pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
John Shortland

Lieutenant John Shortland (1769-1810) was an English naval officer who explored and named the Hunter River in Australia.
Shortland joined the Royal Navy in 1781 as a midshipman. After served in Quebec and the West Indies. His father, Captain John Shortland (1739-1803), was the person in the Navy who organized many of the details for the First Fleet which took the first convicts to Australia in 1788. He arranged for two of his sons, John and Thomas George Shortland (1771 - 1827), to sail with him on the First Fleet. Shortland was the master's mate on HMS Sirius with Captain John Hunter. He was also on the ship when it was wrecked on Norfolk Island in 1790. He left Australia in 1792.
In 1792, Shortland came back to Australia with Hunter. Hunter had been made Governor of New South Wales and Shortland was First Lieutenant on the Reliance. Other officers on the ship were Matthew Flinders and George Bass. In 1797 Shortland found and named the Hunter River while searching for escaped convicts. He explored the area which is now the city of Newcastle. He made the first charts of the harbour. Shortland was given grants of land at Liberty Plains and Bankstown. He also served as a member of the Criminal Court in Sydney. He missed the excitement of navy life and in 1800 he returned to England on the Reliance.
Shortland served in Egypt and then on the Dolphin and the Trompeuse. He went to Guinea and after the death of its captain, became captain of the Squirrel. In 1805 at Halifax he was made captain of the Juno, a captured 40 gun French frigate. In 1809 he made a brave but unsuccessful attack on four French ships. The Juno was destroyed and Shortland died of his wounds. The French buried him with military honours at Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe.
The Newcastle suburb of Shortland, and the Division of Shortland - an electoral division in the Australian parliament were named after him. He was honoured with a postage stamp for the 150th anniversary but the artist made a mistake and it was Shortland's father's image on the stamp.
References
1769 births
1810 deaths
Exploration of Australia
Royal Navy officers
On Golden Pond (2001 movie)

On Golden Pond is a 2001 American live television version of the play of the same name starring Julie Andrews and Christopher Plummer. The movie originally aired on CBS on April 29, 2001.
Cast list
Julie Andrews as Ethel Thayer
Christopher Plummer as Norman Thayer
Glenne Headly as Chelsea Thayer Wayne
Sam Robards as Bill Ray
Brett Cullen as Charlie Martin
Will Rothhaar as Billy Ray Jr.
References
2001 movies
American television movies
Movies based on plays
Childcare benefits scandal

The childcare benefits scandal ( or toeslagenaffaire, ) is a political scandal in the Netherlands about false accusations of fraud made by the Tax and Customs Administration. Between 2013 and at least 2019, about 26,000 parents in the Netherlands were wrongfully suspected of making fraud claims to childcare benefit and were required to pay back large amounts of money.
The scandal was brought to the public's attention in September 2018. In 2019, the Dutch State Secretary for Finance Menno Snel resigned over his mishandling of the affair.
In January 2021, Minister of Economic Affairs and Climate Eric Wiebes stepped down, for his former role as State Secretary for Finance. The same day, two months before the 2021 Dutch general election, the prime minister Mark Rutte and his cabinet resigned after a parliamentary investigation released a report on the affair.
References
January 2021 events
2020s in the Netherlands
2010s in the Netherlands
Political scandals
Politics of the Netherlands
President of Uruguay

The President of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay () is the head of state and head of government of Uruguay. The President of the Republic is the Commander in Chief of the Armed forces. The President is elected direct popular election for a term of five years. He may be reelected any number of times, but is ineligible for immediate reelection.
Since 1990, the President's term has begun and ended on March 1. The current President is Luis Alberto Lacalle Pou.
Living former presidents
There are three living former presidents. The most recent former president to die was Tabare Vazquez (2005-2010, 2015-2020), on 6 December 2020.
Other websites
Politics Data Bank at the Social Sciences School - Universidad de la Republica (Uruguay)
St. Simons, Georgia

St. Simons Island or simply St. Simons is a barrier island and census-designated place (CDP) located on St. Simons Island in Glynn County, Georgia, United States.
The community and the island are interchangeable, known simply as "St. Simons Island", or locally as "The Island".
St. Simons is part of the Brunswick, Georgia Metropolitan Statistical Area, and according to the 2010 census, the CDP had a population of 12,743.
References
Census-designated places in Georgia (U.S. state)
Islands of the United States
Devil's coach horse beetle

The Devil's coach-horse beetle, is a very common beetle in Europe. It is also sometimes called the Cocktail beetle. It belongs to the family of the rove beetles.
References
Other websites
Polyphaga
Peripheral artery disease

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a disease of the blood vessels in the legs. It can cause leg pain with walking, or if it gets bad it can cause wounds on the skin of the feet and toes. Peripheral artery disease is a serious disease that can be fatal. Some people who get very sick from PAD may need surgery to improve blood flow in their legs and feet. If their feet get really sick they may need an amputation.
PA is also sometimes called peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD), peripheral obliterative arteriopathy, or peripheral vascular disease (PVD).
Diseases and disorders of the cardiovascular system
Politics of Australia

