pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Max Cavalera

Massimiliano Antonio "Max" Cavalera (born August 4, 1969) is a Brazilian singer, guitarist, and songwriter. He was the lead singer and rhythm guitarist for the heavy metal band Sepultura, before forming Soulfly in the late 1990s. Cavalera was also involved in a short-lived side project, Nailbomb, and is currently performing with Soulfly and another project, Cavalera Conspiracy.
Discography
Sepultura
Bestial Devastation EP (1985)
Morbid Visions (1986)
Schizophrenia (1987)
Beneath the Remains (1989)
Arise (1991) US#119
Third World Posse EP (1993)
Chaos A.D. (1993) US#32 US Gold
Refuse/Resist EP (1994)
Roots (1996) US#27 US Gold
The Roots of Sepultura (1996)
Blood-Rooted (1997) US#162
Under a Pale Grey Sky (2002)
Nailbomb
Point Blank (1994)
Proud to Commit Commercial Suicide (1995)
Soulfly
Soulfly (1998) US#79 US Gold
Tribe EP (1999)
Primitive (2000) US#32
3 (2002) US#46
Prophecy (2004) US#82
Dark Ages (2005) US#155
Conquer (2008) US#66
Omen (2010) US#73
Cavalera Conspiracy
Inflikted (2008) US#72
Blunt Force Trauma (2011) US#123
Related pages
Sepultura
Other websites
Soulfly Official Site
Cavalera Conspiracy
Roadrunner Records' Soulfly site
Roadrunner Records' Cavalera Conspiracy site
Phoenix New Times article on Max
NY Rock interview
Asice.net interview
Sepultura members
Brazilian singer-songwriters
Brazilian heavy metal guitarists
1969 births
Living people
People from Belo Horizonte
Jönköping Theatre

The Jonkoping Theatre () is a theatre in the town of Jonkoping in Sweden. It is also used for concerts. It was opened on 2 December 1904.
References
Other websites
Programbolaget
1904 establishments in Sweden
Buildings and structures in Sweden
Buildings and structures in Jonkoping
Theatres
List of governors of Uttar Pradesh

The following is the list of governors of Uttar Pradesh.
List
References
Valve (disambiguation)

A valve is a device that regulates the flow of fluids.
Valve may also refer to:
Valve Corporation, a computer software/games company responsible for the best-selling Half-Life games
Valve hall, a building which contains the valves of the static inverters of an HVDC plant
Mercury arc valve, a type of electrical rectifier which converts alternating current into direct current
Poppet valve, a valve consisting of a hole and a tapered plug on the end of a shaft
Heart valve, valves in the heart that maintain the unidirectional flow of blood
Vein valve, valves in veins and other fluid cords in body
Valve Records, a record label
Valve Recordings, a record label
Thermionic valve, an electronic component otherwise known as a vacuum tube
Valve, a paired clasping process on the male genitalia of a moth
Valve is one of eight overlapping shells on a chiton mollusc
Valve Sound System
Poncarale

Poncarale is a city in northern Italy. Poncarale is in the Lombardy Region. It is in the Province of Brescia and has 5,330 people.
Cities in Lombardy
Sven Lindqvist

Sven Oskar Lindqvist (28 March 1932 - 14 May 2019) was a Swedish author. He wrote mostly non-fiction works. Some of his noted works include Exterminate All the Brutes and A History of Bombing. His writings focused on developing nations in Africa, China, India, Latin America and Australia. During the 1960s, Lindqvist lived in China for two years. He wrote three books about China with his first wife, Sinologist Cecilia Lindqvist. From the 1980s onward, he wrote about many topics including European imperialism, colonialism, racism, genocide and war.
Lindqvist was born in Stockholm. He was married to Cecilia Lindqvist from 1956 until their divorce in 1986. He was later married to economist Agneta Stark. Lindqvist died after a long illness on 14 May 2019, at the age of 87.
References
1932 births
2019 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Sweden
Writers from Stockholm
Mason County, Michigan

Mason County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, 29,052 people live here. The county seat is Ludington.
References
1855 establishments in Michigan
Michigan counties
Marshall County, Indiana

Marshall County is a county in the U.S. state of Indiana. As of 2010, 47,051 people lived there. The county seat is Plymouth.
References
1836 establishments in Indiana
Indiana counties
Common year starting on Sunday

This is the calendar for any common year starting on Sunday, January 1 (dominical letter A) or for any year in which "Doomsday" is Tuesday. Examples include years 1978, 1989, 1995, 2006, 2017, 2023 (the current year), and 2034 in the Gregorian calendar. I.e. includes 2045 and 2051 which is immediately preceded from the previous common year type. After the first other year mentioned above and this year type will be preceded onto year starting on Monday but common. While after 2051, in other words will also be another year starting on Monday but it's leap already.
In this common year, Martin Luther King Jr. Day is on January 16, Valentine's Day is on a Tuesday, Presidents Day is on February 20, St. Patrick's Day is on a Friday, Mother's Day is on its latest possible date, May 14, Memorial Day is on May 29, Father's Day is on June 18, Independence Day is on a Tuesday, Labor Day is on September 4, Columbus Day is on October 9, Halloween is on a Tuesday, Veterans Day is on a Saturday, Thanksgiving is on November 23, and Christmas is on a Monday.
This common year is one of three common years that have two Friday the 13th's, the other two being Common year starting on Monday and Common year starting on Tuesday. The Friday the 13ths in this common year are in January and October.
A common year is a year with 365 days, in other words, not a leap year.
Notes
Calendars
British Rail Class 310

