pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Houston Astros

The Houston Astros are the professional baseball team based in Houston, Texas. They compete in Major League Baseball (MLB). They began to play in 1962. They were originally called the "Houston Colt .45s" or the "Houston Colts". They changed their name to "Astros" in 1965. The Astros left the National League and joined the American League in 2013. They are the first team in a long time to do this. The Astros play their home games at Minute Maid Park in Houston.
With the move to the American League in 2013, the Astros are the first team in Major League Baseball to win the pennant for both leagues. The Astros are generally considered one of the most dominant teams in baseball over the recent years.
In 2005, the Astros played in the World Series for the first time, where they were swept by the Chicago White Sox. They returned to the World Series in 2017, and this time, they defeated the Los Angeles Dodgers in seven games to capture their first World Series title in the wake of Hurricane Harvey. They returned to the World Series in 2019 and 2021, but lost to Washington Nationals and the Atlanta Braves, respectively.
References
Other websites
Official Website
1962 establishments in the United States
1960s establishments in Texas
Marc Chagall

Marc Chagall (6 July 1887 28 March 1985) was a Jewish Belarusian-French artist. He is famous for his fauvist, cubist and expressionist paintings.
Other websites
2013 show at Tate Liverpool
Marc Chagall's official website
Russian artists
1887 births
1985 deaths
List of Albirex Niigata players

The List of Albirex Niigata players is evolving. The history of the team is created by its players.
Albirex Niigata is a Japanese professional football club in Niigata.
List
This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
Kazuhiko Chiba
Isao Homma
Kazuhisa Kawahara
Yoshiyuki Kobayashi
Takaya Kurokawa
Mitsuru Nagata
Hiroshi Nakano
Daigo Nishi
Hideo Oshima
Marcio Richardes de Andrade
Gotoku Sakai
Takahiro Takagi
Atomu Tanaka
Jun Uchida
Kisho Yano
Related pages
Sports in Japan
List of Japanese football teams
References
Other websites
Albirex Niigata website
J.League Club Guide
Albirex Niigata
Kira Yarmysh

Kira Aleksandrovna Yarmysh (born October 11, 1989) is a Russian writer. In 2020, her novel "Incredible Incidents in Women's Cell No. 3" was published. As of 2022, her book has been published in at least one other language.
She is the press secretary and assistant of Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny.
In 2022, media said that she has escaped from Russia; She served 7 months of the 18 months of house arrest - punishment that the Russian authorities gave her.
Early life
Yarmysh was born in Rostov-on-Don on October 11, 1989. In 2007, she started studying at the Faculty of International Journalism (Fakul'tet mezhdunarodnoi zhurnalistiki) at Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO) without exams, having won the University Challenge Olympiad (see olympiad). After graduation, she worked in the press services of the Pushkin Museum in Moscow. She also worked for Utair airline. In 2013, she took part in the election campaign of Alexei Navalny. He was trying to be elected as mayor of Moscow.
Notes
Sources
Russian writers
1989 births
Living people
Anti-Corruption Foundation
Wilson, Louisiana

Wilson is a village in East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Villages in Louisiana
Settlements in East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana
Brandon Flynn

Brandon Paul Flynn (born October 11, 1993) is an American actor. He is known for his role as Justin Foley in the Netflix series 13 Reasons Why. He also played Mike the Intern in BrainDead. He also appeared in the 2020 series Ratched.
Flynn is openly gay.
References
1993 births
Living people
Gay men
LGBT people from Florida
LGBT actors
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Miami
Bile

Bile or gall is an alkaline, green-yellow fluid. It is secreted from the liver of most vertebrate animals, and is often stored in the gall bladder. Bile helps digest fat.
The components of bile are, in descending order of composition, are:
Water
Cholesterol
Bile pigments
Bile salts
The name gall comes from the Greek word chole meaning green or yellow. These colours come from the bile pigments. One of them is green and the other is yellow. When they are mixed together, they make feces brown. The term cholesterol and the illness cholera were named after gall.
Bile is also stored in bile ducts. Often after liver transplants, bile comes out of the body.
Bile increases fats' total surface area to volume ratio so their digestion is easier and faster. Hence, more fats and fat-soluble vitamins like vitamins A, D, E and K can be absorbed. This keeps fat out of feces so they are brown instead of white, grey or greasy.
Physiology
MINIX

MINIX is a Unix-like computer operating system based on a microkernel architecture. Andrew S. Tanenbaum wrote the operating system so it could be used for educational purposes; MINIX also helped Linus Torvalds design the Linux kernel. Its name comes from the words minimal and Unix.
Released under the BSD license, MINIX is free and open source.
History
Andrew S. Tanenbaum created MINIX at Vrije Universiteit in Amsterdam.
MINIX 3
MINIX 3 was announced to the public on 24 October 2005 by Andrew Tanenbaum during his speech on top of the ACM Symposium Operating System Principles conference. MINIX 3 currently supports only IA-32 architecture PC systems. It has a Live CD format that lets it be used on a computer without installing it.
Version 3.1.2 was released 8 May 2006. It contains X11, emacs, vi, cc, gcc, perl, python, ash, bash, zsh, ftp, ssh, telnet, pine, and over 400 other common UNIX programs. With the addition of X11, this version starts the change from a Text-Only System.
MINIX and Linux
The design principles Tanenbaum applied to MINIX had influenced the design decisions Linus Torvalds applied in the creation of the Linux kernel. Torvalds used and appreciated MINIX, but his design was different from the MINIX architecture in significant ways, most notably by employing a monolithic kernel instead of a microkernel. This was famously disapproved by Tanenbaum in the Tanenbaum-Torvalds debate. (Tanenbaum explained again his rationale for using a microkernel in May 2006.)
Linux being copied from MINIX
In May 2004 Kenneth Brown of the Alexis de Tocqueville Institution raised the accusation that major parts of the Linux kernel had been copied from MINIX, in a book called Samizdat.
These accusations were rejected by Andrew Tanenbaum, who said that Kenneth Brown was very wrong and published a long rebuttal on his personal website.
Licensing
Its licensing fee was very small ($69) compared to the ones of other operating systems. Although Tanenbaum wished for MINIX to be as easily available to students, his publisher would not allow it.
When free/open source Unix-like operating systems such as Linux became available in the early 1990s, many volunteer software developers stopped using MINIX for Linux. In April 2000, MINIX became free/open source software under a permissive free software licence, but by this time other operating systems were much better, and it was mostly used as an operating system for students and hobbyists.
Related pages
GNU Hurd
HelenOS
QNX
References
Other websites
Official MINIX 3 Operating System site
The MINIX category at the Open Directory Project
History of MINIX from Andrew Tanenbaum
Operating systems
Susan Kiefel

