pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Heredity

Heredity is the passing of traits (characteristics) from parents to offspring. In biology, the study of heredity is called genetics. With most living things, heredity is analysed by breeding (making crosses), often in a laboratory. But with humans, heredity is studied in other ways. Family pedigrees, identical twins and DNA genome analysis all provide clues.
A trait which may be inherited is heritable; it is inborn or innate.
References
Classical genetics
Récourt

Recourt is a commune. It is in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region in the Pas-de-Calais department in north France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Yanomami

The Yanomami (also spelled Yanomamo or Yanomama) is a local tribe living in southern Venezuela (Amazonas department) and northern Brazil (Amazonas state and Roraima). There are approximately 35,000 Yanomami people who live in some 200-250 villages. They live in shabonos, which are villages made with wood, straw and palm leaves.
They are also called Yanomamo and Yanam.
The word "Yanomami" means "human being".
The Yanomami tribe have lived in the rain forests of South America for centuries.
They live in small groups, and shelter in one huge house and it is called a Yanos which can hold up to 250 Yanomami.
The Yanomami tribe is also known as the Yanomamo. There is an average of 20,000 Yanomami.
About 12,000 of them are Yanomamo. They eat plantains which is the most important food. The Yanomami love to hunt. Most of the child
raising is done by the females of the family. Yanomami tribe villages sometimes have different languages so people from one may not understand the others. Rituals are a very important part of being a Yanomami. There are about 200-250 Yanomami villages in the area between the tropic of cancer to Capricorn.
Ethnic groups in South America
Mingus, Texas

Mingus is a city in Palo Pinto County, Texas in the United States. As of 2010, 235 people lived there.
Cities in Texas
Agnosia orneus

Agnosia orneus is a species of moth. It is in the family of Sphingidae. It was described by George Hampson in 1907. It is from India.
References
Smerinthini
Aldo Eminente

Aldo Eminente (19 August 1931 - 25 August 2021) was a French freestyle swimmer. He was born in Hanoi, French Indochina. He competed at the 1952 Olympic Games in Helsinki, where he won a bronze medal.
Eminente died on 25 August 2021, aged 90.
References
1931 births
2021 deaths
French swimmers
French Olympic bronze medalists
People from Hanoi
Gesnes-le-Gandelin

Gesnes-le-Gandelin is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.
Communes in Sarthe
Someren

Someren is a municipality in the Dutch province of North Brabant. In 2019, 19,322 people lived there.
Settlements in North Brabant
Municipalities of North Brabant
Paride Tumburus

Paride Tumburus (8 March 1939 - 3 October 2015) was an Italian football player. He played for Italy national team. He was a member of the Italian team at the 1960 Summer Olympics and the 1962 FIFA World Cup. He died of a heart attack.
Club career statistics
|-
|1959-60||rowspan="9"|Bologna||rowspan="9"|Serie A||21||1
|-
|1960-61||27||0
|-
|1961-62||27||0
|-
|1962-63||30||0
|-
|1963-64||28||1
|-
|1964-65||23||2
|-
|1965-66||28||0
|-
|1966-67||12||0
|-
|1967-68||4||0
|-
|1968-69||rowspan="2"|Lanerossi Vicenza||rowspan="2"|Serie A||25||6
|-
|1969-70||1||0
226||10
226||10
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1962||3||0
|-
|1963||1||0
|-
!Total||4||0
|}
References
1939 births
2015 deaths
1960 Summer Olympics
1962 FIFA World Cup players
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Italian footballers
Sportspeople from Friuli Venezia-Giulia
Shape of You

"Shape of You" is a song by English singer-songwriter Ed Sheeran. It is the first single from his third studio album, / ("divide"). It was released on January 6, 2017. "Shape of You" has reached number one on the charts of several countries, including entering at the top of the charts in the UK, US, Canada, and Australia. It became Sheeran's first number-one song in the US. Before, he reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100 in 2015 with the single "Thinking Out Loud".
On Broadcast Music Inc. (BMI), a website that shows the royalties and songwriters/publishers of songs, Sheeran added the songwriters of TLC's "No Scrubs" (1999). This is because lines from both songs have a similar rhythm.
The song finished as the number-one song of 2017 in the US.
Music video
The music video for "Shape of You", directed by Jason Koenig, was released on 30 January 2017 and features American actress Jennie Pegouski and retired sumo wrestler Yamamotoyama Ryuta.
Chart performance
"Shape of You" has reached the number one position in 38 countries. It is one of the most successful songs in world history, having charted at the number one position for 10 weeks or more on the national singles charts in 16 countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, the UK and the USA. The song has charted for 15 weeks on Australia's ARIA Singles Chart, becoming the longest-running number one single on a national singles chart in Australian history - a record that it held until November 2019. In Canada, the song charted at number one for 16 weeks, becoming one of the two longest-running number one singles in Canadian history, with the other being the Black Eyed Peas' 2009 single "I Gotta Feeling" - a record that both songs were later equalled with by Luis Fonsi's "Despacito" in 2017 and surpassed by Lil Nas X's "Old Town Road" in 2019.
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Decade-end charts
All-time charts
References
2017 songs
Pop songs
Ed Sheeran songs
Weibersbrunn

Weibersbrunn is a community with a population of close to 2,000 in the Aschaffenburg district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany.
References
Further reading
Julia Hecht, Klaus Reder: Die Landgerichte Aschaffenburg und Rothenbuch um 1860. Wurzburg 2002. (German)
Johann Ludwig Klauprecht: Forstliche Statistik des Spessarts. Aschaffenburg 1826. (German)
Rudolf Virchow (1852): Die Not im Spessart. Neuauflage, Hildesheim 1968. (German)
Other websites
Municipal website
Aschaffenburg (district)
Mike Kelly (politician)

