pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Bruce Baillie

Bruce Baillie (September 24, 1931 - April 10, 2020) was an American avant-garde cinematic artist. He was the founder of Canyon Cinema in San Francisco in 1961. He was born in Aberdeen, South Dakota. His best known movie was Castro Street.
Baillie died on April 10, 2020 at his home in Camano Island, Washington at the age of 88.
References
Other websites
Bruce Baillie's Official Website
Bruce Baillie at Canyon Cinema
Bruce Baillie's official YouTube channel
Five collected films by Bruce Baillie (including Castro Street and All My Life (latter with soundtrack by Ella Fitzgerald) on YouTube)
1931 births
2020 deaths
American movie directors
American movie producers
American military personnel of the Korean War
American artists
People from Aberdeen, South Dakota
Businesspeople from South Dakota
Businesspeople from San Francisco
Artists from San Francisco
Military people from South Dakota
Tryptophan

Tryptophan (Trp or W) is encoded by the codon UGG. It is an a-amino acid used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
Tryptophan has an a-amino group (which is in the -NH3+ form under biological conditions), and an a-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated -COO- form under biological conditions). It also has a side chain indole, which makes it a non-polar aromatic amino acid. Tryptophan is essential to humans: the body cannot synthesize it, so it must be got from the diet.
Tryptophan is also a precursor to the neurotransmitters serotonin and melatonin.
People get tryptophan by eating protein-rich foods like meat, eggs, and dairy products.
References
Amino acids
Battle of Yellow Tavern

The Battle of Yellow Tavern was part of the Overland Campaign of the American Civil War. It was fought on May 11, 1864 in Henrico County, Virginia. Major General Philip Sheridan, who commanded the cavalry of the Army of the Potomac, wanted to launch a raid behind the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia. He thought he could keep supplies from reaching the Confederates and defeat the Confederate cavalry, commanded by Major General J.E.B. Stuart.
Battle
Sheridan started his raid on May 9. Stuart started after him right away. On May 11, they fought on May 11 at Yellow Tavern, six miles north of Richmond. The Confederates defeated several Union attacks. But in the afternoon, General George A. Custer's Michigan Brigade broke through the Confederate center. Near the end of the battle Stuart was mortally wounded by one of Custer's men and died the next day. The Confederates then retreated from the battlefield. The battle, except for Stuart's death, was not of much note. There were a total of about 800 casualties.
References
American Civil War battles
May 1864 events
1864 in Virginia
Scarperia e San Piero

Scarperia e San Piero is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany. It was created on 1 January 2014 from the former municipalities of Scarperia and San Piero a Sieve.
2014 establishments in Italy
Settlements in Tuscany
Warekpam

Warekpam is a Meetei Manipuri surname or family name which has Indian origin. People of this family mainly inhabit in Manipur, India.
References
Meitei surnames
Allen E. Ertel

Allen Edward Ertel (November 7, 1936 - November 19, 2015) was an American politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was born in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. He was a former member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania serving from January 3, 1977 through January 3, 1983. He lost re-election to Republican George Gekas in an upset election.
Ertel died from a heart attack in Williamsport, Pennsylvania, aged 79.
References
Other websites
1936 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
United States representatives from Pennsylvania
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Arukalickal

Arukalickal is a village in Pathanamthitta district, Kerala state, India.
Demographics
Malayalam is the native language of Arukalickal.
Politics
Arukalickal is the part of Pathanamthitta Loksabha constituency. Mr. Anto Antony is the current Member of Parliament of the constituency.
Climate
The climate of the place is moderate and pleasant. Tropical climate is prevailed here throughout the year.
Transportation
The major transportation service of this place is provided by Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC).
References
Villages in Pathanamthitta district
Academy Award for Best Sound

The Academy Award for Best Sound is a yearly award given by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. The award is for best sound mixing, editing, recording and sound design.
Nominations and Awards
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
2020s
Notes
References
Academy Award categories
Lists of awards and nominations
Luxembourg Grand Prix

The Luxembourg Grand Prix () was a Formula One motor race for two years in the 1990s. The FIA created the Luxembourg GP to keep a race at Nurburgring, and allow the European GP to be held in another country.
The FIA only allowed one Formula One per country. They would allow a second race within a country if it had a different Grand Prix name. For several years, the German Grand Prix had been held at Hockenheimring, and the European Grand Prix at Nurburgring. There was unease that the Nurburgring was being given a monopoly for the European GP. The border of Luxembourg lies about 50 miles away from the Nurburgring track.
Winners of the Luxembourg Grand Prix
A pink background indicates an event which was not part of the Formula One World Championship.
Broadcasting
United Kingdom
References
Formula One Grands Prix
Sibley County, Minnesota

Sibley County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 14,836 people lived there. The county seat is Gaylord.
References
Minnesota counties
Jan Topić

Jan Topic (born April 23, 1983) is an Ecuadorian businessman and politician. He was born in Guayaquil, Guayas. He is running for President of Ecuador in the 2023 election. He has been president of Telconet since 2010. In 2019, he was investigated for money laundering during the Odebrecht Case.
References
1983 births
Living people
Politicians from Guayaquil
Ecuadorian businesspeople
Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS, formerly: Academia Sinica) is the supreme institution for all the natural science organisations in China. The academy was established in 1949 in Beijing.
References
Other websites
Official website
Beijing
National academies of sciences
1949 establishments in Asia
1940s establishments in China
Italian language in Croatia

