pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Feldkircher Lyrikpreis

The Feldkirch Poetry Prize, in German Feldkircher Lyrikpreis, started by Erika Kronabitter, an Austrian artist and writer, is given every year by the theater Theater am Saumarkt in Feldkirch, Vorarlberg/Austria. Among the sponsors, there are the Austrian government, the local administration of Vorarlberg and private banks. In 2003, the poetry prize was organized for the first time.
Poets from all countries may send in their poems. German philologists and poets are the jury. The winners are presented to the public during Fall. The winning poems are archived in the Library of Vorarlberg.
Winners
2012
Elisabeth Steinkellner
Sascha Kokot und Andra Schwarz
2011
Tobias Falberg
C. H. Huber
Claudia Scherer
2010
Kenah Cusanit
Regina Hilber
Udo Kawasser
2009
Marcus Pottler
Silke Peters and Thilo Krause (ex aequo)
2008
Andreas Neeser
Martin Strauss
Lina Hofstadter
2007
Klaus Handl
Bernhard Saupe
Alexandra Lavizzari
Thomas Steiner
2006
Adelheid Dahimene
Christine Haidegger
Ludwig Laher
Hans Eichhorn
2005
Knut Schaflinger
Julia Rhomberg
Udo Kawasser
Klaus Ebner
2004
Elsbeth Maag
Knut Schaflinger
Lisa Mayer
Gertrude Pieber-Prem
Sabine Eschgfaller
Udo Kawasser und Walter Pucher
2003
Elfriede Kehrer
Norbert Mayer
Walter Pucher
Mechthild Podzeit-Lutjen
Ulrike Ulrich
Other websites
Theater am Saumarkt
Article of the Austrian television on the 5th Poetry Prize
Sources
Austrian newspaper Vorarlberger Nachrichten
Literary awards
Austrian culture
Vorarlberg
Khumukcham

Khumukcham is a Meetei Manipuri surname or family name which has Indian origin. People of this family mainly inhabit in Manipur, India.
Other websites
http://www.mychildnames.com/mobile/similar-surname.aspx?surname=Khumukcham
http://www.indiachildnames.com/mobile/similarfamilyname.aspx?surname=Khumukcham
References
Meitei surnames
Watauga County, North Carolina

Watauga County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. In 2010, 51,079 people lived there. Its county seat is Boone.
References
1840s establishments in North Carolina
1849 establishments in the United States
North Carolina counties
Console manufacturer

A console manufacturer is a company that makes and sells video game consoles. It is a multimillion-dollar industry.
Video game companies
David Peck

David Peck is an American business executive, consultant, writer and public speaker, who is active at the intersection of cannabis and E-commerce sectors.
He attained a Bachelor's Degree in Psychology from Brown University, Rhode Island in 2003. He is the co-founder of Ivy Film Festival, hosted annually on the campus of Brown University.
He went on to help start the Ask a Ninja YouTube show.
In 2013, he founded Sock Panda, a company which donates socks to those in need with every purchase. As of December 2017 the company has donated nearly 100,000 socks to homeless shelters, low income senior centers, hospitals, and under-privileged classrooms throughout the United States.
He attained the Master of Business Administration from USC Marshall School of Business, California in 2014.
On April 2017, he joined High Times to serve as Vice President of Business Development
References
Pages created with the Article Wizard from 2019
Living people
University of Guelph alumni
Tatum O'Neal

Tatum Beatrice O'Neal (born November 5, 1963) is an American actress and author. She is the youngest person ever to win an Academy Award, which she won in 1974 at age 10 for her role as Addie Loggins in Paper Moon. She also starred in The Bad News Bears (1976), Nickelodeon (1976), and Little Darlings (1980).
On June 1, 2008, she was arrested for buying crack cocaine near her Manhattan apartment building.
In 2015, she said she had begun dating women, while choosing not to identify as either lesbian, bisexual or heterosexual, saying, "I'm not one or the other."
References
Other websites
Academy Award winning actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
1963 births
Living people
LGBT actors
LGBT people from Los Angeles
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American child actors
Actors from Los Angeles
Google Sites

Google Sites is a structured wiki and webpage creator offered by Google as part of Google Apps. You don't need to pay for anything but not the domain. It was launched on February 28, 2008. It replaces Google Page Creator, Google's previous webpage creation service. It is easy to use, and provides quick and easy to access editing tools, such as basic editing tools, HTML insertion modules, formatting options, built in tables and layout customization settings.
Google
Cebuano Wikipedia

The Cebuano Wikipedia () is the Cebuano-language edition of Wikipedia. This edition started on June 22, 2005. Cebuano is the second most spoken language in the Philippines. As of it has about articles, most of which are created by Lsjbot. This makes it the second-largest language edition of Wikipedia, and the largest Philippine-based language on Wikipedia.
References
Other websites
Cebuano Wikipedia mobile version
Wikipedias
Websites established in 2005
Otto the Great

Otto I the Great (23 November 912 - 7 May 973), son of Henry I the Fowler, king of the Germans, and Matilda of Ringelheim, was Duke of the Saxons, King of the Germans and Holy Roman Emperor. He won a big war against the Magyars and later conquered northern Italy.
Other websites
912 births
973 deaths
Holy Roman Emperors
Ottonian dynasty
10th century in Germany
David Beckham

