pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
2015 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A

The 2015 Campeonato Brasileiro Serie A (officially the Brasileirao Chevrolet 2015 for sponsorship reasons) was the 59th edition of the Campeonato Brasileiro Serie A, the top-level of professional football in Brazil. After winning twice in a row in the 2013 and 2014 seasons, Cruzeiro came in defending their title as the Brazilian football champions. Corinthians won the title.
Teams
Stadia and locations
Results
2015 Campeonato Brasileiro Serie A - Results of first round
2015 Campeonato Brasileiro Serie A - Results of second round
Season statistics
Top scorers
Top assists
Hat-tricks
4 Player scored 4 goals.
References
Source: ESPN FC & Globo
2015 in association football
Campeonato Brasileiro Serie A
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Beurnevésin

Beurnevesin is a municipality of the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Jura
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group

The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) is an informal international group of botanists who came together to get a consensus on the taxonomy of flowering plants (angiosperms). They wanted to base it on plant relationships got from phylogeny.
Four versions of a classification system have come from this collaboration. They were published in 1998, 2003, 2009 and 2016. Earlier angiosperm classifications were not based on monophyletic groups (i.e., groups that include all the descendants of a common ancestor).
Principles of the APG system
The principles of the APG's approach to classification were set out in the first paper of 1998, and have remained unchanged in subsequent revisions. Briefly, these are:
The Linnean system of orders and families should be kept.
"The family is central in flowering plant systematics". Classifying families in orders is a "reference tool of broad utility". Orders are of particular value in teaching, and in studying family relationships.
Groups should be monophyletic (i.e. consist of all descendants of a common ancestor).
The main reason why existing systems are rejected is because they do not have this property. They are not proved to be phylogenetic.
A limited number of larger orders will be more useful than lots of small orders.
Above or parallel to the level of orders and families, the term clades is used more freely. Some clades have later been given formal names. The authors say that it is "not possible, nor is it desirable" to name all clades in a phylogenetic tree. However, systematists need to agree on names for some clades, particularly orders and families, for communication and discussion.
For a detailed discussion on phylogenetic nomenclature, see Cantino et al 2007.
The latest version is APG IV.
Reference
Plant taxonomy
Scientific organizations
Gottmadingen

Gottmadingen is a municipality of the district Konstanz in the state of Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany. As of 2018, 10,656 people lived there.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities in Baden-Wurttemberg
Konstanz (district)
Set partitioning in hierarchical trees

SPIHT (set partitioning in hierarchical trees) is a compression algorithm intended for compression of wavelet transform coefficients. It was introduced by Amir Said and William A. Pearlman in 1996. Its predecessor was EZW coding algorithm.
More practically, SPIHT progressively transforms these coefficients into a bit stream. This stream can be anywhere cut off. During decoding coefficients are increasingly refined.
References
Algorithms
Digital signal processing
Raila Odinga

Raila Amolo Odinga (born 7 January 1945) also popularly known to his supporters as Agwambo, is a Kenyan politician. He was the last Prime Minister of Kenya. He was elected in 2008. He was leading to a coalition government from 2008 to 2013. He was the last prime minister of Kenya until the position was abolished in 2013.
Raila Odinga was born at Maseno Church Missionary Society Hospital, in Maseno, Kisumu District, Nyanza Province on 7 January 1945.
Odinga has unsuccessfully ran for President of Kenya five times, most recently in the 2022 election.
References
Other websites
http://allafrica.com/stories/201002100793.html
http://www.biddho.com/horn-of-africa/kenya/21456-raila-odinga-embroiled-in-261-million-maize-scandal-in-kenya-newstime-africa.html
Raila Odinga personal site
Office of the Prime Minister - Kenya
Raila Odinga - Profile, Biography & Timeline
Raila Odinga political biography
An Audience with Raila - (video - London Sep 7th 2007)
An open letter to Hon. Raila Amolo Odinga by Jerry Okungu, Posted On: 2007-11-28
1945 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Kenya
Mehdi Mahdavikia

Mehdi Mahdavikia (born 24 July 1977) is an Iranian football player. He plays for Steel Azin and Iran national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1995/96||rowspan="3"|Persepolis||rowspan="3"|Azadegan League||11||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||11||1
|-
|1996/97||28||9||2||2||7||1||37||12
|-
|1998/99||15||8||0||0||4||3||19||11
|-
|1998/99||Bochum||Bundesliga||12||3||0||0||colspan="2"|-||12||3
|-
|1999/00||rowspan="8"|Hamburger SV||rowspan="8"|Bundesliga||29||4||1||0||0||0||30||4
|-
|2000/01||29||5||1||1||2||0||32||6
|-
|2001/02||10||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||10||1
|-
|2002/03||26||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||26||2
|-
|2003/04||30||5||0||0||2||0||32||5
|-
|2004/05||26||2||0||0||0||0||26||2
|-
|2005/06||31||5||0||0||9||0||40||5
|-
|2006/07||27||2||0||0||6||0||33||2
|-
|2007/08||rowspan="3"|Eintracht Frankfurt||rowspan="3"|Bundesliga||20||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||20||0
|-
|2008/09||12||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||14||0
|-
|2009/10||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2009/10||Steel Azin||Pro League||||||||||||||||
54||18||2||2||11||4||67||24
252||29||4||1||19||0||275||30
306||47||6||3||30||4||342||54
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1996||3||0
|-
|1997||21||5
|-
|1998||17||2
|-
|1999||2||0
|-
|2000||15||2
|-
|2001||11||1
|-
|2002||0||0
|-
|2003||3||0
|-
|2004||10||1
|-
|2005||7||1
|-
|2006||7||0
|-
|2007||6||0
|-
|2008||3||1
|-
|2009||6||0
|-
!Total||111||13
|}
References
1977 births
Living people
Iranian footballers
Sportspeople from Tehran
Kiawentiio Tarbell

