pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Utatsusaurus

Utatsusaurus is the earliest-known form of an ichthyopterygian. It lived in the earliest Lower Triassic period, about 250245 millions years ago. It is nearly 3m (about 9 feet) long with a slender body.
The name Utatsusaurus was given after the city Utatsu-cho where the first specimen was found. The fossils have been found in the Lower Triassic of Miyagi Prefecture, Japan and British Columbia, Canada.
Utatsusaurus is one of the most primitive (basal) types of ichthyosaur. It has transitional features between its ancestral land-dwelling forms and the more derived ichthyosaurs. Unlike the more advanced ichthyosaurs, Utatsusaurus has no dorsal fin and has a broad skull. The snout gently tapers, compared to the more rounded one of more derived ichthyopterygians. The tail had a long low fin, quite different from the tail shape of later forms. This suggests that the animal swam by undulation, waving its body to & fro, rather than using its paddles and tail.
The 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami destroyed the local museum, but fortunately the specimens were not there at the time.
References
Ichthyosaurs
Acrocanthosaurus

Acrocanthosaurus was a genus of theropod dinosaur that lived in North America during the Lower Cretaceous period. Its name means "high-spined lizard." This refers to the spines on its vertebrae, which formed a sail or hump when the animal was alive.
Its classification is uncertain. It was originally classified as a spinosaur because the spines on its back looked like those of Spinosaurus. However, Acrocanthosaurus is now classified as a carnosaur. Most paleontologists believe that it was a carcharodontosaurid.
Acrocanthosaurus was 36 feet long, almost as large as Tyrannosaurus rex, and weighed about 6 or 7 short tons. It was the largest theropod in North America before the evolution of the tyrannosaurs.
Long, low ridges start at the nasal bones. They run along each side of the snout from the nostril back to the eye, and they continue onto the lacrimal bones. This is a characteristic feature of all allosaurids.
A famous trackway in Paluxy, Texas shows tracks of what might be an Acrocanthosaurus and its prey. While interesting and plausible, this hypothesis is difficult to prove, and other explanations exist.
In popular culture
Acrocanthosaurus was featured in an episode of the television documentary Monsters Resurrected. It was depicted as the top predator in early Cretaceous North America. A juvenile was scared away from its kill by a pack of Deinonychus, and was forced to hunt more difficult prey, such as a Sauropelta.
References
Carnosaurs
Cretaceous dinosaurs
1850 United States Census

The United States Census of 1850 was the seventh census of the United States. It was completed on June 1, 1850. It found the population of the United States to be 23,191,876. This was an increase of 35.9 percent from the 1840 Census. The total population included 3,204,313 slaves.
This was the first census where there was an attempt to collect information about every member of every household, including women, children, and slaves. It was also the first census to ask about place of birth.
Hinton Rowan Helper made use of the 1850 census results in his politically notorious book The Impending Crisis of the South.
1850
1850s in the United States
United States Census
Norma (supermarket)

Norma is a food discount store. It has more than 1,300 stores in Germany, France, the Czech Republic and Austria. The stores are appearing as Norma and Norma-Rodi, as Norma has bought the company Rodi. It was founded in 1964.
Other websites
Official website
1960s establishments in Germany
1964 establishments in Europe
Supermarkets of Germany
Nuremberg
Keds

Keds is an American brand of canvas shoe. It has rubber soles. It was established around 1916. The shoes became very popular from the 1960s to the 1980s. They waned in popularity in the 1990s. They became very popular again in the 2000s and 2010s. Keds usually manufactures sneakers. The shoes were worn by participants of Kids Incorporated and on other television shows.
Footwear
Super Mario (disambiguation)

Super Mario might mean:
Video games
Super Mario, a video game series by Nintendo
Super Mario Bros., the first game of the video game series
Mario (series), where the Super Mario series comes from
Mario, the star character of the Mario series
Television
The Super Mario Challenge, a TV series that aired on The Children's Channel
List of Mario television series, a list of television series based on the Mario series of video games
Things to read
Super Mario-kun, a 1991 Mario Manga comic series written by Yukio Sawada
Super Mario Adventures, a 1992 collection of Manga comics written by Charlie Nozawa
People
Since the appearance of Super Mario Bros., a number of individuals named Mario have been nicknamed "Super Mario" by fans.
Mario Andretti (born 1940), American racing driver
Mario Balotelli (born 1990), Italian footballer
Mario Basler (born 1968), German footballer
Mario Cipollini (born 1967), Italian cyclist
Mario Corti (manager) (born 1946), Swiss businessman
Mario Draghi (born 1947), Italian banker and public servant
Mario Gotze (born 1992), German footballer
Mario Gomez (born 1985), German footballer
Mario Jardel (born 1973), Brazilian football player
Mario Lemieux (born 1965), Canadian ice hockey player
Mario Matt (born 1979), Austrian alpine skier
Mario Monti (born 1943), Italian economist and politician
Mario Reiter (born 1970), Austrian alpine skier
Mario Williams (born 1985), American football player
Related pages
Mario (disambiguation)
Mata Hari (1985 movie)

Mata Hari is a 1985 American erotic biographic drama movie directed by Curtis Harrington and stars Sylvia Kristel, Oliver Tobias, Christopher Cazonove. It was distributed by Cannon Pictures.
Other websites
1985 drama movies
1980s erotic movies
1980s biographical movies
1980s historical movies
1980s American drama movies
Movies set in the 1900s
Movies set in the 1910s
Movies directed by Curtis Harrington
Endometrial cancer

