pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Primal (video game)

Primal is an action-adventure video game, developed by SCE Campbridge Studio, and published by Sony Computer Entertainment. Originally released on PlayStation 2 home console, then later ported to the PlayStation Network in 2012, and Primal Remastered for PlayStation 4 in 2016 worldwide. It tells the story of Jennifer Tate, a 21-year-old woman where searching for her boy friend, through the series of demonic-realms. As the story of develops, more is revealed about Jen's past and her relationship with her boy friend, as well as the nature of demon worlds.
Demonic Forms
Ferai
The first of Jen's form, wich offer increases stamina, strength, agillity and focuses on melee punches for a melee combat.
Undine
The second form obtain by Jen, the Undine form is usless above water, prolonged how use of which will reduce Jen's demonic health, where she can be killed in one strike. While in underwater, her health replenished backand she gains energy tentacles to strike the enemies on distance.
Wraith
Djinn
Other websites
2003 video games
Action video games
PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation 4 games
PlayStation Network games
Single-player video games
Sony Interactive Entertainment games
Sept-Frères

Sept-Freres is a former commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Noues de Sienne.
References
Former communes in Calvados
John David Crow

John David Crow (July 8, 1935 - June 17, 2015) was an American football player, coach, and college athletics administrator. He won the Heisman Trophy as a halfback at Texas A&M University in 1957. He and later played professional football in the National Football League (NFL) for the Chicago / St. Louis Cardinals and the San Francisco 49ers between 1958 and 1968.
References
1935 births
2015 deaths
American football coaches
San Francisco 49ers players
Sportspeople from Louisiana
Heisman Trophy winners
Harold V. Froehlich

Harold Vernon Froehlich (born May 12, 1932) is an American politician. He was born in Appleton, Wisconsin. He is a U.S. Representative from Wisconsin's 8th congressional district. He is a Republican.
Froehlich was appointed a circuit court judge in Outagamie County, Wisconsin, in 1981, and served until he retired from the bench on April 8, 2011.
References
Other websites
1932 births
Living people
United States representatives from Wisconsin
American judges
People from Appleton, Wisconsin
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Kaye Revil

Jo Kristine "Kaye" Celera-Revil (born April 6, 1982) is a Filipino politician. She is the current Vice Governor of Masbate Province in the Philippines. Prior to that, she was elected as a board member of the Second district of Masbate in the 2013 elections. She was the regional chairperson of Provincial Board Members' League of the Philippines. Revil is a graduate of the University of the Philippines (UP) Diliman. She received her Juris Doctor at the Ateneo de Manila University School of Law.
References
Filipino politicians
1982 births
Living people
Sköll

In Norse mythology, Skoll is a wolf that chases the sun (Sol) through the sky every day, trying to eat her. Skoll has a brother, Hati, who chases Mani, the moon. At Ragnarok, both Skoll and Hati will succeed in their quests.
Norse mythology
Thomas Midgley

Thomas Midgley (18 May 1889 - 2 November 1944), was an American inventor. His two most famous inventions are both now banned because they are dangerous for the world environment: the use of lead in petrol (gasoline) and the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in refrigerators. Midgley was accidentally killed by something he was inventing.
Early life
Midgley was born in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania. His father was also an inventor. He grew up in Columbus, Ohio, and graduated from Cornell University in 1911 with a degree in mechanical engineering.
Discovery of Leaded Gasoline/Petrol
Midgley began working at General Motors in 1916. In December 1921 Midgley discovered that the addition of Tetraethyllead to gasoline prevented "knocking" in internal combustion engines.
Discovery of Freon
In the 1930s Midgley developed a non-poisonous substance called CFC (chlorinated fluorocarbon) for use in refrigerators, inhalers and aerosol spray cans. He was given many high awards for his work and in 1944 he became president and chairman of the American Chemical Society.
His death
In 1940, at the age of 51, Midgley became ill with polio which left him disabled. It was to the point where it was hard to do every day tasks; like getting out of bed. He decided to invent a complicated system of strings and pulleys to lift him from his bed. However, this plan backfired, and he got caught up in the ropes and died of strangulation.
After his death
Midgley died before the days when people realized that CFCs were destroying the ozone layer which prevents harmful rays from the sun reaching the earth. They are now banned in refrigerators, but are still used in some countries.
In the United States it was not until 1973 that people started to produce gasoline without lead and, in 1996, the Clean Air Act banned the sale of leaded fuel for use in on-road vehicles. However it was still legal in the U.S. for aircraft, racing cars, farm equipment, and marine engines until 2008. Leaded gasoline is still common in South America, Africa, and some parts of Asia and the Middle East.
American chemists
American inventors
Cornell University alumni
Scientists from Pennsylvania
Scientists from Columbus, Ohio
Businesspeople from Pennsylvania
Businesspeople from Columbus, Ohio
1889 births
1944 deaths
Maddock, North Dakota

Maddock is a city in Benson County, North Dakota, United States.
References
Cities in North Dakota
Alburgh (town), Vermont

Alburgh is a town in Grand Isle County, Vermont, United States.
Towns in Vermont
Pha That Luang

