pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Carole Samaha

Carole Samaha () is a Lebanese singer, actress, and performer. She has released six studio albums. Samaha has a master's degree in acting and directing, which she earned in 1999 from the Saint Joseph University of Beirut.
In 2004 she won the Arab Music Award for best female newcomer. She has also won multiple Murex d'Or awards and was nominated for best Arabia New Act in the MTV Europe Music Awards 2008.
Early life
Samaha was born on 25 July 1972 in Beirut to Antoine Samaha from Khenchara, Matn and Nouhad Hawi from Dhour El Choueir, Matn. She has two brothers.
Her parents supported different political factions, according to Samaha that fact made her become "more open" to the different views of people and she learned a lot from that experience.
Personal life
On 1 November 2013, Samaha married Walid Mostafa, a divorced Egyptian with a daughter from a previous marriage, in a civil ceremony in Cyprus following an 18-month love affair and short engagement. On 31 August 2015 Carole Samaha gave birth to a baby girl, Tala. She is Catholic. From 2014, Samaha has been residing in Egypt with her husband.
Discography
Videography
Awards
"Revelation of the year" (actress and singer) Murex d'Or in 2000.
"Best female newcomer" Arab Music Award (2003) - This was the first year for which Arab Music Awards were awarded and the ceremony was held in Dubai in May 2004.
"Best Polyvalent talent" (actress and singer) Murex d'Or in 2003.
"Best Female Romantic Song" ("Tala3 Fiyyi") Murex d'Or in 2003.
"Best Lebanese Female Singer" Murex d'Or in 2007.
"Best Lebanese Song" ("Ya Rab", with Marwan Khoury) Murex d'Or in 2007.
"Best album of the year" (Hdoudi Sama, 2009) Murex d'Or in June 2010.
Samahe was honored for best music video - "Khalik Behalik" - at the 2011 Murex d'Or ceremony.
World Music Award "Best Stage Performer in the Middle East" in Monaco 2014.
References
1972 births
Living people
Lebanese musicians
People from Beirut
Annie Koch-Ernst

Annie W. Koch-Ernst (born around 1915) was a Dutch badminton player. She was a member of badminton club "Smash" in The Hague. She became 18 times national champion. As a senior she became five times individual champion (1938, 1939, 1953, 1954, 1956); seven times doubles champion (1936, 1938, 1939, 1954, 1956, 1957, 1958); and won twice the national mixed championships (1939, 1956).
She also competed at international badminton competitions, including against England and Denmark in 1934, at the first international meeting after World War II in 1954 against Germany, and in 1956 against France and Germany.
In 1959 she made a yearly cup available, the Annie Koch Cup, for women under-18.
In 1952 she became treasurer of the Dutch badminton federation.
References
Other websites
Newspaper image of Koch-Ernst (1934)
Newspaper image of Koch-Ernst (1958)
Dutch badminton players
Sportswomen
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
1910s births
Elongation

Elongation is an astronomical term that describes the angle between the Sun and a planet, as viewed from Earth.
When an inferior planet (Mercury or Venus) is visible after sunset, it is near its greatest eastern elongation. When an inferior planet is visible before sunrise, it is near its greatest western elongation. The value of the greatest elongation (west or east), for Mercury, is between 18deg and 28deg; and for Venus between 45deg and 47deg. This value varies because the orbits of the planets are elliptical, rather than perfect circles.
Celestial mechanics
Helsinki

Helsinki () is the capital city of Finland. Helsinki is the largest city in Finland. 604,380 (31.12.2012) people live in Helsinki, and 1,360,000 live in the Helsinki metropolitan area.
Helsinki is in the south of Finland, on the coast of the Gulf of Finland. The city is in the Uusimaa region. When one looks from Helsinki, Tallinn is on the opposite side of the sea, but it is too far away to see. A poetic name for Helsinki is "the daughter of the Baltic Sea".
History
In 1550, Swedish king Gustav Vasa commanded people to build a new city and move there. His idea was to build a new place to trade, which would be more popular than Tallinn. The idea did not work well, and many people returned from Helsinki to their homes. Later Sweden built the fortress Suomenlinna in Helsinki. After Russia had taken Finland from Sweden in several wars, they started developing Helsinki. Helsinki became the capital of autonomous province of Finland. When Finland became independent in 1917, Helsinki stayed as the capital city.
Geography
Helsinki spreads around several bays and over several islands. Some famous islands include Seurasaari, Lauttasaari and Korkeasaari - which is also the country's biggest zoo - as well as the fortress island of Suomenlinna (Sveaborg).
The metropolitan area of Greater Helsinki also includes two of Finland's biggest cities, Espoo to the west of Helsinki, and Vantaa to the north. These two cities, along with Helsinki itself and the small town of Kauniainen (which is in fact surrounded by Espoo), make up the Capital Region (Paakaupunkiseutu in Finnish or Huvudstadsregionen in Swedish). There are other towns nearby that are part of Greater Helsinki, including Jarvenpaa, Kerava, Tuusula, Nurmijarvi, Sipoo, Kirkkonummi, Mantsala and Vihti. They have become popular places for Helsinki commuters to live.
Transport
The public transportation network in Helsinki and its area consists of
many bus routes serving most of the region. They are operated by different companies under contract to HSL.
one metro line (with two branches) between Helsinki and its eastern suburbs. The line first opened in 1982 and was extended to Espoo in 2017.
eleven tram lines, located mostly in the city centre. A light rail line serving the northern suburbs has been planned and construction will begin in 2019.
several commuter trains between Helsinki and nearby cities. Some lines go as far as Lahti, Riihimaki and Karis.
Helsinki Airport is located in Vantaa about 20 kilometers north of Helsinki city center. The airport offers both domestic flights within Finland and international flights to Europe, Asia and North America.
Helsinki offers several boat services to Tallinn and Stockholm every day, along with ferries to places including the island of Suomenlinna.
Gallery
References
Other websites
City of Helsinki web site - English version
City portal of Helsinki - English version
Finland Travel Community
WorldFlicks in Helsinki: Photos and interesting places on Google Maps
Olympic cities
1550s establishments in Europe
16th-century establishments in Finland
1550 establishments
Autoregressive model

