pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Illegal drug trade

The illegal drug trade or drug trafficking is a global black market and includes the growing, making, distribution, and sale of illegal drugs. While some drugs are legal to possess and sell, in most areas laws do not allow the trade of some drugs.
Those drugs often include heroin, cocaine, marijuana or others. Drug traffickers may punished with time in prison for several years. In some countries, the crime carries the death penalty.
Punishment
Several countries use the death penalty to punish people for drug trafficking.
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Brunei
China
Egypt
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Kuwait
Laos
Malaysia
Oman
Pakistan
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
Somalia
Sri Lanka
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
United Arab Emirates
Zimbabwe
Related pages
Corruption
Golden Crescent
Organized crime
Smuggling
Money laundering
Drug cartel
Rum-running
Other websites
News, information, laws and photos of illegal drugs, narcotics and drug trafficking
United Nations - Drug Programme
Geopium: Geopolitics of Illicit Drugs in Asia (English and French)
United Nations World Drug Report
Illicit drug issues by country, by the CIA
Organized crime
Illegal drugs
James Noble (actor)

James Wilkes Noble (March 5, 1922 - March 28, 2016) was an American actor. He was best known for his role of the sweet-natured but naive Governor on ABC's 1980s sitcom Benson. He was born in Dallas, Texas. He retired from acting in 2010.
Noble died from complications of a stroke at his home in Norwalk, Connecticut on March 28, 2016, aged 94.
References
Other websites
James Noble at the University of Wisconsin's Actors Studio audio collection
James Noble(Aveleyman)
1922 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from stroke
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Dallas
Brynäs IF

Brynas IF is an ice hockey club in the town of Gavle in Sweden. It was established in 1912. The club adopted the game of ice hockey in 1939. The club won the Swedish national ice hockey championship in 1964, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1976, 1977, 1980, 1993, 1999 and 2012. It also lost the Swedish national finals in 1975, 1995 and 2017.
Brynas IF's men's ice hockey team was relegated from the SHL for first time at the end of the 2022-2023 season. That happened after losing the regulation playout series to the Malmo Redhawks with 1-4.
References
Other websites
Official website
Brynas IF
Brynas IF
William McMahon

Sir William McMahon (23 February 1908 - 31 March 1988) was the 20th Prime Minister of Australia. He was elected to the Australian parliament in 1949, and stayed as Member for Lowe, in Sydney, for 33 years. He challenged John Gorton for the leadership of the Liberal Party of Australia in 1971 and won. He was 63 years old. He lost the next election in December 1972 to Gough Whitlam of the Australian Labor Party. This made him the first Prime Minister not to win an election since Labor's Ben Chifley (who lost in 1949). McMahon was married to (Lady) Sonia McMahon from 1965 until his death from cancer. Actor Julian McMahon is their son.
The Liberal party had won lots of elections since 1949, but had some popularity problems by 1971. Australian soldiers were still in the Vietnam War. McMahon replaced John Gorton, then made him defence minister, but soon after made him resign for talking about problems in the Liberal Party. McMahon's government was the first to have a Minister for Aboriginal Affairs. Aboriginal land rights were an important topic of debate at this time. On foreign affairs, McMahon said the Opposition leader, Gough Whitlam, was wrong to visit communist China in 1972 - but soon after U.S. President Richard Nixon visited China and McMahon was embarrassed. The economy was not looking too good when the government went to the 1972 election.
References
Australian ministers for Foreign Affairs
Cancer deaths in Sydney
Liberal Party of Australia politicians
Politicians from Sydney
Prime Ministers of Australia
Treasurers of Australia
University of Sydney alumni
1908 births
1988 deaths
Aaron Spelling

Aaron Spelling (April 22, 1923 - June 23, 2006) was an American executive producer of many television shows. He was born in Dallas, Texas. His shows included Beverly Hills, 90210 and Melrose Place. The earlier had Spelling's daughter Tori starring with Shannen Doherty, Gabrielle Carteris and Luke Perry. The latter had Courtney Thorne-Smith, Heather Locklear and Marcia Cross acting in the show.
Spelling was diagnosed with oral cancer in 2001. He died of a stroke in Holmby Hills, Los Angeles, California.
Spelling had a daughter, Tori, and son, Randy.
Other websites
1923 births
2006 deaths
Actors from Dallas
American movie actors
American television actors
American television producers
American television writers
Deaths from stroke
People with Alzheimer's disease
Writers from Texas
2022 Guizhou bus crash

In the early morning of 18 September 2022, 27 people were killed and 20 injured in a bus crash in Sandu Shui Autonomous County, Qiannan Prefecture, Guizhou, People's Republic of China (PRC). The bus was transporting 47 people to a quarantine facility during the COVID-19 pandemic in China.
The accident happened at 2:40 a.m.
References
2021 disasters in Asia
2020s disasters in China
September 2022 events
Transport disasters in Asia
Guizhou
Milagrosa Tan

Milagrosa Tan (1957/1958 - 30 November 2019) was a Filipina politician. She was the Governor of Samar from 2001 through 2010 and again from June 2019 through her death. She was the first female governor of the province. She was a member of the House of Representatives of the Philippines.
Tan died at a hospital in Taguig from cardiac arrest on 30 November 2019, aged 61.
References
Other websites
Province of Samar
1950s births
2019 deaths
Filipino politicians
Deaths from cardiac arrest
John McMartin

