pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Phantom smell

A phantom smell or olfactory hallucination is smelling an odor that is not actually there. It is also called phantosmia. It can occur in one nostril or both. Phantosmia with unpleasant smells, which is called cacosmia, is more common. It is often described as smelling something that is burned, foul, spoiled, or rotten. Experiencing phantom smells from time to time is normal and usually goes away on its own. When hallucinations of this type do not seem to go away or when they keep coming back, this can be very upsetting and can lower an individual's quality of life.
Common medical conditions such as nasal infections, nasal polyps, or dental problems can cause phantom smells. A phantom smell can also result from neurological conditions such as migraines, head injuries, strokes, Parkinson's disease, seizures, or brain tumors. It can also be a symptom of certain mental disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, intoxication or withdrawal from drugs and alcohol, or psychotic disorders. Certain substances in the environment can also cause phantom smells. These include tobacco smoke, certain types of chemicals (e.g., insecticides or solvents), or radiation treatment for head or neck cancer.
A physician can determine if the problem is with the sense of smell (olfactory system) or taste (gustatory system), or if it is caused by a neurological or psychiatric disorder. Phantosmia usually goes away on its own. Sometimes this occurs step by step. The process can take several years. When a phantom smell is caused by an illness (e.g., sinusitis), it should go away with theillness. If the problem persists or causes significant discomfort, a doctor might recommend nasal saline drops, antidepressant or anticonvulsant medications, anesthesia to parts of the nose, or in very rare circumstances, surgical procedures to remove the olfactory nerves or bulbs.
References
Symptoms
Cornufer wolfi

Wolf's sticky-toed frog (Cornufer wolfi) is a frog. It lives in Papua New Guinea and some of the Solomon Islands. People have seen it as high as 1250 meters above sea level.
References
Frogs of Oceania
Did You Hear About the Morgans?

Did You Hear About the Morgans? is a 2009 American romantic comedy thriller movie directed and written by Marc Lawrence. The movie stars Hugh Grant and Sarah Jessica Parker as Paul and Meryl Morgan, a separated power couple from New York City. Their lives take an unexpected turn when they witness a murder involving one of Meryl's clients. To ensure their safety, they are placed in witness protection, given new identities, and relocated to a small town in Wyoming. The supporting cast includes Sam Elliott, Mary Steenburgen, Elisabeth Moss, and Wilford Brimley. It is the second collaboration between Grant and Parker, following the 1996 movie Extreme Measures.
The movie premiered in December 2009 and received negative reviews from critics. Despite the critical reception, it had a successful box office run, grossing $85 million worldwide.
Other websites
2009 romantic comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
Movies directed by Marc Lawrence
Hamilton, Massachusetts

Hamilton is a rural-suburban town in the eastern central portion of Essex County in eastern Massachusetts, United States. At the 2010 census, it had a population of 7,764.
References
Towns in Massachusetts
Hedge

A hedge or hedgerow is a close-knit row of shrubs and sometimes tree species. They were usually planted and "trained" to form a barrier. They marked the boundary of an area, and so were a sign of possession.
Livestock farmers use them to prevent cattle straying out of fields. Animals which cannot usually be contained in fields (hill sheep for example) need a man and dog to look after them, which is an expense. Hedges were much more common before modern agriculture. Modern crop farming uses machines to gather the crop, and so hedges have almost disappeared in some areas.
When hedges are first laid, they are usually all of one species. But over hundreds of years, the number of species in a hedge gradually increases, and often includes fully-grown trees. There are many hedges in Europe which have been there for 500 or a thousand years.
Making hedges into ornaments is a skill called topiary. Sometimes, hedges are made into mazes.
Hedges are vitally important to small birds and mammals. In the modern world they play the role which thick forest undergrowth would have played in an ancient ecology. The nests in a hedge or thicket often cannot be got at by larger predators. Obviously tiny birds like robins or finches choose safe places to nest, and if they cannot, then their brood is unlikely to survive.
References
Trees
Ecology
Joshua Bolten

Joshua Brewster Bolten (born August 16, 1954) was the White House Chief of Staff serving U.S. President George W. Bush. Bolten replaced Andrew Card on April 14, 2006.
1955 births
Living people
White House Chiefs of Staff
Directors of the Office of Management and Budget
Republican Party (United States) politicians
Cecil County, Maryland

Cecil County is a county in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2010 census, the population was 101,108. The county seat is Elkton.
Cecil is named after Cecil Calvert, the first Proprietary Governor of the Province (colony) of Maryland.
References
Maryland counties
Norfolk, Virginia

Norfolk is a large city in Virginia, United States. It is the 78th largest city in the United States. It is home to the Norfolk Admirals of the AHL.
As of the census of 2000, there were 234,403 people, 86,210 households, and 51,898 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,684.4/km2 (4,362.8/mi2). There were 94,416 housing units at an average density of 678.5/km2 (1,757.3/mi2). The racial makeup of the city was 48.36% White, 44.11% African American, 0.46% Native American, 2.81% Asian, 0.11% Pacific Islander, 1.67% from other races, and 2.48% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.80% of the population.
Other websites
City of Norfolk
Hampton Roads Economic Development Alliance (serving Norfolk)
Norfolk Virginia Real Estate
Norfolk Convention and Visitor's Bureau
Downtown Norfolk Council
Norfolk Highlights 1584 - 1881 by George Holbert Tucker
Chewing

