pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Agnatha

The Agnatha is a superclass of fish. It is paraphyletic. This means it is a convenient catch-all term, which does not follow the rules of cladistics.
For example, most extinct agnathans belong to the stem group (ancestral group) of gnathostomes. But according to the rules, one sister group should not contain ancestors of another sister group.
The living Agnatha (lampreys and hagfish) are known as cyclostomes. Recent molecular data from rRNA, and from mtDNA, show that these living agnathans are monophyletic. There are about 100 species. Hagfish are vertebrates but do not have vertebrae. It is believed that they lost their vertebrae during their lifestyle adaptations.
The lifestyle of the lamprey (an ectoparasite on other fish) and hagfish (a scavenger) means that they are not typical of the fossil groups, which were free-swimming and often armoured.
Classification
Agnatha: the jawless fish. Cambrian to present day.
+Pteraspids: the head-shields
Anaspids: gills opened as holes. Silurian to end-Devonian.
+Cephalaspids: early jawless fish
Cyclostomes: Lampreys and Hagfish
+Osteostraci: bony-armoured jawless fish.
Characteristics
Anatomy
Agnathans do not have jaws, and have a cartilaginous skeleton. There is a notochord in both larvae and adults. They do not have paired fins. They have seven or more paired gill pouches.
Agnatha have no identifiable stomach and are cold-blooded. The heart is simple, with two chambers.
Physiology
There is a light-sensitive pineal eye. Fertilization and development of young are both outside the body, and there is no parental care.
Fossil agnathans
The oldest fossil agnathans are found in Cambrian deposits.
Many Ordovician, Silurian, and Devonian agnathans were armoured with heavy bony-spiky plates. The first armoured agnathans were the Ostracoderms ("shell-skinned"). By the upper Silurian the agnathans had reached the high point of their evolution. They declined in the Devonian and never recovered.
References
Halitosis

Halitosis is a symptom where a person has bad breath. It can be caused by bad dental care, tooth decay or gum disease.
Symptoms
David Wolf (astronaut)

David Alexander Wolf (born August 23, 1956) is an American astronaut, medical doctor and electrical engineer.
Wolf has been to space four times. Three of his spaceflights were short-duration Space Shuttle missions. In total Wolf has logged more than 4,040 hours in space. He is also a veteran of 7 spacewalks totaling 41hrs 17min in both Russian and American spacesuits.
References
1956 births
American astronauts
American physicians
Engineers from Indiana
Living people
Scientists from Indianapolis
Riedwihr

Riedwihr () is a former commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune Porte-du-Ried.
References
Former communes in Haut-Rhin
2016 disestablishments in France
Meadville, Pennsylvania

Meadville is a city in and the county seat of Crawford County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 13,388.
References
Cities in Pennsylvania
County seats in Pennsylvania
Bucklin, Missouri

Bucklin is a city in Linn County, Missouri, United States. The population was 467 at the 2010 census.
References
Cities in Missouri
Anna of Kashin

Saint Anna of Kashin (1280 - 2 October 1368) was a Russian princess from the Rurik Dynasty. She was given sainthood in 1650. Her feast day, October 2, was created in 1909.
References
Christian saints
1280 births
1368 deaths
Russian royalty
Arthur Fadden

Sir Arthur William Fadden (13 April 1895 - 21 April 1973) was the 13th Prime Minister of Australia. He was leader of the Country Party when Robert Menzies resigned in 1941. He became Prime Minister but lost to John Curtin in an election held only one month after he became Prime Minister. When Menzies became Prime Minister again in 1949, Fadden was the Treasurer for eight years.
1895 births
1973 deaths
Prime Ministers of Australia
Politicians from Queensland
Monarchists
Leaders of the Opposition (Australia)
National Party of Australia politicians
Treasurers of Australia
Members of the Australian House of Representatives
The Mad Doctor (1933 movie)

The Mad Doctor is a Mickey Mouse cartoon released in 1933. It is known as the first appearance of the title character "The Mad Doctor", or "Dr. XXX". It was the 52nd Mickey Mouse short film, and the second of that year.
Voice cast
Mickey Mouse: Walt Disney
Pluto: Pinto Colvig
The Mad Doctor: Billy Bletcher
References
Other websites
1933 movies
1930s science fiction movies
Disney animated movies
Gerardo Ruiz Esparza

Gerardo Ruiz Esparza (22 April 1949 - 1 April 2020) was a Mexican attorney and politician. From 2012 to 2018, he served as the Secretary of Communications and Transportation in the cabinet of Enrique Pena Nieto. He was born in Mexico City.
On 1 April 2020, Ruiz Esparza died of a stroke in Mexico City. He was 70.
References
1949 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from stroke
Mexican lawyers
Politicians from Mexico City
Lamborghini Silhouette

The Lamborghini Silhouette (sometimes called the Lamborghini Silhouette P300) is a sports car. Lamborghini made it from 1976 to 1979. It came after the Urraco.
History
The Silhouette was first revealed at the 1976 Geneva Auto Show. It was designed by Bertone. The earlier Urraco was the basis for the car, but it had different styling. The Silhouette was the first Lamborghini to have a targa top roof. Lamborghini's next sports car, the Jalpa, was based off the Silhouette.
Lamborghini made 54 Silhouettes. They stopped making them in 1979. Thirty-one of them are known to still exist.
Engine and transmission
The Silhouette was powered by a Lamborghini V8 engine. It was very similar to the one in the Urraco P300. The engine was in the middle of the car. The engine was paired to a five-speed manual transmission.
Performance
The Silhouette's engine made . This helped the car be able to go from in 6.5 seconds. It could also go from in 16.1 seconds. It could get to a top speed of .
Related pages
Lamborghini Urraco
Lamborghini Jalpa
References
Silhouette
1970s automobiles
Ardleigh

