pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Bobby Mitchell

Robert Cornelius Mitchell (June 6, 1935 - April 5, 2020) was an American professional football player. He played as a halfback and flanker in the National Football League (NFL) for the Cleveland Browns (1958-1961) and the Washington Redskins (1962-1968). He was added into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1983. He also served as an executive for the Redskins from 1969 to 2002. He was born in Hot Springs, Arkansas.
Mitchell lived in Washington, D.C. during his later years. He died on April 5, 2020, at the age of 84.
References
Other websites
Bobby Mitchell at Pro-Football-Reference.com
1935 births
2020 deaths
African American players of American football
American football running backs
American football wide receivers
Cleveland Browns players
Sportspeople from Arkansas
Washington Redskins players
People from Hot Springs, Arkansas
Infrared telescope

An infrared telescope is a telescope that detects infrared radiation (heat energy). All objects in the universe that have a temperature above absolute zero give off some form of electromagnetic radiation. Infrared light is one of several types of radiation present in the electromagnetic spectrum.
Astronomers use several different types of telescopes to detect different types of emitted radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum. Some of these are gamma ray, x-ray, ultra-violet, regular visible light (optical), as well as infrared telescopes.
Ground-based infrared telescopes are affected by Earth's atmosphere. They work best in the shorter part of the infrared, a micrometer or two. Putting an infrared telescope in outer space or above the clouds (water vapor) is big help, especially for longer wavelengths (several micrometers) which cooler objects emit. Examples would be asteroids and interstellar clouds.
References
Telescopes
Infrared
Champdor-Corcelles

Champdor-Corcelles is a commune in the Ain department of eastern France. It was established on 1 January 2016. It is made of the former communes of Champdor and Corcelles.
Related pages
Communes of the Ain department
References
2016 establishments in France
Aimee Garcia

Aimee Garcia (born November 28, 1978) is an American actress, known for her roles as Veronica Palmero on the sitcom George Lopez and Jamie Batista on the Showtime drama Dexter.
Other websites
Aimee Garcia interview
1978 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Chicago
Inca road system

The Inca road system (El Camino Inca) of Peru was the most extensive among the many roads and trails that were constructed in pre-Columbian South America.
It went across the Andes mountains and reached heights of over 5,000 m (16,500 feet) above sea level. The Inca road system covered approximately 22,500 kilometres (14,000 mi) and provided access to over three million km2 of territory.
Because the Incas did not make use of the wheel for transportation, and did not have horses until the arrival of the Spanish in Peru in the 16th century, the trails were used almost exclusively by people walking, sometimes accompanied by pack animals, usually the llama.
The trails were used by the Inca people as a means of relaying messages, carried via knotted-cord quipu and by memory; and for transporting goods. Messages could be carried by runners covering as much as 240 km (150 mi) per day, working in relay fashion much like the Pony Express of the 1860s in North America.
There were approximately 2,000 inns, or tambos, placed at even intervals along the trails. The inns provided food, shelter and military supplies to the tens of thousands who traveled the roads.
Main routes
The most important Inca road was the Camino Real, as it is known in Spanish, with a length of 5,200 km (3,230 mi). It began in Quito, Ecuador, passed through Cusco, and ended in what is now Tucuman, Argentina. The Camino Real went across the mountain ranges of the Andes, with peak altitudes of more than 5,000 m. El Camino de la Costa, the coastal trail, with a length of 4,000 km (2,420 mi), ran parallel to the sea and was linked with the Camino Real by many smaller routes.
Inca trail to Machu Picchu
By far the most popular of the Inca trails for trekking is the Capaq Nan trail, which leads from the village of Ollantaytambo to Machu Picchu, the so-called "Lost City of the Incas". There are many well-preserved ruins along the way, and hundreds of thousands of tourists from around the world make the three- or four-day trek each year, accompanied by guides.
The Inca Trail to Machu Picchu is actually three routes, which all meet up near Inti-Pata, the 'Sun Gate' and entrance to Machu Picchu. The three trails are known as the Mollepata, Classic and One Day trails, with Mollepata being the longest of the three. Passing through the Andes mountain range and sections of the Amazon rainforest, the Trail passes several well-preserved Inca ruins and settlements before ending at the Sun Gate on Machu Picchu mountain. The two longer routes require an ascent to beyond 12,000 ft (3,660 m) above sea level, which can result in altitude sickness.
Further reading
Inca: Lords of Gold and Glory. Virginia: Time-Life Books, 1992.
Andean World: Indigenous History: Culture and Consciousness by Kenneth Adrien.
Other websites
Inca trail map
Inca trail tour
Interactive Map Interactive Map
Inca Trail to Machu Picchu Interactive Map
Inca Trail to Machu Picchu Information
Inca_civilization
Rod Laver

Rodney George "Rod" Laver MBE (born 9 August 1938, in Rockhampton, Australia) is a former tennis player from Australia and a former world #1 in ATP tennis rankings.
References
Notes
1938 births
Australian tennis players
Australian Open champions
French Open champions
Living people
Sportspeople from Queensland
US Open (tennis) champions
Wimbledon champions
World No. 1 tennis players
Erwin Helfer