George Joseph "Mike" Kelly, Jr. (born May 10, 1948), is an American politician. He is a member of the Republican Party. He has been the U.S. Representative for since 2011.
References
Other websites
Congressman Mike Kelly official U.S. House site
Mike Kelly for Congress
1948 births
Living people
United States representatives from Pennsylvania
Politicians from Pittsburgh
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Susumu Ohno

was a Japanese geneticist and evolutionary biologist. He went to the United States in 1951 as a visiting scholar to UCLA. He later became a citizen of the USA.
Biography
Susumu Ohno was born of Japanese parents in Seoul, Korea, on February 1, 1928. The family returned to Japan after the war in 1945.
His passion for science came from his lifelong love of horses. He earned a Ph.D. in veterinary science at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology in 1949, and later a Ph.D. and D.Sc. from Hokkaido University.
Scientific contributions
Ohno suggested that gene duplication plays a major role in evolution in his classic book Evolution by Gene Duplication (1970).
Subsequent research has overwhelmingly confirmed the key role of gene duplication in molecular evolution. Sometimes. one gene copy, or "paralog", takes on a totally new function after a gene duplication event. This means one of the gene copies mutates to develop a function that was not present in the ancestral gene. In this way, a gene duplication may lead to new possibilities in its descendents.
Normally, a big change in gene function is resisted because the original function is needed, but after a duplication one gene carries on the original function. Therefore, a change of function in the second copy is possible without loss of fitness.
In his book, he also suggested that vertebrate genome is the result of one or more entire genome duplications. Variations of this idea have come to be known as the 2R hypothesis (also called "Ohno's hypothesis"). He indicated that mammalian X chromosomes are conserved among species: it has been referred to as Ohno's law. He also invented the term Junk DNA for segments of the DNA that have no known function.
Related pages
Gene duplication
Polyploidy
References
Other websites
Biographical memoir by Ernest Beutler
Biography by Ulrich Wolf
Tamil work by Susumu Ohno
Japanese-Tamil link
1928 births
2000 deaths
Evolutionary biologists
Japanese scientists
People from Seoul
Geneticists
Emma Appleton

Emma Jill Appleton (born 11 December 1991) is an English actress and model. She is best known for her role as Feef Symonds in the Channel 4 spy thriller series Traitors (2019). She has also appeared in The End of the F***ing World, Genius and The Witcher.
Appleton was born in Witney, Oxfordshire.
References
Other websites
1991 births
Living people
Actors from Oxfordshire
English models
English movie actors
English television actors
Nasal dental click

The dental nasal click is a sound used in some spoken languages. It is not in English.
Consonants
Ponthieu

Ponthieu is a former province in northern France. Its chief town is Abbeville. It lies centered on the mouth of the Somme River. It includes the townships of Crecy-en-Ponthieu, Nouvion-en-Ponthieu and Ailly-le-Haut-Bell.
History
Norman conquest of England
Ponthieu played a small role in the events that led up to the Norman conquest of England in 1066. Harold Godwinson of England was blown ashore at Ponthieu in 1064. He was taken captive by the men of Guy I and held for ransom at the castle of Beaurain. Thinking Harold might be useful to him William II, Duke of Normandy, secured his release. William escorted him to Rouen and gave him many gifts.
william then had Harold take 'many oaths' to support his claim to the English throne and to become William's vassal. But a year after Harold's return to England when king Edward the Confessor died, Harold quickly forgot his oaths and took the crown for himself. That same year Harold was killed at Battle of Hastings and William became King of England.
In 1067 the chaplain of Matilda of Flanders, Guy, Bishop of Amiens, composed Carmen de Hastingae Proelio, a Latin poem on the battle of Hastings.
In 1150 the Count of Ponthieu built a fortress for himself at Crotoy, a strategic point on the mouth of the river Somme.
The Hundred Years' War
During the Hundred Years' War, Ponthieu changed hands a number of times. The English claimed control of it from 1279-1369 and again until 1435. During English control of Ponthieu, Abbeville was used as the capital.
In late August 1346 Edward III of England reached the region of Ponthieu. While he was there rebuilt the fortress at Crotoy. He forced a passage of the Somme at the ford of Blanchetaque. The army led by Philip VI of France caught up with him at nearby Crecy-en-Ponthieu, leading to the famous Battle of Crecy.
In 1360, the Treaty of Bretigny between King John II of France and Edward III of England gave control of Ponthieu (along with Gascony and Calais) over to the English, in exchange for Edward relinquishing his claim to the French throne. Edward took the land but still refused to surrender his claim.
In April, 1369 Charles V of France conquered Ponthieu. A month later he declared war on England. As a result, Edward publicly reassumed the title 'King of France' in June.
In 1372 an English army under the leadership of Robert Knolles invaded Ponthieu. They burned the city of Le Crotoy before crossing the Somme at the ford of Blanchetaque.
In the Treaty of Arras (1435), Charles VII of France convinced Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, to break his alliance with the English. In exchange he gave him Ponthieu. This marked a turning point that led to the end of England's part in the conflict 40 years later.
In 1477 Ponthieu was reconquered by King Louis XI of France.
In World War I between 1 July and 18 November 1916 the Battle of the Somme was fought in Ponthieu. It was one of the most costly battles ever fought with over 1,000,000 men killed or wounded.
Notes
References
Subdivisions of France
History of France
Provinces
Education City

