pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Great Plains wolf

The Great Plains wolf (Canis lupus nubilus) is an extinct subspecies of grey wolf. It is also called the buffalo wolf or loafer. It once lived in the Great Plains. The subspecies was declared extinct in 1926.
Taxonomy
Thomas Say documented the Great Plains wolf in 1823. He was the first person to record "prairie wolves" (coyotes) and Great Plains wolves as different animals. He named it Canis nubilus. Say wrote that the Great Plains wolf was more fierce and powerful than the red wolf or coyote.
Description
The Great Plains wolf once lived in the Great Plains, from southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan to northern Texas.
The Great Plains wolf was described as a large wolf with light-colored fur. However, some of them had fur that was all white or all black. The body length is 1.7 m (5.6 ft). The average weight of a male was 100lb (45 kg). The heaviest one recorded was 150 lb (58kg). The Native Americans of North Dakota told stories about how only three of these wolves could bring down a bison.
There used to be many of these wolves living in the Great Plains. When the American bison was being killed, Great Plains wolves were also being poisoned and trapped for their pelts. Alexander Henry wrote that they were bold around humans, and fed on the dead bodies of bison. He recorded that Native Americans dug up wolf pups from their dens in the prairie. They also dug large pitfalls to capture wolves and foxes. Members of Henry's group dug up wolf pups and found them very tame and easy to train. In 1833, the explorer Maximilian of Wied-Neuwied recorded that these wolves were common in the upper part of Missouri. There, Native Americans had wolf pits and traded wolves to him for tobacco. He thought that the Native American's dogs were more dangerous to humans than the wolves.
In 1856, Lt. G. K. Warren studied Great Plains wolf skulls and found that some of them were not full-blooded wolves. There have been many stories about violent hybrid wolf-dogs. It is possible that the Great Plains wolf's tameness and lack of fear of humans might be because they were mixed with domestic dogs. In North Dakota, by 1875 sightings of the wolf became rare, and by 1877 they were almost all gone. In North Dakota, two were sighted in 1915 by Remington Kellogg. The last known wolf was shot in 1922. The Great Plains wolf was officially declared extinct in 1926.
References
Wolves
Extinct species
Durrani Empire

The Durrani Empire (known as the Afghan Empire) was established in 1747 by Ahmad Shah Durrani at Kandahar, Afghanistan. It included the land that is now called Afghanistan, Pakistan, eastern Iran and western India. The Durrani Empire is considered the foundation of the modern state of Afghanistan, with Ahmad Shah Durrani (Ahmad Shah Baba) being the "Father of the nation".
The Durrani dynasty diminished in the early 19th century when Afghanistan was fighting defensive wars with Persia on one side and British India on the other side. The Barakzai dynasty took over control of the kingdom but lost many of Afghanistan's territories by the end of the 19th century. It became to what is now Afghanistan after the Anglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919 when the state became officially recognized by all the major countries in the world. At first its capital was in Kandahar as that is where the empire started however the capital then shifted to Kabul after its conquest. The empire had two capitals, the main capital Kabul and the winter capital, Peshawar.
Related pages
Hotaki dynasty
Delhi Sultanate
References
History of Afghanistan
History of Pakistan
History of Iran
1747 establishments
1919 disestablishments
18th-century establishments in Iran
Former empires
Former countries in South Asia
Star Trek: First Contact

Star Trek: First Contact is the eighth movie set in the Star Trek universe. It was made in 1996 by Paramount Pictures. The Borg travel back in time to destroy Phoenix, the Earth's first warp ship. Captain Picard and his crew must follow them to save the Earth from assimilation by the Borg.
The movie was very successful at the box office. The movie also got very good reviews from movie critics.
Other websites
1996 science fiction movies
Star Trek movies
Paramount movies
Movies composed by Jerry Goldsmith
Conic section

In geometry, when a cone and a plane intersect, a conic section results.
Preliminary In elementary geometry, cones are assumed to be right circular. Circular means that the base is a circle and right means that the axis passes through the centre of the base at right angles to its plane. Contrasted with right cones are oblique cones, in which the axis does not pass perpendicularly through the centre of the base.
Definition A conic is the curve got by intersecting a plane, called the cutting plane, with a cone. The cone is a right circular cone for easy description, but any double cone with some circular cross-section will do.
There are three different types of sections, the parabola, the hyperbola and the ellipse. The circle is a special case of an ellipse. Sometimes the circle is mentioned as a fourth type, because calculating with a circle is easier than with an ellipse, most of the time.
The conic sections are known at least since 200 BC, when Apollonius of Perga (~262 BC to ~190 BC) studied of their properties. They came to more attention when mathematicians discovered that the solutions of the two-body problem were conic sections.
References
The Mothman Prophecies (movie)

The Mothman Prophecies is a 2002 American supernatural horror movie directed by Mark Pellington. It is based on the 1975 book of the same name by American UFOlogist John Keel. It is about the search of local legend Mothman. It was released on January 25, 2002.
References
2002 movies
2002 horror movies
Movies based on books
Jhangi