Ardleigh is a village and civil parish in Tendring, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 2081 people living in Ardleigh.
References
Villages in Essex
Civil parishes in Essex
Kayes Region

The Kayes Region is in eastern Mali.
Cercles
Kayes is divided into 7 cercles:
Bafoulabe
Diema
Kita
Kenieba
Kayes
Nioro
Yelimane
Regions of Mali
2020–21 United States Senate election in Georgia

An election happened to elect a Senator from the U.S. state of Georgia. There were two rounds on November 3, 2020; and January 5, 2021. The two people in last round of the election were Jon Ossoff (Democratic Party) and David Perdue (Republican Party).
Primary elections happened on June 9, 2020. The Republican Party primary only had one person, David Perdue, as he was Senator before the election. There were many people in the Democratic Party primary, and Jon Oscoff won. These went against Libertarian Party candidate Shane T. Hazel. Nobody got more than 50% of the vote, so the top two (Oscoff and Perdue) went to a second round in January. Ossoff won the second round and became Senator.
Democratic Party primary
Republican Party primary
Results
First round
Second round
References
2020 United States Senate elections
2020 in Georgia (U.S. state)
2021 elections in the United States
2021 in Georgia (U.S. state)
Jefferson County, Ohio

Jefferson County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. In 2020, 65,249 people lived there. The county seat is Steubenville.
References
1790s establishments in the Northwest Territory
1797 establishments in the United States
Ohio counties
Érin

Erin is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Mohamed ElBaradei

Mohamed ElBaradei (born June 17, 1942) is an Egyptian scientist, administrator, politician, diplomat and 2005 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Peace.
Early life
ElBaradei was born and raised in Cairo, Egypt. He has a doctorate in International law.
Career
ElBaradei is best known as the former Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) (1997-2009). The IAEA is an inter-governmental organization related to the United Nations. It is based in Vienna and tries to bring about the peaceful use of nuclear energy. ElBaradei and the IAEA were both awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2005. They won the prize for their efforts in Iraq, finding that there were no weapons of mass destruction in Iraq.
Related pages
List of Nobel Prize winners by country
Notes
References
Other websites
1942 births
Living people
Diplomats
Egyptian Muslims
Vice-presidents of Egypt
New York University alumni
Politicians from Cairo
Egyptian Nobel Prize winners
Cairo University alumni
No Mercy (2000)

No Mercy (2000) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It was held on October 22, 2000 at the Pepsi Arena in Albany, New York. It was the third No Mercy event held by the WWF.
Matches
Gauntlet match
References
Other websites
Official No Mercy 2000 website
2000 in professional wrestling
Albany, New York
WWE No Mercy
2000s in New York (state)
2000 in the United States
October events
Mike Rowe

Michael Gregory "Mike" Rowe (born March 18, 1962) is an American actor, singer, television host, and narrator. He is best known for his voice-over work on commercials and as the host of the television program Dirty Jobs. Rowe has acted on television, stage and movies as well as radio. He does a large amount of work as a narrator and has even been an opera singer.
Rowe was born on March 18, 1962 in Baltimore, Maryland. He studied at Overlea High School, at Essex Community College, and at Towson State University. He now lives in San Francisco, California.
References
Other websites
Mike Rowe's official website
1962 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
American radio actors
American television personalities
American radio personalities
American activists
Actors from Baltimore
Singers from Maryland
New York Harbor

The New York Harbor refers to waterways of the estuary near the mouth of the Hudson River that empty into New York Bay and port in New York City and New Jersey. The term is used to refer to the Upper New York Bay. The main port facilities are in Elizabeth, New Jersey and Newark, New Jersey. "New York harbor" sometimes refers to the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, the port district for New York metropolitan area, under the jurisdiction of the Port Authority.
Geography of New York City
Transport in New Jersey
Custer County, Colorado

Custer County is a county in the state of Colorado in the United States. As of the 2020 census, 4,704 people lived there. The county seat is Westcliffe.
It is the tenth-least populous county in Colorado.
References
Colorado counties
African Great Lakes

The African Great Lakes () are a series of lakes constituting the part of the Rift Valley lakes in and around the East African Rift.
Lakes of Africa
Arrondissement of Tours

