pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Tenbun

, also known as Tembun or Temmon, was a after Kyoroku and before Koji. This period started in July 1532 and ended in October 1555. During this time, the emperor was . or
Events of the Tenbun era
1536 (Tenbun 5, 26th day of the 2nd month): Go-Nara was formally established as emperor.
1542 (Tenbun 11, 25th day of the 8th month): Imagawa Yoshimoto of Suruga Province lost battle with army of Oda Nobuhide.
1543 (Tenbun 12, 25th day of the 8th month): Portuguese ship landed at Tanegashima bringing the first gun into Japan.
1543 (Tenbun 13, 7th month): Flooding in Kyoto and nearby areas.
1546 (Tenbun 15, 20th day of the 12th month): Ashikaga Yoshiteru became 13th Shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate.
1547 (Tenbun 11): Joseon and "Treaty of Tenbun" limited trade to Korean port of Pusan.
15 August 1549 (Tenbun 18, 22nd day of the 7th month): Jesuit Catholic priest Francis Xavier arrived in Japan
1551 (Tenbun 20): The first mechanical clock was brought to Japan by Xavier; and he gave it to Ouichi Yoshitaka.
Related pages
Muromachi period
References
Other websites
National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Japanese eras
Solon, Ohio

Solon is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States.
Cities in Ohio
Peter Capaldi

Peter Dougan Capaldi (born 14 April 1958) is a Scottish actor, director and writer. He portrayed the 12th Doctor in Doctor Who. He won an Academy Award for best Live Action Short Film for writing and directing the movie Franz Kafka's It's a Wonderful Life in 1995. He has been in various movies and television programs in the United Kingdom, including In the Loop, The Fifth Estate, The Thick of It and The Musketeers.
He also portrayed one of the professors in World War Z. He starred as Rabbit in the 2018 Disney movie Christopher Robin.
Early life
Capaldi was born on 14 April 1958 in Glasgow, Scotland, the son of Nancy Soutar and Gerald John Capaldi. His mother's side of the family was Scottish and Irish. His father's side was Italian.
References
Other websites
1958 births
Living people
Academy Award winning directors
Actors from Glasgow
Doctor Who
Scottish movie actors
Scottish stage actors
Scottish television actors
Scottish voice actors
Ecnomiohyla veraguensis

Ecnomiohyla veraguensis is a frog that lives in Costa Rica and Panama. Scientists have seen it at 540 meters above sea level. It lives in the Talamanca Mountains in Costa Rica and in the Santa Fe National Park in Panama.
This frog lives high in the tree branches.
References
Frogs of North America
Vladimír Holan

Vladimir Holan (September 16, 1905 - March 31, 1980) was a Czech poet.
Biography
Vladimir Holan was born in 1905 in Prague. He got his high-school certificate in 1926 and started to study law. However, he was not much interested in it and left the university quickly. He worked in an office and after some years abandoned it because of ill health.
In 1926 Holan published his first book of poetry named Blouznivy vejir (A Thoughtful Fan). The poet himself was not much pleased with the book. In 1930 he published another book which was more successful, named Triumf smrti (The Triumph of Death). Many other books followed that. The most important work by Holan is Noc s Hamletem (A night with Hamlet). Holan wrote poems till 1977 when his only daughter died. After it he wrote nothing more. Holan was awarded many times and nominated for Nobel prize. The poet died in Prague in 1980. He was buried at Olsany Cemetery in Prague.
Work
Holan's poems are different and usually regarded as difficult. The poems are full of symbols and images that can be understood in different ways. He used classical verse forms and free verse as well. He is also known to have employed alliteration and puns. Holan was also a translator. He translated European literature into Czech.
Criticism
Uderem tepny. Sbornik ze seminare k interpretaci basnickeho dila Vladimira Holana, Edited by Vladimir Justl, Viola, Praha 1986
References
Bibliography
James Partridge, The Narrative Poetry of Vladimir Holan, 1939-1955, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2007.
Jozef Waczkow, Vladimir Hola [in:] Literatury zachodnioslowianskie czasu przelomow 1890-1990, Vol. 2, Katowice 1999 (in Polish).
Other websites
Vladimir Holan's poems at Art of Europe.
Czech poets
1905 births
1980 deaths
Writers from Prague
Arthur E. Chase

Arthur E. Chase (February 4, 1930 - January 5, 2015) was an American businessman and politician. He represented the Worcester District in the Massachusetts Senate from 1991-1995. He co-founded the Central Massachusetts Legislative Caucus. In 1991 he designed the Massachusetts Academy of Math and Science at WPI and in 1992 sponsored legislation to create it. He was the Republican nominee for Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1994, but lost in the general election to William F. Galvin.
References
1930 births
2015 deaths
Businesspeople from Massachusetts
Politicians from Massachusetts
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Bernd Riexinger

Bernd Riexinger (born 30 October 1955) is a German politician of the Left Party. He was named co-chairman of the party, together with Katja Kipping, on 2 June 2012.
References
1955 births
Living people
German politicians
Hadiza Isma El-Rufai

Hadiza Isma El-Rufai (born June 21, 1960) is a Nigerian writer and wife to the current governor of Kaduna State, Mallam Nasir El-Rufai.
Education
El-Rufai has a Bachelor's degree and Master's degree in architecture. She also has a MBA from Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. She also has a Masters in Creative Writing from Bath Spa University, England.
References
1960 births
living people
Nigerian writers
People from Kano State
Saint Joachim

