pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Computus

Computus (Latin for "computation") is the method for calculating the date of Easter. In the early 4th century there was confusion about when Christian Easter or the Resurrection should be celebrated.
History
Background
At the Arles Council, in 314, was obliged to all the Christianity to celebrate Easter the same day, and that this date was going to be assigned by the Pope, that was going to send epistles to all the churches in the world with the necessary instructions. However, not all the congregations followed those precepts.
Nicaea Council
In the First Council of Nicaea, in 325, this subject was solved.
Was established that the Resurrection Easter had to be celebrated fulfilling some norms:
Easter had to be celebrated on Sunday.
It can not coincide with the Jewish festival of Passover, celebrated independently which day of the week it was.
Christians cannot celebrate Easter twice the same year. This is explained because the new year started in the spring equinox, so the celebration of Easter before the real equinox was prohibited.
However, there still were discussions between the Roman Church and the Alexandrian Church, while the Nicaea Council said that the Alexandria Church was right, they had to calculate the date (in Alexandria), then communicate it to Rome. The Roman Church had to spread the computus to the rest of the Christianity.
Calculation
Let's define 5 variables, a, b, c, d, and e. In addition to two constants, M and N, so the years between 1900 and 2100 take the values 24 and 5, respectively. We'll call A the year that we want to calculate the Easter date.
a is the remainder of the division , or technically according to the modular arithmetic we should say ,
b is the remainder of the division ,
c is the remainder of the division ,
d is the remainder of the division ,
e is the remainder of the division .
If d + e < 10, the Easter date will be in March (d + e + 22). If opposed (d + e > 9), will be in April (d + e - 9).
There are 2 exceptions:
If the obtained date is April 26, the Easter date will be April 19, not April 26.
If the obtained date is April 25, with d = 28, e = 6 and a > 10, then the Easter date will be April 18.
The values for M and N for years before 1900 or after 2100 can be obtained from the following table:
Further reading
Mosshammer, Alden A. The Easter Computus and the Origins of the Christian Era. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. .
Easter
4th-century works
A Cage of Nightingales

A Cage of Nightingales is a 1945 French movie directed by Jean Dreville. In French it is called La Cage aux rossignols. It was one of the movies that nearly won an Oscar award. It was first shown in the USA in 1947.
Notes
1945 movies
French-language movies
French movies
Kalevi Oikarainen

Kalevi Oikarainen (27 April 1936 - 14 August 2020) was a Finnish cross-country skier. He competed between the 1950s and the 1970s. Oikarainen was born in Kuusamo. He won a bronze medal in the 4 x 10 km relay at the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble.
He died on 14 August 2020 at the age of 84.
References
1936 births
2020 deaths
Finnish Olympic bronze medalists
Finnish skiers
Plurinational Legislative Assembly

The Plurinational Legislative Assembly () is the national legislature of Bolivia. It is found in La Paz, the country's seat of government. The assembly is bicameral, consisting of a lower house (the Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados) and an upper house (the Senate, or Camara de Senadores). The Vice President of Bolivia is also the President of the Plurinational Legislative Assembly. Each house elects its own directorate: a President, first and second Vice Presidents, and three or four Secretaries (for the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, respectively).
References
Bolivia
Bolivia
Government in South America
Organizations based in Bolivia
Colfontaine

Colfontaine is a municipality in the Belgian province of Hainaut.
In 2007, 19998 people lived there.
It is at 50deg 24 North, 03deg 51 East.
References
Municipalities of Hainaut
Bezolles

Bezolles is a commune in the Gers department. It is in southwestern France.
Related pages
Communes of the Gers department
Communes in Gers
Goh Chok Tong

Bole Goh Chok Tong (; born 20 May 1941) was the second Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore. A member of the People's Action Party (PAP), he became Prime Minister on 28 November 1990, succeeding Lee Kuan Yew, and served in the role until 12 August 2004, when he stepped down and was succeeded by Lee Hsien Loong. He subsequently served as Singapore's Senior Minister until May 2011, and as the Chairman of the Monetary Authority of Singapore. He continues to serve as a Member of Parliament (MP) representing the Marine Parade Group Representation Constituency and holds the honorary title of "Emeritus Senior Minister".
References
Other websites
http://app.sgdi.gov.sg/listing.asp?agency_subtype=dept&agency_id=0000000014
1941 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Singapore
Riviera Beach, Florida

Riviera Beach is a city of Florida in the United States. It is in Palm Beach County. It is home to the Port of Palm Beach and a United States Coast Guard station.
References
Cities in Florida
Palm Beach County, Florida
Carl Jung

