pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Lieutenant commander

Lieutenant commander is an officer rank in several navies.
In the Royal Navy, It is junior to commander and senior to the naval rank of lieutenant. Royal Navy ranks are matched up with Royal Air Force ranks. In this case the equivalent rank would be a squadron leader.
Lieutenant commander (LCDR) is a mid-ranking officer in the United States Navy, the United States Coast Guard, and several other public uniformed services.
In the Royal Canadian Navy, the rank of lieutenant commander (LCdr) (French: capitaine de corvette or capc) is the naval rank equal to major in the army or air force. It is the first rank of senior officer.
This rank would be usual for a commander of a minor warship, or an executive officer in a larger ship.
Military ranks
Ghazni Province

Ghazni () () is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. It is in the east of the country. Its capital is Ghazni City.
Demographics and geography
The major ethnic groups in the province are Hazaras, Pashtuns and Tajiks. There are also some Burki, and Uzbeks. Ghazni is made up of 19 districts.
Some Sikhs and Hindus also live in Ghazni province. During the Taliban regime they fled the country. With the current administration they have returned to Ghazni city.
Infrastructure
Band E Sardeh Dam is located in Andar District near the border with Paktika Province. It creates a large water reservoir that is important to the irrigation of the Kahnjoor farming zone.
Related pages
Ghazni
References
Provinces of Afghanistan
Nepali Congress, Madhesh Province

Nepali Congress, Madhesh Province The ruling Nepali Congress is the Pradesh Congress Committee. The current leader of the Nepali Congress parliamentary party in the state is Ram Saroj Yadav who is also the Minister of Physical Infrastructure of the state.
Related pages
Bimalendra Nidhi
Ram Saroj Yadav
Saraswati Chaudhary
Reference
Nepali Congress
Madhesh Province
St. Olaf, Iowa

St. Olaf is a city in Clayton County in the state of Iowa, United States.
Cities in Iowa
Noordpeene

Noordpeene is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 788 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Esta É a Nossa Pátria Bem Amada

"Esta E a Nossa Patria Bem Amada" (; "This Is Our Well Beloved Motherland") is the national anthem of Guinea-Bissau. Written in 1963 by Amilcar Cabral (1924-1973) and composed by Xiao He [zh] (1918-2010), it was adopted upon independence from Portugal in 1974.
Lyrics
References
African anthems
Guinea-Bissau
1963 works
Alejandro Jodorowsky

Alejandro Jodorowsky Prullansky (; 17 February 1929 - 15 September 2022) is a Chilean movie and theatre director, screenwriter, playwright, actor, author, poet, producer, composer, musician, comic book writer. He also gives spiritual advice. He was known for his movies El Topo (1970), The Holy Mountain (1973), Tusk (1980), the horror Santa Sangre (1989) and the failed blockbuster The Rainbow Thief (1990).
He is best known for his avant-garde movies. He is popular among cult cinema fans for his work. His movies are "filled with violently surreal images" and a mix of "mysticism and religious provocation".
He was born in Tocopilla, Chile.
References
1929 births
Living people
Chilean movie actors
Chilean poets
Chilean movie directors
Chilean screenwriters
Chilean playwrights
Chilean composers
Chilean musicians
Chilean movie producers
Wind River (movie)

Wind River is a 2017 American movie starring Elizabeth Olsen, Jeremy Renner, Kelsey Asbille and Graham Greene. Taylor Sheridan wrote and directed the movie. It is about a Native American woman who goes missing in Wyoming on the Wind River Indian Reservation. It is rated R. It is 1 hour and 47 minutes long.
Plot
Jane Banner (Olsen), who is an FBI agent, goes to Wyoming to solve a murder. Wildlife officer Cory Lambert (Renner) helps her. Lambert had found the body of a young Native American woman named Natalie (Asbille). Lambert helps because he knew Natalie and because his own daughter had been found dead years earlier. Natalie had been barefoot in the snow. Because she died on a reservation and is a Native American, the FBI, police and tribal police must work together to find out what happened.
Themes
The story is fiction, but it is about how many Native American women go missing each year and how the laws in the United States make it harder to solve those crimes.
Critical response
The movie has an 87% fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes. It had positive reviews from The Guardian, Rolling Stone, The New York Times, and the LA Times and three stars from Roger Ebert's group.
References
Other websites
Wind River on IMDB
2017 movies
2010s mystery movies
2010s Western (genre) movies
2017 thriller movies
American mystery movies
American Western (genre) movies
American thriller movies
British mystery movies
British thriller movies
French thriller movies
Movies about missing people
Movies set in Wyoming
Movies directed by Taylor Sheridan
HD 136418

HD 136418 is a star located in the constellation Bootes 340 light years away from Earth. It has a planet orbiting it, like Jupiter.
The star and its planet will be named after something in the culture of Canada.
References
Stars
Canada
Rahden

Rahden is a town in Minden-Lubbecke in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. About 15,000 people live there.
References
Other websites
Minden-Lubbecke Rural District
Nutritionism

Food contains nutrients. The diet of a person is made of different kinds of food. Nutritionism is the idea that only the nutritients found in different foods determines their value for the diet. The value of a diet can be calculated by adding up the values of all nutritients of the individual food items. According to nutritionism, people only eat to stay healthy. In general, the term has a negative connotation.
Nutrition
Studio 54

Studio 54 is a Broadway theatre and a former disco nightclub was in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. The building opened in 1927 as the Gallo Opera House. In 1942, CBS began using it as a radio and television studio dubbed Studio 52.
In 1977, Steve Rubell and Ian Schrager opened a nightclub in the building and became famous. It was known for having multiple celebrities, drug use, public sex and sexist policies. In 1980, the club shut down after its founders were convicted for evading taxes.
It is now owned by the Roundabout Theatre Company.
References
Buildings and structures in Manhattan
Ingelfingen

