pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Caves of Azerbaijan

There are many natural caves in Azerbaijan. Most of these caves are karstic caves and the rest are volcanic caves (lava tubes). These caves were also the first shelters and dwellings of Stone Age hominids and humans.
Azykh Cave, one of the most famous caves of Azerbaijan, is known as the settlement of Stone Age hominids. It was determined that the cave was the settlement of the Acheulean and the Mousterian cultures. During the period of the Mousterian culture, Neanderthals lived in Azykh Cave.
List of caves in Azerbaijan
The list does not include all caves.
List of cave complexes in Azerbaijan
The list does not include all cave complexes (group of caves connected to each other).
Gallery
Related pages
Geography of Azerbaijan
Cave
Stone Age
References
Azerbaijan
Landforms of Azerbaijan
Archaeological sites in Azerbaijan
Erikson's stages of psychosocial development

Erikson's stages of psychosocial development is the name of a theory of psychology: Erik Erikson and his wife Joan Erikson coined the term. They found that during their lives, most people pass through eight stages of development.
Stages
References
Psychology
Les Hauts de Forterre

Les Hauts de Forterre is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Yonne department in central France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2017 and consists of the former communes of Taingy (the seat), Fontenailles and Molesmes.
References
INSEE
2017 establishments in France
Communes in Yonne
Jayalalithaa filmography

This is the filmography of former Indian actress and Politician J. Jayalalithaa who has acted in over 140 films.
Filmography
1950's
1960s
1970s
1980-1990s
2000s-2010s
Discography
Notes
References
Other websites
Indian filmographies
Helena de Menezes

Helena Cardoso de Menezes was a sprinter from Brazil. Menezes competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics. She was born on 22 January 1927 and died on 13 December 2020.
References
Other websites
1927 births
2020 deaths
Sprinters
Long jumpers
Brazilian Olympians
Lot (biblical person)

Lot was a patriarch in the biblical Book of Genesis chapters 11-14 and 19. He moves to Sodom and Gomorrah. He leaves quickly when angels warn him of the coming destruction of the cities, but his wife looks back 'and she became a pillar of salt' (Genesis 19:26) He fathers children with his daughters when they get him drunk. They gave birth to Moab and Ammon.
Related pages
Dead Sea
Old Testament people
Roeser

Roeser () is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Esch-sur-Alzette.
As of 2019, 6,459 people live here.
Communes of Luxembourg
Dick Cheney

Richard Bruce "Dick" Cheney (born January 30, 1941) is an American politician and businessman. He was the 46th vice president of the United States from 2001 to 2009. As a Republican, he ran in the 2000 United States presidential election with George W. Bush, and successfully won re-election in the 2004 United States presidential election. Before he became vice president, he was the Secretary of Defense from 1989 to 1993, during George H. W. Bush's presidency. He was also a member of the House of Representatives from 1979 to 1989, and was White House chief of staff from 1975 to 1977.
Early life
Cheney was born at Bryan Medical Center East Campus in Lincoln, Nebraska to Richard Cheney and Marjorie Cheney. Cheney grew up in Casper, Wyoming.
Political career
Dick Cheney was the former representative for Wyoming's At-large congressional district. He served in the George H. W. Bush administration from 1989 to 1993 as a cabinet member. He was a Congressman, and White House Chief of Staff.
Business career
He was also in charge of a large defense company called Halliburton when he was out of office during the Clinton presidency.
Vice presidency (2001-2009)
As Vice President, Cheney was the head of the Senate and cast six tie-breaking votes and he was replaced by Joe Biden as vice president on January 20, 2009.
Personal life
Cheney lives in Wyoming. He is an active hunter. In 2006, he shot a friend by mistake while hunting. He did not run for president in 2008. He has criticized President Barack Obama. His wife Lynne Cheney is a distant cousin of President Barack Obama and he is an 8th cousin of President Barack Obama. He is a 9th cousin, once removed of George W. Bush. Cheney is distantly related to Harry S. Truman and Robert Duvall by the Duvall family. He is distantly related to American Express founder Benjamin Pierce Cheney.
Health
On March 24, 2012, Cheney underwent a seven-hour heart transplant process. Cheney has had several heart attacks.
Family
Dick and Lynne Cheney have 2 daughters, Elizabeth and Mary. Mary is openly lesbian and Dick supports same sex marriage along with Mary. Liz is the Congresswoman at-large from Wyoming in the United States House of Representatives.
References
Other websites
US Department of State from the Internet Archive
The New York Times -- Dick Cheney archives
Vice Presidential Debate, October 5, 2004: Transcript text, Audio and Video (RealPlayer or MPG format)
1941 births
Living people
Businesspeople from Nebraska
American Methodists
Organ transplant recipients
People from Lincoln, Nebraska
Politicians from Nebraska
United States representatives from Wyoming
United States Secretaries of Defense
Republican Party (United States) politicians
White House Chiefs of Staff
21st-century American politicians
20th-century American politicians
Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun
Businesspeople from Wyoming
D'Anjou

D'Anjou (also known as the poire d'Anjou or Beurre d'Anjou) is a type fruit in the family Rosaceae. It is a type of pear that first came from Anjou,France. D'Anjou pears usually cost less than other types of pears, but are not as sweet. There are two main varieties of D'Anjou:
Green Anjou has a green skin that may turn yellow as the pear ripens.
Red Anjou has a red skin that darkens as it ripens.
Pears
Keiji Watanabe