Erwin Helfer (born January 21, 1936 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American boogie-woogie, blues and jazz pianist.
Life
Erwin Helfer was born in Chicago and grew up there. In his younger life he was more interested in classical music than in blues. But grewing up in the 50s he got contact to blues anyway. He studied music at Tulane University in New Orleans, completing college with a degree in music. In New Orleans he studied also the local music style of the city.
He started his professional career with Estelle Yancey, who asked him to play with him. This was the beginning of a life long friendship.He was also mentored and influenced by Cripple Clarence Lofton, Speckled Red, and Sunnyland Slim. In the 1960s and 1970s he played with Jimmy Walker. In 1982 he started his own record label, Read Bean. There he released albums of Estelle Yancey, Blind John Davis, Johnny "Big Moose" Walker and other Chicago blues artists. He was nominated for Blues Music Awards in 2003, for 'Comeback Blues Album of the Year', for his CD I'm Not Hungry But I Like To Eat - Blues. He still plays at different blues- and jazzfestivals all over the world.(Chicago Jazz Festival, 2005-2007; Hungary's Debrecen Jazz Festival, 2005, the Chicago Blues Festival, in June 2010, and all the years in Chicago's blues clubs.)
Discography
own albums
1974 Blues, Boogie Woogie Piano Duets & Solos Flying Fish
1976 Boogie Piano Chicago Style Big Bear
1979 On the Sunny Side of the Street Flying Fish
1987 Chicago Piano Red Beans
2001 I'm Not Hungry but I Like to Eat - Blues Sirens
2003 St. James Infirmary (mit Skinny Williams) Sirens
2005 Careless Love The Sirens Records
as sideman
Mama Estella Yancey Maybe I'll Cry (1983)
Howard & the White Boys Strung Out on the Blues (1995)
8 Hands on 88 Keys: Chicago Blues Piano Masters (2002)
Heavy Timbre: Chicago Boogie Piano (2002)
Barrelhouse Chuck Prescription for the Blues (2002)
Ella Jenkins Sharing Cultures with Ella Jenkins (2003)
Barrelhouse Chuck Chicago Blues Piano, Vol. 2 (2007)
Andrew Calhoun Bound to Go (2008)
References
Blues pianists
American jazz pianists
1936 births
Boogie Woogie pianists
Chicago blues musicians
Musicians from Chicago
Living people
Ávila, Spain

Avila is a town in Castile and Leon. It is the capital of the Province of Avila. 58,245 live here as of 2010.
References
Towns in Spain
Capital cities in Spain
Municipalities in Castile and Leon
Kingdom of Breifne

The Kingdom of Breifne or Breifne was a medieval overkingdom in Gaelic Ireland. It comprised what is now County Leitrim, County Cavan and parts of neighbouring counties, and corresponds roughly to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Kilmore.
Former monarchies of Europe
History of Ireland
History of Northern Ireland
Bad Häring

Bad Haring is a municipality of the district of Kufstein in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Tyrol (state)
Spa towns
Morohashi Museum of Modern Art

is a art museum at Urabandai near Goshikinuma in Fukushima Prefecture.
The museum has modern art, including works by
Paul Cezanne
Salvador Dali
Henri Matisse
Pablo Picasso
Pierre-Auguste Renoir
History
The museum was created in 1999 from the collection of Teizo Morohashi (1932-2003), who was the founder of Xebio Co. Ltd.
References
Other websites
Morohashi Museum of Modern Art website ;
Art museums in Japan
Fukushima Prefecture
Error (band)

Error (commonly stylised as ERROR) is a Hong Kong Cantopop boy band formed through ViuTV's reality talent show Good Night Show - King Maker in 2018. The group consists of 4 members: Leung Yip, Dee Ho, Denis Kwok, and Poki Ng. The group debuted on 2 December 2018 with the single "404".
References
Boy bands
Man in the Mirror

"Man in the Mirror" is a song by Michael Jackson. It was written by Siedah Garrett
and Glen Ballard. It was released as the fourth single from Jackson's seventh album, Bad. It was nominated for Record of the Year at the Grammy Awards. It reached number one in the Billboard Hot 100.
In 2009 Michael Jackson died and the song entered the charts again. It reached number two in the UK Singles Chart. This was much higher than when the song was first released in 1988.
1988 songs
Michael Jackson songs
Yossi Benayoun

Yossi Benayoun (; born 5 May 1980) is an Israeli football player. He currently plays for Chelsea in the Premier League. Benayoun plays as an attacking midfielder, and he is the captain of the Israeli national team.
References
1980 births
Living people
Israeli footballers
Jewish Israeli sportspeople
Chadwick Boseman

Chadwick Aaron Boseman (November 29, 1976August 28, 2020) was an American actor, playwright, and film producer. He was known for his roles as Jackie Robinson in 42 (2013), James Brown in Get on Up (2014), Thurgood Marshall in Marshall (2017) and as Black Panther in the Marvel Cinematic Universe movies, including Black Panther (2018). He also starred and produced the 2019 thriller movie 21 Bridges.
In 2021, Boseman posthumously won a Golden Globe Award and Screen Actors Guild Award for his role as Levee Green in Ma Rainey's Black Bottom. He is also nominated posthumously for an Academy Award for Best Actor.
Chadwick died at his home in Los Angeles from colon cancer on August 28, 2020 at the age of 43.He had been battling the disease since 2016, even though the film studios did not know.
References
1976 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
American movie producers
Actors from South Carolina
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Hummus

Hummus or houmous full Arabic name: hummus bi-t-tahina , meaning 'chickpeas with tahini' is a food dip or spread that is made from chickpeas, tahini, olive oil, lemon juice, salt and garlic. "Hummus" is Arabic for "chickpeas" that is said to be of Egyptian origin. The dish then spread across The Levant and North Africa. It is high in nutrients, for instance protein, iron, vitamin C and B6, and dietary fiber. Hummus is often eaten with pita. When hummus is served with bread the proteins of the hummus and of the bread go well together, creating a delicious taste. It has become popular in the Middle East and many other countries. It is considered a health food.
References
Other websites
Hummus recipe
Middle Eastern foods
François Fillon

