pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Equestrian tourism

Equestrian tourism (horse tourism) is an international sport and active recreation. It includes horseback riding, in which tourists travel on horseback or in carriages, and equipment and food are also transported on horses, carriages or by accompanying transport. Official equestrian tourism events and competitions on the territory of Ukraine are organized by the All-Ukrainian Federation of Equestrian Tourism Techniques "TREK" (NGO "TREK"). Equestrian tourism is a type of green rural tourism.
Types
Equestrian tourism in Ukraine includes the following types:
Horseback riding -- long trips outside the special club, usually carried out by a group of tourists. Overnight stays can be held both in tents and indoors. Horses can spend the night on leashes, in electric shepherds, meadows, stables, etc.
T.R.E.C. (from French Techniques de Randonnee Equestre de Competition) -- All-Ukrainian competitions in equestrian tourism techniques. The discipline is created to develop the cooperation of rider and horse. This sport originated in France. The TREC competition consists of three separate stages: orienteering, gait control and obstacle course, which are held for one or two days. The first track competitions were held in Ukraine in 2014.
Equirogaine is a competition based on the Australian multi-race "Rogaine". Combines tactics and strategy, cross-country navigation, physical endurance. The competition lasts from 3 to 24 hours. The first equirogain competitions in Ukraine were held in 2017.
Equirand is an annual equestrian festival held once a year. The organizers count the collection point, those who wish to register and go to a certain point in the format of a horseback riding. The first place is given to the participant or group of participants who have covered the greatest distance on horseback. You can participate both on your own and on a rented horse. The first festival in Ukraine was held in 2015.
History
The longest recorded equestrian tourist route in Ukraine was in 1994. Its distance was 970 km. Participants and organizers were Mykola Dudarenko, Oleg Siperstein, Lada Mikhailova (coach of the equestrian sports section at KSP "Skadovsky"). Only some horses had breeding documents, others were officially "without breed". According to the map of the organizers, the route included arrival at the tomb of Taras Shevchenko in Kaniv and ran from Skadovsk to Senkovka. The group started on June 22 and finished the tour on July 10 (a total of 19 days of travel). On the way back, the horses were transported by car.
Equipment
Equestrian tourism requires comfortable riding clothes (boots, pants), protective equipment (helmet, reflective elements, including a vest, raincoat), as well as tourist equipment for the organization of life (tent, sleeping bag, mat, utensils, burner, etc. ). Horse equipment includes a comfortable saddle and valtrap, bridle, bridle and trunk, as well as brushes for cleaning the horse, a hoof hook. To organize the rest of the horses you need to take care of the leash or electric shepherd, concentrated feed, water.
Other websites
TREC
Equestrian tourism (ukr.)
Tourism
1999 East Timorese crisis

The 1999 East Timorese crisis was a conflict. Militia who did not like the independence in East Timor started the conflict when they attacked civilians. These attacks led to more violence all over the country. Most of the violence occurred in the capital Dili.
The violence started after the result of an election was independence from Indonesia. About 1400 people are thought to have died. An UN force (InterFET) made up mainly of people from the Australian Defence Force was sent to East Timor to establish and maintain peace.
Details
Background: referendum
In 1999, there was a lot of pressure on Indonesia. Therefore, the Indonesian government decided to hold a vote. In this referendum it asked the people of East Timor, whether they wanted to stay with Indonesia or become independent. Portugal had done some lobbying. The referendum was held on August 30. In it, a clear majority (78.5%) of people voting said they would prefer to become independent. The alternative proposal would have been to stay with Indonesia, but to have many freedoms as an autonomous province, called Special Autonomous Region of East Timor (SARET).
Violence
Directly after the referendum, violence broke out. The violence came from Indonesian soldiers and from a special East Timorese pro-integration militia which was supported by Indonesia. These troops became violent and terrorised the population. They did not like how the people had voted. About 1400 Timorese people were killed. 300.000 had to flee to West Timor to live as refugees. Most of the infrastructure of the country, including houses, watering systems, and the electricity was destroyed. Noam Chomsky said: "In one month, this massive military operation murdered some 2,000 people, raped hundreds of women and girls, displaced three-quarters of the population, and demolished 75 percent of the country's infrastructure."
InterFET
On 20 September 1999 the Australian-led peacekeeping troops of the International Force for East Timor (INTERFET) came to the country. This ended the violence. Activists in Portugal, Australia, the United States, and elsewhere pressured their governments to take action. US President Bill Clinton eventually threatened Indonesia, that the IMF loans would be stopped. Indonesia was in deep economic troubles already. The Indonesian government agreed to withdraw its troops and allowed a multinational force into Timor to stabilize the area. It was clear that the UN did not have sufficient resources to fight the paramilitary forces directly. Instead, the UN authorised the creation of a multinational military force known as INTERFET (International Force for East Timor), with Security Council Resolution 1264. 23 nations sent troops, about 11,000 people in total. The force was led by Major-General Peter Cosgrove. Troops landed in East Timor on 20 September 1999.
References
1999 in Asia
East Timor
Civil wars involving Asia
Conflicts in 1999
Oak Leaf, Texas

