pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Emil Wolf

Emil Wolf (July 30, 1922 - June 2, 2018) was a Czech born American physicist. He was born in Prague. He made advancements in physical optics, including diffraction, coherence properties of optical fields, spectroscopy of partially coherent radiation, and the theory of direct scattering and inverse scattering. He co-wrote Principles of Optics of one of the standard textbooks of optics commonly known as "Born and Wolf".
Wolf died in Rochester, New York on June 2, 2018, aged 95.
References
Other websites
Articles Published by early OSA Presidents Journal of the Optical Society of America
1922 births
2018 deaths
American physicists
Czech scientists
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Scientists from New York (state)
Writers from New York (state)
Writers from Prague
Unterschleißheim

Unterschleissheim (Central Bavarian: Untaschleissheim) is a town in the Munich Rural District in Upper Bavaria, Germany.
References
Other websites
Munich (district)
Freeport, Bahamas

Freeport is a city, district and free trade zone on the island of Grand Bahama. It is in North-west Bahamas. In 1955, Wallace Groves, a Virginian financier, was given 50,000 acres (or 202 km2) of pineyard with swamp and scrubland areas by the Bahamian government. They were asked to develop the area economically. Freeport has grown and is now the second most populous city in the Bahamas. The main airport in Freeport is the Grand Bahama International Airport. The Grand Bahama Port Authority (GBPA) runs the free trade zone, under the Hawksbill Creek Agreement signed in August 1955. There, the Bahamian Government agreed that businesses in the Freeport area will pay no taxes before 2054. The area of the land grants has been increased to 138,000 acres (or 526 km2).
References
Districts of the Bahamas
1955 establishments
1950s establishments in North America
20th-century establishments in the Bahamas
Slick, Oklahoma

Slick is a town of Oklahoma in the United States.
Towns in Oklahoma
Antonov An-225 Mriya

The Antonov An-225 Mriya was a Russian/Ukrainian Aircraft, and the largest airplane by weight in the world. It had 6 engines, which was necessary for its sheer size. It was manufactured by a company called Antonov. The Mriya was designed to transport the Russian Shuttle, Space Shuttle Buran. The Buran only flew once, and was successful. However, the funding of Buran was insufficient, and, the project quickly ended. The remaining plane, registration UR-82060, was used to carry very large items that were not efficient by train, to be carried by the Antonov.
The company ownership was changed, due to the collapse of the Soviet Union. The ownership of Antonov was switched to the country of Ukraine, and all assets were shipped to Kyiv, or Kiev. It was modelled from the Antonov An-124 Ruslan. This plane is big enough to carry a Boeing 747's fuselage. During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the last aircraft, UR-82060, was destroyed in the hangar of the airport of the Antonov Serial Production Plant in Ukraine.
Notes
References
Other websites
Official website
An-225 - buran-energia.com
Payloads
Civil aircraft
Soviet & Russian aircraft
Hägglingen

Hagglingen is a municipality in Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Aargau
Bongkosh Rittichainuwat

Bongkosh Ngamsom Rittichainuwat is an Thai Researcher, Scholar, Professor and academic administrator. She is currently Associate Dean & Professor of the international College of Hospitality & Tourism Management at Siam University. She is also the board member of Pacific Asia Travel Association.
References
Other websites
Bongkosh Rittichainuwat
Living people
Thai academics
Synopsys

Synopsys is an American electronic design automation company. Synopsys was founded by Aart J de Geus and David Gregory in 1986 in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Their technology is present in self-driving cars, artificial intelligence, and internet of things consumer products.
American technology companies
Republic of Croatia (1990–1991)

The Republic of Croatia was a republic within the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1990 and 1991. The creation of a republic based on democracy occurred in 1990 when elections were held. Franjo Tudman was elected President of Croatia that year. He promised independence if reforms were not introduced. While generally heading towards independence, the government attempted negotiations with the Serbian government one last time: the idea was to create a confederal Yugoslavia where Croatia and other republics would be autonomous and powers would be decentralized. This was not accepted.
Crisis
From 1990 to 1991, Croatia faced political crisis within Yugoslavia as Serb-populated areas attempted to form an enclave called Serbian Krajina which intended to separate from Croatia if Croatia itself attempted to separate. The Serb leadership in Krajina refused to recognize the government of the Republic of Croatia as having sovereignty over them. The crisis began with the Log Revolution as Croatian Serbs cut down trees which they used to block roads. This hampered Croatian tourism and caused alarm in the province of Dalmatia as Croatia was hosting the 1990 European Athletics Championships in Split.
Disestablishment
Croatia's status as a constituent republic ended in 1991. In a referendum on independence, a majority of Croatians wanted independence from Yugoslavia (93% of the total number of votes). Serb-controlled areas of Croatia became part of the unrecognized Republic of Serbian Krajina, which would not be under Croatian control until 1995. Its main part was liberated by Croatian forces in 1995 (Operation Storm); a part remained in eastern Slavonia under United Nations (UN) administration until its peaceful reincorporation into Croatia in 1998.
Related pages
History of Croatia
Croatian War of Independence
Former countries in Europe
1990 establishments in Europe
1991 disestablishments in Europe
1990s in Croatia
825

825 (DCCCXXV) was .
Events
Egbert of Wessex defeats Beornwulf of Mercia at Ellandun. Kent, Surrey, Sussex and Essex submit to Wessex and East Anglia acknowledges Egbert as overlord.
Emperor Louis the Pious of the Franks wars against the Wends and Sorbs.
Births
Louis II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 875)
Deaths
Thundersnow

