January 14

January 14 is celebrated as New Year's Day by those still following the Julian calendar.
Events
Up to 1900
1301 - Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Arpad Dynasty in Hungary.
1343 - Arnost of Barbudice becomes the last Bishop of Prague.
1539 - Spain annexes Cuba.
1639 - "Fundamental Orders": The first written Constitution that created a government is created in Connecticut.
1724 - King Philip V of Spain abdicates the throne.
1784 - American Revolutionary War: The United States ratifies a peace treaty with England.
1814 - Frederick VI of Denmark gives Norway to Sweden in return for Pomerania.
1822 - Greek War of Independence: Acrocorinth is captured by Theodoros Kolokotronis and Demetrios Ypsilantis.
1832 - American writer Edgar Allan Poe publishes his first short story, "Metzengerstein".
1858 - Napoleon III of France escapes an assassination attempt.
1897 - Matthias Zurbriggen becomes the first person to climb Aconcagua, in Argentina, the highest mountain in the Southern hemisphere.
1900 - Giacomo Puccini's opera Tosca is performed for the first time, at the Teatro Constanzi in Rome.
1901 2000
1907 - A magnitude 6.5 earthquake hits Kingston, Jamaica, killing 1,600 people.
1911 - Roald Amundsen's South Pole expedition lands on the eastern Ross Ice Shelf.
1917 - Japanese warship Tsukuba sinks after fire and an explosion in Yokosuka Bay, killing 200 of the 817 on board.
1938 - Norway claims Queen Maud Land in Antarctica.
1943 - World War II: Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill begin the Casablanca Conference to discuss strategy and study the next phase of the war.
1943 - Franklin D. Roosevelt becomes the first President of the United States to travel via airplane while in office (Miami, Florida to Morocco to meet with Winston Churchill to discuss World War II).
1950 - The first prototype of the MiG-17 makes its maiden flight.
1952 - NBC's long-running news program Today is broadcast for the first time, with host Dave Garroway.
1953 - Josip Broz Tito is inaugurated as President of Yugoslavia.
1954 - Marilyn Monroe marries baseball star Joe DiMaggio.
1957 - Jagadguru Kripalu Maharaja is named the fifth Jagad guru (meaning "world teacher") after giving seven days of speeches in front of 500 Hindu scholars.
1960 - The Reserve Bank of Australia is created.
1967 - The Human Be-In, takes place in San Francisco's Golden Gate Park, launching the Summer of Love. Between 20,000 and 30,000 people attend.
1968 - The Soviet Union launches the Soyuz 4 probe.
1969 - An accidental explosion on the ship USS Enterprise near Hawaii kills 27 people.
1972 - Queen Margrethe II of Denmark ascends the throne, the first Queen of Denmark since 1412 and the first Danish monarch not named Frederick or Christian since 1513.
1973 - Super Bowl VII: The Miami Dolphins defeat the Washington Redskins. The Dolphins become the first NFL team to go undefeated in a season.
1979 - The first Paris-Dakar Rally reaches its finish line in Dakar, Senegal.
1980 - Indira Gandhi becomes Prime Minister of India for a second time.
1994 - U.S. President Bill Clinton and Russian President Boris Yeltsin sign the Kremlin accords.
1998 - Researchers in Dallas, Texas present findings about an enzyme that slows aging and cell death (apoptosis).
1998 - An Afghan cargo plane crashes into a mountain in southwest Pakistan killing more than 50 people.
1999 - Major snowfall affects Toronto, and Mayor Mel Lastman calls the army in to help with emergency evacuations.
2000 - A United Nations tribunal sentences five Bosnian Croats to up to 25 years for the 1993 killing of over 100 Muslims in a Bosnian village.
From 2001
2004 - The national flag of Georgia, the so-called "five cross flag", was restored to official use after a hiatus of some 500 years.
2005 - Landing of the Huygens probe on Saturn's moon Titan.
2011 - Arab Spring: In the wake of anti-government demonstrations, Tunisia's President Zine El-Abidine Ben Ali dissolves the government and resigns from office.