The British Rail (BR) Class 310 is a slam-door, alternating current (AC) electric multiple unit (EMU) introduced in 1966 as part of the West Coast Main Line electrification project. They were initially classified as Class AM10 units before the introduction on the TOPS classification system. Constructed at BR's Derby Carriage and Wagon Works. They consisted of four carriages - a second class driving trailer, a second class trailer, a second class motor car (with guard's/luggage compartment above which the pantograph was mounted) and a composite (1st and 2nd class) driving trailer. The maximum speed was 75 miles per hour. A glass partition behind the driver's cab enabled passengers in the leading and rear coaches to have an excellent view of the line ahead or behind.
310
Milton Gonçalves

Milton Goncalves (; 9 December 1933 - 30 May 2022) was a Brazilian actor, political activist and television director. He was one of the most famous black actors in Brazil. He was known for playing a police chief in Kiss of the Spider Woman. Goncalves was born in Monte Santo de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. In the 1990s, he ran for Governor of Rio de Janeiro state.
Goncalves died on 30 May 2022 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from problems caused by a stroke, aged 88.
References
1933 births
2022 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Brazilian activists
Politicians from Rio de Janeiro
Brazilian movie actors
Brazilian television actors
Brazilian stage actors
Actors from Rio de Janeiro
Television directors
Kili

Kili is a village in Cyprus in the Paphos District.
Nearby villages
Akoursos is west of Kili and Kathikas north of Kili.
Settlements in Cyprus
Ryszard Szurkowski

Ryszard Jan Szurkowski (12 January 1946 - 1 February 2021) was a Polish road bicycle racer. Szurkowski was born in Swiebodow, Poland. He won two Olympic silver medals at the 1972 and 1976 Summer Olympics. He won two gold medals at the UCI Road World Championships in 1973 and 1975.
Szurkowski died on 1 February 2021 at a hospital in Radom, Poland from pneumonia caused by lung cancer, aged 75.
References
1946 births
2021 deaths
Polish Olympic silver medalists
Polish cyclists
Deaths from lung cancer
Deaths from pneumonia
Squat

Squat is a renowned element of many folk dances.
In powerlifting and bodybuilding, as well as in other sports, squat is an exercise that strengthens the muscles of the thighs, hips and buttocks, as well as the bones, ligaments and insertion of the tendons throughout the lower body.
Health concerns
Although the squat is a basic element of weight training, it has been the subject of considerable controversy in recent years. Some trainers allege that squats are associated with injuries to the lumbar spine and knees. As a result, many trainers suggest that the standard barbell squat be modified in various ways. Others, however, reject all suggestions that the exercise be abandoned, continuing to advocate the squat.
References
Fitness
Electrical outlet

An electrical outlet or receptacle, frequently called a wall outlet, is a socket that connects an electrical device to an electricity supply. In buildings, electrical outlets are usually installed in the wall, although they can also be installed in the floor. Occasionally, they are found in the ceiling for powering devices such as garage door openers or neon signs in storefront windows. Different countries often have different outlet types and voltages. Adapters are available to convert between the different types.
Other websites
International power cords technology
Glossary of standards terms
Electricity Around The World (about plugs, sockets and electrical systems used around the world)
Change to UK electrical wire colors 2004
Household electrical safety handbook, Electrical and Mechanical Services Department, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government
IEEE history of Australian power connectors (in pdf format)
South Africa Eskom: Wiring a Plug
Guidance Notes for the Electrical Products (Safety) Regulation (Electrical and Mechanical Services Department, Hong Kong)
Museum of Plugs and Sockets: pictures including disassembled units
Electrical wiring
Offside rule

The offside rule is one of the oldest football rules, but is still a much discussed rule. This is probably because of the relatively complicated set of provisions provided by the sport's law-making body, the IFAB for deciding if a player in an offside position is actually guilty of an offside offence by becoming involved in active play. It can also be a difficult decision for the referee or assistant referee to make as they need to watch the ball, the player playing the ball and also the attacker who is seeking to receive the ball at the same time.
Offside is an offence committed by the team which has the ball and is punished with an indirect free kick.
It is a common misconception that the ball must be played forward for an offside offence to be committed. This is incorrect however, as an offside offence is related to the position of the player in relation to the last two opponents, the ball and the opponent's goal line rather than the direction the ball is played. If the player is closer to the opponent's goal line than both the ball and the second-last opponent when it is played by a team mate, she or he is in an offside position.
But there are some exceptions:
Players cannot be offside in their own half of the field.
It is not possible to be offside from a throw-in, corner kick or goal kick.
If the ball is deliberately played by a member of the opposing team, an attacker cannot be offside.
A player who is behind the other team's goal line is considered to be on the goal line for the purposes of offside. It is an offence to leave or re-enter the field of play without permission but not if it is part of a natural playing movement.
If the player is behind the ball when it is played, he or she cannot be offside.
An attacker who is exactly in line with the 2nd last defender or the ball is not considered to be offside.
If a player does not become involved in active play, then it is not an offside offence even if that player is in an offside position (the concept of passive offside introduced in 1924). A player can become involved in active play by touching the ball (either directly from a team mate's touch or after it rebounds off the goal frame or an opponent) or interfering with another player's ability to play the ball.
References
Football (soccer) terminology
Bernardino de Sahagún

Bernardino de Sahagun (1499 - October 23 1590), was a Franciscan missionary to the Aztec (Nahua) people of Mexico, best known as the compiler of the Florentine Codex, also known as (General History of the Things of New Spain).
1499 births
1590 deaths
Spanish writers
Missionaries
Franciscans
Tift County, Georgia

