pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Chloroplast

A chloroplast is a small organelle inside the cells of plants and algae. They absorb light to make sugar in a process called photosynthesis. The sugar can be stored in the form of starch.
Chloroplasts contain the molecule chlorophyll, which absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis. In addition to chlorophyll, a chloroplast uses carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) to form sugar and gives off oxygen (O2).
Chlorophyll is what gives green plants their green colour. Chloroplasts also contain various yellow and orange pigments to assist in photon capture for photosynthesis.
Structure
Each chloroplast is surrounded by a double walled semi-permeable membrane. These are collectively known as peristromia. In the layered stacks are flat disk-shaped thylakoids. They contain light-absorbing pigments, including chlorophyll and carotenoids, as well as proteins which bind the pigments. Like mitochondria, chloroplasts also contain their own DNA and ribosomes.
Evolution
Chloroplasts are one of the many different types of organelles in the cell. They may have originated as endosymbiotic cyanobacteria. This was suggested by Konstantin Mereschkowski in 1905, after an observation by Schimper in 1883 that chloroplasts closely resembled cyanobacteria.
Almost all chloroplasts are thought to derive directly or indirectly from a single endosymbiotic event.
Mitochondria also had a similar origin, but chloroplasts are found only in plants and protists. In green plants, chloroplasts are surrounded by two lipid-bilayer membranes. They may be the outer and inner membranes of the ancestral cyanobacterium. Chloroplasts have their own genome, much smaller than that of free-living cyanobacteria. The DNA which remains shows clear similarities with the cyanobacterial genome.
Plastids may contain 60-100 genes whereas cyanobacteria often contain more than 1500 genes. Many of the missing genes are encoded in the nuclear genome of the host.
In some algae (such as the heterokonts), chloroplasts seem to have evolved through a secondary event of endosymbiosis, in which a eukaryotic cell engulfed a second eukaryotic cell containing chloroplasts. This formed chloroplasts with three or four membrane layers. In some cases, such secondary endosymbionts may have themselves been engulfed by still other eukaryotes, so forming tertiary endosymbionts. In the alga Chlorella, there is only one chloroplast, which is bell-shaped.
In some groups of mixotrophic protists such as the dinoflagellates and some sea slugs, chloroplasts are separated from a captured alga or diatom and used temporarily. These klepto (stolen) chloroplasts may only have a lifetime of a few days and are then replaced.
References
Organelles
Sirloin steak

Sirloin steak is a type of meat cut. In the United States, this cut is usually above the tenderloin. The U.K. type is usually the upper middle part of the cattle.
Preparation
Like most steaks, the Sirloin steak can be cooked with different methods.
References
Cuts of beef
Amanda

Amanda [ uh-man-duh ] is a female given name. It comes from Latin language. The name means "she who must be loved" or "worthy of love". The name Amanda first appeared in 1212 in birth records from England. It was not until around the 1700s that the name became popular. This name became very popular in the United States starting in the 1930s. The name was especially popular in the United States starting in 1978 and ending in 1992. In 2009 the name was ranked at 166. Famous people with the name include Amanda Bynes, Amanda Seyfried and Amanda Blake. This name was ranked #475 on the US Popular Names in 2021.
People
Amanda Barrie (born 1935), British actress
Amanda Blake (1929-1989), American actress who played Miss Kitty on Gunsmoke
Amanda Carter (born 1964), Australian wheelchair basketball player
Amanda Crew (born 1986), Canadian actress
Amanda Donohoe (born 1962), British actress
Amanda Forsyth (born 1966), Canadian cellist
Amanda Holden (born 1971), British actress
Amanda Lang (born 1970), Canadian journalist and senior business correspondent for CBC News
Amanda Marshall (born 1972), a Canadian singer and musician
Amanda Vanstone (born 1952), former Australian politician, former ambassador to Italy
Places
Amanda Bay, Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica
Amanda, Ohio
Astronomy
725 Amanda, an asteroid
Other
Amanda (gastropod), a member of the nudibranch family Facelinidae
Operation Amanda, a 1994 United Nations Protection Force mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina
References
Vianden

Vianden () is a commune with city status in north-eastern Luxembourg, capital of the canton Vianden.
History
The name of the town of Vianden is derived from the Gallic word vien which means "rocky". Already in the year 1256, Vianden is cited as a city, but it is only since 1308 that legally holds the title of city.
Geography
The commune is in the Oesling, a region within the greater Ardennes area. Vianden is in the valley of the river Our, a tributary of the Sauer river, near the border between Luxembourg and Germany.
It has an area of . The altitude is high. At the church, the altitude is high.
Vianden is surrounded by two communes of Luxembourg: Tandel to the south and west; and Putscheid to the northwest. To the north, west and southwest, Vianden borders with four municipalities of the Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prum district of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate: Waldhof-Falkenstein and Bauler to the north, Korperich to the east and Roth an der Our to the southeast.
Population
There were 2,008 persons living in the commune in 2017, for a population density of inhabitants/km2.
Evolution of the population in Vianden
Places of interest
Some historic buildings in the commune are:
The Vianden Castle (, German: Burg Vianden, ) is one of the largest fortified castles west of the Rhine river. With origins dating from the 10th century, the castle was built in the Romanesque style from the 11th to 14th centuries.
The Church of the Trinitarians, built in 1248 with its Gothic cloister.
The City Hall, built in 1679.
The St. Nicolas Church, built in the thirteenth century.
People from or related to Vianden
Yolanda of Vianden, (1231-83), youngest daughter of Count Henry I, who joined the Convent of Marienthal.
Victor Hugo (1802-85), the famous French author, who stayed in Vianden on several occasions between 1862 and 1871.
Edmond de la Fontaine (1823-91) otherwise known as Dicks, Luxembourg's national poet, who also wrote Vianden's first travel guide.
Rene Engelmann (1880-1915), a linguist and novelist, who established the basic grammar of the Luxembourgish dialect, later to become a national language.
Twin towns
Vianden is twinned with:
Compiegne, France.
Gallery
Related pages
Cantons of Luxembourg
Communes of Luxembourg
List of cities in Luxembourg
References
Other websites
Official website
Vianden Castle
Communes of Luxembourg
Flood control

