pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Krrish

Krrish is a 2006 Hindi-language superhero film directed, produced, and written by Rakesh Roshan. The film contains Hrithik Roshan and Priyanka Chopra in the lead roles as well as Naseeruddin Shah, Rekha, Manini Mishra, Archana Puran Singh and Sharat Saxena in the supporting roles. This movie is a sequel to Koi... Mil Gaya. The film had a global release on June 23, 2006. It received positive reviews and went on to become a blockbuster. It was also the third highest-grossing Indian film of the year. The movie followed with Krrish 3 in 2013. Also, in 2013, Toonz Animation India produced a Indian animated television film series of 4 Indian animated films that are also a part of the Krrish franchise and it focuses on the adventures on the kid version of Krrish, which is why it is called Kid Krrish. A fourth sequel to this film titled Krrish 4 is also in development, which will be released on December 30, 2022.
Plot
A young man named Krrish has inherited supernatural powers thanks to his father's encounter with an alien.
Cast
Hrithik Roshan as Krishna "Krrish" Mehra / Dr. Rohit Mehra (Double Role)
Priyanka Chopra as Priya Kalyanan
Naseeruddin Shah as Dr. Siddhant Arya
Rekha as Sonia Mehra
Manini Mishra as Honey Arora
Sharat Saxena as Dr. Vikram Sinha
Archana Puran Singh as Nayantara
Bin Xia as Kristian Li / Krrish
Hemant Pandey as Bahadur
Puneet Issar as Komal Singh
Akash Khurana as Father
Kiran Juneja as Amisha Kalyanan
Yu Xuan as Kristian's Sister
Preity Zinta as Nisha Mehra (Special Appearance)
Rakesh Roshan as Dr. Sanjay Mehra (Special Appearance)
References
Movies directed by Rakesh Roshan
Cyclone Dirk

Cyclone Dirk was a large and deep European windstorm. It affected Western Europe from Iberia to Iceland. It formed on December 21, 2013 and dissipated on December 27, 2013. The storm caused 6 deaths.
On land the low pressure during the storm was measured at on 24 December at Stornoway, Isle of Lewis off the north west coast of Scotland.
References
2013 in weather
Natural disasters
2013 in Europe
Giessen, Netherlands

Giessen is also a city in Hesse, Germany.
Giessen is a village in the municipality of Altena, Province of North Brabant, the Netherlands.
About 1,500 people are living there.
It lies at the Alm River and close to the Afgedamde Maas.
Well-known people
Carola Schouten (born 1977), politician
20th-century disestablishments in the Netherlands
Settlements in North Brabant
Former municipalities of North Brabant
Altena, Netherlands
Barre, Massachusetts

Barre is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.
Towns in Massachusetts
List of Texas hurricanes (1900–1949)

The list of Texas hurricanes lists tropical storms and hurricanes that hit the U.S. State of Texas during that 50-year period.
1900-1929
September 8-9, 1900: The 1900 Galveston Hurricane hit Galveston, Texas. The storm killed 8,000 to 12,000 people, mostly in Texas. It also caused $30 million in damage. It was the deadliest hurricane to ever hit the United States.
August 16-18, 1915: The 1915 Galveston hurricane hit just to the southwest of Galveston. The storm caused $56 million in damage in Texas alone. There were 111 deaths in or near Texas.
September 14-15, 1919: The 1919 Florida Keys hurricane struck near Corpus Christi, Texas. The storm took 284 to 300 lives near Corpus Christi.
1930-1949
August 13-14, 1932: The 1932 Freeport hurricane hit around Freeport. The storm caused forty deaths in Texas.
September 4-5, 1933: The eleventh storm struck just north of Brownsville. It killed 179 people. It caused $28 million in damage.
August 29-30, 1942: The 1942 Matagorda hurricane hit around Matagorda, Texas. It did $26.5 million in damage in south-central Texas. Eight people died.
July 27, 1943: The 1943 Surprise Hurricane hit at the Bolivar Peninsula, near Galveston. It was a Category 2 storm having winds near 105 mph. The storm killed 19 people. It caused $17 million in damage.
References
History of Texas
Hugin and Munin

Hugin and Munin are two ravens, commonly associated with Odin. They bring Odin news from the world, when he sends them out. Their names translate as thought and memory, respectively.
Norse mythology
Anita Page

Anita Evelyn Pomares (or Anita Page; born August 4, 1910 - died September 6, 2008) was an American silent movie actress. She retired from acting in 1936 but returned in the late 1990s. She appeared in the movie Our Dancing Daughters with Joan Crawford in 1928. The following year, she acted in The Broadway Melody.
Page was born in Queens, New York. She died in Los Angeles, California at ninety-eight.
American movie actors
Actors from New York City
1910 births
2008 deaths
All Quiet on the Western Front (song)

"All Quiet on the Western Front" is a 1982 song by Elton John. It is the closing track to his 16th studio album Jump Up!. It was also released as a single in the United Kingdom but did not chart. The song title is taken from the novel of the same name by Erich Maria Remarque.
References
1982 songs
Elton John songs
Fairmount Park

Fairmount Park is the largest park in Philadelphia. It is about 2,000 acres. The park is on both sides of the Schuykill river. It is in the northwest part of Philadelphia. There is an East and West section. The park includes sites like the Centennial Arboretum, a Horticulture Center, Fairmount Water Works, Memorial Hall (home of the Please Touch Museum), Shofuso Japanese House and Garden, Boathouse Row and Smith Memorial Playground and Playhouse.
References
Parks in the United States
Philadelphia
Higazi Said

