pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Al-Qassim Region

Al-Qassim Region (, Mintaqat al-Qasim [aelqa's?i:m]) is one of the thirteen administrative regions of Saudi Arabia. It has a population of 1,370,727. It has an area of . It is known to be the "alimental basket" of the country, for its agricultural assets. Al-Qassim is the richest region per capita in Saudi Arabia. It is the seventh most populated region in the country after Jizan. It is the fifth most densely populated region. Its capital city is Buraydah.
Geography of Saudi Arabia
Grey Goose (drink)

Grey Goose is a brand of vodka that was introduced in the United States in 1997 and is manufactured by Bacardi. The distillation of Grey Goose takes place in the commune of Cognac in France. It was designed in 1997 by Sidney Frank, a billionaire.
Other websites
Grey Goose's Official website
Alcoholic spirits
he:vvdkh#mvtgy vvdkh nvd`ym
British Rail Class 58

The British Rail Class 58 is a class of Co-Co diesel locomotive designed for heavy freight. Introduced in 1982, they followed American practice of modularisation. From new they were painted in grey Railfreight Sector livery, instead of BR blue. EWS withdrew them in 2002 after 20 years in service, though 30 were subsequently hired abroad--four to the Netherlands, eight to Spain, and twenty to France.
58
BREL locomotives
Garage rock

Garage rock is a raw and energetic style of rock and roll that was popular in the mid-1960s in the United States, Canada, and other countries. It has experienced several more recent revivals. In the beginning, it was not yet defined as a musical genre. Attention to the sound from rock critics in the early 1970s helped it become appreciated as a genre.
It is called "garage rock" because many of the groups that played it were made up of young amateurs, often in high school and college, who sometimes rehearsed in their families' garages. Some of the bands were older and professional. The groups in this genre are often referred to as "garage bands".
The style, which led up to psychedelic rock, often had simple lyrics and sometimes used guitars distorted through a device called a fuzzbox. Surf rock was an early influence. Later the Beatles and the beat groups of the British Invasion became popular. This led to many aspiring musicians to form bands in the United States and elsewhere between 1963 and 1968. Some bands produced regional hits, and a few even had national chart hits.
With the rise of psychedelia, a number of garage bands started to add strange and exotic elements to their sound, but after 1968, as more complex forms of rock music took over, garage rock records declined in popularity.
In the early 1970s certain critics began to refer to the style as "punk rock", which made it the first form of music to use that name. It is sometimes called "garage punk", "protopunk", or "'60s punk" to set it apart from the more well-known punk rock movement that came later in 1970s. The garage rock style has been revived several times in recent decades and continues to influence many modern groups who prefer a "back to basics" and "do it yourself" musical approach.
Other websites
'60s Garage Bands - histories of local and regional bands of the 1960s
Beyond the Beat Generation - interviews with former members of 1960s garage bands
Everett True's Australian Garage Rock Primer - about Australian garage rock bands of the 1960s and later
G45 Central - website and blog with discussions about garage rock
Garage Hangover - garage bands of the 1960s by state, province and country
GS - about the 'group sounds' garage/beat boom in Japan
It's Psychedelic Baby - articles, interviews, and reviews of 1960s psychedelic and garage acts
Start - Website covering as many as 1400 Dutch 'Nederbeat' bands of the 1960s (in both Dutch and English)
Ugly Things - magazine with information on garage rock and vintage from the 1960s and other eras
Rock music
Werner Klemperer

Werner Klemperer (March 22, 1920 - December 6, 2000) was a German-born American stage, movie, and television actor and musician. He won an Emmy Award in 1968 and in 1969.
Klemperer died of cancer on December 6, 2000, aged 80, at his home in Manhattan, New York City.
References
Other websites
Werner Klemperer at concentric.net
Klemperer's parents, Otto and Johanna, 1920s portrait by Nickolas Muray
Interview with Werner Klemperer by Bruce Duffie, July, 1985
Emmy Award winning actors
1920 births
2000 deaths
Cancer deaths in New York City
Naturalized citizens of the United States
German movie actors
German television actors
German stage actors
German musicians
Actors from Cologne
Quaregna Cerreto

Quaregna Cerreto is a comune in the Province of Biella in the Piedmont region in Italy. It was created on 1 January 2019 by the merger of the former comuni of
Quaregna and Cerreto Castello.
References
2019 establishments in Italy
Settlements in Piedmont
Guano

Guano is the excrement of bats and birds. This excrement is exceptionally high in nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium, three nutrients which are essential for plant growth. Therefore, it is often used as fertilizer, to make plants grow more quickly.
Related pages
Uric acid
Fertilizers
Le Plessis-Bouchard

Le Plessis-Bouchard is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.
References
Communes in Val-d'Oise
Agostino Carracci

Agostino Carracci (sometimes also spelled Agostino Caracci, August 16, 1557 - March 22, 1602) was an Italian painter and printmaker. His brother Annibale and cousin Lodovico Carracci were more famous than he was.
He thought nature was an ideal. He founded a school that was competing with that of Caravaggio. Together with his brothers, he founded the Accademia degli Incamminati. The academy helped painters of the School of Bologna to become famous.
Related pages
List of Italian painters
Other websites
Catholic Encyclopedia: Carracci
1557 births
1602 deaths
16th-century Italian painters
Printmakers
Jamaican Patois