The Commonwealth of Australia is a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy with a liberal democratic political system. The Constitution of Australia is the world's tenth-oldest, having been in place since Federation in 1901. Australia is a federation of the six states and the two territories.
Australia's system of government has been influenced by many other systems, mostly the British Westminster system and the American federalist system, so it has sometimes been described as the "Washminster system" (a blend of "Washington" and "Westminster").
There are three tiers of government in Australia: the federal government, the state/territory government and local government.
The Australian head of government is called the Prime Minister. The Australian head of state is the Monarch (King or Queen), who is also the head of state of the United Kingdom and many other countries (like Canada and New Zealand, as well as many others). The monarch is represented by the Governor General. The current Prime Minister is Anthony Albanese (who was elected in 2022) and the current Governor General is David Hurley, who represents King Charles III.
Federal government
The federal government has three branches:
Legislature: the bicameral Parliament, which is the House of Representatives (the lower house) and the Senate (the upper house)
Executive: the Federal Executive Council, which gives legal effect to the decisions of the Cabinet
Judiciary: the High Court and other federal courts, whose judges are appointed by the Governor General
See also
List of political parties in Australia
Arteriosclerosis

Arteriosclerosis is a diseased condition of the arteries. The artery walls are thickened, hardened and lose stretchiness, called elasticity.
There are three main types:
Atherosclerosis is the most common type. It is the narrowing of arteries from a buildup of plaque, usually made up of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular waste products, calcium and fibrin, inside the arteries. This affects large and medium-sized arteries; however, its positioning varies person to person.
Monckeberg Arteriosclerosis. This is when the middle layer of the artery stiffens. This is because of calcium deposits.
Arteriolosclerosis. This affects the body's smaller arteries.
The effects of arteriosclerosis can lead to lack of regular blood flow. Low blood flow to the brain can make you dizzy, numb, have slurred speech, and have other symptoms. Thromboses can further block the blood flow. This causes you to be at risk of getting stroke, or a heart attack.
Arteriosclerosis is a major health problem. Arteriosclerosis can be prevented by reducing risks. Risks are smoking, obesity, and low amounts of exercise. Doctors recommend dieting and exercise. Diets that are low in cholesterol and saturated fats. Some patients may take drugs that lower the amount of cholesterol in their blood.
References
Diseases and disorders of the cardiovascular system
Huey Long

Huey Long (August 30, 1893 - September 10, 1935) was an American politician. He was Governor and Senator in Louisiana in the 1930s. As governor he gave out free school books, built new schools, hospitals, roads, and even a new capitol building. He was a critic of big companies and the rich. As Senator, he came up with the idea of "Share Our Wealth" clubs, which promoted wealth redistribution. Long was very popular among the American people.
Death
On September 10, 1935, Long was shot to death at age of 42 by Carl Weiss, a physician from Baton Rouge, Louisiana. At the time of his death, he was saying that Franklin D. Roosevelt's policies did not go far enough. There were rumors Long would run for president. Long was buried on the grounds of the Louisiana Capitol. The movie All the King's Men is based on the life of Huey Long.
His son, Russell would also become a U.S. Senator.
During Long's lifetime, he visited various places in Europe as part of the "Global Reach" projects that he was part of. The most prominent of these visits in the public eye was in Robertsbridge, East Sussex.
1893 births
1935 deaths
American murder victims
American progressives
Deaths by firearm in the United States
Governors of Louisiana
Murders by firearm in the United States
United States senators from Louisiana
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Mo'Nique

Monique Angela Hicks (nee Imes; born December 11, 1967), known professionally as Mo'Nique, is an American comedian and actress. She was born in Glen Burnie, Maryland. She is known for her role as Nicole "Nikki" Parker in the UPN series The Parkers from 1999 to 2004 and as Mary Lee Johnston in Precious, for which she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. In 2002, she won a Grammy Award.
References
Other websites
Academy Award winning actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
BAFTA Award winning actors
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Satellite Award winners
Grammy Award winners
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Maryland
Comedians from Maryland
Double Life (song)

"Double Life" is a single by the American rock band The Cars from their second album Candy-O. The song consists of an opening verse of Ric Ocasek singing lead vocals, then followed by all band members participating in a backing vocal verse with Ocasek still singing lead vocals during the entire bands verse as backing vocals at the same time. It then leads into a guitar solo, the vocal verse following the same pattern as the opening verse throughout the song.
The song features a short guitar solo by lead guitarist Elliot Easton, who plays a series of high-speed solo licks over a G major musical background. Some of his solo phrases deliberately end on F, the dominant seventh of G, reinforcing its role as the dominant seventh chord.
References
1979 songs
The Cars songs
Arthropod

Arthropods (Greek language for "joint-legged") are a large group of invertebrate animals. Insects, spiders, crabs, shrimp, millipedes, and centipedes are all arthropods. In the scientific classification, all arthropods are members of the phylum Arthropoda. Arthropods have segmented body, an exoskeleton and legs with joints. Most arthropods live on land, but some live in water. Arthropods have by far the greatest number of species of any animal group. Arthropods are a source of food for many animals, including humans.
Diversity
Scientists know of more than 1 million species of arthropods. 80% of all known animal species are arthropods. Many more species have not yet been described.
Most arthropod species are insects. "Insects are the most diverse organisms in the history of life".
Most arthropods live on land. The phylum Arthropoda is the only phylum of invertebrates that mostly live on land. But crustaceans (crabs, shrimp and their relatives) mostly live in water.
Arthropods are also the first phylum to develop genuine flight.
Description
Arthropods have a hard exoskeleton. The exoskeleton reduces the loss of water (dessication). This helps them to live on land without drying out.
Classification
Arthropods are made up of four groups of living animals and one group of extinct animals:
Chelicerates include horseshoe crabs, spiders, mites, and scorpions.
Myriapods include millipedes and centipedes.
Crustaceans include lobsters, crabs, barnacles, crayfish and shrimp. Most crustaceans live in water.
Hexapods include insects and a few other organisms. Hexapods have six legs.
Trilobites are a group of extinct arthropods. Trilobites all lived in oceans. Trilobites disappeared in the Permian-Triassic extinction event, about 252 million years ago. The trilobites are the second most famous type of fossils, after the dinosaurs.
Images
References
Alkaline battery

