pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Bowling

Bowling is a sport where people roll a heavy ball. It was invented centuries ago when grenades were heavy iron balls. Two main kinds of bowling arose. In one kind the bowler rolls a ball near a target and knocks away the ball of another bowler. This kind includes lawn bowling.
In the more common kind nowadays, the bowler rolls the ball down a wooden bowling lane trying to knock down bowling pins. This kind includes ten-pin bowling, which is so commonplace that it is often simply called "bowling". Some people bowl at smaller pins, called "duck pins" or "candle pins" with slightly different rules.
Ten-pin
The usual kind of bowling ball has three holes, where the player puts two fingers and the thumb. The person on the lane swings the ball and lets it go to roll along the lane, attempting to knock down ten wooden pins. If the bowler does not do it right, the ball might not knock all the pins down or might roll into the gutter and hit none. Players take turns rolling their ball down the lane to see who gets the highest score.
Ten-pin bowling scores can be as low as 0 or as high as 300. Players get 10 chances to knock down all of the pins; each chance is called a frame. In each frame, players can try to knock down all of the pins up to two times. Players who do not knock down all of the pins after two tries get up to 9 points for the frame. One point is given for every pin knocked down, if any are knocked down at all. If players are able to knock down all of the pins on the first or second try, they are given 10 points for the frame plus bonus points. Frames in which a player knocks down all of the pins on the first try are scored as a strike. A strike is worth 10 points plus the number of pins knocked down by the player during their next two tries. If players do not score a strike but knock down all remaining on their second try, the frame is scored as a spare. A spare is worth 10 points plus the number of pins knocked down on the next try.
Players who score a strike or spare on their 10th frame are allowed to roll the ball up to two additional times to score their bonus points. This is the only frame where it is possible to get a strike and a spare. It is also possible to roll 3 strikes in this frame.
Sports
Hobbies
Broşteni, Suceava

Brosteni is a town in Suceava County in Romania. About 11,900 people live there.
References
Towns in Suceava County
Onești

Onesti () is a city in Bacau County, Romania. It has 51,681 people living there. It is a great tourist attraction in the summer.
Cities in Romania
The Reckoning (1908 movie)

The Reckoning is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Harry Solter, Florence Lawrence, and Mack Sennett. The movie is an adaptation of Robert W. Chambers's 1905 novel.
Actors
Harry Solter as The Husband
Florence Lawrence as The Wife
Mack Sennett as The Lover
Edward Dillon
George Gebhardt as The Bartender
Robert Harron as Man in Crowd
Arthur V. Johnson as Policeman
References
Other websites
American movies
1908 movies
American silent movies
American drama movies
Borage

Borage, also known as starflower, is an annual herb.
The flowers are perfect with five narrow, triangular-pointed petals. Flowers are most often blue in color, although pink flowers are sometimes examined. White flowered types are also grown.
Cooking
As a fresh vegetable, borage, with a cucumber like taste, is often used in salads or as a garnish. The flower, which has the non-toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid thesinine, has a sweet honey-like taste and as one of the few truly blue-colored eatable things, is often used to decorate dessert.
References
Boraginaceae
Dick Murphy

Richard M. Murphy (born December 16, 1942) is a former American politician and lawyer. He was the 33rd mayor of San Diego, California from 2000 to 2005.
References
1942 births
Living people
Mayors of San Diego
American judges
Politicians from Oak Park, Illinois
Lawyers from Illinois
Lawyers from San Diego, California
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Rashtrapati Bhavan

Rashtrapati Bhavan (, Bengali: raassttrpti bhbn ; Sanskrit for Presidential House) is the official home of the President of India, located in New Delhi, India. The present president (now Ram Nath Kovind) stays there.
References
Bibliography
Inan, Aseem, " Tensions Manifested: Reading the Viceroy's House in New Delhi", in The Emerging Asian City: Concomitant Urbanities and Urbanisms, ed. Vinayak Bharne, Routledge UK, 2012
Buildings and structures in New Delhi
Nort-Leulinghem

Nort-Leulinghem is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Juan Garcia Oliver

Juan Garcia Oliver (January 20, 1901 in Reus, Baix Camp, Spain; died July 13, 1980 in Guadalajara, Mexico) was a Spanish Anarcho-syndicalist revolutionary, and a leading figure in the history of anarchism in Spain.
Related pages
List of anarchists
Sources
My Revolutionary Life: Juan Garcia Oliver interviewed by Freddy Gomez (Translated by Paul Sharkey) (2008), Anarchist Library series #19, Kate Sharpley Library, .
1901 births
1980 deaths
Spanish anarchists
Spanish Civil War
Károly Németh (politician)

Karoly Nemeth (14 December 1922 - 12 March 2008) was a Hungarian politician born in Paka. He served as the chairman of the Hungarian Presidential Council from 25 June 1987 to 29 June 1988.
1922 births
2008 deaths
Hungarian politicians
Humayun's Tomb

Humayun's tomb (Hindustani: Maqbara-i Humayun) is the tomb of the Mughal Emperor Humayun in Delhi, India. The tomb was commissioned by Humayun's first wife and chief consort, Empress Bega Begum (also known as Haji Begum), in 1569-70, and designed by Mirak Mirza Ghiyas and his son, Sayyid Muhammad, Persian architects chosen by her. The tomb was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1993.
References
16th-century establishments in India
1572 establishments
Buildings and structures in India
World Heritage Sites in India
Delhi
Ishi
Alexander Frei