David Beckham (born 2 May 1975) is a retired English association football player. He is now the owner of MLS team Inter Miami CF and EFL League Two club Salford City.
In June 2003, Queen Elizabeth II gave Beckham an OBE. In January 2005, Beckham became a UNICEF ambassador.
When he moved from Manchester United F.C. to Real Madrid in 2003, he became the highest paid footballer in the world (this has long since been surpassed).
Early life
Beckham was born at Whipps Cross University Hospital in London, England. He was the son of Ted and Sandra Georgina West. He grew up in the Manchester football youth system along with Ryan Giggs, Nicky Butt, Phil Neville, Gary Neville, and Paul Scholes who all turned out to be famous footballers. Beckham's maternal grandfather was Jewish, and he describes himself as "half-Jewish", and wrote in his autobiography "I've probably had more contact with Judaism than with any other religion".
Career
Manchester United
From 1992 through 2003, he played for Manchester United in the Premier League.
Real Madrid
After leaving Manchester United, he signed a four-year contract with Real Madrid which ended in June 2007.
LA Galaxy
From 2007 to 2012, he played for LA Galaxy in the United States. He was loaned out to AC Milan of Italy for the 2008-09 and the 2009-10 seasons before joining the Galaxy again.
PSG
He played for Paris Saint-Germain in Ligue 1 until the end of the 2012/13 season. After the season ended, he retired.
England
He played for England for 13 years, from 1996 until 2009. He was dropped from the England team after giving up his England captaincy but regained his place in the England squad when Fabio Capello became the England manager in 2008.
Personal life
Beckham's wife is singer Victoria Beckham. Some people call her Posh Spice because she was a member of the Spice Girls. The couple have three sons: Brooklyn Joseph Beckham (born 4 March 1999 in London), Romeo James Beckham (born 1 September 2002 in London), and Cruz David Beckham (born 20 February 2005 in Madrid, Spain), and a daughter Harper Beckham (born 2 July 2011). She is also the youngest member of the Beckham family.
Club career statistics
International career statistics
|-
|1996||3||0
|-
|1997||9||0
|-
|1998||8||1
|-
|1999||7||0
|-
|2000||10||0
|-
|2001||10||5
|-
|2002||9||3
|-
|2003||9||4
|-
|2004||12||2
|-
|2005||9||1
|-
|2006||8||1
|-
|2007||5||0
|-
|2008||8||0
|-
|2009||8||0
|-
!Total||115||17
|}
References
1975 births
Living people
1998 FIFA World Cup players
2002 FIFA World Cup players
2006 FIFA World Cup players
Footballers from London
Manchester United F.C. players
People from Leytonstone
UEFA Euro 2000 players
UEFA Euro 2004 players
Premier League players
European Jews
England at UEFA Euro 2000
England at UEFA Euro 2004
Bozhidar Dimitrov

Bozhidar Dimitrov Stoyanov (, 3 December 1945 - 1 July 2018) was a Bulgarian historian. He worked in Medieval Bulgarian history, the Ottoman rule and the Macedonian Question. He was the director of the National Historical Museum. He was born in Sozopol, Bulgaria.
Dimitrov Cove in Antarctica is named after him.
Dimitrov died on 1 July 2018 in Sofia from a heart attack at the age of 72.
References
1945 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Bulgarian politicians
Historians
Manomaya Buddha Temple

Manomaya Buddha Temple was established in 2023 during a consecration ceremony. The ceremony was attended by Clergy from Wat Pak Nam Temple in Thailand as the Guest of Honour. The ceremony attracted over 2000 visitors and was covered by local media.
The temple is in the village of Paganeri in South India. Paganeri is a village in Kalaiyarkoil Block in Sivaganga District of Tamil Nadu State, India. It is located 20 KM towards North from District headquarters Sivaganga. 19 KM from Kalaiyarkoil. 454 KM from State capital Chennai.
The temple is privately owned and as such does not accept donations. The purpose is to offer visitors a spiritual experience from where they will learn more about themselves, the world we live in and how to be happier within both.
The temple was established by Manikandan Chockalingam CEO of Cal4Care.
Why this Buddha Pedam?
Considering the name and location of this town, this Buddha is blessed and called 'Manomaya Buddha' on the advice of Buddhist Bhikkhu from "Wat Pak Nam" temple in Thailand.
It is believed that by meditating and contemplating on the pillars and walls of this temple in honor of the Buddha's teachings, one can attain the same peace and enlightenment that the Buddha attained.
The Pedhama is designed to provide a peaceful environment for those seeking to deepen their understanding of the Buddha's teachings and cultivate peace of mind and wisdom. In addition, the Buddha Pedhama enables individuals to come together to connect with each other in community and share their spiritual journey.
This private temple also serves as a place of peace for Paganeri village and peace of mind for mankind.
References
Buddhist temples
Temples in Tamil Nadu
Chris Pine

Christopher Whitelaw "Chris" Pine (born August 26, 1980) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles as Steve Trevor in Wonder Woman (2017) and the sequel Wonder Woman 1984 (2019) and as James T. Kirk in the 2009 movie Star Trek.
Pine has been in a relationship with British actress Annabelle Wallis since 2018.
Filmography
References
Other websites
1980 births
Living people
Actors from Los Angeles
American movie actors
American television actors
American video game actors
American voice actors
Krunoslav Hulak

Krunoslav Hulak (25 May 1951 - 23 October 2015) was a Croatian chess master. He was awarded the International Master title in 1974, and the grandmaster title in 1976. Hulak was born in Osijek, Croatia.
Hulak died in Zagreb, Croatia, aged 64.
References
Other websites
Tuzna vijest za hrvatski sah: Bio je omiljen...
1951 births
2015 deaths
Yugoslavian chess players
Chess grandmasters
Oh Well (song)