Flood control is a term to refer to measures that protect settlements, people and property against flooding. Such measures include building dams, levees and weirs. People also move away from floodplains where flooding is frequent.
Although it may be impossible to prevent flooding, there are a number of methods you can carry out to stop the water coming into your home or working environment. Simply follow these steps:
Set up flood-barriers
Have flood doors and windows installed if necessary
Set up prevention and reaction solutions
Gallery
References
2018 Ontario general election

The 2018 Ontario general election was held on June 7, 2018. Doug Ford's Progressive Conservative Party won a majority of seats, and Andrea Horwath's New Democratic Party formed the opposition.
References
2018 in Canada
General elections in Canada
2010s elections in Canada
Khokhar

The Khokhar are an indigenous tribal community from Punjab region of Pakistan who are classified as Jats with a high social status. It is certain that Khokhars follow Islam and are predominantly Muslims.
According to the medieval history, the Khokhars mostly lived in the Salt Range in the Northern Punjab and they have been a very dominant landowning tribe.
Khokhars are one of the "Blood proud" tribes as they hold a high social status and are classified as a higher or upper caste.
Khokhars were the most powerful and influential tribe of Punjab from 13th to 15th century.
Ethnic groups in Pakistan
Pakistani tribes
HMS Warrior (1860)

HMS Warrior was the first battleship with a hull made of iron. It was built in response to the French ironclad warship Gloire. It is in Portsmouth, England with the HMS Victory and the remains of the Mary Rose, a ship belonging to Henry VIII of England.
Other websites
HMS Warrior website
StVincent.ac.uk
Warrior
Portsmouth
WFMU

WFMU is a listener-supported, radio station based in Jersey City, New Jersey, United States. It uses a freeform radio program format. This means each personality or disc jockey who goes on the air, gets to decide what music to play. WFMU is the longest-running freeform radio station in the U.S.
Other websites
Official Homepage The official site of WFMU.
Jersey City, New Jersey
Radio stations in New York City
1958 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in New Jersey
James Sloyan

James Sloyan (born February 20, 1940 in Indianapolis, Indiana) is an American actor. He has acted in the television shows Star Trek and Hawaii 5-O. He acted in the movie The Sting. He has also acted in soap operas.
Sloyan is married and has two children, Daniel and Samantha. In 1957, he received a scholarship to the American Academy of Dramatic Arts. He is married to actress Deirdre Lanihan.
1940 births
Living people
Actors from Indianapolis
American television actors
Douglas Southern Electric Tramway

Douglas Southern Electric Tramway was a standard gauge tramway which ran from the top of Douglas Head on the Isle of Man to the nearby resort of Port Soderick atop the cliffs via a number of spectacular viaducts and bridges.
References
Isle of Man
Rail transport in Europe
Meix-devant-Virton

Meix-devant-Virton is a municipality in the Belgian province of Luxembourg.
In 2007, 2675 people lived there.
It is at .
References
Municipalities of Luxembourg (Belgium)
John Byron (British Army officer)

Captain John Byron (7 February 1756 - 2 August 1791) was a British Army officer and writer, best known as the father of poet Lord Byron.
Byron was the son of Vice-Admiral The Hon. John Byron and Sophia Trevanion and grandson of William Byron, 4th Baron Byron of Rochdale. He was educated atWestminster School. He gained the rank of Captain in the Coldstream Guards. Captain John Byron also went by the nickname of "Mad Jack."
In 1778 he eloped with Amelia Osborne, Marchioness of Carmarthen, daughter ofRobert Darcy, 4th Earl of Holderness, to Europe and they married after she obtained a divorce from her husband the Marquess of Carmarthen, who in 1789 became Francis Osborne, 5th Duke of Leeds. They married on 1 June 1779 at London, England, and had a daughter, Augusta Maria Byron. Amelia Osborne died in 1784.
Byron then married Catherine Gordon, heiress of Gight in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, daughter of George Gordon and Catherine Innes, on 12 May 1785. She was the mother of George Gordon Byron, who would early in his life become the 6th Baron Byron. In order to claim his wife's estate in Scotland, Captain Byron took the surname Gordon.After he had squandered most of her fortune and deserted her, Mrs. Byron took her infant son to Aberdeen, Scotland, where they lived in lodgings on a meager income.
"Mad Jack" died in 1791 at age 35, at Valenciennes. Later, Lord Byron would tell friends that his father had cut his own throat. It is more likely he died from tuberculosis or an overdose.
1756 births
1791 deaths
British Army officers
Armand Hammer United World College of the American West

Armand Hammer United World College of the American West (UWC-USA) is an independent boarding school for students in high school in Montezuma, New Mexico, USA. UWC-USA was opened in 1982. Classes take place in a historic hotel and students live in buildings nearby. It is branch of an international school called United World College. UWC-USA is a high school that focuses on active learning and a worldwide community. People from all over the world study at this college. There are 200 students at the school in grades 11 and 12.
Related pages
New Mexico
Colleges and universities in New Mexico
United World College of South East Asia
References
Other websites
UWC-USA's official website
United World Colleges homepage
Colleges and universities in New Mexico
1982 establishments in the United States
Chuck Lorre Productions

