pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Young Animals

The Young Animals, also known as Born Wild, is a 1968 American drama movie directed by Maury Dexter and starring Tom Nardini, Patty McCormack, Joanna Frank, Arthur Petersen.
Other websites
1968 drama movies
American drama movies
Movies directed by Maury Dexter
Scharans

Scharans () is a municipality of the district of Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubunden in Switzerland.
Villages
St. Agata, Stufels, Parnegl and Prin.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Graubunden
Antonio Brack Egg

Antonio Jose Brack Egg (3 June 1940 - 30 December 2014), was a Peruvian agronomist engineer, an ecologist, and researcher. He was the first Peruvian Minister of the Environment.
Egg died after a brief hospitalization in Lima, Peru, aged 74.
References
1940 births
2014 deaths
Peruvian politicians
Peruvian engineers
Wilshire Grand Center

Wilshire Grand Center is a skyscraper in the Financial District of Downtown Los Angeles, California. It is the tallest building in Los Angeles, the tallest building in California, the tallest building west of the Mississippi River and outside of New York City, Chicago, and Philadelphia, and the 11th tallest building in the United States. The building is 105 floors.
It is taller than the U.S. Bank Tower by . The building is part of a mixed-use hotel, retail, observation decks, shopping mall, and office complex, expected to revitalize downtown Los Angeles and the area surrounding the building. The development of the complex is estimated to cost $1.2 billion.
References
Buildings and structures in Los Angeles
Skyscrapers in the United States
2018 establishments in the United States
2010s establishments in California
Werthenstein

Werthenstein is a municipality of the district of Entlebuch in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Lucerne
JPMorgan Chase Tower (Houston)

JPMorgan Chase Tower is a skyscraper in Houston, United States. It is 305 meters (1002 feet) tall and has 75 floors. It was built in 1982 and is one of the tallest buildings in the United States.
Related pages
List of tallest buildings in the United States
List of tallest buildings in the world
Sources
Other websites
Official Website - JPMorgan Chase Tower
Emporis.com - JPMorgan Chase Tower
SkycraperPage.com - JPMorgan Chase Tower
Skyscrapers in the United States
Buildings and structures in Houston
1982 establishments in the United States
1980s establishments in Texas
Andrés Zaldívar

Jose Andres Rafael Zaldivar Larrain, (born March 18, 1936) popularly known as El Chico Zaldivar ("Short Zaldivar"), is a Chilean Christian Democrat politician. He was born in Santiago de Chile. He unsuccessfully ran for President of Chile in the 1999-2000 election. Between 2017 and 2018, he was President of the Senate.
References
1936 births
Living people
Presidents of the Senate of Chile
Jerry Robinson

Sherrill David Robinson (January 1, 1922 - December 7, 2011) or Jerry Robinson, was an American comic book artist and writer. He created The Joker and Robin.
Robinson was born on January 1, 1922 in Trenton, New Jersey. He studied at Columbia University. Robinson died on January 7, 2011 from natural causes in his home in Staten Island, New York, aged 89.
References
Other websites
Jerry Robinson Papers 1953-2009 at Syracuse University
Jerry Robinson official site
1922 births
2011 deaths
American comics writers
American comics artists
DC Comics
Batman
People from Trenton, New Jersey
Peter Bakovic

Peter George "Pete" Bakovic (born January 31, 1965 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey left wing who played briefly in the National Hockey League in the late 1980s for the Vancouver Canucks.
Bakovic played his junior hockey for the Windsor Spitfires of the Ontario Hockey League but was never drafted. After a strong final year of junior, he was signed as a free agent by the Calgary Flames in 1985. A tough player who fought often, Bakovic spent three seasons playing minor pro in the Flames' system without seeing an NHL game. In two years with the Moncton Golden Flames of the AHL, he lead the team in penalty minutes both years, but also posted good offensive totals, notching 54 and 51 points. In his only year with the Salt Lake Golden Eagles, Bakovic posted 43 points in 39 games along with 221 PIM.
Late in the 1987-88 season, he was dealt to the Vancouver Canucks. Vancouver immediately promoted him to their NHL team, and he played 10 games for the Canucks, recording 2 goals and 48 PIM. However, injuries struck the next year and he found himself back in the IHL with the Milwaukee Admirals. Bakovic would play three more seasons in Milwaukee without seeing another NHL game before retiring in 1991.
Following his retirement, Bakovic stayed in Milwaukee and remained with the Admirals organization as an assistant coach until 1998. He continues to live in Milwaukee and coaches high school hockey.
References
1965 births
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
Sportspeople from Thunder Bay
Vancouver Canucks players
American Hockey League players
International Hockey League (1945-2001) players
Ontario Hockey League players
The Rubbish World of Dave Spud

Dave Spud is a British children's animated series featuring the surreal adventures of the eponymous Dave Spud of Grimsby, his friends and tower block-dwelling family. It was created and directed by Edward Foster, inspired by his 2003 NFTS student short 'Anna Spud'. It was developed into a pilot in 2010 produced by The Illuminated Film Company. 26 11-minute installments were commissioned, whilst the soundtrack was composed by electronic group Basement Jaxx.
Voice cast
Johnny Vegas as Dave Spud
Lisa Hammond as Anna Spud
Philip Glenister as Betty Spud (Mum)
Arthur Smith as George Spud (Dad)
Jane Horrocks as Gran Spud
Gina Yashere as Gareth
Akiya Henry as Little Sue
Adam Gillen as Robert Robot
Additional voices: David Holt, Roger Griffiths, Dave Peacock, Edward Foster
Series overview
Episodes
Season 1 (2019)
Season 2 (2020-)
References
Other websites
2019 television series debuts
2010s children's television series
Animated television series
Comedy television series
Fantasy television series
ITV children's television shows
Monsters at Work

