pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Rush (band)

Rush was a Canadian rock band. They formed in the late 1960s in Toronto. The last and longest members of the group were Geddy Lee, the singer, who also plays the bass guitar and synthesizers, Alex Lifeson, who plays the guitar, and Neil Peart, who played the drums. In 2013 Rush were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
Discography
Studio albums
Rush (1974)
Fly by Night (1975)
Caress of Steel (1975)
2112 (1976)
A Farewell to Kings (1977)
Hemispheres (1978)
Permanent Waves (1980)
Moving Pictures (1981)
Signals (1982)
Grace Under Pressure (1984)
Power Windows (1985)
Hold Your Fire (1987)
Presto (1989)
Roll the Bones (1991)
Counterparts (1993)
Test for Echo (1996)
Vapor Trails (2002)
Snakes & Arrows (2007)
Clockwork Angels (2012)
Other websites
Rush's official website
1970s music groups
1980s Canadian music groups
1990s Canadian music groups
2000s Canadian music groups
2010s Canadian music groups
Canadian rock bands
Progressive rock bands
Musical entertainers from Toronto
Musical groups established in 1968
1960s establishments in Canada
Musical groups disestablished in 1997
1990s disestablishments in Canada
Musical groups established in 2002
2002 establishments in Canada
Bengalis

The Bengali people are the main ethnic group in the region of Bengal (now divided between Bangladesh and the Republic of India) in South Asia. They speak Bengali (baaNlaa Bangla), a language of the eastern branch of the Indo-Aryan languages.
They are natively concentrated in the nation of Bangladesh and in the Indian states of West Bengal and Tripura. Some of the most well established Bengali communities are in the Middle East, Japan, Malaysia, United Kingdom and United States.
Remnants of civilisation in the greater Bengal region date back 4,000 years, when the region was settled by Dravidian, Tibeto-Burman and Austroasiatic peoples. The origin of the word Bangla ~ Bengal is unknown, but it is believed to be derived from the Dravidian-speaking tribe Bang that settled in the area around the year 1000 BC.
After the arrival of Indo-Aryans, the kingdoms around Bengal were first described in the Atharvaveda about 1000 BC. From the 6th century BC, Magadha expanded to include most of the Bihar and Bengal regions. It was one of the four main kingdoms of India at the time of Buddha. Magadha extended over nearly all of South Asia, including parts of Persia and Afghanistan, reaching its greatest extent under the Buddhist emperor Ashoka the Great in the 3rd century BC. One of the earliest foreign references to Bengal is the mention of a land ruled by the king Xandrammes named Gangaridai by the Greeks around 100 BC. The word is speculated to have come from Gangahrd (Land with the Ganges in its heart) in reference to an area in Bengal. Later from the 3rd to the 6th centuries AD, the kingdom of Magadha served as the seat of the Gupta Empire.
References
Ethnic groups in Bangladesh
Ethnic groups in India
Mid-Continent oil province

The Mid-continent oil field is a big area that has hundreds of oil fields in Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma and Texas. The area, which has various geological strata and diverse trap types, was discovered and used during the first half of the 20th century. Most of the crude oil found in the onshore mid-continent oil field is the mixed base or intermediate type (a mix of paraffin base and asphalt base crude oil types).
Other websites
Energy Information Administration (DOE)
U.S. Energy Information Administration (DOE) , "Crude Oil Proved Reserves, Reserves Changes, and Production"
Geography of Arkansas
Geography of Kansas
Geography of Louisiana
Geography of New Mexico
Geography of Oklahoma
Geography of Texas
Prémilhat

Premilhat is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
Black-hooded antshrike

The black-hooded antshrike (Thamnophilus bridgesi) is a species of bird in the Thamnophilidae family.
It is found in Costa Rica and Panama. As its name, males are mostly black, with three rows of well-marked white spots on the wings. However, females are usually brown, and only its tail is black.
References
BirdLife International 2004. Thamnophilus bridgesi. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 27 July 2007.
Tyranni
Birds of Central America
Clifford D. Simak

Clifford Donald Simak (August 3, 1904 - April 25, 1988) was an American science fiction writer. He received three Hugo Awards and one Nebula Award. He was named the third Grand Master by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA) in 1977.
Biography
Simak was born in Millville, Wisconsin to parent's John Lewis and Margaret (Wiseman) Simak. He married Agnes Kuchenberg on April 13, 1929. They had two children, Scott and Shelley. Simak attended the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He later worked at various newspapers in the Midwest. He began to work with the Minneapolis Star and Tribune (in Minneapolis, Minnesota). This went from 1939 to his retirement in 1976.
Writing career
Simak became interested in science fiction after reading the works of H. G. Wells as a child. He started writing for science fiction pulp magazines in 1931. The only science-fiction piece that he published between 1933 and 1937 was The Creator (Marvel Tales #4, March-April 1935).
In late 1937, Simak returned to science fiction. He was a regular contributor to Astounding Stories during the Golden Age of Science Fiction (1938-1950). His first publications, such as Cosmic Engineers (1939), were in the style of the earlier superscience type. He soon made his own style, which is usually described as gentle and pastoral. During this period, Simak also published a number of war and western stories in pulp magazines. His best known novel may be City, a collection of short stories with a common theme of mankind's eventual leaving from Earth.
Simak continued to write award-nominated novels during the 1950s and 1960s. Helped by a friend, he continued writing and publishing science fiction and, later, fantasy, into his 80s.
Awards
International Fantasy Award for best fiction book (1953) for City
Hugo award for best novelette (1959) for The Big Front Yard
Hugo award for best novel (1964) for Way Station
Minnesota Academy of Science Award for distinguished service to science 1967
First Fandom Hall of Fame award 1973
Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award 1976
Jupiter Award for best novel (1978) for A Heritage of Stars
Hugo award for best short story (1981) for Grotto of the Dancing Deer
Nebula award for best short story (1981) for Grotto of the Dancing Deer
Locus Award for best short story (1981) for Grotto of the Dancing Deer
Analog Analytical Laboratory award for best short story (1981) for Grotto of the Dancing Deer
Bram Stoker Lifetime Achievement award 1988
References
1904 births
1988 deaths
Writers from Minnesota
Writers from Wisconsin
American science fiction writers
Hugo Award winning writers
Nebula Award winning writers
Fenchurch Street railway station