Keiji Watanabe (born 28 January 1985) is a Japanese football player. He plays for JEF United Ichihara Chiba.
Club career statistics
|-
|2003||rowspan="6"|Nagoya Grampus Eight||rowspan="6"|J. League 1||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2004||5||0||1||0||1||0||7||0
|-
|2005||13||0||0||0||2||0||15||0
|-
|2006||12||0||1||0||1||0||14||0
|-
|2007||13||0||1||0||0||0||14||0
|-
|2008||0||0||1||0||1||0||2||0
|-
|2009||Japan Soccer College||Regional Leagues||11||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||13||0
|-
|2010||JEF United Ichihara Chiba||J. League 2||||||||||||||||
55||0||6||0||5||0||66||0
55||0||6||0||5||0||66||0
|}
References
JEF United Ichihara Chiba
1985 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Greyfriars Bobby (movie)

Greyfriars Bobby is a family-oriented Walt Disney movie from 1961. It was based on Eleanor Atkinson's 1912 book of the same name. The movie was directed by Don Chaffey, and stars Donald Crisp and Laurence Naismith. The movie is about a Skye terrier named Bobby. When his master dies, Bobby will not leave his graveside in Greyfriars Kirkyard. Two men in the neighborhood quarrel over owning the dog, but the dog remains on his master's grave. When "Greyfriars Bobby" is threatened with being put down because he does not have a license, the poor children of the neighborhood use their money to buy him the needed license. Bobby is given the freedom of the city.
Disney movies
Movies about dogs
Movies based on books
1961 movies
American family movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by Don Chaffey
Tom Murphy (playwright)

Tom Murphy (23 February 1935 - 15 May 2018) was an Irish playwright. He worked closely with the Abbey Theatre in Dublin and with Druid Theatre, Galway. He was born in County Galway, Ireland and later lived in Dublin.
Murphy's first successful play, A Whistle in the Dark, was performed at the Theatre Royal Stratford East in London in 1961. It was very controversial. He also wrote The Sanctuary Lamp, Famine, The Gigli Concert, and Conversations on a Homecoming. He wrote one novel, The Seduction of Morality (1994).
Murphy died on 15 May 2018 in Dublin at the age of 83. President Michael D. Higgins said: "The importance of Tom Murphy's contribution to Irish theatre is immeasurable and outstanding. We have had no greater use of language for the stage than in the body of work produced by Tom Murphy since his earliest work in the 1960s."
References
Other websites
Tom Murphy at Irish Writers Online
Aosdana short biography
doollee.com listing of Tom Murphy's works written for the stage
1935 births
2018 deaths
Irish playwrights
Irish novelists
Writers from Dublin
Right Thurr

"Right Thurr" is the first single off of American rapper Chingy's debut studio album Jackpot. The remix was the fourth single from the album. The song was released on April 14, 2003. The song was able to make it to #2 on the Billboard Hot 100.
A music video for the song was released. It was directed by Jessy Terrero. It features Chingy rapping on the porch of a run down house and flirting with girls that pass by. In the next part, they are partying in a casino-themed nightclub. It ends with Chingy rapping inside and in front of a diner.
In 2004, an official remix was released. It featured rappers Jermaine Dupri and Trina. The remix won the "Remix of the Year" at the 2004 Source Awards.
References
Other websites
"Right Thurr" on YouTube
2003 songs
Hip hop songs
First Rutte cabinet

The First Rutte cabinet, also called Rutte I cabinet or Rutte I, was a Dutch cabinet, which governed the Netherlands from October 14, 2010 until November 5, 2012 (outgoing from April 23, 2012).
It consisted of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) and the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA). It was supported by the Party for Freedom (PVV).
The Prime Minister was Mark Rutte (VVD), the Deputy Prime Minister Maxime Verhagen.
It was succeeded by the Second Rutte cabinet.
Related pages
List of Dutch cabinets
2010 Dutch general election
Other websites
First Rutte cabinet
Rutte 1
2010 establishments in the Netherlands
21st-century disestablishments in the Netherlands
Niederalteich

Niederalteich () is a village on the Danube in Bavaria, Germany. It is best known as the place of Niederaltaich Abbey.
References
Deggendorf (district)
Ylva Eggehorn

Ylva Elisabet Eggehorn (born 6 March 1950 in Stockholm) is a Swedish Christian poet, writer, and hymnwriter. She has also written "historical fantasy" books about Gustav Badin.
References
1950 births
Living people
Christian hymnwriters
Christian writers
Writers from Stockholm
Swedish poets
Keiichiro Nakano

Keiichiro Nakano (born 29 March 1976) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1998||rowspan="4"|Albirex Niigata||Football League||26||1
|-
|1999||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||29||0
|-
|2000||35||0
|-
|2001||2||0
92||1
92||1
|}
1976 births
Living people
Footballers from Kagawa Prefecture
Hachimaki

A hachimaki (Bo Juan , "helmet scarf") is a headband with styles that came from Japan. They are usually made from red and white cloth. People wear them to show hard work, or to keep sweat from the eyes.
History
Nobody is sure how hachimaki started. Most people say that Samurai wore them under their helmets for comfort.
Kamikaze pilots wore them before flying to their deaths.
Styles
Hachimaki are normally decorated with words, such as "Nippon Ichi" (Ri Ben Yi , "the best of Japan"), and with the rising sun between the kanji characters.
Headgear
Chiang Pin-kung

Chiang Pin-kung (; 16 December 1932 - 10 December 2018) was a Taiwanese politician. He led the Ministry of Economic Affairs from 1993 to 1996. He was named Minister of the Council for Economic Planning and Development, where he worked until 2000.
He was elected to consecutive terms on the Legislative Yuan from 2002 to 2008. During his first term as a legislator, Chiang was Vice President of the Legislative Yuan. He was Chairman of the Straits Exchange Foundation from 2008 to 2012.
Chiang collapsed at a restaurant on 8 December 2018 in Taipei. He died of multiple organ failure at a hospital on 10 December 2018, aged 85.
References
1932 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Taiwanese politicians
Alma Deutscher