Carl Gustav Jung (26 July 1875 - 6 June 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist and writer. He created many theories and ideas that are still used in psychology today. Psychology is the science of how people think and feel. His kind of psychology was called analytical psychology or Jungian Analysis.
Jung worked for about seven years with Sigmund Freud early in his career, but they argued over a theory and from 1913 went their separate ways. This was because they disagreed about what motivated people and how to understand psychology.
Jung is famous for many things that he did for psychology. The work he did was important for measuring what kind of personality people have. The test called the Myers Briggs Type Indicator is based on his ideas. He is also famous because of his ideas about the ancients - people from many years ago.
Jung spent his life learning from observation and read exceptionally widely subjects as different as philosophy, science, anthropology, religion, literature, art and historical books relating to alchemy and the occult. He thought he could learn important things about psychology from them. He investigated them to find out what symbols they contained and how ancient people tried to make sense of the world around them. Alchemy is considered a precursor of modern chemistry.
He wrote in academic German, for doctors, psychologists and many other educated people. Most people who study Jung start with the book Man and His Symbols. It was written by colleagues of Jung so that people would be able understand him. Another useful introduction to his work is his Biography, Memories, Dreams, Reflections, written mostly by his secretary, Mrs Aniela Jaffe, and to which he contributed three or four chapters.
Jung also created important terms called collective unconscious, archetypes, extraversion (outer world) and introversion (internal world).
Jung died a widower in his mid-eighties in Kusnacht, Canton of Zurich Switzerland.
Biography
Carl Gustav Jung was born on 26 July 1875 in Kesswil, in the Swiss canton of Thurgau.
In popular culture
The American rock band Tool was influenced by ideas of Jung for their album AEnima.
The Lighthouse (2019) by American movie director Robert Eggers has many references to Jung.
Works
Jung, C. G. 1953. Psychiatric Studies. The Collected Works of C. G. Jung Vol. 1. 1953, ed. Michael Fordham, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, and Princeton, N.J.: Bollingen. This was the first of 18 volumes plus separate bibliography and index. Not including revisions the set was completed in 1967.
Legacy
Jung's work also inspired modern psychiatrist Bernard D. Beitman on the subject of coincidences, including synchronicity and related topics in the field.
References
1875 births
1961 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Switzerland
Psychiatrists
Psychoanalysts from Europe
Swiss psychologists
Swiss people
Pierre Womé

Pierre Wome (born 26 March 1979) is a Cameroonian football player. He plays for Koln and Cameroon national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1994||Fogape||||30||6
|-
|1995||rowspan="2"|Canon Yaounde||rowspan="2"|MTN Elite one||40||8
|-
|1996||21||5
|-
|1996/97||Vicenza||Serie A||3||0
|-
|1997/98||Lucchese-Libertas||Serie B||24||2
|-
|1998/99||Roma||Serie A||8||0
|-
|1999/00||rowspan="3"|Bologna||rowspan="3"|Serie A||14||1
|-
|2000/01||19||1
|-
|2001/02||13||1
|-
|2002/03||Fulham||Premier League||14||1
|-
|2003/04||Espanyol Barcelona||La Liga||26||0
|-
|2004/05||Brescia||Serie A||16||3
|-
|2005/06||Internazionale Milano||Serie A||13||0
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="2"|Werder Bremen||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||28||2
|-
|2007/08||0||0
|-
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Koln||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||18||0
|-
|2009/10||||
81||19
110||8
14||1
26||0
46||2
277||30
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1995||||
|-
|1996||||
|-
|1997||7||0
|-
|1998||11||1
|-
|1999||0||0
|-
|2000||7||0
|-
|2001||5||0
|-
|2002||12||0
|-
|2003||3||0
|-
|2004||3||0
|-
|2005||4||0
|-
|2006||0||0
|-
|2007||0||0
|-
|2008||0||0
|-
|2009||2||0
|-
!Total||||
|}
References
1979 births
Living people
Cameroonian footballers
Johnstone Strait

Johnstone Strait () is a strait next to the northeast coast of Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada.
Name origin
The Strait was named after James Johnstone by George Vancouver. Johnstone was the master of the armed tender Chatham. In 1792, he proved that Vancouver Island is an island.
Geography
Ships going from the Strait of Georgia that are leaving to the north of Vancouver Island through the Queen Charlotte Strait like to go through here. They are often going to Prince Rupert, Haida Gwaii, Alaska, or the North Pacific Ocean. Ships going down from those areas to the ports of Vancouver, Seattle, and Tacoma also like to go through this strait.
There are no cities or towns along the strait. Telegraph Cove and Robson Bight on Vancouver Island are near the north end of the strait. The village of Sayward at Kelsey Bay is near the middle.
References
Straits
Geography of British Columbia
S/2011 J 3

S/2011 J 3 is a small natural satellite of Jupiter discovered by Scott S. Sheppard on 27 September 2011, using 6he 6.5-meter Magellan-Baade Tekescope at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile. It was announced by the Minor Planet Center 11 Years later on 20 December 2022, after observations were collected over a long enough time span to confirm the satellite' orbit.
S2011 J 3 is part of the Himalia group, a tight cluster of prograde irregular moons of Jupiter that follow similar orbits to Himalia at semi-major axes between 11-12 million km 6.8-7.5 million mi and inclinations between 26-31 .
With an estimated diameter of 3 km 1.9 mi for an absolute magnitude of 16.3, it is among the smallest known members of the Himalia group
Satellites
Eugenio Martínez

Eugenio Rolando Martinez (alias Musculito, July 8, 1922 - January 30, 2021) was an American real estate agent who was a member of the anti-Castro movement in the early 1960s, and later was one of the five men recruited by G. Gordon Liddy and E. Howard Hunt in 1972 for the Memorial Day weekend Watergate burglary at the Democratic National Committee (DNC) headquarters in Washington, D.C. After completing his prison term, Martinez was pardoned by President Ronald Reagan in 1983.
Martinez died on January 30, 2021 in Minneola, Florida at the age of 98.
References
Other websites
watergate.info
Spartacus Biography - Eugenio Martinez
1922 births
2021 deaths
American criminals
Businesspeople from Miami
Electoral district of Elder

Elder is an electoral district of South Australia. It was created in 1993.
Elder is in Adelaide.
Election results
References
Elder
Garden City, Michigan

Garden City is a city in Wayne County, Michigan, United States.
Cities in Michigan
Esau

