pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Chillán

Chillan is a city and commune of the central south of Chile. It has a population of 161.953 people (2002 census). the city was founded in 1580 as San Bartolome de Chillan. It is the capital of the Nuble Region.
References
Other websites
Chillan's official website
Cities in Chile
Clarice Taylor

Clarice Taylor (September 20, 1917 - May 30, 2011) was an American stage, movie and television actress. She was known for her television role as Anna Huxtable in The Cosby Show. She died from heart failure, aged 93.
References
Other websites
1917 births
2011 deaths
Deaths from heart failure
American stage actors
American television actors
American movie actors
African American actors
Actors from Virginia
Actors from New York City
Khamis Al-Owairan

Khamis Al-Owairan Al-Dosari (; 8 September 1973 - 7 January 2020) was a Saudi Arabian footballer. He played as a midfielder.
Al-Dosari was born in Riyadh. He played most of his career for Al-Hilal and Al-Ittihad. He also played for the Saudi Arabia national team and was a squad member at the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 1998 and 2002 FIFA World Cup.
Al-Dosari died of brain cancer on 7 January 2020. He was 46.
References
Other websites
1973 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from brain cancer
People from Riyadh
Saudi Arabian footballers
1996 Summer Olympics
1998 FIFA World Cup players
2002 FIFA World Cup players
A Lesson in History

A Lesson in History () is a 1957 Soviet-Bulgarian drama movie directed by Lev Arnshtam. It stars Stefan Savov, Tzvetana Arnaudova, and Ivan Tonev.
Actors
Stefan Savov - Georgi Dimitrov
Tzvetana Arnaudova - Paraskeva Dimitrova
Ivan Tonev - Stefcho
Gennadi Yudin - Heinrich Lange
Borya Burlyaev - Vili Lange
Apollon Yachnitskiy - Hitler
Yuri Averin - Gyoring
References
Other websites
1957 drama movies
Russian drama movies
Soviet drama movies
Bulgarian movies
Movies directed by Mikhail Romm
Movies directed by Lev Arnshtam
Movies directed by Hristo Piskov
Marmagne, Cher

Marmagne is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Cher department in central France. In 2020, 1,916 people lived there.
References
Communes in Cher
Laelaps (mite)

Laelaps is a common parasitic mites in the family Laelapidae. Species, with their hosts, include:
Laelaps acuminata - Oecomys
Laelaps agilis - Rattus
Laelaps alaskensis - Blarina, Dicrostonyx, Lemmiscus, Lemmus, Microtus, Mustela, Myodes, Myotis, Napaeozapus, Ochrotomys, Ondatra, Onychomys, Parascalops, Peromyscus, Phenacomys, Poliocitellus, Sorex, Synaptomys, Thomomys
Laelaps boultoni - Neacomys, Sigmodon, Oligoryzomys, Oecomys, Heteromys
Laelaps castroi - Oligoryzomys
Laelaps clethrionomydis - Microtus, Myodes
Laelaps conula - Rhipidomys
Laelaps crinigera - Oryzomyini
Laelaps dearmasi - Zygodontomys
Laelaps differens
Laelaps echidnina - Rattus, Didelphis, Sigmodon, Mus, Peromyscus, Sylvilagus
Laelaps evansi - Neofiber
Laelaps exceptionalis - "wild rat"
Laelaps flexa - Microryzomys
Laelaps giganteus - Lemniscomys
Laelaps incilis - Microtus, Neotamias, Peromyscus
Laelaps kochi - Blarina, Corynorhinus, Dicrostonyx, Dipodomys, Glaucomys, Microtus, Mustela, Myodes, Napaeozapus, Neotamias, Neovison, Neurotrichus, Ondatra, Peromyscus, Phenacomys, Sigmodon, Sorex, Synaptomys, Tamias, Zapus
Laelaps lavieri - Mus
Laelaps lemmi - Lemmus
Laelaps liberiensis - Mastomys
Laelaps manguinhosi - Holochilus, Nectomys, Neusticomys, and various other mammals
Laelaps mazzai - Calomys, Oligoryzomys
Laelaps multispinosa - Castor, Didelphis, Microtus, Mustela, Neovison, Ondatra, Peromyscus, Procyon
Laelaps muricola - Mastomys
Laelaps muris - Microtus, Ondatra
Laelaps navasi - Oryzomyini
Laelaps nuttalli - Mus, Ochrotomys, Peromyscus, Rattus, Sciurus
Laelaps ovata - Nephelomys
Laelaps paulistanensis - Rhipidomys, Oryzomyini
Laelaps pilifer - Oryzomyini
Laelaps spicata - Oryzomyini
Laelaps stupkai - Synaptomys
Laelaps surcomata - Rhipidomys
Laelaps thori
References
Literature cited
Furman, D.P. 1972. Laelapid mites (Laelapidae: Laelapinae) from Venezuela. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin 17(3):1-58.
Morlan, H.B. 1952. Host relationships and seasonal abundance of some Southwest Georgia ectoparasites (subscription required). American Midland Naturalist 48(1):74-93.
Stanley, W.T., Rogers, M.A., Senzota, R.B.M., Mturi, F.A., Kihaule, P.M., Moehlman, P.D. and O'Connor, B.M. 2007. Surveys of small mammals in Tarangire National Park, Tanzania. Journal of East African Natural History 96(1):47-71.
Whitaker, J.O. and Wilson, N. 1974. Host and distribution lists of mites (Acari), parasitic and phoretic, in the hair of wild mammals of North America, north of Mexico (subscription required). American Midland Naturalist 91(1):1-67.
Whitaker, J.O., Walters, B.L., Castor, L.K., Ritzi, C.M. and Wilson, N. 2007. Host and distribution lists of mites (Acari), parasitic and phoretic, in the hair or on the skin of North American wild mammals north of Mexico: records since 1974. Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 1:1-173.
Worth, C.B. 1950. Observations on ectoparasites of some small mammals in Everglades National Park and Hillsborough County, Florida (subscription required). The Journal of Parasitology 36(4):326-335.
Parasites
Arachnids
A.k.a. Cartoon

a.k.a. Cartoon is a Canadian animation studio located in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It was founded on April 1, 1994, by Danny Antonucci.
Filmography
Television series
Television pilots
Television films and specials
References
Other websites
Animation by Mistake official website. Archived from the original on June 4, 2004.
A.k.a Cartoons on Internet Movie Database
Canadian animation studios
1994 establishments in Canada
Necklace