Kiawenti:io Tarbell (born 28 April 2006), also mononymously known as Kiawentiio, is a Canadian Mohawk actress, singer-songwriter, and visual artist. She is known for playing Ka'kwet in the third season of the CBC series Anne with an E (2017). She is set to play Katara in the upcoming Netflix live-action remake of Avatar: The Last Airbender. She will voice a character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe animated series What If...? (2021).
References
Other websites
Living people
2006 births
Canadian movie actors
Canadian television actors
Canadian voice actors
Canadian artists
Canadian singer-songwriters
Actors from Ontario
Canadian child actors
Singers from Ontario
Writers from Ontario
European Rugby Champions Cup

The European Rugby Champions Cup is a major European rugby competition involving the leading clubs from England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, France and Italy. It began in the 1995-96 season as the Heineken Cup, with sponsorship from major brewery Heineken, and kept that name through the 2013-14 season. Disagreements between the leagues that sent teams to the competition led to the end of the Heineken Cup, with the Champions Cup taking its place starting in 2014-15.
Toulouse have won the competition a record four times, Leinster and Toulon three times, while Munster, Leicester Tigers and Wasps have won it twice each. Toulon are the only team to have won three times in a row, winning the last two Heineken Cups in 2013 and 2014 and the first Champions Cup in 2015. The current champions are Saracens.
Rugby union in Europe
European championships
1995 establishments in Europe
Reagill

Reagill is a hamlet in Crosby Ravensworth, Eden, Cumbria, England. It has four listed buildings, including Garden Structure 50 Metres South of Yew Tree Farmhouse, Garden Structure South East of Yew Tree Farmhouse, Reagill Grange and Village Hall.
References
Hamlets in Cumbria
Eden
Little grass frog

The little grass frog, tree frog, least tree frog, black-spotted tree frog, or little chorus frog (Pseudacris ocularis) is a frog. It lives in the southeastern United States. It lives as far north as Virginia and far south as Florida.
The adult frog is long from nose to rear end. It is very small. There is some webbed skin on each foot. The toes have disks on them for climbing. This frog has a stripe on each side of its body, going over each eye.
References
Other websites
Frogs of North America
Bruce McCandless II

Bruce McCandless II (June 8, 1937 - December 21, 2017), (Capt, USN, Ret.), was an American naval officer and aviator, electrical engineer, and NASA astronaut. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. During the first of his two Space Shuttle missions he made the first ever untethered free flight using the Manned Maneuvering Unit in 1984. This action was settled amicably on January 14, 2011.
He logged more than 5,200 hours flying time, including 5,000 hours in jet aircraft.
On December 21, 2017, McCandless died in Denver, Colorado at age 80.
References
Other websites
McCandless' official NASA biography
Astronautix biography of Bruce McCandless
Spacefacts biography of Bruce McCandless
McCandless at Spaceacts
McCandless at Encyclopedia of Science
McCandless at International Space Hall of Fame
1937 births
2017 deaths
American astronauts
Military people from Massachusetts
Engineers from Massachusetts
Scientists from Boston
All Hope Is Gone

All Hope Is Gone is the fourth studio album by American metal band Slipknot. All Hope Is Gone was released on August 20, 2008. The album was released through Roadrunner Records. The album featured the singles "Psychosocial" and "All Hope Is Gone".
Track listing
".execute." - 1:49
"Gematria (The Killing Name)" - 6:01
"Sulfur" - 4:37
"Psychosocial" - 4:43
"Dead Memories" - 4:28
"Vendetta" - 5:15
"Butcher's Hook" - 4:14
"Gehenna" - 6:53
"This Cold Black" - 4:40
"Wherein Lies Continue" - 5:36
"Snuff" - 4:36
"All Hope Is Gone" - 4:44
2008 albums
Slipknot albums
Heavy metal albums
Nu metal albums
Roadrunner Records albums
Sans serif

In typography, a sans serif typeface is one that does not have the tiny feet called "serifs" at the end of strokes.
The term comes from the French word sans, meaning "without" and "serif" from the Dutch word schreef meaning "line".
Sans serif typefaces have been used since the 18th century, but became most used in the twentieth century as the modern art movement developed. Most designers of typefaces were artists. Some were outstanding in other artistic fields, and were part of the wider artistic culture of their times.
The apostle of sans serif was Jan Tschichold (2 April 1902 Leipzig, Germany - 11 August 1974 Locarno, Switzerland), a German-Swiss graphic designer.
Tschichold not only designed typefaces, he showed how they could be used in the design of book printing. He was a chief designer for Penguin Books after the Second World War.
Sans serif faces are most used for display signs, advertising and for headings in books. Although they seem to work well for the text in books, they are much less used for that purpose.
Other names for sans serif
Egyptian
Antique
Grotesque
Doric
Gothic (not to be confused with blackletter)
Lineale, or linear
Simplices
Swiss
References
Typography
Fonts
Michael

Michael [ mahy-kuhl ] is a male Hebrew name, popular in English. It is from the angel Michael in the Bible. (See for example Book of Revelation 12:7) The moniker Michael has been a beloved choice for boys for centuries, boasting a rich history and profound significance that appeals to parents seeking a powerful and meaningful name for their offspring. Originating from the Hebrew name Mikha'el, the name Michael translates to "who is like God?" and holds deep biblical roots. It is closely linked to the archangel Michael, recognized as one of the most potent angels in both Christian and Jewish teachings. Michael is also popular in English speaking countries, and in modified forms, many other countries. This name was ranked #17 on the US Popular Names in 2021.
People
Michael Jackson, American singer, songwriter, and dancer (1958-2009)
Michael Jordan, American basketball player and businessman (born 1963)
Michael Collins (Irish leader), Irish revolutionary leader (1890-1922)
Michael Schumacher, German racing driver
References
Given names
The Changeling (movie)