Esau is the eldest son of Isaac and Rebekah in the Book of Genesis. Jacob is his twin brother. (Chapter 25). He is a 'cunning hunter, a man of the field' (25:27) Esau gives his birthright as eldest to Jacob for a meal of lentil stew. He is then tricked out of his father's blessing by Rebekah and Jacob, with Jacob instead receiving the blessing.
He has several wives, Judith the daughter of Beeri the Hittite, and Bashemath daughter of Elon. He later marries Mahalath the daughter of Ishmael, his cousin, to please his parents.
Other websites
Entry for Jacob and Esau at Chabad
Old Testament people
Record producer

A record producer (or music producer) is a person who takes charge of a recording session, in the same kind of way that a movie director is in charge of filming movies. Record producers help musicians and recording artists to make singles and albums. The producer controls the recording sessions, coaches and guides the musicians and supervises the recording, mixing and mastering processes to make the music finalized.
In a professional context, there are two types of music producers:
In-House - the more common type of the two are in-house producers. They come included in a studio rental fee and they get credited in a song's copyrights. It's mainly for their involvement in the entire process. Studios might use producers as a way to get more people to use their services.
Independent Music Producer - the second producer type is an independent producer. They may have gained a desirable reputation in the industry and would be directly hired by a band or artist.
Famous record producers
Brian Eno produced music for U2, David Bowie and Talking Heads.
George Martin produced almost all of the music by The Beatles in the 1960s. He also worked with America, Shirley Bassey, and many other artists. He also made comedy records with Peter Sellers and Peter Ustinov.
Phil Spector was the producer for many "girl groups" in the 1960s, like the Ronettes and The Crystals. He also worked with The Righteous Brothers. Later he produced records for Ike and Tina Turner, and the Beatles' album Let It Be. Spector invented the idea of a "wall of sound", which was a way of producing so that every space in the recording was filled with music.
Timbaland is a man who produced popular rap, pop and R&B music, mostly in the 2000s. He worked with people like Justin Timberlake, Nelly Furtado, Madonna and many more artistes, including the late Aaliyah.
Todd Rundgren is not only a record producer but a singer and songwriter. He produces all of his own work, and other famous albums like Meat Loaf's Bat Out of Hell.
References
Music industry
Sometimes When We Touch

"Sometimes When We Touch" is a 1977 song by Canadian singer Dan Hill and taken from his album Longer Fuse. It went to number 1 in Canada and South Africa, number 3 in Australia, number 4 in New Zealand and number 3 in the United States. It has been covered by Tina Turner, Tammy Wynette and Rod Stewart.
Mark Gray and Tammy Wynette version
References
1977 songs
1970s ballads
Rock ballads
Dan Hill songs
Bonnie Tyler songs
Tammy Wynette songs
Tina Turner songs
Rod Stewart songs
Soft rock songs
Late Heavy Bombardment

The Late Heavy Bombardment (LHB) or lunar cataclysm happened about 4.1 to 3.8 billion years ago. During this time, a large number of impact craters formed on the Moon. By inference, the same thing happened on Earth, Mercury, Venus, and Mars as well.
The evidence for this event comes from the dating of lunar samples. This shows that most impact melt rocks formed at that time. Many hypotheses have been suggested to explain how asteroidal or cometary material got into the inner solar system, but no consensus yet exists.
One popular theory is that the gas giant planets (or at least Jupiter) migrated in orbit at this time: see Grand tack hypothesis. This caused objects in the asteroid belt and/or Kuiper belt to be forced into orbits which reached the terrestrial planets.
Some think that the apparent clustering of impact melt ages near this time is an artifact of sampling.
This topic is part of the formation and evolution of the Solar System.
Related pages
Life timeline
Nature timeline
References
Moon
Earth
Impact craters
Hadean
Impact events
Valley Forge National Historical Park

Valley Forge National Historical Park (est. 1976) is a United States National Historical Park north of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The park covers . It contains historical buildings, recreated cabins, museums, memorials, and recreation facilities. The park welcomes visitors and gives talks about the history of the boom shacks site.
It was at Valley Forge that General George Washington quartered the American Continental Army during the bitterly cold winter of 1777-1778. Many soldiers suffered or died of cold, sickness, and starvation. Valley Forge was not a battlefield. Washington wrote on February 16, 1778, "Naked and starving as they are we cannot enough admire the incomparable patience and fidelity of the soldiery."
Other websites
Valley Forge National Historical Park official site
Valley Forge Pictures website
National Historical Parks of the United States
Pierre-Luc-Charles Cicéri

Pierre-Luc-Charles Ciceri (17 August 178222 August 1868) was a 19th century French set designer. He was born in Saint-Cloud, Hauts-de-Seine, and died in Saint-Cheron, Essonne. Ciceri designed the scenery for the first performance of La belle au bois dormant which opened on 2 March 1825 at the Theatre de l'Academie Royale de Musique in Paris. He also designed the sets for a ballet version of Jocko ou le Singe du Bresil (Jocko or the Monkey of Brazil) by Frederic-Auguste Blache with music by Alexandre Piccinni. The ballet was first performed at the Theatre de la Porte Saint-Martin in Paris on 16 March 1825. He designed the scenery for the first performance of the ballet Giselle in 1841. The ballet opened at the Opera and was especially acclaimed for the setting of its second act. He was awarded a Chevalier of the Legion d'honneur.
References
Other websites
1782 births
1868 deaths
French designers
Set designers
Hemphill County, Texas

Hemphill County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2020, 3,382 people lived there. The county seat is Canadian.
References
Texas counties
Neha Mehta

Neha Mehta is an Indian television actress. She is best known for her role of Anjali Taarak Mehta in India's longest-running sitcom TV serial Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah.
She belongs to Patan, Gujarat, India but was brought up in Vadodara and Ahmedabad. Her family has deep roots in Gujarati literature and she herself is a Gujarati speaker. Her father is a popular writer who inspired her to become an actress. She holds a Master's degree in Performing arts (MPA), in Indian Classical Dance, and a Diploma in Vocal and drama.
References
Gary Waldhorn

