pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Ocean acidification

Ocean acidification is the decrease in the pH (scale of acidity and alkalinity) and increase in acidity of the Earth's oceans. It is caused by the increase of carbon dioxide (CO2) that humans have put into the atmosphere. More than 30% of the carbon dioxide in the air goes into the oceans. Therefore, when carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases, the carbon dioxide in the ocean increases, too.
When carbon dioxide enters the oceans, it makes it more acidic.
Problems
The skeletons and shells of many sea animals need what is known as calcium carbonate minerals. Due to ocean acidification, there are fewer of these minerals and there are species that could no longer produce or keep their shells. With more carbon dioxide in the ocean, this problem becomes worse and many species will be at risk. As a result, if humans continue to emit greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, ocean life will be in severe danger. Also, coral is at risk, as it is being eroded by the acid in the ocean.
Between 1751 CE and 1994 CE the ocean's pH on the surface went from 8.25 to 8.1.
Other websites
The Climate Change Guide easy-to-understand information on the effects of climate change
Acidification
Environmental issues
Climate change
Elizabeth Gracen

Elizabeth Ward Gracen (3 April 1961) is a former Miss America Pageant winner and American actress who acted in movies and television programs before 2000. She was crowned Miss America 1982, and Miss Arkansas before that. Her acts included acting as Amanda in the TV show Highlander: The Series. She was born near Ozark, Arkansas and graduated from Russellville High School in 1979.
Filmography
Gracen played roles in other films such as
Three For The Road
Marked For Death
Pass The Ammo
83 Hours Till Dawn
Lower Level
Discretion Assured and others
She also appeared in TV series such as
Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
The Sands of Time
Death of the Incredible Hulk
Extreme for NBC
Renegade
Queen of Swords
Recently in 2012, Gracen formed Flapper Films; a company that produces inspirational content.
References
Living people
1961 births
American television actors
Actors from Arkansas
Miss America winners
Giuseppe Caselli

Giuseppe Guglielmo Umberto Caselli (July 5, 1893 - December 19, 1976) was an Italian painter. He studied under Felice Del Santo and Antonio Discovolo. In 1913, Caselli was imprisoned in a concentration camp in Austria. After that, he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Florence. In 1938 he participated in the Premio del Golfo (Gulf Award), organized by Filippo Tommaso Marinetti.
Caselli was one of the best known painters from La Spezia. He painted thousands of works during his long career. In his paintings, Caselli showed the life of La Spezia. He painted the life in the Cinque Terre (Five Lands), a portion of coast on the Italian Riviera.
Exhibitions and awards
The "Company Promoters of Genoa"
The Second Exhibition of the Provincial Fascist Union in 1931
1965 at the Exhibition of Figurative Arts of Corsairs Circle, La Spezia
1967, the exhibition of the Salon Arengario Broletto in Novara
Awarded the national prize for his painting "La Spezia Gulf" in 1933
Awarded prizes of the "Gulf of La Spezia" from 1949 to 1955; in 1959 and 1961;
Related pages
List of Italian painters
References
1893 births
1976 deaths
Italian painters
Coffee Springs, Alabama

Coffee Springs is a town in the U.S. state of Alabama.
Towns in Alabama
Gerry Fairhead

Arthur Gerald "Gerry" Fairhead (March 23, 1923 - July 5, 2019) was a Canadian sailor. He placed eighth in the Star class at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
Fairhead died on July 5, 2019 at the age of 96.
References
Other websites
1923 births
2019 deaths
Canadian Olympians
Electoral district of Evelyn

Evelyn is an electoral district of Victoria. It was created in 1859. It is in the Eastern Victoria Region.
Election results
References
Evelyn
Wyckoff, New Jersey

Wyckoff is a township in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 16,696. The mayor of Wyckoff is Douglas J. Christie.
Townships in New Jersey
Kartik Aaryan

Kartik Aaryan is an Indian actor who primarily appears in Hindi films. His career has steadily been on the upward trajectory ever since his debut in a lead role in the romantic comedy Pyaar Ka Punchnama (2011), which film was a major commercial success; and for which he earned a Producers Guild Film Awards nomination for Best Male Debut. He has since been seen in lead roles in successful films such as Sonu Ke Titu Ki Sweety (2018), Luka Chuppi (2019), Bhool Bhulaiyaa 2 (2022) etc.
1990 births
Living people
Indian movie actors
Eliezer Schweid

Eliezer Schweid (7 September 1929 - 18 January 2022) was an Israeli scholar, writer and philosopher. He was the Professor of Jewish Philosophy at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was also a fellow of the Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. In 1994, Schweid won the Israel Prize, in Jewish thought. He was born in Jerusalem, Israel.
Schweid died in Jerusalem on 18 January 2022, at the age of 92.
References
1929 births
2022 deaths
Jewish Israeli writers
Israeli academics
Israeli philosophers
People from Jerusalem
Fatti maschi, parole femmine

Fatti maschi, parole femmine is an Italian phrase literally meaning "deeds are males, words are females", but the actual institutional meaning is "strong deeds, gentle words". This phrase is the state motto of Maryland.
References
State mottos of the United States
Italian language
Maryland
Masato Kudo

