pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
ECW Heat Wave

ECW Heat Wave was a professional wrestling event that was produced by Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW). ECW began making it a pay-per-view starting in 1998. It ran from 1994 to 2000.
Results
1994
Heat Wave 1994 took place on July 16, 1994 at the ECW Arena in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was the first Heat Wave event that ECW produced.
1995
Heat Wave 1995 took place on July 15, 1995 at the ECW Arena in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was the second Heat Wave event that ECW produced.
1996
Heat Wave 1996 took place on July 13, 1996 at the ECW Arena in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was the third Heat Wave event that ECW produced. The event was internet available only.
1997
Heat Wave 1997 took place on July 19, 1997 at the ECW Arena in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was the fourth Heat Wave event that ECW produced.
1998
Heat Wave 1998 took place on August 2, 1998 at the Hara Arena in Dayton, Ohio. It was the fifth Heat Wave event that ECW produced.
1999
Heat Wave 1999 took place on July 18, 1999 at the Hara Arena in Dayton, Ohio. It was the sixth Heat Wave event that ECW produced.
2000
Heat Wave 2000 took place on July 16, 2000 at the Grand Olympic Auditorium in Los Angeles, California. It was the seventh and final Heat Wave event that ECW produced.
Related pages
Extreme Championship Wrestling
References
Extreme Championship Wrestling
Eberhardt del’Antonio

Eberhardt del'Antonio (April 21, 1926 in Lichtenstein - February 22, 1997 in Dresden) was a German writer.
Life
Eberhardt Del'Antonio was the son of a locksmith. He learned the job as an technical drawer. He was fighting for the German army during the Second World War.
Publications
Gigantum, Das neue Berlin, Berlin 1957
Titanus, Das neue Berlin, Berlin 1959
Projekt Sahara, Tribune, Berlin 1962
Heimkehr der Vorfahren, Das neue Berlin, Berlin 1966
Okeanus, Greifenverlag, Rudolstadt 1988
Volle Kraft voraus, Junge Welt, Berlin 1991 (with Jens Prockat)
Other websites
The Science Fiction of the DDR. Authors
Writers from Dresden
1926 births
1997 deaths
List of most consecutive starts by a National Football League quarterback

This is a list of the top 25 National Football League consecutive starts by a quarterback.
Brett Favre has held the record since November 7, 1999 when he made his 117th consecutive start against the Chicago Bears. On December 5, 2010, playing for the Minnesota Vikings against the Buffalo Bills, Favre was injured and ruled out of the game after the first few minutes of the game starting. On Monday, December 13, Favre was ruled inactive, ending his streak at a record 297 games (321 including playoffs).
All-time consecutive starts streaks
Bold denotes an active streak.
References
National Football League records and achievements
National Football League lists
Ko Arima

was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Arima was born on August 22, 1917. After graduating from Tokyo Imperial University (currently University of Tokyo), he played for Sankyo Pharmaceuticals. He also played for University of Tokyo LB, which was composed of his alma mater University of Tokyo players and graduates. At University of Tokyo LB, he won the 1949 Emperor's Cup with Masao Ono and the rest of the team.
In March 1951, when Arima was 33 years old, he was selected for the Japan national team for Japan's first game after World War II in the 1951 Asian Games. At this competition, on March 7, he first played against Iran. He played three games for Japan in 1951.
Statistics
|-
|1951||3||0
|-
!Total||3||0
|}
References
Other websites
1917 births
Year of death missing
Japanese footballers
Japan international footballers
Jess Jonassen

Jessica Louise Jonassen (born 5 November 1992) is a cricketer from Australia. Jonassen plays for the national women's team. She was born on November 5, 1992.
References
Other websites
1992 births
Living people
Australian cricketers
Sportspeople from Queensland
Railroad Valley springfish

The Railroad Valley springfish (Crenichthys nevadae) is a fish that lives in North America. It lives in Nevada in the United States of America.
Size
This fish is 6 cm long.
Home
People have seen the Railroad Valley springfish in six places where the water comes out of the ground hot. The fish came there as Railroad Lake dried up. Currently, they still live in Big, North, Hay Corral, and Reynolds Springs, but they have disappeared from the other places. People have also brought them to live in ponds in other places, for example Sadaville, Creek Canyon, and Chimney Spring. Scientists have not checked if it has a bad effect on the places people brought it.
Threats
It is endangered because people brought other fish to the places where it lives. It is also endangered because human beings take water out of their streams and ponds, because human beings change the places where it lives, and because cows and other livestock step on the fish when they come to their ponds to drink water.
References
Cyprinodontiformes
Animals of North America
Scott Adsit

Robert Scott Adsit (born November 26, 1965) is an American actor, comedian and writer. He is best known for his role as Pete Hornberger, the well-meaning but jaded executive producer, on the NBC sitcom 30 Rock. He was born in Northbrook, Illinois.
References
Other websites
1965 births
Comedians from Illinois
American movie actors
American voice actors
American television actors
American television directors
American television producers
American television writers
Actors from Illinois
Writers from Illinois
Living people
Nut (hardware)

