pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Cho Jung-hyun

Cho Jung-hyun (; 12 November 1969 - 10 July 2022) was a South Korean footballer who played as forward. From 1992 to 1996, he played for the South Korea national football team four times.
Cho died on 10 July 2022 from pancreatic cancer in Seoul, South Korea at the age of 52.
References
1969 births
2022 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
South Korean footballers
TAME

TAME (TAME EP Linea Aerea del Ecuador), is the flag carrier and the largest airline of Ecuador. They are based in Quito, Pichincha. Its main hub is Mariscal Sucre International Airport in Quito.
References
Airlines of South America
Organizations based in Ecuador
John Kline

John Paul Kline, Jr. (born September 6, 1947) is an American politician. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from from 2003 to 2017. A member of the Republican Party, Kline was the Chairman of the House Committee on Education and the Workforce.
Other websites
Congressman John Kline official U.S. House site
John Kline for Congress
Profile at SourceWatch
Campaign 2006: John Kline profile from Minnesota Public Radio
1947 births
Living people
United States representatives from Minnesota
Politicians from Allentown, Pennsylvania
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Mohammed Al-Mfarah

Mohammed Al-Mfarah, also known as Abu Samah () (May 20, 1945 - January 23, 2018), was a Saudi Arabian actor, playwright, director and producer. He was born in Al-Zilfi, Saudi Arabia. He worked at the ministry of health and submitted his resignation in 1975.
Al-Mfarah was known for his movie roles in Al-Saknat Fe Klobna (), Secretary in the House, Ahtarq Al-Samah (), and Abo Samah Fe Fanaq Al-Samrine (). He also appeared in the plays Al-Mohsan () and Bokor Wa kolampor ().
Al-Mfarah died in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia on January 23, 2018 of laryngeal cancer at the age of 72.
References
Other websites
Riyadh newspaper
1945 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from laryngeal cancer
Saudi Arabian people
Civil servants
Movie actors
Television actors
Stage actors
Movie directors
Movie producers
Playwrights
Shōdoshima

Shodoshima or is an island in the Inland Sea of Japan. The name means "Island of Small Beans". There are two towns on the island: Tonosho and Shodoshima. It is also known for growing olives, and is sometimes called "Olive Island".
References
Islands of Japan
Kagawa Prefecture
Hans van Baalen

Johannes Cornelis "Hans" van Baalen (17 June 1960 - 29 April 2021) was a Dutch politician. He was a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). He was a Member of the European Parliament and Leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy in the European Parliament from 2009 until 2019. He also was President of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party from 21 November 2015 until his death.
Van Baalen died of cancer on 29 April 2021 at a Rotterdam hospital, aged 60.
References
1960 births
2021 deaths
Cancer deaths in the Netherlands
Colonels
Dutch military people
Members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
MEPs for the Netherlands
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy politicians
Politicians from Rotterdam
Patrice de MacMahon

Patrice de MacMahon, 6th Marquess of MacMahon, 1st Duke of Magenta (; born Marie Edme Patrice Maurice; 13 June 1808 - 17 October 1893), was a French general and politician. He was Chief of State of France from 1873 to 1875 and as President of France, from 1875 to 1879.
References
1808 births
1893 deaths
Presidents of France
Dolby Surround 7.1

Dolby Surround 7.1 is a sound system by Dolby Laboratories. It produces theatrical 7.1 surround sound in cinemas. It adds two new channels to current Dolby Digital 5.1. The first movie to feature Dolby Surround 7.1 was Toy Story 3 (2010) by Disney and Pixar. There are 4,500 locations worldwide as of March 2013.
2010
2011
2012
2013
Upcoming
References
Other websites
Dolby 7.1 webpage
Movies Released Presented in 7.1
Audio technology
Western civilization

Western civilization, western culture or the West is made up of European culturally derived societies (most notably in the Classical Roman heritage, Western Christianity (Catholicism and Protestantism), Democracy and Liberalism). This at least includes Western and Central Europe, English speaking North America, Australia and New Zealand. The identities of places such as Latin America, South Africa, Israel, the Philippines and Singapore are disputed due to those countries being a blend of both western and non western cultures. Despite also being geographically located in Europe, Eastern Europe is generally not seen as part of the Western world for geopolitical and cultural reasons.
Until the 17th century, Western civilization was also called Christendom meaning the area where the Christian religion is in the majority (a view held by historian Arnold Toynbee). By this definition, most parts of Africa would now also be part of Western civilization since many Africans have been converted to Christianity since the 1950s.
Westernization is the transformation of a non western culture to Western standards, with historical examples being the Romanization of "barbarian" Europe in the classical period, the Hispanization of South America, Central America and the Philippines in the 1500s, the Anglicization of North America and Australia in the 1700s, the Francization of North and West Africa in the 1800s and the current Americanization of many first world nations such as Singapore and Israel through Hollywood, pop music, and American popular culture.
There are many supporters of westernization, and many who oppose it it expanding at the expense of local cultures.
Related pages
Western world
Western Europe
References
Society
Culture
Petra Zais

Petra Zais (22 March 1957 - 7 October 2021) was a German politician.
Zais was a member of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany from 1977 to 1990. She was a member Stadtrat of Chemnitz from 1992 to 1999. She rejoined the Stadtrat in 2009. In 2001, she unsuccessfully ran for mayor of Chemnitz. In 2009 and 2013, she unsuccessfully ran for a seat in the Bundestag.
In 2014, she was elected to the Landtag of Saxony for the Greens. She left office in 2019.
Petra Zais died on 7 October 2021 at the age of 64.
References
1957 births
2021 deaths
German politicians
Daniel Passarella

