pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Proselyte

Proselyte, from Greek /proselytos, is used in the Septuagint for "stranger", i.e. a newcomer to Israel; a sojourner in the land, and in the New Testament (Strong's G4339 ) for a convert to Judaism from Paganism. It is a translation of the Hebrew word /ger (Strong's H1616 ).
Two kinds of proselyte in Judaism
There are two kinds of proselyte:
Ger tzedek (righteous proselytes, proselytes of righteousness, religious proselyte, devout proselyte)
Ger toshav (gate proselyte, proselytes of the gate, limited proselyte, half-proselyte)
A righteous proselyte was a Gentile who had converted to Judaism, was bound to all the doctrines and precepts of the Jewish economy, and was considered a full member of the Jewish people.
A gate proselyte was a "resident alien" who lived in the Land of Israel and followed some of the customs.
Proselytes in early Christianity
The "religious proselytes" spoken of in Early Christian writings were righteous proselytes, as distinguished from gate proselytes.
References
Related pages
Proselytism
Other websites
Petrine Proselytes
Catholic Encyclopedia: Proselyte
Jewish Encyclopedia: Proselyte
Free Online Book: 'The Path of the Righteous Gentile'
Proselyte in the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica
Biblical people
Judaism
Lowestoft

Lowestoft is a town in Suffolk.
Flint tools were found at Pakefield in south Lowestoft in 2005. This showed that humans had been living in the Lowestoft area 200,000 years ago. This means Lowestoft is one of the earliest known sites for humans in the United Kingdom.
References
Towns in Suffolk
Civil parishes in Suffolk
Port cities and towns of England
1230

Year 1230 (MCCXXX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By area
Africa
Sundiata starts to rule in Mali (approximate date).
In the West African village of Siby, Sundiata Keita, founder of the Mali Empire, forces the Malinkes to bind themselves to each other by oath.
Europe
March 9 - Bulgarian tsar Ivan Asen II defeats Theodore of Epirus near the village of Klokotnitsa.
Iberian Peninsula: Alphonso IX defeats Ibn Hud al-Yamani (known as almogaver by the Christians) at the battle of Alange. This success opens the road to Badajoz to the Leonese troops. The Portuguese king Sancho II continues his offensive southward and takes Beja, Juromenha, Serpa and Moura.
September 24 - The Kingdoms of Leon and Galicia unite with the Kingdoms of Castile and Toledo under Ferdinand III.
The Teutonic Knights are invited into Prussia to forcibly convert the Prussians and Yatvags to Christianity.
By topic
Arts
The Carmina Burana poetry and song collection is created (approximate date).
Births
Eudes of Burgundy (d. 1266)
Hu Sansheng, Chinese historian (d. 1302)
Deaths
May 2 - William de Braose (hanged)
July 28 - Duke Leopold VI of Austria (b. 1176)
September 23 - Alfonso IX of Leon (b. 1171)
October 25 - Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford, English soldier (b. 1180)
December 15 - Otakar I of Bohemia
December 23 - Berengaria of Navarre, queen of Richard I of England
Xia Gui, Chinese painter (b. c. 1180) (approximate date).
References
Eddie Hardin

Eddie Hardin (19 February 1949 - 22 July 2015), was an English rock pianist and singer-songwriter. He was best known for his associations with the Spencer Davis Group, Axis Point also Hardin and York. Hardin, along with the drummer, Pete York, left the Spencer Davis Group on 26 October 1968, due to 'differences over musical policy'.
Hardin died following a heart attack on 22 July 2015 at the age of 66.
References
1949 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
English singer-songwriters
English pianists
Singers from London
Musicians from London
Writers from London
Yuji Tsukada

Yuji Tsukada (born 28 December 1957) is a former Japanese football player.
References
1957 births
Living people
Footballers from Yamanashi Prefecture
Cerezo Osaka managers
Aubiac, Gironde

Aubiac, Gironde is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Communes in Gironde
Cary, Illinois

Cary is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
Subway Surfers

Subway Surfers is a game where the player makes their character run until they lose. The game theme has been based on a world tour since the year 2013. The game is available on the iOS, Android and Windows phone operating systems. Subway Surfers claims to be the fourth most downloaded game of all time.
References
Other websites
Subway Surfers official site
Subway Surfers official game developers' studio
2012 video games
3D platform games
Mobile games
AFI's 100 Years... 100 Stars

AFI's 100 Years... 100 Stars is a list of the top actors in Hollywood history. It was announced by the American Film Institute on June 16, 1999.
The list promised one hundred people on it, but in the end there were only fifty.
As of 2023, of the fifty stars listed, only one is still alive (Sophia Loren). At the time the list was unveiled Katharine Hepburn, Elizabeth Taylor, Shirley Temple, Lauren Bacall, Marlon Brando, Gregory Peck and Kirk Douglas were also still living.
The list
American Film Institute
Lists of actors
San Gabriel Mountains

The San Gabriel Mountains are a mountain range in southern California, in the United States. They are in both Los Angeles County and San Bernardino County. Mount San Antonio is the highest point in the mountains range, standing 10,064 feet (3,067 m) tall. The mountains separate the basin of Los Angeles in the south from the Mojave Desert in the north. The San Gabriel River and Los Angeles River are the major rivers that receive water from the mountains. California State Route 2 is the major highway that runs through the San Gabriel Mountains.
Mountains of California
Geography of Los Angeles County, California
San Bernardino County, California
Zeteny Jano