A necklace is a jewellery item worn round the neck. It is of ancient origin: all civilisations have worn them. They usually figure precious metals and jewels, but may be made of colourful beads.
The Indore necklace
The emeralds threaded onto the necklace were mined in Colombia. The diamonds were mined in India. The necklace's gemstones are believed to have been cut in India in the 17th century, but the early history of the necklace itself is unknown. The first recorded owner of the piece was Tukoji Rao III, Maharaja of Indore (a Princely State in India) in the early 20th century. On his abdication, the necklace was passed to his son, Yashvantrao II, who took up his father's throne. The necklace is sometimes called, though with no reason, the Spanish Inquisition necklace.
Gallery
References
Jewelry
Peridotite

A peridotite is a hard and rough igneous rock, made up mostly of the minerals olivine and pyroxene. It is named for Peridot.
Igneous rocks
N'Golo Kanté

N'Golo Kante (; born 29 March 1991) is a French football player. He plays for both Chelsea Football Club and the French national team.
He made his name in the English Premier League with Leicester City. They won the league on 2015/16, largely because his tackles in midfield and passes to Jamie Vardy created so many goals.
Chelsea bought him next year (2016/17) for PS32 million, and they also won the league that year. Since then opposing sides have adjusted to his particular skills, and he has been somewhat less successful. Nevertheless, his performance has been extraordinary as a midfielder only 5'6" tall in an era where most defenders are much taller.
Kante made his senior international debut for France in 2016. In 2017 Kante was named the French Player of the Year, a first for a player from the Premier League in seven years. 12 months later he was a key member of the 2018 FIFA World Cup winning squad.
Personal life
Kante's parents moved to France in 1980 from the African country of Mali 11 years before his birth.
References
1991 births
Footballers from Paris
Chelsea F.C. players
UEFA Euro 2016 players
2018 FIFA World Cup players
Living people
Restauradores (Lisbon Metro)

Restauradores station is on the Blue Line of the Lisbon Metro.
Lisbon Metro stations
Saint-Léon, Allier

Saint-Leon is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
Spaghettieis

Spaghettieis, or spaghetti ice cream, is a German ice cream dish. It is made to look like a plate of spaghetti.
Spaghettieis was created by Dario Fontanella in the late 1960s in Mannheim, Germany.
References
German food
Ice cream
NIK (band)

NIK (; short for Nippon and Korea, also known as New Inspire Kindle) is a Japanese-South Korean boy band formed through the global idol project G-EGG. The group consisted of 11 Japanese and Korean members: Gunmin, Hyeonsu, Fumiya, Ryuta, Yunsol, Taehoon, Kogun, Ryo, Parkha, Taichi and Hinata. The members are former Idol boy band members and current boy band members. The final line up was revealed on August 29, 2020. They officially debuted in Korea on September 27, 2021, with the single "Santa Monica".
Singles
References
Tulu Nadu

Tulu Nadu, also called as Tulunaad, is a region on the southwestern coast of India. The Tulu people, known as 'Tuluva' (plural 'Tuluver'), speakers of Tulu, a Dravidian language, are the preponderant ethnic group of this region. South Canara, an erstwhile district and a historical area, encompassing the undivided territory of the contemporary Udupi, Dakshina Kannada, and Kasaragod districts, forms the cultural area of the Tuluver.
Historically, Tulu Nadu lay between the Gangavali River (Uttara Kannada district) in the north and the Chandragiri River (Kasaragod taluka) in the south. Currently, Tulu Nadu consists of the Udupi and Dakshina Kannada districts of Karnataka, and the northern parts of the Kasaragod district of Kerala up to the Chandragiri River.
This region is not an official administrative entity. However, the Tulu Nadu state movement has been gaining momentum since the Indian States Reorganisation Act, 1956.
Mangalore, the second largest and a major city of Karnataka, is the chief and largest city of Tulu Nadu. Udupi, Kasaragod and Puttur are the other major cities of this region.
References
James T. Butts Jr.

James Thurman Butts Jr. (born August 1, 1953) is an American politician. He is currently the mayor of Inglewood, California. He started out in law enforcement in Inglewood during the 1970s and 1980s, and later became a captain. He worked as Chief of Police in Santa Monica, California from 1991 to 2006. After that, in 2006, he worked in public safety with Los Angeles World Airports. In 2010 he was elected mayor of Inglewood. In 2014 he was re-elected with an 84% vote. He led efforts to renovate and reopen the sports stadium The Forum in Inglewood. He also worked to develop a plan for a new NFL stadium in Inglewood. Butts holds an MBA degree from California State Polytechnic University, Pomona. He also holds a Bachelor of Science from California State University, Los Angeles.
References
Pages needing to be simplified from November 2017
1953 births
African American politicians
American mayors
American police officers
Politicians from California
People from Inglewood, California
Living people
Karl Vaino

