pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
White-tailed deer

The white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), also known as the whitetail or Virginia deer, is a type of deer that is found throughout most of North America, and only some in South America. The white-tailed deer were also brought over to Europe and New Zealand.
The white-tailed deer is normally between around 57 and 137 kilograms (125 to 301 pounds) in weight. Its body is between 160 and 220 centimeters (63 to 86 inches) long. It is mostly colored brown, but can also be greyish in winter and reddish in summer. Male white-tailed deer have large antlers. These fall off in the winter. The white-tailed deer mostly lives between two and three years long. Sometimes, though, they will live for more than ten years. They typically live happy lives until Anna hits them with her car.
This type of deer is quite shy. When they are scared, they run very fast, and wave their tails. They mostly stay alone and in the same location throughout the year. During the autumn, the deer engage in mating.
They mostly eat vegetation like tree leaves or smaller plants. The deer feed mostly during the morning and evening.
Predators of the white-tailed deer include wolves, coyotes, bears and mountain lions, as well as humans.
References
Mammals of North America
Deer
National symbols of Costa Rica
Sveriges Radio

Sveriges Radio is the government-operated radio station in Sweden. Regular broadcast began on 1 January 1925.
Main channels
Sveriges Radio P1
Sveriges Radio P2
Sveriges Radio P3
Sveriges Radio P4
Other websites
Sveriges Radio
1925 establishments in Sweden
Entertainment in Sweden
Radio stations in Europe
1100s

Events and trends
The Ancient Pueblo Peoples culture rises (approximate date).
The great Buddhist centre of learning at Nalanda is destroyed by invaders.
The city of Cusco, Peru is founded.
Emperor Huizong of Song starts to rule in China.
1102 Boleslaw III becomes king of Poland.
The Hohenbaden castle is built in Baden-Baden, Germany.
1104 The volcano Hekla erupts in Iceland, destroying settlements.
1107 Emperor Toba ascends the throne of Japan.
Mike Jakubo (ice hockey)

Michael Paul Jakubo (July 7, 1947 - April 4, 2019) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. He played as a left winger. He played for the Los Angeles Sharks in the World Hockey Association. He was also a member of the independent team called the London Lions which played the 1973-74 season against the top European hockey teams. He was born in Sudbury, Ontario.
Jakubo died on April 4, 2019 in Sudbury, Ontario from problems caused by Alzheimer's disease. He was 71.
References
Other websites
1947 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Ice hockey people from Ontario
The Kennedys (miniseries)

The Kennedys was an American-Canadian 2011 Emmy Award-winning miniseries.
About
The Kennedy's was about the political career and the personal life of John F. Kennedy, Robert F. Kennedy, and Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr.. The show was about how Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr. made John F. Kennedy win his election for President.
As the show continued, they show the difficulties of Kennedy's presidency, Joseph's stroke and rough relationship with Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, and the assassination of both John and Robert Kennedy. The show also featured John's relationship with his wife Jacqueline Kennedy.
Cast
Greg Kinnear as John F. Kennedy
Katie Holmes as Jacqueline Kennedy
Barry Pepper as Robert F. Kennedy
Tom Wilkinson as Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr.
Diana Hardcastle as Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy
Chris Diamantopoulos as Frank Sinatra
Charlotte Sullivan as Marilyn Monroe
Kristin Booth as Ethel Kennedy
Serge Houde as Sam Giancana
Enrico Colantoni as J. Edgar Hoover
Don Allison as Lyndon B. Johnson
Rothaford Gray as Abraham Bolden
Gabriel Hogan as Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr.
Awards and nominations
References
Other websites
at History Television
at History UK
at ReelzChannel
2011 American television series debuts
2011 American television series endings
Emmy Award winning programs
English-language television programs
John F. Kennedy
American political drama television series
Great Plains Narrowmouth Toad

The Great Plains Narrowmouth Toad (Gastrophryne olivacea) is a species of toads. They belong to the family Microhylidae. They live in south central United States. They can be found in Nebraska, Texas and northern Mexico. They are not "true toads". They are territorial.
References
Database entry includes a range map and justification for why this species is of least concern
Herps of Texas: Gastrophryne olivacea
Amphibian Species of the World: Gastrophryne olivacea
Toads
Frogs of North America
Verbandsgemeinde

A Verbandsgemeinde (plural Verbandsgemeinden) is an administrative unit unique to the German Bundeslands (federal states) of Rhineland-Palatinate and, since 2009, Saxony-Anhalt.
Rhineland-Palatinate
There are 163 Verbandsgemeinden in Rhineland-Palatinate, which are grouped into the 24 districts and subdivided into nearly 2200 Ortsgemeinden.
Most of these Verbandsgemeinden were established in 1969. Formerly the name of the administrative units was Amt. Most of the functions of municipal government for several villages are consolidated and administered centrally from a larger or more central village among the group, while the individual villages (Ortsgemeinden) still maintain a limited degree of local autonomy.
Districts
The 24 districts:
Settlements in Rhineland-Palatinate
Settlements in Saxony-Anhalt
Collective municipalities in Germany
Countryside, Illinois

Countryside is a city in Illinois in the United States.
Cities in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Smile (band)

Smile was a rock band which preceded the rock band Queen. It formed in 1967. The members were Brian May (guitar), Roger Taylor (drums) and Tim Staffell (bass and vocals). When Tim Staffell left the band in 1970, Freddie Mercury replaced him and the band became Queen. John Deacon joined in 1971.
Queen (band)
Avondance

