pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Blackmail (disambiguation)

Blackmail is the act of threatening to reveal information about a person or group unless a specific demand is met.
Emotional blackmail is a form of psychological manipulation.
Blackmail may also refer to:
Blackmail, a 1929 UK film directed by Alfred Hitchcock
Blackmailer (1936 film), a 1936 US film directed by Gordon Wiles
Blackmail (1939 movie), a 1939 US film starring Edward G. Robinson
Blackmail (1947 movie), a 1947 film noir
Blackmailed (1951 film), a 1951 film with James Robertson Justice
Black Mail (1973 film), a 1973 Hindi film starring Dharmendra
Black Mail (1985 film), a 1985 Malayalam film
Black Mail (1991 film), a 1991 US television film starring Susan Blakely
Blackmail (2005 film), a 2005 Hindi film starring Ajay Devgan
Blackmail (2015 film), a Bangladeshi film
Blackmail (band), a German indie rock band
Blackmail (album), the self-named debut album of the band
Blackmail (webisodes), a spin-off series of mini-episodes of The Office
"Blackmail" (Law & Order), a 2010 episode of the long-running NBC legal drama, Law & Order
"Blackmail", a song by 10cc from the album The Original Soundtrack
Hialeah Gardens, Florida

Hialeah Gardens is a city of Florida in the United States. It is in Miami-Dade County.
References
Cities in Florida
1948 establishments in the United States
1940s establishments in Florida
Aufhausen

Aufhausen is a municipality in Regensburg in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Regensburg (district)
Bernard Sahlins

Bernard "Bernie" Sahlins (1922 - June 16, 2013) was an American writer, television and theatre director, and comedian. He was best known as a founder of The Second City improvisational comedy troupe with Paul Sills and Howard Alk in 1959. Sahlins also opened the Second City Theatre in Toronto in 1973.
Sahlins was born in 1922 in Chicago, Illinois. He studied at the University of Chicago in 1943. On June 16, 2013, Sahlins died at his home from natural causes in Chicago, Illinois, aged 90. He was survived by his wife, Jane Nicholl Sahlins.
References
Other websites
1922 births
2013 deaths
American television directors
American television producers
American stage actors
Writers from Chicago
Comedians from Chicago
Peter Lombard

Peter Lombard (also Peter the Lombard, Pierre Lombard or Petrus Lombardus; 1096, Novara - 21/22 July 1160, Paris), was an Italian Scholastic theologian. His work was very well known in the Middle Ages. He wrote Sentences, and became Bishop of Paris. Theologians from Thomas Aquinas to John Calvin were influenced by him. In 2009 Pope Benedict XVI spoke about his work.
References
Other websites
Text of Sentences
1096 births
1164 deaths
Christian theologians
Italian Roman Catholic priests
French Roman Catholic bishops
Writers from Piedmont
People from Novara
James Jungius

Vice Admiral Sir James George Jungius KBE DL (15 November 1923 - 14 October 2020) was a Royal Navy officer. He became Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic in 1975. Jungius was promoted to rear admiral on 7 July 1972 and appointed Assistant Chief of the Naval Staff (Operational Requirements) the same year.
He died on 14 October 2020 at the age of 96.
References
1923 births
2020 deaths
British military people
Carpinteria, California

Carpinteria is a small oceanside city located in southeastern Santa Barbara County, California, east of Santa Barbara and northwest of Ventura. The population was 13,264 at the 2020 census.
References
Cities in California
Settlements in Santa Barbara County, California
Big Banana Feet

Big Banana Feet is a 1976 comedy documentary movie of Billy Connolly directed by Murray Grigor and David Peat.
Story
They followed Billy on his 1975 Irish tour.
Other websites
http://www.glasgowfilm.org/festival/whats_on/3487_big_banana_feet
1976 comedy movies
British comedy movies
English-language movies
Nairo Quintana

Nairo Alexander Quintana Rojas, ODB, (born 4 February 1990) is a Colombian professional cyclist. He rides for Team Movistar. He is a specialist climber. In 2014 he won the Giro d'Italia. In 2013 he won the polka dot jersey at the Tour de France.
Career
In 2012, he moved to Europe to join the Spanish Movistar Team. He won the Vuelta a Murcia and also won the Criterium du Dauphine, the Route du Sud and the Giro dell'Emilia. At the Vuelta a Espana, he helped his teammate Alejandro Valverde finish in second place overall.
In 2013, Quintana won the Tour of the Basque Country and the Vuelta a Burgos.
At the 2013 Tour de France, Quintana attacked on the mountain stages and finished second overall. He also won the Young Riders Jersey and the Polka dot jersey competition for the best climber.
2014 season
He won the Tour de San Luis and came second overall at Tirreno-Adriatico.
Because of the high mountains included in the 2014 Giro d'Italia, Quintana decided to try to win the Giro instead of racing in the Tour de France. He didn't begin the Giro very well, but rode strongly in the final week and won the race. As well as winning overall, Quintana won the white jersey for best young rider.
Achievements
2010
1st Overall Tour de l'Avenir
1st Stages 6 & 7
2011
1st Mountains classification, Volta a Catalunya
2012
1st Overall Vuelta a Murcia
1st Stage 1
1st Overall Route du Sud
1st Stage 3
1st Giro dell'Emilia
1st Stage 6 Criterium du Dauphine
1st Stage 1 (TTT) Vuelta a Espana
1st Young rider classification, Vuelta a la Comunidad de Madrid
2013
1st Overall Tour of the Basque Country
1st Points classification
1st Stage 4
1st Overall Vuelta a Burgos
1st Stage 5
2nd Overall Tour de France
1st Mountains classification
1st Young rider classification
1st Stage 20
4th Overall Volta a Catalunya
1st Stage 3
7th Overall Vuelta a Andalucia
2014
1st Overall Tour de San Luis
1st Mountains classification
1st Stage 4
1st Overall Giro d'Italia
1st Young rider classification
1st Stages 16 & 19 (ITT)
2nd Overall Tirreno-Adriatico
1st Young rider classification
5th Overall Volta a Catalunya
References
1990 births
Living people
Colombian cyclists
Tour de France cyclists
Artenay