Ingelfingen is a town in the Hohenlohe district, in Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany. It is on the river Kocher, northwest of Kunzelsau, and northeast of Heilbronn.
Twin town
Ingelfingen is twinned with:
Saint-Heand, France, since 1991
References
Spotless tree toad

The spotless tree frog, north China tree toad, spotless tree toad, or Chinese immaculate tree frog (Dryophytes immaculatus) is a frog that lives in China.
References
Frogs of Asia
Shane Yarran

Shane Yarran (2 June 1989 - 20 April 2018) was a professional Australian rules footballer. He was raised in Midvale, Perth, Western Australia. He played for the Fremantle Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was drafted with the 61st selection in the 2015 national draft.
On 20 April 2018, Yarran committed suicide in his Seville Grove, near Perth, Western Australia home at the age of 28.
References
Other websites
WAFL playing statistics
1989 births
2018 deaths
Suicides in Australia
Australian rules footballers
Sportspeople from Western Australia
Saint-Mars-du-Désert, Loire-Atlantique

Saint-Mars-du-Desert is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Communes in Loire-Atlantique
The Parish Church of St. Lawrence

The Parish Church of St. Lawrence in Radymno is a historic church in Poland. It is in the Przemysl archdiocese.
The church was built in the years 1724-1730 in the Baroque style. The bishop Aleksander Antoni Fredro was the prime mover of this facture. By the church there is a belfry from the year 1729, an antique manse and a nuns' home. During the First World War St. Lawrence's church was vastly damaged but shortly after the war it was renovated. After the Second World War the aim was to embellish the temple which is why, the front of the church and the belfry renovations. The temple's historic door was rebuilt as well.
The interior has got 7 altars. Some of the altars are: St. Anna's altar, Jezus's Sacred Heart altar, St. Agnes's altar and St. Nicholas's altar. Inside the church there is a solid pulpit which has got a rich wood carving decoration. There is also the fontal source with figures of Jesus and John the Baptist. It comes from the first half of the 19th century.
References
http://radymno.przemyska.pl/historia/
Churches in Poland
18th-century buildings and structures
Oberflachs

Oberflachs was a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. On 1 January 2014, the former municipalities of Oberflachs and Schinznach-Dorf merged into the new municipality of Schinznach.
Other websites
Official Website of Oberflachs
Former municipalities of Aargau
Le Givre

Le Givre is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France.
Communes in Vendee
Curciat-Dongalon

Curciat-Dongalon is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
Communes in Ain
Huffman coding

Huffman coding is a way of encoding data. The method was developed in 1952, by David A. Huffman, at MIT. It was first published as A Method for the Construction of Minimum-Redundancy Codes, in 1952. The method is a prefix code, and a way of lossless data compression. The idea behind it is very simple: There's a dictionary that contains words, and how often they occur in the text. Each word is replaced by a variable-length code. Words that occur more often get shorter codes. The codes must not overlap and be unique.
The output from Huffman's algorithm is a variable-length code table for encoding a source symbol (such as a character in a file). The algorithm constructs this table based on the estimated probability or frequency of occurrence (weight) for each possible value of the source symbol. As in other entropy encoding methods, more common symbols are generally represented using fewer bits than less common symbols. Huffman's method can be efficiently implemented, finding a code in time linear to the number of input weights if these weights are sorted. Even though Huffman's method is optimal among methods encoding symbols separately, it is not always optimal among all compression methods - it is replaced with arithmetic coding or asymmetric numeral systems if a better compression ratio is required.
History
In 1951, David A. Huffman and his MIT information theory classmates were given the choice of a term paper or a final exam. The professor, Robert M. Fano, assigned a term paper on the problem of finding the most efficient binary code. Huffman, unable to prove any codes were the most efficient, was about to give up and start studying for the final when he hit upon the idea of using a frequency-sorted binary tree and quickly proved this method the most efficient.
In doing so, Huffman outdid Fano, who had worked with Claude Shannon to develop a similar code. Building the tree from the bottom up guaranteed optimality, unlike the top-down approach of Shannon-Fano coding.
References
Data compression
Flushing, Michigan

Flushing is a city in Genesee County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 8,389 at the 2010 census. Flushing is considered a suburb of Flint.
Cities in Michigan
Axel Berg (footballer)

Axel August Berg (8 July 1938 - 12 April 2020) was a Norwegian football winger. He played for Lyn between 1955 and 1965 and the national team from 1959 and 1961.
Berg died on 12 April 2020, aged 81.
References
1938 births
2020 deaths
Norwegian footballers
Wiesen, Bavaria

Wiesen is a community in the Aschaffenburg district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (municipal association) of Schollkrippen.
References
Aschaffenburg (district)
Augy-sur-Aubois

Augy-sur-Aubois is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France. It has a population of around 288 as of January 2019.
Population
References
Communes in Cher
Achaea

Achaea is one of 51 prefectures of Greece. It is on the Peloponnese peninsula. The capital of Achaea is Patras.
References
Prefectures of Greece
Companhia de Electricidade de Macau

Companhia de Electricidade de Macau (CEM; ; English: Macau Electricity Company) is an electricity company in Macau, China. Its main business is power generation, power transmission, power distribution and electricity selling in Macau.
History
CEM was established in 1972 in Portuguese Macau.
Other websites
Website
Facebook
Electric power companies
Macau
Electricity
Turks in Germany

