pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Praveen Kumar Sobti

Praveen Kumar Sobti (6 December 1947 - 7 February 2022) was an Indian hammer and discus thrower, actor and politician. Sobti was born in Punjab, India.
As an athlete he won four medals at the Asian Games, including two gold medals, won a silver medal in the Commonwealth Games and competed in the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics. As an actor, he was known for his role as Bheem in Mahabharat.
As a politician he ran in the 2013 Delhi Legislative elections on an Aam Aadmi Party ticket, but lost. In 2014, he joined the Bharatiya Janata Party.
Sobti died on 7 February 2022 in New Delhi, India from cardiac arrest, aged 74.
References
1947 births
2022 deaths
Indian athletes
Indian Olympians
Hammer throwers
Discus throwers
Indian movie actors
Indian television actors
Politicians from New Delhi
Thad Cochran

William Thad Cochran (December 7, 1937 - May 30, 2019) was an American politician. He was a United States senator of Mississippi. He became senator in 1978 until 2018. Cochran is a member of the United States Republican Party.
On March 5, 2018, he announced his intention to resign from the Senate on April 1 for health reasons.
Almost a year later from his retirement, Cochran died on May 30, 2019 at a nursing home in Oxford, Mississippi at the age of 81. The cause of death was renal failure.
References
Other websites
1937 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from renal failure
Disease-related deaths in Mississippi
American Baptists
Lawyers from Mississippi
United States representatives from Mississippi
United States senators from Mississippi
People from Pontotoc, Mississippi
Republican Party (United States) politicians
20th-century American politicians
21st-century American politicians
Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (1996–2001)

The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Pashto: d fGnstn slmy mrt, Da Afganistan Islami Amarat) is an Islamic state governed by the Taliban that is the de facto current government of Afghanistan since 2021, has also ruled the country from 1996 to 2001.
Between 1996 and 2001, it controlled approximately 90% of the country as an insurgency, whereas remaining regions in the northeast were held by the Northern Alliance, which maintained broad international recognition as a continuation of the Islamic State of Afghanistan. After the September 11 attacks and subsequent declaration of a "War on Terrorism" by the United States, international opposition to the regime drastically increased, with diplomatic recognition from the United Arab Emirates and Pakistan being rescinded.
The Islamic Emirate was overthrown by the Northern Alliance on 17 December 2001, which had been bolstered by the ISAF coalition established after a U.S.-led invasion of the country two months prior. The Taliban has continued to refer to itself as the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan in official communications from 2001 until 2021.
During the 2021 Taliban offensive, the Islamic Emirate regained effective control of the governance of Afghanistan following the Fall of Kabul on 15 August 2021.
Related pages
Cabinet of Afghanistan
IEA
References
Current dictatorships
History of Afghanistan
IG Field

IG Field, which used to be called the Investors Group Field, is a football stadium in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It opened in 2013. It is located on the University of Manitoba campus next to University Stadium. IG Field is owned by Triple B Stadium Inc., a group which includes the City of Winnipeg, the Province of Manitoba, the Winnipeg Football Club and the University of Manitoba. The stadium is home to the Winnipeg Blue Bombers (Canadian Football League), Valour FC (Canadian Premier League), the University of Manitoba Bisons football team, and the Winnipeg Rifles (CJFL).
The stadium can hold 33,500 people, and is partially covered. It has a corrugated metal roof, restaurant, 52 suites, walk of fame and other amenities.
References
Sports buildings
Sport in Manitoba
Volkswagen Crafter

The Volkswagen Crafter is a series of vans and buses which is a rebadged Mercedes Sprinter. It replaced the Volkswagen LT in 2006. In 2016, a new Crafter was unveiled but now it's Volkswagen's own van and no longer a rebadged Sprinter.
Engines
2.5 TDI 65 kW (88 hp)
2.5 TDI 80 kW (109 hp)
2.5 TDI 100 kW (136 hp)
2.5 TDI 120 kW (163 hp)
Vans
Buses
Crafter
Annual plant

In Botany, an annual plant is a plant that usually germinates, flowers and dies in one year. True annuals will only live longer than a year if they are prevented from setting seed. Some seedless plants can also be considered annuals even though they do not flower.
In gardening, annual often refers to a plant grown outdoors in the spring and summer and surviving just for one growing season.
Many food plants are, or are grown as, annuals, including most domesticated grains. Some perennials and biennials are grown in gardens as annuals for convenience, particularly if they are not considered cold hardy for the local climate. Carrot, celery and parsley are true biennials that are usually grown as annual crops for their edible roots, petioles and leaves, respectively. Tomato, sweet potato and bell pepper are tender perennials usually grown as annuals.
Ornamental annuals are often called bedding plants. Annuals are often used in gardens to provide splashes of color, as they tend to have a longer season of bloom than hardy herbaceous perennials.
Examples of true annuals include corn, lettuce, pea, cauliflower, watermelon, bean, zinnia and marigold.
Summer annuals
Summer annuals sprout, flower and die within the same spring/summer/fall. The lawn weed, crabgrass, is a summer annual.
Related pages
Biennial plant
Perennial plant
References
Eduard Strasburger, Peter Sitte, Elmar Weiler, Andreas Bresinsky, Christian Korner: Lehrbuch der Botanik fur Hochschulen. Heidelberg 2002 (35.).
Botany
Types of plants
Club Tijuana

