pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Yiddish

Yiddish is a language used by some Jews. At first, it was a dialect of German that Jews began to use in Europe about 1000 years ago. It was and still is used in the United States, especially in New York City, and other countries that now have Jews.
Most Yiddish words come from German, but many words are also from Hebrew and Slavic languages, especially Polish, and some from French, Hungarian and Latin. Yiddish is written usually by the Hebrew alphabet.
In the world, Yiddish is spoken by about 3 million people, mainly Hasidic Jews.
European Charter
In the Netherlands and Sweden, Yiddish is protected by the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.
Related pages
Ladino language
References
Other websites
Di Velt fun Yidish: Audio Stories
Zirl

Zirl is a market town in the district of Innsbruck-Land in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Tyrol (state)
Amor asteroid

An amor asteroid is a group of asteroids found near Earth that were named after 1221 Amor. While some other kinds of asteroids cross over Mars' and Earth's orbits, nearly all of the amor asteroids do not. The best known amor asteroid is 433 Eros. It circled around and landed upon by the NEAR Shoemaker. About 1,200 of all the asteroids in space are amor asteroids, with about 200 of them numbered, or given a number. Only 50 amor asteroids are named.
Some notable amor asteroids
The following are a few of the most notable amor asteroids, in reverse order of discovery:
Related pages
List of named Amor asteroids
Other websites
List of Amor minor planets
Orquesta Sinfónica Simón Bolívar

The Orquesta Sinfonica Simon Bolivar (Simon Bolivar Symphony Orchestra) is a youth orchestra from Venezuela. The musicians are nearly all in their 20s. The orchestra was started by the economist Jose Antonio Abreu in 1975. Children from poor backgrounds had been given the opportunity, by the Venezuelan government, to learn a musical instrument. The orchestra consists of some of the best of these players.
The conductor Gustavo Dudamel has been the orchestra's artistic director since 1999. They have made recordings of music by Beethoven as well as Latin American music.
They became internationally famous when they played at the BBC Proms in London in August 2007.
Other websites
El Sistema's official website (FESNOJIV)
Youth orchestras
Ear

The ear is the part of the body which allows animals (including people) to hear. People and most mammals have ears. Non-mammals, such as lizards or frogs, can also hear, but may have holes instead of external ears. The ear works by directing sound waves to the inner ear. These vibrations are sent to the brain by an organized group of nerves. This system is called the auditory system. (Auditory meaning relating to hearing and how we hear)
The inner ear is in most vertebrates, but mammals have special adaptations for hearing which even other land vertebrates do not have. These include the external ear and the three little bones which transmit sounds to the brain (the ossicles). The part of the ear that sticks out and can be seen is called the pinna.
Ears are also used in other ways. African elephants use their large ears to cool themselves when it is very hot. Bats rely on their ears to find prey by echolocation. Some animals use their ears for signalling to each other.
Other hearing
In ordinary language, "ear" refers to this receptor which conducts sound and sends signals to the brain. It does not refer to the many other methods of hearing found in fish and invertebrates. Many animals do not hear through ears. Spiders have small hairs on their legs that they can hear with.
Related pages
Inner ear
Basic English 850 words
Sarracenia

Sarracenia ( or ) is a genus of 8 to 11 species of carnivorous plants. They are often called trumpet pitchers. The genus is in the family Sarraceniaceae. That family also contains Darlingtonia and Heliamphora.
In the wild, Sarracenia grows around the East Coast of the United States, Texas, the Great Lakes area and southeast Canada. Most species grow only in the southeast United States. Only S. purpurea can live in cold places. The plant's leaves have evolved into a funnel in order to trap insects. The plant digests its food with proteases and other enzymes.
Ericales
Carnivorous plants
Tonight's the Night

Tonight's the Night could refer to one of several things:
Movies
Tonight's the Night (1934 movie), a 1934 British movie starring Leslie Fuller
An alternative title for the 1954 movie Happy Ever After
Musicals
To-Night's the Night (musical) (1914)
Tonight's the Night (2003 musical), written by Ben Elton, featuring the music of Rod Stewart
Albums
Tonight's the Night (The Shirelles album) (1961), featuring the hit "Will You Love Me Tomorrow".
Tonight's the Night (Neil Young album) (1975)
Songs
"Tonight Is the Night" (song), a dance song recorded by Outasight in 2011.
"Tonight's the Night" (song), a R&B song recorded by The Shirelles in 1961.
"Tonight's the Night" (Little Birdy song), a Little Birdy song
"Tonight's the Night (Gonna Be Alright)", a song by Rod Stewart.
"Tonight's the Night", cover by Janet Jackson on her album The Velvet Rope.
"Tonight's the Night", a rock and roll song from Rock 'n' Roll Stage Show (1956) by Bill Haley & His Comets
"Tonight's the Night", from Tonight's the Night (Neil Young album).
"Tonight Is the Night", an R&B song recorded by Betty Wright in 1974.
"Tonight's the Night", a 2006 dance song by Gina G.
"Tonight's the Night", a song by Pink from her album Try This.
"Tonight Is the Night (That You Make Me a Woman)", a 1975 R&B song by Betty Wright.
"Tonight's the Night! (You Are Miss USA)", an opening number at Miss USA 1995 pageant
"Tonite's tha Night", a song by Kriss Kross from their third album.
Television
Tonight's the Night (movie), a 1954 movie starring David Niven
Tonight's the Night (TV series), a 2009 BBC series
"Tonight's the Night", an episode of the sitcom Grounded for Life.
"Tonight's the Night" (Popular episode) (1999) from the television show
First line of Showtime's 2006 TV series Dexter
Mazères, Ariège

Mazeres is a commune in the Ariege department in southwestern France.
Communes in Ariege
Cytokine storm