Karl Genrikhovich Vaino (; ; born Kirill Voinov; 28 May 1923 - 12 February 2022) was an Estonian SSR politician. From 1978 to 1988, he was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Estonia.
References
1923 births
2022 deaths
Estonian politicians
Captain America

Captain America is a fictional superhero from the Marvel Comics. He made his first appearance in the comic book Captain America Comics #1 in 1941. He wears a suit that has a white star on his chest with 2 stripes (still white) on each side next to the star. His suit is blue. He also has an indestructible shield with a bullseye and a star on the front of it. He is also known as his alter ego Steve Rogers. Captain America had a sidekick (friend), Bucky who later became the Winter Soldier, is a very good fighter, both hand-to-hand and using his guns to take care of his enemies easily. Captain America has an nemesis called Red Skull. He later joins a team called the Avengers to help protect the world.
Power and abilities
Captain America has superhuman strength, superhuman stamina, and can live without eating, sleeping and resting.
Film and TV
He first appeared in the serial (film) Captain America, which was from 1940.
He appears in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, played by Chris Evans. He was in Captain America: The First Avenger (2011), Captain America: The Winter Soldier (2014) and Captain America: Civil War (2016), as well as Marvel's The Avengers (2012), and Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), Avengers: Infinity War (2018), and Avengers: Endgame (2019).
In Real Life
In 1966, Joe Simon (one of the people who helped make Captain America) sued Marvel, saying that he was the one who should be able to use the character, not them. It was agreed that Captain America was made under the publisher's rules, and belonged to them. This meant that Marvel won.
References
Comic books
Fictional characters introduced in 1941
Marvel Comics adapted into movies
Avengers (comics) characters
Marvel vs. Capcom fighters
Fictional American people
Leneen Forde

Mary Marguerite "Leneen" Forde (born 12 May 1935) is an Canadian-born Australian educator and politician. She was a former Chancellor of Griffith University. She served as the 22nd Governor of Queensland from 1992 until 1997.
References
1935 births
Living people
Australian educators
Canadian educators
Governors of Queensland
Politicians from Ontario
People from Ottawa
Dee Dee Davis

Dee Dee Davis (born April 17, 1996) is an American actor, voice talent and comedienne. She was born in Culver City, California.
1996 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Culver City, California
Comedians from Los Angeles County, California
Actors from Illinois
Comedians from Illinois
People from Olympia Fields, Illinois
Ryan White (ice hockey)

Ryan White (born March 17, 1988) is a retired Canadian professional ice hockey center who previously played for the Montreal Canadiens, Philadelphia Flyers, Arizona Coyotes and Minnesota Wild of the National Hockey League (NHL).
Playing career
White spent four seasons, from 2004-05 to 2007-08, in the Western Hockey League with the Calgary Hitmen. He was drafted by the Montreal Canadiens in the third round, 66th overall, in the 2006 NHL Entry Draft. Following his WHL career, White was assigned to the Canadiens' minor league affiliate, the Hamilton Bulldogs of the American Hockey League (AHL), where he recorded 29 points in 80 games as a rookie in 2008-09.
White made his NHL debut in a call-up with the Montreal Canadiens on November 5, 2009 against the Boston Bruins, recording an assist. He was called up once again for a game against the Ottawa Senators the following month on December 8. White played the entirety of the first period before being pulled from the game after the NHL noticed he was playing, despite the Canadiens not having properly reported his call-up to the league before the 5 p.m. deadline.
Career statistics
References
Other websites
1988 births
Arizona Coyotes
Calgary Hitmen players
Canadian ice hockey centres
Ice hockey people from Manitoba
Living people
Montreal Canadiens players
Minnesota Wild players
Philadelphia Flyers players
American Hockey League players
Kazi Hayat

Kazi Hayat is a Bangladeshi movie director, producer, screenwriter, script writer, story writer, dialogue writer and actor.
Hayat won the Bangladesh National Film Award eight times - Best Story for Dayi Ke (1987), Best Dialogue and Best Screenplay for Traas (1992), Best Story for Chandabaz (1993), Best Director and Best Screenplay for Desh Premik (1994), Best Cinematography for Ammajan (1999), and Best Director for Itihas (2002).
References
Other websites
Living people
Bangladeshi movie directors
Recipients of Bangladesh National Film Awards
1948 births
The Frigid Sea

The Frigid Sea () is a 1954 Soviet drama movie directed by Yuri Yegorov. It stars Nikolay Kryuchkov, Valentin Grachyov, and Gennadi Yudin.
Actors
Nikolay Kryuchkov as Aleksey Khimkov
Valentin Grachyov as Vanya Khimkov, his son (as Valya Grachyov)
Gennadi Yudin as Crewman Stepan Shaparov
Elza Lezhdey as Varvara
Mark Bernes as Okladnikov
Aleksandr Pelevin as Vernizobar
References
Other websites
1954 drama movies
Soviet drama movies
Movies directed by Yuri Yegorov
Lubumbashi

Lubumbashi is the second largest city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is the capital of Katanga Province. It is named for a small river.
References
Settlements in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Cities in Africa
Danuta Wałęsa

Miroslawa Danuta Walesa (nee Golos; born 25 February 1949) is a Polish political activist. She is the wife of the former President of Poland Lech Walesa. In 1983 she accepted the Nobel Peace Prize in Oslo, Norway on behalf of her husband. From 1990 until 1995, she was the First Lady of Poland.
Lech and Danuta have been married since 8 November 1969. They have eight children.
References
1949 births
Living people
First Ladies of Poland
Polish activists
Eleanor of Provence

