pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Jovan I. Deretić

Jovan Ilic Deretic (; 18 January 1939 - 6 June 2021) was a Serbian publicist and writer. Deretic was known for his conspiracy theory writings. He would write about the alternative history of the Serbs that had a larger role in history than described by historians. Deretic was born in Orovac, Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
Deretic died on 6 June 2021 in Belgrade, aged 82.
References
1939 births
2021 deaths
Serbian writers
The Masses Against the Classes

"The Masses Against the Classes" is a 2000 song by Welsh rock band Manic Street Preachers and was released as a stand alone song. It went to number 1 in Scotland and the United Kingdom, number 4 in Finland, number 7 in Ireland, number 12 in Norway and number 157 in France where it was their only song of theirs to chart in France.
Track listing
All music was written by James Dean Bradfield and Sean Moore except where indicated. All lyrics were written by Nicky Wire except where indicated.
UK CD and 10-inch single
"The Masses Against the Classes" - 3:23
"Close My Eyes" - 4:27
"Rock and Roll Music" (music and lyrics: Chuck Berry) - 2:53
References
2000 songs
Alternative rock songs
Hard rock songs
Manic Street Preachers songs
Neuilly-sur-Marne

Neuilly-sur-Marne is a commune. It is found in the Seine-Saint-Denis department in France.
Communes in Seine-Saint-Denis
Personal watercraft

A personal watercraft (PWC), also called water scooter or jet ski is a recreational watercraft that a rider sits or stands on as in a boat. They have an inboard engine driving a pump-jet that has a screw-shaped impeller. Most are designed for two or three people. They can travel beyond 100 miles (161 km).
References
Gonneville-en-Auge

Gonneville-en-Auge is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Population
Communes in Calvados
House of Dunkeld

The House of Dunkeld was the house for Scottish rulers from 1034-1290. Some sources state it began in 1058 with Malcolm III and that Duncan I through to Lulach were in the house of Alpin but this list will include the monarchs starting with Duncan I, king of Scots.
Kings and Queens of Scotland
Wolfgang Suschitzky

Wolfgang Suschitzky, BSC (29 August 1912 - 7 October 2016), was an Austrian photographer and cinematographer. He was best known for his works with Paul Rotha in the 1940s and his work on Mike Hodges' 1971 movie Get Carter. He was born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary.
References
Other websites
Compilation website of Suschitzky's photos
Wolf Suschitsky photographs at Lumiere Gallery
BAFTA tribute to Suschitzky
1912 births
2016 deaths
Centenarians
Cinematographers
People from Vienna
Photographers
Sulkava

Sulkava is a municipality in the Southern Savonia region of Finland. It had almost 3,000 living there in January 2014. The municipality is best known for the annual long distance rowing contest, Sulkavan Suursoudut, around Partalansaari ("Partala Island"). It is just as famous for the large party following the rowing event. The municipalities near it are Juva, Puumala, Rantasalmi, Ruokolahti and Savonlinna.
References
Other websites
The official Sulkava page
Municipalities of South Savo
Rowing
Carbon monoxide

Carbon monoxide, with the chemical formula CO, is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. It consists of one carbon atom covalently bonded to one oxygen atom. It is made when carbon compounds burn and there is not enough oxygen. It is a good fuel and burns in air with a blue flame, making carbon dioxide. It is very toxic, but it is useful for modern technology as well.
The most important use for carbon monoxide in industry is making iron from iron ore. The carbon monoxide takes the oxygen from the iron ore when heated in a large oven called a blast furnace. Liquid metal iron is left behind. The carbon monoxide turns into carbon dioxide.
Carbon monoxide can accidentally form when there is too little air to burn all the fuel into carbon dioxide. Such a situation may happen if the oven shutters are closed too early or if a mobile cooker is used in a small tent with no ventilation (Ventilation is fresh air coming in and smoke going out). Many people have died from carbon monoxide poisoning. Low-level carbon monoxide poisoning can cause feelings of paranoia and hallucinations, and has been determined to be a major cause of "haunted" houses. Higher levels of carbon monoxide can cause flu-like symptoms, headaches, and death. Small amounts of it are found in coal gas, a fuel produced by heating coal without any air.
Production
Despite that it is a poison, carbon monoxide is very useful in chemical industry so lots of ways of making it have been discovered. Normally we burn coke at high temperature with not enough oxygen. Blast furnaces work this way. The chemical equation for this is:
2C + O2 - 2CO
It can be also made by blowing hot steam through red-hot crushed coke
C + H2O - CO + H2
Carbon monoxide can be used as heating fuel because it burns easily into carbon dioxide. It can also be used as so-called "synthesis gas" for making man-made gasoline in the Fischer-Tropsch process.
During the World War II when petrol was rare and reserved for the military, many cars were converted to use wood gas. It is carbon monoxide made by burning wood chips in insufficient amount of air. The wood gas was made in a special oven called generator, which was carried on the car. The resulting carbon monoxide was then used as fuel for the car itself. Even today there are cars which use wood gas as fuel.
References
Other websites
International Chemical Safety Card 0023
National Pollutant Inventory - Carbon Monoxide
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
United States Environmental Protection Agency Carbon Monoxide page
External MSDS data sheet
Carbon Monoxide Kills Campaign Site
Carbon Monoxide information for victims of poisoning
Carbon Monoxide Hazards with Backpacking Stoves
USFDA IMPORT BULLETIN 16B-95, May 1999
FDA Agency Response Letter GRAS Notice No. GRN 000083
Carbon Monoxide in Fresh Meat site
Radiology and Pathology of CO Poisoning Images from MedPix
Toxicology
Carbon compounds
Oxides
1743

