pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Coyhaique

Coyhaique is a Chilean city with 50.041 inhabitants (2002 census).
History
Coyhaique was founded like Baquedano on 1929.
Gallery
References
Other websites
Coihaique municipality
Cities in Chile
Little Willie

Little Willie was a prototype in the development of the British Mark I tank. Constructed in the autumn of 1915 at the behest of the Landship Committee, it was the first completed tank prototype in history.
Tanks
Ornaisons

Ornaisons is a commune of 1,181 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
Communes in Aude
Emiel Meeus

Emiel "Mil" Meeus (27 May 1929 - 26 November 2022) was a Belgian politician.
He was a member of the Christian Social Party that later became Christian Democratic and Flemish (CD&V). Meeus was a politician for over 50 years. Meeus was for the first time elected in 1964 for the local council. He was Schepen for six years. In 1983 he succeeded Frans Lievesoens as the mayor of Tessenderlo. He was the mayor of Tessenderlo for thirteen years until 1995 when he was succeeded by . In 2009 he received the title of honorary mayor from the Flemish Minister of the Interior Marino Keulen. When Meeus was 89 years old in 2018 he no longer ran for city council.
Meeus was married to Annie. He died in Tessenderlo on 26 November 2022, at the age of 93.
References
Belgian mayors
1929 births
2022 deaths
People from Limburg (Belgium)
Leaving Las Vegas

Leaving Las Vegas is a 1995 American romantic drama movie. It is about a depressed alcoholic screenwriter, Ben Sanderson, who moves to Las Vegas where he meets a prostitute, Sera, whom he moves in with. Elizabeth Shue and Nicolas Cage are part of the cast. The movie was released October 27, 1995 in limited release and nationwide in the United States in 1996. The movie received positive reviews. It was successful in the box office.
Other websites
1995 romantic drama movies
American romantic drama movies
1990s English-language movies
Movies about prostitution
Movies set in Las Vegas
Works about alcoholism
American independent movies
Châteauroux

Chateauroux is a commune in the Indre department in the center of France.
Aerocentre is in Chateauroux.
Sport
Chateauroux is the end of the 7th stage of the 2011 Tour de France.
Sister cities
Chateauroux is twinned with:
Gutersloh, Germany since 1977
Bittou Department, Burkina Faso since November 1985
Olsztyn, Poland since 23 February 1991
Communes in Indre
Departmental capitals in France
French Army

The French Army, officially the Ground Army ( , ) is the land-based and largest part of the French Armed Forces.
It is responsible to the Government of France. Army units are placed under the authority of the Chief of the Defence Staff (CEMA).
According to British historian Niall Ferguson, out of all recorded conflicts since the year 387 BC, France has fought in 168 of them, won 109, lost 49 and drawn 10.
References
French military organizations
Hausgauen

Hausgauen is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Communes in Haut-Rhin
Dream Street (Janet Jackson album)

Dream Street is the second studio album by American recording artist Janet Jackson. It was released on October 23, 1984, by A&M Records. The album was produced by her brother, Marlon Jackson. Her brother Michael Jackson added vocal ad-libs. During the summer of 1984 it was a top ten R&B hit.
Track listing
Charts
Personnel and production
"Don't Stand Another Chance" & "All My Love to You" produced by Marlon Jackson for V.B.M. Productions; associate producer on track 1: John Barnes. Track 1 arranged by Marlon Jackson & John Barnes; track 2 arranged by Marlon Jackson & Tony Patler. "Don't Stand Another Chance" recorded & mixed by Bill Botrill. "All My Love To You" recorded & mixed by Jeremy Smith. John Barnes: Keyboards, Moog Bass, Fairlight Programming & Drum Programming (track 1); Jonathan Moffat: Simmons Drums (track 1); Jackie/Michael/Tito Jackson, Dino Espinosa: Vocal Backing (track 1); Marlon Jackson: Drum Programming & Vocal Backing (track 2); Greg Phillinganes: Keyboards, Moog Bass; Tony Patler: Keyboards; Maxine & Julia Waters, Marva King: Vocal Backing (track 2)
"Fast Girls" & "Pretty Boy" arranged & produced by Jesse Johnson. Recorded by Peter Martinsen. Mixed by Peggy McCreery. Remixed by Peter Martinsen.
"Communication", "If It Takes All Night", "Dream Street", "Hold Back the Tears" & "Two to the Power of Love" produced by Giorgio Moroder & Pete Bellotte. All tracks arranged by Phil Shenale & Arthur Barrow, except "Hold Back the Tears" (arranged by Mitchell Froom). Recorded by Steve Bates & Steve Hodge; Mixed by Brian Reeves. Mitchell Froom, Phil Shenale: Keyboards; Arthur Barrow: Bass & Keyboards; Richie Zito: Guitars
Mastered by Brian Gardner at Bernie Grundman Mastering.
References
1984 albums
Janet Jackson albums
Pop albums
Synthpop albums
R&B albums
German Shepherd

The German Shepherd (), also known as the Alsatian, a breed of medium-large size dog. It was first developed in Germany. They are often used as police dogs, but they have many other uses. They have been variously used as herding dogs, guard dogs, military dogs, eyes for the blind and as pets. Because of their intelligence, speed, drive, eagerness and balance, they are now called 'multi-terrain' dogs as well as 'most complete dog breed' for their versatility, adaptability and suitability.
An important modern use is in search and rescue. In former times the American Rescue Dog Association only used air-scenting Alsatians to locate people who are missing or lost. They search in wilderness, disaster, human body remains and water search and rescue and recovery missions. The breed is smart, athletic and can live in a wide variety of climate conditions.
Male German Shepherds usually weigh around . Females usually weigh around .
The term Alsatian wolf dog, instead of German Shepherd dog, was first popularly used by the British in the First World War. This was because the country was at war with the German Empire. Adolf Hitler, a German dictator, was also known to have German Shepherds as companions.
The German Shepherd Dog breed, as it is currently known, was developed by the founder and the first president of the Association for the German Shepherd Dog breed Max Emil Friedrich von Stephanitz at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries.
Gallery
Transportation of an animal
Disabled people carry guide dogs with them in wagons of all types. There is no charge for the transportation of guide dogs and transportation documents are not issued.
References
Dog breeds
McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II

The McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing) AV-8B Harrier II is a single-engine ground-attack aircraft. It is the second generation of the Harrier Jump Jet family. It is capable of vertical or short takeoff and landing (V/STOL). The aircraft was designed in the late 1970s as an Anglo-American development of the British Hawker Siddeley Harrier, the first operational V/STOL aircraft. It can hover like a helicopter but can also fly like a jet at near supersonic speeds. It is named after the a bird of prey. It is primarily used on light attack or multi-role missions. These range from close air support of ground troops to armed reconnaissance. The AV-8B is used by the United States Marine Corps (USMC), the Spanish Navy, and the Italian Navy. A variant of the AV-8B, the British Aerospace Harrier II, was developed for the British military. Another is the TAV-8B, is a dedicated two-seat trainer.
The project that eventually led to the AV-8B's creation started in the early 1970s. It was a cooperative effort between the United States and United Kingdom (UK). it was aimed at working on solving the problems of the first-generation Harrier. Early efforts centered on a larger, more powerful Pegasus engine to improve the Harrier's performance. The UK dropped out of the project in 1975.
Following the withdrawal of the UK, McDonnell Douglas extensively redesigned the earlier AV-8A Harrier to create the AV-8B. While retaining the general layout of its predecessor, the aircraft uses a new wing, an elevated cockpit, a redesigned fuselage, one extra hardpoint per wing, and other structural and aerodynamic changes. The aircraft is powered by an upgraded version of the Pegasus, which gives the aircraft its V/STOL ability. The AV-8B made its maiden flight in November 1981 and entered service with the USMC in January 1985. Later upgrades added a night-attack capability and radar. This resulted in the AV-8B(NA) and AV-8B Harrier II Plus, respectively. An enlarged version named Harrier III was also studied, but was not built. The UK, through British Aerospace, re-joined the improved Harrier project as a partner in 1981. After corporate mergers in the 1990s, Boeing and BAE Systems have jointly supported the program. Approximately 340 aircraft were produced in a 22-year production program that ended in 2003.
References
United States military aircraft
Vasyl Durdynets

Major General Vasyl Vasylovych Durdynets (, born 27 September 1937) is a Ukrainian politician. He was the Acting Prime Minister of Ukraine for a short time in July 1997.
References
1937 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Ukraine
Ukrainian military people
Cremaster muscle

The cremaster muscle is a muscle that covers the testis and the spermatic cord.
The word comes from the transitive Greek verb "I hang" ().
References
Muscles
Étienne-Gabriel Morelly

Morelly was an eighteenth century French writer. He was an influence on the early Communist movement.
1717 births
1778 deaths
French philosophers
UTC+10:30

UTC+10:30 makes clocks 10 hours and 30 minutes later than Greenwich Mean Time.
These are countries who use UTC+10:30 for time.
As daylight saving time (Southern hemisphere summer)
Australia - Australian Central Daylight Time
South Australia
References
UTC offsets
Aplastodiscus albosignatus

Lutz's tree frog or the bocaina tree frog (Aplastodiscus albosignatus) is a frog. It lives in Brazil.
The adult frog is 40 - 51 mm long from nose to rear end. The skin of the frog's back is green in color. Its bones and muscles are green too.
The tadpoles live at the bottom of the body of water.
There are fewer of this frog than there were. Human beings cut down the forests where the frogs live. They take trees for wood to build things and to make towns.
References
Frogs of South America
Blue Earth County, Minnesota

Blue Earth County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2020, 69,112 people lived there. The county seat is Mankato.
References
Minnesota counties
Philippines at the Olympics

Philippines at the Olympics is a history which includes 23 games in 16 countries and 370+ athletes. Since 1911, the Philippines has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement".
The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for the Philippines is PHI.
History
The Philippine National Olympic Committee was formed in 1911. It was recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1929.
Philippines's team first competed at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris.
The team did not compete in the 1980 Summer Olympics.
Filipino athletes have also been at the Winter Olympic Games three times after 1972, but not since 1994. The Philippines is the first nation in the tropics to be in the Winter Olympic Games.
Medalists
Summer games
Summer Youth games
Related pages
List of IOC country codes
References
Other websites
Philippine Olympic Committee website
Philippines profile at London2012.com
Olympics
Nations at the Olympics
Babar (TV series)

Babar is a children's animated television series. It is based on the books Co-produced by Nelvana Limited Ellipsanime and Kodansha (2000-2017) with Teletoon (2000-2007) Treehouse TV (2007-2017) HBO Canal+ France 3 and TF1.
Nickelodeon Revival Series (2000-present)
Babar is a 2000 animated television series that airs on Nickelodeon witch the series is a Nickelodeon show and produced for Nickelodeon by Nelvana alongside Ellipsanime Kodansha and Sony Pictures Television since the seven season
The 2000 series aired on Noggin from November 6, 2005 from September 27, 2009
The show airs on Nickelodeon (Nick Jr block). and the Nick Jr. Channel (United States) Teletoon and Ici Radio-Canada Tele (Canada)
References
Children's television series
River Tweed