The Turks in Germany are the largest ethnic minority in Germany. Most of these Turkish people immigrants came from different parts of Turkey, but especially from Anatolia when Germany invited them to work as guest workers between 1961-73 due to labour shortages. Some of them of Romanlar Background. The Turks in Germany are mostly religious and old Turkish tradition hold in great respect, like Sunnet-Ceremony.
Turks in Europe, especially in Germany, suffer from strong Anti-Turkish sentiment, one of the most heinous crimes was the murder of a turkish family in solingen in 1993. Attacks on Turkish institutions, Mosques, turkish-markets and turkish people, where some lost their lives, are increasing.
Related pages
Migrant worker
Turkish people
Romanlar
References
Ethnic groups in Germany
Mafic

Mafic is an adjective describing a silicate mineral or igneous rock which is rich in magnesium and iron. The term is a portmanteau, made up from "magnesium" and "ferric".
Mafic minerals are usually dark in color and have a specific gravity greater than 3. Common rock-forming mafic minerals include olivine, pyroxene, amphibole, biotite and other micas, augite and the calcium-rich plagioclase feldspars. Common mafic rocks include basalt and gabbro.
In terms of chemistry, mafic rocks are on the other side of the rock spectrum from the so-called felsic rocks. The term roughly corresponds to the older basic rock class.
Mafic lava, before cooling, has a lower viscosity than felsic lava due to its lower silica content. Water and other volatiles can more easily and gradually escape from mafic lava, so eruptions of volcanoes made of mafic lavas are less explosively violent than felsic lava eruptions. Most mafic lava volcanoes are oceanic volcanoes, like Hawaii.
Related pages
List of minerals
Granite
Rocks
Artemisia Gentileschi

Artemisia Gentileschi (July 8, 1593 - c. 1656) was an Italian Baroque painter.
Gentileschi was born in Rome in 1593. This was at the start of Baroque painting. She was the first child of the Tuscan painter Orazio Gentileschi. Artemisia trained in his workshop for a number of years before making works herself. She was influenced by the painter Caravaggio.
Gentileschi's first signed and dated painting was Susanna and the Elders. It was dated 1610, which was when she was 17. In 1616, Gentileschi became the first woman member of the Accademia del Disegno (the Florentine Academy of Art).
Her most well-known painting is Judith Beheading Holofernes.
Gentileschi was raped by an older member of the workshop, Agostino Tassi, in 1611. Her father sued him in 1612. After the trial, Gentileschi married Pietro Antonio di Vicenzo Stiattesi and moved to Florence, Italy. They had five children. In 1620 Gentileschi and her family moved back to Rome. Around 1623 Gentileschi and her husband separated. Gentileschi moved to Naples in 1630 and visited London, England in 1639. Gentileschi died in Naples, but the exact date is unknown. It was some time after 1654.
Legacy
Gentileschi was not included in the history of 17th-century art after her death. Many of her paintings were thought to have been made by her father or students of Caravaggio. Scholars started paying attention to her work in the early 1900's. In the 1970s she became a champion of second wave feminist art historians. Artist Judy Chicago included a place setting for Gentileschi in the 1979 art installation The Dinner Party.
In 2020, the National Gallery, London held a retrospective of Gentileschi's work entitled Artemisia.
Gentileschi's work is in museums including the Museo del Prado in Madrid, the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, the Uffizi in Florence, Italy, and the National Gallery, London.
Gallery
Related pages
List of Italian painters
References
Other websites
Artemisia Gentileschi: "The Spirit of Caesar in the soul of a woman!" video by the National Gallery
1593 births
1656 deaths
17th-century Italian painters
16th-century Italian painters
People from Rome
Felipe Franco Munhoz

Felipe Franco Munhoz (born 4 March 1990 in Sao Paulo) is a Brazilian writer and translator.
He graduated from Federal University of Parana. He participated in important literary events, such as the Macau Literary Festival and Printemps Litteraire Bresilien.
Works
Mentiras (Sao Paulo: Nos, 2016)
Identidades (Sao Paulo: Nos, 2018)
Lanternas ao nirvana (Record, 2022)
O Cavaleiro de Bronze e outros poemas, Puchkin - translation (Kalinka, 2022)
References
1990 births
Living people
Writers from Sao Paulo
Chronophilia

Chronophilia is a form of paraphilia where someone is sexually attracted to a particular age group or at least has a sexual preference for them. It is normally restricted to specific age groups.
Chronophilia Types
Attraction to children
Nepiophilia (sometimes called Infantophilia) is a sub-type of pedophilia describing the sexual attraction to pre-pubescent children which is restricted to infancy (referring to babies/toddlers ranging from ages 0-3)
Pedophilia: is the sexual attraction to pre-pubescent children which are children who have not begun puberty (Usually under 13 years old).
Attraction to adolescents
Hebephilia: is the sexual attraction to early adolescent (pubescent) youth (ranging from ages 11 to 14). Due to the varying onset of puberty, there is overlap between pedophilia and hebephilia.
Ephebophilia: is the sexual attraction to post-pubescent mid-to-late teens (ranging from ages 15 to 19).
Attraction to adults
Teleiophilia: is the sexual attraction to young adults. (Ranging from the early 20s to late 30s)
Mesophilia: is the sexual attraction to middle-aged adults. (Ranging from early 40s to 60s)
Gerontophilia: is the sexual attraction to old people. (From ages 65 and older)
Both ranges
Pedohebephilia: is the proposed sexual attraction to both pre-pubescent children and early adolescent youth.
Hebe-ephebophilia: is the attraction to both early adolescent youth and mid to late adolescent youth.
Sociology
Paraphilias
Gavialis

