pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Andrew Holness

Andrew Michael Holness, ON, MP (born 22 July 1972) is a Jamaican politician. He is the 9th and current Prime Minister of Jamaica since 3 March 2016. Holness previously served as Prime Minister from October 2011 to January 5, 2012. He succeeded Bruce Golding as Prime minister, and decided to go to the polls in the 2011 Jamaican general election in an attempt to get his own mandate from the Jamaican electorate.
Early life
Andrew Michael Holness was born on 22 July 1972 in Spanish Town, St. Catherine Jamaica to Working class Parents, Father Morris Holness and Mother Sonia Harvey. Holness attended Primary school on 1 January 1979 and graduated in November 1984.
Career
He failed in that bid, however, losing to the People's National Party (PNP) led by Portia Simpson-Miller, with the PNP gaining 42 seats to the Jamaican Labour Party (JLP) 21. Following the 2011 election defeat, Holness served as Leader of the opposition (Jamaica) from 6 January 2012 to 3 March 2016, when he once again assume the Position of Prime minister. 2021 Jamaica general election.
Holness is the youngest person to have become Prime Minister in Jamaica's history, as well as the Country's ninth Prime minister overall. He is also the first Prime Minister to have been born after Jamaica gained independence in 1962.
In 2022, during Prince William's visit to Jamaica, Holness told Prince William that Jamaica would become a republic by 2025.
References
1972 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Jamaica
Current national leaders
University of the West Indies alumni
SSD Brindisi FC

F.B. Brindisi 1912 is a football club which plays in Italy.
Italian football clubs
1912 establishments in Italy
Manilla, Iowa

Manilla is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Crawford County, Iowa
Cities in Iowa
Muhlbach-sur-Bruche

Muhlbach-sur-Bruche is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Communes in Bas-Rhin
Sacrament

Sometimes Sacrament can stand for Eucharist
In Christianity, a sacrament is a special rite. It is a visible token of the reality of God.
Sacraments in the Catholic Church
The Roman Catholic Church knows seven such sacraments. These are
Baptism - usually given shortly after birth, it is meant to forgive original sin.
Confirmation - done when reaching maturity
Holy Eucharist - The body and blood of Jesus Christ is eaten to remember the Last Supper.
Marriage
Holy orders - the deacon, the priest and bishop.
Penance and remission of sins
Anointing of the Sick - used to be known as Last Rites, given shortly before death
Protestant views
Following Martin Luther's tradition, many Protestant churches see only Baptism and Lord's Supper as Sacraments. They also have most of the other rites, but do not consider them to be sacraments.
Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox views
Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox Churches basically have the same views as the Roman Catholic Church. They say however, that many things the church does (as church), can be seen as sacraments, in some way.
Sacraments
2016 Kumamoto earthquakes

The 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes happened on April 14-16, 2016 near Kumamoto Prefecture in southern Japan. A foreshock of magnitude 6.2 on the Richter scale happened on the evening of April 14 at 21:26 Japan Standard Time. The main earthquake happened at 1:25 am JST with a magnitude of 7.0 on April 16.
A total of 48 people died in the two earthquakes. About 3,000 more were injured. There was severe damage in and around Kumamoto. Many structures including Kumamoto-Castle fell and some of them caught fire and infrastructures, especially water, electricity and gas supply are destructed. More than 44,000 people had to leave the area because of the disaster and most of them suffer hard living in shelters.
References
Kumamoto earthquakes
2010s disasters in Japan
April 2016 events
Earthquakes in Japan
2016 in Asia
Stötten

Stotten is a municipality in Ostallgau in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Ostallgau
Magnicourt-en-Comte

Magnicourt-en-Comte is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Kathikas

Kathikas is a village in Cyprus in the Paphos District.
Topography
Kathikas is located approximately 650 metres above sea level.
Nearby villages
Theletra is to the East of Kathikas.
References
2007 Zoé's Ark controversy

The Chadian orphan children scandal is about six French citizens from the aid group L'Arche de Zoe. On October 26, 2007, they were about to fly 103 Sudanese children to France from Chad. Chadian authorities claimed that the children were not orphans from Darfur in Sudan, but children from Chad with parents still alive. For that reason, the six workers were arrested in an airport on October 26, 2007. On December 21, they stood trial for kidnapping of 103 children. Chad's interior minister, Ahmat Bachir, said that the French suspects could face up to 20 years of hard labour in a Chad prison if they are convicted. The six suspects started a hunger strike in protest against the Chad court and the charges brought against them. On December 26, 2007, the six French aid workers were sentenced to eight years with hard labour in prison by a court in Chad. The French prime minister promised to talk with the Chadian government to try to bring the six aid workers back to France. In that case, they would have to serve their eight-year prison sentence in France.
Other websites
Zoe's Ark workers get hard labor
French nurse falls ill during trial in Chad
French aid workers were 'saving lives,' not kidnapping: lawyer
Chad charges aid workers with kidnapping
2007
2007 in France
Chad
International law
Scandals
BRICS

BRICS is an acronym used to talk about the countries of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Many economists think that all these countries are at a similar stage of economic development. When people write about these countries, they usually write "BRICS" or the "BRICS countries".
The acronym was invented by Jim O'Neill, an economist who worked for Goldman Sachs. In 2001, O'Neill wrote an article that he called "Building Better Global Economic BRICs".
Mexico and South Korea were the only other countries with economies that are like the BRICs. O'Neill did not include these countries because they were considered already more developed, as they were already members of the OECD.
In 2023 Argentina, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates were invited to join the group. They also proposed to have a "partnership model" for other countries and talked about starting a common currency. They planned to use the US dollar less.
Current leaders
References
Bibliography
Elder, Miriam, and Leahy, Joe, et al., Who's who: Bric leaders take their place at the top table, Financial Times, London, September 25, 2008
O'Neill, Jim, BRICs could point the way out of the Economic Mire, Financial Times, London, September 23, 2008, p. 28.
International organizations
Economics organizations
Economy of Africa
Economy of Asia
Economy of South America
Economy of Brazil
Economy of India
Economy of Russia
Economy of South Africa
China
Woodland

