pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Sivan (cinematographer)

Sivasankaran Nair, popularly known as Sivan (14 May 1932 - 24 June 2021) was an Indian cinematographer, movie director known for his works in Malayalam cinema. Sivan won national film award three times. He was the first government press photographer in Travancore and Thiru-Kochi. He was the father of Sangeeth Sivan, Santhosh Sivan and Sanjeev Sivan and Saritha Rajeev.
Sivan was the still photographer of national award winning Malayalam movie Chemmeen.
His directorial debut film was Swapnam in 1972. Some of his popular films are Abhayam, Yagam, Oru Yatra, Keshu, Kochu Kochu Mohangal and Kilivathil.
Sivan died on 24 June 2021 due to cardiac arrest in his house at Thiruvananthapuram.
Early life
Sivan was the second child of Gopalapillai and Bhavaniamma of Padeettathil house in Harippad. He was the second amongst their six children. His full name was Sivasankaran Nair.
References
1932 births
2021 deaths
Movie directors
Indian cinematographers
Liberia, Costa Rica

Liberia is the capital and largest city of Guanacaste province in Costa Rica. The city is northwest of the national capital, San Jose. Liberia is often called "la ciudad blanca" (the white city) by its residents because of the white gravel once used to make the city's roads and the whitewashed colonial houses that once made up a large part of the city.
Climate
References
Guanacaste Province
Cities in Costa Rica
1836 establishments in North America
19th-century establishments in Costa Rica
Byhalia, Mississippi

Byhalia is a town in Marshall County, Mississippi, United States.
Towns in Mississippi
Akira Yamaoka

is a Japanese video game composer, sound designer, guitarist, and producer. He is best known for composing music for the Silent Hill video game series and Silent Hill movies. He has also composed music for many other Konami games.
Yamaoka studied product design and interior design at Tokyo Art College. He said that he first wanted to follow a career in design. He first joined Konami on September 21, 1993. On December 2, 2009, he announced that he was leaving Konami after 16 years with the company. He joined Grasshopper Manufacture on February 3, 2010.
References
Other website
Official website
1968 births
Living people
Japanese composers
Trip hop musicians
Video game composers
People from Niigata Prefecture
Bokermannohyla gouveai

The Itatiaina tree frog (Bokermannohyla gouveai) is a frog that lives in Brazil.
References
Frogs of South America
Monticello, Iowa

Monticello is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Retroflex ejective stop

The retroflex ejective stop is a sound used in some spoken languages. It is not in English.
Consonants
Phil Campbell, Alabama

Phil Campbell is a town in the state of Alabama in the United States.
Towns in Alabama
Ysis Sonkeng

Ysis Sonkeng (born September 20, 1989) is a Cameroonian women's football player who plays for the Cameroon women's national football team and Louves Minproff de Yaounde. She plays as a defender and played in the 2012 Summer Olympics. She was known for scoring an own goal against New Zealand women's national football team.
References
Cameroonian footballers
1989 births
Living people
Flora of Azerbaijan

Flora of Azerbaijan or Vegetation of Azerbaijan is about the plants, trees, flowers which can be found in Azerbaijan.
Azerbaijan has a very rich flora, where more than 4,500 species of
plants have been documented in the country. Due to the different climate types in Azerbaijan which range from subtropical along the Caspian Sea coast, temperate further inland, and continental and subarctic in the mountains, the flora is much richer in the number of species than the flora of the other republics of the South Caucasus. About 67% of the species growing in the whole Caucasus can be found in Azerbaijan.
Many plant species are also native, and are found in no other country. Another reason why Azerbaijan has many plant species, many of which are relicts of the Tertiary period, is because they were not affected by Pliocene and Pleistocene glaciations and did not become extinct.
The richness of Azerbaijan's flora and the many types of its vegetation also results from its geography and topography that provide many different habitats, like mountains, plains, bodies of water, etc.
The ecosystems found in Azerbaijan where plant life is most widespread, are grassland (mostly in the plains), forest (mostly in the mountains), tundra (in the high mountains) and wetland.
The forest is the ecosystem which has the most number of plant species in Azerbaijan. The forests are found mostly in the Caucasus Mountains, which have a lot of precipitation. The forests in these places are mostly deciduous (which lose their leaves in autumn) and are coniferous in higher elevations. There are also mixed deciduous and coniferous forests in middle elevations.
In drier areas, which are usually in the plains, the forests and plants are xerophytic (resistant to drought).
However, in the steppes found in the plains which are semi-arid grasslands and the largest ecosystem of Azerbaijan, where forests and trees cannot grow, plant life is made up of flowers and some shrubs which are resistant to drought.
References
Other websites
Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
Geography of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan-related lists
List of astrophysicists

An astrophysicist is a person whose profession is astrophysics.
Canada
Hubert Reeves, is known for explaining science to the general public (or popularizing science).
Great Britain
England
Stephen Hawking, is known for Hawking radiation, Penrose-Hawking theorems, Bekenstein-Hawking formula, Hawking energy, Gibbons-Hawking ansatz, Gibbons-Hawking effect, Gibbons-Hawking space, Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term, Thorne-Hawking-Preskill bet
United States
Frank Drake, is known for developing the Drake equation, and as the creator of the Arecibo Message, a digital encoding of an astronomical and biological description of the Earth and its lifeforms, for transmission into the cosmos.
Freeman John Dyson, is known for Dyson sphere, Dyson operator, Dyson series, Schwinger-Dyson equation, Circular ensemble, Random matrix theory, Advocacy against nuclear weapons, Dyson conjecture, Dyson's eternal intelligence, Dyson number, Dyson tree, Dyson's transform
Neil deGrasse Tyson, is known for being on a 2001 government commission on the future of the U.S. aerospace industry, and on the 2004 Moon, Mars and Beyond commission; got the NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal; host of television show NOVA ScienceNow on PBS
Related pages
List of astronomers
Lists of scientists
Manchester, Connecticut