Tift County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 41,344 people lived there. The county seat is Tifton.
References
1905 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia (U.S. state) counties
Nyanga Province

Nyanga is a province in Gabon. The provincial capital is Tchibanga.
Departments
There are six departments:
Basse-Banio Department (Mayumba)
Douigni Department (Moabi)
Doutsila Department (Mabanda)
Haute-Banio Department (Ndindi)
Mongo Department (Moulengui-Binza)
Mougoutsi Department (Tchibanga)
References
Provinces of Gabon
Vsevolod Murakhovsky

Vsevolod Serafimovich Murakhovsky (; 20 October 1926 - 12 January 2017) was a Ukrainian-Russian politician. He was born in Luhansk Oblast, Ukrainian SSR. Murakhovsky served as first deputy premier during the Gorbachev Era from 1985 through 1989.
Murakhovsky died on 12 January 2017, aged 90.
References
1926 births
2017 deaths
Ukrainian politicians
Russian politicians
Big Bully Busick

Nick Conrad Busick (June 1, 1954 - May 8, 2018) was an American professional wrestler and police officer. He was better known by his ring name Big Bully Busick. He was best known for his appearances with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) in 1991, where he played a bully from the 1920s with a "turtleneck, bowler hat and king-sized cigar".
Busick was also known for his appearances with Georgia All-Star Wrestling (GAF) and the Global Wrestling Federation (GWF).
In November 2012, the WWE listed Busick as having the best mustache in the Top 10 mustaches in WWE history.
Busick died of spinal cancer on May 8, 2018, in Weirton, West Virginia, where he was receiving hospice care at the age of 63.
References
Other websites
1954 births
2018 deaths
Cancer deaths in West Virginia
Deaths from spinal cancer
American professional wrestlers
Sportspeople from Ohio
People from Steubenville, Ohio
The Sure Thing

The Sure Thing is a 1985 American romantic adventure comedy movie directed by Rob Reiner and starring John Cusack, Daphne Zuniga, Nicollette Sheridan, Viveca Lindfors, Anthony Edwards, Tim Robbins. It was distributed by Embassy Pictures.
Other websites
1985 adventure movies
1985 romantic comedy movies
1980s road movies
1980s teen comedy movies
American adventure movies
American romantic comedy movies
American road movies
American teen comedy movies
Movies directed by Rob Reiner
Andriy Rusol

Andriy Rusol (born 16 January 1983) is a Ukrainian retired footballer who formerly played as a defender for Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk and the Ukrainian national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1999/00||rowspan="4"|Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih||rowspan="4"|Premier League||3||0
|-
|2000/01||9||0
|-
|2001/02||19||0
|-
|2002/03||9||0
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="8"|Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk||rowspan="8"|Premier League||1||0
|-
|2003/04||24||1
|-
|2004/05||28||0
|-
|2005/06||30||3
|-
|2006/07||28||1
|-
|2007/08||28||0
|-
|2008/09||27||1
|-
|2009/10||||
206||6
206||6
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2004||9||0
|-
|2005||9||1
|-
|2006||13||2
|-
|2007||8||0
|-
|2008||4||0
|-
|2009||4||0
|-
!Total||47||3
|}
References
1983 births
Living people
Ukrainian footballers
Lorenne Teixeira

Lorenne Maria Geraldo Teixeira (born 8 January 1996) is a Brazilian volleyball player. She played for the Brazilian women's national volleyball team.
Career
She participated at the 2015 FIVB Volleyball Women's U20 World Championship, 2015 FIVB Volleyball Women's U23 World Championship, 2016 Montreux Volley Masters, 2017 FIVB Volleyball Women's U23 World Championship, and 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Cup.
She played for Servico Social da Industria-SP and Rexona-Ades.
References
1996 births
Living people
Brazilian volleyball players
Tomás Osvaldo González Morales

Tomas Osvaldo Gonzalez Morales (20 April 1935 - 12 February 2022) was a Chilean Roman Catholic bishop. He became a priest in 1963. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Punta Arenas, Chile from 1974 until his retirement in 2006.
Gonzalez Morales died from COVID-19 on 12 February 2022 in Punta Arenas at the age of 86 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile.
References
1935 births
2022 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile
Chilean Roman Catholic bishops
Windsurfing

Windsurfing is a wind propelled water sport that is a combination of sailing and surfing. It is also referred to as "sailboarding" and "boardsailing", and emerged in the late 1960s from the aerospace and surf culture of California. Windsurfing gained a popular following across Europe and North America by the late 1970s and had achieved significant global popularity by the 1980s. Windsurfing became an Olympic sport in 1984.
Newer variants include windfoiling, kiteboarding and wingfoiling. Hydrofoil fins under the board allow the boards to safely lift out of the water and fly silently and smoothly above the surface even in lighter winds.
Windsurfing is a recreational, family friendly sport, most popular at flat water locations around the world that offer safety and accessibility for beginner and intermediate participants. Technique and equipment have evolved over the years
Major competitive disciplines include slalom, wave and freestyle. Increasingly, "foiling" is replacing traditional events and the IQfoil class is the new Olympic windsurfing racing class for France in 2024.
Modern windsurfing, as a sport and recreational activity, did not emerge until the latter half of the 20th century. The earliest version of a sailboard design utilizing a freely articulating sail on top of a board was created in 1962 by American Newman Darby. Independently, engineer Jim Drake invented and co-patented the version we all know today and called it Windsurfing- a new new concept in sailing.
References
Surfing
Wind energy
The Human Comedy

