pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Saharan Air Layer

The Saharan Air Layer (SAL) is an intensely dry, warm and sometimes dust-laden layer of the atmosphere which often overlays the cooler, more-humid surface air of the Atlantic Ocean. In the Sahara Desert region of North Africa, where it originates, it is the prevalent atmosphere, extending from the surface upwards several kilometers. As it drives, or is driven, out over the ocean, it is lifted above the denser marine air. This arrangement is an inversion where the temperature increases with height. The boundary between the SAL and the marine layer suppresses or "caps" any convection originating in the marine layer. Since it is dry air, the lapse rate within the SAL itself is steep, that is, the temperature falls rapidly with height.
Other websites
NOAA FAQ: Saharan Air Layer
Real Time SAL data
HA! Look at 2006! Where are the Hurricanes?
Research: Aerosols Slow Wind
Meteorology
Winds
Schattdorf

Schattdorf is a municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland. Around 5,000 people live in Schattdorf. It has an area of .
References
Other websites
Official Website
Municipalities of Uri
Remembrance poppy

The remembrance poppy is an artificial flower worn in some countries to honor their military personnel who died in war. Veterans' associations give out poppies for charitable donations used to give financial, social and emotional support to members and veterans of the armed forces.
They were inspired by the war poem "In Flanders Fields". They were first used near the end of World War I to honor British Empire and United States military deaths of the war.
References
Symbols
Purchasing power parity

There are two ways to measure GDP (total income of a country) of different countries and compare them. One way, called GDP at exchange rate, is when the currencies of all countries are converted into USD (United States Dollar). The second way is GDP (PPP) or GDP at purchasing power parity (PPP).
PPP
Uses
Purchasing power parity (PPP) is measured by finding the values (in USD) of a basket of consumer goods that are present in each country (such as pineapple juice, pencils, etc.). If that basket costs $100 in the US and $200 in the United Kingdom, then the purchasing power parity exchange rate is 1:2.
Examples
For example, suppose that Japan has a higher GDP per capita (US$18) than the US (US$16). This means that the average Japanese person makes $2 more than the average American. However, this does not necessarily imply that the Japanese are more affluent. Suppose that one gallon of orange juice costs $6 in Japan, and $2 in the US, i.e. $6 buys a good in Japan that can be purchased in the US for $2. 1 gallon of orange juice is taken as a reference good in this example. Simply, 1 gallon of orange juice can be bought in Japan, versus 3 gallons in America, with an equivalent amount of money. We can calculate a PPP index for Japan vs. the US equal to 1/3. According to orange juice prices, Americans have stronger purchasing power, or are able to buy more value with their money. The US has a PPP-adjusted GDP of $16, which has not changed since it is the reference currency. Japan's GDP, however, is only $6 when adjusted for PPP. This is calculated by multiplying Japan's unadjusted GDP by the PPP index. In reality, a much wider range of goods that includes much more than just orange juice is taken to calculate the PPP index, so that it accurately reflects the average cost of living.
Daily life (application)
Now apply this to daily life. The orange juice represents the previously mentioned "basket of goods" which represents the cost of living in a country. Therefore, even if a country has a higher GDP per capita (individual income), that country's people may still live poorer if the cost of living is higher.
There are some problems with how PPP is calculated using the market basket. Because people in different countries buy different goods, it can be very hard to create an accurate market basket. This means that PPP does not always represent the exact real value of money in different countries.
References
Gross domestic product
Terrier

A terrier is a dog of any one of many breeds of terrier types. They are named from the Latin word terra meaning earth. It refers to their love of digging after their prey (small burrowing mammals). Terriers are typically small, very active and fearless dogs. Terrier breeds vary greatly in size from just to over . They are usually categorized by size or function. There are five different groups with each group having several different breeds. Terriers do not usually tolerate other dogs well. They are descended from dogs bred to hunt and kill rodents. Terriers usually have 'wiry' (stiff hairs like wire) coats that need special care. Examples of terriers include Irish Terrier and the Cairn Terrier.
References
Wole Soyinka

Akinwande Oluwole "Wole" Babatunde Soyinka (Yoruba: Akinwande Oluwole Babatunde Soyinka; born 13 July 1934) is a Nigerian playwright and poet. He was awarded the 1986 Nobel Prize in Literature, the first African to be honored in that category.
References
1934 births
Living people
Nigerian writers
Playwrights
Nigerian poets
Recipients of the Nigerian National Order of Merit Award
People from Ogun State
Radio Nowhere

"Radio Nowhere" is a 2007 song by Bruce Springsteen. It is the leading single from his 15th studio album Magic. It went to number 96 in the United Kingdom, number 90 in Germany, number 55 in Canada, number 2 in Norway, number 24 in Ireland and number 87 in Switzerland and won two Grammy Awards in 2008.
References
2007 songs
Rock songs
Bruce Springsteen songs
Dupree, South Dakota

Dupree is a city in and county seat of Ziebach County, South Dakota, United States. 525 people lived here at the 2010 census.
References
Cities in South Dakota
County seats in South Dakota
Wada