Thundersnow, also known as a winter thunderstorm, a snow thunderstorm or a thundersnowstorm, is a thunderstorm with snow instead of rain. This rare kind of weather is less rare around the Midwestern United States, the Great Lakes and Rocky Mountains, the Sea of Japan, and Mount Everest. Thundersnow mostly happens in March.
How it is made
A thunderstorm at the front of a wave of cold air or warm air (cold front or warm front)
The edge of a big ocean storm (or cyclone) where lower warm and higher cold air mix.
Thunderstorms going over a warm lake while the air is cold (or lake-effect).
Thunder can be heard many miles away, but thundersnow thunder can only be heard a few miles away. The snow stops sounds of thunder more than rain does.
Severe weather
Strain (biology)

In biology, a strain is a low-level taxonomic rank below the rank of species. This is seen in microbiology where strains are got from a single cell colony, and are quarantined by being in a Petri dish. Strains are also commonly referred to in virology, in horticulture, and with rodents used in experimental studies.
Microbiology/Virology
A strain is a genetic variant or subtype of a microorganism, that is to say a virus or bacterium or fungus. For example, a "flu strain" is a certain biological form of the influenza or "flu" virus. Properly speaking, bacteria, archaea and viruses do not have species, because they do not have eukaryote-type sexual reproduction. Bacteria do exchange DNA, but they may exchange it between different kinds of bacteria, which shows their difference from eukaryotes. Strains are therefore an essential part of bacterial identification.
Plants
In botany, the term is not used to rank plants. It is sometimes used to refer to all the descendants produced from a common ancestor that share a uniform morphological or physiological character. A strain is a designated group of offspring that have descended from a modified plant, produced ether by conventional breeding or by biotechnological means or result from genetic mutation.
For example, some rice strains are made by inserting new genetic material into a rice plant, all the descendants of the genetically modified rice plant are a strain with a unique genetic code that is passed on to later generations. The strain designation, a number or a formal name, covers all the plants that descend from the originally modified plant. The rice plants in the strain can be breed to other rice strains or cultivars, and if desirable plants are produced, these are further breed to stabilize the desirable traits; the stabilized plants that can be propagated and come true, are given a cultivar name and released into production to be used by farmers.
Rodents
A mouse or a rat strain is a group of animals that is genetically uniform. Strains are used in laboratory experiments. Mouse strains can be inbred or genetically engineered, while rat strains are usually produced by inbreeding.
Other websites
International Mouse Strain Resource (IMSR)
Rat strain index
References
rank32
Classical genetics
Adelsheim

Adelsheim is a small town in northern Baden-Wurttemberg, about 30 km north of Heilbronn. The state-recognized resort of Adelsheim in the Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis is 1,200-year years old.
References
Other websites
Towns in Baden-Wurttemberg
Pipo de Clown

Pipo de Clown (English: Pipo the Clown) is a clown who became very popular on Dutch television. The character was created by Wim Meuldijk. The actor who took the part of Pipo de Clown was Cor Witschge (1925-1991). The television series started in 1958 and was shown until 1980.
In the television programmes Pipo lives with his wife Mamaloe (pronounce: "Mamaloo") and their daughter Petra in a gypsy-style caravan. They say that they travel all over the world.
Recently new films have been made about Pipo de Clown.
Here are some of Pipo's famous sayings:
Sapperdeflap! (Pipo expressing surprise)
Hou 's even vast, Mamaloe! (Hold this a moment, Mamaloe!)
Dag vogels, dag bloemen, dag kinderen (Hello (or Goodbye) birds, hello flowers, hello children)
Clowns
Dutch television programmes
Uracil

Uracil is a base found in RNA. It pairs with adenine and replaces thymine in DNA. Uracil, a pyrimidine, was originally discovered in 1900.
RNA
Organonitrogen compounds
Horgen District

Horgen is a district of the Swiss canton of Zurich. Its capital is Horgen.
Municipalities
Sihlbrugg Dorf and Samstagern are both significant villages that are not independent municipalities.
Sources
Districts of Zurich
Vermenton

Vermenton is a commune. It is in the Yonne department in the center of France. On 1 January 2016, the former commune of Sacy was merged into Vermenton.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Coroner (band)

Coroner was a thrash metal band from Switzerland. The band was formed in 1985. The band is with Noise record label. The band's most successful albums are No More Color, Mental Vortex and Grin.
References
Other websites
Coroner at Encyclopaedia Metallum
1980s establishments in Switzerland
1985 establishments in Europe
1996 disestablishments in Europe
2010 establishments in Switzerland
Swiss heavy metal bands
Thrash metal bands
Zurich
Musical groups established in 1985
Musical groups disestablished in 1996
Musical groups established in 2010
Disestablishments in Switzerland
Nokia N900

The Nokia N900 was a phablet developed for the Nokia 'N' series. It was announced on CNET on November 11, 2009. The Nokia N900 was similar to Nokia Communicator, the successor of the Nokia N810. On July 14, 2011, it was discontinued worldwide. The cell phone was used in businesses and homes. As of October 2010, the Nokia N900 discontinued sales in India.
Hardware
It has a dual SIM card and the storage memory is 512MB. The camera is 504mp. The phone also boasted a keyboard like a tablet.
Discontinuation
On July 14, 2011, Nokia announced the discontinuation of sales worldwide as they were releasing the next version of the phone.
References
Nokia mobile phones
Mobile phones released in 2009
Computer Misuse Act 1990