Jhangi is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is also known as Jhangi Syedan to the local people. It is to the north of Abbottabad city (the district capital). It includes the northwestern parts of the city, its suburbs, and outlying villages.
Jhangi is at 34deg12'0N 73deg13'60E with a height of 1201 metres (3943 feet). To the south is the city of Abbottabad.
Subdivisions
The Union Councils is administratively subdivided into the following areas:
Banda Amlok
Banda Batang
Banda Falzullah
Banda Khair Khan
Banda Lamba
Banda Noor Ahmed
Banda Qazi
Banda Sher Khan
Bandi Gasan
Dheri
Dobather
Jhangi
Phagwarhan
Other villages are:
Banda Buraj
Banda Jalal Khan
Banda Laman
Boi Di Gali
Laman Mera
References
Union Councils of Abbottabad District
Science fantasy

Science fantasy is a genre that is a combination of the genres fantasy and science fiction.
Fantasy
Nadine Coyle

Nadine Elizabeth Coyle (born 15 June 1985) is an Irish singer, actress, and model. She is a singer of the United Kingdom-based all-female pop music band Girls Aloud.
References
Irish pop singers
Living people
R&B singers
1985 births
Agatharchides

Agatharchides or Agatharchus was a Greek historian and geographer. He lived in the second century BC.
Life
Agatharchides is believed to have been born at Cnidus. He was later a secretary to Heraclides Lembus.
Agatharchides wrote a few words about his own life. At the conclusion of his book On the Erythraean Sea, he apologizes for being unable to complete his work "since our age is unable to similarly bear the toil" and "as a result of the disturbances in Egypt" he could no longer access the official records (a fragment cited by Photius in his Bibliotheca Cod. 250.110, 460b).
Writings
Agatharchides was not well known in ancient times. Of his two major works, Affairs in Asia (Ta kata ten Asian) in ten books, and Affairs in Europe (Ta kata ten Europen) in forty-nine books, only a few fragments survive, too few to provide us with any sense of the contents of either work. However, for his On the Erythraean Sea (Peri tes Erythras Thalasses or De Mari Erythraeo) in five books, almost the entire fifth book, a geographical treatise on the Horn of Africa and the lands around the Red Sea, has survived almost intact. According to Burstein, "the comparative soberness of Agatharchides' treatment compared to previous accounts and the wealth of information contained in it led to a quick recognition . . . [that it was] a valuable summary of the results of Ptolemaic exploration."
In the first book of On the Erythraean Sea was a discussion respecting the origin of the name. In the fifth Agatharchides described the mode of life amongst the Sabaeans in Arabia, and the Ichthyophagi, or fish-eaters, the way in which elephants were caught by the elephant-eaters, and the mode of working the gold mines in the mountains of Egypt, near the Red Sea. His account of the Ichthyophagi and of the mode of working the gold mines, has been copied by Diodorus (iii.12-18). Amongst other extraordinary animals he mentions the camelopard, which was found in the country of the Troglodytae, and the rhinoceros.
An Agatharchides, of Samos, is mentioned by Plutarch, as the author of a work on Persia, and one peri lithon. J.A. Fabricius, however, the true reading is Agathyrsides, not Agatharchides.
Namesake
The crater Agatharchides on the Moon is named in his honour.
References
Further reading
Burstein, Stanley M., translator and editor. Works Issued by the Hakluyt Society: Agatharchides of Cnidus, On the Erythraean Sea. Second series, no. 172. London: Hakluyt Society, 1989.
Other websites
Greek text and latin translation of the On the Erythraean Sea (excerpta) in Karl Muller's Geographi Graeci Minores, Vol.1, Paris, 1855. Internet Archive.
Greek geographers
Indian Ocean
2nd-century BC births
Ancient Greek historians
2nd-century BC deaths
Pritam

Pritam Chakraborty, also known as Pritam, is an Indian composer, instrumentalist, guitarist, and singer. He was born in a Bengali Brahmin family to Anuradha Chakraborty and Prabodh Chakraborty.
He got his first break for Tere Liye (released December 2001). Though the music was well-received, the film missed the mark. In 2002, The Jeet-Pritam duo once again composed music for Yash Raj Films' Mere Yaar Ki Shaadi Hai. Soon after, Jeet decided to end the partnership..
References
Samos City

Samos City is the capital of the Greek island Samos. It is in the northeast of the island. Samos City has about 6,000 people. The old town of Samos city is named Vathy. Vathy is beside Samos and it is jointed with it. It is a traditional small town with traditional houses and narrow paths. Vathy has about 2,000 people.
Cities in Greece
Renault Vel Satis

The Renault Vel Satis was a large automobile created by the French car manufacturer Renault. It has five seats and four doors. It was produced from 2001 to 2009* It was known for its daring styling and was sold in the UK from 2002 to 2005 but was dropped there due to poor sales. Renault also produced another big car with bold styling called the Avantime which was a coupe/grand tourer but it was a poor seller with only 8,557 made between 2001 and 2003.
Vel Satis
Memnon (mythology)

Memnon () was an Aethiopian king and an ally of the Trojans during the Trojan War. He was a demigod, the son of Tithonus and Eos, the goddess of the dawn. As a warrior, he was considered to be almost Achilles' equal in prowess and skill. During the Trojan War, Memnon himself slew Antilochus in the middle of a fierce battle and was himself later killed by Achilles. The death of Memnon appears to echo that of Hector, another defender of Troy whom Achilles had also slain.
People in Greek mythology
Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge

Gonville and Caius College is one of the colleges of the University of Cambridge, England. It is often called Caius (said keys) by the students. It was created in 1348 by Edmund Gonville who gave money to build it. In 1557 John Caius, a doctor, left some more money after studying at the college. The modern name comes from these two people. It now has about 700 students.
Being old, the college has kept many traditions. For example, there is a formal dinner every night. Also, when students go home for holiday they need to get an official permission from a Fellow (teacher) to leave.
Famous members
Some very famous people have studied at this College. Twelve of them have won a Nobel Prize:
1932 Sir Charles Sherrington - neurophysiologist (student and fellow)
1935 Sir James Chadwick - physicist, discovery of the neutron (student, fellow, and master)
1945 Sir Howard Florey - co-discovery of penicillin (fellow)
1954 Max Born - physicist
1962 Francis Crick - discovery of the structure of DNA (PhD student and honorary fellow)
1972 Sir John Hicks - economist (fellow)
1974 Antony Hewish - astronomer (student and fellow)
1976 Milton Friedman - economist (visiting fellow)
1977 Sir Nevill Mott - theoretical physicist (fellow and Master)
1984 Sir Richard Stone - economist
2001 Joseph Stiglitz - economist (fellow)
2008 Roger Tsien - chemist (fellow)
Stephen Hawking is also a Fellow at Gonville and Caius.
Other websites
Official website
Colleges of the University of Cambridge
Hantay

Hantay is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 1,281 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Decomposition

Decomposition, or rotting, is what happens to livng things when they die. It also happens to organic material of any kind, such as foodstuffs. The reason it happens is that organic molecules are stores of building blocks and energy. Whatever breaks down organic material uses the energy and building blocks to reproduce itself.
One whole kingdom of living things does nothing except break down organic material: the fungi. Their life style is called 'saprophytic', because they break down and intake organic matter through their cell walls.
A large part of decomposition is done by microbes, especially bacteria. Also common is digestion of flesh by maggots. If insects lay eggs, maggots hatch and begin to feed on the body's tissues.
Lastly, decomposition can take place by inorganic processes. All organic materials break down over time because they are in higher energy states than ordinary inorganic materials.
Biology
Heredia Province

Heredia is a province of Costa Rica. It is in the north-central part of the country. The provincial capital is the city of Heredia, in the Central Valley near the city of San Jose, Costa Rica, the national capital.
Location
The Heredia province is a landlocked province (it does not border the ocean) and is bordered on the east by the Limon province, on the south by the San Jose province, on the west by the Alajuela province and to the north by Nicaragua
Geography
Heredia is the smallest province of Costa Rica. It has an area of .
The northern part of the province is formed by plains but the southern part is in the Central Valley and the foothills of the Cordillera Central ("Central mountain range"), also known as Volcanic Central mountain range.
The highest mountain in the province is the Barva volcano, high..
The longest river in the province is the Sarapiqui river, long. Other rivers in the province are: Virilla, Chirripo, Rio Sucio, Sardinal, Peje y San Juan.
Demographics
A person from the province is known as herediano (woman: herediana).
The Heredia province had a population, in 2011, of 433,677 for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The canton of Heredia, with 123,616 inhabitants, is the canton with more inhabitants.
Evolution of the population in Heredia
Administrative divisions
The Heredia province is divided in 10 cantons, which are divided into 43 Districts.
Economy
An important economic activity in the province is farming. Important crops in the province are coffee, strawberry, pineapple, plantain, among others.
Gallery
References
Provinces of Costa Rica
Wild at Heart

Wild at Heart is a 1990 American crime thriller movie. It is about a young couple from Cape Fear, North Carolina who go on the run. Nicolas Cage plays Sailor, Laura Dern plays Lula Fortune, Diane Ladd plays Marietta, Isabella Rossellini plays Perdita.
This movie was released on August 17, 1990. It got mostly good reviews by the critics.
Other websites
1990 crime thriller movies
1990s road movies
American crime thriller movies
American road movies
1990s English-language movies
Movies about couples
Movies directed by David Lynch
God Help the Girl (movie)

God Help the Girl is a 2014 British musical drama movie written and directed by Stuart Murdoch. At the Sundance Film Festival it won the World Cinema Dramatic Special Jury Award (Ensemble).
Cast
Emily Browning - Eve
Olly Alexander
Hannah Murray
Pierre Boulanger
2010s musical movies
2014 drama movies
British musical movies
British drama movies
Movies directed by Stuart Murdoch
Federal Council (Austria)

The Federal Council (, ) is the upper house of the Austrian Parliament, representing the nine States of Austria on federal level.
It is part of a bicameral legislature alongside of the National Council. It can be compared with an upper house or a senate. It is less powerful than the National Council.
The Bundesrat has its seat at the Austrian Parliament Building in Vienna. The Parliament Building is where the Federal Council meets in the Hofburg.
References
Government of Austria
Austria
Nijmegen

Nijmegen is a city in Gelderland in the east of the Netherlands. It has about 177,000 inhabitants (2021) and a university, called Radboud University Nijmegen.
References
Cities in the Netherlands
Settlements in Gelderland
Zygomatic bone

The zygomatic bone (cheekbone or malar bone) is a paired facial bone in the upper side of the face. It shows as the prominence of the cheek. The zygomatic bone forms the floor of the eye orbit.
Bones of the skull
Pine Barrens tree frog

The Pine Barrens tree frog, Anderson's hyla, Anderson's tree toad, or Anderson's tree frog (Dryophytes andersonii) is a frog that lives in the North America. It lives in two places: New Jersey and North Carolina. It is named after the Pine Barrens in southern New Jersey.
The adult frog is about 3.8 cm long from nose to rear end. The frog's skin is green with a purple stripe. There is orange color on the frog's legs. There is some webbing on the frog's hind feet but none on the front feet.
References
Frogs of North America
Michael Drosnin

