pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Reading, Berkshire

Reading (pronounced: "Redding") is a large town in Berkshire in England. It is the largest settlement in Berkshire. It is home to about 230,000 people. Reading is found in South East England, between London and Bristol. The River Thames goes through the town. Reading replaced Abingdon as the county town of Berkshire in 1867.
History
There is a large statue of a lion in Forbury Gardens, and local legend has it that the sculptor killed himself by jumping off the top because he had sculpted the legs wrong. The lion is a memorial to soldiers from Berkshire who were killed in Maiwand, (Afghanistan) in a war in 1880.
Reading is the home of a school which used to be a Hospital in World War I and World War II. It is named Redlands Primary School.
Madejski stadium is home to the Reading Football Club whose nickname is "The Royals". They are also known as the "Biscuit Men". The stadium was opened on 22 August 1998.
Reading is the largest town in England. Of course, there are larger cities in England but Reading has not been granted city status and it doesn't have a cathedral. Also, Reading is home to the Oracle, a huge shopping centre and a large university named University of Reading.
Reading began life as a Saxon Settlement. Reading was originally called Reada Ingas, which means people of Reada. Reada was a Saxon leader in the area with his tribe in the 6th century.
The Normans built a wooden castle in Reading. It was later replaced by a stone castle. The king then demolished the castle in 1152 fearing it might come into the hands of his enemies.
Reading was an important centre in the medieval period, as the site of Reading Abbey, a monastery with strong royal connections
The Huntley and Palmer's biscuit factory was the biggest in the world in 1914 and one factory was built on Kings Road by George Palmer in 1846.
"The Blade" in central Reading is the tallest building in Reading. It is 86 metres tall. It is visible from many places in the town.
Palmer Park was founded by George Palmer and it has a statue of George Palmer in it. Palmer Park was built for his workers to rest and people still enjoy using the park today.
There is a very famous hospital called The Royal Berkshire Hospital. It was opened in 1839.
Lots of schools in Reading took part in "Beat The Street" in 2015.
Notable people
TV presenter Chris Tarrant (Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?) and comedian Ricky Gervais are from Reading, and also actress Kate Winslet, who has a road named after her. Musician Mike Oldfield is also from Reading. Tony Sullivan (local legend) is also a resident in the town. The town has two universities and is famous for its rock festival. Reading is home to Championship football and rugby teams.
Related pages
Reading railway station
Great Western Railway
References
Other websites
County towns in England
Towns in Berkshire
Unitary authorities
Arrow Development

Arrow Development was an amusement ride and roller coaster design and manufacturing company, incorporated in California in November 16, 1945, and based in Mountain View.
Roller coasters
Praslin Quarter

Praslin is a Quarter in Saint Lucia. It is in the eastern part of the Caribbean Sea. The capital is Praslin.
Quarters of Saint Lucia
Egmore taluk

Egmore taluk is a taluk of the city district of Chennai in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It was formed in December 2013 from parts of the Egmore-Nungambakkam taluk. It comprises the neighbourhoods of Egmore and Nungambakkam.
References
Chennai district website
Chennai district
Bernardvillé

Bernardville is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
References
Communes in Bas-Rhin
Glossary

A glossary is a list of words and what they mean. They are usually found at the end of a book or report that uses hard words to read or special words. Websites about complicated subjects also sometimes have glossaries.
For example, in a book about philosophy that has the word "epistemology", there might be a glossary at the end of the book with the definition of this word.
Words
Reference
Subgroup

In group theory, a branch of mathematics, given a group under a binary operation, a subset of is called a subgroup of if the elements also forms a group under the binary operation.
The situation could arise in which the subset does not comply with the binary operation.
Group theory
Noreen Nash

Noreen Nash (born Norabelle Jean Roth; April 4, 1924 - June 6, 2023) is an American retired actress. Her first movie role was in the 1943 musical movie Girl Crazy, which starred Mickey Rooney and Judy Garland.
From 2001 until his death, Nash was married to actor James Whitmore.
Nash died at her home in Beverly Hills, California, on June 6, 2023, at the age of 99.
References
1924 births
2023 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Washington (state)
Shiprock

Shiprock is the remains of an extinct volcano in the U.S. state of New Mexico.
Shiprock is composed of fractured volcanic breccia and black dikes of igneous rock. It is the erosional remnant of the throat of a volcano. The exposed rock was probably formed 2,500-3000 feet (750-1,000 meters) below the Earth's surface, but exposed after millions of years of erosion.
Radiometric dating of the rock shows that the volcanic rocks solidified about 27 million years ago. Shiprock is in the northeastern part of the Navajo Volcanic Field. El Capitan in Monument Valley is another prominent volcanic neck in this field.
References
Igneous rocks
Geography of New Mexico
Brian P. Burns

Brian Patrick Burns (July 12, 1936 - August 12, 2021) was an American businessman, lawyer and philanthropist. He was a well known leader of the Irish-American community. He collected many pieces of Irish art. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and spent his career both in Boston and San Francisco, California.
In December 2016, then President-elect Donald Trump wanted to nominate Burns as the United States Ambassador to Ireland. However, in June 2017, Burns withdrew his name because of his health.
Burns died on August 12, 2021 in Palm Beach, Florida one month after his 85th birthday.
References
1936 births
2021 deaths
Lawyers from San Francisco
American philanthropists
Businesspeople from Boston
Businesspeople from San Francisco
Politicians from San Francisco
Politicians from Boston
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Lawyers from Boston
Couvade