The arrondissement of Tours is an arrondissement of France, in the Indre-et-Loire department, Centre-Val de Loire region. Its capital is the city of Tours.
History
When the Indre-et-Loire department was created on 1800, the arrondissement of Tours was part of that original department.
Geography
The arrondissement of Tours is the northern half of the Indre-et-Loire department. It is bordered to the north and east by the Loir-et-Cher department, to the southeast by the Loches arrondissement, to the southwest by the Chinon arrondissement, to the west by the Maine-et-Loire department and to the northwest by the Sarthe department.
The arrondissement of Tours is the largest arrondissement of the department in area, , and the one with more people living in it with 466,232 inhabitants.
Composition
Cantons
After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the arrondissements so they could have communes that belong to different arrondissements.
The cantons of the arrondissement of Tours are:
Amboise (3701)
Ballan-Mire (3702)
Blere (3703)
Chateau-Renault (3704)
Joue-les-Tours (3707)
Langeais (3708) (partly)
Montlouis-sur-Loire (3710)
Monts (3711)
Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire (3712)
Saint-Pierre-des-Corps (3714)
Tours-1 (3715)
Tours-2 (3716)
Tours-3 (3717)
Tours-4 (3718)
Vouvray (3719)
Communes
The arrondissement of Tours has 54 communes; they are (with their INSEE codes):
Artannes-sur-Indre (37006)
Azay-le-Rideau (37014)
Azay-sur-Cher (37015)
Ballan-Mire (37018)
Berthenay (37025)
Brehemont (37038)
Chambray-les-Tours (37050)
Chancay (37052)
Chanceaux-sur-Choisille (37054)
La Chapelle-aux-Naux (37056)
Cheille (37067)
Druye (37099)
Esvres (37104)
Fondettes (37109)
Joue-les-Tours (37122)
Larcay (37124)
Lignieres-de-Touraine (37128)
Luynes (37139)
La Membrolle-sur-Choisille (37151)
Mettray (37152)
Monnaie (37153)
Montbazon (37154)
Montlouis-sur-Loire (37156)
Monts (37159)
Notre-Dame-d'Oe (37172)
Parcay-Meslay (37179)
Pont-de-Ruan (37186)
Reugny (37194)
La Riche (37195)
Rigny-Usse (37197)
Rivarennes (37200)
Rochecorbon (37203)
Sache (37205)
Saint-Avertin (37208)
Saint-Branchs (37211)
Sainte-Catherine-de-Fierbois (37212)
Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire (37214)
Saint-Etienne-de-Chigny (37217)
Saint-Genouph (37219)
Saint-Pierre-des-Corps (37233)
Savonnieres (37243)
Sorigny (37250)
Thilouze (37257)
Tours (37261)
Truyes (37263)
Valleres (37264)
Veigne (37266)
Veretz (37267)
Vernou-sur-Brenne (37270)
Villaines-les-Rochers (37271)
Villandry (37272)
La Ville-aux-Dames (37273)
Villeperdue (37278)
Vouvray (37281)
The communes with more inhabitants in the arrondissement are:
Related pages
Arrondissements of the Indre-et-Loire department
List of arrondissements of France
References
Tours
Ōhāriu (New Zealand electorate)

Ohariu is an electorate of the New Zealand House of Representatives. It is in Wellington.
Election results
References
New Zealand electorates
Wynne, Arkansas

Wynne is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Cities in Arkansas
County seats in Arkansas
Dance Dance Revolution

Dance Dance Revolution or Dancing Stage in Europe is a series of video games made by Konami in which players step on arrows on a large pad or mat to match the arrows on screen. The arrows are in time with the music. Because players are moving themselves along to the music, they look like they are dancing. There is a large variety of music.
There is a bar at the top of the screen. If players make mistakes, the bar gets smaller. If players do not make mistakes, the bar grows. The game ends if the player makes too many mistakes.
Players can choose between three levels. They are called light, standard, and heavy. Light is easy and heavy is hard. On some of the newer games, there is a beginner mode, which is very easy, and a challenge mode, which is very hard.
Players are graded by their performance in letters (from lowest to highest, E, D, C, B, A, AA and AAA) based on how well they played the song. The better a player does on a song, the higher their grade is.
From DDR SuperNOVA to later versions, the levels are called beginner, basic, difficult, expert, and challenge.
Music
There is a wide variety of music in Dance Dance Revolution. Most of the songs are created by people at Konami, with some other well-known popular songs included as well. From the first Dance Dance Revolution game up until DDR Extreme, the games had a partnership with Toshiba EMI, a record company which is now part of Virgin Records. This partnership meant that a lot of popular songs from Toshiba EMI's Dancemania series of dance music albums could appear in the games.
Extras
If the player gets an "AA" on the last stage in "Expert", "Heavy", or "Challenge", they can play an extra stage. Usually, on the extra stage, the game ends if four mistakes are made. If the player performs well enough on the extra stage, an Encore extra stage is played. In the Encore extra stage, one missed step will cause the game to end.
Other places
Some educators even believe DDR should be in schools as exercise.
List of games
Main series
[[Dance Dance Revolution (1998 video game)|Dance Dance Revolution]] (1998)
Dance Dance Revolution 2ndMix (1999)
Dance Dance Revolution Best of School Dancers (1999)
Dance Dance Revolution 2ndMix with Beatmania IIDX Cluib Version (1999)
Dance Dance Revolution 2ndMix Link Version
Dancing Stage featuring True Kiss Destination
Dance Dance Revolution Karaoke Mix
Dancing Stage Dreams Come True
Dance Dance Revolution Karaoke Mix 2nd
Dance Dance Revolution 4th Mix
Dance Dance Revolution Disney Mix
DDRMAX: Dance Dance Revolution
Dance Dance Revolution (2001)
Dance Dance Revolution 3rdMix
Dance Dance Revolution 3rdMix 2nd
DDRMAX 2: Dance Dance Revolution
References
Music video games
Video game series
Cecilia, Kentucky

Cecilia is an unincorporated community in Hardin County, Kentucky, United States.
Unincorporated communities in Kentucky
Hardin County, Kentucky
Jet lag

Jet lag is a physiological condition, often occurring when humans travel from one time zone to another. It happens because of the time difference between two places. Some people suffer from jet lag more than other people do.
If the departure time (the original body clock) is not the same as the destination time, jet lag can occur. Traveling east is more likely to cause jet lag than traveling west. That is because a cycle of the human's biological time is usually more than 24 hours, and going east makes the day shorter, which is a more difficult adjustment.
Jet lag can have several symptoms. It usually takes the form of fatigue and insomnia. Also, headache, depression, even nausea may strike people. Sufferers can use caffeine or sleeping pills as a way of treatment. Using caffeine (such as in tea or coffee) is helpful, either in the morning when going westward or in the afternoon when going eastward. The hormone melatonin is said to help people sleep. Also, doing things like changing sleeping patterns several days before departure may help people adjust to the new time zone.
Health problems
Sälen