Francois Fillon, (born 4 March 1954) is a former Prime Minister of France. He was born in Le Mans. Nicolas Sarkozy gave him the job on 17 May 2007. He resigned on 15 May 2012, following the defeat of Sarkozy in the presidential elections.
In 2017, Fillon ran for President of France and at some point was seen as the front-runner. However, following an embezzlement investigation his popularity decreased and lost the first round to Emmanuel Macron and Marine Le Pen.
On February 24, 2020, Fillon became one of the few Prime Ministers to ever go on !trial. On June 29, 2020, he was convicted of fraud and sentenced to five years in prison.
References
Other websites
French lawyers
Prime Ministers of France
1954 births
Living people
French criminals
People from Le Mans
Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun
Cytochrome

Cytochromes are haemoproteins (or proteins containing haem groups). They make ATP by electron transport.
They are found either as single (monomeric) proteins (e.g., cytochrome c) or as part of bigger enzyme complexes which catalyze redox reactions.
The haem group does the redox reactions. These include all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation state changed. In general, redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons.
History
Cytochromes were described in 1884 as respiratory pigments. They include (haemoglobin, myoglobin, haemocyanin, haemoerythrin and chlorocruorin. In the 1920s, Keilin rediscovered these respiratory pigments. He called them the cytochromes, or "cellular pigments", and classified them as haem proteins.
Types
Several kinds of cytochrome exist and can be distinguished by spectroscopy. Three types of cytochrome are distinguished by their prosthetic groups.
In mitochondria and chloroplasts, these cytochromes are often combined in electron transport and related metabolic pathways.
References
Iron compounds
Organometallic chemistry
Ranoidea callista

Ranoidea callista is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea. Scientists saw it on Mount Trafalgar, about 220 meters above sea level.
The scientist who wrote the first formal paper about Ranoidea callista, Fred Kraus, said this frog is related to Litoria gracilenta but it has different colors on its skin, lays eggs in streams, and has a different call. Kraus says that the frog does not only live on Mt. Trafalgar but in many places in New Guinea.
References
Frogs of Oceania
Rosario Olivo

Rosario Olivo (born 18 April 1940) is an Italian politician. He was born in Catanzaro, Italy. He is a member of the Italian Socialist Party.
He was deputy from 1992 to 2001 and was the President of Calabria from 1987 to 1992. In 2006, he was elected mayor of Catanzaro.
References
1940 births
Living people
Presidents of Calabria
Italian mayors
Alton, Texas

Alton is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
References
Other websites
City of Alton official website
Cities in Texas
Demeter Bitenc

Demeter Bitenc (21 July 1922 - 22 April 2018) was a Slovenian movie actor. He has appeared in 75 movies from his career's beginning in 1953 until his retirement in 2004. He was born in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Bitenc best known roles are in Island of the Amazons (1960), Apache Gold (1963), Target for Killing (1966), The Seventh Continent (1966), Poppea's Hot Nights (1969), The Ravine (1969), Private Vices, Public Pleasures (1976), Cross of Iron (1977), The Secret of Nikola Tesla (1980), War and Remembrance (1988), Outsider (1997) and in Long Dark Night (2004).
Bitenc died on 22 April 2018 in Ljubljana at the age of 95.
References
Other websites
1922 births
2018 deaths
Slovenian actors
Movie actors
People from Ljubljana
Fleurus

Fleurus is a municipality in the Belgian province of Hainaut.
In 2007, 22272 people lived there.
It is at 50deg 29 North, 04deg 33 East.
References
Municipalities of Hainaut
SummerSlam (2002)

SummerSlam (2002) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It was held on August 25, 2002 at Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum in Uniondale, New York. It was the fifteenth SummerSlam event held by the WWE.
The main match for the SmackDown! brand saw Brock Lesnar defeat The Rock to win the WWE Undisputed Championship. Lesnar won the match by pinfall after he hit The Rock with the F-5. The main match for the Raw brand saw Shawn Michaels defeat Triple H in an Unsanctioned Street Fight. Michaels won the match by pinfall after he reversed Triple H's pedigree attempt into a jackknife roll-up. The main match which was featured from both brands was an interpromotional match between Rob Van Dam and Chris Benoit for the WWE Intercontinental Championship. RVD won the match by pinfall after he hit the Five-Star Frog Splash on Benoit. By winning, RVD was able to win the championship.
Matches
References
Other websites
Official SummerSlam 2002 website
2002 in American television
2002 in professional wrestling
Sports in New York City
SummerSlam
2002 in New York (state)
Gareth Barry

Gareth Robert Barry (born 23 February 1981) is an English former football player who plays as a midfielder.
Club career statistics
|-
|1997/98||rowspan="12"|Aston Villa||rowspan="12"|Premier League||2||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||2||0
|-
|1998/99||32||2||2||0||0||0||3||0||37||2
|-
|1999/00||30||1||6||0||7||0||colspan="2"|-||43||1
|-
|2000/01||30||0||3||0||1||0||4||1||38||1
|-
|2001/02||20||0||1||0||0||0||7||0||28||0
|-
|2002/03||35||3||1||0||4||1||4||0||44||4
|-
|2003/04||36||3||1||1||6||0||colspan="2"|-||43||4
|-
|2004/05||34||7||1||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||36||8
|-
|2005/06||36||3||3||1||3||2||colspan="2"|-||42||6
|-
|2006/07||35||8||1||0||3||1||colspan="2"|-||39||9
|-
|2007/08||37||9||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||40||9
|-
|2008/09||38||5||1||0||1||0||8||3||48||8
|-
|2009/10||Manchester City||Premier League||||||||||||||||||||
365||41||21||3||28||4||26||4||440||52
365||41||21||3||28||4||26||4||440||52
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2000||6||0
|-
|2001||0||0
|-
|2002||0||0
|-
|2003||2||0
|-
|2004||0||0
|-
|2005||0||0
|-
|2006||0||0
|-
|2007||8||0
|-
|2008||10||1
|-
|2009||9||1
|-
|2010||9||0
|-
|2011||7||1
|-
|2012||2||0
|-
!Total||53||3
|}
References
1981 births
Living people
2010 FIFA World Cup players
English footballers
Manchester City F.C. players
People from East Sussex
Sportspeople from Sussex
Premier League players
Saint-Cierges

