pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Gilbert Meyer

Gilbert Meyer (26 December 1941 - 21 September 2020) was a French politician. He was a deputy in the National Assembly from 1993 to 2007. He was the Mayor of Colmar from 1995 to 4 July 2020.
He was a member of the Rally for the Republic (RPR) and Union for a Popular Movement (UMP). Meyer was born in Dessenheim, France.
Meyer died on 21 September 2020 from a stroke caused by glioblastoma in Colmar at the age of 78.
References
1941 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Deaths from glioblastoma
French mayors
Charleston County, South Carolina

Charleston County is a county in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2010 census, 350,209 people lived there, making it the third-most populous county in South Carolina (after Greenville and Richland counties). Its county seat is Charleston. The county was formed in 1901.
Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (33%) is water. It is the largest county in South Carolina by total land and water area. It is along the Atlantic coast.
Bordering counties
Berkeley County - north
Georgetown County - northeast
Colleton County - west
Dorchester County - northwest
Communities
Cities
Charleston (county seat) (partly in Berkeley County)
Folly Beach
Isle of Palms
North Charleston (partly in Dorchester County and Berkeley County)
Towns
Awendaw
Hollywood
James Island
Johns Island
Kiawah Island
Lincolnville (partly in Dorchester County)
McClellanville
Meggett
Mount Pleasant
Ravenel
Rockville
Seabrook Island
Sullivan's Island
Summerville (partly in Dorchester County and Berkeley County)
West Ashley
Census-designated place
Ladson (partly in Berkeley County)
Unincorporated communities
Adams Run
Edisto Island (partly in Colleton County)
References
Other websites
Charleston County - Official website
20th-century establishments in South Carolina
1901 establishments in the United States
South Carolina counties
Hillary Scholten

Hillary Scholten (born February 22, 1982) is an American lawyer and Democratic politician. She is the member of the United States House of Representatives for since 2023.
References
1982 births
Living people
United States representatives from Michigan
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Politicians from Grand Rapids, Michigan
Lawyers from Michigan
Tauriac, Gironde

Tauriac, Gironde is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Communes in Gironde
Tarvaris Jackson

Tarvaris Jackson (April 21, 1983 - April 12, 2020) was an American football quarterback. He was born in Montgomery, Alabama. Jackson played college football at Arkansas and Alabama State. In the National Football League (NFL), Jackson played for the Minnesota Vikings, Seattle Seahawks, and Buffalo Bills.
Jackson was killed on April 12, 2020 in a car accident in Pike Road, Alabama, aged 36.
References
1983 births
2020 deaths
Road accident deaths in the United States
Minnesota Vikings players
Seattle Seahawks players
Buffalo Bills players
Sportspeople from Alabama
People from Montgomery, Alabama
Niobium

Niobium is a chemical element. It is sometimes named columbium. It has the chemical symbol Nb. It has the atomic number 41. It is a rare metal. Niobium is soft and grey. It is ductile. In chemistry it is placed in a group of metal elements named the transition metals. Niobium was discovered in a variety of a mineral called columbite (now called niobite). Niobite is an ore of niobium.
Niobium is considered a technology-critical element. It is used in alloys, such as to make special steels and strong welded joints. Less than 0.1% of Niobium significantly improves the strength of steel. It is in the superconducting alloys used in MRI scanners, which are one of the most important medical inventions of the modern age.
References
Transition metals
Rachid Belhout

Rachid Belhout (; June 14, 1944 - August 9, 2020) was an Algerian football manager and player. He managed Al-Ahly Benghazi in the Libyan Premier League.
Carer
In 2005, he was hired as coach of R.E. Virton, who were then playing in the Belgian Second Division.
On December 22, 2010, Belhout was made a manager of JS Kabylie. On May 1, 2011, he won the 2010-11 Algerian Cup by beating USM El Harrach 1-0 in the final. On June 26, 2011, Belhout resigned from his position as manager of the club.
On July 19, 2011, Belhout signed a one-year contract with Tunisian club Union Sportive Monastir.
On February 10, 2012, Belhout signed a one-year contract with Algerian club CS Constantine.
Death
Belhout died on August 9, 2020, aged 76, after being killed in a car crash near Nancy, France.
References
Other websites
Rachid Belhout at Footballdatabase
1944 births
2020 deaths
Road accident deaths
Algerian footballers
Algerian football managers
Henri Matisse

Henri Matisse (Le Cateau-Cambresis, Nord, 31 December 1869 - 3 November 1954) was a French artist known for his use of colour and his original ideas.
He is mainly known as a painter, but he was also a draughtsman, printmaker and sculptor. Matisse was one of the main artists who helped to create modern art early in the 20th century.
"Matisse created brilliantly coloured canvases structured by colour applied in a variety of brushwork, ranging from thick impasto [thick paint] to flat areas of pure pigment, sometimes accompanied by a sinuous, arabesque-like line. [This was] the first of the avant-garde movements (1905-7), named "Fauvism" by a contemporary art critic, referring to its use of arbitrary combinations of bright colors and energetic brushwork to structure the composition".
Although he was initially called a Fauve (wild beast), he painted many traditional themes. He painted from life, and his work includes many portraits and other figurative subjects.
His mastery of the expressive language of form and colour, in work spanning over a half-century, won him recognition as a leading figure in modern art.
Matisse died of a heart attack in Nice, Alpes-Maritimes.
References
Other websites
Matisse in Artchive Artchive
500 hi-res images Henri Matisse: life and work
1869 births
1954 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
French painters
French printmakers
People from Hauts-de-France
Subdivisions of Ethiopia