2015 - Giorgio Napolitano resigns as President of Italy at the age of 89 for age and health reasons. Pietro Grasso becomes Interim President.
2015 - Two climbers, Kevin Jorgesen and Tommy Caldwell, become the first people to successfully climb El Capitan in Yosemite National Park, California.
2016 - Bomb attacks in Jakarta kill 5 attackers and 2 civilians.
2016 - Jimmy Morales becomes President of Guatemala.
2019 - Mayor of Gdansk Pawel Adamowicz dies of injuries sustained in a stabbing the previous evening, aged 53.
Births
Up to 1800
83 BC - Mark Antony, Roman politician (d. 30 BC)
47 BC - Marcus Antonius Antyllus, Roman son of Mark Antony (d. 30 BC)
38 BC - Nero Claudius Drusus, Roman politician and military commander (d. 9 BC)
1131 - King Valdemar I of Denmark (d. 1182)
1273 - Joan I of Navarre (d. 1305)
1451 - Franchinus Gaffurius, Italian music theorist (d. 1522)
1477 - Hermann of Wied, German Catholic archbishop (d. 1552)
1507 - Catherine of Austria, Queen of Portugal (d. 1578)
1615 - John Biddle, English theologian (d. 1662)
1683 - Gottfried Silbermann, German instrument maker (d. 1753)
1684 - Johann Matthias Hase, German mathematician, astronomer and cartographer (d. 1742)
1684 - Jean-Baptiste van Loo, French painter (d. 1745)
1699 - Jakob Adlung, German organist, teacher, instrument maker, musician, theologian and historian (d. 1762)
1700 - Picander, German poet (d. 1764)
1702 - Emperor Nakamikado of Japan (d. 1737)
1705 - Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier, French governor (d. 1786)
1730 - William Whipple, American politician (d. 1785)
1741 - Benedict Arnold, American-British general (d. 1801)
1751 - Corona Schroter, German musician (d. 1802)
1767 - Maria Theresa of Austria, Queen of Saxony (d. 1829)
1793 - John C. Clark, American politician (d. 1852)
1798 - Johan Rudolf Thorbecke, Dutch politician (d. 1872)
1801 1900
1801 - Adolphe Brongniart, French botanist (d. 1876)
1806 - Charles Hotham, Governor of Victoria (d. 1855)
1806 - Matthew Fontaine Maury, American astronomer, historian and oceanographer (d. 1873)
1818 - Zacharias Topelius, Finnish-Swedish writer (d. 1898)
1819 - Dimitrie Bolinteanu, Romanian poet and politician (d. 1872)
1835 - Marcelo Spinola y Maestre, Spanish cardinal (d. 1906)
1836 - Henri Fantin-Latour, French painter (d. 1904)
1840 - Hilarion Daza, President of Bolivia (d. 1894)
1841 - Berthe Morisot, French painter (d. 1895)
1845 - Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne, British Governor General of Canada and Viceroy of India (d. 1927)
1850 - Jean de Reszke, Polish operatic tenor (d. 1925)
1858 - P. J. Kennedy, American businessman and politician (d. 1929)
1861 - Mehmed VI, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1926)
1863 - Manuel Gomes da Costa, Portuguese politician (d. 1929)
1863 - Richard F. Outcault, American comic strip creator (d. 1928)
1875 - Albert Schweitzer, Alsatian physician (d. 1965)
1875 - Felix Hamrin, shortest-serving Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1937)
1883 - Nina Ricci, Italian-French fashion designer (d. 1970)
1886 - Hugh Lofting, English writer (d. 1947)
1887 - Hugo Steinhaus, Polish mathematician (d. 1972)
1892 - Martin Niemoller, German theologian and Resistance activist (d. 1984)
1892 - Hal Roach, American movie producer (d. 1992)
1897 - Hasso von Manteuffel, German general and politician (d. 1978)
1899 - Carlos P. Romulo, Filipino politician and diplomat (d. 1985)
1901 1950