was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Kudo was born in Suginami, Tokyo on May 6, 1990. He joined J1 League club Kashiwa Reysol in 2009. Although he debuted in 2009, Kashiwa was relegated to J2 League end of the 20092 season. He played many matches from 2010 and Kashiwa won the J2 champions in 2010. In 2011, Kashiwa won the J1 champions. Kashiwa also won the champions in 2012 Emperor's Cup and 2013 J.League Cup. He played 179 matches and score 66 goals in 7 seasons. In 2016, he moved to Major League Soccer club Vancouver Whitecaps. In 2017, he returned to Japan and joined Sanfrecce Hiroshima. Hiroshima won the champions in 2018 J1 League. In 2019, he moved to J2 club Renofa Yamaguchi FC and played in 1 season. In December 2020, he signed with A-League club Brisbane Roar.
In July 2013, Kudo was selected the Japan national team for 2013 East Asian Cup. At this tournament, he debuted and scored a goal against China on July 21. He played 4 games and scored 2 goals for Japan in 2013.
Kudo died on October 21, 2022 from complications of brain surgery, at the age of 32.
Statistics
|-
|2009||rowspan="7"|Kashiwa Reysol||J1 League||3||0||2||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|-
|2010||J2 League||27||10||2||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||29||11
|-
|2011||rowspan="5"|J1 League||25||7||3||2||2||0||colspan="2"|-||30||9
|-
|2012||33||13||5||2||4||2||6||0||48||17
|-
|2013||33||19||2||0||4||2||12||6||51||27
|-
|2014||34||7||2||0||10||4||colspan="2"|-||46||11
|-
|2015||34||10||3||0||2||1||8||4||47||15
|-
|2016||Vancouver Whitecaps||Major League Soccer||17||2||0||0||0||0||1||0||18||2
|-
|2017||rowspan="2"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="2"|J1 League||18||3||3||3||4||1||colspan="2"|-||25||7
|-
|2018||12||1||2||2||5||2||colspan="2"|-||19||5
|-
|2019||Renofa Yamaguchi FC||J2 League||27||4||2||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||29||5
|-
|2020/21||Brisbane Roar||A-League||||||||||||||||||||
246||74||26||11||31||12||26||10||329||107
17||2||0||0||0||0||1||0||18||2
||||||||||||||||||
263||76||26||11||31||12||27||10||347||109
|}
|-
|2013||4||2
|-
!Total||4||2
|}
References
Other websites
1990 births
Living people
Footballers from Tokyo Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Kashiwa Reysol players
Sanfrecce Hiroshima players
Renofa Yamaguchi FC players
Bactrosaurus

Bactrosaurus was a hadrosaur from the Upper Cretaceous about 70 milion years ago. This plant-eating dinosaur. was found in the Gobi Desert of China. It was about 6 metres (20 feet) long and 2 metres (6.6 feet) high when standing on all fours. It weighed 1.1 to 1.5 tonnes (2,400 to 3,300 pounds).
Research showed that this genus and its near relatives were unusually prone to cancer. Among more than 10,000 specimens x-rayed, tumors were only found in these Cretaceous hadrosaurs (duck-billed dinosaurs). The reason for this is not known.
References
Dinosaurs of Asia
Cretaceous dinosaurs
Hadrosauridae
Tony Benneworth

Anthony John Benneworth (12 December 1950 - 10 March 2018) was an Australian cricketer and politician. He played for Tasmania from 1971 until 1979. He was a right-handed batsman a right-arm medium-pace bowler.
He was the Liberal candidate for Bass in the 2001 federal election but lost to Labor's Michelle O'Byrne. From 1992 to 1998 he served in the Tasmanian House of Assembly.
Benneworth died in a boating accident off Ansons Bay, Tasmania on 10 March 2018.
References
1950 births
2018 deaths
Australian cricketers
Accidental deaths in Australia
Politicians from Launceston, Tasmania
Costas Simitis

Konstantinos G. "Costas" Simitis (; born 23 June 1936), sometimes called Costas Simitis or Kostas Simitis (Kostas Semites), is a Greek politician. He served as Prime Minister of Greece and was leader of the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) from 1996 to 2004.
References
Other websites
His profile in Who is Who at Nato
Simitis' article on Greece's deficit revision in 2004 by the new government as posted in Financial Times
Website of Costas Simitis
1936 births
Living people
Eastern Orthodox Christians
Government ministers of Greece
Prime Ministers of Greece
F. W. Bernstein

F. W. Bernstein (born Fritz Weigle, 4 March 1938 - 20 December 2018) was a German poet, cartoonist, satirist and academic. He worked for the satirical monthly Pardon. He was professor of caricature and comics at the Berlin University of the Arts from 1984 to 1999. He was one of the founding members of the Neue Frankfurter Schule, which published the satirical Titanic.
Bernstein died on 20 December 2018 in Berlin at the age of 80.
References
Other websites
Der Gottinger Elch
Lyriker und Satiriker F.W. Bernstein gestorben (obituary) Frankfurter Allgemeinen Zeitung, 21 December 2018
Nachruf auf den Karikaturisten F.W. Bernstein Ein fast schon kriminell bescheidener Mann rbb24.de 21 December 2018
1938 births
2018 deaths
German poets
German cartoonists
German educators
Miúcha

Heloisa Maria Buarque de Hollanda (30 November 1937 - 27 December 2018), also known as Miucha, was a Brazilian singer and composer. She was born in Rio de Janeiro. In 1960 she moved to Paris where she studied Art History at the Ecole du Louvre.
In 1975 she made her first professional recording as a singer on the album The Best of Two Worlds. Miucha partnered with Tom Jobim on two albums, 1977 and 1979, and was part of the show organized by Aloysio de Oliveira along with Vinicius de Moraes, Tom Jobim and Toquinho. The act was shown for a year at Canecao in Rio de Janeiro.
Miucha died on 27 December 2018, in Rio de Janeiro from respiratory failure, at the age of 81.
References
1937 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
Singers from Rio de Janeiro
Brazilian composers
Writers from Rio de Janeiro
Seven-arm octopus

The seven-arm octopus (Haliphron atlanticus), also known as the septopus or the heptopus, is claimed to be the largest octopus. The claim is based on a partial specimen, and the estimation is of a 4 metre length and a weight of 75 kg. The North Pacific giant octopus is its rival in size.
In 2002, a single specimen of giant proportions was caught by fisheries trawling off the eastern Chatham Rise, New Zealand. This specimen, the largest of this species and of all octopuses, was the first validated record of Haliphron from the South Pacific. It had a mantle length of 0.69 m, total length of 2.90 m, and weight of 61.0 kg, although it was incomplete.
Description
The seven-arm octopus gets its name because the male's hectocotylus (a specially modified arm used in egg fertilization) is coiled in a sac beneath the right eye.
Cephalopods
Azerbaijan Technological University