Gary Waldhorn (3 July 1943 - 10 January 2022) was an English actor and comedian. He was known for his roles in British television and theatre. He appeared as Richard Beamish in All at No 20, Lionel Bainbridge in Brush Strokes and Councillor David Horton in The Vicar of Dibley.
Waldhorn died on 10 January 2022, at the age of 78.
References
Other websites
1943 births
2022 deaths
English movie actors
English television actors
English voice actors
English stage actors
Actors from London
People from Paddington
Comedians from London
Eugene Scalia

Eugene Scalia (born August 14, 1963) is an American lawyer and politician. He was the 28th United States Secretary of Labor from September 30, 2019 until January 20, 2021. He was a partner in the Washington, D.C. office of the law firm Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher.
He is a son of late U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice Antonin Scalia.
In July 2019, Scalia was nominated by President Donald Trump to become the next United States Secretary of Labor. He was confirmed on September 26, 2019 with a 53-44 vote.
References
Other websites
Official law firm biography
1963 births
Living people
United States Secretaries of Labor
Lawyers from Washington, D.C.
Politicians from Columbus, Ohio
Politicians from Washington, D.C.
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Lawyers from Ohio
Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson

Hafthor Julius Bjornsson (; born 26 November 1988) is an Icelandic professional strongman and actor. In 2018, he became the first person to have won the Arnold Strongman Classic, Europe's Strongest Man and World's Strongest Man. He also played Gregor "The Mountain" Clegane in the HBO series Game of Thrones for five seasons.
Hafthor was born in Reykjavik. In March 2017, he was diagnosed with Bell's palsy. He is married to Canadian Kelsey Henson. The couple have one child.
References
Other websites
1988 births
Living people
Icelandic movie actors
People from Reykjavik
Television actors
Strength athletes
Twitch (service) streamers
Icelandic sportspeople
Comrade Abram

Comrade Abram () is a 1919 Russian silent movie directed by Aleksandr Razumny. It stars Pyotr Baksheyev, Dimitri Buchowetzki, and Vera Orlova.
References
Other websites
Russian silent movies
1919 movies
Hippolytushoef

Hippolytushoef () is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It belongs to the municipality of Hollands Kroon, and has a population of 4,400.
Settlements in North Holland
Hollands Kroon
Wood, South Dakota

Wood is a town in Mellette County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 62 at the 2010 census.
References
Towns in South Dakota
Great Society

The Great Society was a set of programs proposed or enacted in the United States by President Lyndon B. Johnson. Two main goals of the Great Society were to end poverty and to end racial discrimination. New major spending programs that dealt with education, medical care, urban problems, and transportation were started during this period. The Great Society was like the New Deal domestic plan of Franklin D. Roosevelt, but had very different programs.
Unlike the New Deal, the Great Society focused more on people rather than the economy. Medicaid and Medicare were implemented to help poor Americans. President Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society was the largest expansion of spending programs since the Great Depression. Many of the programs that exist can be attributed to the passage of the Great Society.
1960s in the United States
Linden, Switzerland

Linden is a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Bern
Norodom Chakravuth

Prince Norodom Chakravuth is a member of the Royal House of Cambodia He became the leader of the royalist party of Cambodia, the FUNCINPEC, on February 9, 2022.
References
1970 births
Living people
Cambodian politicians
Cambodian royalty
Aveluy

Aveluy is a commune. It is in the region Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in the north of France.
Communes in Somme
Jacobin pigeon

The Jacobin pigeon is a breed of fancy pigeon that originated in Asia. It is in the Asian feather and voice pigeon show group. This breed is known for its feathered hood over its head. The breed name comes from the feather arrangements on their heads (known as a muff or cowl) that look similar to the hoods that Jacobin monks wore. It is considered as the "National Pigeon of India" respectively.
References
National symbols of India
Doves
Columbiformes
Birds of India
Do You Love Me (movie)

Do You Love Me is a 1946 American musical movie directed by Gregory Ratoff and starring Maureen O'Hara, Dick Haymes, Harry James, Reginald Gardiner, Richard Gaines. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Other websites
1946 musical movies
American musical movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Gregory Ratoff
It's Now or Never (song)

"It's Now or Never" is a 1960 song by Elvis Presley. It was one of the best-selling singles of all-time and topped the single charts worldwide except in Germany where it made number 2. It was covered by John Schneider and is the title track to his debut studio album. It went to number 49 in New Zealand and number 14 in the United States.
References
1960 songs
1960s ballads
Pop ballads
Elvis Presley songs
John Schneider songs
Paul McCartney songs
List of communes of Luxembourg

This is a list of the 102 communes of Luxembourg, a basic administrative division of Luxembourg.
List of municipalities
The number, location, and size of municipalities has changed greatly over time.
Other websites
Geodata for the Communes of Luxembourg, extracted from OpenStreetMap
References
Luxembourg
communes
Abbenans

Abbenans is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
LaGrange County, Indiana

LaGrange County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2010, 37,128 people lived there. The county seat is LaGrange.
References
1830s establishments in Indiana
1832 establishments in the United States
Indiana counties
Federal Dam, Minnesota

Federal Dam is a city in Cass County, Minnesota, United States.
Cities in Minnesota
Glatzer Neisse