Michael Alan Drosnin (January 31, 1946 - June 9, 2020) was an American journalist and author. He was best known for his writings on the Bible Code. His writings were a set of secret messages written within the Hebrew text of the Torah. Drosnin was born in New York City. He worked as a journalist for The Washington Post (1966-1968) and The Wall Street Journal (1969-1970).
Drosnin died on June 9, 2020 from heart disease in New York City, aged 74.
References
1946 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from heart disease
Journalists from New York City
Thenelles

Thenelles is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Southern Ocean

The Southern Ocean is the ocean around Antarctica. It means the waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans around the continent of Antarctica. Since the 1770s geographers have discussed its limits. Nowadays, sixty degrees south latitude is often accepted. Some people call this ocean the Antarctic Ocean.
The total area is 20,327,000 km2, and the coastline length is 17,968 km.
Other websites
Oceanography Image of the Day, from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
The CIA World Factbook's entry on the Southern Ocean
The Fifth Ocean from Geography.About.com
NOAA In-situ Ocean Data Viewer Plot and download ocean observations
NOAA FAQ about the number of oceans
Geography of Antarctica
Avelesges

Avelesges is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
The commune is 44 km away from Amiens.
Communes in Somme
Lazza

Jacopo Lazzarini (born 22 August 1994), known professionally as Lazza, is an Italian rapper and record producer.
Lazzarini was born in the Calvairate district of Milan. He studied piano at the Giuseppe Verdi Conservatory in Milan. He later joined the Zero2 and Blocco Recordz collectives. In 2009, he took part in the annual Italian hip hop event Tecniche Perfette.
1994 births
Living people
Rappers
Record producers
Musicians from Milan
Montane shrew

The montane shrew (Sorex monticolus) is a type of shrew in the genus Sorex. It is also called the dusky shrew.
Description
Montane shrews are small, long tailed shrews. They can grow up to 103 and 142mm long. It moults two times a year. They are brownish and silvery white or gray in summer.
Distribution and Habitat
The montane shrew can be found from northern Alaska to New Mexico and from the Pacific coast to central Manitoba. They also live in the Rocky Mountains, Blue Mountains, and the Sierra Nevada. They can be found on Vancouver Island and Queen Charlotte Island.
Montane shrews live in a lot of habitats such as tundra, alpine meadows, forests, and prairies. They are usually found in forest floor. They almost never dig a burrow.
Behavior
Montane shrews are live by themselves. They do not hibernate. They almost never sleep or rest. They are always eating.
Feeding
Montane shrews are insectivorous. It eats insects and their larvae, earthworms, spiders, snails, and, rarely eats small salamanders. Montane shrews have been seen eating conifer seeds, lichens, and fungi.
Reproduction
The breeding season may last from February to August. The gestation period is estimated to be about 13 to 28 days. The young ones are born in a small nest made from grass and kept under a rock or fallen tree. They are given birth to blind and naked. At the age of 3 weeks they are weaned. The expected to live up to 12 to 18 months.
References
Sorex
Mammals of North America
Giba

Giba (Giba) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 2,057 people lived there. Its area is 30.44 km2. It is 59 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Shiho Kohata

is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Kohata was born in Hiroshima Prefecture on November 12, 1989. After graduating from Waseda University, she joined Urawa Reds in 2012. She was selected Best Young Player awards in 2012 season. She was also selected Best Eleven in 2014 season. She played 124 matches for the club in Nadeshiko League until 2018 season. She left the club end of 2018 season. In February 2019, she joined AS Harima Albion. She Retired end of 2020 season.
In May 2014, Kohata was selected the Japan national team for 2014 Asian Cup. At this competition, on May 18, she debuted against Jordan. Japan won the championship. She played 2 games for Japan until 2015.
Statistics
References
Other websites
Japan Football Association
1989 births
Living people
Footballers from Hiroshima Prefecture
Japan women's international footballers
Nadeshiko League players
Urawa Red Diamonds Ladies players
2014 AFC Women's Asian Cup players
AFC Women's Asian Cup-winning players
38

38 is a year in the 1st century. It was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Iulianus and Asprenas.
Events
Probable year of the marriage of Claudius and Messalina
Apion represents a group to complain to Caligula about the Jews in Alexandria
Anti-Jewish riot starts in Alexandria during a visit by Agrippa I. The mob wants to place statues of Caligula in every synagogue.
Phaedrus writes his popular collection of fables
Stachys the Apostle becomes the second patriarch of Constantinople
Births
Marcus Valerius Martialis, Latin epigrammatist
Deaths
June 10 - Drusilla, sister of Caligula
Saint Andrew, apostle
Naevius Sutorius Macro, commander of the Roman Praetorian Guard
30s
Elizabeth line

The Elizabeth line is a high-frequency hybrid commuter rail and rapid transit service in London and its suburbs. The service is named after Queen Elizabeth II, who officially opened the line on 17 May 2022 during her Platinum Jubilee year; passenger services started on 24 May 2022.
Under the project name of Crossrail, the system was approved in 2007, and construction began in 2009. Originally planned to open in 2018, the project was repeatedly delayed, including for several months as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Elizabeth line uses a new tube tunnel cut through the North London chalk especially for the NE to SW commuters. That direction was favoured because it was especially difficult to get to Heathrow from the north-west of London. The tunnelling is new, but the line links up with older tube stations en route
Map
References
Railway lines of London
British Rail
Yevgeny Zinichev

