pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Bruce Babbitt

Bruce Edward Babbitt (born June 27, 1938) is an American politician from the state of Arizona. A member of the Democratic Party, Babbitt served as the 16th governor of Arizona from 1978 to 1987, and as the United States Secretary of the Interior from 1993 through 2001. He unsuccessfully ran for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States in 1988.
Babbitt was born in Flagstaff, Arizona, the son of Frances B. (Perry) and Paul James Babbitt, Sr. He graduated from the University of Notre Dame.
He married Harriet Coons (known as Hattie) in 1968. She has worked as an attorney in Arizona and Washington, D.C., and served as United States Ambassador to the Organization of American States from 1993 to 1997, and as Deputy Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development from 1997 to 2001 during the Clinton Administration.
In 1993, after Byron White retired from the Supreme Court, Babbitt was seen as a top pick for his replacement. President Clinton picked Ruth Bader Ginsburg instead.
References
1938 births
Living people
Lawyers from Arizona
United States Secretaries of the Interior
Governors of Arizona
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
1988 United States presidential candidates
People from Flagstaff, Arizona
United Kingdom of the Netherlands

The United Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815-1839) is the unofficial name used for the Kingdom of the Netherlands. This was after it was first made from part of the First French Empire and before the new Kingdom of Belgium split off from it in 1830. Most of it is still today the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It was made up of the former Dutch Republic to the north, the former Austrian Netherlands to the south, and the former Prince-Bishopric of Liege. The House of Orange-Nassau were the monarchs.Also unites Benelux.
The United Kingdom of the Netherlands ended after the 1831 Belgian Revolution. William I, King of the Netherlands did not recognize a Belgian state until 1839. He was made to sign the Treaty of London. Only at this time were borders agreed.In the treaty was sad it that Belgium was neutral.
1815 establishments in Europe
History of Belgium
1839 disestablishments
19th-century disestablishments in Europe
Former monarchies of Europe
Olivier Léonhardt

Olivier Leonhardt (29 January 1964 - 2 February 2022) was a French politician. He was a member of the Socialist Party and later the Miscellaneous left. He was in the Senate from 2017 until his death. He was also the Mayor of Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois from 2001 until his death. He was born in Suresnes, France.
Leonhardt died of cancer on 2 February 2022, four days after his 58th birthday.
References
1964 births
2022 deaths
French mayors
Cancer deaths in France
Koji Sasaki

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Sasaki was born on January 30, 1936. After graduating from Kansai University, he joined Dunlop Japan in 1958.
On December 25, 1958, he debuted for the Japan national team against Hong Kong. He played 14 games and scored 1 goal for Japan until 1961.
Statistics
|-
|1958||2||0
|-
|1959||8||0
|-
|1960||1||3
|-
|1961||3||0
|-
!Total||14||1
|}
References
Other websites
1936 births
Living people
Japanese footballers
Japan international footballers
Nyssa (Doctor Who)

Nyssa is a fictional character in the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who. She is played by Sarah Sutton. Nyssa came from the planet Traken. Nyssa was created by writer Johnny Byrne for the Fourth Doctor serial The Keeper of Traken, but the production team later decided that she should join the Doctor on his travels. She returned in the next serial Logopolis, in which the Fourth Doctor regenerated, and remained as a companion of the Fifth Doctor. She was a regular in the programme from 1981 to 1983. Sutton was the youngest female actor to play a companion in the series.
Character history
Nyssa is a alien from the planet Traken, the daughter of Tremas (a consul of the Traken Union) and stepdaughter of Kassia. She helps the Doctor and Adric to defeat Master. During her journeys with Tegan and Adric aboard the TARDIS, Nyssa finds herself trapped in a mathematical equation by the Master - whom she hates as he is, of course, now using "that face" (her father's). She also encounters a race of androids and their insane ruler, helps foil the genocidal plans of a wounded Terileptil and incidentally start the Great Fire of London, and discovers her remarkable resemblance to Ann Talbot.
Appearances in other media
Nyssa's fate after she leaves the TARDIS is not known, although the spin-off novel Asylum, by Peter Darvill-Evans, reveals that she eventually leaves Terminus and settles down as an academic in a university on an unspecified planet. In Asylum, Nyssa shares an adventure with the Fourth Doctor from a time before he met her, leaving the Doctor with the knowledge that he will have to be extremely careful dealing with Nyssa when they eventually meet to avoid changing history.
Since then, Sutton has also voiced Nyssa in several audio plays alongside Peter Davison as the Fifth Doctor, produced by Big Finish Productions.
List of appearances
Television
Season 18
The Keeper of Traken
Logopolis
Season 19
Castrovalva
Four to Doomsday
Kinda
The Visitation
Black Orchid
Earthshock
Time-Flight
Season 20
Arc of Infinity
Snakedance
Mawdryn Undead
Terminus
Season 21
The Caves of Androzani (cameo)
30th anniversary special
Dimensions in Time
Audio dramas
The Land of the Dead
Winter for the Adept
The Mutant Phase
Primeval
Spare Parts
Creatures of Beauty
The Game
Circular Time
Renaissance of the Daleks
Return to the Web Planet
The Haunting of Thomas Brewster
The Boy That Time Forgot
Time Reef & A Perfect World
The Darkening Eye
Novels
Virgin Missing Adventures
Goth Opera by Paul Cornell
The Sands of Time by Justin Richards
Cold Fusion by Lance Parkin
Past Doctor Adventures
Zeta Major by Simon Messingham
Divided Loyalties by Gary Russell
Asylum by Peter Darvill-Evans
Fear of the Dark by Trevor Baxendale
Empire of Death by David Bishop
Comics
"On The Planet Isopterus" by Glenn Rix (Doctor Who Annual 1983)
"Blood Invocation" by Paul Cornell and John Ridgway (Doctor Who Magazine Yearbook 1995)
Other websites
Nyssa at The TARDIS Index File website
Nyssa on the BBC's Doctor Who website
Doctor Who characters
Kingsley Coman

