pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a set of questions based on psychology. By answering the questions, people can learn about how they tend to make choices. They can also learn about how they view the world. After answering the questions in the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, people are placed in one of sixteen groups. These groups are based on theories by Carl Gustav Jung in his book Psychological Types (1921).
Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers created the first set of questions during World War II. The set of questions was made to help women who were working for the first time. Katharine Cook Briggs and Isabel Briggs Meyers thought that the set of questions would help women be happier and work better. The set of questions has grown into the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. The MBTI that we use today was created in 1962.
Though there are sixteen types, it is stated that there is no best type. The types are considered all equal.
Typing
Outlooks: extraversion / introversion
The MBTI measures four things. The first is extraversion (E) and introversion (I). Extroverts are people who get energy from the outside world. Extroverts like to spend their time with other people. Introverts are people who get energy from the inside world. Introverts tend to get energy from thinking and reflecting.
Information gathering: sensing / intuition
The second measure is sensing (S) and intuition (N). Sensing and intuition are ways of gathering information. People who are sensing trust facts. Sensing people accept things if they can see, hear, touch, taste, or smell them. People who tend to like intuition are more likely to accept outcomes based on other people and meanings that cannot be tested.
Decision making: thinking / feeling
The third measure is thinking (T) and feeling (F). Thinking and feeling are ways that people make decisions. Those who prefer thinking tend to make decisions alone. They heavily weigh reason, good sense, order, and cause and effect. Those who prefer feeling are more likely to think of the effect that a decision may have on other people. They tend to try to gain balance and agreement with everyone that is involved.
Those who prefer thinking do not "think better" than those who prefer Feeling, and those who prefer feeling do not make decisions based only on people.
Dealing with others: judging / perceiving
The last measure is of judging (J) and perceiving (P). Judging and perceiving detail how people deal with the outside world. A person who likes Judging tends to report that they use Thinking or feeling to deal with the outside world. A person who likes perceiving tends to report that they use sensing or intuition to deal with the outside world.
The full type
A Myers Briggs type is made up of each of the preferences above. For example an ESTJ would be a person who prefers extraversion, sensing, thinking, and judging. An INFP would be a person who prefers introversion, intuition, feeling, and perceiving.
References
Pearman, Roger R. & Sarah C. Albritton 1997. I'm not crazy, I'm just not you. Palo Alto, California: Davies-Black, xiii.
Psychometrics
Personality
Pernes-lès-Boulogne

Pernes-les-Boulogne is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Clive Revill

Clive Selsby Revill (born 18 April 1930) is a New Zealand actor who is best known for his roles in Avanti!, A Fine Madness, The Assassination Bureau, and in The Pickwick Papers. He also voiced Alfred Pennyworth in Batman: The Animated Series and Emperor Palpatine in Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back. He was nominated for an Golden Globe Award for his role in Avanti!.
Revill was born in Wellington, New Zealand to British parents. He was raised in London, England. He was married to Valerie Nelson from 1970 until they divorced in 1977. Then he was married to Suzi Schor from 1978 until they divorced in 1988. They had one daughter, Kate Selsby. Revill now lives in Los Angeles, California.
References
Other websites
Clive Revill at Film Reference
1930 births
Living people
British movie actors
British television actors
British stage actors
British voice actors
New Zealand movie actors
New Zealand television actors
New Zealand stage actors
New Zealand voice actors
Actors from London
Actors from Wellington
Ipsheim

Ipsheim is a municipality in Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim
Childfree

The term childfree means people who choose not to have children. It includes people who have had sterilisation (surgery such as a vasectomy) to make themselves unable to have children.
The most common reasons for being childfree are:
not liking children
asceticism or religious reasons
not wanting to become a parent
thinking that wanting to reproduce oneself is narcissistic
not having enough money to take care of children
personal well-being
People may also choose not to have children for ethical reasons, such as antinatalism. By choosing not to have their own children, childfree people have choices of saving large amounts of money. They can also focus on themselves. They usually benefit society more by being childless rather than having children.
Being childless was considered unusual in the 1950s. Since then, the number of adults without children has increased. Many researchers say childfree adults are more educated, less likely to be religious and more likely to live around cities. In the late 2000s to early 2010s, the rate of women in the United States becoming pregnant dropped almost 9%. The birth rate between 2010 and 2013 was the lowest in the country's history.
References
Related pages
Abortion
Birth control
Childlessness
Relationships
Family
Children
Antinatalism
Sterilization
Antinatalism
Volvo XC90

The Volvo XC90 is a mid-sized luxury CUV made by Volvo since August 2002.
The first XC90 was shown to the public in 2002, at a motor show, called the North American International Motor Show. The 1st gen XC90 is related to the Volvo S80 and is based on the Volvo P2 platform.
The second-gen XC90 was unveiled at the end of 2014, and is based on the Volvo SPA platform. It is related to the Volvo S90 and the Volvo V90 station wagon.
1st gen
The first-gen XC90 was designed by Doug Frasher in 1999, and shown to the public in November 2001, previewed by a concept in November 2001. It was Volvo's first SUV, and its full body was shown at the North American International Motor Show in January 2002. It was able to be bought and ordered in August 2002, and at first had 2 trims. It has 2 choices of seats, 5, and 7-seat. It is code named 'P28'.
Changes
2007 change
In 2007, the XC90 had gotten a small change, including new front and rear, and a new interior. The new XC90 was shown in New York in April 2006.
2009 changes
In 2009, the XC90 had larger spaces in between the rear Volvo logos.
In 2010, the front Volvo logo got larger.
For 2012-13, it had received LED-taillights and DRLs.
2nd gen
In May 2012, Volvo Cars said that the new XC90 would start in 2014, with orders starting in 2014, and it starting in 2015.
The XC90 is based on Volvo's SPA platform, which stands for Scalable Product Architecture, and cars in this platform basically have newer technology, and try to have as low weight as possible, while having as much safety as possible. The new XC90 is longer, wider and lower than the older one, while all being powered by an eight-speed automatic transmission. It was already sold out after 47 hours of orders being open on 3 September 2014.
T8/XC90 Recharge
The T8 is a plug-in hybrid version of the XC90. It has an all electric range of 43 km (27 mi), and has the same technology as the Volvo V60 PHEV. In 2021, the T8 was renamed to the 'XC90 Recharge'.
Change
The XC90 had gotten a small change in 2020, adding a new front and back, including a new front grille.
Sport utility vehicles
2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
2020s automobiles
Annie Jump Cannon