Manchester is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town had a population of 59,713.
References
Towns in Connecticut
Allen, Kansas

Allen is a city in Lyon County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, 177 people lived there.
History
Allen was created in 1854. It was incorporated as a city in 1909.
Allen was a station on the Missouri Pacific Railroad.
Geography
Allen is at (38.656472, -96.170511). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.
Weather
Allen has hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. The Koppen Climate Classification system says that Allen has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.
People
Allen is part of the Emporia Micropolitan Statistical Area.
2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 177 people, 77 households, and 46 families living in Allen.
2000 census
The 2000 census says that there were 211 people, 83 households, and 62 families living in Allen.
Education
Allen is part of USD 251 North Lyon County. The Northern Heights High School is in Allen. The Northern Heights High School mascot is Northern Heights Wildcats.
References
Other websites
City
Allen - Directory of Public Officials
Schools
USD 251, local school district
Maps
Allen City Map, KDOT
Cities in Lyon County, Kansas
1854 establishments in Kansas Territory
Japanese railways

Japanese railways are used in Japan for mass and high-speed travel between major cities and for commuter transport in metropolian areas.
Management System of Japanese railways
There are two types of Japanese trains:
Japan Railways Group (Japan Railway companies)
JR is made up of seven companies in following areas: Hokkaido, Higashi-Nihon, Tokai, Nishi-Nihon, Shikoku, Kyushu and freight
Private railway (Si Tie Shitetsu)
Private railway can be classified as Shitetsu for narrow gauge railways (Si Tie ), and Koei (Gong Ying ) for public railways, such as the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Bureau of Transportation.
Classification of Japanese railways by structure
Shinkansen(Xin Gan Xian , meaning "New main line")(width of rail track is Standard Gauge (1,435mm); speeds of up to 300km/h)
Zairaisen(Zai Lai Xian , meaning "Older railway line") (width of rail track is usually Cape gauge (1,067mm); slower speeds)
Subway(Di Xia Tie )
Tram(Lu Mian Dian Che )
Monorail(monoreru)
Trolley bus(tororibasu)
Funicular(keburuka)
Others
History of Japanese trains
1872 - October, 14: The first Japanese train was started between Shinbashi and Yokohama.
1874 - Osaka-Kobe was opened.
1877 - Kyoto-Osaka was opened.
1880 - Temiya-Sapporo was opened.
1889 - Tokaido line is completed (Shinbashi-Kobe)
1927 - Subway (Ueno-Asakusa) was opened.
1964 - The Shinkansen was opened.
1975 - Tokaido-San'yo Shinkansen completed.
1976 - All steam locomotives were retired.
1982 - Tohoku, Joetsu shinkansen opened.
1987 - Japan national railway was dissolved, when JR was created.
Japanese railways
CureVac

CureVac N.V. is a German biopharmaceutical company that creates therapies based on messenger RNA (mRNA). It is headquartered in Tubingen, Germany. The company was founded in 2000 by Ingmar Hoerr (CEO), Steve Pascolo (CSO), Florian von der Mulbe (COO), Gunther Jung, and Hans-Georg Rammensee.
CureVac had about 240 employees in November 2015.
The company's focus is on developing vaccines for infectious diseases and drugs to treat cancer and rare diseases.
References
Healthcare companies of Germany
Baden-Wurttemberg
France Roche

France Roche (2 April 1921 - 14 December 2013) was a French actress and screenwriter. She appeared in 17 movies between 1951 and 1979. She died on 14 December 2013 from natural causes, aged 92.
References
Other websites
1921 births
2013 deaths
Actors from Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur
French movie actors
French screenwriters
French stage actors
French television actors
Writers from Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur
Yasuo Suzuki

was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Suzuki was born in Kanagawa Prefecture on April 30, 1913. He played for Waseda WMW which was consisted of his alma mater Waseda University players and graduates. At this club, he played many Japan national team players Motoo Tatsuhara, Tadao Horie and so on.
In May 1934, when Suzuki was a Waseda University student, he was selected the Japan national team for Far Eastern Championship Games in Manila. At this competition, on May 15, he debuted against Philippines. In 1936, he was selected the Japan for 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. Japan completed a come-from-behind victory first match against Sweden. The first victory in Olympics for the Japan and the historic victory over one of the powerhouses became later known as "Miracle of Berlin" (berurinnoQi Ji ) in Japan. In 2016, this team was selected Japan Football Hall of Fame. He did not play in against Sweden. However, he played next match against Italy instead of Tadao Horie who fractured his right arm in first match. He played 2 games for Japan until 1936.
Statistics
|-
|1934||1||0
|-
|1935||0||0
|-
|1936||1||0
|-
!Total||2||0
|}
References
Other websites
Japan Football Hall of Fame (Japan team at 1936 Olympics) at Japan Football Association
1913 births
Year of death missing
Footballers from Kanagawa Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Footballers at the 1936 Summer Olympics
A Soldier's Story