The Glatzer Neisse (Polish Nysa Klodzka) is a river that flows into the Oder river from the left.
It is 150 km long, and flows through the cities of the central forest (Miedzylesie): Habelschwerdt (Bystrzyca Klodzka) and Glatz (Klodzko). It then runs eastward. Other cities on the river are Patschkau (Paczkow), Ottmachau (Otmuchow), Lausitzer Neisse (Lewin Brzeski) and Schurgast (Skorogoszcz). Finally, it flows at the village of Riebnig (Rybna) southeast from Brieg (Brzeg) into the Oder.
Floods
The Glatzer Neisse has often left its banks and flooded nearby cities, at times destroying them completely. City chronicles from Klodzko mention floods in the following years:
14th century: 1310
15th century: 1441, 1464, 1474
16th century: 1500, 1522, 1524, 1560, 1566, 1570, 1587, 1589, 1591, 1598,
17th century: 1602, 1603, 1605, 1610, 1611, 1612, 1625, 1646, 1652, 1655, 1689, 1693, 1696
18th century: 1702, 1703, 1713, 1724, 1735, 1736, 1740, 1755, 1763, 1767, 1775, 1785, 1787, 1789, 1799
19th century: 1804, 1806, 1827, 1828, 1829, 1831, 1850, 1854, 1879, 1881, 1883, 1891, 1897
20th century: 1900, 1903, 1907, 1938, 1952, 1997, 1998
Rivers of Poland
Peugeot P4

The Peugeot P4 is a car made by Peugeot. It is a 4WD vehicle used mainly by militaries. It was based on the Mercedes-Benz G-Class. It is used by the French Army. Some versions are used by French Gendarmerie, French Navy, and French Air Force troops. The P4 was first built for use in 1981.
Peugeot automobiles
Military of France
Lipscomb, Texas

Lipscomb ( ) is a town in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Lipscomb County. The population was 44 at the 2000 census.
References
Towns in Texas
County seats in Texas
Queen Jane Approximately

"Queen Jane Approximately" is a 1966 song by Bob Dylan. It was taken from his sixth studio album Highway 61 Revisited. It was released as a single along with One of Us Must Know (Sooner of Later). It has been covered by The Grateful Dead and The Four Seasons.
References
1966 songs
Bob Dylan songs
The Four Seasons (band) songs
The Grateful Dead songs
Folk rock songs
Garage rock songs
Zoran Madžirov

Zoran Madzirov (14 January 1968 - 9 May 2017) was a Macedonian percussionist, composer and the inventor of the Bottlephone.
Zoran performed with and was honored by stars such as Sting, Tito Puente, Tina Turner, Harry Belafonte, Scorpions, Tommy Emmanuel and others. He founded the group Les Barons Karamazoff in 1987 with Edin Karamazov (guitar, lute) and Sasa Dejanovic.
Madzirov died on 9 May 2017 from a traffic accident at the age of 49.
References
Other websites
1968 births
2017 deaths
21st-century composers
Inventors
Drummers
North Macedonian musicians
Inglourious Basterds

Inglourious Basterds is a 2009 German-American war film directed by Quentin Tarantino. It takes place in Nazi-occupied France during World War II. The movie was rated 4 out of 4 stars by movie reporter Roger Ebert. The film is rated R for Profanity and brutal Violence .
Release dates
References
Other websites
2009 movies
2000s war movies
American war movies
German movies
Movies directed by Quentin Tarantino
Movies set in France
Movies set in Paris
Movies set in Germany
Movies set in the 1940s
Multilingual movies
World War II movies
Movies about Adolf Hitler
Movies about antisemitism
Universal Pictures movies
Arundhati Reddy

Arundhati Reddy is an Indian cricket player. She was born on 4 October 1997. In August 2018, she joined in the Indian Women's team for a series against Sri Lanka. On 19 September 2018, she played her first T20 International cricket (WT20I) against Sri Lanka.
In October 2018, she joined the Indian team for the 2018 ICC Women's World T20 tournament in the West Indies. In January 2020, she was selected in Indian team for the 2020 ICC Women's T20 World Cup in Australia.
In May 2021, she was a member of Indian women's cricket team for a single match against the England women's cricket team.
References
Other websites
1997 births
Indian cricketers
Living people
Hamidullah Karimi

Hamidullah Karimi, sometimes called "Hamidullah Nesar Ahmad", is an Afghan football player.
Career
The Hamidullah Karimi usually is in the Real Madrid, and always in Barcelona. When Balal Arezou is with Real Madrid, he played in Real Madrid.
When inspiring Atletico Madrid and Juventus
The Hamidullah Karimi never with the Mustafa Azadzoy and Zohib Islam Amiri (Haroon Fakhruddin) in Juventus. While Ahmad Arash Hatifi go to Atletico Madrid,he never comes up.
When go to Gremio
He taught in the Gremio FC when Ahmad Arash Hatifi going to Gremio. The pack is available if Ahmad Arash Hatifi going to Barcelona with Balal Arezou and Hamidullah Karimi
Related pages
Balal Arezou
Zohib Islam Amiri
Ahmad Arash Hatifi
Mustafa Azadzoy
Afghan sportspeople
Association football forwards
Living people
South African Military Health Service

The South African Military Health Service (SAMHS) is the branch of the South African National Defence Force responsible for medical facilities and the training and deployment of all medical personnel within the military. This is unusual, because most national militaries have their medical structures integrated into their existing service branches. The SAHMS plays a large part to control HIV/AIDS in the SANDF.
The SAHMS was called the South African Medical Service (SAMS) before 1998.
Military of South Africa
1979 establishments
20th-century establishments in South Africa
Yuriy Pimenov

