pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Federico Peña

Federico Fabian Pena (born March 15, 1947) was United States Secretary of Transportation from 1993 to 1997 and United States Secretary of Energy from 1997 to 1998, during the presidency of Bill Clinton.
Early life
Born in Laredo, Texas, Pena earned a B.A. (1969) and a J.D. (1972) from the University of Texas at Austin and The University of Texas School of Law. Moving to Colorado, where he became an attorney, Pena was elected to the Colorado House of Representatives as a Democrat in 1979, where he became the Minority Leader. In 1983, Pena became the first Hispanic Mayor of Denver, and he was re-elected in 1987.
Career
Pena advised Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton on transportation issues during Clinton's successful 1992 presidential campaign, and Clinton chose Pena to head the United States Department of Transportation. Although he was going to leave Clinton's cabinet after Clinton's first term, Pena also served as Secretary of Energy for one year, from 1997 to 1998. In 1995 the Justice Department began a preliminary investigation into a California transit agency's awarding of a pension management contract to Pena's former investment management firm. However, Pena had cut all connections to his former company both before the contract and before becoming Transportation Secretary. On March 17, 1995 Janet Reno ended the investigation.
Later career
When Pena left the Clinton administration, he returned to Denver and joined investment firm Vestar Capital Partners in August 1998, as Senior Advisor. On January 18, 2000, Vestar announced that Pena had become one of the firm's Managing Directors.
Personal life
Pena is the father of three children: Nelia, Cristina, and Ryan Pena. The divorce of Federico Pena and his first wife, Ellen Hart Pena, became final on September 10, 2001. Federico Pena married Cindy Velasquez on September 2, 2006. Cindy Velasquez is a former broadcast executive for Channel 7, KMGH-TV, and Channel 9, KUSA-TV, in Denver, Colorado.
On September 7, 2007, Pena announced that he would support Sen. Barack Obama in the 2008 presidential election, and also serve as Obama's National Campaign Co-chair. The move was important in that Pena did not support Sen. Hillary Clinton, the wife of the president under whom he served. On November 5, 2008, he was named to the advisory board of the Obama-Biden Transition Project.
Honors
Pena Boulevard, a freeway in Denver connecting Denver International Airport to Interstate 70, is named for him. As mayor of Denver, Pena led the effort to build the airport.
References
1947 births
Living people
Mayors of Denver
People from Laredo, Texas
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
United States Secretaries of Energy
United States Secretaries of Transportation
Politicians from Texas
20th-century American politicians
La Roche-des-Arnauds

La Roche-des-Arnauds is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
References
Communes in Hautes-Alpes
Margoth Escobar

Margoth Escobar is an Ecuadorian person who works for environmental
and native people's rights.
Escobar is born in a mixed European (Spanish) and Amerindian family. She was born in Puyo, Pastaza.
Works
Escobar was against the taking away of natural things in the Ecuadorian Amazon.
In 1975, Escobar helped people in making the "Provincial Union of Peasant Organizations of Manabi" (Union Provincial de Organizaciones Campesinas de Manabi). It was important in the saving the village lands of many families in Manabi region.
References
Living people
Ecuadorian environmentalists
1954 births
Indigenous rights activists
Lowell, Maine

Lowell is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
God in Christianity

In Christianity, one way people think of God is as a being that made everything and lives forever. The Christian Bible speaks of God as one who is, who speaks, who sees, hears, acts, and loves. Christians believe that God has a will and is a kind, all powerful being.
Some Christians believe God to be immanent (with and inside all things). Others believe he will be immanent later. Most believe he is also transcendent (outside space and time, so he is unable to be changed by forces inside the universe).
Trinitarians see the Christian God as Father, Son and Holy Spirit. They say that God is one being that lives forever, who is inside and beyond nature. All Christian denominations say that God is personal to humans and to himself. Most of the Christians believe that God is a spirit.
Names for God
In the Bible, God has the personal name Yahweh (or YHWH).
God seen by people
God is not seen often by people in the Bible.
God is seen:
By Adam and Eve to give them rules
By Adam and Eve to punish them for breaking the rules
By Moses as a burning bush
By Moses as a pillar of flames
Referencing
Christian theology
Phan Huy Lê

Phan Huy Le (23 February 1934 - 23 June 2018) was a Vietnamese historian. He was born in Loc Ha district. He was professor of history at the Hanoi National University.
Phan was the author of many studies on village society and Vietnamese history in general. He was thought by many as "doyen of Vietnamese historians." He was also director of the Center for Vietnamese and Intercultural Studies at Vietnam National University, Hanoi.
Phan died of heart disease on 23 June 2018 in Hanoi, aged 84.
References
Vietnamese people
Historians
Deaths from heart disease
1934 births
2018 deaths
Stephen Frears

Stephen Arthur Frears (born 20 June 1941) is an English movie and television director. He was born in Leicester, England.
Frears has directed numerous movies since the 1980s including My Beautiful Laundrette, Dangerous Liaisons, High Fidelity, The Queen, Philomena, and Florence Foster Jenkins. He has been nominated for two Academy Awards for Best Director: for The Grifters and The Queen. In 2008 The Daily Telegraph named him among the 100 most influential people in British culture. He is fan of Breaking Bad and Howards' Way.
References
Other websites
1941 births
Living people
English movie directors
English television directors
People from Leicester
John Pesutto

