pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Helen Fielding

Helen Fielding (born 1958) is a British novelist and screenwriter. She is best known as the creator of the book series about the fictional character Bridget Jones. Bridget Jones's Diary (1996) and Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason (1999) were published in 40 countries and sold more than 15 million copies. The book series spawned a trilogy of movies. Renee Zellweger starred as Jones.
Fielding was born in Morley, West Yorkshire. She was in a relationship with American screenwriter Kevin Curran from 1999 until his death in 2016. The couple had two children.
References
Other websites
1958 births
Living people
English novelists
English screenwriters
People from West Yorkshire
Kernilis

Kernilis () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistere department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Finistere
Chorale

A chorale (pronounce: "Ko-RAHL") is a hymn which is sung in a Lutheran church by all the people. Chorales developed during the late Renaissance and early Baroque period. Most of them were written at that time.
Martin Luther thought that the congregation (people worshipping in church) should have music to sing that was not too difficult. He thought that the words should be in German instead of Latin so that everybody would understand what they were singing about. Luther wrote the words of many chorales himself. He even composed some of melodies himself, such as Ein' feste Burg (A Mighty Fortress). Sometimes he used the traditional Gregorian Chant melodies from the Catholic worship and added new German words to it, for example Christ lag in Todesbanden (Christ lay in Death's Dark Bonds).
The words of a chorale have a rhyming pattern. Most of the melodies have an AAB shape (the melody of the first part sung twice, then the second part). This shape is called "Bar form" in German.
Johann Sebastian Bach used many chorale tunes, usually adding harmony of his own. He used these in his cantatas. Many of these chorales in four-part harmonies are sung as hymns today in German Protestant churches, and some of the tunes are used in English-speaking countries as well.
Chorale tunes also appear in chorale preludes, pieces for the organ. These would usually have been played during the church services before the chorale was sung.
Chorales were used by many later composers in their compositions, e.g. Felix Mendelssohn, Anton Bruckner and Max Reger.
References
"Chorale", in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie. 20 vol. London, Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 1980.
Musical forms
Christian music
Maisoncelles-du-Maine

Maisoncelles-du-Maine is a commune of 400 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Mayenne
Vatican leaks scandal

The Vatican leaks scandal, also known as Vati-Leaks, is a scandal involving leaked Vatican documents, which showed corruption and also found the blackmailing of homosexual clergy by individuals outside the Church.
Over following months, the more documents were leaked showing power struggles inside the Vatican. In early 2012, an anonymous letter made the headlines for its warning of a death threat against Pope Benedict XVI.
The scandal escalated in May 2012 when Nuzzi published a book entitled His Holiness: The Secret Papers of Benedict XVI made of confidential letters and memos between Pope Benedict and his personal secretary.
References
2012 in Europe
History of Vatican City
Scandals
Lysvik

Lysvik is a locality in Sunne Municipality in Varmland County in Sweden. In 2010, 341 people lived there.
References
Settlements in Varmland County
Forth Bridge

Forth Bridge is a name used to refer to:
Bridges
Forth Rail Bridge, in Scotland
Forth Road Bridge, parallel to Forth Rail Bridge
Proposed Forth Road Bridge, a bridge intended to supplement the capacity of the Forth Road Bridge.
Films
The Forth Road Bridge, a 1965 documentary film about the Forth Road Bridge
Slider (sandwich)

A slider is a small sandwich that is made with a bun. They are about 2 inches (5 cm) across. The sandwiches are served as appetizers, snacks or entrees.
The word "slider" was first used by the restaurant chain White Castle for the onion-steamed small burgers they make at their restaurants.
Sandwiches
Crumpet

A crumpet is a kind of flat, small round bread that is raised by yeast. They are about the same size as an English muffin. They are made in crumpet rings that are four inches wide and usually one inch deep. Crumpets are usually baked on a griddle and served toasted. A well-baked crumpet has a brown bottom and a spongey top that has many tiny holes. Crumpets are toasted whole, while English muffins are split and then toasted. After the baking, crumpets are spread with butter or cream and jam.
Definition
The word of crumpet may come from the Middle English word crompid (cake), or curled (cake). Or it may come from the past participle of the Middle English verb crumpen, which means to curl up. It could also have come from crumb, crump, or crooked, all Old English. Crumpet is also used as British slang for a particularly sexually attractive woman. It Australian slang, it is part of the expression: "not worth a crumpet", meaning that somebody or something is useless.
History
The first recipe for crumpets was long ago, referred to frequently as the "crompid cake" by many. The Oxford English Dictionary traced the history back to 1382.
The Oxford Companion to Food also says that the earliest published recipe for crumpets was by Elizabeth Raffald, in 1769. There, the "crompid cake" is mentioned as well with buckwheat griddle cakes so it is believed that there is a connection between crumpets and the buckwheat pancake.
Elizabeth Raffald mentions it in her book of The Experienced English Housekeeper. Her recipe is very similar to the modern crumpet recipe, especially in the baking, buttering, and serving.
References
Breads
Doesburg

Doesburg is a municipality and city in the province of Gelderland, the Netherlands. About 11,000 people were living there in 2021.
Doesburg lies on the east bank of the IJssel river in the region of IJsselvallei. The northern part belongs also to the region of Achterhoek, the southern part also to the region of Liemers. The Oude IJssel river flows into the IJssel river in Doesburg.
It got city rights in 1237 and became a member of the Hanseatic League in 1447.
Doesburg is well-known for its mustard.
References
Plaatsengids.nl
Cities in the Netherlands
Settlements in Gelderland
Municipalities of Gelderland
Achterhoek
IJsselvallei
Liemers
Rhacophorus hoanglienensis

