pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Micheline Calmy-Rey

Micheline Calmy-Rey (born 8 July 1945) is a Swiss politician. She was Switzerland's foreign minister as head of the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. She was also a member of the Swiss Federal Council from 2003. She was President of the Confederation in 2007 and again in 2011. She resigned her office as member of the Federal Council on 31 December 2011.
Other websites
Official website
|-
|-
|-
|-
|-
1945 births
Living people
Presidents of the Swiss Confederation
Karlovy Vary

Karlovy Vary (German: Karlsbad) is a city in the Czech Republic. As of 2015, about 50,000 people were living there. It is located in the west of the historical region of Bohemia. It is popular for its spa.
The city was in Austria-Hungary, and the people who lived there were mainly German-speaking. Bohemia was transferred to the new state of Czechoslovakia after World War I. The existence of such German-speaking peoples outside of Germany was used by Hitler as a reason to invade the Sudetenland (the German-speaking part of Bohemia and Moravia), which Germany did in 1938. This was a result of the Munich Agreement. This event was a prelude to World War II.
Other websites
Karlovy Vary webpage
Spa towns in the Czech Republic
Cities in the Czech Republic
Karlovy Vary Region
Chilperic I

Chilperic I was king of the franks from 561 A.D. to 584 A.D.
References
580s deaths
Frankish kings
Brodnax, Virginia

Brodnax is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.
Towns in Virginia
Kader Khan

Kader Khan (11 December 1937 - 31 December 2018) was an Afghan-born Indian-Canadian Actor, screenwriter, comedian, and director. As an actor, he appeared in over 300 films after his debut movie in the 1973 movie Daag: A Poem of Love in which he acted as a prosecuting attorney.
Khan was a Muslim and completed a pilgrimage to Mecca called Hajj in 2014.
Khan died from complications of progressive supranuclear palsy at a hospital in Toronto, Ontario on 31 December 2018 at the age of 81.
References
1937 births
2018 deaths
Afghan writers
Canadian comedians
Canadian movie actors
Canadian movie directors
Canadian Muslims
Canadian screenwriters
Canadian television actors
Canadian voice actors
Deaths from progressive supranuclear palsy
Disease-related deaths in Canada
Indian comedians
Indian actors
Indian writers
Indian movie directors
People from Kabul
Patrick Modiano

Jean Patrick Modiano (; born 30 July 1945), generally known as Patrick Modiano, is a French novelist. He won the 2014 Nobel Prize in Literature. He is known for Rue des boutiques obscures.
References
1945 births
Living people
French novelists
Transitional fossil

Transitional fossils (or missing links) are the fossilised remains of lifeforms that show features typical of two distinct groups. It may be a rare fossil, such as Archaeopteryx, which shows early features of a group which later becomes widespread.
The rarity of transitional forms is interesting. It suggests the new forms are not yet dominant in the ecology of their time, and their populations are relatively small. It follows that their fossils would be scarce. In the Solnhofen limestone where Archaeopteryx was found, there are more examples of pterosaurs of several genera than there are of the proto-bird. In the Jurassic, the pterosaurs were dominant in the air.
Large numbers of different bird species are found in the famous Chinese lagerstatten deposits such as the Jehol biota. The Lower Cretaceous birds are clearly more bird-like, and the features they developed enabled them to invade habitat niches which had been the preserve of pterosaurs, or maybe were not previously exploited at all.
Pterosaur decline (if present) seems unrelated to bird diversity. In fact, at least some bird niches were reclaimed by pterosaurs just before the KT event.
Mosaic evolution
Typical of transitional fossils is that some features are clearly basal or primitive. Other features are advanced ('derived'). With Archaeopteryx, the front legs are derived, and show clearly the capacity for flight. Also, the feathers had the rachus (stem) off-centre, a feature of all bird flight feathers. The rest of the skeleton was just like any other small carnivorous dinosaur.p35
Transitional fossil flatfish are known, where the process of eye movement is not yet complete. In a typical modern flatfish, the head is asymmetric with both eyes on one side of the head. In Heteronectes, the transition from the symmetric head is incomplete, with one eye positioned near the top of the head, similar to its Italian relative Amphistium. The existence of these intermediate stages was predicted by Darwin.
When transition takes place between one group and another, not all features change at the same time. This is called mosaic evolution.408 Transitions between higher groups would involve a series of transitional species, only a few of which may be found as fossils.
References
Evolutionary biology
Fossils
Casualty (TV series)

Casualty is a British television show aired on the BBC since 6 September 1986. It is the longest-running emergency medical drama television series in the world. It is filmed in Cardiff. The 1,000th episode of Casualty aired on 25 June 2016, episode 39 of series 30.
Creation
The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin, as a response to the Margaret Thatcher era.
Location
Casualty is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the fictional county of Wyvern, in the south-west of England.
References
1986 television series debuts
1980s British drama television series
1980s British workplace television series
1980s workplace drama television series
1990s British drama television series
1990s British workplace television series
1990s medical television series
1990s workplace drama television series
2000s British drama television series
2000s British workplace television series
2000s medical television series
2000s workplace drama television series
2010s British drama television series
2010s British workplace television series
2010s medical television series
2010s workplace drama television series
BBC television dramas
British workplace drama television series
English-language television programs
Cuckoo bee

