pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Harmony

Harmony means playing several notes together to make "chords". The word comes from the Greek harmonia meaning "to join things up" . A tune by itself can sound nice, but it can be "harmonized" by adding an accompaniment of chords. Studying how to do this is called harmonization. Music students learn which chords sound nice after one another. These are called "chord progressions". Many music theorists have written books about harmony.
Music which is made of a tune with harmony underneath is called "homophonic". In a way it is the opposite of polyphonic which means that each part (each voice) is a tune in itself. However, even polyphony needs to make pleasant harmony. Harmony as we know it in European music had become fully developed by the Baroque period (17th century).
One can play a chord with three notes using the 1st, 3rd and 5th notes of the scale of whatever key the music is in. This gives a chord which sounds like the "home chord". This means that at least three notes are needed for harmony. In most homophonic music there are four: for example a choir will normally divide into soprano, alto, tenor and bass, or a string quartet will divide into violin 1, violin 2, viola and cello.
Harmony which uses just the notes of the key (e.g. just using white notes for C major) is called "tonal harmony".
Harmony which adds lots of extra sharps and flats is called "chromatic harmony".
If music is not in any key at all, like in some music by Arnold Schoenberg, it is "atonal". Harmony can be atonal.
music theory
Arlon-Marche-en-Famenne-Bastogne-Neufchâteau-Virton (Walloon Parliament constituency)

Arlon-Marche-en-Famenne-Bastogne-Neufchateau-Virton is a constituency of Wallonia.
Members
Election results
References
Constituencies of the Parliament of Wallonia
Encoder

Encoder may refer to:
Electronic circuits
Audio encoder, converts audio from digital to analog
Video encoder, converts video from digital to analog
Simple encoder
Priority encoder
8b/10b encoder
Media compression
Compressor, encodes data (such as audio/video/images) into a smaller size (see codec)
Sensors
Encoder (position)
Rotary encoder, converts rotating position to electronic signals
Linear encoder, converts straight position to electronic signals
Absolute encoder
Incremental encoder, converts position changes to electronic signals in real time
Altitude encoder
Related pages
Decoder (disambiguation)
Sue Devaney

Sue Devaney (born Susan Barber; 2 July 1967) is an English actress, known for portraying the roles of Debbie Webster in the ITV soap opera Coronation Street (1984-1985, 2019-present), Rita in the BBC One children's kitchen sink realism programme Jonny Briggs (1985-1987), Liz Harker in the BBC One medical drama series Casualty (1994-1997), and Jane in the BBC One sitcom Dinnerladies (1998-2000).
Other websites
1967 births
Living people
English child actors
English television actors
English voice actors
English stage actors
Actors from Lancashire
Actors from Greater Manchester
Yılmaz Erdoğan

Yilmaz Erdogan (born 4 November 1967 in Hakkari, Turkey) is a Turkish actor and filmmaker. He is most famous for the movie Vizontele and the television series Bir Demet Tiyatro in Turkey. He has also won the Australian film award for Best Supporting Actor.
Filmography
Vizontele Director, Writer and Actor
Bir Demet Tiyatro Writer and Actor
Vizontele Tuuba Director, Writer and Actor
Magic Carpet Ride Director, Writer and Actor
Bir Demet Tiyatro Writer and Actor
Jolly Life Director, Writer and Actor
Eyyvah Eyvah Producer
Once Upon a Time in Anatolia Actor
References
Living people
1967 births
Turkish businesspeople
Turkish actors
Eastern bluebird

The eastern bluebird (Sialia sialis) is a species of Turdidae. Its name comes from the colour of its feathers, which is a vibrant blue.
Appearance
There is a marked contrast between his blue back and its subdued orange-brown belly. The female's colours are less intense. The head's colour is a kind of blue-gray and there is a more vibrant blue on the tail and the wings. The belly is a mix of orange-brown and white. The male is completely blue. It is only his breast and his throat which are orange and blue, his belly and undertail are white.
Habitat
The eastern bluebird lives in many regions of North America. It has been seen more frequently in the American Midwest and in southern Canada. It does not have a definive habitat. It lives in light woods, gardens, agricultural areas and orchards. This species prefers to use a hole already made as a nest. In fact, those birds often live in deserted woodpecker holes. To make it more comfortable they add to the hole little twigs or brushwood. They cut and bring it back to the hole they want to live in and it covers the bottom of the wood cavity.
Food
This bird eats insects. In summer and spring time, perching on a low branch or on a nest boxes, it searches for prey. When it finds one it simply attacks it. During colder seasons, bugs are less present. Thus, it can also eat little fruits like field or forest berries.
Population
Females have between four and five eggs at a time. Before hatching, there is about fourteen days of incubation. The eastern bluebird has been decreasing in population over time. Despite the fact that many eggs are laid, the birth's success rate is low. One thing that can be the source of that phenomenon might be the introduction of the common starling from Europe. That kind of bird is a strong competitor fighting against eastern bluebirds for natural cavities. If they are fighting every day females would not be able to lay their eggs because they need a calm location to do it. However, the situation could be worse without nest boxes to help eastern bluebirds find a safe location.
Notes
References
Proctor, Noble. Repertoire des oiseaux chanteurs du Quebec et de l'Amerique du Nord, edition Quebecor, Montreal, 1991, p. 83
Bluebird , The Canadian Encyclopedia.
, ESPECE : Merlebleu de l'Est.
Thrushes
Birds of North America
Socialist Party