Woodland is a low-density forest with plenty of sunlight and limited shade. It forms an open habitat.
Woodlands have an understory of shrubs and herbaceous plants including grasses. Woodlands grade into shrubland in drier conditions or in early stages of plant succession. Higher densities and areas of trees, with largely closed canopy, and nearly continuous shade and are often called forests.
Woodland in British forestry means any smaller area covered in trees, however dense. Forest in the British Isles means extensive wooded areas, regardless of density. Royal forests may not be wooded at all. The term ancient woodland is used in British conservation to mean any wooded land that has existed for a very long time (equivalent to the American term old growth forest).
Conservationist work hard to preserve woodlands. The woodlands in Northwest Indiana have been preserved as part of the Indiana Dunes.
References
Other websites
The Woodland Trust
Forests
LeToya Luckett

LeToya Nicole Luckett (born March 11, 1981), known professionally as LeToya, is an Americansinger, actress, producer and songwriter. She is a former member of the R&B female group, Destiny's Child with whom she won two Grammy Awards, but when the group was successfully prompted in the world she was forced to leave.
When interviewed by MTV News, Luckett said that she and LaTavia Roberson created a new group called Anjel. Auditions were made, then Naty Quinones and Tiffany Beaudoin were selected as members. The group recorded demo songs. Their production company which handled the group fell through, and the members of Anjel went on to pursue solo projects.
In 2004, Capitol Records signed Luckett, then she started her solo career. Her solo debut album, LeToya, topped the U.S. Billboard 200 albums chart in July 2006 and was certified platinum by the RIAA in December 2006. The album spawned five singles. Two were released with promotional purpose, to see the audience reaction towards her, but "Torn" would be her most notable song. It achieved records on BET's top ten countdown show 106 & Park. She was also named "One of the Best New Artists of 2006" by AOL and the "Top Songwriter of 2006" by ASCAP. Luckett's second album, Lady Love, was scheduled for a spring 2008 release. It was released in 2009. She is now on road with the stage play tour "Rumors".
Discography
Albums CD
1998: Destiny's Child as Destiny's Child
1999: The Writing's on the Wall as Destiny's Child
2002: This Is the Remix as Destiny's Child
2005: #1's as Destiny's Child
2005: What It Do!
2006: LeToya
2008: Lady Love
2015: Lucky Girk Soundtrack (with Various artists)
2016: Until Then
2017: Back 2 Life
Singles
2004: "You Got What I Need"
2005: "All Eyes on Me"
2006: "Torn"
2006: "She Don't"
2006: "Obvious"
2007: "Almost Made Ya" (with Ali & Gipp)
2007: "Swagger" (featuring UGK, Killa Kyleon and Slim Thug)
2008: "I Miss You" (with Webbie)
2011: "When I Had the Chance" (with Boney James)
2014: "Don't Make Me Wait"
Tour
1998:"Boyz 2 Men Tour" as opening act (with Destiny's Child)
1999:"TLC: FanMail Tour" as opening act (with Destiny's Child)
1999:"The Writing's on the Wall promotional tour" (with Destiny's Child)
2006:"The Breakthrough Tour" as opening act
References
Other websites
LeToya's Myspace
Official fansite
1981 births
Living people
Singers from Houston
American movie actors
American television actors
American pop musicians
American R&B singers
Actors from Houston
Ian Puleston-Davies

Ian Puleston-Davies (born 6 September 1958) is a Welsh actor and writer, best known for portraying the roles of Terry Williams in the Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks (1995-1996), Owen Armstrong in the ITV soap opera Coronation Street (2010-2015), and Charlie Fisher in the BBC One school-based drama series Waterloo Road (2010).
Other websites
1958 births
Living people
British screenwriters
Welsh television actors
Welsh stage actors
Welsh voice actors
People from Flintshire
John Trudell

John Trudell (February 15, 1946 - December 8, 2015) was a Native American author, poet, actor, musician, and political activist. He was the spokesperson for the United Indians of All Tribes' takeover of Alcatraz beginning in 1969. He was partners with Marcheline Bertrand, Angelina Jolie's mother, until her death in 2007. During most of the 1970s, he served as the chairman of the American Indian Movement. He was born in Omaha, Nebraska.
In 2015, Trudell died of cancer at age 69 in Santa Clara County, California.
References
Other websites
Official John Trudell website
1946 births
2015 deaths
Cancer deaths in California
Native American actors
American poets
American activists
Musicians from Omaha, Nebraska
Actors from Omaha, Nebraska
Writers from Omaha, Nebraska
Kōtō

is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo, Japan. The population was 498,109 in 2015.
On 15 March 1947, the ward of Koto was formed by combining the wards of Fukagawa and Joto.
References
Other websites
Wards of Tokyo
1947 establishments in Japan
Mona Hammond

Mona Hammond (born Mavis Chin; 1 January 1931 - 4 July 2022) was a Jamaican-British actress. She was the co-founder of the Talawa Theatre Company. She was best known for her work on British television and played Blossom Jackson in the BBC soap opera EastEnders.
Hammond was made an OBE in the 2005 Queen's Birthday Honours List.
Hammond died on 4 July 2022, at the age of 91.
References
Other websites
1931 births
2022 deaths
Jamaican entertainers
Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
British movie actors
British stage actors
British television actors
Ottmar Hitzfeld

