pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Passionate Pilgrim (movie)

The Passionate Pilgrim is a short 1984 feature movie. It starred Eric Morecambe, Tom Baker and Madeline Smith. It was Morecambe's last work. It was one of few that did not have his long-term partner Ernie Wise.
The movie takes the setting of a silent movie. Narration was done by John Le Mesurier of Dad's Army fame.
The movie is about a lord who lives in a castle, and his lady. The lady attracts the amorous attentions of the passionate pilgrim. The pilgrim tries to gain entry to the castle by any means possible. The lord tries many things in order to stop him.
The movie was made entirely on location at Hever Castle.
References
Other websites
Eric and Ern - Keeping The Magic Alive **Book, Film, TV Reviews, Interviews**
1984 movies
1980s comedy movies
British movies
English-language movies
Taymi Chappe

Taymi Chappe (11 September 1968 - 3 November 2020) was a Spanish fencer. She competed in the women's individual epee event at the 1996 Summer Olympics. She won gold in women's epee at the 1990 World Championships under the Cuban flag. She won a team gold at the 1994 World Championships and a bronze medal at the 1997 World Fencing Championships. Chappe was born in Havana.
Chappe died on 3 November 2020, aged 52.
References
1968 births
2020 deaths
Spanish Olympians
Sportspeople from Havana
Criollo people

The Criollos (singular: Criollo) were a social class in the caste system of the overseas colonies established by Spain in the 16th century, especially in Latin America. The name was used for people of pure or mostly Spanish blood, but who were born in the colony.
The Criollo class was seen as lower than the Peninsulares. Peninsulares were the people who lived in the colony, but were born in Spain. Criollos were higher status/rank than all other castes. Examples of other castes are people of mixed descent, Amerindians, and enslaved Africans.
The term Criollo is often translated into English as Creole. However, the word "creole" is also used for many ethnic groups around the world who have no historic connection to Spain or to any colonial system.
Criollos and the wars of independence
Until 1760, the Spanish colonies were ruled under laws designed by the Spanish Habsburgs. They gave the American provinces great independence. The situation changed with the Bourbon Reforms during the reign of Charles III.
Spain needed to get more money from its colonies for the European and global wars it was fighting so it could maintain the Spanish Empire. The Crown made the Penisulares more important, and they took over many administrative offices which had been filled by Criollos. At the same time, reforms by the Catholic Church reduced the roles and privileges of the lower ranks of the clergy, who were mostly Criollos.
By the 19th century, this unfair policy of the Spanish Crown and the examples of the American and French revolutions, led the Criollos to rebel against the Peninsulares. With increasing support of the other castes, they started to fight Spain in for independence (1809-1826).
References
Ethnic groups in South America
History of South America
16th-century establishments
Straw man

Straw man is a type of incorrect reasoning, in which a changed (usually exaggerated) version of someone else's argument is proved wrong, and it looks as if the real argument has been proved wrong.
Sometimes such an easy to disprove argument is simply invented. Straw man can be understood also as the mentioned argument itself. The name suggests a human figure made of straw that is easy to destroy.
The straw man argument can have many forms. The fallacy of attacking a straw man can also arise from an honest mistake.
Examples
An everyday conversation:
Alice: Taking a shower is beneficial.
Bob: But hot water may damage your skin.
Bob attacked the non-existing argument: . And because such an argument is obviously false, Alice might start believing that she is wrong because what Bob said was clearly true. But her real argument was not disproved, because she did not say anything about the temperature.
Alice: I didn't mean taking an extremely hot shower.
Alice noticed the trick and defended herself.
History
The origins of the term are unclear. An 1898 definition refers to men who stood outside courthouses with a straw in their shoe in order to indicate their willingness to be hired to give evidence in a court trial.
In the 1900 US presidential election campaign, the issue of Imperialism became a "straw man" issue when President McKinley accepted his party's nomination. Cartoonist William Allen Rogers focused on the destruction of this issue in a September issue of Harper's Weekly.
Gallery
References
Other websites
"Straw Man" at FallacyFiles.org
Logical fallacies
Benson & Hedges

Benson and Hedges were a cigarette manufacturer. The company were bought by the Gallaher Group The name became a brand of the Gallagher. The brand sponsored Formula One racing teams for many years.
In April 2007 Japan Tobacco bought the Gallaher Group.
Companies of Japan
Luis Fernández

Luis Fernandez (born 2 October 1959) is a former French football player. He has played for France national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1978/79||rowspan="8"|Paris Saint-Germain||rowspan="8"|Division 1||7||0
|-
|1979/80||17||2
|-
|1980/81||32||3
|-
|1981/82||35||1
|-
|1982/83||32||6
|-
|1983/84||35||2
|-
|1984/85||30||6
|-
|1985/86||37||9
|-
|1986/87||RC Paris||Division 1||26||2
|-
|1987/88||rowspan="2"|Matra Racing||rowspan="2"|Division 1||29||1
|-
|1988/89||4||0
|-
|1989/90||rowspan="4"|Cannes||rowspan="3"|Division 1||25||2
|-
|1990/91||36||1
|-
|1991/92||24||2
|-
|1992/93||Division 2||8||0
377||38
377||38
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1982||1||0
|-
|1983||7||1
|-
|1984||12||1
|-
|1985||6||1
|-
|1986||10||1
|-
|1987||4||0
|-
|1988||4||1
|-
|1989||0||0
|-
|1990||4||0
|-
|1991||5||1
|-
|1992||7||0
|-
!Total||60||6
|}
References
1959 births
Living people
French footballers
French football managers
RCD Espanyol managers
Charles Darwin's books