Wada or WADA can be about:
People
Japanese surname
Wada (He Tian ) is a Japanese family name. The following persons are of Japanese ancestry:
Koji Wada (d. 2016), singer and songwriter
Masahiro Wada (born 1965), footballer
Takumi Wada (born 1981), footballer
Places
Wada, Chiba, Japan
Wada, Nagano, Japan
Vada, Palghar or Wada, Maharashtra, India, an administrative division
Japanese railway stations
Nishi-Wada Station, a railway station in Hokkaido, Japan
Wada-shuku, a railway station in Nagawa, Japan
Wada Station, a railway station in Akita, Japan
Wakasa-Wada Station, a railway station in Fukui Prefecture, Japan
Other uses
Wada (house), a type of mansion (or large house) in Western India
WOHS, a radio station in North Carolina, United States, formerly had call sign WADA
WADA-LD, was a television station in North Carolina, United States
E. Y. Wada, an American fashion label
Lakes of Wada in mathematics
including the Wada property and Wada basins
Wada, a ruler of Halsingland, Sweden
Wada test, a test used to show which brain hemisphere (or which part of the brain) is being used (during the test)
World Anti-Doping Agency
Wada or waada, another name for the seepweed or Suaeda plant
Wada, another spelling for Vada (food), a type of Indian fried snack
Wada language, a Banda language of Central Africa
Related pages
Japanese-language surnames
Aaahh!!! Real Monsters

Aaahh!!! Real Monsters is an American animated television series. It was created by Klasky Csupo for Nickelodeon. The series is about three young monsters. They are Ickis, Oblina, and Krumm. They go to a school for monsters under a city dump. At the school, they learn to frighten humans. Many of the episodes deal with them making it to the surface to perform "scares" as class assignments.
The series was first broadcast on October 29, 1994, on Nickelodeon. It had a total of 52 episodes over 4 seasons. The last episode was shown on December 6, 1997.
References
Nickelodeon television series
1990s American animated television series
1990s American children's television series
1994 American television series debuts
1997 American television series endings
Milton J. Rosenberg

Milton James "Milt" Rosenberg (April 15, 1925 - January 9, 2018) was an American social psychologist. He was born in New York City. He was professor of psychology at the University of Chicago and was the host of a long-running radio program "Extension 720" in WGN in Chicago. He interviewed Henry Kissinger, Carl Sagan, Jimmy Carter, Norman Mailer, Zbigniew Brzezinski, Bill Murray, Jane Byrne, Margaret Thatcher, Roger Ebert and Barack Obama.
Rosenberg died in Chicago on January 9, 2018 of complications from pneumonia at the age of 92.
References
1925 births
2018 deaths
American psychologists
American radio personalities
Writers from New York City
Scientists from Chicago
University of Chicago faculty
Random House

Random House is the biggest English-language book publisher in the world. It is owned by the large German media company Bertelsmann. Random House was founded in 1927 by Bennett Cerf and Donald Klopfer. The publisher's main office in the United States is located at 1745 Broadway in Manhattan. In October 2018, Penguin Random House merged two of its most known publishing lines, Random House and the Crown Publishing Group. In 2019, Penguin Random House acquired British children's book publisher Little Tiger Group (including American subsidiary Tiger Tales Press) and added it to Random House Children's Books.
References
Other websites
Random House official website in the U.S.
Random House official website in the UK
Random House official website in Germany
Random House official website in Canada
Random House official website in Australia
Random House official recruiting website in the U.S.
Random House careers and recruiting website in the UK
Biography of Bennett Cerf with the quote on the origin of the Random House name
Bertelsmann official website
Book publishing companies
Companies of Germany
Companies of the United Kingdom
Companies based in New York City
1925 establishments in Europe
1920s establishments in Germany
American Pie (song)

American Pie is an American popular song, written by a singer-songwriter Don McLean.
About
The song was recorded and included in his album American Pie album in 1971. It reached no.1 on the Billboard hit chart. We consider this song is the longest song ever made among top hits of American popular songs. Because its playing time is beyond 8 minutes. "American Pie" was selected as the fifth important "Song of the Century", announced by the National Endowment for the Arts and the Recording Industry Association of America.
The original song in the album is accompanied by the guitar, piano and strings section. He also played the song with his guitar alone at the BBC studio live in 1972.The RollingStone reported the BBC live, too.
His original rough notes of the song has been a topic. They are often noted as an important historical piece in America. In May 2015 the original lyrics written by himself was sold in market publicly (at an auction). This news surprised people all over the world. He sold the original lyrics at auction for $1.5 million (PS800,000). It is said that there are four handwritten copies of the handwritten lyrics to "American Pie." A 18-page copy consists of 237 lines. One copy was sold at the auction as already mentioned, and a second copy sold for $100,000 in August 2017.
Opinion
Many people say this song include a political message. Some say "the jester on the sidelines" is Bob Dylan, "the king with the thorny crown" is Elvis Presley. Others say "the quartet in the park" is The Beatles. He also sang in the song about the 1959 plane crash that ended the lives of Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens and The Big Bopper .
"All roads lead to American Pie," said Don McLean of the song that made him famous. "As American as apple pie was the saying. It was some kind of a big American song that I wanted to write, which would be a conclusion for my show and bring all the songs home, which it still does. I can go anywhere I want with American music and come home to that. And it all makes sense."
In this way, he has never been explaining the real intention or meaning of the song in the past interviews. He just said, "I was around in 1970 and now I am around in 2015... there is no poetry and very little romance in anything anymore, so it is really like the last phase of American Pie." Many details in the song still remains in mystery, as he did not mention anymore.
Suggested reading
What's so great about 'American Pie'? - April 7, 2015, Cable News Network
Don McLean: 'American Pie changed my life' - May 18, 2015, The Telegraph
Related pages
Don McLean - an American popular singer
References
Other websites
An original version of American Pie at Youtube
American Pie live at BBC in 1972 from BBC Newsnight archives at YouTube
1971 songs
1970s ballads
Pop songs
Folk ballads
Don McLean songs
Madonna (entertainer) songs
Jan Niemiec (bishop)