Monsters at Work is an American computer-animated streaming television series. It is a spin-off of the Monsters, Inc. franchise, as well as a direct sequel to Monsters, Inc. (2001). It will be the third television series based on properties by Pixar, after Buzz Lightyear of Star Command and Forky Asks a Question; as well as making Monsters, Inc. the second Pixar franchise to spawn its own series.
The series made its debut on Disney+ on July 7, 2021.
References
Other websites
Monsters, Inc.
American comedy television series
American fantasy television series
American children's television series
American animated television series
Television series by Disney
English-language television programs
Gray iron

Gray iron or gray cast iron is a mixture of cast iron and graphite. It is used in cookware and combustion cylinders. The more force the iron can hold, the better the iron is.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Gray iron is very strong. It is also very good for building machines and very good for absorbing energy. Gray iron is easy to weld. However, gray iron cannot handle quick strikes, and breaks easily.
Iron
Cause of death

In law, medicine, and statistics, cause of death is the official reason that caused a human's death, which may be recorded on a death certificate. A cause of death is done by a medical examiner. The cause of death is a specific disease or injury, instead of manner of death which is a small number of categories like "natural", "accident", "suicide", and "homicide".
References
Death
Lotte Hass

Charlotte ("Lotte") Hildegard Hass (nee Baierl; 6 November 1928 - 14 January 2015) was the second wife of the Austrian naturalist and diving pioneer Hans Hass (who died on 16 June 2013). She worked as an underwater model and actress in several of his underwater natural history movies. She was added into the Women Divers Hall of Fame and the International Scuba Diving Hall of Fame in 2000.
References
Other websites
Lotte Hass at IMDb
1928 births
2015 deaths
Austrian movie actors
Models
Actors from Vienna
Jim Neilson

James Anthony "Chief" Neilson (November 28, 1940 - November 6, 2020) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the New York Rangers, California Golden Seals, and Cleveland Barons.
Neilson was born in Big River, Saskatchewan. He played a total of 1023 games in the NHL, with 69 goals and 299 assists. He played from 1962-63 season to 1977-78 season in the NHL and 1978-79 in the WHA.
Neilson died on November 6, 2020.
Career statistics
References
1941 births
2020 deaths
California Golden Seals players
Cleveland Barons (NHL) players
New York Rangers players
Ice hockey people from Saskatchewan
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Jaeden Martell

Jaeden Martell (ne Lieberher; born January 4, 2003) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Bill Denbrough in the 2017 and 2019 movie versions of the Stephen King novel It. He has also appeared in the mystery movie Knives Out (2019).
References
2003 births
Living people
American child actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Philadelphia
Möttingen

Mottingen is a municipality of the district of Donau-Ries in Bavaria in Germany. The mayor in 2018 is Erwin Seiler.
References
Donau-Ries
Islam in the Maldives

Islam is the state religion of Maldives, and adherence to it is legally required of citizens by a revision of the constitution in 2008: Article 9, Section D states that a non-Muslim may not become a citizen of the Maldives.
Maldives
Maldives
Modus ponens

Modus ponendo ponens is a valid, simple argument form in classical logic sometimes referred to as affirming the antecedent or the law of detachment. It is closely related to another valid form of argument, modus tollens or denying the consequent.
Modus ponens is a very common rule of inference, and takes the following form:
If P, then Q.
P.
Therefore, Q.
Related pages
Modus tollens
Syllogism
References
Rules of inference
Extinct (disambiguation)

Extinct may refer to:
Extinct volcano, a volcano that scientists consider unlikely to erupt again
Extinction of species
Extinct in the Wild, conservation status
Related pages
Extinct language
Rumst

Rumst is a municipality in the Belgian province of Antwerp.
In 2007, 14650 people lived there.
It is at 51deg 04 North, 04deg 25 East.
References
Municipalities of Antwerp
Plaza Suite

Plaza Suite is a 1971 American comedy movie directed by Arthur Hiller and was based on the 1968 play of the same name by Neil Simon. It stars Walter Matthau, Maureen Stapleton, Barbara Harris, Lee Grant, Jenny Sullivan and was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Other websites
1971 comedy movies
American comedy movies
Movies based on plays
Movies directed by Arthur Hiller
San Francisco Chronicle

The San Francisco Chronicle is a newspaper in the San Francisco Bay Area of California. It was founded in 1865 as The Daily Dramatic Chronicle by teenage brothers Charles de Young and Michael H. de Young.
References
Other websites
Official website
Newspapers in California
Companies based in San Francisco
1865 establishments in the United States
1860s establishments in California
Peter Colotka

Peter Colotka (10 January 1925 - 21 April 2019) was a Slovak academic, lawyer and politician. He served as the Prime Minister of the Slovak Socialist Republic from 1969 to 1988. He was became the Czechoslovak ambassador to France in late 1988 and served until January 1990. In 1990, he was arrested and accused of embezzlement, abuse of power and theft. Charges were dropped in 1994.
Colotka was born in the village of Sedliacka Dubova. He studied law at Comenius University in Bratislava. He died on 21 April 2019, at the age of 94.
References
1925 births
Czechoslovak academics
Ambassadors to France
Czechoslovak communist politicians
Slovak lawyers
Prime Ministers of Slovakia
PogChamp