Chewing, or mastication, is the first part of the digestive system. It is when the teeth chew the food and the tongue mixes it with saliva to make it mushy in the mouth. A group of animals, called the ruminants, masticate more than once. Most cattle are in this group.
Digestive system
List of British royal consorts

A royal consort is the spouse of a reigning king or queen. Consorts of monarchs of the United Kingdom and Great Britain have no legal status or power but many have had significant influence. There have been 11 royal consorts since Britain's union of the crowns in 1707, eight women and three men.
The current consort is Queen Camilla. She became queen when her husband, Charles II, became king on 8 September 2022.
List of consorts
References
Other websites
www.royalty.nu
Consorts
Guatemala at the Olympics

Guatemala was first at the Olympic Games in 1952.
The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Guatemala was GUT. It is now GUA.
History
Guatemala has been in every Summer Olympic Games since 1968. The nation has been in the Winter Olympic Games only once, in 1988.
Guatemala won their first Olympic medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics. Erick Barrondo took second place in the men's 20 km walking race.
The National Olympic Committee for Guatemala was formed in 1947 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1947.
Related pages
List of IOC country codes
References
Other websites
Guatemala at Olympic.org
Guatemala profile at London2012.com
Sport in Guatemala
Nations at the Olympics
Bartlett, Illinois

Bartlett is a village in Illinois in the United States. In 2020, 41,105 people lived there.
References
Villages in Illinois
Suburbs of Chicago
Settlements in Cook County, Illinois
Settlements in DuPage County, Illinois
Roberto Elie

Roberto Elie is a retired footballer from Venezuela. Elie competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics. He was born on 11 May 1959.
References
Other websites
1959 births
Living people
Venezuelan footballers
Francisca Aguirre

Francisca Aguirre Benito (27 October 1930 - 13 April 2019) was a Spanish poet and author. Her first poetry collection, Ithaca (1972), won her the Leopoldo Panero Poetry Award. In 2011, she won the National Poetry Prize for her poetry piece Historia de una anatomia. Aguirre also won the National Prize for Spanish Literature in November 2018.
Aguirre was born in Alicante. She was the daughter of noted painter Lorenzo Aguirre. She was married to fellow poet Felix Grande from 1963 until his death in 2014. The couple had one daughter, poet and essayist Guadalupe Grande (born 1965).
Aguirre died in Madrid on 13 April 2019. She was 88.
References
1930 births
2019 deaths
People from Alicante
Spanish poets
Peter Grosser

Peter Grosser (28 September 1938 - 2 March 2021) was a German football player and coach. He spent six seasons in the Bundesliga with TSV 1860 Munich. He also represented Germany twice from 1965 until 1966. He was born in Munich.
Career
Grosser started his career with FC Neuhofen then he went on to MTV Munchen. In 1956 he went to the youth of FC Bayern Munchen. 1958 he played for the first team. 1963 he went to TSV 1860 Munich. With this team he played in the 1965 in the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup versus West Ham United. 1969 he went to Austria and played 164 matches for SV Austria Salzburg. 1975 his career ended.
Manager career
1974 till 1982 he was youth coach of TSV Forstenried. 1977 till 1987 he was manager of SpVgg Unterhaching, he reached Amateurliga Bayern (then 3rd level). 1993 he came back to reach the 2nd Bundesliga but failed. From 1990 till 2011 Peter Grosser was vicepresident of SpVgg Unterhaching.
Grosser died on 2 March 2021 in Munich, aged 82.
References
1938 births
2021 deaths
German footballers
German football managers
Sportspeople from Munich
Henryetta, Oklahoma

Henryetta is a city in Oklahoma in the United States.
Cities in Oklahoma
Villers-Brûlin

Villers-Brulin is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Momir Bulatović

Momir Bulatovic (Cyrillic: Momir Bulatovitsh; 21 September 1956 - 30 June 2019) became the first President of Montenegro in 1990 and was president until 1998. He was also Prime Minister of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1998-2000).
Bulatovic died on 30 June 2019 in Raci, Podgorica, Montenegro from a heart attack at the age of 62.
References
1956 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from myocardial infarction
Politicians from Belgrade
Presidents of Montenegro
Norwich International Airport

Norwich International Airport is an airport in the city of Norwich, United Kingdom.
Norwich has regular flights to Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, ran by KLM, which have been operating for many years. Other services, run both internationally (normally via Schiphol), or within the British isles.
References
Norwich
Norwich
Buildings and structures in Norfolk
Gordon Moyes

Gordon Keith Mackenzie Moyes (17 November 1938 - 5 April 2015) was an Australian Christian evangelist, broadcaster and politician. From 3 September 2002 to 4 March 2011, he was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Council, first for the Christian Democratic Party until March 2009. From November 2009, he was the Family First Party's only parliamentary representative in New South Wales.
Moyes was born in Melbourne, Victoria. He was married and had four children.
Moyes died on 5 April 2015 in Sydney, aged 76.
References
1938 births
2015 deaths
Australian Christian clergy
Evangelists
Independent politicians in Australia
Order of Australia
Politicians from Melbourne
Politicians from Sydney
Siege of Odessa (1941)

