pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Urbanization

Urbanization (or urbanization) is a term from geography. The base of the word is the Latin urbs, which means city. The term urbanization refers to the process of a rural area turning into an urban area. This can happen in two different ways:
Through the growth of cities; called physical urbanization
Through the change of behavior of people living in rural areas; called functional urbanization
Physical urbanization has been observed for centuries. In developing countries this is the main form of urbanization. In developed countries, functional urbanization is the main form of urbanization. With functional urbanization, people living in the city center move to the countryside, next to the city; this is known as suburbanization.
Environmental effects
Environmental scientists are studying the urban heat island. The urban heat island is made when industrial and urban areas are developed and heat becomes plentiful.
Environmental impacts also include reducing soil moisture and intensification of carbon dioxide emissions.
Stewart Brand's book Whole Earth Discipline argues that urbanization helps the environment overall. First, the birth rate of new urban dwellers falls immediately to replacement rate, and keeps falling. This can prevent overpopulation in the future. Secondly, it puts a stop to destructive subsistence farming methods, like slash and burn agriculture. Finally, it reduces land use by humans, leaving more for nature.
References
Urban geography
Migration
Leila Ismailova

Leila Ryzvanauna Ismailova (, ; born 28 July 1991 in Minsk) is an Azerbaijani-Belarusian journalist, presenter and model.
Biography
Leila was born in the family of Rizvan Islam oglu Ismayilov, the native city of Agdam (Azerbaijan), and Halina Ivanauna Ruzhantsova, the native city of Minsk. One month after the birth of her daughter, the family moved to Baku.
When Leila was 3 years old, her father, who worked as director of a tank farm in Agdam, who was killed during the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict by gunfire from the Armenian side. A mother with three children returned to Minsk.
In 2006 Leila finished Lyceum of the Belarusian State University (history form), then she graduated from the Institute of Journalism of the Belarusian State University (audiovisual journalism, diploma with honour, the best alumna 2011).
She is an Azerbaijani-Belarusian journalist leading music TV programs, model. In particular, was host the Junior Eurovision Song Contest in 2010, which was held in Minsk (together with Dzianis Kurian), Leila was the spokesman of the Belarusian voting in the Eurovision Song Contest 2011, and has been leading the national selection in Belarus for Eurovision Song Contest 2012.
Leila founded charity organisation Pretty Powerful that works with orphan girls in Belarus and helps them to make first steps after leaving the orphanage. The organisation started its work in 2014 and has been actively working since then.
Ms. Ismailova is obtaining her master's degree in Strategic Public Relation in University of Southern California.
Leila has been a host and a jury member of international award for journalists ADAMI Media Prize.
References
Other websites
Gramchakova, V. Leila Ismailava: "Maia naminatsyia!" // Universitet. 2009. No. 15 -- 16. (Belarusian)
Caroline Monick Silk Scarves Collection 2013 (Leila Ismailava as model.)
https://prettypowerful743238993.wordpress.com/about/
https://www.adamimediaprize.eu
1989 births
People from Minsk
Living people
Models
Journalists
Azerbaijani television presenters
Belarusian writers
2023 Odisha train collision

A train crash took place on 2 June 2023 when 10-12 coaches of the Shalimar-Chennai Coromandel Express and 3-4 coaches of another train from Yeswanthpur to Howrah derailed near Balasore in Balasore district in Odisha, India.
On 4 June, railway minister Ashwini Vaishnaw said that the root cause of the train collision had been identified. First findings show that an electronic signal that didn't work as it should might have caused the accident, or contributed to it.
Reactions
Prime minister Narendra Modi tweeted condolences to the families and also spoke about this with railway minister Ashwini Vaishnav.
References
2023 disasters in Asia
2020s disasters in India
June 2023 events
2023 train collision
Railway accidents in India
Motoori Norinaga

Motoori Norinaga (; 21 June 1730 - 5 November 1801) was a Japanese scholar and poet during the Edo period. Norinaga's most important works include the Kojiki-den (Commentaries on the Kojiki), created more than 35 years ago, and his comments on the Tale of Genji.
Motoori was born in what is now Matsusaka in Ise Province (now part of Mie Prefecture). At the age of 22, Motoori went to Kyoto to study medicine. Although best known as a Kokugaku scholar, Norinaga worked as a doctor for 40 years in Matsusaka.
He was the first to use the term Mono no aware, which is now an important concept in Japanese culture.
1730 births
1801 deaths
Japanese poets
Mie Prefecture
Nigel Lawson

Nigel Lawson, Baron Lawson of Blaby PC (11 March 1932 - 3
April 2023) was a British Conservative politician. He was born in Hampstead, London, and was of Jewish descent.
He was educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford, where he got a degree in Philosophy, Politics and Economics. He was a journalist during the 1960s. Lawson was a Member of Parliament from 1974-1992. He was Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1983-1989. Lawson was made a life peer in 1992.
Lawson had six children. They are: Dominic (a journalist), Thomasina (who died of breast cancer), Nigella (a food writer), Horatia, Tom and Emily.
Lawson died on 3 April 2023, three weeks after his 91st birthday.
References
Other websites
1932 births
2023 deaths
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Chancellors of the Exchequer
English Barons
English journalists
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
Jewish British politicians
Jewish British writers
People from Hampstead
Politicians from London
UK MPs 1974
UK MPs 1974-1979
UK MPs 1979-1983
UK MPs 1983-1987
UK MPs 1987-1992
Trumpet Concerto (Arutiunian)