Charles Darwin wrote about twenty books, including the most famous book in biology, the Origin of Species. The books covered the natural history sciences, now called geology, palaeontology, zoology, botany, anthropology, psychology and evolutionary biology.
The Origin of Species is the most important single book in the biological sciences, and its main ideas are well-supported by modern research.
The Voyage of the Beagle (1839) and The Descent of Man (1871) are also highly important.
Several of the other books were also ground-breaking.
List of books
1838-43: Zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle: published between 1839 and 1843 in five Parts (and nineteen numbers) by various authors, edited and superintended by Charles Darwin, who contributed sections to two of the Parts:
1838: Part 1 No. 1 Fossil Mammalia, by Richard Owen (Preface and Geological introduction by Darwin)
1838: Part 2 No. 1 Mammalia, by George Robert Waterhouse (Geographical introduction and A notice of their habits and ranges by Darwin)
1839: Journal and Remarks (The Voyage of the Beagle)
1842: The structure and distribution of Coral Reefs
1844: Geological observations of volcanic islands
1846: Geological observations on South America
1849: Geology from A manual of scientific enquiry; prepared for the use of Her Majesty's Navy: and adapted for travellers in general. ed. John Herschel.
1851: A Monograph of the Sub-class Cirripedia, with figures of all the species. The Lepadidae; or, Pedunculated Cirripedes. Living barnacles.
1854: A Monograph of the Sub-class Cirripedia, with figures of all the species. The Balanidae (or Sessile Cirripedes); the Verrucidae, etc.
1851: A Monograph on the Fossil Lepadidae, or, Pedunculated Cirripedes of Great Britain. Fossil barnacles.
1854: A Monograph on the Fossil Balanidae and Verrucidae of Great Britain
1859: On the Origin of Species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life
1862: On the various contrivances by which British and foreign Orchids are fertilised by insects (Fertilisation of Orchids)
1865: On the movements and habits of climbing plants (Linnean Society paper, published in book form in 1875)
1868: The variation of animals and plants under domestication
1871: The Descent of Man, and selection in relation to sex
1872: The expression of emotions in Man and animals
1875: Insectivorous plants
1876: The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom
1877: The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species
1880: The power of movement in plants
1881: The formation of vegetable mould through the action of worms
References
Science books
19th-century books
Tomas Altamirano Duque

Tomas Altamirano Duque (9 September 1927 - 3 March 2021) was a Panamanian politician. He was the First Vice President of Panama from September 1, 1994 to September 1, 1999, under President Ernesto Perez Balladares. He was a member of the Democratic Revolutionary Party.
Altamirano Duque died in Panama City on 3 March 2021, aged 93.
References
1927 births
2021 deaths
Vice presidents
Panamanian politicians
Pygame

Pygame is a programming library for Python to make video games. It can do computer graphics and sound.
Other websites
Libraries
Computer programming
Mokena, Illinois

Mokena is a city in Illinois in the United States.
Cities in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
Raab

Raab is a market town in Upper Austria. The area of Raab is .
References
Settlements in Upper Austria
South Luzon Expressway

The South Luzon Expressway, more commonly known by its abbreviation SLEx or SLEX, is a controlled-access highway in the Philippines. It connects the National Capital Region (or Metro Manila) to the provinces of the southern part of Luzon, the main island in the country. Measuring 51 kilometers or 32 miles long, it starts at an intersection with Quirino Avenue in the district of Paco in Manila. It then passes through the settlements of Makati, Pasay, Paranaque, Taguig, and Valenzuela in the capital area and the provinces of Cavite and Laguna in Southern Luzon. It ends at an exit in the settlement of Santo Tomas in the province of Batangas, where it continues as Southern Tagalog Arterial Road (or better known as STAR Tollway).
Roads in the Philippines
Ovington

Ovington is a village and civil parish in Braintree district, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 54 people living in Ovington.
References
Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
Huntsman spider

Huntsman spider is a name given to the family Sparassidae (formerly Heteropodidae). They are also known as the giant crab spiders, due to the way they look. Larger ones, are also sometimes referred to as wood spiders, because they live in woody places (forest, mine shafts, woodpiles).
They are found in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Southeast Asia, the Mediterranean, Florida, and Hawaii, and possibly in many other tropical and semi-tropical regions. They can be found as far north as England, Sweden and Wales.
Huntsman spiders do not build webs, but hunt for food. They eat insects and other invertebrates.
The average huntsman spider is about 1 inch long with a leg span of up to 5 inches. The giant huntsman spider, however, has a leg span of up to 12 inches, making it the largest spider by diameter; it is often described as being "the size of a dinner plate."
References
Sparassidae
Synthetic fabric

Synthetic fabrics are fabrics manufactured in factories using chemical synthesis. They are also known as artificial or man-made fabrics. These include nylon, polyester, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and rayon. Synthetic fibers are made by the joining of monomers into polymers, by the process of polymerization.
References
Polymers
Fibers
Cloth
Islam in Assam

Islam is the second largest and fastest growing religion in Assam. Assam is also home to a large number of Indian Muslims. According to the 2011 census, 36% of Assam's population is Muslim. According to the more late estimates 2021, 42% of the population could be Muslim now. 12 out of 32 districts of Assam is now Muslim majority and 5 districts have high Muslim population concentration.
Related pages
Hinduism in Assam
Christianity in Assam
Assam
Assam
Tjunkaya Tapaya

