pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Beatriz Montañez

Beatriz Montanez Lopez (born 3 June 1977 in Almaden, Castile-La Mancha) is a Spanish journalist and radio speaker.
Biography
Early years
She began working in the radio at Onda Mancha from Almaden (currently Cadena SER Almaden). Afterwards she went to the University of California where she got a degree in journalism. At same time, Montanez worked in several Spanish language radio stations in the U.S., Telemundo and Radio KLVE among others.
Back in Spain, she studied audiovisual communication and production at Instituto de RTVE and made a master via online at Harvard University.
LaSexta
In 2006 began to work in LaSexta's El Intermedio as anchorwoman and El Gran Wyoming as host.
In 2011 she left the programme being replaced by Sandra Sabates.
Tele 5
In 2013 was hired by Tele 5 to present along Jordi Gonzalez: El gran debate. In March, 2014 hosted Hable con ellas, an interview TV-magazine at the same channel until July.
Book
On March 15, 2021, she publishes the book "Niadela", where she talks about how she decided to live a simple life alone in the mountains.
References
Other websites
1977 births
Living people
Spanish journalists
Bangladesh Islami Chhatra Shibir

Bangladesh Islami Chhatrashibir (), is a Bangladeshi Islamic student organization. It was established on 6 February 1977. The organisation is generally considered as a student wing of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami, and many of the leaders of the student organisation have gone on to become notable leaders within Jamaat. This organisation is active in different Bangladeshi universities like University of Dhaka, University of Chittagong, Rajshahi University, SUST, BUET, DUET, Medical College.
References
Political parties in Bangladesh
Ketsumeishi

Ketsumeishi is Japanese hip hop group. It is a four-man group. They are "Ryo" and "Ryoji" and "Daizo" and "DJKohno". The group started performing in 1993. They have four albums, three DVDs and 20 singles.
Japanese musical groups
Pop music groups
Hip hop bands
Viale Bligny

The Viale Bligny is a street in the center Milan where the prestigious Bocconi University stands. It owes its name to Bligny Castle in Champagne.
Viale Bligny is a commercial shooping street in the centre of the Italian city of Milan. The street is considered a luxury street in Milan, with numerous trendy restaurants.
In Viale Bligny the artist Maurizio Cattelan has a studio where he created many of his most famous works. Lucio Fontana lived in viale Bligny frequenting "Bar Gatullo" everyday.
Description
Viale Bligny is a street in the center of Milan, home to commerce and culture, artists such as Maurizio Cattelan, or TV personalities such as Gerry Scotti, Khaby Lame and Guido Meda usually frequent the area and its expensive restaurants, as well as a residential area, with very wealthy foreign students and professors of Bocconi SDA Masters from all over the world. Viale Bligny is currently known for being a gay friendly district of Milan, especially in the area around Viale Sabotino.
The neighborhood belongs to historic Milanese families and restaurants are generally luxury and expensive.
From Viale Sabotino (Porta Romana) to Via Col di Lana, Viale Bligny is part of the exclusive Bocconi district.
The street is 1000 meters long. It links with Viale Sabotino and Corso Italia.
Streets inside this area include Viale Sarfatti, Viale Sabotino and the Parco Ravizza, the park where Bocconi Campus students go to study and play sports. In the Ravizza Park there is an open-air art gallery.
Real estate market
The cost for apartment need from 7,000 to 10,000 euros per square meter; when commercial renting for restaurants, the cost of 100 square meters can reach 9,500 euros per month (excluding condominium costs).
Health and well-being
Viale Bligny is considered part of the healthiest central Milan area of the city, considering factors such as air pollution, but also access to high quality food bars and restaurants, proximity to hospitals and the presence of large parks and green areas.
Transport
Porta Romana
Tram stop (line 9)
Autobus stop (59, 90, 91, 92)
Related pages
Bocconi University
Milan
Roads in Europe
Per-Ingvar Brånemark

Per-Ingvar Branemark (May 3, 1929 - December 20, 2014) was a Swedish orthopedic surgeon and research professor. He was called the "father of modern dental implantology". The Branemark Osseointegration Center (BOC), named after its founder, was founded in 1989 in Gothenburg, Sweden.
Branemark died at the age of 85 in Gothenburg.
References
Other websites
Nobel Biocare Convention 2007
Branemark Osseointegration Center
Bacterial Persistence in Dentoalveolar Bone Following Extraction: A Microbiological Study and Implications for Dental Implant Treatment - Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research
The man who made people smile - nobelbiocare.com
1929 births
2014 deaths
Swedish scientists
MY Cephei

MY Cephei is a red supergiant star located in the Cepheus constellation. It is 1,134 times larger than the Sun.
Related pages
T Cephei
Mu Cephei
V354 Cephei
RW Cephei
VV Cephei
References
Variable stars
Red giants
Supergiants
Double Oak, Texas

Double Oak is a town in Denton County, Texas, United States.
Towns in Texas
Nomenclature des niveaux de formation