Susan Mary Kiefel (; born 17 January 1954) is an Australian lawyer and judge. She is the chief justice of Australia since 30 January 2017. She has been on the High Court since 2007. Kiefel is the first woman to serve as Chief Justice.
References
1954 births
Living people
Chief Justices of Australia
Australian lawyers
Politicians from Queensland
People from Cairns, Queensland
All at Once (Whitney Houston song)

"All at Once" is a song written by Michael Masser and Jeffrey Osborne and recorded by Whitney Houston. It was released as a single in Japan and several European countries in 1985-1986. While it did not receive an official single release in the United States, the song did receive significant radio airplay there.
It became the first hit for Whitney Houston in the Netherlands in April 1985.
The song is a heartbreak ballad about a lover who leaves without warning and the damage it does. Houston performed the song at the 1987 American Music Awards.
1980s ballads
1985 songs
Pop-soul songs
Rhythm and blues ballads
Whitney Houston songs
Vsevolod Chaplin

Vsevolod Chaplin (; 31 March 1968 in Moscow -- 26 January 2020 in Moscow) was a Russian celibate priest of the Russian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate). He was the chairman of the Synodal Department for the Cooperation of Church and Society of the Moscow Patriarchate from 2009 to December 2015.
Chaplin was a member of the Civic Chamber of the Russian Federation and rector of St. Nicholas on the Three Hills Church, Moscow.
References
1968 births
2020 deaths
Christian clergy
Writers from Moscow
Russian Orthodox Christians
Nude Study (Filippini)

Nude Study (also known as Studio di nudo virile) is a 19th-century late impressionist painted in oil by Francesco Filippini. It was painted about 1876, in Brescia, Italy. Is in the collection of the Civic Museums of Brescia (inv. n. 988).
Description
The work is part of six other nude studies, preserved in the Civic Museums of Brescia and carried out by Filippini, during his transition from the Brescia drawing school to the Brera Academy in Milan.
This virile study was carried out by Filippini who had to make a copy of a painting from "Academia" to participate in the competition for the prize of the legate Brozzoni, which he needed to move to the Brera Academy in Milan.
Prize
Legato Brozzoni, 19 september 1876
Related pages
Francesco Filippini
Bibliography
Francesco Filippini, un protagonista del Naturalismo, Ed. Skira, 1999
Gaetano Panazza, 1964, p. 62
Luciano Anelli, 1984, p. 86
Renata Stradiotti, 1989, p. 192
Paintings by Francesco Filippini
1870s paintings
America's Next Top Model, Cycle 18

America's Next Top Model, Cycle 18 "British Invasion" is the eighteenth cycle of ANTM. This cycle includes British models from Britain's Next Top Model (BNTM) who didn't win. The winner was 22-year old Sophie Sumner from Oxford, England. The cycle had a total of 14 contestants, 7 seven American and 7 British.
Prizes
A modeling contract with LA Models & NY Model Management
A spread in Vogue Italia
A $100,000 contract with CoverGirl
A correspondent for Extra
A chance to be the face of the America's Next Top Model perfume product "Dream Come True"
A production of a music title
Contestants
British Original Rank ANTM Rank
Ashley Brown 4th 10th
Annaliese Dayes 7th 3rd
Jasmia Robinson 3rd 14th
Sophie Sumner Runner-up Winner
Catherine Thomas Runner-up 6th
Louise Watts Runner-up 12th (quit)
Alisha White Runner-up 4th (quit)
American
Seymone Cohen-Fobish 7th
Eboni Davis 5th
Ashley "Kyle" Gober 8th
Laura LaFrate Runner-up
Ashley "AzMarie" Livingston 9th
Candace Smith 11th
Mariah Watchman 13th
Episodes
1.
Best: Seymone Cohen-Fobish
Worst: Ashley Brown & Jasmia Robinson
Eliminated: Jasmia Robinson
2.
Best: Laura LaFrate
Worst: Seymone Cohen-Fobish & Mariah Watchman
Eliminated: Mariah Watchman
3.
Quit: Louise Watts
Best: AzMarie Livingston
Worst: Alisha White, Ashley Brown, Candace Smith, & Eboni Davis
Eliminated: None
4.
Best: AzMarie Livingston
Worst: Seymone Cohen-Fobish & Candace Smith
Eliminated: Candace Smith
5.
Best: Eboni Davis
Worst: Ashley Brown & Catherine Thomas
Eliminated: Ashley Brown
6.
Best: Alisha White
Worst: AzMarie Livingston & Kyle Gober
Eliminated: AzMarie Livingston
7.
Best: Sophie Sumner
Worst: Alisha White & Kyle Gober
Eliminated: Kyle Gober
8.
Best: Alisha White
Worst: Seymone Cohen-Fobish & Eboni Davis
Eliminated: Seymone Cohen-Fobish
9.
Best: Laura LaFrate
Worst: Alisha White & Catherine Thomas
Eliminated: Catherine Thomas
10.
Best: Laura LaFrate
Worst: Eboni Davis & Alisha White
Eliminated: Eboni Davis
Quit: Alisha White
11.
Best: Sophie Sumner
Worst: Laura LaFrate & Annaliese Dayes
Eliminated: Annaliese Dayes
12.
Final Two: Sophie Sumner & Laura LaFrate
Winner: Sophie Sumner
America's Next Top Model
Vétheuil