The Changeling is a 1980 Canadian horror movie directed by Peter Medak and starring George C. Scott, Trish Van Devere, Melvyn Douglas, John Colicos, Jean Marsh, Roberta Maxwell. It was distributed by ITC Entertainment.
Other websites
1980 horror movies
1980s psychological movies
Canadian horror movies
Movies directed by Peter Medak
Movies set in Seattle
Movies about child death
ITC Entertainment movies
Rock Band 2

Rock Band 2 is an interactive music game by Harmonix. It is a sequel to the game Rock Band. To play the game, players use a microphone to sing or a controller to hit notes on the screen. Players get points by hitting the right notes at the right time. Earning points can help a player earn stars, which show how well a player performed the song. If a player misses too many notes or hits too many of the wrong notes, they fail out of the song. It has a quickplay mode and a world tour mode.
In quickplay mode, players choose songs from a list to play. In world tour mode, players can play songs in venues (public places) in cities around the world. Rock Band 2 also has a practice mode, where players can play a song without failing out of it. Players can choose one of four skill levels to play. The skill levels are Easy, Medium, Hard, and Expert.The songs in Rock Band 2 are sorted by how hard they are to play. Zero dots means the song is one of the easiest to play, and five red dots means that the song is one of the hardest. Players can play solo (by themselves) or with other people.
References
Other websites
Rock Band 2 at rockband.com
Rock Band series
Xbox 360 games
PlayStation 3 games
PlayStation 2 games
Wii games
2008 video games
Cement, Oklahoma

Cement is a town in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.
References
Towns in Oklahoma
Jean-Luc Picard

Jean-Luc Picard is a Star Trek: The Next Generation character. Patrick Stewart played him. He was the captain of the USS Enterprise-D, and later of the USS Enterprise-E. He was born in la Barre, France, on Earth. He had a brother, named Robert Picard. Jean-Luc was proud of being French.
As a character, Picard is very similar to James T. Kirk, albeit slightly older. While Picard is understood to be French, Kirk is of Irish heritage.
Both require equal discipline of their crews, but are also fair toward them. Both are ready to sacrifice themselves for their crews when need be. Their encounter in the movie Star Trek - Generations gave the surviving Picard a great deal of newfound strength to carry on his demanding mission.
Picard was also known as Locutus of the Borg in the episodes "Best of Both Worlds" 1 and 2.
Other websites
Jean-Luc Picard at Memory Alpha
Star Trek: The Next Generation characters
List of municipalities in New Jersey

This is a list of the 564 municipalities in the U.S. state of New Jersey, ordered by population. There are five types of municipality in the state:
boroughs (250)
cities (52)
towns (15)
townships (245)
villages (3)
New Jersey covers . That makes the average land size of a municipality in the state about . However, but note in the map at right that the sizes are very different.
Notes
References
2000 U.S. Census
New Jersey
municipality
Ellis Clarke

Sir Ellis Emmanuel Innocent Clarke, TC, GCMG (28 December 191730 December 2010) was a Trinidadian politician. He was the second and last Governor-General of Trinidad and Tobago and the first President of Trinidad and Tobago. He was one of the people who created Trinidad and Tobago's 1962 Independence constitution.
References
1917 births
2010 deaths
Presidents of Trinidad and Tobago
He received the La Orden del liberator (The order of the liberator) Venezuela's highest public order, in 1986.
Karl Offmann

Karl Auguste Offmann, GCSK (25 November 1940 - 12 March 2022) was a Mauritian politician. He became President of Mauritius on 25 February 2002. He was president until Paul Berenger became his prime minister and nominated a new president on 1 October 2003.
Offmann died on 12 March 2022, aged 82.
References
1940 births
2022 deaths
Presidents of Mauritius
Caps lock

Caps lock is the name of a key on a computer keyboard. When you press this key, letters that you type will be capital letters (like this, "ABC"), instead of lowercase ("abc"). The caps lock key is usually above the Shift key and below the Tab key on the left side of the keyboard. However, some people prefer it to be in other locations.
The way the caps lock key works is that once you press it, a light may come on, or you may get a message on the screen. This lets you know that text that you type will be in uppercase letters. When you press the key again, the light turns off, or another message may appear, saying that caps lock has been turned off and text you type will be back to lowercase letters.
Some keyboards and typewriters have a key called shift lock. It is a lot like the caps lock key in that letters you type will be in uppercase instead of lowercase. But shift lock also does something else: when it is on, keys which have two symbols on them, such as the number keys in the top row, will print the symbol on top, instead of the symbol on the bottom. For example, pressing the key with the number 1 on it will print the exclamation mark ("!") instead of the number 1. The caps lock key does not do this; it only affects the letter keys.
People who type a lot, such as those who use typewriters, use the shift key instead of the caps lock or shift lock keys unless they have to type many capital letters in a row. But there is also a neat trick you can do with the caps lock and shift keys: when caps lock is on, you can hold the shift key while typing and what you type will be in lowercase letters instead of capitals. This can be done on some computers, such as those running Microsoft Windows computers.
Not all computers have a caps lock key. Some of those that don't have been made for the One Laptop Per Child program.
References
Computer keyboard
Stinging nettle

