pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Fauna of Australia

The fauna of Australia is different from that of Asia. Some 83% of mammals, 89% of reptiles, 90% of fish and insects and 93% of amphibians that inhabit the continent are endemic to Australia.
The fauna is quite different from that of New Zealand, but is similar to that of New Guinea. That comes about because New Zealand is a volcanic oceanic island with no historical connection with Australia. Its animals have not come from Australia. On the other hand, New Guinea is an island on the same continental plate as Australia, and on the same side of the Wallace line. This was discovered by Alfred Russel Wallace, and explained in a famous series of books. These two huge islands were both part of the ancient continent of Gondwana, and were not (until modern times) inhabited by animals from Asia. As Gondwana broke up, its two main pieces had marsupial mammals. Eutherian mammals had not arrived from Eurasia.
This high level of endemism is explained by the continent's long geographic isolation and its tectonic stability (few earthquakes, volcanoes and recent mountain formations). Australia has few placental mammals. Marsupials occupy many of the ecological niches which placental animals occupy elsewhere in the world.
Marsupials are a group of mammals that raise their young in a pouch, including the macropods, possums and dasyuromorphs.
Australia is home to two of the five known species of monotremes and has numerous venomous species, which include the platypus, spiders, scorpions, octopus, jellyfish, molluscs, stonefish, and stingrays. Uniquely, Australia has more venomous than non-venomous species of snakes.
The settlement of Australia by Indigenous Australians was between 48,000 and 70,000 years ago. Research in 2011 using DNA suggested an arrival around 50,000 years ago. Europeans came from 1788, and significantly affected the fauna. Hunting, the introduction of non-native species, and land-management practices involving the modification or destruction of habitats have led to many extinctions. Some historical examples include the paradise parrot, pig-footed bandicoot and the broad-faced potoroo. Unsustainable land use still threatens the survival of many species. To protect the survival of its fauna, Australia has passed wide-ranging federal and state legislation and established protected areas.
References
São Cristóvão

Sao Cristovao is an Brazilian city in the state of Sergipe. 91,093 people lived here in 2020 and its area is 436.863 km2.
Cities in Sergipe
Dik Trom

Dik Trom is the main character in a series of five children's books written in the Dutch language. The author, C.Joh. Kieviet wrote the first book in 1891. It was called "Uit het leven van Dik Trom" ("From the life of Dik Trom"). The books became extremely popular and they continue to be very popular today, more than 100 years after they were written.
The Life of Dik Trom
Dik Trom was a naughty boy who got up to lots of tricks with his friends. However, he is a very honest boy and he is very kind, so the readers like him.
Dik Trom lived in the village of Hoofddorp in the Harlemmermeer in the north of Holland. This is the village where the author grew up, so he was setting the stories in his own village, and based a lot of the characters on real people he had known.
Dik's real name was "Dirk". This is a common Dutch name. Dirk was very fat, even as a boy, so he soon became known as "Dik" (the Dutch word "dik" means "fat"). The word "trom" means "drum" so his name really means "Fat Drum".
Dik's parents love him very much, but they are no good at disciplining him. When he does something naughty his father just says: "'t is toch een bijzonder kind - dat is-ie" ("he's a really special child, that he is").
Dik is always brave, he is never a coward. His friends want to go and annoy a little old lady, but Dik persuades them to go and annoy the village policeman, and he has a leading role in that adventure.
Another adventure tells how Dik said he could ride a donkey without falling off. The donkey belonged to the village merchant, and it was a stubborn beast that always tried to throw off its riders. Dik managed to stay on by sitting backwards on the donkey and holding on to its tail. This is how Dik is usually seen in pictures, and there is a statue of him in the village of Hoofddorp which shows him on the donkey.
Other books about Dik Trom
Kieviet found it difficult at first to find a publisher for his book, because the main character was naughty. Once it had appeared in a second edition with some illustrations it became very popular, and Kieviet followed it with four other books about Dik, and one about Dik's son. Eight films have been made about Dik Trom, the most recent in 2010.
List of Dik Trom books
1891 Uit het leven van Dik Trom ("From the life of Dik Trom") Valkhoff & Co.
1907 De zoon van Dik Trom ("Dik Trom's son") Valkhoff & Co.
1912 Toen Dik Trom een jongen was ("When Dik Trom was a boy") Kluitman.
1920 Dik Trom en zijn dorpsgenoten ("Dik Trom and his fellow villagers") Kluitman.
1923 Het tweede boek van Dik Trom en zijn dorpsgenoten. ("The second book of Dik Trom and his fellow villagers") Kluitman.
1931 De avonturen van Dik Trom. ("The Adventures of Dik Trom") Kluitman.
References
"Uit het leven van Dik Trom" by C.Joh. Kieviet - Alkmaar gebr. Kluitman
Children's books
Dutch culture
Characters in written fiction
Planning Institute of Paris

The Planning Institute of Paris is a scientific research institute and university graduate training in the field of urban planning. It is in the Paris 12 Val de Marne University campus, France. The institute was established in 1919. It is a member of AESOP (Association of European Schools of Planning) and the French Urbanism Institute.
Other websites
Planning Institute of Paris
Urban planning organizations
1919 establishments in France
Organizations based in Paris
Research organizations in Europe
Fimcap