Oak Leaf is a city in Ellis County, Texas, United States.
Cities in Texas
Box

A box is a container used to put things in. It is mainly a cuboid (square) shape, but it can be other shapes too. Boxes are usually made out of cardboard, wood, plastic or metal.
Many boxes are made of cardboard, and a lot of them are made. They are primarily used for packaging, commercial goods or storing goods and materials. They can be made from bent or wrinkled cardboard. In their most obvious life stage, they are popularly used as a cheap material to hold a range of projects, among them being science experiments, children's toys, costumes and other things.
A box also means a rectangle, e.g. userbox. But rectangles are mainly referred to as rectangles, the term box is the outline, or perimeter of the rectangle.
Basic English 850 words
Containers
PAX AM Days

PAX AM Days is an EP released by American rock band Fall Out Boy. They released it on October 15, 2013. Allmusic gave it 3 stars out of 5. It has been described by the band as being more of an "old school" punk style, as opposed to their normal style of more melodic and lyrical punk.
Track listing
"We Were Doomed from the Start (The King Is Dead)" - 1:35
"Art of Keeping Up Disappearances" - 1:03
"Hot to the Touch, Cold on the Inside" - 1:24
"Love, Sex, Death" - 1:23
"Eternal Summer" - 1:45
"Demigods" - 1:50
"American Made" - 1:38
"Caffeine Cold" - 2:41
References
2015 albums
Fall Out Boy albums
Bert Hellinger

Anton "Bert" Hellinger (16 December 1925 - 19 September 2019) was a German psychotherapist. He worked with a therapeutic method best known as Family Constellations and Systemic Constellations. He was born in Leimen, Baden, Germany. In 1973, he left Germany for a second time and traveled to the United States to be trained for 9 months by Arthur Janov.
Works
Hellinger, B. (2001). Love's own truths: Bonding and balancing in close relationships (M. Oberli-Turner & H. Beaumont, Trans.). Phoenix, AZ: Zeig, Tucker & Theisen.
Hellinger, B. (2002). Insights: Lectures and stories. (J. ten Herkel, Trans.). Heidelberg, Germany: Carl-Auer-Systeme Verlag.
Hellinger, B. (2002). On life & other paradoxes: Aphorisms and little stories from Bert Hellinger (R. Metzner, Trans.). Phoenix, AZ: Zeig, Tucker & Theisen.
Hellinger, B. (2003). Farewell family constellations with descendants of victims and perpetrators (C. Beaumont, Trans.). Heidelberg, Germany: Carl-Auer-Systeme Verlag.
Hellinger, B. (2003). Rachel Weeping for Her Children: Family Constellations in Israel Heidelberg, Germany: Carl-Auer-International.
Hellinger, B. (2003). Peace begins in the soul: Family constellations in the service of reconciliation (C. Beaumont, Trans.). Heidelberg, Germany: Carl-Auer-Systeme Verlag.
Hellinger, B. (2006). No waves without the ocean: Experiences and thoughts (J. ten Herkel & S. Tombleson, Trans.). Heidelberg, Germany: Carl-Auer-Systeme Verlag.
Hellinger, B. (2007). With God in mind. Berchtesgaden, Germany: Hellinger Publications.
Hellinger, B. (2009). Natural Transcendence. Hellinger publications.
Hellinger, B. & ten Hovel, G. (1999). Acknowledging what is: Conversations with Bert Hellinger. Phoenix, AZ: Zeig, Tucker & Theisen.
Hellinger, B., Weber, G., & Beaumont, H. (1998). Love's hidden symmetry: What makes love work in relationships. Phoenix, AZ: Zeig, Tucker & Theisen.
References
Other websites
hellinger.com Official page
German theologians
Writers from Baden-Wurttemberg
1925 births
2019 deaths
German psychologists
Fourg

Fourg is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
DWWW

DWWW (774 AM) is a C-QUAM AM radio station owned and operated by Interactive Broadcast Media in the Philippines. The station is also an affiliate station of the Radio Mindanao Network. The studio is in Unit 808, Atlanta Centre, Annapolis St., Greenhills, San Juan City, while the transmitter is at Brgy. Tagalag, Valenzuela City, Philippines.
Other websites
DWWW website
DWWW on Ustream
Radio stations in the Philippines
Metro Manila
Clay County

Clay County is the name of 18 counties in the United States.
Clay County, Alabama
Clay County, Arkansas
Clay County, Florida
Clay County, Georgia
Clay County, Illinois
Clay County, Indiana
Clay County, Iowa
Clay County, Kansas
Clay County, Kentucky
Clay County, Minnesota
Clay County, Mississippi
Clay County, Missouri
Clay County, Nebraska
Clay County, North Carolina
Clay County, South Dakota
Clay County, Tennessee
Clay County, Texas
Clay County, West Virginia
Leonie Kooiker

Leonie Kooiker (20 October 1927 - 16 April 2020) was a Dutch children's writer. She was born in Markelo, Netherlands. She published for the children's magazine Kris Kras. Her first book (), won her the Gouden Griffel. Her book Het Oerlanderboek, won her the Vlag en Wimpel award.
Kooiker died in Papendrecht, Netherlands on 16 April 2020, aged 92.
References
1927 births
2020 deaths
Dutch children's writers
Writers from Overijssel
Johnny Ekström

Johnny Ekstrom (born 5 March 1965) is a former Swedish footballer. He is most known for his time at IFK Goteborg.
He became both a Swedish and German champion, with Bayern Munich and IFK Goteborg. He was also a fan-favorite at Italian team Empoli F.C. There he received the Italian nickname of "Il Ciclone" (The Cyclone) because of his quickness while dribbling the ball.
Ekstrom also played for the Sweden national team and took part in the 1990 FIFA World Cup.
His nicknames in Sweden include "Kallebacks-Expressen" (the express train from Kalleback) and "Johnny Brattom" (Johnny in a Hurry), named after his speed. He played for IFK Goteborg when he was a child, and made his way to the senior squad quickly. He often went back to IFK Goteborg years later.
References
1965 births
Living people
Swedish footballers
1990 FIFA World Cup players
Li Yaowen

