pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Deadpool (movie)

Deadpool is a 2016 American superhero comedy movie. It is based on the Marvel Comics's character Deadpool. The movie was directed by Tim Miller and it was produced by Simon Kinberg, Ryan Reynolds, and Lauren Shuler Donner. It was Miller's first movie as a director. A sequel movie titled Deadpool 2 was released in 2018.
Deadpool was first premiered at Le Grand Rex in Paris on February 8, 2016. It was released in North America on February 12, 2016. Principal photography for the movie started in Vancouver on March 23, 2015 and ended on May 29, 2015.
Plot
Wade Wilson (Ryan Reynolds) is a former Special Forces operative who now works as a mercenary. His world comes crashing down when evil scientist Ajax (Ed Skrein) tortures, disfigures and transforms him into Deadpool. The rogue experiment leaves Deadpool with accelerated healing powers and a twisted sense of humor. With help from mutant allies Colossus and Negasonic Teenage Warhead (Brianna Hildebrand), Deadpool uses his new skills to hunt down the man who nearly destroyed his life.
Cast
Ryan Reynolds as Wade Wilson / Deadpool
Morena Baccarin as Vanessa Carlysle
Ed Skrein as Francis Freeman / Ajax
T. J. Miller as Weasel
Gina Carano as Angel Dust
Brianna Hildebrand as Negasonic Teenage Warhead
Stefan Kapicic (voice) and Andre Tricateux (motion capture) as Pietr Rasputin / Colossus
Reception
The movie got positive reviews from critics and audiences. It has a 83% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Peter Travers of Rolling Stone said that the movie was "party time for action junkies" and also that Reynolds may have found the role that defines his career.
References
Other websites
Official website
2016 action movies
2016 comedy movies
2010s action comedy movies
2010s superhero movies
20th Century Fox movies
American action comedy movies
Cancer in movies
English-language movies
Nonlinear narrative movies
Movies about revenge
Movies based on comics
Movies produced by Lauren Shuler Donner
Movies produced by Simon Kinberg
Movies set in New York (state)
Screenplays by Paul Wernick
Screenplays by Rhett Reese
Self-reflexive movies
Deadpool movies
X-Men (movie series)
American superhero movies
Armen Grigoryan

Armen Grigoryan () is the front man (and main songwriter) of "Crematorium" (Krematorij) Russian rock-band.
Grigoryan was born on November 24, 1960 in Moscow. His parents were Armenian. In 1983, he formed "Crematorium" which gained a reputation throughout the former Soviet Union and began to perform at concerts all over the country. Armen Grigoryan helped the development of Russian rock music. He composes lyrics that frequently deal with the themes of life and death in various religious contexts.
Discography (solo)
Armen Grigoryan and "3' Angel" - "Kitayskij Tank" (Chinese Tank) (2006)
Other websites
Official site of Crematorium
3' Angel
1960 births
Living people
Russian singers
Armenian diaspora
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was the Yugoslav state that existed from the second half of World War II (1943) until it was formally dissolved in 1992 (de facto dissolved in 1991 with no leaders representing it) amid the Yugoslav wars. It was a socialist state and a federation made up of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia.
Josip Broz Tito ruled Yugoslavia until 1980 when he died. In June 1991 Slovenia and Croatia declared independence. By 1992, only two states still wanted a union, Serbia and Montenegro. They formed the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which was not recognized as the successor of the SFRY by international leaders.
1945 establishments in Europe
1992 disestablishments in Europe
Yugo
Yugoslavia
Former dictatorships
Tetsuya Oishi

Tetsuya Oishi (born 26 November 1979) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1998||rowspan="4"|Kawasaki Frontale||Football League||0||0||||||||||0||0
|-
|1999||J. League 2||5||0||3||0||0||0||8||0
|-
|2000||J. League 1||10||1||1||0||4||1||15||2
|-
|2001||J. League 2||5||0||0||0||2||0||7||0
|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|Ventforet Kofu||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||29||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||30||0
|-
|2003||3||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||4||0
|-
|2004||Kawasaki Frontale||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
52||1||6||0||6||1||64||2
52||1||6||0||6||1||64||2
|}
References
1979 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Vregny

Vregny is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Nadeem-Shravan

Nadeem-Shravan are a music director duo of Bollywood, a movie industry in India. The duo is made of Nadeem Saifi and Shravan Rathod.
They started their career in the late 80s. Their first big success came in 1990 with the musical film Aashiqui. Since then they have composed music for over 50 movies.
They have won four Filmfare Awards, one Star Screen Award and a Zee Cine Award in the category for Best Music Director.
Some of their biggest hits include Aashiqui (1990), Saajan (1991), Phool Aur Kaante (1991), Sadak (1991), Deewana, Hum Hain Rahi Pyar Ke (1993), Dilwale (1994), Raja (1995), Raja Hindustani (1996), Pardes (1997), Dhadkan (2000), Kasoor (2001), Andaaz (2003).
References
Other websites
Indian composers
Indian movie directors
Bollywood playback singers
Stockfish

