pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Ciao

The word "ciao" is a greeting in Italian. It is used for both "hello" and "goodbye". It is less formal than other greetings in Italian, such as buongiorno or salve.
The word originally comes from the Venetian language. It is also sometimes used by English speakers and speakers of other languages around the world. Other words that mean both "hello" and "goodbye" are shalom in Hebrew, salaam in Arabic, annyeong in Korean, and aloha in Hawaiian. In Vietnamese, the word chao also means "hello" or "goodbye". It sounds similar, but is not related to the Italian word.
Italian language
Shams-ud-din Iltutmish

Shams-ud-din Iltutmish (died 1236) was the third Muslim sultan of the Delhi Sultanate who reigned from 1211 till his death in 1236. He was the third ruler of the Mamluk dynasty (or Slave dynasty). He was married to the daughter of Qutb-ud-din Aibak. He became the ruler after fighting against Qutb-ud-din's son. He is said to be the greatest ruler of the slave kings. He was a member of the Ilebar tribe. The first thing he did after becoming a sultan was make his kingdom larger. He also shifted his capital from Lahore to Delhi. He had to defend his empire against Mongol invasions. He also had to deal with Rajputs and conquered Rajasthan and Gujarat. He started a fast process of Islamization in Punjab and Haryana. Iltutmish stopped the Mongol attack in 1221 A.D led by Chenghiz Khan. He completed the Qutb Minar which was started by Qutb-ud-din Aibak. He also built the Quwat-ul-Islam mosque in Delhi.He died in 1236 A.D. He did not think his sons would be good rulers. He was succeeded by his daughter, Razia Sultan (also called Radiyya or Raziyya), as the next ruler of Delhi.
References
12th-century births
1236 deaths
Mamluk dynasty (Delhi)
Tuscania

Tuscania is a town and comune in the province of Viterbo, Lazio Region, Italy.
References
Towns in Italy
Settlements in Lazio
Get Weird

Get Weird is the third studio album by British girl group Little Mix. It was released on 6 November 2015, through Syco Music and Columbia Records. The album is a departure from the urban sound of the group's previous album Salute (2013), and features a more dance-pop, synth-pop and R&B sound to it.
Critical reception
Get Weird received generally positive reviews from music critics.
Track listing
Notes
signifies an additional producer.
"A.D.I.D.A.S." contains elements from "Hold On, We're Going Home" by Drake.
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Decade-end charts
Certifications
}}}
Release history
References
2015 albums
Dance-pop albums
Synth-pop
R&B albums
Vucherens

Vucherens is a municipality in the district Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Vaud
Michael Eavis

Michael Eavis CBE (born Athelstan Joseph Michael Eavis; 17 October 1935) is an English dairy farmer. He is the founder of the Glastonbury Festival, which takes place at his farm in Pilton, Somerset.
References
Other websites
Glastonbury Festival of Contemporary Performing Arts
Interview with Michael Eavis (July 2005)
1935 births
Living people
English businesspeople
People from Somerset
Theophilus of Antioch

Theophilus was a Patriarch of Antioch. () He succeeded Eros c. 169, and was succeeded by Maximus I c. 183. These dates are only approximations. His death probably occurred between 183 and 185.
References
Christian saints
Kreuztal

Kreuztal is a town in the Siegen-Wittgenstein district, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. As of 2012, 30,827 people live there.
History
The first documents about the area go back to 1067. The town began to develop in 1861 after the Ruhr-Sieg railroad was made, making Kreuztal a railroad hub at that time. The town of Kreuztal was made on 1 January 1969.
Other websites
Towns in North Rhine-Westphalia
Siegen-Wittgenstein Rural District
Leif Mills

Leif Anthony Mills (25 March 1936 - 17 December 2020) was a British trade unionist and politician. He was General-Secretary of the Banking, Insurance and Finance Union from 1972 to 1996. In 1995, he was President of the Trades Union Congress.
He unsuccessfully ran for the Labour Party in Salisbury at the 1964 general election.
Mills died on 17 December 2020 from vascular dementia at the age of 84.
References
1936 births
2020 deaths
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Deaths from vascular dementia
Labour Party (UK) people
British trade unionists
Elspeth Howe

Elspeth Howe, Baroness Howe of Idlicote, (born Elspeth Rosamund Morton Shand; 8 February 1932 - 22 March 2022) was a British life peer. She was the widow of Geoffrey Howe. She was known as Lady Howe of Aberavon before receiving a peerage in her own right.
She was a half-aunt to Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall.
Elspeth Howe served as deputy chairman of the Equal Opportunities Commission from 1975 to 1979, and in various other capacities from 1980. She was later made Chair of the Broadcasting Standards Commission. In the 1999 New Year's Honours she was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE).
Howe retired from Parliament on 2 June 2020.
Howe died on 22 March 2022 from cancer, aged 90.
References
Other websites
1932 births
2022 deaths
Cancer deaths in the United Kingdom
Members of the House of Lords
Gross indecency

Gross indecency is a legal term used in some English-speaking countries. It was first used to criminalize sexual acts between men, in 1855. Oscar Wilde was charged with gross indecency, in 1895. Alan Turing also pleaded guilty to the charge of gross indecency. If two men either have oral or anal sex, this is called sodomy. It is punished differently, in places where it is a crime.
Sex crimes
Air traffic control