Fenchurch Street Station is a main London Terminal. It is operated by c2c. All c2c services arrive and depart from the station. It is the main London Terminus for c2c.
Railway stations in London
1841 establishments in the United Kingdom
1840s establishments in England
Mirepeix

Mirepeix is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Mirepeix
Manfred Burgsmüller

Manfred "Manni" Burgsmuller (22 December 1949 - 18 May 2019) was a German footballer. He played as a striker and sometimes as a midfielder.
Burgsmuller was born in Essen. He appeared in 447 Bundesliga games over the course of 17 seasons, scoring 213 goals. He played mainly for Borussia Dortmund and Werder Bremen. He also played Rot-Weiss Essen, Bayer Uerdingen, 1. FC Nurnberg and Rot-Weiss Oberhausen. He also played three games for West Germany. After retirement, he played as a kicker in American football.
Burgsmuller died in Essen on 18 May 2019, at the age of 69.
References
Other websites
1949 births
2019 deaths
German footballers
Sportspeople from Essen
Surry, Virginia

Surry, Virginia is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.
Towns in Virginia
County seats in Virginia
Large format lens

A large format lens is a lens that can be used on a large format camera. These cameras usually cover an area of 4x5 inches or more. The picture taken is then recorded on photographic film, or as a digital image.
Other websites
http://www.schneideroptics.com/info/vintage_lens_data/large_format_lenses/
http://www.kenrockwell.com/tech/4x5.htm
Camera lenses
Palato-alveolar ejective affricate

The palato-alveolar ejective affricate is a sound used in some spoken languages. It is not in English.
Consonants
Led Zeppelin

Led Zeppelin was an English rock band. The group was started in 1968 and broke up in 1980. The members were Robert Plant (vocals), Jimmy Page (lead guitar), John Paul Jones (bass), and John Bonham (drums). Led Zeppelin ended in 1980 after the accidental death of John Bonham. After Bonham's death, the band believed that nobody could take his place and decided not to continue. The band played together again in a tribute concert in London on 10 December 2007 with Jason Bonham, John's son, playing the drums. The band is one of the most influential rock bands of all time and one of the most successful music artists in history, selling 300 million albums around the world.
Discography
Studio albums
Led Zeppelin (1969)
Led Zeppelin II (1969)
Led Zeppelin III (1970)
Led Zeppelin IV (1971)
Houses of the Holy (1973)
Physical Graffiti (1975)
Presence (1976)
In Through the Out Door (1979)
Mothership (2007)
Filmography
The Song Remains the Same (1976)
Led Zeppelin (DVD) (2003)
Mothership (DVD) (2007)
Other websites
Led Zeppelin: Official Site
Led Zeppelin at MySpace
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame bio
Rolling Stone Magazine bio
BBC interview with Robert Plant about the Led Zeppelin reunion
1971 interview with Led Zeppelin
Heart-Led Zeppelin Stairway to heaven-kennedy center honors
1968 establishments in England
Musical groups disestablished in 1980
1960s British music groups
1970s British music groups
1980s British music groups
English hard rock bands
English heavy metal bands
Kennedy Center honorees
Musical groups established in 1968
Musical groups from London
1980s disestablishments in England
1980 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Pesticide

A pesticide is a chemical that is used to kill or prevent small animals (or organisms) which are considered to be unwanted. These organisms are called pests. Some of these pests that people do not want are insects, microbes that destroy plants, and other things that affect humans in a bad way and it may kill humans too. Many pesticides are poisonous, and are bad for not only the organisms they kill, but for humans too. A pesticide also affects the environment
and the atmosphere.
The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants lists chemicals that are very hard to destroy, or very toxic. In total, twelve chemicals are listed. Nine of them can be used as pesticides.
Types of Pesticides
There are different types of pesticides for getting rid of different pests.
Herbicides kill weeds
Insecticides kill insects that eat plants and crops
Fungicides kill any bad fungi
Effects of Pesticides
Pesticides are used to kill pests, but many are bad for human health. They may pollute water, and go into rivers, lakes, and ponds. This will cause acid rain, and organisms living in the water can get sick and die, because the water where they live has more acid.
Pesticide is very bad for animals, especially amphibians.
Alternatives
In many cases, there are alternatives to the use of (chemical) pesticides. These include:
Use of genetic engineering
Release of other organisms to control the pests, such as predators or parasites. That way, ducks can be used in rice fields to act against snails, for example
Some foods can be processed and used to control certain pest
Use of polycultures, that is growing many different crops together, rather than just one crop.
References
Gardening
Pesticides
Pat Robertson