Yuriy Igorevich Pimenov (; 29 March 1958 - 19 April 2019) was a Soviet and Russian rower. He mostly competed in the coxless pairs, rowing with his twin brother Nikolay. The brothers won a silver medal at the 1980 Summer Olympics. The Pimenovs also won three gold, three silver and one bronze medal at the World Rowing Championships between 1981 and 1990. They finished in 6th at the 1988 Olympics and 15th place at the 1988 Olympics. Because of the Soviet Union's boycott of the 1984 Olympics, the brothers went to the Friendship Games instead, where they won gold.
Pimenov was born in Moscow. He died on 19 April 2019, at the age of 61.
References
Other websites
Yuriy Pimenov at Sports-Reference.com
1958 births
2019 deaths
Soviet rowers
Soviet Olympic silver medalists
Sportspeople from Moscow
Twin people
Lino Marzoratti

Lino Marzoratti (born 12 October 1986) is an Italian football player. He plays for Cagliari.
Club career statistics
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Milan||rowspan="2"|Serie A||1||0
|-
|2005/06||0||0
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="3"|Empoli||rowspan="2"|Serie A||26||1
|-
|2007/08||32||1
|-
|2008/09||Serie B||24||0
|-
|2009/10||Cagliari||Serie A||||
83||2
83||2
|}
References
1986 births
Living people
Italian footballers
Ursula Franklin

Ursula Martius Franklin CC OOnt FRSC (16 September 1921 - 22 July 2016) was a German-Canadian metallurgist, research physicist, author, and educator who taught at the University of Toronto for more than 40 years.
She was the author of The Real World of Technology, which is based on her 1989 Massey Lectures; The Ursula Franklin Reader: Pacifism as a Map, a collection of her papers, interviews, and talks; and Ursula Franklin Speaks: Thoughts and Afterthoughts, containing 22 of her speeches and five interviews between 1986 and 2012.
References
1921 births
2016 deaths
Metallurgists
Canadian scientists
Jetzendorf

Jetzendorf is a municipality in Pfaffenhofen in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Pfaffenhofen (district)
Koyashskoye Salt Lake

Koyashskoye or Koyashs'ke is a salt lake on the coast of the Kerch Peninsula in Crimea Ukraine. It is separated from the Black Sea by a strip of land. It is and deep. The water color varies from pink to the scarlet, depending on the light, because there are microscopic algae living in the water. When the water evaporates, it leaves a deposit of salt on the stones and the shores. The salt becomes crystal, producing crystal stones and the scent of viola.
This lake is considered healing and is appreciated by some local people. It is not widely known to tourists.
Lakes of Europe
Republic of Crimea
Allen Telescope Array

The Allen Telescope Array (ATA) was developed by the SETI Institute and the Radio Astronomy Laboratory (RAL) at the University of California, Berkeley to construct a radio interferometer that is dedicated to radio astronomy observations. At the same time, it is also used for the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
The ATA is at the Hat Creek Radio Observatory, northeast of San Francisco, California. The goal is to have 350 antennas. To start, 42 antennas (ATA-42) were put to work on 11 October 2007. However, a lack of money stopped operations in April 2011. In August 2011, ATA got short-term funding. In 2012 UC Berkeley quit the project.
It is named after Paul Allen, the co-founder of Microsoft. Its old name was the One Hectare Telescope (1hT).
References
Other websites
Official site at seti.org
Radio Astronomy Laboratory's ATA site
The Search Continues with the Allen Telescope Array. Mountain View, CA: SETI Institute. March 25, 2004.
Radio Astronomy Laboratory, Univ of Cal, Berkeley: NSF proposal, June 15, 2005.
Astronomical observatories in California
Telescopes
SETI
2007 establishments in California
2011 disestablishments in the United States
2010s disestablishments in California
2011 establishments in California
2012 disestablishments in the United States
Studio 8H

Studio 8H is a television studio in New York City in the United States. The studio is a part of NBC Studios, where the NBC television network is, at 30 Rockefeller Plaza. It is known for having the live recording of Saturday Night Live, which has been shown from the studio since the show's creation in 1975.
Construction
Studio 8H was built in 1933. It was meant to be used for orchestras and radio variety programs with big studio audiences. When it was built, Studio 8H was the world's biggest radio studio. It was feet big, and it was three stories tall, which could fit a full orchestra. It was used for television in 1950, mostly for the live showing of Kraft Television Theatre.
History
Studio 8H is now best known for showing the NBC sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live, which is recorded live. Two episodes of NBC sitcom 30 Rock, "Live Show" and "Live from Studio 6H" were also recorded live from the studio.
References
Television
Entertainment in New York City
Martin J. Schreiber

Martin James "Marty" Schreiber (born April 8, 1939) is an American politician, publisher, author, and lobbyist. He was the 38th Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin and the 39th Governor of Wisconsin from 1977 to 1979.
References
1939 births
Living people
Governors of Wisconsin
Lieutenant Governors of Wisconsin
State legislators of the United States
Writers from Milwaukee
Politicians from Milwaukee
Businesspeople from Milwaukee
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Barren County, Kentucky

Barren County is a county in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 42,173. Its county seat is Glasgow.
References
1798 establishments in Kentucky
Kentucky counties
China, Texas

China is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Cities in Texas
Sonya Jehan

Sonya Jehan is a French-Pakistani Bollywood actress. Jehan's first movie was Taj Mahal: An Eternal Love Story in 2005. Her original name was Sonya Rizvi. She changed it to Jehan to honor her grandmother, Noor Jehan, who is a legendary singer and Lollywood actress.
References
Punjabi people
Pakistani movie actors
French actors
1980 births
Living people
Ordinary seaman (rank)