Azerbaijan Technological University () is a public university, specialized in engineering, light industry, and food industry. It is in Ganja, Azerbaijan. It was founded in 1981 by the government of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic. The university has 3 faculties and 21 departments.
References
Related pages
List of universities in Baku
Other websites
Official website
Technical colleges and universities in Azerbaijan
20th-century establishments in Azerbaijan
1981 establishments in Asia
1981 establishments in Europe
Swan, Iowa

Swan is a city in Iowa in the United States.
References
Cities in Iowa
Sharbat Ali Changezi

Sharbat Ali Changezi (Urdu: ) is a Pakistani, Hazara retired Air Marshal.
Changezi was born in Quetta, British India into a family of Hazara ethnic group, He was the Air Marshal of Pakistan Air Force and veteran of Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 and 1971.
Related pages
Muhammad Musa Khan Hazara
References
Other websites
Hazara people
Pakistani military people
1932 births
Quetta
Alcántara Bridge

Alcantara Bridge (also called Puente Trajan at Alcantara) is a Roman stone arch bridge. It was built over the Tagus River, Alcantara, Spain between 104 and 106 AD. The Roman emperor Trajan ordered this bridge built in 98 AD. The Alcantara Bridge was built at the expense of 12 local municipalities in Lusitania. The names were added on an inscription on the archway over the central pier.
The original length of this bridge was . It is now long The clear spans of the six arches from the right to the left riverside are , , , , and
The Alcantara Bridge was one of 100 finalists for the 12 Treasures of Spain in 2007.
References
General references
David J. Brown, Bridges (New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1993), p. 25
Manuel Duran Fuentes, La Construccion de Puentes Romanos en Hispania (Santiago de Compostela: Xunta de Galicia, 2004), pp. 194-200
Vittorio Galliazzo, I ponti romani, Catalogo generale Vol. 2 (Treviso: Edizioni Canova, 1994), pp. 353-358 (No. 754)
Bernhard Graf, Bridges that Changed the World (Munich: Prestel, 2002), pp. 20-21
Colin O'Connor, Roman Bridges (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), pp. 109-111 (SP21)
Other websites
Bridges in Europe
Buildings and structures in Spain
12 Treasures of Spain - Finalists
Transport in Spain
2nd-century buildings and structures
David Rudman (wrestler)

David Rudman (April 13, 1943 - February 8, 2022) was a Russian-American wrestler, Sambo world champion, and judo European champion. He won two gold medals at the European Judo Championships in 1969 and 1970.
References
1943 births
2022 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Russian wrestlers
American wrestlers
Judoka
American martial artists
Sambo practitioners
2019 FIFA Women's World Cup Group D

Group D of the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup matches took place from 9 to 19 June 2019. The group consisted of Argentina, England, Japan and Scotland. England and Japan, advanced to the round of 16.
Teams
Notes
Standings
Source: FIFA Rules for classification: TiebreakersIn the round of 16:
The winners of Group D, England, advanced to play the third-placed team of Group E, Cameroon.
The runners-up of Group D, Japan, advanced to play the winners of Group E, the Netherlands.
Matches
All times listed are local, CEST (UTC+2).
England vs Scotland
Argentina vs Japan
Japan vs Scotland
England vs Argentina
Japan vs England
Scotland vs Argentina
References
Interlanguage link template link number
Group D
Riespach

Riespach is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France. In 2015, 686 people lived there.
Related pages
Communes of the Haut-Rhin department
References
INSEE commune file
Communes in Haut-Rhin
Gennady Timchenko

Gennady Nikolayevich Timchenko (, also spelled Guennadi Timtchenko; born 9 November 1952) is a Russian billionaire businessman. He founded and owns the private investment group, Volga Group. He was a co-owner of Gunvor Group.
In 2019, Timchenko was ranked 42nd on the Forbes magazine billionaires list, with a fortune of US$22.7 billion.
He is known for being the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Kontinental Hockey League, and President of the SKA Saint Petersburg ice hockey club.
He is a citizen of Russia, Finland and Armenia.
References
1952 births
Living people
Russian businesspeople
Caltrain

Caltrain is a California commuter rail line. It serves the San Francisco Peninsula and Santa Clara Valley (Silicon Valley). The southern end of the line is in San Jose at Tamien station. Caltrain has 28 regular stops.
References
Transport in California
trains
San Francisco Bay Area
Sverdlovsk Oblast

Sverdlovsk Oblast (, Sverdlovskaya oblast) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Yekaterinburg, formerly known as Sverdlovsk. In 2010, 4,297,747 people lived in the oblast.
References
Horní Rápotice

Horni Rapotice is a village in the Pelhrimov District, Vysocina Region of the Czech Republic. About 157 people live there and it has 3.98 km2. It was first documented in 1352.
Villages in Vysocina Region
Harry Brown (movie)

Harry Brown is a 2009 vigilante action-thriller movie. It was directed by Daniel Barber and starring Michael Caine, Emily Mortimer, Iain Glen, Jack O'Connell and Liam Cunningham. It premiered as a Special Presentation at the 2009 Toronto International Film Festival.
Plot
Described as a "modern urban western" the titular Harry Brown (Caine) is an elderly widower and ex-marine who has lived to see his neighbourhood overrun by violent gangs, drugs and crime.
When his best friend Leonard (Bradley) is murdered and the gang leader responsible walks free, Harry finds himself snapping. Soon, his desire for revenge leads to the unlikely vigilante facing up to the young thugs with terrifying results.
Cast
Michael Caine as Harry Brown
Emily Mortimer as Frampton
Iain Glen as Childs
Liam Cunningham as Sid
Jack O'Connell as Marky
Charlie Creed-Miles as Hickock
Joseph Gilgun as Kenny
David Bradley as Leonard
Raza Jaffrey as Father Bracken
Sean Harris as Stretch
References
Other websites
2009 movies
UNOVIS