FIMCAP is an international youth organization. It unites youth organizations from different countries. Most of the member organizations of FIMCAP are Catholic. FIMCAP was founded in 1962.
History
In 1959 youth organizations from France, Belgium and the Netherlands met. They discussed together how they can work together in the future. Based on these discussion they developed a joint plan. Following the plan they met again in Munich in 1960 at a big Catholic meeting. Following these meetings, they decided in 1961 to officially found FIMCAP. In 1976 FIMCAP was also recognized officially by the Vatican.
Activities
Every three years, FIMCAP organizes the WorldCamp. WorldCamp is an international youth camp.
FIMCAP has its own magazine. It is called LINK Magazine. It is published four times a year.
Spiritual activities
Common visits on the World Youth Day
FIMCAP day on 20 November
Activities in Europe
EuroCourse: The Eurocourse is a European training course. It is attended by experienced leaders. It takes place once a year. Each year it is hosted by another European member organisation of FIMCAP.
EuroCamp: The EuroCamp is an exchange activity for young leaders.
Roundabouts: Roundabouts are exchanges between local groups from different member organisations of FIMCAP Europe.
Speeddating seminars: The speeddating seminars are a platform for groups to meet groups from other countries to start exchanges.
Visits of international groups to activities of member organizations (e.g. to the national camps of FDF Denmark (see: FDF National Camp), Chiro Flanders and Katholische Jungschar Austria or the Ranfttreffen of Jungwacht Blauring Switzerland)
Thematic projects
Online campaigns
e.g. the online campaign "Vote Youthfully" informing about the 2019 European Parliament election.
Cooperation with the European Fellowship
References
Glendale, California

Glendale is a city in Los Angeles County, California in the United States. It is at the junction of two large valleys, the San Fernando Valley and San Gabriel Valley, near the beginning of the Los Angeles River. As of 2020, 196,543 people live in Glendale. Glendale is known for its low crime rate and being one of the safest cities in the United States.
References
Other websites
Official website
Hamdeen Sabahi

Hamdeen Sabahi (, ; born 5 July 1954) is an Egyptian left-wing politician, journalist and poet. He is the leader of the Egyptian Popular Current. He also leads National Salvation Front with Amr Moussa. Sabahi is a Nasserist.
Early life
Sabahi was born in a small town to a peasant father.
1954 births
Living people
Egyptian Muslims
Egyptian politicians
Egyptian poets
Scott Hylands

Scott Hylands Douglas (born 1943) is a Canadian actor. His career began in 1969. Hylands was born in Vancouver, British Columbia. He appeared in Cannon, The Waltons, Baretta, and Ironside.
References
Other websites
1943 births
Living people
Canadian movie actors
Canadian television actors
Canadian voice actors
Actors from Vancouver
John Dunstaple

John Dunstaple or Dunstable (born about 1390; died 24 December 1453) was an English composer who lived in the last part of the medieval era and the early part of the Renaissance. He was one of the most famous composers in the early 15th century. He had a lot of influence on music in England as well as on the continent. He helped to develop the style of the Burgundian School.
The spelling "Dunstaple" is more often used today because in documents from his time this is the spelling that is more common, although some documents spelt his name "Dunstable".
Life
Dunstaple was probably born in Dunstable, Bedfordshire around 1390. We know very little about his life. He was well educated and he worked for the Duke of Bedford who was the fourth son of Henry IV and brother of Henry V. He may have spent some time in France because the duke was Regent of France from 1423 to 1429, and then Governor of Normandy from 1429 to his death in 1435. Dunstaple owned property in Normandy, and also in Cambridgeshire, Essex and London, according to tax records of 1436. He also worked for the Duke of Gloucester.
Many composers at that time were priests, but Dunstaple was not, although he had connections with St Albans Abbey. He was probably married.
During his life he was not just known as a composer but also as an astronomer, astrologer, and mathematician.
He died on Christmas Eve 1453, and was buried in the church of St Stephen Walbrook in London which was later destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666.
Music and influence
We hardly have any original manuscripts of Dunstaple's music. England was a very musical country at the time, but almost all that music was destroyed between 1536 and 1540 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries when Henry VIII was ruling. Most of Dunstaple's works which survive were works which were found on the continent, mostly in north Italy. This shows that he must have been famous throughout Europe. He influenced Dufay and Binchois. The Flemish composer and music theorist Tinctoris wrote in 1476 that he was the most important musician of new music which had started in England.
Dunstaple was one of the first to compose masses using one melody as cantus firmus. He wrote many carols (religious songs), but we do not know which ones are by him because he did not sign his name to them. He wrote secular music, but it has been lost.
References
groves music online
1390 births
1453 deaths
Astrologers
British esotericists
English composers
Renaissance composers
Hand (unit)

The hand is a unit of measurement of length. It is now used only to measure the height of horses in some English-speaking countries, including Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States. This unit started in ancient Egypt and was originally based on the distance across a human hand. Today it is equal to four inches or 10.16 centimeters. It may be abbreviated to "h" or the plural "hh".
References
Horses
Units of length
Imperial units
Water strider

The water strider (also known as the pond skater) is a true bug, an insect of the family Gerridae. It can run across the surface of water. It lives on ponds and slow-running streams. It rarely goes underwater. The underside of the body is covered with water-repellent hair. There are around 500 known species, commonly placed in around 60 genera. Also called the Jesus bug (walks on water).
Hemiptera
Douglas Mendes