Chuck Lorre Productions is a production company mainly used on television series, created by Chuck Lorre.
Filmography
Television
American entertainment companies
Torchiarolo

Torchiarolo is a comune in the Province of Brindisi in the Italian region of Apulia.
References
Settlements in Apulia
Florian Schneider

Florian Schneider-Esleben (7 April 1947 21 April 2020) was a German electronic singer and musician. He was best known as one of the founding members of the electronic band Kraftwerk. He was born in present-day Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany.
David Bowie named a song after Schneider in 1977. Schneider retired in 2008, but then came back in 2014 then officially retiring a year later.
Schneider died from cancer on 21 April 2020 in Dusseldorf at the age of 73.
References
1947 births
2020 deaths
Cancer deaths in Germany
German pop singers
German guitarists
German violinists
German saxophonists
German pianists
German drummers
German pop musicians
Electronic musicians
People from Baden-Wurttemberg
Sherman, South Dakota

Sherman is a town in the far eastern part of the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is located in Minnehaha County, and 78 people lived there at the 2010 census. Sherman became a town in 1888.
References
Towns in South Dakota
1888 establishments in the United States
1880s establishments in Dakota Territory
Peter I of Portugal

Peter I (, ; 8 April 1320 - 18 January 1367), called the Just (o Justo) or the Cruel (o Cruel), was King of Portugal from 1357 until his death.
References
1320 births
1367 deaths
Kings and Queens of Portugal
Volkswagen Golf Mk7

The Volkswagen Golf Mk7 is the seventh generation of the compact car Volkswagen Golf. It succeeded the Mk6 in 2009.
Models
2 door GTI
4 door GTI
4 door TDI
4 door SportWagen
4 door R
4 door base
2 door base
4 door eGolf
References
Volkswagen Golf
Sedalia, Missouri

Sedalia is a city in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is in the west-central area of the state. It is the county seat of Pettis County, Missouri.
Sedalia is where the Missouri State Fair takes place every year.
At the 2010 census, 21,387 people lived in the city.
Cities in Missouri
County seats in Missouri
Sun Records

Sun Records is a record label started on March 27, 1952 by Sam Phillips. It is in Memphis, Tennessee. It is where singers like Elvis Presley, Johnny Cash, Roy Orbison, Jerry Lee Lewis, and Carl Perkins started their singing careers. It is a rhythm and blues label. Today, it is a historical museum.
Elvis Presley
Viktor Kulikov

Viktor Kulikov (July 5, 1921 - May 28, 2013 in Moscow) was a Marshal of the Soviet Union and commander-in-chief of the Warsaw Pact from 1977 until 1989.
Kulikov first served in the military during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945). After that, he was given the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
In 1983, he was honored with the Lenin Prize.
1921 births
2013 deaths
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Soviet generals
Soviet military personnel of World War II
Marshals of the Soviet Union
Italic

Italic script and type has a long history. It was based on handwriting.
Ludovico Vicentino degli Arrighi (1475-1527) was a papal scribe and type designer in Renaissance Italy. Present day cursive writing style known as "italic" is based upon the style he developed. It has been said that the style of cursive known as "italic" got its name from this Italian designer. Modern day scribes, also known as "calligraphers", study the work of Arrighi to learn the structure of the style of writing known as "italic" , a modernized version of the Chancery hand which was first perfected by Roman scribes in the early part of the sixteenth century.
In typography, italic type is a cursive font based on a kind of calligraphic handwriting. Such letters normally slant slightly to the right.
In modern texts, Italics can emphasise key points in a printed text. One manual of English usage described italics as "the print equivalent of underlining".
Calligraphy-inspired typefaces were first designed in Italy, to replace documents written in a handwriting style called chancery hand. As the illustration shows, there were flourishes copied from calligraphy. An alternative is oblique type: the type is slanted but the letterforms do not change shape: this less elaborate approach is used by many sans-serif typefaces.
Usage on the web
Using italic is usually used as a place holder for a blank piece of information.
There are different ways in making a text italic.
HTML
In HTML, the editor can add the <i> and the </i> tags to make text surrounded by these tags italic.
Wikitext
In Wikitext, the editor can just add two apostrophes ('') around the text to become italic.
Related pages
Bold
Underlined
References
Typography
Writing
Reuleaux triangle

A Reuleaux triangle is a shape made when three circles cross. It looks like a triangle with round sides and pointed corners.
To make one, first draw two dots. Then put a compass on the two dots and draw a circle. Do the same thing again, this time with the other dot as the middle of the circle. Choose either the top or bottom points of the connecting circles as a new center, using the two drawn dots as the edge, and draw the third circle.
If a is how wide the Reuleaux triangle is, the area is . The perimeter is .
A Reuleaux polygon is a shape like the Reuleaux triangle with an odd number of sides.
A Reuleaux tetrahedron is made when four spheres cross. It looks like a Reuleaux triangle as a pyramid with three sides at the bottom.
Polygons
Fontenay-sous-Bois

Fontenay-sous-Bois is a commune. It is in the Val-de-Marne department in France.
Communes in Val-de-Marne
Willem de Kooning