Marion Gordon "Pat" Robertson (March 22, 1930 - June 8, 2023) was an American evangelist and host of the 700 Club, a Christian news and talk show on television. He ran for President in 1988 against George H.W. Bush, but did not win the primaries. He said several times that natural disasters, such as Hurricane Katrina and the 2010 Haiti earthquake, were punishments from God.
Robertson died at his home in Virginia Beach, Virginia on June 8, 2023 at the age of 93.
References
1930 births
2023 deaths
American political activists
American Baptists
Anti-communists
Anti-pornography activists
Christian religious leaders
Southern Baptist Convention
Television evangelists
1988 United States presidential candidates
Zionists
Writers from Virginia
Educators from Virginia
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Politicians from Virginia
Aurach bei Kitzbühel

Aurach bei Kitzbuhel is a municipality of the district of Kitzbuhel in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Tyrol (state)
Francis Arinze

Francis Arinze (born 1 November 1932) is a Nigerian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, having served as prefect from 2002 to 2008.
He is the Cardinal Bishop of Velletri-Segni (succeeding Joseph Ratzinger, who became Pope Benedict XVI) since 2005. Arinze was one of the principal advisors to Pope John Paul II, and was thought papabile before the 2005 papal conclave, which elected Benedict XVI.
References
1932 births
Living people
Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church
Nigerian Roman Catholic bishops
Sésamo

Plaza Sesamo is the Venezuelan version of the Sesame Street television show. It was first shown in Venezuela in 1972.
Note
Children's television series
Sesame Street
1970s television series debuts
Mexican television series
Great hall

A great hall was the main room of a royal palace, a nobleman's castle or a large manor house in the Middle Ages. At that time the word great meant big. Great halls were found in France, England and Scotland and some other European countries.
Appearance
A great hall was a rectangular room between 1.5 and 3 times as long as it was wide, and also higher than it was wide. At night some members of the household might sleep on the floor of the great hall.
Examples
Two very large surviving royal halls are Westminster Hall and the Wenceslas Hall in Prague Castle. Penshurst Place in Kent, England has a hall from the 14th century. There are lots of 16th century and early 17th century halls in England, Wales and Scotland, for example those at Longleat (England), Burghley House (England), Bodysgallen Hall (Wales), Muchalls Castle (Scotland) and Crathes Castle (Scotland); however, by the late 1700s the great hall was beginning to lose its purpose over time.
Middle Ages
Gender Recognition Act 2004

The Gender Recognition Act 2004 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that allows people who have gender dysphoria to change their legal gender. It came into effect on 4 April 2005.
The Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC) appreciated the challenges to married transsexual people and their partners presented by Schedule 2 of the Act and in a recent submission to government they recommend:
The government amends the Gender Recognition Act to allow for the automatic conversion of a marriage into a civil partnership upon one member of the couple obtaining a gender recognition certificate.
References
2000s Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
LGBT politics in the United Kingdom
2004 in the United Kingdom
Gambell, Alaska

Gambell is a town in the U.S. state of Alaska. It is on St. Lawrence Island.
References
Cities in Alaska
Idle Hands

Idle Hands is a 1999 American comedy-horror movie starring Devon Sawa, Seth Green, and Jessica Alba with Elden Henson and Vivica A. Fox. It follows the life of a teen whose hand becomes possessed and goes on a killing spree, even after being cut off from his arm. The film was delayed in its release because of the Columbine massacre.
Sources
1999 comedy movies
1999 horror movies
1990s black comedy movies
Supernatural horror movies
1990s teen comedy movies
1990s teen horror movies
American black comedy movies
American teen comedy movies
American teen horror movies
Body horror movies
Comedy horror movies
English-language movies
Impact of the Columbine High School massacre
Interstate 465

Interstate 465 (I-465), also known as the USS Indianapolis Memorial Highway, is the beltway circling Indianapolis, Indiana, United States. It has a perimeter of approximately . It lies almost completely within the boundaries of Marion County. It intersects with I-65, I-69, I-70, and I-74, and provides additional access to I-65 via I-865.
References
Clytus arietis

Clytus arietis, the wasp beetle is a wasp-mimicking longhorn beetle species in the genus Clytus.Clytus arietis at the Watford Coleoptera Group website
References
Other websites
Cerambycidae
Medellín, Spain

Medellin is a village in the province of Badajoz, Extremadura, Spain. It is notable as the birthplace of Hernan Cortes in 1485 and the site of the Battle of Medellin, during the Peninsular War.
The city was named after the Roman general Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius who founded it as a military base for his operations in western Iberia. It was originally called Metellinum.
Other websites
Official website of Medellin
Municipalities in Extremadura
Takashi Kano

was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Kano was born in Tokyo Metropolis on October 31, 1920. He played for Waseda WMW which was consisted of his alma mater Waseda University players and graduates. In 1940, he won the 2nd place at 1940 Emperor's Cup. This tournament was the last Emperor's Cup before the war because Emperor's Cup was suspended for World War II from 1941 to 1945.
In March 1951, when Kano was 30 years old, he was selected the Japan national team for Japan team first game after World War II, 1951 Asian Games. At this competition, on March 7, he debuted against Iran. He also played at 1954 Asian Games and scored 2 goals. He played 7 games and scored 2 goals for Japan until 1954.
On June 4, 2000, Kano died of heart failure in Ota, Tokyo at the age of 79.
Statistics
|-
|1951||3||0
|-
|1952||0||0
|-
|1953||0||0
|-
|1954||4||2
|-
!Total||7||2
|}
References
Other websites
1920 births
2000 deaths
Footballers from Tokyo Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Homeostasis

