pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
List of Independent Administrative Institutes in Japan

The identifies a special type of legal entity in Japan. There are about 100 of these semi-governmental entities, including
Building Research Institute, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute
Electronic Navigation Research Institute
Equine Research Institute, JRA
Fisheries Research Agency
Forest Tree Breeding Center
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)
Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA)
Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC)
Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO).
Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences
Japan Mint
Japan National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (JOGMEC), 2004.
Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
Japan Sewage Works Agency
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
Marine Technical College
National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
National Archives of Japan (NAJ)
National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences
National Institute for Environmental Studies
National Institute for Materials Science
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences
National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT)
National Institute of Health and Nutrition
National Institute of Information and Communications Technology
National Institute of Radiological Sciences
National Maritime Research Institute
Kyoto National Museum (KNM)
Kyushu National Museum
Nara National Museum (NNM)
Tokyo National Museum (TNM)
Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties
National Art Center, Tokyo (NACT)
National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo
National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention
National Research Institute of Brewing (NRIB)
National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory
NHK Science & Technical Research Laboratories
Port and Airport Research Institute
Public Works Research Institute
RIKEN (Institute of Physical and Chemical Research)
Related pages
Independent Administrative Institution
List of National Laboratories (Japan)
References
Other websites
Independent Administrative Institution National Museum of Art
Japan-related lists
Dave Arnold (politician)

David J. Arnold Jr. (December 7, 1971 - January 17, 2021) was an American politician and lawyer. He was born in Lebanon County, Pennsylvania. Arnold was a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate from 2020 until his death. He was a member of the Republican Party.
Arnold was diagnosed with brain cancer in October 2019. He died on January 17, 2021 in Lebanon County from the disease at the age of 49.
References
1971 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from brain cancer
Cancer deaths in Pennsylvania
State legislators of the United States
Lawyers from Pennsylvania
Politicians from Pennsylvania
Republican Party (United States) politicians
John Noble

John Noble (born 20 August 1948) is an Australian actor and theatre director. He was born in Port Pirie, South Australia.
He is best known for his roles as Dr. Walter Bishop in the US Fox science fiction television series Fringe and Henry Parrish in the Fox action-horror series Sleepy Hollow. His best known movie role was as Denethor in Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings trilogy.
He also provided the voice of the DC Comics supervillain Scarecrow in the 2015 video game Batman: Arkham Knight.
In 2015, he joined the main cast of the television series Elementary as Sherlock Holmes's father. He was also cast as a doctor in the Australian TV series All Saints.
In 2012, Noble was diagnosed with osteoporosis.
References
Other websites
1948 births
Living people
Australian movie actors
Australian television actors
Australian stage actors
Australian voice actors
Actors from South Australia
Voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate

The voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate is a sound used in some spoken languages. It is not in English.
Consonants
Freddie Prinze

Freddie James Prinze (born Frederick Karl Pruetzel; June 22-1954 - January 29, 1977) was an American stand-up comedian and actor.
Early life
Prinze was born in New York City to Edward Karl Pruetzel and Aurea Elana Ruiz. His father was German and his mother was Puerto Rican.
Personal life
Prinze married Kathy Barber and had a son, Freddie Prinze, Jr., in 1976.
References
Other websites
1954 births
1977 deaths
Actors from New York City
Comedians from New York City
American Roman Catholics
American stand-up comedians
American television actors
Suicides by firearm in the United States
Rutherfordium

Rutherfordium is a chemical element. It has also been named eka-hafnium and unnilquadium. It has the symbol Rf and has the atomic number 104. It is a very radioactive element that does not exist in nature. It has to be made. Rutherfordium is the first transactinide element.. The isotope that has the longest half-life is 265Rf. Rutherfordium-265 only has a half life of about 13 hours.
The amount of rutherfordium that has been made is not enough to give much information about it. The element has no present uses. It is thought that the chemistry of rutherfordium will be like the chemistry of hafnium.
History
Rutherfordium was named after Ernest Rutherford. It was reported that it was first made in 1964 at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research at Dubna, Russia. The scientists reported that they bombarded a different chemical element 242Pu with the element 22Ne. The neon-22 particles were accelerated to an energy of 113 to 115 MeV. They claim they detected nuclear fission tracks in a special type of glass with a microscope showing that a new element was there.
In 1969 scientists at the University of California, Berkeley made rutherfordium by banging together 249Cf and 12C at very high energies. These scientists said that when they tried to make rutherfordium in the same way as the scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research none of the element was produced.
The scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research claimed that it was first detected in Dubna. They thought it should be named dubnium (Db) or kurchatovium (Ku) for Igor Vasilevich Kurchatov (1903-1960).
The scientists at the University of California, Berkeley thought it should be named rutherfordium (Rf).
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) decides the name of elements that should be used by everyone. They used unnilquadium (Unq) as a temporary name. Unnilquadium is the systematic element name meaning "one-zero-four" in Latin. In 1997 they resolved the dispute and used the current name of rutherfordium. The chemical element with atomic number 105 was named dubnium.
Related pages
Periodic table
List of common elements
References
Los Alamos National Laboratory Rutherford
Other websites
WebElements.com - Rutherfordium
Transition metals
Synthetic elements
Igor Nikulin (hammer thrower)