Yevgeny Nikolayevich Zinichev (Russian: Evgenii Nikolaevich Zinichev; 18 August 1966 - 8 September 2021) was a Russian politician and military officer. He was the Minister of Emergency Situations from 2018 until his death. He was also a member of the Security Council of Russia. In 2016, he was the acting Governor of Kaliningrad Oblast. He was ranked General of the Army. Zinichev was born in Leningrad, Soviet Union.
Zinichev died on 8 September 2021 in Norilsk, Russia after accidentally falling of a cliff at the age of 55.
References
1966 births
2021 deaths
Politicians from Saint Petersburg
Russian generals
Josh Brolin

Josh James Brolin (born February 12, 1968) is an American movie, television, stage, and voice actor. He is known for his roles in W., No Country for Old Men, Milk, True Grit, and in Men in Black 3.
Early life
Brolin was born on February 12, 1968 in Santa Monica, California to James Brolin and to Jane Cameron Agee. He was raised in Corpus Christi, Texas.
Personal life
Brolin was married to Alice Adair from 1988 until they divorced in 1992. He has been married to Diane Lane since 2004. Brolin has two children from Adair. Lane filed for divorce in February 2013.
References
Other websites
1968 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Corpus Christi, Texas
Actors from Santa Monica, California
Tahult

Tahult is a locality in Harryda Municipality in Vastra Gotaland County in Sweden. In 2010, 585 people lived there.
References
Settlements in Vastra Gotaland County
DB Station&Service

DB Station&Service is a company from Germany, which is managing over 5,400 train station and has its headquarters in Berlin. It is a subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn.
References
Other websites
Rail transport in Germany
1999 establishments in Germany
Transport companies of Germany
Fyffe, Alabama

Fyffe is a town in DeKalb County, Alabama, United States. It was incorporated in 1956. At the 2010 census, the population was 1,018.
References
Towns in Alabama
Lesjöfors

Lesjofors is an urban area in the county of Varmland in Sweden. It is located within the municipality of Filipstad.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Varmland County
Werentzhouse

Werentzhouse is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Communes in Haut-Rhin
Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan

The Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan (TISA), also known as the Afghan Transitional Authority, was the name of a temporary administration of Afghanistan put in place by the loya jirga of June 2002. It succeeded the original Islamic State of Afghanistan and preceded the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (2004-2021).
History of Afghanistan
Mahdavia

Mahdavia ( mahdawi) is a Mahdi'ist movement founded in the 15th century which follows the principles set forth by Syed Jaunpuri. A subsect of Mahdavia, called Zikri, is mostly practised in Pakistan.
References
Islamic denominations
Psittaculidae

The parrot family Psittaculidae consists of five subfamilies, Agapornithinae, Loriinae, Platycercinae, Psittacellinae and Psittaculinae.
This family has been accepted into The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World in 2014, and the IOC World Bird List.
True parrots
Schadenfreude

Schadenfreude comes from the German word by the same name. It literally translates to harm joy. It is the happiness that somebody gets when somebody else is hurt. Psychologists theorize that there are three causes for this emotion. Aggression, rivalry, or justice. Aggression-based schadenfreude happens because seeing someone else's group fail makes them feel better about themselves. Rivalry-based schadenfreude happens because seeing someone else fail makes them feel better about themselves. These may seem similar, but the difference is in that aggression is related to in-group and out-group identities, and rivalry is based on individuals. The last form is justice-based schadenfreude. This happens because people feel happy that someone bad is being punished. They feel good that the bad person is getting what they deserve.
Related pages
Self-esteem
Tall poppy syndrome
Jealousy
Sadism
Revenge
References
Emotions
Chatroulette

Chatroulette is a webcam chatting site founded by Andrei Ternowski in November 2009. Two people are randomly connected. At any time, one of the people can end the chat by pressing F9 on their keyboard. According to Robert J. Moore, the CEO and co-founder of RJMetrics, about 1 in 8 people are either naked or lewd. Many people think children should not use it. Since December 2012, users can only use their webcam if they have had at least 3 conversations that lasted 10 minutes or longer. If a user didn't do that yet, their webcam will display a picture. Also, a person has to register before using it. If someone acts strange or offends another person, you can report him/her by keyboard.
Related pages
Omegle
References
Other websites
Chatroulette.com
Thatroulette.com (list of Chatroulette clones)
Websites
Grey cutthroat eel

The grey cutthroat eel (Synaphobranchus affinis) is a cutthroat eel. It lives a benthic lifestyle, inhabiting the continental margin and global deep waters including near Portugal, the Canary Islands, Morocco, Japan, Australia, and others.
References
Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2011). "Synaphobranchus affinis" in FishBase. June 2011 version.^
Gunther, A. (1877). "LVI.-- Preliminary notes on new fishes collected in Japan during the expedition of H.M.S. 'Challenger'". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 20 (119): 433-446. doi:10.1080/00222937708682260.
Wenner, Charles (1975). "Occurrence Of Elvers Of Synaphobranchus-Affinis On Continental Slope Off North-Carolina". Fishery Bulletin. 73 (3): 687-691.
Sulak, K. J. and Yu. N. Shcherbachev, 1997 [ref. 22986] Zoogeography and systematics of six deep-living genera of synaphobranchid eels, with a key to taxa and description of two new species of Ilyophis. Bulletin of Marine Science v. 60 (no. 3): 1158-1194.
Eels
Prussian blue