Kingsley Junior Coman (born 13 June 1996) is a French professional footballer who plays as a winger for Bayern Munich and the France national team.
References
1996 births
Footballers from Paris
Association football midfielders
UEFA Euro 2016 players
Living people
FC Bayern Munchen players
2022 FIFA World Cup players
The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money

The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money is the title of a book by John Maynard Keynes. The book is generally considered to be his masterpiece. It is largely credited with creating the terminology and shape of modern macroeconomics. Published in February 1936, it sought to bring about a revolution, commonly referred to as the "Keynesian Revolution", in the way economists thought - especially in relation to the proposition that a market economy tends naturally to restore itself to full employment after temporary shocks. Regarded widely as the cornerstone of Keynesian thought, the book challenged the established classical economics and introduced important concepts such as the consumption function, the multiplier, the marginal efficiency of capital, the principle of effective demand and liquidity preference.
References
Macroeconomics
Economics books
1936 books
Finland at the Olympics

Finland was first at the Olympic Games in 1908.
The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Finland is FIN.
History
Teams from Finland have been in every Summer Olympic Games and every Winter Olympic Games since then. Finland was also the host nation for the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki.
Finnish athletes have won a total of 299 medals at the Summer Games, mostly in athletics and wrestling. Finland has also won 151 medals at the Winter Games, mostly in Nordic skiing events.
The National Olympic Committee for Finland is the Finnish Olympic Committee. It was formed and recognized in 1907, when Finland was a part of the Russian Empire.
Medal tables
Medals by Summer Games
Medals by Winter Games
Medals by summer sport
This table of summer sports does not include the gold medal won in Figure skating at the 1920 Summer Olympics.
Medals by winter sport
*Total medal counts include a gold medal in Figure skating at the 1920 Summer Olympics. This medal is in the summer games medal totals and the winter sport medal totals. This is why the totals for summer and winter games do not match the totals for summer and winter sports.
Related pages
List of IOC country codes
References
Other websites
Finland at Olympic.org
Nations at the Olympics
Sport in Finland
Rameshraj Tewarikar

Rameshraj Tewarikar (born 15 March, 1954) Hindi is a scholar, poet. He is famous for his distinctive talent in the area of Satire and Rasa, and they are one of the major scholars who develop the Tewari and Rasa tradition of poetry.
Early life
Rameshraj Tewarikar was born on March 15, 1954 in village Aice, district - Aligarh, (Uttar Pradesh). His full name is Ramesh Chandra Gupta and his father Ramcharan Gupta was Brajbhasha folk writer and freedom fighter. while his mother Ganga Devi was an ordinary homemaker. From childhood, He was interested in participating in the school's cultural programs. In childhood, he received literary guidance from his poet-father and through his seminar of poet-friends. He received informal education of poetry writing. He also edited the 'Tewari-Paksh' magazine.
Published works
Abhi Zuban Kati Nahin (Tewari- collection)
Kabir Zinda Hai (Tewri-collection)
Itihas Ghayal Hai (Tewari -collections)
Ek Prahar: Lagatar (Tewari- collection)
Auto-complete works
Tewari Main Ras Samasya Aur Samadhan
Vichar Aur Ras(Critical Essay)
Virodh-Ras
Kavya Ki Aatma Aur Aatmiyakaran
Tewari-Shatak
Long Tewaries
Aag De Lanka Main, Jai Kanhaiyalal Ki, Ghada Pap Ka Bhar Raha, Man Ke Ghav Naye Na, Dhan Ka Mad Gad-Gad Kare, Mera Hal Sodium Sa Hai, Ravan-Kul Ke Log, Anatar Aah Anant Ati,Puchh Na Kabira Jag Ka Hal, Rameshraj Ke Charchit Tewari-Sangrah
Shatak (Centuries)
Udhau Kahiyo Jaay (Tewari-collection), Madhu-sa-la (Century), Jo Gopi Madhu Ban Gayin (Doha-Century), There is an allpin (Doha-Century),Nadiya Par Hindolana (Doha-Century), Pujata Ab Chhal (Haiku-century)
Freehand Poem-collection
Didi Tum Nadi Ho, Wh Yani Mohan Swaroop
Child-poems
Radhtriya Bal Kavitayein
Awards and Honors
'Sahitya-Shree', Aligarh,
'U.P. Gaurav ', Aligarh'
Tevari-Taapas', Hosangabad (MP)
'Shikshar-Shree', Aligarh
Abhinandan-Sur Sahitya Sangam,Etah
Parivartan Tewari Ratna, Bulandshashr
He has been honored with many awards.
1954 births
People from Uttar Pradesh
Living people
Indian poets
Lance Cairns

Bernard Lance Cairns (born 10 October 1949) is a retired New Zealand cricketer. He played for the New Zealand cricket team. His son is the New Zealand cricketer Chris Cairns.
References
1949 births
Living people
New Zealand cricketers
Normal (geometry)

