pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Wood Buffalo National Park

Wood Buffalo National Park is a national park and the largest one in Canada. The park is in northeastern Alberta and southern Northwest Territories.
It was named as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983 because of its biological diversity. The Peace-Athabasca Delta is one of the world's largest freshwater deltas, as well as having a population of wild bison.
Inside the park is the only natural nesting habitat for the endangered whooping crane. The park is also populated by moose, wood bison, black bear, wolf, lynx, beaver, brown bear, snowshoe hare, sandhill crane, ruffed grouse, and the world's northernmost population of red-sided garter snakes.
Other websites
Wood Buffalo National Park; Parks Canada
Wood Buffalo National Park; UNESCO
Geography of British Columbia
Northwest Territories
National parks in Canada
Dark-sky preserves
World Heritage Sites in Canada
Cavaliers

Cavaliers was a nickname for the people who fought for King Charles I of England during the English Civil War. They fought against the Roundheads and Parliament. At first the name applied only to the royalist cavalry; the words are similar because they were originally the same word.
17th century in England
Winners and Sinners

Winners and Sinners (, also known as 5 Lucky Stars) is a 1983 Hong Kong action comedy movie directed by Sammo Hung (who also stars) and starring Jackie Chan, John Shum, Richard Ng, Charlie Chin, Stanley Fung, Cherie Chung, Yuen Biao. It was distributed by Golden Harvest Pictures.
Other websites
1983 action movies
1983 comedy movies
Hong Kong movies
Movies directed by Sammo Hung
Golden Harvest movies
Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg

Karl Theodor Maria Nikolaus Johann Jacob Philipp Franz Joseph Sylvester Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg, known as Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg, was a German politician. He was born in Munich, Bavaria, on 5 December 1971.
In 2009 he became Federal Minister for Economics and Technology, and after eight months became Federal Minister for Defence on 28 October 2009. He was really popular, but then people found that he cheated during his time at university. The university took away his doctorate, and he decided to resign as a minister on 28 February 2011. On 3 March 2011, he was formally discharged as Minister of Defence and introduced his successor, Dr Thomas de Maiziere as the new minister. He resigned as a member of the Bundestag on the same day.
His wife Stephanie zu Guttenberg is a member of the Bismarck family.
References
1971 births
Living people
Members of the German Bundestag
German nobility
German Roman Catholics
Government ministers of Germany
Politicians from Munich
Politicians of the Christian Social Union of Bavaria
Order of Lenin

The Order of Lenin (Russian: Orden Lenina, Orden Lenina), named after Vladimir Lenin, was the highest order bestowed by the Soviet Union. The order was awarded to:
Civilians for outstanding services rendered to the State,
Members of the armed forces for exemplary service,
Those who promoted friendship and cooperation between peoples and in strengthening peace
Those with meritorious services to the Soviet state and society
The order was established by the Central Executive Committee on April 6, 1930. It was disestablished in 1991, because of the fall of the Soviet Union.
Other websites
Legal Library of the USSR
1930 establishments
1991 disestablishments in the Soviet Union
Orders, decorations, and medals of the Soviet Union
20th-century establishments in the Soviet Union
Christie Blatchford

Christie Blatchford (May 20, 1951 - February 12, 2020) was a Canadian newspaper columnist, journalist and broadcaster. Notable publications she wrote for include Toronto Sun, National Post and The Globe and Mail. She also published four non-fiction books. She was born in Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec.
Blatchford died of lung cancer in Toronto, Ontario on February 12, 2020. She was 68.
References
1951 births
2020 deaths
Canadian columnists
Cancer deaths in Ontario
Deaths from lung cancer
Writers from Quebec
Writers from Toronto
Irene, South Dakota

Irene is a city in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is located in three counties: Clay County, Turner County, and Yankton County. It became a city in 1895, and 420 people lived there at the 2010 census.
References
Cities in South Dakota
1895 establishments in the United States
1890s establishments in South Dakota
Lower Silesian and Opole (European Parliament constituency)

Lower Silesian and Opole (), officially called Poland's 12th European Parliament constituency (), is a European Parliament constituency in Poland. It represents the Lower Silesian and Opole Voivodeships. It was created in 2004.
Election results
References
European Parliament constituencies in Poland
Brazilian coastal tree frog

The Brazilian coastal tree frog (Dendropsophus decipiens) is a frog that lives on the east coast of Brazil.
References
Frogs of South America
Salinõmme

Salinomme is a village in Puhalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia.
Villages in Hiiu County
Kevin Curran (writer)

Kevin Patrick Curran (February 27, 1957 - October 25, 2016) was an American television comedy writer. He is best known for writing for Late Night with David Letterman, Married... with Children and The Simpsons. He had 20 Emmy Award nominations to his name.
Curran was born in Hartford, Connecticut. He was in a relationship with British author Helen Fielding from 1999 until his own death in 2016. The couple had two children.
On October 25, 2016, Curran died of cancer in West Hollywood, California. He was 59.
References
Other websites
1957 births
2016 deaths
American television writers
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles County, California
Emmy Award winners
Writers from Hartford, Connecticut
Álfheimr

Alfheim is a place in Norse mythology. It is the home of the Light Elves.
Places in Norse mythology
Jean Plaskie

Jean Plaskie (24 August 1941 - 18 September 2017) was a Belgian former football player. He was born in Brussels, Belgium.
He played for R.S.C. Anderlecht and the Belgium. He played in the match Belgium-Netherlands in 1964 with 10 fellows from the Anderlecht team after the substitution of goalkeeper Delhasse by Jean Trappeniers.
Plaskie died on 18 September 2017 in Brussels at the age of 76.
References
Other websites
1941 births
2017 deaths
Belgian footballers
Sportspeople from Brussels
University Press of Kansas