A Soldier's Story is a 1984 American drama movie directed by Norman Jewison and based on the 1981 play of the same name by Charles Fuller. It stars Howard Rollins, Adolph Caesar, David Alan Grier, Art Evans, Denzel Washington, Patti LaBelle, Wings Hauser, Dennis Lipscomb and was distributed by Universal Pictures. It was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 1985.
Other websites
1984 drama movies
American drama movies
Movies based on plays
Movies directed by Norman Jewison
Yuliya Bogmatser

Yuliya Bogmatser (born 3 June 1984 in Zaporizhia) is a Ukrainian volleyball player. She played at the 2002 Women's Junior European Volleyball Championship, winning a silver medal, 2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship, and 2010 FIVB Women's World Championships.
She was best setter in the Ukrainian Superliga in 2004/05 and in 2005/06.
References
1984 births
Ukrainian volleyball players
Living people
Saint-Papoul

Saint-Papoul is a commune. It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
References
Communes in Aude
Commer, Mayenne

Commer is a commune of 1091 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Mayenne
Jana Novotná

Jana Novotna (; 2 October 1968 - 19 November 2017) was a professional Czech tennis player.
Novotna was born in Brno, Czechoslovakia . She played a serve and volley game among women during her career. She won the women's singles title at Wimbledon in 1998 and was runner-up in three previous Grand Slam tournaments. She won a silver medal in doubles at the 1988 Summer Olympics. She won the silver medal in doubles and the bronze medal in singles at the 1996 Summer Olympics. Novotna also won 12 Grand Slam women's doubles titles and four mixed doubles titles. She reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 2 in 1997, and achieved the No. 1 ranking in doubles. Novotna retired from the professional tour in 1999.
Novotna died of cancer in Brno on 19 November 2017 at the age of 49. She was in a relationship with Polish tennis player Iwona Kuczynska until her death.
References
1968 births
2017 deaths
Australian Open champions
Czech tennis players
French Open champions
Lesbians
LGBT Olympians
Medalists at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Czech Olympic bronze medalists
Czech Olympic silver medalists
People from Brno
US Open (tennis) champions
Wimbledon champions
World No. 1 tennis players
Czechoslovak Olympic silver medalists
Mouni Roy

Mouni Roy (born 28 September 1985) is an Indian actress, singer, Kathak dancer and former model. She is mainly known for her work in Indian television and Hindi-language movies. Her popular works are Mahadev, Naagin and Gold.
References
Other websites
1985 births
Living people
Indian television actors
Indian movie actors
Bogdan Lobonţ

Bogdan Lobont (born 18 January 1978) is a Romanian football player. He plays for Roma and Romania national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1995/96||rowspan="2"|Corvinul Hunedoara||rowspan="2"|Divizia B||6||0
|-
|1996/97||34||0
|-
|1997/98||rowspan="3"|Rapid Bucuresti||rowspan="3"|Divizia A||33||0
|-
|1998/99||31||0
|-
|1999/00||16||0
|-
|2000/01||Ajax||Eredivisie||1||0
|-
|2001/02||Dinamo Bucuresti||Divizia A||22||0
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="3"|Ajax||rowspan="3"|Eredivisie||17||0
|-
|2003/04||24||0
|-
|2004/05||7||0
|-
|2005/06||Fiorentina||Serie A||17||0
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="3"|Dinamo Bucuresti||rowspan="3"|Liga I||14||0
|-
|2007/08||32||0
|-
|2008/09||25||0
|-
|2009/10||Roma||Serie A||||
214||0
49||0
17||0
280||0
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1998||1||0
|-
|1999||5||0
|-
|2000||8||0
|-
|2001||3||0
|-
|2002||3||0
|-
|2003||9||0
|-
|2004||7||0
|-
|2005||8||0
|-
|2006||6||0
|-
|2007||11||0
|-
|2008||10||0
|-
|2009||3||0
|-
!Total||74||0
|}
References
1978 births
Living people
Romanian footballers
Association football goalkeepers
Eudibamus

Eudibamus is an extinct genius of biped bolosaurid (a reptile) from the early Permian some 290 million years ago of Germany. Eudibamus is claimed to be the first bipedal vertebrate.
Fossils
Reptiles
William Hanna

William Denby "Bill" Hanna (July 14, 1910 in Melrose, New Mexico - March 22, 2001 in Los Angeles, California) was an American animator, director, producer, cartoon artist, and co-founder with Joseph Barbera of Hanna-Barbera. The studio made well-known cartoons, such as The Huckleberry Hound Show, The Flintstones, The Jetsons, and Scooby-Doo, as well as the musical movie, ''Charlotte's Web.
American animators
American movie producers
American movie directors
American television directors
American television producers
1910 births
2001 deaths
Deaths from laryngeal cancer
470 BC

Year 470 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.
Events
By place
Greece
Pausanias hides in the Temple of Athena of the Brazen House to escape arrest. The Spartans wall in the sanctuary and starve Pausanias to death.
By topic
Architecture
The construction of the Temple of Zeus, begins at Olympia, Greece.
Art
The Charioteer, in the Sanctuary of Apollo, Delphi, is created. It was for a victory in the Pythian Games of 478 or 474 BC (approximate date). It is now kept at the Delphi Archaeological Museum.
Pan Painter makes a "bell krater" (an earthenware piece that is used to mix water and wine) which has a red-figure decoration of Artemis slaying Actaeon. It is now kept at the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston (approximate date).
Births
Aspasia of Miletus, mistress of Pericles of Athens (d. c. 400 BC)
Mozi, Chinese philosopher (d. c. 390 BC)
Deaths
Pausanias, Spartan commander during the Greco-Persian Wars
470s BC
Air charter

