pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Tajikistan at the 2018 Winter Paralympics

Tajikistan sent people to compete at the 2018 Winter Paralympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea. Two people will be competing in para-Nordic skiing in Tajikistan's first appearance at the Winter Paralympics. They trained in Germany and China before the start of the Games.
Team
Two people will compete at the Winter Paralympics in South Korea. They are both competing in para-Nordic skiing. Georgia, North Korea and Tajikistan are the three countries making their first appearance at Winter Paralympics.
Russian doping scandal
15 National Paralympic Committees and the International Wheelchair and Amputee Sports Federation signed a letter expressing support for the National Paralympic Committee of Russia in August 2017. The countries included Armenia, Belarus, Bulgaria, Vietnam, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, China, Laos, Moldova, Mongolia, Serbia, Tajikistan, Montenegro, and South Korea. They asked the IPC Governing Board to consider letting Russia compete at the 2018 Winter Paralympics. The letter was signed weeks before the IPC Governing Board met in Abu Dhabi. In September 2017, this decision was reviewed and upheld. The International Paralympic Committee (IPC) still had concerns about doping in Russian sport. All the conditions the IPC required of the Russians were not met.
History
Tajikistan had never competed at the Winter Paralympics before 2018. These Games are their Winter Games debut. The country has only compete at four Summer Paralympics. They were the 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016 Games. Tajikistan has three total people compete at these four Games. They never won a medal.
The country did not send any competitors to the 2018 Winter Olympics. They had competed at every Winter Games since 2002. No one competed in qualifying competitions for the Olympics.
Para-Nordic skiing
Tajikistan has a skier competing in para-Nordic skiing. They trained in Germany and China before the start of the Games.
Schedule and results
On 12 March, the 15 km race takes place, with standing and vision impaired women starting at 10:00 PM. Thee sprint classic qualification takes place on 14 March from 10:00 AM - 11:25 AM for both men and women in all classes. It is followed in the afternoon by the semifinals and finals. The classic race takes place on 17 March. The standing and visually impaired women's race takes place from 10:00 AM - 12:30.
References
Nations at the 2018 Winter Paralympics
Sport in Tajikistan
Biscuit (bread)

In North America, biscuits are small breads. Like other quick breads, they are made with chemical leveaners like baking powder. It is similar to a scone, but it is not eaten with some sweet sides like honey or jam.
Biscuits also contain a lot of vitamins such as, calcium, iron, thiamine, riboflavin, and much more that helps to meet daily vitamins that we need.
References
Breads
Horsforth

Horsforth is a town and civil parish within the City of Leeds, in West Yorkshire, England, lying about five miles north-west of Leeds city centre. Historically within the West Riding of Yorkshire, it has a population of 18,895 according to the 2011 Census.[1] Horsforth was considered to have the largest population of any village in the United Kingdom during the latter part of the 19th century. It became part of the City of Leeds metropolitan borough in 1974. In 1999 the community created a civil parish to cover the area, which voted to rename itself a town council. The area sits within the Horsforth ward of Leeds City Council, which also includes the southern part of Rawdon.
Towns in West Yorkshire
Enguinegatte

Enguinegatte is a former commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Enquin-lez-Guinegatte.
References
Former communes in Pas-de-Calais
Solubility

Solubility is the ability of a substance (the solute), to mix into a liquid (the solvent).
It measures the highest amount of substance mixed into a liquid solvent while they are both at equal amounts.
When the two mix together it is called a saturated solution. Certain substances can mix into any amount of a liquid solvent. An example of this is ethanol in water. This process is better described as "miscible" (the ability to mix with one another). Solubility does not depend on the size, in fact even the large particles will eventually all dissolve.
A solute is a substance that is dissolving in a solvent and is the smaller part of the solution. A solvent is the bigger part of a solution and is the substance that the solute dissolves in.
Other websites
ALOGPS interactive calculation of aqueous solubility of compounds at Virtual Computational Chemistry Laboratory using several algorithms
QUANTUM web based calculation of aqueous and DMSO solubility of compounds QUANTUM web based prediction of aqueous and DMSO solubility of compounds
ACD/Solubility DB aqueous solubility prediction
References
Chemistry
Farmingdale, Maine

Farmingdale is a town in Kennebec County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Lar, Iran

Lar (, also Romanized as Lar; also known as Larestan) is a city and capital of Larestan County, Fars Province, Iran.
References
Cities in Iran
Fars Province
Catholic Archdiocese of Boston sex abuse scandal

The Catholic Archdiocese of Boston sex abuse scandal was part of many cases of Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in the United States that revealed many crimes in the American Roman Catholic Church.
In early 2002, The Boston Globe published results of an investigation that led to the criminal prosecutions of five Roman Catholic priests and pushed the sexual abuse of minors by Catholic clergy into the national spotlight.
Another accused priest who was involved in the Spotlight scandal also pleaded guilty. The Globe's coverage encouraged other victims to come forward with allegations of abuse, resulting in numerous lawsuits and more criminal cases.
Later investigations and allegations revealed a pattern of sexual abuse and cover-ups in a number of large dioceses across the United States.
The investigation of the scandal by The Boston Globe was titled "Spotlight Investigation: Abuse in the Catholic Church". Its reporting was made into a movie in 2015, which won two Academy Awards including Best Picture.
References
2002 in the United States
21st century in Boston
Roman Catholicism
Scandals
Child sexual abuse
Temotu Pele constituency