Ethiopia is administratively divided into regional states and chartered cities, zones, woreda (districts) and kebele (wards).
Regions and chartered cities
The 9 regional states or kililoch are based on ethnic territoriality:
Afar
Amhara
Benishangul-Gumuz
Gambela
Harari
Oromia
Somali
Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region
Tigray
Additionally there are two chartered cities:
Addis Ababa
Dire Dawa
Zones
The 9 regions are further divided into 68 zones.
Woreda
Woreda or districts are smaller subdivisions.
Kebele
Kebele are municipalities. They are the smallest administrative division.
Geography of Ethiopia
Biriatou

Biriatou is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
Biriatou
European ash

The European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) is a kind of ash tree. It is found throughout Europe and not just Scandinavia. It is a deciduous tree that grows to a height of 20-35 metres.
Uses
Ash wood is very easy to bend. It is therefore the material of choice to make bows. Tennis rackets, and the long poles used for snooker are sometimes made from it.
Religion
In Norse mythology, the tree Yggdrasil was a European ash. The tree linked all the nine world, Niflheim and Asgard, amongst others. Below the tree resides Hel as well as the Well of Urd.
Gallery
Trees
Oleaceae
Wavrechain-sous-Denain

Wavrechain-sous-Denain is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 1,651 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Candice Bergen

Candice Bergen (born May 9, 1946) is an American actress. In 1980, she was nominated for an Academy Award for "Best Actress in a Supporting Role" for her role in Starting Over. Bergen later acted as the title character in Murphy Brown. (1988-98, 2018-present).
Other websites
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Beverly Hills, California
1946 births
Living people
Raron

Raron is the capital city of the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Valais
Osidda

Osidda (Osidde) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 257 people lived there. Its area is 25.68 km2. It is 650 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Sisters Are Doin' It for Themselves

"Sisters Are Doin' It for Themselves" is a song by Eurythmics and Aretha Franklin and featured on both Be Yourself Tonight and Who's Zoomin' Who?. It went to number 5 in Ireland, number 6 in New Zealand, number 9 in Finland and the United Kingdom, number 15 in Australia, number 17 in the Netherlands, number 18 in the United Kingdom and number 20 in Switzerland. It was covered by The Pointer Sisters in 2005.
Track listings
7-inch
A: "Sisters Are Doin' It for Themselves" (7-inch version) - 4:35
B: "I Love You Like a Ball and Chain" (LP version) - 4:08
12-inch
A1: "Sisters Are Doin' It for Themselves" (LP version) - 5:54
B1: "Sisters Are Doin' It for Themselves" (ET mix) - 7:53
B2: "I Love You Like a Ball and Chain" (LP version) - 4:08
References
1985 songs
Aretha Franklin songs
Eurythmics songs
The Pointer Sisters songs
Max Bruch

Max Christian Friedrich Bruch (6 January 1838-2 October 1920) also known as Max Karl August Bruch, was a German Romantic composer and conductor who wrote over 200 works, including three violin concertos, one of which is a staple of the violin repertoire.
Bruch was born in Cologne. He had a long career as a teacher, conductor and composer, moving among musical posts in Germany: Mannheim (1862-1864), Koblenz (1865-1867), Sondershausen, (1867-1870) Berlin (1870-1872), Bonn, where he spent 1873 -1878 working privately. At the height of his reputation he spent three seasons as conductor of the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Society (1880-83). He taught composition at the Berlin Hochschule fur Musik (the Berlin Conservatoire) from 1890 until his retirement in 1910.
His conservatively structured works, in the German romantic musical tradition, placed him in the camp of Romantic classicism exemplified by Johannes Brahms, rather than the opposing "New Music" of Franz Liszt and Richard Wagner. In his time, he was known primarily as a choral composer.
His Violin Concerto No. 1 in G minor, Op. 26 (1868) is one of the most popular Romantic violin concertos. It uses several techniques from Felix Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto in E minor.
References
Other websites
Classical Net, Basic Repertoire: Max Bruch
Joseph Stevenson, "Max Bruch"
"Max Bruch, Kol Nidrei"
http://www.richmondsymphony.com/concerts/note_04_21-24_06.htm
Site dedicated to Max Bruch (includes a list of works by opus number)
1838 births
1920 deaths
19th-century German composers
Musicians from North Rhine-Westphalia
People from Cologne
Romantic composers
20th-century German composers
Orve

Orve is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
SoFi Stadium

SoFi Stadium is an entertainment complex in Inglewood, California. SoFi Stadium is home to the Los Angeles Chargers and the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League. It has hosted Super Bowl LVI and the 2023 College Football Playoff National Championship. It is set to host parts of the 2026 FIFA World Cup and some events in the 2028 Summer Olympics, such as the opening ceremony, archery, and football. SoFi Stadium started construction in late 2016 and opened to the public on September 8, 2020.
Home teams
Los Angeles Rams (NFL)
Los Angeles Chargers (NFL)
References
Buildings and structures in California
Los Angeles Chargers
Los Angeles Rams
Distribution (mathematics)