A nut is a type of fastener with a threaded hole. Nuts are almost always used with a mating bolt to fasten parts together. Thus "nut and bolt" or "nuts and bolts" are term which recognise their pairing.
Like bolt heads, their shape is usually hexagonal, because this is best for gripping with tools. Nuts are graded with strength ratings like their respective bolts. For example, an ISO property class 10 nut can support the bolt proof strength load of an ISO property class 10.9 bolt without stripping its thread (the inside spiral groove).
Hardware (mechanical)
Transcription (music)

A musical transcription is musical notation for an existing piece of music that had been previously unnotated. Musicians often disagree about what should be called a "transcription" and what is an "arrangement". Usually transcriptions are a direct notation of the source, whereas a musician who makes an arrangement may insert new interpretations into the music (i.e. changing the instrumentation, reharmonization, or even new sectionalization of the piece as with cover songs). A transcription, as Klapuri writes, would require that the pitch, timing, and instrumentation of all sound events to be resolved; difficult as this may be for some cases, this goal is usually redefined such that a transcription constitutes the notation of as many of the constituent sounds as possible or some well-defined part of the music signal (i.e. the dominant melody or the most prominent drum sounds).
Transcriptions can be created for all kinds of music in order to help the performer to learn the piece. Transcriptions are common for music such as jazz (which usually consists of improvisation) and folk, which traditionally is taught from one generation to another by listening and imitating. In the early 20th century, some composers became interested in writing down the traditional folk songs of their countries. Bela Bartok and Zoltan Kodaly in Hungary as well as Cecil Sharpe and Ralph Vaughan Williams in England notably transcribed various folk songs they heard being sung in the villages of their respective countries.
Adaptation
Sometimes transcriptions are made for practical reasons. Mozart made transcriptions of some music from his own operas, arranging them for small groups of instruments so that they could play it for popular entertainment. Stravinsky transcribed some of his ballet music for piano, e.g. The Rite of Spring for piano duet and some dances from Petrouchka for piano solo. These types of transcriptions are often referred to as a "reduction": the simplification of a large work to be performed by a smaller ensemble or a soloist.
Related pages
OrchestrationReferences
Musical notation
Rutherfordton, North Carolina

Rutherfordton is a town in Rutherford County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 4,213 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat.
References
Cities in North Carolina
County seats in North Carolina
Great Wall of Qi

The Great Wall of Qi () is the oldest part of the Great Wall in China that is still standing. It started being built in 441 BC (during the Spring and Autumn period) by the state of Qi. It was made to defend itself against attacks from the states of Jin and Yue. It was done being built during the Warring States period and became Qi's defense against enemies states like Ju, Lu, and Chu. The wall goes from Guangli village of today's Changqing District, Jinan.
References
Defensive walls
Buildings and structures in China
1st millennium BC buildings and structures
Sheikh Shahidur Rahman

Sheikh Shahidur Rahman (died 22 August 2021) was a Pakistani-born Bangladeshi politician. He was a member of the Workers Party of Bangladesh. He was a member of the Jatiya Sangsad from 1986 to 1988. Rahman was born in Pakistan.
Rahman died on 22 August 2021 in Khulna, Bangladesh from a heart attack at the age of 70.
References
1950s births
2021 deaths
Bangladeshi politicians
Bangladeshi Muslims
Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony

Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony is a 2012 documentary film about the adult fandom of the 2010 animated television series My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic, who are known as bronies. The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray on February 17, 2013. Laurent Malaquais directed the film. The creator of Friendship Is Magic executive-produced it.
References
Other websites
Official website
2012 movies
American independent movies
East is East

East is East is a 1994 British comedy-drama movie produced by Sky Cinema. It is directed by Damien O'Donnell. It stars Om Puri, Linda Bassett, Jimi Mistry, Jordan Routledge and more.
1994 comedy-drama movies
British comedy-drama movies
Olivia Longott

Olivia Theresa Longott (born 15 February 1981) is an American singer, songwriter and television personality. She was also on the Love & Hip Hop: New York series. She is best known for singing on rapper 50 Cent's song "Candy Shop".
Early life and career
Longott was born in Brooklyn, New York. She was raised in New York City. She studied music at Bayside High School. She started her career in her teenage years. She released her first single in 2000.
Notes
1981 births
Living people
Actors from Brooklyn
Singers from New York City
American R&B singers
American hip hop singers
American soul singers
Rappers
Maphevu Dlamini

Maphevu Dlamini (31 March 1922 - 24 October 1979) was a Swati soldier and politician who became the second Swati to hold the office of Prime Minister in 1976.
References
1922 births
1979 deaths
Prime ministers
The Darling Buds of May

The Darling Buds of May is an English comedy drama television series. It was produced by Yorkshire Television & channelled and networked by ITV from 7 April 1991 to 4 April 1993. It stars Pam Ferris, David Jason, Catherine Zeta-Jones, Philip Franks, Rachel Bell, Moray Watson, Kika Mirvlees & Susie Blake.
1990s comedy-drama television series
1991 British television series debuts
1993 television series endings
1990s British comedy television series
1990s British drama television series
Jentina (album)

Jentina is the self-titled debut studio album by English rapper Jentina, it was released by Virgin on September 9, 2005 in Italy. As of 2015 it is her only album that she has ever released, it features "Bad Ass Strippa" and "French Kisses" both which reached the top 30 in the UK and "Mysterious" which was only released in Italy.
Track listing
"Mysterious"
"Bad Ass Strippa"
"Wonderful Day" (featuring Dolamite)
"French Kisses"
"Feels Good"
"Gone"
"Here I Come"
"Sneakers"
"Eenie Meenie" (skit)
"Smoke"
"Baby"
"Hard Times"
Other websites
Jentina at IBS Store
2005 albums
Debut albums
Hip hop albums
R&B albums
Virgin Records albums
Otopeni Airport