In geometry, an object (such as a line) is called normal, if it is at a right angle to another object.
Geometry
Database of Molecular Motions

The Database of Macromolecular Motions is a bioinformatics computer database on the Internet. It attempts to divide motions of protein and some RNA biological molecules into different types.
Description
It was originally made by Mark B. Gerstein, Werner G. Krebs and Nat Echols in the molecular biophysics and biochemistry group at Yale University. People can use an Internet page to search this computer database for a particular motion by either the protein name or Protein Data Bank number. However, many people find this computer database by just coming over from the Internet page for the protein entry at the Protein Data Bank. For proteins found in both computer databases, this different computer database often gives a link back to the Internet page for the protein on this Internet site.
The computer database includes an Internet tool or free Software as a service (the "Morph server") which lets
non-experts see certain protein motions through the generation of short motion pictures. The motion pictures are made automatically by computer software on the Internet site. When done the Internet site sends an email with the motion picture information back to the user.
The "Morph Server" tool was originally a research tool rather than a tool for making motion pictures, and thus offered
only limited user control over rendering, color, and point of view, and the original method
sometimes required a fair amount of computer time to complete. Since the site's
initial introduction in 1996, the Internet site has been made better
to try to fix some of these issues as well
as add new things.
Other people have now made alternative systems, such as MovieMaker from the University of Alberta.
References
Other websites
The Database of Macromolecular Motions (molmovdb)
Book Chapter on Protein Motions from website of RH Austin at Princeton University
Proteins
Databases
Chung Hae-won

Chung Hae-Won (, 1 July 1959 - 1 May 2020) was a South Korean football striker and coach. He scored two goals to give South Korea national football team a 2-1 win over North Korea national football team. He played for the national team in 1978 and again from 1980 to 1990. He also played for Busan IPark from 1983 to 1990.
Chung died on 1 May 2020 of liver cancer in Seoul, aged 60.
References
1959 births
2020 deaths
Cancer deaths in South Korea
Deaths from liver cancer
South Korean footballers
South Korean football managers
Ferfay

Ferfay is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Homer, Louisiana

Homer is the parish seat of Claiborne Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Parish seats in Louisiana
Towns in Louisiana
Settlements in Claiborne Parish, Louisiana
Brandon Pirri

Brandon Pirri (born April 10, 1991, in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre. He currently plays the Vegas Golden Knights of the National Hockey League (NHL).
Before he played in the NHL, Pirri played in the Ontario Junior Hockey League for the Streetsville Derbys and the Georgetown Raiders. He also played at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in the ECAC Hockey conference. He was drafted by the Blackhawks with the 59th overall pick in the 2009 NHL Entry Draft. He spends most of his time with the Blackhawks AHL farm team, the Rockford IceHogs.
On March 2, 2014, the Blackhawks traded Pirri to the Florida Panthers for a 2014 3rd round pick and a 2016 5th round pick.
References
Other websites
1992 births
Anaheim Ducks players
Living people
Canadian ice hockey centres
Chicago Blackhawks players
Florida Panthers players
New York Rangers players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Rockford IceHogs (AHL) players
Sportspeople from Toronto
American Hockey League players
Ray Phiri

Raymond Chikapa Enock Phiri (23 March 1947 - 12 July 2017) was a South African jazz guitarist, singer, fusion and mbaqanga musician. He was born in Mpumalanga to Malawian immigrant worker and South African guitarist nicknamed "Just Now" Phiri.
Phiri became founding member of the Cannibals in the 1970s. When the Cannibals disbanded Ray founded Stimela, with whom he conceived gold and platinum-selling albums like Fire, Passion and Ecstasy (1991), Look, Listen and Decide (1992) as well as the controversial People Don't Talk So Let's Talk.
Phiri died at the age of 70 on 12 July 2017 at a Nelspruit hospital from lung cancer.
References
Other websites
Profile on music.org.za
Profile on allmusic.com
1947 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from lung cancer
South African guitarists
Jazz singers
Air mass

An air mass is a volume of air defined by its temperature and water vapor content. Air masses cover many hundreds or thousands of square miles. Colder air masses are called polar or arctic, while warmer air masses are called tropical.
Meteorology
Frank Gifford

Francis Newton "Frank" Gifford (August 16, 1930 - August 9, 2015) was an American football player and television sportscaster. He was known for broadcasting on Monday Night Football. Gifford played for the New York Giants from 1952 through 1964. He was born in Santa Monica, California.
On August 9, 2015, Gifford died from a heart attack at his home in Greenwich, Connecticut, aged 84. He is survived by his wife of 29 years Kathie Lee Gifford. He suffered from Chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
References
1930 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
American television presenters
New York Giants players
Sportspeople from Santa Monica, California
Deaths from chronic traumatic encephalopathy
Feedback