Bishop Jan Niemiec (; ; 14 March 1958 - 27 October 2020) was a Polish-born Ukrainian Roman Catholic prelate. He was an Auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Kamyanets-Podilskyi and the Titular Bishop of Decoriana from 21 October 2006 until his death on 27 October 2020. He was born in Kozlowek, Poland.
Niemiec died from COVID-19 on 27 October 2020 in hospital in Lancut, Poland at the age of 62.
References
1958 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland
Polish Roman Catholic bishops
Ukrainian Christian clergy
Half note

The half note (also called a minim) is a note that is the value of a whole note and double the value of a quarter note. In the time signature it will be two beats long.
Note values
Sam Matekane

Sam Matekane (born 15 March 1958) is a Mosotho businessman and politician. In October 2022, Matekane was elected the Prime Minister of Lesotho. He is the founder of Matekane Group of Companies. He formed a political party, the Revolution for Prosperity (RFP) in March 2022.
He was named the richest citizen of Lesotho with a net worth of $5 million.
References
1958 births
Living people
African businesspeople
Prime Ministers of Lesotho
Gérard Farison

Gerard Farison (15 March 1944 - 8 September 2021) was a French footballer. He played as a defender. Farison was born in Saint-Etienne, France. His playing career lasted from 1968 until 1983. He played for the national team in 1976.
Farison died on 8 September 2021 in Saint-Raphael, France at the age of 77.
References
Other websites
federation official site
Profile
1944 births
2021 deaths
French footballers
French football managers
Metroid II: Return of Samus

is an action-adventure video game made by Nintendo for the Game Boy game console. It's the second game in the Metroid series.
Plot
Storyline
Samus Aran goes to a planet called SR388 when the Galactic Federation told her to exterminate the Metroids that live on it. After exploring the underground areas of the planet and killing almost every Metroid, she fights and kills the Metroid Queen. Afterwards, a Baby Metroid hatches and thinks Samus is its mom. Samus takes the Baby Metroid with her when she leaves the planet.
Setting
The player sees very little of SR388's surface, and the game is almost entirely underground. The areas are dark with rocky platforms, and has a high amount of lava close to the surface.
Gameplay
Metroid II takes Metroid's gameplay and adds new stuff. It uses the Beams, Morph Ball, Missiles, and special jumps, but adds new stuff as well. The game is very nonlinear and lets the player explore the world somewhat freely. Throughout the world, Samus finds enemies and new power-ups.
1991 video games
Game Boy games
Metroid
Saam Daam Dand Bhed (TV Series)

Saam Daam Dand Bhed is India's political drama TV serial. The show is basically genre of revenge drama with political flair in it. The storyline of the show is loosely inspired from Netflix mega show House of Cards. It is produced by Shakuntalam Telefilms. The show went on air on August 28, 2017 on Star Bharat.
References
Hindi-language television series
2017 Indian television series debuts
Beatriz Segall

Beatriz de Toledo Segall (25 July 1926 - 5 September 2018) was a Brazilian actress. She was known for her role as Odete Roitman on the telenovela Vale Tudo (1988). She was born in Rio de Janeiro.
Segall died on 5 September 2018 in Rio de Janeiro from respiratory failure at the age of 92.
References
Other websites
1926 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
Brazilian movie actors
Brazilian television actors
Actors from Rio de Janeiro
America's Next Top Model, Cycle 5

America's Next Top Model, Cycle 5 was the fifth season of America's Next Top Model. There were 13 contestants. The winner was 18-year-old Nicole Linkletter.
Prizes
A modeling contract with Ford Models
A spread in Elle
A $100,000 contract with CoverGirl
Contestants
(In alphabetical order)
Ashley Black
Lisa D'Amato
Diane Hernandez
Cassandra Jean
Kyle Kavanagh
Nicole Linkletter
Erika "Nik" Pace
Sarah Rhoades
Jayla Rubinelli
Brittany "Bre" Scullark
Kimberly "Kim" Stolz
Ebony Taylor
Coryn Woitel
Episodes
1.
casting episode
2.
Best: Nik Pace
Worst: Sarah Rhoades & Ashley Black
Eliminated: Ashley Black
3.
Best: Cassandra Jean
Worst: Diane Hernandez & Ebony Taylor
Eliminated: Ebony Taylor
4.
Quit: Cassandra Jean
Best: Jayla Rubinelli
Worst: Sarah Rhoades & Kim Stolz
Eliminated: Sarah Rhoades
5.
Best: Kyle Kavanagh
Worst: Bre Scullark & Diane Hernandez
Eliminated: Diane Hernandez
6.
Best: Lisa D'Amato
Worst: Nik Pace & Coryn Woitel
Eliminated: Coryn Woitel
7.
Best: Kim Stolz
Worst: Kyle Kavanagh & Bre Scullark
Eliminated: Kyle Kavanagh
8.
Best: Bre Scullark
Worst: Jayla Rubinelli & Nicole Linkletter
Eliminated: None
9.
Best: Kim Stolz
Worst: Lisa D'Amato & Jayla Rubinelli
Eliminated: Lisa D'Amato
10.
Best: Nik Pace
Worst: Bre Scullark & Kim Stolz
Eliminated: Kim Stolz
11.
Best: Nicole Linkletter
Worst: Bre Scullark & Jayla Rubinelli
Eliminated: Jayla Rubinelli
12.
Best: Nik Pace
Worst: Nicole Linkletter & Bre Scullark
Eliminated: Bre Scullark
Final Two: Nik Pace & Nicole Linkletter
Winner: Nicole Linkletter
05
Stradbroke

Stradbroke is a village and civil parish in Mid Suffolk, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 1221 people living in Stradbroke.
References
Civil parishes in Suffolk
Villages in Suffolk
XO (Leathermouth album)

