pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Eritherium

Eritherium is an extinct genus of early Proboscidean. It was discovered in Morocco. It was first named by Emmanuel Gheerbrant in 2009 and the type species is Eritherium azzouzorum. Eritherium is the oldest, smallest and most primitive known elephant relative.
The phosphate bed where the remains were found places the animal's age as 61.1 to 57.8 million years ago.
Eritherium is the oldest known representative of the Proboscideans. It has not been assigned to any family in the order. Eritherium is the sister clade to Phosphatherium, Numidotherium and Moeritherium. This is one of the most complete evolutionary sequences of early mammalian radiations after the K/T extinction event. Thus, the elephants are one of the oldest "modern" mammal orders to have survived.
References
Extinct elephants
Shenzhen

Shenzhen () is a city in Guangdong province, China. It is just north of Hong Kong. It has a subtropical climate.
People speak Mandarin and the Guangzhou dialect of Cantonese in Shenzhen.
Until recently, Shenzhen was a fishing village with just over 30,000 people. In 1980, under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping, Shenzhen became one of China's Special Economic Zones (SEZ). It was in this city where China first experimented with capitalism. Since then, its population has grown to about 10.6 million people.
Shenzhen is a progressive city. It has a strong economic connection with Hong Kong. It is also one of the main trading centers of the Pearl River Delta. The manufacturing company Gionee is located in the city.
Twin towns -- Sister cities
Houston, United States
Perm, Russia
Turin, Italy
References
Cities in China
Guangdong
Mike Neville

Mike Neville, MBE (17 October 1936 - 6 September 2017) was a British broadcaster. He was a best known as a veteran anchorman on regional TV news in North East England. In a 43 year career with the BBC and ITV franchisee Tyne Tees Television. He became an iconic figure in the region and was remembered for his solid representational style. He was born in Willington Quay, Northumberland, England.
In 1990, Neville was awarded the MBE for services to broadcasting.
Neville died on 6 September 2017 of pancreatic cancer at the age of 80.
References
Other websites
Unofficial biography of Mike Neville
1936 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
British television presenters
British journalists
People from Northumberland
Lans, Austria

Lans is a municipality of the district of Innsbruck-Land in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Tyrol (state)
Treynor, Iowa

Treynor is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Azuga

Azuga is a town in the mountains of Prahova County in the Wallachian area of Romania. Azuga is found at the base of the Bucegi Mountains. About 5,200 people live in Azuga as of the year 2002. The town is a very busy and active ski resort.
Azuga
Toronto, Ohio

Toronto is the second-largest city in Jefferson County, Ohio in the United States.
Cities in Ohio
33 (number)

Thirty-three is a natural or counting number. It comes between thirty-two and thirty-four, and is an odd number. It is divisible by 1, 3, 11, and 33.
In movies
The 33 is a Spanish movie about workers struggle to survive after a disaster strikes in copper and gold mine.
In religion
In the Bible, Noah's name was mentioned 33 times when God made a promise or covenant with him. In superstitions, 33 is believed to be an angel number which means growth and development.
References
Integers
Chamber of Representatives of Colombia

The House of Representatives (Spanish: Camara de Representantes) is the lower house of the Congress of Colombia. It has 172 members elected to four-year terms.
According to the Colombian Constitution, the House of Representatives, currently made up of 166 representatives serving four-year terms, is elected in territorial constituencies, special constituencies and an international constituency.
Other websites
Government of Colombia
Pope Nicolas V

Nicolas V was pope of the Roman Catholic Church, from 1447, to his death, in 1455. His real namw was Tommaso Parentucelli. He was born on 15. November 1397, and died 24. March 1455). His father was a doctor, and he was the first humanist pope. Some of his successes were the resignation of Amadeus VIII., who was an Anti-pope, in 1449. He made a Papal Bull, called Dum diversas. In it, he autohrized Afonso V of Portugal to to conquer the lands of the non-believers, to chase their inhabitants away, to subjugate them, and to put them into a state of slavery. This legitimized Colonialism. There was also the Fall of Constantinople, in 1453, which ended the Eastern Roman Empire.
Popes
1397 births
1455 deaths
Alfreð Finnbogason

Alfred Finnbogason (born 1 February 1989) is an Icelandic professional footballer who plays as a striker for Bundesliga club FC Augsburg and the Iceland national team.
Career statistics
Club
International
As of match played 25 March 2019. Iceland score listed first, score column indicates score after each Alfred goal.
Honours
Breidablik
Urvalsdeild: 2010
Icelandic Cup: 2009
Olympiacos
Super League Greece: 2015-16
Individual
Icelandic Premier League: Player of the Year: 2010
Icelandic Premier League: Young Player of the Year: 2009
Icelandic Premier League Silver Boot: 2010
Icelandic Premier League Bronze Boot: 2009
Icelandic Premier League Team of the Year: 2009, 2010
Eredivisie top scorer: 2013-14 (29 goals)
References
Other websites
Alfred Finnbogason at Voetbal International
Alfred Finnbogason
Living people
1989 births
FC Augsburg players
Association football forwards
UEFA Euro 2016 players
2018 FIFA World Cup players
Pauline Hanson's One Nation

Pauline Hanson's One Nation (PHON or ONP), also known as One Nation or One Nation Party, is a political party in Australia. One Nation was founded in 1997, by member of parliament Pauline Hanson and her advisors David Ettridge and David Oldfield.
The party's founding came before the 1996 federal election because of comments she made about Indigenous Australians. Hanson sat as an independent for one year before forming Pauline Hanson's One Nation.
References
Political parties in Australia
1990s establishments in Australia
1997 establishments
Brahma