The Siege of Odessa was a siege battle during World War II. It was part of the Eastern Front area of operations in 1941. It was done by Romanian forces and the German Army's (Wehrmacht Heer) 11th Army (11. Armee). They attacked the city of Odessa in the Soviet Union.
Due to the strong fighting of the 9th Independent Army (initially) and the Separate Coastal Army, and the Black Sea Fleet forces in Odessa, it took the Romanian army 73 days of siege and four attacks to capture the city. They had 93,000 casualties. The Red Army had 41,000 casualties. Some historians say the Red Army had 60,000 casualties.
Before the battle
On 27 July 1941, Hitler sent a letter to General Antonescu asking for Romanian troops.
On 8 August, the Romanians ordered the 4th Army to capture Odessa.
They thought the city would surrender quickly. However, Odessa was a heavily fortified city. It had trenches, anti-tank ditches, pillboxes and other defences.
Overall, the Red Army had some 34,500 men and 240 artillery pieces in the area. Airplanes included two seaplane squadrons and one bomber squadron.
The Romanian 4th Army planned to attack Odessa. The 5th Corps would go north then turn south.
Battle
On 9 August, the 4th Dorobanti Regiment defeated the Soviet forces in the Bakalovy area. The 30th Dorobanti Regiment captured the village of Ponyatovka.
The 1st Armored Division defeated the Soviet forces at Bolschaya Buzhalyk, breaking through Odessa's first line of defense.
The 10th Dorobanti Regiment beat the Soviet forces at Lozovaya. The 4th Army surrounded Odessa.
On 17 August, Romanian troops capturing Odessa's water reservoirs. The Soviet forces fought hard. There were many losses on both sides.
By 24 August, the Romanians were stopped at the Soviets' main line of defense. The 4th Army already
had 27,307 casualties, including 5,329 killed.
On 28 August, the Romanians attacked again. They had help from a German assault battalion and ten heavy artillery battalions.
A German force came to help the Romanians. The Soviets also received 15,000 men and ammunition.
Then the 157th Rifle Division arrived with 12,600 troops. Also, 18 Soviet companies were brought in from Novorossiysk.
Footnotes
References
Glantz, David M. & House, Jonathan (1995), When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army Stopped Hitler, Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas,
Odessa
20th century in Ukraine
1941 in Europe
Odessa
Military of Ukraine
Odesa
Brigach

The Brigach is a river in Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany.
Geography of Baden-Wurttemberg
Rivers of Germany
City, University of London

City, University of London is a public research university in London, United Kingdom, and a member institution of the federal University of London. It was founded in 1894. City joined the federal University of London on 1 September 2016. It then became part of the eighteen colleges and ten research institutes that then made up that university.
References
1890s establishments in England
1894 establishments in the United Kingdom
University of London
Beinwil am See

Beinwil am See is a municipality of the district Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Aargau
Lincoln Park

Lincoln Park is a 1,208 acre (488.86 ha) park along the lakefront of Chicago, Illinois' North Side, facing Lake Michigan. It is Chicago's largest public park. It is named after Abraham Lincoln.
It stretches for seven miles (11 km) from Ohio Street (600 N) on the south to near Ardmore Avenue (5800 N) on the north, just north of the Lake Shore Drive terminus at Hollywood Avenue.
Several museums and a zoo are located between North Avenue (1600 N) and Diversey Parkway (2800 N) in the neighborhood that takes its name from the park, Lincoln Park. The park further to the north is surrounded by parkland, beaches, recreational areas, nature reserves, and harbors.
To the south, there is a more narrow strip of beaches east of Lake Shore Drive, almost to downtown. With 20 million visitors a year, Lincoln Park is the second most visited park in the United States (after New York City's Central Park).
Parks in Chicago
Ten'yō

was a after Koji and before Kyuan. This period started in February 1144 and ended in July 1145. During this time, the emperor was .
Events of the Ten'yo Era
1144 (Ten'yo 1, 7th month): A comet was sighted in the sky.
1145 (Ten'yo 1, 8th month): The empress Taiken-mon In, mother of former-Emperor Sutoku died.
1145 (Ten'yo 1): The emperor went to Iwashimizu Shrine and to the Kamo Shrines.
Related pages
Heian period
References
Other websites
National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Japanese eras
Copper(II) hydroxide

Copper(II) hydroxide, also known as cupric hydroxide, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Cu(OH)2. It contains copper in its +2 oxidation state. It also contains hydroxide ions.
Properties
Copper(II) hydroxide is light blue. It is rubbery when wet. When it is mixed with copper(II) carbonate, it is greenish. It reacts with carbon dioxide to make copper(II) carbonate when in air. It turns into copper(II) oxide when wet. When it is dry, though, it only turns into copper(II) oxide when it is heated. It reacts with ammonia to make a very dark blue solution.
Preparation
Copper(II) hydroxide can be made by reacting copper sulfate with sodium hydroxide. Potassium hydroxide can be used, but it is more expensive. It can also be made by electrolyzing a solution of sodium bicarbonate with a copper anode.
Uses
Copper(II) hydroxide is used to kill mold in paints. It can be used to color ceramics. It can be used as a catalyst.
Safety
It is not toxic in small amounts, but it can dissolve in stomach acid to make soluble copper, which can poison much more easily.
Related pages
Copper(I) chloride
Copper(I) oxide
Copper compounds
Language revival