An alkaline battery is usually a primary cell (it cannot be recharged), but some are rechargeable. It is very common. Duracell, Rayovac, and Energizer are common brands of alkaline batteries. They were introduced in the 1960s and replaced the Leclanche battery as the "everyday battery" in the 1990s. They are marketed in many forms, such as AAA, AA, C, D, 9V, and small disc cells for watches and calculators. In the battery, zinc is oxidized by manganese dioxide in a potassium hydroxide electrolyte.
Related pages
Battery
Table of batteries
Batteries
Ballpoint pen

A ballpoint pen or biro (pronounced "BY-roe", named after its inventor Laszlo Biro), is a modern kind of pen for writing. It uses oil-based ink of high viscosity. The ink is inside a long, thin tube inside the pen. When a person writes with it, the ink comes onto the small, ball-shaped tip of the unit. The ink dries almost as soon as it is on the paper.
Ballpoint pens may be cheap or expensive:
Disposable pens (ones that can be thrown away) are extremely cheap. They are made almost entirely of plastic. They can be thrown away once the ink is used up.
Refillable pens are often of better quality and cost more. The thin tube which has the ink and ball-shaped tip is called a "refill" and can be replaced more cheaply than the pen.
Before the ballpoint pen was invented people usually wrote with pens which were dipped into ink, or fountain pens which were filled with ink. When the ballpoint pen was invented, many people thought they were inferior to use because the user's handwriting was not as good. Children in school continued to use the old dip pens. However, ballpoint pens are cheaper and simpler to use than pens that need to be dipped in ink.
The ink in a ballpoint is different from the ink used in a dip or fountain pen. It is a paste. It has 25 to 40 per cent dye suspended in an oil-based solvent. The most common oils are benzyl alcohol or phenoxyethanol, which mix with the dyes to create a smooth paste that dries quickly. Common dyes in blue (and black) ink are Prussian blue, Victoria blue, methyl violet, crystal violet and phthalocyanine blue. The dye eosin is commonly used for red ink.
Biros have the advantage of being very cheap, and easily portable. As a gel or paste, the dye does not run and is stable. For the same reason, the dye needs harder pressure to write than a fountain pen does, sometimes very hard pressure. This is not true of rollerball pens, which are ballpoints that use water-based ink of low viscosity. And it is not true of pencils.
The inventor Laszlo Biro registered his invention of the ballpoint pen in 1938.
Galileo was working on a draft for an invention similar to the ballpoint pen in the early 1600s.
Societe Bic is the biggest manufacturer of ballpoint pens, having sold more than 100,000,000,000 of them.
References
Writing tools
Leopold Stokowski

Leopold Anthony Stokowski, (born near London, 18 April 1882; died 13 September 1977) was a famous orchestral conductor. He conducted many of America's greatest orchestras. Many people will recognize him from Disney's film Fantasia in which he conducts the orchestra and is seen shaking hands with Mickey Mouse. Stokowski had a long conducting career which started in 1909. He appeared in public for the last time in 1975 but continued making recordings until June 1977, a few months before his death at the age of 95.
1882 births
1977 deaths
American conductors
British conductors
Sustainable energy

Sustainable energy is energy that is created in an environmentally friendly way.
It involves both energy efficiency and renewable energy. Both resources help to stabilize and reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
Efficient energy use allows energy demand to slow so that rising clean energy supplies can make big cuts in fossil fuel burning. If energy use grows too fast, renewable energy development will chase a receding target. Likewise, unless clean energy supplies come online rapidly, slowing demand growth will only begin to reduce total emissions; reducing the carbon content of energy sources is also needed.
Any serious vision of a sustainable energy economy thus requires major commitments to both efficiency and renewables.
References
Energy
Sustainable development
Mervelier

Mervelier is a municipality of the district of Delemont in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Jura
Allan McLeod Cormack