Ordinary seaman is a military rank used in naval forces.
United Kingdom
The term Ordinary seaman was used in the Royal Navy in the middle of the 18th century. The term was used to refer to a seaman with between one and two years' experience at sea. They showed enough seamanship to be so rated by their captain. A seaman with less than a year's experience was referred to as a landman. A sailor with more than two years' experience was referred to as an able seaman.
Later, the term was formalized as a rating for the lowest normal grade of seaman. They are not trained in any special task. They are required to work at physically hard tasks of great variety. One needs an Ordinary Seaman Certificate to obtain work. One can become an able seaman as a promotion from this position.
United States
Ordinary seaman was the second-lowest rank of the 19th century United States Navy. It ranked above landsman and below seaman. Promotion from landsman to ordinary seaman required three years of experience or re-enlistment. An ordinary seaman who gained six years of experience and knew the name and use of every line in the ship's rigging, could be promoted to seaman. An ordinary seaman's duties aboard ship included "handling and splicing lines, and working aloft on the lower mast stages and yards."
The rank existed from 1797 to 1917, when it was renamed "seaman second class". Seaman second class was later changed to the modern-day rank of seaman apprentice. The related ranks of ordinary seaman second class and ordinary seaman, engineer's force, existed in 1876-1885 and 1871-1883, respectively.
Other countries
The term ordinary seaman is currently used in the Royal Canadian Navy and Irish Naval Forces (who inherited the military ranking structure from the previous generation of Royal Navy, Army, and Air Force ranks.)
References
N.A.M. Roger. The Wooden World: An Anatomy of the Georgian Navy. W.W. Norton and Company, 1986.
Military ranks
University of the Humanities

The University of the Humanities is a public university in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The Mongolian name is Khumuunlegiin ukhaany ikh surguul'. It has undergraduate and graduate programs. Fields of study include foreign languages, translation, education, journalism, computer science, economics and business.
The school is in downtown Ulaanbaatar at Grand Chinggis Khaan Square. The university is accredited by the Mongolian National Council for Education Accreditation.
References
Other websites
in English
Ulaanbaatar
Colleges and universities in Asia
Organizations based in Mongolia
Stephen Chow

Stephen Chow (born June 22, 1962) is a director and actor from Hong Kong. He first played in the movie Final Justice, of 1988. Internationally, he became well-known with Shaolin Soccer, of 2001. In 2016, he directed the movie Mermaid, a comedy. With this, he earned 2,45 billion Yuan (375,6 million dollars) in only 12 days, which made it the most successful movie ever shown.
Chinese movie actors
Chinese movie directors
War of the Oranges

The War of the Oranges, or the War of the grapefruit was a brief conflict in Alentjo in 1801. French and Spanish troops invaded Portugal.
1801
1800s in Europe
Wars involving France
Wars involving Portugal
Wars involving Spain
1800s in France
19th century in Spain
History of Portugal
19th-century conflicts
Saint-Symphorien-sous-Chomérac

Saint-Symphorien-sous-Chomerac is a commune in the Ardeche departement in southern France.
Communes in Ardeche
Phil Goff

Philip Bruce Goff (born 22 June 1953) is a New Zealand politician. In 2016, he became the 2nd Mayor of Auckland. He was a Member of the New Zealand Parliament from 1981 to 1990 and again from 1993 to 2016.
He was Leader of the Labour Party and Leader of the Opposition between 11 November 2008 and 13 December 2011.
References
1953 births
Living people
New Zealand mayors
Leaders of the Opposition (New Zealand)
Kenneth C. Griffin

Kenneth Cordele "Ken" Griffin (born October 15, 1968) is an American hedge fund manager and businessman. He is the founder, chief executive officer and Co-chief investment officer of Citadel LLC and Citadel Securities. The two businesses provide trading services to asset managers, banks, broker-dealers and hedge fund.
Early life and education
Mr. Griffin was born in 1968 in Daytona Beach, Florida. Griffin attended Harvard University, where he launched his first fund from his dormitory room at the age of 19. Griffin graduated in 1989 with a degree in Economics. After graduating, he moved to Chicago.
Career
Griffin founded Citadel, in 1990. Citadel LLC is an American multinational Hedge fund and financial services company. The company manages the capital of retirement programs, endowment programs and foundations and sovereign wealth funds. Citadel categorizes its areas of operations into distinct segments and groups their subsidiaries into three companies: Citadel the asset manager, Citadel Securities the market maker, and Citadel Technology.
Honors and awards
In 2008, he was inducted into Institutional Investors Alpha's Hedge Fund Manager Hall of fame along with Jim Simons, Alfred Winslow Jones, Bruce Kovner, David Swensen, George Soros, Jack Nash, Julian Roberston, Leon Levy, Louis Bacon, Michael Steinhardt, Paul Tudor Jones, Seth Klarman and Steven A. Cohen.
2008, Golden Plate Award of the Academy of Achievement presented by Awards Council member Richard M. Daley, the Mayor of Chicago
2017, Institutional Investor's Lifetime Achievement Award
2017, Navy SEAL Patriot Award
References
1968 births
Living people
Businesspeople from Florida
Businesspeople from Chicago
People from Daytona Beach, Florida
Tukeit Hill frog