Temotu Pele is a constituency of the Solomon Islands. It is in the Temotu Province.
Election results
References
Solomon Islands parliamentary constituencies
102 Dalmatians

102 Dalmatians (known as 102 in Japan) is a 2000 live-action movie produced by The Walt Disney Company with Glenn Close acting as the protagonist, Cruella de Vil. It is a sequel to the 1996 movie 101 Dalmatians, which was a live-action remake of the 1961 Disney animated movie 101 Dalmatians. In the movie, Cruella de Vil attempts to steal puppies for her making a fur coat. Glenn Close and Tim McInnerny were the only actors from 101 Dalmatians to return for this sequel. The film was released on VHS and DVD on April 3, 2001, and re-released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on September 16, 2008.
The story
After a spot of therapy Cruella De Vil is released from prison a changed woman. Devoted to dogs and good causes, she is delighted that Chloe, her parole officer, has a dalmatian family and connections with a dog charity. But the sound of Big Ben can reverse the treatment so it is only a matter of time before Ms De Vil is back to her incredibly ghastly ways, using her new-found connections with Chloe and friends.
Cast
Box office
The movie did well at the box office, earning $66,957,026 in the US and $116,654,745 in other countries, bringing its total to $183,611,771 worldwide. This is less than the first movie which earned $320,689,294 worldwide.
Sets
The Oxford prison was used for the scene as Cruella walked out of prison. This motion picture was filmed partially in Paris.
Video game
A video game based on the movie was released, with Frankie Muniz as the voice of Domino.
References
Other websites
Official website
2000 comedy movies
Disney movies
2000s English-language movies
American sequel movies
101 Dalmatians
Movies about dogs
American comedy movies
Torrington, Wyoming

Torrington is a city in and the county seat of Goshen County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 6,501 at the 2010 census.
References
Cities in Wyoming
County seats in Wyoming
The end justifies the means

The end justifies the means is a para-phrase of Niccolo Machiavelli. It means that if a goal is morally important enough, any method of getting it is acceptable.
The idea is ancient, but it was not meant to justify unnecessary cruelty. It was part of a political philosophy called consequentialism. The basic idea is that a policy can be judged by its outcome. All modern versions of consequentialism have to deal with the limitations necessary to prevent tyrants abusing this idea.
Phrases
Political philosophy
Ethics
Li Rui (politician)

Li Rui (; 13 April 1917 - 16 February 2019) was a Chinese politician. He was a member of the Communist Party of China. He was also a writer and supporter of democratic reform in China. He was born in Beijing.
In the mid-1950s, Li was briefly one of Mao Zedong's secretaries. His criticisms of Great Leap Forward, and support for Peng Dehuai, led to his exile. He briefly worked with the West German government.
He was a vice minister of the Ministry of Water Conservation.
Li turned 100 in April 2017. He died on 16 February 2019 in Beijing from multiple organ failure at the age of 101.
References
Other websites
lirui.org.cn - Li Rui discussion board (in Chinese)
1917 births
2019 deaths
Chinese communists
Chinese centenarians
Politicians from Beijing
Respirator

A respirator is a kind of mask that is used to protect someone from breathing in dusts, fumes, or gases that might hurt them. Respirators come in many types and sizes. They are used by the military and industrial workers.
Related pages
Fume hood
Gas mask
Protective clothing
Headgear
The Castle Tour

The Castle Tour is a 1986 Swedish television film directed by Claes Eriksson and Lars Gustavsson and the second film to star the members of Galenskaparna och After Shave.
Plot
Some tourists are shown around an old castle (Tjoloholm Castle) by a guide (Peter Rangmar), who speaks a homemade version of English that cannot be understood, not knowing the tourists are Swedish. For example, the guide calls the upper class "Bimbodocksockers". During the tour, the group comes upon various events, which the guide does not know is happening.
Cast
Peter Rangmar - The guide to the castle
Jan Rippe - Tourist with a candy bag
Kerstin Granlund - Tourist
Per Fritzell - A tourist with an interest in the woman (Kerstin Granlund)
Anders Eriksson - The tourist with survival equipment
Claes Eriksson - Tourist with a camera
Knut Agnred - Tourist with his son (Erik Wingquist)
Erik Wingquist - Young guy
Marianne Ostlund - clerk
Barbro Appelgren - maid
Other websites
The Castle Tour | Kulturtuben
Swedish movies
1986 movies
Albagiara

Albagiara (Ollasta) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 263 people lived there. Its area is 8.87 km2. It is 215 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Kenneth Waltz

Kenneth Waltz (1924-2013) is an American political scientist. He created Neorealism in international relations (IR). He received his MA and PhD in political science from Columbia University in 1950 and 1954, respectively. He taught at Columbia University and the University of California, Berkeley. His book International Political Theory (1979) is one of the most influential and highly cited works in IR.
References
Tomorrow Never Dies

Tomorrow Never Dies is a 1997 British spy action movie directed by Roger Spottiswoode and is the 18th movie in the James Bond franchise. It stars Pierce Brosnan, Jonathan Pryce, Michelle Yeoh, Teri Hatcher, Joe Don Baker, Judi Dench and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Other websites
1997 action movies
1990s spy movies
James Bond movies
Movies set in Germany
Movies set in Vietnam
Movies directed by Roger Spottiswoode
Drone movies
Swag