John McMartin (November 18, 1929 - July 6, 2016) was an American actor of stage, movie and television. He was known All the President's Men (1976), As the World Turns (1956) and Kinsey (2004).
McMartin was born in Warsaw, Indiana and raised in Minnesota. He died of cancer on July 6, 2016 in New York City, aged 86.
References
Other websites
1929 births
2016 deaths
Cancer deaths in New York City
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Indiana
Actors from Minnesota
Kneževo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Knezevo, previously called Skender Vakuf, is a small town in Central Bosnia, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Geography
Knezevo is situated between the rivers Ugar, Vrbas and Vrbanja and surrounded by the mountain masiff of Cemernica, Ranca in the west, Vlasic in the south and Jezica in the north-east. The municipality has an official altitude of , but really ranges from . Knezevo is southeast of Banja Luka by the M56 motorway.
The mountainous region in the south is forested and impracticable; its limestone mountains reach a height of .
History
In Imljani and Javorani, Roman basilica have been found, as well as the Roman road from Servitium (Banja Luka) to Levsaba (Travnik) in the vicinity were also found. Tombstones of the Stecak type date back to the 14th and 15th centuries, when the area was part of the Kingdom of Bosnia. In 1463 the town became part of the Ottoman Empire and Islam was to become the dominant religion of the region. The Old Mosque was significant and one of the first in the region. It was destroyed, along with the New Mosque, in 1992 during the Bosnian War.
In the Koricani Cliffs massacre of 21 August 1992, some 200 Bosniaks and Croats detainees were massacred by the Bosnian Serbs Police and Army forces (in deep cliff in the canyon of Ilomska) river.
After the Bosnian War, part of the municipality was split off to form the Dobretici municipality of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina entity.
Demographics
According to the results of the 2013 population census in Bosnia and Herzegovina, there were 3.958 inhabitants in Skender Vakuf town, and 10.428 inhabitants in the Skender Vakuf Municipality.
Population
Skender Vakuf (town)
References
Other websites
Official Municipality Website
Settlements in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Fulda River

The Fulda is a river in Hesse, Germany. It is one of two headstreams of the Weser River (the other one being the Werra). The Fulda River is 218 km in length.
The source is in the Rhon mountains. From here it runs northwards through the Weserbergland hills and finally meets the Werra River close to Hannoversch Munden.
Cities along the Fulda River include:
Gersfeld
Fulda
Bad Hersfeld
Rotenburg
Melsungen
Kassel
Geography of Hesse
Rivers of Germany
M6 (TV channel)

M6 (), also known as , is a French television channel.
Television channels in Europe
Hugo Ibarra

Hugo Ibarra (born 1 April 1974) is an Argentine football player. He plays for Boca Juniors.
Club career statistics
|-
|1993/94||rowspan="5"|Colon||rowspan="2"|Primera B Nacional||15||2
|-
|1994/95||45||1
|-
|1995/96||rowspan="3"|Primera Division||29||0
|-
|1996/97||35||4
|-
|1997/98||16||1
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="3"|Boca Juniors||rowspan="3"|Primera Division||25||0
|-
|1999/00||31||0
|-
|2000/01||29||2
|-
|2001/02||Porto||Portuguese Liga||20||0
|-
|2002/03||Boca Juniors||Primera Division||25||4
|-
|2003/04||Monaco||Ligue 1||25||0
|-
|2004/05||Espanyol Barcelona||La Liga||31||1
|-
|2005/06||rowspan="5"|Boca Juniors||rowspan="5"|Primera Division||24||1
|-
|2006/07||26||2
|-
|2007/08||22||0
|-
|2008/09||29||0
|-
|2009/10||||
351||17
20||0
25||0
31||1
427||18
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1999||6||0
|-
|2000||0||0
|-
|2001||0||0
|-
|2002||0||0
|-
|2003||0||0
|-
|2004||0||0
|-
|2005||0||0
|-
|2006||0||0
|-
|2007||5||0
|-
!Total||11||0
|}
References
1974 births
Living people
Argentine footballers
Division of Batman

The Division of Batman was an Australian Electoral Division in Victoria. It was created in 1906 and replaced the Division of Northern Melbourne. It was abolished in 2019 and replaced by the Division of Cooper.
It took its name from John Batman, one of the founders of the city of Melbourne. At first it covered the inner suburbs of Carlton and Fitzroy, but as the boundaries changed it moved north. It included Alphington, Clifton Hill , Northcote, Preston, Reservoir and Thornbury.
Members
Brian Howe was the Deputy Prime Minister in the Hawke and Keating governments. Martin Ferguson was the leader of the Australian Council of Trade Unions (ACTU) before being elected. David Feeney was elected to the Australian Senate in 2007, and resigned to take up a seat in the House of Representatives.
Election results
2004 election result
2007 election result
2010 election result
2013 election result
2016 election result
References
Other websites
Division of Batman - Australian Electoral Commission
David Feeney's website
Former electoral divisions of Australia
Victoria, Australia
1906 establishments in Australia
Urmatt

Urmatt is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
References
Communes in Bas-Rhin
Hopewell Junction, New York

Hopewell Junction is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Dutchess County, New York, United States. The population was 376 at the 2010 census.
References
Hamlets in New York (state)
Census-designated places in New York (state)
Dutchess County, New York
Flores

Flores is one of the Lesser Sunda Islands, an island arc. Its area is about . It goes east from the island of Java. There are about 1.5 million people in Flores. The largest town is Maumere.
Flores is east of Sumbawa and Komodo. It is west of Lembata and the Alor Archipelago. To the southeast is Timor. To the south is the Sumba strait. The Flores Sea is to the north.
On December 12 1992, an earthquake measuring 7.0 on the Richter scale occurred. It killed 2,000 people in the town of Maumere.
References
Islands of Indonesia
Lesser Sunda Islands
Australasia
1852 United States presidential election