Artenay is a French commune. It is in the Loiret department.
References
Communes in Loiret
Seneca language

The Seneca Language is the language spoken by the Seneca people. It is part of the Iroquoian language family. It is closely related to the Cayuga language. It is spoken on reservations in Western New York. The language has 13 letters. The language is rich in verbs. One can add to verb bases. There are no strict word order rules. The Seneca Faithkeepers School was founded in 1998 to teach young children the language. The language is endangered, but it is being taught and studied.
Related pages
Seneca people
Iroquois
References
Iroquoian languages
Wheeler County, Oregon

Wheeler County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the county has a population of 1,451 people. The county seat is Fossil. It is the smallest county by population in Oregon.
References
Oregon counties
Nasser Givehchi

Nasser Givehchi (, November 12, 1932 - May 15, 2017) was an Iranian wrestler. He won the silver medal in the Featherweight division of Freestyle wrestling in the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, and also competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics, where he managed to get to sixth place in the 62 kg division.
Givehchi ranked fifth at the 1954 World Wrestling Championships in Tokyo. In the 1958 Asian Games in Tokyo Givehchi managed to win the bronze medal of the 62 kg division.
Givehchi died in Tehran, Iran on May 15, 2017 at the age of 86.
References
1932 births
2017 deaths
Iranian Olympians
Iranian wrestlers
Olympic silver medalists
Controlled flight into terrain

A controlled flight into terrain (CFIT, usually pronounced cee-fit) is an accident in which an airworthy aircraft, under pilot control, is unintentionally flown into the ground, a mountain, a body of water or an obstacle. In a typical CFIT scenario, the crew is not aware of the situation until it is too late to stop it. The term was coined by engineers at Boeing in the late 1970s.
Accidents where the aircraft is out of control at the time of impact, because of mechanical failure or pilot error, are not considered CFIT (they are known as uncontrolled flight into terrain). Accidents resulting from the deliberate action of the person flying the aircraft, such as acts of terrorism or suicide by pilot.
According to Boeing, CFIT is a leading cause of airplane accidents involving the loss of life. It has caused over 9,000 deaths since the beginning of the commercial jet age. CFIT was identified as a cause of 25% of USAF Class A mishaps between 1993 and 2002.
References
Fatal Plane Crash Recorded From Inside The Plane (CFIT); YouTube
Controlled Flight Into Terrain - by Cessna; YouTube
Aviation safety
Suzanne Bertrand

Suzanne Bertrand was a French competitive swimmer and dancer from Paris during the early 1920s. She was a member of Libellule de Paris.
Career
Swimming
Bertrand was most succesfull in 1920. On 7 June she won the 100 metre event at the swimming event organized by the "Ligue Maritime Francaise". On 18 July she won the 50 metre debutant competition. Near the end of the year she won the 100 metre event in Chateau-Landon. During the year she also competed a other swimming competitions, including at the national championships and the championships of Paris. In 1922 she was a member of the French national team that competed at the 1922 Women's Olympiad in Monte Carlo, about the earliest international women's swimming championships. She competed in the 100 metre freestyle event and in the 200 metre breaststroke event. In the 100 metre freestyle heats she competed in her heat against the Belgian Germaine van Dievoet who won the heat, the Dutch Alida Bolten and British Ayden.
Dancing
As a dancer she practiced dancing at the school of . At the 1922 Women's Olympiad she participated in the gymnastics dancing demonstration event.
Personal life
Bonnet lived in Paris. She was the sister of water polo player M. Bertrand, who played with La Libellule de Paris.
References
Other websites
Image of the dancing demonstration at the 1922 Olympiad
French swimmers
French dancers
Sportswomen
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Sportspeople from Paris
Tolulope Arotile

Tolulope Arotile (December 13, 1995 - July 14, 2020), also known as Tolulope Oluwatoyin Sarah Arotile, was Nigeria's first female combat helicopter pilot in the Nigerian Air Force.
She was credited with fighting against insecurity in the northern states of Nigeria.
On 29 July 2020, Isaiah Ogedegbe praised Arotile in his tribute, describing her as "a young, brilliant, and brave lady with a promising future".
Birth, education and career
Tolulope Arotile was born in Kaduna, Nigeria on 13 December 1995 to the family of Mr and Mrs Akintunde Arotile, but she came from the Iffe area in Ijumu Local Government Area of Kogi State, Nigeria.
She attended Air Force Primary School, Kaduna from 2000 to 2005 and Air Force Secondary School, Kaduna from 2006 to 2011 before she later gained admission into the Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna as a member of 64 Regular Course on 22 September 2012, where she got Bachelor of Science degree in Mathematics.
Arotile had said she joined the military because of her love for the military. She had also said to be a military officer was her long time dream.
She was commissioned into the Nigerian Airforce on 16 September 2017 as a member of the Nigerian Defence Academy Regular Course 64.
She held a commercial pilot license and also underwent tactical flying training with the Agusta 109 Power Attack Helicopter in Italy.
In October 2019, the Nigerian Air Force had decorated her as the first female pilot that the service would get in 55 years.
Death and burial
On 14 July 2020, less than eight months since her decoration, Tolulope Arotile died at the age of 24 in Kaduna, Nigeria. The Nigeria President, the NAF, and the Nigerian masses were deeply touched by the news of her premature death resulting from a head injury she sustained in a car accident.
She was buried on 23 July 2020. She was remembered as a good woman who could have impacted the lives of many young Nigerian girls and women in the future.
References
1995 births
2020 deaths
Nigerian military people
People from Kaduna State
Inca rope bridge