Igor Yuriyevich Nikulin (; 14 August 1960 - 7 November 2021) was a Russian hammer thrower. He represented the USSR, the Unified Team, and later Russia. He won the bronze medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. He was born in Moscow.
Nikulin died on 7 November 2021 at the age of 61.
References
1960 births
2021 deaths
Soviet athletes
Hammer throwers
Russian Olympic bronze medalists
Sportspeople from Moscow
Kangaroo (1952 movie)

Kangaroo is a 1952 American Australian western movie directed by Lewis Milestone and stars Maureen O'Hara, Peter Lawford, Finlay Currie, Richard Boone. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and was remade as The Jackals in 1967.
Other websites
1952 movies
1950s Western (genre) movies
American Western (genre) movies
Australian movies
Movies set in Australia
Movies directed by Lewis Milestone
Movies set in the 1900s
20th Century Fox movies
Nuri Şahin

Nuri Sahin (born 5 September 1988) is a Turkish football player. He plays for Werder Bremen and Turkey national team.
Career
Borussia Dortmund
Sahin began his carrier 2005. He played his first match on 23rd June 2005 against Sigma Olmutz and became the youngest international player for Dortmund. On 6th August he became the youngest player in the Bundesliga at the match against VfL Wolfsburg.
On 26th November Sahin shot his first goal in the Bundesliga. He finished his first season with 23 appearances and one goal.
Real Madrid
In season 2010/11 Sahin changed to Real Madrid C.F..
Liverpool F.C.
Sahin got loaned to Liverpool F.C. after a year in Madrid.
Return to Borussia Dortmund
Sahin returned to Borussia Dortmund in 2013. Sahin could not build on his previous achievements in Dortmund, which is why he gradually lost his starting place in the team. As a crowd pleaser he left Dortmund in the summer of 2018 in the direction of Bremen.
Werder Bremen
Sahin became an important part of Werder Bremen.
Club career statistics
As of 30 September 2019
|-
|2005/06||rowspan="2"|Borussia Dortmund||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||23||1||0||0||0||0||1||0||24||1
|-
|2006/07||24||0||1||0||0||0||0||0||25||0
|-
|2007/08||Feyenoord Rotterdam||Eredivisie||29||6||5||0||colspan="2"|no competition||0||0||34||6
|-
|2008/09||rowspan="3"|Borussia Dortmund||rowspan="3"|Bundesliga||25||2||2||0||rowspan="3" colspan="2"|discontinued||1||0||28||2
|-
|2009/10||33||4||3||2||0||0||36||6
|-
|2010/11||30||6||2||0||8||2||40||8
|-
|2011/12||Real Madrid||La Liga||4||0||2||1||colspan="2"|discontinued||4||0||10||1
|-
|2012/13||Liverpool F.C.||Premier League||7||1||0||0||1||2||4||0||12||3
|-
|2012/13||rowspan="6"|Borussia Dortmund||rowspan="7"|Bundesliga||15||3||0||0||rowspan="7" colspan="2"|discontinued||3||0||18||3
|-
|2013/14||34||2||4||0||9||0||47||2
|-
|2014/15||7||1||0||0||2||0||9||1
|-
|2015/16||9||0||0||0||3||0||12||0
|-
|2016/17||5||0||1||0||3||1||9||1
|-
|2017/18||18||2||2||0||4||0||25||2
|-
|2018/19||rowspan="1"|Werder Bremen||13||1||2||0||0||0||15||1
202||20||14||2||0||0||31||3||252||24
29||6||5||0||colspan="2"|no competition||0||0||34||6
4||0||2||1||colspan="2"|discontinued||4||0||10||1
7||1||0||0||1||2||4||0||12||3
242||27||21||3||1||2||39||3||298||34
|}
1. First round
2. Second round
3. This competition wasn't played out in the season by the country.
4. The player played in more than one competition. The competition with the most appearences is listed.
EL Europa League
CL Champions League
UI Unitoto Cup
UEFA UEFA Cup
+ Other games included (e.g. DFL-Supercup)
International career statistics
|-
|2005||1||1
|-
|2006||9||0
|-
|2007||1||0
|-
|2008||4||0
|-
|2009||5||0
|-
|2010||rowspan="8"|?||rowspan="8"|?
|-
|2011
|-
|2012
|-
|2013
|-
|2014
|-
|2015
|-
|2016
|-
|2017
|-
!Total||50||2
|}
References
1988 births
Living people
Turkish footballers
Borussia Dortmund squad
Moriondo Torinese

Moriondo Torinese is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region of Piedmont.
Settlements in Piedmont
Hebe Camargo

Hebe Maria Camargo (March, 8 1929 - September 29, 2012) is a Brazilian television host, actress and singer.
References
Other websites
Site program of Hebe at the SBT
1929 births
2012 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Brazilian actors
Sao Paulo (state)
Compass (drafting)