UNOVIS was an important group of Russian artists. It was taken over by Kazimir Malevich at the Vitebsk Art School in 1919. It started of with a group of students and was called MOLPOSNOVIS. The group developed new idea about art. Once Malevich became the leader they changed their name to UNOVIS. The group only lasted until 1926.
UNOVIS stood for "Utverditeli Novovo Iskusstva" which is Russian. In English it meant "affirmers of the new art".
Foundation and growth
The group had many changes. First known as MOLPOSNOVIS, after the school's teachers joined and it became POSNOVIS. In 1920, Malevich was invited them to teach at the school in 1919 by Marc Chagall. In February of the same year Malevich became leader.
References
Russian artists
Isthmohyla angustilineata

The narrow-lined tree frog (Isthmohyla angustilineata) is a frog that lives in Costa Rica and Panama. Scientists have seen it between 1500 and 2040 meters above sea level.
This frog is brown or green in color with stripes on its sides. This frog has no webbing on its front feet, only on its back feet. All of its toes have disks on them for climbing.
This frog lives in forests that have a large amount of water in the air.
The female frog lays eggs in depressions in the ground.
References
Frogs of North America
Angelica

Angelica is a genus of about 50 species of tall biennial and perennial herbs in the family Apiaceae, native to temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere, reaching as far North as Iceland and Lapland. They grow to 1-3 m tall, with large bipinnate leaves and large compound umbels of white or greenish-white flowers.
Species
Some species can be found in Purple Moor and Rush Pastures.
Angelica ampla - Giant Angelica
Angelica archangelica - Garden Angelica, Archangel, Angelique
Angelica arguta - Lyall's Angelica
Angelica atropurpurea - Purplestem Angelica, Alexanders
Angelica breweri - Brewer's Angelica
Angelica californica - California Angelica
Angelica callii - Call's Angelica
Angelica canbyi - Canby's Angelica
Angelica cartilaginomarginata
Angelica dahurica - bai zhi in Chinese
Angelica dawsonii - Dawson's Angelica
Angelica dentata - Coastalplain Angelica
Angelica genuflexa - Kneeling Angelica
Angelica gigas - Cham dangwi in Korean
Angelica glabra - synonym for Angelica dahurica
Angelica grayi - Gray's Angelica
Angelica hendersonii - Henderson's Angelica
Angelica keiskei -- Ashitaba in Japanese
Angelica kingii - King's Angelica
Angelica lineariloba - Poison Angelica
Angelica lucida - Seacoast Angelica
Angelica pachyacarpa
Angelica palustris
Angelica pinnata - Small-leaf Angelica
Angelica pubescens
Angelica roseana - Rose Angelica
Angelica sinensis - Dong quai
Angelica scabrida - Charleston Mountain Angelica
Angelica sylvestris - Wild Angelica
Angelica tomentosa - Woolly Angelica
Angelica triquinata - Filmy Angelica
Angelica venenosa - Hairy Angelica
Angelica wheeleri - Utah Angelica
References
Apiaceae
Herbs
Elly Mayday

Ashley Shandrel Luther (April 15, 1988 - March 1, 2019), better known as Elly Mayday, was a Canadian model and activist for women's health. She was known for battling ovarian cancer throughout her modeling career. She was photographed with surgical scars and a bald head from chemotherapy.
In 2013, she was diagnosed with a rare form of ovarian cancer only seen in elderly women. She was originally called a plus-size model by industry standards, a label which she rejected, saying that she embraced her size 14 body, and was normal size.
She was on the front a campaign for the Australian Women's Weekly and was one of six models featured in plus-size lingerie company Lane Bryant's #ImNoAngel campaign in April 2015. Her unretouched surgery scars were visible in the photographs.
Mayday died from the disease on March 1, 2019 at a hospital in Vancouver, aged 30.
References
1988 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from ovarian cancer
Canadian models
Canadian activists
People from Saskatchewan
People from Vancouver
Battle for the Planet of the Apes

Battle for the Planet of the Apes is a 1973 American science fiction movie directed by J. Lee Thompson and is the fifth and final movie in the original Planet of the Apes series. It stars Roddy McDowall, Claude Akins, Natalie Trundy, Severn Darden, Lew Ayres, John Huston, Austin Stoker, France Nuyen, John Landis and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Other websites
1973 science fiction movies
Planet of the Apes movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by J. Lee Thompson
Dystopian movies
Movies about slavery
Movies about apes
Movies set in the 21st century
Movies set in the 27th century
Over the Brooklyn Bridge

Over the Brooklyn Bridge is a 1984 American romantic comedy movie directed by Menahem Golan. It stars Elliott Gould, Margaux Hemingway, Sid Caesar, Burt Young, Shelley Winters, Carol Kane, Robert Gossett and Sarah Michelle Gellar. It was distributed by MGM.
Other websites
1984 romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
MGM movies
Movies directed by Menahem Golan
Movies set in Brooklyn
Movies about Jews and Judaism
2 Faced

"2 Faced" is a song recorded by English singer Louise which was released as on 17 July 2000, as the lead single from Louise's third studio album Elbow Beach (2000). It is her highest charting single to date, reaching number three in the UK Singles Chart.
Track listings
UK CD 1 single
"2 Faced"
"Say Yes"
"Lost"
"2 Faced" video
UK CD 2 single
"2 Faced"
"2 Faced" (Agnelli & Nelson Vocal mix)
"2 Faced" (Perfect Phase Vocal)
References
2000 songs
Louise Redknapp songs
Pop songs
Hip hop soul songs
R&B songs
Assumption Parish, Louisiana

Assumption Parish () is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,039. Its parish seat is Napoleonville.
References
1807 establishments in the Territory of Orleans
Dayton S. Mak

