pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Henrietta Boggs

Henrietta Boggs (May 6, 1918 - September 9, 2020) was a Costa Rican-American author, journalist, and activist. She was the first wife of Jose Figueres Ferrer and served as First Lady of Costa Rica from 1948 to 1949 in the years after the Costa Rican Civil War.
She turned 100 in May 2018. She was born in Spartanburg, South Carolina.
Boggs died at her home in Montgomery, Alabama on September 9, 2020 from COVID-19 at the age of 102.
References
Other websites
1918 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Alabama
American centenarians
American political activists
First Ladies and Gentlemen of Costa Rica
American journalists
Writers from South Carolina
People from Spartanburg, South Carolina
Vernate, Lombardy

Vernate is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Lombardy region in Italy.
References
Settlements in Lombardy
Eiterfeld

Eiterfeld is a village in Germany in the east of Hesse. It can be found north of the town of Fulda and south of the town of Bad Hersfeld.
Tourism
The most important building is Burg Fursteneck, a castle from the Middle Ages. It is preserved and restored competely.
References
Other websites
Official site
Akademie Burg Fursteneck
Villages in Hesse
Fulda (district)
Vendières

Vendieres is a commune. It is in the Picardie region in the Aisne department in north France.
Communes in Aisne
Hull City A.F.C.

Hull City A.F.C. are an English football club who are based in Kingston upon Hull. They started in 1904 and currently play in the Football League Championship. Their stadium is called the KC Stadium.
On 24 May 2008 Hull City achieved promotion to the Premier League by beating Bristol City 1-0 in the Football League Championship play-off final at Wembley stadium. Dean Windass scored the winning goal in the 38th minute.
Hull made a remarkable start to their first ever season in the Premier League and reached as high as 2nd in the table in October 2008. They recorded impressive wins away from home against established Premier League teams- Newcastle, Arsenal and Tottenham.
League position
Former position
1904 establishments in England
English football clubs
Kingston upon Hull
Sainte-Foy-la-Longue

Sainte-Foy-la-Longue is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Communes in Gironde
Scinax duartei

For another frog called the lanceback tree frog, see Scinax curicica
The lanceback tree frog or Duarte's snouted tree frog (Scinax duartei) is a frog. It lives in the mountains in Brazil.
References
Frogs of South America
Correctionville, Iowa

Correctionville is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Population
References
Cities in Iowa
Carter Center

The Carter Center is a nongovernmental, not-for-profit organization founded in 1982 by former U.S. President Jimmy Carter.
Carter and his wife Rosalynn Carter partnered with Emory University just after he lost in the 1980 U.S. Presidential elections to Ronald Reagan.
The center is located in a shared building next to the Jimmy Carter Library and Museum on of parkland, just two miles (3 km) from downtown Atlanta, Georgia. The library and museum are owned and operated by the United States National Archives and Records Administration, while the Center is governed by a Board of Trustees.
The Carter Center's goal is to advance human rights and to stop human suffering, including helping improve the quality of life for people in more than 80 countries. T
he center has many projects including election monitoring, supporting locally led state-building and democratic institution-building in many countries and talking with heads of states on behalf of victims of human rights abuses.
It also leads disease eradication efforts, spearheading the campaign to eradicate Guinea worm disease, as well as controlling and treating onchocerciasis, trachoma, lymphatic filariasis, and malaria through awareness campaigns.
References
Jimmy Carter
Political organizations based in the United States
Tajadas

Tajadas are a dish of fried plantains that are sliced long. It is a food of Caribbean countries as well as Nicaragua, Colombia, Honduras, Panama, and Venezuela.
Preparation
The plantains used are usually ripe.
Variations
Colombia
Tajadas is a very common dish that is usually served with meat, white rice, and beans.
Costa Rica
Tajadas are served with gallo pinto or casados. It can also be eaten with natilla and queso blanco on top.
Venezuala
Tajadas is served in a traditional dish known as pabellon criollo.
Related pages
Aborrajado
Tostones, another fried plantain dish.
References
Venezuelan food
Caribbean
Nicaraguan food
Colombian food
Honduran culture
Panamanian culture
Berdoues

Berdoues is a commune in the Gers department. It is in southwestern France.
Related pages
Communes of the Gers department
References
Communes in Gers
Lake Geneva

Lake Geneva (, , or Genfer See) is the second largest lake in Central Europe. The lake forms the border between France and Switzerland. About three fifths are in Switzerland. In total, it is about 580 km3 in size. At its deepest point it is 310 m deep, which makes it France's deepest lake. The biggest contributing river is the Rhone, other important tributaries are the Dranse, the Venoge and the Aubonne. The Rhone traverses the lake, and exits at Geneva. On average, its waters take 11.4 years to traverse the lake. Other than Geneva, important Swiss cities at the lakeshore are Lausanne, Montreux and Vevey. The biggest French city at the lakeshore is Thonon-les-Bains, the best known is Evian-les-Bains.
There are six small islands in the lake:
Ile de la Harpe (near Rolle) (2368 m2)
Ile de Salagnon (Ile aux Mouettes, near Clarens) (1450 m2)
Ile de Peilz (near Villeneuve VD) (40 m2)
Ile de Choisi (near Bursinel) (120 m2, at 46.4387608 N 6.3180184 E)
Ile Rousseau (in Geneva, Exit point of the river Rhone, 3390 m2)
The island with Chillon castle (5070 m2)
The Pierres du Niton are two erratic stones in the lake in Geneva. They were deposited there during the last ice age.
Geneva
Geneva
Haute-Savoie
Canton of Geneva
Geneva
Cycle of abuse