Li Yaowen (; 1 May 1918 - 10 April 2018) was a general in the People's Liberation Army of China.
He was an alternate member of the 11th CPC Central Committee, a member of the 12th CPC Central Committee, and a member of the Central Advisory Commission.
References
1918 births
2018 deaths
Infectious disease deaths in China
Deaths from pneumonia
Chinese military people
Chinese politicians
Ambassadors of China
Limoges Cathedral

Limoges Cathedral () is a Roman Catholic cathedral found in Limoges, France.
Other websites
Location
Roman Catholic cathedrals
Cathedrals in France
Limoges
13th-century buildings and structures
Sahti

Sahti is a traditional beer from Finland. It has alcohol 7-9%. The writer Michael Jackson made sahti more well-known in other parts of the world.
Finnish manufacturers
Lammin sahti
Yolly Giant
Joutsan sahti Oy
Other websites
Sahtiverkko (Finnish) .
Finnish culture
Beer
Swindon railway station

Swindon railway station is a train station in Swindon, Wiltshire, South West England. It was opened on 17 December 1840 by the Great Western Railway.
The station has services between London and Bristol. There are also trains to Cardiff.
A new platform, platform 4 opened in 2003.
Plans
In December 2005 people were told that stations in the Thames Valley area were to be made better.
On 1 March 2011, Philip Hammond MP, (the UK Government's Secretary of State for Transport) said that he had made plans for making the Great Western main line electric from Didcot to Swindon, and and Cardiff, through Bath Spa and Chippenham. The Department's reading said that new electric trains would be made by Hitatchi. The electrification had first been told by the last Labour Government's Transport Secretary, Lord Andrew Adonis..
References
Railway stations in England
Swindon
Buildings and structures in Wiltshire
Axolotl

The axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) is the best known of the Mexican mole salamanders: it belongs to the Tiger Salamander complex. The Axolotl shows paedomorphosis: the larvae do not undergo metamorphosis, so the adults stay aquatic, with external gills.
Natural history
The species evolved in the lake underlying Mexico City. Axolotls are used a lot in scientific research because they can regenerate most body parts, are easy to breed, and have large embryos.
Axolotls are closely related to waterdogs, the larval stage of the closely related Tiger salamanders Ambystoma tigrinum and Ambystoma mavortium. These are common in much of North America and also sometimes become neotenic. The mudpuppies, Necturus, are fully-aquatic salamanders which are not closely related to the axolotl, but look like it.
Wild axolotls are now near extinction due to population growth in Mexico City, and the polluted waters of the lake. Non-native fish, such as African tilapia and Asian carp, have also recently been introduced to the waters. These new fish have been eating the axolotls' young, as well as its primary source of food. The axolotl is currently on the IUCN Red List of threatened species.
Genetics and development
Compared with land-dwelling salamanders, the sexually mature adult Axolotl is a chimera (mixture) of larval and adult tissues. A mutation in hormone production slows the development of the non-sexual tissues compared to the gonads. So, it ends up as an adult which looks like a larva, except that it is sexually mature. This is an example of neoteny, a type of heterochrony. Axolotls in the lab have reduced pigmentation and end up being a lighter pink color, while axolotls that live in nature are a darker, brown to black color.
References
Salamanders
Developmental biology
Animals of North America
Mike Agostini

Michael George Raymond "Mike" Agostini (23 January 1935 - 12 May 2016) was a Trinidadian track and field athlete. He was from Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago.
In 1954, he became the first athlete from that country to take a gold medal at the Commonwealth Games when he won the 100 yards final in Vancouver, Canada, on 31 July. He competed in the 1956 Summer Olympics.
Agostini died on 12 May 2016 in Sydney, Australia from pancreatic cancer, aged 81.
References
1935 births
2016 deaths
1956 Summer Olympics
Trinidad and Tobago Olympians
Trinidad and Tobago athletes
People from Port of Spain
Sprinters
Euthanasia Coaster

The Euthanasia Coaster is an art concept. The idea was a steel roller coaster designed to kill its passengers.
In 2010, it was designed and made into a scale model by Julijonas Urbonas. Urbonas used to work in an amusement park. Urbonas said that the goal of his proposed roller coaster is to take lives "with elegance and euphoria". Urbonas said it would be like "euthanasia" or "execution".
John Allen, who was the president of the Philadelphia Toboggan Company, gave Urbonas the idea. Allen wanted an "ultimate" roller coaster that "sends out 24 people and they all come back dead". Urbonas took Allen's idea and designed the roller coaster. Urbonas said the roller coaster would make its passengers unconscious before killing them. It was criticized by the anti-euthanasia association Care Not Killing.
The roller coaster kills its passengers by drastically decreasing oxygen in their brains.
References
Other websites
Computer animated simulation of the ride
Roller coasters by name
Euthanasia
Art
Ceratophyllum

Ceratophyllum is a genus of flowering plants, commonly found in ponds, marshes, and quiet streams in tropical and in temperate regions.
Ceratophyllum grows completely submerged, usually, though not always, floating on the surface, and does not tolerate drought. The plant stems can reach 1-3 m in length. At intervals along nodes of the stem they produce rings of bright green leaves, which are narrow and often much-branched. The forked leaves are brittle and stiff to the touch in some species, softer in others.
Flowering plants
Aquatic plants
Rodion Shchedrin

