pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Fence (wall)

A fence is something built like a low wall, often made of metal or wood, to keep something in or to keep something out. It differs from a wall, which has a foundation. Fences are usually supported by fenceposts. Fences can be large or small. Many are used in gardens but some are used in different places. A fence differs from a wall in not having a solid foundation along its whole length.
Alternatives to fencing include a ditch (sometimes filled with water, forming a moat).
Related pages
Hedge
References
Architectural elements
Walls
Marolles-les-Braults

Marolles-les-Braults is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2019, the former commune of Disse-sous-Ballon was merged into Marolles-les-Braults.
References
Communes in Sarthe
Kishore Kumar

Kishore Kumar (born Abhas Kumar Ganguly; ; 4 August 1929 - 13 October 1987) was an Indian playback singer and actor. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest, most influential and dynamic singers in the history of Indian music.
He was one of the most popular singers in the Indian subcontinent, notable for his yodeling and ability to sing songs in different voices. He used to sing in different genres but some of his rare compositions, considered classics, were lost in time. According to his brother and legendary actor Ashok Kumar, Kishore Kumar was successful as a singer because his "voice hits the mike, straight, at its most sensitive point".
Besides Hindi, he sang in many other Indian languages, including Bengali, Marathi, Assamese, Gujarati, Kannada, Bhojpuri, Malayalam, Odia and Urdu. He also released a few non-film albums in multiple languages, especially in Bengali, which are noted as all-time classics.
He won 8 Filmfare Awards for Best Male Playback Singer and holds the record for winning the most Filmfare Awards in that category. He was awarded the Lata Mangeshkar Award by the Madhya Pradesh government in 1985.
In 1997, the Madhya Pradesh Government initiated an award called the "Kishore Kumar Award" for contributions to Hindi cinema. In 2012, his unreleased last song sold for 15.6 lakh at the Osian's Cinefan Auction in New Delhi.
References
Indian singers
1929 births
Miossens-Lanusse

Miossens-Lanusse is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Miossens-Lanusse
Elvira Nabiullina

Elvira Sakhipzadovna Nabiullina (; ; ; born 29 October 1963) is a Russian economist. She has been the head of the Central Bank of Russia since 2013. She was Russian President Vladimir Putin's economic adviser between May 2012 to June 2013. She also was the minister of economic development and trade from September 2007 to May 2012.
References
1963 births
Living people
Russian economists
Russian politicians
Bankers
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands are an overseas territory of the United Kingdom claimed by Argentina. They are in the southern part of the Atlantic Ocean. The territory was started in 1985, before that it was classed as part of the Falkland Islands. The islands do not have a native population, but in 2006 they had around 20 people on the islands. Most of these people were scientists who are at Bird Island, museum staff at Grytviken and the British Government Officers.
Antarctic region
Legacy of Blood

Legacy of Blood is the fourth studio album by American hip hop group, Jedi Mind Tricks. It was released on August 24, 2004. The producer of the album was Stoupe. The intro for the song features a promo that was cut by professional wrestler, Kane.
Songs
2004 albums
Jedi Mind Tricks albums
Prangins

Prangins is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is next to Lake Geneva.
References
Other websites
Official website
Swiss National Museum
International Fly-in La Cote
Aerodrome de la Cote
Municipalities of Vaud
Gianroberto Casaleggio

Gianroberto Casaleggio (; 14 August 1954 - 12 April 2016) was an Italian entrepreneur and political activist. He was co-founder and chairman of Casaleggio Associati srl and editor of Beppe Grillo's blog. He was also co-founder, with Beppe Grillo, of the Five Star Movement, of which he was sometimes called "guru". Casaleggio promoted the Web in Italy as a medium for political communication.
Casaleggio died on 12 April 2016 at the age of 61, after a long-illness.
References
1954 births
2016 deaths
Italian businesspeople
Biskra Province

Biskra is a province of Algeria. The capital city is Biskra.
Divisions
The province has 12 districts. There are 33 communes or municipalities.
Districts
Biskra
Djemourah
Foughala
El Kantara
El Outaya
M'Chouneche
Ouled Djellal
Ourlal
Sidi Khaled
Sidi Okba
Tolga
Zeribet El Oued
References
Provinces of Algeria
Godoberi language

Godoberi is a Northeast Caucasian language. About 3,000 people speak Godoberi.
References
caucasian languages
Semer

Semer is a village and civil parish in Babergh, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 158 people living in Semer.
References
Civil parishes in Suffolk
Villages in Suffolk
Scansano

Scansano is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the Italian region of Tuscany.
Settlements in Tuscany
El Chavo del Ocho

El Chavo del Ocho is a very popular Mexican sitcom. It was created and written by Roberto Gomez Bolanos. It stars Roberto Gomez Bolanos, Maria Antonieta de las Nieves, Carlos Villagran, Florinda Meza, Ramon Valdes, Ruben Aguirre, Edgar Vivar, Raul Padilla, Horacio Gomez Bolanos, and Angelines Fernandez. It ran from 1971 through 1980 for 8 seasons.
References
Mexican television series
Sitcoms
1971 television series debuts
1971 establishments
1970s establishments in Mexico
1980 television series endings
1980 disestablishments
20th-century disestablishments in Mexico
1980s disestablishments in North America
Suez

Suez (, Egyptian pronunciation Es Suwais) is a town in Northern Egypt, on the coast of the Gulf of Suez. Almost 750.000 people live in the city. The city is the southern terminus of the Suez Canal. It has two harbours, and a large seaport. An oil refinery is in Suez. Highways and railroad tracks connect Suez to the cities of Cairo, Port Said and Ismailia.
Cities in Egypt
Frank Brimsek