Saint-Cierges was a municipality of the district of Gros-de-Vaud in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Chaneaz, Chapelle-sur-Moudon, Correvon, Denezy, Martherenges, Neyruz-sur-Moudon, Peyres-Possens, Saint-Cierges and Thierrens joined together to become the new municipality of Montanaire.
References
Other websites
2013 disestablishments in Switzerland
Former municipalities of Vaud
The Theory of Everything (2014 movie)

The Theory of Everything is a 2014 British biographical romantic drama movie directed by James Marsh. It is about the life of the theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking.
The movie was based on Jane Hawking's memoir Travelling to Infinity: My Life with Stephen. The movie's score was composed by Johann Johannsson.
The movie stars Eddie Redmayne, Felicity Jones, Charlie Cox, Emily Watson, Simon McBurney, Christian McKay, Harry Lloyd, and David Thewlis. The movie was released on 7 September 2014 at the Toronto International Film Festival and released in the United Kingdom on 1 January 2015 to strong positive reviews.
References
2014 romantic drama movies
2010s biographical movies
British biographical movies
British romantic drama movies
Movies set in the 1960s
Movies set in the 1970s
Movies set in the 1980s
2010s English-language movies
Movies based on books
2021 British Isles heat wave

The 2021 British Isles heat wave happened for 10 days between the 15 July 2021 and 25 July 2021. It was when the temperature was hotter than it usually was. This caused some new records in how hot the weather got in the British Isles.
The Met Office said that there might be a lot of heat in some places, and made a extreme heat warning for some places in the United Kingdom. Just before this, all nations in the British Isles said it was the hottest day of the year.
References
2021 disasters in Europe
2021 in the United Kingdom
British Isles heat wave
Soul Punk

Soul Punk is the first studio album by American musician Patrick Stump. The album was released on October 18, 2011. Stump's solo project was officially revealed in January 2010 and was later titled Soul Punk. It is the first major musical project undertaken by Stump since Fall Out Boy's hiatus. The album is scheduled for release on October 18, 2011 through Island, with Stump officially announcing the release on July 25 via Twitter and the internet. The track "Explode" from the album was leaked on May 6, 2011 for promotion purposes.
The album's first single "This City" was released on July 26, 2011. The music video for the single will be released on September 20, 2011. The track features rapper Lupe Fiasco.
Track listing
2011 albums
Debut albums
Pop albums
Isoprene

Isoprene is a common organic compound produced by living things. Its full chemical name is 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, and its formula is CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2. Isoprene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. It is produced by many plants and animals (including humans). Its polymers are the main component of natural rubber.
Natural occurrences
Isoprene is produced and emitted by many species of trees (major producers are oaks, poplars, eucalyptus, and some legumes). Yearly production of isoprene emissions by vegetation is around 600 million metric tons, half from tropical broadleaf trees (that is, flowering plants) and the rest mainly from shrubs.
This is about the same as methane emissions. It accounts for about one-third of all hydrocarbons released into the atmosphere. In deciduous forests, isoprene makes up about 80% of hydrocarbon emissions. Microscopic and macroscopic algae also produce isoprene, but much less than trees.
Isoprene emission may help trees use to combat stress. In particular, isoprene does protect against moderate heat stress (around 40 degC). It may also protect plants against large fluctuations in leaf temperature. Isoprene is built into cell membranes and helps membranes keep stable.
Isoprene produces the blue haze which gives the Blue Ridge Mountains their name.
References
Hydrocarbons
Hero/Heroine

"Hero / Heroine" is the 2nd single by rock and roll-Alternative pop band Boys Like Girls. It is off the album Boys Like Girls.
Music video
The music video for "Hero/Heroine" was released in September 2007.
2007 songs
Boys Like Girls songs
Nectar

Nectar, in botany, is a liquid made by the flowers of plants. It is sweet because it has sugar in it. Plants make nectar to attract pollinating animals. It is made in glands called nectaries. The nectaries are usually at the bottom of the perianth of the flower. This means the animal trying to get the nectar has to touch the parts of the plant that are used for reproduction. By doing this, the animal getting the nectar helps the plants reproduce.
Some plants make nectar outside the flower. These plants do it to attract predatory insects. These insects will eat both the nectar and any plant-eating insects found near the plant.
Nectar is economically important because it is where the sugar for honey comes from. It is also useful in agriculture and horticulture because the adults of many predatory insects, as well as hummingbirds, eat nectar. Some plants give off very rich scents.
Extrafloral nectaries
Extrafloral nectaries (not in the flower) are specialised nectar-secreting plant glands. They develop outside flowers, and are not involved in pollination.
In contrast to floral nectaries, nectar produced outside the flower generally has a defensive function. The nectar attracts predatory insects which will eat both the nectar and any plant-eating insects around, they work as 'bodyguards'.
Extrafloral nectaries have been reported in over 3941 species of vascular plants belonging to 745 genera and 108 families, 99.7% of which belong to flowering plants (angiosperms). This is 1.0 to 1.8% of all known species. They are most common among eudicots, occurring in 3642 species (of 654 genera and 89 families). They often occur in rosids.
References
Flowers
Plant physiology
Blossoms in the Dust