The Club Tijuana Xoloitzcuintles de Caliente, commonly referred tae as Xolos de Tijuana, or Xolos, is a Mexican football club from Tijuana, Baja California.
Honours
Domestic competitions
Liga MX: 1Apertura 2012
Liga de Ascenso: 1
Apertura 2010
Promotional Final: 1Campeon de Ascenso 2010-2011
Friendly competitionsSan Diego Clasico: 3 2011, 2012, 2013Los Angeles Clasico: 1'''
2013
References
Mexican football clubs
Baja California (state)
2007 establishments
2000s establishments in Mexico
COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic spread to Saudi Arabia on March 2, 2020, when the Ministry of Health confirmed the first case in the kingdom.
By April 8, as many as 150 members of the Saudi royal family had tested positive. The king's nephew, Faisal bin Bandar Al Saud, has been put in the intensive care unit over coronavirus problems.
As of November 25, the country had 355,741 confirmed cases, the highest among the Arabian Gulf States with 344,311 recoveries and 5,811 deaths.
References
History of Saudi Arabia
Saudi
Riau Islands

The Riau Islands is a province in Indonesia. Tanjung Pinang is its capital city. Its official language is Riau. In 2007, the population was around 1,392,900.
Sources
Other websites
Islands of Indonesia
Provinces of Indonesia
Sumatra
Lynn Stout

Lynn A. Stout (September 14, 1957 - April 16, 2018) was an American corporate law scholar. She was the Distinguished Professor of Corporate & Business Law at the Cornell Law School. Before, she worked as Professor of Corporate and Securities Law at UCLA Law School. Her work was about researching, writing on, and teaching about corporate law, securities and derivatives regulation, law and economics, and prosocial behavior and law.
Stout died on April 16, 2018 at the age of 61 of cancer.
References
Other websites
Webpage at Cornell University
1957 births
2018 deaths
Educators from California
Cancer deaths in California
Writers from California
Giro Manoyan

Giro (Kiro) Manoyan () is an Armenian politician, one of the leaders of ARF Dashnaktsutiun and the head of Armenian Cause Office.
Manoyan attended and finished Concordia University in Montreal, Canada. In the 1980s he was the Executive Director of the Armenian National Committee of Canada. From 1989 to 1999, he edited the Horizon Weekly Armenian newspaper. Since 2000, he is the Director of the International Secretariat of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation Bureau in Yerevan.
References
Other websites
An interview with Kiro Manoyan
Armenian politicians
Living people
1962 births
People from Beirut
Abbey Lincoln

Anna Marie Wooldridge (August 6, 1930 - August 14, 2010), known professionally as Abbey Lincoln, was an American jazz vocalist, songwriter, and actress. She was a civil rights activist beginning in the 1960s. Lincoln made a career out of delivering deeply felt presentations of standards as well as writing and singing her own material.
References
1930 births
2010 deaths
I Saw the Light (Todd Rundgren song)

"I Saw the Light" is a 1972 song by Todd Rundgren and is the opening track from his third studio album Something/Anything?. It went to number 15 in Canada, number 16 in the United States, number 21 in Australia and number 36 in the United Kingdom.
References
1972 songs
Todd Rundgren songs
Hal Ketchum songs
Soft rock songs
Power pop songs
Natasha Yarovenko

Natalia "Natasha" Yarovenko (; born 23 July 1979) is a Ukrainian actress and model. She was born in Odessa, Ukraine.
In 2011 Yarovenko won two awards for the Best New Actress for her role in the movie Room in Rome, one at the Turia Awards and the other at the 25th Goya Awards.
References
Other websites
Goya Award winners
1981 births
Living people
Movie actors
Television actors
Models
People from Odesa
List of governors of South Carolina

The Governor of the State of South Carolina is the head of state for the state of South Carolina. Under the South Carolina Constitution, the governor is also the head of government, serving as the chief executive of the South Carolina executive branch.
The governor is the ex officio commander-in-chief of the National Guard when not called into federal use. The governor's responsibilities include making yearly "State of the State" addresses to the South Carolina General Assembly, submitting an executive budget and ensuring that state laws are enforced.
Henry McMaster is the Governor of South Carolina since January 2017.
The only female governor in South Carolina is Nikki Haley.
This is a list of South Carolina governors.
Colonial period (1670-1775)
Statehood period (1776-present)
Presidents under the Articles of Confederation
The General Assembly chose the President for a term of two years.
Parties
Governors under the Articles of Confederation
The General Assembly chose the Governor for a term of two years.
Parties
Governors under the Constitution of 1790
The General Assembly chose the Governor for a term of two years.
Parties
Governors under the Constitution of 1865
First Constitution of South Carolina to provide for the direct election of the Governor.
Parties
Governors under the Constitution of 1868
Parties
Governors under the Constitution of 1895
Parties
Other high offices held
This is a table of congressional seats, other federal offices, other governorships, and other high offices held by governors. All representatives and senators mentioned represented South Carolina except where noted. *denotes those offices which the governor resigned to take.
Living former U.S. governors of South Carolina
, there are six former U.S. governors of South Carolina who are currently living at this time, the oldest U.S. governor of South Carolina being Ernest "Fritz" Hollings (served 1959-1963, born 1922). The most recent U.S. governor of South Carolina to die was James Burrows Edwards (served 1975-1979, born 1927), on December 26, 2014. The most recently serving governor to die was Carroll A. Campbell, Jr. (served 1987-1995, born 1940) on December 7, 2005.
Related pages
Governor of South Carolina
South Carolina gubernatorial elections
List of lieutenant governors of South Carolina
List of United States senators from South Carolina
List of United States representatives from South Carolina
References
Governors of South Carolina
Jones Creek, Texas