The United States presidential election of 1852 was the 17th presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 2, 1852. The United States holds presidential elections every four years. Franklin Pierce was elected president.
Candidates
Millard Fillmore was the incumbent president, having replaced Zachary Taylor, the 1848 winner, on his death in 1850. Fillmore belonged to the Whig Party. Instead of choosing Fillmore as a candidate for 1852, the Whigs chose General Winfield Scott. William Alexander Graham was Scott's running mate, the person who would become vice-president if elected.
The Democratic Party selected Franklin Pierce. Pierce was not a well known politician. William R. King was Pierce's running mate.
References
1852
1852
1850s in the United States
Jarbom Gamlin

Jarbom Gamlin (16 April 1961 - 30 November 2014) was an Indian politician. He was the leader of the Indian National Congress political party in Arunachal Pradesh. He was the Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh serving from May 2011 through October 2011.
Gamlin died from liver thrombosis in Gurgaon, Assam, aged 53.
References
1961 births
2014 deaths
Indian politicians by state or union territory
People from Arunachal Pradesh
Seventh Son

Seventh Son is a 2014 fantasy-action movie directed by Sergei Bodrov. The movie is set during the medieval period. In this movie are Julianne Moore, Alicia Vikander and Jeff Bridges. This movie was released in the United States in February 2015. The studio which distributes Seventh Son is Universal Pictures.
Resources
2014 action movies
2014 fantasy movies
2010s American fantasy movies
2010s American action movies
British action movies
British fantasy movies
Canadian action movies
Canadian fantasy movies
Chinese movies
Movies directed by Sergei Bodrov
Universal Pictures movies
Shalwar wrestling

Shalwar wrestling () is a common style of wrestling in the districts and villages of Kahramanmaras in Turkey. In this wrestling style, which takes its name from the shalwar worn instead of the "kispet" in Oil wrestling or the "pirpit" in Karakucak wrestling, the Wrestlers wear shalwars and are bare feet. Wrestling begins while standing, when the abdomen or knees touch the ground. Defeat is the belly that sees the sky, like in oil and karakucak wrestling. Once the opponent is down, a single move is given. If this move does not produce any result, it is usually straightened up.
Photogallery
References
Sport in Turkey
Billingsley, Alabama

Billingsley is a town in the U.S. state of Alabama.
Towns in Alabama
Hit the Deck

Hit the Deck is a 1955 American musical movie directed by Roy Rowland and stars Jane Powell, Tony Martin, Debbie Reynolds, Walter Pidgeon, Vic Damone, Gene Raymond, Russ Tamblyn. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Other websites
1955 musical movies
American musical movies
Supreme Court of Spain

The Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo, TS) is the highest court in the Kingdom of Spain. It has original jurisdiction over cases against high-ranking officials of the Kingdom and over cases about illegalization of political parties.
The Court has the power of judicial review, except for the judicial revision on constitutional matters, reserved to the Constitutional Court.
References
National supreme courts
Law of Spain
Raju Mishra

Raja Mishra (1947/1948 - 2 November 2020) was an Indian movie director, screenwriter, cinematographer and music director. He was a gold medalist in cinematography from Film and Television Institute of India, Pune.
He directed a total of 12 Odia movies. His career began in 1978. He was born in Jatani, Khordha. Mishra was known for his works in Aranya Rodan, Nirbachana and Joymoti.
Mishra died on 2 November 2020 from cardiac arrest in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, aged 72.
References
Other websites
1940s births
2020 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Indian movie directors
Indian screenwriters
Indian cinematographers
Matam Region

Matam is a region in the nordeast of Senegal. The regional capital is Matam.
As of the 2013 census, 541,032 people lived there. It has an area of .
Departements
There are three departements:
Kanel Departement
Matam Departement
Ranerou Ferlo Departement
Regions of Senegal
Attacks by Islamic extremists in Bangladesh

In 2015, Islamic extremists killed four bloggers and a publisher in Bangladesh. A report by the Committee to Protect Journalists said Bangladesh was the fourth most deadly country for journalists.
In 2013, a local al-Qaeda group called Ansarullah Bengali Team had a list of 84 names of people it wanted silenced. By 2015, 8 of them were dead: Avajit Roy, Rajeeb Haider, Jafar Munshi, Mamun Hossain, Jagatjyoti Talukder, Arif Hossain Dwip, Ziauddin Zakaria Babu and Wasikur Rahman.
Jafar Munshi ( jaaphr munsi ) and Anjali Devi ( anyjlii debiir ) were killed for supposed "defamation of religion", such as refusing to enforce hijab on students. Some of the people murdered were supporter of the Shahbag movement (shaahbaag aandoln ) named for the Shahbag (shaahbaag) district: Ashraful Alam (aashraaphul aalm ), Arif Raihan Deep (aariph raay'haan diip ), Nurul Islam Faruki (nurul islaam phaarukii), Jagat Jyoti Talukder (jgjyoti taalukdaar ), and Jakaria Babu (jaakaariy'aa baabu ).
Deaths in 2016
March
Nazimuddin Samad, a law student, was hacked and shot to death on a busy street in Dhaka.
April
Xulhaz Mannan, editor Of Bangladesh's only LGBT magazine was hacked to death.
Rezaul Karim Siddique, English professor was hacked to death in the city of Rajshahi, Bangladesh, after he organized a music school.
Deaths in 2015
February
Avijit Roy, a writer who started the blog Mukto-Mona, was hacked to death with machetes in Dhaka after a book fair. His wife, Rafida Bonya Ahmed, was hurt.
March
Washiqur Rahman Babu was killed with knives at his house in Dhaka. Police said he wrote about religion on Facebook under the name Washiqur Babu.
May
Ananta Bijoy Das was a blogger with Avaijit Roy's Mukto-Mona. He was hacked to death with machetes in Sylhet.
August
Niladri Chakrabarti wrote under the name Niloy Neel. He was killed in his apartment.
October
Faisal Abedin Deepan was killed in his office. He was a publisher who published Roy's books. Another publisher, Ahmed Rahim Tutal, was attacked, but he lived.
Deaths in 2013
Ahmed Rajib Haider was hacked to death near his home in Dhaka in February 2013. He wrote under the name Thaba Baba on his blog Somewhere in Blog.
References
2010s in Bangladesh
Islamic terrorism
Journalism
Red Hills (Kansas)

