pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Dadaism

Dadaism is an avant-garde intellectual movement. It started around World War 1. Although not at first an art movement,p60/61 it did influence art greatly for a time.
History
The movement, formed in Zurich, Switzerland, was heavily influenced by the war in Europe. Its artists rejected modern capitalist society. They used nonsense and protest in their works. Dadaist artists expressed their discontent with violence, war, and nationalism, and were close to the radical far-left. The whole point behind Dadaism was to prove that anything could be art if the artist declared it to be. This was to prove that if everything could be art, then nothing could be art. This outraged many artists as Dadaism deemed their labour intensive artworks meaningless.
The art of the movement spanned visual, literary, and sound media, including collage, sound poetry, cut-up writing, and sculpture.
Influence
Its peak was 1916 to 1922, and it influenced surrealism, pop art, and punk rock. It went against the standards of society.
Followers of Dadaism included Antonin Artaud, Max Ernst, and Salvador Dali. A later version, called Neo-Dada, arose in the 1960s.
Dadaism began in central Europe, in Berlin and Zurich. Dadaism moved to Paris with Tristan Tzara. Tzara would go on to 'lead' the dadaists of Paris such as as Man Ray, Jean Cocteau, and Marcel Duchamp.
Dadaism is also closely associated with the concepts of the grotesque, the absurd, and the macabre. The idea of ridiculing the absurdity of existence has its expression in the dramatic art of Samuel Beckett and the so called school of Paris, which included Arthur Adamov, Jean Genet, and Eugene O'Neill.
The word "Dada" may be an allusion to an infant's first words, such as "Mama". No-one knows who invented the name, but there is some historical evidence which says that Tzara picked it out at random from a German-French dictionary, since "Dada" means "hobbyhorse" in French. A hobbyhorse is a long stick with a toy horse head attached which a child can hold in front of them to pretend they are riding a horse. Still, the source of the name is not widely agreed upon.
References
Art movements
Dahlgren, Illinois

Dahlgren is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Villages in Illinois
Latin Wikipedia

The Latin Wikipedia (In Latin: Vicipaedia or Vicipaedia Latina) is the Latin language edition of Wikipedia. Started in May 2002, this edition had over 80,000 articles as of October 2012.
As of October 2015, it is the 47th largest edition of Wikipedia by number of articles.
Vicipaedia is the largest Wikipedia in a dead language, (a language that is no longer anyone's mother tongue).
References
Other websites
Latin Wikipedia's Main page
"Veni Vidi Wiki: Latin Isn't Dead On Vicipaedia" (from The Wall Street Journal, 29 September 2007)
"In praise of . . . Latin" (from The Guardian, 3 October 2007)
Wikipedias
Civilian

A civilian in time of war is a person who is not a member of a country's military and any other fighting group. This is what the word means under the laws of war. Civilians are the opposite of soldiers and combatants, who fight in wars.
Civilians are protected by international law from being harmed during war. The treatment of civilians during times of war is covered by the Fourth Geneva Convention. Prisoners are covered by the Third Convention. These are based on humanitarian doctrines (ethical beliefs) and that most countries follow them as law.
Civilians have the right to defend themselves. If they participate in other fighting, they are usually called partisans, and they can be tried for war crimes.
The modern use of the word also has problems:
Many modern wars are civil wars. In a civil war, it can be difficult to make the distinction between the different parties at war, and it can also be difficult to make a difference between a civilian and a soldier.
Guerilla warfare and terrorism rely on the fact that the people taking part cannot be distinguished from civilians; they look like civilians, and not like soldiers.
Depleting the resources of the enemy has long been a method of war. Crops are burned and supplies blockaded so all, including enemy troops, will starve. In modern times strategic bombing may attack weapons factories, transport, and cities.
References
People
John Roselli

John "Handsome Johnny" Roselli (born Filippo Sacco; July 4, 1905 - August 7, 1976), sometimes spelled Rosselli, sometimes spelled Rosselli, was an Italian-American mobster was part of the Chicago Outfit. He helped that organization control Hollywood and the Las Vegas Strip. He was born in Esperia, Lazio. In the early 1960s, Roselli was hired by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in a plan to assassinate Cuban leader Fidel Castro.
Roselli's decomposing body was found in a steel barrel near Miami, Florida on August 9, 1976. He was 71 years old. Many believe he was murdered by members of the Chicago Outfit.
References
1905 births
1976 deaths
American crime victims
Murders by firearm in Florida
Chicago Outfit mobsters
Italian people
Fort Deposit, Alabama

Fort Deposit is a town in the U.S. state of Alabama.
Towns in Alabama
Tvååker

Tvaaker is the second largest locality in Varberg Municipality in Halland County in Sweden. In 2010, 2,534 people lived there. It is located circa 15 kilometers southeast of Varberg.
References
Settlements in Halland County
A Change of Seasons (movie)

A Change of Seasons is a 1980 comedy drama movie starring Anthony Hopkins, Shirley MacLaine, Bo Derek, Mary Beth Hurt and Michael Brandon. It was directed by Stephen Frears and written by Erich Segal and was nominated for three Razzies at the 1st Golden Raspberry Awards in 1981. The movie is rated R18 in New Zealand.
References
Other websites
1980 romance movies
1980 comedy-drama movies
1980 romantic comedy movies
20th Century Fox movies
American comedy-drama movies
American romantic comedy movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by Stephen Frears
Movies set in Massachusetts
Tittling

