pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Senedd

The Senedd (), previously called the National Assembly building, contains the debating chamber and 3 committee rooms for the Welsh Parliament in Cardiff. The building is 5,308 square meters (57,100 sq ft) large.
History
After 2 selection processes were held, it was decided a new debating chamber for Wales was to built on a new site, Site 1E, at Capital Waterside in Cardiff Bay.
Design
Richard Rogers, an architect who had won the Pritzker Prize, won the international competition to design the building. It was designed to be sustainable, with renewable technologies, and to be energy efficient. The building was awarded an "Excellent" certification by the Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method, the highest ever certification to be awarded in Wales, and was nominated for the 2006 Stirling Prize. The Senedd is now a symbol of Cardiff, and Wales.
Building the Senedd
The Senedd was constructed in two phases, the first in 2001 and the second starting in August 2003, until it was handed over to the National Assembly in February 2006.
Between the phases, the National Assembly changed contractors and the management structure of the project, but kept Rogers as architect.
Once finished, the building cost almost 6 times more than expected, and was finished 4 years and 10 months late (compared to estimates in 1997).
The cost grew because of the extra security that had to be added after the September 11 attacks, and because the National Assembly did not have an independent estimate of the project's cost until December 2000, three years after the original estimate. The costs of the second phase grew by less than 6% over budget, and was 6 months late, because of ICT problems.
It was opened by Queen Elizabeth II on 1 March 2006 and it cost PS69.6 million, which included PS49.7 million in construction costs. The Senedd is part of the land owned by the National Assembly that includes Ty Hywel and the Pierhead Building.
References
Politics of Wales
2006 establishments in the United Kingdom
2000s establishments in Wales
Organisations based in Wales
Nicoya

Nicoya is a town in Costa Rica's Guanacaste Province. It is one of the most important tourist zones. It serves as a transport hub to Guanacaste's beaches and national parks. The town is also the capital of the canton of the same name (Nicoya Canton).
The town was built in an old colonial style. It was built in the Cordillera Volcanica de Guanacaste. Agriculture and cattle are the town's main economic activity.
In early 2006, a group of researchers led by adventure writer Dan Buettner and supported by National Geographic Magazine, the National Institute for Aging, and Alliance Healthcare, designated Nicoya as a Blue Zone. This designation is granted to global regions that are characterized by the longest life expectancies. Among the ideal Nicoyan lifestyle characteristics cited by the research were the water's high calcium content, intense daily physical activity, year-long fruit consumption, and close inter-generational relationships.
While the town elected 61 year old Lorenzo Rosales Vargas as mayor on December 3, 2006 he was only able to serve for about a year before quitting due to health reasons. Since May 5, 2008 Eduardo Gutierrez Rosales has been holding the office instead as Nicoya's first supply mayor. They are both members of the National Liberation Party (PLN).
References
Cities in Costa Rica
Guanacaste Province
1520s establishments in North America
Establishments in Costa Rica
Fossemanant

Fossemanant is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Solomon Marcus

Solomon Marcus (; March 1, 1925 - March 17, 2016) was a Romanian mathematician of Jewish descent. He was a member of the Mathematical Section of the Romanian Academy. He was also Emeritus Professor of the University of Bucharest's Faculty of Mathematics.
His main research was in the fields of mathematical analysis, mathematical and computational linguistics and computer science, but he also published numerous papers on various cultural topics: poetics, linguistics, semiotics, philosophy and history of science and education.
Marcus died of heart failure on March 17, 2016 at the age of 91.
Related pages
List of Romanian mathematicians
Other websites
Global Perspectives on Science and Spirituality (GPSS)
Publication list on his web page, at the "Simion Stoilow" Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy
International Journal of Computers, Communications & Control, Vol.I (2006), No.1, pp. 73-79, "Grigore C. Moisil: A Life Becoming a Myth", by Solomon Marcus, Editor's note about the author (p. 79)
Marcus' articles on semiotics at Potlatch
Solomon Marcus at the University of Bucharest
1925 births
2016 deaths
Jewish scientists
Romanian Jews
Romanian mathematicians
Tägerwilen

Tagerwilen is a municipality of the district of Kreuzlingen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Thurgau
Béla Czafik

Bela Czafik was a volleyball player from Hungary. Bela competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics. He was born on September 23, 1937 and died on November 17, 2005.
References
Other websites
1937 births
2005 deaths
Hungarian Olympians
Hungarian volleyball players
Lucy Miszewski

Lucy Miszewski (born 16 February 2000) is a South African water-polo player. She competed for the South Africa women's national water polo team in the 2019 World Aquatics Championships.
References
Other websites
lucy-miszewski-
lucy-miszewski
water-polo-database
2000 births
Living people
South African water polo players
Vocational Independence Program

Vocational Independence Program or VIP was one of only 10 postsecondary schools in the United States that is known by the U.S. Department of Education as a Comprehensive Transition and Postsecondary (CTP) program for students with an intellectual disability. In order to be accepted into the VIP program, students must be enrolled in the summer program and the interconnected program is for students 16 to 22 with special needs and provides job training and coursework in independent living, social and academic skills. Any student admitted to the VIP program must be at least 18 years of age. The IQ scores of these students are 70-143. The program was ended in June 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
References
Schools in the United States
2020 disestablishments in the United States
1987 establishments in the United States
Oil refinery

