pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Aargau Jura Park

Aargau Jura Park is a protected area in Switzerland. It is locatedin the Swiss canton of Aargau, north of Aarau, between the Aare and Rhine rivers. It has an area of 241 square kilometers (93 square miles) and reaches heights of up to 350 meters (1,150 ft) above the valley floor.
The park is mainly located on the Jurassic Plateau, between Frick and Villigen. It includes the Aargau Jura mountains and valleys. There are sparse pine forests, fruit orchards, rocky steppes, dry meadows, and terraced vineyards in the northern part of the park. In the southern region there are forests and wildlife.
In the past, villages Herznach and Wolfinswil mined ore in the park and left many studs. A mining tunnel was excavated and made accessible to visitors.
References
Geography of Switzerland
National parks in Europe
Eugenio Beltrami

Eugenio Beltrami (16 November 1835 18 February 1900) was an Italian mathematician notable for his work on non-Euclidean geometry, electricity, and magnetism.
He was born in Cremona in Lombardy, then a part of the Austrian Empire, and now part of Italy. Beltrami first began studying mathematics at University of Pavia in 1853, but was forced to discontinue his studies in 1856 because of financial hardship. He was appointed to the University of Bologna as a professor in 1862, the year he published his first paper. Beltrami later taught at universities in Pisa, Rome and Pavia. He died in Rome in 1900.
In 1868, (in Essay on an interpretation of non-Euclidean geometry) Beltrami gave the first model of hyperbolic geometry. In Beltrami's model, lines of hyperbolic geometry are represented by geodesics on the pseudosphere. Thus, Beltrami provided the first proof that Euclid's parallel postulate could not be derived from the other axioms of Euclidean geometry.
Other websites
http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Beltrami.html
1835 births
1900 deaths
Italian mathematicians
People from Cremona
Geometers
Michael Jeffery

Major-General Philip Michael Jeffery (12 December 1937 - 18 December 2020) was the 24th Governor-General of Australia from 11 August 2003 until 5 September 2008. He was appointed by John Howard. Before this he was Governor of Western Australia. He quit the army in 1993 when he became Governor.
Biography
Jeffery was born in 1937 in Wiluna, Western Australia, and he was educated at Cannington, East Victoria Park State Schools, and Kent Street High School. When he was 16 years old, he left Perth to go to the Royal Military College, which was Duntroon. After he graduated there in 1958, he went to Malaya in 1962 for a special service with the 2nd and 3rd Battalions of the Royal Australian Regiment. In 1965, he was seconded to go to the British SASR (Special Air Service Regiment) for a tour in Borneo. Then he returned to Australia as the leader of the SASR in Perth. From 1966 to 1969, he worked in Papua New Guinea with the 1st Battalion. He married Marlena Kerr, who lived in Sydney during this work. After that, in 1972, he was chosen to go to the British Army Staff College at Camberley. Then he was chosen as the person to help with the 2nd Battalion in Wewak PNG. In 1976, he became the commander of the SASR and was appointed as the member of the order in Australia. He was also chosen to attend the Royal College of Defence Studies in London in 1985.
From 1986, he became the commander of the Army's 1st Division. In June 1988, he even became the Officer of the Order of Australia for his services to the Army, and in 1989, he became the Assistant Chief of the General Staff.
In January 1990 he became the Chief of the General Staff, and he was responsible for the Army. Later in 1991 he became appointed as the Assistant Chief of the General Staff for Material, which also included taking care of the Army equipment and building projects. On the first of November 1993, he was sworn in as the 27th governor of Western Australia, and he also became a Companion of the Order of Australia, until 2000. General Jeffery's interests were about young people, education, environment, and national security. Also, the Queen made him the Prior for Australia, and a Knight of Justice of the Order.
He and his wife Marlena had seven grandchildren, three sons, and a daughter. His hobbies were listening to music, reading, golf, and fishing.
Jeffrey died on 18 December 2020, six days after his 83rd birthday.
References
1937 births
2020 deaths
Governors-General of Australia
Governors of Western Australia
Order of Australia
People from Western Australia
Australian military people
Viceroys in Australia
Yaka language (Kivu)

Yaka is a minor Bantu language. It is spoken by some people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. They mostly live on the north shore of Lake Kivu.
References
Languages without Glottolog code
Bantu languages
Baby Boy

"Baby Boy" is a Middle Eastern-influenced R&B and dancehall song written by Beyonce Knowles, Scott Storch, Sean Paul, Robert Waller, and Shawn "Jay-Z" Carter for Knowles' first solo album, Dangerously in Love (2003).
It was produced by Knowles and Storch and was released to positive reception as the album's second single in July 2003. The song (which features dancehall singer Sean Paul) reached number one in the U.S., becoming Beyonce's second solo number-one single and Sean Paul's second; it also reached number two in the UK. It was also recognized at the ASCAP awards by the label companies receiving the Publisher of the Year from EMI and Most Performed Songs award in 2003. It was certified Platinum in the US for sales and shipments of over one million copies there. "Baby Boy" finished at number 12 on the Billboard Year-End Hot 100 of 2003.
Official remixes/versions
Baby Boy Part 2 (feat. Sean Paul)
Baby Boy (Acapella) (feat. Sean Paul)
Baby Boy (Instrumental) (feat. Sean Paul)
Baby Boy (Junior Vasquez Club Anthem Remix)
Baby Boy (Junior Vasquez Club Remix - Edit)
Baby Boy (Junior's Padapella Remix)
Baby Boy (Junior's Tribapella Remix)
Baby Boy (Junior's World Mixshow)
Baby Boy (Maurice's Nu Dub Baby!)
Baby Boy (Maurice's Nu Soul Remix)
Baby Boy (Maurice's Nu Soul Remix - No Rap)
Baby Boy (Maurice's Nu Soul Remix - Video Edit)
Baby Boy (Jones & Conlin Vibelicious Club Mix)
Baby Boy (Jones & Cabrera Vibelicious Curry Spice Remix - Edit)
Baby Boy (Jones & Cabrera Vibelicious Curry Spice Remix)
Baby Boy (DJ Whoo Kid Steppin In Hotta Remix) (feat. Lloyd Banks)
Baby Boy (Sandeep Chatterjee & DJ Wildbill DMC Remix)
Baby Boy (Jimbeamjr's Taj Mahal Mix)
References
2003 songs
Beyonce songs
Billboard Hot 100 number one songs
Egon Balas