Socialist Party is the name of several different political parties around the world with a variety of different political views. These include:
Albania - Socialist Party of Albania
Argentina - Socialist Party (Argentina)
Australia - Socialist Party (Australia)
Belgium
Socialist Party (francophone Belgium)
Socialistische Partij - Anders (Flemish Socialist Party)
Bulgaria - Bulgarian Socialist Party
Chile - Socialist Party of Chile
European Union - Party of European Socialists
France - Socialist Party (France)
Georgia - Socialist Party (Georgia)
Germany - Die Linke
Greece - Panhellenic Socialist Movement
India - Party of Democratic Socialism (India)
Republic of Ireland|Ireland - Socialist Party of Ireland (CWI affiliate)
Italy - Partito Socialista Italiano
Latvia - Latvian Socialist Party
Netherlands - Socialistische Partij
Portugal - Socialist Party (Portugal)
Puerto Rico - Partido Socialista Puertorriqueno
San Marino - Partito Socialista Sammarinese
Senegal - Socialist Party (Senegal)
Spain - Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
Switzerland - Social Democratic Party of Switzerland (also known as the Swiss Socialist Party)
Ukraine - Socialist Party of Ukraine
United Kingdom
Socialist Party (England and Wales)
Socialist Party of Great Britain
Scottish Socialist Party
United States
Socialist Party of America
Socialist Party USA
Related pages
Social Democratic Party (a disambiguation page)
Irtysh River

The Irtysh River (; ; / ; , "Twirl"; ) is a river in Siberia and Kazakhstan. It is the main tributary of the Ob River. The main tributary of the Irtysh is the Tobol River. The Ob-Irtysh forms a major drainage basin in Asia, and covers most of Western Siberia and the Altay Mountains.
From its origins as the Kara-Irtysh (Vast Irtysh, kara means Vast in Turkic languages but also black. But in the context and geographic terms usually refers vast) in the Mongolian Altay mountains in Xinjiang, China, the Irtysh flows northwest through Lake Zaysan in Kazakhstan, meeting the Ishim and Tobol rivers before merging with the Ob near Khanty-Mansiysk in western Siberia, Russia after 4,248 kilometres (2,640 mi).
The name Black Irtysh (Kara-Irtysh in Kazakh, or Cherny Irtysh in Russian) is applied by some authors, especially in Russia and Kazakhstan, to the upper course of the river, from its source entering Lake Zaysan. The term White Irtysh, in opposition to the Black Irtysh, was occasionally used in the past to refer to the Irtysh below lake Zaysan; now this usage is largely obsolete.
Main tributaries
The largest tributaries of the Irtysh are, from source to mouth:
Kelan (right)
Burqin (right)
Kalzhyr (right)
Kurshim (right)
Naryn (right)
Bukhtarma (right)
Ulba (right)
Uba (right)
Chagan (left)
Om (right)
Tara (right)
Uy (right)
Osha (left)
Shish (right)
Ishim (left)
Tobol (left)
Noska (left)
Demyanka (right)
Konda (left)
Rivers of Russia
Rivers of Kazakhstan
Salem, Illinois

Salem is a city in Illinois in the United States.
Cities in Illinois
County seats in Illinois
Aboriginal Provisional Government

The Aboriginal Provisional Government (APG) is an Indigenous Australian activist group. It campaigns for indigenous sovereignty over Australia. It was formed by elders from several communities across Australia, including the Pitjantjatjara, Wiradjuri, Yolngu and Eora. The founders of the APG were Bob Weatherall, Geoff Clark, Josie Crawshaw, Michael Mansell, Kathy Craigie and other representatives from all states of Australia.
It was officially created on 16 July 1990. Its stated purpose is to establish its own government and an Aboriginal nation state. The APG argues that the indigenous people of Australia never gave up their sovereignty and therefore Australian law and title over the country is void (means nothing).
Related pages
Aboriginal land rights in Australia
References
Indigenous Australian politics
1990 establishments in Australia
Nationalist organizations
Trebetherick

Trebetherick is a village on the north coast of Cornwall, England. It is on the east side of the River Camel estuary. It is about six miles (10 kilometres) north of Wadebridge and half a mile (800 yards) south of Polzeath.
Villages in Cornwall
Homeowner

A homeowner or owner occupant is someone who owns the apartment, house or other dwelling unit they live in. Homeownership often comes with benefits such as building equity and having more leeway to make changes to the home.
Housing
Armin Laschet

Armin Laschet (born 18 February 1961) is a German politician. On 16 January 2021, he was elected Leader of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), replacing Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer. He was the Minister-president of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia from 2017 until 2021. He has also been a member of the Bundestag since 2021 and Vice President of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe since 2022.
In February 2020, Laschet announced his candidacy for Christian Democratic Union of Germany leader in the 2021 leadership election. He won the leadership race on 16 January 2021 after beating Friedrich Merz in the second round.
In the 2021 election, the CDU lost 50 seats with many news outlets seeing it as a historical loss. Following the federal election, Laschet claimed personal responsibility for the bad result and resigned as party leader.
Laschet resigned as Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia on 26 October 2021 in order to become a member of the Bundestag.
References
1961 births
Living people
Members of the German Bundestag
Ministers-President of North Rhine-Westphalia
People from Aachen
Politicians from North Rhine-Westphalia
Politicians of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany
Mary Carlisle

