pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Opera seria

Opera seria is an Italian term which refers to the "serious" style of Italian opera in the 18th century. It was different from opera buffa which was a musical comedy. Opera seria was supposed to be about serious tragedy. The term "opera seria" only started to be used after the time when it was popular in order to talk about the historic period.
Italian opera seria was always in the Italian language, even when it was composed or performed in other countries such as Germany, Austria, England and Spain. In France the opera seria was not so popular. They had their own forms of opera.
Popular composers of opera seria included Hasse, Vinci, Jommelli, George Frideric Handel, Piccinni, Paisiello, Cimarosa, Gluck, and Mozart.
Opera seria was often called dramma per musica ("drama through music"). The story was told in recitative, a quick-flowing music with simple accompaniment. Then there were arias which were the big songs where the singers could show off their skills. They were normally in da capo form (a main section, a middle section, and the main section repeated). The opera would start with an overture and there would also be some ensembles where several characters sang at once.
The stories of opera seria were usually about the ancient Greek and Roman gods or kings. This was in contrast to opera buffa, which was about ordinary people and often made fun of kings and nobility.
The main singers in opera seria were mostly castrati, male singers who had been castrated when they were young so that they still sang with high voices. Gradually during the 18th century the female singers got more of the main roles (the "prima donna" or "first lady").
One of the first composers of opera seria was Alessandro Scarlatti. In England George Frideric Handel wrote many great opera seria. The most important man in the development of mid-18th century opera seria was Metastasio who wrote libretti. His words were set by the greatest composers in Europe: Hasse, Porpora and, especially, Mozart.
In the later part of the 18th century Christoph Willibald Gluck changed a lot of traditions in opera. He did not want opera to be just a way for singers to show off their voices. He wanted the story to be important. He did not use dry recitative but tried to make the drama, dance and music all important, especially the chorus. Orfeo ed Euridice was his first important opera, followed by others such as Alceste.
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was influenced by Gluck's reforms. His two great opera seria were Idomeneo (1780) and La clemenza di Tito (1791). Mostly, however, Mozart was not so interested in writing about the old Greek gods and kings. His other great Italian operas: Cosi fan tutte, Le Nozze di Figaro and Don Giovanni are something between opera seria and opera buffa. These were set to libretti by Lorenzo da Ponte.
Other important opera seria composers were Luigi Cherubini and Gaspare Spontini, followed by Rossini whose musical style made further changes to opera seria.
Opera genres
Phillip Verhounig

Phillip Verhounig (5 January 2006) is an Austrian football player. He plays as Striker for FC Liefering in the Austrian Second league.
Career
Verhounig began his career at SV Griffen. For the 2016/17 season he moved to the youth team at Wolfsberger AC. In February 2020 he moved to the FC Red Bull Salzburg academy.He played in all age groups. On 19 May 2023 he made his debut for FC Liefering. He came in for Oumar Diakite at half-time against SV Lafnitz.
International
Verhounig played for the Austrian u16 national team for the first time in June 2022. In September 2022 he made his debut against Denmark in the U-17 team.
References
2006 births
Living people
Austrian footballers
Players of FC Liefering
Association football forwards
Austrian football forwards
Chaz Bono

Chaz Salvatore Bono (Born Chastity Sun Bono; March 4, 1969) is an American actor and is a spokesperson for the Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation. He danced on ABC's Dancing With the Stars.
In 1995, Chaz, who still appeared female at the time, told The Advocate that he was a lesbian.
In 2008 Bono started his gender transition from female to male.
He is the son of Sonny and Cher Bono. He is a female-to-male transgender person. A documentary on Bono's experience, Becoming Chaz, was at the 2011 Sundance Film Festival. It was later on the OWN: Oprah Winfrey Network.
Books written
Family Outing (with Billie Fitzpatrick) (1998). Little, Brown and Company. pp. 272.
The End of Innocence: A Memoir (with Michele Kort) (2003). pp. 232.
Transition: the story of how I became a man (with Billie Fitzpatrick) (2011). New York: Dutton.
Transition: Becoming Who I Was Always Meant to Be (with Billie Fitzpatrick) (2012 paperback). Plume. pp. 272.
References
Other websites
American movie actors
American television actors
LGBT people from California
Actors from Los Angeles
Transgender people
Participants in American reality television series
1969 births
Living people
Waffenbrunn

Waffenbrunn is a municipality in the district of Cham in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Cham (district)
Miles Teller

Miles Alexander Teller (born February 20, 1987) is an American actor. His movies include The Spectacular Now, Whiplash, Divergent, Bleed for This and Thank You for Your Service.
References
1987 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Florida
Actors from Pennsylvania
Gordon Douglas (director)

Gordon Douglas (born Gordon Douglas Brickner; December 15, 1907 - September 29, 1993) was an American movie director. He was born in New York City. He worked with RKO Films, Columbia Pictures and Warner Bros.. He also directed many Our Gang shorts.
For Columbia Pictures, he made Mr. Soft Touch (1949), Between Midnight and Dawn (1950), Rogues of Sherwood Forest (1950), Fortunes of Captain Blood (1950), and The Nevadan (1950).
For RKO Films, he made The Great Gildersleeve (1942) and its sequel Gildersleeve on Broadway (1943), Gildersleeve's Bad Day (1943) and Gildersleeve's Ghost (1944). He also directed The Falcon in Hollywood (1944), Girl Rush (1944), A Night of Adventure (1944), and First Yank into Tokyo (1945).
References
1907 births
1993 deaths
Movie directors from New York City
Hernandez (wrestler)