Jamaican Patois, known as Patwa, Jamaican Creole or simply Jamaican, is an English-African Creole language spoken mostly in Jamaica and among the Jamaican diaspora.
Formation of the language
Jamaican Patois was developed in the 17th century with the arrival of West African slaves. Once they arrived in the island, they had to quickly learn and neutralize the dialectal forms of the English language. The slaves, just like in any region of the Caribbean rather speak their original tongue than learn the proper forms of the European languages of their masters.
Irish influence
Jamaican Creole draws an Irish phonetic sounds in some areas of Jamaica, however, the schools and education in Jamaica are based on the British English in the writing, reading and speech.
African influence
Jamaican Patois has African influences dating back to the 17th century. Its syntax, sounds, phonetics, grammar, and plenty of words show African influence in every aspect.
Chinese and East Indian influence
The Jamaican language has hundreds or thousands of words with origins of the Cantonese and the Indian languages, such as "Ganja" (Mariguana).
References
Pidgins and creoles
Languages of the Caribbean
Jamaica
17th-century establishments in North America
O Yeong-su (actor)

O Yeong-su (; born October 19, 1944), is a South Korean actor. He began acting in theatre in 1967. He is known for playing Oh Il-nam in the Netflix survival drama Squid Game. In January 2022, he won the Golden Globe Award for this role.
References
1944 births
Living people
South Korean movie actors
South Korean television actors
Stage actors
Golden Globe Award winning actors
Veigy-Foncenex

Veigy-Foncenex is a commune. It is in Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Haute-Savoie department in southeast France.
Communes in Haute-Savoie
I Wanna Go

"I Wanna Go" is a 2011 song by Britney Spears. The song is the third single from her seventh studio album, Femme Fatale. The song was released on June 13, 2011. It was an instant success, reaching the top ten of the Billboard Hot 100 a day after debuting. This resulted in a flash mob in Times Square. Spears also shut down Times Square for an unexpected performance.
The song has currently been downloaded over 1.8 million times in the US as of 2016.
Music video
The video premiered on June 22, 2011, and was directed by Chris Marrs Piliero. Spears is asked questions by paparazzi in a press conference and grows tired of them, eventually saying, "Fuck you" to all but one of them. She then goes for a joyride with actor Guillermo Diaz, known for his role in the television series Weeds.
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
References
2011 songs
Britney Spears songs
Jamshid bin Abdullah of Zanzibar

Sayyid Jamshid bin Abdullah Al Said GCMG, () (born 16 September 1929 in Unguja) was the last Sultan of Zanzibar. He ruled Zanzibar from 1 July 1963 to 12 January 1964.
On 10 December 1963, Zanzibar received its independence from the United Kingdom as a constitutional monarchy under Jamshid. This state of affairs was short lived and he was overthrown by the Zanzibar Revolution.
He fled into exile firstly to Oman and then to the United Kingdom, where, as of 2012, he continues to live in Portsmouth with his wife and six children as the Head of the Zanzibari Royal Family and as the Sovereign of the Order of the Brilliant Star of Zanzibar and the Most Illustrious Order of Independence of Zanzibar. Secondly, he is married to Zuleika bin Abdullah Al Aufy.
References
1929 births
Living people
The General Line

The General Line () is a 1929 Soviet silent drama movie directed by Grigori Aleksandrov and Sergei Eisenstein. It stars Martha Lapkina, M. Ivanin, and Konstantin Vasilyev.
Actors
Martha Lapkina as Martha
M. Ivanin as Martha's son
Konstantin Vasilyev as tractor-driver
Neyninkov as Miroshkin
Chukamaryev as butcher
References
Other websites
Russian silent movies
Russian drama movies
1929 drama movies
Movies directed by Grigori Aleksandrov
Movies directed by Sergei Eisenstein
Soviet drama movies
Viking program

The Viking program was a NASA mission that sent two spacecraft to the planet Mars. These spacecraft were called Viking 1 and Viking 2. Each spacecraft was made of an orbiter and a lander. The orbiters took pictures of Mars from their orbit and sent information to Earth. The landers gathered scientific data on the surface of the planet.
Both Viking spacecraft were launched in 1975 and both reached Mars in 1976. Scientists chose landing places for both landers from the pictures that the orbiters had taken. Then the landers were released from the orbiters and they went down to their landing places. The orbiters continued to take pictures while the landers studied the surface of the planet and did other things. All of the spacecraft, including both orbiters and both landers, kept working for longer than they had been planned to. Eventually, they broke down. Viking 2 Orbiter stopped working in 1978, Viking 1 Orbiter and Viking 2 Lander in 1980, and Viking 1 Lander in 1982.
The Viking program was the most expensive and difficult mission ever sent to Mars. The program cost a total of US$1 billion. The program was very successful. Most of the knowledge about Mars until the late 1990s came from the Viking mission.
References
Other websites
NASA Mars Viking Mission
Solar Views Project Viking Fact Sheet
Viking Mission to Mars (Video)
A diagram of the Viking and its flight profile
NASA programs
Mars
1970s in spaceflight
Movers & Shakers

Movers & Shakers is a 1985 American comedy movie directed by William Asher and starring Walter Matthau, Charles Grodin (who also worte), Vincent Gardenia, Tyne Daly, Gilda Radner, Steve Martin, Bill Macy. It was distributed by United Artists.
Other websites
1985 comedy movies
American comedy movies
MGM movies
Movies directed by William Asher
Muhammadiyah

