pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Fortes (footballer)

Agostinho Fortes Filho (9 September, 1901 - 2 May 1966) was a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.
References
1901 births
1966 deaths
Footballers from Rio de Janeiro
Kemmu

was a of the Northern Court during the Nanboku-cho period after Shokyo and before Ryakuo. This period started in January 1334 and ended in August 1338 in the Northern Court, but it lasted until only February 1336 in the Southern Court. The pretender in Kyoto was . Komyo's Southern Court rival in Yoshino during this time was .
Events of the Kemmu era
In 1333-1336, the Kemmu Restoration was an attempt by Emperor Go-Daigo to restore Imperial authority after the fall of the Kamakura shogunate. The failure of this effort led to the creation of two rival Imperial courts.
1334 (Kemmu 1): Emperor Go-Daigo caused Kemmu nenchu gyoji to be written. This was a book which described the ceremonies of the court; and its purpose was to aid the process of reviving ancient court etiquette.
25 October 1334 (Kemmu 1, 27th day of the 9th month): Emperor Go-Daigo made an Imperial progress to Kamo-jinja. No other emperor would visit Kamo's shrines until April 29, 1863 (Bunkyu 3, 11th day of the 3rd month), when Emperor Komei made an Imperial progress to Kamo.
1336 (Kemmu 3): An anonymous author published Kemmu nenkan ki, which was a chronicle of the Kemmu era. The text is a source of information about laws, government, bureaucrats, and arable lands and estates given by the emperor to the nobility or to religious institutions (shoen).
1336 (Kemmu 3): Ashikaga Takauji issued a new legal code with 17 articles (Kemmu-shikimoku).
17 May 1336 (Kemmu 3, 6th day of the 4th month): Former-Emperor Go-Fushimi died.
Southern Court nengo
The previous era ended and the new one commenced in Shokei 1 as time was reckoned in the Northern Court in Kyoto; and the era began in Genko 4, as time was ordered in the Southern Court in Yoshino.
Related pages
Muromachi period
References
Other websites
National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Japanese eras
1330s establishments in Japan
1330s disestablishments in Japan
1334 establishments
1338 disestablishments
Sikhae

Sikhae is a salted fermented food with grains in Korean cuisine as one of jeotgal. Sikhae is made with various fish, such as flat fish, shellfish, pollack, squid and fish intestines, and cooked grains, such as rice, glutinous rice, glutinous foxtail millet and nonglutinous millet. Sikhae is less salty than jeotgal because most jeotgal is made with seafood and salt, but sikhae is made with not only the ingredients of jeotgal but also grains, shredded radish, etc. Therefore, sikhae is stored for short-term, while jeotgal is able to be stored for rather long-term because of the large amount of salt.
The types of sikhae can be different, depending on the main ingredients, regions, what the family and the person like. In past times, because of the limited transportation, regions near the sea had more types of sikhae compared to the inland areas. Koreans usually eat this food as a banchan (small dishes of food).
History (Documentaries on Sikhae)
Sikhae was not included in any literature before the early part of the Korean Joseon Dynasty. However, that doesn't mean there was not sikhae and rather it guesses that sikhae was not written down. After the middle of Joseon Dynasty, sikhae have been mentioned in literature.
Recipe
Sikhae is made with fish, salt, cooked rice, Korean traditional spices, etc. First, wash fishes and put drained fishes with salt in a pot. After about 10 days, take the salted fishes out of the pot, cut them into bite-size pieces and then put them with cooked rice and chili powder in the pot again. Lastly, put shredded radish into the pot after another four days and finally eat sikhae as 10 more days are passing.
Types
Gajamisikhae (gajamisighae) - gajamisikhae made with flat fish(gajami, gajami) in Hamgyong-do
- Gajamisikhae is the typical and popular Korean sikhae. It is made mostly in the region of North Korea.
Dorumooksikhae (dorumugsighae) - dorumooksikhae made with sailfin-sandfish(dorumook, dorumug) in Gangwon-do
Boogasikhae (bugeosighae) - boogasikhae made with dried pollack(Booga, bugeo) in Gangwon-do and Gyeongsangnam-do
Mareungogisikhae (mareungogisighae) - Mareungogisikhae made with dried squid(mareun ojingeo, mareun ojingeo) in Gyeongsang-do
Yeonansikhae (yeonansighae) - Yeonansikhae made with the flesh of a shellfish or clam meat(joegaetsal, jogaessal) in Hwanghae-do
Effects
Sikhae has a lot of effects. First, sikhae, as one of fermented food, is easily digested by creating peptone, peptide, and free amino acid through the process of decomposition of protein and so good nourishing food for patients, the old and the infirm and children. Also, millet, one of ingredients of Sikhae, helps people warm body in the winter when people have cold hands or feet due to the very cold weather.
Other websites
Information about Sikhae
Korean food
Mayor of Kathmandu

The mayor of Kathmandu is the head of the municipal executive of Kathmandu Metropolitan City. The officeholder is elected for a five-year term. He or she is limited to serving no more than two terms. The role was first created in 1932 during the Rana regime.
Balendra Shah was elected mayor in the 2022 election. He took office on 30 May 2022.
The city of Kathmandu is scrutinized by the Kathmandu Metropolitan City Municipal Assembly. The mayor is supported by the Municipal Executive with ward chairs of all 32 wards of Kathmandu.
Related pages
List of mayors of Pokhara
333 North Michigan

