pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror

The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror, commonly known as Tower of Terror, is a classic Disney amusement park attraction. The ride is an elevator that drops and rises several times. It is like riding an elevator that fails while people are on it. The theme of the ride is based
Locations
There are currently four versions. Three are based on the TV show The Twilight Zone.
Disney's Hollywood Studios near Orlando, Florida, USA
Disney California Adventure in Anaheim, California
Walt Disney Studios Park located in Paris, France
Tokyo DisneySea in Tokyo, Japan, not based on the Twilight Zone. Takes place in the fictional Hotel Hightower
The ride
"Guests" get on what appears to be an old "freight elevator". The elevator car goes past several old hallways. It passes what appear to be ghosts of former guests. Next the ride enters a dark vertical shaft. Suddenly the elevator snaps upward and with the sounds and sparks of the elevator cables breaking it plunges downward. It freefalls 13 floors down before stopping. Then it climbs, stops, falls again and repeats the process. People outside the ride can hear the riders screaming in terror. The ride attracts thrill-seekers who ride again and again. Each time the ride is a little different.
Restrictions
People must be at least 40 inches (102 cm) tall to enter the ride. Wheelchairs and mobility scooters must be left behind (users must be strong enough to stand). Anyone suffering from neck, back, or heart problems, motion sickness or claustrophobia are advised not to ride. Pregnant women may not ride. Anyone with a fear of heights or fear of falling may want to avoid this ride as well.
References
Other websites
The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror™️
Tower of Terror Tokyo DisneySea
Amusement rides
Albert Zafy

Albert Zafy (1 May 1927 - 13 October 2017) was a Malagasy politician. He was the President of Madagascar from 27 March 1993 to 5 September 1996.
Zafy died on 13 October 2017 at a hospital in Saint-Pierre, Reunion in France of a stroke at the age of 90.
References
1927 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Presidents of Madagascar
Deaths from cerebrovascular disease
Physicians
Liu Shaoqi

Liu Shaoqi ( ; ; 24 November 189812 November 1969) was a Chinese revolutionary, politician, and theorist.
He was Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee from 1954 to 1959, First Vice Chairman of the Communist Party of China from 1956 to 1966 and Chairman (President) of the People's Republic of China, China's de jure head of state, from 1959 to 1968.
For 15 years, President Liu was the third most powerful man in China, behind only Chairman Mao Zedong and Premier Zhou Enlai. In the early 1960s before the Cultural Revolution, he became a critic of Mao.
Liu disappeared from public life in 1968 and was called the "commander of China's bourgeoisie headquarters", China's foremost "capitalist-roader", and a traitor to the revolution.
Liu died on 12 November 1969 in Kaifeng, Henan while under torture, aged 70. After his death, the Chinese government later honored him with a state funeral and is now seen as a political hero.
References
Presidents of the People's Republic of China
1898 births
1969 deaths
Unexplained deaths
Woodward, Oklahoma

Woodward is a city in Oklahoma in the United States. It is the county seat of Woodward County.
County seats in Oklahoma
Cities in Oklahoma
Televisión Pública

Television Publica (Public Television, abbreviated TVP) is a publicly owned Argentine television network, the national public broadcaster. It began broadcasting in 1951, when LR3 Radio Belgrano Television channel 7 in Buenos Aires, its key station and the first television station in the country, signed on the air.
Television networks
Girls Just Want to Have Fun (movie)

Girls Just Want to Have Fun is a 1985 American romantic musical comedy movie directed by first time director Alan Matter and was based on the hit song of the same name by Cyndi Lauper (who also stars uncredited). It stars Sarah Jessica Parker, Helen Hunt, Lee Montgomery, Morgan Woodward, Jonathan Silverman, Ed Lauter, Holly Gagnier and was distributed by New World Pictures.
References
Other websites
1985 romantic comedy movies
1980s musical movies
1980s teen romance movies
American romantic comedy movies
Movies directed by Alan Matter
1980s English-language movies
1980s teen comedy movies
American independent movies
American musical comedy movies
American teen comedy movies
American teen romance movies
Dance movies
Movies set in Chicago
Movies shot in Chicago
Streaking

Streaking is the act of taking off one's clothes and running naked through a public place. It is a type of public nudity but it is usually meant as a bit of fun, although streakers may be arrested and charged with indecency.
Related pages
Naturism
Public nudity
Indecency
Exhibitionism
Obscenity
Toplessness
Nudity
Khatib MRT station

Khatib MRT station (NS14) is an Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station on the North South line in Yishun, Singapore.
The section of tracks between this station and Yio Chu Kang MRT station is the longest between any two stations on the North South line.
History
The station was previously named Nee Soon South. It was renamed to Khatib in January 1987 along with Yishun MRT station which was initially named Nee Soon. In 1990, a power failure which occurred at Yishun station affected services at this station.
In 2002, lift upgrading commenced at this station and was completed on 10 January 2003.
Installation of the half-height screen doors started and operations commenced on 30 September 2011. The station was installed with high-volume low-speed fans and the fans started running since 28 August 2012.
Related pages
Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore)
References
Other websites
Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore) stations
Andrey Lopatov

Andrey Vyacheslavovich Lopatov (; 12 March 1957 - February 2022) was a Russian basketball player. He competed for the Soviet Union in the 1980 Summer Olympics. He won a bronze medal. Lopatov was born in Inta, Komi ASSR, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union.
Lopatov died in February 2022, at the age of 64.
References
1957 births
2022 deaths
Soviet basketball players
Soviet Olympic bronze medalists
Ayer, Switzerland