Saint Joachim was the father of the Virgin Mary and the grandfather of Jesus. Joachim means "Yahweh prepares".
According to tradition, Joachim wanted to pray in the temple but was turned away because of his childlessness. He went to a mountaintop to pray to God. An angel appeared to him and his wife, Anna. The angel told Joachim that the Lord heard their prayers and that Anna was with child.
It is believed that Anna and Joachim gave Mary to the service of the Temple when she was three years old.
St. Joachim and Saint Anna's feast day is July 26.
Early Christian saints
1st-century BC births
Tony Iommi

Frank Anthony "Tony" Iommi (born 19 February 1948, in Birmingham, England) is a British guitarist and songwriter. He is most famous for starting the heavy metal band Black Sabbath. He is the only person who has stayed a member of the band since it began in 1968. He lost two finger tips in a work accident, and made two fake finger tips from a plastic bottle. This helped give Black Sabbath their heavy sound.
In 2003, Iommi was listed at number 86 in Rolling Stone Magazine's "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" issue.
Along with Jimmy Page of Led Zeppelin, Iommi is oft considered one of the greatest riff writers of all time. Iommi used several riffs in Black Sabbath's songs.
He was born to an Italian immigrant family and has dual Italian British citizenship.
In 2006 Tony Iommi was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
Notes
Iommi, Tony
1948 births
Living people
Vladimir Mitkov

Vladimir Mitkov (Born 20 October 1931) is a Macedonian politician who served as head of the SSR of North Macedonia from 1983-1986.
1931 births
Living people
Vinelz

Vinelz () is a municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official Webpage of Vinelz
Municipalities of Bern
Pownal, Maine

Pownal is a town in Cumberland County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Second Bulgarian Empire

The Second Bulgarian Empire was a medieval Bulgarian state. It existed between 1185 and 1396 and succeeded the First Bulgarian Empire. The Second Bulgarian Empire was most successful under Tsars Kaloyan and Ivan Asen II before being slowly conquered by the Ottomans in the late 14th century.
References
Government of Bulgaria
1185 establishments
Former monarchies of Europe
Taylor Hicks

Taylor Reuben Hicks (born October 7, 1976) is an American singer, songwriter and musician. In 2006, he won the fifth season of American Idol. His runner-up was Katharine McPhee. After he won, he was signed to Arista Records. His album called Taylor Hicks was released on December 12, 2006.
Other websites
Taylor Hicks Official Site
Taylor Hicks at rehearsals.com
Taylor Hicks at GoFish
Taylor Hicks on American Idol at American Idol Watch
Taylor Hicks on the Tonight Show with Jay Leno
1976 births
Living people
American blues singers
American rock singers
American soul singers
American blues musicians
American rock musicians
American soul musicians
Musicians from Birmingham, Alabama
Writers from Birmingham, Alabama
Singers from Birmingham, Alabama
American Idol winners
The Story of Asya Klyachina

The Story of Asya Klyachina () is a 1966 Soviet drama movie directed by Andrei Konchalovsky. It stars Iya Savvina, Gennady Egorychev, and Alexander Surin.
Actors
Iya Savvina as Asya Klyachina
Gennady Egorychev as Chirkunov
Alexander Surin as Stepan
Mikhail Kislov
Ivan Petrov
Lyubov Sokolova as Maria, mother of Mishanka
Boris Parfyonov
References
Other websites
Russian drama movies
Russian romance movies
1966 romantic drama movies
Movies directed by Andrei Konchalovsky
Soviet drama movies
Soviet romance movies
Arts

The arts are a large part of culture, and the word means much more than "art". The arts include visual arts, literary arts (i.e. books and other writings) and performing arts (i.e. music, dance, drama).
Sometimes, in universities, it is shorthand for a wider group of subjects which are properly called the humanities. These include philosophy, theology, literature, languages, and history as well.
"The arts" are usually contrasted with "The sciences".
Visual arts
Visual arts consist of any art that can be seen. This form of art doesn't change once it has been made.
Architecture
Architecture is the art and science behind building and sculpture design. Architecture as an art involves making something look beautiful and appealing to others.
Conceptual art
Conceptual Art is art in which the idea is more important than the actual beauty of the object.
Other websites
Dictionary of the history of ideas -- Classification of the arts
Open Directory -- Arts
National Endowment for the Arts -- USA
Arts Council -- England
Americans for the Arts
ArtsJournal -- Daily Arts News
Arts -- New York Times
Arts -- The Times
Association of Hispanic Arts (AHA)
History of Art: From Paleolithic Age to Contemporary Art
Non-verbal communication
Loni Nest