1901 - Alfred Tarski, Polish logician and mathematician (d. 1983)
1901 - Bebe Daniels, American actress (d. 1971)
1904 - Cecil Beaton, English photographer (d. 1980)
1905 - Takeo Fukuda, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1995)
1911 - Anatoly Rybakov, Russian writer (d. 1998)
1913 - Motoo Tatsuhara, Japanese footballer (d. 1984)
1919 - Giulio Andreotti, Italian politician, Prime Minister of Italy (d. 2013)
1919 - Andy Rooney, American journalist (d. 2011)
1920 - Bertus de Harder, Dutch footballer (d. 1982)
1921 - Murray Bookchin, American libertarian socialist (d. 2006)
1925 - Yukio Mishima, Japanese writer (d. 1970)
1926 - Mahasweta Devi, Indian writer (d. 2016)
1926 - Warren Mitchell, English actor (d. 2015)
1926 - Sid Sheinberg, American lawyer and studio executive (d. 2019)
1926 - Tom Tryon, American actor (d. 1991)
1928 - Ali Akbar Moinfar, Iranian politician (d. 2018)
1930 - Kenny Wheeler, Canadian jazz trumpeter and composer (d. 2014)
1931 - Caterina Valente, French-Italian singer, dancer and actress
1934 - Richard Briers, English actor (d. 2013)
1936 - Reiner Klimke, German equestrian (d. 1999)
1938 - Morihiro Hosokawa, former Prime Minister of Japan
1938 - Allen Toussaint, American singer (d. 2015)
1938 - Leo Kadanoff, American physicist (d. 2015)
1939 - J. Bernlef, Dutch writer (d. 2012)
1940 - Julian Bond, American activist (d. 2015)
1940 - Trevor Nunn, British movie and theatre director
1941 - Faye Dunaway, American actress
1941 - Barry Jenner, American actor
1941 - Milan Kucan, Slovenian statesman
1942 - Ian Brayshaw, Australian cricketer and footballer
1943 - Mariss Jansons, Latvian conductor
1943 - Ralph M. Steinman, Canadian immunologist, posthumous (after death) Nobel Prize winner (d. 2011)
1943 - Shannon Lucid, American astronaut
1943 - Manfred Wolke, German boxer
1943 - Angelo Bagnasco, Italian cardinal
1944 - Peter Fechter, first person to be shot dead at the Berlin Wall (d. 1962)
1944 - Nina Totenberg, American journalist
1945 - Einar Hakonarson, Icelandic artist
1945 - Maina Gielgud, British ballet dancer
1946 - Harold Shipman, British doctor and serial killer (d. 2004)
1947 - Bev Perdue, American politician, 73rd Governor of North Carolina
1948 - Jocky Scott, Scottish football manager
1948 - Valeri Kharlamov, Soviet-Russian ice hockey player
1948 - T-Bone Burnett, American rock musician
1949 - Lamar Williams, American musician (d. 1983)
1949 - Ilyas Salman, Turkish actor, movie director, author, screenwriter and musician
1950 - Jagadguru Rambhadracharya, Indian religious leader, scholar and author
1951 1975
1952 - Calin Popescu-Tariceanu, Romanian Prime Minister
1952 - Teitur Thordarson, Icelandic footballer
1952 - Konstantinos Iosifidis, Greek footballer
1952 - Maureen Dowd, American singer
1953 - Denzil Douglas, 2nd Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis
1955 - Dominique Rocheteau, French footballer
1957 - Stuart Timmons, American historian and academic (d. 2017)
1959 - Nguyen Le, Vietnamese-French jazz guitarist and composer
1961 - Mike Tramp, Danish singer
1963 - Steven Soderbergh, American director
1964 - Mark Addy, British actor
1965 - Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall, British chef
1965 - Jill Saward, British campaigner (d. 2017)
1966 - Marco Hietala, Finnish singer and bassist
1966 - Dan Schneider, American screenwriter, movie producer and actor
1967 - Zakk Wylde, American guitarist, pianist and singer
1967 - Emily Watson, British actress