Blossoms in the Dust is an 1941 drama movie that was produced by Irving Asher and Mervyn LeRoy and was directed by Mervyn LeRoy. Blossoms in the Dust was released on July 25, 1941 in North America. The movie won an Academy Award for Best Art Direction-Interior Decoration, Color and was also nominated for Best Actress in a Leading Role, Best Cinematography, Color and Best Picture.
Cast
Greer Garson as Edna Kahly Gladney
Walter Pidgeon as Samuel 'Sam' Gladney
Felix Bressart as Doctor Max Breslar
Marsha Hunt as Charlotte Kahly
Fay Holden as Mrs. Kahly
Samuel S. Hinds as Mr. George Kahly
Kathleen Howard as Mrs. Sarah Keats
George Lessey as Mr. Keats
William Henry as Allan Keats
Henry O'Neill as Judge Hartford
John Eldredge as Damon McPherson, Edna's Fiance
Clinton Rosemond as Zeke, Edna's Servant
Theresa Harris as Cleo, Edna's Maid
Charles Arnt as G. Harrington Hedger
Cecil Cunningham as Mrs. Marcus Gilworth
Lucky Frye as one of the children
References
Other websites
Blossoms in the Dust at the TCM Movie Database
1941 drama movies
MGM movies
Movies directed by Mervyn LeRoy
American drama movies
Movies about orphans
List of New Zealand Test cricketers

This is a list of cricketers who play Test cricket for New Zealand.
Statistics are correct as of New Zealand v England, 3rd Test, 2007-08 (26 March, 2008)
Note:
1Sammy Guillen also played Test cricket for the West Indies. Only his records for
New Zealand is shown above.
2Daniel Vettori has also played Test cricket for the ICC World XI. Only his record for New Zealand is shown above.
Related pages
List of New Zealand cricketers
Other websites
Cricinfo
Howstat
Lists of Test cricketers
Test cricketers
Tellurium(VI) fluoride

Tellurium(VI) fluoride, also known as tellurium hexafluoride, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is TeF6. It contains tellurium in its +6 oxidation state. It also contains fluoride ions. It is the oldest known tellurium fluoride.
Properties
Tellurium(VI) fluoride is a colorless gas. It condenses to a white solid when made cold. It has a very bad smell. It is very toxic. It is similar to selenium hexafluoride, even though it is less volatile (not as easily evaporated). It reacts with water to make telluric acid and hydrofluoric acid. It reacts with tellurium under to make tellurium tetrafluoride.
Preparation
It is made by reacting hot fluorine with tellurium. Cold fluorine gas makes tellurium tetrafluoride. It can also be made by reacting fluorine with tellurium trioxide. Another way to make it is reacting selenium tetrafluoride and tellurium dioxide to make tellurium tetrafluoride, which is heated above to make tellurium hexafluoride and tellurium.
Related pages
Tellurium(IV) fluoride
Tellurium(IV) chloride
Tellurium compounds
Fluorine compounds
South by Southwest

South by Southwest (SXSW) is a set of festivals and conferences. They are about movies, interactive media, and music. It takes place every year in March in Austin, Texas, United States. It began in 1987. It has continued to grow in both scope and size every year.
South by Southwest is run by the company SXSW, Inc.
Overview
SXSW Music
SXSW Music is the largest music festival in the world. It had more than 2,000 performances in 2014.
In 1987, 700 people attended the music event. In 2009, there were over 32,000 registrants.
Bands must pay for their own travel and lodging at the event. All performers get a cash payment ($100 for solo musicians or $250 for bands) or a wristband that gives them access to all music events.
SXSW Film
Conference
SXSW Film Conference lasts for five days. There are speakers, workshops, mentor sessions and more, with expert filmmakers and industry leaders.
In 2015, there were over 250 sessions with 735 speakers. Important speakers in the past include Lena Dunham, Jon Favreau, Mark Duplass, Ava DuVernay, Ryan Gosling, Nicolas Cage, Alejandro Jodorowsky, Tilda Swinton, Amy Schumer, Sally Field, Joss Whedon, Christine Vachon, RZA, Matthew McConaughey, Danny Boyle, Seth MacFarlane, Catherine Hardwicke, Richard Linklater, David Gordon Green, Harmony Korine, Henry Rollins, Sarah Green and Robert Rodriguez.
Festival
The SXSW Film Festival runs nine days. The SXSW Film Awards is on the last day of the Film Conference.
In 2015, the SXSW Film Festival showed 150 feature movies and 106 short movies. They were selected from 7,361 submissions. Past movies that premiered at SXSW include Furious 7, Neighbors, Chef, 21 Jump Street, The Cabin in the Woods, Bridesmaids and Insidious, and the TV series Girls, Silicon Valley and Penny Dreadful.
Although the film festival often shows independently produced movies, studios have often shown their comedies there before they are released. They do this to get an idea of how popular the movie will be in theaters.
SXSW Interactive
SXSW Interactive is about new technology. The festival includes a trade show, speakers, parties, and a startup accelerator. According to a festival organizer Louis Black, SXSW Interactive "has probably been the biggest of its kind in the world" since 2007.
References
Other websites
The Best of America - South By Southwest Interactive, CounterPunch, March 14, 2014
Festivals in the United States
Austin, Texas
1987 establishments in the United States
1980s establishments in Texas
Lagrange, Maine