An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial plant where crude oil is made into useful petroleum products by fractional distillation and other processes. Products include gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene, and liquefied petroleum gas.
References
Other websites
Searchable United States Refinery Map
Interactive map of UK refineries
Complete, detailed refinery description
Petroleum Refinery Planning and Optimization Using Linear Programming
Student's Guide to Refining
Global refinery shortage shifts power balance
Ecomuseum Bergslagen - history of Oljeon, Sweden
Detailed refinery description
Fueling Profits: Report on Industry Consolidation (publication of the Consumer Federation of America)
Price Spikes, Excess Profits and Excuses (publication of the Consumer Federation of America)
Refinery study
2011 NACS Annual Fuels Report
Basics of Oil Refining Overview of crude oil refining process
Basics of Oil Refining Overview of crude oil refining process with focus on Canadian crude oil
Refinery Animations & Videos Oil Refinery Process Animations,Videos & 360 Degree Views
Chicago Bridge & Iron: Virtual Refinery
Encyclopaedia of Hydrocarbons, ENI and Treccani ed., 5 volumes
Energy
Fuel
Petroleum
Brittney Griner

Brittney Yevette Griner (born October 18, 1990) is an American basketball player. She is 6 ft and 8 inches tall. She was the first NCAA basketball player ever to score 2,000 points and block 500 shots. She came out as lesbian in 2013. She plays for the Phoenix Mercury of the Women's National Basketball Association. She was signed by Nike to model their mens clothes. Griner was born in Houston, Texas.
In February 2022, Griner was arrested by Russian officials for carrying vape pens in her luggage. She had been entering Russia to play with the Russian Premier League during the WNBA offseason. On August 4, 2022, Griner was sentenced to nine years in Russian prison. On December 8, 2022, she was released by Russia during a prisoner swap for arms dealer Viktor Bout.
References
Other websites
WNBA profile
1990 births
African-American basketball players
Lesbians
LGBT African Americans
LGBT people from Texas
LGBT sportspeople
Living people
Models from Houston
Sportspeople from Houston
American basketball players
Delta, Colorado

The City of Delta is the Home Rule Municipality that is the county seat and the most populous municipality of Delta County, Colorado, United States. The population was 8,915 at the 2010 census.
References
Cities in Colorado
County seats in Colorado
Greensville County, Virginia

Greensville County is a county in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, 11,391 people lived there. Its county seat is Emporia.
References
Virginia counties
Meteorite strewnfield

A meteorite strewnfield is the area where meteorites and glassy tektites from a single meteor fall are found.
Formation
There are two ways for strewnfields to form:
Mid-air fragmentation. When a large meteor enters the atmosphere it often fragments into many pieces. This showers the material over a large oval-shaped area. The shape of this oval is caused by the flight path of the meteor. When multiple-explosions occur, the material may be found in several overlapping ovals.
Impact fragmentation: the fragmentation can occur on impact. In this case the strewnfield shape may be different, usually circular.
Example
The Australasian strewnfield is the youngest and largest of the tektite strewnfields. Recent estimates suggest it may cover 10%-30% of the Earth's surface.
References
Meteorites
Voiced alveolar non-sibilant fricative

The voiced alveolar non-sibilant fricative is a sound used in some spoken languages. It is not in English.
Consonants
Jasmine Tookes

Jasmine Tookes (born February 1, 1991) is an American model.
Tookes was born and raised in Huntington Beach, California. She did gymnastics for ten years and was active in volleyball and softball before she became a model at about the age of 15. Her mother is a celebrity fashion stylist. Tookes was discovered at one of her mother's showroom appointments.
Tookes is of mixed ancestry. African, West Indian and her maternal grandmother is Caucasian.
Tookes' first commercial ad campaigns were in 2010 for ugg boots and Gap. Before breaking out on the international scene, she booked a Spring 2011 DKNY campaign and a layout in Vogue Italia.
In 2015, she became a Victoria's Secret Angel.
In September 2020, Tookes announced her engagement to her boyfriend of four years Juan David Borrero, director of international markets of Snap Inc and son of doctor Alfredo Borrero Vega, Vice President-elect of Ecuador.
References
Models from California
1991 births
Living people
Siege of Sevastopol (1941–1942)

The siege of Sevastopol took place from October 30 1941 to July 4 1942 during World War II 's Eastern Front. A Siege is where a milltary unit surround another enemy milltary unit. The Soviet Army was trapped in the city of Sevastopol with Axis forces surround the city. The siege ended in July 4 1942 where the Germans broke the siege and entered the city.
References
1965 Atlantic hurricane season

The 1965 Atlantic hurricane season was the first hurricane season to have the bounds from June 1, 1965 to November 30, 1965. The 1965 Atlantic hurricane season did not have very many storms. A famous hurricane from this season would be Hurricane Betsy. Hurricane Betsy was the first hurricane to cause a billion dollors or more in damage, without being changed to the value of the dollar today.
Storms
Tropical Storm One
Hurricane Anna
Hurricane Betsy
Hurricane Carol
Tropical Storm Debbie
Hurricane Elena
Storm names
This is a list of all the names set aside for use in the 1965 Atlantic hurricane season. The names not used are in .
Retirement
After the season Betsy and Carol were retired. Carol was retired not because of the 1965 storm but because of the 1954 storm. Blanche and Camille were used instead of Betsy and Carol in 1969.
Other websites
Monthly Weather Review
Carinthia