Salen [sae:len] is a ski resort in Sweden. It is in Malung-Salen Municipality in Dalarna County. It had 652 people living there in 2010.
The starting line for Vasaloppet is held in Salen.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Dalarna County
Ski areas and resorts in Sweden
National People's Army

The National People's Army (NPA; , NVA) was the armed forces of East Germany.
The NPA was founded on 1 March 1956. It developed from the Kasernierte Volkspolizei (Barracked People's Police), which was started in 1952. Serving with the army was voluntary at first. Conscription was introduced on 24 January 1962. Conscription was for male citizens between the ages of 18 and 26. If they were selected, they had to serve in the NPA for 18 months. The NVA was at its largest in 1987. It had about 175,000 soldiers at this time.
The NVA was modeled on Soviet military philosophy. Its leadership and operations were governed by the officer corp. The non-commissioned officer corps was limited in terms of authority and responsibility, unlike in the West German army. There were also political officers throughout the NVA, whose job it was to guarantee the loyalty of the military to the ruling political party.
Organization
The NVA was made up of four main branches:
The Landstreitkrafte (Land Forces) with a strength of 120,000 soldiers.
The Volksmarine (People's Navy) with a strength of 16,300 sailors.
The Luftstreitkrafte/Luftverteidigung (Air Forces/Air Defense) with a strength of 39,000 airmen.
The Grenztruppen der DDR (Border Troops of the GDR) with a strength of 50,000 border guards.
The NVA also had a large number of reserve and paramilitary forces. These could be called to serve during a crisis.
The NVA was merged into the Bundeswehr in October 1990 upon the reunification of Germany. The merging of the two German militaries was not done equally. Many non-commissioned officers and almost all commissioned officers were not accepted into the Bundeswehr. Instead, they were discharged from service. Those who were given a place in the Bundeswehr were usually demoted by one rank. Most of the barracks were closed and much of the NVA's equipment was sold or donated to other nations.
East Germany
1956 establishments in Europe
1950s establishments in Germany
German military organizations
117th United States Congress

The 117th United States Congress was the 117th legislative cycle for the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It started on January 3, 2021, as a result of the 2020 United States Senate elections, 2020 United States House of Representatives elections and the 2020 United States presidential election. The 117th Congress ended on January 3, 2023, while the 118th United States Congress began that same day. The Democratic Party controlled the Senate and the House of Representatives. In the Senate there are 50 Democratic senators and 50 Republican senators. Vice President of the United States, Kamala Harris only votes when it is a tie. She votes for the Democrats. In the House of Representatives, the Democrats have 221 people and the Republicans have 211.
Party breakdown
Senate
House of Representatives
Leadership
Senate
President of the Senate
The President of the Senate is Kamala Harris. (D)
Senate President Pro Tempore
The President Pro Tempore of the Senate is Patrick Leahy. (D)
Senate Majority Leader
The Senate Majority Leader is Chuck Schumer. (D)
Senate Minority Leader
The Senate Minority Leader is Mitch McConnell. (R)
Senate Majority Whip
The Senate Majority Whip is Dick Durbin. (D)
Senate Minority Whip
The Senate Minority Whip is John Thune. (R)
House
Speaker
The Speaker of the United States House of Representatives is Nancy Pelosi. (D)
Majority Leader
The House Majority Leader is Steny Hoyer. (D)
Minority Leader
The House Minority Leader is Kevin McCarthy. (R)
Majority Whip
The House Majority Whip is Jim Clyburn.
Minority Whip
The House Minority Whip is Steve Scalise. (R)
Notes
References
Legislative branch of the United States government
Flag of Balochistan, Pakistan

The Flag of Balochistan is the flag of the Province of Balochistan within Pakistan. The Balochistan provincial flag shows stylised mountains of this barren province and the principal mode of transport - the camel, also the "provincial animal". Displaying Pakistani national colours, white and dark Green, with a Crescent and star to represent the Muslim-majority all of which shows its Islamic heritage and strong ties with the Federation of Pakistan respectively.
Related pages
Flag of Pakistan (Federal)
Balochistan emblem
List of Pakistani flags
References
Balochistan
Balochistan
GNAA (disambiguation)

GNAA is the Gay Nigger Association of America, an Internet trolling organization.
GNAA may also mean:
Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Antica, a national art gallery in Italy
Great North Air Ambulance, an English medical charity
Gridless Narrow-Angle Astrometry, an astrometry technique
Guilford Native American Association, a Native American community association
Heinrich Retschury

