pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Tommy Kirk

Thomas Lee "Tommy" Kirk (December 10, 1941 - September 28, 2021) was an American actor and businessman. He was best known for his work with the Disney Studios.
Career
Kirk's Disney career began in 1956 when he played Joe Hardy in The Mickey Mouse Club serial The Hardy Boys: The Mystery of the Applegate Treasure. The Disney movies Old Yeller (1957), The Shaggy Dog (1959), and Swiss Family Robinson (1960) made him a popular teen star.
The Disney Studios dropped Kirk's contract when a woman complained to the Studio about the young actor's relationship with her 15 year old son. He went to American International Pictures. He appeared in their low-budget teen movies such as Pajama Party and How to Stuff a Wild Bikini.
Kirk was arrested for drug possession on Christmas Eve 1964. In 1970, he retired from movies and sought help for his dependency issues. He ran his own carpet and upholstery cleaning business. He wrote, and sometimes acted. Kirk became a Disney Legend on October 9, 2006.
Personal life
Kirk is openly gay. He was interviewed by the National Enquirer of January 2013 and said: "I don't blame anybody but myself and my drug abuse for my career going haywire. I'm not ashamed of being gay, never have been, and never will be. For that I make no apologies. I have no animosity toward anybody because the truth is, I wrecked my own career."
Kirk was born in Louisville, Kentucky. He died at his Las Vegas, Nevada home on September 28, 2021 at the age of 79.
Filmography
Attack of the 60 Ft. Centerfold (1995)
My Name Is Legend (1976)
Mars Needs Women (1968)
Catalina Caper (1967) as Don Pringle
It's a Bikini World (1967) as Mike Samson/Herbert Samson
The Ghost in the Invisible Bikini (1966) as Chuck Phillips
Village of the Giants (1965) as Mike
The Monkey's Uncle (1965) as Merlin Jones
Pajama Party (1964) as Go-Go
The Misadventures of Merlin Jones (1964) as Merlin Jones
Son of Flubber (1963) as Biff Hawk
Savage Sam (1963) as Travis Coates
Moon Pilot (1962) as Walter Talbot
Bon Voyage! (1962) as Elliott Willard
The Absent-Minded Professor (1961) as Bill Hawk
Babes in Toyland (1961) as Grumio
The Snow Queen (1960) as [Voice of] Kay
Swiss Family Robinson (1960) as Ernst Robinson
The Shaggy Dog (1959) as Wilby Daniels
Old Yeller (1958) as Travis Coates
Down Liberty Road (1956) as Jimmy Rawlins
References
Other websites
TCM: Tommy Kirk
Curzon, Daniel. 2005. Dropping Names. IGNA Books. pp. 39-40.
Griffin, Sean. 2000. Tinker Belles and Evil Queens: The Walt Disney Company from the Inside Out. NYU Press. pp. 99-101.
LGBT actors
1941 births
2021 deaths
American LGBT people
Gay men
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Louisville, Kentucky
Businesspeople from Kentucky
LGBT businesspeople
American child actors
Succession to the Danish throne

The line of succession to the Danish throne is the list of people who may become King or Queen of Denmark.
History
Since 2009, Danish law identifies the eldest child of a Danish monarch the royal heir. The first-born child follows his or her parent on the throne. This is known as full or equal primogeniture.
Order of succession
In 2023, the current order of succession is clear.
King Frederick IX (1899-1972)
Queen Margrethe II (born 1940)
(1) Crown Prince Frederik (b. 1968)
(2) Prince Christian (b. 2005)
(3) Princess Isabella (b. 2007)
(4) Prince Vincent (b. 2011)
(5) Princess Josephine (b. 2011)
(6) Prince Joachim (b. 1969)
(7) Count Nikolai of Monpezat (b. 1999)
(8) Count Felix of Monpezat (b. 2002)
(9) Count Henrik of Monpezat (b. 2009)
(10) Countess Athena of Monpezat (b. 2012)
(11) Princess Benedikte, Princess of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (b. 1944)
Gustav, 7th Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (b. 1969)
Princess Alexandra of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (b. 1970)
Count Richard von Pfeil und Klein-Ellguth (b. 1999)
Countess Ingrid von Pfeil und Klein-Ellguth (b. 2003)
Princess Nathalie of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (b. 1975)
Konstantin Johannsmann (b. 2010)
Louisa Johannsmann (b. 2015)
Note
The consent to Princess Benedikte's marriage to Prince Richard of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg in 1968 was given on the condition that their children (and further descendants) would have to take up permanent residence in Denmark during the age of mandatory education if they were to retain their succession rights. Since the condition was not met, Princess Benedikte's children are not deemed to have succession rights and are not included in the official line of succession. It is unclear whether their own descendants will have succession rights if residing in Denmark during the age of mandatory education. One Danish constitutional scholar, the late Professor Henrik Zahle, claimed that the children of Princess Benedikte do have succession rights, but without providing any arguments for the claim.
Family tree
Related pages
Order of succession
References
Other websites
Danish Monarchy , official website
Succession to the Throne Act, 1953
Danish royalty
Denmark
William Waad

Sir William Waad (also Wade or Wadd) (1546 - 1623) was an English diplomat and administrator. He served as a special diplomatic agent for Elizabeth I of England. She sent him to France to collect papers which were used to convict her sister, Queen Mary. Waad also carried out the questioning and interrogations of political prisoners, often using torture to get the answers. He was involved in questioning Sir Walter Raleigh, members of the Gunpowder Plot, and the Essex rebellion among others.
References
1546 births
1623 deaths
English politicians
Mikheil Saakashvili