Otopeni Airport (full name: Henri Coanda International Airport; ) is the airport with the most traffic in Romania, and it is based in Otopeni, a city which is 16.5 km (10.3 mi) from the center of Bucharest. In 2018, the airport had 13,824,830 total passengers.
References
Other websites
Official website
Google Map - Aerial View
Airports in Europe
Buildings and structures in Romania
Bucharest
Claude Goretta

Claude Goretta (23 June 1929 - 20 February 2019) was a Swiss television producer and movie director. His 1973 movie L'Invitation was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. His 1981 movie La provinciale was entered into the 31st Berlin International Film Festival. He was born in Geneva.
Goretta died on 20 February 2019 in Geneva at the age of 89.
References
Other websites
1929 births
2019 deaths
Swiss movie directors
Swiss screenwriters
Swiss movie producers
Television producers
People from Geneva
Protestants
Uccle

Uccle (in French) or Ukkel (in Dutch) is a municipality in the Brussels-Capital Region of Belgium.
In 2007, 76576 people lived there.
It is at 50deg 48 North, 04deg 20 East.
References
Municipalities of Brussels-Capital Region
Piranha

The piranha (also known as the caribe or pirana) is a ferocious, schooling, fresh-water fish.
It is native to warm lowland streams and lakes in South America, east of the Andes Mountains. Piranhas have been introduced to other places, including Northern Brazil, Hawaii, and parts of Central and North America. There are many species of piranha they belong to the genera Pygocentrus and Serrasalmus. They reproduce by laying eggs.
Diet
Piranhas are opportunistic carnivores (flesh-eaters). They eat aquatic and land animals that are in the water. Some of the prey includes fish, mollusks, crustaceans, insects, birds, lizards, amphibians, rodents, and carrion (dead meat that they find). These fish are diurnal (most active during the day).
Predators
Many animals prey upon piranhas (especially young piranhas), including other piranhas, caimans, water snakes, turtles, birds, otters, and people.
Characiformes
Freshwater fish
Baressa

Baressa (Aressa) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 651 people lived there. Its area is 12.51 km2. It is 165 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Chrism

The chrism is a mixture of pure olive oil and balm (balsam). The two elements signify "fullness of grace". The chrism is blessed by a bishop on Maundy Thursday. It is used to consecrate churches, chalices, the solemn blessing of bells, baptismal fonts, etc. It is also used in baptisms, confirmations, and other churchly functions.
Christian religious objects
Religious symbols
Leslie Uggams

Leslie Marian Uggams (born May 25, 1943) is an American actress and singer. She is known as her role as Kizzy Reynolds in the television miniseries Roots (1977). She also appeared on the Broadway musical Hallelujah, Baby!, winning a Tony Award in 1968. Uggams was born in New York City.
References
Other websites
1943 births
Living people
Tony Award winning actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from New York City
Singers from New York City
Richard Linklater

Richard Stuart Linklater (; born July 30, 1960) is an American movie director, producer and screenwriter. He is known for his movies Dazed and Confused (1993), Before Sunrise (1995), Before Sunset (2004), Before Midnight (2013), School of Rock (2003), Waking Life (2001) and A Scanner Darkly (2006).
In 2002 he began filming Boyhood (2014), a passion project which took over twelve years to finish. The movie was premiered in 2014 to critical acclaim. Linklater won the Golden Globe, Critics' Choice Movie Awards and BAFTAs for Best Director and Best Picture. He also received his first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Director, along with nominations for Original Screenplay and Picture.
References
Other websites
Detour Films (Richard Linklater's film production company)
Golden Globe Award winning directors
BAFTA Award winning directors
1960 births
Living people
American movie directors
American movie producers
American screenwriters
Writers from Houston
Oberuzwil

Oberuzwil is a municipality in Wil in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of St. Gallen
Campbell County, Tennessee

Campbell County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 39,272 people lived there. The county seat is Jacksboro.
References
Tennessee counties
Karim Haggui

Karim Haggui (born 20 January 1984) is a Tunisian football player. He plays for VfB Stuttgart and Tunisia national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Strasbourg||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||20||0
|-
|2005/06||23||2
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="3"|Bayer Leverkusen||rowspan="9"|Bundesliga||24||0
|-
|2007/08||24||2
|-
|2008/09||11||1
|-
|2009/10||rowspan="5"|Hannover||30||2
|-
|2010/11||25||1
|-
|2011/12||27||3
|-
|2012/13||22||1
|-
|2013/14||3||0
|-
|2013/14||VfB Stuttgart||||
43||2
166||10
209||12
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2003||3||1
|-
|2004||14||3
|-
|2005||4||0
|-
|2006||13||1
|-
|2007||8||0
|-
|2008||10||0
|-
|2009||7||0
|-
|2010||||
|-
!Total||59||5
|}
References
1984 births
Living people
Tunisian footballers
Sportspeople from Tunis
Flag of Dominican Republic