Dayton S. Mak (10 July 1917 - 16 March 2018) was a U.S. diplomat. He served posts in England, Libya, Lebanon, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Germany. He was the first U.S. ambassador of Kuwait. Mak was also former Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research, for Near East South Asia Affairs.
References
1917 births
2018 deaths
Ambassadors of the United States
American centenarians
People from Sioux Falls, South Dakota
Pieter van der Kruk

Pieter "Piet" van der Kruk (13 August 1941 - 4 June 2020) was a Dutch heavyweight weightlifter and shot putter. He won five national weightlifting titles (1964, 1965, 1967-1969) and four shot put titles (1964, 1965, 1967 and 1969). He qualified for the 1968 Summer Olympics and finished in ninth place. He was born in Delft, the Netherlands.
Kruk died on 4 June 2020 at a hospital in Delft after a short-illness, aged 78.
References
1941 births
Living people
Dutch journalists
Dutch Olympians
People from Delft
Sportspeople from South Holland
Sports commentators
Weightlifters
Dutch shot putters
Writers from South Holland
Maoism

Maoism is the communist (a plan about how countries should work) idea created by the Chinese man Mao Zedong. Mao believed that peasants, not factory workers, should lead the communist revolution (change in government). China followed Maoism when he became leader, in 1949. This created differences with communism in the USSR and Cuba. Maoism is still practiced in China today, but it has become different since Mao died in 1976. Today the Chinese economy is still considered a communistic economy. The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) completely controls all aspects of production and sets workers wages artificially low for the "good of all", which is the basic premise of Maoism. All worker production is also relegated to the overall good and equality of all, the definition of which is also determined by the state (CCP). This effectively shackles the profit motive (upward wage mobility) for the working class, as upward mobility is all but nonexistent except for those in line with, or actively participating in, the Chinese Communist Party.
Overview
Maoism was a theory created because of Mao's beliefs and ideologies. Similar to Karl Marx, he agrees that a proletariat revolution is essential in order for society to change. As opposed to Marx who states that the factory workers should revolutionize, Mao felt that the farmers in China were the ones in need of this revolution. Marx supports an economically strong state that is industrialized. Mao on the other hand, does not support industrialization or technology.
The reasoning behind this is that he felt that industrialization would give owners the ability to exploit their workers even more which will result in a weakened proletariat class. While Karl Marx viewed industrialization to play vital role in the proletariat since factory workers were most likely the ones suffering under capitalism. Marxism states that "social change is driven by the economy" meaning that society and the economy are intertwined; while Maoism states that willpower is what changes us.
Then in 1960 as the USSR denounced Stalin's ideas who Mao was an avid admirer of, Mao's own popularity started to decrease. With the leader Liu Shaoqi, Mao's policies were no longer in effect. Then in 1964, the "Cultural Revolution" happened due to the distribution of Mao's "Little Red Book" which reemphasized his ideologies. This resulted in the deaths of many civilians due to conflicts and fighting between Mao's party and the Red Guard.
References
Related pages
Chinese Civil War
Other websites
Guiding thought of revolution: the heart of Maoism international project
Marx2Mao.org Mao Internet Library
The Encyclopedia of Marxism Mao Zedong Thought.
The Encyclopedia of Marxism Mao's life.
Monthly Review January 2005 Text of the leaflets distributed by the Zhengzhou Four.
World Revolution Media Maoist revolutionary film, music, and art archive
Batchelor, J. Maoism and Classical Marxism , Clio History Journal, 2009.
Politics of the People's Republic of China
Marxism
Northfield, Maine

Northfield is a town in Washington County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Naoya Tamura

Naoya Tamura (born 20 November 1984) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Vegalta Sendai.
Club career statistics
|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|Vegalta Sendai||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||15||1||0||0||15||1
|-
|2008||36||2||0||0||36||2
|-
|2009||23||1||4||0||27||1
|-
|2010||J. League 1||||||||||||
74||4||4||0||78||4
74||4||4||0||78||4
|}
References
Vegalta Sendai
1984 births
Living people
Footballers from Tokyo Prefecture
Chevrolet Astro

The Chevrolet Astro (and its sibling GMC Safari) was a Minivan that was built by Chevrolet from 1985 to 2005 to rival the Dodge Caravan/Plymouth Voyager twin models and the Japanese Toyota Van. The Astro had two generation and was manufactured by General Motors. The Astro offered two variations a passenger van and a cargo van it also offered optional AWD. The Astro was assembled at the Baltimore Assembly in Baltimore, Maryland. The Astro was discontinued in 2005 because General Motors thought that they were not selling as well as they used to. The Astro was replaced by the Chevrolet Uplander, Chevrolet Traverse and the Chevrolet City Express.
Other websites
Astro
Minivans
1980s automobiles
1990s automobiles
2000s automobiles
Renault Mégane