Douglas Mendes Moreira (born 13 June 2004 in Tocantins, Brazil) is a Brazilian soccer player. He plays as defender for the Austrian Second league club FC Liefering.
Career
Mendes began his career at AA Ponte Preta. In November 2021 he made his debut for the Ponte Preta professional team in Serie B. This was his only professional appearance in the 2021 season. He then became a permanent part of the professional squad for the 2022 season and made eight second division appearances . He left in August 2022 to the first division club Red Bull Bragantino. There he only played once in Serie A by the end of the season.
Mendes was then loaned out to Austrian club FC Liefering in February 2023. He thene was signed by FC Red Bull Salzburg in July 2023 and given a contract that runs until June 2028.
National team
Mendes made his debut for the Brazil U-20 team in September 2020. With this he also successfully participated in the South American Championship in 2023.
References
2004 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Association football defenders
Players of FC Liefering
Fender Jazz Bass

The Fender Jazz Bass (sometimes known as a J-Bass) is an electric bass that has been made by Fender since 1960. It was the second bass to be made by Fender, after the Fender Precision Bass. The original version has four strings and two single-coil pickups.
Bass guitars
Boissy-l'Aillerie

Boissy-l'Aillerie is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.
References
Communes in Val-d'Oise
Anastase Murekezi

Anastase Murekezi (born 15 June 1952) is a Rwandan politician. In 2014, he became Prime Minister of Rwanda, serving until 2017.
References
1961 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Rwanda
Manton, Michigan

Manton is a city in Wexford County, Michigan, United States.
Cities in Michigan
Pļaviņas

Plavinas is a town in Latvia with town rights since 1927.
References
Towns in Latvia
1927 establishments in Europe
1920s establishments in Latvia
José Zorrilla y Moral

Jose Zorrilla y Moral (February 21, 1817 - January 23, 1893), was a Spanish Romantic poet and dramatist.
1817 births
1893 deaths
Spanish poets
Gyumri

Gyumri (Armenian:Gyowmri) is the capital and largest city of the Shirak province in northwest Armenia. It is located about 75 miles from the capital Yerevan, and, with a population of 150,917 (2001 census), is the second-largest city in Armenia.
Other websites
City website
Surp Amenaprkich cathedral in Gyumri
Cities in Armenia
Yolanda Hadid

Yolanda Hadid (nee van den Herik, previously Foster; born 11 January 1964) is a Dutch-American television personality, model, and interior designer.
She was born and raised in Papendrecht, South Holland. She was married to Palestinian real-estate developer Mohamed Hadid from 1994 until they divorced in 2000. They had two daughters, models Gigi Hadid and Bella Hadid and a son, Anwar. She married Canadian musician David Foster in 2011. They divorced in 2017.
She was one of the leading personalities on the reality series The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills. She has modelled in places such as Paris, Tokyo and Sydney for Eileen Ford.
References
1964 births
Living people
American bloggers
American models
American television personalities
Dutch models
Dutch television personalities
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from South Holland
Pumpsie Green

Elijah Jerry "Pumpsie" Green (October 27, 1933 - July 17, 2019) was an American Major League Baseball (MLB) infielder. He played with the Boston Red Sox from 1959 to 1962) and for the New York Mets in 1963. He was a switch-hitter who threw right-handed. He was listed as tall and . Green was born in Boley, Oklahoma.
Green died at a hospital in San Leandro, California on July 17, 2019 at the age of 85.
References
1933 births
2019 deaths
Boston Red Sox players
New York Mets players
Sportspeople from Oklahoma
Dorlisheim

Dorlisheim is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Economy
The headquarters of Bugatti Automobiles is in Dorlisheim.
References
Communes in Bas-Rhin
Cerăt

Cerat is a commune in Dolj County, Romania.
References
Communes in Dolj County
Firewood

Firewood is any wooden material that is gathered and used for fuel. It is a renewable resource. Generally, firewood is not highly processed and is in some sort of log or branch form.
References
Wood
Fuel
Kavum

Kavum (Konda Kavum) is a sweet food often eaten in Sri Lanka. It may also be known as 'oil cakes'. They are made on the Sinhalese New Year's Day and on other special, traditional occasions. The main ingredients are rice flour and treacle, which are fried together.
Desserts
Pedro Pires

Pedro de Verona Rodrigues Pires (; born 29 April 1934) was the President of Cape Verde from March 2001 to September 2011. Before becoming President, he was Prime Minister from 1975 to 1991.
References
1934 births
Living people
Presidents of Cape Verde
Prime Ministers of Cape Verde
Rammenau

Rammenau (Sorbian: Ramnow) is a city in the district of Bautzen, in Saxony, Germany.
It is known as the birthplace of the well-known German philosopher Johann Gottlieb Fichte.
References
Cities in Saxony
Bautzen Rural District
Service mark

A service mark or servicemark, is used in some countries as a trademark to identify a service rather than a product.
When a service mark is federally registered, the standard registration symbol ®️ or "Reg U.S. Pat & TM Off" may be used (the same symbol is used to mark registered trademarks). Before it is registered, it is common practice (with some legal standing) to use the service mark symbol (sm) (a superscript SM).
Business
Marketing
Intellectual property law
NHS trust

NHS trusts were started in 1990 by Margaret Thatcher's government. The idea was to bring a market into the National Health Service in England and Wales. They took the place of District health authorities which had managed the services before.
Each trust has a board with managers. After 2002 many of them became foundation trusts. They had more freedom. The plan was that they would all become foundation trusts, but that hasnt happened.
In 2015 there were 470 trusts. They have been joined to make bigger organizations. In April 2020 there were 217 trusts, with about 800,000 employees. There are only 3 trusts in NHS Wales. In Northern Ireland there are 5 health and social care trusts.
After 2017 there was less talk about markets in the NHS. Integrated care systems were started.
About 65% of a trust's money goes on paying the workers.
References
Teréz Zsolnay