Arutunian Trumpet Concerto is Armenian composer Alexander Arutunian's sixth major composition. It was written for the Soviet trumpet player Timofei Dokschitzer, who moved to the USA and represented the concerto there. According to J. Sundram, "it is an energetic powerhouse of Eastern European lyricism and harmonic textures". According to Philip Smith, the principal trumpet of the New York Philharmonic, Arutunian's Trumpet Concerto is too much popular among the trumpet players.
Movements
Arutiunian's Trumpet Concerto consists of the following movements:
Andante--Allegro energico
Meno mosso
Tempo I
Discography
Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. Bernar Sustro, trumpet. Philharmonic Orchestra "Des Pays de la Loire". Conductor: Mark Sustro. PierreVerani. PV. 78801. France, 1987
Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. Timofey Dokshitser. The Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra. Conductor: Gennady Rozhdestvensky. TD - 950101- AT 2000. Bulgaria
Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. Jucko Kharyane, trumpet. Symphony orchestra "Kuopio".
Conductor: Pekka Savidtsuki. Finland
Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. (Cadence by A. Sandoval). Arturo Sandoval, trumpet.
The London Symphony orchestra. Conductor: Luis Has. RCA Victor 09026-62661-2. USA, 1994
Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. (Arrangement for trumpet and wind orchestra by Roger Harvey). James Watson, trumpet. "The Black Dyke Mills" Orchestra. Conductor: Roger Harvey. Doy CD 036. USA, 1994
Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. Bebe Black, trumpet. The Moscow Chamber Orchestra.
Conductor: Konstantin Orbelyan, Jr. CHAN 9668 England, 2000
Concerto of trumpet and orchestra. Harry Lidsle, trumpet. The Oulu Symphony orchestra.
Conductor: Atso Almila. Mils 9651 Finland, 1996
LP
Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. Timofey Dokshitser, trumpet. The Orchestra of the Bolshoy Theatre. Conductor: Gennady Rojdestvenskiy. "Melodia"-Veb Deutsche Schall-platten, Berlin, DDR
S. VI-02273
Concert for trumpet with orchestra. Same performance. "Melodia", Angel, SR-1-40149
Concert for trumpet with orchestra. Same performance. "Melodia", C10-06785
Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. Performer: Vatslav Yunek. Prague Symphony orchestra De l'Office de Radiodifffusion Television Francaise. Conductor: Moris Suzan. STU 70714 A, France .
Concert for trumpet with orchestra. Same performance. STU 70915 B, France
Concert for trumpet with orchestra. Same performance. Victor (vic-2015), Japan
Concerto for trumpet and orchestra. S. Leonchik, trumpet. The Bolshoy Theatre Orchestra. Conductor: Boris Haykin. "Melodia", 33D-015506
Other websites
Arutunian Trumpet Concerto at YouTube
Comparison between J. Haydn Trumpet Concerto in Eb and A. Arutiunian Trumpet Concerto in Ab
Arutunian Trumpet Concerto at YouTube
References
Concertos
Vibraslap

The vibraslap is a percussion instrument. It is a modern version of the jawbone. Due to the fragile nature of the jawbone, the vibra-slap was created to provide a stronger alternative with a similar sound. It has been used mainly in popular music. Several rock bands have used this sound for the last decades of the 20th century and into the 21st century. It is also popular in Latin music.
The vibraslap is made of a cowbell-shaped hollow box (acting as a resonator) and a wooden ball connected by a steel rod. The steel rod is bent in an "L" shape that allows the performer to hold the rod in one hand and strike the ball with the palm of their other hand. The steel rod acts as a sort of spring that vibrates the box on the other end. The box acts as a resonating body for a metal mechanism placed inside with a number of loosely fastened pins or rivets that vibrate and rattle against the box, much like the teeth of the jawbone. The vibraslap is produced in a number of sizes using different materials such as wood, metal or composite materials.
The Vibra-Slap was the first patent granted to the instrument manufacturing company Latin Percussion.
The Vibra-Slap's inventor was Martin Cohen. It is sometimes sold as a "Donkey Call" or "Rattleslap".
Percussion instruments
Complexity (mathematics)

The theory of complexity classify problems based on how difficult they are to solve. Complexity in mathematics means the level of madurity and time needed to arrive to a correct solution.
A way to assign the complexity of a problem is to see if the number of steps needed to solve it is bounded by some power of the problem's size. See P versus NP.
References
Mathematics
Jade Goody

Jade Goody (5 June 1981 - 22 March 2009) was a British television personality.
She became famous when she was in the third series of the reality television show Big Brother in 2002. She had been a dental nurse before she went into the Big Brother house.
Goody starred in fitness DVDs, got somebody to write a book about her, had her own beauty salon and line of perfume.
Goody was a housemate once again in Celebrity Big Brother 2007. While in the show, there was a lot of controversy because people said that she was racist towards Shilpa Shetty.
She had two sons by Jeff Brazier. She married Jack Tweed on 22 February 2009 and died from metastatic cervical cancer a month later (on the 22 of March). She was 27 years old.
References
1981 births
2009 deaths
Cancer deaths in England
Celebrity Big Brother contestants
Deaths from cervical cancer
English television personalities
British nurses
People from the London Borough of Southwark
Reality television participants
Television personalities from London
Wife