Higazi Said was an swimmer from Egypt. Said competed at the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was born in 1916 and died on 30 August 1998.
References
Other websites
1916 births
1998 deaths
Egyptian swimmers
Egyptian Olympians
Sportspeople from Cairo
Dick Johnson Is Dead

Dick Johnson Is Dead is a 2020 American documentary movie, directed by Kirsten Johnson and co-written by Johnson and Nels Bangerter. The story focuses on Johnson's father Richard, who suffers from dementia, portraying different ways--some of them violent "accidents" -- in which he could ultimately die. In each scenario, the elderly Johnson plays along with his daughter's black humor and imaginative fantasies. The film premiered at the 2020 Sundance Film Festival, where it won the Special Jury Award for Innovation in Non-fiction Storytelling. It was released on Netflix on October 2, 2020.
Plot
Richard Johnson (referred to as "Dick") is a retired clinical psychiatrist who is suffering from dementia. His daughter Kirsten Johnson involves him in a series of imaginative enactments of his impending death, some of them violent "accidents", such as "falling down a flight of stairs, [or] being struck in the neck and bleeding out". She also has him act out his own funeral and fantasizes about him entering the gates of heaven. Dick amiably plays along with her black humor; in one scene he proposes, "You can euthanize me."
Cast
Kirsten Johnson
Richard "Dick" Johnson
References
Other websites
2020 documentary movies
Movies about death
American documentary movies
Movies about families
Abinary gender

Abinary gender represents gender identities that are completely unrelated to the gender binary. Some identify with a binary gender as female or male, others as neither female nor male, as abinary or beyond the binary gender model. With the term abinary people we refer to persons who do not or not only identify as women* or men* or not (only) female or male. Also common is the self-designation non-binary, which centers in the word formation by the suffix 'non-' the deviation from a binary norm as a moment of absence, which is why we use the positive self-designation abinary.
The term abinary may encompass specific identities, such maverique, agender, neutrois, and some xenogenders.
References
Gender
La Garde

La Garde is a city in the south of France. La Garde is the capital of the canton of La Garde.
Geography
La Garde is on the east of Toulon between Marseille and Nice. It's area land is 15.54 km2
Cities in France
Communes in Var
Fahrenheit 11/9

Fahrenheit 11/9 is a 2018 American political documentary by filmmaker Michael Moore about the 2016 United States presidential election and presidency of Donald Trump. The movie had its world premiere on , 2018, and was released in the United States on , 2018, by Briarcliff Entertainment.
It made $6.7 million worldwide. It received mostly positive reviews, with website Rotten Tomatoes saying that "Fahrenheit 11/9 finds Michael Moore in fine fighting form, delivering a political call to action that ranks among his most effective works".
References
2018 documentary movies
American documentary movies
Donald Trump
History of modern Mongolia

Mongolia became independent on December 29, 1911 from the Qing Dynasty.
Mongolian People's Republic
In 1924, the constitutional monarchy was no longer used when the king died. The Mongolian People's Republic was formed. The name of the capital city was changed from Kuriye to Ulan Bator. It was ruled by the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party and had very close relationship with the Soviet Union. The country was socialist.
The Republic of China had Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance with the USSR. However, the Soviet Union was later criticised for helping the People's Republic of China in the Chinese Civil War. In United Nations General Assembly Resolution 505, the Republic of China claimed that they would not give up Mongolia as a part of China.
Mongolia
In February 1992, Mongolia gave up socialism. The name of the country was shortened to "Mongolia".
Reference
History of Mongolia
Thymus

The thymus is a specialized lymphoid organ of the immune system. The thymus is in front of the heart and behind the breastbone.
In the thymus, T cells or T lymphocytes mature. T cells are critical to the adaptive immune system, where the body adapts specifically to foreign invaders.
The thymus is where T cells develop from hematopoietic (blood-forming) cells. In addition, this is where the T cells get tolerant to cells of the body.
The thymus is largest and most active during the newborn and pre-adolescent periods. By the early teens, the thymus begins to slow down. However, it continues to make lymphocytes throughout adult life.
Lymphatic system
John W. de Gruchy

John W. de Gruchy (born 18 March 1939) is a South African Christian theologian. He is known for his work resisting apartheid.
He is a Emeritus Professor at the University of Cape Town and Extraordinary Professor at the University of Stellenbosch. He was born in Pretoria, South Africa.
References
1939 births
Living people
South African writers
Christian theologians
South African academics
People from Pretoria
Laurie Bird

Laurie Bird (born September 26, 1953-June 15, 1979) was an American actress and photographer. She acted in only three movies. Her most well-known was the 1977 movie Annie Hall.
Bird died from a Valium overdose in New York City at age 25.
People from New York (state)
American movie actors
1953 births
1979 deaths
Three Steps to Heaven (song)

"Three Steps to Heaven" is a song co-written by Eddie Cochran released in 1960 and went to number 1 in the United Kingdom and Ireland shortly after his death on April 17, 1960.
References
1960 songs
Eddie Cochran songs
Country pop songs
Doo-wop songs
Concarneau

Concarneau () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistere department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Finistere
Valeriu Bularca

Valeriu Bularca (14 February 1931 - 7 February 2017) was a retired Romanian wrestler. He competed at the 1960 and 1964 Olympics and won a silver medal in 1964. In 1961 he became the first Romanian wrestler to win a world title. He collected six national titles between 1957 and 1964.
After retiring from competitions he worked as a wrestling coach at CS Steagu Rosu in Brasov.
Bularca died in Brasov on 7 February 2017, aged 85.
References
1931 births
2017 deaths
Romanian sportspeople
Wrestlers
Alexander, Maine