Air traffic control (ATC) is a service provided by ground-based controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and in the air. The main job of ATC is to separate aircraft to prevent crashes and to make sure aircraft are running on time and as fast as possible. In some countries, ATC may also play a security or defense role (as in the United States), or actually be run entirely by the military (as in Brazil). Air traffic control was first introduced at London's Croydon Airport in 1921. Archie League, who controlled aircraft using colored flags at what is today Lambert-St. Louis International Airport, is often considered the first air traffic controller.
Preventing crashes is done by what is called separation. This means that the aircraft are kept apart by a minimum distance at all times. Modern aircraft also have collision avoidance systems that see nearby aircraft and warn pilots if other planes are too close. This system is a backup for when air traffic control is not available or if something goes wrong with ATC. Air traffic controllers also can provide information to pilots. But pilots do not have to follow commands of ATC. They can make changes in order to keep plane safe.
Air traffic control service is not provided in uncontrolled airspace. Uncontrolled airspace is usually between ground and 1000 feet except areas near airports. These areas are part of controlled airspace.
Areas for ATC
"Ground Control" is responsible for all aircraft and vehicles on all taxiways, inactive runways, holding areas and aprons.
"Clearance Delivery" is the position that issues route clearances to aircraft. This is important for safe flying via planned route. Clearance Delivery has to cooperate with the Ground Control and the Area Control centre.
"Tower Control" gives clearance to arriving and departing aircraft. All aircraft on runways and airfield traffic circuit are directed by Tower Control too.
"Approach Control" is responsible for airplanes in airspace near airport. There is big density of airplanes. That is reason why approach is the most difficult job in compare to another ATC service.
"Area Control Centre" separates airplanes in controlled airspace between airports.
Other websites
Air Traffic control -Citizendium
Saint-Louis, Haut-Rhin

Saint-Louis is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department. In 2015, 20,401 people lived there. The inhabitants are the Ludoviciens.
It is at the German and Swiss borders, just north of Basel. The EuroAirport Basel-Mulhouse-Freiburg is there. The commune of Saint-Louis also has the former villages of Bourgfelden and Neuweg in it.
Communes in Haut-Rhin
Prince of Wales

Prince of Wales is a royal title. It is usually held by the eldest son of the King or Queen of the United Kingdom. It is the title of the royal who is first in line to the throne. The title is not automatic, but is given by the reigning monarch.
When a person becomes King or Queen, their eldest son immediately becomes Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay. The current Prince of Wales, Prince William, was born in 1982, and was known as Prince William of Wales (his father is King Charles III). In 2022, his father became King, and he became The Duke of Cornwall (in Scotland he was called The Prince William, Duke of Rothesay). In 2022, the King made him Prince of Wales, and he is now called Prince of Wales, except in Scotland, where he is still The Prince William, Duke of Rothesay.
King George II created his son, Prince Frederick, Prince of Wales. When Frederick died, the King made Frederick's eldest son, George, Prince of Wales.
Related pages
Titles of European royal heirs
British monarchy
Håkan Carlqvist

Hakan Carlqvist (15 January 1954 - 7 July 2017) was a Swedish professional motocross racer. He was born near Stockholm, Sweden.
Carlqvist won the F.I.M. 250cc Motocross World Championship in 1979 as a member of the Husqvarna factory racing team. In 1980, he switched to Yamaha to contest the 500cc motocross world championship. He finished 3rd in 1981 and 1982. In 1983, he battled against Honda teammates Andre Malherbe and Graham Noyce to claim the 500cc world championship, on a Yamaha. In 1984, an injury stopped Carlqvist from contesting the title again. He raced for Yamaha until end of 1986.
Carlqvist died in Stockholm on 7 July 2017 of a heart attack at the age of 63.
References
1954 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Sportspeople from Stockholm
SIR model

The SIR model is a simple mathematical model of epidemics. An epidemic is when the number of people infected with a disease is increasing in a population.
S, I, and R stand for:
Below is a graph of a solved SIR model. The bottom (x) axis is time, and the left (y) axis is the population or the number of people.
Blue represents the number of susceptible people. At the beginning of the epidemic, the number of susceptible (blue) people decreases as the number of infected (green) people increases. Gradually the number of recovered (red) people increases. In this particular model, after the epidemic is over, all people have been infected and recovered. This is not always the case; sometimes, some susceptible people remain uninfected.
This model is also missing some parts, such as creating new susceptible people by being born and the removal of susceptible, infected, and recovered people who die. More complicated models can include these parts.
Also, this model does not work well for every disease. It works well where people recover from a disease and become immune, such as measles. Not all infectious diseases follow this pattern. For instance, people infected with HIV never recover, and there is no vaccine, so there is no group of recovered people, only susceptible and infected people. There is also the case where people recover from a disease but do not become immune or lose their immunity over time. For instance, when people get the flu, they are generally only immune for a short time before they become susceptible again.
There are also different kinds of models when as the disease is spread through the water, such as in the case of cholera, or by a vector like a mosquito, such as malaria.
Mathematics
Epidemiology
God the Father