The Red Hills (also called Gypsum Hills) is a physiographic area. It is mostly in Clark, Comanche and Barber counties in southern and central Kansas. This land has a lot of red rock. It does not fit the normal description of the Great Plains land of Kansas.
References
Other websites
Red Hills Focus Area-U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Gypsum Hills on Kansastravel.org
Geography of Kansas
Bretonnières

Bretonnieres is a municipality in Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Vaud
The Living Daylights (song)

"The Living Daylights" is a 1987 song by Norwegian pop band A-ha and is the first single from their third studio album Stay on These Roads (1988). It is the theme song from the 1987 James Bond movie of the same name. The song went to number 1 in Norway, number 2 in Ireland, number 3 in Denmark, Finland, Italy and Sweden, number 4 in Belgium, number 5 in South Africa and the United Kingdom, number 8 in Switzerland and Germany and number 9 in the Netherlands.
References
1987 songs
A-ha songs
Wellington Webb

Wellington E. Webb (born February 17, 1941) is an American politician. He was in the Colorado House of Representatives and was the first African American mayor of Denver, Colorado, from 1991 to 2003.
Other websites
Biography by DenverGov.org - Focuses mostly on Webb's service as city auditor
The Wellington E. Webb Municipal Office Building - Information and pictures
South Platte project
1941 births
Living people
Mayors of Denver
Politicians from Chicago
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Retzstadt

Retzstadt is a community in the Main-Spessart district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (Administrative Community) of Zellingen.
Geography
Location
Retzstadt is in the Main-Spessart district in a side-valley of the Main, on the river Retz.
The community has only the Gemarkung (traditional rural cadastral area) of Retzstadt.
References
Main-Spessart
Shuqualak, Mississippi

Shuqualak is a town in Noxubee County, Mississippi, United States.
Towns in Mississippi
Aleksey Batalov

Aleksey Vladimirovich Batalov () was a Soviet and Russian actor. He has been known for his portrayal of noble and positive characters. He was named a People's Artist of the USSR in 1976 and a Hero of Socialist Labour in 1989. He also starred in Mikhail Romm's Nine Days of One Year (1962). In 1967 he was a member of the jury of the 5th Moscow International Film Festival. In 1973 he was a member of the jury at the 8th Moscow International Film Festival.
Batalov died on 14 June 2017 in Moscow from complications of a fall at the age of 88.
References
1928 births
2017 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls
Russian movie actors
Kalzeubet Pahimi Deubet

Kalzeubet Pahimi Deubet is a Chadian businessman, economist, and politician. He became Prime Minister of Chad in November 2013 after the resignation of Djimrangar Dadnadji.
Related pages
List of scientists from Africa
References
Living people
Prime Ministers of Chad
Economists
African businesspeople
1957 births
Baisieux

Baisieux () is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 4,784 people lived there.
References
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Vinícius Júnior

Vinicius Jose Paixao de Oliveira Junior (born 12 July 2000), commonly known as Vinicius Junior or Vini Jr. (), is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Spanish club Real Madrid and the Brazil national team. He is considered to be one of the best wingers in the world due to his dribbling skills, pace, and stamina.
Career statistics
Club
International
International goals
Scores and results list Brazil's goal tally first.
Honours
Real Madrid
La Liga: 2019-20, 2021-22
Supercopa de Espana: 2019-20, 2021-22
UEFA Champions League: 2021-22
FIFA Club World Cup: 2018
Brazil U15
South American U-15 Championship: 2015
Brazil U17
South American U-17 Championship: 2017
BRICS U-17 Football Cup: 2016
Individual
Copa Sao Paulo de Futebol Junior Best Left-Winger: 2017
South American U-17 Championship Best Player: 2017
La Liga Player of the Month: November 2021
References
Other websites
ESPN profile
2000 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Association football forwards
Real Madrid players
2022 FIFA World Cup players
Dölsach

Dolsach is a municipality of the district of Lienz in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Tyrol (state)
Villefranche-de-Panat

Villefranche-de-Panat is a commune in the Aveyron department. It is in southern France.
Related pages
Communes of the Aveyron department
Communes in Aveyron
Eaton County, Michigan

Eaton County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, 109,175 people live here. The county seat is Charlotte.
References
1837 establishments in Michigan
Michigan counties
Katie Holmes