Willem de Kooning (April 24, 1904 - March 19, 1997) was a Dutch-American abstract expressionist artist.
He was born in Rotterdam and moved to the United States in 1926. He became an American citizen in 1962. In 1943, he married painter Elaine Fried.
De Kooning's first paintings were of men and women. By 1948, he had a show of black and white abstractions. By 1950 he was connected to the New York School of painters.
By the 1950s, de Kooning was famous and successful. Some of his followers were the American painters Michael Goldberg, Alfred Leslie, Grace Hartigan, and Joan Mitchell.
References
1904 births
1997 deaths
American painters
Francis Slay

Francis Gerard Slay (born March 18, 1955) is an American politician and lawyer. He was the 45th Mayor of St. Louis, Missouri from 2001 to 2017. Slay is the longest-serving mayor in St. Louis history. His fourth term started in April 2013. He announced on April 8, 2016 that he would not seek another term as mayor. He is registered in the Democratic Party.
References
1955 births
Living people
Lawyers from St. Louis, Missouri
Mayors of St. Louis
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Hinche

Hinche (Kreyol: Ench) is a city in the centre of Haiti. It is the capital city of the Centre Departement.
The city is in the region called Plateau Central about northeast of Port-au-Prince. It is also the chief town of an arrondissement (a part of a department) with the same name. The arrondissement has four communes (a commune is like a municipality): Hinche, Cerca-Cavajal (Kreyol: Seka Kavajal), Maissade (Kreyol: Mayisad) and Thomonde (Kreyol: Tomonn).
Geography
Hinche is on the southern limit of the Plateau Central, a long valley between the Massif du Nord, to the north, and the Montagne Noire, to the south.
The city is on the right side of the River Guayamouc, a tributary of the River Artibonite.
History
The city was founded in 1704 with families that came from the Canary Islands; it took the Taino name of the region: Hincha. The French people changed the name to Hinche but in Spanish it is still Hincha. At that moment, the region was part of the Spanish colony of Santo Domingo (now the Dominican Republic).
After the Haitian Revolution, in the early 19th century, this region became part of the new Republic of Haiti but the Dominican Republic accepted the transfer of the region to Haiti only in 1929.
Attractions
Bassin Zim, to the east of Hinche, is a beautiful 20 m waterfall, a 30-minute drive from town.
In the city you will also find the Cathedrale de Sacre-Coeur ("Sacred Heart Cathedral").
Media
Radio
Radio Seven Stars
Radio Super Continentale
Radyo Leve Kanpe
Radyo Vwa Peyizan
Radio Quotidien FM
Radio Immaculee Conception
Radio MEN FM
Television
Tele Smart
Tele Connection
Tele Seven Stars
Tele MEN
Born in Hinche
1801: Pedro Santana, the first president of the Dominican Republic
1886: Charlemagne Peralte, who fought against the occupation of Haiti by the United States
References
Other websites
Haiti Reference: Profil de la Ville de Hinche - Information on Hinche
Cities in Haiti
1700s establishments in North America
18th-century establishments in the Spanish Empire
1704 establishments
Latonia Lakes, Kentucky

Latonia Lakes is an unincorporated community and former city in Kenton County, Kentucky in the United States. It was officially dissolved as a city on December 16, 2006.
References
Kenton County, Kentucky
Unincorporated communities in Kentucky
Pike County, Arkansas

Pike County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,171. The county seat is Murfreesboro. It was founded on November 1, 1833.
References
1833 establishments in Arkansas Territory
Arkansas counties
Frazer Hines

Frazer Hines (born 22 September 1944) is an English actor. He is best known for his roles as Jamie McCrimmon in Doctor Who and Joe Sugden in Emmerdale. Hines appeared in 117 episodes of the original series of Doctor Who; only the first four Doctors appeared in more episodes. He was born in Horsforth, West Riding of Yorkshire.
References
Other websites
1944 births
Living people
English movie actors
English television actors
English voice actors
English stage actors
Actors from Yorkshire
Culinary name

Culinary name is the name of an ingredient when used in the kitchen for preparing food. Sometimes the kitchen name is used because it sounds more attractive than the real name, or because a cheaper ingredient can be linked with a more expensive one. The culinary name may also refer to a way of cooking or to a region, or using a particular ingredient
Examples
Sweetbreads, used because it sounds nicer than thymus or pancreas.
Lumpfish caviar, used give lumpfish eggs the sound of the more expensive sturgeon caviar.
Cassia bark is a cheaper substitute, but is called cinnamon in North America.
Florentine, meaning from the region of Florence, means the dish will include spinach.
Cooking
US Triestina Calcio 1918

U.S. Triestina Calcio is a football club which plays in Italy.
The club formed from a merger of two clubs ; CS Ponziana and FBC Trieste in 1918.
Italian football clubs
Trieste
1918 establishments in Europe
1910s establishments in Italy
Pipa

The pipa () is a four-stringed Chinese musical instrument, belonging to the plucked category of instruments (Dan Bo Le Qi /Dan Bo Le Qi ).
Books
New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell (London, 2001).
Other websites
"Kishibe's diffusionism theory on the Iranian Barbat and Chino-Japanese Pi' Pa'," from The Shayda Institute-Iranian Classical Music site
An article on the historical development of pipa
The Pipa on the Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Pipa Performance by Gifted Musician in United States
Chinese music
Syphon

