pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Mathematical notation

Mathematical notation is a system in mathematics that uses symbols to represent objects and ideas. In mathematics and other exact sciences like physics or computer science, problems often need to be presented in some way. In such representations, different symbols have different meanings:
There are numbers, like 1 and 2, or variables that stand for such numbers (like x and y)
There are functions that act on numbers and variables. Such function take a predetermined number of elements, and do something with them. An example is +, which adds two numbers
There are concepts of advanced mathematics such as limits and derivatives
Some mathematical notations use diagrams, or small drawings to show the underlying concepts. One example is the Penrose graphical notation which is used to show tensors. Another examples are Coxeter-Dynkin diagram which are used for certain problems of geometry.
There are different ways to write down an equation like two and three
Infix notation: The functions and the symbols they act on, are mixed, this gives 2 + 3
Prefix notation: First there is the function, and then the values it operates on. This gives + 2 3. Computer languages influenced by lambda calculus, like LISP use this notation. Sometimes this is called polish notation
Postfix notation: First there are the numbers, and then the function. 2 3 +. Postscript uses this. It is also generally known as reverse polish notation
Related software
KaTeX - JavaScript library that shows mathematical notation on any web browser
LaTeX - Free software to output mathematical notations on a PDF
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Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo

is a Japanese professional football club at Sapporo in Hokkaido Prefecture on the island of Hokkaido.
History
The team was founded in 1935.
1935-1979 Toshiba Horikawa SC
1980-1995 Toshiba SC
1996-2015 Consadole Sapporo
2016-present Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo
League title
Japan Soccer League Division 2 : 2
1979, 1988/89
Japan Football League : 1
1997
J2 League : 2
2000, 2007
League position
2011 : J2 League - 3rd
2012 : J1 League - 18th
2013 : J2 League - 8th
2014 : J2 League - 10th
2015 : J2 League - 10th
2016 : J2 League - 1st
2017 : J1 League - 11th
2018 : J1 League - 4th
2019 : J1 League - 10th
2020 : J1 League - 12th
Former position
Related pages
Sports in Japan
List of Japanese football teams
List of Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo players
References
Other websites
Hokkaido Consadole Sapporo website
J.League Club Guide
Japanese football clubs
Sapporo
1935 establishments in Japan
Ontario Heritage Act

The Ontario Heritage Act is a law that was made on March 5, 1975. It lets the Province of Ontario and cities protect important buildings and other places. These places are called designated heritage properties.
Listing a place under the Act
If a place is listed as an important place under the Act, the person who owns the place needs to ask the government of their city to let them change any of the important parts of the place. They also need to ask the government to let them destroy any buildings.
Changes to the law
Before 2005, people could still destroy buildings that were listed as important, even if the government of the city did not want to let them. They did this by waiting for 180 days after asking to destroy the building. Once 180 days were over, if the people who owned the buildings did not agree with the government of the city, the people who owned the buildings could destroy the building.
In 2005, the provincial government changed the Act. People who own important buildings are not allowed to destroy the buildings any more if the government of the city does not let them. If the government of the city does not let them destroy the building, they are allowed to ask the Conservation Review Board to let them do it anyway. If the Conservation Review Board does not let them destroy the building, then the person who owns the building is not allowed to destroy the building.
The change also says that people who own important buildings must take care of them so that the buildings will not fall.
Problems
There are some problems with the Ontario Heritage Act. Sometimes the government of a city will say that a place is important because they do not want anyone to make changes to the place, even though the place is not important. For example, one city said that a golf course was important because someone wanted to build houses there instead.
Another problem is that there are a lot of old churches that are important, but the people who use the churches sometimes need to make changes to the buildings because of their religion. The government of the city needs to be careful to let the people practice their religion but also needs to take care of the building.
Another problem is that there are a lot of buildings in Ontario that belong to the Government of Canada. These buildings are not protected by the Act. The Government of Canada has laws that protect some of these buildings, but not all of them.
References
Other websites
Ontario Heritage Act
Canadian Register of Historic Places, search for sites designated under the Ontario Heritage Act
Ontario Heritage Toolkit
List of designated heritage properties in Toronto
Ontario
Canadian legislation
Fuyo Jingu

was a Shinto Shrine that was supposed to be built in Buyeo. Its purpose was to support the Japanese rule over Korea and to become a Kanpei-taisha. Construction work began in 1939 but the shrine was never finished.
Buyeo was the capital of the ancient kingdom of Baekje, which had a historical relationship with Japan. The Fuyo Jingu shrine was planned to be built in Buyeo as a symbol of Japan's permanent control over Korea. The shrine was intended to mark the incorporation of Korea into Japan.
Four kami (spirits or deities) were meant to be enshrined at Fuyo Jingu: Emperor Ojin (also known as Hachiman), Empress Kogyoku, Emperor Tenji, and Empress Jingu. These deities were all associated with the conquest of Korea. According to legend, Empress Jingu delayed giving birth to her child in order to lead a military campaign to conquer Korea.
References
Kanpei-taisha
1939 establishments in Asia
Hachiman shrines
Shinto shrines in the Japanese colonial empire
Majhiziya Bhanu

