Southern Ming

Southern Ming () was the name of some regimes established by the Ming royal family in southern China after the fall of Beijing, which experienced four emperors and one supervisor. It is also seen by many as a continuation of the Ming Dynasty.
History
In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (Chong Zhen , 1644), Li Zicheng (Li Zi Cheng )'s rebellious army captured Beijing, and Zhu Youjian (Zhu You Jian ),Emperor Chongzhen, hanged himself in Meishan. When the Qing army entered the Central Plains (Zhong Yuan Di Qu ), most of the imperial families and ministers of the Ming Dynasty fled to the south. They had half of the rivers and mountains south of the Huaihe River to resist the Qing army, including the Hongguang (Hong Guang ) regime, the Lu Kingdom (Lu Wang ), the Longwu (Long Wu ) regime, the Shaowu (Shao Wu ) regime, the Yongli (Yong Li ) regime and the Ming Zheng (Ming Zheng ) regimes.
In 1644, after the death of Emperor Chongzhen, Zhu You Song (Zhu You Song ), the King of Fu (Fu Wang ), was appointed Emperor of Nanjing (Nan Jing ) and changed his name to Hongguang after another year. Later, the Qing army quickly descended to the South and besieged Yangzhou (Yang Zhou ). The city of Yangzhou was destroyed and the Qing army slaughtered the city. Historically, it was called "the 10th day of Yangzhou" ("Yang Zhou Shi Ri "). Soon after Nanjing fell, Emperor Hongguang was captured.
In 1645, under the support of Zheng Zhilong (Zheng Zhi Long ) and others, Zhu Yujian (Zhu Yu Jian ) , the King of Tang (Tang Wang ) called himself Emperor in Fuzhou (Fu Zhou ) and Longwu in another year. Emperor Longwu launched a short Northern Expedition under the chairmanship of minister Huang Daozhou (Huang Dao Zhou ). At the same time, he joined the peasant rebellion forces to resist the Qing Dynasty. However, with the surrender of Zheng Zhilong to the Qing Dynasty, the situation deteriorated. After being captured, Emperor Longwu died of hunger strike, and the Qing army quickly occupied most of the Southeast.
In a critical situation, the rest of the Daxi Army (Da Xi Jun ) and the bureaucrats of the Ming Dynasty joined forces to support Zhu Youlang (Zhu You Lang )
, the King of Gui (Gui Wang ) to be emperor in southwest China and changed his name to Yongli. At the same time, Zheng Chenggong (Zheng Cheng Gong ) also took advantage of the rising trend in the southeast coast, attacking the Qing army from both East and west, and the anti-Qing situation reached a climax. However, with the internal strife among the three kings and the attack of the Qing army, the defense line of the Ming army was quickly broken down by the Qing army.
In 1661, Wu Sangui (Wu San Gui ) led the Qing Army into Myanmar, and Mangbai (Mang Bai ), the king of Myanmar, handed over Yongli to the Qing Army. The following April, Yongli and Prince were killed by Wu Sangui in Kunming (Kun Ming ). Since then, Zheng Chenggong revered the Ming Dynasty and rehabilitated Taiwan (Tai Wan ) eastward as a base for resisting the Qing Dynasty and established the Ming and Zheng Dynasty. The Ming Zheng regimes continued to use the Yongli Year, but did not support the Ming Dynasty as emperor or supervisor.
In 1683, when the Qing army occupied Taiwan, Zheng Ke Shuang (Zheng Ke Shuang ), King of Yanping (Yan Ping Wang ), fell to the Qing Dynasty, and Zhu Shugui (Zhu Zhu Gui ), King of Ningjing (Zhu Jing Wang ), died by suicide, and the forces of the Ming Dynasty were completely destroyed.
Chinese dynasties
17th century in China