John Pesutto is an Australian politician. He has served as the Leader of the Opposition in the Victorian Legislative Assembly and as the leader of the Victorian Liberal Party since 2022. He served as the member for Hawthorn from 2014 until 2018, before being re-elected in 2022.
References
Leaders of the Opposition (Victoria)
Giravanz Kitakyushu

is a Japanese professional football club in Yahatanishi ward of Kitakyushu on the island of Kyushu.
History
The club was founded in 1973 as a member of the Kyushu League.
1947-2000 Mitsubishi Chemical Kurosaki SC
2001-2009 New Wave Kitakyushu
2010-present Giravanz Kitakyushu
League position
2008 : Football League - 10th
2009 : Football League - 4th
2010 : J2 League - 19th
2011 : J2 League - 8th
2012 : J2 League - 9th
2013 : J2 League - 16th
2014 : J2 League - 5th
2015 : J2 League - 7th
2016 : J2 League - 22nd
2017 : J3 League - 9th
2018 : J3 League - 17th
2019 : J3 League - 1st
2020 : J2 League - 5th
Related pages
Sports in Japan
List of Japanese football teams
List of Giravanz Kitakyushu players
References
Other websites
Giravanz Kitakyushu website
J.League Club Guide
Japanese football clubs
Fukuoka Prefecture
Hot (Mel B album)

Hot is the debut album by English singer-songwriter Melanie Brown, released on 9 October 2000 by Virgin. Hot mainly received negative reviews after its release.
Track listing
Credits adapted from the liner notes of Hot.
References
2000 albums
Debut albums
Pop albums
Hip hop albums
R&B albums
Virgin Records albums
Lairenjam

Lairenjam is a Meetei Manipuri surname or family name which has Indian origin. People of this family mainly inhabit in Manipur, India.
Other websites
http://www.mychildnames.com/mobile/similar-surname.aspx?surname=Lairenjam
http://www.indiachildnames.com/mobile/similarfamilyname.aspx?surname=Lairenjam
References
Meitei surnames
Ann Blyth

Ann Marie Blyth (born August 16, 1928) is an American actress and singer. Her performance as Veda Pierce in the 1945 movie Mildred Pierce, she was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.
Blyth also appeared in Our Very Own (with Farley Granger), The Great Caruso (with Mario Lanza), One Minute to Zero (with Robert Mitchum), The World in His Arms (with Gregory Peck), Rose Marie, The Student Prince, Kismet, The Buster Keaton Story, and The Helen Morgan Story (with Paul Newman).
Other websites
Ann Blyth "Women's International Centre" biography and more recent photograph
Photographs of Ann Blyth
1928 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from New York (state)
Singers from New York (state)
People from Mount Kisco, New York
Walter Eichner

Walter Eichner (6 May 1950 - 13 November 2020) was a German politician. He was a member of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria. Eichner was born in Finning, Bavaria. He was the Chief Administrative Officer of the Landsberg district between 2002 to 2014.
Eichner died on 13 November 2020 in Landsberg am Lech, Bavaria at the age of 70.
References
1950 births
2020 deaths
German politicians
People from Bavaria
Washington County, Arkansas

Washington County is a county in the northwest part of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 245,871, making it the third-most populous county in Arkansas. The county seat is Fayetteville. It is Arkansas's 17th county, founded on October 17, 1828, and named for George Washington, the first President of the United States.
References
1820s establishments in Arkansas Territory
1828 establishments in the United States
Arkansas counties
Pieter Omtzigt

Pieter Herman Omtzigt (born 8 January 1974 in The Hague) is a Dutch independent politician and a former member of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA).
Since June 2003, he has almost continuously been a member of the House of Representatives.
Omtzigt is a driven and very critical MP, well known for his efforts on behalf of the childcare benefits scandal (together with Socialist Party politician Renske Leijten).
In July 2020, he lost the struggle against Hugo de Jonge for party leadership and list puller for the 2021 Dutch general election.
Not satisfied with his experiences in the CDA party he decided to leave the party and has become an independent politician on 12 June 2021. Because he had been on leave due to fatigue since 26 May 2021, this has been in effect after his return on 15 September 2021.
Pieter Omtzigt is a PhD economist, who studied at the University of Exeter. He is a Roman Catholic and married to Ayfer Koc, the CDA group leader in the municipal council of Enschede, who belongs to the Syriac Orthodox Church and fled from Turkey. The couple has four daughters and live in Enschede.
References
Parlement.com
1974 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Exeter
Christian Democratic Appeal politicians
Dutch economists
Dutch Roman Catholics
Independent politicians in the Netherlands
Leaders of political parties in the Netherlands
Members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
People from Enschede
Politicians from Overijssel
Politicians from The Hague
Writers from The Hague
Writers from Overijssel
Paul Craft

Paul Craft (August 12, 1938 - October 18, 2014) was an American singer-songwriter. He was known as the songwriter for Mark Chesnutt's single "Brother Jukebox" and for "It's Me Again, Margaret".
Craft was born in Memphis, Tennessee. He was raised in Little Rock, Arkansas.
His song "Keep Me From Blowing Away" was originally recorded by The Seldom Scene on their 1973 album Act II and was then recorded by Linda Ronstadt on her 1974 album "Heart Like a Wheel", and has since been recorded by Moe Bandy, T. Graham Brown, Jerry Lee Lewis and Willie Nelson. His song "Midnight Flyer" was recorded by the Eagles. His song "Dropkick Me, Jesus" was a number 17 country hit for Bobby Bare in 1976.
Craft died at a hospital in Nashville, Tennessee on October 18, 2014 at the age of 76.
Related pages
List of country musicians from Tennessee
References
1938 births
2014 deaths
American singer-songwriters
Singers from Memphis, Tennessee
Singers from Arkansas
Writers from Little Rock, Arkansas
John C. Gaunt

