pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Mikhail Sholokhov

Mikhail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov (; - 21 February 1984) was a Russian writer. He won the 1965 Nobel Prize in Literature.
And Quiet Flows the Don
Sholokhov was accused of plagiarizing And Quiet Flows the Don, which made his international reputation. Sholokhov's detractors claimed that it was written by Fyodor Kryukov, a Cossack and anti-Bolshevik, who died in 1920. In 1987, several thousand pages of notes and drafts of the work were discovered and authenticated, including chapters excluded from the final draft. An analysis of the novel has unambiguously proved Sholokhov's authorship. The writing paper dates back to the 1920s: 605 pages are in Sholokhov's own hand, and 285 are transcribed by his wife Maria and sisters.
Legacy
An asteroid in main-belt is named after him, 2448 Sholokhov.
Related pages
List of Nobel Prize winners by country
List of Russian-language novelists
References
Other websites
1905 births
1984 deaths
Russian novelists
Russian Nobel Prize winners
Russian writers
Soviet writers
Chavagnes-en-Paillers

Chavagnes-en-Paillers is a commune. It is in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France.
Communes in Vendee
Winhall, Vermont

Winhall is a town in Bennington County, Vermont, United States.
Towns in Vermont
Adial, Virginia

Adial is an unincorporated community in Nelson County, Virginia, United States.
References
GNIS reference
Unincorporated communities in Virginia
Bell Labs

Bell Laboratories (or Bell Labs) is part of the French company Alcatel-Lucent which in turn is owned by Nokia. It is a research subsidiary of the company, and is based in Berkeley Heights, New Jersey, United States.
AT&T created Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1925. It works on creating new things. Bell Labs in the 20th century did much scientific research. Work done there has won seven Nobel Prizes.
Other websites
Official site
Research organizations in the United States
1925 establishments in the United States
Cookpad

Cookpad is the largest Internet recipe site in Japan. It was started in 1997 by the Cookpad company. They have a database of over 1.5 million recipes. Members can add their recipe in Cookpad. Other Cookpad users can make comments about recipes they have tried. Recipes are categorized. Users can look for the recipe they want to know. They are also able to look for popular recipes and search by seasonal keywords.
Demographics
Now, 96.5% of cookpad users are women and 75.3 of them are married. Cookpad opened the recipe site in English, Spanish, Indonesian and Arabic. In Japan, premium members are increasing steadily and sales of smartphone advertising is going up steadily. Cookpad recently purchased Shahiya.com in Lebanon for $13.5 million. Shahiya has over 3 million monthly users, 90% of whom are women. Shahiya serves over 1 million users a month in Saudi Arabia alone.
References
Websites
1997 establishments in Japan
Cooking
Fort Canning Hill

Fort Canning Hill is one of the historical landmarks in Singapore. Previously, this hill was known as Government Hill and Bukit Larangan in 1822. This hill is also known by several other names such as Bukit Tuan Bonham, Bukit Bendera, and Singapore Hill. The hill is full of history where Sir Stamford Raffles' bungalow was once built on the hill in 1850s.
References
Rock and Roll (Gary Glitter song)

"Rock and Roll" is a song by English glam rock singer Gary Glitter that was released in 1972 as a single and on the album Glitter. It was co-written by Glitter and Mike Leander. The song is in two parts: Part 1 is a vocal track and Part 2 is a mostly instrumental piece. Both parts were popular in Britain, and the single went to No. 2 on the British charts. In concert, Glitter merged both into one performance.
"Rock and Roll" is Glitter's only top 10 hit in the U.S. It was also in North America that the "Part 2" became popularly associated with sports, as a number of professional teams began to play the song during games.
Due to Glitter's convictions for sex offences, the song's continued use has been controversial.
In the UK, "Rock and Roll" was one of over 25 hit singles for Glitter. In the US, the instrumental version (Part 2) attracted most of the attention; it hit No. 7 on the Billboard Hot 100.
In 2019, "Rock and Roll Part 2" appeared in Todd Phillips' movie Joker as Arthur dances down a staircase. According to the Los Angeles Times, Glitter does not receive payment when the song is used as he has sold the rights, and the US rights to the song are now owned by Universal Music Publishing Group.
References
1972 songs
Irish Republican Brotherhood

The Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) were an organisation formed to help make an independent democratic republic in Ireland. They were known as Fenians. They played an important role in the Irish fight for independence from Britain. This helped stage the 1916 Easter Rising.
Formation
The IRB was started at the same time in Dublin and in New York in 1858. It was started by a number of men who had been connected with the 1848 rebellion in Ireland. They were a very mysterious organization. They believed the only way to get freedom for Ireland was by using force.
Other websites
The Irish Republican Brotherhood, from the BBC History site
Irish Nationalism and Anglo-American Naturalization: The Settlement of the Expatriation Question 1865-1872
History of Ireland
1858 establishments in Europe
Resistance to the British Empire
Irish republicanism
Rebel militia groups
1850s establishments in New York (state)
1858 establishments in the United States
Mineral Springs, Arkansas

Mineral Springs is a city in Arkansas. The population was 1,208 in 2010.
References
Cities in Arkansas
SK Austria Klagenfurt (2007)

