pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Leonardo Santiago

Leonardo Vitor Santiago (born 9 March 1983) is a Brazilian footballer. He plays as a striker for FC Red Bull Salzburg on loan from NAC Breda. He is known as Leonardo.
Career
He started at the Nova Safra football school in Rio de Janeiro. His talent was discovered when he was 11 years old and he went to Europe and played in Feyenoord Rotterdams youth squads at Varkenoord He made his debut on August 19, 2000 in a 2-0 victory over AZ Almaar at the age of 17. This was a problem for Feyenoord and Leonardo because a non EU player is not allowed to play under 18 years. So he had to wait until he was 18. He scored his first goal for the first team versus SC Heerenveen. In his first two seasons at Feyenoord he played 44 matches and scored four goals, but mainly he gave assists for his team mates to score. He was part of the Feyenoord team that won the 2001-02 UEFA Cup.
After this he suffered sever injuries, so he had only 11 matches in three seasons. After problems with the coaches he decided to left Feyenoord. 2006 he joined NAC Breda. After arguments with the coach he left Breda, after nine goals in 14 matches, to go to Ajax Amsterdam. 2009 he went back to Breda. 2011 he was transferred to Red Bull Salzburg on loan.
Club statistics
Honours
Club
Feyenoord
UEFA Cup 2002
Ajax
Dutch Cup 2007
Dutch Super Cup 2007
References
Footballers from Rio de Janeiro
1983 births
Living people
FC Red Bull Salzburg players
Clam

A clam is a type of shellfish. Clams can be found in saltwater and freshwater. This is a common usage term, and so includes quite a variety of shellfish. Clams are a fairly common form of bivalve, therefore making it part of the phylum Mollusc. There are many clams in the ocean, but some can also be found in some lakes, streams, and rivers.
The word 'clam' is often applied to those that are edible and live almost of their lives halfway buried in the seafloor. Clams have two shells of equal size connected by two aductor muscles and have a powerful burrowing foot.
Clams for cooking do not live attached to rocks (whereas oysters and mussels do). Clams are often got by digging and cooked and served as clam chowder. They may be found on menus in restaurants that serve seafood.
Clams eat plankton, and are eaten by small sharks and squid.
Clams have a burrowing foot that they use to dig down into the sand or mud to hide.
The shell has three layers. The top one is called mother-of-pearl because it is a coating of pearl material.
A living freshwater clam can work like a filter in fish tanks to keep the water clean.
Life span
Some clams have life cycles of only one year, while at least one may be over 500 years old. All clams have two calcareous shells or valves joined near a hinge with a flexible ligament, and all are filter feeders.
References
Other websites
Bivalves
Seafood
Naná Vasconcelos

Nana Vasconcelos (2 August 1944 - 9 March 2016) was a Brazilian percussionist, vocalist and berimbau player. He was known for his work as a solo artist on over two dozen albums, He worked with Pat Metheny, Don Cherry, Egberto Gismonti, Gato Barbieri and Milton Nascimento. He was born in Recife, Brazil.
Vasconcelos died in Recife, Brazil from lung cancer on 9 March 2016. He was aged 71.
References
1944 births
2016 deaths
Brazilian musicians
Brazilian singers
Cancer deaths in Brazil
Deaths from lung cancer
People from Recife
1996–97 NHL season

The 1996-97 NHL season was the 80th regular season of the National Hockey League. The Stanley Cup winners were the Detroit Red Wings. They swept the Philadelphia Flyers in four games. The Red Wings had not won the Stanley Cup for 42 years.
Regular season
The Boston Bruins recorded the league's worst record, missing the playoffs for the first time in thirty seasons and ending the longest number of years in a row in the playoffs ever recorded in the history of North American professional sport.
Final standings
Note: W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, GF= Goals For, GA = Goals Against, Pts = Points
Scoring leaders
Note: GP = Games Played, G = Goals, A = Assists, Pts = Points
Stanley Cup playoffs
Playoff bracket
Conference quarterfinals
Eastern Conference
Western Conference
Conference semifinals
Conference finals
Stanley Cup final
Scoring leaders
Note: GP = Games Played, G = Goals, A = Assists, Pts = Points
NHL Awards
The NHL Awards presentation took place on June 19, 1997.
All-Star teams
First games
The following is a list of players of note who played their first NHL game in 1996-97 (listed with their first team, stars(*) mark start in playoffs):
Dwayne Roloson, Calgary Flames
Marc Denis, Colorado Avalanche
Roman Turek, Dallas Stars
Tomas Holmstrom, Detroit Red Wings
Jean-Sebastien Giguere, Hartford Whalers
Tomas Vokoun, Montreal Canadiens
Jay Pandolfo, New Jersey Devils
Bryan Berard, New York Islanders
Wade Redden, Ottawa Senators
Janne Niinimaa, Philadelphia Flyers
Vaclav Prospal, Philadelphia Flyers
Patrick Lalime, Pittsburgh Penguins
Last games
The following is a list of players of note that played their last game in the NHL in 1996-97 (listed with their last team):
Tim Cheveldae, Boston Bruins
Charlie Huddy, Buffalo Sabres
Denis Savard, Chicago Blackhawks
Sergei Makarov, Dallas Stars
Neal Broten, Dallas Stars
Mike Ramsey, Detroit Red Wings
Vladimir Konstantinov, Detroit Red Wings
Dale Hawerchuk, Philadelphia Flyers
Brad McCrimmon, Philadelphia Flyers
Dan Quinn, Pittsburgh Penguins
Joe Mullen, Pittsburgh Penguins
Tim Hunter, San Jose Sharks
Craig MacTavish, St. Louis Blues
Gary Leeman, St. Louis Blues
Jon Casey, St. Louis Blues
Jay Wells, Tampa Bay Lightning
Don Beaupre, Toronto Maple Leafs
Nick Kypreos, Toronto Maple Leafs
Mike Ridley, Vancouver Canucks
References
Hockey Database
NHL.com
National Hockey League seasons
Crawfordville, Florida