The River Tweed, or Tweed Water, is a river long. It flows east across the Border region in Scotland and northern England. Tweed cloth gets its name from here. The Tweed is one of the great salmon rivers of Britain and the only river in England where an Environment Agency rod licence is not required for angling. Lots of people come here from all around the world to go fishing.
References
Tweed
Edgewood, Iowa

Edgewood is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Mojanda

Mojanda is an inactive stratovolcano of the Eastern Cordillera of the Andes in northern Ecuador. It has three crater lakes: Karikucha (the largest), Yanakucha, and Warmikucha.
References
Volcanoes of Ecuador
Chadli Bendjedid

Chadli Bendjedid (; ALA-LC: ash-Shadhili bin Jadid; 14 April 1929 - 6 October 2012) was the third President of Algeria from 9 February 1979 to 11 January 1992.
Bendjedid was hospitalized in Paris in January 2012 for cancer treatment and returned to hospital again in May and October 2012. He died of cancer on 6 October 2012 in Paris.
References
1929 births
2012 deaths
Presidents of Algeria
Cancer deaths in France
Lawrence Journal-World

The Lawrence Journal-World is a newspaper in Lawrence, Kansas, United States, by Ogden Newspapers. They publish every day.
History
The Journal-World name started in 1911. The paper says it goes back to 1858.
In 1891, Wilford Collins Simons moved to Lawrence. He took over the Lawrence Record newspaper in a three-month lease. The Lawrence World was first issued by Simons on March 2, 1892.
In 1905, the World bought the Lawrence Journal. They merged the Journal and World in 1911 after a fire destroyed the offices of the Journal. The name Lawrence Daily Journal dates back to 1880. However, that name just continued the name Republican Daily Journal. The name Republican Daily Journal dates back to at least 1869. The Republican Daily Journal seems to have been the successor through a sale and/or consolidation of earlier Lawrence newspapers. One of those papers dated to 1858. For years, the Journal-World said it started in 1858.
Wilford Collins Simons was editor from 1891 until his death in 1952.
In October 2010, the World Company, which owns the Lawrence Journal-World, sold some of its news media business. They sold it to Knology for $165 million. Knology is an Internet and cable company.
On May 1, 2019, the Journal-World's offices moved from the historic post office building on 7th and New Hampshire streets building to an office in North Lawrence. Blue Cross Blue Shield of Kansas moved into the old building.
Notes
References
Lawrence, Kansas
Newspapers in the United States
Trichotillomania

Trichotillomania (TTM) (often called "trich") is an impulse control disorder. It causes a person to habitually pull out their hair. People with trichotillomania may pull hair from anywhere on the body. Sometimes people with trich end up having large areas on the body without hair.
Trichotillomania is listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). The DSM is written by the American Psychiatric Association. It lists every condition which is officially called a mental illness. The DSM puts trich in the "impulse control disorder" category. However, there are questions about what category trich should be in. At different times, it may seem to be a habit, an addiction, a tic disorder, or an obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Impulse control disorders
Nabha Natesh

Nabha Natesh is an Indian model-turned-actress who primarily appears in Telugu and Kannada film industry. Natesh started her career in 2015 with a Kannada film Vajrakaya and Telugu film debut with Nannu Dochukunduvate (2018). She was seen in a leading role in some of the commercially successful movies such as Vajrakaya (2015), Lee (2017), Adhugo (2018) and iSmart Shankar (2019).
Sources
1995 births
Living people
Indian movie actors
Indian models
Richard Wagamese

Richard Wagamese (October 14, 1955 - March 10, 2017, Ojibwe) was a Canadian author and journalist. He was best known for his 2012 novel Indian Horse, which won the Burt Award for First Nations, Metis and Inuit Literature in 2013 and was a competing title in the 2013 edition of Canada Reads.
Wagamese died on march 10, 2017 at the age of either 61 or 62 in Kamloops, British Columbia.
References
1955 births
2017 deaths
Canadian novelists
Canadian journalists
Canadian poets
Writers from British Columbia
ASTech Paris Région

ASTech Paris Region is a French group of aerospace engineering companies and research centres. It is in the region of Ile-de-France in the middle of France and is mainly concentrated in and around the city of Paris.
There are over 500 companies, including Dassault Aviation, Airbus and Air France Industries. About 100.000 people work there in the aviation and space flight industries.
The headquarters of ASTech is in Paris-Le Bourget Airport. The chairman of the group is Sebastien Courrech.
References
Other websites
Website of ASTech Paris Region
Aviation in France
Aerospace engineering
Companies based in Paris
Wales national rugby union team

The Wales national rugby union team represents Wales in men's international rugby union. It was created in 1881, the same year that Wales played their first international against England.
The team plays its home matches at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff (currently known for sponsorship reasons as the Principality Stadium), which replaced Cardiff Arms Park as the national stadium of Wales in 1999.
References
National rugby union teams
Sports organisations of Wales
Abc notation

Abc notation is a ASCII-based notation music language made by Chris Walshaw.
Music technology
Robert Cardenas

