pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Shaun Woodward

Shaun Anthony Woodward (born 26 October 1958 in Bristol, England) is a British politician and is the Shadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland in Ed Miliband's shadow cabinet. He is the Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of St Helens South in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.
He was first elected in the 1997 general election as the Conservative Party MP for the constituency of Witney but changed to Labour in 1999. At the 2001 General Election he was made the MP for the St Helens South constituency and was the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland from 2007 to 2010. When Ed Miliband became Labour leader, Shaun Woodward was made the Shadow Secretary of State for Northern Ireland.
1958 births
Living people
English politicians
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Labour Party (UK) MPs
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
People from Bristol
Secretaries of State for Northern Ireland
Dacquoise

A dacquoise is a dessert cake. It is made with layers of almond and hazelnut meringue and whipped cream or buttercream. The name comes from the French word , meaning "of Dax". (Dax is a town in southwestern France.) It is usually served chilled with fruit. One form of dacquoise is marjolaine. Marjolaine is long and rectangular and combines almond and hazelnut meringue layers with chocolate buttercream.
A classic dacquoise is made of two layers of a meringue filled with an egg-yolk-based buttercream. Often, the layers are of a meringue japonais. (Meringue japonais means there are ground nuts added.) The nuts can be blanched almonds or hazelnuts. While this dacquoise is based on layers of meringue japonais, it is held together with a mix of sour cream and milk and dark chocolates.
Cakes
Quincy, Massachusetts

Quincy is a city in Norfolk County in the U.S. State of Massachusetts. It is part of Metropolitan Boston.
It is named after Colonel John Quincy, who was Abigail Adams' mother's father. Quincy also had Adams' son, John Quincy Adams, named after him. It is the birthplace of John Adams, the second U.S. President, and Adams' son, John Quincy Adams, the sixth U.S. President. It was settled in 1625 and officially founded in 1792.
References
Cities in Massachusetts
1625 establishments
1620s establishments in Massachusetts
Ash heap of history

The "ash heap of history", also called "dustbin of history" or "garbage heap of history" or "landfill of history", is a figurative speech about people, events, artifacts, and ideologies. It is used about people that are forgotten or things that will be forgotten in history.
Ronald Reagan used this speech as an example and the Soviet Union, Leninism, and Marxism will eventually fall and be forgotten.
Leon Trotsky once famously used the phrase "dustbin of history" referring to when the Mensheviks walked out of a meeting during the Russian Revolution in 1917.
Speeches by Ronald Reagan
Salvatore Schillaci

Salvatore Schillaci (born 1 December 1964) is a former Italian football player. He has played for Italy national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1982/83||rowspan="7"|Messina||Serie C2||26||3||||||||||26||3
|-
|1983/84||rowspan="3"|Serie C1||26||4||||||||||26||4
|-
|1984/85||31||4||||||||||31||4
|-
|1985/86||31||11||||||||||31||11
|-
|1986/87||rowspan="3"|Serie B||33||3||||||||||33||3
|-
|1987/88||37||13||||||||||37||13
|-
|1988/89||35||23||||||||||35||23
|-
|1989/90||rowspan="3"|Juventus||rowspan="3"|Serie A||30||15||||||||||30||15
|-
|1990/91||29||5||||||||||29||5
|-
|1991/92||31||6||||||||||31||6
|-
|1992/93||rowspan="2"|Internazionale Milano||rowspan="2"|Serie A||21||6||||||||||21||6
|-
|1993/94||9||5||||||||||9||5
|-
|1994||rowspan="4"|Jubilo Iwata||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||18||9||1||0||4||5||23||14
|-
|1995||34||31||0||0||colspan="2"|-||34||31
|-
|1996||23||15||0||0||8||3||31||18
|-
|1997||3||1||0||0||2||1||5||2
339||98||||||||||339||98
78||56||1||0||14||9||93||65
417||154||1||0||14||9||432||163
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1990||12||6
|-
|1991||4||1
|-
!Total||16||7
|}
References
1964 births
Living people
Italian footballers
Sportspeople from Palermo
Vernoy

Vernoy is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Spider-Man: Friend or Foe

Spider-Man: Friend or Foe is a 2007 action-adventure beat 'em up video game based on the Marvel Comics superhero Spider-Man. The game borrows characters and designs from Sam Raimi's Spider-Man trilogy, with a plot that is non-canon to the films. The game was released for Microsoft Windows, Nintendo DS, PlayStation 2, Wii, Xbox 360, and PlayStation Portable in October 2007. The game was also going to be released on the PlayStation 3, but was canceled.
Gameplay
Players team up with famous heroes from the Marvel Universe to combat villains in epic boss battles, whom they then convert into sidekick allies to aid them for the rest of their journey.
2007 video games
Nintendo DS games
Wii games
Xbox 360 games
PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation Portable games
Windows games
Spider-Man video games
Pikeville, Tennessee

Pikeville is a city in Tennessee in the United States. It is the county seat of Bledsoe County.
Cities in Tennessee
County seats in Tennessee
Gallarate

Gallarate (Lombard: Galaraa) is a city in northern Italy. Gallarate is in the Lombardy Region. It has a population of 52,857 people.
Cities in Lombardy
Women’s Equality Party