Crawfordville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Wakulla County.
Census-designated places in Florida
County seats in Florida
We begin bombing in five minutes

On August 11, 1984, United States President Ronald Reagan was getting ready to make his weekly Saturday radio address on National Public Radio. He was running for re-election at the time. He was testing the microphone before he started to talk, then Reagan made this joke to the radio workers:
My fellow Americans, I'm pleased to tell you today that I've signed legislation that will outlaw Russia forever. We begin bombing in five minutes.
The joke was based on the start of that day's speech:
My fellow Americans, I'm pleased to tell you that today I signed legislation that will allow student religious groups to begin enjoying a right they've too long been denied -- the freedom to meet in public high schools during nonschool hours, just as other student groups are allowed to do.
Many Americans and Soviets were scared about a nuclear attack. Reagan said it was a joke. Though this was not the first time Reagan had joked before giving a speech or address, the Soviets were offended. They started making fun of Reagan.
References
1984 in the United States
1980s in the Soviet Union
Speeches by Ronald Reagan
Heaven Hill

Heaven Hill is a large family-owned distillery in Kentucky. It was started in 1935. It is among the largest producers of alcoholic beverages in the United States. Its is mostly known for producing Bourbon whiskey. Today, it produces different brands of whisky, amongst others Heaven Hill and J.W.Dant. It also produces whiskey for other brands who do not have a distillery of their own. Heaven Hill is the last larger producer of Corn whiskey in the United States.
Organizations based in Kentucky
Alcoholic spirits
Aach, Baden-Württemberg

Aach [] is a small town in the German state of Baden-Wurttemberg. Being situated close to Lake Constance and the Swiss border, it is mostly known for the Aachtopf -- Germany's biggest natural spring in terms of production.
Aach has a city council with twelve seats. The last elections in 2004 brought three seats for the CDU, three seats for the SPD and four seats for independent voters' associations. Aach's mayor is Severin Graf (CDU).
References
Other websites
Aach:History and images
States of the Holy Roman Empire
Konstanz (district)
David Peterson

David Peterson (born December 28, 1943) is a Canadian former was the 20th premier of Ontario from 1985 to 1990. He was the first Liberal to be Premier of Ontario in 42 years. His government lasted until 1990 when his party lost to the Ontario New Democratic Party led by Bob Rae.
References
1944 births
Living people
Politicians from Toronto
Premiers of Ontario
Coccinella septempunctata

The seven-spot ladybird (Coccinella septempunctata) is a colourful beetle. It has red back (wing cases) with seven black spots, black and white head, legs and stomach. As an adult it is 5-8 mm long.
Coccinella septempunctata is the most common lady beetle in Europe. Because it eats harmful insects, people have imported it to North America.
Ladybirds are members of the family Coccinellidae, which is in the infraorder Cucujiformia.
References
Polyphaga
National symbols of Finland
Kelly (given name)

Kelly [ kel-ee ] is a given name and family name. As a given name, Kelly is used mostly for females. However, there are some males with the name.
As a family name, Kelly has many origins. The family name started in the 19th century. It was used for a masculine name in the late 19th century. Feminine use began around 1940. By 1957, it surpassed male usage thanks to American actress Grace Kelly. Kelly is a gender-neutral name that has been in vogue for both male and female individuals for several decades. The name has roots in Ireland and is derived from the Gaelic term "ceallach," which signifies "warrior" or "fighter." Kelly has a fascinating past and is linked with numerous notable personalities, such as actors, musicians, and sportspeople.
Kelly, as a girl's name, was at #900 in 1950. It peaked at #10 around 1977. Kelly is still popular as a girl's name, although it has declined. This name was ranked #849 on the US Popular Names in 2021.
People
Kelly Ayotte, American politician
Kelly Carlson, American actress
Kelly Clarkson, American singer, songwriter, author, and television personality
Kelly Kelly, American professional wrestler, model, dancer and television personality
Kelly Rowland, American singer and actress
References
Surnames
Given names
Torre, Switzerland

Torre was a municipality of the district Blenio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.
It came together with 3 other villages to become the new municipality Blenio.
References
Other websites
Former municipalities of Ticino
2006 disestablishments in Switzerland
Wang Yeping

Wang Yeping (, born February 12, 1928), is the wife of Jiang Zemin, former General Secretary of the Communist Party of China de facto paramount leader and President of the People's Republic of China (de jure head of state), and is a native of Yangzhou, Jiangsu.
References
1928 births
Living people
People from Jiangsu
Madan Tiwary

Madan Tiwary (1923-2011) was an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India from Rajnandgaon, Madhya Pradesh as a member of the Janata Party.
References
Politicians from Madhya Pradesh
1923 births
2011 deaths
St Columb Major

St Columb Major is a small town in Cornwall, United Kingdom. Often referred to locally as St Columb, it is about seven miles (11 km) southwest of Wadebridge and six miles (10 km) east of Newquay.
The full name distinguishes it from the village and parish of St Columb Minor on the coast.
Twice a year the town plays host to the game of "hurling", a medieval game once common in Cornwall but now only played in St Columb and two other towns. It is played on Shrove Tuesday and then again on the Saturday eleven days later. The game involves two teams of several hundred people (the 'townsmen' and the 'countrymen') who attempt to carry a silver ball made of apple wood to goals set two miles (3 km) apart, making the parish the largest pitch for a ball game anywhere in the world.
References
Towns in Cornwall
Civil parishes in Cornwall
Statistician