God the Father is a title for God in the Christian religion; however, for believers of the Trinity, God the Father is only viewed as the first person of the Trinity, who along with the Son and the Holy Spirit are of the same essence, share the same qualities, and are each fully God.
God is known as the Father because of his unending care for humanity, just like a father would care for his dependent children, and as our father and creator, he responds to his children so he can have a relationship with us. Through prayer, you can grow a relationship with Him.
Even though the term "Father" itself is masculine, God is understood to have the form of a spirit without any human biological gender as he is a being beyond our understanding. Catechism of the Catholic Church No. 239 specifically states that "God is neither man nor woman: he is God". Even though God is never directly called "Mother" in the Bible, in the Book of Isaiah there are many verses where God is shown to have motherly attributes, such as: , or .
Views
Trinitarianism
Christians who believe in the Trinity believe that God the Father is not a separate being or god from the other members of the Trinity; instead, they are distinct persons who are of the same essence and share the same qualities; because of this, the Son and Holy Spirit are no less "God" than the Father. According to Eastern Orthodox theology, God the Father is the arche or principium ("beginning"), the "source" or "origin" of both the Son and the Holy Spirit, and is considered the eternal source of the Godhead. The Father is the one who eternally begets the Son, and the Father, through the Son, eternally breathes the Holy Spirit.
Nontrinitarianism
There are groups that do not believe in the Trinity and have different views.
Followers of Mormonism believe in the Godhead, which is a divine council of three distinct beings: Elohim (the Father), Jehovah (the Son, Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit. Elohim and Jehovah have perfected physical bodies, while the Holy Spirit has a body of spirit. Mormons believe that instead of sharing the same essence, each person is their own being; Elohim created Jehovah and the Holy Spirit and is greater in authority and power than them, while they are united in purpose (this heresy is called Subordinationism).
Mormons believe that God the Father has a spouse called the Heavenly Mother, and together they are the Heavenly Parents; that God the Father is one of the many gods out there in the universe, and there are gods greater than him; that he isn't the creator of the universe and created a few planets through Jehovah but created them with existing materials and not ex nihilo; and that he was once a human who was tested just like us, and because of his obedience to his god, he became one.
Related pages
God
God the Son
Holy Spirit in Christianity
Jesus
Trinity
Subordinationism
References
Other websites
God the Father at Theopedia
Gods and goddesses
Christian theology
No One Knows

"No One Knows" is a song by Queens of the Stone Age. Queens of the Stone Age is an American rock band. The song was written by Josh Homme and Mark Lanegan. It was the first single from the band's third album, Songs for the Deaf. The song was released on November 26, 2002. "No One Knows" was the band's first song to be on the Billboard Hot 100. It was nominated for a Grammy Award in 2003.
Release
"No One Knows" was released as a single on November 26, 2002. It is the most successful single from Songs for the Deaf. It went onto many rock music charts in the United States. It was also number one on the US Alternative music chart. It is the band's highest charting single in many countries, such as the Netherlands and Ireland. The song reached number 15 on the UK Singles Chart.
Many critics liked the song. Triple J, an Australian radio station, voted it the best song of 2002. Triple J also voted four other Queens of the Stone Age songs for the top 100 best songs of 2002. Rolling Stone put "No One Knows" at number 97 on their list of the 100 best guitar songs. In 2014, NME said it was one of the 100 greatest songs of all time. The song was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock Performance in 2003. It was the band's first Grammy nomination. The award was given to "All My Life" by Foo Fighters. Dave Grohl, a member of Foo Fighters, played the drums on "No One Knows".
Track listing
The single version of the song was released in many different ways. It was released on CD and 7" vinyl. The single had other songs on it. Different versions of the single had different songs.
German CD, UK release CD-1
"No One Knows" (Josh Homme, Mark Lanegan)
"A Song for the Dead" (live from The Mean Fiddler, Soho, London, England) (Homme, Lanegan)
"Avon" (live from The Mean Fiddler, Soho, London, England) (Homme)
"No One Knows" (multimedia track) (Homme, Lanegan)
UK release CD-2
"No One Knows" (Homme, Lanegan)
"Gonna Leave You" (Spanish version) (Homme, Nick Oliveri)
"Tension Head" (live from The Mean Fiddler, Soho, London, England) (Homme, Oliveri)
European 7"
"No One Knows" (Homme, Lanegan)
"Tension Head" (live from The Mean Fiddler) (Homme, Oliveri)
Canadian CD
"No One Knows (album version)"
"No One Knows (UNKLE reconstruction - radio edit)"
"No One Knows (UNKLE reconstruction - full-length)"
"No One Knows (UNKLE reconstruction - instrumental)"
"No One Knows" (multimedia track)
All songs by Homme, Lanegan
References
2002 songs
Alternative rock songs
Hard rock songs
Queens of the Stone Age songs
Râches

Raches is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 2,701 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Väki

In Finnish mythology, Vaki means races of Haltijas (Finnish elves) and their magical powers. Different things in nature had their own vaki guarding them. For example, Vaki of water lived in and protected water. Vaki is the name of both the magical power and Haltijas. Vaki could sometimes be seen. They looked like little man-like creatures. Sometimes Vaki went inside people and made people ill. Vaki makes people ill if they behave badly in their kingdom. For example, if someone shouted in a forest without reason then the Vaki of forest may make then ill. Shaman could heal these illnesses by telling the vaki to leave the person and go back to its original place.
The other version of vaki refers to the realm of the dead. Vaki was the anonymous pack of dead people. Once they (vaki) had been our beloved ones, relatives etc. but after spending some time in the afterlife they had been become unknown masses of dead creatures without any personal markings.
Finnish mythology
sv:Radare
Glossopteris