Education City is a development in Al Rayyan, Qatar. Developed by the Qatar Foundation, the 12 square kilometres (4.6 sq mi) property houses various educational facilities, including satellite campuses of eight international universities.
References
Other websites
Official website
Doha
Letizia Battaglia

Letizia Battaglia (; 5 March 1935 - 13 April 2022) was an Italian photographer and photojournalist. She was born in Palermo, Italy. Her photos were about the Sicilian Mafia and life in Sicily.
Battaglia died on 13 April 2022 in Cefalu, Italy at the age of 87.
References
Other websites
1935 births
2022 deaths
Italian photographers
Photojournalists
People from Sicily
Marshall, Minnesota

Marshall is a city in Lyon County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 13,680 at the 2010 census. Marshall is a regional center in southwest Minnesota, and the county seat of Lyon County.
References
Cities in Minnesota
County seats in Minnesota
Edgewater, Volusia County, Florida

Edgewater, Volusia County is a city of Florida in the United States.
Cities in Florida
Tower Prada

Tower Prada (Italian: La Fondazione Prada) is a complex of museum buildings located in Milan, consisting of a permanent contemporary art gallery with works by various artists, including Jeff Koons, Walter De Maria, Pino Pascali, Damien Hirst, Carsten Holler, which frequently hosts many temporary exhibitions.
Description
The Foundation is characterized by several pavilions, some recently built like the tower, others that occupy the spaces of the ancient distillery "Societa Italiana Spiriti" dating back to 1910. It is located in Largo Isarco, at the corner with Via Orobia in Via Lorenzini, south of Milan.
The tower was designed by the Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas, with the collaboration of the studio Office for Metropolitan Architecture, together with architects Chris van Dujn and Federico Pompignoli, and its inauguration took place on April 18, 2018. On 20 June 2018 he received the Compasso d'oro 2018 award.
Economy
Tourism
Being an exclusive fashion and beauty center of global significance, the area of the Prada Foundation turns out to be a tourist attraction of a certain importance, which every year attracts thousands and thousands of visitors from all over the world. Inside it is possible to admire a multitude of houses in full Milanese style, which demonstrate the exclusivity of life and the place in which they are located, as well as the tenor of the same, certainly above the European average.
The Fondazione Prada area is one of the fastest growing areas of Milan, it is part, together with the districts of the Milan quadrilateral and the Brera district, of the richest and most luxuriant area of Milan so-called Platinum Triangle (literally "Platinum Trianglev") of Milan. The events of the Milan-Cortina 2026 Olympics will be concentrated in this area.
References
Other websites
Buildings and structures in Milan
Museums in Italy
Don Mankiewicz

Don Martin Mankiewicz (January 20, 1922 - April 25, 2015) was an American screenwriter and novelist. He was born in Berlin, Germany. He was the son of Sara (Aaronson) and the screenwriter Herman J. Mankiewicz. His 1955 novel Trial won the Harper Prize and was made into a movie of the same name.
Mankiewicz died of congestive heart failure in Monrovia, California, aged 93.
References
Other websites
1922 births
2015 deaths
American novelists
American screenwriters
American television writers
Deaths from congestive heart failure
Writers from Berlin
Oceanic trench

Ocean trenches have relatively steep sides falling to the ocean floor.
Ocean trenches are typically caused when an oceanic crustal plate slides under a lighter continental plate or another oceanic plate. It is believed to work by density. Where one plate slides under another, this is called subduction. As the heavier plate descends, the long, narrow feature caused is called the "subduction zone." It is here that oceanic trenches form. They can be 1,500 miles (2,400 km) long, several miles deep, and as much as 70 miles (112 km) wide.
At least five trenches are over 6 miles (10 km) deep. The greatest ocean depth to be sounded is in the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench, at a depth of
below sea level. Oceanic lithosphere moves into trenches at a global rate of about 3 km2/yr.
Trenches are active with earthquakes and resulting tsunamis. Most volcanism associated with trenches occurs on the continent and not on the sea floor. However, many of the ocean's volcanic islands and seamounts are found in what are called island arcs, bending chains of islands rising from the sea floor, usually paralleling the concave edges of an oceanic trench. The western Pacific has island arcism as do the Aleutian Islands.
Near the island of Guam is the famous Mariana Trench where the Pacific Plate descends under the leading edge of the Eurasian Plate. Measured at 36,201 feet - over 6.8 miles (11 km) deep, this trench is the deepest known spot in any ocean. In 1960, two men in the bathyscaph Trieste reached bottom of the Mariana Trench.
Other extensive trench regions around the world include the South Sandwich Trench between South America and Antarctica, the Peru-Chile Trench, and the Aleutian Trench.
References
Shukman, David 2013. Deep ocean undersea vents. BBC News Science & Technology .
Landforms
Oceanography
Shahid Khaqan Abbasi

Shahid Khaqan Abbasi (Urdu/; born 27 December 1958) is a Pakistani politician who was the Prime Minister of Pakistan, from August 1, 2017 to May 31, 2018. He is a member of the ruling Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N).
Abbasi served as the Minister for Petroleum and Natural Resources in the third Sharif ministry from 2013 to 2017, and briefly held the cabinet portfolio of Minister for Commerce in the Gillani ministry in 2008.
On 1 August 2017, Abbasi was elected Prime Minister of Pakistan after the resignation of outgoing Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif after Panama Papers case decision.
References
1958 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Pakistan
Pakistani Muslims
Politicians from Karachi
Punjabi people
Deadly Blessing

Deadly Blessing is a 1981 slasher movie directed by Wes Craven and stars Ernest Borgnine, Maren Jensen, Susan Buckner, and Sharon Stone. It was distributed by United Artists.
Other websites
1981 horror movies
American horror movies
Movies directed by Wes Craven
American independent movies
Sexual health

