pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Acrocephalus (plant)

Acrocephalus is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, containing about 130 species.
Lamiaceae
Gädheim

Gadheim is a municipality in Hassberge in Bavaria in Germany. It is in the Main river valley.
References
Hassberge (district)
Moderate

Moderates are people who support some conservative positions and some liberal ones.
Political ideologies
The Metamorphosis

"The Metamorphosis" is a short story by Franz Kafka. It is about a young man named Gregor who wakes up from a nightmare and becomes an insect. Gregor becomes more and more like a bug and less and less like a human, and then he dies.
The story was first published as "Die Verwandlung" in 1915. The original German version is only 70 pages long. It is the longest work of fiction that Kafka thought was complete that was published during his lifetime. Several movies were made from the story. It was also turned into an opera.
Other websites
Online editions
Die Verwandlung at DigBib.org (text, pdf, HTML)
The Metamorphosis , translated 2009 by Ian Johnston of Malaspina University-College, Nanaimo, BC
The Metamorphosis at The Kafka project, translated by Ian Johnston released to public domain
The Metamorphosis - Annotated text aligned to Common Core Standards
, translated by David Wyllie
Lecture on The Metamorphosis by Vladimir Nabokov
Commentary
Lesson on the difficulties of translating the story into English
Related
Metamorphosis: The Game by Mito Studio, based on the story by Franz Kafka.
German literature
Short stories
1910s works
IPad Mini (6th generation)

The sixth generation iPad Mini (sold as iPad mini) is a tablet computer that is made and sold by Apple Inc. It has a screen size of 8.3 inches, compared to the 10.2 inch screen on a regular iPad. It was released on September 24, 2021
It is the successor to the iPad Mini (5th generation).
IPad
Apple products released in 2020s
Sumter County, South Carolina

Sumter County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2010 census, the population was 107,456. Its county seat is Sumter. The county was created in 1800. Sumter County is included in Sumter, South Carolina Metropolitan Statistical Area.
It is the home of Shaw AFB, headquarters to the 9th Air Force, AFCENT, United States Army Central. It is one of largest bases in the USAF's Air Combat Command.
References
South Carolina counties
1800 establishments in South Carolina
Carlo Giustini

Carlo Giustini (born 4 May 1923) is an Italian former actor. He was sometimes called as Carlo Justini. Giustini is known for his roles in Wild, Wild Planet and War of the Planets.
References
Other websites
1923 births
Living people
Actors from Lazio
Italian movie actors
Martha Byrne

Mary Martha Byrne (December 23, 1969) is an American television actress. She appears mostly in soap operas. She played Lily in As the World Turns. She played Andrea in General Hospital. She was born in Ridgewood, New Jersey.
References
People from Ridgewood, New Jersey
American television actors
Actors from New Jersey
1969 births
Living people
Addition reaction

In organic chemistry an addition reaction happens when two molecules come together to make a bigger one. This can only happen when one of the molecules already has a double or triple bond. These can be carbon-carbon bonds or even carbon-oxygen, carbon-nitrogen and others. One of the two molecules is called the nucleophile, and this is the one that gives the electrons to the other to make the new bond. The other molecule is called the electrophile, and this is the one that gets the electrons.
An addition reaction is the opposite of an elimination reaction. Common examples of addition reactions are the addition of water across a double bond and the nucleophilic attack on a carbonyl.
References
Chemical reactions
Mirko Pavinato

Mirko Pavinato (20 June 1934 - 7 March 2021) was an Italian football player and manager. He played as a defender. Pavinato served as manager of San Marino between 1971 and 1972.
Pavinato died on 7 March 2021 at the age of 86 from kidney failure caused by COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy in Bologna.
References
1934 births
2021 deaths
Italian football managers
Italian footballers
Sportspeople from Veneto
People from Vicenza
Deaths from renal failure
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy
Ione, California

Ione ( ) is a city in Amador County, California. At the 2020 census, 5,141 people lived in Ione.
References
Cities in California
Settlements in Amador County, California
Waasmunster

Waasmunster is a municipality in the Belgian province of East Flanders.
In 2007 its population was 10329.
It is at 51deg 06 North, 04deg 05 East.
References
Municipalities of East Flanders
Nuclear chemistry

Nuclear chemistry is the part of chemistry dealing with radioactivity and other parts of atoms.
Branches of chemistry
Nuclear physics
Valeriu Zgonea

Valeriu Stefan Zgonea (b. 3 September 1967, Craiova) is a Romanian politician. He was the President of the Chamber of Deputies of Romania from 2012 through 2016.
Politics
He is member of PDSR in 30 April 1996.
From 2001 he is vice prime minister of P.S.D. .
1967 births
Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies (Romania)
Living people
Kodansha

is a Japanese privately-held publishing company. It is headquartered in Bunkyo, Tokyo.
References
Companies of Japan
Cloudstone

Cloudstone is a role-playing video game that was released by Playsaurus in 2011. It was the first game to be released by Playsaurus, with Clicker Heroes being the next game. In fact, many of the monsters in Cloudstone were later used in Clicker Heroes.
Cloudstone was taken off Kongregate on November 20, 2017.
Gameplay
In Cloudstone, the player plays the game as an unnamed character. Cloudstone is played by clicking on a spot in the level to move there. There are many levels in Cloudstone. Some levels contain chests full of potions and weapons, while some contain monsters to fight. Monsters can be attacked by clicking on them when the player is close to them. Monsters give a currency called gold, which can be used to buy weapons and armor. Unlike in Clicker Heroes, monsters can fight back and damage the player. The game is lost if the player dies.
Reception
Cloudstone did not receive much attention from critics. However, on Kongregate, users commented on Cloudstone and gave it mixed reviews.
Related pages
Clicker Heroes
References
Role-playing video games
Fosses