A compass (or pair of compasses) is a drawing tool that can be used to draw circles or arcs, parts of circles. They can also be used to measure distances, in particular on maps. Compasses can be used for mathematics, drafting, navigation, and more.
Compasses are usually made of metal, and have two parts called legs meeting at a hinge. The legs can be moved apart or together to change the size of the circle. One part has a spike, a sharp, pointy part at its end, and the other part has a pencil or a pen. There are two types of compasses: the mechanical compass and normal compass. The mechanical compass is a compass that has a mechanical pencil, and the normal compass is a compass that has a normal pen or pencil on it. To make the compass work, you need to change how far the pencil sticks out.
A divider is a compass that has two parts with a spike, and is used to show measurements of distances and lengths. It is called a divider because it is used to divide (make smaller things from a bigger thing) a distance in two, using geometry.
Uses
Circles can be made by pressing the leg with the spike into the paper, putting the pencil on the paper, and moving the pencil in the circle. To do this, you need to not to move the legs farther apart or closer together while you are drawing the circle. A circle can be made bigger or smaller by moving the legs farther apart or closer together.
Distances can be measured on a map using dividers,compasses with two spikes. The distance between the spikes on the map shows a distance in reality. Measuring how many times the compasses fit between two things on the map shows the distance between those things.
Compass and straightedge drawing is used to show things in plane geometry (geometry used on a flat area). Real compasses are used on paper, but the perfect compass used in proofs is an imaginary, perfect tool that draws perfect circles. The most strict definition of this ideal tool, used for explaining, is the "collapsing compass". It draws a circle from a given place with a given radius and cannot be used again. That is, unlike a real pair of compasses, it cannot simply be moved to another place and used to draw another circle that is the same.
Tools
Mathematical tools
Measuring tools
Mariano Puga

Mariano Puga Concha (25 April 1931 - 14 March 2020) was a Chilean Roman Catholic priest and a human rights activist. He was born in Santiago de Chile.
He was pastor of the university parish of La Legua. He was a defender of Human Rights during the military dictatorship of that country. In June 1974 Puga was arrested while preaching and taken to infamous prisons of Villa Grimaldi and Tres Alamos.
Puga died of lymphoma in Santiago on 14 March 2020 at the age of 88.
References
1931 births
2020 deaths
Chilean human rights activists
People from Santiago
Roman Catholic priests
Tishomingo County, Mississippi

Tishomingo County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, 19,593 people lived there. Its county seat is Iuka.
References
1836 establishments in Mississippi
Mississippi counties
Sam Mele

Sabath Anthony "Sam" Mele (January 21, 1922 - May 1, 2017) was a former right fielder, manager, coach and scout in Major League Baseball. As a manager, he led the Minnesota Twins to their first American League championship in 1965.
Mele played for the Boston Red Sox (1947-1949; 1954-1955), Washington Senators (1949-1952), Chicago White Sox (1952-1953), Baltimore Orioles (1954), Cincinnati Redlegs (1955), and for the Cleveland Indians (1956).
Mele was born on January 21, 1922 in Astoria, New York. He studied at William Cullen Bryant High School and at New York University. Mele died at his home in Quincy, Massachusetts on the night of May 1, 2017 from natural causes, aged 95.
References
Other websites
1922 births
2017 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Massachusetts
Minnesota Twins
Baseball coaches
Boston Red Sox players
Chicago White Sox players
Baltimore Orioles players
Cleveland Indians players
Sportspeople from New York (state)
Businesspeople from New York (state)
Live-action

In movie and video, live-action is a work that is acted out by human actors, instead of animating the works as in the animated version of E. B. White's Charlotte's Web.
Movies
Graham McTavish

Graham McTavish (born 4 January 1961) is a Scottish movie, television and voice actor. McTavish appeared in the 2011 movie The Wicker Tree, Robin Hardy's sequel to his 1973 movie, The Wicker Man and played Dwalin in Peter Jackson's The Hobbit trilogy.
References
Other websites
1961 births
Living people
Scottish movie actors
Scottish television actors
Scottish voice actors
Actors from Glasgow
Hugo F. Sonnenschein

Hugo Freund Sonnenschein (November 14, 1940 - July 15, 2021) was a prominent American economist and educational administrator. He was the Adam Smith Distinguished Service Professor in Economics at the University of Chicago. He was known for focusing on the microeconomic theory such as general equilibrium theory. He was the 11th president of the University of Chicago from 1993 until 2000.
References
1940 births
2021 deaths
American economists
University of Chicago faculty
Buxton

Buxton is a spa town in Derbyshire, England. It is the highest market town in England. Buxton is near to Cheshire and Staffordshire. Buxton is described as "the gateway to the Peak District National Park". Buxton is also close to Manchester.
Poole's Cavern, a limestone cavern, and St Ann's Well are in Buxton. Also in the town is an Opera House.
History
The Romans developed the town when it was called Aquae Arnemetiae (or the spa of the goddess of the grove). Roman coins have been found in Buxton. The town largely grew in importance in the late 18th century when it was developed by the Dukes of Devonshire, with a second revival a hundred years later as the people visited to use the healing properties of the waters.
The Dukes of Devonshire have been helping Buxton since 1780, when the Duke used his money from his copper mines to develop the town as a spa like Bath.
Bess of Hardwick had taken one of her four husbands, the Earl of Shrewsbury, to "take the waters" at Buxton shortly after he became the jailer of Mary, Queen of Scots, in 1569.
Dr. Erasmus Darwin recommended the waters at Buxton to Josiah Wedgwood. The Wedgwood family often went to Buxton on holiday. Two of Charles Darwin's half-cousins, Edward Levett Darwin and Reginald Darwin also settled there.
Notable architecture
The Crescent (1780-1784) was based on Bath's Royal Crescent. The crescent has a grand assembly room with a painted ceiling.
Buxton Opera House was designed in 1903 and is the highest in the country. It is attached to the Pavilion Gardens, Octagonal Hall and the smaller Paxton Theatre. The Pavilion Gardens are 23 acres of gardens.
Economy
Buxton is twinned with two other towns--Oignies in France and Bad Nauheim in Germany.
Famous Buxtonians
Vera Brittain (1893-1970): author of Testament of Youth and mother of Shirley Williams
Tim Brooke-Taylor: comedy actor and one of The Goodies
Dave Lee Travis: former BBC DJ
References
Spa towns in the United Kingdom
Towns in Derbyshire
Flag of the Central African Republic