Vetheuil is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.
References
Communes in Val-d'Oise
Park Ji-sun

Park Ji-sun (; November 3, 1984 - November 2, 2020) was a South Korean comedian and actress. She was born in Incheon, South Korea. She was best known for appearing on many South Korean late night shows and variety sketch shows. She appeared on Gag Concert, You Hee-yeol's Sketchbook, Star Golden Bell and Happy Together.
Park was found dead on November 2, 2020 at her apartment in Seoul, aged 35.
References
1984 births
2020 deaths
South Korean television actors
South Korean movie actors
South Korean comedians
Actors from Seoul
Mswati III

Mswati III (born as Prince Makhosetive on 19 April 1968) is the King of Eswatini and head of the Swazi Royal Family. He was born in Manzini, Eswatini, to King Sobhuza II. Mswati was supported by apartheid South Africa early on during his rule. In the 21st century, he has been criticized by many activists for how he runs Eswatini. He is a polygamist who forced Swazi women to marry him and has put people in prison for being critical of his government in newspapers.
References
Other websites
Official Website of Eswatini Monarchy
Swazi King's Birthday features
Swazi Royal Family Tree
BBC News: Troubled King Mswati
Swaziland king picks wife - BBC Video
King Mswati III's address to the 63rd session of the United Nations General Assembly, 25 September 2008
An Extravagant Ruler of a Modest Kingdom - New York Times Movie review
In Destitute Kingdom, Ruler Lives Like a King
1968 births
Living people
Current national leaders
Kings of Swaziland
Julio Cruz (baseball)

Julio Luis Cruz (December 2, 1954 - February 22, 2022) was an American professional baseball second baseman. He played for the Seattle Mariners and Chicago White Sox of Major League Baseball from 1977 until 1986.
Cruz died on February 22, 2022, at the age of 67.
References
1954 births
2022 deaths
Seattle Mariners players
Chicago White Sox players
Sportspeople from Brooklyn
Cáceres, Spain

Caceres ( , ) is a city of Spain located in the autonomous community of Extremadura. It is the capital and most populated municipality of the Province of Caceres.
References
Capital cities in Spain
Cities in Extremadura
Municipalities in Extremadura
Clear-cell sarcoma

Clear-cell sarcoma is a rare form of cancer called sarcoma. It is known to happen mainly in the soft tissues and dermis.
Recurrence is common.
Clear cell sarcoma of the soft tissues in adults is not related to the pediatric tumor known as clear cell sarcoma of the kidney.
References
Cancer
Millennium Island

Caroline Island, or Caroline atoll, is an atoll, in the Pacific Ocean that is part of Kiribati. It is the easternomost atoll of Kiribati. The atoll is part of the Southern Line Islands. In total, the atoll consists of 39 islets(motus), which cover a surface (landmass) of about . The atoll covers an area of about
It was first sighted by Europeans in 1606, it was claimed by the United Kingdom in 1868. It has been part of the Republic of Kiribati since the island nation's independence in 1979. Caroline Island has remained relatively untouched and is considered one of the world's most pristine tropical islands, despite guano mining, copra harvesting, and human habitation in the 19th and 20th centuries. It is home to one of the world's largest populations of the coconut crab and is an important breeding site for seabirds, most notably the sooty tern.
The atoll is currently designated as a wildlife sanctuary. In 2014 the Kiribati government established a 12-nautical-mile fishing exclusion zone around each of the southern Line Islands (Caroline (commonly called Millennium), Flint, Vostok, Malden, and Starbuck). Both Flint and wostok are about to the west. Papeete, Thahiti is about to the south.
Geography
It extends about from north to south, and about from east to west. The total landmass is just . The coral reef extends about out. The lagoon is very shallow, and normal boats usually cannot enter. At high tide, it is possible to reach a beach with a boat. At low tide, a walk of about in waist-deep water is required.
In the north and in the south, there are bigger islands. The one in the north is called Nake Island, the one in the south is called South Island. Both have freshwater sources. There are aquifers on both.
In 1994, Kiribati changed the International date line, so that all of Kiribati would have the same date. This meant that Caroline atoll would be the first landmass on earth with the new date. For the year-2000 celebrations, the atoll was renamed Millennium Island. Other names in the past have included Hirst Island, Clark Island and Independence Island.
The island is an important breeding place for birds. The only known mammal on the atoll is a rat.
Image gallery
References
Islands of Oceania
Saint Martin (disambiguation)

Saint Martin is an island in the Caribbean Sea.
It can also refer to:
St. Martin's Island in the Bay of Bengal
Collectivity of Saint Martin, the French part of the island in the Caribbean
Saint Martin (Netherlands), the Dutch part of the island
Saint-Martin, Valais, a municipality in Valais, Switzerland
Ethel Skakel Kennedy