Eleanore of Provence (c. 1223 - 26 June 1291) was the Queen Consort of King Henry III of England.
1223 births
1291 deaths
Kings and Queens consort of England
The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life

The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life is a 1956 sociological book by Erving Goffman. In the book, he uses imagery of theatre to show the importance of human social interaction. This became known as Goffman's dramaturgical analysis. It was first published in Scotland in 1956, and the United States in 1959. It was Goffman's first book, and won him the American Sociological Association's MacIver award in 1961. In 1998, the International Sociological Association listed the work as the tenth most important sociological book of the 20th century.
The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life was the first sociological book to study face-to-face interaction. Goffman uses examples from theatrical performances and shows how they are like everyday conversations. He believed that people would try to change what others thought of them whenever they spoke to somebody else. At the same time, the other person does the same. Another thing that is in the book many times is the idea that making sure everyone in a room has the same definition of the situation is important for interactions.
References
Other websites
1956 books
Sociology
Science books
Superman and Batman

Superman and Batman (also known as Batman and Superman) is a the fictional two superheroes characters, meet for the first time in debut 1939, from the DC Comics, all comics such as Action Comics, Superman, Detective Comics, Batman, Batman and Robin and World's Finest Comics, created by Joe Shuster, Jerry Siegel, Bob Kane and Bill Finger, co-producers by Harry Donenfeld and Jack Liebowitz.
DC Comics the hero's journey characters including Superman and Batman, my sidekick as Robin, my best friends Lois Lane, Supergirl, Batgirl and many others, and locations Metropolis and Gotham City, and from the clutches of the evil Lex Luthor and the evil Joker, and all supervillains Catwoman, Mr. Mxyzpltk and others.
Appearances
The appeared together in a number of works, including:
Superman and Batman, all longest-running franchises (since 1938 and since 1939)
The Batman/Superman Hour, animated television series from 1968 to 1969
The Superman/Batman Adventures, 1995 television series
The New Batman/Superman Adventures, 1997 television series
World's Finest, 2004 fan film
World's Finest Comics featuring Superman and Batman (commonly known as Batman and Superman), comic series from 1941 to 1986
Superman and Batman versus Aliens and Predator, two-part comic series from 2007
Superman/Batman, comic series that lasted from 2003 to 2011
Superman & Batman: Generations, comic series that lasted from 1999 to 2004
Superman and Batman: World's Funnest, comic book from 2000
Batman/Superman/Wonder Woman: Trinity, comic series from 2003
Trinity, comic series from 2008 to 2018
The Batman/Superman Movie: World's Finest, 1997 direct-to-video film based on the comic series
Superman/Batman: Public Enemies, 2009 direct-to-video film based on the comic series
Superman/Batman: Apocalypse, 2010 direct-to-video sequel based on the comic series
Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, 2016 film directed by Zack Snyder
1939 establishments in the United States
DC Comics superheroes
Fictional business executives
The Buccaneers (TV series)

The Buccaneers is a British adventure drama television series. It aired on ITV in the United Kingdom, CBS in the United States. There were 39 episodes that ran from 19 September, 1956 to 12 June, 1957. It starred Robert Shaw, Peter Hammond, Brain Rawlinson, Paul Hansard, Edwin Richfield, Neil Hallett, Willoughby Gray, Alec Mango.
Other websites
Screen Online
CTA information
ITV television programmes
CBS network shows
1950s television series
1956 television series debuts
1957 television series endings
English-language television programs
Cyril Ramaphosa

Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa (born 17 November 1952) is a South African politician. He is the 5th and current President of South Africa since the resignation of Jacob Zuma on 14 February 2018.
Ramaphosa was an anti-apartheid activist, trade union leader and businessman. Ramaphosa served as Deputy President of South Africa under Zuma from 2014 to 2018. He was elected as President of the African National Congress (ANC) at the ANC National Conference in Nasrec, South of Johannesburg in December 2017.
On February 10, 2020, Ramaphosa became Chairperson of the African Union.
References
1952 births
Living people
Presidents of South Africa
South African businesspeople
African Union chairpersons
South African activists
Current national leaders
Mangla Dam

The Mangla Dam () in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan is the twelfth largest dam in the world. It is the second largest earth filled dam after Tarbela Dam. The dam was built in 1967 with funding from the World Bank.
Other websites
Pictures - Mangla Dam
Site of Jhelum where Mangla Dam is located
Dams in Asia
Buildings and structures in Pakistan
Hydropower
1967 establishments in Asia
1960s establishments in Pakistan
Early to Bed (1941 movie)

Early to Bed is a 1941 Donald Duck animated short film. It was released on July 11, 1941, by RKO Radio Pictures.
Voice cast
Clarence Nash as Donald Duck
Television
Good Morning, Mickey, episode #55
Mickey's Mouse Tracks, episode #29
Donald's Quack Attack, episode #17
Home media
The short was released on May 18, 2004 on Walt Disney Treasures: The Chronological Donald, Volume One: 1934-1941.
Additional releases include:
Have a Laugh!: Volume 2
References
Other websites
Rinard, Iowa

Rinard is a city in Iowa in the United States. The had had about 72 inhabitants as of 2000. In 2000, there were 28 households counted in Rinard.
References
Cities in Iowa
Musical form