Couvade (French, from couver, 'to hatch', from Latin cubare 'lie down) describes the imitation of a pregnancy. It is performed by a man. The anthropologist E. B. Tylor was the first person that made use of the name couvade.
Practise
To do so, the father carries out the same restrictions as the mother. These usually start closer towards the end of the pregnancy. It often proceeds for various amounts of time after childbirth. Restrictions: certain food taboos, staying only in the village or at home, avoiding certain places, no consumption of alcohol, cigarettes or stimulants or handling with sharp instruments. In some cases, the man copies the woman's behaviour and pains during childbirth.
Occurrence
The couvade is known throughout history, for example in the ancient Greece and the Roman Empire, in the Basque Country and in the south of France. These days, it still exists in various cultures around the world among indigenous people in India, Thailand, Indonesia, China, Africa, North America and South America.
Reasons
These range from the spiritual and physical protection of the child, bonding of father with child as well as wife, the public recognition of fatherhood and support and relief of mother so she can maintain the household after the childbirth. The reasons for couvade are in some cultures linked to certain myths that give instructions and show what can go wrong if the parents do not follow them.
Consequences of not doing couvade
It is believed to have huge impacts on the child such as illness, disability, death and the transformation into other creatures.
References
E. B. Tylor (1878) Researches into the early history of mankind and the development of civilization. Boston : Estes & Lauriat
H. Ling Roth (1893) 'On the Signification of Couvade'. The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland. Vol. 11: 204-243
http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/couvade
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Couvade+Syndrome
Pregnancy and childbirth
Dean Acheson

Dean Gooderham Acheson (pronounced ; April 11, 1893 - October 12, 1971) was an American statesman and lawyer. He was a member of the Democratic Party.
Early life
Acheson was born in Middletown, Connecticut. He studied at Yale College and at Harvard Law School. He married Alice Stanley in 1917.
Secretary of State
Acheson served as the 51st United States Secretary of State under President Harry S. Truman. He served as Secretary of State from January 1949 to January 1953. He helped defend America's foreign policy during the break of the Cold War.
Acheson's most famous decision was convincing President Truman to intervene in the Korean War in June 1950. He also persuaded Truman to dispatch aid and advisors to French forces in Indochina, though in 1968 he finally counseled President Lyndon B. Johnson to negotiate for peace with North Vietnam.
Kennedy Administration
During the Cuban Missile Crisis, President John F. Kennedy called upon Acheson for advice, bringing him into the executive committee (ExComm), a strategic advisory group.
Personal life
Acheson and his wife Alice had three children; David, Jane, and Mary. He remained married to Alice until his death in 1971. He retired shortly after 1955.
Awards
Acheson was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1964 by President Lyndon B. Johnson. He also won a Pulitzer Prize for History in 1970.
Death
Acheson died in Sandy Spring, Maryland from a massive stroke. He was 78 years old. He was survived by his two surviving children, David and Mary. He was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C..
References
Other websites
Work on Acheson's Role in Designing the Foreign Policy Stance of the Democratic Party after the 1952 election.
Annotated bibliography for Dean Acheson from the Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues
1893 births
1971 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Lawyers from Connecticut
United States Secretaries of State
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Politicians from Connecticut
20th-century American politicians
American diplomats
American people of World War II
American political writers
Deaths from cerebral infarction
Episcopalians
Harvard University alumni
Lawyers from Washington, D.C.
People from Maryland
People of the Korean War
Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
Pulitzer Prize winners
Writers from Connecticut
Yale University alumni
Bride kidnapping

Bride kidnapping is when a man abducts the woman he wants to marry. The practice is also known as marriage by abduction or marriage by capture,
Bride kidnapping (which is often shortened to bridenapping) has been practiced around the world, throughout history. Peoples as diverse as the Hmong in Southeast Asia, the Tzeltal in Mexico, and the Romani in Europe have done it.
Bride kidnapping still occurs in different parts of the world. It is most common in the Caucasus and Central Asia.
Most countries see bride kidnapping as a sex crime, and not as a valid form of marriage. In some cases, it is seen somewhere beteen a forced marriage and an arranged one.
In many cases, the woman will cooperate with the kidnapper, to save her face, or to save the honour of her family or her parents.
Many countries also have laws that say that this is not a crime, if the woman later marries the man. Very often, there are also customs, which see bride kidnapping as some form of tradition.
In most nations, bride kidnapping is considered a sex crime because of the implied element of rape, rather than a valid form of marriage. Some types of it may also be seen as falling along the continuum between forced marriage and arranged marriage. The term is sometimes confused with elopements, in which a couple runs away together and seeks the consent of their parents later. In some cases, the woman cooperates with or accedes to the kidnapping, typically in an effort to save face for herself or her parents. In many jurisdictions, this used to be encouraged by so-called marry-your-rapist laws. Even in countries where the practice is against the law, if judicial enforcement is weak, customary law ("traditional practices") may prevail.
Bride kidnapping is often (but not always) a form of child marriage. It may be connected to the practice of bride price, wealth paid by the groom and his family to the bride's parents, and the inability or unwillingness to pay it.
Bride kidnapping is when one man (or a man and his friends) abduct one woman. When this is done on a larger scale (a large group of men abducting many women), this is known as raptio, and different from bride kidnapping. In the 21st century, there have been more cases of war rape, which may have elements of bride kidnapping. Women and girls abducted by groups such as Boko Haram in Nigeria, the Lord's Resistance Army in Uganda and ISIS in the Middle East have been taken as wives by their abductors.
In some countries, there are still rituals, which involve a symbolic bride kidnapping as part of a wedding. Some say that the honeymoon is a relic of such a practice: the husband going into hiding with his wife to avoid reprisals from her relatives, with the intention that the woman would be pregnant by the end of the month.
References
Marriage
Kidnapping
Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text
Sex crimes
Altnau