The Computer Misuse Act 1990 (c. 18) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was made after Robert Schifreen and Stephen Gold hacked into British Telecom's Prestel viewdata service in 1984-1985. They were even able to see personal messages of Prince Philip, but they could not be prosecuted as there were no laws against hacking. This was a problem, as people could hack into systems and see personal data without breaking the law, which was why the Computer Misuse Act was made.
Some people did not like the act, saying it was made too quickly and not given much thought. The act did not make a difference between people who hacked for fun from people who hacked to steal data or money. Other countries have made their acts for hacking using parts of the Computer Misuse Act, such as Canada and the Republic of Ireland. It has been amended many times since 1990 to keep it up to date.
Related pages
Computer legislation
Data Protection Act
References
IT law
1990s Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
Page-boy

A page or page boy is a young male servant. A different meaning of "page boy", but based on the same idea of one who serves, is for a young boy who helps the bride at a wedding.
History
In medieval times, a page was a servant to a knight. He had to clean things, help the knight, for example by running messages for him. He also learned how to fight. When he was 14 he usually became a squire. When he was 21 he sometimes became a knight.
Pages were treated well. In the Christmas carol "Good King Wenceslas" we hear about the King's page: "Hither, page, and stand by me, if thou know'st it, telling...."
The decorative page
During the Renaissance and after it became fashionable for black boys and young men to be decorative pages. They wore fancy costumes and served fashionable ladies and lords. This custom of having an "African page" lasted for several centuries. This type of page is almost unheard of today.
Feudalism
Hasparren

Hasparren is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Hasparren
Comines, Nord

Comines is a commune. It is in the Nord department in northern France.
References
Communes in Nord
Eggerland Episode 0: Quest of Rara

is a puzzle video game by HAL Laboratory for Microsoft Windows that came out in 1996. It is part of Eggerland, a video game series from Japan. It is a demo of Eggerland for Windows 95, the 1st of 2 games on Windows, which came out on December 1996, with 30 stages. The full game has 194 stages. On June 15, 2000, the version of Eggerland for Windows 95 made for Windows 98 came out as Revival! Eggerland, and for Windows ME on November 2001.
Information
This game features much more advanced graphics than the previous Eggerland games. Most of them came out on home consoles that could only do graphics less advanced than most personal computers can do.
The game is saved instead of using passwords, making it easier for players to continue from where they were.
A new object called a Crystal Framer was added. It can be pushed, as can an Emerald Framer, and it blocks enemy movements and shots. However, when Rara, known as Lala outside of Japan, shoots a shot, it is reflected clockwise or counter-clockwise, depending on the type of Crystal Framer, allowing her to put monsters such as Medusas or Don Medusas in eggs.
Construct Mode
The game can be used to make level maps using "Construct Mode". All of the enemies, options and the terrains and their music that are available in the main game are available. These files are saved as CONSTRUCT.TXT, and can be emailed to friends. They can also be shared online, which is normal in many Eggerland communities. Eggerland for Windows 95 and Revival! Eggerland haVE more available terrains and music files, but all releases can load the same files. However, Eggerland 0 does not show their new terrain objects.
CONSTRUCT.TXT is played by default. If it is named EGGLAND1.MAP (for Eggerland for Windows 95/Revival! Eggerland) or EGGLAND0.MAP (for Episode 0) instead, custom maps can be played by selecting New Game. Playing a custom map as a .MAP file instead of a .TXT file allows progress to be saved at any time, which is mainly helpful for long and difficult maps. However, the game's original file must be changed to something else, such as EGGLAND1.ORIGINAL.MAP, to not overwrite the file.
References
1996 video games
Windows games
Puzzle video games
Video games developed in Japan
Valperga

Valperga is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Piedmont region in Italy.
Settlements in Piedmont
Richard Anderson

Richard Norman Anderson (August 8, 1926 - August 31, 2017) was an American actor in movie and television. His best-known role was that of Oscar Goldman, the boss of Steve Austin and Jaime Sommers in both television series The Six Million Dollar Man and The Bionic Woman.
Anderson died on August 31, 2017 in Beverly Hills, California of congestive heart failure, aged 91.
References
Other websites
An hour long video interview with Retro Rewind covering his career (from 2010)
1926 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from congestive heart failure
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from New Jersey
The Punisher (2004 movie)

The Punisher is a 2004 crime action drama movie based on the Marvel character of the same name.
Cast
Thomas Jane as Frank Castle/Punisher
John Travolta as Howard Saint
Will Patton as Clinton Glass
Rebecca Romijn as Joan
Production
Development started in 1997.
Other websites
The Punisher at Marvel.com
2004 crime drama movies
2000s American action movies
American crime drama movies
Lionsgate movies
Marvel Comics movies
Movies about revenge
Movies produced by Avi Arad
Movies set in Florida
Reboot movies
Pogrom

Pogrom (from Russian:pogrom (pogrom); from "gromit'" IPA: - to wreak havoc, to demolish violently) is a form of riot attacking people and property. The target of the attack is a group of people because of their ethnic identity or religion, usually Jews. In a pogrom, the local authorities such as the police do not arrest the rioters and do not come to the aid of the victims.
In a pogrom, the target people's homes, businesses, and places of worship are destroyed. People of the target group are physically attacked and some are murdered.
Related pages
Babi Yar
Kristallnacht
References
!
Le Puy, Doubs