1743 was a common year.
Events
February 14 - Henry Pelham becomes British Prime Minister
February 21 - The premiere in London of George Frideric Handel's oratorio, Samson.
September 13 - Treaty of Worms (1743) - a treaty between Great Britain, Austria and Sardinia
Battle of Dettingen
Aeroflot

Aeroflot is the national airline of the Russian Federation. It's one of the oldest airlines in the world. It has been flying for over a century.
History
Aeroflot began in 1923 in the Soviet Union. Much of Aeroflot's history was kept secret once the Cold War began and Aeroflot had to stop flying to the United States.
Throughout the 1960s, 70s and 80s, Aeroflot and many Eastern Bloc airlines suffered many air crashes due to old and poor Russian airplanes. Those were the only ones Aeroflot and those airlines could use. However, Aeroflot was the world's largest airline until the 1980s. After the Soviet Union ended in 1991, Aeroflot began modernizing its fleet and buying more Western airplanes, like the Airbus A300 and Boeing 767. By 1991, Aeroflot again started flying to the United States. Aeroflot is member of aviation alliance SkyTeam. As of 2021, Aeroflot was flying to 146 cities in 52 countries.
Fleet
References
1923 establishments in the Soviet Union
Companies of Russia
Airlines of Russia
IATA members
Davy Walsh

David Joseph Walsh (28 April 1923 - 14 March 2016), commonly referred to as Davy Walsh or Dave Walsh, was an Irish footballer. He was born in Waterford, Ireland.
He played as a centre forward for, among others, Linfield, West Bromwich Albion and Aston Villa. Walsh was a dual international. He played for both Ireland teams - the FAI XI and the IFA XI.
In 1949, he was a member of the FAI XI that defeated England 2-0 at Goodison Park, becoming the first team to beat England at home.
Walsh died on 14 March 2016 from pneumonia in Dublin, Ireland. He was aged 92.
References
Other websites
Northern Ireland's Footballing Greats
1923 births
2016 deaths
Aston Villa F.C. players
Deaths from pneumonia
Irish footballers
People from Waterford
Sink

A sink is a place for washing. In homes, sinks are in kitchens and bathrooms. A sink has a bowl or basin, one or two taps, and a drain. Water comes out of the taps; the bowl holds the water. The drain lets the water flow out. Some sinks may have sprays to clean things faster. Some sinks have a soap dispenser. Water filters can be put on a sink.
Gallery
Related pages
Plumbing
References
Home
Rick Gomez

Richard Harper "Rick" Gomez (born June 1, 1972) is an American actor and voice actor. He is the older brother of actor Joshua Gomez.
Filmography
Film
Television
Video games
References
1972 births
Living people
Actors from New Jersey
American voice actors
Wayne, Pennsylvania

Wayne is an unincorporated community centered in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, on the Main Line. The center of Wayne was made the Downtown Wayne Historic District in 2012. It is a suburb of Philadelphia.
References
Unincorporated communities in Pennsylvania
Paul LePage

Paul Richard LePage (born October 9, 1948) is an American businessman and Republican Party politician. He served as the 74th Governor of Maine from 2011 to 2019.
In April 2020, LePage announced his candidacy for governor, running against Governor Janet T. Mills in the 2022 election. He lost the election in November 2022.
He was the mayor of Waterville from 2003 to 2011, and was a city councilor prior to that. He worked as general manager of the 14-store discount chain Marden's Surplus and Salvage from 1996 until 2011.
References
Other websites
1948 births
Living people
Governors of Maine
American mayors
Businesspeople from Maine
People from Lewiston, Maine
Republican Party (United States) politicians
New London, Iowa

New London is a city in Iowa in the United States. In 2010 it had 1,897 people.
History
New London was first called Dover, after its founder Abraham C. Dover, who came to the area from Illinois in 1833.
References
Cities in Iowa
Markus Rosenberg

Markus Rosenberg (born 27 September 1982) is a Swedish football player. He plays for Werder Bremen and Sweden national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|2001||rowspan="3"|Malmo FF||rowspan="3"|Allsvenskan||13||1
|-
|2002||11||0
|-
|2003||16||3
|-
|2004||Halmstad||Allsvenskan||26||14
|-
|2005||Malmo FF||Allsvenskan||12||4
|-
|2005/06||rowspan="2"|Ajax||rowspan="2"|Eredivisie||31||12
|-
|2006/07||9||0
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="4"|Werder Bremen||rowspan="4"|Bundesliga||14||8
|-
|2007/08||30||14
|-
|2008/09||29||7
|-
|2009/10||||
78||22
40||12
73||29
191||63
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2005||6||3
|-
|2006||6||1
|-
|2007||7||2
|-
|2008||7||0
|-
|2009||4||0
|-
!Total||30||6
|}
References
1982 births
Living people
Swedish footballers
People from Malmo
Toucy

Toucy is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Down (Jay Sean song)

"Down" is the first single by English singer Jay Sean featuring rapper Lil Wayne. The song is the first single from Jay Sean's third studio album All or Nothing. The song was released in 31 May 2009 on U.S. radio and on 30 June 2009 through digital retailers.
Down sold over four million copies in the United States and six million copies worldwide. It also received a large amount of airplay from two billion listener impressions on radio worldwide.
The song was able to reach number 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and overtook the Black Eyed Peas after their 26 week reign at number one. It made Jay Sean the first British act to reach a Billboard Hot 100 number-one single since Coldplay's "Viva la Vida" in 2008, as well as the fourth British act overall this decade. It is the best-selling single by a British/European male artist in North America since Elton John's "Candle in the Wind" in 1997.It is also the first by a British Asian artist since Freddie Mercury in 1980.
The song has also been covered by pop punk band Destine as a stand alone single and by electronic rock band Breathe Carolina for the compilation album Punk Goes Pop 3.
References
Other websites
2009 songs
Lil Wayne songs
Billboard Hot 100 number one songs
R&B songs
Google Fiber

