pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Jinnah-Sikandar Pact

The famous Jinnah-Sikandar Pact was an agreement signed between Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan, at Lucknow, British India, October 1937.
Background
In 1937 the All India Muslim League was a weak party with very little political strength. It had lost the 1936 general elections in India quite badly. It needed more support from powerful Muslims to make it strong. The party wanted to help Muslims in India get their rights. So, in October 1937, M.A. Jinnah, the main leader of the Muslim League party, invited powerful Muslims to a conference in Lucknow city. One of the most powerful Muslim leaders was Sardar Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan, KBE (1892-1942), Premier of the Punjab province and head of the Punjab Unionist Party. He was also invited by Jinnah to this big conference.
Events
At this conference, at first most of the big and powerful Muslim leaders refused to accept Jinnah's request for help. Only Aga Khan III was ready to support him. At this time, Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan thought that it would be bad if the Muslims did not stand united to get their rights. He thought it was time for unity. So, he convinced some other big leaders to join him. These included Sir Saadullah of Assam, Molvi A.K. Fazlul Huq of Bengal, Nawab Sir Hamidullah Khan of Bhopal State and some others. They all went together and told Jinnah that they would support and help the Muslim League. A special agreement or pact was also signed at this time, between Jinnah and Sir Sikandar, called the 'Jinnah-Sikandar Pact'. This pact also said that all the Muslim members of the Punjab Unionist Party could join the Muslim League if they wanted to. Muslim people all over India were very happy to know that now, they had strong support from big leaders.
Effects
The Jinnah-Sikandar Pact was one of the most important documents and agreements of the Pakistan Movement. According to Professor Stanley Wolpert, '...it made Pakistan possible'. The Punjab was the biggest and richest province of British India. It linked together all the other Muslim areas and provinces. After this pact was signed in 1937, the Muslim League was next able to make the famous Pakistan Resolution at Lahore, Punjab, in 1940. And just seven years later, in 1947, an independent Pakistan was finally made.
Syed Amjad Ali, a Muslim leader of Punjab said that 'Thanks to the agreement reached between Jinnah and Sir Sikandar in Lucknow, the dream of Pakistan became real. All Pakistanis today should be thankful to these two great Muslim leaders and their wisdom'.
References
1937
1930s in India
Pakistan Movement
British Rail Class 77

The British Rail Class 77, also known as Class EM2, is a class of 1.5 kV DC, Co-Co electric locomotive. They were built by Metropolitan Vickers in 1953-1954 for use over the Woodhead Line between Manchester and Sheffield.
77
Sierra Blanca, Texas

Sierra Blanca is an unincorporated area in Hudspeth County, Texas, United States. It is also the county seat of Hudspeth.
References
Census-designated places in Texas
County seats in Texas
2016 United States presidential election in Connecticut

The 2016 United States presidential election in Connecticut was held on 8 November 2016. It was part of the 2016 United States presidential election, in which all other states plus the District of Columbia voted.
In the presidential election, Hillary Clinton defeated Donald Trump and received 7 electoral votes.
Presidential
Polling
Below is a table with the polling results in Connecticut. Connecticut has voted Democrat in the general election since 1992.
Results
Results by county
Primaries
Democratic
The Democratic primary occurred on 26 April 2016.
Republican
The Republican primary occurred on 26 April 2016.
Related pages
Democratic Party presidential primaries, 2016
Republican Party presidential primaries, 2016
References
Other websites
RNC 2016 Republican Nominating Process
Green papers for 2016 primaries, caucuses, and conventions
2016 Presidential primaries , ElectionProjection.com
2010s in Connecticut
2016 United States presidential election by state
Winhöring

Winhoring (Bavarian: Winaring) is a municipality in Altotting, a district (Landkreis) in Upper Bavaria.
References
Altotting (district)
Vibrating string

A vibration in a string is a wave. A vibrating string mostly produces a sound with constant frequency. As frequency characterizes the pitch, the sound produced is a constant note.
Vibrating strings are the basis of any string instrument like guitar, cello, or piano.
Related pages
String instruments
Fretted instruments
Pitch
Other websites
Java simulation of waves on a string
Physics of a harpsichord string
A study of chaotic motion in strings
Sound
Rahul Jogi

Rahul Jogi (born 21 August 1990) is an Indian politician. He has been the former national coordinator of the Indian National Congress (Backward Classes) and co-incharge of the Madhya Pradesh Congress Committee.
Early life and personal life
He started social service at the age of 14 and joined the Indian National Congress at the age of 18, he is working for the backward classes, Dalits, laborers. Shri Jogi has raised various issues in India as well as in Nepal, Bhutan, and other countries to protect the rights of the common man.
Apart from being a politician, he is also a famous industrialist and businessman, he is the owner (director) of Carry Home India Pvt Ltd, whose business is in various fields.
Birth & Education Place
Although he was born in Muzaffarnagar (Uttar Pradesh) but his native village and the home area is village Mathana near Kurukshetra and he got his early education from Government Senior Secondary School, Mathana District Kurukshetra (Haryana)
He got the opportunity to be the chief guest many times in the social program organized in the same school after receiving his primary education. He is an active politician from Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, etc.
Achievements
Mr. Rahul Jogi has contributed to various posts in the Congress Party ( Indian National Congress ). He has been a member of the Maharashtra Election Coordination Committee, co-in-charge of the Madhya Pradesh Congress Committee. He was the Star promoter of the Congress Party (Rajasthan ), He played an important role to achieve the support of the Backward Classes community in the Rajasthan Election and achieved good results.
Shri Jogi has visited about 40 thousand villages of India while doing social service, this achievement is attested by the post on his Facebook page.
His Social and Political works & His Honored
In Nepal, he was honored with special honor by former Prime Minister Shri Pushp Kamal Dahal and Deputy Prime Minister Shri Upendra Yadav, and all Nepalese parliamentarians for his valuable contribution.
Rahul Jogi did social work and helped people in many villages of India, he was received by about 7 Union Ministers and 11 Indian Parliamentarians including Union Minister Ramdas Athawale and Union Minister Krishna Raj at a ceremony organized by Republican TV and Film Union and Kalyan Foundation Mumbai. Was awarded the 7 th National Bhimrao Ambedkar Award.
Rahul Jogi is the patron of the Indian Artists Association and was honored with the Raja Ravi Varma National Award at a function organized by the high officials of the Indian Artists Association for his valuable cooperation.
Apart from this, he has been honored many times in the celebrations organized by different communities and organizations organized in the country and abroad.
References
Official Website
Official Facebook Page
Official Twitter Page
Official Koo Page
Official Linkdin Page
Official Youtube Page
Official EverybodyWiki Page
Official peoplepill Page
Official filmfreeway Page
Famdom
References
Congress of Deputies