Tittling is a municipality in Passau in Bavaria in Germany.
It is home to the Bavarian Forest Museum Village.
References
Passau (district)
Whitehall, Ohio

Whitehall is a city in Franklin County, Ohio, United States.
Cities in Ohio
Arbitration

Arbitration, a form of alternative dispute resolution (ADR), is a way of resolving disputes outside the courts. Litigation can be expensive, time-consuming and unpredictable. With arbitration the parties to a dispute agree to have the disagreement decided by a neutral third party. More often this is a panel of three arbitrators. Each party suggests one, then both arbitrators agree on a third arbitrator. The decision is the result of a majority vote.
Arbitration (hearing)
Arbitration includes an agreement in advance by both parties to comply with the decision of the arbitrator(s). The process includes a hearing in which both parties may be heard. The arbitrator(s) reviews the evidence in the case and makes a decision. One that is legally binding on both sides and enforceable in the courts.
Mediation
Another form of alternative dispute resolution is mediation. Mediation and arbitration both use neutral third parties. For that reason they are sometimes confused. One difference is that a mediator does not make any decisions. Instead the mediator works towards getting both parties to agree. Unlike Arbitration, there is usually only one mediator. Another difference is that mediation is usually non-binding. Mediation is used more often in smaller disputes or when the matter is kept confidential. In some jurisdictions, mediation is required before a case can come to court.
References
Other websites
Mediation vs. Arbitration vs. Litigation: What's the Difference?, FindLaw
Dispute resolution
Bignasco

Bignasco is a village in the district of Vallemaggia, in the canton of Ticino, Switzerland. Bignasco is not a free municipality anymore after merging with another village to become Cevio.
Former municipalities of Ticino
Villages in Ticino
Queen (chess)

The queen is a chess piece that stands next to the king at the start of a game.The queen starts on the d1 square for white and the d8 square for black. It can move any number of unoccupied squares diagonally, vertically, or horizontally. When recording games, it is shortened to Q.
The queen's movement
The queen moves like both the bishop and rook. Both players start with one queen. A player may promote a pawn to a queen when the pawn reaches the end of the board.
History of the queen in chess
The IndoArabic game lasted for nearly a thousand years, until the end of the 15th century. In it, the piece next to the Shah was the Firzan or Visier, who was a counsellor. This piece had a movement even more limited than the king. It moved just one square at a time, on the diagonal. Not surprising, then, that when the move changed into its modern form, the Italians called the new game schacci alla rabioso (~furious chess).
References
Related pages
Chess pieces
Bob Baker (scriptwriter)

Robert John Baker (26 July 1939 - November 2021) was a British screenwriter. He was known for writing the Wallace and Gromit movies The Wrong Trousers, A Close Shave and Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit and A Matter of Loaf and Death. Baker was born in Bristol, England. His career began in 1971 and he retired in 2010.
Baker died in Stroud, Gloucestershire in November 2021, at the age of 82.
References
1939 births
2021 deaths
British television writers
British screenwriters
People from Bristol
Augusto Polo Campos

Augusto Armando Polo Campos (25 February 1932 - 17 January 2018) was a Peruvian composer. His vals "Regresa" was a number one hit internationally for Peruvian singer Lucha Reyes, and again in an instrumental form for Peruvian electronic band Madre Matilda. One of his songs was included in the James Bond movie Quantum of Solace.
Polo Campos died of complications from diabetes in Lima on 17 January 2018 at the age of 85.
Songs
Carino Bonito
Regresa
De la victoria a la Gloria Alianza Lima
Esta es mi tierra
La Jarana de Colon
Romance en la Parada
Carino Malo
Cada Domingo a las doce, despues de la Misa
Regresa
Vuelve pronto
Si Lima pudiera Hablar
Y se llama... Peru
Cuando Llora mi Guitarra
Contigo Peru
Tu Perdicion
Morena, la Flor de Lima
Limena
Hombre con H
Ay Raquel
Discography
Pamela, Latin ( Bolero ) Peru
References
Other websites
Romance en la Parada, Vals
Juan Cruz Castineiras entrevista al compositor peruano Augusto Polo Campos
1932 births
2018 deaths
20th-century composers
Peruvian entertainers
Sharon, Pennsylvania

Sharon is a city in Mercer County, Pennsylvania, in the United States, northwest of Pittsburgh. It was the home of the Vocal Group Hall of Fame.
History
The Sharon area was first settled in 1795. It was made into a borough on October 6, 1841. It became a cite on December 17, 1918. The city operated under the Pennsylvania third-class city code until 2008. At that time, it adopted a home rule charter. The elected position of mayor was replaced with a hired city manager and financial officer.
The founding families of Sharon first settled on a flat plain bordering the Shenango River. It was between two hills on the southwestern edge of what is today Sharon's downtown business district. Local legend says the community got its name from from the Plain of Sharon in Israel.
At first, the economy of Sharon was based on coal mining. It changed to iron and steelmaking and other heavy industry. This happened after the Erie Extension Canal was built in the 1840s. After deindustrialization in the nation in the 1970s and '80s, the city's economy changed again. It is now based on light industry, education, health care, and social services.
Before Prohibition in 1919, Sharon was home to a large beer brewery, Union Brewing Co. It was forced to close because of prohibition.
Sharon is the home of the original Quaker Steak & Lube. It opened in 1974. The Vocal Group Hall of Fame was created there. Other local attractions are The Winner off-price fashion store, Reyer's shoes, and Daffin's Candy.
References
Cities in Pennsylvania
Mehriban Aliyeva