Stinging nettles (Urtica dioica) are a type of plant which have stinging defensive hairs on the leaves and stems. Stinging nettles can be found in America, Europe and Asia.
Sting mechanism
The hairs inject histamine and other chemicals that produce a stinging sensation when contacted by humans and other animals. Soaking stinging nettles in water or cooking removes the stinging chemicals from the plant, which allows them to be handled and eaten without injury.
Usage
The plant has been used as medicine, food, tea and fibre. Nettles are sometimes used in cheesemaking, as nettle soup or as substitute for spinach. Its stems contain a bast fibre that is used for the same purposes as linen. Nettles have been used to make clothing for 2,000 years.
Ecology
Stinging nettles are important food plants for several butterflies, like the peacock butterfly and the small tortoiseshell. Also some deers and other animals eat the plant, preferred the leaf shot.
Urticaceae
Great Australian Bight

The Great Australian Bight is a large bight, or open bay. It is off the central and western parts of the southern coastline of mainland Australia.
The Bight's boundaries are from Cape Pasley, Western Australia, to Cape Carnot, South Australia. This is a distance of 1,160 km or 720 miles.
The much more accepted name in Australia for the connected waterbody is the Southern Ocean rather than the Indian Ocean.
The settlements along the coastline with access to the Bight and facilities are Ceduna and Eucla. Some other locations on the Eyre Highway or on the Nullarbor do not have facilities or easy access.
Natural history
The coast line of the Great Australian Bight has cliff faces (up to 60 m high), surfing beaches and rock platforms, ideal for whale-watching. The Great Australian Bight receives very little of the runoff that fertilises most continental shelves. It is essentially a marine desert. It is probably best noted for the large number of sharks that frequent its coastal waters, as well as the increasing numbers of Southern Right Whales that migrate in the region.
One location on the bight that is for the understanding of the natural history on its coastline is the Eyre Bird Observatory.
References
Other websites
Bays of Australia
Southern Ocean
Tatjana Schoenmaker

Tatjana Schoenmaker is a swimmer from South Africa. She competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics. She was born on 9 July 1997.
References
Other websites
1997 births
Living people
South African Olympians
South African swimmers
South African Olympians
Olympic gold medalists
Olympic silver medalists
Sportspeople from Johannesburg
Chris Messina

Christopher Messina (born August 11, 1974) is an American actor and movie director. He is known for his roles in Vicky Cristina Barcelona, Argo, Julie & Julia, Ruby Sparks, Celeste and Jesse Forever, You've Got Mail and Birds of Prey. He starred in the movie The Giant Mechanical Man.
On television, he appeared in roles as Chris Sanchez in Damages, Reese Lansing in The Newsroom and as Danny Castellano in The Mindy Project.
References
1974 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
Movie directors from New York (state)
Actors from New York (state)
Lucid Dreams (song)

"Lucid Dreams" (also known as "Lucid Dreams (Forget Me)") is the second single off of American rapper Juice Wrld's debut studio album Goodbye & Good Riddance. It also appears on the 2017 EP JuiceWrld 9 9 9. The song was released on May 4, 2018. The song was able to make it to #2 on the Billboard Hot 100 and is certified 11x Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).
Juice Wrld made the song about his pain and feelings after going through a breakup. The song interpolates the 1993 Sting song Shape of my Heart. Sting gave Juice Wrld his blessing to use the song and said "'Lucid Dreams' was my favorite of all the many interpolations of 'Shape of my Heart,' it will resonate for many years to come,"
On May 11, 2018, a music video for the song was released. It was directed by Cole Bennett. In the video, Juice is seen rapping with his head poking up through the floor. Through the video there are scenes of him smoking a joint in a dimly-lit stairwell and exchanging glances with a woman applying heavy makeup in a mirror.
References
Other websites
2017 songs
Juice Wrld songs
Hip hop songs
Uwu

uwu, also used as UwU, is an emoticon showing cuteness. The u letters represent eyes, while the w represents a mouth.
Usage
uwu is used to show cuteness, happiness, or kindness. Overuse of the emoticon can also have a effect of annoying its receiver. The emoticon has been popular in the furry fandom.
There's a more surprised variant, OwO (also connected with the furry fandom and the response, "what's this?") that may mean cuteness, as well as curiosity and confusion.
History
uwu is known to exist back as far back as 2005, in an anime fan fiction. The origin of the word is not known, with many people believing it to originate in Internet chat rooms. By 2014, the emoticon had spread across the Internet into Tumblr, becoming an Internet subculture.
The word uwu is included in the Royal Spanish Academy's word observatory, defined as an "emoticon used to show happiness or tenderness".
Notable uses
In 2018, the official Twitter account tweeted "uwu" in response to a tweet by an artist on October 22, 2018.
In 2020, the U.S. Army Esports Twitter account tweeted "uwu" in reply to a tweet by Discord's Twitter account, which was met by lots of backlash from Twitter users. This event ended in a trend of attempting to get banned from the U.S. Army Esports Discord server as fast as possible, with a common technique being to link to the Wikipedia article, United States war crimes.
References
Notes
Stubs
Symbols
Internet culture
Nature reserve

A nature reserve (preserve or (national/nature) conserve) is a protected area. It protects wildlife, flora (plants) and fauna (animals). Reserves may also protect geological features or other special interests. A nature reserve is land that is kept for conservation and to provide special opportunities for study or research.
Nature reserves can be created by government institutions. They can also be created by private landowners, such as charities and research institutions, regardless of nationality. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an organization that helps countries and others with conservation programs and management.
Related pages
Marine reserve
World Environment Day
References
Other websites
Natural resources
Conservation
Protected areas
Floyd Patterson