Le Puy () is a commune in the department of Doubs in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in eastern France.
Geography
The village of Le Puy is from Besancon on Route D115 and north of Roulans. It is close to its intersection with the D336 on the east and the A36 on the west.
Population
The inhabitants of Le Puy are known as Puylots.
Name origin
The village is nicknamed le Puits (French: the Well) on the Cassini map. The French le Puy usually connects to the Provencal word Puech (an isolated hill). Here, as the Cassini map shows, it refers to the local wells.
Related pages
Communes of the Doubs department
References
Other websites
All sites are in French, unless otherwise indicated.
Le Puy on the Institut Geographique National site
Financial Data for Le Puy from the Ministry of the Economy, Finances and Industry
Tax information for Le Puy
My hometown (Monclocher) site(Location of townhall only)
Le Puy on the intercommunal Web site of the department
Communes in Doubs
Love Myself (Hailee Steinfield song)

Love Myself is an electropop song and debut single by actress and singer Hailee Steinfeld, released on August 7, 2015. It is from her debut EP, Haiz. The lyrics speak of self-confidence, and an "ode to masturbation" in the media. It reached the top 10 in Belgium, Israel, and the United States.
References
Electropop
Pop songs
2015 songs
Chris Kuper

Christopher Kuper (born December 19, 1982 in Anchorage, Alaska) is an American football Offensive guard for the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL). Kuper played college football at the University of North Dakota and was drafted by the Denver Broncos with the 161st pick in the fifth round of the 2006 NFL Draft.
Other websites
Chris Kuper at denverbroncos.com
1982 births
Living people
Kuper, Chris
American football offensive guards
Sportspeople from Anchorage, Alaska
Sportspeople from North Dakota
Władysław Filipowiak

Wladyslaw Filipowiak (29 April 1926 - 31 March 2014) was a Polish professor, writer, and archaeologist. He was a former director of the National Museum in Szczecin.
He was the author of over 200 publications in the field of early medieval archeology. Filipowiak was born in Kaczycach, Poland.
Filipowiak died on 31 March 2014 in Szczecin, Poland from natural causes, aged 87.
References
1926 births
2014 deaths
Archaeologists
Polish academics
Polish writers
Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2020

The Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2020 was the eightteenth edition of the contest. It took place at the TVP Headquarters, Warsaw, Poland on 29 November 2020, Polish broadcaster Telewizja Polska (TVP) was the host broadcaster for the event. The motto for the contest was "Move The World".
Results
On 8 September 2020, it was confirmed that twelve countries would take part in the contest. Germany would make their first appearance, while Albania, Australia, Ireland, Italy, North Macedonia, Portugal and Wales would not return, having participated in 2019.
Armenia withdrew from the contest on 5 November 2020 due to the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war, reducing the number of participating countries to 12.
Score sheet
12 points
Below is a summary of all 12 points received from each country's professional juries.
Spokespersons
The following people announced the jury 12 points for their respective country:
Olivia
Saniya Zholzhaksynova
Robin de Haas
Darija Vracevic
Ksenia Galetskaya
Marianna Jozefina Piatkowska
Marita Khvedelidze
Leah Mifsud
Mikella Abramova and Khryusha
Melani Garcia
Sophia Ivanko
Nathan Laface
References
Other websites
2020 in Europe
Junior Eurovision Song Contest
Montperreux

Montperreux is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
Greg Daniels

Gregory Martin Daniels (born June 13, 1963) is an American television comedy writer, producer, and director. He is known for his work on many television series, including Saturday Night Live, The Simpsons, Parks and Recreation, King of the Hill and The Office.
Daniels was born in New York City. He studied at Harvard University. His brother-in-law is Paul Lieberstein. Daniels won two Emmy Awards for his writing.
References
Other websites
1963 births
Living people
American television producers
American television writers
American television directors
Emmy Award winners
Harvard University alumni
Writers from New York City
United States Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Communications, Technology, Innovation, and the Internet

The Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Communications Technology, Innovation, and the Internet is one of the seven subcommittees within the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation. It was renamed from the Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Innovation at the start of the 111th Congress, with its science function transferred to the Subcommittee on Science and Space.
Members, 115th Congress
Jobs
Their jobs relates to communications. The Subcommittee also is responsible for oversight of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB), and the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) at the Department of Commerce.
Other websites
Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation website, Subcommittee page
Commerce Communications
Ernest Ellis Clark

Ernest Ellis Clark (1870 - 1932) was a Derby born artist. Three of his paintings are in Derby Museum and Art Gallery.
Biography
Clark was born in Derby and after studying art he started work at Royal Crown Derby. He won many prizes for his art. In his forties he served in the Royal Field Artillery during the first world war. His only book was a guide for his students to design based on plant forms. In the book he supplied the designs. Clark said "... it cannot be too frequently urged upon students that the only right way for them is to make their own studies direct from nature." Three of his paintings are in Derby Museum and Art Gallery after being gifted by Alfred E. Goodey. The painting of Green Street records a time three years before the Hippodrome Theatre was built on the left and on the right is the College of Art where Clark trained.
Clark died aged 63 in Derby in 1932 and his work is free from copyright.
References
Derby Museum and Art Gallery
Andrzej Kubica