Muhammadiyah (, followers of Muhammad); also known as the Muhammadiyah Society () is a major Islamic non-governmental organization in Indonesia. The organization was founded in 1912 by Ahmad Dahlan in the city of Yogyakarta. They support ijtihad - individual interpretation of Qur'an and Sunnah. It played an important role in the popularity of Salafism in Indonesia.
References
Indonesia
United Airlines Flight 175

United Airlines Flight 175 was the second hijacked airplane of the September 11, 2001 attacks. The flight was traveling from Logan International Airport in Boston, Massachusetts to Los Angeles International Airport in Los Angeles, California.
It crashed into the South Tower of the World Trade Center. The plane was hijacked by five members of al-Qaeda. The plane was a Boeing 767. 56 people (including 5 hijackers) and 9 crew members died in the crash. The time of the crash was 9:03 AM Eastern Daylight Time. Unlike American Airlines Flight 11, which crashed into the North tower 17.5 minutes earlier, Flight 175 was the only plane seen live on television because of the media attention drawn to the scene from the crash of Flight 11.
Aircraft
The aircraft used in the attack was a Boeing 767-222. The aircraft had a registration of N612UA, and it was built in 1983 by Boeing. The airplane could seat 168 passengers in total (10 seats in first class, 33 seats in business class, and 125 seats in economy class). On this particular flight, 56 passengers (5 of which were hijackers), and nine staff members. All together, United Airlines Flight 175 carried 65 people on the morning of September 11.
References
Other websites
Brief summary of United Airlines Flight 175, as well as a complete victim list
September 11 attacks
Aviation accidents and incidents in 2001
Urtière

Urtiere is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
Sagama

Sagama (Sagama) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 200 people lived there. Its area is 11.72 km2. It is 333 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Human nature

Human nature refers to the characteristics of mankind. This means ways of thinking, feeling and acting which humans have naturally.
What these characteristics are, what causes them and how fixed human nature is, are good questions. They among the oldest and most important questions in western philosophy. These questions affect ethics, politics and theology. Human nature is a source of advice on how to live well, but it also puts limits and obstacles on living a good life.
The complex implications of such questions are also dealt with in art and literature, while the humanities inquire into human nature, and what it means to be human.
Theories of human nature
Many great thinkers have had definite ideas on human nature, but some ideas have lasted better than others. An example of this is the best-selling college textbook which first appeared in 1974 as Seven theories of human nature. The seven theories were those of:
Plato
Christianity
Marx
Freud
Sartre
Skinner
Lorenz
Thirty years later the selection was of ten theories:
Confucianism
Hinduism
Buddhism
Plato
Aristotle
The Bible
Kant
Marx
Sartre and
Darwinian theories of human nature.
Aristotle
Aristotle, Plato's most famous student, made some of the most famous and influential statements about human nature.
In his works some clear statements about human nature are made:
Man is a conjugal animal. 'Conjugal' means living together, building a household (oikos). A clan or small village could still be run by the head of the family.
Man is a political animal. By this he meant an animal with able to develop complex communities the size of a city or town, with a division of labour and law-making. This type of community is different from a large family, and requires the use of human reason.
Man loves to use his imagination (and not just to make laws and run town councils). We love to look at things, learn their names, and think about them.
For Aristotle, reason is what is most special about humanity compared to other animals, and is what we achieve at our best.
Much of Aristotle's description of human nature is still influential today, but the particular teleological idea that humans are "meant" or intended to be something, has become much less popular in modern times.
Biological theories
Humans are mammals, and have developed by a process of evolution. It follows that what is called human nature is inherited, and had been the product of natural selection. We are not blank slates; our mental life and behaviour has ancient roots. This is the question of nature vs nurture, and the subject-matter of evolutionary psychology. Ethology and sociobiology has also looked at these issues from the perspective of human evolution and heredity.
References
Humans
Human behavior
Philosophical anthropology
Debby Boone

Debby Boone (born Deborah Ann Boone on September 22, 1956) is a singer, songwriter, and children's book author. She is the daughter of singer Pat Boone. She has won three Grammy Awards; in 1977, 1980 and 1984.
Awards
1977: Grammy Award: Best New Artist of the Year, for the song "You Light Up My Life"
1980: Grammy Award: Best Inspirational Performance for the song "With My Song I Will Praise Him"
1984: Grammy Award: Best Performance by a duo or group for the song "Keep The Flame Burning" with Phil Driscoll
References
1956 births
Living people
Grammy Award winners
Singers from New Jersey
Christian music singers
American pop musicians
People from Hackensack, New Jersey
Edvard Beneš

Edvard Benes (28 May 1884 in Kozlany - 3 September 1948 in Sezimovo Usti) was the second president of Czechoslovakia (1935 - 1938 and 1945 - 1948). During World War II, he led the government-in-exile in England (1939 - 1945). The next president was Klement Gottwald, a communist.
1884 births
1948 deaths
Prime Ministers of Czechoslovakia
Presidents of Czechoslovakia
Erin Moriarty (actress)

Erin Elair Moriarty (born June 24, 1994) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Annie January / Starlight in the Amazon Prime Video series The Boys (2019-present).
References
Other websites
Erin Moriarty at TV.com
1994 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from New York City
Josef Blum