Majiziya Bhanu is an Indian body builder and power lifter from Kerala. She is a World Championships medalist.
References
Indian weightlifters
Indian bodybuilders
Urawa Red Diamonds Ladies

is a Japanese women's football team which plays in Nadeshiko League.
Club name
Urawa Reinas FC: 1999-2001
Saitama Reinas FC: 2002-2004
Urawa Red Diamonds Ladies: 2005-present
Results
Honors
Domestic competitions
Nadeshiko League Division 1
Champions (4) : 2004, 2009, 2014, 2020
Runners-up (3) : 2006, 2010, 2019
Empress's Cup
Runners-up (5) : 2004, 2009, 2010, 2014, 2019, 2020
Nadeshiko League Cup
Runners-up (3) : 2007, 2010, 2017
Nadeshiko Super Cup
Runners-up (1) : 2005
International competitions
Japan/Korea Women's League Championship
Champions (1) : 2010
Other websites
1999 establishments in Japan
Japanese football clubs
Saitama Prefecture
Vladimir Tsyplakov

Vladimir Viktorovich Tsyplakov (; April 18, 1969 - December 14, 2019) was a Belarusian professional ice hockey player winger. He was drafted in the third round, 59th overall, by the Los Angeles Kings in the 1995 NHL Entry Draft.
Tsyplakov was also an assistant coach with the Belarus men's national ice hockey team.
International Statistics
References
1969 births
2019 deaths
Buffalo Sabres players
Los Angeles Kings players
Belarusian ice hockey players
Vancouver Giants

The Vancouver Giants are a Canadian ice hockey team. They began playing in 2001. The team currently plays in the Western Hockey League. They play their home games in Vancouver, British Columbia at the Pacific Coliseum.
The owners of the Giants are businessmen Ron Toigo and Sultan Thiara, Hockey Hall of Fame members Gordie Howe, Pat Quinn, and singer and actor Michael Buble. The have won 1 Memorial Cup in 2007 and a Ed Chynoweth Cup in 2006.
References
Other websites
2001 establishments in Canada
Canadian Hockey League teams
Ice hockey teams in British Columbia
Western Hockey League
Sport in Vancouver
Lankaran

Lankaran (also called Lankaran, Lencoran, and Lenkoran') is a city in Azerbaijan. It is on the coast of the Caspian Sea, near the southern border of Iran. There were 83,300 people living there in 2010. It is next to Lankaran rayon. Lankaran was for a long time the capital of the Talysh Khanate. Lankaran International Airport is the airport for the city. There are sandy beaches near Lankaran.
The old form of the name was "Langarkanan". In Persian, it means "the place of pulling up the anchor(s)".
Education
Lankaran State University was started in 1991.
Sports
Khazar Lankaran plays football in the Azerbaijan Premier League.
In 2012, the city hosted the European Masters Weightlifting Championship.
Notable natives
Jahan Talyshinskaya -- folk song singer and theatre actress.
Hazi Aslanov -- twice Hero of the Soviet Union.
Mikhail Pavlov -- Hero of Socialist Labor, given by the Soviet Union.
Pasha Tahmazov -- National Hero of Azerbaijan.
Samedbey Mehmandarov -- Russian army general, Minister of Defense of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic.
References
Cities in Azerbaijan
Lankaran Economic Region
United States House Committee on Ways and Means

The Committee on Ways and Means is the chief tax-writing committee of the United States House of Representatives.
Members of the Ways and Means Committee are not allowed to serve on any other House Committee unless they apply for a waiver from their party's congressional leadership.
The U.S. Constitution requires that all bills about taxation must come from in the House of Representatives. Since House rules is that all bills about taxation must go through this committee, the committee is very important, as is its Senate counterpart, the U.S. Senate Committee on Finance.
Recent chairs have included William Reynolds Archer Jr., Bill Thomas, Charles Rangel, Sander Levin, and Dave Camp. On November 4, 2015 Representative Kevin Brady of Texas was chosen to replace Representative Paul Ryan as chairman.
Other websites
Official Committee web site (Archive)
House Ways and Means Committee. Legislation activity and reports, Congress.gov.
House Ways and Means Committee Hearings and Meetings Video. Congress.gov.
1795 establishments in the United States
Committees of the United States House of Representatives
Arrondissements of the Isère department

There are 3 arrondissements in the Isere department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into arrondissements, which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.
If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.
Arrondissements are further divided into communes.
The 3 arrondissements of Isere are:
History
Since its creation, the Isere department has had some changes:
1790 : creation of the Isere department with four districts: Grenoble, Saint-Marcellin, La Tour-du-Pin and Vienne.
1800 : creation of the arrondissements: Grenoble, Saint-Marcellin, La Tour-du-Pin and Vienne.
1926 : the arrondissement of Saint-Marcellin was eliminated.
Related pages
Arrondissement of Grenoble
Arrondissement of La Tour-du-Pin
Arrondissement of Vienne
List of arrondissements of France
References
Isere
New City, New York

New City is a town in Rockland County, New York. It is about north of New York City. The town is classified as a hamlet of Clarkstown, meaning it is a small settlement inside of a larger town. The town is the county seat of Rockland County, because it is the location of the Rockland County Courthouse and government. Because of how close it is to New York City, many people go there to work.
Hamlets in New York (state)
County seats in New York (state)
Kōji Kondō