Loni Nest (born Eleonore Nest; August 4, 1915 - October 2, 1990) was a German actress.
Early life
She was born in Berlin to American parents. At the early age of four weeks, she was first featured in a movie. She used the name Loni Nest instead of Eleonore Nest. Between 1918 and 1933, she starred in 41 movies, opposite such actors as Charles Boyer, Greta Garbo, Marlene Dietrich and Fritz Feld.
Disppearance
After more than 40 movies, she ended her movie career in 1928 at the early age of 13. In 1933 she played in one last movie in France.
Her whereabouts after 1933 remained unknown for several decades.
Death
She died at the age of 75 on October 2, 1990 in the French town Nice.
Hoax
In 2014, the website "Forever missed" published an obituary that ostensibly revealed that Nest had died on Hawaii in 2014 at the old age of 98. It also described details of Nest's life after she left Germany and moved to America. Various websites including the Internet Movie Database quickly adopted this information. However it was soon discovered, that both the time and location of her death as well as the details about her later life were completely made up.
According to the German newspaper Die Welt, German film historian Toni Schieck had discovered years before that Nest's sister Ursula had moved to the USA and died in Florida in 2007. Through her family, Schieck discovered that Nest had married and taken the last name Arnault. She moved to France where she died at the age of 75 in Nice.
Filmography
1918: Dida Ibsens Geschichte
1919: Die Ehe der Frau Mary
1919: Opium
1919: Harakiri
1920: Kampfende Gewalten oder Welt ohne Krieg
1920: Der Reigen - Ein Werdegang
1920: Patience
1920: Johannes Goth
1920: Der Golem, wie er in die Welt kam
1920: Die Schuld der Lavinia Morland
1920: Das wandernde Bild
Man Overboard (1921)
1921: Ein Erpressertrick
1921: Schloss Vogelod
Violet (1921)
1921: Die Minderjahrige - Zu jung furs Leben
1921: Pariserinnen
1921: Der Strafling von Cayenne
1921: The Pearl of the Orient
1921: Sturmflut des Lebens
1922: Versunkene Welten
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1922: Tabea, stehe auf!
1922: Sterbende Volker (2 parts)
1922: Aus den Erinnerungen eines Frauenarztes (2 parts)
1923: Quarantane
1923: Tragodie der Liebe
1923: Fraulein Raffke
The Little Napoleon (1923)
1923: Schwarze Erde
1924: Zwei Kinder
1924: Mutter und Kind
1924: Der Evangelimann
1925: Liebesfeuer
1925: Die Prinzessin und der Geiger
1925: Die freudlose Gasse
1925: Aus der Jugendzeit klingt ein Lied
The Saint and Her Fool (1928)
1928: Die Geschichte einer kleinen Pariserin (La storia di una piccola Parigina)
1933: L'Epervier
References
Other websites
1915 births
1990 deaths
German movie actors
People from Berlin
Saffré

Saffre is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Professional doctorate

Professional doctorate is the name given to an academic title. People who studied certain branches get a degree of Dr. at the end of their regular studies. This is mostly the case in branches such as medicine and law. This is not comparable to someone spending years writing and defending a thesis. It is more like a Master's degree, which people get after studying 4 to 5 years.
Academic degrees
Basilica of Superga

The Royal Basilica of Superga is a large church on the outskirts of the Italian city of Turin. The site was originally bare until King Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia decided to create a cathedral there. He wanted a burial place for members of his dynasty, the House of Savoy. Construction lasted from 1717 to 1731. The building was designed by the Italian architect Filippo Juvarra. The building is often compared to the larger and more famous St. Peter's Basilica. Most of the Kings of Sardinia are buried there.
Further reading
Padre Benedetto Marengo, La Basilica di Superga. Cenni storici del piu grande monumento juvarriano, Tipografia Scarafaglio, Torino, 1997
Reina Gabriele, Guadalupi Gianni, Superga segreta. Il Mausoleo dei Savoia, Omega, 2008,
Roman Catholic churches in Italy
House of Savoy
1731 establishments
18th-century buildings and structures
Challes, Sarthe

Challes is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.
Communes in Sarthe
Interstate 220 (Louisiana)

Interstate 220 (I-220) in Louisiana is an east-west bypass route around Shreveport, Louisiana. It runs from I-20 and LA 3132 in Shreveport to a second interchange with I-20 in Bossier City. The highway serve as a northern bypass of the downtown area for through traffic traveling on I-20.
References
Interstate Highways
Calcium nitride

Calcium nitride is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Ca3N2. It contains calcium and nitride ions.
Properties
It is a red-brown solid. It reacts with water to make calcium hydroxide and ammonia. It reacts with hydrogen to make calcium hydride and calcium amide.
Preparation
It is made by burning calcium in nitrogen. It is also made when calcium burns in air.
Uses
It can be used as a source of the reactive nitride ion.
Related pages
Calcium nitrate
Nitrogen compounds
Calcium compounds
Bodio Lomnago

Bodio Lomnago is a comune in the Province of Varese in the Italian region of Lombardy.
Settlements in Lombardy
Physicist

A physicist is a scientist who studies physics.
Here are some famous physicists:
Robert J. Lang
Albert Einstein
Archimedes
Benjamin Franklin
Blaise Pascal
Enrico Fermi
Erwin Schrodinger
Galileo Galilei
Henri Poincare
Isaac Newton
James Watt
Johannes Kepler
Julius Robert Oppenheimer
Leo Szilard
Marie Curie
Max Planck
Donna Strickland
Niels Bohr
Nikola Tesla
Rene Descartes
Richard Feynman
Satyendra Nath Bose
Stephen Hawking
Werner Heisenberg
C.V. Raman
Abdul Kalam
Jagadish Chandra Bose
Science occupations
John Ahern (politician)

John Ahern (December 4, 1934 - December 19, 2020) was an American politician. He was a member of the Republican Party. Ahern was a member of the Washington House of Representatives, representing the 6th district from 2001 to 2009 and 2011 to 2013. Ahern was born in Havre, Montana.
Ahern died on December 19, 2020 in Spokane, Washington at the age of 86.
References
1934 births
2020 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Washington (state)
Politicians from Montana
People from Havre, Montana
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Christian Bourquin

