pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Village Detective

Village Detective () is a 1969 Soviet comedy movie directed by Ivan Lukinsky. It stars Mikhail Zharov, Tatyana Pelttser, and Natalya Sayko.
Actors
Mikhail Zharov as Fyodor Ivanovich Aniskin, rural district and a police lieutenant
Tatyana Pelttser as Glafira Aniskina, his wife
Natalya Sayko as Zina Aniskina, their daughter
Lidiya Smirnova as Yevdokia Mironovna Pronina, rural shop clerk
Roman Tkachuk as Gennady Pozdnyakov, head of the club
Nikolay Skorobogatov as Ivan Ivanovich, chairman of the kolkhoz
Georgy Slabinyak as Vitaly Pankov
References
Other websites
Soviet movies
1969 movies
Soviet comedy movies
Judy Garland

Frances Ethel Gumm, also known by her stage name Judy Garland (born June 10, 1922 - June 22, 1969) was an American actress, singer, dancer and vaudevillian. She is well known for playing the film role of Dorothy Gale in The Wizard of Oz (1939). Garland was famous internationally as an entertainer in musical and dramatic roles, as a recording artist, and on the concert stage. She got a Juvenile Academy Award and won a Golden Globe Award. She also won Grammy Awards and a Special Tony Award. She was nominated for the Academy Award for "Best Actress" for her role in the remake of the 1954 film A Star is Born. She also got a nomination for "Best Supporting Actress" for her performance in the 1961 movie, Judgment at Nuremberg. She was the youngest person to be given the Cecil B. DeMille Award for lifetime achievement in the movie industry.
Garland was in vaudeville with her two older sisters. She was signed to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer as a teenager. She made more than two dozen MGM movies. Nine of these movies co-starred Mickey Rooney. Her most famous MGM movie was The Wizard of Oz of 1939. She worked with MGM for 15 years. She went on to make record-breaking concert appearances.
Garland had personal problems throughout her life. She did not like the way she looked. Her feelings were made worse by movie executives who told her she did not look good. They changed the way she looked physically in movies. She also had financial problems. She often owed hundreds of thousands of dollars in unpaid taxes. She married five times. Her first four marriages ended in divorce. She had a long struggle with alcohol and drug use during most of her career. She died of an accidental drug overdose at the age of 47. She had three children. They are Liza Minnelli, Lorna Luft, and Joey Luft.
In 1997, Garland was given a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award years after her death. Several of her recordings have been sent to the Grammy Hall of Fame. In 1999, the American Film Institute placed her among the ten greatest female stars in the history of American movies.
Related pages
Judy Garland as gay icon
Other websites
Judy Garland Page On The Oldies Music Guide
Judy Garland On The Oldies Radio Station
Judy Garland at HighBeam
The Judy Garland Database
The Judy Room
The Judy Garland Online Discography
The Judy Garland Birthplace and Museum in Grand Rapids, MN
The Judy Garland Club: established 1963; official international Club supported by Judy during her lifetime
Judy Garland - The Live Performances
Judy Garland: By Myself - American Masters special
1922 births
1969 deaths
Actors from Minnesota
American movie actors
American stage actors
Drug-related accidental deaths in the United Kingdom
Episcopalians
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Grammy Award winners
Singers from Minnesota
Stage names
Tony Award winning actors
Vaudeville performers
The Yellow Balloon (movie)

The Yellow Balloon is a 1953 British drama movie directed by J. Lee Thompson and starring Kathleen Ryan, Andrew Ray, Kenneth More, Bernard Lee, Sid James, Marjorie Rhodes, William Sylvester, Veronica Hurst. It was distributed by Associated British Picture Corporation.
Other websites
1953 drama movies
British drama movies
Movies directed by J. Lee Thompson
Nicodemo Scarfo

Nicodemo Domenico "Little Nicky" Scarfo (March 8, 1929 - January 15, 2017) was a member of the American Mafia who eventually became the Boss of the Philadelphia crime family after the death of Angelo Bruno and Phil Testa.
During his criminal career, Scarfo was described by some as psychotic, cruel and vicious. From many accounts of his former criminal associates who testified against him, he would want to murder someone if he was shown the slightest bit of disrespect or even if he was stared at.
References
1929 births
2017 deaths
American gangsters
People from Brooklyn
Joshua Kimmich

Joshua Walter Kimmich (born 8 February 1995) is a German professional footballer. He plays as a right-back or defensive midfielder for Bundesliga club Bayern Munich and the Germany national team.
Career statistics
Club
International
Honours
Bayern Munich
Bundesliga: 2015-16, 2016-17, 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20
DFB-Pokal: 2015-16, 2018-19, 2019-20
DFL-Supercup: 2016, 2017, 2018, 2020
UEFA Champions League: 2019-20
UEFA Super Cup: 2020
Germany U19
UEFA European Under-19 Championship: 2014
Germany
FIFA Confederations Cup: 2017
Individual
UEFA European Championship Team of the Tournament: 2016
UEFA Champions League Breakthrough XI: 2016
Germany national team Player of the Year: 2017
UEFA Champions League Squad of the Season: 2017-18, 2019-20
UEFA Champions League Defender of the Season: 2019-20
FIFA FIFPro World11 3rd team: 2018
FIFA FIFPro World11 nominee: 2019 (14th defender)
ESM Team of the Year: 2018-19
Bundesliga Team of the Year: 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20
Bundesliga Goal of the Month: May 2020
References
Other websites
1995 births
German footballers
Association football defenders
Association football full-backs
Association football midfielders
Sportspeople from Baden-Wurttemberg
UEFA Euro 2016 players
2018 FIFA World Cup players
Living people
FC Bayern Munchen players
2022 FIFA World Cup players
Light machine gun