Cuckoo bees lay their eggs in the nests of other bees, rather like cuckoo birds. They are kleptoparasites, a term which means parasitism by theft. In this case the theft is of food stored for the host larvae.
Females of cuckoo bees lack the special long hairs which collect pollen. Also, they do not make their own nests. They often have reduced body hair, thick exoskeleton, and saber-like mandibles.
They enter the nests of pollen-collecting species, and lay their eggs in cells made by the host bee. When the cuckoo bee larva hatches it eats the host larva's pollen ball. If the female has not already done so, it kills and eats the host larva. In a few cases the invading female stays in the host nest and lays many eggs. Sometimes it kills the host queen and replaces her. Species like that are often called 'social parasites'. Some are referred to as 'brood parasites'. There is a whole subfamily of bees which do this, the Nomadinae (nomad bees).
The behaviour has evolved many times in bees. 16 times parasitism of social species has evolved (mostly in the family Apidae), and there are 31 lineages which parasitize solitary bees. Altogether there are several thousand species of kleptoparasites, a large proportion of overall bee diversity.
References
Bees
Parasites
Weeley

Weeley is a village and civil parish in Tendring, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 1780 people living in Weeley.
References
Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
Daniel Hudson (baseball)

Daniel Claiborne Hudson (born March 9, 1987 in Lynchburg, Virginia) is an American baseball player. He currently plays as a pitcher for the Pittsburgh Pirates of Major League Baseball (MLB).
Hudson formerly played for the Chicago White Sox from 2009-2010 and was traded to the Diamondbacks on July 30, 2010 along with minor league pitcher David Holmberg for Edwin Jackson.
References
Other websites
Daniel Hudson at mlb.com
1987 births
Living people
American baseball players
Sportspeople from Virginia
Arizona Diamondbacks players
Chicago White Sox players
People from Lynchburg, Virginia
Cincinnati, Iowa

Cincinnati is a city in Iowa in the United States. In 2000, the population was 428. It is in Appanoose County.
References
Cities in Iowa
Wade Belak

Wade Belak (July 3, 1976 - August 31, 2011) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player that played a career total of 18 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted by the Quebec Nordiques with the 12th overall pick in the 1994 NHL Entry Draft. Belak retired from the NHL on March 8, 2011 and remained with the Predators in an organizational role. On August 31, 2011, He was found dead in his condo at the One King Street West hotel in Toronto. His death was later treated as a suicide by Toronto police. Before his death he was preparing to take part in the upcoming season of Battle of the Blades.
References
Other websites
1976 births
2011 deaths
American Hockey League players
Calgary Flames players
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Colorado Avalanche players
Florida Panthers players
Ice hockey people from Saskatchewan
Nashville Predators players
Saint John Flames players
Saskatoon Blades players
Sportspeople from Saskatoon
Sportspeople who committed suicide
Suicides in Canada
Toronto Maple Leafs players
Tonie Nathan

Theodora Nathalia "Tonie" Nathan (February 9, 1923 - March 20, 2014) was an American politician. She is the first woman, as well as the first Jewish person, to have got an electoral vote in a United States presidential election. She was the 1972 vice presidential nominee of the Libertarian Party and running mate of John Hospers. She was born in New York City.
Nathan died from Alzheimer's disease on March 20, 2014 in Eugene, Oregon. She was 91 years old.
References
Other websites
Tonie Nathan biography
1923 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Disease-related deaths in Oregon
Jewish American politicians
Jewish politicians
Politicians from New York City
Libertarian Party (United States) politicians
Milan Hurtala

Milan Hurtala (16 June 1946 - 20 March 2021) was a Slovak rower. He competed in the men's coxed eight event at the 1968 Summer Olympics. He was born in Bratislava.
Hurtala died in Bratislava from COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Slovakia on 20 March 2021, aged 74.
References
1946 births
2021 deaths
Rowers
People from Bratislava
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic
Czechoslovak Olympians
Daniel Cleary

Daniel Michael Cleary (born December 18, 1978) is a former Canadian ice hockey left and right winger that played for the Detroit Red Wings. He also played for the Chicago Blackhawks for 2 seasons, the Edmonton Oilers for 4 seasons and the Phoenix Coyotes for 1 season. He was drafted with the 13th overall pick in the 1997 NHL Draft by the Chicago Blackhawks. He also played with the Belleville Bulls of the OHL.
Awards
He was named to the OHL First All-Star Team in 1996 and 1997
He was named to the AHL Second All-Star Team in 2000
He was named the Carhartt "Hardest Working" Player of the Month of January 2008
Stanley Cup in 2008 with the Detroit Red Wings
Other websites
1978 births
American Hockey League players
Canadian ice hockey right wingers
Chicago Blackhawks players
Detroit Red Wings players
Edmonton Oilers players
Ice hockey people from Newfoundland and Labrador
International Hockey League (1945-2001) players
Living people
Ontario Hockey League players
Phoenix Coyotes players
Swedish Hockey League players
FC Dinamo București

