pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Lüterkofen-Ichertswil

Luterkofen-Ichertswil is a municipality of the Bucheggberg district in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland. It was created in 1961 from the merger of the two independent municipalities of Luterkofen and Ichertswil.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of the canton of Solothurn
Srećko Štiglić

Srecko Stiglic (11 June 1943 - 10 September 2020) was a Croatian hammer thrower. He competed for SFR Yugoslavia in the 1972 Summer Olympics. Stiglic's personal best was 70.10 m, set in 1981. He was born in Zagreb, Yugoslavia.
Stiglic died on 10 September 2020 at the age of 77.
References
1943 births
2020 deaths
Yugoslavian athletes
Yugoslavian Olympians
Hammer throwers
Hélène Carrère d'Encausse

Helene Carrere d'Encausse (born Helene Zourabichvili; 6 July 1929 - 5 August 2023) was a French historian. She was the permanent secretary of the Academie francaise. She was a well known historian, specializing in Russian history. She was a recipient of Lomonosov Gold Medal in 2008.
Carrere d'Encausse was born in Paris. She was a graduate of the elite Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris (Sciences Po).
She was elected to seat 14 of the Academie francaise in 1990, and her academician's sword was made by the sculptor Goudji. She became permanent secretary on 21 October 1999. Even though she was the first woman in a leading role at the Academie Francaise, she insisted on using the masculine form as her title.
In her book L'Empire eclate published in 1978 she predicted the fall of the Soviet Union.
She was awarded Grand Cross with Star of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland (2011).
Carrere d'Encausse died in Paris on 5 August 2023, at the age of 94.
References
1929 births
2023 deaths
French historians
Writers from Paris
Lisa Monaco

Lisa Oudens Monaco (born February 25, 1968) is an American attorney and politician. Monaco is the 39th and current United States Deputy Attorney General since April 2021 during the Joe Biden administration. She was the Homeland Security Adviser to President Barack Obama.
Career
Monaco was the Assistant Attorney General for National Security from 2011 to 2013, and as the Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General in the Justice Department.
In 2017, Monaco became a senior national security analyst for CNN.
On January 6, 2021 President-elect Joe Biden nominated Monaco to become United States Deputy Attorney General under his administration. She was confirmed by the United States Senate on April 20, 2021 with a 98-2 vote and sworn-in the next day.
References
1968 births
Living people
CNN people
Politicians from Boston
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
United States Deputy Attorneys General
Lawyers from Boston
Francesco Moriero

Francesco Moriero (born 31 March, 1969) is a former Italian football player. He has played for Italy national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1986-87||rowspan="6"|Lecce||rowspan="2"|Serie B||1||0
|-
|1987-88||35||3
|-
|1988-89||rowspan="3"|Serie A||32||0
|-
|1989-90||29||1
|-
|1990-91||27||1
|-
|1991-92||Serie B||34||6
|-
|1992-93||rowspan="2"|Cagliari||rowspan="2"|Serie A||27||4
|-
|1993-94||27||0
|-
|1994-95||rowspan="3"|Roma||rowspan="3"|Serie A||28||2
|-
|1995-96||27||3
|-
|1996-97||20||3
|-
|1997-98||rowspan="3"|Internazionale Milano||rowspan="3"|Serie A||28||3
|-
|1998-99||11||1
|-
|1999-00||17||2
|-
|2000-01||rowspan="2"|Napoli||Serie A||14||1
|-
|2001-02||Serie B||10||1
367||30
367||30
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1998||7||2
|-
|1999||1||0
|-
!Total||8||2
|}
References
1969 births
Living people
Italian footballers
Italian football managers
People from Lecce
Las Reinas Del Pueblo

Las Reinas Del Pueblo (English: The Queens of The People) is a compilation album by Mexican-American Tejano pop singer, Selena and Tejano singer Graciela Beltran. The album was released several weeks after Selena's murder. The album impacted several music charts on Billboard.
Track listing
Como La Flor - (with Selena)
Baraja de Oro - (with Graciela Beltran)
No Debes Jugar - (with Selena)
Pilares de Cristal - (with Graciela Beltran)
Bidi Bidi Bom Bom - (with Selena)
Tu Me Dijiste Adios - (with Graciela Beltran)
La Llamada - (with Selena)
Mi Triunfo - (with Graciela Beltran)
?Que Creias? - (with Selena)
Tu Recado - (with Graciela Beltran)
La Carcacha - (with Selena)
Morena y Delgadita - (with Graciela Beltran)
Charts
Album
References
1995 albums
Selena albums
Compilation albums
Saint-Fulgent

Saint-Fulgent is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France.
References
Communes in Vendee
Châtel-de-Neuvre

Chatel-de-Neuvre is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
The Dream Makers II