Katherine Noelle "Katie" Holmes (born December 18, 1978) is an American actress. She was born in Toledo, Ohio. She was "Joey" on the WB network TV show Dawson's Creek. Her mother's name is Katherine Ann Holmes
Personal life
Holmes dated her Dawson's Creek co-star Joshua Jackson early in the show's run. Holmes met actor Chris Klein in 2000. Klein and Holmes were engaged in late 2003. In early 2005 she and Klein ended their relationship.
Weeks after her relationship with Klein ended, Holmes began dating actor Tom Cruise. She and Cruise married on November 18, 2006. On April 18, 2006 their daughter named Suri was born.
In June 2012, Holmes filed for divorce. This was the first divorce for Holmes and the third for Cruise.
Legal issues
In early March 2011, Holmes filed a $50 million libel lawsuit against the Star. They had a cover story which made it seem that she took drugs. The suit was settled on April 27, 2011. The Star wrote a public apology in the May 6, 2011 issue. They also made a "substantial" donation to Katie's charity Dizzy Feet Foundation.
Awards
In June 2011 Katie Holmes received the Women in Film Max Mara Face of the Future Award.
Movies and television
References
Other websites
1978 births
Living people
Actors from Toledo, Ohio
American movie actors
American television actors
Scientologists
Middle income trap

In economics the middle income trap happens when a country's GDP is stuck at some level and cannot increase.
The World Bank says that South Africa and Brazil have fell into the trap.
Economists think this happens because as a country sells more and gets richer, it pays higher wages. This increases the cost of selling stuff. So the countries lose their competitive advantage and get stuck, unable to sell more and get richer.
The World Bank says a country is in the 'middle-income range' if its gross national product per person stays between $1,000 to $12,000 (in 2011 prices).
I don't want to fall into the trap
To avoid the trap, a country could find better ways to make goods and reduce the cost of making them. They could also find new people or countries to sell their goods to. An increasing middle class could also use their money to buy fancy stuff that helps further promote growth: this includes better education, better technology and infrastructure, studying science and technology to create more innovations.
References
Economics
Cameron, Texas

Cameron is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Milam County.
Cities in Texas
County seats in Texas
Quince

The quince is a fruit that grows on small trees. It is in the same family as apples and pears. It starts green colored and then ripens to a bright golden yellow color, and looks like a bumpy lemon.
The quince fruit is too hard to eat. It can be cooked to make it soft, or it can be left out on purpose to rot. If it is damaged by frost, that helps start the process of making it soft and good to eat. Quinces are mainly used for making jelly and jam. The interior of a quince is white when it is raw, but it becomes pinkish orange when it is cooked. When the jam is made it will be these colors
Quince
Rosaceae
John Lynch

John Harry Lynch (born November 25, 1952) is an American businessman and politician. He was the 80th Governor of New Hampshire from 2005 to 2013. Lynch was first elected governor in 2004, beating incumbent Craig Benson. Lynch won re-election in landslide victories in 2006, 2008, and in 2010.
Lynch is the most popular governor in New Hampshire history and, while in office, and was ranked among the nation's most popular governors.
References
1952 births
Living people
Businesspeople from New Hampshire
Governors of New Hampshire
Politicians from Massachusetts
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Antidepressant

An antidepressant is a type of medication that is used to treat people with mood disorders including depression and also to treat people with anxiety disorders. Some people take antidepressants to lower their sex drive and treat premature ejaculation.
There are different types of antidepressant, such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), tetracyclic antidepressants (TeCAs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).
How they work
Antidepressants work to improve the mood. Doctors think that when someone is depressed, the chemicals in their brain are not working properly. Antidepressants balance these chemicals, lifting the depression.
References
Drugs used in psychiatry
Giant clam

The giant clams are the members of the clam genus Tridacna that are the largest living bivalve mollusks. There are actually several species of "giant clams" in the genus Tridacna, which are often misidentified for Tridacna gigas, the most commonly intended species referred to as "the giant clam".
Tridacna gigas is one of the most endangered clam species. Antonio Pigafetta documented these in his journal as early as 1521. One of a number of large clam species native to the shallow coral reefs of the South Pacific and Indian oceans, they can weigh more than , measure as much as across and have an average lifespan in the wild of over 100 years. They are also found off the shores of the Philippines and in the South China Sea in the coral reefs of Sabah (Malaysian Borneo).
The giant clam lives in flat coral sand or broken coral and can be found at depths of as much as 20 m (66 ft). Its range covers the Indo-Pacific, but populations are diminishing quickly, and the giant clam has become extinct in many areas where it was once common. The maxima clam is found most commonly among giant clam species; it can be found off high- or low-elevation islands, in lagoons or fringing reefs. Its rapid growth rate is likely due to its ability to grow algae in its body tissue.
Although larval clams are planktonic, they become sessile in adulthood. The creature's mantle tissues act as a home for the symbiotic single-celled dinoflagellate algae (zooxanthellae) from which the adult clams get most of their food. By day, the clam opens its shell and extends its mantle tissue so that the algae get the sunlight they need to photosynthesize.
References
Bivalves
Beauval, Somme

Beauval is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. In 2016, 2,126 people lived there.
References
Communes in Somme
Al Quie

Albert Harold "Al" Quie (September 18, 1923 - August 18, 2023) was an American politician. He was the 35th Governor of Minnesota, from January 4, 1979 to January 3, 1983. Quie was born in Dennison, Minnesota. From 1958 until 1979, he was a member of the United States House of Representatives.
Quie died on August 18, 2023, at his home in Wayzata, Minnesota, one month before his 100th birthday.
References
1923 births
2023 deaths
Governors of Minnesota
Republican Party (United States) politicians
20th-century American politicians
American Lutherans
United States representatives from Minnesota
World War II people
Mōri clan