This is about distribution in a mathematical sense, other meanings can be found at distribution
In mathematics, a distribution is a generalisation of a function. Distributions were introduced in the middle of the 20th century by Laurent Schwartz, who received a Fields Medal for his work on them. The Fields medal is comparable to a Nobel Prize in mathematics, which does not exist.
Distributions were introduced to model certain concepts from Physics. Physics has the concept of a mass of points in space. The Dirac delta function can model an electromagnetic charge of a point in space. The Dirac delta function is zero everywhere, except at one point, where it is infinitely large. This needs to be the case, because the density function needs to be 1. There is no function that can meet this criterion, except if integraton is taken as a function in the mathematical sense.
Today, distributions are used in different fields of mathematics and physics, for example to model Partial differential equations or Fourier analyses, which are important for Quantum electrodynamics or signal processing.
Mathematics
Vehicle registration plates of Austria

Austrian car number plates are required vehicle registration plates in Austria. The plate have the registration mark() of motor vehicles in Austria. They are used to show that cars are legal to be used on the streets. The plates are also proof of a liability insurance and are used to identify the vehicle.
Austria
Austria
Sean Spicer

Sean Michael Spicer (born September 23, 1971) is an American political strategist. He was the 30th White House Press Secretary and Communications Director for President Trump until his resignation on July 21, 2017.
Spicer was communications director of the Republican National Committee from 2011 to 2017 and its chief strategist from 2015 to 2017. On December 22, 2016, Spicer was named as Trump's White House Press Secretary and two days later Spicer was also named as the White House Communications Director. He assumed both positions with Trump's inauguration on January 20, 2017.
On July 21, 2017, Spicer announced his intention to resign as White House Press Secretary, and formally left the White House on August 31, 2017.
References
1971 births
Living people
White House Press Secretaries
White House Communications Directors
Politicians from New York (state)
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Abarca de Campos

Abarca de Campos is a municipality in Palencia province in the autonomous community of Castile and Leon in Spain.
Sources
Municipalities in Castile and Leon
Settlements in Palencia
Nándor Hidegkuti

Nandor Hidegkuti (3 March 1922 - 14 February 2002) was a Hungarian football player and manager. He played as a forward or attacking midfielder and mostly played for MTK Hungaria FC.
Hidegkuti died on 14 February 2002 after suffering from heart and lung problems for some time before his death. MTK Hungaria FC renamed their stadium, Hidegkuti Nandor Stadium in his honour.
Honours
Player
International
Hungary
Olympic Gold Medalist: 1952
Central European Champion: 1953
FIFA World Cup Runner-up: 1954
Club
MTK Hungaria
Hungarian Champions: 1951, 1953, 1958
Hungarian Cup: 1952
Mitropa Cup: 1955
Individual
Hungarian Football Federation Player of the Year: 1953
FIFA World Cup All-Star Team: 1954
Manager
ACF Fiorentina
European Cup Winners' Cup: 1961
Gyori ETO FC
Hungarian Champions: 1963
European Cup
Semi-finalists: 1965
Al-Ahly
Egyptian Premier League: 1975, 1976, 1977, 1979, 1980
Egypt Cup: 1978
References
Other websites
Hungary stats at Rsssf
Hungary stats
UEFA obituary
Observer obituary by Rogan Taylor
Nandor Hidegkuti, Sports-Reference/Olympics. Retrieved 2019-02-25.
1922 births
2002 deaths
Hungarian footballers
Hungarian football managers
1954 FIFA World Cup players
1958 FIFA World Cup players
Olympic medalists in football
Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Association football forwards
Sportspeople from Budapest
Frankenstein's monster

Frankenstein's monster is a fictional character from Mary Shelley's 1818 novel Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. He is created by another character in the novel called Victor Frankenstein. The creature has no name in popular culture, but is sometimes called "creature", "monster", "fiend", "wretch", "vile insect", "daemon", "being", and "it".
In the novel, Victor creates the human-like monster in the upstairs room of his apartment at the University of Ingolstadt. He creates it by putting together body parts from graveyards and butcher shops. He uses a method that is not clearly explained involving chemistry and galvanism to make the creature come alive. Victor leaves the creature in horror the minute it is awake. It leaves his apartment in the middle of the night.
Appearance
In the novel, the monster looks as though:
He is 8.1 feet tall because Victor believed that it would be easier to make a human body if all the body parts were bigger. In popular media and culture, he is shown with green skin. In the novel, his skin is actually more of a yellow hue. The green portrayal of the creature with electricity bolts in his neck came from Boris Karloff's movie portrayal of the monster.
Personality
In the beginning, Frankenstein's monster is like a baby. He is unable to talk. He discovers the world through sensing and observing. The monster develops understanding of simple things such as temperatures of hot and cold, sounds of birds chirping, and the differences between the sun and the moon. He eats roots, nuts, and berries when he is hungry. He finds a coat and some books while out in the wilderness.
He is described as sensitive, emotional, intelligent, prone to anger and violence, and very good at speaking. He learns how to speak from a family that he observes. He teaches himself how to read the books that he found. He has a severe sense of rejection from Victor and from every human he encounters. He has bad experiences with people. That makes him feel as though he is hated and unwanted. He resents humans and even feels hateful towards them because of how he has been treated. As a response, he kills several people, including Victor's younger brother William, Victor's best friend Henry Clerval, and later Victor's wife Elizabeth Lavenza.
Many movie adaptations have him mute and like a child instead of being intelligent.
Relationship with Victor
The creature has a complex relationship with Victor. He was rejected by Victor in the beginning, but he still wants to have a "father-like" figure. Victor is the only real human connection that the monster has. He demands that Victor take responsibility for his happiness.
In the novel, the creature refers to himself as "Adam". This makes Victor a sort of God-like figure.
After the monster learns how to read and speak, he goes on a journey to find Victor. He meets him in the mountains and tells him his story. After telling Victor about his difficult journey, he asks Victor to make a female monster for him so that he does not have to be alone anymore.
References
Characters in written fiction
Fictional murderers
Miyuki Yanagita