Ethel Skakel (born April 11, 1928) is an American activist and politician. She is the widow of Robert F. Kennedy. Her son is Robert F. Kennedy, Jr..
Skakel was born on April 11, 1928 in Chicago, Illinois. She studied at Manhattanville College of the Sacred Heart in 1945.
Skakel met Robert while he was dating her sister. On June 17, 1950, Robert and Ethel married in Greenwich, Connecticut. They had eleven children. Two of their children died.
Skakel supported Barack Obama during his 2008 campaign.
References
Other websites
American Experience: RFK People & Events --From PBS
1928 births
Living people
American activists
American socialites
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Kennedy family
Politicians from Chicago
Politicians from Connecticut
Robert F. Kennedy
Falco Lombardi

is a fictional character from the Star Fox series of video games. He was created by Shigeru Miyamoto and designed by Takaya Imamura. He is an anthropomorphic falcon or pheasant, and is the friend of main character Fox McCloud.
In the English versions of the Star Fox games, a number of actors have voiced Falco. Hisao Egawa has voiced him in all of the Japanese versions. In addition to the Star Fox games, he is also a playable character in Super Smash Bros. Melee and Super Smash Bros. Brawl.
References
Fictional characters introduced in 1993
Nintendo video game characters
Star Fox
Lata Mondal

Lata Mondal (born: 16 January 1993) is a Bangladeshi cricketer who plays for the Bangladesh national women's cricket team. She is a right handed bat.
References
Other websites
1993 births
Nezapir

Nezapir (Urdu: nyz pyr) is a village area located in the Haveli District of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. It has a population of about 112,000. Neza pir sector is located near the Line of Control, and has been an area of tension between the two neighboring countries, Pakistan and India.
References
Villages in Pakistan
Azad Kashmir
2010 Stanley Cup Finals

The 2010 Stanley Cup Final was the best-of-seven NHL championship series of the 2010 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was between the Western Conference champion Chicago Blackhawks and the Eastern Conference champion Philadelphia Flyers. It was Chicago's eleventh time in the Final. The last time was in 1992 with a loss to the Pittsburgh Penguins. It was Philadelphia's eighth time in the Final. The last time was in 1997 with a loss to the Detroit Red Wings. Chicago beat Philadelphia four games to two to win their fourth Stanley Cup.
Blackhawks captain Jonathan Toews won the Most Valuable Player. He was the first Blackhawks player to win this honor.
References
Ice hockey competitions
Stanley Cup Finals
2010 in ice hockey
Chicago Blackhawks
Philadelphia Flyers
2010 in Illinois
2010s in Chicago
2010s in Pennsylvania
Winslow, Maine

Winslow is a town in Kennebec County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
David A. Kessler

David Aaron Kessler (born May 13, 1951) is an American pediatrician, lawyer, author, and administrator (both academic and governmental). He was the Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) from November 8, 1990 to February 28, 1997.
On November 9, 2020, Kessler was announced as one of the three co-chairs of Joe Biden's COVID-19 Advisory Board, alongside former U.S. Surgeon General Vivek Murthy and Yale public health professor Marcella Nunez-Smith in his administration.
He was the head of Operation Warp Speed, the U.S. government program to accelerate the development of COVID-19 vaccines and other treatment, from January to February 2021.
References
Other websites
Official FDA Bio
David A. Kessler Named New Dean of UCSF School of Medicine
"Bacon as a Weapon of Mass Destruction" - video by Democracy Now!
1951 births
Living people
Commissioners of the Food and Drug Administration
Lawyers from New York City
Writers from New York City
Li Xiannian

Li Xiannian (; 23 June 1909 - 21 June 1992) was a Chinese politician. He was the 3rd President of the People's Republic of China from 18 June 1983 until 8 April 1988 and 5th Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference until his death.
References
Other websites
Vitae
1909 births
1992 deaths
Presidents of the People's Republic of China
Gilles Latulippe

Gilles Latulippe (31 August 1937 - 23 September 2014) was a Canadian actor, comedian and theatre director and manager. Latulippe is a central figure in the history of comic theatre in Quebec. In 1998, he was named Quebec's favorite actor by the daily tabloid Le Journal de Montreal.
Latulippe was born in Montreal, Quebec and died from lung cancer there.
References
Other websites
1937 births
2014 deaths
Actors from Montreal
Canadian comedians
Canadian movie actors
Canadian stage actors
Cancer deaths in Quebec
Deaths from lung cancer
Canadian theatre directors
Tenzin (The Legend of Korra)

is a major character in Nickelodeon's animated television series The Legend of Korra, which aired from 2012 to 2014.
The character and the series, a sequel to Avatar: The Last Airbender, were created by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko. He is voiced by J. K. Simmons.
Tenzin's father, Aang, was the Avatar before Korra and kept world peace by preventing the Fire Nation from destroying the Earth Kingdom during the 100-year war. Tenzin's mother is Katara. Tenzin is the youngest of the three children of Aang and Katara.
References
Characters of Avatar: The Last Airbender
Fictional characters introduced in 2012
Shamanism

Shamanism is a practice where a practitioner reaches altered states of consciousness. Supposedly, the shaman perceives and interacts with a spirit world, and channels these energies into this world.
A shaman is a person regarded as having access to, and influence in, the world of good and bad spirits. They usually enter into a trance state during a ritual, and do divination and healing. To become a shaman, a person has to have had a near death experience (a "shamanic illness").
The name "shaman" comes from the Evenki people in Siberia.
Shamans play a central role in these movements, as they can be in both worlds, this one, and the world of spirits.
Beliefs
Spirits are real and can do things in the real world.
There are good and evil spirits.
Healing can be done in the spirit and real world.
A person's spirit can leave their body and go into the world of the spirits.
Animal shapes are used to interact with the spirits.
Shamanism is different from animism.
Films
Quantum Men (Carlos Serrano Azcona) Spain 2011
Other Worlds (Jan Kounen) France 2004
Bells From the Deep (Werner Herzog) Germany 1993
The Mad Masters (Jean Rouch) France 1955
Au pays des mages noirs (Jean Rouch) France 1947
References
Religious leaders
Cultural anthropology
Awa Dance Festival