A cytokine storm is an overreaction of the body's immune system. It can be deadly. It consists of a positive feedback loop between cytokines and immune cells.
It is believed that cytokine storms were responsible for many of the deaths during the 1918 influenza pandemic, which killed a disproportionate number of young adults. In this case, a healthy immune system may have been a liability rather than an asset. Preliminary research results from Hong Kong also suggest this as the probable reason for many deaths during the SARS epidemic in 2003. Human deaths from the bird flu H5N1 usually involve cytokine storms as well.
Related pages
Signal (biology)
References
Immunology
Diseases
Mamat Khalid

Mohamad bin Mohamad Khalid, known professionally as Mamat Khalid (6 April 1963 - 24 October 2021) was a Malaysian screenwriter, movie director and actor. He was born in Ipoh, Perak, Federation of Malaya. His career began in 1996. His best known works were Puteri Gunung Ledang, Zombi Kampung Pisang and Hantu Kak Limah.
In 2018, Khalid was diagnosed with heart disease. He died on 24 October 2021 at a hospital in Slim River, Malaysia from problems caused by the disease, aged 58.
References
1963 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from heart disease
Malaysian actors
Asian writers
Movie directors
Screenwriters
The Poodles

The Poodles were a glam metal/heavy metal band from Sweden.
Discography
Albums
Metal Will Stand Tall (2006)
Sweet Trade (2007)
Clash of the Elements (2009)
Performocracy (2011)
Tour De Force (2013)
Devil in the Details (2015)
Prisma (2018)
Singles
"Night of Passion" (2006)
"Metal Will Stand Tall" feat. Tess Merkel (2006)
"Song for You" (2006)
"Seven Seas" feat. Peter Stormare (2007)
"Streets of Fire" (2007)
"Line of Fire" feat. E-Type (2008)
"Raise the Banner" (2008) Swedish official song for the Olympic Games in Beijing 2008
"One Out of Ten" (2009)
Other websites
Official web
German The Poodles Fanpage
Swedish heavy metal bands
Track ballast

Track ballast forms the trackbed upon which railway sleepers (UK) or railroad ties (US) are laid. It is packed between, below, and around the ties. It is used to facilitate drainage of water, to distribute the load from the railroad ties, and also to keep down vegetation that might interfere with the track structure. This also serves to hold the track in place as the trains roll by. It is typically made of crushed stone, although ballast has sometimes consisted of other, less suitable materials.
References
Rail infrastructure
Curve fitting

Curve fitting is constructing a mathematical function which best fits a set of data points.
Curve fitting may involve either interpolation or smoothing. Using interpolation requires an exact fit to the data. With smoothing, a "smooth" function is constructed, that fit the data approximately. A related topic is regression analysis, which focuses more on questions of statistical inference such as how much uncertainty is present in a curve that is fit to data observed with random errors.
Fitted curves can be used to help data visualization, to guess values of a function where no data is available, and to summarize the relationships among two or more variables. Extrapolation refers to the use of a fitted curve beyond the range of the observed data. This is subject to a degree of uncertainty, since it may reflect the method used to construct the curve as much as it reflects the observed data.
References
Mathematical approximation
Hot Sleep

Hot Sleep: The Worthing Chronicle (1979) is a science fiction book that was written by Orson Scott Card. Although it is now out of print, Card's book The Worthing Chronicle (1983) has some of the same story.
Other websites
Publication information for Hot Sleep available from Card's website
The book Hot Sleep from Card's website
1979 books
Science fiction books
Books by Orson Scott Card
Electoral Palatinate

Electoral Palatinate (German: Kurpfalz, Bavarian: Kurpfoiz) was a palatinate in the Holy Roman Empire. It lasted from 1085-1803.
References
11th-century establishments in Germany
1080s establishments
1085
1800s disestablishments in Germany
1803 disestablishments
States of the Holy Roman Empire
Nancy Malone

Nancy Malone (born Nancy Josefa Maloney; March 19, 1935 - May 8, 2014) was an American television actor, director and producer. From the 1950s to 1970s, she was an actress and from the 1980s to the 1990s, she was a director and producer. She was best known for her roles on television series such as Naked City, Guiding Light, The Long, Hot Summer, The Outer Limits, The Twilight Zone, and The Andy Griffith Show.
Malone went on to become a well-known television director, winning an Emmy Award for her work on Dynasty. She also worked on shows such as Star Trek: Voyager, Melrose Place, Beverly Hills, 90210, and Knots Landing. She retired in 2003.
Malone was born Nancy Josefa Maloney in Queens Village, Queens, New York City.
Malone died from pneumonia and problems from leukemia in Durante, California. She was 79.
References
Other websites
1935 births
2014 deaths
Actors from Queens
American television actors
American television directors
American television producers
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles County, California
Deaths from leukemia
Deaths from pneumonia
Emmy Award winning directors
Infectious disease deaths in the United States
Mio, Michigan

Mio is the county seat of Oscoda County, Michigan, United States.
Census-designated places in Michigan
Unincorporated communities in Michigan
County seats in Michigan
Basket Case (song)

"Basket Case" is a song by the band, Green Day from its third album Dookie. The song ended up being a huge hit, spending five weeks at the top of the Modern Rock Tracks chart after it was released. The song was written by frontman Billie Joe Armstrong about his struggle with anxiety; before he was diagnosed with a panic disorder, and he thought he was going crazy.
Track listing
Initial Pressing
"Basket Case" - 3:01
"On The Wagon" (Non-LP Track) - 2:48
"Tired Of Waiting For You" (Non-LP Track) - 2:30
"409 In Your Coffeemaker" (Unmixed) - 2:49
Alternate Pressing
"Basket Case" - 3:01
"Longview" (live) - 3:30
"Burnout" (live) - 2:11
"2,000 Light Years Away" (Live) - 2:49
(Live tracks recorded March 11, 1994 at Jannus Landing, St. Petersburg, Florida)
Chart positions
It should be noted that, while the song was extremely popular in the United States, even reaching hit number 26 on the Billboard Hot 100 Airplay, the lack of a commercial single stopped the song from charting on the Billboard Hot 100.
Footnotes
Other websites
Song Review at Allmusic
Green Day songs
1994 songs
Terry Klassen