is a Japanese composer and musician who makes video game music for Nintendo, often for games in The Legend of Zelda series and the Mario series. He was born in Nagoya.
Influences
Kondo stated composers like Jerry Goldsmith, Reginald Stewart, Eric Coates, Marty Paich, Buddy Baker, Irwin Kostal, Oliver Wallace, Frank Churchill, George Bruns, Jimmy Van Heusen, Max Steiner, Elmer Bernstein, Alan Menken, Joe Hisaishi, Henry Mancini, Lalo Schifrin and Randy Newman as influences.
Video game Soundtracks
Golf (1984)
Famicom BASIC (1984)
Devil World (with Akito Nakatsuka) (1984)
Soccer (1985)
Wrecking Crew (1985)
Kung Fu (1985)
Super Mario Bros. (1985)
Nazo no Murasamejo (1986)
The Legend of Zelda (1986)
Shin Onigashima (1987)
Yume Kojo: Doki Doki Panic (Super Mario Bros. 2 outside of Japan) (credited as Konchan) (1987)
Ice Hockey (1988)
Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels (1986)
Super Mario Bros. 3 (1988)
Super Mario World (1991)
The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past (1991)
The Legend of Zelda: Link's Awakening (1993)
Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island (1995)
Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars (with Yoko Shimomura and Nobuo Uematsu) (1996)
Super Mario 64 (1996)
Donkey Kong Country 3: Dixie Kong's Double Trouble! (with Eveline Fischer and David Wise) (1996)
Star Fox 64 (with Hajime Wakai) (1997)
The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time (1998)
Super Smash Bros. (with many others) (1999)
The Legend of Zelda: Majora's Mask (with Toru Minegishi) (2000)
Super Smash Bros. Melee (with many others) (2001)
Super Mario Sunshine (with Shinobu Tanaka) (2002)
The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker (with Kenta Nagata, Hajime Wakai, and Toru Minegishi) (2003)
New Super Mario Bros. (with Asuka Ohta and Hajime Wakai) (2006)
The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess (with Toru Minegishi and Asuka Ohta) (2006)
Super Mario Galaxy (with Mahito Yokota) (2007)
Super Smash Bros. Brawl (with many others) (2008)
References
1961 births
Living people
Video game composers
Musicians from Aichi Prefecture
Japanese composers
Nintendo people
Apache, Oklahoma

Apache is a town in Caddo County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 1,444 at the 2010 census.
References
Towns in Oklahoma
Tony Conrad

Anthony Schmaltz "Tony" Conrad (March 7, 1940 - April 9, 2016) was an American avant-garde video artist, experimental filmmaker, musician, composer, sound artist, teacher and writer. His career began in the early 1960s. He was a pioneer of both structural movie and drone music. Support for Conrad's work came from the National Endowment for the Arts, the New York State Council on the Arts, the State University of New York, The Rockefeller Foundation, and the New York Foundation for the Arts.
Conrad had been a faculty member in the State University of New York at Buffalo since 1976. He continued to teach there in the Department of Media Study as well as work on many notable B&W film image projects with Princess G. St. Mary until his death in 2016.
Conrad died in Cheektowaga, New York on April 9, 2016 at age 76 after fighting prostate cancer.
References
1940 births
2016 deaths
American composers
State University of New York faculty
American artists
Movie directors from New York (state)
Musicians from New York (state)
Writers from New Hampshire
Musicians from New Hampshire
Pope Leo XII

Pope Leo XII (; 22 August 1760 - 10 February 1829), born Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiore Girolamo Nicola Sermattei della Genga, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 253rd Pope from 1823 to 1829.
Life
Della Genga was born in a family of Papal States nobility.
Priest
Della Genga was ordained as a priest in 1783.
Pope Pius VII made him his private secretary.
Bishop
In 1793, he was made Archbishop of Tyre; and he was sent as papal nuncio to Lucerne.
He was the papal nuncio in Cologne between 1794 and 1805.
After 1805, he retired to the abbey of Monticelli near Florence.
Cardinal
Tn 1816, Pius VII created him cardinal.
In 1820, Cardinal della Genga became Vicar-General of Rome.
Pope
Cardinal della Genga was elected pope 1n September 1823.
Related pages
List of popes
References
Other websites
"Leo XII", Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1911
Catholic Hierarchy, Pope Leo XII
Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church, Cardinal della Genga
Italian popes
1760 births
1829 deaths
Cyndi Lauper

Cynthia Ann Stephanie "Cyndi" Lauper (born June 22, 1953) is an American Grammy Award-winning singer, songwriter, and MTV VMA-winning video and Emmy Award-winning movie, television, and theater actress. She became very well known in the mid-1980s with the release of the album, She's So Unusual. Lauper became the first artist in history to have four top-five singles released from one album. She has released 11 albums, over 40 singles, and has sold more than 60 million albums worldwide. She continues to tour the world in support of human rights.
Discography
She's So Unusual (1983)
True Colors (1986)
A Night to Remember (1989)
Hat Full of Stars (1993)
Sisters of Avalon (1996)
Merry Christmas... Have a Nice Life (1998)
Shine (2001)
At Last (2003)
The Body Acoustic (2005)
Bring Ya to the Brink (2008)
Memphis Blues (2010)
Tours
Filmography
Awards and nominations
Grammy Awards
The Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Lauper has won one award from 15 nominations.
|-
|rowspan="5"|1985
|Cyndi Lauper
|Best New Artist
|
|-
|She's So Unusual
|Album of the Year
|
|-
|"Time After Time"
|Song of the Year
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|"Girls Just Want To Have Fun"
|Record of the Year
|
|-
|Best Female Pop Vocal Performance
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|1986
|"What A Thrill"
|Best Female Rock Vocal Performance
|
|-
|"Cyndi: Live in Paris"
|Best Long Form Music Video
|
|-
|rowspan="2"|1987
|"True Colors"
|Best Female Pop Vocal Performance
|
|-
|"911"
|Best Female Rock Vocal Performance
|
|-
|1988
|"Cyndi Lauper in Paris"
|Best Performance Music Video
|
|-
|1990
|"I Drove All Night"
|Best Female Rock Vocal Performance
|
|-
|1999
|"Disco Inferno"
|Best Dance Recording
|
|-
|2005
|"Unchained Melody"
|Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocalist(s)
|
|-
|2009
|Bring Ya To The Brink
|Best Electronic/Dance Album
|
|-
|2011
|Memphis Blues
|Best Traditional Blues Album
|
References
Singers from New York City
Singer-songwriters from New York (state)
Emmy Award winners
Grammy Award winners
1953 births
Living people
New wave singers
Mount Vernon, Georgia