The University Press of Kansas is a publisher in Lawrence, KS that represents the six state universities in the US state of Kansas: Emporia State University, Fort Hays State University, Kansas State University (K-State), Pittsburg State University, the University of Kansas (KU), and Wichita State University.
History
The press was created in 1946. There were big changes in 1967 and 1976. Today, it operates as a consortium with representation from each of the participating universities. The press is on the west part of the KU campus.
The press mostly publishes books about American politics and military history. They also publish books about the region around it.
Notes
References
Other websites
Official website
20th-century establishments in Kansas
1946 establishments in the United States
University presses
Publishing companies of the United States
Lawrence, Kansas
Companies based in Kansas
Sketch comedy

Sketch comedy is comedy performed by a small group of people in a small amount of time. The difference between a Sketch and a skit is that a skit has only one joke.
Comedy
Sukham

Sukham is a Meetei Manipuri surname or family name which has Indian origin. People of this family mainly inhabit in Manipur, India.
References
Meitei surnames
Daisy Duck

Daisy Duck is a cartoon character created in 1940 at Walt Disney Animation Studios. Daisy is the girlfriend of Donald Duck. She is characterized by a big hairbow on her head. Her best friend is Minnie Mouse. Minnie Mouse is Mickey Mouse's girlfriend.
Daisy made her official debut (an earlier love interest for Donald called Donna was introduced in the 1937 short 'Don Donald') in the 1940 short Mr. Duck Steps Out.
She likes shopping and she is a showboat. Daisy Duck is popular among women though she has made relatively few appearances in media compared to Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck..
Related pages
Walt Disney Pictures
List of Disney movies
Fictional characters introduced in 1940
Duck, Daisy
Duck, Daisy
Southside, Alabama

Southside is a city in Etowah county in the U.S. state of Alabama. It is part of the Gadsden Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 7,036 at the 2000 census.
Cities in Alabama
Platte County, Nebraska

Platte County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 census, 32,237 people lived there. The county seat is Columbus. It was created in 1855.
References
1855 establishments in Nebraska Territory
Nebraska counties
Oriya Wikipedia

The Odia Wikipedia is the Odia-language edition of Wikipedia. This edition was started in June 2002. As of April 2015, it has over 8,728 articles.
References
Other websites
Odia Wikipedia main page
Wikipedias
Websites established in 2002
Riscle

Riscle is a commune in the Gers department. It is in southwestern France. On 1 January 2019, the former commune of Cannet became a part of Riscle.
Related pages
Communes of the Gers department
References
Communes in Gers
KRRL

KRRL (92.3 FM) - branded Real 92.3 - is a commercial urban contemporary radio station licensed to Los Angeles, California, serving much of the Greater Los Angeles area. Owned by iHeartMedia, KRRL serves as the flagship for Big Boy's Neighborhood. The KRRL studios are located in the Los Angeles suburb of Burbank, while the station transmitter resides on Mount Wilson. Besides a standard analog transmission, KRRL broadcasts over three HD Radio channels, and is available online via iHeartRadio.
Urban contemporary radio stations in the United States
Companies based in Los Angeles
Hirosaki

is a Japanese city in Aomori Prefecture on the island of Honshu.
History
Hirosaki was a castle town (Cheng Xia Ting ) of the Tsugaru clan. The town grew up around Hirosaki Castle, which was built in 1601.
City emblem
Hirosaki uses the swastika (manji ) as official symbol. This came from the flag emblem of the Tsugaru clan in Edo period.
Geography
Hirosaki is located in the southwest part of Aomori Prefecture. It is in the south of Mount Iwaki; and it is along the border with Akita Prefecture.
References
Other websites
Hirosaki City website
Cities in Japan
Settlements in Aomori Prefecture
Experience

Experience is knowledge a person gets by doing something or watching someone else do it. Experience is learning through actions.
Some religious groups and teaching methods value learning by experiencing.
For example, if someone wants to learn about the game chess, they would play several games. By making mistakes and learning from them, they learn more rather than just reading about playing.
Types of experience
Experience is often divided into four types:
Someone who experienced by watching or doing something himself is said to have first-hand experience.
When one person tells another person, the other person has second-hand experience.
When an experience is felt or enjoyed through imagined participation, the person has had a "vicarious experience".
A religious experience is a spiritual event seen by someone. Holy books like the Bible talk about visions or dreams where men like Moses, Daniel or Jesus met God. Mystics also describe these events, and offer advice. William James wrote a famous book about the kinds of religious experience.
Proverbs about Experience
"Only the foolish learn from experience -- the wise learn from the experience of others." Romanian proverb. (Fools go out, make their own mistakes and learn from them. Smart people learn from others' mistakes.)
"Experience keeps a dear school, but fools will learn in no other." Benjamin Franklin (Fools refuse to learn in school from textbooks or teachers. Fools choose to learn only from their own mistakes. They will not learn in a school classroom.) or (Experience is a great teacher and teaches many of life's most important lessons, but only fools will refuse to get new knowledge in other ways too. Examples of other ways to learn things are listening, reading, remembering, and reasoning.)
Related pages
A priori and a posteriori
Empiricism
Other websites
http://www.primeguru.com (Site discontinued) Learn from other's experiences and let others learn from your experiences
Basic English 850 words
Everyday life
Tadeusz Borowski