Heinrich Retschury (* 5 January 1887 in Vienna; + 11 June 1944) was an Austrian football player, referee, coach and official. He played for First Vienna FC and the Austrian team.
Heinrich Retschury played for First Vienna FC as defender. Together with Wilhelm Eipeldauer he formed the defence of the club. He also played in the Austrian national footballteam. His first match was a 4:0 win against Transleithanien (Hungarian part of the Austrian-Hungary Empire). He played another 5 times in the team . His last match was a 1:8 versus England on June,1st 1909. Later he was member of the Olympic squad for the Stockholm Olympic games in 1912, but he did not play.
After his football career he became an international successful referee. At the 1924 Olympic Games in Paris he was referee and led three matches(Semifinal:Uruguay-Netherlands 2:1;First Bronce medal match:Netherlands-Sweden 1:1;Second round match:Sweden-Belgium 8:1) He also led a lot of league- and cupmatches in Austria.
During the First World War he was caretaker of the football national team because the coach Hugo Meisl became soldier. (22 matches,8 won, 3 draws, 11 lost ). Also in the year 1937, after the death of Hugo Meisl, he became cartaker of the national team(5matches 2 won 1 draw 2 lost ) and reached the qualification for the 1938 FIFA World Cup where Austria did not play, because it was occupied by Germany.
Austrian footballers
Players of the Austrian national football team
Austrian football managers
Austria national football team managers
Football referees
1887 births
1944 deaths
Austrian football defenders
Walter Raleigh

Sir Walter Raleigh (c. 1554-29 October 1618) was an English aristocrat, writer, poet, soldier, spy, and explorer. He helped make tobacco popular in England, especially among people in the royal court.
Raleigh was born to a Protestant family in East Budleigh, in Devon, the son of Walter Raleigh and Catherine Champernowne. Walter Raleigh was married to a woman called Elizabeth Throckmorten. He had 3 sons named Damerei Raleigh, Walter Raleigh and Carew Raleigh.
In 1594, Raleigh heard of a "City of Gold" in South America and sailed to find it, writing an exaggerated story of his trip in a book. He explored North Carolina all the way down to Florida. This book made people believe in the legend of "El Dorado". After Queen Elizabeth died in 1603, Raleigh was put in prison because he was accused of trying to overthrow King James I, who did not like Raleigh. In 1616, he was released to go look for El Dorado again. This was unsuccessful, and Raleigh's men attacked a Spanish outpost. He returned to England. The Spanish were upset, so to calm them, England arrested Raleigh and executed him by beheading (decapitation) on 29 October 1618.
References
Other websites
1550s births
1618 deaths
English writers
English explorers
Copyleft

Copyleft is a name for a type of a license for free content or free software. It is not the opposite of copyright, but its purpose is the opposite of the purpose of the frequently seen copyright type of license (which uses copyright to forbid changing, giving, or selling something). A copyleft license uses copyright to forbid forbidding changing, giving, or selling something.
Both copyleft and non-copyleft ("permissive") licenses for free content or free software can be used for things like documents (for example books, art, music and software); they always allow people to change the works, and to give or sell them to other people. It should be noted that, although people might think that copyleft content is not copyrighted, that's a myth. Copyleft is a form of licensing: it is not just another name for public domain.
However, in a copyleft license, when a person gives or sells a work (changed or not changed) to a friend, the person must allow the friend to do the things which the author of the original work has allowed in the license to the person. This often means, for example, that if another person licensed a book under a copyleft license, and you changed it into a new book, you would have to license your new book under the same license.
Some copyleft licenses that are used a lot are the GNU General Public License and the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license.
References
Copyright
Battle of Batibo

The Battle of Batibo was fought during the Anglophone Crisis between Ambazonian separatists and the Cameroon Armed Forces. The battle was fought on March 3, 2018 when Ambazonian rebels attacked Cameroonian units on the Bamenda-Batibo Highway, Batibo Subdivision. At the time, it was reportedly the deadliest confrontation between Cameroonian and Ambazonian forces to date.
Battle
Although the circumstances of the battle remain unclear, reports claim that separatist forces ambushed Cameroonian soldiers who were celebrating the recent recapture of most villages in the Batibo subdivision. The number of casualties on both sides remains unclear, but reports on social media claim that 70 Cameroonian soldiers and "hundreds" of separatists died in the battle.
These casualty figures far outweigh the official figures at the time. Two months after the battle, Cameroon admitted to having lost at least 44 soldiers and policemen since the start of the armed conflict, of whom at least 22 had died between February and May.
Aftermath
The mayor of Batibo, Frederick Tanjoh, said that while the number of casualties was high - people on the ground claimed to have seen a military truck carrying a load of dead bodies - no information had been released by the authorities.
After the battle, mass arrests took place in the villages of the Batibo subdivision. The villages of Gurissen and Kwana in Haut Bafang, Tinto were burnt down by unknown persons, while the villages of Korgwe, Effa, Koroko, Ambo and Angie were completely abandoned. In total, over 4,000 people fled their homes after the battle, including the Fons who abandoned their palaces.
References
Wars of independence
Civil wars involving Africa
March 2018 events
Battles
La Fayette Grover

La Fayette Grover (b. November 29, 1823 - d. May 10, 1911) was a Democratic representative and senator from Oregon, USA.
Grover was born in Bethel, Maine. He was educated at Bethel's Gould's Academy and Brunswick's Bowdoin College. Studying law and passing the bar in Philadelphia in 1850, he moved to Oregon in 1851 and set up practice in Salem.
The Oregon Territorial legislature elected him prosecuting attorney for Oregon second judicial district and auditor of public accounts for the Oregon Territory. From 1853 to 1855 he was elected to the territorial house of representatives. In 1854 he was appointed by the Department of the Interior to audit the claims out of the Rogue River Indian War. He then was appointed by the Secretary of War in 1856 to a board of commissioners to audit the Indian war expenses of Oregon and Washington.
In 1857 he was a delegate to the Oregon constitution convention and upon admission of Oregon as a state was elected as a Democratic representative to the Thirty-fifth United States Congress serving from February 15, 1859, to March 3, 1859. He did not run for reelection in 1858, instead resuming his law practice and the manufacture of woolens.
He was elected Governor of Oregon in 1871 and served until 1877 when he resigned, having been elected to the United States Senate. Grover served from March 4, 1877, to March 3, 1883 serving in the Forty-sixth United States Congress as the chairman of the Senate Committee on Manufactures. Not a candidate for reelection in 1883, instead he resumed the practice of law and retired from public life. Grover died in Portland, Oregon, on May 10, 1911 and was interned in Riverview Cemetery.
Reference
Bioguide entry
United States senators from Oregon
Grover, La Fayette
United States representatives from Oregon
1823 births
1911 deaths
Korouhanba