Homeostasis is self-regulation, a basic property of all self-organising systems. In biology, it is the keeping of a stable internal environment.
Homeostasis is life's ability to stay balanced, when the environment changes. Animals keep their body in a stable condition. They do so by regulating their inner equilibrium . For example, they adjust their pH, temperature, amount of oxygen or carbon dioxide in the blood and so on. In living things, the study of how they keep in a stable condition is called physiology. Mostly, our physiology works unconsciously throughout life. We have many negative feedback systems which adjust our physiology so that we stay alive. These systems are self-organising and do not need to be learnt. They are inherited.
The concept was described by Claude Bernard, and the term was later coined by Walter Cannon in 1926, 1929, and 1932. Walter Cannon thought these were the features of homeostasis:
Constancy in an open system, such as our bodies, is done by mechanisms which maintain this constancy. Cannon based this on insights into the ways by which steady states such as glucose concentrations, body temperature and acid-base balance were regulated.
To keep a steady-state condition, any change automatically meets with factors that resist change. An increase in blood salt results in thirst as the body attempts to dilute the concentration of salt in the extracellular fluid.
The regulating system doing homeostasis has a number of cooperating mechanisms which act simultaneously or successively. Blood sugar is regulated by insulin, glucagons, and other hormones that control its release from the liver or its uptake by the tissues.
Examples of homeostasis:
The operation of a thermostat
The regulation of water and minerals in the body
The regulation of body temperature: mammals and birds have complicated systems which keep their body temperature within close limits.
In mammals, the main organs involved with homeostasis are:
The hypothalamus and pituitary gland
the lungs
the skin
the muscles
the kidneys
the liver and pancreas
The brain is also central to homeostasis. It controls behaviour, and the basic function of behaviour is to support life by taking action.
References
Related pages
Biology
Biochemistry
Physiology
Cybernetics
Physiology
Systems theory
Grimma

Grimma is a town on the banks of the river Mulde in northwestern Saxony, Germany. It is about southeast of the city of Leipzig.
References
Other websites
www.grimma.de
Leipzig (district)
Adenoid

Adenoids (also called pharyngeal tonsils, or nasopharyngeal tonsils) are tissues at the very back of the nose. They are in the part of the nose where is joins the mouth.
In most children they make a soft bump on the top and back section of the nose's air passage.
Taking away adenoids with surgery is called adenoidectomy.
Head (body part)
Honda Odyssey

The Honda Odyssey is a minivan that has been made by Honda since 1994. From 1994 to 1999, it was also sold as the Isuzu Oasis. A larger version of the minivan has been available since 1999 in North America. It was redesigned in 2005, 2011, and 2018. The 2015 model was awarded the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety's top rated pick because of its collision avoidance system.
Honda automobiles
1990s automobiles
2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
2020s automobiles
Minivans
Shyok River

The Shyok River is a river flowing through Disputed Area Ladakh and the Northern Areas of Pakistan (Ghanche District). Shyok river (a tributary of the Indus) originates from the Rimo glacier, one of the tongues of Siachen Glacier and becomes very wide at the confluence with the Nubra River (a tributary of Shyok, originating from Siachen Glacier).
The alignment of the Shyok river is very unusual, originating from the Rimo glacier it flows in a SE direction and at joining the Pangong range it takes a NW turn and flows parallel to its previous path. The Shyok flowing in a wide valley suddenly enters a narrow gorge after Chalunka and then joins the Indus at Skardu (Pakistan). The Nubra river originating from the Siachen glacier also behaves like the Shyok, before Tirit the SE flowing river takes a NW turn on meeting the river Shyok. The similarity in the courses of these two important rivers probably indicates a series of palaeo fault lines trending NW-SE in delimiting the upper courses of the rivers. The importance of the Indus River and the Shyok rivers is in the deposition of a huge thickness of Quaternary sediments a treasure trove for geology researchers.
Tributaries
The Chang Chen Mo River is formed in the vicinity of Pamzal in Changchinmo plains of Disputed Area Ladakh and flows westward. It ends when it empties into the Shyok River.
The Galwan River is in the southern part of Disputed Area Aksai Chin, Galwan originates in the area of Samzungling and flowing to the west joins the Shyok River.
The Nubra River is a tributary of the Shyok River, which flows into the Indus River. It flows in the Disputed Area Ladakh area of Disputed Area Jammu and Kashmir.
The Saltoro River begins in the skirts of the Saltoro Kangri peak ridge and flows to the southwest. Another branch starts from the slopes of the Masherbroom peak and flows to the south to join Saltoro. In the end this river empties into Shyok River near the coldest part of Pakistan the town of Khaplu.
Related pages
List of rivers of Pakistan
Tributaries of the Indus River
Gilgit-Baltistan
Kashmir
Rivers of India
Rivers of Pakistan
Jerry Pournelle