Mount Vernon is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the county seat of Montgomery County.
Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
County seats in Georgia
U.S. Route 50

U.S. Route 50 or U.S. Highway 50 (US 50) is a major east-west route of the U.S. Highway system. It goes over from Interstate 80 (I-80) in West Sacramento, California, to Maryland Route 528 (MD 528) in Ocean City, Maryland, on the Atlantic Ocean. The Interstates were built later. They are mostly separate from this route. The route goes through mostly rural desert and mountains in the western United States. The part of the route that goes through Nevada is known as "The Loneliest Road in America" as it serves many empty towns in the state. In the Midwest, US 50 goes through mostly rural areas of farms, although it does go through a few big cities including Kansas City, Missouri; St. Louis, Missouri; and Cincinnati, Ohio. The route goes into the eastern United States, where it goes through the Appalachian Mountains in West Virginia; then it goes through Washington, D.C. From there, US 50 goes through Maryland as a high-speed road to Ocean City. Signs at each end give the length as , but the actual distance is slightly shorter at around 3,017 miles. This is due to small changes in the route since it was measured. US 50 goes through a total of 12 states; California, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, West Virginia, Virginia, and Maryland, as well as the District of Columbia.
References
Other websites
Endpoints of U.S. Highway 50
Kansas Highway Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
U.S. Highways
1162

Events
June 3 - Thomas Becket named Archbishop of Canterbury.
July 15 - Ladislaus II of Hungary declared King of Hungary.
July 24 - Emperor Gaozong abdicated to Emperor Xiaozong.
July 25 - Emperor Xiaozong said to restore Yue Fei after his death.
Births
October 13 - Leonora of England, queen of Alfonso VIII of Castile (died 1214)
Abd-el-latif, Baghdad traveller and writer
Genghis Khan, founder of the Mongol Empire (died 1227)
Muhammad of Ghor, Persian conqueror and sultan (died 1206)
Renier of Montferrat, Byzantine politician
Richard de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford (died 1218)
Deaths
February 10 - King Baldwin III of Jerusalem (b. 1130)
June 27 - Eudes II, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1118)
July 7 - Haakon II of Norway
August 6 - Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona
Heloise, lover of Pierre Abelard (born 1101)
Iziaslav III of Kiev
Ibn Zuhr, Arab physician (born 1090)
1162
Ticket to Paradise (2022 movie)

Ticket to Paradise is a 2022 American romantic comedy movie directed by Ol Parker and written by Parker and Daniel Pipski. It stars George Clooney and Julia Roberts.
The movie is about two divorced parents going to Bali after learning their daughter is getting married to an Indonesian man she has just met. They decide to work together to end the wedding so that her marriage does not end like theirs.
The movie is set to be released by Universal Pictures on October 21, 2022 in the United States.
References
2022 romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
Universal Pictures movies
Movies about weddings
Movies about divorce
Movies set in Indonesia
Movies directed by Ol Parker
Tevatron

The Tevatron was a giant Particle accelerator in Illinois that was used by scientists to make protons go very fast, almost the speed of light in some cases. Scientists looked at what happens when the protons hit antiprotons to see if they are right about their ideas as to what protons are made of.
The Tevatron was a circular particle accelerator at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (also known as Fermilab), just east of Batavia, Illinois. It was the second highest energy particle collider in the world after the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The Tevatron is a synchrotron that accelerates protons and antiprotons in a 6.28 km (3.90 miles) ring to energies of up to 1 TeV, hence its name. The Tevatron was completed in 1983 at a cost of $120 million ($ today) and has been regularly upgraded since then. (The 'Energy Doubler', as it was known then, produced its first accelerated beam -- 512 GeV -- on July 3, 1983.) The Main Injector was the most substantial addition, built over five years from 1994 at a cost of $290 million. The Tevatron was shut down on September 30, 2011.
The Large Hadron Collider was later built in Switzerland to look for one of those pieces, called the Higgs Boson. The LHC broke and is now being fixed. The Tevatron scientists also tried to find the Higgs Boson. They need to do this before the LHC is fixed, because the LHC is much better at finding things.
The scientists at the Tevatron had a year's headstart on the scientists at the LHC. Whoever finds the Higgs will be honored by other scientists. That is why the scientists at the Tevatron wanted to find it before the scientists at the LHC.
The Tevatron discovered three of the 17 fundamental particles including the top quark. The main ring of the Tevatron will probably be reused in future experiments, and its components may be transferred to other particle accelerators.
References
Nuclear physics
Fermilab
Crewe Works

Crewe railway works is a British railway engineering facility built in 1840 by the Grand Junction Railway. It is located in the town of Crewe, in Cheshire. It is currently owned by Bombardier Transportation. At its height, Crewe Works employed over 20,000 people. In 2005 fewer than 1,000 remained on site, with a further 270 redundancies announced in November 2005. More cutbacks, or even closure, are possible. Current work is largely focused on general maintenance and the inspection of seriously damaged rolling stock. Much of the site once occupied by the works has been sold off and is now occupied by a supermarket, leisure park, and a large new health centre.
Rail transport in Great Britain
British Rail
Buildings and structures in Cheshire
Ondřej Palát

