pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Justice Party (India)

The Justice Party, officially the South Indian Liberal Federation, was a political party in the Madras Presidency of British India. It was established in 1917 by T. M. Nair and P. Theagaraya Chetty as a result of a series of non-Brahmin conferences and meetings in the presidency. Communal division between Brahmins and non-Brahmins began in the presidency during the late-19th and early-20th century, mainly due to caste prejudices and disproportionate Brahminical representation in government jobs.
Elections Conducted and aftermath
In 1920, it won the first direct elections in the presidency and formed the government. For the next seventeen years, it formed four out of the five ministries and was in power for thirteen years. It was the main political alternative to the nationalist Indian National Congress in Madras. After it lost to the Congress in the 1937 election, it never recovered. It came under the leadership of Periyar E. V. Ramaswamy and his Self-Respect Movement. In 1944, Periyar transformed the Justice Party into the social organisation Dravidar Kazhagam and withdrew it from electoral politics. A rebel faction that called itself the original Justice Party, survived to contest one final election, in 1952.
Ideology
The Justice Party was isolated in contemporary Indian politics by its many controversial activities. It opposed Brahmins in civil service and politics, and this anti-Brahmin attitude shaped many of its ideas and policies. It opposed Annie Besant and her Home rule movement, because it believed home rule would benefit the Brahmins. The party also campaigned against the non-cooperation movement in the presidency. It was at odds with M. K. Gandhi, primarily due to his praise for Brahminism. Its mistrust of the Brahmin-dominated Congress led it to adopt a hostile stance toward the Indian independence movement. Although it professed to represent all non-Brahmins, the Justice Party eventually lost the support of Muslims and Untouchables, who accused it of serving the interests of only a few castes like Vellalars (Mudaliars, Pillais), Balija Naidus, Beri Chettis, Kapus and Kammas.
The Justice Party's power period is remembered for the introduction of caste-based reservations, and educational and religious reform. In opposition it is remembered for participating in the anti-Hindi agitations of 1937-40. The party was responsible for creating Andhra and Annamalai universities and for developing the area around present-day Theagaroya Nagar in Madras city.
References
Madras Presidency
Piri Reis map

The Piri Reis map is a map of the world drawn on a parchment of gazelle skin by a Turk named Piri Reis (Hadji Muhiddin Piri Ibn Hadji Mehmed) in 1513. This map has been used to support claims for a pre-modern exploration of Antarctica.
Sources
Cartography
Cheka

The Cheka was the first Soviet state security organization. It was created on 20 December 1917, after a decree issued by Vladimir Lenin. Its first leader was Polish aristocrat-turned-communist Felix Dzerzhinsky.
History
By late 1918, hundreds of Cheka committees had been created in the cities. Many thousands of dissidents, deserters, or other people were arrested, tortured or executed by Cheka groups. After 1922, Cheka groups underwent many reorganizations, as did the NKVD.
From its start, the Cheka was an important military and security arm of the Bolshevik communist government. In 1921 the troops of the Cheka numbered 200,000. These troops policed and ran the Gulag system; "requisitioned" food; tortured and executed political opponents; put down rebellions and riots by workers or peasants, and mutinies in the desertion-plagued Red Army.
Cheka was succeeded by OGPU in 1922, but its members were still called Chekists.
Name
The full name of the Cheka in 1918 was (in Russian) the "All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution, Profiteering and Corruption".
A member of Cheka was called a "chekist" throughout the Soviet period, despite various official name changes. The term is still found in use in Russia today. For example, President Vladimir Putin has been referred to in the Russian media as a "chekist" due to his career in the KGB.
References
Soviet intelligence agencies
1917 establishments in Europe
1910s establishments in the Soviet Union
Salmon P. Chase

Salmon Portland Chase (January 13, 1808 - May 7, 1873) was an American politician and jurist who was U.S. Senator from Ohio and the 23rd Governor of Ohio; as U.S. Treasury Secretary under President Abraham Lincoln; and as the sixth Chief Justice of the United States. He was one of the most famous Republicans of his time.
Chase was born on January 13, 1808 in Cornish, New Hampshire. He was raised in Windsor, Vermont and Worthington, Ohio. He studied at Cincinnati College and in Dartmouth College. Chase was married to Katherine Garmiss from 1834 until they divorced. Then he was married to Eliza Ann Smith from 1839 until they divorced. Then he was married to Sarah Dunlop from 1846 until his death in 1873. He had six daughters. Chase died on May 7, 1873 in New York City, New York from an illness, aged 65.
References
Other websites
The Life of Salmon P. Chase, Attorney General of Fugitive Slaves.
The Salmon P. Chase papers, including correspondence and a myriad of biographical materials spanning the years 1820-1884, are available for research use at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
Mr. Lincoln and Freedom: Salmon P. Chase
Eulogy on Chief-Justice Chase, delivered by William M. Evarts, 1874
Booknotes interview with John Niven on Salmon P. Chase: A Biography, May 28, 1995.
1808 births
1873 deaths
Chief Justices of the United States
United States Secretaries of the Treasury
Governors of Ohio
United States senators from Ohio
Politicians from New Hampshire
Politicians from Vermont
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Lawyers from Ohio
Lawyers from Vermont
Lawyers from New Hampshire
BBC World News