Air charter is the business of renting whole aircraft (i.e., chartering) instead of buying tickets and reserving single seat. Air charter is regulated by law. While airlines sell places in seats, air charter companies focus on private wealthy customers, urgent cargo, air ambulance services and others. These air charter companies have a lot of different types of aircraft, such as helicopters and business jets. Charter jet categories include turbo props, light jets, mid-size jets, super mid-size jets, heavy jets, and airliners.
Related pages
Business jet
Air travel
Baigneaux, Gironde

Baigneaux, Gironde is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Communes in Gironde
Deposition (aerosol physics)

Deposition is how an aerosol becomes a solid. It may be a wet or a dry process.
Related pages
Deposit
Physical chemistry
Tyrone Garner (politician)

Tyrone A. Garner (born 1968/1969) is an American politician and retired police officer. He is the 30th mayor of Kansas City, Kansas since 2021. He was the deputy chief of the Kansas City Police Department.
References
1960s births
Living people
American mayors
American police officers
Politicians from Kansas
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Politicians from San Jose, California
People from Kansas City, Kansas
Division of Franklin

The Division of Franklin is an Australian electoral division in Tasmania. It was set up in 1903 and is named for Sir John Franklin, the polar explorer and Lt Governor of Van Diemen's Land 1843-46. It is covers an area of 6514 km2 in southern Tasmania. This includes the Hobart suburbs of Bridgewater, Cygnet, Kingston, Lauderdale as well as Bruny Island.
Members
Harry Quick was forced out of the ALP for not paying his membership fees, and for not supporting the new candidate selected to replace him when he retired. Julie Collins was a minister in both Gillard Government and the second Rudd Government.
Election results
References
Other websites
Division of Franklin - Australian Electoral Commission
Julie Collin's website.
Electoral divisions of Australia
1903 establishments in Australia
Ellie Baker

Ellie Baker (born 3 June 1998) is a athlete from United Kingdom. She competed at the 2019 European Athletics U23 Championships and 2017 European Athletics U20 Championships.
References
Other websites
1998 births
Living people
British athletes
Vermand

Vermand is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Rowe, Massachusetts

Rowe is a town in Franklin County, Massachusetts, United States.
Towns in Massachusetts
Swim

For living creatures, a swim or swimming is a way of moving in water. Swimming is an activity that can be both useful and recreational. Its primary uses are bathing, cooling, fishing, recreation, exercise, and sport.
Human swimming
Swimming has been known amongst humans since prehistoric times; the earliest record of swimming dates back to Stone Age, from around 7,000 years ago. Competitive swimming started in Europe around 1800 and was part of the first modern 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens, though not in a form comparable to the contemporary events. It was not until 1908 that regulations were implemented by the International Swimming Federation to produce competitive swimming.
Related pages
List of water sports
Winter swimming
References
Basic English 850 words
Survival skills
Healthy lifestyle
Robert Stanley Weir

Robert Stanley Weir was the Canadian author of the Canadian Anthem, O Canada.
1856 births
1926 deaths
Writers from Montreal
Ping Pong (manga)

is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Taiyo Matsumoto about table tennis. It was serialized in Shogakukan's seinen manga magazine Big Comic Spirits from 1996 to 1997 and collected in five tankobon volumes.
References
1996 manga
2000s comedy-drama movies
2000s sports movies
2000s teen movies
2014 anime television series
Anime series based on manga
Japanese drama movies
Manga series
Sports comedy movies
Table tennis
Cambrin

Cambrin is a French commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Masanori Sanada

was a Japanese football player.
Biography
Sanada was born in Shizuoka on March 6, 1968. After graduating from Juntendo University, he joined All Nippon Airways in 1990. He played as regular goalkeeper from first season. In 1992, he moved to new club Shimizu S-Pulse based in his local. Although he played in all matches in 1992, he battles with Sidmar for the position from 1993. After Sidmar retired end of the 1995 season, Sanada became completely regular goalkeeper. The club won the champion in the 1996 J.League Cup which is first major title in the club history. In 1999, the club won the 2nd place in J1 League. He was also selected Best Eleven. In Asia, the club won the champions 1999-2000 Asian Cup Winners' Cup which is their first Asian champions. From 2001, his opportunity to play decreased behind young goalkeepers Keisuke Hada and Takaya Kurokawa. He retired end of the 2004 season.
In 1988, when Sanada was a Juntendo University student, he was selected the Japan national "B team" for 1988 Asian Cup. At this competition, he played 3 games. However, Japan Football Association don't count as Japan national team match because this Japan team was "B team" not "top team".
After the retirement, Sanada became a goalkeeper coach at Shimizu S-Pulse in 2005. In 2008, he moved to JEF United Chiba. In 2011, he returned to S-Pulse. However he rested for health problem from September 2.
On September 6, 2011, Sanada died of heart failure in Shizuoka at the age of 43.
Statistics
|-
|1990/91||rowspan="2"|All Nippon Airways||rowspan="2"|JSL Division 1||20||0||||||4||0||colspan="2"|-||24||0
|-
|1991/92||16||0||||||1||0||colspan="2"|-||17||0
|-
|1992||rowspan="13"|Shimizu S-Pulse||rowspan="13"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||3||0||11||0||colspan="2"|-||14||0
|-
|1993||19||0||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||20||0
|-
|1994||14||0||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||15||0
|-
|1995||34||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||35||0
|-
|1996||30||0||3||0||16||0||colspan="2"|-||49||0
|-
|1997||32||0||3||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||41||0
|-
|1998||34||0||5||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||44||0
|-
|1999||30||0||3||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||37||0
|-
|2000||29||0||5||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||39||0
|-
|2001||4||0||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|-
|2002||13||0||0||0||3||0||1||0||17||0
|-
|2003||4||0||4||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||9||0
|-
|2004||0||0||1||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
279||0||29||0||59||0||1||0||368||0
279||0||29||0||59||0||1||0||368||0
|}
References
Other websites
1968 births
2011 deaths
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
J1 League players
Japan Soccer League players
Yokohama Flugels players
Shimizu S-Pulse players
1988 AFC Asian Cup players
Asterisk