The national flag of the Central African Republic was created in 1958 by first president of Ubangi-Shari Barthelemy Boganda.
Appearance
It has four horizontal stripes of blue, white, green and yellow, and a single vertical band of red, with a yellow five pointed star in the upper left corner.
Symbolism
The golden star is symbol of independence and bright future. The president Boganda announced that the colours of the four horizontal stripes represents four territories of French Equatorial Africa (Ubangi-Shari, Gabon, Congo and Chad), which he wanted to see united with maintaining relationship with France. The red stripe symbolizes blood, same for the every races and nations, in this case especially for the Africans The green color stands for forest areas, the yellow for savanna, blue for the sky. Other interpretation of the colours emphasizes national ideals, where the color blue symbolizes freedom, white - purity, green - hope, yellow - tolerance and hospitality, red - friendship and equality of every race and need of common respect.
Construction sheet
The aspect ratio of the flag is 3:5 or 2:3.
Historical flags
Related pages
Coat of Arms of the Central African Republic
La Renaissance, the national anthem of the Central African Republic
References
Central African Republic
Central African Republic
Tharoiseau

Tharoiseau is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Marchaux-Chaudefontaine

Marchaux-Chaudefontaine is a commune in the department of Doubs, eastern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2018. It merged the two communes of Marchaux (the seat) and Chaudefontaine.
Related pages
Communes of the Doubs department
References
Communes in Doubs
2018 establishments in France
Boulge

Boulge is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 26 people living in Boulge. Boulge has a church called St Michael.
References
GENUKI
Villages in Suffolk
Civil parishes in Suffolk
Suffolk Coastal
Dave Manson

David Michael Manson (born January 27, 1967) is a Canadian retired ice hockey defenceman. He played a career total of 1103 regular season games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Chicago Blackhawks, Edmonton Oilers, Winnipeg Jets, Phoenix Coyotes, Montreal Canadiens, Dallas Stars, and the Toronto Maple Leafs. He currently works as an assistant coach for the Prince Albert Raiders of the Western Hockey League (WHL).
Career
Before playing in the NHL, Manson played 3 seasons with the Prince Albert Raiders of the Western Hockey League (WHL). He was drafted with the 11th overall pick by the Chicago Black Hawks in the 1985 NHL Entry Draft. Manson would play 5 seasons with the Blackhawks, scoring 330 goals.
On October 2, 1991, the Blackhawks traded Manson along with their 3rd round choice (Kirk Maltby) in 1992 NHL Entry Draft to the Edmonton Oilers in exchange for Steve Smith. He played parts of 3 seasons with the Oilers.
On March 15, 1994, the Oilers traded him along with St. Louis' 6th round choice (acquired before, Winnipeg selected Chris Kibermanis) in the 1994 NHL Entry Draft to the Winnipeg Jets in exchange for Boris Mironov, Mats Lindgren, Winnipeg's 1st round choice (Jason Bonsignore) in the 1994 NHL Entry Draft and Florida's 4th round choice (previously acquired, Edmonton selected Adam Copeland) in the 1994 Entry Draft. On July 1, 1996, he moved with the team when they relocated to become the Phoenix Coyotes. On March 18, 1997, the Coyotes traded him to the Montreal Canadiens in exchange for Murray Baron and Chris Murray.
On November 16, 1998, Manson was traded back to the Chicago Blackhawks along with Jocelyn Thibault and Brad Brown in exchange for Jeff Hackett, Eric Weinrich, Alain Nasreddine and Tampa Bay's 4th round choice (previously acquired, Montreal selected Chris Dyment) in the 1999 NHL Entry Draft. On February 8, 2000, the Blackhawks traded Manson along with Sylvain Cote to the Dallas Stars in exchange for Kevin Dean, Derek Plante and Dallas' 2nd round choice (Matt Keith) in 2001 NHL Entry Draft. On August 16, 2000, he was a free agent by the Toronto Maple Leafs. The Maple Leafs traded him back to the Dallas Stars in exchange for Jyrki Lumme on November 21, 2001.
On September 30, 2002, Manson announced that he was officially retiring from playing professional ice hockey. After retiring, Manson became an assistant coach for the Prince Albert Raiders.
References
Other websites
1967 births
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Chicago Blackhawks players
Dallas Stars players
Edmonton Oilers players
Ice hockey people from Saskatchewan
Living people
Montreal Canadiens players
Phoenix Coyotes players
Toronto Maple Leafs players
Utah Grizzlies (AHL) players
Winnipeg Jets (1979-96) players
American Hockey League players
International Hockey League (1945-2001) players
Memorial Cup winners
Panama (song)

"Panama" is a 1984 song by hard rock band Van Halen and is the third single from their sixth studio album 1984. It went to number 13 in the United States, number 61 in the United Kingdom, number 15 in Canada, number 30 in Ireland and number 74 in Australia.
References
1984 songs
Van Halen songs
Hard rock songs
Heavy metal
Jorge Lepra

Jorge Alberto Lepra Loiodice (4 September 1942 - 4 January 2016) was a Uruguayan diplomat and politician. He was Ministry of Industry, Energy and Mining from 2005 to 2008. He was also Ambassador to France from 2008 to 2010. He was born in Montevideo.
Lepra died from heart failure on 4 January 2016 in Montevideo. He was 73.
References
1942 births
2016 deaths
Ambassadors to France
Diplomats
Independent politicians
Politicians from Montevideo
Kalam Valley