XO (also spelled XO) is the first album released by Leathermouth. The album was released through Epitaph Records on January 27, 2009.
Track listing
References
Other websites
Leathermouth Official Website
Leathermouth Official MySpace Page
2009 albums
Titisee-Neustadt

Titisee-Neustadt is a town in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Wurttemberg in Germany. The town is a Kneipp spa and a climatic health resort. It is also known a winter sport center.
Geography
The town of Titisee is on the north shore of Titisee, a lake in the eastern Feldberg in the Black Forest, which ranges from 780 to 1192 meters above sea level. The town of Neustadt is 5 km to the east.
Districts
The town is made up of the six districts:
Neustadt
Langenordnach
Rudenberg
Titisee
Schwarzenbach
Waldau
Twin towns
Titisee-Neustadt is twinned with:
Coulommiers, France, since 1971
Leighton-Linslade, United Kingdom, since 1991
References
Other websites
Official website
Spa towns in Germany
Ski areas and resorts in Germany
Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald
LaSalle County, Illinois

LaSalle County is located in the North Central region of the U.S. state of Illinois. It has an population of 109,658 in 2020. Its county seat and largest city is Ottawa.
References
Illinois counties
Amapa tree frog

The Amapa tree frog (Boana dentei) is a frog that lives in Brazil and French Guiana.
References
Frogs of South America
Electoral district of Leppington

Leppington is an electoral district of New South Wales. It was created in 2023.
Leppington is in Greater Western Sydney.
Election results
References
Leppington
1889 Toronto municipal election

Municipal elections were held in Toronto, Canada, on January 7, 1889. Edward Frederick Clarke, was re-elected to a second term as Mayor of Toronto without anyone running against him.
Toronto mayor
Results
Edward Frederick Clarke - acclamation
References:
Referendum
A referendum was held on a by-law to fund a hospital to care for alcoholics. The proposal was defeated.
For - 1,961
Against - 3,902
References:
Aldermen elected to city council
St. Andrew's Ward
E. King Dodds (incumbent) - 798
J. E. Verral - 763
William Carlyle (incumbent) - 732
Pells (incumbent) - 679
Britton - 381
St. David's Ward
Robert J. Fleming (incumbent) - 1,239
William H. Gibbs (incumbent) - 1,010
John C. Swait (incumbent) - 883
Gibson - 843
St. George's Ward
George E. Gillespie (incumbent) - 609
John Maugham (incumbent) - 546
George Verral (incumbent) - 543
Hall - 396
St. James' Ward
Alfred McDougall (incumbent) - 999
John McMillan (incumbent) - 963
James B. Boustead (incumbent) - 939
Steiner - 437
St. John's Ward
Joseph Tait - 693
Frank Moses - 691
A. H. Gilbert (incumbent) - 638
R. J. Score - 605
Piper (incumbent) - 464
Irwin (incumbent) - 421
St. Lawrence Ward
Charles Small - 870
Thomas Davies - 662
Garrett F. Frankland (incumbent) - 622
John Hallam (incumbent) - 598
St. Mark's Ward
John Ritchie (incumbent) - 419
Charles Frederick Denison (incumbent) - 409
Michael J. Woods (incumbent) - 403
McConnell - 224
Boyle - 112
Emerson - 104
St. Matthew's Ward
Ernest A. Macdonald - 447
Francis E. Galbraith (incumbent) - 411
Peter Macdonald (incumbent)- 389
John Knox Leslie - 365
G. S. Macdonald - 344
St. Patrick's Ward
John Baxter (incumbent) - 1,028
Miles Vokes - 998
George J. St. Leger (incumbent) - 781
Weatherton - 780
John Lucas - 362
W. J. Little - 490
St. Paul's Ward
W. J. Hill (incumbent) - acclamation
William Roaf - (incumbent) acclamation
John Shaw (incumbent) - acclamation
St. Stephen's Ward
William Bell (incumbent) - 947
J. Crocker - 937
Robert H. Graham - 925
Tyler - 293
St. Thomas' Ward
William Carlyle (incumbent) - 765
Edward Hewitt (incumbent) - 522
Thomas McMullen - 513
William Park - 444
Rundle - 304
Patton - 137
References:
By-election
During 1889, Parkdale joined the city of Toronto and was added to the municipal ward map as St. Alban's Ward, beginning March 31, 1889. Booth, Lennox, and Gowanlock were elected as aldermen for the new ward.
St. Alban's Ward
George Booth - 499
Isaac Lennox - 433
James Gowanlock - 418
other candidates not reported
References:
References
Municipal elections in Toronto
1889
1880s in North America
Gambit (Marvel Comics)

Gambit is a fictional character who appears in the X men series. His mutant power is the ability to control, change and create kinetic energy (moving energy) which means he can make things move at his command. Many scenes in X men Origins: Wolverine can demonstrate this.
X-Men characters
Prion disease