Daniel Alberto Passarella (born 25 May 1953) is an Argentine former professional footballer who played as a centre back, and former manager of the Argentina and Uruguay national football teams. He was captain of the Argentina team that won the 1978 World Cup. He was president of the River Plate sports club for four years after winning the elections by a very close margin in December 2009.
Career statistics
Club
International
Scores and results list Argentina's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Passarella goal.
Honours
Player
River Plate
Prtimera Division (6): 1975 Metropolitano, 1975 Nacional, 1977 Metropolitano, 1979 Metropolitano, 1979 Nacional, 1980 Metropolitano, 1981 Nacional
Argentina
FIFA World Cup: 1978, 1986
Individual
Footballer of the Year of Argentina: 1976
FIFA World Cup All-Star Team: 1978
FIFA 100: 2004
Golden Foot Legends Award: 2015
AFA Team of All Time (published 2015)
World Soccer: The 100 Greatest Footballers of All Time
Fiorentina All-time XI
IFFHS All-time Men's B Dream Team: 2021
IFFHS South America Men's Team of All Time: 2021
Manager
River Plate
Primera Division: 1989-90, Apertura 1991, Apertura 1993
Monterrey
Mexican Primera Division: Clausura 2003
Individual
South American Coach of the Year: 1997
References
Other websites
!colspan="3" style="background:#C1D8FF;"| World Cup-winners status
|-
Biography at Planetworldcup.com
IFFHS Top Division Goal Scorers of all time among defensive players
Comprehensive season stats at RSSSF
Profile and Statistics at Futbolistasblogspotcom.blogspot.com
1953 births
Living people
People from Buenos Aires Province
Argentine footballers
Argentine football managers
1978 FIFA World Cup players
1982 FIFA World Cup players
1986 FIFA World Cup players
Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Olympic medalists in football
Club Atletico River Plate managers
Luigi Di Bartolomeo

Luigi Di Bartolomeo (7 January 1943 - 18 February 2022) was an Italian politician. He was a member of Christian Democracy and then Forza Italia. Di Bartolomeo was born in Campobasso, Italy. He was President of Molise from 1992 until 1993. He later was a Senator from 2006 until 2008. Di Bartolomeo was Mayor of Campobasso from 2009 until 2014.
Di Bartolomeo died on 18 February 2022 in Campobasso at the age of 79.
References
1943 births
2022 deaths
Italian politicians
Seewoosagur Ramgoolam

Seewoosagur Ramgoolam (September 18, 1900 - December 15, 1985; often referred to as Chacha Ramgoolam) was a Mauritian politician, statesman and philanthropist. He was the country's first Chief Minister, Prime Minister of Mauritius, and Governor-General.
References
1900 births
1985 deaths
Prime Ministers of Mauritius
Building code

A building code is a set of rules set to govern a a building's design, construction, testing, inspections, and maintenance to protect public health, safety and welfare. Building codes are adopted and enforced by the government, who may inspect buildings to make sure they follow the rules.
A building code may provide rules for many different things and is influenced by materials manufacturers, firefighters, and building officials. The building may need to follow rules about providing parking or affecting traffic. There will be rules about making the building safe during disasters, such as fires, earthquakes, and tornadoes.
The rules used on a specific building may be very different depending on where the building is and what it is used for. For example, a house will have extra rules about making sure people can live there, while a hotel will have extra rules about fire exits. Many public buildings have a "maximum occupancy" for some rooms, which is how many people may be allowed into that room at once.
Building codes can also be accompanied by zoning ordinances that dictate style, building use, etc.
Earthquakes
Any building code has either some minimum requirements for seismic loads (prescriptive code) or some seismic performance rules (performance-based code).
Seismic design is based on procedures meant to protect structures that may experience earthquake impact. However, a design which blindly follows seismic code rules does not guarantee safety against collapse or serious damage.
Related pages
Building Code Reference Library
References
Architecture
Earthquake engineering
Tsutomu Yamazaki (politician)

Tsutomu Yamazaki (8 May 1947 - 2 June 2021) was a Japanese politician. He was a member of the House of Councillors from 1995 until 2007 and again from 2010 until 2017. Yamazaki was born in Aomori, Japan.
Yamazaki died of COVID-19 at a hospital in Aomori on 2 June 2021, aged 74.
References
1947 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan
Japanese politicians
La Walck

La Walck is a former commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Val-de-Moder.
References
Former communes in Bas-Rhin
Great Zimbabwe

Great Zimbabwe is a ruined city in the south-eastern hills of Zimbabwe. The site is not far from the country's border with Mozambique, which is in the southeast of the African continent.
Greater Zimbabwe was the capital of the Kingdom of Zimbabwe during the country's later Iron Age. The monument first began to be built in the 11th century, and work continued until the 14th century. It covered an area of 722 hectares (1,780 acres) which might have housed up to 18,000 people. It was a royal city for the Zimbabwean monarch. One of its most prominent features were its walls, some of which were over five metres high and which were constructed without mortar. Eventually the city was abandoned and fell into ruin.
The Kingdom of Zimbabwe included the River Zambezi in the north, the Transvaal in the south and Botswana in the east. The people who lived at Great Zimbabwe controlled trade between the coast and inland Africa. The modern country of Zimbabwe is named after it.
Archaeologists have found goods from as far as China that were used by the people. This shows they bought and sold things over great distances. The city had stopped growing when traders from Portugal came to southern Africa 500 years ago, but nobody is sure why this happened. Europeans at first thought that Great Zimbabwe had been built by foreigners. Now we know it was built by the local people. People who have studied the site have learned much about old Africa.
The earliest known written mention of the ruins was in 1531 by Vicente Pegado, Captain of the Portuguese garrison of Sofala, who recorded it as Symbaoe. The first visits by Europeans were in the late 19th century, with investigations of the site starting in 1871.
References
History of Zimbabwe
Cities in Zimbabwe
World Heritage Sites in Africa
Prehistoric Africa
11th-century establishments in Africa
15th-century disestablishments
Josep Maria Forn