333 North Michigan is an art deco skyscraper located in the Loop community area of Chicago, Illinois in the United States. It is 396 feet (121 m) tall.
References
Skyscrapers in Chicago
1928 establishments in Illinois
William Izarra

William Ernesto Izarra Caldera (7 May 1947 - 1 October 2021) was a Venezuelan diplomat, academic, writer, military official, and politician. He also worked as a professor for the Central University of Venezuela. He was a Senator between 1998 until 1999. He was also the Ambassador to North Korea from May 2021 until his death. Izarra was a member of the United Socialist Party. He was born in Maracay, Venezuela.
Izarra died on 1 October 2021 at a hospital in Caracas, Venezuela from COVID-19 at the age of 74.
References
1947 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Venezuela
Venezuelan politicians
Venezuelan writers
Ambassadors
Venezuelan academics
Political writers
Socialist politicians
Eyke

Eyke is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England. In 2001 there were 366 people living in Eyke. Eyke is on the A1152 road. Eyke has a church called All Saints.
References
GENUKI
Villages in Suffolk
Civil parishes in Suffolk
Suffolk Coastal
Edgar of England

King Edgar or Eadgar I (~942 - 8 July 975) was the younger son of King Edmund I of England. He had the nickname, "the Peaceable", but was a stronger king than his elder brother, Edwy. He took the kingdoms of Northumbria and Mercia from Edwy in 958.
Edgar was recognized as king north of the Thames by Mercian nobles in 958, and officially took the throne when Edwy died in October 959. Immediately Edgar recalled Dunstan from exile and made him successively Bishop of Worcester, then of London and finally Archbishop of Canterbury.
Edgar is regarded as a Saint by the Catholic church.
Genealogy
Other websites
Medieval Sourcebook: Anglo-Saxon Dooms: laws of King Edgar, a fragment
Edgar of England At Find A Grave
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography entry
940s births
975 deaths
House of Wessex
Up in Central Park

Up in Central Park is a 1948 American musical comedy movie directed by William A. Seiter and was based on the play of the same name by Herbert Fields. It stars Deanna Durbin, Dick Haymes, Vincent Price, Albert Sharpe, Tom Powers, Hobart Cavanaugh, Howard Freeman and was distributed by Universal Pictures.
Other websites
1948 comedy movies
1940s American musical movies
American musical comedy movies
Movies based on plays
Movies directed by William A. Seiter
Parigné-l'Évêque

Parigne-l'Eveque is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.
References
Communes in Sarthe
Calcutta (1947 movie)

Calcutta is a 1947 American crime thriller movie directed by John Farrow and starring Alan Ladd, Gail Russell, William Bendix, June Duprez, Lowell Gilmore, Benson Fong, Edith King. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Other websites
1947 crime movies
1940s thriller movies
1940s crime thriller movies
1940s American crime thriller movies
Movies directed by John Farrow
Paramount Pictures movies
Movies set in India
Nur Yerlitaş

Nuray "Nur" Yerlitas (11 August 1955 - 27 April 2020) was a Turkish fashion designer. She was born in Istanbul. She was a judge on the television reality show Iste Benim Stilim from 2015 to 2017. She started her career by selling accessories from Italy. In the following years she opened her own boutique and entered into designing business.
In August 2018, Yerlitas was diagnosed with brain cancer. She died on 27 April 2020 at her home in Istanbul from the disease, aged 64.
References
1955 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from brain cancer
Cancer deaths in Turkey
Fashion designers
People from Istanbul
Bétracq

Betracq is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
References
Communes in Pyrenees-Atlantiques
Ed Gillespie

Edward Walter "Ed" Gillespie (born August 1, 1961) is an American Republican politician. He served as the 61st Chairman of the Republican National Committee and Counselor to the President during George W. Bush's administration.
Gillespie, along with Democrat Jack Quinn, founded Quinn Gillespie & Associates, a bipartisan lobbying firm. In January 2014, Gillespie announced he was running for Virginia's U.S. Senate seat currently held by Mark Warner in the 2014 election, and on June 7, 2014, he received the Republican nomination.
In October 2015, Gillespie announced his plans to run for Governor of Virginia in 2017. In June 2017, he became the Republican Party's candidate for governor in Virginia's 2017 election, facing Democratic nominee Ralph Northam who later won the election.
References
Other websites
Official Senate Campaign Website
Quinn & Gillespie
Chris Oakes, "Selling America on Crypto," Wired, March 4, 1998.
The United States Needs a Clear and Realistic Encryption Policy , Statement of Edward Gillespie, executive director, Americans for Computer Privacy, March 4, 1999.
Jim VandeHei, "Bush Policies Ease Transition For Aides Into Lobbyist Jobs," Wall Street Journal, March 19, 2001.https://web.archive.org/web/20030226013426/http://www.counterpunch.org/pipermail/counterpunch-list/2001-March/007364.html
Ryan Lizza, "The Insider," New Republic, June 19, 2001.https://web.archive.org/web/20021030041000/http://www.tnr.com/073001/lizza073001_print.html
A look at the 2004 presidential field , CNN.com, January 1, 2003: Ed Gillespie joined "Crossfire" hosts James Carville and Tucker Carlson.
Robert Novak, "Bush on the Hill ," Creators Syndicate, May 24, 2003.
Mike Allen, "Bush Picks Campaign Chief, RNC Chairman ," Washington Post, June 17, 2003.
Elisabeth Bumiller, "Fierce Defender of President to Lead Campaign for Court", New York Times, July 6, 2005.
Thomas B. Edsall, "Lobbyist to Campaign For Bush Court Nominee: Gillespie Choice Marks Bid to Use GOP Muscle", Washington Post, July 8, 2005.
1961 births
Living people
American lobbyists
American Roman Catholics
Politicians from New Jersey
Politicians from Virginia
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Old South Arabian