Annie Jump Cannon was an American astronomer. She was born on December 11, 1863 in Dover, Delaware and died on April 13, 1941 in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Life
With an old astronomy book, Cannon's mother taught her the constellations and other things about stars when she was little. She encouraged her to learn mathematics, chemistry and biology at Wellesley College. They loved the stars. After graduation she took up photography, and many of her pictures of Europe were published. She caught Scarlet fever which made her deaf. She became an instructor at Wellesley and learned spectroscopy.
Cannon was a great astronomer and gave us new information about the stars.
Jobs and studies
Cannon had graduate studies in math, physics, and astronomy. She also received many awards such as the Henry Draper Gold Medal of the National Academy of Sciences, the Ellen Richards Award, and she was the first woman to ever receive the honorary doctorate of science at Oxford University. She also became part of the Harvard Astronomy staff. She discovered 300 variable stars, five novae stars, and a binary star while on the staff. Cannon observed and then classified about 400,000 stars. She invented the Harvard system which is still the usual method of stellar classification according to color and temperature.
Hardships
Cannon had many hardships. Cannon was a women scientist in a world of men. She had to advocate for herself. She was one of the first women in astronomy at her time. Cannon also faced the hardship of being deaf. Cannon didn't have access to hearing aids. People had decided not to vote for her for awards despite her discoveries because she was deaf. Now many people admire her and wish to follow in her footsteps. Cannon struggled in a world of stereotypes and first times but she managed to succeed.
References
1863 births
1941 deaths
American astronomers
Harvard University
Scientists from Delaware
People from Dover, Delaware
Flap steak

Flap steak is a type of meat cut. It comes from the bottom sirloin. It is a thin piece of beef.
This cut can also be used to make ground beef.
Flap meat is usually confused with cuts from the plate meats. Sometimes, it is sold as skirt steak even though it does not come from the plate.
Preparation
Like most steaks, the flap steak can be cooked with different methods.
References
Cuts of beef
To the North of Katmandu

To the North of Katmandu is a 1986 British comedy movie. It was filmed in Katmandu, Nepal.
Story
Max Boyce takes part in the 1985 World Elephant Polo Championships in Katmandu, Nepal.
Actors
Max Boyce
Barbara Bach
Billy Connolly
Ringo Starr
Other websites
1986 comedy movies
British comedy movies
English-language movies
Movies set in Nepal
Nepali culture
Philippe Boesmans

Philippe Boesmans (17 May 1936 - 10 April 2022) was a Belgian composer. He was known for composing operas. Boesmans was born in Tongeren, Belgium. He was composer in residence at the La Monnaie opera house in Brussels. He also composed the opera Reigen was premiered in 1993. His opera Au monde won the International Opera Award 2015.
Boesmans died after a short illness on 10 April 2022 in Brussels, Belgium, at the age of 85.
References
1936 births
2022 deaths
Belgian composers
Israel Meteorological Service

The Israel Meteorological Service is the central service for weather forecasting and climate research in Israel. It includes 30 weather stations. It is located in Rishon LeZion. It is also a unit in the Israeli Ministry of Transport.
Other websites
Israel Meteorological Service - official website
Government of Israel
Weather services
Rishon LeZion
Jorge González (wrestler)

Jorge Gonzalez (January 31, 1966 - September 22, 2010) was an Argentine professional wrestler and basketball player. He is known for competing in World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and World Wrestling Federation (WWF). He also competed for New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW).
Before becoming a professional wrestler, Gonzalez played basketball. He was the tallest Argentine basketball player in history, standing at 2.29 m (7 ft 6.25 in).
He was drafted in the 1988 NBA Draft by the Atlanta Hawks in the third round. Gonzalez along with Hernan Montenegro (who was drafted 3 spots after him) became the first Argentine players drafted in the NBA. He was not able to adapt to the physical demands of NBA basketball because of a serious knee injury.
He was known for wearing a full body suit that featured airbrushed muscles with bushy hair attached. He debuted in the WWF at the Royal Rumble in January 1993, where he eliminated The Undertaker from the Royal Rumble match even though he was not an official participant. Gonzalez challenged The Undertaker at WrestleMania IX but lost by disqualification when he knocked Undertaker unconscious by using chloroform. This win for The Undertaker remains the only instance where he did not have a decisive victory in his WrestleMania streak.
Championships
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
He was ranked #112 of the 500 best singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 1991.
References
Other websites
WWE profile
1966 births
2010 deaths
Argentine sportspeople
Basketball players
Deaths from diabetes
Former WWE wrestlers
Professional wrestlers
Homerville, Ohio

Homerville is an unincorporated community in central Homer Township, Medina County, Ohio, United States. Its zip code is 44235.
References
Unincorporated communities in Ohio
Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust

Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust is an NHS trust which operates 10 hospitals in Greater Manchester. It is the largest NHS trust in the United Kingdom. It was formed on 1 October 2017. It had an income of PS1.6 billion and 21,945 employees in 2018/9. Mark Cubbon is the head from 2023. He used to work for NHS England but started his career as a nurse in Greater Manchester. Sir Mike Deegan retired after doing the job for more than 20 years,
The 10 hospitals are:
Manchester Royal Infirmary
Manchester Royal Eye Hospital
Royal Manchester Children's Hospital
Saint Mary's Hospital
University Dental Hospital of Manchester
Wythenshawe Hospital
North Manchester General Hospital
Trafford General Hospital
Withington Community Hospital
Altrincham Hospital
References
NHS trusts
Organisations based in Manchester
Sammamish, Washington

Sammamish is a city in King County, Washington, United States.
Cities in Washington (state)
Mount Selinda

Mount Selinda is a village and mission station in the province of Manicaland in the eastern mountains of Zimbabwe. Its altitude is 1,100 meters.
Mount Selinda is on the very edge of the Chirinda Forest Botanical Reserve - the southernmost tropical rainforest in Africa. It is at the southern end of the Eastern Highlands mountain range which separates Zimbabwe from neighboring Mozambique. The Indian Ocean is about 400 kilometers away.
Flora and fauna
The Mount Selinda area is home to a variety of indigenous African flora, fungi, birds, butterflies, insects and reptiles. This is mainly due to being near the Chirinda Forest Botanical Reserve, which is protected by law.
Among the hundreds of indigenous trees found in Mount Selinda are: Red mahogany, Brown mahogany, Natal mahogany, Albizia, White stinkwood, Chirinda stinkwood, Ironwood and colossal specimens of strangling figs. The largest Red Mahogany tree in southern Africa stands at Mount Selinda.
Other smaller flora include thousands of specimens of the yucca-like Dracaena fragrans, numerous ferns, creepers, vines, epiphytes, montbretia, orchids and flame lilies.
Mount Selinda boasts a dazzling array of bird life, with Trumpeter hornbills, Livingstone's turaco, African pygmy kingfishers, Firefinches, Sunbirds, African green pigeons, Owls, Nightjars, Eagles and Bee-eaters.
The reptile population includes pythons, cobras, vipers, mambas, adders, chameleons, geckos, skinks and lizards. The endemic Marshall's pygmy chameleon, Rhampholeon marshalli, is found within the forest and at the forest margin.
The variety and brilliant colors of butterflies in the area is also noteworthy.
Agriculture
Avocadoes, tea, bananas, sweet potatoes, taro, citrus, pineapples, sugarcane, coffee, macadamia nuts are grown in the area. There are also commercial timbers such as eucalyptus, wattle and pine. Dairy farming is also a part of the agriculture.
References
Cities in Zimbabwe
This Is 40

This is 40 is a 2012 American comedy drama movie. It is a spin-off to the movie Knocked Up. The movie stars Paul Rudd and Leslie Mann. Megan Fox and Melissa McCarthy also appear. It was released in December 2012 and received mixed reviews from critics.
Other websites
2012 comedy-drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
English-language movies
Midlife crisis movies
Movies about dysfunctional families
Movies about marriage
Movies set in Los Angeles
University of Siena

The University of Siena (, UNISI) is in Siena, Italy. It was created in 1240. It is one of the oldest European universities and the 4th oldest in Italy. As of 2011, the university had about 17,290 students.
References
Other websites
University of Padua Website
Museums of the University
Colleges and universities in Italy
1240 establishments
Sienna
1240s establishments in Europe
13th-century establishments in Italy
Murray Olderman

Murray Olderman (March 27, 1922 - June 10, 2020) was an American sports cartoonist and writer. His art was used by the Pro Football Hall of Fame and hung above the Hall of Fame statues. The Hall of Fame made all of the artwork digital so that visitors to the hall can see them through electronic kiosks. He was born in New York City.
Olderman died on June 10, 2020 in Rancho Mirage, California from a heart attack, aged 98.
References
Other websites
American cartoonists
1922 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Writers from New York City
Jean-Henry Céant

Jean Henry Ceant (born 27 September 1956) is a Haitian politician who was the Prime Minister of Haiti.
1956 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Haiti
A Nightmare on Elm Street 5: The Dream Child

A Nightmare on Elm Street 5: The Dream Child is a 1989 American slasher movie and the fifth movie in the Nightmare on Elm Street series. It was directed by Stephen Hopkins. It stars Robert Englund, Lisa Wilcox and Danny Hassel. It is the sequel to A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master and is followed by Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare.
References
1989 horror movies
Dream Child
Movies directed by Stephen Hopkins
Movies about nightmares
Movies about child abuse
Movies set in Ohio
Movies set in the 1940s
Roman Viktyuk

Roman Grigoryevich Viktyuk (, ; October 28, 1936 - November 17, 2020) was a Ukrainian-Russian theatre director, actor, and playwright. He was born in Lviv, Ukraine. His career began in 1956. In 2006, he was honored with the People's Artist of Ukraine and in 2009 with the People's Artist of Russia.
He was also Professor of the Russian Academy of Theatre Arts (GITIS).
In late-October 2020, Viktyuk was hospitalized in Moscow with COVID-19. He died from the infection and thrombosis on November 17 2020 at the age of 84.
References
Other websites
1936 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia
Deaths from thrombosis
Russian theatre directors
Russian stage actors
Russian writers
Ukrainian actors
Ukrainian writers
Russian playwrights
Jason Segel