Rodion Konstantinovich Shchedrin (, Rodion Konstantinovic Scedrin, born December 16, 1932 in Moscow) is a Russian composer and pianist.
He won many awards such as the Lenin (1984), USSR State Prize (1972) and the State Prize of the Russian Federation (1992). He is a former member of the Interregional Deputy Group (1989-1991).
Shchedrin was married to Russian ballet dancer Maya Plisetskaya from 1958 until her death in 2015.
Other websites
The Plisetskaya-Shchedrin Foundation
Rodion Shchedrin on the Sikorski website (publisher): portrait, biography (pdf) and works
Rodion Shchedrin
'David Fanning on Rodion Shchedrin and his Second Symphony and Rodion Shchedrin on David Fanning's publication'
Rodion Shchedrin interview by Bruce Duffie
Ismene Brown: theartsdesk Q&A: Composer Rodion Shchedrin theartsdesk.com 18 September 2010
1932 births
Living people
Russian composers
Russian pianists
Musicians from Moscow
May 2021 lunar eclipse

A total lunar eclipse took place on 26 May 2021. It was the first total lunar eclipse since the January 2019 lunar eclipse. It was visible in areas of southeast Asia, all of Australia, all of Oceania, most of Alaska and Canada, all of the lower 48 states, all of Hawaii, and most of South America. Totality lasted for 14 minutes making it one of the shortest eclipses of the 21st century.
References
Eclipses
May 2021 events
List of American scientists

Pages appear in :Category:American scientists
This is a list of American scientists.
Benjamin Franklin (d. 1790), President of Pennsylvania
Thomas Edison (d. 1931) - he and his workers made "the first practical incandescent light bulb";
Nikola Tesla (d. 1943), Serbian-American, best known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system; electrical engineer, mechanical engineer
Ferid Murad (b. 1936) - he has a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Related pages
List of scientists from North America
Sources
America
scientist
Augusto Righi

Augusto Righi (27 August 1850 - 8 June 1920) was an Italian physicist who was a big part in the study of electromagnetism. He was born and died in Bologna.
In 1872 and 1880 in Bologna, he was researching mostly in electrostatics. He became an ordinary professor in physics at the University of Palermo in 1880, when he was there he studied the transfer of heat and electricity in bismuth. From 1885 to 1889 he was a professor at the University of Padua (Padova), studying the photoelectric effect. In late 1889 he went to the University of Bologna, where he worked for the rest of his life on things like the Zeeman Effect, 'Roentgen rays', and magnetism.
Other websites
Righi at chem.ch.huji.ac.il
The professor of G. Marconi. http://www.radiomarconi.com/marconi/augustorighi.html
1850 births
1920 deaths
People from Bologna
Italian physicists
Sanja Stijačić

Sanja Stijacic (born 14 November 1965) is a Serbian flutist. She is also a professor at the Faculty of Arts (Pristina), University of Pristina in Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia and at the University of East Sarajevo, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Stijacic, Sanja
1965 births
Living people
Flutists
Alan Boswell

Alan Henry Boswell (8 August 1943 - 24 August 2017) was an English football goalkeeper who made 479 league and cup appearances in a 12-year career in the English Football League. He was born in Walsall, England.
He began his career at Walsall in 1961, before moving on to Shrewsbury Town in 1963. He spent five years at the club, before winning a move to First Division club Wolverhampton Wanderers in 1968. The next year he moved on to Bolton Wanderers, before signing with Port Vale in July 1972. He left Vale Park in May 1974, and later turned out for Oswestry Town.
Boswell died on 24 August 2017 at the age of 74.
References
1943 births
2017 deaths
English footballers
Touhou

Touhou or Touhou Project (Japanese: Dong Fang Project, Hepburn version: Toho Purojekuto) is a series of space shooter bullet hell games developed by a single individual game developer Team Shanghai Alice. From the year 1995, the team leader, Jun'ya Ota, also and mainly known as ZUN, has made code, art, writing and music for the series, publishing 18 main series games and five spin-offs as of May 2021. He has also written manga print works and composed albums, and worked together with the developer Twilight Frontier on six Touhou fighting games.
The games are set in Gensokyo, a place sealed from the outside world where mostly humans and youkai live. Youkai are creatures from Japanese folklore that are represented as people in the game as female characters most of the time. Reimu Hakurei, the shrine maiden of the Hakurei Shrine and the main character of the series, is often involved in settling supernatural incidents in and around Gensokyo. Other main characters include Marisa Kirisame, a witch, Sakuya Izayoi, a maid, Reisen Udongein Inaba, a moon rabbit, and Sanae Kochiya, a shrine maiden at the competing Moriya Shrine.
The first five games were developed for the Japanese NEC PC-9800 computer series, the first one, Highly Responsive to Prayers, was released in August 1997.
The series' famous danmaku system was introduced in the second game, Story Of Eastern Wonderland, also in 1997. The release of Embodiment of Scarlet Devil was a change to Microsoft Windows. More sequels followed, including some spin-offs that were different from the normal bullet hell format.
This game series has been very famous for being a large source of doujin content as different types of media such as songs, artworks, games and stories have been made by the followers of Touhou Project, and as a result it has gained a very large following outside Japan, due to the small amount of rules regarding copyright set up by ZUN. These works are usually sold at Fan conventions such as Comiket, which is notable for highest doujin circle participation, and the official Reitaisai, where early versions of upcoming games are put on display there.
Video game series
Action video games
Seismic analysis