Zeteny Jano (born 13 March 2005) is an Austrian professional footballer. He plays as midfielder for Austrian Second League club Liefering. He also plays for the FC Salzburg squad in the UEFA Youth League 2021-22 and the U18 team of the Red Bull Academy.
Club career
He started in Hungary with Soproni VSE and SC Sopron. 2018 he went to SC Lichtenworth and in the same year to the Red Bull Salzburg Academy where he played in all three teams.
In February 2022 he debuted for FC Liefering when he came in for Luka Reischl in minute 74 versus SKN St. Polten. He also played five matches for FC Salzburg U19 in the UEFA Youth League 2021-22. In July 2023 he received a contract with Red Bull Salzburg until 2027. He stayed with the farm team.
International
Jano made his debut in September 2021 against Denmark for the Austrian U-17 team. In September 2022 he made his debut versus Swden for the U-18 team.
References
2005 births
Living people
Austrian footballers
Association football midfielders
Players of FC Liefering
Stefanie Scott

Stefanie Scott (born December 6, 1996) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for her role as Lexi Reed in the television series, A.N.T. Farm. She has been in TV shows and movies on the Disney Channel. She had a role in the movie No Strings Attached. She has won two Young Artist Awards and a Behind the Voice Actors Award.
References
1996 births
Living people
American child actors
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Chicago
Hof, Bavaria

Hof is a German city in the north of Franconia. The next bigger cities are Coburg, Bayreuth and Chemnitz. The population of Hof is 44,000.
It is surrounded by, but not part of, the district of Hof, so it has its own local council.
References
Other websites
Cities in Bavaria
Upper Franconia
Forstinning

Forstinning is a community in the district of Ebersberg in Upper Bavaria, Germany.
Geography
Forstinning is in the Munich region in the north of the Ebersberg district and on the northern edge of the Munich Schotterebene (a sandur) and the Ebersberg Forest. Neighbouring municipalities and unincorporated areas bordering the community are, clockwise beginning with those also in the Ebersberg district, Hohenlinden, the Ebersberg Forest (unincorporated), Anzing and Markt Schwaben, and continuing with those in the Erding district, Ottenhofen, Pastetten and Forstern.
Forstinning has only one traditional rural land unit - Gemarkung in German - also called Forstinning. Forstinning's constituent communities include Aich, Aitersteinering, Berg, Kockmuhle, Kressiermuhle, Moos, Neupullach, Niederried, Salzburg, Schussmuhle, Schwaberwegen, Sempt, Siegstatt, Steffelmuhle, Wagmuhle, Wind and Wolfmuhle.
References
Other websites
Tornado devastates Forstinning
Ebersberg (district)
Woad

Woad is a flowering plant that was cultivated to produce indigo dye. It is native to the Mediterranean, Central Asia, and Europe. It was historically produced in England, France, and Germany in medieval times. Eventually, the Indigo plant replaced woad as Europe's main cash crop that produces indigo dye. Woad also has medicinal properties, as an astringent. Romans referred to Celts of northern Britain as Picts because they used woad to heal their battle scars, producing a blue tattoo.
References
Brassicaceae
Pigments
Medicinal plants
Raorchestes munnarensis

{{Speciesbox
| image =Raorchestes munnarensis.jpg
| status =EN
| status_ref =
| status_system = IUCN3.1Q
| taxon = Raorchestes munnarensis
| authority =(Biju and Bossuyt, 2009)
| range_map =
|synonyms=*Philautus munnarensis Biju and Bossuyt, 2009Pseudophilautus munnarensis Li, Che, Murphy, Zhao, Zhao, Rao, and Zhang, 2009Raorchestes munnarensis Biju, Shouche, Dubois, Dutta, and Bossuyt, 2010
| synonyms_ref=
}}
The Munnar bush frog (Raorchestes munnarensis'') is a frog. It lives in India. Scientists have seen it in Devikulam and Munnar in the Western Ghat mountains.
First paper
References
Frogs of Asia
Dirk Bogarde

Sir Dirk Bogarde (born Derek Niven van den Bogaerde; 28 March 19218 May 1999) was a British actor and writer.
Bogarde was born in West Hampstead, London. He starred in many movies, including Victim, The Servant, Darling, Accident and Death in Venice.
Bogarde wrote novels, autobiographies and memoirs.
Bogarde was a closeted homosexual who lived with his partner Anthony Forwood (1915-1988) for nearly forty years until Forwood's death. Bogarde died of a heart attack in Chelsea, London.
References
Other websites
Actors from London
BAFTA Award winning actors
British autobiographers
Deaths from myocardial infarction
English LGBT people
English movie actors
English novelists
English stage actors
Gay men
LGBT actors
LGBT writers
Writers from London
1921 births
1999 deaths
Edmund Papinot

Jacques Edmund-Joseph Papinot (1860-1942) was a French Roman Catholic priest, academic, historian, editor, Japanologist.
Papinot is best known for creating an Historical and Geographical Dictionary of Japan which was first published in French in 1899. The work was published in English in 1906.
Career
Papinot first arrived in Japan in 1886. He taught at the Tokyo Theological Seminary for 15 years while working on his Dictionnaire japonais-francais des noms principaux de l'histoire et de la geographie de Japon.
In 1911, he left Japan for China. He returned to France in 1920.
Selected works
In an overview of writings by and about Papinot, OCLC/WorldCat lists roughly 30+ works in 100+ publications in 7 languages and 1,200+ library holdings.
This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it.
Dictionnaire japonais-francais des noms principaux de l'histoire et de la geographie de Japon, 1899
Historical and geographical dictionary of Japan, 1906
Nihon seiei (Japanese hymns), 1922 (with J. Lemarechal)
References
Other websites
Papinot, Edmund at Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)
1860 births
1942 deaths
Japanologists
French historians
Ibrahim Lodi