The Women's Equality Party was a political party. It was founded in July 2014 in New York by Christine Quinn, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo, and Lieutenant Governor candidate Kathy Hochul.
Mission
To guarantee equal pay for women across the state
Supporters
Nita Lowey
Grace Meng
Lena Dunham
Christie Brinkley
Sandra Lee
Other websites
Official website
http://fortune.com/2014/10/30/womens-equality-party-new-york/
http://www.capitalnewyork.com/tags/womens-equality-party
http://www.nystateofpolitics.com/2014/07/democrats-unveil-womens-equality-party/
Political parties in the United States
2014 establishments in New York (state)
2010s establishments in New York (state)
Speech disorder

A speech disorder or speech impairment is a long-lasting communication problem, caused by problems with speaking. People with speech impairments have problems making certain sounds, forming words, or combining these words into sentences. Common speech impairments are stuttering, lisps and rhotacism (inability or difficulty pronouncing the R sound). Someone who cannot speak at all is called mute.
References
Honoré Blanc

Honore Blanc (1736-1807) was a French gunsmith and inventor. He was one of the first to use the concept of interchangeable parts. Blanc was born in Avignon, France in 1736. At age 12 he became an apprentice to a gunsmith. He was an armorer at the Charleville armory in Charleville-Mezieres, Ardennes, France. In 1763 he became the controller of gunlocks at the Saint-Etienne arms factory. Just before the French Revolution, he came up with the idea of interchangeable parts for gun locks.
Interchangeable parts
By the 1760s, Blanc was making specialized machinery and tools to make gunlocks. His design for the Musket Model 1777 was accepted and he was made chief controller for three arms factories. In 1785, in an experiment, Blanc mixed parts from 25 gunlocks and assembled several models with ease. His demonstration showed the benefit of interchangeable parts and how it worked. He repeated the experiment for military policy makers in 1790. The French Academy of Sciences supported his idea in 1791. But the Legislative assembly would not fund his work. Blanc shifted his attention to setting up a private company to produce gunlocks using interchangeable parts in 1791. Even after receiving permission and funds from the French government, he was very slow in getting started. He did not produce any gunlocks until 1796. His factory was still making gunlocks in 1807 when Blanc died.
In the United States
While European gunsmiths were not impressed by the idea, he did interest the American Ambassador to France, Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson quickly saw that mass production of weapons parts would free America from dependence on European sources for parts. He could not get Blanc to move to the United States but he did convince President George Washington it was a good idea. In 1798, Eli Whitney got the first contract for 10,000 muskets to be delivered within two years. Whitney used a large force of unskilled workers and machinery to produce standardized identical parts at a low cost. This was the first time in the US Blanc's ideas of mass production were put to use. Congress had already decided to pattern the new musket after the 1763 French Charleville musket. This was one that Blanc had worked on early in his career. What resulted was the Springfield Model 1795 Musket, the first military musket made in the United States.
References
Other websites
LeBlanc and Interchangeable parts
History of Interchangeable Parts
1736 births
1807 deaths
French inventors
Emperor Ankō

was the 20th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. Historians consider details about the life of Emperor Anko to be possibly legendary, but probable. The name Anko-tenno was created for him posthumously by later generations.
No certain dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign. The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty.
Traditional history
The Kojiki and Nihon Shoki record that Anko was the second son of Emperor Ingyo.
Some accounts report that Anko murdered his own father.
Events of Anko's life
Very little is known about the events of Anko's life and reign. Only limited information is available for study prior to the reign of the 29th monarch, Emperor Kimmei.
462: According to Chinese records, a delegation from the Japanese monarch was received in the court of the southern Sung Dynasty. The "king" mentioned in these documents probably would have been Emperor Anko.
It is believed that Anko was murdered in the third year of his reign.
After his death
This emperor's official name after his death (his posthumous name) was regularized many centuries after the lifetime which was ascribed to Anko.
According to the Imperial Household Agency, the emperor's final resting place is in an earthen tumulus (kofun). This emperor is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) which is associated with the burial mound.
Related pages
Emperor of Japan
List of emperors of Japan
Japanese imperial family tree
Kofun period
References
Other websites
Emperors of Japan
Tatts Group Limited

Tatts Group Limited, formerly known as Tattersalls, is the name of a company in Australia that helps people to bet money. Tattersalls has made lots of money. A woman named Helen Harvey owned Tattersalls and had lots of money. When she died, she gave the money to her friend Martin Bryant. When Bryant went to jail after he killed people in the Port Arthur massacre, he had to give all of the money to people who were killed or injured there.
Other websites
Tattersalls website
2006 establishments in Australia
Companies of Australia
L'Anse Township, Michigan

L'Anse Township is a civil township of Baraga County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2010 census, the township population was 3,843.
References
Townships in Michigan
Pope Alexander II

Pope Alexander II (born Anselmo da Baggio; ??? - 21 April 1073) was pope of the Catholic Church from 30 September 1061 until 21 April 1073 when he died.
He was born Anselmo da Baggio in Milan to a noble family. In 1065, he wrote to Beranger, the Viscount of Narbonne, and to Guifred, the bishop of the city. He praised them for having prevented the massacre of the Jews in their district. He also reminded them that God does not approve of the shedding of blood. The same year, Alexander II warned Landulf VI of Benevento "that the conversion of Jews is not to be obtained by force." He also called for a crusade against the Moors in Spain in the same year.
He died on 21 April 1073 in Rome and was buried in St. Peter's Basilica. He was succeeded by Pope Gregory VII.
References
Italian popes
People from Milan
Year of birth unknown
List of World Heritage Sites in France

