pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
William Margold

William "Bill" Margold (October 2, 1943 - January 18, 2017) was an American pornographic actor and director. He was born in Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States. He began his career in 1972. He continued to perform until 2007. He had more than 250 credits to his name as an actor and director. He was added to the AVN Hall of Fame.
Margold died on January 18, 2017 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 73.
References
Other websites
William Margold at the Internet Adult Film Database
1943 births
2017 deaths
Actors from Washington, D.C.
American movie directors
American pornographic actors
Pornographic movie directors
Shepherd

A shepherd is someone who looks after sheep. Shepherds usually take the sheep out into fields so that they can graze (eat the grass). In the same way, someone who looks after cows is called a "cowherd". A "swineherd" looks after pigs and a "goatherd" looks after goats. A herd is a group of animals. "Herding" can also mean making a herd of animals go to another place. A female shepherd is called a "shepherdess".
Many years ago, when most people lived in the country, shepherding was very common. Sheep were kept for their milk, meat, and especially their wool. We know that there were shepherds in some parts of the world thousands of years ago.
The shepherd's job was to make sure the sheep were safe and they were not eaten by wolves or other wild animals.
A shepherd's way of life
In many societies shepherds were an important part of the economy. Unlike farmers, shepherds were often wage earners. They were paid to watch other people's sheep. Shepherds often lived all on their own. Some were nomads. Shepherds were most often the younger sons of simple farmers who did not inherit any land. Still in other societies, each family would have a family member to shepherd its flock, often a child or young person or an old person who was not able to help much with the harder work.
Shepherds often worked with dogs. The dogs (sheepdogs) were trained to herd the sheep. Sheepdog trials are still popular today. The shepherd has to give signs to the dog to tell it exactly where he wants the sheep to go.
A shepherd had a lot of time to sit and think or amuse himself. He often made simple instruments out of reeds that grew where he sat. These instruments were often simple pan flutes or just pipes which were similar to bamboo pipes or a modern recorder. Some shepherds learned to carve instruments out of wood. An example is the fujara from Slovakia and southern Poland.
Shepherds in the arts
Shepherds often made up music. This is why composers of classical music very often wrote music which imitated the sound of the shepherd's pipe. For example: in Mozart's opera The Magic Flute the character Papageno, a birdcatcher, plays on his pipes. In the Symphonie Fantastique Berlioz wrote music which describes a shepherd playing his pipes, and a shepherdess far away the other side of the hill answering his call. Berlioz used an oboe and a cor anglais for this.
Musicians were not the only people who liked the idea of the life of a shepherd. Many painters painted scenes in the country with sheep being looked after by a shepherd. Poets wrote about shepherds. The shepherd's way of life was thought to be the ideal way to live. It was called Arcadian. Poems like these are called pastoral, after the term for herding. Some early examples are the Idylls of Theocritus, and the Eclogues of Virgil.
In religion
King David was a shepherd before becoming King of Israel.
In the Christian religion Jesus is often called "the good shepherd" because he looks after his people, as a shepherd looks after his sheep.
Muhammad, the Prophet of Islam, was one of many prophets who worked as shepherds.
Related pages
Sheepdog
Alsatian (dog)
Animal husbandry
Agricultural occupations
Pedogenesis

Pedogenesis or soil evolution (formation) is how soil is created.
Climate regulates soil formation. Soils develop more in areas with more rainfall and more warmth. The rate of chemical weathering increases by 2-3 times when the temperature increases by 10 degrees Celsius (50degF). Climate also affects which organisms are present, affecting the soil chemically and physically (movement of roots, burrowing by animals).
The organisms living in and on the soil form distinct soil types. Coniferous forests have acidic leaf litter. Mixed or deciduous forests leave a larger layer of humus. Prairies have very high humus accumulation, creating a dark, thick soil.
The rock from which soil is formed is called 'parent material' (bedrock). The main types are: eolian (wind), glacial material, alluvium, lake material other parent materials.
Pedogenesis is the major topic of the science of pedology. Its other aspects include the soil morphology, classification (taxonomy) of soils, and their distribution in nature.
Related pages
Topography
References
Buol, Stanley W; F.D. Hole & R.W. McCracken. 1997. Soil genesis and classification. 4th ed, Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames.
Hole Francis D. & J.B. Campbell. 1985. Soil landscape analysis. Totowa Rowman & Allanheld.
Geology
West Creek Township, Lake County, Indiana

West Creek Township is one of eleven townships in Lake County, Indiana. When counted at 2010, its population was 6,826 people and it had 2,664 houses.
History
West Creek Township was founded in 1839. It took its name from the westernmost of the three nearby large streams.
Geography
According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of , of which (or 99.81%) is land and (or 0.19%) is water.
References
Settlements in Indiana
List of heads of state of Libya

This is a list of heads of state of Libya since independence in 1951.
Heads of state of Libya (1951-present)
Affiliations
References
World StatesmenLibya
Libya
Libya-related lists
Mattimeo

Mattimeo is a fantasy book written by Brian Jacques in 1989. It is the third book in the Redwall series. It was also translated into six different languages.
1989 books
Redwall
Fantasy books
Rabiu Afolabi