An autoregressive model is a kind of model. It is mainly used in statistics. Like all statistics models, the idea is to describe a random process. In an autoregressive model, the output value depends linearly on one of the previous values of the model, plus a random variable, which describes that there is some randomness in the outcome.
Statistics
Bábism

Babism is a religion. It was started in Persia in the middle of the 19th century. The founder was Mirza Ali Muhamed Reza ash-Shirazi. He claimed to be a kind of savior for Shi'a Muslims. He took the title Bab (), meaning "gate" in Persian. Babism was originally based on his interpretation of the Quran and other Islamic texts. There were similar movements like this, but the Babi movement tried to break with Islam to start a new religion. It was opposed by the government in Persia, which used laws and violence to destroy it. Babism continued in exile in the Ottoman Empire. It led to the creation of Azali Babism and the Baha'i Faith.
1844 establishments
Lambert Croux

Lambert "Bertie" Croux (6 March 1927 -- 8 July 2020) was a Belgian politician. He was born in Bilzen, Belgium. He was a member of the CVP party. He was a senator from 1977 to 1981 and Member of the European Parliament from 1979 to 1989.
Croux died on 8 July 2020 in Hasselt, Belgium at the age of 93.
References
1927 births
2020 deaths
Christelijke Volkspartij politicians
Flemish politicians
MEPs for Belgium
People from Limburg (Belgium)
Camille

The name Camille [ kuh-mil-uh ] is a usually feminine given name, though there are some males by the name. The name is a French form of the name Camilla. People named Camille include Camille Claudel, a painter. Camille is a name that exudes beauty and elegance and has been favored for centuries. It is a name with a rich history, having been used in various cultures with different interpretations. The name Camille originated from the French language and is derived from the Latin word "camillus," which refers to a young ceremonial attendant. Since the 17th century, it has been a popular name in France and has also gained popularity in other countries worldwide. One of the most well-known individuals named Camille is the French artist Camille Pissarro, who was a prominent figure in the Impressionist movement. He is renowned for his stunning depictions of landscapes and cityscapes. Another famous individual with the name Camille is the French composer Camille Saint-Saens, who was a prolific composer and is most recognized for his opera, Samson and Delilah.
In mid August 1969, Hurricane Camille hit the Gulf Coast States of Mississippi and Alabama, causing heavy damage and killing over two hundred people.
People
Camille Saint-Saens, French composer, organist, conductor and pianist
Camille Pissarro, Danish-French painter
References
Given names
Lars Petrus

Lars Petrus (born in 1960) is a speedcuber from Sweden. He invented a method of solving the Rubik's Cube very quickly. He became the Swedish national champion of speedcubing in 1982. He finished fourth overall at the first official Rubik's Cube World Championships held in Budapest. He later published his own special method, known as the Petrus method, on the internet.
Other websites
Official website
1960 births
Living people
Swedish people
Liev Schreiber

Liev Isaac Schreiber (; born October 4, 1967) is an American actor, producer, director, and screenwriter. He was known for his role in Scream, Phantoms, The Sum of All Fears, X-Men Origins: Wolverine, Salt, Taking Woodstock, and in The Butler.
Schreiber was born on October 4, 1967 in San Francisco, California.
References
Other websites
Interview with Details
Interview with Men's Vogue
Interview with W magazine
Tony Award winning actors
Drama Desk Award winners
1967 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from San Francisco
List of cities in Venezuela

This is a list of cities, towns and communities in Venezuela. Capitals of states are marked with a *.
References
Largest cities in Venezuela
Instituto Nacional de Estadistica - Publicaciones/Demografica/Cuadro3
Venezuela, List of cities in
Venezuela
city
Djurgården

Djurgarden () is an island in the town of Stockholm in Sweden. Attractions here are the amusement park Grona Lund and the open air museum, Skansen.
Other websites
David Bennett Sr.