Ottmar Hitzfeld (born 12 January 1949) is a former German football player and football manager.
1949 births
Living people
German football managers
German footballers
Sportspeople from Baden-Wurttemberg
Borussia Dortmund managers
FC Bayern Munchen managers
FC Aarau managers
Gorilla Grodd

Gorilla Grodd is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic book published by DC Comics. He was written as an enemy of The Flash. The character first appeared in The Flash #106 (May 1959) and he was created by John Broome and Carmine Infantino. Gorilla Grodd is an evil and super-intelligent gorilla who gained mental powers after being exposed to the radiation of a meteorite.
IGN named him 35th of the Top 100 Comic Book Villains.
References
DC Comics characters
Arthur Conan Doyle

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (22 May 1859 - 7 July 1930) was a British doctor and author. He is well known because he wrote short stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes. He also wrote science fiction and historical stories.
He became an agnostic by the time he left school. He studied medicine at Edinburgh University from 1876 to 1881. He wrote short stories in his spare time. In 1882, he started working as a doctor in Southsea. He carried on writing short stories while he waited for patients. His first Sherlock Holmes story that was published was A Study in Scarlet.
Doyle's great gifts as a writer were story-telling and character. He created really memorable characters. Holmes' gift for deduction has been copied many times in fiction. The character was probably based on a doctor called Joseph Bell. Holmes himself and Watson were balanced by the evil genius Moriarty, one of the great villains in fiction.
After A Study in Scarlet came The Sign of the Four, The Valley of Fear and The Hound of the Baskervilles. The other Holmes stories were published in the Strand Magazine. They were later collected together in five volumes, starting with The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes.
Conan Doyle also wrote The Lost World, published in 1912. In it, Professor Challenger and his companions travel to find a large plateau in South America where dinosaurs still live.
Their children were: Mary Louise, Arthur Alleyne Kingsley (with Louise), Jean Lena Annette, Denis Percy Stewart, and Adrian Malcolm (with Jean). Doyle's wife Louisa died in 1906. After the death of his son Kingsley just before the end of the First World War, and the deaths of his brother Innes, his two brothers-in-law and his two nephews shortly after the war, Doyle sank into depression. He found solace supporting spiritualism and its attempts to find proof of existence beyond the grave. He was a member of the renowned supernatural organisation The Ghost Club.
References
Other websites
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Literary Estate
The Chronicles of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
1859 births
1930 deaths
Writers from Edinburgh
Knights of Grace of the Order of St John
Former Roman Catholics
Le Haillan

Le Haillan is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Communes in Gironde
Madeleine Bordallo

Madeleine Mary Zeien Bordallo (; born May 31, 1933) is a Guamanian politician, who served as the Delegate from the United States territory of Guam to the United States House of Representatives from 2003 until 2019.
She is the first woman ever to serve as Guam's Delegate. She is the first female Lieutenant Governor of Guam (from 1995 to 2003). As the wife of Ricardo Bordallo, she was also the First Lady of Guam from 1975 to 1979 and from 1983 to 1987.
References
1933 births
Living people
Lieutenant Governors of Guam
United States representatives
Politicians from Minnesota
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Junji Ito

is a Japanese horror mangaka. His best known works include Tomie, Uzumaki and Gyo.
In 2019, Ito received an Eisner Award for his manga adaptation of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein.
References
1963 births
Living people
Japanese manga artists
Japanese writers
2021 Northern Ireland riots

A series of riots in loyalist areas of Northern Ireland began in Waterside, Derry, on 30 March 2021. After four nights of rioting in loyalist areas of Derry, disturbances spread to south Belfast on 2 April. A loyalist protest developed into a riot involving iron bars, bricks and bombs. Following this, civil unrest spread to Newtownabbey on 3 April, where cars were hijacked and burnt, and petrol bombs were also used against police.
References
2021 riots
April 2021 events
Arson
2021 riots
Attacks on buildings and structures in the 2020s
Belfast
Fires in the United Kingdom
March 2021 events
Riots in Europe
2021 crimes in the United Kingdom
Vasily Smyslov

Vasily Smyslov (24 March 1921 - 27 March 2010) was a Russian chess grandmaster, and World Chess Champion from 1957 to 1958.p376
Smyslov was a candidate for the World Chess Championship on eight occasions (1948, 1950, 1953, 1956, 1959, 1965, 1983, and 1985). He was one of the five players selected to compete for the 1948 World Chess Championship tournament to determine who should succeed the late Alexander Alekhine as champion. His selection was questioned by some, but this criticism was silenced when he finished second behind Mikhail Botvinnik. His victories in the double-round Candidates tournaments of 1953 and 1956 were the greatest tournament wins of the 1950s. He played three 24-game world championship matches against the formidable Botvinnik, drawing the first in 1954, winning the second in 1957 but losing the return match in 1958. All three matches were held in Moscow.
Smyslov was twice equal first in the Soviet Championship (1949, 1955), and his total of 17 Chess Olympiad medals won is an all-time record. In five European Team Championships, Smyslov won ten gold medals (team and individual). He remained active and successful in competitive chess well into the 1960s and 1970s and he qualified for the finals of the World Championship Candidates' matches as late as 1983. Vasiliy won the first World Senior Chess Championship in 1991. He retired from competitive play in 2001.
Smyslov was also a concert-level singer. His baritone singing, and fellow grandmaster Taimanov's piano recitals, were evening events at many major chess tournaments.
A tribute from Anatoly Karpov:
"What I remember most about [Smyslov] was his competitive spirit, but also his delicate sense of humour. It was always very tough playing against him, despite him being more than twice my age".
Books by Smyslov
2003: Smyslov's best games, Volume 1: 1935-1957 (Moravian Chess)
2003: Smyslov's best games, Volume 2: 1958-1995 (Moravian Chess)
1997: Endgame virtuoso (Cadogan)
1995: Smyslov's 125 selected games (Everyman Chess)
1972: Grigory Levenfish and Vasily Smyslov Rook endings (Batsford)
Further reading
References
1921 births
2010 deaths
Russian chess players
Soviet chess players
Baritones
Chess grandmasters
IFK Vänersborg