Josef Blum (4 February 1898 - 18 October 1956 ) was an Austrian football player and coach. He played as defender for Nussdorfer AC and First Vienna FC. He was player and captain of the Austrian Wunderteam in the early 1930s.
Career
Josef Blum began his career in 1913 at Nussdorfer AC. In 1918 he moved to the then second division club First Vienna FC. The same season they were promoted to the First division. Blum celebrated great successes as a player with the Vienna. In 1929 and 1930 he won the Austrian Cup with his club, in 1931 he was Austrian champion and winner of the Mitropapokal and in 1933 again champion.
International career
Blum made his debut for the Austrian national team on 7 November 1920 in a 2-1 win over Hungary in Budapest. From 1920 to 1932 he made a total of 51 appearances in the national team. He was its undisputed captain for twelve years. At the first game of the miracle team on16 May 1931 against Scotland, Josef Blum was already 33 years old. Josef Blum played his last game in the national team on 24 April 1932 in Vienna in an 8-2 triumph over Hungary. Overall he played 51 matches and scored three goals.
Manager career
After his active career as a soccer player he coached Wiener Austria, Racing Strasbourg, First Vienna FC, Wiener Sport-Club and SV Kapfenberg. In 1933, in his very first year, he celebrated his greatest successes as a coach with Austria. They won the Vienna Cup and the Mitropapokal.
Honours
as player
2 x Austrian champion: 1931, 1933
2 x Austrian Cup: 1929, 1930
1 x Mitropacup: 1931 (Vienna)
as manager
1 x Austrian Cup: 1933 (Austria)
1 x Mitropacup: 1933 (Austria)
1 x Coupe de France: Finalist
References
Galyat

The Galyat region is an area roughly 50-80 km north-east of Islamabad, Pakistan, on both sides of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Punjab border. The word Galyat is the plural of the Urdu word gali, which means an alley between two mountains on both sides of which there are valleys and it is not the highest point in the range. Many of the towns in the area have the word gali as part of their names. These are popular summer-holiday destinations in Pakistan. Murree, one of the most popular hill stations of Pakistan, is the largest town of the Galyat area.
Localities in the Galyat
Ayubia (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
Bara Gali (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
Bhurban (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
Changla Gali (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
Charra Pani (Punjab)
Dunga Gali (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
Ghora Gali (Punjab)
Khaira Gali (Punjab)
Khanspur (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
Murree (Punjab)
Nathia Gali (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
Thandiani (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
Hill Stations in Pakistan
Stonycreek Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania

Stonycreek Township is a township in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 2,221 at the 2000 census.
References
Townships in Pennsylvania
Florissant Formation

The Florissant Fossil Formation is a lagerstatte in the Colarado part of the Rocky Mountains. It shows life in the Eocene in as-yet unraised part of what is now the Rocky Mountains. It shows the whole forest ecosystem in some detail, particularly the plants. From this we can be sure the forest was sub-tropical, and the climate much warmer than today.
This site shows the scene right at the end of the long Eocene period. The fauna is discussed in a well-illustrated book. The site is protected as the Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument.
References
Books by American authors
2003 books
Lagerstatten
Eocene
Chen Wenli

Chen Wenli (born 4 May 1990) is a Chinese wheelchair basketball player. She is a member of the China women's national wheelchair basketball team. She won the silver medal at the 2020 Summer Paralympics, and the gold medal at the 2018 Asian Para Games.
At the 2018 World Wheelchair Basketball Championship she finished fourth.
References
1990 births
Chinese wheelchair basketball players
Living people
Chinese Paralympic silver medalists
Macon County, Tennessee

Macon County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. In the 2020 census, 25,216 people lived there. The county seat is Lafayette.
References
Tennessee counties
Go Fish

Go Fish is a game with playing cards. 2 to 10 people can play.
Every player gets five cards. The rest of the cards (the deck) are put face down where all the players can get them. Cards that are the same number are called pairs. If a player has a pair, they put it face up in front of them so everybody can see it. The player to the left of the player who gave everybody their cards goes first. When it is a player's turn, they ask another player for a card that is the same color and number as one they already have. They can ask any player. If the other player has the card, they give it to the one that asked, and the one that asked puts the pair in front of them and gets to go again.
If the other player does not have the card, then they say "Go Fish", and the player that asked takes a card from the deck and the next player goes. If a player has no cards when it is time for him to go, then he just takes a card from the deck and the next player goes. If there are no cards in the deck and the player has no cards, then that player does not get to go. The game ends when all the cards are face up in pairs. The winner is the player with the most pairs.
Card games
David Hellenius

David Hellenius (born 28 February 1974) is a Swedish comedian and television host. He has hosted Idol 2004 and the celebrity dance show Let's Dance for ten seasons as of 2015.
References
1974 births
Living people
Swedish television presenters
Trenton, Illinois

Trenton is a city in Clinton County, Illinois, United States. The population was 3,184 at the 2010 census.
Cities in Illinois
Great Teacher Onizuka

