pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Laufen, Switzerland

Laufen () is a municipality and the capital of the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Basel-Landschaft
Cities in Switzerland
A Feast for Crows

A Feast for Crows is the fourth of seven planned books in A Song of Ice and Fire, a fantasy series written by George R. R. Martin. The book was first released on 17 October 2005 in the United Kingdom, and in the United States on 8 November 2005.
Like A Storm of Swords, A Feast for Crows was nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Novel, and was also the first book in the series to get to the top of the New York Times bestseller list.
Translations
Bulgarian: Bard (2006): "".
Croatian: Algoritam (2006): "".
Catalan: (2012) "".
Dutch: Luitingh (2006): "".
Finnish: "" (2007).
French: Hardcover: Pygmalion (2006-...): "", "", "".
German: Single volume, Fantasy Productions (2006): "" (to be released). Two volumes, Blanvalet (2006): "", "".
Hungarian: Alexandra (2007): "".
Italian: "" (Volume 1, 2006), "" (Volume 2, 2007).
Polish: "".
Russian: "".
Serbian: Laguna (2006): "".
Spanish: Gigamesh (2007): "".
Awards
Hugo Award - Best Novel (nominated) - (2006)
British Fantasy Award - Best Novel (nominated) - (2006)
Quill Award - Best Novel (Science Fiction & Fantasy) (nominated) - (2006)
A Song of Ice and Fire
2005 books
21st-century American novels
Fantasy books
Joseph Haydar

Joseph Haydar is a weightlifter from Australia. Joseph competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics. He was born on 18 November 1938.
References
Other websites
1938 births
Living people
Australian weightlifters
Australian Olympians
Saint-Gengoulph

Saint-Gengoulph is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Achim Hill

Achim Hill (April 1, 1935 - August 4, 2015) was a German rower. He competed for the Unified Team of Germany in the 1960 Summer Olympics and in the 1964 Summer Olympics and for East Germany in the 1968 Summer Olympics. He was born in Kopenick.
In 1960 he won the silver medal in the single sculls event. Four years later he won his second silver medal in the 1964 single sculls competition. At the 1968 Games he represented East Germany and finished fifth in the single sculls contest.
Other websites
Mention of Achim Hill's death
1935 births
2015 deaths
1968 Summer Olympics
German rowers
East German Olympic silver medalists
Medalists at the 1960 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1964 Summer Olympics
Sportspeople from Berlin
Bolas

Bolas (from Spanish bola, "ball", also known as boleadoras) are a throwing weapon made of weights on the ends of interconnected cords, designed to capture animals by entangling their legs. They are used by the gauchos in South America today, but have been found in excavations of pre-Hispanic settlements, especially in Patagonia, where indigenous peoples used them to catch guanaco and nandu.
Use
Gauchos use boleadoras to capture running cattle or game. The thrower gives the balls momentum by swinging them and then releases the boledoras. The weapon is usually used to entangle the animal's legs, but when thrown with enough force might even break the bone.
Design
There is no uniform design; most bolas have two or three balls, but there are versions of up to 8 or 9 balls. Some bolas have balls of equal weight, others vary the knot and cord. Gauchos use bolas made of leather cords with wooden balls or small leather sacks full of stones at the ends of the cords.
Bolas can be named depending on the amount of weights used:
Perdida (1 weight)
Avestrucera or nanducera (2 weights)
Boleadora (3 weights)
Ka-Lum-Ik-Toun (Inuit name for bolas with 10 or more weights)
Other websites
Inuit Bolas
Boleadoras
Weapons
Aubertin

Aubertin is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Aubertin
Lennart Nilsson

Lennart Nilsson (24 August 1922 - 28 January 2017) was a Swedish photographer. He was known for his photographs of human embryos and other medical subjects once thought not to be photographable. He was also known for his extreme macro photography. His book, A Child Is Born (1965), featured many of his photographs. He was born in Strangnas, Sodermanland County.
Nilsson died on 28 January 2017 at the age of 94.
References
1922 births
2017 deaths
Swedish photographers
Pericyclic reaction

In organic chemistry, a pericyclic reaction is a type of chemical reaction between organic compounds. In the case of pericyclic reactions, the transition state of the molecule is a ring (has a cyclic geometry), and the reaction goes forward in a concerted way. Pericyclic reactions are usually rearrangement reactions. The most important groups of pericyclic reactions are:
Electrocyclic reactions
Cycloadditions
Sigmatropic reactions
Group transfer reactions
Cheletropic reactions
Dyotropic reactions
In general, pericyclic reactions are equilibrium processes. However, it is possible to push the reaction in one direction if the product is at a significantly lower energy level. This is applying Le Chatelier's principle to a reaction involving a single molecule.
Many pericyclic reactions have similar stepwise radical processes connected with them. Chemists disagree whether some reactions are pericyclic reactions. For example, it is not definitively known whether the [2+2] cycloaddition mechanism is concerted (or may depend on the reactive system). Many pericyclic reactions have similar reactions that are metal-catalyzed. But these metal-catalyzed reactions are also not really pericyclic. The metal catalysts stabilize the reaction intermediates. So the reaction is not concerted, but rather metal-stabilized.
A large photoinduced hydrogen sigmatropic shift was utilized in a corrin synthesis performed by Albert Eschenmoser containing a 16p system.
Due to the principle of microscopic reversibility, there is a parallel set of "retro" pericyclic reactions, which perform the reverse reaction.
Pericyclic reactions in biochemistry
Pericyclic reactions also happen in several biological processes:
Claisen rearrangement of chorismate to prephenate in almost all prototrophic organisms.
[1,5]-sigmatropic shift when precorrin-8x is being changed into hydrogenobyrinic acid
non-enzymatic, photochemical electrocyclic ring opening and a (1,7) sigmatropic hydride shift in vitamin D synthesis.
a conversion of Isochorismate into salicylate and Pyruvate in a catalyzed, true pericyclic reaction.
Related pages
Woodward-Hoffmann rules
References
Pericyclic reactions
Rearrangement reactions
Organic Chemistry
Anne Jackson