Andrzej Kubica (born 7 July 1972) is a former Polish football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1991/92||rowspan="2"|Zaglebie Sosnowiec||Ekstraklasa||17||1
|-
|1992/93||First League||||
|-
|1993/94||Rapid Wien||Bundesliga||32||9
|-
|1994/95||Austria Wien||Bundesliga||16||2
|-
|1995/96||Legia Warszawa||Ekstraklasa||10||4
|-
|1995/96||Waregem||First Division||15||7
|-
|1996/97||Standard Liege||First Division||10||2
|-
|1996/97||Nice||Division 1||13||2
|-
|1997/98||Standard Liege||First Division||0||0
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="2"|Maccabi Tel Aviv||Liga Leumit||30||21
|-
|1999/00||Premier League||26||8
|-
|2000||Urawa Red Diamonds||J. League 2||34||11
|-
|2001||Oita Trinita||J. League 2||11||6
|-
|2001/02||Ashdod||Premier League||15||9
|-
|2002/03||Beitar Jerusalem||Premier League||33||12
|-
|2003/04||Maccabi Tel Aviv||Premier League||25||4
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="3"|Gornik Leczna||rowspan="3"|Ekstraklasa||13||5
|-
|2005/06||29||4
|-
|2006/07||||
69||14
48||11
25||9
13||2
129||54
45||17
329||107
|}
1972 births
Living people
Polish footballers
Abdulla Mohtadi

Abdullah Mohtadi (born 1949 in Bukan, Iran) is the leader of the Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan. As a politician, he has played a prominent role in the Kurdish resistance struggle against the Iranian regime. Abdullah Mohtadi is also a member of the board of Iran's Transitional Council (ITC). In the international media, Abdulla Mohtadi is known as a political analyst of the Middle East, especially ongoing affairs of Iran and Iranian Kurdistan.
As of 2020, Iran is an Islamic republic, where Islamic leaders play an important role. Mohtadi wants to establish a secular state. He has called for democratic reforms. He also called for a society that respects many different opinions; this idea is known as pluralism.
History
Despite all the efforts to remain in secrecy, in the 1970s, Mohtadi was arrested three times. The last time he was arrested, Abdullah was sentenced to more than three years' imprisonment for his activism against the Shah regime. Since SAVAK was unable to provide any evidence regarding Mohtadi's political actions, he was released from prison and now, his party should cope with its most important era of the pre-Islamic Revolution Iran. When Ayatollah Khomeini ordered a massive onslaught against Iranian Kurds in August 1979, Mohtadi emerged as a leader of the Kurdish resistance movement.
Posts
Originator of the Komala Party (1969)
Central Committee of Komala (1979)
Secretary General of Komala (1980)
Secretary General of the Communist Party (1983)
Secretary General of Komala (2000)
Secretary of the Iran's Transitional Council (2019)
Other websites
Abdullah Mohtadi Remarks
Interview with Mr. Abdullah Mohtadi, the Secretary General of the Komala Party of Iranian Kurdistan
The Kurds and the Green Movement
Regime change in Iran task for its people: Iranian Opposition Leader
International Business Times
Iran has engaged in murder campaign against Kurds
Islamic regime 'are oppressors and liars'
Books
mqdmhy br gsst w gdhr
shoersh lae saerdaemy nwYd
References
1949 births
Living people
Iranian politicians
Kurdish politicians
Emir Uyar

Emir Uyar (born 1983) is the Vice Chairman of Permak Group, a major Turkish company, and is also the Honorary General Consul of Dominica to Turkey. He is the son of businessman Selim Uyar, who is the founder of Permak Group.
Emir Uyar owns many old buildings and places in Europe, like the famous San Clemente Kempinski Palace Hotel in Venice, Italy. The hotel's brand name is now under Kempinski Hotels. He bought the whole island of San Clemente in Italy, which was one of the largest investments between Italy and Turkey. Uyar also helps build solar power in Turkey.
Education
Uyar graduated from Deutsche Schule Istanbul and got a Bachelor's degree in Business and Economics from the University of Southern California (USC) in the United States.
Career
Emir Uyar is the Vice Chairman of Turkey's Permak Group and Chairman of the Permak Investments. Permak Group does business in real estate, machinery, energy, technology, and retail.
He manages the Permak Group's investments, and also owns the Kempinski Palace Hotel on San Clemente Island in Venice, Italy. Uyar was the Honorary General Consul of Dominica to Istanbul since 2014.
Uyar helped build solar power in Turkey in places like Cankiri. He has also invested very much in luxury properties in Lake Como, which is also home to George Clooney's summer house.
References
Living people
1983 births
Turkish businesspeople
Salvatore Biasco

Salvatore Biasco (31 December 1939 - 6 September 2022) was an Italian economist and politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party of the Left. He was in the Chamber of Deputies from 1996 to 2001.
Biasco died on 6 September 2022 at the age of 82.
References
1939 births
2022 deaths
Italian economists
Italian politicians
Vendin-lès-Béthune

Vendin-les-Bethune is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Textron

Textron Inc. is an American industrial conglomerate based in Providence, Rhode Island. Textron's has a lot of subsidiaries which include Arctic Cat, Bell Textron, Textron Aviation (which itself includes the Beechcraft, Hawker, and Cessna brands), and Lycoming Engines.
History
Textron began as a textile company in 1923, when a Royal Little founded the Special Yarns Corporation in Boston, Massachusetts. The company manufactured a lot of products such as synthetic yarns, and niche product at the time. By the start of World War II, the company was known as Atlantic Rayon Corporation and manufactured parachutes.
Divisions
* Able Aerospace Services
* Arctic Cat
* Bell Textron
* E-Z-GO
* Greenlee Textron
* Jacobsen
* Kautex Textron
* Textron AirLand
* Textron Aviation
* Textron Systems
References
Labrador duck