Fosses is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France.
References
Communes in Val-d'Oise
Packet

Packet may refer to:
Packet (information technology), a formatted block of data carried by a packet mode computer network
Packet radio, a form of amateur radio data communications using the AX25 protocol
Packet (sea transport), a packet service is a regular scheduled service, carrying valuable freight and first class passengers
C-82 Packet, a U.S. military transport aircraft
Packet Newspapers - newspapers with the title including the word "Packet", after a place-name.
A small parcel e.g. Cigarette packet, Sugar packet
Related pages
Package
A Tribe Called Quest

A Tribe Called Quest was an alternative hip hop group that started in 1985. They are perhaps most famous for their song "Can I Kick It?". The members are MC/producer Q-Tip, MC Phife Dawg aka Phife Diggy (Malik Taylor), and DJ/producer Ali Shaheed Muhammad. Jarobi White was a member until 1991. They have released six albums.
History
In 1985, A Tribe Called Quest started. They were signed to Jive Records in 1989. In 1990, their first album People's Instinctive Travels and the Paths of Rhythm was released. In 1991, the group's second album The Low End Theory was released, and is one of the best hip-hop albums of all-time. Midnight Marauders was released in 1993. It reached number eight in the American album chart. In 1996, Beats, Rhymes and Life was released. It reached number one in the American album chart. Rolling Stone magazine gave it a score of 4 out of 5 stars. In 1998, The Love Movement was released and the group broke up after. It reached number three in the American album chart. The album was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Rap Album in 1999. In 2016, they returned to make their sixth and last album We Got It from Here... Thank You 4 Your Service.
Discography
People's Instinctive Travels and the Paths of Rhythm (1990)
The Low End Theory (1991)
Midnight Marauders (1993)
Beats, Rhymes and Life (1996)
The Love Movement (1998)
We Got It from Here... Thank You 4 Your Service (2016)
Related pages
Lou Reed
References
1980s music groups
Hip hop bands
Daan metro station

Daan is a metro station on the Wenhu Line and Tamsui-Xinyi Line in Taipei, Taiwan. The station code of the Wenhu line station is BR09 and the station code of the Tamsui-Xinyi line station is R05.
Station layout information
Wenhu line
The station platforms are above ground level. Platform 1 is for Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center and Platform 2 is for Taipei Zoo.
Tamsui-Xinyi line
The station platforms are located underground. Platform 1 is for Tamsui or Beitou. Platform 2 is for Xiangshan, which is also used as a termination platform for trains from Beitou during non-rush hours.
Around the station
Bureau of National Health Insurance
American Institute in Taiwan
Affiliated Senior High School of National Taiwan Normal University
Taipei Municipal Da-An Vocational High School
Daan Junior High School
Taipei Hakka Culture Hall
Taipei Farmers Association
Cross-Strait Tourism Exchange Association
Daan Forest Park
Railway stations in Taipei
Peter Tork

Peter Halsten Thorkelson (February 13, 1942 - February 21, 2019), better known as Peter Tork, was an American actor and musician. He was born in Washington, D.C. He started as a folk musician in Greenwich Village. In 1966, he became famous as a member of The Monkees. He was recommended for the group by his friend Stephen Stills. Shortly after The Monkees television series ended 1968, he left the band. He played with the other members of the group at times, but often played with his own bands and tours.
Tork died on February 21, 2019 in Mansfield, Connecticut, aged 77. He suffered from a rare form of throat cancer in the years before his death.
References
1942 births
2019 deaths
Deaths from throat cancer
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Washington, D.C.
American guitarists
American pop musicians
Bronchitis

Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchi caused by irritation. It may also refer to acute bronchitis or chronic bronchitis. It can be caused by infection or other causes such as smoking, or being exposed to cigarettes.
Symptoms
Cough
Production of mucus (sputum), which can be clear, white, yellowish-gray or green in color -- rarely, it may be streaked with blood
Other websites
NIH entry on Bronchitis
MedlinePlus entries on Acute bronchitis and Chronic bronchitis
Mayo Clinic factsheet on bronchitis
Breathing problems
Kherson Raion

Kherson Raion (; ) is a raion (district) of Kherson Oblast, Ukraine.
As of 2023's third quarter, Russian soldiers are occupying large parts of the district.
References
Raions of Ukraine
Kherson Oblast
Rocca Imperiale

Rocca Imperiale is a comune in the Province of Cosenza in the Calabria region in Italy.
Twin towns
Valenza, Italy
References
Settlements in Calabria
Bernalillo County, New Mexico

Bernalillo County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 census, the population was 676,444. The county seat, Albuquerque, is the most populous city in New Mexico.
References
New Mexico counties
Hikaru Nakamura

(born December 9, 1987) is a professional chess player and net streamer and is the leading U.S. chess grandmaster (GM). He was born on 9 December 1987 in Japan (Hirakata, Osaka Prefecture). His parents moved to the United States of America when he was two. He has won the U.S. chess championship five times, and represented the United States of America at five Chess Olympiads.
In 2011, Nakamura won the Tata Steel Grandmaster A tournament in Wijk aan Zee. His opponents included world #1 and defending champion Magnus Carlsen, former world champion Viswanathan Anand, world #2 Levon Aronian, and former world champion Vladimir Kramnik.
References
Child prodigies
People from Osaka Prefecture
American chess players
1987 births
Living people
Chess grandmasters
North Enid, Oklahoma