Language revival is people trying to make a language spoken often again when it is not spoken or is spoken very little. Language death happens when a language is not used by the people who used to speak it.
Language revival tries to save a language that is dead or endangered. The Hebrew language was once a language that was not spoken, but the language was revived, and people now speak and use it again. Many people are now trying to revive their languages. The revival of languages is useful as it can give insight to older languages.
References
Language
2010 Australian federal election

The 2010 Australian federal election was held on 21 August 2010 to elect the 43rd Parliament of Australia. It was conducted by the Australian Electoral Commission (AEC).
The incumbent Labor government, led by Prime Minister Julia Gillard, won a second consecutive term in government, opposed by the Liberal/National Coalition, led by Opposition Leader Tony Abbott, in a minority government.
The result delivered a hung parliament, with both major parties winning 72 seats. The Greens won one seat, the WA Nationals won one seat and independents won four seats.
It is the most recent Australian federal election to have been won by a Prime Minister from a state other than New South Wales.
References
Elections in Australia
2010 elections
Epigraphy

Epigraphy is the study of writings, inscriptions (epigraphs) on things like rocks, clay, stone, paper, etc. It is used to study writing; often for learning about languages of the past.
CS1 German-language sources (de)
CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)
CS1 Italian-language sources (it)
Writing media
Writing
The Three Stooges

The Three Stooges was a comedy act that made short movies from 1934 to 1970. The Three Stooges used physical comedy to entertain. This form of comedy is called slapstick comedy. The actors were Moe Howard, Larry Fine, Jerome Curly Howard, and Shemp Howard.
The Three Stooges also made a cameo appearance in the 1963 comedy classic It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World.
References
American television actors
Comedy
Oberhofen am Thunersee

Oberhofen am Thunersee is a municipality in the administrative district of Thun in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official Website
Municipalities of Bern
Damage (1992 movie)

Damage is a 1992 British-French erotic drama movie. It was directed by Louis Malle. It is based on the novel Damage by Josephine Hart. It stars Jeremy Irons and Juliette Binoche. Damage was originally rated NC-17, though it was edited to have an R rating. It is about a middle-aged, married politician who has an affair with his son's girlfriend.
Miranda Richardson was nominated for an Academy Award and won a BAFTA in the category of Best Supporting Actress.
References
Other websites
1992 romantic drama movies
Adultery in movies
British romantic drama movies
1990s English-language movies
French drama movies
French romance movies
Movies about dysfunctional families
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Louis Malle
Movies set in London
1992 independent movies
Valašské Meziříčí

Valasske Mezirici () is a town of the Vsetin District in the Zlin Region of the Czech Republic.
References
Other websites
Official website
Towns in the Czech Republic
Zlin Region
Naoki Hatta

is a Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|2005||rowspan="6"|Jubilo Iwata ||rowspan="6"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2006||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2007||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2008||1||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2009||8||0||3||0||2||0||13||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
9||0||3||0||2||0||14||0
9||0||3||0||2||0||14||0
|}
References
Other websites
Jubilo Iwata, Ba Tian Zhi Shu
1986 births
Living people
Footballers from Mie Prefecture
Rojava

Rojava, or Western Kurdistan, or Syrian Kurdistan, is a part of divided Kurdistan in the Middle East. It consists of three areas called 'cantons' in Northern Syria but the Syrian government is not in control there. Instead, since a revolution which happened early on in the Syrian Civil War, it has had its own independent government, although it does not claim to be a new independent country, calling itself a 'federal autonomous region' inside of Syria instead.
Many people in Rojava are Kurds, but there are also many different ethnic groups living there, such as Turkmen,Arabs, Syriacs, Assyrians, and Yezidis. Kurds are the largest ethnic minority group in Syria. Before the civil war, many human rights organizations such as Amnesty International said that the Syrian government treated the Kurds very poorly. Kurds in Syria are not allowed to officially use the Kurdish language, and also not allowed to register children with Kurdish names, start businesses that do not have Arabic names, build Kurdish private schools, or publish any books or other materials written in Kurdish. But this is no longer enforced due to the civil war.
This gave the Kurds many reasons to support a revolution against the government. They also needed to organize an army to defend themselves from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) which almost took control of Rojava because the government could not defend it due to the civil war. ISIL is still at war with Rojava. As of 2017, there is a truce between Rojava and the Syrian government. The United States have given money and weapons to Rojava to help defeat ISIL but some say that they are supporting ISIL.
Rojava is claiming to be a democracy. It has a constitution which says that women's rights and the rights of ethnic and religious minorities have to be respected. In the Middle East this is very unusual. There are two military organisations one for men, the YPG, and an army for women, the YPJ.
Other websites
Syria
Ferenc Bene