Avondance is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Middelfart

Middelfart is a town in central Denmark. In 2022, 16,277 people lived there. It is on the island of Funen ().
Twin towns
Middelfart is twinned with:
Barmstedt, Germany
Habo, Sweden
Korsholm, Finland
Mandal, Norway
Oskarshamn, Sweden
Notable people
Frederik Julius Bech (1758-1822), a Danish-Norwegian theologian and politician
Kristian Jensen (born 1971), a politician and government minister
Rasmus Quist Hansen (born 1980), a rower, gold and bronze Olympic medallist
Christian Eriksen (born 1992), a football player (Manchester United)
Rasmus Falk (born 1992), a football player
References
Towns in Denmark
Region of Southern Denmark
Mugena

Mugena is a village and former municipality of the district Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.
On 13 March 2005 the former municipalities of Breno, Arosio, Fescoggia, Mugena and Vezio merged into the new municipality of Alto Malcantone.
Former municipalities of Ticino
Villages in Ticino
Polstead Heath

Polstead Heath is a hamlet in Polstead, Babergh, Suffolk, England. A chapel was built in 1838. It also has three listed buildings, including Spencer's Farmhouse, The Orchards and White House Farmhouse. In "The Dentists Register 1999" there was a dentist at Spencers Farm. A developer (someone who plans housing) wanted to add some housing in Polstead Heath, but this was not wanted. There is also a 19th century orchard in Polstead Heath.
References
Settlements in Babergh
Hamlets in Suffolk
Cheap Trick

Cheap Trick are a rock band from Illinois, USA. They were very popular in the 1970s and 80s. Some of their hits include: Surrender, Dream Police and I Want You to Want Me. They are still very big in Japan and are called the "American Beatles" in Japan.
Studio albums
Cheap Trick (1977)
In Color (1977)
Heaven Tonight (1978)
Dream Police (1979)
All Shook Up (1980)
One on One (1982)
Next Position Please (1983)
Standing on the Edge (1985)
The Doctor (1986)
Lap of Luxury (1988)
Busted (1990)
Woke up with a Monster (1994)
Cheap Trick (1997)
Special One (2003)
Rockford (2006)
The Latest (2009)
Bang, Zoom, Crazy... Hello (2016)
We're All Alright! (2017)
Christmas Christmas (2017)
1973 establishments in the United States
1970s American music groups
1970s establishments in Illinois
1980s American music groups
1990s American music groups
2000s American music groups
2010s American music groups
American hard rock bands
American pop music groups
American rock bands
Musical groups established in 1973
Musical groups from Illinois
Rockford, Illinois
Warner Bros. Records artists
2013 Western Australian state election

The 2013 Western Australian state election was held on 9 March 2013 to elect the 39th Parliament of Western Australia, including all 59 seats in the Legislative Assembly and all 36 seats in the Legislative Council.
The incumbent Liberal-National Coalition government, led by Premier Colin Barnett and Brendan Grylls, was re-elected in a landslide. They were opposed by the Labor Party, led by Mark McGowan. For the first time since 1996, the Liberals won a majority of seats in their own right, technically not requiring support from the Nationals.
References
2013 elections
Elections in Western Australia
Tyrol (region)

For other uses, see Tyrol.
Tyrol (German: Tirol, Italian: Tirolo, Ladin: Tirol) is a (historical) region in the Alps. It is the very northern part of Italy and a western part of Austria.
It borders to the Italian region of Lombardy, the Swiss canton of Graubunden and the Austrian state of Vorarlberg in the west, the German state of Bavaria in the north, the Austrian states of Salzburg and Carinthia in the east, and the Italian region of Veneto in the south.
The region of Tyrol is similar to the former County of Tyrol. This county was part of Austria-Hungary till 1919. After World War I it was divided between Austria (North Tyrol) and Italy (South Tyrol). Nowadays these expressions have different meanings (see below).
It is split up into:
A. Tyrol (state) (a state of Austria):
East Tyrol (Osttirol)
North Tyrol (Nordtirol)
B. Trentino-Alto Adige/Sudtirol (a region of Italy):
Province of Bolzano-Bozen (Provincia autonoma di Bolzano - Alto Adige / Autonome Provinz Bozen - Sudtirol) or South Tyrol (Sudtirol / Sudtirolo) or Alto Adige
Province of Trento (Provincia autonoma di Trento) or Trentino
Since 1996 the region of Tyrol has been a Euroregion, called Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino Euroregion (German: Europaregion Tirol-Sudtirol-Trentino, Italian: Euregio Tirolo-Alto Adige-Trentino).
The region of Tyrol is also divided into three languages. In East and North Tyrol German is spoken. South Tyrol is primarily German with a little Italian and Ladin, Trentino is primarily Italian with a little German and Ladin.
The region of Tyrol is a very mountainous area. It belongs to three ranges of the Eastern Alps. A great part of the Southern Limestone Alps (among them the Dolomite Alps) and also a southern part of the Central Eastern Alps cover the Italian part of Tyrol, whereas the middle of the Central Eastern Alps and a great part of the Northern Limestone Alps (among them the southern Allgau Alps) cover the Austrian part of Tyrol.
Several well-known geographical locations lie in Tyrol. For example the Brenner Pass, a mountain pass on the border of Austria and Italy, Lake Garda, the biggest lake of Italy and partially in Tyrol, and various places, in the state of Tyrol: Innsbruck (its capital) and Lienz, and in Trentino-Alto Adige/Sudtirol: Trento (its capital), Bolzano / Bozen and Merano.
Other websites
Website of Tyrol-South Tyrol-Trentino Euroregion
Alps
Family values