Anne June Jackson (September 3, 1925 - April 12, 2016), also known as Anne Wallach, was an American movie, television, and stage actress. She was mostly known for her role as a doctor in The Shinning (1980). She was born on September 3, 1926 in Milvale, Pennsylvania. She was educated at the Actors Studio. She was married to Eli Wallach from 1948 until his death in 2014. They had 3 children.
Jackson died on April 12, 2016 at her apartment in Manhattan, New York, aged 90.
References
Other websites
1925 births
2016 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Pennsylvania
B4U Music

B4U Music is an Indian Hindi music channel. It is owned by the B4U Network Limited.
Since 2008, the yearly UK Asian Music Awards have been produced and broadcast by the channel.
Recognition
B4U Music emerged as the No.1 Asian TV channel in UK ratings in January 2022.
References
Japan Media Arts Festival

The Japan Media Arts Festival is a festival held in Japan. They give awards for art, entertainment, animation, and manga.
Entertainment awards
Environmentalism

Environmentalism is both a philosophy and a social movement that is about protecting nature. It advocates helping to preserve, protect, and restore the natural environment from damage. Environmentalists often talk about threats to the earth from pollution, climate change and overpopulation. Environmentalism is both personal and political. In their own lives, environmentalists do things that are better for the earth, such as recycling, using natural products, and supporting businesses that try not to harm the environment. Politically, they support laws that help the environment, like laws against pollution.
The word Environmentalism comes from 'environmental' and '-ism'. 'Environmental' is the chemical, physical, and biological components of the environment while '-ism' is a suffix used to create action nouns out of verbs.
Related pages
Anti-capitalism
Car-free movement
Climate change
Conservation biology
Earth Day
Ecology
Greenwashing
Reforesting
Simple living
Sustainability
United Nations Environment Programme
Voluntary Human Extinction Movement
Further reading
Differing arguments
References
Environmental issues
Green politics
Alexain

Alexain is a commune of 402 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Mayenne
Body thetan

In Scientology, body thetans are immortal spirits of aliens killed by Xenu which put themselves inside the bodies of humans and cause them bad emotions and mental illness. Scientologists believe that people who finish training in the last levels of Scientology can use telepathy to help other people get rid of their body thetans and become happy.
Scientology
Voiceless uvular affricate

The voiceless uvular affricate is a sound used in some spoken languages. It is not in English.
Consonants
Colo, Iowa

Colo is a city in Iowa in the United States.
References
Cities in Iowa
Van Horne House

Van Horne House is a historical building in Somerset County, New Jersey. It was built in 1750. It was called Phil's Hill because it was owned by Philip Van Horne.
The house was the headquarters for two American generals, Benjamin Lincoln in 1777 and William Alexander in (1778-79). It was also used as headquarters by the Heritage Trail Association starting in 2000. It was to the National Register of Historic Places on March 8, 2002.
References
National Register of Historic Places
Jersey City, New Jersey
Houses in the United States
Buildings and structures in New Jersey
Thorkild Simonsen

Thorkild Simonsen (7 July 1926 - 4 September 2022) was a Danish politician. He member of the Social Democrats. He was mayor of Arhus from 1982 to 1997 and Interior Minister of Denmark from 1997 to 2000.
Simonsen died on 4 September 2022, at the age of 96.
References
1926 births
2022 deaths
Danish politicians
Mayors
Vincent Kompany

Vincent Kompany (born 10 April 1986) is a Belgian former football player and football manager of Championship club Burnley.
Club career statistics
|-
|2003/04||rowspan="3"|Anderlecht||rowspan="3"|First Division||29||2
|-
|2004/05||32||2
|-
|2005/06||12||1
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="3"|Hamburger SV||rowspan="3"|Bundesliga||6||0
|-
|2007/08||22||1
|-
|2008/09||1||0
|-
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Manchester City||rowspan="2"|Premier League||34||1
|-
|2009/10||||
73||5
29||1
34||1
136||7
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2004||8||0
|-
|2005||6||0
|-
|2006||2||0
|-
|2007||5||0
|-
|2008||6||0
|-
|2009||2||0
|-
|2010||||
|-
!Total||29||0
|}
References
1986 births
Living people
Belgian footballers
Belgian football managers
People from Brussels-Capital Region
Manchester City F.C. players
Roßtal

Rosstal is a market town in Furth, Bavaria, Germany. As of 2020 it had a population of 10,127.
References
Other websites
Furth (district)
Pianist's Day

World Pianist's Day is a professional holiday for people associated with playing keyboard instruments. It's celebrated annually on November 8th.
Description
On this day concerts and meetings with musicians are held all over the world, pianists congratulate their mentors and "free piano" events are organized. A number of music stores offer discounts on their goods.
History
The tradition to celebrate Pianist Day was founded by a cultural activist Ivan Manko in 2014. In the same year on the November 8, it was celebrated for the first time with the support of famous pianist, laureate of international competitions Alexander Polyakov and other honored artists of Belarus. The following year, the Belarusian State Philharmonic Society joined the celebration. In 2016, Pianist's Day took place at Nanchang Hangkong University in China, where Mr. Polyakov teaches. On the same day in Minsk, pianist Nikolai Panok set a national record for playing the piano continuously. The holiday was held in Russia for the first time in 2018.
In addition to Belarus, Russia and China, the holiday was also celebrated in Austria, Israel and Ukraine.
Literature
References
Other websites
Calendars
Bill Mathis