Egon Balas (June 7, 1922 - March 18, 2019) was a Romanian applied mathematician. He was a professor of industrial administration and applied mathematics at Carnegie Mellon University. He was the Thomas Lord Professor of Operations Research at Carnegie Mellon's Tepper School of Business. He was known for his fundamental work in developing integer and disjunctive programming.
Life and education
He was born in Cluj in Transylvania to a Hungarian Jewish family. His birth name was actually Blatt, but it was changed to the Hungarian Balazs ("BAW-lass"). It was changed again to Romanian Balas ("BAH-lash"). He was married to art historian Edith Balas, a survivor of Auschwitz, and they birthed two daughters. He was imprisoned by the Communist authorities for several years after the war.
He left Romania in 1966 and ventured onto the United States to begin his new career. He started his teaching career in 1967 at the Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
He got a "Diploma Licentiate" in economics in 1949, and he got Ph.D.s in economics and mathematics at different universities and in different years.
References
1922 births
2019 deaths
Romanian mathematicians
Bilabial consonant

Bilabials or Bilabial consonants are a type of sound that are made with both lips (bilabial) and by partially stopping the air coming from the mouth when the sound is pronounced (consonant). For example, [p] is bilabial, but [f] is not.
Bilabial consonants are a type of sound in a group of consonant labials composed of both lips (bilabial) and by pausing the air from the mouth when the sound is called (consonant).
There are eight bilabial consonants used in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).
How to Teach /p/, /b/ and /m/
Following are some touch or touch gesture methods to teach sounds:
P: Place your index finger straight in front of both (closed) lips. When you make a / p / sound, bring your finger forward as fast as if you are going to emphasize that the p "sound. You can also place your finger and tap.
B: Place one or more fingers against the same closed lips but in this case, do not move it as soon as you make a noise. The "b" sound does not have an air escape like "p." Remind the child to cover "the lips." You can also place your finger and tap.
M: Place one finger on a horizontal surface under your lower lip or slide it over your lips.
English contains the following three bilabial consonants:
/p/ as in "post" and "map"
/b/ as in "book" and "grab"
/m/ as in "mind" and "lamp"
Consonants
The Red Violin

The Red Violin () is a 1998 Canadian Italian American British Austrian drama movie directed by Francois Girard and starring Samuel L. Jackson, Carlo Cecchi, Sylvia Chang, Jason Flemyng, Greta Scacchi, Jean-Luc Bideau, Colm Feore. It won an Academy Award in 2000.
Other websites
1998 drama movies
Canadian drama movies
Italian drama movies
American drama movies
British drama movies
Austrian drama movies
Movies directed by Francois Girard
Movies set in Austria
Movies set in China
Movies set in Italy
Movies set in Montreal
Movies set in the 17th century
Movies set in the 18th century
Movies set in the 1790s
Movies set in the 1890s
Movies set in the 1960s
Movies about classical music and musicians
Movies about violins and violinists
Christine Tremarco

Christine Tremarco (born 20 September 1977) is an English actress from Liverpool. She is perhaps most famous for her role as Davina Shackleton in the BBC One school-based drama series Waterloo Road (2007-2009). Prior to this, Tremarco had starring roles on British dramas such as Bordertown (1995), Springhill (1996-1997), City Central (1998), Clocking Off (2000), and Nice Guy Eddie (2001-2002). Between 2010 and 2013, Tremarco appeared as Linda Andrews in the BBC One medical drama Casualty.
Other works
Tremarco made her acting debut as Lily in the 1992 television film The Leaving of Liverpool, a 1950s-based drama about the forced migration of children to Australia.
In 2017, Tremarco appeared in ITV's four-part drama series Little Boy Blue as Marie Thompson, the mother of one of the gang members involved in assisting the cover up of Rhys Jones' murder, in 2007.
In 2019, she played Sinead Kovac in all ten episodes of the 5Star prison drama Clink.
Her other television credits include minor roles in Heartbeat (1997), Coronation Street (1998), Liverpool 1 (1999), Coming Up (2003), Silent Witness (2011), and The Responder (2021).
Other websites
1977 births
Living people
English child actors
English television actors
English movie actors
Actors from Liverpool
Entertainers from Merseyside
Charles Nicolle

Charles Jules Henri Nicolle (September 21, 1866 - February 28, 1936) was a French doctor and microbiologist. He won the 1928 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the disease typhus.
References
1866 births
1936 deaths
French Nobel Prize winners
French physicians
French microbiologists
People from Rouen
Asset

