pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Nader Shah

Nader Shah Afshar () was a Shah, or king, of Iran from 1736 to 1747. He was also the founder of the Afsharid dynasty .
During the time he ruled Iran, he attacked India and defeated Muhammad Shah, conquered Delhi, and agreed to retreat for Indian wealth and gold.
Sources
References
1747 deaths
History of Iran
1698 births
Caroline Bittencourt

Caroline Bittencourt (13 December 1981 - 28 April 2019) was a Brazilian model and television presenter. In 1997, she started her modelling career at the age of 15. She lived in Italy for a time and worked for fashion houses such as Valentino and Roberto Cavalli. She later worked on television for RedeTV!, as a reporter for the Top Report program, and on RecordTV's Hoje em Dia. She was born in Sao Paulo.
On 28 April 2019, Bittencourt died by drowning during a boat trip off the coast of Ilhabela, Sao Paulo state. She was 37.
References
Other websites
1981 births
2019 deaths
Accidental deaths by drowning
Brazilian models
People from Sao Paulo
Brazilian television presenters
Girl Gone Wild

"Girl Gone Wild" is the name of the second single, which is coming out in 2012 from Madonna's album MDNA. Jenson Vaughan, Madonna, and her producers wrote the song together. Benny Benassi and Alle Benassi produced the song with Madonna. The song was released for digital download on March 2, 2012.
References
2012 songs
Madonna (entertainer) songs
The Maritimes

The Maritimes or the Maritime Provinces, is a region of Eastern Canada with three provinces: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island. Along with Newfoundland and Labrador, they form Atlantic Canada.
Some people have proposed merging all three provinces into a single province called the Maritime Union.
Both Great Britain and France settled the area in the 17th century. After the French and Indian War, the British ruled the entire area. The Charlottetown Conference was held in 1864 in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. The Conference was about the various colonies of British North America forming the Canadian Confederation.
References
Regions of Canada
John Wesley Hillman

John Wesley Hillman (March 29, 1832 - March 19, 1915) was an American prospector during the California Gold Rush. He was also an explorer who was among the first European Americans to see Crater Lake in the U.S. state of Oregon. He is credited with discovering the lake.
References
1832 births
1915 deaths
People from New York (state)
Hugh Orde

Hugh Stephen Orde OBE was the Chief Constable of the Police Service of Northern Ireland. He became the Chief Constable on 29 May 2002 and was it until 2009. His first police job was in 1977 at the Metropolitan Police Service. He was made a member of the Order of the British Empire in 2001, and was given a knighthood in 2005.
References
Northern Ireland people
Shelby County, Tennessee

Shelby County is a county in the U.S. state of Tennessee. The population for 2020 was 929,744. Memphis is its county seat.
References
Tennessee counties
North Lauderdale, Florida

North Lauderdale is a city of Florida in the United States.
Cities in Florida
Lascivious behavior

Lascivious behavior, better known as lewdness, indecency or lechery, is sexual behavior or conduct that is called crude and offensive. It is also against certain and other standards of appropriate behavior.
The legal usage
Under American law, the word lascivious is a semi-technical term which means immoral sexual actions, words or thoughts. The term is often used under the legal description of criminal acts wherein certain forms of sexual activity are prohibited.
In the 2000s and after, the word was used for one of several adjectives describing pornography, solicitation for prostitution and indecent acts.
In American law mailing lascivious matter is prohibited thus:
Every obscene, lewd, lascivious, indecent, filthy or vile article, matter, thing, device, or substance ... [i]s declared to be nonmailable matter and shall not be conveyed in the mails or delivered from any post office or by any letter carrier.
References
United States law
Sexual law
Jack Frost (1964 movie)

Jack Frost () is a 1964 Soviet fantasy movie directed by Alexander Rou. It stars Alexander Khvylya, Natalya Sedykh, and Eduard Izotov.
Actors
Alexander Khvylya as Moroz
Natalya Sedykh as Nastya
Eduard Izotov as Ivan
Inna Churikova as Marfushka
Pavel Pavlenko as Nastya's father
Vera Altayskaya as Nastya's stepmother
Georgy Millyar as Baba Yaga
References
Other websites
1964 fantasy movies
Soviet fantasy movies
Movies directed by Aleksandr Rou
The Association

The Association is an American pop music group. It formed in California, United States in 1965. The group was formed by Jules Alexander, Terry Kirkman, Russ Giguere, Jim Yester, Brian Cole, and Ted Bluechel Jr. They have many popular songs such as Cherish, Never My Love, Windy, and Along Comes Mary.
Brian Cole died from an overdose of Heroin on August 2, 1972. He was age 29.
Larry Ramos joined the group in 1967. He died from melanoma on April 30, 2014 at the age of 72.
American pop music groups
James Young Simpson

James Young Simpson (born June 7, 1811 in Scotland) was a qualified doctor by the age of 21 but changed to work as a clerk, due to his traumatic reaction to witnessing mastectomies during his medical training. He sat in several lecture courses as a student, but the anatomical lecture by a Doctor Knox made him choose the career path of midwifery and obstetrics. He became a qualified professor of midwifery at the age of 29, in 1840.
Due to his traumatizing observations of surgery as a student, he decided to experiment with anesthetics. He tried using ether and chloroform, but refused to use ether due to its bad odor. He discovered the anesthetic properties of chloroform, using it in obstetrics, to make childbirth easier and safer. He also invented a new design for the forceps, to make them safer to use. They are now known as "Simpsons' forceps". He was one of the earliest doctors to use midwifes in hospitals.
Chloroform was a good idea, as it put people to sleep, making surgical procedures safer, pain-free, and better for the individuals. It was recognized as an achievement when Queen Victoria herself received chloroform to give birth to her fourth child.
History of medicine
1811 births
British inventors
Scottish medical doctors
Hennepin, Illinois

Hennepin is a village in Illinois in the United States. It is the county seat of Putnam County.
Villages in Illinois
County seats in Illinois
Roy Wood Jr.