Mary Carlisle (born Gwendolyn L. Witter; February 3, 1914 - August 1, 2018) was a retired American actress, dancer and singer. She was known for her roles in Long Live the King, Madame Satan, College Humor, Double or Nothing, and Doctor Rhythm.
Carlisle was born on February 3, 1914 in Boston, Massachusetts. She was married to James Blakeley from 1942 until his death in 2007. They had one child. In 2010, aged 98, she received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Carlisle became the last known sole surviving "WAMPAS Baby Star".
Carlisle died on August 1, 2018 in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles at the age of 104.
References
Other websites
Photographs of Mary Carlisle
1912 births
2018 deaths
American centenarians
American silent movie actors
American stage actors
American radio actors
American dancers
Actors from Boston
Singers from Boston
Morton Grove, Illinois

Morton Grove is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 23,270.
References
Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Radio astronomy

Radio astronomy is astronomy which studies celestial objects at radio frequencies.
The first detection of radio waves from an astronomical object was made in the 1930s. Karl Jansky found radiation coming from the Milky Way. Later, other sources of radio emission were found. These include stars and galaxies, as well as entirely new classes of objects, such as radio galaxies, quasars, pulsars, and masers.
The discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation, evidence for the Big Bang theory, was made through radio astronomy.
Radio astronomy is done using large radio antennas. These are called radio telescopes. They are used alone, or with multiple linked telescopes. The use of interferometry allows radio astronomy to achieve high angular resolution. The resolving power of an interferometer is set by the distance between its components, not the size of its components.
Notes
Astronomy
Bipasha Basu

Bipasha Basu (born 7 January 1979) is an Indian movie actress who appears in Hindi language movies. She has also worked in Telugu, Tamil and Bengali language movies. She was a successful model before appearing in movies.
Basu's first movie as an actress was Ajnabee (2001). Her first successful movie was Raaz (2002). She was chosen for Filmfare Best Actress Award for Raaz. She then appeared in commercial successes like No Entry (2005), Phir Hera Pheri (2006) and Race (2008). Dhoom 2 (2007) is her biggest commercial success so far. Her work in Apaharan (2005), Corporate (2006) and Bachna Ae Haseeno (2008) was praised by movie critics. This led to her becaming a leading actress in the Hindi movie Industry.
Basu is also known for her dances like "Phoonk De" in No Smoking (2007) and "Beedi" in Omkara (2006). She has completed filming her first international movie, Singularity. Basu married boyfriend of two years TV Actor Karan Singh Grover in a private Bengali ceremony on 30 April 2016.
Early life and modelling career
Basu was born to a Bengali Hindu family in New Delhi. She lived in Pampoosh Enclave, Nehru Place and studied at Apeejay High School. She was 8 when her family moved to Kolkata. She continued studying in Kolkata at Bhavan's Gangabux Kanoria Vidyamandir.
Basu studied commerce at Bhawanipur Education Society College after 12th standard. She had planned to become a doctor before taking commerce. She did modelling shows in her college as a hobby. In 1996, she won the Godrej Cinthol Supermodel Contest and went to New York to became a successful model.
Acting career
Early work (2001-02)
Vinod Khanna was one of the judges at the supermodel contest in which Basu participated. He wanted to introduce her with his son Akshaye Khanna in Himalay Putra. Basu felt she was too young and refused the offer. Later, Anjala Zaveri agreed to the role. Another judge Jaya Bacchan wanted to introduce Basu with her son Abhishek Bacchan in Akhari Mughal. However, Akhari Mughal was never made.
In 2001, Basu finally appeared in her first movie Ajnabee (2001). The movie was directed by Abbas-Mustan. It failed commercially and received negative reviews from critics.
References
Other website
Indian models
Indian movie actors
Actors from Delhi
Actors from Kolkata
Living people
1979 births
Yukio Okamoto

Yukio Okamoto (, Okamoto Yukio; November 23, 1945 - April 24, 2020) was a Japanese diplomat and analyst. He was a known political analyst for Japan-United States relations. He was a diplomatic advisor and analyst for several Japanese prime ministers, including Ryutaro Hashimoto from 1996 to 1998 and Junichiro Koizumi from 2003 until 2004. He was born in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.
Okamoto died from pneumonia caused by COVID-19 at a Tokyo hospital on April 24, 2020, at the age of 75.
References
1945 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan
Japanese diplomats
Ambassadors
Political commentators
Saint-Venant

Saint-Venant is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Lars-Erik Berenett

Lars-Erik Berenett (23 December 1942 - 1 February 2017) was a Swedish actor. He was well known for his title role in the movies about Roland Hassel and for his role as Harald Bovallius in the soap opera Skilda varldar. Also, he is best known for his leading role in the series Jordskott.
From 1971 to 1976, he was married to Evabritt Strandberg, with whom he had a son, Matti Berenett. Later he married Maria Kulle.
Berenett died in Stockholm, Sweden on 1 February 2017, aged 74.
References
1942 births
2017 deaths
Cancer deaths in Sweden
Deaths from spinal cancer
Swedish movie actors
Swedish television actors
Sackville, New Brunswick

Sackville is a Canadian town in Westmorland County, New Brunswick.
Towns in New Brunswick
Beaumont-Pied-de-Bœuf, Mayenne

Beaumont-Pied-de-Boeuf is a commune of 198 people (2004). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Mayenne
Analog signal

An analog or analogue signal is any continuous signal.
The difference from a digital signal is that also very small fluctuations in the signal are meaningful. When one speaks of analog one often means an electrical context, however mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, and other systems may also convey analog signals.
An analog signal uses some property of the medium to convey the signal's information.
Any information may be conveyed by an analog signal, often such a signal is a measured change in physical phenomena, such as sound, light, temperature, position, or pressure.
For example, in sound recording, changes in air pressure (that is to say, sound) strike the diaphragm of a microphone which causes related changes in a voltage or the current in an electric circuit. The voltage or the current is said to be an "analog" of the sound.
See digital for a discussion of digital vs. analog.
Physics
Electronics
Hyperloop