The Dominican Constitution says that the flag of the Dominican Republic has a white cross in the centre; the arms of the cross get to the sides of the flag and divides the flag into four rectangles --the left rectangles are blue (top) and red (bottom), and the right ones are red (top) and blue (bottom). The width of the white cross is half the height of one of the rectangles.
The National Flag, like the state and war flags of other Latin American countries, has a small coat of arms in the centre of the white cross but there is not a coat of arms in the ensign (the flag used by commercial ships).
The Dominican flag was created the first day of Independence (27 February 1844); it was created from the Haitian flag but with a white cross; that is, two blue rectangles on the top and two red rectangles on the bottom. The colors are from the French flag. That was the First National Flag.
The first Dominican Constitution of 6 November 1844 did not say anything about the distribution of the rectangles but from the start the flag was represented with alternation of the colors (that is, blue and red on top and red and blue on bottom); this is the Second National Flag. Only the Constitution of 1908 is specific about the color distribution.
References
Dominican Republic, Flag of
National symbols of the Dominican Republic
Ismaïl Omar Guelleh

Ismail Omar Guelleh (Somali: Ismaaciil Cumar Geelle. Arabic: sm`yl `umr jlyh) (born 27 November 1947) is an Djiboutian politician. He became the President of Djibouti in May 1999.
Biography
From Mamassan clan, one of the components of the Somali tribe Issas, Ismail Omar Guelleh is the grandson of Guelle Mohamed, better known as Guelleh Batal, one of the signatories of the "agreement franco of August 30, 1917, which ratifies the "free transfer to the French Government of the coasts, harbors, harbors, islands and territories occupied from time immemorial by the Issa tribes". In recognition, Guelleh Batal obtained from the French administration the position of recruiter on behalf of the CFE.
The father of Ismail Omar Guelleh, son of Guelleh Batal, is Omar Guelleh, one of the first native teachers in the 1930s before working, following the path of his father, on behalf of the French-Ethiopian Railway Company. (CFE) which built the line linking Djibouti to Addis Ababa and whose headquarters were in Dire Dawa, a city itself created by the company.
The grandfather of the latter, Oumar Ali Adal, "would be one of the first Issas to have joined the wet Penguin in front of what will become Djibouti".
In Dire Dawa, Ismail Omar Guelleh follows traditional teaching at the Koranic school, then at the French school Charles-de-Foucault in Djibouti.
In 1964, at the age of 18, Ismail Omar Guelleh began working in the General Intelligence of the French Territory of the Afars and Issas, because he speaks Amharic, Somali, Arabic, French, French Italian and English.
In 1974, he was suspended because he was suspected of transmitting information to the independence movement [ref. necessary]. He then invested himself in the African Popular League for Independence (LPAI) chaired by Hassan Gouled Aptidon (who belongs to the same extended family group, or "clan"), which militates for independence.
In 1977, Ismail Omar Guelleh is a member of the delegation that negotiates with France the independence of his country. Independence was proclaimed on June 27, 1977. The new President of the Republic, Hassan Gouled, appointed him head of his cabinet. He is therefore involved from the beginning in the management of the country facing an external conflict, the Ogaden war between Somalia and Ethiopia, and internal tensions.
References
Other websites
1947 births
Living people
Djiboutian politicians
Presidents (government)
Current national leaders
Tissue

A Tissue forms part of an organ in plants or animals. Tissues are groups of cells that work together to do a job in the body. They are a group of cells having the same origin, structure and function. The cells look the same or almost the same. The work the cells in a tissue do is the same or almost the same.
The four main kinds of tissue in animals are:
connective tissue
muscles
nerves
epithelial tissue
Organs are made up of more than one kind of tissue. The heart is an organ. It is made up of different tissues. It has muscle tissue called myocardium. It has connective tissue on the inside (endocardium), and on the outside (pericardium). The heart has valves that make sure the blood goes the right way through the heart. So the heart is an organ made from several tissues.
The study of the structure of tissues under a microscope is called histology.
Tissues
Ignaz Semmelweis

Ignaz Semmelweis (born 1818 - died 1865) was a Hungarian doctor who discovered bacteria, disease and infection. He is the father of infection control. Semmelweis observed that if the doctors washed their hands, the number of infections of puerperal fever could be reduced. For this reason, Semmelweis ordered his medical students to wash their hands before and after medical rounds. He was mocked by fellow doctors, but he could not prove his findings, because bacteria had not been discovered yet. In 1870, Robert Koch proved that bacteria can cause disease. People such as Louis Pasteur proved what is known as the germ theory of disease only after Semmelweis' death.
Semmelweis probably had Alzheimer's disease and he was sent to an asylum for being insane. He died after 14 days in the asylum possibly being beaten by the staff and inmates.
References
1818 births
1865 deaths
Deaths by beating
Hungarian scientists
Physicians
Days of Our Lives