Swag or SWAG may refer to:
Swag (album), an album from 2002 by former Guns N' Roses guitarist, Gilby Clarke
Swag (bedroll), an Australian bedroll
Swag (motif), a garland
Swag (novel), a crime novel from 1976
Swag (TV series), a British reality television series
"Swag" (Ugly Betty episode), the eleventh episode of the television series Ugly Betty
Swag, a type of window valance, often in combination with a full curtain underneath
Swag as slang:
Swag, slang from the early 1800s for stolen goods or booty; possibly carried by a swagman
Swag, slang from the Scottish slang word "swagger" which was a description of the way some Scots walk (in a swaying motion). The word was altered in the English language to mean "the way one presents oneself".
Swag, promotional items given away at trade fairs and events
The Swag, a magazine published quarterly for Catholic priests and deacons of Australia
Swaging, a process in which the dimensions of an item are altered using a die.
SWAG, Sourceware Archive Group, a free collection of classified source code and sample programs written in Pascal.
SWAG, music of the musical group Bonde da Stronda
SWAG, Special Warfare Group, an elite unit of the Naval Special Warfare Group of the Philippine Navy
Scientific Wild-Ass Guess, slang for a rough estimate based on expert experience
Related pages
Company (military unit)

A company is a military unit which usually has from 80 to 250 soldiers. A company is usually led by a captain or a major. Most companies are made up of from three to six platoons, although the exact number may vary by country and type of unit (infantry, armor, etc.). Several companies are grouped to form a battalion or regiment. In the United States military, before the September 11 attacks, companies trained in conventional warfare for basic offensive and defensive operations. Since then companies have had to train for a much wider variety of tasks. These may include humanitarian aid missions, providing security and maintaining order in an area. Different elements in an army may assign different tasks or have different names for a company. For example, a corps of engineering such as the Royal Engineers use the term squadron for a company. In artillery units (as well as some other examples), the name "company" may be replaced by the name "battery".
References
Military terminology
The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom

The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom is a 2023 action-adventure game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Switch. The sequel to The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild (2017), Tears of the Kingdom keeps aspects including the open world of Hyrule, which has been expanded to allow for more vertical exploration. The player controls Link as he searches for Princess Zelda and fights to stop the Demon King from destroying the world.
Upon release, the game received critical acclaim for its improvements, expanded open world, and features encouraging exploration and experimentation. It sold more than 10 million copies in its first three days of release and over 18.51 million copies by June 2023, making it one of the best-selling games on the Nintendo Switch.
References
Notes
The Legend of Zelda games
2023 video games
Nintendo Switch games
Nintendo Switch-only games
Core (Stone Temple Pilots album)

Core is the first album by the American rock band Stone Temple Pilots. It was released on September 29, 1992 through Atlantic Records. The album made #1 on the Billboard Heatseekers chart and #3 on the Billboard 200. It was the band's best-selling album.
Track listing
All lyrics written by Scott Weiland, except where noted.
Charts
References
1992 albums
Transavia

Transavia is a Dutch and French low-cost carrier. It is currently owned by Air France-KLM. It began on January 3, 1966. It was the third airline founded in the Netherlands. The first scheduled flight happened on October 26, 1986. It has scheduled (planned) and charter (irregular) flights to many destinations in Europe.
Gallery
References
Low-cost airlines
1966 establishments in Europe
1960s establishments in the Netherlands
1960s establishments in France
Airlines of France
Lake Providence, Louisiana

Lake Providence is a town in the U.S. state of Louisiana. It is the parish seat of East Carroll Parish.
Parish seats in Louisiana
Towns in Louisiana
East Carroll Parish, Louisiana
Günther Maleuda

Gunther Maleuda (20 January 1931 - 18 July 2012) was an East German politician. From 1989 to 1990 he was the President of the People's Chamber (East German Parliament). In 1994 he was elected as a (non-party) member of the Bundestag (German Parliament) on the PDS list. He stayed a member until 1998.
References
1931 births
2012 deaths
German politicians
Örserum

Orserum is a locality in Jonkoping Municipality in Jonkoping County in Sweden. In 2010, 322 people were living there.
References
Settlements in Jonkoping County
Purificación Santamarta Bravo

Purificacion Santamarta Bravo (born May 25, 1962 in Burgos) is a track and field athlete from Spain. She has a disability: She is blind and a T11/B1 type athlete. She raced at the 1996 Summer Paralympics. She finished first in the 400 meter T11 race, in the 200 meter T11 race and in the 100 meter T11 race. She raced at the 2000 Summer Paralympics. She finished first in the 400 meter T11 race. She finished second in the 100 meter T11 race. She raced at the 2004 Summer Paralympics. She finished third in the 200 meter T11 race.
References
Spanish sprinters
Living people
1962 births
Spanish Paralympic gold medalists
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
1996 Summer Paralympics
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type T11
Sportspeople with disabilities, type B1
Castile and Leon
Robert M. Utley

Robert Marshall Utley (October 31, 1929 - June 7, 2022) was an American writer and historian. He wrote sixteen books on the history of the American West. He was a chief historian for the National Park Service.
Utley died on June 7, 2022 in Scottsdale, Arizona at the age of 92.
References
1929 births
2022 deaths
American historians
Writers from Arkansas
Saint-Étienne-de-Fontbellon

Saint-Etienne-de-Fontbellon is a commune in the Ardeche departement in southern France.
Communes in Ardeche
Erling Haaland

