pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Isthmohyla

Isthmohyla is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. Scienitsts made this genus in 2005 after they looked at Hylidae and decided to make it better. Before 2005, the 15 species in this genus were in the genus Hyla instead. They are endemic to Central America in Honduras, Costa Rica, and Panama.
Species
This genus has 14 species in it:
References
Frogs of North America
Sexual harassment

Sexual harassment is bullying, coercing or making threats of sexual natures toward other people. The behavior is not appropriate and in some circumstances it is illegal. Ranges of behavior go from seemingly minor annoyances to actual sexual abuse, psychological abuse or assault. For most businesses, the prevention of sexual harassment and defending employees and others from sexual harassment has become a key goal for legal decision-making.
The phrase appeared in print in a 1972 issue of The Globe and Mail newspaper published in Toronto. The term 'sexual harassment' was also used in 1973 in a report by Mary Rowe called Saturn's Rings.
A 2011 study found that 48% of the 1,965 students surveyed had been sexually harassed. 9% reported the harassment to an adult who worked at school. Girls were more likely to be sexually harassed than boys. Girls are more likely to say that sexual harassment has affected them in a bad way.
References
Other page
Me Too movement
Violence against women
Sexual abuse
Women's rights
Telugu wedding ceremony

The Telugu Hindu wedding ceremony is the traditional wedding ceremony of the Telugu people in India.The cenermony can last several days. In the 19th century, some ceremonies lasted up to sixteen days. Modern ceremonies can still last two days or more. The caste of the bride and the groom are important for the ceremony. The pendli or wedding is considered the strongest of social bonds. It is said to spiritually merge two souls opening the doors to gruhastaashramam (household life).
Images
References
Ceremonies
BR Standard Class 9F

The BR Standard Class 9F 2-10-0 is a class of steam locomotive designed for British Railways by Robert Riddles. The Class 9F was the last in a series of standardised locomotive classes designed for British Railways during the Cold War from 1954-1960 in the aftermath of World War 2 since 1945 . The 9F was intended for use on fast, heavy freight trains over long distances. It was one of the most powerful steam locomotive types ever constructed in Britain, and successfully performed its intended duties. The class earned a nickname of 'Spaceships', due to its size and shape. They were numbered 92000-92250.
British Rail
British Railways steam locomotives
Thézillieu

Thezillieu is a former commune. It is in the Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes region in the Ain department in east France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Plateau d'Hauteville.
References
Former communes in Ain
Bini (group)

Bini (stylized as BINI) is an eight-member Filipino girl group formed by ABS-CBN Star Hunt Academy, consisting of Aiah, Colet, Maloi, Gwen, Stacey, Mikha, Sheena, and Jhoanna. Their pre-debut single "Da Coconut Nut" was released on November 20, 2020. The group officially debuted on June 4, 2021 with the single "Born to Win".
Career
2020 Pre-debut with "Da Coconut Nut"
On November 6, 2020, the group released their first ever Pre-debut single and other content such as teaser release, Lyric Video, Music Video, Pre-debut documentary and more. They also trained through the Korean Training System led by MC Doctor before the pandemic and Pinoy Training system led by Direk Lauren Dyogi and Star Hunt Academy Staff. They were also introduced as a pre-debut girl group and Apperanced on ABS-CBN TV shows, and went viral with their first single "Da Coconut Nut" Performance on Its Showtime.
On December 4 the group signed and became the new face in Star Magic, the group is officially an artist in Star Magic and they are already preparing for their upcoming debut this year.
2021: Official debut
In May 2021, the group announced and released teasers for their upcoming debut. The group is also confirmed to have their official debut in June according to ABS-CBN. The group was officially debuted and release their first single "Born To Win" on June 4, 2021.
Members
Discography
Digital Singles
Born To Win (2021)
Remake Singles
Da Coconut Nut (2020)
Filmography
Variety Shows
Its Showtime
Asap Natin 'To
MYXClusive
Iwant Asap
Concerts
Showcase
"BINI the Launch" (2021)
Awards and nominations
References
Other websites
2021 establishments in Asia
Girl groups
2020s establishments in the Philippines
Tuba Hassan

Tuba Hassan is a cricketer from Pakistan. She plays for the Pakistan women's national cricket team. She was born on October 18, 2000.
References
Other websites
2000 births
Living people
Pakistani cricketers
Sportspeople from Lahore
Grand-Auverné

Grand-Auverne is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Yaroslav the Wise

Yaroslav I, Grand Prince of Rus', known as Yaroslav the Wise (c. 978 - February 20, 1054) was Grand Prince of Novgorod and Kyiv. He brought together the two principalities for a time under his rule.
A son of the Varangian (Viking) Grand Prince Vladimir the Great, he was vice-regent of Novgorod at the time of his father's death in 1015. His oldest surviving brother, Svyatopolk the Accursed, killed three of his other brothers and took power in Kyiv. Yaroslav, with the support of the Novgorodians and the help of Varangian mercenaries, defeated Svyatopolk. He became the Grand Prince of Kyiv in 1019. Yaroslav started to write down the legal customs. This served as the basis for a law code called the Russkaya Pravda ("Russian Justice"). During his long reign, Rus' reached the height of its cultural flowering and military power.
References
History of Ukraine
978 births
1054 deaths
Russian princes and princesses
Lottie Louise Riekehof