Robert L. "Bob" Cardenas (March 10, 1920 - March 10, 2022) was a Mexican-American brigadier general of the United States Air Force. He was born in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico, but raised in San Diego, California. He served in World War II and the Vietnam War.
In 1983, President Ronald Reagan appointed him California coordinator for Southwest Border Economic Action Group. In 1985, he was appointed to Chairman of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Advisory Group by California Governor George Deukmejian.
In 2015, he was added into the National Aviation Hall of Fame.
Cardenas died on his 102nd birthday on March 10, 2022 in San Diego, California.
References
Other websites
Personal Biography
Detailed unofficial website by Derek Horne (friend of General Cardenas)
1920 births
2022 deaths
Naturalized citizens of the United States
American generals
American military personnel of World War II
American military personnel of the Vietnam War
Military people from California
People from San Diego, California
Takuma Sugano

is a former Japanese football player.
Club statistics
|-
|1999||rowspan="2"|JEF United Ichihara||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2000||0||0||0||0||1||0||1||0
|-
|2000||Ventforet Kofu||J. League 2||20||3||2||1||0||0||22||4
|-
|2001||JEF United Ichihara||J. League 1||3||1||0||0||0||0||3||1
|-
|2001||Shonan Bellmare||J. League 2||11||0||||||||||||
34||4||||||||||||
34||4||||||||||||
|}
References
1980 births
Living people
Footballers from Kanagawa Prefecture
Willie Rennie

William Cowan "Willie" Rennie (born 27 September 1967) is a Scottish politician. He is the current Leader of the Scottish Liberal Democrats. He became the Member of Parliament (MP) for Dunfermline and West Fife in February 2006. Rennie lost this seat to Labour in the May 2010 UK general election. He was then appointed as a Special Government Adviser. He worked for the Scottish Secretaries of State Danny Alexander MP and then Michael Moore MP. He stood for the Scottish Parliament in the 2011 Scottish Parliament general election. He was elected as a member for the Mid Scotland and Fife region. Soon afterwards he was elected as leader of the Scottish Liberal Democrat party. He replaced Tavish Scott.
References
Other websites
Willie Rennie's page at the Scottish Parliament website
Biography on Scottish Liberal Democrats website
1967 births
Living people
People from Dunfermline
Members of the British House of Commons for Scottish constituencies
Politicians from Fife
Shiga Prefecture Gokoku Shrine

is a Shinto shrine located in Hikone City, Shiga Prefecture, Japan. It is a Gokoku Shrine or a shrine for people who died in wars.
There are more than 34,000 people who died in wars from the prefecture. These people are honored in the shrine. The wars are the Boshin War, the Satsuma Rebellion, the first Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War, and World War II.
It is a Beppyo shrine which means a highly ranked shrine.
Gokoku shrines were made to honor people who died in wars. They are led by Yasukuni Shrine. They used to be called Shokonsha but the name was changed in 1939.
History
In the year 1869 a memorial was made in for dead soldiers. 26 people died in the Boshin War from the city and they were honored in the temple.
In 1875 (Meiji 8), the government said it should be made into a shrine. , the lord of Hikone moved it to the current place.
In 1939, it was renamed 'Shiga Prefecture Gokoku Shrine' by the Minister of Home Affairs .
After World War II it was renamed to Sasanami Shrine. It was listed as a Beppyo shrine.
In October 1953, after the occupation ended, the name was changed back.
See Also
Hero shrine
Gokoku Shrines
Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
Arlington National Cemetery
Valhalla (home to the souls of fallen warriors in Scandinavian mythology)
References
External link
Shiga Prefecture Gokoku Shrine
Beppyo shrines
Gokoku shrines
Coordinates on Wikidata
Cameron Mitchell

Cameron Mitchell (November 4, 1918 - July 6, 1994), was an American actor.
Career
Born in Pennsylvania, U.S.. His first role was in a short movie The Last Installment: A Crime Does Not Pay Subject (1945), That same year he was cast in What Next, Corporal Hargrove? by Richard Thorpe. Also had a role in the movie They Were Expendable (1945), John Wayne. In 1948 he landed the role of Lieutenant Ansel Goldberg, in the classic war movie Command Decision, with Clark Gable.
The decade of 1950s was very good for Mitchell, working in many movies such as Smuggler's Gold (1951), the Sci Fi Movie Flight to Mars (1951).
In the early 1960s, Mitchell has great success in Europe he starring in movies: Erik the Conqueror (1961) - Caesar the Conqueror (1962) - Attack of the Normans (1962) - The Black Duke (1963) -Last Gun (1964), Minnesota Clay (1964), In the Shadow of the Eagles (1966) - I coltelli del vendicatore (1966), Island of the Doomed (1967).
In 1970 Mitchell starred in the cult movie The Rebel Rousers, with Jack Nicholson, and directed by Martin B. Cohen. He plays a man who is harassed by a motorcycle gang from hell.
He also co-starred in the movies: Hombre (1967), a western with Paul Newman, The Other Side of the Wind (1972), directed by Orson Welles, Buck and the Preacher (1973), with Sidney Poitier, The Midnight Man (1974), starring and directed by Burt Lancaster, and The Klansman (1974), with Lee Marvin.
In the decade of the 1980s, Mitchell starred only in low-budget movie. Among his movies of the 80s are The Silent Scream (1980), The Nightmare Never Ends (1980), The Guns and the Fury (1981), The Tomb (1986), with John Carradine, and The Offspring (1987), with Vincent Price.
Television
In 1967 he was hired to play the role of Buck Cannon in The High Chaparral, with Leif Erickson as Big John Cannon. The series was a success and remained four seasons between 1967 and 1971.
He also worked in American television from its origins, in 1962, is the narrator of the TV series The Beachcomber. He was also guest starred in TV series Colt .45, Wagon Train, The Untouchables, Bonanza, Daniel Boone, Cade's County, Alias Smith and Jones, Mission: Impossible, Night Gallery, Gunsmoke, Police Story, Magnum, P.I., Matt Houston, and others.
Other websites
American movie actors
1918 births
1994 deaths
American television actors
Actors from Pennsylvania
Bar-sur-Aube

