pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Quantum teleportation

Quantum teleportation is a way of transferring the quantum state of one quantum system to another using the quantum entanglement between two other systems.
For example, let's assume Alice and Bob share an entangled pair of particles A and B, and Alice wants to teleport the information of another "message" particle M to Bob.
What Alice does is interact her half of the entangled pair, A, she shares with Bob, so that now the message particle M is entangled with Alice's other particle A.
Next Alice measures both of her particles A and M and tells what the outcomes of these measurements are to Bob. Because the message particle M was entangled with Alice's other particle A, and Bob has the information of Alice's measurements, he can use this information to recreate the original message particle M out of the one he has B.
What makes quantum teleportation special is that we didn't need to physically move the message particle M from Alice to Bob.
Quantum mechanics
Theoretical computer science
Time in Vietnam

Vietnam observes Indochina Time (ICT) (UTC+07:00) and does not observe daylight saving time.
References
Vietnam
Vietnam
Serbian Cyrillic alphabet

The Serbian Cyrillic alphabet (, srpska/Vukova cirilica, literally "Serbian/Vuk's Cyrillic alphabet") is the official and traditional alphabet used to write the Serbian language.
The alphabet
The following table gives the upper and lower letters forms of the Serbian Cyrillic alphabet, along with the Serbian Latin equivalent and the IPA value for each letter:
References
Omniglot - Serbian, Croatian and Bosnian
Serbian Alphabet
Cyrillic script
A
Jagannath Thapaliya

Jagannath Thapaliya is a Nepalese politician and member of the Bagmati Provincial Assembly. He is currently serving as Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning of Bagmati Province.
References
Nepalese politicians
Pearson's green tree frog

Pearson's green tree frog, Pearson's tree frog, the mountain stream tree frog, cascade tree frog or Cedar Creek tree frog (Ranoidea pearsoniana) is a frog from Australia. It lives in Queensland and New South Wales, from 200 to 1000 metres above sea level.
This frog lives in forests where the trees are close together. It lives in fast-flowing streams in the forest. It hides under rocks during the day and looks for food at night. The females lay eggs in pools where the water does not flow fast, 360-730 at a time. The eggs stick to the undersides of rocks or to plants or to the bottom of the pool. The tadpoles become frogs after 2 to 2.5 months.
References
Frogs of Australia
Zenit Kazan

VC Zenit-Kazan (Russian: Zenit-Kazan') (formerly "Dinamo Tattransgaz Kazan") is a professional volleyball team based in Kazan, Russia. It plays in the Russian Volleyball Super League (7-time champion). The team won the 2007-08, 2011-12 and 2014-15 CEV Champions League titles.
The club was founded on 13 May 2000.
Other websites
web site
Volleyball clubs
2000 establishments
20th-century establishments in Russia
Sports organizations of Russia
The Famous Jett Jackson

The Famous Jett Jackson is a Canadian and American Disney Channel TV series. It is a coming-of-age television show for children between the ages of 12-16. The show is about a guy named Jett Jackson (Lee Thompson Young). He plays a teenage secret agent on a fictional TV show called Silverstone.
The show was on the Disney Channel from October 25, 1998 - June 22, 2001. It was removed from the channel in June 2004. It once aired on ABC Family. The show was also seen again on Disney XD in 2009. The Jett Jackson: The Movie aired on Disney Channel in 2001.
Cast
Main
Lee Thompson Young as Jett Jackson/Silverstone
Ryan Sommers Baum as J.B. Halliburton
Kerry Duff as Kayla West
Gordon Greene as Woodrick Jackson
Montrose Hagins as Miz Coretta
Melanie Nicholls-King as Jules Jackson
Other
Jeffrey Douglas as Cubby
Lindy Booth as Riley Grant/Hawk
Nigel Shawn Williams as Nigel Essex/Artemus
Awards and nominations
The show The Famous Jett Jackson and its young cast were nominated for Young Artist Awards, presented by the nonprofit Young Artist Foundation, in several categories in the course of the show's run:
References
Other websites
1998 television series debuts
Television series by Disney
2001 television series endings
1998 establishments in the United States
1998 establishments in Canada
2001 disestablishments in the United States
2001 disestablishments in Canada
Pnictogen

The Group 15 elements, also called the pnictogens, Group V elements, or Group VB elements, are a group on the periodic table. They have many different properties. Nitrogen is a colorless unreactive gas that helps us breathe. Phosphorus is a super reactive white or red solid nonmetal. Arsenic is a highly toxic semimetal. Antimony is also a semimetal. Bismuth is a radioactive metal. Moscovium is a man made element that is radioactive. They all have 5 valence electrons but most of them form +5 or -3 chemical compounds.
15
Robert Mulligan

Robert Mulligan (August 23, 1925 - December 20, 2008) was an Academy Award-nominated American movie and television director. He directed movies such as To Kill a Mockingbird and The Man in the Moon.
Filmography
The Man in the Moon (1991)
Clara's Heart (1988)
Kiss Me Goodbye (1982)
Bloodbrothers (1978)
Same Time, Next Year (1978)
The Nickel Ride (1974)
The Other (1972)
Summer of '42 (1971)
The Pursuit of Happiness (1971)
The Stalking Moon (1969)
Up the Down Staircase (1967)
Inside Daisy Clover (1965)
Baby the Rain Must Fall (1965)
Love with the Proper Stranger (1963)
To Kill a Mockingbird (1962)
The Spiral Road (1962)
Come September (1961)
The Great Impostor (1961)
The Rat Race (1960)
Fear Strikes Out (1957)
1925 births
2008 deaths
American movie directors
Entertainers from New York City
Fontaine-lès-Clerval