Mikhail Saakashvili (; born December 21, 1967) is a Georgian politician and was the President of Georgia. As of 2020 he is head of National Reform Council of Ukraine.
In October 2021, Mikheil Saakashvili, was arrested after returning illegally to his country, after being in exile outside Georgia since 2013. A gesture he explained by his willingness to fight alongside his compatriots in the country.
Right now, the Georgian ex-president is in jail and in a very bad position. Doctors have found that he has been poisoned and the Georgian government do not let him go to the jury.
1967 births
Living people
Presidents of Georgia
Politicians from Tbilisi
Bob Dearing

Bob M. Dearing (January 26, 1935 - July 30, 2020) was an American politician, educator, and businessman. He was a Democratic member of the Mississippi Senate. He represented the 37th District from 1980 to 2011. In 2011, he was defeated by Republican Melanie Sojourner. He ran for the seat again in 2015, and defeated Sojourner. Dearing was born in Natchez, Mississippi.
Dearing died on July 30, 2020 in Natchez at the age of 85.
References
1935 births
2020 deaths
State legislators of the United States
Educators from Mississippi
Politicians from Mississippi
Businesspeople from Mississippi
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Breakfast in America (song)

"Breakfast in America" is a 1979 song by English rock band Supertramp and is the title track to their sixth studio album of the same name. It went to the top ten in Ireland, the United Kingdom and South Africa. It went to number 62 in the United States and did not chart in Australia and New Zealand.
References
1979 songs
Progressive rock songs
Supertramp songs
Tsūtenkaku

is a tower in Osaka, Japan. It is a well-known landmark and shows advertisements for Hitachi, Ltd. The tower is 103 meters tall. The main observation deck is 91 meters above the ground. The three characters in the name mean "Reaching Heaven Tower". It is in Shinsekai, part of Naniwa Ward. Tsutenkaku Kanko Co., Ltd. owns the tower.
History
The current tower is the second tower on the site. The original tower was built in 1912. The design was based on the Eiffel Tower. The tower had an cable car that connected it to a nearby amusement park called Luna Park. The original was 64 meters tall. It was the second tallest building in Asia at that time. It quickly became one of the most popular locations in the city. Visitors came from all over.
There was a fire in 1943 which severely damaged the tower. It was not repaired. The tower was taken apart and the steel was used to make things for World War II.
After the war, citizens wanted to rebuild the popular tower. A private company called Tsutenkaku Kanko Co. Ltd. was set up for this purpose. They hired Tachu Naito to design it. He was nicknamed Japan's "Father of Towers". The new tower opened in 1956.
Signs
In 1957, Hitachi started putting neon sign advertisements on the tower. The advertisements have usually been changed every 5 or 6 years. Hitachi last changed the signs in 2006. New signs are scheduled for autumn 2011. The new signs will use LED lights, not neon. Other lights on the tower also show weather information.
Access
JR West, Osaka Loop Line and Yamatoji Line, Shin-Imamiya Station, East Exit (10 minute walk)
Nankai Railway, Nankai Main Line and Koya Line, Shin-Imamiya Station, East Exit (10 minute walk)
Osaka Municipal Subway Sakaisuji Line (brown line), Ebisucho Station, Exit 3 (3 minute walk)
Osaka Municipal Subway Midosuji Line (red line), Dobutsuen-mae Station, Exit 5 (10 minute walk)
Hankai Tramway, Hankai Line, Ebisucho Station (3 minute walk)
Photos of the tower today
Photos of the original tower
Related pages
Tokyo Tower
References
Towers in Japan
Osaka
Buildings and structures completed in the 20th century
Gangs of New York

Gangs of New York is a 2002 American epic historical crime movie that was directed by Martin Scorsese. It is set in the New York City. It was inspired by Herbert Asbury's 1927 nonfiction book The Gangs of New York. The movie stars Leonardo DiCaprio, Daniel Day-Lewis, and Cameron Diaz.
References
2002 crime movies
American epic movies
American crime movies
Movies directed by Martin Scorsese
Movies based on books
Rubidium

Rubidium is chemical element 37 on the periodic table. Its symbol is Rb. Its atomic mass is 85.47. It has 37 protons and 37 electrons. It is a soft silver colored metal. It was first discovered in 1861 by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchoff in Heidelberg, Germany.
Properties
Physical properties
Rubidium melts at a very low temperature, for example it could melt in a person's hand. Rubidium is an alkali metal. It can make an amalgam with mercury.
Chemical properties
Rubidium is very reactive. It will ignite in air because it reacts with many other elements in the air like oxygen and nitrogen. Rubidium reacts very violently with water to make hydrogen and rubidium hydroxide, a strong corrosive base. The reaction is normally very hot so the hydrogen ignites.
Chemical compounds
Rubidium forms chemical compounds in only one oxidation state: +1. Some rubidium compounds have a mixed oxidation state, though. Rubidium chloride is the most common rubidium compound. Rubidium hydroxide and rubidium carbonate are also used commonly. Rubidium compounds makes a red-violet color in a flame. Most rubidium compounds are colorless. Rubidium compounds are not as common as other alkali metal compounds, such get sodium compounds. Otherwise, they are similar.
Rubidium chloride, similar to sodium chloride
Rubidium hydride, strong reducing agent
Rubidium hydroxide, powerful base
Rubidium nitrate, strong oxidizing agent
Rubidiumoxide, yellow, strong base when dissolved in water
Occurrence and preparation
Rubidium is about as common as zinc. It is the 23rd most common element in the Earth's crust. Most minerals only have a small amount of rubidium in them. It normally comes in small quantities in other minerals. It is made by reduction of rubidium ores with calcium. It is expensive because calcium is difficult to make and the rubidium needs to be kept in argon and away from water or air.
Uses
There are not many common uses for rubidium. Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in purple fireworks. It and its compounds are used mainly in science research though. It is also used to make superoxide ions. It is used in some special types of glass.
Safety
Rubidium compounds are not very dangerous in the human body; however, if a person gets too much from eating, they could get sick because it acts like other alkali metal ions such as sodium ions in sodium chloride. Rats can live with up to half of their potassium replaced with rubidium, though it is not likely for that to happen.
Rubidium metal is very dangerous. It reacts with air and water and makes the corrosive substance rubidium hydroxide.
References
Alkali metals
Fabras