Tadeusz Borowski (; 12 November 1922 - 3 July 1951) was a Polish writer and journalist. He was known for writing poems about war and stories about his time as a prisoner at Auschwitz.
On July 3, 1951, at the age of 28, Borowski died by suicide by inhaling gas from a gas stove. His wife had given birth to their daughter, Malgorzata, a few days before his death.
References
1922 births
1951 deaths
Polish Jews
Polish journalists
Writers from Warsaw
Holocaust survivors
Polish poets
Suicides by gas
Writers who committed suicide
Koki Habata

Koki Habata (born 22 July 1983) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||2||0||0||0||0||0||2||0
|-
|2003||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2004||Sagan Tosu||J. League 2||22||4||0||0||colspan="2"|-||22||4
24||4||0||0||0||0||24||4
24||4||0||0||0||0||24||4
|}
References
1983 births
Living people
Footballers from Wakayama Prefecture
Matthew Wolfenden (actor)

Matthew Wolfenden (born 5 May 1980) is an English actor, best known for his role as David Metcalfe in the British soap opera Emmerdale.
Wolfenden was born in Norwood Green, West Yorkshire. He was educated at Brighouse High School.
Career
Wolfenden was a member of the British gymnastics squad until, aged 16, he fell whilst practising on the rings and broke his back. This prevented his continuing gymnastics and he turned to acting.
References
Other websites
1980 births
Living people
English television actors
People from Yorkshire
Winnetka, Illinois

Winnetka () is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States, located 16 miles north of downtown Chicago. The population was 12,187 at the 2010 census. In 2015, Winnetka was ranked the richest municipality in Illinois and the second richest in the United States (behind Scarsdale, New York). The area is one of the most exclusive and wealthy suburbs in the nation.
References
Other websites
Village of Winnetka official website
Winnetka Public School District
Winnetka Historical Society
Winnetka Historical Society: History of Buildings
Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Democratic Party (Serbia)

The Democratic Party (, Demokratska stranka, ) is a center-left and social-democratic political party in Serbia. It claims continuity of the historical Democratic Party.
The Democratic Party is a member of the Socialist International and Party of European Socialists. Former President of Serbia Boris Tadic was a member of the Democratic Party until 2014.
Socialist International
Social democratic parties in Europe
Political parties in Serbia
John Cullum

John Cullum (born March 2, 1930) is an American actor and singer.
Early life
Cullum was born in Knoxville, Tennessee. He studied at the University of Tennessee.
Career
Cullum's career began in 1960 in a debut role in the musical Camelot.
He has appeared in many stage musicals and dramas, including On the Twentieth Century (1978) and Shenandoah (1975), winning the Tony Awards for Best Leading Actor in a Musical for each.
He played Holling Vincoeur on the television drama series Northern Exposure (6 seasons). It earned him an Emmy Award nomination as Best Supporting Actor in a Drama. He was featured in fifteen episodes of the NBC television series ER as Mark Greene's father. He was the farmer in the landmark television drama The Day After.
He has made multiple guest appearances on Law & Order and Law & Order: Special Victims Unit as attorney, now judge, Barry Moredock, and appeared as Big Mike in several episodes of The Middle.
Recently, Cullum appeared in Casa Valentina (2014), Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt (2015) and in Christine (2016).
In 1975, he won a Drama Desk Award.
Personal life
Cullum has been married to Emily Frankel since 1959. They have one son, JD Cullum (John David Cullum), who is also an actor.
References
Other websites
John Cullum fansite
Star File: John Cullum
Drama Desk Award winners
Tony Award winning actors
1930 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Knoxville, Tennessee
Singers from Knoxville, Tennessee
Al-Qa'im (Fatimid caliph)

Muhammad al-Qaim Bi-Amrillah (893 - 17 May, 946) () was the second Caliph of the Fatimids in Ifriqiya and ruled from 934 to 946. He is the 12th Imam according to Isma'ili Faatemi faith.
Al-Qaim (sometimes also spelled Ka'im) was born in Salamya in Syria in 895 with the name Abd ar-Rahman. After his father Ubayd Allah al-Mahdi Billah (910-934) seized power in Ifriqiya he was named heir to the throne in 912, and helped put down several revolts. But campaigns into Egypt failed because of the resistance of the Abbasids (914-915 and 919-921).
In 934 Al-Qaim succeeded his father as Caliph. The Fatimid realm became an important power in the Mediterranean. After the re-conquest of Sicily the Byzantine province of Calabria and the coast of Italy and France were .
But from 944 to 947 there was a crisis by the revolt of Abu Yazid, who had united the Kharijite Berber tribes of eastern Algeria and overrun Ifriqiya. Imam Al-Qaim was able to hold out in Mahdia with the help of the navy for over a year, but died (17 May 946) before the revolt could be put down.
He was succeeded by his son Ismail al-Mansur (946-953).
He died on 13 th Shawwal 334 AH (Mahdiyya)/ 17th May 946 AD
Other websites
Imam al-Qaaim, the 12th Fatimi Imam.
893 births
946 deaths
Caliphs
Coleen Gray

Coleen Gray (October 23, 1922 - August 3, 2015) was an American movie, stage and television actress.
She was known for her roles in Nightmare Alley, Kiss of Death, Red River, and in The Killing. She began her acting career in 1944. Gray retired in 1988.
Gray was born in Staplehurst, Nebraska. She studied at Hamlin University.
Gray was married to Rodney Amateau from 1945 until they divorced in 1949. Then, she was married to William Bidlack from 1953 until his death in 1978. They had a son, Bruce Bidlack. She was last married to Fritz Zeiser from 1979 until his death in 2012.
Gray died in Los Angeles, California, aged 92.
Other websites
1922 births
2015 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Nebraska
Salgesch