"Oh Well" is a 1969 song by British blues rock band Fleetwood Mac. It later appeared on their third studio album Then Play On and their 1971 greatest hits album Greatest Hits. "Oh Well" was composed into two parts Part 1 is a faster paced track and Part 2 is the entirely different instrumental piece with a classical influence added into it. It went to number 2 in the United Kingdom and France, number 54 in Canada, number 55 in the United States, number 17 in Australia, number 5 in Germany and Ireland, number 3 in Norway and number 6 in Austria and Switzerland. It was covered by Deep Purple for their 21st studio album Turning to Crime.
References
1969 songs
Fleetwood Mac songs
Deep Purple songs
Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers songs
Kenny Wayne Shepherd songs
Aerosmith songs
Joe Jackson (musician) songs
Haim (band) songs
The Black Crowes songs
Bob Welch songs
Blues rock songs
Folk rock songs
Hard rock songs
Psychedelic rock songs
Pascal Siakam

Pascal Siakam is a professional basketball player from Cameroon. He plays forward for the Toronto Raptors.
Siakam grew up in Douala, Cameroon. He did not start playing baskeball until he was sixteen. He started after attending an annual basketball camp that his friends went to and got noticed by some of the organizers. He then received an invitation to attend a Basketball Without Borders camp in South Africa. One thing lead to the other and he ended up in God's Academy, a prep school in Lewiston, Texas. He could not speak English and went through a Culture Shock, trying to get used to American customs and fast food. It was also tough for him physically. As he grew taller and developed some basketball skills he started standing out because of his inner drive. He would not let an opportunity to go by, chasing difficult balls and impossible rebounds. He was always working harder at it than the others.
References
Other websites
Toronto Raptors players
1994 births
Living people
Cameroonian sportspeople
Thomas S. Monson

Thomas Spencer Monson (August 21, 1927 - January 2, 2018) was an American religious leader and writer. On February 3, 2008, he became the sixteenth President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, after the death of Gordon B. Hinckley. He was appointed on the basis of seniority following the death of the previous president. He was born in Salt Lake City, Utah.
Monson was made an apostle at age 36. He was a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles until he became the President of the Church. As president of the church, Monson is said to be a prophet, seer, and revelator of God's will. Monson spent most of his time engaged in various church leadership positions and in public service.
He received three honorary doctorates. He was Chairman of the Church Boards of Trustees/Education of the Church Educational System. He was appointed by Ronald Reagan to the President's Task Force for Private Sector Initiatives. Monson received the Boy Scouts of America's Silver Buffalo and the World Organization of the Scout Movement's Bronze Wolf--both awards. Both awards are the highest given in each organization.
Monson died in Salt Lake City on January 2, 2018 at the age of 90. He was replaced by Russell M. Nelson.
Early life
Monson was born on August 21, 1927 in Salt Lake City, Utah. His Father was George Spencer Monson (1901-1979) and his mother was Gladys Condie Monson (1902-1973). Nels Monson was his Swedish grandfather. Nels Monson was born in Torhamn, Sweden and moved to Utah at the age of 16. Thomas S. Monson was the second of six children. He grew up in a close family. Many of his mother's family lived on the same street. Aunts, uncles, and cousins frequently vacationed together. The family's neighborhood had many families from Mexico. Monson said he developed a love for the Mexican people and culture. Monson often spent weekends with family on their farms in Granger (now part of West Valley City). Monson's father owned a printing business. Monson worked there when he was a teenager.
From 1940 to 1944, Monson attended West High School in Salt Lake City. In 1944, he started going to the University of Utah. While Monson was at school he met his future wife, Frances. Frances's family came from a higher social class on the east side of the city. Her father, Franz Johnson, was excited to meet Thomas. He knew Monson's great uncle, Elias Monson. Elias had baptized Franz into the LDS Church in Sweden.
References
1927 births
2018 deaths
American Latter Day Saints
Christian religious leaders
Christian writers
Writers from Salt Lake City, Utah
Karl Wiedergott

Karl Wiedergott (born February 8, 1969) is a German-born American actor. He has regularly played various voice roles in the television program The Simpsons, beginning in 1998 and quitting the show in 2010. He has also worked on The Simpsons Movie which was released July 27, 2007.
Other websites
Karl Wiedergott's Official Website
1969 births
Living people
German movie actors
German television actors
German voice actors
The Simpsons
Actors from Berlin
Kirchenthurnen

Kirchenthurnen was a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. On 1 January 2020, the former municipalities of Kirchenthurnen, Lohnstorf and Muhlethurnen merged to form the new municipality of Thurnen.
References
Other websites
Official website
Former municipalities of Bern
Luigi Gatti

Gaspare Antonio Pietro "Luigi" Gatti (3 January 1875 - 15 April 1912) was an Italian businessman and restauranteur. He was best known as the manager of the A la Carte restaurant on the RMS Titanic, catering to passengers for whom first-class service was not exclusive enough.
Gatti went down with the ship, dying on 15 April 1912. His body was recovered by the CS Minia between 26 April and 6 May 1912, and buried in Fairview Cemetery, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
References
1875 births
1912 deaths
Victims of the RMS Titanic
Italian businesspeople
James Alan McPherson