Ondrej Palat (born 28 March 1991) is a Czech professional ice hockey winger. He is an alternate captain of the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted in the seventh round, 208th overall, by the Lightning at the 2011 NHL Entry Draft.
Other websites
1991 births
American Hockey League players
Czech ice hockey players
Drummondville Voltigeurs players
Living people
Syracuse Crunch players
Tampa Bay Lightning players
F minor

F minor is a minor scale based on F. The harmonic minor raises the E to E. Its key signature has four flats.
Its relative major is A-flat major, and its parallel major is F major.
F minor is a key that people often link with passion. Some famous pieces in the key of F minor are Beethoven's Appassionata Sonata, Haydn's Symphony No. 49 in F minor, La Passione, and Vivaldi's The Four Seasons.
In the Baroque period, music in F minor was usually written with a three-flat key signature. Some modern printings of such music keeps it written that way.
Notable songs
Adele - Hello
Mani Svavarsson - We Are Number One
Notable compositions
String Quartet No. 11, Op. 95 "Serioso" - Ludwig van Beethoven
Violin Concerto L'inverno, RV 297, Op. 8, No. 4 - Antonio Vivaldi
Piano Sonata No. 23, Op. 57 (Appassionata) - Ludwig van Beethoven
Fantasia in F minor - Franz Schubert
Fantaisie in F minor, Op. 49 - Frederic Chopin
Harpsichord Concerto No. 5, BWV 1056 - Johann Sebastian Bach
Ballade No. 4, Op. 52 - Chopin
Piano Quintet, Op. 34 - Johannes Brahms
Piano Concerto No. 2, Op. 21 - Chopin
E-sharp minor
The enharmonic equivalent of F minor is E-sharp minor. It is a minor scale based on the musical note E#. Its key signature has six sharps and one double sharp.
Other websites
Musical keys
Minor scales
Strong acid

In chemistry, a strong acid is an acid which ionizes (splits) completely in a solution of water. It always loses a proton (A H+) when put in water. A weak acid does not always lose a proton, though; It can lose its proton, but not all the time. They also have a very low pH, usually between 1 and 3. Many strong acids have a negative pKa value, which means they are very strong.
The six common strong acids are: (Acronym:CBSPIN)
HydroChloric acid HCl
HydroBromic acid HBr
Sulfuric acid H2SO4
Perchloric acid HClO4
HydroIodic acid HI
Nitric acid HNO3
Almost strong acids include:
Chloric acid HClO3
Acids
Chaffois

Chaffois is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
Kabsa

Kabsa is the national dish of Saudi Arabia. It is a dish made of rice and meat, cooked either separately or together. It can be made with spices and camel meat, lamb, chicken or fish. It is usually eaten for lunch and sometimes for dinner. Kabsa is often a dish for a group of people. The kabsa is normally served on a round metal dish placed on the floor and people eat with their right hand, although a spoon may bGf8f9f9f8f98G98G98s such as Kuwait, Bahrain and other Gulf countries.
Saudi Arabian culture
Middle Eastern foods
Division of Longman

The Division of Longman is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. It was set up in 1994. The division is named after Irene Longman, the first female member of the Parliament of Queensland and the third woman elected to a parliament in Australia.
Longman covers much of the Moreton Bay Region. It includes Beachmere, Bribie Island, Burpengary, Dakabin, Donnybrook, Kallangur, Ningi, Toorbul, Caboolture, Morayfield, Wamuran Woodford and Narangba.
Members
Election results
References
Other websites
Division of Longman (Qld) -- Australian Electoral Commission
Wyatt Roy's website
Electoral divisions of Australia
Queensland
1996 establishments
1990s establishments in Australia
Niki FM

"Niki FM" is a song by Hawthorne Heights. It is one of their most famous songs, and their second hit.
The band's singer, JT, says it is his most personal song from the album The Silence in Black and White, and is his favourite song to perform live in concert. They still play it at concerts, although without the harsh vocals that are on the single.
Music video
The music video for Niki FM starts with a room with a lot of people in. JT is at the front, and someone in the audience is touching someone's leg. The video also includes JT being kissed by another woman. It shows him in a room tearing a picture in two and he stares at it. He has a radio and goes outside the young woman's house to match with the lyrics "I'm outside of your window, with my radio". The girl walks away and leaves him, and the song finishes.
References
2004 songs
Monchecourt

Monchecourt is a commune. It is in the Nord department in northern France.
References
Communes in Nord
Rustavi

Rustavi () is a city in Georgia. It was founded in the 4th century by Trdat of Iberia. In the 13th century, it became empty. Rustavi was rebuilt in the 20th century. Rustavi has the Rustavi Metallurgical Plant. As of 2014, the city had 125,103 people.
Other websites
Official Site of City
Settlements in Georgia (country)
4th-century establishments
Paris Dauphine University

The Universite Paris-Dauphine (Dauphine) is one of the seven universities in Paris.
Created in 1971 after the division of the University of Paris with the name "Universite Paris-IX", in 2004 it took the current name of "Universite Paris-Dauphine", as well as the status of a large institution, but not a university.
Notable graduates
Alain Mabanckou, a writer
Yves Meyer, French mathematician
References
Other websites
Dauphine , official web site
1971 establishments in France
Universities in Paris
Ronan O'Rahilly