Fabras is a commune in the Ardeche departement in southern France.
Communes in Ardeche
Chris Fehn

Christopher Michael Fehn (born February 24, 1972) was an American musician and percussionist for the band Slipknot. In Slipknot, he was known as #3. He was the joker in Slipknot. He wore a fetish type mask with a long Pinocchio style nose. He is a big fan of sports and is a good golfer.
1973 births
Living people
American drummers
Heavy metal musicians
Musicians from Des Moines, Iowa
Kate Osborne

Katharine Helen Brooks-Osborne is a British Labour Party politician. She has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Jarrow since the 2019 general election.
Osborne is known for being a trade union and a LGBT+ activist and campaigner. Osborne is married to Pamela Brooks-Osborn.
In March 2020, Osborne became the second British Member of Parliament to test positive for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), after Nadine Dorries.
References
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Labour Party (UK) MPs
UK MPs 2019-present
Lesbians
British LGBT people
LGBT politicians
Arancón

Arancon is a municipality found in the province of Soria in the autonomous community of Castile and Leon in Spain.
Municipalities in Castile and Leon
Settlements in Soria
Bobby Rydell

Bobby Rydell (born Robert Louis Ridarelli; April 26, 1942 - April 5, 2022) was an American rock and roll singer, drummer and actor. In the early 1960s, he was called a teen idol. His most well-known songs include "Wild One" and "Volare" (cover). He appeared in the movie Bye Bye Birdie in 1963.
Rydell died on April 5, 2022 of pneumonia in Abington Township, Pennsylvania at the age of 79.
References
1942 births
2022 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
American rock singers
American pop singers
American rock drummers
American pop musicians
American movie actors
Actors from Philadelphia
Singers from Philadelphia
Musicians from Philadelphia
Flag of Indonesia

The Flag of Indonesia is a bicolour flag with two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white (bottom) with an overall ratio of 2:3.
The flag of Indonesia is graphically identical to the Flag of Monaco, with a slight difference only in the ratio of its dimensions.
Usage
Regulation and flag protocol
The flag is described in Article 35, Chapter XV, of the Constitution of Indonesia; Government Regulation No. 24/2009; and Government Regulation No. 40/1958.
The raising of the flag should be conducted in the time between sunrise until sunset, but in certain circumstances, it can be done at night. In daily use, the flag should be flown at every commemoration such as the Indonesian Independence Day on 17 August every year, by the citizens who have a right to use it at house, building or office, schools, colleges, public and private transport and the representative office of Indonesia in overseas. The flag can be flown in maritime-based activity as well.
It can be used as the cover of the coffin of a President or former Presidents, Vice President or former Vice Presidents, Members of Cabinet, Speaker of People's Representative Council, and Head of Government, members of the Indonesian Armed Forces, and persons who are members of the Indonesian National Police who died in service, or an Indonesian citizen who made contributions to their nation as a badge of honor.
References
Indonesia
National symbols of Indonesia
Wareham, Massachusetts

Wareham is a town in Plymouth County, Massachusetts, United States.
Towns in Massachusetts
Jason McGerr

Jason McGerr is the drummer for the alternative rock band Death Cab for Cutie. He is also an instructor at the Seattle Drum School of Music.
Discography
Death Cab for Cutie
Studio albums
Transatlanicism (October 7, 2003)
Plans (August 30, 2005)
Narrow Stairs (May 13, 2008)
Codes and Keys (May 31, 2011)
References
Living people
American rock drummers
Musicians from Washington
1974 births
Paul Strzelecki

Paul Edmund de Strzelecki (20 July 1797 -- October 1873) was a Polish man who taught himself geology. He became famous for his explorations in Australia.
He was born in Gluszyna, near Poznan, Western Poland in 1797 and later served briefly with the Prussian army. He tried unsuccessfully to marry a young girl, and then was accused of stealing money from his employer. He moved to London and gave himself the title of Count Strzelecki. In 1834 he went to North America and spent time visiting mineral areas and exploring for minerals. He is said to be the first person to find copper in Canada. In 1836 he travelled along the west coast from Chile to California.
In 1839 he visited the Hawaii, Tahiti, New Zealand and finally landed in Sydney, Australia. He wanted to make a geological map, and explored large parts of New South Wales and Victoria, including the Australian Alps. He climbed Australia's highest mountain, and named it Mount Kosciuszko, after the Polish leader, Tadeusz Kosciuszko.
He spent several years in Tasmania before going back to Sydney. He went back to London in 1843. He wrote a book on his discoveries in Australia called Physical Description of New South Wales and Van Diemen's Land. He was given the Founder's Medal by the Royal Geographical Society.
In 1847--8 he was put in charge of the giving out money in Ireland during the Great Famine for the British Relief Association. He established standards for giving out assistance that are still being used.
He was made a Fellow of the Royal Geographic Society and the Royal Society. He was awarded the K.C.M.G. in 1869. He died from cancer in 1873. He left instructions that after his death his papers were to be burnt and his body buried in an unmarked grave.
A road from Lyndhurst to Innamincka was named the Strzelecki Track after Paul Strzelecki. It was used until the 1930's to move cattle to Adelaide, and now is the main road to Moomba, a huge natural gas field which supplies Adelaide and Sydney. The Strzelecki Ranges in Victoria are also named after him. A large national park on Flinders Island, the Strzelecki National Park, was named after Strzelecki who climbed the mountains there in 1842.
References
1797 births
1873 deaths
Explorers
Exploration of Australia
Polish scientists
You Send Me