David Bennett Sr. (1964 - March 8, 2022) was an American medical patient. He was the first patient to have a xenotransplantation with a genetically modified heart. On January 7, 2022, aged 57, he received the heart of a gene-edited pig. He was born in Maryland.
Bennett died in Baltimore, Maryland on March 8, 2022, at the age of 57.
Disease, transplantation and death
Bennett suffered from advanced heart failure, accompanied by cardiac arrhythmias. Due to insufficient adherence to therapy - among other things, he had not made sufficient efforts to control his blood pressure - the treating physicians saw him as unsuitable for an allotransplantation. There were doubts as to whether, given the very scarce human organs, one should be able to give one to a person whose subsequent compliance was not assured. Therefore, with Bennett's approval, an exemption was sought from the Food and Drug Administration to perform a pig heart transplant.
The procedure took place on January 7, 2022 and was performed by US cardiac surgeon Bartley P. Griffith at the University of Maryland Medical Center in Baltimore.
The clinic reported January 10 with video from the operating room and a picture of the isolated pig heart. The patient had survived the typical period of a rapid rejection reaction, was conscious and reflected on his situation. He knows it's "a shot in the dark," but it's his last chance. The clinic quoted him as saying he was looking forward to getting up soon. By January 18, Bennett was off the heart-lung machine and able to communicate with those around him.
One month after the procedure, it was reported that the patient remained bedridden. Attempts were made to mobilize him with physiotherapy. A rejection reaction to the foreign organ had not materialized until then.
Two months after the transplant, Bennett died on March 8, 2022, after his health had deteriorated over a few days.
About two months after Bennett's death, doctors announced that he had been diagnosed with a swine virus. It was also said that it was possible that the virus had been the cause of death. It could also have been silent and had no effect on the patient. A combination with other factors contributing to the cause of death can also be considered.
References
1964 births
2022 deaths
People from Baltimore
.ws

.ws is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Samoa. It is administered by SamoaNIC, for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Government of Samoa.
References
.ws domain registration
IANA .ws whois information
Samoa
Volvo B10BLE

Volvo B10BLE is a bus produced by Volvo from 1992 until 2002.
Buses
Eduardo Guardia

Eduardo Refinetti Guardia (January 19, 1966 - ) was a Brazilian economist and politician. He was the Finance Minister of Brazil from 2018 to 2019 during the Michel Temer presidency. He was Executive Secretary of the Ministry of Finance from 2016 and 2018 and Secretary of the National Treasury in the early 2000s. In 2019, he became a partner in and the CEO of BTG Pactual Asset management. Guardia was born in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
On April 11, 2022, it was announced that Guardia had died at the age of 56.
References
1966 births
2022 deaths
Brazilian economists
Politicians from Sao Paulo
Businesspeople from Sao Paulo
2022 NFL Draft

The 2022 NFL Draft was the 87th National Football League's yearly draft and was held from April 28-30, 2022, at the Caesars Forum on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada.
Player selections
The following is the breakdown of the 262 players selected by position:
37 cornerbacks
33 linebackers
28 wide receivers
24 offensive tackles
22 running backs
21 defensive ends
19 safeties
19 offensive guards
19 tight ends
19 defensive tackles
9 quarterbacks
6 centers
4 punters
1 kicker
1 fullback
Trades
In the explanations below, (PD) indicates trades completed prior to the start of the draft (i.e. Pre-Draft), while (D) denotes trades that took place during the 2022 draft.
Round one
Round two
Round three
Round four
Round five
Round six
Round seven
Notes
Selections removed
References
Trade references
General references
National Football League Draft
Draft
Paul Badura-Skoda

Paul Badura-Skoda (6 October 1927 - 25 September 2019) was an Austrian pianist, known for his performances on historical instruments.
In 1947 he won first prize in the Austrian Music Competition. Badura-Skoda was a part of the ""Viennese Troika" along with Friedrich Gulda and Jorg Demus. In 1974 he went on a tour in all the large cities in South Africa.
Badura-Skoda was performing works of Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, and also had an extensive repertoire including many works of Chopin and Ravel. In his collection Badura-Skoda kept a few period instruments including replicas, which he used in concerts and for recordings. As a successful recording artist, Badura-Skoda made over 200 records, including many duplicates created to highlight the sound of different pianos. He died on 25 September 2019.
References
Other websites
Paul Badura-Skoda official website
Tommasini, Anthony "Paul Badura-Skoda, Who Could Make a Piano Sing, Dies at 91". The New York Times.
Austrian pianists
Austrian classical musicians
Musicians from Vienna
1927 births
2019 deaths
Saint-Martin-de-la-Lieue

Saint-Martin-de-la-Lieue is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Calvados
Westborough, Massachusetts

Westborough is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.
Towns in Massachusetts
Annelöv

Annelov is a locality in Landskrona Municipality in Skane County in Sweden. In 2010, 380 people lived there.
References
Settlements in Skane County
Ben Herring

Ben Herring (born 14 March 1980, Auckland, New Zealand) is a former rugby union player. He played for the Leicester Tigers in the Guinness Premiership. His position is flanker. Herring missed out on a 2007 Super 14 rugby contract with any New Zealand Super 14 team. He negotiated a move to join the Leicester Tigers in early 2007. In April 2009 Herring retired on medical advice after suffering a series of concussions.
References
Other websites
Leicester profile
1980 births
Living people
New Zealand rugby union players
Sportspeople from Auckland
The Phantom of the Opera (musical)