Rabiu Afolabi (born 18 April 1980 in Osogbo, Nigeria) is a Nigerian soccer player. He plays for F. C. Red Bull Salzburg in the Austrian Bundesliga as defender.
Career
After playing good in the UEFA-CAF Meridian Cup in 1997 he went to Europe and played for Standard Liege. He signed 2000 for SSC Napoli in the Seria A but had no breakthrough. So he went back to Belgium. 2003 till 2005 the played the first time in Austria for FK Austria Wien. After his time in France( FC Sochaux 2005-2009) he signed for F.C. Red Bull Salzburg. 2011 he his in AS Monaco now playing in the League 2 in France
International
He started with the team of Nigeria in the 1999 African Youth Championship. The he was captain of the Nigerian team at the 1999 FIFA World Youth Championship in Nigeria, where they reached the quarter finals. On 17 June 2000, he made his first match in the senior team in a 2002 World Cup qualifing match against Sierra Leone. Rabiu Afolabi was member of the Nigerian team for the 2002 and 2010 World Cups.
References
Other websites
Official Website
Players profile Official Website FC Red Bull Salzburg
Guardian football stats-Rabiu Afolabi
Nigerian footballers
1980 births
Living people
Peshmerga

Peshmerga () are the military forces of the federal region of Iraqi Kurdistan. The Peshmerga and other Kurdish security forces are responsible for the security of the regions in Iraqi Kurdistan. These forces include Asayish (intelligence agency), Parastin u Zanyari (assisting intelligence agency) and the Zeravani (military police). The peshmerga was started in 1943, but built upon a traditional, strictly tribal pseudo-military border guard under the Ottomans and Safavids.
The regular Iraqi army is forbidden to enter Iraqi Kurdistan, so Peshmerga forces are the only security forces in the area.
Formally the peshmerga are under the command of the Kurdistan Regional Government's Ministry of Peshmerga Affairs. In reality the peshmerga force itself is largely divided and controlled separately by the two regional political parties: Democratic Party of Kurdistan and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan. Unifying and integrating the peshmerga has been on the public agenda since 1992 but the forces remain divided due to factionalism which has proved to be a major stumbling block.
In 2003, during the Iraq War, peshmerga were said to have played a key role in the mission to capture Saddam Hussein. In 2004, they captured key al Qaeda figure Hassan Ghul, who revealed the identity of Osama Bin Laden's messenger, which eventually led to the attack that killed Osama Bin Laden. In 2017 Peshmerga troops were part of the coalition that took back Mosul from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.
References
Kurdistan
Organisations based in Iraq
Regé-Jean Page

Rege-Jean Page (born 27 April 1988) is a British actor. He is mostly known for playing the role of Simon Basset in the Netflix series Bridgerton. Page also appeared as Guy Braxton in the BBC One school-based drama series Waterloo Road.
References
Other websites
1988 births
Living people
British actors
Actors from London
Irene (1940 movie)

Irene is a 1940 American musical movie directed by Herbert Wilcox and was based on the 1919 musical of the same name by James Montgomery. It stars Anna Neagle, Ray Milland, Roland Young, Alan Marshal, May Robson, Billie Burke, Arthur Treacher, Marsha Hunt, Isabel Jewell and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1941.
Other websites
1940 musical movies
1940s American musical movies
Movies based on plays
Movies directed by Herbert Wilcox
Infantry

Infantry is the branch of a country's army that fights on foot. A member of the infantry is called an infantryman. Infantrymen are also called foot soldiers or footmen. Infantry is different than cavalry because infantry members fight on their own two feet, without vehicles or animals to ride on. Historically, infantrymen were trained to use spears, swords and shields. Modern infantrymen are trained to use many different kinds of weapons, including rifles, grenades, rocket launchers, pistols, sniper rifles, and machine guns. It is one of the most dangerous jobs in any country's military. Since the end of World War II, 81% of Americans killed in battle were infantrymen. This is despite the fact that the infantry made up only about 4% of the US military. The infantry is the backbone of the military and the most important branch of the army.
References
Army
Mother's Day (movie)

Mother's Day is a 1980 American horror-thriller movie. This is about three women who go camping in the woods They get attacked by two men and their mother.
This movie got mixed reviews from the critics.
1980 horror movies
1980s horror thriller movies
American horror thriller movies
1980s English-language movies
Rape in movies
American independent movies
1980 independent movies
Fixed-gear bicycle

A fixed-gear bicycle (also called a "fixie") is a bicycle that has no freewheel mechanism (allowing pedals to stay still while moving).
It is a dangerous bike to use in towns. This type of bicycle is becoming more and more popular around the world.
Fixed-gear bicycles are very light. They are built without any unnecessary gadgets, such as chain rings or freewheel hub. When a person rides a fixed-gear bicycle, he/she/they need not put a lot of energy into it as with a geared bike.
Most bicycles have a freewheel so the pedals will stay stationary while the bicycle is moving and so that the rider can ride without pedaling going forward or down a hill. Fixed-gear bicycles have even simpler mechanisms with pedals fixed to the back wheel. That means that the rider cannot stop pedaling. When the rear wheel turns, the pedals turn in the same direction. This allows a cyclist to use a brake by putting a pressure in opposite directions to pedals, so that the mechanism will not rotate.
It also makes it possible to ride backwards, although learning to do so is much more difficult than riding forwards.
References
Human-powered vehicles
Cycling
Alex Beresford