Pha That Luang () (Romanization: Pa Tata Luanga) is a buddhist temple in Vientiane, Laos. It is the most popular Buddhist temple in Laos.
History
Buddhist missionaries from the Mauryan Empire are believed to have been sent by the Emperor Ashoka, including Bury Chan or Praya Chanthabury Pasithisak and five Arahata monks who brought a holy relic (believed to be the breastbone) of Lord Buddha to the stupa in the 3rd century BC. It was rebuilt in the 13th century as a Khmer temple which fell into ruin.
In the mid-16th century, King Setthathirat relocated his capital from Luang Prabang to Vientiane and ordered the construction of Pha That Luang in 1566. It was rebuilt about 4 km from the centre of Vientiane at the end of Pha That Luang Road and named Pha That Luang. The bases had a length of 69 metres each and was 45 metres high, and was surrounded by 30 small Stupas.
In 1641, a Dutch envoy of the Dutch East India Company, Gerrit van Wuysthoff, visited Vientiane and was received by King Sourigna Vongsa at the temple, where he was, reportedly, received in a magnificent ceremony. He wrote that he was particularly impressed by the "enormous pyramid and the top was covered with gold leaf weighing about a thousand pounds".[4] However, the stupa was repeatedly plundered by the Burmese, Siamese and Chinese.
Pha That Luang was destroyed by the Thai invasion in 1828, which left it heavily damaged and abandoned. It was not until 1900 that the French restored to its original design based on the detailed drawings from 1867 by the French architect and explorer Louis Delaporte. However the first attempt to restore it was unsuccessful and it had to be redesigned and then reconstructed in the 1930s.[3] During the Franco-Thai War, Pha That Luang was heavily damaged during a Thai air raid. After the end of World War II, the Pha That Luang was reconstructed.
Architecture
The architecture of the building includes many references to Lao culture and identity, and so has become a symbol of Lao nationalism.
The first level is 223 feet (67 metres) by 226 feet (68 metres); the second is 157 feet (47 metres) along each side; and the third level is 98 feet (29 metres) along each side. From ground to pinnacle, the Pha That Luang is 147.6 feet (44 metres) high. Only the pinnacle is covered in real gold, the remainder of the stupa is painted a gold color.
The area around Pha That Luang is now gated, to keep traffic out. Previously visitors could drive around the whole complex. The encircling walls are roughly 279 feet (85 metres) long on each side and contain a large number of Lao and Khmer sculptures including one of Jayavarman VII.
Gallery
King Jayavarman VII of the Khmer empire
The naga of Pha That Luang
Pha That Luang
The stupa of Pha That Luang
The stupa of Pha That Luang (inside the temple)
Buddhist temples
Religious buildings and structures in Asia
Laos
16th-century buildings and structures
Steve Brûlé

Steve Brule (born January 15, 1975) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. He last played competitively with Jonquiere Marquis of the Ligue Nord-Americaine de Hockey. He played in the National Hockey League with the New Jersey Devils and Colorado Avalanche.
Career statistics
Regular season and playoffs
Awards and achievements
References
Other websites
Picture of Steve Brule's Name on the 2000 Stanley Cup Plaque
1975 births
American Hockey League players
Canadian ice hockey forwards
Colorado Avalanche players
Ice hockey people from Quebec
Living people
New Jersey Devils players
Saint-Jean Lynx players
Sportspeople from Montreal
Stanley Cup champions
Olympia Centre

Olympia Centre is a skyscraper in Chicago, United States. It is 221 meters (725 feet) tall and has 63 floors. It was built in 1986 and is one of the tallest buildings in Chicago
Related pages
List of tallest buildings in Chicago
List of tallest buildings in the world
References
Other websites
Emporis.com - Olympia Centre
SkycraperPage.com - Olympia Centre
Skyscrapers in Chicago
1986 establishments in the United States
1980s establishments in Illinois
Breitbart News

Breitbart News is a right-wing news and politics website. It was created by the libertarian political commentator Andrew Breitbart. Andrew Breitbart said that he wanted his website to be like the Huffington Post but right-wing. Andrew Breitbart died in 2012. He was replaced by Steve Bannon. In 2016, Bannon said he wanted to turn Breitbart News into "a platform for the alt-right". Bannon left Breitbart News to work for Donald Trump at the White House. He later came back to Breitbart News. Breitbart News later fired Bannon and replaced him with Alex Marlow.
References
American websites
News websites
The Times-Picayune

The Times-Picayune is a tri-weekly newspaper published in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States.
Other websites
Official website, including the paper's breaking news weblog
The Times-Picayune's history of the Times-Picayune
Print editions of the Times-Picayune during Katrina
Best Leaders: Times-Picayune's Staff
Newspapers in the United States
New Orleans
Cali Cartel

The Cali Cartel () was a drug cartel in southern Colombia, around the city of Cali and the Valle del Cauca Department. Its founders were the brothers Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela and Miguel Rodriguez Orejuela, and Jose Santacruz Londono. They broke away from Pablo Escobar and his Medellin cartel in the late 1980s.
When the Cali Cartel had high power from 1993 to 1995, they were seen as having control of over 80% of the world's cocaine market and were said to be directly responsible for the growth of the cocaine market in Europe, controlling 80% of the market there. By the mid-1990s, the Cali Cartel's international drug trafficking empire was a $7 billion a year.
References
Drug traffickers
Colombian criminals
Steven Pinker

Steven Arthur Pinker (born September 18, 1954) is a Canadian-American experimental psychologist. He has written six popular psychology books. He is a Harvard College professor.
Early life and career
Pinker was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada in 1954, to a middle-class English-speaking Jewish family.
Personal life
When he was 13 he became an atheist. Pinker was given the American Humanist Association's Humanist of the Year award on May 13, 2006.
Other websites
Official website
References
1954 births
American atheists
American feminists
American psychologists
Harvard University alumni
Jewish American scientists
Jewish American writers
Living people
Writers from Montreal
Midnight (Hunter novel)