Roy Wood, Jr. (born December 11, 1978) is an American humorist, comedian, DJ, actor, producer, and writer.
Other websites
1978 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Alabama
Peggy Saika

Peggy Saika (b. 1945) is a Japanese-American activist.
She was the executive director of Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders in Philanthropy. Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders in Philanthropy is a non-profit organization. They work to improve the lives of Asian American communities. Saika has done a lot of work in California. In 1988, Saika helped open a shelter in San Franciscocalled San Francisco's Asian Women's Shelter. She was chairperson of the board of The California Wellness Foundation. In 1996, she helped found NAPAWF (the National Asian Pacific American Women's Forum) in Los Angeles. Saika has also worked for many other organizations. She is the Interim CEO of Common Counsel. Common Counsel brings resources to social movements across the US. She was also the first executive director of the Asian American Environmental Network. From 1983-1991, she was the executive director of the Asian Law Caucus. Saika is also passionate about women's rights. She organized groups of female activists. She also worked at the Chinatown Health Center. In 2008 she won the LEAD (Leadership for Equity and Diversity) Award. Women & Philanthropy gave her the award. The award is given to people who work for groups that help women.
References
1945 births
Living people
Spencer P. Jones

Spencer Patrick Jones (28 October 1956 - 21 August 2018) was a New Zealand-born Australian guitarist and singer-songwriter. He was born in Te Awamutu, New Zealand. Jones was known for his singles "The World's Got Everything in It" (1995) and "What's Got into Him?" (1997)
From 1976, he worked in Australia and was a member of various groups including The Johnnys, Beasts of Bourbon, Paul Kelly and The Coloured Girls, Chris Bailey and The General Dog, Maurice Frawley and The Working Class Ringos, and Sacred Cowboys.
In May 2012 Australian Guitar magazine rated Jones as one of Australia's Top 40 best guitarists.
In March 2018, Jones was diagnosed with terminal liver cancer. He died on 21 August 2018 from the disease in Sydney, aged 61.
References
Other websites
"Spencer P Jones Live from Byron", ABC DIG Internet Radio, 9 September 2004
1956 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from liver cancer
Cancer deaths in Sydney
New Zealand singers
New Zealand writers
Australian singer-songwriters
Australian guitarists
Phil Austin

Philip Baine Austin (April 6, 1941 - June 18, 2015) was an American comedian and writer. Austin was best known for his work as part of The Firesign Theatre (of which he was the only constant member), where he played the group's best-known creation, Nick Danger.
Other websites
Phil Austin's Blog of the Unknown
Austin's bio on Firesign Theatre site
Phil Austin: The Man Under The Hat
Phil Austin on IMDB
1941 births
2015 deaths
Comedians from Denver
Writers from Denver
John Galliano

John Galliano, also known as Juan Carlos Antonio Galliano-Guillen (born on November 28, 1960 in Gibraltar) is a world-renowned British fashion designer. After studying design at St. Martin's School of Art in London, he sold his French Revolution-inspired graduation collection to a London retailer shop. He launched his own line in 1984. From 1995 to 1996 he designed haute couture and ready-to-wear at the House of Givenchy. In 1996, he was appointed creative director of Christian Dior. Being in charge of Dior and his own label, he designs for six collections a year plus a mid-season line under his label "G Galliano". In 2001 Galliano was made a Commander of the British Empire. In March 2011 he was sacked from Dior because anti-semitic remarks which he made appeared on the internet, and were being investigated by the police in Paris.
Galliano's historically influenced designs are an adaptation of traditional styles into highly contemporary pieces. His shows are theatrical and his runway tableau are often likened to performance art. Thirties-influenced chiffon cut on the bias is among Galliano's signatures, as are imaginative hats. He is known for his end-of-show looks, where he stuns his audience with eccentric, avant-garde appearances in continuance with the show's inspiration.
Galliano also owns other product lines like eyewear, fragrances, jeans, lingerie and shoes. Since 2004, Galliano has collaborated with Diptyque, creating scented candles.
Galliano is openly gay.
References
Other websites
John Galliano Official website
John Galliano - Biography
1960 births
Living people
British fashion designers
British LGBT people
Gibraltarians
LGBT fashion designers
Paiçandu

