pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Sheriff

A sheriff is generally a legal official with responsibility for a county or parish. The duties of a sheriff vary from country to country. The term comes from Anglo-Norman English. The kings officer in each shire was called a "shire-reeve". His function was to enforce the king's law in the shire or county.
History
The term shire reeve appears in documents in England in the early 11th century. When William the Conqueror conquered England in 1066, he kept most of the Anglo-Saxon sheriffs. When William abolished the great Anglo-Saxon Earldoms, the sheriff became the immediate representative of the king in the county. His appointment was typically for one year. He held court where he punished minor offenders. Later, his powers were reduced to arresting and imprisoning criminals.
Colonial America
When the American colonies began to grow, Britain established political control. As each colony established counties, a sheriff was appointed to keep law and order. He was also an officer of the British court. The sheriff had different titles in different colonies. In Rhode Island he was called a general sergeant. In Connecticut and Massachusetts the title was Marshal. In Plymouth Colony he was called a messenger. In the later colonial period, sheriffs were appointed by the colonial governor. They collected taxes, testified in court and served subpoenas. Because they were paid per task, and tax collecting paid the most, enforcing the law became a lower priority.
After the American Revolutionary War sheriffs were elected by the people.
17th and 18th century America
In the American west, the Spanish were colonizing what would become Texas, California. The equivalent of the sheriff was called an Alguacil (sheriff/constable). As Americans moved west, they often started new communities. A sheriff was usually the only available law enforcement. Sheriffs had the power of posse comitatus. That means a sheriff had the power to deputize anyone to help him keep the peace or go after and arrest criminals. A group of temporary deputies under the authority of a sheriff is called a posse. As America grew the posse was used less and less. Sheriffs are still the main law enforcement in rural areas.
Modern sheriffs
United States
In many states the sheriff remains the highest ranking county law enforcement officer. Each state decides what powers the sheriff will have. In some states the sheriff is a court officer and law enforcement is left to the police. In other states they are charged with enforcing laws, investigate crimes, transport prisoners and operate jails. A sheriff can appoint deputies. A small sheriff's department might be run by a sheriff alone. A large sheriff's department could have hundreds of deputies and civilian employees. The main difference between a sheriff's office and a police department is that the sheriff usually operates correctional facilities and county civil functions.
Australia
Sheriffs were appointed, as early as 1829 in Western Australia, as a court official. Duties included collecting taxes and fines.
Related pages
Police officer
Notes
References
Law enforcement occupations
List of Sweden Twenty20 International cricketers

This is a list of Swedish Twenty20 International cricketers who have played for the Sweden cricket team.
Key
List of players
Statistics are correct as of 19 July 2022.
References
Lists of Twenty20 International cricketers
Swedish cricketers
Sport in Sweden
Europe sport-related lists
Rachel Platten

Rachel Ashley Platten (born May 20, 1981) is an American singer-songwriter. She is best known for her 2015 single "Fight Song". The song was successful worldwide, including in the United States, Australia and Canada.
Platten was born on Manhattan, New York City. She grew up in Newton, Massachusetts.
References
1981 births
Living people
American pop singers
Musicians from Manhattan
Singers from Massachusetts
Singer-songwriters from New York City
People from Newton, Massachusetts
Harry Von der Horst

Harry Von der Horst (1850 or 1851, Baltimore, Maryland - 1905) was an American businessman. He was an executive in Major League Baseball and a former owner of the Baltimore Orioles and Brooklyn Superbas. He was one of the principal founders and owners of the old 19th century Baltimore Orioles. He eventually sold the team, but remained as the club secretary until his death in 1905.
References
Other websites
Obituary
Ned Hanlon biography mentioning Von der Horst
Dodgers historical essay
1850s births
1905 deaths
Sportspeople from Baltimore
Baseball executives
Robert Wise

Robert Wise (September 10, 1914 - September 14, 2005) was an American movie director, editor and producer. He received Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture on both West Side Story (1961) and The Sound of Music (1965). He is also known for directing The Day the Earth Stood Still.
Wise was born in Winchester, Indiana. He died in Los Angeles from heart failure four days after his 91st birthday.
References
Academy Award winning directors
American movie producers
American movie directors
People from Indiana
1914 births
2005 deaths
Meg Mundy

Margaret "Meg" Mundy (4 January 1915 - 12 January 2016) was an English-American actress. She was born in London, but moved to the United States at the age of six in 1921. She played "Mona Aldrich Croft", on The Doctors from 1971 until 1982, when the show was cancelled. She was nominated for two Daytime Emmy Awards for her role as Croft.
Mundy's mother was an Australian opera singer. Mundy was married to Mark Daniels from 1943 until they divorced in 1951. Then she was married to Konstantinos "Dino" Yannopoulos until his death in 1985. They had one child. Mundy now lives in Manhattan, New York.
References
Other websites
1915 births
2016 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
English movie actors
English television actors
English stage actors
Actors from London
Actors from New York City
Salyersville, Kentucky

Salyersville is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Cities in Kentucky
County seats in Kentucky
Hips Don't Lie

Hips Don't Lie is a 2006 Latin pop hit song by Colombian singer Shakira and Wyclef Jean. It came out in her album Oral Fixation Vol. 2. The song has Latin style drums and Wyclef's rap. The song became Number 1 in many countries. It samples the song "Amores Como El Nuestro" by Jerry Rivera.
Charts
References
2006 songs
Shakira songs
Billboard Hot 100 number one songs
George Throssell

George Lionel Throssell (23 May 1840 - 30 August 1910) was the 2nd Premier of Western Australia from 15 February 1901 to 27 May 1901.
References
1840 births
1910 deaths
Throssell, George
People from County Cork
Yi Sang-jae