Fotbal Club Dinamo Bucuresti (Usually just called Dinamo) is a Romanian association football club from Bucharest, Romania. The team is one of the most successful clubs in Romania, having won 18 Romanian Liga I titles, 13 Romanian Cups and 2 Supercupa Romaniei. They reached the semi-finals of the 1983-84 European Cup, only to be defeated by Liverpool 3-1.
The club was founded in 1948, and is one of the few to stay in the Liga I for it's entire history. The team's traditional home colours are white and red. Also, the club's biggest rival is Steaua Bucuresti.
Honours
Romanian League Championship: (18)
Winners: 1955, 1961-62, 1962-63, 1963-64, 1964-65, 1970-71, 1972-73, 1974-75, 1976-77, 1981-82, 1982-83, 1983-84, 1989-90, 1991-92, 1999-00, 2001-02, 2003-04, 2006-07
Runners-up (20): 1951, 1952, 1953, 1956, 1958-59, 1960-61, 1966-67, 1968-69, 1973-74, 1975-76, 1978-79, 1980-81, 1984-85, 1986-87, 1987-88, 1988-89, 1992-93, 1998-99, 2000-01, 2004-05
Romanian Cup: (13)
Winners: 1958-59, 1963-64, 1967-68, 1981-82, 1983-84, 1985-86, 1989-90, 1999-00, 2000-01, 2002-03, 2003-04, 2004-05, 2011-12
Runners-up (10): 1954, 1968-69, 1969-70, 1970-71, 1986-87, 1987-88, 1988-89, 2001-02, 2010-11, 2015-16
Romanian Super Cup: (2)
Winners: 2005, 2012
Runners-up (4): 2001, 2002, 2003, 2007
Other websites
Official website
Online Tickets
FCD.ro
Fan Club Dinamo Bucuresti
FCDinamo.net
Dinamo Mania
Ultras Tei
The history of Dinamo Bucharest
References
Romanian football clubs
1948 establishments in Europe
1940s establishments in Romania
Xiongnu

The Xiongnu () were nomads who lived north of China from about 3rd century BC to 460s AD. Their lands were very infertile, so they tried to attack China many times. As this was very irritating, the first emperor of China (Qin Shi Huang) built the Great Wall of China around 214 to 206 BC to keep them out. Some Han dynasty emperors tried to stop the wars and make friends with them, but they still tried to attack the Chinese borders.
At first, it was believed that they were related to the Huns, and currently many people still believe this. In old times, nomadic tribes often travelled and lived together, even tribes speaking different languages. Around 60 BC, there was a struggle for power, and the Xiongnu broke up into five smaller tribes.
In 202 AD, the leader of the Southern Xiongnu surrendered to Prime Minister Cao Cao of the Han dynasty.
They are part of the Mongolian people now, or some of them have migrated to China for a better life.
The Han dynasty sent unrelated women falsely labeled as princesses and members of the Han imperial family when they were practicing Heqin marriage alliances with the Xiongnu.
The Xiongnu practiced marriage alliances with Han dynasty officers and officials. The older sister of the Chanyu (the Xiongnu ruler) was married to the Xiongnu General Zhao Xin, the Marquis of Xi who was serving the Han dynasty. The daughter of the Qiedihou Chanyu was married to the Han Chinese General Li Ling after he surrendered and defected. The Yenisei Kirghiz Khagans claimed descent from Li Ling. Another Han Chinese General who defected to the Xiongnu was Li Guangli who also married a daughter of the Chanyu. The Han Chinese diplomat Su Wu married a Xiongnu woman given by Li Ling when he was arrested and taken captive. Han Chinese explorer Zhang Qian married a Xiongnu woman and had a child with her when he was taken captive by the Xiongnu. Han Emperor Wu dispatched the Han Chinese explorer Zhang Qian to explore the mysterious kingdoms to the west and to form an alliance with the Yuezhi people in order to combat the Xiongnu. During this time Zhang married a Xiongnu wife, who bore him a son, and gained the trust of the Xiongnu leader.
The Kyrgyz khagans claimed descent from the Chinese general Li Ling, grandson of the famous Han dynasty general Li Guang. Li Ling was captured by the Xiongnu and defected in the first century BCE. And since the Tang royal Li family also claimed descent from Li Guang, the Kirghiz Khagan was therefore recognized as a member of the Tang Imperial family. This relationship soothed the relationship when Kyrgyz khagan Are (A Re ) invaded Uyghur Khaganate and put Qasar Qaghan to the sword. The news brought to Chang'an by Kyrgyz ambassador Zhuwu Hesu (Zhu Wu He Su ).
References
History of China
Nomadic people
3rd-century BC establishments
5th-century disestablishments
Ethnic groups in China
CeeLo Green

Thomas DeCarlo Callaway (born May 30, 1975), known professionally as CeeLo Green (or Cee Lo Green), is an American singer, songwriter, rapper, record producer, and actor. He performed at the Grammy Awards in 2011. He has made music as a solo artist, and also as a part of the groups Goodie Mob and Gnarls Barkley.
Among Green's solo hits are "Closet Freak" (2002), "I'll Be Around" (2003), produced by Timbaland, and "Fuck You" (2010), co-written and produced by Bruno Mars.
Green became a coach on The Voice in 2011.
In Hotel Transylvania (2012), Green is the voice of Murray. Green's first Christmas album Cee Lo's Magic Moment has been nominated for Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album at the 2014 Grammy Awards.
Personal life
On October 30, 2012, Green was accused of sexual battery.
Discography
Studio albums
Cee-Lo Green and His Perfect Imperfections (2002)
Cee-Lo Green... Is the Soul Machine (2004)
The Lady Killer (2010)
Cee Lo's Magic Moment (2012)
Heart Blanche (2015)
References
Other websites
1975 births
Living people
African American musicians
Rappers from Georgia (U.S. state)
American record producers
Singers from Atlanta
Surinam golden-eyed tree frog