Paicandu is a city in the state of Parana in the south of Brazil. Paicandu was founded in 1948.
History
During 1938 and 1940 the area of land where is the County Paicandu was inhabited by Native Americans and caboclos. There was a small cemetery that was the point of reference in the dense virgin forest, where were buried those who died at that time.
In the period 1942-1944, the first explorers of Minas Gerais and Sao Paulo were attracted by the fertility of the land. It was suitable for growing coffee. At the time the land was cleared, coffee was the largest source of wealth in the region. Facing all sorts of difficulties, farmers built their small farms and formed their crops.
The prospects for progress attract residents from different parts of the country. Trade prospered dramatically with the installation of warehouses and general merchandise. The good quality land started the first agricultural productions, especially the coffee culture.
Its name is a honor to the Brazilian Army. In the Uruguayan War, the army conquered the Uruguayan city of Paysandu.
Geography
Area: 171,604 km2
Altitude: 550,00 m
Distance from Curitiba, the state capital: 449 km
Distance from Paranagua, Parana's primary seaport: 540 km
Distance from Maringa, site of the nearest major airport: 7 km
Economy
Participation in the Municipal GIP
Agriculture: 8.72%
Industry: 38.92%
Services: 52.35%
GDP: U.S. $ 39,784,126.08%
GDP per capita: U.S. $ 1,651.07%
Economically Active Population: 14597.00 hab.
Cities in Parana State
1948 establishments in South America
1940s establishments in Brazil
Evan Bourne

Matthew Joseph Korklan (born March 19, 1983 in St. Louis, Missouri), is an American professional wrestler. He is best known for his time working with the WWE where he competed under the ring name Evan Bourne. He also wrestled for TNA Wrestling from 2004 to 2005.
He won a Slammy Award in 2008 for Best Finishing Maneuver (Air Borne (Shooting Star Press)).
On June 12, 2014, Bourne was released from his WWE contract.
References
Other websites
WWE profile
1983 births
American professional wrestlers
Former WWE wrestlers
Living people
Sportspeople from St. Louis, Missouri
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling alumni
Giorgio Parisi

Giorgio Parisi (born 4 August 1948) is an Italian theoretical physicist. His works focuses on quantum field theory, statistical mechanics and complex systems. He won the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics with Klaus Hasselmann and Syukuro Manabe.
References
1948 births
Living people
Italian physicists
Writers from Rome
Carmelit

The Carmelit () is the first and currently the only rapid transit rail system in Israel. It opened in 1959 after three years of building. It is the oldest metro system and funicular system in the Middle East. The Carmelit has closed down for repairs three times. It was closed from 1986 to 1992 for renovations. The metro has only one line, which runs from Haifa's port to Mount Carmel. It runs from sea level up to an altitude of , with a total of six stations.
The system is named after Mount Carmel.
Gallery
Related pages
Cable cars in Haifa
References
Other websites
Official Carmelit information (in Hebrew). Also available on the municipality's site.
Urbanrail - Haifa Carmelit (in English)
Haifa
Rapid transit systems
Rail transport in Israel
Organizations based in Israel
Fontaine-sous-Montdidier

Fontaine-sous-Montdidier is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Washoe County, Nevada

Washoe County is a county in the U.S. state of Nevada. As of the 2020 census, the population was 486,492, making it Nevada's second-most populous county. The county seat is Reno.
References
Other websites
Nevada counties
1861 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Nevada
Litoria amnicola

The Raja Ampat torrent tree frog (Litoria amnicola) is a frog. It lives in Indonesia. It lives on Salawati Island, which is in the Raja Ampat group of islands.
First paper
References
Frogs of Oceania
The Legend of Zelda: Phantom Hourglass

is a part of Legend of Zelda series of video games. It is for the Nintendo DS. The game is played only using the touch screen on the Nintendo DS. It is a sequel to the 2002/2003 GameCube game The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker. The game was released in Japan on June 23, 2007, in the United States on October 1, 2007, in Australia on October 11, 2007, and in Europe on October 19, 2007. It was followed by a sequel in 2009, The Legend of Zelda: Spirit Tracks, also released for the DS.
The games story happens after The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker's story. The player plays as the main character of the Zelda games, Link. The game will let the player sail around a Ocean using a boat. The game also has an online mode.
2007 video games
Nintendo DS games
Nintendo DS-only games
Virtual Console games
Phantom Hourglass
Roesia de Verdun

Roesia de Verdun was a Norman femme sole. She was one of the most influential women of Ireland in the thirteenth century. Roesia was born in 1204 and died in 1247.
References
Other websites
1204 births
1247 deaths
Tornado outbreak of November 14–16, 2006

From November 15 to 16, 2006, a series of tornadoes broke out across the southern United States. Most of the tornadoes happened on November 15, but ended with a deadly tornado in North Carolina on the morning of November 16.
Synopsis
A moderate risk of severe weather was issued for the Southeast for the night of November 14 and November 15. It began in the overnight hours in Louisana and Arkansas. One tornado killed one person, another tornado in Mississippi led to several injuries, and in Montgomery, Alabama it destroyed a skating rink, but none of the 30 children inside suffered injuries.
As the squall line pushed into Georgia and northern Florida, it allowed for supercells to form. A severe thunderstorm warning was issued for Riegelwood, North Carolina and a tornado warning was issued at 6:29 a.m. ET. At 6:37 a.m., a F3 tornado touched down and struck a mobile home park, killing eight people including a 6-year-old boy and a 13-year-old boy and 20 people were injured.
2006
Tornado outbreaks
2006 in the United States
2006 in weather
Caesar A. Rodney