The Hoanglien frog or hoang lien tree frog. It lives in Vietnam. It lives in the mountains in Lao Cai, Thuyen Quang, Ha giang, and Vinh Phuc. Scientists think it could also live in China.
References
Frogs of Asia
Tony Messner

Anthony John Messner (born 24 September 1939) is an Australian politician. He is a member of the Liberal Party. He was a Senator for South Australia from 1975 to 1990. He also served as Minister for Veterans' Affairs (1980-1983) and as Administrator of Norfolk Island (1997-2003).
Messner was born in Melbourne, Victoria. From 1963 to 1983, he was married to Louise Ahrendt. They had two sons. In 1983, he married Robyn Rooke.
References
1939 births
Living people
Administrators of Norfolk Island
Government ministers of Australia
Liberal Party of Australia politicians
Members of the Australian Senate
Order of Australia
Politicians from Melbourne
Politicians from South Australia
Graham Greene (actor)

Graham Greene, CM (born June 22, 1952) is a First Nations Canadian actor. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in Dances with Wolves (1990). In 2000, he won a Grammy Award. He lived in Hamilton, Ontario, as a young adult.
He also starred in Thunderheart (1992), Maverick (1994), Die Hard with a Vengeance (1995), The Green Mile (1999), Skins (2002), Transamerica (2005), Casino Jack (2010), Winter's Tale (2014), The Shack (2017), Wind River (2017) and Shadow Wolves (2019).
References
Other websites
1952 births
Living people
Canadian movie actors
Canadian voice actors
Canadian television actors
Canadian stage actors
Actors from Hamilton
Grammy Award winners
Arthyde, Minnesota

Arthyde is an unincorporated community in Aitkin County, Minnesota.
References
Unincorporated communities in Minnesota
Proof of personhood

Proof of personhood (PoP) is a means of resisting bad attacks on peer to peer networks, particularly, attacks that use many fake identities. Decentralized online platforms are especially easy to be harmed by such attacks because of their architecture.
References
Computer security
Torsby

Torsby is an urban area in the county of Varmland in Sweden. It is the seat of Torsby Municipality.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Varmland County
Freejack

Freejack is a 1992 science fiction and action movie directed by Geoff Murphy. This movie is set in the year 2009. It is about very wealthy people becoming immortal. Rene Russo plays Julie. Mick Jagger plays Victor. Emilio Estevez plays Alex.
The movie got very bad reviews from movie critics.
Other websites
1992 science fiction movies
Movies directed by Geoff Murphy
American science fiction movies
Post-apocalyptic movies
Dystopian movies
Dodo

The dodo (Raphus cucullatus) is an extinct species of flightless bird from Mauritius.
Like many other island birds, they lost the power of flight because it was no advantage where they lived. Dodos were in the same family as the pigeon. They were endemic to (only lived on) the island of Mauritius. They became extinct in the late 17th century.
The Dodo has become a symbol of extinction caused by the arrival of humans in ecosystems where humans had never before lived.
The name 'Dodo'
The history of the word 'Dodo' is not clear. Dutch admiral Wybrand van Warwijck discovered the island and the bird in 1598 during an expedition to Indonesia. He called the bird 'walgvogel', meaning "disgusting bird" because he disliked the taste of the meat. Four years later, the Dutch captain, Willem van Westsanen, used the word 'Dodo' for the first time.
The Encarta Dictionary and the Chambers Dictionary of Etymology say "dodo" is a Portuguese word, coming from doido. It means "fool" or "crazy". Another idea is that 'dodo' was a copy of the bird's own call, a two-note pigeon like sound, "doo-doo".
In 1606 Cornelis de Jonge wrote a description of the Dodo, and of other animal and plants on the island .
Description
The dodo was the largest bird of the Columbiformes, and weighs about . They had grey feathers and yellow feet. Their big hooked bill was a green/yellow color. It had short wings that were only stubs. They ate fruit, seeds and nuts. Portuguese sailors said that they saw the Dodos eating fish. They also ate rocks and stones which might have helped them digest food. They are eaten by humans who come in the search of treasure or spouting.
Extinction
The dodo was not scared of people which made it easy to hunt and kill. Dogs, cats, rats and pigs were left on the island and also killed the dodos. Because dodos built their nests on the ground, the new animals ate their eggs. The forests were chopped down and the dodo lost its habitat. Within 80 years, the dodo was extinct. The last confirmed dodo sighting in Mauritius was 1662, but a 2003 research by David Roberts and Andrew Solow estimated that the dodo lived another few decades unnoticed until around 1690.
The last known stuffed bird was at Oxford University and was thrown out as rubbish. Only a foot and a head are left. The American Museum of Natural History in New York has a skeleton showing. It was put together out of bones from several different Dodos. The Natural History Museum of Mauritius has the only complete skeleton of a dodo, found in a swamp.
References
Other websites
The Dodo Cartoon Blog
Columbiformes
Flightless birds
Extinct birds
National symbols of Mauritius
Stan Parrish

Stanley Paul Parrish (September 20, 1946 - April 3, 2022) was an American football coach and player. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio. He was the head coach at Ball State University from 2009 to 2010. Parrish was the head coach at Wabash College, and Marshall University. He was an offensive coordinator at Ball State and the University of Michigan.
Parrish died on April 3, 2022 at the age of 75.
References
1946 births
2022 deaths
American football coaches
American football players
Sportspeople from Cleveland
Sportspeople from Michigan
Pedro Santana Lopes