Carinthia ( ; ; ; ) is the southernmost state of Austria. It is in the Eastern Alps. The main language is German. Carinthia's main industries are tourism, electronics, engineering, forestry and agriculture. The companies Philips and Siemens have large operations there.
Districts
The state is divided into eight rural and two urban districts. There are 132 towns.
Statutory cities
Klagenfurt
Villach
Rural districts
Spittal an der Drau
Hermagor
Villach-Land
Feldkirchen
St. Veit an der Glan
Klagenfurt-Land
Volkermarkt
Wolfsberg
References
Mule deer

The mule deer (Odocileus hemionus) is a species of deer. They are sometimes called black-tailed deer. They live in western North America. Their name was given to them because of their mule-like ears. There are many subspecies, including the black-tailed deer. Unlike the white-tailed deer, mule deer lives on land west of the Missouri River. They also live in the Rocky Mountains region of North America. Mule deer have been introduced to Argentina.
The mule deer's favorite food is new plants that grow in the spring. They eat a large number of their yearly calories during spring feeding. Because spring comes later in colder places, the mule deer move from warmer to colder places so they spend the most where there are spring plants to eat. Scientists call this "green wave surfing." According to scientists from the University of Wyoming, by migrating, mule deer can eat spring plants for 120 days in a year with lots of rain and 60 days in a year with very little rain. The deer are very good at figuring out where the spring growth will be and when it will be there, even when it is different from the last year. The scientists also say that climate change is putting the deer in danger by causing more years with very little rain.
References
Other websites
Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History species account-Mule Deer
Video of Arizona Mule Deer
Deer
Deer, Mule
Isao Iwabuchi

was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Iwabuchi was born in Tochigi Prefecture on November 17, 1933. He played for Keio BRB which was consisted of his alma mater Keio University players and graduates. He won 1954 and 1956 Emperor's Cup at the club.
On January 5, 1955, when Iwabuchi was a Keio University student, he debuted for the Japan national team against Burma. In June 1956, at 1956 Summer Olympics qualification against South Korea, he scored a goal. After the qualification, Japan won the qualification to 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne by the drawing of lots. In November, he was selected Japan for 1956 Olympics. He also played at 1958 Asian Games. He played 8 games and scored 2 goals for Japan until 1958.
On April 16, 2003, Iwabuchi died of peritonitis in Tokyo Metropolis at the age of 69.
Statistics
|-
|1955||3||1
|-
|1956||3||1
|-
|1957||0||0
|-
|1958||2||0
|-
!Total||8||2
|}
References
Other websites
1933 births
2003 deaths
Footballers from Tochigi Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Footballers at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Stanisław Wyspiański

Stanislaw Mateusz Ignacy Wyspianski (January 15, 1869, Krakow - November 28, 1907, Krakow) was a Polish writer, painter, and architect.
1869 births
1907 deaths
Polish writers
People from Krakow
Polish architects
Neuwiller

Neuwiller is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France. It is on the border to Switzerland.
Related pages
Communes of the Haut-Rhin department
References
INSEE commune file
Other websites
Porte du Sundgau - Services de Neuwiller
Eurodistrict Basel
Communes in Haut-Rhin
Bond market

The bond market (also known as the debt, credit, or fixed income market) is a financial market where people buy and sell debt securities, usually in the form of bonds. In 2006 the size of the international bond market was about $45 trillion. The size of the outstanding U.S. bond market debt was $25.2 trillion.
References
Other websites
Investing In Bonds Only: Why This Investment Strategy Doesn't Work... and What Does
Investing in Bonds , an education site for bond investors
SIFMA
ShibuiMarkets
Bonds 101, bonds.yahoo.com
Fixed-Income Funds
USTreasuryMarket.com: Dealer misconduct, including front-running, in government bond market.
International Financing Review (IFR)
Finance
Rayappu Joseph

Bishop Rayappu Joseph (; 16 April 1940 - 1 April 2021) was a Sri Lanka Tamil prelate. He was the Roman Catholic Bishop of Mannar.
Joseph was ordained as a priest in December 1967. He was a professor at the St Xavier's Seminary, Jaffna. In July 1992 he was appointed Bishop of Mannar and was ordained as a bishop in October 1992.
References
1940 births
2021 deaths
Sri Lankan people
Roman Catholic bishops
Warm Springs, Virginia

Warm Springs is a census-designated place (CDP) in the U.S. state of Virginia.
Census-designated places in Virginia
County seats in Virginia
Dauberval

Jean Bercher (known as Dauberval or D'Auberval; Montpellier, August 19, 1742 - Tours, February 14, 1802) was a French ballet dancer and choreographer. He was a pupil of Jean-Georges Noverre and made his debut at the Paris Opera on June 12, 1762. He was a superb mime. He choreographed few ballets, but is credited with creating the comedy ballet. His best known work is La Fille mal gardee, which is one of the oldest ballets still performed.
References
Beaumont, Cyril W. 1935. The Complete Book of Ballets. Grosset & Dunlap. pp. 1-5.
1742 births
1802 deaths
French ballet dancers
French choreographers
Joseph Henry

Joseph Henry (December 17, 1797 - May 13, 1878) was an American scientist who served as the first Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. He was the secretary for the National Institute for the Promotion of Science, a previous form of the Smithsonian Institution. While building electromagnets, Henry discovered electromagnetism, He also discovered mutual inductance independently of Michael Faraday though Faraday was the first to make the discovery and publish his results. Henry also developed the electromagnet into a practical device. Among his inventions was the electric doorbell (specifically a bell that could be rung at a distance via an electric wire, invented in 1831) and the electric relay (1835).
References
Other Websites
1797 births
1878 deaths
American physicists
People from Albany, New York
Scientists from New York (state)
Holly Marie Combs