A WHO working definition for sexual health is that it "is a state of physical, emotional, mental and social well-being in relation to sexuality; it is not merely the absence of disease, dysfunction or infirmity. Sexual health requires a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships, as well as the possibility of having pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, free of coercion, discrimination and violence. For sexual health to be attained and maintained, the sexual rights of all persons must be respected, protected and fulfilled." However, while used by WHO as well as other organizations, this is not an official WHO position, and should not be used or quoted as a WHO definition.
References
Related pages
Reproductive rights
Human sexuality
Health
The Haunted Hotel

The Haunted Hotel is a 1907 American silent comedy movie directed by J. Stuart Blackton and stars Paul Panzer and William V. Ranous.
Actors
Paul Panzer as The Traveller
William V. Ranous as The Waiter
References
Other websites
American movies
1907 movies
American comedy movies
American silent movies
Criciúma Esporte Clube

Criciuma E.C. is a football club which plays in Brazil.
References
Brazilian football clubs
Santa Catarina
1947 establishments in South America
1940s establishments in Brazil
Kirchdorf im Wald

Kirchdorf im Wald is a municipality in Regen in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Regen (district)
3 Inches of Blood

3 Inches of Blood was a metal band from Vancouver, Canada. They were founded in 2000 and dissolved in 2015. The band's style is a mixture between Power Metal and NWOBHM of the 1970s.
Discography
Albums
Battlecry Under a Wintersun (2002)
Advance and Vanquish (2004)
Fire up the Blades (2007)
Here Waits Thy Doom (2009)
Long Live Heavy Metal (2012)
EPs
Sect of the White Worm (2001)
Trial of Champions (2007)
Anthems for the Victorious (2011)
Singles
Ride Darkhorse, Ride (2002)
Destroy the Orcs (2003)
Deadly Sinners (2004)
Goatrider's Horde (2007)
Trial of Champions EP|Trial of Champions (2007)
Battles and Brotherhood (2009)
Silent Killer (2010)
Metal Woman (2012)
Live at Mushroom: Vol. I (2013)
Live at Mushroom: Vol. II (2013)
Live at Mushroom: Vol. III (2013)
Other websites
3 Inches of Blood website
3 Inches of Blood on MySpace
3 Inches of Blood at Roadrunner Records
Canadian heavy metal bands
Canadian thrash metal bands
Power metal bands
Speed metal bands
People from British Columbia
Musical groups established in 2000
2000s establishments in Canada
Musical groups disestablished in 2015
2015 disestablishments in Canada
Motorola Razr (2020)

The Motorola Razr (stylized Motorola razr) is an Android foldable smartphone made by Motorola Mobility. Announced on November 14, 2019, it was released on February 6, 2020.
References
Other websites
Mobile phones released in 2020
Harry Lumley

Harry "Apple Cheeks" Lumley (November 11, 1926 - September 13, 1998) was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender in the National Hockey League.
Born in Owen Sound, Ontario, Canada, Lumley starred for several years with the Owen Sound Mercurys and later with the Owen Sound Orphans and then the Barrie Colts. He also played with the Indianapolis Capitals of the American Hockey League, a minor league team of the Detroit Red Wings. Lumley made his professional start in the National Hockey League, however, with the New York Rangers in the 1943-44 season, when he was loaned to the Rangers for a single game. He was the youngest goaltender to play in the NHL, as he was 17 years old.
Awards and achievements
Stanley Cup Championship (1950)
NHL First All-Star Team Goalie (1954 & 1955)
Vezina Trophy Winner (1954)
Inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1980
Other websites
Picture of Harry Lumley's Name on the 1950 Stanley Cup Plaque
Harry Lumley Bayshore Community Centre
1926 births
1998 deaths
Boston Bruins players
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Chicago Blackhawks players
Detroit Red Wings players
Hockey Hall of Fame inductees
Ice hockey people from Ontario
New York Rangers players
Toronto Maple Leafs players
Vezina Trophy winners
Slaughters, Kentucky

Slaughters is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Cities in Kentucky
Bourne

Bourne is a town and civil parish in Lincolnshire, England. In 2001 there were 11,933 people living in Bourne.
References
Towns in Lincolnshire
Kaori Chinen

Kaori Chinen (Zhi Nian kaori) is a Japanese professional Go player at Nihon Ki-in. She is known for holding female titles from the 1990s to the 2000s.
Records
Notes
Other websites
Official profile
1974 births
Japanese Go players
Living people
Revest-les-Roches

Revest-les-Roches is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the south of France.
Communes in Alpes-Maritimes
Walnut Grove, California

Walnut Grove is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sacramento County, California, United States. It is near Sacramento, California. The population was 1,452 at the 2020 census.
Walnut Grove is located at (38.243490, -121.512100).
References
Census-designated places in California
Settlements in Sacramento County, California
Michel Miyazawa

is a former French-Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1986/87||rowspan="4"|Fujita Industries||rowspan="4"|JSL Division 1||||||||||||||||
|-
|1987/88||||||||||||||||
|-
|1988/89||||||||||||||||
|-
|1989/90||10||0||||||3||0||13||0
|-
|1990/91||rowspan="2"|Fujita||rowspan="2"|JSL Division 2||29||0||||||1||0||30||0
|-
|1991/92||30||4||||||1||0||31||4
|-
|1992||rowspan="4"|JEF United Ichihara||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||colspan="2"|-||||||9||0||9||0
|-
|1993||19||0||0||0||4||0||23||0
|-
|1994||28||2||2||0||0||0||30||2
|-
|1995||11||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||11||0
127||6||2||0||18||0||152||6
127||6||2||0||18||0||152||6
|}
References
Profile
1963 births
Living people
French footballers
Footballers from Chiba Prefecture
Ladino language