, in short GTO, is a Japanese shonen manga series. It was created by Tooru Fujisawa. It was originally published in Weekly Shonen Magazine from May 1997 to April 2002. The story focuses on 22-year-old Eikichi Onizuka. He becomes a teacher at a private middle school, Holy Forest Academy, in Tokyo, Japan. Shonan Junai Gumi (lit. "Shonan True Love Group") and Bad Company are other manga series by Tooru Fujisawa. They focus on the life of Onizuka before he became a teacher in Great Teacher Onizuka.
A twelve-episode Japanese television drama running from July to September 1998 was created based on this manga. A live-action film directed by Masayuki Suzuki and released in December 1999 was also created based on this manga. A 43-episode anime television series based on this manga aired in Japan by Fuji Television and Animax from June 1999 to September 2000. Both the anime and manga have been licensed in North America by Tokyopop. A second live action series aired in Japan during 2012, and two more in 2014. It won the 1998 Kodansha Manga Award for shonen category.
References
1997 manga
1998 television series debuts
1998 television series endings
1999 anime television series
1999 comedy movies
1999 television series debuts
2000 television series endings
2009 manga
2012 television series debuts
2012 television series endings
2014 manga
2014 television series debuts
2014 television series endings
Action television series
Anime series based on manga
Comedy anime and manga
Japanese action movies
Japanese comedy movies
Japanese television dramas based on manga
Manga series
Alexander Glazunov

Alexander Konstantinovich Glazunov (10 August 186521 March 1936) was a Russian composer, music teacher, and conductor. He was the director of the Saint Petersburg Conservatory between 1905 and 1928. He left the Soviet Union in 1928 and did not return. Glazunov successfully reconciled nationalism and cosmopolitanism in Russian music.
1865 births
1936 deaths
Russian composers
Oriented strand board

Oriented strand board, commonly called OSB, is a type of particle board which is made of carefully positioned strands of wood. Aspen and other similar woods are cut into long strands parallel to the grain of the wood. It is manufactured into sheets made up of wood strands, wax, and resin adhesives. Sheets are formed under pressure and heat. The finished sheet size varies by country. OSB is very strong making it ideal for building construction. Its most common uses in construction are for covering walls, floors and roofs before the finish products are applied.
OSB-2 is specially designed OSB for load-bearing purposes. It is for use in dry areas.
OSB-3 is designed the same, but is for use in wet areas.
OSB can also be made from trees from areas burned over by forest fires.
References
Related pages
Plywood
Engineered wood
Particle board
Waferboard
Other websites
APA - The Engineered Wood Association: OSB
Kronospan Worldwide: OSB
Wood
Labastide-Esparbairenque

Labastide-Esparbairenque is a commune of 73 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
Communes in Aude
The Open Door Tour

The Open Door Tour is the second worldwide tour by American alternative metal band Evanescence. Supporting the bands' second album, The Open Door, the tour began October 5, 2006, in Toronto, Canada and lasted for a little over a year. During the tour, the band performed at several popular music festivals, including Download and PinkPop festivals and Z100's Jingle Ball. The setlist included songs from The Open Door and the bands debut album, Fallen.
Background
For the first leg of the tour, the band toured locations in North America in October and traveled to Europe in November to play a number of shows before returning to the U.S. in December to perform in large arenas. The band later continued this leg of the tour in January 2007 in Montreal, Canada, playing in locations in Canada before heading to Japan and Australia.
The second leg of the tour began on March 16, kicking off in Fresno, California. The tour ran through the U.S., South America, South Africa and Europe, closing their European tour with a sell-out concert at the Amphi in Ra'anana, Israel, on June 26, 2007. On May 4, 2007, guitarist John LeCompt was fired and drummer Rocky Grey quit. They were replaced by Troy McLawhorn and Will Hunt from the band Dark New Day.
Evanescence later co-headlined The Family Values Tour alongside Korn from July 27 until September 2, 2007. Afterwards, the band left on their Winter tour on October 23, playing shows in the U.S. and Mexico, before concluding the album's tour on December 8, 2007 in Kingston, Rhode Island. It was initially stated that McLawhorn and Hunt would tour with Evanescence till the end of the Family Values Tour in September, but continued to play with the band through The Open Door tour.
Opening Acts
First Leg
Revelation Theory (United States, Europe)
Stone Sour (Canada)
The Black Maria (Canada)
Shihad (Australia)
Second Leg
Chevelle (United States)
Finger Eleven (United States)
Third Leg
Sick Puppies
Julien-K
Shiny Toy Guns (Special Appearance)
Setlists
{{hidden
| headercss = background: #ccccff; font-size: 100%; width: 65%;
| contentcss = text-align: left; font-size: 100%; width: 75%;
| header = First Leg
| content =North America
"Sweet Sacrifice"
"Weight of the World"
"The Only One"
"Going Under"
"Whisper"
"Lithium"
"Good Enough"
"Haunted"
"Imaginary"
"Call Me When You're Sober"
"Bring Me to Life"
"Lacrymosa"
Encore
"My Immortal"
"All That I'm Living For"
Europe
Sweet Sacrifice
Weight of the World
Going Under
The Only One
Haunted
Whisper
Lithium
Good Enough
Call Me When You're Sober
Imaginary
Bring Me to Life
Lacrymosa
Encore
My Immortal
All That I'm Living For
}}
Evanescence
Concert tours
en:The Open Door#Tour
Fear of the dark

Fear of the dark is a common fear or phobia among children and, to some degree, adults. In severe cases, it has the name of nyctophobia or scotophobia or lygophobia.
References
Phobias
Bertha Calloway

Bertha Calloway (July 14, 1925 - November 25, 2017) was an American community activist and historian. She was born in Omaha, Nebraska. Her works and civil rights activities happened in Omaha. Calloway was the founder of the Negro History Society and the Great Plains Black History Museum. Calloway won awards from several organizations for her activism in the community and Nebraska.
Calloway died of pneumonia in Omaha on November 25, 2017 at the age of 92.
References
1925 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
American civil rights activists
American historians
Writers from Omaha, Nebraska
The Holt School