Terry Klassen (born March 31, 1957) is a Canadian voice actor, ADR director and writer. Before animation, Klassen worked in radio in Winnipeg (CITI-FM), Toronto (Q107), Calgary (CFAC), Portage la Prairie (CFRY) and part-time at CFOX and CFMI. In animation, he is best known for his work on My Little Pony being voice director of all episodes including the movie (Canadian talent) and the Equestria Girls series. Klassen has also voiced many characters including Baby Sylvester in Baby Looney Tunes, Tusky Husky in Krypto the Superdog and Tony and Seth Parsons in The Cramp Twins.
Other websites
Living people
Canadian voice actors
Canadian screenwriters
Actors from Winnipeg
Canadian television writers
Canadian television producers
Canadian translators
1957 births
Shiro Azumi

was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
After graduating from Meisei Commercial High School, Azumi played for Osaka SC which was founded by his alma mater high school graduates and many Japan national team players Kiyoo Kanda, Fukusaburo Harada, Usaburo Hidaka, Toshio Hirabayashi, Setsu Sawagata, Kikuzo Kisaka, Yoshio Fujiwara, Shumpei Inoue, Yoshimatsu Oyama, Toshio Miyaji, Uichiro Hatta, Sakae Takahashi and Kiyonosuke Marutani were playing in those days.
In May 1923, Azumi was selected the Japan national team for Far Eastern Championship Games in Osaka. At this competition, on May 23, he debuted against Philippines. This match is Japan team first match in "International A Match". He also played at 1925 Far Eastern Championship Games in Manila. He played 3 games for Japan until 1925. But Japan lost in both matches.
Statistics
|-
|1923||2||0
|-
|1924||0||0
|-
|1925||1||0
|-
!Total||||0
|}
References
Other websites
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Japanese footballers
Japan international footballers
Viva Zalata

Viva Zalata () is a 1976 Egyptian western comedy movie directed by Hassan Hafez and starring Fouad El Mohandes, Shwikar, Samir Ghanem, Tawfiq El Deken, and Hussien Fahmy.
Other websites
Viva Zalata on elCinema.com
1976 comedy movies
1970s Western (genre) movies
Egyptian movies
Damsels in Distress

Damsels in Distress is a 2011 American comedy movie. This movie is about a newly transferred college student who becomes friends with several other girls. Aubrey Plaza plays Debbie.
The movie was given a high rating by Rotten Tomatoes. It was released in the United States in 2012.
2010s comedy movies
2011 movies
American independent movies
Bug Juice

Bug Juice is a Disney Channel reality series. It was on the channel from February 28, 1998 - October 15, 2001. The show is centered around 20 kids and their experiences at a summer camp. The kids are seen working hard in their activities and building friendships. The phrase "bug juice" is a camping slang word for a very sweet juice drink made from powdered mixes, such as Kool-Aid. This is often served at summer camps.
After the show ended, Bug Juice did not appear on Disney Channel until the summer of 2004. The first season was shown and the last episode aired on August 20, 2004. This was the last time it was on Disney Channel. During the summer of 2006, Disney began adding mini episodes of Bug Juice on its website. The mini episodes were only five minute clips from the first season. Bug Juice was also broadcast in the United Kingdom on Channel 4's The Bigger Breakfast.
Season One
The first season took place in Waterford, Maine at Camp Waziyatah. They have been open since 1922.
Episodes
"Camp Waziyatah"
"Getting to Know You"
"To Clique...or Not to Clique"
"Adventure Bound: Bushwack"
"Molecules Colliding"
"Boys-to-Men Talent Show"
"Unity Campfire"
"Aftershocks"
"No Pain, No Gain"
"Nice Guys Finish Last"
"Goodbye, Session One"
"Ch, Ch, Changes"
"Session 2"
"Turn, Turn, Turn"
"When the Boys Go Away, Girls Will Play"
"We Shall Overcome"
"Flirting with Disaster: Co-Ed Canoe Trip"
"The Last Hurrah"
"So Long, Farewell"
"Scrapbook"
Season Two
The second season took place in Horse Shoe, North Carolina at Camp Highlander.
Episodes
"Your Adventure Starts Here"
"You Never Know Until You Try"
"Odd Man Out"
"You Get What You Give"
"Brits, Fights, & Videotape"
"Old Friends & New Friends"
"I'm Gonna Walk Those Fears Right Outta My Head"
"First Farewells"
"Bringing on the New Recruits"
"The Dance of Love"
"Climbing Toward Acceptance"
"Outside Looking In"
"You Don't Have to be a Star to Shine"
"July Goodbye"
"New Kids on the Bus"
"Discovering Your Inner Camper"
"Countdown Begins"
"War Breaks at Highlander"
"And the Winner Is..."
"See Ya, Highlander"
Season Three
The third season took place in Tererro, New Mexico at Brush Ranch Camp.
Episodes
"Welcome to Brush Ranch Camp"
--
--
--
--
"Choices and Consequences"
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
"Gettin' Dirty"
"End of Brush Ranch"
Other websites
Camp Waziyatah - Location for season one
Reality television series
Television series by Disney
English-language television programs
1998 television series debuts
2001 television series endings
Masato Nakae

