pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Punter

A punter (P) is a position in American and Canadian football. Punters are members of the special teams. Punts punt the ball away to the opposite team during a fourth (American) or Third (Canadian) down. The punter will sometimes do a fake punt and run or throw the ball. They can also fill in for a placekicker.
Canadian football
American football positions
Narendra Kumar (mountaineer)

Narendra "Bull" Kumar, PVSM, KC, AVSM, (also spelled Narinder; (8 December 1933 - 31 December 2020) was an Indian soldier-mountaineer. He was deputy leader of the first Indian successful Everest Expedition in 1965.
In 1965, Narendra was awarded Padma Shri, the fourth highest civilian award in India, and Arjuna Award
for the first Indian successful Everest Expedition in 1965.
References
1933 births
2020 deaths
Indian military people
Mountain climbers
Summerland, British Columbia

Summerland is a town in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is in the interior of British Columbia, on the west side of Okanagan Lake. The population of Summerland was 10,828 in 2006. The mayor of Summerland is Janice Perrino. It is known for its world renowned wineries. It is also home to the historic Kettle Valley Steam Railway. The town was originally known as Trout Creek and was renamed Summerland in 1902 when Sir Thomas Shaughnessy bought the Barclay Ranch. The nickname for Summerland is Town of Festivals. The sister city of Summerland is Toyokoro, Japan.
References
Other websites
Official website
Cities in British Columbia
Popol Vuh (disambiguation)

Popol Vuh (Quiche for "Council Book" or "Book of the Community"; Popol Wuj in modern spelling) is the book of scripture of the Quiche, a kingdom of the post classic Maya civilization in highland Guatemala.
Popol Vuh may also refer to:
Music
Popol Vuh (German band), a 1970s German cosmic music band
Popol Vuh (Norwegian band), a Norwegian progressive rock band that later changed its name to Popol Ace to avoid confusion
Governor of Michigan

The Governor of Michigan is the chief executive of the U.S. State of Michigan. The current Governor is Gretchen Whitmer, a member of the Democratic Party.
Gubernatorial elections and term of office
From the time the state was created until the election of 1966, governors were elected to two-year terms. Elections are held in November and the governor took office the next January. Until 1851, elections were held in odd-numbered years. A new state constitution was created in 1850 and took effect in 1851. Because of this, there was a single one-year term of governor in 1851. After this, elections were held on even years.
The constitution adopted in 1963 changed the governor's term to four years, starting in 1967. Since then, elections for governor have been two years before U.S. Presidential elections (for example, Presidential elections were in 2000 and 2004, elections for governor were in 1998 and 2002). The winner of the election takes office at noon on January 1 of the year after the election.
In 1992, a change to the Michigan constitution said that a person could only be governor for two terms. Before this, they were not limited as to how many terms they could serve. John Engler, the governor at the time, served three terms as his first term took place before the change was made. Engler was reelected in 1994 and 1998 before being term limited in 2002.
History of the office
Forty-eight people have been governor of the state. Before becoming a state, there were five governors of the Michigan Territory. Stevens T. Mason, Michigan's first governor, also served as a territorial governor. He was elected governor at age 23 as a member of the Democratic Party in 1835 and served until 1840. Mason was the youngest state governor in United States history.
Jennifer Granholm became the first female Governor of Michigan on January 1, 2003. She served for 8 years, until January 1, 2011.
List of governors
References
South Eastern and Chatham Railway

The South Eastern and Chatham Railway (SECR), was a working union of two neighbouring railways, the South Eastern Railway (SER) and London, Chatham and Dover Railway (LCDR), which operated between London and south east England. Between 1899 and 1923, the SECR had a monopoly of railway services in Kent and to the main Channel ports for ferries to France and Belgium. In 1923, the SECR became a part of the Southern Railway under the Railways Act 1921.
Pre-grouping British railway companies
Stephanie Charles

Stephanie Charles (born May 24, 1979) is an American actress. She is best known for playing Nyla Payne in Tyler Perry's The Paynes.
Career
In 2018, she played the role of Nyla Payne on the OWN sitcom, Tyler Perry's The Paynes. Her character is Nyla.
Filmography
Television
Other websites
1979 births
Living people
African-American television actors
Actors from New Jersey
People from New Brunswick, New Jersey
Teleostomi

Teleostomi is a grouping of fish in the Gnathostomata ('jawed fish'). It contains the extinct Acanthodii ('spiny sharks'), and the Osteichthyes ('bony fish'). Teleostomi have two adaptations which relate to their respiration: First, they had some kind of operculum (a set of bones which cover the gills). The also developed a primitive lung. As of 2020, there is no agreement, as to the level of the grouping. Some people see it as a clade, others say it is a crown group.
Fish
Milbridge, Maine

Milbridge is a town in Washington County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Colossus of Rhodes