Days of Our Lives is a popular American television show on the NBC television network. It is one hour long and is broadcast during the day. Betty and Ted Corday made the show in 1965. Two companies, Corday Productions and Sony Pictures Television make Days of Our Lives. In November 2015, the show celebrated 50 years on TV. It is currently in its 58th season with 14,679 episodes (as of August 31, 2023). They began filming the show in HD in 2010.
Days of Our Lives takes place in the city of Salem. The main families on the show are the Bradys, the DiMeras and the Hortons. Many good and bad things happened to the Brady family and the Horton family. One character named "Stefano DiMera" does some of the bad things that happen to characters on this show.
Characters
Stefano DiMera is the head of the DiMera family. He is the villain in Salem and has done many bad deeds to the Brady family, mainly Marlena.
Maggie Simmons Horton has been played by actress Suzanne Rogers since August 20, 1973. Maggie was created by scriptwriter William J. Bell, and executive producer Betty Corday.
Marlena Evans, mother of DJ, Sami, Eric and Belle. She has been taken over by the Devil twice and everyone thought she was a serial killer in 2004.
Sami Brady, daughter of Roman and Marlena Brady. She has a twin brother Eric, and her half sister is Carrie. She is the mother of Will, Allie, Johnny and Sydney, and she believed that Grace as she had been swapped at birth.
Couples
Here is a list of some of the main couples on the show:
John and Marlena Black
Bo and Hope Brady
Abe and Lexie Carver
Stefano and Kate DiMera
Jack and Jennifer Devereux
Austin and Carrie Reed (Austin is Kate's son, Carrie is Roman's daughter)
EJ DiMera and Nicole Walker
Ciara Brady and Ben Weston
References
1960s American television series
1960s drama television series
1970s American television series
1970s drama television series
1980s American drama television series
1980s soap operas
1990s American drama television series
1990s soap operas
2000s American drama television series
2000s soap operas
2010s American drama television series
2010s soap operas
American soap operas
NBC network shows
English-language television programs
Hipolito González

Hipolito Gonzalez Calvo (born November 10, 1976 in Barcelona) is a goalball athlete from Spain. He has a disability: he is blind. He is a B2 type goalball player. He played goalball at the 1996 Summer Paralympics. His team was third. He played goalball at the 2000 Summer Paralympics. His team was third.
References
Spanish goalball players
Living people
1976 births
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
Sportspeople from Barcelona
1996 Summer Paralympics
2000 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type B2
Recologne, Doubs

Recologne is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
Cho Woo-Jin

Cho Woo-Jin (born 7 July 1987) is a South Korean football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||1||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2007||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
0||0||1||0||0||0||1||0
0||0||1||0||0||0||1||0
1987 births
Living people
South Korean footballers
Anal stricture

Anal stricture (also called anal stenosis) is a medical problem that is not common; it may be congenital (a baby is born with a medical problem), but usually if it does happen it is after anorectal surgery, which is surgery in the area of the rectum and anus. This may cause stricture (when a passage in the body becomes too narrow) of the anal canal, which leads to hard or painful bowel movements. When anal stenosis does occur it is usually after a hemorrhoidectomy, which is the surgical removal of hemorrhoids; this is the cause in 90% of cases of anal stenosis.
Mild stenosis can be treated with stool softeners or fiber (which come from plant foods) supplements (in pill or powder form). When the narrowing of the anal canal is not too much, an operation called a sphincterotomy can be done to correct the problem. This is an operation done on the internal anal sphincter muscle, a round muscle inside the anal canal. In cases where the anal canal becomes very narrow, an operation called an anoplasty is done. This is reconstructive surgery (also known as plastic surgery) of the anus.
References
Diseases and disorders of the digestive system
George Davis Snell

George Davis Snell (December 19, 1903 - June 6, 1996) was an American mouse geneticist and basic transplant immunologist.
Snell won the Wolf Prize in Medicine in 1978. He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1980 with Baruj Benacerraf and Jean Dausset. They won it "for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions". Snell specifically "discovered the genetic factors that determine the possibilities of transplanting tissue from one individual to another. It was Snell who introduced the concept of H antigens."
Snell was born on December 19, 1903 in Bradford, Massachusetts. He was the youngest of three children. In 1926, Snell received a Bachelor's degree from Dartmouth College. After recommendation by John Gerould, his genetics professor at Dartmouth, Snell completed graduate work at Harvard University where he worked with William E. Castle. In 1930, Snell earned his PhD from Harvard. After he earned his PhD, he worked at Brown University from 1930 to 1931. After he left, he spent two years at the University of Texas as a postdoctoral fellow. He worked with H. J. Muller, a pioneer of radiation genetics (and later, a Nobel Prize winner). Snell worked at WUSTL as a teacher from 1933 to 1934. After he had some short stints as a teacher, Snell joined the Jackson Laboratory staff in Bar Harbor, Maine and spent the rest of his life there. He died on June 6, 1996 in Bar Harbor, Maine.
References
1903 births
1996 deaths
American geneticists
American Nobel Prize winners
Harvard University alumni
American immunologists
Scientists from Maine
Scientists from Massachusetts
Wolf Prize winners
Keisha Lance Bottoms

Keisha Lance Bottoms (born January 18, 1970) is an American politician and lawyer. She was the 60th Mayor of Atlanta, Georgia from 2018 until 2022.
She was elected as mayor in 2017, after receiving the most votes in the runoff election (50.4%).
In June 2020, Bottoms became one of the final four finalists for Joe Biden's running mate for the 2020 election.
In July 2020, she was diagnosed with COVID-19 despite not having any symptoms.
On May 6, 2021, Bottoms announced that she would not seek reelection as mayor of Atlanta in the 2021 election.
In June 2022, it was announced that President Joe Biden had picked Bottoms to replace Cedric Richmond as the Director of the Office of Public Liaison.
References
1970 births
Living people
Mayors of Atlanta
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
African American politicians
Juma Xipaia