IFK Vanersborg is a sports club in Vanersborg, Sweden. The club was established in 1903, and is most famous for its men's bandy successes. The club has played several seasons in the Swedish top division. During the 2014 World Cup the team played the final, losing 1-4 against Vasteras SK.
References
Other websites
1903 establishments in Sweden
Bandy clubs in Sweden
Ball valve

A ball valve is a kind of valve that has a ball in it, and the ball has a hole in the middle.
When the valve handle turns one way, the hole opens up the valve and water or gas can go through.
When the valve handle turns the other way, the ball blocks the water or gas, and the valve is closed.
Hardware (mechanical)
Carlos Agostinho do Rosário

Carlos Agostinho do Rosario (born 26 October 1954) is a Mozambican politician. He has been Prime Minister of Mozambique from 17 January 2015 to 3 March 2022. He is a member of the FRELIMO and works under President Filipe Nyusi.
References
1954 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Mozambique
Hartlepool United F.C.

Hartlepool Utd F.C are an English football team playing in the English Football League. They were founded in 1908 as 'Hartlepools Utd' and currently play at the Victoria ground. The well known football manager Brian Clough started his career as a manager with Hartlepool in 1965 before leaving to go on and manage Derby County.
References
Club homepage
1908 establishments in England
English football clubs
Hartlepool
Sarvabad

Sarvabad (, ) is a city in Kurdistan province of Iran. Its people speaks in Kurdi. They are followers of Islam. At the 2006 census, its population was 46,760, in 11,186 families.
References
Cities in Iran
Kurdistan Province
Ken Howard

Kenneth Joseph "Ken" Howard, Jr. (March 28, 1944 - March 23, 2016) was an American actor. He was best known for his roles as Thomas Jefferson in 1776 and as basketball coach and former Chicago Bulls player Ken Reeves in the television show The White Shadow. He was elected president of the Screen Actors Guild in September 2009 and elected to a second term in September 2011.
Howard died in Santa Clarita, California on March 23, 2016 of pneumonia complicated by shingles and prostate cancer five days before his 72nd birthday.
References
Other websites
1944 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Deaths from prostate cancer
Presidents of the Screen Actors Guild
Presidents of SAG-AFTRA
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from California
Application programming interface

An application programming interface (API) is a set of functions, procedures, methods or classes used by computer programs to request services from the operating system, software libraries or any other service providers running on the computer. A computer programmer uses the API to make
application programs.
An API works by communicating with and exchanging data with other systems, acting as a messenger between the user and the system to retrieve the necessary data the user is requesting from the system.
Main types of web APIs:
Open APIs - available to the public; they can be accessed by any external users.
Partner APIs - available to strategic business partners; they are exposed to a public API developer portal.
Internal APIs - available to a company's internal development teams; they are exposed to a private API developer portal.
Composite APIs - are a sequence of tasks bundled into a single API call.
Types of API include web services API like the Twitter API, which allows programs to use the API to receive updates on tweets.
References
Software
Jean Stapleton

Jean Stapleton (born Jeanne Murray; January 19, 1923 - May 31, 2013) was an American actress. She was known for her role as Edith Bunker in the 1970 comedy show All in the Family.
Early life
Stapleton was born on January 19, 1923 in New York City, New York. She studied at Hunter College.
Marriage
Stapleton was married to William H. Putch from 1956 until his death in 1983. They had two children.
Personal life
Stapleton's brother, Jack Stapleton, was a stage actor. Her cousin is actress Betty Jane Watson. Stapleton was active in the Christian Science church.
Jean was not, as commonly believed, related to actress Maureen Stapleton.
Death and reaction
Stapleton died on May 31, 2013 in her home in New York City, New York of natural causes, aged 90. She was survived by her two children, John, a TV director, and Pamela, a TV producer.
Norman Lear said, "No one gave more profound 'how to be a human being' lessons than Jean Stapleton." Actress Roseanne Barr said that Stapleton's range was "unbelievable, deep and majestic." Co-star and BAFTA- and Oscar-nominated director and producer Rob Reiner said, "Working with her was one of the greatest experiences of my life." Sally Struthers said, "Jean lived so in the present. She was a Christian Scientist who didn't say or think a negative thing ... She was just a walking, living angel."
Her interment was at Lincoln Cemetery in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania.
The marquee lights on Broadway were dimmed for one minute on June 5, 2013 at 8 p.m. EDT to honor the memory of Stapleton.
At the 65th Primetime Emmy Awards, Rob Reiner honored the career and life of Stapleton.
References
Other websites
Archive of American Television Interview with Jean Stapleton (2000)
1923 births
2013 deaths
Actors from New York City
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Comedians from New York City
Emmy Award winning actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Numerology