Shawn Hernandez (born February 11, 1973 in Houston, Texas) is an American professional wrestler. He is best known by the ring name, Hernandez. He is currently signed to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling. Hernandez is also known for forming the tag team stable, The Latin American Xchange with Homicide which ended when he was betrayed by Homicide and was attacked by him on the September 10 edition of TNA Impact!.
He has been a two time NWA World Tag Team Champion with Homicide and a two time TNA World Tag Team Champion with Homicide (once) and Matt Morgan (once). He also won the Deuces Wild Tournament in 2008 with Homicide.
His finishing move is called the Border Toss which is a throwing crucifix powerbomb.
References
Other websites
Shawn Hernandez's Official website
Shawn Hernandez's TNA profile
1973 births
American professional wrestlers
Living people
Sportspeople from Houston
Lava lamp

A lava lamp is a decorative lamp, invented in 1963 by British entrepreneur Edward Craven Walker, who made the lighting company Mathmos. The lamp usually takes 2 to 6 hours to heat up, but this also depends on the light bulb which is heating the wax. The lamps are designed in a variety of styles and colours, for example, a mixture of blue and red. The wax inside usually reflects the colours.
Lamps
Boismont, Somme

Boismont is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Lignano Sabbiadoro

Lignano Sabbiadoro () is a comune in the Province of Udine in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region in northeast Italy, on the Adriatic Sea coast. It is known for its summer resort.
References
Settlements in Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Schwobsheim

Schwobsheim is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
References
Communes in Bas-Rhin
Pedro Delgado

Pedro Delgado is a volleyball player from Cuba. Pedro competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was born on 5 December 1949.
References
Other websites
1949 births
Living people
Cuban Olympians
Cuban volleyball players
Twin Towers (movie)

Twin Tower is a 2002 short documentary movie directed by Bill Guttentag and Robert David Port. It depicts the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center. It is about two brothers, policeman Joseph Vigiano and fireman John Vigiano Jr., and their actions during the attacks. The movie was awarded an Oscar for Best Documentary Short at the 2003 Academy Awards honoring movies released in the year 2002.
References
2002 movies
Madison, Indiana

Madison is a city in the state of Indiana, in the United States.
Cities in Indiana
County seats in Indiana
Fisseha Desta

Fisseha Desta (; 21 April 1941 - 7 May 2022) was an Ethiopian military officer and politician. He was the first vice president of Ethiopia from 1987 to 1991 during the Mengistu Haile Mariam administration. He was born in Adwa, Ethiopia. In the 1990s Fisseha was sentenced to 20 years in prison for his role in the military dictatorship. He was then released in 2011 on parole.
Desta died on 7 May 2022 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from heart disease at the age of 81.
References
1941 births
2022 deaths
Ethiopian politicians
Vice presidents
Generals
Deaths from heart disease
Amanda Bay

Amanda Bay, also sometimes known as Hovde Cove, is a bay on Princess Elizabeth Land in East Antarctica. It opens to the north into Prydz Bay on the Ingrid Christensen Coast. It was named in 1957 for the daughter of RAAF Squadron Leader Peter Clemence.
The bay is a breeding colony for Emperor Penguins.
Geography of Antarctica
Fome Zero

Fome Zero (, Zero Hunger) is a program of the Government of Brazil created by President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva in 2003, with the goal to end hunger and extreme poverty in Brazil.
The program had many forms, from direct financial aid to the poorest families (with the Bolsa Familia card) to creating water cisterns in Brazil's semi-arid areas to support family farming and giving access to microcredit.
An economic evaluation of Bolsa Escola did find significant effects on both school attendance rates and the number of children involved in child labor.
References
Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva
Sea Cliff, New York

The Incorporated Village of Sea Cliff is a village located within the Town of Oyster Bay in Nassau County, New York. According to the United States 2010 Census, the village population was 4,995.
Sea Cliff is located at .
References
Villages in New York (state)
SENER

SENER is a private engineering and technology group founded in 1956. Specialises in activities related to Engineering and Construction. The company has industrial holdings in companies and works in the areas of energy, environment and aeronautics. In 2021, the Perseverance rover lands on Mars with SENER Aerospace technology on board.
References
Technology companies of Spain
1956 establishments in Europe
Technology companies of Europe
Halfway house

A halfway house is a place that helps people with physical, mental, and emotional disabilities, giving them a place to live while they learn the social and other skills they need to live on their own or with assistance.
The house has staff workers from the health and helping professions, such as psychologists, social workers, and educators. They help the residents one-on-one or in groups, to adjust to more independent living. Some staff may live in the house. Some houses have large, same-sex dormitory rooms. Others have smaller rooms shared by several roommates, like living in an apartment or flat.
This word has been in use in the United States since the Temperance Movement in the 1840s.
Types
Halfway houses are normally either for patients or for criminals.
For patients, there are one of two choices. In one type, a patient is first placed into a large room with around fifty to one-hundred other people with the same disability as them. As the patients need less help from staff workers, they get moved into smaller rooms with less people, and at the end they are given their own place to live with no other people.
In the other type, new patients start in small rooms. As they need less help from staff workers, their rooms become bigger, and when they stop needing any help, they are living in the big room of 50 to 100 people.
Halfway houses for criminals, also called Community Corrections Centers or Community Correctional Centers, are places where criminals are put after they are taken away from prisons.
Mental illnesses
Community
Aumont, Somme