The asterisk (*) is a snowflake-like typographic symbol or glyph.
It is so-called because it looks like an image of a star. Computer scientists and mathematicians often speak it as star. Example: the A* search algorithm.
In English, an asterisk is usually five-pointed or six-pointed in typefaces, and six- or eight-pointed when handwritten. It can be used as censorship. It is also used on the internet to correct one's spelling, in which case it appears after the correct word.
References
Punctuation
Typography
Costa Mesa

Costa Mesa is a city in Orange County, California. This place became a city in 1953. It was a farming community with 16,840 people. It has become a suburban and edge city with an economy based on retail, commerce, and manufacturing. The population was 111,918 at the 2020 United States Census.
Climate
Costa Mesa has a semi-arid climate (Koppen climate classification BSh) with warm temperatures year round. Rain falls mostly in the winter. There is almost no rain during the summer. Morning low clouds and fog are common because it is by the coast.
The highest recorded temperature since 1989 in Costa Mesa was 45degC (113degF) in June 2016 and the lowest was -1degC (30degF) in December 1990 and January 2007.
References
Other websites
City of Costa Mesa Chamber of Commerce
City of Costa Mesa official Conference & Visitor Bureau
Cities in California
Settlements in Orange County, California
1950s establishments in California
1953 establishments in the United States
Interrupt

An interrupt is when a microprocessor does something that it is not told to do because of things that happen outside what the program is supposed to do. Interrupts happen most often because the processor gets a signal from hardware, but they can also come from software that is running along with the program. Among the many things can cause interrupts are pressing keys on a keyboard, the built-in timer going off, a data transfer taking place, or any other event that needs an action from the processor right away. Interrupts can happen at any time while the processor is running a program, no matter where in the program's source code it is.
How interrupts work
A hardware or software call for an interrupt (known as an interrupt request, or IRQ) is taken care of by an "interrupt handler" or "interrupt service routine" (ISR) in the processor. It puts what is it doing at the time onto a stack and then follows certain instructions that does a given task on behalf of the system, which does not have to be part of the program it does. Once it is done following the instructions, the ISR then takes back what it put on the stack and continues with what it was doing before the interrupt happened.
Many interrupt controllers from today's processors use an interrupt vector to sort interrupts based on where it came from, among other ways. The vector typically contains the code that has to be run when the interrupt happens. ISRs are generally responsible for dealing with, or "servicing", the interrupt, along with keeping itself in working order.
Uses of interrupts
Triggering tasks at regular intervals
Servicing an external device that can happen at any time
Remove the need for synchronous polling
Triggering an operating system (OS) to take action
References
Computing
Paul Prudhomme

Paul Prudhomme (July 13, 1940 - October 8, 2015), also known as Gene Autry Prudhomme, was an American celebrity chef. His specialty was Creole cuisine.
He was the chef of K-Paul's Louisiana Kitchen in New Orleans. He had previously owned and run several other restaurants. He created several products, including hot sauce and seasoning mixes, and wrote a number of cookbooks.
Prudhomme was born in Opelousas, Louisiana. He died in New Orleans, Louisiana from a short-illness at the age of 75.
References
Other websites
Chef Paul Prudhomme's official website
K-Paul's Louisiana Kitchen
Always Cooking!
Quotes by and about Prudhomme
1940 births
2015 deaths
Businesspeople from New Orleans
American chefs
Disease-related deaths in Louisiana
Writers from New Orleans
Eva Marie Saint

Eva Marie Saint (born July 4, 1924, Newark, New Jersey) is an American movie and stage actress. She has performed in many movies, television programs and stage acts.
Personal life
Saint was married to producer/director Jeffrey Hayden from 1951 until his death in 2016. They have two children, Darrell (born April 1, 1955) and Laurette (born July 19, 1958), and three grandchildren. Hayden died on December 24, 2016.
Works
Awards and nominations
References
Other websites
Academy Award winning actors
Emmy Award winning actors
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Actors from Newark, New Jersey
1924 births
Living people
Kazu Naoki

was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Naoki was born on March 23, 1918. On June 16, 1940, when he was a Tokyo Imperial University student, he debuted for the Japan national team against Philippines and Japan won the match. This match was the first match since 1936 Summer Olympics and the only match in the 1940s in Japan's "International A Match" due to World War II. Naoki died in an accident immediately after World War II.
Statistics
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References
Other websites
1918 births
Year of death missing
Japanese footballers
Japan international footballers
Leiderdorp

Leiderdorp is a municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland. In 2019, 27,109 people lived there.
Settlements in South Holland
Municipalities of South Holland
Ger, Pyrénées-Atlantiques

Ger, Pyrenees-Atlantiques is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
References
Ger, Pyrenees-Atlantiques
The Witches (1990 movie)