The Dream Makers II (, also The Dream Makers 2 or ZZSF2) is a Singaporean drama television series. It is produced and shown on Mediacorp Channel 8. It is a sequel to the 2013 series The Dream Makers. It began its run from 4 December 2015. There are 32 episodes. It stars Zoe Tay, Li Nanxing, Huang Biren, Jeanette Aw, Rui En, Qi Yuwu, Romeo Tan, Julie Tan, Zhang Zhenhuan, Ian Fang, Chen Meifeng and Damian Lau as the main characters. The show is Channel 8's end-year blockbuster for 2015.
Cast
Zoe Tay as Zhou Weiyun
Li Nanxing as Lin Tao
Huang Biren as Guan Xie En
Rui En as Fang Tonglin
Qi Yuwu as Jason Lam
Jeanette Aw as Zhao Fei'er
Romeo Tan as Zhong Yiming
Julie Tan as Dong Zihuai
Zhang Zhenhuan as Chen Guang
Ian Fang as Joey
Damian Lau as Zheng Shouyi
Chen Meifeng as Zhong Qianyi
Wang Yuqing as Qin Wenxu
Li Wenhai as MD Chong
Choy Peng Hoy as Yalian
Rayson Tan as Richard Ma
Tracy Lee as Diana
Richard Low as Zhao De
Edwin Goh as Eddy
Damien Teo as Eden
Eelyn Kok as Meiling
Yan Bingliang as Chen Dongqiang
Yao Wenlong as Zheng Shoude
Chen Hanwei (special appearance)
Trivia
This is Zoe Tay and Huang Biren's first drama collaboration in 27 years.
This is Hong Kong TVB actor Damian Lau's second Singaporean drama series after Dare To Strike, and Taiwanese actress Chen Meifeng's first Singaporean drama.
Accolades
Star Awards 2016 Backstage Achievement Awards -
Loh Woon Woon and Wong Foong Hwee were nominated for Best Director, to which Loh won.
Rebecca Leow was nominated for Best Screenplay.
Kee Chee Wee was nominated for Best Programme Promo.
Tommy Lee Heng Soon was nominated for Best Cameraman (for Drama Programmes).
Simon Poon, Joyce Teo and Steven Lee were nominated for Best Editing for Drama Programme, to which Poon won.
Star Awards 2016 Part 2 -
<<Zhong Yu >> won the Best Theme Song.
Damien Teo won the Young Talent Award.
Edwin Goh and Zhang Zhenhuan are nominated for Best Supporting Actor, to which Zhang won.
Julie Tan won the Best Supporting Actress.
Romeo Tan and Qi Yuwu are nominated for Best Actor, to which Qi won.
Jeanette Aw, Rui En and Zoe Tay are nominated for Best Actress, to which Aw won.
The series won the Best Drama Serial. It is one of the five dramas to be nominated for both the Best Drama Serial and Best Theme Song, along with 118, Crescendo, The Journey: Our Homeland and Tiger Mum.
Star Awards 2016 Post Show Party -
Jeanette Aw, Rui En and Huang Biren are nominated for Favourite Female Character. Despite Aw's wish to withdraw from voting-based award categories, she is nominated for "Favourite Female Character" and "Favourite Onscreen Couple" again. Aw won the award once again.
Qi Yuwu and Rui En, Qi Yuwu and Jeanette Aw, and Zhang Zhenhuan and Julie Tan are nominated for Favourite Onscreen Couple (Drama). Qi and Aw won the award.
Romeo Tan won the London Choco Roll Happiness Award.
References
Singaporean television programs
Chinese language
2015 television series debuts
Drama television series
2015 establishments in Asia
2010s establishments in Singapore
Rieke metals

Rieke metals are a group of metal powders made by Reuben D. Rieke. They have a large surface area and are very reactive.
Iron
Sévignacq

Sevignacq is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
References
Communes in Pyrenees-Atlantiques
Footloose (song)

"Footloose" is a 1984 song by Kenny Loggins and taken from the soundtrack to the 1984 movie Footloose. It topped the charts in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa and the United States and made the top 10 in Austria, Germany, Ireland, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1985. It was covered by Blake Shelton for the 2011 remake.
References
1984 songs
1980s ballads
Kenny Loggins songs
Blake Shelton songs
Pop rock songs
Ardèche (river)

The Ardeche () is a long river in south-central France, a right-bank tributary of the River Rhone. The river gives its name to the French department of Ardeche.
Geography
The Ardeche river has a length of and a drainage basin with an area of approximately .
Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is 64.8 cubic metres per second at Saint-Martin-d'Ardeche in the Gard department.
Course
The Ardeche river starts in the Massif Central, within the Parc naturel regional des Monts d'Ardeche ("Regional nature park Mountains of Ardeche"), in the commune of Astet (Ardeche department), at an elevation of about .
It then flows roughly to the southwest and, after the towns of Aubenas and Ruoms, it gets into its famous gorge (or canyon) below Vallon-Pont-d'Arc.
The valley of the Ardeche is very scenic, in particular a section known as the Ardeche Gorges (or the Canyon of Ardeche). The walls of the river here are limestone cliffs up to high. A kayak and camping trip down the gorge is not technically difficult and is very popular in the summer. The most famous feature is a natural stone arch across the river known as the Pont d'Arc.
Finally, the river flows into the Rhone river, on the right side, near the commune Pont-Saint-Esprit, Gard department.
Communes
The Ardeche passes through the following regions, departments and communes:
Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes
Ardeche :
Astet
Mayres
Barnas
Thueyts
Pont-de-Labeaume
Fabras
Lalevade-d'Ardeche
Vals-les-Bains
Labegude
Ucel
Aubenas
Saint-Privat
Saint-Didier-sous-Aubenas
Saint-Etienne-de-Fontbellon
Vogue
Lanas
Saint-Maurice-d'Ardeche
Balazuc
Chauzon
Pradons
Ruoms
Labeaume
Saint-Alban-Auriolles
Sampzon
Vallon-Pont-d'Arc
Salavas
Labastide-de-Virac
Saint-Remeze
Saint-Martin-d'Ardeche
Saint-Just
Occitanie
Gard :
Aigueze
Saint-Julien-de-Peyrolas
Saint-Paulet-de-Caisson
Pont-Saint-Esprit
Main tributaries
The main tributaries of the Ardeche river are:
Left tributaries:
Fontoliere - 21 km
Volane - 21 km
Sandron - 18 km
Luol - 19 km
Auzon - 26 km
Ibie - 33 km
Right tributaries:
Lignon - 21 km
Ligne - 23 km
Beaume - 44 km
Chassezac - 85 km
Gallery
Related pages
List of rivers of France
References
Other websites
Banque Hydro - Station V5064010 - The Ardeche at Saint-Martin-d'Ardeche (Sauze St. Martin) - (option Synthese)
Ardeche
Rivers of Occitanie
Rivers of Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes
Millersburg, Iowa