An asset is something valuable or useful. In business and accounting, the value of an asset is expressed as a certain amount of money. The amount of money can be calculated as the amount of economic value that the asset can produce in future. The calculation is based on past transactions or events. Correct evaluation can be useful in deciding what to do with an asset.
Examples of assets include money, property (land and buildings), and amounts to be received from someone.
There are two types of assets:
tangible assets
Fixed assets such as buildings, equipment etc.
Current assets like inventory
Intangible assets for example: goodwill, patents, trademarks, copyrights and computer programs
Asset characteristics
Assets have three important characteristics:
They can give a future benefit to contribute directly or indirectly to future net cash flows, and, in the case of not-for-profit organizations, to give services;
It can control access to the benefit; and,
The transaction or event which created the asset has already occurred.
Other websites
Protecting Business Assets: An article from Oklahoma State University
Roundtable on accounting for intangible assets
Economics
Peter Hampton

Peter John Hampton (12 September 195425 September 2020) was an English footballer. He played as a left back in the Football League for Leeds United, Stoke City, Burnley, Rochdale and Carlisle United. His career began in 1972 and he retired in 1988. Hampton was born in Oldham, Greater Manchester.
Hampton died on 25 September 2020 in Cyprus at the age of 66.
References
1954 births
2020 deaths
English footballers
Sportspeople from Greater Manchester
Klaus Pagh

Klaus Pagh (29 July 1935 - 8 December 2020) was a Danish actor, producer and director. He appeared in 32 movies between 1956 and 2001. Pagh was born in Horsholm, Denmark. He was known for his roles as Holger in Soldaterkammerater rykker ud (1959) and as Rikard in Me and the Mafia (1973). He directed the 1973 comedy Sunstroke at the Beach Resort (1973).
Pagh died on 8 December 2020 in Copenhagen from Alzheimer's disease-related problems at the age of 85.
References
1935 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Danish movie actors
Danish movie directors
Danish television actors
Movie producers
Danish movie producers
Smoky Hill River

The Smoky Hill River is a river in the central Great Plains of North America. It goes through the U.S. states of Colorado and Kansas.
Name
The river gets its name from the Smoky Hills area in the Great Plains.
References
Rivers of Kansas
Mourning

Not to be confused with morning
Mourning refers to process of grieving. This almost always happens at funerals whenever a loved one passes away.
Mourning is also seen when things someone loves gets lost, although not as often. Most commonly seen is sadness, but typically a less intense but longer lasting feeling. Similar to melancholy. Mourning is only seen when a person (or animal, important object, or goal) is lost. Death is most commonly associated. Mourning is not just found in humans, but also in animals. Many birds have a sense of mourning when their mate dies.
Death customs
Unterleinach

Unterleinach is a village outside of Wurzburg, Germany. It is part of the municipality of Leinach. It is south of Oberleinach.
Unterleinach and Oberleinach have rival football teams.
Villages in Bavaria
Wurzburg (district)
Whitewater controversy

The Whitewater controversy, Whitewater scandal, or simply Whitewater, was an American political controversy during the 1990s. It began with an investigation into the real estate investments of Bill and Hillary Clinton in the Whitewater Development Corporation. Neither Bill Clinton nor Hillary Clinton were ever prosecuted, after three separate inquiries found lack of evidence linking them with the criminal conduct.
A March 1992 New York Times article published during the 1992 U.S. presidential campaign reported that the Clintons, then governor and first lady of Arkansas, had invested and lost money in the Whitewater Development Corporation.
Lewis looked for connections between the savings and loan company and the Clintons, and on September 2, 1992, she submitted a criminal referral to the FBI naming Bill and Hillary Clinton as witnesses in the Madison Guaranty case.
David Hale, the source of criminal allegations against the Clintons, claimed in November 1993 that Bill Clinton had pressured him into providing an illegal $300,000 loan to Susan McDougal, the Clintons' partner in the Whitewater land deal.
Jim Guy Tucker, Bill Clinton's replacement as governor, was convicted of fraud and sentenced to four years of probation for his role in the controversy.
References
1992 in the United States
Political scandals in the United States
Bill Clinton
Hillary Rodham Clinton
Arkansas
Alex Clare

Alexander George "Alex" Clare (14 September 1985, London, England) is a British recording artist, musician and singer. His first album The Lateness of the Hour was put out in 2011. He adopted his stage identity, Alex Clare around 2010.
In 2014, Clare and Jim Duguid won Songwriter of the Year at the ASCAP Awards Night. This was for the song "Too Close".
References
1985 births
Living people
Singers from London
Kottwil

Kottwil is a village and former municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.
Since 2006, it is part of the municipality of Ettiswil.
Villages in Lucerne
Former municipalities of Lucerne
Eswatini national football team

Eswatini national football team is the national football team of Eswatini.
References
African national football teams
Eswatini
Clay Mathematics Institute

The Clay Mathematics Institute (CMI) is a private, non-profit foundation, based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The institute is dedicated to increasing and disseminating mathematical knowledge. It gives out various awards and sponsorships to promising mathematicians. Boston businessman Landon T. Clay and his wife, Lavinia D. Clay started it in 1998. Harvard University mathematician Arthur Jaffe was the first president of CMI.
The institute is best known for its Millennium Prize Problems, a list of the seven most important unsolved mathematical questions. Of these, only the Poincare conjecture has since been solved. The Clay Institute also does other things, including a postdoctoral program (ten Clay Research Fellows are supported each year) and an annual summer school, the proceedings of which are published jointly with the American Mathematical Society.
Mathematical societies
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Scientific organizations based in the United States
1998 establishments in the United States
1990s establishments in Massachusetts
Organizations based in Massachusetts
African wildcat