Ladino (also called Judeo-Spanish) is a Jewish Romance language that is very close to the Spanish language. It has many old Spanish words and Hebrew words.
History
During the Middle Ages, many Jews lived in Spain. They were called Sephardic Jews or Sephardim (in Hebrew). Forced to leave Spain after the country was taken over by Christians, they brought the old Spanish with them to their new countries. Some Sephardic Jews still speak Ladino in Israel, Turkey, Bulgaria, the United States, and other countries.
Like many other Jewish languages, Ladino is an endangered language, is in danger of language death. It could become an extinct language. Most native speakers are old because many of them who emigrated to Israel and did not pass on the language to their children or grandchildren. In some Sephardic Jewish communities in Latin America and elsewhere, there is a threat of dialect levelling by the extinction by assimilation into modern Spanish.
Writing
Ladino is usually written by using the Latin alphabet but in Israel, it uses the Hebrew alphabet.
Ladin language
Ladino should not be confused with the Ladin language, which is related to the Swiss Romansh and Friulian languages and is mostly spoken in the Trentino-Alto Adige/Sudtirol region of Northern Italy.
References
Other websites
Socolovsky, Jerome. "Lost Language of Ladino Revived in Spain", Morning Edition, National Public Radio, March 19, 2007.
Romance languages
Languages of Europe
InterCity (British Rail)

InterCity (or, in the earliest days, the hyphenated Inter-City) was introduced by British Rail in 1966 as a brand-name for its long-haul express passenger services (see British Rail brand names for a full history).
Privatisation
After the privatisation of British Rail, InterCity trains were divided up into several franchises. The Caledonian Sleeper are transferred to ScotRail, now First ScotRail.
British Rail
1966 establishments in the United Kingdom
Petit-Mars

Petit-Mars is a commune of 3,601 people (2017). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Antony Costa

Antony Daniel Costa (born 23 June 1981) is a British singer-songwriter and actor. He was born in Edgware, London to a Jewish mother and Greek father. He is best known as a member of boy band Blue. In 2006 he released a solo album, Heart Full of Soul.
References
Other websites
1981 births
Living people
English singer-songwriters
English television actors
Singers from London
Dawson, Illinois

Dawson is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Villages in Illinois
Pope Leo I

Leo I (; c. 400 - 10 November 461), also known as Leo the Great, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 45th Pope from 29 September 440 to his death on 10 November 461.
Early life
Nothing is known about his early life. Little is known about his early work in the church. The first unmistakable reference to Pope Leo is in 429 when he was only a deacon.
Pope
Leo was made Bishop of Rome on 29 September 440. In other words, he became pope.
Leo is one of only two popes who are called "the Great". The other "great" is the first pope named Gregory.
In 452, Leo I peacefully convinced Attila the Hun not to destroy and plunder Rome. This made him a legendary figure in Italy.
Leo also wrote many scholarly books. One of them, a "Tome" on the Nature of Christ, was read out to both the Roman Emperor and to the Patriarch of Constantinople. Afterwards, they followed Leo's recommendations, and officially accepted certain religious matters, and rejected others. These decisions had many political implications, in many areas of the Eastern Roman Empire, for centuries to come.
Related pages
List of popes
References
Other websites
Catholic Hierarchy, Popes in sequence
Italian popes
400s births
461 deaths
Kinsey, Alabama

Kinsey is a town in the U.S. state of Alabama.
Towns in Alabama
SpVgg Bayreuth

SpVgg Bayreuth is a German football team in Bayreuth, Bavaria. It was founded in 1921. The club was banned in 1933 by the Nazis but restarted shortly after World War II. SpVgg Bayreuth plays in one of the Fourths Divisions, the Bayernliga. In the season 2005/2006, they played in the Third Division, the Regionalliga. Today the play in the Fifth Division (Bayernliga Nord).
Bayreuth
German football clubs
Sport in Bavaria
Democritus

Democritus () was an ancient Greek philosopher. He was born in Thrace, Greece, circa 460 BC.
He was a rich citizen of Abdera, in Thrace, and a student of Leucippus, another Greek philosopher. He studied natural philosophy in Thrace, Athens and Abdera. He liked to study geometry and he travelled to many places, including Egypt, Babylon and India. He wrote many books and never married.
Democritus is famous for his atomic theory of the universe. He said the universe is made up of two elements: the atoms, and the space where they exist and move". He believed that all matter is made up of atoms. They are eternal, indestructible and invisible particles. They are made of different shapes, different properties and they are always moving. He believed the number of atoms is infinite.
Democritus didn't have any scientific evidence. He had these ideas thinking about them. However, his ideas were close to the discoveries made 2000 years after his death.
He died ca. 370 BC.
Presocratic philosophers
Robert Gillmor

Robert Gillmor MBE (6 July 1936 - 8 May 2022) was a British ornithologist, artist, illustrator, author and editor. He was a founder member of the Society of Wildlife Artists (SWLA). He was the society's chairman and president. He worked on over 100 books, and in 2001 was honored with the RSPB Medal.
References
1936 births
2022 deaths
British illustrators
People from Reading, Berkshire
Enrique Olivera

Enrique Olivera (9 February 1940 - 4 November 2014) was an Argentine politician. He served as Chief of Government of the City of Buenos Aires from December 1999 to August 2000.
Olivera died in Buenos Aires on 4 November 2014, aged 74.
References
Other websites
1940 births
2014 deaths
Mayors of Buenos Aires
The Manchurian Candidate (1962 movie)

