pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Tang dynasty

The Tang dynasty () (18 June 618 - 4 June 907) was an imperial dynasty of China. It came after the Sui Dynasty and was followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. It was founded by the Li (Li ) family, who came to power during the fall of the Sui Empire. The dynasty was interrupted for a short time by the Zhou dynasty (Zhou ) (16 October 690 - 3 March 705) founded by Empress Wu Zetian who managed to claim the throne, becoming the first and only Chinese Empress.
The Tang Dynasty, with its capital at Chang'an (today Xi'an), was the biggest city in the world at the time. It is considered by historians as a high point in Chinese civilization--maybe even greater than the earlier Han Dynasty--as well as a golden age of cosmopolitan culture.
Empress Wu, the first woman to ever rule in China, was also included in the Tang Dynasty. Her methods were sometimes vicious, but she was very intelligent and talented.
Other websites
The Tang Dynasty at the Metropolitan Museum of Art
Home of 300 Tang Poems, University of Virginia
The Tang Dynasty at AsianSpiritGallery
References
Chinese dynasties
7th-century establishments in Asia
10th-century disestablishments in Asia
618 establishments
907 disestablishments
Alexey Pajitnov

Alexey Leonidovich Pajitnov (born April 16, 1955) is a Russian computer engineer who lives in the United States. He is best known for creating the popular video game Tetris. He was born in Moscow, USSR.
Pajitnov created Tetris in 1985. The game was first sold in the Soviet Union. In 1986, the game began being sold in the West. Since then, it has become a very successful series. In 1996, he started The Tetris Company, which owns the trademark to Tetris.
In 1996, GameSpot named him the fourth most influential computer game developer of all time.
References
Other websites
Alexey Pajitnov profile at MobyGames
Tetris - From Russia with Love , BBC documentary
Video game designers
People from Moscow
1956 births
Living people
Kersti Kaljulaid

Kersti Kaljulaid (born 30 December 1969) is an Estonian politician. She was the fifth President of Estonia, in office from 10 October 2016 until 11 October 2021. She is the first female head of state of Estonia and the youngest ever President, age 46 at the time of her election.
She ran for a second term in 2021, however she did not get enough MP support to become a candidate in the election.
References
1969 births
Living people
Presidents of Estonia
Bart's Not Dead

"Bart's Not Dead" is the first episode of the 30th season of The Simpsons. It was first shown on television on September 30, 2018. In the episode, Bart Simpson pretends that he saw Jesus while at a hospital. A Christian filmmaker wants to make a movie about what Bart saw. Bart then feels very guilty because he had lied.
This episode won an award at the 71st Writers Guild of America Awards.
References
The Simpsons (season 30) episodes
2018 television episodes
Dae Jung-sang

Dae Jung-sang, also called Qiqi Zhongxiang or Geolgeol Jungsang (, ? - 698), was a Goguryeo soldier. He was the father of Dae Jo-yeong, founder of the Kingdom of Balhae.
Year of birth unknown
698 deaths
Korean military people
Korean monarchs
BLS AG

BLS AG is a Swiss train company. It was founded in 2006.
Other websites
BLS AG official website
2006 establishments in Switzerland
Transport companies of Switzerland
Railway companies
Megumi Yokota

(born 5 October 1964) is a Japanese woman. She was kidnapped by a North Korean agent in 1977, when she was a thirteen-year-old junior high school student.
She was one of at least seventeen Japanese citizens kidnapped by North Korea in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
The North Korean government said that they kidnapped Yokota, but also said that she died in captivity. Yokota's parents and others in Japan believe that she is still alive in North Korea.
On September 19, 2017, President of the United States Donald Trump, in a speech to the United Nations General Assembly, included Yokota in a series of accusations against the North Korean government.
Related pages
List of people who disappeared mysteriously: 1910-1990
References
1964 births
Missing people
Japanese people
Equuleus

Equuleus is a constellation in the northern sky.
Constellations
2022 Nord Stream gas leaks

The 2022 Nord Stream gas leaks were a series of explosions and underwater gas leaks that happened on the Nord Stream 1 and Nord Stream 2 natural gas pipelines on 26 September 2022. Both pipeline pairs were built to transport natural gas from Russia to Germany through the Baltic Sea.
The leaks happened as the Baltic Pipe was being opened for natural gas to come in from the North Sea through Denmark to Poland. It is believed that the gas leaks and explosion was caused by intentional sabotage.
Background
In 2021, Russia was one of the largest suppliers of natural gas to the countries that are members of the European Union. The United States has been a powerful opponent of both Nord Stream pipelines.
References
2022 disasters in Europe
2020s in Denmark
September 2022 events
Baltic Sea
Twink Caplan

Twink Caplan (born 25 December 1947) is an American actress. She played Rona in the first two Look Who's Talking movies. She also played Miss Geist in the 1995 movie Clueless.
The actress was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
References
Actors from Pittsburgh
American television actors
American movie actors
1947 births
Living people
Kevin Greene (American football)

Kevin Darwin Greene (July 31, 1962 - December 21, 2020) was an American professional football player. He was a linebacker and defensive end for the Los Angeles Rams, Pittsburgh Steelers, Carolina Panthers, and San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL) from 1985 through 1999.
He was also an outside linebackers coach for the Green Bay Packers from 2009 through 2013 and the New York Jets from 2017 through 2018.
He was a three-time All-Pro and was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2016.
Greene died on December 21, 2020 in Destin, Florida, at the age of 58.
References
1962 births
2020 deaths
Los Angeles Rams players
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Carolina Panthers players
San Francisco 49ers players
American football coaches
American football linebackers
People from Schenectady, New York
Sportspeople from New York City
Sportspeople from Illinois
Hans Sloane