Josep Maria Forn i Costa (; April 4, 1928 - October 3, 2021) was a Spanish actor and movie director. He was born in Barcelona. He was a critic of the Francisco Franco dictatorship. In 1975, he became the founder and president of Institut de Cinema Catala. He won the Creu de Sant Jordi Award by the Catalan Government in 2001.
Forn died on October 3, 2021 in Barcelona at the age of 93.
References
Other websites
1928 births
2021 deaths
Spanish movie directors
Spanish movie producers
Spanish movie actors
People from Barcelona
Sucre

Sucre is the capital city of Bolivia. It was also known as Charcas, La Plata, and Chuquisaca in the past. About 250,000 people lived there in 2006. Sucre lies at an altitude of and is the sixth largest city in Bolivia. The city is named after Antonio Jose de Sucre, an 18th century revolutionary leader.
National capitals in South America
Settlements in Bolivia
Walter Ormeño

Jose Francisco Walter Ormeno Arango (3 December 1926 - 4 January 2020) was a Peruvian footballer. He played as a goalkeeper.
Ormeno was born in Lima. He played at club level for Universitario de Deportes, Huracan de Medellin, Mariscal Sucre, Boca Juniors, Rosario Central, Alianza Lima, America and Atlante. Ormeno also played for the Peruvian national team between 1949 and 1957. He played for his country at the 1949 South American Championship.
After retiring as a player, Ormeno worked for a number of clubs in Mexico. He died on 4 January 2020 in Mexico City. He was 93.
References
1926 births
2020 deaths
Association football goalkeepers
Footballers from Lima
Dado Coletti

Dado Coletti, real name Riccardo Broccoletti (born 27 August 1974, in Rome), is an Italian movie actor, voice actor and radio and television host.
Filmography
Cinema
I laureati, regia di Leonardo Pieraccioni (1995)
Intollerance, cortometraggio, regia di Paul Fenech (1996)
Una notte normale, cortometraggio, regia di Elisabetta Villaggio (1997)
South Kensington, regia di Carlo Vanzina (2001)
La mia vita a stelle e strisce, regia di Massimo Ceccherini (2003)
La brutta copia, directed by Massimo Ceccherini (2004)
Television
Morte di una ragazza perbene, regia di Luigi Perelli - film TV (1999)
7 vite, serie TV, episodio 2x02 (2009)
Buongiorno, mamma!, regia di Giulio Manfredonia - miniserie TV, episodio 1x06 (2021)
Television
Disney Club (Rai 1, 1991-1993, 1995-1999)
Telethon 1991-1992 (Rai 1, 1991)
Big! (Rai 1, 1993-1994)
Telethon 1993-1994 (Rai 1, 1993)
Uno per tutti (Rai 1, 1993-1994)
Astronave Terra (Rai 1, 1995)
Disneytime (Rai 1, 1995-1997)
GNU (Rai 3, 1999)
Glu Glu (RaiSat Ragazzi, 2000-2001)
Call Game (LA7, 2000-2001)
Nientepopodimenoche (Rai 1, 2001)
Scommettiamo che...? (Rai 1, 2001)
Sereno variabile (Rai 2, 2002-2004)
Estate sul 2 (Rai 2, 2004)
Telethon 2006 2006 (Rai 1 e Rai 2, 2006)
Sabato, domenica & la TV che fa bene alla salute (Rai 1, 2005)
Festa italiana (Rai 1, 2009-2010)
Radio
Radio host on Rai Isoradio.
Dubbing
Movies
Constantin Alexandrov in OSS 117: Cairo, Nest of Spies
TV series
Mark Proksch in What We Do in the Shadows
Ferry Ollinger in SOKO - Mysteries in the mountains
Video Games
Stellaris (Max)
Awards
Telegatto for Disney Club Rai Uno (1992)
References
Other websites
1974 births
Living people
Actors from Rome
Italian television actors
Italian television presenters
Italian radio personalities
Italian movie actors
Italian voice actors
Bastanès

Bastanes is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
References
Communes in Pyrenees-Atlantiques
Still, Bas-Rhin

Still is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Communes in Bas-Rhin
Jessie Reyez

Jessie Reyez (born June 12, 1991) is a Canadian singer and songwriter. Her single "Figures" (2016) peaked at number 58 on the Canadian Hot 100 in 2017. It was certified triple Platinum by Music Canada and Platinum by the RIAA.
Her first EP, Kiddo (2017), won Breakthrough Artist at the 2018 Juno Awards. Her second EP, Being Human in Public (2018), won R&B/Soul Recording of The Year at the 2019 Juno Awards and was nominated for Best Urban Contemporary Album at the 2020 Grammy Awards. Reyez again won the R&B/Soul Recording of the Year, for "Feel it Too" with Tory Lanez and Tainy, at the 2020 Juno Awards, where she was also nominated for Artist of the Year.
Her first album, Before Love Came to Kill Us, was released on March 27, 2020. The album peaked at number 13 on the US Billboard 200.
Reyez has written songs for Calvin Harris, Kehlani, Dua Lipa and Normani. She has also worked with Eminem.
References
Other websites
1991 births
Living people
21st-century Canadian singers
Canadian singer-songwriters
Canadian pop singers
Canadian R&B singers
Singers from Toronto
Morning in America