A wife is a married woman. "Married" means that the law says two people are legally "joined". During the marriage ceremony, the wife is called the bride.
In countries and times it has been different how many wives a man can have legally. In old times there were no limitations in some countries. In Christianity and Judaism a husband (a married man) can have one wife (monogamy). In Islam a husband can have up to four wives (polygamy).
There are some names for special kinds of wives. For example,
a queen is a wife of a king.
A man whose wife is deceased is called a widower.
Related pages
Marriage
Husband
Homemaker
Divorce
Family
Marriage
Residential institution

A residential institution is a home for people who can't live by themselves or in an ordinary roommate situation due to severe disability, age (below the age of majority if parents or guardians aren't present) because they committed a crime and thus must be put in prison, extreme poverty etc.
Examples
Examples of residential institutions include
psychiatric hospitals
prisons
poorhouses and workhouses
college residence halls
military barracks
orphanages
assisted living homes
nursing homes
Social care
Accommodations
Jean-Pierre Jeunet

Jean-Pierre Jeunet (born 3 September 1953 in Roanne, Loire, France) is a French movie director.
Career
Jean-Pierre Jeunet bought his first camera at the age of 17 and made short movies while studying animation at Cinemation Studios. He made friends with Marc Caro. Caro was a designer and comic book artist. Caro worked on many of Jeunet's movies with him.
Together, Jeunet and Caro directed award-winning animations. Their first live-action movie was The Bunker of the Last Gunshots (1981). It was a short movie about soldiers in a futuristic world. Jeunet also directed numerous television advertisements and music videos.
Jeunet and Caro's first full-length movie was Delicatessen (1991). It was a black comedy set in a famine-plagued future. Next came The City of Lost Children (1995). It was a dark fantasy movie with a story about a doctor who kidnaps children in order to steal their dreams.
Because The City of Lost Children was well liked, Jeunet was asked to direct the fourth movie in the Alien series - Alien: Resurrection (1997). Though not well received by critics, Alien: Resurrection turned a profit at the box office.
Jeunet returned to France after making Alien: Resurrection. The fact that he had made a Hollywood movie gave him freedom on his next movie, Amelie. Amelie is lighter and more romantic than his earlier movies. This story was a huge success worldwide. It was nominated for several Academy Awards. For this movie he also got an European Film Award for Best Director.
In 2004, Jeunet released A Very Long Engagement. It is based on the novel by Sebastien Japrisot. The movie is set after World War I. It is about a woman (played by Audrey Tautou) looking for her missing lover.
Filmography
L'Evasion (1978)
Le Manege (1980)
Le Bunker de la derniere rafale (1981)
Pas de repos pour Billy Brakko (1984)
Foutaises (1989)
Delicatessen (1991)
The City of Lost Children (1995)
Alien: Resurrection (1997)
Amelie (2001)
A Very Long Engagement (2004)
References
Other websites
Jean-Pierre Jeunet Official Site
1953 births
Living people
French movie directors
Commedia dell'arte

Commedia dell'arte is a form of improvisational theatre. It began in Italy in the 16th century. The form continued to be popular during the 17th century and is still popular today.
The title is difficult to translate. A close translation is "comedy of craft". This is shortened from commedia dell'arte all'improvviso, or "comedy of improvisation".
The plays of Commedia dell'arte were often performed by a small group of actors who traveled around and performed in town squares. The actors would pass a hat around for people to put money in.
The earliest known group was in Padua in 1545. By the end of the seventeenth century, there were several troupes (group of actors). These included the Gelosi, Confidenti, and Fedeli. Some troupes were popular at courts outside of Italy. In France, images from the commedia became a favorite theme of well-known artists.
The actors often wore masks. The stories were often about people being cunning. Hunger, love and money were important in the stories. There were several characters who appeared in many of the stories. These are called "stock characters". Examples of stock characters from Commedia dell'arte are: Harlequin, Pantalone, Arlecchino, Colombina, Pulcinella, Pierrot, Scaramuccia.
Commedia dell'arte had a lot of influence on theatre plays in many countries. Punch and Judy shows, popular with children in Britain and other countries, are similar to Commedia dell'arte. They also have stock characters: Punch, Judy, the crocodile, the policeman etc.
Theatrical forms
M80 motorway

The M80 is a motorway in Scotland. It goes between Glasgow and Stirling. It also links the M73, M8, and M9 motorways together. The motorway is about long. It first opened in 1974.
Junctions
References
Motorways in Scotland
Longueau

Longueau is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Caprino Alendy

Caprino Alendy (24 October 1952 - 6 November 2020) was a Surinamese politician. He was Chairperson of Brotherhood and Unity in Politics (BEP) from 1987 until 2012. Alendy was Vice Chairperson of the National Assembly between 2005 and 2010. Alendy was born in Benanoe, Sipaliwini.
On 6 November 2020, Alendy died after a short illness at the age of 68.
References
1952 births
2020 deaths
Educators
Surinamese politicians
São Bento Palace

Sao Bento Palace ( "Saint Benedict's Palace") in Lisbon is the seat of the Assembly of the Portuguese Republic, the parliament of the Portuguese Republic.
Buildings and structures in Lisbon
Akinwumi Adesina