Alexander is a town in Washington County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Gandhi (movie)

Gandhi is a 1982 British and Indian biographical movie based on the life of Indian activist Mohandas Gandhi. It is directed and produced by Richard Attenborough. It was written by John Briley and some of it by Steven Spielberg. The music was composed by Ravi Shankar. The cinematography was by Billy Williams.
It stars Ben Kingsley as Gandhi. Other cast members include John Mills, John Gielgud, Trevor Howard, Daniel Day-Lewis, Richard Griffiths, Martin Sheen, Nigel Hawthorne, Shane Rimmer, Athol Fugard, John Ratzenberger, Bernard Hill, Shriram Lagoo, Terrence Hardiman, Tom Alter and Om Puri with Alyque Padamsee.
It was released on 30 November 1982 in India, on 2 December 1982 in the United Kingdom, and on 6 December 1982 in the United States. It raised $52,767,889 at the box office. It had a budget of $13 million.
The movie was nominated for eleven Academy Award, winning eight. It won Best Picture, Best Actor, and Best Director. It also won the Golden Globe Award for Best Picture and the BAFTA Award for Best Picture.
Attenborough said that the movie was his dream project.
Other websites
The Gandhi nobody knows Gandhism.net
How accurate is the movie Gandhi? Biography.com
Academy Award winning movies
Golden Globe Award winning movies
BAFTA Award winning movies
1982 drama movies
1980s biographical movies
British biographical movies
British drama movies
Indian movies
Movies directed by Richard Attenborough
Movies set in India
Movies set in South Africa
Movies set in the United Kingdom
Movies set in the 1890s
Movies set in the 1910s
Movies set in the 1920s
Movies set in the 1930s
Movies set in the 1940s
Jake and the Fatman

Jake and the Fatman is an American crime drama television series. It stars William Conrad as prosecutor J. L. (Jason Lochinvar) "Fatman" McCabe and Joe Penny as investigator Jake Styles.
The series ran on CBS for five seasons from September 26, 1987, to May 6, 1992.
Diagnosis: Murder was a spin-off of this series.
References
1987 American television series debuts
1992 American television series endings
American crime television series
American drama television series
Bilady, Bilady, Bilady

"Bilady, Bilady, Bilady" (, ; "My Country, My Country, My Country"), officially called "Biladi, laki hubbi wa fu`adi" (; "My homeland, you have my love and my heart"), is the national anthem of Egypt.
Lyrics
Arabic original
Coptic lyrics
References
African anthems
National symbols of Egypt
Felice Cece

Felice Cece (26 March 1936 - 12 May 2020) was an Italian Roman Catholic archbishop. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1959. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Teano-Calvi from 1984 to 1989 and as archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Sorrento-Castellammare di Stabia from 1989 to 2010. He was born in Cimitile, Italy.
Cece died on 12 May 2020, aged 84.
References
1936 births
2020 deaths
Italian Roman Catholic archbishops
Daniel N. Robinson

Daniel N. Robinson (March 9, 1937 - September 17, 2018) was an American philosopher. He was a professor of philosophy at Georgetown University and a fellow of the faculty of philosophy at Oxford University.
He held academic positions at Amherst College, Georgetown University, Princeton University, and Columbia University. In addition, he served as the principal consultant to PBS and the BBC for their award-winning series "The Brain" and "The Mind", and he lectured for The Great Courses' series on Philosophy.
Robinson died on September 17, 2018 from heart failure at the age of 81.
References
1937 births
2018 deaths
American philosophers
Columbia University faculty
Princeton University faculty
Eyes of a Thief

Eyes of a Thief () is a 2014 Palestinian French Algerian drama movie directed by Najwa Najjar and starring Khaled Abol Naga, Souad Massi, Nisreen Faour, Maisa Abd Elhadi, Areen Omari.
Other websites
2014 drama movies
Palestinian movies
French drama movies
Algerian movies
Movies directed by Najwa Najjar
Stroganov family

The House of Stroganov or Stroganoff also known as the Stroganov family were a Russian noble family that were very powerful and often involved in the politics of the time. They even financed some military campaigns which shows how rich they were. During the Great Northern War of 1700-1721, the Stroganovs gave sizable financial support to the government of Peter the Great. Because of this, Alexander Grigoriyevich, Nikolay Grigoriyevich, and Sergei Grigoriyevich were raised to the rank of baron in 1722 and later to that of Count. The head of the family was called Count Stroganov and his wife Countess Stroganova. Extremely wealthy after the Russian Revolution of 1917 the Stroganov family emigrated with the White movement and all family property in Russia was nationalized. Even though they had much political influence they were also merchants in their own right. They were great rivals of the Counts Vorontsov as well as the Counts Sheremetev.
Namesakes
The "Stroganov School" - conventional name for the last major Russian icon-painting school, which thrived under the patronage of the fabulously rich Stroganov family of merchants in the late 16th and 17th century.
Stroganov Palace in St Petersburg. The main family residence built by the famous Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli from 1753 to 1754.
"Beef Stroganoff" a Russian dish including beef.
Russian nobility
Anton Schlembach