BBC World News is an international news television channel. Unlike other BBC channels, it is not available in the United Kingdom. It is not funded by a licence fee. Instead it has advertisements. BBC World News employs more correspondents and reporters than any other news channel. The channel was launched in 1991.
References
BBC television channels
1991 establishments
Monbetsu, Hokkaido

Monbetsu is a city in Hokkaido, Japan. It is on the shore of the Sea of Okhotsk.
Other websites
Cities in Hokkaido
La Limouzinière

La Limouziniere is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Oulchy-la-Ville

Oulchy-la-Ville is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Some Girls (movie)

Some Girls is a 1988 coming of age romantic comedy drama movie directed by Michael Hoffman and stars Patrick Dempsey, Jennifer Connelly, Sheila Kelley. It was distributed by United Artists. Some Girls was released in the United States on September 9, 1988.
Other websites
1988 comedy-drama movies
1988 romance movies
American romantic comedy movies
American romantic drama movies
Movies directed by Michael Hoffman
Villeblevin

Villeblevin is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Gabriela Michetti

Marta Gabriela Michetti Illia (; born 28 May 1965) is an Argentine politician. She was the 36th Vice President of Argentina from 10 December 2015 through 10 December 2019 alongside President Mauricio Macri. Her and Isabel Martinez de Peron, are the only women to hold the office.
Michetti is member of the Republican Proposal (PRO) and Cambiemos (Let's change) coalition. She was Deputy Chief of Government in Buenos Aires from 2009 to 2013, working with then-Mayor Macri. He was Senator for Buenos Aires since 2013 to 2016.
She is great-grandniece of former President of Argentina, Dr. Arturo Umberto Illia.
References
1965 births
Living people
Vice presidents of Argentina
Politicians from Buenos Aires
Passaic County, New Jersey

Passaic County is a county in New Jersey, United States. It had a population of 524,118 in 2020. Its county seat is Paterson. Passaic County was created on February 7, 1837. It is near New York City. A city, Passaic, is named after the county.
References
19th-century establishments in New Jersey
1837 establishments in the United States
New Jersey counties
ABCDEFU

"ABCDEFU" is a song by American singer-songwriter Gayle, released on August 13, 2021, by Art House Records and Atlantic Records. The song was written by Gayle, Sara Davis, and Dave Pittenger, while it was produced by Pete Nappi.
The song peaked at number 15 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the US.
Charts
References
2021 songs
Pop rock songs
Kiyomizu-dera

Kiyomizu-dera () is a Buddhist temple in eastern Kyoto, Japan. It is registered as a World Heritage Site as part of Historic Monuments of Ancient Kyoto.
World Heritage Sites in Japan
Buddhist temples in Japan
Kyoto
8th-century buildings and structures
Lake Neuchâtel

Lake Neuchatel (; ) is a lake in western Switzerland. The lake is mainly in the canton of Neuchatel, but is also part of Vaud, Fribourg, and Berne. Lake Geneva and Lake of Constance are larger, but the part of them that is in Switzerland is smaller. Lake Neuchatel is the largest lake entirely in Switzerland. It is the 59th largest lake in Europe. Tourism is important near the lake. Also, wine is made there (mainly white wine). The city of Neuchatel, on the lake, is known for watch-making, and tapestries called Indiennes.
Other websites
Waterlevels at the Harbour of Neuchatel from the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment
Lakes of Bern
Canton of Fribourg
Vaud
Canton of Neuchatel
Captain Gallant of the Foreign Legion

Captain Gallant of the Foreign Legion is a television series starring Buster Crabbe, his son Cullen Crabbe, and Fuzzy Knight. It aired from 1955 to 1957. The series is about a captain in the French Foreign Legion who fights bandits in North Africa.
1950s television series
Kleve (district)

Kleve Rural District or Kreis Kleve is a local-government district in northwestern North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
The district was created in 1975 when the former districts of Kleve and Geldern were joined with the towns of Emmerich and Rees from Rees District and the municipality of Rheurdt from Moers District .
Coat of arms
Towns and municipalities
References
Other websites
Official website (German)
Point mutation

A point mutation is a single base substitution. It is the smallest type of mutation possible.
In a point mutation, either:
a single base nucleotide is changed for another nucleotide of the genetic material (normally DNA), or
a single base pair is inserted or deleted.
A nonsense mutation is a point mutation in a DNA sequence that leads to an early stop codon. This appears as a nonsense codon in the transcribed mRNA. Most of the time, the protein that is translated from this mRNA does not work.
References
Genetics
DNA
Addis Ababa

Addis Ababa (spelled Addis Abeba by the Ethiopian Mapping Institute, also called Finfinne) is the capital city of Ethiopia. It is also the political capital of the African Union and the Oromia region of Ethiopia.
History
Addis Ababa is both a city and a state. The city has people living in it from as many as 40 different countries speaking 80 different languages. There are many different communities in the city including Christian, Muslim, and Jewish communities. Addis Ababa is about 2,500 m above sea level. It has about five million people.
The site was chosen by Empress Taytu Betul. The city was founded in 1886 by her husband, Emperor Menelik II. The city is at the foot of Mount Entoto. In 1935 the city (renamed Addis Abeba) was conquered by the Italians and was made the capital of their empire in eastern Africa until 1941. Italians made huge improvements and modern projects to the city.
The city has grown since World War II and is now a huge metropolis that has nearly 09.98 million people living there as of 2019.
Addis Ababa University is in the city. Addis Ababa University was formerly known as Haile Selassie I University. It was named after the former Emperor of Ethiopia, who gave his palace to be used the main campus of the university in 1961.
References
Bibliography
Related pages
Italian Mogadiscio
Piccola Roma
Italian Tripoli
Other websites
Addis Ababa City Administration
Addis Ababa City Council
Introduction to Addis Ababa
Picture of Addis Ababa
1886 establishments
19th-century establishments in Africa
Regions of Ethiopia
Norilsk