Jones Creek is a village in the U.S. state of Texas.
Villages in Texas
Alstom R160A and Kawasaki R160B

The R160A and R160B are types of New York City Subway cars made by Alstom and Kawasaki. They were made in 2005 and delivered in 2006. By 2010 all units were in New York and were assigned to multiple routes on the New York City Subway. They are new technology types. The R160A is numbered from 8313 to 9974 and the R160B is numbered from 8713 to 9942. They were both built to run on the NYC Subway B division Lines (lettered services). There are 4 types of R160s, they are the R160A-1, R160A-2, R160B-1, R160B-2.
Rolling stock
New York City Subway
Newhalen, Alaska

Newhalen is a city in Alaska. According to the 2000 census, there are 160 people living in Newhalen.
References
Cities in Alaska
Monte Alto solar power plant

The Monte Alto photovoltaic power plant in Spain has a generating capacity of 9.55 megawatts peak (MWp) and will generate 14 million kilowatt-hours of electricity per year. It cost 65 million Euros [US$87 million].
The plant covers an area of 51 hectares on agricultural land near the locality of Milagro (Navarre) and contains 889 solar structures, of which 864 have automated solar tracking. The rest are fixed structures adapted to the terrain.
Related pages
Photovoltaics
Renewable energy
Solar power in Spain
Solar cell
References
Solar power plants
Buildings and structures in Spain by type
Georges Pernoud

Georges Alexis Pernoud (11 August 1947 - 10 January 2021) was a French journalist, television presenter and television producer. He was known for presenting his television documentary Thalassa from 1980 to 2017. He was born in Rabat, Morocco.
Pernoud died in Paris on 10 January 2021, aged 73.
References
1947 births
2021 deaths
French journalists
French television presenters
Television producers
St Hugh's College, Oxford

St Hugh's College is one of the colleges of the University of Oxford, named after St Hugh, Bishop of Lincoln. It is located on a fourteen and a half acre site to the north of the city centre. It was founded in 1886 as a college for women, and its first male students were admitted in its centenary year in 1986. It has a reputation as one of the more attractive colleges because of its extensive, pleasant gardens. The college celebrated its 125th anniversary in 2011. The college has 418 undergraduates and 205 postgraduate students. The Principal is Elish Angiolini.
Alumni
Aung San Suu Kyi
Theresa May
Ghil'ad Zuckermann
References
Websites
Homepage
Colleges of the University of Oxford
1886 establishments in England
Ojo

Ojo is a town and local government area in Lagos State, Nigeria. The town is traditionally ruled by the Olojo of Ojo. Alaba International Market and Lagos State University are located there.
References
Settlements in Lagos State
Local Government Areas in Lagos State
1916 South American Championship

The 1916 South American Championship was the first South American Championship and it took place in Argentina. Uruguay won the tournament.
Teams
At the time, CONMEBOL only had four members:
Results
Statistics
Top scorers
3 goals
Isabelino Gradin
2 goals
Juan Domingo Brown
Alberto Marcovecchio
Alberto Ohaco
Jose Piendibene
1 goal
Jose Laguna
Alencar
Demosthenes
Arthur Friedenreich
Telesforo Baez
Hernando Salazar
Jose Tognola
Other websites
South American Championship 1916 at RSSSF
Copa America tournaments
1916
1910s in sports
20th century in Argentina
1910s in South America
July events
Abbas (photographer)

Abbas Attar (; full name: 'Abbas 'Attar) (29 March 1944 - 25 April 2018) was an Iranian photographer. He was known for his photojournalism in Biafra, Vietnam and South Africa in the 1970s. He was a member of Sipa from 1971 to 1973, a member of Gamma from 1974 to 1980, and joined Magnum Photos in 1981.
Abbas died of complications from diabetes in Paris on 25 April 2018 at the age of 74.
Books
Iran, la revolution confisquee, Cletrat, Paris, 1980
Retornos a Oapan, FCE Rio de Luz, Mexico, 1986
Return to Mexico, W. W. Norton, New York, 1992
Allah O Akbar, voyages dans l'Islam militant, Phaidon, London, 1994
Allah O Akbar, a journey through militant Islam, Phaidon, London, 1994
Viaggio negli Islam del Mondo, Contrasto, Roma, 2002
Voyage en chretientes, La Martiniere, Paris, 2000
Faces of Christianity, A. Abrams, New York, 2000
Glaube-liebe-hoffnung, Knesebeck, Munchen, 2000
IranDiary 1971-2002, Autrement, Paris, 2002
IranDiario 1971-2005, Sagiattore, Milano, 2006
Abbas, I Grandi Fotografi di Magnum, Hachette, Milan, 2005
Sur la Route des Esprits, Delpire, Paris, 2005
The children of Abraham, (exhibition catalogue), Intervalles, Paris, 2006
In Whose Name?, Thames & Hudson, London, 2009
Ali, le Combat, Sonatines, Paris, 2011
Les Enfants du lotus, voyage chez les bouddhistes, De la Martiniere, Paris, 2011
References
1944 births
2018 deaths
Iranian photographers
Photojournalists
Chromo, Colorado

Chromo is an unincorporated town and U.S. Post Office in Archuleta County, Colorado, United States. The Chromo Post Office has the ZIP Code 81128.
Geography
Chromo is located at (37.036818,-106.843243).
References
Unincorporated communities in Colorado
Gravellona Toce

Gravellona Toce is a comune in the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola in the Italian region of Piedmont.
Settlements in Piedmont
Typhoon Megi (2010)