PogChamp is an emoticon that is used on the live streaming platform Twitch. It is used to express excitement, joy or shock. The original image showed the streamer Ryan "Gootecks" Gutierrez with a surprised expression. The original emoticon originates from a video that was uploaded to YouTube on November 26, 2010, which shows behind-the-scenes recordings that were posted on Gutierrez's YouTube channel "Cross Counter TV" The PogChamp emote was added to Twitch's list of global emotes starting from 2012. However, the original emote was later removed by Twitch in January 2021, after Gutierrez posted on his Twitter page about supporting the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol. After January 8, 2021, a different person was shown as the face of PogChamp every 24 hours.
Since February 12, 2021, the original KomodoHype emote now replaces the PogChamp emote. This now means that there are now two duplicated versions of the KomodoHype emote.
References
Internet culture
SquareSoft

Square Co., Ltd also known as SquareSoft Inc. was a video game company in Japan. Masafumi Miyamoto started SquareSoft in 1986. It joined with Enix to become SquareEnix in 2003.
1986 establishments in Japan
2003 disestablishments
2000s disestablishments in Japan
Video game companies of Japan
Heaven Can Wait (1978 movie)

Heaven Can Wait is a 1978 American fantasy comedy movie co-directed by Warren Beatty and Buck Henry. It is about a young man (played by Beatty) being mistakenly taken to heaven by his guardian angel.
The movie was nominated for nine Academy Awards. The cast includes Beatty, Julie Christie, and Jack Warden.
References
1970s fantasy movies
1978 comedy movies
American fantasy-comedy movies
Paramount Pictures movies
Movies about angels
Movies about death
Movies about the afterlife
Movies about reincarnation
São Lourenço dos Órgãos, Cape Verde

Sao Lourenco dos Orgaos is a municipality in Cape Verde. It is on the island of Santiago. The capital city is Joao Teves.
Pico de Antonia, the island's highest mountain, is on the border.
References
Municipalities of Cape Verde
2005 establishments in Africa
Mafraq Governorate

The Mafraq Governorate () is one of the 12 governorates in Jordan. The capital of the governorate is the city of Mafraq, which is known for its military bases.
Governorates of Jordan
Wrightsville, Georgia

Wrightsville is a city in Johnson County, Georgia, United States. The population was 2,195 at the 2010 census. The city is the county seat of Johnson County.
References
County seats in Georgia
Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
Fredrik Reinfeldt

John Fredrik Reinfeldt (born August 4, 1965) was the Prime Minister of Sweden from 2006 to 2014. He was also the leader of the Moderate Party. The Moderate Party is the largest of the four political parties in the Swedish government, but the second largest in the parliament following the Swedish Social Democratic Party and their leader Stefan Lofven.
Reinfeldt lost his re-election to Stefan Lofven as Prime Minister. Reinfeldt also announced that he was resigning his position as leader of the Moderate Party.
1965 births
Living people
European Union politicians
Prime Ministers of Sweden
TiVi5 Monde

TiVi5 Monde (), stylized as TiVi5 MONDE, is an international pay television channel. It was launched at the end of January 2012.
Aims
The channel was launched by the Francophone network TV5 Monde, which is aimed mainly to French-speaking African children (4-13 years). Its main goal is to teach French to young children.
In the other regions, TiVi5 Monde is a block on TV5 Monde.
History
The channel was launched in the United States in 2012 on Dish Network.
On , the channel was launched in Africa on Canalsat Horizons, StarSat, and Zuku TV
Programming
TiVi5 Monde airs educational programs, cartoons, children's series and games. Starting 2016, 12% of the programs in the channel are African. All the programs are French-speaking; the channel doesn't make any French dubbing of American series. Its programs both playful and educational are broadcast without advertising.
This is a list of the programs formerly or currently broadcast on the channel:
Related pages
Gulli Africa
References
Other websites
(USA)
(USA)
American television networks
Television stations
Media in Europe
Organizations based in Belgium
Rajesh Hamal

Rajesh Hamal (, born 9 June 1964 in Tansen, Palpa, Nepal) is a Nepali actor. He is known for his Nepali films.
Filmography
Reference
1964 births
Living people
Nepalese movie actors
Actors from Kathmandu
Nepalese movie producers
José María Velasco Ibarra

Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra (March 19, 1893 - March 30, 1979) was an Ecuadorian politician. He was seen by many to be a dictator, He was elected five times to the post of president of Ecuador: 1934-1935, 1944-1947, 1952-1956, 1960-1961, and 1968-1972. But only once (1952-1956) did he complete the constitutional mandate.
Early life
Ibarra was born on March 19, 1893 in Quito, Ecuador. He studied at Central University of Ecuador. Ibarra was married to Corina Parral de Velasco Ibarra until his death in 1979.
Presidency
In 1933, he stood in the Ecuadorian presidential election and received 80% of the votes cast, the highest in Ecuadorian history. Velasco Ibarra traveled through several Latin American countries, including Peru, and restored Ecuador's global image. His first presidency began on September 1, 1934, but he was ousted in August 1935 by the military.
In May 1944, because of the May 28 "Glorious Revolution", he was named Supreme Chief of the Republic and was later named Constitutional President by the Constituent Assembly. In August 1947, he was again deposed by the military. Three defense ministers perpetuated the coup against Velasco Ibarra; among them was minister Mancheno, who later was his successor.
In 1952, he again won the presidential election, and began his third term as president on September 1, 1952. This time, he served his entire term, which ended on August 31, 1956. His third term was a time of progress for Ecuador: 311 schools were constructed, with another 104 in progress. More than 1359 km of roads were constructed, and 1057 km more were improved.
In 1960, he was elected president for the fourth time and was removed on November 7, 1961. In 1960, he nullified the Rio de Janeiro Protocol, which led to conflicts between Ecuador and Peru, including Paquisha in 1981 and the War of El Cenepa in 1995.
Finally, in 1968 Velasco Ibarra won the presidency for a fifth time. This government ended abruptly on February 15, 1972, when once more he was deposed in a bloodless coup, which brought General Guillermo Rodriguez Lara to power. In total, Velasco Ibarra governed nearly 13 years, making him the longest-serving president in Ecuadorian history.
Death
Ibarra fell of a bus in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He returned to Quito where he died from complications of his injuries on March 30, 1979, aged 86.
References
1893 births
1979 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls
Presidents of Ecuador
Politicians from Quito
Space Ghost Coast to Coast