The African wildcats (Felis silvestris lybica) are small, fierce cats that live in forests, grasslands, and brush lands in Africa and the Middle East. They are the closest living relatives of the domestic cat.
It is a wildcat subspecies which occurs across northern Africa and extends around the edges of the Arabian Peninsula to the Caspian Sea. It is the most common and widely distributed wild cat, and is listed as Least Concern by IUCN since 2002.
The African wildcat appears to have diverged from the other subspecies about 131,000 years ago. Some individual African wildcats were first domesticated about 10,000 years ago in the Middle East, and are the ancestors of the domestic cat. Remains of domesticated cats were found in human burials in Cyprus, done by Neolithic farmers about 9,500 years ago. Hybrids between domestic cats and African wildcats are still common today.
Description
African wildcats are generally crepuscular, hunting at dawn and dusk. They are diurnal (most active during the day) during very cold weather. They are very good climbers. African Wildcats live for 12 to 15 years. They are about 50 percent larger than domesticated (tame) cats.
Diet
African wildcats are carnivores, like all cats. These fast, solitary hunters eat small to medium-sized mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs, invertebrates, and eggs.
References
Felines
Mammals of Africa
Mammals of Asia
Malville

Malville is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Leonie Ossowski

Leonie Ossowski was the pen name of Jolanthe von Brandenstein (15 August 1925 - 4 February 2019), a German writer. She wrote under the name Jo Tiedemann. She wrote scripts for DEFA: Zwei Mutter ("Two mothers") and Stern ohne Himmel ("Stars without Sky"). She has lived in Berlin from 1980 until her death. Her 1977 novel Die grosse Flatter ("The big flutter") was also made into a movie.
References
Other websites
1925 births
2019 deaths
Writers from Berlin
Historical race concepts

People from different places tend to look different. Some scientists in the 18th century decided to classify them into a limited number of variants or races. Some spoke of three races of mankind: The Caucasian race living in Europe, North Africa and West Asia, the Mongoloid race living in East Asia, Australia, and the Americas, and the Negroid race living in Africa south of the Sahara. Others preferred two, with the others arising from mixtures, and some chose four, five, or other numbers of races.
These ideas were popular from the late 18th century to the middle of the 20th century. These are now called historical definitions of race or historical race concepts. Today, scientists agree that there is only one human race. Modern genetic research has shown that the idea of three (or four, or five) races was wrong.
19th century
Johann Friedrich Blumenbach's classification, first proposed in 1779, was widely used in the 19th century, with many variations.
Ethiopian/black race.
Caucasian race/white race
Mongolian/yellow race
American/red race
Malayan/brown race
Middle of the 20th century
The mid-twentieth century racial classification by American anthropologist Carleton S. Coon, also used five races but divided some of them differently:
Negroid (Black) race
Australoid (Australian Aborigine and Papuan) race
Capoid (Bushmen/Hottentots) race
Mongoloid (Oriental/Amerindian) race
Caucasoid (White) race
Racism
There was much prejudice based upon this way of thinking and speaking. It argued that in the races that make up the human race, there are deep, biologically determined differences.
Someone who partakes in racism is called racist. These are the attitudes that in turn supported the horrors of African slavery, Apartheid, the Jim Crow laws, Nazism, Japanese imperialism, and other crimes committed by mankind against itself.
References
Anthropology
Humans
Race
Ethnic groups
BMX Bandits (movie)

BMX Bandits is a 1983 Australian American action adventure comedy movie directed by Brian Trenchard-Smith and starring Nicole Kidman (in her debut), Bryan Marshall, David Argue, Angelo D'Angelo. It was distributed by Filmways Australasian Distributors.
Other websites
BMX Bandits at Oz Movies
1983 action movies
1983 adventure movies
1983 comedy movies
Australian action movies
Australian adventure movies
Australian comedy movies
American action movies
American adventure movies
American comedy movies
Movies set in Australia
Movies directed by Brian Trenchard-Smith
Budukh language

Budukh is a Northeast Caucasian language. About 200 people speak Budukh.
caucasian languages
John Cornforth

Sir John Warcup "Kappa" Cornforth, Jr., AC, CBE, FRS, FAA (7 September 1917 - 14 December 2013) was an Australian-British chemist. He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1975 for his work on the stereochemistry of enzyme-catalysed reactions.
Cornforth died on 14 December 2013 from natural causes at his Brighton home, aged 96.
References
Other websites
Face To Face Interview With John Cornfoth by The Vega Science Trust (audio)
How to be right and wrong with John Cornforth by The Vega Science Trust
vega.org.uk/video/programme/19
1917 births
2013 deaths
Australian scientists
British chemists
People from Sydney
Australian of the Year Award winners
Australian Nobel Prize winners
Burrow (Shropshire)

Burrow is a hill in Shropshire with an Iron Age hill fort at the top that is known as Burrow Camp. The nearest villages are Hopesay and Aston-on-Clun. It was possibly very important during the Iron Age as it has two natural springs.
Shropshire
Enrique Floriano Millan