Seismic performance analysis or seismic analysis is an intellectual tool of earthquake engineering which breaks the complex topic into smaller parts to gain a better understanding of seismic performance of building and non-building structures or their models.
In general, seismic analysis is based on the methods of structural dynamics. For decades, the most prominent instrument of seismic analysis has been the earthquake response spectrum method which, also, contributed to the proposed building code's concept of today.
However, those response spectra are good, mostly, for single-degree-of-freedom systems. Numerical step-by-step integration, applied with the charts of seismic performance, seems to be a more effective method of analysis for multi-degree-of-freedom structural systems at severe process of earthquake excitation.
The design of structures rests on authorized engineering procedures, principles and criteria meant to design or retrofit structures subject to earthquake exposure. Those criteria are consistent just with the contemporary state of the knowledge about building structures. Therefore, the building design which blindly follows some seismic code regulations does not guarantee safety against collapse or serious damage.
The price of poor seismic analysis may be enormous. Nevertheless, seismic analysis has always been a trial and error process no matter it was based upon physical laws or empirical knowledge.
References
Earthquake engineering
Modeling
Jasmine Guy

Jasmine Guy (born March 10, 1962) is an American actress, director, singer and dancer. She is best known for playing Whitley Marion Gilbert in the 1987-93 sitcom A Different World. She also played Erica in K.C. Undercover.
For her work, Guy was nominated for and won 4 NAACP Image Awards for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series from 1990 to 1993.
Guy was born in Boston, but raised in Atlanta.
Sources differ on Guy's birthdate. Some sources say she was born in 1962. Other sources mention 1964.
References
1962 births
American television actors
American stage actors
American movie actors
Actors from Boston
Actors from Atlanta
Living people
Aaron Alexandre

Aaron (Albert) Alexandre (, around 1765/68 in Hohenfeld, Franconia - 16 November 1850 in London, England) was a Jewish German-French-English chess player and writer.
Aaron Alexandre trained as a rabbi. He arrived in France in 1793. He taught German and was a mechanical inventor. He later became a full-time chess player. He wrote a book of all the known chess openings, the Encyclopedie des echecs (Encyclopedia of Chess, Paris, 1837). In the book, he used the algebraic notation and the castling symbols 0-0 and 0-0-0.
His next book was about the endgame and a collection of about 2000 chess problems, which he published in 1846 as Collection des plus beaux Problemes d'Echecs, Paris. English and German translations: Beauties of Chess, London, and Praktische Sammlung bester Schachspiel-Probleme, Leipzig.
Both books became standard reference books, demonstrating Alexandre's great technical knowledge. Alexandre was also one of the chess players who worked inside the chess playing machine, the Turk.
References
1766 births
1850 deaths
British Jews
British chess players
French Jews
German Jews
German chess players
European writers
Black caiman

The black caiman (Melanosuchus niger) is a species of caiman. It is the largest living member of the Alligatoridae family. It lives along slow-moving rivers, lakes and wetlands in the Amazon Basin of South America. The black caiman has very dark skin. It can grow up to in length.
Crocodilia
Reptiles of South America
Marquis de Sade

Donatien Alphonse Francois, Comte de Sade, (2 June 1740 - 2 December 1814), better known as the Marquis de Sade) was a French nobleman, writer and philosopher who was born in Paris. The de Sade family were French nobility, who came from Provence. Different members of the house held positions in the Church, and the French state at different times.
Once Donatien had grown up, he had troubles with the authorities several times. He was bisexual. He spent many years in prison and at a mental asylum.
The main points he was accused of were:
Whipping a prostitute.
Drugging prostitutes and later forcing them to have group sex, and also engage in sodomy.
On one of his escapades, he "accidentally" raped a close relative of his, who was a nun. This caused his family to drop him, and to hand him over to the authorities.
For this, he was sentenced to death (while being absent). He later escaped the death penalty by moving to Italy. The death penalty against him was later changed to a prison sentence.
In prison, he started to read about philosophy. He also started to write down his ideas. He tried to hide his writing, and also wrote in a very small print, so that the consumption of paper would not be noticed.
In later years, he was moved to an asylum (for the mentally ill), and gave his wife the possibility of a divorce.
After the French Revolution, he got out of the asylum, but in 1803 was declared mentally ill (and again was sent to the asylum). He died in the asylum in Val-de-Marne in 1814 at the age of 74.
The term 'sadism' was named after him. It refers to the habit of getting pleasure from giving pain.
References
1740 births
1814 deaths
Bisexual people
French criminals
French LGBT people
French novelists
French prisoners
LGBT criminals
LGBT writers
Sex offenders
Writers from Paris
Dobrica Ćosić

Dobrica Cosic (29 December 1921 - 18 May 2014) was a Serbian writer, theorist and politician. He was the first president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1992 to 1993. He is often known as the "Father of the Nation".
References
1921 births
2014 deaths
Presidents of Yugoslavia
Presidents of Serbia and Montenegro
Pasir Gudang

Pasir Gudang is a major city in the industrial sector in Johor, Malaysia. The city is administered by the Pasir Gudang City Council (MBPG) which is a special body owned by the Johor Corporation. It was accorded city status on 22 November 2020.
References
Cities in Malaysia
Johor
Eklutna Lake