Pedro Miguel de Santana Lopes GCC (; born 29 June 1956), a Portuguese lawyer and politician. He was Prime Minister of Portugal from 2004 to 2005.
References
1956 births
Living people
Portuguese mayors
Politicians from Lisbon
Prime Ministers of Portugal
St. Lunatics

The St. Lunatics was a hip hop group. It was formed in 1993 in St. Louis. The group members were hometown buddies and rappers Nelly (born Cornell Haynes Jr.), Ali (born Ali Jones), Murphy Lee (born Tohri Harper), Kyjuan (born Robert Kyjuan Cleveland), and City Spud (born Lavell Webb).
They came out with their local hit "Gimme What U Got" in 1997. Next, they were signed to Universal Records. Then, they appeared on Nelly's solo album Country Grammar. While Nelly was working on Country Grammar, City Spud was arrested in 1999 and was sentenced to 10 years in prison for robbery. The group released their first album Free City in 2001. It included hits such as "Summer In The City" and "Midwest Swing". Then, Ali released his solo album Heavy Starch in 2002 and Murphy Lee released his solo album Murphy's Law in 2003.
References
American rap music groups
Musical groups established in 1993
Musical quintets
1990s American music groups
1993 establishments in the United States
Ingvar Lidholm

Ingvar Natanael Lidholm (24 February 1921 - 17 October 2017) was a Swedish composer. He was born in Jonkoping, Sweden. Lidholm completed a number of new works: the piano pieces Sonatin ("Sonatina"), (10) Miniatyrer ("Ten Miniatures"), and Latta pianostyken ("Easy Piano Pieces"). In 1956, Lidholm left his conducting post in Orebro to assume the head of the Chamber Music Department at Swedish Radio.
Lindholm was awarded the Rolf Schock Prize in 1993.
Lidholm died in Stockholm, Sweden on 17 October 2017 at the age of 96.
References
Other websites
Biography
Swedish music
Record review
1921 births
2017 deaths
Swedish writers
Swedish composers
St. Lawrence University

St. Lawrence University is a private liberal arts college in Canton, St. Lawrence County, New York. It had about 2,400 undergraduate and 100 graduate students in 2017.
References
Colleges and universities in New York (state)
Princess of the Nile

Princess of the Nile is a 1954 American adventure movie. It was directed by Harmon Jones. Actors include Debra Paget, Jeffrey Hunter, Michael Rennie, Dona Drake, Michael Ansara, Edgar Barrier, and Wally Cassell. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Other websites
1954 adventure movies
American adventure movies
Movies directed by Harmon Jones
Totana

Totana is a municipality of 32,008 people (2019). It is found in the province and autonomous community of Murcia in Spain.
Municipalities in the Region of Murcia
Miesville, Minnesota

Miesville is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States.
Cities in Minnesota
Killer Croc

Killer Croc (Waylon Jones) is a fictional character seen in comic books by DC Comics. He is mainly a villain in Batman comics. The character has an apperance similar to a lizard or a crocodile. He is very strong and a good swimmer. Before he became Killer Croc, Waylon Jones was a wrestler.
The character was voiced by Aron Kincaid in Batman: The Animated Series. He was played by Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje in the 2016 movie Suicide Squad.
References
Batman characters
DC Comics characters
Fictional African-American people
Fictional characters introduced in 1983
Kurt von Schleicher

Kurt Ferdinand Friedrich Hermann von Schleicher (7 April 1882 ; Brandenburg an der Havel- 30 June 1934 ; Babelsburg) was chancellor of Germany in the last days of the Weimar Republic, before Adolf Hitler became Chancellor and Fuhrer (dictator). He was also earlier known for being a general during World War I, under Paul von Hindenburg, the President of Germany whilst Schleicher was Chancellor. General Schleicher cooperated with the Nazis in the 1920s. He helped them with weapons and military training.
He was killed as a main target during the Night of the Long Knives by the SS. Hitler justified his actions the next day by announcing that Von Schleicher and Ernst Rohm were plotting to overthrow him. His wife, Elizabeth, was also killed in the attack.
References
1882 births
1934 deaths
Assassinated people
Chancellors of the Weimar Republic
German generals
German military personnel of World War I
German murder victims
Government ministers of the Weimar Republic
Ministers-President of Prussia
Murders by firearm in Germany
Politicians from Brandenburg
Victims of Nazism
Christmas, with Love

Christmas, with Love is a Christmas album and the fourth studio album by British recording artist Leona Lewis. It was released on 29 November 2013, by Syco and RCA Records. It was the last album that Lewis made with Syco and RCA. She left them to sign with Island Records and Def Jam Recordings in 2015.
Track listing
References
2013 albums
Leona Lewis albums
Christmas albums
Gospel albums
R&B albums
RCA Records albums
Legion of Merit

The Legion of Merit (LOM) is a military award of the United States Armed Forces. It is given for great outstanding services and achievements. The decoration is given to members of the eight uniformed services of the United States as well as to military and political figures of foreign governments.
References
Orders, decorations, and medals of the United States
Carolina Mendoza

Carolina Mendoza is a volleyball player from Mexico. Carolina competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics. She was born on 27 May 1946.
References
Other websites
1946 births
Living people
Mexican volleyball players
Mexican Olympians
Newbie