The term musical form can have two meanings:
It can mean: the kind of composition. For example, a musical work can be a symphony, a concerto, a sonata etc. This is more often called "musical genre". The word showing the musical genre will show things such as: whether the music is for an orchestra to play and whether or not there is a soloist as well, or whether it is a piece for one instrument on its own. It may give an idea of whether it is likely to be a long piece or a short piece, or whether it has several movements.
It can also mean: the shape of the music and how it is planned. The form of a piece of music may, for example, be an "ABA" form, which means that there is the first part of the piece (which we can call part "A"), then something different happens (which we can call part "B"), and finally part "A" comes back again. There are many other ways of planning a piece of music, e.g. in jazz there is the twelve bar blues (in which the music is based on a repeated pattern of chords that last 12 bars, or in classical music there is sonata form which can often be the plan of a movement lasting anything from five minutes (as in the early Classical symphonies) to half an hour (as in some of Mahler's symphonies).
Musical forms
Riihimäki

Riihimaki is a town in Finland. It locates 70 km from Helsinki to north. As of 31 August 2013, almost 30,000 people lived there. Nearby municipalities include Janakkala, Hausjarvi, Hyvinkaa, and Loppi.
History
Riihimaki's population center grew around railwaystation. Riihimaki railway station is one of the 1862 opened Helsinki-Hameenlinna railways stations. Story tolds that this not dense populated area was simply named by the kiln what was upon a hill.
Other websites
Community website
Towns in Finland
Municipalities of Kanta-Hame
Trinity Church, Worms

The Holy Trinity Church, also called the Reformation Memorial Church of the Holy Trinity) () is the largest Protestant church in Worms, Germany. It was built between 1701 and 1717. The baroque hall building is centrally located on the market square and is very close to the cathedral.
References
Buildings and structures in Rhineland-Palatinate
Protestant churches in Germany
Worms, Germany
18th-century buildings and structures
Villafranca Piemonte

Villafranca Piemonte is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Piedmont region in Italy. It is about 35 km southwest of Turin.
Villafranca Piemonte is next to these municipalities: Barge, Carde, Cavour, Faule, Moretta, Pancalieri and Vigone.
Twin towns
Villafranca Piemonte is twinned with:
Belhomert-Guehouville, France
El Trebol, Argentina
Saint-Maurice-Saint-Germain, France
References
Settlements in Piedmont
Spavinaw, Oklahoma

Spavinaw is a town in Mayes County, Oklahoma, United States. According to 2010 census, there were 437 people living there. It was lower by 22.4 percent from 563 at the 2000 census. Baseball player Mickey Mantle was born here.
References
Towns in Oklahoma
Jacob Grimm

Jacob Ludwig Karl Grimm (4 January 1785 - 20 September 1863), also known as Ludwig Karl, was a German philologist, jurist, and mythologist. He was the discoverer of Grimm's law of linguistics. He was the co-author of the Deutsches Worterbuch, the author of Deutsche Mythologie, and the editor of Grimm's Fairy Tales.
He was the older brother of Wilhelm Grimm, of the literary duo the Brothers Grimm.
Jacob Grimm died on 20 September 1863, in Berlin, Germany from disease
References
1785 births
1863 deaths
Writers from Hesse
Scientists from Hesse
John Connelly

John Michael Connelly (18 July 1938 - 25 October 2012) was an English footballer. He played as an outside forward.
Connelly died at home on 25 October 2012, at the age of 74.
Honours
Club
Burnley
First Division: 1959-60
FA Cup: 1961-62 (Runner-up)
Manchester United
First Division: 1964-65
International
FIFA World Cup: 1966
References
1938 births
2012 deaths
English footballers
Manchester United F.C. players
1962 FIFA World Cup players
1966 FIFA World Cup players
Sportspeople from Merseyside
Parity

In physics, parity is a transformation in which the mirror image of a system (meaning experiment) is considered. If the system behaves in the mirror image as it normally would, it is said to respect parity symmetry, usually shortened to "P symmetry." Most types of physics respects P symmetry. One type of interaction that often does not respect this symmetry is the weak interaction.
Quantum mechanics
Symmetry
Nuclear physics
Conservation
Atomic radius

The atomic radius of an element is the distance between the nucleus and the edge of the electron cloud.
The atomic radius is rather hard to define, because it is impossible to know where all of the electrons are at a given time.
In the periodic table of the elements, the atomic radius tends to increase as you move down a group because the number of electrons is greater, and so the radius of the circle of electrons in the element is bigger. As you move to the right across a period, the atomic radius tends to decrease due to the shielding effect.
Nuclear physics
George Meredith

George Meredith (12 February 1828 18 May 1909) was a Victorian poet and novelist who wrote about Women's rights and was known for his theories about comedy.
1828 births
1909 deaths
British poets
Isernia

Isernia is a comune in Molise, Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Isernia. In 2019, about 21,594 people lived there.
Cities and towns in Molise
Capital cities in Italy
Hwang Kyo-ahn

Hwang Kyo-ahn (, Hanja: Huang Jiao An , RR: Hwang Gyo-an; born 15 April 1957) is a South Korean politician and lawyer. He was the 44th Prime Minister of South Korea from 18 June 2015 to 11 May 2017. He was the Justice Minister.
Hwang was the Acting President of South Korea after the impeachment and removal of President Park Geun-hye on 10 March 2017, until the election of Moon Jae-in on 9 May 2017.
References
1957 births
Living people
Presidents of South Korea
South Korean lawyers
Prime Ministers of South Korea
Agly