Sir Hans Sloane, 1st Baronet, PRS (16 April, 1660 - 11 January, 1753) was an Ulster-Scot physician and collector. He donated his collection to the British nation. This collection became the beginning of the British Museum. He also created milk chocolate. Sloane Square in London is named for him.
People from County Down
1660 births
1773 deaths
Irish scientists
British medical doctors
Mount Curdie

Mount Curdie is a mountain in the Northern Territory of Australia. It is 958 metres high. It is the highest peak in the Curdie Range, which is a section of the Petermann Ranges. The mountain is located on the southern bank of the Hull River, about southeast of Kaltukatjara. The Great Central Road passes nearby to the north. At the base of the mountain is the valley through which the Hull River flows. The valley contains a place known to local Aboriginal people as Tjunti, where Lasseter's Cave is located.
Ernest Giles named Mount Curdie on 13 March 1874, during his first journey through the Petermann Ranges. He named it after Dr Daniel Curdie, a subscriber to Giles' fund for his expedition. After climbing to the top of Mount Curdie, Giles also gave names to other peaks in the Petermann Ranges, including Mounts Fagan and Miller further to the east.
References
Mountains of the Northern Territory
Forza Motorsport 3

Forza Motorsport 3 is a realistic simulation driving video game. It was released for Xbox 360 in 2009.
Racing video games
Xbox 360 games
2009 video games
Chamber (firearms)

The chamber is that part of a firearm into which the cartridge is loaded. The chamber is also the place the cartridge is fired from. In a breech-loading weapon the chamber is directly behind and in line with the barrel. Most rifles and pistols have a single chamber. To chamber a round means to load a cartridge into the chamber.
A revolver has multiple chambers contained in a revolving cylinder. The typical number is six, which is the reason for the nickname Six Shooter and indicates the cylinder has six chambers each holding one cartridge.
Semi-automatic weapons
In a semi-automatic firearm the weapon can fire a bullet each time the trigger is pulled (until the magazine is empty). A semi-automatic firearm can be a pistol, rifle, or shotgun. Each time the trigger is pulled, the gun fires, the spent shell is ejected and a new round is loaded into the chamber. The semi-automatic is a very popular choice for sporting use.
Semi-automatic pistols and rifles use the pressure of the fired cartridge to move the slide backwards. A fraction of a second later, the slide moves forward loading a fresh cartridge into the chamber. The magazine uses a spring to feed one cartridge at a time into the chamber.
Fully automatic weapons
Fully-automatic firearms are those that automatically reload and fire again repeatedly as long as their triggers are depressed and they still have ammunition in their magazines. Fully automatic weapons are not for sporting use but are used by police and militaries. An assault rifle is "a gun that can shoot many bullets quickly and that is designed for use by the military". Like semiautomatic firearms, automatics have a single chamber.
Manual loading weapons
A manually loaded firearm is one in which the chamber is loaded by hand each time the weapon is fired. For example, a Bolt action rifle ejects the spent cartridge when the bolt is pulled back, then loads another cartridge into the chamber when the bolt pushed forward (and locked).
A lever action rifle does the same thing when the lever is moved down (ejects the spent cartridge), then up (loads a new round in the chamber). There are also single shot pistols, rifles and shotguns in which the breech is opened to eject a spent shell, then the shooter loads a round into the chamber manually.
A popular type of manually loaded firearms for sporting and hunting use is the pump action shotgun. Here, a sliding handle (usually located under the barrel) is moved backwards to eject the spent shotgun shell, then when moved forward it loads a fresh shotgun shell from a tubular magazine.
Notes
References
Firearm components
Fernando Sebastián Aguilar

Fernando Sebastian Aguilar CMF (14 December 1929 - 24 January 2019) was a Spanish cardinal. He was born in Calatayud, Spain. He was Bishop of Leon from 1979 to 1983 and Archbishop of Pamplona and Tudela from 1983 to 2007.
Sebastian Aguilar died from complications of a stroke on 24 January 2019 in Malaga, Spain, aged 89.
References
Other websites
Fernando Sebastian Aguilar
1929 births
2019 deaths
Spanish cardinals
Spanish Roman Catholic archbishops
The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz

The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz is a 1974 Canadian comedy drama movie directed by Ted Kotcheff and was based on the 1959 novel of the same name by Mordecai Richler. It stars Richard Dreyfuss, Micheline Lanctot, Jack Warden, Randy Quaid, Joseph Wiseman, Denholm Elliott and was nominated for an Academy Award in 1975.
Other websites
1974 comedy-drama movies
Canadian comedy movies
Canadian drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Ted Kotcheff
Paramount Pictures movies
Movies set in Quebec
Movies set in Montreal
J. Warren Keifer

Joseph Warren Keifer (January 30, 1836 - April 22, 1932) was a major general during the Spanish-American War. He was a U.S. politician during the 1880s. He served in the United States House of Representatives as a Republican from Ohio from 1877 to 1885 and from 1905 to 1911. From 1881 to 1883 he was Speaker of the House.
1836 births
1932 deaths
Speakers of the United States House of Representatives
Tony Barber