Anton Schlembach (7 February 1932 - 15 June 2020) was an Italian Roman Catholic official. He was the 95th Bishop of Speyer from 1985 to 2007.
On 25 August 1983 Pope John Paul II named him the successor to bishop Friedrich Wetter. He became the bishop on 16 October 1983 in the Speyer cathedral. Pope Benedict XVI agreed to his retirement, effective 10 February 2007.
Schlembach died 15 June 2020, aged 88.
References
1932 births
2020 deaths
Italian Roman Catholic bishops
Moody Bible Institute

Moody Bible Institute (MBI) is an institute in Chicago on the Near North Side. In 1886, it was started by evangelist and businessman Dwight Lyman Moody. MBI has three major ministries: education, broadcasting and publishing.
Other websites
Moody Bible Institute
Christian colleges and universities in the United States
Colleges and universities in Chicago
1886 establishments in the United States
1880s establishments in Illinois
Our Girl Friday

Our Girl Friday is a 1953 British romantic comedy movie directed by Noel Langley and is based on the 1934 novel The Cautious Amorist by Norman Lindsay. It stars George Cole, Kenneth Moore, Joan Collins, Robertson Hare, Felix Felton and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Other websites
1953 comedy movies
1950s romantic comedy movies
British romantic comedy movies
Movies based on books
Olympia (Manet)

Olympia is an 1863 oil painting by Edouard Manet. When it was first exhibited in 1865, the subject of the painting was controversial.
History
Manet reworked Giorgione's The Sleeping Venus (c. 1510) and Titian's Venus of Urbino (c. 1538) in creating Olympia. Olympia may also take inspiration from Francisco Goya's La maja desnuda (c. 1800). This is uncertain however. Victorine Meurent was Manet's model for Olympia. She posed as a bullfighter for him and also for the Dejeuner sur l'Herbe of 1862-63. Manet painted Olympia in the autumn of 1863. The work was first seen by the public at the 1865 Salon in Paris. Manet delayed showing the painting because he feared it might produce some negative reactions.
Reaction
Olympia did produce negative reactions: people hated it. Some people thought the painting was immoral and vulgar. Critic Paul de Saint-Victor wrote in La Presse, "People throng in front of Manet's putrid Olympia as they would in front of a body in the Morgue. This is art fallen so low that it is not even worthy of censure". Nathaniel Harris writes, "In reviewing Olympia Gautier wrote that the model was puny, the bed covered with cat's footprints, the general effect ugly: but then he made the point that "we would forgive the ugliness, were it only truthful ... The least beautiful woman has bones, muscles, skin, and some sort of colour", whereas on this woman the flesh colour was dirty and the modeling non-existent." Some liked the painting. Emile Zola said it was Manet's "masterpiece". He added, "When other artists correct nature by painting Venus they lie. Manet asked himself why he should lie. Why not tell the truth?" In 1866 Zola wrote with tongue-in-cheek, "If only Manet had borrowed a powder puff ... and had lightly powdered Olympia's cheeks and her breasts she would have been a bit more presentable".
Commentary
Modern art historian Nathaniel Harris writes, "...Olympia was an erotic shock ... Manet presented a young woman with erotic modern trappings ... that served to emphasize her nakedness ... To add to the puzzlement of the ordinary man, Olympia's gaze was not in the least inviting, or provocative, or even enigmatic ... it was simply neutral ... [N]eutrality ... was one more affront to the 19th-century male, whose picture-women were supposed to yield, to comply ... Here the girl is cool and confident, and it is the setting and properties that suggest sexualityperhaps a commercialized sexuality that is none too reassuring to the male ego."
Gallery
Further reading
References
Other websites
Phylis A. Floyd, The Puzzle of Olympia
Seibert, Margaret Mary Armbrust. A Biography of Victorine-Louise Meurent and Her Role in the Art of Edouard Manet. Diss. The Ohio State University, 1986.
1860s paintings
Paintings by Edouard Manet
Paintings in the Musee d'Orsay, Paris
Star Wars: Clone Wars (2003 TV series)

Star Wars: Clone Wars is an American animated television series created by Genndy Tartakovsky set after Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones from Three Months after the Battle of Geonosis and before Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith when Anakin turns evil. It serves as a spiritual predecessor to Star Wars: The Clone Wars.
Plot
The Clone Wars has begin as the Jedi Knights struggle to maintain peace in the galaxy and are forced to lead the Clone army of the Republic against the evil droids army of the Sith led by Count Dooku, General Grievous and other villians.
Production
The series was intended to be one minute short length, but due to test screenings, they were extended to three minutes.
Episodes
The first nineteen episodes released during 2003 and 2004 are three minutes long. The twentieth episode was eight minutes long. The last five episodes released during 2005 are twelve minutes long.
Release
Broadcast
The series aired on Cartoon Network U.S and Cartoon Network Worldwide. First in U.S in 2003.
Home media
The seasons of the show was made in DVD released as Volume One for the first two seasons and Volume Two for the third and final season.
References
Other websites
Clone Wars at the Big Cartoon DataBasey
Clone Wars, Star Wars.
Cartoon Network series
2003 American television series debuts
2005 American television series endings
2000s American animated television series
Television series created by Genndy Tartakovsky
English-language television programs
Bradley County, Tennessee

Bradley County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. At the 2020 census, 108,620 people lived there. The county seat is Cleveland.
References
Tennessee counties
Branislav Šoškić