Midnight is a teen fantasy novel, the first book in the second Warriors series: Warriors: The New Prophecy, written by Erin Hunter. It was released on 10 May 2005. The novel focuses on a group of feral cats living in four groups called Clans: ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, and ShadowClan. The cats of these Clans call themselves warriors.
Plot summary
Bramblepaw, son of the evil Tigerstar, has received his warrior name, Brambleclaw. Firestar, leader of ThunderClan and main character of the previous Warriors series, has had two kits with his mate, Sandstorm: Squirrelpaw and Leafpaw. A cat named Dustpelt teaches Squirrelpaw how to be a warrior, and a cat named Cinderpelt teaches Leafpaw how to become a medicine cat (a cat who heals others).
While Leafpaw and Cinderpelt search for healing herbs, StarClan, the spirits of the cats' ancestors, sends Cinderpelt a warning in some burning bracken: a picture of a tiger running through fire. Cinderpelt mistakenly believes this to mean that fire and tiger will unite and destroy the forest, fire being Squirrelpaw and tiger being Brambleclaw. They share the warning with Firestar, who decides to keep Brambleclaw and Squirrelpaw separated.
In a dream, StarClan tells Brambleclaw, Feathertail of RiverClan, Crowpaw of WindClan, and Tawnypelt of ShadowClan to "listen to what midnight has to say." The four cats unite and begin on a journey in the direction of the setting sun. Squirrelpaw refuses to let Brambleclaw go without her, and Stormfur insists on joining them to protect his sister, Feathertail. On their journey, they meet an old cat named Purdy, who helps the Clan cats get to the ocean. The six journeying cats enter a cavern inhabited by a badger called Midnight, who can speak the language of cats. She reveals to them that humans will destroy the forest the cats live in, and that the Clans must leave the forest or die. She also tells them that a "dying warrior" (shooting star) will lead the Clans to their new home. The book ends with a short epilogue back in the forest, where the humans begin to destroy ThunderClan's territory.
Publication history
Midnight was first released in the US and Canada in hardcover on 10 May 2005. It was released in the UK on 25 October 2006. It was released in paperback on 4 April 2006. It was also released for the Amazon Kindle on 6 November 2007.
Critical reception
The reception of Midnight was mixed. Children's Literature gave a negative review. Points raised in the review include the demotion of Firestar (who held a major role in the previous series) to a simple spokesman, the huge volume of characters, and the "wimpy" group of traveling cats. However, the review did praise the character of Squirrelpaw. On the other hand, Kirkus Reviews said the novel was "structurally solid." BookLoons called the characters "engaging."
Inspiration and influences
The forest the cats live in is based on New Forest, a forest in southern England. The herbs that the cats use for healing is based on information found in a book called Culpeper's Herbal by Nicholas Culpeper.
References
American novels
Warriors books
Children's books
2005 books
List of rivers of Paraguay

This is a list of rivers in Paraguay. This list is arranged by where the river drains. Tributaries are indented under each larger stream's name.
La Plata Basin
Parana River
Paraguay River
Tebicuary River
Pilcomayo River
Salado River
Piribebuy River
Confuso River
Manduvira River
Jejuy River
Yhaguy River
Aguaray-Guazu River
Negro River
Aguaray-Guazu River
Jejui Guazu River
Curuguaty River
Monte Lindo River
Ypane River
Aquidaban River
Verde River
Apa River
Melo River
Timane River
Bamburral River or Negro
Monday River
Acaray River
Yguazu River
Ytambey River
Carapa River
References
Rand McNally, The New International Atlas, 1993.
GEOnet Names Server
Paraguay
Paraguay
Yoo Chae-yeong

Yoo Chae-yeong (; September 22, 1973 - July 24, 2014) was a South Korean singer, actress, and radio host. Yoo was known for her roles in Sex is Zero, Marrying a Billionaire, and in First Love of a Royal Prince.
Yoo was diagnosed with cancer in October 2013. She died on July 24, 2014 of gastric cancer at the age of 40.
References
Other websites
1973 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from stomach cancer
Cancer deaths in South Korea
Radio personalities
South Korean movie actors
South Korean television actors
South Korean singers
K-pop singers
Tetraplegia

Tetraplegia (or quadriplegia) is a condition in which a human loses use of all limbs and the torso. It usually affects both the ability to move and the use of the senses.
Quadriplegia is the common term in North America. Tetraplegia is the term in Europe.
Tetraplegia is caused by damage either to the brain or to the spinal cord at the level of the cervical vertebrae. People with an injury at the C1 vertebra may lose functions from the neck down. They may need a machine to breathe for them. People with injuries at the C7 vertebra may still be able to use their arms and hands.
References
Disability
Disorders
Piet Dankert

Pieter "Piet" Dankert (8 January 1934 in Stiens - 21 June 2003 in Perpignan) was a Dutch politician. He was a member of the Labour Party.
From 1968 till 1981 he was a member of the Second Chamber.
In the late 1970s he moved to the European Parliament, and was President of the European Parliament from 19 January 1982 to 24 July 1984.
In the third government of Ruud Lubbers (1989-1994) he was Secretary of State for European matters.
From 1994 till 1999 he was again an MEP.
References
1934 births
2003 deaths
Deputy government ministers of the Netherlands
Members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Labour Party (Netherlands) politicians
MEPs for the Netherlands
Politicians from Friesland
Presidents of the European Parliament
Downs, Kansas