The Mori clan was a group of Japanese samurai that originated from Oe no Hiromoto, who was a descendant of the Fujiwara clan. One of their most famous members, Mori Motonari, greatly increased the clan's influence in Aki Province. During the Edo period, Motonari's descendants became daimyo (feudal lords) of the Choshu Domain under the rule of the Tokugawa shogunate. However, after the Meiji Restoration, which abolished the han system and daimyo, the Mori clan became part of the new nobility.
Related pages
Oe no Hiromoto
Sagami Province
Aki Province
Hiroshima Domain
Hiroshima Castle
Choshu Domain
Ouchi clan
Amago clan
Kobayakawa clan
Kikkawa clan
Hayashi Narinaga
References
This article incorporates text from OpenHistory.
Articles containing Japanese-language text
Pages with unreviewed translations
Walthall County, Mississippi

Walthall County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, 15,443 people lived there. Its county seat is Tylertown.
References
20th-century establishments in Mississippi
1910 establishments in the United States
Mississippi counties
Shelley Hack

Shelley Marie Hack (born July 6, 1947) is an American model, actress, producer, and political and media adviser. She is best known as the model of Revlon's Charlie perfume from the mid-1970s until the early 1980s. She is also known for playing Tiffany Welles in the fourth season of Charlie's Angels (1979-80).
References
Other websites
1947 births
American movie actors
American television actors
Living people
Models from Connecticut
American television producers
American stage actors
Businesspeople from Connecticut
Actors from Greenwich, Connecticut
List of Adventures in Odyssey characters

The following is a list of the characters from the Adventures in Odyssey radio program.
Major characters
John Avery Whittaker, voiced by Hal Smith (1987 - 1994) and Paul Herlinger (1996 - present): the main character, mostly known as just "Whit."
Connie Kendall, voiced by Katie Leigh (1987 - present): the longest-working "Whit's End" employee.
Eugene Meltsner, voiced by Will Ryan (1988 - 2000, 2005 - present).
Katrina (Shanks) Meltsner, the wife of Eugene Meltsner, voiced by Pamela Hayden (1994 - 1998) and Audrey Wasilewski (2005 - present).
Bernard Walton, voiced by Dave Madden (1990 - present): the town's window-washer.
Jason Whittaker, voiced by Townsend Coleman (1994 - present): Whit's son and former NSA agent. He ran Whit's End when Whit was in the Middle East.
Chris, voiced by Chris Anthony (1987 - present), the show's announcer.
Jack Allen, voiced by Alan Young (1994 - 2004, 2008 - present): childhood friend of Whit, former manager of "Whit's End" when Whit was in the Middle East, and now is the owner of the J & J Antique Gallery with his wife Joanne. He is not thought to be inactive, but simply has not been in any shows for a while.
Bart Rathbone, voiced by Walker Edmiston (1987 - 2007), unknown voice (2008 - present): the schemish manager of the Electric Palace.
Rodney Rathbone, voiced by Steve Burns (1990 - 2006): Bart's son, local bully, and head of the "Bones of Rath."
Tom Riley, voiced by Walker Edmiston (1987 - 2008 when he died): a local farmer and good friend of Whit.
References
Sources
AIOHQ.com Character Histories
Characters
Lists of fictional characters
Surfactant

A surfactant is a chemical that lowers the surface tension of a liquid. Less surface tension lets the liquid soak into things better, and can also let bubbles form easier. A liquid that bubbles and soaks into things is better at cleaning, so surfactants are used in soap.
Uses
Every year, 15 million tons of surfactants are made. Half of them are used in soap; the rest are used in many different ways including making toothpaste and concrete.
One popular surfactant is sodium laurel sulfate, also called sodium dodecyl sulfate or SDS. SDS is a cheap, commonly used surfactant that is used in almost every toothpaste and many shampoos, body washes, and shaving creams.
Safety and environment
Small amounts of most common surfactants are usually not harmful to people or animals, although if they get into eyes they can be painful. Very large amounts of surfactants can kill animals, but the amount varies depending on the surfactant.
Larger amounts of surfactants can be a problem in the environment, where they let the soil hold more water than usual, but this problem usually goes away in a few days.
References
Chemistry
Billy & Mandy: Wrath of the Spider Queen

Billy & Mandy: Wrath of the Spider Queen is a 2007 animated TV movie based on The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy.
Plot
Spiders have infested Endsville, including Billy's son, Jeff.
Cast
Richard Steven Horvitz as Billy, Harold
Grey DeLisle as Mandy
Greg Eagles as Grim
Vanessa Marshall as Irwin
Maxwell Atoms as Jeff
Kari Wahlgren as Velma Green the Spider Queen
Fred Willard as Boogey
Rachael MacFarlane as Mindy, Eris
Phil LaMarr as Judge Roy Spleen
Armin Shimerman as General Skarr
Home media
The movie can be found on iTunes as two episodes.
2007 animated movies
2007 television movies
American animated movies
American television movies
Movies about spiders
The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy movies
NA-95 (Mianwali-I)

NA 95 (Mianwali I) is a National Assembly constinuency in Pakistan.
Areas involved: Isa Khel, Daud Khel, Kalabagh and some areas of Mianwali Tehsil.
Members of This Constinuency from 2018.
NA-95
Marc Singer

Marc Singer (born January 29, 1948) is a Canadian-born American actor.
Singer is best known for his roles in the Beastmaster movie series, as Mike Donovan in the original 1980s TV series V, as Man-Bat in Batman: The Animated Series and his role in Dallas as Matt Cantrell.
Singer also played General Matthew Shrieve on The CW television series Arrow's third season.
References
Other websites
His Agency
Saving the World's All in a Day's Work for Marc Singer
1948 births
Actors from Vancouver
American video game actors
American voice actors
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Canadian voice actors
Canadian movie actors
Canadian stage actors
Canadian television actors
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Living people
Actors from Corpus Christi, Texas
Yehoshua Kenaz