James Alan McPherson (September 16, 1943 - July 27, 2016) was an American essayist and short-story writer. He was born in Savannah, Georgia.
He was the first African-American writer to win the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, and was included among the first group of artists who received a MacArthur Fellowship. At the time of his death, McPherson was a professor emeritus of fiction at the Iowa Writers' Workshop.
McPherson died in hospice on July 27, 2016, in Iowa City, Iowa, due to complications of pneumonia. He was 72.
References
1943 births
2016 deaths
African American writers
Short story writers
Pulitzer Prize winners
Harvard University alumni
People from Savannah, Georgia
Writers from Georgia (U.S. state)
Writers from Iowa
People from Iowa City, Iowa
Deaths from pneumonia
Preux-au-Bois

Preux-au-Bois is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 837 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Charles Darrow

Charles Darrow (10 August 1889 -- 28 August 1967) was one of the founders of Monopoly.
Life
In the 1930s, Charles met Lizzie Maggie, founder of The Landlord's Game, they played a game of that, and so that Charles Darrow became one of the founders of Monopoly.
In 1935, He sold Monopoly to Parker Brothers.
Darrow died on 28 August 1967, in Bucks County, Pennsylvania at the age of 78.
Businesspeople from Philadelphia
1889 births
1967 deaths
The General Strike

The General Strike is a 2012 album by American punk rock band Anti-Flag. It is their 9th album.
Track listing
"Controlled Opposition" - 0:22
"The Neoliberal Anthem" - 3:18
"1915" - 2:52
"This Is The New Sound" - 2:46
"Bullshit Opportunist" - 2:36
"The Ranks of The Masses Rising" - 2:29
"Turn a Blind Eye" - 1:19
"Broken Bones" - 3:01
"I Don't Wanna" - 2:27
"Nothing Recedes Like Progress" - 2:18
"Resist" - 1:02
"The Ghosts of Alexandria" - 2:54
Bonus tracks
"Wrong Colour" - 2:44 (Bonus on iTunes)
The band gave away an exclusive five-song download card to everyone who attended any of the band's album release shows from March 6-14, 2012. The download features three tracks from the album and two previously unreleased tracks.
Unreleased bonus tracks:
"SKATE" - 1:18
"Whistleblower" - 2:39
Personnel
Anti-Flag
Justin Sane - guitar, vocals
Chris #2 - bass, vocals
Chris Head - guitar, vocals
Pat Thetic - drums
2012 albums
Punk albums
Mike Hawthorn

John Michael Hawthorn (10 April 1929 - 22 January 1959) was a racing driver, born in Mexborough, Yorkshire, England, and educated at Ardingly College, West Sussex.
On 22 January 1959, only three months into his retirement, Hawthorn died in a car accident on the A3 Guildford bypass. He drove his modified 1958 Jaguar 3.4-litre saloon (now known as the 3.4 Mk 1) VDU 881 to London. The precise cause of the accident is unknown.
The accident occurred on a notoriously dangerous section of the road, the scene of 15 serious accidents (two fatal) in the previous two years. The road was also wet at the time. Driving at speed (one witness estimated 80 m.p.h.), Hawthorn overtook a Mercedes-Benz 300SL 'gull-wing' sports car driven by an acquaintance, the motor racing team manager Rob Walker. On entering a right-hand bend shortly after passing the Mercedes, Hawthorn clipped a 'Keep Left' bollard dividing the two carriageways, causing him to lose control..
References
1929 births
1959 deaths
British Formula One drivers
Road accident deaths
Amenia (town), New York

Amenia is a community in Dutchess County, New York, United States.
Towns in New York (state)
Dutchess County, New York
Avensac

Avensac is a commune in the Gers department. It is in southwestern France.
Related pages
Communes of the Gers department
Communes in Gers
Ksenia Kravchenko

Ksenia Kravchenko (born 5 February 1991) is a Russian volleyball player. She played at the 2015 FIVB World Grand Prix and 2015 Montreux Volley Masters.
She played for VC Voronezh and Severyanka Cherepovets.
References
1991 births
Russian volleyball players
Living people
Resistance welding

Resistance spot welding (RSW) is a process in which metal surfaces are joined by the heat gained from resistance to an electric current. It is in the group of electric resistance welding.
Metalworking
Vinje

Vinje is a municipality in Norway. It is in the county of Telemark. The administration of this place is done from Amot.
Notable people from Vinje
Terje Hakonsen, snowboarder
Aslak Brekke, kveder ( a type of folk musician )
Myllarguten, or Targjei Augundsson (1801-1872), Master fiddler / artist
Odd Nordstoga,popular musician
Aasmund Olavsson Vinje, author
Tarjei Vesaas, author
Dyre Vaa, sculptor. Sculptures by him are found in Oslo and Vinje.
Aslaug Vaa, author
Places of interest
Vinje is the home of folk musician Myllarguten. His home there is now a small museum. A monument of Myllarguten is located near Kosi. Myllarguten was a 19th-century musician. He who played for kings and inspired Edvard Grieg.
History
Vinje was established in 1838 as a municipality. It is on the Hardangervidda and on the Setesdalsheiane Mountains plateaus.
Arabygdi lies in the western part of Rauland. It is on Lake Totak. The largest stone scree in Northern Europe, is Urdbouri. The scree has huge boulders lying on the floor of the valley.
The name
The municipality Vinje (originally the parish) is named after the old farm Vinje (Norse Vinjar), since the first church was built here. The name is the plural form of vin f 'meadow, pasture'.
Related pages
Vest-Telemark
Setesdal
Municipalities of Norway
Action Comics

Action Comics is an current comic book series. Superman first appeared in it. It is one of the longest comic series in America. It started in 1938.
Comic books
1938 establishments in the United States
HM Prison Wakefield