Akinwumi "Akin" Adesina is a Nigerian agricultural economist and the President of the African Development Bank. He served as Nigeria's Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development. Before then, he was the Vice President of Policy and Partnerships for the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA).
Education
Adesina attended a village school and holds bachelor's degree in Agricultural Economics with First Class Honors from the University of Ife, Nigeria. He proceeded his studies at Purdue University in Indiana. He obtained his PhD (Agricultural Economics) from Purdue.
References
Nigerian businesspeople
Living people
1960 births
World music

World music is the recognition of music from around the world. This genre of music is increasingly used in popular culture. World music is often included into mainstream music. World music can also be part of exhibitions, performances, and shows that travel the world. World music is typically music that describes its own origin by its well-known sound features.
In Western countries it may describe a set of (music) market products collected from traditional music or folk music which were found in different parts of the world. In sampled world music collections the music is sung or played by people who traditionally live in the area. World music can be anything from a short song to a long Indian raga. Hindi music is a very popular genre in the category of world music - made even more famous by Bollywood movies.
World music artists can provide accompaniment, feature, background, or lead. World music groups have traveled the world. World music mixing and jamming is a popular activity among musicians. Some genres of world music have become known in a music category of their own. For example, reggae has achieved near to world-wide recognition.
Some music contests would considered to be world music in foreign audiences. Eurovision has grown in world popularity since it's beginnings.
Some songs are sung for international use. Each FIFA World Cup has a song. K'Naan sung a popular song called "Wave your flag" for the tourney in South Africa. These attributed songs have a 'world music' appeal.
References
Pedro José de Arteta

Pedro Jose de Arteta y Calisto (1797 - 24 August 1873) was Vice President of Ecuador from 1865 to 1869 and served briefly as President from 6 November 1867 to 20 January 1868. He was the brother of Nicolas Joaquin de Arteta y Calisto, first Archbishop of Quito. He was a Conservative.
Arteta was born in 1787 in Quito, Ecuador. He died from a heart attack in his home in Quito, Ecuador, aged 66.
References
1797 births
1873 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Presidents of Ecuador
Politicians from Quito
Vice presidents of Ecuador
Radcliffe College

Radcliffe College was a women's liberal arts college in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the female college attached to Harvard University. It was also one of the Seven Sisters colleges.
It shared, with Bryn Mawr College, the popular reputation of students being both intellectually and independently minded. Radcliffe gave Radcliffe College diplomas to undergraduates and graduate students for the first 70 or so years of its history.
In 1963 Radcliffe gave joint Harvard-Radcliffe diplomas to undergraduates. A formal "non-merger merger" agreement with Harvard was signed in 1977. Radcliffe was fully integrated with Harvard by 1999. Today, in Harvard University, Radcliffe's former campus is now the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study. The former Radcliffe housing at the Radcliffe Quadrangle is now in the Harvard College housing system. Under the terms of the 1999 agreement, the Radcliffe Yard and the Radcliffe Quadrangle will always keep the "Radcliffe" name.
References
Colleges and universities in Massachusetts
Harvard University
Cambridge, Massachusetts
1999 disestablishments in the United States
Seven Sister Colleges
Musculdy

Musculdy is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Musculdy
Carrier-sense multiple access with collision detection

Carrier sense multiple access with collision detection or CSMA/CD is a protocol (or rule) used by computer ethernet networks. It stops computers from sending information on the same ethernet wire at the same time. With this rule, a computer will check that the wire is not being used before it sends information. This ability to check is called "carrier sense." This rule is used when many computers can use the same connection. This is called "multiple access." If computers do send information at exactly the same time, the computers can tell a mistake has been made and stop sending. This is called "collision detection." When this collision occurs, the computers stop sending information, wait for a random amount of time, and then check before resending the information.
Other websites
Top Bits
Computer networking
Carle Thulka

Carle Thulka, also known as Lake Maurice, is a salt lake in South Australia. It is the largest of many salt lakes in the eastern end of the Great Victoria Desert. It is normally dry, except during and after periods of heavy rainfall. When it is full, the lake covers an area of around . It is part of the geological basin known as the Officer Basin. The smaller Lake Dey Dey is to the north. Since 1985, Carle Thulka is part of the lands belonging to the Maralinga Tjarutja, a southern branch of the Pitjantjatjara. The community of Oak Valley is near the western shore of the lake.
The exposed surface of the lake normally consists of dry clay, silt or sand, covered with a salty crust. The area around Carle Thulka is very dry. Two wells have been drilled to the southeast and northwest of Carle Thulka, to search for uranium and other minerals. Both wells yield very low levels of groundwater. The water contains high levels of salt. It has also been found to contain radium and sediments from the Cambrian era.
History
The lake is named after the explorer Richard Maurice. Maurice went on at least eight expeditions to the Great Victoria Desert between 1897 and 1903. He was not the first European to pass through this region: Ernest Giles and his team had explored the area almost 20 years before. Giles saw the lake in 1875, but he did not give it a name. He described the area as barren, and wrote that he and his team found no game between Carle Thulka and the Western Australian border. Maurice, in his own expeditions, recorded information and collected specimens on the plants, animals and geology of the area. In 1904, a mining surveyor named Frank George led a prospecting expedition through this region. He used Maurice's camels and equipment and travelled northwest of Lake Dey Dey and across the border to the salt lakes in Western Australia. George named Lake Maurice, and he reported that the area was not likely to contain anything suitable for mining.
The area around Carle Thulka was affected by the nuclear-weapon tests done during the 1950s. Dozens of Aboriginal families were removed from their ancestral lands and settled in towns far to the north (Ernabella), south (Yalata and Ooldea) and west (Cundeelee and Warburton). In the late 1940s, a single officer, Walter MacDougall, was sent to warn people in the area of the coming tests. The fallout from the hydrogen bombs was expected to harm or kill anyone within range. Officially, all were forced to leave their lands and were not allowed within 200 km of ground zero. Given that only one officer and an assistant were assigned to warn the people who lived across this huge area, many of the people were never informed, nor did they leave the area. Planes dropped information leaflets across the area, but the natives could not read the leaflets and were wary or afraid of the aircraft.
References
Other websites
Topographic map (1942)
Lakes of South Australia
Walterswil, Bern