Kalam is worth seeing site in Swat valley. Kalam is located at the distance of 100 km from the mingora, in the northern upper part of Swat valley. It is located at the bank of Suvastu river in KPK province.Kalam is encircled by green hills, thick forests and blessed with mesmerizing Lakes, lively meadows and waterfalls, which make the Valley a must wandering place. It is the birthplace of Swat River, which is conflux of two major tributaries; Gabral River and Ushu River.
It is a vast sub-valley of Swat; is located at an elevation of about 2,000 meters (6, 562 feet) above sea level, and providing a room for a small but fertile plateau above Swat River, making it ideal for farming. A metalled road ends here in Kalam and a shingled road leads to the Ushu and Utror valleys. Visitors can see the snowy mountains from Matiltan, including Falak Sair Mountain, with the height of 5, 918 meters (19,416 feet) and an unnamed peak of 6,096 meters (20, 000 feet) height.
population
According to the population survey of 2017 the population of Kalam valley is 84,434 persons & no of houses are 9810.
Languages
Kalam and Dir Kohistani (also called Gawri ) is one of about two dozen languages that are spoken in the mountain areas of northern Pakistan. The name Kohistan in Urdu and Persian means 'land of mountains', and Kohistani, when used as the name of a language, can be translated as 'mountain language'.
Ethnic Groups
The Dardic people of the Kalam region in northern Swat are known as Kohistanis.
Climate
The climate in Kalam khlm is cold and temperate. Kalam khlm is a city with a significant rainfall. Even in the driest month there is a lot of rain. The Koppen-Geiger climate classification is Dfb. In Kalam khlm, the average annual temperature is -1.1 degC | 30.0 degF. The rainfall here is around 1361 mm | 53.6 inch per year.
Tourists Spots
The Kalam Bazaar (The Downtown)
Matiltan
Ushu
Utror
Gabral
Mahodand Lake
Kundol Lake
Izmis Lake
The Kalam Bazaar
The Kalam Bazaar is the main marketplace and commercial centre of the kalam valley. Despite being small, Kalam Bazaar has hotels, restaurants, cafes, medical stores, and a good number of general stores. This Bazaar serves as a high street or Downton for locals and tourists in Kalam and rounding areas.
References
Hill Stations in Pakistan
British Rail Class 115

These 41 high density sets operated the outer-suburban services from Marylebone usually to destinations such as High Wycombe, Aylesbury and Banbury which are on the Chiltern Main Line and Great Central Main Line (now the London to Aylesbury Line). Sometimes, these sets used to operate 8-12 car long expresses to Nottingham Victoria in the final years of the GCML. Coincidentally, the 115 were under Table 115 in the British Rail timetable.
Based on the basic Derby high density design, the sets are similar to Class 127 but were internally superior as the class had larger windows, better furnishings, lighting and wall surfaces.
Some sets were also built for the CLC line between Liverpool and Manchester. These were later transferred to Marylebone. They also worked from Tyseley in the later years.
The Marylebone sets, which were later transferred to Bletchley but remained on Chiltern Line duties, were declared surplus after the introduction of Class 165s, from 1991 onwards. While at Bletchley depot the class was also used on the Gospel Oak to Barking Line, units being formed as power twins. They were in turn replaced on this line by class 117 power twins.
The final Class 115 working out of Marylebone was in July 1992. The Tyseley sets survived a bit longer, until February 1994.
115
AM-39 Exocet

The AM-39 Exocet is an anti-ship missile. It is designed and built in France by Aerospatiale. It can be used from a fighter aircraft, a warship or a submarine. It was used by Argentina against the Royal Navy's HMS Sheffield.
Missiles
Military of France
Soprana

Soprana is a frazione in the Province of Biella in the Piedmont region in Italy. On 1 January 2019, it was merged to form the new comune of Valdilana.
References
Former municipalities of Piedmont
20 July Plot

On 20 July 1944, Claus von Stauffenberg and other conspirators tried to assassinate Adolf Hitler, the Fuhrer of Nazi Germany, inside his Wolf's Lair field headquarters near Rastenburg, East Prussia. The name Operation Valkyrie, originally referring to part of the conspiracy, has become related to the plot. The idea behind the assassination was to seize political control of Germany and its armed forces from the Nazi Party (including the SS) and to make peace with the Western Allies as soon as possible.
The plot was a plan by several groups in the German resistance to overthrow the Nazi German government. Stauffenberg planted a bomb close to Hitler since he was presented with him in the conference meeting. The bomb failed to kill Hitler since one of the participants had unwittingly moved the bomb away from Hitler. Also, the table absorbed much of the blast as a result. The failure of the assassination attempt and the intended military that was to follow led the Gestapo to arrest more than 7,000 people of whom they executed 4,980.
References
World War II
Gastonia (dinosaur)

Gastonia is an armoured dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of North America. It lived about 139 to 125 million years ago.
It was a nodosaurid, closely related to Polacanthus. Gastonia has a sacral shield and large shoulder spikes.
Several examples of this genus of herbivorous ankylosaur were found in Utah in the Cedar Mountain Formation.
References
Ankylosauria
Bono, Arkansas

Bono is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Cities in Craighead County, Arkansas
Assignment in Brittany