Fontaine-les-Clerval is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
Jo-Jo the Dog-Faced Boy

Fedor Jeftichew, better known as Jo-Jo the Dog-Faced Boy (1868 - January 31, 1904) was a Russian sideshow performer. Like his father, Adrien, with whom he performed, Jo-Jo was afflicted with hypertrichosis, an abnormal growth of hair over the face and body. Jo-Jo was covered with long, silky hair and was said to resemble a Skye terrier.
Jo-Jo was born in St Petersburg, Russia in 1868. He began touring Europe in 1873. He was five feet eight inches tall, had only four or five teeth, and spoke Russian, German, and a little English. He dressed like a Russian cavalryman. He would bark at an audience, and would perform as often as 23 times a day. In 1886, he was making US$500 a week.
Jo-Jo toured Europe and Russia, playing in fairgrounds. He was discovered by Charles Reynolds in London, England. Jo-Jo was performing with his father, Adrien, who resembled a poodle. Reynolds realized the Dog-Faced Boy could be presented in a more professional manner. He took the boy to the United States on the City of Chicago on 12 October 1884.
A press conference was called. Journalists were allowed to pull Jeftichew's hair to be assured it was real and not pasted on. The New York Herald described Jeftichew as "the most extraordinary and absorbingly interesting curiosity that has ever reached these shores."
In 1884, Jeftichew signed with P. T. Barnum. Barnum stated (falsely) that Jo-Jo was captured by a hunter in the wilds of central Russia. Barnum advertised him as "the most prodigious paragon of all prodigies secured by P. T. Barnum in fifty years. The Human Skye Terrier, the crowning mystery of nature's contradictions."
He toured Europe with Barnum and Bailey's Greatest Show on Earth in 1901 and 1902. He died in Greece in 1904 while on tour of pneumonia. He was the subject of a song recorded by Annette Funicello in the 1960s and was referenced in an episode of the television series, Buffy the Vampire Slayer.
Notes
References
Bondeson, Jan. 2000. The Two-Headed Boy, and Other Medical Marvels. Cornell University Press. pp. 19-26.
DeMello, Margo. 2012. Faces Around the World: A Cultural Encyclopedia of the Human Face. ABC-CLIO. p. 176.
Hartzman, Marc. 2006 (pbk).American Sideshow: An Encyclopedia of History's Most Wondrous and Curiously Strange Performers. Penguin. pp. 51-52.
Hornberger, Francine. 2005. Carny Folk: The World's Weirdest Sideshow Acts. Citadel Press. p. 144.
Nickell, Joe. 2005. Secrets of the Sideshows. University Press of Kentucky. pp. 155-156.
1868 births
1904 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
People from Saint Petersburg
Russian entertainers
Sideshow performers
Michigan Wolverines

The Michigan Wolverines are 24 varsity sports teams at the University of Michigan.
References
American Lacrosse Conference
Big Ten Conference
Central Collegiate Hockey Association
ECAC Lacrosse
Wolverines
John Zook

John Eldon Zook (September 24, 1947 - June 6, 2020) was an American professional football player. He was born in Garden City, Kansas. He was a defensive end for 12 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the St. Louis Cardinals and the Atlanta Falcons. Zook played college football for the University of Kansas.
Zook died on June 6, 2020 in Wichita, Kansas at the age of 72.
References
1947 births
2020 deaths
American football defensive ends
Los Angeles Rams players
Atlanta Falcons players
Sportspeople from Kansas
Edward Fuller

Edward Fuller ( 1575winter of 1620/21) was a passenger on the 1620 voyage of the Mayflower. He signed the Mayflower Compact. Fuller died with his wife soon after the passengers came ashore to their new settlement at Plymouth but their sons lived.
Fuller was baptized in Norfolk, England on September 4, 1575. He was the son of Robert Fuller, a butcher.
The Voyage to the New World
In 1651 William Bradford wrote a list of the Mayflower passengers which included "Edward Fuller, and his wife, and Samuell, their son."
The Mayflower left Plymouth, England on 16 September 1620. There were 102 passengers and 30-40 crew. On 21 November 1620, the Mayflower spotted land. The Mayflower was headed for Virginia Colony, but the ship was damaged and they were forced to land at Cape Cod now called Provincetown Harbor. The wrote the Mayflower Compact which was a list of rules on how they would live and treat each other. Fuller signed that document.
In Plymouth Colony
Bradford kept a written record of the new settlement at Plymouth. He wrote that: "Edward Fuller and his wife died soon after they came ashore. Their son Samuel is living and married, and has four children or more." After the death of his parents, Samuel, then about age twelve, was taken into the household of his uncle, Samuel Fuller.
The date of death for Fuller and his wife are unknown. It was during the winter of 16/20 and 16/21. They were buried in the Coles Hill Burial Ground in Plymouth. They are remembered on the Memorial as "Edward Fuller and his wife."
Fuller's family
Edward had two sons: Matthew and Samuel. Samuel went to live with his uncle and became a doctor. Matthew came over to Plymouth Colony sometime after his parents.
References
Mayflower passengers
1575 births
1621 deaths
People buried in Cole's Hill
Big room house