Gavialis is a genus of crocodylians that includes the living gharial Gavialis gangeticus and several extinct species.
Gharials
Jo Stafford

Jo Stafford, (November 12, 1917 - July 16, 2008) was an American singer for traditional pop (or called standard pop) and for jazz standards. She was born in Coalinga, California. Her career began during the late 1930s and lasted until the early 1960s. Stafford was strongly admired for the purity of her voice; she was one of the most versatile singers (or vocalists) of that era. In 1961 she won Grammy Awards for Best Comedy Album. She died of congestive heart failure in Century City, Los Angeles.
Other websites
Jo Stafford - record album "Jo + Jazz" at YouTube
1917 births
2008 deaths
Actors from Fresno County, California
American television actors
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Singers from California
Kiss Me Deadly

Kiss Me Deadly is a 1955 crime thriller movie directed by Robert Aldrich and based on the novel of the same name by Mickey Spillane. It stars Ralph Meeker, Albert Dekker, Paul Stewart, Juano Hernandez, Wesley Addy, Maxine Cooper, Cloris Leachman, Leigh Snowden and was distributed by United Artists.
Other websites
1955 crime movies
1950s thriller movies
1950s crime thriller movies
American crime thriller movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Robert Aldrich
Movies set in Los Angeles
Yendembam

Yendembam is a Meetei Manipuri surname or family name which has Indian origin. People of this family mainly inhabit in Manipur, India.
References
Meitei surnames
Angel tube station

Angel tube station is a London Underground station in The Angel, Islington. It is on the Bank branch of the Northern line, between Old Street and King's Cross St. Pancras stations. It is in Travelcard Zone 1.
Gallery
References
Oher websites
London's Transport Museum Photographic Archive
Northern line stations
London Travelcard zone 1
Tube stations in the London Borough of Islington
Mühledorf, Bern

Muhledorf was a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. On 1 January 2018, the former municipalities of Gelterfingen, Muhledorf and Noflen merged into the municipality of Kirchdorf.
References
Former municipalities of Bern
Norbert Ratsirahonana

Norbert Lala Ratsirahonana (born November 18, 1938) is a Malagasy politician. He is a member of the Judged by Your Work Party. Ratsirahonana was born in Antsiranana, French Madagascar. From 1996 to 1997, he was the Prime Minister of Madagascar. During the same years, he was the Acting President of Madagascar.
He ran for president in the December 2001 presidential election, but dropped out of the race.
References
1938 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Madagascar
Presidents of Madagascar
Electoral district of Cronulla

Cronulla is an electoral district of New South Wales. It was created in 1959.
It is a conservative electorate.
Cronulla is located in Southern Sydney.
Election results
References
Cronulla
Arovell Verlag

Arovell Verlag is an Austrian publishing house for modern literature. It was founded in 1991 by the Austrian writer, artist and musician, Paul Jaeg. Today, Jaeg is still the director.
Each year, Arovell prints between ten and twenty new books. Some authors, such as Peter Paul Wiplinger, have already published several books with Arovell, but others use Arovell to publish their first book(s).
Arovell publishes modern literature in the German language. They include short prose, stories and poetry. The covers of all books show a painting by Paul Jaeg.
Arovell also publishes a magazine about literature, music and art, which gives information about new books and public events. The magazine prints sometimes short texts from the books by Arovell.
The publisher organizes literary, musical and artistic events, especially in Upper Austria and Salzburg, but also in Vienna.
Arovell's headquarter is in Gosau in Upper Austria and has branch offices in Vienna and Salzburg.
Published authors (examples)
Hans Dieter Aigner
Peter Assmann
Reinhold Aumaier
Klaus Ebner
Karin Gayer
Constantin Gottfert
de:Fritz Huber
Paul Jaeg
Christoph Janacs
Gunther Kaip
Wolfgang Kauer
de:Hermann Knapp
Dorothea Macheiner
Dirk Ofner
Wolfgang Pollanz
Fritz Popp
Herbert Reiter
Christine Roiter
Leopold Spoliti
Nikolai Vogel
Wolfgang Wenger
Christine Werner
Peter Paul Wiplinger
Other websites
Website of Arovell publishing house
Information at the center for German Philology Germanistik im Netz
Book publishing companies
1991 establishments in Europe
1990s establishments in Austria
Companies of Austria
Gräshagen Church

The Grashagen Church () is a church building at Grashagen in the town of Jonkoping in Sweden. It belongs to the Jonkoping Sofia-Jarstorp Parish of the Church of Sweden. The church was opened on 1 December 1962.
References
Church of Sweden churches
Buildings and structures in Jonkoping
Mertens, Texas

Mertens is a town in the U.S. state of Texas.
Towns in Texas
Manno Charlemagne

Manno (Emmanuel) Charlemagne (1948 - 10 December 2017) was a Haitian political folk singer-songwriter and acoustic guitarist, political activist and politician. He was born in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. He lived abroad in exile twice, both during the 1980s and again during the years 1991-1994, when the country was ruled by a military junta led by Raoul Cedras.
Charlemagne took up guitar and singing at the age of 16 and by 1968 formed a band named Les Remarquables. He later started a twoubadou band named Les Trouveres with Marco Jeanty.
In 1995, Charlemagne was elected mayor of Port-au-Prince after running as an independent candidate. He served as mayor until 1999.
Charlemagne died in Miami Beach, Florida of laryngeal cancer on 10 December 2017 at the age of 69.
References
1948 births
2017 deaths
Haitian musicians
Folk singers
Singer-songwriters
Guitarists
Haitian politicians
Mayors
Richmond, Vermont

Richmond is a town in Chittenden County, Vermont, United States.
Towns in Vermont
Polite society

Polite society, often shortened to society, is a euphemism for the upper class.
It can also refer to:
Polite society, the etiquette of the upper class
Polite society, the manners of the upper class
Polite Society, a 1995 novel by Melanie Sumner, winner of that year's Whiting Writers' Award
The Polite Society, an American organization that holds shooting events
Hail, Caesar!