Alexander Isaac Beresford (born 17 October 1980) is an British weather presenter for ITV.
Early life and education
Beresford was born in Bristol, England. His mother is English and his father is Guyanese. He grew up in the Eastville area of Bristol and went to St Thomas More RC School (now Fairfield High School).
Career
Beresford worked primarily for The West Tonight on ITV West in Bristol, initially as a teleprompter operator in August 2004, but later retrained as a weather presenter in 2005.
It also presents ITV's national weather forecast from 26 November 2007.
In February 2009, he moved to The West Country Tonight on ITV West Country following the closure of ITV West.
He was set to join ITV's breakfast programme Daybreak as a full-time weather anchor after making a guest appearance on 16 March 2012. However, he departed for personal reasons, but continued to perform full-time but still continued on standby for Laura Tobin. Daybreak was axed on April 25, 2014; it was replaced by a new show, Good Morning Britain, in which Beresford continued as standby for Tobin. He appears both in the studio and at other events.
Piers Morgan quit due to his argument with Beresford on Morgan's criticism to Meghan Markle, which Beresford had alternative actions.
1980 births
Living people
English television presenters
INA War Museum

The INA War Museum () or the Indian National Army War Museum () is a WWII museum in Moirang, Manipur. It is the only official WWII museum in Manipur though many other WWII museums are opened in the state. This museum is situated inside the INA Memorial Complex. The museum focuses primarily on the rise of the Indian National Army and the contributions of Subhash Chandra Bose to the Indian independence movement. This museum is the only official museum dedicated to Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose.
History
Moirang is the first place in Indian soil where the Indian national tricolour flag was hoisted. It was in this place where the INA War Museum and the INA Martyrs' Memorial Complex were developed. The INA War Museum was established in the year 1985. It was in tribute to Subhash Chandra Bose for his roles in the Indian Freedom Struggle.
Collections and features
The Indian National Army War Museum displays artefacts and relics of WWII found from various locations in Manipur. These relics dating back to 1944 include arms and ammunition, bayonets, helmets and other documents. It also displays hundreds of photographs of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose and the INA, maps, insignia, currency notes, Netaji's letters, INA badges and Japanese amulets.
Exhibits
The INA museum exhibits a gallery of historical personalities of Manipur including Manipuri soldiers in the Indian National Army.
References
Other websites
The INA War Museum www.museumsofindia.org
Ganesan pays floral tribute to Netaji INA soldiers www.pothashang.in
Governor visits INA Museum www.pothashang.in
INA flag hoisting anniversary observed at Moirang www.pothashang.in
INA will be upgraded soon - CM www.pothashang.in
Governor hoists National Flag INA www.pothashang.in
President paid Homage Subhash Chandra Bose INA Moirang www.pothashang.in
Museums in Manipur
Agave nectar

Agave nectar (also called agave syrup) is a sweetener produced from several species of agave, including blue agave (Agave tequilana). Agave syrup is sweeter than honey and tends to be less viscous. Most agave syrup comes from Mexico and South Africa.
References
Mexican food
Sweeteners
Syrup
Integrated Services Digital Network

Integrated Services Digital Network is an international standard for a communication network. It is often shortened to ISDN. It is used for telephone lines. Before ISDN, telephone lines were mainly seen as a way for people to make phone calls, so the main idea was to use circuit switching. When a phone call is made, a line is set up between the two participants. This phone call is analogue. With ISDN, this view changes. As the signal is now digital ISDN can be used to offer a number of services, which use the telephone line to transport data. There were different services, like telex or teleprinters before ISDN, but they used their own networks. At specific locations, there were gateways between these networks. With ISDN, this changes. There is only one network, and it offers different services. Some of them are for voice, to make phone calls, others are for data, for example to send telefaxes.
Channels
ISDN offers a number of data channels, and a signalling channel. The data channels carry the actual service data. The two data channels are completely independent and can be used independently. The usual setup has two such data channels. That way, it is possible to send a fax through one channel, while doing a phone call over the other channel, for example. If the main focus is on a high quality voice connection, the two channels can be combined into one single channel carrying twice the amount of a single channel enhancing the quality dramatically.
For larger companies it is possible to extend the number of data channels to 30 with still one signalling channel.
Computer networking
Curious George (book)

Curious George is a children's book written and illustrated by Margret Rey and H. A. Rey, and published by Houghton Mifflin in 1941. It is the first book in the Curious George series and tells the story of a monkey called George and his adventures with the Man with the Yellow Hat.
References
Children's books
Simon Henshaw

Simon Henshaw (died June 9, 2020) was an American diplomat. He was the United States Ambassador to Guinea from 2019 until his death.
From 2011 to 2013, he was Director of the Office of Andean Affairs, and, from 2008 to 2011, he was Deputy Chief of Mission at the United States Embassy in Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
On August 10, 2018, President Trump announced his plans to nominate Henshaw as the next United States Ambassador to Guinea. On August 16, 2018, his nomination was sent the United States Senate. On September 26, 2018, he appeared before the United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. On January 2, 2019, his nomination was confirmed in the Senate.
Henshaw died of a heart attack on June 9, 2020, in Guinea.
References
2020 deaths
Ambassadors of the United States
Politicians from Massachusetts
James Celebrezze

James Patrick Celebrezze (February 6, 1938 - February 10, 2021) was an American Democratic politician. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio. Celebrezze was a member of the Ohio House of Representatives from 1967 to 1974.
Celebrezze died on February 10, 2021 in Cleveland at the age of 83.
References
1938 births
2021 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Cleveland
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
1952 Winter Olympics