Norilsk is a city in Krasnoyarsk Krai in Siberia, with almost 180,000 people. It lies about north of the arctic circle, and over north of Krasnoyarsk. There are many ore deposits in the region, especially nickel and copper. Mining ore is linked to heavy pollution of the environment. Norilsk was founded in 1935 as a site of industry, to be able to mine the ore. In 1939, the decision was taken to also build a city. Norilsk got the status of a city in 1953.
Norilsk is the northernmost city with more than 100.000 inhabitants. It is the second largest city within the arctic circle, only Murmansk is larger. Norilsk and Yakutsk are the only large cities built in the continuous permafrost zone. This means that even in summer, the ground remains frozen.
The nickel deposits of Norilsk-Talnakh are the largest-known nickel-copper-palladium deposits in the world. The smelting of the nickel ore is directly responsible for severe pollution, which generally comes in the form of acid rain and smog. By some estimates, one percent of global sulfur dioxide emission comes from Norilsk's nickel mines.
Norilsk is a closed city. This means that a special permit is needed to be able to travel to Norilsk. This permit is issued both by the Russian government, and the local mining comany. Foreigners usually do not get this permit.
Religion
Most people in Norilsk are Christian: They belong to the Russian Orthodox Church. There is a Russian Orthodox Cathedral, and several churches of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church. In 1998, a mosque was built for the local Tatar community: It is considered to be the northernmost Muslim prayer house in the world.
Transportation
Norilsk can only be reached by airplane, or by boat.There is a railway line, which connects the city to Dudinka, on the river Yenisei. The airport lies about west of the ciry. Dudinka is about to the west. It is a large port on the river Yenisei. While at first, there was only the railway, a road to Dudinka has been built. The raiway now only handles freight.
May 2020 incident
On 29 May 2020 a fuel reservoir collapsed, flooding the nearby Ambarnaya River with 20,000 tonnes of diesel fuel. The reservoir was the property of the local mining company, a Nornickel subsidiary, NTEK. Russian president Vladimir Putin declared a state of emergency. The fuel was a reserve used as a backup for the main gas supply to a power plant. The storage tank was built on permafrost. According to a statement by the company, the permafrost could possibly have melted and become unstable because of climate change. An area of 350 square kilometres (135 square miles) has been contaminated. It will be difficult to clean this because there are no roads and the river is too shallow for boats and barges. Oleg Mitvol estimates that the clean-up will cost about 100 billion rubles (1.5 billion US$) and take 5-10 years.
References
Cities and towns in Krasnoyarsk Krai
Saint-Martin-du-Tertre, Val-d'Oise

Saint-Martin-du-Tertre is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France. It was first mentioned in 1170 as Sanctus Martinus de Colle.
References
Communes in Val-d'Oise
No Me Ames

"No Me Ames" (English: "Don't Love Me") is a song by Jennifer Lopez and Marc Anthony. It is a Spanish cover of an Italian song called "Non Amarmi".
Formats and track listings
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Credits and personnel
The credits are adapted from the On the 6 liner notes.
Giancarlo Bigazzi - songwriter
Aleandro Baldi - songwriter
Marco Falagiani - songwriter
Ignacio Ballesteros - songwriter (Spanish adaption)
Jennifer Lopez - lead vocals
Marc Anthony - lead vocals
Ballad version
Konesha Owens - background vocals
Claytoven Richardson - background vocals
Dan Shea - keyboard, programming, vocal recording engineer, pro-tools editing
Dean Parks - nylon & Steel String Guitar
Michaal Landau - electric guitar
Tropical remix
Emilio Estefan - executive producer
Dan Shea - vocal producer, keyboard, rhythm programming
Juan Vincente Zambrano - producer, arrangement, programming, keyboard
Jose Miguel Velasquez - background vocals
Lena Perez - background vocals
Ximera DePombo - background vocals
Jorges Velaro - background vocals
Manual Lopez - guitar
Salvador Cuevas - bass
Edwin Bonilla - percussion
Archie Pena - percussion
Douglas Guevara - bongo, Congo
Herman "Teddy" Mulet - Trombone
References
1999 songs
Jennifer Lopez songs
Latin music songs
R&B songs
R&B ballads
Neusiedl am See District

The Neusiedl am See District (; ; ) is a district in the state of
Burgenland in Austria.
Municipalities
Towns (Stadte) are indicated in boldface; market towns (Marktgemeinden) in italics; suburbs, hamlets and other subdivisions of a municipality are indicated in small characters.
Where appropriate, the Croatian names are given in parentheses.
Andau (2,366)
Apetlon (1,804)
Bruckneudorf (2,889)
Kaisersteinbruch, Konigshof (Bgld)
Deutsch Jahrndorf (597)
Edelstal (632)
Frauenkirchen (2,833)
Gattendorf (1,213)
Gols (3,744)
Halbturn (1,885)
Illmitz (2,416)
Jois (1,438)
Kittsee (Gijeca) (2,310)
Monchhof (2,276)
Neudorf bei Parndorf (Novo Selo) (715)
Neusiedl am See (7,127)
Nickelsdorf (1,643)
Pama (Bijelo Selo) (1,090)
Pamhagen (1,661)
Parndorf (Pandrof) (4,214)
Podersdorf am See (2,098)
Potzneusiedl (527)
Sankt Andra am Zicksee (1,372)
Tadten (1,254)
Wallern im Burgenland (1,789)
Weiden am See (2,255)
Winden am See (1,281)
Zurndorf (2,062)
Districts of Burgenland
Kasaï-Oriental