North Enid is a town of Oklahoma in the United States.
Towns in Oklahoma
Vitamin

A "vitamin" is also a pill that contains vitamins, eaten regularly to keep one healthy.
A vitamin is a chemical compound that is needed in small amounts for the human body to work correctly. They include Vitamin A, many B vitamins (like B1, B2, B3, B6, and B12), Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, and Vitamin K. For example, citrus fruits such as oranges and lemons contain vitamin C.
The term was coined in 1912 by biochemist Casimir Funk, who isolated a complex of micronutrients and proposed the complex be named vitamine. By convention the word vitamin does not include other essential nutrients, such as certain minerals, essential fatty acids and essential amino acids.
Thirteen vitamins are recognized at present. Vitamins are classified by their biological and chemical activity, and not their structure. Each vitamin name (the word vitamin followed by a letter) refers to a number of vitamer compounds which all show the same biological activity. For example, vitamin A refers to several different chemicals. Vitamers convert to the active form of the vitamin in the body. They are sometimes inter-convertible to one another as well.
The body does not make these chemicals. They come from other places, usually food. A short term lack of a certain vitamin is usually not a problem, because the body can store vitamins for a short time. Not having a certain vitamin for a longer period of time can lead to different diseases, depending on the vitamin. Probably the best-known of these diseases is scurvy, which results from not having enough Vitamin C. Beriberi and rickets are others.
Today, many drug companies make inexpensive pills that contain various vitamins. They help people avoid those diseases.
Vitamins can be either fat-soluble or water-soluble. Fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E and K) can be stored in the body, and are used when needed. Water-soluble ones only stay in the body a short time.
Name changes
Currently there are no vitamins F to J. These existed at some time. Today they are no longer seen as vitamins. Some of them were also false leads, and turned out to be something else. Others were renamed as B vitamins. Today, the B vitamins are a whole complex, and not just one vitamin.
The German-speaking scientists who isolated and described vitamin K (in addition to naming it as such) did so because the vitamin is intimately involved in the 'Koagulation' (clotting) of blood following wounding. At the time, most (but not all) of the letters from F through I were already designated, so the use of the letter K was considered quite reasonable.
The following table lists chemicals that had previously been classified as vitamins, as well as the earlier names of vitamins that later became part of the B-complex.
List of vitamins
Related pages
Dietary mineral
Essential fatty acid
Essential amino acid
References
Civil religion

According to Jean-Jacques Rousseau, civil religion is the foundation that keeps modern society together. It provides the state with sacred authority. In his book The Social Contract Rousseau states the dogmas of civil religion:
Deity
life to come
the reward of virtue and the punishment of vice
the exclusion of religious intolerance.
References
Political science
Norihiro Kawakami

Norihiro Kawakami (born 4 April 1987) is a Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|2006||rowspan="3"|JEF United Ichihara Chiba||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2007||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2008||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2009||Tochigi||J. League 2||6||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||6||1
6||1||0||0||0||0||6||1
6||1||0||0||0||0||6||1
|}
References
1987 births
Living people
Footballers from Shimane Prefecture
Passaic, New Jersey

Passaic is a city in Passaic County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city had a total population of 69,781.
References
Cities in New Jersey
Rosen Plevneliev

Rosen Asenov Plevndeliev (born 14 May 1964) is the former President of Bulgaria. He began his term as President in 2012 and ended in 2017. His predecessor was Georgi Parvanov. Before he was president, Plevneliev was a minister worker for development and public works.
References
1964 births
Living people
Presidents of Bulgaria
Happy Tree Friends (TV series)

Happy Tree Friends is an adult animated sitcom that was broadcast from September 25 to December 25, 2006 on G4 in the United States, among with Nirvana. and other Seattle grunge artists like Soundgarden, Alice in Chains, Pearl Jam, Stone Temple Pilots, Foo Fighters etc.
Episodes
Notes
References
2000s American animated television series
2006 American television series debuts
2006 American television series endings
Canadian animated television series
2006 Canadian television series debuts
2006 Canadian television series endings
English-language television programs
2000s American comedy television series
Stetson, Maine

Stetson is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Tropical cyclogenesis

Tropical cyclogenesis is a meteorological word used to describe tropical cyclone formation, and its strengthening over the atmosphere. Tropical cyclogenesis happens when the development of a warm-core cyclone, is associated with a lot of convection in a favorable atmospheric environment. Usually, about 86 tropical cyclones of tropical storm strength form worldwide every year, with 47 reaching hurricane/typhoon strength, and 20 becoming strong tropical cyclones (at least Category 3 intensity on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale).
Related pages
Tropical cyclone
Tropical wave
References
Other websites
Current AO conditions
Current ENSO conditions
Current MJO conditions
Current NAO conditions
Current PNA conditions
Maximum Potential Intensity
Maximum Potential Intensity Maps Worldwide
Tropical Cyclone Heat Potential
Tropical cyclones
Happy Together

"Happy Together" is a 1967 song by the 1960s American rock group The Turtles. It was originally released on the album of the same name.
The members of the band who played on it were:
Howard Kaylan - Vocals
Mark Volman - Vocals
Al Nichol - Guitar
Jim Tucker - Guitar
Chip Douglas - Bass, Producer
John Barbata - Drums
References
1967 songs
The Turtles songs
Psychedelic pop songs
Eurovision Song Contest 2021