Glossopteris is the largest and best-known genus of the extinct seed ferns. They were typical plants of the coal forests or coal swamps which lasted from the Pennsylvanian (later Carboniferous) to the end of the Permian.
The coal swamps were world-wide because, for that long time, the continents were close together in Gondwana. Therefore they had similar wet, tropical climates.
History
The Glossopteridales arose in the Southern Hemisphere around the beginning of the Permian (~300 million years ago). Their distribution across several continents led Eduard Suess to suggest the southern continents were once together in a single supercontinent - Gondwana.
These plants went on to become the dominant elements of the southern flora through the rest of the Permian but disappeared in almost all places at the end of the Permian (~250mya).
The only convincing Triassic records are very earliest Triassic leaves from Nidpur, India. Even these records are somewhat questionable owing to faulting and complex juxtapositioning of Permian and Triassic strata at Nidpur.
Some textbooks cite the continuation of glossopterids into later parts of the Triassic and, in some cases into the Jurassic. These are mistakes based on misidentification of similar leaves, such as those of Gontriglossa, Sagenopteris, or Mexiglossa.
Glossopterids were, thus, one of the major casualties of the end-Permian mass-extinction event.
References
Seed plants
Fossil plants
Extinct plants
Osborne, Kansas

Osborne is a city in Osborne County, Kansas, United States. It is also the county seat of Osborne County. In 2010, 1,431 people lived there.
History
People from southeastern Pennsylvania created Osborne City in May 1871. They named the settlement after Vincent B. Osborne, a Union Army veteran of the American Civil War. Osborne County also is named after him. Osborne City became the permanent county seat in November 1872. In May 1873, a district judge officially said it was a city, but the townspeople did not create a government. Five years later, a second attempt was successful, and the settlement incorporated as a city in 1878. "City" was dropped from its name by the mid-1890s.
A bridge was built at Osborne over the Solomon River in 1878.
Geography
Osborne is at (39.440651, -98.697118). It has an elevation of . It is at the intersection of U.S. Route 281 and U.S. Route 24 in north-central Kansas. It is about northwest of Wichita, west-northwest of Kansas City, and east of Denver.
Osborne is on the north side of the South Fork Solomon River in the Smoky Hills region of the Great Plains. The Osborne Canal, which is part of the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation's Webster Unit Project, goes east along the northern edge of the city.
The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.
Weather
On average in Osborne, July is the warmest month, January is the coldest month, and May is the wettest month. The hottest temperature ever in Osborne was 116 degF (47 degC) in 1940; the coldest temperature ever was -31 degF (-35 degC) in 1989.
People
2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 1,431 people, 633 households, and 390 families living in Osborne.
Government
Osborne is a city of the second class. It has a mayor-council form of government.
Infrastructure
Osborne Municipal Airport is southeast of the city. It is used mostly for general aviation.
Osborne is the western endpoint of a line of the Kyle Railroad. The city is also the northwestern endpoint of a railroad of the Kansas and Oklahoma Railroad.
Media
The Osborne County Farmer is the local newspaper. It is published once per week.
Osborne is in the Wichita-Hutchinson, Kansas television market.
Famous people
Chris Arpad (1967- ), steel drummer
Fred Cornwell (1961- ), football tight end
Edward L. Kessel (1904-1997), biologist
Joe Miller (1967- ), judge, Alaska politician
Lee Wykoff (1898-1974), Professional Wrestler
References
Other websites
City
City of Osborne
Osborne - Directory of Public Officials
Historical Images
Historic Images - Wichita State University Libraries
Schools
USD 392, local school district
Maps
Osborne City Map, KDOT
Cities in Osborne County, Kansas
County seats in Kansas
1871 establishments in Kansas
Wendell, Idaho

Wendell is a city in Idaho in the United States.
Cities in Idaho
Gooding County, Idaho
So I Married an Axe Murderer

So I Married an Axe Murderer is a 1993 American romantic black comedy movie directed by Paul Weiland and starring Mike Myers, Amanda Plummer, Nancy Travis, Alec Baldwin, Mike Hagerty, Michael Richards, Brenda Fricker, Phil Hartman, Matt Doherty, Charles Grodin, Alan Arkin. It was distributed by TriStar Pictures.
References
Other websites
1993 romantic comedy movies
1990s black comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
American black comedy movies
American serial killer movies
English-language movies
Movies set in the San Francisco Bay Area
Movies adapted into television shows
Allies

Allies are people or groups that are working together to achieve some common purpose.
Allies may also refer to:
Allies of World War I
Allies of World War II
French and British forces in the Crimean War
Straight allies, people who identify as heterosexual and who support equal civil rights for the LBGTQ community
Allies (band), a popular 1980s era Contemporary Christian music group featuring Bob Carlisle
Allies (Crosby, Stills & Nash album), 1983
Allies (Fred Frith album), 1996
"Allies" (Stargate Atlantis), a Stargate Atlantis episode
"Allies" (song), the sixth track on the album Passionworks by Heart
The Allies (Australian rules football), a representative Australian rules football team
Allies (film), a 2014 British war film
Tamara Natalie Madden