Feedback is a connection, a loop, between the cause and effect of a process.
Electronic
Sometimes, output from an electronic source affects future input. This can form what is called a "feedback loop". In some cases the output reinforces the input, making it stronger; this is called "self-reinforcing", "positive", "runaway" or "amplifying". In other cases, the output blocks or stops some of the input; this is called a negative feedback loop.
Positive feedback
Think about a sound system with input from a microphone and output to a loudspeaker. If the sound coming out of the loudspeaker is heard by the microphone, a loop is created, from speaker, to the microphone, through the cord, and back into the speaker. The loop is made up of sound and the electrical energy that the microphone and loudspeaker use to create that sound. If nothing stops the sound and electricity in the loop, it will travel faster and faster, which is why feedback starts out as a low hum and turns into a high squeal very quickly
This is an example of a positive feedback loop: the output reinforces the input; it makes the input stronger.
Negative feedback
Think about two mirrors that face each other. The mirrors reflect each other infinitely, or forever, but in each reflection, the image in the mirror is slightly smaller than the image it reflects. The images get smaller and smaller until they are no longer visible. This is an example of a negative feedback loop: the output (the reflection) reduces the input; it makes the input smaller.
The runaway global warming hypothesis
Warm temperature caused a glacier to melt. As the glacier melts, areas that were at one time covered by snow and ice are now water or land. Because snow and ice reflect heat but water and land absorb heat, this causes the glacier to melt faster as more snow and ice is melted. This type of positive feedback is an example of thermal runaway.
Cybernetics
American mathematician Norbert Wiener made feedback loops more well known in 1948 in his book Cybernetics. Cybernetics is the study of feedback loops and their role in communication and control.
Engineering
Systems theory
The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck

The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck is a comic book painted and written by Don Rosa. To make it, Rosa needed to see Carl Barks's stories and the more important facts of Scrooge's fictional life.
Chapters
The story has 12 original parts, with more added later, that tell Scrooge's life:
Comic books
The Walt Disney Company
Makira-Ulawa Province

Makira-Ulawa is a province of the Solomon Islands. Its capital is Kirakira.
References
Provinces of the Solomon Islands
Cairo, Illinois

Cairo is a city in Illinois in the United States.
Cities in Illinois
County seats in Illinois
Tammisha

Tammisha (also spelled Tamisha or Tammishe; ) was a mediaeval city in Tabaristan. It is in the north of Iran, at the foot of the Alborz mountain. It was a very important place, and kings often lived there. The city was near Gurgan. It had a famous wall called the Tammisha Wall, which was built during the Sasanian era. It went from the Gorgan Bay and was 11 kilometres (6.8 miles) long.
References
Ancient settlements
Cities in Iran
Johan Kraag

Johannes Samuel Petrus "Johan" Kraag (July 29, 1913 - May 24, 1996) was a Surinamese politician. He was the President of Suriname from December 29, 1990, until September 16, 1991.
References
1913 births
1996 deaths
Presidents of Suriname
The Honor of the Fatherland

L'Honneur de la Patrie (The Honour of the Fatherland) is the national anthem of Niger. The lyrics and music were written by a committee. The anthem was adopted on June 22, 2023.
Lyrics
{|
|-valign=top
|width=33%|
French lyrics:
Des rives du Niger aux confins du Tenere
Freres et soeurs nous sommes
Enfants d'une meme Patrie le Niger
Nourris de la seve des memes ideaux
Pour un Niger de paix libre fort et uni
Pour un Niger prospere le Pays de nos r^ves
Pour l'honneur de la Patrie
Incarnons la vaillance et la perseverance
Et toutes les vertus de nos dignes aieux
Guerriers intrepides determines et fiers
Defendons la patrie au prix de notre sang
Faisons du Niger symbole de dignite
Embleme et flambeau de l'Afrique qui avance
Pour ces nobles ideaux debout et en avant
En avant pour le travail en avant pour le combat
Nous demeurons debout
Portant haut le drapeau de notre cher Pays
Dans le ciel d'Afrique et dans tout l'Univers
Pour construire ensemble
Un monde de justice de paix et de progres
Et pour faire du Niger la fierte de l'Afrique.
|width=33%|
English translation:
From the shores of the Niger to the edges of the Tenere
Brothers and sisters we are
Children of a same fatherland Niger
Fed of the sap of the same ideals
For a Niger of peace, free, strong, and united
For a prosperous Niger, the country of our dreams
For the honor of the fatherland
Let us incarnate the valiance and the perseverance
And all the virtues of our worthy forefathers
Intrepid, determined and proud warriors
Let us defend the homeland at the price of our blood
Let us make Niger the symbol of dignity
The emblem and torch of Africa advancing
For these noble ideals, arise and go forward
Forward for work and forward for the fight
We remain standing
Holding high the flag of our dear country
In the sky of Africa and in the whole universe
To construct together
A world of justice, peace and progress
And to make Niger the pride of Africa
References
African anthems
National anthems
Xbox Live Vision