The Phantom of the Opera is a 1986 musical. Andrew Lloyd Webber and Richard Stilgoe wrote the book. Charles Hart and Stilgoe wrote the lyrics. Andrew Lloyd Webber wrote the music. The musical is based on the 1910 novel, The Phantom of the Opera by Gaston Leroux.
West End and Broadway premieres
Phantom opened at Her Majesty's Theatre in the West End on 9 October 1986. Michael Crawford originated the titular role, with Sarah Brightman played Christine and Steve Barton as Raoul.
The musical opened on Broadway on 26 January 1988 at the Majestic Theatre. Crawford, Brightman, and Barton played their West End roles in the Broadway production.
Main roles
The Phantom of the Opera, a disfigured man
Christine Daae, a young opera singer
Raoul, Vicomte de Chagny, Christine's love interest
Story
The story is about a deformed musical genius who lives in a sewer beneath the opera house in Paris. Obsessed with a young soprano by the name of Christine, he terrorizes everyone at the opera in an effort to make her a star.
Awards
The musical won various awards over the years, including the 1986 Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Musical and the 1988 Tony Award for Best Musical. Michael Crawford won the Olivier and Tony Awards for Best Actor in a Musical.
Adaptations
The musical was made into a movie with the same name in 2004. It stars Gerard Butler as the Phantom, Emmy Rossum as Christine, and Patrick Wilson as Raoul.
Musicals by Andrew Lloyd Webber
West End musicals
Broadway musicals
1980s musicals
Musicals based on books
Laurence Olivier Award winning musicals
1986 works
Amma Makkal Munnetra Kazagam

The Amma Makkal Munnettra Kazagam (transl. Amma People Progressive Federation; abbr. AMMK) is an Indian regional political party with great influence in the state of Tamil Nadu and union territory of Pondicherry. AMMK is a Dravidian party founded by T. T. V. Dhinakaran at Madurai on 15 March 2018 as a breakaway faction from the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam.C. Gopal and TTV Dhinakaran assigned the post of president and general secretary of the party respectively.
Political parties in Tamil Nadu
Futabasaurus

Futabasaurus was a plesiosaur from the Upper Cretaceous. A complete skeleton of one has not been found. It is not known very well.
Futabasaurus is the first elasmosaurid found in Japan. The type species is F. suzukii. Many of the bones of the type specimen show apparent scavenging or predation by sharks.
References
Plesiosaurs
Runaround Sue

"Runaround Sue" is a 1961 song by Dion and is the title track from his debut studio album Runaround Sue. It went to number 1 in the United States, New Zealand and Canada and number 2 in Australia. It was covered by Del Shannon and Leif Garrett in 1977.
References
1961 songs
Pop songs
Doo-wop songs
Dion DiMucci songs
Leif Garrett songs
Del Shannon songs
Aeroscopia

Aeroscopia is a museum in Blagnac, France, close to Toulouse. It was created on 14 January 2015. It has two Concorde aircraft.
References
2015 establishments in France
Museums in France
Aviation in France
Toulouse
Presles, Val-d'Oise

Presles is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.
References
Communes in Val-d'Oise
Masao Takahashi

Masao Takahashi (June 24, 1929 - February 14, 2020) was a Canadian judoka, author and coach. He was born in Stave Falls, British Columbia, Canada. Takahashi was the founder of the Takahashi School of Martial Arts.
He was involved in judo for more than 70 years, and was ranked hachi-dan (eighth-degree black belt), making him one of the highest ranked Canadian judoka. In 2002 he was decorated by the Emperor of Japan with the Order of the Sacred Treasure. He was added into the Judo Canada Hall of Fame in 1998.
Takahashi died on February 14, 2020 in Ottawa at the age of 90.
References
1929 births
2020 deaths
Sportspeople from British Columbia
Writers from British Columbia
Ashanti (1979 movie)

Ashanti (also called Ashanti, Land of No Mercy) is a 1979 Swiss American action adventure movie directed by Richard Fleischer and was based the 1977 novel Ebano by Alberto Vazquez-Figueroa. It stars Michael Caine, Peter Ustinov, Kabir Bedi, Beverly Johnson, Omar Sharif, Rex Harrison, William Holden, Zia Mohyeddin, Jean-Luc Bideau, Tariq Yunus and was distributed by Warner Bros..
Other websites
1979 action movies
1979 adventure movies
Swiss action movies
Swiss adventure movies
1970s American action movies
1970s American adventure movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Richard Fleischer
Catgirl

A catgirl (Mao Niang , nekomusume) is a female anthropomorphic character with cat traits. Catgirls are often found in various fiction genres and in particular Japanese anime and manga. Catboys are the male counterparts to catgirls. Some catgirls or catboys can be seen wearing a french maid outfit. In late 2020, catboys gained more recognition as femboys became popularized by the app TikTok, with many of the femboys on the app donning feline accessories due to popular memes that encouraged them to "put on the cat ears" or promoted catboys in general.
References
Anime and manga terms
Geoff Harvey

Geoffrey John Harvey (6 August 1935 - 30 March 2019) was an English-Australian pianist, conductor, musical director and television personality. He worked at the Australian Nine Network for 38 years. He was known for starring on The Mike Walsh Show and Midday. He was born in London.
Awards and recognition
Harvey was a recipient of the Medal of the Order of Australia during the 2006 Queen's Birthday honours for "service to the community as a musician and entertainer, and through support for charitable organisations".
Death
Harvey died on 30 March 2019 in Berrima, New South Wales at the age of 83.
References
Other websites
1935 births
2019 deaths
Australian musicians
Australian entertainers
English pianists
Australian conductors
Musicians from London
Television personalities from London
British conductors
Rockford, Michigan