Big room house is a house music subgenre. It takes the melodic and progressive nature of progressive house and combines it with the energy of electro house. It is characterized by emotional breakdowns with long build-ups followed by an energetic drop. Instead of electro house, big room house's drops are melodic.
Origins
Big room house was born in the 2000s as an evolution of progressive house. It found a growing mainstream attention since 2010, also thanks to the spread through international music festivals such as Tomorrowland and Ultra Music Festival.
Other websites
http://1001djs.wikia.com/wiki/Big_Room_%28Genre%29
http://www.reddit.com/r/BigRoom
http://thissongissick.com/blog/tag/big-room-house/
Fusion music genres
2010s in music
Korniakt Tower

The Korniakt Tower or Kornyak Tower is an architectural monument in Lviv, Ukraine. It is an important monument to the nation. The tower is located on 9 Pidvalna Street in Lviv. It is a part of the Assumption Church.
History
The tower was built during the Renaissance as a bell tower of the Church of the Assumption. It was designed by architect Peter Barbon from 1572 ro 1578. Paul the Roman help with the design. The cost was paid for by Constantine Kornyakt. He was a merchant of Lviv of Greek origin.
According to Vaclav Urban in the Polish Biographical Dictionary, the tower was built instead of writing off 1,000 zlotys of debt .
Before the construction was finished, a large bell was hung on the tower. At the time, it was, the largest bell in Galicia. The bell had a diameter of . It was named "Cyril". There were problems between the Assumption Brotherhood and the Dominicans, who had their own monastery nearby, over this bell. The Dominicans complained to the magistrate and the king that the bell was larger than all the bells in the Polish state. The monks said that the bell was too loud. This caused them problems with listening to the sermon in the church. Cyril soon began to act as the city's main bell. It was used to announce military danger, fires, natural disasters and the deaths of the most well known people living in Lviv.
In 1616, a fire destroyed a large part of the city. It caused a large amount of damage to the street. The tower was also badly damaged: its tin-lead roof melted.
Architecture
The bell tower is square. It was built of broken stone and surrounded by hewn stone. Polychrome is used in the decoration. The tower is connected with the northern facade of the Church of the Assumption. The facades are decorated with pilasters of the Tuscan order . They have long red arched niches with small window openings. Each tier of the tower is smaller than the one below it. The total height of the tower without the cross is .
It is thought that the design for the tower was based on the Tower of S. Spirito in Rome. The tower is also similar tothe towers of the churches of Madonna del Orto and St Stephen in Venice.
Lviv
Buildings and structures in Ukraine
Borna, Leipzig

Borna () is a town in the rural district Leipzig, in Saxony, Germany. It is also the capital of this district. It is located about southeast of Leipzig.
References
Other websites
Official website
Leipzig (district)
Antoine Lahad

Antoine Lahad (1927 - 10 September 2015) was a Lebanese general and leader of the South Lebanon Army (SLA) from 1984 until 2000.
Lahad died in Paris on 10 September 2015 from a heart attack, aged 88.
References
1927 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Generals
Lebanese Christians
Lebanese military people
Heta

Heta (uppercase/lowercase ) is another name for the letter Eta (E), a letter of the Greek alphabet, and also for some other variant forms of it. This name is used to show that this letter at first was pronounced as "h", just like in Latin. Later, in the Ionian dialect of Greek, people stopped pronouncing the sound "h", and therefore they gave the letter a new meaning and used it for a long "e" sound instead. Some other dialects then took over this new letter "Eta", and so they had to find a new form for the letter for "h". In some dialects they invented a new letter "" to stand for "h". Today, the name "Heta" is also used for this letter.
Greek alphabet
Cory Redding

Cory Bartholomew Redding (born November 15, 1980) is an American former professional football defensive tackle. He played 13 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Detroit Lions, Seattle Seahawks, Baltimore Ravens, Indianapolis Colts, and Arizona Cardinals. Redding was drafted out of the University of Texas by the Detroit Lions with the 66th pick in the third round of the 2003 NFL Draft. On June 29, 2016, Redding announced that he was retiring from playing professional football.
References
Other websites
Profile on NFL.com
1980 births
American football defensive ends
Sportspeople from Houston
Arizona Cardinals players
Baltimore Ravens players
Detroit Lions players
Indianapolis Colts players
Living people
Seattle Seahawks players
Boussicourt

Boussicourt is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
2023 FIFA Women's World Cup Group D

In the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup, Group D is a part of the tournament where teams compete against each other. It will happen from July 20th to July 30th, 2023. The teams in this group are England, Haiti, Denmark and China. The two best teams from this group will move on to the next round, called the round of 16.
Teams
Notes
Standings
In the round of 16:
The winners of Group D will advance to play the runners-up of Group B.
The runners-up of Group D will advance to play the winners of Group B.
Matches
All times listed are local.
England vs Haiti
Denmark vs China
England vs Denmark
China vs Haiti
China vs England
Haiti vs Denmark
References
2023 FIFA Women's World Cup
Diane and Guilford Glazer Institute of Jewish Studies

The Institute of Jewish Studies in Nanjing, China has a connection with the Department of Religious Studies at Nanjing University.
It was created in January, 1992, after friendship between Israel and the People's Republic of China started over again. It gives classes in Jewish lessons where there are over 200 students each year, and has published a Chinese kind of the Encyclopaedia Judaica, and other books or other things released. It has now created both masters and Ph.D. programs in Jewish leasons, the only Chinese school that has ever done that. It had an worldwide seminar on The Holocaust and the killing of people due to their skin color or religion in World War II on August 7-12, 2005, in Nanjing.
It was renamed the Diane and Guilford Glazer Institute of Jewish Studies after a quarters for it from the Diane and Guilford Glazer Foundation was built in a new building at the school in 2006. It is planned that it will become part of a larger Nanjing University-Johns Hopkins University Institute for International Research.
The director of the school is professor Xu Xin.
Related pages
Institute of Jewish Studies at University College London
References
Other websites
Chinese Judaic Studies Association
Judaism
Clarence White