The Holt School is a secondary school for girls in Wokingham, Berkshire, England. It has over 1200 girls from ages 11-18. Boys are admitted to the sixth form. The school was founded in the 1930s. It is a specialized language and science college. It is in the top 200 highest achieving schools in GCSE, AS and A level exam results.
Ofsted judged the school to be 'outstanding' and the sixth form to be 'good'. In 2013 88.3% of students got 5 A*-Cs in their GCSEs.
References
1930s establishments in England
Berkshire
Schools in England
Tyler Herro

Tyler Christopher Herro (born January 20, 2000) is an American professional basketball player for the Miami Heat of the National Basketball Association (NBA). After playing one year of college basketball for the Kentucky Wildcats, he was drafted by Miami in 2019.
He was picked to the NBA All-Rookie Second Team in 2020. In his rookie season, Herro also reached the NBA Finals with the Heat. In 2022, he was named the NBA Sixth Man of the Year.
References
2000 births
American basketball players
Living people
Miami Heat players
Sportspeople from Wisconsin
Kesava Reddy

Kesava Reddy () (10 March 1946 - 13 February 2015) was a Telugu novelist. He was from Andhra Pradesh state in India. In his writings, he talked about many of the important social problems in India like poverty, prejudices, and superstitions, and encourages people to be socially responsible.
References
1946 births
2015 deaths
Indian writers
Frank Carlucci

Frank Charles Carlucci III (October 18, 1930 - June 3, 2018) was an American politician. He served as the United States Secretary of Defense from 1987 to 1989 in the administration of President Ronald Reagan.
Carlucci served in a variety of senior-level governmental positions, including Director of the Office of Economic Opportunity in the Richard Nixon administration, Deputy Director of the CIA in the Jimmy Carter administration, and Deputy Secretary of Defense and National Security Advisor in the Reagan administration.
Carlucci died on June 3, 2018, from complications of Parkinson's disease, at his home in McLean, Virginia, at the age of 87.
References
1930 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from Parkinson's disease
Disease-related deaths in Virginia
United States Secretaries of Defense
United States National Security Advisors
Ambassadors of the United States
Politicians from Scranton, Pennsylvania
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Gas, Kansas

Gas is a city in the northwestern part of Allen County, in southeast Kansas, in the Central United States. In 2010, 564 people lived there. The city was named for the natural gas that was found in the area.
History
In the summer of 1898 in Elm Township, E.K. Taylor sold of his farm to some spelter companies when natural gas was found in the area. This was the beginning of "Gas City". The place grew quickly. In 1910 the population was 1,281, and the city had a bank, a daily and a weekly newspaper, an opera house, an international money order postoffice (first opened in August 1899).
Geography
Gas is at (37.923851, -95.346168). It is along U.S. Route 54 in Elm Township. Gas is about three miles (5 km) east of Iola (the county seat) and 2 1/2 miles west of the city of La Harpe. The interchange between U.S. Routes 54 and 169 is about two miles (3 km) west of Gas.
The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.
People
2010 census
In the 2010 census, there were 564 people, 216 households, and 149 families living in Gas.
2000 census
In 2000, there were 556 people, 217 households, and 167 families living in Gas.
References
More reading
Other websites
City
City of Gas
Gas - Directory of Public Officials
Schools
USD 257, local school district
Maps
Gas City Map, KDOT
Cities in Allen County, Kansas
19th-century establishments in Kansas
1898 establishments in the United States
Moyencourt-lès-Poix

Moyencourt-les-Poix is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Port Austin, Michigan

Port Austin is a village in Huron County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 664 at the 2010 census.
References
Villages in Michigan
Conrad, Iowa

Conrad is a city in Iowa in the United States.
References
Cities in Iowa
Wasnes-au-Bac

Wasnes-au-Bac is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2018, 599 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Guitar Shorty

David William Kearney (September 8, 1934 - April 20, 2022), known as Guitar Shorty, was an American blues guitarist and singer-songwriter. He was known for his guitar style. He was inspired by Jimi Hendrix and Buddy Guy. Guitar Shorty recorded and toured from the 1950s until the 2010s.
Guitar Shorty died on April 20, 2022 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 87.
References
1934 births
2022 deaths
American blues musicians
American blues singers
American guitarists
Singer-songwriters from Texas
Singers from Houston
Musicians from Houston
Writers from Houston
Lionel Blair

Lionel Blair (born Henry Lionel Ogus; 12 December 1928 - 4 November 2021) was a Canadian-born British actor, choreographer, tap dancer and television presenter.
He appeared in The Limping Man (1953), The World of Suzie Wong (1960), The Cool Mikado (1963), The Beauty Jungle (1964), A Hard Day's Night (1964), Maroc 7 (1967) and Absolute Beginners (1986).
Blair died on the morning of 4 November 2021 in Banstead, England, at the age of 92.
References
Other websites
Blair chooses Sammy Davis Jr on BBC Radio 4's "Great Lives"
Blair's appearance with dog Lola on ITV1's "This Morning" show
1928 births
2021 deaths
English movie actors
English television actors
English dancers
English television presenters
British choreographers
Actors from Montreal
Actors from London
Annetta North, Texas

