pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
University of Nova Gorica

University of Nova Gorica - UNG (), is the fourth university in Nova Gorica, Slovenia.
Other websites
1990s establishments in Slovenia
1995 establishments in Europe
Colleges and universities in Europe
Buildings and structures in Slovenia
Organizations based in Slovenia
Otis Clay

Otis Clay (February 11, 1942 - January 8, 2016) was an American R&B and soul singer, who started in gospel music. He was known for his songs "Tryin' to Live My Life Without You" and "The Only Way Is Up". He was born in Bolivar County, Mississippi, but raised in Muncie, Indiana.
In 2013, Clay was inducted to the Blues Hall of Fame.
Clay died of a heart attack on January 8, 2016 in Chicago, Illinois at the age of 73.
References
Other websites
Official website
An interview in May 2013 at Soul Express
An Interview in June 2015 at Soul Express
1942 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Burials at Oak Woods Cemetery
American R&B singers
American soul musicians
Singers from Mississippi
Musicians from Mississippi
Singers from Indiana
Musicians from Indiana
People from Muncie, Indiana
Josep Mestres Quadreny

Josep Maria Mestres Quadreny (4 March 1929 - 18 January 2021) was a Catalan composer. He taught at the Darmstadt New Music Courses and the Latin American Course of Contemporary Music in Brazil.
He was chairman of the Joan Brossa Foundation and an emeritus member of the board of trustees of the Joan Miro Foundation. He composed the music for Nocturne 29.
Mestres Quadreny died on 18 January 2021 in Manresa, Spain at the age of 91.
References
1929 births
2021 deaths
Spanish composers
Kent (township), North Dakota

Kent, North Dakota is a township in Dickey County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 29 at the 2010 census.
References
Settlements in North Dakota
North Dakota townships
Mahmood (singer)

Alessandro Mahmoud (born 12 September 1992), better known by his stage name Mahmood, is an Italian singer-songwriter. Mahmood first came to prominence after competing in season six of the Italian version of The X Factor. In 2019, he won the Sanremo Music Festival with the song "Soldi", and will represent Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest 2019. He had earned a spot at the Sanremo Music Festival by winning the second night of the standalone Sanremo Giovani 2018 competition on 21 December 2018 with the song Gioventu bruciata. He won the Sanremo Music Festival 2022 once again, alongside Blanco with the song "Brividi", and will represent Italy again in the Eurovision Song Contest 2022 in Turin.
1992 births
Living people
Italian singer-songwriters
Musicians from Milan
Anderson County, Kentucky

Anderson County is a county in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 21,421. Its county seat is Lawrenceburg.
References
1820s establishments in Kentucky
1827 establishments in the United States
Kentucky counties
Naked Lunch (movie)

Naked Lunch is a 1991 science fiction drama movie. It was directed by David Cronenberg. It was produced by Jeremy Thomas and Gabriella Martinelli. Naked Lunch was released on December 27, 1991 in the United States and on 24 April 1992 in the United Kingdom. It is based on the William S. Burroughs 1959 novel of the same name. The movie was co-produced by movie companies in Canada, the United Kingdom, and Japan.
The movie got positive reviews from critics. It has a 71% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Movie critic Roger Ebert rated the movie two-and-a-half stars out of four and said "While I admired it in an abstract way, I felt repelled by the material on a visceral level. There is so much dryness, death and despair here, in a life spinning itself out with no joy".
In 1992, the movie won Genie Awards in the categories of Best Motion Picture, Best Director, Best Supporting Actress, Best Art Direction, Best Cinematography, Best Overall Sound, and Best Sound Editing.
Cast
Peter Weller as William Lee
Judy Davis as Joan Lee/Joan Frost
Ian Holm as Tom Frost
Roy Scheider as Dr. Benway
Joseph Scorsiani as Kiki
Julian Sands as Yves Cloquet
Monique Mercure as Fadela
Nicholas Campbell as Hank
Robert A. Silverman as Hans
John Friesen as Hauser
Sean McCann as O'Brien
References
Other websites
1991 science fiction movies
1991 drama movies
20th Century Fox movies
British science fiction movies
British drama movies
Canadian science fiction movies
Canadian drama movies
American science fiction movies
American drama movies
English-language movies
Japanese science fiction movies
Japanese drama movies
Movies about drugs
Movies set in New York City
Movies set in the 1950s
Movies directed by David Cronenberg
Pakistan Science Club

Pakistan Science Club (PSC) () is a youth organization in Pakistan that engages students on various scientific activities aimed at promoting scientific and technological knowledge amongst the country's young generation.
Based in Karachi, capital of the Sindh province, the organization runs various seminars and organized activities and, more recently, arranged summer camps in such activities. The club has more recently been engaging in activities in collaboration with other science clubs such as the Karachi astronomy club. PSC has also participated in international science events such as the World Science Day for Peace and Development.
PSC is also member of International Federation of Inventors Associations: IFIA.
References
Other websites
Official site
Official YouTube channel
Facebook page
Official Vimeo channel
Organizations based in Pakistan
Chagossians