A light machine gun, or LMG, is a type of machine gun that is designed to be used by only one soldier. Light machine guns are often used as squad automatic weapons.
About LMGs
The caliber of cartridge that modern light machine guns fire are usually less than medium machine guns. They are also usually lighter. However, a light machine gun can be noticed by the role it plays in a battle. Some machine guns, such as general-purpose machine guns, can be used as either a light machine gun or a medium machine gun. If it uses a bipod and fires in short bursts, it is a light machine gun. If it is used on a tripod and fires automatically for a long time, it is a medium machine gun.
It is possible to fire a light machine gun from the hip, or on the move. This pins down the enemy. Marching fire relies on this. Otherwise, light machine guns are usually fired while lying down and using a bipod.
Ammunition
Many light machine guns (such as the Bren gun or the M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle) got their ammunition from a magazine. Others, such as the MG 34, could get their ammunition from either a belt or a magazine. Modern light machine guns are designed to fire more bullets that have a smaller caliber. Because of this, they are usually belt-fed.
History
Light machine guns were first brought into service in World War I to make the infantry more powerful. By the end of World War II, one light machine gun was given to a section or squad.
Examples
Two examples of light machine guns are:
Bren
FN Minimi
Related pages
Heavy machine gun
Squad automatic weapon
General-purpose machine gun
Assault rifle
References
Ä

A (or a) is a letter used in some languages. It is just an "a" with an umlaut.
German
Germany, Austria and Switzerland
A is one of the 4 extra letters used in German. It can be replaced by using the digraph ae. In English language newspapers, a is often written as "a" but this is not correct. It is usually pronounced like the "e" in "bed".
Internet addresses are written as "ae" because the internet address system can only understand ordinary English letters.
Latin letters with diacritics
Vowel letters
Islam in Iran

The Islamic conquest of Persia (637-651) led to the end of the Sassanid Empire and the eventual decline of the Zoroastrian religion in Persia. However, the achievements of the previous Persian civilizations were not lost, but were to a great extent absorbed by the new Islamic polity. Islam has been the official religion of Iran since then, except short duration after Mongol raid and establishment of Ilkhanate. Iran became an Islamic republic after the Islamic Revolution of 1979.
Before the Islamic conquest, the Persians had been mainly Zoroastrian, however, there were also large and thriving Christian and Jewish communities. Eastern Iran (what is now Afghanistan) was predominantly Buddhist. There was a slow but steady movement of the population toward Islam. When Islam was introduced to Iranians, the nobility and city-dwellers were the first to convert, Islam spread more slowly among the peasantry and the dihqans, or landed gentry. By the late 11th century, the majority of Persians had become Muslim, at least nominally.
Though Iran is known today as a stronghold of the Shi'a Muslim faith, it did not become so until much later, around the 15th century. The Safavid dynasty made Shi'a Islam the official state religion in the early sixteenth century and aggressively proselytized on its behalf. It is also believed that by the mid-seventeenth century most people in Iran had become Shi'as, an affiliation that has continued. Over the following centuries, with the state-fostered rise of a Persian-based Shi'ite clergy, a synthesis was formed between Persian culture and Shi'ite Islam that marked each indelibly with the tincture of the other.
Nowadays Islam is the religion of 98% of Iranians, approximately 89% of Iranians are Shi'a and 10% are Sunni, mostly Turkomen, a minority of Arabs (mainly in Hormozgan Province), Baluchs, and Kurds living in the south, southeast, northeast and northwest. Almost all of Iranian Shi'as are Twelvers.
References
Iran
Persian culture
Neunkirchen am Brand

Neunkirchen am Brand is a municipality in the district of Forchheim in Bavaria in Germany.
Districts
There are the following districts (pop. statistics as of December 31, 2006):
Neunkirchen (5995 inhabitants)
Baad (85 inhabitants)
Ebersbach (250 inhabitants)
Ermreuth (921 inhabitants)
Grossenbuch (575 inhabitants)
Rodlas (149 inhabitants)
Rosenbach (261 inhabitants)
Gleisenhof (near Ermreuth) and Wellucken (7 inhabitants)
Furthermore, there the farms Vogelhof, Erleinhof and Saarmuhle.
Twin towns
Deerlijk in Belgium
Totkomlos in Hungary
References
Other websites
Official homepage of Neunkirchen am Brand
Ermreuth district page (German)
Forchheim (district)
The Shins