Alexander Frei (born 15 July 1979) is a Swiss football player. He plays for Basel and the Switzerland national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1997/98||Basel||Nationalliga A||11||1
|-
|1998/99||Thun||Nationalliga B||32||6
|-
|1999/00||rowspan="2"|Luzern||rowspan="2"|Nationalliga A||32||13
|-
|2000/01||20||4
|-
|2000/01||rowspan="3"|Servette||rowspan="3"|Nationalliga A||12||6
|-
|2001/02||33||17
|-
|2002/03||19||13
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="4"|Stade Rennais||rowspan="4"|Ligue 1||13||1
|-
|2003/04||28||19
|-
|2004/05||36||19
|-
|2005/06||23||7
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="3"|Borussia Dortmund||rowspan="3"|Bundesliga||32||16
|-
|2007/08||13||6
|-
|2008/09||29||12
|-
|2009/10||Basel||Super League||||
159||60
100||46
74||34
333||140
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2001||8||5
|-
|2002||6||2
|-
|2003||8||7
|-
|2004||9||2
|-
|2005||11||7
|-
|2006||11||8
|-
|2007||3||1
|-
|2008||8||5
|-
|2009||9||3
|-
!Total||73||40
|}
References
1979 births
Living people
Swiss footballers
Sportspeople from Basel
Mervyn Peake

Mervyn Peake (9 July 1911 - 17 November 1968) was a British writer and artist, best known for his fantasy series, Gormenghast.
References
Other websites
Mervyn Peake site
British writers
1911 births
1968 deaths
British artists
Bismuth(III) oxide

Bismuth(III) oxide, also known as bismite and bismuth trioxide, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Bi2O3. It has bismuth and oxide ions in it. The bismuth is in its +3 oxidation state.
Properties
Bismuth(III) oxide is a pale yellow solid. It does not dissolve in water. It dissolves in acids to make other bismuth(III) salts. When it is electrolyzed, it makes a bright red solid, bismuth(V) oxide. It has several different crystal structures that have been studied. It reacts with rare earth metal oxides and the products are being studied.
Occurrence
Bismite is the mineral form of bismuth(III) oxide. It is an ore of bismuth. Its Mohs hardness is 4.5 to 5 and its specific gravity is quite high, around 8 or 9. It is made when bismuthinite is oxidized. It was first found in Nevada in 1868.
Preparation
It can be made by reacting sodium hydroxide with a bismuth(III) salt such as bismuth(III) chloride. It can also be made by igniting powdered bismuth metal. Another way of making it is to react bismuth nitrate (made by dissolving bismuth in nitric acid) with concentrated sodium hydroxide.
Uses
Bismuth(III) oxide is used in pyrotechnics to make fireworks that burn with an effect called "dragon's eggs". Lead(II,IV) oxide was used for this in the past, but now is considered too toxic to use. It is also used in research and the making of other bismuth compounds.
Related pages
Bismuth compounds
Bismuth compounds
Oxides
Rejuvenation

Rejuvenation is the reversal of ageing.
Approach
Ageing is the accumulation of cellular and molecular damage on the body. If this damage can be repaired, it is rejuvenation.
The SENS Research Foundation founded by Aubrey de Grey classified seven types of damages that lead to ageing. The organization also proposed strategies for repairing these (Strategies for engineered negligible senescence).
References
Medicine
Prince Charles stream tree frog

The Prince Charles stream tree frog (Hyloscirtus princecharlesi) is a frog. It lives in Ecuador. Scientists have seen it 2794 meters above sea level. They saw it in exactly one place, in a cloud forest.
This frog is about 68.1-70.5 mm long from nose to rear end. This frog is black with orange spots. The iris of the eye is gray in color.
The tadpoles are brown on color with small whitish marks. The iris of the eye is blue with some green-lavender color and white marks. The belly is red-brown on color. It is darker brown toward the tail. There are whitish spots. The tail is brown near the body and lighter near the end. Later, the tadpole changes color to gray.
This frog is in danger because human beings change the places where it lives. Human beings cut down trees to get wood to build with and make a place for animals to eat grass. Chemicals that kill pests may also hurt this frog.
The scientists named this frog after then-Prince of Wales, Charles Windsor. They named it after him because he worked to protect habitats in tropical places.
References
Frogs of South America
Dariusz Michalczewski

Dariusz Tomasz Michalczewski (May 5, 1968) better known as Tiger is a Polish boxer. He was World Boxing Organization, World Boxing Association, International Boxing Federation and Lineal champion in light heavyweight for nine years. He was undefeated for twelve years.
Michalczewski started his career in 1991. He won the World Boxing Association title against Leeonzer Barber, who was undefeated for 3 years. After that he combined the World Boxing Organization title and the Lineal title. He also won the Wold Boxing Organization title against Nestor Hipolito Giovannini in Cruiserweight. In 1996 he fought against Graciano Rochigani, who was one of the best Light Heavyweight boxer at this time. Michalchewski won at round 7. He combined the World Boxing Organization, World Boxing Association, International Boxing Federation and Lineal after a win against Virgil Hill, who was one of the world's best boxers at that time. In 2000 he fought the second time against Graciano Rocchigani. He won the fight in the tenth round by knockout. After the fight against Derrick Harmon, he needed one win to stop the record of Rocky Marciano, who was undefeated for 49 fights in a row. In his fortyninth fight, he fought in the Color Line Arena, Hamburg against Julio Cesar Gonzalez. Michalchewski wasn't trained and lost by split decision. In 2005 he made a comeback against the World Boxing Association Champion Fabrice Tiozzo. He lost the fight by knockout in round five. After that, he said that he never will fight again. In his best time, he counted with Roy Jones Junior as the best light heavyweight fighter of all time.
References
Polish boxers
1968 births
Living people
Banana split