Erling Braut Haaland (ne Haland; born 21 July 2000) is a Norwegian professional footballer. He plays as a striker for Premier League club Manchester City and the Norway national team.
Haaland was born in Leeds, England. His father, Alf-Inge Haland, was a Norwegian international who played as a defender and midfielder. He started his career at his hometown club Bryne in 2016. He moved to Molde in 2017 where he spent two years. In January 2019, Austrian club Red Bull Salzburg signed him on a five-year contract. In the 2019-20 UEFA Champions League, he became the first teenager to score in five straight Champions League matches and the second teenager to score 10 goals in the competition. He won the Austrian Bundesliga twice and the Austrian Cup once with Salzburg. In December 2019, Haaland joined Borussia Dortmund for a fee reported in the region of EUR20 million.
Honours
Red Bull Salzburg
Austrian Football Bundesliga: 2018-19, 2019-20
Austrian Cup: 2018-19
Borussia Dortmund
DFB-Pokal: 2020-21
References
Other websites
2000 births
Living people
Borussia Dortmund squad
Norwegian footballers
Sportspeople from Leeds
FC Red Bull Salzburg players
Association football forwards
English footballers
Borussia Dortmund players
Doug Cowie (footballer)

Douglas Cowie (1 May 1926 - 26 November 2021) was a Scottish footballer. He played for Dundee, Greenock Morton and the Scotland national team. He made 20 appearances on the national team between 1953 until 1958.
Cowie died on 26 November 2021, at the age of 95.
References
1926 births
2021 deaths
Footballers from Aberdeen
Levite

A Levite or Levi (Hebrew language: leviy) is a Jewish male descended from the Tribe of Levi on the father's side.
The Levites of the Book of Leviticus were priests. In that book and the Book of Numbers they help Moses make prayers to God in the tabernacle (a holy tent).
References
Jewish people
Scott Island

Scott Island is a small island in the Ross Sea, Southern Ocean. No people live here. It covers an area of 0.04km2 with an 63m high. In 1902, William Colbeck found this island. New Zealand claims to be their island.
Islands
Grugies

Grugies is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Sankagiri

Sankagiri or Sangagiri () is a panchayat town. It is in the Salem district of Tamil Nadu. It is on the National highway 47.
History
Sankagiri Fort is a historical fort. It is maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India. Sankagiri Fort was built in the 15th century. It was built by the Vijayanagar empire. It has 14 fort walls built on and around a hill. The last phase of these walls were built by the British.
Other websites
Towns in Tamil Nadu
Salem district
My Japanese Niece

My Japanese Niece (, ) is a 2015 Japanese-Meitei movie. It was directed by Mohen Naorem. It stars Junichi Kajioka and Yu Asada in lead roles.
The movie has three major roles; the Japanese soldier (played by Junichi Kajioka), the Japanese niece named Asada (played by actress Yu Asada) and the adopted daughter.
The movie featured 100 soldiers from the Royal Thai Army, who took the roles of the Japanese soldiers of the WWII.
Plot
Asada, a young Japanese lady, comes to Manipur to pay homage to her dead uncle. Her uncle died in the battle in 1944. In Manipur, she had a dream. In her dream, her uncle asked her to go to a village. But Asada discovered that a man who looked like her uncle had died a few months back. Asada decided to find out the truth. She discovered about the trials and problems faced by the Japanese soldiers in India. She also discovered many unpublished letters and diaries. Her findings helped her a lot to search for the truth.
Cast
Junichi Kajioka
Yu Asada
Shunsaku Kudo
Tomoko Hayakawa
Bala Hijam
Gokul Athokpam
Abenao Elangbam
Kaiku Rajkumar
Bijou Thaangjam
Randy Brown
Wungthingchon Raihing Shimray
Production
"My Japanese Niece" looked into a Japanese army's life after the battle.
Director Mohen Naorem was inspired by an earthquake that hit Japan in the year 2011. During the earthquake, the Japanese army played an important role in helping the victims. He believed that the movie will expose the humanitarianism of the soldiers in the battle of 1944.
The shooting of the movie was done in Bangkok (Thailand), Tokyo (Japan), Manipur (India) and some places of the Indo-Myanmar border.
References
Other websites
Japanese-Meitei culture
Japanese pronouns

The Japanese language has a complicated system of pronouns that is based on things like the speaker's gender, relationship to the listener(s), rank in the speaker's group, how polite the speaker is trying to be, and several other things. Since there are so many different pronouns for each person (first, second, and third), and so few that can be appropriately used in every situation, many people say that Japanese lacks true pronouns.
According to the Japanese language blog Tofugu, Japanese has more first-person pronouns than any other language. To give examples of the complexity of Japanese pronouns, watashi could be considered the normal polite way of calling yourself if you are unsure of what to call yourself, but if you are male, you could call yourself boku or ore if you are with friends or family, but you should call yourself watakushi if you are talking to your boss or in a formal situation. If you are female, it is normal to call yourself watashi even in casual situations, although you can also call yourself atashi or uchi. The most common plural first-person pronoun is watashi-tachi, but in formal situations you can call yourselves ware-ware (which is also sometimes used to describe "the people [of Japan]). This does not describe every first-person pronoun, but this explanation is written to give the reader an idea.
Since most Japanese see the second-person (e.g. "you") pronoun as very intimate, second-person is usually avoided and the second-person is talked to using a third-person (e.g. "he/she/it/they") pronoun instead.
References
Pronouns
Pronouns
Haveli taluka

Taluka Haveli is part of the Pune District of Maharashtra, India.
References
Settlements in Maharashtra
Buffy the Vampire Slayer (movie)