Altnau is a municipality of the district of Kreuzlingen in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
References
Municipalities of Thurgau
Magic Tour

The Magic Tour was the biggest and last tour by the English rock band Queen with their lead singer Freddie Mercury. The tour started in Sweden on 7 June 1986. It ended in England on 9 August 1986. The next band's tour Queen + Paul Rodgers Tour began about 19 years later, after the death of Freddie Mercury and the retirement of John Deacon. The tour included performances on 26 dates at Europe's stadiums. It was in support of their album A Kind of Magic.
In 1987, Mercury was diagnosed with HIV. The band made the decision together to stop touring. This made the concert at Knebworth on 9 August the last time the four members of Queen would perform onstage together.
Tour dates
Queen (band)
Concert tours
1986 in Europe
Horton Hears a Who! (movie)

Horton Hears a Who! is a 2008 American 3D computer-animated musical adventure comedy movie based on the Dr. Seuss book of the same name.
Voice cast
Jim Carrey as Horton the Elephant
Steve Carell as Mayor Ned McDodd
Carol Burnett as Sour Kangaroo
Will Arnett as Vlad Vladikoff
Seth Rogen as Morton the Mouse
Dan Fogler as The Chairman / Yummo Wickersham
Isla Fisher as Dr. Mary Lou LaRue
Jonah Hill as Tommy
Amy Poehler as Sally O'Malley-McDodd
Jaime Pressly as Mrs. Quilligan
Jesse McCartney as Jojo McDodd
Selena Gomez as Helga McDodd
Joey King as Katie
Charles Osgood as Narrator
References
2000s 3D movies
2008 adventure movies
2000s computer-animated movies
2008 animated movies
2008 comedy movies
2008 movies
American adventure movies
American animated movies
American comedy movies
Blue Sky Studios movies
English-language movies
Movies about animals
Movies based on books by Dr. Seuss
Akainacephalus

Akainacephalus was a plant-eating dinosaur that lived 76 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous period. Akainacephalus was first discovered by Scott Richardson, a Bureau of Land Management employee who also discovered Lythronax and Kosmoceratops, all in the same region of Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument.
The dinosaur was medium-sized, standing at 3 feet 6 inches tall and stretching about 15 feet long. It lived in present-day southern Utah, which during the Late Cretaceous Period was part of the southern portion of Laramidia, an island continent that stretched from the Arctic Circle to the Gulf of Mexico. Though ankylosaurids originated in Asia between 125 - 100 million years ago, they do not appear in the western North American fossil record until about 77 million years ago. The new species Akainacephalus offers the most complete skeleton of an ankylosaurid dinosaur found in the southwestern United States. It includes a skull, much of the vertebral column, including a complete tail club, several fore and hind limbs elements, and bony body armour that includes two neck rings and spiked armour plates.
References
Ankylosauria
Green Spring, Kentucky

Green Spring is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
People
Its population was 759 as of 2000.
Cities in Kentucky
Zhishan metro station

Zhishan is a metro station on the Tamsui-Xinyi Line in Taipei, Taiwan. The station code is R17.
Station layout information
The station platforms are above ground level. Platform 1 is for Tamsui or Beitou and Platform 2 is for Xiangshan or Daan.
Notable Landmarks
Tianmu Area
Historical Landmarks / Sports
Chin Shan Yen Gate
Tianmu Baseball Stadium
School
Taipei American School
Taipei Japanese School
University of Taipei
Shopping Center/Cinemas
Shin Kong Mitsukoshi Tianmu Branch
Fareastern SOGO department store Tianmu Branch
Railway stations in Taipei
King Ecgbert School

King Ecgbert School is a secondary school in Sheffield, England. Ofsted rated it as 'good'.
References
Schools in England
Organisations based in Sheffield
Collegedale, Tennessee

Collegedale is a city in Hamilton County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 8,282 at the 2010 census.
References
Cities in Tennessee
Harold Demsetz

Harold Demsetz (; May 31, 1930 - January 4, 2019) was an American economist. He was a professor of economics at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA). Demsetz was a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a director of the Mont Pelerin Society, and a past (1996) president of the Western Economics Association.
He was known for his works in the Nirvana fallacy.
Demsetz died on January 4, 2019 at the age of 88.
References
1930 births
2019 deaths
American economists
Scientists from Chicago
Writers from Chicago
Constand Viljoen

General Constand Laubscher Viljoen (28 October 1933 - 3 April 2020) was a South African military commander and politician. From 1994 to 2001, he was a Member of Parliament.
He co-founded the Afrikaner Volksfront (Afrikaner People's Front) and later founded the Freedom Front (now Freedom Front Plus). He was known for stopping armed violence by white South Africans during the post-apartheid general elections.
References
1933 births
2020 deaths
South African military people
South African MPs
List of Arizona hurricanes