1968 - LL Cool J, American rapper and actor
1969 - Dave Grohl, American musician
1969 - Jason Bateman, American actor
1970 - Imam Samudra, Indonesian terrorist (d. 2008)
1971 - Lasse Kjus, Norwegian skier
1971 - Bert Konterman, Dutch footballer
1971 - Antonios Nikopolidis, Greek footballer
1973 - Giancarlo Fisichella, Italian race car driver
1975 - Georgina Cates, English actress
From 1976
1977 - Narain Karthikeyan, Indian racing driver
1978 - Shawn Crawford, American athlete
1979 - Soprano, French rapper
1980 - Carlos Alvarado Quesada, President of Costa Rica
1981 - Pitbull, American rapper
1982 - Caleb Followill, American singer (Kings of Leon)
1982 - Victor Valdes, Spanish footballer
1985 - Shawn Sawyer, Canadian figure skater
1986 - Yohan Cabaye, French footballer
1989 - Adam Clayton, English footballer
1989 - Frankie Bridge, English singer (The Saturdays)
1989 - Liu Xiaodong, Chinese footballer
1990 - Lelisa Desisa, Ethiopian runner
1990 - Grant Gustin, American actor
1991 - Jeanine Mason, American actress and dancer
1992 - Robbie Brady, Irish footballer
1994 - Abi Phillips, English actress and singer-songwriter
1994 - Ross Murdoch, Scottish swimmer
1997 - Tolmachevy Sisters, Russian singers and actresses
1999 - Declan Rice, English-Irish footballer
Deaths
Up to 1900
1092 - Vratislaus II of Bohemia (b. 1032)
1163 - Ladislaus I of Hungary (b. 1131)
1235 - Saint Sava, Serbian archbishop and saint (b. 1175)
1301 - King Andrew III of Hungary (b. 1231)
1331 - Odoric, Italian explorer (b. 1286)
1648 - Caspar Barlaeus, Dutch polymath (b. 1584)
1676 - Francesco Cavalli, Italian composer (b. 1602)
1679 - Jacques de Billy, French mathematician (b. 1602)
1701 - Tokugawa Mitsukuni, Japanese daimyo (b. 1628)
1742 - Edmond Halley, English scientist (b. 1656)
1753 - George Berkeley, Irish philosopher (b. 1685)
1766 - Frederick V of Denmark (b. 1723)
1786 - Meshech Weare, Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1713)
1786 - Michael Warne, English composer (b. 1741)
1867 - Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres, French painter (b. 1780)
1872 - Greyfriars Bobby, world famous dog (b. 1856)
1874 - Johann Philipp Reis, German inventor (b. 1834)
1883 - Napoleon Coste, French guitarist and composer (b. 1806)
1892 - Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence (b. 1864)
1898 - Lewis Carroll, English writer and mathematician (b. 1832)
1901 2000
1905 - Ernst Abbe, German physicist (b. 1840)
1907 - Sir James Fergusson, 6th Baronet, Scottish Governor of New Zealand (b. 1832)
1908 - Holger Drachmann, Danish poet and dramatist (b. 1846)
1920 - John Francis Dodge, American automobile pioneer (b. 1864)
1923 - Zubeyde Hanim, mother of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (b. 1857)
1934 - Ioan Cantacuzino, Romanian physician and bacteriologist (b. 1863)
1937 - Jaishankar Prasad, Indian poet, dramatist and novelist (b. 1889)
1945 - Heinrich Schroth, German actor (b. 1871)
1949 - Joaquin Turina, Spanish composer (b. 1882)
1951 - Gregorios Xenopoulos, Greek novelist, journalist and playwright (b. 1867)
1952 - Artur Kapp, Estonian composer (b. 1878)
1957 - Humphrey Bogart, American actor (b. 1899)
1960 - Ralph Chubb, British poet (b. 1892)
1965 - Jeanette MacDonald, American actress and singer (b. 1903)
1966 - Sergey Korolyov, Soviet engineer (b. 1907)
1966 - Bill Carr, American athlete (b. 1909)
1972 - King Frederick IX of Denmark (b. 1899)
1976 - Tun Abdul Razak, 2nd Prime Minister of Malaysia (b. 1922)