Bill Mathis (December 10, 1938 - October 20, 2020) was an American college and professional football player. He played for the New York Jets between 1960 to 1969. Mathis was born in Rocky Mount, North Carolina. After his sports career, he became a Wall Street executive.
Mathis died on October 20, 2020 at the age of 81.
References
1938 births
2020 deaths
New York Jets players
Sportspeople from North Carolina
Businesspeople from North Carolina
Sportspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)
Businesspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)
People from Rocky Mount, North Carolina
Jack Ralite

Jack Ralite (14 May 1928 - 12 November 2017) was a French politician. He was elected in 1973 to the Seine-Saint-Denis constituency for the French Communist Party. In 1981 he became Minister for Health and Minister for Employment from 1981 to 1984. In 1984 he became Mayor of Aubervilliers, a post he retained until 2003. He was born in Chalons-en-Champagne, France.
Ralite died in Aubervilliers, France of respiratory failure at the age of 89.
References
1928 births
2017 deaths
French communists
French mayors
Government ministers of France
People from Grand Est
Osborne House

Osborne House is a former royal residence East Cowes on the Isle of Wight, England. It was in purchased by Queen Victoria and Prince Albert in 1845. The solent reminded by Prince Albert of the Gulf of Naples, but the old house was too small for their needs, and the house was demolished and rebuilt by Thomas Cubitt in the Italianate style.
The house became a family home, as Queen Victoria and Prince Albert were determined to bring their children up in a natural and loving environment. Within the grounds was a smaller structure, Swiss Cottage, which was where the royal children played and learned practical skills, such as cooking and farming. The children often entertained their parents here, and Queen Victoria used the simplicity of the cottage to deal with personal correspondence.
Following Prince Albert's death in 1861, Osborne became an effective mausoleum in his memory. Queen Victoria used the house as a retreat away from public life. She died there on 22 January 1901, and her son, King Edward VII, gave the house to the nation. It was used as a naval training school, and then a convalescent home for officers. During the Second World War, Adolf Hitler ordered that the estate was not to be bombed because he wanted to use it as a post-war retreat.
Royal residences in the United Kingdom
Buildings and structures in the Isle of Wight
Wasylów Wielki

Wasylow Wielki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ulhowek. It is within Tomaszow Lubelski County, Lublin Voivodeship which is in eastern Poland. It is close to the border with Ukraine. It is about east of Ulhowek, east of Tomaszow Lubelski and south-east of the regional capital Lublin.
The village has a population of 510.
References
Villages in Poland
Chinese Canadians

Chinese Canadians are Canadians that come from China or have ancestors that came from China. They are part of the Asian Canadians group. This group usually includes immigrants from Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau. Data from StatsCan says that Taiwanese Canadians are a different group of Canadians than Chinese Canadians.
Chinese Canadians are five percent of all Canadians. They are the biggest ethnic group that are part of Asian Canadians. Chinese Canadians make up 40% of Asian Canadian people. Most Chinese Canadians live in Ontario and British Columbia.
References
Overseas Chinese
Ethnic groups in Canada
Harriet Martineau

Harriet Martineau (12 June 1802 - 27 June 1876) was an English social theorist and writer. She is often called the first female sociologist.
She wrote only one book, but many essays. The essays were sociological, religious, domestic, sexual themes, with a feminine perspective. She also translated various works from Auguste Comte. She earned enough to be supported entirely by her writing.
A young Princess Victoria, (later Queen Victoria), enjoyed reading Martineaus's publications. The Queen invited Martineau to her coronation in 1838 - an event which Martineau described, in great and amusing detail, to her many readers. Martineau has said of her own approach to writing: "when one studies a society, one must focus on all its aspects, including key political, religious, and social institutions". She believed a thorough analysis was necessary to understand woman's status under men.
One writer said "as a born lecturer and politician she [Martineau] was less affected by her sex than perhaps any other, male or female, of her generation". Often described as having a masculine intellect and body, Martineau introduced feminist perspectives in her writing on otherwise overlooked issues such as marriage, children, domestic and religious life, and race relations.
Related pages
List of sociologists from Europe
References
1802 births
1876 deaths
British economists
British feminists
English atheists
British sociologists
English writers
English scientists
Unitarians
British historians
British journalists
British philosophers
Feminist writers
People from Norwich
Halloween (2007 movie)

The 2007 version of Halloween is a remake of the 1978 movie of the same name and the ninth in the Halloween franchise. This remake stars Tyler Mane as the adult Michael Myers. The 2007 remake follows the premise of the original movie: Myers stalks Laurie and her friends on Halloween night in Illinois. Despite mostly negative reviews, the 2007 remake grossed well over $80 million, making this the highest grossing Halloween movie of the series.
The movie was directed by Rob Zombie, who also directed a sequel released in 2009.
References
Other websites
2007 movies
2007 horror movies
2000s movie remakes
2000s serial killer movies
American movie remakes
American serial killer movies
Halloween movies
Movies set in Illinois
Movies directed by Rob Zombie
Movies composed by Tyler Bates
Mark Barkan