Lagrange is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
M. I. Shanavas

M. I. Shanavas (22 September 1951 - 21 November 2018) was an Indian politician. He was the working president of the Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee and a member of parliament of the 16th Lok Sabha of India from 2009 until his death in 2018. Shanavas was born in Kottayam, India. He was a member of the Indian National Congress.
Shanavas died on 21 November 2018 in Chennai, India following complications from a liver transplant at the age of 67.
References
1951 births
2018 deaths
Politicians from Kerala
El Lago, Texas

El Lago is a city in Harris County, Texas, United States. The population was 2,706 at the 2010 census. El Lago is Spanish for The Lake.
References
Cities in Harris County, Texas
Virtute et armis

Virtute et armis is a Latin phrase meaning "By valor and arms". It is the state motto of Mississippi. It may have come from the motto of Lord Gray De Wilton, "virtute non armis fido" ("I trust in virtue, not in arms").
References
Mississippi
Latin state mottos of the United States
Transcript

Transcript could mean:
Transcript (molecular biology) refers to a strand of messenger RNA
Transcript (education), a copy of a student's permanent academic record
Transcript (medical), the documented medical record of patients
Film Transcript, a transcript needed for dialogue
Transcript (law), a record of all court proceedings
Transcript programming language, a computer programming language
Adobe Transcript, a commercial troff tool from Adobe Systems
The Transcript, Ohio Wesleyan University's student-run newspaper
Related pages
Transcription (linguistics)
Tehama County, California

Tehama County is one of the counties of the U.S. state of California. It is just south of Shasta County, in the Sacramento Valley part of the Central Valley of California. The county is 2,962 square miles (7,672 square kilometers) in size. Its county seat is Red Bluff.
Other websites
Tehama County official website
1856 establishments in California
Wolfgang Dauner

Wolfgang Dauner (30 December 1935 - 10 January 2020) was a German jazz fusion pianist. He worked in the United Jazz and Rock Ensemble and with Hans Koller, Albert Mangelsdorff, Volker Kriegel and Ack van Rooyen. In 1969, he was leader and composer for Radio Jazz Group Stuttgart. A year later he started the jazz rock band Et Cetera.
Dauner died on 10 January 2020 in Stuttgart, Germany at the age of 84.
References
1935 births
2020 deaths
German pianists
German jazz musicians
People from Stuttgart
20th-century German composers
21st-century German composers
Electrostatics

Electrostatics (also known as static electricity) is the branch of physics that deals with apparently stationary electric charges.
Electrostatics involves the buildup of charge on the surface of objects due to contact with other surfaces.
Although charge exchange happens whenever any two surfaces contact and separate, the effects of charge exchange are usually only noticed when at least one of the surfaces has a high resistance to electrical flow. This is because the charges that transfer to or from the highly resistive surface are more or less trapped there for a long enough time for their effects to be observed.
These charges then remain on the object until they either bleed off to the ground or are quickly neutralized by a discharge: e.g., the familiar phenomenon of a static 'shock' is caused by the neutralization of charge built up in the body from contact with non-conductive surfaces.
Examples
The attraction of plastic wrap to ones hand when one has removed it from a package.
Spontaneous explosion of grain silos.
Damage of electronic components during manufacturing or the operation of photocopiers.
Related pages
Electromagnetism
Ionic bond
Lightning
Luigi Galvani
References
Other websites and further reading
General
RMCybernetics: High Voltage Physics . Homemade projects & experiments.
"Man's static jacket sparks alert". BBC News, 16 September 2005.
"Can shocks from static electricity damage your health? ". Wolfson Electrostatics News pages.
"Can Gravity be an Electrostatic Force? " A Quantum theory of Gravitation, 2005.
invisible wall of static
Essays and books
William J. Beaty, "Humans and sparks; The Cause, Stopping the Pain, and 'Electric People". 1997.
William Cecil Dampier, "The theory of experimental electricity". Cambridge [Eng.] University press, 1905 (Cambridge physical series). xi, 334 p. illus., diagrs. 23 cm. LCCN 05040419 //r33
Electricity
Priya Gill

Priya Gill is an Indian actress. She appeared mainly in Hindi films, along with a film each in Punjabi, Malayalam, Tamil, Bhojpuri and movies in Telugu. She was second runner-up in Miss India 1995.
Film career
Gill began her Bollywood career with the ABCL production Tere Mere Sapne (1996) along with Arshad Warsi and Chandrachur Singh. Other film appearances include the hit films Sirf Tum (1999), Josh (2000) and Red (2002). After appearing in some Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu and Punjabi films, she left acting in 2006.
Other websites
Priya Gill at IMDb
Priya Gill at Bollywood Hungama
References
Indian actors
1971 births
Living people
Beast (2022 American movie)

Beast is a 2022 American survival thriller movie directed by Baltasar Kormakur from a screenplay by Ryan Engle. It is based on a story by Jaime Primak Sullivan. The movie stars Idris Elba, Sharlto Copley, Iyana Halley, Leah Sava Jeffries, and Riley Keough.
Beast was released in the United States on August 19, 2022, by Universal Pictures.
References
2022 adventure movies
2022 thriller movies
American adventure movies
American thriller movies
Movies about lions
Movies set in South Africa
Universal Pictures movies
Medway, Massachusetts

Medway is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States.
Towns in Massachusetts
Berryville, Virginia

