pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Refinancing

Loan refinancing refers to the process of taking out a new loan to pay off one or more outstanding loans. Borrowers usually refinance in order to receive lower interest rates or to otherwise reduce their repayment amount. For debtors struggling to pay off their loans, refinancing can also be used to get a longer term loan with lower monthly payments. In these cases, the total amount paid will increase, as interest will have to be paid for a longer period of time.Loan refinancing refers to the process of taking out a new loan to pay off one or more outstanding loans. Borrowers usually refinance in order to receive lower interest rates or to otherwise reduce their repayment amount. For debtors struggling to pay off their loans, refinancing can also be used to get a longer term loan with lower monthly payments. In these cases, the total amount paid will increase, as interest will have to be paid for a longer period of time. Refinancing also means providing the central bank of commercial banks with additional reserves on a credit basis, such as borrowed reserves. The initiators of refinancing are commercial banks. They turn to the central bank in case of exhaustion of opportunities to replenish their reserves from other sources.
Accounting
Miss Representation

Miss Representation is a 2011 American documentary film. It was written, directed, and produced by Jennifer Siebel Newsom. It is about how the American media is sexist. The documentary has interviews with Condoleezza Rice, Margaret Cho, Jane Fonda, Lisa Ling, Nancy Pelosi, Katie Couric, Rachel Maddow, Rosario Dawson, Cory Booker, Geena Davis, Dr. Jackson Katz, Dr. Jean Kilbourne, and Gloria Steinem. On January 22, 2011 the film was shown at the Sundance Film Festival. Miss Representation won Outstanding Documentary at the 2012 Gracie Allen Awards.
References
2011 movies
Feminism
American independent movies
Ramvik

Ramvik is a locality in Vasternorrland County in Sweden. In 2010, 691 people lived there. The locality is bimunicipal. That means it spans across the borderlines of two municipalities (Harnosand Municipality and Kramfors Municipality).
Ramvik was the home of Swedish politician Thorbjorn Falldin.
References
Settlements in Vasternorrland County
John Le Fondré

John Alexander Nicholas Le Fondre is a Jersey politician. He is the Chief Minister of Jersey. He entered the States Assembly in 2005.
References
Living people
Chief Ministers of Jersey
Duhok Governorate

Dahuk (also Dohuk or Duhok, , , Duhok, Assyrian: nwhdr', Nohadra) is a province in north of Iraq. The capital is also called Dahuk. 510,000 people live in the province.
References
Kurdistan
Provinces of Iraq
Himalayan Persian

The Himalayan Persian (or Colourpoint Persian as it is commonly referred to in Europe), is a breed or sub-breed of long-haired cat identical in type to the Persian, with the exception of its blue eyes and its point colouration, which were derived from crossing the Persian with the Siamese.
Some registries may classify the Himalayan as a long-haired sub-breed of Siamese, or a colorpoint sub-breed of Persian. The World Cat Federation has merged them with the Colorpoint Shorthair and Javanese into a single breed, the Colorpoint. Sometimes the breed is called Pakistani breed. The Himalayan Persian is the National Cat of Pakistan..
Notes
References
National symbols of Pakistan
Cat breeds
Silke Jonkman

Silke Jonkman (born 26 January 1997) is a Dutch long distance runner. Jonkman represents the Netherlands internationally.
She is trained by Eddy Kiemel. In 2021 she won the silver medal at the national championshpis in the cross event. In April 2022 she won the Klap tot Klaploop.
She competed at the 2022 European Athletics Championships in the 10,000 metres event where she finished eleventh.
References
1997 births
Dutch long-distance runners
Living people
Jane Froman

Jane Froman (November 10, 1907 - April 22, 1980) was an American singer and actress. She acted in several movies, such as Kissing Time and Radio City Rebels. She hosted her own television show The Jane Froman Show from 1952 to 1955.
In February 1953, Froman was in an airplane crash. She was badly injured and crippled. After this she had to use crutches to walk.
Froman was born in the St. Louis suburb of University City, Missouri. She died from cardiac arrest, in Columbia, Missouri. She was aged 72.
References
American television actors
American movie actors
Musicians from Missouri
Actors from Missouri
1907 births
1980 deaths
Günter Blobel

Gunter Blobel (May 21, 1936 - February 18, 2018) was a German-born American biochemist. His native city, Waltersdorf, now belongs to Poland.
He has received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1999 for his studies concerning protein targeting.
Blobel died in New York City on February 18, 2018 of prostate cancer at the age of 81.
References
1936 births
2018 deaths
Rockefeller University faculty
Academics from Maryland
American biochemists
American Nobel Prize winners
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Prussian scientists
German Nobel Prize winners
Ali Mabkhout

Ali Ahmed Mabkhout Mohsen Al Hajeri (; born 5 October 1990) is a professional association football player who plays for Al Jazira and the United Arab Emirates national team.
He used to play in the youth system, and played his first game out of the youth system for Al Jazira in 2009.
Club career
Mabkhout played in the AFC Champions League for the first time against Al Ittihad on 22 April 2009, after coming on as a substitute. On 19 May 2009, he scored his first Asian Champions League goal in the 49th minute against Esteghlal. The game ended in a 2-2 draw.
International career
In the 2015 AFC Asian Cup quarter-finals, Mabkhout scored the first goal against Japan to make it 1-0 and it was played at Stadium Australia in Sydney. He also scored in the penalty shootout against Japan. UAE ended up winning 5-4 in penalties.
On 10 October 2019, Mabkhout scored a hat-trick against Indonesia in a 5-0 win. He then became the highest goalscorer on the national team.
Career statistics
Club
International
Honours
Al Jazira
UAE Pro League: 2010-11, 2016-17, 2020-21
UAE President's Cup: 2010-11, 2011-12
Etisalat Emirates Cup: 2009-10
United Arab Emirates U23
GCC U-23 Championship: 2010
Asian Games silver medal: 2010
United Arab Emirates
Arabian Gulf Cup: 2013
AFC Asian Cup third place: 2015
Individual
UAE Pro League top scorer: 2016-17, 2020-21
Arabian Gulf Cup top scorer: 2014, 2019
AFC Asian Cup top scorer: 2015
AFC Asian Cup Team of the Tournament: 2015, 2019
References
Other websites
1990 births
Living people
Association football forwards
Footballers at the 2012 Summer Olympics
2019 AFC Asian Cup players
Emirati sportspeople
Louise Michel (Paris Métro)