The Chagossians (also Ilois or Chagos Islanders) are people who previously lived on the Chagos Islands. They are of African, Indian and Malay ancestry. They lived on Diego Garcia, Peros Banhos and the Salomon island chain, as well as other islands. They were forcibly removed from the islands by the British government in the late 1960s and early 1970s. This was done at the request of the United States government, so that Diego Garcia could become a military base. Most Chagossians now live in Mauritius and the United Kingdom. No Chagossians live in the Chagos Islands anymore, as it is now the site of the military base Camp Justice.
The Chagossians are mostly descended from African people, particularly from Madagascar, Mozambique and Mauritius. There is also a significant proportion of Indian and Malay ancestry. The French brought some to the Chagos islands as slaves from Mauritius in 1786. Others arrived as fishermen, farmers, and coconut plantation workers during the 19th century.
The Chagossians speak Chagossian Creole, a creole language based on French. It has words that come from various African and Asian languages. It is part of the Bourbonnais Creole family. Chagossian Creole is still spoken by some of their descendants in Mauritius and Seychelles. Chagossian people living in the UK speak English.
On 22 May 2019, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution [86] asking the United Kingdom to surrender the Chagos Archipelago to Mauritius within six months.
References
Ethnic groups in Africa
Ethnic groups in Asia
Dol2day

dol2day ("democracy online today") is a social networking platform for politically interested German speaking people launched on May 15, 2000. The site is a combination of Internet forum and multi-user dungeon with
personal pages,
discussions,
virtual parties,
groups,
chat-function,
E-mail-function,
internet radio,
chats with politicians and other celebrities and
an election of an "Internet Chancellor" for a period of four months.
Other websites
Official website
DORA community radio website
Web 2.0
Social networking
Radio
Coulaines

Coulaines is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.
Communes in Sarthe
Stacy Title

Stacy Title (February 21, 1964 - January 11, 2021) was an American movie director, screenwriter and producer. She was known for directing and writing the horror/black comedy movies Let the Devil Wear Black (1999), The Last Supper (1995) and The Bye Bye Man (2017). Title was raised in New York state.
In December 2017, Title was diagnosed with ALS. She died from problems caused by the disease on January 11, 2021 at the age of 56.
References
1964 births
2021 deaths
Movie directors from New York (state)
Movie producers from New York (state)
Screenwriters from New York (state)
Deaths from motor neurone disease
Steel Meets Steel – Ten Years of Glory

Steel Meets Steel: Ten Years of Glory is a compilation album from Swedish power metal group HammerFall.
Track listing
CD 1
"The Abyss" - (02:05)
"Last Man Standing" - (04:20)
"HammerFall v2.0.07" - (04:46) (appears as v1.07 on the iTunes digital version)
"The Dragon Lies Bleeding" - (04:22)
"Steel Meets Steel" - (04:02)
"Glory to the Brave" - (07:20)
"Heeding the Call" - (04:29)
"At the End of the Rainbow" - (04:04)
"Legacy of Kings" - (04:11)
"Let the Hammer Fall (Live)" - (05:51)
"Templars of Steel" - (05:24)
"Renegade" - (04:21)
"Always Will Be" - (04:29)
"Keep the Flame Burning" - (04:39)
"Riders of the Storm" - (04:34)
CD 2
"Hearts on Fire" - (03:51)
"Crimson Thunder" - (05:05)
"Hero's Return" - (05:22)
"Blood Bound" - (03:49)
"Secrets" - (06:06)
"Fury of the Wild" - (04:44)
"Never, Ever" - (04:05)
"Threshold" - (04:45)
"Natural High" - (04:15)
"Dark Wings, Dark Words" - (05:02)
"The Fire Burns Forever" - (03:22)
"Restless Soul" - (5:28)
"The Metal Age (Live)" - (04:27)
"Stone Cold (Live)" - (04:35)
"HammerFall v2.0.07" (MPEG video - Rough mix version)
Personnel
Joacim Cans - Vocals (All tracks)
Oscar Dronjak - Guitar, backing vocals (All tracks)
Stefan Elmgren - Guitar, backing vocals (Disc 1 tracks 1-3, 7-15; Disc 2 all tracks)
Fredrik Larsson - Bass, backing vocals (Disc 1 tracks 1-6; Disc 2 tracks 12,15)
Anders Johansson - Drums (Disc 1 tracks 1-3, 10-15; Disc 2 all tracks)
Jesper Stromblad - Drums (Disc 1 tracks 4-6)
Glenn Ljungstrom - Guitar (Disc 1 tracks 4-6)
Patrik Rafling - Drums (Disc 1 tracks 7-9)
Magnus Rosen - Bass (Disc 1 tracks 7-15; Disc 2 tracks 1-11, 13-14)
References
Power metal
HammerFall albums
2007 albums
Compilation albums
Heavy metal albums
Bessude

Bessude (Bessude) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 410 people lived there. Its area is 26.79 km2. It is 447 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Dick Feagler

Richard Feagler (July 29, 1938 - July 1, 2018) was an American journalist, playwright and television personality. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio. He entered journalism in 1963, writing obituaries for the Cleveland Press. In 1970 Feagler started a regular feature column that continued until the Press closed in 1982. He won a Peabody Award in 1991. He was the host of Feagler & Friends, a weekly half-hour discussion program on WVIZ until 2013.
Feagler died July 1, 2018 in Cleveland, Ohio, aged 79.
References
Other websites
Queer high for a straight guy
Plain Dealer column archive
Feagler & Friends
Feagler, Dick. "Christmas at Aunt Ida's." 1993. Rpt. 21 Dec. 2007.
1938 births
2018 deaths
American columnists
American playwrights
American television personalities
American radio personalities
Writers from Cleveland
Guipronvel

Guipronvel () is a former commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistere department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Milizac-Guipronvel.
References
Former communes in Finistere
Grace Slick