Numerology is the belief in a mystical divine connection between a number and certain incidents or events. It is also the study of the numerical value of the letters in words, names, and ideas. It is usually related to the paranormal, astrology, and divinatory arts.
Despite the long history of numerological ideas, the word "numerology" is not found in English before about 1907.
References
Astrology
Fort Mill, South Carolina

Fort Mill, also called Fort Mill Township, is a town in the U.S. state of South Carolina. It is in the northern part of the state. It is south of Charlotte, North Carolina and near Rock Hill, South Carolina.
As of 2018, around 19,848 people were living there.
Towns in South Carolina
Frýdlant

Frydlant (-Czech, German: Friedland) is a town in the Czech Republic. About 7,600 people live there. It is located in the north of the historical region Bohemia.
References
Cities in the Czech Republic
Liberec Region
Andy Whitfield

Andy Whitfield (17 October 1971 - 11 September 2011) was a Welsh-Australian actor. He was best known for his leading role of Spartacus in the Starz television series Spartacus: Blood and Sand. He was born in Amlwch, Anglesey.
Whitfield died from non-Hodgkin lymphoma on 11 September 2011 in Sydney, New South Wales. He was 39. He was outlived by his wife and their two children.
References
Other websites
1971 births
2011 deaths
Actors from Sydney
Australian movie actors
Australian television actors
Cancer deaths in New South Wales
Deaths from non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Welsh movie actors
Welsh television actors
Spearsville, Louisiana

Spearsville is a village in Union Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Villages in Union Parish, Louisiana
Zofia Filipiak-Wozniakiewicz

Zofia Filipiak-Wozniakiewicz (died 1 May 2005) was a Polish female basketball player and Czech handball player. She was a member of the Poland women's national basketball team and Poland women's national Czech handball team.
She competed with the national basketball team in the 1934 Women's World Games basketball tournament, where they didn't reached the final and where classified third. With the national team she won four years later the bronze medal at EuroBasket Women 1938 in Rome, the first official women's basketball championships.
With the national Czech Handball team she also competed at the 1934 Women's World Games Czech handball tournament. Ahead of the main tournament in London, they lost the qualifier match in Zagreb and were excluded from further competition.
Filipiak married to boxer . She died on 1 May 2005 in Lodz. She is buried in a Roman Catholic cemetery at .
References
Year of birth missing
2005 deaths
Polish basketball players
Polish handball players
Sportswomen
Rockhole frog

The rockhole frog, Australian cross-banded tree frog or skipping frog (Litoria meiriana) is a small frog from Australia. It lives in Western Australia and the Northern Territory.
Male adult frogs are about 2 cm long and females are 2.2 cm long. They have webbed hind feet but their front feet are not webbed. Some are dark brown with dark green spots and some are less clear. Some have spots on their thighs. Some have white spots near their eyes.
They live near permanent bodies of water and do not like puddles or vernal pools that dry up. They live in holes in rocks and sometimes in caves or near waterfalls. They are so light that they can skip on the surface of the water like a skipping stone.
They lay eggs in pools near the bottoms of tall rocks, 30-40 eggs at a time.
References
Frogs of Australia
Paleoanthropology

Paleoanthropology (or palaeoanthropology) combines the study of paleontology and physical anthropology. It is the study of human evolution.
The subject is also closely connected to archaeology. The evidence of tool-making and other activities shows the subtle but important changes in thinking that early humans went through.
Related pages
Human evolution
Palaeolithic
References
Subfields of paleontology
Evolution
Physical anthropology
Jiro Kitamura

Jiro Kitamura (Xi Duo Cun Ci Lang , Kitamura Jiro, February 18, 1946 {age 75}; Kobe - ) is a Japanese side guitarist for The Carnabeats. His two nicknames are Jiro (ziro, Jiro) and Golden Bat (Huang Jin batsuto, kogane batto).
Career
He was a member of the electric band "Swing West" before it was converted to GS, and participated in the formation of "Robin Hood". His whereabouts is still unknown after the band was disbanded. Currently, he makes guest appearances at live houses, stages. on an irregular basis, and a joint concert with former Jaguar member Hisayuki Okizu is also held.
1946 births
Living people
Japanese guitarists
Rochelle, Illinois

Rochelle is a city in Illinois in the United States.
Cities in Illinois
Possession Island, Queensland

Possession Island is a small island in the Torres Strait, near Cape York in far northern Queensland, Australia.
The island is called Bedanug or Bedhan Lag by the indigenous Australian people, the Kaurareg people. During his first voyage of discovery James Cook sailed north along the east coast of Australia, landing at Botany Bay. Reaching the tip of Queensland, he named and landed on Possession Island, just before sunset on Wednesday 22 August 1770. He said that the east coast was now British territory under the control of King George III.
He wrote in his journal:
In 2001, the Kaurareg successfully claimed native title rights over the island (and other nearby islands).
Possession Island is located at the centre of the Possession Island National Park. This park has an area of 5.10 km2, and was made a protected area in 1977. It is looked after by the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service.
References
Queensland
English explorers
Dale Crover