Jerry Eugene Pournelle (; August 7, 1933 - September 8, 2017) was an American science fiction writer, essayist, and journalist. He contributed for many years to the computer magazine Byte. Pournelle served as President of the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America in 1973.
References
Other websites
Jerry Pournelle at 1999 NASFiC website where he was GoH
How Jerry Pournelle got kicked off the ARPANET
Jerry Pournelle Interview at AMCtv.com
1933 births
2017 deaths
American columnists
American essayists
American journalists
American military personnel of the Korean War
American novelists
American science fiction writers
Deaths from stroke
People from Shreveport, Louisiana
American short story writers
Writers from Louisiana
American bloggers
Military people from Louisiana
The Massacre at Paris

The Massacre at Paris is a play by Christopher Marlowe. It is thought to be his last play, and probably written about 1593. Massacre is about the slaughter of Protestants on Saint Bartholomew's Day in Paris in 1572. The text is significantly flawed, and is likely an actor's recollection of the play rather than the text as Marlowe actually wrote it. What is left of the play is violent and full of jokes about stabbing and murder. As it stands, the play is impossible to perform without extensive alterations.
References
Mendel, Jolene. 2008. Christopher Marlowe. Lulu Publishing. pp. 256ff.
Plays by Christopher Marlowe
16th-century plays
Division of Kooyong

The Division of Kooyong is an Australian Electoral Division in the state of Victoria. It was one of the divisions for the first Federal election in 1901. It includes the suburbs of Kew, Hawthorn, Hawthorn East, Balwyn, Canterbury, Camberwell and Surrey Hills. It is named after the suburb of Kooyong. Kooyong is an Indigenous Australian word meaning resting place. Because of boundary changes over the years, the suburb of Kooyong is no longer in the Division and is now in the Division of Higgins.
Members
Kooyong has been held by non-Labor parties since 1901. Famous members include the Opposition Leader and later Chief Justice John Latham, Prime Minister Sir Robert Menzies and Opposition Leader Andrew Peacock.
Election results
References
Other websites
Division of Kooyong - Australian Electoral Commission
Josh Frydenberg's website
Electoral divisions of Australia
1901 establishments in Australia
Abdullah of Saudi Arabia

Abdullah bin Abdulaziz al Saud, ( ) (1 August 1924 - 23 January 2015) was the King of Saudi Arabia from 1 August 2005 until his death in 23 January 2015. He became king upon the death of his half-brother, King Fahd. He was the tenth son of Ibn Saud.
Abdullah died from complications of pneumonia at the age of 90. His half-brother Salman took his place as king.
References
1924 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Disease-related deaths in Saudi Arabia
Kings of Saudi Arabia
Knights of the Golden Fleece
Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland)
Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Prime Ministers of Saudi Arabia
James–Lange theory

The James-Lange Theory is a hypothesis about emotions. It is one of the earliest theories of emotion. The theory is that emotions come from the physiological response to what is happening around us.
It was developed independently by two 19th-century scholars, William James and Carl Lange. The basic idea of the theory is that physiological arousal triggers the experience of a specific emotion. The theory is that the physiological change is primary, and emotion is caused by the information from the body's nervous system.
The theory has been criticised and modified over the course of time. There are several competing theories.
References
Emotions
Marjane Satrapi

Marjane Satrapi is a writer and artist. She was born on November 22, 1969 in Rasht, Iran. She lives in Paris, France. Satrapi writes comics about her life. She draws the pictures herself. She also draws pictures for other children's books.
Education and Early Life
She was the only child of Marxist parents.
Satrapi's parents were educated, and taught Satrapi to think for herself. She went to high school at Lycee Francais in Tehran, Iran. When she was 14, Satrapi's parents sent her to Vienna, Austria to learn in a freer country. When Satrapi was 19, she moved back to Iran to study decorative arts at the Tehran School of Fine Arts. The change from the western world to Iran was difficult for her. In 1994, Satrapi moved to Strasbourg, France to study art for 3 years. She now lives in Paris, France.
Beliefs
Satrapi thinks countries should not spend money on weapons. She thinks they should spend money for kids to go to school in different countries. She thinks that studying in different countries helps people understand each other better.
In RandomHouse.com, Satrapi said, "I believe there are ways to solve the world's problems. Instead of putting all this money to create arms, I think countries should invest in scholarships for kids to study abroad [other countries]. Perhaps they could become good and knowledgeable professors in their own countries. You need time for that kind of change, though."
Writing and the War
Iran's Islamic Revolution against the Shah, the country's dictator, started in 1979. Satrapi's uncle was put in prison by the Shah, then murdered by people who supported the war.
Satrapi wrote a popular series of comics called Persepolis. Persepolis: The Story of a Childhood, tells about Satrapi's life, the discrimination she faced, and moving to Europe. She later wrote a sequel to Persepolis that talked about how she was treated badly for years when she went back to Iran.
Satrapi's most famous book is called Persepolis.
Persepolis is the old Persian capital. The comic book is about Satrapi's childhood in Iran during the war. This time was when country wanted to end the Shah's cruel rule. She has written three comic books relating to her life. The first and second are about her childhood. The third is about her study in different countries. She is planning to write a fourth book about her return to Iran.
Awards
- Prix Alph'art Coup de Coeur for beginning comic artist award for Persepolis-- 2001
- Prix du Lion for Persepolis-- 2001
- Prix France Info for best news comic strip for Persepolis-- 2002
- Prix Alph'art for best script for Persepolis Tome 2--2002
- Fernando Buesa Blanco peace prize for Persepolis--2003
- Prix d'Angouleme for best book of the year for Chicken and Plums--2005
References
Trickey, Erick. "Marjane Satrapi." Newsmakers. Detroit: Gale, 2006. Biography in Context. Web. 12 May 2014.
"Marjane Satrapi." Random House. Web. 15 May 2014. <http://www.randomhouse.com/author/43801/marjane-satrapi?sort=best_13wk_3month>.
"Marjane Satrapi." Authors and Artists for Young Adults. Vol. 55. Detroit: Gale, 2004.Biography in Context. Web. 12 May 2014.
1969 births
Iranian writers
Living people
Nicolo Turco