Louise Michel is a station of the Paris Metro, serving Line 3. It is located in the commune of Levallois-Perret northwest of the French capital, Paris.
History
Before 1946, this station was named Vallier after a mountain (2839m)in the Pyrenees near the Val d'Aran.
The station was renamed on May 1, 1946 to Louise Michel, in honour of the French anarchist and communarde.
Public transport in Paris
Rail transport in France
Darhal Malkan

Darhal Malkan is a town and notified constituency of Rajouri District Indian State of Jammu & Kashmir.
Darhal is a Tehsil in Rajauri District of Jammu & Kashmir State, India.
It is at 1671 m elevation (altitude). Urdu is the local language. People also speak Gojri and Dogri.
It is cold in summer. Darhal summer highest day temperature is in between 19 degC to 43 degC. Average temperatures of January is 11 degC, February is 13 degC, March is 19 degC, April is 24 degC, May is 30 degC .
References
Towns in Jammu and Kashmir
Nemir Kirdar

Nemir A. Kirdar ( - 9 June 2020) was an Iraqi-British businessman and financier. He founded Investcorp, and was CEO for over 30 years until he stood down in 2015 to became chairman until his retirement in 2017. He was born in Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq.
Kirdar died at his home in Cap D'Antibes, France from dementia-related problems on 9 June 2020, aged 83.
References
Other websites
1933 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from dementia
Businesspeople from London
Kavango West

Kavango West is a region in Namibia. The capital is Nkurenkuru. The region was created in 2013, when the Kavango Region was split into Kavango East and Kavango West.
There are 8 constituencies:
Kapako
Mankumpi
Mpungu
Musese
Ncamangoro
Ncuncuni
Nkurenkuru
Tondoro
2013 establishments in Namibia
Regions of Namibia
Stelio Craveirinha

Stelio Craveirinha (3 March 1950 - 11 October 2020) was a Mozambican athlete. He competed in the men's long jump at the 1980 Summer Olympics.
Craveirinha died on 11 October 2020 at a hospital in Maputo, Mozambique at the age of 70.
References
1950 births
2020 deaths
Long jumpers
Olympians
Mozambican sportspeople
Villiers-sous-Mortagne

Villiers-sous-Mortagne is a commune in the Orne department in northwest France.
Communes in Orne
Zebulon, Georgia

Zebulon is a city in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the county seat of Pike County.
Cities in Georgia (U.S. state)
County seats in Georgia
Ju Gau-jeng

Ju Gau-jeng (; 6 October 1954 - 22 October 2021) was a Taiwanese politician. He was in the Legislative Yuan from 1987 to 1999. He was a member of the Democratic Progressive Party. Ju was born in Yunlin County, Taiwan.
Ju died on 22 October 2021 in Taipei, Taiwan from colorectal cancer, two weeks after his 67th birthday.
References
1954 births
2021 deaths
Taiwanese politicians
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Yeovil Town F.C.

Yeovil Town F.C. is a football club that plays in England.
Name
1895-1907 Yeovil Casuals F.C.
1907-1908 Yeovil Town F.C.
1908-1914 Petters United F.C.
1914-1946 Yeovil & Petters United F.C.
1946-present Yeovil Town F.C.
League position
English football clubs
1895 establishments in England
Curing (chemistry)

In chemistry, curing is the name of a process that strengthens the links between polymers. When it is used with rubber, this process is called vulcanization.
Polymer chemistry
Chemical processes
The Last Supper

The Last Supper is a painting by Leonardo da Vinci. It is a picture of the last supper of Jesus and his disciples. It shows how they reacted when Jesus said that one of them would betray him. Each disciple has their own expression showing their own reaction to what Jesus has just told them.
The painting is a mural on the wall of the Santa Maria delle Grazie rectory in the dining room in Milan, Italy. It measures 460 X 880 cm. Da Vinci began painting it in 1495 and finished it in 1498, but did not work on it all the time between these years. Some people think the painting has secret messages.
Paintings with Christian themes
Paintings by Leonardo da Vinci
15th-century paintings
Center (American football)

Center (C) is a position in American football and Canadian football. The center is the innermost lineman of the offensive line on a football team's offense. The center is also the player who passes (or "snaps") the ball between his legs to the quarterback at the start of each play.
Besides that centers protect the quarterback and block for the running back during a play.
American football positions
Mophun