Newbie is a slang term for a new person in a community, group, or video game, and especially on the internet. "Newb" is short for newbie and another slang term that comes from the word "new". Another similar word is 'noob'. A noob usually means a bad player in a game, or someone who does not know the rules of a community yet. Being called a noob is usually not a good thing especially if it is told by an "Epic Gamer".
History
The use of the word "newbie" originated in World War II. It was a word veterans used to describe new recruits.
In recent years, however, the term has been used more often in Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Game (MMORPG)s or other internet based games. It can also mean someone who has a high level in a game, but is not a skilled player. A person new to a game or a younger player can be referred to as a newbie.
Many places, such as internet forums or online communities, use the word "noob" differently than the word "newbie". A newbie is simply someone who is new to the forum or game. But a noob or n00b is someone who has been around long enough to know better, but doesn't. A noob is thought of as having no respect for the rules and does not seem to want to do anything for himself. So noob has become an offensive term on the internet. To behave like a noob can mean getting disrespect and a lack of interest from other players.
Noobs are usually referred to by the 1337 (pronounced "leet") or skilled players, who have marginally higher experience in the game. When a leet soundly defeats a noob, he is said to be "pawning noobs". Recently "noob" is used mainly just as a name to refer to other players in various online games. It's usually a derogatory term, but can be exchanged as a friendly greeting. A noob is sometimes confused with a "choob" (a low skilled person in a game, but having acquired nice things as a result of playing).
References
Internet slang
Statue of Mao Zedong, Fuzhou

The Mao Zedong Statue is a statue in Wuyi Square, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. It is tall. It depicts Mao Zedong holding out his arm. The statue was built by Yang Zhengrong, a painter in Fujian. It took a year and a half to build.
References
Chinese culture
Statues
1971 works
Arriva Southern Counties

Arriva Southern Counties is a bus company. It is a division of Arriva, which operates services in East Sussex, Essex, Kent, Surrey and West Sussex.
It is made up of Arriva Guildford & West Surrey, Arriva Kent & Sussex, Arriva Kent Thameside, Arriva Medway Towns and Arriva Southend.
Divisions
Arriva Guildford & West Surrey
Arriva Guildford & West Surrey operate in parts of West Sussex and Surrey. Buses go to Redhill, Weybridge, Horsham and Camberley.
Arriva Kent Thameside
Arriva Kent Thameside operate in parts of Kent. Buses go to Bluewater shopping centre, Dartford, Orpington, Greenhithe, Gravesend.
Fastrack
Arriva Kent Thameside also operate two Fastrack services, The buses serve Route A from Dartford and to Bluewater Shopping Centre, and Route B from Temple Hill to Gravesend. The buses used are Wright StreetLites. The buses are painted light purple and dark purple.
Arriva Medway Towns
Arriva Medway Towns operate in the Medway Towns and parts of Kent. Buses go to the Medway Towns, Bluewater shopping centre and Gravesend.
Arriva Southend
Arriva Soundend operate in Essex. Buses go to Southend-On-Sea, Rochford and Hadleigh.
Arriva Sapphire
Arriva Southern Counties operates two Sapphire routes in Kent, These buses have luxury seats, free WIFI, charging points (to charge your laptop or phone), display screens to show what stops are next and CCTV screens,
The buses serve route 101 from Gillingham to Maidstone and routes 480 and 490 from Valley Drive to Dartford. The buses used are Alexander Dennis Enviro400 and Wright StreetLite. The buses are painted light blue and dark blue.
References
Other websites
Arriva website
British bus companies
Sadia Iqbal

Sadia Iqbal is a cricketer from Pakistan. Iqbal plays for the Pakistan women's national cricket team. She was born on August 5, 1995.
References
Other websites
1995 births
Living people
Pakistani cricketers
Lady Penrhyn (ship)

The Lady Penrhyn was one of six convict transport ships in the First Fleet. The First Fleet carried the convicts and soldiers to Australia to start a penal colony. The ships left England in May 1787 and arrived in Australia in January 1788. This was the start of European settlement of Australia.
The Lady Penrhyn was a ship of 338 tons under the command of William Cropton Server. The ship had been built on the River Thames in 1786. She was long and wide.The captain, William Server, and biscuit maker, William Curtis were the owners of the ship. They had a contract with the British Government to carry convicts. The owners were paid at a rate of 10 shillings per ton per month. They had to agree to keep the prisoners secure and safe. She transported 101 female convicts to New South Wales. The convict women were kept secure with both handcuffs and chains.
After the First Fleet trip, the Lady Penrhyn was under contract to work for the East India Company. She left Sydney on May 5, 1788 to go to China to pick up a load of tea. The Lady Penryhn got back to England in August 1789.
References
Other websites
A detailed list of the convicts on the Lady Penryhn
A list of all the people known to have been on the Lady Penryhn in 1788
First Fleet
Panpsychism

Panpsychism is the theory that everything in the universe is somewhat sentient or conscious. They are all connected parts of the whole.
Panpsychists believe that all matter in the universe has some degree of consciousness.In other words the substance of the universe is composed entirely of mind or consciousness. This is not to say that rocks have a mind but that the individual atoms and other particles in the rock have some sort of awareness and are aware of each other. Panpsychism is opposed to materialism or any doctrine that argues that the reality of the universe is composed solely of matter. Panpsychism needs no supernatural miracle to explain consciousness, it is consciousness. In other words we are all part of a grand communication scheme which is the glue that holds the universe together.
References
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,
Catholic Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Other websites
Panpsychism.net
Philosophical movements and positions
M1 Abrams