Francis Charles "Mister Zero" Brimsek (September 26, 1915 - November 11, 1998) was an American professional ice hockey goaltender who played for the Boston Bruins and Chicago Black Hawks in the National Hockey League.
He remained with the Bruins until 1949, and played a final season with the Chicago Black Hawks. He was added into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1966 (the first American to earn HHOF membership) and was inducted into the United States Hockey Hall of Fame in 1973. In 1998, shortly before his death, he was ranked number 67 on The Hockey News' list of the 100 Greatest Hockey Players.
An annual award given to the top high school goaltender in the state of Minnesota is given in Brimsek's honor.
Awards and Achievements
Calder Memorial Trophy (1939)
NHL First All-Star Team Goalie (1939, 1942)
NHL Second All-Star Team Goalie (1940, 1941, 1943, 1946, 1947, 1948)
Vezina Trophy (1939, 1942)
Other websites
The Frank Brimsek Award
1915 births
1998 deaths
Boston Bruins players
Calder Trophy winners
Chicago Blackhawks players
Eastern Hockey League players
Hockey Hall of Fame inductees
Sportspeople from Minnesota
Stanley Cup champions
Vezina Trophy winners
American ice hockey goaltenders
Emi Yasuo

Emi Yasuo (born 10 June 1993) is a Japanese wheelchair basketball player, living in Oita. She is a member of the Japan women's national wheelchair basketball team and her club Kyushu Dolphin. In 2021 she competed at the 2020 Summer Paralympics.
Life
Yasuo was born with arthrogryposis and as a result of that she has paralysis in her legs. Once while shopping in a supermarket she met wheelchair basketball player Miki Hirai, who invited her to start playing wheelchair basketball, but she didn't do that. After graduating from high school, she came back to basketball.
Due to the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes, houses of her family and relatives were destroyed. She decided to move to Oita from Kumamoto and to continue her sporting careerk. The next year she became the "Most Valuable Player" at the 2017 National Junior Championships. She won the silver medal, with the national team at the 2018 Asian Para Games in Jakarta. She competed at the 2019 Asia Oceania Championship for Women.
In 2019 she was awarded an "Excellence Award" by the Oita Prefecture Para Sports Association.
References
Other websites
2018. Emi Yasuo (JPN) Wheelchair Basketball : Women's Preliminary Round between Japan - Thailand
1993 births
Japanese wheelchair basketball players
Living people
Yi Hae-won

Princess Yi Haewon (24 April 1919 - 8 February 2020) was a descendant of the Joseon dynasty (Empire of Korea). She was the second daughter of Prince Imperial Ui of Korea, the fifth son of Emperor Gojong of Korea.
Yi was the eldest of the surviving daughters of Prince Imperial Ui, and one of several descendants, including her brother King Yi Seok and her nephew, Yi Won, who claimed to be the legitimate heir to the throne of the Korean Imperial Household.
Yi died on 8 February 2020 at the age of 100.
References
1919 births
2020 deaths
Centenarians
People from Seoul
Dwarf tree frog

The dwarf tree frog (Dendropsophus nanus) is a frog that lives in Bolivia, French Guiana, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Brazil.
References
Frogs of South America
Prescott, Oregon

Prescott is a city in Columbia County, Oregon, United States.
Cities in Oregon
Juris Kronbergs

Juris Kronbergs (9 August 1946 - 6 July 2020) was a Latvian-Swedish poet and translator. He was best known for his poetry, written in Latvian. His most known book is Vilks vienacis (Wolf One-Eye, 1996).
He translated mant volumes of poetry and fiction by Imants Ziedonis, Vizma Belsevica, Knuts Skujenieks, Uldis Berzins, Sandra Kalniete, Janis Elsbergs, Edvins Raups, Inguna Jansone and other authors.
Kronbergs died in Stockholm on 6 July 2020, aged 73.
References
Other websites
Three poems
1946 births
2020 deaths
Latvian poets
Swedish translators
Writers from Stockholm
Hinduism in Assam

Hinduism is the first largest religious affiliation in Assam with around 55% of the residents being it's followers as of 2021 census, down from the previous decade of 61.5% in 2011.
History
Hinduism mostly the Ekasarna sect of Vaishnavism is the dominant faith of the region since it's formation from 15th-16th century in Brahmaputra valley, Assam. Assamese people convert to Hinduism (Vaishnava sect) through several centuries ago, as during the time of Mahabharata Lord Krishna himself have visited the land of Assam many times and preach bhakti and Dharma to the locals through devotion. Iskon missionaries are active through various parts of Assam.
Shaktism sect of Hinduism is prominent among the Bengali Hindus living in Assam. Bathouism a sect of Hindu religion is popular among the bodo community in Assam.
Hinduism among various ethnic groups of Assam
This is for 2011 census, as per that year 61.47% of Assam's population were hindu, of which 32.57% speaks assamese language, 19% speaks Bengali language, 5.9% speaks bodo karbi and other tribal languages and 4% speaks Hindi, Nepali and Adibashi language.
References
Assam
Matilda (name)