Caesar Augustus Rodney (January 4, 1772 - June 10, 1824) was an American lawyer and politician from Wilmington, in New Castle County, Delaware. He was a member of the Democratic-Republican Party, who served in the Delaware General Assembly, as well as a U.S. Representative from Delaware, U.S. Senator from Delaware, U.S. Attorney General, and U.S. Minister to Argentina. He was the nephew of Caesar Rodney, the signer of the Declaration of Independence who is pictured on the Delaware state quarter.
References
1772 births
1824 deaths
Politicians from Wilmington, Delaware
United States Attorneys General
United States representatives from Delaware
United States senators from Delaware
Lawyers from Delaware
Chelyabinsk

Chelyabinsk is a city in the Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia. The city is east of the Ural Mountains, on the Miass River, and on the border of Europe and Asia. The city has 1,195,446 people. As of 15 February 2013, the head of the city is Stanislav Mosharov. On February 15, 2013, a meteor hit the city.
References
Other websites
Website about Chelyabinsk
Chelyabinsk city portal
Chelyabinsk News Agency
Capitals of oblasts of Russia
Cities and towns in Chelyabinsk Oblast
Krumbad

Krumbad is a traditional spa in Swabia, Germany at the foot of Alps.
Related pages
List of oldest companies
Krumbach, Bavaria
Other websites
Homepage
Profile on Gesundes Bayern
Spa towns in Germany
Settlements in Gunzburg (district)
Horn (anatomy)

Horns are part of the body of some animals. They grow on the animal's head. They are projections (things that stick out) made of hard skin. The horn has a lot of keratin in it, the same protein that is in human hair and nails.
Normally horned animals will have two horns, but the rhinoceros has just one horn in the middle of its head.
Animals often use their horns for fighting one another.
Thousands of years ago people used the horns of dead animals for musical instruments (see horn (postal horn)). In later times, they were used for carrying gunpowder.
Related pages
Antlers, structures similar to horns
Animal anatomy
Boana caipora

Boana caipora is a frog that lives in Brazil. Scientists have seen it 700 to 800 meters above sea level in Atlantic forest.
First paper
References
Frogs of South America
Gallurese

Gallurese () is a Romance language spoken in the northeastern part of Sardinia. It is seen as being related to the Corsican language and Sardinian language.
The language takes its name from the region of Gallura.
References
Romance languages
Kar98 rifle

The Kar98 is a German bolt-action rifle and it was the German military's main gun during World War II. It is a carbine version of the G98. The Kar98 was made because the G98 was too long to be used well in small spaces.
At the end of World War II, many German soldiers had to give up their weapons, including the Kar98. Despite it being the main gun used by Nazi Germany, it was often used by Israeli soldiers in the 1947-1949 Palestine War.
Rifles
Flag of Utah

The Flag of the State of Utah was adopted in 1913 and has the Seal of Utah encircled in a golden circle on a background of dark navy blue.
In 1912, the Sons and Daughters of Utah Pioneers ordered a custom made copy of the newly adopted state flag to be showed off to the battleship USS Utah, which was commissioned on August 31, 1911. When the flag came, the group found out that the coat of arms on the flag was in full color instead of white, and the manufacturer had added a gold ring around the shield. Rather than have the flag remade, the Utah legislature changed the law to match the battleship flag, and the flag was showed off to the USS Utah.
A bald eagle, the national bird of the United States represents the safety of America. The arrows in the talons of the eagle represent courage in war. The sego lily, the Utah state flower, represents peace. The state motto "industry" represents progress, hard work, and community as does the emblem of the beehive, which is also a traditional Mormon symbol. Crossed Union flags show Utah's support and commitment to the United States. The name, Utah, appears underneath the beehive. The date 1847 represents the year Brigham Young led the first Mormons into the state. The year listed below that, 1896, represents the year that Utah was admitted to the Union. The gold circle around the state seal represents eternal order. The shield underneath the bald eagle represents common defense (military).
The design of the seal was adopted in 1850 by the Territory of Utah and changed by the artist "Harry Edwards" when Utah became a state in 1896.
Flag of the State of Deseret
According to most descriptions, the flag of the State of Deseret was almost the same to the flag of the State of Utah, but as it was not standardized, many other secular and religious alternatives were also used.
References
Utah
Utah
State Duma

The State Duma () is the Lower House of the Parliament. It is a part of the legislative branch of the government of Russia. The State Duma was first introduced in 1906. It was Russia's first elected parliament. In 1922, it was replaced with the Soviet Parliament. It was re-established in 1993.
It makes laws, elects the prime minister and supervises the work of the government. It also has the power to remove the President from office. It can also call new elections. The Duma has de jure authority to make and change any laws without being overturned.
It can pass any law by a simple majority. There are 450 members in the Duma.
Russia
1906 establishments
20th-century establishments in Russia
Government of Russia
You and Me (Alice Cooper song)

"You and Me" is a 1977 song by Alice Cooper. It is from his studio album Lace and Whiskey. It was ranked number 2 in Australia, number 3 in Canada, number 9 in the United States, number 21 in New Zealand, and number 45 in France.
References
1977 songs
1970s ballads
Rock ballads
Alice Cooper songs
Soft rock songs
Janalynn Castelino