Ayer is a village and former municipality in the district of Sierre in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Ayer, Chandolin, Grimentz, Saint-Jean, Saint-Luc and Vissoie merged into the new municipality of Anniviers.
Villages in Valais
Former municipalities of Valais
Stéphane Hessel

Stephane Frederic Hessel (20 October 1917 - 27 February 2013) was a German-French diplomat and political activist. He was born in Berlin and became a French citizen in 1939. He was active in the Resistance in France during the Second World War. After the war, he was secretary to one of the writers of the United Nation's Universal Declaration of Human Rights and took part in World Conference on Human Rights that adopted Vienna Declaration He also opposed inequality in wealth and war by Israel in Palestine.
References
Other websites
"Time for Outrage!"
1917 births
2013 deaths
French World War II resistance members
French diplomats
People from Berlin
French human rights activists
Camino, Piedmont

Camino is a comune in the Province of Alessandria in the Piedmont region in Italy.
References
Settlements in Piedmont
Scano di Montiferro

Scano di Montiferro (Iscanu) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,517 people lived there. Its area is 60.47 km2. It is 385 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Fairfield, California

Fairfield is a city of the San Francisco Bay Area in the U.S. state of California. It is the county seat of Solano County.
Cities in California
Cities in the San Francisco Bay Area
County seats in California
Settlements in Solano County, California
1856 establishments in California
Digenea

Digenea are a type of flatworms. They are parasites. They have two suckers, usually. One of them is ventral (on the belly), and the other is oral (where the mouth is).
Flatworms
Neško Milovanović

Nesko Milovanovic (born 4 December 1974) is a Bulgarian football player.
Club career statistics
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|2002||Sanfrecce Hiroshima||J. League 1||8||0||0||0||4||0||12||0
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References
1974 births
Living people
Bulgarian footballers
Weidhausen

Weidhausen bei Coburg (officially: Weidhausen b. Coburg) is a municipality in the southeastern portion of the Coburg district of Bavaria in Germany.
Geography
City Districts
The municipality is divided into three districts:
Weidhausen
Neuensorg
Trubenbach
References
Coburg (district)
Sullivan, New Hampshire

Sullivan is a town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States.
Towns in New Hampshire
Henry Sloan

Henry Sloan (January 1870 - 13 March 1948?) was an African American musician. He played the Delta Blues and is known for teaching Charlie Patton to play the blues, and moved to Chicago after World War I.
Life
Early life
David Evans says that Sloan was born in Mississippi in 1870. He moved to a Plantation near Indianola at between 1901 and 1904.
Career
There is a rumour that Sloan was a hobo which was seen by musician W.C. Handy playing guitar at Tutwiler train station in 1903. Handy describes him as
References
Blues guitarists
American guitarists
Singers from Mississippi
Musicians from Mississippi
1870 births
1948 deaths
Minister of Home Affairs (India)

The Minister of Home Affairs (or simply, the Home Minister) is the head of the Ministry of Home Affairs of the Government of India.
List of Home Ministers
Ministers of State of Home Affairs
References
Other websites
Home Ministry, Govt. of India
Amit Shah take charge of Home Ministry of India 2019
Government of India
Weezer

Weezer is an American alternative rock band from Los Angeles. They were formed in 1992.
Members
Current Members
Rivers Cuomo -- lead vocals, lead guitar (1992-present)
Patrick Wilson -- drums, vocals (1992-present)
Brian Bell -- rhythm guitar, vocals (1993-present)
Scott Shriner -- bass, vocals (2001-present)
Former members
Jason Cropper -- guitar, backing vocals (1992-1993)
Matt Sharp -- bass, backing vocals (1992-1998)
Mikey Welsh -- bass, backing vocals (1998-2001)
Discography
Weezer (Blue Album) (1994)
Pinkerton (1996)
Weezer (Green Album) (2001)
Maladroit (2002)
Make Believe (2005)
Weezer (Red Album) (2008)
Raditude (2009)
Hurley (2010)
Death to False Metal (2010)
Everything Will Be Alright in the End (2014)
Weezer (White Album) (2016)
Pacific Daydream (2017)
Weezer (Teal Album) (2019)
Weezer (Black Album) (2019)
OK Human (2021)
Van Weezer (2021)
SZNZ: Spring (2022)
SZNZ: Summer (2022)
SZNZ: Autumn (2022)
References
1992 establishments in the United States
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
American pop rock bands
Musical groups established in 1992
Musical groups from Los Angeles
Downtown no Gaki no Tsukai ya Arahende!!