Terez Zsolnay, married Mattyasovzky (21 March 1854 - 16 May 1944) was a Hungarian applied artist in the medium of ceramics who worked for the Zsolnay Ceramic Factory, founded by her father Vilmos Zsolnay in Pecs, in 1868.
Along with her younger sister Julia and Armin Klein, she was the most important artist of that factory during its rapid growth and worldwide success in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Life and art
Terez based her artistic expression on Hungarian folk motifs, and for this purpose she collected more than 10,000 folk art objects. In her memoirs, she also mentions that in addition to collecting folk treasures from around Pecs, she also had the opportunity to study the most typical motifs of other parts of Hungary, thanks to the friendliness of the then director of the Hungarian National Museum, who made many objects available to her.
In addition, she closely followed trends in contemporary applied art, and in her memoirs she mentions the writings of Jacob von Falke, the director of the Museum of Applied Art in Vienna, who relied on the ideas of Gottfried Semper.
Moreover, together with her sister Julija, she visited the then-famous painter and applied artist Hans Makart in his Viennese studio.
Among the sources she used was Jost Amman's book with 122 woodcuts of women's clothing, published in 1586.
Her husband, Jakab Mattyasovzky, was a geologist who traveled across Hungary, and was of great help to his wife's father Vilmos in finding the best clay deposits needed to make fine ceramics.
She largely devoted her life to her family, and at the age of 70, she began writing the History of the Zsolnay Factory, which she wrote in the form of memoires for over 20 years, on almost 2,500 pages of text.
She was already over 70 years old when she got involved in the work of the factory again, painting Egyptian, figural and geometric motifs on vases (the so-called Tutankhamun series).
She was buried, together with other family members, in the family mausoleum in Pecs.
Literature
Romvary 1989 - Ferenc Romvary: Keramika Zsolnay, in: Keramika Zsolnay, exhibition catalogue, Zagreb, 1989., p. 16-22
Kovacs 1989 - Orsolya Kovacs: Armin Klein, umjetnik - projektant tvornice Zsolnay (1855 - 1883), in: Keramika Zsolnay, exhibition catalogue, Zagreb, 1989., p. 33-37
Footnotes
1854 births
1944 deaths
Top quark

Top quarks or truth quarks are the heaviest known elementary particles (particles that are so small that they can not be divided). All quarks are elementary particles, and since they are fermions (which means that no two of them can exist in the same place at the same time), they have a spin of 1/2. Top quarks interact with all four of the fundamental forces, which are gravity, electromagnetism, strong force, and weak force. Almost all of the time, top quarks will decay into a bottom quark and a W boson, although it can sometimes decay into a strange quark.
One top quark weighs about as much as one atom of tungsten. Since top quarks are so massive, scientists have been able to make predictions about the mass of the Higgs Boson, the only type of boson with an intrinsic spin of 0 (scalar boson). Unfortunately, top quarks are only believed to be able to exist for 5x10-25 seconds.
References
Quarks
Lenore Romney

Lenore LaFount Romney (born Lenore LaFount, November 9, 1908 - July 7, 1998) was an American politician and actress. She was the wife of businessman and politician George Romney and the First Lady of Michigan from 1963 to 1969.
She was the Republican Party nominee for the U.S. Senate elections in 1970 from Michigan. Her youngest son, Mitt Romney, is the former Governor of Massachusetts and the 2012 Republican presidential nominee.
Early life
Lenore LaFount was born in Logan, Utah, and raised in Salt Lake City. She went to Latter-day Saints High School. While there, she developed an interest in drama and met George Romney.
She attended the University of Utah and George Washington University, graduating from the latter in 1929. She studied acting at the American Laboratory Theatre in New York, then went to Hollywood where she became a bit player.
Career
She acted in some movies with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Turning down a contract offer with them, she married George Romney in 1931. The couple had four children together. She was a stay-at-home mother, eventually living in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, while he became a success in business and politics. She ran for the United States senate, but lost the election.
Death
Romney died on July 7, 1998 in Royal Oak, Michigan from a stroke, aged 89. She was buried next to her husband at the Fairview Cemetery in Brighton, Michigan.
References
Other websites
"Lenore", the half-hour film from the 1970 U.S. Senate campaign
Finding Aid for Lenore LaFount Romney Papers, 1960-1974 at Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan
1908 births
1998 deaths
Deaths from stroke
American movie actors
Businesspeople from Michigan
Businesspeople from Salt Lake City, Utah
American chief executives
Actors from Michigan
Actors from Salt Lake City, Utah
Politicians from Michigan
Politicians from Salt Lake City, Utah
Republican Party (United States) politicians
People from Logan, Utah
People from Bloomfield Hills, Michigan
Governor-General of Belize

The Governor-General of Belize is Her Majesty's representative in all matters about Belize.
Governors-General of Belize, 1981-present
Dame Elmira Minita Gordon, GCMG, GCVO (21 September 1981-17 November 1993)
Sir Colville Young, GCMG, MBE (17 November 1993-30 April 2021)
Froyla Tzalam (since 27 May 2021)
References
Other websites
Georgetown University
Constitutional Court of Romania