Cycle of abuse is the name of a theory that was developed to explain certain patterns in an abusive relationship, and in domestic violence. Lenore Walker developed the theory in the 1970s, after she had observed that there is a pattern that repeats in such relationships:
Tension building phase - This occurs before an aggression
Acting-out phase - There are violent incidents, some of the incidents may also be abusive
Reconciliation/Honeymoon phase - The parties either get together again and there is an apology, or the incidents are simply ignored.
Calm phase - During this phase, the relationship looks normal; there will be some difficulties. These difficulties lead to another tension-building phase.
Walker's cycle of abuse theory was regarded as a revolutionary and important concept in the study of abuse and interpersonal violence. However, researchers have occasionally criticised Walker's methodology, preconceptions or findings.
References
Sociology
Gumbasia

Gumbasia is a very short movie made in 1953 by Art Clokey. Gumbasia was a clay animation movie. Clokey became famous for his two series Gumby and Davey and Goliath which also used clay animation.
Clokey made Gumbasia while he was studying at the University of Southern California and being taught by Slavko Vorkapich. It was Clokey's first clay animation movie and it was only 3 minutes and 45 seconds long. The movie showed moving lumps of clay set to music in a copy of Walt Disney's Fantasia. Gumbasia was made in a style Vorkapich taught called Kinesthetic Film Principles. This style, which uses camera movements and stop-motion editing, is used in later Gumby movies. After watching Gumbasia, movie producer Sam Engel decided to give Clokey money to make a 15 minute movie that became the first Gumby movie -- Gumby Goes to the Moon.
References
Other websites
Gumbyworld.com
Premavision/Clokey Productions
ArtClokey: the First 50 Years
Official 50th Birthday Party Gumby's MySpace
Bren's Gumbyland - The Ultimate Gumby Memorabilia Collection/Fansite
1954 movies
Short movies
Clay animation movies
English-language movies
Khumanthem

Khumanthem is a Meetei Manipuri surname or family name which has Indian origin. People of this family mainly inhabit in Manipur, India.
Other websites
http://www.mychildnames.com/mobile/similar-surname.aspx?surname=Khumanthem
http://www.indiachildnames.com/mobile/similarfamilyname.aspx?surname=Khumanthem
References
Meitei surnames
United States men's national volleyball team

The United States men's national volleyball team is the national team for the United States of America. It is governed by USA Volleyball.
References
Sports in the United States
National volleyball teams
National sports teams of the United States
Bures Hamlet

Bures Hamlet is a civil parish in Braintree district, Essex, England. In 2011, 749 people lived in Bures Hamlet.
References
Civil parishes in Essex
Hämikon

Hamikon was a municipality of the district of Hochdorf in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Hamikon, Gelfingen, Mosen, Muswangen, Retschwil and Sulz merged into the municipality of Hitzkirch.
Former municipalities of Lucerne
Politico

Politico is a political journalism organization based in Arlington County, Virginia, that covers the issues, ideas and personalities behind politics and policy in the United States and in the global arena. It focuses on politicians, scandals, presidential candidates, elections, and foreign policies.
Politico was established in 2007.
References
Other websites
Newspapers in the United States
2007 establishments in the United States
Java Embedding Plugin

Java Embedding Plugin (JEP) allows Java on Mac OS X with browsers that are not Safari.
Other websites
http://javaplugin.sourceforge.net
Web browsers
Dig a Pony

"Dig a Pony" is a song by The Beatles.
Composition
John Lennon was the song's composer and singer but the song was credited to Lennon/McCartney. It was originally called "All I Want Is You". Lennon would later comment that he thought the song was "a piece of garbage," though he has shown similar scorn for many of his songs. It was written for his soon-to-be wife Yoko Ono, and featured a multitude of strange, seemingly nonsense phrases which were strung together, culminating in the chorus "All I want is you", aimed at Yoko.
The song was one of the songs on Let It Be that was recorded at the rooftop concert. It begins with a false start, with Ringo Starr yelling "hold it!" to halt the other band members because he was holding a cigarette and had only one drum stick in his hand.
Personnel
John Lennon - lead vocal, rhythm guitar
Paul McCartney - backing vocal, bass
George Harrison - backing vocal, lead guitar
Ringo Starr - drums
Notes
The Beatles songs
1970 songs
Darley Dale

Darley Dale, or just Darley, is a town and civil parish in the Derbyshire Dales district of Derbyshire, England. About 6000 people live in the town. It is north of Matlock, on the River Derwent and the A6 road. The town forms part of the urban area of Matlock. It is a commuter town for workers in Matlock.
Towns in Derbyshire
Gary Owens

Gary Owens (May 10, 1934 - February 12, 2015) was an American disc jockey and voice actor. He is known for his roles in Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In, The Gong Show, Dynomutt, Dog Wonder, Midnight Cowboy, and in Roger Ramjet.
Owens was born in Mitchell, South Dakota. Owens died February 12, 2015, from complications due to type 1 diabetes, a condition he had experienced since childhood.
References
Other websites
Comprehensive Gary Owens interview with Kliph Nesteroff
1934 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from diabetes
American television personalities
American radio personalities
American voice actors
American television actors
American movie actors
Musicians from South Dakota
Actors from South Dakota
Comedians from South Dakota
Rammstein