Masato Nakae (December 20, 1917-September 4, 1998) was a United States Army soldier. He received the Medal of Honor because of his actions in World War II.
Early life
Nakae was born in Hawaii to Japanese immigrant parents. He is a Nisei, which means that he is a second generation Japanese-American.
Soldier
Two months after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Nakae joined the US Army in February 1942.
Nakae volunteered to be part of the all-Nisei 100th Infantry Battalion. This army unit was mostly made up of Japanese Americans from Hawaii and the mainland.
For his actions in August 1944, Nakae was awarded the Army's second-highest decoration, the Distinguished Service Cross (DSC). In the 1990s, there was a review of service records of Asian Americans who received the DSC during World War II. Nakae's award was upgraded to the Medal of Honor. In a ceremony at the White House on June 21, 2000, his family was presented with his medal by President Bill Clinton. Twenty-one other Asian Americans also received the medal during the ceremony, but only seven of them were still alive.
Medal of Honor citation
Nakae's Medal of Honor recognized his conduct in frontline fighting in northern Italy in 1944. He held off an enemy attack and continued to fight after being wounded.
The words of Nakae's citation explain:
Private Masato Nakae distinguished himself by extraordinary heroism in action on August 19, 1944, near Pisa, Italy. When his submachine gun was damaged by a shell fragment during a fierce attack by a superior enemy force, Private Nakae quickly picked up his wounded comrade's M-1 rifle and fired rifle grenades at the steadily advancing enemy. As the hostile force continued to close in on his position, Private Nakae threw six grenades and forced them to withdraw. During a concentrated enemy mortar barrage that preceded the next assault by the enemy force, a mortar shell fragment seriously wounded Private Nakae. Despite his injury, he refused to surrender his position and continued firing at the advancing enemy. By inflicting heavy casualties on the enemy force, he finally succeeded in breaking up the attack and caused the enemy to withdraw. Private Nakae's extraordinary heroism and devotion to duty are in keeping with the highest traditions of military service and reflect great credit on him, his unit, and the United States Army.
Related pages
List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War II
List of Asian American Medal of Honor recipients
Posthumous recognition
References
Other websites
"Army Secretary Lionizes 22 World War II Heroes" at Defense.gov
1917 births
1998 deaths
Military people from Hawaii
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
American people of World War II
Fred Emmer

Freddy Emmer better known as Fred Emmer (23 August 1934 - 24 December 2019) was a Dutch news presenter. He was born in Amsterdam. He was known for his works for NTS and NOS.
Emmer died on 24 December 2019 in Amsterdam at the age of 85.
References
1934 births
2019 deaths
Dutch television presenters
People from Amsterdam
Television news anchors
Yves Bonnefoy

Yves Jean Bonnefoy (June 24, 1923 - July 1, 2016) was a French poet, art critics and translator. Bonnefoy published many of translations into French, mainly poems of William Shakespeare. He was born in Tours, France.
He was a professor at the College de France from 1981 to 1993. He was the author of several works on art, art history, and artists including Miro and Giacometti.
The Encyclopaedia Britannica presents him as ''perhaps the most important French poet of the latter half of the 20th century''.
Bonnefoy died in Paris on July 1, 2016, aged 93.
References
1923 births
2016 deaths
French academics
French art critics
French critics
French poets
People from Centre-Val de Loire
French translators
Your Son and Brother

Your Son and Brother () is a 1965 Soviet drama movie directed by Vasily Shukshin. It stars Vsevolod Sanayev, Leonid Kuravlyov, and Anastasia Filippova.
Actors
Vsevolod Sanayev as Yermolai Voyevodin
Leonid Kuravlyov as Stepan Voyevodin
Anastasia Filippova as mother
Marta Grakhova as Vera Voyevodina
Aleksei Vanin as Ignaty Voyevodin
Leonid Reutov as Maxim Voyevodin
Viktor Shakhov as Vasily Voyevodin
References
Other websites
Soviet movies
1965 movies
Soviet drama movies
Emdadul Haque Milon

Mohammed Emdadul Haque Milon is an archer from Bangladesh. Milon competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics. He was born on 25 February 1993.
References
Other websites
1987 births
Living people
Bangladeshi archers
Bangladeshi Olympians
Alice Adams

Alice Adams is a 1935 American romantic drama movie directed by George Stevens and is the second adaption of the 1921 novel of the same name by Booth Tarkington. It stars Katharine Hepburn, Fred MacMurray, Fred Stone, Frank Albertson, Hedda Hopper, Hattie McDaniel, Jonathan Hale, Evelyn Venable and RKO Radio Pictures. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1936.
Other websites
1935 romantic drama movies
American romantic drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by George Stevens
Namerikawa, Toyama

is a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan.
Geography
Surrounding municipalities
Toyama Prefecture
Kamiichi
Toyama
Uozu
Demography
According to Japanese census data,
References
Other websites
Official website
Cities in Toyama Prefecture
2018 North Korea–United States summit

The North Korea-United States summit was a planned meeting between the leaders of North Korea and the United States that took place on June 12, 2018 in Singapore.
The White House confirmed the meeting between President Donald Trump and Chairman Kim Jong-un on 8 March 2018. This was the first time that a sitting U.S. president met the leader of North Korea since the Korean War.
White House Press Secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders said that "in the meantime, all sanctions and maximum pressure must remain."
Kim talked about preparations for the meeting in remarks to the Politburo of the Workers' Party of Korea on April 9.
On May 10, Trump announced that the summit will be held on June 12, 2018 in Singapore. It was announced after the release of 3 American hostages by North Korea.
References
2018 in Asia
Presidency of Donald Trump
Events in Singapore
Kim Jong-un
Ron Lurie

Ronald Philip Lurie (January 23, 1941 - December 22, 2020) was an American businessman and politician. He was the mayor of Las Vegas, Nevada from 1987 to 1991. Lurie was a member of the Democratic Party. Lurie was born in Los Angeles, California.
Lurie, who had blood cancer, died under hospice care in Las Vegas from COVID-19 on December 22, 2020 at the age of 79.
References
1941 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
Deaths from blood cancer
Mayors of Las Vegas
Politicians from Los Angeles
Businesspeople from Los Angeles
Businesspeople from Las Vegas
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Marilynne Robinson