Lottie Louise Riekehof (August 13, 1920 - August 6, 2020) was an American Sign Language interpreter and author. She was born in Germany. She was an important person in the field of professional sign language interpreting.
She wrote one of the first classes for interpreter educators, and trained interpreters and interpreter educators all over the world.
References
1920 births
2020 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Educators from Virginia
Writers from Arlington County, Virginia
Groveland, Florida

Groveland is a city of Florida in the United States.
Geography
Groveland has a total area of 27.5 square miles.
Cities in Florida
Anatoly Kornukov

Anatoly Mikhailovich Kornukov (; 10 January 1942 - 1 July 2014) was a Russian army general from 1959 until 2002. He was a fighter pilot in the Soviet Air Defence Forces. He was commander-in-chief of the Russian Air Force from 1998 to 2002. He got internationally known when it was found out that he ordered Korean Air Lines Flight 007 to be shot down on 1 September 1983.
Kornukov was born in Kadievka, Soviet Union (now Stakhanov, Ukraine).
Kornukov died on 1 July 2014 in Moscow, aged 72.
References
1942 births
2014 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Russia
Russian generals
Soviet generals
ESCP Business School

ESCP Business School is an European higher studies establishment. The school is in 6 places, in Paris, France, in the United Kingdom (London), in Spain (Madrid), in Italy (Torino), in Poland (Warsaw), and in Germany (Berlin), where it is a university. It is the oldest business school in the world established in 1819. and therefore presents itself as "The World's First Business School".
ESCP is specialist in the fields of economics, social sciences and management.
References
Further reading
ESCP website
Education in France
Todd Scully

Clark Todd Scully (September 13, 1948 - September 6, 2021) was an American racewalker. He competed in the men's 20 kilometres walk at the 1976 Summer Olympics. He was born in Princeton, New Jersey.
Scully died on September 6, 2021 in a car crash in Big Island, Virginia at the age of 72.
References
1948 births
2021 deaths
American track and field athletes
Racewalkers
Sportspeople from New Jersey
People from Princeton, New Jersey
Aetigkofen

Aetigkofen is a former municipality in the new municipality of Buchegg and district Bucheggberg in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.
References
Former municipalities of Solothurn
Colp, Illinois

Colp is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Villages in Illinois
Cream pie

A cream pie is a type of pie filled with a rich custard or pudding that is made from milk, cream, flour, and eggs. It can come in many forms, like vanilla, lemon, lime, banana, coconut, and chocolate. A common feature of all cream pies is the whipped cream topping. The pudding-like filling is related to the French creme patissiere which is a main ingredient of many French cakes and tarts.
Desserts
Pies
Louisville, Georgia

Louisville is a city in Jefferson County, Georgia, United States. It is a former state capital of Georgia and is the county seat of Jefferson County. Its population was 2,493 at the 2010 census.
References
County seats in Georgia
Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
Kaffir

Kaffir may be meaning:
Islam
Kafir, an Islamic term usually translated as unbeliever similar to the Christian word pagan or Hebrew word koffer.
Africa
The Nguni languages, called the Kaffa languages in the 19th century.
Fanagalo, a Zulu based pidgin language once referred to as Kitchen Kaffir.
Kaffraria or British Kaffraria, a former designation for King William's Town and East London, South Africa.
Kaffir boom, a species of tree in the Fabaceae family.
South African ethnic slur for a black person. Thought to be borrowed from the language of the Cape Malay, who are an Islamic people.
South Asia
Sri Lanka Kaffir people, an ethnic group
Sri Lanka Kaffir language, a creole spoken by that people
Middle East
Kafiristan, the historic name for the Nuristan Province in Afghanistan
The Nuristani people descendants of the Hindukush Kafir people
The Nuristani languages once called Kafiiri or Kafiristani
Kafir harp
Botany
Kaffir lime, a variety of lime native to Indonesia also known as a makrut lime.
Kaffir lily, one of two flowers found in southern Africa
Clivia miniata
Hesperantha coccinea
Other
Sunbeam Kaffir, an engine from the Sunbeam Car Company
Kefir or Kephir, a fermented milk drink from the Caucasus region
Marie Adélaïde of Savoy

Marie Adelaide of Savoy (6 December 1685 - 12 February 1712) was born a Princess of Savoy and was the wife of Louis, Duke of Burgundy. She was the eldest daughter of Victor Amadeus II, Duke of Savoy and of Anne Marie d'Orleans. She died of measles in 1712, followed by her husband a week later. She was the mother of Louis XV.
Early life and background
She was born in Turin in December 1685 the eldest daughter of Victor Amadeus II. Her mother was Anne Marie d'Orleans, a niece of Louis XIV, and the daughter of Philippe, Duke of Orleans and of Henrietta of England. Her birth nearly cost her sixteen-year-old mother her life. Marie Adelaide enjoyed a close relationship with her grandmother.
Marriage
She was engaged to Louis, Duke of Burgundy, Dauphin of France whom she died not marry till 6 December 1697 despite living at Versailles for a year. She became known in France as Marie Adelaide de Savoie. She was styled the Duchess of Burgundy till her husband became Dauphin in 1711 at the death of Louis, Grand Dauphin. The new Duchess of Burgundy had a close relationship with the king and with Madame de Maintenon. In early April 1711, her father-in-law Le Grand Dauphin caught smallpox and died in April. Upon the death of Le Grand Dauphin, Marie Adelaide's husband became Dauphin of France and she Dauphine of France. The court went to Fontainebleau where Marie Adelaide caught a fever which became in measles. She died of measles soon after. Her husband who mourned her greatly died six days later, having caught the measles from his wife. They were bother buried at the Basilica of Saint Denis. Her granddaughter Marie Adelaide was named after her.
Children
Louis of France, Duke of Brittany (25 June 1704 - 13 April 1705) died of convulsions;
Louis of France, Duke of Brittany (8 January 1707 - 8 March 1712) died of measles;
Louis XV of France (15 February 1710 - 10 May 1774) first engaged to Mariana Victoria of Spain; married Marie Leszczynska and had issue; died of smallpox.
1685 births
1712 deaths
House of Bourbon
Infectious disease deaths in France
People from Turin
Dauphins and Dauphines of France
Princes and Princesses of Savoy
Burials at the Basilica of St Denis
Luis Robson