The Surinam golden-eyed tree frog, Surinam gold-eyed milk frog, or Surinam casque-headed frog (Trachycephalus coriaceus) is a frog that lives in Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Suriname, French Guiana, and Guyana. Scientists think it might also live in Colombia. This frog lives in flooded forests. It might also live in forests that are not flooded.
Appearance
The adult male frog is 5.2 to 6.0 cm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 5.3 to 6.5 cm long. The adult female frog is brown, reddish brown, and gray to tan. Sometimes the frog has patterns on the back. It has black and near-white lines. The webbing between its toes is red. The sides of its upper hind legs are red. The bottoms of its feet are red. The belly and throat are yellow.
Food and actions
This frog hides during the day and looks for food at night. It sits and waits for food to wander by and then catches it.
When a human being picks up this frog, it puffs itself up to look larger than it really is. Scientists think the frog does this to make animal that might eat it go away, but they are not sure. The male frogs also puff up when they sing for females.
When it is time for the female frog to lay eggs, the frogs come to permanent or temporary bodies of water. The male frogs puff up all the way and make loud growling sounds. The female frog lays eggs on the surface of the water.
Threats
There are fewer frogs than there were because human beings change the places where this frog lives. For example, human beings cut down forests to collect wood. Human beings also catch the frogs to sell to collectors or to sell as pets. The Cashinahua and Achuar people also catch this frog to eat.
References
Frogs of South America
Valentina Acosta Giraldo

Valentina Acosta Giraldo is an archer from Colombia. She was born on 19 April 2000. Acosta Giraldo competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
References
Other websites
2000 births
Living people
Colombian archers
Colombian Olympians
Saber–toothed cat

The sabertoothed cats or sabretooth cats are some of the best known and most popular extinct animals. They are among the most impressive carnivores that ever have lived. These cats had long canines and jaws which opened wider than modern cats. This suggests a different style of killing from modern felines.
The sabre-tooth style of life evolved at least five times amongst carnivorous mammals. This is one of the best-known examples of convergent evolution.
Creodonts, were the earliest sabre-tooths known. They lived in the Eocene, and are in a different order from the Feliformia. Machaeroides and Apataelurus are examples.
The Nimravids were a basal group in the Feliformia, lasting from the Eocene to the later Miocene epochs. Hoplophoneus is an example.
The Barbourofelidae is another family of Feliforms which developed the sabre-tooth lifestyle. They flourished in the Miocene. They are probably more closely related to the felids than the Nimravids.
Sparassodonts, such as Thylacosmilus, were a metatherian group of mammals. They used to be called "marsupial sabre-tooths", but they belong to a sister-group to the marsupials. Miocene to Pliocene.
The Machairodontinae: a subfamily of the Felidae, lived from the Miocene to the Pleistocene (23 million years ago to 11,000 years ago). Includes the famous Smilodon.
Nimravides, which is a member of the Felinae, and <u/l>not</u/l> one of the Nimravids.
The saber tooths were ambush predators, and probably lived in open forests. This would explain their widespread occurrence in the Miocene, when much of the land was covered with woodland. Apart from the canine teeth, their adaptations included strength in the forelimbs (more so than present-day large cats). Their robust (heavy, tough) bodies speak of strength rather than speed.
An idea of how they killed is as follows. They hid in wait, and pounced. They hung on round the prey's neck, gripping and slashing the underside of the throat with their canine teeth. This would cause death by blood loss and loss of the air supply.
The fact that their teeth vary is interesting. Some have larger teeth, some had smaller dagger-like teeth, some had smooth thick teeth, others had blade-like teeth, sometimes with serrated edges. Some had flanges on the lower jaw, most did not. Ewer remarks that this must show that there were variations in killing method, and in the type of prey, but we know little about this.
There are none living today: they are extinct. The extinctions followed climate change, as the world cooled and grassland took over from woodland in the Pliocene and Pleistocene.
References
Fossils
Bradycardia

Bradycardia (also called bradyarrhythmia) is a slow heart rate. In adults, bradycardia is defined as a heart rate that is under 60 beats per minute (bpm) while the person is resting. Bradycardia is a type of cardiac arrhythmia.
There are many types of bradycardia. Some are caused by problems with the heart. Bradycardia can also be caused by medicines, drugs, and many other things.
Symptoms
The symptoms of bradycardia depend on how slow the heart rate is and what kind of problem the heart is having. For most people, bradycardia is not a serious problem. But it can become a serious problem if it signals a major problem with the heart. Also, if bradycardia gets very bad, the heart will be unable to pump enough blood and oxygen to the body. Every part of the body needs blood and oxygen to survive. If bradycardia is bad enough, it can cause organ damage, brain damage, and death.
Causes
Problems with the heart's electrical system. There are two atria (upper chambers) in the heart: the right atrium and the left atrium. For the heart to beat normally, special parts of the right atrium have to send electricity through the heart to make it squeeze out blood. The electricity has to start in a certain place and pass through a certain route in the heart. If this does not happen correctly, the heart will not beat correctly.
Medications, like beta blockers
Depressant medications or drugs
References
Heart disease
Hugh Dempster

Hugh Dempster (August 3, 1900 - April 30, 1987) was a British theatre and movie actor.
Dempster was born on August 3, 1900 in London, England.
He starred in Vice Versa, Anna Karenina, The Winslow Boy, The Fan, Scrooge, The House Across the Lake, and in The Ghost Train.
Dempster died from pneumonia on April 30, 1987 in Chicago, Illinois, aged 86.
Some movies
The Great Well (1924)
Lord Babs (1932)
Music Hath Charms (1935)
Marigold (1938)
Three Silent Men (1940)
Other websites
Hugh Dempster at the Internet Movie Database
Hugh Dempster at the Internet Broadway Database
1900 births
1987 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
British movie actors
British stage actors
British television actors
British voice actors
Actors from London
George Washington Inaugural Bible