Mophun is a computing platform used to run portable code on embedded and mobile devices. Some phones and other devices support Mophun. Sony Ericsson phones, especially the Sony Ericsson T300 and Sony Ericsson T610, are the best known devices for running Mophun. It was designed by Synergenix Interactive. Most Mophun programs are around 50-150 kB in size.
Programs for Mophun are written in assembler in C and C++ using a well-documented and open API. A special version of GCC is used to compile programs.
Despite the API being very easy for programmers to use, Mophun has not been very popular. The main reason for this seems to be the strict approval process - the compiled program can only be run under an emulator, and Synergenix must approve the program so it can be used on a mobile device. The approved program can only be run under one IMEI number. Only developers registered and approved by Synergix can use self-certification (and through the Synergenix server), and they are only allowed to have one IMEI number. The developer must sign a sales contract with Synergenix, which then shares and approves it for end-users, so the program can be shared. Such a process disallows free programs to be created for Mophun, and also discourages many developers from developing programs for Mophun.
Supported platforms
Sony Ericsson: T230, T230, T237, T238, T290 (T290a, T290i, T290c), T300, T302, T306, T310, T312, T316, T610, T616, T618, T628, T630, T637, P800, P802, P900, P908, P910, Z600, Z608
All phones running Symbian under the Series 60 (V1, V2 and V3) or UIQ 3.x user interfaces
All Windows Mobile Smartphones running at a resolution of 176x220 or 240x320
Archos: Gmini 400, Gmini 402, PMA400, AV700
Medion, PAVO, TTPCom: MD95674
Voxtel: VS400
References
Other websites
Mophun
Synergenix , the creator of Mophun
Website for developers
Mobile phones
Prime Minister of Zimbabwe

The Prime Minister of Zimbabwe was a political office in the government of Zimbabwe. The first person to hold the position was Robert Mugabe from 1980 to 1987 following independence from the United Kingdom. He took office when Southern Rhodesia became the Republic of Zimbabwe on 18 April 1980.
This position was abolished when the constitution was amended in 1987 and Mugabe became President of Zimbabwe. The office of Prime Minister was restored in 2009 and held by Morgan Tsvangirai until the position was again abolished by the 2013 Constitution of Zimbabwe.
Prime Ministers of Zimbabwe (1980-1987; 2009-2013)
Political parties
References
Acoustic music

Acoustic music is music which is played by using acoustic musical instruments, i.e. instruments in which the sound is not made louder by electronic amplification. Before electronic musical instruments were created in the 20th century all instruments were acoustic.
Classical music is usually played using only acoustic musical instruments, although some 20th century composers such as Karlheinz Stockhausen used electronic instruments, sometimes together with acoustic instruments.
References
Music
Ceuta Cathedral

The Cathedral of St Mary of the Assumption () is the Roman Catholic cathedral of the Spanish city of Ceuta located in a small exclave on the north coast of Africa.
The cathedral is a 15th-century structure, built on the site of a sixth-century Christian church. The cathedral contains works of art dating from the 17th century to the present day.
References
Other websites
Roman Catholic cathedrals in Spain
Ceuta
15th-century buildings and structures
Athokpam

Athokpam is a Meitei family. It is native to Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur). People of this family mainly live in Manipur, India.
Other websites
http://www.mychildnames.com/mobile/similar-surname.aspx?surname=Athokpam
http://www.indiachildnames.com/mobile/similarfamilyname.aspx?surname=Athokpam
References
Meitei surnames
Ali Wong

Alexandra Wong (born April 19, 1982) is an American actress, comedian, producer, and writer. She is known for her Netflix stand-up specials Baby Cobra and Hard Knock Wife, as well as her television appearances in American Housewife, Are You There, Chelsea?, Inside Amy Schumer, and Black Box.
She also wrote for the first three seasons of the sitcom Fresh Off the Boat. In 2019, she starred in Always Be My Maybe.
References
1982 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American television producers
American television writers
Actors from San Francisco
Writers from San Francisco
Screenwriters from California
Comedians from San Francisco
Umeå Pentecostal Church

The Umea Pentecostal Church () is a church building in Umea, Sweden. It belongs to the Swedish Pentecostal Movement. It is located in the eastern parts of town. The church was earlier known as the Philadelphia Church (). The church hosted the broadcastings of Swedish TV programme Hela kyrkan sjunger.
References
Churches in Sweden
Umea
Mounds, Oklahoma

Mounds is a town of Oklahoma in the United States.
Towns in Oklahoma
Trois-Rivières, Somme

Trois-Rivieres is a commune. It is found in the region Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in the north of France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2019 and consists of the former communes of Pierrepont-sur-Avre (the seat), Contoire and Hargicourt.
References
2019 establishments in France
Communes in Somme
Canton, Minnesota

Canton is a city in Fillmore County, Minnesota, United States.
Cities in Minnesota
FC Aarau

FC Aarau is a Swiss football club which plays in Aarau.
Other websites
FC Aarau official website
20th-century establishments in Switzerland
1902 establishments in Europe
Aarau
Aargau
Bat-Sheva Dagan

Bat-Sheva Dagan () (born September 8, 1925) is a Polish-Israeli Holocaust survivor, educator, author, and speaker. She was born in Lodz, Poland.
Holocaust
She was incarcerated in a ghetto in Radom with her parents and two sisters in 1940. After her parents and a sister were deported and murdered in Treblinka in August 1942, she escaped to Germany, but was discovered, imprisoned, and deported to Auschwitz in May 1943. After spending 20 months in Auschwitz, she survived two death marches and was liberated by British troops in May 1945. She was the only survivor of her family.
After the Holocaust
Dagan and her husband settled in Israel, where she taught kindergarten and later obtained degrees in educational counseling and psychology. She went on to author books, poems, and songs for children and young adults on Holocaust themes, and developed psychological and pedagogical methods for teaching the Holocaust to children. She is thought a pioneer in children's Holocaust education.
Awards and honors
In 2008 Dagan was named Woman of the Year in Education by Yad Vashem for her works to Holocaust teaching for children. She was also named an Outstanding Member of the City of Holon. In 2012 she was honored as one of the torch lighters at ceremonies marking Yom HaShoah.
References
Other websites
1925 births
Living people
Hebrew University of Jerusalem alumni
Holocaust survivors
Israeli human rights activists
Israeli educators
Jewish activists
Jewish Israeli writers
Naturalized citizens of Israel
People from Lodz
Polish Jews
Polish psychologists
Teachers
Israeli psychologists
Oviparous animals