Kasai-Oriental is one of the 26 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The capital is Mbuji-Mayi, which is on the Sankuru River.
The region produces a large amount of diamonds in their diamond mines.
Political divisions
The province has the following five territories:
Kabeya-Kamwanga
Katanda
Lupatapata
Miabi
Tshilenge
References
Kasai-oriental
2015 establishments in Africa
Excelsior Springs, Missouri

Excelsior Springs is a city in Clay and Ray counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. The population was 11,084 at the 2010 census. It is located about northeast of central Kansas City, Missouri.
References
Cities in Missouri
Percentage point

A percentage point or percent point is the unit for the difference between two percentages. For example, an increase of 40% to 44% is a 4 percentage point increase, but a 10 percent increase in the total.
Mathematics
Wettringen, Bavaria

Wettringen is a municipality in the district of Ansbach in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Ansbach (district)
Child Rebel Soldier

Child Rebel Soldier, abbreviated CRS, was a hip hop supergroup consisting of hip hop artists and record producers Kanye West, Lupe Fiasco, and Pharrell Williams.
History
Child Rebel Soldier was conceived with the conception of the song "Us Placers", which appears on Kanye West's mixtape Can't Tell Me Nothing (2007), released just before his third studio album Graduation (2007). Lupe Fiasco produced the song in an attempt to construct a mashup mixtape containing hip hop remakes of alternative rock singer Thom Yorke's solo album The Eraser, along with a few Radiohead songs. He originally wanted Kanye West and English rapper The Streets to feature on the mixtape's first track "Us Placers", but Skinner did not respond as West sent the song to Pharrell Williams after writing a verse. After ending the collaboration, the trio decided to form a group, billed by Pharrell as "Child Rebel Soldier". Their first song, "Us Placers", was ranked number 43 on Rolling Stone'''s magazines list of the 100 Best Songs of 2007.
In a 2007 interview with Billboard, Fiasco explained that the three hoped to find time to build a full-length studio album, saying, "Now [our labels are] working it out. Whoever is going to pay is going to pay a whole hell of a lot. Everybody is excited, [but] 'Us Placers' is the only record we have".
On January 29, 2008, it was announced on Kanye West's blog that the three artists would be touring together later in the year. The Glow in the Dark Tour, as it was called, consisted of Kanye West, Rihanna, Lupe Fiasco and Pharrell's funk rock band N.E.R.D.
According to an interview by Lupe Fiasco with sohh.com, there were plans for a CRS album in 2010. He said that the CRS trio would have three different items: an album, music videos, and a third item that he did not elaborate on (speculation that what he was referring to at this point was the unannounced "Glow in the Dark" tour at the time).
The group was featured on a N.E.R.D.'s "Everyone Nose" remix. They were labeled as Child Rebel Soldier in the song instead of their separate entities. This is the second song where they use their group name. The official video for the remix version of "Everyone Nose" was posted on Kanye West's blog on August 7, 2008. The video, directed by Hype Williams, features CRS and Pusha T of Clipse. Behind them is a green screen showing scenes from various retro video games, including Donkey Kong, Galaga, and Space Invaders''.
On July 25, 2013, in response to a reply on Twitter, Lupe Fiasco announced that Child Rebel Soldier was disbanded.
References
African-American musical groups
Musical groups established in 2007
Musical trios
Kanye West
Haparanda

Haparanda () is a town in the county of Norrbotten in Sweden. It is the seat of Haparanda Municipality.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Norrbotten County
Boxborough, Massachusetts

Boxborough is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 4,996 at the 2010 census.
References
Towns in Massachusetts
Rosa Fontana

Rosa Fontana - born as Rosa Engracia Sevilla Plo on January 21, 1938 - is a Spanish actress, who had roles in movies and TV series, and also worked in theatre.
Filmography
Films
!Se armo el belen! - Maruji
Vente a Alemania, Pepe
Hay que educar a papa
Las tres perfectas casadas
Nothing Less Than a Real Man
Celos, amor y mercado comun
Cinco almohadas para una noche
Cronica del alba. Valentina
Lala - Lucia
TV series
Ni pobre ni rico, sino todo lo contrario
Dialogos de Carmelitas
Aqui no hay quien viva
Family
Rosa is a daughter of poet Avelino Sevilla Hernandez and his wife. Rosa was married to Rafael Rivelles and Carlos Manuel Lemos. Carlos and Rosa's daughter is actress Esperanza Lemos.
References
Spanish television actors
Spanish movie actors
1938 births
Häxan

Haxan (Danish: Heksen) is a Swedish Danish movie. The English title is The Witches or Witchcraft Through the Ages. Benjamin Christensen wrote, directed and starred in the movie. Other actors include: Oscar Stribolt, Astrid Holm, Ib Schonberg, and Elith Pio. It was distributed by Skandias Filmbyra.
Other websites
1922 movies
Swedish silent movies
Swedish fantasy movies
Swedish horror movies
Danish silent movies
Danish horror movies
1920s fantasy movies
1920s horror movies
Movies directed by Benjamin Christensen
Movies about witchcraft
Movies about psychiatry
Movies set in the 15th century
Movies set in Denmark
Deaver, Wyoming