Endometrial cancer is cancer in the endometrium (lining of the uterus). The cancer is usually diagnosed during its early stages, resulting in a better survival rate than most cancers. Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic cancer in the United States: over 35,000 women are diagnosed each year.
Cancer
Diseases and disorders of the female reproductive system
Actinolite

Actinolite is a mineral that can be green, green-black, gray-green, or black in color and is made of crystals. It is common around the world. The environment it lives in is in metamorphic rocks. It is named after the Greek word aktinos (meaning "ray") because of the nature of Actinolite. Actinole is not radioactive.
Actinolite is a crystal found in countries like the US, Brazil, China, and Canada. Actinolite is commonly used in industrial applications such as in the production of asbestos because it has similar properties to asbestos fibers. It is sometimes used as a gemstone, but it is not suitable for jewelry. Some types of actinolite are rare, which makes it an attractive to some collectors.
Actinolite is a member of a series that contains varying amounts of calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminum. Tremolite is the Mg end, and ferroactinolite the Fe end, with actinolite in the middle. Actinolites with more than 50% Fe are very rare. Catseye actinolite exists; when chatoyant material is cut, it exhibits a fine eye. Actinolite is easy to cleave and hard to cut and would make a poor jewelry stone. Actinolite is the chief constituent of nephrite (jade). Smaragdite is a chrome-rich tremolite from Tanzania.
References
Minerals
Alexander Nübel

Alexander Nubel (born 30 September 1996) is a German footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Bayern Munich.
References
1996 births
German association football goalkeepers
Sportspeople from North Rhine-Westphalia
Living people
Bowling Green, Virginia

Bowling Green is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.
Towns in Virginia
County seats in Virginia
Taipei frog

The Taipei frog also referred to as Taipeh frog, Taipei grass frog, two-striped grass frog, striped slender frog, Taipei slender frog, Taipeh slender frog, white-banded frog, Taiwanese frog or stripe-backed frog (Hylarana taipehensis) is a frog from China, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam.
The adult frog is 4.0 cm long. It is bright yellow, green, brown, or mixed in color with some dark brown on the sides of its head. During the day, this frog stays where the trees are close to each other. It can live near humans, on farms and in cities.
References
Frogs of Asia
Weather front

A weather front is a boundary in between two masses of air of different densities, and is the main cause of significant weather. In surface weather analyses, fronts are depicted using various colored lines and symbols. The air masses separated by a front usually differ in temperature and humidity.
Cold fronts may feature narrow bands of thunderstorms and severe weather, and may on occasion be preceded by squall lines or dry lines. Warm fronts are usually preceded by layered precipitation and fog. The weather usually quickly clears after a front passes. Some fronts produce no precipitation and little cloudiness, although there is usually a wind shift.
Meteorology
Nepali Congress, Koshi Province

Nepali Congress, Koshi Province (Nepali: nepaalii kaaNgres , koshii prdesh Nepali pronunciation: [ne'pali 'kaNGres, kosi pradesa]; abbr. NC , KP) is a social democratic political party in Nepal and the largest party in the Koshi Province. Uddhav Thapa is the President of of the Committee. It is the single major opposition party against the Government of Bagmati Province. It has participated in every Bagmati Provincial Assembly election since 2017, the first election in the Provincial in Nepal.
References
Koshi Province
Nepali Congress
Chico fruit

Sapodilla (), which is also called chico () in the Philippines, is a large evergreen tree that is native to the tropical areas of North and South America, and Southeast Asia. It produces a fruit that can be eaten. Chicle, which is produced from the bark, is a substance used in chewing gum. and chico is rich in iron, calcium, potassium, and phosphorus.
Reference
Tropical fruit
Poll tax

Poll tax is a system of taxing. It is also called head tax. It is based on the idea that everyone pays the same amount of tax. This is regardless of how much they earn. In the last few years of Margaret Thatcher's reign as British Prime minister, she received heavy opposition and mass riots were held when she tried to have poll tax used as the tax system. Her tax was called Community Charge. Council Tax took its place in 1993.
An earlier poll tax in England caused the Peasants' Revolt in 1381.
References
Taxation
Ralph Terry

Ralph Willard Terry (January 9, 1936 - March 16, 2022) was an American right-handed starting pitcher. She played twelve seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played for the New York Yankees, Kansas City Athletics, Cleveland Indians, and New York Mets from 1956 to 1967. Terry was born in Big Cabin, Oklahoma.
On December 31, 2021 Terry was hospitalized after hitting his head after falling in Larned, Kansas. He died almost three months later on March 16, 2022 at the age of 86.
References
1936 births
2022 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls in the United States
Deaths from head injury
New York Yankees players
Kansas City Athletics players
Cleveland Indians players
New York Mets players
Sportspeople from Oklahoma
Dompierre-sur-Veyle

Dompierre-sur-Veyle is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
Communes in Ain
Thurgau (constituency)

Thurgau is a constituency of Switzerland.
Election results
References
Constituencies of Switzerland
Brian Alexander (basketball)

Brian LaWan Alexander (August 26, 1975 - May 15, 2020) was an American professional basketball player. He played for Salon Vilpas in 1998. His career began 2003. He played college basketball at the University of Detroit Mercy. He was born in Detroit, Michigan.
Alexander died on May 15, 2020 in Denver, Colorado of a heart attack, aged 44.He is survived by his Children
References
1975 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
African-American basketball players
Sportspeople from Detroit
Hanukkah