The M1 Abrams is a modern main battle tank used by the United States. It is also exported to several countries. It is a well armed, well protected, and fast tank designed for modern armored ground warfare. Notable features of the M1 Abrams include the use of a powerful engine, layered armor, and a low profile. It is one of the heaviest tanks in service, weighing almost 70 short tons.
The M1 Abrams entered U.S. service in 1980, replacing the M60 Patton. Three main versions of the M1 Abrams have been deployed, the M1, M1A1, and M1A2, incorporating improved armament, protection and electronics. These improvements, as well as periodic upgrades to older tanks have allowed this long-serving vehicle to remain in front-line service. The M1A3 is currently under development. It is the principal (main) main battle tank of the United States Army and Marine Corps, and the armies of Egypt, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Australia, and in 2010 Iraq. The M1 Abrams is anticipated to be in U.S. service until the 2050s.
Notes
References
King of the Killing Zone by Orr Kelly, 1989. W.W. Norton Company.
Rostker, Bernard: Environmental Exposure Report:Depleted Uranium in the Gulf. DoD Publication, 1998. .
United States General Accounting Office:Operation Desert Storm: Early Performance Assessment of Bradley and Abrams. Washington, January 1992.PDF.
Halberstadt, Hans. Desert Storm Ground War. Osceola, WI, Motorbooks International, 1991. 128 pp.
Hunnicutt, R. P. "Patton: A History of the American Main Battle Tank." 1984, Presidio Press; .
Forty, George: Tank Action. From the Great War to the Gulf, Allan Sutton Publishing Ltd., Phoenix Mill 1995.
Zaloga Steven J., & Sarson, Peter: M1 Abrams Main Battle Tank 1982-1992. Osprey Military, New Vanguard. Reed International Books Ltd, 1993.
Army Times - Two soldiers die in attack on Abrams tank, October 29, 2003
DoD News: DoD Identifies Army Casualty - Dec 25, 2005 attack
DoD News: DoD Identifies Army Casualties - June 04, 2006 incident
Other websites
Abrams U.S. Army Fact File
Official Abrams page on General Dynamics Land Systems site
M1A1/M1A2 Abrams Main Battle Tank on Army-Technology.com
M1A1/2 Abrams page on the Armor Site
Main Battle Tank M1A1 Abrams on Enemyforces.com
Anatomy of an M1 Abrams on military.discovery.com
M1 Abrams page, with a detailed overview of how the tank works on howstuffworks.com
M-1 Tank Urban Survivability Kit (TUSK) , M1A1 AIM Upgrade , and M1A2 SEP Upgrade on Defense-Update.com
M1 Abrams Main Battle Tank page on GlobalSecurity.com
AGT1500 Tubine Technology on Honeywell.com
http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/M1-Abrams-Tanks-for-Iraq-05013/
Tanks
Dynamic pressure

In fluid dynamics dynamic pressure depends on density and velocity of the fluid.
It is defined by the following equation (with q standing for dynamic pressure or "velocity pressure"):
where (using SI units):
= dynamic pressure in pascals
= fluid density in kg/m3 (such as the density of air)
= fluid velocity in m/s
Physical meaning
Dynamic pressure is closely related to the kinetic energy of a fluid particle, since both quantities are proportional to the particle's mass (through the density, in the case of dynamic pressure) and square of the velocity. Dynamic pressure is in fact one of the terms of Bernoulli's equation, which is essentially an equation of energy conservation for a fluid in motion.
Related pages
Pressure
Other websites
Definition of dynamic pressure on Eric Weisstein's World of Science
Fluid mechanics
Clocks (song)

"Clocks" is the third song on British alternative rock band Coldplay's second studio album, A Rush of Blood to the Head. The song was released on 10 December 2002.
Awards
On the Billboard charts, "Clocks" was able to peak at #4 on the Adult Top 40, #9 on the Modern Rock Tracks, #21 on the Mainstream Top 40, and #29 on the Hot 100 charts.
In 2004, "Clocks" won a Grammy Award for Record of the Year. It was also nominated in the category of Best Single at the 2003 Q Awards. Pitchfork Media ranked the song #68 on their Top 100 Singles of 2000-04 list and at #155 on their 500 Greatest Songs of the 2000s.
References
Other websites
2002 songs
Coldplay songs
Grammy Award winning songs
List of The Walking Dead episodes

The Walking Dead is an American television series based on the comic book of the same name by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore and Charlie Adlard, and developed for television by Frank Darabont. It premiered on the cable network AMC on October 31, 2010. The series focuses on Rick Grimes, a sheriff's deputy who slips into a coma after being shot. He awakens to find himself in a dangerous new world that has been overrun by "walkers". He joins a group of survivors (including his wife and son) as they try to survive in a world among the undead.
As of October 5, 2018, 115 episodes of The Walking Dead had aired. The series was to enter its ninth season on October 7, 2018. It has been renewed for a tenth season.
Series overview
|+Series overview
Episodes
Season 1 (2010)
Season 2 (2011-12)
Season 3 (2012-13)
Season 4 (2013-14)
Season 5 (2014-15)
References
Lists of television series episodes
Alphonse Poirée