Allan MacLeod Cormack (February 23, 1924 - May 7, 1998) was a South African American Physicist. He is best known for his work on X-ray computed tomography (CT). He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1979 for his work. He shared the prize with Godfrey Hounsfield.
Life
Cormack was born on February 23, 1924 in Johannesburg, South Africa. During his early years, he attended the Rondebosch Boys' High School in Cape Town, and was a member of the debating and tennis teams. In 1944, Cormack received his BSc in physics from the University of Cape Town and in 1945, he received his MSc in crystallography in 1945 from the university. From 1947 to 1949, he attended University of Cambridge as a research student. While there, he met Barbara Seavey, an American physics student. Comack and Seavey would later get married.
After they got married, Cormack returned to lecture at the University of Cape Town in early 1950. After he took a break at Harvard from 1956 to 1957, Cormack and Seavey moved to the United States. He would then take a job as a professor at Tufts University in 1957. In 1966, he became a naturalized citizen of the United States. Even though he was mostly working on particle physics, he had a side interest in x-ray technology which led him to develop the theoretical underpinnings of CT scanning. The work that he did on this started at the University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital in early 1956. It continued shortly in mid-1957 after he returned from his break. His results were afterwards published in two papers in the Journal of Applied Physics in 1963 and 1964. The papers that had been published drew hardly any interest until the first CT scanner was built by Hounsfield and colleagues in 1971 which took Cormack's theoretical calculations into a real application. He was then the recipient of the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine which he shared with Godfrey Hounsfield. In 1990, he was awarded the National Medal of Science.
Cormack and his wife had three children; Margaret, Jean and Robert. Cormack died on May 7, 1998 in Winchester, Massachusetts from cancer. On December 10, 2002, Cormack was posthumously awarded the Order of Mapungubwe for his outstanding achievements as a scientist and for co-inventing the CT scanner.
References
1924 births
1998 deaths
American biophysicists
Cancer deaths in Massachusetts
Harvard University alumni
Inventors
People from Johannesburg
Scientists from Massachusetts
South African Nobel Prize winners
South African scientists
White South African people
Center City, Minnesota

Center City is a city in Chisago County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 628 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Chisago County.
References
Cities in Minnesota
County seats in Minnesota
Durach

Durach is a municipality in the district of Oberallgau in Bavaria in Germany.
The village came into international media attention in August 2008. A light aircraft hit power lines nearby. The pilot and passenger survived inside the plane dangling on power cables. They were rescued in front of cameras.
References
Oberallgau
O, My Darling Clementine

O, My Darling Clementine is a 1943 American musical movie directed by Frank McDonald and stars Roy Acuff, Isabel Randolph, Harry Cheshire, Frank Albertson, Lorna Gray, Irene Ryan, Edwin Stanley, Emmett Vogan. It was distributed by Republic Pictures.
Other websites
1943 musical movies
American musical movies
Movies directed by Frank McDonald
Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester

Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester (8 July 1640 - 18 September 1660) was the third adult (and youngest) son of Charles I and his queen, Henrietta Maria of France. He is also known as Henry of Oatland.
1640 births
1660 deaths
House of Stuart
English Dukes
Knights of the Garter
Pakistan International Airlines Flight 8303

Pakistan International Airlines Flight 8303 was a flight in Pakistan. It was between Allama Iqbal International Airport in Lahore, Punjab and Jinnah International Airport in Karachi, Sindh. The plane crashed on its final approach into Karachi in the Model Colony area of the city on 22 May 2020. The crash killed 97 people of the 99 people on board and one on the ground. It injured 9 others: 2 on the plane and 7 on the ground.
References
2020 disasters in Asia
International Airlines Flight 8303
Aviation accidents and incidents in Asia
2020s in Sindh
Karachi
May 2020 events
2020 in Pakistan
Aviation accidents and incidents in 2020
Needham-Schroeder protocol

The term Needham-Schroeder protocol can refer to one of two communication protocols intended for use over an insecure network, both protocols designed by Roger Needham and Michael Schroeder.
The two protocols are:
The Needham-Schroeder Symmetric Key Protocol is based on a symmetric encryption algorithm. It forms the basis for the Kerberos protocol. This protocol aims to establish a session key between two parties on a network to protect their communication.
The Needham-Schroeder Public-Key Protocol, based on public-key cryptography. This is intended to provide mutual authentication between two parties communicating on a network, but in its proposed form it is not secure.
Related pages
Kerberos (protocol)
References
Other websites
http://www.lsv.ens-cachan.fr/spore/nspk.html - description of the Public-key protocol
http://www.lsv.ens-cachan.fr/spore/nssk.html - the Symmetric-key protocol
http://www.lsv.ens-cachan.fr/spore/nspkLowe.html - the public-key protocol amended by Lowe
Cryptography
Herlisberg

Herlisberg is a village and former municipality of the district of Hochdorf in the canton of Lucerne, Switzerland.
On 1 January 2005 the former municipality of Herlisberg merged into the municipality of Romerswil.
Villages in Lucerne
Former municipalities of Lucerne
Robinson College, Cambridge

Robinson College is one of the colleges of the University of Cambridge, England. It was created in 1977 so it is the newest college in Cambridge. It allowed both men and women from the start. Today, it has about 550 students. The college was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1981. Because it is new, it does not have many of the traditions of the older colleges. For example, students can walk on the grass in the college gardens.
It takes the name from David Robinson who gave PS18 million to build the college. He also gave PS3 million to build a new part of the Addenbrooke's Hospital in Cambridge. The buildings are made of red brick and are found in Grange Road, a few minutes away from the city centre of Cambridge.
Some important people have studied here, like Nick Clegg, the Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
References
Other websites
Official website
Colleges of the University of Cambridge
1977 establishments in the United Kingdom
C.F. Monterrey