The Italian language is the third most spoken language (after Croatian and Serbian) in the Republic of Croatia today. It is an officially recognized minority language in Istria County (where it is spoken by 7.69% of the population).
Speaker Population
The 2001 census in Croatia reported 19,636 ethnic Italians in the country (some .44% of the total population). Ethnologue reported 70,000 speakers in 1998: 40,000 ethnic Italians and 30,000 ethnic Croats and Istrian people. Native Italian speakers are largely concentrated along the Adriatic coast. In addition, roughly 120,000 Italian tourists visit Croatia each year, so many in the service and tourist industries have some knowledge of the language.As the 3/4 of the Italian community is concentrated in Istria, according to Ethnologue's estimates ( 70.000 ), at least 20% of the population of Istria is Italian mother tongue, although many simply declare themselves as Istrian.
Historically, the language had a much larger population than it does now. Italians have lived on the Adriatic coast for hundreds of years, and Istria was part of the Kingdom of Italy from 1919 until 1947. However the Istrian exodus after the Second World War and Yugoslavian ethnic cleansing in the form of the Foibe massacres forced the greater part of the Istrian Italians to flee to Italy.
During the Italian exodu, about 350000 people left Istria, Dalmatia and the isles of Croatia.
Italian in Use
Government services are provided in Italian and Croatian in Istria County, including the official government website (which is also available in English). There are four Italian-language schools in Istria: primary schools in Buje (Buie) and Novigrad (Cittanova) and secondary schools in Pula (Pola) and Rovinj (Rovigno).
Related pages
Dalmatian Italians
Italian cultural and historic presence in Dalmatia
Istrian-Dalmatian exodus
List of Italian place names in Dalmatia
References
Ethnologue Report for Italian
Region of Istria Official Website
Republic of Croatia Central Bureau of Statistics
Languages of Croatia
Baxter, Iowa

Baxter is a city in Iowa in the United States. It is in Jasper County, near the central part of the state.
Population
References
Cities in Iowa
Thixotropy

Thixotropy is the property of certain gels or fluids that are viscous (thick) under normal conditions, but flow (become thin, less viscous) when shaken, agitated, or otherwise stressed.
In more technical language:
some Non-Newtonian fluids show a change in viscosity; the longer the fluid undergoes shear stress, the lower its viscosity. A thixotropic fluid is a fluid which takes a finite time to attain equilibrium viscosity when introduced to a step change in shear rate. Many gels and colloids are thixotropic materials, exhibiting a stable form at rest but becoming fluid when agitated.
Some fluids are anti-thixotropic: constant shear stress for a time causes an increase in viscosity or even solidification. Constant shear stress can be applied by shaking or mixing. They are much less common.
Natural examples
It is a common experience walking on sand that in places it liquifies as one walks on it. This is a thixotropic response to pressure. In extremes, a quicksand may be danger to people and animals.
Some clays are thixotropic, and their behaviour is of great importance in structural and geotechnical engineering. Landslides, such as those common in the cliffs around Lyme Regis, Dorset and in the Aberfan disaster in Wales are evidence of this. Similarly, a lahar is a mass of earth liquefied by a volcanic event, which rapidly solidifies once coming to rest.
Drilling muds used in geotechnical applications can be thixotropic. Honey from honey bees may also exhibit this property under certain conditions.(Heather honey).
Another example of a thixotropic fluid is the synovial fluid found in joints between some bones.
Some clay deposits found in the process of exploring caves exhibit thixotropism: an initially solid-seeming mudbank will turn soupy and yield up moisture when dug into or otherwise disturbed. These clays were deposited in the past by low-velocity streams which tend to deposit fine-grained sediment.
These properties are often used in commercial products which are applied to surfaces, such as paint or toothpaste. With paint, the fluidity vanishes quickly and the surface sets permanently as water (or oil) evaporates.
References
Fluid mechanics
Materials science
Network function virtualization

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV)
is a computer communication technology that proposes to substitute specialized network hardware with software running on regular computers or cloud.
It aims to reduce costs and complexity in communication networks, while facilitating faster creation of new communication services.
References
Internet
Computer networking
Telecommunications
Saint-Christophe, Allier

Saint-Christophe is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
Gary F. Jones

Gary F. Jones (June 16, 1944 - October 11, 2020) was an American trainer of Thoroughbred racehorses. His career began in 1974 and ended with his retirement at the end of July, 1996. He won 1,465 races including 102 graded stakes. Jones was elected to the United States Racing Hall of Fame in 2014. He was born in Long Beach, California.
Jones died on October 11, 2020 in Del Mar, California at the age of 76.
References
1944 births
2020 deaths
Sportspeople from California
People from Long Beach, California
Alex Nibourette

Alex Nibourette (born December 26, 1983) is a Seychellois football player. He plays for Saint Michel United Football Club and Seychelles national football team.
1983 births
Living people
Seychellois people
African footballers
Joseph J. Went

Joseph J. Went (born September 16, 1930) is a retired United States Marine Corps four-star general. His final job was as Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps and Chief of Staff. He retired in 1990 after 38 years of service.
References
1930 births
Living people
American generals
American military personnel of the Vietnam War
Military people from Connecticut
Acoelomorpha