Holly Marie Combs (born December 3, 1973 in San Diego, California) is an American actress. She is best known for working on the television series Charmed. Before Charmed, she work in the TV series Picket Fences.
Other websites
1973 births
Living people
Combs, Holly Marie
Charmed
Actors from San Diego, California
Ethylene

Ethylene or ethene is a chemical compound with two carbon atoms and four hydrogen atoms in each molecule. These molecules are put together with a double bond that makes it a hydrocarbon. It is very important in industry and has even been used in biology as a hormone. It is also the most made chemical. About 75 million tons of it have been made each year since 2005. Its biggest use is to make polyethylene.
History
Since 1795, ethylene was called an olefiant gas, or oil making gas. This was because it came together with chlorine to make the oil of the Dutch chemists.
In 1866, the German chemist August Wilhelm von Hofmann came up with a system for naming hydrocarbons. The suffixes -ane, -ene, -ine, -one, and -une were used to call the hydrocarbons with 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 fewer hydrogen atoms than the alkane it came from. Because of this system, ethylene became ethene.
In 1979, the IUPAC decided that ethylene would stay ethylene.
How it is made
Ethylene is made in the chemical industry by steam cracking. Some of the parts of an ethylene plant can be:
The steam cracking furnaces;
Heat recovery systems;
A steam recycling system;
A system to compress the cracked gas;
A system to remove acid gas;
There are other systems in an ethylene plant. The systems listed above were the most important systems in an ethylene plant.
Since making ethylene uses a lot of energy, the people making the ethylene try very hard to keep the heat from the gasses from leaving the furnaces.
References
Other websites
International Chemical Safety Card 0475
2
Halloween: Resurrection

Halloween: Resurrection is a 2002 American horror movie. It is the eighth movie in the Halloween movie series. In the movie, the masked serial killer Michael Myers continues killing in his hometown of Haddonfield. This time it is in his old childhood home, which is being used for a live internet horror show. In this movie, Michael Myers finally kills his sister Laurie Strode while she was in an asylum. The movie was released in July 12, 2002.
Other websites
Halloween: Resurrection at FEARnet
2002 horror movies
Halloween movies
American crime movies
American horror movies
English-language movies
Movies set in Illinois
Sequel movies
Movies directed by Rick Rosenthal
Movies set in psychiatric hospitals
Rocket Mania!

Rocket Mania is a computer puzzle video game made by Nuclide Games and PopCap Games.
Gameplay
The player rotates fuses to launch rockets. Multiple rockets can be launched because the fuses have junctions. Players can get coins for launching rockets. Five coins will upgrade a rocket. The player goes through different ranks by earning points. Combos can also happen if a fuse launches and then falls.
Modes
Classic
The game starts at night, with a time limit. Depending on the level, the player will launch a certain number of rockets before they level up. The dragon automatically upgrades the rockets with coins, which in turn gives the player more points. Other types of items can also be awarded. Item values are based on rockets.
Arcade
The game starts empty, with tiles filling up the board. The player must lead fuses to rockets before the board fills.
Strategy
The player starts with a number of matches. Launching multiple rockets will bring bonus matches to the board, but they will burn out if left there. If the match is carried by the fuse light, the player gets the match. The game ends if the player runs out of matches.
Puzzle video games
Jason Roberts

Jason Roberts (born 25 January 1978) is a retired Grenadian football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1997/98||Hayes||Conference||3||5||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||3||5
|-
|1997/98||Torquay United||Third Division||14||6||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||14||6
|-
|1997/98||Bristol City||Second Division||3||1||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||3||1
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="2"|Bristol Rovers||rowspan="2"|Second Division||37||16||5||7||2||0||colspan="2"|-||44||23
|-
|1999/00||41||22||1||0||4||3||colspan="2"|-||46||25
|-
|2000/01||rowspan="3"|West Bromwich Albion||rowspan="2"|First Division||45||15||1||0||4||2||colspan="2"|-||50||17
|-
|2001/02||14||7||3||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||17||7
|-
|2002/03||Premier League||32||3||2||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||34||3
|-
|2003/04||Portsmouth||Premier League||10||1||0||0||2||3||colspan="2"|-||12||4
|-
|2003/04||rowspan="3"|Wigan Athletic||First Division||14||8||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||14||8
|-
|2004/05||League Championship||45||21||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||46||21
|-
|2005/06||Premier League||34||8||3||2||6||4||colspan="2"|-||43||14
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="4"|Blackburn Rovers||rowspan="4"|Premier League||18||4||3||1||1||0||3||0||25||5
|-
|2007/08||26||3||0||0||1||0||3||2||30||5
|-
|2008/09||26||7||4||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||30||7
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
362||127||23||10||20||12||6||2||411||151
362||127||23||10||20||12||6||2||411||151
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1999||||
|-
|2000||2||0
|-
|2001||0||0
|-
|2002||0||0
|-
|2003||0||0
|-
|2004||5||4
|-
|2005||0||0
|-
|2006||0||0
|-
|2007||0||0
|-
|2008||3||3
|-
!Total||10||7
|}
References
1978 births
Living people
Grenadian people
British footballers
Survival mode