The Eurovision Song Contest 2021 was the 65th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest that took place in the Netherlands's second largest city Rotterdam, after Duncan Laurence won for his country in Tel Aviv, Israel. The Eurovision Song Contest 2020 was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic and was replaced with a live TV show called Eurovision: Europe Shine a Light. It was later announced that Rotterdam will host the 2021 edition. The contest took place from 18 to 22 May 2021 with two semi-finals and one final. The Netherlands hosted the contest for the fifth time.
The EBU confirmed that 39 countries will participate in 2021. Like the previous year, Hungary and Montenegro did not take part. Armenia also did not take part, while Belarus was disqualified after their intended entry violated the contest's rules. Due to the ongoing pandemic, the EBU presented several scenarios (A, B, C and D) in which the competition could take place.
Venue
The contest happened in Rotterdam Ahoy in Rotterdam and was organized by the Dutch broadcasters NPO, NOS and AVROTROS.
Hosts
There were four presenters hosting the contest in Rotterdam: Chantal Janzen, Jan Smit, Edsilia Rombley and Nikkie de Jager.
Slogan
The slogan of the Eurovision Song Contest 2021 was Open Up. It was already planned for the 2020 contest and later confirmed that it would be used again.
Rule changes
For the 2021 edition, it was announced by the EBU that pre-recorded backing vocals will be allowed for the live shows. In previous years these had to be performed live.
Entries
Because the contest was cancelled last year, many countries decided to send their representative from last year again. However, the EBU announced that completely new songs have to be submitted for 2021.
Participating countries
Semi-final 1
The first semi-final took place on 18 May 2021 at 21:00 (CEST). Sixteen countries participated in the first semi-final. Those countries plus , and the voted in this semi-final. was originally allocated to participate in the first half of the semi-final, but was disqualified from the contest after submitting an entry in violation of the rules.
The highlighted countries qualified for the final.
Semi-final 2
The second semi-final took place on 20 May 2021 at 21:00 (CEST). Seventeen countries participated in the second semi-final. Those countries plus , and the voted in this semi-final. was originally allocated to participate in the second half of the semi-final, but withdrew from the contest due to social and political crises in the aftermath of the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war.
The highlighted countries qualified for the final.
Final
The final took place on 22 May 2021 at 21:00 (CEST). Twenty-six countries participated in the final, with all thirty-nine participating countries eligible to vote.
No return to the contest
These countries confirmed that they will not take part in 2021:
References
Other websites
2021 in music
2021 in Europe
2021 in the Netherlands
2021
May 2021 events
Rotterdam
Angicos

Angicos is a city in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. It in the Northeast region of Brazil.
References
Municipalities in Rio Grande do Norte
Bjuråkers GIF

Bjurakers GIF is a sports club in Bjuraker, Sweden. It was established on 26 November 1952.
The women's soccer team played in the Swedish top division in 1978.
References
Othwe websites
Soccer
Skiing
Swedish football clubs
Ice hockey teams in Sweden
1952 establishments in Europe
Ski clubs in Sweden
1950s establishments in Sweden
Houston Dynamo

The Houston Dynamo are an American soccer team that plays in Major League Soccer in Houston, Texas. In late 2005, the San Jose Earthquakes moved to the city because of financial problems in San Jose, California.
The Dynamo opened a new stadium, which opened as BBVA Compass Stadium and is now known as Shell Energy Stadium, in downtown Houston in May 2012, after playing their first seven games of the season on the road.
League title
Major League Soccer : 2
2006, 2007
League position
References
American soccer teams
Sports in Houston
Major League Soccer teams
2005 establishments in the United States
2000s establishments in Texas
Qambar District

The official name of Qambar District is Qamber-Shahdad Kot District (). This name was chosen by much conflict between the people of Qambar Ali Khan City and Shahdad Kot City in the days of Chief Minister of Sindh Arbab Ghulam Rahim in 2004. This district of Sindh province, Pakistan was originally part of Larkana District, which was later divided into two districts. At first its name was Shahdad Kot District but after much protests by Qambar City it was renamed to Qambar Shahdad Kot District.
Districts of Sindh
50000 Quaoar

50000 Quaoar (symbol: ) is a Trans-Neptunian object and is also a dwarf planet. It was discovered on June 4, 2002 by Chad Trujillo and Michael Brown at the California Institute of Technology.
Quaoar has one known moon, named Weywot. It also has a ring. Unexpectedly, the ring is at twice the distance of the Roche limit, which was thought to be the maximum distance of a ring: beyond the Roche limit, the particles in a ring should clump together and form a moon; yet this has not happened to Quaoar's ring. It is thought that the particles do not clump together because of tides created by Weywot. There may also be small shepherd moons on either side of the ring, as there are at Saturn's F Ring.
References
Other websites
Quaoar discoverers' webpage
Orbital simulation from JPL (Java) /Ephemeris
Kuiper belt objects
Dwarf planets
Mayar Badhon (TV series)

Mayar Badhon is a Bengali television Soap Opera that premiered on May 29, 2017 and airs on STAR Jalsha. It is produced by Surinder Films and stars Jasmin Roy and Debottam Majumdar in lead roles and Nandini Chatterjee as the main antagonist.The Show is Went Off Air on 17 June 2018 and it got replaced by Ardhangini
Cast
Jasmin Roy As Gunja
Debottam Majumdar as Riddhi
Riya Banik as Ranja
Nandini Chatterjee as Basundhara/Main Antagonist
Shaurya Bhattacharya / John Bhattacharya as Aryan
Uponita Banerjee as Tania
Phalguni Chatterjee as Jethu
Bhaswar Chatterjee as Kamal
References
http://www.newstechcafe.com/2017/05/mayar-badhon-serial-on-star-jalsha-tv.html
2017 Indian television series debuts
Golden cave catfish

