Global 200

The Global 200 is the list of ecoregions identified by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) as priorities for conservation. According to the WWF, an ecoregion is defined as a "relatively large unit of land or water containing a characteristic set of natural communities that share a large majority of their species, dynamics, and environmental conditions (Dinerstein et al. 1995, TNC 1997)."
The WWF assigns a conservation status to each ecoregion in the Global 200: critical or endangered; vulnerable; and relatively stable or intact. Over half of the ecoregions in the Global 200 are rated endangered.
Global 200: Terrestrial
Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests
Afrotropic
Guinean moist forests
Congolian coastal forests
Cameroon Highlands forests
Northeastern Congolian lowland forests
Central Congolian lowland forests
Western Congolian moist forests
Albertine Rift montane forests
East African Coastal Forests
Eastern African montane forests
Madagascar lowlands and subhumid forests
Seychelles and Mascarene Islands moist forests
Australasia
Sulawesi moist forests
Moluccas moist forests
Southern New Guinea lowland forests
New Guinea montane forests
Solomons-Vanuatu-Bismarck moist forests
Queensland tropical rain forests
New Caledonia moist forests
Lord Howe-Norfolk Islands forests
Indomalaya
South Western Ghats montane rain forests and moist deciduous forests
Sri Lanka moist forests
Northern Indochina Subtropical moist forests
Southeast China-Hainan moist forests
Taiwan montane forests
Annamite Range moist forests
Sumatran Islands lowland and montane forests
Philippines moist forests
Palawan moist forests
Kayah-Karen/Tenasserim moist forests
Peninsular Malaysian lowland and montane forests
Borneo lowland and montane forests
Nansei Shoto Archipelago forests
Eastern Deccan Plateau moist forests
Naga-Manipuri-Chin hills moist forests
Cardamom Mountains moist forests
Western Java montane forests
Neotropic
Greater Antillean moist forests
Talamancan-Isthmian Pacific forests
Choco-Darien moist forests
Northern Andean montane forests
Coastal Venezuela montane forests
Guianan moist forests
Napo moist forests
Rio Negro-Jurua moist forests
Guayana Highlands moist forests
Central Andean yungas
Southwestern Amazonian moist forests
Atlantic forests
Oceania
South Pacific Islands forests
Hawaii moist forests
Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests
Afrotropic
Madagascar dry deciduous forests
Australasia
Nusa Tenggara dry forests
New Caledonia dry forests
Indomalaya
Indochina dry forests
Chhota-Nagpur dry forests
Neotropic
Mexican dry forests
Tumbesian-Andean valleys dry forests
Chiquitano dry forests
Atlantic dry forests
Oceania
Hawaii dry forests
Tropical and subtropical coniferous forests
Nearctic
Sierra Madre Oriental and Occidental pine-oak forests
Neotropic
Greater Antillean pine forests
Mesoamerican pine-oak forests
Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests
Australasia
Eastern Australia temperate forests
Tasmanian temperate rain forests
New Zealand temperate forests
Indomalaya
Eastern Himalayan broadleaf and conifer forests
Western Himalayan temperate forests
Nearctic
Appalachian and mixed mesophytic forests
Palearctic
Southwest China temperate forests
Russian Far East temperate forests
Temperate coniferous forests
Nearctic
Pacific temperate rain forests
Klamath-Siskiyou forests
Sierra Nevada forests
Southeastern coniferous and broadleaf forests
Neotropic
Valdivian temperate rain forests-Juan Fernandez Islands
Palearctic
European-Mediterranean montane mixed forests
Caucasus-Anatolian-Hycanian temperate forests
Altai-Sayan montane forests
Hengduan Shan coniferous forests
Boreal forests/taiga
Nearctic
Muskwa-Slave Lake boreal forests
Canadian taiga
Palearctic
Ural Mountains taiga
East Siberian taiga;
Kamchatka taiga and grasslands
Tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Afrotropic
Horn of Africa acacia savannas
East African acacia savannas
Central and Eastern miombo woodlands
Sudanian savannas
Australasia
Northern Australia and Trans-Fly savannas
Indomalaya
Terai-Duar savannas and grasslands
Neotropic
Llanos savannas
Cerrado woodlands and savannas
Temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands
Nearctic
Northern prairie