Salgesch () is a municipality in the district of Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Gallery
References
Other websites
Official Website
Pfynwald
Municipalities of Valais
John Wall (inventor)

John Wall (26 June 1932 - 27 January 2018) was an English design engineer, amateur astronomer, and amateur telescope maker. He was a member of the British Astronomical Association until his death in 2018. He was known for designing dialyte based refracting telescopes, coming up with the Zerochromat.
Wall died on 27 January 2018 in Coventry, Warwickshire at the age of 85.
References
Other websites
A New Refractor Concept: "The Wall Hypochromatic Refractor"
The John Wall 30-inch refractor.
The Crayford eyepiece mounting by John Wall - Journal of the British Astronomical Association, 81 (2), 118, February 1971
Crayford focusers
Crayford Eyepiece Mount
astronomics.com's description of how the Crayford Focuser works
1932 births
2018 deaths
British engineers
English inventors
English astronomers
People from Kent
False Identity (1947 movie)

False Identity (French: Fausse identite) is a 1947 French crime movie directed by Andre Chotin. It stars Louise Carletti, Georges Rollin, Raymond Bussieres, Frank Villard, Simone Deguyse, Marie Bizet and Renee Devillers.
Other websites
1947 crime movies
French crime movies
Movies directed by Andre Chotin
Mergoscia

Mergoscia is a municipality of the district Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. The village is found above Lago di Vogorno in the Verzasca valley.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Ticino
Labatie-d'Andaure

Labatie-d'Andaure is a commune in the Ardeche departement in southern France.
Communes in Ardeche
Álvaro Morata

Alvaro Borja Morata Martin (born 23 October 1992) is a Spanish football player. He plays as a striker for Atletico Madrid and the Spain national team.
References
1992 births
Living people
Footballers from Madrid
Association football forwards
Real Madrid players
Chelsea F.C. players
Premier League players
UEFA Euro 2016 players
2022 FIFA World Cup players
Autonomous republic

An autonomous republic is a type of administrative division similar to a province. Many autonomous republics are in countries that used to be part of the Soviet Union. The most are in Russia.
Political subdivisions
Provin

Provin is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 4,403 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Eric Hargan

Eric David Hargan (born June 3, 1968) is an American lawyer. From October 2017 to January 2018, he was the acting United States Secretary of Health and Human Services. He is the current United States Deputy Secretary of Health and Human Services, assuming office on October 6, 2017. Hargan previously acted in this role from 2003 to 2007 in the George W. Bush administration.
On October 10, 2017, President Donald Trump appointed Hargan as acting United States Secretary of Health and Human Services.
References
1968 births
Living people
Lawyers from Illinois
Politicians from Illinois
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Subphylum

A subphylum is a rank in the Linnaean taxonomy of biological groups. Normally the ranks go phylum > class > order etc. However, sometimes extra steps are needed, and if so, a subphylum ranks immediately below a phylum.
Taxonomy
Terminology

Terminology is the study of terms and their use. Terminology studies the "labelling or designating of concepts" in one or more subject fields or areas of human activity. Terms are words and compound words that are used in specific contexts. Terminology studies among other things how such terms of art come to be and their interrelationships within a culture.
Overview
Work on terminology consists mainly of:
analyzing the concepts in a field of activity
identifying the terms given to the concepts
establishing correspondences between terms in different languages
putting the terminology onto a database
creating new terms, as required
Related pages
Concept
Jargon
Cordillera Department

The Cordillera department () is a department of Paraguay. The capital is the city of Caacupe. Its ISO 3166-2 code is PY-03.
Geography
The Cordillera department is in the Oriental region. It has an area of , the largest of the Oriental region, with a population of 282,981 for a population density of .
Limits
To the north: San Pedro department.
To the east: Caaguazu department.
To the south: Paraguari and Central departments.
To the west: Presidente Hayes department, separated by the Paraguay river.
Rivers
The main river in the department, and of Paraguay, is the Paraguay that makes the western border of the department.
The main lake is the Ypacarai.
Districts
The department is divided in 20 districts:
Related pages
Departments of Paraguay
ISO 3166-2:PY
References
Other websites
Gobernacion de Cordillera website
Statoids - Departments of Paraguay
Departments of Paraguay
NGC 55

NGC 55 is a Magellanic type barred spiral galaxy located about 6.5 million light years away in the constellation Sculptor. Along with its neighbor NGC 300, it is one of the closest galaxies to the Local Group, probably lying between the Milky Way and the Sculptor Group. It has an estimated mass of (2.0 +- 0.4) x 1010 M.
Nearby galaxies and group information
NGC 55 and the spiral galaxy NGC 300 have permanently been identified as members of the Sculptor Group, a nearby group of galaxies in the constellation of Sculptor. However, recent distance measurements point to that the two galaxies actually lie in the foreground.
It is likely that NGC 55 and NGC 300 form a gravitationally bound pair.
References
Barred spiral galaxies
Aydin Balayev