Ibrahim Lodi (d. 21 April 1526) was the last sultan of Delhi. He was an ethnic Pashtun. He became sultan in 1517 after Sikandar Lodi died. Sikandar was his father and Ibrahim was soon challenged by his younger brother, Jalal Kahn. Ibrahim had military skills. But unlike his father he lacked tact.
He faced a number of rebellions. The Mewar ruler Rana Sangram Singh extended his empire right up to western Uttar Pradesh and threatened to attack Agra. There was rebellion in the East also. Ibrahim Lodi also displeased the nobility when he replaced old and senior commanders by younger ones who were loyal to him. He further alienated them by throwing some of the older noblemen in prison. His Afghan nobility eventually invited Babur to invade India. In 1526, the Mughal forces of Babur, the king of Kabulistan, defeated Ibrahim's much larger army in the 1st Battle of Panipat. Ibrahim was killed during the battle. It is estimated that Babur's forces numbered around 12,000 men. His army had between 20 to 24 pieces of field artillery. Ibrahim Lodi had around 30,000-40,000 men along with at least 100 war elephants. After Ibrahim Lodi was overthrown, the mughals invaded India.
References-
Sultans
Indian royalty
Lula, Mississippi

Lula is a town in Coahoma County, Mississippi, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town had a population of 298.
References
Towns in Mississippi
Roland Guillon

Roland Guillon (born 1942) is a French sociologist, known for his work in the areas of employment and capital. He is also known for his innovative approach to jazz.
He is a research engineer at the centre of economics and ethics of environment and development of the Universite de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines. As a specialist in employment and training, he performed several missions in West Africa.
References
Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University faculty
French sociologists
Living people
1942 births
Shine On (Pink Floyd album)

Shine On is the first box set by Pink Floyd. The album was released in 1992.
1992 albums
Pink Floyd albums
Reichshofstadion

The Reichshofstadion is a football stadium in Vorarlbergs city Lustenau. It is the largest stadium in this federal state of Austria. The stadium is the homeground of SC Austria Lustenau. From 2007 till 2014 it was also used by FC Lustenau 07, the second club from Lustenau. The stadium is no called Planet Pure Stadium named after a sponsor of Austria Lustenau.
History
The stadium was built from 1952 till 1953 and was in the beginning a multipurpose stadium with a running track. During the construction of new stands the track was used so today the stadium is de facto a pure football stadium. It is the homeground of both Lustenau clubs in Austrias First league. Originally it was the homeground of Austria Lustenau, but after the promotion of FC Lustenau to the first league their stadium was not good enough for the league. The stadium offers 8 800 places, 2.126 roofed seats, 2.390 roofed and 4.284 unroofed standing room.
On 3 August 2007 the chapel of the stadium was consecrate, where fans of Austria Lustenau can merry. It is named after Hugo Kleinbrod, who cared after the 2. World War for children and orphans.
In May 2011 supporters of FC Lustenau coloured the main stand and a cash desk in their club colour blue, although they were originally green, which is Austrias colour.
References
Football stadiums in Austria
Vorarlberg
1950s establishments in Austria
Rossenges

Rossenges is a municipality of the district of Broye-Vully of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
Other websites
Official website of Rossenges
Municipalities of Vaud
Widnes

Widnes is an industrial town in the Borough of Halton, Cheshire. 61,464 people lived there at the 2011 census. It used to be in Lancashire. It is on the northern side of the River Mersey.
The Sankey Canal runs from Spike Island in Widnes to the River Mersey at Sankey Bridges, near Warrington. It opened in 1757. Widnes Dock, the world's first railway dock, was built there in 1833 when the St Helens and Runcorn Gap Railway opened.
It is a centre of the chemical industry. Soap, borax, soda ash, salt cake and bleaching powder are made there. Other industries developed including iron and copper works.
The Silver Jubilee Bridge connects the town to Runcorn on the other side of the Mersey. It opened in 1961.
References
Towns in Cheshire
Hitler (name)

Hitler is a Germanic name mostly used as a surname. It is strongly associated with the Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler.
Other people
Adolf Lu Hitler Marak, Indian nationalist and politician.
Adolf Hitler Uunona, South West African politician, councillor of Ompundja Constituency.
Hitler Nababan, Indonesian nationalist politician.
Chenjerai "Hitler" Hunzvi, Zimbabwean ultranationalist militant leader.
Heath Hitler, formerly Isidore Heath Campbell, a white supremacist known for naming his son Adolf Hitler Campbell.
Stage name
E. Hitler, early stage name of Swedish artist Eddie Meduza.
Elvis Hitler, stage name of musician Jim Leedy, lead singer of the band Elvis Hitler
Bing Hitler, early stage name of Scottish comedian Craig Ferguson.
References
Naturally aspirated engine