The Witches is a 1990 dark fantasy comedy movie directed by Nicolas Roeg. It was produced by Jim Henson and starring Anjelica Huston, Mai Zetterling, Rowan Atkinson, and Jasen Fisher. It is based on the 1983 book of the same name by Roald Dahl.
Plot
After nine-year old Luke Eveshim's (Jasen Fisher) parents die in a car crash, he lives with his grandma (Mai Zetterling). She tells him about real-life witches and how they hate children. She says that they look like ordinary women but there are ways to spot them. They use gloves to cover their claws, wigs because they are bald and wear comfortable shoes because they have no toes. While playing in his treehouse, Luke is approached by a witch who tries to give him a snake. Luckily, the grandma arrives and the witch leaves.
While staying at a hotel, Luke goes into the hotel ballroom to train his pet mouse. A group of women enter the room and lock the doors but Luke remains hidden. The women then take off their disguises, revealing that they are witches. The Grand High Witch (Anjelica Huston) expresses anger with the other witches because of their failure to get rid of all the children. She then shows them her new potion named "Formula 86", which turns kids into mice. The Grand High Witch demonstrates the potion on a boy named Bruno Jenkins.
However, Luke is discovered by the witches and they turn him into a mouse. Luke and Bruno (who are both now mice) go to the grandma's room and tell her what happened and they create a plan to defeat the witches. Luke goes into the Grand High Witch's room and steals the potion. He then goes into the hotel kitchen and puts it in the soup that the witches have ordered for dinner. Before dinner, one of the witches, Ms Irvine, decides to stop being evil because the Grand High Witch does not treat her well. At dinner, the witches all eat the soup and turn into mice. The grandma tells Bruno's parents that he is now a mouse and gives him back to them.
After returning home, Luke tells the grandma that he is happy being a mouse. At night, Ms Irvine shows up outside their house and uses her magic to turn Luke back into a human.
Main cast
Jasen Fisher as Luke Eveshim, a nine-year old boy who the witches turn into a mouse
Anjelica Huston as the Grand High Witch, the leader of all the witches
Mai Zetterling as the Grandma, an elderly lady who is an expert in witches
Charlie Potter as Bruno Jenkins, a greedy boy who is also turned into a mouse
Rowan Atkinson as Mr Stringer, the hotel manager
Bill Paterson as Mr Jenkins, Bruno's father
Brenda Blethyn as Mrs Jenkins, Bruno's mother
Jane Horrocks as Susan Irvine, a witch who turns good
Sukie Smith as Marlene, a hotel maid
Anne Lambton as the Woman in Black, the first witch that Luke encounters
References
1990 fantasy movies
1990 comedy movies
1990s American fantasy movies
American comedy movies
British fantasy movies
British comedy movies
Movies based on books
Warner Bros. movies
Movies directed by Nicolas Roeg
Board of directors

A board of directors is a group of people. They normally oversee the actions of a corporation or other business. There are laws called bylaws that the board follows. They organize the business, appoint the CEO, organize budgets and take care of financial matters.
Within a board, directors commonly organize themselves into several committees, such as: audit committee, compensation committee, and human resource committee.
Usually once a year, the board of directors invite shareholders to a meeting to talk about the company.
Management
Red shirts

Redshirts or Red coats is the name given to the volunteers who followed Giuseppe Garibaldi. He was an Italian revolutionary who unified Italy by conquering the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in 1861.
The name came from the color of their shirts.
References
19th century in Italy
R. Venkataraman

Ramaswamy Venkataraman (, 4 December 191027 January 2009) was an Indian lawyer, activist and politician. He was the eighth President of India from 1987 to 1992.
Venkataraman died on 27 January 2009 at a hospital in New Delhi from multiple organ failure caused by kidney disease at the age of 98.
References
1910 births
2009 deaths
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Deaths from kidney disease
Presidents of India
Vice presidents of India
Non-coding RNA

A non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is a functional RNA molecule which is not translated into a protein. Less-used synonyms are non-protein-coding RNA (npcRNA), non-messenger RNA (nmRNA) and functional RNA (fRNA). The term small RNA (sRNA) is often used for short bacterial ncRNAs. The DNA sequence from which a non-coding RNA is transcribed is often called an 'RNA gene'.
Non-coding RNA genes include abundant and important RNAs such as transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA); also RNAs such as snoRNAs, microRNAs, siRNAs, snRNAs, exRNAs, and piRNAs and the long noncoding RNAs (long ncRNAs). The number of ncRNAs in the human genome is unknown. However recent studies suggest the existence of thousands of ncRNAs., but see Since the function of newly identified ncRNAs has not been proved, it is possible that many are non-functional.
The first non-coding RNA to be analysed was an alanine tRNA found in baker's yeast. Its structure was published in 1965.
References
RNA
Jill Hennessy

Jillian Noel Hennessy (born November 25, 1968) is a Canadian actress and singer. She is most known for her roles on the American television series Law & Order, car accident attorney ad Claire Kincaid for three seasons and Crossing Jordan as Jordan Cavanaugh for six seasons.
References
Other websites
1968 births
Living people
Canadian movie actors
Canadian television actors
Canadian stage actors
Canadian voice actors
Canadian singers
Actors from Edmonton
Anne Lacaton

Anne Lacaton (born 2 August 1955) is a French architect and educator. She runs the architectural practice Lacaton & Vassal with Jean-Philippe Vassal. The pair were jointly awarded the 2021 Pritzker Architecture Prize.
Lacaton was born in Saint-Pardoux-la-Riviere. She graduated in architecture from the Ecole nationale superieure d'architecture et de paysage de Bordeaux (ENSAPBx) in 1980.
References
Other websites
Lacaton & Vassal
1955 births
Living people
French academics
French architects
French educators
Pritzker Architecture Prize winners
Wallingford, Connecticut