The Labrador duck (Camptorhynchus labradorius) is an extinct duck that lived in North America.
Habitat
The Labrador duck lived along the sandy coasts and bays of New Jersey and New England. Audubon's son reported seeing a nest belonging to the species. Some believe that it may have laid its eggs on the islands in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. It was a rare bird before European settlement, and the increase in humans probably finished it off.
Extinction
The duck became extinct after settlers became common along the eastern coast of North America. The reasons are not clear. The duck was eaten, although its flesh tasted bad. its eggs were probably harvested. It depended considerably on shellfish, which humans may have eaten in large quantities.
Sources
Cokinos, Christopher 2000. Hope is the thing with feathers. New York: Putnam, pp. 281-304.
Forbush, Edward Howe 1912. A history of the game birds, wild-fowl and shore birds of Massachusetts and adjacent states. Boston: Massachusetts State Board of Agriculture, pp. 411-416.
Fuller, Errol 2001. ''Extinct birds. Comstock Publishing, pp. 85-87.
Ducks
Lewis Wilson

Lewis Gilbert Wilson (January 28, 1920 - August 9, 2000) was an American actor. He was most famous for being the first actor to play DC Comics character Batman on screen in the 1943 serial Batman.
References
1920 births
2000 deaths
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Actors from Massachusetts
Actors who played Batman
Ziad Tlemcani

Ziad Tlemcani (born 10 May 1963) is a former Tunisian football player. He has played for Tunisia national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1990/91||rowspan="5"|Vitoria SC||rowspan="5"|Portuguese Liga||34||8
|-
|1991/92||32||15
|-
|1992/93||20||5
|-
|1993/94||24||11
|-
|1994/95||9||6
|-
119||45
|-
|1995||rowspan="3"|Vissel Kobe||rowspan="2"|Japan Football League||
|-
|1996||||
|-
|1997||J. League 1||
||
119||45
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1990||2||0
|-
|1991||3||0
|-
|1992||4||0
|-
|1993||3||1
|-
|1994||2||0
|-
|1995||0||0
|-
|1996||0||0
|-
|1997||0||0
|-
|1998||6||3
|-
!Total||20||4
|}
References
1963 births
Living people
Tunisian footballers
Sportspeople from Tunis
Stark County, Illinois

Stark County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. In the 2020 census, 5,400 people lived there. The county seat is Toulon.
References
Illinois counties
Civil parishes in Cumbria

This is a list of civil parishes in the ceremonial county of Cumbria, England.
Allerdale
The whole of the borough is parished.
Barrow in Furness
The former Barrow in Furness County Borough is unparished.
Carlisle
The former Carlisle County Borough is unparished.
Copeland
The former Whitehaven Municipal Borough is unparished.
Eden
The former Penrith Urban District is unparished.
South Lakeland
The whole of the district is parished.
Related pages
List of civil parishes in England
Notes
Formerly Alston with Garrigill Rural District
Formerly Appleby Municipal Borough
Formerly Barrow in Furness County Borough
Formerly Border Rural District
Formerly Carlisle County Borough
Formerly Cockermouth Rural District
Formerly Cockermouth Urban District
Formerly Dalton in Furness Urban District
Formerly Ennerdale Rural District
Formerly Grange Urban District
Formerly Kendal Municipal Borough
Formerly Keswick Urban District
Formerly Lakes Urban District
Formerly Maryport Urban District
Formerly Millom Rural District
Formerly North Lonsdale Rural District
Formerly North Westmorland Rural District
Formerly Penrith Rural District
Formerly Penrith Urban District
Formerly Sedbergh Rural District
Formerly South Westmorland Rural District
Formerly Ulverston Urban District
Formerly Whitehaven Municipal Borough
Formerly Wigton Rural District
Formerly Windermere Urban District
Formerly Workington Municipal Borough
References
Other websites
Office for National Statistics : Geographical Area Listings
Cumbria Association of Local Councils
Cumbria
Tammy Heydenrych

Tammy Heydenrych (born 1980) is a South African water polo player.
She played at the 2009 World Aquatics Championships. and 2009 Women's Water Polo World League.
References
Other websites
South African captain Tammy Heydenrych (R) tries to score against Australian Brionwen Knox during the water-polo preliminary round Group B match Australia vs. South Africa on July 21, 2009 at the FINA World Swimming Championships in Rome. AFP PHOTO / ALBERTO PIZZOLI
1980 births
South African water polo players
Living people
Duval County, Texas

Duval County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2020, 9,831 people lived there. The county seat is San Diego.
References
Texas counties
Ustad Allah Bux

Ustad Allah Baksh (1895-1978; ) was a very well known early modern artist and painter of Pakistan. He is best known today for his depictions of rural life in the country and for subjects from Hindu and Persian mythology.Whenever Pakistan's folk culture and life will be talked about, the name of Ustad (ustad means a maestro) Allah Baksh will stand out prominently. He was the man who immortalized our rural life, and specially of the Punjab - the land where he was born in 1885 in the small town of Wazirabad, Punjab. His very near-to-life life-size paintings are full of colour, life and people that forces an onlooker to stop in his tracks and appreciate his masterly work of art. He died in October 1978. His grave can be found at Muslim Town graveyard, Lahore.
Ustad Allah Bakhsh was lucky to have found Master Abdullah, a great maestro of his own time and a master of miniature art. He started learning from his ustad at the age of five and by the age of fourteen he had become an artist of his own style. He also learnt the art of painting from Master Meeran Bakhsh Naqash, a known teacher and painter and was also the Vice Principal of the Mayo School of Arts, now the National College of Arts Lahore.
His art treasure has been preserved in the National art gallery is an exclusive corner attributed to one of the great master painters of Pakistan and Indo-Pak subcontinent. Besides, his studio where he used to spend most of his time has been converted into an academy "Allah Bux Academy" which is now serving as a learning ground for those who wants to excel in this great master's style.
Sources
1895 births
1978 deaths
Pakistani painters
Punjabi people
Ventura Highway