A statistician is someone who works with theoretical or applied statistics. The profession exists in both the private and public sectors. The core of that work is to measure, interpret, and describe some events in the world and spot patterns within them. The field shares much common history with social science, but often with a greater view on complex mathematical methods. Statisticians commonly have higher college degrees or other credentials as proof that they are qualified for the job.
It is common to combine statistical knowledge with expertise in other subjects. The applications are varied. Statisticians apply their knowledge to production, research, finance, medicine, insurance, census-taking, government, etc. They often are employed to support managerial decisions or to supervise quality control in manufacturing.
Nature of the work
According to the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, as of 2008, there were 22,600 jobs listed as statistician in the United States. Of these people, approximately 30% worked for governments (federal, state, or local). Additionally, there are substantial numbers of persons who use statistics in their work but have job titles other than statistician. The job of statistician is considered a profession. Most statisticians work in offices and have regular working hours and can therefore be considered to be white-collar workers. A lower number of statisticians are self-employed as statistical consultants.
Most employment as a statistician requires a minimum of a masters degree in statistics or a related field. Many professional statisticians have a PhD.
History
Civilizations have used the work of statisticians for thousands of years. Statistics was employed in ancient Egypt in censuses of population and cattle. Typical work might involve developing a model and sampling plans, analyzing survey results, or making agricultural or econometric forecasts.
Related pages
Statistical Process Control
References
Other websites
Statistician entry, Occupational Outlook Handbook, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Careers Center, American Statistical Association
Careers information, Royal Statistical Society (UK)
Listing of tasks and duties - The International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO)
Listings of nature of work etc - O*NET
Science occupations
Jane Powell

Jane Powell (born Suzanne Lorraine Bruce; April 1, 1929 - September 16, 2021) was an American actress. She played the title character in A Date with Judy in 1948. She also played Tess Morgan in Three Daring Daughters (also 1948).
Powell was born in Portland, Oregon. She was married to actor Dickie Moore from 1988 until his death in 2015. Powell died of natural causes in Wilton, Connecticut on September 16, 2021 at the age of 92.
References
American television actors
American movie actors
Actors from Portland, Oregon
1929 births
2021 deaths
American dancers
American stage actors
Singers from Portland, Oregon
Sulphur, Louisiana

Sulphur is a city in Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana, United States. it is a suburb of Lake Charles.
References
Cities in Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana
Vera Venczel

Vera Venczel (born Veronika Venczel; 10 March 1946 - 22 October 2021) was a Hungarian actress. She was best known for her roles in Karpathy Zoltan (1966), Three Nights of Love (1967), Stars of Eger (1968), The Toth Family (1969), The Gambler (1997) and Rokonok (2006). Venczel was born in Budapest, Hungary.
Venczel died on 22 October 2021 in Budapest from problems caused by a hip fracture at the age of 75.
References
Other websites
1946 births
2021 deaths
Hungarian movie actors
Hungarian television actors
Hungarian stage actors
Actors from Budapest
Deaths from fractured hip
Macquarie Island

Macquarie Island is a large island in the Southern Ocean. It is about south east of Tasmania, and about half way between Australia and Antarctica. The island became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992. Macquarie Island is about long and wide. It was first discovered in July 1810, by Captain Hasselburgh, who was searching for places to hunt whales and seals. No people live there now. The only way to get to the island is by sea and there are no harbors to dock a ship.
Geology
The island was formed by two tectonic plates meeting and forcing each other upwards. It is the only place on Earth where rocks from the Earth's mantle, below the ocean floor, are being pushed up above sea level. Confirmation is in this reference under section "Criterion (viii)".
Plants and animals
Many birds and animals use Macquarie Island to breed. About 3.5 million seabirds and 80,000 elephant seals come to the island every year. Four types of penguins live on the island. There are about 850,000 royal penguins, 200,000 king penguins, 10,000 gentoo penguins, and rockhopper penguins with numbers thought to be between 20,000 and 1,000,000.
In 1977 Macquarie Island became a Biosphere Reserve. The coastal ecosystem is recognized as part of UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme.
Related pages
List of World Heritage Sites in Australia
References
Other websites
List of biosphere reserves which are wholly or partially world heritage sites
World Heritage Sites in Australia
Islands of Australia
Australian National Heritage List
Protected areas of Tasmania
Biosphere reserves
Thunbergia

Thunbergia Retz. is a genus of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, native to tropical regions of Africa, Madagascar and southern Asia. Its members are known by various names, including thunbergias; clockvine on its own usually refers to Thunbergia grandiflora, while Thunbergia alata is often known as Black-eyed Susan vine or just Black-eyed Susan (not to be confused with other flowers called Black-eyed Susan). Orange clockvine is the name of Thunbergia gregorii.
Thunbergia was named for Carl Peter Thunberg.
References
Acanthaceae
Couvron-et-Aumencourt

Couvron-et-Aumencourt is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Mississippi

Mississippi is one of the states of the United States. Its capital and largest city is Jackson. The state flower and tree are the magnolia. Other large cities are Biloxi, Greenville, Gulfport, Hattiesburg, Meridian, Pascagoula, Southaven, Tupelo, Starkville, and Vicksburg. It touches Arkansas (by the Mississippi River), Louisiana, Tennessee, and Alabama.
The climate of Mississippi is subtropical.
The first people to settle in Mississippi were Native Americans before the arrival of Europeans. African slaves worked on cotton plantations in the state. Mississippi has the highest percentage of African Americans of any state.
Related pages
Mississippi River
William Faulkner
References
1817 establishments in the United States
Motoki Kawasaki