Space Ghost Coast to Coast is a parody talk show with characters from the Space Ghost action adventure show from the 1960's. It was the first Adult Swim program, and it had several spin-offs.
Plot
Former superhero Space Ghost now hosts his own show. One of his former antagonists, Zorak, now does the music and another antagonist, Moltar, is now the producer and director. Space Ghost interviews several real people.
Characters
Space Ghost: The dumb and heroic host. He thinks that he's better than anybody.
Zorak: The musician that wants to torture Space Ghost.
Moltar: The show's director and producer. He is a creature lava man.
Tansit: A very big, overweight coward
Brak: A cat creature.
Cast
George Lowe as Space Ghost
C. Martin Croker as Zorak and Moltar
Andy Merrill as Brak and Lokar
Don Kennedy as Tansit
Related pages
Aqua Teen Hunger Force
The Brak Show
Cartoon Planet
Adult Swim
English-language television programs
Parodies
1994 American television series debuts
2008 American television series endings
Parody television shows
Hagar

Hagar was an Egyptian woman who was given as a servant to Abraham. When Abraham's wife Sarah couldn't have children, Sarah told Abraham to marry Hagar. Then Abraham married Hagar and she became pregnant and then became arrogant so Sarah treated her badly and then she ran away but an angel told Hagar to go back to Abraham because the Almighty would be with her, help her and protect her. Hagar came back and gave birth to a son, Ishmael. After Sarah gave birth to Isaac, she told Abraham to banish both Hagar and her son. Then the Almighty told Abraham to listen to his wife Sarah, so Abraham sent Hagar and Ishmael away with water that they could use to survive. When Ishmael got sick, Hagar gave him all the water she had and when she needed more for him, an angel gave it to her so she could save Ishmael. Ishmael then became the ancestor of the Ishmaelites.
Old Testament people
Peter Warburton

Peter Egerton Warburton (1813--1889) was an English naval and military officer who became famous as an explorer of Australia. He served as the Commissioner of Police in South Australia. He was employed by the South Australian government to replace Benjamin Herschel Babbage, because they felt Babbage was moving to slowly. Warburton led several trips into the desert between 1856 and 1874. He found a gap through the ring of salt lakes north of Adelaide in South Australia, which had blocked northward exploration. He visited the artesian springs which he named Coward Springs. He also explored the Davenport Range which he named after Sir Samuel Davenport, a South Australian politician.
In 1872 he became the first person to cross Australia from the centre, at Alice Springs to the coast of Western Australia. He had to cross the Great Sandy Desert, a trip which left him blind in one eye. He was so ill he completed the trip tied to his camel. They were forced to eat most of their camels. He said they only reason the group survived was through the skills of Charley, their Indigenous Australian guide, Charley. Warburton was made a CMG and given PS1000 as a reward in 1875.
References
1813 births
1889 deaths
Exploration of Australia
British military people
English explorers
Australian police officers
Dulce Amor (song)

"Dulce Amor" () is a song by the American singer Selena. The song was nominated "Song of the Year" at the 1989 Tejano Music Awards. Selena's brother, A.B. Quintanilla III had written the song. It was the lead single from the album of the same name (1988). The songs lyrics are about a girl expressing her emotions about a guy she really loves. The song was mixed with Cumbia music and Jazz fusion.
References
Selena songs
Gloria Estefan songs
1988 songs
Avro 683 Lancaster

Avro 683 Lancaster was developed out of Avro 679 Manchester. It was the most used RAF bomber in the Second World War. The changes made on Avro 679, like four Rolls-Royce Merlin X instead of two powerplants and longer wings, have led to the new name Avro 683. Royal Air Force ordered 1070 pieces of this airplane. After the success on the war places, Avro sold the production licence to other companies. One of those was Packard, who bought the licence for powerplant production and improved them. The variant with the most produced pieces was Avro 683 B I, a plane which was the base of RAF Bomber Command at that time.
Technical data (Lancaster B I)
References
Notes
Other websites
20./21. February 1945 - The last flight of RAF PD421 IQ-F. Historical research of an Avro 683 lost near Hagen, Germany German
Royal Air Force aircraft
Ansel Elgort

Ansel Elgort (born March 14, 1994) is an American actor, singer and DJ. As an actor, he is best known for playing Tommy Ross in Carrie (2013), Caleb Prior in Divergent (2014), Augustus Waters in The Fault in Our Stars (2014) and Baby / Miles in Baby Driver (2017). As a musician, he is known by his stage name Ansolo.
Elgort was born in New York City, New York. His father is Arthur Elgort, a photographer who has worked for Vogue. His mother is Grethe Barrett Holby, an opera director. He has Russian Jewish, English, German and Norwegian ancestry. He has been dating his girlfriend, Violetta Komyshan, since high school.
References
Other websites
Official music site
1994 births
Actors from Manhattan
American DJs
American movie actors
American stage actors
Jewish American actors
Living people
Models from Manhattan
Musicians from Manhattan
João Alves Filho