When people talk about family values, they often mean a traditional family:
The father has a job, and provides most of the family income
The mother raises the children. Ideally, she does not do any other work.
Mother and father are married
This became the most common form of a family, in the United States in the 1960s and 1970s.
Another comomn form is called extended family: Several generations of people who are related, live together: For example, the grandparents live in the same household, and help with raising the children.
People who talk about family values usually see it as bad that people get divorced, or that there are single-parent families.
References
Family
Ajac

Ajac is a commune of 196 people (1999). It is in the region Languedoc-Roussillon in the Aude department in the south of France.
Communes in Aude
Taichung’s 7th Redevelopment Zone

Taichung's 7th Redevelopment Zone()(7th Redevelopment Zone)located in Xitun District and Nantun District, this area have many apartment, department store and office.
References
Geography of Taiwan
Common big-eyed tree frog

The common big-eyed tree frog (Nyctimystes narinosus) is a group of species of tree frog from Papua New Guinea. Scientists saw it on Mount Hagen in the Wahgi Valley region more than 2400 meters (8000 feet) above sea level.
The female frog is 6.4 cm long. It has side-to-side marks on its lower eyelid. The skin of the dead, preserved frog is darker brown on the back and lighter brown on the belly. It has much less webbing on its toes than other frogs in Nyctimystes.
In the local Kaironk language, this frog is called mabas, but other frogs are called by this name too.
References
Frogs of Oceania
Pukhrambam

Pukhrambam is a Meetei Manipuri surname or family name which has Indian origin. People of this family mainly inhabit in Manipur, India.
References
Meitei surnames
Merlino

Merlino () is a comune in the Province of Lodi in the Lombardy region in Italy.
References
Settlements in Lombardy
Choi Chung-min

Choi Chung-Min (born 30 August 1930 - died 1983) is a former South Korean football player. He has played for Korea Republic national team.
References
1930 births
1983 deaths
South Korean footballers
South Korean football managers
People from Pyongyang
Hertford

Hertford (pronounced Hart-fud) is a town in Hertfordshire, England. In 2011, it had a population of 26,783 people.
It is Hertfordshire's county town, but the largest town is Watford.
The town centre is 19.2 miles (30.9 km) north of Central London and 16.7 miles (27.02 km) north east of Watford.
Transport
Rail
Hertford is served by two train stations, these are Hertford East and Hertford North.
Road
The A414 is just south of the town centre and runs to Harlow, Essex. The A10 is just east of the town.
Twin towns
Hertford is twinned with:
Evron, France
Wildeshausen, Germany
Hartford, Connecticut, U.S.
Gallery
County towns in England
Towns in Hertfordshire
American Optical Company

American Optical or AO Eyewear is an American company that designs, makes and sells eyeglasses, especially sunglasses. American Optical was founded in 1869 when two eyeglass-makers merged in Southbridge, Massachusetts. The company has been in operation since then. It is most well known for having made Aviator glasses for the Apollo program astronauts as well as the United States military.
1869 establishments in the United States
Companies based in Massachusetts
Eyeglasses
Guillermo Mordillo

Guillermo Mordillo (4 August 1932 - 29 June 2019), known simply as Mordillo, was an Argentine cartoonist and animator. He was born in Buenos Aires. Mordillo was one of the most widely published cartoonists of the 1970s. He was known for creating greeting cards for Hallmark Cards.
From 1976 to 1981, Mordillo's cartoons were used by Slovenian artist Miki Muster to create Mordillo, a series of 400 short animations that were later presented at Cannes and bought by television studios from 30 countries.
Mordillo died on 30 June 2019 in Palma de Mallorca, Spain at the age of 86.
References
Other websites
Mordillo official site
1932 births
Argentine cartoonists
2019 deaths
Animators
People from Buenos Aires
12 Rules for Life

12 Rules for Life: An Antidote to Chaos is a 2018 self-help book by Canadian clinical psychologist and psychology professor Jordan Peterson. The book has sold over five million copies worldwide, and was at the top of bestseller lists in Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom.
Peterson went on a world tour after the book was released, and got a lot of attention for an interview in the UK on Channel 4 News. Many critics liked the book's unusual style and the advice it gives, but some have criticized his writing style.
References
2018 books
Non-fiction books
Logarithmic scale

A logarithmic scale is a scale used when there is a large range of quantities. Common uses include earthquake strength, sound loudness, light intensity, spreading rates of epidemics, and pH of solutions.
It is based on orders of magnitude, rather than a standard linear scale. The value of each mark on the scale is the value at the previous mark multiplied by a constant.
Logarithmic scales are also used in slide rules for multiplying or dividing numbers by adding or subtracting lengths on the scales.
The logarithmic scale can be helpful when the data cover a large range of values - the logarithm reduces this to a more manageable range.
Some of our senses operate in a logarithmic fashion (multiplying the actual input strength adds a constant to the perceived signal strength, see: Stevens' power law). That makes logarithmic scales for these input quantities especially appropriate. In particular, our sense of hearing perceives equal multiples of frequencies as equal differences in pitch.
On most logarithmic scales, small multiples (or ratios) of the underlying quantity correspond to small (possibly negative) values of the logarithmic measure.
Examples
Well-known examples of such scales are:
Richter magnitude scale and moment magnitude scale (MMS) for strength of earthquakes and movement in the earth.
bel and decibel and neper for acoustic power (loudness) and electric power;
counting f-stops for ratios of photographic exposure;
rating low probabilities by the number of 'nines' in the decimal expansion of the probability of their not happening: for example, a system which will fail with a probability of 10-5 is 99.999% reliable: "five nines".
Entropy in thermodynamics.
Information in information theory.
Particle size distribution curves of soil
Some logarithmic scales were designed such that large values (or ratios) of the underlying quantity correspond to small values of the logarithmic measure. Examples of such scales are:
pH for acidity;
stellar magnitude scale for brightness of stars;
A logarithmic scale is also a graphical scale on one or both sides of a graph where a number x is printed at a distance c*log(x) from the point marked with the number 1. A slide rule has logarithmic scales, and nomograms often employ logarithmic scales. On a logarithmic scale an equal difference in order of magnitude is represented by an equal distance. The geometric mean of two numbers is midway between the numbers.
Logarithmic graph paper, before the advent of computer graphics, was a basic scientific tool. Plots on paper with one log scale can show up exponential laws, and on log-log paper power laws, as straight lines (see semilog graph, log-log graph).
Logarithms
Henri Dirickx