A banana split is a type of dessert. It is made with ice cream, sliced bananas, and usually toppings. The toppings often include flavored sauces, whipped cream, nuts, and most notably a cherry on top of the dessert.
One banana split has 893 calories.
History
There are a few different stories about the first banana split. People in Chicago, Illinois; Cincinnati, Ohio; and Wilmington, Ohio say that the first banana split was made in their city. However, most people say that David "Doc" Strickler made the first banana split in the city of Latrobe, Pennsylvania in 1904. He sold the first banana splits for ten cents. Many students at St. Vincent College, a school in Latrobe, liked the banana splits and told their friends in other cities about them. After a few years, the banana split was popular in many cities in the United States.
References
Other websites
Ice cream
Le Mesnil-Germain

Le Mesnil-Germain is a former commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Livarot-Pays-d'Auge.
References
Former communes in Calvados
Westhalten

Westhalten is a commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
The D18BIS and D5 roads pass through Westhalten.
Communes in Haut-Rhin
Sheffield Wednesday F.C.

Sheffield Wednesday F.C. is an English football club. They are based in Sheffield, South Yorkshire. They play their home matches at a stadium called Hillsborough Stadium. They originally played at a stadium called Olive Grove Stadium and were called The Wednesday.
The club plays in the English Football League Championship.
Fans of Sheffield Wednesday are referred to as Owls. The team's symbol is an owl.
Name
1867-1929 The Wednesday C.C./F.C.
1929-present Sheffield Wednesday F.C.
League position
Former position
Other websites
Sheffield Wednesday website
References
Football clubs in Sheffield
1867 establishments in England
Londonderry

Derry is the second largest city in Northern Ireland (after Belfast) and the fourth largest city on the island of Ireland (after Dublin, Belfast and Cork. The population is about 100,000. The city was founded in 542. It has old city walls which are still complete. The city is in County Londonderry, near the border with the Republic of Ireland's County Donegal.
History
The city was originally called Doire (pronounced duhruh) which is an Irish word for a group of oak trees. In English, this word became "Derry". After the Ulster Plantations, the London Companies gave money for the building of the Port and Walls in Derry.
In 1984 the city council changed the name of the local government area back to its original title of Derry but the city's official name is still Londonderry.
People from the Republic of Ireland call the city Derry. Many people (mostly Catholics/republicans) from Northern Ireland also call it Derry. Many people from Northern Ireland who want Northern Ireland to stay in the UK call the city Londonderry.
References
542 establishments
6th-century establishments in Europe
Cities in Northern Ireland
Establishments in Northern Ireland
County towns in Northern Ireland
Halloween II (2009 movie)

Halloween II is a slasher movie. It is a sequel to the 2007 remake. The 2009 movie is a continuation of the 2007 remake and goes forward by one year. In the movie, Michael Myers continues his search for Laurie Strode so he can reunite with his sister. This movie got negative reviews from critics when it was released.
2009 horror movies
2009 thriller movies
2000s horror thriller movies
2000s sequel movies
2000s serial killer movies
American horror thriller movies
American sequel movies
American serial killer movies
English-language movies
Halloween movies
Movies set in Illinois
Slasher movies
Movies directed by Rob Zombie
List of Ultras of Canada

Any mountain that as a topographic prominence of or more is known as an Ultra. There are 143 mountains in Canada that qualify as ultras. This is a sort-able list of them.
List
Gallery
Related pages
List of mountain peaks by prominence
List of Ultras of Mexico
List of Ultras of the United States
List of highest mountains
References
Other websites
Natural Resources Canada (NRC)
Mountains of Canada
Canada geography-related lists
Birol Ünel

Birol Unel (18 August 1961 - 3 September 2020) was a Turkish-born German actor. He was born in Mersin, Turkey. His first movie roles was in the 1988 German drama movie The Passenger - Welcome to Germany. He later became known for starring in In July (2000), Head-On (2004), Transylvania (2006), and in Soul Kitchen (2009).
Unel, suffering from alcoholism, was hospitalized in August 2020. He died a few weeks later from liver cancer in Berlin, aged 59.
References
Other websites
1961 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from liver cancer
Turkish movie actors
Turkish stage actors
Turkish television actors
German movie actors
German television actors
German voice actors
German stage actors
Actors from Berlin
Ruillé-le-Gravelais

Ruille-le-Gravelais is a former commune of 619 people (1999). It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Mayenne department in northwest France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Loiron-Ruille.
References
Former communes in Mayenne
Almohad