Mehriban Arif qizi Aliyeva (nee Pashaeva, ; born 26 August 1964) is an Azerbaijani physician, ophthalmologist and politician. She is the First Vice President since 2017 and First Lady of Azerbaijan since 2003.
She is also the head of Heydar Aliyev Foundation, the chairperson of Azerbaijani Culture Friends Foundation, the President of Azerbaijani Gymnastics Federation, and the goodwill ambassador of UNESCO and ISESCO.
In 1983, she married Ilham Aliyev. They have three children.
References
1964 births
Living people
Physicians
First Ladies
Vice presidents
Azerbaijani politicians
Poppy Playtime

Poppy Playtime is a survival horror video game created by indie developer MOB Games. The first chapter was released on Steam on October 12, 2021, and the second chapter released on May 5, 2022.
The player plays as a former employee who is going in an abandoned toy factory that used to be owned by the game's company Playtime Co. 10 years after the staff have vanished. In the game, the player goes through a first-person mode and must solve puzzles.
When the first chapter was released, it had many positive reviews.
Synopsis
You play as an ex-employee for Playtime Co., a company that produced popular toys. You can listen to VHS tapes throughout the game hinting to the game's plot. When you leave the welcome center, you enter a room with a giant statue of Playtime Co.'s most famous toy, Huggy Wuggy. You then need to distribute power to the facility but when you are done with that and head back to Huggy's room. He is gone, you then enter the innovation wing and find your other grabpack hand. You then go through the conveyor belt to reach the make a friend station. When you distribute power to the station, you are then attacked by Huggy Wuggy and chased through the conveyor belts by him. You then enter a giant poppy flower painted on the wall, leading to a toy named Poppy. You open its case, the screen goes black, and chapter 1 ends.
Music
There are lots of songs in Chapter 1, the most popular one being No More Hugs, the song that plays when Huggy chases you. Poppy Playtime can be installed on Steam and other websites.
VHS tapes
The first tape is called Laith Pierre closing and it is about trespassing and the security system. The second is about an interview with a worker at Playtime Co. The third is about people not knowing what they are doing. The fourth is called experiment 1006 and is about Huggy Wuggy's attacks on the workers. All of these tapes have different locations.
References
2021 video games
Indie video games
Horror video games
Taranaki

Taranaki is one of the 16 regions of New Zealand. It is on the North Island. Its largest city is New Plymouth and its seat is Stratford.
References
Regions of New Zealand
Hezbe Wahdat

Hezbe Wahdat () is one of the political parties of the Hazara people in Afghanistan, which was founded in 1989. The main founder and leader of this party was Abdul Ali Mazari, who was killed by the Taliban in March 1995.
Related pages
Abdul Ali Mazari
References
Other websites
www.wahdat.net
Politics of Afghanistan
Alexander Downer

Alexander John Gosse Downer is an Australian former politician and diplomat. He served as the Leader of the Opposition and the Leader of the Liberal Party from 1994 until 1995, then later as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1996 until 2007 under John Howard.
References
Leaders of the Opposition (Australia)
Call of Duty: World at War – Final Fronts

Call of Duty: World at War - Final Fronts is a first-person shooter video game. It was the last Call of Duty game made for the PlayStation 2.
References
2008 video games
Call of Duty series
Cooperative video games
PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation 2-only games
Video game sequels
Bryan Henderson

Bryan Henderson is an American Wikipedia editor. He is known for changing "comprised of" on the English Wikipedia. On Wikipedia, his user name is "Giraffedata". In February 2015, his edits for changing "comprised of" became national news in the US. Most media coverage liked his edits as a "unique effort for correctness", while others criticized it as being wrong. By August 2010, Henderson removed all - around 18,000 - occurrences of the term. He continues to monitor new content for instances of "comprised of" and removes them, except when occurring within a quotation. As per Wikipedia logs, he has made over 47,000 edits to the English Wikipedia.
His brother is Robin Henderson. He is older than Bryan. Robin also edits Wikipedia. He changes instances of "based around". He usually changes them to "based on".
References
Further reading
Other websites
Bryan Henderson's personal page on English Wikipedia explaining the reasons and motivations for his work
1966 births
Living people
People from Olympia, Washington
Wikipedia people
Sattar Oraki

Sattar Oraki (, born 5 May 1969) is an Iranian Composer.
He has scored Academy Award-winning movies such as A Separation and The Salesman. Oraki is a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
References
Iranian composers
1969 births
Living people
Washington Territory

The Territory of Washington was an organized incorporated territory of the United States. It was a territory from March 2, 1853, until November 11, 1889. In 1889, it became the State of Washington. It was made from Oregon Territory north of the lower Columbia River and north of the 46th parallel east of the Columbia. At its largest, it covered all of Idaho. It also covered Montana and Wyoming. In 1963 it was in its final boundaries.
References
1853 establishments in the United States
1889 disestablishments
1880s disestablishments in the United States
A Night at the Opera (movie)