Grace Slick (born Grace Barnett Wing; October 30, 1939) is an American singer-songwriter from Evanston, Illinois. She was the lead singer of Jefferson Airplane, Jefferson Starship and Starship.
She was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996 as a member of Jefferson Airplane.
References
1939 births
Living people
Writers from Evanston, Illinois
Jefferson Airplane members
People from Highland Park, Illinois
Musicians from Evanston, Illinois
Singers from Evanston, Illinois
Lawsuit

A lawsuit occurs when two people or organizations ask a court or judge to solve a disagreement or argument. The two (or more) participants in a lawsuit are called the parties. Each party is usually represented by a lawyer. That means that the lawyer will talk to the judge for the party.
The party that starts the lawsuit is called the plaintiff because they are complaining about something the other side has done. This is also called "suing", or to "sue". The other party is called the defendant because it must defend what it has done. Both sides or parties will show evidence or proof that they are right and the other side or party is wrong. The parties may also ask witnesses questions about what the argument or disagreement is about.
After both parties have shown evidence and asked witnesses questions, the judge or jury will decide which party is right. Then the court will do something to make the winning party happy again. The court might make the losing party pay the winner money, or it might make the losing party stop doing something that made the winner unhappy.
The conduct of a lawsuit is called litigation. The plaintiffs and defendants are called litigants and the attorneys representing them are called litigators. The term litigation may also refer to criminal trial.
References
Law
Heather Menzies

Heather Menzies-Urich (born Heather Margaret Brotherston Menzies; December 3, 1949 - December 24, 2017) was a Canadian-American model, activist and actress. She was best known for her roles as Louisa von Trapp in the 1965 movie The Sound of Music and Jessica 6 in the TV series Logan's Run. She was born in Toronto, Ontario.
From 1975 until his death in 2002, she was married to actor Robert Urich.
Urich died on December 24, 2017 from brain cancer in Quinte West, Ontario at age 68.
References
Other websites
Official site
1949 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from brain cancer
Cancer deaths in Ontario
Canadian movie actors
Canadian television actors
Canadian voice actors
Canadian models
Naturalized citizens of the United States
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American activists
Models from Utah
Actors from Toronto
Actors from Utah
The Amazing Criswell

Jeron Criswell King (August 18, 1907 - October 4, 1982), born Jeron Criswell Konig, and known by his stage-name The Amazing Criswell , was an American psychic known for making wrong predictions. In person, he went by Charles Criswell King, and was sometimes credited as Jeron King Criswell. He was born in Princeton, Indiana.
Criswell was a friend of director Ed Wood and narrated in his famous movie Plan 9 from Outer Space.
Criswell died of cardiac arrest in Burbank, California, aged 75.
Other websites
"Criswell Predicts" -- The Onion A.V. Club, August 11, 1999
Photos of Criswell's grave at Findagrave
"The Amazing Criswell" Tribute page
1907 births
1982 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
American voice actors
American television actors
Actors from Indiana
SV Darmstadt 98

SV Darmstadt 98 is a football club which plays in Germany.
Darmstadt
German football clubs
Sport in Hesse
1898 establishments in Europe
1890s establishments in Germany
Herbert Hainer

Herbert Hainer (born 3 July 1954 in Dingolfing, Bavaria) is a German manager and the former CEO of Adidas-Group. He is the supervisory board chairman of the FC Bayern Munich AG. He is currently the president of the German club FC Bayern Munich.
Alma mater
His alma mater was at the University of Applied Sciences Landshut, where he graduated in economics.
Career
1979-1987 Procter & Gamble, Division Manager Sales and Marketing Germany
1987-1989: adidas Germany, Sales Director Hardware
1989-1991: adidas Germany, Sales Director Field
1991-1993: adidas Germany, National Sales Director
1993-1995: adidas Germany, Managing Director Sales
1996-1997: adidas AG, Senior Vice President Region Europe, Africa, Middle East
1997-1999: adidas AG, Member of the Executive Board
1999-2001: adidas-Salomon AG, Deputy Chairman of the Executive Board
2001-2016: adidas-group AG, CEO and Chairman of the Executive Board
13.03.2014-02.05.2014: Chairman interim of FC Bayern Munich e.V.
15.11.2019-present: President of FC Bayern Munich
References
Other websites
"Herbert Hainer, Adidas", European CEO, 16 March 2010. Retrieved 9 November 2010.
"Executive Profile: Herbert Hainer" Business Week. Retrieved 9 November 2010.
1954 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Bavaria
Scordatura