Korouhanba (, ) is the God of the Sun, the Sky and the Heaven in Meitei mythology and religion of Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur). He is also known as Taohuireng and is one of the two sun brothers in the Numit Kappa epic legend. For having the ability to remove darkness, he is also called "Ngantureng". He is described as "Songbu Chiraitangba", a physician who is bald headed.
Etymology
The Meitei name "Korouhanba" (ko.r@u.h@n.b@, ) is a term for the Sun. This term is generally used in verses or in poems. "Korouhanba" (ko.r@u.h@n.b@, ) can be fragmented into "Korou" (ko.r@u, ), "Han" (h@n, ) and "Ba" (b@, ). "Korou" (ko.r@u, ) means the day. "Han" (h@n, ) means "to be older". "Ba" (b@, ) denotes noun form.
Description
According to the Meitei tradition, Sun God Korouhanba has strong connection with human body, human soul and origin of life. The human body is a "Lang" (lit. trap). Inside the trap, the "Thawai Polpi" (lit. soul bird) is kept. The soul bird leaves the former "Lang" and enters into another "Lang". The process is called "Langon" (lit. Changing of Lang). The "Polpilang Puya" text describes that the sun is the origin of life. It was told to Luwang Leikoiba by Mangang Laininghal according to the text. He (the Sun) represents the Supreme Being in the world of things (non living) and beings (living). He is Korouhanba.
Cults and pantheons
The Lai Haraoba festival is celebrated in honor of God Korouhanba every year. The most significant shrine dedicated to God Korouhanba is in Moidangpok town in Manipur.
The cults and pantheons dedicated to God Korouhanba are mainly maintained by the Thokchom family of Meitei ethnicity.
He has religious association with the Maring tribe.
Connection with other deities
God Korouhanba has connection with Mangang Luwang Khuman, the three divine teachers in many legends.
Namesakes
Martial Arts Club
The Ibudhou Korouhanba Thang-Ta Moidangpok is a club of Thang Ta, a martial art form of the Meitei ethnicity. This martial arts association was a leading participant in the 31st State Thang Ta Championship in the year 2021.
Related pages
Pisatao
Taoroinai
References
Bibliography
A Critical Study Of The Religious Philosophy - by Singh, L. Bhagyachandra - 1991
Other websites
Kings in Meitei mythology
Meitei gods and goddesses
Gods and goddesses of the sky
Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea is an island country located on the Pacific Ocean. It is the east half of New Guinea island, plus some nearby islands. The capital city of Papua New Guinea is Port Moresby. The population of Papua New Guinea are mostly the Indigenous peoples of the island.
The island is in both Australasia and Oceania, which are two different terms for the continent of islands in the Pacific area. It borders Indonesia to the west and near Australia to the south.
Papua New Guinea has more languages than any other country.
History
Long ago, around 42,000 to 45,000 years ago, people came to Papua New Guinea. They were related to people who left Africa a long time ago and moved to other parts of the world. A study in 2016 found that it was about 50,000 years ago that these people came to a big land called Sahul, which is Australia and New Guinea combined. About 10,000 years ago, the sea level rose and New Guinea became an island. But even before that, the people in Australia and Papua New Guinea became different from each other about 37,000 years ago. Scientists found out that the ancestors of Papuans mixed with another group of people called Denisovans when they were in Asia a long time ago. They share 4% to 7% of their genes with these ancient people.
Around 9,000 years ago, people in New Guinea started growing their own plants and farming. This was one of the few places in the world where people did this without learning it from others. Later, around 2,500 years ago, some people who spoke Austronesian languages moved to the coasts of New Guinea. They brought new things like pottery, pigs, and fishing methods with them.
In the 18th century, traders brought a new kind of food called sweet potato to New Guinea. It was from South America and introduced by Portuguese traders to the Moluccas. People in New Guinea liked it and it became a popular food. Sweet potato gardens produced more crops than the traditional taro, and this helped societies grow and become more prosperous.
Divisions
Administrative divisions
Papua New Guinea is divided into four regions. These regions are important for government, commercial, sporting and other activities.
The nation has 20 province-level divisions: eighteen, the Autonomous Region of Bougainville and the National Capital District. Each province is divided into one or more districts. The districts are divided into one or more Local Level Government areas.
The province-level divisions are as follows:
Parliament has approved two additional provinces by 2012: Hela Province, which will be part of the current Southern Highlands Province, and Jiwaka Province, which will be formed by dividing Western Highlands Province.
In Morobe (#11 on the map) there is a goldfield.
References
Other websites
Government of Papua New Guinea
Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea focused wiki
Current monarchies
English-speaking countries
Commonwealth realms
1975 establishments
1970s establishments in Oceania
Wrestling