Floyd Patterson (January 4, 1935 - May 11, 2006) was an American heavyweight boxing champion and Olympic gold medalist. Patterson won the gold medal for boxing in the 1952 Olympic Games in Helsinki, Finland. He was the heavyweight champion of the world from 1956 to 1959 and from 1960 to 1962. Patterson is remembered as the first heavyweight champion to lose the title and get it back within a year.
Career
Patterson's amateur record was 44-4 with 37 knockouts. He began fighting as a middleweight and moved to the light heavyweight division. Patterson's first professional loss was to Joey Maxim in 1954. In January 1956, Patterson married Sandra Hicks. She was his wife until 1969. Their marriage ended because Patterson did not want to quit boxing.
After Rocky Marciano retired, Floyd began aiming at a shot for the vacant heavyweight title. On November 30 1956, Patterson had two very good things happen in his life. His wife gave birth to his first child, and he beat Archie Moore to become the youngest heavyweight champion of the world. That record holds true to this day. He lost the title in 1959 to Ingemar Johanson but he regained it in 1960. In 1962, he lost it again to Sonny Liston. Patterson tried to regain the title two more times from Muhammad Ali in 1965 and 1972. In 1965, he fought for 12 rounds, but on both tries, he failed to win title.
Patterson is also remembered as the first man to win back boxing heavyweight championship. All other champions before him failed.
Other websites
Boxing Record
1935 births
2006 deaths
African-American boxers
American Olympic gold medalists
Sportspeople from New York (state)
Sportspeople from North Carolina
International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees
Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Savenay

Savenay is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Jordan University of Science and Technology

The Jordan University of Science and Technology ( Jami'at Al-Ulum wa Al-Tiknolojia Al-Urdunia), often abbreviated JUST, is a Jordanian public university. The university is located in the south of Ramtha District, within the boundaries of the city of Ramtha, located in the Irbid Governorate in northern Jordan.
Started in 1986, its first president was the Kamel al-Ajlouni. The number of schools in it has increased, since then, from six to twelve.
References
Colleges and universities in Jordan
1986 establishments in Asia
Punk in Drublic

Punk in Drublic is the fourth studio album by American punk rock band, NOFX. Punk in Drublic was released on July 19, 1994. The producers of the album were Ryan Greene and Fat Mike. It is NOFX's most successful album and peaked at #12 on Billboard's Heatseekers chart.
Songs
1994 albums
NOFX albums
Punk albums
Victoria Rowell

Victoria Rowell (born May 10, 1960 inPortland, Maine) is an American actress and writer. She stars mostly on television programs. She played the character Drucilla in the CBS soap series The Young and the Restless. She also did other television programs.
References and notes
American television actors
Actors from Portland, Maine
Writers from Portland, Maine
1959 births
Living people
Åsen

Asen is a locality in Alvdalen Municipality in Dalarna County in Sweden. In 2010, 246 people lived there.
References
Settlements in Dalarna County
Sergey Ling

Sergey Stepanovich Ling (; ; born 7 May 1937) is a Belarusian politician and agronomist. He was Prime Minister of Belarus from 1996 to 2000 and Permanent Representative of Belarus to the United Nations from 2000 to 2002.
References
1937 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Belarus
Sarayu

Sarayu is a river which flows in Uttar Pradesh of India. Sarayu river originates in Himalaya. It flows across 350 km and merges into the Ganga river. Sarayu river is mentioned in Ramayana. Ramayana mention that city of Ayodhya was on the bank of Sarayu river.
Rivers of India
Chalon-sur-Saône

Chalon-sur-Saone is a city and a commune in the Saone-et-Loire department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comte region of France. It is the largest city of the department; however, the department capital is the smaller city of Macon.
History
Though the place where is Chalon-sur-Saone now was an important town of the Aedui (Celtic people that lived between the Saone and Loire rivers) and objects of La Tene culture have been found here, the first mention of the town, as Cavillonum or Cabillonum, is found in Julius Caesar's Gallic Wars (VII, chs. 42 and 90).
Geography
Chalon-sur-Saone is on the sides of the Saone river, in the south of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comte region. The city is at to the southeast of Paris and at to the north of Lyon.
It has an area of , and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .
The Saone river flows through the eastern part of the city and the small river Thalie flows through the western part of the commune.
Chalon-sur-Saone is surrounded by the communes Fragnes, Crissey, Chatenoy-en-Bresse, Saint-Marcel, Lux, Saint-Remy, Chatenoy-le-Royal and Champforgeuil.
Climate
The climate of Chalon-sur-Saone, in the Koppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.
Population
The inhabitants of Chalon-sur-Saone are known, in French, as Chalonnais (women: Chalonnaises).
With a population of 44,985, Chalon-sur-Saone has a population density of inhabitants/km2.
Evolution of the population in Chalon-sur-Saone
Chalon-sur-Saone forms, with other 9 communes, the urban area of Chalon-sur-Saone, with a population of 74.357 inhabitants (2013) and an area of . This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Chalon-sur-Saone, formed by 90 communes with a population of 134,568 inhabitants (2013) and an area of .
Administration
Chalon-sur-Saone is a subprefecture of the Saone-et-Loire department since 1800. It is also the capital of the arrondissement of Chalon-sur-Saone and the administrative centre () of three cantons:
Chalon-sur-Saone-1 formed by 5 communes and part of Chalon-sur-Saone, with 19,093 inhabitants (2014).
Chalon-sur-Saone-2 formed by part of Chalon-sur-Saone, with 20,983 inhabitants (2014).
Chalon-sur-Saone-3 formed by the commune Chatenoy-le-Royal and part of Chalon-sur-Saone, with 19,559 inhabitants (2014).
It is part of the intercommunality Le Grand Chalon ().
Twin cities
Chalon-sur-Saone is a twin town of:
St. Helens, United Kingdom
Solingen, Germany
Novara, Italy
Naestved, Denmark
Places of interest
Some interesting places in Chalon-sur-Saone are:
St. Vincent's Cathedral on the Saint-Vincent Square, which has some elements from the eighth century.
Musee Nicephore-Niepce, a museum on photography.
Musee Vivant-Denon, an art museum.
Gallery
People from Chalon-sur-Saone
Nicephore Niepce (1765-1833), pioneer of photography.
Related pages
Arrondissement of Chalon-sur-Saone
Communes of the Saone-et-Loire department
References
Other websites
Chalon-sur-Saone - official website
Le Grand Chalon Agglomeration
Subprefectures in France
Communes in Saone-et-Loire
Galtellì