Tjunkaya Tapaya (born 1947) is an Aboriginal Australian artist. She is most recognised for her batik work, and is one of the most well-known batik artists in Australia. Her works also include acrylic paintings, weaving, ceramics, wood carving and printmaking. Most of Tapaya's paintings depict places and events from her family's dreaming stories. Her batik work is of the classic Ernabella style, which eschews the Indonesian use of repeated block printed designs in favour of hand-drawn freehand designs or "walka". These "walka" are pure design and do not refer to, or contain reference to, dreamings or "tjukurpa".
Tjunkaya is a member of the Pitjantjatjara people. She was born in the desert in the far northwest of South Australia. Her mother had walked from Walytjitjata, in the Northern Territory, and arrived at Ernabella Mission at Pukatja or Ernabella shortly after Tjunkaya's birth. Ernabella was run by missionaries at the time, and Tjunkaya grew up there. The craft room at Ernabella Mission was established in 1948 and nurtured the artistic talents of Tjunkaya and other children and adults living on the Mission. The craft room taught spinning and weaving originally but later added batik and painting to its activities, and later still became a professionally run Aboriginal-owned incorporated arts enterprise known as Ernabella Arts after the Mission was closed and the land returned to its traditional Pitjantjatjara owners.
Like most early artists in her community, Tjunkaya's original style came from milpatjunanyi - an ancient Western Desert practice of drawing in the sand to tell stories to children. This is the basis of the classic Ernabella "walka".
Ernabella women began to be taught batik making in 1971. In 1974, Ernabella Arts sent Tjunkaya to Yogyakarta with several other Pitjantjatjara women to learn more about making batik from Indonesian artists.
Tjunkaya's work has been shown in several exhibitions in Australia, Europe, North America and Southeast Asia. Tapaya has work in the National Gallery of Victoria, the State Library of South Australia, the Queensland Gallery of Modern Art, the National Gallery of Australia, the National Museum of Australia, and the British Museum.
References
1947 births
Living people
Indigenous Australian artists
Australian painters
Artists from South Australia
Pitjantjatjara
Weavers
Textile artists
Australian printmakers
Ceramists
Shigeru Ban

is a Japanese architect. He was born in Tokyo.
In 2014, Ban won the Pritzker Prize.
References
Other websites
1957 births
Living people
Japanese architects
Pritzker Architecture Prize winners
People from Tokyo
North Dakota State Capitol

The North Dakota State Capitol is the house of government of the U.S. state of North Dakota.
The Capitol, a 21-story tower, is in Bismarck at 600 East Boulevard Avenue, on a campus that also houses many other government buildings and is the tallest habitable building in North Dakota. It is build in the Art Deco style. The original North Dakota capitol building was built in 1883-84, in a Romanesque Revival style made popular by the famous American architect H.H. Richardson. A stately structure, it caught fire and was completely destroyed in 1930.
State legislatures of the United States
Art Deco buildings
Bismarck, North Dakota
BAFTA Award for Best Original Music

The BAFTA Award for Best Original Music is annual award for movie composers. It is given by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts. It used to be called Anthony Asquith Award for Film Music.
John Williams and Hans Zimmer have the most nominations.
Winners and nominees
1960s
Anthony Asquith Award for Original Film Music
1970s
1980s
Best Original Film Music
Best Score for a Film
Best Original Film Score
1990s
Anthony Asquith Award for Film Music
2000s
Best Music
2010s
Best Original Music
2020s
Multiple nominations and wins
Multiple nominations
This list is incomplete. You can help by expanding it.
The following individuals have been nominated for the award multiple times:
Multiple wins
This list is incomplete. You can help by expanding it.
The following individuals have won the award multiple times:
References
BAFTA Awards
Kiyokazu Masuda

Kiyokazu Masuda (born 13 May 1987) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Arte Takasaki.
Club career statistics
|-
|2006||rowspan="3"|Vissel Kobe||J. League 2||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2007||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2008||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2008||TDK||Football League||17||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||18||0
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|Arte Takasaki||rowspan="2"|Football League||34||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||36||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
51||0||3||0||0||0||54||0
51||0||3||0||0||0||54||0
|}
References
1987 births
Living people
Footballers from Hyogo Prefecture
Rice People

Rice People () is a 1994 Cambodian French Swiss German drama movie directed by Rithy Panh and was based on the 1966 novel No Harvest But a Thorn by Shahnon Ahmad. It stars Peng Phan, Mom Soth, Chhim Naline, Sophy Sodany.
Other websites
1994 drama movies
Cambodian movies
French drama movies
Swiss movies
German drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Rithy Panh
Caprinae

Caprinae is a subfamily of the even-toed ungulate family Bovidae. Animals of the Caprinae subfamily are called caprid or goat-antelope.
The domestic sheep (Ovis aries) and domestic goat (Capra hircus) are part of this group.
Taxonomy
Subfamily Caprinae
Genus Pantholops
Tibetan antelope or Chiru (Pantholops hodgsonii)
Genus Capricornis
Genus Naemorhedus: Gorals
Himalayan goral, Naemorhedus goral
Long-tailed goral, Naemorhedus caudatus
Red goral, Naemorhedus baileyi
Chinese goral, Naemorhedus griseus
Genus Oreamnos
Mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus)
Genus Rupicapra
Chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra)
Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica)
Genus Myotragus
Myotragus balearicus +
Genus Budorcas
Takin (Budorcas taxicolor)
Genus Ovibos
Musk ox (Ovibos moschatus)
Genus Hemitragus
Himalayan tahr (Hemitragus jemlahicus)
Genus Nilgiritragus
Nilgiri tahr (Nilgiritragus hylocrius)
Genus Arabitragus
Arabian tahr (Arabitragus jayakiri)
Genus Capra
Wild goat (Capra aegagrus)
Alpine ibex (Capra ibex)
Walia ibex (Capra walie)
West Caucasian tur (Capra caucasica)
East Caucasian tur (Capra cylindricornis)
Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica)
Markhor (Capra falconeri)
Genus Pseudois
Bharal (Pseudois nayaur)
Dwarf blue sheep (Pseudois schaeferi)
Genus Ammotragus
Barbary sheep (Ammotragus lervia)
Genus Ovis
Images
Northwest Passage