Motoki Kawasaki (born 2 February 1979) is a Japanese football player. He plays for V-Varen Nagasaki.
Club career statistics
|-
|1997||rowspan="2"|Oita Trinity||rowspan="2"|Football League||15||2||2||0||colspan="2"|-||17||2
|-
|1998||25||5||3||0||colspan="2"|-||28||5
|-
|1999||rowspan="3"|Oita Trinita||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||13||3||2||1||0||0||15||4
|-
|2000||38||5||2||1||2||1||42||7
|-
|2001||11||0||0||0||3||0||14||0
|-
|2001||Gamba Osaka||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|Sagan Tosu||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||39||3||3||0||colspan="2"|-||42||3
|-
|2003||35||4||1||0||colspan="2"|-||36||4
|-
|2004||rowspan="2"|ALO'S Hokuriku||rowspan="2"|Football League||29||9||2||0||colspan="2"|-||31||9
|-
|2005||16||5||1||0||colspan="2"|-||17||5
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|Banditonce Kobe||rowspan="2"|Regional Leagues||13||3||4||0||colspan="2"|-||17||3
|-
|2007||14||7||3||0||colspan="2"|-||17||7
|-
|2008||rowspan="3"|V-Varen Nagasaki||Regional Leagues||17||6||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||17||6
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|Football League||27||2||2||0||colspan="2"|-||29||2
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
292||52||25||2||5||1||322||57
292||52||25||2||5||1||322||57
|}
References
1979 births
Living people
Footballers from Oita Prefecture
Photoflash capacitor

A photo flash capacitor is a capacitor used in the flashes of cameras.
A camera flash works by applying short bursts of high voltage to a type of gas in a glass tube. The electrical energy required is small, but it has to be given very fast because since the flash doesn't last long. An ordinary battery cannot give such a high voltage or give it so fast, so a photo flash capacitor is used. An electronic circuit increases the battery voltage, and charges a capacitor. When the button is pressed, the capacitor releases the stored energy in about a thousandth of a second and makes a bright flash.
Photography
Electricity
Hitzkirch

Hitzkirch is a municipality of the district of Hochdorf in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2009, Gelfingen, Hamikon, Mosen, Muswangen, Retschwil and Sulz joined Hitzkirch.
References
Other websites
Official website of Hitzkirch
Municipalities of Lucerne
Ronald A. Sarasin

Ronald Arthur Sarasin (December 31, 1934 - March 27, 2023) was an American politician. He served two terms in the Connecticut House of Representatives and three terms as a U.S. Representative from 1973 to 1979. He represented Connecticut's 5th congressional district.
In 1978, he was the Republican nominee for Governor of Connecticut. He lost the election to Ella Grasso, the first woman to be elected governor.
Sarasin died on March 27, 2023, at the age of 88.
References
1934 births
2023 deaths
United States representatives from Connecticut
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Politicians from Massachusetts
Adrian, Minnesota

Adrian is a city in Nobles County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 1,209 at the 2010 census.
References
Cities in Minnesota
Connie Mack III

Cornelius Alexander McGillicuddy III (born October 29, 1940), known professionally as Connie Mack III, is an American retired Republican politician. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Florida between 1983 to 1989 and then as a Senator from 1989 to 2001.
He was seen as a candidate for the Republican vice presidential nomination by Bob Dole in 1996 and George W. Bush in 2000.
References
1940 births
Living people
United States representatives from Florida
United States senators from Florida
Politicians from Philadelphia
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Lynwood, Illinois

Lynwood is a village in Cook County, Illinois.
Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Paunzhausen

Paunzhausen is a municipality in the district of Freising in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Freising (district)
Aurich (district)

Aurich is a district (Landkreis) in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the North Sea, the districts of Wittmund and Leer, and the city of Emden.
Cities and municipalities
References
Other websites
Island of Norderney
Island of Juist
Island of Baltrum
Hardeman County, Tennessee

Hardeman County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 25,462 people lived there. The county seat is Bolivar.
References
Tennessee counties
Keith Caple

Keith Caple was a weightlifter from Australia. Keith competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics and the 1956 Summer Olympics. He was born on 6 May 1923 and died on 29 November 2006.
References
Other websites
1923 births
2006 deaths
Australian weightlifters
Australian Olympians
Sportspeople from Sydney
Fourth Dimension (Stratovarius album)

Fourth Dimension is the album by the Finnish power metal band Stratovarius.
Track listing
"Against the Wind" 3:48
"Distant Skies" 4:10
"Galaxies" 5:00
"Winter" 6:32
"Stratovarius" (instrumental) 6:22
"Lord of the Wasteland" 6:11
"030366" 5:46
"Nightfall" 5:09
"We Hold the Key" 7:53
"Twilight Symphony" 6:59
"Call of the Wilderness" 1:30
Band members
Timo Kotipelto - lead vocals, background vocals
Timo Tolkki - guitar, background vocals, engineering, mixing, record producer
Antti Ikonen - keyboards
Tuomo Lassila - drums, arrangement (track 10)
Jari Kainulainen - bass guitar
Marko Vaara - background vocals
Kimmo Blom - background vocals
Kimmo Tullila - strings (track 10)
Marika Bister - strings (track 10)
Petteri Poljarvi - strings (track 10)
Antero Manninen - strings (track 10)
Mika Jussila - mastering
1994 albums
Ryosuke Matsuoka