Hanukkah is a Jewish holiday which celebrates the victory of the Maccabees over the larger Syrian army. It also celebrates a miracle that happened during this time, where just a day's supply of oil allowed the menorah (Hanukkiah or Hanukkah Menorah) in the rededicated Temple in Jerusalem to remain lit for eight days. Therefore, Jewish people celebrate Hanukkah for eight days. Hanukkah begins on the 25th day of Kislev according to the Hebrew calendar, which on the Gregorian calendar is late November or December. For example, in 2013 it started on November 27. The Hebrew word means rededication.
The hanukiah (or hanukkah menorah) is a candle holder, an important Hanukkah symbol. It has nine branches. Traditionally, one candle is separated from the rest, usually by being higher than the other eight. On the first night, only one candle is lit, on the right side of the hanukiah. On the second night, a second candle is added, and they are lit from left to right -- but the Hanukkiah is filled from right to left. This continues for all eight nights. The candles are never lit directly - instead, the higher candle, (called a shamash, meaning "attendant") is lit first, and then used to light the rest of the candles. While the candles are lit, blessings are said over them.
Jewish children often play a game called dreidel. The dreidel is a four-sided spinning top, each side having a Hebrew letter. The four letters (nun, gimel, hey, and shin) stand for the Hebrew phrase, "Nes gadol haya shaam," meaning, "A great miracle happened there." In Israel, by contrast, the dreidel reads "Po" instead of "shaam," meaning "here." So in Israel the phrase is, "a great miracle happened here."
History of Hanukkah
Approximately 2,200 years ago, there was a war between the Greeks and the Jews. The Greeks won and forced their culture on the Jews. A group of Jewish people called the Maccabees led by someone named Matityahu revolted against the Greeks and after he died his son Judah Maccabee beat them and liberated Jerusalem. The Maccabees found their Temple defiled. They wanted to rededicate it to God, as the Greeks had been worshipping Zeus there. As part of the rededication, they needed to relight the menorah, whose source of fuel was olive oil.
According to the Talmud, the Jewish people only found a single jar of undefiled oil, and that oil was only enough to last a single day. The Jewish people took a leap of faith and relit the menorah. To their surprise, the menorah stayed lit for eight days, which was seven more days than they expected. The Jewish people attributed the surprising amount of time that the oil lasted to God (a miracle).
Hanukkah is an eight-day celebration, and each day commemorates each day that the oil lasted. On each day, a branch of the nine-branch Hanukkah menorah is lit with the shamash ("helper" candle), which sits on the middle branch.
Dates
2017: 12-20 December
2018: 2-10 December
2019: 22-30 December
2020: 10-18 December
2021: 28 November-6 December
2022: 18-26 December
2023: 7-15 December
References
Other websites
"Chanukah: Connecting to the Hidden Light Within"
Jack H. McDonald

Jack H. McDonald (born June 28, 1932) is an American politician. He was born in Detroit, Michigan.
In 1966, he was the Republican Party candidate in Michigan's 19th congressional district. He was in the House from January 3, 1967 to January 3, 1973. In 1972, after redistricting, he ran in the same district as veteran Republican Representative William S. Broomfield. McDonald lost to Broomfield in the Republican primary elections.
Other websites
The Political Graveyard
Profile at NNDB
Profile at the Revolving Door at OpenSecrets.org
1932 births
Living people
United States representatives from Michigan
Politicians from Detroit
Republican Party (United States) politicians
German wine

German wines are those produced in Germany, one of the oldest wine producing region, and are considered to be among the best wines in the world. Wine is a popular beverage in Germany. Depending on the vintage, Germany is the world's eight largest producer of wine. Grapes are grown only in the sout-western parts of Germany in the states of Rhineland-Palatinate, Hesse an Baden-Wurttemberg, with more than 102,000 hectares vineyards under cultivation.
German food
Rhineland-Palatinate
Hesse
Baden-Wurttemberg
EDHEC Business School

EDHEC Business School is a European higher studies establishment. The school is in 5 places, in Paris, Lille and Nice, France, in the United Kingdom (London) and in Singapore. It was created in 1906.
EDHEC specializes in the fields of economics, finance and management.
References
Other websites
EDHEC website
Education in France
Lille
1906 establishments
3D

3D (or 3-D) means three-dimensional, or having three dimensions. For example, a box is three-dimensional; it is solid, and not thin like a piece of paper. It has volume, a top and bottom, left and right (sides), as well as a front and back. You can turn the box around to view it from another side (called a face, surface or simply side).
A dimension can be measured in inches, microns, miles, kilometers, or any other unit of length.
The three dimensions are often called length (or depth), width (or breadth), and height. Some purposes use other words.
3D graphics are used to make video games or animated movies. Many calculations are needed to make pictures seem three-dimensional on a screen. Modern computers usually have a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) to handle these calculations.
Binocular vision helps people to see the third dimension easily.
In mathematics
In the Cartesian coordinate system, length, width, and height are given in letters (variables) to make them easier to write, or if a value is not known. Often X is width, Y is height, and Z is length. Other 3D coordinate systems such as spherical coordinates use both linear and angular measurements.
The mathematical study of 3D shapes and dimensions is called solid geometry.
Space-time theory
Some people think of time as if it were a fourth dimension. This is called space-time theory. In this idea, there are three dimensions of space, along with the dimension of time.
Related pages
3D printing
Holography
Perspective (graphical)
Computing
Animation
Geometry
Disney XD (Canadian TV channel)

