1923

1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar. The Julian calendar was made obsolete starting that year, though Eastern Orthodox churches still use the Julian Calendar.
Events
January 1 - Grouping of all UK railway companies into four larger companies
January 10 - Lithuania seizes and annexes Memel
January 11 - Troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area to force Germany to pay its reparation payments
February 16 - Howard Carter unseals the burial chamber of Pharaoh Tutankhamun
February 22 - Barcelona (Catalonia): Albert Einstein visits the city, invited by the scientist Esteban Terradas i Illa, as part of the monografics course of High Studies and Exchange organized by the Mancomunitat de Catalunya and conducted by Rafael de Campalans.
March - Antigone by Jean Cocteau appears on a Paris stage. Settings by Pablo Picasso, music by Arthur Honegger, and costumes by Gabrielle Chanel. Antonin Artaud played the part of Tiresias.
March 1 - USS Connecticut decommissioned
March 2 - Time Magazine hits newsstands for the first time
March 9 - Vladimir Lenin suffers a stroke, his third, which renders him bedridden and unable to speak; consequently he retires his position as Chairman of the Soviet government.
April - End of Irish Civil War
April 12 - Kandersteg International Scout Centre came into existence.
April 23 - Ceremonial inauguration of Gdynia Seaport
April 26 - Wedding of Prince Albert and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon in Westminster Abbey
May 23 - Launch of Belgium's SABENA Airlines
May 27 - Ku Klux Klan defies law requiring publication of its members
June 9 - Military coup in Bulgaria - prime minister Aleksandar Stamboliyski is ousted (he is killed June 14)
June 18 - Etna volcano erupts - 60.000 made homeless
Births
January
January 15 - Lee Teng-hui, 4th President of the Republic of China (d. 2020)
January 25 - Arvid Carlsson, Swedish neuroscientist (d. 2018)
January 31 - Norman Mailer, American writer and journalist (d. 2007)
February
February 4 - Conrad Bain, Canadian-American actor (d. 2013)
February 4 - Belisario Betancur, 26th President of Colombia (d. 2018)
February 12 - Franco Zeffirelli, Italian film director (d. 2019)
March
March 22 - Marcel Marceau, French actor (d. 2007)
April
April 5 - Nguyen Van Thieu, 2nd President of South Vietnam (d. 2001)
April 23 - Krastyu Trichkov, Bulgar politician
May
May 7 - Anne Baxter, American actress (d. 1985)
May 10 - Heydar Aliyev, 3rd President of Azerbaijan (d. 2003)
May 27 - Henry Kissinger, 56th United States Secretary of State
May 28 - N. T. Rama Rao, Indian actor, director and politician (d. 1996)
May 31 - Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (d. 2005)
June
June 25 - Sam Francis, American painter (d. 1994)
July
July 6 - Wojciech Jaruzelski, 1st President of Poland (d. 2014)
July 11 - Richard Pipes, Polish-American academic and political expert (d. 2018)
July 22 - Bob Dole, American politician (d. 2021)
August
August 2 - Shimon Peres, 9th President of Israel (d. 2016)
August 10 - Rhonda Fleming, American actress (d. 2020)
September
September 16 - Lee Kuan Yew, 1st Prime Minister of Singapore (d. 2015)
October
October 4 - Charlton Heston, American actor and political activist (d. 2008)
October 5 - Glynis Johns, Welsh stage and film actress, dancer, pianist and singer
October 15 - Italo Calvino, Italian writer (d. 1985)
November
December
December 13 - Philip W. Anderson, American Nobel physicist (d. 2020)
Deaths
February 10 - Wilhelm Rontgen, German physician and Nobel Prize laureate
Nobel Prize
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine won by Frederick Banting, Canadian doctor, and John James Rickard Macleod, Scottish physiologist