Typhoon Megi (called Juan in the Philippines) was a strong tropical cyclone in the western Pacific Ocean. It was one of the most intense tropical cyclones ever. The storm started on October 13, 2010. It became a typhoon the following day.
The storm first touched land on Luzon on October 18. Thirty-one people died. Damage was over $255 million (2010 USD).
The storm also affected Taiwan and southeastern China. Overall damage was $709 million. Almost 70 people were killed.
Megi had winds sustained at 185 mph.
2010 in weather
2010 in China
2010 in the Philippines
Pacific typhoons
Ally Carter

Ally Carter is the pen name of Sarah Leigh Fogleman (born January 1, 1974), She went to Oklahoma State University and Cornell University. Carter began writing at age 12. She published her first book in 2005, Cheating at Solitaire. S. E. Hinton's The Outsiders made her interested in writing. Carter first was a screenwriter, then started writing novels. Some of her books were My True Love Gave to Me, Double Crossed, Learning to Play Gin and Cheating At Solitaire. She also wrote two series, the Gallagher Girls Books and Heist Society Books. All Fall Down came out on January 20, 2015 to start her new series, Embassy Row.
Carter writes about teenage spies and thieves. Her books have been sold in over 20 languages. It takes her four to six weeks to write one story, but she spends much more time editing the stories. Her books have appeared on several best sellers lists, such as the New York Times, as well as sold over two million copies in the United States alone.
References
"FAQS." Ally Carter. N.p., 28 May 2014. Web. 23 Mar. 2015.
"Detailed Bio." Ally Carter. N.p., 27 Jan. 2012. Web. 23 Mar. 2015.
"Ally Carter." Amazon.com: : Books, Biography, Blog, Audiobooks, Kindle. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Mar. 2015.
"Q & A with Ally Carter." PublishersWeekly.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Mar. 2015.
"Miss Erin." : WBBT Interview: Ally Carter. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Mar. 2015.
1974 births
Living people
Writers from Oklahoma
American bloggers
Bellevigny

Bellevigny is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Belleville-sur-Vie (the seat) and Saligny.
References
2016 establishments in France
Communes in Vendee
Fraser T Smith

Fraser Thorneycroft-Smith (born 8 February 1971) is a London-based music producer and songwriter. It was in the 1990s when he began playing guitar in the studio, recording over 300 releases with artists such as Jamiroquai, Tim Deluxe, Rui Da Silva, Rita Ora, Adele, Stormzy, N-Dubz, Dave and Rick Wakeman. In 2000, Fraser met with a then not-as-famous Craig David, and began performing acoustically around the world. Craig and Fraser also formed Treats, a remix team specialising in UK garage and R&B. Having toured consistently for over 15 years, Fraser turned his attention to producing and writing full time and began working with Kano. The pair wrote and produced "Typical Me" and "Signs in Life" amongst others on Kano's successful debut album. Fraser then began writing and producing with Plan B ("Dead and Buried", "Kids", etc.) on his critically acclaimed debut. The following months he bought tracks from Beyonce, Eamon, Jamelia in and out of the studio, before Fraser concentrated on co-writing upcoming the next releases for both Kano and Craig David. The fact that both artists, who have a lot of respect for each other, were constantly in and out of the studio, led to the collaboration "This Is the Girl" (Kano with Craig David).
Fraser received the 2008 Urban Music Award for "Best Producer".
1971 births
Living people
English songwriters
English guitarists
Record producers
Musicians from Berkshire
Sunny Ofehe

Sunny Ofehe (born 1 February 1972) is a politician and an environmental rights activist in Nigeria who fights against the environmental pollution in the oil-rich Niger Delta region of Nigeria. He comes from Oghara-Iyede.
Living people
1972 births
Nigerian politicians
People from Delta State
British Rail Class 377

The Class 377 Electrostars are electric multiple units built by Bombardier Transportation (previously ADtranz) at their Derby Works, from 2001-2014. The Electrostar family, which also includes Classes 357, 375, 376, 378, 379 and 387 and is the most numerous type of EMU built in the post-privatisation period of Britain's railways.
References
Bombardier multiple units
377
East West Rail

East West Rail is a major project to "establish a strategic railway connecting East Anglia with Central, Southern and Western England".
In particular, it plans to build (or rebuild) a new line linking Oxford and Cambridge via Bicester, Milton Keynes (at Bletchley) and Bedford. It will largely use existing (but closed) railway lines. It will provides a route between any or all of the Great Western, Chiltern, West Coast, Midland, East Coast, West Anglia and Great Eastern main lines, avoiding London. The new line will provide a route for potential new services between and Ipswich or Norwich via , Didcot and Ely, using existing onward lines. The western section from Oxford to Bedford was approved by the Government in November 2011, with completion of this section expected by 2025.
The segment from Oxford via Bicester Village to the junction with the Chiltern Main Line became operational in December 2016. Electrification of the line is not planned.
Sections
The plan is divided into three sections:
"Western section" from Oxford to Bedford on existing lines, including the mothballed section between Bletchley and Claydon Junction. The scope of this section includes a branch line to Aylesbury
"Central section" from Bedford to Cambridge using some existing lines together with a new section
"Eastern section" from Cambridge to Norwich, Felixstowe and Ipswich on existing lines.
References
Railway lines of England
Baylor County, Texas

Baylor County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2020, 3,465 people lived there. The county seat is Seymour.
References
Texas counties
Budu Zivzivadze