Inca rope bridges were simple suspension bridges over canyons and gorges to provide access for the Inca Empire. Bridges of this type were suitable for use since the Inca people did not use wheeled transport - traffic was limited to pedestrians and livestock. These bridges were an important part on the Inca road system and are an excellent example of Inca innovation in engineering. They were frequently used by runners delivering messages throughout the Incan empire.
Other websites
The Last Inca Suspension Bridge: A Photo Album (various images of amazing Inca Bridges and pathways, old and new.)
Boston University, Inca Bridge to the past This bridge was also in use of crossing when they were at war.
References
Incas: Lords of Gold and Glory, 1992, Virginia: Time-Life Books.
Finch, Ric, 2002, Keshwa Chaca: Straw Bridge of the Incas: Ithaca, N.Y., South American Explorer, n. 69, fall/winter 2002, p. 6-13. Copies of this issue may still be available for purchase from the South American Explorer.
Gade, D.W., 1972, Bridge types in the central Andes: Annals of the Association of American Geographers, v. 62 (1), p. 94-109. [Shows the bridge at Huinchiri and predicts the art of building it will be lost within another generation; fortunately, this prediction has proven untrue, and ethnic/adventure tourism may help save this bridge for posterity.]
Malaga Miglio, Patricia, and Gutierrez, Alberto, (pub. date unknown), Qishwachaca: Rumbos (magazine published in Peru), p. 30-34.
McIntyre, Loren, 1973, The Lost Empire of the Incas: National Geographic Magazine, v. 144, n. 6, p. 729-787.
McIntyre, Loren, 1975, The Incredible Incas and Their Timeless Land: Washington D.C., National Geographic Society, 199 p.
Roca Basadre, David and Coaguila, Jorge, eds., 2001, Canon delApurimac, La Ruta Sagrada del Dios Hablador: Lima, Empresa Editora ElComercio, S.A., 78 p.
Secrets of Lost Empires: Inca, 1995, NOVA program, available on video.
Squier, Ephraim George, 1877, Peru: Incidents of Travel and Exploration in the Land of the Incas: New York, Harper Bros., 577 p.
Von Hagen, Victor, 1955, Highway of the Sun: New York, Duell, Sloan and Pearce, 120 p.
Chmielinski, Piotr, 1987, Kayaking the Amazon: National Geographic Magazine, v. 171, n. 4, p. 460 - 473.
Suspension bridges
Inca civilization
Ropework
Gareth Thomas

Gareth Daniel Thomas (12 February 1945 - 13 April 2016) was a Welsh actor. He was best known for his role as Roj Blake in the BBC science fiction television series Blake's 7, but appeared in many other movies and television programmes, including Shem in the ITV sci-fi series Star Maidens and Adam Brake in the fantasy series Children of the Stones.
Thomas died of heart failure in Surrey, Greater London on 13 April 2016, aged 71.
References
Other websites
Hermit.org: Biography and role listing
Obituary - BBC
1945 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Welsh movie actors
Welsh television actors
2012 AFC U-19 Championship

2012 AFC U-19 Championship was held in United Arab Emirates from 3 to 17 November.
Results
Group stage
Group A
Group B
Group C
Group D
Knockout stage
References
AFC U-20 Asian Cup
2012 in association football
2012 in Asia
Football in the United Arab Emirates
November events
Samuil Blekhman

Samuil Markovich Blekhman (; 15 May 191826 July 1982) was a known philatelist (stamp collector) of the Soviet Union. He wrote many notable philatelic books and articles about stamps and stamp collecting. Blekhman was born and lived much of his life in Moscow. He was trained and worked as an engineer.
Blekhman's works were related to postal history and postage stamps of Tuva, Mongolia, Russia and Soviet Union. He also wrote works about airmail. Blekhman participated in prestigious national and international philatelic exhibitions. He won a number of top awards. One of his main philatelic writings was a detailed study of Tuva stamps and their cataloging. This work won a major award at the World Stamp Exhibition "PRAGA 1962". After Blekhman's death, it was translated and published in English.
Major works in English
In addition to many Russian articles, Samuil Blekhman published philatelic papers in English:
Related pages
Tuva
References
1918 births
1982 deaths
Jewish writers
Philatelists
Philately of the Soviet Union
Russian Jews
Soviet Jews
Soviet writers
Writers from Moscow
Udemy

Udemy, Inc. is an American massive open online course (MOOC) provider. It is aimed at professional adults and students. The company was founded in May 2010 by Eren Bali, Gagan Biyani, and Oktay Caglar.
The platform is a massively-open online course (M.O.O.C.) website,=. On it, anyone can create and promote courses in the style of traditional post-secondary education. Users can also take courses to earn credit towards technical certification, or just to pick up or improve various job-related skills.
As of April 2021, the platform has more than 40 million students, 155,000 courses and 70,000 instructors teaching courses in over 65 languages. There have been over 480 million course enrollments. Students and instructors come from 180+ countries and 2/3 of the students are located outside of the U.S.
References
American technology companies
Companies based in San Francisco
2010 establishments in the United States
Tanzania women's national under-17 football team

The Tanzania women's national under 17 football team represents Tanzania in international women's under 17 football. They have qualified for the FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup for the first time in 2022 and being the first Tanzanian football team to be the World Cup in any gender.
African national football teams
Football in Tanzania
National sports teams of Tanzania
Lac de la Haute-Sûre