The Tukeit Hill Frog (Allophryne ruthveni) is one of the two described species in the genus Allophryne. The other one is Allophryne resplendens. It is the only member of the subfamily Allophryninae, a clade recently placed under the family Centrolenidae These frogs live in Guyana, Venezuela, Surinam, Brazil and Bolivia. The holotype was discovered at Tukeit Hill, below Kaieteur Falls, Guyana. This is the reason for the common English name.
Description
The Tukeit Hill Frog is a small frog. It can have different colors. They are either black, with stripes and spots which can be golden or dull yellow, or a dull yellow or golden stomach surface, with black strips and spots. It has a flat body, and small flat head. The toe pads are large, wider than the fingers.
Behaviour
The Tukeit Hill Frog spends some time low in the trees, 1-3 metres, and some of the time on the ground. This frog lives in sparse forest, avoiding cleared land.
References
Austin, J. D.; Lougheed, S. C.; Tanner, K; Chek, A. A.; Bogart, J. P. & Boag, P. T. (2002): A molecular perspective on the evolutionary affinities of an enigmatic neotropical frog, Allophryne ruthveni. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 134(3): 335-346. PDF fulltext
Cannatella, David (1996): The Tree of Life Web Project: Allophryne ruthveni . Version of 1 January 1996; retrieved 2007-JAN-06.
Cogger, H. G.; Zweifel, R. G. & Kirschner, D. (2004): Encyclopedia of Reptiles & Amphibians (2nd edition). Fog City Press.
Frost, Darrel R.; Grant, Taran; Faivovich, Julian; Bain, Raoul H.; Haas, Alexander; Haddad, Celio F. B.; De Sa, Rafael O.; Channing, A.; Wilkinson, Mark; Donnellan, Stephen C.; Raxworthy, Christopher J.; Campbell, Jonathan A.; Blotto, Boris L.; Moler, Paul; Drewes, Robert C.; Nussbaum, Ronald A.; Lynch, John D.; Green, David M. & Wheeler, Ward C. (2006): The Amphibian Tree of Life]. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297: 1-370. PDF fulltext
InfoNatura (2005): Allophryne ruthveni Version 4.1, 28 June 2005. Retrieved 2007-JAN-06.
Database entry includes a range map and a brief justification of why this species is of least concern
Frogs of South America
Daisuke Yano

is a Japanese professional athlete. He is best known as a Association football or soccer player.
Club career statistics
|-
|2003||rowspan="2"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2004||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2005||rowspan="2"|Sagan Tosu||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||20||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||22||1
|-
|2006||3||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|Rosso Kumamoto||rowspan="2"|Football League||11||1||3||0||colspan="2"|-||14||1
|-
|2007||33||3||1||0||colspan="2"|-||34||3
|-
|2008||rowspan="3"|Roasso Kumamoto||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||36||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||37||1
|-
|2009||36||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||37||1
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
|-
|2011||||||||||||||||
|-
|2012||||||||||||||||
139||7||8||0||0||0||147||7
139||7||8||0||0||0||147||7
|}
References
1984 births
Living people
Footballers from Kumamoto Prefecture
Karate belts

Karate belts are a measure of a student/teacher ability. For example, a Brown belt is higher than a Blue Belt.
Usual rank
All styles of karate range from white to black. There are some theories about how belts came to be.
The "dying" theory
Some believe when a student graduated a kyu, he/she would dye their current belt the new, desired color. This was often done in Japan during WWII when it was a very poor country.
The "dirty belt" theory
This is a theory that demonstrates how a student would, as they trained, dirty their belt overtime. More of a myth than a theory, a student started with a white belt. As sweat, dirt, and other debris occupied not only the belt, but the karate gi, his/her color appeared to get darker and closer to black.
References
belts
Sports clothing
Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging

The Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging (AWB) is a South African political party for the white Afrikaner people, the Boers. It was formed in 1973 by Eugene Terre'Blanche. He led the party until his death in 2010. It is now led by Steyn van Ronge.
They are a party for the white South Africans who want their own nation. They want to name it Boerestaat. The party is not as extreme as other parties who want to kick out all the black South Africans. The AWB simply wants a state within SA borders.
The AWB also wants to go back to apartheid, or at least some of them want it. And they want to end the killing of white people by black people. The organisation is not violent, but it used to be back in the 1990s.
References
Political parties in South Africa
Nationalist organizations in South Africa
Rebel militia groups in Africa
1973 establishments in Africa
Fascism
20th-century establishments in South Africa
Quitaque, Texas

Quitaque is a city in Briscoe County, Texas, United States.
Cities in Texas
Christy Hemme

Christina Lee "Christy" Hemme (born October 28, 1980) is an American ring announcer, professional wrestling valet, singer, former model and retired professional wrestler. She currently works for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling as an interviewer and ring announcer.
She is also known for her time in World Wrestling Entertainment where she won the 2004 Diva Search. She stayed with them from 2004 to 2005 and was released from her WWE contract on December 5, 2005. She signed with Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) in April 2006.
Championships
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
She was ranked #42 of the best 50 female singles wrestlers in the PWI Female 50 in 2008.
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling
Knockout of the Year (2006)
World Wrestling Entertainment
WWE Diva Search winner (2004)
References
Other websites
TNA profile
1980 births
Living people
American professional wrestlers
American rock singers
Football players from California
Sportspeople from California
Former WWE wrestlers
2019–20 Colombian protests

The 2019-20 Colombian protests are a collection of protests that have occurred since 21 November 2019. Hundreds of thousands of Colombians protested to support the Colombian peace process and against the government of Ivan Duque Marquez.
There were further protests in Colombia in 2021.
References
2019 in South America
2010s riots
2020 in South America
2020s riots
Crime in South America
December 2019 events
February 2020 events
2019-20 protests
January 2020 events
November 2019 events
2020 protests
Kelsey Begaye

Kelsey A. Begaye (January 7, 1951 - August 13, 2021) was an American politician. He was elected the fifth president of the Navajo Nation in November 1998. In 2002, he lost to Joe Shirley Jr. in his bid for reelection.
References
1951 births
Presidents of the Navajo Nation
2021 deaths
Politicians from Arizona
Democratic Party (United States) politicians