Survival mode is a video game mode. In this mode a player must continue playing for as long as possible without dying. It must be done in one session with no interruptions. This is while the game becomes more difficult by adding waves of challenges.
References
Video game design
Video game gameplay
Now

Now is the time span between the past and the future. It can be long (like an eon in geologic time) or short (like a picosecond) but it is almost always used to refer to the span between the present instant to some time horizon when a decision must be made. It can be used to ask or demand that someone make a decision even if they want to delay.
"I want to know what you think, now."
"What do you think now?"
"Now is the time for all good people to come to the aid of their country."
Mathematics and measurement assume that everything used in one equation equals the same quantities at the beginning of calculation or axiomatization as at the end. That means it is mathematically correct to say that the idea of "equal" means "equal from the time the process starts to the time it ends." In General Semantics and E Prime the words equal, remain (for the past until now) and become (for now into the future) replace the verb "to be" for this reason.
Algebra is now often called snapshot algebra or algebra of seeing because of this dependence on time. If any action or event were possible between steps in algebraic analysis, then, in theory, one would have to start over as if one had no knowledge of the new state at all. For these reasons the idea of statistics and also knowledge and knowledge management are sometimes questioned, for instance, in the book Lies, Damn Lies, and Statistics. A major issue is the comparing of numbers gathered in the past, and now, after some key conditions change.
Basic English 850 words
Anne Hidalgo

Ana Maria "Anne" Hidalgo Aleu (; born 19 June 1959) is a French politician. She is the Mayor of Paris since 2014. She is the first woman to hold the office. She was born in Spain.
She is a member of the Socialist Party since 1994. She was the First Deputy Mayor of Paris under Bertrand Delanoe (2001-2014), holding the title of Paris City Councillor from the 15th arrondissement since 9 March 2001.
She is trying to reduce car traffic in Paris, and wants wider pavements, more trees and more cycling. She is setting up 60 km of bicycle lanes. She is stopping sewers from emptying into the River Seine.
On 12 September 2021, Hidalgo announced her candidacy for President of France in the 2022 presidential election. She came in tenth place in the election, winning 1.75% of the vote.
References
1959 births
Living people
Mayors of Paris
Socialist Party (France) politicians
Spanish people
Gail Dines

Gail Dines (July 29, 1958 in Manchester) is a British-American radical feminist and anti-pornography activist. Her book Pornland: How Porn Has Hijacked our Sexuality was published in 2010. She is Jewish.
She moved to the United States in 1986. She is Professor of Sociology and Women's Studies at Wheelock College in Boston.
Dines says that modern pornography is cruel and violent. She started a group called Stop Porn Culture.
References
1958 births
Living people
American activists
American feminist writers
American radical feminists
American sociologists
Anti-pornography activists
British activists
British feminists
British sociologists
Feminist writers
Jewish activists
Jewish American academics
Jewish American writers
Jewish British writers
Jewish feminists
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Manchester
Radical feminists
Donald M. Kendall

Donald Mcintosh "Don" Kendall (March 16, 1921 - September 19, 2020) was an American businessman and political adviser. He was CEO of Pepsi Cola and as CEO of PepsiCo from 1971 to 1986. Kendall was born in Sequim, Washington.
Kendall died on September 19, 2020 in Greenwich, Connecticut at the age of 99.
References
1921 births
2020 deaths
Businesspeople from Washington (state)
Edappadi K. Palaniswami

Edappadi K. Palaniswami is an Indian politician. He is the Former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. From 2023, Palaniswami is the general secretary of the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, a Dravidian party.
Early life
Edappadi K. Palaniswamy was born on 12th May 1954. He was born in Siluvampalayam village in Salem district. His father's name is Mr.Karuppa Gounder . His Mother's name is Thavasi Ammal.
Politics
Palaniswami has won the state assembly elections four times from the Edapadi constituency. He won the elections in the years of 1989, 1991, 2011 and 2016.
References
Tamil Nadu politicians
Alfredo Ramos (Brazilian footballer)

Alfredo Ramos de Oliveira (27 October 1924 - 31 July 2012) was a Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.
1924 births
2012 deaths
Brazilian footballers
Brazilian football managers
1954 FIFA World Cup players
Association football defenders
Destructive distillation

Destructive distillation is a chemical process. During destructive distallation decomposition of unprocessed material is caused by heating the material to a high temperature. The term usually applies to processing of organic material in an area with little or no oxygen or other reagents, catalysts, or solvents. These would include things such as steam or phenols. It is an use of pyrolysis. The process breaks up or 'cracks' large molecules. Coke, coal gas, gaseous carbon, coal tar, ammonia liquor, and coal oil are examples of things made by the destructive distillation of coal.
Chemical processes
Quizmania

Quizmania was a quiz television show on ITV Play. Viewers at home phoned in to guess answers to questions to win money.
Quizmania was on ITV from 2005 to 2007. It has been online since 2008.
Presenters
Debbie King
Greg Scott
Lee Baldry
Nigel Mitchell
Chuck Thomas
Lottie Mayor
Tim Lichfield
Stuart Headlam
Kirsty Duffy
Lee Clark
2005 British television series debuts
2000s British television series
ITV game shows
Castasegna

Castasegna was a municipality of the district Maloja in the canton of Graubunden in Switzerland. It is part of the municipality of Bregaglia.
Other websites
Former municipalities of Graubunden
4th of July, Asbury Park (Sandy)