Jason Jordan Segel (born January 18, 1980) is an American movie, television, and voice actor who is known for his role as Marshall Eriksen in How I Met Your Mother. He has also appeared in The Muppets (2011). He was born in Los Angeles, California. He was partners with actress Michelle Williams from 2012 through early 2013.
References
Other websites
1980 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Los Angeles
Erskine Hamilton Childers

Erskine Hamilton Childers (11 December 1905 - 17 November 1974), was the son of Robert Erskine Childers (author of the spy thriller The Riddle of the Sands. He was the fourth President of Ireland from 1973 until his death in 1974, and a TD from 1938 until 1973.
Childers held the following posts during his political career:
Minister for Posts and Telegraphs (1951-1954, 1959-1961, and 1966-1969),
Minister for Lands (1957-1959),
Minister for Transport and Power (1959-1969) and
Minister for Health (1969-1973).
He was appointed Tanaiste in 1969.
Biography
Childers was born in London. He moved to Ireland after the First World War and lived in County Wicklow with his father Robert Erskine Childers. His father helped bring guns to Ireland for the Easter Rising, and opposed the treaty that set up the Irish Free State. The younger Childers was educated at Gresham's School, Holt, and Trinity College, Cambridge, hence his striking British upper class accent.
In 1922, when Childers was 16, his father was executed by the Irish Free State. Before his execution the older Childers made his son promise from to find every man who had signed his father's death warrant out and shake his hand.
After finishing college in Britain Childers worked in a tourism board in Paris, until Eamon de Valera invited him back to Ireland to work for the Irish Press. He became a naturalised Irish citizen in 1938.
As member of Fianna Fail, he held a number of ministerial posts in the cabinets of Eamon de Valera, Sean Lemass and Jack Lynch, becoming Tanaiste Deputy head of the government) in 1969. Erskine's period as a minister was controversial. One commentator described his ministerial career as "spectacularly unsuccessful", but others praised his willingness to take tough decisions.
Childers was elected the fourth President of Ireland on 30 May, 1973, defeating Tom O'Higgins by 635,867 votes to 578,771. Childers, though 67, was an extremely hard-working and He died suddenly of a heart attack in November 1974, while making a public speech to the Royal College of Physicians in Dublin.
Childers' state funeral in St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, was attended by world leaders including Nelson Rockefeller, Vice-President of the United States, Earl Mountbatten of Burma (representing Queen Elizabeth II), Harold Wilson, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and presidents and crowned heads of state from Europe and beyond. He was buried County Wicklow. At first it was expected that President Childers' widow, Rita, would be offered the office of president to continue his work, but it went instead to the former Chief Justice, Cearbhall O Dalaigh.
One of Childers' sons, also called Erskine was a UN civil servant and Secretary General of the World Federation of United Nations Associations. A daughter by 2nd wife Rita, Nessa Childers, is a councillor for the Green Party on Dun Laoghaire-Rathdown County Council.
Political career
References
Additional reading
John N. Young, Erskine H. Childers: President of Ireland
1905 births
1974 deaths
Presidents of Ireland
Tanaisti of Ireland
Members of Dail Eireann
Politicians from London
The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie

The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie () is a 1972 French Italian Spanish comedy drama movie directed by Luis Bunuel and starring Fernando Rey, Paul Frankeur, Delphine Seyrig, Stephane Audran, Bulle Ogier, Jean-Pierre Cassel. The movie was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was a box office hit in both Europe and the US, and critically praised. It won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film and was nominated for Best Original Screenplay in 1973.
Other websites
1972 comedy-drama movies
French comedy movies
French drama movies
Italian comedy movies
Italian drama movies
Spanish comedy movies
Spanish drama movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Luis Bunuel
Movies about dreams
Movies about drugs
French-language movies
Arosio, Switzerland

Arosio is a village and former municipality of the district of Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.
On 13 March 2005 the former municipalites of Arosio, Breno, Fescoggia, Mugena and Vezio merged into the new municipality of Alto Malcantone.
Villages in Ticino
Former municipalities of Ticino
Remember Me (Diana Ross song)

"Remember Me" is a 1970 song by Diana Ross. It is the leading single from her third studio album Surrender and was written by Ashford & Simpson. It went to number 9 in Canada, number 7 in the United Kingdom and number 16 in the United States.
References
1970 songs
Diana Ross songs
Soul songs
Paula

The name Paula [ paw-luh ] is a female given name. Paula is a lovely name that has been well-liked for many years. It has an interesting background and comes from the Latin word "Paulus," which means "small" or "humble." The name Paula has been used in different cultures and languages, such as Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, and English. There are many celebrities with the name Paula, including Paula Prentiss, Paula Zahn and Paula Abdul. This name has been used in naming Atlantic hurricanes, beginning with the 2010 Atlantic hurricane season. This name was ranked #821 on the US Popular Names in 2021.
People
Paula Yates, British television presenter and writer
Paula Abdul, American singer, dancer, choreographer, actress, and television personality
Paula Radcliffe, English long-distance runner
Paula Hawkins, British writer
References
Given names
Heroes' Cemetery

Heroes' Cemetery () is the national cemetery of the Philippines. It is in Manila. The cemetery was created in 1947 as a military cemetery. The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier is in the center of the cemetery.
Other websites
Official webpage from the Philippine Veterans Affairs Office
Romulo D. Quemado II, Corps Notes, Philippine Marine Corps (archived from the original on 2008-02-13)
(coordinates)
Manila
National cemeteries
Military monuments and memorials
Buildings and structures in the Philippines
1947 establishments in Asia
20th-century establishments in the Philippines
Splatoon 2