The Xbox Live Vision is a webcam designed for the Xbox 360 and Xbox Live.
Overview
The camera can be used for video chat, personalized gamer pictures, in-game video chat, and still pictures. The camera features 640 x 480 video at 30 fps and is capable of taking still images at 1.3 megapixels. It allows for video chat and picture messages using an Xbox Live Gold Subscription with video effects along with in-game compatibility.
It also features three camera effects, in which the currently captured video image is overlaid on the dashboard background. The three effects are 'watery', 'edgy', and 'dotty'. The camera uses a standard USB 2.0 connection and is also Windows (XP and newer) and Mac OS X (v10.4.9 and newer) compatible.
The Xbox Live Vision Camera was announced at E3 2006 and released in North America on September 19, 2006, following a 1-month pre-launch period in which Toys "R" Us stores in New York City and Los Angeles sold them to build up hype. It was released in Europe and Asia on October 6, 2006, and November 2, 2006 in Japan.
PC compatibility
The Vision Camera is compatible with Windows XP Service Pack 2 using USB 2.0 connection. It requires a microphone for audio when used on a PC. Drivers are not included with the Vision Camera-you must allow Windows to download them automatically when prompted.
If the Vision Camera is not working and appears as a device in "Universal Serial Bus Controllers" in Device Manager, try the following:
Go to Device Manager
Go to USB Controllers, select the camera, right click, and choose Update Driver
Choose "Install from Specific Location"
Choose "Don't Search"
Select USB Composite device
After a few seconds, the device will appear in "Imaging Devices." In "USB Controllers" there will be an entry called "Microsoft Xbox 360 Live Vision Security Method 3." This indicates the camera is installed and ready for use.
Mac OS X 10.4.9 added support for the USB "video class" group of peripherals, including Vision Camera. They work in iChat, Photo Booth and other applications that use Quicktime for video display, such as Skype. Connection over USB2 is also mandatory.
The Vision Camera is also compatible with Sony's PlayStation 3 (requires firmware 1.54).
References
Other websites
Xbox Live Vision , Xbox.com
Xbox Live Membership levels explained on Xbox.com
Using Xbox Live Vision with Windows
Xbox
es:Xbox Live Vision
Bannack, Montana

Bannack is a ghost town in Montana. It is now a state park. It has some historic buildings including the two-story school house and Hotel Maede. It is a tourist attraction and landmark of Montana.
Bannack began in 1862 when gold was discovered in the area. It became the first capital of Montana Territory in 1864. There are over 70 buildings and structures still standing.
References
Settlements in Montana
Ghost towns in the United States
1862 establishments in the United States
1860s establishments in Montana Territory
Sergio Llamazares

Sergio Llamazares is an Argentine former cyclist. Sergio competed in the team pursuit event at the 1988 Summer Olympics. He was born on June 16, 1965.
References
Other websites
1965 births
Living people
Argentine cyclists
Argentine Olympians
Edward Zwick

Edward M. Zwick (born October 8, 1952) is an Emmy Award-winning American movie and television director, writer and producer. He was born in Chicago. His best known movies are About Last Night, Glory, Legends of the Fall, and The Last Samurai. He is also the co-creator of the television series thirtysomething and Once and Again.
References
Other websites
Emmy Award winners
1952 births
Living people
American television writers
American television directors
American television producers
Movie directors from Chicago
Movie producers from Chicago
Screenwriters from Chicago
Oprah with Meghan and Harry

Oprah with Meghan and Harry was a 2021 television special interview hosted by American media personality Oprah Winfrey. It features an interview between Winfrey, Meghan, Duchess of Sussex and Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex. The special premiered on March 7, 2021 on CBS in the US and the following day in the UK on ITV.
Production
This was filmed in Santa Barbara County, California. The interview came a year after Prince Harry and Meghan Markle announced their decision to leave the British royal family in January 2020. The interview included discussions of:
her affair, marriage
gender of her second child (a daughter)
mental health issues including Meghan's suicidal thoughts
healthy sense of giving up emotional and financial support.
Additionally, Meghan has been critical of the British monarchy as an institution. Both said that one or more comments had been made privately to Harry by an unknown member of the royal family about the skin color of their son in the womb of Archie Mountbatten-Windsor. Also discussed were
a royal title for Archie
the couple's personal safety
Harry's estrangement from his father, the former Prince of Wales Charles III, and brother, Prince William, Duke of Cambridge (later on as Prince of Wales).
Meghan's own relationship with her family was also briefly addressed.
Reviews
The interview drew high ratings, wide media attention, and mixed reactions from politicians. The special was nominated for a 2021 Television Critics Award, a Primetime Emmy Award and a People's Choice Award.
2021 in television
Australopithecus afarensis

Australopithecus afarensis is an extinct hominid. It lived between 3.9 and 2.9 million years ago. A. afarensis was similar to slightly later Australopithecus africanus. It had a slender build.
A. afarensis may be more closely related to the genus Homo than A. africanus. Homo includes the modern human species, Homo sapiens.
The most famous fossil is the partial skeleton named Lucy (3.2 million years old) found by Donald Johanson and colleagues, who, in celebration of their find, repeatedly played the Beatles song Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds.
References
Australopithecines
Staffordshire Bull Terrier

The Staffordshire Bull Terrier, sometimes nicknamed as a Staff, is an English dog breed.It is a medium-sized dog- Originally, it was bred for dog fighting. It is related to the Bull Terrier. Its appearance is similar to the American Staffordshire Terrier and American pit Bull Terrier, but it is smaller than both of them. It grows to a wrist height of 12-17cm and a weight of about 11-17 kg.
In Great Britain, the dog is often kept as a "family dog". Staffordshire Bull Terriers have also been trained as search and rescue dogs.
In other countries, such as Germany, this dog breed is seen as problematic; these countries may have put restrictions in place regarding the breeding and keeping such dogs. The people keeping such dogs may need to undergo tests to determine whether they are allowed to keep them.
Terriers
Chūbu region