Marilynne Summers Robinson (born November 26, 1943) is an American novelist and essayist.
Robinson has won many honors for her writing. Her novel Gilead, for example, has won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and the National Book Critics Circle Award for Fiction. In 2012, President Obama gave her the National Humanities Medal.
Books
Housekeeping (1980)
Mother Country: Britain, the Welfare State, and Nuclear Pollution (1989)
The Death of Adam: Essays on Modern Thought (1998)
Gilead (2004)
Home (2008)
Absence of Mind: The Dispelling of Inwardness from the Modern Myth of the Self (2010)
When I Was a Child I Read Books (2012)
Lila (2014)
The Givenness of Things: Essays (2015)
What Are We Doing Here?: Essays (2018)
Jack (2020)
Awards
1982: Hemingway Foundation/PEN Award for best first novel for Housekeeping
1982: Pulitzer Prize for Fiction shortlist for Housekeeping
1989: National Book Award for Nonfiction shortlist for Mother Country: Britain, the Welfare State, and Nuclear Pollution
1999: PEN/Diamonstein-Spielvogel Award for the Art of the Essay for The Death of Adam
2004: National Book Critics Circle Award for Fiction for Gilead
2005: Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for Gilead
2005: Ambassador Book Award for Gilead
2006: University of Louisville Grawemeyer Award in Religion
2008: National Book Award finalist for Home
2008: Los Angeles Times Book Prize for fiction for Home
2009: Orange Prize for Fiction for Home
2011: Man Booker International Prize nominee
2012: Honorary Doctorate of Letters from Brown University
2012: National Humanities Medal for "grace and intelligence in writing"
2013: Man Booker International Prize nominee
2013: Park Kyong-ni Prize
2014: National Book Critics Circle Award for Lila
2014: National Book Award finalist for Lila
2015: Man Booker Prize longlist for Lila
2016: Library of Congress Prize for American Fiction and Dayton Literary Peace Prize
References
1943 births
Living people
20th-century American novelists
American essayists
−1 (number)

In mathematics, -1 (negative one or minus one) is the additive inverse of 1. That is, if it is added to 1, the result is 0. It is the negative integer greater than negative two (-2) and less than 0.
-1 has some similar properties as positive one. But some are different.
-1 is related to Euler's identity. This is because the identity states
In computer science, -1 is a common initial value for integers. It is also used to show that a variable has no useful information.
Algebraic properties
Multiplying a number by -1 is the same as changing the sign on the number. This can be proved using the distributive law and the axiom at 1 is the multiplicative identity, that is, a number multiplied by 1 is the number itself. So, for x real, we have
where we used the fact that 0 multiplied by any real number x equals 0, shown by cancellation from the equation
In other words,
so (-1) * x or -x is the arithmetic inverse of x.
Square of -1
The square of -1, i.e. -1 multiplied by -1, equals 1. So, a square of negative real numbers is positive.
To prove this with algebra, start with the equation
The first equality follows from the above result. The second follows from the definition of -1 as additive inverse of 1, that is, when added to 1, it gives 0. Now, using the distributive law, we see that
The second equality follows from the fact that 1 is a multiplicative identity, that is : . But now adding 1 to both sides of this last equation means
The above arguments hold in any ring. Ring is a concept of abstract algebra generalizing integers and real numbers.
Square roots of -1
The complex number i satisfies i2 = -1. So it is a square root of -1. The only other complex number x for which the equation x2 = -1 holds is -i. In the algebra of quaternions, which has the complex plane, the equation x2 = -1 has an infinity of solutions.
Exponentiation to negative integers
A non-zero real number can have a negative number as its power. We define that x-1 = 1/x. This means a number raised to a power of -1 is equal to the reciprocal of that number. The exponential law xaxb = x(a + b) for a,b non-zero real numbers is true even if a or b is negative.
Computer representation
There are many ways that -1 (and negative numbers in general) can be represented in computer systems. The most common is as two's complement of their positive form. In standard binary representation, this can also represent a positive integer.
References
-1
Ekhagen Church

The Ekhagen Church () is a church building at Ekhagen in Jonkoping in Sweden. It belongs ot the Kristina-Ljungarum of the Church of Sweden. It was inaugurated on 12 May 1996 by Bishop Anders Wejryd and replaced the former temporary church that stood in Ekhagen between 1968 and mid 1995.
References
Church of Sweden churches
Buildings and structures in Jonkoping
Pacers–Pistons brawl

The Pacers-Pistons brawl was a violent fight. It took place at a National Basketball Association (NBA) game between the Indiana Pacers and Detroit Pistons on November 19, 2004. It happened at the Palace of Auburn Hills in Auburn Hills, Michigan. The Associated Press called it "the most infamous brawl in NBA history." The media called it "the worst night in NBA history."
With 45.9 seconds left in the game, Pistons center Ben Wallace went up for a layup. He was fouled by Pacers small forward Ron Artest. Wallace was mad for being fouled when the game had been already decided. He pushed Artest. A fight took place on the court between several players. When the fight was broken up, a fan threw a drink at Artest while he was lying on the scorer's table. Artest then went after the fan. That caused a massive fight between players and spectators. The fight went from the seats to the court. It lasted several minutes.
After the game, the NBA didn't allow nine NBA players a total of 146 games. That led to $11 million in salaries being lost by the players.
Ron Artest, Jermaine O'Neal, Ben Wallace and Stephen Jackson were taken from NBA basketball playing for a time on November 20, 2004.
Artest was taken from NBA basketball playing for the rest of the 2004-05 season. He lost almost $5 million in salary. Jermaine O'Neal also lost more than $4 million for his part in the fights. The players who were removed lost a total of $11 million in salary.
References
Violence in sports
2004 in the United States
Minimum wage