The Human Comedy is a 1943 American World War II drama movie directed by Clarence Brown and was based on the 1943 novel of the same name by William Saroyan. It stars Mickey Rooney, Marsha Hunt, Frank Morgan, James Craig, Fay Bainter, Van Johnson, Donna Reed, Dorothy Morris, Darryl Hickman and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It won an Academy Award in 1944 and was nominated for 4 others.
Other websites
1943 drama movies
1943 war movies
American war movies
1940s American drama movies
Movies based on books
MGM movies
Movies directed by Clarence Brown
General Motors C/K Trucks

The C/K was Chevrolet and GMC's full-size pickup truck. The series was produced from 1960 until 1999 in the United States. In Canada it was produced from 1965 to 1999. South American trucks were made from 1964 through 2001 in Brazil and from 1975 to 1982 in Chile.
The first Chevrolet pickup truck appeared in 1918. The buyer provided the all-wood cab or got it after an aftermarket supplier added it to the chassis. The same was true for the steel cargo bed. "C" indicated two-wheel drive and "K" indicated four-wheel drive. The aging C/K light-duty pickup truck was replaced with the Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra names in 1999 in the US and Canada. In 2001 in Brazil they were called the Chevrolet Silverado HD and GMC Sierra HD heavy-duty pickup trucks. Until this time the names Silverado and Sierra were used to identify the trim level of the C/K trucks.
References
Chevrolet automobiles
Trucks
Mayengbam

Mayengbam is a Meetei Manipuri surname or family name which has Indian origin. People of this family mainly inhabit in Manipur, India.
Notable people
Mayengbam Mohendra Kumar Singha, a Bangladeshi Manipuri social activist.
References
Meitei surnames
Tishiko King

Tishiko King is a campaign director in the Seed Indigenous Youth Climate Network. She took part in the "2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference" (COP26) in Glasgow. She also represented the Torres Strait island organization named "Our Islands Our Home". She is originally from Yorke Island in the Torres Strait Islands of Australia.
Career and activism
King studied ocean science at "Griffith University" in South East Queensland. It was possible with the financial help from CSIRO. It was the Australian agency responsible for scientific research. She then worked as an indigenous communication officer with a bauxite mining company in Weipa, on the Cape York Peninsula in Queensland. She then became the campaign director at "Seed Indigenous Youth Climate Network". She also works as a volunteer impact coordinator with "Environmental Film Festival Australia". She is also a community organizer for "Our Islands, Our Home".
King represented "Seed Indigenous Youth Climate Network" and "Our Islands, Our Home" at the COP26 meeting in Glasgow in November 2021. Due to COVID-19 restrictions, she was one of relatively few Australians to participate in the event. She first got awareness of the impact of climate change when she saw the impact of sea erosion on the graveyard of her ancestors on Masig Island. There was a picking up of their bones for reburial. There was also disappearance of the fishes from traditional fishing grounds. She declared the federal government of Australia as unfit. It was because of the failure to make indigenous people reach net zero emissions by 2050.
References
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Climate activists
Australian activists
Mulda, Germany

Mulda is a municipality in Saxony, Germany.
References
Other websites
Mittelsachsen Rural District
Young Violets Austria Wien

The Young Violets Vienna are the second team of FK Austria Wien. Till 2018 the name of the team was FK Austria Wien Amateure. The Young Violets are playing in the Regionalliga Ost, the third level in Austrian football.
Leagues (Level in Austrian football)
1998-05 Regionalliga Ost (3)
2005-2010 Erste Liga (2)
2010-2018 Regionalliga Ost (3)
2018- 2023 2. Liga (2)
2023 - Regionalliga Ost (3)
Current squad
As of 7 February 2022.
Coaching staff
Harald Suchard Headcoach
Christian Wegleitner Assistant coach
Christof Konsel Goalkeeper coach
Coaching history
Famous Players
Andreas Ulmer
Rubin Okotie
Roman Mahlich
Emir Dilaver
Heinz Lindner
Alexander Grunwald
Aleksandar Dragovic
Honours
Champion Regionalliga Ost: 2004/05
References
Austrian football clubs
Football clubs of Vienna
Archway, London

Archway is an area of north London in the London Borough of Islington.
London Borough of Islington
Areas of London
Falkenbergs FF

Falkenbergs FF is an association football club in the town of Falkenberg in Sweden. The club was founded in 1928, and played its first Superettan season in 2003.
Other websites
Official website
1928 establishments in Europe
Swedish football clubs
1920s establishments in Sweden
Alfie Curtis

Alfie Curtis (born 28 July 1930, died 30 November 2017) was a British actor. He was best known for the minor role as Dr. Evazan in Star Wars: A New Hope (1977) whose line: "I have the death sentence on twelve systems" led the franchise's first use of a lightsaber in combat. He was also in The Elephant Man and Take It or Leave It. He was born in London.
Curtis died on 30 November 2017 in Billericay, Essex at the age of 87.
References
Other websites
1930 births
2017 deaths
British movie actors
British television actors
British voice actors
British stage actors
Actors from London
Nepal Police Club

The Nepal Police own and operate the sports club known as Nepal Police Club (formerly Mahendra Police Club). The club plays in Nepal's premier club football league, the Martyr's Memorial A-Division League. Mahendra Police Club, which was founded in 1952 and is named for King Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, has been a member of the New Nepal League from that organization's founding. The club placed second in the 2004-05 season and third the next.
References
1966 establishments
Kathmandu
Asian football clubs
Bloody Sunday (1972)