The Acoelomorpha are a group of animals with features that were once put in the phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms).
In 2004 molecular studies showed this was wrong.
Now it is clear that their closest relatives are the Xenoturbellida, and the two groups make up the proposed new phylum, the Xenacoelomorpha.
Most researchers believe them to be basal among the bilateria, slightly more derived than the Cnidaria. Recent results suggest that they (along with Xenoturbella) may lie near the base of the deuterostomes. An ongoing collaborative research project has "the researchers ... confident that they can reach an agreement about where acoels fit in evolutionary history".
"The results show that the two groups constitute a newly classified phylum... which the authors name the 'Xenacoelomorpha'. The xenacoelomorph phylum joins the three known phyla of deuterostomes: vertebrates (including humans), echinoderms (e.g., starfish), and hemichordates (acorn worms)".
Acoels are almost entirely marine, living between grains of sediment, swimming as plankton, or crawling on algae. Acoels have a statocyst, which presumably helps them orient to gravity. Their soft bodies make them difficult to classify.
References
Xenacoelomorpha
Portland, Maine

Portland is the largest city in the U.S. state of Maine. The city's population was 64,249 as of the 2000 Census
References
County seats in Maine
1632 establishments
1630s establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
O'Higgins Region

The VI Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region (), often shortened to O'Higgins Region, is one of Chile's 15 first-order administrative divisions. It is named in honour of Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme, one of Chile's founders.
The capital and largest city of the region is Rancagua. The second major city is San Fernando.
History
In 1880, the old "O'Higgins Province" was created with the territory of the present Cachapoal Province. In 1974, with the creation of the Regions of Chile, it became, together with the Colchagua Province, the new Region VI, known since then as Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region.
Geography
The O'Higgins Region is bordered to the west by the Pacific Ocean, to the east by Argentina, to the north by the Valparaiso and Santiago Metropolitan Regions, and to the south by the Maule Region.
The main rivers are the Cachapoal and Tinguiririca.
Population
, there were (estimated) 918,751 persons living in the region, for a population density of inhabitants/km2.
The largest city in the region is its capital, Rancagua, with 206,971 inhabitants (2002 census). Other cities are San Fernando (49,519) and Rengo (30,891).
Administration
The O'Higgins region is divided in three provinces: Cachapoal, Cardenal Caro and Colchagua.
Related pages
Regions of Chile
References
Other websites
Territorial division of Chile
Gobierno Regional de O'Higgins Official website
Regions of Chile
Carmen Miranda

Carmen Miranda (February 9, 1909 - August 5, 1955) was a Portuguese-Brazilian singer and actress. She was best known for her exotic costumes and hats made of fruit.
Brazilian actors
Brazilian singers
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Portuguese singers
1909 births
1955 deaths
Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory

Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory (abbreviated ZF) is a system of axioms used to describe set theory. When the axiom of choice is added to ZF, the system is called ZFC. It is the system of axioms used in set theory by most mathematicians today.
After Russell's paradox was found in the 1901, mathematicians wanted to find a way to describe set theory that did not have contradictions. Ernst Zermelo proposed a theory of set theory in 1908. In 1922, Abraham Fraenkel proposed a new version based on Zermelo's work.
Axioms
An axiom is a statement which is accepted without question, and which has no proof. ZF contains eight axioms.
The axiom of extension says that two sets are equal if and only if they have the same elements. For example, the set and the set are equal.
The axiom of foundation says that every set (other than the empty set) contains an element that is disjoint (shares no members) with .
The axiom of specification says that given a set , and a predicate (a function that is either true or false), that a set exists that contains exactly those elements of where is true. For example, if , and is "this is an even number", then the axiom says that the set exists.
The axiom of pairing says that given two sets, there is a set whose members are exactly the two given sets. So, given the two sets and , this axiom says that the set exists.
The axiom of union says that for any set, there exists a set that consists of just the elements of the elements of that set. For example, given the set , this axiom says that the set exists.
The axiom of replacement says that for any set and a function , that the set consisting of the results of calling on all the members of exists. For example, if and is "add ten to this number", then the axiom says that the set exists.
The axiom of infinity says that the set of all integers (as defined by the Von Neumann construction) exists. This is the set
The axiom of power set says that the power set (the set of all subsets) of any set exists. For example, the power set of is
Axiom of choice
The axiom of choice says that it is possible to take one object out of each of the elements of a set and make a new set. For example, given the set , the axiom of choice would show that a set such as exists. For finite sets, this axiom can be proved from the other axioms, but not for infinite sets.
References
Set theory
Paramyxovirus

Paramyxoviruses (from Greek para-, beyond, -myxo-, mucus or slime, plus virus, from Latin poison, slime) are viruses of the Paramyxoviridae family of the Mononegavirales order; they are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses responsible for a number of human and animal diseases.
Viruses
Wilkesboro, North Carolina

Wilkesboro is a town in and the county seat of Wilkes County, North Carolina. The population was 3,413 at the 2010 census.
References
Towns in North Carolina
County seats in North Carolina
Vachendorf

Vachendorf is a municipality in Traunstein in Bavaria, Germany.
Districts
The municipality of Vachendorf has 17 districts.:
References
Traunstein (district)
Embleton

Embleton is a village and civil parish in Allerdale, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 297 people living in Embleton.
References
Villages in Cumbria
Civil parishes in Cumbria
Bab Mansour