The Northwest Passage is a sea passage along the north coast of North America, through the Arctic Ocean. Because of ice, the passage is usually closed to ships.
The Spanish Empire wanted to reach Asia by a western route, because Portugal controlled the eastern route around the Cape of Good Hope. Spain wanted to have a route that it could control. This caused most European countries to search for a possible route. Roald Amundsen was the first person to navigate the passage between 1903 and 1906.
Global warming is increasing the melting for the Passage.
Other websites
Northwest Passage Citizendium
Exploration
Arctic
Ivan Perišić

Ivan Perisic (born 2 February 1989) is a Croatian footballer. He currently plays for Inter Milan and the Croatian national team. He has also played beach volleyball at the 2017 FIVB Beach Volleyball World Tour.
Career statistics
Club
International
Scores and results list Croatia's goal tally first.
Honours
Club
Borussia Dortmund
Bundesliga: 2011-12
DFB-Pokal: 2011-12
VfL Wolfsburg
DFB-Pokal: 2014-15
DFL-Supercup: 2015
Bayern Munich
Bundesliga: 2019-20
DFB-Pokal: 2019-20
UEFA Champions League: 2019-20
International
FIFA World Cup runner-up: 2018
Individual
Belgian Pro League top goalscorer: 2010-11
Belgian Professional Footballer of the Year: 2010-11
Vatrena krila: 2014
Orders
Order of Duke Branimir with Ribbon: 2018
References
Other websites
1989 births
Croatian footballers
UEFA Euro 2012 players
2014 FIFA World Cup players
UEFA Euro 2016 players
2018 FIFA World Cup players
Living people
2022 FIFA World Cup players
Sportspeople from Split
Croatia at UEFA Euro 2012
Croatia at UEFA Euro 2016
Croatia at UEFA Euro 2020
Diego Lamas

Diego Bande (Orense, 1978) is a Galician editor, writer and historian of essays on contemporary music of the twentieth and twenty-first century. He is known for creating the first appbook about alternative music venues in the Old Town of Vigo and for recovering the 50 years of Vigo's music history.
Biography
In his literary beginnings, he published several books dealing with the subject of the classics of American music. In 2010, he edited "Cracks de la musica de los anos 50", followed by "Cracks de la musica de los anos 60", compiling the North American musical artists of the first half of the 20th century.
In 2011, he published "Gods of Rap and Hip-Hop" and "Gods of Grunge." In 2012, he changed register and created the first appbook about the alternative music venues in the Old Town of Vigo, which were the survivors of the socioeconomic crisis that occurred in that area for more than a decade.
In 2014, he published "La Movida despues de la Movida", the groups of the decades after the famous Vigo Movida of the 80s.
The same year, he launched "Los Mejores locales de Rock en Vigo", which brought together the most important alternative music establishments in the same city in the same edition. In "Los increibles 25 de mediados del 65" (2015) about guateque bands that emerged in Vigo during the Franquismo.
His most outstanding work was "50 anos de Rock en Vigo", which gathered 50 years of Vigo music in the same work with more than 150 pages.
References
Spanish historians
1978 births
Chislehurst

Chislehurst () is a suburban settlement in south-east London, England and part of the London Borough of Bromley.
Etymology
The name "Chislehurst" is derived from the Saxon words "cisel" meaning gravel and "hyrst" meaning wooded hill.
History
Camden Place (now Chislehurst Golf Club) is where the French Emperor Napoleon III died in exile in 1873. His body and that of the Prince Imperial were originally buried in St Mary's Church, before being moved to Farnborough Abbey. There is a monument to Napoleon Eugene in the woods, and the area's connections to the imperial family are found in many road names and in the local telephone code, 467, which in its earlier format corresponded to the letters IMP (imperial).
A local attraction is Chislehurst Caves. The caves are considered to be of very ancient origin. Originally they were used to extract flint and chalk. During World War II, thousands of people used them every night as a bomb shelter. There is even a chapel. A girl was born in the caves during World War II, and her name was "Cavina". The caves have also been used as a stage for live music; Jimi Hendrix, The Who and The Rolling Stones have played there. The caves are said to be haunted, and Druids are said to have made grisly human sacrifices in their depths. Several TV programmes and movies have been filmed there, including episodes of Doctor Who. Tours are available most days, and on Sundays there is an particularly long tour, lasting about an hour and a half.
The civil parish of Chislehurst formed an urban district of Kent from 1894 to 1934. In 1934 it became part of the Chislehurst and Sidcup Urban District, which was divided in 1965 between the London boroughs of Bromley and Bexley.
References
Areas of London
London Borough of Bromley
Muri, Aargau

Muri is a municipality of the district of Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.
It was best known for the Muri Abbey, which dissolved in 1841.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Aargau
Daniel Jervis

Daniel Owen Jervis is a swimmer from Wales. Daniel competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics. He was born on 9 June 1996.
References
Other websites
1996 births
Living people
British swimmers
British Olympians
Welsh sportspeople
Sarah Chalke

Sarah Louise Christine Chalke (born August 27, 1976) is a Canadian-American actress most famous for her role as "Elliot Reid" on Scrubs and "Becky Conner" on Roseanne and in the CBS comedy How I Met Your Mother, and The Powerpuff Girls.
She is engaged to lawyer Jamie Afifi, with whom she has a son, Charlie Rhodes Afifi, born December 24, 2009.
Filmography
References
1976 births
Canadian television actors
Actors from Ottawa
Living people
Canadian voice actors
Bouïra Province