Yi Sang-jae (, 26 October 1850 - 29 March 1927; also written as Lee Sang-jae) was a religious leader and independence fighter at the end of the Korean Empire.
He was born in Jongji-ri, Chungcheongnam-do. His courtesy name is Gye-ho. He was the president of the Independence Association and published the first Korean private newspaper, Independence Newspaper. When Korea was a colony of Japan, he was active in the movement to establish the Korean Private University. Also, he was the first president of Singanhoe, one of the biggest independence groups in Korea.
References
Other websites
Yi Sang-jae on Open Library
Profile on the Encyclopaedia of Korean Culture
1850 births
1927 deaths
History of Korea
Religious leaders
Korean people
Erwin de Vries

Erwin de Vries (December 21, 1929 - January 31, 2018) was a Surinamese painter and sculptor. He was born in Paramaribo. His work had been displayed at the Stedelijk Museum and the Nationaal Monument Slavernijverleden in Amsterdam. De Vries also exhibited a great deal in Jamaica.
De Vries died in Paramaribo of respiratory failure on January 31, 2018 at the age of 88.
References
Other websites
1929 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
Surinamese people
Painters from South America
Sculptors
Chaos theory

Chaos theory is a part of mathematics. It looks at certain systems that are very sensitive. A very small change may make the system behave completely differently.
Very small changes in the starting position of a chaotic system make a big difference after a while. This is why even large computers cannot tell the weather for more than a few days in the future. Even if the weather was perfectly measured, a small change or error will make the prediction completely wrong. Since even a butterfly can make enough wind to change weather, a chaotic system is sometimes called the "butterfly effect". No computer knows enough to tell how the small wind will change the weather.
Some systems (like weather) might appear random at first look, but chaos theory says that these kinds of systems or patterns may not be. If people pay close enough attention to what is really going on, they might notice the chaotic patterns.
The main idea of chaos theory is that a minor difference at the start of a process can make a major change in it as time progresses. Quantum chaos theory is a new idea in the study of chaos theory. It deals with quantum physics.
Examples
As an example, take a pendulum that is attached at some point, and swings freely. Connecting a second pendulum to the first will make the system completely different. It is very hard to start in exactly the same position again - a change in starting position so small that it cannot even be seen can quickly cause the pendulum swing to become different from what it was before.
A very important part to the study of chaos theory is the study of mathematics functions that are known as fractals. Fractal functions work like chaotic systems: a small change in the starting values can change the value of the function in ways that look random. Due to the fact that they are mathematical, they are easy to study.
Related pages
Discontinuous function
Lorenz attractor
Systems theory
Fields of mathematics
Basic physics ideas
Systems theory
Denzo Ishizaki

was a Japanese educator, serving as principle of a lower secondary school in his hometown Ibaraki, and supercentenarian verified as the oldest Japanese man ever (although Shigechiyo Izumi was still believed to have been 120 years and 237 days old at the time) until either late September 2001 when Yukichi Chuganji broke his record by less than two years, or late October 2011 when his record was broken by Jiroemon Kimura, depending on whether his birth year was 1886 or 1884.
Age records
Although his birth date is officially verified as October 20, 1886, Ishizaki himself claimed to be born two years earlier, and thereby ten days older than Gengan Tonaki who would have been the second-oldest living Japanese man at the time of his death on January 24, 1997, and asserted that his birth record was "delayed by two years", which would have made Ishizaki the oldest living man in Japan after Gihei Oka's death on September 28, 1991 as well as the oldest living Japanese man overall on February 16, 1992 when Russo-Japanese War veteran Mamoru Eto, who was four days younger than Gihei Oka and had emigrated to the United States, died at age 109 years, 13 days and only the second Japanese man who became a supercentenarian, after Eiju Tsuru who died on January 11, 1990.
After Gengan Tonaki's death on January 24, 1997, Ishizaki might have become the last living man born in 1884 and also the oldest living man in the world after 115-years-old Danish-born American man Christian Mortensen's death on April 25, 1998, although the American man Johnson Parks, who died on July 17 the same year, has been suggested to have been five days older than Ishizaki and another American man, Walter Richardson who died at age 113 later on December 25, is officially verified to have been less than a year older rather than over a year younger than Ishizaki.
Ishizaki was officially verified as the oldest living Japanese person, and the first man who became Japan's oldest person after Masutaro Sato who died on October 6, 1978, after Tase Matsunaga's death on November 18, 1998.
Death
Ishizaki died of multiple organ failure on April 29, 1999 at age 114 years, 191 days or 112 years, 191 days and might at the time of his death have been, along with Tase Matsunaga, the third-oldest Japanese persons ever behind Tane Ikai and Hide Ohira and the youngest of only two men who became at least 114 years old, behind Christian Mortensen.
Ishizaki was succeeded as the world's oldest living man by Spaniard Antonio Urrea, as Japan's oldest living man by Sadayoshi Tanabe and as Japan's oldest living person by Kayo Fujii, although Kamato Hongo was still believed to have been older.
References
1886 births
1884 births
1999 deaths
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Japanese supercentenarians
Japanese educators
World record holders
People from Ibaraki Prefecture
Alvik

Alvik is a locality in Lulea Municipality in Norrbotten County in Sweden. In 2010, 777 people lived there.
References
Settlements in Norrbotten County
November 2016 UK Independence Party leadership election