The word syphon (, also spelled siphon) can refer to any device that conducts the flow of liquids through tubes. Used in the right way, the word refers to a tube in an upside-down U shape. The tube makes liquid flow up hill. It flows higher than the source of the liquid, to come out at a level lower than the surface of the source. The movement is done without pumps. It is powered by the fall of the liquid as it flows down the tube under the pull of gravity.
The syphon must touch the liquid in the (upper) reservoir (the source, where the liquid comes from) in order for it to work. This allows atmospheric pressure to push the liquid up the tube. The top of the tube is where the lowest pressure is, so the liquid will move towards that area in the same way as a barometer. The top of a syphon is the same as the height of a barometer, because they work in the same way. The lower pressure is caused by the liquid falling on the downhill side. A syphon can raise water to a height of 25 feet above the source elevation. New discoveries in Syphon Pump Metering allows for dispensing liquid above the source. United States Patent #5,358,000 was the first to teach this method.
A siphon can be used for irrigation purposes.
When both ends of a syphon are at atmospheric pressure (equal pressure), liquid flows from high to low. However, if the lower end is pressurised, liquid can flow from low to high. Most syphons have water as a fluid. Other fluids, such as mercury, or organic liquids or even gasses like carbon dioxide can also be syphoned.
References
Fluid mechanics
Tools
Olympus

Mount Olympus (; also transliterated as Olympos, and on Greek maps, Oros Olimbos) is the highest mountain in Greece. It is high. Since its base is at sea level, it is one of the highest mountains in Europe in terms of topographic prominence, the relative altitude from base to top.
In Greek mythology the mountain was regarded as the "Home of the Gods", specifically of the Dodekatheon, the twelve principal gods of the ancient Hellenistic world.
References
Other websites
Revisiting the determination of Mount Olympus Height (Greece)
Mount Olympus
Greek Mountain Flora
Biosphere reserves
Balkan Mountains
Mountains of Greece
Greek mythology
Leandro Cufré

Leandro Cufre (born 9 May 1978) is an Argentine football player. He has played for Argentina national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1996/97||rowspan="6"|Gimnasia y Esgrima La Plata||rowspan="6"|Primera Division||11||0
|-
|1997/98||25||0
|-
|1998/99||25||0
|-
|1999/00||33||2
|-
|2000/01||36||2
|-
|2001/02||2||0
|-
|2002/03||Roma||Serie A||8||0
|-
|2003/04||Siena||Serie A||31||0
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Roma||rowspan="2"|Serie A||32||0
|-
|2005/06||28||1
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="3"|Monaco||rowspan="3"|Ligue 1||20||0
|-
|2007/08||25||1
|-
|2008/09||15||3
|-
|2008/09||Hertha Berlin||Bundesliga||5||0
|-
|2009/10||Dinamo Zagreb||Prva HNL||||
132||4
99||1
60||4
5||0
0||0
296||9
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2000||1||0
|-
|2001||0||0
|-
|2002||0||0
|-
|2003||0||0
|-
|2004||0||0
|-
|2005||1||0
|-
|2006||2||0
|-
!Total||4||0
|}
References
1978 births
Living people
Argentine footballers
Burma Victory

Burma Victory is a 1946 British documentary movie directed by Roy Boulting about the Burma Campaign during the World War II.
Other websites
Burma Victory at IMDb
1946 movies
Documentary movies
British movies
Movies directed by Roy Boulting
Höchstadt

Hochstadt an der Aisch, commonly known as Hochstadt (), is a town in the Erlangen-Hochstadt district, in Bavaria, Germany.
Geography
Hochstadt is on the river Aisch, 18 km northwest of Erlangen and 22 km south of Bamberg. Originally it was the capital of the Hochstadt district, but then it became part of the new Erlangen-Hochstadt district.
Division of the town
The town consists of 23 districts:
Other websites
Webcam of a storks' nest
References
Erlangen-Hochstadt
Chandler, Western Australia

Chandler is a rural place between Merredin and Mukinbudin in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia.
The town was started to support the nearby alunite (a source of potash) mine at nearby Lake Campion. The mine was a state government project with government employees. A potash works was built in the town in 1943.
After World War II, the government closed down the plant. Australian Plaster Industries started production of gypsum in 1949 that is used to make plaster of paris and plasterboard. Then, the town grew and had two main streets, over 70 houses, a telephone exchange, a school, and powerhouse. Production stopped in 1952. The whole town was sold off in 1953.
The town was named after Mr J Chandler, a farmer, who had discovered the alunite deposits.
References
Western Australia
Ghost towns in Australia
Avoca, Iowa

Avoca is a city in Pottawattamie County, Iowa, United States. In 2010, 1,506 people lived there.
History
Avoca was created in 1869 when the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad built a railroad near the area. It is named after Avoca in Ireland. It quickly became a regional service center for the nearby farms.
Geography
Avoca is at (41.4790, -95.3373). The city is between the West Nishnabotna River and its East Branch.
The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.
People
2010 census
In 2010, there were 1,506 people, 662 households, and 436 families living in the Avoca. 98.8% of the people were White, 0.2% African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 0.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.9% of the people.
The median age in the city was 43.2 years old. 48.9% of the people were male, and 51.1% of the people were female.
Education
The community is served by the AHSTW Community School District. It used to be in the Hancock-Avoca Community School District until July 1, 1996. This was when the district merged into the A-H-S-T Community School District. In turn, that merged into AHSTW on July 1, 2016.
Famous People
Richard Beymer (born 1938), the actor best known as Tony, the lead role in West Side Story
Johnny Carson, the television comedian, lived in Avoca as a child until his family moved to Norfolk, Nebraska in 1936.
Edwin T. Meredith (1876-1928), Secretary of Agriculture under president Woodrow Wilson
Richard C. Turner (1927-1986), Iowa lawyer and politician, was born in Avoca.
References
Other websites
City of Avoca, Iowa
The Pottawattamie County Genealogical Society
Roadside America- Avoca Spider Bug
Farmall- Land Tractor Museum
City Data Comprehensive Statistical Data and more about Avoca
Cities in Iowa
19th-century establishments in Iowa
1869 establishments in the United States
Yasuhide Ihara