Prussian blue, also known as Berlin blue, is a dark blue colour that is artificially made.
It is one of the first pigments made synthetically. It was accidentally found in 1704 by two chemists in Berlin.
The dark blue uniforms of the Prussian army were dyed this colour.
Colour
A colour can be shown by hex triplet is a six-digit, three-byte hexadecimal number used in HTML, CSS, and other computing applications. The hex triplet to represent Prussian blue is 003153.
When using the RGB color model where red, green, and blue light are added together, Prussian blue has the RGB code of 0, 49, 83
Use as a medicine
Prussian blue is a medicine that is sometimes given by doctors to help remove certain radioactive materials from people's bodies. It has been used this way since the 1960s.
Potential use in computer storage
Prussian blue is a chemical compound. One of the chemical elements in this compound is iron.
Researchers have experimented replacing some of the iron atoms in Prussian blue with cobalt. When the Prussian blue compound is lit with a red light at -150 C, the compound shifts from being non-magnetic (off) to magnetic (on). The magnetic shift does not change back except if deliberately reversed (or undone) with heat.
This magnetism is due to the transfer of an electron from the cobalt to the iron, with light providing the energy, while the electron moves back when heat is applied, the researchers said.
This magnetic property means the compound can be used in computer storage. Because the compound can be turned "on" and "off" in a controlled way, it can remember binary information. Binary information is used for computer storage.
This way of using the compound is still being developed.
It is also used as a machinists dye to check wear patterns.
Tones of Prussian blue color comparison chart
Related pages
Indigo
List of colors
Navy blue
References
The World Set Free

The World Set Free is a 1913 science fiction novel by H. G. Wells. It was published in 1914. The book is based on a prediction of a more destructive weapon than the world has yet seen. It had appeared first in serialised form with a different ending as A Prophetic Trilogy. That form was made up of three books: A Trap to Catch the Sun, The Last War in the World and The World Set Free.
The novel tells the story of man' using the (at that time) newly-discovered power of the atom. It tells how this power almost destroys civilisation in a war. In a sense, the book seems to have ended up being a self-fulfilling prophecy. The World Set Free is an example of how science and science fiction can work together and build upon each other.
1914 books
science fiction books
books by H. G. Wells
Rousset, Hautes-Alpes

Rousset is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department.
References
Communes in Hautes-Alpes
Goldbach, Bavaria

Goldbach is a market community in the Aschaffenburg district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany.
Politics
Community council
The council is made up of 24 council members, not counting the mayor.
(as at municipal election held on 2 March 2008)
Town partnerships
Courseulles-sur-Mer, Calvados, France since 1994; the commune lies at Juno Beach.
References
Aschaffenburg (district)
Azle, Texas

Azle is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Cities in Texas
Settlements in Tarrant County, Texas
Hugo Gaston

Hugo Gaston (; born 26 September 2000) is a French tennis player.
The highest ATP singles ranking Gaston achieved was 1335, he achieved it on 27 November 2017.
In December 2017, Gaston won the Orange Bowl International Tennis Championship.
Junior Grand Slam finals
Doubles: 1 title
Other websites
2000 births
Living people
French tennis players
People from Toulouse
Hjorthagens IP

Hjorthagens IP is a sports ground in the town of Stockholm in Sweden. It has been used by Djurgardens IF FF as practice ground. It has also been used by Djurgardens IF Handikappfotbollforening as well as Vartans IK. In the wintertime is has been ice skating.
Three soccer grounds using artificial turfs were opened on 3 October 2012.
References
Stadiums in Sweden
Football stadiums in Sweden
Sport in Stockholm
Buildings and structures in Stockholm
Death Magnetic

Death Magnetic is the ninth studio album by heavy metal band Metallica. The album was released September 12, 2008 with the hits The Day That Never Comes, Cyanide, My Apocalypse, The Unforgiven III, and The Judas Kiss.
Track listing
That Was Just Your Life
The End of the Line
Broken, Beat & Scarred
The Day That Never Comes
All Nightmare Long
Cyanide
The Unforgiven III
The Judas Kiss
Suicide & Redemption
My Apocalypse
Awards
2009 Grammy nominations
Death Magnetic was nominated for four Grammy awards. Rick Rubin won "Producer of the Year, Non-Classical" for his work on Death Magnetic, as well as other albums this past year.
Best Rock Album
Best Metal Performance ("My Apocalypse")
Best Rock Instrumental Performance ("Suicide & Redemption")
Best Recording Package
The album won two Grammys for "Best Metal Performance" and "Best Recording Package" at the 51st Grammy Awards on February 8, 2009.
Chart performance
Album
Singles
Non-singles
References
Rock albums
2008 albums
Grammy Award-winning albums
Heavy metal albums
Metallica albums
Amorpha juglandis

Amorpha juglandis, or the walnut sphinx is a type of moth. It is a part of the genus Amorpha which only has one species (which makes it Monotypic). It is in the family of Sphingidae and was noted by Jacob Hubner in 1809. It was first described by James Edward Smith in 1797.
It is native to North America. It is found from the Atlantic Ocean to the Rocky Mountains in Canada and the United States.
Description
The wingspan is 45-75 mm.
Biology
The adult moth is nocturnal.
The caterpillar feeds on alder (Alnus), hickory (Carya), hazelnut (Corylus), beech (Fagus), walnut (Juglans), and hop-hornbeam (Ostrya) species. The caterpillar can make a high-pitched whistles. It comes from spiracles in its abdomen. This will startle the bird which will probably not eat it because of that.
References
Further reading
Other websites
"Amorpha juglandis (J. E. Smith, 1797)". Sphingidae of the Americas. Archived June 29, 2006.
Smerinthini
Jim Clark