The Nomenclature des niveaux de formation (in English national classification of levels of training) is used, notably for statistical purposes, to measure the training completed by somebody. Two classifications are commonly used in France: The nomenclature des niveaux de formation (national classification of levels of training), established in 1969 by the Commission statistique nationale (national statistical commission), and the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), validated by UNESCO in 1997 and used for international comparisons.
The first one is used by the French Ministry of National Education, but also by the French employment agency, to classify jobseekers by education level, and by INSEE for the census, ...
National classification of levels of training (1969)
Built in reference to the one of 1967, this classification refers to a skill level (responsibility in employment).
Level V
Staff with a job normally requiring a level of training equivalent to the brevet d'etudes professionnelles (BEP) or the certificat d'aptitude professionnelle (CAP), and by equivalence, of the certificat de formation professionnelle des adultes (CFPA).
This level corresponds to a full qualification for the practice of a specific activity, with the ability to use instruments and techniques relating thereto. This activity involves chiefly the performance of a work which may be independently conduct within the limits of the techniques related thereto.
Level IV
Staff with a jobs of control or highly skilled worker and can attest a level of training equivalent to that of the brevet professionel (BP), the brevet de technicien (BT), a Baccalaureat professionel or a Baccalaureat technologique.
A degree of level IV requires more theoretical knowledge than the previous level. This activity involves chiefly technical work which can be performed independently and/or entail executive coaching (control).
Level III
Staff with a jobs that normally requires a Diplome universitaire de technologie (DUT) or a Brevet de technician superieur (BTS) or end of undergraduate higher education.
A degree of Level III corresponds to the knowledge and skills level, though lacking the knowledge of the scientific basis of the areas concerned. Capabilities and knowledge required ensure to be able to work autonomously or independently responsibilities of design and/or coaching and/or management.
Level II
Staff with a middle management job that normally requires a training of a Bachelor's degree level or a first-year Master's degree level.
At this level, the practice of an employment contract or independent means knowing the scientific foundations of the job, generally leading to autonomy in carrying out this activity.
Level I
Staff with a middle management job that normally requires a training above the first-year Master's degree level.
In addition to strong knowledge of scientific basis of the job, a level I requires knowledge of process design and research.
References
Education in France
Henry Clay Jr.

Henry Clay, Jr. (April 10, 1811 - February 23, 1847) was an American politician and soldier. He was the son of Henry Clay. After his studies of law, he enrolled in the military. He fought in the Mexican-American War, and was killed in the Battle of Buena Vista.
Other websites
Henry Clay, Jr. at Find a Grave
1811 births
1847 deaths
Military people from Kentucky
Anglophone Crisis

The Anglophone Crisis (), also known as the Ambazonia War, or the Cameroonian Civil War, is an ongoing armed conflict in the Northwest and Southwest regions of Cameroon. It is a part of the long-standing Anglophone problem. After the crackdown of the 2016-17 Cameroonian protests, Ambazonian separatists in the English-speaking Northwest and Southwest regions of Cameroon (formerly known as Southern Cameroons) started a guerilla warfare against Cameroonian armed forces. The later said that independence has occurred. In November 2017, the government of Cameroon declared war on the separatists. It sent its army into the regions.
Beginning
The conflict started as a small insurgency. It spread to most parts of the area within a year. By the summer of 2019, the government controlled the major cities and parts of the countryside. The separatists controlled parts of the countryside. They were also seen often in the major cities. A year later, clearly-defined frontlines had formed. Cameroonian army would raid separatist-controlled towns and villages, but it would not try to recapture them. Its main concern was securing the major urban areas. The Cameroonian government is supported by Nigeria. Some separatist groups are supported by Biafran separatists.
Damages
Thousands of people have been killed in the war. More than half a million people have had to leave their homes. In 2019, talk took place bewteen Cameroon and the separatists for the first time. special status was given to the Anglophone regions. Despite this the war continued to intensify in late 2019. The 2020 Cameroonian parliamentary election cause more problems. The separatists became more assertive while Cameroon sent more forces. The COVID-19 pandemic saw one group declare a ceasefire to fight the spread of the virus. other groups and the Cameroonian government ignored this and kept fighting.
Negotiations
There has been very few tries at negotiating. Switzerland tried in 2019 but they failed. Separatist leaders who were returned to Cameroon from Nigeria in 2018 were sent to prison for life. There was growing international pressure for an end to the conflict. In July 2020 Cameroon began talking with these imprisoned leaders. The talks were held between Sisiku Julius Ayuk Tabe and other imprisoned leaders and representatives of the Cameroonian government.
The situation is still taking place.
Related pages
List of ongoing armed conflicts
References
2017 in Africa
2018
2019 in Africa
2020 in Africa
2021 in Africa
Wars of independence
Civil wars involving Africa
Ambazonia
Rebellions in Africa
2010s conflicts
2020s conflicts
Saint-Jacques-d'Atticieux

Saint-Jacques-d'Atticieux is a commune in the Ardeche departement in southern France.
Communes in Ardeche
Bad Rats: The Rats' Revenge

Bad Rats: The Rats' Revenge is a puzzle video game from 2009. It was made by Invent4 Entertainment for Microsoft Windows. The mission of the game is to solve physics puzzles to take revenge on cats. The game is known for its popularity and terrible reputation among Steam users.
Gameplay
The goal of each stage is to use rats to activate an object to kill a cat. The player must place objects within a time limit. The player's score is based on the objects used and time taken.
Reception
The game did not receive professional reviews on Metecritic or GameRankings. According to Kotaku, it is a "nearly universally reviled" game.
References
Other websites
http://www.invent4.com/rats/
2009 video games
Windows games
Tower 42