Bouira is a province in Algeria. The capital is also Bouira.
Districts
The province has 12 districts. There are also 45 communes or municipalities.
Districts
Ain Bessem
Bechloul
Bir Ghbalou
Bordj Okhriss
Bouira
El Hachimia
Haizer
Kadiria
Lakhdaria
M'Chedellah
Souk El Khemis
Sour El Ghozlane
References
Provinces of Algeria
Kilakarai

Kilakarai (aka Keelakarai, Tamil - kiilllkkrai) is a panchayat town in Ramanathapuram district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
Towns in Ramanathapuram district
Humf

Humf is a USA-UK-Canada-India-Ireland animated series about a purple bear named Humf.
References
Animated television characters
Animated television series
Sunanda Pushkar

Sunanda Pushkar (nee Dass; 27 June 1962 - 17 January 2014) was an Indian and Canadian business person. She was the wife of Indian minister Shashi Tharoor. She was a sales manager in the Dubai-based TECOM Investments. She was also a co-owner of the India-based Rendezvous Sports World. Her born into a Kashmiri Pandit family.
Pushkar committed suicide by overdosing on sedatives, other strong medicines and probably alcohol on 17 January 2014 at a hotel in Chanakyapuri, New Delhi. She was 51 years old. She was outlived by her husband and children.
References
Other websites
1962 births
2014 deaths
Canadian businesspeople
Drug-related suicides
People from New Delhi
Lebanon, Ohio

Lebanon is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio. It is the county seat of Warren County.
It is most well known for being the home of Jeff Stacey, who was caught trying to have sex with an underage girl in a sting by Dateline NBC.
Cities in Ohio
County seats in Ohio
Prophylaxis

Prophylaxis is a Greek word and concept. It means any action taken to guard or prevent beforehand. The corresponding adjective is prophylactic.
Two parts
The concept of prophylaxis has two parts. First is forethought. A person has to realise the need first of all. Second is taking appropriate action.
Any failure of prophylaxis is a failure at either stage 1 or stage 2. Successful prophylaxis means one has anticipated and avoided some undesirable outcome.
Examples
Preventative medicine
Prophylaxis is the central idea in preventative medicine. People usually think medical treatment helps sick people to get healthy. Prophylactic treatment is helpful in a different way. Primary prophylaxis tries to stop healthy people from getting sick. Secondary prophylaxis tries to stop people who are sick from getting worse.
Birth control
Prophylaxis is also be used as a synonym for birth control. Condoms are prophylactic, because when used properly they can prevent pregnancy or sexually transmitted diseases.
Related pages
Health care
Prophylaxis (chess)
Vaccine
Medicine
Book of Mormon

The Book of Mormon is a book that Latter Day Saints believe is the word of God along with the Bible.
The original English version of the Book of Mormon was published in March 1830 by a man named Joseph Smith, Jr. who said he was a prophet like the ones in the Old Testament.
Joseph Smith claimed that the record originated from gold plates that he was guided to find by an angel, and then used a spiritual gift from God to translate the book into English. The book says that the language it was first written in was made from "the learning of the Jews and the language of the Egyptians."
The story that is in the Book of Mormon is a shortened version written by a man named Mormon of the story of two groups of people called the Nephites and the Lamanites. Their ancestors left Jerusalem with their father Lehi about 600 years before the birth of Christ, sailed across a very big ocean, and came to live in the New World. It gives a story of their families, cities, wars, systems of government, spiritual experiences and religious beliefs among other things. The main purpose of the Book of Mormon is to teach about Jesus Christ.
It also contains the Book of Ether (a very old book discovered by the Nephites) which told the story of another people (called the Jaredites) who had lived in some of the same areas shortly after the time of the Tower of Babel, but died out because of wars.
Usually, Book of Mormon stories show the Nephites as the more righteous, industrious and peaceful people and the Lamanites as wicked, lazy and warlike. Wars happen all the time between the two groups. But, near the end of the book, the Nephites become more wicked than the Lamanites, and all the Nephites die in their last war, except for one named Moroni who was directed by God to bury the Book of Mormon in a hill so that Joseph Smith Jr. could find it.
The central theme of the book revolves around Jesus Christ visiting the people described, performing miracles and showing them the right way to live.
Other websites
Book of Mormon at Scriptures.lds.org
Book of Mormon Online
Mormonism
Religious texts
1830s books
George Freese

George Walter Freese (September 12, 1926 - July 27, 2014) was an American baseball player. He was third baseman in Major League Baseball. He played for the Detroit Tigers in 1953, Pittsburgh Pirates in 1955 and Chicago Cubs in 1961. Freese attended West Virginia University, where he played college baseball for the Mountaineers in 1947.
He was later a member of the Cubs coaching staff from 1964 to 1965 and a minor league manager for the Bakersfield Dodgers in 1973-1974.
The older brother of MLB third baseman Gene Freese, George Freese lived in Portland, Oregon, where he played three years of minor league baseball for the Portland Beavers. He was inducted into the Oregon Sports Hall of Fame in 2008.
Freese died in Portland, Oregon, aged 87.
References
Other websites
Obituary
1926 births
2014 deaths
American baseball players
Detroit Lions players
Pittsburgh Pirates players
Chicago Cubs players
People from Wheeling, West Virginia
Sportspeople from West Virginia
Valentin Uritescu

Valentin Uritescu (; 4 June 1941 - 17 June 2022) was a Romanian actor. He was best known for his roles in The Conjugal Bed and The Last Assault.
Uritescu died on 17 June 2022 in Bucharest, Romania from problems caused by Parkinson's disease, aged 81.
References
1941 births
2022 deaths
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Romanian movie actors
Romanian television actors
Romanian stage actors
Family Dollar