Enrique Floriano Millan (born October 9, 1982 in Lorca, Murcia) is a swimmer from Spain. He has a disability: he is blind and is an B2/S12 type swimmer. He raced at the 2000 Summer Paralympics. He was the number one swimmer in the 400 meter freestyle and 200 meter individual medley race. He was the number two swimmer in the 100 meter backstroke race. He was in the number three team in the 4 x 100 meter medley Relay 49 Points race. He raced at the 2004 Summer Paralympics. He was the number two swimmer in the 400 meter freestyle and in the 4 x 100 meter medley Relay 49 Points race. He was the number three swimmer in the 200 meter individual medley race. He raced at the 2008 Summer Paralympics. He was the number two swimmer in the 400 meter freestyle race. He raced at the 2012 Summer Paralympics. He was the number two swimmer in the 400 meter freestyle race.
He got a job with help from the Employment HPOD PROAD Program, which is helped by ONCE.
In 2010, he raced at the Tenerife International Open. He race at the 2011 IPC European Swimming Championships in Berlin, Germany. Two times, he was one of the top three swimmers in his races. He finished first in the 5 km open water swim.
References
Other websites
Enrique Floriano Millan's website
Spanish swimmers
Living people
1982 births
Spanish Paralympic gold medalists
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
2008 Summer Paralympics
2012 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type S12
Sportspeople with disabilities, type B2
People from the Region of Murcia
Khuzestan province

Khuzestan province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the southwest of the country and borders on Iraq and the Persian Gulf. The capital city is Ahvaz. It was the location of the ancient city of Susa in the Persian Empire. The province is majority Arab with a significant Persian minority.
References
Hungarian Socialist Party

The Hungarian Socialist Party (), commonly known by its acronym MSZP, is a centre-left social-democratic and pro-european political party in Hungary.
References
1989 establishments in Europe
Political parties in Hungary
Body piercing

Body piercing or just piercing is a form of body modification, where humans of either gender pierce their skin to put jewellery through the hole later. There are many different reasons some people have piercings, such as religious or other cultural purposes. Many people, especially in North America and Europe, choose to be pierced for ornamental, or sexual pleasure.
History
In early records, it was not common to discuss the use of piercings or their meanings. However, body adornment and modification are estimated have been around for more than 5000 years, found in mummies like Otzi the Iceman, Europe's oldest natural mummy estimated to be about 5,300 years old. Piercing of the ears, nose, and tongue have a long history in many ancient cultures, and lip piercing and stretching were more common in African tribes, especially for cultural identification.
Piercings in the 20th & 21st century
Body piercings of any kind were not popular in Western cultures in the beginning of the 20th century. After World War II, the gay subculture used piercings as a fashion statement. Other subcultures, such as "hippie" and the punk movement, also began to use piercings as a form of expression in the 1960s and 1970s. Genital piercing is becoming more common. Sometimes people get genital piercings to create interest or attract attention. Some types of genital piercing are supposed to increase sexual pleasure. For males, one type of penis piercing is called an Ampallang.
References
Paula Hawkins

Paula Hawkins (born 26 August 1972 in Salisbury, Rhodesia) is a British author. She is known for her best selling novels The Girl on the Train and Into the Water.
Biography
Hawkins was born in Salisbury (now Harare, Zimbabwe) in 1972. Hawkins attended Arundel School in Harare and Collingham College in London. She has also worked with The Times as a journalist. Her 2015 novel, The Girl on the Train was adapted into film by same name featuring Emily Blunt in 2016. Hawkins has also written four romantic fictions under the name Amy Silver.
Bibliography
Guerrilla Learning: How to Give Your Kids a Real Education With or Without School (2001) (Amy Silver) (with co-author Grace Llewellyn)
Confessions of a Reluctant Recessionista (2009) (Amy Silver)
All I Want for Christmas (2010) (Amy Silver)
One Minute to Midnight (2011) (Amy Silver)
The Reunion (2013) (Amy Silver)
The Girl on the Train (2015) (Paula Hawkins)
Into the Water (2017) (Paula Hawkins)
References
Other websites
Official website
Paula Hawkins on BBC
Living people
1972 births
British writers
Rhodesia
Northern Mariana Islands

The Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, usually shortened to the Northern Mariana Islands, is a group of islands in the Pacific Ocean that are a political division controlled by the United States. Its capital is Saipan.
Spain owned the islands until 1899 and sold them to the German Empire. Germany lost them to Japan in World War I and the United States took them in World War II.
Geography
The Northern Mariana Islands, together with Guam to the south, compose the Mariana Islands. The southern islands are limestone, with level terraces and fringing coral reefs. The northern islands are volcanic, with active volcanos on Anatahan, Pagan and Agrihan. The volcano on Agrihan has the highest elevation at .
Anatahan Volcano is a small volcanic island north of Saipan. It is about long and wide. Anatahan began erupting suddenly from its east crater on May 10, 2003, at about 6 p.m. (0800 UTC). It has since alternated between eruptive and calm periods. On April 6, 2005, approximately of ash and rock were ejected, causing a large, black cloud to drift south over Saipan and Tinian.
People
In 2020, 47,329 people lived on the Northern Mariana Islands. This was down from 69,221 in 2000.
The official languages on the Northern Mariana Islands are English, Chamorro, and Carolinian. Only a few people speak the Tanapag language. Many people also speak Philippine languages, Chinese, and other Pacific island languages. Many people still have Spanish family names, but the people do not often speak Spanish, as they did in the past.
Most people in the Northern Mariana Islands are Roman Catholic. There are also communities of Buddhist and Protestant people. Many people have traditional beliefs, also referred to as folk religion.
According to the Pew Research Center, 2010:
Roman Catholic 64.1%
Protestants 16%
Buddhists 10.6%
Folk religions 5.3%
Other Christians 1.2%
Other religions 1.1%
Unaffiliated 1.0%
Eastern Orthodox <1%
Hindu <1%
Muslim <1%
Jews <1%
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reported 865 members in the Northern Mariana Islands.
Notes
References
Other websites
Northern Mariana Islands official government website
The CNMI Covenant
The CNMI Constitution
CNMI Office of Resident Representative Pedro A. Tenorio
H.R. 873 - the Northern Mariana Islands Delegate Act
H.R. 5550 - The United States-Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas Human Dignity Act
U.S. Census Bureau: Island Areas Census 2000
Micronesia
Agilbert