The Almohad Caliphate (From Arabic al-Muwahhidun, i.e., "the monotheists" or "the Unitarians"), was a Sunni Muslim empire that was founded in the 12th century, and conquered all of northern Africa as far as Libya, together with Al-Andalus (Moorish Iberia).
History
Between 1130 and his death in 1163, Abd al-Mu'min al-Kumi, a Berber from the Masmuda tribe, defeated the ruling Almoravids and became ruler over all northern Africa as far as Libya. He became Emir of Marrakech in 1149 and conquered Al-Andalus, Moorish Iberia. In 1170 the Almohads transferred their capital to Seville. But by 1212 Muhammad III, "al-Nasir" (1199-1214) was defeated by an alliance of the four Christian princes of Castile, Aragon, Kingdom of Navarre and Portugal, at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in the Sierra Morena. The Almohads lost nearly all of the Moorish dominions in Iberia soon after. The great Moorish cities of Cordoba and Seville fell into Christian possession in the first half of the 13th century. The Almohads continued to rule in Africa for some time, but they lost a lot of their territory. The last representative of the line, Idris II, had only Marrakech left. There he was murdered by a slave in 1269.
Muwahhadi (Almohad) Caliphs,1121-1269
Ibn Tumart 1121-1130
Abd al-Mu'min 1130-1163
Abu Ya'qub Yusuf I 1163-1184
Abu Yusuf Ya'qub al-Mansur 1184-1199
Muhammad an-Nasir 1199-1213
Abu Ya'qub Yusuf II 1213-1224
Abd al-Wahid I 1224
Abdallah al-Adil 1224-1227
Yahya 1227-1235
Idris I 1227-1232
Abdul-Wahid II 1232-1242
Ali 1242-1248
Umar 1248-1266
Idris II 1266-1269
Culture
Sufi writers.
Sidi Abu Madyan Choaib ben al-Houssein al-Ansari (1126-1198)
Ali ibn Harzihim (m.1164)
Abi Mohammed Salih (1153-1234)
Abu Abdallah ibn Harzihim (m.1235)
Abu-l-Hassan ash-Shadhili (1197-1258)
Abdelwahid al-Marrakushi (b. 1185) historian and writer
Salih ben Sharif al-Rundi (1204-1285)
Related pages
History of Islam
History of Spain
Nasrid
Reconquista
References
History of the Almonades, Reinhart Dozy, (second edition, 1881)
Mica Enciclopedie de Istorie Universala, Marcel D. Popa, Horia C. Matei, (Bucharest, Editura Politica 1988)
Other websites
Historical maps of Almohad Dynasty Maps to be combined and compared
Almohads Dynasty Berber dynasty
Former countries in Europe
Former countries in Africa
Almohad dynasty
Former empires
1121 establishments
1269 disestablishments
12th-century establishments in Europe
12th-century establishments in Africa
Disestablishments in Europe
Disestablishments in Africa
Nivala

Nivala is a city in Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland. As of January 2014, almost 10,950 people lived there. Nearby municipalities are Haapajarvi, Haapavesi, Sievi and Ylivieska. The historical name of Nivala is Pidisjarvi.
Other websites
Official website
Newspaper
Cities in Finland
Municipalities of North Ostrobothnia
Papallacta tree frog

The Papallacta tree frog (Hyloscirtus psarolaimus) is a frog. It lives on the east site of the Cordillera Oriental in Colombia and Ecuador. Scientists have seen it between 1950 and 2660 meters above sea level.
The adult male frog is about 55.0 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is about 60.2 mm long. The skin on the frog's back is gray-brown in color with brown and white spots. The sides and parts of the legs are white with dark brown stripes. The throat and belly are gray-white with brown and gray spots. The iris of the eye is the color of bronze with black lines in it.
This frog's scientific name comes from the Greek language word psaros for "mottled" and laimos for "throat." It comes from the colors on the frog's throat.
References
Frogs of South America
Skumin

Skumin ( is a Lithuanian, Polish and Russian masculine nobleman surname, its feminine counterpart is Skumina.
Notable people with the surname
Alexander Skumin (1748-1775), statesman of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Andrew N. Skumin (1909-1984), the Colonel of Justice, WWII Veteran, an officer of KGB, Chairman of the Military Tribunal of the Internal Internal Troops of the Volga Military District
Anna Skumina (1730-1772)
Anthony Skumin (1899-1965), WWI Veteran US Army
Edward A Skumin (1898-1935), WWI Veteran US Army
Ivan Skumin (?-1566)
Janusz Skumin (1570-1642), Polish nobleman and politician
Jerzy Skumin (1596-1656), religious leader and statesman of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
John Skumin Sr (1935-2014) was a graduate of Berkshire Community College with an Associate Degree in Criminal Justice. He served in the Massachusetts National Guard.
Jozef Skumin (1716-1790), knight of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland)
Katarzyna Eugenia Skumina (1610-1648), Polish noble lady
Ludwik Skumin (1748-1808), Field Lithuanian Hetman, Grand Treasurer of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. He received the Russian Orders of St. Alexander Nevsky and of St. Andrew
Theodore Skumin (1538-1618), Royal nobleman of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Victor A. Skumin (born 1948), Russian scientist, philosopher and writer
V. L. Skumin
Gallery
Related pages
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Victor Skumin
References
Other websites
Russian-language surnames
Russian nobility
AeroAndina MXP-158 Embera

The AeroAndina MXP-158 Embera is a Colombian ultralight aircraft that was designed and produced by AeroAndina.
It can fit 2 people and has a Rotax 912 engine.
Performance
Maximum speed: 190 km/h (120 mph, 100 kn)
Cruise speed: 175 km/h (109 mph, 94 kn)
Aircraft
Muhammad Musa (general)

General Muhammad Musa Khan Hazara (October 20, 1908 - March 12, 1991) was a military personnel and politician in Pakistan. He was the fourth Commander in Chief of Pakistan Army from 1966 to 1969.
He was the eldest son of Sardar Yazdan Khan, born in a Hazara family of Quetta, British India, in 1908. He died in 12 March 1991 in office as Governor of Balochistan.
Related pages
Hazara people
Sharbat Ali Changezi
References
Other websites
Hazara people
Politicians from Balochistan (Pakistan)
1908 births
1991 deaths
Don't Break the Oath