is one of Japan's traditional regions. The Japanese conventions of geography and history divide the nation into eight regions, including the Chubu region. These have been used since 1905 as basic units for description and comparison and as cultural markers.
The regions of Japan are a fusion of historical divisions and modern administrative needs". The significance of the region in Japan is geographical, cultural and administrative.
History
In the late 7th century, the Hokurido was identified as one of the eight largest administrative areas of the Imperial system (ritsuryo seido).
Gokishichido is an ancient system of names for parts of the country, including Hokurido. Chubu covers a central part of the island of Honshu in roughly the same area as the traditional Hokuriku, Koshin'etsu and Tokai.
In the Meiji period, the modern regional system was made by Imperial decree. Japan was divided into regions (chiho ), including the Hokuriku and Tokai or Chubu region. A regional council (chiho gyosei kyogisai) was headed by the governor of the most powerful prefecture in the regional grouping. The council also included regional chiefs of central government ministries.
Table: Chubu region
Over time, Chubu has developed its own regional dialects, customs and unique traditional culture.
Geography
The Chubu region is a large area of Honshu. Chubu has traditional subddivisions, including Hokuriku, Koshin'etsu, Shin'etsu, and Tokai.
Related pages
Provinces of Japan
Prefectures of Japan
List of regions of Japan
List of islands of Japan
References
Other websites
Murdoch's map of provinces, 1903
Geography of Japan
Honshu
Pretty Little Liars

Pretty Little Liars is an American television series based on several books written by Sara Shepard. The show began on June 8, 2010 on the ABC Family channel. The show has been aired for seven seasons. A spin-off show called Ravenswood was created because the series was so populary.
The series involves a group of 5 teenage girls; Spencer (Troian Bellisario), Aria (Lucy Hale), Emily (Shay Mitchell), Hanna (Ashley Benson) and their disappeared friend Alison (Sasha Pieterse). Also, their love intrests; Ezra (Ian Harding), Caleb (Tyler Blackburn), Toby (Keegan Allen) and Paige (Lindsey Shaw).
The four main relationships are Ezria (Ezra and Aria), Emison (Emily and Alison), Haleb (Hanna and Caleb) and Spoby (Spencer and Toby).
2010 American television series debuts
2017 American television series endings
2010s American drama television series
2010s mystery television series
2010s teen television series
American LGBT television programs
American mystery television series
American teen drama television series
English-language television programs
National Assembly (Republika Srpska)

The National Assembly of Republic of Srpska () is the legislative body of the Republika Srpska, one of two entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The current assembly is the ninth since the founding of the entity.
Related pages
List of Speakers of the National Assembly of Republika Srpska
References
Republika Srpska
Garner, North Carolina

Garner is a town in Wake County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census, 25,745 people live in Garner.
Towns in North Carolina
Wake County, North Carolina
Water supply system

A water supply system or 'water supply network' is an engineering system which provides a supply of water.
A water supply system typically includes:
A supply of pure water for drinking and other uses. That is why almost all large cities are are on or near to rivers. However, water can be moved distances along pipes or aquifers.
Water storage facilities such as reservoirs, water tanks, or water towers are necessary. Smaller water systems may store the water in cisterns or pressure vessels. Tall buildings may need to store water locally in pressure vessels in order for the water to reach the upper floors.
Water pressurizing by such as pumping stations are usually needed at the outlet of underground or above ground reservoirs or cisterns (if gravity flow is impractical).
A pipe network for distribution of water to the consumers (which may be private houses or industrial, commercial or institution establishments) and other usage points (such as fire hydrants).
The second part of the system is dealing with the sewage and waste water which is eventually put back or comes back into the system. If this' waste water' is not purified, cholera and typhoid epidemics will occur, and still do occur, in cities where the water engineering has not kept pace with population increase.
Water purification facilities. After any solids in the water have settled out, the water is aerated. This is done by running it slowly over an aerated pebble bed, or through a sand bed. The oxygen in the water kills off the bacteria which are anaerobic. Sometimes poisonous red algae survive, and if so these are killed by adding chlorine to the water. The water is then examined (sampled) under a microscope, and its bacterial content recorded. There are standards set by government for the permitted limits to any kind of foreign objects and to the chemical and biological composition of the water.
Treated water is transferred using water pipes (usually underground).
This type of system was a consequence of the work of John Snow on the mid-19th century cholera plagues in London. Despite all efforts, epidemics do still occur if there are leaks in the underground sewage system and leaks in the underground water pipes.
The engineer responsible for the creation of a sewer network for central London was Joseph Bazalgette. This work relieved the city from cholera epidemics (Great Stink), and started cleaning the River Thames.
References
Engineering
Microbiology
Water
Plague
Tha Last Meal

Tha Last Meal is the fifth studio album from rapper Snoop Dogg. Several singles were released off this album. One of them was "(Snoop Dogg) What's My Name Part 2".
This album was released on December 19, 2000.
2000 albums
Snoop Dogg albums
Mount Olivet, Kentucky

Mount Olivet is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Cities in Kentucky
County seats in Kentucky
Harry Fowler

Henry James "Harry" Fowler, MBE (10 December 1926 - 4 January 2012) was a British movie, stage, and television actor who has appeared in many movies during his 62-year career.
He was born in London, England on December 10, 1926. He was married to Joan Dowling from 1951 until she committed suicide in 1954. Then he was married Catherine Fowler from around 1955 until his death in 2012. Fowler died on January 4, 2012 from unknown causes in London, England, he was 85 years old.
References
Other websites
1926 births
2012 deaths
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
Actors from London
Oligocene

The Oligocene is the last geological epoch in the Palaeogene. It lasted for about 11 million years, from 34 million years ago to 23 million years ago. It was preceded by the Eocene and followed by the Miocene. During the Oligocene, the world continued to get cooler from its peak in the mid-Eocene. The world was still largely forested, but grasslands began to spread. Ice formed in Antarctica. The period is seen as one of transition, both in climate and in the biota.
References
Cainozoic
Neutron