is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Yanagita was born in Chigasaki on April 11, 1981. When she was a high school student, she played for NTV Beleza. In 2000, she graduated from high school and she joined Tasaki Perule FC. In 2006, she moved to Urawa Reds. She retired end of 2012 season. She played 239 matches at 3 clubs in Nadeshiko League and she was selected Best Eleven 3 times (2006, 2009 and 2010).
In December 1997, when Yanagita was 16 years old, she was selected the Japan national team for 1997 AFC Championship. At this competition, on December 5, she debuted and scored a goal against Guam. She was a member of Japan for 1999, 2003, 2007 World Cup, 2004 and 2008 Summer Olympics. She played 91 games and scored 11 goals for Japan until 2008.
Statistics
References
Other websites
1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Kanagawa Prefecture
Japan women's international footballers
Nadeshiko League players
Nippon TV Tokyo Verdy Beleza players
Tasaki Perule FC players
Urawa Red Diamonds Ladies players
Footballers at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Footballers at the 2008 Summer Olympics
1999 FIFA Women's World Cup players
2003 FIFA Women's World Cup players
2007 FIFA Women's World Cup players
1997 AFC Women's Championship players
2001 AFC Women's Championship players
2006 AFC Women's Asian Cup players
2008 AFC Women's Asian Cup players
Footballers at the 1998 Asian Games
Footballers at the 2002 Asian Games
Footballers at the 2006 Asian Games
Asian Games medalists in football
Asian Games silver medalists for Japan
Asian Games bronze medalists for Japan
Medalists at the 1998 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2002 Asian Games
Medalists at the 2006 Asian Games
Assevillers

Assevillers is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
In 2006 the population was 267.
Communes in Somme
Dawan Landry

Dawan Landry (born December 30, 1982) is an American former professional football strong safety. He played 9 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Baltimore Ravens, Jacksonville Jaguars, and New York Jets. He played college football for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets. He was drafted by the Baltimore Ravens in 2006, and has had a relatively successful career with Baltimore and Jacksonville. Landry missed most of 2008 with an injury, but that was the only season in which he did not play in all 16 games. He had 5 interceptions in 2006 (one toutchdown), four interceptions and a touchdown in 2009, a score in 2010, and two interceptions in 2011. Landry also came in second for the Ravens in 2010 with 111 tackles. He retired after the 2014 NFL season.
References
1982 births
Sportspeople from Louisiana
Baltimore Ravens players
Jacksonville Jaguars players
New York Jets players
Living people
Brewarrina Aboriginal Fish Traps

The Brewarrina fish traps (Also known as Baiames Ngunnhu) are located in the town of Brewarrina on the Barwon River in the north west of New South Wales, around 800 km northwest of Sydney. It is the largest known Aboriginal fish trap facility in Australia. It is believed to be the oldest human construction in the world although it hasn't been confirmed yet.
The fish traps are probably around 40,000 years old, although the exact date is not known. They are around 500 m long. They are in the Ngunnhu Aboriginal territory. The fish traps consisted of many small stone circles that could be separated by stone weirs. There the fish were led so that they could be caught. The design, complexity and size of the facility are unique in Australia. For this reason they are a national monument.
Before the European settlement, the Aboriginals used the river for fishing. Stones were removed from the river by the settlers to allow paddle steamers to travel, and rocks were removed in the 1920s to be used for house foundations and roads. The steamships could not sail in the dry season.
The Ngunnhu people had strong social, cultural and spiritual relationships with other Aboriginal groups, and they also allowed other Aboriginal countries to fish according to rules, times and periods. They were associated with the Aborigines of the Kamilaroi, Marowari, Paarkinji, Weilwan, Barbinja and Ualaria. The neighbouring Aboriginal countries were invited by Ngunnhu to cooroborees, ceremonies, initiations, trade and barter.
The Ngunnhu attribute the possibility of fishing to the mythical Baiame, a dreamtime creature who created the landscape, lakes, rivers and beings.
The plant is partly overgrown by reeds. The fish ladder was opened on June 3 2005 registered in the Australian National Heritage List because it was of particular historical importance for the social and cultural coexistence within the Aboriginals.
Other websites
environment.gov.au (PDF; 42 kB): Site plan of the fish ladder
References
Geography of New South Wales
Buildings and structures in New South Wales
Mesocyclone

A mesocyclone is a vortex of air, about 2 to 10 km in diameter (the mesoscale of meteorology), inside a convective storm.
That is, it is air that rises and rotates around a vertical axis, usually in the same direction as low pressure systems in a given hemisphere. They are most often cyclonic, that is, related with a localized low pressure area inside a severe thunderstorm. Such storms can create strong surface winds and a lot of hail. Mesocyclones often happen together with updrafts in supercells, where tornadoes may form.
The word mesocyclone originated around 1970-75; meso- + cyclone] This word is first recorded in the period 1970-75. meso- is a combining form meaning "middle," used in the formation of compound words.
Mesocyclones are normally relatively very small in size; they lie between the synoptic scale (hundreds of kilometers) and small scale (hundreds of meters).
References
Other websites
Electronic Journal of Severe Storms Meteorology
Weather
Montana, Switzerland