"You Send Me" is a 1957 song by Sam Cooke and it is the leading single from his debut studio album Sam Cooke. It was a major success and topped the single charts in the United States and made number 29 in the United Kingdom. It has been covered numerous times including Aretha Franklin in 1968 and The Manhattans in 1985.
References
1957 songs
Debut singles
Soul ballads
R&B ballads
Sam Cooke songs
Nat King Cole songs
The Drifters songs
The Everly Brothers songs
The Four Seasons (band) songs
Jose Feliciano songs
Aretha Franklin songs
Steve Miller Band songs
Van Morrison songs
Otis Redding songs
Percy Sledge songs
Sam & Dave songs
The Supremes songs
The Temptations songs
The Manhattans songs
Marcia Hines songs
Whitney Houston songs
Rod Stewart songs
The Chicks songs
Chaka Khan songs
Teresa Brewer songs
Bettembourg

Bettembourg ( ) is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Esch-sur-Alzette.
As of 2019, 11,197 people live here.
References
Other website
Official website
Communes of Luxembourg
St Kilda Football Club

St Kilda Football Club (nicknamed The Saints) is an Australian rules football club. They play in the Australian Football League. The club first played in 1873. Their home ground is the Marvel Stadium in Melbourne. Their current captain is Jarryn Geary and their current coach is Brett Ratten. They wear a guernsey that is red, white and black, in vertical stripes.
History
The first mention of a football team in St Kilda was made in 1859. The current club was started in 1873. It was based on the South Yarra Football Club which had closed the year before. The club colours were formed when the red and white of the South Yarra Football Club merged with the black and white of the new St. Kilda Football Club. The first guernsey worn by the club was red and black striped horizontally, with a white neckerchief. The club joined the new Victorian Football League in 1897, and lost its first 48 games. Their home ground was the Junction Oval, in the Melbourne suburb of St. Kilda. In 1964, the team moved from St Kilda to Moorabbin, where they now train.
The team won their first and only premiership in 1966, beating Collingwood. In recent years they have been more competitive, playing in the 1997 Grand Final, losing to Adelaide. Between 2004 and 2011, St. Kilda established a period of dominance, playing in all but the 2007 finals series, and playing in the Preliminary Finals in 2004, 2005, 2008, 2009 and 2010. In 2009, St. Kilda went the first 19 games of the season without being beaten, only to lose to Geelong in the Grand Final by 12 points. In 2010 they played in the Grand Final and drew with Collingwood. A moment etched in the memories of St. Kilda supporters was the moment Stephen Milne opted to let the ball bounce through for a behind in the dying minutes, when he had the opportunity to secure St. Kilda's second premiership with a goal. They were defeated in a replay the next week. They have also placed last on the ladder 26 times since their establishment, the most of any team.
St. Kilda has featured a number of star players, with 10 Brownlow Medalists, including Ian Stewart and Robert Harvey, who won the award twice. In 1987, Tony Lockett won the Brownlow Medal as well as the Coleman Medal kicking 117 goals.
Medalists
St Kilda Brownlow Medalists:
Colin Watson, 1925
Brian Gleeson, 1957
Neil Roberts, 1958
Verdun Howell, 1959
Ian Stewart, 1965, 1966
Ross Smith, 1967
Tony Lockett, 1987
Robert Harvey, 1997, 1998
St Kilda Coleman Medalists:
Charlie Baker, 1925 (30 goals)
Bill Mohr, 1936 (101 goals)
Bill Young, 1956 (56 goals)
Tony Lockett, 1987 (117 goals), 1991 (118 goals)
Fraser Gehrig, 2004 (90 goals), 2005 (74 goals)
Club song
Oh when the Saints, go marching in,
Oh when the Saints go marching in,
Oh how I want to be with St Kilda.
When the Saints go marching in.
Oh when the Saints, go marching in,
Oh when the Saints go marching in,
Oh how I want to be with St Kilda.
When the Saints go marching in.
References
Other websites
St Kilda Football Club website
Australian Football League
Glade Spring, Virginia

Glade Spring, Virginia is a town in the U.S. state of Virginia.
Towns in Virginia
Tri-Cities, Tennessee
Ancient Celtic religion

Ancient Celtic religion or Celtic paganism was followed by the Celtic people in Europe long ago.
Since there aren't written records of their beliefs, we learn about them from what they left behind. The Celts believed in many gods and goddesses, and their religion was similar across different regions. and "a basic religious homogeneity" among the Celtic peoples. Some popular deities were Lugus, Toutatis, Taranis, Cernunnos, Epona, Maponos, Belenus, Ogmios, and Sucellos. They also believed in spirits in nature.
The priests of the Celtic religion were called druids, but we don't know much about them. The Celts held ceremonies in special places like groves and shrines. Caesar says the Gauls believed they all descended from a god of the dead and underworld. They made offerings of valuable items in water or wells. They sometimes sacrificed animals, and there are stories of human sacrifice, but it might be exaggerated.
We don't know all the festivals they celebrated, but they had four important ones during different seasons. After the Romans took over Gaul and southern Britain, the Celtic religion mixed with Roman ideas. Later, the Celts started following Christianity, and their old religion faded. However, Celtic mythology and beliefs had a lasting influence and inspired a modern religious movement called Celtic neopaganism. Therefore, all there is to study their religion from is the literature from the early Christian period, commentaries from classical Greek and Roman scholars, and archaeological evidence.
References
European mythology
Celtic peoples
Paganism
Nassenfels