Aydin Balayev Huseynaga oglu (; born November 19, 1956) is an Azerbaijani historian, ethnologist and professor.
Biography
Balayev was born on November 19, 1956 in Baku, capital of Azerbaijan. In 1980, he graduated from the Department of History of the Azerbaijan State University and in 1982 he started working at the Archeology and Ethnography Institute of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences. In 1983-1985, Balayev was a researcher at the Ethnography Department of Moscow State University. From 1985 he continued his doctoral studies at the Ethnography Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences in Moscow, graduating with a PhD in History in 1988.
Balayev has additionally published many articles on the history of Azerbaijani independence movement in the 1980s-1990s, Karabakh conflict, in the United States, Great Britain, Germany, France, Canada, Denmark and Russia. In total, Balayev has written72 books, 16 of which were published abroad, and 6 monographs.
Publications
Books
The Azerbaijani National Movement: From Musavat to the National Front (Baku, 1992)
Azerbaijani Independence Movement in 1917-1918 (Baku, 1998)
Ethnolinguistic processes in the 19th-20th centuries (Baku, 2005)
February Revolution and National Achievements (Moscow, 2008)
March 1918: A Defining Moment For Azerbaijan (Tbilisi, 2009)
Mammad Emin Rasulzade (1884-1955) (Moscow, 2009)
Azerbaijani Turks: National Awareness Processes (Baku, 2010)
Monographs
History of Azerbaijan. From Ancient Times to the Beginning of the 20th Century (Baku, 1993)
Azerbaijanis. Historical ethnographic overview (Baku, 1998)
Azeris (Baku, 2005)
References
Azerbaijani historians
Azerbaijani writers
Azerbaijani academics
Ethnologists
1956 births
Living people
People from Baku
Barium oxide

Barium oxide is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is BaO. It contains barium and oxide ions.
Properties
Barium oxide is a white solid. It dissolves in water to make barium hydroxide. It reacts with acids to make barium salts.
Preparation
Barium oxide is made by heating barium carbonate with carbon. This prevents barium peroxide from forming when it is heated. It can also be made by heating barium nitrate.
Uses
Barium oxide can be added to glass instead of lead(II) oxide. It is also used in cathode ray tubes. It can be used as a catalyst.
Safety
Barium oxide is very toxic when eaten.
Related pages
Barium chloride
Barium sulfate
Barium compounds
Oxides
Icy Tower

Icy Tower is a freeware computer game. It involves a small avatar (or character) with a winter hat, jumping across platforms in an icy tower. The goal of the game is to climb as high as you can up the tower.
The game was released in 2001. It was pretty successful and is known for its fast game pace and funny sounds.
Freeware games
2001 video games
Platform games
François Amoudruz

Francois Amoudruz (7 September 1926 - 21 July 2020) was a member of the French Resistance during World War II. He was born in Albertville, France.
Life
Amoudruz entered the law school in Clermont-Ferrand. However, on 25 November 1943, the Gestapo raided the school and Amoudruz was taken as a hostage after having just turned 17. In December 1943, he was held captive at the Royallieu-Compiegne internment camp. He left the camp on 17 January 1944, being deported to the Buchenwald concentration camp. He was eventually locked up at the Flossenburg concentration camp on 23 February 1944.
Amoudruz escaped during a death march in April 1945, but was captured and sent back to camp. However, he would be freed by Allied Forces on Victory in Europe Day. He returned to France on 24 May 1945.
He was Deputy President of the Federation nationale des deportes et internes reesistants et patriotes until 2013 and was vice-president of the Fondation pour la Memoire de la Deportation.
He was also a member of the European Centre on Resistance and Deportation and the Concours national de la resistance et de la deportation.
Amoudruz died on 21 July 2020 in Schiltigheim at the age of 93.
References
1926 births
2020 deaths
Matamoros Municipality, Chihuahua

Matamoros is one of the 67 municipalities of Chihuahua, in northern Mexico. The municipal seat is Mariano Matamoros. The municipality covers an area of 1,139.5 km2.
In 2010, the municipality had a total population of 4,499.
References
Municipalities of Chihuahua
Tilty

Tilty is a village and civil parish in Uttlesford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 98 people living in Tilty. It has a church called St Mary the Virgin.
References
Uttlesford
Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
Don Sutton

Donald Howard Sutton (April 2, 1945 - January 18, 2021) was an American professional baseball pitcher and broadcaster. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1966 to 1988. He played for the Los Angeles Dodgers, Houston Astros, Milwaukee Brewers, Oakland Athletics, and California Angels. He was born in Clio, Alabama.
In 1998, Sutton was honored in the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum.
Sutton died on January 18, 2021 in Rancho Mirage, California from cancer, aged 75.
References
1945 births
2021 deaths
Cancer deaths in California
Los Angeles Dodgers players
Houston Astros players
Milwaukee Brewers players
Oakland Athletics players
California Angels players
Sportspeople from Alabama
Lee Daniels

Lee Louis Daniels (born December 24, 1959) is an American actor, movie producer and director. He produced Monster's Ball and directed the movie Precious: Based on the Novel "Push" by Sapphire.
He has received six Academy Award nominations, including Best Director for Precious. The movie won two of the awards.
In 2013, Daniels directed The Butler, a historical drama about the White House and its presidents during the 20th century. The movie had an ensemble cast. It received positive reviews and became a box office success.
Daniels lives in New York City. He is openly gay and adopted his biological niece and nephew.
References
Other websites
Lee Daniels Entertainment website
NPR interview
Blackfilm.com interview
IndependentFilm.com interview
Gay Life biography
1959 births
Living people
Actors from Philadelphia
American movie actors
American television producers
Gay men
LGBT actors
LGBT African Americans
LGBT people from Pennsylvania
LGBT producers
LGBT writers
Movie directors from Pennsylvania
Movie producers from Pennsylvania
Wellcome Trust