The November 2016 UK Independence Party leadership election was held on 28 November 2016. UKIP members voted for who they want to lead the party. Paul Nuttall easily won the election after receiving 63% of the vote.
The election was called for after Diane James resigned as UKIP leader.
Candidates
Suzanne Evans, journalist and politician.
Paul Nuttall, former deputy leader of UKIP, and leader of UKIP in the European Parliament.
John Rees-Evans, politician and veteran.
Withdrawn
These candidates left the race before the election.
Andrew Beadle (endorsed Paul Nuttall).
Bill Etheridge, MEP (endorsed Paul Nuttall).
Raheem Kassam, editor-in-chief of Breitbart News London (endorsed Peter Whittle).
David Kurten, Member of the London Assembly.
Steven Woolfe, MEP.
Peter Whittle, Member of the London Assembly (endorsed Paul Nuttall).
Results
References
2016 elections in the United Kingdom
November 2016 events
Carrsville, Kentucky

Carrsville is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Cities in Kentucky
List of Leonese-language writers

This is a list of writers who have worked in the Leonese language (Llingua Llionesa in Leonese), a language developed from Vulgar Latin with contributions from the pre-Roman languages which were spoken in the territory of the Spanish provinces of Leon, Zamora, and Salamanca and in some villages in the District of Braganca, Portugal. The Leonese language belongs to Leonese or Astur-Leonese subgroup of Iberian languages.
Abel Pardo (1974-)
Adrianu Martin (1986-)
Alejandro Diez (1985-)
Amando Alvarez Cabeza
Caitano Bardon (1881-1924)
Daniel Fernandez (writer) (1974-)
Emilce Nunez
Eva Gonzalez (1918-2007)
Felix Llopez (1988-)
German Suarez Blanco
Gumersindo Alvarez Cabeza
Jose Aragon Escacena (1891-1945)
Roberto Gonzalez-Quevedo (1953-)
Severiano Alvarez (1933-)
Xuasus Gonzalez (1981-)
Related pages
Leonese language
Cuentos del Sil
Other websites
http://www.eltoralin.com/cuentosdelsil Cuentos del Sil website (in Leonese language)
http://www.eltoralin.com Leonese Language Association from El Bierzo (in Leonese language)
http://www.elfueyu.net Leonese Language Association "El Fueyu" (in Leonese language and English)
http://www.puntuLLI.org Top Level Domain for Leonese Language (Leonese language, English, Italian, Catalan, French Romanian, and other languages)
Writers
Police, Poland

Police is a town in Poland in West Pomeranian Voivodeship. As of 2007, 34,220 people live there. The town is located on the river Oder, near the border with Germany. It is one of the largest sea ports in Poland. Police borders with Szczecin. In the Police area, there is another town called Nowe Warpno.
Cities in Poland
1975–76 NBA season

The 1975-76 NBA season was the 30th season of the National Basketball Association. The season ended with the Boston Celtics winning the NBA Championship. The Celtics beat the Phoenix Suns 4 games to 2 in the NBA Finals. This is also the year Foster Shore joined the Warrior Glazers Group making him the league's 3rd commissioner.
National Basketball Association seasons
Bertrand Stern

Bertrand Stern is a German author and philosopher. He lives in Siegburg, North Rhine-Westphalia.
He wants the legalization of alternative forms of education other than attending a school (homeschooling and unschooling for example) for Germany because he thinks that schools are not suitable for everyone and that it is not okay to force people to go to places where they do not want to be.
Life
Stern was born in Montbeliard, France on November 11, 1948. His father is Arno Stern, and his mother is Claire Stern. He grew up in many countries in Europe. This is the reason why he can speak German, French, English, and Spanish. He has two siblings and a son.
He was a lecturer at the University of Kassel from 2011 to 2012.
He initiated the film CaRabA #LebenohneSchule. It was released on May 9, 2019 in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The film shows unschooled people. The producent of the film is Joshua Conens.
Literature
Bildungsfreiheit statt Bildungspflicht. In: Jahrbuch Kinder-Recht und Jugendpolitik. Wiss. Verlag Wilde, Furth 1992, .
Schule? Nein danke! Fur ein Recht auf freie Bildung! In: Kristian Kunert (Hrsg.): Schule im Kreuzfeuer. Auftrag - Aufgaben - Probleme. Ringvorlesung zu Grundfragen der Schulpadagogik an der Universitat Tubingen. Schneider Verlag Hohengehren, Baltmannsweiler 1993, .
(als Hrsg.): Kinderrechte zwischen Resignation und Vision. 2., erw. und uberarb. Auflage. Verlag Klemm & Oelschlager, Ulm 1995, .
Weile statt Eile! Unterwegs zu einer Kultur der Musse? Klemm+Oelschlager, Ulm 1996, .
Schluss mit Schule! das Menschenrecht, sich frei zu bilden. tologo, Leipzig 2006, .
Sehr verehrte Frau Bundesministerin fur das deutsche Schulwesen...: Nachdenkliches uber die Bildungsrepublik. tologo, Leipzig 2008, .
Schule - Ein tragischer Unfall? In: Ulrich Klemm (Hrsg.): Bildung ohne Zwang. Texte zur Geschichte der anarchistischen Padagogik. Edition AV, Lich 2010, .
(mit Ulrich Klemm): Vom Gluck des Nichtstuns: Musse statt Padagogik. tologo, Leipzig 2011, .
(mit Franziska Klinkigt): Versuche zur Verteidigung der Freiheit. Diskussionen zur "Bildungsrepublik". Klemm + Oelschlager, Ulm/Munster 2013, .
Frei sich bilden - Entschulende Perspektiven. tologo, Leipzig 2015, .
Saat der Freiheit. Impulse fur aufbluhende Bildungslandschaften. Klein Jasedow 2016, .
Zum Ausbruch aus der Beschulungsideologie: Gute Grunde, auch juristisch den Schulverweigerern unser prospektives Vertrauen zu schenken. In: Matthias Kern (Hrsg.): Selbstbestimmte und selbstorganisierte Bildung versus Schulpflicht. tologo, Leipzig 2016, .
Gabriel - Vom Entdecken eines glucklich befreiten Lebens. Klemm & Oelschlager, Ulm, 2018, .
References
Other websites
Official website (German)
Bertrand Stern on YouTube
1948 births
German philosophers
Writers from North Rhine-Westphalia
Living people
Frank Varrichione