Downtown no Gaki no Tsukai ya Arahende!! (English: Downtown's We Aren't Errand Boys!) is an Japanese variety show show. It is shown on the Nippon Television network and features the popular Japanese owarai duo, Downtown. The show is popular for its "no laughing" batsu games where the cast has to endure many ridiculous situations for 24 hours in a place which the theme is and must not laugh or they will be hit with a weapon on the buttocks. Usually, this program is shown for about 6 hours on the New Year's Eve. This program has a long broadcast period after Shoten in Nippon Television.
Cast
Regular
Downtown's Hitoshi Matsumoto (Matsumoto Hitoshi) and Masatoshi Hamada (Hamada Masatoshi)
Hitoshi Matsumoto is taking charge of the composition of this program.He suggests many of plans.
Masatoshi Hamada does chairman advance.
Hosei Yamasaki (Yamasaki Hosei)
He is an indispensable character to this program.
Cocorico Naoki Tanaka (Tanaka Naoki) and Shozo Endo (Endo Shozo)
Semi-regular
License Takahumi Inomoto (Inomoto Takahumi) and Kazuhiro Huziwara (Huziwara Kazuhiro)
preceding opinion or plan
Periodical Guest
Zimi-Onishi
He appears in series as a punishment or a Must not laugh
Itsuzi Itao
He appears in series as a punishment or a Must not laugh, Itao Plan
Moriman
Yamazaki VS Moriman
Syozi Murakami
Syozi Murakami classroom
Other Cast
Itao's wife and Itao's child
Central African TV
Tonight is YAMADA
Pikaderi-Umeda
Program staff
Kenji Suga (nickname Ga-su-)
He is Nippon Television work deputy chief
Toshihide Saito (nickname Heipo-)
Comprehensive production
Project
Free talk
Matsumoto vs Hamada battle series
Must not laugh series
Yamazaki vs Moriman
Moriman has won all the games.
Hightension series
Good-bye Yamazaki Hosei series
Entertainers fishing championship
seven changes
Audience ratings
This program is always ranked in the top 10 in variety program annual audience rating from 1995 to 2001.
The number of sales of a total of eight DVDs records smash success which sells about 1700000 sheets.
The ninth DVD was also sold, it became the 1st place of a ranking first appearance, and the number of the gross sales exceeded 2 million sheets.
Other websites
Official website (Japanese)
YOSHIMOTO R and C CO.,LTD./ Gakitsuka DVD (Japanese)
References
Japanese television series
1980s television series
1990s television series
2000s television series
2010s television series
1989 television series debuts
Instruction (computer science)

In computer science, an instruction is a single operation of a processor defined by the processor instruction set.
The size or length of an instruction varies widely, from as little as 4-bits in some microcontrollers to many as multiples of a bytes in some very long instruction word (VLIW) systems. Most modern processors used in personal computers, mainframes, and supercomputers have instruction sizes between 16 and 64 bits. In some architectures, especially Reduced instruction set computers, instructions are of fixed length, typically corresponding with that architecture's word size.
On traditional architectures, an instruction includes an opcode specifying the operation to be performed, such as "add contents of memory to register", and zero or more operand specifiers, which may specify registers, memory locations, or literal data. The operand specifiers may have addressing modes determining their meaning or may be in fixed fields.
In VLIW architectures, which include many microcode architectures, multiple simultaneous operations and operands are specified in a single instruction.
Instructions are rarely specified using their machine code form; they may be specified by programmers using an assembly language or, more commonly, may be generated by compilers.
There is another more general definition for an "instruction" not only related to the processor instruction set, which is: An "instruction" may be any representation of an element of an executable computer program.
Related pages
Machine language
Microprocessor design
David Shulkin

David Jonathon Shulkin (born June 22, 1959) is an American physician and politician. Shulkin was the 9th United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs from February 14, 2017 to March 28, 2018. He served as Under Secretary of Health for the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. He was nominated by President Barack Obama on March 18, 2015 and sworn in on July 6, 2015.
On January 11, 2017, President-elect Donald Trump announced that he will nominate Shulkin to serve as United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
Early life
Shulkin was born in Highland Park, Illinois. He was raised in Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania. He studied at Hampshire College and at Drexel University.
Medical career
He served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of Beth Israel Medical Center in New York City. He also served as president of Morristown Medical Center and as vice president of Atlantic Health System Accountable Care Organization.
He has been Chief Medical Officer of the University of Pennsylvania Health System, the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Temple University Hospital, and the Medical College of Pennsylvania Hospital.
United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs (2017-2018)
On January 11, 2017, Shulkin was selected by President-elect Trump as Secretary of Veterans Affairs pending Senate confirmation. Shulkin resigned from a private sector position in 2015 to work in the Department of Veterans Affairs as the undersecretary of health.
On February 13, 2017, the Senate unanimously confirmed Shulkin as the U.S. Secretary of Veteran's Affairs with a 100-0 vote.
For President Trump's address to a Joint Session of Congress on February 28, 2017, Shulkin served as the designated survivor.
In September 2017, The Washington Post revealed that Shulkin spent nearly half his time on a recent international trip to Europe, covered by taxpayers, sightseeing and shopping with his wife, Merle Bari.
On March 28, 2018, President Trump fired Shulkin.
Personal life
Shulkin is married to Merle Bari.
References
Other websites
Official website
1959 births
Living people
American physicians
United States Secretaries of Veterans Affairs
Independent politicians in the United States
Politicians from Pennsylvania
Politicians from Washington, D.C.
Politicians from Highland Park, Illinois
Vilshofen an der Donau

Vilshofen an der Donau is a town in Passau in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Other websites
Passau (district)
Dominique D'Onofrio

Dominique D'Onofrio (18 April 1953 - 12 February 2016) was an Italian-born Belgian footballer, coach and later chairman. He was born on in Castelforte, Italy. He played for R.R.F.C. Montegnee during the 1970s. He was the head coach of Standard de Liege for almost ten years.
D'Onofrio died on 12 February 2016 from a heart attack while on a trip in Buenos Aires. He was aged 62.
References
Other websites
Dominique D'Onofrio Interviewed
1953 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Italian footballers
Belgian footballers
Coaches
National Security Agency