Neotropic
Patagonian steppe
Palearctic
Daurian steppe
Flooded grasslands and savannas
Afrotropic
Sudd-Sahelian flooded grasslands and savannas
Zambezian flooded savannas
Indomalaya
Rann of Kutch flooded grasslands
Neotropic
Everglades flooded grasslands
Pantanal flooded savannas
Montane grasslands and shrublands
Afrotropic
Ethiopian Highlands
Southern Rift montane woodlands
East African moorlands
Drakenberg montane shrublands and woodlands
Australasia
Central Range subalpine grasslands
Indomalaya
Kinabalu montane shrublands
Neotropic
Northern Andean paramo
Central Andean dry puna
Palearctic
Tibetan Plateau steppe
Middle Asian montane steppe and woodlands
Eastern Himalayan alpine meadows
Tundra
Nearctic
Alaskan North Slope coastal tundra
Canadian low arctic tundra
Palearctic
Fenno-Scandia alpine tundra and taiga
Taimyr and Russian coastal tundra
Chukote coastal tundra
Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and shrub
Afrotropic
Fynbos
Australasia
Southwestern Australia forests and scrub
Southern Australia mallee and woodlands
Nearctic
California chaparral and woodlands
Neotropic
Chilean Matorral
Palearctic
Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and shrub
Deserts and xeric shrublands
Afrotropic
Namib-Karoo-kaokoveld deserts
Madagascar spiny thicket
Socotra Island desert
Arabian Highland woodlands and shrublands
Australasia
Carnavon xeric scrub
Great Sandy-Tanami deserts
Nearctic
Sonoran-Baja deserts
Chihuahuan-Tehuacan deserts
Neotropic
Galapagos Islands scrub
Atacama-Sechura deserts
Palearctic
Central Asian deserts
Mangroves
Afrotropic
Gulf of Guinea mangroves
East African mangroves
Madagascar mangroves
Australasia
New Guinea mangroves
Indomalaya
Sundarbans mangroves
Greater Sundas mangroves
Neotropic
Guianan-Amazon mangroves
Panama Bight mangroves
Global 200: Freshwater ecoregions
Large rivers
Afrotropic
Congo River and flooded forests (Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo)
Indomalaya
Mekong River (Cambodia, China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam)
Nearctic
Colorado River (Mexico, United States)
Lower Mississippi River (United States)
Neotropic
Amazon River and flooded forests (Brazil, Colombia, Peru)
Orinoco River and flooded forests (Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela)
Palearctic
Yangtze River and lakes (China)
Large river headwaters
Afrotropic
Congo basin piedmont rivers and streams (Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, Gabon, Republic of Congo, Sudan)
Nearctic
Mississippi piedmont rivers and streams (United States)
Neotropic
Upper Amazon rivers and streams (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana (France), Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela)
Upper Parana rivers and streams (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay)
Brazilian Shield Amazonian rivers and streams (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay)
Large river deltas
Afrotropic
Niger River delta (Nigeria)
Indomalaya
Indus River Delta (India, Pakistan)
Palearctic
Volga River Delta (Kazakhstan, Russia)
Mesopotamian delta and marshes (Iran, Iraq, Kuwait)
Danube River delta (Bulgaria, Moldova, Romania, Ukraine, Yugoslavia)
Lena River delta (Russia)
Small rivers
Afrotropic
Upper Guinea rivers and streams (Cote d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone)
Madagascar freshwater (Madagascar)
Gulf of Guinea rivers and streams (Angola, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria, Republic of Congo)
Cape rivers and streams (South Africa)
Australasia
New Guinea rivers and streams (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea)
New Caledonia rivers and streams (New Caledonia)
Kimberley rivers and streams (Australia)
Southwest Australia rivers and streams (Australia)
Eastern Australia rivers and streams (Australia)
Indomalaya
Xi Jiang rivers and streams (China, Vietnam)
Western Ghats Rivers and Streams (India)
Southwestern Sri Lanka rivers and streams (Sri Lanka)
Salween River (China, Myanmar, Thailand)
Sundaland rivers and swamps (Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore)
Nearctic
Southeastern rivers and streams (United States)
Pacific Northwest coastal rivers and streams (United States)
Gulf of Alaska coastal rivers and streams (Canada, United States)