A Night at the Opera is a 1935 American comedy movie starring the Marx Brothers, Kitty Carlisle, Allan Jones, Margaret Dumont, Sig Ruman, and Walter Woolf King.
It was the first of five movies the Marx Brothers made for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer after their departure from Paramount Pictures, and the first after Zeppo left the act. It was directed by Sam Wood.
It made a lot of money the box office about $1,815,000. A Night at the Opera was selected in 1993 for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
References
1935 comedy movies
American comedy movies
Movies directed by Sam Wood
Benicia, California

Benicia is a city in Solano County, California. It is in the San Francisco Bay Area. 27,131 people lived here at the 2020 United States Census. The city is along the north bank of the Carquinez Strait. Benicia is just east of Vallejo and across the strait from Martinez.
Cities in California
Cities in the San Francisco Bay Area
Settlements in Solano County, California
David Tapp

Detective David Tapp is a fictional character from the Saw franchise. He was introduced in Saw (2004) as a detective investigating a series of crime scenes linked to the same murderer.
He also appears as a playable character in Saw: The Video Game (2009) and Dead by Daylight (2016). He was played by actor Danny Glover in the movies and voiced by Earl Alexander in the 2009 game.
References
Movie characters
Fictional American people
Fictional characters introduced in 2004
Saw (franchise)
Paolo Grossi (judge)

Paolo Grossi (29 January 1933 - 4 July 2022) was an Italian politician and lawyer. He was President of the Constitutional Court of Italy between 24 February 2016 and 23 February 2018. Grossi was a judge on the Court from 23 February 2009 to 23 February 2018. Grossi was born in Florence, Italy.
Grossi died on 4 July 2022 in Florence, aged 89.
References
1933 births
2022 deaths
Italian judges
Italian lawyers
Italian politicians
People from Florence
Liessies

Liessies is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 537 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Foyle (UK Parliament constituency)

Foyle () is a constituency of the United Kingdom. It is in Northern Ireland.
Election results
This seat saw the largest decrease in vote share for Sinn Fein at the 2019 general election.
References
Westminster Parliamentary constituencies in Northern Ireland
Coaling, Alabama

Coaling is a town in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, United States. At the 2010 census, the population was 1,657.
References
Towns in Alabama
Imam Ali Mosque

The Imam 'Ali Holy Shrine (), also known as Masjid Ali or the Mosque of 'Ali, is a mosque in Najaf, Iraq.
Mosques in Iraq
10th-century buildings and structures
Sol Kerzner

Solomon (Sol) Kerzner, K.C.M.G. (23 August 1935 - 21 March 2020) was a South African accountant and business magnate. He founded both of South Africa's largest hotel groups, the Southern Sun Hotel Group and Sun International. He was also the Founder, Chairman, and CEO of Kerzner International. His career spanned more than 45 years in the resort industry.
Kerzner died on 21 March 2020, aged 84.
References
1935 births
2020 deaths
South African businesspeople
People from Johannesburg
Mezquita de Córdoba

The Mezquita (Spanish for "mosque") of Cordoba is a Roman Catholic cathedral. It used to be a mosque in the Andalusian city of Cordoba, Spain. At first the site had been used for a temple, then a Christian cathedral. Under the rule of Islam, it was built as the second-largest mosque in the world. It is perhaps the most accomplished monument of the Umayyad dynasty of Cordoba. It changed into mosque in Middle Ages. After the Spanish Reconquista, it was changed back into a church, and some of the Islamic columns and arcs were replaced by a basilica in early Baroque style. Today it houses the main church of the diocese of Cordoba in Spain.
References
12 Treasures of Spain
Roman Catholic cathedrals in Spain
Cordoba, Andalusia
7th-century buildings and structures
Rio das Ostras

Rio das Ostras (, ) is a city in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro.
References
Cities in Rio de Janeiro (state)
Milford, Pennsylvania

Milford is a borough in Pike County, Pennsylvania, United States, and the county seat. Its population was 1,021 at the 2010 census.
References
Boroughs in Pennsylvania
County seats in Pennsylvania
Bloomingdale, Illinois

Bloomingdale is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
Settlements in DuPage County, Illinois
Karl Mai

Karl Mai (born 27 July, 1927 and died 15 March, 1993) was a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1948-49||rowspan="10"|Furth||||9||5
|-
|1949-50||rowspan="9"|Oberliga||1||0
|-
|1950-51||15||2
|-
|1951-52||24||2
|-
|1952-53||29||4
|-
|1953-54||30||4
|-
|1954-55||15||0
|-
|1955-56||24||2
|-
|1956-57||30||2
|-
|1957-58||19||1
|-
|1958-59||rowspan="3"|Bayern Munich||rowspan="3"|Oberliga||26||0
|-
|1959-60||28||1
|-
|1960-61||13||1
263||24
263||24
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1953||2||0
|-
|1954||8||0
|-
|1955||3||1
|-
|1956||4||0
|-
|1957||1||0
|-
|1958||2||0
|-
|1959||1||0
|-
!Total||21||1
|}
References
1928 births
1993 deaths
German footballers
Sportspeople from Bavaria
National Botanic Garden of Israel