Dale Crover (born October 23, 1967) is an American musician. He is best known as the drummer for the band, Melvins. Crover has also played the bands Men of Porn, Shrinebuilder, and Nirvana. He is the current vocalist and guitarist for the band Altamont.
Career
After Mike Dillard left Melvins, the band brought Crover in to drum for them. He was recruited out of an Iron Maiden cover band. In late 1985, Crover formed the band Fecal Matter with Kurt Cobain and Greg Hokanson. Hokanson would later leave the band. After he left, Cobain and Crover decided to record Illiteracy Will Prevail on a 4-track in December 1985 at Cobain's aunt's home in Seattle, Washington. The band would break up in 1986.
Crover would end up drumming on Nirvana's ten-song demo that was recorded on January 23, 1988 at Reciprocal Recording Studios in Seattle. He played a 14-song show with Nirvana in Tacoma, Washington, the night of the demo session. Three of the cuts from the show "Downer", "Floyd the Barber" and "Raunchola/Moby Dick" would appear on the 2004 box set, With the Lights Out. Crover would relocate to San Francisco, California along with Melvins' bandmate Buzz Osborne later in 1988. During Nirvana's west coast tour with Sonic Youth in August 1990, he rejoined the band.
References
1967 births
Living people
American heavy metal musicians
American punk musicians
American rock drummers
American rock guitarists
Musicians from Washington
Nirvana members
People from Aberdeen, Washington
Arthashastra

Arthashastra is an ancient book of India. Kautilya (also known as Chanakya) wrote this book. Kautilya was a minister of Chandragupta Maurya (321 BC - 297 BC), an emperor of Ancient India. After many revisions and additions, the book took its present form about 1800 years before, in the 2nd century.
The book is divided into fifteen sections. It tells about politics and administration. Different sections of the book talk about many subjects, such as: war and politics "rule with a harsh hand"
Duties of the ruler
Training of the princes
Qualifications of ministers of state, home, and foreign offices
Civil services
Defense
Judiciary
Civil and criminal law
Corporation and guilds
Ancient India
4th-century BC books
2nd-century works
The Sixth Sense

The Sixth Sense is a 1999 American psychological horror thriller mystery movie. It is set in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and was directed by M. Night Shyamalan. It stars Haley Joel Osment and Bruce Willis.
It is the second highest-grossing horror movie of all time (behind It).
References
Other websites
1999 drama movies
1999 horror movies
1999 thriller movies
1990s drama thriller movies
1990s horror thriller movies
1999 mystery movies
1990s ghost movies
1990s psychological movies
1990s supernatural movies
American drama thriller movies
American ghost movies
American mystery movies
American psychological movies
English-language movies
Movies composed by James Newton Howard
Movies directed by M. Night Shyamalan
Movies set in Philadelphia
Murder-suicide in movies
Screenplays by M. Night Shyamalan
Supernatural horror movies
Vince Prudente

Vince Prudente (born November 18, 1937, Connellsville, Pennsylvania) is an American trombonist, pianist, arranger, composer, and music teacher. He has played with Duke Ellington, Lionel Hampton and Woody Herman.
In April 1972 Prudente joined the Duke Ellington band as a trombone player. He played on a number of Ellington recordings including Duke Ellington's Third Sacred Concert - The Majesty Of God, recorded in Westminster Abbey in 1973. He played on three songs on the Ellington Suites, recorded between 1959 and 1972, and released in 1987. He also played on "Mendoza" from the album Up In Duke's Workshop, recorded in 1972 and released in 1992. In 1973 he played on Duke Ellington in Sweden.
After Ellington's death in 1974, the Duke Ellington Orchestra continued to play and record under the leadership of Duke's son, Mercer Ellington. Prudente played on the Duke Ellington Orchestra's first album without Duke Ellington, Continuum, recorded in 1974 and 1975. Larry Ridley was also a member of the orchestra, and Prudente played with his jazz sextet in 1994 and 1995.
He has also played trombone on Phyllis Hyman's 1998 album, One On One. Prudente plays trombone with Jim Hobbs and The Fully Celebrated Orchestra's album,
Lapis Exilis.
In 2004 Prudente took part in the Ellington Reunion Project, when 18 former members of Ellington's orchestra got together to perform two concerts.
Prudente is also a music teacher and has worked in a number of different universities, including NYU and Chico State, teaching trombone, improvisation, arranging and several other courses in jazz.
In 2007 Prudente made his first album, called "The Treatment" with his quartet, playing both trombone and piano.
References
1937 births
Living people
American jazz musicians
American trombonists
Musicians from Pennsylvania
Linga

A linga or a lingam is a very complex Phallus symbol of Hinduism. It is associated with Shiva, supreme god in main gods of the Hindus. The Hindu scriptures say that a linga represents energy and strength. In almost all the temples of Shiva, Shiva is shown in the form of a Circumcised linga.
The Hindu scriptures also say that Shiva took twelve forms as Jyotirlinga, that is, a linga of light. In India, there are twelve places where this form of Shiva is worshiped. The Hindu scriptures also tell about five more forms of lingas. These form of lingas represent the earth, the water, the fire, the air and the sky (or ether). There are five different places in India where Hindus worship these forms of Shiva. These places are located at the following locations:
Kanchipuram: God Shiva's linga in the form of the earth
Srirangam: God Shiva's linga in the form of the water
Tiruvannamalai: God Shiva's linga in the form of the fire
Kalahasti: God Shiva's linga in the form of the air
Chidambaram: God Shiva's linga in the form of the sky (or ether)
Beside above places, in almost all the towns and villages of India, Shiva's temples are found. In all such temples, lingas are worshipped.
Also in other places in the World of Ancient history, Shiva Limgam was worshipped.
References
Hinduism
Hugh McElhenny

Hugh Edward McElhenny Jr. (December 31, 1928 - June 17, 2022) was a professional American football player. He was a halfback in the National Football League (NFL) from 1952 to 1964 for the San Francisco 49ers, Minnesota Vikings, New York Giants, and Detroit Lions.
McElhenny died on June 17, 2022 in Henderson, Nevada from problems caused by Guillain-Barre syndrome, aged 93.
References
Other websites
1928 births
2022 deaths
San Francisco 49ers players
New York Giants players
Detroit Lions players
Minnesota Vikings players
Sportspeople from Los Angeles
Sadegh Malek Shahmirzadi