This article is about a Canadian television channel operated by Corus Entertainment and launched on December 1, 2015. For the Canadian television channel that was previously known as Disney XD, see WildBrainTV.
History
A Canadian version of Disney XD was originally launched by Astral Media on June 1, 2011, as a spin-off of Family Channel, which had historically held rights to the programming of Disney Channel and its spin-off brands. After Bell Media acquired Astral in 2013, the company sold Disney XD along with its sister channels (Family Channel and the French and English versions of Disney Junior) to DHX Media. On April 16, 2015, Corus Entertainment announced that it had reached an agreement to acquire Canadian rights to Disney Channel programming and brands.
Disney XD programming initially aired in a programming block on the Canadian version of Disney Channel, which Corus launched on September 1, 2015. The Disney XD-branded channel owned by DHX was renamed Family Chrgd on October 9, 2015, then again to its current moniker on March 1, 2022.
The new Corus-owned Disney XD channel launched on December 1, 2015, as an exempt discretionary service. On September 1, 2017, the channel obtained a discretionary service license from the CRTC. Through Corus Entertainment's acquisition of Shaw Media, Disney XD and its sister networks are now co-owned with the former Shaw Media channels as of April 1, 2016.
Programming
Animated Series
Live-action
Acquired animated series
Reruns of acquired animated series
Programming from Disney Channel
Animated series
Live-action series
References
Canadian television channels
Jackie Earle Haley

Jack "Jackie" Earle Haley (born July 14, 1961) is an American movie, television, stage, and voice actor who is known for his roles in Little Children, Nightmare on Elm Street, Watchmen, Human Target, Dark Shadows, Lincoln, London Has Fallen and Alita: Battle Angel.
Haley was born on July 14, 1961 in Northridge, California. He was married three times, both ended in divorce. He was married to Amelia Cruz since 2004. He has a son, Christopher, and a daughter, Olivia.
References
Other websites
1961 births
Living people
A Nightmare on Elm Street
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Los Angeles
Einsatzkommando

An Einsatzkommando were a group of about 1,500 soldiers who were a part of the Einsatzgruppen, which were German marksmen who lined up Jews in ditches and shot them.
Reichssicherheitshauptamt
The Holocaust
Celestial navigation

Celestial navigation is a method of navigation where a person figures out their location and direction using the stars in the night sky. It has been used by sailors to help them find their way in the night. They look for familiar stars or constellations, which will help them find their way.
Celestial navigation involves comparing the angle of certain stars to other stars and how high they are above the Earth's horizon. By doing this, a person can find their longitude.
Navigation
Astronomy
Chrissie Maher

Chrissie Maher, OBE (born 1938) is a British advocate for the use of plain English. She is a co-founder of the Plain English Campaign. This organisation promotes the clear use of English, especially by businesses and official bodies. Her campaign began in 1971 when she founded the United Kingdom's first community newspaper, the Tuebrook Bugle. That gave her the chance to write articles saying that organisations should start using plain English. In 1974, Maher went on to start The Liverpool News. It was the UK's first newspaper for adults with reading difficulties. She was also a member of the UK's National Consumer Council. Later, she founded the Plain English Campaign at a demonstration in London in 1979.
As an example of the language issues Maher found objectionable: in 1994, she pointed out that Britain's National Health Service published a definition of the term "bed" that used 229 words.
For her efforts, Maher was awarded the OBE in 1993. In 1995, she was awarded an honorary MA degree by Manchester University. In 1997 she received an honorary doctorate from the Open University. In 2000, Maher was named "Information Pioneer of the Century" by the UK's National Information Forum. In 2010, Maher received an Honorary Fellowship from Liverpool John Moores University for her services to communication.
Also in 2010 Maher was selected Public Affairs Achiever of the Year and Outstanding Achiever of the Year for the 'Women in Public Life' awards.
Tom McArthur, editor of the Oxford Companion to the English Language said, "In all the history of the language, there has never been such a powerful grassroots movement to influence it as the Plain English Campaign."
References
Other websites
Plain English Campaign Homepage
1938 births
Living people
British people
English language
Baiterek (monument)

Baiterek Tower (; "tall poplar [tree]") is a landmark and an observation tower in Astana, Kazakhstan. It is located on the Nurzhol Boulevard.
References
2002 establishments in Asia
Buildings and structures in Kazakhstan
Towers in Asia
2000s establishments in Kazakhstan
Astana
Lewis Howard Latimer

Lewis Howard Latimer (September 4, 1848 - December 11, 1928) was an African-American inventor and draftsman.
Early life
Latimer's family were slaves when a local minister led them to freedom. When he was 16 Latimer lied about his age to join the U.S Navy.
Public life
Latimer started working at Crosby and Gould, a patent law firm. He learned to draw diagrams. While at the law firm, Latimer invented an improved railroad car bathroom and an early air conditioning unit. Later, Latimer helped Alexander Graham Bell by drawing diagrams for his patent for the first telephone. Latimer also helped Thomas Edison with his patent for the light bulb, and invented a better way to make carbon filaments for light bulbs.
Death
Latimer died on December 11, 1928 in Flushing Queens, New York at the age 80.
References
Eschlikon

Eschlikon is a municipality of the district of Munchwilen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Thurgau
Schlierbach, Switzerland