Clarias cavernicola (also known as the golden cave catfish) is a species of freshwater catfish. They are only known to live in one place: an underground lake in Aigamas Cave, which is near Otavi, in the Kalahari Desert of Namibia. The lake is in area and about deep.
The water level has been steadily dropping because it is extracted by humans. The lake is a major water supply in an otherwise very dry area. Because of this, the species is considered critically endangered. It is estimated that there are about 150 individuals living in the lake.
The fish live in the shallow areas of the lake in open, clear water. They feed on detritus (bat droppings and carcasses) and insects that fall into the lake. Not much is known about how the species reproduces. Attempts to breed the fish in captivity have failed.
The fish grow up to long. Having evolved in the darkness of the cave, they have no pigment. The fish is white in colour. It has a long eel-like body, with long dorsal and anal fins. The head has a rounded snout with four pairs of thin barbels. The fish have very small eyes, which are covered with skin. They are blind, and find food using taste and other senses on the barbels.
Related pages
Cave catfish
References
Other websites
Catfish
Enno Penno

Enno Penno (22 April 1930 - 16 November 2016) was an Estonian politician. He was the Acting Prime Minister of Estonia in exile from 1 March 1990 to 20 June 1992.
Penno was born in Tallinn, Estonia. He died on 16 November 2016 in Stockholm).
References
1930 births
2016 deaths
Politicians from Tallinn
Prime Ministers of Estonia
The Singularity Is Near

The Singularity is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology (2005) is a book about artificial intelligence by Ray Kurzweil. He describes his law of accelerating returns. This predicts an exponential increase in the power of such technologies as computers, genetic engineering, nanotechnology, robotics and artificial intelligence.
The author thinks this means machine intelligence will become more advanced than biological intelligence. Cyborg intelligence ends up being dominant. The book also predicts that when the "technological singularity" comes, humans may merge with machines and become androids or cyborgs.
It is not the first time this idea has been suggested. It has a long history in science fiction, and has been presented in several films, such as 2001.
Reviews of the book were mixed.
2005 books
Artificial intelligence
Books by American authors
Juan Carlos Esguerra Portocarrero

Juan Carlos Esguerra Portocarrero (born March 13, 1949) is a Colombian lawyer and politician. He has served in the Colombian Government as the 7th Minister of Justice and Law, the 28th Ambassador of Colombia to the United States, and as Minister of National Defence.
1949 births
Living people
Colombian politicians
Colombian lawyers
Ambassadors to the United States
Knightdale, North Carolina

Knightdale is a town in Wake County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census, 11,401 people live in Knightdale.
Towns in North Carolina
Wake County, North Carolina
Exeter, New Hampshire

Exeter is a town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2020 census, 16,049 people lived there.
Other websites
Exeter Historical Society
SAU 16, Exeter Area School District
Exeter Public Library
Towns in New Hampshire
1638 establishments in North America
Matteo Renzi

Matteo Renzi (; born 11 January 1975) is an Italian politician. He was the 56th Prime Minister of Italy. He became Prime Minister on 22 February 2014. Before, he was the President of Florence Province from 2004 to 2009 and the Mayor of Florence from 2009 to 2014. He resigned on 5 December 2016.
References
Other websites
Official website of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers
Renzi's personal website
Renzi on his party's website
1975 births
Living people
Italian mayors
Politicians from Florence
Prime Ministers of Italy
Black-winged stilt

The black-winged stilt or pied stilt (Himantopus himantopus) is a bird in the family Recurvirostridae. It lives in many places in the world: Australia, South America, Central America, Africa, southern Asia, some of North America, some of Europe, the Philippines, New Zealand, New Guinea, Indonesia, and the Solomon Islands.
Appearance
This bird has black and white feathers. Its legs are long and orange. Its bill is straight and black. The irises of its eyes are red. They have gray feathers on their heads. The gray part gets bigger as the bird gets older.
Habitat and food
This bird lives in mudflats, marshes, and the shores of lakes and rivers.
This bird wades. It walks through shallow water on its long legs. It uses its beak to catch small animals with no spines off the top of the water. It can swim and put its head under the water to catch food, but it does not do this often. It eats insects, mollusks, and crustaceans. It can look for food in large flocks, groups of birds. The birds in the flock do not all have to be black-winged stilts. The black-winged stilt will look for food with banded stilts and red-necked avocets too.
Breeding
Many pairs of black-winged stilts build nests near each other. This is called a colony. But each pair will fight other birds if they come too close to their nest. The birds either dig a small hole in the ground or put pieces of plants on the ground to make the nest. Both the male and female stilt sit on the eggs.
References
Charadriiformes
The Prayer of Russians

The Prayer of Russians () is the first official russian national anthem, it was adopted in 1816 and replaced in 1833 with "God Save the Tsar!". The lyrics were writen in 1815 by Vasiliy Zhukovsky.
The anthem was first played in Warsaw in 1816, by the order of the Grand Duke Konstantin Pavlovich, This song made a great impression on his brother, Alexander I, after that he ordered to perform it on all ceremonial occasions. The tune was the same as in british national anthem "God Save the King", it was the symbol of friendship between United Kingdom and Russia and european peace after the Napoleonic Wars. The final version of the lyrics was finished in 1818.
Original Lyrics (1815)
The final version from 1818
Bozhe, Tsaria khrani!
Slavnomu dolgie dni
Dai na zemli.
Gordykh smiriteliu
Slabykh khraniteliu
Vsekh uteshiteliu
Vsio nisposhli!
Pravoderzhavnuiu
Rus' Pravoslavnuiu
Bozhe, khrani!
Tsarstvo ei stroinoe
V sile spokoinoe
V skorbi dostoinoe
Dai na zemli!
See also
National Song to the King's Well-being
References
Historical anthems
Elk County, Kansas