Her Majesty's Prison Wakefield is a Category A prison for men in Wakefield in England. Category A means that the prison is for the most dangerous criminals. It was built in 1594. It has about 740 prisoners. Harold Shipman was a prisoner there until he committed suicide in 2004. Ian Watkins was also a prisoner there.
References
1594 establishments
1590s establishments in England
Buildings and structures in West Yorkshire
Prisons in England
Manche

Manche is a department found in the west of France in the Normandy region. Its prefecture is Saint-Lo. Its population is about 486,000 (2006 estimation). It is one of the 83 first French departments made during the French revolution.
Manche
Nebulizer

A nebulizer is a small machine that creates a mist out of liquid medication, allowing for quicker and easier absorption of medication into the lungs. Typically, nebulizers come in both electric or battery-run versions, and are either portable or meant to sit on a table and plug into a wall.
It is also used for the patients with runny nose or nasal stroke. A nebulizer delivers liquid medication via pressurized air. While individuals with asthma typically use both nebulizers and inhalers, occasionally, a nebulizer may be easier to use -- especially when it comes to young children who may not have the proper technique for an inhaler.
A nebulizer is helpful for a variety of conditions, including:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Asthma
Bronchiectasis
Cystic fibrosis
Pulmonary fibrosis
Types of nebulizers
There are three main types of nebulizers:
Jet nebulizers make an aerosol out of medications using a compressed gas (like air). These are the most common type of nebulizers.
Ultrasonic nebulizers make an aerosol via high-frequency vibrations. These are more commonly used in hospitals and typically are not for personal use.
Mesh nebulizers use a mesh cap with tiny holes that help dispense medication in a very efficient way. These nebulizers are newer and often more effective than jet nebulizers.
References
Medical equipment
Drug delivery devices
Lachlan Mitchell

Lachlan Mitchell (born September 30, 1987 in Sydney) is an Australian rugby union player for the London Wasps in the Guinness Premiership. He plays as a centre.
Other websites
Guinness Premiership profile
1987 births
Living people
Australian rugby union players
Sportspeople from Sydney
Sudoku

(sometimes spelled as Su Doku, but also called Number Place or Nanpure) is a puzzle that is very popular in Japan. It was created in Indianapolis in 1979 by Howard Garns and it appeared in Dell Magazines afterwards.
Sudoku puzzles are solved by logic and no math is required. As seen on the right, it consists of a grid which is usually made up of nine rows, nine columns, and nine boxes that are separated by thicker, darker lines. Some of these boxes will contain numerals from 1 to 9. To solve the puzzle, a person must fill in all the empty squares without using the same numeral twice in each column, row, or box, and without changing the numerals that are already in the grid.
These puzzles were created to be done using pencil and paper, and there are many books that contain collections of these puzzles with tips and strategies for completing them. They also appear in newspapers and magazines: typically, a different puzzle appears every day and the solution is printed somewhere else or in the next issue. Later, small handheld machines were created that generate Sudoku puzzles for the user to solve. More recently, though, the game can be played on the Internet or on mobile apps.
Variations
There are many Sudoku variations that have been created since the original Sudoku's release. The grid is most often 9 by 9, but can be different sizes, though, and separated into smaller grids in different ways. For example, there is a 6 by 6 grid with dark lines between the third and fourth columns and between two pairs of rows: the second and third rows, and the fourth and fifth rows. The numerals that must be filled in here are from 1 to 6.
Because no arithmetic is needed to solve Sudoku puzzles, the numerals can be replaced with letters or symbols. It is only their position that changes the solution to the puzzle, not their value.
On educational websites, such as Math Playground there are Sudoku games, such as 3-d Sudoku.
Jigsaw Sudoku
Jigsaw Sudoku (also called Squiggly Sudoku, Odd Sudoku or JigSaw Doku) is just like a regular Sudoku puzzle, except that instead of the lines being perfect, they are different. Like regular Sudoku puzzles, you have to complete the grid.
Samurai Sudoku
Samurai Sudoku is a Sudoku variation that has 5 overlapping Sudoku grids formed like a big X. These puzzles are big and take a long time to complete. Like regular Sudoku puzzles, you have to complete all 5 grids in order to complete the puzzle.
Mini Sudoku
Mini Sudoku is played on a 6x6 grid with 3x2 regions. The object is the same as in Sudoku, but the puzzle only uses the numbers 1 through 6.
Logic 5
Logic 5 is another Sudoku variation that uses 5x5 grids instead of 3x3 grids, and are in use at the Sudoku World Championships.
References
Other websites
- An active listing of Sudoku links.
Father of Sudoku puzzles next move BBC
Internet Sudoku Generator
Sudoku - flash game
Computer Program to solve and generate Sudoku puzzles
Free Sudoku Generator
Sudoku-Coach Step-by-step help and training (Flash-player is required)
Sudoku - Simple Online sudoku Web Site
Eurosudoku - Free Sudoku Project
Online Sudoku
Puzzles
President of Turkmenistan

President of Turkmenistan (Turkmen:Turkmenistanyn prezidenti) is the head of state, head of government and the chief executive of Turkmenistan
Serdar Berdimuhamedow is the current President of Turkmenistan, only the third in the history of the country since it gained independence with the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
The President is also the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of Turkmenistan and the Chairman of the country's Cabinet of Ministers.
Term limits
The country passed reforms in 2016 eliminating term limits for the presidency and removing the age requirement of below 70, as well as extending the term from five to seven years.
Requirements for presidents and removal from office
Requirements for candidates for President of Turkmenistan include the following:
Must have been born in Turkmenistan
Must be fluent in the Turkmen language
Must be at least 40 years old
Must have resided in Turkmenistan for the past 15 consecutive years
Must be employed
List of presidents
References
Other websites
U.S. State Department profile of Turkmenistan
American Forces Network

The United States Armed Forces Radio and Television Service is called American Forces Network (AFN). AFN broadcasts radio and television to American soldiers, sailors, airmen, Department of Defense and other US government civilians and their families stationed outside of the U.S. and on U.S. Navy ships. AFN broadcasts popular American radio and television programs from U.S. networks. It is sometimes called the Armed Forces Network. AFRTS, American Forces Network and AFN are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Defense.
Other websites
American Forces Radio and Television Service
American Forces Network Europe
Books
Patrick Morley: 'This Is the American Forces Network': The Anglo-American Battle of the Air Waves in World War II. Praeger Publishing (2001).
Trent Christman: Brass Button Broadcasters: A Lighthearted Look at Fifty Years of Military Broadcasting. Turner Publishing (1992).
History of AFRTS: The first 50 years. U.S. Government Printing Office (1993).
References
Military of the United States
Peabody Award winners
Radio stations
1942 establishments in the United States
Megan Parkes

Megan Parkes (born 2 March 1993) is a South African water polo player. She competed for the South Africa women's national water polo team in the 2015 World Aquatics Championships.
References
Other websites
sa-ladies-water-polo-squad-named-2013
water-polo-reports-women-day-1
1993 births
Living people
South African water polo players
Mažeikiai

Mazeikiai (, Samogitian: Mazeike) is a city in northwest Lithuania on the Venta River. Around 43,547 people live there, and it is the eighth largest city in Lithuania.
Cities in Lithuania
200

Year 200 (CC) was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place
World
Human population reaches about 257 million.
Roman Empire
Emperor Septimius Severus visits Syria, Palestine and Arabia.
Palestine, benefiting from the kind policies of Severus, sees a big economic return.
The province of Numidia is taken from the African proconsul and made an Imperial province.
India
Rudrasena I, Saka ruler of the Western Satrap dynasty, becomes king of Malwa in ancient India.
Asia
Chinese warlord Cao Cao defeats Yuan Shao in the Battle of Guandu.
In Japan, Himiko, whose capital is in Yamatai, extends her authority over a number of clans.
Empress Jingu sends a Japanese fleet to invade Korea. The Koreans surrender at the sight of the huge multi-oared ships and offer tribute.
America
The Classic Age of Maya civilization begins (around this year).
The Paracas culture in the Andes comes to an end (around this year).
By topic
Art
Septimius Severus, Julia Domna and their children, Publius Septimius Geta and Caracalla, from Fayum, Egypt, is made. It is now kept at Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Antikensammlung.
Religion
Jewish Eretz Yisraeli scholar Judah ha-Nasi puts together tracts of the Mishnah. This begins the making of Talmudic law.
Clement of Alexandria says to not use musical instruments to support human voices in Christian music.
Brahmanism changes into Hinduism (approximate date).
Births
Fei Yi, an official of Shu (approximate date) (d. 253)
Ma Jun (d. 265)
Wang Ling, general of Wei (d. 250)
Sun Shao, general of Wu (d. 242)
Zhou Fang, general of Wu (d. 240)
Diophantus, Greek mathematician
Marcus Claudius Tacitus, Roman Emperor (d. 276)
Valerian I, Roman Emperor
Deaths
Chunyu Qiong (executed by Yuan Shao)
Dong Cheng (executed by Cao Cao)
Gan Ji, Taoist priest
Han Juzi, general under Yuan Shao
Ji Ping (executed by Cao Cao)
Ju Shou (officer of Yuan Shao)
Lu Weihuang
Mi Heng, renowned scholar and friend of Kong Rong (executed by Huang Zu) (b. 173)
Sui Yuanjin
Sun Ce, 25, elder brother of the founder of Wu Kingdom, Sun Quan (b. 175)
Tian Feng (executed by Yuan Shao)
Wen Chou, general under Yuan Shao
Xu Gong
Yan Liang, general under Yuan Shao
Zheng Xuan (b. 127)
References
Turanga Leela

Turanga Leela is an animated character made for the Matt Groening comedy science fiction series Futurama. She is voiced by Katey Sagal. She is Philip J. Fry's love interest.
Fictional biography
Leela was born a mutant in the late 30th century. She was raised in an orphanage. Since mutants don't live on the surface, she prefers to be referred to as an alien. As she grew up, she became a law enforcement officer thanks to a career chip. On December 31st, 2999, she met Philip J. Fry who woke up in a cryochamber from a thousand years ago. She gave him a career assignment to a delivery boy.
Animated television characters
Fictional characters introduced in 1999
Futurama characters
Virudhunagar district

Virudhunagar district is one of the 32 districts of Tamil Nadu in southern India. Virudhunagar is the district headquarters. Virudhunagar district was formed by the separation of Ramanathapuram District on 1987 into Ramanathapuram District, Sivagangai District and the west part as Virudhunagar District. Virudhunagar district was formerly called Karmavirar Kamarajar District. As of 2011, Virudhunagar district had a population of 1,942,288 with a sex-ratio of 1,007 females for every 1,000 males. up from 1,751,301 in 2001,
Virudhunagar district is one of the leading producer of match sticks, fireworks and printing in the country, mostly concentrated in and around Sivakasi. Sivakasi is called as Small Japan for being one of the largest fireworks producer in the world. Virudhunagar is also the main market for Sesame oil, chicory, coffee seeds, dry chillies and pulses.
References
Virudhunagar district
Lucas Bersamin

Lucas Purugganan Bersamin (born October 19, 1949) is a Filipino politician. He was the 25th Chief Justice of the Philippine Supreme Court, the highest court in the Philippines.
He was named by then President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo to the High Court as an Associate Justice on April 2, 2009. He was a member of the Court of Appeals.
References
1949 births
Chief Justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
Living people
Robert Foxworth

Robert Heath Foxworth (born November 1, 1941) is an American actor. He was born in Houston, Texas. His career began in 1969. Foxworth is best known for his roles on Falcon Crest, Six Feet Under and The Questor Tapes.
He was offered the role of J. R. Ewing in Dallas, but turned it down. He also voiced Ratchet in the Transformers movies.
Foxworth studied at Carnegie Mellon University. He was married to actress Elizabeth Montgomery 1993 until her death.
References
Other websites
1941 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Houston
Juan Querol

Juan Querol is a handball player from Cuba. Juan competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics. He was born on 21 August 1958.
References
Other websites
1958 births
Living people
Cuban handball players
Cuban Olympians
Andrew Fairlie

Andrew Fairlie (21 November 1963 - 22 January 2019) was a Scottish chef. He was born in Perth, Scotland. Fairlie was the head chef of the eponymous Restaurant Andrew Fairlie. in Auchterarder, Perthshire. Restaurant Andrew Fairlie is the only restaurant in Scotland with two Michelin stars, and one of only fifteen in the UK.
Fairlie died on 22 January 2019 from brain cancer in Auchterarder at the age of 55.
References
1963 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from brain cancer
British chefs
Scottish businesspeople
People from Perth, Scotland
Missouri Valley Football Conference

The Missouri Valley Football Conference (MVFC) is a group of 11 colleges and universities in the Midwestern United States who play football against one another. Each school plays the others every season, and the conference champion earns a place in the NCAA Division I Football Championship, the postseason tournament of the second-level Football Championship Subdivision (FCS).
The MVFC has a confusing history that is closely tied to that of two other existing conferences: the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) and the Association of Mid-Continent Universities (AMCU), now known as The Summit League. In the 1984 season, the last in which both of these conferences played football, all of the AMCU football schools were members of NCAA Division I-AA, now known as FCS. The MVC had schools that played in both DIvision I-A (today's Football Bowl Subdivision) and Division I-AA. The AMCU dropped football after the 1984 season, and the MVC announced it would do the same after the 1985 season. Beginning with the 1985 season, all of the remaining AMCU football teams, plus the MVC's I-AA teams, joined the Gateway Collegiate Athletic Conference (Gateway), which had sponsored only women's sports. Most of the schools in the Gateway were also MVC members. The MVC's I-AA football teams had membership in the MVC and Gateway in the 1985 season.
In 1992, the women's portion of the Gateway merged into the MVC. At that time, the Gateway became a football-only conference, changing its name to Gateway Football Conference. In 2008, the Gateway (which now had five MVC members) changed its name to the current Missouri Valley Football Conference. The MVFC and MVC are still legally separate, but operate out of the same offices in St. Louis.
Current members
Illinois State University
Indiana State University
Missouri State University
University of North Dakota
North Dakota State University
University of Northern Iowa
University of South Dakota
South Dakota State University
Southern Illinois University Carbondale (usually called "Southern Illinois")
Western Illinois University
Youngstown State University
Former members
Two schools that were in the MVFC during the Gateway era have moved to other conferences.
Eastern Illinois University - member from 1985-1995; left for the Ohio Valley Conference.
Western Kentucky University - member from 2001-2006; upgraded its football program to the top-level Division I FBS. It was already a non-football member of the Sun Belt Conference, and later played football in the Sun Belt as well. WKU has since moved to Conference USA.
References
Central Village, Connecticut

Central Village is a historic district in the Central Village area of Plainfield, Connecticut. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1991.
References
Settlements in Connecticut
Historic districts in the United States
National Register of Historic Places
Kingdom of Castile

The Kingdom of Castile was one of the medieval kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula. It began in the 9th century: it was called County of Castile and was a vassalage depending from the Kingdom of Leon. It was one of the kingdoms that existed before the Kingdom of Spain.
History
9th to 11th centuries: The beginnings
The first Count of Castile was Rodrigo in 850, under Ordono I of Asturias and Alfonso III of Asturias. In 931 the county was unified by count Fernan Gonzalez, who made his lands subject to a hereditary succession, independent of the kings of Leon.
11th and 12th centuries: Expansion and union to the Kingdom of Leon
In 1028 Sancho III the Great, of Navarre, married the sister of count Garcia Sanchez and inherited title to the County of Castile after his brother-in-law's death. In 1035 he left the county to his son Fernando. Fernando I was married to Sancha, sister of Bermudo III of Leon. Fernando I began a war with Leon and in the battle of Tamaron against a coalition of Castile and Navarre the king of Leon was killed, leaving no offspring. His brother-in-law Fernando took the crown of Leon for himself and their three sons took the kingdoms of Leon (Alfonso VI), Galicia (Garcia) and Castile, Sancho, becoming king and borning the Kingdom of Castile.
Notes
History of Spain
Former monarchies of Europe
Monfero

Monfero is a municipality found in the province of A Coruna in the autonomous community of Galicia in Spain.
Municipalities in Galicia
Mondamin, Iowa

Mondamin is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Swimming at the 1922 Women's Olympiad – 400 metre freestyle