The Constitutional Court of Romania (CCR) is independent of any other public authority. It has, according to the Romanian Constitution, the guardian of constitutional rule. This means the court has the power to make decisions, if the meaning of official laws is questioned (or challenged). This could happen if the laws are written so that they might harm the rights and freedoms of the Romanian people.
Judges
Augustin Zegrean (from 2007), President 2010.
Iulia Motoc (from 2010)
Mircea Stefan Minea (from 2010)
Petre Lazaroiu (from 2008)
Mona Pivniceru (from 2013)
Valer Dorneanu (from 2013)
Daniel Morar (from 2013)
Valentin-Zoltan Puskas (from 2007)
Tudorel Toader (from 2006)
Former judges (from 2013)
Ion Predescu (from 2004 to 2013)
Aspazia Cojocaru (from 2004 to 2013)
Acsinte Gaspar (from 2004 to 2013)
References
Marouane Fellaini

Marouane Fellaini-Bakkioui (born 22 November 1987) is a Belgian professional footballer. He plays as a midfielder for Chinese club Shandong Luneng Taishan.
Career
Fellaini played youth football for Anderlecht, R.A.E.C. Mons, Royal Francs Borains and Charleroi S.C. before joining Standard Liege. After winning the Belgian First Division and the Ebony Shoe as a Liege player, he moved to England to join Everton.
After five years at Everton, he moved to Manchester United in a deal worth PS27.5 million in September 2013. He spent five years with Manchester United, winning four trophies. In February 2019, Fellaini joined Shandong Luneng.
Fellaini played for Belgium between 2007 and 2018. He played over 80 times for his country. He represented the team at the 2008 Summer Olympics, the 2014 FIFA World Cup, UEFA Euro 2016 and the 2018 FIFA World Cup.
Personal life
Fellaini was born in Etterbeek, Brussels to Moroccan parents. In March 2020, during the 2019-20 coronavirus pandemic, he tested positive to COVID-19.
Honours
Club
Standard Liege
Belgian First Division: 2007-08
Manchester United
FA Cup: 2015-16
EFL Cup: 2016-17
FA Community Shield: 2016
UEFA Europa League: 2016-17
International
Belgium
FIFA World Cup third place: 2018
References
Other websites
1987 births
Living people
Belgian footballers
Manchester United F.C. players
Premier League players
Sportspeople from Brussels
2008 Summer Olympics
2014 FIFA World Cup players
UEFA Euro 2016 players
2018 FIFA World Cup players
Masao Takada

was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Takada played for Kwangaku Club which was consisted of his alma mater Kwansei Gakuin University players and graduates.
In May 1925, when Takada was a Kwansei Gakuin University student, he was selected the Japan national team for Far Eastern Championship Games in Manila. At this competition, on May 17, he debuted against Philippines. On May 20, he also played against Republic of China. But Japan lost in both matches (0-4, v Philippines and 0-2, v Republic of China). He played 2 games for Japan in 1925.
Statistics
|-
|1925||2||0
|-
!Total||2||0
|}
References
Other websites
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Japanese footballers
Japan international footballers
Equality before the law

Equality before the law, also known as equality under the law, equality in the eyes of the law, legal equality, or legal egalitarianism, is the principle that all people must be equally protected by the law. The principle requires a systematic rule of law that observes due process to provide equal justice, and requires equal protection ensuring that no individual nor group of individuals be privileged over others by the law.
References
Related pages
Social equality
Political philosophy
Greater Poland (European Parliament constituency)

Greater Poland (), officially called Poland's 7th European Parliament constituency (), is a European Parliament constituency in Poland. It represents the Greater Poland Voivodeship. It was created in 2004.
Election results
References
European Parliament constituencies in Poland
Nowata, Oklahoma

Nowata is a city in Oklahoma in the United States. It is the county seat of Nowata County.
County seats in Oklahoma
Cities in Oklahoma
House of Bruce

The House of Bruce began as the lords of Annandale. The most well known member was King Robert the Bruce. He beat the English army at the Battle of Bannockburn and became king. He died in 1329. He was succeeded by King David II, his son. He was deposed by Edward Balliol.
David II died at Edinburgh Castle at age 46. With him the House of Bruce ended.
Royal dynasties
14th century in Scotland
Diary of a Mad Black Woman

Diary of a Mad Black Woman is a 2005 movie. It was based on a play written by Tyler Perry. The movie starred Kimberly Elise, Shemar Moore, Cicely Tyson, Steve Harris, and Tyler Perry. The movie was directed by Darren Grant. It was released in the US on February 25, 2005. The movie became the top-grossing film in the United States in mid-March of 2005.
Plot
Kimberly Elise portrays Helen McCarter, a depressed woman living in Atlanta with her husband Charles (Steve Harris). When Charles decides he wants to marry his "other woman" Brenda, he literally drags Helen out the door. With no place to go, Helen goes to live with her grandmother Mabel "Madea" Simmons (Tyler Perry) in the ghetto. Madea assists Helen in getting her life back under control with the help of Helen's mother Myrtle Jean (Cicely Tyson), Madea's brother Joe (Tyler Perry), and Brian (Tyler Perry), her attorney relative.
Characters
Kimberly Elise as Helen Simmons-McCarter
Steve Harris as Charles McCarter
Shemar Moore as Orlando
Cicely Tyson as Myrtle Jean-Simmons
Lisa Marcos as Brenda
Tamara Taylor as Debrah Baker
Tiffany Evans as Tiffany Baker
Tyler Perry as Madea Simmons / Joe Baker / Brian Baker
Gary Anthony Sturgis as Jamison Milton Jackson
Tamela Mann (cameo) as Cora Simmons
Judge Mablean Ephriam (cameo) as herself
References
Other websites
2005 movies
American comedy movies
Movies set in Atlanta
English-language movies
Movies about divorce
Lionsgate movies
Marcia Cross