Schlierbach is a municipality of the district Sursee of the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Lucerne
Wadi Fira (region)

Wadi Fira is one of the 23 regions of Chad. Its capital is the town of Biltine.
Subdivisions
The region of Wadi Fira is divided into three departments. Each is listed with the name of its capital or main town and a list of sub-prefectures.
References
Regions of Chad
Lupfig

Lupfig is a municipality of the district of Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2018, the former municipality of Scherz merged into the municipality of Lupfig.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Aargau
Jessica DiCicco

Jessica Sonya DiCicco (born June 10, 1980) is an American actress, singer and voice artist. She is perhaps best known for her voice acting in animated television shows and video games.
Filmography
References
Other websites
1980 births
Living people
Actors from Los Angeles
Actors from New York City
American child actors
American movie actors
American voice actors
American television actors
American video game actors
Singers from Los Angeles
Singers from New York City
Frank Oz

Frank Oz (born Frank Richard Oznowicz on May 25, 1944) is an American actor, filmmaker and puppeteer. He is known for his work on The Muppets, Star Wars, and Sesame Street. He also directed some popular films, such as Little Shop of Horrors and Dirty Rotten Scoundrels. His most popular puppets are Yoda and Cookie Monster. He played Cookie Monster, Bert and Grover on Sesame Street and he did Miss Piggy, Fozzie Bear, Animal, and Sam the Eagle on the Muppets.
References
1944 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Muppets
People from Hereford
Puppeteers
Sid the Science Kid

Sid the Science Kid is a 2008-13 American children's animated educational television series produced by The Jim Henson Company for PBS Kids and KECT for PBS Kids.
Telecast
In Canada On TVO Knowledge Network Saskatchewan Communications Network and YTV In The United States On PBS Kids and Qubo and In The United Kingdom On Playhouse Disney
References
American children's television series
Currituck County, North Carolina

Currituck County is the northeastern-most county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2010 census, the population was 23,547. Its county seat is Currituck. The county was formed in 1668 as a precinct of Albemarle County and later gained county status in 1739. The name is "traditionally said to be an Native American word for wild geese; Coratank."
Currituck County is included in the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Metropolitan Area. It is in the northeastern section of the state and is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean, Currituck Sound, Camden County, Dare County and the state of Virginia. Currituck Court House, mentioned as early as 1755, was the name of the county seat. Today the words "Court House" have been dropped and only Currituck is used as the town name.
References
North Carolina counties
1730s establishments in North Carolina
1739 establishments
Strasskirchen Solar Park

The Strasskirchen Solar Park is a power station in Strasskirchen, Germany. It is the second-largest photovoltaic power station in the world, with an installed capacity of 54 MW.
References
Buildings and structures in Bavaria
Power stations in Germany
Solar power plants
Tungurahua

Tungurahua, (; from Quichua tunguri (throat) and rahua (fire), "Throat of Fire") is an active stratovolcano located in the Cordillera Oriental of Ecuador. The volcano gives its name to the province of Tungurahua.
Volcanic activity restarted on August 19, 1999, and is ongoing , with several major eruptions since then, the last starting on 1 February 2014.
References
Volcanoes of Ecuador
Mountains of Ecuador
Asclepias asperula

Asclepias asperula is a species of milkweed plant. It is commonly known as antelope horns, green-flowered milkweed, spider antelope horns and spider antelopehorns. It belongs to the subfamily Asclepiadoideae. It is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. It blooms from April to June. This species likes to grow in moist sandy or rocky soil. Antelope horns grows from 0.3 to 0.6 meters (1-2 feet).
Other websites
Asclepias asperula at USDA PLANTS Database
Asclepias asperula at Kansas Wildflowers and Grasses
a
Norman Mailer

Norman Kingsley Mailer (January 31, 1923 - November 10, 2007) was an American writer and journalist. He was born in Long Branch, New Jersey and raised in Brooklyn, New York City.
Along with Truman Capote, Joan Didion, and Tom Wolfe, Mailer writes creative nonfiction, sometimes called New Journalism, but which covers the essay to the nonfiction novel. He was awarded the Pulitzer Prize twice and the National Book Award once on his journalism career. In 1955, Mailer, along with Ed Fancher and Dan Wolf, first published The Village Voice, which was shown to the Greenwich Village. In 2005, he won the Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters from The National Book Foundation.
Mailer died of renal failure in New York City.
Other websites
The Norman Mailer Society
Norman Mailer at Books and Writers
Norman Mailer on American Masters (PBS Broadcast)
Norman Mailer's writing on the Huffington Post
Norman Mailer New York Review of Books author profile and archive includes list of reviews, letters, and essays from over 40 years, along with a bibliography
1923 births
2007 deaths
American novelists
Deaths from renal failure
Disease-related deaths in New York City
Journalists from New Jersey
Journalists from New York (state)
Movie directors from New Jersey
Movie directors from New York (state)
Movie producers from New Jersey
Movie producers from New York (state)
Pulitzer Prize winners
Screenwriters from New Jersey
Screenwriters from New York (state)
Eva, Alabama

Eva is a town in the U.S. state of Alabama.
References
Towns in Alabama
Anton Ferdinand