The Congress of Deputies (; ; ; ) is the lower house of the Cortes Generales, Spain's legislative branch. The Congress meets in the Palace of the Parliament () in Madrid.
References
Government of Spain
San Marino City

San Marino is the capital of the tiny nation of San Marino. It is the third largest city in the country, after Dogana and Borgo Maggiore.
National capitals in Europe
Municipalities of San Marino
1922 Pro Patria women's international athletics competition

The 1922 Pro Patria women's international athletics competition was an international women's athletics competition organised by Dutch athletics club R.A.V. Pro Patria on 27 August 1922. The competition was the earliest women's international athletics competitions in the Netherlands, with the 100 metres being the first event. It was organised by Pro Patria as celebration of the opening of their own new sports field at the Vlaggenmastkade in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
A team of the Netherlands and a team of the German Berliner Turn Verein. Jahn Neukoln participated. The competition consisted of a 100 metres event and a 4x 100 metres relay.
During the day also men's national athletics competitions took place. In the morning junior events and in the afternoon men's events.
Entrants
On 21 August the first names were announced for the competition.
From the Netherlands the Dutch national record holder and national champion in the 80 metres Annie van de Blankevoort of club Rozenburg was part of the competition. Besides of her, four athletes of G.S.V. completed the "Rotterdam" team.
From Germany the club of Berliner Turn Verein. Jahn Neukoln was invited, including national champion Margarete Furchheim.
Negotiations had been made to bring club Crefeldsche Athletiek Veriein. "Der Comet". However, the club didn't come to the competition.
Opening ceremony
Mister C. van der Ende (president-camp judge) was the first speaker. In kind words he complimented the present clubs. After his speach the flag of Pro Patria was raised. The next three speakers were Seton in name of athletics club R.V.B.; D. van Krevelen in name of the athletic association of South Holland (Z.H.A.B.) and Hartog in name of O.D.I.. The athletics club G.S.V. handed over a laurel wreath. Then G. Buff answered the row of speakers. Mr. Balfoort (Physical Education Inspector) thereafter thanked for his presence. Finally, Mr Van der Ende gave the signal to start.
Records
At the time there was not yet an official Dutch national record in the 100 metres. Before the competition newspapers mentioned the "best performance" in the 100 m of Annie van de Blankevoort with a time of 13.1 seconds.
Competition
The women's international competitions were held under good weather conditions in the afternoon of 27 August 1922.
100 metres
Semi-finals
Semi-final 1
Source:
Semi-final 2
The German Margarete Furchheim won her semi-final and ran with remarkable ease 8 metres ahead of De Bock.
Semi-final 3
Final
4x 100 metres relay
The relay event was an easy win for the Rotterdam team.
Related pages
1924 Westfalen-Twente athletics competition
References
Women's athletics
Sport in the Netherlands
Sport in Germany
Pro Patria women's international athletics competition
Pro Patria women's international athletics competition
Cabinet of Japan

The is the executive branch of the government of Japan.
Current Cabinet of Japan
The members of the current cabinet of Japan headed by the Liberal Democratic Party lawmaker Yoshihide Suga as of 23 June 2021 are as follows.
References
The Japan Times. "Cabinet Profiles" [since 2008]. The Japan Times Online. Accessed 13 October 2012 from: https://web.archive.org/web/20040623111921/http://www.japantimes.com/cabinets.htm
Cabinet Secretariat, Office of Cabinet Public Relations, Japan (2003). Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet. Retrieved 28 Oct. 2003 from: http://www.kantei.go.jp/foreign/index-e.html
Hunter, Janet (1984). Concise Dictionary of Modern Japanese History. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, pp. 266-324, Appendix 5: Japanese Cabinets Since the Introduction of the Cabinet System in 1885 [to 1980].
Government of Japan
Panzer Dragoon Saga

Panzer Dragoon Saga, known in Japan as , is a fantasy role-playing video game in the Panzer Dragoon series. It was made by Team Andromeda and published by Sega for the Sega Saturn in 1998.
References
1998 video games
Sega Saturn games
Role-playing video games
Video games developed in Japan
Henri Schwery