Tamara Natalie Madden (August 16, 1975 - November 4, 2017) was a Jamaican-born American painter and mixed-media artist working. Madden's paintings are allegories whose subjects are the people of the African diaspora. After her solo exhibition in 2004, Madden relocated near Atlanta, Georgia. She was born in Kingston, Jamaica. She studied at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.
Her first solo exhibition was in 2004, and it got her an interview with the late James Auer of the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. In 2007, Madden debuted a series entitled, "Kings & Queens", which focused on heightening the everyday person. Her work continues to focus on recognizing nobility, honor and respect in those often overlooked by society.
Madden died of ovarian cancer on November 4, 2017 in Atlanta, Georgia at the age of 42.
References
1975 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from ovarian cancer
Cancer deaths in Georgia (U.S. state)
Jamaican people
Naturalized citizens of the United States
American painters
People from Atlanta
People from Milwaukee
Norman D. Shumway

Norman David Shumway (born July 28, 1934 ) is an American Republican politician. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from California's 14th congressional district from 1979 to 1991.
Other websites
California Public Utilities Commission statement
1934 births
Living people
United States representatives from California
Politicians from Phoenix, Arizona
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Franqueville, Aisne

Franqueville, Aisne is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Mark Fitzpatrick

Mark Fitzpatrick (born November 13, 1968 in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian retired ice hockey goaltender.
Playing career
Before playing in the NHL, Cloutier played 1 season in the BCJHL with the Revelstoke Rangers and 3 seasons in the WHL with the Medicine Hat Tigers whom he won the Memorial Cup twice with.
He was drafted by the Los Angeles Kings with the 27th overall pick in the 1987 NHL Entry draft. He played 17 games with the Kings and on February 22, 1989 he was traded along with Wayne McBean to the New York Islanders in exchange for Kelly Hrudey. He played 2 seasons with the Islanders. During his time with them, Fitzpatrick contracted Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome, which is a potentially fatal neurological disease and it cost him almost all of the 1990-91 NHL season. He was able to recover and he returned to the ice in February 1992. He won the Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy for his efforts in returning to the league after the illness in 1992.
On June 20, 1993, during the expansion draft for the Florida Panthers and the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim, he was traded to the Quebec Nordiques for Ron Hextall and a swap of first-round picks. After only four days, he was claimed in the expansion draft by the Panthers. He played 5 seasons with the Panthers where he played as a backup goaltender to John Vanbiesbrouck.
On January 16, 1998, he was traded to the Tampa Bay Lightning with Jody Hull for Dino Ciccarelli and Jeff Norton. During his time in Tampa, he only managed record 7 wins in 34 games for the struggling Lightning who finished the season with the worst record in the NHL.
He was traded to the Chicago Blackhawks for Michal Sykora where he spent the season as a backup capacity to Jocelyn Thibault. He moved to Carolina Hurricanes for the 1999-2000 NHL season but spent most of the year playing in the International Hockey League for the Cincinnati Cyclones. He only played 3 games for the Carolina Hurricanes and spent another season in the IHL for the Detroit Vipers before he retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2001.
References
Other websites
1968 births
American Hockey League players
Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy winners
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Carolina Hurricanes players
Chicago Blackhawks players
Florida Panthers players
Ice hockey people from British Columbia
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
Los Angeles Kings players
Medicine Hat Tigers players
New York Islanders players
People from Toronto
Tampa Bay Lightning players
Vasodilation

Vasodilation is where blood vessels widen. It results from relaxation of muscle cells within blood vessel walls. The process is essentially the opposite of vasoconstriction, which is the narrowing of blood vessels.
When vessels widen, blood flow is increased. This in turn decreases blood pressure. Drugs that cause vasodilation are called vasodilators.
References
Blood vessels
Rieden, Upper Palatinate

Rieden (Northern Bavarian: Riaden) is a municipality in Amberg-Sulzbach, a district (Landkreis) in the Upper Palatinate.
References
Amberg-Sulzbach
Eros (disambiguation)

Eros is the Greek god of love.
Eros can also mean:
Eros (concept), the Greek word for romantic or sexual love
433 Eros, an asteroid
Eros, Secretary of Roman Emperor Aurelian, whose assassination he planned
EROS (microkernel), an operating system
Eros Ramazzotti (born 1963), Italian singer-songwriter
Heidi Klum