Neutrons, with protons and electrons, make up an atom. Neutrons and protons are found in the nucleus of an atom. Unlike protons, which have a positive charge, or electrons, which have a negative charge, neutrons have zero charge which means they are neutral particles. Neutrons bind with protons with the residual strong force.
Neutrons were predicted by Ernest Rutherford, and discovered by James Chadwick, in 1932. Atoms were fired at a thin pane of beryllium. Particles emerged which had no charge, and he called these 'neutrons'. They were later added to the modern image of the atom.
Neutrons have a mass of 1.675 x 10-24g, which is a little heavier than the proton. Neutrons are 1839 times heavier than electrons.
Like all hadrons, neutrons are made of quarks. A neutron is made of two down quarks and one up quark. One up quark has a charge of +2/3, and the two down quarks each have a charge of -1/3. The fact that these charges cancel out is why neutrons have a neutral (0) charge. Quarks are held together by gluons.
Isotopes
Neutrons can be found in almost all atoms together with protons and electrons. Hydrogen-1 is the only exception. Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons are called isotopes of the same element.
The number of neutrons in an atom does not affect its chemical properties. However it affects its half-life, a measure of its stability. An unstable isotope has a short half-life, in which half of it decays to lighter elements. By contrast, a stable isotope has a long half-life, much longer than that of an unstable isotope. The stability of an isotope is related to radioactivity: an unstable isotope can be highly radioactive.
Atomic reactions
Neutrons are the key to nuclear chain reactions, nuclear power and nuclear weapons.
Related pages
Proton
Electron
References
Subatomic particles
Basic physics ideas
Ayyubid Sultanate

The Ayyubid Sultanate (Arabic: l'ywbywn al-Ayyubiyun; Kurdish: y'aeywwbyaekhn, Eyubiyan) wss dynasty of Kurdish origin that ruled Egypt, Syria, the Jazira and the Yemen in the 12th and 13th centuries. The name of the dynasty is attributed to Ayyub b. Shadhi, the father of Saladin. The Ayyubids played a significant role in the history of the region, notably ending Fatimid, uniting Syria and Egypt, and defeating the Crusaders.
Saladin, founder of the dynasty, was Kurdish and the former vizier of Fatimid Caliphate.
Speculations
Bosworth states that the Ayyubids belonged to the Hadhbani tribe of the Kurds, but argues that the Ayyubids were considerably Arabized. Humphreys also identifies Saladin as a Kurd and the Ayyubids as a Kurdish family, but argues that the Ayyubids were not specifically a Kurdish state, and that at the level of political structure, the governing attitudes of the Ayyubid confederation were not significantly different from those of previous Arab states such as the Abbasids and Fatimids, which can certainly be attributed to the political institutions of their original homeland, Humphreys as well as taking into account Minorsky's speculations on the "Arab origins" of the Ayyubids. Tabaa, on the other hand, argues that over time the Ayyubids drastically moved away from their Kurdish origins and became decidedly Arabised.
Medieval historiography
Various medieval historians spoke of Saladin's Kurdishness:
Minhaj-i Siraj Juzjani (1193-1266) at Tabaqat-i Nasiri:
The Chronography of Bar Habraeus (1225-1286):
Ibn Khallikan (1211-1282) at Wafayat al-Ayan:
References
Sources
Medieval
Notes
History of Islam
Kurdistan
History of the Middle East
Royal dynasties
Former countries in the Middle East
Former countries in Africa
Oberembrach

Oberembrach is a municipality in the district of Bulach in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official Website
Municipalities of Zurich
Tupelo, Oklahoma

Tupelo is a city in Oklahoma in the United States.
Cities in Oklahoma
Return from Hell

Return from Hell () is a 1983 Romanian drama movie directed by Nicolae Margineanu and starring Constantin Brinzea, Maria Ploae, Remus Margineanu, Ana Ciontea, Ion Sasaran, Vasile Nitulescu. It was distributed by Romaniafilm.
Other websites
1983 drama movies
Romanian drama movies
Movies directed by Nicolae Margineanu
Ganon

, also known as is a character in The Legend of Zelda video games. He is the most common villain of the series, and often kidnaps Princess Zelda and battles with Link. He has been revived from the dead several times, and has two forms - Ganondorf, his humanoid form, and Ganon, his pig form.
Ganon also appears in the Super Smash Bros. series as a playable character. He first appeared as an unlockable character in Super Smash Bros. Melee and returned in both Super Smash Bros. Brawl and Super Smash Bros. for Nintendo 3DS and Wii U. His design in Brawl and the 3DS and Wii U versions are based on his Twilight Princess design.
In 2013, he was ranked #1 on GamesRadar's list of 100 best villains in video games.
References
The Legend of Zelda characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1986
American League

The American League (or AL) is one of the two leagues that make up Major League Baseball (MLB). The other is the National League (or NL). The American League is made up of 15 teams. At the end of each season, five of these teams go to the "post-season" where one will win the American League championship. The champions of the American League plays against the champions of the National League in the World Series. The team that wins the World Series is the champion of Major League Baseball. Teams in the American league usually play against other teams in the American league, except for a few games a year when they play National league teams. There are 3 Divisions of the American League: AL East, AL Central, and AL West.
Differences
The only big difference between the American League and the National League is that the AL uses the "Designated Hitter" (or DH). The Designated Hitter is a player who does not play in the field, but is used to bat for the worst hitter in his team's "lineup" (usually the pitcher). The NL does not use the Designated Hitter, and all players in the "lineup" must bat and field for themselves. If the DH plays an NL game in an NL park, he often plays First Base if at all. If they play in an AL park, the NL can use a DH.
Related pages
National League
Canadian Operational Support Command