Scordatura in music is a technique in which players of string instruments tune their strings to different notes from a normal tuning. The word "scordatura" is an Italian word which means "mistuning". It was used for lutes, guitars, viols and instruments of the violin family.
Using a scordatura tuning made the instrument sound different. For example: a string tuned to a slightly higher note will sound louder and brighter because it is tighter. Care has to be taken not to tune it too high otherwise it will break. Scordatura also made it possible to play unusual chords or combinations of notes in string-crossing (when the bow moves quickly from one string to another).
When a composer writes for an instrument using scordatura tuning he shows at the beginning of the music what notes the strings must be tuned to. The music is then written, not as it sounds, but so that the player can read it as if the instrument were being played normally, e.g. if a G string is tuned up to G# and the composer wants a G# he simply writes a G, but it will sound G#.
Scordatura in the Baroque period
Scordatura tuning was mainly popular in the Baroque period from 1600-1750. Composers such as Heinrich Biber often used it. He composed a group of sonatas for violin and accompaniment called the "Rosary Sonatas". In each sonata the violin is tuned in a different way. In Sonata XI (called Resurrection) he even asks the violinist to make the two middle strings cross over between the bridge and the tailpiece so that the violin is tuned to two Gs and two Ds.
Scordatura in the Classical Period
In the classical period a famous example of scordatura is Mozart's, "Sinfonia Concertante" for Violin, Viola and Orchestra in which he asks the viola to tune all four strings a semitone higher than usual. This makes it sound louder and brighter so that it matches the brightness of the violin, especially as the violin is playing with normal tuning in the key of E flat, which sounds a soft key (because the key of Eflat hardly uses any "open" strings).
Later examples
In the late 19th century and 20th century there are examples of composers using scordatura. In his Fourth Symphony Mahler asks the violin soloist (the leader of the orchestra) to play on a violin tuned to Gsharp-D-A-Eflat. The music is describing a poor beggar playing a violin. The violin soloist needs a second instrument for this, so that he can swap quickly back to a normal violin.
Saint-Saens asks the solo violin in Danse Macabre to tune the E string to Eflat to make it sound like the devil.
Zoltan Kodaly wrote a sonata in B minor for solo cello, for which the cellist has to tune down the two lower strings to F# and B instead of G and C. This helps to make a very dark, rich sound when playing B minor chords.
Musical performance techniques
Guido Messina

Guido Messina (4 January 1931 - 10 January 2020) was an Italian road and track cyclist. He won a gold medal with the Italian team at the 1952 Olympics. Between 1954 and 1963 he rode professionally and won the first stage of the 1955 Giro d'Italia. He was born in Monreale, Italy.
Messina died on 10 January 2020 in Torino, Italy at the age of 89.
References
Other websites
1931 births
2020 deaths
Italian cyclists
Italian Olympic gold medalists
Chuncheon

Chuncheon is the capital city of Gangwon Province in South Korea. The city is in a small flat area surrounded by mountains. The Soyang River is around the city. It is the water source of the Han River. Because of this river, Chuncheon has lots of foggy days. Chuncheon is a popular tourist attraction among Korean and East Asian tourist thanks to the popular Korean drama Winter Sonata.
Tourism
Gang chon is a popular tourist attraction especially for university students in Korea because it is near Seoul, the capital city of South Korea. It has good accommodation and entertainment facilities.
Chungpyeongsa is a temple which was built in Goryeo Dynasty. Because it is located in a beautiful mountain, many people go there to enjoy the beautiful scenery and valleys with their family.
Namiseom is a popular tourist island which became famous as a filming location of Winter Sonata. It has a beautiful forest trail so that many couples and family who visit Chuncheon stop by there a lot. People can rent bikes or ride a short rail to look around the island.
Food
The city has several famous foods. One of them is 'dak galbi'. 'Dak galbi' is a stir-fried chicken with sliced cabbage, sweet potatoes, rice cakes, sesame leaves and picy 'go chujang' sauce. It is usually cooked on a big iron pan on the center of the table. There is even a 'dak galbi' street which has many famous 'dak galbi' restaurants in the downtown of the city. Another famous food is 'makguksu.' 'Makguksu' is thin buckwheat noodles served in a cold beef broth with sesame seeds, sliced beef, cucumber, and spicy sauce.
Transportation
Chuncheon has a train transportation named Gyeonchun Line. With this track, it takes about one hour and twenty minutes from Chuncheon station to Yongsan station in Seoul. Also, it has subway transportation to Seoul. It takes about one hour and forty minutes from Chuncheon station to Sangbong station in Seoul. People can take either train or subway in Chuncheon station and Namchuncheon station. It has bus transportation too. Near Namchuncheon station, there is Chuncheon Bus Terminal. This connects to all major cities in mainland Korea.
Cities in South Korea
Bowdoinham, Maine

Bowdoinham is a town in Sagadahoc County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Lauren Boebert

Lauren Opal Boebert (born December 15, 1986) is an American politician, businesswoman, and gun-rights activist. She is a member of the United States House of Representatives for since 2021.
Boebert has said things before that are thought to show belief in QAnon. This is a widely discredited theory. She said later that she was "not a follower" of QAnon.
References
1986 births
Living people
United States representatives from Colorado
American political activists
Businesspeople from Colorado
Businesspeople from Florida
Politicians from Florida
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Cessières

Cessieres is a former commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Cessieres-Suzy.
References
Former communes in Aisne
Woerden

Woerden is a municipality in the Dutch province of Utrecht, and a former municipality of South Holland. In 2019, 52,197 people lived there.
Cities in the Netherlands
Settlements in Utrecht (province)
Municipalities of Utrecht (province)
Former municipalities of South Holland
Pope Telesphorus

Pope Telesphorus was the seventh Pope of the Catholic Church, the official title is Bishop of Rome from approximately 125-136 C.E.
This Pope was born in Calabria to Greek parents and there is a parish church dedicated to him today.
Earlier in his life he worked with the hermits of Mount Carmel in Palestine and is still remembered in the Carmelite Order of Monks. He is credited with the custom of the Midnight Mass, celebrated at Christmas and for the period of reflection during the season of Lent but this is disputed. He celebrated Easter on Sundays whereas many early Catholics were observing the Jewish custom and celebrating it on Passover.
His martydom under the Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius can be confirmed. He was made a Saint by the Catholic Church. His feast days are celebrated on January 5, February 3 and 22.
Reference
Linus
Year of death unknown
Year of birth unknown
Colleville-Montgomery

Colleville-Montgomery is a commune. It is in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Other websites
Communes in Calvados
Linköping Cathedral