Bloody Sunday ()--sometimes called the Bogside Massacre--happened on 30 January 1972, in the Bogside area of Londonderry, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom. During this protest against internment, some protesters threw stones. 26 unarmed civil rights protesters and spectators were shot by British soldiers. Thirteen males, most of whom were in their teens and twenties, were killed. A fourteenth man died from his injuries four-and-a-half months later. Two protesters were also hit by army vehicles. Five of the wounded were shot in the back. The incident happened during a Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association march. The soldiers involved were members of the First Battalion of the Parachute Regiment (1 Para).
Two investigations have been held by the British government. The Widgery Tribunal, held soon after the event, said that the soldiers and British authorities were almost reckless. Critics said the report made it seem like the British did nothing wrong. The Saville Inquiry was held in 1998 to investigate the events a second time. The inquiry took 12 years. The report was made public on 15 June 2010. The report said that some soldiers were wrong to have shot the protesters. The report found that all of the people shot were unarmed, and that the killings were "unjustified". When the Saville report was published, the British prime minister, David Cameron, said sorry to the victims.
The Provisional Irish Republican Army's (IRA) war against the partition of Ireland had begun in the two years before the incident. The incident helped the IRA to recruit new members. Bloody Sunday remains among the most important events in the Troubles of Northern Ireland. The reason it is seen as so important is because those who died were shot by the British Army rather than paramilitaries.
References
1972 in Europe
1970s in the United Kingdom
British Army
Crime in Northern Ireland
January events
Mass murder in the 1970s
Mass shootings in Europe
Massacres in the United Kingdom
Murders by firearm in the United Kingdom
The Troubles
Georgy Grechko

Georgy Mikhaylovich Grechko (; 25 May 1931 - 8 April 2017) was a Soviet cosmonaut who flew on several space flights including Soyuz 17, Soyuz 26, and Soyuz T-14.
He was twice awarded the medal of Hero of the Soviet Union.
He resigned from the space programme in 1992 to lecture on atmospheric physics at the Russian Academy of Sciences. Grechko has written his memoirs as "Kosmonavt No. 34: Ot luchiny do prishel'tsev," (Cosmonaut No. 34 From Splinter to Aliens) Olma Media Grupp, Moscow, 2013.
Grechko died aged 85 from heart failure. He was survived by wife Lyudmila and daughter Olga.
References
Other websites
"Cosmonaut No. 34. From a sliver to aliens" (G. M. Grechko, 2013, OLMA Media Group)
S. P. Korolev. Encyclopedia of life and creativity" - edited by C. A. Lopota, RSC Energia. S. P. Korolev, 2014
The official website of the city administration Baikonur - Honorary citizens of Baikonur
1931 births
2017 deaths
Cosmonauts
People from Saint Petersburg
TOEFL

The Test of English as a Foreign Language, or TOEFL, is a test which measures people's English language skills to see if they are good enough to take a course at university or graduate school in English-speaking countries. It is for people whose native language is not English but wish to study in an international University. It measures how well a person uses listening, reading, speaking and writing skills to perform academic tasks. This test is accepted by more than 10 000 colleges, universities, and agencies in more than 150 countries; which means it is the most widely recognized English test in the world.
The format of the TOEFL test has been changed three times. The first was the PBT (paper-based TOEFL test). It tests listening, reading and grammar skills with a perfect score being 677 (Paper Based). Some centers where computers are not available still offer this format. The second format is the CBT (computer-based TOEFL test). People are each provided with a computer to take the test. A writing section was added as well as the three sections. The level of listening and grammar skills are automatically changed depending on a person's English level. The third change is the iBT (Internet-based test) that is being brought in around the world which measures listening, speaking, reading and writing.
There are three procedures that people are following to take the test. First it is decided where and when you are going to
take the test because the format of the test could be either iBT or CBT depending on location. People need to register 2-3 months in advance to get a place. Second is registration in person, online, by phone, or through email. Online registration is most common and payment will be required to complete the registration. The cost changes depending on what kind of exam is taken.
As more universities and colleges want a TOEFL more people are wanting to do the test. In Korea in 2010, nearly 115,000 people took the test to demonstrate their ability in English. This was 20% of the total for people doing the test. It is considered as one of the ways for middle or high school students to apply for the high ranked domestic universities. By studying at such an advanced level, it could help to improve their English skills to get high scores in other English exams..
Related pages
TOEIC
IELTS - International English Language Testing System
References
Bluemarbles (in Korean)
Cafe Naver (in Korean)
Gohackers.com (in Korean)
TOEFL Internet Based Test
Naver.com (in Korean)
TOEFL website
TOEFL (in Korean)
Tests
María Alejandra Muñoz

Maria Alejandra Munoz Seminario (born 18 September 1979) is an Ecuadorian politician and lawyer. She was the Vice President of Ecuador from 2020 until 2021. She is the third female to hold this position, after Rosalia Arteaga and Maria Alejandra Vicuna.
On July 17, 2020, Munoz was elected as vice president by the National Assembly, after receiving 75 votes in favor of her election. She was sworn in on July 22, 2020.
References
Vice presidents of Ecuador
1979 births
Living people
Politicians from Guayaquil
1992 Formula One World Championship

The 1992 Formula One season was the 43rd edition of the championship. The champion was Nigel Mansell in a close battle. Williams won the constructors championship.
Drivers and constructors
References
Formula One seasons
1992 in sports
Cautín Province