Ryosuke Matsuoka (born 23 October 1984) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Vissel Kobe.
Club career statistics
|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|Vissel Kobe||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2008||28||0||2||0||6||0||36||0
|-
|2009||29||1||2||0||5||0||36||1
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
57||1||4||0||11||0||72||1
57||1||4||0||11||0||72||1
|}
References
Vissel Kobe
1984 births
Living people
Footballers from Aichi Prefecture
MacArthur (movie)

MacArthur is a 1977 World War II biographical drama movie directed by Joseph Sargent with Gregory Peck playing the part of Douglas MacArthur and stars Ed Flanders and Dan O'Herlihy.
Other websites
1977 drama movies
1970s biographical movies
1977 war movies
American biographical movies
American drama movies
World War II movies
Movies set in the Philippines
Movies directed by Joseph Sargent
DWRX

DWRX (93.1 FM) broadcasting as Monster RX 93.1 is a commercial radio station owned and operated by Audiovisual Communicators. Its soon to be studio will be located at 15 West Avenue, corner Nayong Kanluran, Quezon City and transmitter is located at 17th Floor of Strata 2000 Building., F. Ortigas Jr Road, Ortigas Center, Pasig City.
Radio stations in the Philippines
FrogWatch

FrogWatch is a name shared by citizen science programs that do the same thing. In a FrogWatch, people make recordings of frogs and other amphibians that live near them and send the recordings to databases for scientists and other people to hear and study.
Not all FrogWatch programs are run by the same people. The Association of Zoos and Aquariums runs FrogWatch USA, Nature Canada runs FrogWatch Canada, the India Biodiversity Portal runs the FrogWatch in India, and other organizations run FrogWatches in other countries.
In citizen science, scientists ask ordinary people to help with scientific research or other work. Citizen science is one kind of crowdsourcing.
The National Geographic Society developed the program that FrogWatch USA volunteers use to add information and that FrogWatch uses to study it. Volunteers record temperature with thermometers and listen for sounds made by specific types of frogs and toads. FrogWatch USA volunteers listen to and record frog habitats for three and a half minutes, starting one half-hour (30 minutes) after the sun goes down.
Scientists have used FrogWatch to study the way frogs and toads change the places they live, which types of frogs are becoming more numerous and which are becoming less numerous, how many different kinds of frogs live in one place, the way they react to changes in how hot or cold it is, and the way they act during different parts of the year.
History
The United States Geological Survey started FrogWatch USA in 1998, but the National Wildlife Federation took over in 2002.
Between 1998 and 2005, 1,395 people working with FrogWatch USA visited 1,942 places where frogs live and gave information to FrogWatch. They found 79 different kinds of frogs and toads. This does not count visits, places, or species for FrogWatch Canada or FrogWatches in other countries.
FrogWatch NT works in northern Australia. It started in 1991 after cane toads came to Australia and caused problems there.
Other websites
India Biodiversity Portal
FrogWatch USA
FrogWatch Canada
References
Frogs
Citizen science organizations
Ouanne

Ouanne is a commune. It is in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Abby Elliott

Abigail "Abby" Elliott (born June 16, 1987) is an American actress and comedian. She does impressions of celebrities on television. She played Jeanette Peterson in How I Met Your Mother. She also played Taylor in the 2014 remake movie Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.
Elliott was born in New York City. Her father, Chris Elliott, was on Saturday Night Live in 1994-1995. Her grandfather is comedian Bob Elliott.
References
Actors from New York City
American movie actors
American television actors
Comedians from New York City
1987 births
Living people
Hyacinthe Rigaud

Hyacinthe Rigaud (18 July 1659 - 29 December 1743) was a French Baroque painter. He was of Catalan origin. He was from Paris. He was known for his oil paintings.
Other websites
1659 births
1743 deaths
French painters
Artists from Paris
Loss of citizenship

Loss of citizenship, also referred to as loss of nationality, is the event of ceasing to be a citizen of a country under the nationality law of that country. It is a blanket term covering both involuntary loss of citizenship, such as through denaturalization, as well as voluntary renunciation of citizenship.
Citizenship
Nationality
Moline, Illinois

Moline is a city in Illinois in the United States. It is one of the Quad Cities. As of 2011, about 43,489 people lived there.
References
Cities in Illinois
Ramillies

Ramillies is a municipality in the Belgian province of Walloon Brabant.
In 2007, 5856 people lived there.
It is at 50deg 38 North, 04deg 54 East.
References
Municipalities of Walloon Brabant
Sherri Saum

Sherri M. Saum (born October 1, 1974) is an American actress. Saum is best known for her role as Lena Adams Foster in the Freeform drama series The Fosters (2013-18). She was born in Dayton, Ohio.
Saum is also known for her television roles in Beggars and Choosers, Rescue Me and In Treatment, as well as for her roles in the daytime soap operas Sunset Beach and One Life to Live.
References
Other websites
1974 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Dayton, Ohio
Hyloscirtus antioquia

Hyloscirtus antioquia is a frog. It lives in Colombia in the northern part of the Cordillera Central mountains. Scientists have seen it between 2500 and 3200 meters above sea level. It lives in cloud forests and subparamos.
The adult male frog is 53.4-58.0 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult females frog is 58.6-63.4 mm long. This frog has strong, thick, front legs.
The skin of the frog's back is red-brown in color with orange marks. Toward the back of the body, the skin is yellow. The sides of the legs are black with yellow stripes with some blue-gray on them. The toes are gray with black stripes going across. The climbing disks on the toes are gray. The belly is gray. The iris of the eye is gray with red-brown lines.
There are fewer of this frog than there were. This is because human beings change the places were it lives to build towns and cities. It can also die from disease. The fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis can kill this frog.
The scientific name of this frog is for the Grupo Herpetologico de Antioquia. People are not sure what "antioquia" means, but it might be "mountain of gold."
References
Frogs of South America
Maurice LaMarche