A naturally aspirated engine is an internal combustion engine in which air intake depends solely on atmospheric pressure and which does not rely on air forced through a turbocharger or a supercharger. Many sports cars use naturally aspirated engines due to their lack of a turbo lag. The main advantage of a naturally aspirated engine is they are usually more reliable than turbocharged or supercharged engines. Most automobile gasoline engines, as well as many small engines used for non-automotive purposes, are naturally aspirated. Most modern diesel engines powering highway vehicles are turbocharged to produce a better power-to-weight ratio. They also have better fuel efficiency and lower exhaust emissions.
References
Automotive technologies
Nicholas Shehadie

Sir Nicholas Michael Shehadie (15 November 1925 - 11 February 2018) was an Australian rugby union sportsperson and politician. He was born in Sydney. He served as Lord Mayor of Sydney from 1973 to 1975. He was a national representative rugby union captain, who made thirty career Test appearances for Australia between 1947 and 1958.
Shehadie was an inductee into both the Australian Rugby Union Hall of Fame and the IRB Hall of Fame.
From 1957 until his death, Shehadie was married to former Governor of New South Wales Dame Marie Bashir.
Shehadie died on 11 February 2018 in Sydney at the age of 92.
Orders
1 January 1971 Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for service to Local Government.
1 January 1976 Knight Bachelor for his service as Lord Mayor of Sydney.
11 June 1990 Companion of the Order of Australia (AC) for "service to the media, to sport and to community".
17 May 2001 Knight of the Order of St John
References
Other websites
Mosman Sporting Wall of Fame
Australian Lebanese Historical Society Inc.
Nicholas Shehadie Test statistics at ESPN Scrum
Wallaby Hall of Fame
Official Website of the Governor of New South Wales
1925 births
2018 deaths
Australian mayors
Australian rugby union players
Sportspeople from Sydney
Charles W. Steger

Charles William Steger Jr. (June 16, 1947 - May 6, 2018) was an American architect and engineer. He was the 15th president of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) in Blacksburg, Virginia, United States.
Steger was President during the Virginia Tech massacre of April 16, 2007, in which 32 people were killed and another 17 were injured by Seung-Hui Cho in two buildings on opposite sides of the sprawling campus. Steger called the shootings "a tragedy of monumental proportions."
On May 14, 2013, Steger announced that he would step down as the President of Virginia Tech. He was succeeded on June 1, 2014 by Timothy D. Sands, Executive Vice President for Academic Affairs and Provost at Purdue University.
Steger died on May 6, 2018 in his home in Blacksburg, Virginia at the age of 70.
References
1947 births
2018 deaths
American architects
Engineers from Virginia
Purdue University faculty
People from Richmond, Virginia
Steve Burtenshaw

Stephen Burtenshaw (23 November 1935 - 17 February 2022) was an English footballer and manager. Burtenshaw played as a wing half for Brighton & Hove Albion. He also managed Sheffield Wednesday, Everton, Queens Park Rangers and Arsenal.
Burtenshaw died on 17 February 2022, at the age of 86.
References
1935 births
2022 deaths
English footballers
English football managers
Milt Schmidt

Milton Conrad Schmidt (March 5, 1918 - January 4, 2017) was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre, coach and general manager, mostly for the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League. He was an Honoured Member of the Hockey Hall of Fame. From 2014 until his death in 2017, Schmidt was the oldest living former NHL player.
Schmidt was born on March 5, 1918 in Kitchener, Ontario. He was raised in Toronto, Ontario. Schmidt died on January 4, 2017 from a stroke in Needham, Massachusetts, aged 98.
References
1918 births
2017 deaths
Boston Bruins players
Canadian ice hockey centres
Deaths from stroke
Hart Memorial Trophy winners
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Sportspeople from Toronto
Flags of Europe

This is a list of flags used in Europe.
Flags of European countries
Danger

Danger (also risk or peril) is the possibility of something bad happening. A situation in which there is a risk of something bad happening, is called dangerous, risky or perilous.
People often take risks, or do things that might hurt them. An example of this is crossing the road without looking carefully. There is a risk that you might get hit by a car.
Anything that involves a risk of injury or to health can be described as dangerous. Smoking is dangerous to health. Being around some animals is dangerous because they might attack humans.
Measuring danger
There are a few different ways that danger can be quantified - put into numbers.
Probability
probability measures how dangerous something is. It uses a math equation to find the risk that a certain event might happen. In epidemiology, risk is defined as the number of events that did happen, divided by the number of events that could have happened. For example, if the risk of babies dying after birth in a population is reported as 1/1000, it means that out of every 1000 babies born, 1 is likely to die.
Risk and prevalence
Prevalence is the number of people in a population that have a certain disease.
Risk is the number of new cases of disease, divided by the number of people who could get the disease. For example, during an outbreak of the flu, risk would be the number of people who get the flu, divided by the number of people who were exposed to the flu virus.
Risk assessment
A risk assessment is a list of things that could go wrong. In many Western countries, when teachers take children on an outing, they may have to fill in a risk assessment form which lists the possible dangers and says what they should do to stop bad things from happening (e.g. accidents or children getting lost).
Related pages
Adventure
Threat
Safety
Epidemiology
Safety
Envy (2004 movie)

Envy is a 2004 American dark comedy movie directed by Barry Levinson and starring Ben Stiller, Jack Black, Christopher Walken, Rachel Weisz, Amy Poehler. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures and was a commercial failure.
Other websites
2004 comedy movies
American comedy movies
Movies directed by Barry Levinson
Columbia Pictures movies
2002 AFC U-17 Championship