A Hyperloop is a proposed type of train that would travel at very high speeds. The reason it can travel so fast is because it is inside a tube with no air. This vacuum means that there will be no friction to slow the train.
The Hyperloop is being created and tested in various places around the world, for example the United States, the Middle East and Asia.
In 2012, Elon Musk (Tesla Motors, SpaceX) proposed this technology. In 2013, he put a plan online that showed the hyperloop train taking 35 minutes to go between San Francisco and Los Angeles in the United States. He shared this technology to the world. In 2015, Musk's company built a test tube. He asked universities and companies to make the test trains. They had two competitions in 2017 to see how fast the hyperloop trains could travel. The fastest test was .
Possible advantages
The hyperloop will be faster than cars, buses and regular trains. Elon Musk suggests that it may be possible to travel over .
The hyperloop will be eco-friendly compared to a lot of current transportation. Most plans for building the hyperloop use solar power to run the system.
The hyperloop is a free and open-source technology. Elon Musk put the plans online for anyone to use and asked people to improve the technology
Because the hyperloop trains run inside of a tube, they will not be affected by weather such as snow or fog.
Possible disadvantages
Building costs will probably be very high. It is predicted that the Los Angeles to San Fransisco hyperloop would cost between 6 and 7.5 billion USD to build.
The trains will vibrate at a high speed which may cause passengers problems such as dizziness or stomach upset.
Passengers will not be able to move while the hyperloop is traveling. As in a rapid transit system, there will be no access to toilets during trips.
High-speed rail
Elon Musk
Fettuccine

Fettuccine is a type of long, flat, slightly wide pasta. It can either be in dried or fresh form. It has been used in some creamy sauces, such as Alfredo.
References
Pasta
Sudan at the Olympics

Sudan was first at the Olympic Games in 1960. They have been in most Summer Olympic Games since then. The nation did not attend the 1964 Games, boycotted the 1976 Summer Olympics along with most African nations, and boycotted the 1980 Summer Olympics. The nation has never been in the Winter Olympic Games.
The National Olympic Committee for Sudan was formed in 1956 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1959.
Medalists
Related pages
List of IOC country codes
References
Other websites
Sudan profile at London2012.com
Sudan
Nations at the Olympics
Piculet

The piculets are a subfamily of small woodpeckers which are mostly in tropical South America, with just three Asian and one African species.
Like true woodpeckers, piculets have large heads, long tongues to get their insect prey and zygodactyl feet, with two toes pointing forward, and two backwards. However, they lack the stiff tail feathers that woodpeckers use when climbing trees. They are more likely to perch on a branch rather than an upright trunk.
They eat insects and grubs mainly from decaying wood. They re-use woodpecker holes for nesting, rather than making their own holes. The eggs are white, as with many hole nesters.
There are 30 species in all. It is known that they split off from mainstream woodpeckers in the middle Miocene about 15 million years ago (mya). Splits between the three genera happened about 7.9 mya.
Typically these birds have grey or dull green upperparts and dark-streaked white underparts.
References
Piciformes
William Winniett

Sir William Robert Wolseley Winniet was a British Governor who was born in Nova Scotia and died in Ghana. Winniet was known for his efforts to end the slave trade in West Africa.
Early Life
Winniett was born in Nova Scotia in 1793. When he was 14 years old he joined the Royal Navy. When he was 16 years old, he started to fight for the British Empire against the forces of Napoleon in the Caribbean. When Winniett was 21 he started to fight for the British Empire against the United States in the War of 1812 under the command of Sir Alexander Cochrane who offered to grant freedom to any slaves who were willing to fight for the British Empire against the United States in the War of 1812. Winniett finished fighting under Cochrane's command when he was 22.
When Winniett was 25 years old, he was sent to Africa to try to end the slave trade.
African Naval Career
Winniett was a commander in the British Royal Navy trying to end the slave trade in Africa. And he continued this until 1842.
Governorship
In 1845, Winniett was appointed Governor of the Gold Coast which is now Ghana. In 1847, Winniett went to what is now Benin to try to convince the people there to end the slave trade. In 1848, Winniett used the West India Regiment to overthrow a king named Kwaku Akka. Winniett then tried to convince King Ghezo of the Dahomey to stop the Dahomey slave trade and ban human sacrifice. Winniett also bought the Dutch fortresses on the West African coast so that he could end the Dutch slave trade.
Knighthood
In 1849, Winniett was knighted by Queen Victoria.
Death
Winniett died in Ghana in 1850.
Governors
Fireglow Games

Fireglow Games is a Russian, and later Cypriot company that develops and publishes computer games. The most known for series of strategic games Sudden Strike.
History
The company was founded in 1999 by the former employees of the studio "Our Games LLC", a famous game Confrontation. The first project of the studio was the game of Sudden Strike, the world publisher was performed by the German distributor cvd Software Entertainment, in Russia and the CIS was published under the familiar Russian players with the name of Confrontation 3.
In 2002-2003, the company moved from St. Petersburg to Cyprus. In 2004, the studio stopped to work with the Russian publisher Russobit-M, which owns the rights to the localized name Confrontation. All the next Sudden Strike games were published under the original name.
In 2006, the company was reorganized. As a result, several companies created a single holding: FireGlow Casual Games and Fireglow Online Games was making computer games, Fireglow Games Publishing was releasing products in the United States and Western Europe.
The latest game of the company is Sudden Strike 3: The Last Stand, published in 2009.
Games
References
Video games
Gopulu