Walterswil is a municipality of the administrative district of Oberaargau in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official Website
Municipalities of Bern
South Somerset

South Somerset is a district in the county of Somerset. Its council is based in the town of Yeovil. The district was formed on 1 April 1974 and was originally called Yeovil.
District and borough councils in England
Somerset
1974 establishments in England
Penobscot, Maine

Penobscot is a town in Hancock County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Nahas Angula

Nahas Gideon Angula (born 22 August 1943) is a Namibian politician. He was the third Prime Minister of Namibia from 21 March 2005 to 4 December 2012. He was replaced by Hage Geingob.
Angula is a member of the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO). He was Minister of Education, Sport, and Culture from 1990 to 1995 and Minister of Higher Education from 1995 to 2005.
References
1943 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Namibia
Mehdi Yaghoubi

Mohammad Mehdi Yaghoubi (; 2 April 1930 - 25 September 2021) was an Iranian bantamweight freestyle wrestler. He competed at the 1952, 1956 and 1960 Olympics and won a silver medal in 1956.
Yaghoubi died on 25 September 2021 at the age of 91.
References
1930 births
2021 deaths
Iranian wrestlers
Olympic silver medalists
Akiko Sudo

is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Sudo was born in Kokubunji on April 7, 1984. She was promoted to Nippon TV Beleza from the youth team in 2000 and played until 2013. In 14 seasons, she played 156 games and scored 15 goals. The club won Nadeshiko League championship 8 times. She retired end of 2013 season.
In August 2002, Sudo was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 2002 U-19 World Championship. On January 12, 2003, she debuted for the Japan national team against United States. She was a member of Japan for 2003 World Cup. She subsequently played the 2006 Asian Games, where she scored against Jordan, the 2010 EAFF Championship, which Japan won, and the 2010 Asian Cup, which marked qualification for the 2011 World Cup, which Japan eventually won. She played 15 games and scored 3 goals for Japan until 2010.
Statistics
References
Other websites
1984 births
Living people
Footballers from Tokyo Prefecture
Japan women's international footballers
Nadeshiko League players
Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza players
2003 FIFA Women's World Cup players
2010 AFC Women's Asian Cup players
Footballers at the 2006 Asian Games
Asian Games medalists in football
Asian Games silver medalists for Japan
Medalists at the 2006 Asian Games
Waldenburg, Switzerland

Waldenburg is the capital of the district of Waldenburg in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Waldenburger Rail Line
Municipalities of Basel-Landschaft
Cities in Switzerland
John Mills

Sir John Mills (born Lewis Ernest Watts Mills; 22 February 190823 April 2005) was a British actor.
He was born in North Elmham, Norfolk. His sister was entertainer Annette Mills (1894-1955).
He was married to actress Aileen Raymond (1910-2005) from 1927 until they divorced in 1941. He was married to actress Mary Hayley Bell (1911-2005) from 1941 until his death. The couple had two daughters, actresses Juliet Mills (born 1941) and Hayley Mills (born 1946) and a son, Jonathan Mills (born 1949).
Mills was knighted in 1976. His autobiography was published in 1980. He died in Denham, Buckinghamshire.
References
Other websites
1908 births
2005 deaths
Academy Award winning actors
Actors from Norfolk
English autobiographers
English movie actors
English movie directors
English movie producers
English stage actors
English television actors
Shen Yineng

Shen Yineng is a Chinese water polo player.
She played at the 2018 FINA Women's Water Polo World League and 2018 Asian Games.
References
Living people
Chinese water polo players
1995 births
Medalists at the 2018 Asian Games
COVID-19 pandemic in Benin

The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached Benin in March 2020.
On 16 March, the first COVID-19 case in the country was confirmed in Porto-Novo, the capital of Benin.
Three days later, the second confirmed case was reported. The city suspended many international flights and people coming into the country by air were being kept under 14 days' mandatory isolation. People in Benin were told to wear masks and go outside home only if required.
References
History of Benin
Benin
The Boy Next Door

The Boy Next Door is an American psychological thriller movie. It was released in January 2015. It was directed by Rob Cohen. The movie was written by Barbara Curry. The movie stars are Jennifer Lopez, Ryan Guzman, John Corbett and Kristin Chenoweth.
Plot
After separating from her husband, a woman has a one-night stand with her new 19-year-old neighbor.
Cast
Jennifer Lopez as Claire Peterson
Ryan Guzman as Noah Sandborn
Kristin Chenoweth
John Corbett
Ian Nelson as Kevin Peterson
Hill Harper
Adam Hicks
Bailey Chase
Travis Schuldt
Other websites
The Boy Next Door at the Trailer Motion
The Boy Next Door at the Rotten Tomatoes
The Boy Next Door at the Box Office Mojo
2015 movies
2015 thriller movies
2010s psychological movies
Adultery in movies
American thriller movies
English-language movies
Movies about families
Movies about murderers
Universal Pictures movies
Movies directed by Rob Cohen
Movies set in Los Angeles
Richard Wilkins (TV presenter)