Eklutna Lake is a large, glacier-fed lake to the north of the city of Anchorage, Alaska. The lake is the city's main source of water and also helps create electric power for the city.
Park
The lake is also part of the city's large park system. It is inside Chugach state park, one of the largest state parks in the United States. People who visit may walk the long trails or camp out between the tall mountains that surround the lake. In the winter, skiing and ice skating are popular activities.
Drive
The road from the Glenn Highway out of Anchorage to the lake is ten miles long. It also climbs high into the hills as it nears the campground. Many who enjoy the drive say that it is one of the most scenic drives in Alaska.
Dam
Two dams have been used to make electricity. The first was built in 1929 and worked for more than 30 years. It stopped being used in 1955 and was torn down in 2017. The new dam was built in 1951 and moves water through a tunnel to a generator used to make electricity for the city. This dam still serves the city.
Water
The lake and the river leading from it all come from melted snow high in the mountains. The city takes the water from the lake near the dam and treats it to remove germs and sand. It gives the city nearly 90% of its water. At least one company bottles water directly from Eklutna Lake to sell in stores around the country.
References
Lakes of the United States
Geography of Alaska
Domingo Lucenario Jr.

Domingo D. Lucenario, Jr. (3 September 1960 - 8 May 2015) was a Filipino diplomat. From 2013 until his death, he was the Ambassador to Pakistan.
Lucenario was born in Manila. He was married and had three children.
Lucenario died on 8 May 2015 in a helicopter crash in Naltar, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. He was 54.
References
1960 births
2015 deaths
Accidental deaths
Ambassadors
Aviation deaths
Asian diplomats
Filipino politicians
People from Manila
Purcell, Oklahoma

Purcell is a city in Oklahoma in the United States. It is the county seat of McClain County.
County seats in Oklahoma
Cities in Oklahoma
Herbert Blöcker

Herbert Blocker (1 January 1943 - 15 February 2014) was a German equestrian and Olympic medalist. He won a silver medal in eventing at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.
He was born in Schleswig-Holstein. In 2008, both he and his Olympic horse, "Feine Dame", were inducted into the International Association of Eventing Hall of Fame. He died of cancer in 2014 at age 71 at Elmshorn.
References
1943 births
2014 deaths
Equestrians
German Olympic bronze medalists
German Olympic silver medalists
Sportspeople from Schleswig-Holstein
Bonnay, Somme

Bonnay is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Jeancourt

Jeancourt is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
PBS Kids Bookworm Bunch

PBS Kids Bookworm Bunch is a three-hour block of children's cartoons on the television channel PBS. The block was usually shown on Saturday or Sunday mornings. The block is produced by Nelvana. It began showing on 30 September 2000. It was last aired on 4 September 2004.
Programs
Timothy Goes to School
Marvin the Tap-Dancing Horse
Seven Little Monsters
George Shrinks
CorduroyElliot Moose
PBS Kids shows
1995 Algarve Cup

The 1995 Algarve Cup was the second edition of the Algarve Cup, a women's association football tournament. It took place between 14 and 19 March 1995 in Portugal. Sweden won the event after they beat Denmark, 1-0, in the final game. Norway came third, they beat the US, 7-5 following penalty shootout, in the third prize-game.
Awards
References
Other websites
1995 Algarve Cup on RSSSF
1995 in association football
March 1995 events
Algarve Cup
Fortuna Sittard

Fortuna Sittard is a Dutch association football team from Sittard, Netherlands. On 1 July 1968, Fortuna 54 and Sittardia came together to form Fortuna Sittard. Fortuna 54 was a successful team that won the KNVB Cup. On the other hand, Sittardia was trying to avoid relegation for most of its history. The Royal Dutch Football Association said it would take away Fortuna Sittard's license to play in the 2010-11 season. After going to court, the decision was taken away.
Honours
KNVB Cup
Winner: 1957, 1964
Runners-up: 1984, 1999
Eerste Divisie
Winner: 1959, 1964, 1966, 1995
Promoted to Eredivisie
Promotion: 1982
Positions
Other websites
Official website
References
1968 establishments in Europe
1960s establishments in the Netherlands
Dutch football clubs
Sittard-Geleen
Cyprus (island)

Cyprus is a Mediterranean island off the coasts of Syria and Turkey. It is the third-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea; Sicily and Sardinia are larger. It is slightly larger than Puerto Rico. Geographically, it is part of Asia and in the Middle East, but for political reasons, it is sometimes counted as being part of Europe. Cyprus was part of the Byzantine Empire for hundreds of years. The Greek god Aphrodite was from Cyprus. There are two states on the island:
The Republic of Cyprus (internationally recognized) is also part of the European Union. Most of the world considers the whole island to be the Republic of Cyprus. Greek is the most spoken language in the Republic of Cyprus.
The Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is the northern part of the island. The only nation that recognizes this entity is Turkey.
These states are separated by a buffer zone, which is controlled by the United Nations. In addition to the two countries, there are Akrotiri and Dhekelia, two territories on the south zone which are under British control, and which are used as military bases.
The island has been Greek for thousands of years of recorded history, many empires have ruled Cyprus. They include Assyria, ancient Egypt Persia, Alexander the Great, the Roman Empire, the Byzantines, Arab caliphates for a short period, France, the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire. Cyprus is often described as an 'unsinkable aircraft carrier' due to its strategic position in the Eastern Mediterranean.
References
Phoenician colonies
Society for American City and Regional Planning History