Lac de la Haute-Sure (, ) is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Wiltz.
As of 2019, 1,952 people live here.
Communes of Luxembourg
It's A Big Big World

It's A Big Big World is a children's television show on PBS Kids.
American children's television series
PBS Kids shows
2006 American television series debuts
2010 American television series endings
Fat Wreck Chords

Fat Wreck Chords is a San Francisco, California based independent record label, made for punk rock. It was started by Fat Mike (lead singer and bassist of the punk rock band NOFX) and his wife, Erin, in 1990.
They have made material for bands such as Descendents, Me First and the Gimme Gimmes, Propagandhi, Rise Against, Lagwagon, Strung Out, No Use for a Name, Less Than Jake, Against Me!, Anti-Flag, Facing The Giants, Return To The Wars, Hallowed Ground, and his own band NOFX.
American record labels
Music in San Francisco
Punk rock
1990 establishments in California
Katsuyoshi Kuwahara

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team. His brother Takashi Kuwahara is also a former footballer.
Biography
Kuwahara was born in Fujieda on May 30, 1944. After graduating from Fujieda Higashi High School, he played for Nippon Light Metal and Nagoya Mutual Bank. In 1971, Nagoya Mutual Bank was disbanded and he retired.
On March 22, 1965, Kuwahara debuted for the Japan national team against Burma. On March 25, he also played against Singapore. He played 2 games for Japan in 1965.
After retirement, Kuwahara became a manager for Japanese Regional Leagues club Honda in 1973. He promoted the club to Japan Soccer League Division 2 in 1975 and Division 1 in 1981. He resigned in 1982. In 1987, he became a manager new club PJM Futures and managed until 1992.
Statistics
|-
|1965||2||0
|-
!Total||2||0
|}
References
Other websites
1944 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Japan Soccer League players
Bed-Sitter Images

Bed-Sitter Images is the debut studio album by Al Stewart released in 1967 and revised in 1970.
Track listing
1967 release
Side 1
"Bedsitter Images" - 3:20
"Swiss Cottage Manoeuvres" - 3:59
"The Carmichaels" - 2:52
"Scandinavian Girl" - 2:35
"Pretty Golden Hair" - 3:39
"Denise at 16" - 3:18
Side 2
"Samuel, Oh How You've Changed" - 4:00
"Cleave to Me" - 2:53
"A Long Way Down from Stephanie" - 3:27
"Ivich" - 4:24
"Beleeka Doodle Day" - 6:57
1970 UK Re-release
All songs written by Al Stewart except where noted
Side 1
"Lover Man" (Mike Heron) - 2:31
"Swiss Cottage Manoeuvres" - 3:59
"The Carmichaels" - 2:52
"Clifton in the Rain" - 2:41
"Bed Sitter Images" - 3:20
Side 2
"Denise at 16" - 3:18
"Samuel, Oh How You've Changed!" - 4:00
"A Long Way Down from Stephanie" - 3:27
"Ivich" - 4:24
"Beleeka Doodle Day" - 6:57
2007 Collectors' Choice Music edition bonus tracks
"Go Your Way" - 1:51
"My Contemporaries" - 0:30
1967 albums
Al Stewart albums
Caersws

Caersws (Welsh: Caersws) is a village and community in Powys, a county in Wales. It is in the historic county of Montgomeryshire.
It is situated 5 miles (8 km) west of Newtown and is halfway between Aberystwyth and Shrewsbury, England.
The 2011 census found that the community had a population of 1,586 people and the village itself had a population of just over 800 people. The community includes the settlements of Clatter, Llanwnnog and Pontdolgoch.
Transport
The village has a railway station on the Cambrian Line between Shrewsbury and Aberystwyth and Pwllheli. The station is served by Transport for Wales trains that head west to Aberystwyth and Pwllheli and trains that head east to Shrewsbury. Most of the trains that head east from the station continue past Shrewsbury and end at Birmingham International.
Gallery
Villages in Wales
Anna Popplewell

Anna Katherine Popplewell (born 16 December, 1988) is an English theatre, television and movie actress. She is known for her role as Susan Pevensie in The Chronicles of Narnia movie series since 2005, as Chyler Silva in Halo 4: Forward Unto Dawn since 2012 and Lady Lola in Reign from 2013-2016.
Awards and nominations
Other websites
1988 births
English child actors
English movie actors
English television actors
English stage actors
Living people
Worland, Wyoming

Worland is a city in the U.S. state of Wyoming. It is the county seat of Washakie County.
Cities in Wyoming
County seats in Wyoming
Järsi

Jarsi is a village in Raasiku Parish, Harju County in north Estonia.
Raasiku Parish
Villages in Estonia
Yuniesky Betancourt

Yuniesky Betancourt (born January 31, 1982 in Santa Clara, Cuba) is a Cuban baseball player. He currently plays as a shortstop for the Milwaukee Brewers of Major League Baseball (MLB).
Betancourt formerly played for the Seattle Mariners from 2005 to 2009 and the Kansas City Royals from 2009 to 2010 before being traded along with Zack Greinke to the Brewers for Alcides Escobar, Lorenzo Cain, Jeremy Jeffress, Jake Odorizzi, and $2,000,000 to reportedly offset the buyout of Betancourt's club option in 2012.
Other websites
Yuniesky Betancourt at mlb.com
1982 births
Living people
Cuban baseball players
Kansas City Royals players
Seattle Mariners players
Miyamoto Musashi

Miyamoto Musashi (c. 1584 - June 13, 1645), was also known as Shinmen Takezo, Miyamoto Bennosuke or, by his Buddhist name, Niten Doraku. He was a Japanese Samurai and ronin. Even from a young age Musashi became well known for his excellent swordsmanship and won some sixty duels. He always had money and had a number of other ronins as followers. Musashi is best known as the author of The Book of Five Rings. It is a book on strategy, tactics, and philosophy. The book is very popular in modern Japan and the western world among successful business people.
References
1584 births
1645 deaths
Japanese philosophers
Japanese martial artists
Bishnu Prasad Prasain