"Morning in America" is the common name of a political campaign television commercial. The ad was part of the 1984 U.S. presidential campaign of Republican Party candidate Ronald Reagan. It was narrated by Hal Riney.
It shows a montage of pictures of Americans going to work and a calm, optimistic narration that suggested the improvements to the U.S. economy since his 1980. The term was used many times during Reagan's presidency.
Ronald Reagan
Political slogans
Hiltenfingen

Hiltenfingen () is a municipality in the district of Augsburg in Bavaria in Germany. It is part of the administrative region of Swabia and of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft of Langerringen.
It is located on the river Wertach, about 30 km south of Augsburg and one kilometer southwest of Schwabmunchen.
References
Augsburg (district)
Craniata

Craniata (sometimes Craniota) is a proposed clade of chordate animals that contains the vertebrates (subphylum Vertebrata) and Myxini (hagfish) as living representatives. Craniata includes all animals with a skull, or cranium, as the name suggests.
These two taxa lack proper vertebrae, which are characteristic for vertebrates according to the new interpretation, whereas traditionally--and confusingly--they were not (Hickman et al., 2007).
Chordates
Barbara Bates

Barbara Bates (August 6, 1925 - March 18, 1969) was an American actress. She acted mostly in movies. She played Phoebe in the 1950 movie All about Eve and acted in many other movies in her career. She was born in Denver, Colorado. She killed herself with carbon monoxide poisoning, also in Denver. She was age 43.
Other websites
American movie actors
Actors from Denver
Deaths from carbon monoxide poisoning
1925 births
1969 deaths
Suicides by gas
Juan Carlos Masnik

Juan Carlos Masnik (2 March 1943 - 23 February 2021) was an Uruguayan football player and manager. He represented his country at the 1974 FIFA World Cup in Germany. He played for the national team from 1967 to 1974 making 33 appearances. Masnik was born in Soriano, Uruguay.
Masnik died on 23 February 2021 in Montevideo, aged 77.
References
1943 births
2021 deaths
Uruguayan footballers
Uruguayan football managers
Thiembronne

Thiembronne is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Icelandair

Icelandair is the national flag carrier of Iceland. They currently fly to 37 North American and European destinations with Boeing 757 or Boeing 767 aircraft.
Their main hub is at Keflavik International Airport in Reykjavik.
Fleet
As of December 2016, Icelandair used an all-Boeing fleet. It was made up of the following aircraft:
References
Airlines of Europe
Transport in Iceland
Degerfors Municipality

Degerfors Municipality () is a municipality in Orebro County in central Sweden. The seat is in Degerfors.
References
Other websites
Degerfors Municipality
Municipalities of Orebro County
Kim Hwang-sik

Kim Hwang-sik (; ; born 9 August 1948) is a South Korean lawyer and politician. He is the Prime Minister of South Korea. Before he became Prime Minister, he was Chairperson of the Board of Audit and Inspection. He was born in Jangseong, studied law at Marburg University (Germany) and graduated from Seoul National University.
1948 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of South Korea
London Wall

The London Wall was the defensive wall built by the Romans around Londinium. Londinium was then, as now, the most important port town on the River Thames.
London Wall is now the name of a road in the City of London. It runs along part of the course of the old wall. Until the later Middle Ages, the wall defined the boundaries of the City of London.
City of London
Roman buildings and structures
2nd-century buildings and structures
LG Optimus 2X

The LG Optimus 2X is a smartphone made by LG Electronics. The Optimus 2X is the world's first smartphone with a dual-core processor. The smartphone holds the Guinness World Record for this.
References
LG mobile phones
Mauro Santambrogio

Mauro Santambrogio (born 7 October 1984 in Erba) is an former Italian professional road racing cyclist. He last rode for UCI Continental team .
Career
Before 2009, Santambrogio rode for . After the 2009 season he changed to . In 2010, he was mentioned in the Mantova doping investigation. Later, he was sidelined for a few days by his team. He was again sidelined in 2011 when new evidence showed up.
He made an excellent start to the season. He finished in 6th position overall in Tour de San Luis, 7th overall in Tirreno-Adriatico and winning the GP Industria & Artigianato di Larciano in pouring rain. He was clear of the group with Patrik Sinkewitz, when crashed at a right turn with to go. Later, Santambrogio belted out his way to victory. Santambrogio then finished 2nd overall in Giro del Trentino. At the Giro d'Italia, Santambrogio won Stage 14 after attacking with race leader Vincenzo Nibali. However, Santambrogio's form collapsed and he eventually finished 9th overall.
On 22 October 2014, Santambrogio tested positive for testosterone. He was suspended for three years. Santambrogio said he would not seek to return once his suspension has been served.
Career achievements
Major results
2004
2nd Tour du lac Leman
5th Stausee-Rundfahrt Klingnau
8th GP della Costa Etruschi
2005
1st Giro del Lago Maggiore (GP Knorr)
3rd Road race, Mediterranean Games
3rd Giro del Mendrisiotto
5th Memorial Cimurri
7th Coppa Sabatini
7th Coppa Placci
2009
1st Overall Tre Valli Varesine
2nd Coppa Ugo Agostoni
8th Overall Tour Down Under
2010
2nd Coppa Agostoni
5th GP Ouest-France
8th Giro di Lombardia
2011
2nd Giro della Toscana
2012
4th Giro di Lombardia
6th Clasica de San Sebastian
6th Gran Piemonte
2013
1st GP Industria & Artigianato di Larciano
2nd Overall Giro del Trentino
3rd Trofeo Laigueglia
5th Gran Premio Citta di Camaiore
6th Overall Tour de San Luis
7th Overall Tirreno-Adriatico
Grand Tour general classification results timeline
References
Other websites
Mauro Santambrogio at Cycling Archives
Page on CyclingBase.com
Doping cases in cycling
Living people
1984 births
Italian cyclists
Continental divide