Heidi Klum Kaulitz (born 1 June 1973) is a German model, actress and singer. She hosts Project Runway and Germany's Next Top Model. She also models for Victoria's Secret.
Biography
Heidi was born in Bergisch Gladbach, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Her father was a company leader and her mother was a hair stylist. She won a modelling competition. She beat over 25,000 other people. She got $300,000 from it, and modeled in the United States. She has been on the cover of many magazines. These include Vogue Magazine, Elle, and Marie Claire. She became famous for being in Sports Illustrated.
She is now the host and a judge on Project Runway. It is a show where clothing designers compete to win $100,000 to make designs. She had chances to win Emmys for the first three seasons of the show. She also is the host of Germany's Next Topmodel. It is similar to America's Next Top Model which is hosted by Tyra Banks.
Personal life
Heidi married Ric Pipino in 1997. Ric was a hair stylist for famous people. They separated in 2002. After the separation, Klum was with race car businessman Flavio Briatore. She became pregnant with his baby. They separated after he was with another woman. Her daughter was born on 4 May 2004 in New York City. Her name is Helene 'Leni' Klum.
She was in a relationship with Seal, a musician, while pregnant with Leni. They were married 10 May 2005 in Mexico. They have two sons, Henry Gunther Ademola Dashtu Samuel, born 12 September 2005 in Los Angeles, California, and Johan Riley Fyodor Taiwo Samuel born 22 November 2006 in Los Angeles. They also have a daughter together named Lou born 9 October 2009. Briatore is not in Leni's life. Seal acts as Leni's father and has adopted her. The couple divorced in 2015.
References
Other websites
Official Website
Heidi Klum in the Fashion Model Directory (FMD)
Interview with Der Spiegel, February 12 2006
Heidi Klum Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue Photo Gallery at SI.com
Heidi Klum Pregnant but not with his Child
AOL Books Interview about the book Body of Knowledge
Express.de article (in German)
1973 births
Living people
Actors from North Rhine-Westphalia
German models
German movie actors
German singers
German television actors
German television presenters
People from Bergisch Gladbach
Television producers
False color

False color (or false colour) refers to a group of color methods used to display recorded images in color. A false-color image is an image which shows an object in colors different from that which a true-colour photograph would show.
In addition, there is false color used for visualization of genuine data.
A photograph shot in color will show the colors in the picture as they appeared on the film, or to the sensor of a digital camera. Since most films and most digital cameras are made to show the world as human color vision would see it, this is known as true-color image. In a false color image, the color shown in the image does not correspond to the one the human eye would see. In such an image, color is used for extra information that the eye would not see. Many false color images, for example, show infrared light that humans cannot see.
References
Color
Photography
Device file

In some operating systems, a device file or special file is a file on the file system that can be used to access and control devices, such as printers or scanners. This is common on UNIX-like operating systems such as Linux.
Computing
Cannibal! The Musical

Cannibal! The Musical is a 1993 American independent musical black comedy movie directed, written, produced, co-scored by and starring Trey Parker in his directorial debut while studying at the University of Colorado Boulder, before reaching fame with South Park alongside his friend Matt Stone who also stars in and produces the movie. It is loosely based on the true story of Alferd Packer and the sordid details of the trip from Utah to Colorado that left his five fellow travelers dead and partially eaten. Parker stars as Alferd Packer, with frequent collaborators Stone, Dian Bachar and others playing the supporting roles.
Cast
Trey Parker as Alferd Packer (credited as "Juan Schwartz")
Toddy Walters as Polly Pry
Moira Kelly was to be cast as the above role, but it was decided not to use her as it might damage serious Hollywood aspirations. Various screenings credit "M.K." as "The Dropout".
Matt Stone as James Humphrey and the "Hang the Bastard" woman
Dian Bachar as George "California" Noon
David Schwimmer as Frank Miller
Hank Azaria as Israel Swan
Abraham Benrubi as Shannon Wilson Bell
Production
The film was originally titled Alferd Packer: The Musical in 1993. The movie premiered on October 31, 1993 in Boulder, Colorado, at a cinema near the University of Colorado campus. A fake protest organized by friend of Parker and Stone, organized along the lines of an animal rights demonstration, took place in front of the theater. The film then played at the Raindance Film Festival in October 2004. Parker and Stone attended.
Reception
Cannibal! currently holds a 63% "Fresh" approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 19 reviews, with a weighted average of 5.2/10. The site's critical consensus says: "If you're only going to watch one black comedy about a real-life explorer whose fellow travelers ended up eaten, make it Cannibal! The Musical."
1990s American musical movies
1990s comedy movies
American black comedy movies
Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay

Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay is a 2008 American stoner comedy movie. It is the second movie in the Harold & Kumar series. It stars John Cho, Kal Penn, Paula Garces, Neil Patrick Harris, Jon Reep, Rob Corddry and Ed Helms. It is directed/produced/written by Jon Hurwitz and Hayden Schlossberg. The movie was released on April 25, 2008 by Warner Bros. It received mixed reviews, but did well at the box office.
The movie follows the event after Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle with Harold and Kumar flying to Amsterdam in the Netherlands. They are then imprisoned and end up on a series of misadventures when they escape from Guantanamo Bay.
References
Other websites
2008 comedy movies
2000s English-language movies
Movies set in Alabama
Movies set in Miami
Movies set in Texas
2000s LGBT movies
American buddy comedy movies
American sequel movies
2000s buddy comedy movies
American LGBT movies
Movies set in the Netherlands
Movies set in 2004
New Line Cinema movies
G. Kishan Reddy