The National Security Agency (NSA) is part of the US government. The agency was started in 1952, and its main office is in Maryland.
Its stated goal is to protect the US people by
Worldwide "earsdropping," secretly listening to what people are saying in other countries. It monitors, collects, decodes, translates and analyses information and data. That is known as signals intelligence (SIGINT).
Protecting the US from eavesdropping and SIGINT spying by foreign governments and agencies, called "penetration and network warfare." The agency does so by clandestine (secret) means, such as bugging electronic systems, and sabotaging their computer networks with viral software.
Related pages
Central Intelligence Agency
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Venona project
References
Official NSA website
NSA for kids
Further reading
Bamford, James, The Puzzle Palace, Penguin Books, .
Bamford, James, The Shadow Factory, Anchor Books, 2009, .
Church Committee, Intelligence Activities and the Rights of Americans: 1976 US Senate Report on Illegal Wiretaps and Domestic Spying by the FBI, CIA and NSA, Red and Black Publishers (May 1, 2008).
Aid, Matthew, The Secret Sentry: The Untold History of the National Security Agency, 432 pages, , Bloomsbury Press (June 9, 2009).
Shaker, Richard J. "The Agency That Came in from the Cold." (Archive, Archive #2) Notices. American Mathematical Society. May/June 1992 pp. 408-411.
"National Security Agency Releases History of Cold War Intelligence Activities." George Washington University. National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 260. Posted November 14, 2008.
1952 establishments in the United States
TV5Monde

TV5Monde (), known as TV5, is a French television network. It broadcasts French-language programming. It is an approved participant member of the European Broadcasting Union.
The network is available across Europe on satellite via Astra 19.2degE and Eutelsat Hot Bird (13degE) (both free-to-air), online and via TVPlayer.
References
Other websites
Official Site
TV5 Quebec Canada
TV5Monde US
TV5MONDE Asie-Pacifique
TV5Monde Charter
Television networks
Lienz District

The Lienz District () is a district in Tyrol, Austria. It is the only district in East Tyrol. The district borders the Pinzgau (Salzburg) in the north, the districts Spittal an der Drau and Hermagor (both Carinthia) in the east, Veneto (Italy) in the south, and South Tyrol (Italy) in the west.
It has an area of 2,016.41 km2. As of 2019, 48,753 people lived there. The administrative center of the district is Lienz.
Places
The district has 33 municipalities:
Abfaltersbach
Ainet
Amlach
Anras
Assling
Ausservillgraten
Dolsach
Gaimberg
Heinfels
Hopfgarten in Defereggen
Innervillgraten
Iselsberg-Stronach
Kals am Grossglockner
Kartitsch
Lavant
Leisach
Lienz
Matrei in Osttirol
Nikolsdorf
Nussdorf-Debant
Oberlienz
Obertilliach
Pragraten am Grossvenediger
Sankt Jakob in Defereggen
Sankt Johann im Walde
Sankt Veit in Defereggen
Schlaiten
Sillian
Strassen
Thurn
Tristach
Untertilliach
Virgen
Districts of Tyrol (state)
Cangas de Onís

Cangas de Onis () is a municipality in Asturias, Spain.
Municipalities in Asturias
Géovreisset

Geovreisset is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
Communes in Ain
Black-headed parrot

The black-headed parrot is Pionites melanocephalus. It lives in forests, most often in humid places, and nearby wooded habitats. They are known as 'caiques'.
The bird is widespread in South America, and has two subspecies which are very similar. It lives north of the Amazon River and west of the Ucayali River in Brazil, northern Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. It is quite common and lives in many protected areas.
They are usually in pairs or small noisy groups of 10 to 30. They eat flowers, fruit, and seeds and possibly insects. Males and females look the same: they have identical plumage.
References
True parrots
Birds of South America
John Kaye (politician)

John Kaye (23 October 1955 - 2 May 2016 ) was an Australian politician. He was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Council in 2007. He represented the Greens. He was known for his support of renewable energy and energy efficiency. He was a spokesperson for public schools and TAFE colleges.
References
Other websites
John Kaye's homepage
Australian Greens politicians
Politicians from New South Wales
1955 births
2016 deaths
Cancer deaths in Australia
Muyeol of Silla

Taejong Muyeol of Silla (, 602 June 661) was the 29th king of Silla. He was named Kim Chun-chu.
He was the grandson of King Jinji. He went to Goguryeo, asking for help to destroy Baekje.
After he went to Tang for help in destroying Baekje and Goguryeo so that the Three Kingdoms could become one kingdom. In 660 he led the military with Kim Yu-sin to fight against Baekje. They won the fight, but he died that year.
Related pages
Kim Yu-sin
Munmu of Silla
Other websites
http://enc.daum.net/dic100/contents.do?query1=b22t2283a
602 births
661 deaths
Korean military people
Korean monarchs
Indonesia AirAsia Flight 8501