Joao Alves Filho (3 July 1941 - 24 November 2020) was a Brazilian politician and civil engineer. He was governor of the state of Sergipe from 1983 to 1987, from 1991 to 1995, and from 2003 to 2007. From 1987 to 1990 he was Brazilian Minister of the Interior. From 1975 to 1979 and again from 2013 to 2017, he was mayor of Aracju.
He died on 24 November 2020, aged 79, in Brasilia from COVID-19.
References
1941 births
2020 deaths
Brazilian politicians
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
9X Generation

The he 9X (The 9X Generation) is the group of people born between the years 1990 and 1999. This is a Vietnamese term.
Footnotes
Cultural anthropology
Feldkirch, Vorarlberg

Feldkirch is the second largest city in Vorarlberg. The largest hospital of Vorarlberg is there. About 33,000 people lived in Feldkirch, in 2019.
Feldkirch has seven districts named Feldkirch, Tisis, Tosters, Nofels, Levis, Gisingen and Altenstadt.
Settlements in Vorarlberg
Cities in Austria
Body fat

In histology, adipose tissue or body fat or just fat is a tissue made up of cells called adipocytes. They store nutrients called fats in fat cells. Adipose tissue produce different compounds which are called adipokines. They include leptin, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 beta and others.
References
Animal tissues
Lipids
Alex Rely

Alex Rely also known as The Peruvian Brown Panther (18 July 1898 -- 1966) was a Peruvian boxer. He competed in the middleweight category. He fought between 1918 and 1928.
De Boer made his debut on 1 June 1918 in Iquique against Jim Johnson and won on points. During his career he had 49 fights, winning 29 of them (13 losses, 4 draws). He became continental champion in 1926.
References
Peruvian sportspeople
boxers
1898 births
1966 deaths
Barrie

Barrie is a city and manifesting regional centre in Ontario, Canada, located on the shores of Kempenfelt Bay, the western arm of Lake Simcoe.
Barrie is located north of Toronto, northeast of Detroit and west of Ottawa.
Media
CIQB 1230
CKVR A Channel
References
Cities in Ontario
Temperate rainforest

Temperate rainforests are coniferous or broadleaf forests. They are in the temperate zone, and get heavy rain.
Temperate rainforest often occur in areas which have an oceanic moist climate. In many ways, they are similar to tropical rainforests, but they are in areas that are not as hot.
The conditions are very moist, and more open to light than a tropical rain forest. The lower levels of the forest have an understory. This means that, under the trees, fungi, moss, ferns, shrubs with berries grow.
Examples
Hyrcanian forests on the south side of the Caspian Sea. Shared between Iran and Azerbaijan. "Iran's Hyrcanian Forests Added to UNESCO World Heritage List". Financial Tribune. 5 July 2019.
Some forests in the Australian states of New South Wales, Victoria, and the west coast of Tasmania
Some forests in New Zealand
In a region called Kolchis, shared between Tukey and Georgia
Southern Siberian rainforest
On the Pacific coast of North America, in Alaska, British Columbia, and northern California
Valdivian temperate rain forest, in Chile and Argentina
Related pages
Tropical rainforest
References
Habitats
Rainforests
Petersburg, Indiana

Petersburg, Indiana is a city in Indiana in the United States. It is the county seat of Pike County.
References
Cities in Indiana
County seats in Indiana
James Govan

James Govan (September 2, 1949 - July 18, 2014) was an American Blues soul singer. His most recent album, I'm in Need, was released in 1996. He had also performed alongside such artists as The Boogie Blues Band and Charlie Wood.
Govan had become one of the favorite musicians on Beale Street. He routinely performed for over two decades at the Rum Boogie Cafe.
Govan died at the age of 64 on July 18, 2014.
References
1949 births
2014 deaths
American singer-songwriters
American blues singers
Singers from Mississippi
American R&B singers
Tonic (music)

In music, the tonic note is the first note in a diatonic scale. It is the tonal centre, or the tone on which the music sounds finished. The triad, or chord, based on the tonic note, is the tonic chord. All other notes in a piece of music use the tonic note as a reference point. Musical scales are named after the tonic note. For example, the tonic of a scale of C, is the note C. The tonic is always numbered as one, or in traditional music theory as I (using Roman numerals).
Music theory
The Emancipation of Mimi

The Emancipation of Mimi is the tenth album by American R&B singer Mariah Carey. It was released in the United States on April 12, 2005. It went straight to No.1 and was the best-selling album of the year in the US. It was Carey's best-selling album since Daydream (1995). Sixteenth months after the album was released Carey announced a tour for the album, The Adventures of Mimi: The Voice, The Hits, The Tour. The album was nominated for ten Grammy Awards. She won won "Best Contemporary R&B Album" for The Emancipation of Mimi, as well as "Best Female R&B Vocal Performance" and "Best R&B Song" for "We Belong Together".
Track listing
References
Other websites
The Emancipation of Mimi at Metacritic
2005 albums
Mariah Carey albums
Hip hop albums
Neo soul albums
R&B albums
Motor oil

Motor oil is a type of liquid oil used for lubrication by various kinds of motors, especially internal combustion engines. The main purpose of motor oil is to reduce friction against moving parts, which makes the motor last longer.
Oils
Billy Cundiff