Nassenfels is a municipality in the district of Eichstatt in Bavaria in Germany.
References
Eichstatt (district)
Kim Jin-kyu

Kim Jin-Kyu (born 16 February 1985) is a South Korean professional athlete. He is best known as an football player. He was a member of the Korean national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|2003||rowspan="2"|Chunnam Dragons||rowspan="2"|K-League||11||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||11||1
|-
|2004||10||0||3||0||5||1||colspan="2"|-||18||1
|-
|2005||rowspan="2"|Jubilo Iwata||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||24||1||1||0||1||1||5||0||31||2
|-
|2006||23||3||2||0||3||0||colspan="2"|-||28||3
|-
|2007||Chunnam Dragons||K-League||8||2||0||0||1||0||4||0||13||2
|-
|2007||rowspan="4"|Seoul||rowspan="4"|K-League||9||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||9||0
|-
|2008||25||0||1||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||30||0
|-
|2009||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||||||
63||3||4||0||10||1||4||0||81||4
47||4||3||0||4||1||5||0||59||5
110||7||7||0||14||2||9||0||140||9
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2004||4||0
|-
|2005||11||3
|-
|2006||13||0
|-
|2007||10||0
|-
|2008||2||0
|-
!Total||40||3
|}
References
1985 births
Living people
South Korean footballers
Orinoco crocodile

The Orinoco crocodile (Crocodylus intermedius) is a critically endangered crocodile. Its population is small. It only lives in the Orinoco river and its tributaries. It was hunted for its skin in the 19th and 20th centuries. This species is one of the most critically endangered crocodiles.
It is a large crocodile. In the past, males have been reported up to 6.8 m (22 ft 4 in) in length. Today, males do not grow up to such sizes. 5.2 m (17 ft 1 in) is the maximum size. A big male today may reach 4.1 m (13 ft 5 in) in length and can weigh 380 kg (840 lb). Females are smaller with the biggest likely to weigh around 225 kg (496 lb).
References
Crocodilia
Reptiles of South America
Debt

Debt is what someone owes to someone else. Usually, debt is in the form of money, but it can also be items, services, favors, or other things. Thus if you make an agreement to give or do something for someone else, you now owe a debt. Unpaid debt can lead to problems such as the Greek government-debt crisis. Debt is used by many corporations and individuals to make large purchases that they could not afford under normal circumstances. Popular types of debt owed by households and individuals are mortgage loans, car loans, credit card debt, and income taxes. In the case of individuals, debt is a way to use an anticipated income combined with the future purchasing power at present before earning the same.
On the other hand, corporates have a multitude of options when it comes to debt. Debts can be short term or long term. Companies may use debt for their working capital or day-to-day operations.
Types of debt
Goods, services or money borrowed with the intent of repayment (in kind or not) creates a debt. Debt can be classified as either secured debt, unsecured debt, revolving debt, or a mortgage.
A secured debt uses collateral, which is an asset that is promised to the debt-holder until the debt has been repaid. If the repayment is not made in full, the lender gets the collateral asset. For instance, a car loan typically creates a secured debt. If you still owe money on the car loan and do not make timely payments, the note-holder can take back (or repossess) the car and sell it to get the money still due. A home mortgage is similar.
An unsecured debt is more risky to the debt-holder (the lender, also called creditor). In the event of non-payment of the debt, the lender cannot take assets. Credit card debt is typically unsecured. If you charge items to a credit card and do not make the monthly payments, the credit card issuer can report the non-payment to the credit-reporting agencies. That will reduce your credit score so others will not lend you money. But usually they cannot take back whatever you bought with the card.
Revolving debt is a line of credit or an amount that a borrower can continuously borrow from. In other words, the borrower may use funds up to a certain amount, pay it back, and borrow up to that amount again. Revolving credit accounts are open ended, meaning they don't have an end date. As long as the account remains open and in good standing, borrower can continue to use it.
A mortgage is a debt issued to purchase real estate, such as a house or condo. It is a form of secured debt as the subject real estate is used as collateral against the loan.
Related pages
Debt bondage
Loan
References
Basic English 850 words
Economics
Blinded by the Light

"Blinded by the Light" is the debut single by Bruce Springsteen. It is taken from his first studio album Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J. (1973).
Manfred Mann's Earth Band version
"Blinded by the Light" released a version in 1976 by Manfred Mann's Earth Band. It was taken from their seventh studio album The Roaring Silence. It reached number 1 in both the United States and Canada, number 6 in the United Kingdom, number 8 in New Zealand and number 11 in Australia.
References
1973 songs
Debut singles
Rock songs
Bruce Springsteen songs
Wakeboarding

