pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
James I, Count of La Marche

James I, Count of La Marche (1319 - 6 April 1362) was a French prince, the younger son of Louis I, Duke of Bourbon and the younger brother of Peter I, Duke of Bourbon. He was killed in 1362 at the Battle of Brignais, during the Hundred Years' War between the House of Plantagenet (which ruled over England and parts of France) and the House of Valois (which ruled over most of France). He was the father of John I, Count of La Marche, who married Catherine of Vendome and together had a son named Louis, Count of Vendome. James is also the male-line ancestor of Henry IV of France, the first French King from the House of Bourbon.
References
1319 births
1362 deaths
French princes
Schwarzach am Main

Schwarzach am Main is a market town and municipality in Kitzingen in Bavaria in Germany. It is on the river Main.
References
Kitzingen (district)
Fable

A fable is a type of story which shows something in life or has a meaning to a word. A fable teaches a lesson or suggests a moral from it. A fable starts in the middle of the story, that means, jumps into the main event without detailed introduction of characters. The characters of a fable may be animals, plants and legendary creatures. When animals are used in fables, they think and talk like people, even though they act like animals. For example, in a fable a clay pot might say that it is frightened of being broken.
The stories told by fables are usually very simple. To understand a fable, the reader or listener does not need to know all about the characters, only one important thing. For this reason animals are often used in fables in a way that is easily understood because it is always the same. They keep the same characteristics from story to story.
A lion is noble
A rooster is boastful
A peacock is proud
A fox is cunning
A wolf is fierce
A horse is brave
A donkey is hard-working
The most famous fables are those attributed to Aesop (6th century B.C.). Many fables are so well known that their morals have become English sayings.
For example:
If a person says "sour grapes!" then they are referring to "The Fox and the Grapes". This fable is about a fox who saw a beautiful bunch of grapes hanging on a vine. He wanted to eat them but they were high up. He tried and tried to jump high enough to pull them down. When he was too tired to jump anymore, he went away saying "I'll bet those grapes were sour!"
So, if a person sees a beautiful thing that they want, but cannot have, sometimes they say "I don't want it, anyway! I'll bet it is really no good!" This way of thinking is called "sour grapes".
"Crying wolf" is another well-known English saying. This comes from "The Boy Who Cried Wolf". This fable is about a boy who was sent to mind the sheep. The boy got lonely while minding the sheep, so he shouted "Wolf! Wolf!" The people came running. The next day, he did it again and they were very angry. On the third day the boy saw a wolf. He cried "Wolf! Wolf!" but no one came and the wolf ate him.
So if a person always makes a great fuss to get attention, or if a person says something bad has happened when it has not, then it is called "crying wolf" and people will stop bothering to pay attention, even when things go really wrong.
Related pages
Children's literature
Jean de La Fontaine
Myth
Fairy tale
Other websites
Animal Symbolism List of frequently described animals and their characteristics
The Dragon-Tyrant
Fables - Collection and guide to fables for children
Imaginexus A collection of interconnected stories that anyone can edit
Beast Fable Society An academic society focused on fables and related genres
Fairy tales
Stilwell, Oklahoma

Stilwell is a city in Oklahoma in the United States. It is the county seat of Adair County. Frank Garrett lives there.
Cities in Oklahoma
County seats in Oklahoma
Kiefersfelden

Kiefersfelden is a municipality in Rosenheim, a district (Landkreis) in Upper Bavaria.
References
Municipalities in Bavaria
Rosenheim (district)
Nice (disambiguation)

Nice can be any of the following:
Places
Nice (pronounced ), a city found in the south of France
Arrondissement of Nice
OGC Nice, a French football club found in Nice
Treaty of Nice, a treaty taken in Nice by the European Council
Nicaea (Iznik, Turkey), place of the First Council of Nicaea and the Second Council of Nicaea
Nice, California, a small town in the United States
In computers
Nice (programming language), an object-oriented programming language
Related pages
NICE (disambiguation)
Matt Hancock

Matthew John David Hancock (born 2nd October 1978) is a British Conservative Party politician. He was Secretary of State for Health and Social Care from 2018 until 2021. He has been a Member of Parliament (MP) for West Suffolk since 2010.
On 9 July 2018, after the promotion of Jeremy Hunt to Foreign Secretary, Hancock was named Secretary of State for Health and Social Care.
On 25 May 2019, Hancock announced his plans to run for leadership of the Conservative Party. He withdrew from the race on 14 June shortly after winning only twenty votes on the first ballot.
He announced his resignation as Secretary of State for Health on 26 June 2021 after being filmed kissing a close aide in May 2021, with Sajid Javid taking over as Health Secretary.
He hasn't been a member of the Conservative Party in the House of Commons since November 2022 after be came a contestant on ITV's I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!.
The journalist Isabel Oakeshott worked with Hancock as the ghostwriter on his Pandemic Diaries. He gave her his WhatsApp messages and she later gave them to the Daily Telegraph. He said this was a "massive betrayal of trust".
References
1978 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Conservative Party (UK) MPs
Members of the British House of Commons for English constituencies
People from Chester
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Secretaries of State of the United Kingdom
UK MPs 2010-2015
UK MPs 2015-2017
UK MPs 2017-2019
UK MPs 2019-present
People with dyslexia
Newport, North Carolina