Clarence White (born Clarence Joseph LeBlanc; June 7, 1944 - July 14, 1973), was an American bluegrass and country guitarist and singer. He is best known as a member of the bluegrass ensemble the Kentucky Colonels and the rock band the Byrds. He was born in Lewiston, Maine.
White died on July 14, 1973 in Palmdale, California after being struck and killed by a drunk driver at the age of 29.
References
Other websites
The Clarence White Forum
Clarence White discography at Byrds Flyght
The Essential Clarence White Bluegrass Guitar Leads Retrieved April 19, 2009.
Byrd Watcher: Clarence White. Retrieved October 5, 2008.
1944 births
1973 deaths
Road accident deaths in California
American country guitarists
American country singers
American bluegrass musicians
Musicians from Maine
Singers from Maine
People from Lewiston, Maine
Kastl, Amberg-Sulzbach

Kastl is a market town in the district of Amberg-Sulzbach in the Upper Palatinate, in Bavaria, Germany.
References
Other websites
Official homepage of the municipality of Kastl
Amberg-Sulzbach
Balaenoptera

Balaenoptera is the largest genus of the Rorqual whales, containing eight species, including the recently discovered Balaenoptera omurai in 2003. The only rorqual whale which is currently not classified as a member of the genus Balaenoptera is the Humpback Whale, Megaptera novaeangliae.
Baleen whales
Mike Eastwood

Michael Barry Eastwood (born July 1, 1967 in Ottawa, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey centre that played 13 seasons in National Hockey League (NHL).
He played college hockey at Western Michigan University. Eastwood was drafted by the Toronto Maple Leafs with the 91st overall pick in the 1987 NHL Draft.
Eastwood played in the NHL for seven teams, Toronto Maple Leafs from 1991 to 1995, Winnipeg Jets from 1994 to 1996, Phoenix Coyotes during the 1996-97 NHL season, New York Rangers from 1996 to 1998, St. Louis Blues from 1997 to 2003, Chicago Blackhawks during the 2002-03 NHL season and the Pittsburgh Penguins during the 2003-04 NHL season. He retired in 2004 and currently co-hosts the Ottawa Senators post-game show with Scott MacArthur.
References
Other websites
Canadian ice hockey centres
Chicago Blackhawks players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
New York Rangers players
Sportspeople from Ottawa
Phoenix Coyotes players
Pittsburgh Penguins players
St. John's Maple Leafs players
St. Louis Blues players
Toronto Maple Leafs players
Winnipeg Jets (1979-96) players
1967 births
Living people
American Hockey League players
Ari Ne'eman

Ari Ne'eman (pronounced neh-uh-MAHN; born December 10, 1987) is an American autism rights activist. He was born in East Brunswick, New Jersey. After he graduated from high school he started the Autistic Self Advocacy Network. Ne'eman was nominated by President Obama to the National Council on Disability in 2009.
References
1987 births
People on the autism spectrum
American activists
People from East Brunswick, New Jersey
Living people
Disability activists
Zarumilla River

The Zarumilla River is a river in South America. It marks the border between Peru and Ecuador. It is named after the Peruvian town of Zarumilla.
Rivers of Ecuador
Rivers of Peru
Ford C-Max

Ford C-Max is a car produced by Ford Motor Company from 2003 to 2019. It was originally called the Focus C-Max before it had a facelift in 2007. It entered its 2nd generation in 2010 and is available in 5-seat and Grand 7-seat versions. It was facelifted in 2015 and in 2019, Ford ended production of it.
Engines
Petrol
1.6 74 kW (100 hp)
1.8 92 kW (125 hp)
2.0 107 kW (145 hp)
Diesel
1.6 TDCi 66 kW (90 hp) and 80 kW (109 hp)
1.8 TDCi 85 kW (115 hp)
2.0 TDCi 81 kW (110 hp) and 100 kW (136 hp)
2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
C-Max
Chris Schenkel

Christopher Eugene "Chris" Schenkel (August 21, 1923 - September 11, 2005) was an American sportscaster.
In 1947, he called the first American football game ever broadcast on television. It was a Harvard-Army game. In 1952 he began calling New York Giants games. In 1956, he began to also call boxing, the Triple Crown horse racing, and The Masters golf tournament, and other events. Along with Chuck Thompson, Schenkel called the 1958 NFL Championship Game.
ABC Sports hired Schenkel in 1965. There he broadcast college football, Major League Baseball, NBA basketball, golf and tennis tournaments, boxing, auto racing, and the Summer and Winter Olympic Games. He also had a long-term assignment covering professional bowling, mainly for the Professional Bowlers Association.
Schenkel was named National Sportscaster of the Year four times. In 1992 he received a lifetime achievement Emmy. Also in 1992, the Pro Football Hall of Fame gave Schenkel its Pete Rozelle Radio-Television Award. In 1999, he received the Jim Thorpe Lifetime Achievement Award.
In 1999, the Professional Bowlers Association named the Player of the Year award after Schenkel.
References
1923 births
2005 deaths
Bowling broadcasters
Tennis broadcasters
Golf broadcasters
Motorsports broadcasters
Boxing broadcasters
Olympic Games broadcasters
College basketball broadcasters
College football broadcasters
National Football League broadcasters
Major League Baseball broadcasters
National Basketball Association broadcasters
Emmy Award winners
Arts et Métiers ParisTech