Tower 42, previously known as the NatWest tower or National Westminster Tower is a skyscraper in the City of London, England. From the top, the design of the building is made to resemble the NatWest logo.
It was constructed between 1971 and 1980, first occupied in 1980 and opened on 11 June 1981 by Queen Elizabeth II. When completed it became the tallest building in the United Kingdom and remained the tallest in the city of London for 30 years until the completion of Heron Tower in December 2009.
The cost to build it was PS72 million (PS283 million today). The building today has grade A office spaces, a restaurant on the 24th floor and a champagne and seafood bar on the 42nd floor.
Tenants
Current tenants of the building include:
Adjusting Services International Limited - ASi
Avaya Technologies
Boston Technologies, Inc.
CEBS Secretariat
City Osteopath Clinics
Corporate Communications (Europe)
Coriolis
Crazy Domains
(Lawyers)
CSJ Capital Partners LLP
Daewoo Securities (Europe)
Davis & Co, Solicitors
EUKOR Car Carriers Inc
European Banking Authority
Front Capital Systems
GPQS
Haarmann Hemmelrath & Partner, Solicitors
Hong Kong Airlines
Knight Piesold
Kofax
Majedie Investments
Meditor Capital Management
Momenta Consulting
Natexis Banques Populaires
Regus
RMG Networks
Oanda
Orrick Herrington & Sutcliffe, Legal Services
Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman
Piraeus Bank
Private Dining 24
Project Brokers
R G A (UK)
City Social (restaurant)
Samsung
System Access (Europe)
Taylor Vinters
The Walpole Group
Tower Trading Group
Tower 42 Property & Estate Management
Tullett Prebon Information
Vertigo 42
ViewSonic
Design
In June 2012, a Capix LED multi-media lighting system was installed around levels 39 to 45. This replaced the previous high-energy floodlighting at the top of the building.
The top of the tower is made to resemble the NatWest logo of three chevrons in a hexagonal arrangement.
There are four sections known as the core, leaf 1, leaf 2 and leaf 3.
References
Buildings and structures in the City of London
Skyscrapers in the United Kingdom
Autonomous University of Barcelona

The Autonomous University of Barcelona (also known as UAB) is a public university of Spain created in 1968 and located in Bellaterra, Sardanyola del Valles, Catalonia.
UAB has 105 degrees, 328 postdegrees programs and 90 PhD programs.
Incidents
2021 cyberattack
During October 2021, UAB servers felt down during COVID-19 pandemic.
2018 death threats
During December 2018, some students got a death threat. This is because UAB is consider to be ideologized to the left-wing, supporting Catalan independence and Pere Aragones movement.
References
Richard Fischer

Richard Fischer (27 January 1917 - 1969) was an Austrian footballer. He played for First Vienna FC. He also played for the Austrian national football team
Career
During the occupation of Austria through Nazi-Germany he was with Vienna 3 times winner of the Gauliga Donau-Alpenland. One time he reached the final of the German Championship (0-2 versus Schalke 04) and one time he won the Tschammer-Cup (1943).
After 16 seasons for First Vienna FC, one season (1934/35) for the third-rate Nussdorfer AC and two seasons (1948/49 and 1949/50) for the first-class Floridsdorfer AC, he ended his 19-year football career at the age of 35.
International
Richard Fischer played 3 matches for the Austrian national football team. His first match was a 3-2 loss versus Czechoslowakia on 24 October 1937. His last one was a 5-2 loss versus Hungary on 20 August 1945.
Manager
From 1958 to 1960 he was manager of First Vienna FC.
References
1917 births
1969 deaths
Association football forwards
Austrian footballers
Players of the Austrian national football team
Austrian football managers
First Vienna FC managers
Austrian football forwards
Austrian Football Bundesliga top scorers
Laura Ingalls Wilder

Laura Ingalls Wilder (February 7, 1867 - February 10, 1957) was an American writer. She was born in Wisconsin and spent her childhood in Missouri and Kansas. She became a teacher in South Dakota at age 16.
Wilder is best known as the author of the Little House on the Prairie series of books. A TV series, Little House On the Prairie, was inspired by the story of her life as told in her books. The series starred Melissa Gilbert as Laura and Michael Landon as Charles 'Pa' Ingalls.
Other websites
Little House Wiki: Laura Ingalls Wilder
1867 births
1957 deaths
Writers from Wisconsin
ZenGo

ZenGo is a cryptocurrency wallet mobile application. The company is headquartered in Tel Aviv, Israel. It got popular during FTX collapse in 2022. It works on multi-party computation architecture.
ZenGo was founded in June 2018 by Ouriel Ohayon, Tal Be'ery and Omer Shlomovits. ZenGo is part of Kzen Networks Ltd.
In 2021, ZenGo received a $20 million investments.
References
Tel Aviv
Cryptocurrency
Companies of Israel
Gene Deckerhoff

Emerson Eugene "Gene" Deckerhoff, Jr. (born May 2, 1945) is the radio play-by-play announcer for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and the Florida State Seminoles football, basketball, and baseball teams. He also called games for the United States Football League's Tampa Bay Bandits.
References
National Football League broadcasters
College football broadcasters
College basketball broadcasters
United States Football League broadcasters
Living people
1945 births
Sportspeople from Jacksonville, Florida
Flamenco pa tos

Flamenco pa tos is a Spanish festival of Flamenco music. It is organized by the Gomaespuma Foundation. This festival is the most important festival in Spain. The profits of the festival are used by the Gomaespuma Foundation to help children in Managua. The Festival has been the winner of the National Awards of Flamenco during 2004 and 2005.
Holidays of Spain
Music festivals
Festivals in Spain
Beaupuy, Haute-Garonne

Beaupuy is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department. It is in southwest France.
Communes in Haute-Garonne
The Da Vinci Code