Luis Robson (born 21 September 1974) is a former Brazilian football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1997||rowspan="5"|Spartak Moscow||rowspan="5"|Top League||10||1
|-
|1998||20||3
|-
|1999||20||7
|-
|2000||24||10
|-
|2001||28||11
|-
|2002||Consadole Sapporo||J. League 1||5||0
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="3"|Lorient||rowspan="3"|Ligue 2||18||4
|-
|2003/04||28||7
|-
|2004/05||24||5
102||32
5||0
70||16
177||48
|}
References
1974 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
The Gits

The Gits was a punk rock band that formed in Seattle, Washington in 1986 and disbanded in 1993 after the mysterious murder of their lead singer Mia Zapata. Joan Jett who is a long time fan of The Gits wrote a song entitled "Go Home" which was inspired by the death of Mia Zapata.
The band's original name was "Snivelling Little Rat Faced Gits" which was named after a Monty Python skit but they later shortened it to The Gits.
Discography
Frenching the Bully (C/Z Records) (1992).
(Reissued on Broken Rekids), (2003)
Enter: The Conquering Chicken (C/Z Records) (1993).
(Reissued on Broken Rekids), (2003)
Kings & Queens (Broken Rekids) (1996)
Seafish Louisville (Broken Rekids) (2000)
Best of The Gits (Liberation) (2008)
Other websites
The Gits Official Site
The Gits Site (Spanish)
American punk bands
Musical groups from Seattle
Musical groups established in 1986
Musical groups disestablished in 1993
1986 establishments in the United States
1993 disestablishments in the United States
1980s establishments in Washington (state)
1990s disestablishments in Washington (state)
Deep Ng

Deep Ng (Wu Hao Kang ; born Wu Wei Nan on 13 June 1983) is a Hong Kong singer and actor of the Emperor Entertainment Group.
He was fined 5,000 USD because of keeping cocaine (an illegal drug).
He was charged of beating Chim Chi Kin at the Boozeroo Pub in Tsim Sha Tsui on 11 July 2005. On November 21, 2005, the court ruled that he did not committed the crime, because what the victim said seemed not to match his own words.
Deep also acted in movies like New Police Story. He is also famous for his number 1 hit song, Select the Breakup Day (Ze Ri Shi Lian ). A new album, Nowhere (pronounced as Now-here), was sold in public in September 2005. This album was seen as a comeback for Deep after a number of bad news. He also had another new album, Documentary, in 2006.
His albums
Deep EP (2003)
Deep In The Music EP (2004)
Deep: Inside (2005)
903 California Red: Eleven Fires Concert - Deep Ng (2005)
Nowhere (2005)
Documentary (2006)
3.D New Songs + Greatest Hits (2007)
Other websites
Deep's Official Site
Deep Ng Interview
Deep Ng's Lyrics and Midi
Hong Kong actors
Hong Kong singers
1983 births
Living people
Pierre-Marie Coty

Pierre-Marie Coty (22 November 1927 - 17 July 2020) was an Ivorian Roman Catholic bishop. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1955. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Daloa, Ivory Coast from 1975 to 2005.
Coty died on 17 July 2020, aged 92.
references
1927 births
2020 deaths
Ivorian people
Roman Catholic bishops
Schwartz–Jampel syndrome

Schwartz-Jampel syndrome is a genetic disorder that causes muscles to be constantly tense.
Genetic disorders
Banville

Banville is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Calvados
Tiberias

Tiberias (; , Tverya, Tiveria ; , ) is a city in northern Israel. It is located along the Sea of Galilee, in the Lower Galilee at the Jordan Valley. Tiberias has been considered one of Judaism's four holiest cities, along with Jerusalem, Hebron and Safed.
Other websites
City council website Municipality Site in Hebrew
Place To Visit in Tiberias (English)
Tiberias - City of Treasures: The official website of the Tiberias Excavation Project
Hamat Tiberias National Park : description, photo gallery
Nefesh B'Nefesh Community Guide for Tiveria-Tiberias, Israel
Rancho del Cielo

Rancho del Cielo is a 688 acre estate and a ranch that was owned by President Ronald Reagan. It is located at Santa Barbara, California, USA.
Other websites
Young America's Foundation: Reagan Ranch
"Life Portrait of Ronald Reagan", broadcast from Rancho del Cielo from C-SPAN's American Presidents: Life Portraits
Ronald Reagan
Buildings and structures in California
Santa Barbara, California
Westport Island, Maine

Westport Island is a town in Lincoln County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Buverchy