An Arizona hurricane is a tropical cyclone forming in the eastern Pacific Ocean that affects the state of Arizona in the United States. Usually, the storm makes landfall in the Mexican states of Baja California or Sonora, with the remaining moisture normally having mild rainfall effects on the state. However, a few storms have crossed into Arizona while they still had tropical storm strength.
It is extremely difficult for a hurricane to form in Arizona because the normal storms that form in the eastern Pacific Ocean move either parallel or away from the Pacific coast of Northwestern Mexico. As a result, most storms that could affect Arizona, are carried away from the United States, and only 6% of all Pacific hurricanes enter US territory. In average, Arizona experiences the effects of tropical cyclones once every five years. Many, but not all, of these systems also affected California.
Tropical storms are one of Arizona's main sources of rainfall, and they infuse the monsoon over the southwestern United States. However, all of the storms that have impacted Arizona have formed in the latter parts of the Pacific hurricane season, and no storm has affected the state before August.
Deadly storms
Some of these tropical cyclones have caused deaths or a lot of property damage, usually because of flooding created by rain.
In August of 1935, the remnants of an unnamed tropical storm that landed on southern California causing heavy rains and flooding across Arizona, especially along the Santa Cruz River and Rillito Creek on Southern Arizona. The rainfall due to the storm still holds the record rainfall at the National Weather Service office in Tucson.
In September of 1970, the remnants of Tropical Storm Norma became Arizona's deadliest storm when they contributed to the disaster known as the "Labor Day storm of 1970". As Norma dissipated, moisture from the cyclone was captured in a large extratropical low. The resulting rainfall created deadly floods that killed 23 people and caused huge damages. Two years later, the remnants of Hurricane Joanne caused flooding that created damages up to $10 million (1972 USD) and eight deaths.
On September 11, 1976, Hurricane Kathleen killed a man when a gust of wind blew a palm tree down onto his mobile home. Strong flooding and hailstorms also resulted.
A weather system, including moisture from Tropical Storm Octave, caused heavy rains over a ten-day period. Fourteen people drowned, 975 were injured, and roughly 10,000 people were left homeless when the flooding ended. The amount of damage from the disaster was put at 370 million (year unknown) USD.
References
hurricanes
Weather lists
Arizona hurricanes, List of
Kokoda big-eyed tree frog

The Kokoda big-eyed tree frog (Nyctimystes semipalmatus) is a tree frog from Papua New Guinea. Scientists saw it in the Owen Stanley Mountains between Garaina and Mount Dayman, at 300 to 700 meters above sea level. It lives in forests and wetlands not near the ocean.
Scientists looked at preserved, dead frogs. Among these, the largest adult male frog was 8.4 cm long from nose to rear end but most were closer to 6.4 cm long. The females were about 5.9 to 8.0 cm long. The dead frogs were gray and brown, but the preservative may have changed their color. Scientists who wrote about this preserved frog years ago said it looked pink.
One female frog laid 400 eggs at one time. They were 2.6 mm in diameter. They were cream-colored.
References
Frogs of Oceania
Gaël Clichy

Gael Clichy (born 26 July 1985) is a French football player. He plays for Arsenal and France national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|2002/03||Cannes||Championnat National||15||0||||||||||||||15||0
|-
|2003/04||rowspan="7"|Arsenal||rowspan="7"|Premier League||12||0||4||0||5||0||1||0||22||0
|-
|2004/05||15||0||5||0||1||0||2||0||23||0
|-
|2005/06||7||0||0||0||0||0||4||0||11||0
|-
|2006/07||27||0||5||0||2||0||6||0||40||0
|-
|2007/08||38||0||1||0||0||0||10||0||49||0
|-
|2008/09||31||1||0||0||0||0||10||0||41||1
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
15||0||||||||||||||15||0
130||1||15||0||8||0||37||0||190||1
145||1||15||0||8||0||37||0||205||1
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2008||2||0
|-
|2009||1||0
|-
!Total||3||0
|}
References
1985 births
Living people
French footballers
Manchester City F.C. players
People from Toulouse
Mario and Donkey Kong: Minis on the Move

Mario and Donkey Kong: Minis on the Move is a puzzle video game for the Nintendo 3DS game console. It is the fifth game in the Mario vs. Donkey Kong series. It was released on Nintendo's eShop service on May 9, 2013 in Europe and North America, and July 24, 2013 in Japan.
In the main game, the player has to place blocks on a grid with the goal of making a path for a Mini (a small walking robot that looks like Mario or another character in the Mario series) to get from a warp pipe to the goal. The player has to avoid obstacles like Shy Guys and spikes. Each level has three colored coins that the player can collect. Collecting all three coins gives the player a star token. Star tokens can be used to unlock more gameplay modes, levels, and toys. There are more than 180 levels in four modes of gameplay. There are also four minigames that can be unlocked.
The game has a level creation mode where the player can create their own levels using pieces from the game. They can also control how often tiles fall. Created levels can be saved and shared using StreetPass after the player is able to complete the level that they have created. The levels can also be shared through Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection, where players can download levels created by other players.
References
Other websites
Official website (North America)
Offical website (Europe)
2013 video games
Nintendo 3DS games
Puzzle video games
Mario video games
Donkey Kong
Hudson, Texas

Hudson is a city in Angelina County, Texas, United States.
Cities in Texas
Schattwald

Schattwald is a municipality of the district of Reutte in the Austrian state of Tyrol.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Tyrol (state)
Anson Jones