The Agly River (, ) is a river in southern France. It flows mostly to the southeast through the Plain of Roussillon, in the region of Occitanie. It ends in the Mediterranean Sea.
On its way to the Mediterranean Sea, it flows through the departments of Aude and Pyrenees-Orientales.
Geography
The Agly river is long. Its source is on the Pass of Linas, to the northeast of the Pech de Bugarach, the highest of the Corbieres mountains, departments of Aude, at an elevation of .
It then goes into the Pyrenees-Orientales by the gorges of Galamus and flows into the Mediterranean Sea south of Barcares.
There is a dam on the Agly river, on Caramany, Pyrenees-Orientales; it was built to prevent floods and to store water.
Hydrology
The Agly is a very irregular small river. Its flow was observed over a period of 42 years (1967-2008) in Estagel about twenty kilometers from its mouth and after receiving the waters of its tributary Verdouble.
The discharge of the river at this location is per second.
The Agly shows typical seasonal fluctuations like other small rivers in southern France. The highest levels of the river are in winter and spring, from December to May inclusive, with the highest level in February. They are followed by a rapid fall in the flow during the low water period that goes from late June to early October.
Tributaries
The Angly has 19 tributaries; the main ones are:
Right tributaries:
Boulzane,
Desix,
Left tributaries
Maury,
Verdouble,
Robou,
Departments and towns along the river
Aude : Camps-sur-l'Agly
Pyrenees-Orientales : Saint-Paul-de-Fenouillet, Ansignan, Caramany, Latour-de-France, Estagel, Cases-de-Pene, Espira-de-l'Agly, Rivesaltes, Claira, Saint-Laurent-de-la-Salanque, Torreilles
Landmarks
Dam (and lake) at Caramany
Gorges de Galamus, a narrow canyon made by the Agly river
Roman aqueduct at Ansignan
Gallery
References
Other websites
Station: Y0664060, Option: Synthese
Rivers of Pyrenees-Orientales
Fléchin

Flechin is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
List of prime ministers of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

This article lists the prime ministers of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Prime ministers of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1994-present)
Other websites
World Statesmen - Federation of Bosnia-Hercegovina
Bosnia
Prime ministers
Great Henny

Great Henny is a village and civil parish in Braintree district, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 126 people living in Great Henny.
References
Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
Systema Naturae

Systema Naturae (sometimes written ) is the main work of Carl Linnaeus, where he listed and classified the known species of plants, animals, and minerals. The first edition was only made of seven sheets of folio.
References
Taxonomy
18th-century books
Biology books
Decade

A decade (pronunciation: DEK-aid) is a period of 10 years. The word comes from the Ancient Greek word for ten: "deka". 10 decades make a century, while 100 decades make a millennium. A decade is any 10-year period: There are different ways to refer to different groupings of ten years. For example, the period from 2001 to 2010 can be described as the 1st decade of the 21st century, the period from 2011 to 2020 is the 2nd decade of the 21st century, and the 3rd decade of the 21st century is the period from 2021 to 2030. An individual who has been alive two full decades is referred to as being in their 20s for the next decade of their life, from age 20 to 29. Decades are also considered specific groups of ten years sharing the same tens digit, identified by name, as in the nineteen-eighties (1980s) referring to the period from 1980 to 1989 and the nineteen-nineties (1990s) referring to the period from 1990 to 1999. Sometimes this is shortened to just the decade, where the context is clear, as in the eighties (80s) or the nineties (90s). No apostrophe is used before the s in the names of these decades.
Some decades also have nicknames, such as the Roaring Twenties (1920s), the Naughty Nineties (1890s) (UK), and the Swinging Sixties (1960s).
Units of time
Net worth

Net worth is the amount of all the non-financial or financial money owned by an institution or person. Net worth can apply to companies, individuals, governments or economic sectors such as the sector of financial corporations or to entire countries.
References
Money
Sadiq Sanjrani

Muhammad Sadiq Sanjrani (; born 14 April 1978) is a Pakistani politician. He is the 8th and current Chairman of the Senate of Pakistan. He took his oath of office as Member and Chairman of the Senate of Pakistan on 12 March 2018.
References
Living people
1978 births
Chairmen of the Senate of Pakistan
Politicians from Balochistan (Pakistan)
W. Brantley Harvey Jr.

William Brantley Harvey Jr. (August 14, 1930 - December 12, 2018) was an American lawyer and politician. He was elected to the South Carolina House of Representatives as a Democrat in 1958, and served until 1975, when he was installed as Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina. He served in that position until 1983.
Harvey later served on the South Carolina Commission of Parks, Recreation and Tourism, as well as the South Carolina Department of Transportation.
Harvey died on December 12, 2018 in Beaufort, South Carolina at the age of 88.
References
1930 births
2018 deaths
Lawyers from South Carolina
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Lieutenant Governors of South Carolina
Líneas Aéreas Privadas Argentinas

Lineas Aereas Privadas Argentinas (), better known by its acronym LAPA, was an Argentine airline. At its peak, it operated international flights to Atlanta, in the United States, Uruguay, and an extensive network of domestic flights throughout the country. It was the first airline to break the monopoly established by Aerolineas Argentinas and its subsidiary Austral Lineas Aereas.
On August 31, 1999, its flight 3142 with origin in Buenos Aires and destination to Cordoba, crashed and caused the death of 65 people, one of the most serious accidents in the history of Argentine aviation. The airline went bankrupt and ceased operations on April 20, 2003.
References
Other websites
LAPA Former Fleet Detail.
Transport in Argentina
Companies of Argentina
Harvey Milk