Branislav Soskic (19 November 1922 - 4 April 2022) was a Montenegrin politician. He was the President of the Socialist Republic of Montenegro's Presidency from 1985 to 1986. He was a member of the League of Communists of Montenegro. Soskic was born in Gusinje, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. He was member of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts and the Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts. He was its President from 1981 to 1985.
Soskic died on 4 April 2022 in Belgrade, Serbia at the age of 99.
References
1922 births
2022 deaths
Presidents of Montenegro
Ljupčo Jordanovski

Ljupco Jordanovski (, ; 13 February 1953 - 7 October 2010) was a Macedonian seismologist and politician. He was a member of the Social Democratic Union of Macedonia party. He took office as Speaker of the Assembly on 18 November 2003. When President Boris Trajkovski was killed in a plane crash on 26 February 2004, Jordanovski was sworn in as Acting President.
References
1953 births
2010 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
Legislative speakers
Ambassadors
Presidents of North Macedonia
L'Isle-Adam

L'Isle-Adam is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.
References
Communes in Val-d'Oise
Homer

Homer is the name of the Greek poet who wrote the epic poems the Iliad and the Odyssey. These are the earliest works of Greek literature which have survived to the present day, and are among the greatest treasures of the ancient world. They are a product of Mycenaean culture. The Iliad tells the story of the Trojan war, which took place around 1190 BC. The manuscripts of Homer were written much later, probably later than 800 BC.
The history
What makes the history of this period so difficult is that the Mycenaean civilization was followed by several hundred years of decline, from which little or no writing has survived. This period, the Greek Dark Ages, ended around 800 BC, when once again we find Greek writing, though this time in their newly developed alphabetic script. Therefore, there is a distinct possibility that the Homeric epics had a life, perhaps a long life, as oral literature, spoken by story-tellers.
We know little about Homer, and the later Greeks also knew little about him. Some have doubted he was a real person; others think he was a woman.
A legend, has it that he was a blind poet who lived in Ionia. There is no definite evidence for any of these ideas.
There is archaeological evidence that Troy existed. The site of Troy has been discovered, and excavated. Therefore, it is a fair guess that the epic began as a long oral poem based on the siege of Troy, but with details added and changed as time went on. Homer's poetry is different from other poetry because it had to be short in order to be memorized.
The date of Homer, and the transcription
The date of Homer's existence is not known. Herodotus said that Homer lived 400 years before his own time, which would place him at around 850 BC; but other ancient sources gave dates much closer to the time of the Trojan War. The date of the Trojan War was given as 1194-1184 BC by Eratosthenes.
Today, "the date of Homer" means the date of the writing down the oral poems, rather than the life of Homer. This is called the transcription date. The language suggests that the earliest possible date for the transcription is 800 BC, and the latest possible date is 600 AD.
References
Ancient Greek poets
Joan of Kent

Joan of Kent (29 September 1328 - 7 August 1385) was the wife of Edward, the Black Prince, who was the son and heir of Edward III of England. She was the mother of King Richard II of England.
House of Plantagenet
1328 births
1385 deaths
Hard science

Hard science is science that uses systematic observation, experiments and sometimes mathematics to get knowledge. In hard science, experiments have to be reproducible (if the experiment is done a second time, it will have to produce the same results as the first time). Also, in hard sciences there is usually good agreement as to what is known for sure. This is not true of soft sciences. Also, in hard science there is a world-view or theory which is widely agreed.
Hard science subjects include the natural sciences, which are about the natural world. These include physics, chemistry, biology, geology, astronomy, and botany. Soft science is any of the social sciences, including history, sociology, and political science. Those sciences are soft because something could be done more than once, and produce a very different result each time. Also, there are radical disagreements between various schools of thought. Some aspects of psychology are hard science, especially relating to perception.
References
Science
PlayStation

The PlayStation (often known as the PS1 or the PSX) is a video game console made by Sony released in December 1994. At the time, it was competing against the Nintendo 64 and the Sega Saturn. PlayStation games were stored on CDs. The controllers that were first released with the console had no analog joysticks on them, but analog joysticks and a vibration feature were added to later controllers.
A slimmer version of the console called the PS one was released in 2000. It was white instead of grey.
It was succeeded by the PlayStation 2 in March 2000 and was discontinued on March 23, 2006 (eight months before the PlayStation 3 was released).
Sales
The PlayStation and the PSOne have sold over 120 million consoles.
Peripherals
PocketStation
The PocketStation was a very small games console released as a peripheral (an extra accessory) for the PlayStation. It had a clock, an LCD display and four buttons. It could be used as a memory card. It wasn't released in the United States, because it did not sell well.
References
Digon

In geometry, a digon is a polygon with two sides (edges) and two vertices. Its construction is degenerate in a Euclidean plane because either the two sides would coincide or one or both would have to be curved; however, it can be easily visualised in elliptic space.
A regular digon has both angles equal and both sides equal and is represented by Schlafli symbol {2}. It may be constructed on a sphere as a pair of 180 degree arcs connecting antipodal points, when it forms a lune.
The digon is the simplest abstract polytope of rank 2.
A truncated digon, t{2} is a square, {4}. An alternated digon, h{2} is a monogon, {1}.
Shapes
2
Earl Old Person

Earl Old Person (April 13, 1929 - October 13, 2021) was an American Native political leader. He was Chief of the Blackfeet tribe in Montana.
In 1993, Old Person delivered the first State of the Indian Nation address to the Montana Legislature.
On October 13, 2021, Old Person died from cancer in Browning, Montana at the age of 92.
References
1929 births
2021 deaths
Politicians from Montana
Native American people
Cancer deaths in Montana
Barnsley F.C.