Galtelli (Garteddi) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 2,434 people lived there. Its area is 56.53 km2. It is 35 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Fatimid Caliphate

The Fatimid Caliphate was ruled by the al-Fatimiyyun () dynasty from 5 January 909 to 1171. It was an Arab Shi'a dynasty It ruled the fourth and final Arab caliphate. In different times different areas of the Maghreb, Egypt, and the Levant belonged to the caliphate.
Egyptian city of Cairo was made the capital. The term Fatimite is sometimes used to refer to the citizens of this caliphate as well. The ruling elite belonged to the Ismaili branch of Shi'ism. The leaders were also Shia Ismaili Imams. They had a religious significance to Ismaili Muslims. They are also part of the chain of holders of the office of Caliph, as recognized by most Muslims, the only period in which the Shia Imamate and the Caliphate were united to any degree. There was only one other exception: the Caliphate of Ali himself.
The Fatimids were famous for religious tolerance towards non-Ismaili sects of Islam as well as towards Jews, Maltese Christians and Coptic Christians, but there were some exceptions nevertheless.
Rise of the Fatimids
The Fatimids came from Ifriqiya, modern-day Tunisia and eastern Algeria. The dynasty was founded in 909 by , who legitimised his claim through descent from Muhammad by way of his daughter Fatima as-Zahra and her husband , the first Imam, hence the name al-Fatimiyyun "Fatimid".
Abdullah al-Mahdi's control soon extended over all of central Maghreb, an area consisting of the modern countries of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Libya, which he ruled from Mahdia, his newly-built capital in Tunisia.
Decay and fall
In the 1040s, the Zirids (governors of North Africa under the Fatimids) declared their independence from the Fatimids and their conversion to Sunni Islam, which led to the devastating Banu Hilal invasions. After about 1070, the Fatimid hold on the Levant coast and parts of Syria was challenged first by Turkic (Seljuk) invasions, then the Crusades, so that Fatimid territory shrank until it consisted only of Egypt.
After the decay of the Fatimid political system in the 1160s, the Zengid ruler Nur ad-Din had his general, Shirkuh, seize Egypt from the vizier Shawar in 1169. Shirkuh died two months after taking power, and the rule went to his nephew, Saladin. This began the Kurdish Ayyubid Dynasty.
Fatimid caliphs
(909-934) founder Fatimid dynasty
(934-946)
(946-953)
(953-975) Egypt is conquered during his reign
(975-996)
(996-1021)
(1021-1036)
(1036-1094)
(1094-1101) Quarrels over his succession led to the Nizari split.
(1101-1130) The Fatimid rulers of Egypt after him are not recognized as Imams by Mustaali Taiyabi Ismailis.
(1130-1149)
(1149-1154)
(1154-1160)
(1160-1171).
Notes
Other websites
Fatimids entry in the Encyclopaedia of the Orient.
Institute of Ismaili Studies London.
Arab people
Caliphates
Former countries in the Middle East
Former monarchies
Former monarchies of Africa
Former monarchies of Asia
Royal dynasties
909 establishments
12th-century disestablishments in Africa
12th-century disestablishments in Asia
10th-century establishments in Africa
10th-century establishments in Asia
1171 disestablishments
Sedative

A sedative is a depressant that lowers excitement and irritability. Doctors use sedatives to prevent nervous patients from accidentally hurting themselves or the doctor. They are also used in tranquilizer guns.
There are different kinds of sedatives:
Drugs that make people fall asleep.
Drugs that help people keep sleeping (not to wake up during the night).
Drugs that calm people down, without making them sleep.
Most sedatives act very slowly, usually in 10-15 minutes. Doctors must know a patient's weight and medical history in order give them the sedatives which are best for them.
People who have been given sedatives may seem dull, and sleepy. Since sedatives act on their ability to react, those who have been given such drugs should not do the following:
Operate any machines
Drive a car
Take other drugs (including alcohol; these may make the effect of the pill bigger and can lead to overdose)
The drugs are given in clinical settings to facilitate medical procedures that would require physical restraint in a conscious patient or otherwise be unfeasible. They are also used to tranquilize dangerous animals. If the animal is in a position where it can't hurt anyone, a slow-acting sedative will be used. If the animal is out-of-control, a fast-acting sedative will be used. Fast-acting sedatives usually take between 3-5 minutes to take effect. Tranquilizer darts are rarely used on humans because there is no way to know which sedative to use and how much to use without performing a pre-anesthetic exam on the patient beforehand. There are only two known cases of a person being intentionally tranquilized, and in both cases the person doing the tranquilizing knew their target's weight and medical history.
Problems
Sedatives usually should not be taken for a longer period of time, as there are problems:
Many sedatives cause addiction. Trying to stop taking the drug may cause withdrawal symptoms
If they are taken together with other drugs, this may change their effect.
Psychoactive drugs
Wilhelmsthal