Harvey Bernard Milk (May 22, 1930 - November 27, 1978) was an American politician and a member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors. He was the first openly gay man to be elected to public office in California. He did not focus on homosexuality or gay activism at first, but did later on in his career. Milk moved from New York City to live in San Francisco in 1972. This was a time when lots of gay men moved to live in the Castro District of San Francisco. Milk became a city supervisor in 1977.
Career
Milk served 11 months in office and helped gay rights in the city. On November 27, 1978, Milk and Mayor George Moscone were assassinated (murdered) by Dan White in San Francisco. White was another city supervisor who had recently resigned but wanted his job back.
Milk became an icon in San Francisco and "a martyr for gay rights", according to University of San Francisco professor Peter Novak.
In 2002, Milk was called "the most famous and most significantly open LGBT official ever elected in the United States". Anne Kronenberg, his final campaign manager, wrote of him: "What set Harvey apart from you or me was that he was a visionary. He imagined a righteous world inside his head and then he set about to create it for real, for all of us." Milk was posthumously given the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama on August 12, 2009.
Popular quotes include "If a bullet should enter my brain, let that bullet destroy every closet door", "The fact is that more people have been slaughtered in the name of religion than for any other single reason. That, that my friends, that is true perversion!".
There has been some controversy about Milk's relation to Jim Jones, a cult leader who led the communist Peoples Temple and resulted in the deaths of over 900 people.
References
1930 births
1978 deaths
American LGBT rights activists
American murder victims
Gay Jews
Jewish activists
Jewish American LGBT people
Jewish American politicians
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LGBT politicians
Murders by firearm in the United States
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Politicians from San Francisco
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Victims of anti-LGBT hate crimes
List of Meitei scholars

This includes the list of scholars of Meitei Manipuri speaking ethnicities of Manipur, Assam and Tripura of India, Bangladesh as well as Myanmar.
A
Ananta Kumar Seram
Ananta Kumar Seram, shortly known as A.K. Seram, is a Bangladeshi Manipuri writer, journalist and social activist. He is the founder and the president of Bangladesh Manipuri Sahitya Sangsad () for the Manipuris of Bangladesh. He was also an editor of the Manipuri periodical named "Meira" (). In 2018, he received the prestigious Mahakavi Anganghal Award 2018, for his contributions to Manipuri language, literature and culture in Bangladesh.
M
Mayengbam Mohendra
Mayengbam Mohendra Kumar Singha is a Bangladeshi Manipuri social activist who is native to Habiganj District of Bangladesh. He is the son of Mayengbam Modan Mohan Singha. He completed his Graduation in Arts from Modan Mohan College, Sylhet. He was also educated in Laws from Sylhet Law College. He served in the Bangladesh Power Development Board. From 1985, he was serving as a general secretary for BAMJUS (Bangladesh Manipuri Juba Sangha, ). Jointly working with Ananta Kumar Seram, he took active participation in mobilizing the infrastructure of Bangladesh.
Mutua Bahadur
Mutua Bahadur, also known as Mutum Bahadur, is an Indian Manipuri cultural research scholar and social activist. He is the founder and the director of Mutua Museum, Imphal. He had collected many museum pieces, made archeological and allied studies in Ancient Manipur, Medieval Manipur and Modern Manipur.
T
Thokchom Jitendra
Thokchom Jitendra Kumar Singha is a Bangladeshi Manipuri social worker from Sadar, Sylhet. He has been connected with Manipuri cultural activities in Sylhet, Bangladesh. He contributed to the inter-ethnic relationship between Manipuri speaking ethnicity and the Muslim Bengali people of Bangladesh. He is native to Kewapura, Mirermoidan, Sylhet district of Bangladesh.
Th. Tarunkumar
Th. Tarunkumar is an Indian Manipuri lecturer in History and an editor of the English Weekly, Resistance, published from Imphal. His editorial publications had deeply in-sighted the neo-colonialism of Manipur in the decade of the late 1970s. Presently, he is working as a journalist, for Delhi, India. He is a resident of Keisampat, Imphal, Manipur.
References
Meitei people
Lists of Asian people
Charlotte Walker

Charlotte A. Walker (born c. 1870s - died 20th century) was a British foil fencer. She was a member of the Tassart fencing club.
Fencing career
Walker competed internationally at the 1913 Alfred Hutton Memorial Challenge Cup. After the elimination round she won her semi-final and so reached the final where she finished in 5th place. At the 1914 national fencing championships, Walker finished second, after losing in the final bout from her sister Alice Walker. Charlotte won the next national championships, after World War I, in 1920.
Personal life
Walker was born in London as the daughter of John Walker, a well known stationer in the city and was specialising in diaries. Her sister Alice (1876 - 1954), was also a fencer who also competed at the 1924 Summer Olympics. During World War I, she and her sister, worked as cooks with the French Red Cross.
References
1870s births
Year of death missing
Sportswomen
British fencers
Jackson County, Tennessee

Jackson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 11,617 people lived there. The county seat is Gainesboro.
References
Tennessee counties
Sansom Park, Texas

Sansom Park is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Cities in Texas
Settlements in Tarrant County, Texas
Ali Meshkini

Ayatollah Ali Meshkini (1922-30 July 2007) was the chairman of the Assembly of Experts of the Islamic Republic of Iran from 1984 to 2007.
Other websites
Ayatollah Meshkini In A Friday Sermon in Qom: An Islamic Rule Under Ayatollah Sistani Is Required in Iraq , video clip, 2004
Iranian Islamic religious leaders
1922 births
2007 deaths
Legislative speakers
Malay-le-Grand

Malay-le-Grand is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Louisa Nécib