Elk County (county code EK) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2010, 2,882 people lived there. Its county seat is Howard. Howard is also the biggest city in Elk County.
History
19th century
In 1875, Elk County was created. It was named after the Elk River.
The first railroad in Elk County was built through that territory in 1879. It connected ranches and farms to markets.
Geography
The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (1.0%) is water.
People
Government
Presidential elections
Laws
The Kansas Constitution was changed in 1986 to allow the sale of alcohol, but Elk County voters have chosen to remain a "dry" county.
Education
Unified school districts
West Elk USD 282
Elk Valley USD 283
Communities
Cities
Elk Falls
Grenola
Howard
Longton
Moline
References
More reading
Elk County, Kansas; H. F. Smith; 1927.
Handbook of Elk and Chautauqua Counties, Kansas; C.S. Burch Publishing Co; 24 pages; 1886.
Elk County Rural Landowners Plat Map; 1927.
Standard Atlas of Elk County, Kansas; George A. Ogle & Co; 43 pages; 1903.
Atlas of Elk County; Davy Map & Atlas Co; 45 pages; 1885.
Other websites
County
Elk County - Directory of Public Officials
Maps
Elk County Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
Kansas Highway Maps: Current, Historic, KDOT
Kansas Railroad Maps: Current, 1996, 1915, KDOT and Kansas Historical Society
Kansas counties
1875 establishments in Kansas
Montiéramey

Montieramey is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France.
Communes in Aube
Santena

Santena is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Piedmont region in Italy.
Settlements in Piedmont
Lakki Marwat District

Lakki Marwat District is a district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. The city of Lakki Marwat is the capital.
Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Clonmel

Clonmel () is the county town of County Tipperary in Ireland.
County towns in Ireland
Manouchehr Sotoudeh

Manouchehr Sotoudeh (, 19 July 1913 - 13 April 2016) was an Iranian geographer and scholar of Persian literature. He wrote 60 books and nearly 300 articles. He is the first Iranian who published the first dialectal dictionary. He was also a professor of University of Tehran.
Sotoudeh died in Chalus, Iran from respiratory failure on 13 April 2016, aged 102.
References
1913 births
2016 deaths
Iranian writers
Iranian academics
Iranian centenarians
Puss in Boots: The Last Wish

Puss in Boots: The Last Wish (also known as Puss in Boots 2: The Last Wish) is an 2022 American computer-animated adventure comedy movie by DreamWorks Animation and Universal Pictures. It is a spin-off of the Shrek franchise.
The movie is a sequel to Puss in Boots (2011). It is directed by Joel Crawford.
It stars Antonio Banderas, Salma Hayek, Olivia Colman, Harvey Guillen, Samson Kayo, Wagner Moura, Anthony Mendez, John Mulaney, Florence Pugh, Da'Vine Joy Randolph, and Ray Winstone.
Puss in Boots: The Last Wish was theatrically released in the United States on December 21, 2022, by Universal Pictures and received critical acclaim, with praise for the animation, voice acting, story, writing, villains, humor and themes.
References
Shrek
Universal Pictures movies
DreamWorks Animation movies
American comedy movies
American adventure movies
Chinchilla, Queensland

Chinchilla is a small town of 3,100 people in Queensland, Australia. It is 294 kms west of the state capital Brisbane. The Chinchilla area was first explored by Europens when Alan Cunningham made his journey from Sydney to explore the Darling Downs in 1827. Farmers arrived to settle the area in 1848 and set up Chinchilla Station. This was part of the Wongongera Station which had been set up in 1846. It was probably named after the local Aboriginal word jinchilla meaning cypress pine.
The railway from Brisbane reached Chinchilla in 1878. The area became well known for its' dairy farming which became the main industry. In the 1920s, the Chinchilla area, and more than 24 million hectares of Australia had become overgrown with an imported cactus, called prickly pear. In 1925 the Australian government imported a moth from Argentina, cactoblastis, which ate the prickly pear. The Chinchilla Experimental Station was set up to breed these moths and release them. At one time the station was sending out 14 million moth eggs a day.
Built on the banks of Charley's Creek, Chinchilla has been flooded several times. During the 2010-2011 Queensland floods, Chinchilla was flooded twice in two weeks.
References
Towns in Queensland
Calama

Calama is a commune and city of Chile. It is the capital of Province of El Loa, and is in the Region of Antofagasta.
References
Other websites
Official website
Cities in Chile
Groningen (city)

Groningen is a municipality in the north of the Netherlands. It is the capital of the province of Groningen. It has about 233,000 inhabitants (2021) and a university, called the University of Groningen.
Since 2019, Haren and Ten Boer have been part of the municipality of Groningen.
Well-known people
Pete Hoekstra (born 1953), former U.S. ambassador to the Netherlands
Other websites
Official website
Map and photos of Groningen
Groningen Museum
Cities in the Netherlands
Settlements in Groningen (province)
Provincial capitals of the Netherlands
Reile's Acres, North Dakota

Reile's Acres is a city in Cass County, North Dakota, United States.
Cities in North Dakota
Heart-lung transplant