S. Gopalan, pen-name Gopulu (18 June 1924 - 29 April 2015), was an Indian illustrator and cartoonist. He was best known for his work for the Tamil humour magazine Ananda Vikatan.
Gopulu was born in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. He died on 29 April 2015, aged 91. His son outlived him.
References
1924 births
2015 deaths
Indian cartoonists
Indian illustrators
People from Tamil Nadu
Tamil people
Mabel Segun

Mabel Segun is a Nigerian poet and writer of plays, short stories and books about children. She is also a teacher, newscaster and a sports woman. She was born in 1930.
References
Living people
1930 births
Oyama Shrine

Oyama Shrine (Xiong Shan Shen She ) is a Shinto shrine located in Japan that worships Mount Tate. The shrine is located at a high altitude of 3,003 meters and has three sub-shrines.
Oyama Shrine has a rich history and was historically a major site of , a Japanese religion that combines elements of Buddhism, Shintoism, and other indigenous beliefs.
The shrine claims to be the Ichinomiya (highest ranked Shinto shrine) of Etchu Province, but there are other shrines that also claim this title.
Oyama Shrine is unique in that it does not have a honden, which is a main hall for enshrining the kami (deities), instead, Mount Tate itself is considered its main object of worship, known as the kannabi.
See Also
List of Shinto shrines
Ichinomiya
Other shrines claiming to be Etchu Ichinomiya
References
Beppyo shrines
Shinto shrines in Toyama Prefecture
Kokuhei Shosha
Mountain faith
Vidja

Vidja is a locality in Huddinge Municipality in Stockholm County in Sweden. In 2010, 682 people lived there.
References
Settlements in Stockholm County
Lucero (entertainer)

Lucero (August 29, 1969, Mexico City, Mexico) is a Mexican singer, songwriter and actress, she has participated in different soap operas, mainly on Televisa, she knows how to sing in three different languages (Spanish, English and Portuguese).
She is popularly known as La Novia de America (The Girlfriend of the Americas).
Discography
Filmography
Films
Soap operas (telenovelas)
Television shows
Notes and References
Notes
A Lucero received three awards for her performances as the main heroines "Maria Guadalupe" and "Maria Fernanda" and as the main villain "Maria Paula".
Other websites
[ Lucero] at Billboard.com
[ Lucero] at Allmusic
Lucero at Yahoo! Music Radio
1969 births
Living people
Mexican singer-songwriters
Actors from Mexico City
Singers from Mexico City
Samuel Reshevsky

Samuel Reshevsky (Szmul Rzeszewski, near Lodz, 26 November 1911 - New York, 4 April 1992) was a Polish-American chess Grandmaster.
Sammy was a famous chess prodigy, and later a leading American chess Grandmaster. He was a contender for the World Chess Championship from about 1935 to the mid-1960s. He came equal third in the World Chess Championship 1948 tournament, and equal second in the 1953 Candidates Tournament. He was also an eight-time winner of the U.S. Chess Championship.
He was the greatest American player in the long period between Pillsbury (d.1906) and Fischer. Sammy was an Orthodox Jew, and did not play on the Jewish Sabbath: his tournament games were re-arranged. He was a regular top board for the USA at Chess Olympiads. He played in eight Olympiads, helping the U.S. team to win the gold in 1937.p335
Sammy was tremendously strong in matches, and the Soviets made sure he never got the chance to play Botvinnik in a match. He played eleven of the first twelve world champions, and drew a match against Fischer at the age of 49. His one weakness as a player was his time trouble. He used up so much of his time in the early stages of a game that he was often short of time at the end. This probably cost him the Candidates tournament in 1953.
Reshevsky was not a full-time chess player. He was a qualified accountant.
Reshevsky, Samuel [and Fred Reinfeld] 1948. Reshevsky on chess. [aka Reshevsky's best games of chess, Dover.] Chess Review, N.Y.
Reshevsky, Samuel [and Fred Reinfeld] 1962. How chess games are won. Pitman, N.Y & London.
Gordon, Stephen W. Samuel Reshevsky: a compendium of 1768 games. McFarland, Jefferson NC. Some annotated by Soviet grandmasters.
References
1911 births
1992 deaths
Accountants
Chess grandmasters
Jewish American sportspeople
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Polish chess players
Polish Jews
American chess players
Greyson Chance

Greyson Michael Chance (born August 16, 1997) is a musician and a pianist. He became famous for his cover (his version) of the song "Paparazzi" by Lady Gaga in a sixth-grade music festival. The cover reached about 700 million views on Youtube in April 2010. He was later discovered by Ellen DeGeneres and was a guest on her show 2 times. His first debut single is "Waiting Outside the Lines" which was released on October 2010. His first debut album called Hold on 'till the Night was later released on August 2, 2011.
Personal life
Chance was born on August 16, 1997 in Wichita Falls, Texas. He currently lives in Edmond, Oklahoma. He is the youngest child of Scott and Lisa Chance. He has a sixteen-year-old sister, Alexa, and a nineteen-year-old brother, Tanner. Both Alexa and Tanner also play music. Chance began playing the piano at the age of 8 and has had three years of piano lessons. He has never had vocal (singing) lessons. when he was at the age of 7 he moved to Jacksonville Florida and had been applied for the elementary school John N.C. Stockton.
References
1997 births
Living people
American pianists
musicians from Texas
singers from Texas
Passerida

Passerida is one of two "parvorders" in the suborder Passeri.
Passeri
2018 FIFA World Cup Group A