Old South Arabian (or Sayhadic or Yemenite) is a group of four closely related extinct languages. They were spoken in the far southern part of the Arabian Peninsula. They were written in the Ancient South Arabian script.
There were several Old South Arabian languages (e.g. Awsanian), of which very little evidence has survived, however. A pair of possible surviving Sayhadic languages is attested in the Razihi language and Faifi language spoken in far north-west of Yemen. Although these varieties of speech have both Arabic and Sayhadic features. It is hard to classify them as either Arabic dialects with a Sayhadic substratum, or Sayhadic languages that have been restructured under pressure of Arabic.
Languages of Asia
GNU Emacs

GNU Emacs (short for Editing Macros) is thought to be text editor that is common on many UNIX-based operating systems, Mac and Windows Operating systems but it's actually a extendable elisp editor that can be made to be just about anything
Emacs is primarily used by just about everyone from programmers to home desktop users. This is because emacs can do just about anything you can think of. Some of the uses of Emacs include:
Creating PDF documents
Setting up agendas and to-do lists
Reading e-mail and news
Keeping a calendar and diary
Chat on IRC
It can even act as a desktop manger (Linux, BSD or other Unix like systems only at this time)
Emacs is made powerful by Emacs Lisp, a built-in programming language that lets the user extend the capabilities of the editor.
A common Emacs joke is that all of the functions of the editor are crazy weird keystrokes (such as "control-meta-4 shift-left-P-semicolon-F1" to do something simple like cut and paste text). In reality, though, these keystrokes are relatively simple, though they can take some getting used to.
There is an Internet turf war between programmers that prefer Emacs and programmers that prefer Vim (or Vi), another common text editor.
References
GNU project software
Microsoft Windows software
Linux software
Bude

Bude is a coastal town in Cornwall, England, UK. It is at the mouth of the River Neet. Bude is surrounded by beautiful beaches such as Summerleaze Beach, Widemouth Bay, Crooklets Beach and Blackrock Beach. The River Neet runs through the town. Bude is a very popular location for tourists especially in the summer. The Bude Canal is a disused canal.
Towns in Cornwall
Civilization III

Civilization III or Civ 3 is a turn based strategy computer game by Firaxis Games from 2001. It is the third part of the successful serial. The game become two expansion sets, Play the World and Conquests. In the game you control a nation from the stone age too the modern age. Civilization III has many new innovations in contrast with Civilization II. There are strategic resources, country borders and the military units will support by the nation, not by the cities.
Related pages
Civilization (series)
Civilization IV
Other websites
official page
Civilization series
2001 video games
Weber City, Virginia

Weber City, Virginia is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.
Towns in Virginia
Tri-Cities, Tennessee
Curtis Gans

Curtis Bernard Gans (June 17, 1937 - March 15, 2015) was an American activist, writer, and expert on American voting patterns. He was born in Brooklyn, New York.
Gans served as a consultant to the Woodrow Wilson Center for International Scholars, the National Committee for an Effective Congress, and managed a number of political campaigns. Gans died in Frederick, Maryland from lung cancer, aged 77.
References
1937 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
American activists
Writers from New York City
Şahan Gökbakar

Sahan Gokbakar (born 22 October 1980) is a Turkish comedian and actor. He is best known for playing Recep Ivedik.
Gokbakar grew up in the capital, Ankara, Turkey's capital, attending the primary school and high school.
References
Turkish actors
Living people
1980 births
Atlanta Chiefs

Atlanta Chiefs was a soccer club which played in the United States. It played first from 1967 until 1972. It was reformed in 1979 until it folded in 1981.
League position
References
1967 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
1972 disestablishments in the United States
1979 establishments in the United States
1981 disestablishments in the United States
Sports in Atlanta
20th-century disestablishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
1960s establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Defunct American soccer teams
AMPROFON

Asociacion Mexicana de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas (AMPROFON) is a group that represents the music industry in Mexico.
Sales certificates
References
Mexican music
Music industry
Daniel Cameron (American politician)

Daniel Jay Cameron (born November 22, 1985) is an American lawyer and politician. He is the 51st Attorney General of Kentucky since 2019. He is the first African-American, and the first Republican since 1943, to be elected to the office.
In September 2020, Cameron appeared on a 20-person shortlist of possible replacements for Ruth Bader Ginsburg to the U.S. Supreme Court by President Donald Trump.
In May 2022, Cameron announced his candidacy for Governor of Kentucky in the 2023 election.
References
1985 births
Living people
Lawyers from Kentucky
Lawyers from Texas
Politicians from Kentucky
Republican Party (United States) politicians
People from Plano, Texas
Watford City, North Dakota

Watford City is a city in North Dakota, United States. As of the 2017 census, 6,523 people lived there. It is the county seat of McKenzie County.
Cities in North Dakota
County seats in North Dakota
Weld County, Colorado