Anton Ferdinand (born 18 February 1985) is an English football player. He plays for Sunderland.
Club career statistics
|-
|2003/04||rowspan="5"|West Ham United||First Division||20||0||3||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||26||0
|-
|2004/05||League Championship||29||1||3||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||33||1
|-
|2005/06||rowspan="3"|Premier League||33||2||5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||38||2
|-
|2006/07||31||0||1||0||1||0||1||0||34||0
|-
|2007/08||24||2||2||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||28||2
|-
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Sunderland||rowspan="2"|Premier League||31||0||3||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||36||0
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
168||5||14||0||12||0||1||0||195||5
168||5||14||0||12||0||1||0||195||5
|}
1985 births
Living people
Footballers from London
Premier League players
People from Peckham
First Empire of Haiti

The First Empire of Haiti (), officially Empire of Haiti (), was an Elective Monarchy on the current Island of Hispaniola, after the Independence of Haiti on January 1, 1804 by Jean-Jacques Dessalines, the Empire would be founded until September 24, 1804, and would be crowned as Jacques I of Haiti on October 6 of that same year, he would be assassinated on October 17, 1806 and the Empire would be dissolved to give way to the State and Republic of Haiti, it is not related to the Second Empire of Haiti by Faustin Soulouque.
During the creation of the constitution, it was known for the banning of white people from Haiti, except for the nationalized Germans and Poles.
References
1804 establishments
1806 disestablishments
1800s in North America
History of Haiti
Former monarchies of North America
Olivia Colman

Sarah Caroline Olivia Colman CBE (born 30 January 1974) is an English actress, known professionally Olivia Colman. She has won an Academy Award, three BAFTA Awards, three BIFA Awards, one Golden Globe Award, and has been nominated twice for an Emmy Award.
Colman first came to prominence for her supporting role as Sophie Chapman in the Channel 4 comedy series Peep Show (2003-2015). Her other TV comedy roles include Green Wing (2004-2006), Beautiful People (2008-2009), Rev. (2010-2014) and Twenty Twelve (2011-2012). She also played various roles in That Mitchell and Webb Look (2006-2008), alongside her Peep Show co-stars David Mitchell and Robert Webb. Colman's move to drama saw her receive critical acclaim for her performance in Paddy Considine's film Tyrannosaur (2011). Her other film roles include PC Doris Thatcher in Hot Fuzz (2007), Carol Thatcher in The Iron Lady (2011), Queen Elizabeth in Hyde Park on Hudson (2012), Bethan Maguire in Locke (2013), Margaret Lea in The Thirteenth Tale (2013), Marion in Tale of the Brave (2014) and the Hotel Manager in The Lobster (2015). Colman played Queen Elizabeth II in the third and fourth season of the original Netflix series The Crown.
A three-time BAFTA TV Award winner, she won Best Female Comedy Performance for Twenty Twelve and Best Supporting Actress for Accused in 2013, before winning Best Actress in 2014 for her role as DS Ellie Miller in the ITV crime series Broadchurch. Colman was also nominated for the International Emmy Award for Best Actress for Broadchurch. For her performance in the AMC/BBC miniseries The Night Manager, she won the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress - Series, Miniseries or Television Film and was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or Movie.
References
Other websites
1974 births
Living people
Actors from Norfolk
English movie actors
English television actors
People from Norwich
Academy Award winning actors
BAFTA Award winning actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Belfast East (UK Parliament constituency)

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|population = 92,221 (2011 census)
|electorate = 60,516 (March 2011)
|mp = Gavin Robinson
|party = Democratic Unionist Party
|region = Northern Ireland
|county = Belfast, Castlereagh
|european = Northern Ireland
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Belfast East () is a constituency of the United Kingdom. It is in Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Election results
References
Westminster Parliamentary constituencies in Northern Ireland
Eygliers

Eygliers is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
Population
Transport
Road
The D37, D37L, D137, D137T, D237, D337, D902 and N94 roads pass through the commune.
Rail
The commune has a railway station called Montdauphin-Guillestre.
References
Communes in Hautes-Alpes
Bologna massacre

The Bologna massacre was the bombing of Bologna Centrale railway station in Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy by Nuclei Armati Rivoluzionari. It happened on 2 August 1980. It killed 85 people and injured over 200 others. It is the most deadly terrorist attack in the history of Italy.
References
1980 in Europe
1980s building bombings
1980s explosions in Europe
1980s in Italy
1980s murders in Europe
August 1980 events
Massacre
Building bombings in Europe
Disasters in Italy
Mass murder in Europe
Mass murder in the 1980s
Terrorist incidents in Europe in the 1980s
Sylvester Turner

Sylvester Turner (born September 27, 1954) is an American politician. He is the 62nd and current Mayor of Houston, Texas. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Turner was a member of the Texas House of Representatives from 1989 until 2016. Turner ran for mayor of Houston in 1991, losing in the runoff election to Bob Lanier.
Turner won the 2015 election, defeating Bill King in the runoff by 4,082 votes out of 212,696 votes cast in the closest mayoral election in Houston history by percentage.
References
1954 births
Living people
Mayors of Houston
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
African American politicians
Standard Time Act

The Standard Time Act is also known as the Calder Act. It was the first United States federal law implementing standard time and Daylight saving time in the United States. It authorized the Interstate Commerce Commission to define each time zone.
The section concerning daylight saving time was repealed by the act titled An Act For the repeal of the daylight-saving law.
References
1918 in the United States
United States federal legislation
20th century in law
Chukar