"Ventura Highway" is a song by the band America. It was written in 1972. It is from the band's album Homecoming. The song was written by Dewey Bunnell.
References
1972 songs
America (band) songs
Folk rock songs
Wavel Ramkalawan

Wavel Ramkalawan (born 15 March 1961) is a Seychellois politician and Anglican priest. He is the 5th and current President of Seychelles. Ramkalawan was an opposition MP from 1993 to 2011 and 2016 to 2020. He also was the Leader of the Opposition from 1998 to 2011 and 2016 to 2020.
On 25 October 2020, Ramkalawan was elected President of the Republic of Seychelles.
References
1961 births
Living people
Anglican priests
Current national leaders
Presidents of Seychelles
Alumni of the University of Birmingham
Heckler & Koch G3

The Heckler & Koch G3 is a battle rifle developed by Heckler & Koch and the Spanish state-owned design and development agency CETME. It has a 20 rounds magazine, that holds 7.62mm NATO ammunition.
It was invented in the 1950s, and was the main weapon of the German army (Bundeswehr). Now the main weapon is the G36. Many German soldiers want the old G3 back. The G3 is still in service as a sniper rifle, but they changed to the G28 for "designated marksmen".
The deign of the G3 was so influential that it was the base for making the MP5 and the PSG-1.
References
Rifles of the Cold War
7.62 mm firearms
Battle rifles
John Rose

John Williams Rose (born February 23, 1965) is an American politician and businessman. He is the U.S. Representative for Tennessee's 6th congressional district since 2019. He was the Commissioner of Agriculture of Tennessee and was president of Boson Software, LLC.
References
Other websites
Congressman John Rose official U.S. House website
John Rose for Congress
1965 births
United States representatives from Tennessee
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Businesspeople from Tennessee
Living people
Grenada at the Olympics

Grenada was first at the Olympic Games in 1984. They have been in each Summer Olympic Games since then. Grenada won its first medal at the London 2012 Olympics. Kirani James set a new national record of 43.94 seconds to win gold in the Men's 400 meters.
The Grenada Olympic Committee was formed in 1984 and recognized in the same year.
Grenada has not been in any Winter Olympic Games.
Related pages
List of IOC country codes
References
Other websites
Grenada profile at London2012.com
Grenada
Nations at the Olympics
Eugénie Le Sommer

Eugenie Anne Claudine Le Sommer (born on 18 May 1989 in Grasse, France) is a French association football midfielder/forward who currently plays for Olympique Lyonnais and the France women's national football team.
Career statistics
As of 9 May 2015
International
As of 10 June 2015
References
1989 births
Living people
French footballers
Taipei Songshan Airport

The Taipei Songshan Airport () is an airport for commercial and military in Taipei, Taiwan.
For the commercial part, the name of the airport is Taipei International Airport (). For the military part, the name is Songshan Air Force Base ().
Airports in Asia
Buildings and structures in Taiwan
Hurricane Rosa (1994)

Hurricane Rosa was the only Pacific hurricane to make landfall during the 1994 Pacific hurricane season. It killed at least 4 people in Mexico. Rosa was the 18th named storm and the 10th hurricane of the 1994 Pacific hurricane season.
Statistics
Highest Wind Speed: 1 Minute Sustained 100 mph/160 km/h
Pressure: 974mb
Damage: US$700 Million
Hurricanes in Mexico
1994
Brian Forster

Brian A. Forster (born April 14, 1960) is an American former child actor. He is best known as the second actor to play the role of Chris Partridge in the television series The Partridge Family. He replaced Jeremy Gelbwaks, when Gelbwaks left the series.
1960 births
Living people
American child actors
Gunsbach

Gunsbach is a village and commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Communes in Haut-Rhin
Lasne

Lasne is a municipality in the Belgian province of Walloon Brabant.
In 2007, 13994 people lived there.
It is at 50deg 41 North, 04deg 29 East.
References
Municipalities of Walloon Brabant
Zoology

Zoology is the science of studying animal life. It is part of biology. Animal life is classified into groups called phyla, of which there are at least thirty.
Zoologists are scientists who study animals. They may work in laboratories, or do field research. The methods are many and various. At the heart, they cover the structure, function, ecology and evolution of animals. The structure is investigated by dissection, and microscopic examination. The function is investigated by observation and experiment. Palaeontology supplies information about extinct animals. Zoologists may be employed by universities, museums, non-profit organisations, universities, or by zoos.
Short-list of zoologists
Some zoologists:
Louis Agassiz (malacology, ichthyology)
Aristotle
Henry Walter Bates
Buffon
Jennifer Clack
Charles Darwin
Theodosius Dobzhansky
Dian Fossey (primatology)
Conrad Gessner
Geoffroy
Jane Goodall (primatology)
John Gould, ornithology
Stephen Jay Gould
Ernst Haeckel
Julian Huxley
Thomas Henry Huxley
Libbie Hyman (invertebrate zoology)
William Kirby (father of entomology)
Lamarck
Louis Leakey (palaeoanthropology)
Linnaeus (father of systematics)
Konrad Lorenz (ethology)
John Maynard Smith
Fritz Muller
Richard Owen (Natural History Museum)
John Ray
E.O. Wilson, (entomology, founder of sociobiology)
Jakob van Uexkull (animal behavior, invertebrate zoology)
Alfred Russel Wallace
James Watson
August Weismann
Gilbert White
Animal phylum
List of animal phylum
Related pages
Ecology
Other websites
References
Dave Mayor