Wilhelmsthal is a municipality in Kronach in Bavaria, Germany.
References
Kronach (district)
Pavel Cherenkov

Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov (July 28, 1904 - January 6, 1990) was a Soviet physicist. He shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1958 with Ilya Frank and Igor Tamm for the discovery of Cherenkov radiation, made in 1934.
Cherenkov died on January 6, 1990 at a hospital in Moscow, Russia at the age of 85.
Nobel Prize in Physics winners
1904 births
1990 deaths
Russian physicists
Auterrive

Auterrive is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Auterrive
Hymn for the Weekend

"Hymn for the Weekend" is a 2016 song by British alternative rock band Coldplay featuring uncredited vocals from American singer Beyonce and is taken from their seventh studio album A Head Full of Dreams (2015). The song peaked at number six in the United Kingdom and number 25 on the US Billboard Hot 100. It went to top 10 single charts in many countries around the world. The music video was shot in India.
References
2016 songs
Coldplay songs
Beyonce songs
Peter Isaacson

Peter Stuart Isaacson, AM, DFC, AFC, DFM (31 July 1920 - 7 April 2017) was an Australian publisher and decorated military pilot.
Isaacson was owner of Peter Isaacson Publications, the publisher of various trade publications and suburban newspapers including the Southern Cross and the Sunday Observer in Melbourne.
During World War II, he served in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) as a pilot with RAF Bomber Command and was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross, the Air Force Cross and the Distinguished Flying Medal.
Issaacson died on 7 April 2017 at the age of 96, following a short illness in Melbourne, Australia. He was survived by his sons; Anne had died the year before.
References
1920 births
2017 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Victoria (Australia)
Australian military people
Publishers
Australian writers
World War II people
Writers from London
Óðr

In Norse mythology, Odr (sometimes written in English as Odr or Od) is a man associated with the goddess Freyja. The Prose Edda and Heimskringla, both by Snorri Sturluson, describe Odr as Freyja's husband. They also describe him as the father of Freyja's daughter Hnoss. Heimskringla adds that the couple had another daughter together, Gersemi.
Not much else is written about Odr, except that he often went away on long journeys. Freyja wept when she missed him. Several scholars have suggested that Odr may just have been another name for the god Odin.When Freyja wept, she wept tears of red gold, which was very valuable and precious, and this is what she used to give to heroes to do jobs for her so that they had something to bargain with.
Norse mythology
Budhial

Budhial is a village and Union Council of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. Budhial village is about 25 kilometres from Talagang at 32deg59'0''N 72deg11'0''E.
References
Union Councils of Chakwal District
William John Swainson

William John Swainson, Fellow of the Linnean Society and Fellow of the Royal Society (8 October 1789 - 6 December 1855), was an English ornithologist, malacologist, entomologist and artist.
Life
Swainson was born in Dover Place, St. Mary Newington, London. He was the eldest son of John Timothy Swainson, who was also of the Linnean Society. William worked at the Liverpool Customs when he was 14. He studied the ichthyology of western Sicily. In 1815, he returned to England because he became ill.
In 1816 he went with the explorer Henry Koster to Brazil. They did not spend a long time on shore because of a revolution. However, Swainson brought to England over 20,000 insects, 1,200 species of plants, drawings of 120 species of fish, and about 760 bird skins.
As with many Victorian scientists, Swainson was also a member of many societies. He was elected as a fellow to the Royal Society after his return from Brazil on 14 December 1820. In 1823, he married his first wife Mary Parkes, and had four sons and a daughter. His wife died in 1835.
Swainson re-married in 1840 to Ann Grasby, and emigrated to New Zealand in 1841. He died at Fern Grove, Lower Hutt, New Zealand, on 7 December 1855.
Species named after William Swainson
Many birds were named after William Swainson.
John James Audubon named Swainson's Warbler Limnothlypis swainsonii
Charles Lucien Bonaparte named Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni
Thomas Nuttall named Swainson's Thrush Catharus ustulatus
Swainson's Francolin Francolinus swainsonii
Swainson's Sparrow Passer swainsonii
Swainson's Antcatcher Myrmeciza longipes
Swainson's Fire-eye Pyriglena atra
Swainson's Flycatcher Myiarchus swainsoni
Swainson's Toucan Ramphastos swainsonii
References
1789 births
1855 deaths
British ornithologists
Fellows of the Royal Society
Scientists from London
Artists from London
Entomologists
María Duval

Maria Dussauge Ortiz (born 2 August 1937), commonly known as Maria Duval, is a Mexican actress and singer. She was of the stars from the Golden Age of Mexican cinema. Duval was born in Queretaro, Mexico. Her career lasted from 1955 until 1995.
Movies
The Life of Agustin Lara (1959)
The Living Coffin (1959)
Ruletero a toda marcha (1962)
Santo vs. las Mujeres Vampiro (1962)
Tres muchachas de Jalisco (1964)
Gabino Barrera (1965)
Martin Romero El Rapido (1966)
Cada quien su lucha (1966)
Juan Colorado (1966)
La ciguena distraida (1966)
Los Bandidos (1967)
Los alegres Aguilares (1967)
La otra mujer (1972)
References
Other websites
1937 births
Living people
Mexican movie actors
Mexican television actors
Mexican stage actors
Mexican singers
Warlincourt-lès-Pas

Warlincourt-les-Pas is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Henry Fonda