Weld County is a county in the state of Colorado. The county seat is Greeley. As of the 2020 Census, 328,981 people lived there.
References
Colorado counties
Empire of Brazil

The Empire of Brazil was a parliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy of the nineteenth century that covered the areas of modern Brazil and Uruguay. Brazil was
originally a colony of the Portuguese Empire but became its center when the Prince Regent Joao VI fled the French invasion of Portugal in 1808. When Joao returned to Portugal he left his son Pedro as regent of the autonomous Kingdom of Brazil.
On 7 September 1822, Pedro declared Brazil to be an independent Empire and was acclaimed by the people as emperor. However, in 1831 he was able to return to Portugal. He abdicated the Brazilian throne and left his young son Pedro II as emperor. His reign saw three international wars and decades of economic prosperity and political stability.
Pedro I, Pedro II and the imperial family of Brazil wanted the abolition of slavery, and on 13 May 1888 the imperial princess regent, Isabel de Braganca and Bourbon signed the Golden Law on behalf of her father, ending slavery in Brazil. By that time, Brazil had become the last major nation to have slavery. Former plantation owners, dissatisfied with the abolition of slavery, joined the republican movement led by Deodoro da Fonseca, an elderly Marshal, to carry out a Coup d'etat and install a republic which became Brazil's first dictatorship on November 15, 1889. The imperial family was exiled, and the Republican government persecuted, tortured and killed all those who opposed the regime.
References
Other websites
Former monarchies of South America
1822 establishments
19th-century establishments in Brazil
19th-century establishments in Uruguay
1889 disestablishments
Disestablishments in Brazil
1820s establishments in South America
Former empires
List of Super Bowl champions

The Super Bowl is the annual American football game that decides the champion of the National Football League (NFL). The game ends the regular season and is the best game in the NFL playoffs.
Super Bowl championship (1966-present)
Numbers in parentheses in the table are Super Bowl appearances as of the date of that Super Bowl and are used as follows:
Winning team and losing team columns indicate the number of times that team has appeared in a Super Bowl as well as each respective teams' Super Bowl record to date.
Venue column indicates number of times that stadium has hosted a Super Bowl.
City column indicates number of times that metropolitan area has hosted a Super Bowl.
Indicates a team that made the playoffs as a second-place team (rather than by winning a division).
Indicates a team that made the playoffs as a wild card team (rather than by winning a division).
Notes
References
National Football League lists
Super Bowl
Étienne Mougeotte

Etienne Mougeotte (4 March 1940 - 7 October 2021) was a French journalist and media director. He was Vice-President of TF1 Group and was satellite director of TF1 from 1987 to 2007. He worked for Le Figaro from 2008 to 2012 and was Director-General of Radio Classique from 2012 to 2018.
Mougeotte died on 7 October 2021 in Paris from tonsil cancer, aged 81.
References
1940 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from oropharyngeal cancer
French journalists
Writers from Paris
Sharjah

Sharjah can refer to:
Sharjah (emirate), the third largest emirate of the United Arab Emirates (UAE)
Sharjah (city), the largest city and capital of the emirate of Sharjah
Sharjah C.S.C., a football club in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates (UAE)
In 1972, oil was first discovered in Sharjah in the Mubarak Field.
The first export of oil from Sharjah was in 1974.
In 1975, the first container station in the Gulf and Middle East area was established at the Khaled Seaport, Sharjah.
Sharjah has 19 industrial areas that contributes to more than 48% of the UAE's gross industrial output.
In 1927, Sharjah Municipality was established as the first municipality in UAE.
In 2003, the first low cost airline in the Middle East (Air Arabia) was established in Sharjah
There are 3 ports in Sharjah and their total area is 49,588,000 square meters
Sharjah last recorded annual GDP was 72 billion
There are 3 ports in Sharjah with a total area of 49.5 million square meters
Haifa Wehbe

Haifa Wehbe (, born March 10, 1972) is a female Lebanese singer, actress, model, and jewelry designer who is known in the Arab world. Wehbe was born in a rural town in South Lebanon and currently lives in Beirut. She started her music career with her debut album Huwa az-Zaman (, It is Time).
Early life and career
Before she became a singer, she was a model. She won title "Miss South Lebanon" when she was sixteen. In 1995, she was the runner-up for Miss Lebanon before the public found out she had a daughter named Zeinab.
Her second 2005 album was Baddi 'Ays (, I Want to Live). Her second songs was "Ana Haifa" (I am Haifa).
She also appeared in Pepsi ad with French footballer Thierry Henry.
References
Other websites
Official website
Official Facebook page
1972 births
Living people
Lebanese Muslims
Lebanese singers
Models
Movie actors
People from Beirut
Nicola Materazzi

Nicola Materazzi (28 January 1939 - 24 August 2022) was an Italian mechanical engineer. He helped design many sports and racing cars, including the Ferrari 288 GTO, Ferrari F40, Bugatti EB110 and B Engineering Edonis. He was nicknamed "Mr F40" or the "father of the F40".
References
1939 births
2022 deaths
Italian mechanical engineers
People from Campania
Invention