The Awa Dance Festival is held in Tokushima, Japan. It held in the biggest street of the town from 12 to 15 August. It is part of the Obon festival. Both of men and women wear yukata, a Japanese traditional cloth. The man wear a Japanese towel. The women wear bamboo hat. They dance and walk with the musical accompaniment. Shamisens, flutes, gongs and drums are played around the city. Men and women dance differently. There are some groups called "ren". The groups have different styles of dance. There are some new groups called "niwaka ren". Beginning dancers can participate in Awa dance in niwaka-ren groups. The Awa dance has a unique song. The phrase is "Odoru ahou ni miru ahou onaji ahou nara odorana son son". It means that "The dancers are fools. The watchers are fools. Both are fools alike so, Why not dance?" In brief, dancers invite watchers.
References
www.ganshodo.co.jp
Festivals in Japan
Dance
August events
Sandnes

Sandnes () is a city and a municipality in Rogaland county, Norway.
Other websites
Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway
Municipality website
Region Stavanger & Ryfylke toursist website
Website about the city
Cities in Norway
Municipalities of Norway
Pope Celestine V

Pope Celestine V(; 1215 - 19 May 1296), born Pietro Angelerio di Morrone, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 193rd Pope for less than six months in 1294.
Celestine V is a saint of the Catholic Church.
Early life
Pietro Angelerio was born in the Neopolitan province of Moline.
Priest
In 1232, Angelerio became a Benedictine monk at age 17; and he was later ordained a priest.
Pope
In July 1294, the monk was elected pope; and in the same year, he abdicated or resigned from his office.
Pope Boniface VIII confined the former pope in the castle of Fumone, and he died there.
After his death
In 1313, Celestine was made a saint by Pope Clement V.
Related pages
List of popes
Abdication
References
Other websites
Catholic Hierarchy, Pope Celestine V
Italian popes
1215 births
1296 deaths
Benedictines
Jarnsaxa (moon)

Jarnsaxa or Saturn L (provisional designation S/2006 S 6) is a moon of Saturn. Its discovery was announced by Scott S. Sheppard, David C. Jewitt, Jan Kleyna, and Brian G. Marsden on June 26, 2006, from images taken between January 5 and April 29, 2006.
Jarnsaxa is about in diameter, and orbits Saturn at an average distance of in 943.784 days, at an inclination of 162.9deg to the ecliptic (164.1deg to Saturn's equator), with an eccentricity of 0.1918. It is a member of the Norse group of non-spherical moons.
It is named after Jarnsaxa, a giantess (female giant) in Norse mythology.
References
Institute for Astronomy Saturn Satellite Data
IAUC 8727: Satellites of Saturn 2006 June 30 (discovery)
MPEC 2006-M45: Eight New Satellites of Saturn 2006 June 26 (discovery and ephemeris)
MPEC 2007-D79: S/2006 S 6 2007 February 28 (recovery)
IAUC 8873: Satellites of Saturn (subscription-only) 2007 September 20 (naming)
Saturn's moons
Carmelites

The Order of the Brothers of Our Lady of Mount Carmel or Carmelites (sometimes simply Carmel; ) is a Roman Catholic religious order. It was begun in the 12th century on Mount Carmel, from which the order receives its name. St. Albert of Jerusalem gave the group its rule for life in 1206. Few clear records of early Carmelite history have survived. Women were officially accepted into the Order as nuns in 1452.
References
Roman Catholic religious orders
Moacir (footballer, born 1936)

Moacir Claudino Pinto (born 18 May, 1936) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.
References
1936 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Scarface (rapper)

Brad Terrence Jordan (born November 9, 1970 in Houston, Texas), known by his stage name, Scarface, is an American rapper. He is best known as being a member of the rap group, Geto Boys. Scarface also appears in the video games Def Jam Vendetta and Def Jam: Fight for NY. He is cited as being an influence to many different rappers.
Discography
Albums
Scarface has released 12 studio albums:
References
1970 births
Living people
American Muslims
Rappers from Texas
Singers from Houston
Saltopus

Saltopus was a small, lightly-built Upper Triassic reptile. So few bones were found that its exact nature is not known.
It was 60 centimeters (23 in) long, not much bigger than a rabbit, and was discovered in Scotland by Friedrich von Huene in 1910.
It was a carnivore. Not much more can be said until more remains are discovered.
Reptiles
Fossils
List of NHL franchise post-season appearance streaks