Annetta North is a town in the U.S. state of Texas.
Towns in Texas
Lee Weaver

Lee Weaver (born April 10, 1930) is an American movie and television actor. He is known for his role in O Brother, Where Art Thou?. He also appeared in The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air.
Weaver was born on April 10, 1930 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. He has been married to
Ta-Tanisha since 1971. They have one child. Weaver now lives in The Bronx, New York.
Other websites
1930 births
Living people
African American actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
American stage actors
Actors from Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Montchauvet, Calvados

Montchauvet is a former commune. It is in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Souleuvre-en-Bocage.
Related pages
Communes of the Calvados department
References
Former communes in Calvados
Hyacinthe Henri Boncourt

Hyacinthe Henri Boncourt (1765? - March 23, 1840) was one of the leading chess players in France in the years between 1820 and 1840.
Biography
Not much is known about his life. The date of his birth, 1765, is based on a comment by an English chess player, George Walker, that in 1839 Boncourt was about 70 years old.
Boncourt learned how to play chess from students of the great Francois-Andre Danican Philidor, including Carlier, Bernard and Leger who often played at the Cafe de la Regence.
He was a civil servant, and chess was mostly a hobby for him. He got his best results after he was 60 years old when after retiring from work, he could spend all his time playing chess.
In 1818, for a brief period, he was one of the players hidden inside the chess machine, the Turk. At one time he was sick, and he did not play very well. While he was hiding inside the Turk, he could not stop coughing and he could be heard by people watching. After this, the owner of the Turk, Malzel, added some noisy gears. This was simply to cover any noise coming from the person inside.
References and notes
Other websites
Some of the games of Hyacinthe Henri Boncourt can be found at chessgames.com
Dominique Thimognier: Boncourt Hyacinthe Henri (French)
1840 deaths
French chess players
1760s births
List of mythologies

Mythology is the collection of myths for a culture. A myth is a story or series of stories used to explain the world around you and describe what is happening, such as why weather happens. Myths usually have heroes, gods, and creatures that are bigger or more fantastic than real life, or sometimes just normal people doing amazing things. Some myths try to explain the natural world. One example is the Greek myth of Arachne. She believed that she could weave far better than anyone else, including the goddess Athena. So, Athena challenged Arachne to a weaving contest. Arachne lost, then was turned into a spider. This myth explains why spiders weave webs.
A few mythologies
Hindu mythology
Roman mythology
Greek mythology
Manipuri mythology (Meitei mythology)
Norse mythology
Japanese mythology
Anglo-Saxon mythology
Etruscan mythology
Chinese mythology
Maori mythology
Native American mythology
Australian Aboriginal mythology
Celtic mythology
Iranian mythology
Korean mythology
Slavic mythology
Armenian mythology
African mythology
Polynesian mythology
Inuit mythology
Babylonian mythology
Sumerian mythology
Egyptian mythology
Mayan mythology
Aztec mythology
Inca mythology
Related pages
Myth
Senate of Colombia

The Senate of the Republic of Colombia () is the upper house of the Congress of Colombia, with the lower house being the House of Representatives. The Senate has 108 members elected for concurrent (non-rotating) four-year terms.
References
Government of Colombia
Afraid of the Dark

Afraid of the Dark is a 1991 French British drama movie directed by Mark Peploe and starring James Fox, Clare Holman, Fanny Ardant, Paul McGann, Robert Stephens, Susan Wooldridge, David Thewlis, Catriona MacColl, Hilary Mason, Niven Boyd, Gwyneth Strong, Laurence Harrington, Frederick Treves.
Other websites
Reference List
1991 drama movies
1990s British drama movies
French drama movies
Maurice Delbez

Maurice Delbez (28 July 1922 - 23 March 2020) was a French movie director. He was born in Bezons, France. His best known movie is On Foot, on Horse, and on Wheels. He also made many documentaries which were aired on France 3 and France 2. He wrote his autobiography, Ma vie racontee a mon chien cinephile, in 2001.
Delbez died on 23 March 2020 at the age of 97.
References
1932 births
2020 deaths
French movie directors
French screenwriters
Martin Saggers

Martin John Saggers is a cricket umpire and a retired cricketer from England. Martin played for the England cricket team. He was born on May 23, 1972.
References
Other websites
1972 births
Living people
English cricketers
Sportspeople from Norfolk
List of rivers of Suriname

This is a list of rivers in Suriname. This list is arranged by where the river drains. Tributaries are indented under each larger stream's name.
Atlantic Ocean
Marowijne River
Tapanahony River
Paloemeu River
Gonini River
Lawa River
Litani River
Oelemari River
Suriname River
Commewijne River
Cottica River
Brokopondo Reservoir
Gran Rio
Saramacca River
Coppename River
Nickerie River
Corantijn River
Kabalebo River
Lucie River
Sipaliwini River
Kutari River
Coeroeni River
References
Rand McNally, The New International Atlas, 1993.
Suriname
Suriname
Geography of Suriname
Colchagua (historical province)