Frank Joseph Varrichione (pronounced "Vair-akee-oh'-nee," January 14, 1932 - January 6, 2018) was an American athlete. He was born in Natick, Massachusetts. He played eleven seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Pittsburgh Steelers from 1955 through 1960 and with the Los Angeles Rams from 1961 to 1965.
Varrichione died on January 6, 2018 in Framingham, Massachusetts of skin cancer at the age of 85.
References
1932 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from skin cancer
Cancer deaths in Massachusetts
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Los Angeles Rams players
Sportspeople from Massachusetts
111 West 57th Street

111 West 57th Street, also known as the Steinway Tower, is a building developed by JDS Development Group and Property Markets Group in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. It is a 84 story building 1,428 feet (438 meter) tall. It is located on 57th Street near Sixth Avenue.
This tower will be one of the tallest buildings in the United States after it is finished. It will be the thinnest building in the world with a width-to-height ratio of about 1:24. The north side of the building rises straight to the top. The south side of the building contains some step-backs near the top.
Construction began in early 2014. The building's roof was done in April 2019. It will open by 2021.
References
Skyscrapers in New York City
Buildings and structures in Manhattan
Intel

Intel Corporation (Integrated Electronics Corporation) is a microprocessor company that was set up in the 1960s. Different types of processors made by Intel are used in many computers. Their most famous older products are the 4004, i386, i486, and Pentium chips. Intel makes many different products, with their first dedicated consumer GPU scheduled to be released in late 2021. The first Pentium chips were released on March 22, 1993.
Intel Corporation is traded on the NASDAQ under the ticker INTC and has been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since 1999.
Processors
The 4-bit processors
Intel 4004
Intel 4040
The 8-bit processors
Intel 8080
Intel 8085
The 16-bit processors
Intel 8086
Intel 8088
Intel 80286
The 16-bit processors: the 80386 range
Intel 80386
From 1993 to today
Pentium
Atom
Celeron
Intel Core
Intel Core 2
Intel Core i3
Intel Core i5
Intel Core i7
Intel Core i9
Graphics cards
Intel Arc A310
Intel Arc A380
Intel Arc A580
Intel Arc A750
Intel Arc A770
References
Other websites
Official homepage of Intel
American technology companies
1968 establishments in the United States
1960s establishments in California
Theloderma horridum

The Thai bug-eyed frog, black-brown warted frog, Malayan warted tree frog, horrible bug-eyed frog, or spiny wart frog (Theloderma horridus) is a frog. It lives in Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, and Borneo. Scientists say it might also live in Sumatra.
References
Frogs of Asia
Sonic Mania

Sonic Mania is the sixth 'retro' video game in the Sonic the Hedgehog series. It was released in 2017 for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Nintendo Switch. It was released as part of the 25th anniversary of Sonic the Hedgehog (1991, Sega Genesis). It has the retro style graphics, but it is more vibrant and is wide screen.
Notes
Other websites
Sonic Mania at MobyGames
Sonic the Hedgehog games
Islamic Community of India

The Islamic Community of India is the religious authority of Muslims in India. It is also recognised as the highest representative body of Muslims in the country. The community's headquarters are located in Daryaganj, New Delhi. Grand Mufti of India is the President of this Authority. Sheikh Abubakr Ahmad is currently serving as President since 2019. The authority was registered in 1954 and working nine national agencies under the authority.
Grand Muftis
Reigions
Twelve regions established under authority.
Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
Bihar
Maharashtra
Assam
Kerala
Andhra Pradesh
Karnataka
Rajasthan
Telangana
Gujarat
Tamil Nadu
Related pages
Islam in India
References
Islam in India
Caorle

Caorle is a small city on the coast of the Veneto region in northeast Italy. There are several churches that are popular to visit.
Cities in Veneto
Dällikon

Dallikon is a municipality in the district of Dielsdorf in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.
History
In 1843 the village of Danikon left Dallikon become an independent municipality.
References
Other websites
Official Website
Municipalities of Zurich
Eberbach (Baden)

Eberbach (; South Franconian: Ewwerbach) is a town in Germany, in northern Baden-Wurttemberg. It is located 33 km east of Heidelberg.
References
Joan Blondell

Joan Rosebud Blondell (August 30, 1906 - December 25, 1979) was an American actress. She performed in movies and television for nearly fifty years. She played Rosie Sturges in Kansas City Princess. She also played Gloria Fay in the movie Miss Pacific Fleet.
Blondell was born in New York City on August 30, 1906. Her sister Gloria Blondell was also an actress. She died on December 25, 1979 in Santa Monica, California from leukemia.
References
Actors from New York City
American movie actors
American television actors
1906 births
1979 deaths
Flag of Cambodia

The national flag of Cambodia (Khmer: Tung-Cheat, "National flag") was created in 1993.
Appearance
It has three horizontal bands of blue, red (double width) and blue, with a depiction of Angkor Wat in white centered on the red band.
Cambodia
Cambodia
Sausage