Anson Jones (January 20, 1798 - January 9, 1858) was an American doctor, businessperson and politician. He was the fourth and last President of the Republic of Texas. He was sometimes called the "Architect of Annexation".
On January 9, 1858 Jones shot himself in Houston, Texas at the age of 59.
References
1798 births
1858 deaths
Suicides by firearm in the United States
American physicians
Businesspeople from Texas
Politicians from Texas
Businesspeople from Massachusetts
Politicians from Massachusetts
Northern Europe

Northern Europe is the northern part of the European continent. Most people see the following states as part of it:
The Nordic countries, including Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, as well as Aland, the Faroe Islands and occasionally Karelia and the Kola Peninsula.
Ireland, the United Kingdom, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands (but see also Western Europe)
The Baltic states, i.e. Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania
Areas bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, e.g. north-western Russia, northern Poland (most often referred to as Eastern Europe), the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and northern Germany.
Europe, the planet's 6th largest continent, includes 47 countries and assorted dependencies, islands and territories.
Before the 19th century, the term 'Nordic' or 'Northern' was commonly used to mean Northern Europe in a sense that included the Nordic countries, European Russia, the Baltic countries (at that time Livonia and Courland) and Greenland.
In earlier eras, when Europe was dominated by the Mediterranean region (i.e. the Roman Empire), everything not near this sea was termed Northern Europe, including Germany, the Low Countries, and Austria. In medieval times, the term (Ultima) Thule was used to mean a semi-mythical place in the extreme northern reaches of the continent.
In a European Union context, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Austria, Luxembourg, Belgium, Netherlands, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania are often seen as belonging to a Northern group.
References
Regions of Europe
Momus

Momus is the god of blame in Greek mythology. His mother is Nyx, but he has no father. He was kicked out of Olympus after criticizing Zeus and Aphrodite.
Greek gods and goddesses
Saturn V

Saturn V was the launch vehicle used by NASA in the Apollo program. The Saturn V carried Apollo 11 to the Moon in 1969, after years of trial, study, and research into its design. Much of the rocket was designed by German engineer and scientist Wernher von Braun, who had previously created the V2 rocket under Nazi Germany. 32 Saturn-model rockets were sent up into space in total, with the launches split between the smaller Saturn I, and its bigger sibling, the Saturn V. 15 Saturn V rockets were made, and 13 were sent up to space for missions. There were two Saturn V's launched with no people in them, used as 'dress rehearsals', with the first manned Apollo flight using a Saturn V being Apollo 8, which was sent around the Moon on December 21, 1968.The Saturn V rocket was a three-part machine. It stood high and weighed . The first rockets were able to carry , which went up to for the later Apollo flights. The first and second stages gave the power needed to lift the rocket off of Earth, intended to break through the atmosphere, so that the weaker third stage could go the rest of the way. The first and second stages each had five engines. The first stage burned kerosene and liquid oxygen together, with the other stages burning a mixture of liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen.
The first stage engines burned for 168 seconds and was able to lift Apollo about off of from the launch pad. The second stage burned for about 8 minutes, in order to take Apollo through the upper atmosphere. By this time, it was traveling at .
The third stage was used for 2 minutes and 30 seconds to put Apollo into an Earth orbit. This was at a height of above the Earth. The third stage was started again and burned for 6 minutes to make the speed go up to needed to send Apollo off to the Moon.
Related pages
Apollo program
NASA
Notes
References
Other websites
NASA sites
Three Saturn Vs on Display Teach Lessons in Space History
Apollo Lunar Surface Journal
Declassified 1964 NASA technical memo on Saturn Rockets Note that this is a large PDF file (61 Megabytes)
Launch complex 39 facility description from 1966 (10 Megabyte PDF file)
Exploring the Unknown Selected Documents in the History of the U.S. Civil Space Program
Other websites
Apollo Saturn Reference Page
Project Apollo Archive
Apollo/Saturn V Development ApolloTV.net Video
Saturn I-IVB Stage
xkcd:Up Goer Five
Apollo program
Rockets
Wernher von Braun
Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri

Akkitham Achuthan Namboothiri (18 March 1926 - 15 October 2020), popularly known as Akkitham, was an Indian poet and essayist. Many of his works were in the Malayalam language. He was born near Kumaranellur, Palakkad.
Akkitham was the 2019 recipient of India's highest literary honour, the Jnanpith Award, and several other awards including Padma Shri.
Namboothiri died at a private hospital on 15 October 2020 in Thrissur, aged 94.
References
1926 births
2020 deaths
Indian poets
Essayists
Ted Bulley

Ted Bulley (born March 25, 1955) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) player from 1976 to 1984. He played the left wing position. He was born in Windsor, Ontario in Canada. For most of his career he played for the Chicago Blackhawks.
Career statistics
References
Other websites
Hockey-Reference
1955 births
American Hockey League players
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Chicago Blackhawks players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
International Hockey League (1945-2001) players
Quebec Major Junior Hockey League players
Ontario Hockey League players
Central Professional Hockey League players
Roxie, Mississippi

Roxie is a town in Franklin County, Mississippi, United States.
Towns in Mississippi
Museum of Mathematics (Polytechnic University of Madrid)

Classroom-workshop-museum of mathematics, also known as Museum of Mathematics of the Polytechnic University of Madrid, is a mathematics museum located inside the University, in Madrid.
Background
The Museum offers thematic exhibitions that change every year and that will mark the activities of the same. In this way, in each of the periods, a certain part of Mathematics and its applications is worked on. An exhibition dedicated to each of these themes is offered and workshops, conferences and activities are carried out in accordance with the subject matter.
The visit for the general public takes place on Saturdays when the museum is open and admission is free.
References
Museums in Spain
Wikio