Bishnu Prasad Prasain () is a Former Governor of Bagmati Province.
References
Living people
Nepalese politicians
Blue Puppy

Blue Puppy () is a 1976 Soviet animated movie directed by Yefim Gamburg.
Voice cast
Mikhail Boyarsky as a Pirate
Alisa Freindlich as Blue Puppy
Alexander Gradsky as a Sailor and the Sawfish
Andrei Mironov as a Black Cat
References
Other websites
1976 movies
1970s animated movies
Soviet animated movies
Utmankhel

The Utmankhel () are a Pashtun tribe who live in the hills to the north of Peshawar in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Their land lies between the Mohmands and the Ranizais of Swat, to the west and south-west of the junction of the Swat and Panjkora rivers. They claim to be descendants of Baba Utman Shamraiz, who accompanied Sher Shah Suri in his expedition into India . The Utman Khel are a tall, stout and fair race, but their dress and general customs have been assimilated by the neighbouring peoples of Bajour. Their land is very hilly and difficult, but has well cultivated in terraces.
The British conducted military campaigns against them in 1852, 1878, and 1898. They numbered some 40,000, and their fighting strength was about 8000 men.
There are some subtribes of Utman Khel. These are called:
Mandal () (elder son of Utman)
Sawar Khel
Mutaki (mtk~)
Toori Khel
Ali Khel
Utman zai
Ibrahim Khel
Raja khel
Najeem khel
Aghdad khel
Ali Zai
Boota Khel
Bazai
Ismail Khel
Umar khel
Khumar Khel
Kamal Khel
sarni Khel
Sarkani khel
Sikandar khel
References
Pakistani tribes
Ethnic groups in Pakistan
Ethnic groups in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Grandcourt, Somme

Grandcourt is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Faraday's law of induction

Faraday's law of induction is a law of physics proposed by English physicist Michael Faraday in 1831. It is one of the basic laws of electromagnetism. The law explains how generators, transformers and electrical motors work.
Faraday's law of induction says that when a magnetic field changes, it causes a voltage, a difference in the electric potential that can make electric currents flow. That phenomenon was also found by Joseph Henry in 1831.
Imagine we have a closed loop of wire. To figure out how much current will be "induced" (i.e. produced by the magnetic field), we need to define the magnetic flux, a number describing how much of the magnetic field is actually going through the loop. Magnetic fields are vector fields, so they have both a strength and a direction. This leads to the following surface integral:
where
PhB is the magnetic flux
is the (possibly moving) surface whose boundary is the wire loop
B is the magnetic field
dA is a small part of the surface.
That is, we could imagine filling in the wire loop with a thin surface, like a soap film. This formula tells us to look at every point on that surface, measure how much the magnetic field is pointing straight through the loop at that point, and add up all those measurements to get a single number. That number is the magnetic flux. When the flux changes, it produces electromotive force. The flux changes when B changes or when the wire loop is moved or bent, or when both happen. The electromotive force can then be calculated with the following equation:
is the electromotive force
N is the number of loops the wire makes
PhB is the magnetic flux of one loop
- is representative of Lenz's law and indicates direction of the electromotive force
This equation says that how much current is induced in the wire loop depends directly on how fast the magnetic flux is changing in time, whether due to the loop moving or the magnetic field changing.
Related pages
Lenz's law
References
Electromagnetism
Laws of physics
de:Elektromagnetische Induktion#Induktionsgesetz in Integralform
Private Dancer (Tina Turner song)

"Private Dancer" is a 1984 song by Tina Turner and is the third single from her fifth studio album Private Dancer. It went to number 4 in the Netherlands, number 5 in Belgium and New Zealand, number 6 in Spain, number 7 in the United States, number 11 in Canada and Finland, number 14 in Ireland, number 20 in Germany, number 21 in Australia and number 26 in the United Kingdom.
Versions and mixes
7-inch edit - 3:54
Album version - 7:11
The album version was remastered in 2015. The song remained the same length and is titled "Private Dance - 2015 Remaster."
References
1984 songs
1980s ballads
Pop ballads
Tina Turner songs
Sophisti-pop songs
Keiichi Zaizen

is a former Japanese football player. He became coach of Consadole Sapporo in 2013.
Club career statistics
|-
|1987/88||rowspan="5"|Nissan Motors||rowspan="5"|JSL Division 1||1||0||||||||||1||0
|-
|1988/89||0||0||||||||||0||0
|-
|1989/90||3||0||||||0||0||3||0
|-
|1990/91||4||0||||||0||0||4||0
|-
|1991/92||3||0||||||3||0||6||0
|-
|1992||rowspan="2"|Yokohama Marinos||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||colspan="2"|-||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1993||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|1994||Kashiwa Reysol||Football League||3||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|1995||Yokohama Marinos||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|1996||Consadole Sapporo||Football League||4||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||4||0
19||0||0||0||3||0||22||0
19||0||0||0||3||0||22||0
|}
References
1968 births
Living people
Footballers from Hokkaido Prefecture
Paolo Sorrentino

Paolo Sorrentino (born 31 May 1970) is an Italian director and screenwriter. His movies include One Man Up (2001), The Consequences of Love (2004), The Family Friend (2006), Il Divo (2008), This Must Be the Place (2011) and The Great Beauty (2013).
Sorrentino was born in Naples.
References
Other websites
1970 births
Living people
BAFTA Award winners
Italian movie directors
Italian screenwriters
Movie people from Naples
Writers from Campania
Relay For Life