The Colossus of Rhodes was a huge iron and bronze statue of the Greek god Helios built on the Greek island of Rhodes (approximate coordinates 36deg27'04"N, 28deg13'40"E) by Chares of Lindos (a student of Lysippos) between 294 and 282 BC.
It was one of the Seven Wonders of the Worldbefore being destroyed in an earthquake. The Colossus of Rhodes was 70 cubits tall, over 30 metres (100 feet), making it the tallest statue of the ancient world.
Construction
Chares of Lindos was commissioned to build the statue after the lifting of Demetrius I Poliorcetes' siege of Rhodes (305BC). It had a bronze core and was reinforced by iron. It stood 70 cubits (105 feet [32 metres]) high and stood beside Mandrakion harbour, perhaps shielding its eyes with one hand, as a representation in a relief suggests. It is technically impossible that the statue could have straddled the harbour entrance, and the popular belief that it did so dates only from the Middle Ages. Construction started in 294 BC and finished 12 years later.
Destruction
The statue was an intelligent "advertising" of the city that erected it, a tangible proof of its wealth and technology. Unfortunately, in 222 BC, about 60 years after its unveiling, the Colossus collapsed as its knees were wrecked by an earthquake. Falling wreckage is said to have demolished 30 homes.
Despite its terrible fall, the statue did not cease to belong to the great wonders of the ancient world. Even after a hundred years its destruction, Antipater of Sidon , a writer of Greco-Spanish origin, included the Colossus in his catalog of the seven wonders of the world.
In 654 AD, 900 years after the collapse of the Colossus, the Saracens plundered Rhodes and sold the metallic remains of the colossus. It is said that the buyer used 900 camels to transport the fragments to Syria . Thus the image of the god who once saved the city from the foreign invasion had a fate similar to that of the siege machines of Demetrius, which when sold financed the construction of the Colossus.
Notes
References
page 75
Further reading
Herbert Maryon, "The Colossus of Rhodes" The Journal of Hellenic Studies 76 (1956), pp. 68-86. A sculptor's speculations on the Colossus of Rhodes.
D. E. L. Haynes, "Philo of Byzantium and the Colossus of Rhodes" The Journal of Hellenic Studies 77.2 (1957), pp. 311-312. A response to Maryon.
M. H. Gabriel, BCH 16 (1932), pp 332-42.
Other websites
Rhodes Guide
http://ce.eng.usf.edu/pharos/wonders/colossus.html
Seven Wonders of the World
Ancient Greek bronze sculptures
Ancient Greek statues
Buildings and structures in Ancient Greece
3rd-century BC works
Halewood

Halewood is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley in Merseyside, England. It lies near the city of Liverpool's southeastern boundary. It is bordered by the suburbs of Netherley, Hunt's Cross and Woolton. Halewood was historically a part of Lancashire.
Population
At the 2001 Census, the population of the civil parish was 20,309. It was similar at the 2011 Census. The combined population of Halewood's four local government wards was 29,217.
Transport
Halewood railway station opened in 1988. An earlier station, a few hundred metres further east, closed in 1951.
Towns in Merseyside
Civil parishes in Merseyside
Joan Mitchell

Joan Mitchell (February 12, 1925 - October 30, 1992) was an American artist.
She is connected to the American abstract expressionist movement. She used not just oil paint on canvas but also pastel on paper, and lithographic printing.
Mitchell was born in Chicago, Illinois. She studied at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. When she graduated, she was given money to travel and work in France. From 1949 she lived in New York, where she was connected to the "New York School" of painters and poets. She started living in France in 1955. After 1959 she lived there for the rest of her life.
References
American artists
1925 births
1992 deaths
Dave Bronson

David Bronson (born June 26, 1958) is an American politician, pilot, and retired military officer. She was the mayor of Anchorage, Alaska since 2021.
References
1958 births
Living people
Mayors of Anchorage, Alaska
People from Superior, Wisconsin
Politicians from Wisconsin
Republican Party (United States) politicians
American aviators
Area code 850

Area code 850 is in use for the Florida Panhandle. Area Code was used for the entire part of Nothern Florida until it was split up in the mid-1990s. 850 was created effective March 23, 1998.
Cities served by the 850 area code
Pensacola
Fort Walton Beach
Panama City
Tallahassee
Area codes in the United States
X-Men: Apocalypse

X-Men: Apocalypse is a 2016 superhero action thriller epic fantasy movie. It is based on the fictional Marvel Comics group named X-Men.
The movie is the ninth installment of the X-Men Cinematic Universe, is the sequel of X-Men: Days of Future Past and is the third movie of the X-Men: Beginnings quadrilogy.
Cast
James McAvoy as Charles Xavier / Professor X
Michael Fassbender as Erik Lehnsherr / Magneto
Jennifer Lawrence as Raven Darkholme / Mystique
Oscar Isaac as En Sabah Nur / Apocalypse
Nicholas Hoult as Hank McCoy / Beast
Rose Byrne as Moira MacTaggert
Evan Peters as Peter Maximoff / Quicksilver
Tye Sheridan as Scott Summers / Cyclops
Sophie Turner as Jean Grey
Olivia Munn as Psylocke
Kodi-Smitt McPhee as Kurt Wagner / Nightcrawler
Lucas Till as Alex Summers / Havok
Lana Candor as Jubilee
Hugh Jackman as Logan Howlett / Wolverine (cameo)
2016 movies
X-Men movies
Apocalyptic movies
2010s superhero movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies composed by John Ottman
Movies directed by Bryan Singer
Movies produced by Lauren Shuler Donner
Movies produced by Simon Kinberg
Movies set in Egypt
Movies set in the 1980s
Screenplays by Simon Kinberg
Leone Frollo

Leone Frollo (9 April 1931 - 17 October 2018) was an Italian comic book artist. He was known for his work in Biancaneve. He was also known for his works in Lucifera and Yra. He was born in Venice.
Frollo died on 17 October 2018 at the age of 87.
References
1931 births
2018 deaths
Comics artists
People from Venice
Manda, Jammu