The Club de Futbol Monterrey is a Mexican football club from Monterrey, Nuevo Leon.
The club has won 4 league titles in 1986, 2003, 2009 and 2010, a Copa Mexico in 1991, and three straight CONCACAF Champions League tournaments in 2011, 2012 and 2013.
Honors
National
Mexican Primera Division: 4
Mexico 86, Clausura 2003, Apertura 2009, Apertura 2010
Runner-up (4): 1992-93, Apertura 2004, Apertura 2005, Clausura 2012
Segunda Division de Mexico: 2
1956, 1960
Second Division Super Cup: 1
1956
Copa Mexico: 1
1991
Runner-up (2): 1964, 1969
Campeon de Campeones: 0
Runner-up (1): 2003
InterLiga: 1
2010
Pre Pre Libertadores: 1
1998
International
CONCACAF Cup Winners' Cup: 1
1993
CONCACAF Champions League: 3
2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13
Friendly tournaments
2nd place Trofeo Ciudad de la Linea (Spain, 1979).
2nd place: Ciudad de Alicante Trophy (Spain, 1979.
2nd place: Ciudad de Jerez Trophy (Spain, 1979).
Los Angeles Nations Cup (1): 1991.
Copa Gobernador de Nuevo Leon (1): 1992.
Subcampeon del Torneo Ria de Aveiro (Portugal): 1995.
Subcampeon del Trofeo Ciudad de Santiago de Compostela (Spain): 1995.
Copa Rial (Pontevedra, Espana) (1): 1995.
Copa Movistar (1): 2002.
International Challenge Cup (1): 2003.
Torneo de Verano Miller Lite (1): 2004.
Copa Chiapas(1): 2006.
Trofeo Santos Laguna 25 Aniversario: 2008.
Chicago Mayor's Cup (1): 2009.
Copa 100 anos de la UNAM: 2010.
References
Mexican football clubs
Monterrey
1945 establishments in North America
1940s establishments in Mexico
Middleton, Massachusetts

Middleton is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States.
Towns in Massachusetts
Bill Tapia

Uncle Bill "Tappy" Tapia (born January 1, 1908 - December 2, 2011) was an American musician, born in Honolulu, Hawaii. His parents were Portuguese. At age 10, Tapia already had been a professional musician, playing "Stars and Stripes Forever" for World War I soldiers in Hawaii.
His long career started in Vaudeville and soon after he became a jazz guitarist and ukulele player. He has worked with big names such as Bing Crosby, Louis Armstrong, and Elvis Presley and also worked with Hawaiian musicians such as King Bennie Nawahi, Sol Ho'opi'i and Andy Iona. People think that Tapia is the first musician to play jazz on the ukulele.
Other websites
Interview with Uncle Bill Tapia - Part I
Interview with Uncle Bill Tapia - Part II
Uncle Bill Tapia Official Home Page
Podcast interview featuring Uncle Bill's live music and life story.
1908 births
2011 deaths
American centenarians
American guitarists
American jazz musicians
Musicians from Hawaii
Vaudeville performers
People from Honolulu
Francesca Capaldi

Francesca Angelucci Capaldi (born June 8, 2004) is an American actress. She is best know as a child actress for her role of Chloe James in the Disney Channel television series, Dog with a Blog.
Filmography
Movies
Television
References
Other websites
2004 births
Living people
Actors from San Diego, California
American child actors
American television actors
American movie actors
Chaux, Territoire de Belfort

Chaux is a commune. It is found in the region Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Territoire de Belfort department in the northeast of France.
References
Communes in Territoire de Belfort
Diane Black

Diane Lynn Black (nee Warren; born January 16, 1951) is an American politician. She was the U.S. Representative for from 2011 to 2019.
On August 2, 2017, Black announced her intention to run for Governor of Tennessee in the 2018 election. She lost the Republican nomination to businessman Bill Lee in the primaries.
References
Other websites
Congresswoman Diane Black official U.S. House site
1951 births
Living people
United States representatives from Tennessee
Politicians from Baltimore
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Fernando Redondo

Fernando Redondo (born 6 July 1969) is a former Argentine football player. He has played for the Argentinian national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1985/86||rowspan="5"|Argentinos Juniors||rowspan="5"|Primera Division||1||0
|-
|1986/87||0||0
|-
|1987/88||14||0
|-
|1988/89||36||0
|-
|1989/90||14||1
|-
|1990/91||rowspan="4"|Tenerife||rowspan="4"|La Liga||23||1
|-
|1991/92||32||2
|-
|1992/93||20||4
|-
|1993/94||28||1
|-
|1994/95||rowspan="6"|Real Madrid||rowspan="6"|La Liga||23||1
|-
|1995/96||23||2
|-
|1996/97||33||1
|-
|1997/98||33||0
|-
|1998/99||23||0
|-
|1999/00||30||0
|-
|2000/01||rowspan="4"|Milan||rowspan="4"|Serie A||0||0
|-
|2001/02||0||0
|-
|2002/03||8||0
|-
|2003/04||8||0
65||1
268||12
16||0
349||13
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1992||4||0
|-
|1993||13||1
|-
|1994||9||0
|-
|1995||0||0
|-
|1996||0||0
|-
|1997||0||0
|-
|1998||0||0
|-
|1999||3||0
|-
!Total||29||1
|}
References
1969 births
Living people
Argentine footballers
Neil Peart