Splatoon 2 is a 2017 shooter game developed and published by Nintendo on the Nintendo Switch. It is a sequel to Splatoon. A DLC expansion for the game, Splatoon 2: Octo Expansion, was released on the Nintendo eShop in 2018.
Gameplay
Splatoon 2 features similar gameplay to the previous entry, with players being able to shoot, jump and hide in ink. Some new weapons were added in as updates.
Plot
The Octarians, an evil race of octopi-like creatures, have stolen power sources called Zapfish from Inkopolis. The main protagonist, Agent 4, is tasked with saving them and stopping the Octarians.
DLC
In 2018, Splatoon 2 received a DLC expansion named Splatoon 2: Octo Expansion. This DLC added new story levels and new gameplay elements, as well as playable Octolings, octopus-like creatures similar to the game's squid-like Inklings.
Gameplay consists of short challenge levels, usually timed, with players being given a specific weapon. They must complete the level with that weapon.
Notes
References
2017 video games
Shooter video games
Nintendo video games
Caroline Wennergren

Caroline Wennergren, born 21 September 1985 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil is a Swedish singer. She has scored chart successes in Sweden. She participated at Melodifestivalen 2005 with the song A Different Kind of Love. The song ended up fifth in the final.
Discography
Studio albums
2005 - Bossa Supernova
2011 - Drop me Off in Harlem
Singles
2005 - A Different Kind of Love
2005 - Doing the Bossa Supernova
2005 - You And I
2010 - "Love"
2011 - "A Tisket a Tasket"
References
1985 births
Living people
Swedish singers
Crystal radio

A crystal radio, sometimes called a crystal set, is a very simple AM (or rarely FM) radio receiver, that does not need batteries to work. A long wire antenna gathers enough of the radio signals from nearby transmitters to power a crystal diode, which demodulates the signals, and plays them as sound through an earphone or small headset.
Crystal radios have come and gone many times in history. They were built in the early days of radio broadcasting by amateurs, and people who could not afford a well-made radio. They became popular again during the Great Depression, when money was scarce. During World War II, American soldiers built "foxhole radios" that used a razor blade and pencil point instead of a crystal. (German and Italian troops had equipment to detect normal superheterodyne radio receivers working, so an alternate choice was a wise one.)
After the war ended, amateurs built more crystal sets, and children began to make them as science and hobby projects. Later during the Vietnam War prisoners of war again built simple radios, and soldiers used Slinky springs as antennas.
Hobby clubs still exist, that give information to persons who want to build a crystal radio or similar radio project.
Other websites
Stay Tuned
Xtal Set Society
Foxhole Radio article at Bizarre Stuff
Radio receivers
Hobbies
Aussersihl

Aussersihl is a quarter in district 4 of the Swiss city of Zurich. Until 1893 it was a municipality on its own. It was then incorporated into Zurich.
Former municipalities of Zurich
Quarters of Zurich
Jammu and Kashmir

Jammu and Kashmir may refer to:
Kashmir, the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent
Jammu and Kashmir (union territory), a region administered by India as a union territory
Jammu and Kashmir (state), a region administered by India as a state from 1954 to 2019
Jammu and Kashmir (princely state), a princely state of the British Raj in the Indian subcontinent from 1846 to 1947
Azad Jammu and Kashmir, or Azad Kashmir, a region administered by Pakistan as an autonomous administrative division
Related pages
Kashmir conflict
Aksai Chin
Trans-Karakoram Tract
Gilgit-Baltistan
Ladakh
Kashmir (disambiguation)
Harvest Moon (video game)

Harvest Moon, known in Japan as , is a farm simulation video game made by Pack-In-Video and published by Natsume in North America and Nintendo in PAL regions. It's about a farmer who has to make a great farm before the game reaches the end. He can also get married and have a baby.
References
1996 video games
Virtual Console games
Super Nintendo Entertainment System games
David Fonseca (politician)

William Henry "David" Fonseca (1 May 1954 - 30 April 2015) was a Belizean politician and businessman. He served as the Mayor of Belize City from 1 March 1999 until 1 March 2006. He was a member of the People's United Party.
Fonseca died on 30 April 2015 in Belize City, aged 60. He committed suicide (killed himself) by shooting himself in the head.
References
1954 births
2015 deaths
Belizean politicians
Business people
Mayors
Politicians who committed suicide
Suicides by firearm
Dorset

Dorset is a county in south England which is by the sea. The biggest towns in it are Bournemouth and Poole. There are other smaller towns, some by the sea, like Weymouth, Swanage, West Bay, the Isle of Portland, Dorchester, Wareham, Lyme Regis, Blandford and Wool.
Location
Dorset is next to Devon, Somerset, Wiltshire and Hampshire.
There is a lot of countryside in Dorset, so there are quite a few farmers. Other people work in offices, shops or the holiday business. There are not many factories or industry in Dorset.
People come on holiday to Dorset because the countryside and sea is peaceful and pretty, and there are not many big towns and no cities at all. Bournemouth, Poole, Weymouth, Swanage and Lyme Regis are quite famous seaside towns, where most holidaymakers go when they come to Dorset.
Dorset coast
The Dorset coast is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Jurassic Coast. This includes famous fossil sites where Mary Anning collected, and famous landforms such as Chesil Beach.
Gallery
Ceremonial counties of England
Marionville, Missouri

Marionville is a city in Lawrence County, Missouri, United States.
Cities in Missouri
Vince Clarke