SK Austria Klagenfurt is an Austrian football club from the Carinthian capital Klagenfurt. They play in the Austrian Bundesliga.
History
The club was founded on January 9th, 2007 and began to play 2010. A lot of fans see the club as follower of the old Austria Klagenfurt (since 1999 FC Karnten) who was folded in 2009.
In the 2020-21 season Klagenfurt was 3rd in Second League. The Champion Blau Weiss Linz did'nt want to play in the Bundesliga and the 2. FC Liefering (Farmteam of FC Red Bull Salzburg) is not allowed to promote. So Klagenfurt played two relegation matches versus SKN St. Polten the 12th of the Bundesliga. They won 4:0 and 1:0 and were promoted to the Austrian Bundesliga.
In the 2021-22 season the reached the upper play off.
Current squad
Out on loan
Staff
Leagues (in brackets level)
2010- 2015: Regionalliga Mitte (3)
2015/16: Erste Liga (2)
2016-2018:Regionalliga Mitte (2)
2018-2021:Zweite Liga (2)
2021- Bundesliga (1)
Honours
Austrian Regionalliga Central: 2015
References
Austrian football clubs
Klagenfurt
Football clubs of Carinthia
Birmingham Small Arms Company

The Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA) was a British company that started making guns and bicycles in the 19th century. From 1910 the company started making motorcycles. At one time, It was the most popular maker of motorcycles in the world. Over half a million of the company's most popular model, the Bantam, were sold. The company went out of business in the 1970s. It has started again as a gun making company.
1861 establishments in the United Kingdom
Firearm manufacturers
Organisations based in Birmingham
Engineering companies of the United Kingdom
Carlos Julio Pereyra

Carlos Julio Pereyra Pereyra (5 November 1922 - 9 February 2020) was a Uruguayan schoolteacher, author and politician. He was born in Rocha. He was a member of the National Party. He served as a senator from 1966 to 2005. In the 1971 election, he was the running mate of Wilson Ferreira Aldunate. He was an underground leader of his party during the civic-military dictatorship. He ran for president in the 1989 and 1994 elections.
Pereyra died of kidney failure in Montevideo on 9 February 2020. He was 97.
References
1922 births
2020 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Uruguay
Deaths from renal failure
Uruguayan educators
Uruguayan politicians
Uruguayan writers
Sho Ito

Sho Ito (born 24 July 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Yokohama F. Marinos as a striker.
Club career statistics
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="4"|Grenoble||rowspan="2"|Ligue 2||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2007/08||3||0||0||0||0||0||3||0
|-
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||
4||0||0||0||0||0||4||0
4||0||0||0||0||0||4||0
|}
References
1988 births
Living people
Footballers from Aichi Prefecture
Kotohira, Kagawa

is a Japanese town in Kagawa Prefecture on the island of Shikoku.
History
Kotohira grew up around the Kotohira Shrine.
Kanamaru-za in Kotohira is Japan's oldest surviving Kabuki playhouse.
References
Other websites
Kotohira City website ;
Cities in Shikoku
Settlements in Kagawa Prefecture
Apollo 8 Genesis reading

On December 24, 1968, the crew of Apollo 8 read from the Book of Genesis on a television broadcast of their mission as they orbited the moon. Bill Anders, Jim Lovell, and Frank Borman read verses 1 through 10, using the Authorized King James Version text. This was the most watched television broadcast at the time of its broadcast.
Readings
Bill Anders "We are now approaching lunar sunrise, and for all the people back on Earth, the crew of Apollo 8 has a message that we would like to send to you. 'In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep.And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters. And God said, Let there be light: and there was light.And God saw the light, that it was good: and God divided the light from the darkness.'"
Jim Lovell "And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day.And God said, Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters.And God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament: and it was so.And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day."
Frank Borman "'And God said, Let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear: and it was so.And God called the dry land Earth; and the gathering together of the waters called he Seas: and God saw that it was good.'And from the crew of Apollo 8, we close with good night, good luck, a Merry Christmas - and God bless all of you, all of you on the good Earth."
References
Apollo program
School-to-prison pipeline

The School-to-prison pipeline describes all the policies (such as zero-tolerance policies and the practice of posting police officers in schools) that some people believe are funneling schoolchildren into the justice system.
Sociology
Law enforcement
Scholastic Corporation

Scholastic (or Scholastic Inc.) is a global book publishing company known for making educational items for schools, teachers, and parents, and selling and giving them by mail order and via book clubs and book fairs. It also has the all the publishing rights to the Harry Potter book series in the United States.
Notable books
The 39 Clues
The Amazing Days Of Abby Hayes
Allie Finkle's Rules for Girls series
Animorphs
The Adventures of the Bailey School Kids series
Alvin, Simon and Theodore
The Baby-sitters Club
Bananas (magazine)
Bionicle
Bone (colorized editions)
Captain Underpants series
Clifford the Big Red Dog (series)
Dynamite
Dynamath (magazine)
Freak the Mighty
Genny in a Bottle series
Ghostville Elementary series
The Ghost Hunter
Good Night, Sleep Tight
Guardians of Ga'hoole series
Goosebumps
Geronimo Stilton series
Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia
Harry Potter series
History of My Back Yard seriesI-SpyJigsaw Jones MysteriesThe Magic School Bus seriesPLAY! Scholastic (magazine)The Hunger GamesThe Royal Diaries seriesRipley's Believe It or Not! Special Edition (annual)Scholastic News (magazines)Science WorldStar Wars seriesSunfire seriesThe Scholastic Dictionary of SpellingT*WitchesWarriors seriesWishbone seriesWow'' (magazine)
Criticism
Scholastic has been criticized for bad marketing to children. A large number of titles have strong media tie-ins and are considered short in literary and artistic merit by some people. Consumer groups have also said that Scholastic is selling too many toys and video games to children.
References
Other websites
Official website on Tom Snyder Productions, a division of Scholastic
Official website of Soup2Nuts, an animation studio division of Scholastic
Official website of Klutz Press, a division of Scholastic
Official website of TeachersPayTeachers.com
Scholastic Art & Writing Awards
Blog: On Our Minds At Scholastic
Publishing companies of the United States
Companies based in New York City
1920 establishments in the United States
Vital Kamerhe

Vital Kamerhe (born 4 March 1959) is a Congolese politician. He is the leader of the Union for the Congolese Nation (Union pour la Nation Congolaise, UNC), an opposition political party. He was President of the National Assembly of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 2006 to 2009.
After resigning as President of the National Assembly, he went into opposition and founded the UNC. He was a candidate in the 2011 presidential election.
On April 8, 2020, Vital Kamerhe, chief of staff and main political ally of the President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Felix Tshisekedi, was placed in pre-trial detention in the Kinshasa central prison. He was heard during the investigation into the 100-day work.
On June 20, 2020, Vital Kamerhe, was sentenced to "20 years of forced labor" and 10 years of ineligibility and inability to access public office for embezzlement, aggravated corruption and money laundering, the court announced. of high instance of Kinshasa-Gombe. His co-defendant, businessman Samih Jammal, faces the same penalties and an expulsion order after their executions. The court also orders the confiscation of the accounts and properties of family members of Vital Kamerhe.
On July 24, 2020, the appeal trial of Vital Kamerhe, the chief of staff of Felix Tshisekedi, sentenced to 20 years in prison in June 2020, for embezzlement begins. But just opened, the appeal trial was postponed to August 7, 2020 for procedural reasons.
References
1959 births
Living people
Division of Hotham

The Division of Hotham is an Australian Electoral Division in Victoria. It was created in 1969 and is named for Sir Charles Hotham, Governor of Victoria 1854-55. It covers an area of 72 km2 in the south-eastern suburbs of Melbourne. It includes Bentleigh East, Dingley Village, Moorabbin, and parts of Carnegie, Clarinda, Clayton, Clayton South, Cheltenham, Murrumbeena, Noble Park, Oakleigh, Oakleigh South, Springvale and Springvale South.
Members
Don Chipp was Minister in the Holt and Gorton Governments. He became unhappy with the Liberal Party and formed a new party called the Australian Democrats. Simon Crean, was Opposition Leader from 2001 until December 2003 and was in every Labor Cabinet or Shadow Cabinet from June 1991 to March 2013.
Election results
References
Other websites
Division of Hotham - Australian Electoral Commission
Electoral divisions of Australia
Victoria, Australia
1969 establishments in Australia
Celine Dion (album)

Celine Dion is the second English album by Canadian singer Celine Dion.
Track listing
Charts and certifications
Charts
Certifications
Awards
Release history
References
Celine Dion albums
1992 albums
Manuel Noriega

Manuel Antonio Noriega Moreno (11 February 1938 - 29 May 2017) was a Panamanian politician and general.
Noriega went to high school and had a career in the army. He was the de facto ruler of Panama between 12 August 1983 and 20 December 1989. In 1992, a United States court convicted him of drug trafficking, racketeering, and money laundering. Noriega served a prison sentence in the US, which ended in 2007. He was then extradited to France, where he served another sentence.
A conditional release was given to him on September 23, 2011. Noriega was sent to Panama to serve 20 years. He arrived in Panama on December 11, 2011.
Noriega died at a medical center in Panama City on 29 May 2017 from complications of brain surgery at the age of 83.
References
1938 births
2017 deaths
Drug traffickers
Former dictators
Generals
Heads of state
North American military people
North American politicians
Panamanian politicians
People convicted of drug offenses
Prisoners
Extradition
Joe Cocker

Joe Cocker, OBE (20 May 1944 - 21 December 2014) was an English rock/blues singer who came to popularity in the 1960s, and was most known for his gritty voice and his cover versions of popular songs, particularly those of The Beatles. The cover of their song With A Little Help From My Friends, sung by Cocker at the Woodstock Festival, initially made him famous.
Death
On 22 December 2014, Cocker died of lung cancer at his home in Crawford, Colorado at the age of 70.
Discography
Albums
With a Little Help from My Friends (1969)
Joe Cocker! (1969)
Mad Dogs & Englishmen (1970)
Cocker Happy (1971) (Australian compilation release, 1971)
Double Cocker Power (Australian release, 1972)
Joe Cocker: Something to Say (also known as just Joe Cocker) (1972)
I Can Stand a Little Rain (1974)
Jamaica Say You Will (1975)
Stingray (1976)
Greatest Hits (1977)
Luxury You Can Afford (1979)
Sheffield Steel (1982)
The Best of Joe Cocker (1983 - Australia / NZ only)
Civilized Man (1984)
Cocker (1986)
Unchain My Heart (1987)
One Night of Sin (1989)
Joe Cocker Live (1990)
Night Calls (1991)
The Best of Joe Cocker (1992)
Have a Little Faith (1994)
The Long Voyage Home (1995)
Organic (1996)
Across from Midnight (1997)
Greatest Hits (1998)
The Anthology (1999)
No Ordinary World (1999)
Respect Yourself (2002)
Ultimate Collection (2004)
Heart & Soul (2004)
Hymn for My Soul (2007)
''Come Together (album) Across the Universe Motion Picture Soundtrack (2007)
Singles
References
Other websites
The Official Website of Joe Cocker
1944 births
2014 deaths
Cancer deaths in Colorado
Deaths from lung cancer
English rock singers
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Musicians from Sheffield
OS X Mountain Lion

OS X 10.8 "Mountain Lion" is an operating system made by Apple Inc. for its Macintosh line of computers. It is a version of OS X, and carries the release number 10.8. It was released on July 25, 2012. According to Apple, "Mountain Lion" contains over 200 changes and improvements since OS X 10.7 "Lion".
History
"OS X 10.8" was announced February 16, 2012 along with the release of an unfinished (developer preview) version for people who are signed up to its "Developer Portal". The upgrade was released to the public on the Mac App Store on 25 July, 2012 after over 5 months in beta.
Notable New Features
Main features:
Notification Center - a place to see what has happened on your computer since you last checked.
Notes - an app to make notes on, similar to that on the iPad and iPhone.
Messages - send free "iMessages" to other Mac, iPhone and iPad users.
Reminders - make your Mac remind you about something, similar to the iPhone and iPad app.
Game Center - play games and compare scores with other Game Center users on Mac, iPhone and iPad.
AirPlay Mirroring - stream your Mac's screen to an Apple TV.
Power Nap - allows your Mac to download updates while asleep.
Safari 6 - includes a new search/address bar and a new way to see all your open tabs.
Dictation - allows you to dictate words to your Mac so you don't have to type.
Smaller features:
Updated dock - the dock has a more metallic look, rather than the glass look seen previously.
Facebook and Twitter integration - share files directly to Facebook and Twitter, and post/tweet from Notification Center.
Save to iCloud - save Pages, Keynote and Number's documents to iCloud.
Gatekeeper - stops apps from installing unless from the Mac App Store or approved by Apple.
Search Launchpad - search for an app in launchpad.
References
MacOS
Soulatgé

Soulatge is a commune. It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
References
Communes in Aude
Richard Sacher

Richard Sacher (1 September 1947 - 27 February 2014) was a Czech politician and civil servant. He was the Interior Minister for Czechoslovakia for a year. He served from 1989 through 1990. He was also a member of the federal assembly for two years. In 2000, Sacher ran for the senate, but lost the election.
Sacher died on 27 February 2014 in Prague, Czech Republic, aged 71.
References
1947 births
2014 deaths
Politicians from Prague
Martin Jol

Martin Jol (born 16 January 1956) is a Dutch football player turned manager. He has played for Netherlands national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1973/74||rowspan="5"|Den Haag||rowspan="5"|Eredivisie||11||0
|-
|1974/75||30||4
|-
|1975/76||26||1
|-
|1976/77||31||1
|-
|1977/78||34||3
|-
|1978/79||Bayern Munich||Bundesliga||9||0
|-
|1979/80||rowspan="3"|Twente||rowspan="3"|Eredivisie||24||2
|-
|1980/81||31||5
|-
|1981/82||8||1
|-
|1981/82||rowspan="3"|West Bromwich Albion||rowspan="3"|First Division||9||1
|-
|1982/83||39||3
|-
|1983/84||16||0
|-
|1984/85||Coventry City||First Division||15||0
|-
|1984/85||rowspan="5"|Den Haag||rowspan="2"|Eerste Divisie||17||0
|-
|1985/86||33||3
|-
|1986/87||rowspan="2"|Eredivisie||29||0
|-
|1987/88||27||1
|-
|1988/89||Eerste Divisie||29||6
330||27
9||0
79||4
418||31
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1980||2||0
|-
|1981||1||0
|-
!Total||3||0
|}
References
1956 births
Living people
Dutch footballers
Dutch football managers
Sportspeople from The Hague
Eredivisie managers
Hamburger SV managers
Aaron B. Rollins

Aaron B. Rollins (1818 - December 4, 1878) was a politician connected to the Tammany Hall political machine. He served in New York's legislature in 1852. He was later elected coroner for New York City from 1867 to 1870.
Biography
Rollins was born in 1818. He died on December 4, 1878 at the Union-Place Hotel in Manhattan.
References
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Politicians from New York (state)
1818 births
People from New York City
1878 deaths
Mikael Agricola

Mikael Agricola ( ) (c. 1510 - 9 April 1557) was a priest who is often called the "father of written Finnish". In addition, Agricola, Aleksis Kivi and Elias Lonnrot are regarded fathers of a national literature in Finnish.
In his time, Finland was part of Sweden, a Catholic country. He learned the ideas of the Reformation, and thought everyone should be able to read the Bible. To help people in Finland to learn to read, Agricola published a ABC book and a prayer book in Finnish around year 1544. He also translated large sections of the Bible into Finnish.
References
Other websites
Agricola, Mikael (1510 - 1557) Finnish Dictionary of National Biography online.
The Finnish Reformer was a student of Luther - and Finland's educator
1510 births
1557 deaths
Bible translators
Christian theologians
Christian writers
Finnish scientists
Finnish writers
Former Roman Catholics
Lutheran bishops
Protestant Reformers
Roman Catholic bishops
Roman Catholic priests
Sniper scope

A sniper scope or telecopic sight is a kind of telescope that is attached to a rifle. These scopes can help a sniper aim and hit a target far away. Usually, they are made of metal, with glass on each end. They show markings to help aim. A rifle scope works by enlarging target area so you can aim more accurately. Scopes differ from iron sights, which are usually used in crossbows or some machine guns.
The scope hasn't been around forever. In fact, scopes are relatively new inventions, dating back to the late 19th century. A book published in 1844 called the Improved American Rifle documents some of the first rifle markers manufactured in New York. The idea of using a telescope tube came in 10 years later. Willian Malcolm, a New York manufacturer, introduced optics to lenses.
It was during the World War when rifle scopes saw big improvements. With trench warfare came the rise of the snipers.
Back then, 6x magnification was considered a feat. But with today's technology, we could use even 10x magnification scopes with rifles.
References
Firearm components
Sarah (given name)