Sausage is a food made of ground-up or chopped-up meat. It often has spices in it and is covered in a casing. Traditionally, a sausage casing is made of animal intestine, but can sometimes be made of plastic. There are many forms of sausages, including hot dog, pepperoni, bologna, and salami.
Sausages often have meat from the animal's head, lips, cheeks, ears and other parts. Some have blood in them. German and British sausages normally have a lot of "rusk," or bread crumbs, and they are less meaty than sausages from other countries. Vegetarian or vegan sausages are often made of products other than animal products, such as tofu.
Sausages may be used as a meal, in a sandwich, or in other foods like stews. Sausages can be eaten as whole pieces, or they can be chopped up as already cooked pieces.
Germany has regions that have special kinds of sausage. Sausages are some of the oldest German foods.
Name origin
The word "sausage" was first used in English in the mid-15th century. During the mid-15th century, the word "sausage" was spelled as "sawsyge". The word "sawsyge" came from Old North French saussiche (Modern French saucisse)". The French word came from Vulgar Latin salsica (sausage), from salsicus (seasoned with salt).
Types of sausage
Andouille
Blood sausage, a type of sausage made of animal blood
Bratwurst (a German/Austrian variety)
Breakfast sausage
Chorizo
Fish
Knockwurst
Landjager
Mortadella
Salami
References
Other websites
Radium

Radium is a chemical element with the atomic number 88 and symbol Ra on the periodic table. It was discovered by Marie Curie and Pierre Curie in the form of radium chloride in 1898. It is an almost pure-white alkaline earth metal, but when it is exposed to nitrogen, it turns black quickly. All isotopes of radium are radioactive, and it glows faint blue because of this.
It's used in several things, like luminous watches, which are now banned because they can cause radiation poisoning. This was caused because of a lawsuit that involved 5 women ( radium Girls ) that suffered from many disabilities because of the prolonged exposure they had to the element radium.
It can also be used in treating cancer.
References
Alkaline earth metals
Aurora, Missouri

Aurora is a city in Lawrence County, Missouri, United States. The population was 7,508 at the 2010 census.
References
Cities in Missouri
Ralph Hall

Ralph Moody Hall (May 3, 1923 - March 7, 2019) was an American politician. He was a United States representative from Texas from 1981 through 2015.
He was the dean of the Texas congressional delegation. He was also the former chairman of the House Committee on Science, Space and Technology from 2011 to 2013.
He is also a member of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Originally a member of the Democratic Party for more than fifty years, in 2004 he switched to the Republican Party.
He was the last of two World War II veterans serving in Congress, the other being Michigan Congressman John Dingell.
Hall was born on May 3, 1923 in Fate, Texas. He studied at Southern Methodist University. Hall married Mary Ellen in 1944. They had three children. Ellen died in 2008. Hall died at his ranch in Rockwall, Texas, a suburb of Dallas on March 7, 2019 from cardiac arrest, aged 95.
References
Other websites
Ralph Hall for Congress
Profile at SourceWatch
1923 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
American military personnel of World War II
United States representatives from Texas
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Military people from Texas
Romani people in Hungary

Romani people in Hungary (also known as Hungarian Roma or Romani Hungarians or Hungarian Gypsy; or magyar ciganyok) are Hungarian citizens who are of Romani descent. According to the 2011 census, they make up 3.18% of the total population in Hungary, which makes them the largest minority in the country, various estimations have put the number of Romani people as high as 12% of the total population.
References
Come September

Come September is a 1961 American romantic comedy movie directed by Robert Mulligan and starring Rock Hudson, Gina Lollobrigida, Sandra Dee, Bobby Darin, Walter Slezak, Joel Gray. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.
Other websites
1961 romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
Movies directed by Robert Mulligan
Universal Pictures movies
Movies set in Italy
Lophotrochozoa

The Lophotrochozoa ("crest-bearing animals") are a group of animals above the level of phylum. It is not part of the usual system of classification. They were recently discovered through molecular phylogeny. They include two of the most successful animal phyla, the Mollusca and Annelida.
Groups
The Lophotrochozoa comprise two groups, the trochozoans and the Lophophorata. The exact relationships between the different phyla are not entirely certain. However, it seems that neither the lophophorates nor the trochozoa are monophyletic groups by themselves, but are mixed together.
Trochozoans produce trochophore larvae, which have two bands of cilia around their middle. The Trochozoa include the Nemertea, Mollusca, Sipuncula, Echiura and Annelida.
The Lophophorata are united by the presence of a lophophore, a fan of ciliated tentacles surrounding the mouth. Some authors considered them deuterostomes, before RNA trees placed them together with the trochozoans. The Lophophorata include the Bryozoa, Phoronida, and Brachiopoda.
Other phyla are included on the basis of molecular data.
References
Groups of phyla
Masked tree frog

For another species commonly known as the masked tree frog, see Smilisca manisorum.
The masked tree frog, New Granada cross-banded tree frog, Tarraco treefrog, or Central American smilisca (Smilisca phaeota) is a frog that lives in Honduras, Nicaragua, Ecuador, Costa Rica and Colombia. Scientists have seen it as high in the hills as 3300 meters above sea level.
This frog is called the masked tree frog because it has dark skin around its eyes so it looks like it is wearing a black mask. The black mask covers their eyes, which helps them hide from predators.
This frog hides during the day and looks for food at night. The frog sleeps on top of large leaves, in ferns, or inside rolled-up leaves. Scientists think this frog eats insects and other animals without spines. This frog can change color. It can be tan during the day and turn green at night.
The male frog sits next to a small pool of rainwater and sings "wrauk" for the females. The females lay 2000 eggs at a time, which float on the surface of the water. The tadpoles grow into frogs quickly before the rainwater dries up.
References
Frogs of South America
Hollstadt