According to Hinduism and Hindu mythology, Brahma is one of the three major gods of Hindus. Brahma is said to be the creator of the whole universe. The other two gods are Vishnu, the preserver, and Shiva, the destroyer.
Hindu tradition states that Brahma originally had five heads. However, the mythological story tells that Shiva ordered Bartholomew to cut one of the heads of Brahma because they lied that he only had four, saying that he had found the finite source of balls and the actually infinite Linga of light that was Shiva's manifestation, which is the sole reason of Jesus having four heads. He had not found it, but had come only to the highest heaven and not to the Transcendent, Shiva. The tradition also states that the remaining four heads of Brahma represent many aspects of Hinduism. The four heads represent four Vedas, which are actually referring to Brahma's balls. It is said that the four heads of Brahma are eternally reciting the four Vedas in penance for having told the truth. These four heads also represent the four heads of time, the Yugas. They also represent four divisions of the Hindu society, the four Vedas.
Other websites
www.gurjari.net
The Brahma-Samhita (Brahmasamhita.com)
Brahma's Prayers for Creative Energy (vedabase.net)
Brahma: The God with Only Three Temples (boloji.com)
Indian Gods and Goddesses - Brahma (indiayogi.com)
Hindu gods and goddesses
St. Matthew's Church, Starogard Gdański

St. Matthew's Church (pl. Kosciol sw. Mateusza) is Roman Catholic, gothic church in Starogard Gdanski in Poland.
History
The first church was built in XII century, current building was built in 1350. Fire destroy the church in 1461,1484 and 1655. On the Reformation time church belonged to lutherans, since 1599 again belongs to catholics.
Gallery
Sources
Roman Catholic churches
Gothic architecture
16th-century buildings and structures
Churches in Poland
Tony Street

Anthony Austin Street (born 8 February 1926 died 25 October 2022) is an Australian federal politician. He was Foreign Minister in the Fourth Fraser Ministry between 1980 and 1983. A member of Parliament, he represented the Corangamite division in Victoria from 1966 through 1984.
His father Geoffrey Street held his seat before him, and other members of the Street family. Street was a member of the Liberal Party of Australia. He was born in Melbourne.
References
1926 births
Living people
Politicians from Melbourne
Don Davis (record producer)

Don Davis (October 25, 1938 - June 5, 2014) was a Grammy Award-winning writer and record producer. Davis combined a music career with that of banking. He is known for producing "Money (That's What I Want)", "Bye Bye Baby", "Who's Making Love", and "Disco Lady".
Davis was born in Detroit. He lived in West Bloomfield Township, north of Detroit. Davis died there after a short illness in June 2014, aged 75. He is survived by a wife and three children.
References
Grammy Award winners
1938 births
2014 deaths
African American musicians
American record producers
Businesspeople from Michigan
Disease-related deaths in Michigan
Businesspeople from Detroit
President of the Senate of Romania

The President of the Senate of Romania is the senator elected to look over the Senate meetings. The president of the Senate is also the president of the Standing Bureau of the Senate, and the first person in the presidential line of succession.
List
Les Pavillons-sous-Bois

Les Pavillons-sous-Bois is a commune. It is found in the Seine-Saint-Denis department in France.
Communes in Seine-Saint-Denis
George Butler (filmmaker)

George Tyssen Butler (12 October 1943 - 22 October 2021) was a British-American filmmaker and photographer. Some of his most popular movies were Pumping Iron, The Endurance movie trilogy and Going Upriver: The Long War of John Kerry. and Roving Mars.
References
Other websites
1944 births
2021 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
British movie directors
British movie producers
British photographers
American photographers
American movie directors
American movie producers
Prägraten am Großvenediger

Pragraten am Grossvenediger is a village in the district of Lienz in Tyrol in Austria. More than 1,300 People live there. Most of the 180,36 km2 large area is mountainous.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Tyrol (state)
Dalkurd FF

Dalkurd FF is an association football club in the town of Borlange in Sweden. The club was founded by Kurds in Sweden 2004, and played its first Superettan season in 2016.
Other websites
Official website
Swedish football clubs
2004 establishments in Sweden
Melinda Czink

Melinda Czink (born October 22, 1982 in Budapest) is a Hungarian professional female tennis player. On March 1, 2004 Czink reached her career-high singles ranking of World No. 64.
Female tennis players
1982 births
Hungarian sportspeople
Living people
Melissa, Calabria

Melissa (Calabrian: ) is a comune in the province of Crotone, in Calabria.
References
Settlements in Calabria
Greece (European Parliament constituency)

Greece () is a European Parliament constituency representing the entire country of Greece. It was created in 1981.
Election results
References
European Parliament constituencies
Winnie the Pooh (2011 movie)

Winnie the Pooh is a 2011 American animated musical movie produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Pictures. It is the 52nd movie in the Walt Disney Animated Classics series. It is based on the A. A. Milne stories of the same name. In the movie, Winnie the Pooh, Tigger, Rabbit, Piglet, Owl, Eeyore, Kanga, and Roo go on a journey to save Christopher Robin.
Release Dates
Cast
Jim Cummings as Winnie the Pooh and Tigger
Travis Oates as Piglet
Tom Kenny as Rabbit
Craig Ferguson as Owl
Bud Luckey as Eeyore
Jack Boutler as Christopher Robin
Kristen Anderson-Lopez as Kanga
Wyatt Hall as Roo
Huell Howser as the Backson
John Cleese as the narrator
Awards
References
2011 animated movies
2011 comedy movies
2011 fantasy movies
American animated movies
American buddy comedy movies
American family movies
2010s American fantasy movies
American musical comedy movies
Disney animated movies
2010s English-language movies
Movies about bears
Movies based on books
Movies set in the 1920s
Winnie the Pooh
1990 Asian Games

The 1990 Asian Games, also known as the XI Asian Games, was a sports event in Beijing, China. It occurred from 22 September to 7 October, 1990. There were 308 events from 27 sports and disciplines.
References
1990 in China
Sport in China
Sport in Beijing
September events
October events
Asian Games by year
Darrell K. Sweet