Hendrik Paul "Rie" Diricx (7 July 1927 - 4 July 2018) was a Belgian football player. He was born in Duffel.
Dirickx played for Union Saint-Gilloise. He earned a total of 30 caps for Belgium between 1952 and 1960. He was part at the 1954 FIFA World Cup.
Dirickx died on 4 July 2018, three days shy of his 91st birthday.
References
1927 births
2018 deaths
Belgian footballers
People from Antwerp (province)
Clockers

Clockers is a 1995 American hood and crime drama movie. It is about life in the projects. Spike Lee directed the movie. It is based on 1992 novel Clockers.
Plot
In a Brooklyn housing project, clockers - street level drug dealers - sell drugs for a man named Rodney Little. Rodney tells one of his lead drug dealers, Ronald "Strike" Durham, that another dealer, Darryl Adams, is stealing from him and needs to be killed. Rodney wants Strike to murder Darryl. Strike then meets with his brother, Victor Dunham, and wants Victor to kill Darryl Adams.
Cast
Harvey Keitel -- Det. Rocco Klein
John Turturro -- Det. Larry Mazilli
Delroy Lindo -- Rodney Little
Mekhi Phifer -- Ronald 'Strike' Dunham
Isaiah Washington -- Victor Dunham
Keith David -- Andre the Giant
Pee Wee Love -- Tyrone 'Shorty' Jeeter
Sticky Fingaz -- Scientific
Regina Taylor -- Iris Jeeter
Fredro -- Go
Elvis Nolasco -- Horace
Tom Byrd -- Errol Barnes
Lawrence B. Adisa -- Stan
Hassan Johnson -- Skills
Frances Foster -- Gloria
Michael Imperioli -- Detective Jo-Jo
Mike Starr -- Thumper
Lisa Arrindell Anderson -- Sharon Dunham
Paul Calderon -- Jesus
Brendan Kelly -- Big Chief
Graham Brown -- Herman Brown
Steve White -- Darryl Adams
Spike Lee -- Chucky
Harry Lennix -- Bill Walker
Michael Badalucco -- Cop #1
Ricky Aiello -- Cop #2
Thomas Jefferson Byrd- Errol
Reception
Clockers got positive reviews from the movie critics. Roger Ebert gave this movie three and a half stars. Rotten Tomatoes said that 67% of reviewers viewed it positively.
References
Other websites
1995 crime drama movies
American crime drama movies
American gangster movies
Brooklyn in fiction
1990s English-language movies
Movies about drugs
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Spike Lee
Screenplays by Spike Lee
Kennelly-Heaviside layer

The Kennelly-Heaviside layer, also known as the E-region, is part of the ionosphere. It is a region which is between 90 km and 150 km from the earth's surface. It is named after the American engineer Arthur Edwin Kennelly and the British scientist Oliver Heaviside. These two scientists both predicted that this area existed, although it was not until some years later that it was proved.
In the Kennelly-Heaviside layer neutral molecules are split into electrons and positively charged molecules. Radio waves can be bounced off this region so that long-distance radio messages can be sent over long distances around the curved surface of the earth. This was why Marconi had been able to send radio messages across the Atlantic in 1902, although it was not understood at the time.
References
The New Encyclopaedia Britannica vol 4, 15th edition, 1986,
Radio
Layers of Earth's atmosphere
ru:Ionosfera#Sloi E
Robert de Sorbon

Robert de Sorbon was a theologian and the chaplain of Louis IX of France. He founded the Sorbonne college in Paris. He was born on October 9, 1201 and died on August 15, 1274.
References
Other websites
1201 births
1274 deaths
Sabail FK

Sabail FK () is an Azerbaijani football club based in Baku. The club participates in the Azerbaijan Premier League.
Other websites
PFL
Facebook
21st-century establishments in Azerbaijan
2016 establishments in Asia
European football clubs
Sports teams in Azerbaijan
Baku
Selma, Oregon

Selma is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Josephine County, Oregon, United States. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 695. It is located in the ZIP code of 97538.
References
Unincorporated communities in Oregon
Census-designated places in Oregon
Nani

Luis Carlos Almeida da Cunha "Nani" (born 17 November 1986) is a Portuguese footballer currently playing for Manchester United and the Portugal national team.
1986 births
Living people
Portuguese footballers
Pouligney-Lusans

Pouligney-Lusans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
Matchbook Romance

Matchbook Romance is an American post-hardcore band formed in 1997, signed to Epitaph Records.
Discography
Studio albums
Stories and Alibis (2003)
Voices (2006)
References
American musical groups
Coeliac disease