Yasuhide Ihara (born 8 March 1973) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1990/91||rowspan="4"|NKK||JSL Division 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1991/92||JSL Division 2||2||0||||||1||0||3||0
|-
|1992||rowspan="2"|Football League||||||||||||||||
|-
|1993||17||2||1||0||colspan="2"|-||18||2
|-
|1994||rowspan="4"|Kyoto Purple Sanga||rowspan="2"|Football League||26||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||29||0
|-
|1995||19||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||20||0
|-
|1996||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||16||0||3||0||8||0||27||0
|-
|1997||12||0||0||0||5||0||17||0
|-
|1998||rowspan="3"|Sagan Tosu||Football League||27||3||3||0||colspan="2"|-||30||3
|-
|1999||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||26||0||3||0||1||0||30||0
|-
|2000||26||2||2||0||2||0||30||0
|-
|2001||rowspan="3"|Shonan Bellmare||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||32||2||2||0||1||0||35||2
|-
|2002||22||1||4||0||colspan="2"|-||26||1
|-
|2003||18||2||3||0||colspan="2"|-||21||2
243||12||25||0||18||0||286||12
243||12||25||0||18||0||286||12
|}
References
1973 births
Living people
Footballers from Saga Prefecture
1461

Events
February 2 - Battle of Mortimer's Cross - Yorkist troops led by Edward, Duke of York defeat Lancastrians under Owen Tudor and his son Jasper Tudor, Earl of Pembroke in Wales.
February 17 - Second Battle of St Albans - The Earl of Warwick's army is defeated by a Lancastrian force under Queen Margaret, who recovers control of her husband.
March 4 - The Duke of York seizes London and proclaims himself King Edward IV of England
March 29 - Battle of Towton - Edward IV defeats Queen Margaret to make good his claim to the English throne. Thought to be the bloodiest battle ever fought in England.
Edward, Richard of York's son, crowned as Edward IV, King of England (reigns until 1483)
August 15 - The Empire of Trebizond, the last major Romano-Greek outpost falls to the Ottoman Empire under Mehmed II after a siege of 21 days.
Louis XI of France succeeds Charles VII of France as king (reigns until 1483)
Leonardo da Vinci and Sandro Botticelli become students of Verrocchio
Sarajevo, capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina, is founded by the Ottomans
Francois Villon: Le Grand Testament
Donatello: Judith and Holofernes
Elmer Lach

Elmer James Lach (January 22, 1918 - April 4, 2015) was a Canadian professional ice hockey center. He played 14 seasons for the Montreal Canadiens in the National Hockey League.
Lach retired in 1954 as the league's all-time leading scorer, having played 664 regular season games, scoring 215 goals and 408 assists for 623 points, as well as 76 postseason games, where he scored 19 goals and 45 assists for 64 points. He was soon elected in the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1966.
Lach was born on January 22, 1918 in Nokomis, Saskatchewan. He was raised in Regina, Saskatchewan. Lach died of a stroke in Pointe-Claire, Quebec, aged 97.
References
Other websites
1918 births
2015 deaths
Art Ross Trophy winners
Canadian ice hockey centres
Deaths from stroke
Hart Memorial Trophy winners
Ice hockey people from Saskatchewan
Montreal Canadiens players
Sportspeople from Regina, Saskatchewan
Zellberg

Zellberg is a municipality of the district of Schwaz in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Tyrol (state)
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23

MiG-23 Flogger is a Soviet interceptor-fighter aircraft. It first entered the Soviet Air Force in 1970. This is the first MiG that has variable geometry swing-wings, meaning that you can control the wings to be at a certain angle. The MiG-23 was a replacement for the MiG-21. It was used by Iraq in the Iran-Iraq War, the Kuwait Invasion, and the Gulf War. Today, it is still used, but not as much as other modern jets.
References
Soviet military aircraft
Dorothea Puente

Dorothea Puente (9 January, 1929 -- 27 March, 2011) was an American murderer. She was sent to prison for killing three people at her home in Sacramento, California. Puente ran a boarding house where old people, people with a disability or mental illness were able to live. A social worker thought something was wrong after a mentally disabled person disappeared from her home. When the police searched the house they found seven bodies buried in the yard. Another two bodies were found in a trash cane down lane 241 according to the new information Sacramento River. She killed people with drugs and stole their money. She had taken more than $87,000 from people she had murdered.
Puente had a hard life; her father was an alcoholic and her mother a prostitute. She was placed in an orphanage as a young child where she was sexually abused. She married at 16 years of age and had two children who were both later adopted. At 19 her husband died and she was sent to prison for fraud. She was sent to prison for using drugs to steal from old people. Puente said all the victims died from natural causes. She did not tell anyone they had died because she had only been let out of prison on the condition that she did not look after old people.
The jury found her guilty of three murders. She died from natural causes while still a prisoner at the Central California Women's Facility in Chowchilla.
References
1929 births
2011 deaths
American prisoners
American serial killers
People from Sacramento, California
Criminals from California
Ken Robinson

Sir Kenneth Robinson (4 March 1950 - 21 August 2020) was a British author, speaker and international advisor. His works focused on education in the arts to government, non-profits, education and arts bodies.
He was Director of the Arts in Schools Project (1985-89) and Professor of Arts Education at the University of Warwick (1989-2001). He was named Professor Emeritus after leaving the university. In 2003 he was knighted for services to the arts.
Robinson died of cancer on 21 August 2020 at the age of 70.
References
1950 births
2020 deaths
British educators
British activists
Writers from Liverpool
Deaths from cancer
Surah Al-Isra