A prion disease (also called transmissible spongiform encephalopathy) is a disease which is caused by prions. Prions are structurally altered versions of small proteins that are normally expressed in cells. Unlike diseases that are caused by gene mutations resulting in the expression of a mutant protein, prions are able to replicate and transmit diseases through physical contact with normal proteins. This causes a protein's structure to change from the normal state to the prion state.
Unlike bacteria, prions are not considered to be alive because they do not have their own metabolism, they do not possess genes and cannot naturally reproduce outside a host cell. Prion diseases are very rare, and no treatment is available for most of them. There is no cure for prion diseases, and they will always result in death.
Almost all of the known prion diseases are neurologic diseases. There are two common signs which are seen in typical prion diseases:
Ataxia or disequilibrium, is when a patient cannot stand or walk well because he cannot maintain his equilibrium or balance. This is usually because of a disease or damage in the cerebellum.
Dementia or loss of mentality, is a progressive loss of cognitive functions.
Prion diseases
Few types of prion diseases are known. The most important ones are:
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease - A person can get the disease by eating beef infected with BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy), having a blood tranfusion from a person with the disease, injection of Human Growth Hormone extracted from bodies with the disease, or through infected surgical instruments. Patients suffer from ataxia and dementia and usually die after one year.
Kuru disease - This disease is seen in people living in New Guinea who eat the brains of dead people. Patients present with ataxia, dementia and inability in moving their eyes. Patients will usually die within two years.
Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome - This is a very rare syndrome which presents with ataxia and dementia. The patients usually die after one year.
Prion diseases are very rare. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease makes up about 85% of the cases, but there are about 1 to 1.5 cases per one million people per year.
Related pages
Prion
Encephalopathy
Infectious diseases
Neurology
Dementia
Drew Barrymore

Drew Blyth Barrymore (born February 22, 1975) is an American actress and movie producer. Born in Culver City, California, she is the youngest member of the Barrymore family. Lionel Barrymore was her great-uncle and John Barrymore was her grandfather. Barrymore made a breakout role in E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial. She starred with Adam Sandler in The Wedding Singer, 50 First Dates and Blended. She starred in the Netflix series Santa Clarita Diet.
Personal life
Barrymore is bisexual. She was married three times. She had a relationship with Jeremy Thomas, Tom Green and Will Kopelman. Before their divorce, Barrymore has two daughters.
Movies and television
References
Other websites
1975 births
Living people
Actors from Culver City, California
American child actors
American movie actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Barrymore family
Bisexual people
Golden Globe Award winning actors
LGBT actors
LGBT people from California
Saturn Award winners
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Steve Gibbons (politician)

Stephen William Gibbons (11 September 1949 - 22 July 2022) was an Australian politician. He was an Australian Labor Party member of the Australian House of Representatives from 1998 until 2013. Gibbons was born in Melbourne, Australia.
Gibbons died in July 2022 at the age of 72.
References
1949 births
2022 deaths
Politicians from Melbourne
Members of the Australian House of Representatives
Sugandha Shaktipeeth

Sugandha Shaktipeeth (), is a Hindu temple of the Goddess Sunanda, in Bangladesh. It is in the village of Shikarpur, 10 miles north of Barisal.
References
Hindu temples
Murgenthal

Murgenthal is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Aargau
Dirweyn

Dirweyn is one of the four big tribes in Somalia. Dirweyn means greater Dir. Dirweyn is made up of two tribes called Isaaq and Dir. The other three big tribes in Somalia are the bulshada Koofur Orsi, the Darood and the Hawiye. Isaaq borders Warsangeli and reer darawiish to the east, the Ogaden to the south and the Gadabuursi to the west.
References
Ethnic groups in Somalia
Mount Ebenezer

Mount Ebenezer is a pastoral station and roadhouse in the south of the Northern Territory, Australia. It is located on the Lasseter Highway, from the Stuart Highway to the east and to Uluru in the west. Mount Ebenezer is owned by the community of Imanpa, which is surrounded by the property. It is one of the few Aboriginal-owned stations in the Territory. It is managed by Lisanote Pty Ltd, a company also owned by the Imanpa Community. This company also operates the Angas Downs Indigenous Protected Area, which borders the property to the west. The lease for the property is held by the Fogarty family.
History
The area falls within the traditional homeland of the southern Luritja people (Matuntara). Mount Ebenezer, the mountain that the station was named after, is in the Basedow Ranges and can be seen to the north of the roadhouse. The mountain itself is named for Ebenezer Flint, who worked in the area in 1871 on the Overland Telegraph Line. In the early 1920s, a pioneer named William Liddle established the Angas Downs sheep station to the west of the Basedow Ranges. He had previously worked at the telegraph station in Alice Springs. He settled at Angas Downs with his wife Mary (an Aranda woman) and had several children. From the late 1920s, the family began to use the Mount Ebenezer area as an extension of Angas Downs.
Mount Ebenezer was established as its own station in 1947 by William's second son, Harold Liddle. He was one of the first people of Aboriginal descent to get a perpetual lease for a pastoral property. Liddle sold the new station to Ted Kunoth in 1952. Kunoth built a roadhouse to service tourist traffic between the Stuart Highway and Uluru. In 1978, Kunoth agreed to allow the Aboriginal people of the area to set up a community on a part of the station's lands. The area at Imanpa, beneath the Basedow Ranges, was removed from the property for this. Kunoth sold the property's lease to Alan Rogers, who then resold to the Fogarty family in 1993.
References
Other websites
Mount Ebenezer on Exploring Australia
Buildings and structures in Australia
Northern Territory
Farms
Agriculture in Australia
Blackwood, New Jersey

Blackwood is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Gloucester Township, in Camden County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the CDP's population was 4,545.
References
Unincorporated communities in New Jersey
Census-designated places in New Jersey
Burnham, Maine

Burnham is a town in Waldo County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Allsvenskan (men's handball)

Allsvenskan is the Swedish second division in men's team handball. Earlier, the name was used by the top division. The league is organized by the Swedish Handball Federation.
References
Sweden, men
Pithecopus