Buffy the Vampire Slayer is a 1992 American action/comedy fantasy movie about a cheerleader (Kristy Swanson) chosen by fate to fight and kill vampires. The movie is a light parody. It goes against the cliches of horror movies. The movie led to a darker and much more popular TV series of the same name. The television series starred Sarah Michelle Gellar and was created and produced by screenwriter Joss Whedon. Whedon often said how the television series was more like his vision than the movie. When the movie was first released, it was moderately successful and received mixed reviews from critics.
Related pages
Buffy the Vampire Slayer
References
Other websites
1992 comedy movies
1992 action movies
1992 fantasy movies
1990s American action movies
1990s American fantasy movies
American teen comedy movies
1990s English-language movies
Movies set in Los Angeles
Screenplays by Joss Whedon
Whedonverse
20th Century Fox movies
Memrise

Memrise is a free online language-learning website. It uses flashcards with mnemonics to teach. Users are tested by multiple choice and type-in tests. Memrise was founded by Ed Cooke and Greg Detre. Memrise is headquartered in England.
Memrise uses what's called "elaborate encoding" to help users remember different concepts.
References
Educational websites
Communauté d'agglomération d'Agen

The Communaute d'agglomeration d'Agen is an administrative entity in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine, in southern France. Administrative center: Agen. It was formed in January 2013 by the merger of the communaute d'agglomeration d'Agen and the communaute de communes du canton de Laplume-en-Bruilhois, and was also joined by the commune Pont-du-Casse.
It covers 31 communes, and has a population of approximately 99,000. It is the largest such communaute in Lot-et-Garonne.
Communes
The 31 communes:
Agen
Astaffort
Aubiac
Bajamont
Boe
Bon-Encontre
Brax
Castelculier
Caudecoste
Colayrac-Saint-Cirq
Cuq
Estillac
Fals
Foulayronnes
Lafox
Laplume
Layrac
Marmont-Pachas
Moirax
Le Passage
Pont-du-Casse
Roquefort
Saint-Caprais-de-Lerm
Sainte-Colombe-en-Bruilhois
Saint-Hilaire-de-Lusignan
Saint-Nicolas-de-la-Balerme
Saint-Pierre-de-Clairac
Saint-Sixte
Sauvagnas
Sauveterre-Saint-Denis
Serignac-sur-Garonne
References
Other websites
(in French)
Agen
Lot-et-Garonne
Man Facing Southeast

Man Facing Southeast () is a 1986 Argentine science fiction drama movie directed by Eliseo Subiela and starring Lorenzo Quinteros, Hugo Soto, Ines Vernengo.
Other websites
1986 drama movies
1986 science fiction movies
Argentine drama movies
Argentine science fiction movies
Movies directed by Eliseo Subiela
Movies about psychiatry
Cross River State

Cross River is one of the 36 states of Nigeria. The capital is Calabar.
States of Nigeria
Kepler-62e

Kepler-62e is a super-Earth exoplanet that circles in the habitable zone around the star Kepler-62. It is over 1,200 light years away in the direction of the Lyra constellation. It was discovered by the Kepler Space Observatory in 2013.
The planet is about 160% as large as Earth, and almost 450% as heavy. This makes it a super-Earth. Kepler-62e is in the habitable zone, the zone around a star where the temperatures on a planet can support liquid water. It is a possible ocean world, and may have cloudy skies and may be warm and humid.
References
Exoplanets
Letters patent

Letters patent (always in the plural) are a type of legal instrument in the form of a published written order issued by a monarch, or government. They are generally used in granting an office, right, monopoly, title, or status to a person or corporation. Letters patent can be used for the creation of corporations or government offices. They may be used for the granting of city status or a coat of arms. Letters patent are issued for the appointment of representatives of the Crown, such as Governors and Governors-General of Commonwealth realms. In the United Kingdom they are also issued for the creation of peers of the realm. A particular form of letters patent has evolved into the modern patent (referred to as a utility patent or design patent in United States patent law). This grants exclusive rights of an invention (or a design in the case of a design patent). In this case it is essential that the written grant should be in the form of a public document so other inventors can consult it to avoid infringement. It is also important to understand how to "practice" the invention or put it into practical use.
The opposite of letters patent are letters close. These are personal in nature and sealed so that only the recipient can read their contents. Letters patent are comparable to other kinds of open letters in that their audience is wide.
References
Legal terms
Law
Immersion (mathematics)

In differential geometry, an immersion is a function that maps one manifold into another. Immersions are only possible if the manifolds have certain properties.
Differential geometry
Carcès

Carces is a commune of 3,414 people (2018). It is in Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France.
References
Communes in Var
Electoral district of Colton

Colton is an electoral district of South Australia. It was created in 1993.
Colton is in Adelaide.
Election results
References
Colton
Frans van der Lugt

Franciscus Joseph Wilhelmus "Frans" van der Lugt (10 April 1938 - 7 April 2014), also known as Peter Frans, was a Dutch psychotherapist and later Jesuit priest. He left the Netherlands for the Middle East in the 1960s where he joined the Jesuits. He studied Arabic for two years in Lebanon. In 1966, he went to Syria, where he lived for nearly fifty years. He gained international fame at the beginning of 2014 when he made a number of YouTube videos asking the international community for help for the citizens of Homs. He was born in The Hague, South Holland.
Frans van der Lugt was shot dead by extremists from Al-Nusra Front on 7 April 2014 in Homs. He was 75 years old.
References
Other websites
Frans van der Lugt biography
1938 births
2014 deaths
Dutch Roman Catholics
Jesuits
Murders by firearm
People from The Hague
Roman Catholic priests
Civil rights