Wikio is a European search engine developed by Pierre Chappaz.
References
Other websites
Wikio official web site
Wikio Italy web site
Search engines
Orenburg Oblast

Orenburg Oblast () is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Orenburg. In 2010, 2,033,072 people lived in the oblast.
References
Oblasts of Russia
Pilar Pellicer

Pilar Pellicer (born Pilar Pellicer Lopez de Llergo; February 2, 1938 - May 16, 2020) was a Mexican actress. Pellicer won the Ariel Award for Best Actress for her role as the main character in La Choca (1974). Her other best known roles were as Admiradora in The Life of Agustin Lara (1959) and as Lydia Day of the Evil Gun (1968). Pellicer was born in Villahermosa, Tabasco.
Pellicer died of COVID-19 on May 16, 2020 in Mexico City, aged 82.
References
Other websites
1938 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico
Mexican movie actors
Mexican television actors
Mexican voice actors
Mexican stage actors
Actors from Mexico City
Sean Rad

Sean Rad (born May 22, 1986) is an entrepreneur and co-founder of Tinder, the online dating app.
Early life and education
Rad was born on May 22, 1986 in Los Angeles, California. Rad began his studies at the University of Southern California (USC) but dropped out after two years.
Career
Rad started his first company, Orgoo an application for messaging and video chat integration tool in 2004. He also founded Adly an influencer social media management company in 2009.
References
1986 births
Living people
Businesspeople from California
Litoria majikthise

Litoria majikthise is a frog from Papua New Guinea. Scientists saw it in the Star Mountains.
Scientists say this frog is related to Litoria nigropunctata.
References
Frogs of Oceania
Wicki-Hayden note layout

In music, the Wicki-Hayden note layout has the same advantage over the traditional keyboard layout as the 6-plus-6-system: There is the same fingering in all 12 scales. It is used for the Hayden duet concertina. Kaspar Wicki patented it in 1896 in Switzerland. Brian Hayden, a concertina player, refined this layout and patented it again in 1986 in Great Britain.
Keyboard instruments
Omri Boehm

Omri Boehm is an Israeli philosopher and associate professor of philosophy at the New School for Social Research in New York City. He is known for his interpretation of the Binding of Isaac (Genesis 22), work on Kant, and writing on Israel and Zionism.
References
Israeli academics
Israeli writers
Israeli journalists
Israeli philosophers
Political writers
Living people
Alfonso Soriano

Alfonso Guilleard Soriano (born January 7, 1976) is a Dominican Republican professional Major League Baseball player. He currently is a free agent. He has used to play with the Hiroshima Toyo Carp, New York Yankees, Texas Rangers and Washington Nationals before the Cubs. He played as a second baseman for the Yankees and Rangers. He bats right-handed and has batted as a lead-off hitter for most of his career.
Statistics
Batting
Fielding
Related pages
Other websites
Baseball Prospectus: Alfonso Soriano
1976 births
Living people
Washington Nationals players
Chicago Cubs players
New York Yankees players
Texas Rangers players
National League All-Stars
Dimitar Largov

Dimitar Simeonov Largov (; 10 September 1936 - 26 November 2020) was a Bulgarian football midfielder. He played for Bulgaria in the 1966 FIFA World Cup. He also played for Septemvri Sofia and Slavia Sofia.
He also competed in the men's tournament at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
Largov died on 26 November 2020 at the age of 84.
References
1936 births
2020 deaths
Bulgarian footballers
Bulgarian Olympians
Chillicothe, Ohio

Chillicothe is a city in Ohio in the United States. It is the county seat of Ross County. 21,901 people lived there in the 2010 census.
References
Cities in Ohio
County seats in Ohio
Soglio, Switzerland

Soglio is a village and a former municipality in the district of Maloja in the Swiss canton of the Graubunden close to the border with Italy. It is part of the municipality of Bregaglia.
Former municipalities of Graubunden
Sunnyland Slim

Albert "Sunnyland Slim" Luandrew (September 5, 1907 - March 17, 1995) was an American blues pianist from the Mississippi delta. He later went to Chicago where he became one of the most important piano players in Chicago's blues scene. Sunnyland Slim was one of the most important persons in Chicago blues history, but he really never became a star because he did most of his work as sideman.
Life
He was born on a farm near Vance, Mississippi. He taught himself to play piano and organ and began playing in a local church when he was 14. Soon played in juke joints in the whole delta area. In 1925 he went to Memphis, Tennessee where he played with local musicians like Little Brother Montgomery and Ma Rainey. There he also got his stage name writing a song about the Sunnyland train which ran between Memphis and St. Louis, Missouri. In 1942 he went to Chicago.
As the electric blues began Sunnyland Slim played with blues musicians like Muddy Waters, Howlin' Wolf, Robert Lockwood, Jr., and Little Walter. Muddy Waters partially owed his recording career at Chess Records to Sunnyland Slim who introduced him to the Chess brothers at his own birthday party. His first recording was as a singer with Jump Jackson's band on the Specialty label in September 1946 and his first recording as band leader was in 1947. Between 1948 and 1956 he recorded for Hytone, Opera, Chance, Tempo-Tone, Mercury, Apollo, JOB, Regal, Vee-Jay (unissued), Blue Lake, Club 51, Cobra. In 1988 he was awarded a National Heritage Fellowship. He went on touring and recording till his death in 1995.
Discography
1969 Midnight Jump Beat Goes On
1969 Slim's Got His Thing Goin' on Sequel
1969 Slim's Shout Prestige/Original Blues Classics
1971 Depression Blues Festival Records
1973 Plays Ragtime Blues BluesWay
1975 Sunnyland Slim & Little Brother Montgomery 77 Records
1977 She Got That Jive Airway Records
1979 Patience Like Job Airway Records
1986 Chicago Jump Evidence
1989 Be Careful How You Vote Earwig
1991 Live in Europe Airway Records
1994 Decoration Day Evidence
1994 Chicago Blues Sessions Southland (Select-O-Hits)
1995 Live at the D.C. Blues Society Mapleshade Records
1995 Sunnyland Train Evidence
1998 She Got a Thing Goin' On Blind Pig
1999 Smile on My Face Delmark
2006 Blues Legends Live Mapleshade Records
References
Blues musicians
Blues pianists
1907 births
1995 deaths
Boogie Woogie pianists
Chicago blues musicians
Musicians from Mississippi
Bobbio Pellice