William A. "Billy" Cundiff (born March 30, 1980) is an American former professional football placekicker. He played parts of 13 years in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Dallas Cowboys, New Orleans Saints, Cleveland Browns, Baltimore Ravens, Washington Redskins, San Francisco 49ers, and Buffalo Bills. Cundiff played college football at Drake University and was also part of the Drake Bulldog's Men's Basketball team.
References
Other websites
Billy Cundiff at baltimoreravens.com
1980 births
Living people
Baltimore Ravens players
Buffalo Bills players
Dallas Cowboys players
Cleveland Browns players
New Orleans Saints players
San Francisco 49ers players
Washington Redskins players
American football placekickers
Sportspeople from Phoenix, Arizona
Rafael Carvajal

Rafael Carvajal Guzman (1818-1881) was an Ecuadorian politician.
He served as Vice President of Ecuador from 1864 to 1865 and acting President from 31 August 1865 to 7 September 1865. He was the Vice President of Gabriel Garcia Moreno. He succeed him after he was assassinated.
Other websites
Official Website of the Ecuadorian Government about the country President's History
1818 births
1881 deaths
Presidents of Ecuador
Vice presidents of Ecuador
Blephilia

Blephilia (Downy Pagoda Plant or Wood Mint) is a genus of three species of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. They are all herbaceous plants native to eastern North America. The species are most often found in thin woods and in granite and limestone soils. Blephilia hirsuta and Blephilia ciliata are considered threatened or endangered in some states.
Species
Blephilia ciliata (Downy pagoda-plant)
Blephilia hirsuta (Hairy pagoda-plant)
Blephilia subnuda (Cumberland pagoda-plant)
References
Lamiaceae
Siege of Toulon (1793)

The siege of Toulon (29 August - 19 December 1793) was a military action that took place during the Federalist revolts of the French Revolutionary Wars. In the event, Republican forces fought against Royalist rebels supported by English and Spanish forces. The fighting took place in the southern French city of Toulon. During this siege, Napoleon Bonaparte became well known for the firs time. He was promoted when his plan to capture of fortifications above the harbour. He was credited with forcing the English and Spanish fleets to leave. The British siege of 1793 was the first time the Royal Navy was used in the French Revolution.
Rererences
Sieges
1793
Drew Pinsky

David Drew Pinsky (born September 4, 1958), commonly known as Dr. Drew, is an American addiction expert and media personality. He hosted the nationally syndicated radio talk show Loveline from 1984 until its end in 2016.
On television, he hosted the talk show Dr. Drew On Call on HLN and the daytime series Lifechangers on The CW. In addition, he was producer and starred in the VH1 show Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew, and its spinoffs Sex Rehab with Dr. Drew, Celebrity Rehab Presents Sober House.
References
1958 births
Living people
American psychiatrists
American radio personalities
American television personalities
Entertainers from California
Writers from Pasadena, California
With My Own Eyes

"With My Own Eyes" is a 2000 song by the German DJ group Sash! and it features Finnish singer Inka Auhagen. It is the third single from Sash's third studio album Trilenium which was released on 22 May 2000.
References
2000 songs
Sash! songs
First inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower

The first inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower as the 34th president of the United States was held on January 20, 1953. The inauguration was the beginning of the first four-year term of Dwight D. Eisenhower as President and Richard Nixon as Vice President.
Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson administered the Oath of office to Eisenhower. Nixon was sworn in as Vice President by Senator William Knowland of California earlier.
1953
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Eisenhower, Dwight D.
1950s in the United States
Eisenhower, Dwight
Oeschenbach

Oeschenbach is a municipality in the administrative district of Oberaargau in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.
References
Municipalities of Bern
List of extinct volcanoes

List of extinct volcanoes includes volcanoes which scientists consider unlikely to erupt again. A volcano which has not erupted in the past 10,000 years is often listed as extinct.
The extinct volcano no longer has a lava supply. An extinct volcano is no longer near an active geologic hot spot, if it ever was.
Volcanologists sometimes can't tell whether a volcano is extinct or dormant. A caldera that has not produced an eruption in tens of thousands of years is likely to be considered inactive. Dormant volcanoes may still erupt, whereas extinct ones cannot.
There are many examples of extinct volcanoes.
Ben Nevis, the tallest mountain in the United Kingdom.
Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain in the northern Pacific Ocean
Huascaran in Peru
Kyushu-Palau Ridge in the Philippine Sea
Mount Buninyong in Victoria Australia
Tamu Massif in the Northwest Pacific Ocean
Waw an-Namus in Libya
Edinburgh Castle in Scotland is located on a dolerite plug, the remnant of a volcano that went extinct many millions of years ago.
Related pages
List of volcanoes
List of active volcanoes
References
Lists of volcanoes
Seán Patrick O'Malley

Sean Patrick O'Malley (born June 29, 1944) is an American cardinal of the Catholic Church. He is the Archbishop of Boston. He became a cardinal in 2006.
When Pope Benedict XVI resigned in 2013, he was seen as a possible replacement. On April 13, 2013, Pope Francis appointed O'Malley as one of eight cardinals of the Council of Cardinal Advisers.
He was President of the Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors. On January 14, 2017, Francis appointed O'Malley to the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith.
References
1944 births
Living people
American cardinals
People from Boston
People from Lakewood, Ohio
Canettemont

Canettemont is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania

The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania (/'hwo:rt@n/ WHAWR-t@n; also known as Wharton Business School, the Wharton School, and Wharton) is the business school of the University of Pennsylvania, United States. Wharton School is believe to be the world's oldest collegiate business school.
References
Colleges and universities in Pennsylvania
1881 establishments
Philadelphia
Urðarbrunnr