The 400 m freestyle event at the 1922 Women's Olympiad was held from 20 to 22 April 1922. The venue of the competition was the Port Hercules, the harbour of Monte Carlo, Monaco.
There was nice summer weather, but the water of the Mediteranian Sea was not warm.
Results
Heats
The heats took place on 20 April 1922 September, on the first day of the swimming competitions. The heats of the 400 metres freestyle was the only swimming event held that first day. The fastest swimmer of each heat and the fast nummer two of the heats continued to the final.
There would initially be three heats. This was later adjusted to four heats. In the initial third heat, the Italian Togier and British Wehman (might be a typo with Neman) are named, but they were not mentioned in a Dutch results article. They may have withdrawn or didn't swim noteworthy in the heats.
The first heat was won by the 17-years old Swedisch champion Carin Nilsson. Her swimming style was described of very fast and beautiful. Her time of 7:11 was stated as a very good time. The second heat was a walk-over by the French champion Ernestine Lebrun of Tourcoing. In the third head, the Dutch Evelien of swimming club H. D. Z. won in an easy way of her French opponent. The fourth heat was a tough battle between the British V. Newman and the Belgian Elisa van den Bogaert. Van den Bogaert swam in breaststroke. She led the race but was caught in the last part of the reace, just before the finish.
Heat 1
Sources:
Final
Sources:
References
1922 in sports
Monaco
Women's sports
1922 in Europe
Swimming
Sharifuddin Pirzada

Syed Sharifuddin Pirzada () NI (12 June 1923 - 2 June 2017) was a noted Pakistani lawyer, served as a senior advocate at the Supreme Court of Pakistan.
Pirzada was a well known lawyer in Pakistan and internationally. He served as Attorney General of Pakistan from 1965 to 1966 and again from 1968 to 1971. He was the youngest person ever to be appointed to that post and the longest serving. From 1966 to 1968, he served as Foreign Minister of Pakistan.
Pirzada was a member of the United Nations Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities (1972-1979) and served as Chairman from 1977 to 1978.
Pirzada died on 2 June 2017 at a medical center in Karachi, aged 93.
References
Other websites
BBC Hardtalk interview of Syed Sharifuddin Pirzada
1923 births
2017 deaths
Politicians from Lahore
Pakistani lawyers
Building material

Building material is any material which is used for a construction purpose. Many naturally occurring substances, such as clay, sand, wood and rocks, even twigs and leaves have been used to construct buildings. Apart from naturally occurring materials, many man-made products are in use, some more and some less synthetic.
Bricks are man-made, and so is plaster, concrete, stucco and many other materials. However, they are usually still made out of natural materials, bricks being a good example. They are based on clay. Steel is based on natural types of iron.
One example of a man-made imitation is scagliola, which can imitate more expensive natural materials such as marble.
Building materials
Tim Hague

Timothy Edward "Tim" Lee Hague (May 9, 1983 - June 18, 2017) was a Canadian mixed martial artist. He competed in the heavyweight division, most recently for Absolute Championship Berkut. He became a professional fighter in 2006, and formerly competed for the Ultimate Fighting Championship, World Series of Fighting and King of the Cage, where he went 11-0 and was the King of the Cage Canada Heavyweight Champion. He was born in Boyle, Alberta.
On June 16, 2017, he suffered a brain hemorrhage after being knocked out in a boxing match against Adam Braidwood in Edmonton, Alberta. He died on June 18, 2017 at the age of 34.
References
1983 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
Deaths in sport
Sportspeople from Alberta
Rick MacLeish

Richard George "Rick" MacLeish (January 3, 1950 - May 30, 2016) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward.
He played 14 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Philadelphia Flyers, Hartford Whalers, Pittsburgh Penguins, and Detroit Red Wings. He played 12 seasons in Philadelphia, winning two Stanley Cups with the Flyers in 1974 and 1975.
On May 11, 2016, MacLeish was hospitalized for meningitis. He died at a hospital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from kidney and liver failure as a result of meningitis on May 30, 2016, aged 66.
References
1950 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from renal failure
Deaths from liver failure
Deaths from meningitis
Disease-related deaths in Pennsylvania
Philadelphia Flyers players
Hartford Whalers players
Pittsburgh Penguins players
Detroit Red Wings players
Sportspeople from Ontario
American Hockey League players
Ontario Hockey League players
Central Professional Hockey League players
Ice hockey centres
Klaus Kinkel

Klaus Kinkel (17 December 1936 - 4 March 2019) was a German civil servant, lawyer, and politician. He was a member of the Free Democratic Party (FDP).
He served as Federal Minister of Justice (1991-1992), Foreign Minister (1992-1998) and Vice Chancellor of Germany (1993-1998) in the government of Helmut Kohl.
He was also chairman of the liberal Free Democratic Party from 1993 to 1995. He was President of the Federal Intelligence Service (1979-1982).
Kinkel was born in Metzingen, Baden-Wurttemberg. He died on 4 March 2019 in Sankt Augustin, North Rhine-Westphalia, aged 82.
References
Other websites
1936 births
2019 deaths
Directors of German intelligence agencies
German lawyers
Government ministers of Germany
Politicians from Baden-Wurttemberg
Politicians of the Free Democratic Party of Germany
Vice Chancellors of Germany
George Wuerch

George Poe Wuerch (born 1936) is an American politician. He is a member of the Republican Party. He served as mayor of Anchorage, Alaska from 2000 to 2003.
In the 2003 mayoral election, he lost reelection to former city assemblyman Mark Begich.
References
1936 births
Living people
Mayors of Anchorage, Alaska
People from Tacoma, Washington
Politicians from Washington (state)
Republican Party (United States) politicians