Linkoping Cathedral () is a cathedral in the town of Linkoping in Sweden. It belongs to the Linkoping Cathedral Parish of the Church of Sweden. The church building serves the Diocese of Linkoping. it was opened in the 12th century.
Other websites
Church of Sweden cathedrals
Linkoping
12th-century buildings and structures
Hebden Bridge

Hebden Bridge is a town on the A646 road in West Yorkshire, England.
Towns in West Yorkshire
Seymour Cassel

Seymour Joseph Cassel (January 22, 1935 - April 7, 2019) was an American actor. He was known for his role as Sam Catchem in Dick Tracy and as Esteban in The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou.
Cassel died of complications from Alzheimer's disease in Los Angeles on April 7, 2019 at the age of 84.
References
Other websites
1935 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Detroit
Senate of Kazakhstan

The Senate of Kazakhastan (, Qazaqstan Parlamentinin Senaty) is the upper house of two chambers in Kazakhstan's legislature, known as the Parliament (Parlamenti). The Senate is made of elected members two from each region, the city of republican importance (Almaty) and the capital city of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Fifteen members are appointed by the President of Kazakhstan with the view to ensure representation for all the diverse national, cultural components of society.
The term of office for the members of the Senate is 6 years.
References
1996 establishments in Kazakhstan
Government of Kazakhstan
Gaelic Athletic Association

The Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Luthchleas Gael) is an organisation which is mostly focused on promoting Gaelic Games - traditional Irish sports, such as hurling, camogie, Gaelic football, handball, and rounders. The organisation also promotes Irish music and dance, and the Irish language. It is the largest and most popular organisation in Ireland with some 800,000 members out of the island's population of almost 6 million.
Gaelic football and Hurling are the main and most popular activities promoted by the organisation.
Gaelic football is a contact sport that combines the skills of soccer, basketball, and some of the skills of volleyball in a high-scoring game in which players punch or kick the ball over the crossbar for one point, or kick the ball into a net on the bottom for three points. The game also has similarities with Australian Rules Football (see below).
Hurling is a stick-and-ball game that combines many of the skills of field hockey, lacrosse, and baseball but pre-dates all three. Players can catch the ball and use a hurley (Irish: caman) to hit a ball (sliotar) between the goalposts using the same scoring system as in Gaelic football and on the same size of field. It is not to be confused with the Scottish game of shinty.
Bibliography
The GAA: A History by Marcus de Burca, Gill & MacMillan, 1984 & 2000,
Illustrated History of the GAA, by Eoghan Corry, Gill & MacMillan, 2005,
The GAA Book of Lists, by Eoghan Corry, Hodder Headline, 2005,
The Gaelic Athletic Association And Irish Nationalist Politics 1884-1924 by W F Mandle (Gill & MacMillan and Christopher Helm 1987). 240pp
Michael Cusack and The GAA by Marcus De Burca, Anvil, 1989, 192pp,
Micheal Ciosog by Liam P O Cathnia, Clochomhar Tta, 1982.
Croke Of Cashel by Mark Tierney, Gill And MacMillan, 1976.
Maurice Davin (1842-1927) First President Of The GAA by Seamus O'Riain, Geography Publications, 1994,
Croke Park by Tim Carey, Collins Press, 2004,
God and the Referee: Unforgettable GAA Quotations, by Eoghan Corry, Hodder Headline, 2005,
History of Hurling, by Seamus King, Gill & MacMillan, 2005,
Sceal Na hIomana by Liam P O Cathnia, Clochomhar Tta, 1980.
Caman, 2000 Years Of Irish Hurling by Art O Maolfabhail, 1973.
Gaelic football, by Jack Mahon, Gill & MacMillan, 2002 & 2006,
Bairi Cos In Eirinn by Liam P O Cathnia, Clochomhar Tta, 1984.
Legends of the Ash, by Brendan Fullam, Wolfhound Press, 1998,
References
Other websites
GAA official website
Rules and Regulations Part 1
Rules and Regulations Part 2
An Fear Rua: The GAA Unplugged! - analysis, discussion forums, satire and humour on GAA topics.
Hogan Stand
National GAA Results and Fixtures on Aertel
Local GAA Results and Fixtures on Aertel
GAA World by The Irish News
Index of GAA club sites
Squareball - The First GAA Fashion Brand
GAA News Results and Fixtures from Sports.ie
GAA Results
Hurling Blog - News, analysis, stats and opinion on hurling
Michael Cusack Visitor Centre
Sport in Ireland
Personico

Personico is a municipality of the district Leventina in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Ticino
Ionuț Popa

Ionut Popa (17 April 1953 - 25 June 2020) was a Romanian professional footballer and manager. Popa managed teams such as UTA Arad, Bihor Oradea, Politehnica Iasi and ACS Poli Timisoara. Popa was born in Savarsin, Romania.
Popa died on 25 June 2020 in Arad, Romania at the age of 67.
References
1953 births
2020 deaths
Romanian footballers
Romanian football managers
Pierre van Hooijdonk