The 1952 Winter Olympics, officially known as the VI Olympic Winter Games, were held in 1952 in Oslo, Norway.
Participating nations
A total of 30 nations sent athletes to compete at these Games, which was the highest number to that date. This was the first time New Zealand and Portugal participated in the Winter Olympic Games. Australia, Germany, and Japan returned, after having missed the 1948 Winter Olympics. Korea, Liechtenstein, and Turkey did not participate in 1952, after having competed in 1948.
Other websites
IOC page for the 1952 Winter Olympics
1952 Winter Olympics
1952 in sports
1952 in Europe
20th century in Norway
History of Oslo
Egon Schübeler

Egon Schubeler (4 September 1927 - 20 January 2022) was a German politician. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany. He was in the Landtag of Schleswig-Holstein from 1967 to 1987. He was born in Flensburg, Schleswig-Holstein, Preussen, Germany.
Schubeler died on 20 January 2022 at the age of 94.
References
1927 births
2022 deaths
Politicians of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany
Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)

The Kingdom of Hungary (), sometimes known as the Regency or the Horthy era, existed as a country from 1920 to 1946 under the rule of Regent Miklos Horthy.
References
20th-century establishments in Hungary
Former dictatorships
Inverness Airport

Inverness Airport is an international airport at Dalcross, 7 nautical miles (~8 miles or 13 km) north east of the city of Inverness in the Scottish Highlands.
The airport is the main gateway for travellers to the Highlands and Islands. There are a wide range of scheduled services throughout the United Kingdom and Ireland; also there are limited charter and freight flights to continental Europe. 591,397 passengers passed through the airport in 2009. It is owned by Highlands and Islands Airports Limited (HIAL) who own most of the regional airports in mainland Scotland and the outlying islands.
Like many of the airports in the Highlands and Islands, this airport was originally a RAF air base, and played a role in World War II. It was converted to civilian use in 1947.
Statistics
References
Airports in Scotland
Airport
Days Inn

Days Inn is a brand of hotels and motels in America.
American hotel chains
Companies based in New Jersey
Arduino

Arduino is a small popular electronic machine that makes it very easy for people to make electronic things. It has two parts: a circuit board and a program that lets people tell the circuit board what to do. As of 2011, more than 300,000 Arduinos had been sold.
The machine
The machine part is open source, which means that anybody can make their own version of an Arduino machine for free. An official Arduino costs around US$30. The original Arduino is made by a company in Italy called "Smart Projects" but other types of Arduino boards have been designed by SparkFun Electronics, an American company.
"Shields"
Sometimes, people will make other machines that go on top of an Arduino board and let the board do more things. These are called "Arduino shields". They can do different things, like let an Arduino machine connect to the internet, or add a touchscreen, or let an Arduino use GPS to figure out where it is. Shields can also combine and stack on top of each other.
Telling the Arduino what to do
Arduinos are programmed in C or C++, using a program also called Arduino. An example program to blink a light (LED) could look like this:
#define LED_PIN 13
void setup () {
pinMode (LED_PIN, OUTPUT); // Enable pin 13 for digital output
}
void loop () {
digitalWrite (LED_PIN, HIGH); // Turn on the LED
delay (1000); // Wait one second (1000 milliseconds)
digitalWrite (LED_PIN, LOW); // Turn off the LED
delay (1000); // Wait one second
}
First, the code after "void setup() {" runs. This tells the Arduino that pin 13 is going to be sending data out. Most Arduino boards have an LED attached to pin 13. Then, the code after the "void loop () {" runs. When it reaches the bottom, the code after the "void loop" runs again, until the Arduino is turned off. This code makes the Arduino tell the LED to turn on, wait a second, then turn off and wait another second. Since it repeats, this code will turn the LED on and off again and again.
References
Computer hardware
2005 establishments
Free software
IDEs
Thomas R. Marshall

Thomas Riley Marshall (March 14, 1854 - June 1, 1925) was an American politician. He was the 28th vice president of the United States. He served under Woodrow Wilson from 1913 to 1921.
1854 births
1925 deaths
20th-century American politicians
American people of World War I
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Governors of Indiana
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Konradsreuth

Konradsreuth is a municipality in Upper Franconia in Hof in Bavaria in Germany.
Geography
The districts
With the local government reorganization in 1972, the following villages were combined and merged into Konradsreuth municipality:
References
Hof (district)
Neurosecretion

Neurosecretion is when nerve cells make, store and release hormones.
The hormonal system of the body is almost entirely controlled by the central nervous system. It normally does this by sending nerve impulses down axons to a gland. However, some special nerve cells can make hormones themselves, and deliver them to glands which act as storage organs. The neurons of the neuroendocrine system are large; they are mini factories for producing secretory products. These cells are called neurosecretory cells, and they make neurohormones.
Most neurohormones are secreted from nerve cells in the hypothalamus of the brain which (either immediately, or after storage) circulate in the blood. They are similar to normal endocrine cells and glands because they regulate both endocrine and nonendocrine cells.
There are also neuroendocrine cells in the adrenal glands, which are just above the kidneys. They are called chromaffin cells, and they release epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline).
References
Neuroendocrinology
Jonquières, Aude

Jonquieres is a commune of 59 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
Communes in Aude
Pedro Pablo Kuczynski