Matilda (or Mathilda) is a female first name. The name comes from Gothic language. It also comes from the Old High German words maht (meaning "might" and "strength") and hild (meaning "battle). The pronunciation of the name is [ muh-til-duh ].
The name has been popular in Scandinavian countries. Mathilde appeared in the Top 10 most popular names for girls in Denmark in 2008. Mathilde was also very popular in Norway, Sweden and Finland. The name has also risen in popularity in other European countries.
As Matilda, the name was most popular in the United States between 1880 and 1910. During those years, it was in the Top 200 names for girls. It went out of the Top 1,000 names in the United States by 1964. However, it reappeared 44 years later in the Top 1,000 names.
Translations
Machteld (Dutch)
Maddie (English)
Mafalda (Italian), (Portuguese)
Mahaut (French)
Mallt (Welsh)
Matelda (Italian)
Mathilda (English), (Swedish)
Mathilde (Danish), (Dutch), (French), (German), (Norwegian), (Italian)
Matild (Hungarian)
Matilda (English), (Finnish), (Swedish), (Slovak), (Italian), (Croatian)
Matilde (Italian), (Portuguese), (Spanish), (Danish), (Galician)
Matti (English)
Mattie (English)
Matthilde (Mathilde, Mathildi) (Greek)
Matty (English)
Matylda (Czech), (Polish)
Maud (Dutch), (English)
Maude (English), (French)
Maudie (English)
Mechteld (Dutch)
Mechtild (German)
Mechtilde (German)
Tilda (English), (Finnish), (Spanish), (Swedish)
Tilde (Danish)
Tille (Danish)
Tilli (English)
Tillie (English)
Tilly (English)
Tylda (Czech)
People
Matilda Cuomo, former First Lady of New York State
Empress Matilda, daughter of Henry I and claimant to English throne (1102-1167)
References
Given names
Tiếng Gọi Công Dân

"Calling to the Citizens" (; ), also named "March of the Youth" (), was the national anthem of the Republic of Vietnam. It was composed by Luu Huu Phuoc. It was chosen as a national anthem in June 1948.
Nowadays, the song is still sung by Vietnamese people who oppose the communist regime.
Lyrics
The national anthem had went through a total 5 edits with its title and lyrics. "Tieng Goi Cong Dan" was the last title of the anthem. Nowadays, most Vietnamese overseas change the first line of the anthem "Quoc gia den ngay giai phong" to "Dung len dap loi song nui", meaning "Oh Citizens! Stand up [and] answer the call [of the] rivers and mountains".
Tieng Goi Cong Dan - Call of the Citizens (1956-1975)
Vietnamese lyrics
Nay Cong Dan oi! Quoc gia den ngay giai phong.
Dong long cung di hy sinh tiec gi than song.
Vi tuong lai Quoc Dan, cung xong pha khoi ten,
Lam sao cho nui song tu nay luon vung ben.
Du cho thay phoi tren guom giao,
Thu nuoc, lay mau dao dem bao.
Noi giong luc bien phai can giai nguy,
Nguoi Cong Dan luon vung ben tam tri.
Hung trang quyet chien dau lam cho khap noi
Vang tieng nguoi nuoc Nam cho den muon doi!
Cong Dan oi! Mau hien than duoi co!
Cong Dan oi! Mau lam cho coi bo
Thoat con tan pha, ve vang noi giong
Xung danh nghin nam giong giong Lac Hong!
English Translation
Oh citizens! Our country has reached the day of liberation.
Of one heart we go forth, sacrificing ourselves with no regrets.
For the future of the people, advance into battle,
Let us make this land eternally strong.
Should our bodies be left on the battlefields,
The nation will be avenged with our crimson blood
In troublesome times, the Race will be rescued,
We the People remain resolute in our hearts and minds.
Courageously we will fight such that everywhere,
The Glory of the Vietnamese forever resounds!
Oh citizens! Hasten to offer yourselves under the flag!
Oh citizens! Hasten to defend this land,
Escape from destruction, and bask our Race in glory
Be forever worthy of the descendants of Lac Hong!
References
Historical anthems
Vietnamese music
Asian anthems
1948 songs
James Edward Keeler

James Edward Keeler (September 10 1857 - August 12 1900) was an American astronomer.
He worked at Lick Observatory beginning in 1888 but was appointed director of the University of Pittsburgh's Allegheny Observatory in 1891. He returned to Lick Observatory as its director in 1898, but died not long after in 1900. He had married in 1891 and left a widow and two children.
He discovered two asteroids, although the second was lost and only recovered about 100 years later.
1857 births
1900 deaths
American astronomers
Santa Clara, California

Santa Clara is a city in California. It is very close to the San Jose International Airport. It also has a light rail station, called the Lick Mill. It is also the home of Levi's Stadium, where the San Francisco 49ers play their home games.
Santa Clara is part of Santa Clara County and Silicon Valley. Several large technology companies are based in Santa Clara, such as Intel, Nvidia, and Advanced Micro Devices. The city is also home to Santa Clara University, which is the oldest university in California, founded by Jesuits.
Other websites
Santa Clara from Google Maps
References
War movie