Aumont is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
In 2006 the population was 138.
Communes in Somme
Goran Hadžić

Goran Hadzic (; 7 September 1958 - 12 July 2016) was the former president of the Republic of Serbian Krajina. He was in office during the Croatian War of Independence. He was accused of crimes against humanity and of violation of the laws and customs of war by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia.
Hadzic died of brain cancer on 12 July 2016 in Sremska Kamenica, Republic of Serbia, aged 57.
References
1958 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from brain cancer
Presidents (government)
Serbian politicians
Mario Fasino

Mario Fasino (26 July 1920 - 17 January 2017) was an Italian politician. He was a member of the Christian Democracy party. He served as the President of the region of Sicily from 20 September 1969 until 22 December 1972. He was born in San Severo, Apulia.
Fasino died on 17 January 2017 in Palermo, Sicily, at the age of 96.
References
1920 births
2017 deaths
Italian politicians
People from Apulia
People from Sicily
Pentadecane

Pentadecane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C15H32. It has 15 carbon atoms and 32 hydrogen atoms.
References
Alkanes
Fareway

Fareway Stores is an American grocery company. Fareway is based in Boone, Iowa. It operates over 120 grocery stores in South Dakota, Nebraska, Minnesota, Iowa and Illinois.
Fareway is a family-owned business in the Midwestern United States. Some stores open as early as 6am. Some remain open unti 11pm. All Fareway grocery stores are closed Sundays and major holidays.
Fareway was founded in 1938.
20th-century establishments in Iowa
1938 establishments in the United States
Supermarkets of the United States
Companies based in Iowa
Connecticut Turnpike

The Connecticut Turnpike (also known as Governor John Davis Lodge Turnpike) is a freeway in Connecticut. It runs from Byram to South Killingly. It is approximately 135 miles long (94 miles on Interstate 95, 37 miles on Interstate 395, and 4 miles on State Route 695).
The Connecticut Turnpike opened in the early 1950s as the state's main highway. Once the road was considered paid for, and also due to several accidents near the toll booths, tolls were removed from the road in 1985. The turnpike was renamed for former Governor John Davis Lodge soon afterward. Very few signs nowadays identify the route as one unified road, and the section that runs as Route 695 carries no current identification at all (not even CT 695 markers) except to say that eastbound it goes "To US 6" and westbound it goes "To I-395".
References
Other websites
nycroads.com - Connecticut Turnpike
Unofficial Connecticut Turnpike page
I-95 (Greater New York Roads)
Roads in the United States
Turnpike
Bradford on Avon

Bradford on Avon (or Bradford-on-Avon) is a town in Wiltshire, South West England. It has a population of about 9,326. The town's canal, historic buildings, shops, pubs and restaurants make it a place to go for tourists.
References
Towns in Wiltshire
Hanger steak

Hanger steak is a type of meat cut. It comes from the plate muscle like the skirt steak. It is similar to a flank steak. It is known to be a cheap and tender cut.
It might be called the hanger steak as the muscle is hanged on the diaphragm.
Its U.S. meat-cut is grouped as NAMP 140.
Other terms
It was known as a butchers steak since butchers would previously keep the steak for themselves.
The hanger steak is becoming more popular in Europe. In Britain it is called a "skirt steak", not to be confused with the American skirt steak. In French it is known as the , in Italian the , in Dutch the , in Polish the , and in Spanish the or or .
Preparation
Like other steak cuts, the hanger steak can be cooked with different methods.
References
Cuts of beef
Joseph-Armand Bombardier

Joseph-Armand Bombardier (April 16, 1907 - February 18, 1964) was a Canadian inventor famous for inventing the snowmobile. In 2000, Joseph-Armand Bombardier was honored by the government of Canada with his image on a postage stamp.
Childhood
Joseph-Armand was born in 1907 in Valcourt, Quebec. As a child he loved to take things apart and put them back together. He was very good at building mechanical things. He built his first moving toy at the age of 13. His father had to hide the family car from him because he liked to take apart and re-build the motor. To keep him away from the family car, his father gave him an old car that didn't work. Joseph-Armand fixed the motor, and put it on old sleds and created the first snow vehicle.
When he was 17 years old he convinced his father to let him quit college and become a mechanic. He continued to study mechanics and electrical engineering at night school.
Inventions
His first patent was for a sprocket wheel and track system in 1937, this system would help him to make the first snowmobile the B7. These first snowmobiles were used by doctors, veterinarians, innkeepers and funeral directors to get around in the winter. Bombardier went on to design bigger snowmobiles that would carry up to 12 people.
During the War, he made snowmobiles and armoured tracked vehicles for the Canadian Government.
Because of this, his company began to grow. In the 1970s, it began making airplanes and trains and became the large multi-national corporation now called Bombardier Inc.
He is a member of the Canadian Science and Engineering Hall of Fame.
Further reading
Related pages
Bombardier Recreational Products
Snowmobile
References
Other websites
J. Armand Bombardier Museum
Joseph-Armand Bombardier at The Canadian Encyclopedia
CBC's Bombardier: The Snowmobile Legacy
Heritage Minute about Joseph-Armand Bombardier
1907 births
1964 deaths
Canadian inventors
People from Quebec
Zoboomafoo

Zoboomafoo was an American children's television series. It aired on PBS Kids from January 25, 1999 until November 21, 2001. It taught children about animals.
PBS Kids shows
American children's television series
1990s American television series
2000s American television series
2001 American television series endings
1999 American television series debuts
Emmy Award winning programs
Peabody Award winners
English-language television programs
Scylla serrata