Henri Schwery (14 June 1932 - 7 January 2021) was a Swiss prelate of the Catholic Church. He was Bishop of Sion from 1977 to 1995. He was promoted to cardinal in 1991. Schwery was born in Saint-Leonard, Switzerland.
Schwery died at a retirement home in St-Leonard on 7 January 2021, aged 88.
References
1932 births
2021 deaths
Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church
Swiss people
Doksy

Doksy () is a town of the Ceska Lipa District in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic.
References
Other websites
Official website
Towns in the Czech Republic
Liberec Region
Bloodshy & Avant

Bloodshy & Avant are a music producing and songwriting duo. They are from Sweden. It is made up of Christian Karlsson (Bloodshy) and Pontus Winnberg (Avant).
The duo worked with a number of high-profile artists. That includes Britney Spears, Kylie Minogue, Madonna, Ms. Dynamite, Christina Milian, Kelis and Jennifer Lopez.
Musical duos
Swedish musical groups
Swedish composers
2000s music groups
Robert III, Count of Worms

Robert III (800-834), also called Rutpert, was the Count of Worms and Rheingau of a noble Frankish family called the Robertians. It has been suggested that he was the son of Robert II, Count of Hesbaye. He was the father of Robert the Strong.
French nobility
800 births
834 deaths
Cramont

Cramont is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Velvel Pasternak

Velvel Pasternak (October 1, 1933 - June 11, 2019) was a Canadian-born American musicologist, conductor, arranger, producer and publisher. He was born in Toronto, Ontario to immigrant parents from Poland. Pasternak studied at Juilliard School and Columbia University, and specialized in Jewish music. In 1981, The New York Times Times called him "largest publisher of Jewish music." He was the founder of Tara Publications. He was responsible for publishing 26 recordings and over 150 books of Jewish music starting in 1971.
Pasternak died in New York City on June 11, 2019, at the age of 85.
References
1933 births
2019 deaths
American composers
American conductors
American record producers
Jewish American musicians
Musicians from New York City
Musicians from Toronto
Musicologists
Defense of the Ancients

Defense of the Ancients (often called DotA) is an unofficial map of the game Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos and the expansion pack Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne. It is not officially supported by Blizzard Entertainment. This is a team strategy game that is intended mainly for teams of three against three or five against five. More rarely, it is played by teams of two or one on one.
Since its original release, DotA has become a feature at several worldwide tournaments, including Blizzard Entertainment's BlizzCon and the Asian World Cyber Games, as well as the Cyberathlete Amateur and CyberEvolution leagues; Gamasutra declared that DotA was perhaps the most popular "free, non-supported game mod in the world". Valve Corporation developed the sequel, Dota 2.
Gameplay
The main task of the players is to enter the enemy team's base, and destroy the main building called "Ancient". Every 30 seconds the main buildings spawn minions that automatically go and attack all enemy units in their way. With their help you can push the enemy base and kill enemy heroes faster. Towers and other structures protect this building. Players must destroy these first because until then, the main building is unable to be destroyed. The team who destroys the opposing team's building automatically wins. The player controls a hero with whom they advance to the opponent's base. Your hero becomes more powerful with time, you must gather experience and gold because then you are abbe to buy powerful items. The forces of both sides are the same, except for differences in the ability of players. You can choose from over hundred different characters with different abilities. Heroes are divided to a several classes
Tanks ( Heavy armored heroes with good hit points gain per level )
Nukers ( Heroes with spells that dealt massive damage )
Carries ( Heroes who are very good damage dealers in late game )
Supports ( Heroes that can support another heroes with spells like healing )
The map is balanced and axially symmetrical.
References
Blizzard Entertainment
Real-time strategy video games
Ceylon Petroleum Corporation

Ceylon Petroleum Corporation (CEYPETCO) is the national oil and gas company of Sri Lanka. It was set up as a state enterprise by Act. No. 28 of 1961 in parliament and further amendments carried out subsequently. It is Sri Lanka largest petroleum suppler and largest company.
History
1960s
1962 The Corporation commenced business in competition with other Oil Companies who operating in the country at that time.
1964 The Ceylon Petroleum Corporation took over the entire business of import, sale and distribution of petroleum products with the country. The Kolonnawa Oil Installation, regional bulk depots and retail outlets with operated under three different oil companies prior to nationalisation was subject to several transformations and improvements of their facilities to perform its operations as one entity. Since then, new bulk depots/ retail outlets were constructed and storage capacity of Kolonnawa Installation & regional depots were increased. A Fire & Safety Division was set up with the introduction of a new fire hydrant systems and the internal road network was improved to facilitate operational and maintenance activities. The gantry filling facility was improved to suit replenishment of large capacity bowers introduced in mid 90's.
1968 To ensure regular supplies and conserve foreign exchange, the Corporation build a 38,000 BPD Refinery at a cost Rs. 175 million.
1969 The refinery commenced production. The refining capacity was subsequently increased to 50,000 BPD by increasing the crude distiller capacity in 1979. Another important project that was completed in same year was the installation of Lubrication Oil Blending Plant at the Kolonnawa Installation. The Corporation entered in to the Agrochemical business in competition with the private sector, with a view to market agrochemical at competitive prices.
1970s
1971 The Bunkering operation at the Ports and Aviation Re-fuelling activities were integrated in to the Corporation by further amendments to the CPC Act.
1978 The Corporation build a factory to manufacture Nylon 6 yarn to textile, tires & finishing industries at a cost of Rs. 603 million.
Since 1980s
1987 In order to reduce freight on crude oil and to meet the development plan of the Colombo port, a Single Point Buoy Mooring (SPBM) facility was installed 9.2 km off shore Colombo port. The project was commissioned in 1987 together with an intermediate crude oil storage tank farm at Orugodawtte at a total cost of Rs. 1.764 billion.
1992 The Corporation took further steps to modernise the Refinery and increase its efficiency by the revamping the crude distiller unit in 1992 at a cost of Rs. 250 million.
References
Other websites
1962 establishments in Asia
Companies of Sri Lanka
Petrol companies
Burstall