The Da Vinci Code is a 2003 book by Dan Brown.
The book talks about a religious group called Opus Dei, a famous artist named Leonardo da Vinci, and some famous paintings he made called the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.
According to Sharan Newman in The Real History behind the Da Vinci Code, Dan Brown based The Da Vinci Code on a book called Holy Blood, Holy Grail by Baigent and Leigh. This book was based on some papers found in the National Library of France, and which were forgeries. The papers were written to show that the man who wrote them was really the true king of France and head of an ancient secret society.
In 2006, Columbia Pictures made a movie version. It was directed by Ron Howard and stars Tom Hanks as Robert Langdon.
2003 books
20th-century American novels
English-language novels
Petaling Jaya

Petaling Jaya is a city in Selangor, Malaysia. It is usually called by its abbreviation, PJ. Petaling Jaya was made by the British in 1950s to help with the population boom because of the tin rush in Kuala Lumpur and Klang.
References
Cities in Malaysia
Daniel Craig

Daniel Wroughton Craig (born 2 March 1968) is an English television and movie actor and movie producer. He was born in Chester, Cheshire, England. He is the latest actor to play James Bond. Craig also plays Detective Benoit Blanc in Knives Out (2019) and its sequel (2022).
Craig is married to actress Rachel Weisz. He has a daughter Ella by his first wife, Fiona Loudon. In 2006 he joined the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
On 12 June 2008, Craig sliced the top of one of his fingers off while filming Quantum of Solace.
In September 2015, Craig donated $47,000 to the presidential campaign of Bernie Sanders.
Filmography
Movies and television
Video games
References
1968 births
Living people
Actors from Cheshire
Actors who played James Bond
English movie actors
English movie producers
English television actors
English voice actors
People from Chester
Six Gun Sal

Six Gun Sal is an American Southern Rock band based in Los Angeles, California.
Background
Six Gun Sal, specializes in producing classic Southern Rock music. The members consisted of Anthony Appello, Dusty Lang, Joey Durant, Matt Geinitz. In 2016, they released an album West Of Heaven, which consisted of 9 tracks. Tracks from album West Of Heaven, Whiskey Mountain and The Life features modern-day Southern Rock sound with emotion and aggression.
In November 2018, Six Gun Sal was invited to perform at the Whisky a Go Go and OC Fair & Event Center.
Discography
References
2015 establishments
American musical groups
Lynda Baron

Lilian Baron (24 March 1939 - 5 March 2022), known professionally as Lynda Baron, was an English actress, comedian, and singer. She is best known for playing Auntie Mabel in Come Outside (1993-1997), Nurse Gladys Emmanuel in the BBC comedy series Open All Hours (1976-1985) and its sequel, Still Open All Hours (2013-2016), and Linda Clarke in EastEnders in (2006; 2008-2009; 2016). Baron was born in Urmston, Lancashire, England.
Baron died on 5 March 2022, aged 82.
References
1939 births
2022 deaths
English movie actors
English television actors
English stage actors
Actors from Lancashire
Singers from Lancashire
Comedians from Lancashire
Julio César Pinheiro

Julio Cesar Pinheiro (born 22 August 1976) is a Brazilian football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1996/97||rowspan="2"|Celaya||rowspan="2"|Primera Division||16||3
|-
|1997/98||17||1
|-
|1997/98||Logrones||Segunda Division||16||0
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="2"|Celaya||rowspan="2"|Primera Division||32||3
|-
|1999/00||39||6
|-
|2000/01||rowspan="3"|Cruz Azul||rowspan="3"|Primera Division||34||9
|-
|2001/02||37||9
|-
|2002/03||23||3
|-
|2003/04||Osasuna||La Liga||6||0
|-
|2003/04||Atlas||Primera Division||12||2
|-
|2005||Ponte Preta||Serie A||0||0
|-
|2005/06||Monterrey||Primera Division||22||0
|-
|2005/06||Universidad Nacional||Primera Division||11||0
|-
|2006||Kyoto Purple Sanga||J. League 1||5||0
243||36
22||0
0||0
5||0
270||36
|}
References
1976 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Trench coat

A trench coat (or trenchcoat) is a type of outdoor clothing. Trenchcoats are long coats made from stiff material, like heavy-duty cotton. They were invented for soldiers to wear in The First World War to keep them warm. Most trench coats also protect the wearer against rain.
As a fashion
In the 1950s, trench coats became a popular fashion item. In the 1980s and 1990s, trench coats were worn by punk rock musicians and gothic rock musicians. There have been many remodels of it.
Protective clothing
Salta City

Salta is a city in the north of Argentina.
It is the capital of Salta Province. In 2010, 618,375 people lived there.
Cities in Argentina
Capitals of Argentine provinces
Salta Province
Launceston

Launceston is a town near the A30 road in Cornwall, England. In 2001 there were 7,135 people living in Launceston. The parish church is dedicated to St Mary Magdalen. Launceston was the former capital of Cornwall until it was replaced by Bodmin in 1835.
Launceston is just over one mile (1.6 km) west of the River Tamar which marks the border between Cornwall and Devon and is often referred to as the "gateway to Cornwall".
The Norman ruler of Cornwall built a castle here which is now in ruins.
References
Towns in Cornwall
Civil parishes in Cornwall
Market towns in England
Madagascar (disambiguation)