The Society for American City and Regional Planning History (SACRPH) is an American non-profit organization for the history of urban planning. It was established in 1986 in Ohio, United States. The organization's members includes urban planners, architects, historians, environmentalists, landscape designers, preservationists, students and scholars from across the country and around the world. The organization also publishes books and the Journal of Planning History. It has award ceremonies and gives advice to governments about architecture and urban conservation.
Related pages
International Planning History Society
Other websites
Society for American City and Regional Planning History
History of urban planning
Non-profit organizations of the United States
1986 establishments in the United States
1980s establishments in Ohio
Norman Amadio

Albert Norman Benedict "Norm" Amadio (April 14, 1928 - January 21, 2020) was a Canadian jazz pianist, piano teacher, music coach, composer, arranger, session player, band leader and accompanist.
For a span of fifty years he worked for the CBC as an orchestra leader and musical director. In 1956, he became the first and only Canadian to play at the original Birdland in New York City and while playing opposite Duke Ellington.
References
1928 births
2020 deaths
Canadian pianists
Canadian composers
Canadian educators
Canadian jazz musicians
Cacica

Cacica is a commune in Suceava County, Romania.
Other websites
The Salt Mine from Cacica
Cacica
Clare, Iowa

Clare is a city in Iowa in the United States.
References
Cities in Iowa
U.S. state

In the United States, a state is a political entity. There are currently 50 of them, and they are bound together in a federation. Each has a government and can make laws over a particular area that the state covers. All states have a shared sovereignty with the U.S. federal government. People who were born or naturalized in states are citizens of both the United States and the state they are in.People can move between states without asking or saying so, unless a court has said they can't. Four states call themselves "commonwealths" in their official names. Washington, D.C. is a federal district and not a state nor in a state.
States divide their territory into counties, or something similar with different name, which are not sovereign. Most states give their counties some government authority; a few states give them none. State governments get their power from the people of that state. States have a number of States' rights under the United States Constitution. States and the people that live in them are represented in the United States Congress, in the Senate and the House of Representatives. Each state also selects electors (an equal number to the number of Senators and Representatives from that state) to vote in the Electoral College, which elects the President of the United States. Puerto Rico, a territory of the United States, is considered as a possible 51st state for the future.
States of the United States
The 50 states, in alphabetical order, along with each state's flag:
References
Mike Evans (wide receiver)

Michael Lynn Evans III (born August 21, 1993) is an American football wide receiver for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL). Evans played college football at Texas A&M. He was drafted by the Buccaneers in the first round with the seventh overall pick in the 2014 NFL Draft.
References
Other websites
Tampa Bay Buccaneers bio
Texas A&M Aggies bio
1993 births
Living people
American football wide receivers
Texas A&M Aggies football players
Tampa Bay Buccaneers players
Flower pot

A flower pot is a container in which flowers and other plants are grown. They are traditionally made from terracotta, but are now often also made from plastic, wood or stone. The flower pot is filled with soil and have a plant planted in them. Often there are holes in the bottom, to allow water to flow out, sometimes into a saucer that is placed under the flowerpot. If the plant becomes too big for the pot, it is moved to a bigger one.
Gardening
Containers
Zhangixalus amamiensis

The Amami green tree frog (Zhangixalus amamiensis) is a frog. It lives in Japan. Scientists thought this was a subspecies of Rhacophorus viridis, but they changed their minds.
References
Frogs of Asia
Hagar the Horrible

Hagar the Horrible is the title of a comic strip and the name of the main character. The comic strip is about a Viking and his life of plundering and his family life. It was started in 1973 by Dik Browne. Since Dik's retirement (he stopped working) in 1988, his son Chris has continued the comic.
Comic strips
Comics characters
Pineapple

The pineapple is a fruit. It is native to South America, Central America and the Caribbean. The word "pineapple" came from European explorers, who thought the fruit looked similar to a pine cone. The pineapple is also a tropical plant and it must not be kept under 10 degrees. It takes a long time for the pineapple to grow. It mainly depends on the location and the growing conditions it gets. If the temperature is warm, the pineapple will grow faster. On average, it takes about two to three years to grow. If the fruit travels by boat, the fruit must be picked before ripening, since the trip takes a long time. Sometimes, pineapple has to travel by boat to be accessible to all. It is different for air travel. The pineapple can be picked when it is grown, since travel time is short. In most countries, they call the pineapple ananas.
Nutrition
A pineapple contains fiber and vitamin C. The stem of the pineapple has an enzyme having healing effects, anti-inflammatory effects and it may reduce edema. The enzyme from the pineapple is also beneficial for a person who wants to go on a good diet. Pineapple contains a lot of manganese and the body needs manganese to build strong bones.
Varieties
In the world, there are a lot of varieties of pineapples. In fact, there are more than one hundred varieties and they grow in different sizes too. Four of those are the main varieties:
Sugarloaf pineapple: It usually grows in Mexico and Venezuela. The flesh is white and there is no woodiness.
English Pineapple: It is found in Central America's countries. The yellow of this pineapple is pale and it has the shape of a square.
Queen pineapple: It grows in the Hluhluwe region of South Africa. It is less sweet, the flesh is rich and yellow. The flavor of this variety is mild.
Smooth Cayenne pineapple: This variety comes from Hawaii. It contains high sugar and acid content. The leaves are spineless and they have a cylinder shape.
Symbolism
Early Europeans commonly called any kind of fruit an apple, and that is why the Spanish thought pineapples looked like pine cones. Pineapples have nothing to do with pine cones and apples, but because of the similar shape between the pineapple and the pine cone, most people change it into symbolism. Both have been used for symbolizing fertility. The pineapple symbolized friendship and hospitality to the Caribs. These people usually hung pineapples outside their huts to show their welcome.
References
Poales
Tropical fruit
One Fine Day