Berryville is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.
Towns in Virginia
County seats in Virginia
Polar climate

Polar climate has temperatures below for much of the year. According to the Koppen climate classification, a polar climate is one in which no monthly average goes above . If the temperature is between and in the warmest month, it is a tundra climate. If the average temperature is below in the warmest month, it is an ice cap climate. These climates are found near the poles and on high mountains. There is usually little precipitation because the air is so dry. Ice cap climates are in the Arctic Ocean, Greenland, Iceland, Antarctica and at high altitude.
About 20% of the Earth has a polar climate.
References
Koppen climate classifications
Period 4 element

A period 4 element is an element in the fourth period (row) of the periodic table. It begins at potassium and ends at krypton. Period 4 has 18 elements.
Period 4 elements have electrons in the first four electron shells. All period 4 elements have one or more electrons in the fourth electron shell (valence electrons). When atomic number increases by one, another electron is added. Two electrons join the 4s orbital, ten electrons join the 3d orbital, and six electrons join the 4p orbitals.
Periodic table
German Empire

The German Empire or Germany ("Deutsches Reich" or "Deutsches Kaiserreich"or Deutschland in the German language) is the name for a group of German countries from January 18, 1871 to November 9, 1918. This is from the Unification of Germany when Wilhelm I of Prussia was made German Kaiser to when the third Emperor Wilhelm II was removed from power at the end of the First World War. In the 1920s, German nationalists started to call it the "Second Reich".
The name of Germany was "Deutsches Reich" until 1945. "Reich" can mean many things, empire, kingdom, state, "richness" or "wealth". Most members of the Empire were previously members of the North German Confederation.
At different times, there were three groups of smaller countries, each group was later called a "Reich" by some Germans. The first was the Holy Roman Empire. The second was the German Empire. The third was the Third Reich.
The words "Second Reich" were used for the German Empire by Arthur Moeller van den Bruck, a nationalist writer in the 1920s. He was trying to make a link with the earlier Holy Roman Empire which had once been very strong. Germany had lost First World War and was suffering big problems. van den Bruck wanted to start a "Third Reich" to unite the country. These words were later used by the Nazis to make themselves appear stronger.
States in the Empire
Related pages
Germany
Holy Roman Empire
Nazi Germany, or "Drittes Reich"
1870s establishments in Germany
States and territories disestablished in the 20th century
States and territories established in the 19th century
1871 establishments in Europe
1918 disestablishments in Germany
Bill Gold

William "Bill" Gold (January 3, 1921 - May 20, 2018) was an American graphic designer best known for thousands of movie poster designs.
His first movie poster was for Yankee Doodle Dandy (1941), and his most recent and final work was for J. Edgar (2011).
During his 70-year career he has worked with some of Hollywood's greatest filmmakers, including Laurence Olivier, Clint Eastwood, Alfred Hitchcock, Stanley Kubrick, Elia Kazan, Francois Truffaut, Ron Howard, Sidney Lumet, Ridley Scott, and Ray Harryhausen.
Among his most famous movie posters are those for Casablanca, A Streetcar Named Desire, The Exorcist, A Clockwork Orange, Escape from Alcatraz, and Alien.
Gold was born on January 3, 1921 in New York City, New York. He died at his home in Old Greenwich, Connecticut on May 20, 2018 of complications from Alzheimer's disease at the age of 97.
References
Other websites
1994 Hollywood Reporter Lifetime Achievement Award video
1921 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
American artists
People from New York City
Gomoku Narabe Renju

Gomoku Narabe Renju is a Japanese exclusive Famicom video game released in 1983. The game was later re-released in Japan on the Wii's Virtual Console years later. It was one of the first games to be released on the console. The game is a version of the Japanese video game known outside of the country as connect-five. The cartridge's color is black. A successor to the game, titled Super Gomoku Narabe Renju, was released on the Super Famicom. It alongside Mahjong was also released in the Japanese version of Animal Crossing, called Animal Forest +, as a collectible NES/Famicom game (in the overseas version, this was replaced with either Soccer or Excitebike).
Other than the ports as mentioned earlier of the 1983 version for the Japanese version of Animal Crossing and Virtual Console, it has not seen a rerelease or sequel since.
Gameplay
Before starting the game, the player can choose between three difficulty levels ranging from easy to medium difficulty to hard. Next, you can choose if you wish to play with a computer player or another person. Each player has an assigned color: either black or white. During each turn, the player will place on-chip down on the grid board. The first player to create a row of 5 chips of one color wins.
Other websites
Virtual Console page on Nintendo's official website (Japanese).
Gomoku Narabe Renju at GameFAQs
Famicom Disk System games
Nintendo Entertainment System games
1983 video games
Board games
Japan exclusive video games
Virtual Console games
2006 video games
Video games developed in Japan
Sunol, California

Sunol is a census-designated place in Alameda County, California. At the 2020 census, 922 people lived there. The town is known for the Niles Canyon Railway, a historic railroad.
References
Census-designated places in California
Settlements in Alameda County, California
Weekend (Polish band)

Weekend is a Polish band. They have made disco polo music and dance music.
Discography
Albums
Singles
Other charted songs
References
Other websites
Musical groups established in 2000
Disco groups
2000 establishments in Europe
Pop music groups
Swarthmore College

Swarthmore College (sometimes pronounced , locally pronounced , or ) is a private liberal arts college in Swarthmore, Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1864.
References
1860s establishments in Pennsylvania
1864 establishments in the United States
Colleges and universities in Pennsylvania
Vence