2002 AFC U-17 Championship was held in United Arab Emirates from 6 to 22 September.
Results
Group stage
Group A
Group B
Group C
Knockout stage
References
AFC U-17 Asian Cup
2002 in association football
2002 in Asia
Football in the United Arab Emirates
Bernard Van de Kerckhove

Bernard Van de Kerckhove (8 July 1941 - 15 September 2015) was a Belgian professional road bicycle racer from 1962 to 1971. He was known for winning the 1964 Tour de France and 1965 Tour de France after which he wore the yellow jersey for two and three stages respectively.
References
1941 births
2015 deaths
Belgian cyclists
People from Hainaut (province)
Tour de France cyclists
Brantridge Park

Brantridge Park is a former royal residence in Balcombe, West Sussex, England. It was owned by Princess Alice, and her husband Alexander Cambridge, the first Earl of Athlone. Following the Athlone's departure to Canada as viceroy and viceregal consort, it was occupied by Princess Beatrice, the youngest daughter of Queen Victoria. Beatrice died there in 1945. It is now a hotel operated by Timeshare.
Royal residences in the United Kingdom
Buildings and structures in West Sussex
Sophie Hunter

Sophie Irene Hunter (born 16 March 1978) is an English avant-garde theatre and opera director, playwright, and former performer. Her career began in 2007 when she co-directed the experimental play The Terrific Electric.
She has directed an Off-Off-Broadway revival of Henrik Ibsen's Ghosts (2010).
In 2015, Hunter married actor Benedict Cumberbatch. They have three sons.
References
1978 births
Living people
English theatre directors
English playwrights
English stage actors
Power-on self test

The POST, in most computers, is a self-test that checks the OS(s) available and boots from the OS selected. POST stands for Power On Self Test. Computers that have an operating system perform a POST before loading the OS, and many imbedded systems also do a POST.
A POST usually checks the crucial, files, folders, and components. Once the POST is completed, a selected OS will take control and finish the startup process.
If the POST fails, usually a BSOD displays (Blue Screen of Death, most commonly) and offers recovery options such as safe mode.
Other tools
LKGC (Last Known Good Configuration) reverts to the last non-problematic, successful bootup. It is similar to System Restore, but its primary function is to allow the user to use the computer normally, unlike System Restore, which does not guarantee a fix. Also, LKGC is unrevertable, unless you successfully bootup again.
System Restore works by allowing the user to open a wizard, then select a "restore point". The user must restart for the point to take effect, but the system will start as normal.
System Repair is typically found on the hard disk of your computer and contains options that can be used to fix the system. However, in serious cases, the OS may need to be reinstalled.
References
Computer hardware
The Couch Trip

The Couch Trip is a 1988 American comedy movie directed by Michael Ritchie and starring Dan Aykroyd, Walter Matthau, Charles Grodin, Donna Dixon, Richard Romanus, Mary Gross, David Clennon, Chevy Chase. It was distributed by Orion Pictures and was a box office failure.
Other websites
1988 comedy movies
American comedy movies
Movies directed by Michael Ritchie
Movies set in Los Angeles
Ancient philosophy

Ancient philosophy refers to the philosophies of Ancient China, Greece, Rome, India, Iran, etc. These places had large empires before 200 BC. This time is sometimes called the Axial Age of thought. In the western world it is the birthtime of western philosophy.
Greece and Rome
Ancient philosophy in Europe refers mainly to that of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Diogenes Laertius, a 3rd-century scholar wrote Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers, which summarized the position of many Ancient Greek philosophers. This work was translated into Latin and meant that Ancient Greek philosophy remained known even after Library of Alexandria lost its influence. Most of Ancient philosophy was forgotten after the 6th century. After this, it was mainly through Islamic thinkers such as Avicenna (11th century), Averroes (12th century), or the Jewish philosopher Maimonides (12th century) that Ancient philosophy became known again. Medieval philosophy, such as that of Albertus Magnus (13th century) or Thomas Aquinas meant that the works of thinkers such as Aristotle were well known.
Other websites
Western philosophy -Citizendium
Citations
Branches of philosophy
Electoral division of Rumney

Rumney is an electoral division of the Tasmanian Legislative Council. It was created in 1999.
Rumney is in Hobart.
Election results
|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9"
! colspan="6" align="left"|After distribution of Adrian Pickin's preferences
References
Rumney
Rwanda Nziza

"Rwanda Nziza" (; "Beautiful Rwanda") is the national anthem of Rwanda.
Lyrics
Kinyarwanda original
Translations
References
African anthems
National symbols of Rwanda
Princeton, Kentucky

Princeton is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Cities in Kentucky
County seats in Kentucky
Karin Söder

Karin Ann-Marie Soder (30 November 1928 - 19 December 2015) was a Swedish Centre Party politician. She was a member of the Swedish cabinet between 1976-1978 and again in 1979. She was the first female leader of a major political party in Sweden. She also was of the first female foreign ministers in the world. She also worked successful for Systembolaget not being opened on Saturdays.
References
Other websites
1928 births
2015 deaths
Government ministers of Sweden
Teachers
Peter Noone

Peter Blair Denis Bernard Noone (born 5 November 1947 in Manchester, England) was the lead singer for the pop band Herman's Hermits. He used the nickname "Herman". He acted as a teen in the television soap opera Coronation Street.
References
1947 births
Living people
Musicians from Manchester
Members of Herman's Hermits
Francisco Javier Beltrán Manero