Budu Zivzivadze (; born 10 March 1994) is Georgian football player. He plays for Fehervar FC and the Georgian national team as a forward. He was born and raised in Tbilisi.
Other websites
Esbjerg official profile
Association football forwards
Living people
1994 births
Cliff Williams

Clifford "Cliff" Williams (born 14 December 1949) is a former British musician. He is best known as a member of the Australian hard rock band AC/DC. He was a member of the band between 1977 and 2016 as their bassist and backing singer. He, along with AC/DC, were added to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2003.
Williams was born in Romford, Essex, England. His wife, Georganne, is from Colorado. They have two children, Erin (born 1985) and Luke (born 1986).
References
Other websites
Cliff Williams at Ampeg
1949 births
Living people
English rock guitarists
English rock singers
Musicians from Essex
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees
AC/DC members
Daisy Ridley

Daisy Jazz Isobel Ridley (born 10 April 1992) is a British actress. She is best known for playing Rey in Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015), Star Wars: The Last Jedi (2017) and Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker (2019). She also appeared in Casulty and Silent Witness.
Ridley was born in Westminster, London. Her great-uncle was Dad's Army actor Arnold Ridley.
Filmography
Movies
Television
References
Other websites
1992 births
Living people
Actors from London
English movie actors
English television actors
Janelle Monáe

Janelle Monae (born December 1, 1985), is an American R&B singer. In 2010 she released her first album, The ArchAndroid. Critics liked it and it got nominated for Best Contemporary R&B Album at the 2011 Grammy Awards. On February 11 2012 she released the first single from the album, "Tightrope". Big Boi rapped in it. It was nominated for Best Urban/Alternative Performance at the same Grammy Awards show. It won Best Track at the NME Awards.
In March 2012 Monae had her first Billboard Hot 100 top ten hit and No.1, as a singer on Fun's single "We Are Young".
In August 2012 she became the model for CoverGirl.
In October 2012 she performed at the BET Black Girls Rock! Awards and won the Young, Gifted & Black Award.
Monae voice-acted in the American Dad! episode "The Boring Identity", which was shown 21 Apr. 2013.
On September 6, 2013 her second studio album Metropolis: Suites IV and V - The Electric Lady was released. It got good reviews. It reached No.5 in the Billboard 200. Three singles have been released from it: "Q.U.E.E.N.", "Dance Apocalyptic", and "Primetime". The album includes songs that she did with Solange, Prince, Erykah Badu, and Esperanza Spalding.
On October 26 Monae performed on Saturday Night Live.
In November 2013 she won Video of the Year honor for "Q.U.E.E.N." at the Soul Train Awards.
On December 12 2013 she gave the Rising Star Award at the 2013 Billboard Women in Music event in New York.
In April 2018, she came out as pansexual.
Monae was born in Kansas City, Kansas. She moved to New York to study theatre at the American Musical and Dramatic Academy because she wanted to be a Broadway actress. She changed her mind, and in 2001 she moved to Atlanta. She met Big Boi from Outkast there. They made the Wondaland Arts Society. Monae released her first EP The Audition in 2003. Big Boi told his friend Diddy about Monae. In 2006 she was signed to his record label Bad Boy.
References
1985 births
African-American rappers
Rappers from Missouri
Musicians from Kansas City, Missouri
Actors from Kansas City, Missouri
Living people
Singers from Kansas City, Missouri
South West Region (Western Australia)

The South West Region was an electoral region of the Western Australian Legislative Council, the upper house of the Western Australian Parliament. It covered the Peel Region of Western Australia, which includes the cities of Albany, Bunbury, Busselton and Mandurah.
Electoral regions will be abolished at the 2025 state election.
Election results
References
Electoral regions of Western Australia
Rob Manfred

Robert D. Manfred Jr. (born September 28, 1958) is an American lawyer and business executive. He is the tenth and current Commissioner of Baseball. He served as the Chief Operating Officer of Major League Baseball (MLB) and succeeded Bud Selig as Commissioner on January 25, 2015.
References
Other websites
Living people
1958 births
American Roman Catholics
Lawyers from New York (state)
Businesspeople from New York (state)
Bloomfield, New Jersey

Bloomfield is a township in Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the township's population was 53,105.
References
Townships in New Jersey
TV+

TV+ (known until 2018 as UCV Television, whose letters stand for Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso Television) is a Chilean television network.
Programs
Previous programs
Other websites
Official site
Chilean television networks
Volkswagen Golf Mk5

The Volkswagen Golf Mk5 is the fifth generation of the compact car Volkswagen Golf. It succeeded the Mk4 in 2003 and was succeeded by the Mk6 in 2008. The Golf Variant and the Golf Plus continued until 2009. The platform of the Mk5 Golf was also used for the Touran and the Eos.
Versions
Engines
Petrol
1.4 16V 55 kW (75 hp) and 59 kW (80 hp)
1.4 FSI 66 kW (90 hp)
1.4 TSI 90 kW (122 hp), 103 kW (140 hp), 118 kW (160 hp) and 125 kW (170 hp)
1.6 75 kW (102 hp)
1.6 FSI 85 kW (115 hp)
2.0 FSI 110 kW (150 hp)
2.0 GTI 147 kW (200 hp) and 169 kW (230 hp)
3.2 R32 184 kW (250 hp)
Diesel
1.9 TDI 66 kW (90 hp) and 77 kW (105 hp)
2.0 SDI 55 kW (75 hp)
2.0 TDI 100 kW (136 hp), 103 kW (140 hp) and 125 kW (170 hp)
Golf Mk5
2000s automobiles
2002–03 NFL playoffs