Janalynn Castelino (born October 18, 1998) is a pop & R&B singer, songwriter and doctor. She sings in many languages including English, Latin, Hindi, Spanish, etc.
Early life
Janalynn Castelino was born on October 18, 1998 to Roman Catholic parents Lorna & Joseph Castelino. She has Italian and Indian ancestry.
Singing career
Castelino started singing at an early age and was involved in the choir at her Church. Janalynn became popular in 2018, after she uploaded videos of herself performing covers songs on to YouTube. Her music video Binte Dil (Love Ballad) has been viewed more than 22 Million times on YouTube. In 2021, she featured on an interview with the American Songwriter Network. Janalynn appeared on the English digital edition of the L'Idea Magazine.
References
1998 births
Living people
Italian singer-songwriters
Indian singer-songwriters
Pop singers
Italian singers
English singers
Latin singers
Other websites
Official Website
A Ghost Story

A Ghost Story is a 2017 American supernatural drama movie written and directed by David Lowery. It stars Casey Affleck, Rooney Mara, Will Oldham, Sonia Acevedo, Rob Zabrecky, and Liz Franke. Affleck plays a man who becomes a ghost and remains in the house he shares with his wife (Mara).
Release
The movie had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 22, 2017. It was released by A24 on July 7, 2017.
References
2017 drama movies
American independent movies
American drama movies
Russia at the Olympics

Russia has been at the modern Olympic Games many times. They have been called different nations. As the Russian Empire, they were first at the 1900 Games. They returned again in 1908 and 1912. After the Russian revolution in 1917, and the establishment of the Soviet Union in 1922, they were not at the Olympics again until the 1952 Summer Olympics. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russia competed as part of the Unified Team in 1992. They returned once again as Russia at the 1994 Winter Olympics.
The Soviet Union hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. Russia will host the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.
Since 2012, Russian athletes have won a total of 404 medals (399 since 1994) at the Summer Olympic Games. They have another 91 at the Winter Olympic Games. Over the most recent ten Games (since 1994), Russia's 495 total medals, including 170 gold medals, are second only to the United States (with 631 and 237, respectively).
The Russian Olympic Committee was formed in 1991 and recognized in 1993.
Medal tables
*Red border color indicates tournament was held on home soil.
Medals by Summer Games
Medals by Winter Games
Medals by summer sport
Medals by winter sport
Notes
1: partially banned due to the state-sponsored doping program.
2: banned due to the state-sponsored doping program.
Flag Bearers
1994 Winter Olympics - Sergey Chepikov
1996 Summer Olympics - Alexander Karelin
1998 Winter Olympics - Alexey Prokurorov
2000 Summer Olympics - Andrey Lavrov
2002 Winter Olympics - Alexey Prokurorov
2004 Summer Olympics - Alexander Popov
2006 Winter Olympics - Dmitry Dorofeev
2008 Summer Olympics - Andrei Kirilenko
2010 Winter Olympics - Aleksey Morozov
2012 Summer Olympics - Maria Sharapova
Related pages
List of IOC country codes
Soviet Union at the Olympics
References
Other websites
Russian Federation profile at London2012.com
Olympics
Nations at the Olympics
Basadingen-Schlattingen

Basadingen-Schlattingen is a municipality of the district of Diessenhofen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website of Basadingen-Schlattingen
Municipalities of Thurgau
Perú Mágico

Peru Magico is an international television channel.
Television channels in South America
Nelson Pereira dos Santos

Nelson Pereira dos Santos (22 October 1928 - 21 April 2018) was a Brazilian movie director. He directed movies such as Vidas Secas (Barren Lives). He also directed Rio 40deg and How Tasty Was My Little Frenchman.
In 1963, Pereira dos Santos was a member of the jury at the 3rd Moscow International Film Festival. In 1981 he was a member of the jury at the 12th Moscow International Film Festival.
Pereira dos Santos was a member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters since 2006.
Pereira dos Santos died of multiple organ failure complicated by liver cancer in Rio de Janeiro on 12 April 2018 at the age of 89.
References
Other websites
Nelson Pereira dos Santos Bio-Filmography at Senses of Cinema by Hudson Moura
Description of dos Santos by Ephraim Katz
1928 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from liver cancer
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Brazilian movie directors
People from Sao Paulo
Crank from 5th B

Crank from 5th B () is a 1972 Soviet comedy movie directed by Ilya Frez. It stars Andrei Voynovsky, Roza Agisheva, and Tatyana Pelttser.
Actors
Andrei Voynovsky
Roza Agisheva
Tatyana Pelttser as Grandmother
Nina Kornienko
Natalya Bespalova
Nikolay Merzlikin
Yelizaveta Auerbakh
References
Other websites
Soviet movies
1972 movies
Soviet comedy movies
Lusitania

Lusitania () was an ancient Roman province in modern Portugal (south of the Douro river) and part of western Spain (Extremadura and a part of the province of Salamanca).
Places of Ancient Rome
Cyrtodactylus phongnhakebangensis

Cyrtodactylus phongnhakebangensis (Vietnamese: Than lan Phong Nha-Ke Bang) is a type of gecko native to Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh province, Bac Trung Bo, Vietnam. It was found and described in 2002.
References
ZIEGLER, T., ROSLER, H., HERRMANN, H.-W. & VU NGOC THANH(2002): Cyrtodactylus phongnhakebangensis sp.n., ein neuer Bogenfingergecko aus dem annamitischen Karstwaldmassiv, Vietnam. - Herpetofauna, Weinstadt 24(141): 11-25.
Atlas de la terrariophile Vol.3 : les lezards. Animalia Editions, 2003.
Lizards
Quang Binh province
Reptiles of Asia
Swarthmore, Pennsylvania