A war movie is a genre of movie where a war or an armed conflict plays an important part in the movie. In most of the scenes, the actors, will play in a scenario, which is affected by war. War movies usually show modern wars; unlike other genres, which may show older conflicts. The first war movie was Sea Fighting in Greece, by Georges Melies, of 1897. It is set in the Greco-Turkish War (1897). Documentaries about wars are not war movies.
War movies were often used to show how terrible war really is, and that peace is a better option. Therse are sometimes called anti-war-movies.
War movies have the following characteristics:
The mix fictional and non-fictional elements (for example, a fictionnal story, in a real war). Even though everyone knows, that this story did not happen, a very similar one could have happened. Very often, the viewer knows what the parties in the war were, and how the war ended.
The place where the movie takes place, and the kinds of weapons used have a big influence on the movie.
There are two options: either there is one protagonist, who needs to go through some development, and prove himself; or there is a gorup of people, who need to find common traits and work together to be successful.
Usually, a part of the audience will idealize soldiers, and war. Very often, visual effects (stunts, explosions, etc) will be madde to look very realistic. This can make it difficult, keep a critical distance.
Examples
Successful war movies include:
The Birth of A nation (David Griffith, 1915, American Civil War)
All Quiet on the Western Front (Lewis Milestone, 1930, First World War)
For Whom the Bell Tolls (Sam Wood, 1943, Spanish Civil War)
Paths to Glory (Stanley Kubrick, 1957, First World War)
Die Brucke (Bernhard Wicki, 1959, Second World War)
The Longest Day (Ken Ananika / Adrew Marton /Bernhard Wicki/Erich Maria Remarque, 1962, Second World War)- last War movier shot in black and white
MASH (RIbert Aktmanm 1970, Korean war)
The Deer Hunter (Michael Camino, 1978, Vietnam War)
Apocalypse Now(Francis Ford Copola, 1979, Vietnam war)
Das Boot (Wolfgang Petersen, 1981, Second World War)
Platoon(Oliver Stone, 1986, Vietnam War)
Full Metal Jacket (Stanley Kubrick, 1987, Vietnam War)
Born on the Fourth of July( Oliver Stone, 1989, Vietnam war)
Saving Private Ryan (Steven Spielberg, 1998, Second World War)
No Man's Land (Danis Tanovic, 2001, Balkan conflict)
Black Hawk Down( Ridley Scott, 2001, Battle for Mogadishu in the Somali Civil War)
Brotherhood (Kang Je-gyu, 2004, Korean war)
Flags of Our Fathers and Letters from Iwo Jima (Clint EastWood, 206,Second World War)
American Sniper (Clint Eastwood, 2014, Third Gulf War)
Dunkirk (Christopher Nolan, 2017, Battle and evacuation of Dunkirk, Second World War)
They Shall Not Grow Old (Peter Jackson, 2018, First World War)
1917 (Sam Mendes, 2019, First World War)
Movie genres
French polish

French polishing is a way of giving a high standard of finish to wood.
The careful and skilled multiple-layering of shellac polish on properly prepared wood when completed results in a lusterous, perfectly flat shine of an exceedingly high standard. Indeed when applied correctly a French polished application can rarely be matched for sheer quality of finish.
Normally practiced by highly skilled craftsmen and women one might normally fine excellent examples of this superb finish in some of our stately homes although plenty of other examples exist. The advent of lacquered wood finishes has tended to make French polishing less needed in today's world.
Woodworking
Jaco Pastorius

John Francis Anthony Pastorius III (December 1, 1951 - September 21, 1987), better known as Jaco Pastorius, was an American jazz bassist. Despite his short career, he is considered by a select few to be the greatest bassist of all time. He was born in Norristown, Pennsylvania.
Pastorius was a member of Weather Report from 1976 to 1981. He worked with Pat Metheny, Joni Mitchell, and recorded albums as a solo artist and band leader. Pastorius was the first bassist in any genre to use harmonics in his bass playing, which can be heard in songs such as "Portrait of Tracy".
Pastorius developed a self-destructive habit of provoking bar fights and allowing himself to be beaten up. On September 11, 1987, Pastorius was beaten to the point that he became comatose after a Carlos Santana concert in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. He suffered a cerebral hemorrhage and a few days later led to brain death. He was disconnected from life support and died on September 21, 1987 at the age of 35 at a hospital in Fort Lauderdale.
References
Other websites
- official site
Pastorius family site
Jaco Pastorius 1978 radio interview
1951 births
1987 deaths
Deaths by beating
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
American manslaughter victims
American bass guitarists
American jazz musicians
American composers
Record producers
Musicians from Pennsylvania
Musicians from Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Nicholas Donnelly (actor)

Nicholas Donnelly (1938 - January 2022) was a British actor. He was best known for his roles as Grange Hill as Mr. Craig MacKenzie]from 1985 to 1993, and as Sergeant Johnny Wills in police series Dixon of Dock Green from 1960 to 1976. He was born in London.
Donnelly died in January 2022, at the age of 83.
References
Other websites
Aveleyman: Nicholas Donnelly
1938 births
2022 deaths
British movie actors
British television actors
British stage actors
British voice actors
Actors from London
Ratchet & Clank: Going Commando

Ratchet & Clank: Going Commando (Ratchet & Clank 2: Locked and Loaded in Europe, Australia and New Zealand) is a 3D platform/shooter for the PlayStation 2. It was developed by Insomniac Games and published by Sony in 2003. It is the second game in the Ratchet & Clank series. The words Going Commando are a phrase, or set of words, for wearing pants with no underwear.
Similar to Ratchet & Clank, Going Commando got high review scores, and has a 92% on Game Rankings, and a 90% from Metacritic. IGN gave the game a score of 9.4/10, and Gamestats gave it a 9.1/10. Game Informer magazine called it Game of the Month when it was released. Going Commando was given a 4/5 from Gamespy and a 5/5 from X-Play.
References
Other websites
Official site
Official Insomniac Games website
2003 video games
PlayStation 2 games
3D platform games
Ratchet & Clank
Per Theodor Haugen

Per Theodor Haugen (8 October 1932 - 14 October 2018) was a Norwegian actor. He started stage acting in 1950. He had a supporting role in the comedy movie Stov pa hjernen (1959).
He was born in Kongsberg. He was married to actress Sissel Sellaeg who died on 5 January 2014 in Oslo. They had a son together, actor Kim Haugen.
Haugen died in Oslo on 14 October 2018 at the age of 86.
References
Other websites
1932 births
2018 deaths
Norwegian movie actors
Norwegian television actors
Norwegian stage actors
Geelong

Geelong is the second biggest city in the state of Victoria, Australia. It has a large port and 190,000 people living in its area. Geelong at Corio Bay, which is 75 kilometres south-west
Melbourne.
The city is a near many famous tourist attractions, for example the Great Ocean Road, the Shipwreck Coast and the Bellarine Peninsula. Geelong also has the second oldest Australian rules football club in the world, the Geelong Football Club, also called The Cats.
References
Other websites
Official Geelong Government Site
Local history of Geelong
Brandenburgers

The Brandenburgers were members of the German special forces unit during World War II. It was one of the most secret forces in the German land forces. The unit was formed by the German military intelligence organ, the Abwehr.
References
World War II
Nazi Germany
German intelligence agencies
Military of Germany
Special Forces
Jane Cox

Jane Cox (born 13 May 1952) is an English actress, known for her role as Lisa Dingle in the British soap opera Emmerdale, a role she portrayed from 1996 to 2019.
Career
Cox has also starred in episodes of Coronation Street, Hetty Wainthrop Investigates and The Bill. Her most notable pre-Emmerdale role was playing JJ in the children's entertainment series Allsorts for between 1991-1995. She has also appeared on Lily Savage's Blankety Blank.
In March 2019, Cox announced that she would be leaving Emmerdale after 23 years of portraying Lisa Deagle. She made her final physical appearance on 24 May 2019, but made a voiceover appearance on 6 June 2019 in a farewell to her character.
1952 births
English television actors
Living people
Battlefield: Bad Company 2

Battlefield: Bad Company 2 is a first-person shooter video game. It was developed by EA Digital Illusions CE and published by Electronic Arts. It was released for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. The game is part of the Battlefield series.
The game has received very good reviews from game critics.
References
2010 video games
PlayStation 3 games
Xbox 360 games
Battlefield video games
Video games developed in Sweden
Finery forge

A finery forge is a hearth (a brick fireplace) used to make wrought iron by burning pig iron. Finery forges were probably used in the 3rd century BC. In the 18th and 19th century it was replaced by the puddling process.
History
China made finery forges before 200 BC. Europe made finery forges around 1200 AD. Europe's finery forges were worse than China's until 1400 AD. Europe started powering their finery forges with water wheels. In 1700 AD, Europe made blast furnaces and started using puddling techniques
Types
German forge
In Germany and Sweden most finery forges only had one fire used for everything.
Walloon forge
Walloon finery forges were used in north Sweden and made oregrounds iron. Oregrounds iron was the best iron available in the 18th century.
Lancashire forge
Process
Pig iron is melted, making a lump of iron called a bloom, and slag. The iron lump is then hit with a hammer many times. Hitting the iron with a hammer gets the slag out of the iron, so the iron can be used.
Iron
Hispaniolan giant tree frog

The Hispaniolan giant tree frog or Hispaniola tree frog (Osteopilus vastus) is a frog. It lives in Hispaniola. Hispaniola is an island, and the countries Haiti and the Dominican Republic are on it. Scientists have seen it as high as 1700 meters above sea level.
Taxonomy
Some Giant Tree frogs from southern Hispaniola may be a part of a different species.
Conservation
Deforestation and degradation or steams is the main cause of Habitat loss for Giant Tree Frogs.
References
Frogs of South America
List of rivers of Tamil Nadu

This page lists the main rivers of Tamil Nadu. Out of the below rivers, Kaveri River Palar River, Vaigai River, Noyyal River, Cheyyar River, Moyar River, Bhavani River, Thamirabarani River are the major rivers in Tamil Nadu.
A
Adyar River
Amaravati River
Agni River : Flowing through Pudukottai and Thanjavur District
Arasalar River
Agaram Aru
Arjuna River
Ayyanarkovil River
Adappar River
Arani River
B
Bhavani River
Bambar River
C
Chittar River
Coonoor River
Cooum River
Cheyyar River
G
Gingee River
Gomukhi River
Goddar River
Gadananathi River
Gundar River
H
Hanumannathi River
Harichandra River
J
Jambunathi River
K
Kollidam River
Komugi River
Koundinya Nathi
Kowsika River
Kudamurutti River
Kundha River
Kottagudi River
Karipottan river
Kottagudi River
Karuppanathi River
Karunaiyar River
Kottamalaiyaru River
Kothaiyaru River
Kowsika river
Kundar River
Kaattar River
Kosasthalaiyar River
Kousika River,Coimbatore
M
Malattar River
Manimuktha River
Manimuthar River
Mayura River
Moyar River
Mudikondan River
Markanda River
Mundhal Odai River
Mottaiyar River
Mullaiyar River
N
Noyyal River
Naganathi River
Nanganjiyar river
Nandalar River
Nattar River
O
Odampokki River
P
Pachaiyar River
Pambar River
Pahrali River
Palar River
Parambikulam River
Ponnaiyar River
Pykara River
Pandavaiar River
Pamaniyar River
R
Rajasingiyaru River
Ramanathi River
S
Sankaraparani River
Shanmuganadhi River
Sigur River
Siruvani River
South Pennar River
Suvetha River
Sarabanga River
Sarugani River
Santhana varthini River
T
Thamirabarani River
Thenpennai River
Tondiar River
Thirumalairajan River
Thennar River
Thirumanimutharu river
Thennar River
U
Uppar River
Upper Gundar River
V
Vaigai River
Vaippar river
Vanniyar River
Vennaaru River
Varaganathi River
Vashista River
Veera Chozhan river
Vellar river
Vedamaliyaru River
Vettar River
Vennaaru River
Valavaikkal River
Rivers of Tamil Nadu
Sergio Osmeña