Newport is a town in Carteret County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census, 4,150 people live in Newport.
Towns in North Carolina
Carteret County, North Carolina
Phasmahyla cochranae

The chocolatefoot leaf frog (Phasmahyla cochranae) is a frog that lives in Brazil.
The adult male frog is 28 to 37 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 41 to 46 mm long. The pupils of its eyes go up and down and open side to side. It does not have webbing on its front feet. This frog can change color during the day: it can be green or brick brown. It has orange, purple, or brown spots on its sides.
This frog lives by the plants near the edges of streams in forests. They do not live in large groups. Scientists usually find no more than three frogs singing together. The female frog lays eggs in folded leaves hanging above the stream. The eggs are cream-white. She lays about 32 at a time. When the eggs hatch, the tadpoles fall into the stream. They stay tadpoles for about five months. They look for food at the surface of the water.
Many of the places where this frog lives are protected parks, for example Parque Estadual Nova Baden and Parque Municipal do Itapetinga. However, it stil suffers from habitat loss and changes that human beings make to the places it lives. Because of damage to the ozone layer, there is more ultraviolet radiation than is good for this frog. Also, this frog suffers from habitat fragmentation: that means that even though many places the frog lives are protected, the frogs cannot move from one to another easily.
References
Frogs of South America
Calhoun County, Georgia

Calhoun County is a county in Georgia. Its county seat is Morgan.
References
1854 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Beautiful

If something is described as beautiful, it means that it has beauty. Beautiful can also mean:
Music
"Beautiful" (Ailyn song), a song by Ailyn, from her 2004 album Ya Nada Queda
"Beautiful" (Athlete song), a song by Athlete, from their 2003 first album Vehicles and Animals
"Beautiful" (Christina Aguilera song), a song written and produced by Linda Perry, and released by Christina Aguilera on her 2002 album Stripped
"Beautiful" (Mandalay song), a song by Mandalay, from their 1998 album Empathy
"Beautiful" (Moby song), a song by Moby, from his 2005 album Hotel
"Beautiful" (Snoop Dogg song), a song by Snoop Dogg, from his 2002 album Paid tha Cost to Be da Bo$$
"Beautiful", a song by the Smashing Pumpkins, from their 1995 album Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness
Beautiful (David Tao album), a 2006 album by David Tao
Beautiful (On The Make album), a 2004 album by On The Make
beautiful., a 2001 album by Fantastic Plastic Machine
Movies
Beautiful (film), a 2000 drama starring Minnie Driver and Kathleen Turner
Related pages
Beauty
Beauty (disambiguation)
Basic English 850 words
Livermore, Iowa

Livermore is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Lars

Lars is a male name. It is usually used in Scandinavian countries and Germany. The pronunciation of the name is [ lahrz; Swedish, Norwegian lahrs ]. The name Lars is derived from the Old Norse name "Laurentius," which means "crowned with laurel." This is a unique name (not in the top 1000 newborn names in the US in 2021).
People
Lars Lokke Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark
Lars Ulrich, Danish musician
Given names
Lars Onsager, American physical chemist and theoretical physicist (1903-1976)
Lars Vilks, Swedish artist
Lars Ahlfors, Finnish mathematician (1907-1996)
Lars Ulrich, Danish drummer
References
Natascha Kampusch

Natascha Maria Kampusch (born 17 February 1988 in Vienna) is an Austrian woman who was kidnapped on 2 March 1998. She was held in a secret cellar by her kidnapper for over eight years until she escaped on 23 August 2006. Media attention then led to Natascha giving certain interviews and writing an autobiography. Her abductor later killed himself when he jumped in front of a suburban train in Vienna; he had apparently planned the killing of himself rather than be caught by police, and had told Kampusch he would not be arrested alive.
1988 births
Living people
Autobiographers
Children victims of violence
Kidnapped people
Writers from Vienna
Ambrosia beetle

Ambrosia beetles are beetles of the weevil subfamilies Scolytinae and Platypodinae (Coleoptera, Curculionidae. They live in symbiosis with ambrosia fungi and bacteria. The beetles make tunnels in dead trees where they grow fungal gardens for nutrition.
During their evolution, most weevils became more or less dependant on fungi. Some bark beetles that ate phloem are using more fungi. These beetles are called mycophloeophages.
References
Other websites
Images and information on the Ambrosia beetle at the University of Florida.
The MSU HISL database contains a species list
American Bark and Ambrosia Beetles
Polyphaga
Li Yugang

Li Yugang is a singer and artist from Jilin, China. He was the second Chinese person to sing at the Sydney Opera House.
Life
Li Yugang was born into a farming family in Jilin province in 1978. He started in opera when he was a child. Despite this, he could not study at a university as his parents were too poor to support this. Instead, he worked in various jobs in Changchun after finishing high school.
Li Yugang was went to Xi'an in 1998. There he became known for singing both roles a duets by himself. He was first exposed to the Nandan art in Peking Opera and became very interested in it.
Work
In August 2006, Li Yugang became famous by participating in the Xingguang Dadao.
In February 23 2009, Li Yugang joined in the China Opera and Dance Theater as a "special talent people".
From 2010-2014, Li Yugang created "Flower in the Mirror, Moon in the Water" () and "Portrait of Four Ancient Beauties" (). Together he performed over 100 shows in the country and internationally. Li Yugang also released 3 CDs from his company "The New Drunken Beauty" (), "The Dream Chaser" () and "Lotus Flower" (). In 2014, the Rhymoi Music company released Li Yugang's "Once Upon a Time in Shanghai" () CD album. In 2015, Li Yugang directed and starred in his own stage masterpiece "Lady Zhaojun" (), a grand Oriental Poetic Stage production which took him three years in preparation.
References
Other websites
CCTV-Xing Bo Ke -Nan Ban Nu Zhuang Li Yu Gang
Li Yu Gang Guo Ji Fen Si Tuan (Yugang International Fans) (Facebook Account)
Li Yugang Fan Club(Li Yu Gang Fen Si Ye )(Facebook Account)
Li Yu Gang De Ge Ren Kong Jian -Bi Li Bi Li
Living people
1978 births
Chinese singers
Chinese stage actors
People from Jilin
Eino Tamberg