A continental divide is a line of raised ground that creates a border between two watersheds. Water falling on one side of the line travels to one ocean, and water on the other side travels to another, perhaps on the other side of the continent.
Because the exact border between bodies of water is usually not very easy to see, the continental divide is not always clear. The International Hydrographic Organization's publication Limits of Oceans and Seas describes the exact boundaries of oceans, but it is not recognized around the world. A complication is that some rivers empty into deserts or inland seas, and so do not end up in the ocean.
Landforms
Campo, Vallemaggia

Campo is a municipality of the district of Vallemaggia in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Ticino
American Indoor Soccer League

The American Indoor Soccer League or AISL originally considered itself a minor indoor soccer league. In the 2005-06 season, they recognized themselves as a major soccer league.
2003 establishments in the United States
Soccer leagues in the United States
French New Wave

The New Wave () is a French art movie movement that began in the late 1950s. The movement was known for not following normal filmmaking methods. During this era, many movies experimented on editing, visual style, and storytelling. The New Wave is often seen as one of the most important movements in the history of cinema.
References
Movie industry
1950s in Europe
Fly

A fly (plural: flies) is an insect of the order Diptera. The Diptera is a large order of advanced flying insects.
Their most obvious difference from other insects is in their flight. A normal fly has two flight wings on its thorax and a pair of halteres. The halteres, which evolved from the hind wings, act as flight sensors: they are balance organs. Also flies have large eyes with excellent wide-angle vision.
With the help of their eyes and halteres, flies are exceptional fliers. They can avoid most predators, and are among the hardest insects to capture by hand. Their jinks, dives and turns to avoid their predators is their main adaptation. "These flies do a precise and fast calculation to avoid a specific threat and they are doing it using a brain that is as small as a grain of salt".... "And they can fly like an ace at birth. It's like putting a newborn baby in the cockpit of a fighter aircraft and it knowing what to do".
The only other order of insects bearing two true, working wings plus any form of halteres are the Strepsiptera, a small order of insects. In contrast to the flies, the Strepsiptera evolved their halteres from their front wings and their flight wings are their rear wings.
The presence of a single pair of wings distinguishes true flies from other insects with "fly" in their name, such as mayflies, dragonflies, damselflies, stoneflies, whiteflies, fireflies, sawflies, caddisflies, butterflies or scorpionflies.
Some true flies have become secondarily wingless, including some that live in social insect colonies.
Life cycle
Flies are also holometabolous, with complete metamorphosis. This means their eggs turn into grubs, which eat voratious. Then they turn into pupae. Their bodies change while they are in the pupa.
Kinds of flies
There are an estimated 1,000,000 species, although only about 150,000 species have been described.
There are many different kinds of flies. Scientists have named 125,000 kinds (species).
Houseflies are grey or black and can be found wherever people are.
Horse flies and deer flies can bite people and animals.
Fruit flies can be found near fruit that is too ripe.
Hoverflies look like small wasps, but they have no sting.
Some flies do not have the word fly in their name, so people may not know they are flies.
Mosquitoes are flies that bite people and can carry diseases, such as malaria.
Midges are small flies, a bit like like mosquitoes, but not all midges bite.
Gnats are small flies that sometimes are in big groups called swarms.
Some insects have the word fly in their names, but they are not flies at all.
Fireflies are a kind of beetle that can make light.
Dragonflies and damselflies are from the order Odonata and are not flies.
References
Basic English 850 words
Flies
Tacking (sailing)

Tacking or coming about is a term in sailing that means the boat is changing directions by turning the bow of the vessel in relationship to the wind. It also means the course you are on relative to the direction of the oncoming wind. A tack with the wind blowing over the port (left) side of the boat is called a "port tack". A tack with the wind coming over the starboard side of the boat is called a "starboard tack". The sailboat's helmsman is responsible for communicating with the rest of the crew when making a tacking maneuver. When making a tack the helmsman calls out "ready about!" When the crew is ready they call out "ready", and the maneuver is started. The opposite of a tack (into the wind) is a jibe (changing direction while moving with the wind).
Tacking maneuver
In order to tack a boat moving into the wind, some speed is necessary. If too much time is taken in completing the tack, the forward momentum will be lost and the boat may move backwards. If a sailboat is caught going directly into the wind, it is called "in irons." This stops all forward motion of the boat. A tacking maneuver is a basic skill that is learned with practice. The maneuver also is different in a single person small sailboat than in a 40 or 50 foot racing sailboat.
Beating
Beating is the procedure by which a ship moves on a zig-zag course to make progress directly into the wind (upwind). No sailing vessel can move directly into the wind (though that may be the desired direction). Beating allows the vessel to advance indirectly upwind.
A ship that is beating will sail as "close to the wind" as possible. This position is known as close hauled. In general, the closest angle to the wind that a ship can sail is around 35 to 45 degrees. Some modern yachts can sail very near to the wind, while older ships, especially square-rigged ships, cannot sail very close to the wind.
See also
Wing on wing
References
Other websites
How to Sail a Boat : Coming About or Tacking; YouTube
Sailing
Robert Innes