Jim (or Jimmy) Clark OBE (4 March 1936 - 7 April 1968) was a British Formula One racing driver from Scotland.
He was the dominant driver of his era, winning two World Championships, in 1963 and 1965. At the time of his death, he had won more Grand Prix races (25) and achieved more Grand Prix pole positions (33) than any other driver. He also competed in the Indianapolis 500 five times, and won it once, in 1965.
In 2009, The Times placed Clark at the top of a list of the greatest Formula One drivers.
Clark crashed off the Hockenheimring, Baden-Wuerttemberg, West Germany during a race and died of his injuries on the way to hospital.
References
1936 births
1968 deaths
Deaths in sport
British Formula One drivers
Scottish racecar drivers
Sportspeople from Fife
Boeing B-29 Superfortress

The Boeing B-29 Superfortress was a heavy bomber aircraft with four engines used by the United States Army Air Forces in World War II, and by other countries' military after that. The name "Superfortress" came from its famous previous model, the B-17 Flying Fortress.
The B-29 Boeing Model 345 was one of the biggest aircraft to serve during World War II. It was one of the most advanced bombers of its time. It was the most used aircraft in the U.S. bombing against Japan in the final months of World War II, and B-29s carried the atomic bombs that destroyed Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The B-29 stayed in service for a long time after the war ended. By the time it was retired in the 1960s, some 3,900 planes had been built.
The American B-29 Superfortress was one of the most ambitious and expensive projects of WWII, even more expensive than the Manhattan Project. This enormous heavy bomber was equipped with numerous remote-controlled turrets and 4 powerful propellers. This heavy bomber was used in later parts of the war, and was designed to finally supress the Japanese forces.
References
Boeing aircraft
United States Air Force aircraft
World War II American aircraft
Kamrooz Aram

Kamrooz Aram (born 1978 in Shiraz, Iran) is a contemporary artist whose diverse artistic practice engages the complicated relationship between traditional non-Western art and Western Modernism. Through a variety of forms including painting, collage, drawing and installation, Aram has found the potential for image-making to function critically in its use as a tool for a certain renegotiation of history. He lives and works in Brooklyn, New York.
References
Kamrooz Aram official website
American artists
1978 births
Living people
Iranian painters
People from Shiraz
2011 Estonian Census

The 2011 Population and Housing Census (PHC 2011) ( (REL 2011)). was a census that was carried out during 31 December 2011 - 31 March 2012 in Estonia by Statistics Estonia.
The total actual population recorded was 1,294,455 persons.
References
Other websites
Results at Statistics Estonia
Estonia
Censuses
2011
Eusébio Scheid

Eusebio Oscar Scheid, S.C.J. (8 December 1932 - 13 January 2021) was a Brazilian prelate of the Catholic Church. He was Archbishop of Rio de Janeiro from 2001 to 2009. He was born in Luzerna, Brazil.
Scheid was Bishop of Sao Jose dos Campos from 1981 to 1991 and Archbishop of Florianopolis from 1991 to 2001.
Scheid died on 13 January 2021 in Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil from pneumonia caused by COVID-19, aged 88.
References
1932 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
Brazilian cardinals
Brazilian Roman Catholic bishops
Manitoba Moose

The Manitoba Moose are a professional ice hockey team that play in the American Hockey League (AHL). They play in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, at the MTS Centre. They are the farm team of the Winnipeg Jets.
The team originally played as the Manitoba Moose from 1996 until 2011. They were relocated to St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador and became the St. John's IceCaps, which is the AHL farm team of the Winnipeg Jets. The team played in St. John's for four seasons.
In May 2015, it was announced that the team would be returning to Winnipeg and would be once again be called the Manitoba Moose.
References
Other websites
Manitoba Moose Official Site
The Internet Hockey Database - Manitoba Moose (AHL)
The Internet Hockey Database - Manitoba Moose (IHL)
Manitoba Moose on CJOB
1996 establishments in Canada
2011 disestablishments in Canada
2015 establishments in North America
American Hockey League teams
Ice hockey teams in Canada
Sport in Manitoba
2010s establishments in Canada
National Society of Film Critics

The National Society of Film Critics (NSFC) is an organization of film critics. The society gives out annual awards. The awards are very competitive. There are 60 members from newspapers and other media. The society also publishes books and articles.
Annual film award categories
Best Film
Best Director
Best Actor
Best Actress
Best Supporting Actor
Best Supporting Actress
Best Screenplay
Best Cinematography
Best Foreign Language Film
Best Non-Fiction Film
Movie critics
Peter Scolari

Peter Thomas Scolari (September 12, 1955 - October 22, 2021) was an American actor. He was best known for his roles as Michael Harris on Newhart (1984-1990) and Henry Desmond in Bosom Buddies (1980-1982). He also played Billy the Lonely Boy in the 2004 movie The Polar Express.
Scolari won an Emmy Award for his role as Tad Horvath on Girls in 2016.
Scolari died from leukemia on October 22, 2021 in New York City, at age 66. He had the disease for two years.
References
Other websites
1955 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from leukemia
American movie actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
American television actors
Actors from New York City
People from New Rochelle, New York
Emmy Award winning actors
Cancer deaths in New York City
Louisa, Virginia