The National Football League playoffs for the 2002 season started on January 4, 2003. The playoffs ended with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers beating the Oakland Raiders in Super Bowl XXXVII, 48-21, on January 26, at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, California.
Participants
Bracket
Schedule
Notes and references
NFL.com scores for the 2002 playoffs (Last accessed January 9, 2006)
National Football League playoffs
NFL playoffs
Transperth

Transperth is the brand of the public transport system in Perth, Western Australia. Transperth was launched in 1986. It supplies public bus, train and ferry services.
Train services run on five lines that spread over the Perth metropolitan area. The lines are named Joondalup, Midland, Fremantle, Armadale, and Mandurah. The Mandurah was opened late in 2007. All trains are operated using electricity. A new line to the Perth Airport via the Bayswater railway station is being constructed which is expected to be compeleted in mid-2021.
Bus services run throughout the metropolitan area. A circular bus route is the CircleRoute
which links major shopping centres, universities and railway stations.
Ferry services operate across the Swan River between the Perth CBD and South Perth. The ferry is popular for people to go to the zoo located in South Perth.
Passengers can take rides by buying cash tickets or using the ticket system known as SmartRider.
Australian railways
Sam Claflin

Samuel George Claflin (born 27 June 1986) is an English actor. He is known for his roles as Philip Swift in Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides (2011) and as Finnick Odair in The Hunger Games movie series.
References
Other websites
1986 births
Living people
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
English voice actors
Actors from Norfolk
Actors from Suffolk
People from Ipswich
People from Norwich
Tipton County, Indiana

Tipton County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana, north of the state capital of Indianapolis. As of 2010, 15,936 people lived there which is a decrease of 3.9% from 16,577 in 2000. The county seat is Tipton.
References
1844 establishments in Indiana
Indiana counties
4A Games

4A Games Limited is a Ukrainian-Maltese video game developer based in Sliema, Malta. The company was founded in Kyiv, Ukraine. The company is best known for making the Metro video game series.
References
Video game companies of Europe
Organizations based in Malta
Finger Plan

The Finger Plan () is an urban plan from 1947 which provides a strategy for the development of the Copenhagen metropolitan area in Denmark. According to the plan, all future development of Copenhagen would be along five 'fingers'. These grouped business areas would be near S-train commuter rail lines. The finger-line areas extend from the 'palm' which represents the dense urban area of central Copenhagen. Between the 'fingers', is land for agriculture and recreational use.
By the definition used in the Finger Plan, the metropolitan area has a population of 1,930,260 (1 October 2011). It has an area of over 34 municipalities.
In 2007 the Finger Plan was updated to the "Finger Plan 2007". This plan is written into the laws and is legally binding over Greater Copenhagen. The Finger Plan for 2007 does share the metropolitan area like this:
Inner metropolitan area (the palm)
Outer metropolitan area (the fingers)
the green areas (the space between the fingers)
The other metropolitan area (as are for the end of the fingers)
References
Urban planning
Copenhagen
1947 in Europe
20th century in Denmark
Yona of the Dawn

is a Japanese manga series by Mizuho Kusanagi. It is published in Hakusensha's shojo manga magazine Hana to Yume from August 2009. An anime television series based on this manga was created by Pierrot. It aired between October 7, 2014 and March 24, 2015.
Funimation has licensed the anime series for streaming and home video rights in North America. The first opening theme is an song by Kunihiko Ryo, called . The first ending theme is by Vistlip. The second opening theme is "Akatsuki no Hana", by Cyntia. The second ending theme is "Akatsuki", by Akiko Shikata. The first OVA was released on September 18, 2015, the second OVA was released on August 19, 2016 and the third OVA was released on December 20, 2016.
References
2008 anime television series
2009 manga
2014 anime television series
2015 anime OVAs
Action television series
Anime series based on manga
Fantasy television series
Manga series
Kalidasa

Kalidas (Devanagari: kaalidaas), was the author of Meghadoot, Shakuntal, and other works in Sanskrit. He has a similar place in Sanskrit as a poet and a dramatist, as Shakespeare in English.
Kalidas's plays and poetry are based on Hindu mythology and philosophy.
Life
There is very little known for certain about the life of Kalidas. It is not clear where he lived, and the time he might have lived is anywhere from 130 BC to 600 CE.
Kalidas did not mention in his works any king as his patron.
Works
Plays
Kalidas wrote three plays: Malawikagnimitra ("Malavika and Agnimitra"), Abhijnanashakuntala ("The Recognition of Shakuntala"), and Vikramorwasheeya ("Pertaining to Vikram and Urwashi"). Abhijnanashakuntala, that is regarded as a masterpiece was the first to be translated into English and German.
Malawikagnimitra tells the story of King Agnimitra, who falls in love with the picture of an exiled servant girl named Malavika. When the queen discovers her husband's passion for a servant girl, she becomes very angry and orders that this girl is sent to prison; but it turns out that the girl is a princess, therefore the affair is accepted in the end.
Abhijnanashakuntala tells the story of a king, Dushyanta, who meets in the forests Shakuntala, the adopted daughter of a wise man who lives with him in a cottage in the forests.
Dushyanta and Shakuntala fall in love with each other and get married. Dushyanta stays with Shakuntala in the forests for while until he gets called back to his court for some pressing matter. After many difficulties there follows a happy end.
Vikramorwasheeya is more mystical than the above two plays.
Poetry
Kalidas wrote two very good epic poems, Raghuvamsha ("Dynasty of Raghu") and Kumarasambhawa ("Birth of Kumar Kartikeya"), and the lyrical Meghadoota ("Cloud Messenger") and Rutusamhara ("The Exposition on the Seasons").
Some historians credit Kalidas with a few other works, including the following; however, scholars commonly believe that they were the creations of some other authors writing under the name Kalidas:
ShrungaraTilaka
ShrungaraRasashta
SetuKawya
KarpuraManjari
PushpabanaWilasa
ShyamalaDandaka
PrashnottaraMala
JyotirWiddyabharana
Notes
Further reading
K.D. Sethna. Problems of Ancient India, p. 79-120 (chapter: "The Time of Kalidasa"), 2000 New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan. (about the dating of Kalidasa)
Other websites
Kalidasa: Translations of Shakuntala and Other Works by Arthur W. Ryder
Biography of Kalidasa
Kalidasa and Ancient India
Clay Sanskrit Library publishes classical Indian literature, including the works of Kalidasa with Sanskrit facing-page text and translation. Also offers searchable corpus and downloadable materials.
Kalidasa at The Online Library of Liberty
Indian writers
Indian poets
Year of birth unknown
Year of death unknown
Sanskrit
Ancient writers
Selma Reis