Neil Ellwood Peart (September 12, 1952 - January 7, 2020) was a Canadian musician. He was best known as the drummer and lyricist for the rock band Rush. He was also an author of 4 books, including Ghost Rider, a book about his life after both his daughter and his wife died within a year of each other.
He won many awards for his drumming, and was a guest star as himself in the Aqua Teen Hunger Force movie.
Peart died from glioblastoma, which is a type of brain cancer, on January 7, 2020, in Santa Monica, California. He was 67.
References
Other websites
Official website
Canadian drummers
Canadian songwriters
1952 births
2020 deaths
People from Hamilton
Writers from Ontario
Musicians from Ontario
Jenny Slate

Jennifer Sarah "Jenny" Slate (born March 25, 1982) is an American, actress, voice actress and author.
She is best known for her role as Donna Stern in Obvious Child, as well as being the co-creator of the Marcel the Shell with Shoes On short movies and children's book series.
She is also known for her season as a cast member on Saturday Night Live from 2009 to 2010 and for her appearances in shows such as House of Lies, Married, Parks and Recreation, Bob's Burgers, Hello Ladies, Kroll Show, and Girls and Star vs. the forces of evil as Pony Head.
In 2017, she voiced Harley Quinn in The Lego Batman Movie.
Slate was born in Milton, Massachusetts. She studied at Milton Academy and Columbia University. In 2012, Slate married Dean Fleischer-Camp. They divorced in 2016. In 2021, she married Ben Shattuck.
References
Other websites
1982 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Comedians from Massachusetts
American children's writers
Actors from Massachusetts
Writers from Massachusetts
People from Milton, Massachusetts
Lockheed-Martin X-35

The Lockheed-Martin X-35 is a prototype aircraft designed and built in the United States. It was selected against the Boeing X-32 for the Joint Strike Fighter program. Three variants of X-35 were built. Series aircrafts are known like F-35 Lightning II.
Variants
X-35A, designed for replacement of General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon and Fairchild-Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II in the US Air Force.
X-35B, designed for replacement of Mc Donnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II in the US Marines Corps.
X-35C, designed for replacement of McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet in the US Navy.
Bibliography
Frawley, Gerard, The international directory of military aircraft 2002/2003 . London: Aerospace Publication, 2002. .
Donald, David, Carrier Aviation Air Power Directory, The World's carrier and their aircraft 1950 - Present. London: Airtime Publishing, 2001. .
United States military aircraft
X-35
Verve Records

Verve Records is an American jazz record label. It is now owned by Universal Music Group. It was founded by Norman Granz in 1956, absorbing the catalogues of his previous labels: Norgran Records and Clef Records (founded 1953) and material that had previously been licensed to Mercury previously.
History
Verve's catalogue grew throughout the 1950s and 1960s to include most of the major jazz figures, although Granz tended to record established artists, sometimes those on the decline, rather than new talent. It also recognized the potential of comedy albums, producing Spike Jones' first LP, Dinner Music For People Who Aren't Very Hungry in 1956 and several best-selling albums featuring live performances by Shelley Berman beginning in 1960.
Granz sold Verve to MGM in 1961 for $3 million. Creed Taylor was named producer and took a more commercial approach, cancelling several contracts. Taylor brought bossa nova to America with the Stan Getz/Charlie Byrd LP Jazz Samba as well as Getz/Gilberto. Several noted arrangers also worked for the Verve label in the 1960s, including Claus Ogerman and Oliver Nelson. Claus Ogerman, by his own admission in Gene Lees' Jazzletter, arranged some 60-70 albums for Verve under Creed Taylor's direction between 1963 and 1967.
Shortly before leaving Verve in 1967, Taylor oversaw the creation of a folk music subsidiary named Verve Folkways (later renamed Verve Forecast) by Verve executive Jerry Schoenbaum. But now, new recordings began to slow down and cease entirely in the early 1970s.
Other websites
Official site
Verve Remixed
A Few Words About a Living Legend, Creed Taylor
American record labels
1956 establishments in the United States
Abdul Aziz Al Ghurair

Abdul Aziz Al Ghurair (born 1 July 1954) is an Emirati billionaire who is chief executive of the publicly traded Mashreq Bank. His family's most valuable holding is worth an estimated US$8 billion.
References
Business people
1954 births
Living people
Emirati people
Devil May Cry

The Devil May Cry series is a hack and slash video game series where the player fights demons using both melee weapons and firearms. The video game series has five main games and one reboot game.
For most of the series, the player plays as Dante, a demon-hunter who is half-human and half-demon. The player earns upgrades, learns new moves, and buys items using Red Orbs, a pickup the player gets by exploring the level and killing enemies. The player gets more Red Orbs from enemies by getting a higher Combo Ranking. The player increases their Combo Ranking by killing multiple enemies quickly without getting hurt and by using many different attacks in a short amount of time.
Interestingly enough, the first Devil May Cry game was supposed to be Resident Evil 4. However, the game became so different from earlier Resident Evil games that the development team decided that the game should be a new IP instead of a Resident Evil game. The first Devil May Cry game sold well and got good reviews. Due to the game's popularity, it had several sequels and inspired other hack and slash games like Bayonetta.
Despite the first game getting good reviews, the sequel, Devil May Cry 2, got poor reviews. Nonetheless, since the second game sold well there was enough money to make Devil May Cry 3, which got many good reviews, although it got some criticisms for being such a difficult game. Devil May Cry 4 also got good reviews, and the difficulty was made a little easier so that more people could enjoy it, but it was criticized for reusing levels instead of making more levels. Worried that the game series could lose its appeal to video game players if it did not change the game series much, Capcom hired a British game developer named Ninja Theory to reboot the game series with DmC: Devil May Cry. The game was loosely based on the story of the earlier games, but the game had a much darker tone and Dante's look and personality was changed a lot. While the game got positive reviews from professional critics, it was criticized very heavily by fans of the series, who did not like Dante's new look and personality. Due to harsh criticisms from the fans, Capcom decided to continue the original series by making Devil May Cry 5.
Mass media franchises introduced in 2001
Encinitas, California