Bar-sur-Aube is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France.
Bar-sur-Aube
Subprefectures in France
William French Smith

William French Smith (August 26, 1917 - October 29, 1990) was an American lawyer. He was the 74th United States Attorney General serving from 1981 through 1985.
Other websites
Appointment of William French Smith as a Member of the President's Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board: February 28, 1985
1917 births
1990 deaths
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
Lawyers from New Hampshire
United States Attorneys General
Politicians from New Hampshire
Erik Edman

Erik Edman (born 11 November 1978) is a Swedish football player. He plays for Helsingborg and the Swedish national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1997||rowspan="3"|Helsingborg||rowspan="3"|Allsvenskan||24||0
|-
|1998||25||0
|-
|1999||12||1
|-
|1999/00||Torino||Serie A||0||0
|-
|1999/00||Karlsruhe||2. Bundesliga||8||0
|-
|2000||rowspan="2"|AIK Solna||rowspan="2"|Allsvenskan||8||0
|-
|2001||13||0
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="3"|Heerenveen||rowspan="3"|Eredivisie||33||1
|-
|2002/03||30||0
|-
|2003/04||28||0
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|Tottenham Hotspur||rowspan="2"|Premier League||28||1
|-
|2005/06||3||0
|-
|2005/06||rowspan="3"|Stade Rennais||rowspan="3"|Ligue 1||26||0
|-
|2006/07||30||0
|-
|2007/08||12||0
|-
|2007/08||rowspan="3"|Wigan Athletic||rowspan="3"|Premier League||5||0
|-
|2008/09||2||0
|-
|2009/10||3||0
|-
|2010||Helsingborg||Allsvenskan||||
82||1
0||0
8||0
91||1
41||1
68||0
290||3
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2001||2||0
|-
|2002||5||0
|-
|2003||9||0
|-
|2004||11||0
|-
|2005||7||1
|-
|2006||12||0
|-
|2007||9||0
|-
|2008||0||0
|-
|2009||2||0
|-
!Total||57||1
|}
References
1978 births
Living people
Swedish footballers
Constructive proof

In mathematics, a constructive proof is a method of proof that shows the existence of a mathematical object--by giving a method on how to create the object. The other type of proof is called non-constructive proof, or existence proof: It shows that an object must exist, but does not give a way how to construct it.
A non-constructive proof is rejected by the so-called constructivists, who choose to interpret existence in a stricter way.
Related pages
Proof by contradiction
References
Mathematics
Sam Cunningham

Samuel Lewis Cunningham Jr. (August 15, 1950 - September 7, 2021), nicknamed Sam "Bam" Cunningham, was an American football fullback player. He was born in Santa Barbara, California. He played in the National Football League (NFL) for 10 seasons with the New England Patriots. His career lasted from 1973 until 1982.
Cunningham died on September 7, 2021 in Inglewood, California at the age of 71.
References
1950 births
2021 deaths
American football fullbacks
New England Patriots players
Sportspeople from California
People from Santa Barbara, California
Ulna

The ulna is one of the two bones which make up the lower forearm in tetrapods. The other one is the radius. Above them is the elbow and humerus; below are the hands or front feet.
Bones
Visual system

The visual system is the part of the nervous system which allows organisms to see.
It interprets the information from visible light to build a representation of the world surrounding the body. The visual system has the complex task of (re)constructing a three dimensional world from a two dimensional projection of that world. The psychological manifestation of visual information is known as visual perception.
Introduction
This article mostly describes the visual system of mammals, although other "higher" animals have similar visual systems. In this case, the visual system consists of:
The eye, especially the retina
The optic nerve
The optic chiasma
The optic tract
The lateral geniculate nucleus
The optic tectum (superior colliculus)
The optic radiation
The visual cortex
The visual association cortex
Different species are able to see different parts of the light spectrum; for example, bees can see into the ultraviolet, while pit vipers can accurately target prey with their infrared imaging sensors.<ref> AB Safer and MS Grace (2004), "Infrared imaging in vipers: differential responses of crotaline and viperine snakes to paired thermal targets". Behav Brain Res. 154(1):55-61. 2004 Sep 23. </ref>
References
David H. Hubel 1989. Eye, Brain and Vision. New York: Scientific American Library.
David Marr 1982. Vision: A Computational Investigation into the Human Representation and Processing of Visual Information. San Francisco: Freeman.
R.W. Rodiek 1988. The Primate Retina. In Comparative Primate Biology. vol 4 of Neurosciences. eds H.D. Steklis and J. Erwin. pp. 203-278. New York: A.R. Liss.
Matthew Schmolesky, The Primary Visual Cortex
Martin J. Tovee 1996. An introduction to the visual system. Cambridge University Press.
Andreas Vesalius 1543. De Humani Corporis Fabrica (On the Workings of the Human Body)
Torsten Wiesel and David H. Hubel 1963. The effects of visual deprivation on the morphology and physiology of cell's lateral geniculate body. Journal of Neurophysiology'' 26, 978-993.
Other websites
"Webvision: The Organization of the Retina and Visual System" - John Moran Eye Center at University of Utah
VisionScience.com - An online resource for researchers in vision science.
Journal of Vision - An online, open access journal of vision science.
Vision
Monumento del Llano Amarillo

Monumento del Llano Amarillo is a special structure located in Ceuta, which is a part of Spain in North Africa. It can be found at the base of Mount Hacho. This very tall statue, which is fifteen metres in height, was sent from Morocco to this place in the year 1962. It is one of the few artworks that remain and show a time in Spain's history called Nationalism, which happened the Spanish Civil War.
References
Bribery