Downs is a city in Osborne County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, 900 people lived there.
History
Downs started in the year 1879 when the Central Branch Railroad was extended to that point. It was named after William F. Downs, a railroad employee from Atchison, Kansas. Downs became an incorporated town in December of 1879. In 1910, 1,427 people lived there. There were two newspapers, a public library, flour mills, grain elevators, and an opera house.
Geography
Downs is at (39.503305, -98.543500). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.
People
2010 census
In 2010, there were 900 people, 424 households, and 239 families living in Downs. The population density was . 97.6% of the people were White, 0.1% were African American, 1.1% were Native American, 0.6% were Asian, and 0.7% were from two or more races. 0.9% of the people were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
2000 census
In 2000, there were 1,038 people, 474 households, and 273 families living in Downs. The population density was 941.4 people per square mile (364.3/km2). 98.75% of the people were White, 0.67% were Native American, 0.29% were Asian, 0.10% were from other races, and 0.19% were from two or more races. 0.48% of the people were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
Education
Downs is a part of USD 272 Waconda. The district elementary school is Lakeside Elementary School in Cawker City. The district high school is Lakeside High School in Downs; the mascot is Knights.
School unification combined Downs and Waconda East schools into USD 272 in 2003. The combined high school became Lakeside Jr./Sr. High School in Downs.
Downs High School was closed because of school unification. The Downs High School mascot was Dragons. The Downs Dragons won the following Kansas State High School championships:
1938 Boys Basketball - Class B
1950 Boys Basketball - Class B
1988 Boys Cross Country - Class 2-1A
Downs Elementary School and Downs Junior High School was in Downs.
Famous people
Francis Schmidt, football and basketball coach
Related pages
Meades Ranch Triangulation Station, the geodetic base point for the North American Datum of 1927 (NAD 27), which was used as a reference point until 1983.
Waconda Lake and Glen Elder State Park.
References
Other websites
City
City of Downs
Downs - Directory of Public Officials
Schools
USD 272, local school district
Pictures
Historic Images of Downs, Wichita State University Library
Maps
Downs City Map, KDOT
Cities in Osborne County, Kansas
1879 establishments in Kansas
Saint-Christophe-du-Ligneron

Saint-Christophe-du-Ligneron is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France.
Communes in Vendee
Grand Canyon (1991 movie)

Grand Canyon is a 1991 American drama movie directed by Lawrence Kasdan and stars Danny Glover, Kevin Kline, Steve Martin, Alfre Woodward, Mary McDonnell, Mary-Louise Parker, Tina Lifford. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was a minor box office failure. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1992.
Other websites
1991 drama movies
1990s American drama movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Lawrence Kasdan
Springdale, Arkansas

Springdale is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Cities in Arkansas
Arthur H. Rosenfeld

Arthur Hinton "Art" Rosenfeld (June 22, 1926 - January 27, 2017) was an American physicist. He was Commissioner of the California Energy Commission from 2000 to 2010. From 1994 to 1999, he was a Senior Advisor for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy in the United States Department of Energy. In 2011, he was awarded the National Medal of Technology and Innovation by U.S. President Barack Obama.
Rosenfeld was born in Birmingham, Alabama. His wife of 53 years, Roselyn Bernheim "Roz" Rosenfeld, had died in 2009. They had two children.
Rosenfeld died from pneumonia on January 27, 2017 in Berkeley, California. He was 90.
References
1926 births
2017 deaths
American physicists
Deaths from pneumonia
Infectious disease deaths in California
Scientists from Birmingham, Alabama
Enrique Bolaños

Enrique Jose Bolanos Geyer (13 May 1928 - 14 June 2021) was a Nicaraguan politician. He was the President of Nicaragua from 10 January 2002 to 10 January 2007.
Bolanos died in Nindiri, Nicaragua on 14 June 2021, just one month after his 93rd birthday.
References
Other websites
Biography and tenure by CIDOB Foundation (in Spanish)
1928 births
2021 deaths
Presidents of Nicaragua
Vice presidents of Nicaragua
Carter Lake, Iowa

Carter Lake is a city in Pottawattamie County, Iowa, United States. It is a suburb of Omaha, Nebraska. In 2010, 3,785 people lived there.
History
Carter Lake is an example of the border irregularities of the United States. It is the only city in Iowa that is west of the Missouri River. In March 1877, a flood changed the course of the river 1.25 mi (2 km) to the southeast. The parts of the old river course, called Saratoga Bend, became an oxbow lake. It is named Carter Lake. After the creation of the lake, the place became a recreational area. It included "a boathouse at the foot of Locust street, hotels and club houses were numerous and the lake was the scene of many a pleasant rowing and fishing party."
In 1892, after a lot of litigation between Iowa and Nebraska, the Supreme Court of the United States said that Carter Lake is part of Iowa in Nebraska v. Iowa, 143 U.S. 359 (1892). The general rule is that state borders follow small changes in the course of a river. However, the Court said that an there's an exception when a river avulses one of its bends. In 1972, the Supreme Court made another ruling about Carter Lake when it ruled on a border dispute between the two states in Nebraska v. Iowa, 406 U.S. 117 (1972).
Geography
Carter Lake is at (41.292647, -95.913989).
The city is surrounded on three sides by Omaha, Nebraska, and on the fourth by the Missouri River.
The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that, is land and is water.
People
2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 3,785 people, 1,388 households, and 997 families living in Carter Lake.
Politics
The current mayor of Carter Lake is Ron Cumberledge. He was elected on November 7th, 2017.
References
Other websites
City of Carter Lake
History of Carter Lake
Edward F. Owen Memorial Library
Carter Lake Elementary School
Carter Lake Community Resource Center
Carter Lake Preservation Society
Carter Lake Weather
Map showing history of Missouri River shifts at Carter Lake
City-Data Comprehensive Statistical Data and more about Carter Lake
Cities in Iowa
Protivin, Iowa