Scylla serrata is a type of crab. It is often called a mud crab or mangrove crab or black crab. It is found in Africa, Australasia and Asia. It lives in estuaries and mangroves.
Distribution
Scylla serrata is found from South Africa to Sri Lanka to the Southeast Asian Archipelago. It is found from southern Japan to south-eastern Australia, northern New Zealand, and as far east as Fiji and Samoa. The species has also been introduced to Hawaii and Florida.
Portunidae
Ernie Dickens

Ernest Leslie Dickens (June 25, 1921 - September 27, 1985) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman that played 6 seasons in the NHL. He played 2 seasons with the Toronto Maple Leafs and 4 seasons with the Chicago Black Hawks. Dickens won the Stanley Cup with the Toronto Maple Leafs in 1942. He was also named to the AHL First All-Star Team in 1947 and was named a "Honoured Member" of the Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame.
Other websites
1921 births
1985 deaths
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Chicago Blackhawks players
Ice hockey people from Manitoba
Sportspeople from Winnipeg
Toronto Maple Leafs players
American Hockey League players
Ontario Hockey League players
Morihiro Hosokawa

is a Japanese politician. He was the 79th Prime Minister of Japan from 9 August 1993 to 28 April 1994. He became known as the first non-Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) government leader of Japan since 1955. He ran as a candidate for Governor of Tokyo as an independent supported by the Democratic Party of Japan in February 2014.
References
Other websites
Policy speech to the 127th Session of the National Diet 23 August 1993
Policy speech to the 128th Session of the National Diet 21 September 1993
Policy speech to the 129th Session of the National Diet 4 March 1994
1938 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Japan
Politicians from Tokyo
Octopus's Garden

"Octopus's Garden" is a song by The Beatles written by Ringo Starr from their 1969 album Abbey Road.
George Harrison worked on this the song with Ringo Starr; perhaps because his own songs were not seen as good enough by John Lennon and Paul McCartney. Harrison said: "'Octopus's Garden' is Ringo's song. It's only the second song Ringo has ever written, mind you, and it's lovely." He added that the song gets very deep into your mind "because it's so peaceful. I suppose Ringo is writing cosmic songs these days without even realising it."
Background
Ringo Starr got the idea for the song when he was on a boat owned by comedian Peter Sellers in Sardinia in 1968. He ordered fish and chips for lunch, but instead of fish he got squid. It was the first time he'd eaten squid, and he said, "It was OK. A bit rubbery. Tasted like chicken." The boat's captain told Ringo how octopuses travel along the sea bed picking up stones and shiny objects to build gardens. The Let It Be movie had a scene where George Harrison is shown helping Ringo Starr work the song out on piano.
The song, which contains the words "Oh what joy for every girl and boy / Knowing they're happy and they're safe," is sometimes thought of as being a song for children, like "Yellow Submarine", "The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill" or "All Together Now". It has been performed by the Muppets several times in their shows.
Recording
The basic instrumental track was recorded April 26, 1969, with two electric guitars (Harrison and John Lennon), bass guitar (Paul McCartney), and drums (Starr). George Martin did not produce the song, so the Beatles themselves were listed as producer, with Martin's assistant Chris Thomas present in the control room to help. Thirty-two takes were needed before the Beatles were happy with the song.
The backing vocals by McCartney and Harrison during the guitar solo were put through compressors and limiters to create a gurgling sound. Harrison added the sound of bubbles being blown into a glass of milk using a straw.
Performers
Ringo Starr - vocal, drums, percussion, sound effects
George Harrison - backing vocal, lead guitar, synthesizer
Paul McCartney - backing vocal, bass, piano
John Lennon - guitar
Personnel per Ian MacDonald
Other websites
The Beatles songs
1969 songs
The Godfather (wrestler)

Charles Wright (born May 16, 1961) is an American former professional wrestler and businessman. He is best known for his time in the World Wrestling Federation from the 1990s and early 2000s. During his time there, he wrestled under the ring names Papa Shango, Kama, Kama Mustafa, The Godfather, and The Goodfather.
Championships
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
He was ranked #353 of the 500 best singles wrestlers of the "PWI Years" in 2003.
United States Wrestling Association
USWA Unified World Heavyweight Championship (two times)
World Wrestling Federation
WWF Intercontinental Championship (one time)
WWF Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Bull Buchanan)
Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards
Worst Gimmick (1992)
Worst Feud of the Year (1992) (vs. The Ultimate Warrior)
Most Embarrassing Wrestler (1992)
References
Other websites
WWE profile
1961 births
Living people
American professional wrestlers
Former WWE wrestlers
WWE Hall of Fame
African-American wrestlers
Sportspeople from California
Businesspeople from California
People from Palo Alto, California
Sportspeople from Las Vegas
Businesspeople from Las Vegas
Valentina Cortese

Valentina Cortese (1 January 1923 - 10 July 2019) was an Italian actress. She was known for her roles in The Glass Mountain, Thieves' Highway, The House on Telegraph Hill, and in The Barefoot Contessa. She was a BAFTA Award in 1973 and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1975 for her role in Night for Day.
Cortese died on 10 July 2019 in Milan at the age of 96.
References
Other websites
1923 births
2019 deaths
Actors from Milan
BAFTA Award winning actors
Italian movie actors
Daniel Callahan