Bab Mansur al-'Alj or Bab Mansour (also variously spelled as Bab Mansour al-'Ilj, Bab Mansour al-Eulj, Bab el-Mansour, Bab Mansur, etc) (also known as Bab Mansour Laleuj) is the main gate of the Old Town of Meknes in Morocco. It is one of the largest and most impressive gates in the country. Together with the "outer square (El Hedim Square)", it is considered the country's business card. The gate is located in front of El Hedim Square which is considered to be the most popular square in Morocco.
History
The gate structure was completed in 1732 by Mulay Abdullah who was the son of Sultan Mulay Ismail. The gate marks the main entrance of the imperial palace built for Isla Mulay and the ancient city of Meknes.
The door was designed by a Christian who converted to Islam whose name was "Mansur". Hence the gate's name: "Mansur Gate". The gate structure has been part of the Meknes protected heritage since 1914 and since 1996 has been used as a World Heritage Site along with the Old Town of Meknes.
Geography
The gate structure separates the outer square called Al-Hadim Square. It is adjacent to the Old City wall of Meknes, from the inner square called Lela Awda Square. It served as the "Royal Order Ground". Next to the gate within the walls are the Royal Order Stables, the Royal Prison, and the Meknes City Museum. It is decorated with green ceramics designed with Islamic motifs. The white pillars are columns that used to stand in the Roman city: "Volibilis", which is about 30 km north of the city.
References
Buildings and structures in Morocco
Gates
Oscar Furlong

Oscar Alberto Furlong (October 22, 1927 - June 11, 2018) was an Argentine basketball player, tennis player and tennis coach. He was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
As a basketball player, he was a FIBA World Cup champion in 1950, who also competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics, and at the 1952 Summer Olympics. Furlong was inducted into the FIBA Hall of Fame, in September 2007.
Following his basketball retirement, he played tennis. He was the coach of the Argentine Davis Cup team. In 1977, his last year as a tennis coach, his team reached the semifinals of the 1977 Davis Cup.
Furlong died on June 11, 2018 in Buenos Aires at the age of 90.
References
Other websites
Oscar Furlong FIBA Hall of Fame Profile at FIBA
Oscar Furlong Profile at fiba.com
'El Primer Crack' of Argentine Basketball: Oscar Furlong
"La primera gran estrella" Diario Ole
Biography
1927 births
2018 deaths
Argentine Olympians
Argentine tennis players
Basketball players
Sportspeople from Buenos Aires
Regen, Bavaria

Regen is a town in the German state of Bavaria. It is the capital of the district of Regen.
References
Other websites
Official website
Geff Harrison

Geff Harrison (also known as Richie West, August 24, 1947, Manchester, United Kingdom), is an English singer-songwriter, mostly known for his bands King Ping Meh and Twenty Sixty Six And Then. He created the band Modern Talking along with Dieter Bohlen.
Controversy with Dieter Bohlen
On January 20, 1986, Harrison filled a lawsuit against Dieter Bohlen claiming that he wrote English lyrics for Modern Talking and C.C.Catch, but the lawsuit was settled out of court. According to the ruling of the court, Bohlen and Harrison created the group Modern Talking together.
References
1947 births
Living people
English musicians
Modern Talking
Mostafa Pourmohammadi

Mostafa Pourmohammadi (; born 9 March 1960) is an Iranian politician and prosecutor. He was minister of interior from 2005 to 2008 and minister of justice from 2013 until 2017. Pourmohammadi took part of the 1988 Massacre of Iranian Prisoners.
During the 2020 coronavirus outbreak, Pourmohammadi tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.
References
1960 births
Living people
Iranian politicians
Norfolk

Norfolk is a low-lying county in East Anglia in the east of southern England. It has borders with Lincolnshire to the west, Cambridgeshire to the west and southwest and with Suffolk to the south. Its northern and eastern boundaries are the North Sea coast, including The Wash. The county town is Norwich. Norfolk is home to the Norfolk Broads, a famous tourist and wildlife spot.
People from Norfolk
Horatio Nelson (1758--1805), the English naval commander, was born at Burnham Thorpe, Norfolk.
Steve Flint (born 1961) in Thetford, at age 19 became, the first Norfolk athlete to run under four minutes for the mile. He did this at the Inter-County Championships in Birmingham on May 26 1980.
References
Other websites
Norfolk County Council
BBC Norfolk
NorfolkBroads.com
Guide to Norfolk businesses
Norfolk Guide
Norfolk And Norwich Online
Long Stratton Community Forum
Wymondham YFC
Norfolk Federation of Young Farmers Clubs
An online guided tour of Norfolk in pictures
Norfolk Photos
Norfolk Watermills & Windmills
Ceremonial counties of England
1974 establishments in England
Mechanical energy

In physics, mechanical energy describes the potential energy and kinetic energy present in the components of a mechanical system.
When a given amount of mechanical energy is transferred (such as when throwing a ball, lifting a box, crushing a soda can, or stirring a beverage) it is said that this amount of mechanical work has been done. Both mechanical energy and mechanical work are measured in the same units as energy in general. It is usually said that a component of a system has a certain amount of "mechanical energy" (i.e. it is a state function), whereas "mechanical work" describes the amount of mechanical energy a component has gained or lost.
The conservation of mechanical energy is a principle that states that under certain conditions, the total mechanical energy of a system is constant. This rule does not hold when mechanical energy is converted to other forms, such as chemical, nuclear, or electromagnetic. However, the principle of general conservation of energy is so far an unbroken rule of physics - as far as we know, energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed in form.
Mechanics
Energy
Muharraq