Manda is a village and an archaeological site in Jammu. Jammu is in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It was excavated by Archaeological Survey of India during 1976-77. The survey was done by J. P. Joshi. The site contains the ruins of an ancient Indus Valley Civilization.
Excavation
The excavation found 9.20 meters deep of ruins. These consists of items found in 3 different periods of time. The first period contain two sub periods. The second period has early historical pottery. They are from North India. These pottery are similar to the those discovered elsewhere in North India. The third period consists of antiquities from the Kushan period. There are also house walls and a 3 meters wide street found in the ruins. The site seems to have been deserted after that.
Historical significance
Manda is on the right river bank of Chenab River. The river is at the foot of Pir Panjal mountain range. Manda is 28 km northwest of Jammu. It was thought to be the northernmost limit of the Harappan Civilisation. It is also considered the northmost site of Indus Valley Civilisation.
Manda is likely a town that is set up by people of the Indus Valley Civilisation. They likely use it to do logging to get wood from Himalayan Sub mountains. They use the river near the town to send the wood to other towns of the Indus Valley Civilization.
Artefacts
There are several artefacts found in the site. They include redware from the Pre Harappan era. These redware are terracotta jar, plates, racks for plates and others. These made up of 15% to 25% of total artefacts found.
Important artefacts found are broken fragments of pots having the writing system of Harappan people craved into them. There is also one unfinished seal of the Harappan government found in the ruins.
Limitations of excavation
The dig is done on a small, restricted scale. There are no specific structures that could be exposed. One exception is a collapsed rubble wall-like structure.
Related pages
Indus Valley Civilization
List of Indus Valley Civilization sites
Bhagatrav
Alamgirpur
References
Other websites
Map of Indus Valley Civilisation sites
Villages in Jammu and Kashmir
Archaeological sites in India
Ruffieu

Ruffieu is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France.
References
Jollof rice

Jollof rice is an African rice that has a lot of spices.
Dishes
If you were at a party in Ghana or Nigeria it won't be long before you find it. You can serve Jollof rice with chicken stew, beef stew, tomato and carrot salad, fried plantains and spicy roasted goat.
Creation
Jalof rice was made in west Africa and now can be eaten everywhere around the country not just west Africa. Joloff rice derives its name from the Wolof people from Senegal.
Rice
Peggy Lipton

Margaret Ann "Peggy" Lipton (August 30, 1946 - May 11, 2019) was an American television actress. She played Julie Barnes in the series The Mod Squad in the late 1960s and early 1970s. She also played Norma Jennings in Twin Peaks. Some sources mention that she was born in 1946 while others say 1947. She was born in New York City. She was married to Quincy Jones from 1974 until they divorced in 1990. The couple had two daughters, actresses Kidada and Rashida Jones.
Lipton died of colon cancer on May 11, 2019 in Los Angeles, California. She was 72.
References
Other websites
1946 births
2019 deaths
Actors from New York City
American movie actors
American television actors
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Brucourt

Brucourt is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Calvados
Steve Reich

Stephen Michael "Steve" Reich (Born October 3, 1936) is an American composer of music in the style of minimalism. He is known for his music made with tape recordings, and instrumental music with a steady beat (such as Music for 18 Musicians).
He also wrote pieces that used what is called a phasing technique. With phasing technique, two parts might be playing the same part but at slightly different speeds. It is almost like a canon, or round. He wrote pieces like these for piano, violin, and, again, for tape recordings.
He also composed such pieces like In C and Different Trains, some of his most popular works. Others include, Drumming, City Life and The Cave.
The critic Kyle Gann has said Reich "may...be considered...America's greatest living composer."
On January 25, 2007, Reich was named the 2007 recipient of the Polar Music Prize, together with jazz saxophonist Sonny Rollins. On April 20, 2009, Reich was awarded the 2009 Pulitzer Prize for Music for his Double Sextet.
References
Other websites
(an example of phasing, using two pianos)
(a composition by Steve Reich for tape)
1936 births
Living people
American composers
Ørnulf Tofte

Ornulf Tofte (12 February 1922 - 26 August 2020) was a Norwegian police officer. He was an important person in the Norwegian intelligence service during the Cold War. He was born in Oslo.
He was Assistant Chief of Police and Head of counter-intelligence in the Police Surveillance Agency. Tofte found several illegal Soviet spies and personally arrested Asbjorn Sunde, Gunvor Galtung Haavik and Arne Treholt.
Tofte died on 26 August 2020 in Baerum, Norway at the age of 98.
References
1922 births
Police officers
2020 deaths
People from Oslo
Medical Lake, Washington

Medical Lake is a city in Spokane County, Washington. The population was 5,060 at the 2010 census. Medical Lake has a psychiatric hospital named Eastern State Hospital.
History
The city of Medical Lake was founded in 1890. The city is named after a nearby lake. The Spokane Native American tribe which lived in the area for a long time, thought the water from the lake could heal sickness and injuries. White settlers who moved to the area in the 1870s, sold salts from the lake as medicine.
References
Cities in Washington (state)
Spokane County, Washington
The Piper at the Gates of Dawn