Daniel Callahan (July 19, 1930 - July 16, 2019) was an American philosopher. He was an important person towards the field of biomedical ethics. He was the co-founder of The Hastings Center, the world's first bioethics research institute. He was the Director of The Hastings Center from 1969 to 1983, president from 1984 to 1996, and president emeritus from 1996 to 2019. He was the author or editor of 47 books. He was born in Washington, D.C..
Callahan died on July 16, 2019 in Dobbs Ferry, New York at the age of 88.
References
1930 births
2019 deaths
American philosophers
Writers from New York City
Writers from Washington, D.C.
Tornado outbreak of May 2019

The tornado outbreak of May 2019 is a record-breaking tornado outbreak in the United States and Canada. It has so far produced at least 237 tornadoes. This includes 47 significant events (EF2+). 18 of these were EF3 tornadoes over multiple states. States affected were Nebraska, Kansas, Texas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Colorado, Indiana, Iowa, Ohio, Illinois, Wisconsin and Minnesota.
On May 28, the U.S. had its 12th straight day with at least eight tornadoes, which broke the previous record of 11 days straight set in 1980. During this period, the U.S. had an average of 27.5 tornadoes per day.
References
Tornadoes in the United States
Tornado outbreaks
May 2019 events
2019 in Illinois
2019 in weather
2019 in Texas
2010s in Ohio
2010s in Missouri
2010s in Wisconsin
2010s in Oklahoma
Darjeeling Himalayan Railway

The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, also known as the DHR or the Toy Train, is a gauge railway that goes between New Jalpaiguri and Darjeeling in the Indian state of West Bengal. Built between 1879 and 1881, it is about long. It climbs from about above sea level at New Jalpaiguri to about at Darjeeling, using six zig zags and five loops to gain altitude. Six diesel locomotives move most of the scheduled service, with daily tourist trains from Darjeeling to Ghum - India's highest railway station - and the steam-hauled Red Panda service from Darjeeling to Kurseong. Steam train specials are hauled by older British-built B-Class steam locomotives. The railway's headquarters are at Kurseong.
On 5 December 1999, UNESCO named the DHR a World Heritage Site. Two more railway lines were later added, and the site became known as one of the mountain railways of India.
References
Darjeeling district
Rail transport in India
World Heritage Sites in India
Interstate 16

Interstate 16 is an Interstate Highway in the state of Georgia in the United States. It goes from Macon east to Savannah. The route is long.
References
16
Shen Chun-shan

Shen Chun-shan (29 August 1932 - 12 September 2018) was a Taiwanese academic. He was known for being President of National Tsing Hua University from 1994 to 1997.
He was known as one of the "four princes of Taiwan" along with Chen Li-an, Fredrick Chien, and Lien Chan, all of whose fathers became famous in politics before their sons' successes.
In 2012, Shen suffered a massive stroke and was left in a coma. He died six years later on 12 September 2018 at a Hsinchu hospital from an gastrointestinal hemorrhage, aged 86.
References
1932 births
2018 deaths
Taiwanese educators
Academics
Barrymore (play)

Barrymore is a two-person play by William Luce. It is about actor John Barrymore taking place a few months before his death in 1942 as he is rehearsing a revival of his 1920 Broadway success as Richard III.
The play was first made at the Stratford Theater in 1996. It was directed by Gene Saks and Christopher Plummer played Barrymore. He won the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Play. Plummer played the role again in Erik Canuel's 2011 movie version of the same name.
References
American plays
20th-century plays
Jōgen (Kamakura period)

, also known as Shogen, was a Japanese era name (Nian Hao , nengo, lit. year name) after Ken'ei and before Kenryaku. This period spanned the years from October 1207 through March 1211. The reigning emperors were and .
Events of the Jogen era
1208 (Jogen 2, 6th month): Tsuchimikado went to the Kumano Sanzan Shrine.
1210 (Jogen 4, 5th month): The emperor returned to the Kumano Shrine.
1210 (Jogen 4, 6th month): Tsuchimikado accepted Hideyasu of Kazusa as part of the court.
1210 (Jogen 4, 8th month): The emperor visited the Kasuga Shrine.
1210 (Jogen 4, 9th month): A comet with a very long tail appeared in the night sky.
1210 (Jogen 4, 25th day of the 11th month): In the 12th year of Tsuchimikado's reign, the emperor abdicated for no particular reason; and the succession (senso) was received by his younger brother, the second son of the former-Emperor Go-Toba. Soon after, Emperor Juntoku's role as emperor was confirmed (sokui).
Related pages
Kamakura period
References
Other websites
National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Japanese eras
1200s establishments in Japan
1210s disestablishments in Japan
1207 establishments
1211 disestablishments
Adele Willie

Adele Willie is a female sports commentator. Willie is from Vanuatu. She is among a group of the first female sports commentators from the Pacific Islands. Willie provides commentary on soccer. She discusses soccer in her own indigenous language, which is Bislama. Willie is one of the first commentators from the Pacific Islands to cover the Women's World Cup.
Early life
Willie did not get to play soccer as a child. In Vanuatu, mostly boys play soccer.
Career
Willie was a sports journalist for the Daily Post Vanuatu. She said men did not want to talk to female journalists.
Willie, Jannesa Hinge Moli and Lavenia Yalovi got to call the Pacific Games in 2015, the Commonwealth Games in 2018, and the OFC Women's Nations Cup. Willie, Hinge Moli, and Yalovi trained for 8 months through an organization called WINS (Women in News and Sports) to get the opportunity to speak about soccer. Willie and Hinge Moli talked in Bislama, and Yalovi talked in Fijian.
Then, they were the first female commentators to go to the Women's World Cup from the Pacific Islands. They were invited by FIFA. It was part of FIFA Women's World Cup Pacific Commentary Project.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Sports commentators
Vanuatuan people
Peach Orchard, Arkansas