The minimum wage is the least amount of salary that employees of a business can be paid. Around the world, the minimum wage is enforced as a law that every company must follow. If companies do not give their employees at least the minimum wage, the companies will be forced to pay an expensive fine for breaking the law.
Minimum wage is a relative term. Different countries have different minimum wages. Nunavut in Canada has a minimum wage of $11.00 per hour. Ontario, another place in Canada has a minimum wage of $10.25 per hour.
Some people think the minimum wage should be raised, so poor working people will have more money and enjoy more human rights. Others think it is worse because the government will not have enough money to pay all the employees, so they will raise the taxes or raise the inflation. Some people think that the minimum will drastically hurt employees because companies only hire employees whose labor is worth the price they are required to pay. They think that if the minimum wage is raised employees will lose their job because companies cannot afford to pay them the raised minimum wage.
Related pages
Constitution
Constitutional economics
Economic, social and cultural rights
Macroeconomics
Employment law
South Dakota

South Dakota is a state in the United States. South Dakota became a state on November 2, 1889. Its capital is Pierre and largest city is Sioux Falls. Other important cities are Rapid City and Aberdeen. Famous attractions include Mount Rushmore, the Black Hills, and the Wall Drug Store. The Corn Palace is also famous, and it is in Mitchell. About 890,000 people lived there in 2020.
South Dakota is bordered to the north by North Dakota, to the south by Nebraska, to the east by Iowa and Minnesota, and to the west by Wyoming and Montana.
There are nine Native American tribes that live in South Dakota.
Related pages
Colleges and universities in South Dakota
List of counties in South Dakota
References
Other websites
The Official Home Page of South Dakota
1889 establishments in the United States
Jimmy LaFave

Jimmy LaFave (July 12, 1955 - May 21, 2017) was an American singer-songwriter and folk musician. He was born in Willis Point, Texas. After moving to Stillwater, Oklahoma, LaFave created a musical style called Red Dirt music. LaFave was an Advisory Board member and regular performer at the annual Woody Guthrie Folk Festival.
LaFave has recorded 15 albums and his 2007 release, Cimarron Manifesto, reached the No. 1 mark on the Americana Music Association album chart. In 2012, LaFave released the studio album Depending On The Distance.
LaFave died on May 21, 2017 in Austin, Texas from tissue cancer at the age of 61.
References
Other websites
Jimmy LaFave Website
Jimmy LaFave on MySpace
1955 births
2017 deaths
Cancer deaths in Texas
American singer-songwriters
American folk musicians
American folk singers
Singers from Austin, Texas
Musicians from Austin, Texas
Writers from Austin, Texas
Gallier House

Gallier House, also known as James Gallier, Jr., House was the home of American architect James Gallier, Jr. in New Orleans, Louisiana. Gallier designed the house himself. It is located on Royal Street in the French Quarter section of the city.
It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1974.
Gallier House now houses a museum, with the interior restored and furnished in the style of the 1850s.
References
Other websites
Gallier House.
National Historic Landmarks of the United States
Buildings and structures in New Orleans
Houses in the United States
1857 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Louisiana
IF Brommapojkarna

IF Brommapojkarna is an association football club in Bromma in Sweden. The club was founded in 1942, and played its first Allsvenskan season in 2007.
Other websites
Official website
1942 establishments in Europe
Swedish football clubs
1940s establishments in Sweden
Tadeusz Konwicki

Tadeusz Konwicki (22 June 1926 - 7 January 2015) was a Polish screenwriter and movie director. He was a member of the Polish Language Council. He was known for his movies A Tale of Adam Mickiewicz's 'Forefathers' Eve, Kronika wypadkow milosnych and Mother Joan of the Angels. Konwicki was born in present day Naujoji Vilnia, Lithuania.
Konwicki died in Warsaw, Poland, aged 88.
References
Other websites
Tadeusz Konwicki at Culture.pl
Somersault - Tadeusz Konwicki at Culture.pl
The Last Day of Summer - Tadeusz Konwicki at Culture.pl
1926 births
2015 deaths
Polish movie directors
Polish screenwriters
Parya language

Parya is a endangered isolated Indo-Aryan language spoken in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. It is extinct is Afghanistan and Pakistan. It is closely related to Hindi.
References
Languages of Uzbekistan
Languages of Tajikistan
Indo-Aryan languages
Sind River

The Sind Stream originates from the slopes of Zojila Pass and flowing to south west is joined by another stream coming from Dachhen-Para. Flowing southward and crossing Sind Valley, it empties into Jhelum River near Shadipura.
Rivers of Pakistan
Tributaries of the Indus River
Palácio Quitandinha

The Palacio Quitandinha (Portuguese for "Quitandinha Palace") is a historic former luxury resort hotel, casino and convention center in Petropolis, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In 1947, the Palacio Quitandinha was the site of the Rio Treaty, attended by United States President Harry Truman.
The hotel was, for many years, probably the second most famous hotel of the country, after the Copacabana Palace hotel in Rio de Janeiro, which is only about 65 km from Petropolis. The scenic artificial lake in front of the hotel, loosely resembling the shape of Brazil, was built as a source of water in the event of a fire.
Famous guests who stayed at the hotel included Errol Flynn, Orson Welles, Lana Turner, Henry Fonda, Maurice Chevalier, Greta Garbo, Carmen Miranda, Walt Disney, Bing Crosby, politicians like Eva Peron and president Getulio Vargas of Brazil and king Carol II of Romania.
The hotel eventually closed in 1962 and its rooms were sold as private residences in 1963.
Gallery
References
Other websites
Casinos in Brazil - Photos, Videos and Facts About Quitandinha Palace Casino
Living in Quitandinha
Hotels
Convention and exhibition centers
Buildings and structures in Brazil
Petropolis
1944 establishments
1940s establishments in Brazil
Hariprasad Chaurasia