Alphonse Poiree (31 December 1883, Gron - 14 November 1922, Villepinte) was a French aviator, in the First World War, and post-war test pilot. He was awarded the Order of St. George, and Knight of the Legion of Honor .
During World War I, he was attached to the Russian Army. After the war, he was killed testing the Caudron C 74, when a propeller severed the tail.
References
1883 births
1922 deaths
French aviators
French military personnel of World War I
Legion of Honour
People from Bourgogne-Franche-Comte
Yohei Sato

is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1991/92||Sumitomo Metal||JSL Division 1||15||0||||||0||0||colspan="2"|-||15||0
|-
|1992||rowspan="7"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="7"|J. League 1||colspan="2"|-||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|1993||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|1994||5||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|-
|1995||26||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||30||0
|-
|1996||15||0||0||0||10||0||colspan="2"|-||25||0
|-
|1997||28||0||5||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||39||0
|-
|1998||2||0||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|1999||rowspan="5"|Consadole Sapporo||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||35||0||3||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||40||0
|-
|2000||37||0||3||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||42||0
|-
|2001||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||29||0||0||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||31||0
|-
|2002||27||0||1||0||6||0||colspan="2"|-||34||0
|-
|2003||J. League 2||7||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||7||0
|-
|2003||rowspan="6"|Jubilo Iwata||rowspan="6"|J. League 1||0||0||5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|-
|2004||23||0||2||0||5||0||5||0||35||0
|-
|2005||6||0||0||0||1||0||5||0||12||0
|-
|2006||1||0||2||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||4||0
|-
|2007||2||0||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|2008||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
258||0||26||0||36||0||10||0||330||0
258||0||26||0||36||0||10||0||330||0
|}
References
1972 births
Living people
Footballers from Miyagi Prefecture
Howard the Duck

Howard the Duck is a character from Marvel Comics created in 1973. He is a duck from outer space. His story was made into a movie in 1986. Howard the Duck appears in the Marvel Cinematic Universe movies Guardians of the Galaxy (2014), Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (2017), and Avengers: Endgame (2019).
Other websites
Dark Mallard of the Night
Comic books
Marvel Comics superheroes
Marvel Comics adapted into movies
Vladimir Ivanov (athlete)

Vladimir Vasilev Ivanov (, 23 April 1955 - 26 November 2020) was a Bulgarian sprinter. He was born in Sofia. He competed in 400 metres at the 1980 European Indoor Championships. At the 1980 Olympics he finished sixth.
Ivanov died from COVID-19-related problems in Sofia, Bulgaria on 26 November 2020, aged 65.
References
1955 births
2020 deaths
Bulgarian Olympians
Sprinters
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria
Rickenbach, Solothurn

Rickenbach is a municipality in the Olten district in Solothurn canton in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of the canton of Solothurn
Unit vector

A unit vector is any vector that is one unit in length. Unit vectors are often notated the same way as normal vectors, but with a mark called a circumflex over the letter (e.g. is the unit vector of .)
To make a vector into a unit vector, one just needs to divide it by its length: . The resulting unit vector will be in the same direction as the original vector.
Standard basis vectors
Three common unit vectors are , and , referring to the three-dimensional unit vectors for the x-, y- and z-axes, respectively. These vectors are called the standard basis vectors of a 3-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. They are commonly just notated as i, j and k.
They can be written as follows:
For the -th standard basis vector of a vector space, the symbol (or ) may be used. This refers to the vector with 1 in the -th component, and 0 elsewhere.
Related pages
Euclidean vector
References
Linear algebra
Vectors
Six Flags Magic Mountain

Six Flags Magic Mountain is a theme park in Valencia, California, United States. It opened on May 29, 1971. From 1971 to 1979, the theme park was named Magic Mountain and independently owned. In 1979, the park was purchased by Six Flags, and it was renamed to Six Flags Magic Mountain in 1980. It is located beside a water park called Six Flags Hurricane Harbor. It has 19 roller coasters (the most in the world) and 60 other kinds of rides, giving a total of 69 rides in the park. Some of its rides include Revolution, Tatsu, X2, Apocalypse, Full Throttle, Scream!, Superman: Escape from Krypton, Gold Rusher, and Twisted Colossus. There are nine themed areas, including DC Universe (an area inspired by DC Comics) and The Movie District (a movie-inspired area). Starting with Wet 'n Wild Orlando, they had replaced
Rides
The current rides at Six Flags Magic Mountain are provided below:
Current roller coasters
There are currently 19 roller coasters at Six Flags Magic Mountain, the largest number of roller coasters in a park in the world.
Other current rides
Former rides & attractions
References
Other websites
Official website
SFMM: Park Review
Six Flags Magic Mountain Photos
Magic Mountain
1971 establishments in California
Theme parks in California
Ion Heliade Rădulescu

Ion Heliade Radulescu or Ion Heliade (also known as Eliad or Eliade Radulescu January 6, 1802 - April 27, 1872) was a Wallachian-born Romanian academic, Romantic and Classicist poet, essayist, short story writer, newspaper editor and politician.
Related pages
List of Romanian social scientists
Other websites
The Humanities and The Social Sciences in The Academy. Literature, Folklore and the Arts, at the Romanian Academy site
1802 births
1872 deaths
Romanian poets
Romanian journalists
Romanian social scientists
19th-century philosophers
Romanian politicians
Saint-Lys

Saint-Lys is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.
Related pages
Communes of the Haute-Garonne department
References
Communes in Haute-Garonne
Kurdish language

The Kurdish language (Kurdish: Kurdi) is a language spoken by the Kurdish people in an area called Kurdistan, including by Kurdish people in parts of the countries Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey. Kurdish has two main dialects and many subs dialects, the two mains are : Kurmanji and Sorani. It belongs to the same language group as the Iranian languages. Another well-known Iranian language is Persian. It is considered an Indo-European language.
References
Iranian languages
Parsippany-Troy Hills, New Jersey

Parsippany-Troy Hills Township, commonly called simply Parsippany (), is a township in Morris County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 53,238.
References
Townships in New Jersey
Fernand Dupuy