"4th of July, Asbury Park (Sandy)" is a 1973 song by Bruce Springsteen and appeared on his second studio album The Wild, the Innocent & the E Street Shuffle. It was covered by British band The Hollies for their 15th studio album Another Night. It went to number 12 in New Zealand and number 85 in the United States.
References
1973 songs
1970s ballads
Folk ballads
Rock ballads
Folk rock songs
Bruce Springsteen songs
The Hollies songs
Air Supply songs
Ben E. King songs
Kiss (band) songs
Bewcastle

Bewcastle is a village and civil parish in City of Carlisle, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 411 people living in Bewcastle.
References
Villages in Cumbria
Civil parishes in Cumbria
Khirlepposi

Khirlepposi or Khirleppos' Melesh (; , Hirleppus Meles) is a locality (a village) in Tautovskoye Rural Settlement of Alikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia, located west of Alikovo, the administrative center of the district. Population: 245 (2006 est.), mostly females; 539 (1926); 482 (1907); 141 (1859).
Etymology
The name of the village is derived from the Chuvash words "" (the name of the river flowing through the village) and "" ("beginning"). "" was the name of the first settler.
Geography
The Khirlep River flows through the village.
Cheboksary-Alikovo-Krasnye Chetai auto route passes near the village.
History
The village was first mentioned in July 1774, when Yemelyan Pugachev passed near it. First school in Khirlepposi opened in 1895.
As the village grew, some of its residents moved out to found new villages in Alikovsky (Small Melesh (or Pavlooshkan'), Toropkasy, New Selo (now it's Azamat), Khitekooshkan', Khoravary) and Krasnochetaisky (Melesh) Districts.
Until 1927, Khirlepposi was a part of Alikovskaya Volost of Yadrinsky Uyezd. On July 1, 1927, the village was incorporated into Alikovsky District and on December 20, 1962 it was transferred to Vurnarsky District. On March 14, 1965, it was returned to Alikovsky District.
Infrastructure
The facilities in Khirlepposi include a club, a library, a first-aid post, and a store.
There are five streets in the village: Tsentralnaya (, earlier ), Komsomolskaya (), Kooperativnaya (), Pereulochnaya (, earlier and ), and Shkolnaya ().
Climate
The climate is moderately continental, with long cold winters and warm summers. Average January temperature is ; average July temperature is . Record low of was recorded in 1979, and the record high was . Average annual precipitation is up to .
Notable people
Anatoly Ivanovich Platonov (b. 1952), Head of Alikovsky District Administration (as of December 2007)
Gennady Sapozhnikov (1933-2004), scientist, biologist
Nikita Larionov, Chuvash, writer and poet (here young writer is creating first novel).
References
Further reading
L. A. Yefimov, "" (Alikovsky District), Alikovo, 1994
"Alikovskaia entsiklopediia" (Alikovsky District's EncYclopedia), authors: Yefimov L.A., Yefimov E.L., Ananyev A.A., Terentyev G.K., Cheboksary, 2009, .
"Alikovskomu raionu 75 let. Ocherki i materialy po istorii raiona", pod red. L. A. Efimova, Shupashkar, 2002.
Alikovsky District
Division of La Trobe

The Division of La Trobe is an Australian Electoral Division in the state of Victoria. It covers the outer south-eastern suburbs of Melbourne. At first it was closer to the city, but boundaries have since been changed. It originally included the suburbs of Croydon, Dandenong, Ferntree Gully and Ringwood. It now includes Boronia, Belgrave, Ferntree Gully, Berwick, Beaconsfield, Officer, Gembrook, Emerald and Cockatoo.
The Division was set up in 1949, and named after Charles La Trobe, the first Lieutenant-Governor of Victoria.
Members
The first person to hold the seat was Richard Casey, Baron Casey, later the 16th Governor-General of Australia. He was later given a seat in the British House of Lords. The Division of Casey, which is next to La Trobe, is named after him. In 1961, the division was the subject of a book, Parties and People: A Survey Based on the La Trobe Electorate, by Creighton Burns.
Election results
References
Other websites
Division of La Trobe - Australian Electoral Commission
Jason Wood's website
Electoral divisions of Australia
Victoria, Australia
1949 establishments in Australia
Moga Festival

Moga Festival (mhrjn mwng: Arabe:) is an Electronic Music Festival held annually in Essaouira, Morocco, inspired by the decorations of the series Game of Thrones.
History
The festival founded in 2016 by Matthieu Corosine, Abdeslam Alaoui and Benoit Geli, is an event dedicated to contemporary music and digital arts. It has a program in the sets of the series Game of Thrones in Essaouira to connect international musicians and Moroccan artists (Gnawa Maalems) with electronic music culture.Each year, the Festival represent traditional Moroccan and electronic music for original projects created in this city, presented on stage during the festival.
Program
Moga festival invites amateur artists and musical groups to perform in this event for 5 days. They contribute to the development of the youth music scene through meetings in front of the public. The festival also has activities and workshops besides music to the community.
Related pages
Essaouira
Gnaoua
References
Morocco
Music festivals
Yehudi Menuhin School