This is a list of World Heritage Sites in France that are in UNESCO's World Heritage List. Currently, thirty-seven properties in France are on the World Heritage List. Thirty-three of these are cultural properties, three are natural properties, and one is mixed. The first was added to the list in 1979 and the latest in 2011.
Properties on the World Heritage List
References
France-related lists
France
La Salle, Aosta Valley

La Salle is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.
References
Settlements in Valle d'Aosta
Hildburghausen (district)

Hildburghausen is a district in Thuringia, Germany. It covers most of the same territory as the old Ernestine duchy of Saxe-Hildburghausen.
Coat of arms
The coat of arms displays:
the heraldic lion of Meissen
the cock representing the counts of Henneberg, who ruled the region until 1583
below the symbol of the bishopric of Wurzburg is displayed
Towns and municipalities
Related pages
Saxe-Hildburghausen
References
Other websites
Official website
Katy Carmichael

Katy Jane Carmichael (born 5 March 1970) is an English actress, director, and producer. She is known for her roles as DC Jo McMullen in the ITV crime drama series Liverpool 1 (1998-1999), Twist Morgan in the Channel 4 sitcom Spaced (1999-2001), Lucy Barlow in the ITV soap opera Coronation Street (2002-2003), and Melissa Ryan in the BBC One school-based drama series Waterloo Road (2009).
Personal life
Carmichael was born and brought up in Liverpool. She has been married to actor Tristan Sturrock since 2005. They have three children together.
Other websites
1970 births
Living people
English television actors
English movie actors
English comedians
Actors from Liverpool
Giovanni Bramucci

Giovanni Bramucci (15 November 1946 - 26 September 2019) was an Italian road cyclist. He was born in Civitavecchia, Italy.
In 1968 he won bronze medals in the team time trial at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City and UCI Road World Championships. He finished eighth at the Olympics and tenth at the world championships. After that he turned professional, but had little success and retired in 1971.
References
1946 births
2019 deaths
Italian Olympic bronze medalists
Italian cyclists
Clinton, Maine

Clinton is a town in Kennebec County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Ella Mitchell

Ella Mitchell (born 15 August 1937) is an American soul singer and actress. She is best remembered for playing Hattie Mae Pierce (Big Momma) in the 2000 comedy movie Big Momma's House. She also played Evillene the evil witch in the Broadway theatre musical The Wiz.
References
Other websites
The Wiz
1937 births
Living people
Actors from Ohio
singers from Ohio
American voice actors
comedians from Ohio
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
African American actors
African-American singers
African-American voice actors
African American comedians
African-American movie actors
African-American television actors
African-American stage actors
El Muerto

El Muerto (in English, "The Dead One") is a superhero from a self-published comic book series made by Javier Hernandez. His real name is Juan Diego de la Muerte, or simply "Diego". Some of El Muerto's powers include super-strength, near-immortality, and the power to resurrect the dead. He got his powers after being kidnapped by the Aztec gods of death and destiny and being sacrificed in an ancient ritual.
Publication
El Muerto was first published in a comic book titled, "Daze of the Dead: The Numero Uno Edition" at the 1998 Alternative Press Expo in San Diego, California. The character has had much success since then, and has appeared in several different mediums such as a 2007 independent film.
History
Juan Diego de la Muerte was born and raised in Whittier, California. He became fascinated with Aztec mythology and the Dia de los Muertos ("Day of the Dead") traditions in Mexico. Raised Catholic, Diego often wondered what the Aztecs thought when their religion was replaced with what the Spanish conquerors believed. On his 21st birthday, Diego is excited for an upcoming Dia de los Muertos festival. Unfortunately his friends could not join him and Diego was forced to go alone. Borrowing his friend's car, Diego is dressed as an undead Mariachi. To celebrate the occasion, he got a tattoo of an Aztec skull days earlier. Unknown to him, the skull is actually a symbol of death representing the Aztec death god. The car crashes into a tree, killing Diego. He later wakes up in the land of the dead, Mictlan, where the Aztec gods Mictlantecuhtli and Tezcatlipoca sacrifice him. His heart is removed, and his facepaint is burned into his skin. He is told that he must fulfill an ancient prophecy and is sent back to the land of the living one year after his death. After he learns that he is truly dead, he finds out he has supernatural powers and decides to use them to help people.
Movies
El Muerto (film) (2007)
Sources
Other websites
Official site
Official fansite
Comics characters
Comic books
Consumer confidence

Consumer confidence is an economic word that measures the degree of optimism that consumers feel about the overall state of the economy and their personal financial situation. If the consumer has confidence in the economy, it is more likely they will spend money rather than save money.
References
Economic indicators
Raa Raa the Noisy Lion