Rammstein is a Neue Deutsche Harte band that started in Berlin in 1994. The band members are Till Lindemann, who is the singer; Richard Z. Kruspe, who plays the lead guitar and is a backing singer; Paul H. Landers, who plays the rhythm guitar and is also a backing singer; Oliver Riedel, who plays the bass guitar; Christoph Schneider, who plays the drums and electronic musical instruments; and Christian Lorenz, who plays the keyboard (also known as an electronic piano). The language that they sing in is almost always German, although they have made a couple of songs in the English language, Spanish language and the Russian language. As of 2005, they had sold over 10 million records around the world, and have made a total of 8 albums. Rammstein's music is published by Universal Music Group. Since the band was created, they have had no members join or leave.
Band members
Richard Z. Kruspe - lead guitar, backing vocals
Paul H. Landers - rhythm guitar, backing vocals
Till Lindemann - lead vocals
Oliver "Ollie" Riedel - bass guitar
Christoph "Doom" Schneider - drums, percussion
Christian "Flake" Lorenz - keyboards, samples
Discography
Studio albums
Herzeleid (1995)
Sehnsucht (1997)
Mutter (2001)
Reise, Reise (2004)
Rosenrot (2005)
Liebe ist fur alle da (2009)
Untitled Rammstein album (2019)
Zeit (2022)
Live albums
Live aus Berlin (1999)
Volkerball (2006)
Rammstein: Paris (2017)
References
1994 establishments in Germany
German heavy metal bands
Alternative metal bands
Musical groups established in 1994
1990s German music groups
2000s German music groups
2010s German music groups
Mannar District

Mannar District ( ; ) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka. Districts are the second-level administrative divisions of the country. The capital of the district is the town of Mannar.
Geography
Mannar District is in the north west of Sri Lanka. It is part of the Northern Province. It has an area of .
References
Other websites
Districts of Sri Lanka
Northern Province, Sri Lanka
British Rail Class 27

The British Rail Class 27 was a diesel locomotive built by the Birmingham Railway Carriage and Wagon Company (BRCW) during 1961 and 1962. They were a development of the earlier Class 26. Both were originally classified as BRCW Type 2. There were 69 locomotives in the class.
27
Jaime Roldós Aguilera

Jaime Roldos Aguilera (November 5, 1940 - May 24, 1981) was President of Ecuador from 10 August 1979 until his death on 24 May 1981. In his short tenure, he became known for his firm stance on human rights.
Roldos was born in Guayaquil on November 5, 1940. He attended high school at the Vicente Rocafuerte National School. He studied law and social sciences at the University of Guayaquil. He was an excellent student and won many awards, medals and scholarships.
At the age of 37, he ran for president on a populist platform. In the first round, he received the greatest number of votes, but not the 50% plus one needed to avoid a runoff. He won the second round of elections against Sixto Duran Ballen, and assumed office on August 10, 1979.
He was married to Martha Bucaram until his death in 1981.
On May 24, 1981, a plane carrying the President, Minister of Defense, assistants and their spouses crashed into the Huairapungo Mountain, in Celica Canton of Loja Province. The crash left no survivors: killed along with the president were First Lady Martha Bucaram, Minister of Defense Marco Subia Martinez and his wife, as well as two aides-de-camp and three other passengers.
References
1940 births
1981 deaths
Aviation deaths
Presidents of Ecuador
Politicians from Guayaquil
IPhone (1st generation)

The iPhone (also called the first-generation iPhone, iPhone (original), iPhone 2G, and iPhone 1) was the first smartphone made by Apple, Inc. It was announced on January 9, 2007, and released on June 29, 2007. It changed the mobile phone industry, being the first phone to have a multi-touch screen. It succeeded the Newton line of touchscreen phones by Apple.
Design
Compared to other phones at the time, the iPhone had a much larger screen and removed most buttons, leaving only a home button to take you to the home screen.
3G version
On June 9, 2008, Apple announced a version of the iPhone which featured slightly improved hardware, GPS, and 3G functionality.
References
1
Mobile phones released in 2007
Jamestown Settlement

On 14 May 1607, just over one hundred men settled in what is now Jamestown, Virginia to become the first permanent English colony in the New World. In 1619 the first women and slaves
arrived, and the colonists elected some of their number to the House of Burgesses, the first representative legislature in the Americas. The colony was chartered on 10 April 1606, one year back.
To mark the 350th anniversary of the founding of Jamestown Settlement, in 1957 a large festival park opened with much ballyhoo: Queen Elizabeth II of England made an official appearance and loaned a copy of the Magna Carta for the exhibition. There is now a working reconstruction of the settlement -- and of the three ships that brought the colonists: the Godspeed, the Discovery, and the Susan Constant (or Sarah Constant) -- that is very popular with tourists, especially school groups. Recent archeological work at the site is still expanding our knowledge of what happened at Jamestown in its earliest days.
History of Virginia
1607
Engente

Engente is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France.
Engente
Dawson Mathis

Marvin Dawson Mathis (November 30, 1940 - April 17, 2017) was an American politician. He served in U.S. Representative as a Democrat, representing Georgia's 2nd congressional district from 1971 through 1981.
Mathis was born in Nashville, Georgia. He studied at South Georgia College in Douglas, Georgia. From 1964 to 1970, he was news director of WALB-TV in Albany, Georgia.
Mathis was elected as a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives serving in Congresses from January 3, 1971 through January 3, 1981. He was an unsuccessful candidate for nomination to the United States Senate in 1980.
In 1982 he tried to win his old seat in the house but lost to successor Charles Hatcher in the Democratic primary. He became a private advocate. He lived in Nashville, Georgia.
Mathis died in April 2017 in Tifton, Georgia from complications of pneumonia, aged 76.
References
Other websites
1940 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Georgia (U.S. state)
United States representatives from Georgia
American television presenters
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Triad (band)