Montana was a municipality of the district of Sierre in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.
It was one of the six municipalities that form the ski resort Crans-Montana (together with Icogne, Lens, Randogne, Mollens and Chermignon).
On 1 January 2017, the former municipalities of Montana, Chermignon, Mollens and Randogne merged into the new municipality of Crans-Montana.
References
Other websites
Official Website
Former municipalities of Valais
Hersberg

Hersberg is a municipality in Liestal in the canton of Basel-Landschaft in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Basel-Landschaft
Kiel Canal

The Kiel Canal is a waterway in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein. The canal connects the North Sea from the River Elbe to the Baltic Sea at Kiel. The Canal is about long. The canal was first opened to traffic on 19 June 1895. It was then improved to allow the largest warships to pass through. The formal reopening of the improved canal was on June 24, 1914. The Kiel Canal is the busiest artificial waterway for seagoing ships worldwide. In 2014, 32,600 ships passed through the waterway.
References
Other websites
Kiel Canal
Geography of Schleswig-Holstein
Canals in Germany
1990s

The 1990s was the decade that started on January 1, 1990, and ended on December 31, 1999.
Events
1990 - 1991 - Gulf War
1990 - German reunification
1991 - The end of the Cold War.
1991 - Breakup of Yugoslavia
Yugoslav Wars
1991 - Dissolution of the Soviet Union
1992 - The European Union is founded.
1993 - Dissolution of Czechoslovakia.
1994 - Genocide in Rwanda
1994 - End of Apartheid in South Africa.
1997 - Handover of Hong Kong
People
Pope John Paul II, Pope in the 1990s (the last full decade he would serve as Pope until his death in 2005)
Andre Agassi, American tennis player
Pete Sampras, American tennis player
Michael Schumacher, German formula 1 driver
Backstreet Boys, American boy band
Slobodan Milosevic, President of Serbia from 1989 to 2000
Margaret Thatcher, British Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990
John Major, British Prime Minister from 1990 to 1997
Tony Blair, British Prime Minister from 1997 to 2007
George H. W. Bush, President of the United States until 1993
Bill Clinton President of the United States from 1993-2001
Francois Mitterrand, President of France from 1981 to 1995
Jacques Chirac, President of France from 1995 to 2007
Jiang Zemin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China from 1989 to 2002
Alberto Fujimori President of Peru 1990-2000
Fidel Castro, leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2008
Elizabeth II, British queen since 1952
Madonna, singer-songwriter
The Prodigy, electronic dance group
Britney Spears, American singer
Spice Girls, music group
Mariah Carey, singer
Celine Dion, singer
Whitney Houston, singer
Mel Gibson, actor
Mikhail Gorbachev, leader of the USSR 1985-1991
Boris Yeltsin, President of Russia from 1991 to 1999
Michael Jordan, American basketball player
Tom Hanks, American actor
Nicole Kidman, actress
Sandra Bullock, American actress
Tom Cruise, American actor
Robin Williams, American actor and comedian
Jim Carrey, Canadian-American actor and comedian
George Clooney, American actor
Brad Pitt, American actor
Eddie Murphy, American actor and comedian
Arnold Schwarzenegger, American actor
Oprah Winfrey, American talk show host
Ellen DeGeneres, American talk show host
Saddam Hussein, President of Iraq 1979-2003
Helmut Kohl, German chancellor until 1998
Nelson Mandela, President of South Africa 1994-1999
Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa 1999-2008
Yitzhak Rabin, Israeli Prime Minister
Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt from 1981 to 2011
Muammar al-Gaddafi, Libyan dictator from 1969 to 2011
Nirvana, rock band
Steven Seagal, American actor
Julia Roberts, American actor/actress
Gerhard Schroder, German Chancellor from 1998 to 2005
Lech Walesa, President of Poland from 1990 to 1995
Yasser Arafat, Palestinian leader
Kim Il-Sung, dictator of North Korea from 1948 to 1994
Kim Jong-il, dictator of North Korea from 1994 to 2011
Tupac Shakur, American rapper
Diana, Princess of Wales
Gianni Versace, fashion designer
Bill Gates, co-founder of Microsoft
Steve Jobs, co-founder of Apple
Other websites
Source for some items:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/
http://m-w.com/
Hancock County, Illinois

Hancock County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 17,620. Its county seat is Carthage, and largest city is Hamilton. The county is made up of rural towns with many farmers.
Hancock County was founded in 1825 and named in honor of John Hancock, who clearly signed the Declaration of Independence.
References
1825 establishments in Illinois
Illinois counties
Antoni Martí

Antoni Marti Petit (born November 10, 1963) is an Andorran architect and politician.Andorra: Tax, foreign investment in the heart of early parliamentary Pisqa, 3 April 2011 He was the Prime Minister from 11 May 2011 to 16 May 2019.
References
1963 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Andorra
FC Lustenau 07