Fernand Dupuy is a French politician. He was born March 2, 1917 in Jumilhac-le-Grand in Dordogne and died June 15, 1999 in Limoges. He was a member of the French Communist Party. He was general councilor of the Seine, mayor of Choisy-le-Roi and deputy for the Seine and then for Val-de-Marne.
In 1948, he moved to Choisy-le-Roi to provide the secretariat for Maurice Thorez, a task he carried out until 1951, and from 1947 to 1964, he was part of the Central Committee of the PCF.
General councilor of the Seine from 1953 to 1967, mayor of Choisy-le-Roi from 1959 to 1979, he sat in the National Assembly as deputy for the Seine, then for Val-de-Marne, from 1962 to 1978.
References
French politicians
1917 births
1999 deaths
Paolo Sassone-Corsi

Paolo Sassone-Corsi (8 June 1956 - 22 July 2020) was an Italian researcher and molecular biologist. He was born in Naples, Italy. Sassone-Corsi's work largely focused on the implementation of molecular approaches for cell signaling, circadian rhythm, epigenetics, and the plasticity of the genome.
Sassone-Corsi died on 23 July 2020 in Irvine, California at the age of 64.
References
1956 births
2020 deaths
Italian biologists
Medical researchers
People from Naples
Heli Lääts

Heli Laats (24 June 1932 - 16 February 2018) was an Estonian singer (mezzo-soprano). Her career began in the mid-1950s. Laats performed estrada, chamber, pop, polka, and jazz music.
During her career, Laats also recorded and performed a number of children's songs. She also released several albums, recorded music for Eesti Raadio, and recorded songs with Mikk Mikiver and Jaak Joala. Some of her best-known songs in Estonia include "Tsirkus," "Oma laulu ei leia ma ules," and "Tanav, pink ja puu."
Laats died at age 85 on 16 February 2018 in Tallinn.
References
1932 births
2018 deaths
Estonian singers
Pop singers
George Peter Alexander Healy

George Peter Alexander Healy (1813-1894) was an American painter. He is mostly known for the portraits he made,
He made portraits of Daniel Webster, Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun, Arnold Henri Guyot, William H. Seward and Louis Philippe. He also made portraits of the US presidents from John Quincy Adams bis Ulysses S. Grant. His works also include The Peacemakers (1868) and Abraham Lincoln (1869).
He died, aged 80, on June 24, 1894 in Chicago.
American painters
1813 births
1894 deaths
Mistelbach, Bavaria

Mistelbach is a municipality in the district of Bayreuth in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Bayreuth (district)
Althorne

Althorne is a village and civil parish in Maldon District, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 1104 people living in Althorne.
References
Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
Fabio Grosso

Fabio Grosso (born 28 November 1977) is an Italian football player. He plays for Juventus and Italy national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1994/95||rowspan="5"|Renato Curi Angolana||||18||2
|-
|1995/96||||28||11
|-
|1996/97||||30||15
|-
|1997/98||||32||19
|-
|1998/99||||17||8
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="3"|Chieti||rowspan="3"|Serie C2||12||4
|-
|1999/00||25||4
|-
|2000/01||31||9
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="3"|Perugia||rowspan="3"|Serie A||24||1
|-
|2002/03||30||4
|-
|2003/04||13||2
|-
|2003/04||rowspan="3"|Citta di Palermo||Serie B||21||1
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Serie A||36||1
|-
|2005/06||33||0
|-
|2006/07||Internazionale Milano||Serie A||23||2
|-
|2007/08||rowspan="2"|Olympique Lyonnais||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||30||1
|-
|2008/09||22||1
|-
|2009/10||Juventus||Serie A||||
373||83
52||2
425||85
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2003||3||0
|-
|2004||0||0
|-
|2005||11||1
|-
|2006||11||1
|-
|2007||3||1
|-
|2008||10||0
|-
|2009||10||1
|-
!Total||48||4
|}
References
1977 births
Living people
Footballers from Rome
Benno Ndulu

Benno Ndulu (23 January 1950 - 22 February 2021) was a Tanzanian banker and an academic professor. He was the governor of the Bank of Tanzania, the country's central bank, from 2008 to 2018. He was nominated by President Jakaya Kikwete.
Ndulu died on 22 February 2021 from COVID-19, aged 71.
References
1950 births
2021 deaths
Tanzanian people
Bankers
African businesspeople
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Tanzania
Tanzanian academics
Akoijam

Akoijam () is a Meitei family. It is native to Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur). People of this family mainly live in Manipur, India.
Other websites
http://www.mychildnames.com/mobile/similar-surname.aspx?surname=Akoijam
http://www.indiachildnames.com/mobile/similarfamilyname.aspx?surname=Akoijam
References
Meitei surnames
Iodine test

The iodine test is a test that is able to detect starch using iodine as a chemical indicator. Example uses include brewing beer, and determining when apples are ripe and can be harvested.
If starch is present, the iodine solution will turn dark blue/purple. If there is no starch, the iodine will stay brown.
Chemistry
Tower Bridge