Wrestling is a competition in which two people try to pin the other person to the ground during matches. The people who wrestle are called wrestlers. Striking is not allowed in wrestling. Wrestlers use throws, takedowns, and trips to get their opponents down to the ground. On the ground, they use holds and pins to control their opponent. Wrestling is a popular and effective base for fighters in mixed martial arts competitions.
Western styles of wrestling:
Freestyle
Greco-Roman (French wrestling)
Collegiate (folk style) (USA)
International folk wrestling styles:
Kuresh ( Central Asia)
Karakucak Guresh (Turkey)
Sumo (Japan)
Ssireum (Korea)
Bekh (Mongolia)
Chidaoba (Georgia)
Kushti (India)
Oil wrestling (Turkey, and Bulgaria)
Related pages
Professional wrestling
Boxing
Judo
Wynton Marsalis

Wynton Learson Marsalis (born October 18, 1961) is an American jazz and classical trumpeter. He has won nine Grammy Awards for his music. His father was Ellis Marsalis Jr..
References
American jazz musicians
American classical musicians
American trumpeters
Grammy Award winners
African American musicians
Musicians from Louisiana
1961 births
Living people
Prionailurus

Prionailurus is a genus of four species of small, spotted wild cats found in Asia. They are typically forest-dwelling. Most are able to swim well; some species are actually semi-aquatic and feed mainly on fish and other aquatic animals.
Pocock's classification of Prionailurus is widely accepted:
Leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis)
Rusty-spotted cat (Prionailurus rubiginosus)
Fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus)
Flat-headed cat (Prionailurus planiceps)
References
Felines
Walther Rathenau

Walther Rathenau (September 29, 1867 in Berlin - June 24, 1922 in Berlin) was a German businessman, writer and politician.
Rathenau was of Jewish descent. He was a member of the social liberal German Democratic Party (Deutsche Demokratische Partei, shortened DDP).
From February 1, 1922, until his death the same year, he was Minister of Foreign Affairs.
He was a victim of a political assassination. He was murdered by an ultranationalist and antisemitic organization called Organisation Consul. He died at the age of 54.
References
Walther Rathenau, Harry Kessler, New York 1969
Other websites
Walther Rathenau Gesellschaft e. V.
1867 births
1922 deaths
Assassinated people
German businesspeople
German murder victims
Government ministers of the Weimar Republic
Jewish businesspeople
Jewish German politicians
Jewish German writers
Murders by firearm in Germany
Politicians from Berlin
Writers from Berlin
Michael Feichtenbeiner

Michael Feichtenbeiner (born 9 July 1960) is a German football coach. He is coach of Malaysia Super League club Selangor.
Career
He played for the amateur teams of TV Gultstein, SV Vaihingen and FV Germania Degerloch. He started coaching with VfB Stuttgart as youth coach. Then he became head coach of BSC Old Boys Basel from Switzerland and assistant coach at Stuttgarter Kickers Then he was head coach of TSF Ditzingen. From 1993 to 1997 he brought the club from Oberliga Baden-Wurttemberg to Regionalliga Sud. In 1997 Feichtenbeiner became the assistant coach for KFC Uerdingen 05 and 1998 head coach of SC Pfullendorf.
In the summer of 1999 Feichtenbeiner became head coach of Stuttgarter Kickers in the 2. Bundesliga. In the 199-2000 deason the club defeating three Bundesliga clubs (Borussia Dortmund, Arminia Bielefeld and SC Freiburg). In the semi-finals they lost versus Werder Bremen after extra time. But Feichtenbeiner was fired in March 2000 because the results in the league were poor.
The following years he coached several Regionalliga Sud teams (SV Darmstadt 98, Rot-Weiss Erfurt, Sportfreunde Siegen). In 2005 he became headcoach of MPPJ FC in the Malaysia Premier League. After being fired by MPPJ FC in early August 2006 he was again head coach of SC Pfullendorf.
2009-10 he was sporting director at Energie Cottbus in 2009-2010 and from 2010-2011 head coach of Bintang Medan FC in Indonesia in 2010-2011. 2012 he went to Wehen Wiesbaden as sporting director. till the end of 2014-15 season.
2016 he was head coach of the German under-15 national football team. With this he was then coach of the Under-16 and then the Under-17 team.
In 2019 he became assistance coach for FC Liefering in Austrias 2nd league. After Gerhard Struber left the club he became caretaker coach.
In December 2019 he became Technical Director and coach of the reserve team of Selangor F.C. in Malaysia. Since 20 November 2021he is head coach of the team.
References
1960 births
Living people
German football managers
FC Liefering managers
Mitzach

Mitzach is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Communes in Haut-Rhin
Aru tree frog

The Aru tree frog (Ranoidea aruensis) is a tree frog that lives on two islands in Indonesia called the Aru Islands.
References
Frogs of Asia
1964 United States presidential election