Family Dollar is an American variety store chain in the United States. Family Dollar is headquartered in Matthews, a suburb of Charlotte, North Carolina. The chain employs 1,400 people.
References
Other websites
1959 establishments in the United States
Pietro Scandelli

Pietro Scandelli (16 October 1941 - 5 October 2020) was an Italian racing cyclist. He won stage 21 of the 1966 Giro d'Italia. He was born in Crema, Italy.
Scandelli died on 5 October 2020 in Crema at the age of 78.
References
1941 births
2020 deaths
Italian cyclists
Sportspeople from Lombardy
People from Crema, Lombardy
Archamps

Archamps is a commune. It is in Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Haute-Savoie department in southeast France.
Communes in Haute-Savoie
E-Type

Bosse Martin Erik Eriksson (born August 27, 1965) is a Swedish musician. He is better known by his stage name E-Type. He is in the techno/trance music genre. His songs include "Life" (cansis club mix).
Swedish musicians
1965 births
Living people
Weather map

A weather map is a tool. It shows facts about the weather quickly. Weather maps have been used from the mid-19th century, for study and for weather forecasting. Some maps show differences of temperature, and weather fronts.
A station model is a symbolic picture showing the weather at a reporting station. Meteorologists made the station model to put down many weather elements in a small space on weather maps. Maps thickly filled with station-model plots can be hard to read. However, they help meteorologists, pilots, and mariners to see important weather patterns. A computer draws a station model for every place of observation. The station model is mostly used for surface-weather maps. It can also be used to show the weather in the sky, though. A complete station-model map lets people study patterns in air pressure, temperature, wind, cloud cover, and precipitation.
History
People first began using weather charts in a modern way in the mid-19th century. They began using them to make a theory about storm systems. When a telegraph network developed by 1845, it was possible for people to collect information about the weather. They could get the information from many different places far away quickly enough for the information to be useful. In the 1840s, Joseph Henry took charge. He helped the Smithsonian Institution focus most of its observers on the center and the eastern part of the United States during the 1840s and 1860s. The U.S. Army Signal Corps kept up this network between 1870 and 1874 by an act of Congress. It later expanded to the Western United States.
At first, all the data on the map was not taken from these analyses. This was because there was not enough time standardization. People first tried to standardize time in Great Britain in 1855. The entire United States was not influenced by time zones (areas with different times) until 1906. This was when Detroit had made the standard time at last. Over all the earth, other countries began taking weather observations at the same time. This started in 1873.
References
Meteorology
Synagogue of Besançon

The synagogue of Besancon () is a synagogue in the French city of Besancon, Bourgogne-Franche-Comte. It was built in the center of the city between 1869 and 1871 by Pierre Manotte, and has a Moroccan style.
This Jewish shrine replaced an old flad that held everyone in Besancon, about 600 persons in the 1860s. The new building just can hold about 200 persons. All rites are Sephardi.
Related pages
Besancon
Jewish cemetery of Besancon
Synagogues
Buildings and structures in France
Judaism in France
Besancon
Organizations based in France
Altoona, Alabama

Altoona is a town in Alabama in the United States.
Towns in Alabama
Hans van der Hoek

Johannes Willem "Hans" van der Hoek (5 May 1933 - 4 February 2017) was a Dutch footballer. He was under contract at Feyenoord (1950-1960), SC Enschede (1960-1961), and ADO (1961-1962). He was born in Rotterdam, Netherlands.
van der Hoek died in Rotterdam, Netherlands on 4 February 2017, aged 83.
References
Other websites
Interlands van Hans van der Hoek op voetbalstats.nl
1933 births
2017 deaths
Footballers from Rotterdam
Jefferson County, Pennsylvania

Jefferson County is a county in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the population was 45,200. Its county seat is Brookville.
References
1830s establishments in Pennsylvania
1830 establishments in the United States
Pennsylvania counties
Ulrich Kienzle

Ulrich Kienzle (9 May 1936 - 16 April 2020) was a German journalist and author. He worked mainly in the area of politics and culture of the Middle East. He worked for many broadcasters, including German public television networks ARD and ZDF. He was one of few Western journalists to interview Muammar Gaddafi in the 1970s. He also interviewed Saddam Hussein in 1990. Kienzle also appeared in Frontal, a ZDF series of political discussions with broadcast journalist Bodo Hugo Hauser.
Kienzle was born in Neckargroningen, Remseck, Wurttemberg. He died on 16 April 2020 in Wiesbaden, Hesse. He was 82.
References
Other websites
1936 births
2020 deaths
German journalists
People from Baden-Wurttemberg
Alonsotegi

Alonsotegi is a municipality of 2,890 people (2020). It is in the province of Biscay in the autonomous community of the Basque Country in Spain.
Municipalities in the Basque Country
Kicksled

Kicksled is a vehicle that is used in winter time. The kicksled was invented in 1800s in Sweden.
Other websites
guide
Land transport
Orange, Connecticut

Orange is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. As of the 2020 census, 14,280 people lived there.
References
Other websites
Town of Orange official website
Orange Historical Society
Case Memorial Library
Towns in Connecticut
Fathom (movie)

Fathom is a 1967 British American action spy comedy movie directed by Leslie H. Martinson and was based on the unfinished novel by Larry Forrester. It stars Raquel Welch, Anthony Franciosa, Ronald Fraser, Richard Briers, Greta Chi, Ann Lancaster and was distributed by 20th Century Fox.
Other websites
1967 comedy movies
1960s action movies
1960s spy movies
British action movies
American action comedy movies
American spy movies
Movies based on books
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Leslie H. Martinson
Movies set in Spain
Gordon J. Brand