Wakeboarding is a water sport that involves riding a wakeboard over the surface of a body of water. The rider is usually towed behind a motorboat. This sport, that appeared in the beginning of the eighties, has been inspired by surfing, water skiing and snowboarding.
To practice wakeboarding, a boat, a rope and a board are necessary. If the rider wants to do bigger jumps or tricks, he needs a tower. The waves created by the boat act like a ski jump for the surfer.
Timeline
In 1985, Tonny Finn, a surfer, marketed the "Skurfer". It was a board inspired by surfing and water skiing. The "Skurfer" was thick and it had an aileron at his back.
In 1987, the "Skurfer" board was introduced in France by Maurice Lejeune.
In 1989, Jimmy Redmond founded the World Wakeboard Association (WWA).
In 1990, the first official competition was taking place in Orlando, Florida, United States, while the first wakeboard was marketing.
In 1993, the first world wakeboard championship was organised in United States by the WWA.
In 1994, the riders Gilles Becker, Franck Ropero and Pierre Bergia established the ANW (Association Nationale de Wakeboard).
In 1995, it was the apparition of the "twin tips". The principle of this board has still used today. The "twin tips" has one or more ailerons in its back and its front.
In 2001, wakeboarding became a discipline in the Akita's World Games of Japan.
In 2004, the first magazine dedicated to the wakeboard, Unleashed Wakeboard Magazine, was published in France.
Characteristics of equipment
Boat: The speed of the boat should be from 28 to 35 kilometers.
Boots: these have an important role, because they are responsible for the control and performance of the surfer. Also, they have to be as comfortable as possible.
Rope: The best length for the rope is between 16 and 24 meters.
Board: There are two different kinds of wakeboards; the "surf" or the "twin tips". The first one is an asymmetric board that is suitable for beginners. The "twin tips" board is more used than the type "surf" because it allows more difficult jumps. Normally, the size of the board is about 130-147 cm by 45 cm.
References
Other websites
Water sports
Board sports
Ephedra

Ephedra is a group of plants. It is the only one in its family, Ephedraceae. Ephedra species are found naturally in many places, like southwestern North America, southern Europe, northern Africa, southwest and central Asia, northern China and western South America.
Ephedra species often grow in the temperate zone. They often grow on shores or sandy places where they get a lot of sunlight. In English, they are often called joint-pine, jointfir, Mormon-tea. In Chinese, it is called mahuang ().
Some species, like Ephedra sinica, are used in medicine.
References
Herbs
Gymnosperms
Nicholas Kazan

Nicholas Kazan (born September 15, 1945) is an American screenwriter, movie producer and movie director.
Other websites
1945 births
Living people
American screenwriters
American movie directors
American movie producers
Manipur bush rat

The Manipur bush rat (, ) or Hume's rat or Hume's hadromys is a species of rodent. It belongs to the family Muridae. It is found in Manipur and other Northeastern Indian regions. It is an endangered species.
Home
The species lives only in Northeast India. It has been recorded from several localities. These are:
Bishnupur in Manipur
Imphal in Manipur
Senapati in Manipur
Karong (specimen FMNH 76562) in Manipur.
Angarakhata in Kamrup district (Assam)
The Manipur bush rat lives at places with medium altitudes from above sea level. It lives in tropical evergreen, moist deciduous and evergreen forests. It is also found in secondary forests in Northeastern India.
Finding out
The murid was described by Oldfield Thomas in 1886. The description was from specimens in the Manipur collection of Allan Octavian Hume. It was donated to the British Museum (Natural History) after Hume's life's work in ornithological notes were sold by a servant as waste paper. The Manipur Bush Rat was named in honour of him. The collection has two male and two female specimens. It was recorded to be collected on 23 March 1881 from Moirang in Manipur. It was the type locality for this species.
Description
The specimen has been described by Thomas (1886) as:
The length of the head and the body of the largest specimen was that of a female. It was long. The length of its tail was long. Elsewhere, the head and body length has been given as head and body length as , the tail length as . The weight has been recorded as ranging from .
Safeguarding level
The species has been given safeguarding level (conservation status) of "Endangered - B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)" in IUCN Red List ver 3.1. The rules for this rating include:
maximum area of living (less than ).
maximum geographical area of span (less than ).
less than five reported areas.
continuing decline in areas and destruction of homes.
The main causes of damages to the conditions of this species are found to be loss of and destruction of home, separation, and overpass. Other than these, hunting and firing are also the contributing causes.
References
Flora and fauna of Manipur
Old World rats and mice
Animals of India
Mammals of Asia
Suit (album)

Suit is one of the two albums (along with Sweat) released in November 2004 by rapper Nelly. It debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and was nominated for a Grammy. The album was certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The singles were "My Place," "Over and Over" and "'N' Dey Say".
Track listing
Nelly albums
2004 albums
Pop albums
Hip hop albums
R&B albums
Tromsøysundet

Tromsoysundet is a body of water in Norway. It is long and separates the island of Tromsoya from the mainland. The body of water is crossed by a tunnel and a bridge. It connects to other fjords and straits.
References
Bodies of water of Norway
Troms og Finnmark
Ingólfr Arnarson

Ingolfr Arnarson () and his wife, Hallveig Frodesdatter, are commonly said to be the first permanent Nordic settlers of Iceland. According to tradition, they founded Reykjavik in 874.
According to the Landnamabok (a book which describes the settlement of Iceland by the Norsemen), he built his house in modern-day Reykjavik and named the city as well. Medieval historian Ari Thorgilsson claimed that Arnarson was the first Nordic settler in Iceland, but Irish monks and hermits lived there before he arrived. He also claimed that the they left because they did not want to live with the newly arrived Norse pagans.
The Landnamabok claims that Arnarson left modern-day Norway after becoming involved in a blood feud. He had heard about an island that Gardar Svavarsson, Floki Vilgerdarson and others found while sailing in the Atlantic ocean. With his step-brother, Hjorleifr Hrodmarsson, he sailed for Iceland. When land was in sight, he threw his high seat pillars overboard and promised to settle where the gods decided to bring them ashore. Two of his slaves then searched the coasts for three years before finding the pillars in the small bay which eventually became Reykjavik.
Meanwhile, Hjorleifr Hrodmarsson was murdered by his Irish slaves because of how badly he was treating-them. Ingolfr hunted them down and killed them in Vestmannaeyjar (Westman Islands). The islands got their name from that event, but vestmenn (west men) is a name that the Norsemen at this time sometimes used for Irishmen. He continued to live in southwestern Iceland, but nothing is known about what happened to him after settling. His son, Torstein (Thorsteinn Ingolfsson), was said to have founded the first parliament, in Iceland. It later became known as the Althing.
References
Other websites
Statue of Ingolfur Arnarson on tripadvisor.com
Icelandic people
Katja Kipping