Wallingford is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 44,396 at the 2020 census. The community was named after Wallingford, in England.
References
Towns in Connecticut
The Specials

The Specials were an English new wave/ska band. They were originally from Coventry, England and formed in 1977. They were part of the ska revival in Britain in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
During the ska revival, bands began playing 1960s-style Jamaican ska music. The Specials often mixed other popular music styles from the 1970s and 1980s into their music, such as punk rock.
1977 establishments in the United Kingdom
1970s British music groups
1980s British music groups
1990s British music groups
2000s British music groups
2010s British music groups
Entertainers from Coventry
English musical groups
Musical groups established in 1977
New wave bands
Organisations based in Coventry
Training corset

A training corset is a corset used for doing body modification (changing the body). It may be used for orthopedic reasons (such as to correct a crooked spine) or for cosmetic reasons (to achieve a smaller waistline which is commonly called waist training).
The term "training corset" is also sometimes used for BDSM corsets used for discipline.
Related pages
Corset
Sources
Underwear
Claudia Giannotti

Claudia Giannotti (19 February 1937 - 26 July 2020) was an Italian actress. She was born in Campobasso, Italy. She was known for her role as Dr. Natoli in the 1969 comedy Il Prof. Dott. Guido Tersilli, primario della clinica Villa Celeste, convenzionata con le mutue.
Giannotti died on 26 July 2020 in Torino, Italy at the age of 83.
References
1937 births
2020 deaths
Italian movie actors
Italian television actors
Italian stage actors
Somnath Adhikari

Somnath Adhikari (born 6 January 1951) affectionately known as Pyasi (meaning "thirsty" in Nepali), is a Nepalese politician serving as the 2nd and current Governor of Province No. 1 of Nepal. He is former member of the National Panchayat from 1986 to 1991 and member of Pratinidhi Sabha from 1991 to 1994. He is an active politician of CPN (ML) now CPN (UML) from 1968 and served as the district president of Kaski and later he hold the president post of the party election committee.
References
1951 births
Living people
Nepalese politicians
Governors of Provinces of Nepal
Cowboys & Aliens (movie)

Cowboys & Aliens is a 2011 science fiction-western movie that was produced by Brian Grazer, Ron Howard, Alex Kurtzman, Damon Lindelof, Roberto Orci, Scott Mitchell Rosenberg and Steven Spielberg and was directed by Jon Favreau. The movie is based on the novel of the same name by Scott Mitchell Rosenberg.
Cast
Daniel Craig as Jake Lonergan
Harrison Ford as Colonel Woodrow Dolarhyde
Olivia Wilde as Ella
Sam Rockwell as Doc
Noah Ringer as Emmett
Paul Dano as Percy Dolarhyde
Clancy Brown as Meacham
Keith Carradine as Sheriff Taggart
Adam Beach as Nat Colorado
Abigail Spencer as Alice
Ana de la Reguera as Maria
Walton Goggins as Hunt
Other websites
Cowboys & Aliens Official website
2011 science fiction movies
2010s Western (genre) movies
American Western (genre) movies
American science fiction movies
Movies about extraterrestrial life
Movies set in deserts
Movies set in the United States
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Jon Favreau
Claymore

The claymore is a Scottish sword. It has two sharp edges. The word claymore is from Gaelic. It means "great sword". The sword is held with two hands. In some sources the broad claymore sword is called "claidheamh da lamh", which means "two-hand sword". It was very popular in the 16th century when Scottish warriors (highlanders) used it against the Englishmen.
The average claymore was about long. The blade was about long. It weighed around . It had a very wide blade. Many claymore blades had a small amount of metal cut out of them. This was done to make the sword weigh less.
There was also a type of claymore that had one sharp edge and a basket-shaped handle. The basket of the handle was used to protect the hands. The basket was also used to help with balance. This was because the blade was very long. Many claymores were made during the mid-1600s.
People in Europe started using swords with two hands in the 14th century. The biggest European swords were made in the early 16th century. They were usually used by bodyguards or soldiers for defending from pikes and polearms. One example of these kinds of swords is the Germanic Zweihander (two-handed) sword.
References
Other websites
More on swords' component parts
Swords
National symbols of Scotland
Sawdah bint Zam'ah

Sawdah bint Zam'ah was Muhammad's wife and was revered by Muslims as Ummat ul-Mu'mineen.
Other websites
2 Muslims.com
SAWDA bint Zam'a
674 deaths
Wives of Muhammad
570 births
List of governors of Georgia

The governor of Georgia is the head of the executive branch of Georgia's state government and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.
The current governor is Republican Brian Kemp, who took office on January 14, 2019.
List of Governors
Notes
References
Governors
Georgia
Diplura

The Diplura are a biological order. It is one of the four groups of hexapods, with insects, springtails and Protura.
The Dipleura are sometimes called "two-pronged bristletails". About 800 species have been described, of which around 70 occur in North America, 12 in Great Britain and two in Australia.
Entognatha
Bruce Dern

Bruce MacLeish Dern (born June 4, 1936) is an American actor. He was nominated for two Academy Awards, including Best Supporting Actor for Coming Home and Best Actor for Nebraska.
References
Other websites
Bruce Dern at the University of Wisconsin's Actors Studio audio collection
Cinema Retro's Evening with Bruce Dern at The Players, New York City
1936 births
Living people
Actors from Chicago
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Chemnitzer Land

