Château de Malmaison

The Chateau de Malmaison () is a country house (or chateau) in the city of Rueil-Malmaison about 12 km (7 mi) from Paris.
It was formerly the residence of Josephine de Beauharnais. With the Tuileries it was the headquarters of the French government from 1800 to 1802.
History
Josephine de Beauharnais bought the manor house in April 1797 for herself and her husband, General Napoleon Bonaparte. The future Napoleon I of France was at that time away fighting the Egyptian Campaign. Malmaison was a run-down estate, seven miles (12 km) west of central Paris that encompassed nearly of woods and meadows.
When he came back from Egypt, Bonaparte was angry at Josephine for buying such an expensive house. She had expected him to bring back a lot of money from the Egyptian campaign. She had paid well over 300,000 francs for the house and it needed extensive renovations. She spent a lot of money fixing it. Malmaison would bring great happiness to the Bonapartes. Josephine's daughter, Hortense would call it "a delicious spot".
Josephine worked hard to transform the large estate into "the most beautiful and curious garden in Europe. She wanted it to be a model of good cultivation". She located rare and exotic plants and animals to enhance the gardens. Josephine wrote: "I wish that Malmaison may soon become the source of riches for all [of France]"...
In 1800, Josephine built a heated orangery large enough for 300 pineapple plants. Five years later she ordered the building of a greenhouse. It was heated by a dozen coal-burning stoves. From 1803 until her death in 1814 she cultivated nearly 200 new plants in France for the first time.
The property became famous for its rose garden. Empress Josephine had the Belgian artist Pierre-Joseph Redoute (1759-1840) record her roses (and lilies). Prints of these works sell quite well, even today. She created an extensive collection of rose. She gathered plants from her native Martinique and from other places around the world. She grew some 250 varieties of roses. From the foreword to Jardin de la Malmaison (1803):
You have gathered around you the rarest plants growing on French soil....as we inspect them in the beautiful gardens of Malmaison, an impressive reminder of the conquests of your illustrious husband...
Birds and animals of all sorts began to fill her garden. They were allowed to roam free among the grounds. At the height of her days at Malmaison, Josephine had the company of kangaroos, emus, black swans, zebras, sheep, gazelles, ostriches, chamois, a seal, antelopes and llamas to name a few. Some were from the Baudin expedition.
After her divorce from Napoleon, Josephine received Malmaison in her own right, along with a pension of 5 million francs a year, and remained there until her death in 1814. After his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 Napoleon returned to the house before his exile to the island of Saint Helena.
In 1842 Malmaison was purchased by Maria Christina, widow of King Ferdinand VII of Spain; she lived there with her second husband Agustin Fernando Munoz, 1st Duke of Riansares. In 1861 Maria Christina sold the property to Napoleon III.
Malmaison has been restored by the French famous architect Pierre Humbert in the early 20th century.
Present times
The public can visit the manor house as a Napoleonic musee national. The museum lies on RN 13 (route nationale 13) from Paris and bus 258 from RER A "Grande Arche" station.
Gallery
Exterior
Interior
Other websites
Official site
"Josephine's garden", Orient Express Magazine, Vol. 19, No. 1, by HRH Princess Michael of Kent .
Museums in France
Hauts-de-Seine