Protivin is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Schinznach

Schinznach is a municipality of the district Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2014, the former municipalities of Oberflachs and Schinznach-Dorf merged into the new municipality of Schinznach.
Gallery
References
Other websites
Official Website
Municipalities of Aargau
2014 establishments in Switzerland
Lakeville, Maine

Lakeville is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Len Wein

Len Wein (; June 12, 1948 - September 10, 2017) was an American comic book writer and editor. He was born in New York City, New York.
Wein was best known for co-creating DC Comics' Swamp Thing and Marvel Comics' Wolverine, and for helping revive the Marvel superhero team the X-Men (including the co-creation of Nightcrawler, Storm, and Colossus).
Additionally, he was the editor for writer Alan Moore and illustrator Dave Gibbons' influential DC miniseries Watchmen.
Wein was added into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2008.
Wein died of a heart attack on September 10, 2017 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 69.
References
Other websites
Len Wein interview at Fantastic Four Headquarters
Len Wein at Mike's Amazing World of Comics
Len Wein at the Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators
1948 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
American comics writers
American editors
Writers from New York City
Tyler's big-eyed tree frog

Tyler's big-eyed tree frog (Nyctimystes tyleri) is a tree frog from eastern Papua New Guinea.
Scientists have not seen many of this frog, but they say it is large, 77.6 mm long from from nose to rear end. It has yellow eyes.
References
Frogs of Oceania
Arrondissements of the Charente-Maritime department

There are 5 arrondissements in the Charente-Maritime department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into arrondissements, which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.
If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.
Arrondissements are further divided into communes.
The 5 arrondissements of Charente-Maritime are:
History
Since its creation, the Charente-Maritime department has had some changes:
1790 : creation of the department, with the name Charente-Inferieure (changed in 1941 to the present Charente-Maritime), with seven districts: Marennes, Montlieu, Pons, Rochefort, La Rochelle, Saintes and Saint-Jean-d'Angely. The capital of the department Saintes alternating with La Rochelle and Saint-Jean-d'Angely but soon was changed and Saintes was kept as the only capital.
1800 : creation of the arrondissements: Jonzac, Marennes, Rochefort, La Rochelle, Saintes and Saint-Jean-d'Angely. Montlieu and Pons were left out but Jonzac was created.
1926 : the arrondissements of Marennes and Saint-Jean-d'Angely were eliminated.
1943 : the Saint-Jean-d'Angely was made again an arrondissement.
References
Related pages
List of arrondissements of France
Charente-Maritime
Encyclopedia of Life

The Encyclopedia of Life (EoL) is an online source of information. The Encyclopedia of Life lists plants, animals and all other kinds of living things. It gives this information in many languages. It has more than 2 million species in it, making it one of the largest sources of species information in the world.
Many different groups work together to make and run the encyclopedia. The Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History is the leader.
History
In 2008, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and Alfred P. Sloan Foundation gave the Smithsonian the money to start the encyclopedia.
In 2018, EoL started a new way of showing information that allowed users to search for species in new ways. For example, it is more easy to see and search for which living things eat which other animals or plants.
References
Other websites
Official website
Science websites
Databases
Taxonomy
Henning Mankell

Henning Mankell (3 February 1948 - 5 October 2015) was a Swedish writer. He was born in Stockholm. He wrote stories both for the theatre as well as books and television series. He is best known for a series of crime novels, starring a character he created, inspector Kurt Wallander.
Mankell died of throat and lung cancer in Gothenburg, Sweden on 5 October 2015 at the age of 67.
References
1948 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from throat cancer
Deaths from lung cancer
Cancer deaths in Sweden
Children's writers
Swedish novelists
Writers from Stockholm
Swedish playwrights
Television writers
Static (DC Comics)

Static is a fictional character who appears in American comic book puplished by DC Comics.
DC Comics characters
Anneke den Haan

Anneke den Haan-Baltink is a Dutch sitting volleyball player. She played at the 2004 Summer Paralympics, winning a silver medal.
References
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Dutch sitting volleyball players
Dutch Paralympic silver medalists
Warluzel

Warluzel is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Elizabeth Banks

Elizabeth Banks (born February 10, 1974) is an American television and movie actress. She was born in Pittsfield, Massachusetts. Her movies include the Spider-Man franchise, 2008's comedy Zack and Miri Make a Porno, Invincible, The Hunger Games, and in The Lego Movie and sequel The Lego Movie 2: The Second Part. Banks is a Democrat. She attended the 2012 Democratic National Convention to support President Obama's re-election.
References
Other websites
Actors from Massachusetts
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Democrats (United States)
1974 births
Living people
People from Pittsfield, Massachusetts
Aisha

Aisha bint Abu Bakr (604-678; ) was the third wife of Muhammad. Aisha is given honour in Islam, especially in the Sunni branch. She is often called by Muslims Umm-al-mu'minin which means "the Mother of the Believers".
Aisha was the daughter of Abu Bakr of Mecca. Aisha was six years old when she was betrothed to Muhammad. (Marriage under the age of 21 was common worldwide at the time) She was not Muhammad's only wife.
Her ten-year marriage to Muhammad ended when he died. Aisha lived fifty more years in and around Medina. Much of her time was spent learning the Quran, and the Sunnah of Muhammad.
References
604 births
678 deaths
Wives of Muhammad
Oxalidaceae