Group A of the 2018 FIFA World Cup will take place from 14 to 25 June 2018. The group consists of Russia, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Uruguay. The top two teams will advance to the round of 16.
Teams
Notes
Standings
In the round of 16:
The winners of Group A will advance to play the runners-up of Group B.
The runners-up of Group A will advance to play the winners of Group B.
Matches
All times listed are local time.
Russia vs Saudi Arabia
Egypt vs Uruguay
The two teams have only played each other once, in a friendly game back in 2006 won by Uruguay 2-0.
Russia vs Egypt
Uruguay vs Saudi Arabia
Uruguay vs Russia
Saudi Arabia vs Egypt
References
Other websites
2018 FIFA World Cup Group A , FIFA.com
2018 FIFA World Cup
Aaron Eckhart

Aaron Edward Eckhart (born March 22, 1968) is an American movie, television, stage, and voice actor.
Eckhart became known world-wide in such films as in Erin Brockovich (2000), and gained a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actor for his role in Thank You for Smoking (2006). He is also known for his role as Two-Face in the 2008 summer blockbuster The Dark Kinght (2008). Eckhart alongside Nicole Kidman worked in a movie called Rabbit Hole (2010)
Eckhart was born in Cupertino, California on March 22, 1968. He was raised in Los Angeles, California. Eckhart studied at the American Community School and at the American International School of Sydney. He was once engaged to actress Emily Cline. They separated in 1998. Eckhart now lives in Beverly Hills, California.
Other websites
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
1968 births
Actors from Santa Clara County, California
Living people
Actors from Beverly Hills, California
Cupertino, California
Georg Cantor

Georg Cantor (3 March 1845 - 6 January 1918) was an important German mathematician. He founded set theory and worked on transfinite numbers.
Life
Cantor was born in St Petersburg, Russia. His father had a Jewish-Danish, his mother an Austrian background. His father was a Protestant. He was a rich merchant. His mother was a Roman Catholic. She was very artistic. When his father became ill in 1856 the family moved to Frankfurt. Georg went to private schools and then to gymnasien in Darmstadt and Wiesbaden. He soon showed that he was brilliant at maths. His father wanted him to be an engineer but Georg persuaded him to let him study mathematics. He spent a short time studying at the University of Zurich, but soon went to Berlin where he studied physics, philosophy and mathematics. He was very influenced by the teaching of Weierstrass, Kummer and Kronecker, who were later to become his enemies. He wrote a doctoral thesis in which he said that asking questions was more important than finding the answers. He was talking about a problem that Carl Friedrich Gauss had left unanswered.
Cantor taught for a time at a girls' school in Berlin, then he became a lecturer in Halle where he remained for the rest of his life. He became full professor there in 1879. Cantor worked on the theory of numbers, continuum hypothesis and then on trigonometric series, starting with ideas that had been developed by Bernhard Riemann on complex variables. He sent a paper on algebraic numbers to be published in Crelle's Journal, but Kronecker was against it. However, Dedekind supported Cantor, and eventually the article was published. This article showed that Cantor was a great mathematician.
When his father died in 1863 he had enough money to build a house for his wife and five children.
Cantor thought that infinite numbers really existed, and used ideas from ancient and medieval philosophy to prove his point. Kronecker disagreed with him. He thought that only integers existed. Kronecker said that "God made integers and all the rest is the work of man". Kronecker stopped Cantor from being offered a professorship in Berlin, a position he ought to have had since he was one of the greatest mathematicians in the world. Cantor stayed at Halle and continued to work into his old age, although he often suffered from fits of depression. He often lost his temper, but he was also a very kind man. He always gave encouragement to young mathematicians with new ideas. He did not want them to suffer like he had because of older mathematicians who felt threatened by new ideas. A lot of Cantor's work led eventually to what is called "new mathematics" in schools today.
Cantor died in a mental hospital in Halle on 6 January 1918.
References
Related pages
Cantor set
Cantor's diagonal argument
Cantor's theorem
1845 births
1918 deaths
German academics
German mathematicians
Scientists from Saint Petersburg
Set theorists
Jim Hogg County, Texas

Jim Hogg County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2020, 4,838 people lived there. The county seat is Hebbronville.
References
Texas counties
Billy Boy Arnold

William "Billy Boy" Arnold (born September 16, 1935) is an American blues harmonica player and singer-songwriter.
In the early 1950s, he joined forces with street musician Bo Diddley and played harmonica on the March 2, 1955 recording of the Bo Diddley song "I'm a Man" released by Checker Records.
Arnold signed a solo recording contract with Vee-Jay Records, recording the originals of "I Wish You Would" and "I Ain't Got You".
References
Other websites
Billy Boy Arnold on Alligator Records site
Interview with Richie Unterberger
[ Arnold biography] at AllMusic
1935 births
Living people
American blues musicians
American blues singers
Singer-songwriters from Chicago
Musicians from Chicago
Peter Bankes

Peter Bankes (born 18 May 1982) is a English football referee. He officiates games in the Premier League and EFL Championship.
Career
Bankes was moved into the Select Group 1 referee pool ahead of the 2019-20 campaign after joining Select Group 2 three seasons prior. On 31 August 2019, Bankes refereed his first Premier League game between Leicester City and Bournemouth and issued a total of four yellow cards throughout the game. On 22 February 2020, Bankes showed his first Premier League red card to Newcastle United player Valentino Lazaro after Crystal Palace forward Wilfred Zaha, who was through on goal.
References
1982 births
Living people
English football referees
Sportspeople from Lancashire
Jan Wouters