Hail, Caesar! is a 2016 black comedy movie written, produced, edited, and directed by Joel and Ethan Coen. The movie stars Josh Brolin, George Clooney, Alden Ehrenreich, Ralph Fiennes, Jonah Hill, Scarlett Johansson, Frances McDormand, Tilda Swinton, and Channing Tatum.
It is a fictional story that follows the real-life fixer Eddie Mannix (Brolin) working in the Hollywood movie industry in the 1950s trying to discover what happened to a cast member who vanished during the filming of a biblical epic.
The movie premiered in Los Angeles on February 1, 2016, and was released in the United States on February 5, 2016.
It made $63 million worldwide and received positive reviews. The movie was chosen by National Board of Review as one of the top ten films of 2016 and it received nominations at the 89th Academy Awards and 70th British Academy Film Awards, both for production design.
References
2016 comedy movies
2010s mystery movies
American black comedy movies
American mystery movies
British comedy movies
British mystery movies
Japanese comedy movies
Japanese mystery movies
Movies set in California
Movies directed by the Coen brothers
Universal Pictures movies
Tavagnasco

Tavagnasco is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Piedmont region in Italy.
Settlements in Piedmont
Ashley, Illinois

Ashley is a city in Illinois in the United States.
References
Cities in Illinois
María Isabel Carvajal

Carmen Lyra (January 15, 1888 - May 14, 1949) was the pseudonym of the first prominent female Costa Rican writer, born Maria Isabel Carvajal Quesada.
Life
Lyra studied at the school in her neighborhood in the Buenaventura Corrales. She studied pedagogy at the college and got the teacher's certification. Lyra began teaching in the rural El Monte School in the province of Heredia. In 1906, she worked in the San Juan de Dios Hospital for a short time.
Teaching methods
Lyra travelled to Europe. While there, she learned about new educational systems. When she returned, she worked with a teacher and founded the first pre-school in Costa Rica.
Writing career
Lyra's first publication was the novel En una silla de ruedas (In a Wheelchair), in 1918. Her short stories were published in the Pandemonium Magazine, Ariel Magazine, and the Repertorio Americano.
The stories of Carmen Lyra have been used in many schools. The most popular is Cuentos de mi tia Panchita (Story of my aunt Panchita). It was published in 1920. This story is well known by most Costa Rican.
Other works of Maria Isabel Carvajal are Las fantasias de Juan Silvestre (1918), Obras Completas (1975), La cucarachita mandina (1976) and relatos escogidos (1977).
Politics
Carmen Lyra was involved in Costa Rican politics. She was part of the communist party.
She helped organize women schoolteachers to burn down the building of the official newspaper and to overthrow the dictatorship of Costa Rica's Federico Tinoco Granados in 1919. She is credited with translating the Communist Manifesto into Spanish in 1920. She went on to take a leading role in the banana workers' strike of 1934. During this time, she wrote Bananos y Hombres'' (Bananas and Men).
In 1948, she was forced into leave Costa Rica after the Costa Rican Civil War because of her politics. She went to Mexico and died there in 1949.
1888 births
1949 deaths
Teachers
Costa Rican people
North American writers
People from San Jose, Costa Rica
Thyroid cancer

Thyroid cancer is cancer in the thyroid gland. Doctors can find thyroid cancer by checking for swelling in the neck, blood tests, special scans, or taking a biopsy.
Types
There are four types of thyroid cancer:
References
Cancer
Louvières, Calvados

Louvieres, Calvados is a former commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Formigny La Bataille.
References
Former communes in Calvados
Skip James

Nehemiah Curtis "Skip" James (June 21, 1902 - October 3, 1969) was an American Delta blues singer, guitarist, pianist and songwriter.
Biography
Early years
James was born near Bentonia, Mississippi. He worked on road construction in the early 1920s, and wrote his earliest song, "Illinois Blues", about his experience as a worker. He began playing guitar in open D-minor tuning with three fingers.
1920s and '30s
Skip James traveled to Grafton, Wisconsin to record for Paramount. James recorded blues and spirituals and cover versions of other songs.
The Great Depression happened just as James' records were put on the market. Not many people bought them because of this and James had to give up Blues music and worked in a church with his father.
After the depression
For the next thirty years, James did not record any songs. In July 1964, James started playing again and he recorded for the Takoma, Melodeon, and Vanguard labels and played until his death in 1969.
Discography
Paramount 78s: 1931
Complete 1931 Session Yazoo, 1986
Complete Recorded Works (1931) Document, 1990
The Complete Early Recordings of Skip James - 1930 Yazoo, 1994
Cypress Grove Blues Snapper Music Group, 2004
Illinois Blues Universe, 2004
The Complete 1931 Recordings Body & Soul, 2005
Hard Time Killin' Floor Yazoo, 2005
After the depression: 1964-1969
Greatest of the Delta Blues Singers Biograph, 1964
She Lyin Adelphi, 1964 (first released: Genes, 1996)
Skip James Today! Vanguard, 1965
Devil Got My Woman Vanguard, 1968
I'm So Glad Vanguard, 1978
Live: Boston, 1964 & Philadelphia, 1966 Document, 1994
Skip's Piano Blues, 1964 (Genes, 1998)
Blues From the Delta Vanguard, 1998 (two unreleased recordings)
The Complete Bloomington, Indiana Concert - March 30, 1968 Document, 1999
Skip's Guitar Blues, 1964(?) (Genes, 1999)
Studio Sessions: Rare and Unreleased, 1967 (Vanguard, 2003)
Hard Time Killing Floor Blues Biograph, 2003
Heroes of the Blues: The Very Best of Skip James Shout!, 2003
Hard Time Universe, 2003
Other websites
Illustrated Skip James discography
Interview with Skip James' surviving cousin
Can't Find No Heaven: The Mysteries of Skip James by Matt R. Lohr, a speculative study of Skip James' personality
Blues guitarists
Blues pianists
American guitarists
1902 births
1969 deaths
Singers from Mississippi
Musicians from Mississippi
American blues singers
Cerro Gordo County, Iowa