Raa Raa the Noisy Lion is a British stop motion animated children's television programme first broadcast in 2 May 2011, which is shown on CBeebies. It features a group of animal-based characters and their adventures and activities through the Jingly Jangly Jungle. The show is narrated by Lorraine Kelly and is produced by Chapman Entertainment (series one and two) and DreamWorks Animation Television (series three and four).
Characters
Raa Raa (voiced by Bradley Shedden in series one and two, Tyler Coleman in series three): A fun-loving and noisy little lion.
Topsy (voiced by Eden Jarrett): A giraffe who loves to read and the tallest and oldest friend ever. She sometimes can be bossy, but it is only because she wants to help her friends as best as she can.
Zebby (voiced by Mia Hann): A kind and gentle zebra who sometimes gets hungry.
Hufty (voiced by Oliver Dillon): An elephant who loves music and giving his friends a ride on his train.
Ooo Ooo (voiced by Jamie Oram): A monkey who is fun and likes to swing on vines.
Crocky (voiced by Max Miller): A crocodile who likes to hang out by the river and ride in his log boat.
Pia (voiced by Hayden Hunter): A parrot who likes to fly high in the air. She debuted in series three.
Scuttle: A purple spider who has eight legs. She debuted in series three.
Stripy (voiced by Billy Jenkins): A striped orange tiger. He debuted in series four.
Slowly (voiced by Brian Cloppes): A green nicely turtle. who walks slow she debuted in series five.
Narrator (voiced by unknown)
Episodes
Series overview
Pilot (2009)
Series 1 (2011)
Series 2 (2012)
Series 3 (2017)
Series 4 (2019)
Series 5 (2022)
A Series Five was Announced for same time for channel.
References
Other websites
Official website (archived)
2011 British television series debuts
2018 British television series endings
British animated television series
British children's television series
BBC Television programmes
CBeebies
Musei

Musei (Musei) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,528 people lived there. Its area is 20.27 km2. It is 119 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Cervelat

Cervelat, also cervelas, servelat or zervelat, is a sausage produced in Switzerland, France and parts of Germany. They contain a mixture of beef, bacon and pork rind. The cervelat is often referred to as the national sausage of Switzerland. Swiss cervelats are prepared and eaten cooked or raw. They are boiled, grilled or fried. They can also be served uncooked, either in a salad or with bread and mustard. The sausages are called cervelas in the French-speaking part of Switzerland, Cervelat in the German-speaking part, and servelat in the Italian-speaking part.
Sausage
German food
Italian food
Swiss food
Ravindra Jain

Ravindra Jain (28 February 1944 - 9 October 2015) was an Indian music composer and lyricist.
He won the Filmfare Best Music Director Award in 1985. Jain was one of the most notable Hindi music directors. He started his career in the early 1970s, composing for hit movies such as Chor Machaye Shor (1974), Geet Gaata Chal (1975), Chitchor (1976) and Ankhiyon Ke Jharokhon Se (1978).
Jain died of multiple organ failure at the age of 71.
References
Other websites
1944 births
2015 deaths
Indian composers
Deaths from multiple organ failure
Disease-related deaths in India
Indian musicians
Bollywood playback singers
Paden, Mississippi

Paden is a village in Tishomingo County, Mississippi, United States.
Villages in Mississippi
Jan Krzysztof Bielecki

Jan Krzysztof Bielecki (born 3 May 1951) is a Polish liberal politician and economist. He was Prime Minister of Poland for most of 1991.
Bielecki was president of Bank Pekao between 2003 and 2010 and president of the Polish Institute of International Affairs between 2009 and 2015.
References
1951 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Poland
Polish economists
Cartilage

Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue found in many parts of the body. It can bend a bit, but resists stretching.
Its main function is to connect bones together. It is also found in the joints, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the throat and between the bones of the back. Another function of cartilage is to create a place on which bones can form when they are first developed. It also helps to protect the places where bones work against each other: the joints. In some fish like sharks (Chondrichthyes), cartilage forms the whole of the skeleton.
Unlike other connective tissues, cartilage does not contain blood vessels. The cells are supplied by diffusion. So, compared to other connective tissues, cartilage grows and repairs more slowly. Cartilage also does not contain nerves, making the hard tissue painless if damage is caused. However, the breaking of a cartilage often results in damage to tendons and muscles, which certainly does cause pain.
There are many diseases caused by defects in cartilage. One of the most common is osteoarthritis, where the cartilage wears so thin that bone rubs against bone. Cartilage acts as a barrier, preventing the entry of lymphocytes or diffusion of immunoglobulins. This allows surgeons to transplant of cartilage from one person to another without fear of tissue rejection.
Parts
Cartilage is made of special cells (called chondroblasts) that produce a large amount of matrix outside the cells. The matrix is composed of
collagen fibres,
a ground substance rich in proteoglycan. This is a protein linked to glycans.
different types of fibres. These are collagen , elastin and reticulate fibers.
Notes
Other websites
University of Kansas Medical Center Cartilage tutorial
Public domain text from Gray's anatomy dated 1918, so probably needs updating
I've heard 'Ears and nose do not ever stop growing.' Is this false?
Skeletal system
Animal tissues
Sue Bird

Sue Bird is a retired WNBA basketball player who played for the Seattle Storm. She is a four time WNBA champion.
Living people
American basketball players
Women's basketball players
Karen Lewis

Karen Lewis (June 26, 1953 - February 7, 2021) was an American Chicago Public Schools teacher and labor leader. She was the president of the Chicago Teachers Union from 2010 to 2014. She was a former King College Prep High School and Lane Technical High School chemistry teacher. She was a teacher for 22 years.
Lewis was considering running for Mayor of Chicago in 2015. In July 2014 poll, Lewis defeated Emanuel in a hypothetical electoral contest by 45-36 . She decided not to run for mayor due to health issues and endorses Chuy Garcia.
On October 9, 2014, Lewis was hospitalized for a "serious illness". At the time, no further details about Lewis' health have been revealed. On October 13, a source confirmed that Lewis had been diagnosed with glioblastoma.
Lewis died from problems caused by the cancer in Chicago on February 7, 2021 at the age of 67.
References
1953 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from glioblastoma
American teachers
American labor leaders
Cancer deaths in Chicago
Educators from Chicago
Rakhiv