Encinitas is a beach city in the North County area of San Diego County, California. It is located within Southern California. It is about north of San Diego. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 62,007.
References
Cities in California
Settlements in San Diego County, California
Twenty20

Twenty20 or T20 cricket is a short version of the game of cricket. It started in England for inter-county competitions in 2003. A Twenty20 game has two teams, each has a single innings at batting for a maximum of 20 overs.
A Twenty20 game is usually takes about three and half hours, with each innings lasting around 75 minutes. This means that it is similar to other team sports. It was hoped that the games would have more action and that people would enjoy the games, both at the ground and on television. It has been very successful. The England Cricket Board did not want Twenty20 to take over from other forms of cricket and these are still played.
The game has now spread around the whole cricket world. On most international tours there is at least one Twenty20 match and all Test-playing nations have their own competitions. The first ICC World Twenty20 was played in South Africa in 2007 with India winning by five runs against Pakistan in the final. Pakistan won the 2009 ICC World Twenty20, defeating Sri Lanka by eight wickets. England won the 2010 ICC World Twenty20 defeating Australia in the final by seven wickets.
All T20 World Cups as of 2021:
References
Other websites
International Cricket Council (ICC)
T20 World Cup Live Stream Channels
Cricket
Surry, New Hampshire

Surry is a town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, 820 people lived there.
Other websites
New Hampshire Economic and Labor Market Information Bureau Profile
Towns in New Hampshire
18th-century establishments in North America
Sill (geology)

In geology, a sill is a flat sheet-like intrusion. As molten magma, it pushed between older layers of rock. The older rock may be sedimentary rock, beds of volcanic lava or tuff, or metamorphic rock.
The sill does not cut across preexisting rocks, unlike dykes. Sills are fed by dykes as they form from a lower magma source. The existing rocks must split to create the planes along which the magma moves in. These planes or weakened areas allow the intrusion of a thin sheet-like body of magma paralleling the existing strata. When it cools and crystallises, it is then a sill.
Igneous rocks
Showcase (Canadian TV channel)

Showcase is a Canadian English-language television channel. It is owned by Corus Entertainment.
Canadian television channels
Bill Mallon

William James Mallon (born February 2, 1952) is an American orthopedic surgeon, former professional golfer and a leading authority on the history of the Olympic Games.
1952 births
Living people
American surgeons
American golfers
2023 Gabonese coup d'état

A coup d'etat happened in Gabon on 30 August 2023. It happened because the military did not agree with the results of the general election held on 26 August. Ali Bongo Ondimba was announced to have won the election on 30 August, and the coup happened shortly after.
It is the seventh successful coup to occur in West and Central Africa since 2020. The others happened in Mali (twice), Guinea, Burkina Faso (twice) and Niger.
References
August 2023 events
2023 in Africa
Coups d'etat
21st century in Gabon
Brimsdown railway station

Brimsdown railway station is in the London Borough of Enfield in north east London. The station is in Travelcard Zone 5, on the Tottenham Hale branch of the Lea Valley Lines, 17 km (10 3/4 miles) north of London Liverpool Street. The station, and all trains serving it, is operated by Abellio Greater Anglia.
References
Other websites
Railway stations in the London Borough of Enfield
1884 establishments in England
Railway stations served by National Express East Anglia
Kamal Rani Varun

Kamal Rani Varun (3 May 1958 - 2 August 2020) was an Indian politician. She was member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly from 2017 to 2020. She was also a member of Eleventh and Twelfth Lok Sabha between 1996 and 1999. She was born in Lucknow. Varun was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.
On 2 August 2020, Varun died at a hospital in Lucknow at the age of 62 from COVID-19.
References
1958 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in India
Politicians from Lucknow
Big Bang nucleosynthesis

In physical cosmology, the Big Bang nucleosynthesis was an event that happened during the Big Bang. It made elements heavier than hydrogen when the Universe was young. Most cosmologists believe that it happened roughly 10 seconds to 20 minutes after the Big Bang. It is also calculated to have made most of the helium in the Universe and a very small amount of lithium. It also made two radioactive isotopes. They are tritium and beryllium-7.
References
Big Bang
Nuclear physics
Elena Santiago

Elena Fernandez Gomez (8 February 1941 - 3 January 2021), known by the pen name Elena Santiago, was a Spanish writer. She was born in Castile and Leon, Spain. In 1983, she won the Felipe Trigo Awards. She wrote many Christmas-related children stories. She wrote Cuentos de este siglo, Cien anos de cuento, El Faro, Miguel Delibes, and Jorge Guillen.
Santiago died at the age of 79 on 3 January 2021 in Valladolid, Spain.
References
1941 births
2021 deaths
Spanish writers
St. Charles, Michigan

St. Charles is a village in Saginaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,054 at the 2010 census.
Villages in Michigan
Bucking Broadway