John C. Gaunt (1833 - January 13, 1886) was an American soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Gaunt won the Medal of Honor, the highest award for bravery.He won the medal for his actions in the Battle of Franklin in Franklin, Tennessee on November 30, 1864. He was given the award on February 13, 1865.
Gaunt was born in Columbiana County, Ohio.
Medal of Honor citation
Related pages
List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: G-L
References
1833 births
1886 deaths
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
Military people from Ohio
Berriac

Berriac is a commune of 954 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
Communes in Aude
Ann M. Martin

Ann Matthews Martin (born August 12, 1955) is an American children's writer.
Ann Martin grew up in Princeton, New Jersey with her parents and her younger sister, Jane. She graduated from Smith College. After this, Martin became a teacher and then an editor of children's books. Now, she is a full-time writer.
Martin finds the ideas for her books from many different things. Some are based on what she has done herself. Others are based on childhood memories and feelings. All of the characters that Ann uses in her books, including the members of The Baby-Sitters Club, are fictional. However, many of her characters are based on real people. Sometimes Ann names her characters after people she knows, and other times she simply chooses names that she likes.
In 1990, she started the Ann M. Martin Foundation. This gives money to causes which help children, education/literacy programs, homeless people and animals.
Books
The Baby-sitters Club series
Baby-Sitters Little Sister series
The Kids in Ms. Colman's Class series
California Diaries series
P.S. Longer Letter Later with Paula Danziger
Snail Mail No More with Paula Danziger
Leo The Magnificent
Rachel Parker, Kindergarten Showoff
Ten Kids, No Pets
Eleven Kids, One Summer
Ma and Pa Dracula
Yours Turly, Shirley
Just a Summer Romance
Missing Since Monday
With and Without You
Me and Katie (The Pest)
Stage Fright
Inside Out
Just You and Me
Bummer Summer
A Dog's Life: The Autobiography of a Stray
Everything for a Dog
The Doll People series
A Corner of the Universe
Belle Teal
Here Today
Main Street
Needle and Thread
'Tis the Season
Welcome to Camden Falls
On Christmas Eve
Ten Rules for Living with My Sister
References
Other websites
Ann M. Martin page from Scholastic, her publisher
Writers from New Jersey
Living people
1955 births
20th-century American novelists
21st-century American novelists
American cartoonists
American children's writers
People from Princeton, New Jersey
Gall

A gall is a growth on the surface of plants and other lifeforms. They are caused by various parasites, such as fungi, bacteria, insects and mites.
Plant galls are abnormal growths of plant tissues similar to benign tumors or warts in animals.
What causes a plant gall can often be known without the actual agent being there. Many types of gall have typical structures. This is true of many galls produced by insects and mites.
Insect galls on plants give some herbivorous insects their own microhabitat. They are plant tissue which is controlled by the insect. Galls are the habitat and food source for the maker of the gall. The gall may contain nutritious starch and other tissues. Galls often give the insect physical protection from predators.
Insect galls are usually induced by chemicals injected by the larvae or the adults of the insects into the plants. After the galls are formed, the larvae develop inside until fully grown, when they leave. In order to form galls, the insects must seize the time when plant cell division occurs quickly. The growing season, spring in temperate climates, is longer in the tropics.
Human use
Galls can be used by humans, and have been since ancient times. One use is to collect the pigment which many galls make. The galls are rich in resins and tannins, from which dyes and inks can be made. Galls can be used to make a mordant for dyeing: mordants make the dye on the cloth permanent. Also, permanent black ink can be made from galls, and that has been done for a long time.
The larvae inside the galls may be used as food or as fishing bait, and some galls have medicinal uses.
References
Gallery
Plant tissues
Parasitism
Joker Stairs

The Joker Stairs are a set of steep stairs connecting Shakespeare and Anderson Avenues at West 167th Street in the Highbridge section of the Bronx, New York City. It became known as one of the filming locations in the 2019 psychological thriller, Joker. It was used when Arthur was dancing down these stairs while "Rock and Roll Part 2" played during the movie's climax.
The stairs appear in a promotional poster for the movie and have become a tourist destination. Both the stairs and Arthur's dance have become Internet memes. Many visitors reenact the scene from the movie, sometimes in Joker costume, to the point that the stairs have become crowded with sightseers.
Many news articles say that the Joker Stairs have became a popular movie scene such as "the ranks of well-known movie settings, like that of the steps at the Philadelphia Museum of Art" seen in the 1976 American sports drama Rocky.
References
Internet memes
Kallakkurichi taluk

Kallakkurichi taluk is a taluk of Viluppuram district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Kallakurichi.
Demographics
According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Kallakkurichi had a population of 465,236 with 234,796 males and 230,440 females. There were 981 women for every 1000 men. The taluk had a literacy rate of 63.49. Child population in the age group below 6 was 26,388 Males and 23,890 Females.
References
Viluppuram district
Lakmé