Bobbio Pellice is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region of Piedmont.
Settlements in Piedmont
Henry Ruggs

Henry James Ruggs III (born January 24, 1999) is an American football wide receiver who is a free agent. He played college football at Alabama. Ruggs was chosen by the Raiders in the 2020 NFL Draft. During his second season, Ruggs caused a car crash that killed a 23-year-old woman. He was released by the Raiders the same day.
Living people
1999 births
Las Vegas Raiders players
People from Montgomery, Alabama
Sportspeople from Alabama
Odessa Sathyan

Cheeram Veetti Sathyan, popularly known as Odessa Sathyan (10 October 1957 - 19 August 2014) was an Indian documentary filmmaker and social activist. he was known for his works in the naxal movements of the seventies in Kerala and his association with Odessa Collective. He was a recipient of Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi award, for his musical album, Balikurup, a documentary on Malayalam poet, A. Ayyappan.
Sathyan died on 19 August 2014 from pancreatic cancer at the Kozhikode Medical College in Kerala, India. His body was laid to rest at his home at Narayana Nagar, Kozhikode.
References
Other websites
News report on Madhyamam daily
News report on Mathrubhumi News
1957 births
2014 deaths
Indian movie directors
Indian activists
Malayali people
Firm (disambiguation)

A firm is a commercial partnership of two or more people.
Firm or The Firm may also refer to:
In print
The Firm (novel), a novel by John Grisham
The Firm: The Inside Story of McKinsey, a book by Duff McDonald
Film and television
The Firm (1989 film), a British drama movie
The Firm (2009 movie), a remake of the 1989 movie
The Firm (1993 movie), an American legal thriller based on John Grisham's novel
The Firm (2012 TV series), a Canadian television series
The Firm (Malaysian TV series), a TV series that began in 2007
The Firm (EastEnders), a fictional gangland organization in the soap opera Eastenders
The FIRM, a fictional organization in Airwolf, an American television series
Music
The Firm (hip hop group), an American hip hop supergroup active between 1996 and 1998
The Firm (novelty band), a band best known for their hits "Star Trekkin'" and "Arthur Daley E's Alright"
The Firm (rock band), a British rock supergroup active during the mid-1980s
The Firm (album), the band's eponymous debut album
The Firm (soundtrack), an album by Dave Grusin
Businesses
The Firm, Inc., a talent management company
J. C. Williamson Limited or the Firm, Australian theatre owners and producers
Jardine Matheson or the Firm, a Hong Kong-based conglomerate
McKinsey & Company or the Firm, a consulting company
The Firm, an American skateboard company once run by Lance Mountain
Ships
HMS Firm
USS Firm (AM-98), an Adroit-class minesweeper laid down in 1941
USS Firm (AM-444), an Aggressive-class minesweeper launched in 1953
Other uses
The FIRM, a brand of workout videos and fitness products
The Firm (video game), an IOS stock-trading simulation game
The Firm, a pair of Australian racehorse owners - see Clark & Robinson
The Firm, a London criminal gang once run by the Kray twins
The Firm, a Danish intelligence agency run by Arne Sejr
The Firm, a decorative arts partnership founded by William Morris and others
Fair Immigration Reform Movement
Flood insurance rate map
FiRM, a legacy warez group
People
Gareth Firm, rugby league footballer
Vladimir Firm (1923-1996), Croatian footballer
Related pages
The Old Firm, the name given to the relationship between Scottish football teams Rangers F.C. and Celtic F.C.
Hooligan firm, a violent football supporters' group
Fishery Resources Monitoring System (FIRMS)
Person of Interest (TV series)

Person of Interest is an American television series that aired on CBS from 2011 to 2016.
2010s American television series
English-language television programs
Monroe Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey

Monroe Township is a township in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 census, 48,594 people lived there.
References
Townships in New Jersey
Middlesex County, New Jersey
Coat of arms of Andorra

The coat of arms of Andorra has been used for centuries. Below the shield arms is Andorra's national motto (Latin for ). The coat of arms also appears on the Flag of Andorra.
Andorra
National symbols of Andorra
Bonobo (musician)