Gangapuram Kishan Reddy (born 15 June 1960) is an Indian politician. He is currently serving as Minister of State for Home Affairs, Government of India. He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
He is an MP representing Secunderabad (Lok Sabha constituency) since 2019. He served the floor leader of the BJP in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in 2009. He gave it up after being elected as the state BJP president of erstwhile Andhra Pradesh.
References
1960 births
Politicians from Andhra Pradesh
Bharatiya Janata Party politicians
Living people
Politicians from Hyderabad, India
1992 AFC Youth Championship

1992 AFC Youth Championship was held in United Arab Emirates from 24 September to 6 October.
Results
Group stage
Group A
Group B
Knockout stage
References
AFC U-20 Asian Cup
1992 in association football
1992 in Asia
Football in the United Arab Emirates
French Open

The French Open is one of the four Grand Slam tennis tournaments. It is played in Paris, France. The first competition was held in 1891.
The French Open is known for being the only Grand Slam played on a clay court. On a clay court the ball bounces much slower and higher than on hard or grass courts. This makes it more difficult to win the point and rallies (the number of shots in a point) usually last longer. Players that excel on clay courts are called clay-court specialists.
The tournament is played for two weeks. It starts in late May and finishes in early June.
Sometimes, the French Open is called the Roland Garros tournament. Roland Garros was a well-known aviator from World War I who had the main tennis court named after him.
The singles winners in 2016 were Novak Djokovic and Garbine Muguruza. The singles winners in 2015 were Stan Wawrinka and Serena Williams.
Records
Men - Rafael Nadal has won 9 times: 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014.
Women - Chris Evert won 7 times: 1974, 1975, 1979, 1980, 1983, 1985, and 1986.
Sources
Grand Slam tennis tournaments
Sport in Paris
1891 establishments in Europe
1890s establishments in France
Arrondissement of Castellane

The arrondissement of Castellane is an arrondissement of France, in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department, Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur region. Its capital is the city of Castellane.
History
When the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department was created on 1800, the arrondissement of Castellane was part of that original department.
The arrondissement was eliminated in 1926 but became again an arrondissement in 1952.
Geography
The arrondissement of Castellane is in eastern Alpes-de-Haute-Provence. It is bordered to the north by the arrondissement of Barcelonnette, to the east by the Alpes-Maritimes department, to the south by the Var department and to the west by the arrondissement of Digne-les-Bains.
The arrondissement of Castellane is the second smallest arrondissement of the department, after the arrondissement of Barcelonnette, both in area, , and population (9,493 inhabitants).
Composition
Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.
There is only one canton in the arrondissement of Castellane, with all its communes in the arrondissement: the canton of Castellane (0402).
Communes
The arrondissement of Castellane has 41 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):
Allons (04005)
Allos (04006)
Angles (04007)
Annot (04008)
Barreme (04022)
Beauvezer (04025)
Blieux (04030)
Braux (04032)
Castellane (04039)
Castellet-les-Sausses (04042)
Val-de-Chalvagne (04043)
Chaudon-Norante (04055)
Clumanc (04059)
Colmars (04061)
Demandolx (04069)
Entrevaux (04076)
Le Fugeret (04090)
La Garde (04092)
Lambruisse (04099)
Meailles (04115)
Moriez (04133)
La Mure-Argens (04136)
La Palud-sur-Verdon (04144)
Peyroules (04148)
La Rochette (04170)
Rougon (04171)
Saint-Andre-les-Alpes (04173)
Saint-Benoit (04174)
Saint-Jacques (04180)
Saint-Julien-du-Verdon (04183)
Saint-Lions (04187)
Saint-Pierre (04194)
Sausses (04202)
Senez (04204)
Soleilhas (04210)
Tartonne (04214)
Thorame-Basse (04218)
Thorame-Haute (04219)
Ubraye (04224)
Vergons (04236)
Villars-Colmars (04240)
The communes with more inhabitants in the arrondissement are:
Related pages
Arrondissements of the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department
List of arrondissements of France
References
Castellane
Offoy, Somme

Offoy is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Lupita Nyong'o

Lupita Nyong'o (born 1983) is a Kenyan-Mexican actress and filmmaker. The first American movie she acted in was 12 Years a Slave. Nyong'o won several awards, including the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, for her role in 12 Years a Slave. She was also in Black Panther (2018) and Us (2019).
Early life and career
Nyong'o was born in Mexico City, Mexico, in 1983 to Dorothy and Peter Anyang' Nyong'o. Her parents had fled Kenya because they were being harassed by the government there; her uncle was killed in 1980. The family moved back in 1987 but they were still harassed by Daniel arap Moi's government, which was supported by the United States and United Kingdom.
Nyong'o was raised mostly in Kenya, but returned to Mexico as a teenager and attended university in the United States. After graduating, she played a role in the 2009 Nigerian television show Shuga. She went back to school and got a Master's degree from Yale's School of Drama in 2012.
In 2014, Nyong'o won several awards, including the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, for her role in 12 Years a Slave. She said her acting in 12 Years a Slave was inspired by Michael Jackson and Whoopi Goldberg. Nyong'o was nominated for the British Film Academy's Rising Star Award and on the cover of Dazed & Confused and W magazine's February 2014 issues. She was named the most beautiful in the world by PEOPLE magazine in April 2014.
Nyong'o continued to act in major Hollywood movies including Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015), The Jungle Book (2016), Black Panther, and Us. As well as acting, in 2019 and 2020 she wrote a children's book, Sulwe, which was released in English, Swahili, and Luo.
She also won a Daytime Emmy Award for an episode in "Bookmarks: Celebrating Black Voices," in which she read from her children's book Sulwe.
References
Academy Award winning actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
1983 births
Living people
Mexican movie actors
Kenyan people
Actors from Mexico City
The Great Train Robbery