Agilbert (flourished 650-) was Frankish by birth and educated in Ireland. He became the second Bishop to the West Saxons after Bishop Birinus. Following a disagreement with king Cenwalh of Wessex he returned to Gaul to eventually become the Bishop of Paris.
Career
Wessex
Agilbert studied in Ireland for several years. In 650 he came to Wessex as a missionary. Cenwalh, the king, was impressed by his background he offered Agilbert the bishopric of Dorchester. This was the seat originally given to Bishop Birinus who founded a church at Dorchester on Thames. Birinus had died in 650 and Cenwalh was looking for a replacement. But after some time Cenwalh grew tired of not being able to understand the bishop, who apparently did not speak the Anglo-Saxon language. Cenwalh created a new diocese at Winchester in 660 and made Wine the first bishop. Agribert took offense at not being consulted and left his see.
Northumbria
Agilbert did not leave England immediately but visited Northumbria.
A controversy had occurred in the Northumbrian church over the date of Easter. The king Oswiu of Northumbria and his son Eahlfrith each backed a different church position. Why Agilbert came to Northumbria at this time or who sent him is not recorded. But kings Osiwu and Cenwalh were friends. They both supported the Roman position that Easter should be celebrated the same throughout the Christian world. A synod was called at Whitby to settle the issue. Bishop Agilbert was the senior ecclesiastic there who supported the Roman position. As he did not speak the language well, he asked Wilfrid to speak for him. Their argument was why did only the remote parts of Britain celebrate Easter differently than the remainder of the Christian world? Osiwu made a decision to celebrate Easter with the rest of the Christian churches.
France
Agilbert wandered in Gaul (later France) for a time before accepting the position of Bishop of Paris. He held that position from for about 12 years. He consecrated Wilfrid as a bishop at Compiegne along with several others. Later Bishop Wine was expelled from Wessex by Cenwalh. This left Wessex without a bishop. Cenwalh sent appeals to Agilbert to return to Wessex. Agilbert turned Cenwalh down saying his current duties as bishop of Paris prevented his return. But he sent his nephew Leutherius in his place. Leutherius was welcomed in Wessex as the new bishop of Winchester. Agilbert died sometime after 679. He was buried at the monastery of Jouarre.
Notes
References
year of birth unknown
year of death unknown
Bishops
Nods, Doubs

Nods is a former commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France. It is the seat of the new commune of Les Premiers-Sapins.
On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Les Premiers-Sapins.
References
Former communes in Doubs
Elk City, Idaho

Elk City is a census-designated place (CDP) of Idaho in the United States.
Census-designated places in Idaho
Cultural nationalism

Cultural nationalism is a form of nationalism in which the nation is defined by a shared culture. Therefore, it focuses on a national identity shaped by cultural traditions, but not on the concepts of common ancestry or race.
Nationalism
Fernando Morán (politician)

Fernando Moran Lopez (25 March 1926 - 19 February 2020) was a Spanish diplomat and politician. He was a member of the Socialist Workers' Party. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1982 to 1985. From 1985 to 1987, Moran served as the Spanish representative at the United Nations. He served as a member of the European Parliament from 1987 to 1999.
Moran was born in Aviles, Asturias. He died on 19 February 2020 in Madrid, at the age of 93.
References
1926 births
2020 deaths
Spanish diplomats
MEPs for Spain
Spanish socialists
Spanish writers
List of governors of Himachal Pradesh

This is a List of governors of Himachal Pradesh. S.P Shukla is the 22nd Governor of Himachal Pradesh since 18 February 2023.
List
References
RV Arlekar till 18 Feb 2023
S.P Shukla 18 Feb 2023
An Old, Old Tale

An Old, Old Tale () is a 1968 Soviet musical movie directed by Nadezhda Kosheverova. It stars Oleg Dahl, Marina Neyolova, and Vladimir Etush.
Actors
Oleg Dahl - soldier / puppeteer
Marina Neyolova - princess / daughter of innkeeper
Vladimir Etush - the king / innkeeper
Georgy Vitsin - kind magician
Vera Titova - witch
References
Other websites
1968 movies
1960s musical movies
Soviet musical movies
Movies directed by Nadezhda Kosheverova
Hambühren

Hambuhren is a municipality in Celle, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is about west of Celle.
References
Celle (district)
Willem Einthoven

Willem Einthoven (May 21, 1860 - September 29, 1927) was an Dutch doctor. He won the 1924 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for inventing the electrocardiogram.
References
1860 births
1927 deaths
Dutch academics
Dutch Nobel Prize winners
Dutch physicians
Dutch inventors
Carambola