The chukar (Alectoris chukar) is a Eurasian upland gamebird in the pheasant family Phasianidae of the order Galliformes, gallinaceous birds. Other common names of this bird include 'Chukker' (sometimes misspelled as 'Chuker'), 'Chukar Partridge', 'Red-legged Partridge', 'Rock Partridge', 'Indian Hill Partridge', 'Chukka', 'Chukkar', 'Chukor', 'Chukore', 'Chikone', 'Kabk', 'Kau-Kau', and 'Keklik'. The Chukar is the National bird of Pakistan respectively..
Distribution
This partridge has its native range in Asia from Pakistan and Kashmir, and Afghanistan in the east to southeastern Europe in the west, and is closely related and similar to its western equivalent, the Red-legged Partridge, Alectoris rufa. It has been introduced widely, and became established in the United States, Canada, New Zealand and Hawaii. In Great Britain, hybrids between this species and the also introduced Red-legged Partridge are common.
Notes
References
Phasianidae
National symbols of Pakistan
Birds of Pakistan
Birds of Kashmir
Birds of Asia
Jerzy Młynarczyk

Jerzy Mlynarczyk (born 2 August 1931) is a Polish basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was Mayor of Gdansk from 1977 to 1981. He was born in Vilnius.
References
Other websites
1931 births
Living people
Polish Olympians
Polish mayors
People from Gdansk
Polish basketball players
Puggle

A puggle is a cross-breed of a beagle and a pug. They are dogs and are known for their playful nature.
Dog breeds
Los Ríos Region

The XIV Los Rios Region (, Region of the Rivers) is one of Chile's 15 first order administrative divisions. Its capital and largest city is Valdivia.
It began to operate as a region on 2007, having been created by subdividing the Los Lagos Region in southern Chile. It consists of two provinces: Valdivia and the new El Ranco province, that was part of the Valdivia province.
Geography
The Los Rios region has an area of .
It borders the La Araucania region to the north, Argentina to the east, the Los Lagos region to the south and the Pacific Ocean on the west.
The two main rivers in the region are the Valdivia river, in the northern part of the region, and the Bueno river, in the southern part of the region.
The highest mountain in the region is the Villarrica volcano () (), high, near the border with Argentina.
Population
The Los Rios had a population of 356,396 inhabitants (2002 census) and its population density was .
The largest city in the region is its capital, Valdivia, with 127,750 inhabitants (2002 census). The other provincial capital, La Union had 25,615 inhabitants.
Administration
The Los Rios region is further subdivided into two provinces: Valdivia and El Ranco.
Gallery
Related pages
Regions of Chile
References
Other websites
Gobierno Regional de Los Rios Official website
Regions of Chile
Lauren Cohan

Lauren Cohan (born January 7, 1982) is a British American actress and model.
Acting Career
Cohan best known for her role as Maggie Rhee on The Walking Dead (2011-present). She is also known for her recurring roles on the television series Supernatural (2007-2008), Chuck (2011) and The Vampire Diaries (2010-2012), and in the comedy movie Van Wilder: The Rise of Taj (2006), the psychological thriller The Boy, and for her role in the DC Extended Universe as character Martha Wayne in Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016).
References
1982 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Models from New Jersey
British movie actors
British television actors
British voice actors
British models
Actors from New Jersey
Miracle Planet

Miracle Planet is a six-part documentary series, co-produced by Japan's NHK and the National Film Board of Canada (NFB). It was narrated by Christopher Plummer which tells the 4.6-billion-year-old story of how life has evolved and the diversity of living creatures.
Other websites
NFB Web site
Teaching guides at NFB Web site (PDF)
list of episodes.
2005 television series endings
2005 Canadian television series debuts
Documentary television series
La Bastide-Clairence

La Bastide-Clairence is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
La Bastide-Clairence
Artem Volvich

Artem Aleksandrovich Volvich (born 22 January 1990) is an Russian volleyball player. He is a member of the Russian National Volleyball Team. He competed in the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro.
Other websites
FIVB profile
Russian volleyball players
1990 births
Living people
Competitors at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Kate Miller-Heidke

Kate Miller-Heidke (born 16 November 1981) is an Australian singer-songwriter and actress. She has five studio albums. She is known for her singles "The Last Day on Earth" and "Caught in the Crowd". She is classically trained, but she has followed a career in alternative pop music. She was signed to Sony in Australia, Epic in the US and RCA in the UK, but is now an independent artist. She represented her country at the Eurovision Song Contest 2019 in Tel Aviv, Israel, finishing ninth overall.
Miller-Heidke was born in Brisbane, Queensland. She is married to musician and songwriter Keir Nuttall. The couple have a son.
References
Other websites
1981 births
Living people
Actors from Queensland
Australian movie actors
Australian pop singers
Australian singer-songwriters
Australian television actors
Eurovision Song Contest entrants
Musicians from Brisbane
Sopranos
Lekh Tandon

Lekh Tandon (13 February 1929 - 15 October 2017) was an Indian actor and movie director. His best known directorial works were Professor, Prince, Ek Baar Kaho and Agar Tum Na Hote. In the 2000s, he began his acting career with movies such as Swades, Rang De Basanti, Chennai Express, and Chaarfutiya Chhokare.
He shared the 1978 Filmfare Best Screenplay Award for his movie, Dulhan Wahi Jo Piya Man Bhaye, with Vrajendra Gaur and Madhusudan Kalekar.
References
Other websites
Official Website
1929 births
2017 deaths
Indian movie directors
Indian movie actors
Indian television directors
Jean-François Jacques