Sadegh Malek Shahmirzadi () (April 24, 1940 - October 12, 2020) was an Iranian archaeologist and anthropologist. He was born in Shahmirzad, Semnan Province.
Shahmirzadi was the author of over 60 research articles and books. Shahmirzadi's book, Dictionary of Archeology English-Persian-Persian-English, published in 1997.
Shamirzadi died on October 12, 2020 in Tehran at the age of 80.
Works
1978, Introduction to Sociology (in Persian).
1994, Fundamental of Archaeology, Prehistoric Iran, Prehistoric Mesopotamia and Art and Archeology of Ancient Egypt (in Persian).
1996, English for Student of Archeology.
1996, Dictionary of Archaeology English-Persian-Persian-English. ()
1996, Iranian Houses.
1998, History of Early Iran (in Persian); co-authors with Dr. M. Haririan, Dr. J. Amoozgar, and N. Mirsaidi. (Fifth printing 2006).
1999, Prehistoric Iran; Iran From The Earliest Times to the Dawn of Urbanism.
2000, Agh Tepe; co-author with Jebraeil Nokandeh.
2004, The Silversmiths of Sialk (in Persian). ()
2006, Sialk, The Oldest Fortified Village of Iran; Iranian Center for Archaeological Research, Tehran, Iran.
References
1940 births
2020 deaths
Iranian writers
Archaeologists
Asian anthropologists
Jovian

Jovian (1994 - November 10, 2014) was a Coquerel's sifaka lemur, best known for mainly portraying Zoboomafoo in the series of the same name. On November 10, 2014, Jovian died at his home in the Duke Lemur Center of renal failure at age 20.
Jovian was born in the spring of 1994 at the Duke Lemur Center to parents Nigel and Flavia.
References
1994 births
2014 deaths
Individual animals
Lemuriformes
Deaths from renal failure
Toshinobu Katsuya

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Katsuya was educated at and played for Shimabara Commercial High School and Osaka University of Commerce. After graduating in 1984, he joined Japan Soccer League side Honda. He was selected Best Eleven in 1985/86 and 1986/87. But he moved to fellow JSL side Nissan Motors (later Yokohama Marinos) in 1991. He was transferred to Jubilo Iwata in 1994, then to Cerezo Osaka in 1998, and retired from the game at the end of the 1998 season.
In September 1985, Katsuya was selected the Japan national team for 1986 World Cup qualification. At this qualification, on September 22, he debuted against Hong Kong. He also played 1986 Asian Games and 1988 Summer Olympics qualification in 1987.
In 1992, Katsuya was selected Japan for the first time in 5 years. He was a member of the Japan won the 1992 Asian Cup. He played 3 matches in the competition. In 1993, he was also selected Japan for 1994 World Cup qualification. At this qualification, he filled in for injured left back Satoshi Tsunami in the Final round. He was on the pitch when Japan's hope to play in the finals was dashed by an injury-time Iraqi equaliser in the last qualifier, the match that the Japanese fans now refer to as the "Agony of Doha" (dohanoBei Ju ). This qualification was his last game for Japan. He played 27 games for Japan until 1993.
In 1989, Katsuya selected Japan national futsal team for 1989 Futsal World Championship in Netherlands.
After retirement, Katsuya started coaching career at Cerezo Osaka in 1999. He mainly served as an assistant coach and scout.
Statistics
|-
|1984||rowspan="7"|Honda||rowspan="7"|JSL Division 1||16||1||||||||||16||1
|-
|1985/86||22||0||||||||||22||0
|-
|1986/87||19||1||||||||||19||1
|-
|1987/88||22||1||||||3||0||25||1
|-
|1988/89||18||0||||||1||0||19||0
|-
|1989/90||22||2||||||2||1||24||3
|-
|1990/91||21||1||||||4||0||25||1
|-
|1991/92||Nissan Motors||JSL Division 1||20||0||||||3||0||23||0
|-
|1992||rowspan="2"|Yokohama Marinos||rowspan="2"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||0||0||6||0||6||0
|-
|1993||25||0||1||0||0||0||26||0
|-
|1994||rowspan="4"|Jubilo Iwata||rowspan="4"|J1 League||22||1||1||0||0||0||23||1
|-
|1995||35||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||35||1
|-
|1996||27||0||1||0||13||1||41||0
|-
|1997||15||0||2||0||4||0||21||0
|-
|1998||Cerezo Osaka||J1 League||14||0||0||0||0||0||14||0
298||8||5||0||36||2||339||10
298||8||5||0||36||2||339||10
|}
|-
|1985||2||0
|-
|1986||4||0
|-
|1987||6||0
|-
|1988||0||0
|-
|1989||0||0
|-
|1990||0||0
|-
|1991||0||0
|-
|1992||9||0
|-
|1993||6||0
|-
!Total||27||0
|}
References
Other websites
1961 births
Living people
Footballers from Nagasaki Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
Japan Soccer League players
Honda FC players
Yokohama F. Marinos players
Jubilo Iwata players
Cerezo Osaka players
1992 AFC Asian Cup players
AFC Asian Cup-winning players
Bowl

A bowl is a container for food. It can hold liquids, such as soups and solids, like popcorn. People also prepare salads in it. A bowl is like a ball cut in half. Bowls are usually made from glass, ceramic, wood or plastic. There is a lot of history regarding bowls, but they are known to first be found in China, 20,000 years ago.
Kitchenware
Shapleigh