Madagascar is an island country off the eastern coast of Africa.
Madagascar can also mean:
Madagascar (1994 movie), a Cuban movie by Fernando Perez
Madagascar (2005 movie), an American computer-animated comedy movie produced by DreamWorks Animation
Madagascar: Escape 2 Africa, the 2008 sequel to the 2005 movie
Madagascar 3: Europe's Most Wanted, the 2012 sequel to the 2008 movie
Sparkman, Arkansas

Sparkman is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Cities in Arkansas
Karuizawa, Nagano

is a Japanese town in the Kitasaku District of Nagano Prefecture.
History
Karuizawa is on the southern slope of Mount Asama.
In the Edo period, it was a waystation on the Kisokaido road.
In the early Meiji period, the area was developed as a health resort.
It is a popular tourist spot for people from Tokyo who travel to Karuizawa to get away from the summer heat.
References
Other websites
Towns in Japan
Settlements in Nagano Prefecture
Light microscope

A light microscope works like a refracting telescope except that the object is very close to the objective lens. An object to be studied, for example a tiny organism so small it looks like just a dot, is put on a slide, which is usually a flat piece of glass. The clips on the microscope's flat stage hold the slide in place. The stage can be adjusted to add more light. It also moves to allow different layers of the object to be in focus. The user looks through the microscope eyepiece. A mirror at the bottom of the microscope reflects light rays up to the object through a hole in the stage. Objective lenses magnify the image which is made even larger when it is seen through the eyepiece lenses. Some light microscopes are actually digital cameras, made to photograph small things but having no eyepiece.
Many microscopes, often used in colleges and high schools, normally have a top magnification of 40x with the option of having 4x and 8x. This lets the microscope show basic cells and other items. Others can magnify hundreds of times, or thousands.
Components
All modern optical microscopes designed for viewing samples by transmitted light share the same basic components of the light path, listed here in the order the light travels through them. Also almost all microscopes have the same 'structural' components:
Ocular lens (eyepiece) (1)
Objective turret or Revolver or Revolving nose piece (to hold multiple objective lenses) (2)
Objective (3)
Focus wheel to move the stage (4 - coarse adjustment, 5 - fine adjustment)
Frame (6)
Light source, a light or a mirror (7)
Diaphragm and condenser lens (8)
Stage (to hold the sample) (9)
These entries are numbered according to the image on the right.
Alternatives
Optical microscopes cannot show things that are smaller than light waves, because of the diffraction limit. Microscopes which can see smaller things include:
Atomic force microscope (AFM)
Scanning electron microscope (SEM)
Scanning ion-conductance microscopy (SICM)
Scanning tunneling microscope (STM)
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
Ultraviolet microscope
X-ray microscope
Other websites
Antique Microscopes.com A collection of early microscopes
Historical microscopes , an illustrated collection with more than 3000 photos of scientific microscopes by European makers
The Golub Collection, A collection of 17th through 19th Century microscopes, including extensive descriptions
Molecular Expressions, concepts in optical microscopy
Online tutorial of practical optical microscopy
OpenWetWare
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek: father of microscopy and microbiology
Microscopes
Constitution of the United Kingdom

The Constitution of the United Kingdom is a set of laws and rules in the United Kingdom that governs how the country is organized and the basic rights and freedoms of the people.
The UK's constitution is not written in one single document like many other countries' are. In fact, the UK's constitution is not completely written down at all. Some of it can be found in writing, starting with the Magna Carta of 1215 and the Bill of Rights Act 1689 and including more modern Acts of Parliament. Other parts of it are considered common law and are made up of the decisions of judges over many hundreds of years in a system called legal or judicial precedence. Because of this, some people say that the United Kingdom has a de facto or "unwritten" constitution.
Using the word "unwritten" is a problem, because most British laws and rules are written as statutes, or court judgments, the law of equity and in various treaties. Most of these laws come from the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Because most of the constitution is written down in this way, it is not technically correct to call it "unwritten" or "de facto". However, these words are still used. The Constitution of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is even more different to most other constitutions in that it is just a normal set of laws, and not a "higher" law that the government cannot easily change. The constitution has no more authority than any other law in the UK, and the government can change it just by passing a new Act.
Constitutional principles
Parliamentary sovereignty
Parliamentary sovereignty means that the UK Parliament can pass, change and remove any law it wants. Countries with codified ("written") constitutions usually have a set of rules that make it harder for legislatures to change the constitution. In the UK, the constitution can be changed with a new Act.
Rule of law
The United Kingdom has rule of law. This means that everyone, including important government officials, has to follow the law. The rule of law also means that people can't be punished for doing something that isn't illegal.
Constitutional monarchy
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. This means it has a Queen or a King. The Queen or King is decided by whether or not their parents, or other close relative, were King or Queen. Oldest brothers used to get to be King first, then the next brother, and so on, turning only to daughters when there were no sons. Queen Elizabeth II changed this, however, and rewrote the law so that the eldest child now becomes the next monarch no matter what that person's gender is.
Related pages
Constitution
Constitutionalism
Constitutional economics
References
Other websites
Ministry of Justice - Governance of Britain
The Constitution Society - Charity founded in order to promote public understanding of the British Constitution
Government of the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Sun Yat-sen