Pedro Pablo Kuczynski Godard (; born 3 October 1938), better known simply as PPK, is a Peruvian economist, politician and public administrator. He is the 66th President of Peru serving from 2016 until his resignation in 2018. He previously served as Prime Minister of Peru from 2005 to 2006.
President
Kuczynski was a presidential candidate in the 2011 presidential election, placing third. Kuczynski went on to stand in the 2016 election, where he narrowly defeated Keiko Fujimori, daughter of former President Alberto Fujimori. He was sworn in as President on July 28, 2016.
On 15 December 2017, the Congress of Peru began impeachment proceedings against Kuczynski, after he was accused of lying about receiving payments from a scandal-hit Brazilian construction firm in the mid-2000s. However on 21 December 2017 the Peruvian congress lacked the majority of votes needed to impeach Kuczynski.
After further scandals and facing a second impeachment vote, Kuczynski resigned the presidency on 21 March 2018 following the release of videos showing alleged acts of vote buying, presenting his resignation to the Council of Ministers.
On April 10, 2019, he was arrested along with his secretary Gloria Kisic Wagner and his ex-driver Jose Luis Bernaola for an alleged crime of money laundering in the Odebrecht case. In turn, he authorized the Prosecutor's Office to search for 48 hours the homes linked to their surroundings in search of documents related to that case.
Related pages
List of scientists from South America
References
Other websites
Pedro Pablo Kuczynski profile - El Mundo newspaper
PPK on Twitter
Newsweek interview with Kuczynski
Biography by CIDOB
1938 births
Living people
Presidents of Peru
Prime Ministers of Peru
Economists
Politicians from Lima
Stefano Rodotà

Stefano Rodota (30 May 1933 - 23 June 2017) was an Italian jurist and politician. He served as Vice President of the Chamber of Deputies from 30 April 1992 through 4 June 1992. He was born in Cosenza, Italy. He was a member of the Democratic Party of the Left and later became an Independent. In 2013, Rodota became a candidate for President of Italy for the Five Stars Movement nomination.
Rodota died in Rome, Italy on 23 June 2017 at the age of 84.
References
Other websites
Biography of Stefano Rodota
1933 births
2017 deaths
Italian politicians
Italian writers
Moosburg, Austria

Moosburg is a market town in Klagenfurt-Land in the Austrian state of Carinthia.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Carinthia (state)
Yaron Ben-Dov

Yaron Ben-Dov (11 January 1970 - 6 January 2017) was an Israeli footballer. He played for Ironi Rishon LeZion, Maccabi Netanya and Hapoel Tel Aviv. He was born in Netanya.
Ben-Dov died after an illness on 6 January 2017 at the age of 46.
References
1970 births
2017 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Israel
Israeli footballers
Jewish Israeli sportspeople
Randersacker

Randersacker is a market town and municipality in Lower Franconia, a part of Bavaria, Germany. It is in Wurzburg, and it is next to the Wurzburg boroughs Heidingsfeld, Rottenbauer, Sanderau and Frauenland and to the municipalities of Gerbrunn, Theilheim and Eibelstadt.
Geography
Randersacker is in the south of Wurzburg. This part of the Main is called . The city of Wurzburg is about three miles away from the village center of Randersacker.
There are two subdistricts: Lindelbach and the main part Randersacker.
References
Wurzburg (district)
John Hartnell

John Hartnell was an explorer in the Franklin Expedition (Franklin's Lost Expedition). He died early in the trip.
Death
Studies showed that Hartnell may have died from a zinc deficiency.
References
British explorers
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Save Your Tears

"Save Your Tears" is a song by Canadian recording artist The Weeknd, from his seventh studio album, After Hours (2020). It was written by The Weeknd with Max Martin, Oscar Holter, DaHeala, and Belly, with the first four serving as the song's producers. The music video for the song was released on January 5, 2021, and depicts Tesfaye onstage with an exaggerated look that resembles plastic surgery, while wearing his signature sequined red suit.
A remix of the song featuring American entertainer Ariana Grande was released on April 23, 2021. Grande is a credited songwriter on the remix of the song.
After the song peaked at number four on the US Billboard Hot 100, the song topped the chart dated May 8, 2021, with both The Weeknd & Ariana Grande as credited artists. It became the sixth US number-one song for both artists.
Charts
References
2021 songs
The Weeknd songs
Ariana Grande songs
Synth-pop
Retalhuleu Department

Retalhuleu is a department in Guatemala. The capital is the city of Retalhuleu.
Municipalities
Champerico
El Asintal
Nuevo San Carlos
Retalhuleu
San Andres Villa Seca
San Felipe
San Martin Zapotitlan
San Sebastian
Santa Cruz Mulua
Departments of Guatemala
Victoria Island

Victoria Island is an island in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and the border between Nunavut and the Northwest Territories runs through the island. It is the 9th biggest island of the world, and at is Canada's second largest island and nearly double the size of Newfoundland (or only slightly bigger than the size of the island of Great Britain). The western third of the island belongs to the Inuvik Region in the Northwest Territories and the rest is part of Nunavut's Kitikmeot Region.
As of 2006, 1,875 live on Victoria Island. Most of the people (1,477) live in its biggest city, Cambridge Bay.
Islands of Canada
Arctic islands
Zombie (computing)