A heart-lung transplant is a type of surgery to help people who have very sick hearts and lungs. In this surgery, the patient's own heart and lungs are taken out and replaced by healthy organs. During the surgery, a machine called a heart-lung machine pumps blood for the patient and breathes for him or her. Not many heart-lung transplants are done, because there are not enough donated organs.
Surgery
Heart
Respiratory system
Transplants
Cryptic Writings

Cryptic Writings is the seventh studio album by American thrash metal band, Megadeth. Cryptic Writings was released on June 17, 1997 through Capitol Records. It was Megadeth's last album to feature drummer Nick Menza.
The album peaked at #10 on the Billboard 200 and at #17 on the Canadian Albums Chart. In 1998, the song "Trust" was nominated for a Grammy Award in the category of Best Metal Performance.
Songs
References
Other websites
1997 albums
Megadeth albums
Capitol Records albums
Saint-Samson, Calvados

Saint-Samson, Calvados is a commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Calvados
Pierre Gamarra

Pierre Gamarra (Toulouse, July 10, 1919 - Argenteuil, May 20, 2009) was a French writer. He was a poet and novelist. He is famous for his poems and novels for the children. Pierre Gamarra also worked for a literary magazine, Europe.
Life
Gamarra was born in Toulouse in 1919. From 1938 to 1940, he was a teacher in the south of France. He became a journalist in 1944.
In 1948, he received an international prize for his novel The Fiery House.
In 1951, he began working for the literary magazine Europe.
Gamarra died in 2009 in Argenteuil, near Paris, at age 89.
Books
Most of Gamarra's novels are set in the southwest of France. That is the region where is was born.
Gamarra's books are not yet translated into English. His poems are well known by French schoolchildren. Examples are My Schoolbag () or The Cosmonaut and his host ().
Sources
Interview with Pierre Gamarra: Tohoku University Faculty of Letters Bulletin, 27 (Year 2006), Sendai, Japan
Encyclopedia Britannica: "Children's literature"
Encyclopedia Universalis: "Pierre Gamarra"
1919 births
2009 deaths
Children's writers
French novelists
French poets
People from Toulouse
Shaun the Sheep

Shaun the Sheep is a British animated television series produced by Aardman Animations. The program features Shaun, a troublesome sheep who lives on Mossy Bottom Farm with a gullible and lovable flock watched over by a strict but caring dog named Bitzer. The farm is run by a strict, caring and dopey farmer who is unnamed in the show. The show depicts the flock's adventures tailing the events in the life of Shaun the Sheep, who lives to have fun but always seems to get into trouble for it without being detected by the farmer.
Episodes
Season 1
Off The Baa!
Fetching
Bathtime
Big Top Timmy
The Bull
The Kite
Shape Up with Shaun
Buzz Off Bees
Timmy in a Tizzy
Mower Mouth
Take Away
Mountains Out of Molehills
Little Sheep of Horrors
Scrumping
Saturday Night Shaun
Still Life
Things That Go Bump
Who's the Mummy?
Shaun Shoots the Sheep
Fleeced
Sheep on the Loose
Bitzer Puts His Foot in It
Hiccups
Wash Day
Troublesome Tractor
Heavy Metal Shaun
Tooth Fairy
Camping Chaos
Save the Tree
Shaun the Farmer
Sheepwalking
The Farmer's Niece
Stick with Me
If You Can't Stand the Heat
Tidy Up
The Visitor
Helping Hound
Snore-Worn Shaun
Shaun Encounters
Abracadabra
Season 2
Season 3
Season 4
Season 5
Films
Shaun the Sheep Movie (2015)
A Shaun the Sheep Movie: Farmageddon (2019)
Characters
Shaun
Shaun is a young sheep with white wool; he is friends with every sheep on the farm located in the countryside. He likes to help his friends.
Bitzer
Bitzer is a yellow sheepdog. He is a shepherd and watches the sheep. Bitzer's best friend is Shaun.
The Farmer
The Farmer is in charge of the sheep in the meadows. He lives in a house next to the gate to the sheep meadows. In various episodes, it's shown that he loves to bake cakes and watch television. He hates it when the sheep come into the house when Bitzer is not there to keep the sheep in order.
Timmy
Timmy is a lamb. He lives with his mum. He loves teddy bears and robots.
Shirley
Shirley is the biggest sheep on the farm.
History
Shaun the Sheep was created by Aardman Animations. Season 1 was released on 5 March 2007.
In February 2008, Aardman Animations introduced the mobile game Shaun The Sheep: Mobile Game. It was released on 27 February 2008, on the Xbox 360. In March 2008, it was announced that there will be a film based on the game called Shaun the Sheep.
In 2010, Shaun the Sheep: The Mobile Game was discontinued on Xbox 360, replaced by Home Sheep Home released on 6 March 2013.
On 6 February 2015, Shaun the Sheep Movie was released. Aardman Animations also introduced a new version of the game Shaun the Sheep. The games were released on Xbox One and Xbox Live on 12 March 2015.
The videos will be unrestricted shortly in official YouTube.
Related pages
Aardman Animations
Animated television series
Brian Benjamin

Brian A. Benjamin (born December 9, 1976) is an American politician and businessman. He was the Lieutenant Governor of New York from September 9, 2021 until April 12, 2022.
Benjamin was first elected to the New York State Senate in a May 2017 special election. He represented New York's 30th State Senate district from 2017 to 2021.
In 2021, Benjamin unsuccessfully ran for the Democratic nomination for New York City Comptroller.
On August 26, 2021, New York Governor Kathy Hochul pick Benjamin to be her lieutenant governor. He was sworn in on September 9, 2021.
Benjamin was arrested on April 12, 2022, after being indicted on charges of bribery, conspiracy to commit wire fraud, wire fraud, and two counts of falsification of records. He has pleaded not guilty to all of the charges. That day, Benjamin resigned as lieutenant governor.
References
1976 births
Living people
Lieutenant Governors of New York (state)
Politicians from New York City
Businesspeople from New York City
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
African American politicians
Santander Cathedral