Bribery means offering something (such as money) to a person in return for some favour which is bad in some way.
The money that is offered is called a bribe, and the verb is to bribe. Active bribery is offering payment and asking for favour, and passive bribery is asking for payment and offering favour. It is still called bribery if the trade is never done.
It is sometimes difficult to decide whether something is a bribe or just a reward. If a father pays his son for washing the car, that is just a reward or payment. However, if a parent pays a child for eating up its dinner, that might be thought of as a bribe because most people would think that is not right.
Bribery can be a crime in more serious cases, such as when a person offers money to hide their own wrongdoing. If a motorist is caught speeding by a policeman and offers the policeman money or a bottle of vodka to persuade him not to report him, that is bribery. If someone wants to take something into a country that is forbidden (or that they would have to pay tax on), they might offer the customs officer a bribe to persuade him to let them through. Some corrupt people will not do their jobs at all (like delivering some package) unless they get a bribe on top of their normal pay.
Those examples are clearly illegal (against the law) and are rare in many countries, but bribery is quite common in business in many parts of the world. It is difficult to do anything without offering bribes in these places. Giving business people presents in the hope that they will want to do business with you may just seem like good manners at times, but in some cases, it may seem more like bribery.
People who are found to be taking bribes can sometimes lose their jobs. In some cases (like the case of the motorist), bribery is against the law.
Related pages
Transparency International
Blackmail
References
Financial crimes
Sonic Rivals

Sonic Rivals is a video game for the PlayStation Portable that came out on November 16, 2006. The game is made by Backbone Entertainment and Sega. People can play as Sonic the Hedgehog, Shadow the Hedgehog, Knuckles the Echidna, Metal Sonic or Silver the Hedgehog.
2006 video games
PlayStation Portable-only games
Sonic the Hedgehog games
Color Me Badd

Color Me Badd is an American new jack swing, pop music and R&B boy band that formed in 1987. The group consists of several men. It is from Oklahoma City. Their debut studio album C.M.B. was released in 1991 and featured the popular singles "Thinkin' Back", "I Wanna Sex You Up" and "Slow Motion". One of their songs was part of the soundtrack of the movie New Jack City.
Albums
C.M.B. (1991)
Time and Chance (1993)
Now & Forever (1996)
Awakening (1998)
References
Other websites
Official website
1987 establishments in the United States
American boy bands
1980s American music groups
1990s American music groups
American pop music groups
American R&B bands
Musical groups established in 1987
Musical groups from Oklahoma
Gifflenga

Gifflenga is a comune in the Province of Biella in the Piedmont region in Italy.
References
Settlements in Piedmont
937

937 was a common year.
Events
Battle of Brunanburh: King Athelstan of England defeats the Viking king of Dublin, the Scots, and Strathclyde.
September 21 - Magdeburg becomes capital of the Holy Roman Empire.
Births
Duke William IV of Aquitaine
Gu Hongzhong
Deaths
July 11 - King Rudolph II of Burgundy
July 14 - Duke Arnulf I of Bavaria
930s
Regensburg (district)

Regensburg is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany.
The district is located on either side of the Danube.
Towns and municipalities
References
Other websites
Official website (German)
Districts of Bavaria
The Yellow Mountain

The Yellow Mountain is a 1954 American western comedy drama movie. It was directed by Jesse Hibbs. Actors include Lex Barker, Mala Powers, Howard Duff, Leo Gordon, and William Demarest. It was distributed by Universal Pictures.
Other websites
1954 comedy movies
1954 drama movies
1950s comedy-drama movies
1950s Western (genre) movies
American Western (genre) movies
American comedy-drama movies
Movies directed by Jesse Hibbs
Callulina kanga

The Kanga warty frog (Callulina kanga) is a frog. It lives in Tanzania. It lives in the Kanga Forest Reserve.
References
Frogs of Africa
Vera Klimovich

Vera Aleksandrovna Klimovich (born 29 April 1988 Minsk) is a Belarusian volleyball player.
She competed at the 2015 Women's European Volleyball Championship, 2017 Women's European Volleyball Championship, 2019 Women's European Volleyball Championship, and 2019 Women's European Volleyball League winning a bronze medal.
On club level she plays for VB Casalmaggiore, Volley 2002 Forli, Maccabi XT Haifa, and Hameenlinnan Lentopallokerho.
References
1988 births
Belarusian volleyball players
Living people
Egalitarianism

Egalitarianism is the belief that people should be equal to one another. The word is named for the French word egal, meaning equal or level.
There are many possible kinds of egalitarianism. For example, legal egalitarianism is the belief that groups of people should be equal in law even if they are of different race or religion. Gender egalitarianism is the idea that men and women are equally important, even though they are different.
This word may be used when talking about philosophy in many slightly different ways. We can best understand the different kinds of egalitarianism by asking, "Who is equal to whom?" and "How are they equal?"
Related pages
Equality before the law
Primitive communism
Social equality
Social justice
Philosophical movements and positions
James P. McCarthy

James P. McCarthy (born March 7, 1935) is a retired United States Air Force general. He was Deputy Commander in Chief of the United States European Command. He was the ARDI Professor of National Security at the United States Air Force Academy.
References
1935 births
Living people
American generals
Educators from Ohio
American military personnel of the Korean War
American military personnel of the Vietnam War
Military people from Ohio
People from Canton, Ohio
Shine a Little Love

"Shine a Little Love" is a 1979 song by Electric Light Orchestra and is the opening track from their eighth studio album Discovery. It went to number 1 in Spain, number 4 in Canada and Ireland, number 6 in the United Kingdom, number 8 in the United States, number 9 in Norway, number 10 in the Netherlands, number 14 in Australia, number 16 in South Africa and number 17 in New Zealand.
References
1979 songs
Electric Light Orchestra songs
Mario Beccaria