Katja Kipping (born 18 January 1978) is a German politician. She was the Chairperson of The Left and a member of the Bundestag (German Parliament).
On 10 May 2014 she was reelected, along with Bernd Riexinger, as chairperson of The Left by a national party conference.
Since 2005, Kipping has been a member of the German Parliament for The Left party. She was listed as the lead candidate on the state-level party list in Saxony.
References
1978 births
Living people
German politicians
Leslie Grace

Leslie Grace Martinez (born January 7, 1995) is a Dominican American singer-songwriter and actress. She starred as Nina Rosario in Jon M. Chu's In the Heights (2021). She was the youngest woman in the world to top the Latin Airplay chart. Her first hit was "Will U Still Love Me Tomorrow?" She was going to play Batgirl/Barbara Gordon in the cancelled DC Extended Universe HBO Max movie Batgirl.
Early Life
Martinez was born on January 7,1995 in New York. Her family lived in the Bronx. She had six older brothers and sisters.
She moved to Davie, Florida when she was ten years old and then raised there. She is a Dominican American.
Career
Martinez always liked performing. She started working as a singer. Her first album was released in 2009. It was called Pasion.
Martinez was the youngest female artist to have a number one hit on the Latin Airplay Chart and Billboard Tropical Songs chart. In 2012 she was seventeen years and nine month old when "Will U Still Love Me Tomorrow?" became popular. She was the fourth youngest person overall. She was only older than Pablo Portillo, Florentino Primera, and Luis Miguel.
She received three Latin Grammy Award nominations for her music. The first was for her 2013 album, Leslie Grace.
Martinez's first acting role was the movie In the Heights. She played Nina Rosario.
Martinez then landed the part of Batgirl. She will be in the new Batgirl movie that will be released in 2022. For this movie, she had to learn to fight. Her teacher, Ming Qiu, taught her fighting skills.
References
1995 births
Living people
American R&B singers
American pop singers
American soul singers
American movie actors
Actors from New York City
Singer-songwriters from New York City
The Protectorate

The Protectorate was the period of British history during which the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland was governed by a Lord Protector, which was from 1653 to 1659.
Before the Protectorate, England (and then Scotland and Ireland) had been ruled directly by Parliament since it had declared England to be a Commonwealth in 1649. The Rump Parliament had been sent away in April 1653 by soldiers led by Oliver Cromwell. Although the replacement Barebones Parliament (July-December 1653), was nominated by Cromwell and the leaders of the army, it was just as difficult to control.
The post of Lord Protector was created by a constitution passed in December 1653, which gave Cromwell the position for life. Although the constitution divided power between the Lord Protector, the Council of State and Parliament, there was in practice again the strong executive power that had been absent since the end of the monarchy. Cromwellian government has been called 'one of the first experiments in (de facto) military dictatorship' (Abbott).
During the Protectorate, there was Puritan legislation. Religious toleration was extended to Jews and most Protestants but not Anglicans or Roman Catholics.
After Cromwell's death in September 1658, the new Lord Protector, Richard Cromwell, was unable to control the army and resigned in May 1659. After the chaotic English Interregnum, the monarchy was restored in May 1660 through the initiative of General George Monck.
Other websites
United Kingdom: Flags of the Interregnum, 1649-1660
History of the British Isles
Peugeot 407

The Peugeot 407 was a car produced by Peugeot. It succeeded the 406 in 2004, facelifted in 2008 and it was succeeded by the 508 in 2011.
Engines
Petrol
1.8 16V 85 kW (115 hp) and 92 kW (125 hp)
2.0 16V 100 kW (136 hp) and 103 kW (140 hp)
2.2 16V 116 kW (158 hp) and 120 kW (163 hp)
3.0 V6 155 kW (211 hp)
Diesel
1.6 HDi 80 kW (109 hp)
2.0 HDi 100 kW (136 hp), 103 kW (140 hp) and 120 kW (163 hp)
2.2 HDi 125 kW (170 hp)
2.7 HDi 150 kW (204 hp)
3.0 HDi 177 kW (241 hp)
407
2000s automobiles
2010s automobiles
Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia

The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia is an astronomy website, founded in Paris, France at the Meudon Observatory in 1995. It has a database of all the known and candidate extrasolar planets.
The main catalogue has databases of all of the known extrasolar planets and a database of unconfirmed planet detections. The databases are updated with new data from peer-reviewed publications and conferences.
As of June 2011, the catalog includes objects up to 25 Jupiter masses, an increase on the previous inclusion criteria of 20 Jupiter masses.
As of 2016 this limit was increased to 60 Jupiter masses based on a study of mass-density relationships.
References
Planets
Databases
Teddy Wilson