An invention is a new thing that someone has made. The computer was an invention when it was first made. We say when it was "invented". New things that are made or created are called inventions. Cars and plastics are inventions that everyone knows. Inventions are made by inventors. Many inventions are patented.
Ideas are also called inventions. Writers can invent characters, and then invent a story about them.
Inventing
Over time, humans have invented objects which make life easier for themselves. Because of this, a quote "necessity is the mother of invention", was written. The quote means that a lack of something should inspire someone to create something to fill that empty space. However, not all people believe that this is true. They think that too much of something can lead to an invention.
Many inventions are just a variation of something that already exists.
Other websites
List of PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty) Important Inventions (on the WIPO web site)
Basic English 850 words
Live Aid

Live Aid was two rock concerts in London and Philadelphia that were held on July 13, 1985. It was organized by Bob Geldof and Midge Ure to raise money for African citizens who were in poverty not getting enough food. Live Aid was held in two places at the same time, in Wembley Stadium in London, and in John F. Kennedy Stadium in Philadelphia. The concert raised $127 million.
On November 8, 2004, Official recordings of the Live Aid concert was sold on DVD. The money that the DVD set got was given to Africa.
References
1985 in music
Charity events
20th century in Philadelphia
1985 in the United States
1985 in the United Kingdom
1980s in London
Concerts
Guillestre

Guillestre is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
References
Communes in Hautes-Alpes
Intermediate value theorem

The intermediate value theorem says that if a function, , is continuous over a closed interval , and is equal to and at either end of the interval, for any number, c, between and , we can find an so that .
This means that if a continuous function's sign changes in an interval, we can find a root of the function in that interval. For example, if and , we can find an in the interval that is a root of this function, meaning that for this value of x, , if is continuous. This corollary is called Bolzano's theorem.
References
Mathematical theorems
Mathematical analysis
Philipp Bobkov

Philipp Denisovich Bobkov (; 1 December 1925 - 17 June 2019) was a Russian KGB official. He worked as a director of the KGB political police department (Fifth Chief Directorate) that was responsible for stopping protests in the former Soviet Union. He was called the "KGB brain". Bobkov was born in Oleksandriia Raion, Ukrainian SSR.
On 17 June 2019, Bobkov died in Moscow, at the age of 93.
References
1925 births
2019 deaths
KGB people
Ukrainian people
Political asylum

Someone may ask for political asylum when they are frightened to live oppressed in their own country. They will then go to another country. If they are allowed to live in the new country this is called political asylum.
People who seek asylum say they are victims of threats, physical harm or denigration of their human dignity as these are violating their human rights.
The political asylum is one of the human rights affirmed by Article 14 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and a rules of international human rights law. All countries who have agreed to the United Nations Conventions Relating to the Status of Refugees must let people, who do qualify, come into their country.
People who qualify for asylum are those who can show that they might be badly treated in their own country because of their:
Religion,
Political opinions
Membership of a particular social group or social activities or
Personal lifestyle and sexual orientation.
People often confuse exiling an individual from his/her home country as a migration to a political asylum but that is not as it seems, migrating with one's own will due to personal reasons can be a political migration but not under the sentence of Government.
People who are given political asylum are called refugees. They are often confused with "economic refugees". Economic refugees are people who move from a poor country to a richer one so that they may work and make more money, often to send back to their families.
Related pages
Deportation
Exile
Refugee
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
References
Human rights
2021 Welsh Conservatives leadership election

The 2021 Welsh Conservatives leadership election took place on 23 January 2021. It happened after Paul Davies resigned from being leader of the Welsh Conservatives, after people saying that he had broken COVID-19 rules.
After a short talk between people in the Welsh Conservatives, the group decided Andrew RT Davies should be the new leader.
References
2021 elections in the United Kingdom
Conservative Party (UK)
École nationale supérieure d'électrotechnique, d'électronique, d'informatique, d'hydraulique et des télécommunications

Ecole nationale superieure d'electrotechnique, d'electronique, d'informatique, d'hydraulique et des telecommunications is a renowned graduate engineering school in France. It is in a campus of the University of Toulouse (Southern France).
Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees :
Ingenieur ENSEEIHT (ENSEEIHT Graduate engineer Masters level program)
Master of Science (in partnership with the French Civil Aviation University)
Masteres Specialises (MS)
Massive Online Open Course.
Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at ENSEEIHT.
Most of the 1500 graduate engineer students at ENSEEIHT live in dedicated residential buildings nearby research labs and metro public transports.
Research labs
Research activities at ENSEEIHT relate to the following topics:
Fluid mechanics
Information technology
Systems engineering
Energy
References
Further reading
Official website
Technical colleges and universities in Toulouse
1907 establishments in Europe
1900s establishments in France
Shell shock