The George Washington Inaugural Bible is the Bible that was sworn upon by George Washington when he took office as the first President of the United States on April 30, 1789.
The Bible is the King James Version from 1767. St. John's Lodge No. 1, Ancient York Masons, own the bible.
Some people believe the Bible was randomly opened to Genesis 49 during the ceremony, although some experts believe Washington purposely chose it.
The Bible has since been used for the inaugurations of Warren G. Harding in 1921, Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1953, Jimmy Carter in 1977, and George H. W. Bush in 1989.
References
George Washington
Bibles
Megumi Ogawa

is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Ogawa played for Iga FC Kunoichi.
On December 17, 2000, Ogawa debuted for the Japan national team against United States.
Statistics
References
1980 births
Living people
Japanese footballers
Japan women's international footballers
Nadeshiko League players
Iga FC Kunoichi Mie players
Mikroglottika

Mikroglottika - An International Journal of Minority Languages Philologies, is a language scientific magazine about minority languages. The word Mikroglottika means minority language studies.
It encourages studies about minority languages philology, as phonology, syntax, lexicon and related topics.
It is edited by Peter Lang in Germany. Teachers from Universities of several European countries also contribute.
Its Yearbook 2008 has content about these languages:
Basque
German
Leonese
Luxemburgian
Ukrainian
References
Other websites
Mikroglottika web site
Linguistics journals
German language
Leonese language
Scrufizzer

Amary Lorenzo, better known as Scrufizzer, is an English singer-songwriter, record producer, and composer. Lorenzo first became famous as a grime producer before building a reputation for his bashment-influenced flow and versatility. He has collaborated with Tiesto, Wiley, Dizzee Rascal, and Cooli Carlito.
Discography
Mixtapes
Fizzy Flow (2012)
Fizzy Flow 2 (2016)
Singles
2012: "Steam"
2013: "Kick It"
2014: "Shizam" (with Zed Bias and Stylo G)
2016: "Vibe On This"
2016: "Remember Me" Scrufizzer
2017: "About This Thing" featuring Young Franco
2018: "Bump & Grind" featuring Vato Gonazles
2019: "Don't Need You" featuring Eyez produced by Stimpy
2020: "Skank & Flex" featuring Wax Motif Talki Knight
References
Other websites
Scrufizzer Youtube Channel
People from Ealing
Living people
English singer-songwriters
British record producers
English pop singers
English R&B singers
English dance musicians
Grime music artists
1989 births
Singers from London
Nymphadora Tonks

Nymphadora Tonks is a fictional character in the Harry Potter book series written by J. K. Rowling. The character is played by actress Natalia Tena in the Harry Potter movies.
Tonks, as she is known, is the only daughter of Andromeda Black and Ted Tonks. She is a Half-Blood, but both of her parents are actually magical. Her mother is a pureblood from the ancient wizarding family of the Blacks, and her father is a muggle born, therefore considering that the majority of her father's family are muggles she is considered a half-blood, even though he is not a muggle himself. Tonks is a metamorphmagus, which means that she can change her appearance at will. Her Patronus is a jack rabbit, but it changed into a wolf (Remus's Patronus) due to her love for Remus Lupin.
Tonks is first described in the books as having a pale heart-shaped face, dark twinkling eyes, and short, spikey hair that was a violent shade of violet. She knocked over a plate in the Dursley's kitchen when the 'Advance Guard' came to pick up Harry to take to number twelve, Grimmauld Place. She also knocked over the troll umbrella stand, which made Sirius's mother, Walburga Black, start screaming. She is known as "seriously clumsy."
Nymphadora was born between 1st september 1972 and 31st august 1973. She attended Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry from 1984-1991, the time of Charlie Weasley, and was Sorted into Hufflepuff House. She never became a Prefect in her 5th year, because her Head of House, Pomona Sprout, said she lacked necessary qualities, such as the ability to behave herself.
She works as an Auror in the Ministry of Magic under the eye of Mad-Eye Moody. She worked as a spy for the Order of the Phoenix. So did Arthur Weasley, Kingsley Shacklebolt, and a few others, as they themselves worked inside the Ministry.
In Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, she marries the werewolf Remus Lupin (even though she is much younger than him), and many people disapprove of her choice. Remus Lupin feels that he has endangered her and her son, and leaves her at the beginning of the Deathly Hallows. Harry, already lost his parents and his godfather, mocks him to be a coward, resulting in Harry was thrown into a wall by an angry Remus. But Remus Lupin decided that Harry was right and come back a few days later. They have a son named Edward Remus 'Teddy' Lupin. He is a metamorphmagus, just like his mother, Tonks, and is known for having aqua colored hair. Both Tonks and Lupin die during the Battle of Hogwarts, Lupin by Antonin Dolohov, and Tonks by Bellatrix Lestrange.
Teddy Lupin lives under the care of Andromeda, Tonks's widowed mother, and his godfather, Harry Potter.
Harry Potter characters
I Send a Message

"I Send a Message" is a 1984 song by Australian new wave band INXS and is the second single from their fourth studio album The Swing. The music video was filmed in Tokyo. It went to number 3 in Australia, number 18 in New Zealand and number 77 in the United States.
Track listing
7" single Track listing
12"/CD Maxi single Track listing
References
1984 songs
INXS songs
Rock songs
Star Trek (movie)