Theodore Shaw Wilson (November 24, 1912 - July 31, 1986) was an American jazz pianist.
His work was featured on the records of many of the biggest names in jazz, including Louis Armstrong, Lena Horne, Benny Goodman, Billie Holiday, and Ella Fitzgerald. With Goodman, he was one of the first black musicians to appear prominently with white musicians.
Wilson died in New Britain, Connecticut, on July 31, 1986 of stomach cancer at the age of 73.
References
Other websites
1912 births
1986 deaths
Deaths from stomach cancer
Cancer deaths in Connecticut
American jazz musicians
American pianists
Musicians from New Jersey
Musicians from Austin, Texas
Superphylum

A superphylum is an unofficial grade in taxonomy, above the phylum and below the subregnum, used to describe a group of phyla which probably evolved from a common ancestor.
It is used especially in the animal kingdom. Examples:
Ecdysozoa
Lophotrochozoa
Radiata
Deuterostomia
Bilateria
Planctomycetes-Verrucomicrobia-Chlamydiae (PVC)
Notes
Taxonomy
Civray, Cher

Civray is a commune in Cher, Centre-Val de Loire, France. About 906 people lived there in January 2019.
Population
References
Communes in Cher
Senchus fer n-Alban

The Senchus fer n-Alban ("History of the Men of Scotland") was an Old Irish medieval text believed to have been compiled in the 10th century. It provides much information, however faulty, on the Gaelic kingdom of Dal Riata.
Documents
Gerhard Krimbacher

Gerhard Krimbacher is an sports shooter from Austria. Krimbacher competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics and the 1984 Summer Olympics. He was born on 6 January 1953.
References
Other websites
1953 births
Living people
Sport shooters
Austrian Olympians
Sahara Cross

Sahara Cross is a 1977 Italian action movie directed by Tonino Valerii. It stars Franco Nero, Michel Constantin, Pamela Villoresi and was distributed by F.A.R.
Other websites
1977 action movies
Italian action movies
Movies set in Africa
Movies set in deserts
Movies directed by Tonino Valerii
Tabla

The tabla (, , }, tabla from , tabl, tabla) is an Indian drum used for North Indian Music. The tabla invention is found in India. It is also used for classical, popular and devotional music of Pakistan. The instrument is two hand drums of different size and shape, similar to bongos. They make different sounds. The drums are treble and bass drum.
Tabla is played hitting the fingers on the drum head and sliding the palm to create a modulating sound. A lot of sounds can be created from the tabla by changing how you use your hands.
The tabla originated from the a more ancient cylindrical drum called the Pakhawaj.
Zakir Hussain is a notable tabla player. There are different Gharanas or houses of tabla. Zakir Hussain's style is of the Punjab Gharana.
Another notable tabla player is Ibrahim Ibrahimi, form Afghanistan.
References
Drums
Indian music
Pakistani music
Frătăuţii Vechi

Fratautii Vechi is a commune found in Suceava County, Romania.
Communes in Suceava County
Eigg

Eigg is a small island off the coast of Scotland. It is 9 km wide and has a population of 83 people. Eiggs highest point is it's only mountain, An Sgurr.
Inner and Outer Hebrides
Mongol mythology

Mongol mythology is the ancient religion of Mongolia.
Mongolian Gods
Bai-Ulgan and Esege Malan are creator deities.
Ot is the goddess of marriage.
Tung-ak is the patron god of tribal chiefs.
Erling Khan (Erlik Khan) is the King of the Underworld.
Daichi Tengri is the red god of war to whom enemy soldiers were sometimes sacrificed during battle campaigns.
Zaarin Tengri is a spirit who gives Khorchi (in the Secret History of the Mongols) a vision of a cow mooing "Heaven and earth have agreed to make Temujin (later Genghis Khan) the lord of the nation".
The sky god Tengri is attested from the Xiongnu of the 2nd century BC. The Xiongnu may not have been Mongol, but Tengri is common to several Central Asian peoples, including the Mongols.
The wolf, falcon, deer and horse were important symbolic animals.
References
myth
Branch

A branch is the part of a tree that grows out from the trunk of a tree. The size of a branch may vary depending on the type of tree, the location of the branch relative to the tree, and how healthy the tree is. The term twig usually refers to a terminus, while bough refers only to branches coming directly from the trunk.
Basic English 850 words
Plant anatomy
Pir Sultan Abdal

Pir Sultan Abdal (ca. 1480 - 1550) was an Alevit poet. Alevits are the members of the Alevitism, a faith community in Islam. He lived in Turkey and wrote his poems in Turkish. In his poems, he used a direct and clear language. The richness of his thoughts and the beauty of his writing made him very popular to the Turks and Kurds and also the members of the Suni sect of Islam. Pir Sultan Abdal wrote about the social, cultural and religious life of the people. He was a humanist, and wrote about love, peace, death and God. He was also rebellious against Ottoman Empire.
Poetry
References
1480 births
1550 deaths
Turkish poets
Ottoman writers
Tickfaw, Louisiana

Tickfaw is a village in Tangipahoa Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Villages in Louisiana
Settlements in Tangipahoa Parish, Louisiana
Canandaigua (town), New York

Canandaigua (pronounced "Kan-in-day-gwuh") is a town in Ontario County, New York, United States. The population was 10,020 at the 2010 census.
References
Towns in New York (state)
1791 establishments in New York (state)
Harmukh Mountain

Harmukh is a branch of great Himalayan range which is between the valleys of Jhelum and Neelum in the north eastern part of Kashmir Valley to the north of Srinagar. Excepting the mornings and evening, the mountain is always covered by clouds. Name of the 16980 feet high peak is also Harmukh. The peak is square shaped and can be viewed from all the sides therefore the name "Harmukh". Sarbalnag spring is on the top of Harmukh mountain.
Mountain ranges of Pakistan