Cerro Gordo County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 43,127. The county seat is Mason City. The county is named for the Battle of Cerro Gordo, which took place during the Mexican-American War.
Cerro Gordo County was founded in 1851.
References
1851 establishments in Iowa
Iowa counties
Mark A. Hershkovitz

Mark A. Hershkovitz is an American curator and biochemist.
This author is usually abbreviated "Hershk." when citing a botanical name.
Taxa by M A Hershkovitz
Calandrinia jompomae
Cistanthe amaranthoides (Phil.)Carolin ex Hershk.
C arenaria (Cham.) Carolin ex Hershk.
C calycina Carolin ex Hershk.
C.celosioides (Phil.)Carolin ex Hershk.
C.cephalophora (I.M.Johnston)Carolin ex Hershk.
C.coquimbensis (Barneoud)Carolin ex Hershk.
C.cymosa(Phil.) Hershk.
C densiflora (Barneoud)Hershk.
C.monandra
Works
Hershkovitz, M.A. & Zimmer, E.A. 2000. Ribosomal DNA evidence and disjunctions of western American Portulacaceae Mol. Phylogenetics and Evolution 15(3): 419-439.
Hershkovitz M.A., Arroyo M.T.K, Bell C., and Hinojosa L.F 2006
Phylogeny of Chaetanthera (Asteraceae: Mutisieae) reveals both ancient and recent origins of the high elevation lineages Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 41: 594-605.
References
Living people
American botanists
Richard Schifter

Richard Schifter (July 31, 1923 - October 4, 2020) was an Austrian-American lawyer and politician. He was Assistant Secretary of State for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs from 1985 to 1992 during the presidencies of Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush. Schifter was born in Vienna.
Schifter died on October 4, 2020 at the age of 97.
References
1923 births
2020 deaths
American military personnel of World War II
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Lawyers from Washington, D.C.
Politicians from Washington, D.C.
Politicians from Vienna
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Dubstep

Dubstep (also known as dubstep remix or remix dubstep) is a genre of music that started in South London, it drew influence from 2-step garage, dub, drum and bass, grime and reggae. A popular dubstep producer Skrillex changed the genre into something much heavier with more growls, gritty basslines and fat sub-basses.
Since then, the dubstep scene has changed a lot with dubstep going from the underground genre that it was to a mainstream one. It has been played on big festivals, like Ultra Music Festival and Lost Lands.
Characteristics
Dubstep is usually instrumental. Its tempo usually ranges between 138 to 150 beats per minute. Many songs have two bass drops, where a switch of rhythm and/or bass line occurs and usually follows a recognizable build section and break.
A style of Americanized, heavier and aggressive form of dubstep is referred to as brostep, which has become very popular. It was started by Skrillex..
Popular artists
Zomboy
MOONBOY
Skrillex
Datsik
Excision
Code:Pandorum (now INHUMAN)
Evilwave
INFEKT
MVRDA
Squnto
SVDDEN DEATH
Herobust
Wubbix
Wooli
Kompany
Spag Heddy
Midnight Tyrannosaurus
Subtronics
Barely Alive
Modestep
Riot Ten
BadKlaat
SNAILS
12th Planet
Black Tiger Sex Machine
Borgore
Dirtyphonics
Doctor P
Eptic
Flux Pavillion
FuntCase
Cookie Monsta
ILLENIUM
Kill the Noise
Knife Party
Panda Eyes
Seven Lions
Trivecta
SLANDER
Slushii
Virtual Riot
Electronic dance music
Ja, vi elsker dette landet

"Ja, vi elsker dette landet" (, meaning "Yes, we love this country") is the national anthem of Norway. Before it became the country's anthem, it was a patriotic song written in 1859 by a Norwegian writer named Bjornstjerne Bjornson. His cousin Rikard Nordraak set his lyrics to music in 1863. Until 2017, it had been an unofficial anthem of Norway, alongside "Sonner av Norge" and "Norges Skaal".
Lyrics
This song has eight verses in total. However, only the first, seventh and eighth verses (highlighted in bold) are used for the national anthem.
Norwegian original
English version
An English recording of the song, based on the first, seventh and eighth stanzas, was popular among Norwegian Americans sometime in the 1900s.
Controversies
Norwegian independence
In 1905, the Union between Sweden and Norway was broken apart after many years of Norwegian struggle for equality between the two states. The declaration of independence by Norway made Sweden really angry, bringing both of them to the brink of war. In Sweden, pro-war conservatives were opposed by the Social Democrats, whose leaders Hjalmar Branting and Zeth Hoglund spoke out for a peaceful settlement with Norway. Swedish socialists sang "Ja, vi elsker dette landet" to show their support for Norway leaving the Union.
Nazi occupation
During the Second World War, the anthem was used both by the Norwegian resistance and the Nazi collaborators. When the Nazis took control of Norway, they did not let anyone play this anthem.
Urdu translation
In May 2006, a newspaper proposed that the national anthem be translated into Urdu, since there are a lot of Pakistani immigrants in Norway. The editor's idea was that people from other ethnic groups should be able to honour their adopted country with devotion, even if they're not fluent in Norwegian. This was, however, met with criticism. Someone even sent a bunch of hate mail to the editor, calling her a traitor and threatening her with decapitation.
References
1860s songs
European anthems
National symbols of Norway
Recques-sur-Hem