Ferenc Bene (17 December 1944 - 27 February 2006) was a Hungarian football player. He has played for theHungary national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1961/62||rowspan="18"|Ujpesti Dozsa||rowspan="18"|Nemzeti Bajnoksag I||22||6
|-
|1962/63||26||23
|-
|1963||13||6
|-
|1964||26||20
|-
|1965||25||20
|-
|1966||26||24
|-
|1967||30||22
|-
|1968||26||22
|-
|1969||29||27
|-
|1970||16||10
|-
|1970/71||28||24
|-
|1971/72||30||29
|-
|1972/73||30||23
|-
|1973/74||29||14
|-
|1974/75||28||20
|-
|1975/76||18||7
|-
|1976/77||12||4
|-
|1977/78||3||2
|-
|1978/79||Volan||||0||0
|-
|1981||rowspan="2"|Sepsi||rowspan="2"|Mestaruussarja||19||4
|-
|1982||20||6
417||303
39||10
456||313
International career statistics
|-
|1962||1||0
|-
|1963||4||2
|-
|1964||3||3
|-
|1965||6||2
|-
|1966||10||8
|-
|1967||6||3
|-
|1968||0||0
|-
|1969||8||6
|-
|1970||7||2
|-
|1971||8||7
|-
|1972||8||1
|-
|1973||6||1
|-
|1974||5||1
|-
|1975||3||0
|-
|1976||0||0
|-
|1977||0||0
|-
|1978||0||0
|-
|1979||1||0
|-
!Total||76||36
References
1944 births
2006 deaths
Hungarian footballers
Hungarian football managers
Hungary at UEFA Euro 1972
West Somerset Railway

The West Somerset Railway (WSR) is a heritage railway. It runs along the edge of the Quantock Hills in Somerset, England, between Bishops Lydeard and Watchet. The line then turns inland to Washford. It then returns to the coast for the run to Minehead. The Exmoor National Park is nearby.
Heritage railways in England
Dorsten

Dorsten (; Westphalian: Dossen) is a town in the district of Recklinghausen in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. About 75,000 people live in Dorsten.
Twin towns - sister cities
Dorsten is twinned with:
Crawley, England, United Kingdom
Dormans, France
Ernee, France
Hainichen in Germany
Hod HaSharon, Israel
Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
Rybnik, Poland
Waslala, Nicaragua
References
Other websites
Official website of Dorsten
Recklinghausen (district)
Silent trade

Silent trade, or barter, is when traders (who do not speak each other's language) trade without talking to each other. This was used in many parts of ancient Africa. Silent bartering was used during 500 A.D to 1500 A.D. and probably had a much longer history.
To do a silent barter, one group of traders would go to a certain place, leaving whatever they are offering to trade. The other group of traders would then decide if they would like to accept the goods (usually salt or gold) that were left. If the goods met with approval, the second group would then take the goods, leave their own goods in return, and leave because the person accepted the offer. This system of trading was used mostly in ancient Ghana. The popular things they sold were gold and salt. Another system was face-to-face trading using hand signals.
Gold mined south of the Sahel was traded, pound for pound, for salt mined in the desert. The salt from the desert was needed by the people of Sahel to flavor and preserve their food and gold has always had value for adornment (wearing). Because of this trade, cities grew and flourished and parts of West Africa became commercial centers. West Africa produced gold until about 1500 AD.
References
Trade
Non-verbal communication
Simple living
Hiroki Fujiharu

is a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Fujiharu was born in Higashiosaka on November 28, 1988. After graduating from Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, he joined J1 League club Gamba Osaka in 2011. Although he became a regular as left side back from 2012, Gamba was relegated to J2 League end of the 2012 season. In 2013, Gamba won the champions and was returned to J1 in a year. In 2014, the club won all three major title in Japan; J1 League, J.League Cup and Emperor's Cup.
On March 27, 2015, Fujiharu debuted for the Japan national team against Tunisia. He played 3 games for Japan in 2015. In 2016, he was selected the Japan U-23 national team as over aged player for 2016 Summer Olympics. He played 2 matches as left side back.
Statistics
|-
|2011||rowspan="11"|Gamba Osaka||rowspan="2"|J1 League||11||1||2||0||0||0||1||0||14||1
|-
|2012||34||1||5||0||2||0||5||0||46||1
|-
|2013||J2 League||42||4||2||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||44||4
|-
|2014||rowspan="8"|J1 League||25||0||5||0||4||0||colspan="2"|-||34||0
|-
|2015||32||0||2||0||4||1||11||0||49||1
|-
|2016||29||2||2||0||5||0||5||0||41||2
|-
|2017||33||2||3||0||4||0||1||0||41||2
|-
|2018||25||0||1||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||31||0
|-
|2019||17||2||0||0||5||0||colspan="2"|-||22||2
|-
|2020||26||0||2||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||29||0
|-
|2021||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|2019||Gamba Osaka U-23||J3 League||2||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||2||0
276||12||24||0||30||1||23||0||353||13
276||12||24||0||30||1||23||0||353||13
|}
|-
|2015||3||0
|-
!Total||3||0
|}
References
Other websites
1988 births
Living people
Footballers from Osaka Prefecture
Japan international footballers
J1 League players
J2 League players
J3 League players
Gamba Osaka players
Gamba Osaka U-23 players
Footballers at the 2016 Summer Olympics
Doullens

Doullens is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Ryan Strain

Ryan Strain (born 2 April 1997) is an English-born Australian soccer player. He plays for St Mirren in the Scottish Premiership and for the Australia men's national soccer team (nicknamed the "Socceroos").
References
1997 births
Living people
Australian men's soccer players
English footballers
People from Coventry
Demandolx

Demandolx is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeastern France.
References
Communes in Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
Aarhus

Aarhus is the second biggest city in Denmark after Copenhagen, and the biggest on Jutland, the Danish mainland. It has about 307,000 inhabitants, and the metropolitan area has more than 1,200,000.
The settlement of Aarhus was started in around the year 770 as a trading place of the Vikings, but the oldest recorded history of Aarhus is from 951. The city grew in the 16th century and again during the Industrial Revolution.
Aarhus' climate is on the boundary between humid continental (Dfb in the Koeppen climate classification) and oceanic (Cfb in the Koeppen climate classification).
Other websites
Website of the city of Aarhus
770 establishments
Establishments in Denmark
Claude Le Jeune