Peach Orchard is a city of Clay County in the state of Arkansas in the United States.
Cities in Arkansas
Piri Reis

Piri Reis (full name Hadji Muhiddin Piri Ibn Hadji Mehmed) (about 1465 - 1554 or 1555) was an Ottoman-Turkish admiral and cartographer born between 1465 and 1470 in Gallipoli on the Aegean coast of Turkey. Today, people remember him because of the maps he made. He made the first Ottoman map to show parts of the Americas, the Piri Reis map, in 1513. He drew a second map in 1528. Only a fragment of that map survives today. That fragment however, shows parts of North America, including Greenland. It goes from the coast of Labrador and Newfoundland in the north, to Florida,Cuba and parts of Central America in the south. Therefore, some people believe he drew a map of the Arctic about 200 years before it was discovered.
1460s births
1554 deaths
Admirals
Cartographers
Asian explorers
Turkish military people
Siegfried Köhler

Siegfried Kohler (July 30, 1923 in Freiburg im Breisgau - September 12, 2017 in Wiesbaden) was a German conductor and composer of classical music. He worked as general music director of opera houses such as Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden and the Royal Swedish Opera. He conducted premieres of works by Hans Werner Henze and Volker David Kirchner, among others, and revived rarely performed operas. He also composed music for the stage and taught at universities of music in Cologne and Saarbrucken.
References
1923 births
2017 deaths
21st-century German composers
German academics
20th-century German composers
German conductors
People from Freiburg im Breisgau
2015 Mina stampede

On 24 September 2015, a human stampede happened in the neighbourhood of Mina in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. At least 769 people were killed and another 934 were injured. 1,014 people are missing. The victims were mostly foreign Muslims in Mecca for the annual Hajj.
References
2015 disasters
2015 in Asia
Accidental deaths
Mecca
2010s in Saudi Arabia
September 2015 events
Motion of Confidence

A Motion of Confidence is a motion of support proposed by a government in a parliament or other assembly of elected representatives to give members of parliament (or other such assembly) a chance to register their confidence in a government. The motion is passed or rejected by means of a parliamentary vote (a Vote of confidence). Governments often propose a Motion of confidence to replace a Motion of no confidence proposed by the opposition.
Defeat of a Motion of Confidence in a parliamentary democracy generally requires one of two actions: the resignation of the government, or a request for a parliamentary dissolution and the calling of a General Election.
In Italy the Constitution provides only the motion of confidence and that of not-confidence, respectively to start and to end the life of a government; the question of confidence, by which the government asks a Chamber to approve without change its texts, is the result of a tradition of the late nineteenth century and is increasingly used to accelerate the legislative process, but does not apply to rules for amending Constitution.
References
Parliamentary procedure
Giacomo dalla Torre del Tempio di Sanguinetto

Fra' Giacomo dalla Torre del Tempio di Sanguinetto (9 December 1944 - 29 April 2020) was an Italian nobility. He was the 80th Prince and Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta in 2008 and again from 2017 until his death.
His full title is His Most Eminent Highness Fra' Giacomo dalla Torre del Tempio di Sanguinetto, Prince and Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St. John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta, Most Humble Guardian of the Poor of Jesus Christ. He was born in Rome.
Dalla Torre died on 29 April 2020 in Rome from throat cancer, aged 75.
References
1944 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from throat cancer
Princes and Grand Masters of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
People from Rome
Canelo Álvarez

Santos Saul Alvarez Barragan (born 18 July 1990), better known as Saul "Canelo" Alvarez, is a Mexican professional boxer. Since December 2018, he has been the middleweight world champion of the IBO, WBA and WBC. He is ranked the world's best active boxer, pound for pound, by BoxRec. He is the former WBC and WBA light middleweight champion, former WBC middleweight world champion and former WBO light middleweight champion. He has had 54 pro fights, winning 51 (35 by knockout), losing once and drawing twice. His only loss was to Floyd Mayweather Jr. in 2013.
Alvarez was born in Guadalajara, Jalisco. "Canelo" means cinnamon in Spanish, a common nickname for people with red hair. He has a daughter.
References
Other websites
1990 births
Living people
Mexican boxers
Sportspeople from Guadalajara, Jalisco
Herpetology

Herpetology is the branch of zoology concerned with reptiles and amphibians. It is about cold-blooded animals like salamanders, frogs, toads, snakes, lizards, turtles, tuataras and crocodilians.
Herp
"Herp" is a vernacular term for reptiles and amphibians. It is derived from the old term "herpetile". Linnaeus grouped reptiles and amphibians together in the same class, and that is where the term comes from. The term has persisted, particularly in the names of herpetology, the scientific study of reptiles and amphibians, and herpetoculture, the captive care and breeding of reptiles and amphibians. There are over 6700 species of amphibians and over 9000 species of reptiles.
Batrachology
Batrachology is the study of amphibians. Batrachology can also mean that a person enjoys amphibians and are among their favorite pets.
Branches of zoology
Reptiles
Amphibians
Noreen Corcoran