Burstall is a village and civil parish in Babergh, Suffolk, England. In 2001 there were 189 people living in Burstall.
References
Civil parishes in Suffolk
Villages in Suffolk
Settlements in Babergh
Christine Barnetson

Christine P. Barnetson was a swimmer from Australia. Barnetson competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics. She was born on 5 March 1948 and died on 19 June 2019.
References
Other websites
1948 births
2019 deaths
Australian swimmers
Australian Olympians
Sportspeople from Perth, Western Australia
Saint-Pol-de-Léon

Saint-Pol-de-Leon () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistere department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Finistere
Sequoia (genus)

Sequoia is a genus of redwood trees in the Cupressaceae family. It includes the largest trees in the world. The only living species of the genus is Sequoia sempervirens, the coast redwood, in northern California and southern Oregon in the United States. Several other species have been named from fossils, but are now extinct. These include Sequoia affinis, Sequoia chinensis in China, Sequoia langsdorfii, Sequoia dakotensis of South Dakota, and Sequoia magnifica. Other related species of the subfamily Sequoioideae include Sequoiadendron Giganteum, the Giant Sequoia and Metasequoia Glyptostroboides, the Dawn Redwood.
The oldest known fossils in the Sequoia genus are those of Sequoia jeholensis, which have been found in Jurassic deposits of southern Manchuria. By the late Cretaceous it had spread to other parts of China, Europe, and western North America.
Giant sequoia are much more recent in the fossil record, appearing 25 million years ago. They grow only in 75 groups across 35,600 acres in California, near the Sierra Nevada mountains. These groups were formed as a protection from logging. The most famous area with giant sequoia trees is Sequoia National Park. The park was made as the second national park, after the Yellowstone in 1980. The Sequoia National Park is managed with Kings Canyon National Park. Together, the two parks are called Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. Several trees in Sequoia National Park have even been named, for example General Grant, the Grizzly Giant or General Sherman.
References
Cupressaceae
Plants of North America
Jim Henderson (politician)

Donald James Henderson (August 7, 1940 - May 2, 2020) was a Canadian politician. He was a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1985 to 1995. He represented the ridings of Humber and Etobicoke--Humber. He was born in Sudbury, Ontario.
Henderson died in Toronto on May 2, 2020 from problems caused by Parkinson's disease and COVID-19, aged 79.
References
1940 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada
Politicians from Toronto
Eloisa Cabada

Eloisa Cabada is a volleyball player from Mexico. Eloisa competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics. She was born on 1 October 1948.
References
Other websites
1948 births
Living people
Mexican Olympians
Mexican volleyball players
David Cross

David Cross (born April 4, 1964) is an American comedian and actor who is known for playing Ian Hawke in the Alvin and the Chipmunks series and for voicing Crane in Kung Fu Panda 1, 2, and 3.
Influences
Cross stated comedians like Bill Hicks, Richard Pryor, Bill Maher, Dennis Miller, Jerry Seinfeld, Lenny Bruce, Mort Sahl, Denis Leary, George Carlin and Sam Kinison as influences.
Acting
Space Ghost: Coast to Coast - himself
Aqua Teen Hunger Force - Happy Time Harry, Burt Banana
Kung Fu Panda - Crane
Alvin and the Chipmunks - Ian Hawke
Alvin and the Chipmunks: The Squeakquel - Ian Hawke
Alvin and the Chipmunks: Chipwrecked - Ian Hawke
Small Soldiers - Irwin
Kung Fu Panda 2 - Crane
The Post
1964 births
Living people
American movie actors
American voice actors
American television actors
Actors from Atlanta
Hester Shaw

Hester Shaw, later known as Hester Natsworthy, is the lead heroine of Philip Reeve's Mortal Engines Quartet.
Background and life
Hester Shaw, aged around fifteen at the beginning of the Quartet, is the daughter of Thaddeus Valentine and Pandora Shaw. She was raised by Shrike.
Hester is portrayed as having copper hair and gray eyes. She has a scar which cut her face from forehead to jaw, a wrenched mouth, a stump nose, and a single eye.
The character's surname comes from Shaugh Prior.
Role
In the first novel of the Mortal Engines Quartet (known in US as The Hungry City Chronicles), Mortal Engines, her botched assassination attempt on Thaddeus Valentine led to Tom Natsworthy and set off a chain of events that would change a course of history.
In other media
In the Mortal Engines student short film made in 2009, Alyssa Burnett plays Hester. One of her photos are mistakenly identified as a cosplay.
There is a 28mm figure based on Hester Shaw.
In Mortal Engines, the film adaptation of the first book, Hester is portrayed by twenty-eight-year-old Icelandic actress Hera Hilmar as an adult, while the young Hester is played by New Zealand child actress Poppy Macleod. Her scar is heavily toned down, and she is aged to her twenties. Hilmar described her character as challenging to play. Christian Rivers, the director of the film, addressed the fan criticism over Hester's scar, stating that audiences would be "put off the film" if it were more true to the books. The author acknowledged the difference. Other changes include: she lost her mother when she was eight and she fought Valentine aboard his airship.
Related pages
Mortal Engines Quartet
References
Predator Cities
Punisher