Christian Bourquin (; 7 October 1954 - 26 August 2014) was a French politician. He was a member of the Socialist Party. He has been the president of the Regional Council of Languedoc-Roussillon from 2010 until his death in 2014. He served as Mayor of Millas from 1995 through 2001. He was born at Saint-Feliu-d'Amont, Pyrenees-Orientales.
Bourquin died in Montpellier, Herault, France, aged 59.
References
Other websites
Christian Bourquin official blog
1954 births
2014 deaths
French mayors
Socialist Party (France) politicians
Sergei Mylnikov

Sergei Aleksandrovich Mylnikov (, 6 October 1958 - 20 June 2017) was an Russian ice hockey goaltender and coach who competed in the Soviet Hockey League, National Hockey League, and the Swedish Division 2. He was born in Chelyabinsk, Russia.
He mostly played for Traktor Chelyabinsk (1976-80, 1983-89), and also briefly for SKA Leningrad (1980-82), the Quebec Nordiques (1989-90), and Skedvi/Sater IF (1993-95). He was a member of the Soviet national team, winning a gold medal at the 1988 Winter Olympics and at the 1989 and 1990 IIHF World Championships.
Mylnikov died in Moscow from heart failure on 20 June 2017 at the age of 58.
References
1958 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Soviet Olympic gold medalists
Russian ice hockey goaltenders
Greater bird-of-paradise

The greater bird-of-paradise (Paradisaea apoda) is a bird-of-paradise in the genus Paradisaea.
Carolus Linnaeus named the species Paradisaea apoda, or "legless bird-of-paradise". Apparently, early trade-skins to reach Europe were prepared without wings or feet by natives. This led to the stary that these birds were beautiful visitors from paradise kept aloft by their plumes and never touched the earth until death. The relevant point is that they were killed and traded for their feathers.
Description
The greater bird-of-paradise is the largest member in its genus. Males measuring up to (excluding the long twin tail wires). The female is smaller, at only .
The plumage of this species is also sexually dimorphic. The male has an iridescent green face and a yellow with silver crown, head and nape. The rest of the body plumage is maroon-brown. The flank plumes, used in displays, are yellow at the base, turning white and streaked with maroon.
The female has unbarred maroon brown plumage. In both sexes the iris is yellow and the bills blue.
References
Birds of Asia
Birds of Indonesia
Paradisaeidae
Birds of Oceania
Spaniards

Spaniards, or Spanish people, are a predominantly Romance-speaking ethnic group native to Spain. Latin America has the largest population of people of Spain descent, people with full or partial (Mestizo) ancestry.
References
Ethnic groups in Europe
Samtse District

Samtse District (Dzongkha: bsm-rtse-rdzong-khg-; Wylie: Bsam-rtse rdzong-khag; older spelling "Samchi") is one of the 20 districts in Bhutan. The administrative centre is Samtse.
There are fifteen village blocks:
Dungtoe Gewog
Dophoogchen Gewog
Duenchukha Gewog
Namgaychhoeling Gewog
Norbugang Gewog
Norgaygang Gewog
Pemaling Gewog
Phuentshogpelri Gewog
Samtse Gewog
Sangngagchhoeling Gewog
Tading Gewog
Tashicholing Gewog
Tendu Gewog
Ugentse Gewog
Yoeseltse Gewog
Districts of Bhutan
Scinax kennedyi

Kennedy's snouted tree frog (Scinax kennedyi) is a frog. It lives in the llanos in Colombia and Venezuela.
References
Frogs of South America
Strood

Strood is a town in Medway, North Kent.
It has a high street which has the following stores: Sports Direct Asda, Wilko, Iceland and Tesco
It also has a retail park which has the following stores: Next, Argos Poundworld Matalan KFC,
In 2016, the B&Q store at Strood Retail Park was demolished, and new shops were built which include M&S Foodhall, B&M Bargains, Starbucks, and a Gym.
It also has a leisure centre, Strood Leisure Centre.
Strood includes several named areas, notably Earl Estate and Marlowe Park.
References
Medway
Towns in Kent
Tom Nightingale

Tom Nightingale is a cricketer from Guernsey. He plays for the Guernsey cricket team. He was born on May 16, 1998.
References
Other websites
1998 births
Living people
Guernsey cricketers
Maries County, Missouri

Maries County is a county in Missouri, United States. The county seat is Vienna. In 2020, 8,432 people lived there. The county was organized on March 2, 1855.
References
1855 establishments in Missouri
Missouri counties
POST (HTTP)

In Internet computing, POST is one of many request methods supported by the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (or HTTP). POST acts to submit data to be processed to a specific resource. As examples this may be a message for a bulletin board, a newsgroup, or a mailing list. It can also be an item of data for a database. In contrast, the HTTP GET request method is designed to retrieve (or get) information from a server.
References
Internet
Internet protocols
Maimonides