Rakhiv (; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; or Rakhyv) is a city in the Zakarpattia Oblast (province) in western Ukraine. It is the administrative centre of Rakhiv Raion (district). In 2020, 15,601 people lived there.
Other websites
Cities in Zakarpattia Oblast
La Crau

La Crau is a commune of 18,506 people (2018). It is in Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France.
Communes in Var
Ampharos

Ampharos is an Electric-type Pokemon that first appeared in the second generation games, Gold/Silver/Crystal. It evolves from Flaaffy at Level 30, which in-turn evolved from Mareep at Level 15. The Pokedex classifies it as the Lighthouse Pokemon, which has often been portrayed in various media: In Pokemon Gold, Silver and Crystal, an Ampharos lights-up the Olivine City lighthouse.
From X/Y onwards, an Ampharos holding the Ampharosite item can mega evolve into Mega Ampharos, which is an Electric/Dragon type with extra points mostly going into its Special Attack stat. However it does lose 10 points of speed.
Pokemon monsters
Saulos Chilima

Saulos Klaus Chilima (born 12 February 1973, Ntcheu) is a Malawian economist, politician and was the vice president of the Republic of Malawi.
Education
Chilima went on to the University of Malawi, Chancellor College, where he obtained degree in social sciences, a master's degree in Knowledge Management, and received his Ph.D. in Knowledge Management from the University of Bolton in the United Kingdom.
Personal life
Chilima is married to Mary (nee Chibambo) and they have two children.
References
1973 births
Living people
Vice presidents
Malawian politicians
Colleret

Colleret is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 1,617 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Toccopola, Mississippi

Toccopola is a town in Pontotoc County, Mississippi, United States.
Towns in Mississippi
Georges Bizet

Georges Bizet (25 October 1838 - 3 June 1875) was a French composer of the Romantic period. He is best known for his opera Carmen, which is the best-known of all French operas.
Bizet was born in Paris and died in Bougival. After he died, most of his work was not popular. Many of the manuscripts he made were lost. After many years, his work started to be performed more.
References
1838 births
1875 deaths
19th-century French composers
Musicians from Paris
People with foods named after them
Romantic composers
Igor Ivanov

Igor Sergeyevich Ivanov (Russian: Igor' Sergeevich Ivanov; born 23 September 1945) is a Russian politician. He was a Foreign Minister of Russia from 30 September 1998 to 24 February 2004.
Other websites
RussianCouncil.ru
1945 births
Living people
Russian politicians
Soviet politicians
Russian diplomats
Gibbons v. Ogden

Gibbons v. Ogden was a United States Supreme Court case from 1824. Mostly because of a disagreement between who should be regulating the trading of goods and services between states. It gave the Congress the power to control interstate commerce.
United States Supreme Court cases
United States law
1824 in the United States
Gardefort

Gardefort is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 129 people lived there in January 2019.
Population
References
Communes in Cher
Niels Henrik Abel

Niels Henrik Abel (5 August 1802 - 6 April 1829) was a Norwegian mathematician. He died in 1829.
He did the first complete proof demonstrating the impossibility of solving the general quintic equation in radicals.
Legacy
The Abel Prize (Abel-prisen) is named after him.
Related pages
List of scientists from Europe
References
1802 births
1829 deaths
Abel Prize
Deaths from tuberculosis
Norwegian Lutherans
Norwegian mathematicians
Scientists from Oslo
University of Oslo alumni
4 BC

Year 4 BC was a common year starting on Tuesday or Wednesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Sabinus and Rufus.
Events
Herod Archelaus becomes the ruler of Judea. Herod Antipas rules Galilee and Perea.
Publius Quintilius Varus leads Roman legions to Jerusalem to restore order. He crucifies 2,000 Jewish rebels.
Births
Jesus (possible)
Deaths
Herod the Great (b. 73 BC)
Marcus Tullius Tiro, freedman of Cicero
New Riders of the Purple Sage

New Riders of the Purple Sage (NRPS) is an American country rock band formed in 1969. It grew out of jam sessions between Jerry Garcia and John "Marmaduke" Dawson. They soon became an opening act for the Grateful Dead. They branched out on their own by the early 1970s. The New Riders of the Purple Sage received a recording contract in 1971. They based their name on Foy Willing's earlier group, Riders of the Purple Sage adding "New" to their name.
Discography
Studio albums
New Riders of the Purple Sage (album)|New Riders of the Purple Sage (1971)
Powerglide (1972)
Gypsy Cowboy (1972)
The Adventures of Panama Red (1973)
Brujo (1974)
Oh, What a Mighty Time (1975)
New Riders (1976)
Who Are Those Guys! (1977)
Marin Country Line (1977)
Feelin' All Right (1981)
Before Time Began (1986)
Keep On Keepin' On (1989)
Midnight Moonlight (1992)
Where I Come From (2009)
17 Pine Avenue (2012)
References
Country bands
Musical groups established in 1969
Musical groups disestablished in 1997
Chinatsu Kira

is a Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Kira was born in Usuki on July 5, 1991. After graduating from Kamimura Gakuen High School, she joined for Urawa Reds in 2010. She was selected Best Young Player awards in 2011 season. She played for the club 157 matches and scored 52 goals. She left the club end of 2019 season. In December 2020, she signed with Melbourne City.
In August 2008, Kira was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2008 U-17 World Cup. She played 3 games and scored 4 goals. On May 8, 2014, she debuted for the Japan national team against New Zealand. She was a member of Japan for 2014 Asian Cup and 2014 Asian Games. Japan won the championship at Asian Cup and the 2nd place at Asian Games. She played 12 games and scored 5 goals for Japan in 2014.
Statistics
References
Other websites
1991 births
Living people
Footballers from Oita Prefecture
Japan women's international footballers
Nadeshiko League players
Urawa Red Diamonds Ladies players
2014 AFC Women's Asian Cup players
Footballers at the 2014 Asian Games
AFC Women's Asian Cup-winning players
Asian Games medalists in football
Asian Games silver medalists for Japan
Medalists at the 2014 Asian Games
Mark Walker (North Carolina politician)