Vince Clarke (born 3 July 1960) was the original lead songwriter for Depeche Mode. He was in the band from 1980 until 1981. He formed Yazoo in late 1981 with Alison Moyet. Yazoo ended in 1983 then in late 1983 The Assembly was formed. They only made two songs. Clarke then helped his best friend Robert Marlow to make the album The Peter Pan Effect in 1983, that was later released in 1999. In 1985, he formed Erasure.
English musicians
English songwriters
1960 births
Living people
Depeche Mode members
Marley

Alejandro Wiebe (Born June 1, 1970), known by his stage name Marley, is an Argentine television host, comedian and producer. He is considered one of the most recognized conductors of Argentine television in recent times. His beginnings were on El Trece and since 2003 he has been working on the competitor channel Telefe, serving as the channel's main host.
Television
References
Other websites
Interview in Clarin
Argentine television presenters
1970 births
Living people
Argentine comedians
Telefe
Shortening

Shortening is a semisolid fat used in baking. It makes foods crumbly. Shortening doesn't smoke as easily as butter or oil, and it is 100% fat. Butter is 80% fat. It works by stopping long gluten polymers from forming in the food. It does not need to be refrigerated. It also is cheaper than butter. It can make foods last longer.
Shortening is mostly made from hydrogenated oils, which have trans fats in them. Trans fats can cause heart attacks. People making shortening try to take out the trans fats.
References
Cooking fats
Baking
Pavel Černý

Pavel Cerny (born October 11, 1962) is a former Czech football player. He has played for the Czechoslovakia national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1983/84||rowspan="6"|Spartak Hradec||||0||0||||||||||0||0
|-
|1984/85||||30||16||||||||||30||16
|-
|1985/86||||26||15||||||||||26||15
|-
|1986/87||||29||23||||||||||29||23
|-
|1987/88||rowspan="2"|First League||29||11||||||||||29||11
|-
|1988/89||30||13||||||||||30||13
|-
|1989/90||Spartak Hradec Kralove||||0||0||||||||||0||0
|-
|1989/90||rowspan="3"|Sparta Prague||rowspan="3"|First League||15||7||||||||||15||7
|-
|1990/91||22||12||||||||||22||12
|-
|1991/92||29||13||||||||||29||13
|-
|1992||rowspan="3"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||colspan="2"|-||2||2||8||2||10||4
|-
|1993||33||10||4||3||1||1||38||14
|-
|1994||34||15||1||0||1||1||36||16
|-
|1994/95||rowspan="8"|Hradec Kralove||rowspan="6"|Gambrinus liga||15||6||||||||||15||6
|-
|1995/96||26||10||||||||||26||10
|-
|1996/97||21||3||||||||||21||3
|-
|1997/98||25||4||||||||||25||4
|-
|1998/99||23||1||||||||||23||1
|-
|1999/00||29||4||||||||||29||4
|-
|2000/01||2. Liga||29||17||||||||||29||17
|-
|2001/02||Gambrinus liga||23||1||||||||||23||1
210||90||||||||||210||90
67||25||7||5||10||4||84||34
191||46||||||||||191||46
468||161||7||5||10||4||485||170
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1989||1||0
|-
|1990||2||0
|-
|1991||1||0
|-
!Total||4||0
|}
Other websites
National Football Teams
1962 births
Living people
Czech footballers
Czechoslovak footballers
Saint-Léger, Alpes-Maritimes

Saint-Leger, Alpes-Maritimes is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the south of France.
Communes in Alpes-Maritimes
Le Bois-Robert

Le Bois-Robert is a commune of 351 people (2018). It is in Normandy in the Seine-Maritime department in northwest France.
Communes in Seine-Maritime
Matilde Camus

Matilde Camus (26 September 1919 - 28 April 2012) was a Spanish poet who also wrote non-fiction. She was born in Santander, Cantabria.
Poetry
Voces ("Voices", 1969).
Vuelo de estrellas ("Stars flight", 1969).
Manantial de amor ("Love Spring", 1972)..
Bestiario poetico ("Poetic book of animals", 1973).
Templo del Alba ("Temple of Dawn", 1974).
Siempre amor ("Forever Love", 1976).
Cancionero de Liebana ("Collection of verse of Liebana", 1977).
Corcel en el tiempo ("Steed of the time", 1979).
Perfiles ("Profiles", 1980).
He seguido tus huellas ("I have followed your footprints", 1981).
Testigo de tu marcha ("Witness of your departure", 1981).
Testimonio ("Testimony", 1982).
La preocupacion de Miguel Angel ("The concern of Miguel Angel", 1982).
Tierra de palabras ("Land of words", 1983).
Coral montesino ("Chorale of Monte", 1983).
Raiz del recuerdo ("Root of remembrance", 1984).
Cristales como enigmas ("Glasses as enigma", 1985).
Sin teclado de fiebre ("Without a fever keyboard", 1986).
Santander en mi sentir ("Santander in my heart", 1989).
Sin alcanzar la luz ("Without reaching the Light", 1989).
El color de mi cristal ("The colour of my glasses", 1990).
Tierra de mi Cantabria ("Cantabria, my land", 1991).
Amor dorado ("Golden Love", 1993).
Ronda de azules ("Blue avenue", 1994).
Vuelo de la mente ("Mind flight", 1995).
Reflexiones a medianoche ("Midnight thoughts", 1996).
Mundo interior ("Inner World", 1997).
Fuerza creativa ("Creative strength", 1998).
Clamor del pensamiento ("Clamour of thought", 1999).
Cancionero multicolor ("Multicolour collection of verses", 1999).
La estrellita Giroldina ("Giroldina the star", 1999).
Prisma de emociones ("Prism of emotions", 2000).
Motivos alicantinos ("Motif from Alicante").
Other websites
"Matilde Camus Official Website"
1919 births
Spanish poets
2012 deaths
People from Cantabria
Pratovecchio Stia

