pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Grevenmacher

Grevenmacher () is a commune with city status in eastern Luxembourg, near the border with Germany.
Grevenmacher is the capital city of the Grevenmacher canton and of the district of Grevenmacher. The city is on the left bank of the Moselle river.
Name
The name Grevenmacher is formed by two words: "Greven" and "Macher". "Macher" comes from the Latin word maceria ("very old walls"); "Greven" comes from the old German word Grafen (modern German: Graf) that means "count, earl". The town "Macher of the Count" was, since 1346, different from other "Machern" found in the region: Konigsmacher, Kleinmacher, Rodemacher, Mecher, Mezieres etc. The present name of Grevenmacher has been in use since 1769.
History
The valley of the Moselle, which owes its wealth to the fact that it is close to the water and it has fertile land, was settled long before the Roman era. As for Grevenmacher, the first town was behind the Holy Cross Chapel at the place called "Buerggruef", not far from the Roman road to the city of Luxembourg.
A few centuries later, the Counts of Luxembourg chose a safe place to protect their land against the powerful archbishops of Trier. They found it in Grevenmacher, that was the place where the road going from the city of Luxembourg to Trier meet with the one going from Trier to Thionville. Here a strong fortress was built, probably on the orders of Count Henry V. In 1252, this same count made Grevenmacher a city.
Geography
The commune of Grevenmacher, which is in the eastern part of the canton on the left bank of the Moselle river, has an area of , with of forests and of vineyards.
The altitude of the commune is high. At the church, the altitude is high.
The most important river is the Moselle (; German: Mosel; ).
Population
There were 4,923 persons living in the commune in 2017, for a population density of inhabitants/km2.
Evolution of the population in Grevenmacher
Sights
Famous sights in Grevenmacher are, for example:
"Huelen Zant", remains from an old castle;
Chapel "Saint-Croix" (this is French and means "holy cross");
The "Kelsbach", a beautiful piece of nature;
The "Jardin des papillons" (this is French again and means "garden of butterflies"), a building which contains a lot of butterflies and other insects;
The "Kulturhuef" which is a museum and a cinema.
Sport
The city has three soccer places, two in "Op Floor" (there is also the stadium from the CSG, the soccer club from Grevenmacher) and one on the bank from the Mousel. The city has also six tennis fields, three in a hall and the other three on the bank of the Mousel. Next to the tennis fields is an outdoor swimming pool. Grevenmacher has also two sports halls.
Twinned and partner towns
Grevenmacher is twinned with:
Aubiere, France
Gallery
Related pages
Cantons of Luxembourg
Communes of Luxembourg
List of cities in Luxembourg
References
Other websites
Official website
Communes of Luxembourg
List of cities in Kazakhstan

This is a list of cities with more than 50,000 people in Kazakhstan. The names of many places have been changed during the last century, sometimes more than once. Wherever possible, the old names have been included and linked to the new ones.
Kazakhstan, List of cities in
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Cities and towns in Kazakhstan
30 Minut

"30 Minut" () is a song by t.A.T.u. It was first released on 200 Po Vstrechnoi, and released as single in September 2001. It has an English counterpart named "30 Minutes".
Music video
The music video starts out with Yulia Volkova in a stall at the fair, while many other girls start talking. They leave, and Yulia comes out, washes her hands, and sighs. She then goes back into the stall. We then see Lena Katina laughing and then a kid walking by with his parents. We then see why Lena is laughing: she is with a man. Yulia is building a time bomb in the stall, while the man puts his hands down her pants, squeezing her butt and her pulling down her pants. Yulia comes out to see Lena putting her unexposed breasts on the man's chest, and then putting her shirt down. Yulia then waits for the bomb to go off, and then we see the bomb explode, and we see bits of the carousel flying into the camera. At the end, bits of the carousel fall to the ground burnt. A censored version of the video was made without the part with Lena's exposed breast. Also, there's less time at the end of the explosion.
2003 songs
Makoto Atsuta

Makoto Atsuta (born 16 September 1976) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1998||Kokushikan University||Football League||21||11||2||0||colspan="2"|-||23||11
|-
|1999||rowspan="5"|Kyoto Purple Sanga||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||14||1||0||0||2||1||16||2
|-
|2000||18||5||0||0||6||0||24||5
|-
|2001||J. League 2||37||3||4||0||1||0||42||3
|-
|2002||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||18||0||5||0||1||0||24||0
|-
|2003||4||0||0||0||1||0||5||0
|-
|2003||Albirex Niigata||J. League 2||1||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||3||0
|-
|2004||Kyoto Purple Sanga||J. League 2||34||5||2||1||colspan="2"|-||36||6
147||25||15||1||11||1||173||27
147||25||15||1||11||1||173||27
|}
References
1976 births
Living people
Footballers from Tokyo Prefecture
Margareta Hallin

Gunhild Margareta Hallin Ekerot (20 February 1931 - 9 February 2020) was a Swedish opera singer, composer and actress. Hallin was appointed Hovsangerska (Royal Court singer) along with Erik Saeden, in 1966, and was awarded the Jussi Bjorling Scholarship in 1970.
She was elected as member of the Swedish Society of Composers in 1990. In 2006, she received the Gunn Wallgren Award. Hallin was born in Karlskoga, Sweden.
Hallin died on 9 February 2020 in Stockholm at the age of 88.
Roles
Plays
1997-Shylock, The Merchant of Venice, Saffleoperan
2007-Mumien, Overstens hustru in Strindberg's The Ghost Sonata, Strindbergs Intima Teater
2011-Sjukskoterskan in Strindberg's Taklagsol ("Topping out Ceremony"), Strindbergs Intima Teater
Movies
1998-Fran regnormarnas liv, the elderly
1990-Kronbruden earth mother
References
Other websites
1931 births
2020 deaths
Swedish movie actors
Swedish composers
Swedish singers
Stock exchange

A stock exchange, share market or bourse is a place where people meet to buy and sell shares of company stock. Some stock exchanges are real places (like the New York Stock Exchange), others are virtual places (like the NASDAQ).
International Stock Exchanges
The most important stock exchanges in the world include:
American Stock Exchange
Baku Stock Exchange
Bombay Stock Exchange
Euronext
Frankfurt Stock Exchange
Helsinki Stock Exchange
Hong Kong Stock Exchange
Johannesburg Securities Exchange
London Stock Exchange
Luxembourg Stock Exchange
Madrid Stock Exchange
Milan Stock Exchange
Nairobi Stock Exchange
NASDAQ
National Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
National Stock Exchange of Pakistan
Sao Paulo Stock Exchange
Korea Stock Exchange
Shanghai Stock Exchange
Singapore Exchange
Stockholm Stock Exchange
Taiwan Stock Exchange
Tokyo Stock Exchange
Toronto Stock Exchange
Zurich Stock Exchange
Great depression
On October 29, 1929, the American stock market crashed on what is known as Black Tuesday. A "crash" means that the prices of stock were lowered greatly, and no one wanted to buy it. Instead, they sold the stock for cheap prices. Also, banks were trying to buy stock with people's money (stored inside the bank), so the banks ran out of money too. Because people could not get money back from banks, only a few people could afford the cost of living. This was the start of the Great Depression.
Other Articles
Stockbroker
Indian Stock market - Types of Mutual Funds (By Structure)
Royal Capital BD - Top retail stock brokerage firm in Bangladesh
History of the Indian Share Market
Carroll County, Missouri

Carroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 8,495. Its county seat is Carrollton.
References
1833 establishments in Missouri
Missouri counties
Coppo di Marcovaldo

Coppo di Marcovaldo (c. 1225 - c. 1276) was an artist who was born in Florence and worked in that part of Italy in the Late Medieval period. He painted large icons of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Christ Child, in the Byzantine style. His most famous work is the mosaic of the Last Judgement in the Baptistery of Florence. He also worked in the towns of Pistoia and Siena. There are only two paintings that are known to be by Coppo. One is in the Church of the Servants of Mary in Siena and the other is in the Church of the Servants of Mary in Orvieto. Another painting thought to be by Coppo di Marcovaldo can be seen in the Civic Museum in San Gimignano.
Related pages
List of Renaissance artists
List of Italian painters
Cimabue
Duccio
Pietro Cavallini
Giotto
Nicola Pisano
Sources
Diana Davies (editor), Harrap's Illustrated Dictionary of Art and Artists, (1990),
References
1220s births
1270s deaths
13th-century Italian painters
People from Florence
Prince Edward, Duke of Kent

Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, (born Edward George Nicholas Paul Patrick; 9 October 1935) is a member of the British royal family and first cousin to Queen Elizabeth II.
Prince Edward was born in No.3 Belgrave Square, London. He was the eldest son of Prince George and Princess Mariana of Greece and Denmark.
He is a first cousin of Queen Elizabeth II through their fathers, Prince George, Duke of Kent, and King George VI. He has held the title of Duke of Kent since the death of his father in the airplane crash on 25 August 1942.
Since his mother, Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark, was a cousin of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Edward is both a second cousin and first cousin once removed to Prince Charles and his siblings.
Prince Edward is married to Katharine Worsley. They have three children: George Windsor, Earl of St Andrews; Lady Helen Taylor and Lord Nicholas Windsor.
9 October 1935-25 August 1942: His Royal Highness Prince Edward George Nicholas Paul Patrick of Kent
25 August 1942: His Royal Highness The Duke of Kent
In Scotland: His Royal Highness The Earl of St Andrews
In Northern Ireland: Baron Downpatrick
Notes
References
Other websites
The Duke of Kent at the Royal Family website
The United Grand Lodge of England - HRH The Duke of Kent, KG, GCMG, GCVO, ADC (Grand Master)
Time Article on Birth of Prince Edward
1935 births
Living people
House of Windsor
British princes
Lanvéoc

Lanveoc () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistere department in the northwest of France. The military school Ecole navale is here.
Communes in Finistere
Ananth Kumar

Ananth Kumar (22 July 1959 - 12 November 2018) was an Indian politician. He was a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. From 1996 until his death, he had represented the Bengaluru South constituency in the Lok Sabha. He was born in Bengaluru, Mysore State (now Karnataka).
Kumar was in charge of two key ministries until his death: Union Minister of Chemicals and Fertilizers beginning in May 2014 and as Minister of Parliamentary Affairs beginning in July 2016 in the Narendra Modi government.
Kumar died of lung cancer on 12 November 2018 in Bengaluru at the age of 59.
References
1959 births
2018 deaths
Politicians from Karnataka
Mario Savio

Mario Savio (December 8, 1942 - November 6, 1996) was an American activist. He was an important activist during the Berkeley Free Speech Movement. He is most famous for his speeches given at Sproul Hall, University of California, Berkeley during the 1960s counterculture movement.
References
1942 births
1996 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
American civil rights activists
American political activists
People from New York City
People from Berkeley, California
Vel' d'Hiv Roundup

The Vel' d'Hiv' Roundup was a mass arrest of foreign Jewish families by French police and gendarmes under the orders of German authorities. It took place in Paris on 16 and 17 July 1942. 13,152 Jews were arrested, including more than 4,000 children.
In the week following the arrests, the Jews were taken to the Drancy, Pithiviers, and Beaune-la-Rolande internment camps, before being shipped to Auschwitz for their mass murder.
References
The Holocaust
Jahanara Alam

Jahanara Alam (born: 1 April 1993) is a Bangladeshi cricketer who plays for the Bangladesh national women's cricket team. She is a right-arm medium fast bowler and right-handed batswoman.
References
Other websites
1993 births
Living people
Bangladeshi cricketers
Bangladeshi Muslims
Saint-Marceau, Sarthe

Saint-Marceau is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.
Communes in Sarthe
2018 UEFA Champions League Final

The 2018 UEFA Champions League Final was the last game of the 2017-18 UEFA Champions League, Europe's top club football tournament run by UEFA. It was played at the NSC Olimpiyskiy Stadium in Kiev, Ukraine on 26 May 2018. The game was between reigning champions Real Madrid, and five-time winners Liverpool. Madrid opened the scoring in the second half with a goal from Karim Benzema, but Liverpool quickly equalised through Sadio Mane. Gareth Bale then scored two goals for Real Madrid to win the game, which finished 3-1.
Road to the final
Note: In all results below, the score of the finalist is given first (H: home; A: away).
Match
Details
The "home" team (for business reasons) was decided by an extra draw held after the semi-final draw. It was held on 13 April 2018, at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland.
Match Records
Related pages
2018 UEFA Europa League Final
2018 UEFA Super Cup
References
2018 in association football
UEFA Champions League
Les Loges, Seine-Maritime

Les Loges is a commune. It is in Normandy in the Seine-Maritime department in north France.
Communes in Seine-Maritime
Hartford Courant

The Hartford Courant is the largest newspaper in the U.S. state of Connecticut. This newspaper is often considered the oldest continuously-published newspaper in the United States. Its headquarters are in Hartford, though it also serves other places in the area. This newspaper was established in 1764.
Newspapers in the United States
Courant
1764 establishments in the Thirteen Colonies
18th-century establishments in Connecticut
IOS 6

iOS 6 is the sixth major version of Apple's mobile operating system, iOS. It was released on September 19, 2012. The newest version of iOS 6 is iOS 6.1.6.
Until now, it is still running on about 11% of devices (the percentage including devices that are not supported) besides iOS 7's 87% (including non-supported devices) and the last 2% (including non-supported devices) are for older iOS versions. The oldest iPhone that can run iOS 6 is the iPhone 3GS, which features a Samsung CPU and 256MB of memory.
History
iOS 6 was shown during Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) 2012 on June 11, 2012. This software dropped support for older devices such as the third generation iPod Touch and the first generation iPad following the cycle of past iOS versions. It is supported on the iPhone 3GS and later, the fourth generation iPod Touch and later, the iPad 2 and later, and the iPad Mini.
On September 12, 2012, at San Francisco's Yerba Buena Center for the Arts, the iPhone 5, the fifth generation iPod Touch, and the final release of iOS 6.0 were revealed at the event. It was announced that iOS 6 would be released on September 19, 2012.
The iPhone 5 had iOS 6 already installed, but other devices will need to get it installed as an over-the-air update or through iTunes. An iTunes update, version 10.7, was released on September 12, 2012, and it was needed in order to install iOS 6 on a device.
Features
Unlike past iOS versions, two apps that were removed as part of iOS 6 were Google Maps and YouTube. These apps can be downloaded for free in the App Store.
The all-new Maps application uses a different engine that helps to get rid of lag and make for smoother zooming. It also adds turn-by-turn directions and 3D views in some cites.
Problems
In iOS 6, Apple used its own Apple Maps app instead of Google Maps. This caused many poor reviews for problems with Apple Maps. Some of the problems were information that was not complete, maps that were wrong, no support for transit maps, and low-quality satellite pictures.
The iOS 6.1 update released on January 28, 2013 had reports of reduced battery life and problems with signal strength.
References
6
Boys Don't Cry (movie)

Boys Don't Cry is a 1999 American drama movie. The stars of the movie are Hilary Swank and Chloe Sevigny. This movie is about Brandon Teena (1972-1993), a female-to-male transsexual in Nebraska who was raped and murdered.
Other websites
1990s biographical movies
1999 LGBT movies
1999 romantic drama movies
20th Century Fox movies
Academy Award winning movies
American biographical movies
American LGBT movies
American romantic drama movies
1990s English-language movies
Golden Globe Award winning movies
LGBT drama movies
LGBT romance movies
Movies based on real life events
Movies set in Nebraska
Murder in movies
Rape in movies
Transgender in movies
American independent movies
2 Become 1

"2 Become 1" is a pop ballad by the girl group Spice Girls. The song lyrics talk about the bonding of two lovers. They also talk about the importance of contraception. This song was released in December 1996 in the United Kingdom. It became their third consecutive chart-topper there.
In the United States, the song was released in July 1997. "2 Become 1" peaked at #4 on Billboard Hot 100.
1996 songs
Songs about sexuality
Spice Girls songs
Adnan Pachachi

Adnan al-Pachachi or Adnan Muzahim Ameen al-Pachachi () (May 14, 1923 - November 17, 2019) was an Iraqi politician and diplomat. Pachachi was Iraq's Permanent Representative to the United Nations from 1959 to 1965 and Foreign Minister of Iraq from 1965 to 1967 during the Six-Day War with Israel.
Pachachi died in Abu Dhabi on November 17, 2019 at the age of 96.
References
Other websites
PACHACHI, Adnan International Who's Who. accessed September 1, 2006.
1923 births
2019 deaths
Asian diplomats
Government ministers
Prime Ministers of Iraq
People from Baghdad
Palestrina

Palestrina is an Italian city in Lazio. About 22,000 people live there.
Cities in Lazio
Franco Modigliani

Franco Modigliani (18 June 1918 - 25 September 2003) was an Italian-American economist. He won the 1985 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. He was a professor at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Carnegie Mellon University, and MIT Sloan School of Management.
References
1918 births
2003 deaths
Italian economists
American economists
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Rome
Self-cannibalism

Self-cannibalism is the act of eating oneself. It is also called autosarcophagy or autocannibalism.
References
Cannibalism
Epsilon Ursae Majoris

Epsilon Ursae Majoris or Alioth is a white star in the Ursa Major constellation.
Related pages
List of brightest stars
References
Stars
Jiao Ruoyu

Jiao Ruoyu (; 7 November 1915-1 January 2020) was a retired Chinese politician and diplomat. He served as a deputy mayor of Shenyang under Huang Oudong. He was a Chinese Ambassador to North Korea (1965-1970), Peru (1972-1977) and Iran (1977-1979). Jiao was also the mayor of Beijing from 1981 to 1983.
Jiao was born in Ye County, Henan. He turned 100 in November 2015.
References
1915 births
Ambassadors of China
Chinese centenarians
Chinese communist politicians
Chinese mayors
2020 deaths
People from Henan
Phyllomedusa burmeisteri

{{Speciesbox
| image =Phyllomedusa burmeisteri01b.jpg
| status = LC
| status_ref =
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| taxon = Phyllomedusa burmeisteri
| authority = (Boulenger, 1882)
| range_map =
|synonyms=*Phyllomedusa burmeisteri' (Boulenger, 1882)Pithecopus burmeisteri (Cope, 1866)Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis burmeisteri (Mertens, 1926)Pithecopus (Pithecopus) burmeisteri (Lutz, 1950)Pithecopus burmeisteri burmeisteri (Lutz, 1966)
| synonyms_ref=
}}
Burmeister's frog or the common walking leaf frog (Phyllomedusa burmeisteri'') is a frog that lives in eastern Brazil.
References
Frogs of South America
DXEX-DTV

DXEX-DTV, Channel 20, is a commercial television station of Philippine television network A2Z. It is owned by ZOE Broadcasting Network and operated under blocktime agreement by ABS-CBN Corporation. Its transmitter and master control are located at Davao City.
Upcoming programs
Balitang A2Z Davao Region
Ulat A2Z Davao Region
Digital television
Digital channels
UHF Channel 20 (509.143 MHz)
Areas of coverage
Primary areas
Davao City
Davao del Sur
Davao del Norte
Secondary areas
Portion of Davao de Oro
Portion of Davao Oriental
Related pages
ZOE Broadcasting Network
Light TV
A2Z
References
2022 establishments in the Philippines
Filipino television stations
Catherine Tizard

Dame Catherine Anne Tizard (nee Maclean; 4 April 1931 - 31 October 2021) was a New Zealand politician. She served as the Mayor of Auckland City and the 16th Governor-General of New Zealand. She the first woman to hold either office.
Tizard died on 31 October 2021 in Auckland from a long-illness at the age of 90.
References
Other websites
Government House: Official biography
1931 births
2021 deaths
Governors General of New Zealand
Politicians from Auckland
Katie Boyle

Katie Boyle, Lady Saunders (born Caterina Irene Elena Maria Imperiali di Francavilla; 29 May 1926 - 20 March 2018) was an Italian-born British actress, television personality, and game-show panelist. She was well known for appearing on TV panel games such as What's My Line? and for presenting the Eurovision Song Contest four times in the 1960s and 1970s.
Boyle died on 20 March 2018 at her Manchester home at the age of 91.
References
Other websites
Katie Boyle's appearance on This Is Your Life
1926 births
2018 deaths
British television presenters
British movie actors
British television personalities
Italian movie actors
People from Florence
Trenton, Utah

Trenton is a town in Cache County, Utah, United States.
Towns in Utah
Antônio Agostinho Marochi

Antonio Agostinho Marochi (28 August 1925 - 28 January 2018) was a Roman Catholic bishop. He was born in Londrina, Brazil.
Marochi was ordained to the priesthood in 1953. He served as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Londrina, Brazil from 1973 to 1976. He then served as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Presidente Prudente, Brazil from 1976 to 2002.
Marochi died of respiratory failure in Londrina on 28 January 2018 at the age of 92.
References
1925 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
Brazilian Roman Catholic bishops
Harry Fielding Reid

Harry Fielding Reid (May 18, 1859 - June 18, 1944) was an American geophysicist. He was known for his works to seismology, mostly in his theory of elastic rebound that was about faults to earthquakes.
References
1859 births
1944 deaths
American physicists
Scientists from Baltimore
Ranked list of Spanish autonomous communities by population

This is a ranked list by population, as for 1 January 2012, for Spain's autonomous communities, as well as for the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla.
Related pages
Ranked list of Spanish autonomous communities by area
Reference
Autonomous communities of Spain
autonomous communities
Spain-related lists
Tinmouth, Vermont

Tinmouth is a town in Rutland County, Vermont, United States.
Towns in Vermont
Happurg

Happurg is a municipality in Nurnberger Land in Bavaria in Germany. During World War II, a subcamp of Flossenburg concentration camp was placed here.
Geography
Neighboring municipalities
Neighboring municipalities and communities (to the north going clockwise) are: Pommelsbrunn, Alfeld, Lauterhofen, Offenhausen, Engelthal, and Hersbruck.
Geographic location
The municipality is in the eastern part of the Franconian Jura
References
Nurnberger Land
Academy of Urbanism

The Academy of Urbanism is a non-profit academic research organization dedicated to urban planning and urban development. The institute is located in London. It has branches in Europe and other places in the world. The Academy employs 500 professionals engaged in various subjects related to the field of urban planning and the chief of the Mossad motto is: "to recognize, encourage, and celebrate great places".
National workshops, lectures, an internet site and spend magazine. In addition, the Academy maintains Festival prizes and conducting congresses in the UK each year and operates a voluntary activity.
Other websites
The Academy of Urbanism
Urban planning organizations
Research organisations in the United Kingdom
Non-profit organisations of the United Kingdom
Organisations based in London
Tourism

Tourism means people traveling for fun and adventure . It includes activities such as sightseeing and camping. People who travel for fun are called "tourists". Places where many tourists stay are sometimes called "resorts". Places that people go to for tourism are called tourist destinations.
There are many reasons why people travel for fun:
Some people travel to learn about the history or culture of a city or country, or about the people who live there, or their ancestors.
People from cold places sometimes like to relax in the sun. Many people from northern Europe or North America travel to warmer places and visit beaches.
Some people travel to do an activity which they cannot do at home. There are many ski resorts in the Alps of Switzerland and Austria, and seaside resorts in Greece and other warm countries.
People sometimes visit friends and family in another city or country.
Finally, some people enjoy a change in scenery. City people go to forests or deserts, and vice versa.
The tourism industry
The tourism industry has different parts. Some of these are:
Transport; such as airlines, railways, boats, and road transport.
Places to stay; such as hotels, camping grounds or parks, youth hostels, and bed and breakfasts.
Food and drink; such as restaurants, cafes and bars.
Tour guides know a place well, guide tourists to interesting places, and tell them about the place.
Package tour operators can offer all these services to a group who will go together. This can be cheaper than paying for them separately.
Damage tourism can bring
Tourism can bring damage to the local area, and/or the tourists. Litter, scuba-diving and deforestation are problems for popular places such as St. Lucia, Hawaii and others. Scuba-diving can damage coral reefs which are home to hundreds of species of sea animals. Tourism can change culture when people learn each other's ways, and certain local traditions are being put aside for tourists.
Related pages
Tourist attraction
Other websites
Wikivoyage has tourism information for the whole world.
Tourism Abbreviations, smartdefine.org
Wyaconda, Missouri

Wyaconda is a city in Clark County, Missouri, United States.
Cities in Missouri
Duckboards

Duckboards are wooden walkways. They are usually put over muddy ground. Doing this means that people can walk on the dry duckboards instead of the muddy ground.
Hiking
Duckboards are used to allow hikers to walk over wet and/or muddy ground, like a swamp or shores of a lake. Very wide duckboards are used sometimes so that wheelchair users can use them. Duckboards can be nailed into logs with wooden stakes.
World War I
During World War I, duckboards were put along the ground of trenches on the Western Front. This is because the trenches usually flooded. Mud and water would stay in the trenches for months. The boards helped to keep the soldiers' feet dry. It also helped stop soldiers get a disease called trench foot. Trench foot is caused by standing on wet, muddy ground for a long time. They also helped soldiers move along the trenches faster. Sometimes, falling from duckboards could be deadly. Some unlucky soldiers drowned in mud because of their heavy equipment.
Other websites
World War I
West Richland, Washington

West Richland is a city in Benton County, Washington, United States.
Notes
Cities in Washington (state)
Benton County, Washington
Pan-Africanism

Pan-Africanism is a political movement about improving the position of Africa, and people with ancestors from Africa in the world. In essence, Pan-Africanism is the belief that people of African descent have common interests and should be unified. Pan-Africanists believe the slave trade and colonialism have hurt African nations and people, and the solution that they see is for Africans to unite politically.
References
4. South African History Online. Retrieved 2021-12-22
Related pages
African Union
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-9

MiG-9 Fargo is a Soviet fighter aircraft. It first entered into the Soviet Air Force in 1946.
Soviet military aircraft
Betty Kaunda

Betty Kaunda, born Beatrice Kaweche Banda (17 November 1928 - 18 September 2012)
was the wife of Kenneth Kaunda the first president of Zambia, and the 1st First Lady of Zambia from 1964 to 1991. She was locally called Mother of Zambia. As the First Lady, she was part of many diplomatic visits and matron of many organizations.
As a politician, she led a very simple life even after becoming the First Lady and never gave in to the luxuries of the position.
Betty was considered the national mother by Zambian citizens. Betty suffered from diabetes for many years. She died in the early hours of 19 September in Harare while visiting her daughter. Her burial was planned initially was Lubwa Mission, but was moved to the capital Lusaka on account of waning health of Dr. Kaunda.
References
1928 births
2012 deaths
First Ladies of Zambia
Ryukyuan people

The Ryukyuan people (Liu Qiu Min Zu , Okinawan: Ruuchuu minzuku; Japanese: Ryuukyuu minzoku) are the natives of the Ryukyu Islands, a collection of islands located in Japan.
History
The Ryukyuans descend from the Jomon and Yayoi peoples.
By the 14th century, numerous chiefs ruled the Ryukyu Islands. In Okinawa, a new chief named Tamagusuku was unpopular among local lords, causing the island to be split into three kingdoms (Chuzan, Nanzan and Hokuzan). By the 15th century, the island was re-united, causing the Ryukyu Kingdom to be born. In the following centuries, the Ryukyu Kingdom would expand its rule over the Amami, Miyako and Yaeyama islands. They would also become a vassal state of China.
In 1609, the Japanese domain of Satsuma took over the Ryukyu Kingdom. The Amami Islands were then ruled by Satsuma, whereas the rest of the Ryukyu Kingdom was turned into a vassal.
In 1872, the Ryukyu Kingdom became the Ryukyu Domain. In 1879, the Japanese Empire took control of the country.
After Japanese annexation happened, the local cultures and languages of Ryukyu were suppressed. Children who spoke the native Ryukyuan languages at school were punished with dialect cards.
During the Battle of Okinawa (World War II), between 40,000 and 150,000 Okinawans were killed. After World War II ended, the Ryukyu Islands were placed under American administration. The Amami Islands were returned to Japan in 1953, whereas the ofher island groups were returned in 1972.
Culture
Identity
Many Ryukyuans (especially the diaspora communities in Hawaii and Brazil) consider themselves to be different from the Japanese, who mainly inhabit the mainland (Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku and Hokkaido).
On the other hand, a lot of other Ryukyuans identify as "Japanese", which is the result of assimilation that dates back to the Meiji Era.
Language
Historically, the Ryukyuans spoke the Ryukyuan languages. Because Japan suppressed them in the past, they are all endangered, with most speakers being elderly. A Japanese speaker wouldn't be able to understand any of the six Ryukyuan languages without any knowledge out of it. Despite this, the Japanese government calls the Ryukyuan languages "Japanese dialects" for political reasons. Most linguists on the other hand refer to the Ryukyuan languages as separate languages.
Religion
The native religion of the Ryukyuans is the Ryukyuan religion, an animistic faith that believes in ancestor worship. Other religions practiced in Ryukyu include Shintoism, Buddhism and Christianity.
Related pages
Ryukyu Islands
Ryukyuan languages
References
Melissa Jennison

Melissa Jennison is an archer from Australia. Jennison competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics and 2004 Summer Olympics. She was born on 7 May 1982.
References
Other websites
1982 births
Living people
Australian archers
Australian Olympians
Marc Janko

Marc Janko (born 25 June 1983 in Vienna) is an Austrian football striker. He plays for Twente Enschede in the Dutch Eredivisie. He is the son of Eva Janko who won a medal in the 1968 Summer Olympics.
Club career
He started in the youth ranks of Admira Wacker Modling and became a professional player in 2002 for this club. In 2005 he went to F.C. Red Bull Salzburg. For Salzburg he scored 75 goals in 108 matches. The 2007/08 season was bad because he was injured most of the time. His most successful season was 2008/09 when he scored 39 goals in the league (and 9 assists). This was the club record. The old record was Oliver Bierhoff's. Janko reached it after half the season of the season (25 goals). In the match against SC Altachhe he scored all 4 goals in the 4:3 victory, when he came on in the second half. Only Hans Krankl scored more goals in a single season (41). Although many clubs were interested, he signed again with Red Bull Salzburg. 2010 he went to FC Twente in the Dutch Eredivisie where he scored 14 goals in 29 matches in his first year with the club.
International career
He plays for the Austrian national football team. In 20 matches he scored 7 goals. His first match was in 2006 against Croatia.
Honours
Club
Red Bull Salzburg
Austrian Football Bundesliga: 2006-07, 2008-09, 2009-10
FC Twente Runner up Eredivisie: 2011KNVB Cup: 2011
Johan Cruijff Schaal: 2011
IndividualAustrian Football Bundesliga Topscorer: 2008-09 (39 goals)
Footballer of the year: 2008
VdF-Fussballer des Jahres (Bruno):''' 2009
Other websites
Official website - Marc Janko
Player profile - Red Bulls Salzburg
Players profile-FC Twente
1983 births
Living people
Austrian footballers
Players of the Austrian national football team
FC Red Bull Salzburg players
Austrian football forwards
Austrian Football Bundesliga top scorers
Nobuhito Toriizuka

Nobuhito Toriizuka (born 7 August 1972) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1995||Cosmo Oil||Football League||29||4||0||0||colspan="2"|-||29||4
|-
|1996||Cosmo Oil Yokkaichi||Football League||28||2||4||0||colspan="2"|-||32||2
|-
|1997||rowspan="2"|Consadole Sapporo||Football League||18||2||2||0||6||1||26||3
|-
|1998||J. League 1||10||0||0||0||2||0||12||0
|-
|1999||rowspan="4"|Tonan||rowspan="2"|Prefectural Leagues||||||||||||||||
|-
|2000||||||||||||||||
|-
|2001||rowspan="2"|Regional Leagues||17||4||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||17||4
|-
|2002||9||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||9||0
|-
|2003||rowspan="6"|Thespa Kusatsu||Regional Leagues||14||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||15||1
|-
|2004||Football League||28||2||4||0||colspan="2"|-||32||2
|-
|2005||rowspan="4"|J. League 2||35||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||36||0
|-
|2006||42||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||44||0
|-
|2007||48||4||2||0||colspan="2"|-||50||4
|-
|2008||34||3||0||0||colspan="2"|-||34||3
312||22||16||0||8||1||336||23
312||22||16||0||8||1||336||23
|}
1972 births
Living people
Footballers from Gunma Prefecture
Bob the Builder

Bob the Builder is a British television programme for children. It is broadcasted on the BBC and around the world. It was first broadcast on April 12, 1999. It is developed by Hit Entertainment for BBC Television.
The show is about the life of a builder named Bob, and his talking vehicles and machines who help him fix things. Bob has a partner named Wendy and a cat named Pilchard. The slogan of the show is "Can we fix it? Yes we can!".
There are albums of songs from Bob the Builder. Out of these songs, there are 2 number 1 hits, "Can We Fix It?" and "Mambo No. 5". There is also the number 81 hit "Big Fish Little Fish". There is also merchandise which is based on the show.
In 2015, a reboot series aired on Cartoonito and Channel 5's Milkshake block. In 2018, it left Cartoonito. In 2021, it left Channel 5 as it has since ended its run. Two years after the 2015 series ended, The original Bob the Builder also aired on Qubo but it ceased operations on February 28, 2021. A new titled Bob the Builder reboot series is to be announced.
Characters and voice actors
Voice actors who have contributed to the original British version include Neil Morrissey, Rob Rackstraw, Kate Harbour, Rupert Degas, Colin McFarlane, Maria Darling, Emma Tate, Richard Briers, and June Whitfield.
Celebrities who have provided voices for the series (usually for one-off specials) include John Motson, Sue Barker, Kerry Fox, Ulrika Jonsson, Alison Steadman, Stephen Tompkinson, Elton John, Noddy Holder, and Chris Evans (Bobsville's resident rock star Lennie Lazenby).
International broadcast
Bob the Builder is broadcasted internationally and is available in several languages, including English, French, Spanish, Italian, Swedish, Slovene, German, Dutch, Hebrew, Hindi, Serbo-Croatian, Bengali, and others.
Impact
Bob the Builder was nominated in the BAFTA "Pre-school animation" category from 1999 to 2009, and won the "Children's Animation" category in 2003 for the special episode "A Christmas to Remember". Of the show's success, Sarah Ball said:
References
Other websites
Official Website
Channel 5 (UK) television programmes
1999 British television series debuts
1990s television series
2000s television series
2010s television series
2011 British television series endings
2015 British television series debuts
2018 British television series endings
Children's television series
PBS Kids shows
Television characters
CBeebies
Crouy

Crouy is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Barneveld

Barneveld () is a municipality in the middle of the Netherlands, in the province Gelderland. The main centre is the village of Barneveld.
The municipality has an area of 176.74 km2.
Towns and villages of the municipality
Other centres are: Essen, Esveld, Garderbroek, Harselaar, Kallenbroek, Moorst (partly), Wessel and Recreatiegebied Zeumeren.
Geography
The municipality neighbours Nijkerk, Putten and Ermelo to the north. Apeldoorn lies to the east. Municipalities Ede, Renswoude, Scherpenzeel and Woudenberg are to the south. Municipalities Leusden and Amersfoort neighbour Barneveld to the west.
Notable people born in Barneveld
Jacobus Cornelius Kapteyn (1851-1922), astronomer
Eduard Daniel van Oort (1876-1933), ornithologist
Egbert Adriaan Kreiken (1896-1964), teacher and astronomer
Conny van Bentum (born 1965), freestyle swimmer
Alfred Schreuder (born 1972), footballer
References
Settlements in Gelderland
Municipalities of Gelderland
Armando (artist)

Armando (18 September 1929 - 1 July 2018), born Herman Dirk van Dodeweerd, was a Dutch painter, sculptor and writer. He was born in Amsterdam. In 1958 he was one of the founding members of the Nederlandse Informele Groep (Informelen).
His first solo exhibition was at the Galerie Le Canard, Amsterdam, in 1954. At this time he also started to write poetry. He was influenced by the CoBrA art group. In 2007, he retired following an art museum fire that destroyed most of his work.
Armando died on 1 July 2018 in Berlin at the age of 88.
Honours
1990 - Knight of the Order of Oranje-Nassau
2006 - Knight of the Order of the Netherlands Lion
2009 - The Honorary medal for Arts and Science of the Order of the House of Orange
References
Other websites
1929 births
2018 deaths
Dutch painters
Dutch sculptors
Writers from Amsterdam
Electoral district of Ballina

Ballina is an electoral district of New South Wales. It was created in 1894, abolished in 1904 and recreated in 1988.
The current MP is Tamara Smith, who is a member of the Greens.
Election results
References
Ballina
IELTS

The International English Language Testing System (IELTS) tests how fluent you are in the English language. People who take the test take the Academic Module or the General Training Module. The academic one is for people who want to go to university. The general one is for people who want to do other training or want to get work experience. People who want to emigrate to a country that uses English also take the general one.
Most universities in Australia, Britain, Canada, New Zealand and the United States accept the IELTS. Many professional companies do as well.
Other websites
IELTS Web Site
IELTS Exams
English language
Tests
Whiteboard

A whiteboard, also called a markerboard, is a drawing surface on which markings made with markers are visible. It is used as a surface to write on. Whiteboards are often used to help teach. Special markers are used that can be erased. Whiteboards usually have a shiny surface. Before there were whiteboards, people used blackboards. Chalk is used to write on blackboards. Now, there is another improvement, people are now using electronic whiteboards, where it is controlled by a computer - this is sometimes called an interactive whiteboard (IWB). These were particularly popular in English schools in the 2000s.
Related pages
Interactive whiteboard
Writing media
learning
Ergué-Gabéric

Ergue-Gaberic () is a commune. It is found in the region Brittany in the Finistere department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Finistere
Chassenard

Chassenard is a French commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
Sulligent, Alabama

Sulligent is a city in Lamar County, Alabama, United States. As of the 2000 census, the population of the city was 2,151.
Cities in Alabama
Avon, Maine

Avon is a town in Franklin County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Rachna Khatau

Rachna Khatau (born 29 January 1981) is an British-American actress, singer and television host. She is known for her role as Sondra in the Freeform sitcom Baby Daddy appearing in the series from 2013 through 2017. As a singer, Rachna was previously signed to a record deal with a subsidiary label of Universal Records. She has hosted live shows and worked as a red carpet correspondent for Extra.
Khatau was born in London, England. She was raised in Chicago, Illinois. She received a master's degree in journalism at the University of Southern California.
References
Other websites
1981 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American television presenters
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Actors from London
Singers from London
Actors from Chicago
Singers from Chicago
Actors from Los Angeles
Singers from Los Angeles
Samson Ogunjimi

Samson Olugbenga Ogunjimi, (born 15 October 1965), is a notable Nigerian entrepreneur and philanthropist.
Education
Samson academic journey began at Ogun State University, where he obtained a BSc. (Hons) degree in Industrial Chemistry in 1987. He furthered his education at the University of Greenwich, London, earning an MSc in Analytical Chemistry in 1996.
Career
Samson currently holds the position of Group Managing Director at Codix Pharma Ltd. Early in his career, Samson gained valuable experience in the pharmaceutical industry, working with esteemed companies such as Pharmacia & Upjohn (now part of Pfizer) and Janssen Cilag. He later joined Merck Pharmaceuticals, where he held various positions, including territory manager, Regional Development Manager, and Senior Regional Business Manager. During his tenure at Merck, Samson played a pivotal role in initiating a Diploma course in Heart Failure Management for Nurses in collaboration with a Heart Failure Nurse Consultant at The London Chest Hospital. This partnership resulted in the development of a Level 3 Pathway to a Degree Course at City University, London.
In 2008, Samson returned to Nigeria and founded Codix Pharma Limited. Over the past 15 years, Codix Pharma Limited has experienced remarkable growth and expansion, leading to the establishment of subsidiaries across Ghana, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Gambia, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Kenya, UAE, and the United Kingdom.
References
1965 births
Nigerian businesspeople
Pharmacologists
Malusi Gigaba

Knowledge Malusi Nkanyezi Gigaba MP, popularly known just as Malusi Gigaba (born 30 August 1971) is a South African politician. He is the current Minister of Home Affairs of The Republic of South Africa since 27 February 2018.
References
Living people
1971 births
South African politicians
Henry Walter Bates

Henry Walter Bates (Leicester, 8 February 1825 - London, 16 February 1892) was an English biologist who explored the Amazon Rainforest.
This naturalist and explorer gave the first scientific account of mimicry in animals. Batesian mimicry is named after him. He was most famous for his expedition to the Amazon River basin with Alfred Russel Wallace in 1848. He spent 11 years in the rain forest.
When Bates arrived home in 1859, he had sent back over 14,000 species (mostly of insects) of which 8,000 were new to science.
The great adventure
In 1847 Wallace and Bates discussed the idea of an expedition to the Amazon basin. The plan was to defray expenses by sending specimens back to London, where an agent would sell them for a commission. Also, for the travellers to "gather facts towards solving the problem of the origin of species", as Wallace put it in a letter to Bates.
The two friends, who were both by now experienced amateur entomologists, met in London to prepare themselves by viewing South American plants and animals in the main collections.
Bates and Wallace sailed from Liverpool in April 1848, arriving in Para (now Belem) at the end of May. For the first year they settled in a villa near the city, collecting birds and insects. After that they agreed to collect independently.
Eventually, Bates' health deteriorated and he returned to England, sending his collection by three different ships. He didn't want to put all his insects into one boat. Bates wrote a famous book on his experiences: The naturalist on the river Amazons.<ref>The Naturalist on the River Amazons Henry Walter Bates</ref>
Bates H.W. 1863. The naturalist on the river Amazons. 2 vols, Murray, London.
Bates H.W. 1878. Central America, the West Indies and South America, with ethnological notes by A.H. Keane''. Stanford, London; second and revised edition 1882.
References
1825 births
1892 deaths
English evolutionary biologists
English naturalists
English explorers
Brazil
English science writers
Operation Amsterdam

Operation Amsterdam is a 1959 British World War II action movie directed by Michael McCarthy and was based on the novel Adventures in Diamonds by David E. Walker. It stars Peter Finch, Eva Bartok, Tony Britton, Alexander Knox, Malcolm Keen, Christopher Rhodes, Oscar Quitak and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Other websites
1959 war movies
1950s action movies
British action movies
British war movies
Movies based on books
20th Century Fox movies
Movies set in Amsterdam
Movies set in the Netherlands
Movies directed by Michael McCarthy
Actinium

Actinium is chemical element 89 on the periodic table. Its symbol is Ac. Actinium's mass is 227 g/mol.
Actinium is a silver radioactive, solid metal in actinide group. It is so radioactive that it glows in the dark. Even a small amount of actinium is dangerous to people.
History
Actinium was discovered in 1899 by Andre-Louis Debierne, a French chemist. In 1899, Debierne described the substance as similar to titanium and (in 1900) as similar to thorium.
Properties
Actinium is a soft, silvery-white, radioactive metal. Its estimated shear modulus is similar to that of lead. Because its strong radioactivity, actinium glows in the dark with a pale blue light.
Actinium reacts quickly with oxygen and moisture in air forming a white coating of actinium oxide that stops the actinium from oxidizing.
Isotopes
Actinium that is found in nature is made up of two radionuclides 227Ac and 228Ac. Thirty-six radionuclides of actinium have been found. The most stable is 227Ac which has a half-life of 21.772 years. The shortest-lived known isotope of actinium is 217Ac which has a half-life of 69 nanoseconds.
Occurence
Actinium is only found in trace amounts in uranium ores. For example, one tonne of uranium ore contains about 0.2 milligrams of 227Ac. Thorium ores contain about 5 nanograms of 228Ac per one tonne of thorium.
Uses
225Ac is now being studied for use in cancer treatments. 227Ac is studied for use as an active element of radioisotope thermoelectric generators. 225Ac is used in medicine to make 213Bi in a reusable generator. It can be used in radiation therapy.
References
Actinides