Relay For Life is a fundraising event for cancer held around the world. It was originally organised in the United States, by the American Cancer Society, a volunteer charity organisation. The event has now spread to more than 20 countries. The goal of the event is to raise money for cancer research and patients with cancer.
In Canada, this event is organised by the Canadian Cancer Society. Teams of 10 people compete in relays and consist of people representing corporations, communities, families and friends. The first Relay For Life in Canada was held in 1999, and raised CA$85,000. Since then, the number of relays and participants has increased each year. In 2011, $55 million was raised. To participate, one team need to be formed and registered online to the official website of the Canadian Cancer Society or with a paper form. Each member has to raise a minimum of CA$100 in donation or by selling luminaries. Luminaries are special candles that are placed in bags and carry the names of cancer survivors and loved ones who have died. In a moving ceremony after sunset, luminaries placed around the track are lit in honour of cancer survivors and in memory of those who have lost the battle against cancer.
References
Other websites
Relay For Life website
American Cancer Society Relay For Life
Relay For Life International
Canadian Cancer Society Relay For Life
Cancer Research UK Relay For Life
New Zealand Relay For Life
Australian Relay For Life
Charity events
Cancer
Mariano Rumor

Mariano Rumor (; 16 June 1915 - 22 January 1990) was an Italian politician. He was a member of the Christian Democracy (DC). He was the 39th Prime Minister of Italy from December 1968 to August 1970 and again from July 1973 to November 1974.
Rumor also was Minister of Agriculture from 1959 to 1963, Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1974 to 1976 and Minister of the Interior in two brief times, in 1963 and from 1972 to 1973.
Rumor was also Secretary of the Christian Democracy from 1964 to 1969.
References
1915 births
1990 deaths
Prime Ministers of Italy
People from Vicenza
2005 French riots

The 2005 civil unrest in France was a series of riots in October and November. Many cars and public buildings, for example schools were burnt. The riots started on October 25, 2005 in Clichy-sous-Bois, a suburb of Paris. Afterwards they spread to other parts of France. Together they lasted for about 3 weeks. The riots were a reaction to the accidental deaths of two teenage boys and the serious injuries of another. The three boys hid in a power substation and got an electric shock, after being chased by police. However the boys did not commit a crime.
The event starting the riots
The New York Times said the event started at 17:20 on 27 October 2005 in Clichy-sous-Bois. They said they know this from a police report. The police were called to a construction site, because of a burglary. Three teenagers thought they were being chased by the police, so they climed a fence of a power substation. This was because the feared long questioning by the police. Another 6 teenagers were caught by the police for questioning by 17:50. At 18:12 at the local police station in Livry-Gargan the lights went out because of a blackout. This black-out was caused by the death of Zyed Benna and Bouna Traore in the power station and the injury of the third boy.
There is a controversy, if the boys were chased by police. The local prosecutor and Nicholas Sarkozy, who was minister of interior at that time said no. But the newspaper The Australian, who asked some of his friends, said yes.
Before this event there had been in issues with unemployment and police brutality in this town. But after this event mobs of protesters gathered. The Associated Press quoted a protester with "People are joining together to say we've had enough. We live in ghettos. Everyone lives in fear."
Statistics
Started: 17:20 on Thursday, 27 October 2005 in Clichy-sous-Bois.
Towns with riots: 274 (on November 7)
Property damage: 8,973 vehicles (Not including buildings).
Costs: Estimated at EUR200 million.
Arrests: 2,888
Deaths: 1 (Jean-Jacques Le Chenadec)
Police and firefighters injured: 126
Statistics by night
References
2005 crimes
2005 in Europe
2000s crimes in Europe
2000s in France
2000s riots
Crime in France
November events
October 2005 events
Riots in Europe
21st century in Paris
Politics of France
Bird bath

A bird bath is an artificial "puddle" or small shallow pond, created with a water-filled basin, for birds to bathe in, cool off, and drink from. A bird bath can be a garden decoration, small reflecting pool, or outdoor sculpture.
A bird bath is an attraction for many different species of birds to visit gardens, especially during the summer and drought periods. Bird baths that provide clean and continual water all year makes more birds come.
Related pages
Birdwatching
Drought
References
Other websites
Birdbaths and birdwatching
Birdbath styles
Beautiful Stone Birdbaths
Birds
Jane Greer

Jane Greer (born Bettejane Greer; September 9, 1924 - August 24, 2001) was an American film and television actress best known for her role as femme fatale Kathie Moffat in the 1947 film noir Out of the Past.
References
1924 births
2001 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
Gloria Sevilla

Gloria Sevilla (January 31, 1932 - April 16, 2022) was a Filipino actress. Her best known movie roles were in Dyesebel (1978), Bida si Mister, Bida si Misis (2002), and El Presidente (2012). She also had a role in the television drama Be Careful With My Heart.
Sevilla died on April 16, 2022 at the age of 90 in Oakland, California.
References
1932 births
2022 deaths
Filipino movie actors
Filipino television actors
Vote Smart

Vote Smart is a non-profit organization that collects information about candidates that run for a public office in the United Staes. For each candidate, the organisation gathers background information and political positions in different areas. It then distribnutes this informton in different channels, such as print media, its website, or using a toll-free phone number. With this, it helps people decide who they shouid vote for. Richard Kimball founded the platform in the 1990s.
Other websites
Non-profit organizations of the United States
USS Constitution