Lakme is a French opera in three acts by Leo Delibes, first performed at the Opera-Comique in Paris, on April 14, 1883, libretto by Edmond Gondinet and Philippe Gille, after Pierre Loti Rarahu's Le mariage de Loti. An immediate success, it has remained one of the most popular of French operas.
Principal roles and voice types
Lakme - soprano
Gerald - tenor
Mallika - mezzo-soprano
Nilakantha - bass
Discography
1940: Lily Pons (Lakme), Armand Tokatyan (Gerald), Ira Petina (Mallika), Ezio Pinza (Nilakantha); New York Metropolitan Opera Chorus and Orchestra, Wilfrid Pelletier - (The Golden Age; live)
1952: Mado Robin (Lakme), Libero de Luca (Gerald), Agnes Disney (Mallika), Jean Borthayre (Nilakantha); Choeurs et Orchestre du Theatre National de l'Opera-Comique, Georges Sebastian - (Decca)
1967: Joan Sutherland (Lakme), Alain Vanzo (Gerald), Jane Berbie (Mallika), Gabriel Bacquier (Nilakantha); Choeurs et Orchestre National de l'Opera de Monte Carlo, Richard Bonynge - (Decca)
1970: Mady Mesple (Lakme), Charles Burles (Gerald), Danielle Millet (Mallika), Roger Soyer (Nilakantha); Choeurs et Orchestre du Theatre National de l'Opera-Comique, Alain Lombard - (EMI
1998: Natalie Dessay (Lakme), Gregory Kunde (Gerald), Delphine Haidan (Mallika), Jose van Dam (Nilakantha); Choeur et Orchestre du Capitole de Toulouse, Michel Plasson - (EMI Classics)
Sources
The Complete Dictionary of Opera & Operetta, James Anderson, Vikings Books, 1989
Other websites
1880s operas
Tyson Kidd

Theodore James (TJ) Wilson (born July 11, 1980) is a Canadian retired professional wrestler that currently works for the WWE as a producer, after retiring from in-ring competition in 2017.
He is from Calgary, Alberta and was the final graduate of the famed Hart Dungeon. He competed in his first match with Stampede Wrestling in Calgary at the age of fifteen in 1995. In the WWE, he was a former member of the wrestling stable, The Hart Dynasty along with David Hart Smith and Natalya.
He married Natalya in June 2013.
On June 7, 2015, it was announced that Kidd suffered a severe neck and spinal injury in a dark match with Samoa Joe on Raw. Kidd announced that he would be out for over a year. Kidd tweeted that 5% of people are able to survive his injury and that he had 16 staples, 4 screws and a rod inserted in his neck. Dave Meltzer of the Wrestling Observer Newsletter said "It is unbelievable that Tyson Kidd came through as well as he did", and said that most people who survive the injury end up being a quadriplegic.
References
Other websites
1980 births
Canadian professional wrestlers
Living people
Sportspeople from Calgary
WWE wrestlers
Party for Freedom

The Party for Freedom, Dutch: Partij voor de Vrijheid (shortened PVV), is a right-wing political party in the Netherlands.
Party leader, founder and only member is Geert Wilders.
The party was founded on 22 February 2006. In the 2006 Dutch general election, PVV won 6 seats in the House of Representatives with 579,490 votes. In the 2010 elections, PVV won 24 seats with 1,435,349 votes. In the 2012 elections, PVV won 15 seats with 950,263 votes. In the 2017 elections, the PVV won 20 seats (+5) with 1,372,941 votes. In the 2021 elections they have won 17 seats (-3).
PVV is Eurosceptic, meaning they are against the European Union. They are also openly very critical of Islam. Economically, the party supports economic liberalism and wants to lower taxes. It is also a populist party.
The PVV gained a great amount of popularity in 2017, coming second in the election.
References
Other websites
Website of the Party for Freedom
Expatica - 'Turkey in the EU? Never!
Expatica - Moroccans want Wilders prosecuted
Islamophobia
Nationalist organizations in Europe
Eurosceptic parties
Political parties in the Netherlands
2006 establishments in the Netherlands
Le Plessier-Huleu

Le Plessier-Huleu is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Westford, Massachusetts

Westford is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States.
Towns in Massachusetts
Saint-Pierreville

Saint-Pierreville is a commune in the Ardeche departement in southern France.
Communes in Ardeche
Lilian Ossendrijver

Lillian Ossendrijver is a Dutch water polo player. She competed for the Dutch women's national water polo team in the 1985 European Waterpolo Championships, 1987 European Waterpolo Championships, and 1991 World Aquatics Championships.
References
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Dutch water polo players
Katee Sackhoff

Kathryn Ann "Katee" Sackhoff (born April 8, 1980) is an American actress. She is best known for playing Lieutenant Kara "Starbuck" Thrace on Syfy's Battlestar Galactica (2004-2009). Sackhoff has also played Niko Breckenridge on the Netflix series Another Life (2019-2021), Victoria "Vic" Moretti on the Netflix series Longmire and the voice of Bitch Pudding in Robot Chicken (2005-present). She played the character Bo-Katan Kryze on the Disney+ series The Mandalorian as well as being the voice for the character in Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2012-2020) and Star Wars Rebels (2017).
Other websites
1980 births
Living people
actors from Portland, Oregon
American television actors
American movie actors
American voice actors
2019 Formula One World Championship

The 2019 Formula One World Championship is the 70th season of the Formula One World Championship. The motor racing championship is the highest class of competition for open-wheel racing cars.
The 2019 season started with the Australian Grand Prix on March 17 2019, and ended with Abu Dhabi Grand Prix on December 1 2019.
Grands Prix winners
Non-championship race
References
Notes
2019 in sports
Formula One seasons
St. Bonifacius, Minnesota

St. Bonifacius is a city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States.
Cities in Minnesota
Kaolack Region

Kaolack is a region in the west of Senegal. The regional capital is Kaolack. It borders Gambia.
As of the 2013 census, 918,355 people lived there. It has an area of .
Departements
There are three departements:
Guinguineo Departement
Kaolack Departement
Nioro du Rip Departement
Regions of Senegal
Sweet Rosie O'Grady