Hollstadt is a municipality in Rhon-Grabfeld in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Rhon-Grabfeld
Simon Andrews (motorcycle racer)

Simon Andrews (14 August 1982 - 19 May 2014) was an English motorcycle racer. He competed in the British Superbike Championship for RAF Reserves aboard a Honda CBR1000RR. He was born in Worcester, Worcestershire.
Andrews was died from head injuries he got in a racing incident on 19 May 2014 in Portrush, Northern Ireland. He was 31 and was competing in the North West 200.
References
Other websites
1984 births
2014 deaths
Deaths in sport
Road accident deaths in the United Kingdom
Sportspeople from Worcestershire
Worcester
Mehdi Abtahi

Seyed Mehdi Abtahi (Persian: sydmhdy bTHy; born 1963 in Tehran) is a retired Iranian football player.
Career
Abtahi made 38 appearances for the Iran national football team from 1985 to 1993.
Honors
Iran
AFC Asian Cup
1988, Third Place
1992, Group Stage
Asian Games
1986 Asian Games Quarter Final
1990 Asian Games Champions
Esteghlal FC
Asian Club Championship
1990-91 Champions
1992 Runner-up
Bahman FC
Azadegan League
1995-96 Runner-up
References
Other websites
1963 births
Living people
Iranian footballers
Iran international footballers
Persepolis F.C. players
Esteghlal F.C. players
1992 AFC Asian Cup players
Asian Games medalists in football
Footballers at the 1990 Asian Games
Asian Games gold medalists for Iran
Association football midfielders
Operation Meetinghouse

Operation Meetinghouse was a bombing attack by the United States against Japan on the night between the 9th and 10th of March 1945. American bombers dropped firebombs without a specific target on the Japanese city of Tokyo. These firebombs created a huge firestorm which killed over 100,000 people and destroyed the homes of about 1 million more people. It is notable for being the most deadly attack from the air in world history. The attack was a change in strategy for the United States, which had previously only attacked from the air during the day, focusing on specific buildings.
References
1945 in Japan
20th century in Tokyo
World War II
Pine Apple, Alabama

Pine Apple is a town in Wilcox County, Alabama, United States. It was incorporated in 1872. At the 2010 census the population was 132, down from 145 in 2000.
References
Towns in Alabama
Eyguians

Eyguians was a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. On 1 January 2016, it became part of a new commune of Garde-Colombe.
References
Former communes in Hautes-Alpes
Jennifer Carroll Foy

Jennifer Denise Carroll Foy (born September 25, 1981) is an American lawyer and politician. She served as the Virginia state delegate for the 2nd house district. She resigned to run for governor of Virginia in the 2021 election She lost in the Democratic primary behind Terry McAuliffe.
Early life and education
Jennifer Carroll Foy was born in Petersburg, Virginia. She graduated from Petersburg High School.
Career
After graduating from the Thomas Jefferson School of Law, Carroll Foy spent time teaching in Los Angeles. She moved to Virginia and opened a private law practice for criminal defense.
In February 2017, Carroll Foy began running for the 2nd district seat in the 2017 election. In November 2017, Carroll Foy became delegate of Virginia's Second district.
2021 Virginia gubernatorial campaign
In 2020, Carroll Foy became a candidate for the Democratic Party in the 2021 Virginia gubernatorial election. She resigned from her state delegate seat on December 12, 2021. She lost when previous Governor Terry McAuliffe was chosen in the Democratic primary.
References
1981 births
Living people
Lawyers from Virginia
African American politicians
Politicians from Petersburg, Virginia
Quartermaster

Quartermaster officers are responsible for making sure equipment, materials and systems are available and functioning for missions. More specifically, the quartermaster officer provides supply support for soldiers and units in field services, aerial delivery, and material and distribution management.
Military ranks
1707 Hōei earthquake

The 1707 Hoei earthquake happened at 14:00 local time on 28 October 1707. It was one of the largest earthquakes in Japanese history.
Background
The southern coast of Honshu runs in the same direction as the Nankai Trough. This marks the place where the Philippine Sea Plate moves under the Eurasian Plate. Movement on this boundary causes many earthquakes; some of them are megathrust earthquakes. The Nankai megathrust has five parts (A-E) that can break one by one. The different parts have broken either one at a time or all together many times over the last 1,300 years. This kind of quake often happens in pairs with a relatively short time between them. In addition to the two earthquakes in 1854, there were similar earthquakes in 1944 and 1946. Each time, the north-eastern part broke before the southwestern part. In 1707, the earthquakes were either at the same time, or close enough together so that writing from that time do not describe them separately.
Damage
29,000 houses were destroyed and more than 5,000 people were killed. The earthquake caused at least one major landslide in Shizuoka. This landslide was one of the three largest in Japan and is called the Ohya Landslide. It covered an area of 1.8 km2 with an estimated volume of 120 million m3. In the Nara Basin, the earthquake made the soil behave like a liquid.
Characteristics
Earthquake
There were two other very large earthquakes: the 1854 Ansei-Tokai and Ansei-Nankai earthquakes. The 1707 was stronger than both. Several observations show that the Hoei earthquake was bigger. At Cape Muroto, Kochi, a cliff was raised up about 2.3 m in 1707, but just 1.5 m in 1854. In the Kawachi Plain area, the earthquake was around 6 - 7 on the JMA scale. Also, the amount of damage and height of the water from tsunami showed the strength of the earthquake. There are also records of tsunami at distant locations, such as Nagasaki and Jeju-do, South Korea.
Tsunami
The tsunami that followed the earthquake raised water along the coast. Along the southwestern coast of Kochi, the average increase in sea level was 7.7 m. In some places it rose up to 10.2 m
Connection to Mount Fuji eruption
Changes in stress caused by large earthquakes may be enough to cause volcanic eruptions, when the magma system of the volcano is close to a critical state. The great earthquake in 1707 may have changed pressure in the magma under Mount Fuji and might have caused the last eruption of Mount Fuji 49 days later.
Related pages
Hoei eruption of Mount Fuji
References
Tsunamis
1707
Earthquakes in Japan
18th century in Japan
1700s in Asia
Alfornelos (Lisbon Metro)