Oviparous animals are animals that reproduce by laying eggs. This is how most fish, amphibians, reptiles, insects, and arachnids reproduce. All birds and monotremes also reproduce like this.
The eggs that of most animals that live on land are protected by hard shells. They fertilize their eggs internally. Water-dwelling animals like fish and amphibians lay eggs that have not been fertilized yet. Then the males lay sperm on top of the eggs, which is called external fertilization.
Related pages
Viviparity
Ovoviviparity
Zoology
Port of Kaohsiung

The Port of Kaohsiung is the largest port in Taiwan. It is in the southern part of the country, in the city of Kaohsiung.
Transport in Taiwan
Ports and harbours of Taiwan
Besmé

Besme is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Greenwood, British Columbia

Greenwood is a small city in the Canadian province of British Columbia.
The population of Coquitlam is 708 which makes it the Canada's Smallest City as well as the smallest city in British Columbia. The population was larger at one point but the population decreased when the city shut down the area's industries. The mayor of Greenwood is Colleen Lang.
1200 Japanese Canadians were sent to Greenwood because of the Japanese Canadian internment in 1942. The movie Snow Falling on Cedars was filmed in Greenwood.
References
Other websites
Official website
Cities in British Columbia
Eddie Shore

Edward William Shore (November 23, 1902 - March 16, 1985), also known as Eddie Shore, was a Canadian professional hockey player known for playing defense for the Boston Bruins. He was born in Fort Qu'Appelle, Canada.
Shore played for the Melville Millionaires, Regina Capitals, Edmonton Eskimos, New York Americans, Boston Bruins, Springfeild Indians and the Buffalo Bisons.
1902 births
1985 deaths
Boston Bruins players
Canadian ice hockey players
Hart Memorial Trophy winners
Ice hockey defencemen
Sölvesborg Municipality

Solvesborg Municipality () is a municipality in Blekinge County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Solvesborg.
References
Other websites
Solvesborg Municipality
Solvesborg Municipality
Djibouti national football team

Djibouti national football team is the national football team of Djibouti.
Top scorers
References
African national football teams
Sport in Djibouti
The Yellow Rolls-Royce

The Yellow Rolls-Royce is a 1964 British romantic comedy drama movie directed by Anthony Asquith and stars Rex Harrison, Shirley MacLaine, Omar Sharif, Ingrid Bergman, George C. Scott, Jeanne Moreau, Art Carney, Edmund Purdom, Roland Culver, Riccardo Garrone. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and was nominated for 2 BAFTAS.
Other websites
References
1964 romantic comedy movies
1964 romantic drama movies
1964 comedy-drama movies
British romantic comedy movies
British romantic drama movies
Movies directed by Anthony Asquith
MGM movies
Movies set in London
Movies set in Italy
Movies set in Croatia
Movies set in the 1920s
Movies set in the 1930s
Movies set in the 1940s
Batwheels

Batwheels is an American computer-animated superhero children's television series that premiered on September 17, 2022, on HBO Max, and on October 17, 2022, on Cartoon Network's preschool block, Cartoonito and September 5, 2023 on CITV.
References
2020s American animated television series
2020s American children's television series
2022 American television series debuts
Action television series
Cartoon Network series
Cartoonito
English-language television programs
HBO Max original programming
List of stars in Piscis Austrinus

This is the list of notable stars in the constellation Piscis Austrinus, all the stars are sorted by decreasing brightness.
References
Lists of stars
Lake Hallwil

Lake Hallwil (German: Hallwilersee) is a lake in the Canton of Aargau, Switzerland. Its surface maximum depth is 48 meters.
Other websites
Waterlevels of Lake Hallwil at Meisterschwanden
Lakes of Switzerland
Aargau
Prague 11

Prague 11 () is a municipal district in Prague, Czech Republic. It is located in the south eastern part, 8 km from the City Center.
Districts of Prague
Daiki Sato

Daiki Sato (born 7 September 1988) is a Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|2007||Thespa Kusatsu||J. League 2||2||0||1||0||3||0
|-
|2007||Ohara JaSRA||Regional Leagues||3||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|2008||rowspan="2"|Thespa Kusatsu||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2009||6||0||1||0||7||0
11||0||2||0||13||0
11||0||2||0||13||0
1988 births
Living people
Footballers from Chiba Prefecture
Area code 213

Area code 213 is an area code for California. It was one of the first area codes ever created in 1947. It initially covered the entire southern portion of California, but after it was split multiple times, it now covers Downtown Los Angeles and its surrounding areas, which are overlaid by multiple other area codes. The current 213 area was also split by 323 in 1998, but the 323 area combined with the 213 area to form an overlay plan in 2017.
References
213
Rapids

Rapids are found on rivers. Rapids are formed by one or more of the following: constriction, obstruction, gradient, and flow rate. For instance, when water is flowing swiftly over a rocky river bed, rapids can be formed. Rapids are typically found in or near the mountains, due to the element of gradient. Formally, the word "rapids" is always plural, (like "scissors" and "trousers"), but is often used in the singular when speaking of a specific rapid or when it would be grammatically awkward; e.g., "Sweet's Falls Rapids vs. Sweet's Falls Rapid). The word "rapid" means "very fast."
Because of the splash made by the water going over rocks, rapids are also called "whitewater". Some people enjoying whitewater canoeing or whitewater rafting as a sport.
Related pages
Waterfall
Rivers
Ascoli Calcio 1898