Anthony Ferraro Louis Barber (born 28 March 1940) is an English-Australian television game show host, radio announcer and singer. He was born in Oldham, Lancashire. His career began in 1961. In 1973, he won a Logie Award. He is known for hosting Sale of the Century.
References
1940 births
Living people
Naturalised citizens of Australia
English television personalities
English television presenters
English radio personalities
Australian television presenters
Australian radio personalities
Singers from Lancashire
Entertainers from Western Australia
Magnetopause

The magnetopause is the border between a magnetosphere and the surrounding plasma. For planetary science, the magnetopause is the border between the planet's magnetic field and the solar wind. The location of the magnetopause is figured out by the balance between the pressure of the dynamic planetary magnetic field and the energetic pressure of the solar wind. As the solar wind pressure increases and decreases, the magnetopause moves inward and outward in response. Waves (ripples and flapping movement) along the magnetopause move in the direction of the solar wind flow in response to small-scale different versions in the solar wind pressure and to Kelvin-Helmholtz instability.
The solar wind is supersonic and passes through a bow shock where the direction of flow is changed so that most of the solar wind plasma is pushed-aside to either side of the magnetopause, much like water is pushed-aside before the bow of a ship. The zone of shocked solar wind plasma is the magnetosheath. At Earth and all the other planets with built-in magnetic fields, some solar wind plasma succeeds in entering and becoming trapped within the magnetic field around the Earth. At Earth, the solar wind plasma which enters the magnetic field around the Earth forms the plasma sheet. The amount of solar wind plasma and energy that enters the magnetic field around the Earth is controlled by the direction of pointing of the interplanetary magnetic field, which is deeply set within the solar wind.
The Sun and other stars with magnetic fields and stellar winds have a solar magnetopause or heliopause where the stellar environment is regional by the interstellar environment.
References
Astrophysics
Solar System
Crazy Nights

Crazy Nights is a studio album by the American hard rock/heavy metal band Kiss. It was released on September 18, 1987. "Crazy Crazy Nights" was the first song released from the album. It reached #4 in the UK.
Track listing
Crazy Crazy Nights
I'll Fight Hell To Hold You
Bang Bang You
No, No, No
Hell Or High Water
My Way
When Your Walls Come Down
Reason To Live
Good Girl Gone Bad
Turn On The Night
Thief In The Night
Kiss (band) albums
1987 albums
Haut-Lieu

Haut-Lieu is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 394 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Esther (1986 movie)

Esther (Hebrew: Astr) is a 1986 Israeli Dutch Austrian British drama movie directed by first time director Amos Gitai and starring Simone Benyamini, Zare Vartanian, Mohammad Bakri, Juliano Mer-Khamis, Rim Banna, Fouad Awad.
Other websites
1986 drama movies
Israeli movies
Dutch drama movies
Austrian drama movies
1980s British drama movies
Movies based on the Bible
Movies about antisemitism
Movies set in Iran
Movies directed by Amos Gitai
Point Place, Louisiana

Point Place is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, United States. Point Place is the suburb of Natchitoches.
References
Census-designated places in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana
Interstate 15 in California

Interstate 15 and California State Route 15 is a connector from Interstate 8 to Interstate 5 in San Diego, California. It is a short, 7 mile connector.
15
Roads in California
San Bernardino County, California
San Diego County, California
Riverside County, California
Take Me Out to the Ball Game

"Take Me Out to the Ball Game" is a 1908 Tin Pan Alley song. The words were written by Jack Norworth. The music was written by Albert Von Tilzer. Neither of the writers had been to a baseball game. The song has become the unofficial anthem of baseball.
The chorus is traditionally sung during the seventh-inning stretch of a baseball game. Fans are generally encouraged to sing along. At some ballparks, the words "home team" are replaced with the team name, as is the case with the Houston Astros, San Francisco Giants, Pittsburgh Pirates, Boston Red Sox, Chicago Cubs, Chicago White Sox, Milwaukee Brewers, Philadelphia Phillies, Toronto Blue Jays, Miami Marlins, Colorado Rockies, Detroit Tigers and several other Major League Baseball teams.
The first recorded version of the song was made by Edward Meeker. Meeker's recording was selected by the Library of Congress as a 2010 addition to the National Recording Registry. The Registry picks recordings once a year that are "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Words
Notes
Baseball
20th-century songs
Bugarach

Bugarach is a commune of 228 people (2017). It is in the Occitanie in the Aude department in south France.
Communes in Aude
San Miguel Department (El Salvador)

San Miguel is a department in the eastern part of El Salvador. The capital city is also named San Miguel.
Municipalities
Carolina
Chapeltique
Chinameca
Chirilagua
Ciudad Barrios
Comacaran
El Transito
Lolotique
Moncagua
Nueva Guadalupe
Nuevo Eden de San Juan
Quelepa
San Antonio
San Gerardo
San Jorge
San Luis de la Reina
San Miguel
San Rafael
Sesori
Uluazapa
Departments of El Salvador
19th-century establishments in El Salvador
1820s establishments in North America
1824 establishments
Churro

Churros are fried-dough pastry-based snacks, sometimes made from potato dough, that originated in Portugal. They are popular in Latin America, France, Portugal, the United States, and Spanish-speaking Caribbean islands. There are two types of churros in Spain. One is long and fat (porra), and the other, extra popular in Madrid, is thin and has knots. They are both eaten for breakfast or as a treat with chocolate or sugar.
Desserts
Sweet breads
Argentine food
Filipino culture
French food
Mexican food
New Mexico
Paraguay
Portuguese food
Spanish food
South American foods
Meana Sardo