The Piper at the Gates of Dawn is Pink Floyd's first album. Many people think it is one of the most influential albums in history. It had a very big influence on the psychedelic rock scene of the time, and also on the music that people made afterward. It is the only Pink Floyd album with Syd Barrett as the leader, although Barrett was on some of the next album, A Saucerful of Secrets.
The lyrics for Piper were mostly written by Syd Barrett, and are often whimsical, playful, or childlike. The album has songs about space, scarecrows, gnomes, bicycles and fairytales. Some parts of the album, like "Interstellar Overdrive", are instrumental and have no singing on them.
Special limited editions of Piper were released to mark its 30th anniversary in 1997, and its 40th anniversary in 2007.
Track listing
All songs written by Syd Barrett, except where noted.
British release
American release
40th Anniversary Edition
References
Pink Floyd albums
Debut albums
1967 albums
Rock albums
Ken Sedd

Kenneth Alan Seddington (26 October 1946 - 9 January 2021), better known as Ken Sedd, was an English character actor. He was best known for his comedic roles in the sketches on The Benny Hill Show from 1969 to 1984. Sedd was also a professional stuntman for Benny Hill.
Sedd died in Camberley, Surrey on 9 January 2021 at the age of 76.
References
Other websites
Aveleyman: Ken Sedd
1946 births
2021 deaths
English television actors
English comedians
Actors from Middlesex
Stuntmen
Nikolai Fadeyechev

Nikolai Borisovich Fadeyechev (, 27 January 1933 - 23 June 2020) was a Soviet and Russian ballet dancer and educator. He was honored with the People's Artist of the USSR in 1976. Fadeyechev was born in Moscow. He retired from ballet dancing in 1977 and later became a ballet educator.
He was known for his works with the Bolshoi Theatre. He danced alongside some of the company's great ballerinas, including Galina Ulanova in Giselle and Les Sylphides, and was a regular partner with Maya Plisetskaya, Raisa Struchkova, Nina Timofeeva, Marina Kondratyeva, Natalia Bessmertnova, Ekaterina Maximova and Ludmila Semenyaka.
Fadeyechev died of heart failure on 23 June 2020 in Moscow, aged 87.
References
Other websites
Fadeyechev's page on the Bolshoi Theatre web site
1933 births
2020 deaths
Ballet dancers
Russian educators
Entertainers from Moscow
Runaway (The Corrs song)

"Runaway" is a 1995 debut song by Irish band The Corrs. It was released in September 1995 had middling chart success except in Ireland and Australia and was taken from their debut album Forgiven, Not Forgotten.
Track listings
References
1995 songs
1990s ballads
Debut singles
Pop ballads
The Corrs songs
2018 Summer Youth Olympics

The 2018 Summer Youth Olympic Games, officially known as the III Olympic Youth Summer Games, is an international summer sports event. It was held from 6 to 18 October 2018. The host city is Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Olympics
October 2018 events
Summer Youth Olympic Games
Sport in Argentina
2010s in Argentina
2018 in South America
Tongbram

Tongbram is a Meetei family. It is native to Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur). People of this family mainly inhabit in Manipur, India.
References
Meitei surnames
Yuma County, Colorado

Yuma County is a county in the state of Colorado in the United States. As of the 2020 census, 9,988 people lived there. The county seat is Wray.
References
Colorado counties
Crystal Palace (Madrid)

The Palacio de Cristal or Crystal Palace is a large glass building in Madrid, Spain. It is located in the Retiro Park on the Paseo Duque de Fernan Nunez. The palace was built in 1887 to keep exotic plants from the Philippines. It is made of glass and steel. Later in 1924 plastic and rubber were added to it.
Buildings and structures in Madrid
1887 establishments in Europe
19th-century establishments in Spain
Iodine heptafluoride

Iodine heptafluoride is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is IF7. It contains iodine and fluoride ions. The iodine is in its +7 oxidation state.
Properties
It is a colorless gas with a moldy, stinky odor. Its melting point is at , and its boiling point is at . This means that it has a very narrow liquid range. It is a powerful oxidizing agent. It is very irritating to the skin. It is an interhalogen.
Preparation
It is made by reacting iodine pentafluoride with fluorine gas.
Related pages
Iodine trifluoride
Iodine pentoxide
Periodate
Iodine compounds
Fluorine compounds
Pendleton County, Kentucky

Pendleton County is a county in Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 14,877. Its county seat is Falmouth. It was formed on December 13, 1798.
References
Kentucky counties
1798 establishments in Kentucky
88 (number)

Eighty-eight is a number. It comes between eighty-seven and eighty-nine, and is an even number. It is divisible by 1, 2, 4, 8, 11, 22, 44, and 88.
Integers
Chicken

Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) is a term which refers to a species of poultry. It is raised in many places for its meat and eggs. They are usually kept by humans as livestock. Some breeds of chickens can fly for a short distance. Some sleep in trees (if there are trees around).
A male chicken is called a rooster or a cock(erel). Roosters do not have penises. A female chicken is called a hen; a young chicken is called a chick. Like other female birds, hens lay eggs. The eggs hatch into chicks.
When raising chickens, a farmer needs a chicken coop (like a little house) for the chickens to roost (sleep) in. They also need a run or yard where they can exercise, take dust baths, eat and drink. The chickens also need to be protected from predators such as foxes. Fences are often used for this.
Chickens can also be farmed intensively. This lets farms make a lot of chicken meat and eggs.
Eggs
Chickens are well known for their eggs. Many people eat them for their breakfast. The eggs can be prepared in many different ways.
Meat
Because of their low cost, chicken meat (also called "chicken") is one of the most used kinds of meat in the world. Americans eat 8 billion chickens every year. Some popular dishes with chicken are: Buffalo wings, butter chicken, chicken rice, chicken balls, chicken pot pie, chicken soup, fried chicken (see picture), roasted chicken and tandoori chicken.
Cuts
There are different cuts of chicken. Chicken meat can also be bought whole. The leanest part is known as the breast. Sliced pieces of the breast are known as the tender(loin). There are also wings, thighs, and legs (also known as drumsticks).
Chicken and chickenpox
Chickenpox has nothing to do with chickens. When chickenpox was first described, people thought that the pox spots looked like chickpeas placed upon the skin. The Latin word for chickpeas is grana. That is the original word that chickenpox got its name from.
Gaming
In some parts of the world people breed chickens to fight. They bet money on which of two birds will win. In many places this is illegal.
References
Other websites
Domesticated animals
Kali Puja