Ronan O'Rahilly (21 May 1940 - 20 April 2020) was an Irish businessman. He is known for the creation of the British radio station, Radio Caroline. For a time he was the manager of Australian actor George Lazenby. While filming On Her Majesty's Secret Service (1969), O'Rahilly convinced Lazenby to turn down a contract of seven James Bond movies. He also served as an executive producer of The Girl on a Motorcycle (1968) and Universal Soldier (1971).
O'Rahilly died of vascular dementia on 20 April 2020. He was 79.
References
Other websites
1940 births
2020 deaths
Irish businesspeople
Deaths from vascular dementia
Irish movie producers
Inezita Barroso

Ignez Magdalena Aranha de Lima "Inezita" Barroso (4 March 1925 - 8 March 2015), was a Brazilian sertanejo singer, guitarist, actress, TV presenter, librarian, folklorist and teacher.
In 1953 and 1955 she was awarded with Premio Saci.
Barroso died of a long illness in Sao Paulo, Brazil, aged 90.
References
1925 births
2015 deaths
Singers from Sao Paulo
Brazilian guitarists
Brazilian television presenters
Brazilian educators
Actors from Sao Paulo
Musicians from Sao Paulo
Grant Park, Illinois

Grant Park is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Villages in Illinois
Lake Bonney (South Australia)

Lake Bonney is a coastal freshwater lake in South Australia. Lake Bonney is the lake that was talked about in the song, "My Bonnie" by the Beatles.
Bonney
Curel, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence

Curel is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeastern France.
References
Communes in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy describes the way specially skilled people called psychotherapists help people who have problems and unhappiness in their lives or who want to improve the quality of their lives and relationships with others.
Psychotherapy means treatment of the mind. It aims to help the person feel better, be braver, happier and more in control of their lives. The main way they do this is by talking to the person who has the problems in a way that they begin to be able to understand themselves better. Some psychotherapists may work with a group of people such as a family who have problems and are unhappy.
Training
Psychotherapists usually complete their training at the doctoral level through doctor of philosophy programs or medical school, although, some are trained at the master's level. Psychotherapists do not use surgery, or give drugs or electric shocks to the people they help. These methods are used by special medical doctors called psychiatrists, who may also sometimes give psychotherapy.
How it started
Psychotherapy was started in the west in 1886 by Sigmund Freud, the first modern psychotherapist. Freud was a medical doctor who was trained in neurology. He became certain that hidden thoughts in the brain (which he called the Unconscious) could cause physical symptoms and strange behavior in some people. He believed that human behavior was not all caused by the brain, but by things that happened to people when they were babies and young children. His research of this theory -the idea he had- led him to create "talking therapy" , where he tried to figure out what could cause the mind to do things like this. Freud thought that his figuring things out and telling the patients what had caused the behavior would cure the patient. Unfortunately, it usually made no lasting changes.
This is why modern psychologists have gradually figured out many other ways of helping their patients and modified their techniques through methods other than psychotherapy. Hans Eysenck has suggested psychotherapy is discredited.
Psychology
Therapy
99 Bottles of Beer

"99 Bottles of Beer" is a sea shanty written around the mid-1900s. No one knows who wrote it. It is a backwards counting song in both the United States and Canada.
Lyrics
The words to the song are:
Alternative lines:
If one of those bottles should happen to fall, (there'd be )98 bottles of beer on the wall...
Or:
If one of those bottles should accidentally fall, (there'd be )98 bottles of beer on the wall...
We repeat the line many times, with one less bottle each time. When there are no bottles left, a different line is used. Some lines that can be used for when there are no bottles are:
No more bottles of beer on the wall, no more bottles of beer.
Go to the store and buy some more 99 bottles of beer on the wall...
Or:
No more bottles of beer on the wall, no more bottles of beer.
We've taken them down and passed them around; now we're drunk and passed out!
Other alternate lines read:
If that one bottle should happen to fall, what a waste of alcohol!
Or:
No more bottles of beer on the wall, no more bottles of beer( on the wall).
There's nothing else to fall, because there's no more bottles of beer on the wall.
Sometimes, the song does not stop when there are 1 or no bottles of beer left. In this case, the song keeps going with -1, -2, -3, and so on bottles of beer.
Andy Kaufman routine
American comedian Andy Kaufman had a comedy bit where he would sing all 100 verses. This was considered funny because the song is not usually completed due to its length.
Atticus
Atticus, a band from Knoxville, Tennessee, recorded a version of the song in front of people. It took 13 and a half minutes. It was recorded at a Glasgow, Scotland bar called The Cathouse. It was included in the 2001 album Figment. Rich Stewart, also known as Barroom Rambler, called it the number one drinking song out of 86 in an article for Modern Drunkard Magazine.
Math versions
Donald Byrd has dozens of versions of the song. These versions are inspired by math topics. The songs written by himself and others, and some of them have been published. Byrd says that the collection is fun and a good way to teach about infinity. Among his versions are:Infinite bottles of beer on the wall,
infinite bottles of beer;
If one of those bottles should happen to fall,
infinite bottles of beer on the wall.Infinite bottles of beer on the wall,
infinite bottles of beer;
If finite bottles should happen to fall,
infinite bottles of beer on the wall.These two verses can be repeated forever.
References
Other websites
99 Bottles of OOP Book
Children's songs
1900s songs
John Hartson