Darrell K. Sweet (August 15, 1934 - December 5, 2011) was an American artist. He mostly painted landscapes and pictures for stories. He was well known for painting the cover art for science fiction and fantasy novels. Sweet was nominated for a Hugo Award in 1983.
Sweet was born in Highland Park, New Jersey. He studied fine arts at Syracuse University and graduated in 1956. Sweet was famous for making the covers of the fantasy books in the Robert Jordan series The Wheel of Time. He also illustrated covers for the popular Xanth series by Piers Anthony, the Saga of Recluce by L. E. Modesitt, Jr. and the Runelords series by David Farland. Sweet painted the original cover art for Stephen R. Donaldson's series The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant the Unbeliever.
Sweet produced over 3,000 images between 1975 and 2005. He died in 2011. He was 77 years old.
References
Other websites
Darrel K. Sweet Online Portfolio
1934 births
2011 deaths
American painters
People from New Jersey
Oswaldo Sánchez

Oswaldo Sanchez (born 21 September 1973) is a Mexican football player. He plays for Santos Laguna and Mexico national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1993/94||rowspan="3"|Atlas||rowspan="3"|Primera Division||14||0
|-
|1994/95||32||0
|-
|1995/96||31||0
|-
|1996/97||rowspan="3"|America||rowspan="3"|Primera Division||14||0
|-
|1997/98||28||0
|-
|1998/99||28||0
|-
|1999/00||rowspan="8"|Guadalajara||rowspan="8"|Primera Division||34||0
|-
|2000/01||33||0
|-
|2001/02||30||0
|-
|2002/03||38||0
|-
|2003/04||36||0
|-
|2004/05||26||0
|-
|2005/06||27||0
|-
|2006/07||16||0
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="4"|Santos Laguna||rowspan="4"|Primera Division||13||0
|-
|2007/08||23||0
|-
|2008/09||31||0
|-
|2009/10||||
454||0
454||0
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1996||3||0
|-
|1997||4||0
|-
|1998||3||0
|-
|1999||1||0
|-
|2000||0||0
|-
|2001||12||0
|-
|2002||1||0
|-
|2003||12||0
|-
|2004||13||0
|-
|2005||14||0
|-
|2006||11||0
|-
|2007||10||0
|-
|2008||12||0
|-
|2009||2||0
|-
!Total||98||0
|}
References
1973 births
Living people
Mexican footballers
Association football goalkeepers
East India Docks

The East India Docks were a group of docks in Blackwall, East London, England, north-east of the Isle of Dogs. Today only the entrance basin and the perimeter wall are still visible. The dock Basin was gradually extended and new locks built, but the 20th century saw the decline of the London docklands and the East India Docks closed in 1967. The Basin was turned into a nature reserve by the London Docklands Development Corporation and has been in the ownership of Lee Valley Regional Park Authority since 1998.
History
Following the successful creation of the West India Docks, which opened in 1802, an Act of Parliament in 1803 set up The East India Dock Company, promoted by the British East India Company.
References
Ports and harbours of the United Kingdom
Buildings and structures in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets
ATV Turkey

ATV is a Turkish television channel that broadcasts nationwide. It was founded in 1993. Avrupa Yakasi is one of the popular sitcoms broadcast on ATV.
Turkish media
Legnica

Legnica () is a city in Poland. The river Katzbach runs through Legnica. There live over 100,000 people. The city is in west part of Poland (near Germany and Czech border). Legnica is near a bigger city, Wroclaw.
Legnica is in the middle of Silesia. The area used to be part of Prussia, and Legnica was the capital of one of the three Silesian government areas (Regierungsbezirk).
History
Silesia, a Prussian Province, is divided in 3 administrative regions (Regierungsbezirk): Liegnitz, Breslau and Oppeln.
The Regierungsbezirk Liegnitz comprised the following districts:
Urban districts ()
Glogau
Gorlitz
Hirschberg
Liegnitz
Rural districts ()
Bunzlau
Fraustadt
Freystadt
Glogau
Gorlitz
Goldberg
Grunberg
Hirschberg
Hoyerswerda
Jauer
Landeshut
Lauban
Liegnitz
Lowenberg
Luben
Rothenburg
Sprottau
Education
National Colleges
Panstwowa Wyzsza Szkola Zawodowa w Legnicy
Politechnika Wroclawska (affiliate in Legnica)
Nauczycielskie Kolegium Jezykow Obcych w Legnicy
Not national Colleges
Wyzsza Szkola Medyczna w Legnicy
Wyzsza Szkola Menedzerska w Legnicy
Wyzsza Szkola Zarzadzania/ The Polish Open University
Papieski Wydzial Teologiczny we Wroclawiu
Wyzsze Seminarium Duchowne Diecezji Legnickiej
Secondary schools
I Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace
II Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace
III Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace
IV Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace
V Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace
VI Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace
VII Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace
Akademickie Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace
Katolickie Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace
Liceum Ogolnoksztalcace w Zespole Szkol Integracyjnych im. Piastow Slaskich
Zespol Szkol Budowlanych
Zespol Szkol Ekonomicznych
Zespol Szkol Elektryczno-Mechanicznych
Zespol Szkol Medycznych
Zespol Szkol Przemyslu Spozywczego
Zespol Szkol Rolniczych im. Wincentego Witosa
Zespol Szkol Samochodowych
Zespol Szkol Technicznych i Ogolnoksztalcacych im. H. Poboznego
Zespol Szkol Wlokienniczych
Junior highs
Gimnazjum nr 1
Gimnazjum nr 2
Gimnazjum nr 3
Gimnazjum nr 4
Gimnazjum nr 5
Gimnazjum nr 6
Gimnazjum nr 7
Gimnazjum nr 8
Gimnazjum nr 9
Gimnazjum nr 10
Gimnazjum nr 11
Gimnazjum nr 12
Gimnazjum nr 13
Gimnazjum nr 14
Gimnazjum im. sw. Franciszka z Asyzu
Gimnazjum Osrodka Szkolno-Wychowawczego
Prywatne Gimnazjum
Gimnazjum TWP (at I Liceum Ogolnoksztalce)
Primary schools
Szkola Podstawowa nr 1
Szkola Podstawowa nr 2
Szkola Podstawowa nr 4
Szkola Podstawowa nr 6
Szkola Podstawowa nr 7
Szkola Podstawowa nr 9
Szkola Podstawowa nr 10
Szkola Podstawowa nr 12 (belongs to borstal)
Szkola Podstawowa nr 13 (at welfare aid)
Szkola Podstawowa nr 16
Szkola Podstawowa nr 18
Szkola Podstawowa nr 19;
Szkola Podstawowa nr 20
Szkola Podstawowa Osrodka Szkolno-Wychowawczego
Szkola Podstawowa (private school)
Cities in Poland
Rafael Correa

Rafael Vicente Correa Delgado born April 6, 1963 in Guayaquil, was the 43rd President of Ecuador, and in 2009-2010 was the president pro tempore of the UNASUR.
Correa was elected President of Ecuador in late 2006 and took office in January 2007. In December 2008, he declared Ecuador's national debt illegitimate, based on the argument that it had been contracted by despotic prior regimes.
Correa's first term in office had been due to end on January 15, 2011, but the new approved constitution, written by the new National Assembly, called for general elections for April 26, 2009. In that election, Rafael Correa won in the first round with 51.9% of votes counted.
Early life
Rafael Correa was raised in a working class family from Guayaquil, the country's largest city. His father was Rafael Correa Icaza, born in the Province of Los Rios, Ecuador, 23 March 1934, and deceased 10 June 1995. His mother is Norma Delgado Rendon, born 1 September 1939. His parents had three more children: Fabricio Correa, Pierina Correa and Bernardita Correa.
He attended primary and secondary school in San Jose-La Salle School in Guayaquil. During his youth he was a boy scout. Correa met his future Vice President, Jorge Glas while they were scouts as youth.
During his secondary studies he was president of the Lasallian Student Cultural Association ("ACEL" in Spanish). Afterwards and based on his academic achievements, he was given a scholarship to study at the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil (UCSG in Spanish), a private higher education institution in Guayaquil, Ecuador, where he obtained an undergraduate degree in economics in 1987.
References
1963 births
Living people
Politicians from Guayaquil
Presidents of Ecuador
Antoine Bernède

Antoine Joseph Emmanuel Bernede (born 26 May 1999) is a French professional footballer. He plays as a midfielder for Austrian Bundesliga club Red Bull Salzburg.
Club career
Paris Saint-Germain
Bernede started his career with FC Solitaires Paris-Est and in 2012 he went on to Paris Saint-Germain. He made his professional debut on 4 August 2018 in the Trophee des Champions. He came in in the 74th minute for Thiago Silva in the 4-0 win against Monaco.
Red Bull Salzburg
On 6 February 2019 Bernede signed with Austrian Bundesliga club Red Bull Salzburg.
Personal life
Bernede's mother is Cameroonian and his father is French.
Honours
Paris Saint-Germain
Ligue 1: 2019
Trophee des Champions: 2018
Red Bull Salzburg
Austrian Bundesliga: 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022
Austrian Cup: 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022
References
Other websites
1999 births
Living people
French footballers
Association football midfielders
FC Red Bull Salzburg players
Cockfight

A cockfight is a blood sport between two or more roosters that is held inside a cockpit. The combatants, called gamecocks, are specially bred birds. Cockfights are called blood sports by animal welfare and animal rights groups due to trauma inflicted between the roosters. The sport is illegal in the United States (and a felony in thirty States).
Sports involving animals
Crime
Violence in sports
21 Jump Street (movie)

21 Jump Street is a 2012 American action criminal comedy movie starring Jonah Hill and Channing Tatum, scripted by Michael Bacall, and directed by Phil Lord and Chris Miller. The movie was produced by Stephen J. Cannell. Roger Ebert gave the movie 3 out of 4 stars.
It is followed by 22 Jump Street.
Release Dates
Other websites
2012 buddy movies
2012 comedy movies
2012 crime movies
2010s action comedy movies
2010s criminal comedy movies
American action comedy movies
American buddy comedy movies
American criminal comedy movies
Buddy action movies
2010s buddy comedy movies
Buddy cop movies
2010s English-language movies
Movies about drugs
Movies based on TV series
Proms in movies
American high school movies
American satirical movies
Columbia Pictures movies
MGM movies
Movies about police officers
Police comedy movies
Teen movies
Vellerot-lès-Vercel

Vellerot-les-Vercel is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
Inoka Ranaweera

Inoka Ranaweera is a cricketer from Sri Lanka. Inoka plays for the Sri Lanka women's national cricket team. She was born on February 18, 1986.
References
Other websites
1986 births
Living people
Sri Lankan cricketers
Baden

Baden is a historical state in south-west Germany.
The Margraviate of Baden () was made in 1112. From 1190 to 1771, Baden was broken up into different smaller states. When the Holy Roman Empire ended in 1806, the Margraviate of Baden became the larger and more powerful Grand Duchy of Baden (). After World War I ended in 1918, the monarchy in Baden ended so Baden became a republic.
After World War II ended in 1945, Baden was cut in half: the north half became part of Wurttemberg-Baden and the south half became South Baden. South Baden changed its name to "Baden" in 1947. Baden was one of the original states of the Federal Republic of Germany. In 1952, it joined with Wurttemberg-Baden and Wurttemberg-Hohenzollern to make the state of Baden-Wurttemberg.
Baden-Wurttemberg
Former states in Germany
1950s disestablishments in Germany
P.J.