Mario Beccaria (18 June 1920 - 22 November 2003) was an Italian politician. He was a member of the Christian Democracy Party. He served as mayor of his city and as member of the Chamber of Deputies.
Beccaria died on 22 November 2003, aged 83. In Sant'Angelo Lodigiano it has been dedicated a street to him.
References
Other websites
1920 births
2003 deaths
Italian mayors
Politicians from Lombardy
Highway to Hell

Highway to Hell is the sixth studio album by the rock group, AC/DC. It was released on 27 July 1979 and was the last to feature Bon Scott who would die on 19 February 1980.
Track listing
"Highway to Hell" 3:29
"Girls Got Rhythm" 3:24
"Walk All Over You" 5:10
"Touch Too Much" 4:28
"Beating Around the Bush" 3:55
"Shot Down in Flames" 3:23
"Get It Hot" 2:35
"If You Want Blood (You've Got It)" 4:38
"Love Hungry Man" 4:18
"Night Prowler" 6:13
References
1979 albums
AC/DC albums
Hard rock albums
Albert Productions albums
Fontenay-près-Chablis

Fontenay-pres-Chablis is a commune. It is in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Distaghil Sar

Distaghil Sar is a mountain in the Karakoram range, in Pakistan. It is the 19th highest mountain in the world. The first people to reach the top were Gunther Starker and Diether Marchart, in 1960.
References
Karakoram
Mountains of Pakistan
Gilgit-Baltistan
Division of Braddon

The Division of Braddon is an Australian electoral division in Tasmania. It was set up in 1955 and is named for Sir Edward Braddon, a Premier of Tasmania and one of Tasmania's five original federal MPs. It covers an area of 20,826 km2 in the north-western part of Tasmania. It includes the cities of Burnie and Devonport, and various towns including Ulverstone, Penguin and Wynyard.
Members
Election results
References
Other websites
Division Braddon - Australian Electoral Commission
Brett Whiteley's website
Electoral divisions of Australia
1955 establishments in Australia
Chairlift

A chairlift, also called an elevated passenger ropeway, is a type of public transport. It is like a chair that runs on cables. The cable is placed over the chair to lift it from the ground and they run between two (or more) stations. The cable is moved around by motors and lifted from the ground by towers. There are many chairs on the cable so that many people can be transported.
Chairlifts are found in skiing resorts, where they help skiers go up the mountain. They are sometimes better than gondola lifts because the skier does not need to remove the skis. He/she can sit down on the chair and then leave it at the top of the mountain very quickly. Old chairlifts are small and slow. Newer ones can carry up to 8 people. They are also faster overall, but they slow down at the station, making it easier to get on and off. Sometimes they even have a glass bubble that can be closed to keep people warm inside.
Related pages
Gondola lift
Cable car
Ski lifts
Traunstein (district)

Traunstein is a rural district in Upper Bavaria in south Bavaria, Germany.
Towns and municipalities
Towns
Tittmoning
Traunreut
Traunstein
Trostberg
Markt
Grassau
Waging am See1
1
Verwaltungsgemeinschaften
Bergen
Marquartstein
Obing
Waging am See
Municipalities
References
Other websites
Official website (German)
Districts of Bavaria
Bisceglie

Bisceglie is an Italian city on the Adriatic Sea. Bisceglie is in the Apulia Region. It has about 55,000 people.
Cities in Apulia
Kazuo Ozaki

is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Ozaki was born in Tokyo Metropolis on March 7, 1960. After graduating from Nihon University High School, he joined Japan Soccer League club Mitsubishi Motors in 1978. In 1978, the club won all three major title in Japan; Japan Soccer League, JSL Cup and Emperor's Cup. The club also won 1980 Emperor's Cup, 1981 JSL Cup and 1982 Japan Soccer League. He was also selected "Japanese Footballer of the Year awards" in 1982.
In July 1983, Ozaki moved to Germany and joined Arminia Bielefeld. He was the second Japanese to play in the Bundesliga after Yasuhiko Okudera. In 1985, Arminia Bielefeld was relegated to 2. Bundesliga. From 1988, he played at St. Pauli (1988-89) and Dusseldorf (1989-90).
In 1990, Ozaki returned to Japan and joined Mitsubishi Motors (later Urawa Reds). He moved to Verdy Kawasaki in 1993. He retired in 1994.
In August 1979, Ozaki was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 1979 World Youth Championship. He played in 3 matches as captain. On February 8, 1981, he debuted for the Japan national team against Malaysia. He played at 1982 Asian Games. He played 17 games and scored 3 goals for Japan until 1983. After he moved to Germany in 1983, he was not selected Japan.
Statistics
|-
|1978||rowspan="6"|Mitsubishi Motors||rowspan="6"|JSL Division 1||||||||||||||||
|-
|1979||||||||||||||||
|-
|1980||||||||||||||||
|-
|1981||10||5||||||||||10||5
|-
|1982||18||8||2||2||2||3||22||13
|-
|1983||10||4||0||0||0||0||10||4
|-
|1983/84||rowspan="5"|Arminia Bielefeld||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||33||5||2||1||colspan="2"|-||35||6
|-
|1984/85||23||4||1||1||colspan="2"|-||24||5
|-
|1985/86||rowspan="3"|2. Bundesliga||28||3||1||0||colspan="2"|-||29||3
|-
|1986/87||13||3||1||0||colspan="2"|-||14||3
|-
|1987/88||16||3||1||0||colspan="2"|-||17||3
|-
|1988/89||St. Pauli||Bundesliga||6||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0
|-
|1989/90||Dusseldorf||||||||||||||||||
|-
|1990/91||rowspan="2"|Mitsubishi Motors||rowspan="2"|JSL Division 1||6||1||2||3||0||0||8||4
|-
|1991/92||9||1||||||1||0||10||1
|-
|1992||Urawa Reds||J1 League||colspan="2"|-||2||0||4||1||6||1
|-
|1993||rowspan="2"|Verdy Kawasaki||rowspan="2"|J1 League||2||0||0||0||0||0||2||0
|-
|1994||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
80||20||6||5||7||4||93||29
119||18||6||2||colspan="2"|-||125||20
199||38||12||7||7||4||218||49
|}
|-
|1981||9||2
|-
|1982||7||1
|-
|1983||1||0
|-
!Total||17||3
|}
References
Other websites
1960 births
Living people
Footballers from Tokyo Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
Japan Soccer League players
Urawa Red Diamonds players
Tokyo Verdy players
Priscilla Moran