Hariprasad Chaurasia (born 1 July 1938) is an Indian music director and classical flautist. He plays the flute, in the Hindustani classical tradition. Chaurasia was born in Allahabad, United Provinces, British India. He was known for being part of the duo Shiv-Hari with Shivkumar Sharma. His career began in 1957. Some of the best known music he composed for movies were Faasle (1985), Chandni (1989), Lamhe (1991), and Darr (1993).
References
1938 births
Living people
Indian composers
Indian musicians
People from Uttar Pradesh
Luis Gonzalez (outfielder)

Luis Emilio Gonzalez (born September 3, 1967 in Tampa, Florida) is a retired American Major League Baseball (MLB) outfielder. He had his greatest success with the Arizona Diamondbacks, becoming a star in 2001. He got the hit that won the World Series for the Diamondbacks that year.
In 2010, it was announced that Gonzalez would be the first Diamondbacks player to have his jersey number (20) retired.
Awards
Selected for the MLB All-Star Game in 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2005
Home Run Derby winner in 2001
Silver Slugger Award winner in 2001
Branch Rickey Award in 2005
World Series champion in 2001
1967 births
Living people
American baseball players
Arizona Diamondbacks players
Sportspeople from Tampa, Florida
National League All-Stars
Alan Sayers

Alan John Sayers (6 December 1915 - 19 August 2017) was a New Zealand journalist, photographer and athlete. He was born Onehunga, New Zealand.
Sayers represented The New Zealand Herald prior to World War II. When the war was over he was invited to join the Auckland Star where he was the first reporter in New Zealand to receive a personal by-line. In 1953 he was an official journalist on the tour of Queen Elizabeth 11 to the Pacific Islands and New Zealand.
Sayers died in Auckland on 19 August 2017 at the age of 101.
References
1915 births
2017 deaths
New Zealand athletes
New Zealand journalists
Photographers
New Zealand centenarians
ISIPCA

Institut superieur international du parfum, de la cosmetique et de l'aromatique alimentaire (ISIPCA) is a renowned graduate cosmetics school in France. It is in a campus of the Universite de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Northern France).
Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees :
Bachelor of Science
Master of Science
Masteres Specialises (MS)
Massive Online Open Course.
Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages.
Research labs
Research activities at ISIPCA relate to the following topics:
Perfume
Cosmetics
Flavor
References
Further reading
Official website
Technical colleges and universities in France
1970 establishments in France
Versailles
Rainbow (band)

Rainbow (also known as Ritchie Blackmore's Rainbow or Blackmore's Rainbow) were an English hard rock band, controlled by guitarist Ritchie Blackmore from 1975 to 1984 and 1994 to 1997. It was originally established with former Elf members, though over the years Rainbow went through many line-up changes with no two studio albums featuring the same line-up. In addition to lead singers Ronnie James Dio, Graham Bonnet, Joe Lynn Turner and Doogie White, the project consisted of numerous backing musicians. The band started out combining mystical lyric themes with neo-classical metal, but went in a more streamlined commercial style following Dio's departure from the group.
Rainbow was ranked #90 on VH1's 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock.
Band members
Core member
Ritchie Blackmore - guitar (1975-1984, 1994-1997)
Other members
Ronnie James Dio - lead vocals (1975-1978)
Craig Gruber - bass (1975)
Micky Lee Soule - keyboards (1975)
Gary Driscoll - drums (1975)
Jimmy Bain - bass (1975-1977)
Tony Carey - keyboards (1975-1977)
Cozy Powell - drums (1975-1980)
Mark Clarke - bass (1977)
Bob Daisley - bass, backing vocals (1977-1978)
David Stone - keyboards (1977-1978)
Jack Green - bass (1978-1979)
Graham Bonnet - lead vocals (1979-1980)
Roger Glover - bass, backing vocals (1979-1984)
Don Airey - keyboards, backing vocals (1979-1981)
Joe Lynn Turner - lead vocals, rhythm guitar (1980-1984)
Bobby Rondinelli - drums (1980-1983)
David Rosenthal - keyboards (1981-1984)
Chuck Burgi - drums (1983-1984, 1995-1997)
Doogie White - lead vocals (1994-1997)
Greg Smith - bass, backing vocals (1994-1997)
Paul Morris - keyboards (1994-1997)
John O'Reilly - drums (1994-1995)
John Micelli - drums (1997)
Discography
Ritchie Blackmore's Rainbow (1975)
Rising (1976)
On Stage (1977)
Long Live Rock 'n' Roll (1978)
Down to Earth (1979)
Difficult to Cure (1981)
Straight Between the Eyes (1982)
Bent Out of Shape (1983)
Finyl Vinyl (1986)
Stranger in Us All (1995)
References
Other websites
The Rainbow Fanclan Legacy
1980s music groups
1990s music groups
Salvation

In theology, salvation can mean various things:
following the sunnah of prophet Muhammad (surah Baqarah)
rejecting shirk, or disbelief in the oneness of Allah (sahih Bukhari)
being saved from something, such as suffering or the punishment of sin - also called deliverance (see Epistle to the Romans 5:8)
being saved for something, such as an afterlife or participating in the Reign of God - also called redemption (Gospel of Luke 23:43)
being saved through a process of healing or transformation to wholeness, such as gaining secret knowledge, or becoming Christlike.(Ephesians 1:4)
Related pages
Crucifixion of Jesus
History of salvation
Salvation (Christianity)
Theology
Zhangixalus yaoshanensis