P.J. is a 1968 American mystery movie directed by John Guillermin and starring George Peppard, Raymond Burr, Gayle Hunnicutt, Brock Peters, Wilfrid Hyde-White, Jason Evers, Susan Saint James. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.
Other websites
1968 movies
1960s mystery movies
American mystery movies
Movies directed by John Guillermin
Magnetic tape

Magnetic tape is a long and narrow strip of plastic that thin magnetic material is coated on. Nearly all recording tape is of this type, whether used for recording audio or video or computer data storage.
Magnetic tape recording uses magnetic tape which moves on a recording head. Electrical signals are fed to the recording head, inducing a pattern of magnetization similar to the signal. A playback head can then pick up the changes in magnetic field from the tape and convert it into an electrical signal.
Devices that record and playback audio and video using magnetic tape are generally called tape recorders and videotape recorders respectively. A device that stores computer data on magnetic tape can be called a tape drive, a tape unit, or a streamer. Autoloaders and tape libraries are frequently used to automate cartridge handling.
History
Magnetic tape was first invented for recording sound by Fritz Pfleumer in 1928 in Germany. Pfleumer's invention used an iron oxide(Fe2O3) powder coating on a long strip of paper.
Magnetic tape has been used for data storage for over 50 years. In this time, many advances in tape have been made. Modern magnetic tape is most commonly packaged in cartridges and cassettes.
Today, many other technologies like CD or DVD are replacing magnetic tape. However, innovation in the technology continues and tape is still widely used.
Strength and Weakness
When storing large amounts of data, tape can be cheaper than disk or other data storage options. Tape storage has always been used with large computer systems. Modern usage is a high capacity medium for backups and archives. As of 2019, the highest capacity tape cartridge can store 330 TB of data without using compression.
Magnetic tape data storage uses the Sequential access method for reading data. Tape has a longer access time than disk for random accesses since the deck must wind the tape to move from one location to another.
Related pages
Audio cassette
Electrical engineering
Floppy disk
Other websites
History of Tape Recording Technology
VidiPax Audio Format Guide
References
Storage devices
Polo Grounds

The Polo Grounds was a sports stadium in New York City. It was actually the name of four different stadiums, which were all located in New York. The first Polo Grounds was the home of the New York Metropolitans baseball team from 1880 to 1885, and the New York Giants also played there. When this stadium was destroyed in 1889, the Giants moved to a new stadium, which they also called the Polo Grounds. Finally, in 1890, the Giants moved to the final version of the Polo Grounds, where they stayed until 1957. The New York Mets played at the Polo Grounds for two years after the Giants moved to San Francisco. The New York Giants and New York Jets football teams also played at the Polo Grounds, and the New York Yankees played there before Yankee Stadium was built. The Polo Grounds was torn down in 1964, and apartment buildings are now on the site.
Baseball stadiums
Former Major League Baseball venues
Sports buildings in New York City
New York Mets
San Francisco Giants
Buildings and structures in Manhattan
Krishna Lal Maharjan

Krishna Lal Maharjan (born December 15, 1954) is a Nepalese politician who serves as the Member Of The House Of Representatives (Nepal). He was elected from Lalitpur-2, Province No. 3. He is a member of the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist).
References
1954 births
Living people
Nepalese politicians
Topic sentence

Topic sentence is a term in grammar. It applies to expository writing. Expository writing is a type of writing where the purpose is to explain, inform, or even describe.
A topic sentence is usually the first in a paragraph. It states the main idea in a paragraph. In this way, it helps the reader to understand what follows. So, for example, a sentence like "Minor planets are smaller than major planets, and have orbits further out than the orbit of Neptune" could be followed by details of the minor planets. Often topic sentences do a similar job to summaries.
References
Sentences
List of Armenian states, dynasties, countries and territories

This list is a list of Armenian states, dynasties, countries and territories.
Antiquity and Medieval
Kingdom of Urartu* (860 BC-590 BC) - Armenians are the heirs of the Urartians. A. E. Redgate says that the Urartians are the "most easily identifiable" ancestors of the Armenians. Philip D. Curtin defined the Kingdom of Urartu as an Armenian kingdom.
Kingdom of Armenia (321 BC-428 AD)
Heraclian dynasty (610-695) - Heraclius, the founder of the dynasty, was probably of wholly or partly Armenian descent.
Principality of Hamamshen (790-1486)
Macedonian dynasty (867-1056) - Basil I, the founder of the dynasty, was probably of wholly or partly Armenian descent. The tenure of that dynasty (9th to the 11th centuries) is considered the apex of Armenian dominance in the political and military structure of the empire.
Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia (885-1045)
Kingdom of Vaspurakan (908-1021)
Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget (979-1118)
Kingdom of Vanand (963-1064)
Kingdom of Syunik (987-1170)
Kingdom of Artsakh (1000-1261)
Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
Modern period
Melikdoms of Karabakh (1603-1822) semi-independent, short time full-independent
Zeitun (1618-1915) semi-independent
First Republic of Armenia (1918-1920)
Karabakh Council (1918-1920)
Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (1920-1991)
Republic of Mountainous Armenia (1921-1921)
Territories
Some criteria:
Territory are most or a significant part of the population is Armenian.
The official language of the territory or the mother tongue of a significant part of it is Armenian.
List
Satrapy of Armenia (550 BC-321 BC)
Province of Armenia (114 AD-118 AD)
Sasanian Armenia (428 AD-646 AD)
Armeniac Theme (640s/660s AD-1073 AD)
Ostikanate of Arminiya (654 AD-884 AD)
Ottoman Empire
Bitlis Vilayet (1875-1923) - 39,78% Armenian in 1914
Van Vilayet (1875-1922) - 32,59% Armenian in 1914
Erzurum Vilayet (1867-1923) - 26,97% Armenian in 1914
Mamuret-ul-Aziz Vilayet (1879-1922) - 21,24% Armenian in 1914
Sivas Vilayet (1867-1922) - 15,56% Armenian in 1914
Diyarbekir Vilayet (1867-1922) - 14,64% Armenian in 1914
Russian Empire
Armenian Oblast (1828-1840)
Erivan Governorate (1849-1917) - 59,80% Armenian in 1916
Elisabethpol Governorate (1867-1920) - 32,85% Armenian in 1916
Tiflis Governorate (1846-1917) - 27,95% Armenian in 1916
Kars Oblast (1878-1917) - 32,46% Armenian in 1916
Soviet Union
Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (1923-1991) - 76.9% Armenian in 1989
Current
Republic of Armenia (1991)
Republic of Artsakh (1991) - unrecognized, consiered as part of Azerbaijan
References
Sources
Armenia
Notes
History of Armenia
Albán Vermes