Surah Al-Isra (, ; The Night Journey) is the 17th chapter (surah) of the Quran, with 111 verses (ayat).
References
Other websites
Quran 17 Clear Quran translation
Q17:104, 50+ translations, islamawakened.com
Chapters in the Quran
Thomas J. Perkins

Thomas James Perkins (January 7, 1932 - June 7, 2016) was an American businessman and capitalist. He was one of the founders of venture capital firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers.
Perkins died June 7, 2016 after a long-illness at his home in Marin County, California, aged 84.
References
1932 births
2016 deaths
Disease-related deaths in California
Businesspeople from New York (state)
Businesspeople from California
Héctor Elizondo

Hector Elizondo (born December 22, 1936) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Bernard Thompson in Pretty Woman, Jon Flint in Beverly Hills Cop III, Joe in The Princess Diaries and The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement and as Dr. Phillip Watters in Chicago Hope. He won an Emmy Award in 1997. Recently, he has voiced Commissioner James Gordon in The Lego Batman Movie (2017). Since 2011, he has played Ed Alzate on the sitcom Last Man Standing.
Elizondo was born on December 22, 1936 in New York City, New York. He studied at High School of Performing Arts and at City College of New York. He has been married to Carolee Campbell since 1969. He has one child.
References
Other websites
1936 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from New York City
Emmy Award winning actors
Spirit Untamed

Spirit Untamed is a 2021 American computer-animated adventure movie produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by Universal Pictures. The movie is directed by Elaine Bogan and co-directed by Ennio Torresan Jr. (in their feature directorial debuts), from a screenplay written by Aury Wallington and Kristin Hahn, making this the second theatrical movie release of the Spirit franchise and is both a spin-off and a stand-alone sequel/reboot of the traditionally animated Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron (2002) and loosely based on the characters from its Netflix animated spin-off television series Spirit Riding Free, developed by Wallington.
It stars Isabela Merced, Jake Gyllenhaal, Marsai Martin, Mckenna Grace, Julianne Moore, Walton Goggins, and Andre Braugher, and follows a young girl named Fortuna "Lucky" Prescott who moves to the small rural community of Miradero, where she meets the titular wild kiger mustang. As the son of Spirit and Rain from Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron, she names the horse "Spirit" after his father, and Lucky immediately begins to bond with him. The movie was announced to be in development in October 2019, and production was done remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic. The movie was dedicated to the memory of Kelly Asbury, the co-director of the original Spirit film, who born on January 15, 1960 and who died on June 26, 2020.
Spirit Untamed was theatrically released in the United States on June 4, 2021. The movie received mixed reviews from critics who deemed the movie inferior to the original and unnecessary. The movie was a box-office bomb after grossing $42 million worldwide against a budget of $30 million.
Cast
Isabela Merced as Fortuna Esperanza "Lucky" Navarro-Prescott, Milagro and Jim's daughter, Cora's niece, and Pru and Abigail's friend.
Bridget Hoffman voices Lucky as an infant.
Marsai Martin as Prudence "Pru" Granger, one of Abigail and Lucky's friends and Al's daughter.
Mckenna Grace as Abigail Stone, one of Pru and Lucky's friends, and Snips' sister.
Walton Goggins as Hendricks, the leader of a gang of horse wranglers.
Andre Braugher as Al Granger, Pru's father.
Julianne Moore as Cora Prescott, Lucky's aunt, and Jim's older sister.
Jake Gyllenhaal as James "Jim" Prescott, Lucky's widowed father and Cora's younger brother.
Eiza Gonzalez as Milagro Navarro-Prescott, a famous horse rider and Lucky's late mother.
Lucian Perez as Snips Stone, Abigail's younger brother.
Joe Hart as James Prescott Sr., Lucky's grandfather
Alejandra Blengio as Valentina
Gino Montesinos as Wrangler/Rodeo Cowboy
Jerry Clarke as Wrangler/Llama Cowboy
Lew Temple as Wrangler/Conductor
Gary Anthony Williams as Wrangler
Renie Rivas as Lady with Dog
Horse vocals are provided by Gary Hecker
References
American family movies
DreamWorks Animation movies
American sequel movies
2020s English-language movies
2021 adventure movies
2021 animated movies
3D movies
American adventure movies
American Western (genre) movies
Comedy movies
Computer-animated movies
DreamWorks Pictures movies
Movie spin-offs
Movies about families
Movies about horses
Movies based on TV series
Movies set in Oregon
Movies set in Texas
Naves, Allier

Naves is a commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
Raipur

Raipur is the capital city of the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. The state of Chhatisgarh was formed on 1 November 2000. Before this, Raipur was in the state of Madhya Pradesh.
In this city, many types of rice are grown. So, this city is also called the "rice bowl of India".
References
Cities in Chhattisgarh
Lloyd Bochner

[[File:Rod Taylor Lloyd Bochner Hong Kong 1961 (cropped).JPG|thumb|right|Bochner in Hong Kong, 1961]]
Lloyd Wolfe Bochner (July 29, 1924 - October 29, 2005) was a Canadian movie, television, stage, and voice actor. He is known for his television role as Chief Inspector Neil Campbell in Hong Kong and as the voice of Gotham City's Mayor Hamilton Hill in Batman: The Animated Series and in The New Batman Adventures''. He won an ACTRA Award in 2004.
Bochner was born on July 29, 1924 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Bochner was married to Ruth Roher until his death in 2005. Bochner died on October 29, 2005 in Santa Monica, California from cancer, aged 81.
References
Other websites
1924 births
2005 deaths
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles County, California
Canadian stage actors
Canadian movie actors
Canadian voice actors
Canadian radio actors
Canadian television actors
Actors from Toronto
George Benneh