Selma Reis (24 August 1960 - 19 December 2015) was a Brazilian actress and singer. She was born in Sao Goncalo, Rio de Janeiro. She acted in many telenovelas and miniseries for Rede Globo, including Caminho das Indias, Paginas da Vida, Presenca de Anita and Chiquinha Gonzaga. After 1987, she released a debut album, the first of eleven releases.
Personal life
She was married to photographer Locca Faria, with whom she had a son. The couple separated but remained friends for the last three years of her life.
In July 2014, Reis was diagnosed with brain cancer. Reis died at a hospital in Teresopolis, Brazil from the disease, aged 55. She was cremated in a Lutheran service in Nova Friburgo.
References
1960 births
2015 deaths
Brazilian television actors
Brazilian singers
Deaths from brain cancer
Cancer deaths in Brazil
Easy A

Easy A is an American teen comedy movie. It is set in Ojai, California. It was inspired by the novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. The movie was directed by Will Gluck and written by Gluck, Zane Devine and Mark Benton Johnson. The movie was released on September 17, 2010 in North America. The movie received positive reviews with Rotten Tomatoes giving the movie a 87% which is rated as "fresh" and Metacritic gave the movie a 72% out of 100.
Cast
Emma Stone as Olive Penderghast
Penn Badgley as Woodchuck Todd
Thomas Haden Church as Mr. Griffith
Lisa Kudrow as Mrs. Griffith
Alyson Michalka as Rhiannon Abernathy
Cam Gigandet as Micah
Dan Byrd as Brandon
Patricia Clarkson as Rosemary Penderghast
Malcolm McDowell as Principal Gibbons
Stanley Tucci as Dill Penderghast
Jake Sandvig as Anson
Amanda Bynes as Marianne
Johanna Braddy as Melody Bostic
& More
Other websites
Easy A's Official website
2010s LGBT movies
2010 romantic comedy movies
2010s sex comedy movies
2010s teen romance movies
American LGBT movies
American sex comedy movies
American teen comedy movies
American teen romance movies
2010s English-language movies
American high school movies
LGBT comedy movies
LGBT romance movies
Movies about virginity
Movies set in California
Teen LGBT movies
Ventura County, California
American independent movies
Movies directed by Will Gluck
Louvil

Louvil is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 869 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Orontid dynasty

The Orontid dynasty, also known by their native name Eruandid or Yervanduni, was an Armenian dynasty that ruled the Satrapy of Armenia until 321 BC and the Kingdom of Armenia from 321 BC to 200 BC.
Origins
The origins of the dynasty are a matter of debate, it has been described as an "Iranian" or "Armenian" dynasty. Some historians claim that the Orontids had a lineage relationship with the Achaemenid dynasty.
Panossian states the following about the Orontids (Yervandunis);"It is not known whether the Yervandunis were ethnically Armenian. They probably had marriage links to the rulers of Persia and other leading noble houses in Armenia."
Culture and language
During the Orontids, despite the Hellenistic invasion; Persian and local Armenian culture remained the most powerful element in society and elites. The Orontid dynasty spoke Armenian. Some have suggested a continuity with the Hittite name Arnuwanda.
References
Other websites
The Yervanduni Dynasty-A. Richard Diebold Center for Indo-European Language and Culture
The Orontid (Ervanduni) dynasty
Monarchs of Armenia
Royal dynasties
Krzysztof Kieślowski

Krzysztof Kieslowski (27 June 1941 - 13 March 1996) was a Polish movie director and screenwriter. He made Dekalog (1989), The Double Life of Veronique (1991), and the Three Colours trilogy (1993 -1994). Kieslowski received many awards during his career, including the Cannes Film Festival Jury Prize (1988), FIPRESCI Prize (1988, 1991), and Prize of the Ecumenical Jury (1991); the Venice Film Festival FIPRESCI Prize (1989), Golden Lion (1993), and OCIC Award (1993); and the Berlin International Film Festival Silver Bear (1994). In 1995, he received Academy Award nominations for Best Director and Best Writing.
In 2002, Kieslowski was listed at number two on the British Film Institute's Sight & Sound list of the top ten film directors of modern times. In 2007, Total Film magazine ranked him at No. 47 on its "100 Greatest Film Directors Ever" list.
1941 births
1996 deaths
Polish movie directors
VK (company)