Buverchy is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
Communes in Somme
Ainsley Harriott

Ainsley Harriott (born 28 February 1957) is a British celebrity chef, television presenter and entertainer. He is known for his BBC cooking shows Ready Steady Cook (1994-2010) and Can't Cook, Won't Cook (1995-2000). In 2013, he was a contestant on Strictly Come Dancing.
Harriott was born in Paddington, London. His father was the Jamaican-born pianist Chester Harriott (1933-2013). He is separated from his wife Clare Fellows. The couple have two children.
References
Other websites
1957 births
Living people
Black British people
British chefs
People from Paddington
Television personalities from London
Plovdiv

Plovdiv () is the second-largest city in Bulgaria. 346,893 people lived here in 2018. It was the European Capital of Culture in 2019.
Cities in Bulgaria
Ronnie James Dio

Ronnie James Dio (born Ronaldo Giovanni Padovan July 10, 1942 - May 16, 2010) was an American heavy metal singer. His parents were Italian Americans. He performed with Elf, Rainbow, Black Sabbath, and his own band Dio. He was also part of the band Heaven and Hell (named after Black Sabbath's most famous song), with some of the original Black Sabbath members. Dio was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire and raised in Cortland, New York. He starred in the Tenacious D movie, The Pick Of Destiny.
In November 2009, Dio was diagnosed with stomach cancer, which caused his death in Houston, Texas, on May 16, 2010. He was 68.
References
Other websites
Official site of Ronnie James Dio
American rock singers
Bassists
Cancer deaths in Texas
Deaths from stomach cancer
People from Portsmouth, New Hampshire
Singers from New York (state)
Singers from New Hampshire
1942 births
2010 deaths
The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (2003 movie)

The Texas Chainsaw Massacre is a 2003 American slasher movie directed by Marcus Nispel. It was written by Scott Kosar. It stars Jessica Biel, Jonathan Tucker, Erica Leerhsen, R. Lee Ermey, Mike Vogel, and Eric Balfour.
Its plot follows a group of young adults traveling through rural Texas who encounter Leatherface and his murderous family.
It is a remake of Tobe Hooper's 1974 movie of the same name, and the fifth installment in The Texas Chainsaw Massacre franchise. John Larroquette reprised his voice narration for the opening intertitles.
The movie was released in the United States on October 17, 2003, and grossed $107 million at the U.S. box office. It is considered one of the most commercially successful horror movie remakes of the 21st century.
Notes
2003 horror movies
Platinum Dunes movies
Movies set in the 1970s
The Texas Chainsaw Massacre movies
Bryan Robinson

Bryan Keith Robinson, nicknamed "Big Dog", (June 22, 1974June 11, 2016) was an American football defensive tackle. He was originally signed by the St. Louis Rams as an undrafted free agent in 1997.
Robinson also played for the Chicago Bears, the Miami Dolphins, the Cincinnati Bengals, and the Arizona Cardinals.
On June 11, 2016, Robinson was found dead in a Milwaukee motel room, aged 41.
References
1974 births
2016 deaths
African American players of American football
American football defensive ends
American football defensive tackles
Arizona Cardinals players
Chicago Bears players
Cincinnati Bengals players
Miami Dolphins players
Sportspeople from Toledo, Ohio
St. Louis Rams players
Texas Stars

The Texas Stars are an American professional ice hockey team that began playing in 2009. They currently play in the American Hockey League and are the farm team of the Dallas Stars of the NHL. They play their home games in Cedar Park, Texas at the Cedar Park Center. Their ECHL affiliate team is the Idaho Steelheads and their CHL affiliate team is the Allen Americans.
Other websites
Texas Stars Official Site
American Hockey League teams
Dallas Stars
Ice hockey teams in the United States
2009 establishments in the United States
2000s establishments in Texas
Campbellsville, Kentucky

Campbellsville is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Cities in Kentucky
County seats in Kentucky
Jacobs School of Music

The Jacobs School of Music of Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana, is a music conservatory started in 1921. Until 2005, it was known as the Indiana University School of Music. It has more than 1,600 students, approximately half of whom are undergraduates, with the second largest enrollment of all music schools as said by the National Association of Schools of Music.
Notable alumni
References
Other websites
Official site
Music schools
Colleges and universities in Indiana
1921 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Indiana
Thomas Kean

Thomas Howard "Tom" Kean, Sr. (; born April 21, 1935) is an American Republican Party politician. He served as the 48th Governor of New Jersey from 1982 to 1990.
References
Other websites
Thomas H. Kean biography at 9/11 Commission Official Web Site.
New Jersey Governor Thomas H. Kean biography , National Governors Association.
Governor Tom Kean , a biography by Alvin S. Felzenberg, Rutgers University Press.
"A View from Outside the Beltway: Winning Policy Themes for the 1990s" , by Thomas Kean, Heritage Lecture No. 357, Heritage Foundation, December 15, 1991.
"9/11 Panel Suspected Deception by Pentagon", The Washington Post, August 2, 2006.
"Stonewalled by the C.I.A.", op-ed by Kean and Lee H. Hamilton, The New York Times, January 2, 2008.
.
The Thomas H. Kean Archive, Rutgers Program on the Governor
1935 births
Living people
Columbia University alumni
Governors of New Jersey
Politicians from New York City
Princeton University alumni
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Vorra

Vorra is a municipality in Nurnberger Land in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Nurnberger Land
Hollesley