USS Constitution is a wooden, three-masted heavy frigate of the United States Navy. Named by President George Washington after the Constitution of the United States of America, she is the world's oldest commissioned naval vessel afloat.
It was constructed in 1794. It was later launched in 1797, Constitution was one of six original frigates authorized for construction by the Naval Act of 1794 and the third constructed. Joshua Humphreys designed the frigates to be the young Navy's capital ships, and so Constitution and her sisters were larger and more heavily armed and built than standard frigates of the period. Built in Boston, Massachusetts, at Edmund Hartt's shipyard, her first duties with the newly formed United States Navy were to provide protection for American merchant shipping during the Quasi-War with France and to defeat the Barbary pirates in the First Barbary War.
Constitution is most famous for her actions during the War of 1812 against Great Britain, when she captured numerous merchant ships and defeated five British warships: HMS Guerriere, Java, Pictou, Cyane and Levant.
On August 19, 1812, the Constitution and HMS Guerriere fought a battle about 400 miles (650 Km) southeast of Halifax, Nova Scotia. The captains were Isaac Hull of U.S. andJames Richard Dacres of U.K. At around 2:00pm the USS Constitution found the HMS Guerriere, and attacked and damaged the Guerriere. One American officer was killed and another wounded by musket fire. Captain Dacres was also wounded. A shot to the cabin set fire to the USS Constitution. The HMS Guerriere was also severely burned and damaged. While Dacres was preparing to set sail and continue the battle against the Americans, it became obvious that the ship was about to sink. Dacres was asked if he was ready for surrender. He said he didn't know but that they could no longer fight. Later, he surrendered and the HMS Guerriere sank.
The battle with Guerriere earned her the nickname of "Old Ironsides" and public adoration that has repeatedly saved her from scrapping. She continued to serve the nation as flagship in the Mediterranean and African squadrons, and circled the world in the 1840s.
During the American Civil War she served as a training ship for the United States Naval Academy and carried artwork and industrial displays to the Paris Exposition of 1878. Retired from active service in 1881, she served as a receiving ship until designated a museum ship in 1907, and in 1934 she completed a three-year, 90-port tour of the nation. Constitution sailed under her own power for her 200th birthday in 1997 and again in August 2012, to commemorate the 200th anniversary of her victory over Guerriere.
References
Other websites
Official website
3D Virtual Tour
The Captain's Clerk --Extensive sources including ship logs, personnel rosters and research information
Naval transport
1794
1797 in the United States
Constitution
Molina de Segura

Molina de Segura is a municipality of 71,890 people (2019). It is found in the province and autonomous community of Murcia in Spain.
Cities in the Region of Murcia
Municipalities in the Region of Murcia
100 Landscapes of Japan (Shōwa period)

The is a list of famous scenic sites in Japan. This list was developed early in the Showa period which was the reign of Emperor Showa.
History
A national poll was part of creating the at the beginning of Emperor Hirohito's reign.
The Nichi Nichi Shimbun and Mainichi Shimbun supported the selection process during 1927. Also, groupings of "Eight Views" and "Twenty-five Sites" were developed.
In 2009, the Yomiuri Shimbun sponsored an update. The newspaper and its readers selected the . This new selection was supported by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.
Table
100 Landscapes
Eight Views
Twenty-Five Sites
Related pages
100 Landscapes of Japan (Heisei period)
References
Japanese culture
Arrondissement of Arcachon

The arrondissement of Arcachon is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Gironde departement. Its capital is the city of Arcachon.
History
The arrondissement of Arcachon was created on 6 December 2006, to begin on 1 January 2007, with four cantons taken from the arrondissement of Bordeaux.
Geography
The arrondissement of Arcachon is in southwestern Gironde, with an area of . It has 146,160 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km2.
The arrondissement is bordered to the north by the arrondissement of Lesparre-Medoc, to the northeast by the arrondissement of Bordeaux, to the southeast by the arrondissement of Langon, to the south by the Landes department and to the west by the Atlantic Ocean (Gulf of Biscay).
Composition
Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.
In the arrondissement of Arcachon, there is only one canton where not all their "communes" are in the arrondissement: Les Landes des Graves. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and arrondissements:
Communes
The arrondissement of Arcachon has 17 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):
Andernos-les-Bains (33005)
Arcachon (33009)
Ares (33011)
Audenge (33019)
Le Barp (33029)
Belin-Beliet (33042)
Biganos (33051)
Gujan-Mestras (33199)
Lanton (33229)
Lege-Cap-Ferret (33236)
Lugos (33260)
Marcheprime (33555)
Mios (33284)
Saint-Magne (33436)
Salles (33498)
Le Teich (33527)
La Teste-de-Buch (33529)
The communes in the arrondissement with more inhabitants are:
Related pages
Arrondissements of the Gironde department
Communes of the Gironde department
References
Arcachon
The Maid of Orleans

The Maid of Orleans is an 1801 play by Friedrich Schiller based on the life of Joan of Arc. It includes the sentence "against stupidity the gods themselves contend in vain" which was later used by Isaac Asimov when naming his book The Gods Themselves.
German plays
19th-century plays
Conversion therapy

Conversion therapy is treatment to change a person from homosexual to heterosexual. Such treatments have been criticized for being a form of pseudoscience. Conversion therapy has been controversial in some countries, including the United States.
The American Psychiatric Association has criticized the treatments. They say the treatments are unreliable.
The highest-profile contemporary supporters for conversion therapy are Christian fundamentalists and other religious organizations. This therapy has been ridiculed by critics as "pray the gay away".
Use of the therapy on minors is not allowed in New Jersey, California and Washington D.C..
References
LGBT
Pseudoscience
Controversies
Homophobia
Jallianwala Bagh