The Oxalidaceae is a family of flowering plants. This family has about 900 species, mainly of annual or perennial herbs. These are found mainly in tropical and subtropical areas of the world, although some occur in temperate locations.
References
Oxalidales
Plant families
Ian Wright

Ian Edward Wright MBE (born 3 November 1963) is a British footballer and television personality. He has played for England national team. He is the adopted father of Shaun Wright-Phillips and the father of Bradley Wright-Phillips.
Club career statistics
|-
|1985-86||rowspan="7"|Crystal Palace||rowspan="4"|Second Division||32||9||2||0||34||9
|-
|1986-87||38||9||5||1||43||10
|-
|1987-88||41||20||4||3||45||23
|-
|1988-89||42||24||3||1||45||25
|-
|1989-90||rowspan="3"|First Division||26||8||7||1||33||9
|-
|1990-91||38||15||8||4||46||19
|-
|1991-92||8||5||0||0||8||5
|-
|1991-92||rowspan="7"|Arsenal||First Division||30||24||3||2||33||26
|-
|1992-93||rowspan="6"|Premier League||31||15||15||15||46||30
|-
|1993-94||39||23||13||11||52||34
|-
|1994-95||31||18||14||12||45||30
|-
|1995-96||31||15||9||8||40||23
|-
|1996-97||35||23||6||7||41||30
|-
|1997-98||24||10||4||1||28||11
|-
|1998-99||West Ham United||Premier League||22||9||||||||
|-
|1999-00||Nottingham Forest||First Division||10||5||||||||
|-
|1999-00||Celtic||Premier League||8||3||||||||
|-
|1999-00||Burnley||Second Division||15||4||||||||
493||241||||||||
8||3||||||||
501||244||||||||
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1991||4||0
|-
|1992||3||0
|-
|1993||9||5
|-
|1994||4||0
|-
|1995||0||0
|-
|1996||1||0
|-
|1997||8||4
|-
|1998||4||0
|-
!Total||33||9
|}
References
1963 births
Living people
Footballers from London
Black British sportspeople
English television presenters
Premier League players
Arsenal F.C. players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
West Ham United F.C. players
Detroit Red Wings

The Detroit Red Wings are an ice hockey team in the National Hockey League (NHL).
History
Early history
The Red Wings were formed in 1926. The Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL) folded that year, and many of the players from the WCHL's Victoria Cougars went to play for Detroit. As a result, the team was first called the Detroit Cougars, then later it changed to Detroit Falcons, before becoming known as the Red Wings.
Later history
In the late 1940s, the line of Sid Abel, Gordie Howe, and Ted Lindsey became very important to the team. Abel won the Hart Trophy in 1949, and Lindsey won the Art Ross Trophy as scoring champion in 1950. Howe then won six Hart and six Art Ross Trophies between 1951 and 1963. Terry Sawchuck was a star goaltender, who ended up with more career shutouts than any other goalie (103). Red Kelly won the first ever Norris Trophy as best defence. As a result of having such great players, the Red Wings won four Stanley Cups in six years: 1950, 1952, 1954, and 1955. Two of these were very close: they were won in overtime of the 7th and deciding game in 1950 (against the New York Rangers) and 1954 (against the Montreal Canadiens). These are the only two times the NHL championship has gone to overtime of game seven.
The Red Wings continued to be a strong team throughout the 1960. They lost the NHL Finals five times between 1956 and 1966. Norm Ullman was their star center in the 1960s.
Comeback
They were not a strong team again until the late 1980s. Steve Yzerman became a star at this time. Sergei Fedorov became the first Russian to win the Hart Trophy in 1994. The Red Wings won the President's Cup as top team in the NHL regular season in 1995, 1996 (with a record number of wins), and 2002. They won the Stanley Cup in 1997, 1998, and 2002. Nicklas Lidstrom won the Norris Trophy as best defenceman three times beginning in 2001. The team was one of the richest in the NHL, which helped them get many good players.
Winnings
The Red Wings have won eleven Stanley Cups, the third most of any team, and the most of the United States teams. They first won in 1936 and 1937, and again in 1943. Ebbie Goodfellow won the Hart Trophy as the NHL's most valuable player in 1940. Sid Howe was also a star on the team at this time.
Related pages
List of Detroit Red Wings players
References
Other websites
Official website
1926 establishments in the United States
National Hockey League teams
Topsfield, Massachusetts

Topsfield is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States.
Towns in Massachusetts
Sainte-Gemme-la-Plaine

Sainte-Gemme-la-Plaine is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France.
Communes in Vendee
Redhill

Redhill can mean several things:
Hill
Maibam Lokpa Ching, a WWII memorial site, also known as Red Hills, because the entire landscape was dyed red due to heavy casualties in the Japanese troops as a result of British attack in the Battle of Imphal.
Towns and cities
Redhill, Somerset, England
Redhill, Surrey, England
Redhill, Nottinghamshire, England
Redhill, Singapore, Singapore
Schools
Redhill High School, South Africa
Shaheen falcon