Gordon John Brand (6 August 1955 - 11 August 2020) was an English professional golfer.
Brand turned professional in 1976 and enjoyed full playing privileges on the European Tour for 20 years.
During his time on tour, he finished inside the top 30 on the Order of Merit seven times and inside the top 100 16 times.
His highest ranking came in 1986, fifth place, in which year he finished as runner-up to Greg Norman in the Open Championship at Turnberry. In 1981, he won the Tooting Bec Cup after posting a round of 65.
Brand died on 11 August 2020 at the age of 65, following a short illness.
References
People from Cambridge
British golfers
1955 births
2020 deaths
Hans Sleutelaar

Hans Sleutelaar (22 September 1935 - 25 June 2020) was a Dutch poet. Together with Cornelis Bastiaan Vaandrager and Hans Verhagen, Sleutelaar was one of the , a Dutch term talking about the literary movement in the 1960s. Together with Eelke de Jong, Sleutelaar collected 500 fairytales in the collection .
Among other things, Sleutelaar worked as a junior copywriter at Unilever, as a freelance copywriter, as a Haagse Post employee and as editor-in-chief of publisher Boelen. He had his own publishing company from 1985 to 2000.
Sleutelaar died on 25 June 2020 in Rotterdam, aged 84.
References
1935 births
2020 deaths
Dutch translators
Writers from Rotterdam
Sant Joan les Fonts

Sant Joan les Fonts is a municipality of 3,054 people (2022). It is in the province of Girona in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain.
References
Municipalities in Catalonia
2022–23 FC Bayern Munich season

The 2022-23 season is scheduled to be the 124th in the history of FC Bayern Munich and their 58th consecutive season in the top flight. The club will participate in Bundesliga, DFB-Pokal, DFL-Supercup and UEFA Champions League.
Players
Squad
Transfers
In
Out
Transfer summary
Undisclosed fees are not included in the transfer totals.
Expenditure
Summer: EUR120,500,000
Winter: EUR00,000,000
Total: EUR120,500,000
Income
Summer: EUR74,300,000
Winter: EUR0,000,000
Total: EUR72,300,000
Net totals
Summer: EUR46,200,000
Winter: EUR0,000,000
Total: EUR46,200,000
Pre-season and friendlies
Competitions
Overall record
Bundesliga
League table
Results summary
Results by round
Matches
DFB-Pokal
DFL-Supercup
UEFA Champions League
The group stage draw will be held on 25 August 2022.
Notes
References
2022 in association football
2023 in association football
Football in Germany
FC Bayern Munich seasons
2022 in European sport
2023 in European sport
2022 in Germany
Sanpei Shirato

, known by the pen name , was a Japanese manga artist and essayist. He was known for his social criticism.
He died on October 8, 2021 at the age of 89 from pneumonia.
References
1932 births
2021 deaths
Japanese manga artists
Essayists
Writers from Tokyo
Deaths from pneumonia
Jennifer Hudson

Jennifer Kate Hudson (born September 12, 1981 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American Academy and Grammy Award-winning singer and actress. She gained fame on American Idol. She is the most successful American Idol contestant who did not win.
She went on to star as Effie White in the 2006 motion picture musical Dreamgirls. Her awards include an Oscar, a Golden Globe, a BAFTA, and a SAG Award. She is native to Chicago, Illinois. Hudson is married to WWE professional wrestler, David Otunga.
Hudson worked as a coach on the UK and US versions of The Voice from 2017 to 2019, becoming the first female coach to win The Voice UK.
In 2020, she starred as Aretha Franklin in Respect.
References
Other websites
1981 births
Living people
Actors from Chicago
African American actors
African American musicians
American movie actors
American R&B singers
American soul musicians
American stage actors
Singer-songwriters from Chicago
Models from Chicago
American Idol contestants
Best Supporting Actress Academy Award winners
Emmy Award winning actors
Grammy Award winners
Tony Award winning actors
Roberta Rodrigues

Roberta de Souza Rodrigues (born October 20, 1982) is a Brazilian actress and singer. She began her career in 2002 in the movie City of God and gained prominence in some telenovelas such as Mulheres Apaixonadas in 2003, Salve Jorge in 2012 and A Regra do Jogo in 2015, Roberta dated Thiago Martins.
Rodrigues was born in Rio de Janeiro.
Filmography
References
Other websites
Roberta Rodrigues on AdoroCinema Brasileiro.
1982 births
Living people
Brazilian actors
Brazilian singers
Mulegns

Mulegns was a municipality of the district Albula in the canton of Graubunden in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2016, the former municipalities of Mulegns, Bivio, Cunter, Marmorera, Riom-Parsonz, Salouf, Savognin, Sur and Tinizong-Rona merged into the new municipality of Surses.
Former municipalities of Graubunden
Betta splendens

Betta splendens is a species of freshwater fish in the genus Betta. Bettas are also called betta fish or Siamese fighting fish. They are called Siamese fighting fish because people used to make them fight each other. Betta splendens are native to Thailand. They are a popular aquarium fish species. They are known for their interesting behavior, bright colors, and ability to breathe air.
In the wild
In the wild, bettas live in rice paddies, canals, and small rivers.
Betta splendens is listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. This means that Betta splendens may become endangered soon.
Appearance
Males are more colorful and usually have larger fins than the females. There are many color patterns and fin types of Betta splendens. Female bettas have a more pointy shape at their stomachs.
Betta splendens can be up to 6.5 centimeters long.
Breeding
The Siamese fighting fish has been bred to have large and colorful fins. Wild Betta splendens do not have bright colors. Bettas are a popular aquarium fish. They are known for their interesting behavior and ability to breath air.
A popular fin type is the veiltail, which has long droopy fins that look like a dress. Red and blue are the most common colors in betta fish. Some people think that white, black, and green bettas are rare. Before a male Betta splendens begins to mate with a female, the male betta will create a nest of bubbles by blowing mucus-coated bubbles towards the surface of the water.
Behavior
If betta fish are kept in a small area, the males will fight each other. Bettas will also nip (bite) the fins of some fish. If a male betta engages with an opponent male, the betta will make his fins flare up, position his gill covers outwards, and move his tail in a lateral beating movement. They can also get aggressive if they see their own reflection.
References
Teleosts
Freshwater fish
Aquarium fish
Steve Dunleavy