Mark Barkan (1934 - May 8, 2020) was an American songwriter and record producer. He was also a musical director for the television show The Banana Splits Adventure Hour, which aired between September 7, 1968 and December 13, 1969.
He wrote many songs, including Lesley Gore's Top 5 hit "She's a Fool", the often-covered "Pretty Flamingo", which was a hit single for Manfred Mann in 1966; "I'm Gonna Be Warm This Winter", which was a hit for Connie Francis in 1963 and "The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)" from The Banana Splits.
Barkan died at his home in New York City on May 8, 2020, at age 85.
References
1934 births
2020 deaths
American songwriters
Record producers
Writers from New York City
Businesspeople from New York City
Lexington, Texas

Lexington is a town in Lee County, Tennessee, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town had a population of 1,282.
References
Towns in Texas
The Pied Piper (1942 movie)

The Pied Piper is a 1942 American World War II drama movie directed by Irving Pichel and was based on the novel of the same name by Nevil Shute. It stars Monty Woolley, Roddy McDowall, Anne Baxter, Otto Preminger, J. Carrol Naish, Lester Matthews, Jill Esmond and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for 3 Academy Awards in 1943.
Other websites
1942 drama movies
1942 war movies
1940s American drama movies
World War II movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Irving Pichel
Bernhard Klodt

Bernhard Klodt (born 26 October, 1926) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1949-50||Horst-Emscher||Oberliga||29||8
|-
|1950-51||rowspan="12"|Schalke||rowspan="12"|Oberliga||26||8
|-
|1951-52||28||16
|-
|1952-53||26||9
|-
|1953-54||29||12
|-
|1954-55||26||5
|-
|1955-56||28||13
|-
|1956-57||28||12
|-
|1957-58||27||15
|-
|1958-59||28||9
|-
|1959-60||20||4
|-
|1960-61||14||6
|-
|1961-62||25||12
334||129
334||129
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1950||1||0
|-
|1951||1||0
|-
|1952||3||1
|-
|1953||0||0
|-
|1954||6||1
|-
|1955||0||0
|-
|1956||2||0
|-
|1957||1||0
|-
|1958||4||1
|-
|1959||1||0
|-
!Total||19||3
|}
References
1926 births
1996 deaths
German footballers
Sportspeople from Gelsenkirchen
Argiésans

Argiesans is a commune. It is found in the region Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Territoire de Belfort department in the northeast of France.
References
Communes in Territoire de Belfort
Miguel Blesa

Miguel Blesa de la Parra (8 August 1947 - 19 July 2017) was a Spanish banker. He was the chairman of the Spanish bank Caja Madrid from 1996 to 2010. He was born in Linares, Jaen, Spain.
In February 2017, Blesa received a six-year jail term in connection with the misuse of company credit cards. Cards were misused by a number of people, including Blesa himself, during the many years he was chairman of Caja Madrid.
Blesa was found dead on a private hunting estate near Cordoba, Spain on 19 July 2017, with a shotgun wound to the chest at the age of 69.
References
1947 births
2017 deaths
Deaths by firearm
Spanish businesspeople
Fraudsters
Spanish criminals
Eduard Uspensky

Eduard Nikolayevich Uspensky (; 22 December 1937 -- 14 August 2018) was a Russian author and screenwriter. He wrote many children's books. He was born in Yegoryevsk, Soviet Union.
Among his most beloved characters are a serious but adventurous boy known as Uncle Fyodor from Uncle Fyodor, His Dog and His Cat. He also wrote screenplays, his best known ones were Gena the Crocodile and Plasticine Crow.
Uspensky died in Moscow on 14 August 2018 from liver cancer, aged 80.
References
Other websites
1937 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from liver cancer
Russian novelists
Russian screenwriters
United States Tennis Association

United States Tennis Association' (USTA) is the organization that controls tennis at the national level in the United States. It is a non-profit private organization formed in 1881 to standardize the rules of tennis. It is affiliated with the International Tennis Federation, which is the international governing body of tennis.
At present USTA has more than 700,000 members. Its aim is to promote and develop the game of tennis and to develop better infrastructure for tennis. The USTA runs the Billie Jean King National Tennis Center which hosts the U.S. Open, the last grand slam of the year.
References
Tennis in the United States
Tennis organisations
Non-profit organizations of New York (state)
1881 establishments in the United States
Floris, Iowa

Floris is a city in Davis County, Iowa, United States. The population was 138 at the 2010 census.
History
A post office was opened at Floris in 1847.
Other sources
Cities in Iowa
Davis County, Iowa
De Lutte

De Lutte (Low Saxon: De Lut) is a village in the municipality of Losser, the Netherlands.
It lies in Twente, a region in the Province of Overijssel.
The village borders Germany.
As of 2021, about 3,900 people were living in De Lutte.
Settlements in Overijssel
Losser
2014 Football League Cup Final

The 2014 Football League Cup Final was a football match. It took place on 2 March 2014 at Wembley Stadium, London. It was the last match of the 2013-14 Football League Cup.
The final was played between Premier League clubs, Manchester City and Sunderland. This was Manchester City's fourth League Cup final. It was their sixth Wembley visit since 2011. This was Sunderland's second League Cup final. It was their first visit to Wembley since 1998.
Sources
2014 in association football
Football League Cup
2014 in England
2010s in London
Nancy Thompson (A Nightmare on Elm Street)