Simon Green (born 30 March 1976), known as Bonobo, is a British electronic musician. He released his first album Animal Magic in 2000 on the record label Tru Thoughts. It was then released again by Ninja Tune in 2001. He became successful in 2013 when he released his fifth album The North Borders. Erykah Badu sung on one of the songs on the album. Bonobo's song "Ketto" was used in the Citroen C4 Picasso car advertisement in 2007. He lives in New York.
References
1976 births
British electronic musicians
Living people
Thury-Harcourt

Thury-Harcourt is a former commune. It is in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Le Hom.
References
Former communes in Calvados
Teenage Dream (song)

"Teenage Dream" is a single from Katy Perry's album of the same name. It was released July 23, 2010 via digital download and received mostly positive reviews from the music critics. The song topped the charts in several countries, including the United States and the Republic of Ireland.
Credits and personnel
Credits adapted from Teenage Dream album liner notes.
Katy Perry - songwriting, vocals
Dr. Luke - songwriting, producer, drums, keyboards, programming
Max Martin - songwriting, producer, drums, keyboards, programming
Benny Blanco - songwriting, producer, drums, keyboards, programming
Bonnie McKee - songwriting
Emily Wright - engineering
Sam Holland - engineering
Tucker Bodine - assistant engineering
Aniela Gottwald - assistant engineering
Serban Ghenea - mixing
John Hanes - mix engineering
Tim Roberts - assistant mix engineering
Brian Gardner - mastering
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
References
2010 songs
Katy Perry songs
Electropop songs
Power pop songs
Pap test

The Papanicolaou test (also Pap test, Pap smear (AE), cervical smear (BE), cervical screening (BE), or smear test (BE)) is a test that doctors do for women. The test tells whether the woman has cancer cells on her cervix, which is an organ inside the vagina.
A doctor collects cells from the cervix using a speculum, brush, and spatula. The doctor puts the cells in a liquid or on a glass slide. Then the liquid or slide goes to a laboratory for testing. The technician in the laboratory looks at the cells under a microscope to see if they are cancer or could become cancer. Woman do pap tests because, if she finds out she has cervical cancer early, she can start treatment, and she is more likely to live.
References
Medical tests
A Grand Day Out

A Grand Day Out with Wallace and Gromit, later marketed as A Grand Day Out, is a 1989 British Clay animation|stop-motion animated short film starring Wallace and Gromit. It was directed, co-written, and animated by Nick Park at the National Film and Television School in Beaconsfield and Aardman Animations in Bristol.
Clay animation movies
Ghazali Mohd Seth

General (Rtd) Tan Sri Dato' Mohd Ghazali bin Mohd Seth (4 February 1929 - 24 August 2021) was a Malaysian military personnel. He was the 7th Chief of Defence Forces of Malaysia from 1982 until 1985. He also was the Army chief from 1977 until 1982. He was born in Johor Bahru, Malaysia.
Ghazali died on 24 August 2021 at a hospital in Kuala Lumpur from heart failure, aged 92.
References
1929 births
2021 deaths
Malaysian politicians
Asian military people
Vittorio Emanuele Orlando

Vittorio Emanuele Orlando (May 19, 1860 - December 1, 1952) was an Italian diplomat and political figure. He was born in Palermo, Sicily. His father, a landed gentleman, delayed venturing out to register his son's birth for fear of Giuseppe Garibaldi's 1,000 patriots who had just stormed into Sicily on the first leg of their march to build an Italian nation.
References
Other websites
Arlacchi, Pino (1988). Mafia Business. The Mafia Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, Oxford: Oxford University Press,
Dickie, John (2004). Cosa Nostra. A history of the Sicilian Mafia, London: Coronet,
Lauren, Paul G. (1988). Power And Prejudice: The Politics And Diplomacy Of Racial Discrimination, Boulder (CO): Westview Press,
1860 births
1952 deaths
Prime Ministers of Italy
Politicians from Palermo
Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies (Italy)
Edinburgh International Festival

The Edinburgh International Festival is a festival of music, theatre, opera, dance, visual arts and literature that takes place every year in the city of Edinburgh, Scotland. Each year it is held for about three weeks in late August and early September.
The festival started in 1947. A key person was Rudolf Bing, who was then the manager of the Glyndbourne Opera Festival. Bing was later General Manager of the Metropolitan Opera in New York City from 1950 to 1972. He was naturalized as a British subject in 1946 and knighted in 1971. His idea was to heal the wounds of war through the languages of the arts. Since 2014 the director of the festival has been Fergus Linehan.
At first the Festival concentrated on classical music. Its later events were based on the traditional arts: classical music, ballet, sculpture and fine art. Since 1999 the permanent home of the festival is at The Hub, near Edinburgh Castle. Several large theatres, concert halls and churches in Edinburgh are used for the events, e.g. Usher Hall, Festival Theatre, Edinburgh Playhouse, The Queen's Hall and The Hub.
About ten other festivals are held in Edinburgh at the same time as the Edinburgh Festival. The result is festivals with more than 2,500 performances and events per day in Edinburgh in August, many times bigger than the next biggest arts festivals anywhere in the world.
2020 is the only year the Festival has not been held. The reason was the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic.
References
Related pages
Edinburgh Fringe
Other websites
Official web site
Edinburgh Festival Guide full listings and reviews for all the Edinburgh festivals
1947 establishments in the United Kingdom
1940s establishments in Scotland
Music festivals in Scotland
Festivals in the United Kingdom
Organisations based in Edinburgh