Indonesia AirAsia Flight 8501 was a passenger flight from Surabaya to Singapore. The plane was an Airbus A320. On December 28 2014, the airplane crashed due to technical failure and bad weather in the Java Sea, Indonesia. All 162 people on the plane were killed. Human bodies and debris began surfacing two days after the incident. The plane was said to have lost contact with air traffic control 42 minutes after takeoff. The plane wreckage and bodies of the passengers were pulled from the Java Sea in the waters of Kalimantan, the Indonesian part of Borneo island, The Guardian reported.
According to the reports, investigators traced the failure of both the rudder and computer systems to a cracked solder joint inside circuit boards. The rudder system had experienced problems 23 times since January 2014, reported the aircraft maintenance team.
Passengers and crew
Flight 8501 had 155 passengers and seven crew members on board. The passenger list consisted of 137 adults, 17 children and one infant. The crew consisted of two pilots, 4 flight attendants and a company engineer. The crash victims included people from Indonesia, Malaysia, South Korea, France, Singapore and the United Kingdom.
The Captain was 53-year-old Iriyanto, an Indonesian pilot who had 20,537 flying hours.
The First Officer was 46-year old Remi Emmanuel Plesel, a French pilot who had 2,247 flying hours.
Notes
References
2014 disasters
2010s in Indonesia
Aviation accidents and incidents in Asia
Aviation accidents and incidents in the 2010s
December 2014 events
Mercator projection

The Mercator projection is a cylindrical map projection which is widely used in cartography today. It was developed by Gerardus Mercator in 1569. It is not a physical projection, and cannot be constructed using geometric tools. On a small scale, geometric shapes can be moved around the map, without distorting them (this property is known as conformity). As a downside, the scale of the shape and the direction of lines may change when shapes are moved. For example, Africa is actually 15 times larger than Greenland, but on this map projection they look the same size.
Today, Mercator projections are mainly used for maps.
Map projections
Los Alegres de Terán

Los Alegres de Teran (traducted to English: The Cheerfuls of Teran) was a Mexican norteno music group from General Teran, Nuevo Leon.
It was formed in the mid-1940s by Eugenio Abrego and Tomas Ortiz, they were originally located in Monterrey, although in 1960 they would move to McAllen, Texas.
The greatest successes of the group would be: "Carta Jugada", "Alma Enamorada", and "Entre Copa y Copa".
References
Mexican musical groups
Qaisra Shahraz

Qaisra Shahraz (born 1959) is a British-Pakistani novelist and scriptwriter, college inspector, teacher and freelance journalist.
References
1959 births
Pakistani novelists
Living people
British Pakistanis
Track and field athletics

Track and field is part of the sport of athletics. Athletics is a collection of sport events that includes running, jumping and throwing. Track and field events take place in a sports stadium, either on the running track, or on the field inside the running track. These tracks are generally made up of synthetic rubber - rubber particles bound with latex or polyurethane. Other athletics events that are not track and field, include cross country running, road running, marathon running, and race-walking - these events take place outside a sports stadium.
Athletics is a very common sporting event over the world. Athletics is a combination of different sports, generally running, jumping and throwing events. Running events include marathons, hurdle races, long distance and short-distance events. Some jumping events are high jump, long jump, triple jump and pole vault. Throwing events involve javelin throw, discus throw, hammer throw and shot put.
There are also events that combine parts of running, jumping, and throwing. One of these is the decathlon, which includes two short-distance races, a mile run, a hurdles race, javelin, discus, shot-put, high jump and pole vault.
All participants are timed or have a distance measured and this is their result. Participants train hard for an event and always aim to better their results.
Athletics is a sport that people take part in all over the world. It is a sport that is most common between young children up to younger adults. Athletics can be played for enjoyment, but it can also be a competitive sport. Athletics is also an event in the Olympic games.
Notes
Other websites
International Association of Athletics Federations website
USA Track & Field website
Results & Statistics for Collegiate, High School, Middle School, and Club teams
Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump

Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump is a buffalo jump in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains about 18 km northwest of Fort Macleod, Alberta, Canada. The plains Indians used Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump for over 5,500 years to kill buffalo. Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and became one in 1981.
Other websites
Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump's Official website
Alberta
World Heritage Sites in Canada
Mary McDonnell

Mary Eileen McDonnell (born April 28, 1952) is an American movie, stage and television actress. She played Claudia in As the World Turns. She also played Liz in the movie Sneakers (1992).
Mary McDonnell was born Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.
References
Actors from Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania
American television actors
American movie actors
1952 births
Living people
Grand-Rullecourt

Grand-Rullecourt is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Executive (government)

The executive is the branch of government that is responsible for the day-to-day management of the state. (Executive is short for executive branch or executive power.)
Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, the executive is not supposed to make laws (role of the legislature), nor to interpret them (role of the judiciary). The executive is supposed to put the laws into action.
The executive is led by the head of government. The head of government is assisted by a number of ministers, who usually have responsibilities for particular areas (e.g. health, education, foreign affairs), and by many government employees or civil servants.
In a presidential system, this person (the President) may also be the head of State, but in a parliamentary system, he or she is usually the leader of the largest party in the legislature and is most commonly termed the Prime Minister (Taoiseach in the Republic of Ireland, (Federal) Chancellor in Germany and Austria). In France, executive power is shared between the President and the Prime Minister and this system has been reproduced in a number of former French colonies. Switzerland and Bosnia and Herzegovina have similar systems.
Related pages
Constitution
Constitutional economics
Political economy
Government-related organizations
Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker

Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker (also known as Star Wars: Episode IX - The Rise of Skywalker) is an American epic space opera movie produced, co-written and directed by J.J. Abrams.
It is the third and last movie of the Star Wars sequel trilogy, after The Force Awakens and The Last Jedi. The movie is produced by Lucasfilm and Bad Robot Productions and was distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures.
Plot
The Rise of Skywalker is set one year after The Last Jedi. It is said to be the end of the Skywalker saga.
Cast
Daisy Ridley as Rey, granddaughter of Darth Sidious, a Force-sensitive girl; the last apprentice to Luke Skywalker
Adam Driver as Kylo Ren, the Supreme Leader of the First Order; born Ben Solo, the son of Leia Organa and Han Solo
John Boyega as Finn, a stormtrooper who has defected to the Resistance
Oscar Isaac as Poe Dameron, an X-wing pilot and commander of the Resistance, and ex-spice runner on Kijimi.
Lupita Nyong'o as Maz Kanata, former space pirate and ally of the Resistance
Domhnall Gleeson as General Hux, the First Order's second-in-command and a Resistance spy.
Kelly Marie Tran as Rose Tico, a technician in the Resistance
Joonas Suotamo as Chewbacca, a Wookiee and first mate of the Millennium Falcon
Billie Lourd as Lieutenant Connix, an officer in the Resistance
Naomi Ackie as Jannah, an ex-Firs Order stormtrooper who, along with her battalion, deserted the first order's ranks and lived on the moon of Kef Bir, until she came to the Resistance's aid when they attempted to infiltrate the second Death Star's remains.
Richard E. Grant as Allegiant General Enric Pryde, an ex-imperial First Order officer who later joins Darth Sidious' side once more.
Keri Russell as Zorii Bliss, an ex-comrade of Poe Dameron, when he was a spice runner on the planet of Kijimi.
Mark Hamill as Luke Skywalker, the last Jedi Master, who is now one with the Force and Boolio, an Ovissian member of the Resistance who tells Poe and Finn that there is a spy working for the Resistance in the First Order's ranks.
Anthony Daniels as C-3PO, a humanoid protocol droid in the service of General Leia Organa
Billy Dee Williams as Lando Calrissian, an old friend of Luke, Leia, and Chewbacca; a gambler and veteran of the Rebel Alliance
Carrie Fisher as Leia Organa, leading general of the Resistance and Luke's twin sister.
Ian McDiarmid as Darth Sidious
References
Other websites
The Rise of Skywalker The Movie Database
2019 science fiction movies
Disney movies
American epic movies
American sequel movies
Rise of Skywalker
Movies directed by J. J. Abrams
Movies composed by John Williams
Nicolas Tiangaye

Nicolas Tiangaye (born 13 September 1956) is a Central African politician and lawyer. He became Prime Minister of the Central African Republic on 17 January 2013 until his resignation on 10 January 2014. He was President of the National Transitional Council from 2003 to 2005.
References
1956 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of the Central African Republic
Lawyers
Joke

A joke is something said, written or done to make people laugh. There are many kinds of jokes; they can be questions with surprising answers or stories with unexpected endings. The humour of a joke comes from the surprise.
Jokes can be about anything. Jokes can be found anywhere: on the Internet, in books or heard from friends. Some jokes are about groups of people and can hurt people's feelings, for example if they are racist, homophobic or sexist.
Jokes are used in comedy, plays and movies.
Jokes could take the form of sarcasm or even try to poke fun at something to get a point across. People sometimes get hurt by jokes at them. If a joke is used to show a problem in someone's thought, it is normally called satire.
There are also practical jokes.
Related pages
April Fools' Day
Lie
Other websites
Humor
Charles Tupper

Sir Charles Tupper, 1st Baronet, (July 2, 1821 - October 30, 1915) was a Canadian father of Confederation: as the premier of Nova Scotia from 1864 to 1867, he led Nova Scotia into Confederation. He was also the shortest serving Prime Minister of Canada. His term was only 2 and a half months.
References
1821 births
1915 deaths
Premiers of Nova Scotia
Prime Ministers of Canada
Privy Councillors (Canada)
Leaders of the Opposition (Canada)
Pekwachnamaykoskwaskwaypinwanik Lake

Pekwachnamaykoskwaskwaypinwanik Lake is a fresh water lake in Manitoba, Canada. It is Cree for "where the wild trout are caught by fishing with hooks." It is the longest place name in Canada. It is located near Red Sucker Lake in northeastern Manitoba.
References
Lakes of Canada
Manitoba
Regina and Margaret DeFrancisco

The Chicago sisters Regina and Margaret DeFrancisco were two teenage girls. The sisters made national headlines for the high-profile murder of Regina's then boyfriend Oscar Velazquez in June 2000.
On June 6, 2000, Regina DeFrancisco called her boyfriend of three weeks, 22-year-old Oscar Velazquez, to her home. The DeFrancisco sisters' friend was at the home. The friend gave Margaret a .38 caliber semi-automatic pistol. Margaret then used the gun to shoot Oscar in the back of his head. Oscar was instantly killed.
After the murder, the DeFrancisco sisters robbed the victim of just over $600. They drove Oscar's body in his 2000 Chevrolet Camaro Z28. That was where the sisters used nail polish remover, then set Oscar's body on fire. A private caller dialed 911 to report the fire. Just after finding Velazquez' body in the fire, he dialed 911 a second time.
The sisters tried to sell the Camaro. They were not successful. Regina and Margaret later abandoned the Camaro and set it on fire. Shortly after, the sisters were questioned by police as suspects in the murder of Oscar Velazquez. The sisters' stories, though, did not match up. Before Margaret and Regina could be arrested for murder, they left the Chicago area and began evading police.
After just under two years evading police, Margaret was captured in Rockford, Illinois on March 24, 2002. An anonymous tip after a showing of America's Most Wanted led to her capture at an apartment complex where she was staying with relatives. Margaret was arrested for and charged with the murder of Oscar Velazquez. She was also charged with unlawful flight to avoid prosecution.
Seven months later on October 18, 2002, Regina was arrested in Dallas, Texas. The Chicago FBI reported that she was taken into custody after a traffic stop and high speed chase.
Regina DeFrancisco was found guilty of murder and armed robbery. She was sentenced to 35 years in prison. Margaret was sentenced to 46 years in prison.
References
Criminals from Chicago
American people convicted of murder
2000 in the United States
Kwadwo Owusu Afriyie