Eino Tamberg (May 27 1930-- December 24 2010) was a composer and musician from Estonia. He was famous for the variety of works he wrote including symphonies, concertos, operas and ballets. he was a student of the Tallinn Conservatory, where he later taught composition.
He was given many awards including:
Winner of the World Youth and Student Festival Competition, Moscow, 1957
Soviet Estonia Prize 1967
Annual Prize of the Endowment for Music of the Cultural Endowment of Estonia 1998 and 2002
Works
These are some of the works written by Tamberg:
Concerto Grosso (1957)
Cyrano de Bergerac, opera, 1974
Journey for Strings, 1990
Music for Five, 1993
Symphony No.4, 1998
Trumpet Concerto No. 2, 1999
Flute Concerto, 2003
References
1930 births
2010 deaths
Estonian composers
Marbach, Lucerne

Marbach was a municipality of the district of Entlebuch in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Marbach and Escholzmatt merged into the new municipality of Escholzmatt-Marbach.
Former municipalities of Lucerne
Invisible ink

Invisible ink is a type of liquid that cannot be seen or read unless it is first activated. Chemical reactions, heat, ultraviolet light or special glasses are used to make invisible ink visible.
It is used to send secret messages or for entertainment. Invisible ink pens are sometimes sold or used for prizes, usually with an ultraviolet light.
More reading
Writing tools
Kauai County, Hawaii

Kauai County is a county in the U.S. state of Hawaii. It was formed in 1905. As of 2020, 73,298 people live there. Its county seat is Lihue.
References
Hawaii counties
1905 establishments in Hawaii
Greenville, Iowa

Greenville is a city in the U.S. state of Iowa.
Geography
Greenville has a total area of .2 square miles.
Cities in Iowa
Moscow Kremlin

The Moscow Kremlin, usually just called the Kremlin, is a fortress in the center of Moscow, where most of the Russian government works. It is on the left bank of the Moskva River and southwest of Red Square.
It is where the President of Russia works and may live. The term "the Kremlin" is often used to mean the Russian government.
The Kremlin and Red Square are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Other websites
Moscow Kremlin photo
Buildings and structures in Moscow
Castles in Europe
World Heritage Sites in Russia
Silvia Legrand

Maria Aurelia Paula Martinez Suarez, known professionally as Silvia Legrand (23 February 1927 - 1 May 2020), was an Argentine movie actress. She co-starred with her twin sister Mirtha Legrand, in many movies and was the sister of director Jose A. Martinez Suarez. She starred in some 20 movies between 1940 and 1972. Legrand was known for her roles in Educating Nini (1940) and in Seven Women (1944).
Legrand died of cardiac arrest on 1 May 2020 in Buenos Aires, aged 93.
References
Other websites
Biography .
1927 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Argentine actors
Tetracontagon

A tetracontagon or 40-gon is a shape with 40 sides and 40 corners.
Regular tetracontagon
All sides of a regular tetracontagon are the same length. Each corner is 171deg. All corners added together equal 6840deg.
Area
The amount of space a regular tetracontagon takes up is
a is the length of one of its sides.
40
Marcel Garrouste

Marcel Garrouste (22 April 1921 - 5 September 2021) was a French politician. He was a member of the Socialist Party (PS). He was a member of the National Assembly from 1978 to 1986 and again from 1988 to 1993. He was also Mayor of Penne-d'Agenais from 1971 to 1983. Garroust was born in Tremons, France.
Garroust turned 100 in April 2021 and died five months later on 5 September 2021.
References
1921 births
2021 deaths
French mayors
French centenarians
Gastrodon

Gastrodon is one of the fictional species of Pokemon from the Pokemon media franchise owned by Nintendo and Game Freak.
It is a Water/Ground Pokemon from the fifth generation of games; Diamond, Pearl and Platinum. It has two forms, named east sea and west sea. Whilst they are the same statistically, they have completely different designs. Their pre-evolution, Shellos, also has varying forms.
Pokemon monsters
Love Island (2014 movie)

Love Island is a 2014 Croatian German Swiss Bosnian romantic comedy movie directed by Jasmila Zbanic and starring Ariane Labed, Ermin Bravo, Franco Nero, Leon Lucev, Branka Petric.
Other websites
2014 romantic comedy movies
Croatian movies
German romance movies
German comedy movies
Swiss romance movies
Swiss comedy movies
Bosnia and Herzegovina movies
Movies directed by Jasmila Zbanic
Movies set in Croatia
Jerry Douglas (director)