Coeliac disease (Celiac disease in American English) is an autoimmune disorder in people when the indigestion of gluten leads to problems in the body. If someone with coeliac disease eats something with gluten (for example, wheat, rye, barley), cells inside the body attack the lining of the intestine. This means that they cannot digest food properly, making them unable to have enough energy, vitamins, or minerals. Children may be unable to grow taller or gain weight properly. People with coeliac disease often lose weight. They are also often tired.
Overview
People with coeliac disease often have bloating and pain in their stomach area, diarrhoea or steatorrhea. These symptoms can lead to flatulence. Their stomachs also start to hurt and they might suffer from joint pains, seizures, rashes, fatigue, slowness in growth and puberty, loss in weight, loss of bone density and fertility issues.
To relieve the effects of coeliac disease, one must stop eating gluten. There are no medicines or cure that can stop coeliac disease. To get fully better, it usually takes about two years of not eating gluten, during which time the previously damaged intestine might recover. They must remain on a gluten-free diet for the rest of their life in order to treat this condition.
Coeliac disease is genetic and relatives (such as children, siblings, parents) with this disease have a 1 in 10 chance of developing coeliac disease. This means that the person affected by it is born with genes that cause the immune system to react poorly to gluten. However, Coeliac disease is not always present during childhood. It can be triggered as an adult by an event such as hormone shifts or illness.
To find out if a person has coeliac disease, doctors look in the blood to see if they have the cells that attack the intestine when gluten is eaten. The protein that attacks the intestine is called an antibody. Antibodies are produced by white blood cells, and they normally stop illnesses from growing in the body, but in the case of coeliac disease, one of the antibodies thinks that gluten is something that will cause illness. Doctors can also look into the patient's intestines with a camera on a tube called an endoscope. This can show if the intestines are being or have been damaged because of coeliac disease.
References
Other websites
Celiac Disease Foundation
What is Celiac Disease?
Diseases and disorders of the digestive system
Spongiforma squarepantsii

Spongiforma squarepantsii is a species of fungus. It is in the Boletaceae family and the Spongiforma genus. It was first seen in Malaysia in 2011. It makes orange fruit bodies that have the odor of a fruit. The fruit bodies can grow to 10 cm wide and 7 cm tall. If water is taken out, it will go back to its first shape. Its spores are in the shape of an almond. The spores can be 10 to 12.5 mm in width and 6 to 7 um in depth. The name of the fungus came from the fictional character SpongeBob SquarePants. S. squarepantsii is one of the two species in Spongiforma. The other is S. thailandica.
References
Fungi
SpongeBob SquarePants
Maryland Toleration Act

The Maryland Toleration Act was a law passed in the U.S. colony of Maryland in 1649 that protected Christians from fights and discrimination. This mostly applied to Catholics and Protestants. It was an important step to religious freedom for the colonies.
Christianity in the United States
History of Maryland
1649
17th century in the Thirteen Colonies
Dwarka

Dwarka (with other spelling as Dvarka) was a city of Ancient India. The city was one of seven holy cities of the Hindus. It is also one of the four most important places of pilgrimage for the Hindus. Hindus call such four places as Dhams. Dwarka is located in the western part of India in Gujarat state. During the birth day of Krishna, and the Hindu festivals of Holi and Divali, thousands of Hindus visit the place.
In Ancient India, the place was the capital of the kingdom ruled by Krishna and his clan of the yadavas. Soon after the death of Krishna, the city went below the sea.
Other websites
http://www.dwarkadhish.org/
Hinduism
Julio Bécquer

Julio Becquer Villegas (December 20, 1931 - November 1, 2020) was a Cuban-American professional baseball player. He was a first baseman who played in 488 games over seven seasons (1955; 1957-61; 1963) for the Washington Senators, Los Angeles Angels and Minnesota Twins of Major League Baseball. He was born in Havana, Cuba.
Becquer died on November 1, 2020 in Hopkins, Minnesota at the age of 88.
References
1931 births
2020 deaths
Washington Nationals players
Los Angeles Angels players
Minnesota Twins players
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Sportspeople from Havana
Lorraine Hansberry

Lorraine Vivian Hansberry (May 19, 1930 - January 12, 1965) was an African-American playwright, essayist, journalist and activist. Hansberry was the first black female author to have a play performed on Broadway. Her best known work, the play A Raisin In The Sun.
Hansberry died in New York City of pancreatic cancer on January 12, 1965 at the age of 34. Martin Luther King, Jr. and James Baldwin spoke at her funeral on January 15 in New York.
References
Other websites
"The Black Revolution and the White Backlash" (audio with transcript) - speech by Lorraine Hansberry, Forum at Town Hall sponsored by The Association of Artists for Freedom, New York City, June 15, 1964
Voices from the Gaps: Women Writers of Color - Lorraine Hansberry, University of Minnesota
Twice Militant: Lorraine Hansberry's Letters to "The Ladder" - Brooklyn Museum exhibition, November 2013 - March 2014
1930 births
1965 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Cancer deaths in New York City
American essayists
Democrats (United States)
American atheists
LGBT writers
LGBT people from Chicago
Lesbian feminists
American feminist writers
American playwrights
American civil rights activists
American LGBT rights activists
African American writers
Journalists from Chicago
Jean Jaurès

Jean Jaures, or Jean Leon Jaures is a French politician. He was assassinate by a nationalist fanatic, Raoul Villain. Jaures was a pacifist in Europe and was against any war. He was a socialist in France.
Assassinated people
French murder victims
French politicians
Murders by firearm in France
Social democrats
1859 births
1914 deaths
Tine (company)