Henry Jaynes Fonda (May 16, 1905 - August 12, 1982) was an American actor. He was the head of a family of actors: son Peter, daughter Jane, granddaughter Bridget and grandson Troy Garity. He has won an Academy Award.
Fonda starred in movies including The Grapes of Wrath (1940), 12 Angry Men (1957), Once Upon a Time in the West (1968) and Yours, Mine and Ours (1968). His last performance was in 1981's On Golden Pond.
Fonda was born on May 16, 1905 in Grand Island, Nebraska. He studied at the University of Minnesota.
He was married to Margaret Sullavan from 1931 until they divorced in 1932. Then he was married to Frances Ford Seymour from 1936 until her death in 1950. Then he was married to Susan Blanchard from 1950 until they divorced in 1956. Then he was married to Afdera Franchetti from 1957 until they divorced in 1961. Then he was last married to Shirlee Mae Adams from 1965 until his death in 1982.
Fonda died on August 12, 1982 from heart disease in Los Angeles, California. He was 77.
References
Other websites
Tribute Site - full of pictures
Fonda family tree
1905 births
1982 deaths
Academy Award winning actors
Actors from Nebraska
American movie actors
American radio actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Kennedy Center honorees
Deaths from heart disease
Tetrachloroethylene

Tetrachloroethylene is a pleasant-smelling colourless liquid that is used for dry-cleaning. It is also known as perchloroethylene and perc for short. It has the chemical formula and it is composed of carbon and twice the chlorine. It was first made in 1839 in France.
Properties
Perchloroethylene is a colourless liquid at room temperature. It has a mild, sweet odour that most people can smell even in small amounts. It is much heavier than water and it does not mix with water, because Perc is nonpolar while water is polar. It can mix with many other solvents. Perc boils at 121 degrees Celsius and freezes at -22 degrees Celsius.
Its molecule is very similar to ethylene but with chlorines instead of hydrogens in ethylene.
Uses
Perc has been used in dry cleaning since the 1930s. It was introduced as a safe alternative to carbon tetrachloride (extremely poisonous to the liver) and flammable solvents like gasoline.
Years ago, dry cleaners used to throw away dirty perc after a few uses. The modern dry cleaning machines have mechanism to distill (boiling and condensing again) the perc for re-use.
Perchloroethylene was previously used as a parasite medication for animals.
Dangers
Perc has low toxicity but people who inhale it for a long time can become unconscious. Perc's ability to remove oils is very strong and can hurt the skin. It is not inflammable or explosive.
Similar compounds
trichloroethylene
carbon tetrachloride
References
Laundry
Carbon compounds
Ouham

Ouham is one of the 16 prefectures of the Central African Republic. Its capital is Bossangoa.
References
Prefectures of the Central African Republic
Demmus Hentze

Demmus Hentze (4 December 1923 - 3 January 2016) was a Faroese politician and lawyer. He was a member of the People's Party. He served as Finance Minister from 1975 to 1981. He was born in Sandur, Sandoy. He graduated from the University of Copenhagen.
Hentze died on 3 January 2016 in Torshavn, aged 92.
References
1923 births
2016 deaths
Danish politicians
Faroese people
Lawyers
Steven Price (composer)

Steven Price (born April 22, 1977) is a British movie composer.
Influences
Price stated composers like Peter Bernstein, Joel Goldsmith, Andrea Morricone, Alan Silvestri, Kevin Kiner, Lalo Schifrin, Jean-Michel Jarre, Gustavo Santaolalla, Joseph Williams, James Horner, Alexandre Desplat, John Barry, Bernard Herrmann, Michael Giacchino, John Debney, Patrick Doyle, Michael Kamen, Danny Elfman and Harry Gregson-Williams as influences.
References
Other websites
1977 births
English composers
Living people
Movie score composers
Corazón guerrero

Corazon guerrero (by its English title: Daring Heart) is a Mexican telenovela premiered on March 28, 2022, starring Alejandra Espinoza and Gonzalo Garcia Vivanco.
It premiered on Las Estrellas, a television network of media conglomerate TelevisaUnivision, and is based on the Argentine telenovela Valientes.
Cast
Main
Alejandra Espinoza as Mariluz Garcia
Gonzalo Garcia Vivanco as Jesus Guerrero
Altair Jarabo as Carlota Ruiz Montalvo
Oka Giner as Domenica Ruiz
Christian de la Campa as Samuel Guerrero
Rodrigo Guirao as Damian Guerrero
Diego Olivera as Augusto Ruiz Montalvo
Sabine Moussier as Victoriana Penalver
Rene Casados as Heriberto Villalba
Josh Gutierrez as Federico Duarte
Manuel Ojeda as Abel
Aleida Nunez as Selena Recuero
Ana Martin as Conchita Garcia
Natalia Esperon as Guadalupe Garcia
Karena Flores as Emma Ruiz
Sian Chiong as Adrian
Gabriela Spanic as Elisa
Recurring
Pablo Valentin as Valero
Rafael del Villar as Gabino Beltran
Yekaterina Kiev as Micaela
Sergio Acosta as Bautista
Emilio Galvan as Saul
Luis Lauro as Iker
Cristian Gamero as Isaias Cabrera
Pamela Cervantes as Fabiola
Patricio de Rodas as Rodrigo
Patricia Maqueo as Belen
Raul Ortero as Sergio
Samantha Vazquez as Lola
Fernanda Rivas as Renata
Diego Arancivia as Gus
Michelle Polanco as Laura
Guest stars
Eduardo Yanez as Octavio Sanchez
Uncredited
Tanya Vazquez as Briana
Jose Luis Duval
Episodes
Notes
References
Other websites
Telenovelas by Televisa
2022 Mexican television series debuts
Carrboro, North Carolina

Carrboro is a town in Orange County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census, 19,582 people live in Carrboro.
Towns in North Carolina
Nulvi

Nulvi (Nujvi) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 2,741 people lived there. Its area is 67.38 km2. It is 478 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia