pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Black power movement

The Black Power movement was a social movement supported by African-Americans who wanted safety and support in African American neighborhoods, Black Power activists founded Black-owned bookstores, food cooperatives, farms, media, printing presses, schools, clinics and ambulance services. The international impact of the movement includes the Black Power Revolution in Trinidad and Tobago.
By the late 1960s, Black Power became violent to fight against American white supremacy. Most of these ideas were inspired by Malcolm X's criticism of Martin Luther King Jr.'s peaceful protest methods.
References
American civil rights
Anius

In Greek mythology, Anius was a king of Delos and priest of Apollo. He was the son of Apollo and Rhoeo.
Anius told the Greeks the Trojan War would not be won until the tenth year.
People in Greek mythology
Narwhal

The narwhal or narwhale (Monodon monoceros) is a rarely seen Arctic whale. This social whale is known as the "unicorn of the sea" because the male has a very long tusk. Very little is known about this whale. Narwhal means "corpse whale" in Old Norse.
Description
Large male narwhals can grow to a length of 15 feet, and weigh up to two tons. A female can give birth once every three years, after a pregnancy of 15 months. At birth, the baby narwhal is about five feet long and weighs about 180 pounds.
All narwhals have two teeth in their upper jaw and a tusk. After the first year of a male narwhal's life, its left tooth grows outward, spirally. There are some narwhals that are double-tusked, but they are not as common. This long, single or double tooth projects from its upper jaw and can grow to be 8.75 feet (2.7 meters) long. Tusks are usually twisted in a counterclockwise direction and are hollow inside. The tusk's function is uncertain, perhaps used as a formidable jousting weapon in courtship and dominance rivalry, in getting food, and/or for channeling and amplifying sonar pulses (which they emit). The tusk is not used in hunting. Long ago, narwhal sightings probably reinforced (or started) the unicorn legends. In fact, when people found the horn of a dead narwhal washed up on shore, they thought that they had found the horn of a unicorn.
Narwhal can dive deep into the sea to around 800 meters, but can also sometimes dive up to 1,500 meters. This makes them one of the deepest diving sea mammals.
Habitat
Narwhals live in the icy waters of the Arctic seas. The Narwhal's thick skin, called blubber, keep them warm in the cold water. They do not go far away from ice. Narwhals live in groups of between 10 and 100. Narwhals are migrating animals who like to move from one place to live in another place for a while. In summer, groups of them move closer to land, where they can sometimes be seen in the estuaries, deep fjords, and bays of Greenland, Northern Canada and as far eastern Russia. In Winter they move back to the icy waters, where they breathe from small holes in the ice.
Narwhals can hunt under ice and like to eat Arctic fish such as the flatfish Greenland halibut, the polar and Arctic cod, shrimp and squid. They suck in their prey when they get close.
Narwhals are both hunted by polar bears and killer whales. The native Inuit people, sometimes called the Eskimos, are still allowed to hunt the Narwhals for their meat and for the tusks. The tusks are sold with or without carving. The annual value received from Narwhal hunts in Hudson Bay is $530,000, of which $370,000 is for meat, $150,000 for tusks, bones and teeth of males, and $10,000 for teeth and bones of females.
References
Other websites
Biology and ecology of narwhals, NOAA
Narwhal FAQ
Narwhal Whales Information and images
Narwhal general information
Narwhal info
Pictures
Paul Nicklen, Canada National Geographic Magazine
On National Geographic
Toothed whales
Ethnic groups in Afghanistan

Afghanistan is a multi-ethnic country. Ethnic groups in Afghanistan include the Pashtun, Tajik, Hazara, Uzbek, Aimaq, Turkmen, Baloch, Pashayi, Nuristani, Gujjar, Arab, Brahui, Qizilbash, Pamiri, Moghol and a few others.
References
Ethnic groups in Afghanistan
Carspach

Carspach is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Communes in Haut-Rhin
Bluebeard

"Bluebeard" () is a fairy tale by Charles Perrault. It first appeared in a handwritten and illustrated manuscript in 1695 titled Contes de ma mere l'oye (). The deluxe volume was intended for Mademoiselle, the 19-year-old niece of Louis XIV. It included four other tales by Perrault. "Bluebeard" was first published anonymously in January 1697 in Paris by Claude Barbin in Histoires ou contes du temps passe (), a collection of eight fairy tales by Perrault. The tale is about a cruel man who murders his wives so that he will inherit their wealth. He puts their corpses in a secret room opened only by a magic key.
Jacque Barchilon believes the tale is original with Perrault because there are no close antecedants. The taboo of the forbidden room is found in eastern literature, and Barchilon writes that the tale has an "Oriental character". He points out that the French associated beards with Turkish fashions, and early illustrations depict Bluebeard wearing a turban-like headdress.
Medieval murderer of children Gilles de Rais may have been the inspiration for the character of Bluebeard. De Rais was a Marshal of France and Joan of Arc's military companion. His victims (mostly young boys) were said to number 140. The Breton king Comorre the Cursed (c.500 AD) is another candidate. Tales similar to "Bluebeard" include "The Fitcher's Bird" by the Brothers Grimm and the English tale "Mr. Fox".
Story
A rich man has a blue beard which frightens young women. He has been married several times but no one knows what has happened to his wives. He woos two young sisters in the neighborhood but neither are inclined to consider marriage. He treats them to a lavish time in his country house. The younger sister decides to marry him. Shortly after the wedding (and before he travels to a far land on business), Bluebeard gives his wife the keys to his house. One key opens a door to a distant room. He forbids her to enter this room. He leaves and his wife opens the door to the forbidden room. Here she finds Bluebeard's former wives, all dead and lying on a floor covered with blood. She drops the key. It is magic and becomes stained with blood that cannot be washed away. Bluebeard returns. He discovers the blood-stained key and knows his wife has disobeyed his order. He tells her she will take her place among the dead. He grants her a few minutes to pray. She calls her sister Anne and asks her to go to the top of the tower to see if her brothers are on the road. After several tense moments, Anne reports seeing the men approaching. Bluebeard raises a cutlass to decapitate his wife. Her brothers burst into the room. They kill Bluebeard. Their sister is safe.
References
Barchilon, Jacques and Henry Pettit. 1960. The Authentic Mother Goose Fairy Tales and Nursery Rhymes. Denver: Alan Swallow.
Betts, Christopher. 2009. The Complete Fairy Tales. Oxford UP. .
Opie, Iona and Peter. 1974. The Classic Fairy Tales. Oxford UP. pp. 103-5.
Fairy tales
Works by Charles Perrault
Perkins County, Nebraska

Perkins County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, 2,858 people lived there. The county seat is Grant. It was founded in 1887.
References
1887 establishments in Nebraska
Nebraska counties
Big Girls Don't Cry (The Four Seasons song)

"Big Girls Don't Cry" is a 1962 song by The Four Seasons. It is the third single from their debut studio album Sherry & 11 Others. It went to number 1 in the United States and New Zealand and number 13 in the United Kingdom.
References
1962 songs
The Four Seasons (band) songs
Doo-wop songs
Scottsbluff, Nebraska

Scottsbluff is a city in Scotts Bluff County, Nebraska.
Cities in Nebraska
Stockton-on-Tees

Stockton-on-Tees is a medium-sized town in the Borough of Stockton-on-Tees in County Durham.
Towns in County Durham
Port cities and towns of the North Sea
Port cities and towns of England
Umberto II of Italy

Umberto II, full name Umberto Nicola Tommaso Giovanni Maria di Savoia (15 September 190418 March 1983), was the last King of Italy. He reigned for 34 days, from 9 May 1946 to 12 June 1946, although he had been de facto head of state since 1944 and was nicknamed the May King ().
Umberto was the only son among the five children of King Victor Emmanuel III and Queen Elena. To repair the monarchy's image after the fall of Benito Mussolini's regime, Victor Emmanuel transferred his powers to Umberto in 1944 while retaining the title of king. As a referendum on the abolition of the monarchy was in preparation, Victor Emmanuel abdicated his throne in favour of Umberto in the hope that his exit might bolster the monarchy. However, the referendum passed, Italy was declared a republic, and Umberto lived out the rest of his life in exile in Cascais, on the Portuguese Riviera.
Titles, styles and honours
Titles and styles
15 September 1904 - 29 September 1904: His Royal Highness Prince Umberto of Savoy
29 September 1904 - 9 May 1946: His Royal Highness The Prince of Piedmont
9 May 1946 - 12 June 1946: His Majesty The King of Italy
12 June 1946 - 18 March 1983: His Majesty King Umberto II of Italy
Umberto was granted the traditional title of Prince of Piedmont at birth. This was formalised by Royal Decree on 29 September 1904.
Ancestry
References
Other reading
Other websites
Genealogy of recent members of the House of Savoy
a portrait of his
Website with Information on Italian Royal news stories
|-
1904 births
1983 deaths
Kings and Queens of Italy
Barrel (weapons)

A barrel is a part of a gun. It is a long metal tube that the bullet or projectile goes through after it is fired. Guns can have many different sizes of barrels. Usually, longer barrels make it easier for the bullet to hit the target more often. Barrels usually have spiral grooves on the inside called rifling. Barrels with grooves spin the projectile around faster as it exits the gun. This makes the projectile more stable in flight and more accurate.
References
Firearm components
Suhr, Aargau

Suhr is a municipality of the district of Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Aargau
Kimberly Guilfoyle

Kimberly Ann Guilfoyle (; born March 9, 1969) is an American attorney and television news personality. She co-hosted The Five on Fox News. She was born in San Francisco.
Guilfoyle was a prosecuting attorney in San Francisco and Los Angeles, California. She was an Assistant District Attorney in San Francisco from 2000 to 2004.
She married California politician Gavin Newsom and was First Lady of San Francisco during Newsom's first two years as mayor of that city. She worked at Fox News from 2006 to 2018.
She later joined America First Policies, a pro-Trump super PAC.
In May 2018, it was confirmed she was dating Donald Trump Jr., son of President Donald Trump.
References
1969 births
Living people
Lawyers from San Francisco
American television news anchors
Television personalities from California
Businesspeople from San Francisco
American political commentators
Fox News people
Sankey Canal

The Sankey Canal in North West England used to be an industrial canal. It was called the Sankey Brook Navigation and later the St Helens Canal. Sankey Canal opened in 1757. It was the first modern canal. Earlier canals were all to make river navigation possible. The Act of Parliament passed in 1757 was to make Sankey Brook navigable. But the brook was too shallow and twisting to be of practical use, so they constructed a completely separate canal alongside the brook. It connected St Helens to the River Mersey at Spike Island in Widnes.
It closed in 1963, but much of it has been restored. Fixed bridges which have replaced the original wooden swing bridges and other blocks separate the sections from one another.
References
Canals in England
Buildings and structures in Cheshire
1757 establishments
18th-century buildings and structures
Ribeirão Preto