Ascoli Calcio 1898, more simply known as just Ascoli, is an Italian professional football club from Ascoli Piceno, Marche. The club was founded in 1898 and currently plays in Serie B.
Name changes
1898-1905: Candido Augusto Vecchi
1905-1921: Ascoli Vigor
1921-1945: US Ascolana
1945-1955: AS Ascoli
1955-1971: Del Duca Ascoli
1971-Present: Ascoli Calcio 1898
Titles
Serie B
Winners (2): 1977-78, 1985-86
Serie C/Lega Pro
Winners (2): 1971-72, 2014-15
References
Italian football clubs
1898 establishments in Italy
Jesus Christ Pose

"Jesus Christ Pose" is a 1991 heavy metal song by the American grunge band Soundgarden, from their third studio album Badmotorfinger, which was released in 1991. The song was written by Matt Cameron, Chris Cornell, Ben Shepherd and Kim Thayil and is a downloadable song in the video game, Rock Band.
The music video for Jesus Christ Pose received a lot of controversy from Christians since many of the band's listeners were Christians and they felt that the band was showing the song and music video as anti-Christian.
Soundgarden
1991 songs
Carl Tacy

Carl Tacy ( - April 2, 2020) was an American college basketball coach at Wake Forest. He was the head coach from 1972 to 1985 where he had a 222-149 record, the second winningest record at that time. In 1985, he was added into the Wake Forest Hall of Fame. From 1971 to 1972, he was the head basketball coach at Marshall where he had a 23-4(.852) record.
Tacy died on April 2, 2020 at the age of 86.
References
1933 births
2020 deaths
Sportspeople from North Carolina
Steve Rucchin

Steven Andrew Rucchin (; born July 4, 1971 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) is a Canadian retired ice hockey centre.
Career statistics
Other websites
Ducks aren't quite as tough as Mustangs (uwo.ca)
Veterans Rucchin and Leclerc are traded to free cap room (ocregister.com)
1971 births
Atlanta Thrashers players
Canadian ice hockey centres
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
Mighty Ducks of Anaheim players
New York Rangers players
Sportspeople from Thunder Bay
International Hockey League (1945-2001) players
Battle of Chantilly

The Battle of Chantilly happened on September 1, 1862, in Fairfax County, Virginia. It was the last battle of the Northern Virginia Campaign during the American Civil War. The battle had two names: the Union side called it the "Battle of Chantilly" and the Confederates called it the "Battle of Ox Hill".
Background
Confederate General Robert E. Lee had just won the Second Battle of Bull Run on August 29. The Union Army, commanded by John Pope, started retreating north towards Washington, D.C. Lee wanted to destroy Pope's army. He sent Thomas J. Jackson's corps to march around Pope's army in order to capture the road to Washington. If the Confederates captured the road, Pope would have been surrounded and be forced to surrender.
On September 1, Pope found out where Jackson was. He sent Jesse L. Reno with two divisions to attack Jackson. Jackson had stopped on Ox Hill, which was near the Chantilly Plantation. He decided to stop there because he found Pope's army was farther north than he expected.
The battle
The first Union commander to arrive at Ox Hill was Isaac Stevens. He decided to attack Jackson's men about 5 p.m. At the same time, a thunderstorm broke out and made some of the solders's ammunition too wet to fire. Many men had to fight with bayonets. Stevens's division made part of the Confederate army retreat. But the Confederates counterattacked and forced Steven's division retreat. During the attack, Stevens was killed.
After Stevens' s attack failed, Philip Kearny's division arrived. Kearny tried to attack the Confederates but he was killed too. After sunset, the Union soldiers retreated from the battlefield.
Aftermath
The Union army lost about 1,000 casaulties in the battle. The Confederates lost about 500 to 600 casualties. Pope continued retreating to Washington on September 2.
Sources
Hennessy, John J. Return to Bull Run: The Campaign and Battle of Second Manassas. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993. .
Taylor, Paul. He Hath Loosed the Fateful Lightening: The Battle of Ox Hill (Chantilly) September 1, 1862. Shippensburg, Pennsylvania: White Mane Books, 2003. .
Chantilly
September 1862 events
1862 in Virginia
M-60 machine gun

The M60 is a type of American-made machine gun. The M60 fires 7.62mm NATO cartridges. The cartridges are fed into the gun using a belt. The United States Army started to use the M60 in 1957. It has been used by all the branches of the U.S. military. The United States Army used the M60 during the Vietnam War, Gulf War, Afghanistan War and the Iraq War. Recently, the U.S. military has started to replace the M60 with the M240 machine gun.
Machine guns
36 Crazyfists

36 Crazyfists is an American heavy metal band from Anchorage, Alaska. 36 Crazyfists has four members in the band; the current band members are Brock Lindow, Steve Holt, Mick Whitney, and Kyle Baltus. The name of the band comes from the Jackie Chan movie, Jackie Chan And The 36 Crazy Fists. The band now originates in Portland, Oregon.
Band members
Current
Brock Lindow - Vocals (1994-present)
Steve Holt - Guitar (1994-present)
Mick Whitney - Bass (1996-2008, 2012-present)
Kyle Baltus - Drums (2012-present)
Former
JD Stuart - bass (1994-1996; died in a car accident)
Ryan Brownell - guitar (1994-1996)
Thomas Noonan - drums (1994-2012)
Brett "Buzzard" Makowski - bass (2008-2012)
Discography
Albums
Bitterness the Star (2002)
A Snow Capped Romance (2004)
Rest Inside the Flames (2006)
The Tide and Its Takers (2008)
Collisions and Castaways (2010)
Time and Trauma (2015)
Lanterns (2017)
Other websites
Official website
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
Metalcore bands
Nu metal bands
Post-hardcore bands
American heavy metal bands
Musicians from Anchorage, Alaska
National Basketball League (Australia)