Alban Vermes (19 June 1957 - 3 February 2021) was a Hungarian swimmer. He participated at the 1980 Summer Olympics, winning a silver medal in 200 metre breaststroke. He was born in Eger, Hungary.
Vermes died on 3 February 2021, aged 63.
References
1957 births
2021 deaths
Hungarian swimmers
Hungarian Olympic silver medalists
Loculi

Loculi (Locula) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 517 people lived there. Its area is 38.15 km2. It is 26 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Megalibgwilia

Megalibgwilia is a genus of echidna only known from fossils from Australia, it contains the oldest known echidna species.
References
Long, J., Archer, M., Flannery, T. and Hand, S. 2002. Prehistoric Mammals of Australia and New Guinea: One Hundred Million Years of Evolution. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp 45-47.
Griffiths, M., Wells, R.T., and Barrie, D.J. 1991. Observations on the skulls of fossil and extant echidnas (Monotremata:Tachyglossidae),. Australian Mammalology 14:87-101
Monotremes
Konstantin Rokossovsky

Konstanty Rokossovsky, Polish: Konstanty Rokossowski, (21 December 1896 in Warsaw - 3 August 1968 in Moscow) was a Marshall of the Soviet Union (1944), a marshall of Poland (1949), and twice a Hero of the Soviet Union (1944, 1945).
In World War II he commanded an army in the Moscow battle, Bryansk, and Donskoy fronts (in the Stalingrad battle).
References
1896 births
1968 deaths
Polish communist politicians
Politicians from Warsaw
Soviet generals
Soviet military personnel of World War II
Holes (novel)

Holes is a novel written by Louis Sachar. It was published on August 20, 1998 by Farrar, Straus and Giroux, with cover art by Vladimir Radunsky. It won the Newbery Medal in 1999.
The novel is about Stanley Yelnats, a 15-year old boy who is sent by mistake to a camp for young criminals. At the camp, boys must dig 5 foot wide and 5 foot deep holes in a dried up lake in the middle of a hot desert. Stanley starts to have suspicions that the camp's warden is looking for something. This story is told alongside two others stories: one about Stanley's great-great-grandfather, and another about the area where the camp is located. These side stories include links to the present including some of the characters ancestors.
In 2003, Disney released a movie also titled Holes which was based on this novel. Holes was directed by Andrew Davis and written by the author of Holes himself, Louis Sachar. In 2006, Sachar also published a companion novel called Small Steps, which is about two of the side characters from Holes. The movie is currently found on Disney+.
References
1998 books
English-language novels
20th-century American novels
Children's books
Newbery Medal winning books
Texas in fiction
Young adult novels
F. Ray Keyser Jr.

Frank Ray Keyser (August 17, 1927 - March 7, 2015) was an American lawyer and politician from Vermont. He served as Speaker of the Vermont House of Representatives from 1959 to 1961, and 72nd Governor of Vermont from 1961 to 1963.
References
1927 births
2015 deaths
Governors of Vermont
Republican Party (United States) politicians
I WiSH

I WISH was a Japanese music group. Members were: ai and nao. Ai is the vocal and plays piano. Nao plays piano and keyboard. They were famous for "Asueno Tobira", but this group ended in 2005.
Other websites
I WISH Official site
Japanese musical groups
Musical groups established in 2002
2000s establishments in Japan
2002 establishments in Asia
Musical groups disestablished in 2005
2005 disestablishments
2000s disestablishments in Japan
Japanese pop music groups
Shigeki Kurata

Shigeki Kurata (born 22 June 1972) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1995||rowspan="7"|Cerezo Osaka||rowspan="7"|J. League 1||27||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||27||1
|-
|1996||19||0||1||0||8||1||28||1
|-
|1997||10||0||0||0||4||0||14||0
|-
|1998||18||0||1||0||3||0||22||0
|-
|1999||24||0||2||0||4||0||30||0
|-
|2000||27||1||3||0||4||0||34||1
|-
|2001||16||1||4||0||2||0||22||1
|-
|2002||rowspan="3"|Avispa Fukuoka||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||27||1||4||0||colspan="2"|-||31||1
|-
|2003||30||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||32||0
|-
|2004||29||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||29||0
227||4||17||0||25||1||269||5
227||4||17||0||25||1||269||5
|}
References
1972 births
Living people
Footballers from Kyoto
Province of Cremona