Meana Sardo (Meana) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,813 people lived there. Its area is 73.8 km2. It is 588 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Rafinha (footballer, born 1987)

Rafael dos Santos de Oliveira (born 30 June 1987) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Thespa Kusatsu.
Club career statistics
|-
|2007||Avispa Fukuoka||J. League 2||2||0||0||0||2||0
|-
|2010||Thespa Kusatsu||J. League 2||||||||||||
2||0||0||0||2||0
2||0||0||0||2||0
|}
References
Thespa Kusatsu
1987 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Hangest-en-Santerre

Hangest-en-Santerre is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Bengali script

The Bengali script or Bengali alphabet is used to write the Indian languages: Bengali (baaNlaa), Assamese (asmiiy'aa).
Languages of Bangladesh
Höfner 500/1

The Hofner 500/1 Violin Bass (also called the "Beatle bass" or "Cavern bass") is an electric bass guitar made by Hofner since 1955. It became very popular in the 1960s when Paul McCartney of The Beatles started using it.
History
In 1955, Walter Hofner made a semi-acoustic electric bass, that was made to be light. It was also made to sound like a double bass. It was first shown at the Frankfurt Music Fair in 1956. Paul McCartney bought a Hofner 500/1 in 1961 while in Hamburg. It would become his main bass for the rest of his career. McCartney using the bass made it very popular and Hofner still make the bass because of this.
References
Notes
Bass guitars
Kumari Moktan

Kumari Moktan (Nepali: kumaarii moktaan) is a Nepalese politician and member of the Bagmati Provincial Assembly since 2018. She is currently serving as Minister for Social Development of Bagmati Province.
References
Jaw

For the movie about a shark, see Jaws (movie).
The jaw is the part of an animal's body that it uses to grab and chew food. In humans, the jaws are two bones in the mouth, the mandible (lower jaw) and maxilla (upper jaw), that let the teeth move up and down in order to chew. The mandible is joined to the skull.
However, in insects, the jaws may open left and right instead, and they are usually outside the mouth instead of inside it. Sea urchins have five jaws with one tooth each. Some animals, even some vertebrates, do not have jaws.
A body part is called a jaw based on what it does, not what it is made of or how it grows. In different animals, it can be made of different kinds of cells and tissue. In the embryos of different animals, it may come from different original places. Even within arthropods, the group that contains insects and lobsters and trilobites and spiders, the jaws of different animals may grow from different original tissues, even though they look similar in adult animals. A pair of appendages that become jaws in one species may become antennae in a different species or legs in another. Moray eels and some other fish have two sets of jaws. The outer jaws in their faces grow from the same tissues as the jaws of other fish, and the inner jaws, called pharyngeal jaws, can come from the same tissue that becomes gills or muscles in other fish.
Marsupials and monotremes are born before their jaws have grown enough for them to drink their mothers' milk the way other baby mammals do. Scientists from Kings' College London found that opossums and other marsupials use tissue from their inner ear to make a temporary jaw so they can feed and grow. They found that baby echidnas also form a temporary jaw using the bones of their inner ear so they can feed and grow.
References
Head (body part)
Villanueva, Zacatecas

Villanueva is a city in the state of Zacatecas, Mexico. It is the administrative seat of the municipality of Villanueva.
References
Cities in Mexico
Zacatecas
Short-faced bear

The short-faced bear or bulldog bear (Arctodus) is an extinct genus of bear endemic to North America during the Pleistocene era about 1.8 million years ago (mya) to 11,000 years ago. At that time, Arctodus simus may have been one of the largest mammals that lived on land and ate meat.
Arctodus simus first appeared during the middle Pleistocene in North America, about 800,000 years ago. It became extinct about 11,600 years ago.
Habitat
The short-faced bear lived in many parts of North America, ranging from Alaska to Mississippi.
However, it lived mostly in southern areas, from northern Texas to New Jersey in the east; Aguascalientes, Mexico to the southwest; and with large concentrations in Florida.
The oldest short-faced bear fossils are from the Santa Fe River 1 paleontological sites in Gilchrist County, Florida.
Fossils
Archaeologists first found fossils of the short-faced bear in the Potter Creek Cave in Shasta County, California. This animal might have been the largest carnivorous land mammal that ever lived in North America.
Archaeologists have found only one giant short-faced bear skeleton, in Indiana. It is famous because it was the biggest most-nearly complete skeleton of a giant short-faced bear ever found in America. The original bones are in Chicago's Field Museum of Natural History.
A recent study estimated the weight of six short-faced bear specimens. The largest was . This suggested that the bear was probably bigger than scientists had thought. When it was standing on its hind (back) legs, the bear was tall.
Behavior
One theory is that the short-faced bear was an active predator, attacking bison directly. Another theory is that it let faster predators make the kill, then bullied them off the carcass. This would mean it was a scavenger.
References
Bears
Laiza

Laiza ( Laingza) is a remote mountainous town in the Kachin State, Myanmar. It lies on the border with China, the other side is . Laiza is the capital of the rebel Kachin Independence Organisation since 2005.
References
Geography of Myanmar
Éva Székely