Noreen M. Corcoran (October 20, 1943 - January 15, 2016) was an American actress, singer and dancer. Her career began in 1951. She was best known for her co-starring role as the teenager Kelly Gregg in the television sitcom Bachelor Father. She also appeared in movies such as Gidget Goes to Rome and in The Girls on the Beach. She retired in 1965.
Corcoran was born in Quincy, Massachusetts. She studied at California State University. Corcoran died in Van Nuys, Los Angeles, California from heart and lung disease (cardiopulmonary disease) at the age of 72.
References
Other websites
Bachelor Father at TV.com
1943 births
2016 deaths
Actors from Los Angeles
Actors from Massachusetts
American child actors
American dancers
American movie actors
American pop singers
American television actors
Singers from California
Singers from Massachusetts
People from Quincy, Massachusetts
Vossloh DE 18

The Vossloh DE 18 is a Bo-Bo diesel-electric locomotive. It is the first new diesel-electric locomotive to be built in Kiel since production of the DE 1002 ended in 1993. Up to 60% of the components are shared with the diesel-hydraulic G 18.
Operations
The prototype locomotive was shown together with the smaller, diesel-hydraulic G 12 on InnoTrans 2010. The launch customer for the DE 18 was BASF, ordering 2 DE 18 locomotives for services at its plants in December 2011.
References
Other websites
Official Vossloh DE 18 product page
DE 18
Bo-Bo locomotives
Dan Crenshaw

Daniel Reed Crenshaw (born March 14, 1984) is an American politician and former United States Navy SEAL officer. Since 2019, he has been a member of the United States House of Representatives from Texas's 2nd congressional district.
Early life
Crenshaw is from Texas. His parents came from Scotland. His mother died of cancer when he was 10. He studied political science at university.
Military service
In 2006, Crenshaw joined the Navy. He became a Navy Seal. He fought in Afghanistan and in 2012. He lost an eye and had surgery to save his other one. He said the reason the other eye survived was because of God.
Politics
In 2016, Crenshaw came home from Afghanistan. In 2017, he worked as an assistant for Congressman Pete Sessions. In 2018, Crenshaw ran for Congress as a Republican talking about security and immigration.
Political opinions
Crenshaw is pro-life but believes that the government should not care about gay marriage at all. Crenshaw opposes gun control. He criticized Donald Trump for taking the American military out of Syria but supported the American killing of General Qassam Solemaini. Crenshaw supports Israel. He believes that global warming is happening and caused by humans but that using the government to solve it cannot work. Crenshaw supports free speech. He was angry about a Google e-mail that called Ben Shapiro, Dennis Prager and Jordan Peterson Nazis.
References
Other websites
1984 births
Living people
United States representatives from Texas
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Raúl Baca Carbo

Oswaldo Raul Baca Carbo (June 29, 1931 - May 7, 2014) was an Ecuadorian engineer and politician. He is thought to be a historic leader of the Democratic Party of Ecuador. He was one of the most influential figures in Ecuadorian politics.
He was president of the National Congress on three separate occasions, in addition to being president of the Andean Parliament and the Latin American Parliament.
Carbo was born in Quito, Ecuador. He died in Quito, Ecuador, aged 82.
References
1931 births
2014 deaths
Presidents of the National Congress of Ecuador
Ecuadorian engineers
Politicians from Quito
Sergei Shmatko

Sergei Ivanovich Shmatko (26 September 1966 - 7 November 2021) was a Russian businessman and politician. He was Russia's Minister of Energy from May 2008 until May 2012.
Shmatko died on 7 November 2021, from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia in Moscow, aged 55.
References
1966 births
2021 deaths
Russian politicians
Russian businesspeople
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia
Nada Surf

Nada Surf is an American alternative rock band from New York. They formed their band in 1992. There are 3 members in the band. They are also known as "North Sixth Street".
References
Nada Surf Information
American rock bands
Musical groups from New York (state)
Musical groups established in 1992
1992 establishments in New York (state)
Forgetting Sarah Marshall

Forgetting Sarah Marshall is a 2008 romantic comedy-drama that looks at romances, break-ups and arguments. Kristen Bell plays Sarah Marshall and Mila Kunis plays Rachel Jansen. This romance comedy-drama was released April 18, 2008, with very positive box office revenue and very high reviews.
2008 romantic comedy movies
2008 romantic drama movies
2008 comedy-drama movies
American romantic comedy movies
American romantic drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
2000s English-language movies
Universal Pictures movies
Maillane

Maillane is a commune of 2,013 people (2004). It is in Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Bouches-du-Rhone department in the south of France.
Communes in Bouches-du-Rhone
Setzu

Setzu (Setzu) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 149 people lived there. Its area is 7.77 km2. It is 216 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
1669

1669 is a common year which started on Tuesday.
Events
March 11 - Mount Etna erupts, destroying the town of Nicolosi and killing 20,000 people.
July - The Hanseatic League, 400 years after it was formed, holds its last official meeting in Lubeck.
Date unknown
Phosphorus is discovered by Hennig Brand.
Antonio Stradivari makes his first violin.
Deaths
December 9 - Pope Clement IX (b. 1600)
Megara (Disney)

Megara is a character from Disney's Hercules. She is voiced by Susan Egan.
Biography
Megara was captured by Nessus and was rescued by Hercules. She doesn't like being known as the damsel in distress. She made a deal with Hades.
Fictional characters introduced in 1997
Kingdom Hearts characters
Hercules (Disney)
Musaffah Port