Sweet Rosie O'Grady is a 1943 American musical movie directed by Irving Cummings and starring Betty Grable, Robert Young, Adolphe Menjou, Reginald Gardiner, Virginia Grey, Phil Regan, Sig Ruman, Alan Dinehart. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Other websites
1943 musical movies
American musical movies
Movies directed by Irving Cummings
20th Century Fox movies
Water (molecule)

Water (H2O, HOH) covers 70-75% of the Earth's surface in its liquid and solid (ice) states, and is present in the atmosphere as a vapor. It is the most abundant molecule on the Earth's surface.
At room temperature, it is a nearly colorless, flavorless, and odorless liquid. Many substances dissolve in water and it is commonly seen as the universal solvent; because of this, water in nature and in use is rarely clean, and may have some properties different than those in the laboratory. But there are many compounds that are essentially, if not completely, insoluble in water. Water is the only common, pure substance found naturally in all three states of matter--for other substances, see Chemical properties.
Pure water is tasteless. It is the other chemicals in the water which may give water a flavour.
Anomalous properties of water
Generally, the volume of a liquid increases when heated, however the volume of water decreases when heated within the temperature range of 0degC to 4degC. Its volume increases only when heated above 4degC. Such behavior is one of a number of water's anomalous properties.
This property of volume decrease allows fish and other aquatic animals to survive in a body of water when ice has frozen on the surface. In cold climates, when the temperature of a body of water reaches at 4degC, the layers of water near the top in contact with cold air continue to lose heat energy and their temperature falls below 4degC. On cooling below 4degC, these layers rise rather than sink, as water has maximum density at 4degC. Thus the layer of water with a temperature of 4degC remains at the bottom, while layers of water 3degC, 2degC, 1degC and 0degC are formed above. Because ice is poor conductor of heat, it does not allow heat energy transfer from the liquid water beneath the layers of ice, which prevents the liquid water from freezing. Hence, aquatic creatures survive in such places.
References
Other websites
Water Structure and Behaviour A comprehensive and up-to-date NPOV resource maintained by Prof Martin Chaplin of South Bank University, UK
A spoof site on the "dangers" of dihydrogen monoxide
Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI)
Explanation of the anomalous properties of water
Computational Chemistry Wiki
National Collegiate Athletic Association

The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) is a college sports organization in the United States. It was established on March 31, 1906. The NCAA has three levels of sports: Division I, Division II, and Division III. Division I schools usually are the biggest college sports powers, with larger budgets, better sports facilities, and higher numbers of sports scholarships compared to Division II and III schools. Its headquarters are in Indianapolis, Indiana. The NCAA was started in 1906.
Related pages
NCAA Award of Valor
1906 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Indiana
Sergeant First Class

Sergeant First Class is a military rank in some military's and other uniformed organizations around the world. It is typically a senior non-commissioned officer.
United States Army
Sergeant First Class (SFC) is the seventh enlisted rank (E-7) in the U.S. Army. It is above Staff Sergeant and below Master Sergeant and First Sergeant. It is the first senior non-commissioned officer rank.
References
Other websites
U.S. Army Enlisted Rank Insignia - Criteria, Background, and Images
Military ranks
Hodorf

Hodorf is a municipality of the district of Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
Municipalities in Schleswig-Holstein
Steinburg (district)
Connemara

Connemara () is a district in the west of the Republic of Ireland. The Owenglin River flows into the sea at An Clochan/Clifden. At first, Connemara was divided into North and South Connemara. The mountains of the Twelve Bens and the Owenglin River were the natural boundaries between the two parts.
Actor Peter O'Toole was born here in 1932.
County Galway
Districts
Ishman Bracey

Ishmon Bracey (January 9, 1899 or 1901 - February 12, 1970), was a blues singer and guitarist from Mississippi.
Life
Early Life
Bracey was born in Byram, Mississippi. He started playing at local dances and parties in about 1917. He also worked as a waterboy on the Illinois Central Railroad. His first recorded song was in Memphis in 1928. He played as lead guitar with Charlie McCoy on rhythm guitar.
Songs performed
In the 1920s, Bracey had not yet started playing delta blues and each of his songs were different. However, he was one of the only Mississippi blues musicians to sing with a nasal voice. He often sang about skin creams and powders which would lighten dark skin.
Later life
When he recorded in 1930, his voice had become deeper. This meant that he could not sing high enough for some of his songs and the songs had to be changed. He recorded after in 1931 for Paramount Records with a group called The New Orleans Nehi Boys, which had a guitarist called Charles Taylor.
Songs
Bracey has recorded 16 songs in all, the original copies of his 78-rpm records are some of the most valuable things in blues collecting history. "Trouble Hearted Blues" and "Left Alone Blues" are his best known songs.
References
Blues musicians
Singers from Mississippi
American guitarists
Musicians from Mississippi
1901 births
1970 deaths
Beat Richner

Beat Richner (13 March 1947 - 9 September 2018) was a Swiss pediatrician and cellist. He was born in Zurich. He was the founder of children's hospitals in Cambodia. He created the Kantha Bopha Foundation in Zurich in 1992 and became its head. He and another expatriate oversee and run the predominantly Cambodian-manned hospitals.
As both a cellist and a medical doctor, Richner was known by patients, audiences, and donors as "Beatocello".
Richner died in a hospice near Zurich on 9 September 2018 at the age of 71.
References
1947 births
2018 deaths
Swiss physicians
Swiss musicians
Cellists
Scientists from Zurich
Gus Van Sant