Eva Szekely (3 April 1927 - 29 February 2020) was a Hungarian swimmer. She won the gold medal at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki and the silver medal at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne. She held the first world record in the 400 m individual medley in 1953.
Szekely was born in Budapest. She was Jewish. She survived the Holocaust. Her daughter, Andrea Gyarmati, was also an Olympic medalist in swimming.
Szekely died on 29 February 2020, at the age of 92.
References
Other websites
Eva Szekely at Sports-Reference.com
1927 births
2020 deaths
Holocaust survivors
Hungarian Jews
Jewish sportspeople
Medalists at the 1952 Summer Olympics
Medalists at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Hungarian Olympic gold medalists
Hungarian Olympic silver medalists
Sportspeople from Budapest
Hungarian swimmers
Alaba-K'abeena language

Alaba and K'abeena are two very similar Cushitic languages. Some people think they are dialects of one another. These people call the language Alaba-K'abeena. They are spoken in Ethiopia. The languages are similar to the Kambaata language. Alaba and K'abeena are spoken by about 300,000 people.
References
Highland East Cushitic languages
Languages of Ethiopia
Thomas Pynchon

Thomas Ruggles Pynchon Jr. (, ; born May 8, 1937) is an American author. He is part of the MacArthur Fellowship and writes very complex novels with deep meanings. He writes many different types of both fiction and non-fiction. For Gravity's Rainbow, Pynchon won the 1973 U.S. National Book Award for Fiction
Pynchon is from Long Island, New York, and served two years in the United States Navy. He also got a degree in English from Cornell University. He published many short stories in the late-1950s and early-1960s. After this, he started writing novels. He is most famous for the novels V. (1963), The Crying of Lot 49 (1966), and Gravity's Rainbow'' (1973) from this time.
References
1937 births
American essayists
American novelists
American Roman Catholics
Cornell University alumni
Living people
Writers from New York (state)
École navale

The Ecole navale is a military school and grande ecole training line officers in the French Navy. It is located in the naval base of Lanveoc-Poulmic (close to Brest), France.
Degrees
Its different curricula lead to the following French & European degrees:
Ingenieur Ecole naval (Ecole navale Graduate engineer Masters level program) ;
Masteres Specialises
Seafaring Courses.
It trains navy pilots, military engineers and technicians.
Famous former students
Anne-Segolene Abscheidt, French professor and naval engineer
Jacques Cousteau, French naval officer, explorer, ecologist, filmmaker, innovator, scientist, photographer, author and researcher
Michel Serres, French philosopher and author
References
Other websites
Official website
Technical colleges and universities in France
1830 establishments
Military schools
1830s establishments in France
Grandes Ecoles
Philomena

Philomena is a 2013 British drama movie. The movie is about a news journalist who has just lost his job as Labour government adviser. In the movie, Judi Dench plays Philomena Lee and Steve Coogan plays Martin. The movie has gotten positive review by critics.
2013 drama movies
2010s biographical movies
British biographical movies
British drama movies
French drama movies
English-language movies
Movies set in the 1950s
Movies set in the 2000s
Movies set in London
Movies set in Washington, D.C.
Movies directed by Stephen Frears
Luxor

Luxor () is a city in Upper Egypt. In 2012, about 506,588 people lived there. To tourists, it is mostly known because of Karnak, as well as other tourist sites nearby.
Because the Ancient Egyptian city of Thebes is located in Luxor, the city has been called the "world's greatest open-air museum." On the other side of the Nile lies the Valley of the Kings and Valley of the Queens.
References
Other websites
Theban Mapping Project: website devoted to the Valley of the Kings and other sites in the Theban Necropolis
Luxor World Heritage Site in panographies - 360 degree interactive imaging
GCatholic Copic epachy
Luxor Temple picture gallery at Remains.se
Cities in Egypt
Ritva Valkama

Ritva Valkama (real name Valkama-Palo, 13 November 1932 - 8 May 2020) was a Finnish actress. She was known for her comic roles. Harrell was known for her roles in Hapy Endko? Eli kuinka Uuno Turhapuro sai niin kauniin ja rikkaan vaimon, Herr Puntila and His Servant Matti and Borrowing Matchsticks.
Valkama died on 8 May 2020 in Helsinki, aged 87.
References
Other websites
1932 births
2020 deaths
Finnish movie actors
Finnish television actors
Finnish stage actors
Erik Dahlberg Secondary School

The Erik Dahlberg Secondary School () is a secondary school in Jonkoping in Sweden. For many years the school focused in technical education. The school was opened in 1949 as the Jonkoping Technical Secondary School (). The current name was adopted from the 1966-1967 school year. The current buildings were completed, step by step, between 1961 and 1994.
References
Other websites
Official website
1949 establishments in Sweden
Buildings and structures in Jonkoping
Schools in Sweden
Equity (law)

In common law countries equity is based on a judiciary assessment of fairness. It is what is often what is considered fair and right under natural law. It is used when the laws themselves do not address an issue or are inadequate in some way. Examples of equity decisions include imposing a lien, correcting a property line or ordering someone to do something to prevent damage.
History
Common law in England can be traced back to the Norman conquest. The laws, such as they were then, did not address every concern. At first, a subject (of the king) had to petition the king to ask to be heard in his court. One of the first instances of this was in 1070 when Lanfranc, the Archbishop of Canterbury had a case against Odo, Earl of Kent, the king's brother. The archbishop petitioned that lands taken by Odo be restored. Rules of equity began when it became apparent that the common law courts could not solve all legal problems. The king set up courts of chancery (equity). By the 1800s the equity courts were becoming obsolete. In 1875 Parliament did away with the chancery courts altogether.
States in New England followed the English tradition of maintaining separate courts for law and equity. Others, however, combined their courts with both types of jurisdiction. This is what Congress did with respect to the US federal courts. United States bankruptcy courts are the one example of US federal courts which operate as courts of equity.
References
Other websites
The Reasons Behind The Creation Of Equity
Legal terms
UY Scuti