Pierre van Hooijdonk (born 29 November 1969) is a former Dutch football player. He has played for Netherlands national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1989/90||rowspan="2"|Roosendaal||rowspan="2"|Eerste Divisie||32||6||||||||||||||32||6
|-
|1990/91||37||27||||||||||||||37||27
|-
|1991/92||rowspan="4"|NAC Breda||rowspan="2"|Eerste Divisie||35||20||||||||||||||35||20
|-
|1992/93||33||26||||||||||||||33||26
|-
|1993/94||rowspan="2"|Eredivisie||31||25||||||||||||||31||25
|-
|1994/95||16||10||||||||||||||16||10
|-
|1994/95||rowspan="3"|Celtic||rowspan="3"|Premier Division||14||4||||||0||0||colspan="2"|-||14||4
|-
|1995/96||34||26||4||4||3||2||colspan="2"|-||41||32
|-
|1996/97||21||14||2||1||2||1||4||0||29||16
|-
|1996/97||rowspan="3"|Nottingham Forest||Premier League||8||1||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||8||1
|-
|1997/98||First Division||42||29||1||1||4||4||colspan="2"|-||47||34
|-
|1998/99||Premier League||21||6||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||22||6
|-
|1999/00||Vitesse||Eredivisie||29||25||3||1||colspan="2"|-||4||2||36||28
|-
|2000/01||Benfica||Portuguese Liga||30||19||||||colspan="2"|-||2||2||32||21
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="2"|Feyenoord Rotterdam||rowspan="2"|Eredivisie||33||24||1||0||colspan="2"|-||12||9||46||33
|-
|2002/03||28||28||0||0||colspan="2"|-||5||1||33||29
|-
|2003/04||rowspan="2"|Fenerbahce||rowspan="2"|Super Lig||34||24||3||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||37||25
|-
|2004/05||19||8||2||1||colspan="2"|-||5||1||26||10
|-
|2005/06||NAC Breda||Eredivisie||17||5||3||3||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||20||8
|-
|2005/06||rowspan="2"|Feyenoord Rotterdam||rowspan="2"|Eredivisie||11||3||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0||11||3
|-
|2006/07||26||5||2||0||colspan="2"|-||4||0||32||5
328||204||9||4||colspan="2"|-||25||12||362||220
69||44||6||5||5||3||4||0||84||52
71||36||1||1||5||4||colspan="2"|-||77||41
30||19||||||colspan="2"|-||2||2||32||21
53||32||5||2||colspan="2"|-||5||1||63||35
551||335||21||12||10||7||36||15||618||369
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1994||1||0
|-
|1995||1||0
|-
|1996||2||2
|-
|1997||5||2
|-
|1998||6||2
|-
|1999||2||1
|-
|2000||3||0
|-
|2001||8||3
|-
|2002||1||0
|-
|2003||5||1
|-
|2004||12||3
|-
!Total||46||14
|}
References
1969 births
Living people
Footballers from North Brabant
Longeville-sur-Mer

Longeville-sur-Mer is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France.
References
Communes in Vendee
Concerto grosso

A Concerto Grosso is a piece of music from the 18th century in which there are a small group of instruments and a large group of instruments. These two groups are contrasted with one another. Sometimes both play together, sometimes one plays by itself, or the two groups might imitate one another. The small group is called "concertino" and the large group is called "tutti", "ripieno" or "concerto grosso" (the same name as the musical piece). "Concerto grosso" is Italian for "big concerto". The plural is "concerti grossi". Notice that the second "c" in "concerto" is pronounced like an English "ch".
A concerto grosso has several parts that differ in speed and character. There are usually three movements; the first is fast, the second is slow, and the last is fast. The first movement contrasts the tutti and the soloists, the second movement is quiet, while the last movement is lively.
The composer who made the concerto grosso very popular was the Italian Arcangelo Corelli (1653-1713). The instruments in the small group of soloists in his concerti grossi were usually two violins and one cello. George Frideric Handel (1685-1759) also used that combination for his concerti grossi.
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) wrote a set of six concertos known as the Brandenburg Concertos. Each of the Brandenburg Concertos is for a different combination of instruments. Most of them are concerti grossi. The second one, for example, has a concertino group of four instruments: trumpet, violin, recorder and oboe.
After the Baroque period, few composers wrote concerti grossi. They were more interested in the solo concerto. However, in the 20th century, some composers, including Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) and Bela Bartok (1881-1945), wrote pieces of music that are like concerti grossi.
Related pages
Concerto
Musical forms
Watsonville, California

Watsonville is a city in Santa Cruz County, California, United States, along the Pajaro River. The population was 52,590 according to the 2020 census.
References
Cities in California
Settlements in Santa Cruz County, California
Libby Holman

Elizabeth Lloyd "Libby" Holman (nee Holzman; May 23, 1904 - June 18, 1971) was an American stage actress and singer. She also acted in a few movies. She was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. On June 18, 1971 near Stamford, Connecticut, Holman committed suicide using carbon monoxide. Holman was 67 when she died.
American stage actors
American movie actors
American musical theatre actors
Actors from Cincinnati
Suicides by gas
1904 births
1971 deaths
Auressio

Auressio is a village and former municipality of the district of Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.
In 2001 the municipality was merged with the other, neighboring municipalities Berzona and Loco to form a new and larger municipality Isorno.
References
Villages in Ticino
Former municipalities of Ticino
Belgian Revolution

The Belgian Revolution was the secession of the Southern provinces from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. It made an independent Kingdom of Belgium.
The people of the southern part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands were mostly Roman Catholic and the elite was French-speaking. They did not like the Protestant King William I's rule, or that he had revoked certain special privileges granted to the Catholic Church.
On August 25, 1830 riots started in Brussels and shops were looted. There was an opera playing about liberty of the fatherland, and the theater-goers joined the rioters. The King sent troops to stop the riots.
A battle took place in Brussels. The French came to support the breakaway province of Belgium. Belgium won the battle and became an independent country. Leopold I was made "King of the Belgians" in 1831. It took until 1839 for the Dutch to say Belgium was independent. They signed the Treaty of London.
19th century in Belgium
Revolutions
Wars involving Belgium
Wars involving France
Wars involving the Netherlands
Wars of independence
1830
1831
19th-century conflicts
Baron