Google Fiber is a company within the Alphabet holding. Its main product is a project to create an infrastructure for a broadband Internet access network using fiber optics. The project has been implemented in two parts of the Kansas City metropolitan area (Kansas City, Missouri, and Kansas City, Kansas). Still, expansion is planned in Kansas City North, Kansas City South, Westwood, Westwood Hills, and Mission Woods. The city-pioneer was chosen by competition. Google announced its choice on March 30, 2011.
By July 2012, the network infrastructure was successfully laid and ready for operation. At the same time, Google announced tariff plans for accessing the network. Three projects were offered: free broadband, 1Gbps for $70/month, and the previous version with TV service for $120/month. In addition to Internet access, subscribers get one terabyte of Google Drive storage, and TV plan subscribers also get a DVR with two terabytes of storage for recording TV shows. It is noteworthy that the video recorder can record up to 8 TV channels simultaneously, and the Nexus 7 is included with the TV set, which is used as a remote control to control the entire system. In addition, the TV service can stream video to iPads and Android tablets.
References
American internet service providers
Google
Perforation

Perforation means lines of punching holes made in any material. It is used in making paper objects like stamps or tickets, and along the edges of movies.
In philately, there are three types of the cutting of postage stamps for stamp separation, including:
Perforation, or cutting rows and columns of small holes.
Rouletting, or small horizontal and vertical cuts.
Diecutting, or cutting paper to shape using a metal die (used for self-adhesive stamps).
Related pages
Postage stamp
Other websites
Technology
Postage stamps
Redhill, Surrey

Redhill is a town in the borough of Reigate and Banstead in Surrey, England. The town is part of the London commuter belt. The town of Reigate is to the west and Greater London is to the north. In 2001, the town, including the two large southern neighbourhoods of Earlswood and Whitebushes, had a total resident population of approximately 26,000 people.
Other websites
Towns in Surrey
SkyTeam

SkyTeam is the world's second largest airline alliance. Its headquarters are on the grounds of Amsterdam Airport Schiphol near Amsterdam, Netherlands. SkyTeam was founded or established in 2000 by five airlines, Aeromexico, Air France, Delta Air Lines, and Korean Air. It was the last of the three major airline alliances to be established after Star Alliance and Oneworld. Though it was the last of three airline alliances to be established it is second only behind Star Alliance by number of passengers and number of member airlines. As of December 2013, SkyTeam is made up of 19 airlines from five continents, and operates with the slogan "Caring more about you".
SkyTeam flies to more than 1,000 destinations in 178 countries, and operates some 15,200 daily flights with a combined fleet of over 4,300 aircraft, including associate carriers. , the alliance and its members had a total workforce of 452,590; furthermore, it had 530 lounges worldwide to serve 569 million annual passengers.
Members
Founding member.
Past members
Alitalia
Continental Airlines
Copa Airlines
Northwest Airlines
References
Other websites
Official website of SkyTeam
Airline alliances
Lisa Nandy

Lisa Eva Nandy (born 9 August 1979) is a British Labour Party politician. She has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Wigan since 2010. She was Shadow Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change from September 2015 until June 2016. She became the Shadow Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs on 5 April 2020.
Nandy ran in the 2020 Labour Party leadership election. Out of three candidates she came in third place and received 79,597 votes, representing 16.2% of the total vote.
A day after the 2020 Labour Party leadership election on 5 April 2020, the winning candidate, Keir Starmer, appointed Nandy in the shadow cabinet in the role of Shadow Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs.
References
1979 births
Living people
UK MPs 2010-2015
UK MPs 2015-2017
UK MPs 2017-2019
UK MPs 2019-present
Labour Party (UK) MPs
Politicians from Manchester
Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)

The Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action) (Spanish: Partido Comunista Chileno (Accion Proletaria) PC(AP)) is a non-registered hard-line communist political party in Chile. It was founded in November 8, 1979 and its first secretary is Eduardo Artes.
Ideology
The party believes in classical Marxism-Leninism. The party is highly critical of the more known Communist Party of Chile and its moderate views.
Representation
The party has no parliamentary representation due to their non-registered status.
Other websites
PC(AP) Official website
Communist parties
1979 establishments
20th-century establishments in Chile
1970s establishments in South America
Political parties in Chile
Debendra Nath Roy

Debendra Nath Roy (1955 - 13 July 2020) was an Indian politician. He was elected to the West Bengal Legislative Assembly from Hemtabad in 2016 as a member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and later joined Bharatiya Janata Party.
Roy was found dead on 13 July 2020, hanging in front of a shop at Balia More, Raiganj. His family claimed that the death was not a suicide.
References
1955 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from asphyxiation
Indian communist politicians
Politicians from West Bengal
Kathleen Ferrier

Kathleen Ferrier (22 April 1912 - 8 October 1953) was an English contralto singer. She got an international reputation for being a concert, stage and recording artist.
Ferrier was born in Higher Walton, Lancashire. Ferrier was diagnosed with breast cancer in 1951. She died aged 41 at University College Hospital, London.
Other websites
Cancer deaths in England
Contraltos
Deaths from breast cancer
English singers
Musicians from Lancashire
English opera singers
1912 births
1953 deaths
Badrinath