Marcia Anne Cross (born March 25, 1962 in Marlborough, Massachusetts) is an Emmy and Golden Globe Award-nominated American actress. She graduated from Juilliard and earned a master's degree in psychology at Antioch University in Los Angeles. In 2005, she was nominated for her first Emmy for her work as Bree Hodge, the "perfect" Housewife on Desperate Housewives. In December 2006, Cross earned her third consecutive nomination for the Golden Globe for Best Actress in a Comedy Series with the series.
In June 2019, Cross revealed that she suffered from anal cancer, and was now in remission.
References
American movie actors
Actors from Massachusetts
American television actors
1962 births
Living people
Nun (letter)

Nun is the fourteenth letter of the Hebrew alphabet.
Hebrew alphabet
Frederick, Maryland

Frederick is a city in the U.S. state of Maryland. It is the county seat of Frederick County. As of 2010, the population of the city was 66,382.
Cities in Maryland
County seats in Maryland
Montviette

Montviette is a former commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Saint-Pierre-en-Auge.
References
Former communes in Calvados
1298

Events
July 2 - The Battle of Gollheim is fought between Albert I of Habsburg and Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg.
22 July - Battle of Falkirk: King Edward I of England defeats a Scottish army led by William Wallace
End of the reign of Emperor Fushimi, emperor of Japan
Emperor Go-Fushimi ascends to the throne of Japan
While in prison in Genoa, Marco Polo dictates his Travels to a local writer
A fire causes severe damage to the Palace of Westminster.
The Chinese governmental minister Wang Zhen (official) invents wooden movable type printing, while the earlier Bi Sheng invented ceramic movable type in the 11th century
Births
December 12 - Albert II of Austria (died 1358)
Deaths
July 2 - Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg, King of the Romans
July 10 - King Ladislaus IV of Hungary (b. 1262)
July 22 - Sir John de Graham, Scottish soldier at the Battle of Falkirk
July 13 - Jacobus de Voragine, Italian chronicler and archbishop of Genoa
September 11 - Philip of Artois, French soldier (born 1269)
Smilets of Bulgaria (born 1292)
1298
Baker Street tube station

Baker Street station is a station on London Underground. It is in zone 1, which means it is near the center of London, where it is busy. It is the oldest station on London Underground, and the oldest underground station in the world. It opened in 1863. On the Bakerloo line it is between Regent's Park and Marylebone and on the Jubilee line it is between Bond Street and St. John's Wood. Entrances to the station are found on Baker Street and Marylebone road. Baker Street has ten platforms.
References
Bakerloo line stations
Jubilee line stations
1863 establishments in England
Railway stations opened in 1863
Tom Hatten

Tom Hatten (November 14, 1926 - March 16, 2019) was an American radio and television personality and actor. He was known as the long-time host of The Popeye Show (originally The Pier Point 5 Club) and Family Film Festival on KTLA Channel 5. He appeared as Captain Murdock in several episodes of the television show Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C., and had a minor role as an officer in three episodes of Hogan's Heroes.
Hatten died on March 16, 2019 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 92.
References
Other websites
1926 births
2019 deaths
American television personalities
American radio personalities
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from North Dakota
Comedians from North Dakota
Arithmetic progression

In mathematics, an arithmetic progression, or arithmetic sequence, is a sequence with the property that the difference between the two terms which follow one another is constant. This is different from a geometric progression, where the ratio of change between two terms is constant.
If the initial term of an arithmetic progression is and the common difference of successive members is , then the -th term of the sequence () is given by:
A finite portion of an arithmetic progression is called a finite arithmetic progression and sometimes just called an arithmetic progression. The sum of a finite arithmetic progression is called an arithmetic series.
Sequences and series
Rhytidectomy

A rhytidectomy (commonly called a facelift) is a type of cosmetic surgery procedure used to make a person's face look younger. Rhytidectomy usually involves the removal of excess facial skin, which cause wrinkles, and the redraping of the skin on the patient's face and neck. The tightening of underlying tissues of the face is optional. Nearly 112,955 face lift procedures were performed in the United States in the year 2010 alone according to the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery.
References
Medical publication on rhytidectomy
Surgery
La fanciulla del West

La fanciulla del West, meaning The Girl of the Golden West, is an opera by Puccini. The opera is three acts long. It was based on the play The Girl of the Golden West by David Belasco. The first showing of the opera was at the Metropolitan Opera, New York, in 1910.
1910s operas
1910 works
Claire Nixon

Claire Nixon (born 14 November 1993) is a British water polo player. She competed for Great Britain in the 2013 World Aquatics Championships.
She was born in Stafford, Staffordshire. She was educated at Great Wyrley High School. She played for the University of Hawaii's women's water polo team.
References
Other websites
Claire Nixon profile BBC
1993 births
Living people
British water polo players
Sportspeople from Staffordshire
Teri Yaad (movie)

Teri Yaad is a Pakistani Urdu movie. It is the first movie to be released in the country after Pakistan was created in the separation of India. The movie was released on 7 August 1948, Eid day. It was the first movie released after the creation of Pakistan, but not the first to be produced by the people who lived in the land that became Pakistan.
Pakistani movies
1948 movies
Urdu-language movies
United States ten-dollar bill