Recques-sur-Hem is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Ibis

The ibises (collective plural ibis; classical plurals ibides and ibes) are a group of long-legged wading birds in the family Threskiornithidae. This family also includes the spoonbills.
They all have long down curved bills, and usually feed as a group, probing mud for food items, usually crustaceans. Most species nest in trees, often with spoonbills or herons.
The word ibis comes from Greek and Latin, and probably from the Ancient Egyptian. According to Josephus, Moses employed ibes against serpents during a desert campaign into Ethiopia in his early life. Pliny the Elder also recounted, "The Egyptians invoked ibes against the serpents."
Ancient Egyptians
Ancient Egyptians would make ibises into mummies and offer them to the god Thoth, whom they drew and carved with the head of an ibis. Egyptologists have found many thousands of ibis mummies in tombs. In 2019, scientists looked at the DNA from the ibis mummies and from living ibises around Africa and came to believe that the ibises that were made into mummies were not caught in the wild. Instead, ancient Egyptians fed the ibises in large lakes near their temples and caught them when they wanted them.
References
Pelecaniformes
John Denver

Henry John Deutschendorf Jr. (December 31, 1943 - October 12, 1997) was an American musician and songwriter. He was of German and Irish ancestry. He was very popular in the 1970s. He died when the plane he was flying crashed in California.
Denver began his music career with folk music groups during the late 1960s. By 1974, he was one of America's best-selling performers, and AllMusic has described Denver as "among the most beloved entertainers of his era" On 12 October 1997, John Denver died in a plane crash aged 53.
Studio albums
Awards and recognition
Academy of Country Music
1974 Album of the Year for Back Home Again
American Music Awards
1975 Favorite Pop/Rock Male Artist
1976 Favorite Country Album for Back Home Again
1976 Favorite Country Male Artist
Country Music Association
1975 Entertainer of the Year
1975 Song of the Year for "Back Home Again"
Emmy Awards
1975 Emmy for Outstanding Variety, Music or Comedy Special for An Evening With John Denver
Grammy Awards
1997 Best Musical Album For Children for All Aboard!
1998 Grammy Hall of Fame Award for "Take Me Home, Country Roads"
Songwriters Hall of Fame
Inducted in 1996
Death
On October 12th, 1997 Denver was piloting his own "experimental ultralight plane" off of Monterey Bay, California. He made an error in calculating his remaining fuel levels and fatally crashed directly into the ocean near Lover's Point, Pacific Grove, after the plane ran completely out of gas. After a thorough investigation completed by the National Aviation Services and supporting law enforcement, it was deemed that he was too confined within the limited space of his plane to successfully engage his reserve tank. Denver was 53 years old; his remains were cremated, and his ashes were scattered in the Rocky Mountains.
References
5. https://gulfnews.com/today-history/october-12-1997-singer-john-denver-dies-in-plane-crash-1.2104320
1943 births
1997 deaths
American country guitarists
American country singers
American folk singers
American pop singers
American singer-songwriters
Singers from New Mexico
Aviation deaths in the United States
Writers from New Mexico
Roswell, New Mexico
Pokémon Adventures

Pokemon Adventures, released in Japan as , is a Pokemon-related manga based on the video games. Satoshi Tajiri once said that this series is closest to what he imagined the Pokemon world to be:
The series is written by Hidenori Kusaka and drawn by Mato for the first 9 volumes. Satoshi Yamamoto took over from Mato (who was ill at the time) and has not stopped since. The manga was translated into English in North America by VIZ Media, but publication stopped in 2001 at Volume 7. Recently, Viz has begun re-releasing the series in the form of "The Best of Pokemon Adventures: Red" and "The Best of Pokemon Adventures: Yellow", respectively, this time for $7.95 each, $6 less than nearly a decade ago when the publisher first began to publish the manga. VIZ Media has begun to release the series again with a 2nd edition. The first volume was released on June 2, 2009. and the second volume is to be released in August. In Southeast Asia, Singapore publisher Chuang Yi, currently translates Pokemon Adventures into English, and continues to translate new volumes to this day, so far up to volume 57. Jilin Fine Arts, along with the VIZ Media Shanghai Branch, has translated the manga into Chinese. In Taiwan, it is published by Ching Win, who translates it into Mandarin and releases it in their monthly CoroCoro Comic magazine.
References
Pokemon
Creeslough

Creeslough ( , locally ; ) is a village in County Donegal, Ireland. It is south of Dunfanaghy.
References
Villages in Ireland
County Donegal
Halesworth

Halesworth is a town on the A144 road, in Suffolk, England.
Twin towns
Halesworth is twinned with both
Bouchain and
Eitorf.
Towns in Suffolk
Civil parishes in Suffolk
Van Halen