Deaver is a town in Wyoming in the United States.
Towns in Wyoming
Big Horn County, Wyoming
Cardigan (sweater)

A cardigan is a type of knitted sweater that has an open front.
Commonly cardigans have buttons: a garment that is tied is instead considered a robe. A more modern version of the garment has no buttons and hangs open by design. The name "Cardigan" is an anglicised variation of the Welsh placename Ceredigion.
The term originally referred only to a knitted sleeveless vest, but expanded to other types of garment over time.
Plain cardigans are often worn over shirts and inside suit jackets as a less formal version of the waistcoat or vest that restrains the necktie when the jacket has been removed.
References
Tops (clothing)
Breaking Benjamin

Breaking Benjamin is a hard rock band from Pennsylvania. The band is best known for their songs "Polyamorous", "So Cold", "Sooner or Later," "The Diary of Jane," and "Breath." The band was formed in 1998 by lead vocalist Benjamin Burnley and drummer Jeremy Hummel. The band has released five albums: "Saturate"(2002), "We Are Not Alone"(2004), "Phobia"(2006), "Dear Agony"(2009), "Dark Before Dawn"(2015) and Ember (2018)
The band's album "Dark Before Dawn" was released on June 23rd, 2015.
This album has made 5 singles which are "Failure", "Angels Fall", "Ashes of Eden" "Defeated" and "Never Again"
American rock bands
American heavy metal bands
Post-grunge bands
Musical groups from Pennsylvania
Boyd County, Kentucky

Boyd County is a county in Kentucky. Its county seat is Catlettsburg. At the 2010 census, 49,542 people lived in the county.
References
Kentucky counties
1860 establishments in Kentucky
Walpertskirchen

Walpertskirchen is a municipality in the district of Erding in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Erding (district)
Hellsing

is a Japanese manga series created by Kouta Hirano. The series began in 1997 and ended in September 2008.
The series is about a secret Hellsing Organization. The organization fights against vampires, ghouls, and other supernatural enemy who threaten England. The series was licensed for English language release in North America by Dark Horse Comics, in Australia and New Zealand by Madman Entertainment, and in Singapore by Chuang Yi.
An anime series of the same name was produced by Gonzo. The series was directed by Umanosuke Iida. It was based on the manga but used a screenplay by Chiaki J. Konaka. It was different from the manga in terms of plot, though it used some of the same characters and similar character designs. It has thirteen episodes. It was broadcast on Japan's Fuji Television from October 10, 2001 to January 16, 2002. An original video animation (OVA) called Hellsing Ultimate was produced by Geneon. It followed the manga storyline more closely than the anime series. The series was 10 episodes long. It was released in Japan between February 10, 2006 and December 26, 2012. In North America, the series ran from December 5, 2006 to October 28, 2014.
Reception
In 2005, the six and seventh volumes of the Hellsing manga series ranked among Diamond Comics Distributors' list of the top 48 manga volumes sold in the United States for the year. In November 2007, the ninth volume was among the top 10 volumes sold according to Japan's monthly sales rankings.
References
1997 manga
2001 anime television series
2001 manga
2001 television series debuts
2002 manga
2002 television series endings
2006 anime OVAs
2006 television series debuts
2008 anime OVAs
2009 anime OVAs
2011 anime OVAs
2012 anime OVAs
2012 television series endings
Action television series
Anime series based on manga
Comedy anime and manga
Manga series
Science fiction anime and manga
Vampires in movies
Ricardo Brennand

Ricardo Coimbra de Almeida Brennand (27 May 1927 - 25 April 2020) was a Brazilian businessman, engineer and art collector. In 2002 he founded the Ricardo Brennand Institute, which includes the world's largest private collection of Frans Post paintings, and was the 17th highest-rated museum in the world according to TripAdvisor in 2014. He was born in Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Brazil.
Brennand died on 25 April 2020 of COVID-19 in Recife, Brazil at the age of 92.
References
1927 births
2020 deaths
Brazilian businesspeople
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
Helsingør

Helsingor is a city in eastern Denmark. It is on the northeastern part of Zealand.
Cities in Denmark
1420s establishments in Europe
Establishments in Denmark
Naked singularity

In general relativity, a naked singularity is a gravitational singularity that is viewable from the outside. The event horizon is like a bubble which surrounds a black hole. Inside the event horizon, the pull of the light cannot escape, so we are unable to view objects inside the event horizon. This includes the event horizon itself. Naked singularities do not have an event horizon, hence the term 'naked'.
The existence of naked singularities is a very important topic in physics, because it would mean we could actually see phenomena made by black holes that we wouldn't be able to see otherwise. In addition, naked singularities would pose big problems for general relativity, since scientists still have not figured out a working idea for what happens to space-time in and around a black hole. Quantum mechanics, the main other scientific theory scientists turn to in physics, is also unable to explain how space-time would behave in such a situation.
Although the cosmic censorship hypothesis says that naked singularities cannot exist, some research says that if loop quantum gravity (a scientific theory that says the universe is made of small 'loops') is correct, naked singularities could exist in nature. Other calculations and arguments have been made to support this.
Possible formation
There are black holes known as Kerr black holes which have spin (they rotate). But, there is a maximum spin rate. If it spins faster than that maximum, its horizon disappears, leaving the singularity inside it wide open.
Mathematician Demetrios Christodoulou has shown that naked singularities also occur in nature. However, he then showed that such "naked singularities" are unstable.
References
Further reading
M. C. Werner and A. O. Peters, "Magnification relations for Kerr lensing and testing cosmic censorship", Physical Review D, Vol. 76, Issue 6 (2007).
Marcus Chown, "Fast-spinning black holes might reveal all" New Scientist, August 2009.
Pankaj S. Joshi, "Naked Singularities" Scientific American, May 2013.
Black holes
Relativity
Barry Cassin