Assignment in Brittany is a 1943 American World War II movie directed by Jack Conway and was based on the 1942 novel of the same name by Helen MacInnes. It stars Jean-Pierre Aumont, Susan Peters, Margaret Wycherly, Signe Hasso, Richard Whorf, Darryl Hickman, Sarah Padden, Reginald Owen and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Other websites
1943 war movies
American war movies
Movies based on books
MGM movies
Movies directed by Jack Conway
Troilus and Cressida

Troilus and Cressida is a play by William Shakespeare. It is a tragedy. Shakespeare's sources were probably Greek mythology, and also the works of Homer and Geoffrey Chaucer. The first known performance was on 7 February 1604. The first known printing of the play dates to 1609. The play is about the Trojan War and two lovers, Troilus and Cressida.
Plays by William Shakespeare
17th-century plays
Blackadder II

Blackadder II is the second series of the BBC sitcom Blackadder. It was written by Richard Curtis and Ben Elton. It aired from 9 January to 20 February 1986. The series is set in England during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558-1603). The main character, Edmund, Lord Blackadder is a Tudor courtier trying to win the favour of the Queen while avoiding the fate of many of her suitors.
The series had several from the format of The Black Adder. These changes were: Ben Elton replaced Rowan Atkinson as the second writer, it was made in studio sets, rather than on location, the introduction of the more familiar Machiavellian "Blackadder" character and a less intelligent Baldrick.
Cast
The size of the main cast was smaller compared to the previous series. A fixed number of characters appeared in every episode.
Rowan Atkinson as Lord Edmund Blackadder
Tim McInnerny as Lord Percy Percy, Heir to the Duchy of Northumberland
Tony Robinson as Baldrick
Miranda Richardson as Queen Elizabeth I of England
Stephen Fry as Lord Melchett, the Lord Chamberlain
Patsy Byrne as Nursie
The series also had at least one significant cameo role per episode. There were notable appearances from Rik Mayall, playing Lord Flashheart in "Bells", two figures famous for their roles in science fiction series - Tom Baker and Simon Jones - in "Potato", Miriam Margolyes, as the puritanical Lady Whiteadder, and Hugh Laurie appearing twice, first as the drunken Simon Partridge in "Beer" and in the final episode as the evil Prince Ludwig. Laurie was later given a larger role as George in the next two series.
References
Other websites
Blackadder II at the former BBC Guide to Comedy (archive)
1986 television series debuts
1986 television series endings
1980s British sitcoms
BBC television sitcoms
Fiction set in the past
Television series set in London
English-language television programs
1980s British television series debuts
Paul Greengrass

Paul Greengrass (born 13 August 1955) is an English movie director, movie producer, screenwriter, and former journalist. His best known work was Bloody Sunday. Other movies he directed included: Bourne action/thriller series: The Bourne Supremacy (2004), The Bourne Ultimatum (2007), and Jason Bourne (2016); United 93 (2006), for which he won the BAFTA Award for Best Director and received an Academy Award for Best Director nomination.
References
BAFTA Award winning directors
1955 births
Living people
English movie directors
English movie producers
English screenwriters
Writers from Surrey
List of East Africa ODI cricketers

This list includes all players from East Africa who have played at least one ODI match at the 1975 Cricket World Cup. The players came from Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia.
Key
Players
To sort this table by any statistic, click on the icon up to the column title.
References
Lists of One Day International cricketers
Jan Karwecki

Jan Karwecki (2 January 1949 - 5 June 2019) was a Polish footballer. He played as a goalkeeper.
Karwecki was born in Glinno. He played between the late 1960s and early 1980s for clubs Gornik Walbrzych, Lech Poznan, Szombierki Bytom, Wisla Krakow and Cracovia. He also made five appearances for Poland between 1974 and 1975.
Karwecki died in Krakow on 5 June 2019, at the age of 70.
References
Other websites
1949 births
2019 deaths
Association football goalkeepers
Polish footballers
Wet boxer contest

The wet boxer-short contest is a beauty contest between men in their underwear. It is a lot like a wet t-shirt contest that shows women. However, unlike a wet T-shirt contest the water used is warm instead of cold. The contests are often considered degrading for women due to sexism, however they are not for men and are instead considered comical.
Wet boxer contests are also held in gay bars.
Notes
Human sexuality
Competitions
Flags of the Nguyễn dynasty's administrative units

Flags of the Nguyen Dynasty's administrative units were used since about 1868 to 1885, with 2:2 ratio.
Royal provinces
Provinces of Northern Region
Provinces of Central Region
Related pages
Provinces of Vietnam
List of flags of Vietnam
References
Peter Truhart, Regents of Nations, K.G Saur Munich, 1984-1988 , Art. "Vietnamese Dynasties/Vietnamesische Dynastien", pp. 1786-1790.
Vietnamese flags
Flags of the Nguyen dynasty's administrative units
The star icon in Vietnamese consciousness
History of Vietnam
Provinces of Vietnam
Symbols of Vietnam
Diomedes

Diomedes (, Diomedes - "God-like cunning, advised by Zeus") was an ancient Greek hero and one of the central figures of the Iliad. Son of King Tydeus and Queen Deipyle, he was the leader of the Argive contingent during the Trojan War. Diomedes was, alongside Greater Ajax, regarded as one of the greatest of all the Achaean warriors, second only to Achilles in terms of prowess.
People in Greek mythology
Dutch Americans