Maimonides was born in the Almoravid city of Cordoba in Spain, in 1135. His Hebrew name was Moses ben Maimon. He is also known as the Rambam, from the initial letters of his title and name, Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon.
Maimonides was a doctor by profession. Maimonides was one of the most important Jewish philosophers of the Middle Ages. He tried to show that the philosophy of the ancient Greek thinker, Aristotle, and Judaism supported each other.
Important works
Maimonides' main philosophical work was called The Guide for the Perplexed. He wrote it in Arabic by 1190. It has ideas from Aristotle's writings. The Guide influenced Christian Aristotelian theologians, for example, Thomas Aquinas. In 1168, Maimonides finished a commentary to the Mishnah, the written version of traditional Jewish oral law. Maimonides completed these books, called Mishneh Torah, in about 1178. They are one of the most important collections of Jewish laws.
Life story
When Maimonides was thirteen years old, the Almohads took Cordoba away from the Almoravid dynasty. The Almohads were Muslims who were conquering Al-Andalus (Muslim Spain). They forced all non-Muslims to leave, change their religion to Islam, or be killed. This forced Maimonides' family to leave Cordoba. They spent twelve years traveling and looking for a home. During these years, he wrote the commentary on the Mishnah. Finally, his family settled in Cairo, Egypt. In 1166, Maimonides' father died and his brother drowned on a shipwreck in the Indian Ocean.
By this time, Maimonides was a very popular Jewish leader. He helped the Jewish community in Cairo, Egypt. He lived there for the last part of his life, and taught and wrote about Judaism. He died in Cairo on December 13, 1204.
References
1135 births
1204 deaths
Egyptian Jews
European Jews
Jewish philosophers
People from Cordoba, Andalusia
Rabbis
Charnia

Charnia is the genus name of a frond-like Ediacaran lifeform. It has segmented ridges branching alternately to the right and left from a midline. The genus Charnia was named after Charnwood Forest in Leicestershire, England, where the first fossilised specimen was found.
Significance
Charnia is a highly significant fossil for several reasons. It is the first fossil ever described from undoubted Precambrian rocks. Until then the Precambrian was thought to have no fossils. Similar fossils found in the 1930s (Namibia) and the 1940s (Australia) but were thought to be of Cambrian age.
Secondly, Charnia has become an enduring image of Precambrian animals. Originally interpreted as an alga (Ford), it was recast as a sea pen, a sister group to the modern soft corals, from 1966 onwards (Glaessner). The sea pen interpretation has recently been discredited. The current "state of the art" is something of a "statement of ignorance".
Ecology
Little is known of the ecology of Charnia. It was benthic, anchored to the sea floor. It probably lived in deep waters, below the waves (perhaps a great deal below the wave base). This means it did not photosynthesise. Further, it has no obvious feeding apparatus (mouth, gut, etc.) and so its lifestyle is somewhat of an enigma. Some think it survived by filter feeding or directly absorbing nutrients.
The growth and development of the Ediacara biota is also important. It was used to discredit the sea pen hypothesis. In contrast to the sea pens (that grow by new buds at the base), Charnia grew by new buds at the apex.
Distribution
Charnia is, in time and geography, the most widespread Ediacaran fossil. The greatest abundance of specimens, which are also the oldest reliably dated Ediacaran fossils, are found at Mistaken Point on Newfoundland.
Diversity
Three species, C. masoni, C. wardi, and C. antecedens, have different length/width ratios and attachments of adjacent branches.
Charnia masoni was found by Roger Mason, a schoolboy who later became a professor of metamorphic petrology, in 1957. Tina Negus, a 15 year old schoolgirl at the time, had seen this fossil a year previously, but her geography schoolteacher flatly denied the possibility of Precambrian fossils.
Charnia wardi, later discovered in 1978 in southeast Newfoundland, was first described in 2003. This is the longest surviving Ediacaran age fossil, lasting over 2 million years. The holotype is a fragmentary specimen with a C. masoni like structure. It was defined as a new species on the basis of long and narrow shape.
Charnia antecedens has more irregular and higher angles of branching than C. masoni.
A number of Ediacaran form taxa are thought to represent Charnia (or Charniodiscus) at varying levels of decay.
References
Fossils
Invertebrates
Bayou Vista, Texas

Bayou Vista is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Cities in Texas
Extrusion

Extrusive means to the mode of igneous volcanic rock formation in which hot magma from inside the Earth flows out (extrudes) onto the surface as lava or explodes violently into the atmosphere to fall back as pyroclastics or tuff. This is opposed to intrusive rock formation, in which magma does not reach the surface.
Extruded when talking about an artificial material like soft metals like aluminium, plastic or glass means that it is pushed out of a nozzle when the material is in a soft state. The shape of the nozzle will vary depending on the shape required in the finished product
Geology
Walker, Louisiana

Walker is a city in Livingston Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Cities in Louisiana
Settlements in Livingston Parish, Louisiana
ACT New Zealand

ACT New Zealand, known simply as ACT (), is a right-wing, classical-liberal political party in New Zealand. According to former party leader Rodney Hide, ACT's values are "individual freedom, personal responsibility, doing the best for our natural environment and for smaller, smarter government in its goals of a prosperous economy, a strong society, and a quality of life that is the envy of the world".
ACT was briefly led by former National Party leader Don Brash for the 2011 election, after which the party caucus was reduced to one seat.
References
1990s establishments in New Zealand
1994 establishments in Oceania
Political parties in New Zealand
Cacus