Claude Le Jeune (1528 or 1530-1600) was a composer of the Renaissance. His most famous music was "Revecy venir du printemps". He was a Franco Flemish, possibly French composer. He was born in Valenciennes, and died in Paris.
1528 births
1530 births
1600 deaths
Flemish people
French composers
People from Hauts-de-France
Carapace

A carapace is the top part of an exoskeleton or shell in a number of animal groups.
Animal anatomy
Tropic

A tropic may be meaning:
In geography:
either of two circles of latitude:
Tropic of Cancer, at 23deg 26' 22" N
Tropic of Capricorn, at 23deg 26' 22" S
Tropics, referring to the tropical regions of the world.
Tropic, Florida, a town in the United States
Tropic, Utah, a town in the United States
In transportation:
SS Tropic (1871)
SS Tropic (1904)
Battle of Marignano

The Battle of Marignano was the last major engagement of the War of the League of Cambrai and took place on 13-14 September 1515. It took place near the town now called Melegnano, 16 km southeast of Milan. It involved the French army led by Francis I, newly crowned King of France, against the Old Swiss Confederacy.
References
Battles
1515
Joe Pytka

Joe Pytka (born November 4, 1938) is an American movie and music video director. He was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He holds the record for the most nominations for the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing - Commercials. He directed many music videos of Michael Jackson and directed Space Jam.
References
1938 births
Living people
Movie directors from Pennsylvania
Writers from Pittsburgh
Protonation

Protonation is the addition of a hydrogen ion to a substance. A hydrogen atom normally contains 1 proton and 1 electron. When the hydrogen atom is oxidized, it loses its electron, leaving a H+. The H+ is the same as a proton. Substances are protonated when hydrogen ions are added to them. For example, when ammonia (NH3) is protonated, it forms ammonium ions, NH4+. A substance is protonated by a substance more acidic than it. The acidic substance is deprotonated.
Related pages
Deprotonation
Proton
Hydrogen
Chemical reactions
American Pit Bull Terrier

The American Pit Bull Terrier is a dog breed. It is a medium-sized, solidly-built, short-haired dog. Its early ancestors came from the British Isles. Originally they were bred for fighting. As early as the 13th century in Great Britain, blood sports were popular. These included bull-baiting and bear-baiting where dogs would fight against these larger animals to entertain the crowds. In the 1800s, when baiting became illegal, the dogs fought each other. Pit bulls are not always aggressive despite their bad reputation. Some owners describe them as clowns and goofballs. Depending on how they are raised and treated, they can make very good family pets.
References
Other websites
Five things to know about the Real American Pit Bull Terrier; YouTube
Dog breeds
Terriers
Baloristan

Baloristan (Gilgit-Chitral) is the name of a region of Northern Areas of Pakistan. It borders Pakistan's North-West Frontier to the west, Afghanistan and China to the north, Indian-occupied Jammu and Kashmir to the east, leading to the frozen wastes of the Third Pole.
The central administrative unit of Baloristan, Gilgit Agency.
Regions of Pakistan
Peter Arnold (cricketer)

Arnold Peter Arnold (16 October 1926 - 7 September 2021) was a New Zealand cricketer. He played first-class cricket from 1951 to 1960. He was a right-handed batsman. He was born in Wellington, New Zealand. He played for Northamptonshire from 1951 to 1960, and for Canterbury in New Zealand for one season in 1953-54.
Arnold died on 7 September 2021 at the age of 94.
References
1926 births
2021 deaths
New Zealand cricketers
Sportspeople from Wellington
Tropical Storm Erika

Tropical Storm Erika in August 2015 was a very damaging and deadly tropical cyclone. The storm struck the Leeward Islands on August 27. More than USD$500 million in damage was caused by the storm.
More than 30 people died when the storm passed through the Caribbean.
Resulting from Erika's impact over the northeast Caribbean, the name Erika was retired in April 2016. The name was replaced with Elsa for 2021. Erika became the second storm name that was retired. Allison was the first one.
References
2015 in weather
Atlantic tropical storms
Hurricanes in the United States
August 2015 events
2015 in North America
2010s in Florida
2010s in the Bahamas
Retired tropical cyclone names
Reilly Smith

Reilly Liam Sheeran Smith (born April 1, 1991) is a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger and alternate captain for the Vegas Golden Knights of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has spent his carrer with the Golden Knights, Panthers, and Bruins.
Career statistics
Other websites
1991 births
Boston Bruins players
Canadian ice hockey right wingers
Dallas Stars players
Florida Panthers players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Living people
Vegas Golden Knights players
Shimōsa Province

was an old province of Japan in the area of Chiba Prefecture and Ibaraki Prefecture on the island of Honshu. It was also known as or .
The province had borders with Kazusa Province to the south, Musashi and Kozuke Provinces to the west, and Hitachi and Shimotsuke Provinces to the north.
History
Shimosa was part of a larger territory known as . Fusa which was divided into Kazusa and Shimosa during the reign of Emperor Kotoku (645-654).
In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Shimosa Province were reformed in the 1870s.
Shrines and Temples
Katori jinja was the chief Shinto shrine (ichinomiya) of Shimosa.
Related pages
Provinces of Japan
Prefectures of Japan
List of regions of Japan
List of islands of Japan
References
Other websites
Murdoch's map of provinces, 1903
Former provinces of Japan
Chiba Prefecture
A White, White Day