The Shins are an American indie rock band. The band members are singer, songwriter, and guitarist James Russell Mercer, bassist Ron Lewis, bassist/guitarist Dave Hernandez, drummer Joe Plummer, and Eric Johnson. They are influenced by many genres, including pop, alternative rock, alternative country, and folk. The Shins formed in Albuquerque, New Mexico, but are now based in Portland, Oregon.
Discography
Albums
When You Land Here, It's Time to Return (as Flake Music) (1997)
Oh, Inverted World (2001)
Chutes Too Narrow (2003) #86 (U.S.)
Wincing the Night Away (2007) #2 (U.S.) #2 (CAN) #5 (AUS) #16 (UK) #2 (Global Album Chart) #8 (IRE)
EPs
Spork (as Flake Music) (1995)
Nature Bears a Vacuum (1998)
Live Session EP (iTunes Exclusive) (2007)
Singles
Other releases as Flake or as Flake Music
(Flake) 7" Mieke 1993 Resin
(Flake) 10" Spork 1995 Science Project
(Flake) 7" split with Henry's Dress 1995 Omnibus Records (Henry's Dress/Flake 7")
(Flake) 7" Been There Done That compilation 1995 Science Project (80's covers)
Sue Defender 7" 1996 Headhunter/Cargo
When You Land Here, It's Time to Return 1996
7" split with Scared of Chaka 1997 702/Science Project
7" compilation w/ Luxo-champ, the Rondelles, and more...Pocket Protector Record
Compilations
Music from Scrubs (soundtrack) (2002 * Hollywood Records) song: "New Slang"
"Such Great Heights" (compilation) (2003 * Sub Pop Records) song: "We Will Become Silhouettes"
Garden State (soundtrack) (2004 * Sony Records) songs: "Caring Is Creepy", "New Slang"
Wicker Park (soundtrack) (2004 * Lakeshore Records) song: "When I Goose-Step"
The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie (soundtrack) (2004 * Sire/Warner Bros. Records) song: "They'll Soon Discover"
Live at KEXP, Volume 1 (compilation) (2005 - KEXP) song: "Kissing the Lipless"
Our Little Corner of the World: Music from Gilmore Girls (soundtrack) (2002 * Rhino Records) song: "Know Your Onion!"
Sprout (soundtrack) (2005 - Brushfire Records) song: "When I Goose Step"
"Causes 1" (compilation) (2007 - Waxploitation) song: "Turn On Me (Clint Mansell Remix)"
Awesome Record, Great Songs! Volume One - "Never Gonna Wipe My Butt" (cover of a song on Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!)
The Saturday Sessions: The Dermot O'Leary Show (2007) - "Breathe"
Chuck (Episode 1 Season 1\TV series 2008) "A Comet Appears" plays while Chuck and Sarah sit on the beach.
"Music from Weeds" (soundtrack) (2008 * Lions Gate Entertainment) song: "Little Boxes"
Awards and nominations
Nominated: (2008) Grammy Award for Best Alternative Music Album for Wincing the Night Away
References
Other websites
theshins.com, official band website
Indie rock bands
American rock bands
People from Albuquerque, New Mexico
Musicians from Portland, Oregon
Musicians from New Mexico
Musical groups from Oregon
Musical groups established in 1997
1997 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in New Mexico
2019 Cotabato earthquakes

In October 2019, an earthquakes struck the province of Cotabato on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines, of which three earthquakes were above 6.0 in the magnitude scale with an intensity VIII.
The first was on October 16, a magnitude 6.3 earthquake, with an epicenter near Tulunan. At least seven people were killed and 215 others injured. The second earthquake was on October 29, a magnitude 6.6 event with an epicenter near Bual, to the northeast of the 16 October event. The third earthquake was on October 31, a magnitude 6.5 with epicenter near Tulunan. It is not considered to be an aftershock of the October 29 event. 22 people died and a further 424 were injured after these two events.
References
2019 disasters in Asia
2010s in the Philippines
2010s earthquakes in Asia
October 2019 events
Soldier of Orange

Soldier of Orange (, ) is a 1977 Dutch Belgian World War II romantic thriller movie directed by Paul Verhoeven and was based on the autobiographical novel by Erik Hazelhoff Roelfzema. It stars Dolf de Vries, Rutger Hauer, Jeroen Krabbe, Edward Fox, Susan Penhaligon, Lex van Delden, Derek de Lint, Rijk de Gooyer.
Other websites
1977 thriller movies
1977 war movies
1977 romance movies
Dutch romance movies
Dutch thriller movies
Belgian romance movies
Belgian thriller movies
World War II movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Paul Verhoeven
Dutch drama movies
Belgian drama movies
Movies adapted into plays
Movies set in universities and colleges
Movies set in the Netherlands
Movies set in London
Tamaqua, Pennsylvania

Tamaqua is a borough in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, United States. It also has public schools. In 2017, almost 6,705 people were in Tamaqua. It was founded in 1832.
List of schools
References
Boroughs in Pennsylvania
Game Show Network

GSN (formerly Game Show Network) is an American cable television game network. It shows game show episodes. It airs in the United States.
The company is jointly owned by DirecTV and Sony Pictures Television. The channel was launched on December 1, 1994.
Shows that air on GSN
Wheel of Fortune
Jeopardy!
Match Game
Who Wants To Be A Millionaire
Whammy
Card Sharks
Press Your Luck
Lingo
Family Feud
Minute To Win It
Friend or Foe
Deal or No Deal
The Pyramid
Originals
America Says
The Chase
Get a Clue
Catch 21
Master Minds
Cash Cab
People Puzzler
Chain Reaction(2005/2016/2021)
Emogenius
Common Knowledge
Winsanity
Caroline & Friends
Idiotest
& More
Other websites
American television networks
Cable television
Phil Maloney

Philip Francis Anthony Maloney (October 6, 1927 - February 21, 2020) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player and coach. He played as a centre. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Toronto Maple Leafs, Chicago Blackhawks and Boston Bruins. He was the head coach of NHL team Vancouver Canucks from 1974 to 1977.
Maloney was born in Ottawa, Ontario. He died on February 21, 2020, at the age of 92.
References
Other websites
1927 births
2020 deaths
Boston Bruins players
Canadian ice hockey centres
Canadian ice hockey coaches
Chicago Blackhawks players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Sportspeople from Ottawa
Toronto Maple Leafs players
Vicco, Kentucky