Bradley Mark Walker (born May 20, 1969) is an American politician and pastor. He was the U.S. representative for North Carolina's 6th congressional district from 2015 to 2021. He is a member of the Republican Party. He was vice chair of the House Republican Conference in 2019.
In December 2019, Walker said he would not reelection in 2020. Instead, he unsuccessfully ran for the Republican nomination for the United States Senate in the 2022 election.
References
1969 births
Living people
United States representatives from North Carolina
Politicians from Alabama
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Cavalier Johnson

Cavalier Johnson (born November 5, 1986) is an American politician. He is the 45th and current mayor of Milwaukee, Wisconsin since 2021. He was Milwaukee Common Council president as well as Milwaukee's 2nd District alderman.
In April 2022, Johnson won a special election, becoming the first African-American elected mayor of Milwaukee.
References
1986 births
Living people
Mayors of Milwaukee
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
African American politicians
Robert Blalack

Robert Blalack (December 9, 1948 - February 2, 2022) was a Panamanian-born American mass-media visual artist and producer. He won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects for his work on the original Star Wars. He won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Special Visual Effects for his work on the television movie The Day After. Blalack was born in Panama City, Panama.
Blalack died on February 2, 2022 in Paris, France from problems caused by cancer, aged 73.
References
1948 births
2022 deaths
Academy Award winners
Emmy Award winners
American artists
People from Panama City
Cancer deaths in France
Märta Norberg

Marta Norberg (19 September 1922 - 19 December 2020) was a Swedish cross-country skier. She competed in the 1950s. She won two bronze medals in the 3 x 5 km relay at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships (1954, 1958). Norberg finished fourth in the 10 km event at the 1952 Winter Olympics in Oslo. Norberg was born in Sidensjo, Sweden.
Norberg died on 19 December 2020 in Stockholm at the age of 98.
References
1922 births
2020 deaths
Swedish Olympians
Swedish skiers
Joseph Kasa-Vubu

Joseph Kasa-Vubu ( 1917 - 24 March 1969) was a Congolese politician. He was the first President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (then Republic of the Congo) from 1960 to 1965.
Other websites
1915 births
1969 deaths
Presidents of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Ubenide Constituency

Ubenide is a constituency of Nauru. It was created in 1968. It elects four members to the Parliament of Nauru.
Election results
References
Constituencies of Nauru
Nam Định province

Nam Dinh is a province of Vietnam. Its capital is Nam Dinh.
Provinces of Vietnam
IPhone 12 Pro

The iPhone 12 Pro and iPhone 12 Pro Max are smartphones sold by Apple Inc. They were announced on October 13, 2020, alongside the iPhone 12 and 12 mini. The iPhone 12 Pro and 12 Pro Max contain many of the same features as the 12 and 12 mini, with the addition of one camera lens (similar to iPhone 11 Pro and 11 Pro Max) and a LiDAR scanner to allow for better photos and augmented reality experiences.
The display contains Ceramic Shield, which is meant to be tougher against drops. iPhone 12 Pro and 12 Pro Max are 5G-capable and contain a basic storage of 128 GB, with 256 GB and 512 GB options also available. They contain flat edges first introduced with the iPhone 4 and are made of stainless steel. These phones have a magnetic back to allow for MagSafe wireless charging and accessory use, such as a wallet. The iPhone 12 Pro starts at US $999, while the 12 Pro Max begins at US $1,099. The models are equipped with 6 GB of RAM. The iPhone 12 Pro and 12 Pro Max are available in silver, graphite, Pacific blue, and gold.
References
12 Pro
Mobile phones with multiple rear cameras
Mobile phones with 4K video recording
IPhones released in 2020
Alos-Sibas-Abense

Alos-Sibas-Abense is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
References
Alos-Sibas-Abense
Phil Skoglund

Philip Charles "Phil" Skoglund (20 June 1937 - 8 May 2015) was a New Zealand lawn bowls player. He competed in three Commonwealth Games (1974, 1978, 1990). He competed in five World Championships (1966, 1972, 1980, 1984, 1988), winning a gold medal (triples 1988).
Skoglund was born in Palmerston North. He was the son of politician and cabinet minister Philip Oscar Skoglund and nephew of champion lawn bowls player Pete Skoglund.
Skoglund died on 8 May 2015 in Palmerston North, aged 77.
References
1937 births
2015 deaths
New Zealand businesspeople
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Sportspeople from North Island
John Jeffries

Sir John Francis Jeffries (28 March 1929 - 25 January 2019) was a New Zealand politician and judge. He was a judge on the High Court from 1976 until his retirement in 1992. He was the 14th Deputy Mayor of Wellington City from 1971 to 1974. Jeffries was born in Wellington. He was a member of the Labour Party.
Jeffries died on 25 January 2019 in Wellington, aged 89.
References
1929 births
2019 deaths
New Zealand judges
Politicians from Wellington
Norton Power Eraser