The National Basketball League is a basketball competition in Australasia.
It's current sponsor is Hungry Jack's, so it is also known as the Hungry Jack's NBL Championship. It is the top-level basketball competition in Australasia. The Singapore Slingers once played in this league, meaning it is the first Australasian sporting league ever to have a team from Asia. The league started in 1979, and its most successful time is during the 1980s and 1990s. However, it started to struggle in the 20th century. At the start of the 2004/05 season the league had a deal with Fox Sports of Australia. On September 18, 2007, the National Basketball League had Hummer as their sponsor. one HD started broadcasting in 2010, the first time a game has been on TV for eight years.
Clubs
Current
Sydney Kings
Adelaide 36ers
Brisbane Bullets
Cairns Taipans
Illawara Hawks
Melbourne United
New Zealand Breakers
Perth Wildcats
South East Melbourne Phoenix
Defunct
Bankstown Bruins
Canberra Cannons
Sydney Astronauts
Frankston Bears
Forestville Eagles
Geelong Supercats
Gold Coast Blaze
Gold Coast Rollers
Hobart Devils
Hunter Pirates
Launceston Casino City
Newcastle Falcons
Singapore Slingers
South Dragons
South East Melbourne Magic
Southern Melbourne Saints
Victoria Giants
West Adelaide Bearcats
West Sydney Razorbacks
Sponsors
Naming rights
1979 to 1987: none
1988 to 1991: Hungry Jack's
1992 to 2001-02: Mitsubishi
2002-03 to 2003-04: none
2004-05 to 2006-07: Philips
2007-08: Hummer
2008-09 to 2009-10: none
2010-11 to 2012-13: iiNet
2013-14 to 2016-17: none
2017-18 to present: Hungry Jack's
Broadcasting
Since 1995, the league has had a broadcasting deal for paid programming with Fox Sports of Australia. For free TV, they were first sponsored by ABC from 1979 to 1987. Then they were sponsored by Seven Network for three years, and then from Network Ten from 1992 to 1997. From 1998 to 2001, they were again sponsored by ABC. The league did not have free TV for almost a decade, until in 2010 when Network Ten HD started broadcasting. This contract ended in 2015. The current broadcasting rights are owned by SBS.
NBLxNBA
NBLxNBA is an annual series involving clubs from the NBL and the National Basketball Association (NBA) of the United States. The series started in 2017 for each league's 2017-18 season, and each season includes between three and seven games. The games have previously always been held in the US and Canada, and are normally held during September and early October.
References
Basketball leagues
1979 establishments in Australia
Jarno Trulli

Jarno Trulli (born 13 July 1974 in Pescara, Abruzzo) is an Italian Formula One auto racing driver. He has been a regular in Formula One since 1997, driving for Minardi, Prost, Jordan, Renault and Toyota. He won the Monaco Grand Prix for Renault, his only Grand Prix victory to date. He is known for being a qualification expert. After Toyota pulled out of the sport, following the 2009 season, he joined the new Lotus Racing team in 2010.
Racing record
Career summary
Season in progress.
Complete Formula One results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Season in progress.
Half points awarded as less than 75% of race distance was completed.
Pre-F1 career
1996: 1st German Formula 3 (KMS Dallara-Opel)
1995: 4th in German Formula 3 (KMS Dallara-Opel), 1st in Italian Go-kart class 100 FA, 1st in World Go-kart class 125FC, Senna Memorial World Cup winner
1994: Senna Memorial World Cup winner, 1st in North American class 100SA, 1st in European class 100SA
1993: 2nd in World Go-kart Champion class 100 SA, 1st in Grand prix of Japan Class 100 FSA
1992: 2nd in World Go-kart class 125 FC
1991: 1st in World Go-kart class 100 FK
1990: 1st in Grand Prix of Hong Kong Class 100 FA
1988-1990: Three times 1st in Italian National 100 Class
1983-1995: Karting
1974 births
Living people
Abruzzo
Italian Formula One drivers
Formula One current
Kungsbacka Municipality

Kungsbacka Municipality () is a municipality in Halland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Kungsbacka.
References
Other websites
Kungsbacka Municipality
Municipalities of Halland County
LineageOS

LineageOS is a free and open-source software operating system for smartphones, tablets and computers.
References
Operating systems
Free software
Patricia Kalember

Patricia Kalember (born December 30, 1957) is an American television and movie actress. She is best known for playing in the TV drama Sisters. Many sources list Kalember's birth date as December 30, 1956 instead of 1957.
References
Other websites
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from New York (state)
1957 births
Living people
Funkstown, Maryland

Funkstown is a town in Washington County, Maryland, United States.
Towns in Maryland
Trangé

Trange is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.
Communes in Sarthe
Bipedalism

Bipedalism is a form of movement on the ground. Some tetrapods have evolved the ability to move on two limbs. Those that do, use their rear limbs. Some animals move on two limbs all the time, they are called habitual bipeds. Optional bipeds can move on two or four legs.
Early quadruped animals used all four limbs for locomotion but many later ones are bipedal. The earliest dinosaurs were bipedal but millions of years later some reverted and became quadrupeds. Birds are descendants of bipedal dinosaurs, and are bipeds themselves. Their forelimbs have become wings.
Some optional bipeds stand on two legs to drive away competitors and predators, to see farther, or as body language. Their locomotion is on four limbs.
Examples
Amongst mammals, apes, bears and pangolins are optional bipeds.
Some small mammals can stand up on two legs quite well, but only move on four legs. Meerkats are a familiar example.
Birds carry their weight vertical. This is especially obvious in the ostrich, which is the fastest running biped.
Bipedal dinosaurs, on the other hand, carried the body more or less horizontal. The weight of the front part of the body was balanced by the weight of their tails. Dinosaurs were probably primitively bipedal, and the larger herbivores reverted to quadrupeds as their weight increased.
Pangolins are bipedal when walking on a level surface. They keep their body horizontal, and the tail balances the front part.
Some primates can walk bipedal sometimes. Humans are the only living primates that are normally biped.
References
Physiology
Anatomy
Animal locomotion
298 Baptistina