Star Trek is a 2009 science fiction movie directed by J. J. Abrams and made by Paramount Pictures. It is a reboot of the original Star Trek television series. It allows for massive changes in the storyline because of time traveling, which let its creators take the franchise in a new direction while still being faithful to the existing canon.
The movie is about the characters of the original series as they meet and assemble for the first time on the Enterprise. Together, they must fight a Romulan named Nero, who is from the future.
2009 science fiction movies
Movies about revenge
Movies set in the future
Paramount movies
Reboot movies
Star Trek movies
Movies directed by J. J. Abrams
Harbor City, Los Angeles

Harbor City, Los Angeles is a neighborhood of Los Angeles.
Neighborhoods of Los Angeles
Kevin Wickham

Kevin John Wickham (21 July 1939 - 4 July 2020) was an Australian rower. He competed as coxswain at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
Wickham died on 4 July 2020, aged 80.
References
Other websites
1939 births
2020 deaths
Australian Olympians
Sportspeople from Victoria (Australia)
Lierde

Lierde is a municipality in the Belgian province of East Flanders.
In 2007, 6454 people lived there.
It is at 50deg 49 North, 03deg 50 East.
References
Municipalities of East Flanders
Bełżec extermination camp

Belzec (, in ), was the first of the World War II Nazi German extermination camps created under Operation Reinhard. This was a key part of Hitler's "Final Solution". Hitler wanted to kill all of Europe's 11 million Jews. The camp operated from to the end of . Belzec concentration camp was about south of the local railroad station of Belzec in German-occupied Poland. Between 430,000 and 500,000 Jews are believed to have been murdered by the German SS at Belzec. There were also an unknown number of Christian Poles and Roma people killed there. Only seven Jews working as slave labor with the camp's Sonderkommando survived World War II. Only one of them became known from his own postwar testimony submitted officially. The lack of witnesses who could testify about the camp's operation is the primary reason why so little is known about Belzec.
Notable people
Elsa Binder ( 1920 1942), a Polish-born Jewish diarist, may have lived and died here.
References
Nazi concentration camps in Poland
1942 in Europe
1940s in Germany
1940s in Poland
Philip Jeck

Philip Jeck (15 November 1952 - 25 March 2022) was an English composer and multimedia artist. He was best known for his use of looping devices and both analogue and digital effects. He worked for Touch Records.
References
1952 births
2022 deaths
English composers
English musicians
Koekelberg

Koekelberg is a municipality in the Belgian Brussels-Capital Region.
In 2007, 18,541 people lived there.
It is at 50deg 51 North, 04deg 19 East.
References
Municipalities of Brussels-Capital Region
Markt Taschendorf

Markt Taschendorf is a municipality in Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim
Stromboli

Stromboli is a small island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, off the north coast of Sicily. It is one of the three active volcanoes in Italy.
Stromboli is one of the eight Aeolian Islands, a volcanic arc north of Sicily. The volcano has erupted many times and is constantly active with minor eruptions, often visible from many points on the island and from the surrounding sea. This gave rise to the island's nickname "Lighthouse of the Mediterranean". The most recent major eruption was on 13 April 2009. Stromboli stands 926 m (3,034 ft) above sea level, and over 2,700 m (8,860 ft) on average above the sea floor.
There are three active craters at the peak. A significant geological feature of the volcano is the Sciara del Fuoco (stream of fire), a big horseshoe-shaped depression generated in the last 13,000 years by several collapses on the northwestern side of the cone. Two kilometers to the northeast lies Strombolicchio, the volcanic plug remnant of the original volcano.
References
Volcanoes of Italy
Sicily
Sorens

Sorens is a municipality of the district Gruyere in the canton of Fribourg in the country of Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Fribourg
East European Plain

The East European Plain (or the Russian Plain) is a vast plain in Eastern Europe, an integral part of the European Plain.
It extends from the coast of the Baltic Sea to the Ural Mountains, from the Barents and White Seas to the Black, Azov and Caspian. In the northwest it is bounded by the Scandinavian Mountains, in the southwest by the Sudetenland and other mountains of central Europe, in the southeast by the Caucasus, and in the west the Vistula River serves as the conditional boundary of the plain.
It is one of the largest plains in the world. The total length of the plain from north to south is about 2500 km, from west to east - about 2400 km.
Belarus, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Moldova are completely located on the territory of the plain, partially - Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Finland, Poland, Romania and Bulgaria.
Geography of Europe
Tiberius Claudius Balbilus

Tiberius Claudius Balbillus Modestus (AD 3-79) was a scholar and politician from Ancient Roman. He was also an astrologer to the emperors Claudius, Nero, and Vespasian.
References
3 births
79 deaths
Bootle

Bootle is a town in Sefton, Merseyside.
Transport
Road
The A565, A5057 and A5058 roads pass through Bootle.
Rail
Bootle has two train stations: Bootle Oriel Road and Bootle New Strand.
Ferry
There are ferries available to Dublin from Bootle. However, these are freight only.
References
Towns in Merseyside
Metropolitan Borough of Sefton
Abdelaziz Djerad

Abdelaziz Djerad (; born 12 February 1954) is an Algerian politician. He was the 18th Prime Minister of Algeria from 28 December 2019 until 30 June 2021.
References
1954 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Algeria
Kobe Bryant