John Hartson (born 5 April 1975) is a former Welsh football player. He has played for Wales national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1993/94||rowspan="2"|Luton Town||rowspan="2"|First Division||34||6
|-
|1994/95||20||5
|-
|1994/95||rowspan="3"|Arsenal||rowspan="3"|Premier League||15||7
|-
|1995/96||19||4
|-
|1996/97||19||3
|-
|1996/97||rowspan="3"|West Ham United||rowspan="3"|Premier League||11||5
|-
|1997/98||32||15
|-
|1998/99||17||4
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="3"|Wimbledon||rowspan="2"|Premier League||14||2
|-
|1999/00||16||10
|-
|2000/01||First Division||19||8
|-
|2000/01||Coventry City||Premier League||12||6
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="5"|Celtic||rowspan="5"|Premier League||31||19
|-
|2002/03||27||18
|-
|2003/04||15||9
|-
|2004/05||38||25
|-
|2005/06||35||18
|-
|2006/07||West Bromwich Albion||League Championship||21||5
|-
|2007/08||Norwich City||League Championship||4||0
253||80
146||89
399||169
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1995||4||0
|-
|1996||3||0
|-
|1997||4||1
|-
|1998||3||1
|-
|1999||4||0
|-
|2000||2||0
|-
|2001||6||4
|-
|2002||7||2
|-
|2003||7||3
|-
|2004||5||3
|-
|2005||6||0
|-
!Total||51||14
|}
References
Welsh footballers
People from Swansea
1975 births
Living people
Antonina Girycz

Antonina Girycz (20 February 1939 - 19 January 2022) was a Polish actress. She appeared in more than 50 movies and television shows. Her career began in 1966. Girycz was known for her roles in Katastrofa (1965) and A Woman's Decision (1975). She was born in Berdyczow, Poland.
Girycz died on 19 January 2022 at the age of 82.
References
1939 births
2022 deaths
Polish movie actors
Polish television actors
Polish stage actors
Polish voice actors
College Football Hall of Fame

The College Football Hall of Fame is a hall of fame and museum for college football. It is in downtown Atlanta, GA in the United States.
Inductees
The people in the College Football Hall of Fame (also called Inductees) include:
Whitey Wistert
Association of Tennis Professionals

The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) is the most important organization for men's professional tennis.
History
ATP started in September 1972 by Donald Dell, Jack Kramer, and Cliff Drysdale. Its job is to care for the interests of men's professional tennis. Starting in 1990, the ATP has organized the most important group of tennis competitions for men. In 2009, the organization changed the name of the competitions from "ATP Tour" to "ATP World Tour." ATP is based in London.
ATP rankings
Rankings as of 28 July 2014.
Singles
Doubles
References
Other websites
1972 establishments
ATP World Tour
Tennis organisations
Organisations based in London
The Devil All the Time (movie)

The Devil All the Time is a 2020 American psychological thriller movie directed by Antonio Campos. It is based on the novel of the same name by Donald Ray Pollock.
It stars Tom Holland, Harry Melling, Bill Skarsgard, Riley Keough, Jason Clarke, Sebastian Stan, Haley Bennett, Eliza Scanlen, with Mia Wasikowska and Robert Pattinson.
The Devil All the Time was released in select theaters on September 11, 2020, and digitally on Netflix on September 16, 2020. It received mixed reviews from critics.
References
2020 thriller movies
Netflix movies
American psychological movies
American thriller movies
Movies based on books
German Flatts, New York

German Flatts is a town in Herkimer County, New York, United States. The population was 13,258 at the 2010 census.
References
Towns in New York (state)
Fan

Fan commonly refers to:
Fan (machine), a machine for making airflow, often used for cooling.
Fan (person), short for fanatic; a supporter, especially at entertainment or sports
Fan, FAN or fans may also refer to:
Geology
Abyssal fan
Alluvial fan
Outwash plain
Technology
Turbofan, a type of jet engine
Related pages
Fandom (disambiguation)
Mollet del Vallès

Mollet del Valles is a municipality of 51,600 people (2020). It is in the province of Barcelona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain.
Cities in Catalonia
Municipalities in Catalonia
Toudon

Toudon is a commune. It is in Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Alpes-Maritimes department in south France.
Communes in Alpes-Maritimes
Roseburg, Oregon

Roseburg is a city in the U.S. state of Oregon. According to the U.S. Census 21,181 people lived in Roseburg in 2010.
On 1 October 2015, a gunman killed twelve people and injured twenty others at Umpqua Community College in Roseburg.
References
Cities in Oregon
County seats in Oregon
Flag of Chile

The national flag of Chile was adopted in 1817.
Appearance
The flag shows two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red; there is a blue square the same height as the white band at the hoist-side end of the white band; the square bears a white five-pointed star in the center.
Protocol dictates that it can hang horizontally or vertically, but the star must always be located in the top-left corner.
The colors have meanings:
Red: represents blood of patriots who fought for independence.
White: represents snow of the Andes.
Blue: represents the blue of the skies.
Single star: stresses the fact that Chile is an unitarian republic.
Note: the Chilean flag is similar to the flag of the state of Texas.
Related pages
Chile
Other websites
Description in Flags of the World
Chile
National symbols of Chile
Parfondeval, Aisne

Parfondeval, Aisne is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Related pages
Communes of the Aisne department
Communes in Aisne
Préfailles

Prefailles is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Traditional pop