Barry Cassin (1924 - 14 January 2017) was an Irish television, stage and screen actor. On stage, he is best known for his role in the production of Twelve Angry Men. He was born in Dublin.
On screen and on television, Cassin played mostly secondary roles such as in the recent movie Byzantium. Cassin's daughter, Anne, is a well-known journalist and news presenter for Raidio Teilifis Eireann.
Cassin died in Dublin on 14 January 2017, aged 92.
References
Other websites
1924 births
2017 deaths
Irish movie actors
Irish television actors
Irish stage actors
Actors from Dublin
Andrea

The name Andrea [an-dree-uh, ahn-, ahn-drey-uh]is a given name. The name Andrea is of Greek origin and means "strong and courageous".It is usually used for females(In 2021, the top 1000 ranking of newborns named in the United States, in the female ranking of 173, in the male ranking did not appear).
There are a lot of celebrities with the name Andrea. Also, the name is a replacement for Allison over List 5 of the Atlantic tropical cyclone naming list.
People named Andrea
Women
Andrea Baker, Canadian-born actress
Andrea Barber (born 1976), American actress
Andrea Dewar (born 1979), Canadian water polo player
Andrea Moody (born 1978), Canadian swimmer
Andrea Thompson (born 1960), American actress
Andrea True (born 1943), American actress and singer
Andrea Leadsom((born 1963)),British Conservative politician
Men
Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo (born 1925), Archbishop of Tuscania
Andrea Kim Taegon (1821-1846), first Korean Catholic priest, Patron Saint of Korea for the Catholic Church
Andrea Prader (1919-2001), renowned Swiss scientist and physician, co-discoverer of the Prader-Willi syndrome
Andrea Sartoretti (born 1971), volleyball player
Andrea Pirlo, Italian association football player and manager
Andrea del Verrocchio, 15th century Italian sculptor, goldsmith and painter (c.1435-1488)
References
Given names
Leader of the Opposition (Northern Territory)

The Leader of the Opposition is a title held by the leader of the second-largest party in the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly.
The current Leader of the Opposition is Lia Finocchiaro of the Country Liberal Party (CLP).
References
Northern Territory
Indian Administrative Service

The Indian Administrative Service (IAS) is the administrative arm of the All India Services. It is a key job in civil service of India. The IAS is one of the three arms of the All India Services along with the Indian Police Service and the Indian Forest Service.
Members of these three services serve the Government of India as well as the individual states.
References
Politics of India
All India Services
Undama

Undama is a village in Puhalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia.
Villages in Hiiu County
Acanthopholis

Acanthopolis (meaning "spiny scales") was an armoured ankylosaurian dinosaur. This quadrupedal plant-eating dinosaur had its armour in rows of oval plates set into its skin. It also had spikes jutting out of its neck and shoulder area along the spine. It was about 15 feet long (4 m) and weighed roughly 380 kg.
The first specimen was found in 1865 by fossil collector John Griffiths on the shoreline at Folkestone. The stratum was Cambridge Greensand, a formation in the Lower Cretaceous of southern England. At the time England was part of a huge tropical river delta, and the Greensand was laid down just offshore. It seems that dinosaurs were on the shoreline or the river delta, and sometimes their bodies washed out to sea.
References
Carpenter, Kenneth 2001. Phylogenetic analysis of Ankylosauria. In Carpenter, Kenneth (ed): The armored dinosaurs. Indiana University Press, 455-480.
Ankylosauria
Julius No

Dr. Julius No is a fictional character and the major villain in the 1958 James Bond novel and its 1962 movie version Dr. No, the first of the series, in which he was portrayed by actor Joseph Wiseman.
He is a Chinese-German villain who works with SPECTRE and Ernst Stavro Blofeld. He is seen as a mad nuclear scientist.
References
Characters in written fiction
Fictional characters introduced in the 1950s
Fictional criminals
Fictional European people
Bond villains
Golpar

Golpar (Heracleum persicum), also known as Persian hogweed, is a flowering plant. It grows wild in mountains.
Uses
Golpar seeds are used as a spice in Persian cooking. These seedpods are slightly bitter. They are usually sold in powder and are often sold as "Angelica Seeds." The powder is sprinkled over beans and potatoes. Golpar is also used in soups and stews. It is often sprinkled over pomegranate seeds. Golpar is also mixed with vinegar into which lettuce leaves are dipped before eating.
Apiaceae
COVID-19 pandemic in France