National Botanic Garden of Israel (official name: The Botanical Garden for the Native Plants of Israel in memory of Montague Lamport, in ) is a botanic garden located in Mount Scopus in Jerusalem. The garden is dedicated to the plants of Israel.
The botanic garden was opened in 1931 by Otto Warburg and Alexander Eig. They were the founders of the botanic department of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. After Mount Scopus was isolated from Israel in 1948, they decided to create a new botanical garden in West Jerusalem, in Givat Ram. The new garden, Jerusalem Botanical Gardens, was opened in 1954.
The National Botanic Garden of Israel is also an archaeological park. It has many Jewish burial caves from the Second Temple period. In the southern part of the garden there is a famous cave called the Tomb of Nicanor. The cave is also burial place of two Zionist activists: Leon Pinsker and Menachem Ussishkin.
Related pages
List of botanical gardens
Other websites
National Botanic Garden of Israel
National Botanic Garden of Israel at "Botanic Gardens Conservation International" website
Botanical gardens in Israel
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Mount Scopus
Scafell Pike

Scafell Pike is the highest mountain in England. It is tall. It is in Lake District National Park, in Cumbria.
It is sometimes confused with the near-by Scafell. The name Pikes of Sca Fell was first used to mean the peaks now known as Scafell Pike, Ill Crag and Broad Crag. The contraction Scafell Pike started as an error on an Ordnance Survey map.
The summit was given to the National Trust in 1919 by Lord Leconfield. He did this in memory of the men of the Lake District "who fell for God and King, for freedom, peace and right in the Great War".
References
Mountains of the United Kingdom
Cumbria
National Trust properties
Rüschlikon

Ruschlikon is a municipality in the district of Horgen in the canton of Zurich in Switzerland.
Gallery
References
Other websites
Official Website
Municipalities of Zurich
Special functions

Special functions are some mathematical functions used in mathematical analysis or physics. Most of them appear in higher education. Some experts are studying numerical methods for them.
Definition
In mathematics, most functions are defined as a solution of a differential equation. For example, the exponential function is the solution of the ordinary differential equation . Due to this relation, some mathematicians are studying the connection between ODEs and special functions.
Examples
Gamma function, it is studied since Euler
Orthogonal polynomials, these are polynomials with special properties.
Matrix functions, these are studied in linear algebra and matrix analysis.
For more examples, find textbooks named "special functions".
References
Other websites
National Institute of Standards and Technology, United States Department of Commerce. NIST Digital Library of Mathematical Functions. Archived from the original on December 13, 2018.
Special functions at EqWorld: The World of Mathematical Equations
Special functions and polynomials by Gerard 't Hooft and Stefan Nobbenhuis (April 8, 2013)
Numerical Methods for Special Functions, by A. Gil, J. Segura, N.M. Temme (2007).
R. Jagannathan, (P,Q)-Special Functions
Specialfunctionswiki, a wiki about special functions
Functions and mappings
Repertoire

Repertoire (pronounce: "Re-per-twahr") is a French word used in music and in the theatre. It means a list of pieces of music or plays. Sometimes the English word repertory is used.
When a pianist speaks about his or her "repertoire", it means all the pieces that he can play. Most famous musicians have a wide repertoire (they can play a lot of pieces).
The "piano repertoire" means all music written for the piano. The violin has a much larger solo repertoire than the viola. That means that much more solo music has been written for the violin than for the viola.
A theatre company may have a "repertoire". That means all the plays that they regularly perform. Sometimes theatre companies are called "repertory theatres" because they have a particular list of plays that they perform.
References
Music
Theater
Marcell Jankovics

Marcell Jankovics (21 October 1941 - 29 May 2021) was a Hungarian graphic artist, movie director, animator and author. He received his Oscar nomination for the 1974 animated short movie Sisyphus. He also received a Palme d'Or for the short movie The Struggle at the 1977 Cannes Film Festival.
References
1941 births
2021 deaths
Hungarian movie directors
Animators
Artists
Writers from Budapest
Grim Fandango

Grim Fandango is an adventure video game made by LucasArts for Windows computers. It was released in October 1998. The game was directed by Tim Schafer.
Style
The style of the game mixes film noir movies, Mexican folklore, and Aztec beliefs about what happens after death.
Reviews
It is often called one of the best video games ever made because of its story, characters, writing, and visuals.
References
1998 video games
Point-and-click adventure games
Windows games
Spring (water)

A spring is a place where groundwater flows out of the ground. A spring may flow the whole year or only sometimes. This depends on the water getting into the ground all of the time (rain) or only once in a while (snow melting).
Water from a spring often flows downhill, along the land. This is how rivers start.
Some springs produce water that is good for health reasons. Sometimes towns grow by these springs because many people who are ill come there to get better. Such towns are called spa towns.
Other websites
"The Science of Springs" (via Wayback Machine)
"What Is A Spring?"
List of First-Magnitude springs in Florida
Technical and educational material on mineral springs and mineral water in Victoria
Bodies of water
Eluanbi Lighthouse