Musaffah Port (Arabic: myn mSfWH) is an Abu Dhabi Ports' port located in the industrial town of Musaffah south west of the city of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Developing Musaffah
The interest increased in developing Abu Dhabi's nearby township of Mussafah as an industrial centre during a period of local restoration. Abu Dhabi Seaports Authority announced a Dh2.4 billion development plan of the area.
References
Ports and harbours
Genna

was a coming after Keicho and before Kan'ei. This period started in July 1615 and ended in February 1624. During this time, the emperor was .
The nengo Genna means "Commencement of Concord".
Events of the Genna era
1615 (Genna 1): Tokugawa forces burned Osaka Castle.
1 September 1615 (Genna 1, 9th day of the 7th month): Tokugawa Ieyasu pulled down Hokoku-jinja.
1616 (Genna 2): Kida Koan publishes Genna kokaisho, which is a book on ocean navigation.
1 June 1616 (Genna 2, 17th day of the 4th month): Ieyasu died at Suruga Castle.
26 September 1617 (Genna 3, 26th day of the 8th month): Former-Emperor Go-Yozei died. He was buried at Nikko.
1618 (Genna 4, 8th month): A comet appeared in the sky.
5 July 1620 (Genna 6, 6th day of the 6th month): The emperor married Tokugawa Kazuko who was the daughter of the shogun.
1620 (Genna 6): There were destructive fires in Kyoto in the 2nd and 3rd month.
Related pages
Edo period
References
Other websites
National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Japanese eras
1615 establishments
17th-century establishments in Japan
1624 disestablishments
17th-century disestablishments in Japan
Miso soup

in Japanese) is a traditional Japanese soup. It is made from a kind of broth or stock, called "dashi" into which miso paste is dissolved. Various solid ingredients like wakame, seaweed, tofu from soybeans, and sometimes mushrooms, potatoes, and eggplants are added to make the finished soup. The soup is usually served in bowls, sometimes in lacquer bowls. They can be drunk directly from the bowl without using a spoon. Solid ingredients are eaten with chopsticks (Zhu ). Different types of miso produce distinctive soups. There are three main types of miso: dark-brown, white, and a combination of the two.
Related pages
Miso (Wei Cheng )
Other websites
Miso soup recipe (with photo)
Kosher Miso soup recipe chabad.org
Soups
Japanese food
Lilac Fire

The Lilac Fire was a wildfire that burned in Bonsall, California. The fire burned through 4,100 acres. The fire threatened the cities of Oceanside, Vista and Bonsall.
The fire was first reported on 7 December 2017 at 11:15 AM PST.
Governor Jerry Brown issued a state of emergency for San Diego County. California State University San Marcos and Palomar College cancelled classes and were closed for the rest of the week.
On 16 December, the fire was fully contained.
The fire was part of the December 2017 Southern California wildfires.
References
2017 in weather
2017 California wildfires
December events
Takumi Hayama

Takumi Hayama (born 20 May 1978) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|2001||rowspan="3"|Tokyo Verdy||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||2||0||0||0||0||0||2||0
|-
|2002||5||1||1||0||0||0||6||1
|-
|2003||2||0||0||0||2||0||4||0
|-
|2003||Vegalta Sendai||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2004||Gunma Horikoshi||Football League||26||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||31||0
|-
|2005||Horikoshi||Football League||24||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||25||0
|-
|2006||Tokyo Verdy||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
59||1||7||0||2||0||68||1
59||1||7||0||2||0||68||1
|}
References
1978 births
Living people
Footballers from Kanagawa Prefecture
Monty Python

Monty Python, also known as The Pythons, is a group of British comic actors. They have acted in several comedy movies (most famously, Monty Python and the Holy Grail). They had a television show, Monty Python's Flying Circus between 1969 and 1974, which is still well-known and watched around the world.
The members of Monty Python are: John Cleese, Eric Idle, Graham Chapman, Terry Gilliam, Terry Jones, and Michael Palin. Carol Cleveland and Neil Innes regularly appeared in their movies.
Monty Python started with their first movie, And Now For Something Completely Different, and finished with their final movie, Monty Python's The Meaning of Life.
Movies
And Now For Something Completely Different (1971)
Monty Python and the Holy Grail (1975)
Monty Python's Life of Brian (1979)
Monty Python Live at the Hollywood Bowl (1982)
Monty Python's The Meaning of Life (1983)
Theatre
Monty Python's Flying Circus - Between 1974 and 1980
Monty Python's Spamalot
Not the Messiah (He's a Very Naughty Boy)
Monty Python Live (Mostly)
Other websites
University Heights, Iowa

University Heights is a city in Iowa in the United States.
References
Cities in Iowa
Culver Max Entertainment

Culver Max Entertainment Private Limited, or Sony Pictures Networks India (SPN or SPNI), is an Indian media company. It is owned by Sony Pictures.
Culver Max Entertainment has 26 television channels, the streaming media platform SonyLIV and the television studio Studio NEXT. It also has the movie studio Sony Pictures International Productions.
History
The company was founded in September 30 1995 as Multi Screen Media Limited. In November 2015, the name of the company was chaged to Sony Pictures Networks India (SPN).
Owned channels
On air channel
References
1995 establishments in Asia
1990s establishments in India
Indian entertainment companies
Apocalypse (miniseries)

Apocalypse is a canceled computer-animated hollywood miniseries produced by Netflix Animation, SpindleHorse Toons, Blur Studio and broadcast on Netflix. The miniseries would be a loose adaptation of first part of the End Times Biblical Chronology popularly known as the Principle of Sorrows, a social criticism that explores the iceberg of contemporary society, the first installment of Gibsonverso and directed by Carlos Saldanha in his directorial debut of television.
Netflix original series