The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached France on 24 January 2020, when the first COVID-19 case in both Europe and France was identified in Bordeaux.
The beginning
The first five confirmed cases were all people who had recently arrived from China. A Chinese tourist who was admitted to hospital in Paris on 28 January died on 14 February, making it the first COVID-19 death in France. The annual assembly of the Christian Open Door Church between 17 and 24 February in Mulhouse which was attended by about 2,500 people was believed where the virus spread throughout France.
Macron's response
On 12 March, French President Emmanuel Macron announced on public television that all schools and all universities would close from Monday 16 March until further notice. The next day, Prime Minister Edouard Philippe banned gatherings of more than 100 people, not including public transport. The following day, the prime minister ordered the closure of all non-essential public places, including restaurants, cafes, cinemas and nightclubs, effective at midnight.
On 16 March, Macron announced mandatory home order for 15 days starting at noon on 17 March. This was extended twice, until 11 May, after which the order would end only if citizens wore face masks.
Emergency
On 2 May, Olivier Veran announced that the government would seek to extend the health emergency until 24 July. Many mayors were against the 11 May lifting of the lockdown, which had been announced by the President a few weeks earlier in a televised address to the nation, and said it was too soon. Veran's bill was discussed in Senate on 4 May.
Cases
, France has reported over 140,734 confirmed cases, 27,074 deaths, and 58,673 recoveries, ranking sixth in number of confirmed cases, passing China where the outbreak began.
References
2020 in Europe
2020s in France
France
List of Switzerland Twenty20 International cricketers

This is a list of Swiss Twenty20 International cricketers. They made their Twenty20 debut in October 2021.
Key
List of players
Statistics are correct as of 31 July 2022.
References
Lists of Twenty20 International cricketers
Switzerland-related lists
Bridge router

A Bridge router or Brouter is a type of telecommunication processor used in networking. It is a combination of both bridge and router.
Computer networking
Ben Gurion International Airport

Ben Gurion International Airport (, ) is an international airport in Tel Aviv, Israel. This airport is the main international airport in Israel and the largest airport in Israel.
The airport is named after the first Israeli prime minister David Ben-Gurion.
References
Other websites
Ben Gurion International Airport, iaa.gov.il
Israeli Aviation Charts for flight simulation (including Ben Gurion) , vatil.or
Airports in Israel
Buildings and structures in Tel Aviv
Mohit Suri

Mohit Suri is an Indian film director. Born into the Bhatt family, he is well known for directing the films Murder 2 (2011), the musical romance Aashiqui 2 (2013) and the romantic thrillers Awarapan (2007), Ek Villain (2014) and Malang (2020). He has been married to Udita Goswami since 2013.
Early life
Mohit Suri was born and brought up in Mumbai. His father Daksh Suri worked for Dunlop in Chennai and his mother was an air hostess. He has one sister, former actress Smiley Suri.
References
Indian movie directors
Living people
People from Mumbai
Unpretty

"Unpretty" is a song by American girl group TLC. It was produced by Dallas Austin. It was co-written by Austin and TLC member Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins. It was for the band's third album, FanMail (1999). The song was based on a poem of the same name written by Watkins. It was about a woman's struggle with her self-image. It talked about the concept of beauty portrayed in the media. Austin helped Watkins to help the song become an empowerment for women who do not think they are beautiful enough.
"Unpretty" was the second single released from FanMail. It became the group's fourth US number one single on the Billboard Hot 100. It spent three weeks at number one. It was considered a success by music critics. It was nominated for Song of the Year and Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal at the 42nd annual Grammy Awards. A remixed version of the song was released.
Track lisitings
US CD Single (Green Cover)
Unpretty (Album Version) - 4:38
Unpretty ("Don't Look Any Further" Remix) - 4:25
UK CD 1 of 2 (Green Cover)
Unpretty (Radio Version) - 4:08
No Scrubs (Radio Version) - 4:06
Diggin' On You (Radio Version) - 4:14
UK CD 2 of 2 (Blue Cover)
Unpretty (Radio Version) - 4:08
Unpretty (M. J. Cole Remix) [Vox Up] - 4:48
Unpretty ("Don't Look Any Further" Remix) - 4:25
International Remix EP (Blue Cover)
Unpretty (Radio Version) - 4:01
Unpretty ("Don't Look Any Further" Remix) - 4:26
Unpretty ("Don't Look Any Further" Remix w/ Rap) - 4:27
Unpretty (Pumpin' Dolls Radio Mix) - 4:03
Unpretty ("Don't Look Any Further" Remix) [Big Boyz Dub Mix] - 5:00
Unpretty (Pumpin' Dolls Club Mix) - 8:59
German CD Single (Green Cover)
Unpretty (Radio Version) - 4:09
Unpretty (Album Version) - 4:38
Unpretty (M. J. Cole Remix) [Vox Up] - 4:48
Unpretty (M. J. Cole Remix) [Budd Dub] - 5:35
Unpretty (Instrumental) - 4:41
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Decade-end charts
References
Other websites
1999 songs
Billboard Hot 100 number one songs
TLC (group) songs
Allersberg

Allersberg is a municipality in Roth, in Bavaria, Germany.
References
Roth (district)
Ali Zaidi (lawyer)

Ali A. Zaidi (born 1987/1988) is a Pakistani-American lawyer and politician who is the 2nd White House National Climate Advisor since 2022. He was the first White House Deputy National Climate Advisor. He was the New York deputy secretary for energy and environment.
In September 2022, President Joe Biden announced that Zaidi would replace Gina McCarthy as White House National Climate Advisor.
References
1980s births
Living people
Pakistani lawyers
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Politicians from New York City
Lawyers from New York City
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Esplugues de Llobregat