Robert Thorburn Ayton Innes FRSE FRAS (born 10 November 1861, died 13 March 1933) was a Scottish astronomer. He is best known for discovering Proxima Centauri in 1915, and many binary stars. He was also the first astronomer to have seen the Great January Comet of 1910, on 12 January. He was the founding director of a meteorological observatory in Johannesburg, which was later converted to an astronomical observatory and renamed to Union Observatory. He was the first Union Astronomer. Innes House, designed by Herbert Baker, built as his residence at the observatory, today houses the South African Institute of Electrical Engineers.
British astronomers
1861 births
1933 deaths
Saint-Fraimbault-de-Prières

Saint-Fraimbault-de-Prieres is a commune of 904 people (1999). It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Mayenne
Donneloye

Donneloye is a municipality of the district of Jura-Nord vaudois in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 11 March 2007, the community decided to merge their municipality with those of the neighbouring Gossens and Mezery-pres-Donneloye municipalities, with effect from 1 January 2008. On 1 January 2012, the former municipality of Prahins merged into Donneloye.
References
Other websites
Official Homepage of Donneloye
Donneloye Castle photos and article
Municipalities of Vaud
Super Mario Strikers

Mario Smash Football (called Super Mario Strikers in North America) is a 2005 football video game made by Next Level Games and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo GameCube game console. A sequel was made on the Wii called Mario Strikers Charged Football.
Other websites
2005 video games
Nintendo GameCube games
Mario sports games
Nintendo GameCube-only games
Sports video games
Mario video games
Jim Ryun

James Ronald "Jim" Ryun (born April 29, 1947) is an American politician and Olympic track and field athlete. He won a silver medal in the 1500 m at the 1968 Summer Olympics. Ryun later was in the United States House of Representatives from 1996 to 2007, representing Kansas' 2nd congressional district for the Republican Party.
References
Other websites
National Track & Field Hall of Fame entry
Kansas Sports Hall of Fame entry
1947 births
Living people
United States representatives from Kansas
American Olympic silver medalists
Sportspeople from Wichita, Kansas
Politicians from Wichita, Kansas
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Kim Foxx

Kimberly M. Foxx (nee Anderson; born April 1972) is an American politician and lawyer. She is the State's Attorney for Cook County, Illinois since 2016.
She manages the nation's second largest prosecutor's office. She won the Democratic nomination for the position on in March 2016, and won the general election in November.
She is the second African American, after Cecil A. Partee, to hold this position.
References
1972 births
Living people
Lawyers from Chicago
Politicians from Chicago
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
African American politicians
Syndicalism

Syndicalism, a socio-political movement that originated in France during the late 19th century, aims to transfer the ownership and control of the means of production and distribution to workers' unions. This influential movement, strongly influenced by the ideas of Pierre-Joseph Proudhon and the French social philosopher Georges Sorel, gained significant traction between 1900 and 1914, a time when the working class was seeking empowerment and fair treatment. Syndicalism found support not only in France but also in countries like Italy, Spain, and the United States, where workers were also fighting for their rights. It brought together trade unions, which became the driving force behind the movement, and advocated for worker control and self-management. Syndicalism represented a radical departure from traditional labor movements, emphasizing direct action and the overthrow of existing capitalist systems that exploited workers. It sought to create a society where workers held the power and decisions were made collectively within their unions, envisioning a more equitable and just future for the working class.
References
Political movements
Louise Bourgeois

Louise Josephine Bourgeois (25 December 1911 - 31 May 2010) was a French-American artist. She was best-known for her installation art and large-scale sculptures. She was also a painter and printmaker.
Bourgeois explored many themes over her career, including domesticity, family, sexuality and death.
Bourgeois was born in Paris, France.
Honors and awards
1977: Honorary doctorate from Yale University
1981: Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
1990: Elected into National Academy of Design
1990: Edward MacDowell Medal, MacDowell Colony, Peterborough, NH.
1991: Lifetime Achievement in Contemporary Sculpture Award (Hamilton, New Jersey, USA)
1997: National Medal of Arts
1999: Praemium Imperiale for lifetime achievement
1999: Golden Lion at the Venice Biennale
2003: Wolf Foundation Prize in the Arts (Jerusalem)
2005: Austrian Decoration for Science and Art
2008: National Order of the Legion of Honour
2009: "Commandeur" of the pataphysical Ordre de la Grande Gidouille.
2009: Honored by the National Women's Hall of Fame
References
American painters
1911 births
2010 deaths
Attock Tehsil

Attock Tehsil () is one of the six tehsils (subdivisions) of Attock District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is between 33o38' and 34o0' N. and 72o7' and 72o50' E, with an area of . The Indus bounds it on the northwest, dividing it from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, while the Haro flows through from east to west. The northwest corner is occupied by the fertile Chach plain. South of this is a dry sandy plain, beyond which rises the Kala-Chitta range. The eastern half consists of the tract known as the Nala, which includes, along with a number of low hills and much broken country, a considerable area of fairly good level land, portions of which are irrigated from wells and by cuts from the Haro and other smaller streams.
Tehsils of Punjab (Pakistan)
Sallertaine

Sallertaine is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France.
Communes in Vendee
Hyèvre-Paroisse

Hyevre-Paroisse is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
Panora, Iowa

Panora is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
James W. Symington