1977 - Anthony Eden, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1897)
1977 - Peter Finch, British actor (b. 1916)
1977 - Anais Nin, French-American writer (b. 1903)
1978 - Kurt Godel, Austrian mathematician (b. 1906)
1978 - Harold Abrahams, English sprinter, lawyer and journalist (b. 1899)
1981 - John O'Grady, Australian writer (b. 1907)
1984 - Ray Kroc, American fast food entrepreneur (b. 1902)
1986 - Daniel Balavoine, French singer-songwriter (b. 1952)
1986 - Donna Reed, American actress (b. 1921)
1987 - Douglas Sirk, German-American director (b. 1900)
1988 - Georgy Maximilianovich Malenkov, Soviet politician (b. 1902)
1999 - Muslimgauze, British musician (b. 1961)
1999 - Jerzy Grotowski, Polish theatre director (b. 1933)
From 2001
2004 - Uta Hagen, German-American actress (b. 1919)
2006 - Shelley Winters, American actress (b. 1920)
2009 - Jan Kaplicky, Czech-British architect (b. 1937)
2009 - Ricardo Montalban, Mexican-American actor (b. 1920)
2010 - Bobby Charles, American singer (b. 1938)
2010 - Petra Schurmann, German actress, model and presenter (b. 1933)
2011 - Mississippi Winn, American supercentenarian (b. 1897)
2012 - Txillardegi, Basque writer and politician (b. 1929)
2013 - Conrad Bain, Canadian-American actor (b. 1923)
2014 - Juan Gelman, Argentine poet (b. 1930)
2014 - Mae Young, American wrestler (b. 1923)
2015 - Zhang Wannian, Chinese general (b. 1928)
2015 - Bob Boyd, American basketball player (b. 1930)
2015 - Lotte Hass, Austrian model and underwater diver (b. 1928)
2015 - Mordechai Shmuel Ashkenazi, Israeli rabbi (b. 1943)
2015 - Nelida Romero, Argentine actress (b. 1926)
2015 - Jerry Dempsey, American politician (b. 1933)
2015 - Warren Weinstein, American economist (b. 1941)
2016 - Alan Rickman, English actor (b. 1946)
2016 - Shaolin, Brazilian cartoonist and humorist (b. 1971)
2016 - Leonid Zhabotinsky, Soviet-Ukrainian weightlifter (b. 1938)
2016 - Rene Angelil, Canadian singer and manager (b. 1942)
2016 - Franco Citti, Italian actor (b. 1935)
2016 - Ellen Meiksins Wood, American historian and scholar (b. 1942)
2016 - George Carroll, American lawyer and politician (b. 1922)
2016 - Rajesh Vivek, Indian actor (b. 1949)
2017 - Surjit Singh Barnala, Indian politician (b. 1925)
2017 - Yama Buddha, Nepalese rapper (b. 1987)
2017 - Mohammed bin Faisal Al Saud, Saudi royal and businessman (b. 1937)
2017 - Zhou Youguang, Chinese linguist and supercentenarian (b. 1906)
2017 - Herbert Mies, German politician (b. 1929)
2017 - Nicodemo Scarfo, American mobster (b. 1929)
2018 - Dan Gurney, American racing driver (b. 1931)
2018 - Max Labovitch, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1924)
2018 - Erling Mandelmann, Danish photojournalist (b. 1935)
2018 - Spanky Manikan, Filipino actor (b. 1942)
2018 - Cyrille Regis, English footballer (b. 1958)
2018 - Hugh Wilson, American film and television director (b. 1943)
2018 - John Pierik, Dutch sports shooter (b. 1950)
2019 - Pawel Adamowicz, Polish politician, Mayor of Gdansk (b. 1965)
2019 - Eli Grba, American baseball player (b. 1934)
2019 - Lenin Rajendran, Indian film director and screenwriter (b. 1951)
2019 - Gavin Smith, Canadian poker player (b. 1968)
2019 - Julio Vallejo Ruiloba, Spanish psychiatrist (b. 1945)
Holidays and observances
New Year's Day in Eastern Orthodoxy, see Julian Calendar.
National Flag Day and National Theatre Day (Georgia)
National Forest Conservation Day (Thailand)
Days of the year