Stockfish is the product of drying fish. In many northern countries, fish is dried to make it last longer without going bad. The dried fish, is put on woooden racks, It is exposed to air and wind. No salt is used. The wooden racks are called "hjell" in Norway. They are located on the foreshore.
The drying of food is the world's oldest known preservation method. Dried fish has a storage life of several years. The method is cheap and effective in suitable climates; the work can be done by the fisherman and family. The resulting product is easily taken to a market to be sold.
Gallery
References
Kurlansky, Mark (1997). Cod: A Biography of the Fish That Changed the World. New York: Walker. ISBN 0-8027-1326-2.
Silva, Antonio J. M. da, In the Shadow of the Salt Cod. Writing vs Staging the Stockfish History in the Iberian Peninsula, TAE - Trabalhos de Antropologia e de Etnologia , vol. 61, 2021, pp. 167-209. PDF
http://www.safetrackfood.eu/
Snack foods
Seafood
Love Games: Bad Girls Need Love Too

Love Games: Bad Girls Need Love Too is a reality television show. It first premiered on Oxygen on March 16, 2010. Its a spin-off show from the Bad Girls Club. American comedian Bret Ernst was the host of the first season. The show was renewed for its third season Second season of Bad Girls Club Tanisha Thomas began hosting the season starting with the second season. There has been three complete seasons of Love Games: Bad Girls Need Love Too'. The show is about past season "bad girls" looking for love.
References
Other websites
Bad Girls Club
American reality television series
English-language television programs
Krailling

Krailling is a municipality in the district of Starnberg in Upper Bavaria in Germany.
References
Other websites
Official website
Starnberg (district)
Android Marshmallow

Android Marshmallow is the sixth major release of Android. It was first released as a beta build on May 28, 2015 and was officially released on October 5, 2015.
References
Android (operating system)
Natasha Trethewey

Natasha Trethewey (born April 26, 1966) is an American poet and teacher. From 2012 to 2014 she was the poet laureate consultant in poetry for the Library of Congress. In 2012 she was also the poet laureate of the state of Mississippi.
She has written five books of poetry, a memoir, and a work of non-fiction. Her third poetry collection won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 2007.
She was born in Gulfport, Mississippi to an African American mother and a white Canadian father. This fact of coming from parents of different races plays an important part in her writing. After her parents' divorce, she learned that "when she was with her father she could pass for white and be treated more equally than when she was among her mother's people."
Books
Domestic Work (2000)
Bellocq's Ophelia (2002)
Native Guard (2006)
Beyond Katrina: A Meditation on the Mississippi Gulf Coast (2010)
Thrall (2012)
Monument (2018)
Memorial Drive: A Daughter's Memoir (2020)
Awards
1999 First Annual Cave Canem Foundation Poetry Prize for Domestic Work, selected by Rita Dove
2003 Fellowship from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation
2007 Pulitzer Prize for Poetry
2009 James Weldon Johnson Fellow in African American Studies at Yale's Beinecke Library
2012-2014 United States Poet Laureate
2012 Poet Laureate of Mississippi
References
1966 births
Living people
Writers from Mississippi
American poets
American teachers
Pantaleon Alvarez

Pantaleon "Bebot" Diaz Alvarez (born January 10, 1958) is a Filipino politician. He was the Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from 2016 to 2018 and represents the 1st District of Davao del Norte, the Philippines.
From 2001 to 2002, he was acting Secretary of Transportation and Communications. He is a supporter of President Rodrigo Duterte.
References
1958 births
Living people
Speakers of the House of Representatives of the Philippines
Jungo Kono

Jungo Kono (born 9 July 1982) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|2001||rowspan="3"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2002||0||0||0||0||2||0||2||0
|-
|2003||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2003||rowspan="3"|Yokohama||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||22||1||3||0||colspan="2"|-||25||1
|-
|2004||18||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||20||0
|-
|2005||19||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||19||2
|-
|2006||Mito Hollyhock||J. League 2||40||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||40||2
|-
|2007||rowspan="2"|Tokushima Vortis||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||20||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||20||1
|-
|2008||2||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
121||6||5||0||2||0||128||6
121||6||5||0||2||0||128||6
|}
References
1982 births
Living people
Footballers from Kanagawa Prefecture
Need

A need is a thing that, when a living being, plant or animal does not have it, it is not able to live.
A thing that someone wants to have, but is able to live when they do not have it, is called a want.
Every person has the same basic needs for the body.
Humans have bodily needs of water, food, clothing, and shelter to live.
The need for water is the most important because a person will die very quickly when they do not have drinking water. In a warm place food is the next most important need.
In a cold place, the need for clothes or shelter may be next most important because a person will soon die when they do not have these.
Other human needs are not so certain. They are mostly needs for the mind. It is often said that a person needs love, family, and friends. These needs are for personal relationships. They may also be wants. It is true that a life may be better with these things, but some friends can be bad, or bad sometimes. Good relationships can make life very happy. Thinking about a need that is not possible can make a person very unhappy.
Some of the study of philosophy is about questions like "What are the needs of a human?"
Some scientists study the needs of human or animal minds and bodies. The study of the mind is called psychology - words about the mind. The study of bodily needs is part of medicine.
Related pages
Economics
Wikipedia:Basic English alphabetical wordlist
Philosophy
Psychology
Lizzie Velasquez