A White, White Day () is a 2019 Icelandic Danish Swedish drama movie directed by Hlynur Palmason and starring Ingvar Eggert Sigurdsson, Ida Mekkin Hlynsdottir, Hilmir Snaer Gudnason.
Other websites
2019 drama movies
Icelandic movies
Danish drama movies
Swedish drama movies
Joel Kinnaman

Charles Joel Nordstrom Kinnaman (born 25 November 1979) is a Swedish American actor, known for his television roles as Detective Stephen Holder in AMC's The Killing, Takeshi Kovacs in the first season of Altered Carbon, and Governor Will Conway in the U.S. version of House of Cards. He has also played Alex Murphy in the 2014 RoboCop remake, and Rick Flag in the film adaptation of Suicide Squad (2016). Kinnaman is also known in Sweden for playing the lead role in the Swedish movie Easy Money.
References
Other websites
1979 births
Living people
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Swedish movie actors
Swedish television actors
Swedish voice actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Stockholm
Tambourine

The tambourine is a common percussion instrument.
The tambourine looks like a small hand-held drum. But in addition to the skin (drumhead) there are also small pairs of jingles - like tiny cymbals - in slots around the frame. However, tambourines come in many types. Some are made without a skin, particularly for use in schools. The tambourine came to Europe through the Arabs who brought it to Italy and Spain.
How to play a tambourine
The tambourine is usually held in the hand. The jingles can be made to sound by hitting the frame of the instrument with the other hand, or by shaking the instrument. Often the player will hold the instrument high in the air. This not only looks good, but it can also be heard well. The other hand can tap rhythms on the skin which makes it sound like a drum as well as making the jingles sound. It can be hit by the knuckles, or with the finger tips, or the flat of the hand or the back of the hand. It can also be hit against the side of the leg. A good player with a good tambourine can sometimes create a nice effect with a "thumb roll". This is done by making the tip of the thumb slightly wet and then moving it fast along the edge of the skin so that the thumb bounces very fast.
It is also possible to put the instrument, with the head up, on the player's lap or on a table or chair, and play with the fingers or with drumsticks.
When a tambourine is used in an orchestra it is usually just one tambourine, although Berlioz asked for two tambourines in his overture Le carnaval romain. It is very often used in music which sounds Italian or Spanish. It nearly always makes music sound very lively, for example in the second movement of Prokofiev's First Violin Concerto.
References
The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Musical Instruments - Konemann,
Orchestration - Walter Piston (London 1965)
Percussion instruments
Daewoo Leganza

The Daewoo Leganza was a 4-door automobile produced by GM Daewoo. It offered a lot of space and equipment for not a lot of money. Only 1 generation was made over a 5 year run. It replaced the Daewoo Espero in 1997 and in 2000 the similarly sized Daewoo Magnus launched with the Leganza continuing until 2002.
Engine
2.0 98 kW (133 hp)
1990s automobiles
2000s automobiles
Kazuo Matsui

Kazuo Matsui (born 23 October 1975 in Osaka) is a Japanese baseball player. His nickname is Kaz. He was a second baseman and shortstop. He played for the Houston Astros. He also played for the Colorado Rockies and the New York Mets. In 2011, he began playing for the Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles.He played for the Seibu Lions from 1995 to 2003 and played for them again in 2018.
References
1975 births
Living people
Japanese baseball players
Houston Astros players
Colorado Rockies players
New York Mets players
People from Osaka Prefecture
EzyDVD

EzyDVD is the largest online and off-line specialist DVD retailer in Australia.
Other websites
Official Website: EzyDVD
Official Website: EzyGames
"ezyDVD vs Online Trend" in-business.com, Issue No. 12 - September/October 2003
Retail companies of Australia
Mitsuo Itoh

was a Japanese motorcycle road racer. He started his Grand Prix career in 1961, and was active until 1967. He competed for Suzuki. He was a starter in 29 races, winning two and having a podium finish 13 times. He won the 1963 Isle of Man 50cc ultra-lightweight TT and the 1967 50cc Japanese Grand Prix (his final race).
Itoh died on 3 July 2019, at the age of 82.
References
Other websites
Mitsuo Itoh career statistics at MotoGp.com
1937 births
2019 deaths
Japanese sportspeople
Motorcycle racers
Nagato Province

, often called , was an old province of Japan in the area of Yamaguchi Prefecture on the island of Honshu.
The province had borders with Iwami and Suo Provinces.
The ancient capital city of the province was Shimonoseki.
History
In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Nagato Province were reformed in the 1870s.
The Japanese battleship Nagato was named after this province.
Shrines and Temples
Sumiyoshi jinja was the chief Shinto shrine (ichinomiya) of Nagato.
Related pages
Provinces of Japan
Prefectures of Japan
List of regions of Japan
List of islands of Japan
References
Other websites
Murdoch's map of provinces, 1903
Former provinces of Japan
Yamaguchi Prefecture
Laborie Quarter

Laborie is a Quarter in Saint Lucia. The capital is Laborie.
Quarters of Saint Lucia
Kootenay Ice