James Wadsworth Symington (; born September 28, 1927) is an American attorney and politician. He served as four-term member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1969 to 1977, representing Missouri for the Democratic Party. His father was United States senator Stuart Symington. He was born in Rochester, New York.
References
Other websites
James W. Symington Papers (1964-1976) at the Western Historical Manuscript Collection, University of Missouri-St. Louis
1927 births
Living people
People from Rochester, New York
Politicians from New York (state)
United States representatives from Missouri
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
V sign

The V sign is a hand gesture that means victory or peace. It is made by raising the first and second fingers on the hand, and putting down the other fingers.
Peace
Symbols
Non-verbal communication
Pat Fenlon

Pat Fenlon (born 15 March 1969) is an Irish football manager who is currently managing Bohemians F.C..
His first job as a manager was at Shelbourne where he won the league in 2003, 2004 and 2006. In that time they also made history by managing the first Irish club to reach the third qualifying round of the Champions League, where they were knocked out by Deportivo de La Coruna from Spain. He left Shelbourne at the end of 2006.
He was made the Derry City manager at the end of 2006 but left halfway through the 2007 season after making a poor start with his new club.
He was made manager of Bohemians in early 2008 and so far has won back-to-back titles, an FAI Cup and a League Cup. He has stated that his desire is to get Bohemians into the Champions League group stages in 2010.
1969 births
Living people
Irish footballers
Irish football managers
Sportspeople from Dublin
Suzy Bogguss

Susan Kay "Suzy" Bogguss (b. December 30, 1956 in Illinois), is an American country and folk singer and musician. She was extremely popular in the 1980s and 1990s. During that time she had one platinum record, three gold records and six top ten songs. She last appeared on Billboard Hot Country Singles Chart around 2001. She has continued to record albums and songs in the country and rock areas.
At the 1992 Country Music Association Awards, Bogguss won the Horizon Award.
References
Other websites
American folk musicians
singers from Illinois
Country musicians from Illinois
Living people
1956 births
Paul Williams (songwriter)

Paul Hamilton Williams (born September 19, 1940 in Omaha, Nebraska) is an American musician, songwriter and actor.
As a boy, Williams auditioned for a role in a television series, Circus Boy, which went to another boy, young Micky Dolenz. Ten years later, Williams auditioned for The Monkees, and was again beaten out for a role by Dolenz. There were no hard feelings between the two, and the Monkees later recorded "Someday Man", which Williams cowrote with Roger Nichols.
Williams's songs include hits for Three Dog Night ("An Old Fashioned Love Song", "Family of Man", "Out in the Country"), Helen Reddy ("You and Me Against the World"), and the Carpenters ("Rainy Days and Mondays," "I Won't Last a Day Without You," and "We've Only Just Begun"). He wrote many songs with Kenneth Ascher, including "The Rainbow Connection", featured in The Muppet Movie.
His acting credits include roles in Battle for the Planet of the Apes, Phantom of the Paradise (a retelling of Phantom of the Opera; Williams also wrote the music), Little Enos Burdette in Smokey and the Bandit, and Miguelito Loveless Jr. in The Wild Wild West Revisited.
He is also known for voicing The Penguin in Batman: The Animated Series.
In 2013, Paul Williams was revealed to be working with French electronic duo Daft Punk on their album Random Access Memories singing the song "Touch" and co-wrote "Beyond".
Other websites
1940 births
Living people
Actors from Omaha, Nebraska
American folk musicians
American movie actors
American pop singers
American rock musicians
American songwriters
American television actors
Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters
Musicians from Omaha, Nebraska
Singers from Omaha, Nebraska
Saint-Didier-la-Forêt

Saint-Didier-la-Foret is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
Walter Jacobson

Walter David Jacobson (born July 28, 1937) is an American, historian, and television personality. He is the anchor of WBBM-TV news at 6:00 pm. He was the anchor of WFLD news until his retirement in 2006.
Jacobson was born in Chicago, Illinois on July 28, 1937. He attended New Trier High School and Grinnell College. He got a B.A. degree. He went to Columbia University in New York to receive his J.D. degree. He was married to Lynn Straus from 1960 until they divorced in the 1970s. They had two children including actor Peter Jacobson. He was married to Diane Dybsky from 1980 until they divorced. They had two children. He has been married to Susan Jacobson since 1995.
He currently lives in Chicago, Illinois. On June 18, 2008 Jacobson was arrested for DUI driving near his Chicago home. He pleaded guilty and received supervision. On November 2002 he slipped on a pumpkin in his house and broke several ribs.
References
Other websites
Mugshot photo
1937 births
Living people
American television news anchors
Television personalities from Chicago
American historians
Journalists from Chicago
Kalmar FF

Kalmar FF is an association football club in the town of Kalmar in Sweden. The club won the Swedish cup in 1981 and 1987. In 2008, the club won Allsvenskan, becoming Swedish national champions.
Other websites
Official website
Swedish football clubs
1910 establishments in Sweden
Franz Welser-Möst