FC Lustenau 07 is an football club from Lustenau, Vorarlberg in Austria. They play in the Vorarlbergliga, the highest level in Vorarlberg. The club is the oldest football club in Vorarlberg.
History
The roots of the club laid in the Turnverein Lustenau. Many of the young members of the club played football. After discussions the football section left the club and formed on 20 September 1907 at the Gasthof zur Sonne the FC Lustenau. Many of the clubs in Vorarlberg were founded with the help of players of FC Lustenau(for example FC Dornbirn 1913 and the second club from Lustenau SC Austria Lustenau ).
During the First World War there was no football in Vorarlberg. But after the war many new clubs were found. So the FC Lustenau was interested in forming a football association, which was formed in 1920.
The most important player of FC Lustenau before the Second World War was Ernst Kunz.He played in the 1936 Olympic football team of Austria. The team won the silver medal.
During the Second World war there was again no football in Vorarlberg. But 1945 the team started again under the name FC Rapid Lustenau. In 1947 they got their old name FC Lustenau 07 back. In 2000 the club was promoted to the Austrian First League. 2004 they were relegated. In the 2005/06 season they won the Regionalliga West with 27 wins, 3 draws and 0 lost (104:22 goals). Till the 2012-13 season they played in the Austrian First League. Due to financial problems the club played the next season in Vorarlberg 2. Landesklasse (Level 7). Till the 2019-20 season they reached the Vorarlbergliga (Level 4) the highest level in Vorarlberg football.
Current squad
as on December 17th, 2021
Goalkeepers
Gerd Kung
Klaus Mendes
Noah Kung
Defenders
Markus Konig
Luca Hollenstein
Lukas Thurnher
Maximilian Konig
Alex Asiu
Moritz Beck
Noel-Joshua Konig
Simon Hafele
Alin Mutu
Midfielders
Okan Oner
Mikail Can
Ajdin Celes
Luis Bosch
Elias Jonach
Moritz Hollenstein
Mark Vogel
Vincent Scheffknecht
Simon Grabherr
Jakob Bosch
Harun Erbek
Kemal Duran
Markus Blank
Forwards
Johannes Giselbrecht
Igor Marjanovic
Linus Hammerle
Honors
Austrian Amateur Championship runner-up: 1929, 1937
Vorarlberg Champions: 1918, 1921-27, 1929, 1931-36, 1939
Vorarlberg Cup: 1925, 1927, 1934, 1935, 1938, 1946 (als SC Rapid Lustenau), 1994, 2000, 2001, 2021
Bodensee-Champion: 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913
Champion Arlbergliga: 1958, 1959
Champion Vorarlbergliga: 1995
Champion Regionalliga West: 2000, 2001, 2006
References
Austrian football clubs
Football clubs of Vorarlberg
Patrick Delsemme

Patrick Delsemme (13 September 1974 - 8 December 2022) was a Belgian snooker player from Liege. He has been named one of the greatest Belgian snooker talents ever.
Biography
When he was 17 years old he finished second at the under-21 world championships in Bangalore, losing the final from Ronnie O'Sullivan. A year later he finished again second in Brunei, losing this time from Robin Hull. Delsemme became Belgian junior champion in 1991 and 1992 and became senior champion in 1995 andd 1997. He was for seven years a professional player. In 2001 he had his best season where he was ranked 107th worldwide, he was suspended for two years after testing positive for the use of cannabis twice. He also lost his ranking points and also had to pay back the prize money he won at those tournaments (PS11,000).
In 2022 Delsemme had taken part by invitation in a major snooker tournament in Casablanca, Morocco, where he died on 8 December 2022, at the age of 48.
References
Belgian sportspeople
Snooker players
1974 births
2022 deaths
People from Liege
Place of death missing
Lowesville, Virginia

Lowesville is an unincorporated community in Nelson County, Virginia, United States. It lies along the path of the now-defunct Virginia Blue Ridge Railway.
References
GNIS reference
Unincorporated communities in Virginia
Tardelcuende

Tardelcuende is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and Leon in Spain.
Municipalities in Castile and Leon
Settlements in Soria
Daruma doll

The doll is a hollow, round, traditional Japanese doll. It is modeled after Bodhidharma, the founder of the Zen sect of Buddhism.
The Daruma dolls are a kind of toy (omocha). The Daruma figurine is also a tumbler doll or roly-poly toy. When the doll is tumbled about, it rights itself. The two were well recognized as synonymous by the mid-19th century. Today, Daruma dolls are widely known, regardless of religion or sect.
Most daruma dolls are made of papier mache, and weighted at the bottom so the doll stands. The dolls are typically painted red. Darumas are sold with the eyes being white. Most daruma dolls are made in Takasaki City at the center of Japan. A fair is held in early January every year for the sale of darumas. Daruma dolls are symbols of good luck and business prosperity.
Daruma eyes
Dolls are sold without the eyes painted in. The custom is to make a resolution or a wish and darken the left eye of the daruma. When the resolution or the wish is fulfilled, the right eye is also darkened. This custom is seen widely today especially in the case of election or entrance examination in.
References
Japanese folklore
Japanese culture
Luck
Conservatoire national des arts et métiers

The Conservatoire national des arts et metiers (; CNAM) is a graduate engineering school in Paris, France. It was created in 1794.
Its different programs lead to the following French and European degrees:
Ingenieur CNAM (CNAM Graduate engineer Masters level program)
Master of Science & PhD doctorate studies
Masteres Specialises (MS)
Massive Online Open Courses
Classes and research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen nationalities participate in the different programs at CNAM.
References
Other websites
Official website (in French)
Official website (in English)
Official website CNAM lebanon (in French)
Technical colleges and universities in Paris
1794 establishments
1790s establishments in France
Impact, Texas

Impact is a town in Taylor County, Texas in the United States.
Towns in Texas
Purleigh

Purleigh is a village and civil parish in Maldon District, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 1147 people living in Purleigh.
References
Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
James Montgomery (colonel)