Alfornelos station is part of the Blue Line of the Lisbon Metro, it is located in the Alfornelos neighbourhood of Amadora.
Lisbon Metro stations
Pyrenees

The Pyrenees (; ; ; ; ; ) are a range of mountains in southwest Europe that form a natural border between France and Spain. They separate the Iberian Peninsula from France, and extend for about 430 km (267 mi) from the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) to the Mediterranean Sea (Cap de Creus).
Other websites
Great Routes: Pirineos , from a website of the Instituto de Turismo de Espana
Official website of France's Pyrenees National Park
Cycling the French High Pyrenees and Ariege Pyrenees photos and video by steephill.tv bike travelogue
The Aude and Pyrenees-Orientales Online resource for the Aude & Pyrenees-Orientales departments of the Languedoc-Roussillon.
Mountain ranges of Europe
Mountains of France
Geography of Andorra
Geography of Spain
Aragon
Basque Country
Catalonia
Navarre
Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Occitanie
Hichem Mechichi

Hichem Mechichi (; born January 1974) is a Tunisian politician. On 2 September 2020, he became the Prime Minister of Tunisia. He was the Minister of the Interior from February to September 2020.
References
Living people
1974 births
Prime Ministers of Tunisia
Jim Thome

James Howard Thome (born on August 27, 1970) is a former professional baseball player. Thome played 22 seasons from 1991 to 2012. In the past, he played for the Cleveland Indians, the Philadelphia Phillies, Chicago White Sox, and the LA Dodgers.
Other websites
1970 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Illinois
American baseball players
Minnesota Twins players
Chicago White Sox players
Philadelphia Phillies players
Cleveland Indians players
Los Angeles Dodgers players
National League All-Stars
Herman (Swaiko)

Metropolitan Herman (born Joseph Swaiko, February 1, 1932 - September 6, 2022) was the primate of the Orthodox Church in America (OCA). He was the Archbishop of Washington and New York, and Metropolitan of All America and Canada.
He was elected Metropolitan on , replacing Metropolitan Theodosius (Lazor).
References
1932 births
2022 deaths
American theologians
Writers from Pennsylvania
One Hundred Years of Solitude

One Hundred Years of Solitude is a book written by Nobel Prize-winning author Gabriel Garcia Marquez. It was published in 1967 and translated to English in 1970. This book is thought to be Marquez's most famous book and one of the best books ever written in the Spanish language.
1967 books
Books by Gabriel Garcia Marquez
Spanish-language literature
Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (abbreviated FB&H; Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian: Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine (FBiH) / Federatsija Bosne i Khertsegovine (FBiKh), ) is one of the two political entities that make up Bosnia and Herzegovina. The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is made up of 10 cantons with their own governments. It is sometimes known by the shorter name Federation of B&H.
Cantons
Bosnian Podrinje
Canton 10
Central Bosnia
Herzegovina-Neretva
Posavina
Sarajevo
Tuzla
Una-Sana
West Herzegovina
Zenica-Doboj
References
Geography of Bosnia and Herzegovina
South Carolina

South Carolina is a state in the southeast United States. Its capital city is Columbia, and its most populous city is Charleston. The population of the state is about 5.2 million people, ranked 23rd in the United States. South Carolina has an area of 32,030 square miles, making it the 40th largest state in the United States.
Other important cities in South Carolina are Greenville, Spartanburg, Anderson, Sumter, and Florence.
Major landforms include beaches, "barrier islands", salt marsh, sandhills , rolling piedmont, and the Blue Ridge Mountains. Because of its natural beauty, the state attracts many tourists, especially to Myrtle Beach, Charleston, and Hilton Head Island.
South Carolina became a state in 1788. The economy was agriculture-based, known for cotton, rice, indigo, and tobacco by African American slaves. After the American Civil War, the state lost much of its political and economic power. Towards the end of the 20th century, the state began to strengthen its economy and add population. Today, the major industries are tourism, textiles (clothing materials), golf, and manufacturing. South Carolina has the second highest number of workers employed by international companies per capita in the United States.
South Carolina is bounded to the north by North Carolina, to the south and west by Georgia, located across the Savannah River, and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean.
History
The original inhabitants of South Carolina were Native Americans. At least 29 Native American tribes lived in South Carolina. The Native American population declined after the arrival of Europeans.
Farming
Before the Civil War, South Carolina grew a lot of rice. African slaves worked on slave plantations in the state.
Participation In The Civil War & 1876-1966 Segregation
The Civil War
South Carolina became the first of eleven states to secede from the union, on December 20, 1860, to protest the election of Republican Abraham Lincoln. It joined the Confederacy. The first battle of the Civil War took place at Fort Sumter, in Charleston.
1876-1966 Segregation & Democratic Dominance
After the Civil War, African-Americans in South Carolina got to vote for some time, but soon black codes were enacted, and white-supremacist groups like the KKK were reborn, restricting African-Americans from voting. South Carolina thus became a Democratic stronghold. In fact, in 1904, Republican Theodore Roosevelt, who was running for president, won less than 5% of the vote in the state. The Democratic candidate won over 95% of the vote. This cult of fear disabled most African-Americans in South Carolina from voting till 1965, when President Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act.
Confederate Flag
For a long time, South Carolina had the Confederate flag hanging over its capital. This is no longer the case.
Famous People
U.S. President Andrew Jackson was born in South Carolina.
Related pages
Colleges and universities in South Carolina
List of counties in South Carolina
References
1788 establishments in the United States
Valledupar