Dutch Americans (Dutch: Nederlandse Amerikanen), not to be confused with the Pennsylvania Dutch, are Americans of Dutch descent whose ancestors came from the Netherlands. Dutch settlement in the Americas started in 1613 with New Amsterdam, which was exchanged with the English for Suriname at the Treaty of Breda (1667) and renamed to New York City. The English split the Dutch colony of New Netherland into two pieces, and named them New York and New Jersey. More immigration occurred in the 19th and 20th centuries.
References
Ethnic groups in the United States
T-Mobile Park

T-Mobile Park is a baseball park in Seattle, Washington. It is the home field of the Seattle Mariners of Major League Baseball. It opened in 1999, and it replaced the Mariners' old stadium, the Kingdome.
The stadium opened as Safeco Field, with the locally based Safeco Insurance signing a 20-year contract to place its name on the stadium. With the contract ending after the 2018 season, Safeco chose not to renew it. The team then signed a new 25-year naming rights contract with wireless carrier T-Mobile US, the main American arm of German telecom giant Deutsche Telekom. The new name took effect on January 1, 2019.
Sources
Green Cathedrals, by Philip J. Lowry
Major League Baseball venues
Seattle Mariners
Sports buildings in the United States
Buildings and structures in Seattle
Sports in Washington (state)
1999 establishments in the United States
1990s establishments in Washington (state)
Contest, Mayenne

Contest is a commune of 765 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Mayenne
Summoner

The Summoner is one of the characters in the Canterbury Tales.
He is always drunk. Children are afraid of him. When he drinks too much wine, he starts speaking in Latin. He has pimples on his face but is rather intelligent. Chaucer used to write about the medieval age. Anachronism can be found in his writings easily. Everything that he has described about the Summoner is set in that time.
The Canterbury Tales
Ron Fairly

Ronald Ray Fairly (July 12, 1938 - October 30, 2019) was an American Major League Baseball player and broadcaster. He was born in Macon, Georgia. He played for the Los Angeles Dodgers, Montreal Expos, St. Louis Cardinals, Oakland Athletics, Toronto Blue Jays and the California Angels. He broadcasted for the Seattle Mariners.
Fairly died on October 30, 2019 of cancer in Indian Wells, California at the age of 81.
References
1938 births
2019 deaths
Cancer deaths in California
American League All-Stars
California Angels players
Los Angeles Dodgers players
Montreal Expos players
National League All-Stars
Oakland Athletics players
St. Louis Cardinals players
Toronto Blue Jays players
Sportspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)
People from Macon, Georgia
Theory of forms

The Theory of forms is a philosophical idea held by the famous Greek philosopher Plato. Plato believed that behind every single thing in our world there is a form, which is the true eternal essence of that thing. We can explain this view with an example. In the world there are many different horses: big horses and small horses, grey horses and white horses, old horses and young horses and so forth. According to Plato each horse is an imperfect copy of the horse 'form', the one true horse. In other words, they are all imitations of the perfect horse. Plato uses shadows as an analogy: Like a tree forms a shadow, so is the tree itself a shadow of the 'form', the one true tree. The Theory of forms applies not only to physical objects but also to abstract concepts such as beauty, anger, good and evil.
Platonic idealism also explains that it is impossible for us to perceive these forms through our senses, like our sense of hearing or sense of seeing. The only way we can truly understand a form is through the use of logic and mathematics. Through mathematics, we have discovered the form of the triangle: a polygon with 3 sides. However we will never be able to truly see with our eyes such a triangle. Even if we tried to draw it on a whiteboard with a ruler, it's lines will never be perfectly straight and two-dimensional.
Philosophy
José Manuel Piñeiro Amigo

Jose Manuel Pineiro Amigo (27 May 1938 - 1 June 2021) was a Spanish politician and lawyer. He worked at the Congress of Deputies from 1977 until 1982. He was born in Cambados, Spain.
Pineiro Amigo died on 1 June 2021, aged 83.
References
Spanish politicians
Spanish lawyers
1938 births
2021 deaths
Akbar Eftekhari

Akbar Eftekhari () (7 December 1943 - 9 November 2017) was an Iranian football player. He played for Iran national football team.
Eftekhari died on 7 December 1943 at the age of 73.
References
1943 births
2017 deaths
Iranian footballers
Pro-choice

Pro-choice is the view that a woman should have the right to decide whether or not to have an abortion and that there should not be laws that stop people from getting abortions.
People who are pro-choice believe that people should be able to use abortion to end a pregnancy. The view that abortion should be against the law is called pro-life.
The pro-choice movement is sometimes called the abortion rights movement. It is largely based on the belief, that woman should be able to decide what they want to do with their bodies. Having a baby would be a huge invasion to the body and should be a choice. They believe that an unborn embryo should not be valued over the pregnant woman. Pro-choice believes in a woman's right to choose.
Related pages
Abortion debate
Anti-abortion movement
Social movements related to abortion
Burji language

Burji is a Cushitic language. It is spoken in Ethiopia and Kenya, south of Lake Chamo. Around 70,000 people speak the language.
References
Highland East Cushitic languages
Languages of Ethiopia
Kenya
Haynesville, Maine

Haynesville is a town in Aroostook County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Chase Claypool

Chase Claypool (born July 7, 1998) is a Canadian professional American football wide receiver for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Notre Dame and was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the second round of the 2020 NFL Draft.
1998 births
Living people
American football wide receivers
Canadian players of American football
Chicago Bears players
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Howard Hesseman