Cacus is a character in Roman mythology. He was a hideous, three-headed, fire-belching shepherd who lived in a cave in the Aventine Forest in Italy. His cave was covered with the bones of the people he killed. Human skulls and human arms were hanging above the cave entrance. Cacus' parents were Hephaestus and Medusa.
Hercules had stolen the Geryon's cattle. He was driving the herd through Italy when Cacus crossed his path. Cacus stole some of the animals. He dragged them backwards to his cave to confuse Hercules.
The next morning, Hercules missed the animals at once. He went to Cacus' cave. Cacus had put a huge rock at the entrance but Hercules tossed it aside. Cacus tried to drive Hercules off by belching fire. Hercules grabbed him and "battered his face to a pulp." Hercules put together an altar to Zeus. He later set up his own worship at the site. Some say it was not Hercules who killed Cacus but a huge shepherd named Garanus or Recaranus, a friend of Hercules'.
Notes
References
Other websites
Roman mythology
Chivres-Val

Chivres-Val is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Mediterranean region

The Mediterranean region is the region surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. This includes places from Europe and Africa and Asia. Most of the region has a Mediterranean climate with warm to hot dry summers and cool to mild wet winters. Plants that grow there are short trees and shrubs which survive the yearly drought during summer. It is a popular vacation spot.
Location
The Mediterranean Region is so called because the largest stretch of area here lies along the margins of the Mediterranean Sea.The regions having similarities with the Mediterranean Region are located on the western margins of continents in the latitudinal belt between 30deg to 45deg North and South latitudes . Therefore, these regions are known by the common name of the Mediterranean Region of the world .
Area
Europe: The margins of South Portugal, France, Greece, Italy and Spain.
Asia: Cyprus, Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, Syria and parts of western and southern coastal Turkey.
Africa: The coastal area of Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia and Libya.
Regions of Africa
Regions of Asia
Regions of Europe
John Tavener

Sir John Tavener (28 January 1944 - 12 November 2013) was an English composer.
Life
John Tavener was born in Wembley, Middlesex. He went to Highgate School in North London. Another pupil there at the time was John Rutter. At school he studied piano, organ and composition and wrote music for the school orchestra. He also wrote music for the Presbyterian church where his family went and where his father was organist. In 1962 he went to the Royal College of Music where he studied the piano at first but then changed to composition. One of his early successes was a cantata called Cain and Abel which was performed by the London Bach Society. It was the performance of The Whale by the London Sinfonietta in 1968 that made him really famous. This work used collage, pre-recorded tape, amplified percussion and a chorus who used loudhailers. This kind of thing was very fashionable in the 1960s.
Another work written in 1968 was In Alium. It was performed at the Proms. It was an unusual concert: three works by living composers were played in the first half. The audience were asked to vote for which one they wanted to hear again after the interval. They chose In Alium.
The Beatles became interested in Tavener's music. John Lennon heard The Whale and he decided to issue Tavener's music on the newly formed Apple label.
Tavener became professor of composition at Trinity College. He continued to compose, although he often had difficulty finishing pieces. He was often worried that he might not be able to think of any new music. In 1977 he became a member of the Russian Orthodox Church. This changed his life. His music was very religious. He married his second wife and had two children. He was also very ill with heart trouble and even died on the operating table in hospital, but he brought back to life by the doctors.
He made a very important friend, Mother Thekla. She was an 80-year-old nun in the Orthodox Church, and she gave John a lot of advice and encouragement in his life.
A short piece for choir, The Lamb was written as a birthday present for his 3 year old nephew. It is very often sung by choirs at Christmas as a carol.
In 1989, his work The Protecting Veil was performed at the Proms. It was a work for cello and orchestra. The cellist was Steven Isserlis. This piece is one of the best known modern works for cello. He continued to write a lot of music. His Song for Athene was performed at the funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales in 1998. It was heard on television all over the world.
Tavener was knighted in 2000.
Death
Tavener died on 12 November 2013 at his home in Child Okeford, Dorset from unknown causes, aged 69. Tavener suffered many health issues. He suffered two heart attack and had surgery to remove an intestinal tumor.
References
Other websites
Sir John Tavener's homepage
1944 births
2013 deaths
20th-century English composers
21st-century English composers
Knights Bachelor
Musicians from Middlesex
Qizhang metro station

Qizhang is a metro station on the Songshan-Xindian Line in New Taipei, Taiwan. The station code of this station is G03.
Station layout information
The platforms are located underground. Platform 1 is both for Songshan and a termination platform for trains from Xiaobitan. Platform 2 is for Xindian or Xiaobitan.
Railway stations in Taipei
Greta Van Fleet

Greta Van Fleet is an American rock band. It was made in Frankenmuth, Michigan in 2012. The members of the band are Josh Kiszka (singing), Jake Kiszka (guitar), Sam Kiszka (bass guitar, keyboards), and Danny Wagner (drums). The band released their first extended play (EP) in April 2017. It is named Black Smoke Rising. The band's first single was popular. It is named "Highway Tune". It was number one on the Billboard Mainstream Rock music chart. It was number one on the chart for four weeks. The band made a second EP named From the Fires. It won a Grammy Award for Best Rock Album.
The band released their first album in October 2018. It is named Anthem of the Peaceful Army. It was number one on the Billboard Rock Album chart. In 2021, the band made The Battle at Garden's Gate.
Studio albums
Anthem of the Peaceful Army (2018)
The Battle at Garden's Gate (2021)
Starcatcher (2023)
References
Musical groups established in 2012
American rock bands
Grammy Award winners
Reydon, Oklahoma

Reydon is a town in Oklahoma in the United States.
Towns in Oklahoma
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