TINE SA is a Norwegian dairy product cooperative. The company has a long history dating back to 1928 and has seen many name changes before being given the Tine brand name in 1992. Tine was ranked the world's #1 cooperative by size by the International Cooperative Alliance in 2008. The name "Tine" comes from an old Norweigan wooden container used for keeping butter and cheese fresh.
References
Companies of Norway
Old MacDonald Had a Farm

"Old MacDonald Had a Farm" is a children's song. It tells of the different animals found on a farm and the sounds they make. Animals include a cow, a duck, a sheep, and any other animals the singer cares to imitate. A typical verse:
Old Macdonald had a farm, E-I-E-I-O!
And on this farm he had a cow, E-I-E-I-O!
With a moo-moo here,
And a moo-moo there,
Here a moo, there a moo,
Everywhere a moo-moo,
Old Macdonald had a farm E-I-E-I-O!
Children's songs
18th-century songs
Bhim Nidhi Tiwari

Bhim Nidhi Tiwari was a popular Nepali Poet, Novelist and Playwright. He is a popular poet of the post-1950s era. He wrote against smoking, drinking, and gambling. He was a strong believer in social improvements. He contributed over 38 social improvement works to Nepali Literature in different styles.
Related pages
Laxmi Prasad Devkota
Bhanubhakta Acharya
References
Other websites
Poems by Tiwari
1911 births
1973 deaths
People from Kathmandu
Nepalese poets
Nepalese writers
Playwrights
Sint-Niklaas

Sint-Niklaas is a municipality in the Belgian province of East Flanders.
In 2007, 70016 people lived there.
It is at 51deg 09 North, 04deg 08 East.
References
Municipalities of East Flanders
Gambsheim

Gambsheim is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Communes in Bas-Rhin
Grantham

Grantham is a town near the A1 road in Lincolnshire, England. Margaret Thatcher was born here, and Isaac Newton went to school here. Grantham is famous for its gingerbread.
Location
The town is a relatively small town but has multiple satellite villages. It has numerous estates, such as Gonerby Hill Foot, Manthorpe, Earlesfield and Alma Park.
Education
There are several schools in the town, such as the Priory Ruskin Academy and the Kings Grammar School, which Isaac Newton attended.
Towns in Lincolnshire
Verona, Pennsylvania

Verona is a borough in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is away from Pittsburgh. At the 2010 census, about 2,474 people lived here.
References
Boroughs in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
2020 OFC Nations Cup

The 2020 OFC Nations Cup will be the 11th edition of the OFC Nations Cup, the international men's football championship of Oceania organised by the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) that happens once every four years. Season has been cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic in Oceania
New Zealand are the defending champions.
Qualification
All 11 FIFA-affiliated national teams from OFC can enter. A qualification round may be held for the lowest-ranked teams before the final tournament.
Football competitions
Football in Oceania
Lies for the Liars

Lies for the Liars is a full-length album released in 2007 by The Used.
Track listing
All songs written by The Used.
"The Ripper" - 2:56
"Pretty Handsome Awkward" - 3:32
"The Bird and the Worm" - 3:46
"Earthquake" - 3:29
"Hospital" - 2:57
"Paralyzed" - 3:13
"With Me Tonight" - 3:06
"Wake the Dead" - 4:14
"Find a Way" - 3:23
"Liar Liar (Burn in Hell)" - 2:52
"Smother Me" - 4:20
Hidden track
"Smother Me" ends at 4:20 but runs to 6:17 due to the addition of a hidden track titled "Queso". "Queso" is a 30 second song that is about a quesadilla. Though it was first released on The Used's MySpace in late 2006, most fans talked about it on message boards and thought of it as a joke - it was not expected to actually be on the album.
The music
Lies for the Liars contains emotive, heartfelt and sometimes sarcastic or Gothic lyrics. It has more swearing than previous The Used albums, but this is used on fewer songs. For example, "Liar Liar (Burn in Hell)" swears 10 times.
The first song "The Ripper" has an ending that makes the CD appear to be stuck, but its only part of the song.
2007 albums
Reprise Records albums
Louis-Nicolas Clérambault

Louis-Nicolas Clerambault (born Paris, 19 December 1676; died Paris, 26 October 1749) was a French organist and composer.
Clerambault (pronounce "CLAY-ram-bow") came from a musical family. He learned to play the violin and harpsichord when he was young, and also learned the organ, composition and singing. He became the organist at the church of the Grands-Augustins and then at Saint-Sulpice. He worked for Madame de Maintenon who arranged concerts for King Louis XIV. He also had a job at the royal house of Saint-Cyr, which was a school for young girls from the poor nobility. He directed the music there, played the organ and trained the choir.
Clerambault was the first important French composer of cantatas. They were often about Greek and Roman myths. He also composed for the organ, harpsichord and violin. He was thought of as France's greatest organist. Two of his sons took over jobs held by their father after his death.
References
1676 births
1749 deaths
17th-century French composers
Baroque composers
18th-century French composers
1992 Summer Paralympics

The 1992 Summer Paralympics took place in Barcelona, Spain. 3,001 athletes from 83 countries were at the Games. People with these types of disabilities competed at the games: spinal injury, amputee, blindness, cerebral palsy, and Les Autres.
References
1992 Summer Paralympics
Capital of France