The Manchurian Candidate is a 1962 American thriller movie directed by John Frankenheimer and was based on the 1959 novel of the same name by Richard Condon. It stars Frank Sintara, Laurence Harvey, Janet Leigh, Angela Lansbury, James Gregory, Henry Silva, Leslie Parrish, Albert Paulsen, Barry Kelley and was distributed by United Artists. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1963.
Other websites
1962 thriller movies
1960s spy movies
1960s psychological movies
American thriller movies
American spy movies
American psychological movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by John Frankenheimer
Movies set in New York City
Earling, Iowa

Earling is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Piano Concerto No. 5 (Beethoven)

The Piano Concerto No. 5 in E flat major ("Emperor"), Op. 73 is a piece of music for piano and orchestra by Ludwig van Beethoven. It was written in 1809, and was first performed in Leipzig in November 1811. It is the last of Beethoven's concertos.
Beethoven's growing deafness made it impossible for him to play the first performance. It was played by Friedrich Schneider. The work is written on a grand scale with themes that are martial at times, and at other times intimate and personal.
References
Woodstra, Chris, et al. 2005. All Music Guide to Classical Music. All Media Guide, LLC. p. 126. .
Compositions by Ludwig van Beethoven
Beethoven 5
Iftikhar Hussain Ansari

Molvi Iftikhar Hussain Ansari (Kashmiri: maulvii iphtikhaar husain aNsaarii (Devanagari), mwlwy ftkhr Hsyn ry (Nastaleeq)) (26 April 1940 - 30 September 2014) was a Kashmiri Shia cleric, politician and a businessman. He succeeded his father Molvi Muhammad Jawad Ansari as president of All Jammu and Kashmir Shia Association in Jammu & Kashmir in 1962.
He was a sitting member of Jammu and Kashmir's Legislative Assembly for the Jammu and Kashmir People's Democratic Party. He was earlier a member of National Conference and Congress. He was also a business tycoon with interest in car dealerships.
On morning of 30 September 2014, Iftikhar Hussain died of due to cirrhosis, aged 74.
References
1940 births
2014 deaths
Indian businesspeople
Politicians from Jammu and Kashmir
Pays de la Loire

Pays de la Loire (or Pays-de-la-Loire) is an administrative region of France. Its capital is Nantes. In 2018, about 3.8 million people lived in the region. There are seven big centers, with more than 100.000 people in the respective urban area: Nantes, Angers, Le Mans, La Roche-sur-Yon, Cholet, Saint-Nazaire and Laval.
The departments in the region are:
Loire-Atlantique
Maine-et-Loire
Mayenne
Sarthe
Vendee
The economy is centered around the production of food, and agriculture in general. It is the third in France in that sector. 51% of meat products, 19% of milk, and 67% of the natural produce of grain (cereals) are produced there.
Languages
Some people in the region also speak other local languages. These are
Angevin
Breton
Gallo
Poitevin
Breton is a Celtic language, the others are Romance languages.
References
Other websites
Gastrioceratoidea

Gastrioceratoidea is one of 17 superfamilies of the Goniatitina suborder. They are an extinct group of ammonoid, which are similar to squids and cuttlefish.
Ammonites
Bernard Tchoullouyan

Bernard Tchoullouyan (12 April 1953 -- 6 January 2019) was a French former judoka. He won a world title in 1981 and an Olympic bronze medal in 1980. He was born in Marseille, France.
Tchoullouyan died on 6 January 2019 from a heart attack, at the age of 65.
References
1953 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
French judoka
French Olympic bronze medalists
Sportspeople from Marseille
M. P. Veerendra Kumar

M. P. Veerendra Kumar (22 July 1936 - 28 May 2020) was an Indian politician, writer and journalist. He was a Member of Parliament for Lok Sabha from 1996 to 1998 and again from 2004 to 2009. He was also a member of Rajya Sabha from 2016 to 2017 and again from 2019 to 2020. He was a member of the Loktantrik Janata Dal political party.
He was also the chairman and managing director of the Malayalam daily newspaper Mathrubhumi.
Kumer died of cardiac arrest at a hospital in Calicut, India on 28 May 2020, aged 83.
References
1936 births
2020 deaths
Politicians from Kerala
Indian writers
Blacy, Yonne

Blacy is a commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in north-central France.
Related pages
Communes of the Yonne department
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Martha Wright

Martha Wright, born Martha Lucile Wiederrecht (March 23, 1923 - March 1, 2016), was an American actress and singer. She performed on Broadway and on television. She was in South Pacific and The Sound of Music.
Wright died at the age of 92 in Newburyport, Massachusetts on March 1, 2016.
References
Other websites
Broadway At Its Best!: Martha Wright (archived version)
1923 births
2016 deaths
American stage actors
American television actors
Actors from Seattle
Singers from Seattle
Cilavegna

Cilavegna is a comune in the Province of Pavia in the Lombardy region in Italy.
Twin town
Condat-sur-Vienne, France
References
Settlements in Lombardy
Alberschwende

Alberschwende is a municipality in the district of Bregenz in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg.
References
Settlements in Vorarlberg
Juan Giménez

Juan Antonio Gimenez Lopez (; 26 November 1943 - 2 April 2020) was an Argentine comic book artist. He was born in Mendoza, Argentina. His best known works were Heavy Metal and Metal hurlant.
Gimenez died on April 2, 2020 in Mendoza of COVID-19 at the age of 76.
References
Other websites
1943 births
2020 deaths
Comics artists
People from Mendoza
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina
Permissive software license