Nancy Thompson (named Nancy Holbrook in the 2010 reboot) is a fictional character in the A Nightmare on Elm Street franchise.
She was played by actress Heather Langenkamp in the original movie series and by Rooney Mara in the 2010 remake.
Nancy is the first person to battle Freddy Krueger and survive. In A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors (1987), Nancy helps the last of the Elm Street children with their battle against Freddy. In Wes Craven's New Nightmare (1994), Heather Langenkamp must become Nancy once again to put an end to an entity possessing Freddy in the "real world".
The character received strong positive reviews and is often called a cultural icon of the 1980s America.
References
A Nightmare on Elm Street
Horror movie characters
Fictional American people
Fictional characters introduced in 1984
Abd al-Aziz Ibn Baz

Abd al-Aziz ibn Abdullah Bin Baz ( 'Abd al-'Aziz bin 'Abdullah bin Baz) (21 November 1912 - 13 May 1999), also known as Sheikh Bin Baz, was a Saudi Arabian Islamic scholar. He dedicated his life to the spiritual guidance of his students and the Muslim community at large, and was particularly concerned with the state of the Islamic world. He was the Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia from 1993 until his death in 1999. He was got King Faisal International Prize for Service to Islam in 1982.
His intense knowledge of Islamic doctrine and shar'ia and significant contributions to Islamic research and education gained him the respect of Muslims worldwide.
References
Other websites
BURKE'S REDEMPTIVE CYCLE OF RHETORIC APPLIED TO EIGHT FATWAS ISSUED BY SAUDI ARABIA REGARDING SAUDI PARTICIPATION IN THE FIRST Persian GULF WAR, BY SYDNEY PASQUINELL; see Appendix for English language texts of the Eight Fatwas.
1910 births
1999 deaths
People from Riyadh
Imams
Grand Muftis of Saudi Arabia
Saint-Léger-lès-Domart

Saint-Leger-les-Domart is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Unknown Worlds Entertainment

Unknown Worlds Entertainment is an independent game development company. It is based in San Francisco, California. The company wants to "unite the world through play". They are best known for Natural Selection.
History
Unknown Worlds was created in 2001. They started development of a free mod Natural Selection.
They decided to create the second game Natural Selection 2. They soon after officially created Unknown Worlds Entertainment. To help raise money for Natural Selection 2, they created Zen of Sudoku in November 2006. Soon after, a small group of investors backed the project after a meeting at GDC in San Francisco.
In October 2006, Max McGuire became the first employee. He became the Technical Director. A year later, they released Decoda, a commercial debugger. The studio later switched from the Source Engine to their own engine, which was named "Evolution". It was later changed to "Spark" because "Evolution" was already being used.
In June 2008, Cory Strader was hired as an art director. In May 2009, Unknown Worlds started to accept pre-orders for the game. Natural Selection 2 was released on October 31, 2012.
On December 17, 2013, they announced Subnautica. Charlie Cleveland was the game director and lead gameplay. Hugh Jeremy was the producer. They decided to switch to the Unity game engine. It was released on Steam Early Access on December 16, 2014. It is planned for Xbox One. It was released in August 2016.
In October 2021, South Korean video game developer Krafton announced that it would acquire Unknown Worlds and continue to operate as an independent game studio.
Games
Natural Selection (2002)
Zen of Sudoku (2006)
Natural Selection 2 (2012)
Subnautica (2016)
Subnautica Below Zero (2021)
Future Perfect (TBA)
Awards
Natural Selection
2002 : Best Newcomer - 'Mod of the Year' Awards, Mod Database
2002 : Mod of the Year - 'Game of the Year' Awards, Gamespy
2003 : Most Improved Mods - 'Mod of the Year' Awards, Mod Database
2003 : Mods You Should Never Leave Home Without - 'Mod of the Year' Awards, Mod Database
2003 : Best Overall Mods - 'Mod of the Year' Awards, Mod Database
2004 : Best Level Design - 'Mod of the Year' Awards, Mod Database
2005 : Players' Choice #10 - 'Mod of the Year' Awards, Mod Database
2006 : Honourable Mention - 'Mod of the Year' Awards, Mod Database
Natural Selection 2
2012 : Best Indie Game - PC Gamer's Best of E3 Awards
2012 : Best Indie Game - Gamespy's Best of E3 Awards
2012 : Best PC Multiplayer Game (People's Choice) - IGN Best of 2012 Awards
References
American video game companies
Companies based in San Francisco
Abaurregaina

Abaurregaina is a municipality found in the province and autonomous community of Navarre, in Spain.
Municipalities in Navarre
Golden Globe Award for Best Director – Motion Picture