UY Scuti is a red supergiant (RSG) or red hypergiant star. It is a pulsating variable star in the constellation Scutum and one of the largest known stars in the Milky Way Galaxy. It is also one of the most luminous and well-known of its kind.
The star has an estimated average median radius of 1,708 times that of the Sun, or a diameter of 2.4 trillion m (1.5 billion mi; 15.9 AU); thus a volume 5 billion times that of the Sun.
It is about 2.9 kiloparsecs (9,500 light years) from Earth, so it is one of the nearest known hypergiants. If placed at the center of the Solar system, its photosphere would engulf the orbit of Jupiter. The radius of this star is 1,189,348,720 km, It is not larger than the orbit of Saturn.
References
Red giants
Variable stars
Hypergiants
Gagny

Gagny is a commune. It is in the Seine-Saint-Denis department in France.
Related pages
Communes of the Seine-Saint-Denis department
References
INSEE
Other websites
Official website
Communes in Seine-Saint-Denis
Mesa, Arizona

Mesa is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona and part of the Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale Metropolitan Area. It is the 38th largest city in the United States of America. It was settled by members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in January 1878.
Education
CAE Global Academy Phoenix
References
1878 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in Arizona Territory
Michael Blake (author)

Michael Lennox Blake (July 5, 1945 - May 2, 2015) was an American author and screenwriter. He was best known for the movie adaptation of his novel Dances with Wolves, for which he won an Academy Award and a Golden Globe.
Blake was born in Fort Bragg, North Carolina, and grew up in New Mexico, Texas and Southern California. He was married and had three sons.
Blake died after a long illness on May 2, 2015 in Tucson, Arizona. He was 69.
References
Other websites
1945 births
2015 deaths
Academy Award winning writers
20th-century American novelists
Writers from New Mexico
Writers from Tucson, Arizona
Screenwriters from California
Writers from North Carolina
Writers from Texas
Malay-le-Petit

Malay-le-Petit is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Leonid Filimonov

Leonid Filimonov (; 22 July 1935 - 8 February 2022) was a Russian politician. He was a member of the Communist Party. He was Minister of Oil and Gas from 1989 to 1991. He also was in the Federation Council from 1994 to 1996 and in the Legislative Duma of Tomsk Oblast from 1997 to 2001.
Filimonov died on 8 February 2022, at the age of 86.
References
1935 births
2022 deaths
Russian politicians
Paddle

A paddle is a tool used for pushing against liquids, either for propulsion in a boat or for mixing liquids.
Paddles commonly used in canoes consist of a wooden, fibreglass or metal rod (the shaft) with a handle on one end and a rigid sheet (the blade) on the other end. Paddles for use in kayaks are longer, with a blade on each end, and usually no handles.
Related pages
Oar
Tools
Brokdorf

Brokdorf is a municipality of the district Steinburg, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. The Brokdorf Nuclear Power Plant is in the municipality.
Municipalities in Schleswig-Holstein
Steinburg (district)
Brent Forrester

Brent Forrester is an American writer and producer.
He has written for 6 Emmy Award-winning television comedies. He wrote several episodes of the animated television sitcom The Simpsons between 1993 and 1997. He has worked as a writer on The Ben Stiller Show, Mr. Show with Bob and David, Undeclared, Super Fun Night and The Office. He served as head writer and executive producer on King of the Hill, Love, The Office and Space Force. Forrester has also written feature films.
Writing credits
Beavis and Butt-Head written episodes
Forrester has written (or co-written) the following episodes:
"Late Night with Butt-Head" (February 11, 1990)
"Canoe" (April 14, 1996)
Mr. Show written episodes
Forrester has co-written (with Dino Stamatopoulos) the following sketches from the following episodes:
"The Return of the Curse of the Creature's Ghost" (December 5, 1997) [sketch: "Pre-Taped Call-In Show"]
"Rudy Will Await Your Foundation" (November 9, 1998) [sketch: "Audition"]
Undeclared written episode
Forrester co-wrote (with Judd Apatow) the following episode:
"The Perfect Date" (February 19, 2002)
The Office written episodes
Forrester has written or co-written the following episodes:
"The Merger" (November 16, 2006) - Season 3
"Business School" (February 15, 2007) - Season 3
"Product Recall" co-written with Justin Spitzer (April 26, 2007) - Season 3
"Did I Stutter?" co-written with Justin Spitzer (May 1, 2008) - Season 4
"Business Trip" (November 13, 2008) - Season 5
"Blood Drive" (March 5, 2009) - Season 5
"Mafia" (October 15, 2009) - Season 6
"New Leads" (March 18, 2010) - Season 6
"The Search" (February 3, 2011) - Season 7
"Work Bus" (October 18, 2012) - Season 9
"A.A.R.M." (May 9, 2013) - Season 9
Love written episodes
Forrester has written or co-written the following episodes:
"One Long Day" (February 19, 2016) - with Lesley Arfin and Paul Rust
"The Table Read" (February 19, 2016)
References
Other websites
Brent Forrester's Official Website
American television producers
American television writers
Emmy Award winners
Living people
1967 births
American movie directors
Columbia University alumni
Roberto Gottardi