The 1964 United States presidential election happened on November 3, 1964. It was between Democrat Lyndon Johnson, President of the United States, and his running mate Hubert Humphrey of Minnesota, against Republican Barry Goldwater, a Senator from Arizona, and his running mate, Congressman William Miller of New York.
In 1963, President John F. Kennedy was assassinated and Johnson (his vice president) became president of the United States.
Lyndon Johnson campaigned to continue many of Kennedy's policies and ideas such as civil rights. He supported a series of programs called the "Great Society" to improve the quality of living for poor people which included programs like Medicare, Medicaid, and environmental programs.
Barry Goldwater had the opposite belief that the government should be smaller and he was against government programs. During his campaign, actor Ronald Reagan made a famous speech called "A Time For Choosing" in support of Goldwater. Goldwater, during the campaign, was portrayed as an extremist who condoned the actions of the KKK and would cause nuclear war. His beliefs were radical at the time, but they would later influence many libertarian and conservative politicians.
Lyndon Johnson won the election by a landslide, and this was the last presidential election where Democrats carried any of 8 particular states.
Candidates
Democratic Party
Democratic candidates:
Lyndon B. Johnson, President of the United States from Texas
George Wallace, governor of Alabama
Pat Brown, governor of California
Candidates gallery
Republican Party
Republican candidates:
John W. Byrnes, U.S. representative from Wisconsin
Hiram Fong, U.S. senator from Hawaii
Barry Goldwater, U.S. senator from Arizona
Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr., former U.S. senator and 1960 vice-presidential nominee from Massachusetts
Richard Nixon, former vice president and 1960 presidential nominee
Nelson A. Rockefeller, Governor and candidate for the 1960 nomination from New York
Margaret Chase Smith, U.S. senator from Maine
William Scranton, governor of Pennsylvania
Harold E. Stassen, former Minnesota Governor and candidate for the 1944, 1948 and 1952 nominations, running from Pennsylvania
Candidates gallery
Other websites
1964 Presidential General Election Results
presidential election
United States presidential elections
United Left (Spain)

United Left ( , IU) is a political coalition that was created in 1986, bringing together several left-wing political organizations.
IU was founded as an electoral coalition of seven parties, but the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) is the only remaining member of the IU at the national level. It is currently part of Unidas Podemos.
References
1980s establishments in Spain
1986 establishments in Europe
Political parties in Spain
Central Luzon

Central Luzon (; designated as Region III or Region 3), is central part of Luzon, The region has the largest plain in the country and produces most of the country's rice supply. Its provinces are Aurora, Bataan, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Tarlac, and Zambales.
Overview
Central Luzon Region is north of Manila, the nation's capital. To the north are Ilocos, Cordillera Administrative Region and Cagayan Valley. To the south are the National Capital Region, CALABARZON and Manila Bay. To the west is the South China Sea. To the east is the Philippine Sea.
There are fourteen cities which include: Balanga in Bataan; Malolos, Meycauayan and San Jose del Monte in Bulacan; Cabanatuan, Gapan, Munoz, Palayan and San Jose in Nueva Ecija; Angeles, Mabalacat and San Fernando in Pampanga; Tarlac in Tarlac; and Olongapo in Zambales. Central Luzon produces the most rice in the whole country. Excess rice is delivered and imported to other provinces of the Philippines.
The City of San Fernando, in Pampanga, is the regional center.
Aurora was transferred from Region IV by Executive Order No. 103.
Religion
In 2000, 86.9% of the population of Central Luzon was Roman Catholic. Other religions include Iglesia Ni Cristo, Aglipayan, Evangelicals, United Methodist, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-day Adventist and United Church of Christ in the Philippines. In addition there are smaller numbers of other religions.
Political divisions
Central Luzon has 7 provinces, 14 cities, 116 municipalities, and 3,102 barangays.
Central Luzon has fourteen cities. San Jose del Monte is the city with the most population. Meycauayan is the most densely populated city in the region. Tarlac City is the largest based on land area.
References
Other websites
Central Luzon Local Search
Executive Order No. 561: FORMATION OF THE "SUPER" REGIONS AND MANDATE OF THE SUPERREGIONAL DEVELOPMENT CHAMPIONS
North Luzon Super Region: Potentials
North Luzon Super Region: Projects
Executive Order No. 103
Regions of the Philippines
Alice in Videoland

Alice in Videoland is an electroclash band from Sweden. The band started in 2002. Toril Lindqvist is the singer.
History
In 2003 the band released their first album Maiden Voyage in Sweden. In 2005 they released their second album Outrageous!. The band was signed by the American record label Storming The Base. In 2008 the band's third album She's a Machine! was released. "She's a Machine" was released as the album's first single. In 2010 the band's fourth album A Million Thoughts and They're All About You was released.
References
Musical groups established in 2003
Swedish musical groups
Cold Mountain (movie)

Cold Mountain is a 2003 American drama movie set in North Carolina. It was directed by Anthony Minghella. The main actors in the movie are Jude Law, Nicole Kidman, and Renee Zellweger. It was nominated for seven Academy Awards and won one, for Zellweger as Best Supporting Actress.
Plot
The movie is about a Civil War deserter named W. P. Inman. He has deserted the Confederate Army - he does not to fight the war anymore and they would not let him go, so he left and has not come back. In the Civil War, the Confederacy wanted to break away from the United States, but the Union would not let them, so they fought for whether the Confederacy (also called the South) should be allowed to break away or not. Before he left, he fell in love with a woman named Ada and now he wants to be back with her.
Along the way, Inman finds a preacher named John. John is a drunk, but he goes with Inman. However, they are caught by the Home Guard, a group of men who try to find deserters and round them up. They are put in chains with a bunch of other people and are forced to march for a few days. However, the Home Guard gets tired of moving them and decides to shoot them all. Inman manages to not get hit and soon breaks free.
At home, Ada is living with her father. Her father dies soon after Inman leaves and soon the farmhouse and the farm breaks down and looks bad. A woman named Ruby comes and teaches Ada how to work and fix the farmhouse up. They soon become good friends. One day, Ruby's father comes to the farm. He had left his wife and the children before, and Ruby slaps him because of it but she lets him in. He can play an instrument.
References
Other websites
2003 romantic drama movies
2000s war movies
Italian drama movies
Romanian drama movies
American Civil War
American romantic drama movies
American war movies
2000s English-language movies
2000s historical movies
Movies set in North Carolina
Movies set in forests
Movies set in the 1860s
Buena Vista International movies
Miramax movies
Movies directed by Anthony Minghella