Vicco is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
History
Vicco was created in 1964.
Cities in Kentucky
UTC+05:30

UTC+05:30 makes clocks 5 hours and 30 minutes later than Greenwich Mean Time.
These are countries who use UTC+05:30 as their time.
As standard time (all year round)
Principal cities: Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Colombo
South Asia
- Indian Standard Time
- Sri Lanka Standard Time
UTC offsets
Weißeritzkreis

The Weisseritzkreis was a district (Kreis) in the south of the Free State of Saxony, Germany. It borders the Czech Republic. The district was created in 1994 when the two districts Dippoldiswalde and Freital were merged. It ended in 2008.
During the flooding in August 2002 the river Weisseritz had to drain many times the normal amount of water, and a lot of buildings in the river valley - houses, streets and bridges were destroyed
Partnerships
Rottweil
Berchtesgadener Land
Gottingen
Zollernalbkreis
Coat of arms
Towns and municipalities
Other websites
Official website (German)
Website about the 2002 Flooding (German)
2008 disestablishments in Germany
List of Vanuatu Twenty20 International cricketers

This is a list of Vanuatu Twenty20 International cricketers who have played at least one Twenty20 International for Vanuatu after debuting in 2019.
Key
List of players
Statistics are correct as of 29 July 2023.
Note: The following matches include one or more missing catchers in their Cricinfo scorecard and hence statistics (as of 19 July 2019):
vs. Samoa (9 July 2019); 6 missing catchers
vs. Papua New Guinea (12 July 2019); 5 missing catchers
vs. Papua New Guinea (13 July 2019); 3 missing catchers
References
Lists of Twenty20 International cricketers
Civil government in Portugal

In Portugal, the civil governments (Portuguese: Governos Civis, singular Governo Civil) are the groups of public administration that represent the government at the district level. Each civil government is led by an administrative magistrate and the civil governor (Governador Civil). The administrative magistrate is a delegate of the central government. The civil governor is chosen by the Council of Ministers. The civil government operated under the authority of the Ministry of Internal Administration.
The role of Civil Governments has become smaller since their creation in 1835. At first, they had many powers as representatives of the central government . They also made certiain that all State services within the district worked together. They now serve as a local delegations of the Ministry of Internal Administration. Their responsibilties inclue issuing passports, public safety, and elections.
In 2011, Prime Minister Pedro Passos Coelho ended all Civil Governments with Decree-Law No. 114/2011 of 30 November. That law gave all of the powers of the civil governments to other groups. These include the Municipal Chambers, the police, the National Republican Guard and the National Authority for Civil Protection). No civil governors have been appointed since this time but the post was created by the Constitution and still exists
.
Government of Portugal
Kenji (era)

was a which came after Bun'ei and before Koan. The period started April 1275 and ended February 1278. During this time, the emperor was .
Events of the Kenji era
1275 (Kenji 1): The Mongols sent an ambassador to Kamakura along with the delegation sent from the Goryeo.
Related pages
Kamakura period
References
Other websites
National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar"
Japanese eras
1270s in Japan
Henley-on-Thames

Henley-on-Thames is a town and civil parish in Oxfordshire, England. In 2001 there were 10,646 people living in Henley-on-Thames.
References
Towns in Oxfordshire
Montmeyan

Montmeyan is a commune in Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France. 546 people lived there 2018.
References
Communes in Var
Terri Sewell

Terrycina Andrea "Terri" Sewell (; born January 1, 1965) is an American lawyer and politician. She is a member of the Democratic Party. She is the U.S. Representative for since 2011.
References
1965 births
Living people
Lawyers from Alabama
United States representatives from Alabama
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
People from Huntsville, Alabama
African American politicians
Nilotic peoples

Nilotic is a word that refers to a number of people who speak Nilotic languages. Today they live in Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Ethiopia. Most of them are farmers, raising cattle.
Ethnic groups in Uganda
Ethnic groups in Tanzania
Ethnic groups in Kenya
Ethnic groups in Ethiopia
Mocha, Yemen

Mocha is a city in Yemen. As of 2021, about 10,000 people lived there. It is also known as Al-Makha. From the 15th to the 18th century, it was the main city, where coffee was traded. Mocha was also the main port city for Yemen's capital, Sana'a. In recent times, the ports of Aden and Al Hudaydah have become more important.
Cities in Yemen
National Database and Registration Authority

The National Database & Registration Authority (NADRA) () is an independent and autonomous agency under the control of the Interior Secretary of Pakistan that regulates government databases and statistically manages the sensitive registration database of all the national citizens of Pakistan.
Descriptive
The ID card has the following information on it:
Legal Name,
Gender (male, female, or transgender),
Father's name (Husband's name for married females),
Identification Mark,
Date of Birth,
National Identity Card Number,
Family Tree ID Number,
Current Address,
Permanent Address,
Date of Issue,
Date of Expiry,
Signature,
Photo, and Fingerprint (Thumbprint) NADRA also records the applicant's religion, but this is not noted on the CNIC itself.
NADRA has registered over 90% of women in the Pakistan. Although NADRA has started issuing ultra modern SCNIC (Smart Computerized National Identity Card) too having information both in English and Urdu languages respectively.
History
After the 1971 war resulted in East-Pakistan gaining independence as Bangladesh, a new statistical database system was needed to ensure the safety of Pakistan's citizens as well as the national security of the country as questions were being raised over who was a Pakistani and who was not. So the Bhutto regime introduced a national registration act in the Parliament of Pakistan to establish an authority to issue photo IDs to all registered Pakistani citizens.
Related pages
Pakistani passport
References
Other websites
CNIC at NADRA
Identification documents
Politics of Pakistan
2000s establishments in Pakistan
Hallmark