Jan Wouters (born 17 July 1960) is a former Dutch football player. He has played for Netherlands national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1980/81||rowspan="6"|Utrecht||rowspan="6"|Eredivisie||19||1
|-
|1981/82||33||4
|-
|1982/83||27||6
|-
|1983/84||31||4
|-
|1984/85||25||1
|-
|1985/86||33||5
|-
|1986/87||rowspan="6"|Ajax||rowspan="6"|Eredivisie||32||4
|-
|1987/88||28||4
|-
|1988/89||22||0
|-
|1989/90||28||5
|-
|1990/91||30||5
|-
|1991/92||10||1
|-
|1991/92||rowspan="3"|Bayern Munich||rowspan="3"|Bundesliga||17||1
|-
|1992/93||33||4
|-
|1993/94||18||1
|-
|1993/94||rowspan="3"|PSV Eindhoven||rowspan="3"|Eredivisie||10||1
|-
|1994/95||22||1
|-
|1995/96||20||3
370||45
68||6
438||51
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1982||1||0
|-
|1983||0||0
|-
|1984||0||0
|-
|1985||0||0
|-
|1986||7||0
|-
|1987||3||0
|-
|1988||10||1
|-
|1989||5||2
|-
|1990||11||0
|-
|1991||6||0
|-
|1992||13||1
|-
|1993||7||0
|-
|1994||7||0
|-
!Total||70||4
|}
References
1960 births
Living people
Dutch football managers
Dutch footballers
Eredivisie managers
Sportspeople from Utrecht (city)
AFC Ajax managers
Everton de Viña del Mar

Everton de Vina del Mar, is a Chilean football club based in Vina del Mar. The club was founded in 1909, and now plays in first chilean football league. Their home matches are played at Sausalito stadium, which has a capacity of approximately 25,000 seats.
Honours
National champions: 1950, 1952, 1976
Copa Chile champions: 1984
Second Division champions: 1974, 1982, 2003
References
Other websites
Everton VM official website
Everton
1909 establishments
1900s establishments in South America
20th-century establishments in Chile
Didier Demazière

Didier Demaziere is a French sociologist specialized in the study of unemployment. He is senior researcher at French National Center for Scientific Research (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS).
Bibliography
L'injonction au professionnalisme. Analyse d'une dynamique plurielle (The injunction professionalism. Dynamic analysis of a plural), with Valerie Boussard and Philip Milburn, (2010).
Sociologie des groupes professionnels. Acquis recents, nouveaux defis (Sociology of professional groups. Recent achievements, new challenges), with Charles Gadea, (2009).
Sociologie des chomeurs (Sociology of unemployed), (2006), ()
Analyses textuelles en sociologie. Logiciels, methodes, usages (Textual analysis in sociology. Software, methods, uses), (2006).
Analyser les entretiens biographiques (Analyze the biographical interviews), with Claude Dubar, 2004. ()
Le chomage. Comment peut-on etre chomeur ? (Unemployment. How can you be unemployed?), (2003).
Chomeurs: du silence a la revolte. Sociologie d'une action collective (Unemployed: from silence to revolt. Sociology of collective action), with Maria Teresa Pignoni, (1999).
Le chomage de longue duree (The long-term unemployment), (1995).
La sociologie du chomage (The sociology of unemployment), (1995).
Longue duree. Vivre en chomage (Long-term. Living in unemployment), with Marc Helleboid and Jacques Mondoloni, (1994).
Le chomage en crise? La negociation des identites des chomeurs de longue duree (Unemployment crisis? Negotiation of identities of long-term unemployed), (1992)
References
Year of birth unknown
French sociologists
Living people
Ralph Giordano

Ralph Giordano (March 23, 1923 - December 10, 2014) was a German writer and publicist. He survived the Holocaust and since then he has been writing books about his experiences. For a short-while he was a communist. Giordano was also an activist and critic. Giordano was born in Hamburg, Germany.
Giordano died in Cologne, Germany from complications of a broken hip following a fall, aged 91.
References
1923 births
2014 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls
Deaths from fractured hip
Writers from Hamburg
Baybayin

Baybayin is a script which was used in the Middle Ages on the island of Luzon (today part of the Philippines). It is a syllabic script. Baybayin was used for Tagalog, Ilocano, and Pangasinan. It had already been in use in the 12th century, and was widely used before the Spanish colonial era (which started in the late 16th century). Baybayin is an abugida - every letter is a consonant. Spanish misssionaries used Baybayin to spread the Christian faith. The book Doctrina Christiana, en lengua espanola y tagala was one of the first Christian books printed, in 1592. The book is written in Tagalog, using Baybayin, and Spanish, using the Latin alphabet.
Each Baybayin letter is a consonant, forming a syllable ending in 'a', by default. To make syllables ending differently, a small symbol is added above the letter (to make it end in 'e' or 'i'), or below the letter, to make the syllable end in 'o' or 'u'. See how the symbol is used below:
This symbol is called kudlit, and is not used for vowels at the beginning of a word, which have their own letters.
The Hanunuo, Buhid, and Tagbanwa scripts resemble Baybayin, and are still in use today.
Today, there's an Unicode block for the Baybayin letters (called Tagalog).
Baybayin started to disappear in the 17th century. There was still poetry written in Baybayin until the 18th century. Today, most Philippine languages use the Latin script.
Languages of the Philippines
Writing systems
Eddy Jozefzoon