These are lists of active and all-time National Hockey League (NHL) franchise post-season appearance, post-season series win, Stanley Cup Final and Stanley Cup streaks up to and including the 2017-18 NHL season and subsequent 2018 Stanley Cup playoffs. These lists do not include the canceled 2004-05 NHL season.
Longest active streaks
Post-season appearance streaks
A post-season appearance streak is continued by making the NHL playoffs in consecutive years after the regular season. Since the first round of the playoffs consists of 8 series, there will always be 16 teams in this list (of the 31 teams in the NHL).
Post-season series win streaks
This is a list of teams that have active post-season series win streaks. A post-season series win streak is continued by making the post-season and winning at least the first round series of the playoffs. Since the first round of the playoffs consists of 16 teams in 8 series, there will always be 8 teams in this list, the winners of those series.
Longest all-time streaks
Post-season appearance streaks
This section has been updated to include teams who appeared in the 2017 Stanley Cup playoffs.
1 The Bruins' 29 consecutive is the second longest post-season streak in North American major professional sports history, and the longest of the "Big 4". This compares to the CFL's Edmonton Eskimos 34 consecutive, the NBA's Syracuse Nationals/Philadelphia 76ers 22 consecutive, the MLB's Atlanta Braves 14 consecutive, the MLS' LA Galaxy 10 consecutive, and the NFL's 9 consecutive shared by two teams.
2 The nickname of the Chicago team was the "Black Hawks" for the majority of the streak - 17 of the 28 seasons. They were renamed the "Blackhawks" in 1986.
3 The Montreal Canadiens only missed the playoffs once - by a tie-breaker - in the 46 seasons from 1948-49 to 1993-94. In the 1969-70 season, they tied for fourth and last playoff spot with the New York Rangers, but were eliminated on total goals scored tiebreak (they scored 244 goals to New York's 246).
4 Includes 5 seasons as the Atlanta Flames (1975-76 through 1979-80), and 11 seasons as the Calgary Flames (1980-81 through 1990-91)
5 The Edmonton Oilers streak is the longest run from the NHL debut of a franchise, starting from the first year they were in the NHL (1979-80); although they aren't included in the NHL streak, they also made the WHA playoffs the preceding 4 seasons (1975-76 through 1978-79), for a streak of 17 consecutive playoff appearances in major professional hockey.
6 Includes 1 season as the Quebec Nordiques (1994-95), and 10 seasons as the Colorado Avalanche (1995-96 through 2005-06)
7 No post season occurred in 2005 due to the season long NHL lockout.
Post-season series win streaks
Consecutive seasons with at least one series victory.
Stanley Cup Final appearance streaks
Stanley Cup win streaks
1 Not the current Ottawa franchise. This franchise, an original member of the NHL, folded following the 1934-35 NHL season after playing one year as the St. Louis Eagles.
References
Franchise post-season appearance streaks
The Flintstones (movie)

The Flintstones is a 1994 comedy movie based on the Hanna-Barbera cartoon of the same name. It was directed by Brian Levant and featured John Goodman as Fred Flintstone and Rick Moranis as Barney Rubble. It's success lead to a 2000 prequel.
Cast
John Goodman as Fred Flintstone
Rick Moranis as Barney Rubble
Elizabeth Perkins as Wilma Flintstone
Rosie O' Donnell as Betty Rubble
Kyle MacLachlan as Cliff Vandercave
Halle Berry as Sharon Stone
Harvey Korman as the voice of the Dictabird
Elizabeth Taylor as Pearl Slaghoople
Mel Blanc as the voice of Dino (archive sound)
1994 movies
1994 comedy movies
American comedy movies
Movies composed by David Newman
Movies set in prehistory
The Flintstones
Universal Pictures movies
BBC Radio 2

BBC Radio 2 is a radio station run by the BBC which is heard across the United Kingdom It started in 1967, replacing the BBC Light Programme. It is the most popular of the BBC stations with more than 15 million listeners a week in 2017. The audience is mostly adults over the age of 35.
Radio 2 mostly plays music from a period lasting over 40 year. For example, it plays classic pop songs, rock, jazz and folk.
References
Other websites
, from BBC iPlayer.
1967 establishments in the United Kingdom
2
Modest Tchaikovsky

Modest Ilyich Tchaikovsky (13 May 1850 - 15 January 1916) was a Russian dramatist, opera librettist and translator. Like his famous composer brother Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, he was a homosexual. In 1876, Modest tutored a deaf-mute boy and eventually helped him to talk, write, and read. Modest wrote three plays and the libretti for several operas, including his brother's The Queen of Spades and Iolanta. He translated Shakespeare's Sonnets, and wrote his brother's biography. He died in Moscow in 1916.
References
1850 births
1916 deaths
Russian playwrights
Russian LGBT people
Gay men
Least developed country

A least developed country (LDC) is a country that the United Nations considers to be the least developed out of all the countries in the world. They normally have the lowest ratings on the Human Development Index. The idea to name LDCs started in the late 1960s. The first group of LDCs was listed by the UN in November 1971.
Classification process
Indicators are used to determine whether a country is a least devleoped country.
The gross domestic product, per person, is low. Currently, the average over three years is considered.
An index measuring social factors, such as health, education and literacy among adults. Currently, the Human Assets Index is used for this purpose.
A third index looks at how vulnerable the economy is as a whole. Currently, the Economic Vulnerability Index is used.
To be considered a least developed country, a country must have high levels of poverty, low human resources and a vulnerable economy. The UN looks at indicators, such as gross national income, nutrition, health, education and literacy. Economic vulnerability is recorded on the Economic Vulnerability Index.
LDC criteria are reviewed every three years. Countries may stop being considered an LDC when indicators show that they have become developed enough. Since the LDC category was created, four countries have graduated to developing country status. The first country to do this was Botswana in 1994. The second was Cape Verde, in 2007. Then Maldives in 2011, and Samoa in 2014. It is expected that Equatorial Guinea and Vanuatu will be the next countries to be promoted from LDC status.
, there are 48 least developed countries. There are also three countries which meet the criteria for LDC status, but have asked to not be included in the index: Ghana, Papua New Guinea and Zimbabwe.
Current list
The "least developed countries" according to the United Nations:
Africa (34 countries)
Asia (9 countries)
Oceania (4 countries)
Americas (1 country)
Related pages
Developed country
Developing country
Third world
List of countries by Human Development Index
Poverty line
Small Island Developing States
References
More reading
United Nations, "LDCs: Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Developing Countries, and Small Island Developing States"
World Trade Organisation, ""WTO Launches Trade Initiative for Least Developed Countries", FOCUS newsletter, WTO, Geneva, Switzerland, November 1997 issue 24.
Other websites
Office of the High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, United Nations
United Nations List of LDCs
Economic geography
Prades (Pyrénées-Orientales)