Eluanbi Lighthouse () is a lighthouse in Kenting National Park, Taiwan. It is on Cape Eluanbi, which is the southernmost place in Taiwan. Cape Eluanbi is in Pingtung County. The lighthouse is managed by the Customs Administration of the Ministry of Finance. The lighthouse is built between the Pacific Ocean and the Taiwan Strait and it faces toward the Luzon Strait. The lighthouse is open to the public for the whole year. The lighthouse is sometimes called "The Light of East Asia", because its intensity is very powerful.
History
Eluanbi Lighthouse was built in 1883. It was built by the Qing Dynasty. It was built because a lot of accidents happened in this area. Ships crashed into the reefs in the waters nearby. The Qing Dynasty wanted to prevent accidents like the Rover Incident. W. F. Spindey, who was an English architect that was part of the Royal Geographical Society was hired to build this lighthouse. The lighthouse is the only one in Taiwan that is armed. It has a trench around it and a lot of gun holes in the wall. This was needed because many of the local Aboriginal people raided the lighthouse a lot.
After the Treaty of Shimonoseki, Taiwan became a part of the Empire of Japan. Damage on the lighthouse from the First Sino-Japanese War was fixed in 1898 by the Japanese. In World War II, the lighthouse became damaged again during the Aerial Battle of Taiwan-Okinawa.
The lighthouse was rebuilt in 1962. It still works and is a historical monument in Kenting National Park. Next to the lighthouse there is also a memorial of the "Taiwan Eight Magnificent Sceneries".
References
Su-fang Li, "The Lighthouses in Taiwan", Yuan-zu Culture Publ. Inc., Taipei county, Taiwan, 2002, pp. 126-131.
Lun-hui Yue, "Ocean Navigator-The Fair of Taiwan Lighthouses", Kaohsiung History Museum, Kaohsiung, 2000, pp. 83-86.
Customs, Ministry of Finance of Taiwan, "The Concise History of the Republic of China Customs", Taipei, 1998.
Other websites
Kenting National Park (Taiwan)
Eluanbi Lighthouse-Directorate General of Customs (Taiwan)
Eluanbi Lighthouse (Taiwan)
Maritime and Port Bureau MOTC
1882 establishments
Lighthouses
Buildings and structures in Taiwan
Nikolai Slichenko

Nikolai Alekseyevich Slichenko (; 27 December 1934 -- 2 July 2021) was a Soviet and Russian singer and actor. He was the chief director of the Romen Theatre in Moscow. He was the only Romani person to be honored with the People's Artist of the USSR (1981).
In May 2021, Slichenko was hospitalized in Moscow for respiratory failure. He died on 2 July 2021 in Moscow, aged 86.
References
1934 births
2021 deaths
Russian movie actors
Russian stage actors
Russian television actors
Russian singers
Russian theatre directors
Deaths from respiratory failure
Roma people
André Kim

Andre Kim (August 24, 1935 - August 12, 2010) was a South Korean fashion designer based in Seoul, South Korea. He is known mainly for his evening and wedding gown collections.
Career
Kim, whose real name is Kim Bong Nam, is one of fashion designers in South Korea. He has achievements in Korean fashion, and International fashion. New York Times and Herald Tribune in London described him as 'A pioneer in Korean fashion' and 'Alive fashion hero'.
Kim became the Korea's first male fashion designer as he opened his fashion shop in 1962 and since that time he attracted public attention by designing a wedding dress of Um Aeng Ran, who was a top star at that time, and designing many clothes like uniforms of the Korean athletes for the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. Furthermore, not only did he hold a fashion show in Paris as the first South Korean in 1966 but also he held a lot of fashion shows in many places such as New York, Washington DC, Beijing and Sydney. Also, he was in the spotlight of the world because he became the world's first fashion designer to hold a fashion show in front of pyramids and Angkor Wat temple.
Since 2002 Kim has expanded his business into not only design fields such as children's wear and golf coat but also various fields like cosmetics and jewelry. He was active in his work even before he died on August 12, 2010, because of the pneumonia and colorectal cancer at age 74.
Fashion Styles
There are many characteristics that Andre Kim has in his fashion shows and styles. One of them is wedding finale, which is representative symbol as a bride and groom wearing wedding gowns confront each other. Kim sticks to a design that emphasizes woman's elegance and tries to apply Korean traditional pattern. Moreover, he always emphasizes white color. To be specific, the clothes that he designed are white as well as the things that he uses, such as furniture and cars, are also white. Moreover, he wears only white clothes regardless of the situation, even when he sleeps and takes a rest.
References
http://www.andrekim.co.kr/
http://100.naver.com/100.nhn?docid=927752
http://cafe.naver.com/pantheonhouse.cafe?iframe_url=/ArticleRead.nhn%3Farticleid=30
http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/bulletin/2010/08/12/0200000000AKR20100812218500005.HTML?did=1179m
Other websites
1935 births
2010 deaths
Fashion designers
South Korean people
Klaus Emmerich (journalist)

Klaus Emmerich (3 June 1928 - 25 February 2021) was a German-born Austrian journalist. He was born in Frankfurt, Germany. He was the editor-in-chief of ORF News. He was known for his racist remarks about U.S. President Barack Obama after his election victory in 2008. He said that "I don't want to be [controlled] by a black man in the Western world. If you say that that is a racist remark: right, without doubt."
Emmerich died from COVID-19 on 25 February 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Austria in Vienna at the age of 92.
References
1928 births
2021 deaths
Austrian journalists
People from Frankfurt
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Austria
Hypoiodous acid

Hypoiodous acid is a chemical compound. It is also an acid. Its chemical formula is HIO. It has hydrogen and hypoiodite ions in it.
Properties
Hypoiodous acid is very unstable. It easily disproportionates to iodine and iodic acid. It is a disinfectant and oxidizing agent.
Preparation
It is made by reacting mercury(II) oxide with iodine.
Uses
It is too unstable to be used, although people think that this is what makes iodine a disinfectant.
Related pages
Iodic acid
Periodic acid
Acids
Iodine compounds
A Dog of Flanders (1959 movie)

A Dog of Flanders is a 1959 movie directed by James B. Clark. It stars David Ladd, Donald Crisp, and Theodore Bikel. It is based on a book by Ouida. It is about a grandfather and his grandson who rescue a dog from abuse. The grandson wants to become a painter.
Other websites
1959 movies
Movies about dogs
Movies based on books
1950s English-language movies
Royal United Services Institute

The Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies (RUSI) is a British defence and security think tank.
It was founded in 1831 by the Duke of Wellington. RUSI describes itself as "the leading forum in the UK for national and international Defence and Security". It won Prospect Magazine's Think Tank of the Year Award 2008. In 2009, the same magazine named RUSI "Foreign Policy Think Tank of the Year". In 2011 RUSI celebrated its 180th Anniversary.
RUSI's Director is Michael Clarke and its President is HRH the Duke of Kent.
References
Think tanks
1831 establishments in Europe
1830s establishments in the United Kingdom
Non-profit organisations of the United Kingdom
Organisations based in London
Glyph

A glyph is an element of writing. Example: the ligature ae in archaeology represents a and e letters.
More exactly, a glyph is an element in an agreed set of symbols. A mark used in a language is a glyph, but in another language it may not be a glyph. For example, an n with tilde, n, is used in Spanish, as in pinata. It is not a glyph in English.
Other websites
Unicode
Font
Writing systems
Typography
Kursk Oblast

Kursk Oblast (, Kurskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. In 2010, 1,127,081 people lived in the oblast.
References
International Federation of the Phonographic Industry

The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry is the organisation that represents the interests of the recording industry across the world. It is a non-profit members' organisation registered in Switzerland. It was started in Italy in 1933 by Francesco Braga. It has its main office in London, with more local offices in Brussels, Hong Kong, Miami, Abu Dhabi, Singapore and Nairobi.
It has more than 8,000 members and operating in over 70 countries.
It started by promoting laws and copyrights and "to protect the largely British-based recording industry" by promoting rights in gramophone sound recordings.
In 1961 it helped to set up an international standard for the protection of sound recordings, live performances and broadcasts. The United States did not recognise a separate sound recording copyright until 1971.
References
International organizations
Trade associations
Walnut, California

Walnut is a city in Los Angeles County in the U.S. state of California. During the 2020 census, the city had a population of 28,430.
References
Cities in California
Settlements in Los Angeles County, California
Runcorn

Runcorn is a town in Cheshire, England. It is located within the Borough of Halton. In 2010 about 61,000 people lived there. It is on the southern bank of the River Mersey.
Halton Castle is the main landmark of the town. The Norton Priory is an important historical site in the town.
Towns in Cheshire
Brioude

Brioude is a commune. It is in the Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes region in the Haute-Loire department in south-central France.
Communes in Haute-Loire
Subprefectures in France
Ole Gunnar Solskjær

Ole Gunnar Solskjaer (born 26 February 1973 in Kristiansund) is a Norwegian former football manager and former player. He was most recently the manager of Premier League club Manchester United. He played most of his career for Manchester United. He also used to play for the Norway national team.
Career
In Norway
Solskjaer played for Molde FK and Clausenlengen before he went to England.
In England
Solskjaer joined Manchester United in 1996. He played 366 games for the club and scored 126 goals. In 1999, he scored four goals in twelve minutes against Nottingham Forest, "the fastest scorer of a four-goal haul on record in England".
With Manchester United, Solskjaer won the Premier League six times and the FA Cup twice. He scored the winning goal in the 1999 Champions League Final.
Management
He became the coach of the Manchester United Reserve team, and then, In 2011, he got the job as head coach for Molde FK, the club he left to join Manchester United. He was appointed as head coach for Manchester United after Jose Mourinho was sacked in November 2018.
Club career statistics
|-
|1990||rowspan="5"|Clausenengen||Second Division||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|1991||rowspan="3"|Third Division||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|1992||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|1993||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|1994||Second Division||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|1995||rowspan="2"|Molde||rowspan="2"|Premier League||26||20||||||||||||||26||20
|-
|1996||16||11||||||||||||||16||11
|-
|1996/97||rowspan="11"|Manchester United||rowspan="11"|Premier League||33||18||3||0||0||0||10||1||46||19
|-
|1997/98||22||6||2||2||0||0||6||1||30||9
|-
|1998/99||19||12||8||1||3||3||6||2||36||18
|-
|1999/00||28||12||colspan="2"|-||1||0||11||3||40||15
|-
|2000/01||31||10||2||1||2||2||11||0||46||13
|-
|2001/02||30||17||2||1||0||0||15||7||47||25
|-
|2002/03||37||9||2||1||4||1||14||4||57||15
|-
|2003/04||13||0||3||0||0||0||2||1||18||1
|-
|2004/05||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2005/06||3||0||2||0||0||0||0||0||5||0
|-
|2006/07||19||7||6||2||1||1||0||0||26||10
151||146||||||||||||||151||146
235||91||30||8||11||7||81||20||357||126
286||237||30||8||11||7||81||20||508||272
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1995||2||1
|-
|1996||6||3
|-
|1997||2||1
|-
|1998||9||3
|-
|1999||8||5
|-
|2000||10||1
|-
|2001||7||3
|-
|2002||9||2
|-
|2003||7||2
|-
|2004||2||0
|-
|2005||0||0
|-
|2006||4||2
|-
|2007||1||0
|-
!Total||67||23
|}
References
1973 births
Living people
Manchester United F.C. players
Norwegian footballers
Supreme Council (Kyrgyzstan)