Urdarbrunnr (Old Norse for the "Well of Urdr") is a well in Norse mythology. It is situated under the Yggdrasil or the world tree. Norse mythology is a version of the older northern Germanic mythology. The gods would travel via the bifrost with the exception of Thor as it was thought that he would break the bridge which took the form of a rainbow, to Urdarbrunnr. Here they would meet and decide things, presumably laws of nature and magic and love and war.
Places in Norse mythology
Alicia

Alicia [ uh-lish-uh, uh-lish-ee-uh, uh-lee-shuh, -shee-uh ]is a female given name. It is related to the name Alice. The name is very popular in certain countries which speak English.In 2021, the U.S. national ranking for newborn prevalence is 415.Alicia is thought to signify "noble" or "belonging to nobility." Additionally, it is linked with alicium, a Latin word that means "truth."
It was also used for a hurricane in 1983, Hurricane Alicia.
People
Alicia Bridges
Alicia de Larrocha
Alicia Fox
Alicia Goranson
Alicia Keys
Alicia Silverstone
Alicia Witt
Alicia Rhett, an American painter and actress
Alicia Vikander, a Swedish actress
References
Given names
Typhoon Kompasu (2010)

Typhoon Kompasu was noticed on August 28, the United States Air Force base in Okinawa, Japan, began preparing for what was then Tropical Storm 08W. Tropical Cyclone Condition of Readiness (TCCOR) level three was issued the following morning. By August 30, forecasts showed that a strengthening storm would strike the area, possibly bringing winds in excess of . Following this, the TCCOR level was increased to two. For the first time in over three years, TCCOR level one was declared on August 31. Military personnel and residents across the island were urged to complete their preparations and remain indoors for the duration of the typhoon. During the storm's passage on August 31, the highest warning level, TCCOR One-E (emergency) was declared. Following Kompasu's passage, the emergency warning was changed to recovery as conditions improved.
Throughout Okinawa, Kompasu brought strong winds and heavy rains, leaving an estimated 32,000 residences without power. The highest rainfall total was measured in Motobu at . Winds in excess of felled a 300-year-old tree. The Sion Pine Tree was the last of its kind on the island and was once the symbol of the northern Okinawa Region. The Okuma Recreation Facility sustained substantial damage and was closed to the public for at least a week. According to United States Air Force captain Adam Vaccarezza, concrete towers fell during the storm. Although Kompasu was a strong typhoon when it passed over Okinawa, no loss of life took place; however, five people were injured. Some homes sustained roof damage across the region, prompting a few evacuations. Additionally, Kompasu resulted in the cancellation of 432 flights to and from the island chain, stranding 57,126 people.
References
Pacific typhoons
2010 disasters in Asia
2010 in weather
2010s disasters in Japan
2010s in North Korea
2010 in South Korea
August 2010 events
Disasters in Japan
Natural disasters in Asia
September 2010 events
The Amazing Johnathan

John Edward Szeles (September 9, 1958 - February 22, 2022), better known by the stage name The Amazing Johnathan, was an American comedian and magician. From 2001 to 2014, he was a year-round headliner in Las Vegas, Nevada. He was also known for working with Criss Angel. A Hulu documentary about him was released in 2019 titled The Amazing Johnathan Documentary.
In March 2007, Szeles was diagnosed with cardiomyopathy. He died in his sleep at his home in Las Vegas on February 22, 2022, at the age of 63.
References
1958 births
2022 deaths
Deaths from cardiomyopathy
American magicians
Comedians from Detroit
Comedians from Las Vegas
Actors from Las Vegas
Actors from Detroit
Titanite

Titanite, or sphene (from the Greek sphenos (spheno), meaning wedge), is a calcium titanium silicate mineral. Its chemical formula is CaTiSiO5. Iron and aluminium are sometimes found in it. Also sometimes found in it are rare earth metals including cerium and yttrium, and the actinide thorium.
References
Other websites
Madagascar Sphene Properties, Occurrences and Geological data
Minerals
Gemstones
Arbus, Pyrénées-Atlantiques

Arbus, Pyrenees-Atlantiques is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Communes in Pyrenees-Atlantiques
Karasawayama Shrine

Karasawayama Shrine is a Beppyo shrine in Sano, Tochigi It is located on the former grounds of . The castle grounds including the shrine is a National historic site of Japan
References
Beppyo shrines
Bekkaku kanpeisha
Stars and Stripes Forever (movie)

Stars and Stripes Forever is a 1952 American biographical movie directed by Henry Koster and was based on the autobiographical novel by John Philip Sousa. It stars Clifton Webb, Debra Paget, Robert Wagner, Ruth Hessey, Roy Roberts, Finlay Currie, Lester Matthews and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Other websites
1952 movies
1950s biographical movies
American biographical movies
Movies based on books
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Henry Koster
Salyut 3