Richard Stephen Wilkins (born 19 June 1954) is a New Zealand-Australian television and radio presenter. He is the Entertainment Editor for the Nine Network, co-host of Weekend Today and weekend announcer on smoothfm, and Master of Ceremonies.
In March 2020, he was diagnosed with COVID-19.
References
1954 births
Living people
Australian television presenters
People from Auckland
Frederick McKinley Jones

Frederick McKinley Jones was an African-American inventor who is known for the development of refrigeration equipment used during World War II.
Early life
Jones was born in Cincinnati, Ohio on May 17, 1893. When he was 9 years old, both of his parents died. After his parent's death, he went to live with a priest in Kentucky. He stayed there for two years. At the age of 11, Jones returned to Cincinnati. There he found a small job working as a janitor. He served in World War I. Jones had talent for and interest in mechanical work. He read extensively on the subject. In addition to his daily work, he educated himself in his spare time. When the town decided to fund a new radio station, Jones built the transmitter needed to broadcast its programming.
Public life
Jones designed a portable air cooling unit for trucks carrying food. He started a company called Thermo Control Company in the 1930's. He received more than 60 patents.
Death
Unfortunately, Jones died of lung cancer in Minneapolis, Minnesota on February 21,1961. However, he won a National Medal of Technology after he died. Not to mention that he was inducted into the Minnesota a Inventors Hall of Fame in 1977.
References
Cross-site scripting

Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a client-side code injection attack. The attacker aims to execute malicious scripts in a web browser of the victim by including malicious code.
How it works
In a Cross-site Scripting attack (XSS), the attacker uses your vulnerable web page to deliver malicious JavaScript to your user. The user's browser executes this malicious JavaScript on the user's Computer. Note that about one in three websites is vulnerable to Cross-site scripting.
Even though a Cross-site Scripting attack happens in the user's browser, it may affect your website or web application. For example, an attacker may use it to steal user credentials and log in to your website as that user. If that user is an administrator, the attacker gains control over your website.
To protect against Cross-site Scripting, you must scan your website or web application regularly or at least after every change in the code. Then, your developers must correct the code to eliminate the vulnerability. Contrary to popular opinions, web application firewalls do not protect against Cross-site Scripting, they just make the attack more difficult - the vulnerability is still there.
Types
Non-persistent
Non-persistent XSS vulnerabilities in Google could allow sites to attack Google users who visit them while logged in.
The non-persistent (or reflected) cross-site scripting vulnerability is by far the most basic type of web vulnerability.
Persistent
The persistent XSS vulnerability is a more devastating variant of a cross-site scripting flaw: it occurs when the data provided by the attacker is saved by the server, and then permanently displayed on "normal" pages returned to other users in the course of regular browsing, without proper HTML escaping.
Self-XSS
Self-XSS is a form of XSS vulnerability which relies on social engineering in order to trick the victim into executing malicious JavaScript code into their browser.
Mutated XSS
Mutated XSS happens when the attacker injects something that is seemingly safe, but rewritten and modified by the browser, while parsing the markup. This makes it extremely hard to detect or sanitize within the websites application logic.
Computer security
Okehampton

Okehampton is an old market town on Dartmoor near the A30 road in West Devon, England. In 2001, there were 5,846 people living in Okehampton. Okehampton is the ideal place to explore Dartmoor with the highest Tor on Dartmoor (Yes Tor) being a short distance from the town.
Heritage railway services were operated from Okehampton railway station until the line reopened for regular passenger service on 20th November 2021, serving Okehampton with a direct link to Exeter for onward travel. The station was formerly on the Southern Railway main line from Exeter to Padstow.
References
Towns in Devon
West Devon
1966 California gubernatorial election

The California gubernatorial election, 1966 was held on November 8, 1966. The election was a race between incumbent Governor Pat Brown, the Democratic candidate, and actor Ronald Reagan, the Republican candidate.
Background
After his re-election victory over former Vice President Richard Nixon in 1962, Brown was strongly considered for Lyndon Johnson's 1964 ticket, a spot that eventually went to Hubert Humphrey. However, Brown's popularity began to sag amidst the civil disorders of the Watts riots and the early anti-Vietnam War demonstrations at U.C. Berkeley.
The Republicans seized upon Brown's sudden unpopularity by nominating a well known and charismatic political outsider - actor Ronald Reagan. With Richard Nixon working tirelessly behind the scenes and Reagan trumpeting his law and order campaign message, Reagan received almost 2/3 of the primary vote over George Christopher, the moderate Republican former mayor of San Francisco.
Results
Reagan won the election in a landslide victory with 3,742,913 (57.55%) of the vote to Brown's 2,479,174 (42.27%).
References
Other websites
Autumn and Cardboard: The 1966 California Gubernatorial Election
Reagan Heritage
Bepress (pg 13)
SFgate
California gubernatorial election
California elections
1960s in California
Pakistan Day