Rockford is a city in Kent County, Michigan. As of 2010, the population is 5,719. It is just north from Grand Rapids, Michigan.
Cities in Michigan
Bernardo Rezende

Bernardo Rocha de Rezende known as Bernardinho (born August 25, 1959) is a Brazilian volleyball coach and former player. He is the current coach of both Brazil national volleyball team and the female volleyball team Rio de Janeiro Volei Clube. Rezende is the most successful coach in the history of volleyball, accumulating more than 30 major titles in twenty-year career directing the Brazilian male and female teams.
References
Other websites
Coach profile
1959 births
Living people
Brazilian volleyball players
Volleyball coaches
Curium

Curium is a synthetic chemical element in the periodic table that has the atomic number 96. It has the chemical symbol Cm and it is a radioactive metal. In chemistry it is placed in a group of metal elements named the actinides. Curium is a transuranic element. It is a radioactive element that does not exist in nature. Curium has a silver color and it is made by bombarding a plutonium target with alpha particles (helium ions). Curium was named after Marie Curie and her husband Pierre.
Uses
Curium is used currently in rovers and space machinery.
References
Actinides
Synthetic elements
Free-to-play

Free-to-play video games are games that don't cost money to play most of their content.
Video games
Fort Hays State University

Fort Hays State University (FHSU) is a public university in Hays, Kansas. It is the third-biggest of the six state universities governed by the Kansas Board of Regents. They have about 15,100 students (4,648 on campus, 6,882 online, 3,570 Chinese program).
History
During the Great Flood of 1951, a tributary of the Kansas River flooded nearly all of campus. It forced a midnight evacuation.
Student media
Student Media at Fort Hays is housed under the banner Tiger Media Network. It includes radio and TV, coming from their website.
References
Other websites
Fort Hays State Athletics website
20th-century establishments in Kansas
1902 establishments in the United States
Colleges and universities in Kansas
James W. Loewen

James William Loewen (February 6, 1942August 19, 2021) was an American sociologist, historian, and author. He was best known for his 1995 book, Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong. He was born in Decatur, Illinois. Loewen worked at the University of Vermont and The Catholic University of America.
Loewen died on August 19, 2021 at a hospital in Bethesda, Maryland from bladder cancer at the age of 79.
References
1942 births
2021 deaths
American sociologists
American historians
Writers from Illinois
Deaths from bladder cancer
Communes of the Manche department

The following is a list of the 602 communes of the Manche departement, in France.
(CUC) Communaute urbaine de Cherbourg, created in 1970.
Manche
Willem Barents

Willem Barents (or Barentsz, probably from Barentzoon, son of Barent) was a Dutch explorer. He was born on Terschelling around 1550, and died on the 20th June 1597 near Novaya Zemlya.
The Barents Sea, Barentsburg and Barents Region were all named after him.
References
Dutch explorers
1550 births
1597 deaths
Saint-Aignan-de-Couptrain

Saint-Aignan-de-Couptrain is a commune of 360 people as of 1999. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Mayenne
Parasympathetic nervous system

The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS or PSNS) is part of the autonomic nervous system. It does the opposite things of the sympathetic nervous system, the other part of the autonomic nervous system. This way, the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems balance each other's effects. The sympathetic nervous system helps a person "fight or flight" when they are in danger. When the danger is gone, the parasympathetic nervous system lets the person "rest and digest," "feed and breed."
Effects
The parasympathetic nervous system has many different effects. It affects every part of the body, including:
The heart: The heart relaxes and beats slower. This makes the heart rate and blood pressure lower.
The lungs: Breathing slows down. The bronchi (the tubes that bring air to the lungs) also get narrower.
The eyes: The pupils get smaller.
The digestive system: Extra blood is sent to the stomach and intestines. The stomach and intestines also work faster. This helps the person digest the food in their stomach.
The blood vessels: The blood vessels in the parts of the body that are far away from the heart, lungs, and brain get wider. (This is called vasodilation.) This helps make the blood pressure lower. It also makes the skin warmer, and can cause a man to have an erection.
Because of these effects, the parasympathetic nervous system always has to balance with the sympathetic nervous system. For example, if only the parasympathetic nervous system was working, a person's heart rate and breathing would keep getting lower and lower. Eventually the person would stop breathing or their heart would stop beating.
However, in a healthy person, the brain realizes when the parasympathetic nervous system's effects are getting too strong. For example, the brain may realize that the person is breathing too slowly, or that their heart rate is too low. The brain reacts by making the sympathetic nervous system kick in. Because the sympathetic nervous system has the opposite effects, it will make the person breathe faster and raise their heart rate. These two systems have to balance each other constantly for a person to stay healthy.
Control
The parasympathetic nervous system is controlled mostly by the vagus nerve. This is an important nerve that comes from the brain and goes all the way down to the bottom of the spinal cord. The vagus nerve sends out chemical messengers called neurotransmitters - mostly one called acetylcholine. This chemical causes changes in many different parts of the body.
Related pages
Autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Enteric nervous system
References
Nervous system
Louis Agassiz