The historical province of Colchagua was one of the regions of Chile, between 1826 and 1976. Its capital was located in San Fernando during most of its existence. For some years, Curico and Rancagua were capitals of Colchagua.
History
The province of Colchagua was one of the former, primitive eight provinces of Chile (Coquimbo, Aconcagua, Santiago, Colchagua, Maule, Concepcion, Valdivia, and Chiloe) created by the federal laws of 31 January 1826. Its territory comprised former delegations of Colchagua, Curico and Talca. The province was sanctioned by the 1828 Constitution.
During its early years, Colchagua was divided into the departments of San Fernando (cap. San Fernando), Curico (cap. Curico), and Talca (cap. Talca).
In 1833, a new Constitution reorganized the country, creating departments, subdelegations and districts as lower entities of provinces. Later that year, by law dated August, the department of Talca was separated to create the province of Talca, and in 1834, the department of Caupolican was created, with Rengo as its capital.
Although the title of provincial capital was disputed by San Fernando, Curico and Talca, depending on the desired residence of the intendant, a September 1840 decree established San Fernando as the definitive capital.
In 1865, the department of Curico was separated from Colchagua, in order to create the province of Curico.
On 17 September 1925, by Law Decree N.deg 529, the department of San Vicente was created, separated from Caupolican.
In 1928, the government of Carlos Ibanez del Campo decided to reorganize the provinces of Chile, by Decree with Law Force N.deg 8.582 dated 28 January 1929. The new province of Colchagua incorporated the departments of Rancagua (cap. Rancagua) and Cachapoal (cap. Peumo), originally from the province of O'Higgins, and the department of Santa Cruz (cap. Santa Cruz), which belonged to the province of Curico.
Because of public discontent, the former provinces of O'Higgins and Colchagua were re-established by Law 5.376, in January 1934. Colchagua kept the departments of San Fernando and Santa Cruz. In 1973, under the government of Salvador Allende, the department of Cardenal Caro was created (cap. Marchigue).
In July 1974, a new reform took place, directed by the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, who created regions. On 1 January 1976, the new VI Region (Sixth Region) came into existence, with the territory of former provinces of O'Higgins and Colchagua. Former departments of San Fernando, Santa Cruz and Cardenal Caro were supressed. In 1979, the region was renamed VI Region del Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins (Sixth Region of Liberator General Bernardo O'Higgins, in short, Region of O'Higgins). Its territory comprises current provinces of Cachapoal, Colchagua and Cardenal Caro.
References
Regions of Chile
Eight Below

Eight Below is a 2006 Walt Disney Pictures movie. It was directed by Frank Marshall and written by David DiGilio. The movie was released on February 17, 2006 in the United States.
Other websites
Disney movies
American adventure movies
2006 movies
Movies about animals
2006 adventure movies
American drama movies
Joe Pesci

Joseph Frank "Joe" Pesci (born February 9, 1943) is an American character actor. He was born in Newark, New Jersey and is of Italian descent. He was raised in Belleville, New Jersey.
Awards
Best Newcomer to Film British Academy Award, New York Film Critics Circle Best Supporting Actor, National Society of Film Critics Best Supporting Actor, National Board of Review Best Supporting Actor, for Raging Bull, 1980
Best Supporting Actor Academy Award, Los Angeles Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actor, National Board of Review Best Supporting Actor, for Goodfellas, 1990
Funniest Actor in a Motion Picture (Leading Role) American Comedy Award, for My Cousin Vinny, 1992
Filmography
References
Other websites
Academy Award winning actors
American movie actors
American television actors
BAFTA Award winning actors
Actors from Newark, New Jersey
1943 births
Living people
Doctoral advisor

A doctoral advisor (or dissertation director or dissertation advisor) is a university faculty member whose helps guide graduate students who are candidates for a doctorate degree. This includes helping them select coursework, as well as shaping, refining and directing the students' choice of sub-discipline in which they will be examined or on which they will write a dissertation. Students in general choose advisors based on their areas of interest within their discipline, their desire to work closely with particular graduate faculty, and the willingness and availability of those faculty to work with them.
References
Other websites
Supervision of PhD students (with some focus on disagreements)
Cambridge example
Academia
Mariana Conde

Mariana Isabel Conde (born 23 July 1973) is an Argentine volleyball player.
She played at the 2002 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.
She played for Volley 2000 Spezzano and Volley Modena.
References
Other websites
https://women.volleybox.net/mariana-isabel-conde-p20740
1973 births
Argentine volleyball players
Living people
Ion Adrian Zare

Ion Adrian Zare (11 May 1959 - 23 February 2022) was a Romanian footballer. He played as a defender. Zare was born in Oradea, Romania. He played for the national team from 1984 until 1987, making seven appearances.
Zare died on 23 February 2022 in Oradea at the age of 62.
References
1959 births
2022 deaths
Romanian football managers
Romanian footballers
Cour-Saint-Maurice

Cour-Saint-Maurice is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
Hahnville, Louisiana

Hahnville is the parish seat of St. Charles Parish, Louisiana, United States.
Parish seats in Louisiana
Census-designated places in St. Charles Parish, Louisiana
Brosses

Brosses is a commune. It is found in the Yonne department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Yonne
MIDI

MIDI (; Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a technical standard. It describes a communications protocol, digital interface, and electrical connectors. It connect a large variety of electronic musical instruments, digital devices for playing, editing, and recording music.
A MIDI recording is not an audio signal. It is more like a piano roll, identifying the pitch, start and stop time and other properties of each individual note.
The personal computer market stabilized at the same time, popularizing the MIDI format, and helped computers become a viable option for music production.
Sources
Other websites
The MIDI Association
Electronic music
Greenville, Ohio

Greenville is a city in and county seat of Darke County, Ohio, United States. The population was 13,227 at the 2010 census.
References
Cities in Ohio
County seats in Ohio
Haarbach

Haarbach () is a municipality in Passau in Bavaria in Germany.
Villages
References
Passau (district)
List of cities in Colombia

This article lists cities and towns in Colombia:
References
Colombia
Colombia