The shaheen falcon (Falco peregrinus peregrinator) is also known as the Indian peregrine falcon, Other names are the black shaheen, Pakistani shaheen, or simply the shaheen.
It is a non-migratory subspecies of the peregrine falcon found mainly in hilly and mountainous regions of the Indian subcontinent and the nearby island of Sri Lanka. In Pakistani literature, the shaheen has a special association with the poetry of the country's national poet, Allama Muhammad Iqbal. The Pakistan Air Force has as a symbol and in Gilgit-Baltistan it is the unofficial bird of the region.
References
National symbols of Pakistan
Birds of Asia
Falconiformes
Formic acid

Formic acid, or methanoic acid, is the simplist carboxylic acid and has the chemical formula . Many animals use for defence. The word "formic" comes from the Latin word for ant, formica, referring to its early isolation by the distillation of ant bodies, and the trivial name in some languages means "ant-acid", such as Dutch mierenzuur, Danish myresyre, Faroese meyrusyra, Francais acide formique and German Ameisensaure. Esters, salts, and the anions derived from formic acid are called formates.
In the 15th century, many alchemists reported that ants use an acidid fluid for defense. English naturalist John Ray was the first to get formic acid, by distilling ants, in 1671.
In nature, it is found in most ants. The wood ants from the genus Formica can spray formic acid on their preys or to defend the nest. It is also known from the trichomes of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica). Formic acid is a naturally occurring component of the atmosphere due primarily to forest emissions.
References
Ants
1
Leonard Lopate

Leonard Lopate (born September 23, 1940) is an American talk show host. He is the former of the public radio talk show The Leonard Lopate Show, broadcast on WNYC. He first broadcasted on WKCR, the college radio station of Columbia University--where his brother Phillip was a student--then later at WBAI, before ultimately moving to WNYC.
Lopate's talk show aired on WNYC from noon to 2 pm every weekday. Segments of the show are available as podcasts found on iTunes and on the station's website. He was fired in December 2017 after a sexual harassment investigation.
References
Other websites
Access to recent Lopate shows
Renowned Radio Host Recounts Career Highlights
Leonard Lopate in conversation with the Brooklyn Rail
1940 births
Living people
American journalists
American political writers
American radio personalities
Writers from New York City
Sommerkahl

Sommerkahl is a community in the Aschaffenburg district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (municipal association) of Schollkrippen.
References
Other websites
Wilhelmine coppermine
Aschaffenburg (district)
Canapville, Calvados

Canapville, Calvados is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Calvados
Heinz Kubsch

Heinz Kubsch (20 July 1930 - 24 October 1993) was a German football player. He played for West Germany national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1947-48||rowspan="6"|Sportfreunde Katernberg||rowspan="2"|Oberliga||10||0
|-
|1948-49||24||0
|-
|1949-50||||0||0
|-
|1950-51||rowspan="3"|Oberliga||30||0
|-
|1951-52||28||0
|-
|1952-53||30||0
|-
|1953-54||rowspan="8"|Pirmasens||rowspan="8"|Oberliga||30||0
|-
|1954-55||27||0
|-
|1955-56||27||0
|-
|1956-57||30||0
|-
|1957-58||30||0
|-
|1958-59||28||0
|-
|1959-60||21||0
|-
|1960-61||29||0
344||0
344||0
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1954||1||0
|-
|1955||1||0
|-
|1956||1||0
|-
!Total||3||0
|}
References
1930 births
1993 deaths
German association football goalkeepers
Sportspeople from Essen
Manistee, Michigan

Manistee is the county seat of Manistee County, Michigan, United States.
Cities in Michigan
County seats in Michigan
Arnold Roth

Arnold Roth (born February 25, 1929) is an American freelance cartoonist and illustrator. He worked in advertisements, album covers, books, magazines, and newspapers.
Novelist John Updike wrote, "All cartoonists are geniuses, but Arnold Roth is especially so".
References
Other websites
Reuben Award bio
Roth at the Society of Illustrators in Manhattan Retrieved March 2013
1929 births
Living people
American cartoonists
American illustrators
People from Philadelphia
Saline County, Missouri

Saline County is a county located along the Missouri River in the U.S. state of Missouri. The county seat is Marshall. In 2020, 23,333 people lived there.
References
1820 establishments in Missouri Territory
Missouri counties
Burnham, Illinois

Burnham is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
Don Pardo

Dominick George "Don" Pardo (February 22, 1918 - August 18, 2014) was an American radio and television announcer. He was the announcer for Saturday Night Live. He was also the announcer for Jeopardy! when it was hosted by Art Fleming.
Pardo was born in Westfield, Massachusetts on February 22, 1918. His career began in 1938. He lived in New York City, New York until he moved to Tucson, Arizona. In March 2013, Pardo was hospitalized for a broken hip.
Pardo died on August 18, 2014 in Tucson, aged 96.
References
Other websites
1918 births
2014 deaths
American television actors
American radio actors
American voice actors
American radio personalities
American television personalities
American television presenters
Actors from Massachusetts
Actors from Connecticut
Chuquisaca Department

Chuquisaca is a department in Bolivia. The capital city is Sucre, which is also the capital of Bolivia.
El Palmar Integrated Management Natural Area is in the department.
Provinces
The department is divided into 10 provinces which are further subdivided into municipalities and cantons.
References
Departments of Bolivia
Diou, Allier

Diou is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
Mars, Incorporated

Mars Incorporated is an American food company. They are mostly known as a chocolate manufacturer but they make many other foods. They also make food for pets. Brands include Uncle Ben's rice, Wrigley's, 3 Musketeers and M&M's. They employ 70,000 people worldwide.
Other websites
Official site
Uncle Ben's
American food companies
1911 establishments in the United States
Companies based in Virginia
Marion County, Georgia