Barnsley F.C. is an English football club who play in Barnsley, Yorkshire. The club was founded in 1887 and play its home games at a stadium called Oakwell.
Name
1887-1897 Barnsley St. Peter's F.C.
1897-present Barnsley F.C.
League position
Former position
Managers
Arthur Fairclough (1898-01)
John McCartney (1901-04)
Arthur Fairclough (1904-12)
John Hastie (1912-14)
Percy Lewis (1914-19)
Peter Saint (1919-26)
John Cummins (1926-29)
Arthur Fairclough (1929-30)
Brough Fletcher (1930-37)
Angus Seed (1937-53)
Tim Ward (1953-60)
Johnny Steele (1960-71)
John McSeveney (1971-72)
Johnny Steele (1972-73)
Jim Iley (1973-78)
Allan Clarke (1978-80)
Norman Hunter (1980-84)
Bobby Collins (1984-85)
Allan Clarke (1985-89)
Mel Machin (1989-93)
Viv Anderson (1993-94)
Danny Wilson (1994-98)
John Hendrie (1998-1999)
Eric Winstanley (Caretaker) (1999)
Dave Bassett (1999-2000)
Eric Winstanley (Caretaker) (2000-2001)
Nigel Spackman (2001)
Glyn Hodges (Caretaker) (2001)
Steve Parkin (2001-2002)
Glyn Hodges (2002-2003)
Gudjon Thordarson (2003-2004)
Paul Hart (2004-2005)
Andy Ritchie (2005-2006)
Simon Davey (2006-2009)
Mark Robins (2009-2011)
Keith Hill (2011-2012)
Thomas Wade(Caretaker) (2012- 2015)
Club records
Record League Victory: 9-0 v Loughborough Town, Second Division, 28 January 1899
Record Cup Victory: 6-0 v Blackpool, FA Cup First Round, 20 January 1910
Record League Defeat: 0-9 v Notts County, Second Division, 19 January 1927
Record Cup Defeat: 1-8 v Derby County, FA Cup First Round, 30 January 1987
Highest League Scorer in Season:
Most League Goals in Total Aggregate: Ernie Hine, 123, 1921-1938
Most Internationals Caps: Gerry Taggart, 35, Northern Ireland
Most League Appearances: Barry Murphy, 514, 1962-1978
Record Transfer Fee Received: PS4,500,000 from Blackburn Rovers for Ashley Ward, December 1998
Record Transfer Fee Paid: PS1,500,000 to Partizan Belgrade for Georgi Hristov (1997) and PS1,500,000 to QPR for Mike Sheron (1999)
Record Attendance: 40,255 v Stoke City, FA Cup 5th Round, 15 February 1936
Youngest ever Football League player: Reuben Noble-Lazarus 15 years and 45 days
References
English football clubs
1887 establishments in Europe
1880s establishments in England
Vandans

Vandans is a municipality in the district of Bludenz in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg.
References
Settlements in Vorarlberg
Context switch

A context switch is the computing process of saving and restoring the state (context) of a CPU such that multiple processes can share a single CPU resource. The context switch is an essential feature of a multitasking operating system.
Context switches are usually time consuming and much of the design of operating systems is to minimize the time of context switches.
A context switch can mean a register context switch, a task context switch, a thread context switch, or a process context switch. What will be switched is determined by the processor and the operating system.
The scheduler is the part of the operating systems that manage context switching, it perform context switching in one of the following conditions:
Multitasking: One process needs to be switched out of (termed "yield" which means "give up") the CPU so another process can run. Within a preemptive multitasking operating system, the scheduler allows every task (according to its priority level) to run for some certain amount of time, called its time slice where a timer interrupt triggers the operating system to schedule another process for execution instead.If a process will wait for one of the computer resources or will perform an I/O operation, the operating system schedules another process for execution instead.
Interrupt handling: Some CPU architectures (like the Intel x86 architecture) are interrupt driven. When an interrupt occurs, the scheduler calls its interrupt handler in order to serve the interrupt after switching contexts; the scheduler suspended the currently running process till executing the interrupt handler.
User and kernel mode switching: When a transition between user mode and kernel mode is required in an operating system, a context switch is not necessary; a mode transition is not by itself a context switch. However, depending on the operating system, a context switch may also take place at this time.
Context switching can be performed primarily by software or hardware. Some CPUs have hardware support for context switches, else if not, it is performed totally by the operating system software. In a context switch, the state of a process must be saved somehow before running another process, so that, the scheduler resume the execution of the process from the point it was suspended; after restoring its complete state before running it again.
Other websites
Context Switch Definition - by The Linux Information Project (LINFO)
Computer science
Henri Coppens