Don't Break the Oath is the second studio album by Mercyful Fate, a heavy metal band from Denmark. Some people who make music and people who talk about music think it is one of the best heavy metal albums ever.
History
In the 1980s, there were a lot of bands in Europe playing heavy metal. Many of them were playing music like bands from the United Kingdom, in a way that was called the New Wave of British Heavy Metal (or NWOBHM for short). There were a lot of hard rock bands, too, and there were a lot of things hard rock bands and NWOBHM bands both did. Mercyful Fate was one of the first few NWOBHM bands to be different from hard rock bands on purpose.
King Diamond, the singer and leader of Mercyful Fate, painted his face with upside-down crosses and wrote lyrics about Satan, Hell, and things like that. Hank Shermann, the band's guitarist, played very fast and with a lot of guitar solos to help make the band sound evil. Mercyful Fate had already started to do these things in 1983 with their last album, Melissa.
Sound
How they played their instruments
Hank Shermann and Michael Denner wrote the songs in a way that fit well with King Diamond's singing. Like on Melissa, King Diamond sang in a high-pitched way that was different from other heavy metal singers.
What the songs are about
All of the ideas in all of the songs are evil. They talk about things like bringing back people from the dead, casting black magic, and witches and demons. Worshipping Satan is a special subject, and is talked about on almost every song.
Song list
"A Dangerous Meeting" - 5:12
"Nightmare" - 6:21
"Desecration of Souls" - 4:57
"Night of the Unborn" - 5:02
"The Oath" - 7:34
"Gypsy" - 3:10
"Welcome Princess of Hell" - 4:06
"To One Far Away" - 1:31
"Come to the Sabbath" - 5:18
People who made the album
People who played music on the album
King Diamond - singing, keyboards
Hank Shermann - guitar
Michael Denner - guitar
Timi "Grabber" Hansen - bass
Kim Ruzz - drums
People who helped make the album sound right
Bill Turjancik - producer
Henrik Lund - producer, engineer
Niels Erik Otto - engineer
1984 albums
Heavy metal albums
La Tour, Alpes-Maritimes

La Tour, Alpes-Maritimes is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the south of France.
Communes in Alpes-Maritimes
Moxico Province

Moxico is the largest province of Angola. There are about 230,000 people. Luena is the capital of the province. The Cameia National Park is located in Moxico.
References
Provinces of Angola
Leventina District

Leventina is a district of the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. The capital city of the district is Faido.
Circles and municipalities
Districts of Ticino
Chazeaux

Chazeaux is a commune of the Ardeche departement in the southern part of France.
Chazeaux
Liu Zhaowu

Liu Zhaowu is an archer from China. He was born on 12 October 1988 in Fujian. Zhaowu competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics.
References
Other websites
Chinese archers
Chinese Olympians
1988 births
Living people
Pragathi Guruprasad

Pragathi Guruprasad is a Singaporean-born American singer who has worked in Tamil language movies. She was born in Fremont, California. She finished as a runner-up in the third season of the reality-based singing competition Airtel Super Singer Junior in 2012.
Discography
Other websites
References
1997 births
Living people
Indian singers
Peter Whittingham

Peter Michael Whittingham (8 September 1984 - 19 March 2020) was an English professional footballer. His primary position was as a central midfielder.
He was part of the Aston Villa team that won the FA Youth Cup in 2002, and a year later he made his Premier League debut. Whittingham had loans at Championship clubs Burnley and Derby County in 2005. In January 2007, he signed for Cardiff City for a fee of PS350,000.
In eleven seasons at Cardiff, Whittingham played 457 competitive matches and scored 96 goals, putting him seventh all-time appearances list.
Whittingham died on 19 March 2020, aged 35, at a Cardiff hospital, after suffering a head injury three days before.
References
1984 births
2020 deaths
Accidental deaths from falls
English footballers
Sportspeople from Warwickshire
Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (founder of Nicaragua)

Francisco Hernandez de Cordoba (1475 ? - 1526) is usually reputed as the founder of Nicaragua, and in fact he founded two important Nicaraguan cities, Granada and Leon.
References
1470s births
1526 deaths
Nicaraguan people
Elizabeth Lee (politician)

Elizabeth Lee is a South Korean-born Australian politician. She has served as the Leader of the Opposition in the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly and the leader of the Canberra Liberals since 2020.
References
Leaders of the Opposition (Australian Capital Territory)
Allan Funk

Allan Eric Funk (born July 7, 1971) is an American professional wrestler. He currently competes in Lucha Libre USA where he competes under the ring name Chi Chi.
He is best known for his time in World Championship Wrestling (WCW) where he competed under the ring name Kwee Wee and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) under the name Bruce where he was one-half of The Rainbow Express, a stereotypical homosexual tag team with Lenny Lane.
Championships
Big Time Wrestling
BTW Ohio Tag Team Championship (one time)
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling
Miss TNA (one time)
References
Other websites
Archive of Kwee Wee's WCW profile
Online World of Wrestling profile
1971 births
Living people
American professional wrestlers
Sportspeople from Ohio
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling alumni
Azerbaijan State Philharmonic Hall

The Magomayev Azerbaijan State Philharmonic Hall (Azeri: Maqomayev adina Az@rbaycan Dovl@t Filarmoniyasi) is the main concert hall for classical music and folk music in the capital of Azerbaijan, Baku.
History
The Azerbaijan State Philharmonic Hall was built between the years 1910-1912 at the request of the city elite and is designed in the Italian Renaissance (outside) and German Rococo (inside) architectural styles. Its design was influenced by the architectural style of the buildings of the Monte-Carlo Casino, particularly the Opera de Monte-Carlo. The building was originally organized as a club for the wealthy of Baku, who attended it for banquets and entertainment. During the Russian Civil War it was a place for public rallies. In 1936, the club was officially reorganized into a residence for the philharmonic society aimed at promoting Azerbaijani classical and folk music. On 11 August 1937 after the building was renovated, it was named after the Azerbaijani composer Muslim Magomayev. In 1995, the hall was closed down for more than 8 years for another renovation. It was not until November 2002 that the restoration works finally started due to President Heydar Aliyev's special decree. The opening of the fully renovated building happened on 27 January 2004.
Building
The main building has two halls: The Summer Hall with 1100 seats and the Winter Hall with 610 seats, which are joined by a single stage. The Azerbaijan State Philharmonic Hall is home to 7 performing groups:
The Azerbaijan State Symphony Orchestra
The Azerbaijan State Choir Capella
The Azerbaijan State Chamber Orchestra
The Azerbaijan State Piano Trio
The Azerbaijan State String Quartet
The Azerbaijan State Folk Song and Dance Ensemble
The Azerbaijan State Orchestra of Folk Instruments
Related pages
Concert hall
Concert
References
Other websites
Azerbaijan State Academic Opera and Ballet Theater Official Website
The Ali and Nino Walking Tour: Philharmonic Hall by Betty Blair and Fuad Akhundov. Azerbaijan International Magazine. #12.2. Summer 2004
Concert halls
Buildings and structures in Baku
Entertainment venues in Azerbaijan
1912 establishments
1910s establishments in Azerbaijan
Scottish Gaelic language