Muharraq (meaning Place of Ashes), is Bahrain's third largest city. It was the capital until 1923. The Muharraq Town was replaced by Manama as the capital of Bahrain.
The city is on Muharraq Island. Bahrain International Airport is located on the island.
Muharraq is home to Muharraq Club, which is Bahrain's most successful football club. The city is also known for its traditional market, or souq, and as a home of traditional arts and music. Ali Bahar, a popular and successful Bahraini singer is from Muharraq.
Gulf Air and Bahrain Air have headquarters in Muharraq.
References
Settlements in Bahrain
Victoria River (Northern Territory)

The Victoria River is in longest river in the Northern Territory of Australia. It flows into the Timor Sea. Philip Parker King explored the mouth of the river on 12 September 1819. In 1839, the crew of HMS Beagle travelled more than 200 km up the river. In 1854 the explorer Augustus Charles Gregory reached the river after crossing the north of Australia from Brisbane, Queensland.
References
Rivers of the Northern Territory
Cupello

Cupello is a comune and town in the province of Chieti in the Abruzzo region of Italy.
References
Settlements in Abruzzo
Vladimir Kiselyov

Vladimir Viktorovich Kiselyov (; ; sometimes listed as Volodymyr Kyselyov 1 January 1957 - 7 January 2021) was a Soviet-born Ukrainian athlete. He competed in the shot put during his career. He competed for the USSR in the 1980 Summer Olympics held in Moscow, where he won the gold medal.
Kiselyov died on 7 January 2021, aged 64.
References
1957 births
2021 deaths
Ukrainian athletes
Soviet Olympic gold medalists
Shot putters
Full Dark, No Stars

Full Dark, No Stars (2010) is a book of four novellas that was written by Stephen King. The book was published on November 9, 2010. The four novellas are 1922, Big Driver, Fair Extension and A Good Marriage.
Other websites
About the book from King's website
2010 books
Books by Stephen King
Jason Crow

Jason A. Crow (born March 15, 1979) is an American lawyer, veteran, and politician. He is a member of the United States House of Representatives for since 2019. He is a member of the Democratic Party.
References
1979 births
Living people
Lawyers from Colorado
United States representatives from Colorado
Politicians from Madison, Wisconsin
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Lawyers from Madison, Wisconsin
East Punjab

East Punjab was a region of India. It was separated from West Punjab, which became a part of Pakistan by the Radcliffe Line after India was divided in 1947. It existed between 1947-1966 and it comprised the present-day states of Himachal Pradesh, Haryana and Doab (India), itself re-named as Indian Punjab. It had an area of 150,037 km2 and today it would have had an combined population of 59,913,826 (2011 est).
References
1940s establishments in India
1947 establishments in Asia
1960s disestablishments in Asia
1966 disestablishments
20th-century disestablishments in India
Himachal Pradesh
20th century in India
Punjab
Andrew Jackson Sr.

Andrew Jackson Sr. (28 February 1737 - 5 March 1369) was an American businessman, politician & father of the 7th U.S. President Andrew Jackson, Hugh Jackson II & Robert Jackson.
Biography
Birth & Early Life
Andrew was born on 28 February 1737 in Steubenville. He was the son of Hugh Jackson I & Elizabeth Creath. Not much was known in his childhood.
College
He got a degree at Harvard University but 3 years later moved to University of Oxford in the United Kingdom.
After Graduating & Returning to Hometown
After he graduated, he went back to his hometown in Ohio & became a businessman before getting into politics in 1767 that is a few months after his oldest son that is Andrew Jackson was born.
Death
He & his family moved to Dallas, Texas where he spent the remaining 2 years of his life before dying in a Car Accident. Because of his death, his family lost some money.
1737 births
Mayfield Heights, Ohio

Mayfield Heights is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. It is an east-side suburb of Cleveland. 18,827 people lived here at the 2010 census.
References
Cities in Ohio
Postage stamp

Postage stamps are pieces of paper which signal that payment has been made for the item to be mailed.
These days they have adhesive on the back. They are put on the top right-hand corner of an envelope. They pay the fee for having the postal service take the envelope to where it is being sent.
The idea was British, and the first postage stamps were issued in Britain in the mid-nineteenth century. On 1 May 1840, the Penny Black, the first adhesive postage stamp, was issued in the United Kingdom.
There are a lot of different postage stamps in the world. Most countries have their own stamps. People used to collect them in books called stamp albums. Sometimes, the stamps all have errors in the printing like in the "Inverted Jenny" picture with the aeroplane printed upside down.
People on stamps
People on stamps is one more common topic in stamp collecting. For instance, many famous people are featured on stamps in the United States.
Maps on stamps
Maps on stamps is a common topic on stamp collecting. Almost every country has featured maps on stamps. There are also topic maps including demographic and cross topic ones (showing explorer routes over maps).
Related pages
Mail
Penny Black
Philately
War tax due stamp
Other websites
References
Cymmer, Rhondda Cynon Taf