Triad was a Swedish pop trio. The trio consisted of Janne Bark, Lasse Lindbom and Niklas Stromstedt. They mostly became famous for scoring a 1987-1988 Swedish number-one single hit with the Christmas song Tand ett ljus
Discography
Albums
1988: Triad
Singles
1987: "Tand ett ljus"
References
1988 disestablishments in Europe
Swedish musical groups
Swedish pop music groups
Musical groups established in 1987
Musical trios
1987 establishments in Sweden
1980s disestablishments in Sweden
Kris Aquino

Kristina Bernadette Cojuangco Aquino (born February 14, 1971) is a Filipino actress and television host. She is the fourth daughter of Former President Corazon Aquino and Former senator Ninoy Aquino and sister of president Benigno Aquino III.
1971 births
Living people
Filipino actors
Corazon Aquino
First Ladies and First Gentlemen of the Philippines
Rasht

Rasht is the capital city of the Gilan province of Iran.
Cities in Iran
Gilan Province
Ann-Louise Hanson

Ann-Louise Hanson (born 4 April 1944) is a Swedish singer. She has been involved in the music industry since 1956.
Kvallstoppen
62 - Vita rosor fran Athen - 14#
62 - Vita sommarmoln - 17#
62 - Paradiso - 19#
67 - Jag hade en gang en bat (with Cornelis Vreeswijk) - 11#
68 - Min greve av Luxemburg (Sind Sie der Graf von Luxemburg) - 3#
68 - Arrivederci Frans - 1#
68 - Min luftballong - 8#
69 - Svenska flicka - 10#
72 - Vad an sker - 13#
References
Other websites
1944 births
Living people
Swedish singers
Gueugnon

Gueugnon is a commune of 6,948 people (2018). It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Saone-et-Loire department in east France.
Communes in Saone-et-Loire
Chavroches

Chavroches is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
Soper, Oklahoma

Soper is a town in Oklahoma in the United States.
Towns in Oklahoma
Online analytical processing

Online analytical processing (OLAP) is a way of doing data analysis. It is similar to data mining. Both are business tools that can help management take decisions. Unlike data mining though, OLAP is about verifying a hypothesis.
Computing
Ozone

Ozone, or trioxygen, is a chemical with the symbol O3. This means one molecule of ozone is made of three oxygen atoms. Ozone is rarely called trioxygen, even though this is its IUPAC systematic name. Ozone is formed from oxygen gas (O2) by the action of ultraviolet light and also atmospheric electrical discharges. It is present in low concentrations throughout the Earth's atmosphere. In total, ozone makes up only 0.6 ppm (parts per million) of the atmosphere by volume.
Ozone is important to life on planet Earth. There is a portion of the stratosphere with a high concentration of ozone, called the ozone layer. The ozone layer is 10 to 50 kilometers above the ground. It filters out damaging ultraviolet radiation from the Sun, like a kind of sun screen. Without this ozone layer things would not have been able to live on the surface of our planet. The ozone layer also absorbs a lot of heat from the sun's rays.
However, ozone is toxic to animals and plants above concentrations of about 0.1 ppm. In humans, it can cause nasal and throat irritation, and nausea. Extended exposure can cause lung oedema. 0.100 ppm is the maximum allowable limit for industrial, public, or occupied spaces in England, Japan, France, the Netherlands and Germany.
The ozone near the ground forms because of pollution. It is formed by a chemical reaction between volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides. These molecules are common pollutants in cities. Ozone at ground level creates smog.
References
Notes
Oxygen
Environmental chemistry
Greenhouse gases
Bouyon

Bouyon is a commune. It is in Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Alpes-Maritimes department in south France.
Communes in Alpes-Maritimes
The Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword

The Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword is a video game made in 2011 for the Wii. Unlike the other Legend of Zelda games, it focuses more on combat, keeping the role-playing and puzzle elements seen in earlier games. The story is connected with the rest of the Legend of Zelda series, and this game is about how the master sword was made. The player travels between two worlds: Skyloft, an area in the sky with floating islands which is the main area in the game, and Hyrule, which is located on the Earth. It makes use of the Wii MotionPlus add-on for the Wii Remote. The player uses the Wii Remote to swing Link's sword.
Link is the hero in this game. Zelda is Link's childhood friend, and the heroine in the story. Ghirahim: is the bad person who schemes to revive an ancient evil boss. In this game, you can go to four different "realms", such as the Faron Province, the Elden Province, and the Lanyuru Province, as well as Skyloft.
A limited edition bundle with a gold Wii MotionPlus and a CD with orchestrated versions of the series' well-known music tracks was sold to mark the 25th anniversary of The Legend of Zelda.
A port, titled The Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword HD, will be released worldwide for the Nintendo Switch on July 16, 2021.
Skyward Sword
2011 video games
2021 video games
Adventure games
Nintendo video games
Video games developed in Japan
Video games with time travel
Wii games
Nintendo Switch games
Edisbel Martínez

Edisbel Martinez is an archer from Cuba. She was born on 14 September 1979. Martinez competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
References
Other websites
1979 births
Living people
Cuban archers
Cuban Olympians
2002 Formula One World Championship