Norton Power Eraser (NPE) is a free tool that can be used to scan for malware on a computer.
References
Antivirus software
Shinji Tanaka

is a former Japanese football player and manager. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Tanaka was born in Saitama on September 25, 1960. After graduating from Chuo University, he joined Japan Soccer League club Nissan Motors in 1983. The club won 1983 and 1985 Emperor's Cup. From 1988 to 1990, the club won all three major title in Japan; Japan Soccer League, JSL Cup and Emperor's Cup for 2 years in a row. He was also selected Best Eleven in 1989/90. In 1990s, he lost opportunity to play in the match. He moved to J1 League club Urawa Reds in 1992 and Japan Football League club Kyoto Purple Sanga in 1994. He retired in 1995.
In August 1979, when Tanaka was a Chuo University student, he was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 1979 World Youth Championship and he played all 3 games. In March 1980, he was selected the Japan national team for 1980 Summer Olympics qualification. At this qualification, on March 30, he debuted against Malaysia. In December, he also played at 1982 World Cup qualification. In 1984, he played at 1984 Summer Olympics qualification for the first time in 3 years. In 1985, he also played at 1986 World Cup qualification. He played 17 games for Japan until 1985.
After retirement, Tanaka became a manager for Japan Football League club Otsuka Pharmaceutical (later Tokushima Vortis). The club won the champions in 2003 and 2004, and was promoted to J2 League. He was sacked in September 2006.
Statistics
|-
|1983||rowspan="9"|Nissan Motors||rowspan="9"|JSL Division 1||18||0||||||||||18||0
|-
|1984||15||0||||||||||15||0
|-
|1985/86||22||0||||||||||22||0
|-
|1986/87||19||0||||||||||19||0
|-
|1987/88||22||0||||||||||22||0
|-
|1988/89||22||0||||||||||22||0
|-
|1989/90||22||0||||||4||0||26||0
|-
|1990/91||0||0||||||4||0||4||0
|-
|1991/92||1||0||||||0||0||1||0
|-
|1992||rowspan="2"|Urawa Reds||rowspan="2"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||4||0||9||0||13||0
|-
|1993||22||0||0||0||0||0||22||0
|-
|1994||rowspan="2"|Kyoto Purple Sanga||rowspan="2"|Football League||6||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||9||0
|-
|1995||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
169||0||7||0||17||0||193||0
169||0||7||0||17||0||193||0
|}
|-
|1980||4||0
|-
|1981||8||0
|-
|1982||0||0
|-
|1983||0||0
|-
|1984||2||0
|-
|1985||3||0
|-
!Total||17||0
|}
References
Other websites
1960 births
Living people
Footballers from Saitama Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Japanese football managers
J1 League players
Japan Soccer League players
Yokohama F. Marinos players
Urawa Red Diamonds players
Kyoto Sanga FC players
Iraq Resolution

The Iraq Resolution or the Iraq War Resolution (formally the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002, is a joint resolution passed by the United States Congress in October 2002 as Public Law No: 107-243, authorizing military action against Iraq.
References
2002 in the United States
Iraq War
Karaundi, Ayodhya

Karaundi (Hindi: krauNdii) is a village in Bikapur tehsil in Faizabad district (now Ayodhya district) in the indian state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Haiderganj is nearest town from Karaundi, Ayodhya. District headquarters Ayodhya city is 43 km far from Karaundi.
Karaundi village is situated on the border of Ayodhya and Ambedkar Nagar district.
References
Domestic terrorism

Domestic terrorism is a form of terrorism that only takes place in a single country and is committed by a person who is a citizen of that country.
Terrorism
Microwave oven

A microwave oven (commonly called a microwave) is a machine that cooks food using microwaves, a type of radio wave. The idea was invented when a scientist who was experimenting with radio waves saw his chocolate bar, which was in his pocket, had melted. He then knew that radio waves could cook food and invented the microwave oven.
History
In 1945, the heating effect of a high-power microwave beam was accidentally discovered by Percy Spencer, an American self-taught engineer from Howland, Maine. Hired by Raytheon at the time, he noticed that microwaves from an active radar set he was working on started to melt a chocolate bar he had in his pocket. First, Spencer deliberately cooked popcorn with a microwave oven. And the second time, he cooked an egg, which exploded in the face of one of the experimenters.
To prove his finding, Spencer created a high-density electromagnetic field by feeding microwave power from a magnetron into a metal box from which it had no way to escape. When food was placed in the box with the microwave energy, the temperature of the food rose rapidly. On 8 October 1945, Raytheon filed a United States patent application for Spencer's microwave cooking process, and an oven that heated food using microwave energy from a magnetron was soon placed in a Boston restaurant for testing.
How it works
The microwave oven uses a magnetron, which is a type of vacuum tube. This is similar to a radio transmitter. It makes very short radio waves which go into the food to a depth of about 2.5cm (one inch). This makes water molecules twist about 2.5 billion times a second. This heats up the molecules around it. As they heat up the heat goes to the inside of the food. This process is called conduction. This also happens in a normal oven, but microwave energy goes deeper so that the food cooks much faster. In an ordinary oven, the energy stays mostly near the surface, so it takes more time.
The microwave oven also has a waveguide, turntable, and a timer switch. When we place the food inside the chamber and turn the timer switch on, it sends a signal to the magnetron to send microwaves, as well as to the turntable to start turning. The microwaves of microwave ovens can heat foods containing polar molecules, such as water, as polar molecules are prone to the vibration effect caused by the microwaves. To heat the food evenly the microwave's turntable spins the food around.
Metals will cause sparks in microwaves, instead of heating. This is because metals like to give away electrons, so when the microwaves "push" at their magnet-like electrons, instead of turning, they just give the electrons away. A bunch of electrons running off of metal is called electricity, and we see it in the form of sparks. Dry foods like ramen will sometimes burn and start fires in microwave ovens if water is not used with the food.
Related pages
Frozen dinner
Induction heating
References
Other websites
Metamaterials for microwave shielding
Wave physics
Cooking appliances
Home appliances
Commercial kitchen equipment
Microwave technology
Humayun Ahmed