Maurice LaMarche (born March 30, 1958) is a Canadian voice actor and stand-up comedian. He is best known for his voicework in Futurama as Kif Kroker, as Egon Spengler in The Real Ghostbusters, Verminous Skumm and Duke Nukem in Captain Planet and the Planeteers, Big Bob Pataki in Hey Arnold!, Dizzy Devil in Tiny Toon Adventures, The Brain in Animaniacs and Pinky and The Brain, The Powerpuff Girls, and his portrayal of Mr. Freeze in Batman: Arkham City.
Early life
LaMarche was born on March 30, 1958 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, but his family moved to Timmins, Ontario, very soon after he was born. LaMarche's childhood was filled with his "own little world of cartoons and sixties television".
Roles in television, film, and video games
References
Other websites
Interview with Maurice LaMarche on "The Joe Cook Program"
Maurice LaMarche Interview on Talk Radio Meltdown
1958 births
Living people
Actors from Toronto
Canadian comedians
Canadian movie actors
Canadian television actors
Canadian voice actors
Emmy Award winning actors
Atomic number

The atomic number (symbol: Z) of an atom is the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. The atomic number of an atom identifies which element it is. In a neutral atom, the atomic number is equal to the number of electrons orbiting the nucleus. The elements of the periodic table are listed in order of increasing atomic number.
Atomic number is not the same as:
atomic mass (symbol: ma), which is the mass of a single atom, commonly expressed in unified atomic mass units
mass number (symbol: A), which is the sum of the number of protons and number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
relative atomic mass (also called atomic weight; symbol: Ar), which is the ratio of the average mass per atom of an element from a given sample to 1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom.
The atomic number of the periodic table directly corresponds to the number of protons which is in the atom. Once another proton is added, it is no longer the same element. The same cannot be applied to when another neutron or another electron is added. Adding more electrons will give the atom a negative charge and removing electrons will give the atom a positive charge. Metals tend to lose electrons, which creates a positive charge. Non-metals tend to gain electrons, forming a negative charge. Electrons are the foundation for determining how compounds are formed among atoms.
Adding or removing neutrons within an atom changes its isotope. As an example, carbon-12 is the most stable isotope for a carbon atom. However, we can add two more neutrons and carbon-12 is now carbon-14, a less stable isotope of carbon. The number of an isotope directly correlates to the atomic mass of an element. The amount of neutrons in any given atom by subtracting the atomic number from the atomic mass.
For example, oxygen has 8 protons. The atomic number is the number of protons an element has. So, if an unidentified element has 8 protons, then it is oxygen. This is because each element has a certain number of protons. If an element had 9 protons, it would not be oxygen, but an element can have 8 protons, and 9 neutrons and still be considered oxygen; we call this an isotope.
References
Related pages
Henry Moseley
Chemistry
Nuclear physics
Liuzhangli metro station

Liuzhangli is a metro station on the Wenhu Line in Taipei, Taiwan. The station code of this station is BR07.
Station layout information
The platforms are above ground level. Platform 1 is for Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center and Platform 2 is for Taipei Zoo.
Around the station
Ministry of Justice Taipei City Investigations Office
Liuzhangli Market
Martial Law Era Victims Memorial Park
Far Eastern Business Center
Jianan Elementary School
George Vocational High School of Taipei
Taiwan Mobile Building
Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research
The Mall
Taipei Metro
Scale (ratio)

The scale of a map shows the ratio between the distances on the map and the corresponding distances in reality. For example, a map of scale 1:50,000 shows a distance of 50,000 cm (or 500 m) as 1 cm on a map. A 1:25 scale model of a building with a height of 30 m has a model height of 1.20 m.
When a drawing or model or photograph of an object is larger or smaller than the original, the scale represents how much the object has been "grown" or "shrunk".
Scale bars
Scale bars for microscopic or unusual objects are necessary. They help readers to understand the diagram.
Related pages
Proportionality
Scale (map)
Measurement
Real Girl

Real Girl is the debut studio album by English singer and songwriter Mutya Buena. It was released on 4 June 2007 via Universal Records, following her departure from UK girl group the Sugababes in December 2005. The album features guest appearances from fellow soul singers George Michael and Amy Winehouse as well as from dance group Groove Armada. The music on the album was described as "danceable R&B".
Critical reception
Real Girl received mixed reviews from music critics.
Track listing
Charts and certifications
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
References
2007 albums
Debut albums
R&B albums
Chris Osgood

Christopher John Osgood (born November 26, 1972 in Peace River, Alberta) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender that played a career total of 18 seasons in the NHL most notably with the Detroit Red Wings. He spent the first part of his career with Detroit, and then played for the New York Islanders and the St. Louis Blues during his 14-year NHL career before returning to Detroit in 2005. He has won three Stanley Cup championships in his career, all with the Red Wings, two of them while he was the starting goaltender. He announced his retirement on July 19, 2011 but will remain with the Red Wings organization.
Career statistics
Other websites
1972 births
American Hockey League players
Brandon Wheat Kings players
Canadian ice hockey goaltenders
Detroit Red Wings players
Ice hockey people from Alberta
Living people
Medicine Hat Tigers players
New York Islanders players
Seattle Thunderbirds players
St. Louis Blues players
Stanley Cup champions
Adrián Puentes