Scottish Gaelic (Gaidhlig, pronounced "Gah-lick") is a Celtic language. It is commonly called just Scots Gaelic in Scottish English. It is a sister language of Irish Gaelic and Manx Gaelic; all three are Goidelic languages. These are related to the Welsh language, Cornish language and the Breton language (these three are Brittonic or Brythonic languages).
History
In past times, the Scottish Gaelic was spoken across all of Scotland except for the Northern Islands (Orkney and Shetland). In the later part of the Middle Ages, the kings of Scotland began to speak Scottish English and looked down on the Scottish Gaelic. After the union of England and Scotland, the Scottish Gaelic was snubbed and looked down on even more, and Scottish English took over.
Today
Scottish Gaelic today is basically spoken in the Outer Hebrides and on Skye. Generally speaking, the Scottish Gaelic spoken across the Western Isles is similar enough to be classed as one major dialect group, but there is some regional variation.
A census in the United Kingdom in 2001 showed that a total of 58,652 (1.2% of the Scottish population aged over three years old) in Scotland could then speak some amount of Scottish Gaelic. Only the Western Isles have more people who can speak the Scottish Gaelic than not (61% of the people there speak Scottish Gaelic). The place in Scotland with the largest percentage of speakers is a village called Barvas on the Isle of Lewis, where, 74.7% of the people there speak Scottish Gaelic.
Children in Scotland do not have to learn Scottish Gaelic in schools, but it is becoming a more popular subject as Scottish Gaelic is an important part of their Scottish culture.
Scottish Gaelic is also used overseas. It is estimated that 1,000-2,000 in Nova Scotia, Canada, can speak some Scottish Gaelic.
References
Celtic languages
Mary Rowlandson

Mary (White) Rowlandson, later Mary Talcott (c. 1637January 5, 1711) was a colonial American woman. She was captured by Indians during King Philip's War. She was held in captivity for three months before being ransomed. Six years after her ordeal, she wrote The Sovereignty and Goodness of God: Being a Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson. It was published in 1682. This text is considered an American leader in the literary genre of captivity narratives. It went through four printings in 1682. It was widely read in colonial New England and in England. It is considered the first American "bestseller."
Early years
Mary White was born about 1637 in Somersetshire, England. The family left England sometime before 1650. They settled at Salem in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In 1653, they moved to Lancaster, Massachusetts. Lancaster was on the Massachusetts frontier. She married Reverend Joseph Rowlandson there in 1656. They had four children between 1658 and 1669. Their first daughter died young.
Indian attack
At sunrise in February 1676 during King Philip's War, Lancaster was attacked by Narragansett, Wampanoag and Nipmuc Indians. They killed 13 people. At least 24 were taken captive. Many of the captives were injured. Rowlandson and her three children, Joseph, Mary, and Sarah, were among those taken in the raid. Rowlandson's 6-year-old daughter, Sarah, died from her wounds after a week of captivity. For nearly three months, Rowlandson and her children were forced to stay with the Indians. The Indians travelled through the wilderness to carry out other raids. They also wanted to hide from the English militia. Rowlandson suffered very much. She described her sufferings in great detail in her book.
Ransom and later life
On May 2, 1676, Rowlandson was ransomed for PS20. The money was raised by the women of Boston. In 1677, Reverend Rowlandson moved his family to Wethersfield, Connecticut. He became pastor in April of that year. He died in Wethersfield in November 1678. Church officials gave his widow a pension of PS30 per year. Rowlandson and her children moved to Boston. On August 6, 1679, Rowlandson married Captain Samuel Talcott and took his last name. She died on January 5, 1711. Rowlandson is thought to have written the story of her captivity in Boston. The original manuscript has not survived. It was published both in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and in London in 1682.
References
Other websites
Mary Rowlandson - Captive in 1675/76
"Soveraignty and Goodness of God"
American frontiersmen and women
1630s births
1711 deaths
Lünen

Lunen is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. 88,000 people live there. Lunen has got two important football clubs: Luner SV and BV Brambauer. Luner SV is playing in the "Bezirksliga (8. league), but in 1963 the club achieved his greatest aim. They got Champion of Westphalia.
References
Other websites
Unna Rural District
Tamil Wikipedia

The Tamil Wikipedia () is the Tamil-language version of Wikipedia. It was started in September 2003. As of March 2017, it has over 91,000 articles.
References
Other websites
Tamil Wikipedia main page
Wikipedias
Websites established in 2003
Tamil language
Alexei Panshin