Sergio Osmena Sr. (; September 9, 1878 - October 19, 1961) was a Filipino politician who served as the fourth President of the Philippines from 1944 to 1946. He was Vice President under Manuel L. Quezon.
Other websites
The Philippine Presidency Project
Philippines-Archipelago (Sergio Osmena)
Sergio Osmena at WN
Sergio Osmena on the Presidential Museum and Library
1878 births
1961 deaths
Presidents of the Philippines
Vice presidents of the Philippines
Presidents pro tempore of the Senate of the Philippines
Speakers of the House of Representatives of the Philippines
Brighton, Vermont

Brighton is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States.
Towns in Vermont
Gulf of Alaska

The Gulf of Alaska is an arm of the Pacific Ocean. The borders are the southern coast of Alaska, stretching from the Alaska Peninsula and Kodiak Island in the west to the Alexander Archipelago in the east, where Glacier Bay and the Inside Passage are found.
The entire shoreline of the Gulf is a combination of forest, mountain, and a number of tidewater glaciers. Alaska's largest glaciers, the Malaspina Glacier and Bering Glacier go out onto the coastal plain along the Gulf of Alaska. Cook Inlet and Prince William Sound are the two largest connected bodies of water. There is also Yakutat Bay and Cross Sound. Lituya Bay is the place of the largest recorded tsunami in history.
Other websites
World Atlas
Alaska
Pacific Ocean
Bodies of water of the United States
Geography of Alaska
Geography of British Columbia
Loading gauge

A Loading gauge defines the maximum height and width for railway vehicles and their loads to ensure safe passage through bridges, tunnels and other structures. Classification systems vary between different countries and gauges may vary across a network, even if the track gauge remains constant.
References
Rail transport
Mondon

Mondon is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
Laurel, Montana

Laurel is a city in Montana in the United States.
Cities in Montana
Liberty X

Liberty X are a British vocal pop-R&B group. The band was formed in London in 2001 from contestants in the first series of Popstars. The band split in 2007. They reformed in 2012.
The quintet's members are: Michelle Heaton (born 1980), Tony Lundon (born 1979), Kevin Simm (born 1980), Jessica Taylor (born 1980) and Kelli Young (born 1981).
2001 establishments in England
2000s British music groups
2010s British music groups
English R&B bands
English pop music groups
Musical groups established in 2001
Musical groups from London
Pexiora

Pexiora is a commune of 1,226 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
References
Communes in Aude
Lars Hindmar

Lars Erik Hindmar (born Karlsson; 11 December 1921 - 21 December 2018) was a Swedish racewalker. He competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics in the 10 km and at the 1956 Summer Olympics in the 20 km event, but was disqualified in both cases. He was born in Boras, Sweden.
References
1921 births
2018 deaths
Swedish athletes
Swedish Olympians
Racewalkers
Compact star

In astronomy, the term compact star or compact object is used to refer collectively to white dwarfs, neutron stars, other exotic dense stars, and black holes.
Most compact stars are at the end of their stellar evolution. They are called stellar remnants: the form of the remnant depends mainly on the mass of the star when it formed. These objects are small for their mass. Astronomic objects with an unknown nature are often called compact star, when evidence suggests that they are very massive and that they have a small radius. A compact star which is not a black hole is sometimes called a degenerate star.
Types of stars
The Specialist

The Specialist is a 1994 American action thriller movie. Sylvester Stallone plays Ray. Sharon Stone plays May Munro. This movie is about a former CIA agent getting mixed up in violence, drugs and deception. It is set in Colombia and Miami.
Many critics did not like the movie. Its box office intake, however, was positive. The movie was released on October 7, 1994.
Other websites
1994 thriller movies
1994 action movies
1990s spy movies
American action thriller movies
American spy movies
English-language movies
Movies about revenge
Movies set in Colombia
Movies set in Miami
Movies directed by Luis Llosa
Avon, Indiana

Avon is a town in the state of Indiana, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 12,446.
References
Towns in Indiana
John Horsley (actor)

John L. Horsley (21 July 1920 - 12 January 2014) was an English actor. He was known for his role on Hell Drivers (1957) and for his role as Doc Morrissey in the BBC sitcom The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin.
Horsley died on 12 January 2014 from natural causes.
References
Other websites
1920 births
2014 deaths
Actors from Essex
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
Saint-Germain-du-Pert

Saint-Germain-du-Pert is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Calvados
Medical cannabis

Medical marijuana, aka medical cannabis, is cannabis and cannabinoids that are given by doctors to their patients. The use of marijuana as a medicine has not been tested much because it can be difficult to get enough of it to test and because of other governmental regulations.
Medical cannabis can help with nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy. It can improve appetite in people with HIV/AIDS. It can reduce chronic pain and muscle spasms.
Short-term use makes it more likely that there will be side effects. Common side effects include feeling tired, dizziness and hallucinations. Long-term effects of marijuana are not clear. Concerns include memory problems, risk of addiction and children taking it by accident.
The Cannabis plant has been used as medicine for thousands of years in many cultures. Its current use is controversial.
Medical marijuana can be given in different ways. They include vaporizing, smoking dried buds, eating foods that have cannabis in them, taking capsules or using lozenges.
Recreational use of marijuana is illegal in most parts of the world. The medical use of cannabis is legal in some countries, including the Czech Republic, Canada, Austria, the Netherlands, Italy and Germany. Australia is working to pass a law that will allow the use of marijuana for medical and scientific purposes. In the United States, federal law says all use of marijuana is illegal. But more than 30 states and the District of Columbia no longer arrest people for having medical marijuana, as long as they follow a state's medical marijuana rules.
References
Cannabis
Thornton, Iowa