Adrian Andres Puentes Perezis an archer from Cuba. He was born on 3 July 1988. Puentes competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
References
Other websites
1988 births
Living people
Cuban archers
Cuban Olympians
Rigaud, Alpes-Maritimes

Rigaud, Alpes-Maritimes is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the south of France.
Communes in Alpes-Maritimes
Ed Wood

Edward Davis "Ed" Wood, Jr. (October 10, 1924 - December 10, 1978) was an American director, producer, screenwriter, actor, author, and editor who is known for his works in low-budget horror or fantasy movies and is also known for his works with Bela Lugosi. Wood is considered one of the worst movie directors of all time. His most famous were Plan 9 from Outer Space, Bride of the Monster and Glen or Glenda.
Wood was born in Poughkeepsie, New York on October 10, 1924. At a young age, because his mother had wanted a girl, he was forced to dress up as a girl and would have that crossdressing habit for the rest of his life. Wood had a lifelong attraction to the feel of angora.
Wood was married to Norma McCarty in 1956 until they divorced several months later. Then he married Kathy O'Hara in 1956. They were married until his death in 1978. Wood had an illigitimate daughter from a 1946 relationship who lived in NY.
Wood died on December 10, 1978 in Los Angeles, California from a heart attack, aged 54.
A 1994 movie was released based on Wood's life directed by Tim Burton. Johnny Depp played Wood in the movie.
References
Other websites
1924 births
1978 deaths
Actors from New York (state)
American movie actors
American movie editors
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Movie directors from New York (state)
Movie producers from New York (state)
Screenwriters from New York (state)
People from Poughkeepsie, New York
Bremerton, Washington

Bremerton is a city in Kitsap County, Washington, United States. The population was 41,500 according to the 2018 State Estimate. It is the largest city on the Kitsap Peninsula. Bremerton is connected to Downtown Seattle by two ferries.
References
Cities in Washington (state)
Livingston Parish, Louisiana

Livingston Parish (French: Paroisse de Livingston) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. Livingston Parish is known as one of the six Florida Parishes, a region of the State of Louisiana that was bought from Spanish Florida.
Livingston Parish is part of the Baton Rouge, LA Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2010 census, the population was 128,026. Its parish seat is located in the City of Livingston.
References
1830s establishments in Louisiana
1832 establishments in the United States
1921 Netherlands–Germany international aquatics competitions

The Dutch water polo and swimming club and the Dutch swimmer Rie Beisenherz went in August 1921 to Germany to compete in international aquatics competitions. International competitions were held on 6 August in Essen, on 8 August in Duisburg and on 10 August in Barmen. Swimming competitions and water polo matches were held.
Preparations
Initially the tour of De Dolfijn was scheduled from 5 to 12 August 1921, with a total of six matches starting in Essen and ending in Ohligs. However it was adjusted to less matches between 6 to 10 August.
6 August - Essen
International aquatics competitions took place on 6 August 1921 in Essen, Germany. The Dutch Marie Beisenherz of the Amsterdamsche Dames Zwemclub (ADZ) won the 100 metres breaststroke in a time of 1:28.8. In the relay event both teams finished in the same time. Because the German team didn't want to do a race again, became the winner. Awater polo match between De Dolfijn and Essener Schwimmverein was won by the Dutch team with 5-1.
Swimming
Water polo
8 August - Duisburg
On 8 August internationals competitions were organized by (Amateur-Schwimm-Club Duisburg). De Dolfijn won the water polo match with 9-0 and won also the relay race. The Dutch Rie Beisenherz won the 100 metre breaststroke event.
Swimming
Water polo
10 August - Barmen
The last completion of De Dolfijn in Germany was on 10 August in Barmen. The water polo team won with 2-0 against Schwimmverein Barmen. Rie Beisenherz won the 100 metre breaststroke event in a time of 1:25.4.
Swimming
Water polo
References
1921 in sports
Sport in Germany
Sport in the Netherlands
Women's sports
1921 in Europe
1920s in Germany
Swimming
Water polo
Jenny Lind

Jenny Lind (Johanna Maria Lind, Stockholm, 6 October 1820 - Wynd's Point, Herefordshire, 2 November 1887) was a Swedish opera singer. She was nicknamed the "Swedish Nightingale". She was in great demand in opera roles throughout Sweden and northern Europe during the 1840s, and became the protegee of Felix Mendelssohn. After two acclaimed seasons in London, she announced her retirement from opera at the age of 29.
In 1850, Lind went to America at the invitation of the showman P. T. Barnum. She gave 93 concerts for him and then continued to tour under her own management. She donated her proceeds to charities, mainly the endowment of free schools in Sweden. With her husband, Otto Goldschmidt, she returned to Europe in 1852. They had three children. She gave occasional concerts over the next two decades, settling in England in 1855. From 1882, for some years, she was a professor of singing at the Royal College of Music in London. She was the inspiration for Hans Christian Andersen's "The Nightingale". Lind died on 2 November 1887 in Herefordshire, England, of cancer. She is buried in the Great Malvern Cemetery.
Other websites
Profile about Jenny Lind
The jennylind.org website
Cancer deaths in England
Swedish opera singers
Singers from Stockholm
1820 births
1887 deaths
Alexander Arutiunian