Alma Elizabeth Deutscher (born 19 February 2005) is a British child prodigy who plays the piano, and violin.
British violinists
British pianists
Child prodigies
2005 births
Living people
Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone

The Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone was the border between North Vietnam and South Vietnam during the Vietnam War. In 1954, after the Viet Minh defeated France during the First Indochina War, France gave up control of Vietnam, but France also split Vietnam in two halves. The Vietnamese DMZ would be a place where many battles would take place during the Vietnam War. After North Vietnam defeated South Vietnam at the end of the war in 1975, the Vietnamese DMZ was no more and the two countries were united into one Vietnam in 1976.
Vietnam War
North Vietnam
1950s in Asia
1960s in Asia
1970s in Asia
20th-century establishments in Vietnam
1954 establishments in Asia
1975 disestablishments in Asia
Gagnef Municipality

Gagnef Municipality () is a municipality in Dalarna County in central Sweden. The seat is in Gagnef.
References
Other websites
Gagnef Municipality
Municipalities of Dalarna County
Live Acoustic (Avril Lavigne EP)

Live Acoustic EP is an EP that was released in 2004 by Canadian singer Avril Lavigne. It was made up of songs from her 2004 album, Under My Skin, and her hit single "Sk8er Boi" from her 2002 album Let Go.
It is an acoustic album that was only released in United States Target stores. All the songs were recorded live during Avril's North American mall tour.
Song listing
"He Wasn't"(Live Acoustic) - 3:16
"My Happy Ending"(Live Acoustic) - 3:56
"Sk8er Boi"(Live Acoustic) - 3:37
"Don't Tell Me"(Live Acoustic) - 3:38
"Take Me Away"(Live Acoustic) - 2:55
"Nobody's Home"(Live Acoustic) - 3:42
References
Avril Lavigne songs
en:Avril Lavigne discography#Extended plays
Bronzed frog

The bronzed frog or Gunther's golden-backed frog (Hylarana temporalis) is a species of frog. They are found in forests of Western Ghats, India and Sri Lanka. They are an important prey for many snakes include the Malabar Pit Viper and the Vine Snake.
References
Other websites
IUCN Red List page on H. temporalis.
Breeding call audio from YouTube [Contributed by Western Ghat Regional Centre, Calicut]
Frogs of Asia
Edward Emerson Barnard

Edward Emerson Barnard (December 16, 1857 - February 6, 1923) was an American astronomer. He found Amalthea, a moon of the planet Jupiter. Barnard's star and Barnard's galaxy were named after him.
Barnard made a list of dark nebulae, the Barnard Catalogue of Dark Markings in the Sky, or the Barnard Catalogue for short. The nebulae listed by Barnard have become known as 'Barnard objects'.
References
Other websites
1857 births
1923 deaths
American astronomers
Scientists from Nashville, Tennessee
Joanna Cameron

Joanna Kara Cameron (September 20, 1951 - October 22, 2021) was an American actress and model. She was known for her role as Isis on The Secrets of Isis. She also appeared on The Bold Ones: The New Doctors, Columbo, and several episodes of Marcus Welby, MD.
Cameron appeared on the Guinness Book of World Records at one point for most appearances on television commercials for an actress.
Cameron died of problems caused by a stroke on October 22, 2021 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 70.
References
Other websites
1951 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from stroke
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Colorado
Models from Colorado
Lungfish

Lungfish are members of the order Dipnoi. They are a sister group to the coelacanths and to the early lobe-finned fish which gave rise to the tetrapods. All these fish have paired appendages, fins or limbs, attached to a pelvis or shoulder by means of a single bone, the femur or humerus.
The living members of the group are special freshwater fish. They are the only living fish that have both lungs and gills. They need this because they live in small lakes and rivers that sometimes dry up. When this happens, these fish don't die, but they can survive in the mud, for up to 4 years. They use their lungs during this time. This is called aestivation, which is a type of dormancy.
Currently there 8 species of lungfish, six of them in Africa, one in South America and one in Australia.
References
Lobe-finned fish
Freshwater fish
List of ChuckleVision episodes

This is a list of ChuckleVision episodes. ChuckleVision is a popular British children's television series.
Series 1 (1987)
Series 2 (1988-1989)
Series 3 (1989-1990)
Series 4 (1990) (The Last Series to be in Dolby Stereo and Last Music is 1987-1990 to Switch to 1990-2004)
Series 5 (1991-1992) (The First Series to be in Dolby Surround)
Series 6 (1992)
Series 7 (1993-1994)
Series 8 (1995-1996)
Series 9 (1996-1997)
Series 10 (1997-1998)
Series 11 (1998-1999)
Series 12 (1999-2000) (The Last Series to be in 4:3)
Series 13 (2000-2001) (The First Series to be in 16:9)
All the episodes in Series 12-13 were originally 20 minutes in length, but in 2004 the BBC cut them down to 15 minutes in length to suit their schedule. The original length 20 minute episodes are very rarely broadcast.
Series 14 (2002) (The Last Series to be in Dolby Surround)
Series 15 (2003)
2003 Christmas Specials
The Series
Series 16 (2004)
Series 17 (2005)
Series 18 (2006)
Series 19 (2007)
Series 20 (2008)
2008 Christmas Special
References
All information in this article is sourced from "http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b006w487/episodes". Due to the fact that not all episodes are displayed on this website at any one time, the information in this article was also confirmed as being correct from the BBC helpline - 03700 100 222.
Lists of television series episodes
Cove, Texas