Pithecopus is a genus of frogs in the family Phyllomedusidae, but some scientists say it is in the subfamily Phyllomedusinae in the family Hylidae. These frogs live in tropical South America east of the Andes, from southern Venezuela to northern Argentina. For a while, scientists said this was another name for Phyllomedusa, but, in 2016, they changed it to Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis group. Its sister group is Callimedusa.
Name
The name of this genus comes from the Greek pithekodes, which means "ape-like."
Description
Pithecopus frogs are medium-sized frogs measuring about in snout-vent length, which means from nose to rear end. On their feet, Toe I is much longer than toe II, and is opposable to it like a thumb. These frogs do not have vomerine teeth. The tadpoles have a moderately small oral disc on the bottoms of their bodies, near the front.
Species
There are 12 species in this genus:
However, AmphibiaWeb lists only some of these species (Pithecopus araguaius, Pithecopus rusticus, and Pithecopus gonzagai). It puts the others in Phyllomedusa.
References
Frogs of South America
Tomas Aguon Camacho

Tomas Aguon Camacho (September 18, 1933 - March 5, 2018) was a Northern Mariana Islander religious figure. He was the first Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Chalan Kanoa in the Northern Mariana Islands. He served as bishop from 1984 until his retirement in 2010. He was born in Chalan Kanoa, Saipan.
Camacho died in Saipan on March 5, 2018 of sepsis, aged 84.
References
1933 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from sepsis
Northern Mariana Islands
Roman Catholic bishops
Mill (currency)

A mill, mil or mille is 1/10th of a US cent or 1/1000th of a US Dollar. In the United States, it is most used in gasoline prices. For example $4.119 per US gallon. $0.009 is equal to nine mils. It is also used when discussing taxes on land and prices of electricity.
Currency of North America
President of Northern Cyprus

The President of Northern Cyprus officially the president of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) is the head of state of Northern Cyprus. The president of Northern Cyprus right now is Mustafa Akinci. He has been president since 2015.
The president of Northern Cyprus is not a cermonial position in the political system of Northern Cyprus.
List
References
2019 Detroit Lions season

The 2019 season was the Detroit Lions' 90th in the National Football League (NFL) and their second year under head coach Matt Patricia.
NFL Draft
Regular season
Schedule
Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text.
Standings
Division
Conference
Detroit Lions seasons
2019 in sports
2010s in Detroit
HR 6819

HR 6819, also known as HD 167128 or QV Telescopii (abbreviated QV Tel), is a triple star system in the southern constellation of Telescopium, near the southern constellation boundary with Pavo.
It is located at a distance of about 1,120 light years from the Sun, and is drifting farther away at a rate of +15 km/s. A May 2020 study reported it to contain a black hole, making it the closest known black hole, and the first one located in a stellar system visible to the naked eye.
References
May 2020 events
Black holes
Bridgewater Canal

The Bridgewater Canal connects Runcorn, Manchester and Leigh, in North West England. It was started by Francis Egerton, 3rd Duke of Bridgewater, to carry coal from his mines in Worsley to Manchester. It was opened in 1761 from Worsley to Manchester. Later it went from Manchester to Runcorn, and then from Worsley to Leigh. It is connected to the Manchester Ship Canal by a lock at Cornbrook; to the Rochdale Canal in Manchester; to the Trent and Mersey Canal at Preston Brook, southeast of Runcorn; and to the Leeds and Liverpool Canal at Leigh.
The Sankey Canal was built first, but the Bridgewater Canal became more famous and set a lot more canals going. It has an aqueduct to cross the River Irwell, and a tunnel at Worsley.
References
Canals in England
Buildings and structures in Greater Manchester
18th-century buildings and structures
Parcel

Parcel can mean several things:
A mailable or shippable box.
In real estate parcel is a unit of land under declared ownership (with or without buildings).
Basic English 850 words
Alfredo Biondi

Alfredo Biondi (June 29, 1928 - June 24, 2020) was an Italian politician and lawyer. In 1994 he served as Minister of Justice of the Italian Republic during the first cabinet chaired by Silvio Berlusconi. He was also Minister of the Environment in the Bettino Craxi cabinet from 1983 to 1984.
Until 1994, he was a member of the Liberal Party. Afterwards, he became a member of Forza Italia. Biondi was born in Pisa, Italy.
He was a Deputy from 1968 to 1972 and again from 1979 to 2006. Biondi was a Senator from 2006 to 2008.
Biondi died on June 24, 2020 in Genoa, Italy at the age of 91.
References
1928 births
2020 deaths
Italian politicians
Italian lawyers
Hamed Bakayoko

Hamed Bakayoko (8 March 1965 - 10 March 2021) was an Ivorian politician. He served as Prime Minister of the Ivory Coast (officially the Republic of Cote d'Ivoire) from 8 July 2020 until his death on 10 March 2021. He was also the Minister of Defence from 2017 until his death. Bakayoko was born in Abidjan.
Bakayoko had tested positive to COVID-19 more than three different times between April 2020 and February 2021. He also had malaria. On 10 March 2021, he died of cancer at a hospital in Freiburg, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany. He died two days after his 56th birthday.
References
1965 births
2021 deaths
Cancer deaths in Germany
Prime Ministers of Ivory Coast
Thebe (moon)