Millersburg is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Disney Junior (Latin American TV channel)

Disney Junior is a cable and satellite television channel in Hispanic America.
Other websites
Disney Junior Argentina
Disney Junior Mexico
Television channels
Bitter orange

The bitter orange, Seville orange, or marmalade orange is a citrus tree (Citrus x aurantium) and its fruit. It is a hybrid between Citrus maxima (pomelo) and Citrus reticulata (mandarin).
References
Medicinal plants
Citrus
Climacoceratidae

Climacoceratide is a family of artiodactyls which lived in Miocene in Africa. They're closely related to giraffes, with some genera, like Prolibytherium previously classified as giraffes.
The climacoceratids, named after one of their members, Climacoceras, were previously placed in the family Palaeomerycidae, then in Giraffidae. In 1978, W.D. Hamilton made a new family, placing it near Giraffidae in the superfamily Giraffoidea.
They differ from giraffes as their ossicones are from different bones.
Mammals
Miocene
Alpine Fire

Alpine Fire () is a 1985 Swiss drama movie directed by Fredi M. Murer and starring Thomas Nock, Johanna Lier, Dorthea Moritz, Rolf Illig.
Other websites
1985 drama movies
Swiss drama movies
Movies directed by Fredi M. Murer
Thermopause

The thermopause is part of the planet Earth's atmosphere. It is the top of the thermosphere.
Atmosphere
Earth sciences
Laborer

A laborer or labourer is a worker who does manual labor jobs for a living.
Labor
Mary Peters (politician)

Mary E. Peters (born December 4, 1948) was the United States Secretary of Transportation. She is the second woman and first Arizonan to hold the position. Peters joined the Arizona Department of Transportation in 1985, and was appointed by Gov. Jane Dee Hull to serve as its director in 1998. In 2006, President Bush appointed Peters as the Co-Vice Chairwoman of the National Surface Transportation Policy and Revenue Study Commission.
References
United States Secretaries of Transportation
Politicians from Phoenix, Arizona
1948 births
Living people
Huey P. Newton

Huey Percy Newton (February 17, 1942 - August 22, 1989) was an African-American political activist and communist anarchist. Along with Bobby Seale, he co-founded the Black Panther Party in 1966.
In 1989, he was shot and killed during a drug deal in Oakland, California, aged 47.
References
1942 births
1989 deaths
American murder victims
Murders by firearm in California
American political activists
American anarchists
American communists
Writers from Louisiana
Politicians from Louisiana
Rosalyn Yalow

Rosalyn Yalow (July 19, 1921 May 30, 2011) was an American medical physicist.
Early life
Yalow was born on July 19, 1921 in the Bronx, New York City. She graduated from Hunter College in 1941. She also went to a all-female college in New York called Hunter College. Yalow was Jewish. This made it difficult to become a scientist, due to prejudice. She continued trying. Yalow got a PhD from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Work
Yalow became a consultant in nuclear physics at the Bronx Veteran's Administration Hospital in 1947. She was assistant chief of radioisotope service in 1950. She was made a research professor at the Sinai School of Medicine in New York City in 1968. In 1973, she was made head of Solomon A. Berson Research Laboratory at the Bronx Veteran's Administration Hospital.
Accomplishments
Yalow won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1977. She was the second woman to win that prize. She shared the award with Roger Guillemin and Andrew Schally.
Yalow was known for the creation of the radioimmunoassay (RIA). The RIA labeled things in the blood with radioactive marks. Yalow and Solomon Berson first used the RIA in 1959. It was first used to study the insulin in blood of diuabetics ( people with diabetes). This was an advancement that helped many people with diabetes.
References
1921 births
2011 deaths
American physicists
People from New York City
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine winners
People from the Bronx
New-age music

New-age music is a type of music which is often related to New Age belief. It is usually soft and instrumental; it means, only few New Age music pieces have a singer. New Age music is good for resting, thinking and meditation.
One of the first people in this genre was Stephen Halpern. He created music to be used for meditation. He could not find a record company for his works, so he published them himself and sold them in New Age stores. His music is very relaxing and has a slow rhythm.
Some of the famous artists who work in this field are Yanni, Kitaro, Jean Ven Robert Hal, Loreena McKennitt, Vangelis, Enya and George Winston.
References
New Age music
Långsele

Langsele is a locality in Solleftea Municipality in Vasternorrland County in Sweden. In 2010, 1,584 people lived there.
References
Settlements in Vasterbotten County
Wade Robson

Wade Jeremy Robson (born 1982) is an Australian professional dancer, choreographer, producer, and songwriter. He has performed as a dancer since the age of 5 with celebrities such as Michael Jackson and Britney Spears, and is also an award-winning choreographer, known for his own MTV show Wade Robson Project, and the broadcast competition So You Think You Can Dance. In 1994 he released an album as part of the hip hop group Quo.
Personal life
On May 1 2013 Robson sued Michael Jackson's estate. He did not sue Jackson because Jackson died in 2009. He said that Jackson sexually abused him from the age of 7 to 14. He said that he would sue Jackson's father Joe for slander if he did not stop saying that Robson is lying. He and fellow accuser James Safechuck told their stories in the controversial documentary Leaving Neverland in 2019.
References
Other websites
Official website
Tremaine Dance profile
MTV biography
Ask Men entry
PopGurls 20 Questions with Wade Robson
1982 births
Living people
Australian dancers
Australian choreographers
People from Brisbane
Martisberg

Martisberg was a municipality in the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2014, the former municipalities of Martisberg and Betten merged into the new municipality of Bettmeralp.
Former municipalities of Valais
2018 FIFA World Cup Group H