Prades ( or, simply, Prada) is a commune in the Pyrenees-Orientales department in southern France. It was the capital of the historic Catalan comarque of Conflent.
It is a subprefecture in the department and the capital of the Prades arrondissement.
Name of the city
In Catalan, the name of the commune is Prada, a word that comes from the Latin word prata ("prairie").
Geography
Prades is the main ciy of the Conflent, a natural region of the Pyrenees-Orientales; it is at the foothill of the Canigou mountain, to the west of Perpignan. The Tet river flows through the city.
It has an area of and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .
The commune is at from Perpignan. It is surrounded by the communes Catllar, Eus, Los Masos, Clara, Taurinya, Codalet, Ria-Sirach.
Climate
The climate in Prades in the Koppen climate classification is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.
Population
The inhabitants of Prades city are known, in French, as Pradeens (women: Pradeennes); Pradencs and Pradenques in Catalan.
With a population in 2014 of 5,927, Prades has a population density of inhabitants/km2.
Evolution of the population in Prades
Administration
Prades is a subprefecture of the Pyrenees-Orientales department since 1790. It is also the capital of the arrondissement of Prades and the administrative centre () of the canton Les Pyrenees catalanes with 62 communes and 26,765 inhabitants in 2014.
It is part of the intercommunality Conflent Canigo ().
Twinned and partner towns
Prades is twinned with:
Ripoll, Spain, from 1969
Kitzingen, Germany, from 1984
Lousa, Portugal, from 1991
Sites of interest
Some places of interest in or around Prades are:
Saint-Peter church with its bell-tower
Saint-Martin de Canoha (Sant Marti de Canoa) chapel
Jacomet House, dating back from the XVth century
People from or related to Prades
Pierre Nicolas Camille Jacquelin du Val (1828-1862), entomologist born in Prades.
Thomas Merton (1915-1968), trappist monk born in Prades.
Prades was also the adopted home of cellist Pablo Casals and grammarian Pompeu Fabra during their exile from the Spanish Civil War. A small museum in Prades commemorates Casals.
Gallery
Related pages
Arrondissement of Prades
Communes of the Pyrenees-Orientales department
References
Other websites
Mairie de Prades website
Prades tourist information office
Universitat Catalana d'Estiu (Catalan Summer University)
Subprefectures in France
Communes in Pyrenees-Orientales
X-ray tetra

The X-ray tetra, also known as the X-ray fish, is a species of fish. It is called like that because it looks like an X-ray. However, instead of X-ray tetra, it is also called the X-ray fish in some clip arts.
Characiformes
FIFA Confederations Cup

The FIFA Confederations Cup (formally known as the King Fahd Cup) was an Association football tournament for national teams held by FIFA. It was played with the winner of the FIFA confederation championships (UEFA, CONMEBOL, CONCACAF, CAF, AFC, OFC), as well as the FIFA World Cup holder and the host. The number of teams was eight. The tournament was regarded as an early step on the way to the FIFA World Cup.
Winners
*: hosts
References
1992 establishments
2019 disestablishments
Bakhshali

Bakhshali is a village and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34deg17'0N 72deg9'0E and has a height of 307 metres (1010 ft).
History
The village is famous for being the place where the Bakhshali manuscript was found. This is an ancient mathematical work written on birch bark and is the oldest surviving document in South Asia of Indian mathematics. It was discovered in 1881 during British rule by a tenant of Mian An-Wan-Udin, a police inspector. The tenant discovered it while he was digging in an abandoned building.
Bakhshali today
In March 2007 there were attacks made on music shops in Bakhshali. Two people were injured and one was killed in attacks by an unidentified extremist group who attacked the bazaar shooting and killing the watchman of the Seven Stars music centre.
In August 2007 the people of Bakhshali observed a strike against power cuts. They blocked the main Mardan to Bakshali road in protest. The protectors said that the power cuts were harming business and their children's studies. The village has also been affected by violence between the Taliban and the government; on 24 January 2008 the militants attacked the vehicle of former Health minister Syed Kamal Shah injuring his guard. The rebels have also been pressuring local people to stop listening to music as well launching bomb attacks in the area.
On 15 August a meeting of elders in Mardan decided to set up anti-Taliban group similar to one that has been stated in neighbouring Buner District. According to Shakoor Khan, an elder from Bakhshali who attended the meeting, "Before the Taliban resorts to torching more schools, we have decided to resist them".
Related pages
Bakhshali manuscript
References
Union Councils of Mardan District
Quraysh (surah)

Surat Quraysh (Arabic: swr@ qrysh ) (after the tribe of Quraysh) is the 106th chapter of the Qur'an. It is a Makkah sura that consists of four ayat. It urges the Quraysh tribe who dominated Mecca to serve Allah, who had protected them, for the sake of their own future.
Other websites
Quraysh at Sacred Texts
Quraysh at Altafsir.com
Chapters in the Quran
Landover, Maryland

Landover is a suburban census-designated place (CDP) in Prince George's County, Maryland.
Census-designated places in Maryland
Angstrom