Kali Puja is also known as Shyama Puja or Mahanisha Puja. It is a festival celebrated in the honour of Hindu goddess Kali. It is celebrated on the new moon day of the Hindu month Kartik. It is mostly celebrated in West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, Assam, Tripura and Bangladesh. It happens at the same time with the pan-Indian Lakshmi Puja day of Diwali. In this day Bengalis, Odias, Assamese and Maithils worship goddess Kali and the rest of India worships goddess Lakshmi on Diwali. Mahanisha puja is done by the Maithili people of Mithila region in India and Nepal.
References
Hindu festivals
Festivals in India
Komi language

The Komi language (, komi kyv), also known as Zyryan, Zyrian or Komi-Zyryan (Komi: komi-zyrian kyv, komi-zyrjan kyv), is one of the two types of the Komi language. The other type is Permyak.
Speakers
Komi is spoken by the Komi peoples native to the Komi Republic and other parts of Russia such as Nenetsia and Yamalia. There were 285,000 speakers in 1994. This went down to 160,000 in 2010.
Writings
It was written in the Old Permic alphabet (Komi: , Anbur, Anbur) in the 14th century. The Cyrillic script was introduced by Russian missionaries in the 17th century. This script replaced the Old Permic script.
References
Bibliography
Abondolo, Daniel (2015). The Uralic Languages. Routledge
R. M. Batalova. 1993. Komi(-Zyryanskij) Jazyk. In V. N. Jartseva (ed.), Jazyki Mira: Ural'skie Jazyki, 214-229. Moskva: Nauka.
Fed'un'ova, G.V. Onija komi kyv ('The Modern Komi Language'). Morfologia/Das'toma filologijasa kandidat G.V.Fed'un'ova kipod ulyn. Syktyvkar: Komi n'ebog ledzanin, 2000. 544 pp. .
Other websites
Books in Komi-Zyrian from Finno-Ugric Electronic Library (by the Finno-Ugric Information Center in Syktyvkar, Komi Republic (interface in Russian and English, texts in Mari, Komi, Udmurt, Erzya and Moksha languages))
Komi-Russian & Russian-Komi Online Dictionaries
Tarabukin I.I. Komi-Russian Phraseological Dictionary.
Komi Grammar. (in Russian)
Komi-language courses
Komi
Languages of Russia
Komi Republic
Pahlavi Iran

Pahlavi Iran or the Pahlavi Empire was a sovereign state until 1979 revolution. It was a monarchy, ruled by the Pahlavi Dynasty. It is the last dynasty of Iran.
1979 disestablishments in Asia
History of Iran
Aswan International Airport

Aswan International Airport , also known as Daraw Airport, is a domestic airport located southwest of Aswan, Egypt. It was built in 1956 and upgraded in 1992 and 1999 by the Egyptian government.
Destinations
Despite its name, it mainly offers flights to Cairo. There are also flights to Abu Simbel, a tourist destination farther south.
Accidents and incidents
In October 1963, a Soviet Union military transport plane crashed at the airport, killing 14 people.
20 March 1969, a United Arab Airlines Il-18 crashed while attempting to land at Aswan International Airport. 100 of the 105 passengers and crew on board died.
References
Coordinates on Wikidata
Buildings and structures in Egypt
Expedition

An expedition usually means a long journey or voyage done for a specific purpose, often exploratory, scientific, geographic, military or political in nature.
Some famous expeditions
The Burke and Wills expedition in 1860--61 to cross Australia from south to north.
The Central Australian Expedition of 1844 led by Charles Sturt to find an Australian inland sea.
The Lewis and Clark Expedition in 1804--06 to explore Louisiana.
The Overland Expedition in 1897--98 to rescue whale ships trapped in ice.
The Terra Nova Expedition to the South Pole in 1910--13 led by Robert Falcon Scott.
Exploration
Ujjain district

Ujjain district is a district in the state of Madhya Pradesh in central India. The historic city of Ujjain is the district headquarters. According to the 2011 census, it has a population of 1,986,864 people.
References
Other websites
Ujjain District website
Districts of Madhya Pradesh
The Night of Counting the Years

The Night of Counting the Years, also released in Arabic as The Mummy, (Arabic: Al-Mummia lmwmy) is a 1969 Egyptian drama movie directed by Shadi Abdel Salam and starring Nadia Lutfi, Ahmad Hegazi, Ahmed Marei, Shafik Nour El Din.
Other websites
1969 drama movies
Egyptian movies
Carnival of Souls

Carnival of Souls is a 1962 American independent horror movie. It was written, produced, and directed by Herk Harvey, and starring Candace Hilligoss. The story is about Mary Henry, a young woman who had a car accident. She moves to a new city, but she can't fit in. She becomes curious about the pavilion of an abandoned carnival. The director Harvey is also in the movie as a creepy stranger who follows her a lot.
It was filmed in Lawrence, Kansas and Salt Lake City. Carnival of Souls was filmed on a budget of $33,000. Since the 1980s, the film has been noted by critics and film scholars for its cinematography and foreboding atmosphere.
Release
Carnival of Souls was shown at the Main Street Theatre in Lawrence, Kansas, in September 1962. The US release of Carnival of Souls did not include a copyright on the prints, so the movie was automatically in the public domain.
Reception
Complex Magazine said Carnival of Souls was number 39 on its list of the 50 scariest movies ever made.
Leonard Maltin gave Carnival of Souls two-and-a-half out of four stars. He said the movie was an "eerie", and "imaginative low budget effort."
References
Other websites
Watch the movie
American horror movies
American independent movies
Movies set in amusement parks
Movies set in Utah
Agdash District

Agdash District () is a raion in central Azerbaijan. Agdash District has Leki settlement and 72 villages. This raion has a good economic and geographic location. Turyan River and Kura River go through the raion. This area is surrounded by Tugay forests along Kura river bank, and Turyanchay State Preservation to the north.
Agdash city was started in 16th century. It is the capital.
Districts of Azerbaijan
Aran Economic Region
Caddo Parish, Louisiana

Caddo is one of the sixty-four parishes in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The parish seat and most populous municipality is Shreveport. As of the 2020 count, 237,848 people lived there. It is the largest parish in the North Louisiana region and the fourth-largest in the state.
References
1838 establishments in the United States
1830s establishments in Louisiana
Hamel, Illinois

Hamel is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Villages in Illinois
Gandia

Gandia (; ) is a city in the Valencian Community, eastern Spain on the Mediterranean. Gandia is located on the Costa del Azahar, south of Valencia and north of Alicante.
Notes
Other websites
Town hall of Gandia
Official Tourism of Gandia
Gandia Information
Cities in the Valencian Community
Municipalities in the Valencian Community
Mather Tower

Mather Tower (later Lincoln Tower) is a Neo-Gothic, terra cotta-clad high-rise structure in Chicago, Illinois, USA. It is located at 75 East Wacker Drive in the downtown "loop" area, adjacent to the Chicago River.
Other websites
Page at ChicagoArchitecture.info
Chicago Landmarks: Mather Tower
Emporis listing
Skyscrapers in Chicago
NASCAR on NBC

NASCAR on NBC, also known as NBC NASCAR, is the brand of NASCAR coverage on NBCuniversal networks, NBC, NBCSN, USA Network and CNBC (for 2016 only), The networks aired the final 20 races of the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, final 19 races of the Xfinity Series, NBC had covered the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series and Xfinity Series from 2001 to 2006, with NBC airing the Ford EcoBoost 400 at Homestead in 1999.
References
1999 American television series debuts
2006 American television series endings
2015 American television series debuts
1960s American television series
1970s American television series
1980s American television series
1990s American television series
2000s American television series
2010s American television series
Sports television series
NBC network shows
NASCAR
Jacques Calonne

Jacques Calonne (10 August 1930 - 7 February 2022) was a Belgian artist, composer, singer, actor, logogramist, and writer. He was born in Mons, Belgium. In 1995 he played the role of the Representative of the Ministry of Culture in the 1996 movie Camping Cosmos.
Calonne died on 7 February 2022 at his home in Brussels, Belgium at the age of 91.
References
1930 births
2022 deaths
Belgian artists
Belgian composers
Belgian singers
Belgian movie actors
Belgian novelists
Beautiful (song)

Beautiful is a song from Christina Aguilera's fourth album Stripped. It was written by Linda Perry.
Aguilera sings about how people should not be ashamed to show pride in their differences.
It was released late in 2002. It was the second single from Stripped.
"Beautiful" won a Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance.
In 2004, the character Damian sang the song at the school's talent show in Mean Girls.
Other websites
Music video for "Beautiful"
2002 songs
Christina Aguilera songs
Mike Schatz

Mike Schatz is an American voice actor. He is best known for voicing Emory on the Adult Swim program Aqua Teen Hunger Force and the movie Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Film movie for Theaters. He also voiced Torpedo Vegas on Frisky Dingo and he played a guy in court on an episode of Squidbillies.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Aqua Teen Hunger Force
American voice actors
Lauren Bacall

Lauren Bacall (, born Betty Joan Perske; September 16, 1924 - August 12, 2014) was an American actress and model. She was well known for her deep voice. She started acting in the 1940s. She acted until 2014. She had big roles in movies like The Big Sleep and Dark Passage.
Bacall was the fourth wife of actor Humphrey Bogart. They were married until Bogart died in 1957. They had a son, Stephen (born 1949), and a daughter, Leslie (born 1952). Bacall married Jason Robards in 1961. They had one son, Sam (born 1961). They divorced in 1969. Bacall was once briefly engaged to singer Frank Sinatra.
Bacall's cousin was Shimon Peres, the former Prime Minister and President of Israel. Their fathers were brothers.
On August 12, 2014, Bacall died in New York City from a stroke, aged 89.
References
Other websites
Interview with Larry King on CNN
Article about the "origin" of the "Rat Pack" taken mainly from her book "Lauren Bacall, By Myself", (New York: Knopf, 1978)
Lauren Bacall Official website - at LaurenBacall.com
1924 births
2014 deaths
Actors from the Bronx
American movie actors
American radio actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Deaths from stroke
Democrats (United States)
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Jewish American actors
Jewish models
Models from the Bronx
Tony Award winning actors
Sun Weiben

Sun Weiben (; 19 November 1928 - 18 December 2020) was a Chinese politician. He was Communist Party Secretary of Heilongjiang from 1985 to 1994 and Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Heilongjiang People's Congress from 1988 to 1998.
He was a member of the 12th, 13th and 14th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a delegate to the 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th and 11th National People's Congress.
Sun died on 18 December 2020, almost one month after his 92nd birthday.
References
1928 births
2020 deaths
Chinese politicians
Make America Great Again

"Make America Great Again" (MAGA) is a campaign slogan used by American politicians. It was first used by Ronald Reagan during his 1980 presidential campaign.
The term was created in 1979 during a time in which the United States was suffering from a worsening economy at home marked by high unemployment and inflation. Usually when the term is used, people use it as a reflection to the Presidency of Ronald Reagan.
Since Reagan left office, the slogan has been used by a variety of politicians. More recently, the slogan has been associated with Donald Trump who trademarked the slogan and used it in his own presidential campaign in 2016.
References
Other websites
Rawstory.com
Donald J. Trump for President
Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention
Political slogans
Ronald Reagan
Donald Trump
Chile national rugby union team

The Chilean national rugby union team (Spanish: Seleccion de rugby de Chile) is a third tier rugby union from Chile. They have qualified for the 2023 Rugby World Cup for the first time. They are ranked 22nd position the highest in their history in the Rugby World Rankings as of July 2022.
National rugby union teams
National sports teams of Chile
Death at Broadcasting House

Death at Broadcasting House is a 1934 British mystery movie directed by Reginald Denham and was based on the novel of the same name. It stars Ian Hunter, Austin Trevor, Lilian Oldland, Henry Kendall, Val Gielgud, Peter Haddon, Betty Ann Davies, Jack Hawkins.
Other websites
1934 movies
1930s mystery movies
British mystery movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Reginald Denham
Bomber

A bomber is a type of airplane that is used to attack ground targets, mainly by dropping bombs. The first bombers were made at the start of World War I.
Bombers often fly low to the ground to confuse enemy radar. Most cannot fly very fast. Because of this, bombers are not outfitted to fight other airplanes. To make up for this, bombers in the past had many machine guns for defense.
World War II
Dive bombers were numerous in World War II. They attacked surface targets including tanks and ships.
Strategic bombing became important. Bombers had large crews, sometimes as many as 12 people. Usually a bomber had a pilot, a bombadier, a co-pilot/navigator, and many machine gunners all around to shoot at enemy fighter aircraft defending the target. Friendly fighters often came along to help fight the defenders.
Modern day
Bombers now have one or two people in them. The other positions have been replaced by computers. Bombers have very few guns on them partly because they are much faster. In bombing missions now, the pilot drops a bomb and leaves as quickly as possible. During the Cold War, a few bombers were made that could travel supersonic, so a nuclear bomb could be dropped without killing the people in the airplane. They were never used that way, however.
Other websites
WW2-era Bombers
Bomber aircraft -Citizendium
Stranded Pakistanis

Stranded Pakistanis, also known as Biharis, describes the people mainly of the Biharis ethnic group currently residing in Bangladesh who immigrated to East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) with the hopes of joining Pakistan but after the East Pakistan seceded and became Bangladesh were unable to re-immigrate (due to the large distances) in 1971 and continue to claim Pakistani citizenship.
History of Pakistan
Bangladesh
Molly Geertsema

Willem Jacob "Molly" Geertsema (18 October 1918 - 27 June 1991) was a Dutch civil servant and politician. He was a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD).
Geertsema was a member of the House of Representatives (parliamentary leader) and the Senate. He was also a deputy prime minister, government minister, political leader, councillor (Leiden and The Hague), mayor (Warffum and Wassenaar) and Queen's Commissioner of Gelderland.
Geertsema, who belonged to the Remonstrants, studied law at Leiden University and was also a lobbyist and LGBT rights activist.
He was born in Utrecht and died in Wassenaar at the age of 72.
References
Biography, Parlement.com
Biography, Biografisch Woordenboek Gelderland
Biography, Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland: 1880-2000
Biography, Documentatiecentrum Nederlandse Politieke Partijen
1918 births
1991 deaths
Deputy Prime Ministers of the Netherlands
Dutch activists
Dutch civil servants
Dutch councillors
Dutch lobbyists
Dutch mayors
Dutch provincial politicians
Leaders of political parties in the Netherlands
Members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Members of the Senate of the Netherlands
Government ministers of the Netherlands
LGBT rights activists
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy politicians
Politicians from Utrecht (city)
Remonstrants
Om Birla

Om Birla (born 23 November 1962) is an Indian politician. He is the 17th and current Speaker of the Lok Sabha since 2019. He has been a Member of Parliament for the Kota-Bundi constituency in Rajasthan since 2014. He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.
References
1962 births
Living people
Speakers of the Lok Sabha
Rajasthani politicians
Gahanna, Ohio

Gahanna is a city in Franklin County, Ohio, United States. It is a suburb of Columbus. 33,248 people lived there in the 2010 census.
Cities in Ohio
Anneliese Schuh-Proxauf