Badrinath is an important pilgrimage place for the Hindus. The place is in Uttarakhand state of India, and is located at a high altitude in the Himalayas. The Hindu scriptures say that the place is sacred to Vishnu, one of the gods of Hindus.
Badrinath gets its name from a tree's name. The name of that tree is badri-tree or Indian Jujube tree. The botanical name of a badri-tree is Zizyphus jujba Lam.
The modern Badrinath temple was established by Adi Shankaracharya in the ninth century after the old temple fell to ruin. The Badrinath area is referred to as Badarikaashram (bdrikaashrm) in Hindu scriptures.
The temple was renovated many times because of age or damage by avalanche. In the 17th century, the temple was renovated by the kings of Garhwal. After the great 1803 Himalayan earthquake, it was rebuilt by the King of Jaipur.
Hindu temples
Temples in India
9th-century establishments in Asia
Establishments in India
Kontinental Hockey League

The Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) () is an international professional ice hockey league in Eurasia founded in 2008.
Teams in 2021-22
References
Ice hockey leagues
2008 establishments
Saponay

Saponay is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Villarroya de la Sierra

Villarroya de la Sierra is a municipality in the Province of Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain. In 2004, 622 people lived here.
References
Municipalities in Aragon
U.S. Open (golf)

The U.S. Open is a golf tournament, which is one of the four major championships played annually. It is organized by the United States Golf Association. The torunament takes place annually on the third weekend in June, and the host course changes every year.
Past winners
References
Golf tournaments
Sports in the United States
1895 establishments in the United States
Robert Easton

Robert Easton (November 23, 1930 - December 16, 2011) was an American movie, voice, television, and stage actor who has a career span of 60 years. He is known for his change in voices in different movies, earning him the nickname "The Man of a Thousand Voices". He was born on November 23, 1930 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He was never married and had no children. Easton died on December 16, 2011 in Los Angeles, California from natural cuases. He was 81 years old.
References
Other websites
1930 births
2011 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Milwaukee
Wikipediocracy

Wikipediocracy is an Internet forum in English. It was founded in March 2012. It lets people who sign up talk about Wikipedia and the Wikimedia Foundation. It is like the Wikipedia Review, another website for talking about how people feel about Wikipedia and the organisations and people that run it.
History
Wikipediocracy was created by users of the website the Wikipedia Review in March 2012. It says it shows how Wikipedia works and that there are problems with Wikipedia. It says there is corruption at Wikipedia and also that there are problems with the way it was built. A reporter for The Daily Dot, which is an online newspaper, has written that Wikipediocracy exposes the bad side of Wikipedia.
In 2013, users of the website gave personal information about "Qworty", a Wikipedia user, to a writer for Salon, an online newspaper. They revealed his offline identity, along with bad things he had been doing, and the writer published it on Salon.
References
Wikis
2012 establishments
Wikimedia
Buchi Emecheta

Buchi Emecheta OBE (21 July 1944, in Yaba, Lagos - 25 January 2017 in London) was a Nigerian writer. Her first novel, In the Ditch, was published in 1972. Her second novel was published in 1974. The novel is set in London, where Emecheta lived when she wrote it. Emecheta's most well known novel is The Joys of Motherhood.
Personal life
Emecheta married Sylvester Onwordi when she was sixteen. She had two children. In 1962 she moved with her husband to London. There she had three more children.
Emecheta died in her sleep at her home in London on 25 January 2017 from complications of a stroke, aged 72.
References
1944 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Members of the Order of the British Empire
Writers from Lagos
Politicians from Lagos
Charles Bachman

Charles William "Charlie" Bachman III (December 11, 1924 - July 13, 2017) was an American computer scientist. He spent his entire career as an industrial researcher, developer, and manager rather than in academia. He is particularly known for his work in the early development of database management systems. The Bachman diagrams are named after him. He won the Turing Award in 1973.
Bachman died on July 13, 2017 at his home in Lexington, Massachusetts of Parkinson's disease at the age of 92.
References
Turing Award winners
1924 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Disease-related deaths in Massachusetts
American computer scientists
Scientists from Kansas
Kenta Suzuki

Kenta Suzuki (born 16 September 1985) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Sagamihara.
Club career statistics
|-
|2004||rowspan="4"|Ventforet Kofu||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||5||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0
|-
|2005||3||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||6||0||0||0||3||0||9||0
|-
|2007||15||0||0||0||5||0||20||0
29||0||1||0||8||0||38||0
29||0||1||0||8||0||38||0
|}
References
1985 births
Living people
Footballers from Kanagawa Prefecture
Qadr Night

Laylat al-Qadr () (also known as Shab-e-Qadr), basically the Night of Decree or Night of Measures, is the anniversary of two very important dates in Islam. They occurred in the month of Ramadan. It is the anniversary of the night Muslims believe the first verses of the Qur'an were revealed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
References
Other websites
An old book from 1683 that talks about the Night of Destiny
Islamic calendar
Arabic words and phrases
Chicken Dance

The "Chicken Dance", also known as the Bird Song, the Birdie Song, the Bird Dance or the Chicken Song, is an oom-pah song. It is seen as a fad dance is now a contemporary dance throughout the Western world. The song was composed by accordion player Werner Thomas from Davos, Switzerland, in the 1950s.
References
Dances
The Zany Adventures of Robin Hood