Esplugues de Llobregat is a municipality of 47,150 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain.
Cities in Catalonia
Municipalities in Catalonia
René Bourque

Rene Gary Wayne Bourque (born December 10, 1981 in Lac La Biche, Alberta) is a former Canadian ice hockey left winger. He played in the NHL for the Chicago Blackhawks, Calgary Flames, Montreal Canadiens, and Columbus Blue Jackets.
Awards
He was named to the AJHL All-Rookie Team in the 1999-00 AJHL season.
He won the Dudley "Red" Garrett Memorial Award in the 2004-05 AHL season.
He was named to the AHL All-Rookie Team in the 2004-05 AHL season.
References
Other websites
1981 births
Living people
First Nations people
Ice hockey people from Alberta
Calgary Flames players
Chicago Blackhawks players
Montreal Canadiens players
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
American Hockey League players
Teardrops on My Guitar

"Teardrops on My Guitar" is the second single off of American singer Taylor Swift's first self-titled studio album. The song was released on February 20, 2007. The song was able to make it to #2 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs and #13 on the Billboard Hot 100. It was also certified 3x Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).
Swift said that she was inspired by Drew Hardwick, her classmate whom she had a crush on. Unknown to Hardwick, he would talk to Swift about another girl who he had a crush on. She never confessed her feelings to him. Actor Tyler Hilton plays the main male character Drew in the music video.
References
Other websites
2007 songs
Country ballads
Country pop songs
Pop ballads
Rock ballads
Taylor Swift songs
Torch songs
Mobile operating system

A mobile operating system (or mobile OS) is an operating system for smartphones, tablets, personal digital assistants (PDAs), or other mobile devices. While computers such as typical laptops are mobile, the operating systems usually used on them are not considered mobile ones, as they were originally designed for desktop computers that historically did not have or need specific mobile features.
Operating systems
Rachel (Hebrew Bible)

Rachel is a person in the Book of Genesis. She is the daughter of Laban, and a wife of Jacob. She is the mother of Joseph and Benjamin.
Old Testament people
Ancient Israeli people
19th century BC
2nd-millennium BC people
Aachen dialect

The Aachen dialect (Ocher Platt) is a dialect of Ripuarian Franconian. The dialect is spoken in Aachen and Central Rhineland.
Other websites
http://www.oecher-platt.de/
http://www.fremdsprachendidaktik.rwth-aachen.de/Ww/downloads/poster_oecher_platt.pdf
http://www.anicmania.de/lul/aachen/dialekt.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20130527163808/http://7uhr15.blog.de/2011/03/15/vuer-liere-oecher-platt-lernen-aachener-mundart-schnupperkurs-10827307/
This article is based on its German equivalent.
Languages of Germany
German dialects
Aachen
West Side Story (2021 movie)

West Side Story is a 2021 American musical romantic drama movie directed and co-produced by Steven Spielberg from a screenplay by Tony Kushner. It stars Ansel Elgort and Rachel Zegler with Ariana DeBose, David Alvarez, Mike Faist, and Rita Moreno.
The movie was theatrically distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures in the United States on December 10, 2021. It was best musical movie at the 2022 Golden Globe Awards.
References
2021 drama movies
2021 romance movies
2020s romantic drama movies
2020s musical movies
American romantic drama movies
American musical movies
Movies directed by Steven Spielberg
Golden Globe Award winning movies
Movies set in New Jersey
Non-ionizing radiation

Non-ionizing radiation (or, esp. in British English, non-ionising radiation) means any type of electromagnetic radiation that does not carry enough energy to ionize atoms or molecules - that is, completely remove an electron from an atom or molecule.
The composition of this radiation can vary depending on what may be ionized. Visible light, near ultraviolet, infrared, microwave and radio waves are all examples of non-ionizing radiation, though visible and near ultraviolet can also ionize some molecules. The light from the Sun that reaches the earth is largely composed of non-ionizing radiation, with the notable exception of some ultraviolet rays. However, most ionizing radiation is filtered out by the atmosphere.
Related pages
Radio wave
Ionizing radiation
Electromagnetism
Jake McCoy

Thomas James "Jake" McCoy (January 2, 1942 - February 5, 2021) was an American Olympic ice hockey defenseman. He was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. McCoy played with Team USA at the 1964 Winter Olympics held in Innsbruck, Austria. He later played one year for the Minnesota Nationals in the United States Hockey League.
McCoy died on February 5, 2021 in Minneapolis, aged 79.
References
1942 births
2021 deaths
Sportspeople from Minneapolis
American ice hockey defensemen
American Olympians
North Macedonia at the Olympics

The Republic of North Macedonia was first at the Olympic Games at the 1996 Summer Olympics. They have been in every Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games since then. Until 1988 North Macedonia was part of Yugoslavia.
List of medalists
Several other athletes from the Socialist Republic of Macedonia (a constituent country of the former SFR Yugoslavia) have also won Olympic medals, competing for Yugoslavia.
References
Sport in North Macedonia
Nations at the Olympics
Bradford West Gwillimbury

Bradford West Gwillimbury is a town in Simcoe County, Ontario, Canada. It was founded in 1991 when the Town of Bradford was merged with parts of the Townships of West Gwillimbury and Tecumseth. According to the Canada 2011 Census, the town had a population of 28,077.
Two highways run through the town: Highway 9 and Highway 400.
Towns in Ontario
1991 establishments in Canada