Civil rights are rights that all people in a country have. The civil rights of a country apply to all the citizens within its borders. These rights are given by the laws of the country. Civil rights are sometimes thought to be the same as natural rights.
In many countries civil rights include freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, and freedom of assembly. Civil rights also include the right to own property and the right to get fair and equal treatment from the government, from other citizens, and from private groups. They may prevent against discrimination based on race, sexual orientation, gender, gender identity and disability.
Civil rights are protected by law and custom. The constitutions of many democracies have a "Bill of Rights" that describes the people's liberties and rights. A well-known example is the United States Bill of Rights.
A court of law decides if a person's civil rights have been violated. The courts also decide the limits of civil rights, so that people do not use their freedoms to take away the rights of other people.
Related pages
Civil and political rights
Constitutional economics
Economic, social and cultural rights
Political economy
Human rights
Natural rights
Rule of law
Second-class citizen
Women's rights
Minority rights
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
Jason Doig

Jason Nicholas Doig (born January 29, 1977) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who played in the National Hockey League with the Winnipeg Jets, Phoenix Coyotes, New York Rangers and the Washington Capitals.
Championships and medals
1993 Under-17 World Hockey Challenge, Team Quebec - Gold Medal
1994 Under-18 Copa Mexico, Team Canada - Gold Medal
1996 QMJHL President's Cup, Granby Predators
1996 Memorial Cup Championship, Granby Predators
1997 Under-20 World Junior Championship, Team Canada - Gold Medal
2000 Calder Cup, Hartford Wolfpack
2007 Spengler Cup, Team Canada - Silver Medal
Honors and awards
Under-17 MVP (1993)
QMJHL All-Rookie Team (1994)
Guy Lafleur Trophy (1996)
Memorial Cup All-Star Team (1996)
QMJHL All-Star Team (1997)
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
International
References
Other websites
1977 births
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Granby Predateurs players
Ice hockey people from Quebec
Living people
Memorial Cup winners
New York Rangers players
Phoenix Coyotes players
Saint-Jean Lynx players
Sportspeople from Montreal
Washington Capitals players
Siegfried Lenz

Siegfried Lenz (17 March 1926 - 7 October 2014) was a German writer. He has written novels and produced several collections of short stories, essays, and plays for radio and the theatre. He was awarded the Goethe Prize.
References
Other websites
1926 births
2014 deaths
Writers from Hamburg
Alburnoides gmelini

Alburnoides gmelini, commonly called the Dagestan spirlin, is a type of freshwater fish that lives in Russia.
References
Freshwater fish
Cypriniformes
Kassie DePaiva

Katherine Virginia "Kassie" DePaiva (nee Wesley; born March 21, 1961) is an American actress and singer-songwriter. She is best known for her role as Bobby Joe in the horror movie Evil Dead II (1987). She is also known for her role of Blair Cramer on ABC's One Life to Live. Other roles included Chelsea Reardon on Guiding Light, and her current role as Eve Donovan on NBC's Days of Our Lives.
DePaiva was born in Morganfield, Kentucky. In August 2016, DePaiva announced she had been diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia.
References
Other websites
The Kassie DePaiva Page
1961 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
American singer-songwriters
American video game actors
Writers from Kentucky
Actors from Kentucky
Singers from Kentucky
John Forester (cyclist)

John Forester (October 7, 1929 - April 14, 2020) was an American industrial engineer. He was known for his works in bicycle transportation engineering.
He was a known cycling activist and as "the father of vehicular cycling", for creating the Effective Cycling program of bicycle training.
References
1929 births
2020 deaths
Engineers from California
American activists
Writers from London
Writers from San Diego, California
American industrial engineers
Single person

A person is called single if he or she is not married, not in a civil union, and not in a sexual or romantic relationship. In a more general sense, the word also means that person currently has no exclusive partner, like a boyfriend or girlfriend. Such people can be classified into different types:
People who choose to live alone. This includes hermits and shamans. The Catholic Church does not want that their priests marry. There are also some restrictions in the Orthodox church. Nuns and monks are also not allowed to marry. Such singles are often part of a religious order or community.
People who live alone because of social norms. This was especially true for children who were born outside a marriage, in the Middle Ages.
People who have not yet found their partner. Some people actively search for a mate, others simply wait until the right person comes along.
People whose partner died, or who are divorced.
In English, male singles used to be called bachelors, female singles used to be called spinsters (or bachelorettes, more recently). In general, the word single is used more often now, because it also does not make a difference between the two sexes.
People
Albert Meyong

Albert Meyong (born 19 October 1980) is a Cameroonian football player. He plays for Braga and Cameroon national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1998/99||Ravenna||Serie B||7||2
|-
|1999/00||rowspan="6"|Vitoria FC||Portuguese Liga||9||2
|-
|2000/01||Liga Honra||22||10
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="2"|Portuguese Liga||29||3
|-
|2002/03||24||7
|-
|2003/04||Liga Honra||33||20
|-
|2004/05||Portuguese Liga||33||11
|-
|2005/06||Os Belenenses||Portuguese Liga||26||17
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Levante||rowspan="2"|La Liga||11||1
|-
|2007/08||1||0
|-
|2007/08||Albacete Balompie||Segunda Division||13||0
|-
|2007/08||Os Belenenses||Portuguese Liga||1||1
|-
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Braga||rowspan="2"|Portuguese Liga||19||8
|-
|2009/10||||
7||2
196||79
25||1
228||82
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2004||1||0
|-
|2005||1||0
|-
|2006||4||2
|-
|2007||0||0
|-
|2008||3||2
|-
|2009||3||0
|-
!Total||12||4
|}
References
1980 births
Living people
Cameroonian footballers
People from Yaounde
Fluid