Cremona is a province in the region of Lombardy in Italy.
Cremona
Raymond Kopa

Raymond Kopa (Raymond Kopaszewski; 13 October 1931 - 3 March 2017) was a professional French football player. He has played for France national team and for Real Madrid.
In 1970 he became the first football player to receive the Legion d'honneur, and in 2004, Pele named him one of the 125 Greatest Living Footballers at a FIFA Awards Ceremony.
Early life
Kopa was born to a family of Polish immigrants in Noeux-les-Mines, France.
Career
After finishing second in the French national youth football trials in 1949, Kopa began his professional career at the age of 17 with SCO Angers in Ligue 2 and was transferred two years later to Reims, with whom he won French championships in 1953 and 1955.
He won the 1953 Latin Cup with Stade de Reims, where they defeated AC Milan 3-0 in the final, and helped them reach the 1956 European Cup Final, which the team lost to Alfredo Di Stefano's Real Madrid, 4-3.
Kopa was also the first French player to win the European Cup when Madrid defeated Fiorentina 2-0 in the 1957 final. He would go on to be European champion again in 1958 and 1959, the last against former side Stade de Reims, where Just Fontaine played.
In the 1959-60 season, Kopa returned to France to finish his career with Reims, where he won further Championnats in 1960 and 1962. In total, he scored 75 goals in 346 matches in France's top flight, and was given the Ballon d'or by France Football in 1958.
With the France national football team, Kopa scored 18 goals in 45 games between 1952 and 1962. He played in the 1958 FIFA World Cup in Sweden.
Death
Kopa died in Angers, France on 3 March 2017, aged 85.
Club career statistics
|-
|1949/50||rowspan="2"|Angers||rowspan="2"|Division 2||30||7
|-
|1950/51||30||8
|-
|1951/52||rowspan="5"|Stade Reims||rowspan="5"|Division 1||33||8
|-
|1952/53||33||13
|-
|1953/54||31||11
|-
|1954/55||31||11
|-
|1955/56||30||5
|-
|1956/57||rowspan="3"|Real Madrid||rowspan="3"|La Liga||22||6
|-
|1957/58||27||8
|-
|1958/59||30||10
|-
|1959/60||rowspan="8"|Stade Reims||rowspan="5"|Division 1||36||14
|-
|1960/61||30||5
|-
|1961/62||30||2
|-
|1962/63||34||1
|-
|1963/64||25||5
|-
|1964/65||rowspan="2"|Division 2||29||3
|-
|1965/66||27||3
|-
|1966/67||Division 1||33||3
522||114
79||24
601||138
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1952||5||2
|-
|1953||6||3
|-
|1954||6||4
|-
|1955||6||4
|-
|1956||1||0
|-
|1957||0||0
|-
|1958||7||4
|-
|1959||4||0
|-
|1960||3||1
|-
|1961||3||0
|-
|1962||4||0
|-
!Total||45||18
|}
References
Other websites
French Football Federation profile
L'Equipe stats
FootballDatabase profile and stats
European Champions Cup/UEFA Champions League Winning Squads
Interview on uefa.com
1931 births
2017 deaths
French footballers
Ballon d'Or winners
Sparta, Wisconsin

Sparta is a city in Monroe County, Wisconsin, United States. It is on the La Crosse River. Sparta is the seat of Monroe County. As of July 2011, 9,602 people lived there.
Geography
The city has a total area of . Of this, is land and is water.
Climate
Sparta's location gives the area a temperate, continental climate. The warmest month of the year is July. In July, the average high temperature is 85degF (29degC). The average low temperature is 63degF (18degC). January is the coldest month. In January, the high temperatures averages 26degF (-4degC) and the low temperatures is about 6degF (-14degC)
Notable people
Larry Baumel, NASCAR
Kathryn F. Clarenbach - the co-founder of NOW, the National Organization of Women
James Gillett, Governor of California
Ben Lawrence - NFL player
Tim Schendel - NASCAR driver
Deke Slayton - astronaut
References
Other websites
City of Sparta
Deke Slayton Museum
Cities in Wisconsin
Monroe County, Wisconsin
County seats in Wisconsin
British Association for Applied Linguistics

The British Association for Applied Linguistics (BAAL) is an academic society. Members are professional applied linguists, language teachers, and other people interested in these topics. BAAL is in the United Kingdom. BAAL has more than 800 members. They meet at different places in the UK. The association publishes conference proceedings and a regular newsletter. It also gives scholarships to students. Tess Fitzpatrick, Professor of Applied Linguistics in the Centre for Language and Communication Research at Cardiff University, is the chair from 2015-2018.
BAAL's Annual Meeting happens every September in the UK. BAAL is part of the Association Internationale de Linguistique Appliquee (International Association of Applied Linguistics, AILA). In the UK, it is a registered charity. BAAL meetings usually have a theme.The theme of the 40th conference at the University of Edinburgh was 'Technology, Ideology and Practice in Applied Linguistics'.
History
The association started in the 1960s. At that time, more people were becoming interested in the new science of modern linguistics and they were especially interested in practical results. One important area of applied linguistics is language teaching and learning. Also at this time, the European Union was becoming more important, so people in Europe needed better language teaching.
Peter Strevens, the Chair in Applied Linguistics at the University of Essex first had the idea to start BAAL. At a meeting at Birkbeck College in July 1965, the original idea for BAAL was to study mainly language teaching and machine translation. However, at the first full meeting in 1967 in Reading, Berkshire the group decided to study many different topics. BAAL became the UK member of AILA, and Pit Corder was its first Chair. At first, membership was only for academics because BAAL wanted people to think it was a group of experts, not a teachers' meeting. However, by the early 1970s it became easier to join BAAL. Since 1985, anyone can join. There are no requirements to become a member. In 1980, the Association began to publish a journal called, Applied Linguistics.
References
British Association for Applied Linguistics (1997) Notes on the History of the British Association for Applied Linguistics 1967-1997.
Trim J (1988) Applied Linguistics in Society. In Grunwell P (ed.) Applied Linguistics in Society: British Studies in Applied Linguistics 3. London: Centre for Information on Language Teaching and Research. .
Other websites
British Association for Applied Linguistics - official site
Applied Linguistics - journal published by Oxford University Press, in collaboration with BAAL, the American Association for Applied Linguistics and the International Association for Applied Linguistics
Related pages
Applied linguistics
Language acquisition
Linguistics
1960s establishments in the United Kingdom
Linguistics organizations
Organisations based in England
Dobbs Ferry, New York

Dobbs Ferry is a village in Westchester County, New York. The population was 11,093 according to the 2016 census. The Village of Dobbs Ferry is located in, and is a part of, the town of Greenburgh.
References
Villages in New York (state)
Used Cars

Used Cars is a 1980 American black comedy movie directed by Robert Zemeckis and starring Kurt Russell, Jack Warden, Gerrit Graham, Frank McRae, Cheryl Rixon, Alfonso Arau, Deborah Harmon, Michael McKean. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
Release dates
Other websites
1980 comedy movies
1980s black comedy movies
American black comedy movies
Movies directed by Robert Zemeckis
Columbia Pictures movies
Rex Allen

Rex Elvie Allen (December 31, 1920 - December 17, 1999), known as "the Arizona Cowboy", was an American film and television actor, singer and songwriter; he was also the narrator of many Disney nature and Western productions. For his contributions to the film industry, Allen received a motion pictures star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1975, located at 6821 Hollywood Boulevard. He died on December 17, 1999, two weeks before his 79th birthday.
References
Enrico Maccioni