Gus Green Van Sant Jr. (born July 24, 1952) is an American director, producer, screenwriter, painter, photographer, musician and author. His movies are known for having a pro-LGBT stance and messages. His movies include: Drugstore Cowboy, Good Will Hunting, My Own Private Idaho, Milk, Elephant, Psycho and Finding Forrester.
References
Other websites
1952 births
Living people
Gay men
LGBT artists
LGBT directors
LGBT producers
LGBT screenwriters
LGBT musicians
American movie producers
American movie directors
American screenwriters
American painters
American photographers
Writers from Louisville, Kentucky
Musicians from Kentucky
Writers from Connecticut
Musicians from Connecticut
Writers from Portland, Oregon
Musicians from Portland, Oregon
Silent Running

Silent Runnning is a 1972 American science fiction movie directed by Douglas Trumbull and starring Bruce Dern, Cliff Potts, Ron Rifkin, Jesse Vint. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.
The style of the film is apocalyptic. This is a subgenre of science fiction, science fantasy, dystopian or horror film where the Earth's technological civilization is collapsing or has collapsed.
Other websites
1972 science fiction movies
American science fiction movies
Post-apocalyptic movies
Dystopian movies
Human Rights Campaign

The Human Rights Campaign is an organization that supports the rights of gay, bi-sexual or transgender men and women in the United States. They are the largest such group in the United States, with over 750,000 members and people who support them. The HRC works to ensure that the rights of these individuals are protected and respected throughout the United States. One issue that the HRC works on is to make sure that individuals have the right to marry people of the same sex if they want.
Related pages
Human rights
LGBT
Declaration of Montreal
Yogyakarta Principles
References
Other websites
Human Rights Campaign -- HRC's website
LGBT rights
Human rights organizations in the United States
1980 establishments in the United States
Organizations in Washington, D.C.
Von Ryan's Express

Von Ryan's Express is a 1965 American World War II adventure movie directed by Mark Robson and based on the novel of the same name by David Westheimer. It stars Frank Sinatra, Trevor Howard, Raffaella Carra, Brad Dexter, Sergio Fantoni, John Leyton, James Brolin, Edward Mulhare, Wolfgang Preiss, Vito Scotti and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1966.
Other websites
1965 war movies
1965 adventure movies
American adventure movies
Belgian movies
Belgian adventure movies
World War II movies
Movies directed by Mark Robson
Movies based on books
Bolton, Mississippi

Bolton is a town in Hinds County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 567 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Jackson Metropolitan Statistical Area.
References
Towns in Hinds County, Mississippi
List of Arminia Bielefeld managers

This is a list of Arminia Bielefeld managers. Although the club was formed in 1905, it was not until 1922 when Frantisek Zoubek became the first manager of the club. The club had 48 managers in their history. The current manager is Frank Kramer, who was hired on 2 March 2021.
Managers
Sources
managers
Lacaille 9352

Lacaille 9352 is a red dwarf star in the southern constellation of Piscis Austrinus. Having an apparent visual magnitude of 7.34, this star is too faint to be viewed with the naked eye except people with excellent seeing conditions. Parallax measurements shows that the star's distance is about 10.74 light-years from Earth. It is the 11th closest star system to the Solar System and is the closest star to Sun in the constellation Piscis Austrinus. The ChView simulation shows that its closest neighbour is the EZ Aquarii which is a triple star system at about 4.1 ly away from the star.
Stars
Étrun

Etrun is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Plastic surgery

Plastic surgery is a surgery that is done to change the way a person's body looks or works. Some plastic surgeries can change both. Work can be done on someone's bones, cartilage, muscles, fat, and skin.
The two most common forms of plastic surgery are reconstruction (fixing body parts that have been damaged) and cosmetic (changing size shape or color of body parts to make them look better). An example of reconstructive plastic surgery is fixing a part of the body that has been burned. An example of cosmetic plastic surgery is a surgery called a "face-lift": pulling the skin of the face tight so that the client looks younger.
References
Surgery
Shine On You Crazy Diamond

Shine On You Crazy Diamond is a nine part composition by Pink Floyd. It bookends their 1975 studio album Wish You Were Here.
Background
Shine On is a tribute song to Pink Floyd's former member, Syd Barrett. Barrett was removed from the band for his drug use and mental problems, which interfered with his ability to perform and develop as a musician. He was replaced by David Gilmour, who was a friend of Barrett's.
Barrett incident
One day during recording, Barrett decided to stop by Abbey Road Studios to see the band. At first, the band could not recognize him. He was now heavyset, and had shaved his hair and eyebrows. Once the band had realized Barrett's identity, Roger Waters was so distressed he burst into tears. Somebody asked to play the song again for Barrett, but he had said another play was unnecessary. Barrett said the song sounded "a bit old".
Composition
Parts I-V
Part I (Wright, Waters, Gilmour; from 0:00 to 3:54) There are no lyrics in Part I. The section begins with a fade in of chords created with synthesizers and wine glasses. Wright plays a synthesizer passage, which leads into a long guitar solo by Gilmour. The wineglass-synth chords fade into the background.
Part II (Wright, Waters, Gilmour; from 3:54 to 6:27) Part II opens with a four-note theme, called Syd's theme by fans. This repeats for much of the part. Mason and Waters begin playing after the fourth play of the theme.
Part III (Wright, Waters, Gilmour; from 6:27 to 8:42) Part III opens with a synthesizer solo from Wright. This part includes another guitar solo by Gilmour.
Part IV (Wright, Waters, Gilmour; from 8:42 to 11:10) Part IV has vocals. Waters and Gilmour sing the vocals, with backup singers Venette Fields and Carlena Williams.
Part V (Wright, Waters, Gilmour; from 11:10 to 13:32) Two guitars play an arpeggio version of the theme for a minute. Dick Parry begins playing saxophone until the part ends. The music fades into synthesizer sounds, resembling an elevator. The song fades to "Welcome to the Machine".
Parts VI-IX
Part VI (Wright, Waters, Gilmour; from 0:00 to 4:39) Howling wind fades in from "Wish You Were Here". As the wind fades away, Gilmour comes in with bass guitar. Waters adds to Gilmour's bass with his own creating a riff pattern. Gilmour and Wright harmonize with lap-steel guitar and synth at the two minute mark. The song's time signature changes to reintroduce the vocals.
Part VII (Wright, Waters, Gilmour; from 4:39 to 5:49) The vocals are introduced again. Same personnel as Part IV.
Part VIII (Wright, Waters, Gilmour; from 5:49 to 9:17) A high-noted riff plays to bridge the parts. The song switches to a funk progression. The section fades into Wright's synthesizer solo.
Part IX (Wright; from 9:17 to 12:28) A lengthy synthesizer solo. The solo plays throughout the part, and during the fade-out, a keyboard part of "See Emily Play" can be heard, one of Barrett's signature Floyd tracks.
1975 songs
Pink Floyd songs
Jam Saqi