The (JSPS), also known as Gakushin, is an independent administrative institution in Japan.
JSPS exists to contribute to the advancement of all fields of the natural and social sciences and the humanities.
History
The Society was created in 1932. An endowment given by Emperor Showa helped establish Gakushin.
Popular interest in the history of science led to the establishment of JSPS
Gakushin evolved in a context of other societies and groups such as the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers and the Research Institute for Chemistry and Physics.
The Japanese government has always supported the society.
In 1967, JSPS became a semi-governmental organization. The Society was reorganized as an independent administrative institution in 2003.
Mission
JSPS has many scientific and academic programs. Its mission is
To foster young researchers
To promote international scientific cooperation
To award grants for scientific research
To support scientific cooperation between the academic community and industry
To collect and distribute information on scientific research
Publications
JSPS publications include:
Gakujutsu Geppo (Japanese Scientific Monthly).
Scientific books.
Related pages
List of Independent Administrative Institutes in Japan
List of National Laboratories (Japan)
References
Other websites
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science website ,
Hideo Noguchi Africa Prize
Independent Administrative Institutions of Japan
Scientific organizations based in Japan
Abner

Abner is a Hebrew name that signifies "father of light" or "my father is a light." It has been commonly used by Jewish families for many generations. The name Abner appears multiple times in the Bible and is linked with qualities like bravery, power, and guidance.
People
Abner Coburn (1803-1885), 30th governor of Maine
Abner Cole (1783-1835), American newspaper editor
Abner Cook (1814-1884), Texas architect and general contractor
References
Names
Octopussy

Octopussy is a 1983 British spy action movie directed by John Glen and is the 13th movie in the James Bond franchise. It stars Roger Moore, Maud Adams, Louis Jourdan, Kristina Wayborn, Kabir Bedi, Steven Berkoff, Desmond Llewelyn, Geoffrey Keen, Robert Brown, Lois Maxwell and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Other websites
1980s spy movies
1983 action movies
James Bond movies
Roger Moore
Movies set in Germany
Movies set in India
Cold War movies
Movies directed by John Glen
Movies composed by John Barry
B. J. Thomas

Billy Joe "BJ" Thomas (August 7, 1942 - May 29, 2021) was an American country singer-songwriter. Thomas was born in Hugo, Oklahoma.
His most famous songs are "Hooked upon a feeling" and "Raindrops Keep Falling On My Head", which was in the movie Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid. He sang throughout the 1970s. He changed to Christian music in the 1980s. He won a Grammy Award for every year between 1977 until 1981.
In March 2021, Thomas announced that he was diagnosed with stage-4 lung cancer. He died from the disease on May 29, 2021 in Arlington, Texas at the age of 78.
References
1942 births
Singers from Oklahoma
Christian music singers
American country singers
Grammy Award winners
Deaths from lung cancer
2021 deaths
American singer-songwriters
Writers from Oklahoma
American gospel singers
American pop singers
List of Zeebo games

This is a list of video games that came out for the Zeebo. All of these were distributed via digital download.
References
Other websites
Zeebo Inc. Corporate Website
Zeebo Brazil Games Page
Zeebo games list and statistics
Video game lists
States and territories of Australia

States and territories of Australia
States
Territories
Mainland
From 1926 to 1931, Central Australia existed as a separate territory between the 20th and 26th parallels of latitude, before being becoming a part of the Northern Territory again.
Overseas territories
Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Australian Antarctic Territory
Norfolk Island
Christmas Island
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Coral Sea Islands Territory
Heard and McDonald Islands
Former
Territory of North Australia (1927-31)
Territory of Central Australia (1927-31)
Territory of Papua (1902-49)
Territory of New Guinea (1920-49)
Territory of Papua and New Guinea (1949-72)
Background and overview
The states started as separate British colonies before Federation (in 1901). Their powers are protected by the Australian constitution. The territories are under the control of the Commonwealth government. The Australian Parliament has powers to create laws in the territories that it does not have in the states.
Most of the territories are directly administered by the Commonwealth government. Three of the territories (the Northern Territory, the Australian Capital Territory and Norfolk Island) administer themselves. In the territories that govern themselves, the Australian Parliament has the power to govern, and can override laws made by the territorial governments. It has done this at times, but it is rare that it happens. The Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory are usually treated as states.
Each state has a governor. This governor is chosen by the Queen, but she chooses the person on the advice of the state Premier. The Administrators of the Northern Territory and of Norfolk Island are chosen by the Governor-General. The Australian Capital Territory is governed by the Governor-General.
The head of government of each state is called the Premier. This person is chosen by the state's Governor. Normally the Governor will select as Premier whoever leads the lower house of the state Parliament. However, the Governor can chose someone else as Premier. The head of government of the self-governing mainland territories is called the Chief Minister. The Northern Territory's Chief Minister, is normally whoever controls the Legislative Assembly, is appointed by the Administrator.n.
Statistics
Other websites
Maps of Australia
CityMayors article
Groesbeck, Texas

Groesbeck is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Cities in Texas
County seats in Texas
Epoxide