Francisco Javier Beltran Manero (born November 5, 1972 in Madrid) is a boccia player from Spain. He has a physical disability: He has cerebral palsy and is a BC1 type athlete. He competed at the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney, Australia. He finished third in the one person BC1 boccia game. He finished second in the BC1/BC2 team boccia game. He competed at the 2004 Summer Paralympics. He competed at the 2008 Summer Paralympics. He competed at the 2012 Summer Paralympics.
References
Spanish boccia players
Living people
1972 births
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
Spanish Paralympic bronze medalists
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
2008 Summer Paralympics
2012 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type BC1
Sportspeople from Madrid
Time in Pakistan

Pakistan has experimented with Daylight Saving Time (DST) a number of times since 2002, shifting local time from UTC+05:00 to UTC+06:00 during various summer periods, having the effect of making Pakistan counter-intuitively half an hour ahead of India during those times, even though India is generally to its east.
In 2002, DST was observed from the first Sunday in April (April 7) at 00:00 to the first Sunday in October (October 6) at 00:00. The government cabinet decided to do this "in order to make maximum use of daylight and to save energy."
In 2008, DST began on June 1, and was initially set to run through August 31 to meet the annual shortfall of 4 gigawatts of electricity instead of enforcing daily power cuts in households and factories. The government later extended the end date to October 31, including the holy month of Ramadan (which began in early September). DST was originally meant to end on August 31, 2008
In 2009, DST was observed from April 15 through October 31.
Daylight saving time is no longer observed in Pakistan.
References
Pakistan
Pakistan
Arrowsic, Maine

Arrowsic is a town in Sagadahoc County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Nambal, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Nambal is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.
Location
Nambal is a mountainous area in the east of the district bordering Kashmir, where it has trade and tribal links. The Union Council takes its name from the main village of the area - i.e. Nambal.
There are also famous villages called Leeran,Bribagla, Mujot, Langaloot, Nakthar,Mujhot,etc. at the top of a mountain with a view of Azad Kashmir, Murree and Thandiani. Because of the mountains this small valley is very difficult to get to.
Climate
The valley is full of Bhayar trees.and at the top of these villages a beautiful view of TOPA, there is beautiful forest of Bhayar tree. As these village are on a mountain it receives 3-4 feet of snow during winter. Winters are extremely cold while summers are very pleasant.
Subdivisions
The Union Council is divided into two areas Majuhan and Nambal - as part of the local government reforms of 2000 Majuhan was merged into Nambal Union Council.
References
Union Councils of Abbottabad District
Bernau am Chiemsee

Bernau am Chiemsee (Central Bavarian: Bernau am Cheamsee, written ) is a municipality in Rosenheim, a district (Landkreis) in Upper Bavaria.
References
Other websites
Homepage of the municipality Bernau am Chiemsee
Municipalities in Bavaria
Spa towns in Germany
Rosenheim (district)
The Adventures of Timmy The Tooth

The Adventures of Timmy the Tooth is a direct-to-video musical puppet series made in the early 1990s produced by Bomp Productions and MCA/Universal Home Video.
References
Other websites
IMDB
1990s television series
Children's television series
Bronson La Follette

Bronson Cutting La Follette (February 2, 1936 - March 15, 2018) was an American Democratic lawyer and politician. He was the 36th and 39th Attorney General of the state of Wisconsin. He was an unsuccessful candidate for Governor of Wisconsin in 1968.
La Follette died on March 15, 2018 at the age of 82 at a hospital in Madison, Wisconsin.
References
1936 births
2018 deaths
lawyers from Washington, D.C.
Lawyers from Madison, Wisconsin
Politicians from Washington, D.C.
Politicians from Madison, Wisconsin
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Irndorf

Irndorf is a municipality in Tuttlingen in the state of Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany.
References
Other websites
Tuttlingen
Flag of Estonia

The flag of Estonia has three colours and is made of three equal horizontal bands coloured blue (top), black, and white (bottom). Blue mirrors the sky, black the colour of the soil and national coat, and white the peoples' happiness and light. In Estonian language it is called the "sinimustvalge" (literally "blue-black-white"), after the colours of the bands. The flag was designed in the 1880s and adopted when Estonia became independent in 1918.
National symbols of Estonia
Estonia
La Porte, Texas

La Porte is a city in Harris County, Texas, United States.
Cities in Harris County, Texas
Beitar Jerusalem F.C.