Roberto Gottardi (30 January 1927 - 21 August 2017) was an Italian architect. He was known for designing buildings across Cuba in the aftermath of the Cuban Revolution. He designed the National Art Schools, which was commissioned by Fidel Castro.
References
Other websites
Roberto Gottardi's National art school - Paradise lost? , Cuba Absolutely Magazine, February 2008 - retrieved 03-03-11
1927 births
2017 deaths
Italian architects
Surround sound

Surround sound is the name of a number of technologies for sound reproduction. At the start, sound was reproduced using a single channel (called mono), later there were two channels, left and right (called stereo). Surround sound extends this idea, by adding more channels. There are speakers that surround the listener. The speakers are grouped, and each group has its own channel. There are different setups ranging from 2 or 3 speakers/channels in the front, and two in the back, up to a setup with 24 speakers (known as 22.2)
With surround sound, channels are treated differently, to be able to create special sound effects. In classical theatres, surround sound is not used; they may also have different speaker with different channels, but all channels are treated the same.
Sound
Bob Paisley

Robert "Bob" Paisley (23 January 1919 - 14 February 1996) was an English footballer and manager. He played for Liverpool as a left half between 1939 and 1954. He later managed Liverpool between 1974 and 1983. Paisley and Carlo Ancelotti are the only managers to have won the European Cups three times. He won 20 major honours with Liverpool as a manager.
Paisley was born in Hetton-le-Hole, County Durham. He married Jessie in 1946. The couple had two sons and a daughter, Robert, Graham and Christine.
Paisley was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 1992. He died on 14 February 1996 in Liverpool, at the age of 77.
References
Other websites
Bob Paisley at LiverpoolFC.com
1919 births
1996 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
Disease-related deaths in England
English footballers
English football managers
Liverpool F.C. players
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Sportspeople from County Durham
Gunnar Myrdal

Karl Gunnar Myrdal (; 6 December 1898 - 17 May 1987) was a Swedish economist and sociologist. In 1974, he received the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences with Friedrich Hayek for their work in the theory of money and economic fluctuations. He was best known in the United States for his study of race relations, which is seen in his book An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy.
Related pages
List of sociologists from Europe
References
1898 births
1987 deaths
Scientists from Stockholm
Swedish economists
Writers from Stockholm
Swedish Nobel Prize winners
Space Invaders

Space Invaders is a video game made by the Taito Corporation. Space Invaders is one of the most famous early video games. The game is about defending the Earth from Space Invaders (aliens) by shooting them down before they can land. There have been seven versions of Space Invaders made by the Taito Corporation. Space Invaders was designed by the Taito Corporations man in charge of the game making department, Toshihiro Nishikado. Nishikado was inspired to make the game after watching Star Wars and War of the Worlds. At first Space Invaders was a coin-operated machine but has been made available for almost every games console and home computer. Before making Space Invaders, Nishikado worked on games called Soccer and Interceptor. He says the hardest part of making a video game is designing the computer inside it. Taito describes Space Invaders as "an international phenomenon".
Space Invaders versions
Space Invaders, 1978
Space Invaders Part 2, 1979
The Return of the Space Invaders, 1985
Space Invaders '91, 1991
Space Invaders DX, 1995
Space Invaders '95, 1995
Space Invaders 3D
References
Taito Legends, 2005
Taito Legends 2, 2006
Arcade games
Sylwia Grzeszczak

Sylwia Karolina Grzeszczak (born 7 April 1989) is a singer-songwriter and pianist from Poland.
Singles
As featured artist
References
1989 births
Living people
People from Poznan
Polish singer-songwriters
COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey

The COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey is part of the ongoing worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 () caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ().
The disease was confirmed to have reached Turkey on 11 March 2020, after a man who had returned to Turkey from Europe, tested positive.
The first death due to COVID-19 in the country was on 15 March 2020 and by 1 April it was confirmed that COVID-19 had spread all over Turkey. On 14 April 2020, the head of the Turkish Ministry of Health Fahrettin Koca announced that the spread of the virus in Turkey has reached its peak in the fourth weak and started to slow down.
, the total number of confirmed total cases in the country is over 143,100 of which 101,700 have recovered and 4,000 have died. On 18 April 2020, the country's total number of Covid-19 tests were positive and passed those of Iran, making it the highest in the Middle East.
Turkey also passed China in confirmed total cases on 20 April 2020. The rapid increase of the confirmed cases in Turkey was said because of the country's poor healthcare system.
References
2020 in Turkey
Turkey
2021 in Turkey
2023 in Turkey
Anchorman 2: The Legend Continues