Jallianwala Bagh is a public garden in Amritsar city in Punjab province of India. It has a memorial to remember those people who were killed in the Massacre of 13 April, 1919. This date was also the Punjabi New Year 2,000 peaceful demonstrators had gathered in the garden.
The memorial is managed by Jallianwala Bagh National Memorial Trust, which was established as per Jallianwala Bagh National Memorial Act passed by Government of India in year 1951.
Related pages
Jallianwala Bagh massacre
Other websites
Text of Jalliamwala Bagh National Memorial Act, 1951
Punjab, India
René, Sarthe

Rene is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.
Communes in Sarthe
Seamus Mallon

Seamus Frederick Mallon (; 17 August 1936 - 24 January 2020) was an Irish Gaelic footballer and politician. He was deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland from 1998 to 2001 and Deputy Leader of the Social Democratic and Labour Party from 1979 to 2001. He also was a Seanad Eireann in 1986 and MP from 1986 to 2005.
Mallon was born in Markethill, Northern Ireland. He studied at St Mary's University College, Belfast.
He first played club football for Middletown during the 1950s then with Keady Dwyers, Queen's University and Crossmaglen Rangers.
Mallon died in Markethill, County Armagh, Ireland on 24 January 2020 of cancer, aged 83.
References
1936 births
2020 deaths
Cancer deaths in Northern Ireland
Northern Irish footballers
UK MPs 1983-1987
UK MPs 1987-1992
UK MPs 1992-1997
UK MPs 1997-2001
UK MPs 2001-2005
Alain Fauré

Alain Faure (1 October 1962 - 12 July 2018) was a French politician. He was born in Pamiers, France.
He served as a Deputy from 2012 to 2017 and as Mayor of Les Pujols from 2001 to 2014.
On 12 July 2018, Faure died at his home in Les Pujols, France, aged 55.
References
1962 births
2018 deaths
Socialist Party (France) politicians
French mayors
People from Occitanie
WASP-17b

WASP-17b is an exoplanet. It is found in the constellation Scorpius. It orbits the star WASP-17. Its discovery was announced on 11 August 2009. It is the first planet that was discovered to have a retrograde orbit. On 3 December 2013, scientists working with the Hubble Space Telescope found water in the atmosphere of WASP-17b.
References
Exoplanets
President of Palau

The President of the Republic of Palau is the head of government and head of state of Palau. The president is directly elected to a four-year term, and can be reelected once.
List
All officeholders are political independents.
References
Strait

A strait is a narrow channel of water between two land areas. A strait connects two bodies of water. Straits often connect two seas. Many straits are economically and strategically important. Straits may be part of important shipping routes. So, someone who controls a strait can control the shipping. Wars have been fought to control them. Although rivers and canals often connect two large lakes or a lake and a sea, they are not straits. Straits are much larger and wider and do not have water running in a single direction.
Well-known straits
Well-known straits in the world are:
Bosporus and the Dardanelles, which connect the Mediterranean and the Black Sea
Strait of Dover, between England and France, which connects the North Sea with the English Channel
Strait of Gibraltar, the only natural passage between the World Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea
Bering Strait between Alaska and Siberia, which connects the Pacific and Arctic Oceans
Strait of Magellan, connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans north of Tierra del Fuego
Palk strait, between India and Sri Lanka, the location of Ram Sethu and rich in natural resources
Strait of Hormuz connecting the Persian Gulf and the Oman Sea, through which Persian Gulf petroleum is shipped to the world
Strait of Malacca, which separates the Malay Peninsula from Sumatra, and connects the Indian Ocean with the South China Sea. (It is one of the highest-volume shipping lanes in the world.)
Bass Strait, which is between mainland Australia and Tasmania, and connects the Indian Ocean with the Pacific Ocean.
Torres Strait which is between Australia and New Guinea.
Cook Strait, between New Zealand's North and South Islands, and connects the Tasman Sea and the South Pacific Ocean.
Related pages
Canal
Channel
Ruth Landes

Ruth Landes (October 8, 1908, New York City - February 11, 1991, Ontario, Canada) was an American cultural anthropologist best known for studies on Brazilian candomble cults and her published study on the topic, City of Women (1947). Landes is recognized by some as a pioneer in the study of race and gender relations.
Bibliography
Selected books
Ojibwa Sociology (1937)
The Ojibwa Woman (1938)
The City of Women (1947)
Culture in American Education: Anthropological Approaches to Minority and Dominant Groups in the Schools (1965)
Latin Americans of the Southwest (1965)
A cidade das mulheres (1967) (Portuguese translation of The City of Women.)
The Mystic Lake Sioux: Sociology of the Mdewakantonwan Sioux (1968)
Ojibwa Religion and the Midewiwin (1968)
The Prairie Potawatomi: Tradition and Ritual in the Twentieth Century (1970)
References
Cole, Sally. 2003. Ruth Landes: A Life in Anthropology. University of Nebraska.
Register to the Papers of Ruth Schlossberg Landes , National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Scientists from New York (state)
American anthropologists
People from New York City
Columbia University alumni
1908 births
1991 deaths
Hassan II of Morocco

King Hassan II (, MSA: (a)l-hasan at-tani, Darija: el-hasan ett(s)ani); 9 July 1929 - 23 July 1999) was King of Morocco from 1961 until his death in 1999. He was born in Rabat.
He was the eldest son of Mohammed V, Sultan, then King of Morocco (1909-1961), and his second wife, Lalla Abla bint Tahar (1909-1992). Hassan was known to be one of the most strict rulers of Morocco.
Hassan died of natural causes in Rabat on 23 July 1999, aged 70.
References
1929 births
1999 deaths
Anti-communists
Kings of Morocco
Ahnapee, Wisconsin

Ahnapee is a town in Kewaunee County, Wisconsin, United States. There were 977 people living in Ahanpee as of the 2000 Census. The town has an area of 31.2 square miles, says the United States Census Bureau.
References
Towns in Wisconsin
Kewaunee County, Wisconsin