pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Kazushi Isoyama

Kazushi Isoyama (born 8 January 1975) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|1997||Brummell Sendai||Football League||1||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||1||0
|-
|1997||rowspan="2"|Otsuka Pharmaceuticals||rowspan="2"|Football League||15||6||0||0||colspan="2"|-||15||6
|-
|1998||20||12||3||3||colspan="2"|-||23||15
|-
|1999||rowspan="4"|Omiya Ardija||rowspan="4"|J. League 2||29||7||1||0||0||0||30||7
|-
|2000||31||8||3||3||2||0||36||11
|-
|2001||22||4||0||0||1||0||23||4
|-
|2002||4||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||4||0
|-
|2002||Consadole Sapporo||J. League 1||5||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||5||0
|-
|2003||Omiya Ardija||J. League 2||14||1||0||0||colspan="2"|-||14||1
|-
|2004||rowspan="2"|Mito Hollyhock||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||39||3||2||2||colspan="2"|-||41||5
|-
|2005||34||3||2||1||colspan="2"|-||36||4
|-
|2006||rowspan="2"|Arte Takasaki||rowspan="2"|Football League||7||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||7||0
|-
|2007||28||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||28||0
221||44||11||9||3||0||235||53
221||44||11||9||3||0||235||53
|}
References
1975 births
Living people
Footballers from Ibaraki Prefecture
Public bookcase

A public bookcase (also called a book exchange, a free library or a street library) is a box or cupboard with books in it that everyone can get to. People often put a book they have finished reading into the bookcase, and then take a book out of the bookcase to read instead. People can also take books from the bookcase without giving a book if they have no books to give. Public bookcases are often along sidewalks, in public buildings or in people's gardens near the sidewalk.
Gallery
Libraries
Street furniture
Lincoln County, Georgia

Lincoln County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 7,690 people lived there. The county seat is Lincolnton.
References
1796 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia (U.S. state) counties
Pirates of the Caribbean

Pirates of the Caribbean is a Disney franchise made of theme park rides, a movie series, and spin-off novels. Some video games have also been made.
The franchise started with the theme park ride of the same name, which opened at Disneyland in 1967.
Pirates of the Caribbean became a media franchise in the 2000s with the release of The Curse of the Black Pearl in 2003. The rides can be found at five Disney theme park resorts. The movies created by Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio have made over worldwide by 2019.
References
Smaug

Smaug is a fictional dragon from The Hobbit. He is the main villain of the J.R.R. Tolkien book and it's adaptations. The author called him a "most specially, greedy, strong and wicked worm".
Fictional biography
Smaug is one of the most feared dragons on Middle-earth. He decided to sleep in a pile of gold until Bilbo Baggins woke him up. Smaug knows that Bilbo is after the Arkenstone. He left the area and decided to fly to Lake-town and ravage it with fire. He was killed by Bard the Bowman with an arrow.
Peter Jackson trilogy (2012-2014)
In The Hobbit movie trilogy, Smaug's motion capture and voice were done by Benedict Cumberbatch. He is digitally created by Weta Digital and is considered one of the most impressive features of the trilogy, specifically the end of the second movie. In the third movie, his death helped Sauron let his armies roam free.
Other media
Smaug, voiced by Benedict Cumberbatch became an interviewed guest for a December 2014 episode of The Colbert Report with clips from the third movie.
Fictional characters introduced in 1937
Fictional dragons
Characters in The Hobbit
Kelly Lynch

Kelly Lynch (born January 31, 1959) is an American actress. She played Connie in Three of Hearts and Madison Carter in Virtuosity. She was born in Golden Valley, Minnesota.
References
American television actors
American movie actors
Actors from Minnesota
1959 births
Living people
Worthington Hills, Kentucky

Worthington Hills is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Cities in Kentucky
Stiefenhofen

Stiefenhofen is a municipality in the district of Lindau in Bavaria in Germany. It is the seat of the administrative community of Stiefenhofen.
References
Lindau (district)
Marlboro, Vermont

Marlboro is a town in Windham County, Vermont, United States. The population was 978 at the 2000 census.
References
Towns in Vermont
Feng Zemin

Feng Zemin is an archer from China. He was born on 18 January 1958. Zemin competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
References
Other websites
1958 births
Living people
Chinese archers
Chinese Olympians
Pontacq

Pontacq is a commune of the Pyrenees-Atlantiques departement in the southwestern part of France.
References
Pontacq
Public university