Thornton is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Saint-Germain-d'Ectot

Saint-Germain-d'Ectot is a former commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Aurseulles.
References
Former communes in Calvados
Épineuil

Epineuil is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Angelo Codevilla

Angelo M. Codevilla (May 25, 1943 - September 21, 2021) was an Italian-American academic. He was a professor at the Pardee School of Global Studies at Boston University. He was professional staff member of the Select Committee on Intelligence of the United States Senate. He also wrote for Commentary, Foreign Affairs, National Review, and The New Republic.
Codevila died in September 2021 at the age of 78.
References
1943 births
2021 deaths
Italian academics
Academics from Massachusetts
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Milan
Nicole Courcel

Nicole Courcel (21 October 1931 - 25 June 2016) was a French actress. She was popular through the 1950s and 1960s. She was born in Saint-Cloud, western suburbs of Paris.
She appeared in 43 movies between 1947 and 1979. After working as an extra in a few movies, she won a major role in Rendez-vous de juillet (1949), with Brigitte Auber. In 1970, she turned to television appearing in different television movies and miniseries, in which she continued to work until 2004.
Courcel is best known for her role in Serge Bourguignon's Sundays and Cybele (1962). She had notable parts in: La Marie du port (1950, opposite Jean Gabin), Sacha Guitry's Royal Affairs in Versailles (1954), and La Sorciere (1956, opposite Marina Vlady).
Courcel died on 25 June 2016 in Paris, aged 84.
References
Other websites
Nicole Courcel at Cinematheque francaise
In 'Sherlock Holmes: Case of the Deadly Prophecy at Internet Archive
1931 births
2016 deaths
French movie actors
French television actors
French stage actors
Actors from Paris
Digital camera

A digital camera is a camera that stores pictures in electronic memory instead of film. Because of this, a digital camera can hold many more pictures than a traditional film camera. A digital camera can sometimes hold hundreds or thousands of pictures. Many use a memory card to store them. Most digital cameras can use a USB cable that connects into a computer to send pictures that are in the camera to the computer.
Digital photography is a kind of photography where a digital camera is used to take photos. Digital cameras use an image sensor instead of photographic film. Very often, they also use a memory card to store the photos in a digital format. Most photography is digital, though some photographers still use the old film cameras.
The majority of cameras are part of a mobile phone, called a "camera phone". They can send their pictures to other phones and other devices. Most camera phones do not make as good pictures as larger separate cameras do, especially where light is not bright.
Most digital cameras can serve as Video cameras. Some have a direct link to another computer where the data may be stored.
Data storage
When you take a picture or a video, it is saved on a memory device. The memory device can be internal - flash memory inside the camera, or external - memory cards, microdrives and so on. The most used method for saving pictures and videos from a camera is a SD card.
The picture can be saved in a compressed file (JPEG, TIFF) or in an uncompressed, proprietary RAW file. The compressed picture is lower quality but the RAW picture has to be processed with a special computer program.
A video is usually saved as an AVI, MPEG or MOV file format (it depends on the producer of the camera).
Most modern cameras also put Exif information in the picture file. This metadata information usually includes the date of taking the picture, the camera type, and its settings. Some cameras include GPS coordinates.
Gallery
Other websites
Cameras
Electronics
Data input
Antimony pentoxide

Antimony pentoxide, also known as antimony pentaoxide and antimony(V) oxide, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Sb2O5. It has antimony and oxide ions in it. The antimony is in its +5 oxidation state.
Properties
It is a yellow solid. It is a strong oxidizing agent. It reacts with hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid to make antimony pentachloride and antimony pentafluoride. It breaks down to antimony tetroxide when heated to a high temperature.
Preparation
It is made by reacting antimony trioxide with nitric acid. It can also be made by reacting antimony pentafluoride or antimony pentachloride with water.
Uses
Antimony pentoxide is used in fire retardants and the making of titanium dioxide. It is also used as a catalyst.
Related pages
Antimony trichloride
Antimony triiodide
Bismuth pentoxide
Antimony compounds
Oxides
Yadavs of Nepal

Yadavs of Nepal (Nepali: nepaalkaa yaadvaa) or Yaduvanshi Kshatriyas (Nepali: yduvNshii) are Yadav/Ahir caste of Nepal.
Origin
Yadavs are the descendants of Yadu, the eldest son of King Yayati. It is said that Yadu was expelled by Yayati from his kingdom and became a rebel. His successor was Madhu, who ruled from Madhuvana, situated on the banks of river Yamuna, which extended up to Saurastra and Anarta (Gujarat). His daughter Madhumati married Harinasva of Ikshvaku race, from whom Yadu was born again, this time being ancestor of Yadavas. Nanda, the foster father of Krishna, was born in the line of succession of Madhu and ruled from the same side of Yamuna. Jarasandh, Kansa's father-in-law, and king of Magadha attacked Yadavas to avenge Kansa's death. Yadavas had to shift their capital from Mathura (central Aryavart) to Dwaraka (on the western coast of Aryavart) on the Sindhu. Yadu was a legendary Hindu king, believed to be an ancestor of the god Krishna, who for this reason is sometimes referred to as Yadava.
References
Yadav
Nepal
Julia van der Sprong