A permissive free software licence is a free software licence for a copyrighted work that offers freedoms such as publishing a work to the public domain. In contrast, copyleft licences like the GNU General Public License require copies and derivatives of the source code to be made available on terms not more restrictive than those of the original licence.
A license tells what someone can do with something that was bought. It also tells what cannot be done with it without getting into legal trouble.
Examples of permissive licences include the MIT License and the BSD licence.
Related pages
Copyleft
References
Software licences
Perleberg

Perleberg (Low German: Perlberg) is a German town in the state of Brandenburg. It is halfway between the cities Berlin and Hamburg. It is the capital of the district of Prignitz. In 2010 about 12,400 persons lived in this town.
References
Cities in Brandenburg
Charles B. Reed

Charles Bass Reed (September 29, 1941 - December 6, 2016) was an American educator. He served as Chancellor of the State University System of Florida from 1985 to 1998 and chancellor of the California State University (CSU) system from 1998 to 2012.
Reed died on December 6, 2016 at his home in Tallahassee, Florida at age 75.
References
1941 births
2016 deaths
Educators from Pennsylvania
People from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
Amrapur

Amrapur is a small village in Jamnagar, Gujarat, India.
The road to it is from Kalavad to Ranuja, Dhutarpur, Summary, Kharavedha, Amrapur.
Amrapur is surrounded on three sides by a dam.
Most people there are farmers. Some of them are connected with animal husbandry.
Mr Vijaybhai Borsadiya is currently surpanch of the village.
Statistics
Population (approx): 250
Buildings (approx): 25
Temples: 3
Shops: 2
Primary school: 1
Gallery
Other websites
The official Facebook page of village
Villages in Gujarat
All the Vermeers in New York

All the Vermeers in New York is an American movie released in 1990. It was directed by Jon Jost.
Plot
Mark is a broker on Wall Street who notices a woman that resembles a painting by Dutch painter Johannes Vermeer. The woman is named Anna and she is an actress from France. The two start a romantic relationship when they meet each other for the first time. Mark suffers from a cerebral hemorrhage while calling Anna and then Anna disappears into a Vermeer painting at the end.
Reception
The film won the Caligari Film Award at the Berlin International Film Festival in 1991. Roger Ebert liked the film, but he thought that it ended too soon.
References
1990 movies
American drama movies
English-language movies
Johannes Vermeer
American independent movies
Valdisotto

Valdisotto is a comune in the Province of Sondrio in the Lombardy region in Italy.
Settlements in Lombardy
Dysprosium

Dysprosium () is a chemical element with the symbol Dy and atomic number 66. It has a very high melting temperature of 1,407degC. It can also absorb neutrons. This makes it very suitable for use with nuclear reactors and lasers.
Dysprosium is a rare earth element that has a metallic, bright silver luster.
Dysprosium was first identified in Paris in 1886 by French chemist Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran.
Compounds
Fluorides: DyF3
Chlorides: DyCl2, DyCl3
Bromides: DyBr2, DyBr3
Iodides: DyI2, DyI3
Oxides: Dy2O3
Sulfides: Dy2S3
Nitrides: DyN
Other websites
WebElements.com - Dysprosium
Los Alamos National Laboratory - Dysprosium
Lanthanides
Créteil

Creteil is a city in the southeast suburb of Paris, France. It is the prefecture of the Val-de-Marne department in the Ile-de-France region.
Twin towns
Creteil is twinned with:
Falkirk, Scotland
Kiryat Yam, Israel
Salzgitter, Germany
Les Abymes, France
Mataro, Spain
Bejaia, Algeria
Communes in Val-de-Marne
Departmental capitals in France
Lalji Singh

Lalji Singh (5 July 1947 - 10 December 2017) was an Indian scientist. He was best known for his the field of DNA fingerprinting technology in India. He was popularly known as the "Father of Indian DNA fingerprinting". He also worked in the areas of molecular basis of sex determination, wildlife conservation forensics and evolution and migration of humans. In 2004, he received the Padma Shri for his service to Indian science and technology. He was born in Kalwari, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh.
Singh died on 10 December 2017 in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh of a heart attack, at the age of 70.
References
1947 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Indian scientists
Zoologists
People from Uttar Pradesh
A-type asteroid

A-type asteroids are fairly uncommon closer asteroids that have a strong, broad 1 um olivine feature and a very reddish spectrum shortwards of 0.7 um. They are thought to come from the completely differentiated mantle of an asteroid.
A-type asteroids are so rare that as of 2005 only 17 had been found.
Other websites
A technical report on A-Type Asteroids
Zircon

Zircon is a silicate mineral. It is found in many different places in almost all kinds of rock. The chemical it is made up of is called zirconium silicate: ZrSiO4. Clear zircon may look like diamond and has been used as a cheaper replacement for diamond. It is not the same as cubic zirconia, which is man-made zirconium dioxide. In the United States, zircon is considered to be the birth stone for the month of December.
Long lasting zircons
Zircons from the Jack Hills in the Narryer Gneiss Terrane, Yilgarn Craton, Western Australia, have yielded U-Pb (uranium-lead radioactive dating) ages up to 4.404 billion years. This is judged to be the age of crystallization, making them the oldest minerals so far dated on Earth. In addition, the oxygen isotopic compositions of some of these zircons indicate that more than 4.4 billion years ago there was already water on the surface of the Earth. This interpretation is supported by additional trace element data, but is also the subject of debate.
References
Gemstones
Minerals
Triembach-au-Val

Triembach-au-Val is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
References
Communes in Bas-Rhin
Nieul-le-Dolent

Nieul-le-Dolent is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France.
References
Communes in Vendee
United Empire Loyalists