Kwadwo Owusu Afriyie (popularly known as Sir John) (1957 - July 1, 2020) was a Ghanaian lawyer and politician. He held several political positions including serving as general secretary of the New Patriotic Party. He was the Chief Executive Officer of Forestry Commission of Ghana from 2018 until his death. He was born in Accra.
Afriyie died on July 1, 2020 from COVID-19 in Accra, aged 63.
References
1957 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana
African businesspeople
People from Accra
Ghanaian politicians
Sexual capital

Sexual capital (or erotic capital) is the social value an individual or social group gets as a function of their sexual attractiveness. Like other forms of economic capital, sexual capital can be converted to other forms of capital. Sexual capital can be useful in getting social or economic capital. British sociologist Catherine Hakim first used the term "erotic capital", in the early 2000s. French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu had already defined other forms of capital, such as economic, cultural, or social capital. Hakim saw sexual capital as different. She says erotic capital is independent of class origin; for this reason, it enables social mobility. Hakim argues that this makes erotic capital socially subversive, which results in the prevailing power structures devaluing and trying to suppress it. In the manosphere, the parallel term sexual market value or its abbreviation SMV is often used.
Nobel prize winner Gary Becker developed a theory of human capital. In 1972, Michael Grossmann had developed the term "health capital". Robert Michael extended this term to include sexual capital. Maichal says, if an individual choses to use his or her sexual attractivness, this is a rational choice, and the individual will expect something in return.
References
Economics
Court-Saint-Etienne

Court-Saint-Etienne is a municipality in the Belgian province of Walloon Brabant.
In 2007, 9547 people lived there.
It is at 50deg 38 North, 04deg 34 East.
References
Municipalities of Walloon Brabant
Subtitle (captioning)

Subtitles are text-like versions of the dialog in movies. Subtitles are also used in television programmes and video games. The text is usually displayed at the bottom of the screen. Subtitles can also be a form of written translation of a dialog in an unfamiliar language, or a written text version of the spoken words in the same language, with or without added information to help watchers who are not able to hear or people who cannot understand the spoken dialogue.
References
Movie industry
Communication
Girona

Girona (; ) is a city of northeastern Catalonia, Spain. It is the capital of the province of Girona.
Capital cities in Spain
Abolitionism

Abolitionism was a movement that wanted to end the practice of slavery in Europe and in America. It was mainly active during the 18th and 19th centuries. Until the 18th century, few people criticized slavery. But thinkers of the Enlightenment started to criticize it, because in their opinion slavery was against human rights. Communities like the Quakers thought that slavery was contradicting with Christianity.
In the early 19th century several countries abolished the transatlantic slave trade, and later in the century they abolished slavery itself.
Slavery in the Americas
Race-based slavery was established in the early 16th century in the Portuguese and Spanish Empires. It soon spread to the parts of British North America, New France, and Spanish America that would become the U.S. in the 18th century. By the beginning of the 18th century, enslavement of black Africans was powering the economy in these areas. Most opposition to slavery was from enslaved people themselves.
During the American Revolution, beginning in 1775, the Virginia Governor, Lord Dunmore promised freedom to slaves and indenture servants "able and willing to take up arms" with the British. This proclamation would give freedom to the indentured servants and slaves held by the rebelling colonists, and wouldn't effect the loyalists. Many of the former slaves would die of disease, in fact 8 times as many blacks died of disease than died in battle. When the war ended, most slaves who decided to fight with the British were returned to servitude. Some black Loyalists were taken to Canada and elsewhere.
The American Army of the revolution contained many blacks, most of them coming from New England. The most significant black regiment was the 1st Rhode Island. The Regiment was created in 1778 and consisted of mostly blacks. Upon joining the regiment, the commander, Colonel Christopher Greene, would release any slave from servitude.
Following drafting, and signing of the new United States Constitution, blacks in the country were completely disenfranchised, and most remained slaves. Slavery began to decline. Most northern states outlawed its practice shortly after the Revolution, and in the south, Tobacco, the primary cash crop, was losing value In 1794, Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin. This new invention helped to increase the profitability of cotton by mechanically removing its seeds. After 1800 the amount of cotton produced in the United States would double every 10 years. By the middle of the century, the United States produced three quarters of the worlds cotton.
The Haitian Revolution, a slave rebellion that lasted from 1791 to 1804, changed the whole direction of the slave system. In the next 100 years, slavery would be legally abolished in many of the colonies controlled by European empires.
References
African-American history
Abolitionism
French Sailing Federation