Tower Bridge is a drawbridge in London. It crosses the River Thames near the Tower of London. It allows ships through the bridge deck when is raised at an angle in the centre.
The north side of the bridge is Tower Hill, and the south side of the bridge comes down into Bermondsey, an area in Southwark. Tower Bridge is far more visible than London Bridge, which people often mistake it for. Many tourists go to London to see the Tower Bridge. It has its own exhibition centre in the horizontal walkway. This gives one of the best vantage points in London.
The "bascules" are the surfaces raised to allow tall ships to pass through: this happens about 900 times per year. The bridge's decks (bascules) can be raised to 83o from the horizontal.
History
The City of London Corporation held a competition for the design in 1876. Over 50 designs were entered, and in 1884 Horace Jones and John Wolfe Barry's design was chosen.
Workers began to build the Tower Bridge in April 1886 and the bridge was opened on 30 June 1894.
In June 2012, the bridge was highlighted on the route of Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee Pageant on the Thames.
Design
The bridge is in length with two towers, each high, built on piers. The central span of between the towers is split into two equal bascules or leaves, which can be raised to an angle of 83o to allow river traffic to pass. The bascules, weighing over 1,100 tons each, are counterbalanced to minimize the force required and allow raising in five minutes. The bascules are raised by huge hydraulic pumps which were first powered by steam engines. In 1976 these were replaced by oil and electricity. The bridge is made from more than 11,000 tons of steel, and covered with Cornish granite and Portland stone.
The two side-spans are suspension bridges, each long, with the suspension rods anchored both at the abutments and through rods contained within the bridge's upper walkways. The pedestrian walkways are above the river at high tide. These walkways allow people to still cross the river, even when the bridge is raised. They were closed in 1910 because not enough people used them, but were reopened in 1982.
Gallery
Tower Bridge,London Getting Opened
Tower Bridge Photo
Related pages
List of crossings of the River Thames
References
Other websites
Tower Bridge Exhibition
Tower Bridge
Buildings and structures completed in the 19th century
Bridges in London
Steel bridges
Transport in the London Borough of Southwark
Transport in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets
Suspension bridges
Buildings and structures in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets
Grade I listed buildings in London
Horned lizard

The Horned lizards (Phrynosoma) are a genus of lizard wlives in dry areas and deserts of North America. The female horned lizard lays her eggs in a hole in the ground.
Diet
The horned lizard eats mostly ants or other crawling insects.
Description
The horned lizard has strong armor to protect it from its enemies. It has pointed scales, as well as horns behind its head.
References
Lizards
Reptiles of North America
Ordered pair

Introduction
In mathematics, an ordered pair is a collection of two objects, where one of the objects is first (the first coordinate or left projection), and the other is second (the second coordinate or right projection). An ordered pair where the first coordinate is and the second coordinate is is usually written (sometimes it is written ). If is different from , then the ordered pair is different from the ordered pair - this is why it is called ordered.
Properties
If and are two ordered pairs, then the characteristic or defining property of ordered pairs is:
.
This means that two ordered pairs are equal if and only if: the first coordinates of the pairs are equal, and also the second coordinates of the pairs are equal.
Definition
There are many mathematical definitions of ordered pair which have this property. The definition given here is the most common one:
.
Kazimierz Kuratowski was the first person to make this definition.
Mathematics
BitTorrent

BitTorrent is a peer-to-peer program, first developed in mid-2001 by Bram Cohen and BitTorrent, Inc., to use for uploading and downloading files under the BitTorrent protocol. In the protocol, a "Tracker" hosts information about any active computers which are trying to share data. Trackers are used to find other active computers, but do not store or share file data. Using the .torrent files, BitTorrent users can "Leech" (download) the files. Once a "Leecher" gets 100% of the file(s), they become a "Seeder" and helps "Seed" (upload) the files to other Leechers.
BitTorrent was the first client written for the protocol. Before version 6.0, BitTorrent was written in Python, and was free software. The source code for versions up to and including 3.4.2 were distributed under the MIT license and versions 4.x and 5.x were released under the BitTorrent Open Source License, a modified version of the Jabber Open Source License. Since version 6.0, BitTorrent is a rebranded version of uTorrent. As a result, its source is closed.
The BitTorrent protocol now has many clients, for example :
Azureus
BitComet
BitLord
BitFlu
BitTornado
Deluge
KTorrent
LimeWire
QTorrent
Rtorrent
Shareaza
Transmission
uTorrent
Related pages
List of BitTorrent clients
References
Other websites
Official Website
File sharing
Software
Baitul Aman Mosque

The Baitul Aman Jame Masjid Complex (, ) is a mosque complex in Barishal, Bangladesh. It is commonly known as Guthia Mosque (). It has a land area of 14 acres. The Baitul Aman Jame Masjid Complex consists of a mosque, a large eidgah, a graveyard, three lakes, a madrasa and an orphanage. It was established on December 16, 2003. Guthia Mosque is also a tourist spot in Bangladesh.
References
Mosques in Bangladesh
Blood Wedding (1977 movie)

Blood Wedding () is a 1977 Moroccan drama movie directed by Souheil Ben-Barka and was based on the play of the same name by Federico Garcia Lorca. It stars Irene Papas, Laurent Terzieff, Djamila, Doghmi Larbi, Souad Jalil, Izza Gennini.
Other websites
1977 drama movies
Moroccan movies
Movies based on plays
Movies directed by Souheil Ben-Barka
Frankfurt Galaxy (ELF)

The Frankfurt Galaxy are an American football team in Frankfurt, Germany, that plays in the European League of Football (ELF).
History
The Frankfurt franchise was announced in November 2020, as part of the inaugural season of the European League of Football.
In March 2021, ELF announced it has reached an agreement with the NFL, to be able to use the team names from the days of NFL Europe. On the same day, it was announced Frankfurt will use the previous name of Frankfurt Galaxy. The logo represents a galaxy in the colors purple and gold. The Galaxy are playing their home games at the PSD Bank Arena.
Season-by-season
Honours
The team's honours:
ELF - Championship game
Winners: 2021
ELF - Southern Division
Champions: 2021
References
Other websites
Official website
American football
Sports clubs in Germany
Frankfurt Galaxy