298 Baptistina is a common Main belt asteroid. It was found by Auguste Charlois on September 9, 1890 in Nice.
Although it has an orbit similar to the Flora family asteroids, it was found to be an unrelated asteroid.
A 2007 US-Czech study decided that 298 Baptistina may be the biggest remnant of a 170 km (110 mile) asteroid that was destroyed about 160 million years ago in an impact with a smaller body, making the Baptistina family of asteroids and that the Baptistina event may have created the eventual impact asteroid believed by many to have caused the K/T extinction event about 65 million years ago. This is the K/T impactor believed to be shown in the geological record. This theory has not, as yet, found general acceptance among the scientific community.
References
Asteroids
Gibraltar

Gibraltar is an Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom. This means it shares the British King or Queen and has the protection of the British Armed Forces. It is in southwest Europe on the Mediterranean Sea. About 32,000 people live there. They are called Gibraltarians.
Gibraltar has always been important as a military base because this is where the Mediterranean Sea narrows to only 14 kilometres (9 miles) at the Strait of Gibraltar. This meant that whichever country controlled Gibraltar could see all ships that came into the Mediterranean Sea.
Gibraltar is most famous for The Rock of Gibraltar, a 426 meter high limestone rock rising out of the sea. The rock can be seen for many miles. It is home to the Barbary Apes, a type of tail-less macaque which are the only wild monkeys in Europe.
History
Gibraltar was named for a general who led the Umayyad conquest of Hispania. It belonged to Spain between the years 1501 and 1704, and it was captured by a group of Dutch and British marines during the War of the Spanish Succession (1704). In 1713, Spain signed the Treaty of Utrecht. This treaty ended the war and said Gibraltar would be British permanently. However, according to this treaty, if the Crown of Great Britain ever wants to leave the territory, the Crown of Spain will have a prior position in order to claim the sovereignty.
Ever since then, Spain has tried to get Gibraltar back. They attacked the Rock several times in the 18th century.
However, since the 1950s, Spain has tried get Gibraltar by diplomacy (international relations) by putting different kinds of pressure and restrictions on the people of Gibraltar.
Gibraltar was very important in World War II. Since it was in such a good position, it was the perfect place for the British army and navy to have its base. In World War II the people living in Gibraltar were taken to different parts of the world like Jamaica so they could be protected from the war and also leave the Rock for the soldiers. The Rock of Gibraltar was used by these soldiers, and long tunnels were made inside it. These tunnels even had a hospital and living areas for the soldiers.
In 1969 Britain gave Gibraltar a new constitution. This meant that it gave the people of Gibraltar a large amount of self-government.
In 2002 the people of Gibraltar were asked to vote whether they wanted Spain to share Gibraltar with the United Kingdom; almost everyone voted and 98.97% said they did not.
In 2006 Gibraltar voted to approve a new constitution which gave full self-government to the people meaning they can independently create their own laws.
In 2006, Spain signed a deal to stop interfering with Gibraltar telephone lines, and daily flights to Madrid started.
References
Other websites
Government of Gibraltar
The Unofficial Homepage
Gibraltar Broadcasting Corporation (with radio streaming)
Satellite view of Gibraltar
Virtual Tour of Gibraltar
Gibraltar
Absolutely Live (The Doors album)

Absolutely Live is the first live studio album by American hard rock band The Doors. It was released on 20 July, 1970 through Elektra Records and is a double album featuring songs recorded in 1969 and 1970.
Track listing
Songwriters and LP side total lengths are taken from the original 1970 Elektra Records album (individual song timings are not listed) and may differ from other sources.
References
1970 albums
The Doors albums
1503

Events
Erasmus: Enchiridion militis chritiani ("Handbook of the Christian Soldier").
Births
August 12 - Christian III of Denmark and Norway
Honi Soit

Honi Soit is the seventh studio album by multi-instrumentalist John Cale. It was released in March 1981. It is his only full-length album on the A&M Records label. It was produced by Mike Thorne. The album's cover art is by Andy Warhol.
Track listing
"Dead or Alive"
"Strange Times in Casablanca"
"Fighter Pilot"
"Wilson Joliet"
"Streets of Laredo"
"Honi Soit (La Premiere Lecon de Francais)"
"Riverbank"
"Russian Roulette"
"Magic & Lies"
Personnel
John Cale - vocals, guitar, keyboards, viola
Sturgis Nikides - guitar, background vocals
Jim Goodwin - synthesizer, keyboards, background vocals
Peter Muny - bass guitar, background vocals
Robert Medici - drums, background vocals
John Gatchell - trumpet
Bomberettes - background vocals
John Cale albums
1981 albums
Marble, Minnesota

Marble is a city in Itasca County, Minnesota, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 701.
References
Cities in Minnesota
Egon Krenz

Egon Rudi Ernst Krenz (born 19 March 1937 in Kolberg,Nazi Germany) was a former East German politician of the German Democratic Republic. He served in the East German Army, NVA (Nationale Volkes Armee), where he attained the rank of Unteroffizere (Corporal). He was a high-ranking member of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany. He was the successor to Erich Honecker as leader of East Germany from 18 October 1989 until 3 December 1989, for a few weeks. Later, he was sentenced to six and a half years in prison and released in 2003.
1937 births
Living people
German criminals
German prisoners
Members of the Volkskammer
People from former German territories
Presidents of East Germany
Kadima