The Renault Megane is a car produced by Renault in four generations since 1995.
First generation (1995-2003)
The first Megane arrived in late 1995 to replace the 19. It came in many bodystyles and engines, the model formed the basis for the Scenic, Europe's first compact MPV which arrived in late 1996. The range was facelifted in April 1999 and an estate/wagon version appeared but wasn't sold in the UK. Although a new Megane arrived in late 2002, the original was sold into 2003 until all bodystyles were redesigned.
Models
Engines
Petrol engines
1.4 51 kW (69 hp) and 55 kW (75 hp)
1.4 16V 70 kW (95 hp)
1.6 55 kW (75 hp) and 66 kW (90 hp)
1.6 16V 79 kW (107 hp)
1.8 16V 85 kW (115 hp)
2.0 84 kW (114 hp)
2.0 16V 110 kW (150 hp)
2.0 IDE 103 kW (140 hp)
Diesel engines
1.9 D 47 kW (64 hp)
1.9 dT 66 kW (90 hp)
1.9 dTi 59 kW (80 hp) and 72 kW (98 hp)
1.9 dCi 75 kW (102 hp)
Second generation (2002-2010)
The second Megane arrived in late 2002 with the hatchback models, other versions appeared during 2003. The hatchback models became known for their distinctive rear end styling which resulted in Renault doing an advert for it based on that. It was facelifted in early 2006.
Models
Engines
Petrol engines
1.4 16V 60 kW (82 hp) and 72 kW (98 hp)
1.6 16V 82 kW (112 hp)
2.0 16V 99 kW (135 hp)
2.0 16V Turbo 120 kW (163 hp)
2.0 16V Turbo RS 165 kW (225 hp)
Diesel engines
1.5 dCi 60 kW (82 hp), 63 kW (86 hp), 74 kW (100 hp) and 78 kW (106 hp)
1.9 dCi 66 kW (90 hp), 81 kW (110 hp), 85 kW (115 hp), 88 kW (120 hp) and 96 kW (130 hp)
2.0 dCi 110 kW (150 hp)
2.0 dCi RS 127 kW (173 hp)
Third generation (2008-2016)
The third Megane arrived in late 2008 with the hatchback and coupe models. Other models arrived during 2009. It received a mild facelift in early 2012 then a more thorough one in late 2013. It entered its fourth generation in 2016.
Models
Engines
Petrol engines
1.6 16V 74 kW (100 hp) and 81 kW (110 hp)
1.4 TCe 96 kW (130 hp)
2.0 16V 103 kW (140 hp)
2.0 TCe 132 kW (180 hp)
2.0 TCe Renault Sport 184 kW (250 hp)
Diesel engines
1.5 dCi 66 kW (90 hp), 78 kW (106 hp) and 81 kW (110 hp)
1.9 dCi 96 kW (130 hp)
2.0 dCi 118 kW (160 hp)
Fourth generation (2016-present)
The fourth Megane arrived in late 2015 with the hatchback model. The estate and the revived saloon model arrived in 2016. The coupe and CC was discontinued. It was facelifted in 2020.
Models
Megane E-Tech Electric (2022-present)
The Megane E-Tech was revealed in early 2022. It switched from a hatchback body style to a electric crossover SUV.
Megane
1990s automobiles
2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
2020s automobiles
Gonzalo García

Gonzalo Garcia is an Argentine cyclist. Gonzalo competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 2000 Summer Olympics. He was born on June 9, 1976.
References
Other websites
1976 births
Living people
Argentine cyclists
Argentine Olympians
Searsboro, Iowa

Searsboro is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Daijiro Takakuwa

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Takakuwa was born in Tokyo on August 10, 1973. After graduating from Nihon University High School, he joined Yokohama Marinos (later Yokohama F. Marinos) in 1992. However he could not play in the match behind Japan national team goalkeeper, Shigetatsu Matsunaga and Yoshikatsu Kawaguchi. He moved to Kashima Antlers in 1996. In 1998, he became a regular goalkeeper and won the champions in J1 League. In Asia, the club won 1998-99 Asian Cup Winners' Cup. In 2000, the club won all three major title in Japan; J1 League, J.League Cup and Emperor's Cup. He also was selected Best Eleven. In 2001, his opportunity to play decreased behind Hitoshi Sogahata. He moved to Tokyo Verdy in 2002 and Vegalta Sendai in 2003. At Sendai, he played as regular goalkeeper from 2004 to July 2006. In 2007, he returned to Yokohama F. Marinos for the first time in 11 years. However he could hardly play in the match. He moved to Tokushima Vortis in 2009 and retired end of 2009 season.
In October 2000, Takakuwa was selected the Japan national team for 2000 Asian Cup. At this competition, on October 20, he debuted against Qatar. Although he played only one match, Japan won the champions.
Statistics
|-
|1992||rowspan="5"|Yokohama Marinos||rowspan="5"|J1 League||colspan="2"|-||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1993||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1994||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1995||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|1996||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1996||rowspan="6"|Kashima Antlers||rowspan="6"|J1 League||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1997||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1998||24||0||3||0||5||0||32||0
|-
|1999||26||0||2||0||7||0||35||0
|-
|2000||30||0||4||0||4||0||38||0
|-
|2001||9||0||1||0||0||0||10||0
|-
|2002||Tokyo Verdy||J1 League||12||0||0||0||5||0||17||0
|-
|2003||rowspan="4"|Vegalta Sendai||J1 League||11||0||1||0||5||0||17||0
|-
|2004||rowspan="3"|J2 League||44||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||46||0
|-
|2005||43||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||43||0
|-
|2006||25||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||25||0
|-
|2007||rowspan="2"|Yokohama F. Marinos||rowspan="2"|J1 League||1||0||0||0||1||0||2||0
|-
|2008||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2009||Tokushima Vortis||J2 League||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
225||0||14||0||27||0||266||0
225||0||14||0||27||0||266||0
|}
|-
|2000||1||0
|-
!Total||1||0
|}
References
Other websites
1973 births
Living people
Footballers from Tokyo Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
Yokohama F. Marinos players
Kashima Antlers players
Tokyo Verdy players
Vegalta Sendai players
Tokushima Vortis players
2000 AFC Asian Cup players
AFC Asian Cup-winning players
Marilee Stepan

Mary Louise Stepan (February 2, 1935 - December 15, 2021) was an American competition swimmer. Stepan represented the United States at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. She won a bronze medal at the event. Stepan was born in Chicago, Illinois.
Stepan died in Winnetka, Illinois on December 15, 2021, at the age of 86.
References
1935 births
2021 deaths
American swimmers
American Olympic bronze medalists
Sportspeople from Chicago
Cachar district

Cachar district is a district of Assam, India.
Districts of Assam
Elitserien (bandy)