The Cautin Province () is one of two provinces of the Chilean region of Araucania (IX). The provincial capital is the city of Temuco.
Geography
The Cautin province is in the southern half of the Araucania region with an area of . The capital, Temuco, is in the central part of the province.
Cautin is bordered to the north by the Arauco and Malleco provinces, to the east by Argentina, to the south by the Los Rios region and to the west by the Pacific Ocean.
Climate
The climate in Temuco is a Mediterranean climate (Marine West Coast Climate), Cfb in the Koppen climate classification.
The average amount of precipitation for the year in Temuco is . The month with the most precipitation on average is June with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is January with an average of .
The average temperature for the year in Temuco is . The warmest month, on average, is January with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is July, with an average temperature of .
Population
(last national census), there were 667,920 people living in the province, giving it a population density of inhabitants/km2. The urban population was 449,147 persons ( of the total population).
The largest city of the province, in 2002, is its capital, Temuco, with 227,086 inhabitants. Other cities are Padre Las Casas (33,697 inhabitants) and Villarrica (27,408 inhabitants).
Administration
As a province, Cautin is a second-level administrative division, consisting of 21 communes (comunas). The city of Temuco serves as the provincial capital. The province is administered by a governor.
Related pages
Provinces of Chile
References
Other websites
Territorial division of Chile
Gobierno Regional de la Araucania Official website
Province of Cautin website
Provinces of Chile
Milford, Michigan

Milford is a village in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 6,175 at the 2010 census.
References
Villages in Michigan
Eupora, Mississippi

Eupora is a city in Webster County, Mississippi, United States.
Cities in Mississippi
Commelinids

The name commelinids is a plant taxonomy plural, not capitalised. It is used by the APG II system for a clade in the monocots. They have cell walls which contain ferulic acid.
It forms one of three groups in the monocots. The other two groups are the alismatid monocots and the lilioid monocots.
order Arecales (palms)
order Commelinales (spiderwort, water hyacinth)
order Poales (grasses, rushes, bromeliads)
order Zingiberales (gingers, banana)
Plant taxonomy
Monocots
Ahl Iman

Ahl Iman (; meaning people of faith), is a Persian term related to religion that is used by Iranian Shia Muslim scholars, author and translator of the Quran Mirza Mahdi Elahi Qomshehei (1901 - 1973) in his Persian translation of the Quran, which is used to describe another variant of the Quranic Arabic sign words y'yh ldhyn amnw, which means o you who believe in the English language, of which the term soon used in various translations of the Quran such as the Urdu translation of the Quran by Fateh Muhammad Jalandhry as hl ymn.
Etymology
The Persian term is first founded and seen in the Persian translation of the Quran by Mirza Mahdi Elahi Ghomshei. An example of the Quranic verse that contains these words are based below:
y hl ymn, rwzy Hll w pkhyzhy khh m nSyb shm khrdhym bkhwryd w shkhr khd bh jy aryd gr shm khlS khd r myprstyd.
English meaning: O people of faith, eat the lawful and pure foods which We have bestowed upon you, and be grateful to Allah if you sincerely worship Him.
Adopted from: Surah al-Baqarah, verse 172
Usage in other translations
The same term is soon used in various Quran and other translations such as in the Urdu translation of the Quran by Fateh Muhammad Jalandhry, where the term is used as hl ymn, in the following example below:
y hl ymn jw pkhyzh chyzhN hm ny tm khw `T frmy'y hyN n khw khhw' wr gr khd by khy bndy hw tw s (khy n`mtwN) kh shkhr bhy d khrw
Source: Quran, Surah al-Baqarah, verse 172
Dwijen Sharma

Dwijen Sharma (May 29, 1929 - September 15, 2017) was a Bangladeshi naturalist and science writer. He was awarded Bangla Academy Award in 1987 and Ekushey Padak in 2015 by the Government of Bangladesh for his work in language and literature.
In 1962 he left Barisal to join the faculty of Notre Dame College, Dhaka and worked until 1974. Then, he moved to Moscow to work for Progress Publishers as a translator.
Sharma died of kidney disease on September 15, 2017 in Dhaka, Bangladesh at the age of 88.
References
Other websites
1929 births
2017 deaths
Bangladeshi writers
Naturalists
Science writers
Bangladeshi academics
Bangla Academy Literary Award winners
Recipients of the Ekushey Padak
Saint-Pardon-de-Conques

Saint-Pardon-de-Conques is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France.
Communes in Gironde
Meurville

Meurville is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France.
References
Meurville
Barcelonne-du-Gers

Barcelonne-du-Gers is a commune in the Gers department. It is in southwestern France.
Related pages
Communes of the Gers department
Communes in Gers
Aster (genus)

Aster is a genus of flowering plants. It belongs in the family Asteraceae. The genus once had nearly 600 species in Eurasia and North America. After morphologic and molecular research on the genus during the 1990s, it was decided that the North American species are better treated in a series of other related genera. After this split there are about 180 species within the genus.
Common species
Here is a list of some common species:
Aster alpinus - Alpine Aster
Aster amellus - European Michaelmas Daisy or Italian Aster
Aster linosyris - Goldilocks Aster
Aster pringlei
Aster scaber
Aster sibiricus
Aster subulatus - Hairless Fleabane
Aster tataricus - Tatarian Aster
Aster tongolensis
Aster tripolium - Sea Aster
Common North American species
Here is a list of some common North American species that are no longer in the genus Aster:
Aster breweri (now Eucephalus breweri) - Brewer's Aster
Aster cordifolius (now Symphyotrichum cordifolium) - Blue Wood Aster
Aster divaricatus (now Eurybia divaricata) - White Wood Aster
Aster ericoides (now Symphyotrichum ericoides) - Heath Aster
Aster laevis (now Symphyotrichum laeve) - Smooth Aster
Aster lateriflorus (now Symphyotrichum lateriflorum) - Lady in Black, Calico Aster
Aster novae-angliae (now Symphyotrichum novae-angliae) - New England Aster
Aster novi-belgii (now Symphyotrichum novi-belgii) - New York Aster
Aster peirsonii (now Oreostemma peirsonii) - Peirson's Aster
Aster pilosus (now Symphyotrichum pilosum) - Frost Aster
Aster scopulorum (now Ionactis alpina) - Lava Aster
References
Other websites
Aster at Ontario Wildflowers
Asteraceae
Richard S. Williamson