A zombie computer (often shortened as zombie) is a computer attached to the Internet that has been compromised by a hacker, a computer virus, or a trojan horse.
Generally, a compromised machine is only one of many in a botnet, and the hacker will make the computer do unwanted things from far away. Most owners of zombie computers do not know that their system is being used in this way. Because the owner tends to not know, these computers are compared to zombies.
Computing
League of Legends

League of Legends (LoL) is a multiplayer online battle arena video game. It was created by Riot Games. People can play the game on Microsoft Windows and macOS. The game is free-to-play, meaning people do not need to pay money to play the game. The game uses a freemium way to make money. League of Legends was inspired by Defense of the Ancients (DotA).
As of 2013, it is the most played computer game in the world with over 32 million active users per month. It is currently the most played game in the world by active users per month. The game is very popular for professional competitions.
Gameplay
In League of Legends, the player who is called a "summoner" selects a "champion" from a pool of 157 (As of September 2021) possible choices, each with their own set of unique abilities. Each player plays in a team with 4 other summoners against another 5 person team. The goal of the team is to make it to the opposite team's base, called a nexus, and destroy it in one of 3 battle arenas, called maps. However, to accomplish this, teams must first destroy 3 towers and an inhibitor in at least one lane. The Nexus also spawns AI-controlled minions for each team, that move forward and attack the first enemy champion, minion, or turret they see. The most popular map, Summoner's Rift, is split into three lanes that each have three turrets and an inhibitor. Players can kill minions, or other enemy players to gain gold which can be spent on items to make their champion stronger.
Between each lane are paths where neutral monsters spawn, called the jungle. Either side can kill these monsters to gain gold, experience and buffs.
Each champion has three normal abilities and an ultimate ability. Killing minions, jungle monsters and enemy champions gives experience and when a certain amount is reached the champion 'levels up' and the player can spend a point to improve one of their abilities. There are 18 levels and points can be spent in any order. However, these points can only be used to buy a champion's ultimate ability and it's improvements at levels 6, 11 and 16.
Player experience and intelligence points are earned by playing matches over time. Player accounts begin at level one. There is no level cap, but some of the game modes are not unlocked until level 30. They also unlock abilities called summoner spells that can be used in game, as well as Runes. These provide small bonuses during the game.
References
Other websites
2009 video games
Online games
Wim de Jongh

Wim de Jongh (7 January 1928 - 9 September 2022) was a Dutch footballer who played as an attacker. De Jong played with USV Elinkwijk in the Eredivisie, the Dutch highest level of professional football in the Netherlands. In the 1955-56 season he scored 32 times and became top-3 topsorer that season. He became an honorary member of USV Elinkwijk. In 1960 he moved to SBV Vitesse.
De Jongh lived in Nieuwegein almost all his life. He died in Nieuwegein on 9 September 2022, at the age of 94 years old.
References
Other websites
A selection of images in Dutch newspapers
Image of De Jong, in Nieuw Utrechtsch dagblad, March 1955
Image of De Jong, in Nieuw Utrechtsch dagblad, October 1955
Image of De Jong, in Nieuw Utrechtsch dagblad, April 1956
Image the marriage of De Jong and Boerkool, in Nieuw Utrechtsch dagblad, November 1956
Image of De Jong, in Nieuw Utrechtsch dagblad, October 1957
Image of De Jong, in Het Rotterdamsch parool, March 1959
1928 births
2022 deaths
Dutch footballers
Deryck Ferrier

Deryck John Henri Ferrier (20 July 1933 - 7 January 2022) was a Surinamese sociologist and agricultural economist.
Ferrier became in 1971 general director of the (Ceswo). He was best known as a social science researcher of Surinamese society. He was also the author of literary work.
Ferrier died in Paramaribo on 7 January 2022, at the age of 88.
References
Surinamese people
sociologists
Economists
South American writers
1933 births
2022 deaths
People from Paramaribo
Chestertown, Maryland

Oakland is the county seat of Kent County, Maryland, United States.
Towns in Maryland
County seats in Maryland
Michael R. Long

Michael R. Long (February 1, 1940 - July 24, 2022) was an American politician. He was chairman of the Conservative Party of New York State from December 1988 to January 2019. Long represented the Borough of Brooklyn at-large on the New York City Council from 1981 to 1983. He was a Republican. Long was born in New York City.
Long died on July 24, 2022 at the age of 82.
References
1940 births
2022 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from New York City
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Margarete Furchheim

Margarete Furchheim (born 4 July 1900) was a German track and field athlete who was active between 1918 and 1925. She was a member of athletics club TV Jahn Munchen.
Furchheim competed in athletics from 1918.
In 1922 Furchheim became national champion at the in the long jump event with a jump of 5.28 metres.
She competed at the 1922 Pro Patria women's international athletics competition, one of the earliest international women's athletic competition and the first women's 100 metres international race in the Netherlands. After winning easily her semi-final, Furchheim won the 100 metres final ahead of among others the Dutch national champion and record holder in the 80 metres Annie van de Blankevoort.
At the 1923 there were for the first time women's competitions held. Furchheim won the nineathlon. The big medal she won is being exposed.
The last competitions of Furchheim were in 1925, including winning the 60 metres in Halle.
References
Other websites
Image of Furchheim
Image of Furchheim
1900 births
Year of death missing
German athletes
Hobbit