Arts et Metiers ParisTech (ENSAM or Ecole nationale superieure d'arts et metiers) is a graduate engineering school in France.
It awards the following French & European degrees:
Ingenieur ENSAM (ENSAM Graduate engineer Masters level program)
Masters Recherche & Doctorat (PhD doctorate studies )
Masteres Specialises (MS)
Massive Online Open Course
Classes are mainly in French and English. The school has 6300 students from a lot of countries. Most of the students live in dedicated housing buildings nearby.
Research labs
Research activities at Arts et Metiers ParisTech relate to the following topics:
Fluid dynamics
Mechanical engineering
Electrical engineering and electronics
Materials and methods
Biomechanics and microstructures
Information science
References
More reading
Official website
Technical colleges and universities in Paris
1780 establishments
18th-century establishments in France
1780s establishments in Europe
Westpac Outstanding Women Award

The Westpac Outstanding Women Award (WOW Award) rewards women in Papua New Guinea whose work significantly improves life in the country. The women who win this award are leaders in the country. 2012 WOW Award Winner, Susil Nelson-Kongoi, said: "Despite being one of the most resource rich nations on earth, Papua New Guinea still ranks as one of the world's poorest in terms of economic capacity." Like many other countries, women do not have equality in Papua New Guinea. This award encourages higher status for women. The women who win improve the economy of Papua New Guinea. It rewards specific women who have done a lot of hard work to change the status of women. The award is for women in many different kinds of work. The winners inspire girls to know what jobs they can do.
The women who win a WOW gets money for their education. They get help from experienced workers in their profession. They get to meet other women with similar at an Australian Executive Women's Leadership meeting. They also win a cash prize.
Prize history
The WOW Award started in 2006. It was called the Westpac Women in Business Award. The award got a new name in 2013: Westpac Outstanding Women Award. It was sponsored by Westpac PNG.
Categories
Public Sector Award
Entrepreneurship Award
Private Sector Award
Community Responsibility Award
Young Achiever
Sports Award
Not for Profit Award
Westpac Outsanding Woman Award (one top winner, chosen from the winners of the other categories)
Selection
Anyone can nominate a woman for a WOW Award. A group of business people and community members pick the winners. They interview the women who were nominated to find the women who are the best leaders and who are the most inspirational. They check that the women do honest and high-quality work. They check if the women have lots of achievements related to the award. They select award recipients.
Award winners
References
Papua New Guinean awards
Awards established in 2006
2006 establishments in Papua New Guinea
Military Merit Cross (Austria-Hungary)

The Military Merit Cross (German: Militarverdienstkreuz, Croatian: Vojni kriz za zasluge) was a decoration of the Empire of Austria and, after the establishment of the Dual Monarchy in 1867, the Empire of Austria-Hungary. It was first established on 22 October 1849 and underwent several revisions to its design and award criteria over the years of its existence. It became obsolete in 1918 with the fall of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
References
Military honors
Orders, decorations, and medals
Austria-Hungary
Farges-Allichamps

Farges-Allichamps is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 249 people lived there in January 2019.
Population
References
Communes in Cher
Shegufta Bakht Chaudhuri

Shegufta Bakht Chaudhuri (known as S B Chaudhuri; 1931 - 11 November 2020) was a Bangladeshi economist and politician. He was the fourth governor of Bangladesh Bank from 1987 to 1992. He was born in Habiganj District, Bengal Presidency.
Chaudhuri died on 11 November 2020 in Dhaka.
References
1931 births
2020 deaths
Bangladeshi politicians
Bangladeshi Muslims
Bangladeshi businesspeople
Bangladeshi economists
Étréchy, Cher

Etrechy is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 427 people lived there in January 2019.
Population
References
Communes in Cher
Biochar

Biochar is a type of charcoal added to soil that acts as plant food, or fertilizer. Biochar is made by heating biomass like wood in an oven to very high temperatures. This removes all of the water and easy to burn material from the biomass leaving only carbon. The final result is fragile and dark black charcoal.
Uses
Carbon sink
Biochar is made from organic material known as biomass. Biomass is mostly made from carbon. Carbon in biomass is captured from carbon dioxide in the air by plants. This means that when biochar is made carbon that was once in the air is made into a solid material. Biochar can last a very long time in soil and even longer in containers.
Some people propose making biochar to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the atmosphere, causing climate change. If a lot of biochar were made then there would be less carbon dioxide in the air, meaning less heat would be trapped. This is known as a carbon sink, because the carbon is sunk or put into a long lasting material instead of floating in the air.
Soil amendment
When biochar is made the biomass it is made from has most of its material removed. This means that biochar is very light and filled with tiny holes. These holes can hold water and nutrients which act as food for plants growing in biochar. Biochar can be soaked in nutrients to "charge" it which makes it a very good soil additive or fertilizer. The holes in biochar can also trap toxins which make water unsafe.
Biochar was used by people in the Amazon to make their poor quality soil better for growing food. This made the soil very dark and the dark soil can still be seen today.
Slash-and-char
In some rainforest places the forests are cleared for farming. When the forests are cleared they are usually cut down and burned. This process is called slash-and-burn and doesn't leave very many nutrients in the soil. If the forests were cleared and turned into biochar rather than burned the soil would have more nutrients. This is known as slash-and-char and would make the soil better for farming.
Animal food
Biochar can be mixed with molasses for use as animal food. The biochar helps digestion and reduces the amount of methane produced by cows. Feces from animals that eat biochar is a high quality fertilizer.
Commercial sector
Biochar is mainly sold by fertilizer companies to people who grow plants. This may change. There are many tons of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which is causing climate change. Many countries have agreed that this is a problem. In the future it may cost money to release carbon dioxide. If people who remove carbon dioxide are paid then there could be businesses which remove carbon dioxide for money. One way a business like that could remove carbon dioxide is by growing plants and turning them into biochar. This removes a large amount of carbon dioxide and could be very profitable in the future.
References
Materials
Luca Bucci