A fluid is a substance that can move easily and change shape such as water (liquids), or air (gases), or plasmas. They can 'flow'- flow and fluids both come from the same English word roots (Latin: fluere "to flow") and are pronounced similarly. The physics of fluids is called fluid mechanics.
Fluids usually take on the shape of their containers, in contrast to solids which maintain their own shape.
Some things are not exactly fluid and not exactly solid, such as Silly Putty. Powders are made up of small solids that appear to flow but don't actually.
Most fluids have a freezing point. At this temperature it becomes solid.
Related pages
Superfluidity
Basic physics ideas
Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia

Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia is the highest religious authority in the country. The king himself appointed one to the post. The ex-officio Grand Mufti became a permanent member of the Standing Committee on Ilmi Research and Fatwas.
Introduction
Grand mufti is the most powerful religious authority in Saudi Arabia . His main job is to issue fatwas on various legal and social issues. The court system in Saudi Arabia is greatly influenced by his fatwa.
List of responsible persons
Muhammad ibn Ibrahim Al ash-Sheikh 1953-1969
Position abolished 1969-1993
Abdul Aziz bin Abdullah bin Baz 1993-1999
Abdul-Aziz ibn Abdullah Al ash-Sheikh 1999-present
References
Taxicab number

A taxicab number is the name given by mathematicians to a sequence of special numbers: 2, 1729 etc. A taxicab number is the smallest number that can be expressed as the sum of two positive cubes in n distinct ways. It has nothing to do with taxis, but the name comes from a well-known conversation that took place between two famous mathematicians: Godfrey Hardy and Srinivasa Ramanujan.
The story about Godfrey Hardy's taxi
Godfrey Hardy was a professor of mathematics at Cambridge University. One day he went to visit a friend, the brilliant young Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan, who was ill. Both men were mathematicians and liked to think about numbers.
When Ramanujan heard that Hardy had come in a taxi he asked him what the number of the taxi was. Hardy said that it was just a boring number: 1729. Ramanujan replied that 1729 was not a boring number at all: it was a very interesting one. He explained that it was the smallest number that could be expressed by the sum of two cubes in two different ways.
This story is very famous among mathematicians. 1729 is sometimes called the "Hardy-Ramanujan number".
Explanation of the Hardy-Ramanujan's number
When a particular number is multiplied by itself the answer is called a "square", e.g. 3x3=9, so the number 9 is a square.
When a particular number is multiplied thrice by itself the answer is called a "cube", e.g. 3x3x3=27, so the number 27 is a cube.
Another example of a cube is 8, because it is 2x2x2.
27+8=35, so 35 is the "sum of two cubes" ("sum" in this sense means "numbers that are added together").
There are two ways to say that 1729 is the sum of two cubes.
1x1x1=1; 12x12x12=1728. So 1+1728=1729
But also: 9x9x9=729; 10x10x10=1000. So 729+1000=1729
There are other numbers that can be shown to be the sum of two cubes in more than one way, but 1729 is the smallest of them.
Known taxicab numbers
Since the famous conversation between Hardy and Ramanujan, mathematicians have tried to find other interesting numbers that are the smallest number that can be expressed by the sum of two cubes in three/four/five etc. different ways. These numbers are very, very big, and have been found by computers.
So far, the following six taxicab numbers are known :
Number theory
Aquitani

The Aquitani were ancient people that lived in the region between the Pyrenees, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Garonne, in modern-day Aquitaine, France.
References
Ethnic groups in Europe
Verne Troyer

Verne Jay Troyer (January 1, 1969 - April 21, 2018) was an American actor, director, stuntman, voice artist, and comedian. He was tall. He was best known for playing Mini-Me in the Austin Powers movies. Troyer also guest-hosted WWE Raw on November 30, 2009.
On April 21, 2018, Troyer died in Los Angeles, California while being hospitalized with alcoholism complications and a failed suicide attempt. His manner of death was ruled as suicide. His cause of death was alcohol poisoning.
References
Other websites
Verne Troyer's Official website
1969 births
2018 deaths
Drug-related suicides in the United States
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Michigan
Participants in American reality television series
People with dwarfism
Ploéven

Ploeven () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistere department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Finistere
Chaat

Chaat (Hindi/Nepali: caatt, Urdu/Punjabi: ) is a term describing good snacks. Chaat is most likely to be found at road-side tracks from food carts in India, Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh. Chaat is made of fried dough, which can be filled with different ingredients. Chaat commonly contains pieces of potato, chickpeas, and spices.
References
Snack foods
Valéria de Oliveira

Valeria de Oliveira is a retired handball player from Brazil. Oliveira competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics. She was born on 2 July 1974.
References
Other websites
1974 births
Living people
Brazilian handball players
Brazilian Olympians
Woods Cross, Utah

Woods Cross is a city in Davis County, Utah, United States.
Cities in Utah
Galaxy Science Fiction