George Benneh (6 March 1934 - 11 February 2021) was a Ghanaian academic and university administrator. He was the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Ghana, Legon from 1992 to 1996.
Between 1979 and 1981, Benneh was also the Commissioner and Minister of Lands, Natural Resources, Fuel and Power. He also was the Finance minister from May to December 1981.
Benneh died of natural causes at his home in Accra on the 11 February 2021, twenty three days short from his 87th birthday.
References
1934 births
2021 deaths
Ghanaian politicians
Academics
Ghanaian educators
On the Waterfront

On the Waterfront is a 1954 American movie about mob violence among longshoremen (people who unload ships) in New Jersey. Directed by Elia Kazan, it stars Marlon Brando, Eva Marie Saint and Karl Malden.
The movie won eight Academy Awards: for Best Picture, Best Actor (Brando), Best Supporting Actress (Saint), Best Art Direction, Best Director (Kazan), Best Cinematography (Boris Kaufman), Best Film Editing (Gene Milford) and Best Original Screenpaly (Budd Schulberg). The catchphrase, "I could've been a contender", is said by Terry Malloy. In 2005, it ranked third on AFI's list of the one hundred most famous quotes in movie history . Five years earlier, it was the eighth most popular movie on the AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies list.
Other websites
1954 crime movies
1954 drama movies
1950s crime drama movies
American crime drama movies
Best Picture Oscar
Columbia Pictures movies
Golden Globe Award winning movies
Movies set in New Jersey
United States National Film Registry movies
Movies directed by Elia Kazan
Wind speed

Wind speed is the speed of the weather related air movement from one place to the next.
Wind speeds usually mean the movement of air in an outside environment, but the speed of movement of air inside is also important in many cases, including weather forecasting, aircraft and maritime operations, construction and civil engineering. High wind speeds can cause unpleasant side effects, and strong winds often have special names, including gales, hurricanes, and typhoons. The highest wind speed ever measured on earth, 253 miles per hour, was recorded on Barrow Island, Australia.
Measurement
The most simple method of measuring wind speed is to estimate the speed from the observed event against the Beaufort Scale. Obviously, this method is not the most accurate available, so each value on the scale represents a range of values, three on the scale, for example, covers the wind speeds between seven and ten knots.
Notes
Winds
es:Viento#Caracteristicas fisicas de los vientos
Lake Macquarie (New South Wales)

Lake Macquarie or Awaba, is the largest coastal salt water lake in Australia. It covers an area of . It is on the coast of New South Wales, north of Sydney. The city of lake Macquarie is on the shores of the lake. Lake Macquarie is connected to the sea by a short channel.
History
Aborigines of the Awabakal nation lived in the area for thousands of years. The name Awaba, means "a plain surface".
The first European to visit the lake was Captain William Reid in 1800. Reid had been sent from Sydney to get a load of coal from Newcastle Harbour. Reid took a wrong turn and found himself in a lake rather than a river, with no coal to be seen anywhere. The name "Reid's Mistake" was used until 1826, when it was renamed in honour of Governor Lachlan Macquarie.
Geography and environment
The lake is an irregular shape. The land between the lake and the sea is only a few kilometres wide along most of its length. There are several small, sandy, low-level islands in the lake. Pulbah Island, located south of Swansea is a large island with rocky cliffs. It covers an area of . Pulbah is an Aboriginal name meaning island. Pulbah Island is also a sacred site for the Awabakal people.
Lake Macquarie is connected to the sea by Swansea Channel and Lakes Entrance. Swansea Channel is about wide and long. The bridges over the channel can lift to allow yachts and other boats in and out of the lake.
Important Bird Area
The eucalypt forests on the southern edge of the lake have been listed by BirdLife International as a 121 km2 Important Bird Area (IBA). They support significant numbers of endangered Swift Parrots and Regent Honeyeaters. Masked Owls and Ospreys often nest in the area.
Environmental management
In 1983 the State Pollution Control Commission studied the poor water quality of Lake Macquarie. It found increased amounts of sediment and increased levels of nutrients were causing problems. Further studies in 1995 found that creeks flowing into the lake were causing many of these problems. In 1998 a special group was set up by the government to find ways to protect the lake. This group recommended setting up the Lake Macquarie Project Management Committee. Their job was to put in place an action plan to protect the lake called the Lake Macquarie Improvement Plan.
These actions have included reducing the amount of sediment and nutrients getting into the lake. They have built wetlands, stormwater treatments, replanting, and educating the local community.
There are more fish in the lake because commercial fishing has been stopped in the lake and the water quality is improving.
Recreation
Fishing, boating, kayaking and water skiing are all popular activities on the lake.
References
Other websites
Macquarie
Newcastle, New South Wales
Kulmain

Kulmain is a municipality in Tirschenreuth north of Kemnath in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Tirschenreuth (district)
Duplin County, North Carolina

Duplin County () is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2010 census, the population was 58,505. Its county seat is Kenansville.
References
1750s establishments in North Carolina
1750 establishments
North Carolina counties
Baudrecourt, Moselle

Baudrecourt is a village in the Lorraine region of France. It is about half way between Metz and Nancy. The TGV high-speed line from Paris to Strasbourg currently ends there. In 1999, 172 people lived there.
Communes in Moselle