Nicolo Turco (15 January 2004 in Tortona) is an Italian football player. He plays as forward for the Austrian 2nd league team FC Liefering on loan from FC Red Bull Salzburg.
Career
Turco started his career at CFC Genoa. For the 2018/19 season he went to the youth team of Juventus Turin. He played for the Primavera team from the 2021/22 season on. He also played in the 2021/22 and 2022/23 UEFA Youth League seasons.
In July 2023, he went to the Austrian Bundesliga club FC Red Bull Salzburg. In Salzburg he was loaned to FC Liefering. He made his debut in the second division in the same month when he came on for Luka Reischl in the 45th minute against FC Dornbirn 1913 on the first day of the 2023/24 season.
National team
Turco played for an Italian youth national team for the first time in February 2019. In September 2022 he made his debut for the U-19 team. With that he also took part in the EM in 2023. He became European champion with Italy. He played in all games except the final.
References
2004 births
Living people
Italian footballers
Association football forwards
Players of FC Liefering
Eric Yarrow

Sir Eric Grant Yarrow, 3rd Baronet, MBE, DL, FRSE (23 April 1920 - 22 September 2018) was a British businessman. He was born in Surrey, England.
After serving during World War II, he worked at Yarrow Shipbuilders, in 1946, later becoming President of Yarrow plc until 1987, and was Chairman of Clydesdale Bank from 1985 to 1991.
Yarrow was appointed a Vice-President of RINA in 1972 as well as serving as Prime Warden of the Shipwrights' Company (1970-71), among other charitable activities.
Yarrow was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for military service in 1946.
Yarrow died on 22 September 2018 at the age of 98.
References
Other websites
Burke's Peerage and Baronetage
Who's Who
Profile: Eric Yarrow Frost's Scottish Who's Who
1920 births
2018 deaths
British businesspeople
British military personnel of World War II
People from Surrey
Vieux-Reng

Vieux-Reng is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 881 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
The Bible: In the Beginning

The Bible: In the Beginning is a 1966 Italian American epic religious drama movie directed by John Houston (who also stars) and was based on the first 22 chapters of The Bible. Also starring Michael Parks, Ava Gardener, Peter O'Toole, Richard Harris, George C. Scott, Franco Nero, Stephen Boyd, Ulla Bergryd, Claudie Lange, Anna Orso, Pupella Maggio and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1967.
Other websites
1966 drama movies
1960s epic movies
Italian drama movies
American drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by John Huston
20th Century Fox movies
Movies set in Rome
Movies set in Ecuador
Movies about religion
Nicolas Byron

Sir Nicolas Byron KB (1416-1503) was an English nobleman, politician, and knight. He was the younger son of Sir John Byron (died 1450). He was created a Knight of the Bath by Arthur, Prince of Wales on the occasion of Prince Arthur's marriage on 14 November 1501.
Sir Nicholas Byron married Joan Bushler, a daughter of Sir John Bushler of Haugham, Lincolnshire and Elizabeth Berkeley. He was the father of Sir John Byron (died 1567). Joan survived her husband and married Sir Gervase Clifton of Clifton, Nottingham.
Ancestry
References
1416 births
1503 deaths
Byron family
Knights of the Bath
English politicians
Wexford County, Michigan

Wexford County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, 33,673 people live here. The county seat is Cadillac.
References
1860s establishments in Michigan
1869 establishments in the United States
Michigan counties
Ugni

Ugni is a genus of plants of the myrtle family (Myrtaceae). Four species belong to this genus, all from western America.
Description
They are small evergreen shrubs. The leaves are simple, entire, opposite, elliptical; they are 1-2 cm long and 0.2-2.5 cm broad, dark green, and with a spicy scent if broken into many small pieces.
The solitary flowers are usually hanging; they are 1-2 cm diameter with four or five white or pale pink petals and many short stamens. The fruit is a small red or purple berry, 1 cm in diameter, with many seeds.
Name
The name comes from Uni with which the Mapuches (native people from south-central Chile and southwestern Argentina) name the fruits of the best known species of the genus, Ugni molinae.
The genus was formerly often included in either Myrtus or Eugenia; it is distinguished from these two genera by the hanging flowers with stamens shorter than the petals.
The Russian botanist Nicolai Stepanowitsch Turczaninow created the genus Ugni in 1849.
Where it grows
All species of this genus are found in western South and Central America, native from southern Mexico to central southern Chile and Argentina.
Species
There are four species in this genus:'
Ugni candollei (Barneoud) O.Berg: Chile
Ugni molinaeTurcz.: Chile and Argentina
Ugni myricoides (Kunth) O.Berg: Southern Mexico, Central America to Bolivia, Venezuela and northern Brazil
Ugni selkirkii (Hook. & Arn.) O.Berg: Endemic species of the Juan Fernandez Islands, Chile
Uses
Ugni molinae is grown as an ornamental plant and for its edible fruits; these fruits are also used to make jams.
References
Other websites
Ugni in Encyclopedia of the Chilean Flora
Ugni molinae at ChileBosque
Flora of Chile: Ugni
Trees and shrubs of Ecuador: Ugni
Shrubs
Myrtaceae
Communications receiver