Jerry Douglas (November 15, 1935 - January 9, 2021) was an American pornographic director and screenwriter. He was born in Des Moines, Iowa. He was known for directing many gay porno movies. He directed the play The Deep Throat Sex Scandal in 2010 and the 1999 gay porno Dream Team. He also wrote the screenplay for Score (1974).
Douglas died on January 9, 2021 in New York City, aged 85.
References
Other websites
1935 births
2021 deaths
American movie directors
American theatre directors
American screenwriters
LGBT directors
LGBT screenwriters
Gay men
Writers from Des Moines, Iowa
Gospel of Luke

The Gospel of Luke is a book of the Bible. Like the other gospels, the Gospel of Luke tells the stories of the life and teachings of Jesus. It is the third and longest book of the New Testament and comes after the Gospel of Matthew and the Gospel of Mark. The gospel is believed to be written by Luke, who was a friend of the Apostle Paul.
Luke was a doctor. He wrote his gospel for a man he calls 'most excellent Theophilus' (1:3). Luke wrote another book which is fifth in the New Testament, the Acts of the Apostles which tells what Jesus' disciples did after his rise back to Heaven.
Unlike the gospel writers Matthew, Mark and John, Luke was probably not Jewish but was Greek. He wrote the gospel mainly for non-Jewish people, (who were called Gentile by the Jews). Luke wrote to prove that Jesus is the Son of God. Luke's gospel contains many similar stories of Jesus. He tells more about the Virgin birth of Jesus than the other gospel writers.
Related pages
Jesus
Bible
Christianity
Christmas
Emmaus
3
New Testament books
Cinémoi

Cinemoi is a television network focusing on film, fashion and international style.
Related pages
List of French-language television channels
References
Other websites
British television channels
American television stations
American television channels
2009 establishments in the United States
Division of Fairfax

The Division of Fairfax is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. It was set up in 1984 and is named after Ruth Fairfax, founder of the Country Women's Association. It is covers the Sunshine Coast region north of Brisbane and includes the towns of Buderim, Coolum, Eumundi, Kenilworth, Mapleton, Maroochydore, Montville, Nambour, Palmwoods, Peregian Springs, Woombye and Yandina.
Members
In the 2013 election, mining millionaire and leader of the Palmer United Party, Clive Palmer won the seat by 36 votes at the first count. This was reduced to 7 votes after a recount of the distribution of preferences. Because this was less than 100 votes, the Australian Electoral Commission counted all the votes again which gave Palmer a win by 53 votes.
Election results
References
Other websites
Division of Fairfax (Qld) -- Australian Electoral Commission
Electoral divisions of Australia
Queensland
1984 establishments in Australia
Stuart, Florida

Stuart is a city in the U.S. state of Florida. It is the county seat of Martin County, part of the Treasure Coast.
Cities in Florida
County seats in Florida
Big John Studd

John Minton (February 19, 1948 - March 20, 1995) was an American professional wrestler and actor.
He is known for competing in the World Wrestling Federation from 1982 to 1986 and from 1988 to 1989. Minton was also an actor in both .
Minton died on March 20, 1995 from liver cancer and Hodgkin's disease. Lou Albano revealed in 2000 that Minton had also suffered from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.
Minton was inducted into the WCW Hall of Fame in 1995 and the WWE Hall of Fame by Big Show in 2004.
Championships
Championship Wrestling from Florida
NWA Florida Global Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Jimmy Garvin)
European Wrestling Union
EWU World Super Heavyweight Championship (one time)
Georgia Championship Wrestling
NWA National Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Super Destroyer)
Maple Leaf Wrestling
NWA Canadian Heavyweight Championship (Toronto version) (one time)
Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling
NWA Mid-Atlantic Tag Team Championship (four times) (with Ric Flair (one), Ken Patera (one), Masked Superstar #1 (one), and Roddy Piper (one))
NWA Big Time Wrestling
NWA American Heavyweight Championship (one time)
NWA Texas Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Bull Ramos)
NWA Mid-Pacific Promotions
NWA North American Heavyweight Championship (Hawaii version) (one time)
NWA Hawaii Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Buddy Rose)
NWA Southern Championship Wrestling
NWA Tennessee Southern Heavyweight Championship (one time)
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
PWI Tag Team of the Year (1976) (with Killer Kowalski)
He was ranked #60 of the top 500 singles wrestlers of the "PWI Years" in 2003.
World Championship Wrestling
WCW Hall of Fame (Class of 1995)
World Wrestling Association
WWA World Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Ox Baker)
World Wide Wrestling Federation/World Wrestling Entertainment
WWE Hall of Fame (Class of 2004)
WWWF World Tag Team Championship (one time) (with Killer Kowalski)
Royal Rumble (1989)
Wrestling Observer Newsletter awards
Most Overrated (1984)
References
Other websites
WWE profile
1948 births
1995 deaths
American movie actors
American professional wrestlers
American television actors
Deaths from liver cancer
Deaths from Hodgkin's lymphoma
Former WWE wrestlers
Sportspeople from Pennsylvania
WWE Hall of Fame
Ton van de Ven

Antonius Hendrikus Maria "Ton" van de Ven (1 January 1944 - 16 September 2015) was a Dutch industrial designer. He was best known for being the creative director at the Efteling theme park in Kaatsheuvel. He designed many things at the theme park between the mid-1970s and early 2000s, including ten rides.
Van de Ven was born in Eindhoven, North Brabant. He was married and had three children.
Van de Ven died from a cerebral hemorrhage on 16 September 2015 in Tilburg. He was 71.
References
1944 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
Dutch artists
People from Eindhoven
Richmond County, Virginia