The French Sailing Federation (FFV) () is the governing body of sailing in France.
Other websites
Official site
ISAF MNA Microsite
1940s establishments in France
1946 establishments in Europe
Sports governing bodies in Europe
Rutherford County, North Carolina

Rutherford County is a county in southwest North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, 64,444 people lived there. Its county seat is Rutherfordton.
References
1779 establishments in North Carolina
North Carolina counties
No Good Read Goes Unpunished

"No Good Read Goes Unpunished" is the 15th episode of The Simpsons 29th season. It was first broadcast on the Fox network on April 8, 2018. The episode is about Marge taking the Simpson family to a library. She learns that a book she loved to read as a child is racist. Bart gets the book The Art of War. He uses the book to get Homer to take him to a convention for video games. The episode was written by Jeff Westbrook and Mark Kirkland is the director of the episode. About 2.15 million people watched the episode when it was first broadcast.
The episode makes an allusion to the documentary The Problem with Apu. The documentary talks about how the character Apu Nahasapeemapetilon is a stereotype to Indian Americans. In the episode, Marge makes changes to the book she used to like (The Princess in the Garden) and reads it to Lisa. The new changes make the book shorter and not as emotional. Lisa looks at a picture of Apu and says that something that was liked in the past "is now politically incorrect". Hari Kondabolu (the writer of The Problem with Apu) wrote on Twitter that the episode did not get the meaning of the documentary. Many fans of The Simpsons thought that the show was not looking at the controversy of Apu seriously. Al Jean (showrunner of The Simpsons) later said he would try to find a better way for the show to talk about the controversy.
References
Other websites
The Simpsons episodes
2018 television episodes
Brivio

Brivio is a comune in the Province of Lecco, in the Lombardy region in northern Italy.
References
Settlements in Lombardy
Steve Aoki

Steven Hiroyuki Aoki (; born November 30, 1977) is an American DJ and music producer. He was born in Miami, Florida.
In 2012, Pollstar said that Aoki is the highest grossing dance artist in North America from tours. He worked with artists such as Will.i.am, Afrojack, LMFAO, Linkin Park, Iggy Azalea, Lil Jon, Laidback Luke, BTS, Louis Tomlinson, Rise Against, Vini Vici and Fall Out Boy.
Aoki is known for his remixes of artists such as Kid Cudi. Aoki has released several Billboard-charting studio albums as well, such as Wonderland.
References
1977 births
Living people
American DJs
American electronic musicians
American record producers
Businesspeople from California
Businesspeople from Miami
Japanese musicians
Musicians from Miami
People from Newport Beach, California
Twitch (service) streamers
Alfred E. Senn

Alfred Erich Senn (April 12, 1932 - March 8, 2016) was an American professor of history. He worked at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Senn was born in Madison, Wisconsin. Senn was the author of eight books. He taught about the history of Lithuania.
Senn died in Madison, Wisconsin at the age of 83.
References
Other websites
Alfred Erich Senn - short bio
1932 births
2016 deaths
American historians
Academics from Wisconsin
Writers from Madison, Wisconsin
Lakshmi Mittal

Lakshmi Niwas Mittal (; born 15 June 1950) is an Indian steel businessman. He is the chairman and CEO of ArcelorMittal.
In 2005, Forbes ranked Mittal as the third-richest person in the world, making him the first Indian citizen to be ranked in the top ten in the publication's annual list of the world's richest people. In 2007, Mittal was considered to be the richest Asian person in Europe.
Mittal has been a member of the board of directors of Goldman Sachs since 2008.
References
1950 births
Living people
Indian businesspeople
Charlotte County, Virginia

Charlotte County is a county in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, 11,529 people lived there. Its county seat is Charlotte Court House.
References
Virginia counties
Lincoln County, Idaho

Lincoln County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2010 census, 5,208 people lived there. The county seat and largest city is Shoshone. The county is named after President Abraham Lincoln. It was founded on March 18, 1895.
Communities
Cities
Dietrich
Richfield
Shoshone
Unincorporated community
Hidden Valley
References
1890s establishments in Idaho
1895 establishments in the United States
Idaho counties
Adair, Iowa

Adair is a city in Iowa in the United States. It is in the counties of Adair and Guthrie. At the 2010 census, 781 people lived there.
References
Cities in Iowa
Enter Laughing (movie)

Enter Laughing is a 1967 American comedy movie directed by first time director Carl Reiner and based on the autobiographical novel and play of the same name. It stars Jose Ferrer, Shelley Winters, Elaine May, Jack Gilford, Janet Margolin, Rob Reiner, Nancy Kovack, Michael J. Pollard, Don Rickles and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
Other websites
1967 comedy movies
American comedy movies
Movies based on books
Movies based on plays
Movies directed by Carl Reiner
Movies set in New York City
Columbia Pictures movies
Final Fantasy II

Final Fantasy II is a fantasy role-playing video game. It was made by Squaresoft, now called Square Enix. Instead of getting stronger by getting points by killing monsters and using these to gain levels, for each attack you make there is a chance a stat (strength, health, agility...) will be increased.
References
Final Fantasy games
1988 video games
Nintendo Entertainment System games
Bouquinistes

The Bouquinistes of Paris are small bookstores on each side of the River Seine. They are green boxes made of wood. They were classified as a World Heritage Site in 1991.
The word bouquinistes is used only in Paris. The word comes from bouquin, book in French slang.
Paris
World Heritage Sites in France
Booksellers