A hallmark is an official mark or series of marks struck on items made of metal. The purpose is to certify the content of metals such as platinum, gold, silver and in some countries, palladium.
In a more general sense, the term 'hallmark' can also be used to refer to any characteristic which signifies (signals) quality. So, in the 19th/20th centuries, marking steel cutlery as "made in Sheffield" was a guarantee of its quality. Historically, hallmarks were applied by a trusted party: the "guardians of the craft" or, more recently, by an assay office. Hallmarks are a guarantee of certain purity or fineness of the metal, as determined by official metal (assay) testing.
Marketing
Gold
Ebert Van Buren

Harry Ebert Van Buren (December 6, 1924 - June 14, 2019) was an American football player. He played as a fullback and halfback. He played for the Philadelphia Eagles in the National Football League (NFL) between 1951 and 1953. His brother, Steve Van Buren, was his teammate during the 1951 season. Van Buren went to Louisiana State University and was added to the LSU Athletic Hall of Fame in 2015.
Van Buren was born in the coastal town of Tela, Honduras. He died on June 14, 2019 in Monroe, Louisiana. He was 94.
References
Other websites
Ebert Van Buren at Pro-Football-Reference.com
1924 births
2019 deaths
American football running backs
Philadelphia Eagles players
Sportspeople from Louisiana
Naomi Klein

Naomi A. Klein (born May 8, 1970) is a Canadian author, social activist, and filmmaker. She analyses politics and criticizes capitalism. Since 2018, she has been the Gloria Steinem Chair in Media, Culture, and Feminist Studies at Rutgers University.
Klein's This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. the Climate (2014) was a New York Times non-fiction bestseller and won the Hilary Weston Writers' Trust Prize for Nonfiction.
Naomi Klein has a Jewish background.
References
1970 births
Living people
Canadian academics
Canadian feminists
Canadian Jews
Canadian movie directors
Democratic socialists
Canadian environmentalists
Jewish academics
Jewish activists
Jewish feminists
Jewish writers
Political activists
Political commentators
Political writers
Writers from Montreal
Canadian activists
Embassy

A foreign embassy is the official office of one country in another. It is usually in the capital city of the other country. It is where the ambassador and other representatives of the home country work. Much of the diplomacy (talk) between the two governments happens there. They represent their country to the host government. The embassy represents the interests of the entire country and is fully responsible for the relationship between the two countries.
The head of the embassy is usually an ambassador, but can also be a minister, high commissioner, or other level of diplomatic personnel appointed by the sending country to represent it.
Diplomacy
Zarqa

Zarqa is a city in Jordan. It is about 25 km east of Amman. It is the third-largest city in Jordan. Hashemite University is a big university in Zarqa.
Other websites
Zarqa City website
Hashemite University
Cities in Jordan
Crossbow

The crossbow, or arbalest, is a bow which consists of a bow-like arc called prod and cross-wise body called stock and trigger mechanism. The crossbow is an invention in which the stock, a piece of wood is mounted on two other crossing pieces. Crossbows shoot short arrows called bolts which are similar to arrows. The crossbow was first created by the Chinese people in circa 6 B.C. The crossbow was introduced to China during the Warring States period. This period lasted over three centuries where neighbouring Chinese states fought mercilessly for dominance and territory. Throughout this span of time the crossbow evolved which made it easier to carry and improved firing accuracy. This highly sought after weapon led to the success of the Han and Song empires.
The Greeks invented crossbow separately in 4th century B.C. The Romans called the weapon arcuballista. Crossbow was a very popular weapon in the Middle Ages as it was strong and accurate and could be used as a sharpshooter weapon. The Arabs call crossbow qaws Ferengi, "Frankish bow", as the Crusaders used crossbow a lot. A good crossbow can shoot the bolt with such immense power that it may pierce armour. Against unarmoured light opponents, even a single bolt may be lethal.
Compared to the ordinary bow, the crossbows have good and bad sides to them. They fire much stronger and much more accurately than ordinary bows, and shooting accurately with a crossbow is easier to learn than shooting with an ordinary bow. On the other hand, because the prod is short and therefore very stiff, a crossbow will take much longer time to load, and a crossbow does not have as good accurate range than a longbow. Many crossbows have crank or windlass mechanisms to pull the string in drawn position. Also many crossbows do have safety mechanisms to prevent an accidental shot.
Crossbow shooting is today a popular sport.
References
Archery
Weapons
Exotoxin

An exotoxin is a poison secreted by bacteria. An exotoxin can hurt a living creature by destroying cells or changing the way that cells work. They are very strong and can cause major damage.
References
Microbiology
Toxicology
Vilnius County

Vilnius County is one of 10 counties in Lithuania. The capital city is Vilnius. On 1 July 2010, the county administration was ended.
Municipalities
Municipalities are:
References
Counties of Lithuania
Bacon

Bacon is a type of meat that comes from pigs. It is taken from the sides, back, or belly of the pig. It is often cut in thin slices, unlike other cured or smoked pork products. It is usually fried or grilled. It can also be microwaved.
In the U.S., back bacon and smoked ham is sometimes called Canadian bacon.
Bacon has lots of fat. Because bacon comes from pigs, people of some religions will not eat it. In some cultures and religions (such as Islam and Judaism), eating pork may be considered "unclean." Because of this, other varieties of bacon are also made out of turkey or chicken instead. Turkey bacon and chicken bacon usually contain half of the fat of pork-based bacon.
References
Pork
Breakfast foods
Prime Minister's Official Residence (Japan)