The Punisher ('Francis " Frank " Castle, born Castiglione) is a fictional character. He appears in American comic books published by the Marvel Comics.
The Punisher (whose real name is Frank Castle) is a vigilante who uses unorthodox methods like murder, torture, and kidnapping in his crusade against crime. His family was murdered in New York City's Central Park after witnessing a mafia assassination. Frank Castle then turned into the "Punisher", a man who vowed to kill criminals, terrorists and gangsters of all kinds. Castle also wears a kevlar costume with the peculiar design of a human skull in his chest, of which, according to Castle himself, acts both as a distraction and a tool of intimidation, as it would draw the attention of criminals in that direction, and instead of aiming at his head, they would shoot his costume, which he wore with a rather solid armor beneath. In addition, his skull symbol has psychologically affected many of the criminals he faced off.
Creation
The character was created by writer Gerry Conway and artists John Romita Sr. and Ross Andru. The Punisher made his first appearance in The Amazing Spider-Man #129 (cover-dated February 1974). He was first depicted as an assassin and adversary of the superhero Spider-Man.
Portrayal
In feature films, Dolph Lundgren portrayed the character in the 1989 movie The Punisher. Then Thomas Jane did in the 2004 movie The Punisher, and Ray Stevenson in 2008's Punisher: War Zone.
Jon Bernthal portrayed the character in the second season of Daredevil and the spin-off The Punisher, set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).
Marvel Comics characters
Carbonation

Carbonation is the process of carbon dioxide dissolving in a liquid. For example, carbon dioxide is added to flavored water under pressure to make it "fizz" as a carbonated water soft drink.
Geology
When rain passes through the atmosphere, it takes in or mixes with carbon dioxide, turning it into a weak carbonic acid. When the rain falls in limestone, it dissolves the calcium carbonate in the rock, turning it into calcium bicarbonate and taking it away. Holes and large cracks can form in the rock. Such a place is called karst. If a stream or river passes through it, it could be swallowed up by a hole called a swallow hole. It can go through a series of underground caves and may appear on the surface again. An example of a karst area is the Burren National Park, in County Clare, Ireland.
Chemistry
Carbon dioxide is weakly soluble in water, therefore it separates into a gas. The process of carbon dioxide bubbling out (effervescing) from a solution is represented by the following chemical reaction. This shows aqueous carbonic acid converts to carbon dioxide and water:
Biochemistry
Carbonation also describes the incorporation of carbon dioxide into chemical compounds. Carbon-based life originates from a carbonation reaction that is most often catalysed by the enzyme RuBisCO. This carbonation process is so important that a significant fraction of leaf mass consists of this carbonating enzyme.
References
Matter
Physics
Geochemistry
12 Apostles (record label)

12 Apostles is an independent record label based in London, England and Brooklyn, USA. 12 Apostles Records specialises in 12 inch vinyl record releases that are distributed by Cargo International in the UK.
Artists on 12 Apostles label
Dsico
Girl talk
Hamster Dragster
Oh Astro
ROC
Ollo
The Mavs
Related pages
List of record labels
Other websites
Official website
12 Apostles on MySpace
British record labels
American record labels
Indie music record labels
2000 establishments
Independent record labels
Marcus Terentius Varro

Marcus Terentius Varro Reatinus (116 - 27 BC) was a Roman writer. He wrote many books, but only one work survives completely - Three books on Agriculture. In this work, he describes farming in Roman times.
Scholars say this book has a little microbiology and epidemiology. Varro warned his contemporaries to stay away from swamps and marshes:
...there are bred certain minute creatures which cannot be seen by the eyes, but which float in the air and enter the body through the mouth and nose and cause serious diseases.
References
110s BC births
20s BC deaths
Ancient Roman writers
Mid Devon

Mid Devon is a borough in the county of Devon in South West England. Its administrative headquarters are in Tiverton.
Mid Devon
Mantidfly

Mantidflies are insects in the family Mantispidae. They are small to moderate-sized insects in the order Neuroptera. There are many genera with around 400 species worldwide, especially in the tropics and subtropics. Only 5 species of Mantispa occur in Europe.
Description and ecology
Some mantidflies are wasp mimics, but most are brownish with green, yellow and sometimes red hues.
They get their name from their mantis-like appearance, as their spiny "raptorial" (raptor-like) front legs are modified to catch small insect prey and are very similar to the front legs of mantids. The adults are predatory insects that are often nocturnal, and are sometimes attracted by porch lights. They have four membranous wings which may sometimes be patterned (especially in wasp mimicking species) but are usually clear. Adult mantidflies are predators of suitably sized insects, which they catch as mantids do. Mantidflies are active hunters, but as with other Neuroptera, they are cumbersome fliers.
Their larvae are either parasitoids or predators. Subfamily Symphrasinae larvae are parasitoids on bee, wasp or scarab beetle larvae. Larvae of the subfamily Calomantispinae are predators of small arthropods.
Larvae of the subfamily Mantispinae seek out female spiders or their egg sacs which they then enter; the scarab-like larvae then feed on the spider eggs, draining egg contents through a piercing/sucking tube. Then they pupate in the egg sac.
References
Neuroptera
Bürserberg

Burserberg is a municipality of the district Bludenz in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg.
References
Settlements in Vorarlberg
Kalua