The Zany Adventures of Robin Hood (1984) is a parody movie of the story of Robin Hood.
Starring
George Segal as Robin Hood
Morgan Fairchild as Lady Marian
Roddy McDowall as Prince John
Janet Suzman as Eleanor of Aquitaine
Tom Baker as Sir Guy of Gisbourne
Neil Hallett as the Sheriff of Nottingham
Robert Hardy as King Richard
Roy Kinnear as Friar Tuck
Robin Nedwell as Will Scarlet
Michelle Newell as Rebecca
Pat Roach as Little John
Guest starring
Kenneth Griffith as Isaac of York
Melvyn Hayes as Father Luther
Michael Hordern as Rupert
Other Cast
Aubrey Morris as Archbishop
Bruce Purchase as Moishe
Roger Ashton-Griffiths as 1st Coachman
Paul Brooks as 2nd Coachman
Angus Lennie as Scott Kelly
Tony Steedman as Bank President
Fenella Fielding as Molly
John Louis Mansi as Reuben
Kelly Summers as Miss Jones
Melanie Hughes as Miss Sanders
Colin Higgins as Irving
Peter Brayham as Yehoudi
Marc Boyle as Bernie
Andrew Lodge as Lord Exeter
Angela Grant as Lady Exeter
Su Elliot as Alice
Chris Webb as 1st Merryman
Del Baker as 2nd Merryman
Terence Plummer as 3rd Merryman
Steve Dent as 4th Merryman
Peter Brace as Captain of Guards
Fred Haggerty as 1st Guard
Fred Powell as 2nd Guard
Dinny Powell as 3rd Guard
George Lane Cooper as 4th Guard
Derek Lyons as 5th Guard
William Morgan Sheppard as Saxon thief
Freddie Jones
Marianne Stone
Other websites
1984 movies
1980s comedy movies
Movies set in England
Movies set in forests
Movies set in castles
Robin Hood
Jetstar Airways

Jetstar Airways is a low-cost airline. It was established by Qantas to counter the expansion of Virgin Blue in Australia. It flies to many domestic and international destinations. Its main airport is Melbourne Airport.
Sister companies
Jetstar Asia (Singapore)
Jetstar Hong Kong (Hong Kong)
Jetstar Japan (Japan)
Jetstar Pacific Airlines (in Vietnam)
History
In 2003 Qantas bought the bankrupt Impulse Airlines, and established Jetstar as a low-cost domestic subsidiary. In February 2004 Jetstar Airways start selling tickets to passengers for her flights.
On 1 December, 2005 she started flying to 1st international airport in Christchurch, New Zealand.
Other websites
Jetstar Airways
Low-cost airlines
Airlines of Australia
2000s establishments in Australia
2004 establishments
Airlines of Oceania
Transport in Melbourne
Bill English (actor)

William Andrew "Bill" English (born April 8, 1980 in Rochester, New York) is an American actor. He is best known as playing the role of "Joel" in the ABC television series Cavemen.
Other websites
1980 births
American television actors
Living people
Actors from New York (state)
People from Rochester, New York
Zelman Cowen

Sir Zelman Cowen (7 October 1919 - 8 December 2011) was an Australian legal scholar and university administrator. He served as the 19th Governor-General of Australia from 1977 to 1982, under Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser. He was the second Jewish person to be Governor-General of Australia (the first being Sir Isaac Isaacs). He also served as the Provost of Oriel College, Oxford from 1982 to 1990. Before this, he was the Vice-Chancellor of the University of New England (1966-1970) and the University of Queensland (1970-1977).
Cowen was born in Melbourne, Victoria to a Jewish family. His father from Belarus and his mother was Australian. In 1945, he married to Anna Wittner. The couple had four children.
Cowen had Parkinson's disease in his later years of life. He died on 8 December 2011 in Toorak, Victoria, at the age of 92.
References
Other websites
Zelman Cowen tribute at the University of Sydney website
1919 births
2011 deaths
Governors-General of Australia
Australian Jews
Australian lawyers
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Disease-related deaths in Victoria (Australia)
Order of Australia
People from Melbourne
Knights Bachelor
Knights of the Order of St John
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order
Menoitios

Menoitios (or Menoetius) was the Titan god (perhaps) of violent anger, rash action, and human mortality. Zeus struck him down with a thunderbolt and sent him to Erebos (the Underworld) as punishment for his hybristic behaviour.
He was a son of Iapetus and Clymene or Asia, and a brother of Atlas, Prometheus and Epimetheus. He was struck by Zeus with a flash of lightning, in the fight of the Titans, and thrown into Tartarus but he was not killed. (Hes. Theog. 507, &c., 514; Apollod. i. 2. SS 3; Schol. ad Aeschyl. Prom. 347.)
The name Menoitios was derives from the Greek words menos meaning variously might, force, spirit, passion, batterage, and oitos meaning ill-fated or doomed. Hesiod also describes him as hybristes, a violent, overbearing and insolent man. Menoitios and his brothers, the sons of Iapetos, were all depicted with extreme human foibles: Prometheus was overly crafty, Epimetheus a fool, and Atlas exceedingly daring.
Menoitios was perhaps identical to Menoites the herdsman of Hades, whom Herakles wrestled with in the underworld. This connection with cattle, suggests that he was also the same as Bouphagos (the Cattle Eater) son of Iapetos, a hybristic man who attacked the goddess Artemis in Arkadia.
Titans
Mario Tennis

Mario Tennis is a video game released for the Nintendo 64 in 2000. It was developed by Camelot Software Planning and published by Nintendo.
Nintendo 64 games
Wrotham