The Wellcome Trust is a biomedical research charity based in London. It was established in 1936. The money came from legacies of the pharmaceutical magnate Sir Henry Wellcome. Its purpose is to fund research to improve human and animal health.
The Trust aims to "achieve extraordinary improvements in health by supporting the brightest minds". In addition to funding biomedical research, it supports the public understanding of science. It has an endowment of PS23.2 billion (2017) making it the second wealthiest charitable foundation in the world (the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation is the richest).
The Trust has been described by the Financial Times as the United Kingdom's largest provider of non-governmental funding for scientific research. It is one of the largest providers in the world.
References
1936 establishments in Europe
Research organisations in the United Kingdom
1930s establishments in the United Kingdom
Mike Wallace (American football)

Burnell Micheal "Mike" Wallace III (born August 1, 1986 in New Orleans, Louisiana) is an American football player. He plays as a wide receiver for the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League. He was drafted by the Steelers in the third round of the 2009 NFL Draft. He played college football at Mississippi. Wallace had success while playing, and was a useful deep threat.
References
Living people
1986 births
American football wide receivers
Baltimore Ravens players
Minnesota Vikings players
Miami Dolphins players
Sportspeople from New Orleans
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Philadelphia Eagles players
Meir Pa'il

Meir Pa'il, , (June 19, 1926 - September 15, 2015) was an Israeli colonel, politician and military historian. He served as a member of the Knesset from 1974 through 1980. He was born in Jerusalem.
Pa'il died from complications of Alzheimer's disease in Jerusalem, aged 89.
References
Other websites
Bio at Knesset Website
1926 births
2015 deaths
Israeli colonels
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Disease-related deaths in Israel
Members of the Knesset
Israeli historians
Jewish Israeli politicians
Jewish Israeli writers
Jewish military people
People from Jerusalem
The Incident (movie)

The Incident is a 1967 American crime thriller movie directed by Larry Peerce and was based on the teleplay Ride with Terror by Nicholas E. Baehr. It stars Martin Sheen, Beau Bridges, Ruby Dee, Tony Musante, Ed McMahon, Victor Arnold, Thelma Ritter, Donna Mills, Jan Sterling, Jack Gilford, Brock Peters, Robert Fields and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Other websites
1967 crime movies
1967 thriller movies
American crime thriller movies
Movies based on plays
20th Century Fox movies
American independent movies
Movies directed by Larry Peerce
Florence Y. Pan

Florence Yu Pan (born November 16, 1966) is an American attorney and judge. She is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia since 2021. Pan was nominated to the court by President Joe Biden. She was an associate judge of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia from 2009 until 2021.
References
1966 births
Living people
American judges
Politicians from New York City
Lawyers from New York City
Politicians from Washington, D.C.
Lawyers from Washington, D.C.
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Cathy Reed

Cathy Reed (born June 5, 1987) is an American-born Japanese ice dancer. With her brother Chris Reed, she is a seven-time Japanese national champion (2008-2011, 2013-2015).
References
1987 births
Living people
American Olympians
American figure skaters
Japanese figure skaters
People from Kalamazoo, Michigan
Sportspeople from New Jersey
Sportspeople from Michigan
People from Hackensack, New Jersey
Cambrai

Cambrai (; ; ; historically in English Camerick and Camericke) is a commune in the Nord department and in the Hauts-de-France region of France on the Scheldt river, which is known locally as the Escaut river.
Cambrai is not very far from several European capitals: Brussels is , Paris is and London is .
References
Communes in Nord
Subprefectures in France
Nico Rosberg

Nico Rosberg (born 27 June 1985 in Wiesbaden, West Germany) is a racing driver for the Mercedes GP Formula One team. He races under the German flag in Formula One. Earlier in his career, he competed for Finland. He holds dual nationality of these two countries. Nico is the son of Finnish Formula One World Champion Keke Rosberg.
Rosberg won the 2005 GP2 Series for the ART team. Before that, he raced in Formula Three Euroseries for his father's team. Rosberg joined the Mercedes team for the season. Ahead 2016 Singapore Grand Prix, Rosberg annocuned his retirements after 2016 season. He replaced to Valtteri Bottas sign Mercedes, He replaced from Lewis Hamilton in qualifying session on 2017 Jerez Grand Prix after Hamilton's injured due to crash during FP3 sessions.
Racing record
Career summary
Season in progress.
Complete Formula Three Euroseries results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Complete GP2 Series results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Complete Formula One results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Season in progress.
Half points awarded as less than 75% of race distance completed.
References
Other websites
Nico Rosberg official website
Profile from Mercedes GP official website
1985 births
Living people
Finnish racecar drivers
Formula One current
Formula One drivers
German racecar drivers
GP2 Series drivers
People from Wiesbaden
Sportspeople from Hesse
Neufmoulin

Neufmoulin is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Brian Snitker

Brian Gerald Snitker (born October 17, 1955) is the manager of the Atlanta Braves. He was hired the Braves during the 2016 season. He never played for any Major League Baseball teams, but he did play minor league baseball in the Braves organization. He later managed several of the Braves' minor league teams and he also served as the third base coach for the Braves from 2007 to 2013.
Other websites
Managerial record at Baseball-Reference.com
1955 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Illinois
Atlanta Braves
Major League Baseball managers
Big L