Richmond County is a county in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, 8,923 people lived there. Its county seat is Warsaw.
References
Virginia counties
Chennevières-lès-Louvres

Chennevieres-les-Louvres is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.
References
Communes in Val-d'Oise
Jean Marais

Jean-Alfred Villain-Marais (11 December 1913 - 8 November 1998), known as Jean Marais (), was a French actor and director. Marais had over 100 roles in film and on television. He was also known for writing, painting and sculpture.
In the 1950s, Marais became a star of swashbuckling films. He performed his own stunts. After 1970 he mostly worked in plays.
Other websites
1913 births
1998 deaths
Deaths from cardiovascular disease
French LGBT people
French movie actors
French television actors
LGBT actors
Islamgarh

Islamgarh () (or Akhalgarh, where Akhal means the Immortal and Garh means Place of) is a small New town near the village of Chak Haryam, that is close to the Mangla Dam and one of 25 towns in the Union Councils of Pakistan is the Chakswari Tehsil, Mirpur District of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. 10,082 people lived there in 1998.
References
Towns in Pakistan
Louis de Funès

Louis de Funes (31 July 1914 - 27 January 1983), born Louis Germain David de Funes de Galarza, was a popular French actor and comedian. He is known for working with Bourvil and Fernandel. He was also a movie director. He appeared in over 200 movies since his career began in 1945.
He died from a massive stroke in Nantes, Loire-Atlantique, France, aged 68.
References
Other websites
1914 births
1983 deaths
Deaths from stroke
French comedians
French movie actors
French movie directors
Loire-Atlantique

Loire-Atlantique is a department in France. It is in the Pays de la Loire region. Its capital is Nantes, which is also the region's capital. The department gets its name from the river which goes through it (la Loire), and because it is next to the Atlantic Ocean.
History
Loire Atlantique is one of the first 83 departments of France created in 1790. It used to be called Loire-Inferieure. It got its new name in 1957.
The department was part of Brittany until 1941 when the Vichy Governement separated it. Many people still think it is Brittany's capital. Some want it to be part of Brittany again.
Geography
Loire-Atlantique is next to 4 departements:
Vendee
Maine-et-Loire
Ille-et-Vilaine
Morbihan
West of it is the Atlantic Ocean.
References
Other websites
Loire-Atlantique essential information in English from FrenchEntree
Prefecture website
General council website
Departments of Pays de la Loire
Megaloptera

Megaloptera is an order of insects. It contains the alderflies, dobsonflies and fishflies. There are about 300 known species.
Insects
Printer Command Language

The Printer Command Language (often shortened to PCL) is a page description language, developed by Hewlett-Packard. As of 2011, most modern printers understand PCL. Its complexity is between pure ASCII text, such as in ESC-P, and for example Postscript. There are different versions of the language. Common versions:
PCL3, PCL3+: Can use raster description of fonts, grayscale, 300 dpi output maximum
PCL3c,PCL3c+: Supports color, in addition to PCL3/PCL3+
PCL3GUI: Allows compression of raster images, is not compatible with other PCL standards
PCL4: Macros, bigger bitmaps, introduction of graphics
PCL5: Supports graphics in HPGL/2, fonts can be resized
PCL5e: Supports bidirectional communication with the printer, supports the windows fonts
PCL5c: Color version of PCL5e, supports different color palettes, and the option to select different colors
PCL XL later renamed to PCL6 enhanced: Allows compression to increase throughput. This is a stack-based object oriented programming language similar to Postscript
PCL 6 standard: Either PCL5e or PCL5c, for backwards compatibility
Jet Ready: Lowcost version of PCL XL. Only supports JFIF images. Allows to build printers without raster image processor, and without a lot of memory. The Rasterization is done in the computer, the printer only "prints images".
Except where stated, PCL versions are downwards compatible. A printer that supports PCL6 can also be programmed using PCL3, for example.
PCL is a very efficient way of coding. For this reason, certain manufacturers build high-volume printers that support different versions of PCL. Such printers can do more than 1000 pages per minute.
Computing
Wealth

Wealth often means that much money is available. But there are several other aspects that can be more important. If one thinks of single persons one will look at their personal property or assets like land and livestock. Looking at countries one thinks of GDP per capita and of natural capital.
The original meaning of the old English word for "weal", where wealth comes from, was "well-being" or welfare. (It was an adjective.)
Related pages
Capital accumulation
Constitution
Constitutional economics
Household income in the United States
Poverty
Economics
Joey Bishop

Joey Bishop (February 3, 1918 - October 17, 2007) born Joseph Abraham Gottlieb, was an American entertainer. He appeared on television as early as 1948 and eventually starred in his own weekly comedy series playing a talk show host. He then later hosted a late night talk show.
He later became a member of the "Rat Pack" with Frank Sinatra, Peter Lawford, Sammy Davis, Jr., and Dean Martin. Bishop was born in The Bronx, New York.
Bishop died from heart failure in Newport Beach, California, aged 89.
Other websites
Joey Bishop, 89; comedian was last surviving member of Rat Pack
Broadcast Pioneers of Philadelphia website
1918 births
2007 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Television personalities from New York City
Comedians from New York City
Actors from New York City
Kim Kyok-sik