The 2002 Formula One season was the 53rd edition of the championship. The champion was Michael Schumacher after he dominated all season. Ferrari won the constructor's championship.
World Drivers' Championship standings
Driver did not finish the Grand Prix, but was classified as he completed over 90% of the race distance.
Formula One seasons
2002 in sports
Malagasy striped civet

The Malagasy striped civet or spotted fanaloka (Fossa fossana) is a small mammal, about 47 centimetres (19 in) long, with a tail 20 centimetres (7.9 in) long. It can weigh 1.5 to 2.0 kilograms (3.3 to 4.4 lb). It lives in tropical forests of Madagascar. The Malagasy civet looks for food at night. It eats small vertebrates, insects, aquatic animals, and eggs stolen from birds' nests. The mating season of the Malagasy civet is August to September and the young are born after three months, one at a time. The Malagasy civet is listed as vulnerable by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
References
Mammals of Africa
Madagascar
Feliformia
Mettmann

Mettmann is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is the capital of the district of the same name. Mettmann is known for the Neanderthal.
Twin towns
Mettmann is twinned with:
Laval, France (1974)
Friendly cities
Mettmann also has friendly relations with:
Markranstadt, Germany (1990)
Znin, Poland (1997)
Gorazde, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1998)
References
Other websites
Official website of the city of Mettmann
Mettmann Rural District
Zina

Zina` (zina) or zina (zinan~ or zinan) is an Islamic law concerning unlawful sexual relations between male and female who are not married to one another through a nikah. It includes extramarital sex and premarital sex. It also includes adultery (consensual sexual relations outside marriage). Zina covers fornication (consensual sexual intercourse between two unmarried persons), and homosexuality (consensual sexual relations between same-sex partners).
In the four schools of Sunni fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), and the two schools of Shi'a fiqh, the term zina` is a sin of sexual intercourse that is not allowed by Sharia (Islamic law) and classed as a hudud crime (class of Islamic punishments that are fixed for certain crimes that are considered to be "claims of God"). To prove an act of zina, a qadi (religious judge) in a sharia court relies on an unmarried woman's pregnancy, the confession in the name of Allah, or four witnesses to the actual act of penetration. The last two types of prosecutions are uncommon. Most cases of zina in the history of Islam have been pregnant unmarried women. In some schools of Islamic law, a pregnant woman accused of zina who denies sex was consensual must prove she was raped with four eyewitnesses testifying before the court. This has led to many cases where rape victims have been punished for zina. Pressing charges of zina without required eyewitnesses is considered slander (Qadhf, lqdhf) in Islam, itself a hudud crime.
The above sense of zina is not to be confused with the woman's name Zina or Zeina (zyn@). The name has a different linguistic root (Greek xen-). It also has a different meaning ("guest, stranger"), is pronounced differently (either Zinah or Zaynah), and is usually spelled differently.
References
Islamic culture
Sexual law
Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem

Ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem is a Latin phrase meaning "By the sword we seek peace, but peace only under liberty". It is the motto of both Massachusetts and the University of Massachusetts Amherst.
It was written around 1660 by Algernon Sidney, a member of the British "long parliament". He was an opponent of Charles II, who had him executed for treason.
References
Massachusetts
Latin state mottos of the United States
Igbo people

The Igbo people (Igbo: Ndi Igbo) are an ethnic group in West Africa. They are one of the largest ethnic groups in West Africa. The Igbo speak the Igbo language (Igbo: Asusu Igbo). The Igbo people are found in Southeastern Nigeria, in an area referred to as Igboland (Igbo: Ala Igbo). There are some Igbos in Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea.
There are major amounts of Igbo people found in other countries that are not in Africa. This is because some Igbos have moved to other countries and because they were forced to go to other countries by the Atlantic slave trade.
They are in countries such as the United States, Jamaica, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Barbados, Bahamas, and the United Kingdom. The most important crop of the Igbo people is the yam. In Nigeria, the Igbo have a lot of cities, like Onitsha and Enugu.
Ethnic groups in Nigeria
Photometry (astronomy)

Photometry is a method of problem solving in astronomy. It aims to measure flux. When photometry is performed over broad wavelength bands of radiation, where not only the amount of radiation but also its spectral distribution is measured, the term spectrophotometry is used.
The word is combination of the Greek affixes "photo-" ("light") and "-metry" ("measure").
Astronomy
Biltong

Biltong is an edible dried, cured meat snack that originates from South African countries. To be more specific, this high protein snack is from South Africa, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Namibia, Botswana, and Zambia. The word Biltong comes from the Dutch word 'bil' and 'tong' which respectively holds the meaning of 'buttock" and "strip" or "tongue". Biltong can be made of a variety of meats, though beef biltong is the most common one in modern times. Strip-cut beef fillets that are flat with muscle grains are used to make biltong. Due to this, biltong is usually slightly chewy. Biltong has traditionally been made of game meats such as kudu, springbok and wildebeest. You may also find biltong made of chicken, fish and ostrich meat.
History
Biltong has actually been around for centuries with its roots tracing back to South Africa. In a time before refrigerators and freezers, indigenous people needed a way to preserve extra meat for future meals. To do this, they used the basic resources at hand -- knives to cut the meat, salt to flavor and preserve, and tree branches to hang the meat until it was dry.
The 17th century European settlers who arrived later saw the benefits of having a stock supply of food. They quickly adopted this method, adding their own ingredients of vinegar and saltpeter (potassium nitrate) to the meat-curing mix.
Then, in the 19th century, came the Dutch. In a mass migration known as the Great Trek, thousands of Dutch farmers hitched their wagons to avoid British rule in Cape Colony and moved into the inland of Southern Africa.
For this long journey, they needed food -- something portable, something non-perishable, and something with sustenance. Biltong was their perfect solution.
They toted the preserved meat with them as they traveled, calling it "biltong"-- a combination of the Dutch words "bille" (for buttock) and "tonghe" (for strip or tongue).
This marked the beginnings of biltong, now one of South Africa's favorite meaty snacks.
References
Meat
Holiday Island, Arkansas