One Fine Day is a picture book by Nonny Hogrogian. It was published by Macmillan in 1971. It was awarded the Caldecott Medal for the most distinguished picture book in 1972. The pictures have bright colors to express main character's personality. Also, it is simple story for young children (aged 0-8) to read. The red fox steals an old woman's milk and has his tail cut off. He starts to find his tail again. This is a short and humorous retelling of a favorite American folktale.
Summary
There is a red fox that is very thirsty in the great forest. He wants to drink, so he steals an old woman's milk. She gets upset and cuts off his tail. To get back his tail, he tries to find some milk from a cow. The cow wants grass for him to give milk. He finds a grass but the grass wants some water. Again, he runs to stream to beg some water but the stream asks him to get a jug. Like this pattern, the red fox goes travel to find milk. Finally he meets kind miller and cries. The good miller gives him the grain and he brings it to a hen to get an egg. The egg is given for a peddler to get a bead. After all paying is done, he can get some milk for the old woman so she carefully sews his tail again.
Main character
The main character is the fox that walks around the great forest. He cares about his looks, so he doesn't want to go back to his friends without his tail. He thinks that his friends will laugh at him. Also, he is sensitive. He cries a few times when the old woman gets angry or he meets a kind miller. It can be seen from the illustration, as his eyes always look pitiful to describe these personalities.
Children's books
1971 books
Thomas G. Morris

Thomas Gayle Morris (August 20, 1919 - March 4, 2016) was an American politician. He was born in Eastland County, Texas. Morris served in the New Mexico House of Representatives from 1953 to 1958. He was elected as a Democrat to the United States House of Representatives in 1958. Morris began serving on January 3, 1959, and left office January 3, 1969, after being defeated for re-election.
Morris died in Amarillo, Texas on March 4, 2016 at the age of 96.
References
1919 births
2016 deaths
Politicians from Texas
United States representatives from New Mexico
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
2018 Northern Cyprus parliamentary election

The 2018 Northern Cyprus parliamentary election was held on 7 January 2018. It was held to elect the 50 members of the Assembly of the Republic.
The election was a victory for the National Unity Party and other right-wing parties.
Parties
Republican Turkish Party (CTP): led by Tufan Erhurman. This party supports Cyprus reunification and social democracy.
National Unity Party (UBP): led by Huseyin Ozgurgun. This party is nationalistic and conservative.
Democratic Party (DP): led by Serdar Denktas son of Rauf Denktas. This party is nationalistic and conservative.
Communal Democracy Party (TDP): led by Cemal Ozyigit. This party supports Cyprus reunification and social democracy.
People's Party (HP): led by Kudret Ozersay. This party supports Cyprus reunification and is centrist.
Rebirth Party (YDP): led by Erhan Arikli. This party is nationalistic.
Communal Liberation Party-New Forces (TKP-YG): led by Mehmet Cakici. This party supports Cyprus reunification and social democracy.
The United Cyprus Party (BKP) was in an alliance with the TKP-YG. As such, BKP members ran for Parliament under the TKP-YG name. The New Cyprus Party refused to join the alliance.
Results
References
2018 in Asia
2018 elections
January 2018 events
Northern Cyprus
2010s elections in Asia
Delta Cephei

Delta Cephei (d Cep, d Cephei) is a binary star system about 887 light-years away in the northern constellation of Cepheus, the King. At this distance, the apparent magnitude of the star is reduced by 0.23 as a result of gas and dust along the line of sight.
Delta Cephei, found by John Goodricke in 1784, was only the second Cepheid variable discovered. It is very important because its distance is extremely well known. This is partly because it is in a star cluster,<ref
name=dezeeuw1999>de Zeeuw P.T. et al 1999. A Hipparchus census of the nearby OB associations. Astronomical Journal 117 (1): 354-399. </ref> close enough for the precise Hubble Space Telescope/Hipparcos parallaxes to give a good result. As a result, it is known as a "fundamental distance calibrator", or absolute candle. Delta Cephei is a classical, or type I, Cepheid variable.
The only Cepheid variable closer to us is Polaris, the North Star, whose distance is still not exactly known.
Delta Cephei is emitting around 2,000 times the Sun's luminosity. This is producing a strong stellar wind, which, with the pulsations and shocks in the star's atmosphere, is ejecting mass at the rate of masses per year. This is the equivalent to the mass of the Sun roughly every million years. The matter is flowing outward at a velocity of about 350 km s-1. This expelled gas forms a nebula about one parsec across, centered on Delta Cephei, and contains 0.07-0.21 solar masses of neutral hydrogen. A bow shock is being formed where the stellar wind is colliding with the surrounding interstellar medium.
References
Variable stars
Rhinoceros (song)

"Rhinoceros" is a 1991 song from American band the Smashing Pumpkins and taken from their debut studio album Gish. It wasn't released as a single and instead featured as the leading single from Lull (EP).
Track listing
All songs written by Billy Corgan
References
1991 songs
The Smashing Pumpkins songs
Psychedelic rock songs
Dream pop songs