Hollesley is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England. In 2001 there were 1356 people living in Hollesley. Hollesley is the largest village on the southern tip of the Sandlings Peninsula.
References
GENUKI
Villages in Suffolk
Civil parishes in Suffolk
Suffolk Coastal
Leah Remini

Leah Marie Remini (born June 15, 1970) is an American actress, best known for her role as Carrie Heffernan on the sitcom The King Of Queens.
References
1970 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from New York City
The Russian Question

The Russian Question () is a 1948 Soviet drama movie directed by Mikhail Romm. It stars Vsevolod Aksyonov, Yelena Kuzmina, and Mikhail Astangov.
Actors
Vsevolod Aksyonov -- Harry Smith
Yelena Kuzmina -- Jessie West
Mikhail Astangov -- McPherson
Mikhail Nazvanov -- Jack Gould
Boris Tenin -- Bob Murphy
Mariya Barabanova -- Meg
References
Other websites
Soviet drama movies
1948 drama movies
Russian drama movies
Movies set in the 1940s
Movies set in New York City
Movies set in the United States
Movies directed by Mikhail Romm
Movies about journalism
Weldon, Iowa

Weldon is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Chris Griffin

Chris Griffin is a character in the television comedy Family Guy. He is the 15-year-old older son of Lois Griffin and Peter Griffin. He has a brother, Stewie, and a sister, Meg. They are an American family. Chris is like his father, both are unfit and not as smart as others. He has an "evil monkey" in his closet that everyone thinks is fake until everyone finds out it's real in the episode Hannah Banana.
References
Family Guy characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1999
Animated human characters
Shapley 1

Shapley 1 (also known as Sp 1 or PLN 329+2.1) is a planetary nebula in the constellation of Norma. The nebula was discovered by the astronomer Harlow Shapley in 1936 and it is about 1,000 lightyears away from Earth.
References
Nebulae
Holzkirchen, Upper Bavaria

Holzkirchen is a market town in the district of Miesbach in Upper Bavaria in Germany. It has over 16.000 inhabitants. It has a lot of industry. Holzkirchen is the largest town in their district.
Climate
Holzkirchen has a normal European climate. It has winters with temperatures from 5 to -5 degrees Celcius and summers with temperatures from 12 to 26 degrees Celcius.
Smaller parts
Holzkirchen has many surrounding parts that belong to the city.
The biggest ones are Erlkam, Foching, Grosshartpennung, Kleinhartpenning and Roggersdorf.
History
The area was already settled since the Bronze Age. During the Roman Ages, two streets crossed in Holzkirchen. During World War 2, Holzkirchen was not damaged badly.
References
Other websites
Official website
Miesbach (district)
Charlotte, Maine

Charlotte is a town in Washington County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Anna Pavlova

Anna Pavlova (St Petersburg, 12 February 1881 - The Hague, Netherlands, 23 January 1931) was a Russian, and later English, ballerina of the early 20th century.
She is widely regarded as one of the finest classical ballet dancers in history. She was a principal artist of the Imperial Russian Ballet and the Ballets Russes of Serge Diaghilev.
Pavlova is most recognised for dancing the role of The Dying Swan. She danced this short ballet (only four minutes) about 4000 times. The choreography was by Mikhail Fokine. Her interpretation influenced the way others danced Odette in Tchaikovsky's Swan Lake.
In the early 20th century, with her own company, Pavlova became the first ballerina to tour ballet around the world.
Training and style
The young Pavlova's years of training were difficult, as classical ballet did not come easily to her. Her severely arched feet, thin ankles, and long limbs clashed with the small, compact body favoured for ballerinas at the time. Her fellow students taunted her with such nicknames as The broom and La petite sauvage (The little savage). Undeterred, Pavlova trained to improve her technique. She took extra lessons from the noted teachers of the day. She was never a perfect technician, but had delicacy, lightness and grace. Anna did not know that she would become a great dancer one day
Career
She became prima ballerina of the Imperial Ballet in 1906. She worked briefly for Diaghilev, but would not dance in the new avant-garde ballets which were being created, such as The Firebird. The role was given to the equally good Tamara Karsavina, who became their regular prima ballerina.
England
Pavlova lived in London for many years, from 1912 until her death in 1931. After leaving Russia, Pavlova settled in Ivy House on North End Road, near Hampstead, where she lived for the rest of her life. While in London Pavlova taught ballet at her home. She was influential in the development of British ballet, and inspired the career of Alicia Markova.
The house had an ornamental lake where she would feed her pet swans, and where there is a statue of the ballerina by the Scots sculptor George Henry Paulin. It is now the London Jewish Cultural Centre but a Blue Plaque marks it as Pavlova's previous home and a site of significant historical interest.
In 1956 a film The Immortal Swan included footage of her dancing in the 1920s.
She toured Australia and New Zealand in the 1920s. This was probably how the sticky Australian cake became known as the 'Pavlova'.
References
1881 births
1931 deaths
Russian ballerinas
Ballets Russes
Muesli

Muesli (pronounced as ) is a type of breakfast cereal made with rolled oats and other ingredients such as grains, nuts, seeds and fresh or dried fruits. Muesli is often served with milk or yoghurt, or occasionally with fruit juice. These liquids are usually added to soften the muesli and to add extra flavor.
Muesli was first developed in 1900 by Swiss physician Maximilian Bircher-Benner. He invented muesli so that patients in his hospital were able to eat a ready-made meal in a dry form, either made fresh or stored.
References
Breakfast cereals
Boris Kokorev