Alexei Panshin (August 14, 1940 - August 21, 2022) was an American writer. He wrote the 1968 Nebula Award-winning novel Rite of Passage and the 1990 Hugo Award-winning study of science fiction The World Beyond the Hill. Panshin was born in Lansing, Michigan. He was also a well known critic of science fiction novels.
Panshin died on August 21, 2022, one week after his 82nd birthday.
References
1940 births
2022 deaths
American literary critics
American novelists
Writers from Michigan
People from Lansing, Michigan
Nebula Award winning writers
Hugo Award winning writers
Magnitude

Magnitude could mean:
Magnitude (mathematics), a measure of the size of a mathematical object.
In astronomy:
Magnitude (astronomy)
Magnitude of an eclipse
In seismology:
Either of two measures of earthquake strength:
Richter magnitude scale
Moment magnitude scale
Other:
Magnitude is an attack in the Pokemon fictional world
Related pages
Order of magnitude, a coarse measure of numerical size
Armeau

Armeau is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
Namesake

A namesake is a person named after another person. In general, a thing (such as a company, place, ship, building, or idea) named after a person or thing that first had the name.
Family
Naming a child after a relative, friend, or well-known person is common in the English-speaking world. When a son is named for his father, they add "Jr."/"II", "III'", or another suffix to the name of the son.
Concepts
Buildings, such as the Trump Tower (named after Donald Trump, and companies, like the Ford Motor Company (named after Henry Ford, are often named for their founders or owners. A city may be named after someone. For example, Lawrence, Kansas is named after Amos Adams Lawrence.
References
Other websites
Names
Lärbro

Larbro is a locality in Gotland Municipality in Gotland County in Sweden. In 2010, 484 people lived there. It is located in the north approximately away from Slite. The place had train connection with Visby between 1921 and 1960. One sight of the place is the medieval Larbro Church..
References
Settlements in Gotland County
Juan Vital Sourrouille

Juan Vital Sourrouille (13 August 1940 - 21 July 2021) was an Argentine economist and politician. Sourrouille was born in Buenos Aires. He was the Minister of Economy of Argentina during the government of Raul Alfonsin from 1985 until 1989. He created the Austral plan.
Sourrouille died on 21 July 2021 in Buenos Aires from colorectal cancer, aged 80.
References
1940 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from colorectal cancer
Politicians from Buenos Aires
Argentine economists
Scientists from Buenos Aires
Raoul Walsh

Raoul A. Walsh (March 11, 1887December 31, 1980) was an American film director and actor. He also founded the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. He was known for playing the part of John Wilkes Booth in the movie The Birth of a Nation (1915). He also directed films like The Big Trail (1930) starring John Wayne, High Sierra (1941) starring Ida Lupino and Humphrey Bogart, and White Heat (1949) with James Cagney and Edmond O'Brien.
Death
Walsh died on December 31,1980 and is buried in Ventura County, California.
References
1887 births
1980 deaths
American movie actors
American movie directors
Kauffenheim

Kauffenheim is a commune. It is in Grand Est in the Bas-Rhin department in northeast France.
Communes in Bas-Rhin
Donald Trump Jr.

Donald John "Don" Trump Jr. (born December 31, 1977) is an American businessman and former reality TV personality. He is the oldest child of real estate developer and President of the United States, Donald Trump, and his first wife, Czech model Ivana Trump. He works alongside his brother Eric as a trustee of The Trump Organization. A longtime company Executive VP, in his trustee role he and his brother ran the company during his father's presidency.
He wrote two books: Triggered in 2019 and Liberal Privilege in 2020.
On February 12, 2018, Donald Trump Jr's wife Vanessa opened mail with white powder in it, so she was rushed to hospital as a precaution.
References
1977 births
Living people
Businesspeople from New York City
Children of Presidents of the United States
Trump family
Writers from New York City
American political writers
Television personalities from New York City
American political activists
Franco Graziosi

Franco Graziosi (10 July 1929 - 8 September 2021) was an Italian actor. He was born in Macerata, Italy. He began his career in 1960. He was best known for his roles in The Terrorist, Duck, You Sucker! and We Have a Pope.
Graziosi died on 8 September 2021 in Rome at the age of 92.
References
Other websites
1929 births
2021 deaths
Italian movie actors
Italian television actors
Italian stage actors
Italian voice actors
Masami Sato

Masami Sato (born 26 August 1981) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|2000||rowspan="4"|Yokohama||Football League||6||0||2||1||colspan="2"|-||8||1
|-
|2001||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||22||3||3||3||4||1||29||7
|-
|2002||26||1||1||1||colspan="2"|-||27||2
|-
|2003||16||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||16||2
|-
|2003||Yokogawa Musashino||Football League||9||3||0||0||colspan="2"|-||9||3
|-
|2004||rowspan="4"|Thespa Kusatsu||Football League||30||9||5||2||colspan="2"|-||35||11
|-
|2005||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||27||5||2||2||colspan="2"|-||29||7
|-
|2006||27||2||2||0||colspan="2"|-||29||2
|-
|2007||12||1||2||0||colspan="2"|-||14||1
175||26||17||9||4||1||196||36
175||26||17||9||4||1||196||36
|}
References
1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Kanagawa Prefecture
Elsa Cayat

Elsa Cayat () (9 March 1960 - 7 January 2015) was a French psychoanalyst and columnist. She had a biweekly column "Le Divan" ('"The Couch") in Charlie Hebdo. The column was based on facts she hated about society. Cayat was also the author of several works on the couple and sexuality, one with the participation of Antonio Fischetti, physics teacher and researcher.
Cayat died in the January 2015 shooting attack on the Charlie Hebdo newspaper offices in Paris, aged 54.
References
1960s births
2015 deaths
French journalists
French murder victims
French scientists
Murders by firearm in France
Writers from Paris
Paul Romer