In organic chemistry, an epoxide is a molecule that has a ring with at least three atoms in total, two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom. These three atoms are bonded, or stuck together, in a small ring. The ring of atoms is shaped like a triangle, with all edges of the same length. Because of this small ring, an epoxide is very reactive.
Epoxides can be made by oxidation of alkenes. There are many ways to do this. Usually, a peroxide is used. Some ways can even make only one enantiomer of the epoxide.
Epoxides like to react with nucleophiles. Usually, when an epoxide reacts with a nucleophile, the first thing it does is break one of its chemical bonds between the oxygen atom and the carbon atom. This makes the triangular ring pop open. With the ring open, the nucleophile gets stuck onto one of the carbon atoms. On the other carbon, the left over oxygen attaches to a hydrogen atom, turning into an alcohol. This is very useful, because it is easy to change an alcohol into many other functional groups.
Epoxides are useful because with them very complicated molecules can be made quickly. Epoxides are extremely useful for making many other compounds. That is because oxygen, which is in an epoxide, is such a great functional group. Once you have made an epoxide, you can make alcohols, ethers, and halohydrins, among other things.
Functional groups
Anatoly Chukanov

Anatoly Alekseevich Chukanov (; 10 May 1954 - 12 June 2021) was a Soviet and Russian cyclist. He was part of the Soviet team that won the 100 km team time trial at the 1976 Summer Olympics and 1977 UCI Road World Championships.
References
1954 births
2021 deaths
Soviet Olympic gold medalists
Russian cyclists
Marganell

Marganell is a municipality in the comarca of Bages, Province of Barcelona, in Catalonia, Spain.
Municipalities in Catalonia
Krujë District

The District of Kruje is one of the thirty-six districts of Albania. It is part of Durres County. There are 67,698 people. The capital is Kruje.
References
Districts of Albania
Omar Quintana

Omar Quintana Baquerizo (March 22, 1944 - April 3, 2020) was an Ecuadorian politician and sports businessman. Quintana was born in Quito. He was a member of the Ecuadorian Roldosist Party (PRE) and Institutional Renewal Party of National Action (PRIAN) political parties.
Quintana was in the former National Congress of Ecuador from 2003 to 2005, including as the President of the National Congress from January 5, 2005, until April 20, 2005. Quinata was the former director of C.S. Emelec, a professional football sports club based in Guayaquil.
Quintana died on April 3, 2020 in Guayaquil of COVID-19 at the age of 76.
References
1944 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic
Businesspeople from Guayaquil
Presidents of the National Congress of Ecuador
Politicians from Quito
Sportspeople from Guayaquil
Sportspeople from Quito
Politicians from Guayaquil
Pyramidion

A pyramidion (plural pyramidia) is the very top piece of an Egyptian pyramid. They were called benbenet in the Ancient Egyptian language. In Egypt's Old Kingdom, pyramidia were made of diorite, granite, or limestone. These were then covered in gold or electrum. The gold would reflect the rays of the sun. In later times they were made from granite which had royal titles and religious symbols cut into them.
Very few pyramidia still exist. Most of those that have are made of polished black granite, with the name of the pyramid's owner cut into them. There are four pyramidia on show in the main hall of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. They include the pyramidia from the Black Pyramid of Amenemhat III at Dahshur and the Pyramid of Khendjer at Saqqara.
A badly damaged white Tura limestone pyramidion is thought to have been made for the Red Pyramid of Sneferu at Dahshur. It has been rebuilt and put on show at the side of the pyramid. However it does not match, as its angles are steeper than that of the sides of the pyramid.
Private brick pyramids with pyramidia
During the New Kingdom, some private underground tombs had a small brick pyramid built on top of them. These pyramids were topped with a pyramidia. The four sides included texts and scenes about the cult of the Sun god Ra.
The scenes usually show the course of the sun. It is shown rising on one side, and setting on the opposite side, and traveling, through the night, through the underworld, ruled by Osiris.
Scribe Moses pyramidion
The pyramidion of the scribe Moses was made about 1250 BC from limestone. It is 53 cm tall and shows him making an offering, with his name, on two opposite sides. The other two sides show a baboon which represents the god Thoth.
Ptahemwia pyramidion
The pyramidion of Ptahemwia was made about 1200 BC, from limestone. It is 28 cm wide and 42 cm tall, and shows sun-related scenes. The Sun god, Ra, and the god of the Underworld, Osiris, are shown on one side. On another side is Ptahemwia, standing in an offering pose, facing three columns of hieroglyphs.
Related pages
Washington Monument, which has a solid aluminum pyramidion that serves as a lightning rod.
References
Other websites
Transporting the pyramidion to the top of the Khufu-Pyramid
Ancient Egypt
Architectural elements
Ligament

In anatomy, the word ligament usually means the fibrous tissue that joins bones to other bones or cartilages.
A ligament is a short band of tough fibrous connective tissue made of long, stringy collagen fibres. Ligaments join bones to other bones to form a joint. They do not connect muscles to bones; that is the function of tendons. Some ligaments limit the amount of movement in a joint, or stop certain movements altogether.
Ligaments are only slightly elastic; when under tension, they gradually lengthen. This is one reason why dislocated joints must be set as quickly as possible: if the ligaments lengthen too much, then the joint will be weakened. Athletes, gymnasts, dancers, and martial artists perform stretching exercises to lengthen their ligaments, making their joints more supple.
The result of a broken ligament can be instability of the joint. Not all broken ligaments need surgery, but if surgery is needed to stabilise the joint, the broken ligament can be joined.
References
Skeletal system
Grace Harris

Grace Margaret Harris is a cricketer from Australia. Grace plays for Queensland Fire in the Women's National Cricket League and Brisbane Heat in the Women's Big Bash League. She was born on September 18, 1993.
References
Other websites
Living people
1993 births
Australian cricketers
Sportspeople from Queensland
Virgilina, Virginia

Virgilina, Virginia is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.
Towns in Virginia