Kadima, Hebrew: kdymh - Forward, is an Israeli political party.
Its ideology is centrist liberal, and Zionist.
Kadima believed in both Israel's security and continuing the peace process, and supported negotiating an agreement for peace with the Palestinians, but is de facto defunct.
Kadima was founded on November 24, 2005 by Ariel Sharon, as a splitting from Likud.
Number of seats in the 20th Knesset: / (-2).
Other websites
2005 establishments in Asia
2000s establishments in Israel
Former political parties in Israel
Zionist parties
Liberal parties
Stefan Weber

Stefan Weber (8 November 1946 - 7 June 2018) was an Austrian art teacher and the lead singer and Kapellmeister of the Viennese band Drahdiwaberl. Their only Hit in Austria was the song Lonely produced with Lukas Resetarits which peaked at rank four in the Austrian Single charts. He was born in Vienna. The three albums Psychoterror, MC Ronalds Massaker and Werwolfromantik peaked in the Austrian Top-Ten album charts and every album sold more than 30.000 copies. Psychoterror was certified with Gold in Austria.
Weber died in Vienna on 7 June 2018 at the age of 71.
References
Other websites
Drahdiwaberl.at
Weltrevolution-derfilm.at
Drahdiwaberl Concerts in Vienna Videos
1946 births
2018 deaths
Austrian educators
Singers from Vienna
Painten

Painten is a municipality in Kelheim in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Kelheim (district)
Shin Hae-chul

Shin Hae-chul (6 May 1968 - 27 October 2014), also known by the nicknames Demon Lord (mawang) and Cult Leader (gyoju), was an avant-garde South Korean pop music performer. He was known for being a member of the pop group N.EX.T.
Hae-chul died in Seoul, South Korea from a heart attack, aged 46.
References
1968 births
2014 deaths
Singers from Seoul
2003 UEFA European Under-19 Championship squads

Players born on or after 1 January 1984 were available to participate in the tournament. Players' age as of 16 July 2003 - the tournament's starting day. Players in bold have later been capped at full international level.
Group A
Head coach: Paolo Berrettini
Head Coach : Ralf Loose
Head coach: Egil Olsen
Head coach: Carlos Alberto Lopes Dinis
Group B
Head Coach : Paul Gludovatz
Head Coach : Michal Bilek
Head coach: Stuart Baxter
Head Coach : Rene Girard
Footnotes
UEFA European Under-19 Championship squads
Parsley frog

Parsley frogs or Pelodytidae, is a family of order Anura. The family has just one genus, Pelodytes. These frogs live in southwestern Europe and the Caucasus.
Parsley frogs are typical looking frogs. They are closely related to Spadefoot toads and Megophyrids. The parsley frogs are small, smooth skinned frogs. They reach a length of . They are one of the few families of frogs which have more known extinct species and genera (two or three) than living species.
Taxonomy
Family Pelodytidae
Genus Pelodytes
Pelodytes caucasicus - Caucasian parsley frog
Pelodytes ibericus - Iberian parsley frog
Pelodytes punctatus - Common parsley frog
References
Frogs of Europe
Armenian Catholic Church

The Armenian Catholic Church is an Eastern Catholic church sui juris within the Catholic Church. Its headquarters are in Bzoummar, Lebanon. The union was established in the Council of Florence, in 1439. During the Armenian Genocide, 1915-1918, its followers were scattered, mainly to Syria and Lebanon. Many Armenians also fled to Georgia and Ukraine. In 1991, after the fall of the Iron Curtain, Pope John Paul II merged the churches in Georgia and Ukraine with those in Armenia. He created a new eparchy of Armenia and Eastern Europe. There is a seminary in Gyumri, the largest city in Armenia. At the same time Catholic Armenians in Georgia de facto entered this newly formed diocese.The city of Gymuri was chosen because most Catholic Armenians live in the north of the country.
Many Armenians emigrated to the United States and Canada, mainly in the 1970s. For this reason, Pope Benedict XVI created a diocese for these people. It is responsible for about 35.000 people in the US, and about 10.000 in Canada.
The church uses the Armenian Rite and the Armenian language for its services.
The current Patriarch of the church is Nerses Bedros XIX Tarmouni.
Related pages
Armenian Apostolic Church
Other websites
Official web site
Armenian Apostolic Church Library
Eastern Catholicism
Niagara, Kentucky

Niagara is an unincorporated community in Henderson County, Kentucky, United States.
Unincorporated communities in Kentucky
DisneyNow

DisneyNow (stylized as DisneyNOW) is a TV Everywhere app for Disney Channel, Disney Junior, and Disney XD. It launched on September 29, 2017.
Related pages
Disney+
WatchESPN
Philo
References
Other websites
The Walt Disney Company
2017 establishments in the United States
Deuel County, Nebraska

Deuel County is a county in Nebraska.
Nebraska counties
1889 establishments in Nebraska
Yosuke Nozawa

Yosuke Nozawa (born 9 November 1979) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Shonan Bellmare.
Club career statistics
|-
|1998||rowspan="2"|Shimizu S-Pulse||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1999||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2000||rowspan="9"|Albirex Niigata||rowspan="4"|J. League 2||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2001||44||0||2||0||1||0||47||0
|-
|2002||43||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||44||0
|-
|2003||44||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||46||0
|-
|2004||rowspan="5"|J. League 1||19||0||1||0||6||0||26||0
|-
|2005||26||0||1||0||6||0||33||0
|-
|2006||10||0||0||0||2||0||12||0
|-
|2007||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2008||2||0||0||0||2||0||4||0
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|Shonan Bellmare||J. League 2||51||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||51||0
|-
|2010||J. League 1||||||||||||||||
239||0||7||0||17||0||263||0
239||0||7||0||17||0||263||0
|}
References
1979 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Matsumoto Yamaga FC players