Lamont Coleman (30 May 1974 - 15 February 1999) was an American rapper better known by his stage name, Big L.
Henry Adaso from About.com ranked him #23 of the "Top 50 Greatest MCs of Our Time (1987 - 2007)" and said the "[he was] one of the most auspicious storytellers in hip hop history." Coleman was also called "the most underrated lyricist ever" by HipHopDX.
Death
On 15 February 1999, Big L was murdered at 45 West 139th Street after being shot nine times in the face and chest in a drive-by shooting at the age of 24. Gerard Woodley, his childhood friend, was arrested for the shooting. A spokesperson for the New York City Police Department said that "It's a good possibility it was retaliation for something [Big L's] brother did, or [Woodley] believed he had done". Woodley was later released and the murder is still unsolved.
Discography
Studio albums
Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous (1995)
The Big Picture (2000)
139 & Lenox (2010)*
Return of the Devil's Son (2010)*
The Danger Zone (2011)*
Compilation albums
Live from Amsterdam (2000)
Harlem's Finest - A Freestyle History (2003)
Big L: The Archives 1996-2000 (2006)
Collaboration albums
D.I.T.C. (2000)*
*Album was released posthumously.
References
Other websites
Official website
1974 births
1999 deaths
African American musicians
Rappers from New York (state)
Murdered African-American people
Murdered musicians
Murders by firearm in New York (state)
People murdered in New York (state)
Singers from New York City
Unsolved murders in the United States
Spanish protectorate in Morocco

The Spanish protectorate in Morocco was established on 27 November 1912 by a treaty between France and Spain that made the Spanish-influenced part in Morocco into a formal protectorate.
References
1912 establishments in Africa
20th century in Morocco
Spanish Empire
Former colonies in Africa
Canouan

Canouan is a island in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. The island is only about 3.5 miles by 1.25 miles. It is located at the south of St. Vincent. Canouan also has an airport called the, Canouan Airport.
Other websites
Canouan island's Official website
Geography of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Caribbean islands
Best of Both Worlds (Van Halen song)

"Best of Both Worlds" is a 1986 song by Van Halen and taken from their seventh studio album 5150. It was ranked as the best single from their album 5150 and only charted in the Billboard mainstream rock at 12.
References
1986 songs
Hard rock songs
Van Halen songs
Aman Andom

Aman Mikael Andom (1924-1974) was an Eritrean general who was made Chairman of the Derg, and was Head of State of Ethiopia from 15 September until 17 November, 1974.
1924 births
1974 deaths
Eritrean people
Heads of state
African military people
African politicians
Atomic force microscope

Atomic force microscopes (AFMs) are a type of microscope. AFMs provide pictures of atoms on or in surfaces. Like the scanning electron microscope (SEM), the purpose of the AFM is to look at objects on the atomic level. In fact, the AFM may be used to look at individual atoms. It is commonly used in nanotechnology.
The AFM can do some things that the SEM cannot do. The AFM can provide higher resolution than the SEM. Further, the AFM does not need to operate in a vacuum. In fact, the AFM can operate in ambient air or water, so it can be used to see surfaces of biological samples like living cells.
The AFM works by employing an ultra-fine needle attached to a cantilever beam. The tip of the needle runs over the ridges and valleys in the material being imaged, "feeling" the surface. As the tip moves up and down due to the surface, the cantilever deflects. In one basic configuration, a laser shines on the cantilever at an oblique angle, and allows for the direct measurement of the deflection in the cantilever by simply changing the angle of incidence for the laser beam. In this way, an image may be created revealing the configuration of the molecules being imaged by the machine.
There are many different operating modes for an AFM. One is the "contact mode", where the tip is simply moved across the surface and the cantilever deflections are measured. Another mode is called "tapping mode", because the tip is tapped against the surface as it travels along. By controlling how hard the tip is tapped, the AFM can move away from the surface when the needle feels a ridge, so that it will not hit against the surface when it moves across. This mode is also useful for biological samples, because it is less likely to damage a soft surface.
These are the basic modes most commonly used. However there are different names and methods such as "intermittent contact mode", "non-contact mode", "dynamic" and "static" modes and more, but these are often variations on the above described tapping and contact modes.
Related pages
Microscope
Electron microscope
References
Microscopes
Alston & Bird

Alston & Bird LLP is an international global law firm with over 800 lawyers in 13 offices throughout the United States, Europe, U.K., and Asia.
The firm gives legal services to domestic and international clients worldwide. Alston & Bird has advised companies including Amazon.com, The Coca-Cola Company, Microsoft, Bank of America, Starbucks, Toyota, Dell, UPS, and Nokia.
For the past 22 years, Fortune has ranked the firm in the 100 Best Companies to Work For list.
References
American law firms
International organizations
Henry Emeleus

Charles Henry Emeleus (4 September 1930 - 11 November 2017) was a British geologist. He was born in Belfast, England. He specialized in the Tertiary volcanic rocks of Britain and Greenland. Emeleus was a highly capable petrologist. The mineral emeleusite, a colourless sodium silicate, is named after Emeleus. In 2016, he received the Prestwich Medal.
Emeleus died on 11 November 2017 in Durham, England at the age of 87.
References
1930 births
2017 deaths
British geologists
Scientists from Belfast
Yesterdays (Guns N' Roses song)

"Yesterdays" is the third song on the Guns N' Roses album Use Your Illusion II. It was written by Axl Rose, West Arkeen, Del James and Billy McCloud. The song is also on the band's 2004 compilation Greatest Hits. There is a Vegas version on the album Live Era '87-'93. The song ended up at number eight on the UK Singles Chart and at number 72 on the US BillboardHot 100.
References
1992 songs
Guns N' Roses songs
Marianne Gaba