The Supreme Council (, Jogorku Kenes, jw`wrqu kaengaesh; , Verkhovnyy Sovet) is the unicameral Parliament of the Kyrgyz Republic. It was known as the Supreme Soviet of the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic until 1991.
The parliament has 120 seats with members elected for a five-year term by party-list proportional voting.
Other websites
Parliament website
Kyrgyzstan information page on the website of Asian Medical Institute Kyrgyzstan
Politics of Kyrgyzstan
1990s establishments in Kyrgyzstan
Organizations based in Kyrgyzstan
Unicameral legislatures
DarkBASIC

DarkBASIC is a programming language that is very easy to create games in so people do not need to worry about DirectX. People now use the more powerful DarkBASIC Professional.
Hello World in DarkBASIC
print "Hello, World!"
Other websites
DarkBASIC
DarkBasic - The Gaming Language
Programming languages
Somersham

Somersham is a village and civil parish in Mid Suffolk, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 713 people living in Somersham.
References
Civil parishes in Suffolk
Villages in Suffolk
Franca Valeri

Franca Maria Norsa (31 July 1920 - 9 August 2020), known professionally as Franca Valeri, was an Italian actress. She was known for her roles in It Happened in the Park, The Sign of Venus, A Hero of Our Times, II vedovo, and in Love in First Class.
Valeri was born in Milan, Lombardy, Italy. She was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in 2014. Valeri died on 9 August 2020 in Rome, aged 100.
References
More reading
Emanuela Martini, Franca Valeri: una signora molto snob, Lindau, 2000,
Other websites
1920 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Italian movie actors
Italian centenarians
Actors from Milan
Wahoo, Nebraska

Wahoo (; from Dakota ; "arrow wood") is a city and county seat of Saunders County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 4,818 at the 2020 census.
References
Cities in Nebraska
County seats in Nebraska
Benson, Vermont

Benson is a town in Rutland County, Vermont, United States.
Towns in Vermont
Beatitudes

The Beatitudes (from Latin beatus, meaning "blessed" or "happy") are a list of traits that Christians should follow told by Gospel of Matthew and Gospel of Luke. Some of these include humbleness, meekness, and making peace.
Jesus Christ taught these ideas as part of a three lesson sermon; the Sermon on the Mount.
References
Gospels
Seljuk architecture

Seljuk architecture is the name given to architecture built during the time when the Seljuks ruled most of the Middle East and Anatolia. This was between the 11th and 13th centuries. After the 11th century the Seljuks of Rum emerged from the Great Seljuk Empire developing their own architecture. Their capital was Konya. They were influenced and inspired by the Armenians, Byzantines and Persians.
Great Seljuq Empire architecture
The architecture can be found in a vast area stretching from the Hindu Kush to eastern Anatolia. Also from Central Asia to the Persian Gulf. The homeland of Seljuk architecture was Turkmenistan and Iran. This is where the first permanent Seljuk buildings were built. Unfortunately the Mongol invasions destroyed most of these buildings. Only a few remain. In 1063 Isfahan was established as capital of the Great Seljuk Empire under Alp Arslan.
The most significant change was in the early 12th century. It was the conversion of the hypostyle plan into a four-iwan plan mosque (see Shah Mosque). Another mosque-type introduced at this time was the kiosk mosque, consisting of a domed space with three open sides and wall containing a mihrab on the qibla side. The architecture of this period was also characterized by memorial tombs. These were usually octagonal structures with domed roofs, called Kumbet or Turbe. An impressive example of tomb architecture is the mausoleum of Sultan Sanjar at Merv. It is a massive building measuring square with a huge double dome resting on squinches and muqarnas pendentives.
Gallery
Related pages
Seljuq dynasty
Tomb of Ahmed Sanjar
Kharraqan towers
References
Architectural styles
Lansing, New York

Lansing () is a town in Tompkins County, New York, United States. 11,033 people lived here at the 2010 census.
References
Towns in New York (state)
Marla Adams

Marla Adams (born August 28, 1938) is an American television actress. She best known for her roles as Belle Clemens on The Secret Storm, from 1968 to 1974, and as Dina Abbott Mergeron on The Young and the Restless. She won an Emmy Award in 2021.
References
Other websites
1938 births
Living people
American stage actors
American television actors
Actors from New Jersey
People from Ocean City, New Jersey
Emmy Award winning actors
Francisco Luzón

Francisco Luzon Lopez (1 January 1948 - 17 February 2021 ) was an economist and banker Spanish. He was born in El Canavate , Spain. He participated in the transformation of Spanish and Latin American banking in the last thirty years, assuming important responsibilities in entities such as Banco de Vizcaya , Banco Bilbao Vizcaya , Argentaria or Banco Santander. He has been a promoter of educational projects and platforms such as Universia , based on public-private collaboration, which promote networking, especially between Spain and Latin America. On November 6, 2016 announced that a patient of ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) since his diagnosis in October 2013. It also announced the creation of the Foundation Francisco Luzon to fight the disease and support research. He died on February 17, 2021.
References
1948 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from motor neurone disease
Spanish economists
Forward Kahuta

Forward Kahuta () is a small city in the Haveli District of Azad Kashmir. Until recently it was part of Bagh District; it is now the administrative headquarters of Haveli District.
Tehsils of Azad Kashmir