Anchorman 2: The Legend Continues is a 2013 American comedy movie. It was directed by Adam McKay and was produced by Judd Apatow and Will Ferrell. It stars Will Ferrell, Steve Carell, Paul Rudd, David Koechner, Christina Applegate, and Fred Willard. It is narrated by Bill Kurtis. It is the sequel to Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy.
Plot
After the 1970s brought prosperity to the Channel 4 news team, the group disbands and hits rock bottom until a 24-hour news channel is being put together and in the 1980s the group is recruited to join the channel.
Cast
Main cast
Will Ferrell as Ron Burgundy
Steve Carell as Brick Tamland
Paul Rudd as Brian Fantana
David Koechner as Champ Kind
Christina Applegate as Veronica Corningstone
Dylan Baker as Freddie Shapp
Meagan Good as Linda Jackson
James Marsden as Jack Lime
Fred Willard as Ed Harken
Kristen Wiig as Chani Lastname
Josh Lawson as Kench Allenby
Chris Parnell as Garth
Greg Kinnear as Gary
Judd Nelson as Walter Burgundy
Credited cameos
Harrison Ford as Mack Tannen
Drake as Soul Brother
Paula Pell as Crowd Member at Ice Rink
Sacha Baron Cohen as BBC News Anchor
Marion Cotillard as Canadian Anchor
Will Smith as Jeff Bullington, ESPN Reporter
Kirsten Dunst as El Trousias Maiden of the Clouds
Appearing as Sea World Kids are the children of McKay and Ferrell: Pearl McKay, Axel Ferrell, Magnus Ferrell, and Mattias Ferrell. Liam Neeson's son Michael has a credited cameo as a History Channel Reporter.
Uncredited cameos
Jim Carrey as Scott Riles, Canadian News
Tina Fey as Jill Janson, Entertainment News
Liam Neeson as History Network Host
Amy Poehler as Wendy Van Peele, Entertainment News
John C. Reilly as the Ghost of Stonewall Jackson
Vince Vaughn as Wes Mantooth, Channel 9 news
Kanye West as Wesley Jackson, MTV News
References
Other websites
AnchormanMovie.com - Official Website
2013 comedy movies
American comedy movies
English-language movies
Movies directed by Adam McKay
Movies set in New York City
Movies set in the 1980s
Sequel movies
Movies set in California
Laraine Newman

Laraine Newman (born March 2, 1952) is an American comedian and actress who acts mostly in movies. She acted in The Powerpuff Girls franchise, Finding Nemo and Wreck-It Ralph. Newman was born in Los Angeles.
TV roles
Actors from Los Angeles
American movie actors
1952 births
Living people
Vilnius University

Vilnius University () is a public research university in Lithuania. It is the oldest university in the Baltic states. It is one of the oldest and most famous universities in Northern Europe. It is ranked in the top 400 universities worldwide (QS).
Structure
Faculties
Business School
Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences - Established in 1784
Faculty of Communication
Faculty of Economics and Business Administration
Faculty of History
Faculty of Law
Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics
Faculty of Medicine
Faculty of Philology
Faculty of Philosophy
Faculty of Physics
Institute of International Relations and Political Science
Kaunas Faculty
Life Sciences Center
Siauliai Academy
Other divisions
Botanical garden
Centre of Information Technology Development
Centre of Property Management and Services
Conference, seminar and leisure centre "Romuva"
Cultural Centre
Health and Sport Centre
Library
Museum
Publishing House
People
Notable professors and alumni of Vilnius University
Zigmas Zinkevicius, professor, linguist-historian.
Alumni
Related pages
History of Vilnius
References
Bibliography
Studia z dziejow Uniwersytetu Wilenskiego 1579-1979, K. Mrozowska, Krakow 1979.
Uniwersytet Wilenski 1579-1979, M. Kosman, Wroclaw 1981.
Vilniaus Universiteto istorija 1579-1803, Mokslas, Vilnius, 1976, 316 p.
Vilniaus Universiteto istorija 1803-1940, Mokslas, Vilnius, 1977, 341 p.
Vilniaus Universiteto istorija 1940-1979, Mokslas, Vilnius, 1979, 431 p.
Magdalena Gawronska-Garstka, Uniwersytet Stefana Batorego w Wilnie. Uczelnia ziem polnocno-wschodnich Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej (1919-1939) w swietle zrodel, Poznan 2016.
Other websites
Institute of International Relations and Political Science
Universitas Vilnensis 1579-2004, well written and illustrated book (92 pages)
History of Vilnius University by Tomas Venclova
Vilniaus universitetas (reprezentacinis leidinys)
Uniwersytet Wilenski 1579-2004
A. Srebrakowski, Studenci Uniwersytetu Stefana Batorego w Wilnie. 1919-1939, Wroclaw 2008 - part one
Vilnius University Students' Representation
Vilnius University Cyber Security Competition "VU Cyberthon"
1579 establishments
Colleges and universities in Europe
Buildings and structures in Lithuania
Organizations based in Lithuania
Vilnius
Stand by Your Man

"Stand by Your Man" is a 1968 song by American country singer Tammy Wynette and is the title track from her studio album of the same name. It went to number 1 in Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Belgium, the Netherlands, number 9 in Australia, number 19 in the United States and number 31 in New Zealand.
References
1968 songs
Tammy Wynette songs
Elton John songs
Lyle Lovett songs
Patti Page songs
Country songs
Melba, Idaho

Melba is a city in Idaho in the United States.
Cities in Idaho
William R. Cosentini

William Randolph Cosentini (June 12, 1911 - January 28, 1954) was an American mechanical engineer and businessman. He founded Cosentini Associates.
Biography
Cosentini was born in 1911 to Italian immigrant parents, Eugenio and Vincenza Cosentini. He had an older brother, John (born 1909) and a younger sister, Mary (born 1913).
Cosentini attended New York University. There he earned his M.A. degree in mechanical engineering. In 1944, he married Rose DeStefano. They had two children together. Rose died in 1947 at 36 years of age.
In 1951, he started W.R. Cosentini & Associates. The company later became known as Cosentini Associates. In the early days of the company, he worked on several notable projects. Those included installing the heating and air conditioning system in the Chrysler Building.
Cosentini died of appendicitis on January 28, 1954 at 42 years of age.
References
Other websites
http://www.acutherm.com/media/docs/DevNewYork_Cosentini.pdf
http://www.cosentini.com
1911 births
1954 deaths
Engineers from New York (state)
Businesspeople from New York City
Disease-related deaths in New York City
Deaths from appendicitis