Henri 'Rik' Francois Louis Coppens (29 April 1930 - 5 February 2015) was a Belgian footballer. He played as a striker. He played 389 games and scored 261 goals for Beerschot AC. Coppens won the first Belgian Golden Shoe in 1954.
For many he's unknown but for others he's the famous creator of the 'Johan Cruyff' penalty.
Creation of the 'Johan Cruyff' penalty
5 June, 1957, Belgium was facing Iceland in a World Cup Qualification match. The match started perfectly for Les Diables Rouges who soon were leading the game by a ludicrous 6-1 against a weak and pretty much unknown adversary who still had to face over forty-five minutes of pain.
44' minute of the game, near the end of the first-half, referee whistles for what would be one of the best penalties of the entire history. 'Rik' Coppens was the one chosen to be the executioner of it but instead of shooting directly to the net, he passed to his teammate Andre Piters who shot for the 7-1. The game didn't ended there, the second half was open for more goals, specially for Iceland, but were not enough to change a sure winner since it ended with a magnificent 8-3 and with a penalty that changed an entire nation of football lovers since then.
This particular way of scoring a penalty, the two-man penalty, was remade by many over the years, and even failed by many like Thierry Henry and Robert Pires, but when someone talks about this particular style of scoring there is one name that immediately pops up - Johan Cruyff. A player who, with the help of his teammate Jasper Olsen, when both were players of Ajax, scored one of this amazing penalties against Helmond Sport.
Cruyff passed the ball to Jasper who then passed it back to a magnificent and cruel finish that many will remember for years.
Late years
After his career as a player, he became a coach with Tubantia Borgerhout (1970-1971), Berchem (1971-1974 and 1977-1981), Beerschot (1974-1977 and 1981-1984) and Club Brugge (1981).
References
1930 births
2015 deaths
Belgian footballers
Belgian football managers
Sportspeople from Antwerp
The Land of Stories

The Land of Stories is a series of children's books written by American author, actor and singer Chris Colfer. The first book, The Wishing Spell, was released on July 17, 2012. The sixth and final book was published in July 2017. Colfer said the books are a "modern day fairy tale". It is about the adventures of twins, Alex and Conner Bailey. They fall from the real world into a world full of fairy tales they have only ever read about before and discover there is more to this world than meets the eye.
Characters
Alex
Conner
Mom
Nan
Froggy
Jack
Goldilocks
The Big Bad Wolf Pack
Little Red Riding Hood
Queen Snow White
The Evil Queen
Queen Cinderella
Goblin
Troll
References
Children's books
Frank Bruno

Franklin Roy Bruno MBE (born 16 November 1961) is a British boxer-turned actor. His parents were from the Caribbean. He was born in Hammersmith, west London and grew up in Wandsworth, south London. He won the WBC heavyweight championship in 1995.
Bruno has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder.
References
Other websites
Official website
1961 births
Living people
Actors from London
Black British actors
Black British sportspeople
British boxers
English movie actors
English television actors
People from Hammersmith
People from Wandsworth
People with bipolar disorder
Sportspeople from London
Cistanthe monandra

Cystanthe monandra is a species of flowering plant. It is known as the common pussypaws.
The plant is native to the Southwestern United States, Southern California, and nearby Baja California. It grows in sandy areas such as deserts and coastal and mountain scrub habitats.
References
Caryophyllales
Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor

The F-22 Raptor is a fighter plane made by Lockheed Martin. It first flew in 1990 and entered service in the United States Air Force in 2005. Because it is very expensive and dogfighting isn't common today, there aren't as many of them as other fighter planes. It is stealth plane, which means it is very hard to see on radar. It can hold 6 radar-guided medium-range AIM-120 AMRAAM missiles and 2 heat-seeking, short-range AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles, but there are other payloads it can hold. Its top speed is 1,500 miles per hour, which is 2.4 times the speed of sound. It features thrust vectoring, where the plane's thrust nozzles turn to help turn it faster. Thrust vectoring is very useful in dogfights.
The F-22 Raptor is a 5th generation fighter and is a very expensive plane to produce. In order to protect the F-22 Raptor's stealth technology and classified systems, the U.S. has not sold the F-22 Raptor to other countries. If they do, they will export them in a state that isn't as powerful as the ones used by the U.S.
Similar airplanes
Su-57 - Russian counterpart of the F-22.
F-35 - A similar American 5th generation plane, except it is a multirole jet instead of a fighter.
- on UAC Official YouTube Channnel
United States Air Force aircraft
F-22
Dan Byrd

Daniel Byrd (born November 20, 1985) is an American actor. He is known for his roles in A Cinderella Story, the 2006 remake of The Hills Have Eyes, the 2010 movies Easy A and Norman, and the sitcoms Aliens in America and Cougar Town.
Byrd was born in Chicago.
References
Other websites
Interview with Dan Byrd about A Cinderella Story
1985 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American child actors
Actors from Chicago
Ōiso

is a Japanese town in Kanagawa Prefecture on the island of Honshu.
History
In the Edo period, Oiso-juku was 8th of the 53 shogunate-maintained waystations (shuku-eki) along the Tokaido road which connected Edo and Kyoto.
Geography
Oiso is on the coastline of Sagami Bay.
Related pages
The Fifty-three Stations of the Tokaido
References
Other websites
Town of Oiso website ;
Towns in Japan
Settlements in Kanagawa Prefecture
Vanadzor

Vanadzor is the third-largest city in Armenia. In 2001 there were 107,394 people. It is the capital of the Lori Province. It was named Kirovakan during the Soviet era and Karakilisa during the Tsarist period.
Much of the city's history is unknown. The history of the area possibly dates back to the Bronze Age. It was part of the Kingdom of Armenia. The town had a lot of damage from the 1988 Spitak earthquake.
Most of the people belong to the Armenian Apostolic Church. Vanadzor is the home of the Diocese of Gougark.
Notable people
Stepan Zoryan, an Armenian writer
Suren Aghababyan, a literary critic
Artavazd Peleshyan, a documentary film-maker
Shavarsh Karapetyan, a Soviet Armenian finswimmer
Vic Darchinyan, World unified boxing champion and the IBF, WBO, WBC champion
Gor Mkhitarian, an Armenian rock-musician
Tigran Sargsyan, Prime Minister of Armenia
References
Cities in Armenia
Don Michael Paul