Baron is a title of honour in many European peerage systems. It is often a hereditary title that ranks as the one of the lower titles in a peerage. In the UK peerage system, the five peerage titles from highest to lowest are duke, marquess, earl, viscount and baron. Baronets and knights are not members of the peerage although a baron may also be a knight. In the feudalism of medieval England a baron was a tenant-in-chief who held his lands directly from the king. During the 13th century barons were summoned by royal writ to attend Parliament.
The word baron comes from Old French baron, itself from Frankish baro meaning "freeman, warrior". It later merged with Old English beorn meaning "nobleman." The lands of a baron are called a barony. The female title for a baron is baroness. The form of address for a baron is "Lord" and for a baroness "Lady".
List of English and Irish Barons
References
Nobility
Peerages
Rensselaer, New York

Rensselaer is a city in Rensselaer County, New York, United States. As of 2010, 9,392 people live in Rensselaer.
Cities in New York (state)
Suhl

Suhl is a town in Thuringia, Germany. Its population in 2003 was 43,610.
According to a local joke, "Suhl is so close to the edge of the world you can see Zella-Mehlis".
References
Other websites
Urban Districts of Thuringia
Waltham Cross

Waltham Cross is a town in southeast Hertfordshire just north of London. It is named after a cross in the town centre dating from 1294, put there by King Edward I of England.
Towns in Hertfordshire
Posidoniaceae

Posidoniaceae is a family of flowering plants. The APG II system classification accept this genus as constituting the sole genus which it places in the order Alismatales, in the clade monocots.
Alismatales
Plant families
Ghent Altarpiece

The Ghent Altarpiece or Adoration of the Mystic Lamb ( or The Lamb of God; completed 1432) is a very large and complex Early Flemish polyptych panel painting. It is one of Belgium's masterpieces and one of the world's treasures.
It was once in the Joost Vijdt chapel at Saint Bavo Cathedral, Ghent, Belgium. Later it was moved to the chapel of the cathedral. It was commissioned by the rich merchant and financier Joost Vijdt for his and his wife's private chapel. It was begun by Hubert van Eyck, who died in 1426 while work was underway. It was completed by his younger brother Jan van Eyck.
The altarpiece has a total of 24 framed panels. They make up two views, open and closed. The upper row of the opened view shows Christ the King between the Virgin Mary and John the Baptist. The insides of the wings show angels singing and making music. On the outside is Adam and Eve. The lower row of the central panel shows the adoration of the Lamb of God. Several groups are in attendance and streaming in to worship, overseen by the dove who is the Holy Spirit. On weekdays the wings were closed. This showed the Annunciation of Mary and donor portraits of Joost Vijdt and his wife Lysbette Borluut.
There used to be writing on the frame saying that Hubert van Eyck "greater than anyone" started the altarpiece, but that Jan van Eyck - calling himself "second best in the art" - finished it in 1432. The original, very ornate carved outer frame and surround was destroyed during the Reformation. There has been speculation that it may have had clockwork mechanisms for moving the shutters and even playing music.
The original lower left panel known as The Just Judges was stolen in 1934. The original panel has never been found. It was replaced by a copy made in 1945 by Jef Vanderveken. The stolen panel plays a big part in Albert Camus' novel La chute. In 2010 Dutch journalist Karl Hammer published "The secret of the sacred panel". He describes the involvement of various religious groups, the Vatican and British intelligence services in their attempt to get back the lost panel.
When opened, the altarpiece measures .
References
*
Other websites
Belgian culture
Paintings with Christian themes
Gothic architecture
15th-century paintings
Ghent
Depictions of Mary, mother of Jesus
Asnières-sur-Oise

Asnieres-sur-Oise is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France. The 13th-18th century Royaumont Abbey is in the commune.
Twin towns
Cutigliano, Italy
References
Communes in Val-d'Oise
Clearing bank

A clearing bank is one which moves money between accounts, and issues money to customers. At one time this meant taking in and giving out actual money. Now it means any kind of financial transaction.
In banking and finance, clearing means all activities from the time a commitment is made for a transaction until it is settled. This process turns the promise of payment (for example, in the form of a cheque or electronic payment request) into the actual movement of money from one account to another.
In the UK they are officially called a Cheque and Credit Clearing Company. In the United States the Federal Reserve performs an intermediary role, clearing and settling international bank payments.
Finance
Banks
Macaye

Macaye is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Macaye
Outlaw biker movie

Outlaw biker movie is a movie genre. Such movies are about motorcycle riding rebels. The characters are typically members of an outlaw motorcycle club. The first such movie was The Wild One (1954). Marlon Brando and Lee Marvin starred in this movie as rival biker gang leaders. Harvey Lembeck parodied Brando in the AIP "beach party" movies of the early 1960s starring Annette Funicello and Frankie Avalon.
Biker movies were aimed at teenage audiences and the drive-in crowd. The genre took off in the 1960s when the real world Hells Angels received much media attention. Hollywood cranked out dozens of low-budget exploitation outlaw biker movies during this decade. Novelty movies of the genre featured all-female gangs, horror and zombie crossovers, and one featured a gay gang. The biker outlaw genre played itself out in the 1970s.
Movie genres
João Figueiredo