Marion County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 7,498 people lived there. The county seat is Buena Vista.
References
1827 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia (U.S. state) counties
Base isolation

Base isolation is a collection of a building's units resting on its foundation to provide separation of the building from shaking ground thus improving seismic performance.
Basic parts of base isolation system
Base isolation system consists of isolation units with or without isolation components, where:
1. Isolation units are the basic elements of base isolation system which provide the mentioned separation effect to a building structure.
2. Isolation components are the connections between isolation units and other parts of the building having no separation effect of their own.
Famous base-isolated buildings
History
From the very beginning, the theory of base isolation rested on two pillars: heavy damping and frequency separation. Unfortunately, nobody paid any attention that the heavy damping was a sort of a strong connection between a substructure and superstructure, and that the idea of decoupling them with the help of such connections was of no good. Anyway, to virtually test-drive any design concept of base isolation, some online help is available now.
Earthquake engineering
Living in a Box

Living in a Box were an English pop band in the 1980s. They are best known for their debut single "Living in a Box". It was produced by Richard James Burgess.
Group members
Richard Darbyshire (born 8 March 1960, Stockport, Cheshire, England) - vocals, guitar
Marcus Charles Vere (born 29 January 1962) - Synthesizers
Anthony "Tich" Critchlow (born 15 December 1960) - Drums
Discography
Singles
Albums
Studio
Living In A Box (1987) UK #25, US #89
Gatecrashing (1989) UK #21
Compilations
The Best of Living in a Box (1999)
The Very Best of Living in a Box (2003)
References
Other websites
Living In A Box official website
Richard Darbyshire official website
Discogs.com entry
[ Living in a Box biography and discography] at Allmusic
1980s British music groups
1985 establishments in the United Kingdom
1990s British music groups
1990 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
English pop music groups
Musical groups established in 1985
Musical groups from Sheffield
New wave bands
Soul bands
Musical groups disestablished in 1990
Bratovoești

Bratovoesti is a commune in Dolj County, Romania.
References
Communes in Dolj County
Aswat

Aswat (Arabic: 'Swt) is a Palestinian group for lesbian rights. Rauda Morcos is the co-founder. Aswat means "voices" in the Arabic language. The group started in 2001.
History
Aswat started as a forum for discussion on the internet.
The first group for LGBT Palestinians was the international Jerusalem Open House. Palestinians started to meet there in 2001. After the Oslo Accords in 1993, many Palestinian groups were part of Israeli groups. But later, in the 2000s, many groups decided to be independent. In 2002, "Aswat: Palestinian Gay Women" started as an independent project with Kayan, a Palestinian feminist group in Haifa.
In March 2007, the group had its first conference in Haifa. The meeting had 350 people. The Islamic Movement protested outside the meeting with 30 people.
The group publishes Arabic literature about homosexuality. They published five newsletters in Arabic about gays and lesbians, and they published an Arabic glossary of terms of sexual orientation. They also published a book called "Home and Exile in Queer Experience".
Books
Home and Exile in Queer Experience (in Arabic), ( ldkhl wlmnf~ fy tjrb@ llwTy ) 2006.
My right to live as I choose, ("Hqy 'n '`ysh,'n khtr 'n 'kwn") 2007.
Pause Girls, ( "wqf@ bnt" ) 2009.
Activist voices, ( "'Swt nshT@" ) 2012.
About Homosexuality, ( "`n lmthlyW@" ) 2013.
Other websites
Aswat
References
Human rights organizations in Asia
2001 establishments in Asia
Ezio Auditore da Firenze

Ezio Auditore da Firenze is a playable character of the Assassin's Creed franchise. He is voiced by Roger Craig Smith. He is an ancestor to both Desmond Miles and Clay Kaczmarek.
Biography
Ezio Auditore was born at Florence in June 4th, 1459. As a young adult, he became an assassin.
Assassin's Creed
Fictional characters introduced in the 2000s
Fictional Italian people
Soulcalibur series guest characters
Video game characters
Beckemeyer, Illinois

Beckemeyer is a village of Illinois in the United States.
Villages in Illinois
British African-Caribbean people

The British African-Caribbean (Afro-Caribbean) community are residents of the United Kingdom who are of British West Indian background and whose ancestors came first from Africa. Around 566,000 people fitted that description in 2001. in the 2021 Census 623,119 people in England and Wales described themselves in this way.
These people are often called Black British.
References
Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom
List of rivers of Puducherry

This is a list of rivers of Puducherry. None of these river originates in Puducherry.
Puducherry Region
Gingee River
Guduvaiyar River
Malattar River
Pambaiyar River
Pennaiyar River
Karaikal Region
Arasalar River
Nandalar River
Nattar River
Noolar River
Puravadayanar River
Thirumalairajanar River
Vanjiar River
Mahe Region
Mahe River
Ponniyar River
Yanam Region
Goutami River
Puducherry
Coyolles

Coyolles is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Plouvorn

Plouvorn () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistere department in the northwest of France.
References
Communes in Finistere
2014–15 Bundesliga (women)

The 2014-15 Frauen Bundesliga was the 25th season of the Frauen Bundesliga in Germany. It took place from 30 August 2014 to 10 May 2015. Bayern Munich won their first Bundesliga title.
League table
References
Other websites
News, Matchdetails, Teams, Transfers on weltfussball.de
Season on dfb.de
2014 in association football
2015 in association football
Football in Germany