Jam Saqi (Sindhi: dym sqy) (October 31, 1944 - March 5, 2018) was an Pakistani left-wing politician. He was general secretary of the Communist Party of Pakistan. Saqi was in jail for more than 15 years because of his political activities.
Saqi died in Hyderabad of kidney failure on March 5, 2018, at the age of 73.
References
1944 births
2018 deaths
Politicians from Sindh
Communists
Emmanuel Adebayor

Emmanuel Adebayor (born 26 February 1984) is a Togolese football player. He currently plays for English Premier League club Crystal Palace and Togo national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="2"|Metz||Division 1||10||2
|-
|2002/03||Ligue 2||34||13
|-
|2003/04||rowspan="3"|Monaco||rowspan="3"|Ligue 1||31||8
|-
|2004/05||34||9
|-
|2005/06||13||1
|-
|2005/06||rowspan="4"|Arsenal||rowspan="4"|Premier League||13||4
|-
|2006/07||29||8
|-
|2007/08||36||24
|-
|2008/09||26||10
|-
|2009/10||Manchester City||Premier League||||
122||33
104||46
226||79
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2000||5||0
|-
|2001||1||0
|-
|2002||3||1
|-
|2003||4||2
|-
|2004||5||4
|-
|2005||6||6
|-
|2006||8||0
|-
|2007||5||4
|-
|2008||6||5
|-
|2009||6||1
|-
|2010||1||0
|-
|2011||1||0
|-
|2012||3||3
|-
|2013||4||1
|-
|2014||6||2
|-
|2015||1||1
|-
|2016||8||0
|-
!Total||72||30
|}
References
1984 births
Living people
Sport in Togo
African footballers
Arsenal F.C. players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Manchester City F.C. players
Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players
Togolese people
Principal Skinner

Principal W. Seymour Skinner (born Armin Tamzarian) is a fictional character on the long running TV show The Simpsons. His voice is performed by Harry Shearer. He is the principal of Springfield Elemantary School.
History
Name
He has after behavioral psychologist B. F. Skinner.
Role in The Simpsons
Skinner was a sergeant in the United States Army during the Vietnam War and now he is the principal of Springfield Elementary School. He has developed a love-hate relationship with Bart Simpson.
References
Other websites
The Simpsons characters
Animated human characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1989
Memphis

Memphis most commonly refers to:
Memphis, Egypt, a former capital of ancient Egypt
Memphis, Tennessee, a major American city
Memphis may also refer to:
Places
United States
Memphis, Alabama
Memphis, Florida
Memphis, Indiana
Memphis, Michigan
Memphis, Mississippi
Memphis, Missouri
Memphis, Nebraska
Memphis, New York
Memphis, Ohio
Memphis metropolitan area, centered on Memphis, Tennessee
Memphis, Texas
Elsewhere
Mampsis, Mamshit or Memphis, a Nabatean city
Movie
Memphis (movie), a 2013 film directed by Ricky Memphis
Music
Memphis (band), a musical duo
Memphis Industries, a record label
Memphis (musical), a Broadway musical by David Bryan and Joe DiPietro
Albums
Memphis (Boz Scaggs album), 2013
Memphis (Roy Orbison album), 1972
Coin Coin Chapter Four: Memphis, 2019
Songs
"Memphis, Tennessee" (song) or "Memphis", by Chuck Berry, 1959; covered by many performers
"Memphis" (The Badloves song), 1994
"Memphis" (Joe Jackson song), 1983
"Memphis", by David Nail, 2002
"Memphis", by Justin Bieber from Journals, 2013
"Memphis", by White Zombie from Psycho-Head Blowout, 1987
Other uses
Memphis (mythology), the wife of Epaphus, who was, according to legend, the founder of Memphis, Egypt
Memphis (genus), a genus of brush-footed butterflies
Memphis (cigarette), a cigarette brand of Austria Tabak
Memphis (typeface), a slab-serif typeface designed in 1929 by Dr. Rudolf Wolf
Memphis Group, an influential design movement of Italian designers and architects in the 1980s
USS Memphis (CA-10), a US Navy armored cruiser wrecked by a tsunami in 1916
USS Memphis (SSN-691), a nuclear attack submarine of the United States Navy
Windows 98, codenamed Memphis during development
City of Memphis (train), a passenger train route
People with the name
Memphis Bleek, New York rapper
Memphis Depay, Dutch footballer
Randall 'Memphis' Raines, a character in Gone in 60 Seconds
Ricky Memphis, Italian actor
Related pages
West Memphis, Arkansas, part of the Memphis, Tennessee, metropolitan area
Memphis Grizzlies, American professional basketball team based in Memphis, Tennessee
Kat Dennings