Wrotham is a village in Tonbridge and Malling, Kent, England. Nearly 2,000 people live in Wrotham. Its postcode is TN15.
Villages in Kent
The Sandman (short story)

The Sandman (short story) is a short story by Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann, which he wrote in 1817. It's a science fiction horror story.
Plot
When he was a child, Nathaniel snuck out of his room at night and watched his father work with an alchemist named Coppelius on creating robots called automatons. When Nathaniel was scared and screamed, Coppelius decided to take his eyes out of his head and put them in an automaton but Nathaniel's father stopped him so Nathaniel woke up thinking it was a nightmare. Years later a man named Coppola came to Nathaniel to sell him glasses and Nathaniel threatened to throw him out a window because he reminded him of Coppelius. Nathaniel wrote to his girlfriend Clara and her brother Lothar telling them what happened to him in his childhood but they think it's a false memory so Nathaniel breaks up with Clara. After Professor Spallanzani tells Nathaniel that Coppola comes from Italy and Coppelius is from Germany, Nathaniel buys a telescope from Coppola. Then Nathaniel sees Spallanzani's daughter Olympia with the telescope and falls in love with her. Then Coppelius tears her human eyes out of her machine head and runs away as it turns out Olympia is an automaton. Nathaniel has a nervous breakdown and starts to have psychosis. After Nathaniel gets better he decides to marry Clara but then he sees Coppelius with the telescope and goes violently insane. Nathaniel kills himself and Coppelius tears his eyes out of his head and runs away laughing with them probably planning to use them when making new automatons.
Freud's analysis
Sigmund Freud wrote an essay on The Sandman in which he came up with the idea of the uncanny which is also the source of the idea of the uncanny valley.
Short stories
Kaun Banega Crorepati

Kaun Banega Crorepati is a Hindi language television show. It is a game show similar to the popular Who Wants to be a Millionaire?
The show was hosted by Amitabh Bachchan in seasons 1, 2, and 4 to the present, and Shah Rukh Khan in the third season. It was broadcast by Star Plus for the first 3 seasons and produced by Sony Entertainment Television through 2021. As of 23rd August 2021, it has 13 seasons. The show was originally called Kaun Banega Lakhpati. The author and creator of the Indian version is Siddharth Basu.
References
Hindi-language television series
Indian television series
Family Channel (Canadian TV channel)

Family Channel is a Canadian English language television channel. It is Canada's most popular children's channel. Originally it was a joint venture between Allarcom Pay Television and the operators of First Choice (now The Movie Network). The network was most recently sold by Bell Media for $170 million. Family Jr
Programming
References
Other websites
Canadian television channels
DHX Media
Walter Payton

Walter Payton (July 25, 1954 - November 1, 1999) was an American football player. He was born in Columbia, Mississippi. Payton played for the Chicago Bears from 1975 to 1987. The Bears won Super Bowl XX in 1985. Payton was made a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1993. He died of cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer) in 1999.
Other websites
Payton34.com - Walter and Connie Payton Foundation
Walter Payton's Roundhouse.com
Walter Payton Cancer Fund.org - official site
1954 births
1999 deaths
Deaths from cholangiocarcinoma
American football running backs
Chicago Bears players
Sportspeople from Mississippi
Plogoff

Plogoff () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistere department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Finistere
Pauligne

Pauligne is a commune of 357 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
Communes in Aude
Sicko

Sicko was a 2007 documentary movie made by Michael Moore. It explores the American health care system, and compares it to the United Kingdom's, Canada's, France's and Cuba's. It made $24.5 million, making it the third-highest grossing documentary of all time.
References
Other websites
2007 documentary movies
American documentary movies
American independent movies
Redcar

Redcar is a town near Middlesbrough in North Yorkshire, England.
Towns in North Yorkshire
Port cities and towns of England
Middle of the Road (song)

"Middle of the Road" is a 1983 song by The Pretenders and was taken from their third studio album Learning to Crawl. It went to number 12 in Canada, number 19 in the United States, number 28 in Belgium, number 52 in Australia and number 81 in the United Kingdom. In 1989 it was donated to Greenpeace.
References
1983 songs
The Pretenders songs
Phumulani

Phumulani is a nonprofit organization dedicated to preventing domestic violence and sexual abuse in communities of color throughout Minnesota and globally.
History
Phumulani was founded by Comfort Dondo, a survivor of childhood sexual abuse and domestic violence. Born and raised in Zimbabwe and now residing in Minnesota, Comfort's struggle with domestic violence was compounded by the inability of women's shelters in America to provide the language, cultural and societal resources she and her children needed to feel safe and supported. Often, she found herself back in her abuser's home with no alternative.
Now free from the dangerous situation, Comfort wants to make sure women and children of African descent have the cultural resources they need to feel comfortable in sharing their stories and recovering from their experiences. She understands firsthand that individuals who have fled African countries to save their lives often have lasting trauma that needs to be acknowledged and treated holistically to ensure long-term progress.
Meaning of the name Phumulani
Comfort created Phumulani, named for a Zulu word meaning "lover of peace," as a way of helping African immigrants and refugees in Minnesota. It is truly a place where survivors of gender-based abuse and violence can find peace and recovery.
Mission of Phumulani
To stop violence and abuse of women and children. Phumulani is a non-profit organization dedicated to preventing domestic violence and sexual abuse in communities of color throughout Minnesota and the nation. By providing culturally-specific resources to women and girls of African descent, we hope to change the cycle of gender-based abuse in the vulnerable populations.
References
Non-profit organizations of the United States
Domestic violence
Michael Johnson (singer)