Juma Xipaia (or Xipaya) is an indigenous Brazilian Amazon activist and the first female Chief of the Middle Xingu region. She was the first Xipaya (Xipaia) to speak at the headquarters of the United Nations. She started speaking out and protesting the building of the Belo Monte Dam, but after receiving many threats and even an attempt on her life she moved to Switzerland in 2018 for a year. It was there in Switzerland where she spoke at the UN conference. She is a mother, warrior, and activist who is fighting for the rights of the rainforest.
Early life and education
Juma was born in 1991 west of the city of Altamira in Tucama. She grew up in a small indigenous community on the Iriri river. She currently has a husband and kids. In 2006 she left her village to pursue education. After she finished high school she went to law school. She dropped out after less than two years because "law and justice are two very different things." She is now a medical student at the Federal University of Para.
Personal life
Xipaya protested the $11 billion Belo Monte dam. She exposed corruption within the company. This led to many threats and a nearly successful attempt on her life. "These days I walk a few hundred meters form my house to the university and back, and I never walk alone" she says.
A lifetime of violence and threats
In 2017 Brazil was the world's most dangerous country for enviornmental activists. 57 out of the 201 deaths world wide were in Brazil. Juma exposed corruption in the building of the Belo Monte Mega Dam. After this she received many threats from extortion to death. For two years a white pickup truck followed her around. In the truck were two armed people that eventually made a life attempt that was nearly successful in killing her and her children. The police did not help her. After several more threats Juma moved to Switzerland for a year.
Other information
Juma tried to stop the building of the Belo Monte Dam but failed. She watched as her childhood village (Tucama ) change a lot. Their wooden houses were replaced by cement. Everyday new things were added like fridges and processed foods. Juma believes that this was the deliberate destruction of her culture, ethnocide.
References
Living people
Scarthyla vigilans

The Maracaibo Basin tree frog (Scarthyla vigilans) is a frog that lives in Venezuela, Colombia, Trinidad, and parts of the Caribbean.
References
Frogs of South America
Airport lounge

An airport lounge is a members-only rest area usually owned by an airline (or operated by several airlines). Anyone who pays the membership fee can join. Airport lounges are designed mainly for business travelers. Most offer private meeting rooms and other business services and conveniences. They offer comfortable seating, food, beverages (often an open bar) and free Wi-Fi.
Most major airlines have one or more lounges in the major airports they serve. The first airport lounge was owned by American Airlines. It opened in 1939 at LaGuardia Airport.
References
Airports
Pacific Data Images

Pacific Data Images (PDI) was an American computer animation production company that was bought by DreamWorks SKG in 2000. It was renamed PDI/DreamWorks and was owned by DreamWorks Animation.
Founded in 1980 by Carl Rosendahl, PDI was one of the pioneers of computer animation. It produced over 700 commercials, contributed visual effects to more than 70 feature movies, and produced and contributed to many DreamWorks Animation's movies, including the second computer-animated movie ever, Antz, and movies from the Shrek and Madagascar franchises
References
American animation studios
1980 establishments in the United States
2015 disestablishments in the United States
Defunct companies of the United States
Companies based in California
New Virginia, Iowa

New Virginia is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Montevideo, Minnesota

Montevideo is a city in the state of Minnesota in the United States. It is the county seat of Chippewa County.
Cities in Minnesota
County seats in Minnesota
Three Kingdoms

Three Kingdoms is the name of a historical period in Ancient China. This period lasted from about 180 or 220, to about 280. During this period, China was split between the kingdoms of Wei, Shu Han and Wu. After the fall of the Han dynasty, there were three important successors. However, none of the three was strong enough to win against the two others. During the Han dynasty, China had an emperor. After the end of the Han dynasty, three kingdoms were left. Chinese historians were unable to decide if there was a legitimate sucessor to the last Han emperor.
The last Han emperor Xian left power in 220, and handed it to Xao Pi. Jin Wudi was able to unite China again in 280. Between the two years was the period of the three kingdoms.
In the year 189, the central government lost most of its power. For this point on, it was unable to do much. For this reason, many people think that the time of the Three Kingdoms already started in 189.
History of China
Michael Connelly

Michael Joseph Connelly (born July 21, 1956) is an American author. He is known for his crime novels about LAPD Detective Hieronymus "Harry" Bosch and criminal defense attorney Mickey Haller.
His first novel, The Black Echo, won the Mystery Writers of America Edgar Award for Best First Novel in 1992. In 2002, Clint Eastwood directed and starred in the movie version of Connelly's 1997 novel, Blood Work.
References
1956 births
Living people
American novelists
Writers from Philadelphia
White House National Climate Advisor

The White House national climate advisor is a proposed government job within the White House Office. It was created when President Joe Biden was inaugurated on January 20, 2021.
The advisor works as the president's chief advisor on domestic climate change policy, and leads the White House Office of Domestic Climate Policy.
History
On December 14, 2020, it was announced that Gina McCarthy, the former administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency under President Barack Obama, would be the first national climate advisor. The New York deputy secretary of energy and environment, Ali Zaidi, was the first deputy national climate advisor. On 2 September 2022, Biden announced that Ali Zaidi will be promoted to Assistant to the President and National Climate Advisor.
Climate advisors
References
United States Executive Cabinet
Ingvar Cronhammar