Traditional pop, also called standard music, is a genre (or type) of Western popular music that was popular before the beginning of rock and roll in the middle of 1950s. The most popular and ever-lasting songs during this period of music are also known as pop standards or American standards.
About
The works of these songwriters are usually considered part of the great pieces known as the "Great American Songbook". In general, the word "standard" means any popular song that has become very widely known within our basic culture.
"Traditional pop" is now also currently used for standard music, as one category of popular music in Grammy Awards. AllMusic defines traditional pop as "post-big band and pre-rock & roll pop music."
History
On the Broadway, Tin Pan Alley, and Hollywood show in the 1930s and 1940s, a number of popular songs were written by many songwriters - such as: Irving Berlin, Frederick Loewe, Victor Herbert, Harry Warren, Harold Arlen, Jerome Kern, George Gershwin and Ira Gershwin, Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart, Oscar Hammerstein, Johnny Mercer, Dorothy Fields, Hoagy Carmichael and Cole Porter.
Good improvements were added then. These are string sections or orchestral parts and put more importance on the vocal presentation before the listenners. In this way, rich sounds of strings can be heard in much of the popular music throughout the 1940s and 1950s. Songs made by these writers became popular among people in America. Some of these are now forgotten, but others called standards by people at present time.
In 1960s, rock and roll appeared in music scene and became more popular than such standard music. But some singers like Frank Sinatra, Doris Day, Tony Bennett and others still remained popular on television and radio.
Harry Nilsson recorded an album "A Little Touch of Schmilsson In the Night" in 1973 with orchestra by Gordon Jenkins. In 1980s, Linda Ronstadt, a popular female singer sang and recorded albums of standard songs. She performed with Nelson Riddle orchestra. Recordings by Rod Stewart's It Had to Be You: The Great American Songbook, Willie Nelson's Stardust and Carly Simon's Torch were made public. These were great successes on the music scene.
Related pages
Songwriter
References
More information
Qing Mu Qi , "popiyuraYin Le 200Nian - huosutakarabobudeiranmade", Cheng Wen Tang Xin Guang She , 1976
Gang Bu You Zi Bian , "popiyurasutaShi Dian (en: "Who's Who in Popular Music", Yin Le Zhi You She , 1976
American music
American pop singers
Popular culture
Thea White

Thea Ruth White (nee Zitzner; June 16, 1940 - July 30, 2021) was an American voice actress. She was best known for her voice over work as Muriel Bagge on Courage the Cowardly Dog. She was born in Newark, New Jersey.
White was married to Andy White from 1983 until his death in 2015.
White died on July 30, 2021 in Cleveland, Ohio from an infection caused by liver cancer surgery, aged 81.
References
Other websites
Thea White's official website
1940 births
2021 deaths
American voice actors
American television actors
Actors from Newark, New Jersey
Deaths from surgical complications
Infectious disease deaths in New Jersey
Deaths from liver cancer
Cancer deaths in New Jersey
Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide

Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) s a hydrophilic salt. Its chemical formula is LiC2F6NO4S2. It is commonly used as a source of lithium ions in electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries. It is an alternative to the commonly used lithium hexafluorophosphate. It is made up of one lithium cation and a bistriflimide anion. LiTFSI is toxic if swallowed. It is toxic in contact with skin and can cause severe skin burns. Therefore, sealed batteries must not be opened.
References
Lithium compounds
2022 Formula One World Championship

The 2022 FIA Formula One World Championship is a motor racing championship for Formula One cars. This is the 73rd running of the Formula One World Championship.
Max Verstappen was reigning Driver's Championship, claimed the second title after winning the Japanese Grand Prix. Verstappen due to leave Red Bull Racing shortly after winning the title. He was the first reigning champion to do so since Nigel Mansell in . He signed Action Express Racing at the 2023 IMSA SportsCar Championship, while his team, Red Bull Racing, achieved their fifth World Constructor Championship at the following United States Grand Prix. Mercedes were the reigning Constructors' Champions.
Entries
The following constructors and drivers are currently under contract to compete in the 2022 World Championship. All teams compete with tyres supplied by Pirelli. Each team is required to enter at least two drivers, one for each of the two mandatory cars.
Driver changes
Prior to the 2021 Dutch Grand Prix, Kimi Raikkonen announced his intention to retire at the end of the championship, ending his Formula One career after 19 seasons. Raikkonen's seat at Alfa Romeo was filled by Valtteri Bottas, who left Mercedes at the end of 2021. George Russell replaced Bottas, vacating his seat at Williams which was filled by former Red Bull Racing driver Alexander Albon.
Formula 2 driver Zhou Guanyu graduated to Formula One with Alfa Romeo, in place of Antonio Giovinazzi, who left the team at the end of 2021.
Nikita Mazepin was originally due to compete for Haas for a second consecutive year. Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine and Uralkali's title sponsorship cancellation, his contract was terminated. He was replaced by Kevin Magnussen, who last competed in with the same team.
Mid-season changes
During Bahrain Grand Prix weekend, Sebastian Vettel tested positive for coronavirus. He was replaced at Aston Martin by reserve driver Nico Hulkenberg, who last raced at the 2020 Eifel Grand Prix, driving for former team Racing Point. Vettel was also replaced by Hulkenberg at the subsequent Saudi Arabian Grand Prix.
During the Italian Grand Prix weekend, Alexander Albon suffered from appendicitis. He was replaced at Williams by the Mercedes reserve driver 2020-21 Formula E and 2019 Formula 2 Champion Nyck de Vries, who made his Formula One race debut.
Calendar
Results and standings
Grands Prix
Driver's standings
Notes:
- Driver did not finish the Grand Prix but was classified, as he completed more than 90% of the race distance.
Non-championship race
Notes
References
Other websites
Formula One
Formula One seasons