Thebe or , is the fourth of Jupiter's known moons (by distance from the planet). It was found by Stephen P. Synnott in images from the Voyager 1 space probe taken on March 5, 1979 and was given the designation . Later, it was found on images dating back to February 27, 1979. In 1983 it was officially named after the mythological nymph Thebe who was the daughter of the river god Asopus and a lover of Zeus (the Greek equivalent of Jupiter).
Orbit
Thebe is the farthest of the inner Jovian moons. It orbits Jupiter at a distance of ~222,000 km (3.11 Jupiter radii). The orbit of Thebe has an orbital eccentricity of ~0.018 and an inclination of ~1.08deg relative to the equator of Jupiter. These values are unusually high for a closer moon and can be explained by the past influence of the closest Galilean satellite Io; in the past, several mean motion resonances with Io would have passed through Thebe's orbit as Io gradually moved away from Jupiter, and these excited Thebe's orbit.
Physical characteristics
Thebe is not a sphere, with the closest ellipsoidal approximation being 116x98x84 km. Its bulk density and mass are not known but assuming that it mean density is like that of Amalthea (~0.86 g/cm3) its mass can be estimated at ~4.3x1017 kg.
The surface of Thebe is dark and appears to be reddish in color.
Exploration
Thebe was found in Voyager 1 images by Steve Synnott, a member of the Voyager navigation team. However, before the Galileo spacecraft arrived at Jupiter, little was known about it. Galileo imaged almost all of the surface of Thebe and put constraints on its composition.
References
Other websites
Thebe Profile by NASA's Solar System Exploration
Jupiter's moons
High Wall

High Wall is a 1947 American crime drama movie directed by Curtis Bernhardt and was based on the play by Alan R. Clark and Bradbury Foote. It stars Robert Taylor, Audrey Totter, Herbert Marshall, Dorothy Patrick, Warner Anderson, Jonathan Hale, Morris Ankrum and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Other websites
1947 crime drama movies
1940s American crime drama movies
Movies based on plays
MGM movies
Movies directed by Curtis Bernhardt
Santa Claus, Indiana

Santa Claus is a town in Spencer County, Indiana. The town is Christmas-themed. Over 2,400 people live in the town.
Towns in Indiana
Solder

Solder is a metal or alloy that melts at a low temperature. There are two types of solder; soft solder and hard solder. Soft solder melts easily with soldering irons and is used for electronics and electrical work. Hard solder melts at a higher temperature with a torch. Using solder is called soldering.
There are two main types of soft solder; lead solder and lead-free solder. Lead solders have about 60% (or 63%) tin and 40% (or 37%) lead in them. They are toxic because they have lead in them. They melt at around 185degC. Lead solder is cheap, so it used to be popular. In plumbing, a 50% tin and 50% lead mixture was used. People thought this was safe, but then they saw that the lead was coming into the water. Now lead solder is illegal for use on pipes that carry water. Lead solder was once used for food cans. After many years, the lead could come into the food. The cans poisoned people who ate the food. Lead solder is still used in electronics.
In 2006 the European Union, China, and California banned lead in consumer products. Lead solder became illegal in electronic devices in some places. Lead-free solder was needed. Many lead-free solders have tin, silver, and copper in them. They melt around 217degC. Sometimes indium is added to the solder to make it better, but indium is very expensive.
Many times when a metal is being soldered, it oxidizes, making a layer of metal oxide that does not hold solder. Flux is added to react with the metal oxide and turn it back into the metal again. That helps the solder connect to the metal. Rosin is a common flux. Some electronics makers use fluxes that can be washed away with water. Some solders have a flux core, where the flux is inside the solder.
Another type of solder is used to connect glass to other things. They melt around 450-550degC.
Gallery
Electronics
Alloys
Les Magnils-Reigniers

Les Magnils-Reigniers is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Vendee department in west France.
Communes in Vendee
Pewsum

Pewsum is a village in the municipality of Krummhorn (Aurich) in the west of East Frisia. Pewsum is both the administrative seat as well as the trade and craft centre for the municipality. The village is at a height of .
References
Sources
Lampe, Regine (1989). Das Burgmuseum in Pewsum (Ostfriesischer Kunstfuhrer, Heft 13). Aurich.
Other websites
Official internet site for the municipality of Krummhorn
Information page for Pewsum
Villages in Lower Saxony
Towns and villages in East Frisia
Krummhorn
Saw VI

Saw VI is a 2009 American horror movie directed by Kevin Greutert from a screenplay written by Patrick Melton and Marcus Dunstan. It is the sixth installment in the Saw franchise. It stars Tobin Bell, Costas Mandylor, Betsy Russell, Mark Rolston, Peter Outerbridge, and Shawnee Smith.
It was produced by Mark Burg and Oren Koules of Twisted Pictures and distributed by Lionsgate. It was released on October 23, 2009.
References
2009 horror movies
Saw movies
Lionsgate movies
Over and Over Again (song)

"Over and Over Again" is a song by English recording artist Nathan Sykes. The song was written by Sykes and was released in the United Kingdom on 20 November 2015 as the second single from his debut studio album. The song peaked to number 8 on the UK Singles Chart.
Sykes performed the song live on The X Factor on 22 November 2015.
Charts
References
2015 songs
Chris Ford

Christopher Joseph Ford (January 11, 1949 - January 17, 2023) was an American basketball player and head coach in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Ford was nicknamed "the Mad Bomber". He played most of his NBA career with the Detroit Pistons, Ford finished his playing career with the Boston Celtics. In the Celtics' first game in 1979-80, he made the first official three-point shot in NBA history. He won an NBA championship with the Celtics in 1981.
Between 1990 and 1995, Ford was the head coach of the Celtics. He also had been the coach for three other NBA teams until 2004. He died on January 17, 2023, six days after his 74th birthday.
1949 births
2023 deaths
American basketball players
National Basketball Association coaches
Detroit Pistons players
Boston Celtics players
Sportspeople from New Jersey
Timber Lake, South Dakota

Timber Lake is a city in the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is the county seat of Dewey County.
Cities in South Dakota
County seats in South Dakota
1911 establishments in South Dakota
The Fantastic Four