An angstrom or angstrom (symbol A) is a unit of length that equals 0.1 nanometer (nm). It can be written in scientific notation as 1x10-10 m (normalized notation) or (exponential notation) -- both mean . It is sometimes used to express the sizes of atoms, lengths of chemical bonds and visible-light spectra, and dimensions of parts of integrated circuits. For example, a single atom is about two angstroms wide, and a human hair is about a million angstroms thick.
History
The angstrom is named after the Swedish physicist Anders Jonas Angstrom (1814-1874), one of the founders of spectroscopy who is known also for studies of astrophysics, flow of heat, the earth's magnetic field, and the aurora borealis.
In 1868, Angstrom created a spectrum chart of solar radiation that expresses each wavelength in the spectrum of sunlight in multiples of one ten-millionth of a millimetre, or 1 metres. This unit of length later became known as the angstrom, A.
Human beings can see light having wavelengths ranging from about 4,000 angstroms (violet) to 7,000 angstroms (deep red), so the angstrom was a convenient unit of measurement. Because of its closeness to the scale of atoms and molecules it was also popular in chemistry and crystallography.
Today, the use of the angstrom as a unit is less popular than it used to be, and the nanometre (nm) is often used instead (The angstrom is officially discouraged by the International Committee for Weights and Measures, and by the American National Standard for Metric Practice.)
References
Units of length
Cameo (carving)

A cameo is a kind of small sculpture. A cameo has an image in relief. The image is often a different colour to the background. An intaglio is the opposite of cameo.
History
Cameos with portraits of people were common in the jewellery of Classical Antiquity. This type of cameo was also common in the Renaissance.
References
Sculpture
La Jura

La Jura is an Italian opera in five acts, with music and libretto by Gavino Gabriel. It was first performed in Cagliari, in 1928. On April 8, 1958 it was performed in Naples.
Principal characters
Jaconi - tenor
Pasca - soprano
Anghilesa - mezzo-soprano
Buredda - baritone
Filianu - bass
Matalena - mezzo-soprano
References
1920s operas
1928 works
Bison antiquus

Bison antiquus, sometimes called the "ancient bison", was the most common large herbivore that lived in North America during the Pleistocene for over ten thousand years, and is a direct ancestor of the living American bison.
References
Mammals of North America
Rautavesi

Rautavesi is a lake in western Finland. It is in Sastamala in the Pirkanmaa region.
Lakes of Finland
Intamin

Intamin Worldwide is a designing and manufacturing company in Wollerau, Switzerland. They are known for building thrill rides and roller coasters. The Intamin name stands for: INTernational AMusement INstallations. They distribute about 5-7 roller coasters from their workshops every year.
The first roller coaster they built was The Jr. Gemini (new name Wilderness Run) at Cedar Point in 1979. After that, they installed a total of 181 roller coasters around the world.
Roller coasters built by Intamin
References
Other websites
Official website
Manufacturing companies of Switzerland
Gopal Bahadur Bam

Gopal Bahadur Bam is a Nepalese Politician. He is serving as the Member Of The House Of Representatives and was elected from Mugu-1, Province No. 6. He is a member of the CPN (Unified Socialist).
References
1971 births
Living people
Nepalese politicians
Bathurst, New South Wales

Bathurst is a city in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is about 200km west of Sydney. Bathurst has a campus of Charles Sturt University and a cathedral.
Bathurst is famous for Mount Panorama racetrack. Every year the Bathurst 1000 motor race happens over Easter. The race is a 1000 km event. The racetrack is 6.213km. It usually takes drivers about 7 hours to complete the race.
References
Cities in New South Wales
Johnny Sheffield

Johnny Sheffield (April 11, 1931October 15, 2010) was an American child actor. He won the part of Boy in the 1939 movie Tarzan Finds a Son! after beating out more than 300 other children. He co-starred with Johnny Weissmuller in seven more Tarzan movies. He also played Bomba, the Jungle Boy in 12 movies between 1949 and 1955. He retired from acting after the twelfth and last Bomba movie. He went on to get a business degree at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). He worked in contracting and real estate. He died of a heart attack after falling off a ladder while pruning a palm tree. He was married and had two sons and a daughter.
List of movies
References
Other websites
The Guardian:Johnny Sheffield obituary
"Matt's Bomba the Jungle Boy Movie Guide"
Johnny Sheffield; findagrave.com
Bomba Speaks
American child actors
1931 births
2010 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Actors from Pasadena, California
Viviana Sofronitsky

Viviana Sofronitsky is a classical pianist. She was born in Russia. Her father was Russian-Soviet pianist Vladimir Sofronitsky.
Education
Sofronitsky studied at the Central Music School in Moscow and obtained her doctor degree at the Moscow Conservatory.
Career
Before moving to the United States in 1989, she was touring as a solo artist in the USSR. In 1990, after gaining experience by working at Oberlin College, she moved to Canada. In Toronto Sofronitsky had an active career, partnered with various members of the Tafelmusik Baroque Orchestra and founded the Academy Concert Series.
Being more drawn to historical performance, Sofronitsky decided to get a degree in harpsichord, fortepiano and early music teaching at the Royal Conservatory in the Hague. In 2001 she moved to the Czech Republic, where she married a fortepiano builder Paul McNulty. In 2010 Viviana Sofronitsky recorded all Mozart works for keyboard instrument with orchestra on original historical instruments.
References
Other websites
Viviana Sofronitsky official website
Viviana Sofronitsky. Wigmore Hall, London. INDEPENDENT.CO.UK.
Naturalized citizens of Canada
Living people
Russian pianists
Russian classical musicians
1960 births
Canadian musicians
Classical pianists
Performers of early music