Mail.Ru Group (London Stock Exchange listed since November 5, 2010) is a Russian Internet company. It was started in 1998 as an e-mail service and went on to become a major corporate figure in the Russian-speaking segment of the Internet. As of 2013, according to comScore, websites owned by Mail.ru collectively had the largest audience in Russia and captured the most screen time. Mail.Ru's sites reach approximately 86% of Russian Internet users on a monthly basis and the company is in the top 5 of largest Internet companies, based on the number of total pages viewed. Mail.ru controls the 3 largest Russian social networking sites. It operates the second and third most popular Russian social networking sites, Odnoklassniki and Moy Mir, respectively. Mail.ru holds 100% of shares of Russia's most popular social network VK and minority stakes in Qiwi, formerly OE Investments (15.04%). It also operates two instant messaging networks (Mail.Ru Agent and ICQ), an e-mail service and Internet portal Mail.ru, as well as a number of online games.
References
Other websites
Companies of Russia
Foreign relations of Vanuatu

Vanuatu has diplomatic relations with more than 65 countries. It has a very small network of embassies. Only Australia, France, New Zealand, and the People's Republic of China have embassies, high commissions, or missions in Port Vila. The British High Commission closed in 2005, after having been there for almost 100 years.
Concerns
The government's main concern has been to improve the economy. It has a strong need for foreign aid, so Vanuatu has joined the Asian Development Bank, the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Since 1980, Australia, France, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand have provided most of Vanuatu's development aid.
Policies
Vanuatu's foreign policy is fairly neutral. It stayed neutral during the Cold War. They have been a member of the Non-Aligned Movement since 1983. However, it has always given strong support for self-determination and decolonisation, especially throughout Melanesia. Vanuatu became independent from France and the United Kingdom in 1980. The first government recognised the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic in November of the same year. It recognised the State of Palestine in August 1989. Later governments recognised Kosovo in 2010 and Abkhazia in 2011. Vanuatu has also supported the independence of New Caledonia and East Timor, and it strongly supports the Free Papua Movement in western New Guinea. Its relations with Indonesia have suffered because of this. Relations with Australia and New Zealand are a major focus of Vanuatu's foreign policy.
History
Vanuatu established diplomatic relations with Cuba in 1983, and Libya in 1986. It established diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union and the United States in June and September 1986, respectively. Relations with the United States were bad until the late 1980s. Relations with France remained bad throughout the 1980s. Vanuatu under Walter Lini also tried to create strong relations with Asia. By the end of the 1980s, the country had established diplomatic relations with the China, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam and the Philippines.
Australia and Vanuatu have very strong ties. Australia has given most of the help to Vanuatu's military. It is also Vanuatu's largest source of foreign investment, tourists, and foreign aid. Vanuatu also has strong ties to other Pacific countries.
Memberships
It is a full member of the Pacific Islands Forum, and several other regional organisations. It has been a member of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie since 1979. It was admitted to the Commonwealth of Nations in 1980 and to the United Nations in 1981. Vanuatu is currently the only Pacific nation that belongs to the Non-Aligned Movement.
British High Commissioners
List of British High Commissioners in Port Vila:
1980 William Stanton Ashford
30 July 1982 Richard Bostock Dorman
25 April 1985 Malcolm Lars Creek
27 August 1988 John Thompson
15 January 1992 Thomas Joseph Duggin
1995 Malcom Geoffrey Hilson
16 November 2000 Michael Thoma Hill.
References
Foreign relations by country
Politics of Vanuatu
Engagement

An engagement is an agreement or promise to marry, and also refers to the time between proposal and marriage. During this time, a couple is said to be affianced, engaged to be married, or simply engaged. An engagement can be seen by witnesses to confirm their marriage.
A fiance is the man who is engaged. A fiancee is the woman who is engaged.
Traditionally, a ring is presented during the engagement ceremony.
Marriage
Eternal Sonata

Eternal Sonata is an role-playing video game developed by tri-Crescendo and published by Namco Bandai Games.
2007 video games
PlayStation 3 games
Video games developed in Japan
Xbox 360 games
July 2018 Lombok earthquake

A Mw 6.4 earthquake struck the island of Lombok on the morning of 29 July 2018 at a shallow depth of . Large damage was reported in the area, and authorities said that 20 people were killed in the earthquake while hundreds were injured.
The epicentre was located in Sembalun Subdistrict, East Lombok Regency. The earthquake was a foreshock for the more powerful 6.9 earthquake which struck the island a week later.
References
Earthquake
Lombok
Earthquake
Lombok
Kiran Bedi

Kiran Bedi (born 9 June 1949) is a retired Indian Police Service officer, and former tennis player . She is the former Lieutenant Governor of Puducherry. She is the first female Indian Police Service (IPS) officer.
References
1949 births
Living people
Indian writers
Lieutenant Governors of Puducherry
Tony McNamara

Tony McNamara (3 October 1929 - 30 May 2015) was an English footballer who played as a midfielder. He played for Everton, Liverpool, Crewe Alexandra, Bury and Runcorn between 1947 and 1960. He was born in Liverpool.
NcNamara died on 30 May 2015 in Liverpool, aged 85.
References
1929 births
2015 deaths
English footballers
Sportspeople from Liverpool
Mikantji

Mikantji is a waterhole in the Northern Territory of Australia. It is an important sacred site for Warlpiri-speaking Aborigines. The site features in their Dreaming stories. Fire- and rain-making rituals are performed here by the Warlpiri.
Mikantji is located about northwest of Yuendumu, on the road coming north from Papunya.
References
Geography of the Northern Territory
Indigenous Australian culture
Waterholes of Australia