Sun Te-Ming or Sun Yat-sen (12 November 1866 - 12 March 1925) was born in China and was a Chinese political leader. Sun helped overthrow the Qing Dynasty in October 1911. This was the last imperial dynasty of China. He is often called as Father of the Nation.
He was president when the Republic of China was founded in 1912. He later co-founded the Kuomintang. Sun remains revered in both mainland China and Taiwan. A massive portrait of Sun continues to appear in Tiananmen Square for May Day and National Day.
Early years
Sun Yat-sen was born on 12 November 1866 to Sun Dacheng and Madame Yang in Cuiheng, Xiangshan County (now Zhongshan City), Guangdong.He had a cultural background of Hakka (with roots in Zijin, Heyuan, Guangdong) and Cantonese. His father owned very few lands and worked as a tailor in Macau, and as a journeyman and a porter. After finishing primary education, he moved to Honolulu in the Kingdom of Hawaii, where he lived a comfortable life of modest wealth supported by his elder brother Sun Mei.
Death
After his death in Beijing, his body was shown at a temple in the Fragrant Hills.
Presidents of the Republic of China
1866 births
1925 deaths
People from Guangdong
Lambersart

Lambersart is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 27,400 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Heliodor Píka

General Heliodor Pika (July 3, 1897 Stitina - June 21, 1949 Plzen ) was a Czechoslovakian army officer. He is also well known as representative of Czechoslovakian anti-Nazi resistance and a victim of communism.
Early life
Heliodor Pika was born on July 3,1897 in Stitina near Opava. His father was Ignac Pika, who was a wheelwright. In 1915 he graduated from the Gymnasium in Opava. Originally, he wanted to study Pharmacy. In 1916 he was sent to the Galician front. On July 28, 1916, he was captured by Russian units in Berestechko. Later he joined Czechoslovakian legion.
Czechoslovak Army
In 1917 he was sent to the Western front in France. In Le Havre he went through intensive military training. He fought there until 1919.
In 1920 he graduated from Ecole speciale militaire de Saint-Cyr. He became a teacher at the Military academy in Hranice. In the 1930s, Pika acted as a military attache to Romania and Turkey.
In 1941 he cooperated with Czechoslovakian units in USSR. They were supported by Czechoslovakian government in exile. He also attended the ceremonial signing of the Czechoslovak-Soviet treaty. In 1943 he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. After the war, he was promoted to major general and served as Deputy Chief of Staff.
Execution
At the time of the February coup, General Pika was ill. In March 1948, he had to stay at the military hospital in Prague. While he was recovering, General Reicin ordered him to be arrested and interrogated. He was falsely accused of spying and of High treason. In January 26 to 28, 1948 he was tried and sentenced to death. The execution took place in the prison in Plzen on June 21, 1948.
Rehabilitation
Thanks to Milan Pika, who was Pikas son, his case was reviewed. A military court proved that there is no single piece of evidence, which would convict him. On December 13, 1968 he was cleared of all charges and fully rehabilitated.
References
1897 births
1949 deaths
Czechoslovak people
European military people
Generals
MICR

The MICR is a device that can recognise human readable characters printed on documents such as cheques using a special magnetic ink. The reader reads these characters by examining their shapes. Characters are printed in a special font. Each character is formed by a 7 x 10 matrix. The MICR has a magnetic head which can detect the magnetic pattern for each character.
The abbreviation MICR stands for Magnetic Ink Character Recognition. This is a type of data input often found in banks. The bank account number and other details are printed onto bank cheques (USA - checks)in a special font with magnetic ink.
The magnetic characters can be read very quickly and accurately by MICR readers.
Numbers in a special MICR font
Data input
Lester Holt

Lester Holt is an American television show host for NBC. Since 2015, Holt has been the anchor for the NBC Nightly News during the weekdays.
NBC
American television presenters
Romana, Sardinia

Romana (Rumana) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 543 people lived there. Its area is 21.6 km2. It is 267 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Every Woman in the World

"Every Woman in the World" is a 1980 song by Australian soft rock duo Air Supply. It was taken from their fifth studio album Lost in Love. It went to number 3 in Canada, number 5 in the United States, number 7 in New Zealand and number 8 in Australia.
References
1980 songs
1980s ballads
Air Supply songs
Soft rock songs
Naucalpan de Juárez

Naucalpan, officially Naucalpan de Juarez, is a city and municipality in the Mexican state of Mexico. The name Naucalpan comes from Nahuatl language. It means "place of the four neighborhoods or four houses". It is just northwest of Mexico City.
Municipalities of Mexico (state)
Macclesfield Town F.C.

Macclesfield Town Football Club were an English football club from Macclesfield, Cheshire.
Honours
Football League Third Division:
Runners Up (1): 1998
FA Trophy:
Winners (2): 1970, 1996
Football Conference
Champions (2): 1995, 1997
Conference League Cup
Winners (1): 1994
Runners Up (2): 1996, 1997
Northern Premier League
Champions (3): 1969, 1970, 1987
Runners Up (1): 1985
Northern Premier League Challenge Cup
Winners (1): 1987
Northern Premier League President's Cup
Winners (1): 1987
Cheshire League
Champions (6): 1932, 1933, 1953, 1961, 1964, 1968
Runners Up (3): 1934, 1962, 1965
Cheshire Senior Cup
Winners (20): 1890, 1891, 1894, 1896, 1911, 1930, 1935, 1951, 1952, 1954, 1960, 1964, 1969, 1971, 1973, 1983, 1991, 1992, 1998, 2000
Runners Up (11): 1895, 1907, 1910, 1936, 1950, 1974, 1977, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1997
Manchester Football League
Champions (2): 1909, 1911
Runners Up (1): 1907
The Combination
Runners Up (2): 1891, 1896
Staffordshire Senior Cup
Winners (1): 1993, 1996
Cheshire Premier Cup
Runners Up (2): 2009, 2010
References
Cheshire
English football clubs
1874 establishments in England
Baldwin, Louisiana