James Montgomery (December 22, 1814 - December 6, 1871) was a Jayhawker during Bleeding Kansas. He was also a controversial Union colonel during the American Civil War. Montgomery was a strong supporter of abolitionist ideas and individual liberty, and he used extreme actions against pro-slavery people.
Early life and Bleeding Kansas
James Montgomery was born on December 22, 1814 in Austinburg, Ashtabula County, Ohio; his parents were James and Mary Baldwin Montgomery. He moved to Kentucky in 1837 with his parents, and he taught school there. He married, but his first wife died shortly after the wedding, so he married again to Clarinda Evans. They moved to Pike County, Missouri in 1852, and then to Jackson County, and finally to Bates County while waiting for Kansas to be open to settlement.
In 1854 Montgomery bought land near present-day Mound City, Kansas. There, he became a leader of local Free-state men and was a strong abolitionist. In 1857 he organized and led a "Self-Protective Company", using it to move pro-slavery people out of the area. Fights with other pro-slavery people led territorial governor James W. Denver to send U.S. Army soldiers in to restore order. Montgomery sometimes worked with the abolitionist John Brown and thought about doing a raid to rescue Brown after his capture in Virginia, but snow in Pennsylvania upset his plan.
Civil War
On July 24, 1861, Montgomery was hired as a colonel of the 3rd Kansas Infantry of U.S. Senator James H. Lane's Kansas brigade, with Montgomery as second-in-command of the brigade.
Later life
After the war, Montgomery went back to his farm in Linn County, Kansas, where he died on December 6, 1871.
References
Other websites
Civil War St. Louis website, article about Jayhawking by Castel
Col. James Montgomery from Cutler's History of the State of Kansas
Clan Montgomery Society International Genealogical Database
James Montgomery at the Battle of Olustee
1814 births
1871 deaths
American abolitionists
Jefferson County, Alabama

Jefferson County is a county in the U.S. state of Alabama.
The county was named after Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States. The county has the largest population of any county in Alabama. As of the 2020 U.S. census, 674,721 people lived there. The largest city in Jefferson County is Birmingham, Alabama.
History
Jefferson County was created by the Alabama legislature on December 13, 1819, 42 years before the American Civil War.
Bankruptcy
Jefferson County was spending more than its total revenue, so it sold bonds to finance its operating deficits. Normally, governments sell bonds to borrow money to build infrastructure. But Jefferson County borrowed money to put off tax increases or service reductions. Jefferson County worked with Wall Street banks (such as J.P. Morgan) to sell the bonds and to make interest rate swaps on its debt. These financial deals happened in 2002 and 2003 while the economy was healthy. People who purchase bonds want to know the source of the money to pay back the bonds. So, Jefferson County used its sewer system fees to back its bonds. The county sold $3.14 billion in sewer bonds. It also paid the banks millions of dollars of fees for their help in selling the bonds and setting up the county's debt.
By 2011, Jefferson County could no longer borrow more money and its total revenues fell because of the bad economy. So, the county went to Wall Street and asked them to forgive $1 billion of the debt. After months of talking, the county and the banks were $130 million apart from a final agreement. The banks wanted the county to raise sewer rates to cover the missing money. The county wanted the banks to forgive more debt.
On November 9, 2011, the county gave up and filed for bankruptcy. Jefferson County became the subject of the most expensive municipal bankruptcy ever in the United States, at $4.1 billion, with debts of $3.14 billion relating to sewer work. This means that a court will decide what the county owes. Under bankruptcy, people who loaned money to the county will not get all of their money back.
References
References
1819 establishments in Alabama
Alabama counties
Massonnens

Massonnens is a municipality of the district of Glane in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Fribourg
Ted Demme

Edward Kern "Ted" Demme (October 26, 1963 - January 14, 2002) was an American movie director and producer. His career began in 1988. His movies included The Ref (1994), Beautiful Girls (1996), Life and Blow. He died during a celebrity basketball game in Santa Monica, California due to a heart attack. The heart attack may have been caused by cocaine. He was 38 years old when he died.
He was married to Amanda Demme from 1994 until his death. The couple had two sons. He was the nephew of Jonathan Demme.
Filmography
Movies
Television
Reference
Other websites
1963 births
2002 deaths
Accidental deaths in California
American television directors
American television producers
Drug-related accidental deaths in the United States
Movie directors from New York City
Movie producers from New York City
SC Hakoah Graz

The Sportclub Hakoah Graz ( - strength) was a Jewish sports and football club from the Styrian capital Graz. It was beside Sturm and GAK the third top league team from Graz.
History
The club was founded on 12 March 1919 to offer the Jewish people of Graz (around 4000) the possibility to do sports. The old club Judischen Turnvereins zu Graz was dissolved in 1917. Jewish officials were against the club. The club was highly accepted by the young football players.
In 1921, the football section took part in the 2.Klasse of the Styrian football championship. The first classes of the federal states were the highest, because at that time there was no Austrian-wide championship. The champion of Viennas highest league was considered Austrian champion. They played in blue and white jerseys with the Star of David on the breast. It was difficult for them to play because they had no ground of their own. Due to the antisemitism of that time other clubs often did not allow them to use their grounds. In 1923, they leased an own ground.
In the 1921/22 season, they reached the first place and were promoted to the 1. Klasse. In the 1. Klasse, the club was again confronted with antisemitism. The Deutscher Sportverein Leoben and Turnverein Leibniz did not want to play against a Jewish club. They were disqualified. During the years in the first class Hakoah often reached places on top of the table.
In 1935, the club was relegated to the 2. Klasse. The reason for this was that some players went to other clubs and some ended their career because antisemitism grew at that time. The club also lost its ground which was only leased. The contract was not prolonged. In the Second Class, they gained again strength but the occupation of Austria by Nazi Germany ended its history. The club was dissolved like all other Jewish sports clubs in Austria.
Other websites
Article about Hakoah Graz
Jewish history
Judaism in Austria
Hakoah Graz
Football clubs of Graz
Edith Wilmans