Beitar Jerusalem Football Club (Hebrew: mv`dvn KHdvrgl byt"r yrvSHlym, Moadon Kaduregel Beitar Yerushalayim) is an Israeli football club from Jerusalem. The club has been controversial because of its links with the right wing politics and to the Likud party since it was created. The fans chant racist things towards Arabs.
History
The club was founded in 1936 by David Horn. He was the head of the local Betar movement. The Betar movement was a Zionist youth organisation. Most of the early players came from this group. In 1938 the club stopped playing because the manager and some of the players were arrested and deported by the British authorities in Palestine. In 1943, they were able to play again, but in 1947 the British blocked the games on the day the 1948 Arab-Israeli War started. A player was also killed when he entered a British camp. During his existence the club was very successful. The team has never been relegated from the Israeli Premier League. It was one of the original 14 Israeli Premier League teams at the time of its foundation in 1999. In the all-time table of the league Beitar ranks 4th.
The farthest they have ever gone in a European competition was in the 2016-17 Europa League where they made it to the play off round.
Current team
Stadium
The club first home was the "Banana Field" close to Beitar youth group's "nest". In the 1950s the club moved to the YMCA Stadium. Later it was shared with Hapoel Jerusalem. The YMCA was nicknamed the sandbox because the field was in a very poor condition.
In 1991 both clubs moved to the Teddy Stadium, named after longtime Jerusalem mayor Teddy Kollek. Initially the stadium was two-sided and held 12,000 spectators. This was increased to 21,600 when a third side was completed in 1997.
Seasons in the Premier League
Honours
Israeli championships
Winners: 1986/87, 1992/93, 1996/97, 1997/98, 2006/07, 2007/08
Second Division
Champions: 1953/54; 1957-58; 1966/68
State Cup
Winners: 1976, 1979, 1985, 1986, 1989, 2008, 2009, 2023
Toto Cup
Winners: 1997-98, 2009-10
Shalom Cup (Roma)
Winners: 2000
Israeli Supercup
Winners: 1976, 1986
Lilian Cup
Winners: 1985
Mini Football Championship
Winners: 1988
Other websites
Official Website
References
Israeli football clubs
Jerusalem
1936 establishments in Asia
1930s establishments in Israel
Jennifer Crystal Foley

Jennifer Crystal Foley (born Jennifer Amie Crystal; January 26, 1973) is an American actress. She is best known for her roles as Christie Parker in Once and Again and Rachel Taub on House.
Personal life
Foley was born in Los Angeles, California, the daughter of Janice (nee Goldfinger) and actor-comedian Billy Crystal. She has an older sister, producer Lindsay Crystal. In 1994, Foley graduated from Northwestern University.
She married her college boyfriend, Michael Foley, in September 2000. They have two daughters, born in 2003 and 2006.
Filmography
Film
Television
References
Other websites
1973 births
Living people
Actors from Los Angeles
American movie actors
American television actors
Anti-war movement

An anti-war movement (also antiwar) is a social movement, usually against to a nation's decision to start or continue a war. It does not matter whether the nation has a just cause for war.
The term can also refer to pacifism, which is the opposition to all use of military force during conflicts. Many activists distinguish between anti-war movements and peace movements. Anti-war activists work through protest and other peaceful means to attempt to pressure a government (or governments) to put an end to a particular war or conflict.
Related pages
Antiwar.com
Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War
Pacifism
Protests against the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
Other websites
Guide to anti-war websites by The Guardian
Essays and speeches from the Antebellum Era peace movement
Activism
War
Peace
Verónica Alcocer

Veronica Alcocer Garcia (born May 26, 1976) who has been the First Lady of Colombia since 2022. She is the wife of the former mayor of Bogota and president of Colombia, Gustavo Petro.
She spent a few years wanting to be an artist, however she later studied law.
She has a son from another marriage. Her and Petro were married in 2003 and they have two children together. During Petro's political career, she was the subject of many death threats and spying.
References
1976 births
First Ladies of Colombia
Living people
Island County, Washington

Island County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2010 census, its population was 78,506. Its county seat is Coupeville, while its largest city is Oak Harbor.
References
Washington (state) counties
19th-century establishments in Washington (state)
1852 establishments in the United States
ISO 3166-2:UA

ISO 3166-2:UA is the entry for Ukraine in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.
ISO 3166
Li Ligong

Li Ligong (; February 1925 - 6 December 2020) was a People's Republic of China politician. He was born in Jiaocheng County, Luliang, Shanxi.
He was Communist Party of China Committee Secretary of his home province from 1983 to 1991 and political commissar of the People's Liberation Army Shanxi Military District from 1983 to 1985.
He was a member of the 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China from 1982 to 1987 and 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China from 1987 to 1992.
He was a delegate to the 7th National People's Congress from 1988 to 1993 and 8th National People's Congress from 1993 to 1998.
Li died on 6 December 2020 in Beijing at the age of 95.
References
1925 births
2020 deaths
Politicians from Shanxi
Reggie Miller

Reginald Wayne Miller (August 24, 1965) is a retired American basketball player. Miller was known for being a great jump shooter during his career. He played his entire career for the Indiana Pacers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He is from Riverside, California.
Basketball players from California
Indiana Pacers players
1965 births
Living people
People from Riverside, California
National Basketball Association players with retired numbers
Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame inductees
World Community Grid

World Community Grid (WCG) is a large public computing grid to work on scientific research projects that help people. People donate time on their personal computers to the project. The software can be set up to run only when the computer is not being used for other work.
WCG began operation on November 16, 2004. It is coordinated by IBM to use their Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC) software. Software for the grid of personal computers is available for Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, and Android operating systems.
World Community Grid's research projects have performed analysis of aspects of the human genome, HIV, dengue, muscular dystrophy, cancer, influenza, rice crop yields and renewable energy.
Open projects running as of May 2015 are looking for drug treatments for the Ebola virus and HIV, seeking new materials for the next generation of solar cells, comparing genomes of many organisms, and investigating cancer genes. As of May 2015, the organization has partnered with 467 other companies and organizations to help its work, and has over 65,000 active registered users.
References
Other websites
World Community Grid website
The New York Times > Technology > Unused PC Power to Run Grid for Unraveling Disease
Computerworld announcement article (2004)
Computing
Research organizations in the United States
2004 establishments in the United States
Charities of the United States
John Bellamy Foster