Kat Dennings (born Katherine Litwack; June 13, 1986) is an American actress. She began her career with a role in an episode of the HBO dramedy series Sex and the City. Dennings has since appeared in the movies The 40-Year-Old Virgin, Big Momma's House 2, Charlie Bartlett, Raise Your Voice, The House Bunny, Defendor, Nick and Norah's Infinite Playlist, and Thor. She also co-stars in the CBS television series 2 Broke Girls. She has also guest starred in The Newsroom.
Dennings was born on June 13, 1986 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She was homeschooled; her only enrollment at a traditional school was for a half-day at Friends' Central School. In December 2011, Dennings began dating 2 Broke Girls recurring actor Nick Zano.
References
Other websites
1986 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Philadelphia
Sherani District

Sherani District () is a district of Balochistan, Pakistan.
Districts of Balochistan (Pakistan)
DualShock

The DualShock is a video game controller made by Sony for the PlayStation line of game consoles. It was first released in Japan in 1997, and was later released in North America in 1998. It is a vibration-feedback controller, meaning that it shakes in appropriate situations during a game. The name comes from the fact that it has two vibration motors. The motors are in the handles of the controller.
References
PlayStation
Video game controllers
Chicago Hope

Chicago Hope is a CBS Medical drama series created by David E. Kelley that ran from September 18, 1994, to May 4, 2000. It took place in a fictional private charity hospital in Chicago.
Other websites
1994 American television series debuts
2000 American television series endings
1990s American drama television series
1990s medical television series
2000s American drama television series
2000s medical television series
American medical television series
CBS network shows
Television series set in Chicago
English-language television programs
Hartsdale, New York

Hartsdale is located in the town of Greenburgh, Westchester County, New York, United States. The population was 5,293 at the 2010 census. It is a suburb of New York City.
References
Towns in New York (state)
Long March

The Long March is the retreat of Mao Zedong and the Communists in 1934-35. The communists went to their stronghold away from Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalists. Here they were able to join together and start fighting again to beat the Nationalists. They trekked 6,000 miles over 370 days, and only 8,000 survived out of 100,000 people. However, because they had survived such a difficult trial together the survivors were very dedicated and created a more cohesive group. Mao Zedong rose up as a leader during this time.
The long march was over 12400 km, in one year. About 300,000 people started, and fewer than 10% finished. They climbed some mountains more than 4000 meters high,
Background
Before the Long March, China had two sides: the nationalists and the communists. Both sides wanted to rule the country. This brought the Chinese Civil War. Chinese nationalists used 500,000 soldiers to remove the communists from Jiang Xi. They failed four times before. Now the nationalists changed the way to attack the communists, using encirclement (make a circle around the enemy army) to stop them from running away. The Communists leader Borgu tried to fight 500,000 soldiers face to face. But the problem is that the Jianxi communists just had 86,000 soldiers and more than half of them just had a broadsword and no guns. They failed to push the nationalist army back, so they tried to go to meet another communist army in Shaanxi.
How it changed China's history
The Long March was an important event in Chinese history. It made the China communists army survival and change the way they fight the capitalism. The communists also choose Mao Zedong to became the leader of the communists and all the red armies in china (china communists army), They should listen Mao Zedong to fight. It was a point for the communists decide fight and live in the countryside and use guerrilla to fight with the nationalists.
The Long March also made the nationalists follow the communists and kill some local warlord leaders so they controlled more parts of China. They followed the communists all the way to ShaanXi and killed a lot of red army soldiers so that after World War II, the communists had very few soldiers. They took four years to get more soldiers so they could win the civil war.
Different opinions about the march's result
The communists' believed they won by making a lot of soldiers survive and successfully meet the Communists party in Shaanxi. They also said it is so successful to run away from 100,000 soldiers encirclement and about 200,000 soldiers hunt between the long march.
The Nationalists' thought they were successful because the communists were running away from the battle and were forced to move to the other side of China. They killed at least half of the Red Army soldiers in China.
The reason they have different opinions is because their goals were very different: the Communists just wanted to survive the Nationalist army's attack. The Nationalists' goal was to destroy the Red Army in Jian Xi, making the communists weaker than before. It took the communists four years to rebuild their army and win the civil war.
References
1934
1935
1930s in China
Assainvillers

Assainvillers is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
In 2006 the population was 165.
Communes in Somme
Gonzalo Morales Sáurez

Gonzalo Morales Saurez (9 July 1945 - 22 December 2017) was a Costa Rican painter. He studied in The San Fernando Academy in Madrid, Spain from 1970 to 1974. He was best known for his hyper-realistic works. He exhibited his art in many museums and art galleries in Europe and the Americas. He was born in San Jose, Costa Rica.
In Costa Rica, examples of his work are in several public institutions and museums such as the Costa Rican Parliament (Asamblea Legislativa), the National Museum (Museo Nacional), the Museum of Costa Rican Art (Museo de Arte Costarricense), the Central Bank (Banco Central de Costa Rica), among others.
Morales Saurez died on 22 December 2017 of a heart attack at his home in San Jose, Costa Rica at the age of 72.
References
Other websites
Museos Bancos Central de Costa Rica exhibit description
Official Website
1945 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Costa Rican people
Painters from South America