Kim Kyok-sik (; 5 October 1938 - 10 May 2015) was a North Korean general and politician. From November 2012 until May 2013, he was the Defence Minister of North Korea. He was thought to have been behind two attacks on South Korea that killed 50 people in 2010.
Kim died from acute respiratory failure on 10 May 2015, aged 76.
References
1938 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
North Korean generals
North Korean politicians
Brachial plexus

The brachial plexus is a group of nerves. It runs from the vertebral column to the arm.
Structure
The brachial plexus is divided into five roots, three trunks, six divisions, three cords, and five branches.
Roots
The five roots come out of the spinal cord. They are each named after the part of the spinal cord they come out of: C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1.
Trunks
These roots join to form three trunks:
"upper" (C5-C6)
"middle" (C7)
"lower" (C8-T1)
Divisions
Each trunk then splits into two divisions:
anterior (front) divisions of the upper, middle, and lower trunks
posterior (back) divisions of the upper, middle, and lower trunks
Cords
These six divisions join up again to become the three cords.
The posterior cord is formed from the three posterior divisions of the trunks (C5-C8,T1)
The lateral cord is formed from the anterior divisions of the upper and middle trunks (C5-C7)
The medial cord is simply a continuation of the anterior division of the lower trunk (C8,T1)
Diagram
Nerves
The nerves that come out of the brachial plexus include:
Radial nerve
Axillary nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve
Median nerve
Ulnar nerve
Related pages
Brachial artery
Nervous system
Bulpitt, Illinois

Bulpitt is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Villages in Illinois
Joana Raspall i Juanola

Joana Raspall i Juanola (1 July 1913 - 4 December 2013) was a Spanish writer and librarian. She was born in Barcelona on 1 July 1913. Juanola died on 4 December 2013 from natural causes, aged 100.
References
Other websites
Joana Raspall at escriptors.cat
1913 births
2013 deaths
Librarians
Spanish centenarians
Writers from Barcelona
Dadou

The Dadou is a river in southwestern France, right tributary of the Agout river. It flows through the Tarn department, in the Occitanie region.
Geography
The Dadou river has a length of and a drainage basin with an area of .
Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is at Montdragon in the Tarn department.
Average monthly discharge (m3/s) at Montdragon (49 years)
Course
The source of the Dadou is on the Monts de Lacaune, in the southern Massif Central, in the commune of Saint-Salvi-de-Carcaves, Tarn department, at an altitude of about .
The Agout flows, in general, to the west through the Tarn department and 26 communes. Some of the communes are Montdragon, Graulhet, Briatexte, Lacaze, Rayssac, Saint-Julien-du-Puy, Venes, Saint-Genest-de-Contest, Le Masnau-Massuguies, Saint-Salvi-de-Carcaves, Laboutarie, Lombers, Realmont, Saint-Lieux-Lafenasse, Saint-Antonin-de-Lacalm, Le Travet, Teillet, Arifat, Mont-Roc, Paulinet, Giroussens, Saint-Jean-de-Rives, Ambres, Saint-Gauzens, Puybegon, Montredon-Labessonnie.
Finally, it flows, as a right tributary into the Agout river at Ambres, near Saint-Jean-de-Rives, in the Tarn department, at of altitude.
Main tributaries
The main tributaries of the Dadou are:
Left tributaries:
Dadounet (15 km)
Bardes (15 km)
Rieu de l'Aze (15 km)
Bezan (12 km)
Right tributaries:
Ambias (12 km)
Oulas (24 km)
Lezert (17 km)
Assou (37 km)
Agros (19 km)
Gallery
Related pages
List of rivers of France
References
Other websites
Banque Hydro - Station O4774010 - Le Dadou a Montdragon (Synthese)
Syndicat Mixte du Bassin de l'Agout
Rivers of Occitanie
United States Secretary of Homeland Security

The United States Secretary of Homeland Security is the head of the United States Department of Homeland Security, the body concerned with protecting the American homeland and the safety of American citizens. The Secretary is a member of the President's Cabinet. The position was created following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.
List of Secretaries of Homeland Security
Parties
(5)
(3)
(4)
Status
James Loy served as acting secretary in his capacity as Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security.
Rand Beers served as acting secretary in his capacity as confirmed Undersecretary of Homeland Security for National Protection and Programs and Acting Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security; Beers was the highest ranking Senate-approved presidential appointee at the Department of Homeland Security.
Elaine Duke served as acting secretary in her capacity as Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security.
Kevin McAleenan served as acting secretary in his capacity as Commissioner of Customs and Border Protection. His tenure was ruled unlawful.
Chad Wolf served as acting secretary in his capacity as Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Strategy, Policy, and Plans. His tenure was ruled unlawful.
Peter Gaynor served as acting secretary in his capacity as Federal Emergency Management Agency Administrator.
David Pekoske served as acting secretary in his capacity as Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration
References
United States Secretaries of Homeland Security
2003 establishments in the United States
Indravati River, Nepal

The Indravati River () is a river in Nepal. It is a tributary of Sun Kosi river which later joins Koshi River. It is also known as 'Melamchi khola'.
References
Rivers of Nepal
Capoterra

Capoterra (Cabuderra) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Cagliari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 23,592 people lived there. Its area is 68.49 km2. It is 54 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Pietro Grasso