Boris Borisovich Kokorev (, 20 April 1959 - 22 October 2018) was a Russian competitive pistol shooter. He won a gold medal in the Men's 50 Metre event at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. He was born in Tbilisi.
Kokorev died in Moscow on 22 October 2018 at the age of 59.
References
Other websites
Boris Kokorev at Sports-Reference
1959 births
2018 deaths
Russian Olympic gold medalists
Sportspeople from Tbilisi
Sport shooters
Gossau, St. Gallen

Gossau is a municipality in St. Gallen in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website of the city of Gossau
Municipalities of St. Gallen
Cities in Switzerland
Odor

An odor or odour is a volatilized chemical compound, usually at a very low concentration, which humans and other animals perceive by the sense of olfaction.
Odors are also called smells, which can be used to describe both pleasant and unpleasant odors. The words fragrance, scent, or aroma are used mostly by the food and cosmetic industry to describe a pleasant odor, and is sometimes used to refer to perfumes. On the other hand, the words stench, reek, and stink are used specifically to describe unpleasant odors.
Basics
Odor is a sensation caused by molecules dissolved in air.
The widest range of odors are made up of organic compounds although some inorganic substances, such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, are also odorants.
The perception of an odor effect is a two step process.
First, there is the physiological part; the sense of the stimulus by receptors in the nose.
After that the psychological part follows. The stimuli are processed by the region of the human brain which is responsible for smelling.
Because of this, an objective and analytical measure of odor is impossible.
While odor feelings are very personal perceptions, individual reactions are related to gender, age, state of health and private affectations. Common odors that people are used to, such as their own body odor, are less noticeable to individuals than external or uncommon odors.
For most people, the process of smelling gives little information concerning the ingredients of a substance. It only offers information related to the emotional impact. However, experienced people, such as flavorists and perfumers can pick out individual chemicals in complex mixes through smell alone.
Odor analysis
The concentrations of odorant in Germany are defined by the "Olfaktometrie" since the 1870s. In this connection it's about the standard method to define the sense barrier of odors on basis the thinner of concentrated odor loaded assays. Following parameters are defined: odor substance concentration, intensity of odor and hedonism assessment.
Pheromones
Pheromones are odors that are deliberately used for communication. A female moth may release a pheromone that can entice a male moth that is several kilometers away. Honeybee queens constantly release pheromones that regulate the activity of the hive. Workers can release such smells to call other bees into an appropriate cavity when a swarm moves in or to "sound" an alarm when the hive is threatened.
In mammals, some pathway of pheromones identification are in the vomeronasal organ and some in olfactory receptors.
Related pages
Incense
Olfaction
Other websites
Odors categorized by main chemical constituent and organized by odor class, percept, etc.
Chemistry
Constantine II of Greece

Constantine II (, Konstantinos II; 2 June 1940 - 10 January 2023) reigned as the King of Greece, from 1964 until the end of the monarchy of Greece in 1973. George I of Greece and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh were his relatives.
Early life
Constantine was the only son of King Paul and Queen Frederica of Greece. His family was forced to leave the country during the Second World War. For this reason, he spent the first years of his childhood in Egypt and South Africa.
He returned to Greece with his family in 1946 during the Greek Civil War. King George II died in 1947. Constantine's father Paul became the new king. With this, Constantine became the crown prince.
Reign
Constantine became king in 1964 after the death of his father, King Paul. Later that year he married Princess Anne-Marie of Denmark. They had five children.
At first, the new king was seen as a good sign. There was a lot of political instability during his reign, however. This instability led to the Colonels' Coup of 21 April 1967, when the Greek junta came to power. Constantine was still the head of state. There were no military forces which were loyal to him. For this reason, he was not able to do much. He agreed to inaugurate the junta, if most of the ministers were civilians. There was a coup against the junta, but it failed.
For this reason, Constantine was forced to leave the country, on 3 December 1967. Formally, he was still the head of state in exile until the junta abolished the monarchy on 1 June 1973. The 1973 Greek republic referendum ratified the abolition.
There were fears that people had been put under pressure, to vote for a republic. For this reason, some people did not accept the result of the referendum, as valid. A new referendum was held after democracy had been restored in 1974.
This second referendum was held after the fall of the junta as the 1974 Greek republic referendum on 8 December 1974. The result was the same, though: the monarchy should be abolished, and the Third Hellenic Republic should be started. Constantine was not allowed to return to Greece to campaign. Nevertheless, he accepted the results of the referendum.
Olympic career
Constantine was also a good sailor. He competed at the 1960 Rome Olympics and won a gold medal in the Dragon class. Later he served on the International Olympic Committee.
Along with his fellow crew members of the Nireus sailing vessel, he was named one of the 1960 Greek Athletes of the Year. When he won the medal, in 1960, he was twenty years old. This was the first medal in sailing for Greece, since the 1912 Summer Olympics.
Death
When he aged, his health got worse. On 10 January 2023, he died of a stroke, in Athens.
References
Other websites
Official website of the Greek Royal Family
1940 births
2023 deaths
International Olympic Committee
Greek Olympic gold medalists
Kings of Greece
Exiled royalty
Rawalakot

Rawalakot () is part of the Poonch District of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.
Tehsils of Azad Kashmir
Aquaman