Louisa Necib (born 23 January 1987 in Marseille, France, also called Ziza) is a retired French association football player. She is of Algerian descent. Necib played for Olympique Lyonnais for most of her career. She was often compared to the great French player, Zinedine Zidane.
Personal life
She was born in Marseille, Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, France on 23 January 1987 to Algerian parents. She was raised in Busserine, a quarter in the Northern part of Marseille. She loved football at a young age. Before that, she was a gymnast. After joining Olympique Lyonnais in 2007, she went to Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, a university in Marseille. She wanted to study "Science and Technology of Sport and Physical Activity."
Career
International
Honours
Club
Celtic Marseille
Division 3 Feminine (1): 2003-04
Montpellier
Challenge de France (1): 2006-07
Lyon
Division 1 Feminine (9): 2007-08, 2008-09, 2009-10, 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13, 2013-14, 2014-15, 2015-16
Coupe de France Feminine (6): 2007-08, 2011-12, 2012-13, 2013-14, 2014-15, 2015-16
UEFA Women's Champions League (3): 2010-11, 2011-12, 2015-16
International Women's Club Championship (1): 2012
Valais Cup (1): 2014
International
France
Cyprus Cup (2): 2012, 2014
Individual
UNFP Female Player of the Year: 2008-09
FIFA Women's World Cup All-Star Team: 2011
FIFA Puskas Award nominee: 2013
References
Other websites
Louisa Necib on SoccerWay.com
Club profile
French Football Federation profile
StatsFootoFeminin profile
ESPN Soccernet profile
1987 births
French footballers
Sportspeople from Marseille
Living people
Constantine Samuel Rafinesque

Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz (October 22, 1783 - September 18, 1840) was a nineteenth-century polymath. He contributed to botany, zoology, the study of prehistoric earthworks in North America and Mesoamerican ancient linguistics.
Rafinesque was eccentric. People often say he was an "erratic genius". He was an autodidact. He was successful in many things. He was good as a zoologist, botanist, writer and polyglot. He wrote prolifically on such diverse topics as anthropology, biology, geology, and linguistics. Today, scholars say that he was far ahead of his time in many of these fields.
References
French botanists
French zoologists
French writers
1783 births
1840 deaths
Linguists
Chocolate brownie

A chocolate brownie (or simply called a brownie) is an American dessert or snack made with chocolate. It is named after the color brown. It tastes like a cross between a cake and a cookie. Unlike other cakes, it is baked without baking powder so it is much thicker. It is normally served cut into squares or rectangles. It can be eaten as a snack, or with ice cream or whipped cream as a dessert.
Origin
There is no clear record of how brownies were first made. They were first made in the late 1880s. The first known recipe for brownies was in the 1897 Sears, Roebuck Catalogue. The most popular story about the origin of the brownie is about a housewife in Bangor, Maine. It says that the house wife forgot to add baking powder to a chocolate cake she was making. The cake did not rise but it was still delicious. Chocolate brownies are also very popular dessert in the United Kingdom.
Types of brownies
There are different types of brownie. They are either chewy or cake-like depending on the recipe. Sometimes nuts or chocolate chips are added, or icing or caramel is put on top. A brownie with brown sugar and no chocolate are sometimes called a blondie. Sometimes, brownies are crackled on top, which means the inside is extra soft.
Other websites
Chocolate brownie recipe
Cakes
National Party of Australia – NSW

The National Party of Australia - NSW, also called the NSW Nationals, is the New South Wales branch of the National Party, a centre-right agrarian party in Australia. It is the junior partner in the Coalition with the Liberal Party, which is currently in Opposition. The current leader of the party is Dugald Saunders and its deputy leader is Bronnie Taylor.
National Party of Australia
Political parties in New South Wales
Flag of Thailand

The Flag of Thailand has five stripes red, white, and blue. Red-white-blue stand for nation-religion-king, an unofficial motto of Thailand. The flag was made official on 28 September 1917 by a royal decree. The Thai name for the flag is thngaitrrngkh ("Thong Trairong"), which means "tricolour flag".
Gallery
References
Thailand
National symbols of Thailand
Fernanda Gritzbach

Fernanda Gritzbach (born 10 January 1984 in Sao Paulo) is a Brazilian volleyball player. She played at the 2003 Pan American Games and 2003 FIVB Volleyball Women's U20 World Championship.
She played for CV Logrono. In 2019-20, she was MVP of the Iberdrola League.
References
1984 births
Living people
Brazilian volleyball players
Sportspeople from Sao Paulo
Biological process

Biology is the science that deals with living things. In general:
Living organisms respond to the stimuli
Living organisms interact with their environment, which includes members of the same and other species.
Living organisms have a metabolism: they take in food which they then convert as energy to perform their daily or day to day activities.
Living organisms reproduce: they give birth to others of the same species, in order to continue their ancestral living. This is not true of all individual organisms. In eusocial organisms, some castes cannot reproduce. But, since the sterile workers are all the products of a single queen, they are one collective.
Many things that appear to be one organism are in fact several living together. An example is lichen. Lichen is a symbiosis between a blue-green algae and fungi. Organisms that live together may not reproduce together, but their life processes are bound up together. They help each other to live.
Examples of biological processes
Physiological process, those processes specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, limbs, and organisms.
Reproduction
Digestion
Response to stimulus: (in terms of movement impulses, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc). In animals, this is mainly the function of the nervous system.
Other processes: cell growth, cellular differentiation, fermentation, fertilisation, germination, tropism, hybridisation, metamorphosis, morphogenesis, photosynthesis, transpiration.
Modern ideas
Modern ideas from molecular biology, cell biology and cybernetics give us more ways of describing biological processes.
Cells and macro-molecules
All life processes on Earth use the chemistry of carbon compounds. In particular, all life uses long-chain molecules such as proteins and nucleic acid. With water, which is essential, the long molecules are wrapped inside membranes to form cells. This is true of all known life.
Systems theory
Living organisms are open systems. The main idea is that the processes serve to keep them alive by homeostasis. They are always changing, but always staying within certain limits as long as they live.
They do this by exchanging materials and information with their environment. They undergo metabolism, maintain homeostasis, possess a capacity to grow, respond to stimuli and reproduce. All of this preserves the individual and its race or species.
Related pages
Biology
Life
Senses
Sex
References
Life