Yehoshua Kenaz () ( 2 March 1937 - 12 October 2020) was an Israeli novelist. He was born in Petah Tikva, in the British Mandate of Palestine.
He translated many French classics into Hebrew, and worked on the editorial staff of the Ha'aretz newspaper.
He was awarded the Alterman Prize in 1991, the Newman Prize in 1992, the Agnon Prize (1993), the ACUM Prize (1994) and the Bialik Prize (1995).
In 2007, Infiltration was named one of the ten most important books in Israeli history.
Kenaz died on 12 October 2020 in Jerusalem from COVID-19 at the age of 83.
References
1937 births
2020 deaths
Israeli writers
Israeli translators
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel
Demographic momentum

Demographic momentum is a common characteristic of growing populations. It states that even after a decline in fertility rates, or the number of babies being born, population will still increase. This is because of a young age distribution, which means that there are a lot of young people who are able to reproduce.
Other websites
Demography
Zara Rutherford

Zara Rutherford (born 5 July 2002) is a Belgian-British pilot. She is the youngest female pilot to fly solo around the world. Her five month journey began in Kortrijk, Belgium, on 18 August 2021. It ended on 20 January 2022.
References
2002 births
Living people
British aviators
People from Brussels
Kafir

A kafir, pronounced as, "kaafir", is someone who does not believe in God according to Islam. It is the most common description used in the Qur'an for non-believers or non-Muslims. They are also mentioned especially in the Quran in the Sura (chapter) Kafirun. Jews and Christians were required to pay the jizya while others, depending on the different rulings of the four Madhhabs, might be required to accept Islam, pay the jizya, be exiled, or be killed.
References
Islamic terminology
Pejoratives
Slurs
Chiang Mai

Chiang Mai is the biggest city in northern Thailand and the second biggest city in Thailand. The city's name is Thai for "new city" because it replaced Chiang Rai, meaning "old city", as the capital of the Lan Na Kingdom. It is the capital of Chiang Mai Province, the second-biggest province of Thailand. Neighboring provinces are (from northeast to northwest) Chiang Rai, Lampang, Lamphun, Tak, and Mae Hong Son. In the north it is next to Shan State of Myanmar.
Cities in Thailand
Saint-Quentin-de-Baron

Saint-Quentin-de-Baron is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Communes in Gironde
Kriegsheim

Kriegsheim is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Communes in Bas-Rhin
Drunk driving

Drunk driving (Drink driving in the UK and Australia) is the act of driving a motor vehicle (car, truck, etc.) while under the effects of alcohol. Drunk driving is illegal in most areas of the world. In some places, driving a motorless vehicle such as a bicycle while drunk is also illegal.
Most areas that make laws (jurisdictions) started with DWI (driving while intoxicated) laws, banning just alcohol. Later, most changed them to DUI (driving under the influence) laws, adding other drugs to those banned while driving. The most common blood alcohol content (BAC) limit in the United States is 0.08% for the legal meaning of drunk. Only three states still use the more lax, original standard of 0.10%. Many jurisdictions add extra penalties (more jail time and/or a longer DUI program) in cases where the driver's BAC is over 0.20%.
United States laws
The first place in the United States to adopt laws against drunk driving was the state of New York in 1910, with California (1911) and others doing the same later. Early laws simply banned driving while drunk, with no mention of what BAC was banned (which means how drunk the person is). The state of Georgia was one of the last states to make laws against drunk driving. One of the years with the most alcohol related crashes was 1982. The year 1982 had 26,173 alcohol related deaths due to drunk driving.
In the US, most of the laws were greatly tightened in the early 1980s, largely due to pressure from groups like Mothers Against Drunk Drivers (MADD) and Young Adults Educating Responsible Drinking.
Types of crime
Carluke

The town of Carluke is in the centre of the Scottish countryside in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, 5.4 miles North-West of Lanark and 5 miles South-East of Wishaw. Many people in Carluke are commuters, with a variety of small stores and supermarkets available at the centre of the town.
Notable Figures
Three people who were born in the town have received the Victoria Cross. The inventor of Slush Puppies previously stayed on a street in Carluke. The famous ex-Motherwell striker Dougie Arnott lives in Carluke.
References
Towns in South Lanarkshire
The Bachelor's Daughters

The Bachelor's Daughters is a 1946 American comedy movie directed by Andrew L. Stone and starring Gail Russell, Ann Dvorak, Claire Trevor, Adolphe Menjou, Billie Burke, Jane Wyatt, Damian O'Flynn, Eugene List, Russell Hicks. It was distributed by United Artists.
Other websites
1946 comedy movies
American comedy movies
Movies directed by Andrew L. Stone
Romagny-sous-Rougemont

Romagny-sous-Rougemont is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Territoire de Belfort department in northeast France.
References
Communes in Territoire de Belfort
Madison County, Virginia

Madison County is a county in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, 13,837 people lived there. Its county seat is Madison.
References
Virginia counties
Sensational spelling

Sensational spelling is when a word is spelled wrong on purpose. This may be done for creativity, advertising, or humor.
These are many brands with sensational spelling, including Krispy Kreme Doughnuts (which should be spelled "crispy cream"), Froot Loops (fruit loops), Mortal Kombat (mortal combat) and Hasbro's Playskool (playschool). It can also happen with common nouns, such as drive-thru (drive through), blu-ray (blue ray) "lite" items (light).
Some websites on the internet also gain fame from sensational spelling, such as Google, flickr, Tumblr.
Spelling
Suné Luus