Ingvar Cronhammar (17 December 1947 - 20 May 2021) was a sculptor from Sweden and Denmark known for his large, dark, and provocative works.
Life
Ingvar Cronhammar was born in Hassleholm in the south of Sweden. He moved to Denmark in 1965, where he studied at the Jutland Art Academy in Aarhus.
His early works were influenced by American environmental art. They featured live chickens with lamps strapped to their backs and chairs covered with pigskin. As his career progressed, Cronhammar created larger works. Examples include The Gate, a steel machine representing death, and Elia (1989-2001), a massive steel sculpture that spews fire.
His interest in machines also led him to create artworks using animal bones, bird wings, and skin. In his pieces, he combined elements from nature and human culture.
Cronhammar made his sculptures from materials like mahogany, steel, and rubber. They can be found in museums and public spaces in Denmark. The Herning Museum of Contemporary Art has a big collection of his works.
Ingvar Cronhammar passed away on May 20, 2021, at the age of 73.
Awards
In 1993, Cronhammar was awarded the Eckersberg Medal. In 2003, he was awarded Thorvaldsen Medal. He was decorated a Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog in 2007.
References
1947 births
2021 deaths
Swedish artists
Lame duck

Lame duck is a term used to describe an elected politician who will soon be leaving office. It is used for those leaving either because the have held the office for the most terms they are allowed to (term limit) or because they have lost an election. Because they are not seen to still have much remaining power, lame duck politicians will often not get much done. They sometimes make decisions that many people do not agree with because they know the decision will not make them lose an election.
For example, a US President is said to be a lame duck president during their second term as President because they can only be President for two terms. If they lose the election to stay as the President for a second term, they are also seen as a lame duck from the time the election results are final until January 20 of the next year when the winner of the election becomes President.
Politics
Bottighofen

Bottighofen is a municipality of the district of Kreuzlingen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
Bottighofen is on Lake Constance.
References
Other websites
http://www.svb-bottighofen.ch/images/hafen.jpg
http://www.bottighofen.ch
http://www.bottighofen.ch.vu/
Municipalities of Thurgau
Glanville, Calvados

Glanville is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Calvados
Takuya Nozawa

Takuya Nozawa (born 12 August 1981) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Kashima Antlers.
Club career statistics
|-
|1999||rowspan="12"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="12"|J. League 1||1||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|2000||0||0||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|2001||5||0||2||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||7||1
|-
|2002||13||0||3||0||6||2||colspan="2"|-||22||2
|-
|2003||5||0||4||2||1||0||2||1||12||3
|-
|2004||16||2||3||1||7||3||colspan="2"|-||26||6
|-
|2005||28||10||3||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||33||11
|-
|2006||29||9||1||0||11||1||colspan="2"|-||42||10
|-
|2007||29||5||5||0||6||1||colspan="2"|-||40||6
|-
|2008||27||3||2||0||2||0||6||4||37||7
|-
|2009||33||7||4||2||2||0||7||2||46||11
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||||||
186||36||27||7||38||7||15||7||266||57
186||36||27||7||38||7||15||7||266||57
|}
References
Kashima Antlers
1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Ibaraki Prefecture
The Leonardo (Sandton)

The Leonardo is a 55-floor mixed-use building in Sandton, Johannesburg, South Africa. It stands at a height of , taller than the third tallest building in Africa, the Carlton Centre. It is built at 75 Maude Street, approximately 100 metres from the Johannesburg Stock Exchange.
References
Buildings and structures in South Africa
San Juan, Texas

San Juan is a city in Hidalgo County, Texas, United States.
Cities in Texas
Allen Ginsberg

Irwin Allen Ginsberg (June 3, 1926 - April 5, 1997) was an American poet and author. He was part of the Beat Generation movement of poets in the 1950s. He was a friend of writers Jack Kerouac and William S. Burroughs, and later made friends with musicians Bob Dylan, Donovan, John Lennon and Yoko Ono, and many other celebrities.
Ginsberg's most famous work was called Howl. It was a long poem about the social conditions of the United States in the 1950s. It began with the words "I saw the best minds of my generation destroyed by madness." It went on to describe the frustration felt by many Americans, young people and minorities in particular. There were problems in the country, such as prejudice and intolerance, that needed to be spoken about. Ginsberg published the poem, and also performed it at public poetry readings.
A few people did not like Howl, or the graphic language Ginsberg used. They tried to have Howl banned, and they wanted Ginsberg to be prosecuted (given a court trial, then either fined or put in jail). Ginsberg went to trial, and the judge decided Howl was an important work, and told the truth about America at the time. The judge rejected the ban and cleared Ginsberg, who could then continue to publish and perform the poem.
Ginsberg became involved in social causes through his work, and through the famous people he met. He grew up in the Jewish faith, but later became a Buddhist. He was a homosexual, and his longtime partner was another poet, Peter Orlovsky. He also had a long relationship with Neal Cassady, who appeared as "N.C., secret hero of these poems" in Howl.
Death
Ginsberg died in 1997 of liver cancer.
References
1926 births
1997 deaths
American activists
American Buddhists
LGBT people from New Jersey
American poets
Beat Generation
Cancer deaths in New York City
Deaths from liver cancer
Gay men
Industrial Workers of the World
Jewish American writers
LGBT writers
LGBT poets
Writers from Newark, New Jersey
Steppenwolf