Humayun Ahmed (13 November 1948 - 19 July 2012) was a Bangladeshi writer, dramatist and movie director. He was one of the leading Bengali language literary person of 20th century. He wrote over 200 fiction and non-fiction books. His first novel was In Blissful Hell. It was published in 1972. His other notable writings are Shonkhonil Karagar, Josna O Jononir Golpo, Kobi, Moddhanho, Badshah Namdar and Deyal. He won Bangla Academy Literary Award in 1981 and Ekushey Padak in 1994 for his contribution to Bengali literature.
Ahmed started making movie in the beginning of 1990s. Aguner Parashmoni (1994) was his first directed movie. He then made seven more movies. He received six National Movie Awards in different categories for his movies.
Early life
Ahmed was born in Kutubpur village of Kendua Upazila, Netrokona District. His father was Foyzur Rahman (1921-1971) and mother was Ayesha Foyez (1930-2014). Foyzur was a sub-divisional police officer. He was killed during the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971. Ahmed has two brothers and three sisters. Two of his younger brother Muhammad Zafar Iqbal is a writer and Ahsan Habib is a cartoonist. His sisters are Sufia Haider, Momtaz Shahid and Rukhsana Ahmed.
Career
Ahmed started his career as a lecturer at Bangladesh Agriculture University in 1973. He wrote a short story Sourav this period. Then he shifted to University of Dhaka as a lecturer of chemistry department in 1974. This year, he published novel Achinpur. This novel was published in Bichitra magazine's Eid volume.
Death
On 19 July 2012, Ahmed died of colon cancer in New York City's Bellevue Hospital, aged 63.
References
Bibliography
Other websites
1948 births
2012 deaths
Bangladeshi writers
Short story writers
Bangladeshi movie directors
Bangla Academy Literary Award winners
Recipients of the Ekushey Padak
Bangladeshi Muslims
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Thaíde

Thaide is a Brazilian rapper. He was born in Sao Paulo, Brazil on November 5, 1967.
Recent events
In April 2009, he took over the program Manos e Minas, the TV Cultura, leaving the program a year later. Signed to TV Bandeirantes in 2010 and currently presents the program "A Liga" on this same station, along with Lobao, Caze Pecanha, Debora Vilalba and Sophia Reis program and Metro Black Radio Metropolitana FM of Sao Paulo along with Marcela Rocha.
References
Brazilian rappers
1967 births
Living people
Altai people

The Altai people are a Turkic ethnic group who live in Siberia, the Altai Republic, and the Altai Krai of Russia. The Altai people are divided into two Northern Altai and Southern Altai.
References
Altai people
Gallium

Gallium (chemical symbol: Ga) is chemical element 31 on the periodic table.
Gallium is a metal, but it has some unusual properties. Its melting point is 85.58 Fahrenheit. If it is held in a person's hand, it will melt. It makes a stain on your hand when put on your hand. Gallium is safe in your hands but is not edible. Some Gallium Compounds can be very dangerous. Gallium is a semiconductor, meaning that it conducts electricity reasonably well but not as well as a metal. That means gallium can be used in computers to make them work. It is very shiny, so it is used to create mirrors when its in its liquid form. In its purest extracted form, gallium is a vibrant silver color. As a solid, it is blue-gray. Gallium has been used in nuclear bombs to stabilize the crystal structure. It's related to aluminium, indium, and thallium.
Post-transition metals
Ko Jong-soo

Ko Jong-Soo (born 30 October 1978) is a South Korean professional athlete. He is best known as an association football player. He was a member of the Korean national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1996||rowspan="7"|Suwon Samsung Bluewings||rowspan="7"|K-League||11||1||||||3||0||14||0
|-
|1997||7||1||||||8||2||15||3
|-
|1998||19||3||||||1||0||20||3
|-
|1999||14||2||||||7||2||21||4
|-
|2000||8||4||||||5||3||13||7
|-
|2001||12||5||||||8||5||20||10
|-
|2002||20||4||||||0||0||20||4
|-
|2003||Kyoto Purple Sanga||J. League 1||13||1||0||0||3||1||16||2
|-
|2004||Suwon Samsung Bluewings||K-League||5||1||0||0||0||0||5||1
|-
|2005||Chunnam Dragons||K-League||11||1||0||0||5||1||16||2
|-
|2007||rowspan="2"|Daejeon Citizen||rowspan="2"|K-League||11||1||1||0||0||0||12||1
|-
|2008||13||0||0||0||3||1||16||1
131||23||1||0||40||14||172||37
13||1||0||0||3||1||16||2
162||24||1||0||43||15||188||39
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1997||10||1
|-
|1998||16||1
|-
|1999||4||1
|-
|2000||3||0
|-
|2001||5||3
|-
!Total||38||6
|}
References
1978 births
Living people
South Korean footballers
South Korean football managers