The United States ten-dollar bill ($10) is a denomination of U.S. currency.
References
Currency of the United States
William McKinley

William McKinley Jr. (January 29, 1843 - September 14, 1901) was the 25th president of the United States, from 1897 until his assassination in 1901.
Before he became president, McKinley was a congressman of Ohio.
Presidency
McKinley was inaugurated in 1897. This was the first presidential inauguration to be filmed.
When the USS Maine was sunk, the public wanted war. Congress declared war against Spain in Latin America. This was the Spanish-American War. It started the era of imperialism for the United States.
During his presidency, McKinley also supported higher tariffs (taxes on countries which trade with the US). During his term, the United States annexed Hawaii, Cuba, the Philippines, and Wake Island.
McKinley was elected to a second term as president in 1900. His second term did not last very long.
Death
McKinley was shot by an anarchist named Leon Czolgosz on September 6, 1901. His abdominal gunshot wounds became infected and resulted in gangrene. He died eight days later and Czolgosz said that the President committed war crimes in the Philippines and was an enemy of the people. Czolgosz was executed in the electric chair on October 29, 1901. McKinley was the third American president to be assassinated.
After McKinley's death, his vice president Theodore Roosevelt became president.
Praise
McKinley's biographer, H. Wayne Morgan remarks that McKinley died the most beloved president in history.
Kenneth F. Warren emphasizes the national commitment to a pro-business, industrial, and modernizing program, represented by McKinley.
Notes
References
Other websites
William McKinley's White House biography
1843 births
1901 deaths
Deaths from gangrene
Assassinated presidents of the United States
Murders by firearm in New York (state)
People from Canton, Ohio
People murdered in New York (state)
Politicians from Ohio
Presidents of the United States
20th-century American politicians
19th-century American politicians
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Nationalists
Ukmabam

Ukmabam is a Meetei Manipuri surname or family name which has Indian origin. People of this family mainly inhabit in Manipur, India.
References
Meitei surnames
Bamba

Bamba may refer to:
Amadou Bamba, Muslim religious leader and founder of Mouridism
Souleymane Bamba, French-Ivorian footballer representing Hibernian F.C. and the Cote d'Ivoire national football team
Bamba snack, peanut butter snack food made in Israel
La Bamba (song)
Bamba, an Aruban musical instrument - see Music of Aruba
Bamba, alternate spelling for Quechua word "Pampa", meaning plain.
Bambera, a Spanish cante or song form associated with flamenco.
Places
Bamba, Burundi
Bamba, Congo, town in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Bamba, Kenya, a small town in the Kilifi District of Kenya
Bamba, Guinea
Bamba, Mali, a town
Bamba, Mopti a small town in Mali
Bamba Crater, on the planet Mars, named after Bamba, Congo
Comata, the Sioux

Comata, the Sioux is a 1909 American silent western movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars James Kirkwood, Marion Leonard, and Arthur V. Johnson.
Actors
James Kirkwood as Comata, the Sioux
Marion Leonard as Clear Eyes
Arthur V. Johnson as Bud Watkins
Linda Arvidson as Nellie Howe
Verner Clarges as Father/Indian Chief
References
Other websites
American movies
1909 movies
American silent movies
Kobi Marimi

Kobi (Yakov) Marimi (Hebrew: kvby (y`kvb) mrymy; born October 8, 1991) is an Israeli singer and actor who won the sixth season of HaKokhav HaBa. This earned him the right to represent his country in the Eurovision Song Contest 2019 on home soil. Marimi is a professional acting graduate and won the award for the most promising actor in Israel's Musical Theatre Festival.
Israeli singers
Ursula Braun-Moser

Ursula Braun-Moser (25 May 1937 - 2 May 2022) was a German politician. She was a member of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany, Alternative for Germany, and later the Liberal Conservative Reformers. She was in the European Parliament from 1984 to 1989 and again from 1990 to 1994. She was born in Frankfurt, Germany.
Braun-Moser died in Bad Vilbel, Germany on 2 May 2022 at the age of 84.
References
1937 births
2022 deaths
MEPs for Germany
Politicians from Frankfurt
Liv Ullmann

Liv Johanne Ullmann (born 16 December 1938) is a Norwegian actress particularly associated with movies by Swedish director Ingmar Bergman.
Life and career
Ullmann was born in Tokyo, Japan, to Norwegian parents. The family moved to Toronto when she was two. Her father was an engineer and after his death in 1946, Ullmann returned to Norway with her mother and older sister, where they settled in Trondheim.
After high school, she decided on an acting career. She applied and was turned down twice at the National Theater School in Oslo. She nonetheless persevered and after some studies at the Webber School of Acting in London, she eventually found work with a repertory theatre company in Stavenger. She also began appearing in bit parts in movies and on television.
She got her first major break when she met Swedish director Ingmar Bergman who offered her a role in his movie Persona (1966), opposite Bibi Anderson. She became his muse and lover and went on starring in several of his movies to considerable acclaim; Hour of the Wolf (1968), Shame (1968), The Passion of Anna (1969), Cries and Whispers (1972), Scenes of a Marriage (1973), Face to Face (1975), The Serpent's Egg (1977), Autumn Sonata (1978) and Saraband (2003).
She also appeared in Jan Troell's epic movie The Emigrants (1971) and its sequel The New Land (1972), which earned her an Academy Award nomination as best actress.
After her break up with Bergman in the early 1970s, she went to Hollywood and appeared in movies such as Pope Joan (1972), New Horizons (1973), Forty Carats (1973), The Abdication (1974), Zandy's Bride (1974), but failed to establish herself as the new Nordic star like Greta Garbo and Ingrid Bergman before her.
She published two autobiographies Changing (1977) and Choices (1984), in which she candidly discussed her life and career.
In the 1990s, she turned to directing with movies including Sofie (1992) and Kristin Lavransdotter (1995). She also worked as a goodwill ambassador for UNICEF.
Miss Ullmann has a daughter Linn Ullmann (born in 1966) with Ingmar Bergman, and two grandchildren.
References
Other websites
1938 births
Living people
Actors from Tokyo
Actors from Toronto
Autobiographers
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Norwegian movie directors
Norwegian entertainers
Norwegian movie actors
Norwegian television actors
Norwegian voice actors
Fontet