Baldwin is a town in St. Mary Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Towns in Louisiana
Settlements in St. Mary Parish, Louisiana
University of Montana – Missoula

University of Montana - Missoula is a public university in Missoula, Montana. The university has about 15,642 students. It was founded in 1893. The current president of the university is Royce Engstrom. University of Montana's ranking in the 2022 edition of Best Colleges is National Universities, #277. Its in-state tuition and fees are $7,492; out-of-state tuition and fees are $28,252.
Sports
The athletics teams of the university are called the Grizzlies except for the women's basketball team, which is called the Lady Griz. They have 14 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.
References
Other websites
University of Montana - Missoula's Official website
Montana Grizzlies' Official athletics website
Big Sky Conference
Colleges and universities in Montana
1893 establishments in Montana
Missoula, Montana
Adãozinho

Adao Nunes Dornelles (2 April 1923 - 30 August 1991) was a former Brazilian football player. He played for the Brazil national team.
1923 births
1991 deaths
Brazilian footballers
Sportspeople from Porto Alegre
Ay Juancito

Ay Juancito is a 2004 Argentine biographical drama movie directed by Hector Olivera and starring Adrian Navarro, Ines Estevez, Leticia Bredice, Norma Aleandro, Jorge Marrale, Alejandro Awada, Atilio Pozzobon, Laura Novoa.
Other websites
2004 drama movies
2000s biographical movies
Argentine biographical movies
Argentine drama movies
Movies directed by Hector Olivera
Holmes Osborne

Holmes Osborne (born November 7, 1947) is an American actor, best known for starring in Richard Kelly's movies Donnie Darko (2001), Southland Tales (2007), and The Box (2009). He has also starred in That Thing You Do! (1996), Affliction (1997), Bring It On (2000), Cheaper by the Dozen (2003), and Larry Crowne (2011).
Career
In 1996, Osborne played the father of Tom Everett Scott's character in the musical comedy-drama movie That Thing You Do!. In 1999, he guest starred, along with Lance Henriksen (reprising his role as Frank Black), in an episode of The X-Files as a necromancer for the Millennium Group. In 2000, he starred as Kirsten Dunst's father in the teen comedy Bring It On.
Osborne then starred as Eddie Darko, the main character's father, in the science fiction drama movie Donnie Darko (2001). He then appeared in the family comedy Cheaper by the Dozen (2003). The following year, he co-starred in the comedy movie Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy. In 2006, Osborne starred as the main villain in the Disney movie Air Buddies. In 2007, he reunited with Donnie Darko director Richard Kelly on the dramedy thriller movie Southland Tales, and again in 2009 on the psychological thriller movie The Box. Also in 2009, he co-starred in the comedy movie All About Steve.
In 2011, he has a supporting role in the Tom Hanks movie Larry Crowne. He has made appearances on television series such as House M. D., Cold Case, CSI: Miami, Rules of Engagement, Dharma & Greg, and had a recurring role on the ABC science fiction series Invasion.
References
Other websites
1947 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
Sally Ann Howes

Sally Ann Howes (20 July 1930 - 19 December 2021) was an English actress and singer. She was best known for the role of Truly Scrumptious in the 1968 musical movie Chitty Chitty Bang Bang. She was nominated for a Tony Award in 1963 for her role in Brigadoon.
Howes died on 19 December 2021 in London, aged 91.
References
Other websites
1930 births
2021 deaths
English movie actors
English television actors
English stage actors
English voice actors
Actors from London
Singers from London
GOG.com

GOG.com (Good Old Games) is a digital distribution platform for video games and movies. It is owned by CD Projekt based in Warsaw, Poland. GOG.com lets user download DRM-free video games through its platform for Microsoft Windows, macOS and Linux.
References
Video game companies of Europe
Companies of Poland
Alfred, Lord Tennyson

Alfred Tennyson, 1st Baron Tennyson, FRS (6 August 1809 - 6 October 1892) was Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom in the Victorian era. He remains one of the most popular poets in the English language.
Tennyson was excellent at writing short lyrics like In the valley of Cauteretz, Break, break, break, The Charge of the Light Brigade, Tears, idle tears and Crossing the Bar. Much of his verse like The Lotus Eaters was based on classical mythological themes. Tennyson also wrote some notable blank verse including Idylls of the King, Ulysses, and Tithonus. During his career, Tennyson attempted drama, but his plays were not very successful.
Red in tooth and claw
In Memoriam A.H.H. was a poem by Tennyson, written in memory of his best friend Arthur Hallam. Hallam was a fellow poet and classmate at Trinity College, Cambridge. He had been engaged to Tennyson's sister, but died from a cerebral hemorrhage before they could get married.
The poem was published after Tennyson had read a pro-evolution book by Robert Chambers. The fundamentalist idea of Biblical inerrancy was in conflict with science. Tennyson expressed the difficulties evolution raised for faith in "the truths that never can be proved".
The poem is too long to quote in full, but this shows how he was thinking of the living world:
Are God and Nature then at strife,That Nature lends such evil dreams?
So careful of the type she seems,So careless of the single life;
That I, considering everywhereHer secret meaning in her deeds,
And finding that of fifty seedsShe often brings but one to bear.
The much-quoted phrase comes soon after, in section 56. It refers to humanity:
Who trusted God was love indeedAnd love Creation's final law
Tho' Nature, red in tooth and clawWith ravine, shriek'd against his creed.
The phrase Nature, red in tooth and claw was taken up as a metaphor for life in general, even before Darwin's Origin of species was published.
Tis better to have loved and lost...
The poem has another, perhaps even better-known stanza:
I hold it true, whate'er befall;I feel it when I sorrow most;
'Tis better to have loved and lostThan never to have loved at all.
References
2. DGM News "The Life and Works ".
1809 births
1892 deaths
English poets
United Kingdom Barons
People from Lincolnshire
People buried in Westminster Abbey
British poets laureate
Zhu Rongji