Bucking Broadway is a 1917 American western movie directed by John Ford and starring Harry Carey, Molly Malone, L. M. Wells, Vester Pegg, and Gertrude Astor.
Other websites
1917 movies
1910s Western (genre) movies
American Western (genre) movies
American silent movies
Movies directed by John Ford
Popularity

Popularity is the state of being well-liked or well-known. People, things, and ideas can be popular. Popularity figures are an important part of many people's personal value systems, and forms a critical part of success in fields such as management, politics, and the entertainment industry, among others.
Many different varieties of popularity exist, and many ways in which to gain it. General popularity usually involves respect in two ways: a popular person is respected by groups of people and will take that respect. This reinforces the idea that the person deserves the popularity. Likewise, amicability (friendliness) is an important part of popularity, as a person who does not like others is unlikely to be liked by others. This inverse nature of interpersonal popularity is often overlooked by people (particularly the young) who are attempting to become popular: being loud may be successful in gaining attention, but is unlikely to provide mutual respect.
Society
Akihiro Nagashima

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Nagashima was born in Kobe on April 9, 1964. After graduating from Mikage Technical High School, he joined Regional Leagues club Matsushita Electric (later Gamba Osaka) in 1983. In 1984, the club was promoted to Japan Soccer League. The club won 1990 Emperor's Cup. In 1992, Japan Soccer League was folded and founded new league J1 League. On June 5, 1993, he score a hat-trick against Nagoya Grampus Eight. He became the first player in J1 League to score a hat-trick as Japanese player. In 1994, he moved to Shimizu S-Pulse.
In January 1995, Great Hanshin earthquake occurred in his local Kobe. In June, Nagashima moved to Japan Football League club Vissel Kobe to encourage disaster area. In 1996, the club won the 2nd place and was promoted to J1 League. He played 138 games and scored 67 goals for the club. He retired in 2000.
On July 27, 1990, Nagashima debuted for Japan national team against South Korea. He played 4 games for Japan until 1991.
Statistics
|-
|1983||rowspan="9"|Matsushita Electric||Regional Leagues||||||||||||||||
|-
|1984||rowspan="2"|JSL Division 2||||||||||||||||
|-
|1985/86||||||||||||||||
|-
|1986/87||JSL Division 1||22||7||||||||||22||7
|-
|1987/88||JSL Division 2||14||6||||||1||0||15||6
|-
|1988/89||rowspan="4"|JSL Division 1||21||5||||||1||0||22||5
|-
|1989/90||22||15||||||0||0||22||15
|-
|1990/91||21||8||||||1||1||22||9
|-
|1991/92||21||8||||||3||3||24||11
|-
|1992||rowspan="2"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="2"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||3||2||9||5||12||7
|-
|1993||32||12||0||0||6||5||38||17
|-
|1994||rowspan="2"|Shimizu S-Pulse||rowspan="2"|J1 League||28||8||0||0||1||1||29||9
|-
|1995||10||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||10||1
|-
|1995||rowspan="6"|Vissel Kobe||rowspan="2"|Football League||15||10||3||0||colspan="2"|-||18||10
|-
|1996||28||17||3||5||colspan="2"|-||31||22
|-
|1997||rowspan="4"|J1 League||32||22||2||1||5||3||39||26
|-
|1998||28||10||2||2||3||1||33||13
|-
|1999||26||7||0||0||1||0||27||7
|-
|2000||9||1||0||0||1||0||10||1
329||137||13||10||32||19||374||166
329||137||13||10||32||19||374||166
|}
|-
|1990||3||0
|-
|1991||1||0
|-
!Total||4||0
|}
References
Other websites
1964 births
Living people
Footballers from Hyogo Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
Japan Soccer League players
Gamba Osaka players
Shimizu S-Pulse players
Vissel Kobe players
La Chapelle-Vaupelteigne

La Chapelle-Vaupelteigne is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Poltava Oblast

Poltava Oblast () is an oblast (province) of central Ukraine. The administrative centre is Poltava. The population of Poltava Oblast was 1,462,000 in 2013.
References
States and territories established in 1937
Robert Evans

Robert Evans (June 29, 1930 - October 26, 2019) was an American movie producer and studio executive. He was best known for his work on Rosemary's Baby, Love Story, The Godfather, and Chinatown.
Evans died on October 26, 2019 at his home in Beverly Hills, California from stroke-related problems at the age of 89.
References
Other websites
Robert Evans web show on JumpBoxTV
Life Magazine profile on Robert Evans, published March 7, 1969
Robert Evans Official Site The official site of legendary Hollywood producer Robert Evans
1930 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Movie producers from New York (state)
Businesspeople from New York City
Forel, Fribourg

Forel is a village of the district Broye in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2006 the former municipalities of Autavaux, Forel and Montbrelloz merged to form Vernay.
References
Former municipalities of Fribourg
Villages in Fribourg
Under Fire (1983 movie)

Under Fire is a 1983 American Mexican thriller movie directed by Roger Spottiswoode and starring Nick Nolte, Gene Hackman, Joanna Cassidy, Ed Harris, Richard Masur, Hamilton Camp, Rene Enriquez. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Other websites
1983 thriller movies
1980s war movies
American war movies
American thriller movies
Mexican thriller movies
Movies directed by Roger Spottiswoode
MGM movies
Movies set in Central America
Movies set in the 1970s