Kalua is a Hawaiian cooking method. The word "kalua" means "to cook in an underground oven" in Hawaiian. The oven is a hole in the ground called an imu. Kalua is most often used to cook pig. Kalua pig is a popular food at luaus.
Ancient Hawaiians used rocks from rivers to cook pig. They heated the rocks in the imu and the pig cooked with steam. They covered the pig with banana leaves, ti leaves, old mats and then dirt to keep the heat inside. This produced a unique taste that cannot be reproduced.
People today kalua pig in the same way that ancient Hawaiians did. Kalua pig is still served at luaus.
Other websites
Hawaiian Luau: No-Imu Kalua Pig - Emeril Legasse's recipe for kalua pig.
Culture of Hawaii
Cooking methods
Doc Holliday

John Henry "Doc" Holliday (August 14, 1851 - November 8, 1887) was an American gambler, gunfighter, and dentist. He was a close friend and associate of lawman Wyatt Earp.
Holliday is best known for his role in the events leading up to and following the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral. He killed more than a dozen men, but modern researchers have said that Holliday killed only one to three men. He was born in Griffin, Georgia.
Holliday died of tuberculosis at a hotel room in Glenwood Springs, Colorado on November 8, 1887 at the age of 36.
References
1851 births
1887 deaths
Deaths from tuberculosis
American murderers
People from Georgia (U.S. state)
Fjuckby

Fjuckby is a village in Uppsala Municipality, Uppsala County, Sweden.
It is known as a place for runestones, the village's unusual name has generated international interest. Prior to the 1930s, the village was known as Fjukeby. In the 1930s, the spelling of the name of this small historic town was changed to Fjuckby.
References
Other websites
Maps, Weather, and Airports for Fjuckby, Sweden
Uppsala County Administrative Board
Settlements in Uppsala County
A Huge Ever Growing Pulsating Brain That Rules from the Centre of the Ultraworld

"A Huge Ever Growing Pulsating Brain That Rules From the Centre of the Ultraworld" is a mix of a song by the ambient house group The Orb. The song is about being in love with a beautiful person. The song was at first a Minnie Riperton song called Lovin' You. The Orbs version was first sold in October 1989 and was in the UK Singles Chart in 1990, at number 78. In April 1991, it was sold as part of the album The Orb's Adventures Beyond the Ultraworld. The name is taken from a sound effects track from Blake's 7 on BBC Sound Effects No. 26 - Sci-Fi Sound Effects called "The Core, A Huge Evergrowing Pulsating Brain which Rules from the Centre of Ultraworld".
History
In 1989, The Orb, with Martin "Youth" Glover, developed the musical style of ambient house using samples. The best of their musical work came when The Orb recorded music for John Peel on BBC Radio 1. The song, then known as "Loving You", was made quickly with many sound effects and samples from science fiction radio plays, nature sounds, and Minnie Riperton's "Lovin' You". Before the song was sold by record company Big Life, The Orb changed the name to "A Huge Ever Growing Pulsating Brain That Rules From the Centre of the Ultraworld". After the first week of sale Minnie Ripertons record company forced Big Life to remove her voice from the song. After the first week another singer sang the song.
The Orbs version of the song was 19 minutes long and became number 78 on the UK Singles Chart.
Tracklisting
12": WAU! Mr.Modo / MWS 17T (UK)
"Loving You [orbital mix]" (19:07)
"Loving You [bucket and spade mix]" (5:50)
"Loving You [why is six scared of seven?]" (5:30)
12": WAU! Mr.Modo / MWS 017R (UK)
"A Huge Ever Growing Remix (orbital dance mix)" (7:05)
"A Huge Ever Growing Remix (orbital radio mix)" (3:34)
"A Huge Ever Growing Remix (aubry mix mk 2)" (8:38)
First sold January 1990
CD: Big Life / BLR 27 OCD (UK)
"Loving You [orbital mix]" (19:07)
Called "compactdisc"
First sold June 1990, re-issued March 1994 [BLRDB 27]
CD: Big Life / BLR 27CD (UK)
"A Huge Ever Growing Pulsating Brain... (orbital dance mix)" (8:20)
"A Huge Ever Growing Pulsating Brain... (orbital 9am radio mix)" (3:15)
"A Huge Ever Growing Pulsating Brain... (aubrey mix mk1)" (6:06)
Labeled as "Jimmy Cauty Remixes"
"aubrey mix mk1" is an edit of "aubrey mix mk11"
Called "Compactdisco"
First sold June 1990, re-issued March 1994 [BLRDA 27]
References
1989 songs
Darnestown, Maryland

Darnestown is a census-designated place and an unincorporated place in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States.
Census-designated places in Montgomery County, Maryland
Arsenide

Arsenide is an ion. Its chemical formula is As3-. Most arsenides have arsenic in its -3 oxidation state. Ionic arsenides are very basic and are strong reducing agents. Most arsenides are more metallic, like zinc arsenide. Arsenides react with acids to make arsine gas.
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Nitride
Phosphide
Antimonide
Arsenic compounds
Ions
Overexposed (album)

Overexposed is the fourth studio album by American pop rock band Maroon 5. The album was released on June 26, 2012 under A&M/Octone Records in the United States. The album was announced on March 26, 2012 on the group's newsletter. The album's producers consist of One Republic frontman Ryan Tedder, Benjamin "Benny Blanco" Levin, Max Martin, and Shellback. The lead single off the album "Payphone" was released on April 16, 2012. It features rapper Wiz Khalifa. The song peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart and number-one on the Digital Songs chart. It sold 490,000+ digital downloads within its first week beating out the previous toppers Black Eyed Peas with their hit single "I Gotta Feeling."
On May 18, 2012 the band performed the song "One More Night" in Atlantic City publicly for the first time. It was announced on May 22nd that it would serve as the album's second single before the time of the album's release on June 26, 2012. And the third and fourth singles of the album were "Daylight" and "Love Somebody".
Production
The Maroon 5' members started writing the songs for Overexposed during their Hands All Over Tour.
Track listing
"One More Night"
"Payphone" (featuring Wiz Khalifa)
"Daylight"
"Lucky Strike"
"The Man Who Never Lied"
"Love Somebody"
"Lady Killer"
"Fortune Teller"
"Sad"
"Tickets"
"Doin' Dirt"
"Beautiful Goodbye"
Bonus tracks
"Wipe Your Eyes"
"Wasted Years"
"Kiss" / "Let's Stay Together"
"Payphone" (featuring Wiz Khalifa) (Cutmore Remix)
"Payphone" (featuring Wiz Khalifa) (Supreme Cuts Remix)
"Payphone" (featuring Wiz Khalifa) (The Others Remix) (Preorder Only)
"One More Night (The Sticky K. Remix)
Release history
2012 albums
Maroon 5 albums
Mars (chocolate bar)

The Mars Bar or Mars is a chocolate bar made by Mars, Incorporated. It is made of chocolate-malt nougat topped with a layer of caramel and covered with milk chocolate.
It was first manufactured in 1932 in England, and was advertised to the trade as being made with Cadbury's chocolate couverture. Mars is also sold in the United States, under the "Milky Way" name.
References
Candy
Tanjore District (Madras Presidency)

Tanjore District was one of the districts in the erstwhile Madras Presidency of British India. It covered the area of the present-day districts of Thanjavur, Tiruvarur and Nagapattinam and the Aranthangi taluk of Pudukkottai District in Tamil Nadu.Thanjavur was a centre of Chola cultural heritage and one of the richest and most prosperous districts in Madras Presidency.
Tanjore district was constituted in 1799 when the Thanjavur Maratha ruler Serfoji II ceded most of his kingdom to the British East India Company in return for his restitution on the throne. Tanjore district, which is situated on the Cauvery Delta, is one of the richest rice-growing regions in South India. It was scarcely affected by famines such as the Great Famine of 1876-78.
Demographics
Tanjore District covered a total area of 9,600 square kilometres (3,710 sq mi). It had a population of 2,245,029 in 1901. The population density was 234 inhabitants per square kilometre (605/sq mi). As per the 1901 census statistics, Tanjore was the fifth most populous district in the Madras Presidency and the second most densely populated after Madras city.
According to the 1901 census, 91 percent of the population was Hindu, 5 percent Muslim and 4 percent Christian. Among Hindus, Paraiyars (310,391), Vanniyars (235,406), Vellalars (212,168), Kallars (188,463), Pallars (159,855), Valaiyars (137,216), and Brahmins (118,882) were the most numerous. Kallars were mainly found in the western part of Tanjore and Pattukkottai taluks. Tanjore had the third highest Brahmin population in the Madras Presidency (more than 6%) after South Canara and Ganjam and the highest among the Tamil-speaking districts. Most of the Muslims were Marakkayars or Labbais and concentrated in Kumbakonam taluk where they formed the majority in the towns of Ayyampettai, Rajagiri and Pandaravadai apart from Koothanallur in Mannargudi taluk. They were also found in large numbers in the Negapatam and Pattukkottai taluks. More than a third of the total Christian population of the district lived in Tanjore taluk. There were a total of about 600 Jains chiefly concentrated in the Tanjore and Mannargudi taluks.The chief Muslim places of worship were located in Tanjore and Muttupet apart from the Nagore dargah.
Tamil was spoken as mother tongue by an overwhelming majority of the population while Telugu was spoken by about 3%. Other languages spoken include Marathi (13,651) and Saurashtrian or Patnuli.
Reference
Madras Presidency
Anonymous work

Anonymous works are works, such as art or literature, made by someone who is anonymous. Some authors or artists choose to keep their identity a secret; others cannot reveal their names for legal reasons. In 2007, The Washington Post published an article by an anonymous author describing the use of national security letters by the FBI. In this case, the author, who would have preferred to be named, could not reveal his or her identity because it was against the law.
Some anonymous works are not created by people who choose to be anonymous, but their creators are unknown (not by choice). With some very old or ancient works, the creator's name may simply be lost over the course of history, or historians are not sure. In such cases the author is often referred to as Anonymus, the Latin form of "anonymous". In the United States it is legally defined as "a work on the copies or phonorecords of which no natural person is identified as author."
Related pages
Pseudonym
Literature
Intellectual property law
Antonio Martino

Antonio Martino (22 December 1942 - 5 March 2022) was an Italian politician. He was the minister of foreign affairs in 1994 and minister of defense from 2001 to 2006 during the Silvio Berlusconi governments. He was a founding member of Forza Italia.
Martino died on 5 March 2022 in Rome, aged 79.
References
1942 births
2022 deaths
Italian politicians
Italian economists
Italian educators
People from Messina
List of districts of Puducherry

Puducherry is a union territory of India. It has four administrative divisions: four districts, viz. Pondicherry, Mahe, Yanam and Karaikal. Pondicherry district has the largest area and population. Mahe district has the smallest area and population. All the four districts retained borders of the French India, and were organised as a union territory of Puducherry after the de facto transfer of French India territories to India in 1954.
Districts
References
Puducherry
Sorgues

Sorgues is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Vaucluse department in the south of France.
Communes in Vaucluse
Palos Park, Illinois

Palos Park is a village in Illinois in the United States.
References
Villages in Illinois
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
White Settlement, Texas

White Settlement is a city in Tarrant County, Texas in the United States.
Cities in Texas
Settlements in Tarrant County, Texas
Chester W. Nimitz

Chester William Nimitz, Sr. (; February 24, 1885February 20, 1966) was an American fleet admiral of the United States Navy. He played a major role in the naval history of World War II as Commander in Chief, United States Pacific Fleet (CinCPac), for U.S. naval forces and Commander in Chief, Pacific Ocean Areas (CinCPOA), for U.S. and Allied air, land, and sea forces during World War II.
Nimitz was born in Fredericksburg, Texas. He studied at the United States Naval Academy. Nimitz died in Yerba Buena Island, San Francisco, California from pneumonia caused by a stroke, aged 80.
Related pages
USS Nimitz (CVN-68)
Guadalcanal Campaign
Battle of Midway
Battle of Okinawa
References
Other websites
National Museum of the Pacific War
USS Nimitz Association
Nimitz-class Navy Ships at Federation of American Scientists
Nimitz State Historic Site in Fredericksburg, Texas
"The Navy's Part in the World War," (26 Nov 1945) . A speech by Nimitz from the Commonwealth Club of California Records at the Hoover Institution Archives.
1885 births
1966 deaths
Admirals
American military personnel of World War I
American military personnel of World War II
Deaths from pneumonia
Deaths from stroke
Military people from Texas
Caswell County, North Carolina

Caswell County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. In 2000, 23,501 people lived there. Its county seat is Yanceyville.
History
Caswell County was made in 1777 from the northern part of Orange County. In 1792 the eastern half of Caswell County was made into Person County.
Government
Caswell County is part of the local Piedmont Triad Council of Governments.
Connected counties
These counties are connected to Caswell County:
Pittsylvania County, Virginia - north
Halifax County, Virginia - northeast
Person County, North Carolina - east
Orange County, North Carolina - southeast
Alamance County, North Carolina - southwest
Rockingham County, North Carolina - west
Cities and towns
These cities and towns are in Caswell County:
Milton
Yanceyville
Other websites
Caswell County government official website
Caswell County Historical Association
North Carolina counties
1777 establishments in North Carolina
Jaroslav Šerých

Jaroslav Serych (; 27 February 1928 - 23 March 2014) was a Czech artist. He mainly worked as a painter, printmaker, and illustrator. He was born in Nemecky Brod, Czechoslovakia (now Havlickuv Brod, Czech Republic).
Serych died on 23 March 2014 in Prague. He was 86 years old.
References
Other websites
Jaroslav Serych works at the ArtBohemia website
1928 births
2014 deaths
Czech artists
Czech painters
People from Prague
Vincenzo Cerundolo

Vincenzo Cerundolo (20 December 1959 - 7 January 2020) was an Italian medical researcher. He was the director of the Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit at the John Radcliffe Hospital. He was a professor of immunology at the University of Oxford. He was also a Supernumerary Fellow at Merton College, Oxford. He was known for his discoveries in processing and presentation of cancer and viral peptides to T cells and lipids.
Cerundolo was born in Lecce. He was married and had two children. He died in January 2020, at the age of 60.
References
1959 births
2020 deaths
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Fellows of the Royal Society
Immunologists
Italian scientists
People from Lecce
Villeneuve-la-Guyard

Villeneuve-la-Guyard is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Nancy Hollister

Nancy Hollister (born May 22, 1949, Marietta, Ohio) is an American politician. She was the first (and as of 2021, the only) female governor of Ohio. Hollister was also the shortest operating governor of the state. Her term began on New Year's Eve 1998 and ended on January 11, 1999. Before that, Hollister operated as the 60th lieutenant governor of the state from January 9, 1995 until December 31, 1998. Hollister is a United States Republican Party member.
Hollister began her political career in 1980. She first entered the public office when she was elected to the Marietta City Council that year. Four years later, Hollister was elected Mayor of Marietta. She operated as such until 1991.
From January 5, 1999 until almost 2005, Hollister worked in the Ohio House of Representatives.
References
Republican Party (United States) politicians
United States representatives from Ohio
Lieutenant Governors of Ohio
Governors of Ohio
American mayors
1949 births
Living people
Sillian

Sillian is a market town in the district Lienz in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Tyrol (state)
Stan Kirsch

Stanley Benjamin Kirsch (July 15, 1968 - January 11, 2020) was an American actor, screenwriter, director, and acting coach. He was born in New York City. He has made guest appearances in some TV shows including JAG, Family Law, and Friends.
Kirsch appeared in the short-lived Saturday morning TV series Riders in the Sky and on the soap opera General Hospital in 1992.
On January 11, 2020, Kirsch was found dead in his Los Angeles home, aged 51. The cause of death was suicide by hanging.
References
1968 births
2020 deaths
Suicides by hanging in the United States
American television actors
Educators from New York City
Screenwriters from New York City
Movie directors from New York City
Japanese name

A Japanese name has a surname () and a given name (), there are unusual surnames. Some people have the same first name and same name. Sato (), is the most famous surname.
Names
Japan
Fraubrunnen District

The district of Fraubrunnen in the Swiss canton of Bern has 27 municipalities in an area of 123.5 km2.
Former districts of Bern