Zhu Rongji (; born 1 October 1928) is a Chinese politician. He served as Mayor and Party chief in Shanghai between 1987 and 1991. He then served as Vice Premier and then fifth Premier of the People's Republic of China from March 1998 to March 2003.
References
Other websites
Profile at China Vitae
1928 births
Living people
Premiers of the People's Republic of China
Vice Premiers of the People's Republic of China
Mesnil-Saint-Nicaise

Mesnil-Saint-Nicaise is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Herbert Scarf

Herbert Eli Scarf (July 25, 1930 - November 15, 2015) was an American economist and professor emeritus of Economics at Yale University (2010-2015).
He was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of Sciences and the American Philosophical Society. He served as the president of the Econometric Society in 1983. He received both the Frederick Lanchester Award in 1973 and the John von Neumann Medal in 1983 from the Operations Research Society of America and was elected as a Distinguished Fellow of the American Economic Association in 1991.
Scarf was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He studied at Princeton University and at Temple University. Scarf died at his home in Sag Harbor, New York from heart failure, aged 85.
References
Other websites
Personal web site
The works of Herbert Scarf
1930 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
American economists
Educators from New York City
Scientists from New York City
Scientists from Philadelphia
Educators from Philadelphia
Critical analysis

Critical analysis is to examine something that someone has said. It means to study the individual parts of the work.
References
Thought
Logic
Wilhelm Frick

Wilhelm Frick (12 March 1877 in Alsenz - 16 October 1946 in Nuremberg) was a well-known Nazi official. Between 1933 and 1943, he was a minister of the Third Reich) After the end of World War II, he was executed for war crimes. He replaced Reinhard Heydrich in 1942 in the Gestapo after Heydrich's assassination. He was executed in 1946 at Nuremberg .
Other websites
1877 births
1946 deaths
Executed German people
Executed Nazis
German lawyers
German Protestants
German war criminals
Government ministers of Nazi Germany
Holocaust perpetrators
Members of the Reichstag (Nazi Germany)
Members of the Reichstag (Weimar Republic)
People executed by hanging
Politicians from Rhineland-Palatinate
Politicians of the Nazi Party
The Alive and the Dead

The Alive and the Dead () is a 1964 Soviet war drama movie directed by Aleksandr Stolper. It stars Kirill Lavrov, Viktor Avdyushko, and Anatoli Papanov.
Actors
Kirill Lavrov as Ivan Sintsov
Viktor Avdyushko as Sergeant Shestakov, commander of the gun
Anatoli Papanov as General Serpilin
Aleksei Glazyrin as Malinin
Oleg Yefremov as Ivanov
Lyudmila Krylova as Ovsyannikova
References
Other websites
Soviet drama movies
Soviet war movies
1964 war movies
1964 drama movies
Russian drama movies
Russian war movies
World War II movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Aleksandr Stolper
Movies set in Belarus
Movies set in Russia
Jack Russell Terrier

The Jack Russell Terrier is a small dog with a white coat that can be smooth or rough-coated. Some have a broken coat that is also called "wire-haired".
This terrier is good at fox hunting.
History
The Jack Russell terrier were originally bred in England by the Reverend John Russell from about 1819. The Jack Russell is sturdier than the standard terrier. It is a fast runner, has a great nose and can hunt the fox even when it goes underground. It can also be used as a work dog.
"Difficulty in telling the terrier from the creature it was bolting out of its den brought about the desire for a more white-bodied dog. In all probability the English Black and Tan Terrier was crossed with the Old English White Terrier (both now extinct) to achieve the type of coat and colouring we have today in our Jack Russell Terriers".
Variants
As with other domesticated animals, there are numerous variations. Differences in naming were caused by the different regulations of different kennel clubs. Some dog clubs make a difference between what they call "Parson Jack Russell Terriers", which are over 12" (inches) at the shoulders, and "Jack Russell Terriers" which are under 12" in height. Other clubs do not. They are broadly the same type of dog. It is easy to change the height of dogs by selective breeding, and the reason working dogs come in different sizes is to make them better at a particular job. Taller terriers were used for hunting foxes, and smaller terriers were used for hunting rabbits and rodents.
"So historically the Jack Russell and the Parson are the same breed with their breed standards written by different groups of enthusiasts in different countries. Today, the only actual difference is leg length".
References
Other websites
Jack Russell Terrier Clubs
Jack Russell Terrier Club of America
Jack Russell Terrier Club of Canada
Other websites
A Pictorial History of Working Terriers
Terrier Work Basics
Jack Russell Rescue Australia, the only Jack Russell Terrier Rescue group in Australia
Jack Russell Terrier Pictures & Info
Jack Russell Training and Raising Information
Terriers
Hagen Bower

Hagen Bower is a retired table tennis player from New Zealand Hagen competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He was born on June 10, 1972.
References
Other websites
1972 births
Living people
New Zealand Olympians
Table tennis players
Sportspeople from Wellington