Jean-Francois "J. F." Jacques (born April 29, 1985) is a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger. He plays for the EC KAC of the Austrian Hockey League (EBEL). He has also played in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Edmonton Oilers and the Anaheim Ducks.
He was drafted by the Edmonton Oilers with the 68th pick in the 2003 NHL Entry Draft. He has played in the NHL for the Edmonton Oilers for 5 seasons.
In the 2011-2012 season he played for the Anaheim Ducks. In July 2012, he was signed to the Florida Panthers.
Career statistics
References
Other websites
1985 births
American Hockey League players
Anaheim Ducks players
Baie-Comeau Drakkar players
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Edmonton Oilers players
Ice hockey people from Quebec
Living people
San Antonio Rampage players
Springfield Falcons players
Syracuse Crunch players
Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins players
The Faculty

The Faculty is a 1998 American Mexican science fiction horror movie directed by Robert Rodriguez and starring Jordana Brewster, Clea DuVall, Laura Harris, Josh Hartnett, Salma Hayek, Famke Janssen, Piper Laurie, Robert Patrick, Bebe Neuwirth, Usher Raymond, Jon Stewart, Elijah Wood and Gary Grant. It was distributed by Miramax Films.
Other websites
1998 science fiction movies
1998 horror movies
1990s science fiction horror movies
American science fiction horror movies
Mexican horror movies
Mexican science fiction movies
Movies set in Ohio
Movies directed by Robert Rodriguez
Movies about educators
Movies about parasites
Movies about extraterrestrial life
Varsinais-Suomi (parliamentary electoral district)

Varsinais-Suomi (; also called Finland Proper or Southwest Finland) is an electoral district of Finland.
Election results
References
Constituencies of Finland
Hanover Parish, Jamaica

Hanover is a parish in Jamaica. It is in the county of Cornwall. The parish capital is Lucea.
References
Parishes of Jamaica
Necmettin Erbakan

Necmettin Erbakan (29 October 1926 - 27 February 2011) was a Turkish politician. He was the Prime Minister of Turkey from 1996 to 1997. He was forced by the military to step down as prime minister and was later banned from politics.
Erbakan was the founder and leader of several prominent Islamic political parties in Turkey from the 1960s to the 2010s. The famous one were the National Order Party (MNP), the National Salvation Party (MSP), the Welfare Party (RP), the Virtue Party (FP), and the Felicity Party (SP).
References
1926 births
2011 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Prime Ministers of Turkey
Mony Elkaïm

Mony Elkaim (7 November 1941 - 20 November 2020) was a Moroccan-Belgian psychiatrist and psychotherapist. He was a part of the anti-psychiatry movement in the 1970s. He was born in Marrakesh, French Morocco.
Elkaim died on 20 November 2020 in Brussels at the age of 79.
References
1941 births
2020 deaths
Moroccan scientists
Belgian scientists
People from Marrakesh
Eishō (Muromachi period)

was a after Bunki and before Daiei. The period started in February 1504 and ended in August 1521. During this time, the emperor was .
Events of the Eisho era
1504 (Eisho 1): A great famine.
1508 (Eisho 5, 1st month): Ashikaga Yoshitane led troops into Kyoto.
21 September 1510 (Eisho 7, 18th day of the 8th month): Earthquake at Seionaikai (Latitude: 34.600/Longitude 135.400), 6.7 magnitude on the Richter Scale.
10 October 1510 (Eisho 7, 8th day of the 9th month): Earthquake in the Enshunada Sea (Latitude: 34.500/Longitude: 137.600), 7.0 on the Richter Scale.
1511 (Eisho 8, 2nd month): Yoshida Kanetomo died at the age of 77.
16 September 1511 (Eisho 8, 24th day of the 8th month): Battle of Funaokayama.
Related pages
Muromachi period
Eisho (Heian period)
References
Other websites
National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Japanese eras
Iain Duncan Smith

Sir George Iain Duncan Smith (born 9 April 1954 in Edinburgh, Scotland) is a British politician who is the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions from 2016 - 2016. He was the leader of the Conservative Party from September 2001 to November 2003 and is the Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Chingford and Woodford Green.
Iain Duncan Smith served in the Scottish part of the British Army, the Scots' Guard from 1975 to 1981. He became a Conservative Party MP at the 1992 General Election for the constituency of Chingford (called Chingford and Woodford Green from 1997). He became a member of William Hague's shadow cabinet in 1997 and became Shadow Defence Secretary in 1999. When Hague resigned in 2001, Iain Duncan Smith was elected leader of the Conservative Party, defeating Kenneth Clarke and Michael Portillo. In November 2003, Conservative Party MPs passed a Vote of No Confidence in Iain Duncan Smith because they believed he could not win the general election. He was replaced by Michael Howard. After the 2010 General Election, Iain Duncan Smith was made the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions. He resigned in March 2016.
Iain Duncan Smith was the first leader of the Conservative Party to have been Roman Catholic and was the first to have been born in Scotland since Arthur Balfour.
References
Other websites
- Official site
1954 births
Living people
British Army officers
British Roman Catholics
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Leaders of the Conservative Party (UK)
Leaders of the Opposition (United Kingdom)
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
Politicians from Edinburgh
Scottish Christians
Secretaries of State of the United Kingdom
UK MPs 1992-1997
UK MPs 1997-2001
UK MPs 2001-2005
UK MPs 2005-2010
UK MPs 2010-2015
UK MPs 2015-2017
UK MPs 2017-2019
UK MPs 2019-present