Santander Cathedral is one of the most famous Roman Catholic holy buildings in the city of Santander, Spain. It is mainly built in the Gothic architectural style.
Sources
Casada Soto, Jose Luis (ed.), nd: La Catedral de Santander. Fundacion Marcelino Botin
Other websites
Arteguias.com: Santander Cathedral
Diocese of Santander official website: history
Campaners.com: Santander Cathedral
Roman Catholic cathedrals in Spain
Cantabria
13th-century buildings and structures
NGC 735

NGC 735 is a spiral galaxy in the Triangulum constellation. It is about 213 million light-years away from the Milky Way.
Spiral galaxies
Basehor, Kansas

Basehor is a city in Leavenworth County, Kansas, United States. It is a suburb of the Kansas City Metropolitan Area. In 2010, 4,613 people lived there.
Geography
Basehor is at (39.138469, -94.938735). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that, is land and is water.
People
2010 census
The 2010 census says that there were 4,613 people, 1,751 households, and 1,337 families living in Basehor.
Education
Basehor is served by USD 458 Basehor Linwood. The district high school is Basehor-Linwood High School located in Basehor.
References
Other websites
City of Basehor
Basehor - Directory of Public Officials
Basehor City Map, KDOT
1889 establishments in the United States
Cities in Kansas
Crossfire (movie)

Crossfire is a 1947 American crime drama movie directed by Edward Dmytryk and based on the 1945 novel The Brick Foxhole by Richard Brooks. It stars Robert Young, Robert Mitchum, Robert Ryan, Gloria Grahame, Paul Kelly, Sam Levene, Lex Barker and was distributed by RKO Radio Pictures. It was nominated for 5 Academy Awards in 1948.
Other websites
1947 crime drama movies
1940s American crime drama movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Edward Dmytryk
Mozilla Foundation

The Mozilla Foundation is a non-profit organization that was created to support and give leadership for the open source Mozilla project. The organization sets the policies that govern development, operate important things that keep Mozilla working and control trademarks and other intellectual property. It owns a taxable for-profit subsidiary, the Mozilla Corporation, which employs several Mozilla developers and sets releases of the Mozilla Firefox. The Mozilla Foundation is based in Mountain View, California, USA.
The Mozilla Foundation describes itself as "a non-profit organization dedicated to preserving choice and promoting innovation on the Internet". Mozilla Japan and Mozilla China are non-profit organizations whose mission is to help promote and deploy Mozilla products and projects.
History
On February 23, 1998, Netscape created the Mozilla Organization to help the development of the Mozilla Application Suite. It made-up of mostly Netscape employees but was not part of Netscape.
When America Online (AOL) (Netscape's owner) stopped its involvement with the Mozilla Organization by a lot, the Mozilla Foundation was created on July 15, 2003 to make sure Mozilla could survive without Netscape. AOL helped during the start of the creation of the Mozilla Foundation, moving hardware and intellectual property to the organization and employing a three-person team for the first three months to help with the move. AOL promised to donate $2 million to the foundation over two years.
People
The Mozilla Foundation Board of Directors has six members:
Mitchell Baker (Chair)
Brian Behlendorf
Joichi Ito
Bob Lisbonne
Cathy Davidson
Ronaldo Lemos
Originally Christopher Blizzard had a seat on the board but he moved to the Mozilla Corporation Board of Directors when it was established; Joichi Ito joined the Mozilla Foundation board at that time. Bob Lisbonne and Carl Malamud were elected to the board in October 2006.
The foundation also has a number of paid staff members, who focus on project and policy issues:
Mark Surman -- Executive Director
Gervase Markham
Zak Greant
The Mozilla Corporation also has a number of employees, many of whom worked for the foundation before the establishment of the corporation.
The Mozilla project has traditionally been overseen by a committee known as mozilla.org staff; the individuals on that committee later became foundation or corporation board members or staff members.
Related pages
Mozilla Firefox -- Mozilla's web browser
Mozilla Thunderbird -- Mozilla's e-mail client
References
Notes
Other websites
About the Mozilla Foundation
2005 presentation about the Mozilla Foundation
Press release about the creation of the Mozilla Foundation
Details about the reorganization caused by the formation of the Mozilla Corporation
mozilla.org Staff Members and Meeting Minutes
Mountain View, California
2003 establishments in California
Buddh International Circuit

The Buddh International Circuit (or BIC) is a track (circuit) that had opened in 2011, which is used for motor racing. The main event is the Indian Grand Prix, the first to be held in that country.
The track was designed by Hermann Tilke, the FIA's most commonly used Track Designer.
The track was originally known as the Jaypee Group Circuit, after the owners, the Jaypee Group. The track was renamed in April 11, 2011
References
Formula One circuits
Formula One current
2011 establishments in Asia
2010s establishments in India
The War on Errorism

The War on Errorism is the ninth studio album by American punk rock band, NOFX. The War on Errorism was released on May 6, 2003. The producers of the album were Ryan Greene and Fat Mike. The album pokes fun at former U.S. president George W. Bush and criticizes him and his policies.
Songs
2003 albums
NOFX albums
Punk albums
Solebury Township, Pennsylvania

Solebury Township is a township in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 8,692 at the 2010 census.
References
Townships in Pennsylvania