Hobbits are a fictional race in the Middle-earth world invented by J. R. R. Tolkien, also often called halflings.
They appeared in the books The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings. Several important main characters in those books are hobbits, such as Bilbo Baggins and Frodo Baggins.
Hobbits (or similar beings) have become very popular and are now often used in fantasy fiction and (video) games.
Appearance
Hobbits are like small humans between two and four foot tall (between 60 and 120 centimeters). They have hair/fur on the top side of their feet, leathery foot-soles, and slightly pointed ears. They tend to be stout and often have brown and curly hair. Male hobbits do not have beards. Hobbits live longer compared to humans, and many hobbits reach the age of 100.
Culture
Hobbits are a peaceful people and live a simple, pre-industrial life in the land which they call The Shire, and also in Bree-land.
A typical hobbit-house has a long hallway with rooms on both sides, and round doors and windows. Originally these were underground in hills, then the house was called a smial; but this architecture(style of building) is also used for 'normal' houses above ground.
Related pages
The Hobbit
The Lord of the Rings
Middle-earth
Middle-earth
Fictional races
Leaders of South Vietnam

This is a list of leaders of South Vietnam, since the establishment of the Autonomous Republic of Cochinchina in 1946, and the division of Vietnam in 1954 until the fall of the Republic of Vietnam in 1975, and the reunification of Vietnam in 1976.
Heads of state
Chiefs of the State of Vietnam (1949-1955)
Presidents of the First Republic of Vietnam (1955-1963)
Prime Minister of South Vietnam
Other websites
Rulers - Vietnam
World Statesmen - South Vietnam
Heads of government
President of Botswana

The President of the Republic of Botswana is the head of state and the head of government of Botswana.
Presidents of Botswana (1966-present)
References
Living Next Door to Alice

"Living Next Door to Alice" is a 1972 song co-written by Nicky Chinn and Mike Chapman. It was originally released as a single by Australian band New World and went to number 35 in Australia. It was made famous by British band Smokie in 1976 for their third studio album Midnight Cafe. It went to number 1 in Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Ireland, the Netherlands and Norway.
References
1972 songs
Smokie (band) songs
Pop rock songs
Folk rock songs
Alternative

In natural language and in cognitive decision-making, alternative is one of two things/(abstract or real objects)/actions which can be chosen. From a specific perspective/(point of view)/goal, alternatives are always equivalent.
In logic and mathematics, alternative is the element of logical disjunction.
In different contexts alternative (or Alternativism) may refer to :
Alternative rock, a style of rock music
Alternative dance and Alternative metal, subgenres of alternative rock
Alternative hip-hop
Alternative country
Alternative algebra, an abstract algebra with alternative multiplication
Alternative comics, one of several labels applied to a range of comic strips and books
Alternative comedy, a range of styles used by comedians and writers in the 1980s
Alternative culture, a variety of subcultures outside or on the fringes of so-called accepted mainstream culture
Alternative dispute resolution, processes and techniques outside the traditional mainstream of jurisprudence
Alternative lifestyle, a lifestyle that it is not within the generally perceived cultural norm
Alternative media, media practices falling outside the mainstreams of corporate communication
Alternative medicine, methods and practices used in place of, or in addition to, conventional medical treatments
Alternative society, alternative models for society and social change
Alternative education, alternatives to traditional education
Alternative school, a school geared towards students whose needs cannot be met in the traditional school such as underachievers who do not qualify for special education, rather than educational alternatives for all students
Lluís-Anton Baulenas i Setó

Lluis-Anton Baulenas (born in Barcelona, 1958) is a Catalan novelist, translator and playwright.
Works
Rampoines 451 (Good-for-Nothing 451, 1990)
Noms a la sorra (Names in the Sand, 1995), a finalist for the Sant Jordi Prize
Alfons XIV (1997), a finalist for the Sant Jordi Prize
El fil de plata (The Silver Thread, 1998), which received the Serra d'Or Critics' Prize
La felicitat (Happiness, 2001), which received the Prudenci Bertrana Prize
Awards
1989 Premi Documenta de narrativa for Calida nit
1998 Premi Carlemany de novel*la for El fil de plata
1999 Premi Critica Serra d'Or de novel*la for El fil de plata
2000 Premi Prudenci Bertrana de novel*la for La felicitat
2005 Premi Ramon Llull de novel*la for Per un sac d'ossos
2008 Premi Sant Jordi de novel*la for El nas de Mussolini
Sources
Escriptors.cat
Webpage devoted to Lluis-Anton Baulenas at LletrA (UOC), Catalan Literature Online) (English)
Toronto Star
Spanish writers
Living people
1958 births
Straight Line (movie)

Straight Line () is a 1967 Soviet drama movie directed by Yuri Shvyryov. It stars Lyudmila Dolgorukova, Oleg Efremov, and Sergei Gololobov.
Actors
Lyudmila Dolgorukova as Natasha
Oleg Efremov as Colonel
Sergei Gololobov as Kostya Knyazegradski
Evgeniy Lebedev as Neslezkin (as Yevgeni Lebedev)
Elza Lezhdey as Emma
Aleksey Mironov
References
Other websites
Soviet movies
1967 movies
Soviet drama movies
Halimah bint Abi Dhuayb