Elizabeth Anne Velasquez (; born March 13, 1989) is an American woman whose rare medical condition has led her to become an author and public speaker.
Early life and background
She was born on 13 March 1989. Her age was reported as 23 in September 2012, a time when she was near to finishing college from Texas State University majoring in communication studies. Her birth weight was only 2 pounds 11 ounces. She was raised by her mother Rita and father Guadalupe as their first child.She 2 younger sisters. She is from Austin, Texas.
Living with NPS
Only two other people in the world are known to have the condition she is living with. The oldest woman is called Amanda and lives in England, and the youngest Abigail in the same city as Lizzie (Austin,Texas). Lizzie has no body fat, and weighs only 61 pounds. She is blind in her right eye, and has limited vision in the left eye. Her condition is like some others, especially progeria. She has some symptoms seen in progeria, like the pointy nose and aging skin, but she has more medical problems as well but it is not expected to cause her to die. Doctors and experts at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center have named it as a neonatal progeroid syndrome (NPS) which has allowed her healthy bones, organs and teeth. She should be able to bear her own children who will not live with any of the conditions she has.
Being bullied and speaking out
At times she was left out and/or insulted by her peers, and has grown up to experience online bullying. Very often she has been stared at in public. It has not always been easy for her to deal with it. She wants people to know about her condition, and her motto is "Stop Staring, Start Learning."
She has spoken at over 200 events as a motivational speaker, something she enjoys and wants to continue to do.
Books she wrote
The first book she wrote was her own life story up to 2010. Her mother and Cynthia Lee were its co-writers.
Her second book, Be Beautiful, Be You came out in September 2012. It urges people to learn that it is not appearance which matters the most, and that people should love themselves for who they are.
References
Other websites
Lizzie Velasquez's official YouTube channel
Living people
Writers from Austin, Texas
1989 births
American bloggers
Houten

Houten() is a town in Utrecht province in the Netherlands. The population of the town in 2007 was about 45,000.
Houten lies on the railway line from Utrecht to Tiel and 's Hertogenbosch. In 2004, the railway line needed fixing, but the old station building was in the way. What was done is pretty unique: the old station building was lifted off its foundations, and moved a few hundred metres to new foundations.
Many people living in Houten have jobs in Utrecht. According to plans of the government, the city should grow to about 50.000 people by 2010.
People have lived in the area since Roman times.
Other websites
Official website
Settlements in Utrecht (province)
Municipalities of Utrecht (province)
2008–09 New Jersey Devils season

The 2008-09 New Jersey Devils season was the team's 26th season in the National Hockey League since the franchise relocated to New Jersey.
Regular season
Playoffs
The Devils lost to the Carolina Hurricanes in the Conference Quarter-Finals 3 games to 4.
References
2008 in ice hockey
2009 in ice hockey
National Hockey League team seasons
2000s in New Jersey
2008 in the United States
2009 in the United States
SV Stripfing

Sportclub Stripfing/Weiden is a football club from the Lower Austrian municipality of Weikendorf in the district of Ganserndorf. As champion of the Regionalliga East they were promoted to the Second league in 2023.
History
SV Stripping was founded in 1951. The first 50 years were spent in the lower classes of Lower Austria without any notable success. In the 2011/12 season the club became champion of the 2nd class Marchfeld without defeat and was promoted to the First class. 2013 they were promoted again. 2015/16 they were promoted to the Landesliga (4th tier). In the 2018/19 season the club secured the championship title in the Landesliga with a lead of 13 points over Kremser SC after only two defeats. They were promoted to the Regionalliga Ost.
On 12 May 2023, the first championship title in the regional league was reached.After some problems (not enough youth teams, ground) SV Stripfing received the license for the 2nd football league. Despite of this the sucessfull coach Goran Djuricin left the club. He did not want to support the cooperation between SV Stripfing and Young Violets Austria Wien.
Current squad
Coaching staff
Christian Wegleitner Headcoach
Florian Sattler Assistance coach
Oliver Fuka Goalkeeper coach
References
Austrian football clubs
Football clubs of Lower Austria
Branch Davidians

The Branch Davidians, or simply, The Branch", are a religious group that split in 1955 from the Davidian Seventh-day Adventists.
The Davidians divided from the Adventists around 1930. Most of them had been removed from membership of the Seventh-day Adventist Church because of their beliefs.
The reform movement believed themselves to be living in the last millennium, when the bible prophecies of Christ's second coming. The name "Branch Davidian" is widely known for the Waco Siege of 1993 on their property near Waco, Texas. The 51-day siege, by the ATF, FBI, and Texas National Guard, resulted in the deaths of the Branch Davidians' leader David Koresh, 82 other Branch Davidian men, women, and children, and four ATF agents.
References
Other websites
The General Association of Branch Davidian Seventh Day Adventists
New religious movements
Christian denominations
1955 establishments in the United States
Cults
1950s establishments in Texas
1993 in the United States
1990s in Texas
Christian organizations based in the United States
Streptophyta

Streptophyta (), are a clade of plants. Streptophyta is most land plants and all green algae, except for the Chlorophyta, Mesostigmatophyceae, Chlorokybophyceae and Spirotaenia.
Definition
The classification of Streptophyta is different from source to source. Some include more organism groups, and others include less organism groups.
Streptophyta organisms are both unicellular and multicellular. Every living green plant is a streptophyta. The Streptophyta phylum includes green algae in freshwater and all land plants. Streptophyta reproduces sexually through conjugation.
Phylogeny
Below is all of the relations of Streptophyta.
References
Bremer, K. (1985) Summary of green plant phylogeny and classification. Cladistics 1:369-385.
Other websites
The plant tree of life: an overview and some points of view
The closest land plants relatives
Plant taxonomy
Talveila

Talveila is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and Leon in Spain.
Municipalities in Castile and Leon
Settlements in Soria
British Somaliland