Cove is a city in Chambers County, Texas, United States.
Cities in Texas
Mountain gazelle

The mountain gazelle (Gazella gazella) is a species of gazelle. It lives in many parts of Egypt, israel, Turkey and across the Arabian Peninsula. It lives in mountains, foothills, and coastal plains. It is the National animal of Palestine.
Description
Mountain gazelles are one of the few mammals, where the male and female have horns. Males have bigger horns with rings around them. Females also have horns, but they are thinner and shorter. Mountain gazelles are sexually dimorphic, which means that males are larger than females. Male can weigh from 17-29.5 kg. Females can weigh 16-25 kg. Mountain gazelles can run up to 80 km/h (50 mph).
Habitat
Gazelles have adapted to live in dry, desert-like places. They spend most of their time at the top of mountains and hills. Mountain gazelles prefer to sleep on the tops of hills/mountains to avoid the heat in the day. Around dawn and dusk, they will be found leaving the hills to eat in light forests, fields, or desert plateaus.
Feeding
It is a grazing species, though this varies with the amount of food available. They can survive for a long time without a source of water. During that time, they get freshwater from succulent plants and dew from plants.
References
Mammals of Asia
Bovids
National symbols of the State of Palestine
Victory

Victory is winning an argument, war or test. Many songs have been made called victory songs. Victory often comes with a lot of emotion. Victory is usually celebrated after winning, although there are many times not to, like after a war. The term comes from the culture of ancient Rome, when it meant winning a war.
Different types
In terms of human emotion, being victorious usually brings strong feelings of gladness, and in human behaviour often has movements and victory poses.
Victory dances and victory cries are quite similar to war dances and war cries that are done before the violence.
Related pages
War
War
Sports
Middlesex County, Ontario

Middlesex County is a rural county in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. According to the Canada 2011 Census, it had a population of 70,796. The county seat is in the city of London, even though London is politically independent of the county.
Middlesex County has eight incorporated municipalites: Adelaide Metcalfe, Lucan Biddulph, Middlesex Centre, Newbury, North Middlesex, Southwest Middlesex, Strathroy-Caradoc, and Thames Centre. There are also three reservations of the First Nations in the county: Chippewas of the Thames 42, Munsee-Delaware 1, and Onedia 41.
Counties of Ontario
Boeing 747-400

The Boeing 747-400 is a jet airliner, a variant of the Boeing 747. Compared to the original 747, the 747-400 features improvements such as more powerful engines, new avionics, a new interior, and a longer-span wing with winglets. The 747-400 first flew in 1988 and entered service in 1989. It was produced until 2009 in six different variants: 747-400, 747-400F, 747-400M, 747-400D, 747-400ER, and 747-400ERF.
References
747
Malvaglia

Malvaglia was a municipality of the district Blenio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. On 1 April 2012, the former municipalities of Ludiano, Malvaglia and Semione merged to form the new municipality of Serravalle. The reservoir Bacino di Val Malvaglia is found above the village.
References
Other websites
Former municipalities of Ticino
Here with Me (Marshmello song)

"Here with Me" is a 2019 song by American producer Marshmello, featuring Scottish band Chvrches.
References
2019 songs
Chvrches songs
Marshmello songs
Satoshi Tezuka

is a former Japanese football player and manager. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Tezuka was born in Tochigi Prefecture on September 4, 1958. After graduating from Chuo University, he joined Japan Soccer League club Fujita Industries in 1981. The club won the league champions in 1981. He retired in 1991. He played 167 games and scored 42 goals in the league.
On June 11, 1980, when Tezuka was a Chuo University student, he debuted for the Japan national team against China. He played at 1986 World Cup qualification, 1986 Asian Games and 1988 Summer Olympics qualification. He played 25 games and scored 2 goals for Japan until 1988.
After retirement, Tezuka started coaching career at Fujita Industries (later Bellmare Hiratsuka, Shonan Bellmare) in 1991. In 2003, he moved to Mito HollyHock and became an assistant coach. In 2005, he moved to Thespa Kusatsu and became a manager. In 2007, he signed with Japanese Regional Leagues club Fagiano Okayama. He promoted the club to Japan Football League in 2008 and J2 League in 2009. In 2010, he moved to Fukushima United FC and managed until 2011.
Statistics
|-
|1981||rowspan="10"|Fujita Industries||rowspan="9"|JSL Division 1||15||5
|-
|1982||10||3
|-
|1983||13||0
|-
|1984||14||6
|-
|1985/86||21||8
|-
|1986/87||21||5
|-
|1987/88||22||4
|-
|1988/89||11||1
|-
|1989/90||20||5
|-
|1990/91||JSL Division 2||21||4
167||42
167||42
|}
|-
|1980||2||0
|-
|1981||6||0
|-
|1982||0||0
|-
|1983||0||0
|-
|1984||0||0
|-
|1985||2||0
|-
|1986||4||0
|-
|1987||8||2
|-
|1988||3||0
|-
!Total||25||2
|}
References
Other websites
1958 births
Living people
Footballers from Tochigi Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Japanese football managers
Japan Soccer League players
Shonan Bellmare players
Electrical engineering

Electrical engineering is a subject of engineering. Its goal is to develop (think and make) different things that use electricity in a helpful way. Electrical engineers fix or design new and better ways of using devices that use electricity.
Big subjects in electrical engineering include power generation, automation and control of robots, digital systems, and information technology (using radio and computers to move and use data). To meet new needs, electrical engineering produced new specialties, such as electronic engineering and software engineering.
History
Early universities taught philosophy and later science. As the industrial revolution began they had to start teaching new parts of these sciences to keep up with the demand for new items.
When the industrial era began, we needed to study mathematics, physics and chemistry to help support it. These subjects are "applied" (or, used in the real world) using engineering. In the late 19th century when electricity was used to make electric motors and to send messages to far away places, a new branch called electrical engineering was invented. When radio became important, many engineers worked at it, and their branch was later expanded to cover electronic engineering.
Other websites
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IEEE Virtual Museum
EE HomePage.com Educational & career development resources
Electrical engineering
Wandsworth

Wandsworth is an inner suburb of London on the south bank of the River Thames in south-west London. Wandsworth takes its name from the River Wandle, which enters the Thames at Wandsworth. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London.
References
Areas of London
London Borough of Wandsworth
Weyersheim

Weyersheim is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Twin towns
Weyersheim is twinned with:
Rot am See, Germany, since 2000
References
Communes in Bas-Rhin
Dollar

A dollar is a type of currency. Many countries have named their money the dollar, so it is important to say which dollar is being talked about. The symbol for the dollar is a capital letter S, pierced by one or two vertical lines ($).
History
The dollar is named after the thaler. The thaler was a large silver coin first made in the year 1518. The thaler named after the Joachimsthal (Joachim's valley) mine in Bohemia (Thal means valley in German). The later Spanish Peso was the same size and was often called "Spanish dollar" and the similar coin of the Dutch Republic was called "lion dollar". In the 18th century it became a world currency. Many national currencies were originally Spanish dollars including the ones now called dollar or peso and the Japanese yen and Chinese Renminbi.
List of dollars
Australian dollar
Bahamian dollar
Barbadian dollar
Belize dollar
Canadian dollar
East Caribbean dollar
Hong Kong dollar
Namibian dollar
New Zealand dollar
Singapore dollar
United States dollar
Zimbabwean dollar
Currency
Thelma Aldana

Thelma Aldana or Thelma Esperanza Aldana Hernandez de Lopez (born September 27, 1955), is a Guatemalan lawyer. She became a judge in the Supreme Court in 2009. She was elected president of the Supreme Court from 2011 to 2011. In 2013 she replaced Claudia Paz y Paz as Guatemala's attorney general.
Work
Aldana graduated from the University of San Carlos in Guatemala. She has a Master's degree in Civil and Procedural Law.
Courts for violence against women
In 2011, when she was president of the Supreme Court, Aldana started special courts in Guatemala for femicide cases. Killing women, and violence against women became a crime in Guatemala. Eleven districts now have the special courts. Judges and police officers receive special gender crime training. Every year there are 56,000 reports of violence against women.
Against corruption
In 2015 Aldana led an investigation into government corruption. As a result, the president of Guatemala resigned.
Awards
In 2015 Aldana won the Jaime Brunet Prize for the Promotion of Human Rights from the Public University of Navarra. the prize was for her work for women's rights, against gender violence, and for the rights of the indigenous peoples, as well as against political corruption. The prize was for 36,000 euros.
In 2016, Aldana received the International Women of Courage Award
Other websites
2016 International Women of Courage Awards, U.S. State Department photostream on Flickr
Secretary's International Women of Courage Award (U.S. Department of State)
References
Judges
Guatemalan politicians
Living people
1955 births
Women who received the International Women of Courage Award
TfL Rail

TfL Rail is a metro service operated by MTR Corporation under contract to Transport for London (TfL).
Existing routes
East London
In May 2015, TfL Rail took control of the commuter service between in central London and in Essex. This branch comprises the first 14 stations on the Great Eastern Main Line. There is an interchange at Shenfield for medium- and long-distance services to East Anglia.
West London
On 20 May 2018 TfL Rail took over operation of the Heathrow Connect service between in central London and Heathrow Airport to the west. This route has nine stations.
Future plans
In December 2018, the two TfL Rail routes will merge with Crossrail to form the Elizabeth Line.
Rail transport in London
Vella, Switzerland

Vella is a former municipality in the district Surselva in the canton of Graubunden in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Vella, Cumbel, Degen, Lumbrein, Morissen, Suraua, Vignogn and Vrin merged into the new municipality of Lumnezia.
Former municipalities of Graubunden
Fernanda Young

Fernanda Maria Young de Carvalho Machado (nee Leite Young; 1 May 1970 - 25 August 2019), commonly known as Fernanda Young, was a Brazilian writer, screenwriter, television presenter, model and actress. She was born in Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro. She was known for starring and creating Os Normais and Como Aproveitar o Fim do Mundo.
Young died at a hospital in Paraisopolis, Minas Gerais from cardiopulmonary arrest caused by asthma at the age of 49.
References
Other websites
1970 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from cardiopulmonary arrest
Deaths from asthma
Brazilian screenwriters
Brazilian television presenters
Brazilian television actors
Brazilian models
Writers from Rio de Janeiro
Actors from Rio de Janeiro
Governor of California

The governor of California is the head of the state and government of the U.S. state of California and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The governor is also the head of the executive branch of the state government and is the chairman of the gubernatorial cabinet.
Gavin Newsom is the 40th and current governor of California, in office since January 2019.
Powers and duties
The governor has the power to enforce state laws and the duty to either approve or veto bills passed by the California Legislature or the California Senate to assemble the legislature and grant pardons, except in cases of impeachment.
Eligibility & requirements
Section 5 of the state's constitution states for a person to serve as governor must:
be at least eighteen years old.
be a permanent resident in California and the United States for at least five years.
Election process and gubernatorial terms
The governor is elected by the people through the popular election to a four-year term, along with the lieutenant gubernatorial candidate or the incumbent lieutenant governor of California as their running mate. The gubernatorial candidate or incumbent governor must have the majority of the popular vote in order to win the election.
Under Section 5 of the state's constitution forbids anyone from being elected governor more than twice.
Governor-elect of California
The governor-elect is the candidate who has won the state's gubernatorial election and is awaiting inauguration to become the governor.
Inauguration
The governor-elect, or incumbent governor immediately began their four-year team on inauguration day every four years in the month of January, along with the incumbent lieutenant governor and lieutenant governor-elect.
Gubernatorial line of succession
If the governor dies, reigns, or is impeached, the lieutenant governor ranks first in the succession will assume the gubernatorial office and duties.
Residence
The California Governor's Mansion is the official residence of the governor of California. It has been the official residence of every governor since 1903.
List of governors of California
1. Peter Burnett
2. John McDougal
3. John Bigler
4. J. Neely Johnson
5. John Weller
6. Milton Latham
7. John Downey
8. Leland Stanford
9. Frederick Low
10. Henry Haight
11. Newton Booth
12. Romualdo Pacheco
13. William Irwin
14. George Perkins
15. George Stoneman
16. Washington Bartlett
17. Robert Waterman
18. Henry Harrison Markham
19. James Budd
20. Henry Gage
21. George Pardee
22. James Gillett
23. Hiram Johnson
24. William Stephens
25. Friend Richardson
26. C. C. Young
27. James Rolph
28. Frank Merriam
29. Culbert Olson
30. Earl Warren
31. Goodwin Knight
32. Pat Brown
33. Ronald Reagan
34. Jerry Brown
35. George Deukmejian
36. Pete Wilson
37. Gray Davis
38. Arnold Schwarzenegger
39. Jerry Brown
40. Gavin Newsom
List of living former governors of California
Jerry Brown
Pete Wilson
Gray Davis
Arnold Schwarzenegger
Sacramento, California
Santiago de Cuba Province

Santiago de Cuba Province is the second most populated province in the island of Cuba. It has a population of about 1.2 million people. The largest city Santiago de Cuba (554,000) is its main administrative center. Other large cities include Palma Soriano (125,000), Contramaestre (88,000), Mayari Arriba (80,000), San Luis (65,000) and Songo-la Maya (50,000).
The province has many material resources such as iron and nickel. The economy, however, relies mostly on agriculture, with large plantations growing bananas, cacao and coffee dotting the landscape. Industry is growing around the capital, as is tourism. The natural beauty of the area is attracting many tourists from both the rest of Cuba and from overseas.
Santiago de Cuba province has been the site of many battles, both during the war for independence and the 1959 Cuban Revolution, where much of the guerrilla fighting took place in the mountainous province.
Municipalities
Contramaestre
Chivirico
Mella
Palma Soriano
San Luis
Santiago de Cuba
Mayari Arriba
La Maya
Cruce de los Banos
Historical use of the name
Before 1976, Cuba was divided into six provinces. One of these was Oriente province, which was, prior to 1905, known as Santiago de Cuba province. See Historical provinces of Cuba.
Other websites
Santiago.cu (in spanish)
Travel info on Santiago de Cuba
santiagoencuba.com (in spanish)
Provinces of Cuba
David Zepeda

David Zepeda (born September 19, 1973, Nogales, Sonora) is a Mexican actor, model, singer and lawyer, he is best known for his roles in telenovelas such as: Acorralada, Abismo de pasion and Por amar sin ley.
Filmography
Films
Television
Discography
References
Other websites
1973 births
Living people
Mexican lawyers
Mexican actors
Mexican singers
Mexican models
HIT: The Second Case

HIT: The Second Case is a 2022 Indian Telugu-language crime thriller film. It is written and directed by Sailesh Kolanu. It is a sequel to HIT: The First Case. It is also the second installment in the HITverse, following HIT: The First Case (2020).
HIT: The Second Case was released on 2 December 2022 and received positive reviews from critics. The movie became a commercial success by grossing 35 crores at the box office.
Cast
References
2022 thriller movies
Action thriller movies
2020s sequel movies
2020s Indian movies
Movies about missing people
Crime thriller movies
Serial killer movies
Movies about revenge
2022 movies
Hârtop

Hartop is a commune in Suceava County, Romania.
Communes in Suceava County
Marvelise

Marvelise () is a commune in the Doubs departement in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in eastern France.
Geography
Marvelise is from the Swiss border in the Jura mountains. On the east are the Hauts des Roches (502 m) and on the west the Chanois (516 m).
Population
Related pages
Communes of the Doubs department
References
Other websites
Marvelise on the intercommunal Web site of the department
Communes in Doubs
Juana Maria

Juana Maria, born on San Nicolas Island, CA, better known to history as the Lone Woman of San Nicolas Island, was a Native American woman who was the last surviving member of her tribe, the Nicoleno. She lived alone on San Nicolas Island off the coast of California from 1835 until her rescue in 1853. She died after getting dysentery. A children's book, "Island of the Blue Dolphins" was based on her.
Most of her tribe was killed in massacres, which took place in 1814. In 1835, most of the remaining tribe was brought to the mainland, where they died of different diseases. Since then, Juana Maria was probably the only person to live on the island. She was found and brought to the mainland, in 1853. At that time, no one could understand her language any more, and people could only communicate with her using hand signs. Today, only a few isolate words and two songs are known of the language.
Language
The Nicoleno language has been extinct since Juana Maria's death. It is only known from four words and two songs attributed to her. This evidence was recorded by non-speakers, because no one could be found who could understand Juana Maria. The four Nicoleno words that were translated were "tocah", meaning "animal hide", "nache", meaning "man", "toygwah", meaning "sky", and "puoochay", meaning "body".
One of the songs was recorded as follows:Toki Toki yahamimena (x3)weleshkima nishuyahamimena (x2)Toki Toki ... (continue as above)
The following text was published by an anonymous writer in Sacramento's Daily Democratic State Journal on October 13, 1853:The wild woman who was found on the island of San Nicolas about 70 miles from the coast, west of Santa Barbara, is now at the latter place and is looked upon as a curiosity. It is stated she has been some 18 to 20 years alone on the island. She existed on shell fish and the fat of the seal, and dressed in the skins and feathers of wild ducks, which she sewed together with sinews of the seal. She cannot speak any known language, is good-looking and about middle age. She seems to be contented in her new home among the good people of Santa Barbara.
References
1800s births
1853 deaths
Infectious disease deaths in California
Missing people
Native American people
People from Ventura County, California
Deaths from dysentery
Starz Distribution

Starz Distribution is an American production company known for producing Wow! Wow! Wubbzy! and Destiny's Side for Nick Jr. as well as the 2005 adaption of Lavender Castle and it's spin-off series Lavender Castle Revolution. Starz has also produced Take My Life as Regan, which has has an appearance of Riley Silverman in it.
Other websites
American entertainment companies
Companies based in Burbank, California
2000s establishments in California
Beta blocker

Beta blockers is the name for a class of drugs that inhibit the hormone adrenalin and the neurotransmitter noradrenalin. Adrenalin is mainly released in stress situations; blocking its pathway will lead to lowering the heart rate, and blood pressure.
Drugs
Cardiovascular system
Neuroscience
Scar (The Lion King)

Scar is a fictional character and the main antagonist of Walt Disney Pictures' animated movie The Lion King. He is Simba's arch-nemesis and paternal uncle, Mufasa's arch-rival and younger brother, Kion, Kopa, and Kiara's great uncle, Shenzi, Banzai and Ed's former leader and boss.
He was voiced by Jeremy Irons with singing vocals by Jim Cummings in the 1994 movie. His supervising animator was Andreas Deja. Scar is one of four Disney characters to be nominated for "Best Villain" in the MTV Movie Awards (the other three being the White Witch, Captain Barbossa and Davy Jones), and is also the only Disney animated character to have achieved this.
Animated characters
Disney characters
Kingdom Hearts characters
Fictional animals
Fictional characters introduced in 1994
Fictional murderers
The Lion King
Lions
Form taxon

A form taxon is a group of organisms based on what they look like (their morphology). Such a taxon may not reflect their biological relationships. In other words, they may not be a clade.
A good example are the terms snake and lizard, which are not good taxonomic terms because neither is a proper clade. On the other hand, all poisonous snakes and lizards are in a good clade, the Toxicofera.
Another good example are ducks. They are in the same family as swans and geese, but called "ducks" because of what they look like.
References
Taxonomy
Harskirchen

Harskirchen is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Communes in Bas-Rhin
Fellowship, Louisiana

Fellowship is an unincorporated community in La Salle Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Settlements in La Salle Parish, Louisiana
Unincorporated communities in Louisiana
Alberobello

Alberobello is a city in southern Italy. Alberobello is in the Apulia Region and has 10,735 people. It is famous for its trullo buildings. The trulli of Alberobello became a UNESCO World Heritage since 1996.
References
Other websites
Official website
Alberobello.com
Alberobello Tourism
Cities in Apulia
World Heritage Sites in Italy
Kim Stanley

Patricia Kimberley Reid (later called Kim Stanley; February 11, 1925 - August 20, 2001) was an American actress. She acted mostly in theater and television. She also acted in a few movies.
Stanley began her acting career in theater. She received the 1952 Theatre World Award for her role in The Chase (1952). During the 1950s, she worked a lot in television. She played Emily Ann Faulkner in The Goddess (1959). She later played Adult Scout in To Kill a Mockingbird.
Stanley was born in Tularosa, New Mexico. She died in Santa Fe, New Mexico from uterine cancer.
References
American television actors
American stage actors
American movie actors
Actors from New Mexico
1925 births
2001 deaths
Postal codes in the United Kingdom

UK postal codes are known as postcodes.
UK postcodes use letters and numbers. The British Prime Minister's postcode at 10 Downing Street is SW1A 2AA.
These codes were started by the Royal Mail over a 15-year period from 1959 to 1974 - the full list is now available electronically from the Royal Mail as the Postcode Address File. They were made to help electronically sort mail.
Postcodes are now used for many other purposes such as insurance calculations, and as a way to describe United Kingdom places to sat navs.
United Kingdom
Postal services in the United Kingdom
Abdelhamid Brahimi

Abdelhamid Brahimi () (April 2, 1936 - August 15, 2021) was an Algerian politician. He was Prime Minister of Algeria under Chadli Bendjedid from January 22, 1984, until November 5, 1988. Brahimi was born in Constantine, Algeria.
Brahimi died on August 15, 2021 in Algiers, Algeria at the age of 85.
References
1936 births
2021 deaths
Prime Ministers of Algeria
The Strat

The Strat (formerly Stratosphere and Vegas World) is a hotel, casino and tower located on Las Vegas Boulevard just north of the Las Vegas Strip in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States.
The tower's main attraction is the Stratosphere Tower, the tallest freestanding observation tower in the United States, and the second-tallest in the Western Hemisphere, surpassed only by the CN Tower in Toronto, Ontario.
It is the tallest tower west of the Mississippi River and also the tallest structure in Las Vegas and in the state of Nevada.
References
Hotels in Las Vegas
Casinos
United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs

The United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs is the head of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs, the department in charge of taking care of the affairs of war veterans. The Secretary is a member of the Cabinet and second to last at 17th in the line of succession to the presidency (the position was last until the United States Department of Homeland Security was added in 2006). To date, all appointees and acting appointees to the post have been United States military veterans, but that is not a requirement to fill the position.
When the position of Secretary is vacant, the United States Deputy Secretary of Veterans Affairs or another person picked by the President serves as Acting Secretary until the President picks and the United States Senate confirms a new Secretary.
List of Secretaries of Veterans Affairs
Parties
(2)
(3)
(6)
Status
Anthony Principi served as Acting Secretary in his capacity as Deputy Secretary of Veterans Affairs September 26, 1992 - January 20, 1993.
Hershel W. Gober served as Acting Secretary in his capacity as Deputy Secretary of Veterans Affairs July 1, 1997 - January 2, 1998 and July 25, 2000 - January 20, 2001.
West served as Acting Secretary from January 2, 1998 to May 5, 1998.
Gordon H. Mansfield served as Acting Secretary in his capacity as Deputy Secretary of Veterans Affairs October 1 - December 20, 2007.
Living former Secretaries of Veterans Affairs
Edward Joseph Derwinski
Anthony Joseph Principi
Robert James Nicholson
James Peake
Robert A. McDonald
Eric Shinseki
David Shulkin
References
1989 establishments in the United States
Oregon, Illinois

Oregon is a city in Ogle County, Illinois, United States. Oregon is also the county seat. The population was 3,721 people in the 2010 census.
Cities in Illinois
County seats in Illinois
Martin Bregman

Martin "Marty" Bregman (May 18, 1926 - June 16, 2018) was an American movie producer. He was born in New York City. Bregman produced many movies including Scarface, Sea of Love, Venom, Serpico, Dog Day Afternoon, The Four Seasons, Betsy's Wedding, Carlito's Way, Carlito's Way: Rise to Power, The Bone Collector and The Adventures of Pluto Nash.
Bregman died of a cerebral hemorrhage in New York City on June 16, 2018 at the age of 92.
References
Other websites
1926 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
Movie producers from New York City
Leopold, Duke of Lorraine

Leopold, I Duke of Lorraine (11 September 1679 - 27 March 1729) nicknamed the Good, was the ruling Duke of Lorraine and Bar from 1690 to his death. He was named in honour of his uncle Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I. He was also responsible for the creation of the Chateau de Luneville which was used as the ducal residence during his lifetime.
The eldest son of Eleanor of Austria and Charles V of Lorraine, He was from a long established House of Lorraine which had ruled over the small sovereign Duchy of Lorraine since 1473.
Life as duke
He was in exile and Lorraine was occupied by France until 30 October 1697, when it was returned to Leopold; it was again occupied by France from 1702 to 1714, although the duke remained in place. Following Leopold's death, his wife would act as regenbt for their son Francis until he gained his majority.
Marriage
Leopold married Elisabeth Charlotte d'Orleans, a niece of Louis XIV of France. The match was designed to improve relations between Lorraine and its larger and more powerful neighbour. (Lorraine having been for many years in the possession of France)
Leopold and Elisabeth Charlotte was finally married on 13 October 1698 at the Palace of Fontainebleau, Elisabeth Charlotte was given a large dowry. The couple eventually had 14 children in total, even though Leopold would often see his mistress the wife of Marc de Beauvau known as the "Princess of Craon".
Issue
Leopold, Hereditary Prince of Lorraine (26 August 1699 - 2 April 1700) died in infancy.
Princess Elisabeth Charlotte of Lorraine (21 October 1700 - 4 May 1711) died of smallpox.
Princess Louise Christine of Lorraine (13 November 1701 - 18 November 1701) died in infancy.
Princess Marie Gabriele Charlotte of Lorraine (30 December 1702 - 11 May 1711) died of smallpox.
Louis, Hereditary Prince of Lorraine (28 January 1704 - 10 May 1711) died of smallpox.
Princess Josephine Gabriele of Lorraine (16 February 1705 - 25 March 1708) died in infancy.
Princess Gabriele Louise of Lorraine (4 March 1706 - 13 June 1710) died in infancy.
Leopold Clement, Hereditary Prince of Lorraine (25 April 1707 - 4 June 1723) died unmarried.
Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor (8 December 1708 - 18 August 1765) married Maria Theresa of Austria and had issue.
Eleonore of Lorraine (4 June 1710 - 28 July 1710) died in infancy.
Princess Elisabeth Therese of Lorraine (15 October 1711 - 3 July 1741) married King Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia and had issue.
Prince Charles Alexandre of Lorraine (12 December 1712 - 4 July 1780) married Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria and had issue.
Princess Anne Charlotte of Lorraine (17 May 1714 - 7 November 1773) died unmarried.
Stillborn daughter (28 November 1718).
Later life
Having worked hard to restore the duchy throughout his reign as a result of it being destroyed by the various wars throughout Leopold's life.
In March 1729, Leopold caught a fever while walking at the Chateau at Menil near Luneville. He returned to Luneville where he died on 27 March, aged 49.
1679 births
1729 deaths
Dukes and duchesses
House of Lorraine
Sainte-Cécile, Vendée

Sainte-Cecile is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France.
Communes in Vendee