The Golden Globe Award for Best Director - Motion Picture is an annual award. It is for a director of a movie. It is part of the Golden Globe Awards. The directors with the most nominations are Steven Spielberg and Martin Scorsese.
Nominations and Awards
1940s
1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
2020s
Multiple nominations
13 nominations
Steven Spielberg (13/2)
9 nominations
Martin Scorsese (9/3)
7 nominations
Clint Eastwood (7/3)
Fred Zinnemann (7/2)
6 nominations
Francis Ford Coppola (6/2)
Sidney Lumet (6/1)
5 nominations
Woody Allen (5/0)
John Huston (5/2)
Stanley Kramer (5/1)
Mike Nichols (5/1)
Billy Wilder (5/2)
Robert Wise (5/0)
4 nominations
Robert Altman (4/1)
David Fincher (4/1)
Milos Forman (4/3)
Peter Jackson (4/1)
Elia Kazan (4/4)
Stanley Kubrick (4/0)
David Lean (4/3)
Ang Lee (4/2)
Alexander Payne (4/0)
Robert Redford (4/1)
Rob Reiner (4/0)
Ridley Scott (4/0)
Oliver Stone (4/3)
Quentin Tarantino (4/0)
Peter Weir (4/0)
William Wyler (4/1)
3 nominations
Hal Ashby (3/0)
Richard Attenborough (3/1)
Bernardo Bertolucci (3/1)
James L. Brooks (3/0)
George Cukor (3/1)
Ron Howard (3/0)
Alejandro Gonzalez Inarritu (3/1)
James Ivory (3/0)
Norman Jewison (3/0)
Sam Mendes (3/2)
Anthony Minghella (3/0)
Vincente Minnelli (3/1)
Alan Parker (3/0)
Sydney Pollack (3/0)
John Schlesinger (3/0)
George Stevens (3/0)
2 nominations
Kathryn Bigelow (2/0)
Peter Bogdanovich (2/0)
John Boorman (2/0)
Richard Brooks (2/0)
James Cameron (2/2)
Jane Campion (2/1)
George Clooney (2/0)
Joel Coen (2/0)
Alfonso Cuaron (2/2)
Stephen Daldry (2/0)
Bob Fosse (2/0)
William Friedkin (2/2)
John Frankenheimer (2/0)
Mel Gibson (2/1)
Roland Joffe (2/0)
Spike Lee (2/0)
Barry Levinson (2/0)
Joshua Logan (2/1)
George Lucas (2/0)
David Lynch (2/0)
Joseph L. Mankiewicz (2/0)
Robert Mulligan (2/0)
Christopher Nolan (2/0)
Roman Polanski (2/1)
Otto Preminger (2/0)
Martin Ritt (2/0)
David O. Russell (2/0)
Mark Rydell (2/0)
Steven Soderbergh (2/0)
Barbra Streisand (2/1)
Peter Yates (2/0)
Edward Zwick (2/0)
Multiple winners
4 awards
Elia Kazan
3 awards
Clint Eastwood
Milos Forman
David Lean
Martin Scorsese
Oliver Stone
2 awards
James Cameron
Francis Ford Coppola
Alfonso Cuaron
William Friedkin
John Huston
Ang Lee
Sam Mendes
Steven Spielberg
Billy Wilder
Fred Zinnemann
References
Golden Globe Awards
Al Wakrah

Al Wakrah () is a city in Qatar. Al Wakrah's eastern edge is the shore of the Persian Gulf and Qatar's capital city Doha is situated north of the city. It is governed by Sheikh Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani. It was originally a small fishing and pearling village. Over the years, it evolved into a small city with a population of more than 80,000 and is currently considered to be the second-largest city in Qatar.
It has undergone extensive development and growth since the 21st century began while also being slowly merged by rapidly expanding Doha from the north. Notable milestones in the city's modern history include the May 2019 inauguration of Al Janoub Stadium, a stadium that will be used for the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar, the opening of Al Wakrah Heritage Village in 2016, the Al Wakrah Main Road Project which is set to be completed in 2020, and the city's integration into the Doha Metro's Red Line.
Situated off the Persian Gulf to the east, Al Wakrah is approximately 15 km (9.3 mi) south of the capital city Doha, 72 km (45 mi) south of Al Khor, 21 km (13 mi) north of Mesaieed, 36 km (22 mi) southeast of Umm Salal Mohammed, and 100 km (62 mi) southeast of Dukhan.
The city has two public beaches and a mall named Ezdan Mall, which was completed in late 2016.
References
Cities in Asia
Geography of Qatar
Danish resistance movement

The Danish Resistance Movement was an underground movement organized to resist the Nazi German occupation of Denmark during World War II. Due to the initially lenient arrangements, in which the Nazi occupation authority allowed the democratic government to stay in power, the resistance movement was slower to develop effective tactics on a wide scale than in some other countries.
By 1943, many Danes were involved in underground activities, ranging from producing illegal publications to spying and sabotage. Major groups included the communist BOPA (Danish: Borgerlige Partisaner, Civil Partisans) and Holger Danske, both based in Copenhagen. Resistance agents killed an estimated 400 Danish Nazis, informers and collaborators until 1944. After that date, they also killed some German nationals.
In the postwar period, the Resistance was supported by politicians within Denmark and there was little effort to closely examine the killings. Studies were made in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, and people learned that there was sometimes improvised and contingent decision making about the targets, with some morally ambiguous choices.
In popular media
Books
Lowry, Lois Number The Stars (1989) historical fiction, in English, 1990 Newberry Award winner
Films
"Miracle at Midnight" (1998), a Disney made-for-TV movie starring Sam Waterson and Mia Farrow, dramatizing a true story of Danish citizens rescuing the Jewish population in Septemer 1943.
20th century in Denmark
Resistance movements of World War II
Lorimor, Iowa

Lorimor is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Robert B. Pirie Jr.

Robert B. Pirie Jr. (born September 10, 1933) is a retired United States Navy officer and politician. He was born in San Diego, California. Pirie served as acting United States Secretary of the Navy until the nomination and confirmation of an appointee by President George W. Bush from January to September 2001.
References
Other websites
Official Navy biography
1933 births
Living people
United States Secretaries of the Navy
Politicians from San Diego, California
Military people from California
List of U.S. states by traditional abbreviation

This is a list of traditional abbreviations for U.S. states and territories These abbreviations (short names) were used in mailing addresses before the introduction of two-letter U.S. postal abbreviations. The traditional abbreviations are still commonly used in other ways besides mailing addresses. For example, they can be used in writing after a city (like in "Miami, Fla."). In 1987 the Secretary of Commerce switched to the two-letter State Alpha Code for state abbreviations.
States
Territories
References
The Riverside Publishing Company. (1984). Webster's II New Riverside University Dictionary.
Chicago Manual of Style and AP Style Manual state abbreviations
FIPS State Codes of the US and Outlying Areas
Traditional abbreviation, List of U.S. states by
Raytheon