Galaxy Science Fiction was an American science fiction magazine. It was published from 1950 to 1980.
Editors and authors
H. L. Gold was the first editor. He made Galaxy the leading science fiction magazine of its time. He published stories about social issues, not just technology. Gold published many well-known and important stories, including: Robert A. Heinlein's The Puppet Masters and Alfred Bester's The Demolished Man. He also published Ray Bradbury's "The Fireman", which later became the novel Fahrenheit 451.
By the late 1950s, Frederik Pohl was helping Gold with the magazine. When Gold became ill, Pohl became editor. He started officially at the end of 1961, but had been doing most of the editing for a while. Galaxy continued to be successful. Pohl often published fiction by important writers such as Cordwainer Smith, Jack Vance, Harlan Ellison, and Robert Silverberg. However, Pohl never won the annual Hugo Award for his work at Galaxy. He did win three Hugos for another magazine, If. In 1969, Galaxy was sold to Universal Publishing and Distribution Corporation (UPD) and Pohl quit. Later editors included Ejler Jakobsson and James Baen.
American magazines
Science fiction
Birmingham, Alabama

Birmingham is the third most populous city in the U.S. state of Alabama, with about 197,500 people living in it. It is the county seat of Jefferson County. Its metropolitan area is the biggest in Alabama with more than 1.1 million people living in it. The city has an area of about and an elevation of above sea level.
History
Birmingham was founded in 1871. Three smaller towns came together to make one, which grew into a large town. It was named after Birmingham, England, a British industrial city. The Alabama city is famous for its iron ore, coal, and limestone, which were used in the town's steel mills.
Birmingham Sunday
Birmingham became famous around the world when a bomb exploded in the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church on Sunday September 15, 1963. Four young black girls were killed. A member of the Ku Klux Klan was charged for the bombing many years later. Richard Farina wrote a sad song called "Birmingham Sunday" in 1964 to the tune of "I Love A Lass". It has been recorded by several singers, including Joan Baez.
References
County seats in Alabama
1871 establishments in the United States
1870s establishments in Alabama
Ashland, Kansas

Ashland is the biggest city in Clark County, Kansas, United States. It is also the county seat of Clark County. In 2010, 867 people lived there.
History
Ashland is along what was once a military road. That road went from Fort Dodge (now Dodge City, Kansas) to the north and Fort Supply in the Indian Territory to the south. In 1870, during the Comanche Campaign against the Native Americans, the Army built two redoubts along the Dodge/Supply trail near the current place of Ashland: the Bear Creek Redoubt, five miles to the north, and the Cimarron Redoubt, nine miles to the south.
Anthony was created in 1884. It was named after the city of Ashland, Kentucky. The first post office in Ashland was created in 1885.
Geography
The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.
Weather
People
2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 867 people, 381 households, and 239 families living in Ashland.
Education
Ashland is served by USD 220 school district.
Famous people
Ronald Johnson, (1935-1998), American poet.
Wes Santee, (1932-2010), American middle distance runner
References
Other websites
City
City of Ashland
Ashland - Directory of Public Officials
Schools
USD 220, local school district
Maps
Ashland City Map, KDOT
Cities in Kansas
County seats in Kansas
1884 establishments in Kansas
1961 AFC Youth Championship

1961 AFC Youth Championship was held in Thailand from 10 to 20 April.
Results
Group stage
Group A
Group B
Third place match
Final
References
AFC U-20 Asian Cup
1961 in sports
1960s in Thailand
Football in Thailand
Broxeele

Broxeele is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 399 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Pavel Badea

Pavel Badea (born 10 June 1967) is a former Romanian football player. He has played for Romania national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1983/84||rowspan="9"|Universitatea Craiova||rowspan="9"|Divizia A||1||0||||||||||1||0
|-
|1984/85||0||0||||||||||0||0
|-
|1985/86||24||1||||||||||24||1
|-
|1986/87||23||4||||||||||23||4
|-
|1987/88||34||9||||||||||34||9
|-
|1988/89||29||4||||||||||29||4
|-
|1989/90||31||8||||||||||31||8
|-
|1990/91||31||10||||||||||31||10
|-
|1991/92||29||7||||||||||29||7
|-
|1992/93||rowspan="3"|Lausanne Sports||rowspan="3"|Nationalliga A||35||4||||||||||35||4
|-
|1993/94||30||1||||||||||30||1
|-
|1994/95||35||7||||||||||35||7
|-
|1995/96||Universitatea Craiova||Divizia A||19||4||||||||||19||4
|-
|1996||rowspan="3"|Suwon Samsung Bluewings||rowspan="3"|K-League||||||||||||||||
|-
|1997||||||||||||||||
|-
|1998||||||||||||||||
|-
|1998||rowspan="2"|Bellmare Hiratsuka||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||8||0||1||1||0||0||9||1
|-
|1999||12||4||0||0||2||0||14||4
|-
|1999||Kashiwa Reysol||J. League 1||10||0||4||0||5||0||19||0
|-
|2000||rowspan="2"|Avispa Fukuoka||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||24||2||2||0||2||2||28||4
|-
|2001||28||4||1||1||2||0||31||5
|-
|2001/02||Extensiv Craiova||Divizia B||13||6||||||||||13||6
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="2"|Universitatea Craiova||rowspan="2"|Divizia A||26||4||||||||||26||4
|-
|2003/04||11||1||||||||||11||1
271||58||||||||||271||58
100||12||||||||||100||12
||||||||||||||
82||10||8||2||11||2||101||14
453||80||8||2||11||2||472||84
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1990||3||1
|-
|1991||4||0
|-
|1992||2||1
|-
!Total||9||2
|}
References
1967 births
Living people
Romanian footballers
Romanian football managers
Process switching latency

The process switching latency is the time needed by the operating system to perform the process context switch to continue executing another process.
Related pages
Thread switching latency
context switching
Computer science