Steppenwolf was a Canadian-American rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1967. The band has sold more than 25 million units worldwide, releasing 8 gold albums and 13 Hot 100 singles, including three top-10 hits in "Born to Be Wild", '"Magic Carpet Ride", and "Rock Me".
Popular culture
"Born to Be Wild," which has been long associated with motorcycles, has appeared in numerous movies including Easy Rider.
"Magic Carpet Ride" appears in numerous movie soundtracks, including Star Trek: First Contact, Team America: World Police, Apollo 13, Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back, Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me, and Sahara.
American rock bands
American heavy metal bands
American hard rock bands
Canadian rock bands
Musical groups from Los Angeles
Musical entertainers from Toronto
1967 establishments in North America
1972 disestablishments
1974 establishments in North America
2014 Hong Kong protests

The 2014 Hong Kong protests, also known as the Umbrella Revolution, are a series of protests in Hong Kong that started on 27 September 2014. They are protesting against the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress' (NPCSC) decision on the proposed electoral reform for the planned 2017 Hong Kong Chief Executive election. The NPCSC would need a nomination committee to pre-approve up to three electoral candidates before they go on to a vote that involves the general population. After the election, the Chief Executive-elect still has to be formally appointed by the central government before they can officially take their post.
The student groups Hong Kong Federation of Students and Scholarism started protesting outside of the government headquarters on the 22 September, 2014. During the evening of 26 September, there were a group of several hundred demonstrators that broke through a security barrier and had entered the plaza in front of the Central Government Complex. The police then closed off and blockaded it overnight. This caused more protesters to join and surround the police. The standoff between the protesters and police lasted for a day, during which the police started attacking unarmed protesters with shields, batons, and pepper spray. The movement Occupy Central with Love and Peace announced that they would start their civil disobedience campaign with starting immediately.
On 28 September at around noon, the protesters moved onto Harcourt Road and went on to occupy Queensway. After a standoff that lasted for several hours, police started using tear gas and water cannons on the crowds and they also threatened to open fire with rubber bullets if they did not leave.
Further reading
Umbrella Movement
2019-20 Hong Kong protests
References
2014 in China
2010s in Hong Kong
2010s protests
Milutin Knežević

Milutin Knezevic (; 10 January 1949 - 30 March 2020) was a Serbian Orthodox prelate, Bishop of the Eparchy of Australia and New Zealand between 2003 and 2006, and the Eparchy of Valjevo from 2006 to 2020.
He died on 30 March 2020, from problems due to COVID-19. He became first Eastern Orthodox bishop who died of COVID-19.
References
1949 births
2020 deaths
Serbian Orthodox priests
Eastern Orthodox bishops
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia
Sasaki

Sasaki (Japanese: Zuo "Mu ) is a common Japanese surname. Notable people with this name are listed.
Kyozan Joshu Sasaki - Japanese and American Roshi Rinzai Zen teacher
Footballers
Norio Sasaki
Sho Sasaki
Masanao Sasaki
Mayu Sasaki
Koji Sasaki
Hirokazu Sasaki
Tadashi Sasaki
Takahiro Sasaki
Hitoshi Sasaki (footballer, born 1891)
Ryuta Sasaki
Takefumi Sasaki
Hayato Sasaki
Japanese-language surnames
Pettneu am Arlberg

Pettneu am Arlberg is a municipality of the district Landeck in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Tyrol (state)
Division of Northern Territory

The Division of Northern Territory was an Australian Electoral Division in the Northern Territory from 1922 until 2001. During this time it was the only Division in the Territory.
The Division was set up in 1922, as a part of the Northern Territory Representation Act 1922. The Member for Northern Territory did not have full voting rights until 1968, and did not count for the purpose of forming government. Before 1936, the Member could speak in the House and take part in committee work, but could not vote. Between 1936 and 1959 the Member had limited voting on Territory laws. Between 1959 and 1968, the Member could only vote on laws that affected the Territory.
In December 2000, the Division was split into two new divisions, the Division of Solomon, which covered the area immediately around Darwin, and the Division of Lingiari, which covered the rest of the territory.
On 19 February 2003, the new Divisions were removed and a single Division was brought back. On 28 April 2004 the Commonwealth Electoral Amendment (Representation in the House of Representatives) Act 2004 had the effect of leaving the Northern Territory divided into two Divisions.
Members
References
Northern Territory
1922 establishments in Australia
2001 disestablishments
Alania Suttie

Alania Suttie is a swimmer from Samoa. Alania was born on 23 February 1999. Alania competed at the 2017 World Aquatics Championships.
References
Other websites
1999 births
Living people
Samoan sportspeople
Swimmers
Shiro Misaki

was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
In May 1934, when Misaki was a Kwansei Gakuin University student, he was selected the Japan national team for Far Eastern Championship Games in Manila. At this competition, on May 13, he debuted against Dutch East Indies. He also played against Philippines and Republic of China. He played 3 games for Japan in 1934.
Statistics
|-
|1934||3||0
|-
!Total||3||0
|}
References
Other websites
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Japanese footballers
Japan international footballers