In World War I, many soldiers had psychological problems. These kinds of problems are known as post-traumatic stress disorder (or PTSD) today. The term post-traumatic stress disorder is relatively new. At the time, people such as Charles Samuel Myers called this condition shell shock. Shell shock is a reaction to bombardment and fighting. Soldiers who were affected often felt helpless. Very often they panicked, were scared, and tried to flee. They were also unable to reason, sleep, walk or talk.
During the War, people did not agree on what exactly shell shock was. Some people interpreted it as a physical or psychological injury, others said it was a lack of morale. In 2021, the Department of Veterans Affairs still used the term shell shock to describe certain parts of PTSD. In most cases, the term is no longer used, except for very specific injuries which occurred during the war.
From World War II onwards, people were no longer diagnosed with shell shock: The new term used was combat stress reaction: this is a similar but not identical response to the trauma of warfare and bombardment.
Modern cases of shell shock
As outlined, the term shell shocked is used in the context of World War I, to describe early cases of what is called PTSD today. As it is a reaction to the detonation of high-impact explosives, it also has modern uses.
When they were in Iraq and Afghanistan, approximately 380,000 U.S. troops, about 19% of those deployed, were estimated to have sustained brain injuries from explosive weapons and devices. This prompted the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) to open up a $10 million study of the blast effects on the human brain. The study revealed that, while the brain remains initially intact immediately after low level blast effects, the chronic inflammation afterwards is what ultimately leads to many cases of shell shock and PTSD.
Related pages
Combat stress reaction
References
Sources
Coulthart, Ross. The Lost Diggers, Sydney: HarperCollins Publishers, 2012. ISBN 9780732294618
Jones, E, Fear, N and Wessely, S. "Shell Shock and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Historical Review". Am J Psychiatry 2007; 164:1641-1645
Hochschild, Adam. To End all Wars - a story of loyalty and rebellion, 1914-1918 Mariner Books, Houghton, Mifflin Harcourt, Boston, New York, 2011. ISBN 978-0-547-75031-6
Leese, Peter. Shell Shock. Traumatic Neurosis and the British Soldiers of the First World War, Palgrave Macmillan, 2014. ISBN 978-1-137-45337-2.
Mcleod, A.D. "Shell shock, Gordon Holmes and the Great War" J R Soc Med. 2004 February; 97(2): 86-89.
Myers, C.S. "A contribution to the study of shell shock". Lancet, 1', 1915, pp. 316-320
Shephard, Ben. A War of Nerves: Soldiers and Psychiatrists, 1914-1994. London, Jonathan Cape, 2000.
Wessely, S. The Life and Death of Private Harry Farr Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, Vol 99, September 2006
Other websites
Shell Shock during World War I, by Professor Joanna Bourke - BBC
An Address on the Repression of War Experience, by W.H. Rivers, 4 December 1917
History of medicine
Anxiety disorders
Scinax ruberoculatus

The red-eyed snouted tree frog (Scinax ruberoculatus) is a frog. It lives in forests in Brazil, Suriname, and French Guiana.
The red-eyed snouted tree frog is smaller than other frogs in Scinax. The adult male frog is 22.6-25.9 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 25.4-27.5 mm long. This frog is light gray or light brown in color, with a dark spot on its head. The scientists wrote that this spot looked like a human back tooth or like a moth to them. There is an off-white stripe on each side of the body. The upper half of the iris of the eye is red in color and the bottom half of the iris is gray in color. The belly is whitish.
The tadpole is about 22.2 mm long, with the tail. The body is bronze in color with darker brown spots. Young frogs are gray with darker spots. The irises of their eyes are red all around with black color around the iris.
The name ruberoculatus comes from the Latin words ruber for "red" and oculatus for "having eyes."
References
Frogs of South America
Suzette

Suzette is a commune. It is found in the Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur region in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.
Transport
Road
The D90 road passes through Suzette.
Communes in Vaucluse
Teamwork

Teamwork is when many people work together. They work together to reach a goal. Teamwork helps people to understand others, build friendly friendships, and to get any job done the right way. In health care, teamwork is often practiced to help patients at the hospital. All team members are given a job to do. In teamwork, all work is shared.
References
Social groups
Naomi Munakata

was a Japanese-born Brazilian conductor.
Munakata was born in Hiroshima, Japan, and her parents emigrated to Brazil when she was very young. Her work was set in the city of Sao Paulo. She was director of the Municipal School of Music of Sao Paulo, and conductor and artistic director of the State Youth Choir. She directed the Osesp Choir for two decades, and ran a radio program. Her last position was as principal conductor of Coral Paulistano Mario de Andrade.
She was hospitalized on 16 March 2020 at the Hospital Alemao Oswaldo Cruz with symptoms of COVID-19. She died on 26 March 2020 at age 64.
References
1955 births
2020 deaths
People from Hiroshima
Brazilian musicians
Brazilian composers
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
20th-century composers
Atlas Computer (Manchester)

The Atlas Computer was a computer installed in Manchester University in 1962 that was very important in the development of computing. The Atlas computer was one of the worlds first supercomputers and possibly the most powerful computer in the world at its time.
References
Historical computers
University of Manchester
Champs-sur-Yonne

Champs-sur-Yonne is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Boom Clap

"Boom Clap" is an electropop song by Charli XCX. This song was released as the first single from The Fault in Our Stars soundtrack. It was also on XCX's studio album Sucker.
The single was released on June 15, 2014. It peaked at #6 on the UK Singles chart. It was also #8 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. It got positive reviews by music critics.
References
Pop songs
2014 songs
Longeville-sur-Mogne

Longeville-sur-Mogne is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France.
References
Communes in Aube
Political spectrum

A political spectrum is a way to classify different political positions in relation to others. These positions sit upon one or more geometric axes that represent independent political dimensions.
Elections
Jihadism

"Jihadism" (also "jihadist movement", "jihadi movement" and variants) is a 21st-century neologism found in Western languages to describe Islamist movements seen by the military to be "rooted in Islam" and a threat to the West.
The term "jihadism" first appeared in South Asian media; Western journalists adopted it in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks of 2001.
References
Islamic organizations
Italian dressing