Holiday Island is a census-designated place (CDP) in the US state of Arkansas.
References
Census-designated places in Arkansas
Secret (Madonna song)

"Secret" is a pop song from Madonna's studio album Bedtime Stories. This song is about a lover having a secret. It hit #3 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100.
The song was released on September 27, 1994. It was declared Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America.
References
Madonna (entertainer) songs
Pop songs
1994 songs
Williston, North Dakota

Williston is a city in the U.S. state of North Dakota. It is the county seat of Williams County.
Cities in North Dakota
County seats in North Dakota
Bode Akindele

Chief Bode Akindele (2 June 1932 - 29 June 2020) was a Nigerian billionaire businessman. According to The Daily Telegraph, he was worth about $1.19 billion. He was the owner and Chairman of Madandola group of companies. He was born in Oyo, Oyo.
Akindele died on 29 June 2020 at his home in Lagos, aged 88.
References
1932 births
2020 deaths
Nigerian businesspeople
People from Oyo State
Mai Dantsig

Mai Volfovich Dantsig (; ; April 27, 1930 - March 26, 2017) was a Belarusian artist. He was active during the Soviet era and independence of Belarus. He was thought to have been one of the founders of the contemporary Belarusian art.
Dantsig was the author of many paintings and drawings related to World War II and Soviet partisans including the And the Saved World Remembers.
Dantsig died on March 26, 2017 in Minsk from heart failure caused by pneumonia, at the age of 86.
References
Other websites
Biography
Interview with Mai Dantsig in the newspaper Vecherny Minsk May 10, 2005
70 years of Dantsig
Dantsig in Chagal museum
1930 births
2017 deaths
Soviet artists
People from Minsk
Premier of Queensland

The Premier of Queensland is the head of the Government of Queensland, Australia. The Premier does the same job at a state level as the Prime Minister of Australia does at a national level. Formal power is held by the Queen who is represented in Queensland by the Governor of Queensland. The Governor acts on the advice given to him by the Premier. The current Premier of Queensland is Annastacia Palaszczuk.
Queensland is governed under the Westminster system of parliamentary government. Unlike other Australian states, it is not a bicameral system, having only one elected house. This house is called the Legislative Assembly. After an election, the State Governor appoints as Premier, the leader of the party who can control a majority of the elected members in the lower house. The Premier must resign if they no longer have a majority in the Legislative Assembly. This can happen if they lose seats at an election, or if their own political party does not support them.
Queensland was a British colony, and power was held by the Governor. In 1859 Britain allowed Queensland to have its own parliament, and the power was passed to the Premier.
Other websites
Jack Hobbs

Jack Hobbs (Sir John Berry Hobbs, 16 December 1882 - 21 December 1963) was an English professional cricketer.
Hobbs played for Surrey from 1905 to 1934 and for England in 61 Test matches between 1908 and 1930. Known as "The Master", Hobbs is regarded by critics as one of the greatest batsmen in the history of cricket. He is the leading run-scorer and century-maker in first-class cricket, with 61,760 runs and 199 centuries. A right-handed batsman and an occasional right-arm medium pace bowler, Hobbs also excelled as a fielder, particularly in the position of cover point.
Early life
Born into poverty in 1882, Hobbs wished to pursue a career in cricket from an early age. His early batting was undistinguished but a sudden improvement in 1901 brought him to the attention of local teams. Following the death of his father, he successfully applied to join Surrey, with the support of England batsman Tom Hayward. His reputation grew and when he qualified to play for Surrey, he scored 88 on his first-class debut and a century in his next game.
Career
By 1907-08 Hobbs was playing Test cricket for England. He scored 83 in his first Test, and his international career continued until 1930. After some mixed Test performances, Hobbs' success against South African googly bowlers meant that his place was secure, and in 1911-12, he scored three centuries in the series against Australia. Afterwards, he was regarded as the best batsman in the world until the mid-1920s.
In county cricket, Hobbs developed an attractive, attacking style of play where he scored quickly, and he was very successful in the years approaching the First World War. After the war, Hobbs was again successful against Australia, but his career was threatened by appendicitis which caused him to miss most of the 1921 season. When he returned, he was more cautious as a batsmen and concentrated on safer, more defensive play. Yet he continued to be successful in Test and domestic cricket. He retired from Tests in 1930 but continued to play for Surrey until 1934.
Hobbs had a batting technique which critics regarded as ideal. His success was based on fast footwork, an ability to play many different shots, and excellent placement of the ball. His technical ability allowed him to prosper at a relatively late age for a cricketer. He was particularly successful on difficult pitches for batting.
An opening batsman, Hobbs established several effective opening partnerships; with Tom Hayward and Andy Sandham for Surrey, and with Wilfred Rhodes and Herbert Sutcliffe for England. His partnership with Sutcliffe was the most effective in Test history.p215 Contemporaries rated Hobbs extremely highly, and critics continue to list him among the best batsmen of all time.p127
In 1953, Hobbs was knighted, the first professional cricketer to be so honoured. Hobbs was reluctant to accept and only did so when convinced that it was an honour to all professional cricketers, not just himself.p377
References
Bibliography
Other websites
Wisden Archive 1964 - Jack Hobbs' Obituary
1882 births
1963 deaths
English cricketers
Knights Bachelor
People from Cambridge
Goshen, Alabama