The Prime Minister's Official Residence is the official workplace and residence of the Prime Minister of Japan. It is commonly referred to as Sori Daijin Kantei (Zong Li Da Chen Guan Di ), Shusho Kantei (Shou Xiang Guan Di ), or simply Kantei (Guan Di ).
Name
The Prime Minister's Official Residence is called Sori Daijin Kantei (Zong Li Da Chen Guan Di ), also known as the Sori Kantei (Zong Li Guan Di ), the Shusho Kantei (Shou Xiang Guan Di ) or simply the Kantei (Guan Di ). The Residential Quarters is called Sori Kotei (Zong Li Gong Di ).
References
Buildings and structures in Tokyo
Northern Ontario

Northern Ontario is a geographic and administrative region of the Canadian province of Ontario. It covers the part of Ontario north of Lake Huron (including Georgian Bay), the French River, Lake Nipissing, and the Mattawa River. It includes almost 87 percent of the province but only six percent of the province's population lives in the area. Most of Northern Ontario is on the Canadian Shield.
The region has a land area of 802,000 square kilometers (310,000 square miles). The total population in 2011 was 732,914.
Sometimes the region is divided into Northeastern Ontario and Northwestern Ontario. Northwestern Ontario covers the three westernmost disctricts of the region: Rainy River, Kenora, and Thunder Bay. Northestern Ontario covers the other districts and has two-thirds of the regions population.
Regions of Ontario
Craon, Mayenne

Craon is a commune of 4,659 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Mayenne
Rowing

Rowing is about moving a boat on water using human muscle power. It can be a sport. The goal in rowing is to move as fast as possible on top of the water. The athletes use a boat. They move the boat forward by using two sculls or one oar. There are different types of rowing. The types depend on how many people are in the boat and if they have a coxswain or not. Rowing is a very popular sport in England, the Commonwealth, and the Northeastern United States. The old universities of the United States and England have yearly rowing matches.
Other websites
FISA - The Official World Rowing Website
Rachel Quarrell's Rowing Service - UK rowing news and information site.
Row2k.com - Worldwide Rowing information site with news, results and photographs.
Summer Olympic sports
John Sessions

John Gibb Marshall (11 January 1953 - 2 November 2020), better known by the stage name John Sessions, was a British actor and comedian. He was known for comedy television shows such as Whose Line Is It Anyway?. He was a panellist on QI.
Sessions died of a heart attack at his South London home on 2 November 2020, aged 67.
References
1953 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
British movie actors
British television actors
British stage actors
British television presenters
Comedians from London
Television personalities from London
Champex-Lac

Champex-Lac or Champex is a village of the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
Champex-Lac is in the municipality of Orsieres.
Champex is also a small ski-resort.
Other websites
Champex, tourist office
Villages in Valais
Quaternary

The Quaternary is the current geological period. It is the most recent of the three periods of the Cainozoic era and the most recent of the twelve periods of the current eon, the Phanerozoic. The Quaternary follows the Neogene, which is the second period of the Cainozoic.
The Quaternary began about 2.6 million years ago, and continues today. A great deal of information is considered when geologists discuss the timing of periods. The status of the Quaternary as a period is confirmed by the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS).
In the Quarternary were the glaciations known as the Ice Age. Also, anatomically modern humans evolved. During the Quaternary, many large mammalian species became extinct. This was due to climate change and hunting by humans.
The Quaternary includes two geologic epochs:
Pleistocene
Holocene
References
Cainozoic
Paula Hawkins (politician)

Paula Hawkins (nee Fickes; January 24, 1927 - December 4, 2009) was an American politician. She is the only woman elected to the U.S. Senate from Florida. She was the second woman ever elected to the Senate from the American South. She was the first woman in the country to be elected to a full Senate term without having a close family member who was in major public office. She was in the Senate from 1981 until 1987 as a Republican.
Hawkins died on December 4, 2009 at her home in Winter Park, Florida from problems caused by a fall, aged 82.
References
1927 births
2009 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls in the United States
United States senators from Florida
Politicians from Salt Lake City, Utah
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Furia Musical

Furia Musical was a Mexican music magazine. The magazine was published by Editorial Televisa, who also produces TVyNovelas. Furia Musical was published in Mexico and southern United States. Its editors wrote articles about Mexican music, Chicano rock, Tejano music and Norteno. Their awards show, Premios Furia Musical, was broadcast by Televisa, Galavision and Univision. The December 2006 issue was the final issue of the magazine.
Other websites
Profile at Televisa.
Profile at Amazon.com.
Premios Furia Musical .
Music magazines
Coast

The coast is where land meets the sea.
The coast also means the land next to the sea, which can also be called the shore, or sea-shore. However, coast is not used to describe where rivers or lakes meet the land - it is only used to describe the sea meeting the land.
If a house is near to the coast we say it is "on the coast". When we talk about a long part of the coast we call it "the coast-line".
Sometimes, 'coast' can be part of a place name or the description of a large area. For instance, the East Coast of the United States describes the all of the Eastern side of the United States that is next to the Atlantic Ocean.
In some countries like England or Australia the people sometimes use the word sea-side for the coast.
Coasts often have many living things living there and provide habitat for many animals and plants.
An example of a coast in Great Britain is the Holderness Coast near Bridlington. This is one of Europe's fast eroding coasts.
Related pages
Shore
Landforms
Heera Mandi