Cymmer is a village in the Rhondda Valley Wales. Cymmer is in the lower Rhondda Valley about half way between Treorchy and Pontypridd.
History
Cymmer, which is now seen as a part of Porth takes its name from the old Welsh word that describes a spot where two rivers of the same name join.
Before coal mining, not many people lived in Cymmer. Cymmer was one of the first villages within the Rhondda Valley. The Lewis colliery had many examples of the pithead gear in South Wales Rhondda Heritage Park now has the only pithead gear in the Rhondda. In 1847 George Insole opened his first mine in Cymmer. In 1855 he opened a second pit in Cymmer near the old pit.
The Cymmer Mining Explosion 1856
Tuesday 15th July 1856 at the Old Pit in Cymmer, there was an explosion which was Britain's largest mining accident at that time. One hundred and sixty men and boys lowered down the shaft to begin their shift when the explosion took place. 114 people were killed. The explosion was caused by miners carrying open flames which lit pockets of gas.
Important Buildings in Cymmer
Cymmer chapel The earliest independent Chapel in the Rhondda appointed its first Minister in 1752. Little is known of its earlier history although it is known to have been made in 1740.
St John Church is in a prominent position on the hillside above the earlier settlement of Cymmer centred round the Cymmer Chapel.
Transport
Cymmer is on the A4119 road half a mile from its junction with the A4058 road.
Notes
Villages in Wales
Nagayasu Honda

was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Honda played for Waseda WMW which was consisted of his alma mater Waseda University players and graduates. At the club, he played with many Japan national team players Shigeyoshi Suzuki, Haruo Arima, Misao Tamai, Tamotsu Asakura, Shigeru Takahashi, Shojiro Sugimura, Ko Takamoro, Michiyo Taki and Tameo Ide. He won 1928 Emperor's Cup at the club.
In August 1927, when Honda was a Waseda University Senior High School student, he was selected the Japan national team for Far Eastern Championship Games in Shanghai. At this competition, on August 27, he debuted against Republic of China. On August 29, he also played against Philippines, and Japan won this match. This is Japan national team first victory in "International A Match". He also played at 1930 Far Eastern Championship Games in Tokyo and Japan won the championship. He played 4 games for Japan until 1930.
Statistics
|-
|1927||2||0
|-
|1928||0||0
|-
|1929||0||0
|-
|1930||2||0
|-
!Total||4||0
|}
References
Other websites
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Japanese footballers
Japan international footballers
Charles E. Merrill Jr.

Charles E. Merrill Jr. (1920 - November 29, 2017) was an American educator, author, and philanthropist. He was best known for supporting historically black colleges and founding the Commonwealth School in Boston.
Merrill Jr. died on November 29, 2017, in Nowy Sacz, Poland at the age of 97.
References
Other websites
Commonwealth School Website
Article re Merrill College at UC Santa Cruz
1920 births
2017 deaths
Harvard University alumni
Educators from Massachusetts
Philanthropists from Massachusetts
Writers from Massachusetts
Alfonso Portillo

Alfonso Antonio Portillo Cabrera (born September 24, 1951) is a Guatemalan politician. He was the 33rd President of Guatemala from 2000 to 2004.
References
Other websites
Biography by CIDOB
Presidents of Guatemala
1951 births
Living people
Central India

Central India is an Indian region.
Central India consists of two Indian states: Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. It shares a border with Rajasthan, Gujarat, Odisha, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra and Telangana.One of the states i.e.Chattisgarh is ruled by the Congress with Chief Minister Bhupesh Baghel.
Raipur: capital city and largest city of Chhattisgarh.
Indore: the largest city of Madhya Pradesh
Bhopal: the capital city of Madhya Pradesh.
This map of India (press to open) shows all central Indian states in the color pink. The larger one is Madhya Pradesh while the smaller one is Chhattisgarh.
Regions of India
Damian Lewis

Damian Watcyn Lewis (born 11 February 1971) is an English actor and movie producer.
Lewis played U.S. Army Major Richard Winters in the HBO miniseries Band of Brothers, U.S. Marine Sergeant Nicholas Brody in the Showtime series Homeland, King Henry VIII in the BBC Two serial Wolf Hall and currently plays Bobby Axelrod in the Showtime series Billions (2016-present).
For his role in Homeland, he has earned a Primetime Emmy Award and a Golden Globe Award.
Lewis has also appeared in movies such as Stormbreaker (2005), The Baker (2007), Will (2011), Your Highness (2011), The Sweeney (2012), Queen of the Desert (2015), Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (2019).
Lewis was born in St John's Wood, London. He was married to actress Helen McCrory from 2007 until her death from cancer in 2021. The couple had two children. Lewis is a supporter of Liverpool Football Club.
References
Other websites
1971 births
Living people
Actors from London
English movie actors
English movie producers
English radio actors
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Officers of the Order of the British Empire
People educated at Eton College
Reichenberg, Bavaria

Reichenberg is a market town and municipality in Wurzburg in Bavaria in Germany. It has the villages Albertshausen, Fuchsstadt, Lindflur, Reichenberg and Uengershausen.
References
Wurzburg (district)
Blackstone, Virginia

Blackstone is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.
Towns in Virginia
Peter Fonda