Chemnitzer Land was a district in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It ended in 2008.
The district has a very big population because the East German government tried to make the area very industrial.
The district was created in 1994 by joining the old districts of Glauchau and Hohenstein-Ernstthal. In 2008, part of city of Zwickau will become part of the district. The rest of the city will become part of Zwickauer Land.
Coat of arms
Towns and municipalities
Other websites
Official website (German)
Old Rural District of Saxony
2008 disestablishments in Germany
Carnivoramorpha

Carnivoramorpha are a clade of mammals that includes the modern order Carnivora. It is basal to the Carnivora but does not include the Creodonts, which are a separate order.
Classification & phylogeny
Superfamily +Miacoidea
Family +Miacidae
genera: Chailicyon, Eostictis, Miacis, Miocyon, Oodectes, Palaearctonyx, Paramiacis, Paroodectes, Prodaphaemus, Quercygale, Tapocyon, Uintacyon, Vassacyon, Vulpavus, Xinyuictis, Ziphacodon
Family +Viverravidae
genera: Bryanictis, Didymictis, Ictidopappus, Pristinictis, Protictis, Raphictis, Simpsonictis, Viverravus
Order Carnivora
Superfamily Caniformia or Canoidea
Superfamily Feliformia or Feloidea
References
Nigel Rodley

Sir Nigel Simon Rodley (1 December 1941 - 25 January 2017) was a British human rights activist, lawyer and professor. He was a member of the United Nations Human Rights Committee. He was also a commissioner for the International Commission of Jurists. He held academic positions at the University of Essex and the London School of Economics.
He was of Jewish descent.
Rodley died after a short illness on 25 January 2017 in Colchester, at the age of 75.
References
1941 births
2017 deaths
British lawyers
Academics of the University of London
British human rights activists
Jewish activists
Jewish British academics
Knights Bachelor
Floyd County, Kentucky

Floyd County is a county in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 39,451. Its county seat is Prestonsburg.
References
1800s establishments in Kentucky
1800 establishments in the United States
Kentucky counties
David Mellor

David John Mellor (born March 12, 1949 in Wareham, Dorset, England) is a British politician who was an MP from 1979 to 1997, as a member of the Conservative Party.
Mellor became a barrister in 1972, and a Queen's Counsel in 1987 but is currently not practising. He became a Member of Parliament (MP) representing the London constituency of Putney, at the 1979 General Election. In 1990, John Major made him Chief Secretary to the Treasury but after a sex scandal in 1992, Mellor was forced to resign and lost his seat to the Labour Party in the 1997 General Election.
1949 births
Living people
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
British King's Counsel
Le Mesnil-sur-Blangy

Le Mesnil-sur-Blangy is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Calvados
Blue raspberry flavor

Blue raspberry is a common flavoring for candy, snacks, syrups and soft drinks. The flavor comes from Rubus leucodermis, more commonly known as the "whitebark raspberry" or "blue raspberry" for its bluish-black fruit.
Blue raspberry food often contains a bright blue food coloring, the most common being Brilliant Blue FCF, although this coloring is not the color of the actual color of the fruit, which is almost black when ripe. The blue color also helps tell apart raspberry-flavored foods from cherry- and strawberry-flavored foods (cherry is usually colored red, and strawberry is also sometimes colored red but is often colored pink if the same product is also available in cherry ).
References
Food ingredients
Mainland China

Mainland China, also called the Chinese Mainland, is the part of China not including the Republic of China controlling Taiwan, Kinmen, Matsu, and the Pescadores. The term also excludes Hong Kong and Macau.
In the Qing Dynasty (Manchu Dynasty), all of Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, Kinmen, Matsu, the Pescadores, and Mongolia were part of the Manchu Empire. Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau were colonized by foreigners for some years (Taiwan to the Japanese, Hong Kong to the British, and Macau to the Portuguese).
By the end the Qing Empire, China became Nationalist China (the Republic of China) and it got Taiwan back in 1945. After the Communists (the People's Republic of China) took over most of China, the Nationalists kept only Taiwan, Kinmen, Matsu, and the Pescadores. Mongolia became an independent state later.
Since then, Communist China only includes the part on the continent (mainland) and some small islands that are very near (the largest communist island is Hainan). This region is Mainland China.
Later Hong Kong and Macau were returned to the government of China, but because the government calls them "special administrative regions" under a "one country, two systems" idea, they are still not thought of as part of Mainland China.
China
Dog coat

A dog's coat is the hair covering its body. A dog can have a double coat that has short, soft hair underneath a layer of long, coarse hair, or a single coat that has only the long, coarse hair. A dog's coat may also be called hair or fur.
Four main coat attributes
Dog coats can come in many different colors, patterns, lengths, and textures.
Coat colors
Dog coats come in four main colors: black, brown, white, and red. The same main color can have many shades. These shades are sometimes common enough that they are given their own color names, such as gold, yellow, cream, blue, and grey.
There may be several of these colors on one dog.
Coat patterns
Dog coats can also have many different patterns based on spots, patches, and mixing colors.
Coat lengths and textures
A dog's coat can be long or short. For most dogs, their hair reaches one length and then stops growing, but there are some dogs whose hair will keep growing longer and longer.
Some breeds of dog do not grow hair on parts of their bodies. These dogs are called "hairless". Examples of "hairless" dogs are the Xoloitzcuintli (Mexican Hairless Dog), the Peruvian Inca Orchid (Peruvian Hairless Dog) and the Chinese Crested.
Additional reading
Other websites
Dogs
Hair