Jean Louis Rodolphe Agassiz (May 28, 1807 - December 14, 1873) was a Swiss-born and European-trained biologist and geologist. His work on natural history in Europe and the Americas was important.
His reputation now is less good, because he fought against the theory of evolution, and held wrong ideas about human races. He thought the different human races were of different origins. This idea is called "polygenism". Darwin's comment at the end is interesting:
"...when the principle of evolution is generally accepted, as it surely will be before long, the dispute between the monogenists and the polygenists will die a silent and unobserved death".
After visiting Harvard University in mid-career, he emigrated to the U.S. in 1847 and became a professor of zoology and geology at Harvard. He founded its Museum of Comparative Zoology.
Agassiz made extensive contributions to ichthyology (including extinct species). He founded glaciology, the study of ice fields and ice ages.
References
Swiss biologists
American zoologists
American geologists
Space Needle

The Space Needle is a tower in Seattle, Washington. It is at the Seattle Center. The Space Needle was built for the 1962 World's Fair. During this time, almost 20,000 people used the elevators every day. Over 2.3 million visitors came to the World Fair overall. The Space Needle is high and wide. It weighs 9,550 tons. When it was completed it was the tallest building to the west of the Mississippi River. It is built not to fall in wind up to and earthquakes of up to 9.1 magnitude. This gives protection against an earthquake as powerful as the 1700 Cascadia earthquake. The tower also has 25 lightning rods on its roof to protect it against lightning.
The Space Needle has a deck at , where people can look down and look at the view around them. It also has a gift shop with a rotating SkyCity restaurant at . From the top of the Needle, the Downtown Seattle skyline, the Olympic and Cascade Mountains, Mount Rainier, Mount Baker, Elliott Bay and islands around it can be seen. Photographs of the Seattle skyline often show the Space Needle.
Visitors can reach the top of the Space Needle by using elevators. These elevators travel at . The trip to the top takes 41 seconds. Some tourists wait in hour-long lines so that they can go to the top of the tower. On windy days, the elevators are slowed down to a . The Space Needle was made a historic landmark on April 19, 1999, by the city's Landmarks Preservation Board.
Gallery
Related pages
CN Tower
References
Other websites
Official website
Buildings and structures in Seattle
1961 establishments in the United States
1960s establishments in Washington (state)
Toni Preckwinkle

Toni Preckwinkle (nee Reed; March 17, 1947) is an American politician. She is the current Cook County Board President and a former alderman in the Chicago City Council representing Chicago's 4th ward in Cook County, Illinois, United States.
She was elected on November 2, 2010, as President of the Cook County Board, the Executive Branch of Cook County government. Preckwinkle first sought office in 1983 and was defeated twice before securing election in 1991 and being re-elected as alderman four times.
On September 20, 2018, Preckwinkle announced her candidacy for Mayor of Chicago in the 2019 election to replace Rahm Emanuel. She advanced to the runoff election on April 2. She was defeated by Lightfoot by nearly 50%.
References
Other websites
Cook County Board President Toni Preckwinkle
Campaign website
Full coverage at the Chicago Tribune
1947 births
Living people
Chicago City Council members
Politicians from Saint Paul, Minnesota
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Thayer, Iowa

Thayer is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Gundremmingen

Gundremmingen is a municipality in Gunzburg in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Settlements in Gunzburg (district)
Plankinton, South Dakota

Plankinton is a city in the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is the county seat of Aurora County.
Cities in South Dakota
County seats in South Dakota
Plantation, Kentucky

Plantation is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Cities in Kentucky
Kurt Busch

Kurt Thomas Busch (born August 4, 1978) is a Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series Race car driver from Las Vegas, Nevada. He drives the No. 1 Chevrolet for Chip Ganassi Racing. Busch has raced for Roush Fenway Racing, Penske Racing, Stewart-Haas Racing and Phoenix Racing. He has won one NASCAR Sprint Cup Championship, which he won in 2004. In 2014, Busch raced in the Indianapolis 500, where he finished in sixth place. The Indianapolis 500 was Kurt Busch's first try at racing in the IndyCar Series.
References
1978 births
Living people
NASCAR drivers
American racecar drivers
Sportspeople from Las Vegas
Villy, Yonne

Villy is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Cockburn Island, Ontario

Cockburn Island is an island in the Canadian province of Ontario, found in the Manitoulin District. It has the least number of people living in it while still being a municipality of Canada. It had a population of 2 people in 2006. There is an Indian reservation, or place where Indians live, on Cockburn Island.
Settlements in Ontario
Islands of Canada
Makati

Makati, officially known as the City of Makati ( ; ), in the Philippines, is one of the sixteen cities that make up Metro Manila. Makati is the financial center of the Philippines. As the host of various embassies, it is also an important center for international affairs.
With 529,039 people, Makati is the 16th-largest city in the country and ranked as the 41st most densely populated city in the world with 19,336 inhabitants per square kilometer.
Makati became the financial center of the Philippines during the 1960s. It is home to the Philippine Stock Exchange and the Makati Business Club.
Makati is notable for its exceptionally multicultural lifestyle, as a significant center for intercontinental matters and for its reputation as a major entertainment center in the metropolis.
The city is also known for its cosmopolitan culture because of its major shopping centers, condominiums, financial hubs, hotels, and entertainment hubs, which are located around the city.
Makati first became as the financial center of the Philippines during the 1960s. The Philippine Stock Exchange and the Makati Business Club are there.
Barangays
Makati has divided into 33 barangays.
References
Other websites
Cities in the Philippines
Metro Manila
Avadi