Pakistan Day (, lit. Yaum-e-Pakistan) or Pakistan Resolution Day, also Republic Day, is a national holiday in Pakistan. It is celebrated on 23 March each year. It is the anniversary of the commemoration of the choosing the name "Pakistan" by Choudhary Rahmat Ali.
Notes
Holidays of Pakistan
Collingwood School

Collingwood School is a private school in West Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It teaches from Junior Kindergarten to Grade 12.
History
Collingwood School was opened in 1984 by West Vancouver and North Vancouver parents who wanted a private school nearby. The school was named after a ship called the HMCS Collingwood. The school used the buildings from the old Glenmore Elementary School. Now the school has buildings in two different parts of West Vancouver.
Facilities
The "Morven" campus is the oldest part of the school. This is where they teach the older children, from Grade 6 to Grade 12. It is in a part of West Vancouver called the British Properties. The address is 70 Morven Drive, West Vancouver. The "Wentworth" campus was built later. This is where they teach the younger children, from Junior Kindergarten to Grade 5. It is right below Cypress Provincial Park in West Vancouver.
References
Other websites
Collingwood School Official Site
Round Square Official Site
Schools in Canada
1984 establishments in Canada
Willis Group

Willis Group Holdings plc was a multinational risk advisor, insurance brokerage and reinsurance brokerage company with its headquarters in the Willis Building in London until its merger with financial services company Towers Watson in 2016.
It was the world's third-largest insurance broker. Willis has around 400 offices in 120 countries and about 18,000 employees.
The 110-story Sears Tower in Chicago was renamed the Willis Tower in July 2009 since Willis bought the name rights of the building.
References
Defunct companies of the United Kingdom
Beaufort County, South Carolina

Beaufort County is a county in the state of South Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census, 162,233 people lived there. Its county seat is Beaufort.
References
18th-century establishments in South Carolina
1769 establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
South Carolina counties
Joe Donnelly

Joseph Simon "Joe" Donnelly, Sr. (born September 29, 1955) is an American politician. Donnelly is the United States Ambassador to the Holy See since 2022. He was the United States Senator from Indiana. He is a member of the Democratic Party, Donnelly was in the Senate from January 3, 2013 to January 3, 2019.
In November 2018, Donnelly was defeated by Republican businessman Mike Braun.
In October 2021, President Joe Biden announced he would nominate Donnelly to be the U.S. Ambassador to the Vatican (Holy See). The United States Senate approved his nomination by a voice vote on January 20, 2022.
References
Other websites
Senator Joe Donnelly official U.S. Senate site
Joe Donnelly for Senate
1955 births
Living people
Politicians from New York (state)
United States representatives from Indiana
United States senators from Indiana
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Ambassadors of the United States to the Holy See
Soviet Russia Constitution of 1918

The 1918 Russian Constitution was the prototype for later Soviet constitutions. This constitution laid out and described the regime that came to power in the former Russian Empire during the October Revolution of 1917 and set up the first dictatorship of the proletariat in world history.
1918 in Europe
1910s in Russia
Constitutions of the Soviet Union
Just Your Fool

"Just Your Fool" (or "I'm Just Your Fool" as it was titled) is a 1953 song written and recorded by Buddy Johnson and His Orchestra. It went to number 6 on the Billboard R&B chart. It was covered by Little Walter in 1962 and Cyndi Lauper for her 11th studio album Memphis Blues.
The Rolling Stones version
The Rolling Stones recorded their version of Just Your Fool for their 2016 album Blue & Lonesome. It was released as the leading single from the album. It went to number 80 in Scotland and number 81 in Switzerland and did not chart in the United Kingdom.
References
1953 songs
R&B songs
Blues rock songs
Little Walter songs
Cyndi Lauper songs
The Rolling Stones songs
Mast cell

A mast cell is like a white blood cell (leukocyte) which lives and acts in tissues. It is made in bone marrow, and matures in tissues, where it defends against parasites.
Mast cells have many granules rich in histamine and heparin. Mast cells play an important protective role in wound healing and defence against pathogens. They are a part cause of allergy and anaphylaxis,
The mast cell is very similar in both appearance and function to the basophil, a type of white blood cell. However, they are not the same.
Mast cells were first described by Paul Ehrlich in his 1878 doctoral thesis. He noted the large granules visible once they were stained. They are now considered to be part of the immune system.
References
Cells
Immunology
Umayyad conquest of Hispania

The Umayyad conquest of Hispania was the expansion of the Umayyad Caliphate over Hispania, from 711 to 788.
The conquest destroyed the Visigothic Kingdom and set up the Emirate of Cordova under Abd ar-Rahman I. This completed al-Andalus, the unification of Muslim-ruled Iberia (756-788). The conquest was the westernmost expansion of the Umayyad Caliphate and Muslim rule into Europe. Charles Martel defeated them in the Battle of Tours, so they did not conquer France.
The conquering army was made up mainly of Berbers (north-western Africa). They had only recently come under Muslim influence. They arrived in early 711 at Gibraltar.
The Umayyad Caliphate in Damascus was overthrown around 750 AD, but continued in al-Andalus until 1031.
The period from 710 to the fall of the last Islamic state in the Battle of Granada in 1492 is called the Reconquista.
References
History of Portugal
History of Spain
Caliphates
8th century
Felipe de Almeida Gomes