Paul Michael Romer (born November 7, 1955) is an American economist. He is known for creating the endogenous growth theory. He won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2018 alongside William Nordhaus. He was Chief Economist and Senior Vice President of the World Bank until he resigned in January 2018. He had been on leave from his position as professor of economics at the Stern School of Business at New York University. His father is former Governor of Colorado Roy Romer.
References
1955 births
Living people
American economists
New York University faculty
Writers from Denver
Eisenkammer Pirna

The Eisenkammer Pirna was a place in Germany where iron was refined. It existed from 1472 to 1686.
Iron
Munir Mangal

Munir Mohamad Mangal (1950 - May 2, 2020) was an Afghan general. His professional military career lasted more than 40 years. Mangal was in high-level military and government positions. He was the Commander of the Afghan National Police, before his retirement in 2016.
Mangal was born in Samkanay District, Paktia Province, Afghanistan, in 1950.
Mangal died from COVID-19 at his home in Kabul on May 2, 2020, at the age of 70.
References
1950 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic
Afghan generals
Natural law

Natural law is the idea that there are forms of law that exist by themselves in nature, regardless of whether people exist or recognise them or not. Unlike other forms of law (called positive laws) that have been agreed on by society, such laws would be given to all, and would not be possible to go against. Such rights are called natural. In modern times, human rights are often seen as coming from natural law, but the idea goes back to Ancient Greece.
Natural law is often founded on the following:
God, who created natural law with creating the world
Logos, an idea from philosophy; this is interpreted to be divine law
Part of natural law inside human beings (called Self-knowledge, sometimes conscience)
Certain laws that can be deduced from the natural sciences
Nature itself
Reason
Important philosophers who developed natural law include Aristotle, Plato, Seneca the Younger, Thomas Aquinas, and Immanuel Kant. People who criticized this approach include Jeremy Bentham and Hans Kelsen.
Related pages
Constitution
Jurisprudence
Types of law
Philosophy
Danielle Treasure

Danielle Treasure is a swimmer from Barbados. She was born on 3 September 2003. Treasure competed at the 2018 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m), in Hangzhou, China.
References
Other websites
2003 births
Living people
Barbadian sportspeople
Swimmers
Hobyót language

Hobyot is a Semitic language. It is spoken by fewer than 500 people in Eastern Yemen and Western Oman. Hobyot could go extinct soon.
References
Semitic languages
Languages of Oman
Yemen
Endangered languages
John O'Dowd

John Fitzgerald O'Dowd (born 10 May 1967) is an Irish Sinn Fein politician. He has been the Minister for Infrastructure since 16 May 2022 and the Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly for Upper Bann since 2003. He was the Minister for Education from 2011 to 2016. He was the deputy First Minister in 2011 for a short time.
References
1967 births
Living people
Northern Ireland politicians
The Filipino Channel

The Filipino Channel, commonly known as TFC, is a 24-hour global subscription television network based in Daly City, California with studio in Redwood City, California.
Offices
TFC has offices in Africa, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Cayman Islands, UAE, Ethiopia, Hungary, Israel, Japan, Mexico, Middle East, the Netherlands, New Zealand, South Africa, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia and the United Kingdom.
iWantTFC
On 1 September 2020, TFC Online its online streaming merged with iWant made the service accessible worldwide. It was soft launched as iWantTFC.
TFC IPTV
Launched on 30 April 2007, TFC IPTV (formerly known as TFCko) is an IPTV and video on demand (VOD) service distributed around the world under the brand of The Filipino Channel.
Channels
ANC Global
Cine Mo! Global
Cinema One Global
Knowledge Channel
MOR Entertainment
Myx TV
TeleRadyo
TFC HD
Video on demand
iWantTFC Originals
Jeepney TV
Karaoke
KBO Unlimited
TFC PPV
Viva
Studio TFC
Related pages
A2Z
ABS-CBN
DZRH-AM
DWFM-FM
BEAM TV
DWPM-AM
DWIZ-AM
DWBL-AM
ABS-CBN Corporation
Radio Philippines Network
People's Television Network
Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation
Philippine Broadcasting Service
References
Further reading
Philippine television networks
1994 establishments in Asia
List of speakers of the Parliament of Iran

This article lists the speakers of the Parliament of Iran, from the Persian Constitutional Revolution to present.
List of speakers
Speakers and deputies after the Revolution
Source:
Aging speakers
Traditionally, after a new term of the parliament is started and the new speaker is not elected yet, by default the eldest member of the parliament becomes the temporary speaker also known as the "Aging Speaker" (). The second-eldest member becomes his/her deputy. The two youngest members or Baby of the House take office as temporary secretaire.
Source:
References
Other websites
Official website of the Parliament of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Speakers
Annemasse

Annemasse is a commune. It is in Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Haute-Savoie department in southeast France.
It is about east of Geneva.
References
Communes in Haute-Savoie
Camille Gutt

Camille Gutt (born Camille Guttenstein; 14 November 1884 - 7 June 1971) was a Belgian economist, politician, and industrialist. He served as the first Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) from 6 May 1946 to 5 May 1951. Gutt was responsible for saving the Belgian franc before and after World War II.
Honours
: Grand Cordon in the Order of Leopold.
: Knight Grand Cross in the Order of Orange-Nassau.
: Knight Grand Cross in the Order of the Oak Crown.
: Knight Grand Cross in the Order of Merit.
: Grand Officer in the Legion of Honour.
References
Other websites
IMF Archives
United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference Final Act (Bretton Woods, New Hampshire July 1 to July 22, 1944)
1884 births
1971 deaths
Managing Directors of the International Monetary Fund
Belgian economists
Belgian lawyers
People from Brussels