Vence is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the south of France.
References
INSEE
Other websites
Pictures of Vence Cathedral: ,
French language Wikipedia Article about Henri Calet
French language Wikipedia Article about Emile Delavenay
Communes in Alpes-Maritimes
Gary Gygax

Ernest Gary Gygax (July 27, 1938 - March 4, 2008) (IPA: ) was an American writer and game designer. He was best known for co-creating the early role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) with Dave Arneson in 1974. Gygax is often thought of as one of the first people to make role-playing games.
References
Other websites
Interviews and Q&As
Q&A with Gary Gygax at Dragonsfoot
The Ultimate Interview with Gary Gygax at thekyngdoms.com
Dungeons & Dragons Creator Gary Gygax Passes Away; Interview on BoingBoing Gadgets
Obituaries
The Times Obituary, March 5, 2008
The Guardian Obituary, March 7, 2008 (Note the similarity to this Wikipedia entry)
The Economist, March 13 2008
Obituary and notice of release of Gygax's last novel: Infernal Sorceress, July 2, 2008
Writers from Chicago
Deaths from stroke
1938 births
2008 deaths
Balokassar

Balokassar is a village and Union Council, an administrative subdivision, of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan, it is part of Choa Saidan Shah Tehsil.
References
Union Councils of Chakwal District
Pemako

Pemako is a region in the southeast corner of Tibet. It is considered to be the sacred place for Tibetans, and a place for pilgrimages. Many popular lamas visited the place in search of termas, which were hidden during the crisis in Tibet.
Geography of Tibet
Madison Avenue

Madison Avenue is a north-south street in the borough of Manhattan in New York City (U.S.) which carries northbound one-way traffic. It runs from Madison Square (at 23rd Street) to the Madison Avenue Bridge across the Harlem River (at 138th Street). In doing so, it passes through Midtown Manhattan, the Upper East Side (including Carnegie Hill), Spanish Harlem, and Harlem. It is named after Madison Square, which is itself named after James Madison, the fourth President of the United States. Since the 1920s, the street's name has been synonymous with the American advertising industry.
Madison Avenue was not part of the original New York City street grid established in the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, and was carved between Park Avenue (formerly Fourth) and Fifth Avenue in 1836, due to the effort of lawyer and real estate developer Samuel B. Ruggles. Ruggles was a graduate of Yale University who had previously purchased and developed New York's Gramercy Park in 1831, who was in part responsible for the development of Union Square and who also named Lexington Avenue.
Traffic
Madison Avenue carries one-way traffic uptown (northbound) from 23rd Street to 135th Street, with the change from two-way traffic having taken place on January 14, 1966, at which time Fifth Avenue was changed to one way downtown (southbound).
One lane of Madison Avenue in Midtown is limited to turns made by city buses or taxicabs, at some hours of the day. Based on Section 4-12(m) of the New York City Traffic Rules, driving a vehicle, other than a bus, is prohibited in the bus lane on Madison Avenue to turn right during the restricted hours specified by sign between 42nd Street and 59th Street. All vehicles are allowed at 60th Street, but a taxicab carrying a passenger may use the bus lane to turn right at 46th Street.
Advertising industry
The term "Madison Avenue" is often used to mean "advertising". Madison Avenue became identified with the advertising industry after the quick growth along the avenue during the 1920s.
According to The Emergence of Advertising in America, by the year 1861 there were twenty advertising agencies in New York City. In 1911, the New York City Association of Advertising Agencies was founded, as years ahead of the establishment of the American Association of Advertising Agencies.
Among various depictions in popular culture, the portion of the advertising industry which centers on Madison Avenue serves as a backdrop for the AMC television drama Mad Men, which focuses on industry activities during the 1960s.
Late in the 20th century, many agencies left Madison Avenue. Some moved further downtown and others moved west. Today, only a few agencies are still located in the old business cluster on Madison Avenue, including Young & Rubicam, StrawberryFrog, TBWA Worldwide and Doyle Dane Bernbach. However, the term is still used to describe the agency business as a whole and the large, New York-based agencies in particular.
References
Roads in New York City
Bartow, Georgia

Bartow is a town in Jefferson County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 286. The town was originally named "Spier's Turnout", but was changed to honor the first Confederate officer to die in battle, Colonel Francis S. Bartow of Savannah, Georgia.
References
Towns in Georgia (U.S. state)
Sudhir Chakraborty

Sudhir Chakravarti (19 September 1934 - 15 December 2020) was an Indian anthropologist and essayist. He was born in Shibpur, British India.
Chakravarti was known for his research works on Folk religion, Lalan Fakir and Cultural Anthropology in Bengal. He spent 30 years researching the folk culture by traveling to different villages all over the West Bengal.
He was a professor of Bengali literature from 1958 to 1994. Chakravarti worked in Krishnagar Government College. He wrote and edited more than 85 books on many subjects like music, art, folk-religion, cultural anthropology. He was the editor of Bengali literary Magazine Dhrubapada.
Chakraborty died on 15 December 2020 in Kolkata, India from a heart attack at the age of 86.
References
1934 births
2020 deaths
Indian scientists
Indian writers
Indian educators
Asian anthropologists
Luis Alberto Ammann

Luis Alberto Ammann (17 November 1942 - 6 November 2020) was an Argentine politician. He was born in Villa Dolores, Argentina. Ammann was a member of the Humanist Party. He was a Secretary-General of the Humanist Party from 1984 to 1994 and from 2001 to 2003.
He unsuccessfully ran for President of Argentina in 2007.
Ammann died of COVID-19 on 6 November 2020 in Buenos Aires, aged 77.
References
1942 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina
Argentine politicians