Salyut 3 was a space station in the Soviet Union's Almaz program. It was also known as OTS-2 and Almaz 2. The size and shape were similar to Salyut 1, but the rest of the design was very different. This was because it was part of the Almaz program instead of the Salyut program. It was only named Salyut 3 to hide its real purpose. In reality it was a military station for spying on other countries. Most details of it were not known until after the Cold War was over.
The station had living areas for cosmonauts, engines, and solar panels. These were similar to other space stations. Due to its military nature, it also had some special equipment. There was a space telescope and several cameras, all for looking at the Earth. A small spacecraft called the Earth-return capsule stored film and could come back to Earth on its own. It was also possible for cosmonauts to develop film on the station and send back the images using a TV system. Salyut 3 also had an onboard cannon (large gun), based on a design used on aircraft.
Salyut 3 was launched into orbit on 25 June 1974 by a Proton rocket. It stayed in space for 213 days before being burned up in the atmosphere. Starting on 4 July 1974 a crew of two cosmonauts stayed at the station for two weeks. Then on 26 August 1974 a second crew arrived but could not connect to the station and so had to return to earth. After this no other crews visited, but the station could do some tasks on its own. One was sending the Earth-return capsule back. The second was firing the cannon. This is the only time a gun has been fired in space. A total of 20 rounds were fired in 3 bursts.
On 24 January 1975 the station entered the atmosphere and burned up. It was followed by Salyut 4 which was a civilian space station. The next Almaz station was Salyut 5.
References
Space stations
Soviet spacecraft
Espionage
Spacecraft launched in the 1970s
Caldas Department

Caldas Department is a department of Colombia. It is named after Colombian patriotic figure Francisco Jose de Caldas. The capital is Manizales. In 2013, 984,128 people lived there.
Municipalities
These municipalities are in the department:
Aguadas
Anserma
Aranzazu
Belalcazar
Chinchina
Filadelfia
La Dorada
La Merced
Manizales
Manzanares
Marmato
Marquetalia
Marulanda
Neira
Norcasia
Pacora
Palestina
Pensilvania
Riosucio
Risaralda
Salamina
Samana
San Jose
Supia
Victoria
Villamaria
Viterbo
Departments of Colombia
Jacques de Maleville

Jacques de Maleville, born and baptized on June 19, 1741 in Domme, where he died on November 22, 1824, French jurisconsult and politician, was one of the drafters of the Civil Code.
References
1741 births
1824 deaths
French politicians
Hebei

Hebei (Hanzi: He Bei ; pinyin: Hebei) is a province in China that wraps around the cities of Beijing and Tianjin, two of China's four "municipalities". The name Hebei means "North of the (Yellow) River" in Chinese. It was formed in 1928 after the central government dissolved Chihli province. The old name, Chihli or Zhili, which means "directly administered" referred to its status under the Qing dynasty. Hebei province borders Liaoning province on the northeast. On the north it borders Inner Mongolia. To the west it borders Shanxi province. It borders the provinces of Henan to the south and Shandong to the southwest. Shijiazhuang is the capital of the province.
The abbreviated name of Hebei is Ji (Ji ), since there is another province that also has the syllable "He" (He ) in it, Henan (He Nan ). Due to Hebei completely surrounding Beijing and Tianjin, the municipalities of Beijing and Tianjin and the province of Hebei are often lumped together and called Jingjinji, with the "Jing" being Beijing, the "Jin" being Tianjin, and the "Ji" being the abbreviation of Hebei.
References
Other websites
Hebei Government website
Hebei
Neukirchen beim Heiligen Blut

Neukirchen is a municipality in the district of Cham in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Cham (district)
Cy Twombly

Edwin Parker "Cy" Twombly, Jr. (April 25, 1928 - July 5, 2011) was an American artist. He used the nickname "Cy", after his father and the star baseball pitcher Cy Young.
Twombly was known for his large-scale, freely scribbled, calligraphic-style graffiti paintings, on solid fields of mostly gray, tan, or off-white colors. He exhibited his paintings worldwide. Twombly's paintings blur the line between drawing and painting. Many of his best-known paintings of the late 1960s are reminiscent of a school blackboard on which someone has practiced cursive "e"s. Twombly had at this point discarded painting figurative, representational subject-matter, citing the line or smudge - each mark with its own history - as its proper subject.
Later, many of his paintings and works on paper moved into "romantic symbolism", and their titles can be interpreted visually through shapes and forms and words. Twombly often quoted the poet Stephane Mallarme, as well as many classical myths and allegories in his works. Examples of this are his Apollo and The Artist and a series of eight drawings consisting solely of inscriptions of the word "VIRGIL". In a 1994 retrospective, curator Kirk Varnedoe described Twombly's work as "influential among artists, discomfiting to many critics and truculently difficult not just for a broad public, but for sophisticated initiates of postwar art as well". After acquiring Twombly's Three Studies from the Temeraire (1998-99), the Director of the Art Gallery of New South Wales said "sometimes people need a little bit of help in recognising a great work of art that might be a bit unfamiliar". He is said to have influenced younger artists such as Anselm Kiefer, Francesco Clemente, and Julian Schnabel.
References
Other websites
Cy Twombly: Comprehensive collection of more than 200 images of artist's works with biography, articles and exhibition information.
From VOGUE to NEST: 032c activates the secret history of CY TWOMBLY by HORST P. HORST in 032, Issue #19, Summer 2010.
NY Times ArtsBeat, Cy Twombly, Idiosyncratic Painter dies at 83
American painters
1928 births
2011 deaths
Division of Franklin (state)

The Division of Franklin is one of the five multi-member electorates in the Tasmanian House of Assembly. It is named after Sir John Franklin.
It is located in the state's south and includes Bruny Island. It includes some outer suburbs of Hobart. It shares the same boundaries as the federal Division of Franklin, which only has one member.
Election results
References
Franklin
Senate of Poland

The Senate () is the upper house of the Polish parliament, the lower house being the 'Sejm'. The Senate is based in Warsaw. The Senate is made up of 100 senators elected by universal ballot and is headed by the Marshal of the Senate (Marszalek Senatu).
The incumbent Marshal of the Senate is Tomasz Grodzki.
Other websites
Government of Poland