Italian dressing is a type of vinaigrette salad dressing in American cuisine that is made up of water, vinegar or lemon juice, vegetable oil, chopped bell peppers, sugar or corn syrup, herbs and spices (including oregano, fennel, dill and salt) and sometimes onion and garlic.
Salads
Condiments
American food
Electoral district of Gympie

Gympie is an electoral district of Queensland. It was created in 1873, abolished in 1950 and recreated in 1960.
Election results
References
Gympie
Dreamer (Supertramp song)

"Dreamer" is a 1974 song by English rock band Supertramp. It was taken from their third studio album Crime of the Century. It went to number 13 in the United Kingdom, number 34 in New Zealand, number 47 in Australia and number 75 in Canada. The 1980 live version topped the charts in Canada and made number 15 in the United States.
Track listings
1974: 7-inch single
Side one
"Dreamer" - 3:33 (Written by Roger Hodgson)
Side two
"Bloody Well Right" - 4:26 (Written by Rick Davies)
1980: 7-inch single
US version
Side one
"Dreamer" (Live) - 3:15 (Hodgson)
Side two
"From Now On" (Live) - 6:44 (Davies)
European version
Side one
"Dreamer" (Live) - 3:15 (Hodgson)
Side two
"You Started Laughing" (Live) - 3:50 (Davies)
Notes
References
1974 songs
Progressive rock songs
Art pop songs
Supertramp songs
Black Girl (1966 movie)

Black Girl (original French title: La noire de...) is a 1966 French Senegalese drama movie directed by Ousmane Sembene and starring Mbissine Therese Diop, Anne-Marie Jelinek, Robert Fontaine, Momar Nar Sene.
Other websites
1966 drama movies
French drama movies
Senegalese movies
Movies directed by Ousmane Sembene
Resident Evil: Extinction

Resident Evil: Extinction is a 2007 action horror movie directed by Russell Mulcahy and a sequel to 2004's Resident Evil: Apocalypse. It starred Milla Jovovich.
Plot
The T-Virus spread all over the world after it left Raccoon City.
Cast
Milla Jovovich as Alice
Ali Larter as Claire Redfield
Oded Fehr as Carlos Oliviera
Ashanti as Nurse Betty
Mike Epps as Lloyd Jefferson "L.J." Wade
Jason O' Mara as Albert Wesker
References
Other websites
2007 horror movies
2007 science fiction movies
2007 action movies
2000s sequel movies
Resident Evil movies
Science fiction action movies
Movies set in Japan
American horror movies
American science fiction movies
American action movies
French horror movies
French science fiction movies
French action movies
German horror movies
British horror movies
British science fiction movies
British action movies
Canadian science fiction movies
Canadian action movies
Canadian horror movies
Australian science fiction movies
Australian action movies
Australian horror movies
Post-apocalyptic movies
Movies set in deserts
Movies directed by Russell Mulcahy
Molokini

Molokini is a crescent-shaped, submerged volcanic crater which forms a small islet located in `Alalakeiki Channel between the islands of Maui and Kahoolawe in Maui County in Hawaii.
The islet has an area of . It is at its highest point, and is about west of Makena State Park and south of Maalaea Bay.
References
Islands of Hawaii
Roasio

Roasio is a comune in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region of Piedmont.
References
Settlements in Piedmont
White phosphorus

White phosphorus is an incendiary weapon. It makes a bright light and smoke. Its main ingredient is one of the allotropes of the chemical element phosphorus. White phosphorus is toxic to humans. It can burn deep into soft tissue, it can be breathed in, or it can be ingested (eaten). Over time, these can cause death.
The use of incendiary weapons against civilians is forbidden since 1949. They were used by U.S. forces in Iraq in 2004.
White phosphorous was also used for smoke cover by the Israeli Army during Operation Cast Lead in the Gaza Strip during the 2008-2009 war between Israel and Hamas.
Incendiary weapons
Pedro Armendáriz Jr.

Pedro Armendariz, Jr. (April 6, 1940 - December 26, 2011) was a Mexican actor and television actor.
Early life
Armendariz, Jr. was born on April 6, 1940 in Mexico City, Mexico, the son of actors Carmela (nee Pardo) and to Pedro Armendariz, Sr, both Mexican. His grandmother was from the United States. Armendariz, Jr. was married to Mexican actress Ofelia Medina.
Career
His career began in 1965 and is known for playing a small role with his father Armendariz, Sr. in Licence to Kill (1989). His final role was in the 2012 movie Casa de Mi Padre.
Death
In November 2011 Armendariz, Jr. was diagnosed with lung cancer. On December 26, 2011 Armendariz, Jr. died in a Memorial Hospital in New York City, New York from eye cancer, aged 71. He was later buried in Panteon Jardin, Mexico City.
References
Other websites
1940 births
2011 deaths
Deaths from eye neoplasm
Deaths from lung cancer
Actors from Mexico City
Cancer deaths in New York City
Mexican movie actors
Mexican stage actors
Mexican television actors
Mexican voice actors
Partille Municipality

Partille Municipality () is a municipality in Vastra Gotaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Partille.
References
Other websites
Partille Municipality
Municipalities of Vastra Gotaland County
Kenosha, Wisconsin

Kenosha is a city in Kenosha County in the state of Wisconsin. It is part of the Chicago Metropolitan Area, but is nearer to Milwaukee than it is to Chicago. It is the fourth biggest city in the state after Milwaukee, Madison, and Green Bay.
Cities in Wisconsin
County seats in Wisconsin
Kenosha County, Wisconsin
Suburbs of Chicago
Mafia II