The Heera Mandi (Diamond Market), also called Shahi Mohallah (Royal Neighborhood) as well as chudhai center , is a famous red-light district of the old Taxali Gate of Lahore, Pakistan. A red-light district is an area where prostitutes work.
Early history
The Heera Mandi was first called the 'Shahi Mohallah' or Royal Neighborhood in the 17th century. It was called that because many princes and nobles of the Mughal dynasty used to come there. At that time there were only Tawaifs (dancing girls) and courtesans there. They were there to amuse the people. Later, some women from other parts of Indian Subcontinent were also brought to perform classical Indian dances such as Kathak to entertain Mughals. During the rule of the Sikh king Ranjit Singh, prostitution [chudhai] also was common. Many brothels were opened there. Ranjit Singh renamed this place 'Heera Mandi'. It was named for an officer, Heera Singh, who lived there. Some historians think that he named it for the beautiful girls (prostitutes) who lived there. They were like precious diamonds.
British times
When the British Raj came to power in this region, Christian missionaries asked for the Heera Mandi to be moved away. They thought the activities there were 'sinful'. The British government tried to move it, but they were forced to move it back because people did not like this idea. Later, after the 1870s, the British also added some special brothels there for British soldiers. This area was made famous in Rudyard Kipling's novel Kim (printed in 1901).
Modern times
After Pakistan became independent in 1947, the Heera Mandi went on as before. Later, under the harsh Islamic puritanical rule of the military dictator General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, a big operation was started to 'clean' the area from prostitution and crime. Many brothels were moved or closed by force. However, once again, people did not like this move. Many of the brothels and other businesses were re-opened.
Even though prostitution is supposed to be illegal in Pakistan, the Mandi still exists. It is also famous for some very good food shops nearby, where many people including foreign tourists come to just eat and watch the shows.
References
Red light districts
History of Pakistan
Lahore
Association fallacy

An association fallacy is a logical fallacy that occurs when someone says that a quality of one thing must apply to another just because they both share a similar quality or belief. It can be used in a positive or negative way.
It follows the general outline, A is a B, A is also a C, therefore, all Bs are Cs.
An example of an association fallacy being used in positive way (called pro hominem, or honour by association) is as follows:
Citizens of Country X won more Nobel Prizes, gold medals, and literary awards than citizens of Country Y. Therefore, a citizen of Country X is superior to a citizen of Country Y.
An example of an association fallacy being used in a negative way (called guilt by association) is as follows:
John is a shoplifter. John has black hair. Therefore, all people with black hair are shoplifters.
References
Logical fallacies
Croisilles, Calvados

Croisilles, Calvados is a commune. It is in the Basse-Normandie region in the Calvados department in northwest France.
Communes in Calvados
Peppermint (2018 movie)

Peppermint is a 2018 American Hong Kong action thriller movie directed by Pierre Morel and starring Jennifer Garner, John Ortiz, Tyson Ritter, John Gallagher Jr., Juan Pablo Raba, Annie Ilonzeh, Jeff Hephner, Pell James, Cailey Fleming.
Other websites
2018 action movies
2018 thriller movies
2010s action thriller movies
American action thriller movies
Hong Kong movies
Movies directed by Pierre Morel
National Assembly (Armenia)

The National Assembly of Armenia is the official name of the legislative branch of the government of Armenia. There are 131 members. They are elected for four-year terms.
Armenia
Government of Armenia
Unicameral legislatures
Tranemo Municipality

Tranemo Municipality () is a municipality in Vastra Gotaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Tranemo.
References
Other websites
Tranemo Municipality
Municipalities of Vastra Gotaland County
Oriente (Lisbon Metro)

Oriente is a station on the Red Line of the Lisbon Metro.
Lisbon Metro stations
Hammondville, Alabama

Hammondville is a town in the U.S. state of Alabama.
Towns in Alabama
Monroe County, Illinois

Monroe County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. In the 2020 census, 34,962 people lived there. The county seat is Waterloo.
References
Illinois counties
William F. Sharpe

William Forsyth Sharpe (born June 16, 1934) is an American economist. He a the professor at Stanford University's Graduate School of Business. He won the 1990 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.
Sharpe was known for his works in capital asset pricing model (CAPM).
References
Other websites
Personal web site of Dr. Sharpe
IDEAS/RePEc
1934 births
Living people
American economists
Scientists from Boston
Key derivation function

In cryptography, a key derivation function (KDF) makes a long secret key (which is called a "hash") from a secret phrase, like a password. The output of a key derivation function will look common to another result made from a random phrase. They are also used to re-use secret keys in a specific format, like using a shared secret key from the Diffie-Hellman key exchange for sending secrets in AES.
Use
Key derivation functions are important in security. They allow a smaller "secret phrase" to be expanded into a larger key (of a fixed length decided by the KDF's digest size). This makes trying to find the original "secret phrase" more difficult. The length of the key makes it more difficult to discover the phrase or the hidden secret by trial and error (i.e. through brute-forcing), by making it difficult for a computer to guess. Sometimes, a small piece of random data (called a "salt") is added to the secret phrase before it is used with a KDF to make it more difficult guess the original "secret phrase" with a list of known "hashes".
It makes checking passwords safer without using the real password. Instead of keeping the real password, a "hash" of the key is kept and when checking the password, the "hash" of the real password is checked with the input. Some software put a limit on the length of a password and is sometimes used to make larger secret phrases smaller. KDFs are also made in a way so that, it takes a computer some effort to make the "hash". This makes making a list of potential combinations difficult.
Commonly used KDFs
SHA-2
PBKDF2
Scrypt
Bcrypt
Argon2
Chacha20
References
Cryptography
Zulkifli Abdhir