Kobe Bean Bryant ( ; August 23, 1978 - January 26, 2020) was an American former professional basketball player. He most recently played for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association. Bryant played as a shooting guard. During the 2005-2006 season, he scored 81 points in a game against the Toronto Raptors. He is considered one of the greatest basketball players of all time.
Bryant retired on April 13, 2016 after scoring 60 points in a Lakers win the Utah Jazz. He won an Oscar and Emmy for his movie Dear Basketball.
Bryant was born in Wynnewood, Pennsylvania. He is the youngest child of three children of his family. His father was a basketball player and coach Joe Bryant.
Championships and awards
Kobe Bryant won five championship rings from 2000-2002 and again in 2009-2010. He was awarded the Most Valuable Player in the 2007-08 NBA season after the Los Angeles Lakers went to the 2008 NBA Playoffs as the first seed in the Western Conference was the winner of 18 times NBA all-star, 15-time member of the NBA, 12-time member of the all-defensive team and 1-time slam dunk champion.
In 2008, Bryant won a gold medal with the United States national team at the Olympics in Beijing.
Bryant earned 14 selections for All-NBA teams and 12 for All-Defensive teams. He led the league in scoring twice. He received 4 all-star game MVPs in 14 appearances. He also won 2 finals MVP awards. He was also the youngest player to reach 30,000 points, passing Shaquille O Neal and Michael Jordan and becoming third on the all-time scoring list. Bryant is widely considered to be one of the greatest basketball players in NBA history.
Sexual assault investigation
In the summer of 2003, the sheriff's office of Eagle, Colorado, arrested Bryant in connection with an investigation of a sexual assault complaint filed by a 19-year-old hotel employee. In September 2004, the assault case was dropped by prosecutors after the accuser refused to testify at the trial. It later came out the accuser lied about said allegations.
Helicopter crash
On January 26, 2020, Bryant was killed in a helicopter crash in Calabasas, California that was intended to go to the Camarillo Airport, at the age of 41. His 13-year-old daughter, Gianna Bryant, and seven others also died in the crash.
Notes
References
Other websites
1978 births
2020 deaths
Aviation deaths in the United States
African-American basketball players
Los Angeles Lakers players
Sportspeople from Philadelphia
Academy Award winning writers
Emmy Award winners
National Basketball Association players with retired numbers
National Basketball Association high school draftees
American basketball players
Ashburn, Chicago

Ashburn, one of Chicago's 77 community areas, is located on the southwest side of the city. Greater Ashburn covers nearly five square miles.
Metra's SouthWest Service provides Monday-Saturday rail service at the Ashburn railroad station.
In 1999, The New York Times did an article on the Ashburn neighborhood as a case study in the difficulties of neighborhood integration in Chicago. Wrightwood, to the east, was the first section of the neighborhood to integrate, becoming dominately African-American.
Timothy McCarthy, a retired member of the United States Secret Service who took a bullet for President Ronald Reagan during the assassination attempt by John Hinckley, Jr., was named interim village manager in July 2016.
References
Other websites
Official City of Chicago Ashburn Community Map
Community areas of Chicago
Journalism sourcing

In journalism, a source or news source is a person, written thing, or other way of getting knowledge gives the reporter information that is new. Sources can be official records, books or other printed works, broadcasts, people who work for governments or businesses, organizations and corporations, people who saw and heard crimes, accidents, or other news, and people to whom a news event or issue is important.
According to Shoemaker (1996) and McQuail (1994), many things can make a source bona fide, or good, or bad. Reporters should build good relationships with sources so that they trust each other, especially if they write about the same kind of thing often. These reporters are called "beat reporters." Beat reporters should also not become close friends with their sources. Journalists should also be skeptical. That means they should wonder whether the source is telling the truth or whether they are lying or wrong. For example, the City News Bureau of Chicago wrote "If your mother says she loves you, check it out." Journalists should not use only one source. Instead, they should find many sources that agree with each other, especially when they are writing about a controversy, or something people might disagree or fight about.
References
Other websites
Be Clear About Your Source's Biases and Agendas. Project for Excellence in Journalism. Archived from the original on 18 November 2005.
Chart - Real and Fake News (2016)/Vanessa Otero (basis) (Mark Frauenfelder)
Chart - Real and Fake News (2014) (2016)/Pew Research Center
Information for Journalists from the United States Department of State (scroll to "Ground Rules for Interviewing State Department Officials" section)
Protection of journalistic sources, a factsheet of the ECtHR case law
Viewers as Sources , from Newslab
Journalism
Electoral district of Ovens Valley

Ovens Valley is an electoral district of Victoria. It was created in 2014. It is in the Northern Victoria Region.
Election results
References
Ovens Valley
Jorge Peleteiro Rubio

Jorge Peleteiro Rubio (born July 7, 1979, in Alicante) is a 7-per-team football player from Spain. He is a plumber. He has a disability: he has cerebral palsy because he did not get enough oxygen when he was being born, and is a C7 type player. He played 7-per-team football at the 1996 Summer Paralympics. His team finished third after they played the United States and won 2-1. He played 7-per-team football at the 2000 Summer Paralympics. His team finished 6.
References
1979 births
Living people
1996 Summer Paralympics
2000 Summer Paralympics
People from the Valencian Community
Plumbers
Spanish footballers
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
Arzachena

Arzachena (Alzachena, Altzaghena) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 13,650 people lived there. Its area is 230.85 km2. It is 85 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Hana to Yume

is a semi-monthly Japanese shojo manga magazine published by Hakusensha. The magazine is published on the 5th and 20th of every month. It is often nicknamed as HanaYume among the readers.
It is entirely written in Japanese and only available in Japan. Japanese girls ranked this magazine as their 4th favourite manga collection in a survey conducted by Oricon in 2006.
References
Manga
Sanhedrin