Carambola (Averrhoa carambola), also known as star fruit, is a tropical fruit. The fruit grows on trees that are native to India, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka. Star fruit is common in the south of Asia, Australia and all of the islands around Australia. The tree is also grown in tropic islands.
Origins and distribution
The carambola has been growing in parts of Asia for hundreds of years. It may have first been in Sri Lanka and Moluccas. Malaysia grows the most carambola in the world and it also grows in Bangladesh.
Because of insects and disease, whole carambolas cannot be taken into the USA. In the USA, star fruit is grown in Florida, Texas, South Carolina, Georgia, Louisiana, California, Texas, Arizona, Puerto Rico and Hawaii.
Taste
Star fruit tastes best ripe (yellow with a little green). It will also be brown on the five edges and feel hard. If the star fruit is overripe it will be yellow with brown spots. You can eat all of the fruit, even the skin. It is sweet and very juicy. The taste is a little bit like a subtle mix of papaya, orange and grapefruit.
Cultivation
The Carambola is a tropical fruit. In Northern India, it grows up to 4,000 feet in elevation. It prefers a total exposure to the sun but requires high humidity and a total of 70 inches or more of rainfall a year. It requires good drainage of the soil.
Carambola trees are planted 20 feet or more from each other. They grow fast and makes fruit when they are four or five years old. The rain during Spring makes the amount of fruit lower. In perfect conditions, Carambola can make from 200 to 400 pounds of fruit a year. The fruit is picked mainly during the months of June, July, and August.
Major pests are fruit flies, ants, and birds. In the United States, they are also vulnerable to frosts.
Tropical fruit
Stephen Makinwa

Stephen Makinwa (born 26 July 1983) is a Nigerian football player. He plays for Lazio.
Club career statistics
|-
|2000/01||Conegliano||||8||2
|-
|2001/02||Como||Serie B||0||0
|-
|2002/03||Reggiana||Serie C1||28||6
|-
|2003/04||Como||Serie B||21||6
|-
|2003/04||Modena||Serie A||16||1
|-
|2004/05||Genoa||Serie B||18||6
|-
|2004/05||Atalanta||Serie A||17||6
|-
|2005/06||Citta di Palermo||Serie A||23||5
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Lazio||rowspan="2"|Serie A||25||3
|-
|2007/08||14||0
|-
|2007/08||Reggina||Serie A||9||0
|-
|2008/09||Lazio||Serie A||4||0
|-
|2008/09||ChievoVerona||Serie A||9||1
|-
|2009/10||Lazio||Serie A||||
192||35
192||35
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2004||1||1
|-
|2005||4||0
|-
|2006||3||0
|-
|2007||5||0
|-
|2008||3||0
|-
!Total||16||1
|}
References
1983 births
Living people
Nigerian footballers
Sportspeople from Lagos
Moeller High School

Archbishop Moeller High School is an all-boys, Catholic school near Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. It opened in 1960 and is run by the Society of Mary (Marianist Order). The school is famous for good sports teams: in its first 25 years, they won seven state football championships and five national football championships with Gerry Faust as head coach.
Related pages
Elder High School
La Salle High School
St. Xavier High School
Elder High School
Cincinnati
Schools in Ohio
1960 establishments in the United States
1960s establishments in Ohio
High schools in the United States
Proterozoic

The Proterozoic eon comes before the Phanerozoic. It was a period before the first abundant complex life on Earth. The name Proterozoic comes from the Greek "earlier life". The Proterozoic Eon extended from 2500 million years ago (mya) to 541 mya. It is the most recent part of the former Precambrian.
The Proterozoic consists of 3 geologic eras, from oldest to youngest:
Palaeoproterozoic: 2500 to 1600 million years ago
Mesoproterozoic: 1600 to 1000 mya
Neoproterozoic: 1000 to 542 mya
The well-identified events were:
Several glaciations, including the Snowball Earth during the Cryogenian period in the late Neoproterozoic.
Rapid crustal segments collect into continents. Supercontinents Laurentia (Palaeoproterozoic) and Rodinia (Neoproterozoic) form.
Early plate tectonics.
Oxygenation of the atmosphere, the Great Oxygenation Event.
Clean (unchanged by metamorphosis) sand and carbonate deposits occur for the first time.
First eukaryote fossil at 2.1 billion years.p57
The Ediacaran period (635 to 542mya) which is characterized by the evolution of abundant soft-bodied multicellular organisms.
Study of these rocks shows that the eon featured massive, rapid continental accretion (unique to the Proterozoic), supercontinent cycles, and mountain building.
Related pages
Life timeline
References
Lisa M. Buttenheim

Lisa M. Buttenheim, a national of the United States, was appointed by the United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon as his Special Representative and Head of the United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP)on 2 June 2010.She has extensive experience with the United Nations in political affairs and peacekeeping.
Buttenheim replaces Taye-Brook Zerihoun of Ethiopia, who held the same function from May 2008 to April 2010. The Secretary-General expressed his gratitude to Zerihoun for his devotion and leadership of UNFICYP. In addition, Zerihoun served as the acting Deputy to the Special advisor of the Secretary-General on Cyprus. During his tenure, he provided assistance to the Secretary-General's mission of good offices.
Before the appointment of Buttenheim, she was Director of the Middle East and West Asia Division in the Department of Political Affairs from January 2009. She previously served in the same department as Director of the Asia and Pacific Division from January to December 2008. She was Director of the Asia and Middle East Division in the Department of Peacekeeping Operations from April 2004 to December 2007. She served as Director and Head of the United Nations Office in Belgrade from March 2003 to March 2004.
Between May 1997 and February 2003, Buttenheim was Senior Political Adviser in the Office of the Director-General of the United Nations Office at Geneva.During the same period, she was also the acting Chief of Staff, Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General in the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK), Director and Senior Adviser in the Office of the Special Envoy for the Balkans in Geneva.
She joined the United Nations in March 1983 and held a number of positions in the Executive Office of the Secretary-General, the Office of the Under-Secretaries-General for Special Political Affairs in New York, and the United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO) in Jerusalem.
Buttenheim holds a Master's degree in international economics and Middle East studies from Johns Hopkins University's School of Advanced International Studies, in Washington, D.C., and a bachelor's degree in political science and English from Stanford University.
She was born in 1954 and is married to Jean-Claude Aime, a former United Nations official.
Other websites
UN Biography Lisa M.Buttenheim
1954 births
Living people
American diplomats
Marcus Vinícius (footballer, born 1974)