Luca Bucci (born 13 March 1969) is an Italian football player. He has played for Italy national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1986-87||Parma||Serie B||1||0
|-
|1987-88||Pro Patria||Serie C2||1||0
|-
|1988-89||Rimini||Serie C1||1||0
|-
|1989-90||Parma||Serie B||4||0
|-
|1990-91||rowspan="2"|Casertana||Serie C1||32||0
|-
|1991-92||Serie B||35||0
|-
|1992-93||Reggiana||Serie B||36||0
|-
|1993-94||rowspan="4"|Parma||rowspan="4"|Serie A||32||0
|-
|1994-95||30||0
|-
|1995-96||26||0
|-
|1996-97||7||0
|-
|1996-97||Perugia||Serie A||17||0
|-
|1997-98||rowspan="6"|Torino||rowspan="2"|Serie B||19||0
|-
|1998-99||20||0
|-
|1999-00||Serie A||32||0
|-
|2000-01||Serie B||35||0
|-
|2001-02||rowspan="2"|Serie A||30||0
|-
|2002-03||24||0
|-
|2003-04||Empoli||Serie A||17||0
|-
|2004-05||rowspan="4"|Parma||rowspan="4"|Serie A||2||0
|-
|2005-06||22||0
|-
|2006-07||26||0
|-
|2007-08||31||0
|-
|2008-09||Napoli||Serie A||||
480||0
480||0
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1994||1||0
|-
|1995||2||0
|-
!Total||3||0
|}
References
1969 births
Living people
Italian association football goalkeepers
Sportspeople from Bologna
Alan Woan

Alan Woan (8 February 1931 - 12 February 2021) was an English professional footballer. He played as an inside forward. He made a total of 289 Football League appearances for Norwich City, Northampton Town, Crystal Palace and Aldershot scoring 140 goals.
He also played non-league football for New Brighton and Chertsey Town.
Woan died four days after his 90th birthday.
References
Other websites
Alan Woan at holmesdale.net
Where are they now? Aldershot F.C.
1931 births
2021 deaths
English footballers
Sportspeople from Liverpool
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Liberal Party of Canada

The Liberal Party of Canada () is a political party in Canada. The party is considered to be centre to centre-left. The party was the Official Opposition after it lost the 2006 election, until the NDP became the Official Opposition in 2011. They won the election in 2015.
The current party leader is the Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau.
Provincial and territorial parties
Every provinces and one territory in Canada have its own Liberal Party. However, only the parties in New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island are part of the federal Liberal Party. Some of the other provincial parties might have very similar political ideologies but they are different political parties. These parties might have different members and different funding.
Notes
References
Other websites
Official website
Political parties in Canada
1867 establishments in Canada
Liberal parties
Austin Eubanks

Stephen Austin Eubanks (October 8, 1981 - May 18, 2019) was an American motivational speaker. He was a survivor of the Columbine High School massacre in 1999. He was shot in his hand and knee by shooter Dylan Klebold, and his friend Corey DePooter was murdered in the shooting. After the massacre, Eubanks became addicted to opioids. He later was a motivational speaker on drug addiction recovery. Eubanks was divorced and had two children.
Eubanks was found dead on May 18, 2019 in Steamboat Springs, Colorado. He was 37. His death was confirmed as an accidental overdose of heroin.
References
Other websites
1981 births
2019 deaths
American activists
Columbine High School massacre
Drug-related accidental deaths in the United States
Public speaking
Bourguignon-sous-Montbavin

Bourguignon-sous-Montbavin is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Treaty of Tartu (Estonia–Russia)

The Tartu Peace Treaty is an international agreement signed between Estonia and Soviet Russia in Tartu on February 2, 1920. It marked the end of the War of Independence. It fixed Estonia's eastern border, and Soviet Russia recognized the independence of the Republic of Estonia. This was the first time that Estonia was recognised as an independent country. It was the first treaty the soviets signed.
Before that Estonia had been a province of Imperial Russia since 1721.
Russia gave up "forever all sovereign rights that Russia had regarding the people and land of Estonia". Estonia got rid of all obligations to Russia and got 15 million gold rubles or 11.6 tons of gold from the Russian gold fund. In the 1920s, Soviet Russia sold a large part of the huge reserves of gold and precious metals taken from people and churches to Western countries through the Estonian bank G. Scheel & Co. Many Estonian businessmen and the Estonian state became rich because of this. The Russians did not do everything they agreed to. The things they took from the collections of the University of Tartu were not returned - and still havent been. Some land granted to Estonia by the Treaty is still under Russian control.
After the treaty about 38,000 Estonians moved from Russia to Estonia. More people wanted to move and were stopped by the Russians.
References
History of Estonia
History of the Soviet Union
1920s treaties
Cartagena, Colombia