Goshen is a town in the U.S. state of Alabama.
Towns in Alabama
Charity (practice)

Charity is the act of giving help to those in need of it. It is a humanitarian act. It involves giving money, goods or time and effort to those who need it. It is done without expecting something in return. Giving money or food to poor people is an example of charity. Poor, sick or injured people are generally considered the proper people to whom charity should be given. When such people are not supported, they often begin begging, which is directly asking for help from people they do not know. Others may rely on support from charitable organizations. These organizations collect money and goods and then give them to those in need.
Most charities are concerned with providing basic needs, such as food, water, clothing, health care and shelter. The most common form of charity is donating money. The money is then used to buy these basic needs. However, there are many other actions that may be performed as charity, such as teaching orphans, donating blood, or money to help fund medical research.
Charitable giving can be a responsibility in many religions. This kind of charity is called almsgiving or alms. The word "charity" comes from the Latin "caritas" meaning Christian love. In Islam, it is called zakat. It is one of the five most important duties of being a Muslim, and in Judaism it is "tzedakah".
Related pages
Altruism
Charitable organization
Compassion
Fundraising
Humanitarianism
Mercy
Philanthropy
Pro bono
References
Altruism
Hubert Reeves

Hubert Reeves (born July 13, 1932) is a French Canadian astrophysicist. His career has lasted for nearly fifty years. He won many awards for his works including the Albert Einstein Award.
Reeves was born in Montreal, Quebec. He studied at College Jean-de-Brebeuf. Reeves now lives in Paris, France.
Related pages
List of astrophysicists
Other websites
Biography in English at science.ca
1932 births
Living people
Canadian physicists
People from Montreal
Writers from Quebec
Leusden

Leusden is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht. In 2019, 30,030 people lived there.
References
Settlements in Utrecht (province)
Municipalities of Utrecht (province)
Marie Severin

Marie Severin (; August 21, 1929 - August 29, 2018) was an American comics artist and colorist. She was best known for her work for Marvel Comics such as on Spider-Man, Thor, and Iron Man and the 1950s' EC Comics. Severin was born in East Rockaway, New York.
Severin was added into the Will Eisner Comics Hall of Fame in 2001.
Severin died in Massapequa, New York on August 29, 2018 from a stroke at the age of 89.
References
1929 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from stroke
American comics artists
People from New York City
LGBT pride

Gay pride, or LGBT pride, is a positive stand against hatred, discrimination or violence toward lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people.
Gay pride builds trust and rights. It promotes the LGBT as a group. It also honors sexual orientation of all kinds and difference in gender.
It is also a remembrance for those who lost their lives due to gay bashing, or those who were punished by the law because homosexuality was illegal. It also shows respect to those who still can't live their lives freely in countries where it is still illegal or very discriminated against.
Pride Month is celebrated every June.
Usually events are organised. These include processions, but they may also be protests against rules that are Sen as too restrictive.
LGBT rights
Châteauneuf-Grasse

Chateauneuf-Grasse is a commune. It is found in the Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur region in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the south of France.
Communes in Alpes-Maritimes
Metal Gear

Metal Gear is an action-adventure stealth video game franchise made by Konami.
The main character for the series is Solid Snake. He is a soldier who does sneaking (hiding) missions by himself, much like James Bond. He is a clone of a famous soldier named Big Boss. The games have a large amount of story about these two men and the things that happen to them. Many players say the games are like watching a James Bond movie or reading a book about spies.
The series is named after a type of robotic tanks for each games, whom Snake destroys each of them.
The latest game, Metal Gear Survive, was made for Playstation 4, Xbox One and PC.
Games
MSX:
Metal Gear
Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake
Nintendo Entertainment System:
Metal Gear
For PlayStation:
Metal Gear Solid
Metal Gear Solid: VR Missions
For PlayStation 2:
Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty
Metal Gear Solid 3: Snake Eater
For Game Boy:
Metal Gear Solid: Ghost Babel
For GameCube:
Metal Gear Solid: Twin Snakes
For PlayStation Portable:
Metal Gear Acid
Metal Gear Acid 2
Metal Gear Solid: Portable Ops
Metal Gear Solid: Portable Ops Plus+
Metal Gear Solid: Peace Walker
For PlayStation 3:
Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots
Other websites
The Metal Gear Wiki
1987 video games
Metal Gear
William Fey

Bishop William Regis Fey, O.F.M.Cap. (November 6, 1942 - January 19, 2021) was an American Roman Catholic prelate. He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He became a priest in 1968. Fey was appointed bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Kimbe, in Kimbe, Papua New Guinea, on June 8, 2010.
Fey died on January 19, 2021 at the age of 78.
References
1942 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
American Roman Catholic bishops
People from Pittsburgh
Euler's homogeneous function theorem

Euler's theorem is one of the theorems Leonhard Euler stated: There are certain conditions where a firm will neither make a profit, nor operate at a loss. The theorem is also known as Euler's homogeneous function theorem, and is often used in economics.
References
Economics theorems
Piotr Szulkin