The Yaoshan whipping frog or Yaoshan tree frog (Zhangixalus yaoshanensis) is a frog. It lives in China in Guangxi Province. People have seen it between 800 and 1500 meters above sea level, in the Dayaoshan Mountains. It usually lives near bodies of water that don't dry out.
References
Frogs of Asia
Ryota Takasugi

is a Japanese professional athlete. He is best known as an Association football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|2006||Machida Zelvia||Regional Leagues||13||4||colspan="2"|-||13||4
|-
|2007||rowspan="6"|Ehime||rowspan="6"|J. League 2||12||1||0||0||12||1
|-
|2008||36||0||2||0||38||0
|-
|2009||22||0||0||0||22||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||
|-
|2011||||||||||||
|-
|2012||||||||||||
83||5||2||0||85||5
83||5||2||0||85||5
|}
References
1984 births
Living people
Footballers from Yamaguchi Prefecture
Lawrence W. Pierce

Lawrence Warren Pierce (December 31, 1924 - February 5, 2020) was an American politician and lawyer. He was United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit from 1981 to 1990, nominated by Ronald Reagan. Before he was a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York from 1971 to 1981, nominated by Richard Nixon. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Pierce died on February 5, 2020 in Boca Raton, Florida at the age of 95.
References
Sources
Steward, William, A.M. and Steward, Theophilus G., Rev., D.D., "GOULDTOWN A Very Remarkable Settlement of Ancient Date," J.B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia, 1913; Reprinted by Fairfield Twnshp. Bd. of Ed., Bridgeton, NJ, 1994.
1924 births
2020 deaths
Lawyers from Philadelphia
American judges
Politicians from New York (state)
Politicians from Philadelphia
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Lawyers from New York (state)
John David Burnes

John David ("J.D.") Burnes is an archer from Canada. Burnes competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics. He was born on 26 April 1988.
References
Other websites
1988 births
Living people
Canadian archers
Canadian Olympians
Eisingen, Bavaria

Eisingen is a municipality in Wurzburg in Bavaria, Germany.
References
Wurzburg (district)
Hömberg

Homberg is a municipality in the district of Rhein-Lahn, in Rhineland-Palatinate, in western Germany.
References
Municipalities in Rhineland-Palatinate
Paul Ince

Paul Ince (born 21 October 1967) is an English former footballer. He has played for the England national team.
Paul has been manager of: Macclesfield Town, Milton Keynes Dons (which he made champions of League Two), Blackburn Rovers, Notts County and Blackpool.
Club career statistics
|-
|1986/87||rowspan="4"|West Ham United||rowspan="3"|First Division||10||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||11||1
|-
|1987/88||28||3||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||29||3
|-
|1988/89||33||3||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||36||3
|-
|1989/90||Second Division||1||0||7||1||6||3||colspan="2"|-||14||4
|-
|1989/90||rowspan="6"|Manchester United||rowspan="3"|First Division||26||0||7||0||3||2||colspan="2"|-||36||2
|-
|1990/91||31||3||2||0||6||0||7||0||46||3
|-
|1991/92||33||3||3||0||7||0||3||0||46||3
|-
|1992/93||rowspan="3"|Premier League||41||6||2||0||3||0||1||0||47||6
|-
|1993/94||39||8||7||1||5||0||4||0||55||9
|-
|1994/95||36||5||6||0||0||0||5||0||47||5
|-
|1995/96||rowspan="2"|Internazionale Milano||rowspan="2"|Serie A||30||3||5||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||35||3
|-
|1996/97||24||7||4||2||colspan="2"|-||10||1||38||10
|-
|1997/98||rowspan="2"|Liverpool||rowspan="2"|Premier League||31||8||1||0||4||0||4||0||40||8
|-
|1998/99||34||6||2||1||2||1||3||1||41||9
|-
|1999/00||rowspan="3"|Middlesbrough||rowspan="3"|Premier League||32||3||0||0||3||1||colspan="2"|-||35||4
|-
|2000/01||30||2||3||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||36||2
|-
|2001/02||31||2||4||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||35||3
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="4"|Wolverhampton Wanderers||First Division||37||2||3||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||42||3
|-
|2003/04||Premier League||32||2||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||35||2
|-
|2004/05||rowspan="2"|League Championship||28||3||2||0||1||1||colspan="2"|-||31||4
|-
|2005/06||18||3||2||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||20||3
|-
|2006/07||Swindon Town||League Two||3||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|2006/07||Macclesfield Town||League Two||1||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||1||0
555||63||55||5||49||8||27||1||686||77
54||10||9||2||colspan="2"|-||10||1||73||13
609||73||64||7||49||8||37||2||759||90
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1992||3||0
|-
|1993||9||2
|-
|1994||3||0
|-
|1995||1||0
|-
|1996||10||0
|-
|1997||9||0
|-
|1998||9||0
|-
|1999||4||0
|-
|2000||5||0
|-
!Total||53||2
|}
References
1967 births
Living people
1998 FIFA World Cup players
Black British sportspeople
Footballers from London
English football managers
People from Ilford
Premier League players
Please Stay (Kylie Minogue song)

"Please Stay" is a 2000 song by Kylie Minogue and is the fourth single from her seventh studio album Light Years. It went to number 15 in Australia, number 10 in both Scotland and the United Kingdom, number 69 in the Netherlands and number 34 in Ireland.
Track listings
Australasian and UK CD1, UK cassette single
"Please Stay"
"Santa Baby"
"Good Life"
Australasian and UK CD2
"Please Stay"
"Please Stay" (7th District Club Flava mix)
"Please Stay" (Hatiras Dreamy dub)
"Please Stay" (video)
European enhanced CD single
"Please Stay"
"Santa Baby"
"Please Stay" (video)
UK 12-inch single
A1. "Please Stay" (7th District club dub)
B1. "Please Stay" (Hatiras Dreamy dub)
B2. "Please Stay" (7th District Club Flava mix)
References
2000 songs
Kylie Minogue songs
Latin pop songs
Disco songs