Richard Salisbury Williamson (May 9, 1949 - December 8, 2013) was an American lawyer, diplomat and pedagogue. He previously served as Special Envoy to Sudan under George W. Bush. Williamson was a partner at Winston & Strawn and was also Thomas J. Sharkey Distinguished Visiting Scholar at Seton Hall's Whitehead School of Diplomacy.
Williamson died of a cerebral hemorrhage at a Chicago hospital on December 8, 2013, aged 64.
References
1949 births
2013 deaths
Deaths from cerebral hemorrhage
Republican Party (United States) politicians
American diplomats
Writers from Chicago
Writers from Virginia
Politicians from Chicago
Politicians from Virginia
Lawyers from Virginia
Lawyers from Chicago
Lawyers from Evanston, Illinois
Politicians from Evanston, Illinois
Writers from Evanston, Illinois
Sligo

Sligo is a town in County Sligo, Republic of Ireland. It is not the largest town in the country but is the second largest urban area in Connacht after Galway city. It is home to Sligo Rovers F.C. who play in the League of Ireland Premier Division and won the League in 2012. It is also home to the Sligo G.A.A team. Sligo Rugby Club is in Strandhill. Sligo has a population of around 20,000 and has many tourist attractions. Sligo is at the end of the railway line from Dublin.
Notable people
Neil Jordan, Irish film director
Kian Egan, member of the Boy band, Westlife
Mark Feehily, member of Westlife
Shane Filan, member of Westlife
William Butler Yeats, poet
Constance Markievicz, first woman elected as a Member of Parliament in the United Kingdom
County towns in Ireland
County Sligo
Kuttainen

Kuttainen is a locality in Kiruna Municipality in Norrbotten County in Sweden. The locality is located near the Muonio River. In 2010, 333 people lived there.
References
Settlements in Norrbotten County
Mona Van Duyn

Mona Jane Van Duyn (May 9, 1921 - December 2, 2004) was an American poet.
Van Duyn was born in Waterloo, Iowa. She earned a BA from Iowa State Teachers College and an MA from the University of Iowa.
Her book, To See, To Take won the National Book Award in 1971. She won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1991 for Near Changes. From 1992 to 1993, she the first woman to serve as United States Poet Laureate.
Books
Valentines to the Wide World (1959)
A Time of Bees (1964)
To See, To Take: Poems (1970)
Bedtime Stories (1972.)
Merciful Disguises:: Poems Published and Unpublished (1973)
Letters From a Father, and Other Poems (1982)
Near Changes (1990)
Firefall (1992)
If It Be Not I: Collected Poems, 1959-1982 (1994)
Selected Poems (2003)
References
American poets
1921 births
2004 deaths
Alma, Illinois

Alma is a village in Illinois in the United States. The population was 386 at the 2000 census.
References
Villages in Illinois
Nawabganj Upazila, Dhaka

Nawabganj () is an upazila of Dhaka district of Bangladesh .
Location
Nawabganj Upazila is an Upazila under Dhaka District. Ichamati river , Kaliganga river and Padma river flow over this upazila . Nawabganj Upazila is located 35 km southwest of Dhaka city. Its location coordinates: 23.67deg North Latitude - 90.17deg East Longitude. Singair Upazila of Manikganj District to the North , Dohar Upazila to the South, Keraniganj Upazila to the East , Sirajdikhan Upazila and Srinagar Upazila of Munshiganj District , Harirampur Upazila of Manikganj District and Manikganj Sadar Upazila to the West .
History
There is no written history about the naming of Nawabganj. But there is a popular legend - during the Nawab period, the Nawabs and their subordinates and soldiers used to travel to Dhaka by boat from Murshidabad through the Ichamati river in Nawabganj. They used to pitch their tents and rest in this area along the banks of the Ichamati. At one point the servants of the Nawab started living in this area for the purpose of collecting rent. In this way, the population gradually increased in this area and the city was built. As a result, this area became known as Nawabganj from Nawabi period.
References
Upazilas of Dhaka District
Sacking of Osceola

The Sacking of Osceola was a Kansas Jayhawker attack to move pro-slavery Southerners at Osceola, Missouri on September 23, 1861. It was not approved by the Union military. The attack happened from an informal group of anti-slavery Kansas "Jayhawkers". The town of 2,077 people was plundered and burned to the ground. 200 slaves were freed and nine local citizens were court-martialed and killed. It was led by James H. Lane.
Aftermath
Lane's raid created hatred that led to William Quantrill's raid on Lawrence, Kansas. That raid led to four counties of western Missouri under General Order No. 11 to be evacuated.
References
Other websites
Civilwarstlouis.com history
1861 in the United States
American Civil War battles
Massacres of the American Civil War
19th century in Missouri
Toccata and Fugue in D minor

The Toccata and Fugue in D minor, BWV 565 is a work for organ by Johann Sebastian Bach. It was written about 1708. It is often identified with melodramatic silent movies and scary movies, and was made famous when Walt Disney included the music in his animated movie Fantasia. Today, though, the original manuscript is lost and the work is known through copies made by Bach's students.
In Popular Culture
Toccata has been referenced many times throughout popular culture. It is often used to represent fright, mystery, or the macabre, possibly due being written in a minor key.
References
Woodstra, Chris, et al. 2005. All Music Guide to Classical Music. All Music Guide, LLC. p. 50. .
Compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach
Solo organ pieces
Fayez Tarawneh