Mafia II is the 2010 sequel to Mafia: The City of Lost Heaven. It was released on August 24, 2010 in North America and August 27, 2010 in the PAL region. The game is set in Empire Bay which is a parody of The Empire State, the nickname for New York in the years 1945 to 1951. Mafia II was protested by an Italian-American group because they thought the game was portraying ethnic stereotypes.
Second sequel
A third game and final sequel to Mafia is Mafia III, it has been released in 2016.
Other websites
Mafia II's Official website
References
2010 video games
Windows games
PlayStation 3 games
Xbox 360 games
Adventure games
Video game sequels
Shooter video games
California Institute of the Arts

The California Institute of the Arts (CalArts) is a private art university in Santa Clarita, California. It was created in 1961. They have Bachelor of Fine Arts, Master of Fine Arts, Master of Arts, and Doctor of Musical Arts programs. The school's area of education include Art, Critical Studies, Dance, Film/Video, Music, and Theater.
References
Colleges and universities in California
Los Angeles County, California
Duane Clarridge

Duane Ramsdell "Dewey" Clarridge (April 16, 1932 - April 9, 2016) was an American senior operations officer for the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and supervisor for more than 30 years. Clarridge was the chief of the Latin American division from 1981 to 1987 and a key figure in the Iran-Contra Affair.
Clarridge died at the age of 83, a week short of his 84th birthday in Leesburg, Virginia on April 9, 2016 from complications of esophageal cancer.
References
1932 births
2016 deaths
People from Nashua, New Hampshire
CIA people
Jubal Early

Jubal Anderson Early (November 3, 1816 - March 2, 1894) was a Confederate general in the American Civil War. He commanded a corps in Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. He invaded the north in 1864. After the war, he was one of the major defenders of the Confederate.
References
1816 births
1894 deaths
Confederate Army generals
Military people from Virginia
Rue, Switzerland

Rue () is a municipality of the district Glane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Fribourg
Cities in Switzerland
Electrical filament

An incandescent light bulb has a small thin wire with two bigger wires holding it up. This wire is called a filament. The filament is the part of the light bulb that produces light.
Filaments in incandescent light bulbs are made of tungsten. Whenever an electric current goes through the filament, the filament glows. It may also be known as the electron emitting element in a vacuum tube. To make the bulb produce more light, the filament is usually made of coils of fine wire, also known as the coiled coil.
Electricity
Ivo Niederle

Ivo Niederle (26 December 1929 - 8 January 2021) was a Czech actor, entertainer, and commentator. He was born in Prague. He was known for his stage works at Municipal Theaters of Prague. His best known movie and television roles were in Close to Heaven, Zena za pultem, Coach to Vienna.
Niederle died on 8 January 2021 in Prague, aged 91.
References
1929 births
2021 deaths
Czech movie actors
Czech stage actors
Czech television actors
Actors from Prague
Competition (biology)

Competition is an interaction between organisms or species in which the fitness of one is lowered by the presence of another. According to evolutionary theory, this competition within and between species for resources plays a role in natural selection.
Competition occurs when organisms or species need or use the same resources. Common resources are food, water and territory.
Two species in competition often continue long-term in the same environment. This suggests they each have an "edge" which the other does not. In may cases being there first is a big edge. For example, plants consume nitrogen by absorbing it into their roots, making nitrogen unavailable to nearby plants.
Species in competition may directly interfere with each other. An example of this can be seen between the ant Novomessor cockerelli and red harvester ants, where the first interferes with the ability of the second to forage. It does this by plugging the entrances to their rival's colonies with small rocks.
Related pages
Struggle for existence
Natural selection
References
Biological competition
Carmine Appice

Carmine Appice ( ) (born December 15, 1946) is an American drummer and percussionist. He played with Vanilla Fudge; Cactus; the power trio Beck, Bogert & Appice; Rod Stewart; King Kobra; and Blue Murder.
References
1946 births
Living people
American rock drummers
American blues musicians
American heavy metal musicians
American heavy metal singers
American rock singers
American blues singers
Singer-songwriters from New York City
Musicians from New York City
Salt of this Sea

Salt of this Sea () is a 2008 Palestinian French Belgian American Dutch Spanish Swiss drama movie directed by Annamarie Jacir and starring Suheir Hammad, Saleh Bakri.
Other websites
2008 drama movies
Palestinian movies
French drama movies
Belgian drama movies
American drama movies
Dutch drama movies
Spanish drama movies
Swiss drama movies
Movies directed by Annamarie Jacir
Jan Peter Balkenende

Jan Peter Balkenende (born 7 May 1956) is a Dutch politician. He was the Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 2002 until 2010. He is a member of the Christian Democratic Appeal party.
In other countries, he is perhaps most famous because he looks like Harry Potter. This makes him popular with young children, but many Dutch make jokes about it and call him "Jan Potter Balkenende" and other names like that.
Balkenende lives in Capelle aan den IJssel, Netherlands.
References
Bio at Parlement.com
Other websites
1956 births
Living people
Christian Democratic Appeal politicians
Dutch academics
Dutch Calvinists
Dutch councillors
Dutch jurists
Leaders of political parties in the Netherlands
Members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Politicians from Zeeland
Prime Ministers of the Netherlands