John Bellamy Foster (born August 19, 1953) is editor of the independent socialist magazine Monthly Review and professor of sociology at the University of Oregon in Eugene. His writings have focused on political economy, environmental sociology, and Marxist theory.
Foster's most recent book, The Ecological Revolution: Making Peace with the Planet, examines the ecological crisis, and includes essays on global warming, peak oil, species extinction, world water shortages, global hunger, alternative energy sources, sustainable development, and environmental justice. Foster says that any attempt to solve our problems merely by technological, industrial or free market means, divorced from fundamental social relations, cannot succeed.
References
1953 births
Living people
Socialists
American sociologists
Social Democrats (Slovenia)

The Social Democrats (, Slovene abbreviation: SD) is a centre-left political party in Slovenia, currently led by Dejan Zidan. From 1993 until 2005, the party was known as the United List of Social Democrats (, Slovene abbreviation: ZLSD, ). Since 13 September 2018, the Social Democrats have been a coalition partner in the Sarec government.
References
Other websites
Official website
1990s establishments in Slovenia
1993 establishments in Europe
Social democratic parties in Europe
Ljubljana
I Zw 36

I Zwicky 36 (often shortened to I Zw 36) is a blue compact dwarf galaxy, meaning that it is small for a galaxy, that its stars are close together and that it gives off blue light. The stars in I Zwicky 36 are young for stars, no older than three million years.
Recent observations
Astronomers studied I Zw 36 (Z/14) using the Hubble Space Telescope. Before that, they took pictures using ultraviolet light using the pre-COST Faint Object Camera (FOC) and Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS). FOC seemed to show that I Zw 36 had large, hot stars but NICMOS said it had cold stars that were small or medium sized. Some evidence shows the stars were active and then the galaxy became compact and blue. The evidence of luminous and asymptotic branches of stars suggests they formed several million years ago. The giant red branches of the galaxy may have at least 1-2 billion years.
Related pages
Dwarf galaxy
References
Other websites
SIMBAD Astronomical Dabatase Results for Mrk 209
Dwarf galaxies
Ennemain

Ennemain is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
John Russell, 1st Earl Russell

John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, KG, GCMG, PC (18 August 1792 - 28 May 1878) was an English Whig and Liberal politician. He served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century.
Biography
Russell was known as "Lord John Russell", which is called a courtesy title. As the third son of the then Duke of Bedford, he was entitled to use one of the family's lower titles. Before becoming Prime Minister, he served in other important posts, such as Home Secretary, Colonial Secretary and Foreign Secretary.
1792 births
1878 deaths
United Kingdom Earls
Politicians from London
UK MPs 1812-1818
UK MPs 1818-1820
UK MPs 1820-1826
UK MPs 1826-1830
UK MPs 1830-1831
UK MPs 1831-1832
UK MPs 1832-1835
UK MPs 1835-1837
UK MPs 1837-1841
UK MPs 1841-1847
UK MPs 1847-1852
UK MPs 1852-1857
UK MPs 1857-1859
UK MPs 1859-1865
Virus classification

Virus classification is the way viruses are put into groups by scientists.
There are many different kinds of viruses. Scientists classify viruses to make it easier to learn about them. Classification also helps scientists to remember viruses and the diseases they cause. The International Committee of Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) is in charge of virus classification.
Sometimes different viruses have things in common. This is used in classification. For example, if they are made from DNA and protein, or RNA and protein. Other things that are taken into account are the size and shape of the viruses and the diseases they cause.
Similar viruses are first put into "families". Each family has a name. This family name always ends with "-viridae. For example, rotaviruses are in the Reoviridae family and herpes viruses are in the Herpesviridae family.
Viruses in any one family that are almost the same are then put in a smaller group called a "genus".
Another way of classifying viruses is called the Baltimore Classification. This is different from the ICTV one. Some scientists prefer the Baltimore Classification because it is based on how viruses grow in cells.
References
Viruses
Black Jack, Kansas

Black Jack is an unincorporated community in Douglas County, in the U.S. state of Kansas.
History
The Battle of Black Jack was fought near Black Jack Creek in 1856.
Black Jack was created in 1857. It was named after nearby Black Jack Creek. The creek was named for the Blackjack Oak trees along it. A post office was created at Black Jack in 1858. It continued to be used until 1895.
References
Unincorporated communities in Douglas County, Kansas
Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn

The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn (or Golden Dawn for short) was a magical order of secret society for the study of the occult and metaphysics. It was founded in London in 1888 by Dr. William Wynn Westcott and Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers. It ceased to exist under that name in 1903. However, two spin-off groups were created at that time, the Stella Matutina and the Alpha et Omega.
While it was popular, many well-known people joined the Golden Dawn. Some of its members included:
Algernon Blackwood
Aleister Crowley
Florence Farr
Dion Fortune
Arthur Machen
Pamela Colman Smith
Arthur Edward Waite
William Butler Yeats
Related pages
Hermeticism
Other websites
Golden Dawn FAQ
The Golden Dawn Library Project
Golden Dawn Tradition, by co-founder Dr. W. Wynn Westcott
Lots of GD material on display in Yeats exhibition including Ritual Notebooks.
1888 establishments in the United Kingdom
1903 disestablishments
Religious organizations
Occult
1900s disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Organisations based in London
Kidal Region

The Kidal Region is a region in Mali.
Cercles
Kidal Region is divided into 4 cercles that contain 11 municipalities:
Abeibara
Kidal
Tin-Essako
Tessalit
Other websites
Kidal info
Regions of Mali