Raytheon Company is an American defense contractor and industrial corporation. It makes military weapons and commercial electronics. It is the world's largest producer of guided missiles. Raytheon was set up in 1922.
References
Companies based in Massachusetts
Electronics companies of the United States
Military organizations
Anaerobic respiration

Anaerobic respiration is a form of respiration which does not use oxygen. Elements other than oxygen are used for electron transport. Common replacements for oxygen are nitrates, iron, manganese, sulfates, sulfur, fumaric acid and carbon dioxide. Escherichia coli uses nitrates and fumaric acid for respiration.
For the electron transport chain to work, there must be a final electron acceptor at the end of the chain. This allows electrons to pass through the chain. In aerobic organisms, this final electron acceptor is oxygen. Molecular oxygen is a highly oxidizing agent and so it is an excellent acceptor. In anaerobes, other less-oxidizing substances such as sulphate (SO42-), nitrate (NO3-), sulphur (S) are used. These terminal electron acceptors have smaller reduction potentials than O2, so less energy is released per oxidized molecule. Anaerobic respiration is therefore less efficient than aerobic respiration except, of course, when oxygen is scarce or not apparent.
If there is no oxygen present, glycolysis is still able to happen. Pyruvic acid is still produced, but instead of proceeding to the Krebs cycle, lactic acid is formed making small amounts of ATP. An example of this is when exercising: if the body is not able to get enough oxygen to the muscles, they will make lactic acid. This is what makes the muscles sore.
If oxygen is not used at all, the process is called fermentation. Examples of organisms using fermentation are lactic acid bacteria, and yeast. Yeast is a fungi, not bacteria.
The equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast and bacteria:
Glucose -> Carbon dioxide + ethanol
The equation for anaerobic respiration in animals is:
glucose -> lactic acid (C6H12O6 -> 2C3H6O3)
After producing lactic acid more oxygen then in normal respiration is required to break it down (oxygen debt).
References
Cellular respiration
New Brunswick

New Brunswick (postal abbreviation NB) is a province in the eastern part of Canada. The capital city of New Brunswick is Fredericton. Other large cities are Saint John and Moncton. More than 750,000 people live in New Brunswick.
The province is bordered by Quebec in the west, Nova Scotia in the east and the American state of Maine in the south. There is a link to Prince Edward Island also.
The English and French languages are both spoken in New Brunswick, and it is the only province in Canada where both languages are official. This is because about 33% of the people living in New Brunswick speak French.
Some industries including forestry, mining, and farming are important to the province, and especially fishing since it is near the Atlantic Ocean.
References
Other websites
Official site of the Government of New Brunswick
Official site of Tourism New Brunswick
New Brunswick at the Department of Canadian Heritage
Maritime Tourism
Symbols of New Brunswick
New Brunswick Museum
New Brunswick Lighthouses
Historical and Genealogical Resources of New Brunswick historical census, birth, marriage and death records, immigration, settlement, biography, cemeteries, burial records, land records, First Nations and more
From Louis to Lord: New Brunswick Elections, 1960-2003
Tiangong-1

Tiangong-1 was China's first space station. It was launched into orbit in 2011 and stayed in space until 2018. Three spacecraft visited the station when it was in orbit. These included two missions with people.
It was followed by Tiangong-2 which was China's second space station.
Space stations
Richard C. Clark

Richard Clarence "Dick" Clark (born September 14, 1928) is an American politician. He represented the state of Iowa in the United States Senate from 1973 to 1979 as a member of the Democratic Party.
As senator, he served on the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, the Committee on Environment and Public Works and the Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship.
Clark was known for his efforts against the apartheid government in South Africa, his opponent, Roger Jepsen, called him "the Senator from Africa"
Clark was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
References
Other websites
Congressional Biography
Description of Dick Clark's papers at the University of Iowa
1928 births
Living people
United States senators from Iowa
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Nefastus Dies

Nefastus Dies is a Canadian black and death metal band from Montreal, Quebec.
The band was formed in 2005 and released a demo in 2005 titled Prelude. The band went on a promotional tour across Ontario & Quebec from January 11 to 19, 2006. They recorded their first full-length album titled Urban Cancer in 2006. They released the album on June 10, 2008 through Candlelight USA. The band then released their second demo titled Interlude in 2009 which was an independent internet only release.
The Metal Observer rated Prelude a 9.5 out of 10.
Band members
Current
Void - Guitars
Auriel - Bass (2003-2005), Guitars (2005-present)
Scythrawl - Drums (2005-present)
Tim Sanders - Bass (2008-present)
Former
Tommy McKinnon - Drums (2003-2005)
Betrayal - Guitars, vocals (2003-2005)
Iraabbas - Keyboards (2003-2007)
Ill-Fate - Vocals (2005-2009)
Discography
Albums
Prelude (Demo) (2005)
Urban Cancer (Full-length) (2006)
Interlude (Demo) (2009)
References
Other websites
Nefastus Dies on MySpace
Nefastus Dies on Discogs
2000s music groups
2005 establishments in North America
Canadian black metal bands
Canadian death metal bands
Canadian heavy metal bands
People from Montreal
Musical groups established in 2005
Howell, Michigan

Howell is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the largest city and county seat of Livingston County. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 9,489.
References
Cities in Michigan
County seats in Michigan
Marajó