Aquaman is a fictional comic book superhero published by DC Comics. Aquaman was created by Paul Norris and Mort Weisinger and first appeared in More Fun Comics #72 in November, 1941.
During the Silver Age of Comic Books, Aquaman was a founding member of the Justice League of America.
Aquaman's biography and origin has been reinvented several times since 1941. Aquaman has several superhuman powers. He can breathe underwater and swim at very high speeds. Aquaman has super strength and is very hard to injure. Aquaman's most famous ability is to communicate and command marine animals.
Aquaman has appeared in several cartoon series, such as the Super Friends, and also in the live-action TV series Smallville, with Superman. Jason Momoa played Aquaman in the 2016 movie Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, the 2017 movie Justice League, the 2018 movie Aquaman and the 2021 movie Zack Snyder's Justice League.
DC Comics superheroes
DC Comics adapted into movies
Fictional characters introduced in 1941
Justice League
Lima Region

Lima is a region in Peru. The capital is the city of Huacho.
Regions of Peru
Shane Brennan

Shane Brennan is an Australian-American television writer and producer known as the executive producer of the American CBS drama NCIS: Los Angeles.
1957 births
Interstate 69

Interstate 69 is a partially completed Interstate Highway in the United States. The main part of it goes from Indianapolis, Indiana north to Port Huron, Michigan at the Canada border. This part of the route is long. There are also parts of Interstate 69 in Mississippi and near Evansville, Indiana that are not currently connected to the other part but some are under construction. They will be connected when Interstate 69 is fully built from Indianapolis southwest to Texas.
References
69
Israir Airlines

Israir Airlines Ltd. () is an Israeli airline. It is the second largest airline in Israel. It operates in North America, Europe and Asia. About 350 people work for Israir Airlines.
Airlines of the Middle East
Transport in Israel
Companies of Israel
Angiolo Bandinelli

Angiolo Bandinelli (21 March 1927 - 6 February 2022) was an Italian Radical Party politician. He was in the Chamber of Deputies from 1986 to 1987. He was born in Chianciano Terme, Kingdom of Italy.
Bandinelli died on 6 February 2022, at the age of 94.
References
1927 births
2022 deaths
Italian politicians
Tomonori Tsunematsu

is a former Japanese football player.
Club statistics
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References
1976 births
Living people
Footballers from Kagoshima Prefecture
Alexander Nadson

Alexander Nadson (; 8 August 1926 - 15 April 2015) was a Belarusian emigre social and religious leader. He was the Apostolic Visitor for Belarusian Greek Catholic faithfuls abroad from 1986 until his death. He became a priest in 1958 and worked in the United Kingdom for most of his life.
Nadson was born in the town of Haradzeya, Nesvizh Raion of the Minsk Oblast.
Nadson died on 15 April 2015 in London, aged 88.
References
1926 births
2015 deaths
Belarusian people
British historians
British priests
Christian ministers
Eastern Catholics
Military personnel of World War II
Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
Polish military people
Great crested newt

A great crested newt, northern crested newt, or warty newt (Triturus cristatus) is a newt in the family Salamandridae, found mainly across Europe up to about the Ural Mountains.
It is a relatively large species. Females can measure up to 16 cm and are larger than males, which are 14 to 15 cm long. It is a protected species in the UK and Europe. Land development, population growth and agriculture has disturbed the newt, and it is becoming quite rare.
The newt breeds in ponds and pools, but usually lives on land. The larvae turn into air-breathing young efts and move onto land. They eat small invertebrates, and hibernate through the winter.
References
Newts
Animals of Europe
Vereinte Dienstleistungsgewerkschaft

ver.di is a large German trade union. It is the largest trade union in the world, with 2.6 million members. "ver.di" is an abbreviation for Vereinte Dienstleistungsgewerkschaft, which means "United Services Union."
In 2001 ver.di was formed when the Deutsche Angestellten Gewerkschaft (DAG) (German Salaried Employees) merged with four unions of the Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (DGB) (DPG, HBV, OTV, IG Medien).
Other websites
ver.di homepage
Introduction in English on the ver.di homepage
Trade unions in Germany
George Smiley

George Smiley OBE is a fictional character created by John le Carre. Smiley is an intelligence officer with "The Circus". This is the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6.
He is a central character in the novels Call for the Dead, A Murder of Quality, Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy, The Honourable Schoolboy, and Smiley's People, and a supporting character in The Spy Who Came In from the Cold, The Looking Glass War, The Secret Pilgrim and A Legacy of Spies. The character has also appeared in a number of film, television, and radio adaptations of le Carre's books.
Le Carre, who created Smiley, wanted to show that Ian Fleming's James Bond series was an inaccurate picture of espionage life. Smiley is polite, shy and humble. He often allows others to mistreat him, especially his unfaithful wife. But his humility masks his inner cunning, excellent memory, mastery of tradecraft, and occasional ruthlessness. His genius being underestimated helps Smiley achieve his goals. In the end, he becomes one of the most powerful agents in Britain.
The character is held in high esteem in Britain, where he has become a pop-culture icon on par with Bond. The Guardian called him "the sort of spy [Britain] believes it ought to have: a bit shabby, academic, basically loyal, and sceptical of... his political masters".
References
Fictional British people
Characters in written fiction
Fictional characters introduced in 1961
Jan Szczepański