The Fantastic Four is a team of superheroes. The team originally first appeared in a series of comic books created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby. It was published by Marvel Comics starting in 1961. They also appeared in several cartoons and films as well.
The members of the group are scientist Reed Richards, his girlfriend/wife Sue Storm, her teenage brother Johnny Storm, and Ben Grimm, a friend of them. While test flying a rocket ship, they are affected by cosmic rays, and gain superpowers. Richards becomes "Mr. Fantastic" who can stretch his limbs and body for long distances and sizes. Sue became the "Invisible Girl/Woman" who could make herself invisible, create force fields, and other things. Johnny transformed into the "Human Torch" who can become a giant ball of fire. Ben turned into a rock-like creature with super-strength, called "The Thing".
They decide to use these powers for good and work from their laboratory in a New York City skyscraper.
Marvel Comics adapted into movies
Mitchell Johnson

Mitchell Guy Johnson (born 2 November 1981) is an Australian former cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman and a left-handed fast bowler. He has been awarded the International Cricket Council's Sir Garfield Sobers Trophy twice (2009 and 2014). He famously took part in the Australian Test squad during the 2013-14 Ashes series. His country won the series 5-0. Johnson also won the player of the series award for taking 37 wickets in a dominant showing against the English batsmen. During his Test career, he played 73 matches and took 313 wickets from 16,001 balls bowled. He retired from all forms of cricket in 2018.
Johnson was born in Townsville, Queensland. Although he bats and bowls left-handed, Johnson writes with his right hand. In 2016, he published his autobiography Resilient.
References
Other websites
1981 births
Living people
Australian cricketers
Sportspeople from Queensland
Sarah Thomas

Sarah Thomas ( Bailey; born September 21, 1973) is an American football referee for the National Football League (NFL). Thomas is the first woman to be a permanent NFL official. Thomas is breaking gender barriers around her career. Thomas was the first woman to officiate the Super Bowl. She refereed the Super Bowl in Tampa, Florida, in 2021.
Early Life
Sarah Thomas was raised in Pascagoula Mississippi. She and her brother played sports. She received a scholarship for basketball at the University of Mobile. Thomas was recorded 5th best in the school for her excellence in basketball. Her statistics over five seasons: 779 points, 411 rebounds, 108 assists, and 192 steals. Thomas was titled Academic All-American at Mobile. She aided her team get to the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics Tournament. Thomas got a degree in communications and graduated Mobile in 1995.
First Jobs
Thomas was interested in becoming a Football official after college. She went with her older brother to his officiating meeting. She started being an official for grade school, and then high schools in 1999. Thomas officiated a high school state championship game in Mississippi, 2007. Joe Henes, who is a retired official told Gerry Austin, a supervisor of Conference USA's officials about Thomas and her ability to officiate. Joe Henes recommended she start officiating college football. Austin looked into her skill set and hired Thomas. This made her the first woman to officiate a major college game.
She started working for the NFL in 2015.
Skills
Thomas has good communication skills. She can talk to coaches. She listens to the coach when they are questioning the call. She calms them down. Coaches are confident about her abilities.
References
Living people
1973 births
Football referees
Sportspeople from Mississippi
Golden Rooster Awards

The Golden Rooster Awards (; pinyin: Jin Ji Jiang) are movie awards given in mainland China. They are similar to the Academy Awards. It is called the Golden Rooster Awards because it was the Year of the Rooster in 1981.
The people who get the award receive a statuette in the shape of a golden Rooster. They are picked by a group of movie makers, movie experts, and movie historians. The awards are given by the China Film Association.
At first the movie festival had two events - the Golden Rooster festival and the Hundred Flowers Awards. The two festivals were combined in 1992. Now the Golden Rooster is awarded on odd years and the Hundred Flowers is awarded on even years.
References
Other websites
IMDB Summary for the Golden Rooster Awards
List of winners
Movie awards
Chinese movies
1981 establishments in Asia
1980s establishments in China
Erik Olin Wright

Erik Olin Wright (February 9, 1947 - January 23, 2019) was an American analytical Marxist sociologist. He focused in social stratification and alternative futures to capitalism. He worked at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
He was known for his classical Marxism views in his breakdown of the working class into subgroups of diversely. Wright introduced novel concepts to adapt to this change of perspective including deep democracy and interstitial revolution. He was born in Berkeley, California.
Wright studied at Harvard University, University of California, Berkeley and at Oxford College. In 2012, Wright was elected President of the American Sociological Association.
Wright died on January 23, 2019, from acute myeloid leukemia at a hospital in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, aged 71.
References
1947 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from acute myeloid leukemia
American sociologists
Educators from Berkeley, California
American communists
Writers from Berkeley, California
Writers from Milwaukee
Educators from Milwaukee
Effeltrich

Effeltrich is a municipality in the district of Forchheim in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Forchheim (district)
Wietmarschen

Wietmarschen is a unitary community (Einheitsgemeinde) in the County of Bentheim in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is split into the villages of Wietmarschen, Fuchtenfeld, Schwartenpohl, Lohnerbruch, Nordlohne and Lohne with Lohne being the biggest and having the town hall while Wietmarschen, which is the second biggest, having the name.
Geography
Wietmarschen is about west of Lingen, and northeast of Nordhorn. The community's highest elevation is the Rupingberg in Lohne at above sea level. There are plans to construct a viewing tower on it.
Constituent communities
The community is divided into six districts named Wietmarschen, Fuchtenfeld, Schwartenpohl, Lohnerbruch, Nordlohne and Lohne.
Partnership
Mortagne-au-Perche, France became a partner community of Wietmarschen on 2 July 1989.
References
Other websites
County of Bentheim (district)