Priscilla Moran (born 23 November 1917 - November 11, 2006) was an American movie actress. She made her movie debut in 1927, and retired from the silver screen in 1937 at the age of 20. She appeared in fourteen silent movies. Moran is known for her roles in No Babies Wanted and in Up the Ladder.
References
Other websites
1917 births
2006 deaths
American silent movie actors
Mariology

Mariology is the theological study of Mary, the mother of Jesus. The goal is to relate doctrine or dogma about Mary to other doctrines of the faith, such as redemption, intercession and grace.
References
Christian terminology
Harry D. Train II

Harry Depue Train II (born November 5, 1927) is a retired United States Navy admiral and a Senior Fellow at the Joint Advanced Warfighting School at the Joint Forces Staff College in Norfolk, Virginia.
Awards and decorations
References
Other websites
Profiles at SourceWatch
1927 births
Living people
American military personnel of the Korean War
Military people from Washington, D.C.
Eddie Hassell

Eddie Hassell (July 16, 1990 - November 1, 2020) was an American actor. He was born in Corsicana, Texas. His career began in 2003 and began as a child actor. He was best known for his role as Clay in The Kids Are All Right (2010). He also starred as Phil Nance in ten episodes of the television series Surface.
Hassell died on November 1, 2020 in Grand Prairie, Texas, after being shot in the stomach, aged 30.
References
Other websites
1990 births
2020 deaths
Murders by firearm in Texas
American movie actors
American television actors
American child actors
Actors from Texas
American murder victims
Brad Raffensperger

Bradford Jay Raffensperger (born May 18, 1955) is an American politician, businessman, and civil engineer. He is a Republican. He is the Secretary of State of Georgia since 2019. He was in the Georgia House of Representatives.
Around January 3, 2021, a scandal which had Donald Trump try to push Raffensperger to "find more votes" to make Trump the winner in Georgia over the actual winner Joe Biden.
References
1955 births
Living people
State legislators of the United States
Politicians from Georgia (U.S. state)
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Donald Trump
Businesspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia State University alumni
Denial Bay

Denial Bay is the name for both a small bay on the coast of South Australia, and a small fishing town built at the bay. The bay was named by explorer Matthew Flinders on 7 February 1802. Flinders had hoped that bay was bigger and would have provided better access into the inland of South Australia. One of the first European settlers was a sheep farmer, William McKenzie, who built a house in the area in 1889. The town was known as Mac's Town, and in 1910 the government officially named it McKenzie. In 1940 it was named Denial Bay.
References
Towns in South Australia
Bays of Australia
1889 establishments in Australia
Saint-Pierre-de-Mailloc

Saint-Pierre-de-Mailloc is a former commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Valorbiquet.
References
Former communes in Calvados
DNS hijacking

The Domain Name System is a way to map a domain name to an IP address. DNS hijacking, DNS poisoning, and DNS redirection are names for changing this mapping. Usually, this is done by pointing to a different name server. This name server will then return a different IP address for the domain.
Hackers use this, for example for phishing, or to show advertisments. The government also uses it sometimes: accessing certain domains may be illegal, in certain countries. Using this technique, the government can require internet service providers to block such domains.
If the government says that certain domains must no longer be accessible, this is a form of censorship.
How it works
When the DNS server has no entry for a domain, it will return an NXDOMAIN respone. The government could therefore require ISPs to return NXDOMAIN responses for the domains that are forbidden.
The DNS server operated by the ISP or by hackers could send the user to a page where adverts are shown, were statistics can be collected, or other things can be done.
There's also a different problem: Most web applications rely on the fact that they get an NXDOMAIN response for domains that do not exist. If they now get a valid page (for example with advertisments), this breaks the appliction.
What can be done against it
One way to overcome this problem is to use Domain Name System Security Extensions, often shorened to DNSSec. DNSSec is an extennsion of DN which uses asymmetric cryptography, and digital signatures for DNS entries. In practice, this makes it impossible to change the entry of the DNS record.
Response
ICANN, the international body responsible for administering top-level domain names, has published a memorandum highlighting its concerns, and affirming:
References
Internet security
Domain Name System
Dorothea Dix

Dorothea Lynde Dix (April 4, 1802July 17, 1887) was an American reformer during the Antebellum Period. She advocated for improved treatment of prisoners and the mentally ill. She was mainly concerned with the inhumane conditions faced by these groups. Her efforts led to many states taking steps to address this issue, with some building new facilities and some improving existing ones.
People from Massachusetts
American activists
1802 births
1887 deaths
Strömsholm

Stromsholm is a locality in Hallstahammar Municipality in Vastmanland County in Sweden. In 2010, 664 people lived there.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Vastmanland County