Swarthmore (locally pronounced , or ) is a borough in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States. Swarthmore was originally named "Westdale" in honor of noted painter Benjamin West. Swarthmore College is here. The borough population was 6,194 as of the 2010 census.
References
Boroughs in Pennsylvania
Darnella Frazier

Darnella Frazier (born March 23, 2003) is an African-American woman, who won the "2021 Special Citation and Award" from the Pulitzer Prize board. The board stated that she was receiving this award Her prize has sometimes been called "an honorary Pulitzer Prize".
In 2020 she got the 2020 PEN/Benenson Courage Award from PEN America.
Early life
Darnella Frazier was born in Saint Paul and grew up there. She went to Roosevelt High School in Minneapolis. She has several siblings.
Frazier was a high school junior (or in the 11th grade) at the time of Floyd's murder.
Related pages
Murder of George Floyd
References
Living people
People from Saint Paul, Minnesota
Pulitzer Prize winners
Wilhelm Busch

Wilhelm Busch (born April 15, 1832 in Wiedensahl, near Hannover; died January 9, 1908 in Mechtshausen) was a German painter and poet who is known for his satirical picture stories.
After studying first mechanical engineering and then art in Dusseldorf, Antwerp, and Munich he started drawing caricatures.
Wilhelm Busch also wrote a number of poems in a style similar to his picture stories. Besides that he produced more than 1,000 oil paintings that were not sold until after his death in 1908.
Works
(with the year of publication)
1859 Die kleinen Honigdiebe
1864 Bilderpossen
1865 Max and Moritz
1866 Schnaken und Schnurren
1867 Hans Huckebein der Unglucksrabe
1868 Schnaken und Schnurren, part II
1869 Schnurrdiburr oder die Bienen Braun
1870 Saint Antonius of Padua
1872 Schnaken und Schnurren, part III
1872 Die fromme Helene
1872 Bilder zur Jobsiade
1872 Pater Filuzius
1873 Der Geburtstag oder die Partikularisten
1874 Dideldum!
1874 Critique of the Heart (orig. Kritik des Herzens)
1875 Adventures of a Bachelor (orig. Abenteuer eines Junggesellen)
1876 Herr und Frau Knopp
1877 Julchen
1878 Die Haarbeutel
1879 Fipps der Affe
1881 Stippstorchen fur Auglein und Ohrchen
1881 Der Fuchs. Die Drachen. - Zwei lustige Sachen
1882 Plisch und Plum
1883 Balduin Bahlamm, der verhinderte Dichter
1884 Maler Klecksel
1891 Eduards Traum
1893 Von mir uber mich (autobiography)
1895 Der Schmetterling
1904 Zu guter Letzt
1908 Hernach
1909 Schein und Sein
1910 Ut oler Welt (legends)
Related pages
Dusseldorf school of painting
List of German painters
References
Other websites
Collection of known works (Gutenberg Project Germany)
Biography and works (in German)
1832 births
1908 deaths
German poets
German painters
Autobiographers
Stellar evolution

Stellar evolution is the study of how a star changes over time. Stars can change very much between when they are first created and when they run out of energy. Because stars can produce light and heat for millions or billions of years, scientists study stellar evolution by studying many different stars in different stages of their life.
The stages in a star's life are: protostar, main-sequence star, red giant and either white dwarf followed by black dwarf, neutron star or black hole.
How a star is born
A star starts its life as a cloud of dust and gas called a nebula. This is pulled together by gravity which causes it to heat up. It also starts to spin and to look like a ball. When it gets hot enough, it starts to release energy through nuclear fusion, changing hydrogen to helium. This makes it shine very brightly and become what astronomers think of as a main-sequence star. It may stay a main-sequence star, looking about the same, for billions of years.
How a star enters old age
Sooner or later, almost all of the hydrogen at the center has changed to helium. This causes the nuclear reaction in the middle of the star to stop and the center will start to get smaller due to the star's gravity. The layer of the star just outside the center will begin to change hydrogen to helium, releasing energy.
The outer layers of the star will get much, much bigger. The star will make much more light, sometimes as much as ten thousand times as much as it did at first. Since the surface of the star will get bigger, this energy will be spread out over a much larger area. Because of this, the temperature of the surface will go down and the color will change to red or orange. It will become a red giant. It can swallow up any planets that orbit around it.
How a star dies
Later, the red giant that was left over from a star like ours stops burning. A cloud of gas is given off and a smaller star called a white dwarf is left behind. After a really long time, the white dwarf cools down into a black dwarf.
But, when a big red giant explodes, the explosion is a lot larger and is called a supernova. Instead of a white dwarf, it leaves behind a much smaller, much denser ball called a neutron star. A neutron star is created because the force of gravity is so strong that the atoms left behind would not have any electrons orbiting the nucleus of the atoms. A teaspoon of that matter might weigh as much as the entire Earth.
A much bigger red giant leaves behind a black hole. A black hole is created because gravity is so strong that even the protons and neutrons collapse in on themselves. Even light can no longer escape a black hole. Since there is nothing we know of stronger than the force that holds atomic nuclei (the plural of 'nucleus') together, some physicists think that a black hole collapses all the way down to a mathematical point called a singularity.
Astrophysics
Saint Mary (movie)