Alexander Arutiunian (born September 23, 1920, Yerevan; died March 28, 2012) was an Armenian composer and pianist, widely-known particularly for his Trumpet concerto. He was awarded by the State Prizes of USSR (1949) and Armenia (1970), People's Artist of the USSR (1970) and Armenian SSR (1964) honorary titles, "St Mesrop Mashtots" and "Khorenatsi" Armenian medals, "Alexandrov" Gold medal (1976), "St Sahak and St Mesrop" Order by Holy Etchmiadzin (2004).
He graduated from the Music Conservatory of Yerevan, then he studied composition with Genrikh Litinsky. After graduation he returned to Yerevan to teach at the local Conservatory and later he became artistic director of the Armenian Philarmonic Orchestra.
In 1948 he was awarded the USSR State Prize for the Motherland cantata, a graduation piece he wrote as a student at the Moscow Conservatory. He has continued to win acclaim at home and abroad for his works, many of which are quickened by the folk traditions of Armenian music.
Some of Arutiunian's works for wind instruments, notably the 1950 concerto for trumpet, the concerto for tuba, and the brass quintet Armenian Scenes, have secured their place in the international repertory, having been performed by conductors such as Valeri Gergiev, who has recorded his Symphony for large orchestra, composed in 1957 with the Symphony orchestra of the Russian All-Union Radio. In 1988, he composed his Violin Concerto "Armenia-88".
Filmography
Music for Films
Nahapet (1977) (as Life Triumphs in USA)
Za chas do rassveta (An Hour Before the Dawn, 1973, TV)
Sirtn e yergum (The Heart Sings, 1957)
Urvakannere heranum en lernerits (Ghosts Leave the Peaks, 1955)
Aleph, lectures contades (2000) Italian TV episode (soundtrack: "Concerto for trombone and orchestra")
As Actor
Lalvari vorskane (Lalvar Hunter, 1967) as Zako
Other websites
www.alexanderarutiunian.com
List of works
Arutiunian's 85th Birthday Concert in Yerevan
Arutunian at IMDB
References
1920 births
2012 deaths
Armenian composers
People from Yerevan
20th-century composers
21st-century composers
Pianists
Soča

The Isonzo/Soca (; ; ) is a river that flows through western Slovenia and northeastern Italy.
An Alpine river in character, its source lies in the Julian Alps in Slovenia and enters the Adriatic Sea close to the Italian town of Monfalcone.
Geography
The Soca river has a length of , in Slovenia and in Italy.
Its drainage basin has a pronounced mountainous character with an average elevation of about above sea level, and an area of , (66%) in Slovenia and (34%) in Italy.
The watershed of this river is one of the few places where the marble trout (Salmo marmoratus) is found.
Course
The source of the Soca lies in the Trenta Valley in the Julian Alps in northwestern Slovenia, at an altitude of . The river flows through the western part of Triglav National Park. Then it flows to the south past the Slovenian towns of Bovec, Kobarid, Tolmin, Kanal ob Soci and Nova Gorica (where it is crossed by the Solkan Bridge); here, at an altitude of , the river crosses the border and gets into Italy.
In Italy, the Soca, now called Isonzo, flows through several comuni of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region. Theses comuni are:
Province of Gorizia: Gorizia, Savogna d'Isonzo, Farra d'Isonzo, Gradisca d'Isonzo, Sagrado, Fogliano Redipuglia, Villesse, San Pier d'Isonzo, Turriaco, San Canzian d'Isonzo, Staranzano, Grado.
Province of Udine: Only one comune, Fiumicello; the river flows through a small part of this comune that borders with the province of Gorizia.
Finally, it flows into the Gulf of Trieste (Adriatic Sea) in the Riserva Naturale della Foce dell'Isonzo ("Natural Reserve of the Mouth of the Isonzo"), to the southwest of the town of Monfalcone.
Main tributaries
Left tributaries
Idrijca - long; it joins the Soca river in Most na Soci, a town in the municipality of Tolmin.
Vipava - long; it joins the Soca river in the municipality of Savogna d'Isonzo, Italy.
Right tributaries
Torre - long;
History
The valley of the Soca river was the place where several battles were fought in World War I between May 1915 and November 1917, in which over 300,000 Austro-Hungarian and Italian soldiers lost their lives.
Gallery
Related pages
List of rivers of Italy
List of rivers of Slovenia
References
Other websites
Soca River - The Official Travel Guide by Slovenian Tourist Board.
Autorita di bacino Isonzo, Tagliamento, Livenza, Piave, Brenta-Bacchiglione .
Laboratorio Isonzo .
Soca Valley: Kobarid and Tolmin
Soca River Whitewater Rafting
Kajaking in the Soca river
Rivers of Italy
Rivers of Slovenia
369

Year 369 (CCCLXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Roman Empire
Spring - Emperor Valens crosses the Danube at Noviodunum (Romania), and attacks the Gothic tribes (Greuthungi and Tervingi). Their king Athanaric is defeated and 'forced to flee for his life'. He asks for peace. The treaty includes free trade and an agreement to provide troops for tribute.
Fritigern becomes king of the Visigoths. He asked Valens and the Thracian army for help. They end the civil war, and Fritigern becomes Christian.
Persia
Persian King Shapur II occupies the pro-Roman kingdom of Armenia.
Asia
Chinese troops of the Jin Dynasty are defeated by Former Yan of the Xianbei.
Goguryeo invades Baekje.
By topic
Arts and sciences
Wulfila makes a Gothic alphabet composed of letters based on Greek and Roman letters, as well as some Germanic runes. He converts the Goths to ("Arian") Christianity.
Births
Huan Xuan, warlord and emperor of the Jin Dynasty (d. 404)
Deaths
360s
Otto von Guericke

Otto von Guericke (; originally spelled Gericke, ; November 20, 1602 - May 11, 1686 (Julian calendar); November 30, 1602 - May 21, 1686 (Gregorian calendar)) was a German scientist, inventor, and politician. He was known for his work about the physics of vacuums.
References
1602 births
1686 deaths
German physicists
Scientists from Saxony-Anhalt
German politicians