Dave Mayor was a weightlifter from USA. Mayor competed at the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was born on 21 August 1916 and died on 27 May 2002.
References
Other websites
1916 births
2002 deaths
American weightlifters
American Olympians
Sportspeople from Philadelphia
Michael O'Leary

Michael O'Leary (born 20 March 1961) is an Irish businessman. He is the Chief Executive Officer of the Ryanair Group. He has a net worth of around 800 million Euros, making him one of Ireland's richest businessmen.
Controversies
In a June 2022 the Hungarian government introduced a new tax which required airlines to pay between EUR10 and EUR25 per departing passenger. In an interview O'Leary called the tax "beyond stupid" as well as calling Hungarian economic development minister Marton Nagy an "idiot".
References
1961 births
Living people
Irish businesspeople
People from Dublin
Cnida

The cnida is the basic term for the stinging apparatus of the phylum Cnidaria. The whole life-style of the phylum is based on this device, which enables the animals to catch their prey. The cnida appears in several forms: the most usual is the nematocyst.
Cnidae are organelle-like capsules with eversible tubules (they shoot the tubule outwards). They are the diagnostic feature of the phylum. All cnidarians possess cnidae; no loss of the feature is known.
There are three main types of cnidae: nematocysts, ptychocysts, and spirocysts, with many variations. Depending on the species, one or more types may be on the organism.
Nematocyst. This is the main type, present in all Anthozoa. It is a harpoon-like structure which holds and paralyses small prey.
Ptychocyst. This puts out a sticky substance. This is used to hold on to prey, and to help make tubes for burrowing tube anemones.
Spirocyst. This is a lasso-like string that is fired at prey. It wraps around the prey.
The cell which produces the cnida is variously called a cnidocyte, cnidoblast, or nematocyte. It is highly specialised for just one function. Each nematocyte cell contains an organelle with a hollow, coiled, thread-like structure. The outside of the cell has a hair-like trigger. When the trigger is touched, the shaft of the cnidocyst fires like a harpoon. It penetrates the prey, and the hollow thread comes with it. This takes no more than a few microseconds. After penetration, the toxic content of the nematocyst is injected into the target. The rapid activity of the injected neurotoxins paralyzes the mobile prey, thus allowing the sessile cnidarian to devour it.
Kleptoplasty
Certain types of sea slugs, such as the nudibranch aeolids, store nematocysts from digested jellyfish at the tips of their cerata (body projections). It is quite common for predators to store useful plastids from their victims.
References
Cnidarians
Animal anatomy
Braggio

Braggio is a former municipality of the district of Moesa in the canton of Graubunden in Switzerland. On 1 January 2015 the former municipalities of Braggio, Arvigo, Cauco and Selma merged into the new municipality of Calanca.
Former municipalities of Graubunden
Naděžda Kavalírová

Nadezda Kavalirova (13 November 1923 - 20 January 2017) was a Czechoslovakian-born Czech physician, human rights activist and former political prisoner.
She became actively involved in the resistance to Czechoslovakia's Communist government. She later headed the Confederation of Political Prisoners (Konfederace politickych veznu Ceske republiky) from 2003 until her death in January 2017.
Kavalirova died in Pardubice, Czech Republic, on 20 January 2017, at the age of 93.
References
1923 births
2017 deaths
Czech physicians
Czech writers
Czech human rights activists
Criminals
Czechoslovak anti-communists
Bruce Laingen

Lowell Bruce Laingen (August 6, 1922 - July 15, 2019) was an American diplomat. He was the U.S. Ambassador to Malta from 1977 to 1979. He worked under the Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter presidencies. He was a World War II veteran. Laingen was best known for having been the most senior American official held hostage during the Iran hostage crisis.
He was the charge d'affaires (head of diplomatic mission) at the U.S. Embassy in Tehran at the time of the crisis. He was born in Butterfield, Minnesota.
Laingen died on July 15, 2019 at a hospital in Bethesda, Maryland of problems caused from Parkinson's disease, aged 96.
References
1922 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Disease-related deaths in Maryland
American military personnel of World War II
Ambassadors of the United States
American crime victims
Politicians from Minnesota
Military people from Minnesota
Wing

A wing is the part of an animal or airplane that allows it to fly.
Animal wings
A wing is the part of an animal that allows it to fly. By moving its wings, the animal can produce lift and get off the ground.
Animals that have wings are insects, birds and bats. Birds' wings are made of feathers. The wings of bats are made of skin, which is stretched between the bones of the bat's arms and fingers. Not all insects and birds can fly, even if they have wings.
Artificial wings
Airplanes also have wings. Those wings cannot be moved; they are stable, but the wings also produce lift, so the airplane will get off the ground if you move it fast enough.
People also talk about wings of buildings. What they mean is usually a part of the building that is separated from the rest (for example: the west wing of a building).
Basic English 850 words
Animal anatomy
Devil May Cry 5

Devil May Cry 5 is the sixth video game in the series of Devil May Cry. It was released on the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on 2019.
Gameplay
Players can play as Dante, Nero and V, each with their own movesets.
Development
The game started as sales for DmC: Devil May Cry weren't good enough.
Special Edition
For 2020, the game has a Special Edition that allows Vergil as a playable character as well as next-generation console upgrades.
Reception
The game was well-liked and considered one of the best Devil May Cry games as well as a return to form.
2019 video games
Devil May Cry
PlayStation 4 games
PlayStation 5 games
Xbox One games
Xbox Series X and Series S games