Pratovecchio Stia is a comune in the Province of Arezzo in the Italian region of Tuscany. It was created on 1 January 2014 from the former municipalities of Pratovecchio and Stia.
2014 establishments in Italy
Settlements in Tuscany
Nicholas Attygalle

Sir Nicholas Attygalle, KBE, FRCS, FRCOG (14 July 1894 - 27 March 1970) was a Ceylonese academic, surgeon and a Senator. He was the President of the Senate of Ceylon from 1953 to 1960. He was the first Ceylonese Vice Chancellor of the University of Ceylon, where his nickname was "Iron Vice Chancellor".
1894 births
1970 deaths
Sri Lankan academics
Sri Lankan politicians
Surgeons
Sri Lankan scientists
Saint-Étienne-de-Montluc

Saint-Etienne-de-Montluc is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
References
Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Sérignan-du-Comtat

Serignan-du-Comtat is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.
Communes in Vaucluse
Tendon locking

Tendon locking is used by many animal species which sleep in trees or caves. It lets them sleep without falling off. The system has evolved separately in a number of vertebrates, so it is an example of parallel evolution.
Bird feet
The leg arrangement of passerine birds has a special adaption for perching: a tendon-locking mechanism. A tendon in the rear of the leg is automatically pulled and tightened when the leg bends. This makes the foot curl stiffly round when the bird lands on a branch. The tendon is locked in place by another tendon. So passerines sleep while perching without falling off.
Small mammals
Small animals which sleep in trees or caves usually hang on with their feet: they have a tendon locking device which keeps them hanging on even during sleep. It works by one tendon running down the leg shifting position slightly so it grips the tendon which closes the toes. Bats independently evolved a similar arrangement. Once the tendons are locked, the muscles in their legs and feet can relax. Even dead bats stay hanging. These various examples have evolved independently of each other: this is known from the fine details of the mechanism. One plus of a locking mechanism is that it allows attachment to slender branches on which predators might be unable to walk.
Linking behaviours
There are various group behaviours which supplement the effect of
tendon locking. The most obvious is complete silence. Starlings migrate in large groups, and they can go from making a huge noise to complete silence after landing on an overnight roost.
References
Vertebrates
Wang Xiaozhu

Wang Xiaozhu is an archer from China. She was born on 15 May 1973. Xiaozhu competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics and the 1996 Summer Olympics.
References
Other websites
1973 births
Living people
Chinese archers
Chinese Olympic silver medalists
Lindry

Lindry is a commune. It is in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
Communes in Yonne
Keacy Carty

Keacy Uydess Carty is a cricketer from Sint Maarten. He plays for the West Indies cricket team. He was born on March 19, 1997.
References
Other websites
1997 births
Living people
Sint Maarten cricketers
Léren

Leren is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Communes in Pyrenees-Atlantiques
Waterloo Bridge (1940 movie)

Waterloo Bridge is a 1940 American drama movie directed by Mervyn LeRoy and is the second adaption of the 1930 play of the same name by Robert E. Sherwood. It stars Vivien Leigh, Robert Taylor, Virginia Field, C. Aubrey Smith, Janet Waldo, Steffi Duna, Lucile Watson and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1941.
Other websites
1940 drama movies
1940s American drama movies
Movies based on plays
MGM movies
Movies directed by Mervyn LeRoy
Movies set in London
Kiyotaka Ishimaru

Kiyotaka Ishimaru (born 30 October 1973) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1996||rowspan="5"|Avispa Fukuoka||rowspan="5"|J. League 1||23||1||2||0||13||2||38||3
|-
|1997||29||4||3||2||6||0||38||3
|-
|1998||28||2||2||1||4||2||34||5
|-
|1999||16||2||2||0||3||1||21||3
|-
|2000||24||0||1||0||3||0||28||0
|-
|2001||rowspan="5"|Kyoto Purple Sanga||J. League 2||37||3||4||0||2||0||43||3
|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||26||0||5||0||5||0||36||0
|-
|2003||27||0||0||0||4||0||31||0
|-
|2004||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||34||2||1||0||colspan="2"|-||35||2
|-
|2005||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2005||rowspan="2"|Ehime||Football League||6||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||6||1
|-
|2006||J. League 2||31||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||32||1
281||16||21||3||40||5||342||24
281||16||21||3||40||5||342||24
|}
References
1973 births
Living people
Footballers from Osaka Prefecture
People from Osaka
Quesnoy-sur-Deûle

Quesnoy-sur-Deule is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 6,931 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Burt Lancaster

Burt Lancaster (November 2, 1913 - October 20, 1994), was an American actor and producer.
Career
Lancaster was born in New York. After working in a circus, he began his career in Hollywood with The Killers (1946), with Ava Gardner. Next was Brute Force (1947), in which he played Joe Collins, an inmate who plans to rebel against the prison authorities.
In the 1950s, he continued to have success in films such as The Flame and the Arrow (1950), Jim Thorpe -- All-American (1951), The Crimson Pirate (1952), From Here to Eternity (1953), The Rose Tattoo (1955), and The Devil's Disciple (1959).
The decade of the 1960s was one of the best for Lancaster. He starred in Elmer Gantry (1960), and won an Oscar for his role. In Judgment at Nuremberg (1961), he played Dr. Ernst Janning, a Nazi doctor on trial for crimes against humanity. In Birdman of Alcatraz (1962), he played Robert Franklin Stroud, a man who spent most of his life in prison.
Other major films were Il gattopardo (1963), The List of Adrian Messenger (1963), The Swimmer (1968), Airport (1970), and Scorpio (1973). In The Island of Dr. Moreau (1977), he played the evil scientist Dr. Paul Moreau who experiments with human beings.
He won two Academy Awards. One of them was for his leading role in Elmer Gantry.
European movies and television series
Lancaster had various jobs in European film and television. They included Gruppo di famiglia in un interno (1974), Novecento (1976), The Cassandra Crossing (1976), La pelle (1981), with Marcello Mastroianni, Il giorno prima (1987), La bottega dell'orefice (1989), and the TV mini-series Vater und Sohne - Eine deutsche Tragodie (1986).
Western movies
Titles included Hollywood productions as Apache (1954), Vera Cruz (1954), Gunfight at the O.K. Corral (1957), The Unforgiven (1960), The Professionals (1966), Lawman (1971), and Valdez Is Coming (1971).
Television movies and series
He also had few starring roles in television including Marco Polo (1982) (mini-series), Barnum (1986), and the TV miniseries On Wings of Eagles (1986). In On Wings of Eagles, he played Lieutenant Colonel Arthur E. 'Bull' Simons, a retired military officer who led the rescue of kidnapped civilians in the Middle East.
His three last jobs were in TV films The Phantom of the Opera (1990), Voyage of Terror: The Achille Lauro Affair (1990), and Separate But Equal (1991), with Sidney Poitier.
Other websites
Literature on Burt Lancaster
1913 births
1994 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Best Actor Academy Award winners
Actors from New York City
Movie directors from New York (state)
Movie producers from New York (state)
Grandpa Never Lies

Grandpa Never Lies is a children's book written by Ralph Fletcher with pictures drawn by Harvey Stevenson. It was first published in 2000.
Plot summary
A young girl describes her special bond with her grandfather over four seasons. The Grandfather tells creative stories in answer to her questions. Each story is followed by her saying "And Grandpa never lies, so I know it's so". Then Grandma suddenly dies and the little girl and her grandfather are sad and comfort each other.
Notes
References
Other websites
Ralph Fletcher's website
Children's books
2000 books
Yelawolf

Michael Wayne Atha (born December 30, 1979), known by his stage name Yelawolf, is an American rapper. He is of Caucasian and Cherokee descent, and his stage name Yelawolf is a reference to his Native American roots.
Yelewolf is currently signed to Shady Records and signed with them on January 12th, 2011.
Discography
Albums
Yelawolf is set to release his first studio album:
Singles
References
Other websites
Yelawolf's Official website
1979 births
Living people
American rappers
Singers from Alabama
Native American people
People from Gadsden, Alabama
Palaeoloxodon namadicus

Palaeoloxodon namadicus or the Asian straight-tusked elephant, was a species of prehistoric elephant. It ranged throughout Pleistocene Continental Southern Asia.
Extinct elephants
Fossils
Irámuco

Iramuco is a community located 17 kilometres southwest of the city of Acambaro in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico.
The original name of Iramuco is Imurac, from the Purepecha language, meaning: Hill that goes in to the lake. The ruler of this village was guatimurac (prince of the hill that goes in to the lake).
References
Settlements in Mexico
Guanajuato (state)
Stjarnan

Stjarnan F.C. (Stjarnan Knattspyrnudeild; English: Star F.C.) is an Icelandic sports club from Gardabaer. It was founded in 1960. It is best known for their association football team. The men's football team has won the Urvalsdeild once. The women's team has won it three times. The volleyball team has also won the Icelandic Championship five times.
Other websites
Official football club website
1960 establishments in Europe
Sports clubs
Sport in Iceland
Icelandic football clubs
20th-century establishments in Iceland
Oriol Junqueras

Oriol Junqueras i Vies (; born 11 April 1969) is a Spanish politician, historian and academic.
He was mayor of Sant Vicenc dels Horts. He was Vice President of Catalonia from January 2016 to October 2017. He is president of the Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC).
References
1969 births
Living people
Spanish historians
Politicians from Barcelona
MEPs for Spain
Spanish academics
Autonomous University of Barcelona alumni
Władysław Baka

Wladyslaw Baka (24 March 1936 - 3 March 2021) was a Polish economist, politician, and banker. He was the President of the National Bank of Poland from 1985 to 1988 and again from 1989 to 1991. He was a member of the Politburo of the Polish United Workers' Party from 1988 to 1989.
Baka died on 3 March 2021 at the age of 84.
References
Bankers
Polish politicians
Polish economists
1936 births
2021 deaths
Satoru Suzuki

Satoru Suzuki (born 19 July 1975) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1998||rowspan="6"|Cerezo Osaka||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||33||3||1||0||4||0||38||3
|-
|1999||21||0||2||0||4||0||27||0
|-
|2000||30||1||2||0||4||0||36||1
|-
|2001||23||0||5||0||1||0||29||0
|-
|2002||J. League 2||43||2||4||0||colspan="2"|-||47||2
|-
|2003||J. League 1||25||0||5||0||4||0||34||0
|-
|2004||rowspan="3"|Kyoto Purple Sanga||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||27||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||28||1
|-
|2005||18||2||1||0||colspan="2"|-||19||2
|-
|2006||J. League 1||5||0||0||0||0||0||5||0
225||9||21||0||17||0||263||9
225||9||21||0||17||0||263||9
|}
References
1975 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Cerezo Osaka Sakai Ladies

is a Japanese women's football team which plays in Nadeshiko League.
Club name
Cerezo Osaka Ladies: 2010-2012
Cerezo Osaka Sakai Ladies: 2013-Present
Results
Other websites
2010s establishments in Japan
2010 establishments in Asia
Cerezo Osaka