Halima Sadia () was an Arabic Beduin woman. She was a foster mother and took care of the prophet Muhammad for the first six years of his life. Halimah and her husband were from the tribe of Sa'd b. Bakr (a large North Arabian tribe).
Relationship with Muhammad
Foster mothers came to Mecca to feed children. It was the custom at that time in Makkah that families send their children to live for a while with a nurse who lived in the desert. This was healthier for their bodies to be around a natural environment instead of living in the city. They preferred that the fathers of the children they took care of were still alive. Although Muhammad's father was dead, Halimah took him just eight days after he was born. He grew up in Hudaybiyah, then in Medina before he was returned to his mother, Aminah bint Wahb.
Years after Muhammad's mother died and he became married to Khadijah, Halimah came to him complaining of her poverty. He asked Khadijah to give her 40 sheep. After Muhammad got his first revelation, Halimah and her husband came to Muhammad and embraced Islam. When she came to Muhammad on the day of Hunayn, he took off his robe and put it on the ground for her to sit.
So when the group of foster mothers arrived at the Makkah city and they picked up most of the children, the last nurse arrived with her husband (Al-Harith) riding a donkey and old camel. She found only one orphan boy who had no father to pay her. She was ready to go back but she did not want to return without a baby. She decided to go back and pick up the orphan.
As soon as she lifted that boy, her life changed and became filled with immense good fortune and blessings. The old camel, which had not given a drop of milk, was soon over flowing with milk. Although she was the last women leaving makkah on her donkey, she passed her friends. This was indeed a great blessing for her and for this poor Bedouin family.
After two years, Muhammad was returned to his mother Amina. She told Amina about the great blessings that she had received when Muhammad was in her care, but soon, Amina was persuaded by Halima and her husband (Al-Harith) to return the child back with them for another two years to protect him from a spreading disease in Makkah.
References
Sahaba
6th-century births
Year of death unknown
SN 1006

SN 1006 was a supernova that was probably the brightest stellar event in recorded history.
It got to about -7.5 visual magnitude, more than sixteen times the brightness of Venus. This "guest star" was described by observers across China, Japan, Iraq, Egypt, and the continent of Europe. Modern astronomers now think its distance from Earth was about 7,200 light-years.
It was likely a white dwarf star that had been pulling matter off an orbiting companion star. When the white dwarf mass exceeded the stability limit (known as the Chandrasekhar limit), it exploded.
References
Supernovae
Spanky Manikan

Spanky Manikan (March 22, 1942 - January 14, 2018) was a Filipino actor for theater, movie and television. He was born in Manila.
Manikan was known for his roles as Orly in Himala (1981) and as NAVA in the 1986 movie Behind Enemy Lines, co-starring David Carradine. He won the Metro Manila Film Festival Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in Himala in 1982. At the time of his death, Manikan was starring as Mr. Jang in the drama series My Love from the Star.
Manikan died of lung cancer on January 14, 2018 in Manila at the age of 75.
References
Other websites
1942 births
2018 deaths
Actors from Manila
Filipino movie actors
Stage actors
Filipino television actors
Shoe

A shoe is a type of footwear. It is an item of clothing. You can wear them outside. Shoes come in pairs, with one shoe for each foot. People usually wear shoes in public. They are worn for hygiene, style, and comfort. While there are some shoes that don't need socks to wear, shoes are usually worn with socks.
Shoes are a type of foot protection. For example, many shoes can protect a person's foot from sand; others do not.
Types of shoes
There are many different types of shoes. Athletic shoes, for example, are lightweight to make running, walking or jogging easier. The sole of the shoe is also softer. Slippers are a kind of indoor shoe. They often serve to keep feet warm. Tall shoes are boots. Rubber boots are used in wet places.
Shoes are also worn for fashion. Shoes with a high heel are called high heels. Shoes for formal wear are made of leather. They are worn for business and ceremonial functions.
Other websites
External links
Shoe on English Wikipedia
Basic English 850 words
Footwear
Party of Freedom and Justice

The Party of Freedom and Justice (, SSP) is a centre-left and social-democratic political party in Serbia. It is led by Dragan Dilas. It was founded in 2019.
References
Political parties in Serbia
Yosa Buson

was a Japanese Haiku poet and painter, usually referred to simply as "Buson". He is one of the greatest poets of the Edo period, comparable with Matsuo Basho and Kobayashi Issa.
He was born in Osaka, his real family name was Taniguchi (). From 1758, he began to live in Kyoto, and he stayed there for rest of his life. He got married when he was 45 years old, and became a father of his daughter Kuno ().
References
1716 births
1784 deaths
Japanese artists
Japanese poets
People from Osaka
Intertel

Intertel is the second oldest and third largest high IQ society. Members must score in the top one percentile on a standardized, supervised IQ test.
The name was originally "The International Legion of Intelligence" and members are called ILIans.
Related pages
Mensa International
Triple Nine Society
Other websites
Intelligence
Chang Ch'ung-ho

Chang Ch'ung-ho or Zhang Chonghe (; May 17, 1914 - June 17, 2015), also known by her married name Ch'ung-ho Chang Frankel, was a Chinese-American poet, calligrapher, educator and Kunqu opera singer. She was called as "the last talented woman of the Republic of China" ().
On June 17, 2015, Chang Ch'ung-ho died in New Haven, Connecticut, aged 101.
Related pages
List of Chinese writers
References
1914 births
2015 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Chinese educators
Chinese singers
Chinese writers
American poets
Educators from New Haven, Connecticut
American centenarians
People from Shanghai
Writers from New Haven, Connecticut
Singers from Connecticut
Musicians from New Haven, Connecticut