Shapleigh, pronounced "SHAP-lee", is a town of York County in the state of Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
The Ladies Man (1961 movie)

The Ladies Man is a 1961 American comedy movie directed by Jerry Lewis (who also stars) and starring Helen Traubel, Kathleen Freeman, Buddy Lester, George Raft, Harry James, Jack Kruschen, Mary LaRoche, Pat Stanley. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Other websites
1961 comedy movies
American comedy movies
Paramount movies
Movies directed by Jerry Lewis
Sy Oliver

Melvin James "Sy" Oliver (born December 17, 1910 in Battle Creek, Michigan; died May 28, 1988 in New York City) was a jazz arranger, trumpeter, composer, singer, and band leader. His mother was a piano teacher and his father was a multi-instrumentalist who made a name for himself demonstrating saxophones at a time that instrument was little used outside of marching bands.
Oliver left home at 17 to play with Zack Whyte and his Chocolate Beau Brummels and later with Alphonse Trent. He sang and played trumpet with these bands, becoming known for his "growling" horn playing.
Sy arranged and conducted many songs for Ella Fitzgerald from her years with Decca Records. As a composer, one of his most famous songs was "T'ain't What You Do (It's the Way That You Do It)" which he co-wrote with Trummy Young.
He joined Jimmie Lunceford's band in 1933 and contributed many hit arrangements to the band, including "My Blue Heaven" and "Ain't She Sweet". In 1939, he became one of the first African Americans with a prominent role in a white band when he joined Tommy Dorsey as an arranger, though he stopped playing trumpet at that time. (Fletcher Henderson joined the Benny Goodman orchestra as the arranger in the same year.) He led the transition of the Dorsey band from Dixieland to modern big band. His joining was instrumental in Buddy Rich's decision to join Dorsey. His arrangement of "On the Sunny Side of the Street" was a big hit for Dorsey, as were his own compositions "Yes Indeed" (a gospel-jazz tune that was later recorded by Ray Charles), "Opus One," "The Minor is Muggin'," "T.D.'s Boogie Woogie," and "Well, Git It."
After leaving Dorsey, Oliver continued working as a free-lance arranger. One of his more successful such efforts was the Frank Sinatra album I Remember Tommy, a combined tribute to each man's former boss---and as music director for Decca Records.
In later years, up until 1980, he led his own jazz band, for which he took up the trumpet again.
References
1910 births
1988 deaths
American jazz musicians
20th-century American composers
American jazz composers
American trumpeters
Musicians from Michigan
People from Battle Creek, Michigan
Vibrio

Vibrio is a type of gram-negative bacteria that have a curved rod shape, several species of which can cause food poisoning, usually due to eating seafood that has not been cooked enough. They are usually found in saltwater as they cannot survive in freshwater. Vibrio can breathe with or without oxygen and do not create spores. All members of the genus can move and have flagella on both ends with or without sheaths. Recent phylogenies have been made based on a group of genes (multi-locus sequence analysis).
The name Vibrio comes from Filippo Pacini who isolated microorganisms he called "vibrions" from cholera patients in 1854.
Gram-negative bacteria
Sword of Reinheimen

The Sword of Reinheimen is a sword that was found in Norway in 2017 - in the county of Oppland. The age of the sword: Some archeologists think it is from 800 A.D. to early 10th century.
The sword was found at an altitude of 1640 m; and the sword is thought to be in a good condition, in part because it was found in a scree, without the sword being in contact with soil.
The sword was found by a reindeer hunter (while hunting), in the county of Oppland.
A "viking sword", it has been called.
On 4 September 2017 archeologists were taken to the exact place, where the sword was found.
The find was reported by media, later that week.
Studying the sword
On 4 September 2017, "archeologists from Lillehammer" looked closely at the sword. The sword is expected to come to Museum of Cultural History, Oslo (en) [later in 2017].
Possible reasons for why the sword came to rest
The sword could have belonged to somebody who died outside.
The sword could have belonged to somebody traveling across snow, and the sword could have been lost in snow.
The area where the sword was found, is a place used for hunting reindeer. Reindeer hunters often sneak up on reindeers, and sometimes the hunters leave things somewhere outside (while trying to sneak towards reindeer), and sometimes those things can not be easily found, especially when there is snow on the ground.
Other websites
Breaking News: A Viking Sword Found at High Altitude
References
Swords
History of Norway
Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2016

The Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2016 was the fourteenth edition of the contest. It took place at the Mediterranean Conference Centre, Valletta, Malta on 20 November 2016, Maltanese broadcaster Public Broadcasting Services was the host broadcaster for the event. The motto for the contest was "Embrace".
Results
Score sheet
12 points
Below is a summary of the maximum 12 points awarded by each country's adult and kids jury. Countries in bold gave the maximum 24 points (12 points apiece from the adult and kids jury) to the specified entrant.
Spokespersons
The first votes to be announced were those of the professional music industry jury, announced in the order of performance. The expert juries then announced their votes which had been cast live at the contest. Finally, the points awarded by the kids juries were announced as a total in order of the fewest to the greatest number of points received by each country. The spokespersons are shown below alongside each participating country.
Andrea Leddy
Mika
Juna Dizdari
Mikhail Smirnov
Gaia Cauchi
Milen Pavlov
Antonija Dimitrijevska
Nicoletta Wlodarczyk
Ruslan Aslanov
Anna Trincher
Jade Scicluna
Tomislav Radojevic
Itay Limor
Sebastian Hill
Anneloes
Loucas Demetriou
Elene Sturua
Christer Bjorkman, Mads Grimstad and Jedward
References
Other websites
2016 in Europe
Junior Eurovision Song Contest
2016 in music