Ribeirao Preto is a Brazilian city in the state of Sao Paulo. Its population, in 2005, was 551,312 inhabitants and its area is 652.2 km2. Its name means Black Creek in Portuguese.
Other websites
Cities in Sao Paulo (state)
Plastic film

A plastic film is a thin continuous plastic material. Thicker plastic material is often called a "sheet". Plastic films have a wide variety of uses. These include: packaging, plastic bags, labels, building construction, landscaping, electrical fabrication, photographic film, film stock for movies, video tape, etc.
Materials
Almost all plastics can be formed into a thin film. Some of the primary ones are:
Polyethylene - The most common plastic film is made of one of the types of polyethylene: low-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene, or linear low-density polyethylene.
Polypropylene - Polypropylene can be made a cast film.
Polyester
Nylon
Polyvinyl chloride - film can be with or without a plasticizer
Cellulose acetate - an early bioplastic
Cellophane - made of regenerated cellulose
A variety of bioplastics and biodegradable plastics are available.
Semiembossed film - Semiembossed film can be used as a liner to the calendered rubber to keep the properties of rubber and also to prevent dust and other things from sticking to the rubber while calendering and during storage.
References
Polymers
Synthetic materials
Cedar Creek Township, Allen County, Indiana

Cedar Creek Township is one of twenty townships in Allen County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 12,570.
References
Townships in Indiana
Linked list

In computer science, a linked list is a data structure that is a linear collection of items whose order is not given by their physical placement in memory. Instead, each item links to the next item. The last item links to a terminator used to mark the end of the list.
Types of linked lists
Singly linked list
A singly linked list whose items have two fields: a value and a link to the next item
Doubly linked list
A doubly linked list whose items have three fields: a value, the link forward to the next item, and the link backward to the previous item
Circular linked list
A circular linked list
Linked list algorithms
Reversing a singly linked list
Item reverseList(Item head) {
Item prev = null;
Item curr = head;
while (curr != null) {
Item following = curr.next;
curr.next = prev;
prev = curr;
curr = following;
}
return prev;
}
Data structures
Joseph Edward Kurtz

Joseph Edward Kurtz (born August 18, 1946) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the fourth and current Archbishop of Louisville, Kentucky since 2007. He was the Bishop of Knoxville, Tennessee from 1999 to 2007. Kurtz also was the President of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops between 2013 and 2016.
Kurtz was born in Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania. He was raised in Scranton, Pennsylvania. In July 2019, Kurtz was diagnosed with a form of bladder cancer.
References
Other websites
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Louisville Official Site
1946 births
Living people
American Roman Catholic bishops
People from Scranton, Pennsylvania
People from Knoxville, Tennessee
People from Louisville, Kentucky
Patrick Moore

Sir Patrick Alfred Caldwell-Moore (4 March 1923 - 9 December 2012) was an English astronomer, researcher and television presenter. He is known for his books and his television series The Sky at Night. He became known as a specialist in Moon observation and for creating the Caldwell catalogue.
He died on 9 December 2012.
References
1923 births
2012 deaths
English astronomers
English television presenters
English writers
Athanasius

Athanasius was a Christian bishop and Patriarch of Alexandria in Egypt. Athanasius and another Church leader named Arius disagreed about the theology of Jesus. Emperor Constantine the Great had the leading priests of Christianity go to the First Council of Nicea to debate which of the two was right. They said that it was Arius, so Arius's theology became the Nicene Creed which Athanasius opposed. Athanasius's religious belief is called the Athanasian Creed.
Bishops
Sprague, Connecticut

Sprague is a town in New London County, Connecticut, United States.
Towns in Connecticut
Cudrefin

Cudrefin is a municipality in Switzerland. It is in Vaud canton. On 1 January 2002, Champmartin is a part of the municipality of Cudrefin.
References
Other websites
Official Website of the municipality of Cudrefin
Municipalities of Vaud
Cities in Switzerland
T-Mobile Arena

T-Mobile Arena is a multi-purpose indoor arena on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. Opened on April 6, 2016, the arena was built as a joint venture between MGM Resorts International and the Anschutz Entertainment Group.
The arena is the home venue for the National Hockey League's Vegas Golden Knights, who began play in 2017. Since its opening, T-Mobile Arena has primarily been used for entertainment events such as concerts, and has been booked for mixed martial arts and professional boxing events, and well as other annual sporting events. It was used for the biggest fight in boxing history, as measured by pay-per-view revenue; Floyd Mayweather vs. Conor McGregor.
The arena is accessed by a new development project known as The Park, with retail and dining space between New York-New York and the Park MGM casino hotels.
References
21st century in Nevada
2016 establishments in the United States
Sports buildings in the United States
Buildings and structures in Nevada
Vegas Golden Knights
Potassium arsenite

Potassium arsenite is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is KAsO2. It has potassium and arsenite ions in it.
Properties
It is a solid. It is highly toxic.
Preparation
It is made by reacting arsenic trioxide with potassium hydroxide.
Uses
It was used as a "medicine", but it is carcinogenic and toxic so it is not used anymore. It is banned for use as a pesticide in the United Kingdom.
Related pages
Sodium arsenite
Lead arsenate
Zinc arsenide
Potassium compounds
Arsenic compounds
Shaivism

Shaivism is a form of Hinduism, which sees Shiva as the most important deity. In practice, there are different branches of Shaivism. Shaivism is common in India, Nepal and Sri Lanka. It can also be found in Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia.
Shaivism are routed from southern part of India, mainly from present day Tamil Nadu, The oldest shiva temples in the state are living proof for that..Major Kings ruled Southern India also considered Lord Siva as their God
Hindu denominations
Sulayman Pasha Mosque

The Sulayman Pasha Mosque is a mosque in Cairo, Egypt. It was built in 1528.
1528 establishments
Buildings and structures in Cairo
Mosques
Islamic organizations based in Egypt
Establishments in Egypt
16th-century buildings and structures
Rikako Kobayashi

is a Japanese football player. She plays for the Japan national team. Her brother Seigo Kobayashi is also footballer.
Biography
Kobayashi was born in Kobe on July 21, 1997. After graduating from Tokiwagi Gakuen High School, she joined Nadeshiko League club Nippon TV Beleza (later Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza) in 2016. However she could not play in first 2 seasons due to injury. She debuted in 2018 season.
In 2013, Kobayashi was selected the Japan U-16 national team for 2013 AFC U-16 Championship. She scored 7 goals and became a top scorer. Japan team also won the championship. In 2014, Kobayashi was selected the Japan U-17 national team for 2014 U-17 World Cup. She played at 5 matches and scored 2 goals, and Japan won the championship.
In 2015, Kobayashi was selected the Japan U-19 national team for 2015 AFC U-19 Championship. Japan won the championship and she was selected Best players award. Although Japan qualified for the 2016 U-20 World Cup, she was not selected Japan team for the tournament due to injury.
In February 2019, Kobayashi was selected the Japan national team for SheBelieves Cup. At this tournament, on February 27, she debuted against United States.
Statistics
References
Other websites
Japan Football Association
1997 births
Living people
Footballers from Hyogo Prefecture
Japan women's international footballers
Nadeshiko League players
Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza players
2019 FIFA Women's World Cup players
Saint-Saturnin, Sarthe

Saint-Saturnin is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.
References
Communes in Sarthe
Naha

is the capital city of Okinawa Prefecture in Japan.
Naha is in the southern part of the largest island in the Ryukyu Island archipelago.
History
Once the capital of Ryukyu Kingdom was situated and its palace Shurijo rest. In 1879, Okinawa Prefecture was established; and Naha was made its capital city.
References
Other websites
http://www.city.naha.okinawa.jp/en/livingguide/ ;
Cities in Japan
Settlements in Okinawa Prefecture
West Virginia Public Broadcasting

West Virginia Public Broadcasting (WVPB) is the public television and radio state network. It serves the U.S. state of West Virginia.
Other websites
West Virginia Public Broadcasting Online
West Virginia
Qian Qichen

Qian Qichen (; 5 January 1928 - 9 May 2017) was a Chinese diplomat and politician. He served as China's foreign minister from 12 April 1988 to 18 March 1998. He was Vice Premier of the State Council from 1993 until he retired in 2003.
Qian died on May 9, 2017 in Beijing at age of 89.
References
Other websites
Qian Qichen biography @ China Vitae
1928 births
2017 deaths
Vice Premiers of the People's Republic of China
Ambassadors of China
Politicians from Shanghai
Oxygen difluoride

Oxygen difluoride is the chemical compound with the formula OF2. It has a V-shaped molecular structure like H2O, but has different properties. It is a strong oxidizer.
Preparation
Oxygen difluoride was first prepared in 1929. It was made by the electrolysis of molten potassium fluoride and hydrofluoric acid. The chemicals had a small amount of moisture. Nowadays, it is prepared by the reaction of fluorine with a dilute aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. Sodium fluoride is left as a side-product:
2 F2 + 2 NaOH - OF2 + 2 NaF + H2O
Reactions
It is a very powerful oxidizing agent. This is proved by the oxidation number of +2 for the oxygen atom. This oxidising number is quite unusual. Above 200 degC, OF2 decomposes to oxygen and fluorine.
OF2 reacts with many metals. It produces oxides and fluorides. Nonmetals also react with it. Phosphorus reacts with OF2 to form PF5 and POF3. Sulfur produces SO2 and SF4 with it. A noble gas, xenon also reacts with it. It produces XeF4 and xenon oxyfluorides.
Oxygen difluoride reacts very slowly with water to form hydrofluoric acid:
OF2 (aq) + H2O (aq) - 2 HF (aq) + O2 (g)
Oxygen difluoride oxidizes sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide:
OF2 + SO2 - SO3 + F2
However, in the presence of UV radiation the products are sulfuryl fluoride, , and pyrosulfuryl fluoride, :
OF2 + 2 SO2 -
Safety
OF2 is a dangerous chemical. This is because it is highly oxidising.
References
Other websites
National Pollutant Inventory - Fluoride and compounds fact sheet
WebBook page for OF2
Fluorine compounds
Oxygen compounds
Peer group

A peer group is a group of people who are equal in some way. Those in a peer group have the same status and are about the same age. They often interact with the group as a whole. Members of a peer group often have similar interests and backgrounds.
Developmental psychology
Developmental psychologists, Lev Vygotsky, Jean Piaget, Erik Erikson, and Harry Stack Sullivan, argued that peer relationships are important in a person's development, and teach about equality, reciprocity, cooperation, and intimacy. Modern research also shows that social and emotional gains are indeed provided by peer interaction.
Judith Rich Harris, in The Nurture Assumption, argues that an individual's peer group significantly influences their intellectual and personal development. Several long-term studies also claim that peer groups improve school work.
Related pages
Peer pressure
References
Sociology
Super Bowl XLVIII

Super Bowl XLVIII (meaning Super Bowl 48 in Roman numerals) was an American football game in which the Seattle Seahawks, winners of the National Football Conference (NFC) for the 2013 season, beat the Denver Broncos, winners of the American Football Conference (AFC), 43-8 to become winners of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2013 season. It was the first time the Seattle Seahawks had won a Super Bowl. It was played at the MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey on February 2, 2014.
Starting teams
References
048
Seattle Seahawks
Denver Broncos
2010s in New Jersey
2014 in the United States
2014 in sports
Mimi Rogers

Miriam "Mimi" Rogers (nee Spickler; born January 27, 1956) is an American movie actress and poker player. She has been in many television programs, including the series Dawson's Creek.
References
Actors from Florida
American movie actors
American television actors
Poker players
1956 births
Living people
Freeway of Love

"Freeway of Love" is a 1985 song by Aretha Franklin and taken for her 30th studio album Who's Zoomin' Who?. It went to number 3 in the United States and New Zealand, number 6 in Australia and Canada and number 16 in Sweden. It earned her a Grammy Award in 1986.
Track listing
US 7" Single
References
1985 songs
Aretha Franklin songs
Dance-pop songs
Valtajeros

Valtajeros is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and Leon in Spain.
Municipalities in Castile and Leon
Settlements in Soria
Crash Bandicoot: The Huge Adventure

Crash Bandicoot: The Huge Adventure, released in Europe as Crash Bandicoot XS and in Japan as Crash Bandicoot Advance, is a video game published by Universal Interactive Studios (Konami in Japan). It was developed by Vicarious Visions for the Game Boy Advance. It was released in North America on February 25, 2002, in Europe on March 15, 2002 and in Japan on July 18, 2002.
References
Other websites
Crash Bandicoot: The Huge Adventure at GameFAQs
2002 video games
Crash Bandicoot games
Game Boy Advance games
Shuba Jay

Shubashini Jeyaratnam (15 July 1976 - 17 July 2014), better known her by stage name Shuba Jay, was a Malaysian actress. She started acting in 2001. On television, she was best known for her role in shows such as Spanar Jaya, Gadis 3 and Sugumana Sumaigal. While her movie roles were Relationship Status (2012) and Tokak (2013).
Jay was born on 15 July 1976. She was married to Dutchman Paul Goes. They had a daughter, Kaela Maya Jay Goes, who was born in 2012 via a natural birth at home.
Jay and her family were on board the Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 when it was shot down on 17 July 2014, killing all people on board. She was 38. The flight was meant to go from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur but was shot down near Hrabove, Ukraine. She and her daughter were among the 43 Malaysian and her husband was among the 193 Dutch citizens killed.
References
Other websites
1976 births
2014 deaths
Aviation deaths
Malaysian businesspeople
Malaysia Airlines Flight 17
Malaysian actors
Movie actors
Murder victims
Stage actors
Television actors
Furcula

The furcula ("little fork" in Latin) is commonly called the wishbone. It is a forked bone in birds and
some extinct dinosaurs.
It is a strut between a bird's shoulders, and connects to each of the bird's scapulae (shoulder blades). A strut is a structure which resists compression (pushing together) along its length.
It is formed by the fusion of the two clavicles (shoulder blades). In birds, its main function is to strengthen the thoracic skeleton to withstand the forces of flight.
X-ray films of starlings in flight have shown that the furcula expands when the wings are pulled downward, and snaps back as they are raised. Acting like a spring, the furcula stores some of the energy generated by contraction of the breast muscles. Then it releases the energy during the upstroke as the furcula snaps back to the normal position. This, in turn, draws the shoulders toward the midline of the body.
Surprisingly, the furcula is not essential for flying, and there are a number of birds which can fly well, but have a reduced furcula, or none at all.
Several groups of theropod dinosaurs had furculae.
References
Birds
Bones
Animal anatomy
Carlos Álvarez Nieto

Carlos Alvarez Nieto (born January 24, 1973 in Madrid) is a 5-per-team football player from Spain. He has a disability: he is blind. He played 5-per-team football at the 2004 Summer Paralympics. His team finished third after they played Greece and, won 2-0.
References
1973 births
2004 Summer Paralympics
Living people
Spanish 5-per-team footballers
Spanish footballers
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
Sportspeople from Madrid
All Quiet on the Western Front (2022 movie)

All Quiet on the Western Front () is a 2022 German epic anti-war movie. It is based on the 1929 novel of the same name by Erich Maria Remarque. It is directed by Edward Berger. It stars Felix Kammerer, Albrecht Schuch, Daniel Bruhl, Sebastian Hulk, Aaron Hilmer, Edin Hasanovic and Devid Striesow.
All Quiet on the Western Front was released to streaming on Netflix on October 28, 2022. It had strong positive reviews from critics. It received a leading 14 nominations at the 76th British Academy Film Awards and nine at the 95th Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
References
2022 movies
BAFTA Award winning movies
2020s war movies
German movies
Netflix movies
Gil Evans

Gil Evans (13 May 1912 in Toronto, Canada - 20 March 1988 in Cuernavaca, Mexico) was a jazz pianist, arranger, composer, and bandleader. He was active in the United States. He helped develop cool jazz, modal jazz, free jazz and jazz rock. He has collaborated with Miles Davis.
1912 births
1988 deaths
Evans, Gil
Grammy Award winners
Musicians from Toronto
No Smoking (1951 movie)

No Smoking is a cartoon made by Walt Disney Productions in 1951, featuring Goofy.
Voice cast
Goofy: Pinto Colvig
Home media
The short was released on December 2, 2002 on Walt Disney Treasures: The Complete Goofy, with its original ending.
References
Other websites
Short movies
1950s English-language movies
Stage name

A stage name is a name an entertainer like a movie star or a musician takes in the place of their real or birth name, they might like this name better than their real one or it's easier for people to remember. Professional wrestlers use stage names also, in their case it is called a "ring name".
Actors and actresses choose stage names for a variety of reasons. Their real names may be the same as or similar to those of other people, or they may be difficult to say or spell.
Famous examples
Related pages
Pen name
Names
La plus que lente

La plus que lente, L. 121 (, "The more than slow"), is a waltz for solo piano Claude Debussy wrote in 1910. Just beforehand, he had published Preludes, Book I. The piece was first played at the New Carlton Hotel in Paris. There, it was transcribed for strings. The popular 'gipsy' violinist, Leoni, performed it. Debussy had written it for him, and gave him the manuscript himself.
Debussy arranged the piece for small orchestra (flute, clarinet, piano, cimbalom and strings) which was published in 1912.
Style
The title, La plus que lente, refers to a slow waltz, the valse lente genre that Debussy tried to copy. It does not refer to the speed of the piece. This piece is a typical example of how Debussy named his pieces. It is also a reaction to the slow waltz, which was very popular in France at the time. Frank Howes noted, "La plus que lente is, in Debussy's wryly humorous way, the valse lente [slow waltz] to outdo all others."
The work is marked "Molto rubato con morbidezza," indicating Debussy's encouragement of a flexible tempo.
History
A small statue may have inspired Debussy to write this piece. He kept this statue on his furniture, and called it "La Valse". Other people have pointed out other sources of inspiration: A piece that he had written shortly before, called Ballade, is very similar.
During the same year of its composition, an orchestration of the work was conceived, but Debussy opposed the score's heavy use of percussion and proposed a new one, writing to his publisher:
Related pages
Impressionist music
Romantic music
References
Other websites
Original solo-piano version at last.fm
Compositions by Claude Debussy
Reinheitsgebot

The Reinheitsgebot is a regulation about the purity of beer. The regulation started in Ingolstadt, in Bavaria, in Germany, in 1516.
The regulation says several things:
It says what can be part of beer, and what can not. Beer may only contain water, barley, and hops.
It gives a price to beer. This is important for taxation. The price is set to 1-2 Pfennigs per Mass.
Some people talk about the Bavarian Reinheitsgebot, or the German Reinheitsgebot. They all mean the same thing. There are similar acts in the other states which later became known as Germany.
The Reinheitsgebot is no longer part of German law. It has been replaced by the Provisional German Beer Law, which allows things prohibited in the Reinheitsgebot, such as wheat malt and cane sugar, but which no longer allows unmalted barley.
Yeast was not a part of beer until Louis Pasteur discovered what it did during fermentation. This was around the year 1800. Brewers (the people brewing beer) usually re-used some of the sediments of the fermentation. They took some sediments of an older brew and added those sediments to the next brew.
Hops were added as a method of preservation (to stop the beer going bad quickly). Hops were allowed to stop other things (like adding certain mushrooms to the beer, which was done in the Middle Ages) being done to preserve beer. Other herbs, like stinging nettles had been used. The stinging nettle is part of the same plant family as hops.
A brewer who broke the Reinheitsgebot was punished: The beer barrels were taken by the state and destroyed and he/she did not receive any money for the loss.
Even today, many brewers are proud of the Reinheitsgebot; most German breweries say they follow it. Some only use it as a marketing tool. The ''Reinheitsgebot' says that beer is made of barley, so all wheat beers were not allowed by the original Reinheitsgebot).
Belgian beers are different. The brewers often add sugar (to boost fermentation). Nevertheless, Belgian beers have a brewing tradition at least as long as those of Germany. They taste totally different from the German ones.
References
Beer-related culture
German beers
Athir al-Din al-Abhari

Athir al-Din al-Munajjim was a polymath, philosopher, astronomer, astrologer and mathematician from Iran. He was born in Abhar.
References
1200 births
1265 deaths
Nort-sur-Erdre

Nort-sur-Erdre is a commune of 8,763 people (2017). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Communes in Loire-Atlantique
Westboro Baptist Church

The Westboro Baptist Church (WBC) is an American unaffiliated Baptist church known for its extreme opinions and protests, especially those against gay people. The church is widely described as a hate group.
Establishment
It was originally headed by Fred Phelps and consists mostly of members of his large family. In 2011, the church claimed it had about 40 members. The church is in a residential neighborhood on the west side of Topeka about three miles (5 km) west of the Kansas State Capitol. Its first public service was held on November 27, 1955.
Actions
The church has been involved in actions against gay people since at least 1991. This is when it sought a crackdown on homosexual activity at Gage Park six blocks northwest of the church. In addition to conducting anti-gay protests at military funerals, the organization pickets other celebrity funerals and public events that are likely to get it media attention. Protests have also been held against Jews and some protests have included WBC members stomping on the American flag.
Affiliation
The WBC is not affiliated with any Baptist denomination. The Baptist World Alliance and the Southern Baptist Convention (the two largest Baptist denominations) have each denounced the WBC over the years. The church describes itself as following "Primitive Baptist" and Calvinist principles.
References
Baptist churches
1955 establishments in the United States
LGBT in the United States
Churches in the United States
20th-century establishments in Kansas
Buildings and structures in Kansas
Homophobia
Carl Schuhmann

Carl August Berthold Schuhmann was an athlete from Germany. Carl won four Olympic titles at the 1896 Summer Olympics. He was born on May 12, 1869 and died on March 24, 1946.
References
Other websites
1869 births
1946 deaths
German gymnasts
Wrestlers
German Olympic gold medalists
Sportspeople from North Rhine-Westphalia
People from Munster
There's Something About Mary

There's Something about Mary is a 1998 American comedy movie. It stars Ben Stiller, Matt Dillon and Cameron Diaz and its subject is dysfunctional relationships. It was directed by Farrelly brothers. Its comedy is a combination of romance and gross-out. It is set in Rhode Island and Miami, Florida.
Other websites
1998 romantic comedy movies
1990s sex comedy movies
20th Century Fox movies
American romantic comedy movies
American sex comedy movies
1990s English-language movies
Movies set in Miami
Rhode Island in fiction
Paul Reiser

Paul Reiser (born March 30, 1957) is an American comedian, actor, model, composer, television personality and writer, author and musician. He is best known for his role in the 1990s TV sitcom Mad About You. He is ranked 77th on Comedy Central's 2004 list of the "100 Greatest Stand-ups of All Time".
His well known movie roles are in Diner (1982), Beverly Hills Cop (1984), a role he reprised in its sequel, Beverly Hills Cop II (1987). Reiser also had roles in James Cameron's Aliens (1986), in which he played the corrupt Carter Burke; The Marrying Man (1991) and Bye Bye Love (1995).
Reiser is Jewish.
References
Other websites
1957 births
Living people
Jewish American musicians
Jewish American comedians
Jewish American actors
Jewish American writers
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Models from New York City
American composers
American television writers
Writers from New York City
Musicians from New York City
Comedians from New York City
Actors from New York City
Telling You

Telling You, also known as Love Sucks, is a 1998 romantic comedy movie directed by Robert DeFranco and starring Peter Facinelli, Jennifer Love Hewitt, Matthew Lillard, Judge Reinhold and Dash Mihok. It was distributed by Miramax. Its filming location finds place in North Hollywood. It was released on August 7, 1998.
Plot
Three college graduates find themselves back home in New Jersey stuck behind the counter of a pizza parlor and frustrated about their life's perspectives, while their friends move on, struggle to find a new direction for their lives. Dennis feels overtaken by those he outstripped at high school while Phil re-encounters an ex-girlfriend who is Tony's sister he left behind. In the meantime, dealing with problems created by some money missing from the restaurant, the trio begin meeting old acquaintances and trying to pull themselves up and reorganise their plans for the future.
Cast
Peter Facinelli as Phil Fazzulo
Jennifer Love Hewitt as Deb Freidman
Matthew Lillard as Tony Friedman (Deb's brother)
Judge Reinhold as Adam Ginesberg
Dash Mihok as Dennis Nolan
Andy Berman as Howard Gurtler
Robert DeFranco as Steve Fagan
Gary Wolf as John Foley
Richard Libertini as Mr. P
Gina Philips as Kristen Barrett
Jennifer Jostyn as Beth Taylor
Frank Medrano as Sal Lombardo
Jensen Daggett as Susan
Shanna Moakler as Cheryl Tangeray
Charlotte Ayanna as Allison Fazio (as Charlotte Lopez)
Marc Bossley as Tommy Spahn
Stephanie Brown as Michelle Itzo
Gerald Jennke as Michelle Itzo's Neighbor
Michelle Burke as Kristen's Friend (as Michelle Thomas)
Andrea Tiano as Maria (Sal's Sister)
Mike Muldoon as Jerry (Sal's Brother-in-Law)
Jack Rourke as Murph
Rick Rossovich as McQueeney (uncredited)
Lorin Eric Salm as Lettuce Man
John Bachelder as John Batchelder
Stephen 'Bundy' DeFranco as Bundy
Paul Anthony as Rough Stranger
Kerri Kleiner as Allison's Friend
Liz Reese as Telephone Montage
Jennifer Foley as Amy
Jon Cellini as the tough guy
Joe Crusco as the Police Officer
Other websites
1998 romantic comedy movies
1998 romantic drama movies
American romantic comedy movies
American romantic drama movies
1990s English-language movies
Lill-Babs

Barbro Margareta Svensson, known as Lill-Babs (9 March 1938 - 3 April 2018), was a Swedish singer, actress and television presenter. She represented Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1961 in Cannes with the song "April, april". She was also well-known for the song "Ar du kar i mej annu Klas-Goran?".
Lill-Babs died of heart failure complicated by cancer in Stockholm on 3 April 2018 at the age of 80.
References
Other websites
Official website
1938 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
Cancer deaths in Sweden
Swedish singers
Swedish movie actors
Swedish television actors
Swedish television presenters
Eurovision Song Contest entrants
Airport

An airport is a place where airplanes can land or take off. Most airports in the world have only a long strip of level ground called a runway. Many airports have buildings which are used to hold airplanes and passengers. A building that holds passengers waiting for their planes or luggage is called a terminal. The sections between planes and the terminal are called "gates". Airports also have buildings called hangars to hold planes when they are not used. Some airports have buildings to control the airport, like a control tower which tells planes where to go.
An international airport is a large airport that airplanes can use to fly to and from other countries. A domestic airport is an airport which is usually smaller and only has airplanes coming from different places in the same country. Most international airports have shops and restaurants for airplane passengers to use.
An airport used by the military is often called an air force base or airbase. An aircraft carrier is a floating airbase.
Safety
Airports are made and operated for safety. Today, people must walk through a metal detector, a machine that can tell if metal goes through it. If it makes a noise, the officers will make that person take off all things on them that are metal. They also have X-ray machines that can look into luggage. If officers find items such as weapons, or anything that can be used to kill people, that item (and the person who has it) are taken away and possibly arrested. As well as this, passengers are not allowed to bring bottles or containers with over 100 ml of liquid onto the plane because they could be turned into bombs. Therefore, all water bottles must be emptied before entering the secured area.
Related pages
List of airports in Japan
Other websites
AirNav.com - complete list of U.S. airports, with detailed airport information
flightwise.com - graphical airport finder via Google Maps
ATCSCC Real-time Airport Status page - shows airport delay times for major U.S. airports (FAA)
FlightCentral.net - complete list of U.S. airports with detailed airport information and integrated weather
Department for Transport (United Kingdom)
History of Aircraft Landing Aids
SkyVector.com - Airspace and Airport information on Aeronautical Charts
Canadian Air Transport Security Authority (CATSA) Official Website
View airports and weather in Google Maps and Google Earth
Float Incorporated (developers of floating airports and Pneumatic Stabilized Platform (PSP))
Franciszek Pieczka

Franciszek Maksymilian Pieczka (18 January 1928 - 23 September 2022) was a Polish actor. He first made his debut in the theatre in Jelenia Gora. He won the award for Best Actor at the Polish Film Festival in 1976 for The Scar.
He also starred in Konopielka (1982), Axiliad (1986), The Mother of Kings (1987), Memories of a River (1990), Syzyfowe prace (1998), Quo Vadis (2001) and Jasminum (2006).
On 11 November 2017, he was awarded the highest Polish state decoration, the Order of the White Eagle.
Pieczka died on 23 September 2022, at the age of 94.
References
Other websites
Franciszek Pieczka at the Internet Polish Movie Database
1928 births
2022 deaths
Polish movie actors
Polish television actors
Polish stage actors
Pacific Islander

The Pacific Islanders, or Pasifika, are the peoples of the Pacific Islands. It is a demographic term for the people that lived on one of the islands in the Pacific Ocean.
Pacific islands
James Arness

James King Arness (May 26, 1923 - June 3, 2011) was an American actor. He was best known for his role in Gunsmoke. He played the character Marshal Matt Dillon. His younger brother was actor Peter Graves.
Early life
Arness was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He dropped the "u" when he started acting. His mother was of German ancestry; his father was of Norwegian ancestry. The family name had been Aursnes, but when Rolf's father, Peter Aursnes, emigrated from Norway in 1887, he changed it to Aurness. Arness and his family were Methodists. He served in the army in Italy during World War II. He received the Bronze Star.
Death
Arness died in Los Angeles at age 88 of natural causes.
Filmography
Movies
The Farmer's Daughter (1947)
Man From Texas (1947)
Roses are Red (1947) - credited as "James Aurness"
Battleground (1949)
Wagon Master (1950)
Sierra (1950) - credited as "Jim Arness"
Two Lost Worlds (1950)
Double Crossbones (1950)
Stars In My Crown (1950)
Wyoming Mail (1950)
Cavalry Scout (1951)
Belle le Grand (1951)
Iron Man (1951)
The Thing from Another World (1951)
The People Against O'Hara (1951)
Carbine Williams (1952)
Hellgate (1952)
The Girl in White (1952)
Big Jim McLain (1952)
Horizons West (1952)
The Lone Hand (1953)
Gun the Man Down (1953)
Island in the Sky (1953)
Veils of Bagdad (1953)
Them! (1954)
Hondo (1954)
Her Twelve Men (1954)
Flame of the Islands (1955)
Many Rivers to Cross (1955)
The Sea Chase (1955)
Gun the Man Down (1956)
The First Traveling Saleslady (1956)
Alias Jesse James (1956), as Marshal Matt Dillon
The Alamo: Thirteen Days to Glory (1987 TV movie), as Jim Bowie
Gunsmoke: Return to Dodge (1987 TV movie)
Red River (1988 TV movie)
Gunsmoke II: The Last Apache (1990 TV movie)
Gunsmoke III: To the Last Man (1992 TV movie)
Gunsmoke IV: The Long Ride (1993 TV movie)
Gunsmoke V: One Man's Justice (1993 TV movie)
Television
The Lone Ranger (1950, 1 episode as Deputy Bud Titus)
Lux Video Theatre, "The Chase" (1954)
Gunsmoke (1955-1975)
Front Row Center (1956)
The Red Skelton Chevy Special (1959)
The Chevrolet Golden Anniversary Show (1961)
A Salute to Television's 25th Anniversary (1972)
The Macahans (1976)
How The West Was Won (1977-1979 TV series)
McClain's Law (1981-1982 TV series)
References
1923 births
2011 deaths
Actors from Minneapolis
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
Ivan Bunin

Ivan Bunin (22 October 1870 - 8 November 1953) was a Russian writer who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1939. He was awarded the prize "for the strict artistry with which he has carried on the classical Russian traditions in prose writing." He also received the Pushkin Prize in 1903 and 1909. He wrote famous short novels including The Village and Dry Valley. During the 1917 Russian Revolution, he left Russia to live in Paris. He died of a heart attack in 1953 in Paris.
References
1870 births
1953 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Nobel Prize in Literature winners
Russian Nobel Prize winners
Russian novelists
Russian poets
Russian writers
Amboy, Illinois

Amboy is a city in Illinois in the United States.
References
Cities in Illinois