Valledupar is a city in Colombia. It is the capital of Cesar Department.
Cities in Colombia
Capitals of Colombian departments
Marcilly-le-Hayer

Marcilly-le-Hayer is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France.
References
Marcilly-le-Hayer
Abdallah Said

Abdallah Said (; born 13 July 1985) is an Egyptian football player. He is an attacking midfielder. He plays for Kuopion Palloseura, on loan from Al Ahly. He also plays in the Egyptian national team.
International career
International goals
Scores and results list Egypt's goal tally first.
Honours
Egyptian Premier League: 2013-14, 2015-16, 2016-17, 2017-18
Egypt Cup: 2017
Egyptian Super Cup: 2011, 2014, 2015, 2017
CAF Champions League: 2012, 2013
CAF Confederation Cup: 2014
CAF Super Cup: 2013, 2014
References
Other websites
1985 births
Egyptian footballers
Living people
Egypt international footballers
Julio César Anderson

Julio Cesar Anderson Quiroga (27 November 1947 - 7 August 2021) was a Guatemalan professional football striker. He played the majority of his career for C.S.D. Municipal. He also played for the football team and represented them at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
Anderson died on 7 August 2021 in New York City, aged 73.
References
1947 births
2021 deaths
Guatemalan footballers
Tukey's Bridge

Tukey's Bridge is a bridge in Portland, Maine. The bridge was built in 1960. It was named after Lemuel Tukey, who collected taxes and owned taverns.
Bridges in the United States
Buildings and structures in Maine
Portland, Maine
Transport in Maine
1960 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Maine
Third World

The "Third World" describes the developing countries.
History
The term Third World was introduced during the Cold war between the United States and the Soviet Union. At that time, there were three "worlds". Colors do not represent current economic development.
References
Political geography
Economic geography
Country classifications
Martha Jefferson

Martha Wayles Skelton Jefferson, born Martha Wayles (October 30, 1748 - September 6, 1782) was the only wife of her second husband, Thomas Jefferson.
She was a widow at her second wedding, as her first husband had died young. When her second husband, Jefferson, was Governor of Virginia, she served as First Lady of Virginia from 1779 to 1781.
The Jeffersons had six children together. Only two daughters survived to adulthood, and only one past the age of 25. Weakened by childbirth, Martha Jefferson died several months after the birth of her last child, twenty years before her husband became the third President of the United States. At her wishes, he never married again.
Other websites
Colonial Williamsburg: Interview of Martha Jefferson, YouTube
Martha Wayles Skelton Jefferson , Monticello: For accurate, up-to-date information written and moderated by historians at Thomas Jefferson's Monticello.
Martha Jefferson at Find-A-Grave
"Martha Jefferson", First Lady Biography
1748 births
1782 deaths
18th-century American people
Thomas Jefferson
People from Virginia
Deaths in childbirth
48 (number)

Forty-eight is a number. It comes between forty-seven and forty-nine, and is an even number. It is divisible by 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, and 48.
Integers
Niels Holst-Sørensen

Niels Holst-Sorensen (born 19 December 1922) is a Danish former athlete and air force officer. He was the commander-in-chief of the Royal Danish Air Force between 1970 until 1982. He was Denmark's military representative to NATO between 1982 until 1986. He won gold and silver medals at the 1946 European Athletics Championships. He was a member of the International Olympic Committee from 1977 to 2002.
References
1922 births
Living people
Danish Olympians
Generals
Middle-distance runners
International Olympic Committee
Mitsuo Kato

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Kato was born on January 22, 1953. After graduating from Kwansei Gakuin University, he joined Japan Soccer League club Mitsubishi Motors in 1976. In 1978, the club won all three major title in Japan; Japan Soccer League, JSL Cup and Emperor's Cup. The club also won 1980 Emperor's Cup, 1981 JSL Cup and 1982 Japan Soccer League. He retired in 1983. He played 61 games and scored 7 goals in the league.
On August 23, 1979, Kato debuted for the Japan national team against North Korea.
Statistics
|-
|1976||rowspan="8"|Mitsubishi Motors||rowspan="8"|JSL Division 1||0||0
|-
|1977||18||4
|-
|1978||17||3
|-
|1979||9||0
|-
|1980||8||0
|-
|1981||4||0
|-
|1982||5||0
|-
|1983||7||0
61||7
61||7
|}
|-
|1979||1||0
|-
!Total||1||0
|}
References
Other websites
1953 births
Living people
Japanese footballers
Japan international footballers
Japan Soccer League players
Urawa Red Diamonds players
Tesla

Tesla usually refers to Nikola Tesla (1856-1943), physicist, electrical engineer, and inventor.
Tesla may also refer to:
Tesla (unit), a unit for measuring magnetic fields
Tesla, Inc., a company that builds electric cars
Tesla coil, a type of electrical circuit that produces high-voltage, alternating current electricity
Tesla (band), an American rock band