Edith Wilmans ( December 21, 1882 - March 21, 1966) was a politician. She helped lead in the Democratic party, fighting for women's rights. Wilmans was born in Louisiana as Edith Eunice Therrel. She was married in 1900 to Hall Wilmans, and later they had three daughters. Wilmans first started fighting for women's rights when she undertook organizing a Dallas organization for women's rights. In 1918 Wilmans decided she wanted to become a lawyer to help women's voting rights. She then got a job for the Texas legislature in 1923, three years after the 19th amendment was passed. During her time on the job, she was part of the office that passed laws to give more money to schools in Dallas. In 1925 she was asked by Pat M. Neff to be part of state Supreme Court. She then later left because she didn't have the training to be on the court.
References
1882 births
Lawyers from Texas
Lawyers from Louisiana
1966 deaths
Ken Roberts (rugby league)

Kenneth "Ken" Roberts (died 8 August 2017) was an English professional rugby league footballer. He played in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, playing at representative level for Great Britain and Lancashire, and at club level for Swinton, Halifax, Bradford Northern, Rochdale Hornets and Salford.
Roberts was born in Atherton, Lancashire. He died on 8 August 2017.
References
Other websites
Great Britain Statistics at englandrl.co.uk
Statistics at rugbyleagueproject.org
Photpgraph "A flying tackle" at rugbyleagueheritageproject.com
Photograph "Ken Roberts covers" at rugbyleagueheritageproject.com
Photograph "A tired looking Ken Roberts" at rugbyleagueheritageproject.com
Photograph "Ken Roberts pulled down" at rugbyleagueheritageproject.com
Photograph "Roberts on the charge" at rugbyleagueheritageproject.com
2017 deaths
English rugby union players
Sportspeople from Lancashire
Zodiac (movie)

Zodiac is a 2007 American thriller movie directed by David Fincher and based on the book of the same name. It was released on March 2, 2007. It is about investigation and manhunt for the serial killer Zodiac who has been active during the late 1960s and early 1970s.
References
2007 movies
2007 thriller movies
2000s epic movies
American thriller movies
Movies directed by David Fincher
Movies based on books
Paramount Pictures movies
Movies set in San Francisco
Movies set in the 20th century
Wisques

Wisques is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Retroflex consonant

A retroflex consonant is a sound made with your tongue curled back. English has no retroflex consonants.
Consonants
Tapir

Tapirs are odd-toed ungulates form the family Tapiridae. The only living genus is Tapirus. The first tapirids appeared in the Eocene epoch, and by the Oligocene they looked similar to the present-day species. For much of their history, tapirs were spread across the Northern Hemisphere extinct as recently as 10,000 years ago.
Taxonomy
Family Tapiridae
Brazilian tapir or Lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris)
Mountain Tapir (Tapirus pinchaque)
Baird's tapir (Tapirus bairdii)
Malayan tapir (Tapirus indicus)
Kabomani tapir (Tapirus kabomani)
Appearance
Tapirs are about 2 m / 7 ft long and about 1 meter / 3 ft high. They weigh between 150 - 300 kg / 330 - 700 lb. They have a rounded body and very short stubby tails. Tapirs have hoofed toes, with four toes on the front feet and three toes on the hind feet. The Tapir's upper lip and nose have formed a short trunk, and they have a long tongue.
Tapirs have a short fur, with colors that are reddish-brown to grey to nearly black. Exceptions are the Mountain Tapir and the Asian Tapir. The Mountain Tapir has longer wooly fur. The Asian Tapir has a black front part and legs, and a white middle part and back. All baby tapirs have brown fur, with lighter stripes and dots for camouflage.
Tapirs cannot see very well, but they have good hearing and a very good sense of smell. Tapirs also swim very well.
Habitat
Tapirs live in of South America and Central America, except the Asian Tapir which lives in Southeast Asia.
Tapirs live in dense forests, and close to water.
Life
Tapirs are active at night. They eat leaves, fruit, berries, vegetables and nuts.
Tapirs live alone. After a pregnancy of about 13 months, the female gives birth to a single baby. After half a year the baby starts to lose the baby-coloring of its fur. When the young tapir is one year old it looks like an adult tapir, and it leaves its mother. Tapirs become mature when they are 4 years old. Tapirs can become 25 - 30 years old.
Gallery
References
Other websites
IUCN/SSC Tapir Specialist Group
The Tapir Gallery at The Tapir Preservation Fund website
World Tapir Day website
Baird's Tapir Project of Costa Rica
Odd-toed ungulates
Gaming computer

A gaming PC is a personal computer that is specialized for playing video games. People generally build gaming pcs.
Computers
Miguel Ángel Cascallana

Miguel Angel Cascallana Guerra (26 February 1948 - 26 January 2015) was a Spanish handball player. He competed for his country in team handball at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. He finished 15th in the Olympic tournament. He played in all five matches and scored three goals.
Cascallana was born in Herrera de Pisuerga, Castile and Leon. He died on 26 January 2015 in Alicante, at the age of 66.
References
Other websites
Miguel Angel Cascallana at Sports-Reference.com
1948 births
2015 deaths
1972 Summer Olympics
Handball players
People from Castile and Leon
Spanish Olympians