United Empire Loyalists were people living in the 13 colonies in what was British North America in the 1770s who did not agree with the American Revolution.
Many residents of the colonies (possibly a majority) either were not in complete agreement with the Revolution and its leaders, or were against it. Some of them actively worked against it, supporting King George III and the British Government. These people became known as "Tories". In many of the colonies, those who openly expressed being against the Revolution and those who joined militias loyal to King George were declared to be outlaws, and their properties taken away by the people favouring the Revolution.
Some of these people wanted to remain in a place that was still part of the British Empire, so they moved to what is now Canada. In many places there they received a warm welcome and became a valued part of their new home area. Many of them have maintained social groups which are limited to people whose ancestors were some of these people, and they are still called "United Empire Loyalists".
American Revolutionary War
East Quogue, New York

East Quogue is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population was 4,757 at the 2010 census.
References
Census-designated places in New York (state)
Hamlets in New York (state)
Concord, Arkansas

Concord is a town in the state of Arkansas in the United States of America.
Towns in Arkansas
Michael Jeter

Michael Robert Jeter (August 26, 1952 - March 30, 2003) was an American character actor of film, stage, and television. His television roles included Herman Stiles on the sitcom Evening Shade from 1990 until 1994 and Mr. Noodle's brother, Mister Noodle on the Elmo's World segments of Sesame Street from 2000 until 2003. Jeter's film roles include Zelig, Tango & Cash, The Fisher King, Sister Act 2: Back in the Habit,
Waterworld, Air Bud, Patch Adams, The Green Mile, Mousehunt, Jurassic Park III, Welcome to Collinwood, Open Range, and The Polar Express.
Early life
Jeter was born in Lawrenceburg, Tennessee on August 26, 1952. He was a homosexual and was partners with Sean Blue from 1995 until his death in 2003.
Death
Jeter was HIV+. He was found dead on March 30, 2003 in his Hollywood, Los Angeles, California home from complications from epilepsy, he was 50 years old. His remains were cremated.
References
Other websites
1952 births
2003 deaths
Actors from Tennessee
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Deaths from epilepsy
Disease-related deaths in Los Angeles
Emmy Award winning actors
Gay men
LGBT actors
LGBT people from Tennessee
People with HIV/AIDS
Tony Award winning actors
The Karate Kid Part III

The Karate Kid Part III is a 1989 American martial arts drama movie and the second sequel to The Karate Kid (1984). The movie stars Ralph Macchio, Pat Morita, Robyn Lively, and Thomas Ian Griffith in his movie debut. As was the case with the first two movies in the series, it was directed by John G. Avildsen and written by Robert Mark Kamen, with stunts choreographed by Pat E. Johnson and the music composed by Bill Conti. In the movie, the returning John Kreese, with the help of his best friend Terry Silver, tries to get revenge on Daniel LaRusso and Mr. Miyagi which involves hiring a ruthless martial artist and harming their relationship.
Cast
Ralph Macchio as Daniel LaRusso
Noriyuki "Pat" Morita as Mister Miyagi
Robyn Lively as Jessica Andrews
Thomas Ian Griffith as Terry Silver
Martin Kove as John Kreese
Sean Kanan as Mike Barnes
Randee Heller as Lucille LaRusso
Jonathan Avildsen as Snake
Christopher Paul Ford as Dennis
1989 movies
1980s sequel movies
American sequel movies
English-language movies
Martial arts movies
Karate
Movies directed by John G. Avildsen
Villerupt

Villerupt is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in northeastern France.
References
Communes in Meurthe-et-Moselle
Aghione

Aghione is a commune in the Haute-Corse department.
Population
Transport
Road
The D343, D443 and D443A roads pass through the commune.
References
Communes in Haute-Corse
Teen Wolf (2011 TV series)

Teen Wolf is an American TV series. It airs on MTV and in reruns on TeenNick. Season 5 is airing June of 2015.
Premise
Teen Wolf is about Scott McCall, who is bitten by a werewolf in the pilot. He falls in love with Allison Argent, whose family are werewolf hunters. Teaming up with his best friend, Stiles, Scott must learn to deal with being a werewolf while at high school and encountering many different obstacles and beasts.
Main cast
Tyler Posey as Scott McCall
Crystal Reed as Allison Argent (seasons 1-3)
Dylan O'Brien as Stiles Stilinski
Tyler Hoechlin as Derek Hale (seasons 1-4)
Holland Roden as Lydia Martin
Colton Haynes as Jackson Whittemore (seasons 1-2)
Shelley Hennig as Malia Tate (recurring season 3; main seasons 4-6)
Arden Cho as Kira Yukimura (recurring season 3; main seasons 4-5)
Dylan Sprayberry as Liam Dunbar (recurring season 4; main seasons 5-6)
Linden Ashby as Sheriff Stilinski (recurring seasons 1-5; main season 6)
Melissa Ponzio as Melissa McCall (recurring seasons 1-5; main season 6)
J.R. Bourne as Chris Argent (recurring seasons 1-5; main season 6)
Other websites
2011 American television series debuts
2010s American television series
American comedy-drama television series
American fantasy television series
American horror television series
American teen television series
MTV programmes
Television series set in California
English-language television programs
Paradise Lost

Paradise Lost is an epic poem in blank verse by the 17th-century English writer John Milton. It was printed in 1667 though it was written nearly ten years earlier. The second part was printed in 1674. Most of the poem was written after Milton was blind.
The poem is about the Christian story of the Fall of Man: how Adam and Eve got out from the Garden of Eden and about the fallen angel Lucifer.
Notes
Discussion and Information Forum
17th-century English poems
Epic poems