Fontet is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Communes in Gironde
Stammbach

Stammbach is a market town and municipality in Hof in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Hof (district)
Jathera

A Jathera is a shrine constructed to commemorate common clan ancestors. Each village in the Punjab has a Jathera which can be visited by members of different surnames. Many villages have a Jathera for each clan/surname.
When members of a clan form a new village, they continue to visit the Jathera in the ancestral village. If this is not possible, a link is brought from the old Jathera to construct a new Jathera in the new village.
People visit the Jathera when getting married, on the 15th day of the Indian month, and sometimes on the first Sunday of an Indian month.
Religious buildings
Punjab, India
Lieutenant Governor of Nevada

The Nevada Lieutenant Governor is an elected office in the U.S. state of Nevada. They are elected for 4 year terms. The 37th and current Lieutenant Governor is Stavros Anthony (Republican) since 2023.
Living former lieutenant governors of Nevada
Other websites
Nevada Lieutenant Governor
Impractical Jokers

Impractical Jokers is an American hidden-camera reality comedy show which premiered on truTV on December 15, 2011. The show is about four lifelong friends (known as "jokers"): James "Murr" Murray, Brian "Q" Quinn, Sal Vulcano, and Joe Gatto, who compete in a series of hilarious public challenges in (almost) every episode while being secretly filmed with hidden cameras. At the end of most episodes, the joker(s) who lost the most challenges (known as the "Big Loser[s]") have to face an uncomfortable punishment, and if they refuse, they're kicked off the show. Joe left the show in the middle of season 9 to focus on parenting his children after divorcing his wife. Starting with its tenth season, the show is airing on TBS. Impractical Jokers has gotten mostly good reviews from most critics, and has become a popular show.
American television series
Pyithu Hluttaw

The House of Representatives (, Pyithu Hluttaw) is the lower house of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the bicameral legislature of Myanmar (Burma). It is made up of 440 members, of which 330 are directly elected through the first-past-the-post system in each townships and 110 are appointed by the Myanmar Armed Forces.
As of 8 November 2015, 90% of the members are men (389 members) and 10% women (44 members).
References
Organizations based in Myanmar
Converse County, Wyoming

Converse County is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2010 census, 13,833 people lived there. Its county seat is Douglas. It was created in 1888.
Communities
City
Douglas (county seat)
Towns
Glenrock
Rolling Hills
Lost Springs
Other unincorporated communities
Bill
Boxelder
Esterbrook
Orin
Parkerton
Shawnee
References
Other websites
Converse County Website
1880s establishments in Wyoming Territory
1888 establishments in the United States
Wyoming counties
Raúl Baduel

Raul Isaias Baduel (6 July 1955 - 12 October 2021) was a Venezuelan politician and general. He was the Minister of Defense under President Hugo Chavez from 2006 until 2008. He was born in Guarico, Venezuela.
Baduel died on 12 October 2021 at a hospital in Caracas, Venezuela from cardiopulmonary arrest caused by COVID-19, aged 66.
References
1955 births
2021 deaths
Venezuelan politicians
Generals
Deaths from cardiopulmonary arrest
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Venezuela
Fredonia, Kansas

Fredonia is a city in Wilson County, Kansas, United States. The population was 2,600 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Wilson County.
References
Cities in Wilson County, Kansas
County seats in Kansas
Erna Solberg

Erna Solberg (; born 24 February 1961) is a Norwegian politician. She has been leader of the Conservative Party since 2004. She was the 35th Prime Minister of Norway from 2013 until 2021. Solberg lost her re-election in September 2021, after the Conservative party lost many seats in the election.
Solberg was born in Bergen. She has two children with her husband, Sindre Finnes.
References
Other websites
1961 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Norway
People from Bergen
Hyderabad

Hyderabad can mean more than one city.
Hyderabad, India
Hyderabad, Sindh
Cheeseburger

A cheeseburger is a hamburger with cheese on it and sometimes lettuce. The cheeseburger is usually found at fast food restaurants, such as Burger King and McDonald's.
References
Other websites
The Tale of the Cheeseburger
Sandwiches
Marktl

Marktl (unofficial name: Marktl am Inn, lit. "Little market on the river Inn") is a village and historic market municipality. It is in Altotting, a district (Landkreis) in Upper Bavaria. It is the birthplace of Pope Benedict XVI.
Twin towns -- sister cities
Marktl is twinned with:
Wadowice, Poland (2006)
Gonnheim, Germany
Sotto il Monte Giovanni XXIII, Italy (2009)
References
Other websites
markt-marktl.de Official Homepage
Marktl am Inn Sleepy Bavarian Village on the World Map.
Altotting (district)
CS1 German-language sources (de)
Coordinates on Wikidata
Municipalities in Bavaria