Anneliese Schuh-Proxauf (10 March 1922 - 17 November 2020) was an Austrian alpine skier and tennis player. She competed in the 1948 Winter Olympics.
Schuh-Proxauf was born and died in Innsbruck at the age of 98.
References
1922 births
2020 deaths
Austrian Olympians
People from Innsbruck
Austrian skiers
Female tennis players
Akutan Zero

The Akutan Zero, also known as Koga's Zero and the Aleutian Zero, was a type 0 model 21 Mitsubishi A6M Zero Japanese fighter plane. This type of airplane was the Imperial Japanese Navy's most common fighter plane during World War 2. It crashed on Akutan Island, Alaska Territory, during June 1942. It was the first flyable Zero that the United States got during the war. The Americans fixed the plane and test pilots flew it to find out how it worked. American tacticians were able to find ways to defeat the Zero.
Tadayoshi Koga was the pilot. He was a 19-year-old flight petty officer first class. He launched from the Japanese aircraft carrier Ryujo as part of a June 4 1942 raid on Dutch Harbor, Alaska. Small gun fire cut the oil line in the plane. Without oil, the plane crashed and killed the pilot. The plane did not break apart in the crash. The pilots of other Zero planes flying with Koga thought that he might be alive. Because of this, they did not try to destroy his plane. The Americans got the plane in July.
The Akutan Zero was very important to the American war effort. Some said it may have been "one of the greatest prizes of the Pacific war". Japanese historian Masatake Okumiya thought that losing the Akutan Zero to the Americans was similar to Japan losing the Battle of Midway. He said it made Japan lose the war sooner. On the other hand, John Lundstrom is among those who do not agree with "the contention that it took dissection of Koga's Zero to create tactics that beat the fabled airplane".
The Akutan Zero was destroyed in a training accident in 1945. Parts of the plane are kept in several museums in the United States.
References
Further reading
Okumiya, Masatake, Jiro Horikoshi, and Martin Caidin. Zero! New York: E.P. Dutton & Co., 1956.
Rearden, Jim. "Koga's Zero--An Enemy Plane That Saved American Lives" . Invention and Technology Magazine. Volume 13, Issue 2, Fall 1997. Retrieved on 2008-12-09.
Other websites
Bill Thies's website
Zeros over China, 1941-1942. Ben Schapiro. The Warbird's Forum, May 2008--An article describing the capture and repair of Gerhard Neumann's Zero in China in 1941.
War Prize: The Capture Of The First Japanese Zero Fighter In 1941. j-aircraft.com, December 3, 1999. A second article describing the capture and repair of Gerhard Neumann's Zero.
Article on Yoshimitsu Maeda's crashed Zero
Individual aircraft
World War II Japanese aircraft
830s

The 830s was a decade that started on 1 January 830 and ended on 31 December 839.
Births
831
Wang Chucun, general of the Tang Dynasty
Seoul Subway Line 3

Seoul Metropolitan Subway Line 3 of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway is a rapid transit train. It connects Eunpyeong District to Gangnam and southeastern Seoul. Most trains on this line go further northwest to Goyang along the Ilsan Line. In 2019, 330 million or about 900,000 passengers per day rode the train along the Seoul Metro section.
In December 2010 the line had the second highest WiFi data use in the Seoul Metropolitan area. It averaged 1.8 times more data use than the other 14 subway lines that have WiFi service.
History
Construction began in 1980. The first section of Line 3 opened (Gupabal-Yangjae; Jichuk opened in 1990) after work was finished in two stages during 1985. In October 1993, a second extension to the south was opened (Yangjae-Suseo).
In March 1996, the Korail Ilsan Line opened. This lets Line 3 trains go all the way to the city of Goyang. There are 2 depots near Jichuk station and Suseo station for both Korail and Seoul Metro.
A 3 km extension opened on February 18, 2010. It goes from Suseo to Garak Market (Line 8) and Ogeum (Line 5).
On December 27, 2014, Wonheung station opened between Wondang and Samsong stations.
Stations
Rolling stock
Current
Seoul Metro 3000 series
Chopper-controlled from GEC electric car - since 1989
Chopper-controlled from GEC electric car (rebuilt cars) - since 2010
VVVF inverter-controlled electric car
First generation - since 2009
Second generation - since 2022
Korail Class 3000
First generation - since 1995
Second generation - since 2022
Not yet in service.
Related pages
Seoul Metropolitan Subway
References
Other websites
Seoul Metropolitan Government's Line 3 extension page includes a route map and status information for the extension from Suseo to Garak Market.
UrbanRail.Net's Seoul Subway Page
Map, station and route finder
1985 establishments in Asia
Buildings and structures in Seoul
Moda Domani Institute

Moda Domani Institute was a French higher studies establishment. The school was in Paris, France. It started in 2014. Moda Domani Institute was specialist in the fields of luxury, fashion and design.
The school closes in September 2020, replaced by ISG Luxury Management.
References
Other websites
Official
Education in France
Cabinet of Pakistan

The Cabinet of Pakistan is headed by the Prime Minister. It plays an important role in the Government of Pakistan.
Government of Pakistan
Monty Norman

Monty Norman (born Monty Noserovitch; 4 April 1928 - 11 July 2022) was an English movie composer and singer. He was best known for composing the "James Bond Theme".
Norman died on 11 July 2022 in Chicago, Illinois at the age of 94.
References
1928 births
2022 deaths
English composers
Musicians from London
Singers from London
English guitarists
Conductors