Peter Henry Fonda (February 23, 1940 - August 16, 2019) was an American actor. He and Dennis Hopper starred in the motorcycle movies, The Wild Angels and Easy Rider. He appeared in many other movies, including Ulee's Gold, in which he was nominated for an Academy Award, Thomas and the Magic Railroad and The Passion of Ayn Rand.
Personal life
Fonda wrote an autobiography, Don't Tell Dad: A Memoir, which was published in 1998. He had a home in Paradise Valley, Montana in 1975. Fonda died of respiratory failure and lung cancer on August 16, 2019.
Filmography
References
Other websites
Official Website: www.peterfonda.com
1940 births
2019 deaths
Actors from New York City
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Golden Globe Award winning actors
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Silverstone

Silverstone is a village and civil parish in Northamptonshire, England. It is about from Towcester on the former A43 main road, from the M1 motorway junction 15A and about from the M40 motorway junction 10, Northampton, Milton Keynes and Banbury. The A43 now bypasses to the south-east of the village, between the village and the race circuit.
History
The village is listed in the Domesday Book.
In the Middle Ages the village trade was primarily in timber from the surrounding Whittlewood forest, through the use of coppicing. Coppicing is a method of managing a forest. It allows trees to regrow after they have been cut down.
Parish church
The first chapel in Silverstone was built by 1200 AD. In about 1780 the mediaeval building was replaced by a Georgian building. That building was enlarged in 1841 and 1852. The entire church was demolished (torn down) in the 1880's and replaced by the present Church of England parish church of Saint Michael. The building is a Gothic Revival designed by JP St Aubyn. It was finished in 1884.
Facilities
The village has a public house, the White Horse Inn.
About south of the village is the Silverstone Circuit. It was a Royal Air Force bomber base during World War II. Now it is the home of the British Grand Prix, a Formula One race. The race track attracts more than 300,000 visitors each year.
References
Further reading
Other websites
Villages in Northamptonshire
Bossk

Bossk was a male Trandoshan bounty hunter from Star Wars. He first appeared in Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back on Darth Vader's flagship with other bounty hunters. Vader tasked the bounty hunters with finding the Millennium Falcon which Boba Fett ended up finding. Bossk is also seen in the background in Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi. Like the rest of his species, Bossk has a hatred for Wookiees and a personal hatred for Chewbacca. Bossk also appears in Star Wars: The Clone Wars where he helps a young Boba Fett learn the ways of bounty hunting with other bounty hunters. Bossk has also appeared in many books and comics. In the novel, Ezra's Gamble Bossk and Ezra Bridger work together to expose a corrupt Imperial officer.
References
Star Wars characters
Guosa

Guosa is a constructed language. It was created by Alex Igbineweka in 1965. It was designed to be a combination of the indigenous languages of Nigeria and to serve as a lingua franca to West Africa.
Source Languages
Though Guosa draws its vocabulary from at least 118 native West African languages, it gets most of its vocabulary from Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo, either taken directly or made from a combination of words from these languages. English also provides many of the more technical terms, either directly or through one of the African languages said before. Also, some words were produced a priori via sound symbolism, e.g. meeh "sheep", yanmu-yanmu "mosquito", and wuam "eat".
The different parts of speech came from particular languages. Most nouns come from Hausa, while verbs and abstracts come from Igbo or Yoruba. Also, words from all three source languages are often joined together to create a word that looks like all three. For example, the Guosa word meni "what" comes from Hausa menini, Igbo gini, and Yoruba kini, all meaning "what".
References
Languages of Africa
Constructed languages
Languages of Nigeria
Ehr, Germany

Ehr is a municipality of the district Rhein-Lahn, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. As of 31 December 2018, 64 people lived there.
Municipalities in Rhineland-Palatinate
Wies, Baden-Württemberg

Wies is a village and a former municipality in Lorrach in Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany. Since 1 January 2009, it became part of the new municipality of Kleines Wiesental.
Former municipalities in Baden-Wurttemberg
Villages in Baden-Wurttemberg
Lorrach (district)
4 Strings

4 Strings is a Dutch techno music group with a female lead singer. "Diving" is one of their most popular songs. Believe is one of their albums.
Discography
Albums
2003 - Believe
2004 - Let It Rain
2006 - Mainline
Singles
References
Techno music
Dutch musical groups
Toby Smith

Toby Grafftey-Smith (29 October 1970 - 12 April 2017), known professionally as Toby Smith, was an English musician. He was most famous for being the keyboardist and co-songwriter for Jamiroquai from 1992 until he left from the band in 2002.
Smith left Jamiroquai in 2002 during the Funk Odyssey tour due to family commitments.
He was the music producer and manager for the English pop-rock band The Hoosiers.
He owned Angelic Recording Studios based near Banbury.
Smith died on 11 April 2017. He was 46 years old.
References
1970 births
2017 deaths
English pop musicians
English songwriters
British keyboardists
Musicians from London
Writers from London
Jamiroquai
Englebelmer

Englebelmer is a commune. It is in the Picardie region in the Somme department in the north of France. In 2011, 278 people lived there.
References
Communes in Somme
Fransu

Fransu is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Asghar Khan

Air Marshal Asghar Khan (17 January 1921 - 5 January 2018) was Pakistani politician, aviation historian, peace activist, and retired three star rank air force general.
Khan served as the first native Commander in Chief of the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) under President Iskander Mirza (1956-59) and under President Ayub Khan until resigning in 1965 before the start of the air operations of the PAF during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.
In 1970, Asghar Khan founded the secular party, the Tehrik-e-Istiqlal, but performed poorly in 1970 parliamentary elections.
Khan died on 5 January 2018 in Abbottabad, Pakistan of complications from Parkinson's disease at the age of 96.
References
1921 births
2018 deaths
Politicians from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Pakistani historians
Pakistani military people
Ludwig (movie)