Avadi is a residential locality. It is located in the Western part of the metropolitan city of Chennai, Tamil Nadu. it is a Special Grade Municipal Corporation of Chennai Metropolitan Area.
The neighbourhood has its own railway station, Avadi Railway Station of the Chennai Suburban Railway. The Heavy Vehicles Factory (HVF) is located in Avadi. Avadi has a lake with the same name.
Major military establishments having divisions in Avadi are the Indian Air Force, Indian Army, Heavy Vehicles Factory (HVF), EFA-Engine Factory, Avadi, Combat Vehicles Research and Development Establishment (CVRDE), Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), Indian Navy, Central Vehicle Depot (CVD), The Ordnance Depot [OD], Unfit Vehicles Park [UVP] and the Ordnance Clothing Factory (OCF).
According to the 2011 census of India, Avadi had a population of 345,996.
References
Neighbourhoods of Chennai
Flora, Mississippi

Flora is a town in Madison County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 1,886 at the 2010 census.
References
Towns in Mississippi
Jublains

Jublains is a commune of 699 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. It is an old Roman town called Noviodunum. It includes:
A well preserved theater.
A temple.
A Castellum with a museum about the town.
Terms (Roman baths).
Various other Roman things.
Communes in Mayenne
Area code 401

Area code 401 is an area code for the U.S. State of Rhode Island. It is the only area code for Rhode Island. It was one of the first area codes, created in 1947.
401
Rhode Island
Hampton, Connecticut

Hampton is a town in Connecticut. It is part of Windham County. There were 1,728 people living in Hampton in 2020.
References
Other websites
Hampton Town Hall
Towns in Connecticut
1786 establishments in the United States
Digamma

Digamma or Wau (uppercase/lowercase W w s) was an old letter of the Greek alphabet. It was used before the alphabet converted its classical standard form. It looked like a Latin "F", but it was pronounced like "w". In the 5th century BC, people stopped using it because they could no longer pronounce the sound "w" in Greek. However, they kept it as a sign for the number "6" in the system of Greek numerals. It was originally called "Wau" because of its sound. Later, when the sound was lost, it was called "Digamma", which means "double Gamma", because it looks like a Gamma (G) with two hooks. The Latin letter F was also taken over from Wau.
In mathematics, the name "digamma" is used in digamma function, which is the derivative of the logarithm of gamma function (that is, ).
References
Other websites
Perseus Project: lexicon search for words starting with or containing digamma
Greek alphabet
Gowanda, New York

Gowanda is a village in western New York, United States. It is partly in Erie County and partly in Cattaraugus County. 2,512 people lived there at the 2020 census. The name comes from the Seneca language. It means "almost surrounded by hills" or "a valley among the hills". The Cattaraugus Reservation is next to the village. The natives here are mainly Seneca people.
Native Americans of the Iroquois Confederacy used to live in the larger area of western New York. The Erie tribe and the Wenrohronon lived the closest to present-day area around Gowanda.
References
Villages in New York (state)
Ascaris

Ascaris is a genus of parasitic nematode worms known as the "giant intestinal roundworms". One species, A. suum, typically infects pigs, while another, A. lumbricoides, affects humans, typically in sub-tropical and tropical areas with poor sanitation. A. lumbricoides is the largest intestinal roundworm and is the most common worm infection of humans, an infection known as ascariasis. Infestation can cause morbidity, and sometimes death, by compromising nutritional status, affecting cognitive processes, inducing tissue reactions, such as granuloma, and provoking intestinal obstruction or rectal prolapse.
The roundworms are members of the phylum Nematoda. They are an extremely successful group; it is estimated that they represent 90% of all life on the seafloor.
References
Nematodes
Parasites
Nightgown

A nightgown or nightdress is a gown worn for sleeping. It is usually loose-fitting. There are different lengths, hip-length (called baby-doll), floor-length (called negligee) or knee-length.
Men wore them until about the 1940s when they changed to pajamas. Today, they are mostly worn by women.
Underwear
Dickin Medal