Saint Mary (, also Maryam al-Muqaddasah, Maryam Moghaddas, Maryam Adhraa Maryam Al-Muqadasa; "The Honourable/Blessed Saint Mary") is a 2000 Iranian movie directed by Shahriar Bahrani and starring Parviz Poorhosseini, Mohammad Kasebi, Hossein Yari, Shabnam Gholikhani, Mohammad Poursattar.
Other websites
2000 movies
Iranian movies
Movies about religion
Lars-Emil Johansen

Lars Emil Johansen (born 1946) was the Prime Minister of Greenland. He was the Prime Minister of Greenland from 1991-1997. He was born in Illorsuit. Johansen represented Greenland in the Parliament of Denmark from 1973, a position he regained in 2001 and still holds.
References
1946 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Greenland
Joseph Blackburne

Joseph Henry Blackburne (Manchester, 10 December 1841 - London, 1 September 1924), nicknamed 'The Black Death', was the leading British chess Grandmaster during the later part of the 19th century.
Blackburne learned the game at the relatively late age of 18 but quickly became a strong player. He went on to develop a professional chess career that spanned over 50 years. At one point he was the world's second most successful player, with a string of tournament victories behind him. Blackburne especially enjoyed giving simultaneous and blindfold displays around the country. Blackburne also annotated a collection of his own games (explained the moves), and was a chess correspondent for a leading journal until his death.
"For more than 20 years he was one of the first six players in the world, and for even longer the leading English-born player".p42
Blackburne was fond of Scotch whisky, and often drank during a display. He once drank his opponent's glass, and said: "He left it en prise, and I took it en passant!" Much loved, he was supported by subscriptions from his fans in his last years.
References
1841 births
1924 deaths
British chess players
Sportspeople from Manchester
Rock N Roll McDonald's

The Rock N Roll McDonald's (formerly The Original Rock 'N Roll McDonald's) is a McDonald's restaurant in Chicago, Illinois. It is one of the most famous McDonald's locations in the world and was once the busiest in the United States.
The restaurant, in the River North section of the Near North Side community area (neighborhood) of Chicago, a few city blocks west of the Magnificent Mile, had been a tourist attraction since it opened in 1983.
After the demolition of the original building, the present building opened in 2005 and originally had a seating capacity of 300. The original 1983 building and the first design of the rebuilt 2005 structure site held a rock and roll exhibit in a building next to the restaurant and a small upstairs McDonald's museum display.
The building features the first two-lane McDonald's drive-through, a cafe, flat panel televisions and a green roof. In 2017, a redesign of the restaurant planned to remove the Rock N Roll theme for a more modernized version, which opened on August 8, 2018.
References
Buildings and structures in Chicago
McDonald's
1983 establishments in the United States
1980s establishments in Illinois
Wienerschnitzel

Wienerschnitzel is an American fast food chain founded in 1961 (as "Der Wienerschnitzel") that specializes in hot dogs, also known as the World's Largest Hot Dog Chain. Wienerschnitzel locations are found predominantly in California and Texas, though others are located in Arizona, Colorado, Illinois, Louisiana, New Mexico, Nevada, Utah, and Washington. Outside the 50 states, there is a store located in Guam and one in Panama.
The chain is recognizable by the A-frame style roofs of its older restaurants, similar to the original structures used by IHOP, Tastee-Freez, Nickerson Farms, and Whataburger. Structures that have been converted from Wienerschnitzels into other restaurants often retain the distinctive architecture. The chain's advertising mascot is an anthropomorphized chili dog known as The Delicious One, who runs from people who want to eat him.
Wienerschnitzel sponsors the tongue-in-cheek Wiener Nationals, the de facto national dachshund racing championship series for the United States.
Related pages
List of hot dog restaurants
References
Other websites
American fast food restaurants
1961 establishments in the United States
Companies based in California
Vallon

Vallon is a municipality of the district Broye in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Fribourg
Dumas, Mississippi

Dumas is a town in Tippah County, Mississippi, United States.
Towns in Mississippi
Strait of Singapore

The Strait of Singapore or Singapore Strait is a strait in Singapore. It is long and wide. It is between the Strait of Malacca and the South China Sea. Singapore is to the north and the Riau Islands are to the south. It is the way to get to the Singapore Harbor.
Geography of Singapore
Straits
John McAfee 2020 presidential campaign

The 2020 presidential campaign of John McAfee, anti-virus software pioneer and cryptocurrency investor, was formally launched on June 3, 2018.
McAfee announced on June 3, 2018 via Twitter that he would run for President of the United States again in 2020, either with the Libertarian Party or under a party of his own creation. McAfee insisted that he did not want to be president, and that his primary goal in running for office was to raise awareness of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies.
On January 3, 2019, McAfee revealed on Twitter that he had not paid federal income taxes for eight years, claiming that the income tax was illegal. On January 22, McAfee announced via Twitter that he would be continuing his campaign "in exile", following reports that he, his wife, and four of his campaign staff were being indicted for tax-related felonies by the IRS.
McAfee said that he was in "international waters", and had tweeted that he was on his way to Venezuela.
References
McAfee
John McAfee
Wired (magazine)