Marajo is an island in Brazil at the mouth of the Amazon River. It is part of the state of Para.
Marajo has a land area of 40,100 km2 (15,500 sq mi). That is similar in size to Switzerland. The island is almost completely surrounded by fresh water. Large parts of the island are flooded during the wet season because of higher water levels of the Amazon River.
The most important towns are in the southeast of the island: Soure, Salvaterra, and the largest city, Breves.
References
Atlantic islands
Islands of South America
Geography of Brazil
Hippias (tyrant)

Hippias of Athens () lived in Athens in the 6th century BC. He was one of the sons of Peisistratus, the ruler of Athens. Hippias succeeded Peisistratus in 527 BC. and became tyrant of Athens.
His brother Cleisthenes was murdered in 514 BC. Hippias' behavior changed. He became cruel and angry, executing people in revenge, and taking away the freedom of people. He also was afraid of threats from the aristocrats. In the end his uncle Cleisthenes decided to overthrow Hippias and gain power for himself and his family. Hippias was captured and sent into exile, away from Athens forever in 510 BC.
Hippias fled to Persia, and the Persians threatened to attack Athens if they did not accept Hippias. The Athenians preferred to remain democratic despite the danger from Persia. Soon after, the Ionian Revolt against Persian rule began in the Greek colonies in Asia Minor. It was put down in 494 BC, but Darius I of Persia was keen to punish Athens for its role in the revolt. In 490 BC Hippias, still in the service of the Persians, led Darius to Marathon, in Greece. The Battle of Marathon began a series of Greek victories which made Athens and its colonies successful. The next 200 years saw flowering of the classical Greek civilisation.
References
Ancient Greeks
Ancient Athens
Judah Lewis

Judah Lewis (born ) is an American actor. He is known for his main roles in the movies The Babysitter, its sequel The Babysitter: Killer Queen, and Demolition.
References
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American child actors
2000s births
Ronald J. Shurer

Ronald J. Shurer II (December 7, 1978 - May 14, 2020) was a former United States Army Special Forces staff sergeant and medic. He was born in Fairbanks, Alaska.
He was a senior medical sergeant during the Battle of Shok Valley in April 2008. He and his team were attacked by an enemy force of more than 200 fighters. Shurer fought for more than an hour to reach part of his unit.
He was initially awarded a Silver Star for this action, but in 2016 The Pentagon upgraded this recognition to a Medal of Honor. He received the medal in a White House ceremony on October 1, 2018.
Shurer died on May 14, 2020 of lung cancer-related problems at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, aged 41.
References
1978 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
Military people from Alaska
Medal of Honor recipients
People from Fairbanks, Alaska
Hagarville, Arkansas

Hagarville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Johnson County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 129 at the 2010 census.
References
Census-designated places in Arkansas
Marsangy

Marsangy is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Kohlu District

The Kohlu District is an administrative division in the Balochistan province in Pakistan.
Tehsils of Kohlu
Kahan Tehsil
Kohlu Tehsil
Maiwand Tehsil
Districts of Balochistan (Pakistan)
1956 United States presidential election

The 1956 United States presidential election happened on November 6, 1956. President Dwight D. Eisenhower won reelection to a second term. He defeated former Governor of Illinois Adlai Stevenson in a rematch of the 1952 presidential election.
Incumbent president Dwight D. Eisenhower won the election by 457 electoral votes. Adlai Stevenson got 73 electoral votes. Walter Burgwyn Jones got one vote by a faithless elector in Alabama.
This was the last election in which Alaska and Hawaii were not states.
Eisenhower suffered a heart attack in September 1955 while in Colorado for a vacation. His doctors told him not to run for another election. However, Eisenhower announced his candidacy for re-election on television in early 1956.
References
Other websites
Presidential election
United States presidential elections
Cármen Lúcia

Carmen Lucia Antunes Rocha (; 19 April 1954) is a Brazilian jurist. She is a member of the Supreme Federal Court since 2006.
She is the second woman to have been chosen as a justice for the Court and Chief Justice and a professor of Constitutional Law at Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais.
She was nominated by former President of Brazil Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva. She is known for her firm stance regarding women's rights.
She was President of the Superior Electoral Court of Brazil. She was the President of the Supreme Federal Court. She became Acting President from April 13, 2018 until April 14 of the same year.
References
Presidents of the Supreme Federal Court
1954 births
Living people
City car

City car is a term used for an automobile that is shorter than a typical subcompact car, in the A-segment group. They're also referred to as an urban car because they're intended for short distances. The most common city cars are the Fiat 500, the Chevrolet Spark and Ford Ka (only sold outside the US).
Automobile body styles
Gassan Shrine

Gassan Shrine is a Shinto shrine located on Mount Gassan in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. It used to be a highly ranked national shrine in the Modern system of ranked Shinto Shrines. The main deity worshipped here is Tsukuyomi-no-Mikoto. The shrine was established in the year 593.
The shrine celebrates its main festival every year on August 14th.
Mount Gassan is the highest of the Three Mountains of Dewa and is known for its stunning natural beauty. The mountain is home to many unique plants and other vegetation. The path to the peak of Mt. Gassan is the second-highest point in the Shonai Region of Japan. However, due to the heavy snowfall, the mountain can usually only be accessed from late spring to early fall.
Related pages
Mount Gassan
Three Mountains of Dewa
Chokai gassan ryosho-gu
External links
Dewa Sanzan official website
References
Mountain faith
Myojin Taisha
Kanpei-taisha
Beppyo shrines
Coordinates on Wikidata
Articles containing Japanese-language text
Three Mountains of Dewa