A communications receiver is a radio receiver which is specially suited for receiving shortwave radio stations. Unlike other radio stations, shortwave stations are usually broadcast from one sender only. They can then be received all over the world. The upper class communications receivers are also able to receive differently modulated radio signals, such as single-sideband modulation.
Radio receivers
Sheng Thao

Sheng Thao (born 1985) is an American politician. She is the 51st and current Mayor of Oakland, California since 2023. She is the first Hmong-American mayor of a major city in the United States.
References
1985 births
Living people
Mayors of Oakland, California
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
People from Stockton, California
Battle of Huế

The Battle of Hue was a battle of the Vietnam War during the Tet Offensive. It happened between 31 January and 2 March 1968. Since Hue was part of an important route between Danang and the North Vietnam-South Vietnam border, Hue was an important target for communist Vietnamese soldiers to attack. The battle was one of the deadliest in the war. Even today, visitors to the city can see signs that the battle was fought in Hue. Some buildings that were damaged or destroyed were never fixed. Other buildings still have bullet holes left from the battle.
Hue
Hue
Hue
Hue
January events
February events
March events
Tet Offensive
Stephen Warnock

Stephen Warnock (born 12 December 1981) is an English football player. He plays for Aston Villa.
Club career statistics
|-
|2001/02||Liverpool||Premier League||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2002/03||Bradford City||First Division||12||1||0||0||0||0||0||0||12||1
|-
|2003/04||Coventry City||First Division||44||3||3||0||2||0||0||0||49||3
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="3"|Liverpool||rowspan="3"|Premier League||19||0||1||0||4||0||7||0||31||0
|-
|2005/06||20||1||2||0||1||0||6||0||29||1
|-
|2006/07||1||0||0||0||3||0||3||0||7||0
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="3"|Blackburn Rovers||rowspan="3"|Premier League||13||1||5||0||0||0||2||0||20||1
|-
|2007/08||37||1||0||0||2||0||5||1||44||2
|-
|2008/09||37||3||3||0||3||0||0||0||43||3
|-
|2009/10||Aston Villa||Premier League||||||||||||||||||||
183||10||14||0||15||0||23||1||235||11
183||10||14||0||15||0||23||1||235||11
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2008||1||0
|-
!Total||1||0
|}
References
1981 births
Living people
English footballers
Liverpool F.C. players
People from Lancashire
Premier League players
Shani

Shani is one of the Navagraha which are the nine main celestial beings in Hindu astrology, or Jyotisa. Shani is embodied in the planet Saturn. Shani is the Lord of Saturday; the word Shani also denotes the seventh day or Saturday in most Indian languages.
Hindu mythology
Chester, Pennsylvania

Chester is a city in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States. With a population of 33,972 at the 2010 census, it is the largest city in Delaware County. It is located on the western bank of the Delaware River between the cities of Philadelphia and Wilmington, Delaware.
References
Cities in Pennsylvania
Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System

The Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System is said to be the world's largest known fossil water aquifer system. It is underground the Eastern end of the Sahara Desert. It spans the boundaries of four countries in north-eastern Africa north-western Sudan, north-eastern Chad, south-eastern Libya, and most of Egypt.
The Great Man-made River Project (GMMR) in Libya makes use of the system. It takes water from this aquifer, about 2.4 km3 of fresh water for drinking and agriculture each year. This system is mainly used to supply water to the Kufra oasis.
References
Aquifers
Geography of Africa
Drainage basins
CNN Chile

CNN Chile is the Chilean version of CNN international. It was founded on December 4, 2008. It broadcasts 24 hours a day nationwide in Chile.
Coverage
News
Sports
Program reviews
Related pages
CNN en Espanol
Other websites
Official website
CNN
2008 establishments
21st-century establishments in Chile
Chilean television networks
Mackwiller

Mackwiller is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Archaeology
In 1955, substantial remains of a large Mithraeum were unearthed in Mackwiller by Jean-Jacques Hatt, archaeologist and director of the Musee archeologique de Strasbourg. The find has since been displayed at museum.
References
Communes in Bas-Rhin
Khalil Ullah Khan

Khalil Ullah Khan (, February 2, 1934 - December 7, 2014) was a Bangladeshi movie actor. Khalil Ullah began his acting career as a theater activist while he made his debut on the silver screen with Sonar Kajol. He then went on to star in about 800 movies. His first national award was for his role in Gunda. In 2012, he won 'Lifetime Achievement Award'.
Khan died from heart disease in Dhaka, Bangladesh, aged 80.
References
Other websites
Bangladeshi actor Khalil Ullah Khan is dead
1934 births
2014 deaths
Deaths from heart disease
Bangladeshi movie actors
Recipients of Bangladesh National Film Awards
British Rail Class 166

The British Rail Class 166 "Network Express Turbo" diesel multiple units (also known as just "Thames Turbos" ) were built by ABB at York Works from 1992-93. These units are the express version of the Class 165 "Network Turbo" units. They have a top speed of 90mph (suitable for mainline use), are carpeted throughout and have air-conditioning (the 165s lack the latter two features and it should be noted the 166 is similar to the Class 158 in terms of what it offers).
References
166
Bijou Theater