Michael Johnson (August 8, 1944 - July 25, 2017) was an American pop, country and folk singer-songwriter and guitarist.
Johnson was best known for his 1978 hit song "Bluer Than Blue". He charted four hits on the Billboard Hot 100 charts, and nine more on the Hot Country Songs charts, including two Number One country hits in 1986's "Give Me Wings" and "The Moon Is Still Over Her Shoulder". He also co-wrote "Cain's Blood", the debut single of 1990s country group 4 Runner.
Johnson died in Minneapolis, Minnesota on July 25, 2017 after suffering from a long-illness at the age of 72.
References
Other websites
1944 births
2017 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Minnesota
American singer-songwriters
American pop singers
American pop musicians
American country guitarists
American country singers
American folk singers
American folk musicians
Singers from Colorado
Musicians from Colorado
Writers from Colorado
Bolesław I the Brave

Boleslaw I the Brave (Polish Boleslaw I Chrobry) (967 June 17, 1025) was the duke of Poland from 992 to April 18, 1025 and King of Poland from April 18 to June 17, 1025. He was also a duke of Bohemia known as Boleslav IV from 1003 to 1004. He was the son of Mieszko I, first known ruler of Poland.
Conquests
Boleslav wasn't aggressive as long as his friend - the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire lived. After his death in 1002, Boleslav started the imperial policy. During the chaos in Reich, duke conquered the border areas : Lusatia and Meissen. When finally Henry II took over the German Throne, he accepted annexiation of Lusatia, giving it to Bolslav as a fiefdom, and giving Meissen to his ally - Gunzelin. In 1003 the duke of Bohemia - Vladivoj, died. This death caused intervention in Czechia, where Boleslav put on the throne Boleslav III, that was banished before. In the same year, probably thanks to requests of the Czech opposition, Boleslav (Polish one) put out the Boleslav's (Czech one) eyes and become the Duke of Bohemia himself. He wouldn't like to pay tribute to the German Emperor, like did the Czech dukes, and that was an excuse, that started Polish - German War from 1003 -1018.
We know 7 children of Boleslaw I. Two of them, Mieszko II Lambert and Bezprym ruled Poland after his death.
Interesting Facts
The King introduced new law - any man that will sleep with multiple woman will be taken to the bridge and his private areas will be nailed to it. Then he will be left with knife and choice - either die on the bridge over the time or cut himself. This simple rule caused - until now pogan - culture to promote sacred life with one partner only.
Image of Boleslaw the Brave is on 20 zlotys paper money
References
967 births
1025 deaths
Polish dukes
Kings of Poland
Piast dynasty
Le Parcq

Le Parcq is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Star Alliance

Star Alliance is the world's first and largest airline alliance. Its headquarters are in Frankfurt, Hesse, Germany. It was founded in 1999 by five airlines: Scandinavian Airlines, Thai Airways International, Air Canada, Lufthansa, and United Airlines. Varig Brazilian Airlines was the first airline to join, in 1997. In 2013, the alliance now has 28 member airlines with more than 21,100 daily departures combined. These flights fly to 1,329 airports in more than 150 countries, carrying 678.7 million passengers.
Members
Founding member.
Left alliance on 30 March 2014 and moved to Oneworld with LAN Airlines.
Left alliance in early 2014 upon completion of merger with American Airlines.
Past members
Adria Airways
Ansett Australia
Blue1
bmi
Continental Airlines
Mexicana de Aviacion
Shanghai Airlines
Spanair
TACA Airlines
TAM Airlines
US Airways
Varig Brazilian Airlines
References
Other websites
1997 establishments in Germany
Jeff Clayton

Jeff Clayton (February 16, 1954 - December 17, 2020) was an American jazz alto saxophonist and flautist. He was born in Los Angeles. He recorded with Gladys Knight, Kenny Rogers, Michael Jackson, Patti Labelle, and Madonna. Clayton founded The Clayton Brothers in 1977, and later formed the Clayton-Hamilton Jazz Orchestra with Jeff Hamilton.
Clayton died on December 17, 2020 from kidney cancer-related problems in Los Angeles at the age of 66.
References
1954 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from kidney cancer
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
American saxophonists
American jazz musicians
Musicians from Los Angeles
Koro Wētere

Koro Tainui Wetere (22 June 1935 - 23 June 2018) was a New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1969 to 1996, representing the Labour Party. He served as Minister of Maori Affairs from 1984 to 1990. He was a member of the Ngati Maniapoto tribe.
Wetere died in Te Kuiti on 23 June 2018, one day after turning 83.
References
1935 births
2018 deaths
New Zealand politicians
Carl von Ossietzky

Carl von Ossietzky (3 October 1889 - 4 May 1938) was a German journalist and peacemaker. He was awarded the 1935 Nobel Peace Prize because he exposed the secret German re-armament. He was convicted of treason and spying afterwards.
References
Other websites
Nobel prize biography
1889 births
1938 deaths
German Nobel Prize winners
Niederönz

Niederonz is a municipality in the administrative district of Oberaargau in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.
Niederonz is west of Herzogenbuchsee.
References
Other websites
Official Website
Municipalities of Bern
Roxana, Illinois

Roxana is a city in Illinois in the United States.
Cities in Illinois
Coma Berenices

Coma Berenices is a constellation in the northern sky.
Deep-sky objects
Black Eye galaxy
References
Other websites
Constellations
Gérard Genette