Elitserien () is the men's bandy top division of Sweden since the 2007-2008 season. It consist of 14 teams, and is followed up by the Swedish championships playoffs, ending with one single final game.
Season structure
The season starts with a regular season comprising 14 teams and 26 rounds. The first eight teams qualify for the quarter finals, the eleventh and twelfth plays a relegation round robin tournament against teams from the Allsvenskan and the last two teams are relegated.
Other websites
Swedish Bandy Association
2007 establishments in Sweden
Bandy in Sweden
Industrial relations

The field of industrial relations (also called labor relations) looks at the relationship between management and workers, mostly groups of workers shown by a union.
Employment law
Northampton County, Virginia

Northampton County is a county in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, 12,282 people lived there. Its county seat is Eastville.
References
Virginia counties
Polish Academy of Sciences

The Polish Academy of Sciences (Polish: Polska Akademia Nauk, in short: PAN) with seat in Warsaw, is one of the two Polish institutions which have the nature of an academy of sciences.
History
The Polish Academy of Sciences is an institution of studies of the Polish state, with seat in Warsaw. It had been established in 1952 by the partnership of previous societies of studies, including Polish Academy of Abilities (Polska Akademia Umiejetnosci, in short PAU), with its seat in Cracow, and the Scientific Society of Warsaw (Towarzystwo Naukowe Warszawskie) which had been established in the 18th century as Society of Warsaw of the Friends of Sciences (Warszawskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciol Nauk).
In 1989, the Polish Academy of Abilities, in Cracow, assume again its independent existence, out of the Polish Academy of Sciences, in Warsaw.
Polish Academy of Sciences at Present
The Polish Academy of Sciences funciona as docta society which acts through a chosen corporation of distinguished scholars and of institutions of research. The academy also acts through its committees, creating an important scientific consulting body.
Remarkable members
Tomasz Dietl physicist;
Bohdan Paczynski astrophysicist;
Adam Schaff (Marxist philosopher who had been a member of the academy);
Aleksander Wolszczan astronomer.
Foreign members
Aage Niels Bohr physicist;
Karl Alexander Muller physicist;
Roger Penrose mathematician;
Carlo Rubbia physicist;
Chen Ning Yang physicist.
Related pages
Royal Society
Other websites
Website of PAN
Warsaw
Education in Poland
1952 establishments in Europe
20th-century establishments in Poland
Justin.tv

JustinTv or JTV was a free account broadcasting website. It was founded by Justin Kan in Los Angeles, California. A spin-off based on JTV called Twitch was created in June 2011.
Websites
Companies based in Los Angeles
Paul Pholeros

Paul Pholeros AM (1953 - 1 February 2016) was an Australian architect. He was born in Sydney. He received his Bachelor of Science in Architecture from the University of Sydney in 1974 and Bachelor of Architecture (Hons 1) in 1976. Pholeros created his own architectural practice, Paul Pholeros Architects, in 1984. He was also a director of Healthabitat Pty Ltd.
Pholeros died in Sydney on 1 February 2016 from cancer at the age of 62.
References
1953 births
2016 deaths
Australian architects
Cancer deaths in Sydney
People from Sydney
University of Sydney alumni
Venona project

The Venona project was a long time secret plan which started in February 1943 by the United States Army Signal Intelligence Service. The project was transferred to the National Security Agency and had many names. However, VENONA was the last name that was used. The word VENONA is usually in capital letters (VENONA) but some writings use lowercase letters (Venona). VENONA was made to decrypt secret communications of Soviet intelligence agencies including NKVD, KGB and GRU. Decryption was possible because the encrypting one-time pads were reused.
The Venona project was most famous for the Julius and Ethel Rosenberg case known as LIBERAL and it ended in both of them being executed. VENONA exposed other spies including Klaus Fuchs and Alger Hiss.
In July 1995, the first six documents were shown which included had 49 messages about the Soviets trying to get information on the United States atomic bomb and the Manhattan Project. In the next five more years, about 3,000 VENONA messages were made public.
Related pages
Cryptanalysis
KGB
Cold War
McCarthyism
References
20th century in the United States
National Security Agency
Plymouth shooting

On 12 August 2021, six people were killed in a mass shooting in Plymouth, Devon, England. Six people, including the shooter, Jake Davison, were killed.
Shooting
In the evening on 12 August 2021, Jake Davison shot his mother dead. This was inside their home on Biddick Drive.
At 18:11 BST, the Devon and Cornwall Police were called to Biddick Drive. At 18:12 BST on 12 August 2021, the South Western Ambulance Service were called to Biddick Drive. Biddick Drive is a street where people live in Keyham, Plymouth, Devon, South West England. Police officers were at Biddick Drive 6 minutes after the shooting. The ambulance service said they responded with a lot of resources and many people. They said this included hazardous area response teams, many ambulances, air ambulances and medics. Four air ambulances went to Biddick Drive because of the incident. People who saw the incident said that they had heard "loud bangs" and "gunshots". and Sky News said that a shooter had been shot and was thought to be dead. At 21:34, Devon and Cornwall Police reported that they believed the incident had been kept to that area. Police said the incident did not have anything to do with terrorism.
Six people were killed in the attacks. Three males and two females died where the shooting took place, including the shooter, who committed suicide. Another woman died because of injuries from the shooting after. One of the dead was a child.
Attacker
The gunman was Jake Davison. He was a 22-year-old crane operator. He had a gun license.
Reactions
In a tweet, Home Secretary Priti Patel described the incident as "shocking". She also said that she had talked with the Chief Constable of Devon and Cornwall Police. Local MPs Luke Pollard and Johnny Mercer also tweeted, with Pollard suggesting people stay inside.
The Defence Secretary, Ben Wallace, said the shooting was bad. Wallace also said that the shooting didn't have to do with terrorism.
The Prime Minister, Boris Johnson, said that he was sad for those who were affected. He also thanked the emergency services who went to the shooting.
The leader of the opposition, Keir Starmer, said that something sad had happened and that he wasn't happy about it.
References
2021 in the United Kingdom
2021 mass shootings in Europe
2020s murders in the United Kingdom
August 2021 events
Mass murder in 2021
Mass murder in England
Murder-suicides in Europe
Murders by firearm in England
Shooting
Suicide in the 2020s
Suicides in the United Kingdom
Veterans Parkway (Savannah, Georgia)