The Bijou Theater is a gay adult theater and sex club in Chicago, Illinois. It was established in 1970, and is the oldest such theater and club in the United States of America. It is located at 1349 N. Wells St. in Chicago's Old Town neighborhood.
In January 1970, the Bijou opened on the first floor of a four story Victorian. The first movie shown was Richard Nixon's Checkers speech, named after Nixon's dog Checkers. The movie that followed was a gay porn movie.
In 1980, the Bijou expanded to the second floor, where a sexual playground was established. On this floor are booths, glory holes, a dungeon with slings, and a Saint Andrew's cross. The same year, the back yard was overhauled for summer frolicking. The Bijou was opened 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. In 1984, the Bijou expanded to the third floor.
References
1970 establishments in the United States
Landmarks in Chicago
LGBT in the United States
Theatres in Chicago
1970s establishments in Illinois
Helen Hayes

Helen Hayes Brown (October 10, 1900 - March 17, 1993) was an American actress. Her career lasted for almost 70 years. Known as the "First Lady of the American Theatre", she is one of only thirteen people to win all four main American entertainment awards - Emmy, Grammy, Oscar and Tony. Hayes also received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1986, the National Medal of Arts in 1988 and was awarded at the Kennedy Center Honors in 1981. Two Broadway theaters are named after her.
Early life
Hayes was born in Washington D.C. on October 10, 1890. She was an only child. Her mother, Catherine Estelle Hayes, was an actress of Irish ancestry. Her father, Francis van Arnum Brown, was a meat salesman.
Hayes was an accomplished child. She went to a dancing school and sang very well. She began a stage career at the age of five, pushed by her mother. She also took her mother's maiden name as her stage name. By the age of ten, she had made a short movie. In 1917 Hayes graduated from the Academy of the Sacred Heart Convent in Washington.
Career
Her first sound movie The Sin of Madelon Claudet (1931) brought her Academy Award for Best Actress. The part she played in it was written by her husband, Charles MacArthur. Among her other successful movies of that time were Arrowsmith (1931), A Farewell to Arms (1932), What Every Woman Knows (1934).
Hayes liked working in theatre. Her most famous performance on Broadway was the role of Queen Victoria in a play Victoria Regina (1938). She played leading parts in Coquette (1928) and Mary Of Scotland (1933) as well. Harvey (1970) became her last hit on stage. Hayes had to retire from theatre because of her asthma condition.
She continued her work in movies. Hayes won her second Academy Award in 1970 for Airport. This time for Supporting role. During the later part of her career she was often in series and movies made for television. She successfully portrayed legendary character Miss Marple in several movies in 80s.
Personal life
Hayes met her husband, Charles MacArthur, a playwright, in 1927. They married in August of 1928. They had a daughter, Mary, born in 1930. She became involved in acting, but died from polio at age 19. In 1938 Hayes and Charles adopted a son, James MacArthur, who grew up to be an actor.
Charles MacArthur died in 1956. He had many years of illness and grief caused by his daughter's untimely death. Hayes never married again.
She published four autobiographies: A Gift of Joy (1965), On Reflection (1968), Twice Over Lightly (1972), and My Life in Three Acts (1990).
Death
Hayes died on March 17, 1993 from heart failure in the hospital of Nyack, New York. She was 92. She was buried in the Oak Hill Cemetery, next to her husband and daughter.
Movies
References
Other websites
Official site
1900 births
1993 deaths
Actors from Washington, D.C.
American autobiographers
American movie actors
American stage actors
Deaths from heart failure
Emmy Award winners
Grammy Award winners
Academy Award winning actors
Tony Award winning actors
Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
Rachel Brosnahan

Rachel Elizabeth Brosnahan (born July 12, 1990) is an American-British actress. She is known for appearing as Miriam "Midge" Maisel in Prime Video's period comedy series The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel. She won a Primetime Emmy Award in 2018 and two Golden Globe Awards in 2018 and 2019. She will play Lois Lane in the DC Universe, starting with the upcoming movie Superman: Legacy (2025). She was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
References
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Emmy Award winning actors
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
1990 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
British movie actors
British television actors
British stage actors
British voice actors
Actors from Milwaukee
Dorah Pass

Dorah Pass, also spelled and pronounced Durah Pass, connects Badakshan in Afghanistan with Chitral in Pakistan. The Dorah Pass is more than 14,000 feet (4,300 m) high. It crosses the Hindu Kush mountains. The pass became important during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan because the Soviets could not stop the flow of arms and men back and forth across the pass. Almost all the Munji-speaking people of Afghanistan fled across the border to Chitral during the War in Afghanistan.
Pamir is a high plateau sometimes called "The roof of the world" that joins Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, China and Kashmir. Marco Polo is believed to have crossed the Pamir Mountains on his way to China.
The Dorah Pass is one of the four major mountain passes that enter Chitral. The others are the Broghol Pass from the Wakhan Corridor of Afghanistan, Shandur Top from Gilgit, and Lowari Top from Dir in Pakistan.
Mountain passes of Pakistan
Peter Záboji

Peter (Balazs) Zaboji (25 December 1943 - 3 July 2015) was a Hungarian investor and entrepreneur. He has contributed significantly to the development of start up businesses in Budapest and received the highest civil recognition from the president of Hungary.
References
1943 births
2015 deaths
Businesspeople from Budapest