Group H of the 2018 FIFA World Cup took place from 19 to 28 June 2018. The group consists of Poland, Senegal, Colombia, and Japan. The top two teams will advance to the round of 16.
Teams
Notes
Standings
In the round of 16:
The winners of Group H will advance to play the runners-up of Group G.
The runners-up of Group H will advance to play the winners of Group G.
Matches
All times listed are local time.
Colombia vs Japan
Poland vs Senegal
Japan vs Senegal
Poland vs Colombia
Japan vs Poland
Senegal vs Colombia
References
Other websites
2018 FIFA World Cup Group H , FIFA.com
2018 FIFA World Cup
Anstaing

Anstaing () is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 1,511 people lived there.
References
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Fluoroantimonic acid

Fluoroantimonic acid is a mixture of hydrogen fluoride and Antimony pentafluoride.
This substance is a superacid that can be more than 1015 times stronger than pure sulfuric acid, depending on the proportion of its ingredients. Extreme care must be taken when handling and storing fluoroantimonic acid, as it is exceptionally corrosive. For example, it cannot be contained directly in glass containers as it will dissolve glass, but can be stored in containers lined with PTFE (Teflon).
Antimony compounds
Fluorine compounds
Acids
A View to a Kill

A View to a Kill is a 1985 British American spy action movie directed by John Glen and is the 14th movie in the James Bond franchise. It stars Roger Moore, Christopher Walken, Grace Jones, Tanya Roberts, Patrick Macnee, David Yip, Willoughby Gray, Alison Doody, Robert Brown, Lois Maxwell, Geoffrey Keen, Desmond Llewelyn, Dolph Lundgren and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The British pop band Duran Duran sing the title song of the movie.
Other websites
1980s spy movies
1985 action movies
American spy movies
1980s American action movies
James Bond movies
MGM movies
Roger Moore
Movies directed by John Glen
Movies composed by John Barry
Movies set in London
Movies set in Paris
Movies set in Russia
Movies set in San Francisco
Movies about technology
Cold War movies
Chess symbols in Unicode

Unicode has characters of chess symbols. This means that chess symbols can be encoded as text instead of images. Algebraic notation (text that shows where to move a chess piece) can be typed using the symbol of the piece. For example, c6 instead of Nc6.
Symbols
The symbols in this table are from the Unicode block named Miscellaneous Symbols. Other chess symbols are in the Chess Symbols block.
References
Chess
Symbols
Typography
George Enescu

George Enescu (August 19, 1881, Liveni - May 4, 1955, Paris) was a Romanian composer. He was born in Liveni, Romania. He studied the violin at the Vienna Conservatory. He moved to Paris in 1895 to study composition at the Paris Conservatoire with Jules Massenet and then Gabriel Faure. Other students at this time were Maurice Ravel and Charles Koechlin.
In 1927 he taught the violin to Yehudi Menuhin.
References
1881 births
1955 deaths
Romanian composers
Miracle (Chvrches song)

"Miracle" is a 2018 song by the Scottish synth-pop band Chvrches. It is the fourth single from their third studio album Love Is Dead which was released in 2018.
References
2018 songs
Chvrches songs
Renieblas

Renieblas is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and Leon in Spain.
Municipalities in Castile and Leon
Settlements in Soria
Uffe Ellemann-Jensen

Uffe Ellemann-Jensen (, informal: (1 November 1941 - 18 June 2022) was a Danish politician. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1982 to 1993. He was leader of the Danish Liberal Party Venstre from 1984 to 1998 and President of the European Liberals from 1995 to 2000. Ellemann-Jensen was born in Haarby, Denmark.
Ellemann-Jensen was diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2011 and in 2019, the cancer metastasized to his spine. He died on 19 June 2022 from the disease in Copenhagen, Denmark at the age of 80.
References
1941 births
2022 deaths
Cancer deaths in Denmark
Deaths from prostate cancer
Deaths from spinal cancer
Danish politicians
Jondachi tree frog

The Jondachi tree frog (Hyloscirtus staufferorum) is a frog. It lives in Ecuador. Scientists have seen it between 2040 and 2500 meters above sea level.
References
Frogs of South America
Rudi Hoffmann

Rudi Hoffmann (born 11 February, 1935) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
International career statistics
|-
|1955||1||0
|-
!Total||1||0
|}
References
1935 births
Living people
German footballers
Sportspeople from Baden-Wurttemberg
Muriel Pavlow

Muriel Lilian Pavlow (27 June 1921 - 19 January 2019) was an English actress. Her mother was French and her father was Russian.
Career
Pavlow began work as a child actress with John Gielgud and the Royal Shakespeare Company in the 1930s.
Pavlow's roles include the Maltese girl Maria in Malta Story (1953), where she played alongside Alec Guinness; Joy, the girlfriend of Simon Sparrow, in Doctor in the House (1954); Thelma Bader, the wife of the Second World War fighter pilot Douglas Bader (played by fellow Doctor in the House cast member Kenneth More) in Reach for the Sky (1956); and the daughter of an irascible curmudgeon (played by fellow Doctor in the House cast member, James Robertson Justice) in Murder, She Said (1961).
Pavlow retired in 2009.
Personal life
Pavlow was born in Lewisham, East London, England. She was married to the actor Derek Farr from 1947 until his death in 1986. She died on 19 January 2019 at the age of 97.
Filmography
Sing As We Go (1934)
A Romance in Flanders (1937)
Quiet Wedding (1941)
Night Boat to Dublin (1946)
Code of Scotland Yard (1947)
Out of True (1951)
It Started in Paradise (1952)
The Net (1953)
Malta Story (1953)
Conflict of Wings (1954)
Doctor in the House (1954)
Simon and Laura (1955)
Reach for the Sky (1956)
Eyewitness (1956)
Tiger in the Smoke (1956)
Doctor at Large (1957)
Rooney (1958)
Whirlpool (1959)
Murder, She Said (1961)
Glorious 39 (2009)
References
Other websites
1921 births
2019 deaths
English movie actors
English television actors
English stage actors
Actors from London
Actors from Kent
Shipai metro station