Donald Michael Paul (born April 17, 1963) is an actor, director, writer, and producer.
Biography
He starred in the films Heart of Dixie and Rich Girl with Jill Schoelen and appeared in Aloha Summer. He wrote the screenplay for Harley Davidson and the Marlboro Man. He acted in the short-lived 1992 CBS detective series The Hat Squad. He played a prominent role in Models Inc. and Robot Wars.
He has directed several films, including Half Past Dead in 2002, Lake Placid: The Final Chapter (2012), and Tremors 5: Bloodlines.
References
Other websites
1963 births
American movie producers
American movie actors
Living people
MR electric units

The Midland Railway (MR) experimented with electrification on its Heysham-Morecambe-Lancaster line. Electric trains started to run over this route in 1908. The system used was 6,600 Volt, 25 Hz alternating current from overhead lines. Power was generated at the MR's own power station in Heysham.
MR
Burlington, Massachusetts

Burlington is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 24,498 at the 2010 census.
References
Towns in Massachusetts
Electoral district of Riverstone

Riverstone is an electoral district of New South Wales. It was created in 1981.
Riverstone is in Greater Western Sydney.
Election results
References
Riverstone
Ned Jarrett

Ned Jarrett (born October 12, 1932) is a retired race car driver and two-time NASCAR Grand National Series champion. He was born in Conover, North Carolina. He was best known for his calm attitude and he became known as "Gentleman Ned Jarrett". He is the father of former drivers Glenn Jarrett and Dale Jarrett and grandfather of Jason Jarrett.
Jarrett was added into the 2011 class of the NASCAR Hall of Fame on May 18 2011.
References
Other websites
Drivers statistics at racing-reference.info
International Motorsports Hall of Fame
Oceanside Rotary Club of Daytona Beach Hall of Fame
Transcript of Jarrett's July 4, 1984 interview of President Ronald Reagan on MRN Radio
Talladega Walk of Fame
Account of the 1965 Southern 500
Biography
Living people
1932 births
NASCAR drivers
Sportspeople from North Carolina
George Kittle

George Kittle is a tight end who currently plays for the San Francisco 49ers. He was drafted in 2017 in the fifth round.
American football tight ends
San Francisco 49ers players
Juha (1999 movie)

Juha is a 1999 Finnish German French romantic comedy movie directed by Aki Kaurismaki and was the fourth adaption of the 1911 novel of the same name by Juhani Aho. It stars Sakari Kuosmanen, Kati Outinen, Andre Wilms, Markku Peltola, Outi Maenpaa, Esko Nikkari.
Other websites
1999 romantic comedy movies
Finnish movies
German romance movies
German comedy movies
French romance movies
French comedy movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Aki Kaurismaki
Irma Cordero

Irma Cordero was a volleyball player from Peru. Irma competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1976 Summer Olympics. She was born on 8 March 1942.
References
Other websites
1942 births
2019 deaths
Peruvian volleyball players
Peruvian Olympians
Chemical kinetics

Chemical kinetics, also called reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry connected with study of how fast chemical reactions go. This includes studying how different conditions such as temperature, pressure or solvent used, affect the speed of a reaction. Chemical kinetics can also be used to find out about reaction mechanisms and transition states.
The basic idea of chemical kinetics is called collision theory. This states that for a reaction to happen, the molecules must hit each other. Ways of increasing the speed of the reaction must therefore increase the number of hits. This can be done in many ways.
With experiments it is possible to calculate reaction rates from which you can get rate laws and rate constants. A rate law is a mathematical expression with which you can calculate the speed of a reaction given the concentration of the reagents.
Order of a reaction
the equilibrium is dynamic in nature
There are many types of rate laws, but the most common are:
zero-order reaction: the speed does not depend on the concentration
first-order reaction: the speed depends on the concentration of only one reactant
second-order reaction: the speed depends on the concentration of two reactants, or on the concentration of one reactant squared.
From this data, it is possible to think about the mechanism of the reaction. If it is second-order, for example, then it is likely that both molecules in the reaction are coming together during the rate-determining step. This is the most difficult step in the mechanism to go through, because it has the highest activation energy.
Chemical kinetics
Man Ray

Man Ray (born Emmanuel Radnitzky; August 27, 1890 - November 18, 1976) was an American visual artist born in Philadelphia. He spent most of his career in Paris. Ray made a significant contribution to the Dada and surrealist movements.
He was best known for his photography, and he was a renowned fashion and portrait photographer. Man Ray is also noted for his work with photograms, which he called "rayographs" in reference to himself.
References
American artists
American photographers
42

42 is a year in the 1st century. It was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caesar and Piso.
Events
Roman Empire
Romans take control of Ceuta.
Lands now known as Algeria and Morocco become a Roman province.
The Dalmatian legate Furius Camillus Scribonianus revolts. His troops do not support him and the rebellion quickly ends.
Claudius starts building the Port of Ostia.
Asia
Suro becomes the first king of Geumgwan Gaya in the Korean peninsula.
Chinese General My Yuan puts down the rebellion of the Trung sisters in Tonkin.
Religion
25 January: the apostle Paul becomes a Christian. The exact date is not known, but the Catholic Church has chosen to celebrate it on this date.
Births
Herennius Philo (approximate date) (d. 141)
Pope Sixtus I (d. 124)
Deaths
Arria
Gaius Appius Junius Silanus
40s
Easton, Minnesota

Easton is a city in Faribault County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 199 at the 2010 census.
References
Cities in Minnesota