British Somaliland, officially the Somaliland Protectorate (), was a British protectorate in present-day Somaliland. The territory was bordered by Darawiish, Italian Somaliland, French Somaliland and Abyssinia. From 1940 to 1941, it was occupied by the Italians and was part of Italian East Africa.
References
1884 establishments
1960 disestablishments in Africa
Former British colonies
Former colonies in Africa
History of Somalia
Raktha Sambandham (TV series)

Raktha Sambandham is an Indian Telugu-language drama television series. It stars Meghana Lokesh, Siddu, Jackie, Jyothi Reddy, and Meena Kumari. Raktha Sambandham premiered on 9 April 2018. It broadcasts in Zee Telugu and ZEE5 before TV telecast.
Plot
The story is about the loving relationship of two siblings, Krishna Prasad (Jackie) and Krishna Priya (Meena Kumari). Sharing a strong bond between them, Priya adores Krishna Prasad and is even willing to sacrifice her own happiness for her brother's needs.
Prasad's wife, Durgamma (Jyothi reddy) and Priya bcome pregnant around same time. Due to social conditions and comments, Durgamma says she will die if she doesn't give birth to a male child. Unfortunately, Durgamma gets a girl, Tulasi. Priya gives birth to a boy, Adithya. Later they are exchanged by their parents to save Durgamma's life. Only Prasad, Priya and her husband and also Prasad's mother know the truth of the children's birth.
Durgamma always boasts about her son and insults Priya and Tulasi. Tulasi always enjoys fighting with Durgamma which annoys Durgamma. Then Tulasi and Adithya fall in love with each other but Durgamma agree to get them married. the rest of the story is about how Durgamma tries to separate the loving couple and how Tulasi overcomes the hard conditions and wins Durgamma's acceptance for their wedding.
Cast
Main Cast
Meghana Lokesh as Tulasi
Siddarardh Varma as Aditya
Jackie as Krishna Prasad
Meena Kumari as Krishna Priya
Siddu as Aditya
Jyothi Reddy as Kanka Durga
Vasudha Kasul as Venkatlaxmi
Remade
This series now remade into Tamil language as Raja Magal which is airing on Zee Tamil.
Digital Release
ZEE5 launched all the episodes of Raktha Sambandham, including latest episodes, on Zee5 website and Zee5 app under their "Before TV" service.
References
Other websites
Raktha Sambandham Official Website
2018 Indian television series debuts
2010s drama television series
V. V. Giri

Varahagiri Venkata Giri commonly known as V. V. Giri, was the fourth President of India. He was also the 3rd Vice President of India. He was the President from 24 August 1969 to 24 August 1974. As President, Giri was the only person to be elected as an independent candidate. He was succeeded by Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed as President in 1974. After the end of his full term, Giri was honoured by the Government of India with the Bharat Ratna in 1975. Giri died on 24 June 1980.
Reference
Presidents of India
Governors of Karnataka
Governors of Kerala
Histology

Histology is the study of the microscopic anatomy of cells and tissues of plants and animals, particularly the tissues. It is a part of cytology, and an essential tool of biology and medicine.
Histology is usually done by looking at cells and tissues under a light microscope or electron microscope. The tissue has to be specially prepared beforehand.
The process
The stages below are only described in outline. Laboratories which do histology work from schedules which are much more detailed.
Fixing
Chemical fixatives are used to preserve tissue from decay. This preserves the structure of the cell and of sub-cellular components such as cell organelles (e.g., nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria). The most common fixative for light microscopy is formalin (4% formaldehyde in saline).
Embedding
After fixing, the block of tissue is embedded in paraffin wax. This holds and preserves the tissue as a block.
Sectioning
The section is cut into a series of wafer-thin slices, each of which is put on a glass microscope slide. The machine which cuts the block is a mechanical guillotine which can be set to cut at a suitable depth for the tissue in question.
Staining
Stains are dyes, chemicals used to make cells and tissues easy to see under a microscope. There are many tissue stains, and each of them has advantages and disadvantages.
Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)
This is the most widely used stain in biology and medicine. Haematoxylin colours cell nuclei and eosin colours cell cytoplasm.
Silver nitrate
Camillo Golgi developed a silver nitrate stain for nerve cells. His idea was used by Santiago Ramon y Cajal in his famous work on the structure of brain tissue.
Modern techniques
Electron microscopy is used often as well as light microscopy. This has its own procedures. Its advantage is that it resolves things which light cannot resolve. For example, viruses were first seen by electron microscopy..
Specialised selective stains using immunology or radioactive labelling are now routine. The advantage of using antibodies or radioactive labels is that they stick to specific kinds of molecules.
Increasingly popular is tagging with a fluorescent stain, which shows up even if a tiny part of a cell is stained. Immunoinfluorescence is the name of this particular technique.
Other websites
Anatomy
Laboratory techniques
Ursula Brauch

Ursula Brauch (born 18 October 1962) is a German rower. At the 1984 Summer Olympics, she took part in the single sculls event for women.
References
1962 births
Living people
Pages with unreviewed translations
German rowers
German Olympians
Sportspeople from Baden-Wurttemberg
People from Karlsruhe
Truckee, California

Truckee is an incorporated town in the U.S. state of California. The city is in the northeast part of the state.
Towns in California
Nevada County, California
Horgau

Horgau () is a municipality in the district of Augsburg in Bavaria in Germany.
Districts (villages) of the municipality Horgau: Horgau, Horgauergreut, Auerbach, Bieselbach, Horgau Bahnhof, Lindgraben, Schafstoss, Herpfenried
References
Other websites
Augsburg (district)
Master Chief

Master Chief Petty Officer John-117 is a fictional person. He is the main protagonist of the Halo video game series. He is also called Master Chief, or Spartan-117.
Master Chief is a player character in Halo: Combat Evolved, Halo 2, Halo 3, Halo 4, Halo 5: Guardians and Halo Infinite. He also is also featured in several novels and other games in the Halo series.
The character is never seen without his green-colored armor and helmet. He is one of the most recognizable characters from Halo. Several action figures of the character are available.
Fictional characters introduced in 2001
Halo characters
Video game protagonists
IOS 10

iOS 10 is a version of iOS released on September 13, 2016, preceded by iOS 9. iOS 10 includes new features such as 3D touch improvements, the lock screen, Emojis in Messages, Siri's compatibility to third-party apps, and many others. This is the first time Apple has dropped support for devices since iOS 8. Apple since then have a limited support for the iPhone 5, iPhone 5C, and the fourth-generation iPad.
Changes
iOS 10 supports Xserve.
Messages
The user now has the option of downloading applications from a app store in Messages.
References
Operating systems
10
Lisbet Arredondo Reyes

Lisbet Arredondo Reyes (born 22 November 1987) is a Cuban female volleyball player. She played for the Cuba women's national volleyball team. She played at the 2006 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, 2009 Women's NORCECA Volleyball Championship, 2009 Pan-American Games, 2007 Montreux Volley Masters, 2009 Montreux Volley Masters, 2010 Montreux Volley Masters, and 2010 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.
She played for Villa Clara, Volejbol Kluby Sygys, Yesilyurt, Gresik Petrokimia Volleyball Club, Hameenlinnan Pallokerho Naiset, CV Logrono, and IBSA Palmas.
References
Other websites
Former Cuban National Team member Lisbet Arredondo Reyes to reinforce Generika Ayala Lifesavers
1987 births
Living people
Cuban volleyball players
Abu Hena

Abu Hena ( - 14 November 2020) was a Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician. From 1996 to 2006, he was a member of the Jatiya Sangsad.
Hena died on 14 November 2020 in Dhaka of COVID-19.
References
2020 deaths
Bangladeshi politicians
Bangladeshi Muslims
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh
House of Bourbon-Parma

The Bourbons of Parma are a royal family who ruled the Duchy of Parma from 1748 till 1860 when Italy was created. The family was founded by the Infante Philip of Spain, third son of Philip V of Spain and Elisabetta Farnese. The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748) ended the War of the Austrian Succession, and gave the land to Philip.
Philip married Louise Elisabeth of France and the present pretending duke of Parma (Carlos/Carlo of Parma) is a direct descendant. The duchy was taken by the House of Savoy when the state of Italy was created.
Dukes and Duchesses of Parma
Dhaka Courier

The Dhaka Courier an English-language news magazine in Bangladesh. It started in 1984, so it is the longest running English language news magazine in the country. It is about politics, international affairs, economics, travel, literature, society and the arts. The Cosmos Group owns the magazine. Amanullah Khan owns the Cosmos Group. The Dhaka Courier is connected to a large news agency in Bangladesh, United News of Bangladesh.
The editor of the magazine is Shayan S Khan. Syed Badrul Ahsan, Afsan Chowdhury and M Harunur Rashid have been editors before.
References
Other websites
All Bangladeshi newspaper
1984 establishments in Asia
Magazines of Bangladesh
Issime

Issime is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.
References
Settlements in Valle d'Aosta
Fred C. Koch

Fred Chase Koch (; September 23, 1900 - November 17, 1967) was an American chemical engineer and entrepreneur who founded the oil refinery firm that later became Koch Industries, the second-largest privately held company in the United States.
Koch was born in Quanah, Texas. He died in Bear River City, Utah.
References
1900 births
1967 deaths
Engineers from Utah
Businesspeople from Texas
Koch family
Republicans (United States)
American chemical engineers
Samsung Galaxy

Samsung Galaxy is a series of mobile devices made by Samsung. Most of them are smartphones and tablet computers that run Android, an operating system made by Google. New models come out every year.
The first Samsung Galaxy phone came out in June 2009. There are many different models of phones. Each of them is different, such as in the size of their screens or what features it has, but the best of them is the Galaxy S series. The most recent Galaxy S phones are the Samsung Galaxy S23, S23+ and S23 Ultra, which were all released in February 2022. Of the other Galaxy phones, the now-discontinued Galaxy Note series has a bigger screen and a stylus pen. The most recent of these, the Galaxy Note 20 and Note 20 Ultra, were both released in August 2020.
The first Samsung Galaxy Tab came out in September 2010. The most recent are the Galaxy Tab S8, S8+, S8 Ultra and A8 10.5, which all announced in March 2022. Like the phones, there are different models of Galaxy tablets, which can have screen sizes from 7 inches all the way up to 12 inches. Some models have keyboards that plug into the device to make it easier to type, while others have a stylus, like the Galaxy Note phones. Also, although most of the Galaxy tablets use Android, some of the newer ones, such as the Galaxy TabPro S, use Windows 10 instead.
Samsung also made smartwatches under the Galaxy brand. The first of these was the Galaxy Gear, which came out in September 2013. The company has since made some new models, including the Galaxy Gear Live in June 2014, but later ones are branded as Samsung Galaxy Watch and Samsung Galaxy Active.
Besides their own products, Samsung also made the Nexus S and Galaxy Nexus phones, and the Nexus 10 tablet. These are all part of Google's own Nexus series of phones. Unlike Samsung's own phones, they have no extra mobile apps added or changes made to the user interface.
References
Samsung mobile phones
Siberian ibex

The Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica), also known as the Altai ibex or Gobi ibex, is a species of ibex that lives in central Asia.
Appearance
They are the longest and heaviest goats known, though they are surpassed in shoulder height. Males are between 88 and 110 cm (35 and 43 in) in shoulder height, and weigh between 60 and 130 kg (130 and 290 lb). Females are noticeably smaller, with heights between 67 and 92 cm (26 and 36 in), and weights between 34 and 56 kg (75 and 123 lb). Both genders have beards, though it is shorter and can be possibly absent in females. The colouration is also variable, from dark brown to light tan, with some reddish individuals.
Taxonomy
The wild goat species form a closely related group with complicated internal systematics. Externally, the various forms are distinguished mainly by the sometimes very large horns of the males, while the females are also relatively similar between species. On the basis of the horns of the males one believed for a long time to be able to distinguish different species or species groups. Alpine ibex, Siberian ibex and Nubian ibex, for example, look very similar and were considered to be particularly closely related. What remained puzzling was the fact that the ranges of these three forms are separated by those of other wild goat species. Genetic studies, however, strongly suggest that the Siberian Ibex and the Nubian Ibex each represent separate species, with the Siberian Ibex standing at the base of the genus Capra
Subspecies
Though some recent authorities treat the species as monotypic, others have recognized four subspecies, based mainly on differences in total size and size of horns:
C. s. sibirica - Sayan Mountains
C. s. alaiana - Alay Mountains
C. s. hagenbecki - western Mongolia
C. s. sakeen - Pamir Mountains, western Himalayas, India, Afghanistan and Pakistan
Habitat and Distribution
Siberian ibexes live mostly above the tree line, in areas of steep slopes and rocky scree. Most Siberian ibexes are seen in central and northern Asia, Afghanistan, western and northern China (Primarily Xinjiang), north-western India, south-eastern Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, eastern Uzbekistan, Mongolia, northern Pakistan, and south-central Russia.
References
Marilyn Beck

Marilyn Beck (December 17, 1928 - May 31, 2014) was an American columnist. Her career began in 1961. She wrote many articles about celebrities such as gossip. She worked for People and US magazines.
Beck was born in Chicago and moved to Los Angeles when she was a child.
Beck died from lung cancer in Oceanside, California, aged 85.
References
1928 births
2014 deaths
American columnists
Cancer deaths in San Diego County
Deaths from lung cancer
Writers from Chicago
Writers from Los Angeles
Cooking

Cooking is a process to make food ready to eat by heating it.
Raw food is food that is not cooked. Some foods are good to eat raw. Other foods are not good for the body when they are raw, so they must be cooked. Some foods are good to eat either raw or cooked.
Methods
Cooking is often done in a kitchen using a stove or an oven. It can also be done over a fire (for example, over a campfire or on a barbecue).
The heat for cooking can be made in different ways. It can be from an open fire that burns wood or charcoal. It can be on a stove or in an oven that uses propane, natural gas, or electricity.
There are several different ways to cook food. Boiling cooks food in hot water. Frying (deep or shallow) cooks food in hot butter, fat or oil. Baking and roasting cook food by surrounding it with hot air. Grilling means cooking food on a metal grill that has heat under it.
People often cook meat by boiling, roasting, frying, or grilling it. Some foods such as bread or pastries are usually baked.
Usually food is cooked in some kind of pot or pan. Sometimes people cook food by putting it directly into the fire, or by wrapping the food in leaves before they put it into the fire.
Cooks
A person whose job it is to cook food may be called a cook or a chef. The word cooker means a machine or tool that a cook might use to cook food. Rice cookers and pressure cookers are examples.
Basic English 850 words
Harry van Raaij

Hendrikus Jacobus Maria "Harry" van Raaij (29 August 1936 - 16 November 2020) was a Dutch businessman. He was the chairman of PSV Eindhoven, a Dutch sports club, between 1996 and 2004. Van Raaij was born in Haps, Netherlands. He was a manager at Philips.
Van Raaij died on 16 November 2020 at the age of 84.
References
1936 births
2020 deaths
Dutch businesspeople
Trelleborg

Trelleborg is a town in the county of Scania in Sweden. It is the seat of Trelleborg Municipality.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Skane County
DeForest Kelley

Jackson DeForest Kelley (January 20, 1920 - June 11, 1999) was an American actor.
Roles
Kelley is most famous for his role as Dr. Leonard McCoy of the USS Enterprise in the television series Star Trek and the six movies that followed.
Also known as well as an older Admiral Dr. Leonard McCoy, Star Fleet Surgeon General Emeritus, in the Star Trek: The Next Generation television pilot, "Encounter at Farpoint".
Other websites
1920 births
1999 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Atlanta
Deaths from stomach cancer
Shaun White

Shaun Roger White (born September 3, 1986 in San Diego, California, United States.) is an American professional snowboarder and skateboarder. He is a two-time Olympic gold medalist. He holds the X Games records for gold medals and highest overall medal count. He has also won 10 ESPY Awards. Nowadays he is a professional snowboarder and skateboarder. He still holds the world record for the most Olympic gold medals in halfpipe snowboarding with a total of three gold medals. He began snowboarding at 5 years old at snow summit. Shaun is immensely proud of the earliest Olympic gold medal he earned in 2006
White was born in San Diego, California on September 3, 1986. His ancestry includes Irish and Italian.
References
Other websites
Official Site of Shaun White
Shaun White's U.S. Olympic Team bio
AP Winter Games Athlete Profile: Shaun White
Shaun White Project X Private Halfpipe Video
Snowboardermag.com -- interviews and videos
Shaun White Interview: Pop Magazine
1986 births
Living people
American skateboarders
Sportspeople from San Diego, California
American snowboarders
American Olympic gold medalists
Seward, Nebraska

Seward is a city in the U.S. state of Nebraska. It is the county seat of Seward County.
Cities in Nebraska
County seats in Nebraska
Sazeret

Sazeret is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
Toni Braxton (album)

Toni Braxton is the self-titled record by the Toni Braxton. It was released in July 1993. Songs on the album include "Breathe Again", "I Belong to You" and "You Mean the World to Me".
Track listing
1993 albums
Pop albums
Zhoukou

Zhoukou () is a prefecture-level city in eastern Henan province, China. In 2010, 8,953,793 people lived there.
Administration
Zhoukou administers 1 district, 1 county-level city and 8 counties.
Chuanhui District (Chuan Hui Qu )
Xiangcheng City (Xiang Cheng Shi )
Huaiyang County (Huai Yang Xian )
Shenqiu County (Chen Qiu Xian )
Dancheng County (Dan Cheng Xian )
Luyi County (Lu Yi Xian )
Taikang County (Tai Kang Xian )
Fugou County (Fu Gou Xian )
Xihua County (Xi Hua Xian )
Shangshui County (Shang Shui Xian )
Other websites
Government website of Zhoukou (in Simplified Chinese)
Cities in China
Henan
Ramón Martínez Pérez

Ramon Martinez Perez (6 February 1929 - 6 January 2017), also known as Romani, was a Spanish footballer. He played as a midfielder for Sevilla and Granada of La Liga. He also played for CD Malaga and made two appearances for the national team in 1952.
Martinez Perez died on 6 January 2017 at the age of 87.
References
Other websites
Ramon Martinez Perez at Footballdatabase
1929 births
2017 deaths
Spanish footballers
Melilla
Hip hop soul

Hip hop soul is a subgenre of hip hop, contemporary R&B, soul, and new jack swing.
Characteristics
Hip hop soul first started as a genre that fused hip hop with soul music. Some of the best songs of hip hop soul include "I'll Make Love to You", "Lonely", "Swim Good" and "Can't Be Without You". It was very popular at first. Then, it began to lose commercial success because of its late sexual lyrics and dark themes.
Notable hip hop soul artists
Fusion music genres
Hip hop genres
Soul music
R&B music
Brainfuck

The brainfuck programming language is an esoteric (weird and unusual) programming language. It was created by Urban Muller in 1993. It has eight instructions (commands) which operate (do things on) a tape. Instructions are done one by one, in order. The tape has multiple sections. Each section is a number. Each section is, in the beginning, zero. Brainfuck is like a Turing machine.
Instruction table
Examples
[-]If the current section is not zero, these three commands subtract one until the current section is zero. Otherwise, they leave it at zero. +++--These five commands first add three to the current section. Then, they subtract two from the current section. Since , these five commands are the same as "+" alone.
Derivatives
As a result of brainfuck's fame, many derivatives (versions) of brainfuck have been created. These include Brain-Flak, pbrain, and tinyBF. Most are also Turing complete, just like brainfuck.
References
Programming languages
Jason Bay

Jason Raymond Bay (born September 20, 1978) is a Canadian-American former professional baseball left fielder. Bay played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Diego Padres, Pittsburgh Pirates, Boston Red Sox, New York Mets and Seattle Mariners. Bay was the National League Rookie of the Year in 2004 and he won the Silver Slugger Award in 2009. He is a three-time MLB All-Star and a three-time Tip O'Neill Award winner as the best Canadian baseball player.
Career
San Diego Padres (2003)
Bay debuted with the Padres on May 23, 2003, getting his first major league hit, a home run, in the ninth inning. Two days later, he suffered a broken right wrist after being hit by a pitch.
Pittsburgh Pirates (2003-2008)
On August 26, 2003, Bay was traded to the Pittsburgh Pirates, along with Oliver Perez and Cory Stewart in exchange for Brian Giles. He finished the season with a .287 batting average, four home runs, and 14 RBI in 30 games.
Boston Red Sox (2008-2009)
On July 31, 2008, Bay and a player to be named later (Josh Wilson)[8] were traded to the Boston Red Sox in a three team deal that sent Manny Ramirez to the Los Angeles Dodgers and Andy LaRoche with Bryan Morris to the Pittsburgh Pirates from the Dodgers and Brandon Moss with Craig Hansen to the Pirates from the Red Sox.
1978 births
American League All-Stars
American baseball players
Boston Red Sox players
Canadian baseball players
Living people
National League All-Stars
Naturalized citizens of the United States
New York Mets players
People from Trail, British Columbia
Pittsburgh Pirates players
San Diego Padres players
Seattle Mariners players
Sportspeople from British Columbia
Dolton, Illinois

Dolton is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Back to December

"Back to December" is a song written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift. The song was produced by Nathan Chapman and Swift. It is from her third studio album, Speak Now (2010).
The song was released in the United States on November 14, 2010. It was the second single from Speak Now. According to Swift, "Back to December" is the first time she ever apologizes to someone in a song. The song is about breakup and wanting to go back to former times. Its lyrics are a remorseful plea for forgiveness for breaking up with a former lover. This single got very high reviews from the critics. It was a hit in the United States in 2010. It peaked at #3 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart and at #6 on the Hot 100 chart.
References
Other websites
2010 songs
2010s ballads
Pop ballads
Country ballads
Taylor Swift songs
Country pop songs
Nasal hair

Nasal hair are small hair-like cells in the nose. Most of them can be found near the nostrils. The purpose of these hairs is to act as a filter, keeping dust and dirt out of the nasal passages. They also draw liquid mucus up from the epithelium by capillary action. In that way, they help to maintain humidity in the air passages and stop them from drying out. The hairs trap moisture as air is breathed out. The evaporation of trapped moisture on the hairs increases the humidity of air as it is breathed in. Note that nasal hair is different from the cilia found in the nose, which are part of the olfactory system.
Some cultures consider nose hair coming out from the nostrils to be ugly. The increased growth of nasal cilia with age (particularly for men) is often a source of anxiety and embarrassment. A number of devices have been sold to trim the nose hair, including small rotary clippers and attachments for electric shavers. However, given the role of nasal cilia, many doctors recommend trimming them lightly, if at all. There is evidence that the movement in the ciliar slows down with age. This may be the reason that old people have more respiratory infections.
Hair
Nose
Conference

A conference is an event where people get together to discuss things. For example, scientists usually present their findings at conferences. Many other types of people other than scientists attend conferences also. Business people sometimes come together to talk about things. International business conferences are very common because it allows individuals to showcase their knowledge to the world. Using modern media, like the Internet, or the telephone people can talk to each other that are not in the same place. This is then called a conference call. Very often, digital video cameras can be used to transmit images, as well as sound.
References
Communication
A Journey

A Journey is a book written by former British Prime Minister Tony Blair. It is about Tony Blair's time as leader of the Labour Party (1994-2007) and Prime Minister (1997-2007).
The book was published on September 1, 2010. All money made by the book was donated to the Royal British Legion, which is a charity that financially and socially helps people who have served or are serving in the British Armed Forces. The book is 624 pages long and has received mixed reviews from critics.
Autobiographies
Le Mazis

Le Mazis is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Humboldt, Iowa

Humboldt is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Meulebeke

Meulebeke is a municipality in the Belgian province of West Flanders.
In 2007, 10,983 people lived there.
It is at 50deg 57 North, 03deg 17 East.
References
Municipalities of West Flanders
V-type asteroid

V-type asteroids or Vestoids are asteroids that are similar to 4 Vesta. It is the largest asteroid in this class. This is where the name "V-type" comes from.
Asteroids
Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist)

The CPN (Unified-Socialist) () is a political party in Nepal. The party was officially announced and registered at Election Commission, Nepal on 18 August 2021. Madhav Kumar Nepal is the coordinator of the new party. As of August 2021, the this party was junior ally in Deuba government.
Formation
The President of Nepal issued second amendment on political parties related act on 18 August 2021. This opened the way to formalize the splits inside the dispute between two factions of Janata Samajbadi Party, Nepal and CPN(UML) respectively. The CPN(UML) faction led by Madhav Kumar Nepal, which had a long dispute with CPN(UML) chairman KP Sharma Oli, registered their party by the name 'CPN-UML (Socialist)' with the Election Commission. At the time of the launch of the CPN-UML (Socialist), the party claimed to have 31 members in the two national houses of parliament.
A Central Committee with 95 members was announced as well. Madhav Kumar Nepal would act as the coordinator of the party.
References
Communist parties in Asia
Political parties in Nepal
21st-century establishments in Nepal
2021 establishments in Asia
Royal Palace of Aranjuez

The Royal Palace of Aranjuez () is one of the places the King of Spain lives. It is in the town of Aranjuez, Community of Madrid, Spain. The palace is open to the public as one of the Spanish royal sites.
It was originally the site of a medieval hunting lodge. Philip II built it as a modest summer palace. The palace was designed by Juan Bautista de Toledo and Juan de Herrera who also designed El Escorial. Later kings kept adding to it. It was completed during the reign of Ferdinand VI in the mid-18th century. Charles III added two wings to it. By that time the palace had over 300 rooms.
The Royal Palace of Aranjuez was one of 100 finalists for the 12 Treasures of Spain in 2007.
Gallery
References
Other websites
Real Sitio de Aranjuez
Jardin del Palacio de Aranjuez - a Gardens Guide review
Pictures of Royal Palace in Aranjuez
Palaces in Spain
World Heritage Sites in Spain
Art museums in Spain
Community of Madrid
FBI search of Mar-a-Lago

On August 8, 2022, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) performed a search warrant at Mar-a-Lago, the personal residence of former U.S. president Donald Trump in Palm Beach, Florida. The search was about a safe owned by Trump that might have had classified documents from the White House when Trump was president. Trump was at Trump Tower in New York City during the search.
The White House said that President Joe Biden did not know about the search before it happened.
Many Republicans including Marco Rubio, Ron DeSantis, Mike Pence, Marjorie Taylor Greene and Kevin McCarthy and some Democrats including Tulsi Gabbard, Andrew Cuomo and Andrew Yang did not support the FBI raid and criticized the FBI.
References
2022 in the United States
2020s in Florida
August 2022 events
Donald Trump
Federal Bureau of Investigation