The Yehudi Menuhin School is a private music school in Cobham, Surrey, England. It was started in 1963 by the violinist Yehudi Menuhin.
The school is very small: there are about sixty pupils who are boys and girls between the ages of eight and nineteen. The children must have extremely good musical talent. They all play at least one musical instrument: either a stringed instrument or piano. They are taught other subjects as well, but music is the most important subject, and they are given lots of time to practise their instrument as well as music lessons to help them develop their special musical skills in classical music. Famous musicians who were pupils at the school include Nicola Benedetti, Nigel Kennedy, Tasmin Little and Alina Ibragimova.
Ofsted rate the school as 'outstanding'.
References
Other websites
Official school website
1963 establishments in England
Schools in England
Organisations based in Surrey
Hartley, Cumbria

Hartley is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 133 people living in Hartley.
References
Villages in Cumbria
Civil parishes in Cumbria
Chapakot Municipality

Chapakot is a municipality in the southeastern part of Syangja District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. It is in the western region of Nepal. On 18 May 2014, the new municipality was formed by merging three existing villages. These were Ratnapur, Kuwakot and Chapakot. The office of the new municipality is the former Chapakot village development committee (VDC).
At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Chapakot village had a population of 4,702. It had 1087 individual households. But now the total population is 12,742. There are now 2,902 individual households. It is on a plain surrounded by hills. To the east of Chapakot was Ratnapur VDC. To the west was Kuwakot VDC. The Kali Gandaki divides it from Palpa District to the south. To the north is Keware Bhanjyang.
References
Other websites
Chapakot Municipality
Municipalities of Nepal
Émiéville

Emieville is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Calvados
Beer-Lambert law

The Beer-Lambert law, also known as Beer's law, the Lambert-Beer law, or the Beer-Lambert-Bouguer law is a scientific law. It deals with the absorption of light moving through a material. The law is commonly used with chemical analysis measurements. It is used in understanding attenuation in physical optics, for photons, or neutrons. In mathematical physics, this law is a solution of the BGK equation.
References
Laws of physics
Optics
Color
Crawford County, Indiana

Crawford County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2010, 10,713 people lived there. The county seat is English.
References
1818 establishments in Indiana
Indiana counties
Andre Geim

Sir Andre K. Geim (; born 21 October 1958) is a Russian-born Dutch-British physicist. He works at the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Manchester.
Geim was awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics with Konstantin Novoselov for his work on graphene.
He is Regius Professor of Physics and Royal Society Research Professor at the National Graphene Institute. He was born in Sochi, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union.
References
1958 births
Living people
Russian physicists
Dutch physicists
British physicists
Academics of the University of Manchester
Li Jialun

Li Jialun is an archer from China. He was born on 13 January 1993 in Yantai. Jialun competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
References
Other websites
1993 births
Living people
Chinese archers
Chinese Olympians
Sargé-lès-le-Mans

Sarge-les-le-Mans is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.
Communes in Sarthe
Saint-Pierre-Aigle

Saint-Pierre-Aigle is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Auga

Auga is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Auga
Torosaurus

Torosaurus (meaning "pierced lizard") was a large, quadrupedal, plant-eating Ceratopsian dinosaur with three horns on its large head. Torosaurus hatched from eggs and may have lived in herds.
Torosaurus lived during the Upper Cretaceous, about 70-65 million years ago, in what is now western North America. It was similar to Triceratops. Some had thought that Triceratops was a younger form of Torosaurus.
However, latest thinking is that the two are definitely different genera.<ref>Bowdler, Neil 2012. BBC News Science & Environment. Triceratops and Torosaurus dinosaurs 'two species, not one''' </ref> In 2011, 2012 and 2013, studies of external features of known specimens decided that shape and development differences mean the two genera are not synonyms. The main problems in the "one genus" idea are: Farke A.A. 2011. Anatomy and taxonomic status of the chasmosaurine ceratopsid Nedoceratops hatcheri from the Upper Cretaceous Lance Formation of Wyoming, U.S.A. PLoS ONE 6 (1): e16196.
A lack of good transitional forms,
The apparent existence of authentic Torosaurus'' subadults, different skull proportions independent of maturation
The hole formation at an adult stage is not part of a normal ceratopsian growth sequence.
References
Ceratopsids
Bracha Peli

Bracha Peli (1892-1986) was the owner of the Massada Publishing house in Israel. Massada or Massadah published the six volumes of The General Encyclopedia in Israel. She and her son then started the Encyclopaedia Hebraica. She starting the Annual Hebrew Book Week in 1926.
Bronya Kutzenok was born in what is now the Ukraine in a small village called Starovitzky. Her family were Hasidic Jews. She changed her surname when she married a man called Meir. They changed their surname again in Israel to Peli. In the Ukraine she started a school that had 400 children in one year. Bronya and Meir left the Ukraine in 1921 and went to Tel Aviv in Mandatory Palestine.
In Tel Aviv, Peli was the owner of the Massada Publishing house. She published the six volumes of The General Encyclopedia in Israel. She and her son then started the Encyclopaedia Hebraica. The new books were written in the Hebrew language. She starting the Annual Hebrew Book Week in 1926. The new encyclopedia was not finished until 1980.
References
1892 births
1986 deaths
Israeli businesspeople
Israeli Jews
Jewish businesspeople
Naturalized citizens of Israel
People from Kyiv
Publishers
Soviet Jews
Teachers
Ukrainian Jews
Chicago River