Marianne Gaba (November 13, 1939 - May 3, 2016) was an American model, actress and beauty queen. She was born in Chicago, Illinois. She was Miss Illinois USA 1957 and Playboy magazine's Playmate of the Month for its September 1959 issue. She was known for her roles as Liz in The Choppers (1961), as Animal in How to Stuff a Wild Bikini (1965) and as Robot in Dr. Goldfoot and the Bikini Machine (1965).
Gaba died on May 3, 2016 from brain cancer in Los Angeles, California, aged 76.
References
Other websites
1939 births
2016 deaths
Actors from Chicago
American movie actors
American television actors
Beauty pageant winners
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
Deaths from brain cancer
Models from Chicago
Castaic, California

Castaic is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in the U.S. state of California. It is in Los Angeles County.
References
Census-designated places in California
Unincorporated communities in California
Settlements in Los Angeles County, California
Deluz

Deluz is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
Rock 'n' Roll Juvenile

Rock 'n' Roll Juvenile is the 22nd studio album by English singer Cliff Richard and spawned the number 1 song We Don't Talk Anymore.
Track listing
Original UK release
Side One
"Monday Thru' Friday" (Terry Britten) 3:47
"Doing Fine" (Terry Britten) 3:06
"Cities May Fall" (Terry Britten, B.A. Robertson) 4:17
"You Know that I Love You" (Terry Britten) 2:54
"My Luck Won't Change" (Terry Britten, B.A. Robertson) 4:13
"Rock 'n' Roll Juvenile" (Cliff Richard) 2:47
Side Two
"Sci-Fi" (Terry Britten, B.A. Robertson) 3:47
"Fallin' in Luv" (Terry Britten, B.A. Robertson) 3:11
"Carrie" (Terry Britten, B.A. Robertson) 3:43
"Hot Shot" (Terry Britten, B.A. Robertson) 3:23
"Language of Love" (Terry Britten, B.A. Robertson) 4:40
"We Don't Talk Anymore" (Alan Tarney) 4:18
Bonus tracks (2001 re-issue):
"Walking in the Light" (Terry Britten) 3:17
"Moving In" (Cliff Richard) 3:26
Original North American release
This release was titled We Don't Talk Anymore and excluded "Cities May Fall" and "My Luck Won't Change".
Side One
"We Don't Talk Anymore" (Alan Tarney) 4:18
"Doing Fine" (Terry Britten) 3:06
"Monday Thru' Friday" (Terry Britten) 3:47
"You Know that I Love You" (Terry Britten) 2:54
"Rock 'n' Roll Juvenile" (Cliff Richard) 2:47
Side Two
"Sci-Fi" (Terry Britten, B.A. Robertson) 3:47
"Fallin' in Luv" (Terry Britten, B.A. Robertson) 3:11
"Carrie" (Terry Britten, B.A. Robertson) 3:43
"Hot Shot" (Terry Britten, B.A. Robertson) 3:23
"Language of Love" (Terry Britten, B.A. Robertson) 4:40
References
1979 albums
Cliff Richard albums
James Vaughan

James Vaughan (born 14 July 1988) is an English footballer. He plays for Leicester City.
Club career statistics
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="6"|Everton||rowspan="6"|Premier League||2||1||0||0||0||0||0||0||2||1
|-
|2005/06||1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2006/07||14||4||1||0||0||0||0||0||15||4
|-
|2007/08||8||1||1||0||2||0||2||1||13||2
|-
|2008/09||13||0||2||0||1||0||1||0||17||0
|-
|2009/10||8||1||2||1||0||0||0||0||10||2
|-
|2009/10||Derby County||League Championship||2||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|-
|2009/10||Leicester City||League Championship||||||||||||||||||||
48||7||6||1||3||0||3||1||60||9
48||7||6||1||3||0||3||1||60||9
|}
References
1988 births
Living people
Black British sportspeople
English footballers
Sportspeople from Birmingham
Lonate Pozzolo

Lonate Pozzolo is a comune in the Province of Varese in the Lombardy region in Italy.
References
Settlements in Lombardy
Rhigos

Rhigos is a village in the county borough of Rhondda Cynon Taf, South Wales. It is in the north of the Cynon Valley. In 2011, there were 894 people living there.
References
Other websites
Villages in Wales
Midland, Arkansas

Midland is a town in the US state of Arkansas.
Towns in Arkansas
Sebastian County, Arkansas
Big Pine Key, Florida

Big Pine Key is a census-designated place (CDP) in Florida in the United States.
Census-designated places in Florida
Vilivalla, Hiiu County

Vilivalla is a village in Puhalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia.
Villages in Hiiu County
David Alfaro Siqueiros

David Alfaro Siqueiros (December 29, 1896 in Camargo, Chihuahua, Mexico - January 6, 1974 in Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico) was a famous painter and muralist. He was famous for large public murals using the latest in equipment, materials and technique.
Other websites
Short biography and some of his artwork
David Alfaro Siqueiros Online - more information and art galleries
1896 births
1974 deaths
Mexican painters
Artemas Ward

Artemas Ward (November 26, 1727 - October 28, 1800) was an American major general in the American Revolutionary War. He was a Congressman from Massachusetts.
Ward was the Speaker of the Massachusetts House in 1785. He was elected twice to the United States House of Representatives, serving from 1791 to 1795.
President John Adams called him "universally esteemed, beloved and confided in by his army and his country".
Other websites
1727 births
1800 deaths
United States representatives from Massachusetts
American generals
Military people from Massachusetts
Angolan genet

The Angolan genet or miombo genet (Genetta angolensis) is a type of genet. It only lives in Southern Africa. It is very common in Southern Africa. It is a Least Concern species.
References
Viverrids
Mammals of Africa