Neotropic
Guianan freshwater (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela)
Greater Antillean freshwater (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico)
Palearctic
Balkan rivers and streams (Albania, Bosnia and Herzogovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Macedonia, Turkey, Yugoslavia)
Russian Far East rivers and wetlands (China, Mongolia, Russia)
Large lakes
Afrotropic
Rift Valley lakes (Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia)
Neotropic
High Andean lakes (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Peru)
Palearctic
Lake Baikal (Russia)
Lake Biwa (Japan)
Small lakes
Afrotropic
Cameroon crater lakes (Cameroon)
Australasia
Lakes Kutubu and Sentani (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea)
Central Sulawesi lakes (Indonesia)
Indomalaya
Philippines freshwater (Philippines)
Inle Lake (Myanmar)
Yunnan lakes and streams (China)
Neotropic
Mexican highland lakes (Mexico)
Xeric basins
Australasia
Central Australian freshwater (Australia)
Nearctic
Chihuahuan freshwater (Mexico, United States)
Palearctic
Anatolian freshwater (Syria, Turkey)
Global 200 Marine ecoregions
Polar
Antarctic Ocean
Antarctic Peninsula & Weddell Sea
Arctic Ocean
Bering Sea (Canada, Russia, United States)
Barents-Kara Sea (Norway, Russia)
Temperate shelfs and seas
Mediterranean
Mediterranean Sea (Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Monaco, Morocco, Serbia & Montenegro, Slovenia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey)
North Temperate Atlantic
Northeast Atlantic Shelf Marine (Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, United Kingdom)
Grand Banks (Canada, St. Pierre and Miquelon (France), United States)
Chesapeake Bay (United States)
North Temperate Indo-Pacific
Yellow Sea (China, North Korea, South Korea)
Sea of Okhotsk (Japan, Russia)
Southern Ocean
Patagonian Southwest Atlantic (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Uruguay)
Southern Australian Marine (Australia)
New Zealand Marine (New Zealand)
Temperate upwelling
North Temperate Indo-Pacific
California Current (Canada, Mexico, United States)
South Temperate Atlantic
Benguela Current (Namibia, South Africa)
South Temperate Indo-Pacific
Humboldt Current (Chile, Ecuador, Peru)
Agulhas Current (Mozambique, South Africa)
Tropical upwelling
Central Indo-Pacific
Western Australian Marine (Australia)
Eastern Indo-Pacific
Panama Bight (Colombia, Ecuador, Panama)
Gulf of California (Mexico)
Galapagos Marine (Ecuador)
Eastern Tropical Atlantic
Canary Current (Canary Islands, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mauritania, Morocco, Senegal, Western Sahara)
Tropical coral
Central Indo-Pacific
Nansei Shoto (Japan)
Sulu-Sulawesi Seas (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines)
Bismarck-Solomon Seas (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands)
Banda-Flores Sea (Indonesia)
New Caledonia Barrier Reef (New Caledonia)
Great Barrier Reef (Australia)
Lord Howe-Norfolk Islands Marine (Australia)
Palau Marine (Palau)
Andaman Sea (Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India), Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand)
Eastern Indo-Pacific
Tahitian Marine (Cook Islands, French Polynesia)
Hawaiian Marine (Hawaii)
Rapa Nui (Easter Island)
Fiji Barrier Reef (Fiji)
Western Indo-Pacific
Maldives, Chagos, and Lakshadweep atolls (Chagos Archipelago (United Kingdom), India, Maldives, Sri Lanka)
Red Sea (Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Yemen)
Arabian Sea (Djibouti, Iran, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen)
East African Marine (Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Tanzania)
West Madagascar Marine (Comoros, Madagascar, Mayotte and Iles Glorieuses (France), Seychelles)
Western Tropical Atlantic
Mesoamerican Reef (Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico)
Greater Antillean Marine (Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States)
Southern Caribbean Sea (Aruba, Columbia, Netherlands Antilles, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela)
Northeast Brazil Shelf Marine (Brazil)
Related pages
Biodiversity
Other websites
Map of the Global 200
Conservation status map of the global 200
List of the Global 200
Ecozones