Piotr Szulkin (; 26 April 1950 - 5 August 2018) was a Polish movie director and screenwriter. He directed over thirty movies, both Polish and international productions. He was a recipient of "Best Science Fiction Film Director" at Eurocon in 1984. He was also a professor at the National Film School in Lodz. His best known movies are The War of the Worlds: Next Century and O-Bi, O-Ba: The End of Civilization.
Szulkin died in Lodz on 5 August 2018, aged 68.
References
Other websites
Piotr Szulkin at culture.pl
1950 births
2018 deaths
Polish movie directors
Polish screenwriters
Polish educators
People from Gdansk
National Gallery of Art

The National Gallery of Art is an art museum on the National Mall in Washington, D.C. The museum was built in 1938 by the United States Congress. Andrew W. Mellon gave money and art to help the museum. Many lovers of art have given the National Gallery their art collections, like Lessing J. Rosenwald, Samuel H. Kress, and Joseph E. Widener. This has made the National Gallery one of the best art museums for Western art painting and sculpture in the world. c
Other websites
1937 establishments in the United States
Museums in Washington, D.C.
Buildings on the National Mall
Art museums in the United States
National museums
20th-century establishments in Washington, D.C.
Carmen: A Hip Hopera

Carmen: A Hip Hopera is an 2001 musical movie produced for television by MTV and directed by Robert Townsend. The movie stars Beyonce Knowles, Mos Def, Rah Digga, Wyclef Jean, Mekhi Phifer, Da Brat, Joy Bryant, Jermaine Dupri and Lil' Bow Wow. It is based upon Georges Bizet's opera, Carmen, set in Philadelphia and Los Angeles in modern times, and features a mostly original hip-hop/R&B score in place of Bizet's opera.
The movie received mainly negative reviews. To date, it is the second major attempt at an African-American adaptation of the opera, the first being the 1943 Broadway musical Carmen Jones and its 1954 Academy Award nominated and box office hit movie adaptation.
Cast
Carmen Brown: Beyonce Knowles
Derek Hill: Mekhi Phifer
Caela: Reagan Gomez-Preston
Lieutenant Miller: Mos Def
Cellmate 1: Bow Wow
Cellmate 2: Jermaine Dupri
Blaze: Casey Lee
Rasheeda: Rashia "Rah Digga" Battle
Nikki: Joy Bryant
Fortune Teller: Wyclef Jean
Other websites
Television movies
Noel Francisco

Noel John Francisco (born August 21, 1969) is an American attorney and the 47th Solicitor General of the United States from September 19, 2017 to July 3, 2020. He served as Principal Deputy Solicitor General of the United States.
Francisco was nominated to be Solicitor General of the United States in the Donald Trump administration in March 2017. He was confirmed by the U.S. Senate by a vote of 50-47 on September 19, 2017. He took office the same day.
References
Other websites
Profile at the United States Department of Justice website (updated February 3, 2017)
1969 births
Living people
Lawyers from New York (state)
United States Solicitors General
Politicians from New York (state)
People from Syracuse, New York
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Deus (band)

Deus is a rock band based in Antwerp, Belgium. The band name is written as dEUS. Tom Barman and Klaas Janzoons have always been with the band. The rest of the band's members are drummer Stephane Misseghers, bassist Alan Gevaert and guitarist/backing vocalist Mauro Pawlowski.
Studio albums
Worst Case Scenario (1994)
In a Bar, Under the Sea (1996)
The Ideal Crash (1999)
Pocket Revolution (2005)
Vantage Point (2008)
Keep You Close (2011)
Following Sea (2012)
References
1990s music groups
Rock bands
Belgian musical groups
Antwerp
Musical groups established in 1991
1991 establishments in Europe
1990s establishments in Belgium
Harriet Monroe

Harriet Monroe (December 23, 1860 - September 26, 1936) was an American editor, poet, and patron of the arts.
She started Poetry magazine in 1912. She was its editor until her death in 1936.
Monroe was the daughter of a lawyer in Chicago. She attended a private girls school in Washington, D. C. Then she wrote for the Chicago Tribune newspaper.
She published her first poem, "With a Copy of Shelley," in The Century in 1899. Her first book of poems was Valeria and Other Poems. She wrote a poem for the opening of Chicago's Columbian Exposition in 1893. She read it in public before a large crowd. In 1903 she published a book of plays, The Passing Show.
She thought that American poetry should be different from European poetry. She also thought that poetry should be more original than many of the poems that were being printed in other places. She believed that poets should make money for their work, as other artists did. She began Poetry magazine by asking 100 people to give 50 dollars for five years. She also asked many writers and poets to send their work for her to print. The poet Ezra Pound wrote back quickly. He became an important person at the magazine.
Monroe died suddenly in 1936 in Peru.
References
1860 births
1936 deaths
American poets
Writers from Chicago
American editors
Julia Acker

Julia Acker (1898-1942) was a Jewish-Polish artist.
Biography
Julia Acker was born in Lviv, Ukraine. Where she studied and worked.
Her first exhibition was in 1930. Later, she participated in some exhibitions in Lviv, Krakow, Poznan, Warsaw and Ivano-Frankivsk.
Her personal exhibition also was in 1939.
She painted flowers, still life and children's portraits.
Julia Acker died of suicide in 1942.
References
Polish artists
Artists who committed suicide
1898 births
1942 deaths
People from Lviv
Stem (linguistics)

The stem of a verb is the main part of the verb to which the endings are added.
References
Grammar
eo:Radiko#Lingvo