Pietro Grasso (; born 1 January 1945), also known as Piero Grasso, is an Italian anti-mafia magistrate and politician. He was the President of the Italian Senate from 2013 until 2018. Grasso became Acting President of Italy on 14 January 2015, after the resignation of President Giorgio Napolitano. Sergio Mattarella succeeded Grasso as president when he was elected as the new president of Italy.
References
Other websites
1945 births
Living people
Presidents of Italy
Presidents of the Italian Senate
Italian judges
People from Sicily
Corrado Gaipa

Corrado Gaipa (13 March 1925 - 21 September 1989) was an Italian actor, best active on film, television, radio, theatre and voice dubbing. He gained international recognition in the role of Don Tommasino in the 1972 film The Godfather directed by Francis Ford Coppola. As a voice artist, he dubbed the voices of Bagheera in The Jungle Book, Scat-Cat in The Aristocats and Alec Guinness in the Star Wars trilogy.
Gaipa died on 21 September 1989 in Rome after some health problems.
References
Other websites
1925 births
1989 deaths
Italian movie actors
Italian television actors
Italian stage actors
Italian voice actors
Disease-related deaths in Rome
People from Palermo
Gretel Bergmann

Margaret "Gretel" Bergmann-Lambert (nee Bergmann; April 12, 1914 - July 25, 2017) was an American Jewish athlete. She was born in Laupheim, Wurttemberg. She competed as a high jumper during the 1930s. Because of her Jewish origins, the Nazis prevented her from taking part in the 1936 Summer Olympics, after which she left Germany and vowed never to return. She later moved to the United States.
Bergmann turned 100 in April 2014.
Bergmann died in Queens, New York on July 25, 2017 at he age of 103.
References
1914 births
2017 deaths
High jumpers
American centenarians
American track and field athletes
German centenarians
German Jews
Jewish American sportspeople
Jewish centenarians
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Refugees from Nazism
Sportspeople from Baden-Wurttemberg
Sportspeople from New York City
Divisions of Bangladesh

Bangladesh consists of a number of administrative areas called divisions (bibhag), each named after its respective capital.
Barishal (brishaal Borishal)
Chittagong (cttttgraam Chottogram)
Dhaka (ddhaakaa Dhaka)
Khulna (khulnaa Khulna)
Mymensingh (my'mnsiNh Moymonsingho)
Rajshahi (raajshaahii Rajshahi)
Sylhet (silett Sylhet)
Rangpur (rNpur Rangpur)
Each division is further split into districts (zila) which are then further sub-divided into Upazilas.
History
Following the Independence of Bangladesh of Bangladesh in 1971, the country inherited the four divisions of former East Pakistan:
Chittagong (cttttgraam Chottogram)
Dacca (ddhaakaa Dhaka)
Khulna (khulnaa Khulna)
Rajshahi (raajshaahii Rajshahi)
In 1983, the English spelling of the Dacca division (along with the name of the capital city) was changed to Dhaka to more closely match the Bangla pronunciation.
In 1993, Barisal division was split off from Khulna. Barisal (Bengali: brishaal) is one of the eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh. Located in the south-central part of the country, it has an area of 13,644.85 km2 (5,268.31 sq mi), and a population of 8,325,666 at the 2011 Census. It is bounded by Dhaka Division on the north, the Bay of Bengal on the south, Chittagong Division on the east and Khulna Division on the west. The administrative capital, Barisal city, lies in the Ganges (Padma) River delta on an offshoot of the Arial Khan River (Kirtonkhola). Barisal division is criss-crossed by numerous rivers that earned it the nickname 'Dhan-Nodi-Khal, Ei tine Borishal' (rice, river and canal built Barisal).
Sylhet Division (Bengali: silett) also known as Greater Sylhet or Sylhet region, is the northeastern division of Bangladesh, named after its main city, Sylhet. It is bordered by the Indian states of Meghalaya, Assam and Tripura to the north, east and south, respectively; and by the Bangladeshi divisions of Chittagong to the southwest, Dhaka and Mymensingh to the west.
Rangpur Division (Bengali: rNpur) became Bangladesh's seventh division on January 25, 2010. Before that, it was the northern 8 districts of the Rajshahi Division. The Rangpur division has eight districts: Rangpur, Dinajpur, Kurigram, Gaibandha, Nilphamari, Panchagarh, Thakurgaon, and Lalmonirhat. There are 58 subdistricts under these eight districts. Rangpur is the northernmost division of Bangladesh. There were 15,665,000 people at the 2011 Census. The major cities of this new division are Rangpur and Dinajpur.
On 12 January 2015 prime minister Sheikh Hasina declared the establishment of a new Mymensingh Division (Bengali: my'mnsiNh). The intention was that this would carve six districts (those comprising the original Mymensingh district of 1787) out of the Dhaka Division. However, while four of the districts were eager about the establishment of new division, people of Tangail and Kishorgonj Districts wanted to remain part of Dhaka Division. On 14 September 2015 Mymensingh was officially announced as a division consisting of four districts. It has an area of 10,485 km2 and a population of 11,370,000 as of the 2011 census.
es:Organizacion territorial de Bangladesh
Hällefors

Hallefors is an urban area in the county of Orebro in Sweden. It is the seat of Hallefors Municipality.
References
Settlements in Orebro County
Pilot Grove, Missouri

Pilot Grove is a city in Cooper County, Missouri, United States.
Cities in Missouri
Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology

Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology (TJHSST, TJ, Jefferson) is a high school in Virginia, United States. The school is a public school. It is part of the Fairfax Country Public Schools (FCPS). TJHSST is a selective school, which means that only a small group of people can go to the school. To decide who can go to the school, applicants (people who wants to go to the school) need to take an admission test, get a teacher recommendation, write essays, write a resume (a paper telling about who you are), and have good grades before. TJHSST is a very good school. U.S. News & World Report said that the school was the best public high school in the country from 2007 to 2013. In 2014 and 2015, TJHSST was first place again in Newsweek's "America's Top Schools" ranking.
References
Further reading
Lindsey, Drew. "Success Factory: Inside America's Best High School", Washingtonian, October 1, 2009.
Other websites
TJHSST Homepage
Schools in Virginia
1985 establishments in the United States
20th-century establishments in Virginia
Alexandria, Virginia
Herl

Herl is a municipality and a part of the Ruwer (municipality) in the Trier-Saarburg district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. As of 31 December 2018, 253 people lived there.
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities in Rhineland-Palatinate
Trier-Saarburg
Defensor Sporting

Defensor Sporting Club is a football club which plays in Uruguay.
The club formed from a merger of two football clubs ; Club Atletico Defensor and Sporting Club Uruguay in 1989.
References
Uruguayan football clubs
Montevideo
1913 establishments in South America
20th-century establishments in Uruguay
Westmoreland County, Virginia

Westmoreland County is a county in Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,477. Its county seat is Montross. It is the birthplace of the 1st President of the United States, George Washington.
References
Virginia counties
Match

A match is a tool for making fire under controlled circumstances. Most often, it is a small piece of wood, or hardened paper. At one end, the match is coated with a material that will ignite from friction. The lighting end of a match is known as the match "head". It either contains an oxidizing agent such as potassium chlorate, mixed with sulfur, fillers and glass powder as the active ingredient and gelatin as a binder. Matches are sold in multiples, packaged together either in a box, or in matchbooks. There are two main types of matches: safety matches, which can be struck only against a specially prepared surface; and strike-anywhere matches, for which any suitably frictional surface can be used.
There are also electric matches, which use electricity and not friction to produce a fire.
Early matches
Matches that used sulfur were mentioned by Martial in ancient Rome. He called them sulphurata.
Around the year 1530, Matches appeared in Europe. The first modern, self-igniting match was invented in 1805 by K. Chancel, assistant to Professor Louis Jacques Thenard of Paris, though. The head of the match was made of a mixture of potassium chlorate, sulfur, sugar, and rubber. They were ignited by dipping the tip of the match in a small asbestos bottle filled with sulfuric acid. This kind of match was quite expensive and its usage was dangerous, so Chancel's matches never gained much popularity.
Special-purpose matches
Storm matches, also known as lifeboat matches or flare matches, have an easy to strike tip like a normal match, but much of the stick is coated with a combustible compound which will keep burning even in a strong wind. They have a wax coating to make them waterproof. They are a component of many survival kits. This particular match was used in the first mass-produced Molotov cocktails.
"Bengal matches" are actually small hand-held fireworks akin to sparklers. They are similar to storm matches in form, but they include compounds of strontium or barium in the compound on the stick to produce a red or green flame respectively.
References
Related pages
The Little Match Girl
Other websites
A site demonstrating jet propulsion using matches and foil
Basic English 850 words
Tools
Fire
The Snow Maiden (1968 movie)

The Snow Maiden () is a 1968 Soviet fantasy movie directed by Pavel Kadochnikov. It stars Yevgenia Filonova, Evgeny Zharikov, and Irina Gubanova.
Actors
Yevgenia Filonova as Snegurochka
Evgeny Zharikov as Lel
Irina Gubanova as Kupava
Boris Khimichev as Misghir
Pavel Kadochnikov as Tsar Berendey
Natalya Klimova as Vesna
Valeri Malyshev as Brusilo
References
Other websites
1968 fantasy movies
Soviet fantasy movies
Movies set in palaces
Westerfield

Westerfield is a small village near Ipswich in Suffolk. It is about two miles north of the centre of Iswich. The village is served by Westerfield railway station on the Ipswich-Lowestoft East Suffolk Line. The village is home to two pubs, as well as the church, shown adjacent.
The area of the Village south of the railway is inside the borough of Ipswich, although the area North of the railway is inside Suffolk coastal. The railway is around 500 metres from the centre of the village The railway service provides Ipswich, Felixstowe and Woodbridge, and further afield.
The village holds a Scout fete, and a church fete, each year. These fetes include traditional games, incorporating many locals from in and around the local area.
The Village used to be home to a local primary school, as well as a small post office. Despite this the village is still home to a nice village hall, that is home to the 1st Westerfield scout group, as well as a Beaver and Cub group.
Despite this there are speeding issues along Westerfield road, driving through the centre of the village.
Other websites
Westerfield Village website
Villages in Suffolk
Civil parishes in Suffolk
Suffolk Coastal
Richard Laird

Richard Laird (July 4, 1939 - December 14, 2020) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives from 1978 to 2014. He was born in Rome, Georgia.
Laird died of COVID-19 on December 14, 2020, in Carrollton, Georgia at age 81.
References
1939 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Georgia (U.S. state)
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
People from Rome, Georgia