Shipai is a metro station on the Tamsui-Xinyi Line in Taipei, Taiwan. The station code is R19.
Station layout information
The station platforms are above ground level. Platform 1 is for Tamsui or Beitou and Platform 2 is for Xiangshan or Daan.
Railway stations in Taipei
Little River, California

Little River (also known as Littleriver, Bell's Harbor, and Kent's Landing) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Mendocino County, California.
Census-designated places in California
Settlements in Mendocino County, California
Qinling Mountains

The Qinling Mountains (Traditional Chinese: Qin Ling , Simplified Chinese: Qin Ling ) are a major mountain range. Most of them are in the Eastern province of Shaanxi, in China. The mountains provide a natural boundary between the North and South of the country. They support a large variety of plants and wildlife, some of which is found nowhere else on Earth.
Mountains of China
Carbon-12

Carbon-12 (also written 12C) is an isotope of carbon. It is the most common isotope of carbon, as 98.89% of all carbon is this type of carbon. It is one of two stable (non-radioactive) isotopes of carbon. The other is carbon-13.
Carbon-12 is important in chemistry as it is the benchmark from which all other relative atomic masses are worked out. Its relative atomic mass is exactly 12.
Related pages
Avogadro constant
Isotopes
Carbon
Gordon Forbes

Gordon Forbes (21 February 1934 - 9 December 2020) was a South African professional tennis player and author. During the 1950s and 1960s, he was the doubles partner of countryman Abe Segal. He was born in Burgersdorp, Cape Province. Forbes won the singles title of the South African Championships in 1959 and 1961 and was runner-up in 1955, 1962, 1963 and 1964.
He played for the South African Davis Cup team in 14 ties in the period 1955 to 1963 and had a record of 20 wins and 11 losses.
Forbes died of COVID-19 on 9 December 2020 in Plettenberg Bay, Cape Province at the age of 86.
References
1934 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa
South African tennis players
Male tennis players
Primo Levi

Primo Levi (31 July 1919 - 11 April 1987) was an Italian Jewish chemist and writer. He was the author of two novels and many short stories, poems and essays. His best-known book is If This Is a Man, a true story about his time as a prisoner in the Auschwitz concentration camp during World War II.
Levi was an atheist and born in Turin.
Partial bibliography
Se questo e un uomo (If This Is a Man, 1947 and 1958)
La tregua (The Truce, 1963)
Il sistema periodico (The Periodic Table, 1975)
La chiave a stella (The Wrench, 1978)
La ricerca delle radici (The Search for Roots: A Personal Anthology, 1981)
Se non ora, quando? (If Not Now, When?, 1984)
L'altrui mestiere (Other People's Trades, 1985)
I sommersi e i salvati (The Drowned and the Saved, 1986)
References
1919 births
1987 deaths
Chemists
Holocaust survivors
Italian atheists
Italian Jews
Italian poets
Italian writers
Jewish atheists
Jewish scientists
Jewish writers
People from Turin
Suicides by jumping
Bruno N'Gotty

Bruno N'Gotty (born 10 June 1971) is a French football player. He has played for France national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1987/88||rowspan="8"|Olympique Lyonnais||rowspan="2"|Division 2||1||0||||||||||||||1||0
|-
|1988/89||30||1||||||||||||||30||1
|-
|1989/90||rowspan="6"|Division 1||27||0||||||||||||||27||0
|-
|1990/91||37||2||||||||||||||37||2
|-
|1991/92||36||1||||||||||||||36||1
|-
|1992/93||36||3||||||||||||||36||3
|-
|1993/94||36||3||||||||||||||36||3
|-
|1994/95||35||3||||||||||||||35||3
|-
|1995/96||rowspan="3"|Paris Saint-Germain||rowspan="3"|Division 1||24||1||||||||||||||24||1
|-
|1996/97||30||4||||||||||||||30||4
|-
|1997/98||26||2||||||||||||||26||2
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="2"|Milan||rowspan="2"|Serie A||25||1||||||||||||||25||1
|-
|1999/00||9||0||||||||||||||9||0
|-
|1999/00||Venezia||Serie A||16||0||||||||||||||16||0
|-
|2000/01||rowspan="2"|Olympique Marseille||rowspan="2"|Division 1||30||0||||||||||||||30||0
|-
|2001/02||2||0||||||||||||||2||0
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="5"|Bolton Wanderers||rowspan="5"|Premier League||26||1||0||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||29||1
|-
|2002/03||23||1||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||24||1
|-
|2003/04||33||2||0||0||6||1||colspan="2"|-||39||3
|-
|2004/05||37||0||4||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||41||0
|-
|2005/06||29||0||2||0||1||0||7||1||39||1
|-
|2006/07||Birmingham City||League Championship||25||1||2||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||27||2
|-
|2007/08||Leicester City||League Championship||38||0||1||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||43||0
|-
|2008/09||Hereford United||League One||8||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||8||0
350||20||||||||||||||350||20
50||1||||||||||||||50||1
219||5||10||1||14||1||7||1||250||8
619||26||10||1||14||1||7||1||650||29
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1994||1||0
|-
|1995||0||0
|-
|1996||1||0
|-
|1997||4||0
|-
!Total||6||0
|}
References
1971 births
Living people
French footballers
Sportspeople from Lyon
Wunsiedel (district)

Wunsiedel () is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany.
The district is in the mountains of the Fichtelgebirge, with the highest elevation the 1051 m high Schneeberg. The river Ohre () starts in the district.
Towns and municipalities
References
Other websites
Official website (German)
Districts of Bavaria
Surauli Buzurg