The Sanhedrin was a group of judges who led the Jewish people of every city in the Land of Israel. Their name is Greek and means "council" or "assembly." There were between twenty-three and seventy-one judges in each Sanhedrin. According to the Hebrew Bible, God commanded Moses and the Israelites to make councils of judges and to do what they said.
The Great Sanhedrin in Jerusalem led the other councils. It met every day except on holidays and Shabbat. After the Romans destroyed the Second Temple, the Great Sanhedrin moved to Galilee. It made its last law in 358 CE when it abandoned the Hebrew calendar. It stopped meeting because of persecution. Some people have tried to bring it back, such as Napoleon Bonaparte. These attempts have not been successful so far.
Judaism in Israel
Peter Hamm

Peter Hamm (27 February 1937 - 22 July 2019) was a German poet, author, journalist, editor and literary critic. He wrote many documentaries about Ingeborg Bachmann and Peter Handke. He wrote for the German weekly newspapers Der Spiegel and Die Zeit. From 1964 to 2002, Hamm worked as contributing editor for culture for the broadcster Bayerischer Rundfunk. He was born in Munich.
Hamm was in a domestic partnership with actress Marianne Koch from 1970 until his death.
Hamm died on 22 July 2019 in Tutzing, Germany at the age of 82.
References
1937 births
2019 deaths
German poets
German journalists
German critics
Writers from Munich
Big Mouth (TV series)

Big Mouth is a TV show. It was created by Nick Kroll There are 5 seasons in Big Mouth.
References
Notes
2010s American animated television series
Netflix original series
English-language television programs
Anaxagoras

Anaxagoras (, fl. 480 BC - 450 BC) was a Pre-Socratic Greek philosopher. Anaxagoras was an Ionian Greek. He was born in Asia Minor, in Clazomenae. This was a town in what is now Turkey.
Anaxagoras was the first known atheist. He also introduced the concept of nous (nous, or mind), the ordering force behind the Universe. But he did not take this idea any further.
He held that the Sun was not a god, but just material. It was a "red-hot mass many times larger than the Peloponnese". The Moon was a solid body with geographical features, and made of the same substance as the Earth.
Anaxagoras was eventually arrested and prosecuted for freethought. He was banished from Athens for impiety in 450 BC. However, his works were available in Socrates' day for a drachma.
References
500 BC births
428 BC deaths
Presocratic philosophers
Platymantis banahao

The Banahao forest frog (Platymantis banahao) is a frog. It lives in the Philippines. Scientists have seen it between 700 and 1700 meters above sea level.
References
Frogs of Asia
Your Highness

Your Highness is a 2011 fantasy-comedy movie produced by Scott Stuber, Jon Mone, Danny McBride, Mark Huffam and Andrew Z. Davis, and directed by David Gordon Green. It was released on April 8, 2011 in North America. The movie received negative reviews with Rotten Tomatoes giving it a 26% and Metacritic gave it a 31 out of 100.
Cast
Danny McBride as Thadeous
James Franco as Fabious
Natalie Portman as Isabel
Zooey Deschanel as Belladonna
Justin Theroux as Leezar
Damian Lewis as Courtney
Toby Jones as Julie
Brian Steele
Charles Dance as The King and father of Thadeous and Fabious
Rasmus Hardiker as Courtney
Noah Huntley as Head Knight
Eva Wyrwal as Dwarf Queen
Amber Anderson as Maiden
Other websites
Your Highness' Official website
2011 comedy movies
2011 fantasy movies
2010s American fantasy movies
American comedy movies
2010s English-language movies
Movies directed by David Gordon Green
Universal Pictures movies
Movies set in Belfast
Cinque Ports

The Cinque Ports is a confederation of coastal towns in Kent and Sussex. It was originally formed for military and trade purposes, but is now ceremonial. A Royal Charter of 1155 established the ports. The ports are at the eastern end of the English Channel, where the crossing to the continent is narrowest. In Norman French, the name means "five ports". They were:
Hastings
New Romney
Hythe
Dover
Sandwich
However, Rye, originally a subsidiary of New Romney, changed to become one of the Cinque Ports, after New Romney was damaged by storms and silted up. Romney is now a mile from the sea, separated from it by Dungeness, which is a large pebble beach.
The Federation of Cinque Ports includes various other towns on the coast. These are called "limbs" of the Cinque Ports.
Lydd (Limb of New Romney)
Folkestone (Limb of Dover)
Faversham (Limb of Dover)
Margate (Limb of Dover)
Deal (Limb of Sandwich)
Ramsgate (Limb of Sandwich)
Brightlingsea (Limb of Sandwich)
Tenterden (Limb of Rye)
The Federation is supported by two towns, one of which is Rye, and the other (a few miles back from the coast) is Winchelsea. These towns once supported militias which could be used for defence of the area.
References
Geography of England
Port cities and towns of England
Kent
Sussex
Pablo Larraín

Pablo Larrain Matte (; born 19 August 1976) is a Chilean filmmaker. He has directed eight movies. His best known movies are the Academy Award-nominated movies No (2012) and Jackie (2016).
References
Other websites
Living people
1976 births
Chilean movie directors
Chilean movie producers
Chilean screenwriters
Television directors
Television producers
Television writers
Writers from Santiago
Vlorë

Vlore is a city in Albania. It is the second largest port city of Albania. There are 79,948 people who live here. It is on the Adriatic Sea, almost surrounded by mountains.
Vlore is where the Albanian Declaration of Independence was proclaimed on November 28, 1912. The city was for a short time the capital of Albania.
Vlora is one of the oldest cities of Albania. It was formed by Ancient Greeks in the 6th century BC.
The University of Vlora is the second largest in Albania.
References
Cities in Albania
6th-century BC establishments