The Canadian Operational Support Command is the branch of the Canadian Forces responsible for logistics, engineering and health services.
Military of Canada
Issoudun

Issoudun is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Indre department in central France.
Communes in Indre
Subprefectures in France
Pravachanasara

Pravachansara is a Jain religion text. It means "the essence of the doctrine".
Chapters and Verses
It has 275 verses in total. It consists of two books and an appendix. Book I is called "Knowledge" and has 92 verses. Book II is called "Knowable" and has 108 verses. The appendix is called "Conduct" and has 75 verses.
The first and last verse
Book I "Knowledge"
The first verse of book I is:
Here I pay obeisance to VArdhamana, the saviour, the promulgator of the law, who is saluted by the suras, Asuras and lords of men, and who has washed off the dirt of destructive Karmas.
The last verse of book I is:
The great souled Sramana, who has put an end to his delusive vision, who is expert in scriptures and who has established himself in conduct free from attachment, is qualified as Dharma.
Book II "Knowlable"
The first verse of book II is:
The object of knowledge is made up of substances, which are said to be characterised by qualities, and with which, moreover, are (associated) the modifications; those, who are deluded by modifications, are false believers.
The last verse of book II is:
Therefore, thus realizing the soul as the knower by nature, I give up the notion of mineness and have come to adopt the (notion of) non-attachment.
Appendix "Conduct"
The first verse of Appendix is:
Having saluted the Siddhas, the foremost great Jinas and the saints have
adopted asceticism escape to mistery.
The last verse of Appendix is:
He, who practising the course of duties of a house-holder and of a monk, comprehends this doctrine, realizes, within a short time, the essence of the doctrine (the Self).
Jainism
Religious texts
2nd-century works
Rigny-la-Nonneuse

Rigny-la-Nonneuse is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France.
Communes in Aube
Charsadda

Charsadda is a city in Pakistan. It is in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and is the capital of Charsadda District.
Cities in Pakistan
Goldman Sachs

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., or just Goldman Sachs is an investment banking and securities firm. They are involved with global investment banking, securities, investment management, and other financial services mainly with institutional clients. They are also known to be a primary dealer in the United States Treasury security market.
2017-Four have Goldman Sachs USD 7.830.000.000 ("deutsch 7,83 Milliarden Dollar").
References
Banks based in New York City
1869 establishments in the United States
1860s establishments in New York (state)
Eurasian teal

The Eurasian teal, common teal, or Eurasian green-winged teal (Anas crecca) is a duck that lives in Europe and Asia. It is the only kind of teal in most places. Teal is also the name of a color between blue and green. The bird has this color round its eyes.
The teal mates where the weather is temperate, but in winter it flies south to avoid the cold. When it is not starting a family, the teal likes to be with other teals. It often lives in places where the ground is very wet and the wind is usually not strong. It does not go under the water to find its food. Instead, it stays on top of the water and eats seeds and bugs that live in the water.
Some scientists think that another kind of teal, the North American green-winged teal (A. carolinensis), is a kind of common teal
References
Ducks
Birds of Europe
Birds of Asia
Birds of Africa
List of auxiliary Interstate Highways

This is a list of auxiliary Interstate Highways. These are interstate highways with three digits.
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Related pages
List of Interstate Highways
Interstate Aux
Sequel

A sequel is a type of new creation, like a movie, book, video game, or song, that follows or expands on a story from an earlier work. It is made because people liked the original and want more of it. Sequels let people see their favorite characters and settings again while adding new things to the story to make it interesting.
Types of sequels
Sequels can be different depending on the medium and the original work. In movies, sequels can continue the same story, go back in time, or focus on different parts of the original. In books, sequels can start where the last book ended or tell what happened before. Some sequels are spin-offs, which means they focus on other characters or explore different parts of the original world.
Purpose and significance
Sequels are made to give fans what they want. They let people explore more of the world, learn more about the characters, and discover new ideas. Sequels are important because they build on the success of the original and keep the story going.
Audience reception
People have different opinions about sequels. Some sequels become very popular, while others don't live up to the original. People are excited to see sequels, but they also want them to be as good as the original. The success of a sequel depends on things like how well the story is told and how the characters develop.
Impact on pop culture
Sequels have had a big impact on popular culture. They have changed the way stories are continued and expanded in movies, books, and other forms of entertainment. Sequels create excitement and make fans want to talk about the story and buy related things. They also help create bigger worlds and universes.
Literary terms
Movie industry
Gai lan

Chinese broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra) is a leaf vegetable. It has thick, flat, glossy blue-green leaves. It also has thick stems, and florets similar to broccoli. It is also called Chinese kale, Gai lan, kai-lan, or jie lan. It is a variety of Brassica oleracea. It's cultivar group is alboglabra.
References
Leaf vegetables
Brassica oleracea
Sangam (1997 movie)

Sangam is a Pakistani Urdu movie released in 1997, directed by Syed Noor and starring Resham, Shaan, Salim Sheikh and Sana.
1990s Pakistani movies
1997 movies