Marcus Vinicius de Morais (born 25 February 1974) is a Brazilian football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1997||rowspan="3"|Honda||rowspan="3"|Football League||12||10||0||0||1||0||13||10
|-
|1998||26||24||3||3||colspan="2"|-||29||27
|-
|1999||22||22||3||5||colspan="2"|-||25||27
|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|Albirex Niigata||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||36||19||3||1||colspan="2"|-||39||20
|-
|2003||41||32||0||0||colspan="2"|-||41||32
|-
|2004||rowspan="3"|Kawasaki Frontale||J. League 2||37||18||3||1||colspan="2"|-||40||19
|-
|2005||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||27||9||3||1||2||1||32||11
|-
|2006||12||3||0||0||8||4||20||7
|-
|2006||Tokyo Verdy||J. League 2||25||5||1||0||colspan="2"|-||26||5
|-
|2007||Yokohama F. Marinos||J. League 1||2||0||0||0||1||0||3||0
240||142||16||11||12||5||268||158
240||142||16||11||12||5||268||158
|}
References
1974 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Beaumont, Cumbria

Beaumont is a village and civil parish in City of Carlisle, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 447 people living in Beaumont.
References
Villages in Cumbria
Civil parishes in Cumbria
Johannes B. Kerner

Johannes Baptist Kerner (born 9 December 1964) is a German personality. He is best known as a sportscaster. Kerner was main host for all games broadcast by ZDF during the FIFA World Cup 2006 in Germany in front of a large live audience in Berlin.
Kerner tested positive for COVID-19 in March 2020.
References
1964 births
Living people
People from Bonn
German television presenters
IRC bot

IRC Bots are computer programs. They are used on Internet Relay Chat (IRC) to help control and protect chat rooms. They can do many of the things that a human user can do such as gather data, kick users out of the channel, ban users, or even send stats to other programs and websites.
IRC Bots/Chatroom bots are used in many things now, from sending RuneScape statistics, to keeping track of users who abuse the networks.
Popular IRC bots include Infobot, blootbot, Supybot.
Internet Relay Chat
Software
1957 African Cup of Nations

The 1957 African Cup of Nations was the 1st edition of The tournament. It was hosted in Sudan.
Final tournament
Semifinals
Final
References
Africa Cup of Nations tournaments
The Indian Fighter

The Indian Fighter is a 1955 American western movie. It was directed by Andre DeToth. The movie is based on the original story by Robert L. Richards. Actors include Kirk Douglas, Elsa Martinelli, Walter Matthau, Walter Abel, Lon Chaney Jr., and Elisha Cook. It was distributed by United Artists.
Other websites
1955 movies
1950s Western (genre) movies
American Western (genre) movies
Movies directed by Andre DeToth
Separate Tables

Separate Tables is a 1958 American romantic drama movie directed by Delbert Mann and was based on the two one act plays by Terence Rattigan. It stars Rita Hayworth, Deborah Kerr, David Niven, Burt Lancaster, Rod Taylor, Wendy Hiller, Gladys Cooper, Priscilla Morgan and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for 7 Oscars and won 2 Academy Awards in 1959.
Other websites
1958 romantic drama movies
American romantic drama movies
Movies based on plays
Movies directed by Delbert Mann
Bologna F.C. 1909

Bologna F.C. 1909 is an Italian professional football club from Bologna, Italy. It currently plays in Serie A. The club's home stadium is Stadio Renato Dall'Ara, which has a capacity of 38,000. Bologna was part of 75 Serie A seasons, which is the ninth-most in Italian football history.
Current squad
League title
Italian Football Championship / Serie A : 7
1924/25, 1928/29, 1935/36, 1936/37, 1938/39, 1940/41, 1963/64
League position
Former position
Honours
Domestic
League
Serie A
Winners (7): 1924-25, 1928-29, 1935-36, 1936-37, 1938-39, 1940-41, 1963-64
Serie B
Winners (2): 1987-88, 1995-96
Serie C1
Winners : 1994-95
Cups
Coppa Italia
Winners (2): 1969-70, 1973-74
International
Mitropa Cup
Winners (3): 1932, 1934, 1961
UEFA Intertoto Cup
Winners (1): 1998
Anglo-Italian League Cup
Winners (1): 1970
References
Italian football clubs
1909 establishments in Italy
Max Julien

Maxwell Banks (1934 - January 1, 2022), better known as Max Julien, was an American actor, sculptor, and clothes designer. He was best known for his role as Goldie in the 1973 blaxploitation movie The Mack. He also appeared in Def Jam's How to Be a Player and he guest starred on The Mod Squad, The Bold Ones: The Protectors, and One on One. Julien was born in Washington, D.C..
Julien died on January 1, 2022 at his home in Los Angeles, California at the age of 88.
References
1934 births
2022 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American sculptors
American fashion designers
Actors from Washington, D.C.
Dernacueillette

Dernacueillette is a commune of 41 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
Communes in Aude
Des Hiscutt

Desmond Miller Hiscutt (born 5 March 1933) is an Australian independent politician. He served as a member of the Tasmanian Legislative Council for West Devon from 1995 to 1997 and for Emu Bay from 1997 to 1999.
Hiscutt was born in Burnie, Tasmania. His brother, Hugh, and niece, Leonie, also served in the Tasmanian Legislative Council.
References
1933 births
Living people
Independent politicians in Australia
Politicians from Tasmania
People from Burnie, Tasmania
Order of Australia