Jan Antoni Szczepanski (20 November 1939 - 15 January 2017) was a Polish boxer. He won the gold medal in the lightweight division (- 60 kg) at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. In the final he defeated Hungary's Laszlo Orban on points (5:0).
Szczepanski died on 15 January 2017, after long illness in Warsaw, aged 77.
References
1939 births
2017 deaths
Polish Olympic gold medalists
Polish boxers
Bushtit

The bushtit (Psaltriparus minimus) is a long-tailed tit found in North America. It is the only species in the family found in the New World, and the only member of the genus Psaltriparus.
The bushtit lives in mixed open woodlands. It also lives in parks and gardens. It lives in the western United States and highland parts of Mexico all year, ranging from Vancouver through the Great Basin and the lowlands and foothills of California to southern Mexico and Guatemala.
The bushtit is one of the smallest passerines in North America, at 11 cm in length and 5.3 g in weight. It is gray-brown overall, with a large head, a short neck, a long tail, and a short stubby bill. The male has dark eyes and the adult female, yellow.
The bushtit is active and gregarious, searching for small insects and spiders in mixed-species feeding flocks with species such as chickadees and warblers, of 10 to over 40 birds. Members of the group keep making calls to each other that can be described as a short tsit.
Birds of North America
Birds of Central America
Birds of the United States
IUCN Red List least concern species
Passeri
Names of the Supreme God in Meitei religion

In Sanamahism (Meitei religion), Atingkok, the Supreme God is known with 1000 names as mentioned in multiple Meitei scriptures. Unlike other faiths, in Meitei paganism, the Supreme God, himself, is the Creator of the Universe as well as the King of the Heaven. He is also the God of the Sky. He is the one who controls weather, rain, thunder and lightning.
References
Meitei mythology
Meitei religion
Jenner, California

Jenner is a small town in Sonoma County, California, U.S.. The town is small, with about 121 people. Just south of Jenner is Goat Rock Beach, a unit within the Sonoma Coast State Beach.
References
Settlements in Sonoma County, California
Cities in California
Niklas Sundin

Niklas Sundin, (born August 13 1974 in Sweden), is the guitarist of Dark Tranquillity and Laethora, and was guitarist for the band HammerFall.
Swedish songwriters
Swedish heavy metal guitarists
1974 births
Living people
HammerFall
Musicians from Gothenburg
David Patten

David Patten (August 19, 1974 - September 2, 2021) was an American football wide receiver. Starting in 1997, he played in the National Football League (NFL). He competed for 12 seasons through 2008. He played for the Washington Redskins, New Orleans Saints, Cleveland Browns and New England Patriots. Patten was born in Hopkins, South Carolina.
Patten was killed in a motorcycle crash on September 2, 2021 in Columbia, South Carolina at the age of 47.
References
1974 births
2021 deaths
Road accident deaths in the United States
American football wide receivers
Washington Redskins players
New Orleans Saints players
Cleveland Browns players
New England Patriots players
Sportspeople from South Carolina
2014–15 NHL season

The 2014-15 NHL season was the 98th season of operation (97th season of play) of the National Hockey League (NHL).
Thirty teams competed. There were 82 games in the regular season from October 8, 2014 to June 15, 2015. The 2015 Stanley Cup playoffs began on April 15, 2015, and ended on June 15, 2015. The Chicago Blackhawks won the Stanley Cup.
Other websites
NHL.com
National Hockey League seasons
2014 in ice hockey
2015 in ice hockey
2014 in North America
2015 in North America
German language

German (German: Deutsch) is a West Germanic language. It is spoken in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Luxembourg; natively by around 100 million people. It is the most widely spoken mother tongue in the first language. There are some people who speak German in Belgium, The Netherlands, France and Northern Italy. There are people who speak German in many countries, including the United States and Canada, where many people emigrated from Germany. It is also spoken in Eastern Europe, Bulgaria, Romania, and Russia.
German is a part of the West Germanic language family and is much like English and Dutch. Much of the vocabulary in German is related to English, but the grammar is more complicated.
German has a system of cases, and when helping verbs are used, the main part of the verb must be moved to the end of the sentence. For example, "Someone has stolen my car" is Jemand hat mein Auto gestohlen ("Someone has my car stolen"), and "Someone called me last night" is Jemand hat mich letzte Nacht angerufen ("Someone has me last night called").
In writing, every noun must start with a capital letter. German is the only language that still has that rule, but Danish and English did so a long time ago.
Standard German is an official language in Switzerland, but the Swiss dialect of German is difficult to understand for native speakers from Germany and even for Swiss who are not native to speaking German. One reason that the dialects are still so different today is that even if Switzerland adopted Standard German, mostly as a written standard, German Swiss in World War II wanted to separate themselves from the Nazis by choosing to speak dialect over the Standard German.
Swiss German also has some differences in spelling, for example, the letter ss, which is used only in German, is replaced by ss.
Dialects
Alsatian
Bavarian dialect
Franconian Dialect
Kolsch
Low Saxon
Swiss dialect
Mannheimerisch dialect
Palatinate German
Russian (Siberian) dialect
German numbers
German numbers are similar to their English counterparts. Like most languages, the German number system is based mainly on the first 10 numbers. They will pop up over and over throughout all the higher numbers.
References
Notes
Other websites
Online German Language Course An online German language course that includes lessons covering pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar.
German phrasebook at Wikivoyage
Learn to Speak German Student Resource
Free German Language Course
German Thesaurus