Gerard Genette (7 June 1930 - 11 May 2018) was a French literary theorist. He was born in Paris. His works were about the structuralist movement and such figures as Roland Barthes and Claude Levi-Strauss. He adapted the concept of bricolage. He was awarded the Officer of the Order of Arts and Letters in 2016.
After leaving the French Communist Party, Genette was a member of Socialisme ou Barbarie during 1957-8. Among other positions, Genette was research director at the Ecole des hautes etudes en sciences sociales and a visiting professor at Yale University.
Genette died on 11 May 2018 at the age of 87.
References
1930 births
2018 deaths
French educators
French socialists
French literary critics
Writers from Paris
Tendon

A tendon (or sinew) is a tough band of tissue that connects muscle to bone. It is built to withstand tension. Tendons are similar to ligaments except that ligaments join one bone to another. Tendons and muscles work together, roughly as follows. When muscles contract, the tendon transmits the pull to the bone.
Anatomy
A tendon connects to a muscle at one end, and to bone at the other end. Each tendon has these two "insertions".
Collagen fibres connect the muscle to the bones. A tendon inserts into bone at one end, and into the muscle at the other end.
Tendons do not create any pulling force of their own. The tendons transfer the force of muscles pulling on the bone. Unlike elastin (another bodily tissue) tendons have very little "give".
Tendons are often connected to joints.
Skeletal system
Sheila Oliver

Sheila Y. Oliver (July 14, 1952 - August 1, 2023) was an American politician. In 2018, she became the Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey. She was in the New Jersey General Assembly from 2004 to 2018. She also was the Speaker of the New Jersey General Assembly for two terms, from January 12, 2010, to January 14, 2014, as a member of the Democratic Party.
Oliver was hospitalized for a medical emergency in Livingston, New Jersey on July 31, 2023. She died the next day at the age of 71.
References
1952 births
2023 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Lieutenant Governors of New Jersey
Politicians from Newark, New Jersey
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
African American politicians
West 11

West 11 is a 1963 British crime drama movie directed by Michael Winner and based on the 1961 novel The Furnished Room by Laura Del-Rivo. It stars Alfred Lynch, Diana Dors, Eric Portman, Freda Jackson, Finlay Currie, Brian Wilde, Kathleen Breck, Patrick Wymark, Larry Dann, David Hemmings, Francesca Annis.
Other websites
1963 crime movies
1963 drama movies
1960s crime drama movies
British crime drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Michael Winner
Pavel Vranský

Pavel Vransky (29 April 1921 - 24 June 2018) was a Czech brigadier general. He was known for serving during the Siege of Tobruk. He is a recipient of the War Cross and Medal of Merit He was born in Lipnik nad Becvou.
Vransky died on 24 June 2018 in Lipnik, aged 97.
References
1921 births
Living people
Czech people
Generals
Chanverrie

Chanverrie is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2019 and consists of the former communes of La Verrie (the seat) and Chambretaud.
References
2019 establishments in France
Communes in Vendee
S. Truett Cathy

Samuel Truett Cathy (March 14, 1921 - September 8, 2014) was an American businessman, philanthropist and restaurateur. He was the founder of fast food restaurant chain Chick-fil-A. The chain is based in suburban Atlanta, Georgia. He stepped down from his role as CEO and chairman in November 2013, and gave the roles to his son, Dan. He was a billionaire.
Cathy was born in Eatonton, Georgia. He was a Southern Baptist. He was married to Jeanette. They had three children; Trudy, Bubba and Dan.
Cathy died after a long illness on September 8, 2014 in Hampton, Georgia, aged 93.
References
Other websites
1921 births
2014 deaths
American Baptists
American billionaires
American philanthropists
Businesspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)
Disease-related deaths in Georgia (U.S. state)
Restaurateurs
Muscovy duck

The Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) is a duck from the Americas, from Texas in the north to Uruguay in the south. Feral Muscovy ducks are found in New Zealand, Australia, and in Central and Eastern Europe.
Ecology
The Muscovy duck is non-migratory species which normally lives in forested swamps, lakes, streams, nearby grassland, and farm crops, and usually roost in trees at nighttime. The duck's diet consists of roots, stems, leaves, seeds of aquatic plants and grasses as well as terrestrial plants including agricultural crops obtained by grazing or dabbling in shallow water. It may also eat small fish, amphibians, reptiles, crustaceans, insects, millipedes, and worms. The Muscovy is an aggressive duck; males tend to fight over food, territory or mates. The females fight with each other less often. Some adults will peck at the ducklings if they are eating at the same food source.
References
Ducks
Birds of Central America
Birds of South America
Bedchamber crisis

Bedchamber crisis is the name given to a number of events that happened in 1839, when the Whigs lost the election, and only had a minority rule. As a consequence of the defeat, Lord Melbourne stepped down, and Robert Peel was given the task to form a new government. The Bedchamber crisis relates to the behaviour of Queen Victoria, who was twenty years old, at the time. The queen had a close relationship with the prime minister, and also listened to him, when it came to choosing Ladies-in-waiting. As a result, most ladies in waiting were the wives or relatives of leading Whig politicians. Peel, who was a Tory, asked the queen to re-elect the ladies, so that their allegiance to parties would be more neutral. This would have meant that some of the ladies would have to be replaced. Victoria saw the ladies as friends, and therefore refused. In addition, the queen had little sympathy for Peel. Given the circumstances, Peel refused the task to form a new government. Lord Ashley, who was to become Lord Shaftsbury was offered the post of prime minister, but he also refused. As a result, the Whigs and Lord Melbourne stayed in power. The refusal of the queen to replace some of the ladies in waiting was met with criticism.
1830s in the United Kingdom
1839
Politics of the United Kingdom