Joao Baptista de Oliveira Figueiredo (; January 15, 1928 - December 24, 1999) was a Brazilian military leader and politician. He was the 30th President of Brazil from 1979 to 1985.
He was the last of the military regime that ruled the country following the 1964 coup d'etat.
References
1918 births
1999 deaths
Presidents of Brazil
Politicians from Rio de Janeiro
Edmunds County, South Dakota

Edmunds County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, 3,986 people lived there. Its county seat is Ipswich. It was created in 1873.
References
1873 establishments in Dakota Territory
South Dakota counties
Calimesa, California

Calimesa is a city in Riverside County, California, United States.
References
Cities in California
Settlements in Riverside County, California
Deshret

Deshret was the name for the Red Crown of Lower Egypt. When joined with the Hedjet, the White Crown of Upper Egypt, it forms the Pschent. This double crown was called the sekhemti in ancient Egyptian. Deshret was also the name for the desert Red Land on either side of the Nile river.
The Red Crown in Egyptian language hieroglyphs became the vertical letter "n" . The old "n" hieroglyph from the Predynastic Period, and the Old Kingdom was a sign showing ripples in water.
Significance
In mythology, the earth god Geb, the first ruler of Egypt, gave Horus the power to rule over Lower Egypt. The Egyptian pharaohs, who saw themselves as successors of Horus, wore the deshret to show their authority over Lower Egypt. Other gods wore the deshret too, such as the protective serpent goddess Wadjet and the creator-goddess of Sais, Neith, who often is shown wearing the Red Crown.
The Red Crown would later be joined with the White Crown of Upper Egypt to form the Double Crown. This was a symbol to show their rule over the whole country, which they called "The Two Lands".
The Red Land, the deserts and foreign lands around Egypt, was ruled by Seth. The Egyptians saw it as a dangerous confusing place, without laws or any order.
Records of the Red Crown
None of the red crowns have survived. It is not known how the crown was made or what materials were used. It could have been made from copper, reeds, cloth, or even leather.
The Red Crown is often shown in texts, wall carvings and statues. An early example shows a victorious pharaoh wearing the deshret on the Narmer Palette. A text from the reign of Djer records a royal visit to the shrine of the Deshret which may have been at Buto in the Nile delta.
No crown has ever been found buried with any of the pharaohs, even in tombs that have not been robbed. This suggests that the deshret was passed from one king to the next, much as in present-day monarchies.
Deshret (vertical letter N) in hieroglyphic writing
References
Related pages
Hedjet - White Crown of Upper Egypt
Pschent - Double Crown of Lower and Upper Egypt
Ancient Egypt
East Malaysia

East Malaysia or Malaysian Borneo, is a term used to refer to the Malaysian section of Borneo. One of Southeast Asia's major islands. Major provinces in the region are the Malaysian provinces of Sabah and Sarawak. It is located north of Indonesian Borneo or "Kalimantan", and southwest of the Philippines. Also, the tiny country of Brunei is nearly landlocked by Malaysia.
References
Geography of Malaysia
Eschbach, Washington

Eschbach is a census-designated place (CDP) in the state of Washington.
Census-designated places in Washington (state)
Yakima County, Washington
2002 AFC U-19 Women's Championship

2002 AFC U-19 Women's Championship was held in India from 19 to 28 April.
Results
Group stage
Group A
Group B
Group C
Knockout stage
References
AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup
2002 in association football
2002 in Asia
2000s in India
Football in India
Raymond Scott

Raymond Scott (born Harry Warnow; September 10, 1908 - February 8, 1994) is an American composer, band leader, pianist, record producer, and inventor of electronic instruments.
Early life and career
Scott was born in Brooklyn, New York to Russian Jewish immigrants, Joseph and Sarah Warnow.
Death
On February 8, 1994, Scott died of pneumonia in North Hills, Los Angeles, California.
References
Other websites
1908 births
1994 deaths
20th-century American composers
American electronic musicians
American jazz composers
American movie score composers
Jewish American musicians
Musicians from Brooklyn
Television personalities from New York City
Richie Stringini

Christopher Richard Stringini (known as "Richie Stringini") is an American actor, dancer and singer. He was born on November 28, 1988 in Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Early Life
Richie Stringini was adopted at the age of four to Kathleen and Robert Stringini, from Wheaton, Illinois, USA. Richie Stringini has a brother named Bobby. he studied at Acacia Academy located in LaGrange, Illinois. Richie Stringini started acting and modeling professionally at the age of four. then Richie Stringini acted in a movie titled Rule Number One (2005). Before auditioning in Florida for the reality television show Big In America (BIA).
US5
Known as "Richie" in the pop boy band US5. A group that was developed by Lou Pearlman through a German reality TV show, Big in America. He is an original member of US5, which enjoys great success in Europe.
After US5
After a few years of silence, Richie began a solo career. His debut single was "Man Down."
References
1988 births
Singers from Illinois
Living people
People from La Grange, Illinois
Diamond Jubilee

A diamond jubilee is a celebration of a 60th anniversary for a person. When for a group, it is used for the 75th anniversary.
Parties
Time
Widescreen

Widescreen is a video format with a greater aspect ratio than 4:3. Widescreens have long been used in some movies. In the early 21st century it also became very popular for television and other things like Computer monitors.
Widescreen is often used as a nickname for the 16:9 aspect ratio of television screens. This means that if the television screen was sixteen inches wide it would have to be nine inches tall. Most 20th century television screens were 4:3 which means if it was four inches wide it would have to be three inches tall. A widescreen could be any size with the same ratio. For example, a screen could be 32 feet wide and 18 feet tall and still be considered widescreen.
Display technology