Surauli Buzurg, is a village under Sumerpur block, Uttar Pradesh in India. It is near the bank of Yamuna river.
Education
The village has a primary school.
Gallery
References
Uttar Pradesh
Boscobel House

Boscobel House is a house on the Shropshire/Staffordshire border, near Wolverhamptonand Albrighton, England. It was built around 1632 when landowner John Gifford of White Ladies Priory turned a farmhouse into a hunting lodge. Charles II famously hid in a tree at the Boscobel House to escape discovery by Parliamentary soldiers after the Battle of Worcester in 1651. The tree became known as the Royal Oak
42 days after the Battle of Worcester, Charles escaped to France on a coal ship called Surprise. Nine years later, Charles ll was invited back to England to become king. In 1660, he came back to England to be the king and Charles named that day "Oak apple day".
Related pages
Escape of Charles II
Other websites
BBC on Boscobel House
English Heritage entry: Boscobel House
Roland Film's Documentary on the Restoration of Boscobel House
Postcard images from a personal site
Buildings and structures in Shropshire
Songbird (Oasis song)

"Songbird" is a song by English rock band Oasis, from their fifth studio album Heathen Chemistry, and is the first single by Oasis written by vocalist Liam Gallagher.
Liam has said of the song: "I like beautiful things . . . It's not all dark in Liam World. I take me shades off every now and again and have a look at the world and see some nice things." Noel Gallagher stated jokingly in an interview with Patrick Kielty that Liam decided to "write a song about his bird", and states the title "Song . . . bird" in a cave man like manner. The song was written as a tribute to then-fiancee Nicole Appleton. "Songbird" was composed in the key of G major using common time at 132 beats per minute.
"Songbird blew my head off when I first heard it because it was that f--king simple and that direct. But when Liam plays you a song he wants you to instantly f--king drop dead on the spot and then, when you come around, stab yourself in the heart and be in awe of the f--king sonic ability of the man."
The song was released as the fourth single from the band's Heathen Chemistry album, on 3 February 2003 and peaked at number 3 in the UK charts. It is included on the band's compilation album Stop the Clocks. Being written by lead singer Liam Gallagher, it was the first time the band had released a single not written by his brother Noel. "(You've Got) The Heart of the Star" and "Columbia" are B-sides, the latter of which was recorded live at the Glasgow Barrowlands, in October 2001.
The demo of the song is a typical Oasis approach to the song, featuring overdriven guitar and a stronger beat, as well as a guitar solo. Courtney Love has said that she and Liam played a version with her whistling and Gallagher playing guitar and singing, this was noted in the book Kurt and Courtney: Talking. Gallagher played the song for UK Radio Aid in January 2005.
2003 songs
Oasis (band) songs
Lane County, Oregon

Lane County is a county in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the county has a population of 382,971 people, making it the fourth-most populous county in Oregon. The county seat is Eugene.
References
Oregon counties
Danilo Gomes

Danilo Gomes may refer to:
Danilo Gustavo Vergne Gomes (born 1981), Brazilian former football midfielder
Danilo Gomes Magalhaes (born 1999), Brazilian football attacking midfielder
Related pages
Danilo Gomez (born 2002), Argentine professional footballer
Joey Bosa

Joseph Anthony Bosa (; born July 11, 1995) is an American football outside linebacker for the Los Angeles Chargers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Ohio State and was selected third overall by the (then San Diego) Chargers in the 2016 NFL Draft, where he was named NFL Defensive Rookie of the Year. Bosa has since been seen as one of the best pass rushers in the NFL. He is the son of former NFL player John Bosa and the older brother of current NFL player Nick Bosa.
1995 births
Living people
American football defensive ends
American football defensive tackles
American football linebackers
Ohio State Buckeyes football players
San Diego Chargers players
Los Angeles Chargers players
Ussel-d'Allier

Ussel-d'Allier is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
Cyclic redundancy check

A Cyclic redundancy check (often shortened to CRC) is a way to calculate a checksum, based on a polynomial. In computer science, CRCs are used to check that no errors occurred transmitting the data. The transmitted messages are divided into predetermined lengths which, used as dividends, are divided by a fixed divisor. The remainder of the calculation is appended onto and sent with the computer recalculates the remainder. If it does not match the transmitted remainder, an error is detected. At this point, the data is re-sent. Ethernet packets have a (CRC) code.
For example:
If 'm' is your message of 16 bits, and you are calculating a CRC of 8 bits (CRC-8), then let 'x' be message 'm' appended by 7 zeroes. Let 'y' be a "magic" number. Divide 'x' by 'y', until you obtain a remainder that is not divisible further. Take this remainder and subtract it from the "magic" number 'y' and add this result to 'x' to obtain 'z'. 'z' is now a multiple of the "magic" number 'y' and dividing 'z' by 'y' will give a zero remainder. 'z' can now be transmitted to the receiver. The receiver will perform this division and check if the remainder is zero to confirm that there were no errors in transmission. The message can be recovered by simply reading the most significant 16 bits in the 24 bit transmission.
In real world systems, these long division operations are performed in hardware by bit-shifting and XORing, a feat which is trivial for digital electronics to perform at extremely high speeds.
Computer science
Binary arithmetics
Algorithms
Villaurbana

Villaurbana (Biddobrana) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,643 people lived there. Its area is 58.7 km2. It is 110 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Electoral divisions of the Northern Territory

There are currently 25 electoral divisions of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly.
List
References
Northern Territory
Willy Schmidt

Willy Schmidt (29 October 1926 - 15 May 2020) was a Dutch footballer. He was born in Alkmaar, North Holland. He played for FC Eindhoven from 1951 to 1956, AFC Ajax from 1956 to 1959 and for Fortuna Sittard from 1959 to 1960.
Schmidt died on 15 May 2020 in Almere, Flevoland at the age of 93.
References
1926 births
2020 deaths
Dutch footballers
People from Alkmaar
Sportspeople from North Holland
Silvia Cartwright