Cartagena (pronounced in Spanish; the usual English pronunciation is or ), also known as Cartagena de Indias (Cartagena of the West Indies), is a large city seaport on the northern coast of Colombia. It is the capital of the Bolivar Department. As of 2005, it has a population of roughly 895,400. It was founded in 1533 by Don Pedro de Heredia, and named after the port of Cartagena in Spain's Murcia region. It was a major centre of early Spanish settlement in the Americas, and continues to be an economic hub as well as a popular tourist destination.
Other websites
An old map of the city from 1735
Cities in Colombia
Capitals of Colombian departments
1533 establishments
1530s establishments in the Spanish Empire
Riesa-Großenhain

Riesa-Grossenhain was a district in the Free State of Saxony, Germany. The district was created in 1994 by joining the two previous districts Riesa and Grossenhain. It ended in 2008.
Coat of arms
Towns and municipalities
Other websites
Official website (German)
2008 disestablishments in Germany
Persian Armenia

Persian Armenia means the Armenian land ruled by Persia in some time. The size of Persian Armenia changed over time.
History of Iran
History of Armenia
Daptomycin

Daptomycin is a natural antibiotic used to treat gram-positive bacterial infections. A unique mechanism of action has allowed low rates of bacterial cross-resistance to daptomycin, making it an effective treatment to severe infection such as Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) and Methicillin-reistant Staphlococcus aureus (MRSA).
Nomenclature and structure
Daptomycin is also commonly referred to as Cubicin or abbreviated to DAP. It is a lipopeptide, meaning that it is made of a combination of fatty acids and protein complexes. Daptomycin is biosynthetic, first extracted from Streptomyces roseosporus.
Medicine
Daptomycin is used to treat the following medical conditions:
right-handed myocarditis infection
complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSIs)
meningitis
bacteraemia
sepsis
urinary tract infection
Mechanism of action
Daptomycin kills gram-positive bacteria by changing the structure of the cell membrane. Daptomycin enters the bacterial cell membrane by chemical exchange with calcium ions and phospholipid phosphatidylglycerol (PG).
References
Antibiotics
Larisa Shoygu

Larisa Kuzhugetovna Shoygu (, 21 January 1953 - 10 June 2021) was a Russian politician. She was a Deputy of the State Duma from 2007 until her death. She was a member of United Russia. Shoygu was born in Chadan, Soviet Union.
Shoygu died on 10 June 2021, at a hospital in Moscow from a stroke caused by COVID-19, aged 68.
References
1953 births
2021 deaths
Russian politicians
Deaths from stroke
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia
Dan Aykroyd

Daniel Edward Aykroyd (born July 1, 1952) is a Canadian actor in theater and motion pictures. He also is a script writer, director and producer.
Short biography
Aykroyd was born in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. His parents were Peter and Lorraine Aykroyd. He studied criminology and social science at Carleton University. He dropped out to join a Toronto acting company. Later he went to the United States to pursue his acting career in movies.
Dan Aykroyd is a dedicated Blues fan. For some time he hosted a radio program. He used the alias Elwood Blues. This alias he would later use in the motion pictures The Blues Brothers and Blues Brothers 2000. The first of these movies was co-starred by John Belushi, the second one by John Goodman.
Aykroyd is married to Donna Dixon. They are parents of 3 daughters. Dan's brother Peter Ayrkroyd is a researcher.
Aykroyd is a Spiritualist.
Partial filmography
As producer
Soul Man (1997) TV series (supervising producer)
Blues Brothers 2000 (1998)
As director
Nothing But Trouble (1991)
As writer
Saturday Night Live (TV series)
The Blues Brothers (1980)
Ghostbusters (1984)
Blues Brothers 2000 (1998)
References
Other websites
Actors from Ottawa
Canadian movie actors
Canadian movie directors
Canadian movie producers
Canadian screenwriters
Canadian television actors
Canadian television producers
Canadian television writers
Canadian voice actors
Emmy Award winners
1952 births
Living people
People on the autism spectrum
Gianpaolo Bissi

Gianpaolo Bissi (2 May 1941 - 23 June 2022) was an Italian politician. He was a member of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party. He was in the Senate of the Republic from 1987 to 1992. Bissi was born in Teglio, Italy.
Bissi died in Teglio on 23 June 2022 at the age of 81.
References
1941 births
2022 deaths
Italian politicians
Sochaux

Sochaux is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France, near Montbeliard.
Economy
Sochaux is the site of a large industrial facility of the French car manufacturer PSA Peugeot Citroen. As of late 2005, about 16,000 people are employed there. The Peugeot automobile museum is located here.
Sport
The FC Sochaux-Montbeliard football club is in the commune.
References
Other websites
Official website
The Peugeot Museum at Sochaux
Communes in Doubs
Sexual conflict