This article is about the French national capital in general. For the current capital, see Paris.
The capital of France is Paris. In the course of history, the national capital has been in many locations other than Paris.
History
List of capitals of France
Tournai (before 486)
Soissons (486-ca. 900)
Paris (900-1419) The residence of the kings of France, but they were consecrated at Reims.
Orleans (1108) One of the few consecrations of a French monarch to occur outside of Reims occurred at Orleans, when Louis VI the Fat was consecrated in Orleans Cathedral by Daimbert, archbishop of Sens and from 13 December 1560 to 31 January 1561, the French States-General met here.
Troyes (1419-1422) For a short time during the Hundred Years' War, the town was the seat of the royal government.
Bourges (1422-1444) Charles VII was forced to flee from Paris.
Tours (1444--1527) Louis XI made chateau de Plessis-lez-Tours his residence.
Paris (1528--1588) Francis I had established his court in Paris
Tours (1589--1594) faction of parliamentarians, faithful to the king was sitting at Tours.
Paris (1594--1661)
Paris (1661-1682) Paris is the official capital, but Louis XIV disputed that Versalles will be the politic centre.
Versailles (1682-1715) In 1682, Louis XIV made Versailles his residence.
Paris (1715-1722)
Versailles (1722-1789) On October 5 and 6, 1789, a throng from Paris invaded the castle and forced the royal family to move back to Paris. The National Constituent Assembly followed the king to Paris soon afterward, and Versailles lost its role of capital city.
Paris (1789-1871)
Versailles (1871-1879) The French Third Republic established Versailles as its seat of government in March 1871 after the Paris Commune took control of Paris.
Paris (1879-1914, 1914-1940)
Bordeaux (September 1914) The French government was relocated from Paris to Bordeaux very briefly during World War I, when it was feared that Paris would soon fall into German hands. These fears were alleviated after the German Army was pushed back at the First Battle of the Marne
Tours (10-13 June 1940) Tours served as the temporary capital of France during the Second World War after the government fled Paris due to the German advance.
Bordeaux (June 1940) The French government was relocated from Paris to Tours then Bordeaux very briefly during World War II, when it became apparent that Paris would soon fall into German hands.
Vichy (1940-1944) The Parliament abolished the French Third Republic here and replaced it with the French State.
Paris (1944-present) With the liberation of Paris in 1944, Charles de Gaulle established the Provisional Government of the French Republic, restoring Paris as the French capital.
References
History of France
Morro Bay, California

Morro Bay is a city in San Luis Obispo County, California. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 10,757.
References
Cities in California
Settlements in San Luis Obispo County, California
Lucas Chiaretti Cossenzo

Lucas Chiaretti Cossenzo (born 22 September 1987) is a Brazilian football player.
Club career statistics
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References
1987 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Al-Maref

Al-Maref is a football club which plays in Qatar.
Al-Maref has won the championship three times in Qatar Stars League.
League title
Qatar Stars League : 3
1963/64, 1964/65, 1965/66
References
Qatari football clubs
Little Miss Sunshine

Little Miss Sunshine is a 2006 American independent comedy-drama road movie that was shown at the Sundance Film Festival. It is about a family who drives 800 miles from Albuquerque, New Mexico through Arizona to Redondo Beach, California in a Volkswagen Type 2 van so that the daughter to compete in a beauty contest for children. On the way they have many problems, and learn to assist and help each other.
Other websites
2006 comedy-drama movies
2000s LGBT movies
2000s road movies
Academy Award winning movies
American comedy-drama movies
American LGBT movies
American road movies
BAFTA Award winning movies
English-language movies
LGBT comedy-drama movies
Movies set in Arizona
Movies set in California
Movies set in New Mexico
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
American independent movies
Pennine Alps

The Pennine Alps are a mountain range in the western part of the Alps. They are in Switzerland (Valais) and Italy (Piedmont and the Aosta Valley).
They include the following peaks:
References
Europe-related lists
Mountain ranges of the Alps
Mountains of Italy
Mountains of Switzerland
Geography of Valais
Piedmont
Valle d'Aosta
Sun Zhengcai

Sun Zhengcai (; born September 25 1963) was a Chinese politician and senior regional official before his fall from power in 2017.
Sun joined Communist Party of China (CPC) in July 1988. He was a member of the CPC Central Committee since 2007. Since November 2012, Sun has been the Communist Party Secretary of Chongqing, an interior municipality, and a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of China. Before that, he served as the Party Secretary of Jilin province, and Minister of Agriculture of China.
Sun is the youngest member of the 18th Politburo, and one of only two members born after 1960, the other being Hu Chunhua. As such, Sun and Hu were considered to be a leading candidate for a top leadership position in the "6th Generation of Chinese leadership". However, Xi Jinping, the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China, changed the game by abandoning the successors designated by his predecessors.
In July 14, 2017, Sun was removed from the post of Communist Party Secretary of Chongqing, and investigated for wrong-doings. On July 24, the Chinese official news agency reported that Sun violated CPC's disciplines. On September 29, Sun was stripped of his CPC membership, fired from his government position, and charged for crime. On May 8, 2018, Sun was sentenced for life in prison.
References
1963 births
Living people
Chinese communist politicians
People from Jilin
Cypripedium reginae

Cypripedium reginae, also known as he Showy Lady's-slipper, the Pink-and-white Lady's-slipper, or the Queen's Lady's-slipper, is a rare temperate lady's-slipper orchid native to northern North America. It grows white flowers, with pink labella.
References
NatureServe (2006), "Cypripedium reginae", NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life, Version 6.1., Arlington, Virginia
Gray's Manual of Botany of the Northern United States, American Book Company, 1889
Other websites
Minnesota Secretary of State: State Flower , accessed January 31, 2004
US Geological Survey: Showy Lady Slipper, accessed January 31, 2004
Showy Lady's-slipper: Queen Lady's-slipper(botany.wisc.edu) , accessed Nov 19, 2005
NRCS: USDA Plants Profile: Cypripedium reginae
Orchids
Paavo Heininen