Dame Silvia Rose Cartwright (nee Poulter, born 7 November 1943) is a New Zealand jurist who served as the 18th Governor-General of New Zealand, from 2001 to 2006.
References
1943 births
Living people
Governors General of New Zealand
Bob Godfrey

Roland Frederick "Bob" Godfrey (May 27, 1921 - February 21, 2013) was an English Academy Award-winning animator. He won the Academy Award and the BAFTA Award for his animated short movie Great in 1975.
Godfrey was born on May 27, 1921 in West Maitland, New South Wales, Australia to British parents. He was raised in Ilford, Essex. Godfrey studied at Leyton Art School. He was never married. Godfrey died on February 21, 2013 in England from natural causes, aged 91.
References
Other websites
Bob Godfrey at Internet Movie Database
Bob Godfrey Films Website of The Bob Godfrey Collection
Animation Research Centre archive of Bob Godfrey's films and artwork
Remembering Bob Godfrey at FLIP Animation Magazine Retrieved February 2013
1921 births
2013 deaths
Academy Award winning directors
British animators
Artists from New South Wales
BAFTA Award winners
People from Essex
Manchukuo yuan

The Manchukuo yuan was the money used in the Empire of Manchukuo, from June 1932 until August 1945.
The Manchukuo yuan would buy 24 grams of silver. The yuan was instead of the Chinese tael. The tael was common and was in use in Manchuria. A tael would buy about 40 grams of silver.
History
The Manchukuo yuan would buy 24 grams of silver in 1932. The price of silver changed and the yuan would not buy 24 grams of silver. To show that the yuan had value it was made equal to Japanese money. The Japanese money was called the yen. In 1940 the Manchukuo yuan was being used to measure Manchukuo exports and imports to America, Germany and Japan.
The paper money was in five values in 1932. Each piece of paper money is called a note. There was a one hundred yuan note, a ten yuan note, a five yuan note, a one yuan note and a small value note. A new 1000 yuan note was made in 1944.
The paper money or notes had pictures of Chinese emperors printed on them. The money was first made in Japan. Later they were made by the Bank in the Manchukuo capital of Hsinking (Hsinking is now called Changchun).
The Yuan was subdivided into 10 chiao, 100 fen or 1000 li. Coins were made that were worth 5 li and bigger values. The largest value coin was 10 fen.
In 1944 and 1945, Manchukuo made coins of red or brown cardboard. These may be unique as to coining material, but they are not particularly scarce.
On January 1946 Manchukuo Yuan was replaced. The Chinese allowed people to swap 1 Manchukuo for a new type of money called a North-Eastern Yuan. In 1948 these new yuan could be swapped by a Gold Yuan. One Gold Yuan cost 150,000 North Eastern Yuans.
Banknotes
References
Former currencies
Currency of Asia
Hammerbeam roof

Hammerbeam roof is a type of wooden roof. It was used in the gothic architecture.
Roofs
Kattumannarkoil taluk

Kattumannarkoil taluk is a taluk of Cuddalore district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Kattumannarkoil.
Demographics
According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Kattumannarkoil had a population of 276,170 with 138,962 males and 137,208 females. There were 987 women for every 1000 men. The taluk had a literacy rate of 70%. The children population is 14,000.
References
Cuddalore district
Benevolent dictatorship

A benevolent dictatorship is a government that has a leader considered by some as a dictator but has the support of the people, unlike a malevolent dictator who only focuses on them selves, their government and their supporters. In benevolent dictatorships, there is some freedom of speech and democracy.
Leaders sometimes called benevolent dictators
Related pages
Dictator
Dictatorship
References
Forms of government
Stand by Me Doraemon

Stand by Me Doraemon is a 2014 Japanese 3D animated movie. This movie also known as Doraemon 3D. It is based on the popular manga and anime series Doraemon. The movie was released in Japan on 8 August 2014.
Cast
Music
Himawari no Yakusoku (himawarinoYue Shu ) by Motohiro Hata
References
2014 movies
Animated movies
2023 FIFA Women's World Cup Group A

In the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup, Group A is a part of the tournament where teams compete against each other. It will happen from July 20th to July 30th, 2023. The teams in this group are New Zealand, Norway, the Philippines, and Switzerland. The two best teams from this group will move on to the next round, called the round of 16.
Teams
Notes
Standings
Matches
All times listed are local, NZST (UTC+12).
New Zealand vs Norway
Philippines vs Switzerland
New Zealand vs Philippines
This was only the second ever win for a Southeast Asian country (excluding Australia which geographically is not in Southeast Asia) at a senior World Cup (male or female) and the first since Thailand beat Ivory Coast in the 2015 Women's World Cup.
Switzerland vs Norway
Switzerland vs New Zealand
Norway vs Philippines
References
2023 FIFA Women's World Cup
Ardenay-sur-Mérize

Ardenay-sur-Merize is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.
Communes in Sarthe
Murad III

Murad III (; ; 4 July 1546 - 16 January 1595) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1574 until his death in 1595. His rule saw battles with the Habsburgs and exhausting wars with the Safavids. The long-independent Morocco was at a time made a vassal of the empire but they would regain independence in 1582. His reign also saw the empire's expanding influence on the eastern coast of Africa. However, the empire would be beset by increasing corruption and inflation from the New World which led to unrest among the Janissary and commoners. Relations with Elizabethan England were cemented during his reign as both had a common enemy in the Spanish. He was a great patron in the arts where he commissioned the Siyer-i-Peygamber depicting the life of the prophet Muhammad and other illustrated manuscripts. He fought many battles with against the Holy Roman Empire trying to capture more fortresses in Hungary and leading raids into Croatia.
Sultans of the Ottoman Empire
1546 births
1595 deaths
Manisa Province
Nurlan Balgimbayev