The Chicago River is 156 miles long (251 km) and goes through the city of Chicago, Illinois, including the center of the city (the Chicago Loop). The river is not long, but it is known for being the reason why Chicago became an important place, as the connection between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi Valley waterways. The river is the only river in the world to be reversed (which is, made to flow backwards, in the opposite of its natural direction) by civil engineering.
History
In the 19th century through civil engineering, the flow of the river was reversed to head toward the Mississippi River basin, away from Lake Michigan. This was done for reasons of sanitation through the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal. The Chicago River is also noted for the local custom of dyeing it green on St. Patrick's Day. The river is controlled for boats or ships going through the river.
The river is memorialized, in part, by two horizontal blue stripes on the Municipal Flag of Chicago. The river also serves as inspiration for one of Chicago's symbols: a three-branched, Y-shaped symbol (called the municipal device) is found on many buildings and other structures throughout Chicago; it represents the three branches of the Chicago River.
Main Stem
The Main Stem flows 1.5 miles (2.4 km) west from the direction at Lake Michigan; passing under the Outer Drive, Columbus Drive, Michigan Avenue, Wabash Avenue, State Street, Dearborn Street, Clark Street, La Salle Street, Wells Street, and Franklin Street bridges en route to the North Branch at Wolf Point.
At McClurg Court it passes the Nicholas J Melas Centennial Fountain, which was built in 1989 to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago; between May and October the fountain sends an arc of water over the river for ten minutes every hour.
For the Chicago Cubs rally and parade for their 2016 World Series Championship celebrations, the river was dyed Cubs blue.
North bank
On the north bank of the river, near the Chicago Landmark Michigan Avenue Bridge, is Pioneer Court, which marks the site where Jean Baptiste Point du Sable came to Chicago. Point du Sable is known as the founder of Chicago. On the south bank of the river is the site of Fort Dearborn. Well known buildings surrounding this area include the NBC Tower, the Tribune Tower, and the Wrigley Building.
Center
The river turns slightly to the south west between Michigan Avenue and State Street, passing the Trump International Hotel and Tower, 35 East Wacker, and 330 North Wabash. Turning west again the river passes Marina City, the Reid, Murdoch & Co. Building, Merchandise Mart, and 333 Wacker Drive.
References
Other websites
Friends of the Chicago River
GreenChicagoRiver.com
Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago
Geography of Chicago
Rivers of Illinois
283

Year 283 (CCLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
Roman Empire
Emperor Carus travels through Thrace and Asia Minor. He invades Syria and Mesopotamia.
Carus gets the title of Persicus Maximus.
Carus dies. During a violent dust storm he is killed by a stroke of lightning.
Marcus Aurelius Carinus succeeds his father Carus.
December - Numerian is made Emperor by his soldiers.
By topic
Religion
December 17 - Pope Caius succeeds Pope Eutychian as the 28th pope.
Births
Eusebius of Vercelli, bishop and saint (approximate date)
Ge Hong, Chinese taoist and government official (d. 343)
Deaths
December 7 - Pope Eutychian
Marcus Aurelius Carus, Roman emperor (b. 224)
Shan Tao, Chinese taoist (b. 205)
280s
Resistentialism

Resistentialism is a joke theory about objects intentionally being mean to humans. Objects like lost keys, broken printers, or bouncing balls are said to dislike us. It is said to be a battle between humans and objects causing small troubles. The idea was named "Resistentialism" in 1948 by writer Paul Jennings. It is a playful imitation of existentialism, with a slogan saying "Things are against us."
Similar concepts
The hostile nature of the universe has always been a topic of discussion throughout history. It has been observed in laws like Murphy's law, Finagle's law, and Sod's law.
References
Humor
White Pines Forest State Park

White Pines Forest State Park, also known as White Pines State Park, is an Illinois state park in Ogle County, Illinois.
Geography of Illinois
State parks in the United States
Zulfiqar Ghouri

Zulfiqar Ghouri is a Pakistani politician who has been the member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, since May 2013.
Early life and education
He was born on 31 March 1955 in Sialkot.
He received intermediate level education from Government Murray College, Sialkot in 1973.
Political career
He was elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a candidate of Pakistan Muslim League (N) on reserved seat for minorities in Pakistani general election, 2013.
References
1955 births
Living people
Politicians from Punjab, Pakistan
10239 Hermann

10239 Hermann (1998 TY30) is a main-belt asteroid.
Other websites
JPL Small-Body Database Browser on 10239 Hermann
Hermann
Krusty the Clown (The Simpsons episode)

"Krusty the Clown" is the 8th episode of the 30th season of The Simpsons. It was first shown on the Fox network on November 25, 2018.
References
The Simpsons (season 30) episodes
2018 television episodes
Linda Henry

Linda Varilis (nee Henry; born 24 August 1959) is an English actress. She is best known for portraying the roles of Yvonne Atkins in the ITV prison-based drama series Bad Girls (1999-2003), and Shirley Carter in the BBC One soap opera EastEnders (2006-present). She had previously appeared in EastEnders as the original Lorraine Salter (1991-1992).
Early life
Henry was born and raised in Peckham, London.
Other websites
1959 births
Living people
English television actors
English movie actors
Actors from London
People from Peckham
Hercé

Herce is a commune of 335 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Mayenne
Howie Morales

Henry C. "Howie" Morales (born January 5, 1973) is an American politician and educator. He is the 30th Lieutenant Governor of New Mexico since 2019. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Morales was the New Mexico State Senator from 2008 until 2019.
References
1973 births
Living people
Lieutenant Governors of New Mexico
Democratic Party (United States) politicians