Paavo Johannes Heininen (13 January 1938 - 18 January 2022) was a Finnish composer, academic and pianist. He was born in Helsinki, Finland. Heininen was one of the most important Finnish modernist composers.
Heininen died on 18 January 2022 in Jarvenpaa, five days after his 84th birthday.
References
Other websites
Fennica Gehrman's Heininen page (publisher).
Music Finland: composer profile.
1938 births
2022 deaths
Finnish composers
Finnish academics
Pianists
Musicians from Helsinki
Ronnie Barker

Ronald William George Barker (25 September 1929 - 3 October 2005), popularly known as Ronnie Barker and (as a writer) Gerald Wiley, was an English comic actor, comedian and writer. He was born in Bedford and moved to Oxford when he was four. He is best known for being on the very popular television variety show The Two Ronnies. Also on the show was his long-time comedy partner, Ronnie Corbett. Barker died of heart failure in Adderbury, Oxfordshire.
References
Other websites
People from Bedfordshire
Actors from Oxfordshire
British television writers
Deaths from heart failure
English comedians
English movie actors
English television actors
English television presenters
English television writers
People from Bedford
People from Oxford
Writers from Oxfordshire
1929 births
2005 deaths
Military–industrial complex

The military-industrial complex refers to the relationship between the government, the military, and the businesses that make things for the military. For example, the businesses can give money to politicians in elections. Then, politicians give more money to the military. Then, the military buys things from the businesses. Each group gains something, so they try to keep doing the same thing.
The term was invented in the United States. However, most countries have politicians and soldiers and people who make weapons and other military supplies; thus they have a military-industrial complex.
When there is a military-industrial complex, problems can happen. The government can become corrupt. A business might want the country to be at war because they make more money during war than during times of peace.
Where the term came from
President of the United States Dwight D. Eisenhower used the term in his farewell speech--the last speech he gave while he was the President. He said, "we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex." This was a warning. It means that people should be careful or the military-industrial complex will get too much power.
Today, the term is used a lot by people writing and talking about politics. Especially when the subject is militarism in the United States. It also appears in discussions about private military companies--businesses that commonly employ soldiers who have left the military.
Related pages
Constitutionalism
Constitutional economics
Rule according to higher law
Roerich Pact
Lockheed Martin
Teglio

Teglio (Tei in Valtellinese dialect) is a comune in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy. It is about northeast of Milan.
References
Settlements in Lombardy
Corwith, Iowa

Corwith is a city in Iowa in the United States. In 2000 there were 350 people living in Corwith.
Population
References
Cities in Iowa
2017 Barcelona attack

On 17 August 2017, a white van hit pedestrians on La Rambla, Barcelona, leaving fourteen people dead and dozens injured. The two suspects then fled on foot.
At around 17:20 CEST, a white Fiat Talento drove onto the pavement of Barcelona's Las Ramblas, crashing into pedestrians between Placa Catalunya and Gran Teatre del Liceu.
In the press conference held by the police at 7:00pm local time, the spokesperson confirmed the terrorist nature of the event, a dead person and 32 injured --10 of those in serious condition. Other sources are claiming the fatality count is 13.
Police said two men were arrested in connection with the attack; another was reported killed in a shootout with police. In Ripoll, a man in his 20s was alleged to have rented the van, but told police his ID was stolen. Amaq News Agency said the attackers were "soldiers of the Islamic State" who "carried out the operation in response to calls for targeting coalition states".
An explosion happened the night before the attack in the Catalan town of Alcanar. It flattened a building and killed a woman. The head of the Mossos d'Esquadra Josep Lluis Trapero said it was related to the ramming. Nine hours after the attack, police killed four people in Tarragona said to be planning a terrorist attack in Cambrils.
References
2017 murders in Europe
2010s in Barcelona
August 2017 events
Crime in Spain
Islamic terrorist incidents in 2017
Islamic terrorist incidents in Europe
Massacres in Europe
Terrorist incidents in Europe in 2017
Terrorist incidents involving vehicular attacks
Gremlins 2: The New Batch (video game)

Gremlins 2: The New Batch is a 1990 video game. This video game was based on the movie of the same name. It was developed for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) and Game Boy. In the NES game, the player controls the character Gizmo through various levels in a building. Gizmo has weapons. The goal is to reach the Gremlin Control Centre to kill all the gremlins inside.
References
1990 video games
Nintendo Entertainment System games
Game Boy games
Sing: Chapter 1

Sing: Chapter 1 is a studio album from country superstar Wynonna Judd, to be released on February 3, 2009. It is her seventh solo studio album and the follow-up to her successful 2003 album What the World Needs Now Is Love and her holiday-themed 2006 release A Classic Christmas.
Album information
Wynonna teamed up with Brent Maher and Don Potter - the duo behind the many successes that Wynonna had as one half of the mother-daughter duo The Judds with mom Naomi.
The album, contains 12 cover songs which Wynonna states "are a real cross-section of all the different genres I grew up with. It's all me, its all part of the tapestry of who I am."
Sing has been in production for over a year and a half.
Track listing
"That's How Rhythm Was Born"
"I'm So Lonesome I Could Cry"
"Woman Be Wise"
I Hear You Knockin"
"Till I Get It Right"
"Are The Good Times Really Over"
"The House Is Rockin'"
"Ain't No Sunshine"
"I'm A Woman"
"Anyone Who Had A Heart"
"When I Fall In Love"
"Sing"
References
2009 albums