Veterans Parkway (also known as the Southwest Bypass) is a long freeway in the Savannah metropolitan area, connecting Georgetown with downtown Savannah, within Chatham County. It is not a state route, nor is it maintained by the Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT); it is one of the county-maintained freeways in Georgia. Most of the route runs beside Hunter Army Airfield (Hunter AAF), which is to the east of the highway. At its northern end, Interstate 516 (I-516) east and State Route 21 (SR 21) south provides access to Hunter AAF.
References
Airline Transport Pilot Licence

The Airline Transport Pilot License (ATPL) is the highest level of aviator qualification or license. Those certified as Airline Transport Pilots are authorized to act as pilot-in-command of an aircraft having a maximum weight over or having over 9 passenger seats.
Any pilot operating an aircraft for money must start by obtaining a Commercial pilot licence (CPL).
Theoretical subjects included for ATPL applicants are:
Air law
Aircraft General Knowledge
Flight Planning and Monitoring
Human Performance and Limitations
Meteorology
Operational Procedures
Principles of Flight
Communications
Performance
General Navigation
Radio Navigation
Instrumentation
Mass and Balance
Aviation licenses and certifications
Bernhard T. Mittemeyer

Bernhard Theodore Mittemeyer (born October 30, 1930) is an American urologist and retired lieutenant general in the U.S. Army. He served as the 35th Surgeon General of the United States Army from 1981 to 1985. He has served as the chief of urological surgery at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center. He was born in Paramaribo, Suriname.
References
1930 births
Living people
American generals
American physicians
Smithfield, North Carolina

Smithfield is a town in and the county seat of Johnston County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census, 10,966 people live in Smithfield. It is the birthplace of the Hollywood actress, Ava Gardner.
Towns in North Carolina
County seats in North Carolina
Arubam

Arubam () is a Meitei family. It is native to Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur). People of this family mainly live in Manipur, India.
Other websites
http://www.mychildnames.com/mobile/similar-surname.aspx?surname=Arubam
http://www.indiachildnames.com/mobile/similarfamilyname.aspx?surname=Arubam
References
Meitei surnames
Jakaya Kikwete

Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete (born 7 October 1951) was the fourth President of Tanzania, in office from 2005 to 2015. He has also served as the Chairperson of the African Union in 2008-2009 and the Chairman of the Southern African Development Community Troika on Peace, Defence and Security in 2012-2013.
References
1951 births
Living people
Presidents of Tanzania
African Union chairpersons
Ids-Saint-Roch

Ids-Saint-Roch is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 286 people lived there in January 2019.
Population
References
Communes in Cher
2023 Zimbabwean general election

General elections are scheduled to be held in Zimbabwe on 23 August 2023 to elect the President and members of both houses of Parliament.
Presidential candidates
Results
References
Zimbabwe
2023 elections
Bandana

A bandana is a triangular or square piece of cloth tied around the head, face or neck. It can be used for protection or decoration. It was made by Middle eastern and south Asians in the city Kashmir. They were wearing it as a symbol of love between the Middle East and South Asia.
References
Accessories
Headgear
Camphin-en-Pévèle

Camphin-en-Pevele is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 2,499 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Gaizka Mendieta

Gaizka Mendieta (born 27 March 1974) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1993/94||Castellon||Segunda Division||16||0
|-
|1994/95||rowspan="7"|Valencia||rowspan="7"|La Liga||15||3
|-
|1995/96||34||10
|-
|1996/97||30||11
|-
|1997/98||30||10
|-
|1998/99||37||12
|-
|1999/00||33||10
|-
|2000/01||31||9
|-
|2001/02||Lazio||Serie A||20||1
|-
|2002/03||Barcelona||La Liga||33||7
|-
|2003/04||rowspan="4"|Middlesbrough||rowspan="4"|Premier League||31||3
|-
|2004/05||7||0
|-
|2005/06||17||3
|-
|2006/07||7||0
280||49
20||0
62||4
362||54
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1999||9||1
|-
|2000||13||3
|-
|2001||8||3
|-
|2002||10||1
|-
!Total||40||8
|}
References
1974 births
Living people
Spanish footballers
People from Bilbao
FC Barcelona players
Helmut Maucher

Helmut Oswald Maucher (9 December 1927 - 5 March 2018) was a German businessman. He served as the CEO of Nestle from June 1990 to June 1997. He was born in Eisenharz (Allgau), Germany.
Maucher died in Berlin on 5 March 2018 at the age of 90.
References
1927 births
2018 deaths
German businesspeople
Sya

Sya is a locality in Mjolby Municipality in Ostergotland County in Sweden. In 2010, 306 people lived there.
References
Settlements in Ostergotland County
Elvis: What Happened?

Elvis: What Happened? is a book about the personal life of singer Elvis Presley. The book, which is based on the personal accounts of three of Elvis' former bodyguards, went into detail on the singer's dangerous drug-dependence. His death, only two weeks after the book's publication in July 1977, made it highly topical and helped boost its sales to over 3 million.
The guards, Robert Gene West, his cousin Sonny West, and David Hebler, had been fired, officially for cost-saving reasons, but at the time, many suspected it was because they had been heavily critical of Elvis' increasing intake of, and dependence upon, various drugs.
With help from reporter Steve Dunleavy, they produced the tell-all memoir which they claimed to be a friendly warning, rather than a money-making exercise. Since the singer's death, most of its claims have proven accurate.
References
1977 books
Elvis Presley
Onans

Onans () is a commune. It is in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comte region which is in eastern France.
Population
Related pages
Communes of the Doubs department
References
Communes in Doubs
CS1 French-language sources (fr)
Coordinates on Wikidata
Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata