pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Sudetenland

The Sudetenland was a mountainous area of Czechoslovakia. The name comes from the Sudetes, a mountain range, but it was also used for other places in Bohemia in which mostly-German people lived. They wanted their homes to be part of Germany, not Czechoslovakia. Nazi Germany took small parts of the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia in September 1938. After the Munich Agreement, they took the rest of Sudetenland, which contributed to the start of World War II.
Other websites
WW2DB: Annexation of Sudetenland
History of Germany
Geography of the Czech Republic
Tom McNeeley

Thomas William McNeeley, Jr. (February 27, 1937 - October 25, 2011) was a professional boxer. He was son of Tom McNeeley, Sr., who was also a professional boxer. McNeeley attended Michigan State University where he played football.
His first professional fight was on July 17, 1958. He fought 25 times without losing. On December 4, 1961, McNeeley fought Floyd Patterson for the World Heavyweight Championship. Patterson retained his title. McNeeley retired after a June 14, 1966 fight. He later served on the Massachusetts Boxing Commission for eight years. He was also a U.S. Marshall. Later, he worked in the athletic department of the Massachusetts prison system and as a counselor for state employees.
McNeeley's son, Peter McNeeley was also a professional boxer. Peter fought Mike Tyson.
References
1934 births
2011 deaths
American boxers
Politicians from Massachusetts
Sportspeople from Massachusetts
Human rights in Chad

Human rights in Chad have been described as "poor". Freedom House has designated the country as "Not Free." Chad received a score of 7 for political rights and 6 for civil liberties (with 1 being the most free, 7 being the least free).
Sexual orientation
Article 350(i) of the Penal Code provides imprisonment of ten to twenty years when the rape is committed because of the sexual orientation of the victim.
References
Chad
Chad
Islam in England

Islam is the second largest religion in England, after Christianity. Most Muslims are immigrants of South Asian descent (from countries such as Pakistan, India, Bangladesh), or descendants of the early immigrants from those places. Other large number of Muslims do come from Muslim-dominated regions such as Afghanistan, the Middle East, Malaysia, Nigeria, Somalia, and some places in Africa. White European Muslims in the UK are mostly of Slavic and Balkan descent (from countries such as Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Russia, etc).
England
Religion in England
Grupo Clarín

Grupo Clarin S.A. (English: Clarin Group) is the largest media conglomerate in Argentina.
This group was officially formed in 1999, it includes, among other media, the daily Clarin (the newspaper with the largest circulation in Latin America), the company Artear, which operates and markets the television network El Trece based in Buenos Aires, the news channel Todo Noticias and the cable operator Cablevision, along with dozens of companies such as publishing houses, radio and television stations, television production companies, Internet providers, telecommunications, graphic printers, traditional mail and outsourcing services.
Companies and brands
Some of the companies that form part of the conglomerate are:
References
1999 establishments
Muscogee

The Muscogee or Mvskoke, Muscogee Creek are a Native American people from the Southeastern Woodlands. Today this is Tennessee, Alabama, western Georgia and northern Florida. Their languages are Muscogee, Mvskoke and Hitchiti-Mikasuki. The languages are part of the Muscogean language family. The Seminole people come from the Muscogee tribes. The Muscogee historically formed the Muscogee Confederacy.
Social Structure
The Muscogee Confederacy included several Upper Towns and several Lower Towns. Abihka, Coosa, Tuckabutche, and Coweta were the four earliest towns.
The Muscogee Confederacy had particular social structure. The social unit was the town (idalwa). The mico was village chief and most important man. Micos were warriors. Micalgi were lower chiefs. The heniha was second in charge. The tustunnuggee were ranked warriors. The clan was another social group. They dealt with land, hunts, marriages and crimes.
History
Early Muscogee were part of the Mississippian culture. They built cities and were mound builders. Notable mound sites are the Ocmulgee, Etowah Indian Mounds, and Moundville sites.
Spanish were early Europeans to meet the Muscogee in the 16th century.
Natives had interpretations for two special events. One was the Great Comet of 1811. The other was the 1812 New Madrid Earthquake. Many thought the events meant that they should support the Shawnee.
There was conflict between the Upper and Lower Towns of the Muscogee. This eventually lead to the Red Stick War (Creek War, 1813-1814). It was connected to the War of 1812. Europeans also got involved in the war. Shawnee leader Tecumseh led the Northern towns. They lost against the Southern Muscogee and General Andrew Jackson. In 1814, the Muscogee signed the Treaty of Fort Jackson. They had to give up a lot of land. The Muscogee spread out to different regions after this. Several went to Florida.
In Florida, Andrew Jackson attacked the Seminole in 1817. The Natives had been raiding towns. The Seminole lost and many moved inland.
The Muscogee were forced to leave their homes during the Trail of Tears in the 1830s. Most went to Indian Territory (Oklahoma). Some remaining Muscogee moved to Florida and formed the Seminole. Also many of these Seminole were forced to leave. Some moved south to the Everglades.
The Muscogee were considered part of the so-called "Five Civilized Tribes". The Europeans saw how technologically advanced these natives were and thought they were civilized.
Opothleyahola was a chief of the Muscogee during the American Civil War. He wanted that the Muscogee stay neutral. Later they supported the Union and blacks.
References
Native Americans
Almere

Almere is a municipality in the Netherlands (no city rights).
It is in the province of Flevoland and nearby Amsterdam and has about 215,000 people (2021).
Other websites
Almere website
Cities in the Netherlands
Settlements in Flevoland
Diora Baird

Diora Baird (born April 6, 1983) is an American actress and former model. She played Vivian in Wedding Crashers. She also played Tiffany in the movie Fifty Pills (2006).
Baird was born in Miami, Florida.
References
Other websites
Actors from Miami
American movie actors
American television actors
Models from Florida
1983 births
Living people
Carpenter, Iowa

Carpenter is a city in Iowa in the United States.
References
Cities in Iowa
Wladyslaw I of Poland

Wladyslaw I of Poland (1261 2 March 1333) was the ruler who united Polish lands into one state at the beginning of 14th century.
Biography
Wladyslaw was born probably in 1261. He was a son of duke Casimir of Kuyavia. He was the step-brother of duke Leszek the Black. He was called Lokietek, that means "the Short" or "Elbow-high".
At the time of his birth Poland was divided into many independent states. For years Wladyslaw struggled to unite Poland into one strong state. He was at war with a powerful king of Bohemia, Wenceslaus II. His lands were also in danger of the Teutonic Knights who had seized the town of Gdansk. Despite all odds, Wladyslaw united Greater Poland and lesser Poland and was crowned in 1320.
He had still to fight in defence of the country. In 1331 he defeated the Teutonic knights in the battle at Plowce. He was seventy then. He died two years later. His only son, Casimir III of Poland, succeeded him. Wladyslaw I was buried in the cathedral at Wawel Castle.
An anecdote
At the time of Wladyslaw's reign many Germans lived in Polish towns. They opposed him and rioted against him. After the riot of Lord Mayor Albert Wladyslaw ordered his soldiers to expel all Germans from the town. One of them asked Wladyslaw, how to recognise a German. The duke ordered them to make everyone speak aloud the words Soczewica, kolo, miele, mlyn (that means Lentil, wheel, grinds, mill). A man who could not speak it correctly was regarded as a German.
References
Bibliography
Pawel Jasienica, Polska Piastow, Ossolineum, Wroclaw 1960.
Henryk Samsonowicz, Lokietkowe czasy, Krakowa Agencja Wydawnicza, Krakow 1989.
1261 births
1333 deaths
Kings of Poland
Piast dynasty
Polish Roman Catholics
Alexander Tolmer

Alexander Tolmer (1815--1890) was the man in charge of the South Australian police force. Born in England to French parents, he studied to be a teacher of languages. He joined the army and saw action in Portugal from 1826--1833 during the civil war. Tolmer moved to South Australia in 1836, where Governor George Gawler thought his background in the cavalry would make him the right person to set up a group of mounted police.
In 1852 Tolmer became the police commissioner. He led a group of police from South Australia to the Victorian gold fields and escorted a load of gold back to Adelaide.
In 1856 after a number of small arguments with his offices, Tolmer was removed as commissioner. He tried farming, but this was unsuccessful. He tried to lead an exploring group to cross Australia from south to north, but this also failed before it left Adelaide. He became a ranger for crown lands in 1862 and retired in 1885. He died at Mitcham, South Australia, on 7 March 1890.
References
Other websites
Photograph of Alexander Tolmer
1815 births
1890 deaths
Exploration of Australia
Australian police officers
Pedipalp

Pedipalps are the two appendages on the front of a spider's head. Other arachnids, and chelicerates that are not arachnids also have pedipalps. Some spiders seem to have ten legs and not eight, because these pedipalps look like an extra pair of legs. The pedipalps are used rather like arms. Spiders often use them to hold insects (for example crickets) for them to eat.
Male spiders also use pedipalps for mating. The male spiders make some silk, put sperm onto the silk, and then put their pedipalps into the sperm. The pedipalps then hold the sperm, and the spider can use it to mate with a female by putting them inside her epigynum.
Diversity of pedipalps
The pedipalps of all chelicerates vary: Ricinulei, Thelyphonida, Amblypygi, some Opiliones, Schizomida, scorpions and pseudoscorpions all have theirs as pincers, with the Amblypygi's being their entire pedipalps shaped like mantids. The Palpigradi's pedipalps have some of the strangest roles of arachnids as they use theirs for locomotion. The pedipalps of Solifugae act as antennae.
Other websites
Close-up view of pedipalps on a large spider
Animal anatomy
Arachnids
Injil

The Injil (, alternative spellings: Ingil or Injeel) is the Arabic word for the Gospel. Muslims believe the Injil is to be followed, but has been corrupted over time. Muslims believe the Qur'an is the true successor.
Religious texts
Islamic culture
Bible
Kalani Hilliker

Kalani Brooke Hilliker (born September 23, 2000) is an American dancer, fashion designer, model and actress. She became famous in 2013 on the Lifetime reality series Abby's Ultimate Dance Competition. Sne later appeared on Dance Moms. She was a regular cast member from 2014 to 2017.
Living people
actors from Arizona
American dancers
Models from Arizona
American fashion designers
People from Mesa, Arizona
Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic medical problem involving the part of the body which runs from the mouth to the stomach.
The problem exists when stomach contents move backwards towards the mouth. Food or liquid moves from the stomach into the tube between the mouth and the stomach. That tube is called the oesophagus.
The burning sensation is commonly called "heartburn," but it has nothing to do with the heart.
References
Other websites
MedicineNet, GERD
National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC), GERD
MedlinePlus, GERD
Diseases and disorders of the digestive system
Ruzhany Palace

Ruzhany Palace (, ) is a ruined palace in Ruzhany village, Pruzhany Raion (district), Brest Voblast (province) in western Belarus.
It was the main residence of the Polish-Lithuanian Sapieha noble family. The palace is currently and slowly being renovated. The palace gate and entry building are already renovated.
History
The first Ruzhany Palace was built by Lew Sapieha in 1602. The palace was destroyed during the civil war in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1700.
18th century
Ruzhany Palace was rebuilt in the Baroque and Neoclassical style in the 1770s, by Aleksander Michal Sapieha, employing the German architect Jan Samuel Becker of Saxony, who also designed an English-style garden around the palace. Aside from the palace, there was a theatre (1784-1788), an orangery and several other buildings. Becker also designed the local church (rebuilt in the 1850s).
The last King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, Stanislaw II, visited the palace in 1784. By that time work on the palace was stopped. In 1795, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was invaded and destroyed by the Russian Empire, Prussia and Austria. Then the land was divided among them. The palace, which was in the eastern part of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, became part of Russia.
19th century
The Sapieha estates were nationalized after the November Uprising by the Polish against the Russian Empire in 1831. In 1834, the palace was sold to be used as a textile mill and weaving factory.
Since the 20th century
In 1914, the palace was accidentally set on fire by factory workers. The First World War and financial problems prevented the building's renovation until 1930. However the partially restored palace became a ruin again during the Second World War. The palace gate and the entry building were renovated in 2012.
References
Other websites
Ruzhany Palace at Belarusguide.com
Photos at Radzima org
Photos at Globus.tut.by
Buildings and structures in Belarus
Palaces in Europe
Peace Sells

"Peace Sells" is a song by the American thrash metal band Megadeth. It is from the 1986 album Peace Sells... but Who's Buying?. It was written by Dave Mustaine. Along with "Wake Up Dead" from the same album, it has been a staple at Megadeth concerts. Lyrically, it deals with negative stereotypes about "metalheads", all of which Mustaine claims are untrue. VH1 has ranked "Peace Sells" at #11 on their list of the 40 greatest metal songs of all time.
Music video
A music video was produced for the song, which features a teenage boy, wearing a Slayer t-shirt, watching a montage of a live Megadeth performance and war footage on his living room television set. The boy's father, states "What is this garbage you're watching? I want to watch the news!," and changes the television channel to a news station using the remote control. His son, replying with "This is the news!," changes it back to the Megadeth performance using the TV set's channel knob. This part of the video was parodied by comedian Brian Posehn in his Metal by Numbers video. The beginning of the video also showed the explosion of the original low-cost skull used on the previous album Killing Is My Business... and Business Is Good!
Appearances and covers
Opening bassline was used as the theme for MTV News. Mustaine claims he never received any royalties for MTV's usage of the song.
It is featured in 2002 video game Grand Theft Auto: Vice City.
It is featured in video game True Crime: Streets of LA.
It is featured in video game NHL 10.
It is playable track in 2008 music video game Rock Band 2.
It is downloadable content for 2009 music video game Guitar Hero 5.
Tigertailz covered the song and it can be found on their 1991 B-sides compilation album Banzai!.
1986 songs
Megadeth songs
16 BC

Year 16 BC was either a common year starting on Monday, Tuesday or Wednesday or a leap year starting on Monday or Tuesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Ahenobarbus and Scipio.
Events
Noricum is added the Roman Empire
Caesar Augustus makes Trier the capital of German provinces
Deaths
Cornelia Scipio, daughter of Publius Cornelius Scipio Salvito and Scribonia (b. c. 46 BC)
Empress Wang
Banana republic

A banana republic is a politically unstable country whose economy depends on the export of one product in limited supply, such as agricultural products like bananas or minerals. A banana republic has social classes that are divided by wealth. These include a large, poor working class and a small ruling class (elite) made up of the businessmen, politicians, and the military. The ruling class controls and exploits the country's economy.
Characteristics of a Banana Republic
The way the phrase banana republic is used has evolved since it was introduced more than a century ago. It is no longer limited to countries in Central America or the tropics. Key characteristics of a banana republic in the modern world include:
Widespread government corruption
Tyrannical government
Unstable government
Civil unrest
Coup attempts/insurgency
Economic dependency on exporting a limited natural resource (which may or may not be bananas)
Infrastructure owned/supported by out-of-country interests
Overall economic dependency on foreign investment or business entities
Widespread poverty
Significant stratification of social classes
Enormous gap between the haves and have nots
Lack of a middle class
Examples of Banana Republics
In the modern world, whether or not a country could accurately be described as a banana republic government is a matter of opinion. A number of countries have been described as banana republics at some point.
Bangladesh
Pakistan
Botswana
Costa Rica
Colombia
Cuba
Guatemala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Nigeria
Panama
Zambia
A country that at some point might exhibit all of the characteristics of a banana republic could change, which would mean that the term would no longer apply. The fact that someone refers to a country as a banana republic does not mean that the country really is one. The phrase is a derogatory description rather than an actual type of government.
Related pages
Puppet state
References
Countries
André Salvat

Andre Salvat (16 May 1920 - 9 February 2017) was a French colonel. He was a veteran of World War II, the First Indochina War and the Algerian War. He was made a Companion of the Liberation for his World War II service. He was also a Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour. He retired in April 1973. He was born in Prades, Pyrenees-Orientales.
Salvat died on 9 February 2017 in Perpignan, at the age of 96.
References
1920 births
2017 deaths
Colonels
French military people
Legion of Honour
Military personnel of World War II
People from Occitanie
Disorderly Conduct

Disorderly Conduct is a 1932 American comedy movie directed by John W. Considine Jr. and starring Spencer Tracy, Sally Eilers, El Brendel, Ralph Morgan, Ralph Bellamy, Frank Conroy, Sally Blane. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Other websites
1932 comedy movies
American comedy movies
20th Century Fox movies
Manin, Pas-de-Calais

Manin is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Personal digital assistant

A personal digital assistant (PDA) is a handheld computer. Personal digital assistants were designed to replace non-electronic day planners. Many PDAs can work as an address book, a calculator, a clock, and a calendar. Some also have games on them. Newer PDAs are now called smartphones and have Wi-Fi, touch screens, can read e-mail, record video, play music and make phone calls.
Processor
PDA's processor is a chip which makes the device work. PDAs can have different processors depending on their speed. If access to the Internet, GPS, or video recording are needed, the PDA needs to have a fast processor.
Memory
PDA stores data and applications on RAM memory(Random Access Memory). It is a memory card inside the device. PDAs can also use SD (Secure Digital), SDIO and MMS cards. These are easy to remove and are called flash memory cards. USB flash drives can be used to add more memory.
Screen
Most PDAs have touch screens. This means that the device has less buttons or has no buttons at all. Usually PDAs come with removable 'pen' (stylus) with which the screen is touched. The pen acts like a mouse for desktop PCs or like a touch pad for laptops. For other PDAs a finger is used instead of the pen.
Battery
PDAs are powered by batteries. There are two types of batteries: removable and fixed. Older PDAs used alkaline batteries which the user would have to take out and replace when they ran out. Most new PDAs have Li-ion batteries. These batteries are rechargeable. PDAs use more battery power when playing video, accessing Internet or transferring data using Bluetooth. Large and bright screens also take more power. This makes the battery run out faster.
Connection
A PDA can communicate with other devices, PDAs, PCs, etc. This is made with the help of infrared (IrDA) port or with Bluetooth. With this ability the devices can transfer data, download music, images, video, games, etc.
Synchronization means having the same data on both the PDA and PC or other device. When changes are made on either the PDA or the PC, when they are synchronized, these changes made to data on one of them are also made the data on the other. The synchronization also prevents the loss of the stored information.
Adaptation (Customization)
Customization is adding more memory, miniature keyboards, etc. to the PDA. Customization also can be putting other software (download Internet programs) on the PDA device.
Other websites
Reading 'DNA' of the PDAs
PDA Blast! - The Ultimate PDA User Resource
Personal digital assistants
Florida Cabinet

The Cabinet of Florida is the cabinet of the state government of the U.S. state of Florida.
The members of the cabinet are the attorney general, the lieutenant governor of Florida and the leaders of the state's executive branch departments. The governor leads the meetings. They are not a member of the cabinet.
List of members of the Florida Cabinet
Politicians from Florida
Northern pygmy owl

The Northern pygmy owl (Glaucidium gnoma) is a small owl native to North and Central America.
Description
The Northern pygmy owl is small and has a long tail. It has shiny yellow eyes, yellow feet, and small tuffs of fur with its ears. Its feathers are a reddish brown speckled with white. Like all of the members of its family, it has fake eye spots that are black and outlined in white on the back of its neck. The Northern Pygmy Owl's stomach is white with black stripes. The Northern Pygmy Owl tends to perch in a diagonal position rather than an upright position.
Breeding
Northern pygmy owls nest and breed in evergreen-filled forests and woodlands with variety. They normally mate in Spring. They prefer to live in tree cavities or old woodpeckers' holes. They do not add anything to their nest. The mothers keep three or four eggs warm. But she waits for all of the eggs to be laid before she starts incubating. That is an inimitable trait of northern American owls. While the female owl takes care of the eggs, the male consistently brings food for them. After the eggs hatch, the mother takes care of them for about one week. The baby owls will gain the ability to fly in about twenty-seven to twenty-eight days.
Habitat
Northern pygmy owls are widespread across North America. They usually live in the scattered areas with less trees, rather than large parts of land with lots of unbroken trees. Northern pygmy owls are most active during the dawn or the dusk. Northern pygmy owls can also be seen in the daytime, when the weather is overcast. They like to perch on conifer or small trees, or in a snag. When they perch, they bob their head up and down, and flick their tails, and hold their tails to one side.
Diet
One third of the pygmy owls' diet are rodents, large insects, and small birds. Northern pygmy owls are very aggressive hunters, so fast that they can catch their prey in flight.
References
NeotropicalBirds. The Cornell Lab of Ornithology, n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2012.
Bird Web . Seattle Audubon Society, n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2012.
Crane, S. 2002. "Sciurus griseus" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed December 13, 2012.
Strigiformes
Birds of North America
Kate Upton

Katherine "Kate" Upton is an American model and actress. She was on the covers of Cosmopolitan, GQ, Vogue and Sports Illustrated. She starred as Sister Bernice in the 2011 adaptation of The Three Stooges and mistress for Mr. Hightower in the movie Tower Heist, also in 2011. She was born in St. Joseph, Michigan, but was raised in Florida.
References
Other websites
Actors from Florida
Actors from Michigan
American movie actors
Models from Florida
Models from Michigan
1992 births
Living people
Christians
Models
Connie McHugh

Connie Black McHugh was a former Republican member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives.
She died of lung cancer in 1997.
References
1938 births
1997 deaths
Perfect

Perfect could mean:
Perfection (concept), a philosophical concept
Perfection (law), a legal concept
Perfect aspect, a grammatical concept
In mathematics:
Perfect number
Perfect group
Perfect set
Perfect graph
In biology:
In botany and mycology, an organism is considered perfect if it is capable of sexual reproduction; otherwise it is imperfect.
Fungi in the Division Deuteromycota (informally called the Fungi imperfecti) are so classified because sexual reproduction is unknown (or may not occur) in these species.
A flower is called "perfect" (or synoecious) if it has both male and female reproductive parts. A perfect or hermaphroditic flower has both stamens and an ovary. If a flower has just male or just female parts it is termed 'imperfect'.
In music:
Perfect interval, one of these music intervals:
Perfect octave
Perfect fifth
Perfect fourth
Perfect unison
As a proper name:
Perfect (film)
Perfect Records, a record label
Perfect Developer, a tool for developing computer
Perfect, Alanis Morissette song
Perfect, Fairground Attraction song
Perfect John Cale song
"Perfect" (Sara Evans song)
Perfect, Simple Plan song
Perfect, Smashing Pumpkins song
"Perfect" (True Faith song)
"Perfect" (Flyleaf song)
Perfect (Exceeder), a song by Mason vs. Princess Superstar
Perfect (Princess Superstar song), the original, unremixed, version of the aforementioned song
Perfect (band), a band from Poland
Perfect (Sam Shaber album)
Cessna T-41 Mescalero

The Cessna T-41 Mescalero is an American training aircraft. It is a military variant of the Cessna 172. It first flew in 1965. It was first used the same year. It was used by many air forces including Argentina, Greece, Iran, Laos.
United States Air Force aircraft
T-41
Mashina Vremeni

Mashina Vremeni (, literally "Time Machine", and known as Time Machine in English music sources) is a Russian rock band founded in 1969.
Mashina Vremeni is one of the oldest still active rock bands in Russia. The band's music has elements of classic rock, blues, and Russian folk music. Mashina Vremeni's best known members are Andrei Makarevich - the founder, principal singer-songwriter and the band's public persona, Alexander Kutikov - the bass player and producer/sound engineer, and guitarist/songwriter Evgeny Margulis.
References
Other websites
Official site
Russian musical groups
Saint-Angel, Allier

Saint-Angel is a commune. It is found in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
Premier Guitar

Premier Guitar is a music magazine. A new issue is made every month. Articles in the magazine are usually about guitar players. The magazine has interviews, reviews, and information on how to play songs on guitar or bass guitar. The magazine started in 2007. .
Other websites
Premier Guitar website
Music magazines
Bossa nova

Bossa nova is a type of Brazilian music. Bossa nova means literally "new trend". Antonio Carlos Jobim and Joao Gilberto developed bossa nova as a genre. The first bossa nova single to achieve international popularity was "The Girl From Ipanema".
The bossa nova musical style evolved from samba but is more complex harmonically and less percussive. Joachim Ernst Berendt, the writer of a jazz book, said that bossa nova is a combination of samba and cool jazz. The influence on bossa nova of jazz styles is often debated, but a similar "cool sensibility" is apparent.
Bossa nova is usually performed on classical guitar and piano. It often performed with percussion and strings.
Music genres
Electoral district of Murray

Murray is an electoral district of New South Wales. It was created in 1859, abolished in 1999 and recreated in 2015.
It is a conservative electorate.
Election results
References
Murray
Taltali Upazila

Taltali () is an upazila of Barguna District in Barisal division of Bangladesh.
Geography
Amtali is a place located at 22.0876degN 90.1770degE. It spans across an area of 258.94 square kilometers and has a population of 88,004 people. The literacy rate in Amtali is 89%. It is situated near the Bay of Bengal, and on its west, there is the Burishwar river and Barguna Sadar Upazila. To the east, there is the Andharmanik river and Kalapara Upazila of Patuakhali.
Administration
Taltali Upazila is split into seven smaller parts called union parishads. These are Barabagi, Chhotabagi, Kariibaria, Nishanbaria, Panchakoralia, Sarikkhali, and Sonakata.
People
The population of Taltoli upazila is 88,004 people, and most people live in rural areas. The literacy rate here is 89%, which means many people can read and write. The main jobs are farming and fishing. There is a forest called TengraGiri Wildlife Conservation and a beach called Shuvo-Shondha. Lots of tourists come here to see the natural beauty of Paira-Bishkhali-Bay of Bengal Mohona. Some Rakhaine people also live here.
References
Upazilas of Barguna District
International Council of Nurses

International Council of Nurses (ICN) is an international organization comprises of over 130 National nurses associations. The headquarter of ICN is in Geneva, Switzerland. It was founded in 1899.
References
Nursing
Dmitri Borgmann

Dmitri Borgmann (1927 - 1985) was the man who created the sentence "Buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo". He published the sentence in his book "Beyond Language". The sentence was later used by William J. Rapaport who was a professor in the University at Buffalo in Buffalo, New York. The sentence has had a recent resurgence on the internet.
Borgmann has a Jewish background and was born in Berlin. He fled with his parents to the United States in the 1930s.
References
1927 births
1985 deaths
German Jews
Jewish American writers
American linguists
Refugees from Nazism
University of Chicago alumni
Writers from Berlin
Saint-Avit-de-Soulège

Saint-Avit-de-Soulege is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Communes in Gironde
Review

A review is an evaluation of a publication, service, or company. Popular reviews are about movies, video games, musical compositions or books. Other reviews are about cars, home appliances, or computers. An event or performance like a live music concert, play, musical theater show, dance show, or art exhibition are commonly reviewed. legal case decisions by a lower court may be reviewed by a higher court. In addition to a critical evaluation, the review's author may assign the work a rating to indicate its relative merit. Reviews are generally positive, neutral or negative.
Compilation reviews
A compilation of reviews may itself be called a review. The New York Review of Books, for instance, is a collection of essays on literature, culture, and current affairs. National Review, founded by William F. Buckley, Jr., is an influential conservative magazine. Monthly Review is a long-running socialist periodical. Metacritic creates an average score of published reviews called a metascore.
User reviews
A user review is one written by someone for a product or a service based on his or her own experience with the reviewed product. Popular sources for consumer reviews are e-commerce sites like Amazon.com or Zappos. Social media sites like TripAdvisor and Yelp contain user reviews. E-commerce sites often have consumer reviews for products and sellers separately. Usually, consumer reviews are in the form of several lines of texts accompanied by a numerical rating. This text is meant to help shoppers make a decision about a product. A consumer review of a product usually has comments on how well the product meets a user's expectations. It talks about how well it does its job, how reliable it is and its quality for the price. Consumer reviews are also called word of mouth. Users also comment on how they were treated by a seller. They may comment on how dependable or trustworthy a seller is.
References
Other websites
4 Ways to Manage Online Reviews
Writing media
Zelmar Casco

Zelmar Casco (31 July 1926 - 5 September 2020) was an Argentine fencer. He competed in the individual and team epee events at the 1964 Summer Olympics. He was born in La Plata, Argentina.
Casco died on 5 September 2020 in Buenos Aires at the age of 94.
References
1926 births
2020 deaths
Argentine Olympians
Argentine fencers
Jerry Lewis (California politician)

Charles Jeremy Lewis (October 21, 1934 - July 15, 2021) was an American politician. He was a U.S. Representative, last serving . He is a former chairman of the House Appropriations Committee, serving in that role during the 109th Congress.
In January 2012 he announced that he was not running for re-election and would end his congressional career in January 2013.
Lewis died on July 15, 2021 in Redlands, California at the age of 86.
References
Other websites
Official website
Associated Press profile
1934 births
2021 deaths
United States representatives from California
Politicians from Seattle
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Raleigh, North Carolina

Raleigh (pronounced , ) is the capital and the 2nd most populous city in the U.S. state of North Carolina as well as the county seat of Wake County. Raleigh is known as the "City of Oaks" for its many oak trees. The area is also nicknamed "The Triangle".
Raleigh is part of the Research Triangle area, together with Durham and Chapel Hill. The "Triangle" nickname began after the 1959 plan and construction of the Research Triangle Park, in Durham and Wake Counties. It is in the middle of the three cities and their universities.
The Research Triangle area makes up the U.S. Census Bureau's Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill Combined Statistical Area (CSA). It had an estimated population of 2,037,430 in 2013.
History
Raleigh was started in 1770. In 1788, it became North Carolina's state capital. The first state fair happened in 1853 and has kept on happening. Raleigh was not hurt by the Civil War. It did not grow much after the Civil War.
In the early 1900s, Raleigh had streetcars, but they got rid of them later. Raleigh got its first TV station in 1956. In 1959, the Research Triangle Park was built. This caused people to move to the area for the jobs. In the late 1900s, Interstate 40 and Interstate 440 (freeways)were built, helping traffic. Since the late 1900s, Raleigh has grown quickly.
November 28, 1988 tornado
On November 28, 1988, Raleigh was hit by a F4 tornado. The tornado formed after a very warm late November day. A line of thunderstorms that was spotted over the Charlotte area during the afternoon hours hit Raleigh just after 1:00 a.m. ET, however the National Weather Service (NWS) issued no tornado or severe thunderstorm watches for the area. They believed the conditions had not support the right for a tornado. There were two fatalities in the city of Raleigh, and four in total.
2011 tornado
On April 16, 2011, an EF3 tornado struck Raleigh, killing 24 people in North Carolina and four in Raleigh.
Geography
Raleigh is in north-central North Carolina. It is in a hilly area.
Climate
Raleigh has a mild climate. The summers are hot, with an average high of about 90 degF (32 degC). The winters are cool, with an average high of about 50 degF (10 degC). It snows about twice a year with a total of six inches (15 centimeters). Raleigh also gets around 45 inches of rain.
Transportation
Raleigh has a lot of good transportation. Some freeways are Interstate 40, I-440, and I-540. Some highways are U.S. Route 1, 64, and 70, and N.C. highway 50. Raleigh also has a Amtrak station and a big airport.
Other things
Raleigh has a lot of museums. North Carolina State University is also in Raleigh.
Raleigh is pretty rich, but there are some poor areas. The region also has a lot of suburban developments, but there are some crowded areas.
References
Other websites
Official website of Raleigh, NC
Raleigh Chamber of Commerce
From Crossroads to Capitol: the Founding and Early History of Raleigh, N.C.
County seats in North Carolina
State capitals in the United States
Mountain stream tree frog

The mountain stream tree frog, northern tops frog, leaf green river tree frog or Barrington tops frog (Ranoidea barringtonensis) is a tree frog from Australia. It lives in New South Wales.
This frog is 3.7 cm in length. It is green with dark spots and a dark stripe behind the eye. It has a white belly.
Scientists disagree about whether to call this frog barringtonenesis or pearsoniana. Some say this frog and Pearson's green tree frog are two different species and some do not.
References
Frogs of Australia
Taejong of Joseon

King Taejong (13 June 1367 - 30 May 1422) was the third king of Joseon. He was the king for 18 years (1400-1418). He was the father of King Sejong the Great.
1367 births
1422 deaths
Kings of Joseon
Bay, Haute-Saône

Bay is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Haute-Saone department in east France.
References
Communes in Haute-Saone
Green Party (Ireland)

The Green Party (, literally "Green Alliance") is a green political party in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. It was started in 1981 as the Ecology Party of Ireland. It was known as the Green Alliance from 1983, before becoming the Green Party in 1987. As of July 2022, its leader is Eamon Ryan.
It is currently part of a coalition government with Fianna Fail and Fine Gael. It has 12 seats in the Dail Eireann and is the smallest party in the coalition. It is the fourth largest party in the Dail. The Green Party was also part of the government from 2007 until 2011.
References
Other websites
Green political parties
Political parties in the Republic of Ireland
Wally Schirra

Walter Marty Schirra Jr. (, March 12, 1923 - May 3, 2007) was an American naval aviator, test pilot, and NASA astronaut. In 1959, he became one of the original seven astronauts chosen for Project Mercury.
In October 1968, he commanded Apollo 7, an 11-day low Earth orbit shakedown test of the three-man Apollo Command/Service Module and the first crewed launch for the Apollo program.
Schirra died on May 3, 2007, of a heart attack caused by stomach cancer in San Diego, California. He was 84 years old.
References
1923 births
2007 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Deaths from stomach cancer
American astronauts
Scientists from New Jersey
People from Hackensack, New Jersey
Three First National Plaza

Three First National Plaza is a skyscraper in Chicago, United States. It is 234 meters (767 feet) tall and has 57 floors. It was built in 1981 and is one of the tallest buildings in Chicago
Related pages
List of tallest buildings in Chicago
Other websites
Official Website
Emporis.com - Three First National Plaza
SkycraperPage.com - Three First National Plaza
Skyscrapers in Chicago
1981 establishments in the United States
1980s establishments in Illinois
Raghuvansh Prasad Singh

Raghuvansh Prasad Singh (6 June 1946 - 13 September 2020) was an Indian politician. In the Lok Sabha, represented the Vaishali constituency of Bihar between 1996 to 2014. He was the national vice president of the Rashtriya Janata Dal political party until 2010. He was born in Vaishali, Bihar.
Singh died of COVID-19 on 13 September 2020 in New Delhi at the age of 74.
References
1946 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in India
Bihari politicians
Joe Garagiola, Sr.

Joseph Henry Garagiola, Sr. (February 12, 1926 - March 23, 2016) was an American professional baseball catcher and later an announcer and television host.
Garagiola played nine seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the St. Louis Cardinals, Pittsburgh Pirates, Chicago Cubs and the New York Giants. He was also well known outside of baseball for having been one of the regular panelists on The Today Show for many years and for his many appearances on game shows both as a host and panelist.
Garagiola died on March 23, 2016 in Phoenix, Arizona at the age of 90.
References
Other websites
Baseball Hall of Fame - Frick Award recipient
St. Louis Walk of Fame
http://appelpr.com/ARTICLES/A-funny.htm
Joe Garagiola hosting "Monitor" on the NBC Radio Network, Saturday, February 22, 1969, from 3 to 4 p.m. ET
Joe Garagiola at the Internet Movie Database
1926 births
2016 deaths
St. Louis Cardinals players
Pittsburgh Pirates players
Chicago Cubs players
New York Giants players
American television personalities
Sportspeople from St. Louis, Missouri
The Accidental Husband

The Accidental Husband is a 2008 American romance-comedy starring Uma Thurman and Isabella Rossellini. It was originally released in 2008 in the United Kingdom, and in 2009 in the United States. This romantic-comedy is about romance, deception and infidelity.
Plot
Joe Maloney (Brad Pitt) is a straight A student vying for an athletic scholarship to Stanford. He lives with his mother (Carrie Snodgress) in a trailer park in Gardena, CA. His well laid plans for the future are thrown into turmoil when his troubled younger brother Billy (Rick Schroder) is released from Juvenile Detention following his arrest for stealing a car and comes to live with them back home.
References
Other websites
Official website
UK movie website from Momentum Pictures
The Yari Film Group website
The Accidental Husband @ Rotten Tomatoes
2008 romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
2000s English-language movies
Multilingual movies
American independent movies
List of United States senators from Oklahoma