Eddy Jozefzoon ( 8 December 1937 Ganzee - 3 October 2021 Paramaribo) was a Surinamese politician and adviser. He was politically active in the 1960s and 1970s.
Over the decades, he served as an advisor to Jungle commando leader Ronnie Brunswijk, Vice President Robert Ameerali, President Desi Bouterse and Vice President Ronnie Brunswijk.
Life
Eddy Jozefzoon graduated with a doctorate in philosophy. In the sixties he wrote for the government the program Logical Thinking. In the run-up to the 1969 elections, he participated in the campaign of the Progressive National Party bloc .
In the 1980s he was an advisor to Ronnie Brunswijk, the leader of the Jungle Commando.
On 27 September 2011, together with Jules Wijdenbosch and Errol Alibux, he was appointed adviser to the Bouterse I cabinet.
Eddy Jozefzoon died on 3 October 2021.
References
1937 births
2021 deaths
Mount Athos

Mount Athos is a mountain in the Greek province of Macedonia. It is also commonly referred to as the Self-governed Monastic State of the Holy Mountain, which is an autonomous part of Greece. There are twenty Eastern Orthodox monasteries inside this state.
Spiritually, Mount Athos comes under the direct jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople.
The peninsula is the easternmost "leg" of the larger Halkidiki peninsula. It protrudes into the Aegean Sea for some at a width between 7 and 12 km and covers an area of , with the actual Mount Athos and its steep, densely forested slopes reaching up to . The seas around the end of the peninsula can be dangerous.
The peninsula is only accessible by boat. There is a limit on the number of visitors. People visiting need to get a special permit. Only men are allowed to enter. Monks call Mount Athos the "Garden of the Virgin"-. Orthodox Christians take precedence in the permit issuing procedure. Only males over the age of 18 who are members of an Eastern Orthodox Church are allowed to live on Athos (?). A large number of Albanian Muslims work in the Holy Mountain. There is a small number of unarmed, religious guards (Serdaredes), who are not monks, for keeping order. Police and Coast Guard presence is very discreet. Any other people not monks are required to live in the peninsula's capital, Karyes (?) Most workers live at the place where they work. Small low class hotels exist at Karyes (administrative center) and Dafni (main port). The 2001 Greek national census recorded a population of 2,262 inhabitants.
References
Mountains of Greece
Theodosius Dobzhansky

Theodosius Grygorovych Dobzhansky (; ; January 25, 1900 - December 18, 1975) was a noted geneticist and an evolutionary biologist.
Dobzhansky was born in Ukraine (then part of Imperial Russia) and emigrated to the United States in 1927. He was a central figure in the field of evolutionary biology for his work on the fruit-fly Drosophila. He did research on these flies in California, mostly on populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura.
Dobzhansky was important in the modern evolutionary synthesis, which was the synthesis of evolutionary biology with genetics.
Ukraine and Russia
At school Dobzhansky collected butterflies and beetles, and studied biology at Kiev University. After graduation he moved to St Petersburg (then called Leningrad), and studied under Yuri Filipchenko, who had a Drosophila lab. Dobzhansky collected Coccinellidae (ladybird beetles) in the wild, and explored their genetics.
America
Dobzhansky emigrated to the United States in 1927. He worked with Thomas Hunt Morgan at Columbia University, who had pioneered the use of fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) in genetics experiments. He followed Morgan to the California Institute of Technology from 1930 to 1940. Dobzhansky took fruit fly research out of the laboratory and into the field. He discovered that regional varieties of flies were more similar to each other genetically than to flies from other regions.
In 1937 Dobzhansky published one of the major works of the modern evolutionary synthesis, entitled Genetics and the Origin of Species. He defined evolution as "a change in the allele frequency within a gene pool". It is through changes in the proportion of alleles in a population that evolution takes place. Also in 1937, he became a naturalized citizen of the United States. During this time he had a falling out with one of his Drosophila collaborators, Alfred Sturtevant, based perhaps on professional competition.
Dobzhansky returned to Columbia University from 1940 to 1962. He was one of the signatories of the 1950 UNESCO statement The Race Question. He then moved to the Rockefeller University) until his retirement in 1971.
Other key publications
Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution The American Biology Teacher 35: (March): 125-129.
Genetics of the evolutionary process. Columbia University Press, New York 1970.
Dobzhansky's Genetics of Natural Populations I-XLIII. R.C. Lewontin, J.A. Moore, W.B. Provine & B. Wallace, eds. Columbia University Press, New York 1981. (reprints the 43 papers in this series, all but two of which were authored or co-authored by Dobzhansky)
References
1900 births
1975 deaths
American evolutionary biologists
American zoologists
Ukrainian scientists
American geneticists
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Rockefeller University faculty
Columbia University faculty
California Institute of Technology faculty
Philippe Christanval

Philippe Christanval (born 31 August 1978) is a former French football player. He has played for France national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1996/97||rowspan="5"|Monaco||rowspan="5"|Division 1||1||0
|-
|1997/98||10||0
|-
|1998/99||23||1
|-
|1999/00||25||0
|-
|2000/01||23||0
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="2"|Barcelona||rowspan="2"|La Liga||26||0
|-
|2002/03||5||0
|-
|2003/04||rowspan="2"|Olympique Marseille||rowspan="2"|Ligue 1||13||0
|-
|2004/05||0||0
|-
|2005/06||rowspan="3"|Fulham||rowspan="3"|Premier League||15||0
|-
|2006/07||20||1
|-
|2007/08||1||0
121||1
31||0
36||1
187||2
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2000||1||0
|-
|2001||0||0
|-
|2002||4||0
|-
!Total||5||0
|}
References
1978 births
Living people
Footballers from Paris