Franz Welser-Most (born Linz, 16 August 1960) is an Austrian conductor. He is the conductor (music director) of the Cleveland Orchestra.
Life
Franz Leopold Maria Most was born in Linz, Austria. He learned to play the violin, but after being injured in a car accident he changed to conducting.
In 1985 he changed his stage-name to "Welser-Most" after the town of Wels where he grew up. He soon started to be invited to conduct major orchestras. He appeared at the Salzburg Festival in 1985, then conducted the London Philharmonic Orchestra in 1986 and, from 1989 he appeared a lot in the United States. He conducted the Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra, Atlanta Symphony Orchestra, Boston Symphony Orchestra, New York Philharmonic and Chicago Symphony Orchestra. In 1990, Welser-Most became main (principal) conductor of the London Philharmonic Orchestra. He received a lot of criticism and left the LPO in 1996.
In 1995 he went to the Zurich Opera House where he conducted many operas including complete cycles of Wagner's Ring Cycle. He left the Zurich post in 2008.
Since 2002 Welser-Most has been conductor of the Cleveland Orchestra.
In 2007, the Austrian government made him musical director (Generalmusikdirektor) of the Vienna State Opera beginning in September 2010.
He has made many recordings.
Other websites
Franz Welser-Most biography at The Cleveland Orchestra
1960 births
Living people
Austrian conductors
People from Linz
Mount Baker

Mount Baker, also known as Koma Kulshan or Kulshan, is an active volcano in the Pacific Northwest. It is located in Washington in the United States.
The volcano's height is .
References
Volcanoes of Washington (state)
Cardiff, Alabama

Cardiff is a town in the U.S. state of Alabama.
Towns in Alabama
List of Armenian monarchs and presidents

This list is a list of Armenian monarchs
Antiquity
Medieval
Non-independent rulers of Armenia
The rulers of Armenia under the Sasanians (as province, known as the Persarmenia), Rashidun, Umayyad and Abbasid (as autonomous, known as the Arminiya) caliphates.
Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia
The Bagratid Armenia was an independent Armenian state established by Ashot I Bagratuni of the Bagratuni dynasty in the early 880s following nearly two centuries of foreign domination of Greater Armenia under Arab Umayyad and Abbasid rule.
Variorous Armenian kingdoms
Kingdom of Kars (962/3-1064)
Mushegh (962/3-984) son of Abas I of Armenia
Abas I (984-1029)
Gagik-Abas II (1029-1064) he claimed the position of king of all Armenia following the collapse of the main Bagratid kingdom in 1045.
The kingdom centered on now northeastern Turkey (Kars Province) and northwestern Armenia.
Kingdom of Vaspurakan (908-1021)
Gagik I Ardsruni (908-943)
Derenik-Ashot Adrsruni (943-958)
Abusahl-Hamazasp (958-968)
Ashot-Sahak (969/972-991)
Gurgen-Khachik (991-1003)
Seneqerim-Hovhannes (1003-1021)
The kingdom centered on Lake Van, located in what is now eastern Turkey (in Van Province) and partially northwestern Iran.
Kingdom of Syunik (970-1170)
Smbat II (970-998)
Vasak VI (998-1019)
Smbat III (1019-1044)
Grigor I (1044-1084)
Senekerim Sevadian (1084-1094)
Grigor II (1094-1166)
Hasan of Gerakar (1166-1170) son-in-law of Grigor II
The kingdom centered in Syunik province of now Armenia.
Kingdom of Lori (982-1145)
Gurgen I (982-989)
David I (989-1046/1048)
Gurgen II (1046/1048-1081/1089)
David II and Abas (1089-1145)
The kingdom was located on the territories of modern-day northern Armenia, partially northwestern Azerbaijan and southern Georgia.
In addition, five Armenian meliks ruled the mountainous Karabakh from the 14th to the 19th centuries.
Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
The Armenian Kingdom (starting of an principality) of Cilicia was an Armenian state formed during the High Middle Ages by Armenian refugees fleeing the Turcoman invasion of the Armenia. Located outside the Armenian Highlands and distinct from the Kingdom of Armenia of antiquity or medieval.
Turcoman kings of Armenia
In the decades following the Battle of Manzikert, one of the Turcoman vassal dynasties of the Seljuk Turks gained control of the city of Ahlat in the former Armenian heartland. These Turcoman emirs took the used title of Shah-i Armen (ie. "King of the Armenians").
Qara Qoyunlu
The title Shah-i Armen was temporarily revived in the 15th century under the rule of the Turcoman Qara Qoyunlu during the rule of Qara Iskandar.
Iskandar sought to cultivate the Armenian population, especially the feudal lords and clergy. To reinforce this policy, he took the title "Shah-i Armen," King of the Armenians.
References
Sources
Armenia
Frenkie de Jong

Frenkie de Jong (born 12 May 1997) is a Dutch football player. He plays as a central midfielder for Barcelona and the Netherlands national team.
References
1997 births
Living people
Dutch footballers
Association football midfielders
Sportspeople from South Holland
FC Barcelona players
2022 FIFA World Cup players
Hintlesham

Hintlesham is a village and civil parish on the A1071 road in Babergh, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 564 people living in Hintlesham.
References
Civil parishes in Suffolk
Villages in Suffolk
Settlements in Babergh
Neal E. Boyd

Neal Evans Boyd (November 18, 1975 - June 10, 2018) was an American pop opera singer and television contestant. He was best known as being the winner of the third season of America's Got Talent. He was born in Missouri.
Boyd signed to Decca Records and released his debut album, My American Dream, on June 23, 2009, the day of the fourth season premiere of America's Got Talent. It debuted at #195 on the Billboard 200 and #3 on the Top Classical Albums Chart.
Boyd was a Republican. He ran for a seat in the Missouri House of Representatives in 2012 and in 2014, but lost in the election.
Boyd died at the age of 42 on June 10, 2018, of heart and kidney failure in Sikeston, Missouri.
References
Other websites
Neal E. Boyd's official website
Neal E. Boyd's political website
NBC Show Profile
1975 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Deaths from renal failure
Disease-related deaths in Missouri
Republicans (United States)
American pop singers
American television personalities
Singers from Missouri