Van Halen was a hard rock group from Pasadena, California. They were formed in 1972. Guitarist Eddie Van Halen's style of playing changed the guitar world. He used lots of new techniques such as shredding and tapping. They made history with their first self-titled debut album in 1978, producing 4 major hits. The band released twelve studio albums, which have sold 80 million records worldwide.
Eddie Van Halen died on October 6, 2020, from cancer. His son, bass guitarist Wolfgang Van Halen, confirmed that the band had broken up.
Influences
Van Halen's influences include Cream, Alice Cooper, Black Oak Arkansas, Deep Purple, Grand Funk Railroad, Jimi Hendrix, The Kinks, Vanilla Fudge, AC/DC, Frank Zappa, Kiss, Queen, Led Zeppelin, Bad Company, Black Sabbath, Eric Clapton, Jeff Beck, The Dave Clark Five, The Who, ZZ Top, Aerosmith, Golden Earring and Montrose.
References
1970s American music groups
1980s American music groups
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
Grammy Award winners
American hard rock bands
American heavy metal bands
Musical groups from California
Pasadena, California
Musical groups established in 1972
1972 establishments in California
Warner Bros. Records artists
Interscope Records artists
Miyuki Izumi

is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Izumi was born in Tokyo Metropolis on May 31, 1975. In 1989, she joined Shinko Seiko FC Clair (later Tokyo Shidax LSC). In 1989 season, she was selected Young Player Awards. However, the club was disbanded in 1995. So, she moved to Suzuyo Shimizu FC Lovely Ladies. In 1998 season, she played 18 games and scored 21 goals. She became top scorer. However, the club was withdrew Nadeshiko League end of 1998 season. So, in 1999, she moved to NTV Beleza (later Nippon TV Beleza). She retired end of 2006 season. She was also selected Best Eleven 2 times (1998 and 1999).
On May 16, 1996, Izumi debuted for the Japan national team against United States. She was a member of Japan for 1996 Summer Olympics. She played 5 games for Japan in 1996.
Statistics
References
Other websites
1975 births
Living people
Footballers from Tokyo Prefecture
Japan women's international footballers
Nadeshiko League players
Tokyo Shidax LSC players
Suzuyo Shimizu FC Lovely Ladies players
Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza players
Footballers at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Zizhongosaurus

Zizhongosaurus was a very large plant-eating dinosaur. It was a large sauropod, related to Camarasaurus.
Other websites
Zizhongosaurus at the Dinosaur Encyclopedia
Sauropods
The Adventures of Tintin (TV series)

The Adventures of Tintin is a Canadian and French Animated television series. It is produced, written and animated For Nickelodeon by French animation studio Ellipse Programme and Canadian studio Nelvana Limited In Association with Treehouse TV and Nickelodeon The series is based on the comic book series of the same name by Belgian cartoonist Herge (). It has 395 episodes and 28 seasons. Each episode is 27 minutes long. The series was first broadcast in France, Canada and the United States between 1991 to 2017.
References
Canadian animated television series
1990s Canadian television series
French animated television series
1990s animated television series
1990s American animated television series
1991 television series debuts
1992 television series endings
Hamo Beknazarian

Hamo Beknazarian, also known as Hamo Bek Nazarov (born May 19, 1891 in Yerevan, died April 27, 1965 in Moscow) was an Armenian movie director. His career in cinema started in 1914, when a friend offered him a part in a movie. Between 1914 and 1918, he played about 70 parts, becoming a popular actor in pre-Revolutionary Russian movie. In 1920, instead of going to Armenia as he planned, he went to Tbilisi, where he developed a movie department for Georgian Commissioner's office of Public Education. Many of his movies were filmed in Tbilisi, including The Father Murderer and Lost Treasures. In 1925, he filmed his first Armenian movie and moved to Armenia. In 1933, he made the first Armenian movie to have sound, Pepo.
Beknazarian also made a few documentary movies.
Filmography
Shor and Shorshor (1926), scriptwriter, director. A comedy about two friends.
Namus (1926), Director. This was the first Armenian movie. It was a tragic love story.
Pepo (1935), director
Zangezur (1938), director
David-Bek (1943), co-scriptwriter, director. A movie about an 18th-century Armenian hero, David Bek (died 1728) who fought to free Armenia from the Ottoman Empire.
Anahit (1947), director
References
1891 births
1965 deaths
Armenian movie directors
The Japanese Dog

The Japanese Dog () is a 2013 Romanian drama movie directed by Tudor Cristian Jurgiu and starring Victor Rebengiuc, Serban Pavlu, Ioana Abur, Alexandrina Halic, Constantin Draganescu.
Other websites
2013 drama movies
Romanian drama movies
WWE No Mercy

WWE No Mercy was a yearly professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). The video game WWF No Mercy was based on the event. The event was succeeded by WWE Hell in a Cell.
Events
WWE No Mercy
Samoussy

Samoussy is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Bokermannohyla caramaschii

Bokermannohyla caramaschii is a frog that lives in Brazil.
References
Frogs of South America
Papatoetoe

Papatoetoe is a suburb of Auckland, New Zealand. It is in South Auckland, in the Manukau District.
Other websites
http://www.papatoetoe.org.nz
Auckland
Otara-Papatoetoe Local Board Area
Katie Stevens

Katie Stevens is an American television actress. She stars in a television show called "Faking It". The show airs on the MTV network.
Katie Stevens started acting and singing at age three. She went to Broadway camp during her childhood. Later she acted in local theatere shows. Stevens appeared in the 2009 season of American Idol. She lives now in Los Angeles, California.
References
Actors from Connecticut
American Idol contestants
Living people
1992 births
21st-century American singers
American child singers
American composers
American movie actors
American television actors
Child actors
Musicians from Connecticut
Singer-songwriters from New York (state)
Singers from Connecticut
Stage actors
Rechtsupweg

Rechtsupweg is a municipality in Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany.
References
Towns and villages in East Frisia
Aurich (district)