Sune Elbie Luus is a cricketer from South Africa. Luus plays for the South Africa women's national cricket team. She was born on January 5, 1996.
References
Other websites
1996 births
Living people
South African cricketers
Sportspeople from Pretoria
Buchal Kalan

Buchal Kalan is a village and Union Council of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. It is part of Kallar Kahar Tehsil.
References
Union Councils of Chakwal District
Preet Chandi

Harpreet Kaur Chandi (born 1988 or 1989) is a British Army medical officer and physiotherapist. She is the first known woman of colour to finish a solo expedition to reach the South Pole. She finished her expedition on 3 January 2022.
Military career
Chandi joined the Army Reserves when she was 19 and then the British Army at 27. On 23 March 2013, she was a lance corporal. She received a Territorial Army commission as a lieutenant in the Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC). She was promoted to captain on 15 December 2016.
She was commissioned into the Army Reserves in 2012 and joined the Regular Army in 2016.
Expedition
Chandi began her solo expedition on 7 November 2021, leaving from Antarctica's Hercules Inlet. The journey to the South Pole involved travelling a distance of . Chandi was not the first woman to successfully complete a solo expedition to the South Pole, with the journey first being undertaken by Norway's Liv Arnesen. It was not until 1935 that the first woman, Caroline Mikkelsen walked on any part of the Antarctic continent.
Chandi completed her journey in 40 days, 7 hours and 3 minutes, making her the third fastest solo woman to reach the South Pole, behind Johanna Davidsson of Sweden and Hannah McKeand from Great Britain. Felicity Aston was the first solo woman and first person to only use muscle power to complete the challenge taking 59 days.
References
Other websites
"Polar Preet" website
1980s births
Living people
British Army officers
British explorers
People from Derby
Entomophagy

Entomophagy is a term of Ancient Greek origins, and means using insects as a source of food. It can be found in insects that eat other insects, birds, amphibians and mammals. Non-human animals that feed on insects are known as insectivores.
The term also describes human insect-eating, which can be found in parts of North, Central and South America, Africa, Asia, the Middle East, Australia and New Zealand. Insect-eating is uncommon, or even taboo in some societies.
References
Insects
Food and drink
Glock 18

The Glock 18 is a selective-fire (which means it can fire either semi-automatic or full automatic mode), polymer-framed 9x19mm Parabellum pistol. It is based on the Glock 17, but unlike the Glock 17, it can fire in full automatic mode. It normally holds 33-round box magazines and it fires 1,200 rounds per minute. In other words, the gun fires so quickly that it is impossible to fire single shots when in full automatic mode. While it is light enough to fire with one hand, it is not a good idea because its fast rate of fire makes the gun kick back a lot.
Pistols
Jumencourt

Jumencourt is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Morissen

Morissen () was a municipality, in the new municipality of Lumnezia and the district Surselva in the canton of Graubunden in Switzerland.
Former municipalities of Graubunden
National Parliament (East Timor)

The National Parliament (, ) is the unicameral national legislature in East Timor. It was created in 2001. National Parliament has 65 members, elected every 5 years through party-list proportional representation voting.
Other websites
Parliament of East Timor
News reports about the East Timor National Parliament
About the Parliament
East Timor
East Timor
Unicameral legislatures
Alice Paul

Alice Stokes Paul (January 11, 1885 - July 9, 1977) was an American suffragist and activist. Along with Lucy Burns and others, she led a successful campaign for women's suffrage. Her work resulted in the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1920. Lucy Burns was part of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) and she had been treated badly as Alice Paul was but she went to save the women rights by suffering. Lucy Burns met Alice Paul in the police station in London when both were arrested because they were protesting Parliament
Paul was the original author of a proposed Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the Constitution in 1923. The ERA would not get to the Senate for a vote until 1972. That year, it was approved by the Senate and submitted to the state legislatures for ratification. Approval by 38 states was required to ratify the amendment. Not enough states -- only 35 -- voted in favor before the deadline. However, people still work to have the states pass the ERA passed by Congress in the 1970s. Other people are working to add a new equality amendment to the US Constitution. Also, almost half of the U.S. states have adopted the ERA into their state constitutions. Alice paul was treated badly but she stood up for the women rights.
References
Adams, Katherine H. and Michael L. Keene. Alice Paul and the American Suffrage Campaign. University of Illinois Press, 2007.
Walton, Mary. A Woman's Crusade: Alice Paul and the Battle for the Ballot. Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.
Other websites
(Westfield Friends Burial Ground, Cinnaminson, New Jersey)
The Alice Paul Institute
Alice Paul at Lakewood Public Library: Women In History
The Sewall-Belmont House & Museum--Home of the historic National Woman's Party
Biographical sketch at the University of Pennsylvania
1885 births
1977 deaths
Quakers
American activists
Nea Salamis Famagusta FC

Nea Salamis Famagusta FC is a football club from Famagusta, Cyprus. It has been a refugee club since the 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus. This is when Turkey liberated the northern part of the island. The club is temporarily based in Larnaca.
Honours
Cyprus Football Association
Cypriot Cup: 1
Cyprus FA Shield: 1
Other websites
Team profile at UEFA.com
Team profile at Cyprus Football Association website
Cypriot football clubs
Riaillé

Riaille is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Communes in Loire-Atlantique