Sarah [ sair-uh ] is a female given name. It comes from the Hebrew language. It is a Common name. It refers to Sarah, the wife of Abraham in Hebrew Bible. In Hebrew, Sarah means "the woman of high rank". This name is used a lot in the United States, Europe and Canada. In the United States, the name ranked near 30 in 2010. Its alternate spelling Sara ranked near 121. This name was ranked #92 on the US Popular Names in 2021.
People
Sarah Jessica Parker, American actress (born 1965)
Sarah Michelle Gellar, American actress
Sarah Bernhardt, French stage actress (1844-1923)
References
Given names
Abdulla Shahid

Abdulla Shahid (`abdhu shaahidhu; born 26 May 1962) is a Maldivian politician. In 2018, he became the Minister of Foreign Affairs. In 2021, he was elected the 76th President of the United Nations General Assembly. From 2008 until 2014, he was the Speaker of the People's Majlis.
References
1962 births
Living people
Maldivian politicians
Presidents of the United Nations General Assembly
DeSoto, Texas

DeSoto is a city in Dallas County, Texas. As of 2010, it had a population of 49,047 people.
Cities in Dallas County, Texas
Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington

The Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington at Mount Vernon is the presidential library of George Washington, the first president of the United States. It is located in Fairfax, Virginia. It was dedicated in September 2013.
References
Other websites
Official site
Washington
George Washington
Buildings and structures in Virginia
2013 establishments in the United States
21st-century establishments in Virginia
Fairfax, Virginia
Akseli Gallen-Kallela

Akseli Gallen-Kallela (26 April 1865 - 7 March 1931) was an artist from Finland. He started his career with realistic pictures of poor people from the countryside, and continued with romantic paintings of the themes of the Kalevala, the Finnish national epic. His work was considered very important for the Finnish national identity. He pioneered major changes in Finnish art.
In addition to paintings Gallen-Kallela made prints, frescoes and designed textiles and furniture. His house and studio Kalela became a work of total art.
When Finland became independent, Gallen-Kallela designed uniforms and medals for its army.
Gallery
References
1865 births
1931 deaths
Finnish artists
Pratt's tree frog

Pratt's tree frog (Ranoidea pratti) is a tree frog from Indonesia. Scientists have only seen it on the Vogelkop Peninsula in Papua Province.
References
Frogs of Asia
Benidorm (British TV series)

Benidorm is a British sitcom written and created by Derren Litten and produced by Tiger Aspect Productions for ITV that aired for ten series from 1 February 2007 until 2 May 2018. The series features an ensemble cast of holiday makers and staff at the Solana all-inclusive hotel in Benidorm, Spain over the course of a week each year.
Other websites
Benidorm at British TV Comedy
Benidorm at TigerAspect.co.uk
The Solana at Sol Pelicanos Ocas
2007 British television series debuts
2018 British television series endings
2000s British sitcoms
2010s British sitcoms
ITV comedy
ITV television programmes
English-language television programs
Independent Democrat

An Independent Democrat is someone who agrees or loosely agrees with the Democratic Party in the United States on many issues, but prefers not to call himself or herself a Democrat or be in the Party. Former Independent Democrats included Zadok Casey and Strom Thurmond. Harry F. Byrd, Jr., of Virginia would leave the Democratic Party in 1971, and would call himself an "Independent Democrat" from 1971 to 1983. A notable Independent Democrat is U.S. Senator and former Vice Presidential candidate Joseph Lieberman of Connecticut, who was kicked out of the Democratic Party when he formed "Connecticut for Lieberman" to get back in the Senate in 2006. Two incumbent Senators, Bernie Sanders and Angus King, were elected Independents in their respective states of Vermont and Maine but caucus with the Democrats. Independent Democrat is not a political party.
American people by political orientation
Rachel Reeves

Rachel Jane Reeves (born 13 February 1979) is a British politician and economist. She is currently Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer from 2021.
She is a member of the Labour Party. She has been the Member of Parliament for Leeds West since 2010.
Early life and education
Born in Lewisham, London, Reeves studied at Oxford New College and the London School of Economics before working as an economist at the Bank of England, the British Embassy in Washington and HBOS.
Later life
2010s
She was elected in the 2010 general election. Then she served in Ed Miliband's shadow cabinet as Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury from 2011 to 2013. She also worked as Shadow Secretary for Work and Pensions from 2013 to 2015. Reeves did not return to the shadow cabinet following Jeremy Corbyn's election as Leader of the Labour Party in 2015. Instead she served as chair of the Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy Committee from 2017 to 2020.
2020s
After Keir Starmer was elected Leader of the Labour Party in 2020, he appointed Reeves as Shadow Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster and Shadow Chancellor of the Cabinet after Michael Gove. She replaced Anneliese Dodds as shadow chancellor in May 2021.
References
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|-
|-
|-
|-
1979 births
Living people
British economists
Politicians from London
Labour Party (UK) MPs
UK MPs 2010-2015
UK MPs 2015-2017
UK MPs 2017-2019
UK MPs 2019-present
Al-Jami Ul-Kamil

Al-Jamiul Kamil Fee Al-Hadith As-Sahih Al-Shamil or in short Jami ul Kamil (), known in English as The Comprehensive Collection of all Authentic Prophetic Narrations or The Authentic Hadith Encyclopaedia, is a secondary hadith collection book, compiled by the Islamic scholar Imam Ziya-ur-Rahman Azmi (1943 CE - 30 July 2020 CE). In this book, the author claims that he has compiled all Authentic Prophetic Narrations (Sahih Ahadith) from more than two hundred books. Zakir Naik highly praised the book and he stated that he is working on the publication of the english translation of the book. Abubakar Muhammad Zakaria published the first volume of the bengali translation of the book and its Urdu translation under supervision of Sheikh Ibn Bashir and Abdul Rehman Mahdi is in progress too.
Description
Azmi authored this book as the only collection of Hadith's book which compiled all of authentic hadith narrations as per his claim. The book contains Sixteen Thousand Five hundred and forty six (16546) Hadiths in twelve volumes. His work can be summarized as all authentic narrations (Sahih Hadiths) in one book. According to Islamic scholar Muhammad Ishaq Bhatti, "this is such a work that no one has done before."
Publication
Arabic: Al-Jamiul Kamil fee Al-Hadith As-Sahih Al-Shamil (12 Vol Set), first Published by dar-us-salam Publications KSA, compiled by Ziya-ur-Rahman Azmi
References
Sunni hadith collections
Pedro Lemebel

Pedro Segundo Mardones Lemebel (21 November 1952 - 23 January 2015) was an openly gay Chilean essayist, chronicler, and novelist. He was known for writing books about Chilean culture based on the mind of a homosexual. He was nominated for Chile's National Literature Prize in 2014.
Lemebel died of cancer of the larynx on January 23, 2015, aged 62.
References
1952 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from throat cancer
Cancer deaths in Chile
Gay men
LGBT novelists
Writers from Santiago
Jukka Koskilahti

Jukka Koskilahti (born 23 May 1954 in Turku, Finland) is a Finnish former ice hockey player. He also played in Sweden for club teams like HV 71 (1979-1980) and Modo AIK (1980-1982).
References
1954 births
Finnish ice hockey players
Living people
Billings, Montana

Billings is a city in the U.S. State of Montana. Just over 100,000 people live there. It was founded in 1882 as a railroad town. it is the largest city in Montana by population.
Billings Logan International Airport is in the city. It is also home to the Pictograph Cave National Historic Landmark, Lake Elmo State Park and Four Dances Natural Area.
The Yellowstone River flows through the town.
Billings is also the birthplace (and hometown) of the beautiful Miss Teen USA Katie Blair.
References
Cities in Montana
County seats in Montana
1877 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Montana
Lima bean

The lima bean () (Phaseolus lunatus), also known as the butter bean, sieva bean, double Bean or Madagascar bean, is a legume grown for its edible seeds or beans.
References
Beans
Temple Run 2

Temple Run 2 is a video game for Android. It was released in January 17, 2013 by Imangi Studios. It was produced, designed and programmed by Keith Sheperd and Natalia Luckyanova. The art was by Kiril Tchangov. As of June 2014, Temple Run and Temple Run 2, it has been download over 1 billion times.
References
2013 video games
Robert Lebeck

Robert Lebeck (21 March 1929 - 14 June 2014) was an award-winning German photojournalist. Lebeck was born in Berlin. He became well known in 1960 after his report on the independence of the Congo "Afrika im Jahre Null" ("Africa in Year Zero"). This included a photo of an African boy standing next to the steel scabbard of Belgian King Baudouin. That picture remains his "calling card".
Lebeck died in Berlin, Germany, aged 85.
References
Other websites
1929 births
2014 deaths
German photojournalists
Writers from Berlin
Harry Kroto

Sir Harold Walter Kroto, FRS (born Harold Walter Krotoschiner, 7 October 1939 - 30 April 2016), known as Harry Kroto, was an English chemist.
Kroto shared the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Robert Curl and Richard Smalley for their discovery of fullerenes. He spent a large part of his career at the University of Sussex, where he was an emeritus professor. Kroto was an early supporter of Asteroid Day.
Kroto died on 30 April 2016 in Lewes, East Sussex from complications of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis at the age of 76.
References
Other websites
Harry Kroto personal website
Florida State University page
University of Sheffield page
1939 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from motor neurone disease
British Nobel Prize winners
English chemists
People from Cambridgeshire
Florida State University faculty
Hello :D
Booba

Elie Yaffa (born December 9, 1976), better known under his stage name Booba () is a French rapper. After a brief stint as a break dancer in the early 1990s, Booba partnered with his friend Ali to form Lunatic. The duo released a critically acclaimed album in 2000 and disbanded in 2003. Booba has since embarked on a successful solo career, selling more than 10 million discs over his career and becoming the most legally downloaded artist in French history. Booba is praised for the quality of his flow and beats but often criticized because of controversial nature of his lyrics. He has also established the rap label Tallac Records, and developed a line of jewellery.
Life and career
Elie Yaffa was born on December 9, 1976, in the outskirts of Paris in Sevres. His father is Senegalese and his mother is French.
With his friend Ali they formed the duo Lunatic in 1994. Unable to secure a record deal from a major label because of their controversial lyrics, they created their own independent record label 45 Scientific in 1999. The following year, Lunatic released its first and only album entitled Mauvais oeil.
In 2002, Booba released his debut solo album Temps mort. He followed this up with four further albums: Pantheon, Ouest Side (the most successful), 0.9 and Lunatic. In late 2012, he released his sixth solo album Futur. In whole, Booba has ten certification discs, six Disques d'Or (Golden album), three Disques de platine (Platinum album) and one Double disque de platine (Double-Platinum album). In 2011, Booba won the competition MyYoutubes, ahead of popular artists like Rihanna, Justin Bieber, Lady Gaga, Eminem, Jay-Z, Sexion D'Assaut, Shakira, Stromae,...
Musical style
Booba was influenced by the American hip-hop stage of the 1980s and at the beginning of the 1990s--Mobb Deep, Wu-Tang Clan, 2Pac, and Biggie Smalls. The dark melodies accompanied with raw texts, typical of the rap from New York, are present on every album of his. He is often criticized for making the apology of easy money and murder. Booba advocates a reduction in the taxes and claims himself in support of individual freedom. Racism is a recurring topic of his songs (see for example "Couleur ebene", "Pitbull", "Ma Couleur"), although he sometimes deliberately advocates communitarian positions.
References
Other websites
1976 births
Gangsta rappers
French singers
Living people
Ernani

Ernani is an Italian opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi, with a libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on Victor Hugo's play Hernani. It was first performed in Venice, on March 9, 1844.
Principal roles
Ernani - tenor
Elvira - soprano
Carlo - baritone
Silva - bass
Sources
The Complete Dictionary of Opera & Operetta, James Anderson, Wings Books, 1993.
1840s operas
Compositions by Giuseppe Verdi
Allen County, Kentucky

Allen County is a county in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 19,956. Its county seat is Scottsville.
References
1810s establishments in Kentucky
1815 establishments in the United States
Kentucky counties
Volkswagen Vento

Volkswagen Vento was a car made by Volkswagen from 1992 through 1998. It is the European version of the Third Generation Volkswagen Jetta.
Engines
Petrol engines
1.6 55 kW (75 hp) and 74 kW (100 hp)
1.8 55 kW (75 hp) and 66 kW (90 hp)
2.0 85 kW (115 hp)
2.8 VR6 128 kW (174 hp)
Diesel engines
1.9 D 47 kW (64 hp)
1.9 SDI 47 kW (64 hp)
1.9 TD 55 kW (75 hp)
1.9 TDI 66 kW (90 hp) and 81 kW (110 hp)
Vento
1990s automobiles
Zavodoukovsk

Zavodoukovsk () is a town in Tyumen Oblast, Russia. It is southeast of Tyumen on the Bolshoy Uk River. In 2010, 25,647 people lived there.
Cities and towns in Tyumen Oblast
Monkeys Eyebrow, Kentucky

Monkeys Eyebrow is an unincorportated rural community of Ballard County in the state of Kentucky in the United States
References
Unincorporated communities in Kentucky
Edward B. Giller

Edward Bonfoy Giller (July 8, 1918 - October 1, 2017) was an American Air Force (USAF) Major General. He was the assistant general manager for military application, United States Atomic Energy Commission, Germantown, Maryland. He was born in Jacksonville, Illinois
Giller was assistant director and then director of the Research Directorate for the Air Force Special Weapons Center at Kirtland Air Force Base in the 1950s and 60s.
Giller died in Bernalillo, New Mexico on October 1, 2017 of pneumonia complicated by Alzheimer's disease at the age of 99.
References
1918 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
People with Alzheimer's disease
Military people from Illinois
Ramón del Valle-Inclán

Ramon Maria del Valle-Inclan y de la Pena (in Vilanova de Arousa, Galicia, Spain, 28 October 1866 - Santiago de Compostela, 5 January 1936) was a Spanish dramatist, novelist and member of the Spanish Generation of 98.
The works of the first period (before 1905-1906) are close to Spanish modernism. The second period (until 1919-1920) is the time of historical novels, dramas about the Spanish "depth" and the Spanish character. The works of the third period include esperpento ("horror stories") for the puppet theater, the novel-pamphlet "Tyrant Banderas" (1926), a series of novels about the Spanish history of the second half of the 19th century, -- farce and grotesque rule.
References
1866 births
1963 deaths
Spanish novelists
Alien 3

Alien 3 (stylized as ALIEN3) is an American science fiction-horror movie. It was released on 22 May 1992. It was the debut feature movie of director David Fincher. Alien 3 movie stars Sigourney Weaver, Charles Dance, Charles S. Dutton and Lance Henriksen. It is a sequel to Alien (1979) and Aliens (1986). Alien 3 was by followed by Alien: Resurrection (1997).
Plot
The movie continues the plot of the 1986 movie Aliens. Heading back to Earth a spacecraft has flight difficulties. It crash lands on a planet called Fiorina 161. The crash kills everyone aboard except Lieutenant Ellen Ripley (Sigourney Weaver). Fiorina 161 is a planet where the temperature averages forty degrees below zero. It was a maximum security prison colony. A group of ex-prisoners chose to remain on the planet. They belong to a sect identified as "an apocalyptic millennarian fundamentalist Christian sect." The first thing Ripley has to do is shave her head because of the lice there. She is threatened by being the only female on the planet. While waiting for a rescue ship it is discovered that one of the aliens Ripley and the others were fighting before has found its way to Fiorina 161. A pet dog is the first victim. Then ex-prisoners begin disappearing. They have no weapons to fight the alien monster, only fire. Then Ripley learns she has a little alien inside her. Worse, it's a queen capable of producing thousands of eggs. Ripley thinks it happened while she was asleep in her pod. The creature, called a Xenomorph, refuses to kill Ripley because of the embryo inside her.
Cast
Sigourney Weaver: Ripley
Charles S. Dutton: Dillon
Charles Dance: Clemens
Paul McGann: Golic
Brian Glover: Andrews
Ralph Brown: Aaron
Danny Webb: Morse
Lance Henriksen: Bishop
Chris Fairbank: Murphy
Pete Postlethwaite: David
Danielle Edmond: Newt
Release Dates
Production
The movie had a difficult production, with various screenwriters and directors getting involved in the project. Shooting began without a finished script. The movie was the big-budget debut for the young David Fincher. He was brought into the project after a proposed version with Vincent Ward at the helm was cancelled well into pre-production. Fincher had little time to prepare. The experience of making the movie proved agonizing for him.
References
Other websites
Alien 3 at the Internet Movie Database
1992 science fiction movies
1992 horror movies
1990s science fiction horror movies
American monster movies
20th Century Fox movies
Alien movies
English-language movies
Sequel movies
Tyranni

Tyranni is a suborder of passerine birds. They are also known as the suboscines. There are about 1,000 species in this suborder. Most of them live in South America.
These birds are different to the passeri (songbirds) because they have a different syrinx. This is part of the bird's voice box which makes bird song. Scientists have also done studies on DNA and fossils to show that the tyranni suborder is different to the passeri suborder.
Taxonomy
The tyranni suborder can be split into three infraorders: Acanthisittides, Eurylaimides, and Tyrannide.
The first group, the Acanthisittidae, are also known as the New Zealand "wrens". At the moment, scientists are unsure whether they should belong to the tyranni or not. Some scientists think they are too different and they should be in their own suborder.
The Eurylaimides contains two superfamilies: the Eurylaimoidea and the Pittoidea. The Euryaimoidea contains three families. They are also known as the Old World suboscines. Most of them live in tropical places around the Indian Ocean. One species, the Broad-billed Sapayoa, lives in the Americas. The three families are:
Superfamily: Eurylaimoidea
Eurylaimidae: broadbills
Philepittidae: asities
Sapayoidae: Broad-billed Sapayoa
Superfamily: Pittoidea
Pittidae: pittas
The Tyrannides contain all sub-oscine birds from the Americas, except the Broad-billed Sapayoa:
Furnariidae: ovenbirds and woodcreepers
Thamnophilidae: antbirds
Formicariidae: antpittas and antthrushes
Rhinocryptidae: tapaculos
Conopophagidae: gnateaters and gnatpittas
Tyrannidae: tyrant-flycatchers
Tityridae: tityras and allies
Cotingidae: cotingas
Pipridae: manakins
Footnotes
Quirine Oosterveld

Quirine Oosterveld (born March 5, 1990 in Almere) is a Dutch female volleyball player.
Oosterveld plays for Rote Raben Vilsbiburg and played for Alterno Apeldoorn. She has been a member of the Netherlands women's national volleyball team since 2013.
1990 births
Living people
Dutch volleyball players
People from Almere
Sportswomen
Roaillan

Roaillan is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
References
Communes in Gironde
Egg fruit

The egg fruit tree is approximately 8 meters tall and has oblong fruits that range from 7 to 12 centimeters in length. The fruits can vary in shape. Some have a straight point at the end and can be curved at the tip. When ripe, the egg fruit looks golden-orange and occasionally exhibits rusty brown blotches, which is normal for this plant. The interior is similar to both the color and texture of a hard-boiled egg yolk, hence the name, and contains 1-4 hard black seeds. Ripe egg fruit flows a strong musky smell.
Seasons/availability
Egg fruit is available in fall, into summer in tropical climates.
Terminology
Egg fruit is commonly referred to as canistel and botanically classified as Pouteria campechiana. It is a member of the Sapotaceae Family and a close relative of the more popular tropical fruit, Sapota. Egg fruit is also sometimes referred to as yellow sapote. Egg fruit gets its name from the consistency of its flesh. When ripe, the egg fruit is said to resemble a hard-boiled egg yolk with the flavors of roasted sweet potato.
Nutritional value
Egg fruit is rich in vitamin A, B, and C, and also contains iron and calcium.
Applications
Egg fruit is often eaten raw as a simple snack with a sprinkle of salt and lemon juice. It is also used in sweet baking applications as a pumpkin-like ingredient. The pureed flesh may be added into custards, ice creams, bread, pancakes, smoothies, milkshakes or made into jams and marmalades. The egg fruit is a central ingredient in recipes for vegan cheesecake, eggnog, deviled eggs, and even cheese. Complimentary flavors include allspice, cinnamon, ginger, thyme, turmeric, orange, maple syrup, pecans, walnuts, almond, coconut, and vanilla.
Geography/history
The Egg fruit is native to southern North America and northern Central America, including the countries of Mexico, El Salvador, Belize, and Guatemala. It has since been naturalized throughout the world in tropical and subtropical climates. The trees thrive with moderate precipitation, but can also do well in regions of prolonged dry seasons. This fruit was also known for its smelly seeds.
References
Fruits
Sapotaceae
Walter Reyno

Walter Reyno (13 February 1935 - 3 December 2014) was a Uruguayan actor and theater director. He was known for his roles in 25 Watts, El ojo en la nuca, and in El aura. Reyno was born in Montevideo, Uruguay.
Reyno died from respiratory failure in Montevideo, Uruguay, aged 79.
References
Other websites
1935 births
2014 deaths
Actors from Montevideo
Theater