Oklahoma was admitted to the Union on November 16, 1907. The 2 senators from this state are in 2 different classes. A class gets re-elected every 2 years. For example, Class 3 got re-elected in 2010, Class 1 got re-elected in 2012, and Class 2 got re-elected in 2014. Then the cycle will start over with Class 3 getting re-elected in 2016.
Class 2
Class 3
Oklahoma
senators
Syrian hamster

The Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus), also known as the golden hamster, is a breed of hamster. They first lived in Syria. They are also known as golden hamsters because the first ones kept as pets were gold coloured. Now there are over 100 different colours because of selective breeding. Little is known about their life in the wild. They are kept as pets in many countries including the United States, Canada most countries in Europe and many more.
Anatomy
A Syrian hamster's anatomy is similar to other rodents. It is very close to other hamsters.
Skeleton
Teeth
Syrian hamsters have 16 teeth. There are 4 incisors and 12 molars. There is a space between the incisors and the molars. That space is called the diastema.
Spine and tail
The spine, like in other animals, is made up of several bones called vertebrae. A Syrian hamster has 43-44 vertebrae. Thirteen to fourteen of them are in the tail.
Limbs
All hamsters have short legs. Because of this, their legs have small bones which can get broken more easily. Obese hamsters are more likely to have problems with their legs.
Sense organs
Syrian hamsters have, like most animals, five senses. They can see, hear, touch, taste and smell. Although they don't see well in daylight, they are not colorblind: Syrian hamsters are nocturnal and can see blue-green colours but not red colours. They use their sense of smell to locate food, and their taste buds function in the same way as human tongues do.
Breeding
Not much is known about Syrian hamster breeding in the wild. They have been bred well in captivity (i.e. in labs, by breeders and when kept as pets). People have learned a lot about their breeding. Breeding in captivity is probably the same as in the wild.
Syrian hamsters are believed to have the shortest gestation period of any animal. Their gestation is 16 days.
They also have a short ovulation period. Syrian hamsters come into heat once every 4 days for about 1-2 hours.
Lifespan
The lifespan of a Syrian hamster is typically 2 to 3 years; however, it can occasionally be 4 years. Their longevity is influenced by genetics, environment, diet, activity, veterinary treatment, and stress. Providing them with the best possible care, which includes a healthy diet, roomy living quarters, mental stimulation, and careful handling, will improve their general well-being and lengthen their stay with you.
Other websites
Hamsters
Syria
Mammals of Asia
National symbols of Bangladesh

The National symbols of Bangladesh (Bengali:); consisting most of symbols to represent Bangladeshi traditions and ideals that reflect the different aspects of the cultural life and history. Bangladesh has several official national symbols including a historic document, a flag, an emblem, an anthem, memorial towers as well as several national heroes. There are also several additional other patriotic symbols including the national animal, bird, flower and tree... They are listed here respectively.
Other Bangladeshi National and Official symbols
Related pages
National symbols of India
National symbols of Pakistan
References
Other websites
The Government of Bangladesh
Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
Ministry of Culture, Sports and Youth Affairs
Papunya, Northern Territory

Papunya is a small community in central Australia. It is about northwest of Alice Springs in the Northern Territory. The people who live there are Aboriginal people who were forced off their traditional country during the 1930s and 1940s. They are mainly from Pintupi- and Luritja-speaking groups. In the 2006 census, Papunya had a population of 299. The town is now on private Aboriginal land. People visiting or travelling through need a permit.
During the late 1950s, a Lutheran mission was set up at Papunya. In the 1970s, many of the people living here moved back to their homelands as part of the outstation movement. The Pintupi moved back west, closer to their homeland around Lake Mackay. They set up the town of Kintore in 1981, about west of Papunya. During this time, local painters were slowly forming a new style of art. By the mid-1980s, it became internationally known as Papunya Tula.
References
Towns in the Northern Territory
Indigenous Australian communities
Pintupi
1950s establishments in Australia
Cathedral Prep Events Center

The Cathedral Prep Events Center is an outdoor multi-purpose sports stadium in Erie, Pennsylvania. It is home to the Cathedral Prep Ramblers. The field name is Dollinger Field. It has an official seating capacity of 1,800. That makes it the second largest football stadium in the City of Erie.
Buildings and structures in Pennsylvania
Stadiums in the United States
Erie, Pennsylvania
2010 establishments in the United States
2010s establishments in Pennsylvania
Knight and Day

Knight and Day is a 2010 American action comedy movie. Maggie Grace plays April. Cameron Diaz plays June.
This movie was released on June 23, 2010. The reviews were mixed. Its box office was also mixed.
2010 action movies
2010 comedy movies
2010s action comedy movies
2010s spy movies
American action comedy movies
American spy movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by James Mangold
20th Century Fox movies
Neuvillette, Somme

Neuvillette is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Houston County, Georgia

Houston County is a county in the center of the U.S. state of Georgia. In 2020, the population is 163,633. Its county seat is Perry.
References
1821 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia (U.S. state) counties
Scheibenhard

Scheibenhard is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Communes in Bas-Rhin