Howard Lex Hesseman (February 27, 1940 - January 29, 2022) was an American actor. He was best known for playing disc jockey Johnny Fever on WKRP in Cincinnati and schoolteacher Charlie Moore on Head of the Class.
Hesseman died on January 29, 2022 after having colon cancer-related surgery in Los Angeles, California, at the age of 81.
References
Other websites
1940 births
2022 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Oregon
Deaths from surgical complications
Languages of the Philippines

The Phiilippines are a group of islands between Malaysia and Taiwan. Many different groups of people live on the Philippines. Between 120 and 187 languages are spoken on the Phiilippines. For over three centuries, the Philippines were a colony of Spain. Amongst others, the Spanish introduced free public schools, which taught in Spanish. For a long time, the United States controlled the Philippines, so English is also commonly understood. In 1935, both English and Spanish were national langues. In the 1970s, when the Phliipppines had become independent, Spanish was dropped as an official language, and standardized version of Tagalog, called Filiipino was added. The 1987 constitution designates Filipino, a standardized version of Tagalog, as the national language and an official language along with English. Fililipino serves as a lingua franca. It allows people from different language families to communicate. On October 30, 2018, President Rodrigo Duterte signed into law Republic Act 11106, which declares Filipino Sign Language or FSL to be the country's official sign language and as the Philippine government's official language in communicating with the Filipino Deaf.
Filpino is used in everyday life, and when people from different language groups want to communicate. The government operates mostly using English. Including second-language speakers, there are more speakers of Filipino than English in the Philippines. The other regional languages are given official auxiliary status in their respective places according to the constitution but particular languages are not specified. Some of these regional languages are also used in education.
The indigenous scripts of the Philippines (such as the Kulitan, Tagbanwa and others) are used very little; instead, Philippine languages are today written in the Latin script. Before they became independen in 1946, the Philippines had been a Spanish and a United States colony. Baybayin, though generally not understood, is one of the most well-known of the Philippine indigenous scripts and is used mainly in artistic applications such as on the Philippine banknotes, where the word "Pilipino" is inscribed using the writing system. Additionally, the Arabic script is used in the Muslim areas in the southern Philippines.
References
Le Pin, Allier

Le Pin is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin

A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin is a book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, the writer of Uncle Tom's Cabin. She was trying to show that the stories she wrote about slaves in Uncle Tom's Cabin were true. However, later studies showed that Stowe had actually read lots of the books she wrote about in A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin after she had published her novel. It was first published in 1853 by Jewett, Proctor & Worthington.
References
Otter, Samuel. "Stowe and Race." The Cambridge Companion to Harriet Beecher Stowe. Ed. Cindy Weinstein. Cambridge Companions to Literature (Cctl). Cambridge, England: Cambridge UP, 2004. 15-38.
Stowe, Harriet Beecher. A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin; Presenting the Original Facts and Documents Upon Which the Story Is Founded. Together with Corroborative Statements Verifying the Truth of the Work. Boston & Cleveland, OH: Jewett, Proctor & Worthington, 1852.
Other websites
Full text of A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin (1854 edition) at the electronic text center of the University of Virginia. It is part of "Uncle Tom's Cabin and American Culture: A Multimedia Archive" directed by Stephen Railton. Accessed July 22, 2006.
Slavery
Non-fiction books
CMY color model

CMY color model is a color model, used in color printing. CMY refers to the three inks used in printing: cyan, magenta, and yellow.
The CMY model is subtractive. It means that it subtracts or masks colors from white background of the paper. The ink reduces the reflected light. White light minus red leaves cyan, white light minus green leaves magenta, and white light minus blue leaves yellow.
White is the natural color of the paper, while (nearly) black is made by a full combination of colored inks.
Unlike CMYK color model, it does not use additional black ink. So, it is not such economic and not so good at reproducing dark hues.
Related pages
CMYK color model
RGB color model
Color model
References
Other websites
XCmyk - CMYK to RGB Calculator with source code
Color Space Fundamentals- animated illustration of RGB vs. CMYK
Color model
Printing
Photography
John Hancock

John Hancock (January 12, 1737 - October 8, 1793) was an early American patriot, a leader in the American Revolutionary War, and an American statesman. He was the first man to sign America's Declaration of Independence. In modern America, "John Hancock" is a synonym for signature.
Hancock's ancestors arrived in the English colonies in 1652. In 1737, Hancock was born in Braintree (now Quincy, Massachusetts). When John Hancock Jr. his father died, he was adopted by his uncle, a merchant in Boston, Massachusetts. At his uncle's death in 1754, Hancock inherited the business. He became a leading merchant in Boston and one of the richest in the colonies.
In 1768, British officials seized his ship, the Liberty. It carried a shipment of wine. The officials said he was smuggling. Boston patriots rioted and he was acquitted. This incident was one of the events that led to the American Revolutionary War.
Hancock had several important jobs in Colonial America and the early United States of America. He was president of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress in 1774 and 1775. He used his money to support American independence. The British thought him a very dangerous man.
Hancock was president of the Continental Congress in 1774 and 1775. He wanted to lead the Continental Army. George Washington got the job instead. With 5,000 troops, he tried to free Rhode Island from the British. He was not successful.
Hancock led the convention that adopted the Massachusetts Constitution in 1780. He was first Governor of the state Massachusetts. He served nine terms. Hancock suffered from gout in his later life. He died in 1793.
References
1737 births
1793 deaths
Hancock, John
Hancock, John
Hancock, John
People from Quincy, Massachusetts
Port Royal, Virginia

Port Royal, Virginia is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.
Towns in Virginia