Ludwig is a 1973 Italian French German biographical drama movie directed by Luchino Visconti and starring Helmut Berger, Romy Schneider, Trevor Howard, Silvana Mangano, Gert Frobe, Helmut Griem, John Moulder-Brown, Heinz Moog.
Other websites
1973 drama movies
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Italian LGBT movies
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Monegasque movies
Movies directed by Luchino Visconti
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Movies set in the 1870s
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Vish (TV series)

Vish: A Poisonous Story is an Indian television Supernatural drama. Produced by Alind Srivastava and Nissar Parvej, and starring Debina Bonnerjee, Sana Makbul, Vishal Vashishtha and Krip Suri, it premiered on Colors TV. It went off air in September 2019 due to the premiere of Bigg Boss 13. Season 2 of Vish was gonna launch in February 2020, but it was canceled in in late October.
Cast
Main Cast
Debina Bonnerjee as Sabrina Kothari / Vishaili - a vishkanya and Mohit's wife who only married him to save her lover, Vishaila
Sana Makbul as Dr Aliya Sanyal - Mohit's doctor who later marries Aditya
Vishal Vashishtha as Aditya Veer Kothari - Mohit's younger brother and Aliya's husband
Krip Suri as Vishera - Sabrina's arch enemy
Recurring Cast
Ankit Gulati as Mohit Veer Kothari - Aditya's elder brother and Sabrina's husband. He is handicapped because of Sabrina
Nalini Negi as Katrina - resurrected by Sabrina to help her but later becomes her enemy. She is engaged to Aditya
Ayush Anand as Shekhar - an inspector who is an old friend of Aliya but is revealed to be working with Sabrina
Sunila Karambelkar as Maria - housekeeper of Kothari Estate. Has no choice but to help Sabrina as her son is kidnapped by her
Shantanu Monga as Siddharth - Aditya's friend who gets killed by Sabrina
References
2019 Indian television series debuts
Hindi-language television series
Trafford

The Metropolitan Borough of Trafford is a metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England. It is home to 211,800 people, covers 41 square miles, and includes the towns of Altrincham, Partington, Sale, Stretford, and Urmston. Until 1974 the area was part of Cheshire.
References
Other websites
www.trafford.gov.uk, Trafford Council.
www.trafford.nhs.uk , Trafford NHS website.
Dozier, Alabama

Dozier is a town in Crenshaw County, Alabama, United States. At the 2010 census, the population was 329. Dozier was incorporated in 1907.
References
Towns in Alabama
Governorate

The governorate is the administrative division of the country. It is headed by governor / Caliph. English-speaking nations name regions that have governors either states, provinces or colonies
Arab countries
The word governorate is widely used in Arab countries.
Governorates of Bahrain
Governorates of Egypt
Governorates of Iraq (official translation, sometimes also translated as province)
Governorates of Jordan
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Governorates of Tunisia (wilayah)
Governorates of Yemen
Political subdivisions
Prince Charles of Luxembourg (1927–1977)

Prince Charles of Luxembourg, Prince of Bourbon-Parma and Nassau (born Charles Frederic Louis Guillaume Marie; 7 August 1927 - 26 July 1977), was a younger son of Grand Duchess Charlotte and Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma.
References
1927 births
1977 deaths
Luxembourgian princes and princesses
Luxembourgian politicians
Queen of Hearts

The Queen of Hearts is a fictional character from the 1865 book Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, of which she is also a major antagonist in. She is well-known for ordering the execution of people who annoy her in the smallest ways.
Many people believe her to be an exaggerated version of Elizabeth I and Queen Victoria. The Queen of Hearts is often seen as the villain in most adaptations of the story.
In Alice in Wonderland, she is voiced by Verna Felton. In Tim Burton's version of the story, the Queen of Hearts and the Red Queen (from Through the Looking-Glass) are combined into once character played by Helena Bonham Carter.
Fictional characters
Villains
Saint-Vincent-sur-Jard

Saint-Vincent-sur-Jard is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Vendee department in the west of France.
Communes in Vendee
Calisthenics

Calisthenics is a series of exercises used to develop strength, power and balance or a repeated rhythmical exercise that uses the weight of the body as resistance or the systematic exercises for attaining strength-gracefulness or the practice of calisthenic exercises.
The name calisthenics is Greek in origin, a combination of the words 'beauty' and 'strength'.
Calisthenics is recommended for general good health, light exercises designed to promote general physical fitness.
Related pages
Equilibrioception
Flexibility training
Jogging
Training
Weight training
Fitness
Ballet Master

Ballet Master (also Balletmaster, Ballet Mistress, Premier Maitre de ballet or Premier Maitre de ballet en Chef) is an employee of a ballet company. The Ballet Master is responsible for keeping the dancers in the company to a high level of competence.
Ballet masters (or ballet mistresses for women) teach the daily company ballet class. They rehearse the dancers for both new and old ballets in the company's repertoire. The artistic director of a ballet company may also be called its ballet master.
Ballet
Entertainment occupations