Felipe de Almeida Gomes (born 5 January 1988) is a Brazilian football player.
Club career statistics
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|2007||Vegalta Sendai||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||0||0
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|2007||Perada Fukushima||Regional Leagues||5||7||colspan="2"|-||5||7
5||7||0||0||5||7
5||7||0||0||5||7
|}
References
1988 births
Living people
Footballers from Rio de Janeiro
Edvard Moser

Edvard Ingjald Moser (; born 27 April 1962) is a Norwegian psychologist and neuroscientist. He works at the Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience, at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in Trondheim. In 2005, he and May-Britt Moser discovered grid cells.
He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2014 with May-Britt Moser and John O'Keefe for their work identifying the brain's positioning system.
References
1962 births
Living people
Norwegian scientists
Neuroscientists
Physiologists
Grants, New Mexico

Grants is a city in Cibola County, New Mexico, United States. It is located about west of Albuquerque. The population was 9,182 at the 2010 Census. It is the county seat of Cibola County.
References
County seats in New Mexico
Cities in New Mexico
Bellatrix (star)

Bellatrix (also known as g Orionis and Gamma Orionis) is the third brightest star in the constellation of Orion. With a slightly variable magnitude of around 1.6, It is usually the 25th-brightest star in the night sky. It is positioned 5 degrees west of the red supergiant star, Betelgeuse. It is located 240 to 260 light years away from the Sun. It is a blue giant star with around 7.7 times as massive as the Sun and 5.75 times the Sun's diameter which is 4,004,254 km in diameter.
Stars
Shehri language

Shehri, or Jibbali, is a Semitic languages. It is spoken by a small number of people in towns by the coast and in mountains in Oman.
References
Further reading
Fradkin, R. (1985). Middle East Studies Association Bulletin, 19(1), 103-104. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/23057846
Hayward, K., Hayward, R., & Al-Tabuki, S. (1988). Vowels in Jibbali Verbs. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, 51(2), 240-250. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/618210
Marie-Claude Simeone-Simelle. 1997. The Modern South Arabian Languages. In Robert Hetzron (ed.), The Semitic Languages, 378-423. London & New York: Routledge.
Moseley, C. (2010). Encyclopedia of the world's endangered languages. London: Routledge. The Middle East and North Africa
Rubin, Aaron D. The Jibbali (Shahri) language of Oman: grammar and texts. Leiden: Brill, 2014. Print.
Semitic languages
Languages of Oman
New Canada, Maine

New Canada is a town in Aroostook County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Ellinwood, Kansas

Ellinwood is a city in Barton County, Kansas, United States. In the 2020 census, the population of the city was 2,011.
References
Cities in Kansas
Barton County, Kansas
List of members of the European Parliament for the United Kingdom (2009–2014)

This is a list of Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) for the United Kingdom in the 2009 to 2014 session. They are listed in order by their last name.
Full MEPs
Current members
This table can be sorted by constituency, party or party group: click the symbol at the top of the column for each.
Lists of British politicians
Ball Arena

Ball Arena is a sports arena in Denver, Colorado. The arena opened on October 1, 1999, and is the current home to the Colorado Avalanche of the National Hockey League (NHL), the Denver Nuggets of the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the Colorado Mammoth of the National Lacrosse League (NLL). Ball Corporation currently has naming rights for the arena. The arena currently seats 19,155 for basketball and 18,007 for hockey and lacrosse.
The arena had opened as Pepsi Center after PepsiCo bought the naming rights. The rights contract expired in 2020, and a new deal was signed with Ball Corporation, a company based in nearby Broomfield that makes packaging and aerospace products.
References
Other websites
Official website
Sports buildings in the United States
Sports in Denver
Buildings and structures in Colorado
1999 establishments in the United States
1990s establishments in Colorado
Colorado Avalanche
Pleasant Grove Township, Des Moines County, Iowa

Pleasant Grove Township is a township in the County of Des Moines in Iowa. The population is 457 with 227 males and 230 females.
Important places in Pleasant Grove
Churches
Cedar Grove Church
Shaver Church
Agape Fellowship Church
Cemeteries
Wilcox Cemetery
Infant Cemetery
Reservoirs
Sixmile Creek Watershed Site Three Reservoir
Sixmile Creek Watershed Site Two Reservoir
Watson Lake
Creeks
Shaver Creek
Caney Creek
Little Creek
References
Settlements in Iowa
Townships in the United States
Douvrin

Douvrin is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Synthetic material

Synthetic materials are created by people through chemical engineering. This differentiates them from natural materials, such as wood. The raw materials (such as oil) used for the production of many synthetic materials come from nature.
The best-known synthetic materials are plastics, derived from polymers.
Related pages
Synthetic fabric
Synthetic materials
Habima Theatre

Habima Theatre (, lit. "The Stage") is the national theatre of Israel. It is in Tel Aviv. The theatre was established in Moscow. It was moved to Israel in 1930.
Other websites
Official site
Buildings and structures in Tel Aviv
Theatres
Khalid (singer)

Khalid Donnel Robinson (born February 11, 1998) is an American singer. Khalid was born in Georgia. He became popular in 2016 for his song "Location" from his first album American Teen (2017).
1998 births
Living people
African-American singers
American R&B singers
American pop singers
American soul singers
Singers from Georgia (U.S. state)
21st-century American musicians
Birger Jarl

Birger Jarl was a statesman, jarl, and a member of the House of Bjelbo from Sweden. He was born in 1210 and died on October 21, 1266.
References
Other websites
1200 births
1266 deaths