Wired (called WIRED) is a magazine written in English. It is issued to readers once a month. They also put up their editions on the Internet, on their own website. Their writers write about politics, the economy, and how new technology changes culture. The magazine belongs to a company called Conde Nast, and has it's headquarters in San Francisco, California.
They have other kinds of their magazine like Wired UK, Wired Italia, etc. In their first "colophons", they said that a Canadian named Marshall McLuhan was their "patron saint". When it started, influence on the magazine's editorials was strongest about "techno-utopian" stuff.
There is a paywall on the website, which is 20 US dollars a year. During the time Conde Nast owned the magazine, Wired News took care of the website.
History
The magazine was started by a journalist named Louis Rossetto and his friend Jane Metcalfe, along with Ian Charles Stewart, in 1993. In the early days, they were backed up by a software entrepreneur named Charlie Jackson and an academic named Nicholas Negroponte of the MIT Media Lab, who was a columnist for six years (through 1998) and wrote the book Being Digital. The founding designers were John Plunkett and Barbara Kuhr (Plunkett+Kuhr), starting with a 1991 verson and keeing up through the first five years of their magazine, 1993-98.
Wired, who said it was "the Rolling Stone of technology", showed off at the Macworld conference on January 2, 1993. It gained success at its launch and was loved by many for its vision, originality, innovation, and cultural impact. In its first four years, the magazine earned two National Magazine Awards for General Excellence and one for Design.
The founding executive editor of Wired, Kevin Kelly, was once an editor of the Whole Earth Catalog and the Whole Earth Review and took with him a few contributing writers from those publications. Six writers of the first Wired issue (1.1) had made stories for Whole Earth Review, with the most famous writer being Bruce Sterling (who was highlighted on the first cover) and Stewart Brand. Other people who contribute to Whole Earth were also shown in the magazine, including William Gibson, who was shown on Wired's cover in its first year and his article "Disneyland with the Death Penalty" in issue 1.4 resulted in the publication being banned in Singapore.
Sources
American monthly magazines
1993 establishments in the United States
Soibam

Soibam is a Meetei Manipuri surname or family name which has Indian origin. People of this family mainly inhabit in Manipur, India.
References
Meitei surnames
Ion thruster

An ion thruster is a type of spacecraft thruster. It works by using static electricity or magnetism to push ions (atoms that have an electric charge) out of the back of the spacecraft. It takes a very long time for the spacecraft to speed up, but the fuel is used very efficiently. A thruster that has very high efficiency is said to have a high specific impulse.
It has to be carried into outer space by a regular rocket, because the ions don't push hard enough for it to escape the Earth's atmosphere, but after it gets to outer space it can travel a very long way. An ion thruster needs lots of electricity to work, so the spacecraft needs a very good way of producing electricity, such as solar panels or a nuclear reactor.
Ion thrusters are good for travelling between things in space that are very far away from each other. One example of this is interplanetary travel. Ion thrusters are good for this because they are efficient and can thrust for very long times. Chemical rocket thrusters ("regular" rocket thrusters) can only burn for short times, because they use fuel quickly and not efficiently. Because of this, chemical rockets only thrust for short times at important places during the journey. Ion thrusters use fuel very slowly and very efficiently. This means that ion thrusters can thrust continuously for the entire journey. In a slightly surprising way, this makes spacecraft that use ion thrusters faster than spacecraft that use chemical rockets.
Ion thrusters have been used on small space probes. In 2011 the NASA space probe called Dawn used an ion thruster to get to the asteroid named Vesta. In 2015 the thruster brought Dawn to the dwarf planet named Ceres.
References
Rockets
Lakshadweep

Lakshdweep, formerly known as the Laccadive, Minicoy and Aminidivi Islands are a group of islands in the Arabian Sea. They belong to India. Their capital is Kavaratti. It covers an area of . Eleven of the 36 coral atoll islands of Lakshadweep are inhabited. Lakshadweep is known for its exotic and sun-kissed beaches and lush green landscape. The name Lakshadweep in Malayalam and Sanskrit means 'a hundred thousand islands'.
The islands are the only coral atolls in India. The people living there are Malayalam and Mahl people, who have been influenced by Arab traders. Lakshadweep is a Muslim region just like the neighbouring Maldives, where tourism is strictly regulated. Lakshadweep has the largest percentage of Muslims - 98%, even larger percentage than Jammu and Kashmir and is the only Muslim-majority Indian administrative division entirely within India.
Apart from the emerging tourism, government jobs, fishing and coconut production are the mainstays of the Lakshadweep economy.
Territorial symbols of Lakshadweep
Other websites
Commonwealth dependent states
Islands of India
Territories of India
Hog fry

A Hog Fry is a traditional Oklahoma Cherokee social meal.
At the meal, large iron kettles filled with oil or lard are placed over open fires. After that, pieces of pork are then placed in the hot oil and fried.
Hog fries are held regularly by tribal, and church groups as well as by individual families.
The social aspect of cooking a whole hog at a Hog Fry is similar to the tradition of smoking whole hogs in North Carolina.
References
American food
Daniel Desnoyers

Daniel Desnoyers is an archer from Canada. Desnoyers competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics. He was born on 27 February 1957.
References
Other websites
1957 births
Living people
Canadian archers
Canadian Olympians
Sportspeople from Quebec City
River Point

200 North Riverside Plaza, also known as River Point, is a 52-story 730 ft. (213 m) tall skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois. The 50 floor building has 92,900 m2 of floors space. It was developed by Hines and designed by Pickard Chilton. A groundbreaking ceremony was held for the tower in January 2013.
References
Skyscrapers in Chicago
Point (ice hockey)

A point is a unit of score that is given when a player knocks the puck into their rival's goal.
Ice hockey words