Julia van der Sprong (born 27 September 1999) is a Dutch wheelchair basketball player. she is a member of the Netherlands women's national wheelchair basketball team, and SC DeVeDo in Ermelo. She won the gold medal at the 2020 Summer Paralympics.
She also became world champion in 2018 and European champion in 2019.
She plays in the Dutch Eredivisie national league, with her club SC DeVeDo.
Life
Van der Sprong was born in 1999 in Gouda. She did before her impairment hockey, roller skating and speed skating. After a field hockey training she couldn't feel her left leg and foot anymore. She had an inflammation that damaged nerves on her spinal cord and resulted that she had to use a wheelchair. She tried playing wheelchair tennis and wheelchair racing and switched to wheelchair basketball in 2016 in Gouda.
She studied business administration at the Radboud University in Nijmegen.
References
Other websites
Topsporter Julia: 'Op school hoorde ik: die rollator is voor een bejaarde' | Foto | AD.nl
Julia van der Sprong of The Netherlands during the Tokyo 2020 Paralympics... News Photo - Ilse Schaffers
1999 births
Dutch wheelchair basketball players
Dutch Paralympic gold medalists
Living people
No. 3 Fighter Sector RAAF

No. 3 Fighter Sector (3FS) was a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) unit during World War Two. No. 3FS was responsible for fighter aircraft control and coordination for the Townsville region. 3FS would collect all of the intelligence information from the various D/F stations and VAOC posts, decide on the what needed to be done and then tell the fighter or bomber squadrons to respond. 3FS was in telephone and radio contact with all of the anti-aircraft, searchlight, RDF and HF/DF stations in the Townsville area.
It was first set up at Townsville Grammar School, on 25 February 1942. The Women's Auxiliary Australian Air Force members of 3FS lived at St Anne's Girls School, Townsville. In 1942, a new headquarters for No. 3FS was built at Wulguru, Townsville. The site was a proper military camp site with its own power house, barracks, kitchens, toilets and recreation hall. There were as many as 62 different buildings in 3FS HQ. The camp was on the side of a hill near Mt Stuart, on the west side of the road to Charters Towers. It can still be seen today on the hill on the opposite side of the Stuart Shopping Centre.
No. 3FS was renamed 103 Fighter Control Unit (103 FCU) on 7 March 1944. The Stuart complex was complete and ready to use on 20 December 1944. The main operations building was a bunker made of 30-centimetre (12 in) thick reinforced concrete designed to withstand a direct bomb hit. It had a mezzanine floor and was air-conditioned. 3 Fighter Sector Headquarters had 32 rooms in the large rectangular concrete building with walls forming various passageways. The building still stands today and is 60 by 42 feet (18.3 m x 12.8 m).
All air raid warnings were started from this bunker by red, yellow and white flares. There was also HQ located in North Ward, Townsville. 103 FCU was disbanded in Townsville on 21 January 1945.
After the war
After the war, the buildings were used to house new migrants to Australia. The buildings were still furnished at the time. In 1961 it was purchased by James Cook University of Queensland and was used as a temporary accommodation for students while their residential halls were being built. The bunker itself still had its communication and signals equipment. A few years later the inside of the bunker was destroyed by fire. In 1971 the rest of the buildings were demolished. The site is now owned by the Department of Environment and Resources.
Ammunition storage
In 1999, a group of people, had been raising money and getting the right equipment to fix this bunker after it was burned and destroyed by fire. They wanted to turn it into a museum. The Department of Environment and Resources have said that the building is not safe. In 2009 the bunker was fenced off.
Many people in Townsville believe that the bunker may still have ammunition and chemical weapons left over from the war. They also think that the bunker is part of a network of tunnels built during the war in the hills around Townsville. The Department of Defence has said that neither of these claims are true.
References
Queensland
Miguel Primo de Rivera

Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja, 2nd Marquess of Estella (8 January 1870 - 16 March 1930), was a dictator and military officer who was the Prime Minister of Spain from 1923 to 1930 during the Restoration era.
References
1870 births
1930 deaths
Spanish politicians
Diana Maggi

Graziosa Maggi (10 June 1925 - 15 September 2022), better known as Diana Maggi, was an Italian-born Argentine actress. Her best known role was in the 1950 movie Campeon a la fuerza. Maggi was born in Milan.
Maggi died on 15 September 2022, at the age of 97.
References
Other websites
1925 births
2022 deaths
Italian movie actors
Italian stage actors
Argentine movie actors
Argentine stage actors
Actors from Milan
Zico

Zico may refer to:
Zico (footballer) (born 1953), born Arthur Antunes Coimbra, Brazilian footballer and coach
Zico Soccer, a video game
Zico Football Center, a sports complex in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Zico (footballer, born 1966), born Milton Antonio Nunes Niemet, Brazilian footballer and coach
Zico (rapper) or Woo Ji-ho (born 1992), South Korean rapper
ZICO (beverage), a brand of coconut water
People with the given name
Zico Bailey (born 2000), American soccer player
Zico Doe (fl. from 1990), Liberian footballer
Zico Luzinho Ingles Casimiro or Luzinho (born 1985), East Timorese footballer
Zico Otieno (Zedekiah Otieno, born 1968), Kenyan footballer
Zico Phillips (born 1991), Barbadian footballer
Zico Rumkabu (born 1989), Indonesian footballer
Zico Senamuang or Kiatisuk Senamuang (born 1973), Thai footballer and coach
Zico Waeytens (born 1991), Belgian cyclist
Related pages
Zito (disambiguation)
Zico Chain, a British rock band
Zeiko Lewis (born 1994), Bermudian footballer