Nurlan Utebovich Balgimbayev (20 November 1947 - 14 October 2015) was the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan from 10 October 1997 to 1 October 1999. He was the President of the Kazakhstan Oil Investment Company from February 2002.
On 14 October 2015, Balgimbayev died in Atyrau at the age of 68 of cancer.
References
1947 births
2015 deaths
Prime Ministers of Kazakhstan
Deaths from cancer
Mombasa

Mombasa is the second largest city in Kenya; about 1.3 million people live there. It is a major port city, and has an international airport.
Mombasa has a tropical savanna climate (As in the Koppen climate classification). Mombasa is a tourism-based city.
Geography
Mombasa is a coastal town with flat topography. The town of Mombasa is centred on Mombasa Island, but extends to the mainland. The island is separated from the mainland by two creeks.
Demography
Mombasa city has a population of 1,208,333 in 2019.
Mombasa has a cosmopolitan population, with the Swahili people and Mijikenda predominant. Other communities include the Akamba and Taita Bantus as well as a significant population of Luo and Luhya peoples from Western Kenya. The major religions practised in the city are Islam, Christianity and Hinduism. Over the centuries, many immigrants and traders have settled in Mombasa, particularly from the Middle East, Somalia, and India.
Economy
Mombasa is a centre of coastal tourism in Kenya. Many people visit the Old Town and Fort Jesus.
Mombasa is a major trade centre and home of large seaport. The Kenyan Dock Worker's Union is in Mombasa and has 5,000 members. Other local industries include an oil refinery with a capacity of a day, and a cement factory capable of producing over 1.1 million tons per year.
Transport
Moi International Airport serves the city of Mombasa. Flights to Nairobi and other Kenyan, European and Middle Eastern destinations depart from the airport each day.
Mombasa currently has a modern railway station that replaced the century-old station built by the British. Kenya Railways transports passengers and cargo between Nairobi to Mombasa. The journey takes approximately five hours between the two cities.
Mombasa's port is the largest in East Africa, with two oil terminals.
In popular culture
In the film Out of Africa, Mombasa is the train destination as the seaport for voyages to Europe via the Suez Canal.
One-Way Ticket to Mombasa (Menolippu Mombasaan) is a 2002 Finnish film directed by Hannu Tuomainen.
In the Indian movie Mr. India, Mombasa is mentioned in the popular song "Hawa Hawaii".
Mombasa is featured in the 2010 movie, Inception, where Cobb meets Eames and Yusuf before the job takes place.
Most of the events in the 2017 story "Consummation in Mombasa" (by Andrei Gusev) take place in Mombasa and in the nearest district Mtwapa.
In the US, the Walt Disney World resort recreated a Kenyan village in the Africa section of the Disney's Animal Kingdom theme park named "Harambe", which is modelled after Mombasa. The village features a store called the "Mombasa Marketplace".
References
Cities in Kenya
Towns in Africa
Argentinosaurus

Argentinosaurus was a titanosaurid sauropod dinosaur. It was an enormous, long-necked, long-tailed, quadrupedal, plant-eater from Argentina, South America during the Cretaceous period.
Argentinosaurus meaning "Argentina lizard", was named by paleontologists Coria & Jose Bonaparte in 1993. It is known from fossilized back vertebrae, tibia, ribs and sacrum, found in Neuquen Province. It may be the largest dinosaur, but its remains are so incomplete that palaeontologists prefer to use Saltasaurus for their calculations. An accurate estimate was got for the much more complete sub-adult Dreadnoughtus.
Rough estimates
The following shows the disagreement on estimates of size:
Thomas Holtz: 120 feet (36.6 meters)?
Mickey Mortimer: 2226 meters.
References
Titanosaurs
Cretaceous dinosaurs
Victory (1938 movie)

Victory () is a 1938 Soviet drama movie directed by Mikhail Doller and Vsevolod Pudovkin. It stars Yekaterina Korchagina-Aleksandrovskaya, Vladimir Solovyov, and S. Ostroumov.
Actors
Yekaterina Korchagina-Aleksandrovskaya - Mother Samoylova
Vladimir Solovyov - Klim Samoylov, stratoplane pilot
S. Ostroumov - Lomov
N. Sanov - Gudiashvili
Aleksandr Grechanyy - Gorelov
References
Other websites
1938 drama movies
Soviet drama movies
Movies directed by Vsevolod Pudovkin
Movies directed by Mikhail Doller
Julio Scherer García

Julio Scherer Garcia (7 April 1926 - 7 January 2015) was a Mexican author and journalist. He was the editor of the Mexican newspaper Excelsior from 1968 to 1976. He also was the founder of the news magazine Proceso.
Garcia died in Mexico City from septic shock, aged 88.
References
1926 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from sepsis
Infectious disease deaths in Mexico
Mexican journalists
Writers from Mexico City
Downbound Train

"Downbound Train" is a 1984 song by Bruce Springsteen and is the fifth track from his seventh studio album Born in the U.S.A.. It was never released as a single and has become a mainstay on classic rock radio stations. Overall the song has been played at concerts over 130 times since 2008.
References
1984 songs
Bruce Springsteen songs
Heartland rock songs
Yusuke Tanaka

|}
is a Japanese athlete and sportsperson. He is best known as a gymnast.
Career
Tanaka was part of a team which won the team silver medal in gymnastics at the 2012 Summer Olympics.
Related pages
Sports in Japan
Japan at the Olympics
Ryohei Kato
Kazuhito Tanaka
Kohei Uchimura
Koji Yamamuro
References
Other websites
Yusuke Tanaka at London2012.com
Living people
1989 births
Japanese Olympic silver medalists
Japanese gymnasts