Zulkifli Abdhir (5 October 1966 - 27 January 2015) was a Malaysian who was one of the FBI Most Wanted Terrorists. The Amercian FBI agency offered a USD 5 million reward for information leading to his capture. He was the maker of bombs delivered for usage to several terrorist groups.
He was often referred to by the nom de guerre Marwan. He was suspected of being a leader of the Kumpulan Mujahidin Malaysia, being part of the central command of the Jemaah Islamiyah, and was hiding in Mindanao under the protection of the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters.
Zulkifli Abdhir is thought to have possibly been killed in a recent PNP operation leading to militant clashes with the Philippine National Police.
References
1966 births
2015 deaths
Malaysian people
Muslim terrorists
Altorf

Altorf (; Alsatian: Aldorf) is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
References
Communes in Bas-Rhin
Ahmad Ali

Ahmed Ali (1 July 1910 in Delhi - 14 January 1994 in Karachi) () was a famous Pakistani author, translator and diplomat. He wrote novels, short stories and poems. He wrote in both Urdu (Pakistan's national language) and in English.
He was born in Delhi, British India and later migrated to Pakistan after national independence in 1947. In 1932, he had helped write Angaray (Coals) a collection of short stories written by him and some other 'progressive' writers. Later, he wrote his most famous novel Twilight in Delhi (1940), and then Purple Gold Mountain (poems, 1960), Ocean of Night (novel, 1962), Rats and Diplomats (novel, 1984) and The Prison-House (short stories, 1985). He also translated some portions of the Quran from Arabic to English and also some Urdu poems by early poets, like Mirza Ghalib.
During the 1950s and 1960s Ali also worked as a diplomat at the Pakistani embasses in Moscow (Russia) and Morocco and in China.
Ahmad Ali did not write very much after the start of military rule in Pakistan by General Zia ul Haq, in 1977. After the late 1980s, he was an old and sick man and died in 1995
References
1910 births
1994 deaths
Translators
Pakistani writers
Pakistani diplomats
Disease-related deaths in Pakistan
Zero-knowledge proof

A zero-knowledge proof or zero-knowledge protocol is a protocol used in cryptography. In such a protocol, two parties are communicating. The task of one party is to convince the other that it knows some secret, but without revealing the secret.
Example
There is a well-known story showing some of the ideas of zero-knowledge proofs. Usually, the two parties in a zero-knowledge proof are called Peggy (the prover of the statement) and Victor (the verifier of the statement).
In this story, Peggy has uncovered the secret word used to open a magic door in a cave. The cave is shaped like a circle, with the entrance on one side and the magic door blocking the opposite side. Victor says he'll pay her for the secret, but not until he's sure that she really knows it. Peggy says she'll tell him the secret, but not until she receives the money. They devise a scheme by which Peggy can prove that she knows the word without telling it to Victor.
First, Victor waits outside the cave as Peggy goes in. They label the left and right paths from the entrance A and B. Peggy randomly takes either path A or B. Then, Victor enters the cave and shouts the name of the path he wants her to use to return, either A or B, chosen at random. Providing she really does know the magic word, this is easy: she opens the door, if necessary, and returns along the desired path. Note that Victor does not know which path she has gone down.
However, suppose she did not know the word. Then, she would only be able to return by the named path if Victor were to give the name of the same path that she had entered by. Since Victor would choose A or B at random, he would have a 50% chance of guessing correctly. If they were to repeat this trick many times, say 20 times in a row, her chance of successfully anticipating all of Victor's requests would become very small.
For this reason, if Peggy reliably appears at the exit Victor names, he can conclude that she is very likely to know the secret word.
References
Cryptography
Sanderson, Texas

Sanderson is a census-designated place (CDP) in and the county seat of Terrell County, Texas, United States. The population was 837 at the 2010 census. Sanderson was created in 1882 as a part of neighboring Pecos County. It became the seat of Terrell County in 1905.
References
1880s establishments in Texas
1882 establishments in the United States
Census-designated places in Texas
County seats in Texas
Nora Gúnera de Melgar

Alba Nora Gunera Osorio (1942 - 1 October 2021) was a Honduran politician. She was the wife of General Juan Alberto Melgar, the Honduran military Head of State from 1975 to 1978. She was elected mayor of Tegucigalpa in 1990 and left office in 1994. She ran for presidency for the National Party in 1997 elections. From 2007 until 2014, she was a member of the National Congress of Honduras.
Gunera de Melgar died on 1 October 2021 in Tegucigalpa at the age of 78.
References
1942 births
2021 deaths
Honduran politicians
Mayors
First Ladies and Gentlemen of Honduras
Ronchères, Aisne

Roncheres, Aisne is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Terri Schiavo case

The Terri Schiavo case was a legal battle. It involved prolonged life support in United States. The case began in 1998 and lasted to 2005. Teresa Marie "Terri" Schiavo was in Persistent Vegetative State and there was a controversy about stopping life support.
She had collapsed in her St. Petersburg, Florida home because of cardiac arrest on February 25, 1990. This had caused a large amount of damage to her brain. This damage caused her to be in a Persistent Vegetative State. Her feeding tube was disconnected on March 18, 2005. She died thirteen days later.
References
2005 in Florida
Death
Ethics
Trials in the United States