The PDSA Dickin Medal is an award for animals. It was created in the United Kingdom, by Maria Dickin, in 1943. At first, the award's goal was to honor the work of animals during World War II. The award is often called "the animals' Victoria Cross."
Maria Dickin was the creator of the People's Dispensary for Sick Animals (PDSA), a British veterinary charity. She created the award for any animal who showed "conspicuous gallantry [obvious bravery]" and devotion to its job while serving with the United Kingdom's armed forces or their allies. The Medal was awarded 54 times between 1943 and 1949 - to 32 pigeons, 18 dogs, three horses, and one cat.
The PDSA started awarding the Dickin Medal again in 2000. In that year, they honored a Newfoundland dog named Gander. The award was given posthumously - after Gander's death. During the Battle of Hong Kong in World War II, Gander had saved the lives of Canadian soldiers.
In early 2002, three dogs were awarded the Dickin Medal for their work in responding to the September 11 attacks. The PDSA also awarded the Medal to two dogs serving with the British military in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Iraq.
In December 2007, 12 animals who had received the Dickin Medal and were buried at the PDSA Animal Cemetery in Ilford, Essex, were given full military honors. This marked the end of a project to restore the cemetery, which was aided by the United Kingdom's National Lottery.
The first recipients of the Medal, in December 1943, were three pigeons. Serving with the Royal Air Force, all three helped make it possible to rescue air crew from ditched planes during the Second World War. The most recent animal to receive the Medal was Diesel, a dog who was killed while serving with the French police during the November 2015 Paris attacks. Diesel's award will be presented in a ceremony in 2016. As of December 2015, the Dickin Medal has been awarded 66 times.
Medal recipients
Pigeons
Throughout history, homing pigeons have been used to carry messages over long distances. Homing pigeons can find their way home over very long distances. Because of this special ability, homing pigeons have often been used in wars to carry messages. For example, air force flyers could carry homing pigeons in their planes. If a plane started to crash, the airmen could throw the pigeon out of the plane with a message attached to its leg saying where the plane was crashing. The pigeon would find its way back "home" - to a military base - where the message would tell the military where to look for their stranded pilots.
The United Kingdom used about 250,000 homing pigeons in World War II. Of these, 32 were awarded the Dickin Medal for carrying messages that helped save lives:
Horses
Horses have been used in wars for over 5,000 years. By World War II, they were usually not used in battle. However, they were used for scout units, and also to carry soldiers and supplies.
Dogs
Cat
See also: Famous Ship's Cats: Simon
Related pages
Homing pigeon
Police dog
Ship's cat
References
Military honors
Military animals
Sue Gardner

Sue Gardner (born May 11, 1967) is the former Canadian executive director of the Wikimedia Foundation in San Francisco from 2007 to 2014. She was the director of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's website and online news outlets. She is currently the executive director of The Markup.
Life and journalism career
Gardner grew up in Port Hope, Ontario, Canada. She is the daughter of an Anglican minister and school principal. Gardner earned a degree in journalism from Ryerson University. She began her career on Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) radio in 1990. She worked on the program As It Happens at first. Gardner worked for more than a decade as a producer, reporter and documentary-maker for CBC Radio current-affairs. She also worked for Newsworld International. Her time at Newsworld dealt mainly with pop culture and social issues.
In March 2006, she replaced Claude Galipeau as Senior Director. She was in charge of 150 people who worked on CBC.ca, the CBC website.
Wikimedia and recent work
In May 2007, Gardner left CBC. Soon after that, she started working with the Wikimedia Foundation. She helped as an advisor on how the foundation worked and how it was governed.
In December 2007, she was hired as the Foundation's Executive Director. Over the next two years, the number of employees of the foundation grew. This included the addition of a fundraising team. She also guided the foundation as it moved its office from Tampa to San Francisco.
In October 2009, the Huffington Post said Gardner was as one of ten 'media game changers of the year'. They said this because of the affect she had on new media because of her work for Wikimedia.
References
Other websites
Sue Gardner's personal blog
"Sue Gardner to lead Wikipedia" Canadian Broadcasting Company
Radio documentary by Gardner about Al Purdy, Canadian poet, for This Morning Sunday
"Wikipedia struggles with funding" , United Press International
Wikipedia's Librarian to the World Fast Company interview
Interviews
Video interview with Gardner on CNET News
Audio (RAM-file) interview with Gardner on radio station Sounds Like Canada, April 8, 2008
Interview with Gardner on the Wikipedia Weekly community podcast from Wikimania 2008
Journalism is going to look different (CanadaEast.com)
1967 births
Living people
Canadian businesspeople
Wikipedia people
Nintendo World Store

The Nintendo World Store is a specialty store that sells Nintendo video games and merchandise. It is located at 10 Rockefeller Center in New York City. It is owned by Nintendo. It opened on May 14, 2005, replacing the Pokemon Center that was there before.
The store is a two-story building. The first floor has Wii U, Nintendo 3DS, and Pokemon Black 2 and White 2 sections. The second floor has a section with Wii consoles available for anyone to play. In addition, there are also Nintendo 3DS consoles available to play in the store. Some of the things that are sold there are exclusive to the store, meaning that they can only be bought there.
The store holds special tournaments and shows for new games. Early copies of the game and prizes are given out to the winners.
References
Other websites
Official website
Buildings and structures in Manhattan
Nintendo
2005 establishments in New York (state)
Quentin Bryce

Dame Quentin Alice Louise Bryce (nee Strachan; born 23 December 1942) was the 25th Governor-General of Australia, from September 2008 to March 2014. She was the first woman to be the Governor-General. Before this she was the Governor of Queensland and she used to be a lawyer.
For her community works she was created a Dame of Grace of the Order of St John in 2003. If she were not already a Dame, she would have become a Dame of Justice when she became Prior of the Australian Priory of the Order of St John.
References
1942 births
Living people
Australian lawyers
Governors of Queensland
Governors-General of Australia
Politicians from Brisbane
Knights of Grace of the Order of St John
Order of Australia