The Great Train Robbery is a 1903 western silent movie. It was written, directed, produced, and photographed by Edwin S. Porter. It is 12 minutes long. It is thought to be an important step in making movies. It expanded upon Porter's previous movie Life of an American Fireman. The movie used many new moviemaking techniques. These techniques included cross cutting, camera movement, and on-location shooting. Some prints of the movie were also hand colored in certain scenes. It was shot in Milltown, New Jersey. The movie has been chosen for preservation in the United States National Film Registry.
Other websites
Download from the Library of Congress (in MPEG-1, RealVideo or QuickTime format)
Great Films: The Great Train Robbery
1903 movies
American silent movies
American Western (genre) movies
United States National Film Registry movies
Movies set in the 1870s
Movies directed by Edwin S. Porter
Paulo Kassoma

Antonio Paulo Kassoma (born 6 June 1951) is an Angolan politician. He was the Prime Minister of Angola in September 2008 until February 2010. Kassoma was President of the National Assembly of Angola from 2010 to 2012.
References
Prime Ministers of Angola
1951 births
Living people
Berlaimont

Berlaimont is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 3,155 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Margrethe II of Denmark

Margrethe II (Margrethe Alexandrine Thorhildur Ingrid; born 16 April 1940) is the Queen regnant of Denmark. Only very rarely is her name anglicized as Margaret II.
Life
Princess Margrethe was born at Amalienborg Palace, Copenhagen. Her parents were Crown Prince Frederik and Crown Princess Ingrid. She was baptised on 14 May 1940 at the Naval Church in Copenhagen. As King Christian X of Denmark was also the King of Iceland at the time of her birth, the Princess was given an Icelandic name, Thorhildur (spelled with the Icelandic thorn character, simplified as "th").
She studied archaeology at Girton College, Cambridge, from 1960 to 1961. She was also at the London School of Economics in 1965.
Margrethe was not born to be monarch, even though she was the eldest child of the Crown Prince, later King. At the time of her birth, only males could ascend the throne of Denmark.
The act of succession was changed in 1953.
Her father King Frederik IX died in 1972, and Queen Margrethe II became the first female Danish Sovereign.
In 2018, her husband Prince Henrik died of pneumonia in February and her first cousin Princess Elisabeth died in June.
Notes
Other websites
The Queen's Homepage
The Official Website of The Danish Monarchy
Illustrations - Lord of the Rings
1940 births
Living people
Kings and Queens of Denmark
Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order
Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
People from Copenhagen
Current national leaders
Euston shooting

On 14 January 2023, shots were fired from a shotgun outside of St Aloysius Roman Catholic church in Euston Road, Central London, United Kingdom, during the ending of a memorial service. Six people were injured, four women (aged 21, 41, 48 and 54) and two girls (aged 7 and 12).
The memorial service was for Fresia Calderon and her daughter Sara Sanchez who died separately from natural causes in November 2022.
No deaths have been reported, but the 7-year-old girl has been reported to have had a life-threatening injury from the event. On 15 January, shortly before 4pm, the Metropolitan Police arrested a 22-year-old man in Barnet on suspicion of attempted murder.
On the 15th March, 2 men were charged in connection with the shooting.
Reactions
Opposition leader Sir Keir Starmer ( whose electoral boundary the attack happened ) called for tighter restrictions on who can own pump action shotguns.
References
2023 crimes
2023 in Europe
2020s in England
2020s mass shootings in Europe
21st century in London
Crime in London
January 2023 events
Eocene

The Eocene was the second geological epoch in the Palaeogene, and by far the longest. It began 56 million years ago, and ended 33.9 million years ago with a global warning crisis. Before it was the Palaeocene, and after it was the Oligocene.
The Eocene, like the Palaeocene before it, had a climate much warmer than today. At the start of the Eocene the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum was reached. This lasted for 100,000 years, and caused a large extinction event. The land was heavily forested, with temperate forests into Arctic and Antarctic regions. The many herbivorous mammals were browsers, not grazers. All the members of the new mammal orders were small, under 10 kg. Eocene mammals were only 60% of the size of the primitive Palaeocene mammals that came before them. They were also smaller than the mammals that followed them (a typical exmaple is Eohippus).
The end of the Eocene was the beginning of the Oligocene (33.9 million years ago). Many plant and animal species went extinct. This was the Eocene-Oligocene extinction event. The extinction event was probably caused by meteorite strikes in Siberia and Chesapeake Bay.
Swamp forests
Tropical peatlands coexist with swamp forests in the Eocene. This is the most recent period which has left us coal measures. It was so hot in the Eocene that there was a high level of plant growth. Polar forests were quite extensive. Fossils and preserved remains of trees such as swamp cypress and dawn redwood from the Eocene have been found on Ellesmere Island in the Arctic.
The end-Eocene flora and some of its fauna is well seen at Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument, Rocky Mountains, Colorado.
References
Eocene
Cainozoic