Louisa, Virginia is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.
Towns in Virginia
County seats in Virginia
Huntingdon Life Sciences

Huntingdon Life Sciences (HLS) are the largest animal testing company in Europe. They were founded in 1951 and are based in Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom. They also have a laboratory in New Jersey, United States. Huntingdon Life Sciences is an international contract research organisation offering a comprehensive range of non-clinical development services. The UK lab carries out medical and product research for many organisations.
Many people feel strongly against HLS. The Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty (SHAC) campaign group are the main opposition group. SHAC were set up in 1999. The opposition to HLS has had many forms. While most animal rights people have used legal means of protest, some people have become extremists and done very bad things. Thus the opposition to HLS has become an example to many people of a good cause gone wrong.
1951 establishments in the United Kingdom
Cambridgeshire
Companies of the United Kingdom
Beach volleyball

Beach volleyball is a team sport, a kind of volleyball. The players have two teams (2 per side) and play on a sand court divided by a net.
Related pages
Volleyball
Volleyball
Team sports
Richard Henyekane

Richard Henyekane (28 September 1983 - 7 April 2015) was a South African football player for Premier Soccer League club Free State Stars on loan from Mamelodi Sundowns.
On 4 March 2012, his team set a remarkable record in the Nedbank Cup when they beat Powerlines FC by 24 goals to nil, with Henyekane scoring five of the goals.
Henyekane made nine official appearances for the South Africa national team. He died in a car accident on 7 April 2015.
References
1983 births
2015 deaths
South African soccer players
Trussville, Alabama

Trussville is a city and suburb of Birmingham in Jefferson and St. Clair Counties in the U.S. state of Alabama. At the 2000 census, the population was 12,924, though the 2006 estimate puts the population at 17,796.
Famous residents
Justin Wood--Winner of I Survived a Japanese Game Show.
Other websites
Cities in Alabama
Sabri Boukadoum

Sabri Boukadoum (; born 1 September 1958) is an Algerian diplomat. He has been the Minister of Foreign Affairs since 31 March 2019. He was acting Prime Minister of Algeria from 19 to 28 December 2019.
References
1958 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Algeria
Kim Clijsters

Kim Clijsters (; born 8 June 1983)is a Belgian retired tennis player. She used to be ranked as the World No. 1. On 22 August 2011 she was ranked third in the world.
References
1983 births
Living people
Belgian Olympians
Female tennis players
World No. 1 tennis players
Belgian tennis players
No Return (1973 movie)

No Return () is a 1973 Soviet drama movie directed by Aleksei Saltykov. It stars Nonna Mordyukova, Vladislav Dvorzhetsky, and Olga Prokhorova.
Actors
Nonna Mordyukova as Antonina Kashirina
Vladislav Dvorzhetsky as Nikolay Yakovlevich Nikitin
Olga Prokhorova as Irina Alekseyevna
Nikolai Yeremenko Jr. as Grigory, Antonina's son
Tatyana Samoylova as Nastyura Shevtsova
Boris Kudryavtsev as Pavel Ivanovich Neverov
Aleksey Batalov as Aleksey Vladimirovich Yegorov
Nina Menshikova as Antonina Ivanovna Korotkova
Vilnis Bekeris as German corporal
Alexey Borzunov as Konstantin Sukharev
References
Other websites
Soviet movies
1973 movies
Soviet drama movies
Rayman (video game)

Rayman is a 2D platform video game developed by Ubisoft for Atari Jaguar, PlayStation, Nintendo 64 and Sega Saturn on 1995, PC (MS-DOS) on 1996, Game Boy Color on 2000, Game Boy Advance on 2001, Nintendo DSi on 2009, Nintendo 3DS for virtual console on 2012, and finally IOS and Android on 2016 with the name of Rayman Classic, on October of 2018 the game appears on the 20 games of Playstation Classic.
Development
The game was created by a french designer called Michel Ancel with the programmer Frederic Houde and the artist Alexandra Steible, the first designs was produced in the 1980's on there teenage.
References
Game Boy Advance games
PlayStation Portable games
Sega Saturn games
Android (operating system) games
Rayman
Georgism

Georgism is a way of thinking about economics and land use. It is based on the ideas of Henry George, an American economist and social philosopher. Georgists believe that people should have equal access to the benefits of land, which is a natural resource. They argue that the value of land comes from the community, and that this value should be shared equally among all members of society.
Georgism proposes a system of taxation that is based on the value of land. This is called a "land value tax" or "single tax". The idea is that people should pay a tax on the value of the land they own, but not on any improvements they make to the land. This would discourage land speculation and encourage the efficient use of land. Georgists believe that this would also promote social justice, by reducing inequality and poverty.
Georgism has been influential in many areas of economics and social policy. It has been used to support environmental conservation, urban planning, and social welfare programs. Georgists have also been involved in political movements, such as the Progressive movement in the United States and the Social Credit movement in Canada.
Critics of Georgism argue that it would be difficult to implement in practice, and that it could lead to unintended consequences, such as a reduction in the supply of land for productive use. They also question the idea that the value of land is created solely by the community, and suggest that individuals also play a role in creating value.
Despite its critics, Georgism remains an important idea in economics and social policy. It continues to be studied and debated by scholars and policymakers around the world, as they search for ways to create a more just and equitable society.
Economics
Political movements