Stephen Francis Patrick Aloysius Dunleavy (January 21, 1938 - June 24, 2019) was an Australian-born American journalist. He was born in Sydney. Dunleavy was best known as a columnist for the New York Post from 1976 to 2008. He was a lead reporter on the tabloid television program A Current Affair in the 1980s and 1990s.
Dunleavy died at his home in Long Island, New York on June 24, 2019 at the age of 81.
References
Other websites
Dunleavy's column in the New York Post
"The King of Sleaze" , GQ
"Hard-Hitting Newsman" , Entertainment Weekly, September 25, 1992
Video: Steve Dunleavy journalism master class 1-6
1938 births
2019 deaths
American television news anchors
Australian journalists
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Writers from Sydney
Journalists from New York City
Villeneuve-Frouville

Villeneuve-Frouville is a commune. It is in Centre-Val de Loire in the Loir-et-Cher department in central France.
References
Communes in Loir-et-Cher
Messier catalogue

The Messier Catalogue is a list of astronomical objects made by French astronomer Charles Messier in 1771. Messier was a comet hunter, and was annoyed by fuzzy objects which were not comets. He put together a list of these objects, with his assistant Pierre Mechain.
The list uses numbers with an 'M' in front. Messier was limited by the objects he could see from France, so the list is incomplete by today's standards. It remains popular because people have used it for centuries and they are familiar with it.
The first edition covered 45 objects numbered M1 to M45. The total list published by Messier finally contained 103 objects, and the list was made up to 110 by modern astronomers working from Messier's notes..
Other catalogues exist, most notably the New General Catalogue.
Items on the list
Almost all the items are either star clusters or nebulae. There are only three galaxies in the first fifty, starting with Andromeda at M31. Individual stars are not listed. The first ten in the list are:
M1: NGC 1952 Crab nebula, a supernova remnant
M2: NGC 7089 a globular cluster
M3: NGC 5272 a globular cluster
M4: NGC 6121 a globular cluster
M5: NGC 5904 a globular cluster
M6: NGC 6405 Butterfly cluster, an open cluster
M7: NGC 6475 Ptolemy cluster, an open cluster
M8: NGC 6523 Lagoon nebula, a nebula with a cluster
M9: NGC 6333 a globular cluster
M10: NGC 6254 a globular cluster
References
Astronomical catalogues
The Color of Pomegranates

The Color of Pomegranates is a 1969 Soviet drama movie directed by Sergei Parajanov. It stars Sofiko Chiaureli, Melkon Aleksanyan, and Vilen Galstyan.
Actors
Sofiko Chiaureli - Poet as a Youth/Poet's Love/Poet's Muse/Mime/Angel of Resurrection
Melkon Aleksanyan - Poet as a child (as Melkon Alekyan)
Vilen Galstyan - Poet in the cloister
Giorgi Gegechkori - Poet as an old man
Spartak Bagashvili - Poet's father
Medea Japaridze - Poet's mother
References
Other websites
Soviet movies
1969 movies
Soviet drama movies
Depeche Mode

Depeche Mode is an English band. They formed in Basildon, Essex in 1980. The band's name was taken from French fashion magazine, Depeche mode, which means "fashion update" or "fashion news dispatch". Depeche Mode became famous in the 1980s. The band has sold over 100 million records around the world.
Depeche Mode were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2020.
Depeche Mode has two current members: Dave Gahan and Martin Gore.
Discography
Speak & Spell (1981)
A Broken Frame (1982)
Construction Time Again (1983)
Some Great Reward (1984)
Black Celebration (1986)
Music for the Masses (1987)
Violator (1990)
Songs of Faith and Devotion (1993)
Ultra (1997)
Exciter (2001)
Playing the Angel (2005)
Sounds of the Universe (2009)
Delta Machine (2013)
Spirit (2017)
Memento Mori (2023)
Other websites
The official Depeche Mode website
Depeche Mode International (Official Fan Club on Smule)
1980 establishments in England
1980s British music groups
1990s British music groups
2000s British music groups
2010s British music groups
2020s British music groups
English rock bands
Musical groups established in 1980
Musical groups from Essex
New wave bands
Sara Telek

Sara Telek (born 8 August 1988) is an Austrian football match official.
Telek is since 2013 referee of the Women Bundesliga She was selected to become an assistant referee at UEFA Women's Euro 2022.
References
Sportswomen
Living people
1988 births
Football referees
Sportspeople from Vienna
Cellio

Cellio is a frazione of Cellio con Breia in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region of Piedmont.
References
Former municipalities of Piedmont
Love Child (2011 movie)

Love Child () is a 2011 Dominican Republican Puerto Rican drama movie directed by Leticia Tonos and starring Frank Perozo, Julietta Rodriguez, Victor Checo, Andres Ramos, Gastner Legerme, Kalent Zaiz.
Other websites
2011 drama movies
Dominican Republic movies
Puerto Rican movies
Movies set in the Dominican Republic
Movies set in Puerto Rico
Movies directed by Leticia Tonos