The Kootenay Ice were a Canadian professional ice hockey team that played from 1998 until 2019. They played in the Western Hockey League (WHL). They played their home games in Cranbrook, British Columbia at the Western Financial Place. The team was originally known as the Edmonton Ice from 1996 to 1998 before it moved to Cranbrook in 1998. The team won 1 Memorial Cup in 2002 and 3 Ed Chynoweth Cups in the 1999-00, 2001-02 and 2010-11 seasons.
On January 29, 2019, the Ice said they would be moving to Winnipeg. They moved at the end of the 2018-19 season.
References
Other websites
Official website
1998 establishments in Canada
2010s disestablishments in Canada
Canadian Hockey League teams
Defunct sports teams
Western Hockey League
Ice hockey teams in British Columbia
Yaremis Pérez

Yaremis Perez is an archer from Cuba. She was born on 14 September 1979. Perez competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
References
Other websites
1981 births
Living people
Cuban archers
Cuban Olympians
Sodium chromate

Sodium chromate is a chemical compound composed of sodium ions and chromate ions. It is a bright yellow crystal chemical. It is similar to potassium chromate. It is a strong oxidizing agent. It is toxic because it contains chromium in the +6 oxidation state. It can be destroyed by reaction with a reducing agent, converting it to harmless chromium in the +3 oxidation state. Its chemical formula is Na2CrO4.
Related pages
Dichromate
Chromate
Potassium chromate
Chromium(III) oxide
Sodium compounds
Chromium compounds
Tamahere

Tamahere is a town in the Waikato District, New Zealand and is located on the outskirts of Hamilton. It has three primary schools located in the town. On 5 April 2008, the Tamahere coolstore destroyed in a major blaze and killed a firefighter in the incident. State Highway 1 and State Highway 21 are located within the town.
References
Towns in New Zealand
Waikato District
Avinoffia

Avinoffia is a genus of moths. It is in the family of Sphingidae. It only has one species, which is the Avinoffia hollandi. It is from Cameroon, Gabon, Congo and Liberia.
References
Smerinthini
Scarus ghobban

Scarus ghobban is a member of the Scaridae family. Scarus ghobban is also known as the blue-barred parrotfish. Ancient writers described them as 'parrot fish'.
Description
This species is blue-green to green in color. It often grows to about .
It may have a central stripe on the dorsal and anal fins that is pink in color. The underside of the body may be pinkish or yellowish. There may be blue markings around the area of the pectoral fin.
Distribution
Scarus ghobban is found in waters around Africa, the Mediterranean and Red Seas. They are also found in the Galapagos Islands and the Eastern Pacific Ocean.
Habitat
Scarus Ghobban occurs in places with sandy bottoms. It also lives near reefs. Males usually live at depths of about , females live in deeper waters.
References
Labriformes
Hong Kong national football team

Hong Kong national football team is the national football team of Hong Kong.
References
Asian national football teams
Football in Hong Kong
Sports organisations based in Hong Kong
Kenneth Okada

Kenneth Okada is a judoka from USA. Okada competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was born on 22 February 1950.
References
Other websites
1950 births
Living people
Judoka
American Olympians
Sportspeople from Los Angeles
American martial artists
Bellflower, Illinois

Bellflower is a village of Illinois in the United States.
Villages in Illinois
Urspringen

Urspringen is a community in the Main-Spessart district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany and a member of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (Administrative Community) of Marktheidenfeld.
Geography
Location
Urspringen is in the Wurzburg Region.
The community has only the Gemarkung (traditional rural cadastral area) of Urspringen.
References
Other websites
Community's official webpage
Main-Spessart
Peter Weibel (cyclist)

Peter Weibel (14 September 1950 - 9 August 2017) was a German cyclist. He was born in Hockenheim, Germany. He competed for West Germany at the 1972 Summer Olympics and the 1976 Summer Olympics.
Weibel died of cancer on 9 August 2017 at the age of 66.
References
1950 births
2017 deaths
German cyclists
Sportspeople from Baden-Wurttemberg
Cancer deaths in Germany
Sopho Gelovani

Sopho Gelovani () (21 March 1984) is a Georgian singer. She and Nodiko Tatishvili took part in the Eurovision for Georgia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 in Malmo, Sweden.
References
1984 births
Living people
Singers from Georgia (country)
Hamlet (New York)

In New York, a hamlet is a city that is not incorporated as a village, i.e. an unincorporated community. Hamlets usually have names based off of a local school district, post office, or fire district. Because a hamlet has no government of its own, the town it is in provides municipal services and government.
Suffolk County makes maps that give hamlet boundaries, but towns with Suffolk County also publish maps that conflict both in the number of hamlets and their boundaries. Nevertheless, all land not within a village is administered by the town.
Most of the rest of New York's hamlets have less defined boundaries, and most towns have areas that are not considered to be a part of any hamlet. The New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) puts hamlet names on rectangular green signs with white lettering at roadside locations of its choosing. The NYSDOT and local governments also provide community identification signs on some scenic byways to be placed at the roadside boundaries of hamlets, as decided by the sign provider. Many hamlets have welcome signs at the gateways to the hamlets.
Some hamlets are former villages that have ended their incorporation (Old Forge in Herkimer County; Rosendale, in Ulster County; and Andes in Delaware County, for example).
References
Local government in the United States