Fayez Tarawneh (; ; 1 May 1949 - 15 December 2021) was a Jordanian independent politician. He was the Prime Minister of Jordan twice between 1998 until 1999 and for a few months in 2012.
Tarawneh died on 15 December 2021 in Amman, Jordan, at the age of 72.
References
1949 births
2021 deaths
Prime Ministers of Jordan
Toru Sano

is a former Japanese football player and manager. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Sano was born in Shizuoka on November 15, 1963. After graduating from Hosei University, he joined Nissan Motors (later Yokohama Marinos) in 1986. From 1988 to 1990, the club won all three major title in Japan; Japan Soccer League, JSL Cup and Emperor's Cup for 2 years in a row. He could not play in the match much for injury from 1990. In 1992, Japan Soccer League was folded and founded new league J1 League. However, he retired end of 1992 without playing in J1 League.
National team career
On January 27, 1988, Sano debuted for the Japan national team against United Arab Emirates. He played full-time in all matches in 1988. He also played at 1990 Asian Games. He played 9 games for Japan until 1990.
After retirement, Sano coached at Yokohama Marinos (1993-96), Yokohama Flugels (1997-98) and Kyoto Purple Sanga (1999-03). He signed with J2 League club Thespa Kusatsu in 2005 and became a manager in 2009. In 2010, he moved to Japan Football League (JFL) club V-Varen Nagasaki. In 2012 season, however the club won the champions and was promoted to J2 League, he resigned end of the season. In 2013, he signed with Regional Leagues club Saurcos Fukui. He moved to JFL club Verspah Oita in 2016. He resigned in 2017.
Statistics
|-
|1986/87||rowspan="6"|Nissan Motors||rowspan="6"|JSL Division 1||22||0||||||||||22||0
|-
|1987/88||22||1||||||||||22||1
|-
|1988/89||18||0||||||2||0||20||0
|-
|1989/90||15||0||||||1||0||16||0
|-
|1990/91||2||0||||||4||0||6||0
|-
|1991/92||0||0||||||0||0||0||0
|-
|1992||Yokohama Marinos||J1 League||colspan="2"|-||0||0||0||0||0||0
79||1||0||0||7||0||86||1
79||1||0||0||7||0||86||1
|}
|-
|1988||5||0
|-
|1989||1||0
|-
|1990||3||0
|-
!Total||9||0
|}
References
Other websites
1963 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Japanese football managers
J1 League players
Japan Soccer League players
Yokohama F. Marinos players
Hallowell, Maine

Hallowell is a city in Kennebec County, Maine, United States.
Cities in Maine
Dan Hardy

Dan Hardy, born May 17 1982 is an English former mixed martial artist who fought in the welterweight division. A black belt in taekwondo and a brown belt in Brazilian jiu-jitsu, he is currently competing in the welterweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. He trains at Team Rough House in England with Paul Daley and Ross Pearson among others.
In March 2010, he faced Georges St-Pierre in a title fight, which he lost by unanimous decision.
References
Other websites
1982 births
Living people
British mixed martial artists
Miño de Medinaceli

Mino de Medinaceli is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and Leon in Spain.
Municipalities in Castile and Leon
Settlements in Soria
Elektra Records

Elektra Records (Elektra Entertainment Group Inc.) is an American major record label. It is owned by Warner Music Group. Elektra Records was founded in 1950 by Jac Holzman and Paul Rickolt in Holzman's St. John's College dorm room. It was combined with WMG's Atlantic Records Group in 2004. After 5 years of being inactive, Atlantic Records Group announced that they were reviving the Elektra as an independent entity within Warner Music on June 1, 2009.
In September 1994, Elektra Records was sued by heavy metal band Metallica so that they could terminate their contract with the label and gain ownership of their master recordings. In January, Metallica and Elektra announced that they settled their suit, and even though a non-disclosure agreement had kept the terms secret, media sources claimed that "a significant increase in royalty payments to the band as well as a renegotiation of the group's recording contract were key factors in Metallica and Elektra coming to terms."
References
Other websites
Official website
American record labels
1950 establishments in the United States
Christopher Hewett

Christopher Michael Hewett (5 April 1921 - 3 August 2001) was an English actor and theatre director best known for his role as Lynn Aloysius Belvedere in the American television sitcom Mr. Belvedere.
Hewett was born on 5 April 1921 in Worthing, Sussex, England. He is of Irish descent. Hewett studied at Beaumont College. Hewett was never married and had no children. During his later years, he suffered from arthritis and diabetes. Hewett died on 3 August 2001, at his Los Angeles home from complications of diabetes. He was 80 years old.
References
Other websites
1921 births
2001 deaths
Actors from Sussex
Deaths from diabetes
Disease-related deaths in Los Angeles
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
English voice actors
Kazumi Kishi

is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Kishi was born on November 25, 1975. She played for Urawa Reinas FC.
On May 21, 1998, Kishi debuted for the Japan national team against United States. She played at 1998 Asian Games. She played 9 games and scored 2 goals for Japan until 2001.
Statistics
References
1975 births
Living people
Japanese footballers
Japan women's international footballers
Nadeshiko League players
Urawa Red Diamonds Ladies players
Footballers at the 1998 Asian Games
Asian Games medalists in football
Asian Games bronze medalists for Japan
Medalists at the 1998 Asian Games
Beeston, Nottinghamshire

Beeston is a town in Borough of Broxtowe, Nottinghamshire, England. It is southwest of Nottingham.
References
Towns in Nottinghamshire