Sexual conflict is a term in evolutionary biology. It occurs in a species when what benefits the females is different from what benefits the males.
The word 'benefit' here means 'what benefits the reproduction of the female's (or male's) genes. It is expressed as a difference in biological fitness.
The conflict can lead to an evolutionary arms race between males and females. It has primarily been studied in animals, though it can in principle apply to any sexually reproducing organism, such as plants and fungi.
Fundamental difference of interest
In sexual reproduction there is, from the point of view of evolution, a fundamental difference of interest between males and females. This difference of interest plays out differently in different species.
Males
Their interest is to mate with a large number of completely faithful females, thus spreading their genes widely in the population.
Females
Their interest is to mate with a large number of fit males, thus producing a large number of fit and varied offspring.
Examples
A well-documented example is the seminal fluid of Drosophila melanogaster, which up-regulates females' egg-laying rate and reduces her desire to re-mate with another male (serving the male's interests), but also shortens the female's lifespan, so reducing her fitness."A hormone called 'sex peptide'... causes the female to become uninterested in mating... also males have components in their sperm which kill old sperm from previous males".92
The same set of alleles in males and females may have different optima: they are expressed differently in the sexes. A classic example is the human pelvis, where females need larger hips for childbirth. A narrower hip size is better for locomotion. The genes that affect hip size must reach a compromise that is at neither the male optimum nor the female optimum. In some cases, the loci involved are expressed differently in males and females. Evidence indicates that intralocus conflict is important in the evolution of many traits.
Sexual conflict may lead to antagonistic co-evolution, in which one sex (usually males) evolves a favorable trait which is countered by a trait in the other sex. For example, male bean weevils (Callosobruchus maculatus) have spiny genitalia. These allow them to copulate for a longer time without getting dislodged, and so transfer more sperm. However, this damages the female and reduces her fitness. Females have evolved the counteradaptation of kicking at males during mating, which reduces the time spent in copulation.
Some regard sexual conflict as a subset of sexual selection (which was traditionally regarded as mutualistic), while others suggest it is a separate evolutionary phenomenon.
Related pages
Courtship in animals
References
Evolutionary biology
953

953 was a common year.
Events
Liudolf, Duke of Swabia and Conrad the Red rebel against German King Otto I.
Births
Charles, Duke of Lower Lorraine
Herbert III, Count of Vermandois
Al-Karaji, Persian mathematician and engineer
Kisai Marvazi, Persian poet
Deaths
Abas I of Armenia, King of Armenia
Ismail al-Mansur. third Fatimid Caliph
Empress Dowager Yingtian of the Liao Dynasty
Muhammad bin Musafir, Sallarid ruler of Tarum and Iranian Azerbaijan
Rasso, Bavarian count, military leader, pilgrim, and saint.
Rhodri ap Hywel, king of Deheubarth
Wister, Oklahoma

Wister is a town in Oklahoma in the United States.
Towns in Oklahoma
Absolute Power (movie)

Absolute Power is a 1997 American crime thriller movie directed by Clint Eastwood (who also stars) and was based on the 1996 novel of the same name by David Baldacci. It also stars Gene Hackman, Ed Harris, Laura Linney, Scott Glenn, Dennis Haysbert, Judy Davis, E. G. Marshall, Kenneth Walsh, Richard Jenkins and was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
Other websites
1997 crime thriller movies
American crime thriller movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Clint Eastwood
Columbia Pictures movies
Kiara Advani

Alia Advani (born 31 July 1992) is an Indian actress. She is professionally known as Kiara Advani (). She mainly appears in Hindi movies. She made her acting debut in the 2014 comedy movie Fugly. The film was a flop at the box-office. Advani got her first successful role in the 2016 sports biopic M.S. Dhoni: The Untold Story. She was in a brief role in the movie. Her career progressed with a role in the Telugu political drama Bharat Ane Nenu (2018). In 2019, Advani starred in the Hindi romantic drama Kabir Singh and the comedy Good Newwz.
Early life and background
Advani was born on 31 July 1992 in Bombay, Maharashtra. Her father Jagdeep Advani is a Sindhi Hindu businessman. Her mother Genevieve Jaffrey is a teacher. Her maternal father was a Muslim from Lucknow. Her maternal grandmother was a Christian of Scottish, Irish, Portuguese, and Spanish ancestry. She was born as Alia Advani. She changed her first name to Kiara before the release of her first movie Fugly in 2014. She has said that Salman Khan suggested her to change the name from Alia to Kiara.
She changed her name because Alia Bhatt had the same name. In an interview to Filmfare in 2019, she said that the name was inspired from Priyanka Chopra's character Kiara in the movie Anjaana Anjaani. She is the eldest child of Jagdeep Advani and Genevieve Advani. Advani has a younger brother, Mishaal. She is also related to many celebrities through her maternal family. Actors Ashok Kumar and Saeed Jaffrey are her step-great-grandfather and great-uncle respectively. Model Shaheen Jaffrey is her aunt.
Career
Advani made her acting debut with the 2014 comedy-drama Fugly. It was directed by Kabir Sadanand. She acted alongside an ensemble. The cast includes Mohit Marwah, Arfi Lamba, Vijender Singh, and Jimmy Sheirgill. The movie was a flop at the box office.
References
Other websites
1992 births
Living people
Indian movie actors
Actors from Mumbai
Winona Ryder

Winona Laura Horowitz (born October 29, 1971), better known under her professional name Winona Ryder, is an American actress. She started her career in 1986. She first appeared in the movie Lucas in 1986. Her first big role came in 1988 with Beetlejuice as Lydia Deetz, a Gothic teenager.
Ryder had other big roles in Edward Scissorhands (1990), Heathers (1989), Dracula (1992) and Girl, Interrupted (1999). She was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in The Age of Innocence (1993), and for Academy Award for Best Actress for her role as "Jo" in Little Women in 1995. She did not win either of the awards. In 2000, Ryder received a star on the Walk of Fame in Hollywood, California.
Filmography
References
Other websites
1971 births
Living people
Actors from Minnesota
American movie actors
American movie producers
American television actors
Rhythmic Songs Chart

The Rhythmic Songs Chart is a monitored airplay chart in Billboard Magazine. The chart tracks the 40 most popular singles being played on 68 monitored rhythmic radio stations in the United States. Arbitron sometimes calls it rhythmic contemporary hit radio The chart was introduced on October 3, 1992, with "End of The Road" by Boyz II Men as the first number-one single.
References
Other websites
Current BDS Rhythmic Top 40 chart (updated weekly)
Billboard charts