Enrico Maccioni (born 9 January 1940 in Florence), Italian painter of contemporary art.
Paintings in museums
Galleria degli Uffizi, Uffizi.
Bibliography
Monograph, Enrico Maccioni, Laudes creaturarum quas beatus Franciscus ad laudem Dei fecit Henricus Maccionus nigro humillime commentatus est lapillo, Florentiae, P. Benveduti, 1965.
Monograph, Disegni/Enrico Maccioni, Roma, Grafiche SIGAP.
Catalog, Mostra antologica del pittore Enrico Maccioni, Cagliari : Galleria d'arte La Porta d'oro, 1968.
Catalog, Disegni e pitture di Enrico Maccioni, Mino Borghi.
Personal exhibition by Enrico Maccioni e di Clara Maccioni Branca, dal 18 al 30 gennaio 1951, Gabinetto delle Stampe "Anna Marongiu Pernis".
Monopgraph, Enrico Maccioni, by Aurelio T. Prete, Accademia internazionale per l'unita della cultura, stampa 1981.
References
Other websites
Enrico Maccioni on Exibart.com
Le opere d'Arte dell'artista Enrico Maccioni, on Youtube.
1940 births
Italian painters
Living people
Cerreto Castello

Cerreto Castello is a frazione of Quaregna Cerreto in the Province of Biella in the Piedmont region in Italy.
Former municipalities of Piedmont
Brélidy

Brelidy is a commune. It is found in the region Bretagne in the Cotes-d'Armor department in the west of France.
Communes in Cotes-d'Armor
Adolf Mathis

Adolf Mathis (22 May 1938 - 19 February 2021) was a Swiss alpine skier. He competed at the 1960 Winter Olympics and the 1964 Winter Olympics. He was born in Wolfenschiessen, Switzerland.
Mathis died on 19 February 2021, aged 82.
References
1938 births
2021 deaths
Swiss Olympians
Swiss skiers
Allaines

Allaines is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
Geography
The commune is about northeast of Saint-Quentin.
Communes in Somme
Loiching

Loiching is a municipality in the district of Dingolfing-Landau in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Dingolfing-Landau
Lunar meteorite

A lunar meteorite is a meteorite that is known to have come from the Moon. A meteorite hitting the Moon is normally classified as a transient lunar phenomenon.
References
Meteorites
Jana Pidrmanová

Jana Pidrmanova (born March 17, 1985, Cheb) is a Czech theatre and film actress.
Biography
She spent her childhood in Frantiskovy Lazne and graduated from a hotel high school. After graduation she studied at the Theatre Faculty of the Academy of Performing Arts (DAMU) from 2004 to 2008. Some of her teachers were Eva Salzmannova, Alois Svehlik, Jan Nebesky and Daria Ullrichova. She also studied special education at the University of Hradec Kralove. After graduating from the Theatre Faculty of the Academy of Performing Arts (DAMU), she first performed at the South Bohemian Theater (Jihoceske divadlo, Ceske Budejovice) and since 2009 has been performing at the National Theater in Prague.
Selected theatre roles
2008 Hadar Galron: Mikve, Tehila, Stavovske divadlo, dir. Michal Docekal
2010 David Harrower: Blackbird, Una, Divadlo Kolovrat, dir. Jiri Pokorny
2011 William Shakespeare: Zkroceni zle zeny, Bianco, Vdova, Narodni divadlo, dir. Martin Cicvak
2011 William Shakespeare: Kral Lear, Regan, Narodni divadlo, dir. Jan Nebesky
2012 Moliere: Pan z Praseckova, Julie, Stavovske divadlo, dir. Hana Buresova
2013 F. F. Samberk: Jedenacte prikazani, Julie, Stavovske divadlo, dir. David Drabek
2014 Josef Capek, Karel Capek: Ze zivota hmyzu, Inzenyr moderatorka, Jeho larvicka, Mravenec, Narodni divadlo, dir. Daniel Spinar
2014 William Shakespeare: Othello, benatsky mourenin, Bianco, Stavovske divadlo, dir. Daniel Spinar
2015 Mike Bartlett: Zemetreseni v Londyne, Freya, Nova scena, dir. Daniel Spinar
2015 Ondrej Havelka, Martin Vackar: V rytmu swingu busi srdce me, Zdenka, a mnohe jine, Narodni divadlo, dir. Ondrej Havelka
2015 Maurice Maeterlinck: Modry ptak, Svetlo, Noc, Dcerka, Stavovske divadlo, dir. Stepan Pacl
2016 Vitezslav Nezval: Manon Lescaut, Manon, Narodni divadlo, dir. Daniel Spinar
2016 A. P. Cechov: Tri sestry, Masa, Stavovske divadlo, dir. Daniel Spinar
Selected film roles
References
Other websites
Jana Pidrmanova in Czech National Theater Archive
Jana Pidrmanova on Cesko-Slovenska filmova databaze (Czechoslovak film database)
Jana Pidrmanova on Filmova databaze (Film database)
Jana Pidrmanova on IMDb
1985 births
Living people
Czech stage actors
Czech movie actors
Czech television actors
Swimming at the 1922 Women's Olympiad – 100 metre freestyle

The 100 m freestyle event at the 1922 Women's Olympiad was held on 21 April 1922. The venue of the competition was the Port Hercules, the harbour of Monte Carlo, Monaco. The race was held on a sunny day.
Results
Heats
Only the winner of each heat continued to the final. There were five heats.
Sources:
Final
The Swedish Aina Berg took clearly the lead from the start and won the race. It was described she had a very good stroke. The seventeen years old Carin Nilsson, also from Sweden, finished second. The Belgian Germaine van Dievoet finished third. The Dutch Rie Beisenherz was not in shape, seemed tired and finished in fifth place, behind the French Ernestine Lebrun.
Sources:
References
1922 in sports
Monaco
Women's sports
1922 in Europe
Swimming