A public university is a university that is given money by the public or the government. Unlike private universities, students generally don't have to pay money to study in public universities.
Colleges and universities
Ross Barnett

Ross Robert Barnett (January 22, 1898November 6, 1987) was the Governor of Mississippi from 1960 to 1964. He was a prominent member of the Dixiecrats. They were southern Democrats who supported racial segregation.
Governors of Mississippi
Jean Germain (politician)

Jean Germain (11 September 1947 - 7 April 2015) was a French socialist politician. Germain was the president of l'Universite de Tours from 1988 to 1993.
In 1995 Germain was elected mayor of Tours since 1995, and president of the agglomeration community of Tours, Tour(s) Plus.
Germanin committed suicide by shooting himself in the head in Tours, France, aged 67.
References
1947 births
2015 deaths
French mayors
People from Centre-Val de Loire
Socialist Party (France) politicians
Suicides by firearm
Sardar Azmoun

Sardar Azmoun (; born 1 January 1995) is an Iranian professional footballer. He plays as a forward for Zenit Saint Petersburg and the Iran national team.
Azmoun played his first game for the Iran national team in 2014 when he was 19. He played in the 2015, 2019 AFC Asian Cup and 2018 FIFA World Cup.
Azmoun is the second-most expensive Iranian player of all-time behind Alireza Jahanbakhsh. He is the youngest Iranian to score in a Champions League game and he is the highest Iranian scorer in the UEFA Champions League, scoring four goals.
Career statistics
Club
International
Scores and results list Iran's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Azmoun goal.
Youth level
Under-17
Under-20
Under-23
Honours
Sepahan
Iran Pro League: 2011-12
Zenit Saint Petersburg
Russian Premier League: 2018-19, 2019-20, 2020-21
Russian Cup: 2019-20
Russian Super Cup: 2020, 2021
Iran U17
West Asian Football Federation Championship: 2009
Iran U20
AFF U-19 Youth Championship: 2012
Individual
Commonwealth of Independent States Cup top scorer: 2012
List of 33 Best Footballers of the Russian Championship: 2015-16, 2018-19
AFC Asian Cup Team of the Tournament: 2019
Russian Premier League Player of the Season: 2020-21
Russian Premier League Player of the Month: March 2019
Russian Premier League top goalscorer: 2019-20 (17 goals)
IFFHS AFC Man Team of the Year: 2020
References
Other websites
Serdar Azmoun
Interview with RubinTV
1995 births
Living people
Iranian footballers
Iranian expatriate footballers
Iran international footballers
Association football forwards
2018 FIFA World Cup players
2019 AFC Asian Cup players
Cai Lun

Cai Lun (; 50 AD - 121) was a Chinese eunuch and politician. He is generally regarded as the inventor of paper. Earlier forms of paper, such as papyrus, were used in China from the 2nd century BC. However, Cai Lun developed another form of paper, which is used today.
Cai Lun was born in Leiyang (then called Guiyang), a part of Hunan. He lived during the Han Dynasty. His courtesy name was Jingzhong (). He served the government as a eunuch from AD 75, and in AD 89 got a promotion to be a "Shang Fang Si", someone who makes weapons, and a Regular Palace Attendant (Zhong Chang Shi ). Cai Lun invented paper in the year 105. For his invention, he was rewarded by the Emperor. After his death he was considered the patron of papermaking. To make paper, Cai Lun used a pulp made of materials such as tree bark and rags. He then strained the liquid from the pulp and spread it out to dry. Legend has it that the mortar, a tool he used to grind materials, was buried in a pool near his grave.
References
"Cai Lun (Chinese Inventor)." Encyclopaedia Britannica Online. Encyclopaedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 04 Dec. 2013.
Rosinsky, Natalie M. "Let's make paper." Calliope Feb. 2007: 44+. General OneFile. Web. 4 Dec. 2013.
Forage, Paul. "Printing and Papermaking." Encyclopedia of Modern Asia. Ed. Karen Christensen and David Levinson. Vol. 5. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2002. 7-9. World History In Context. Web. 4 Dec. 2013
50s births
121 deaths
Chinese inventors
Paper
Politicians from Hunan
Gonzalo Anes

Gonzalo Anes Alvarez de Castrillon (10 December 1931 - 31 March 2014) was a Spanish economist, professor and historian. He was the Marquis of Castrillon from 2010 until his death in 2014. He was also a director of the Royal Academy of History. He was born in Trelles, Coana, Asturias.
Anes died on 31 March 2014 in Madrid. He was 82 years old.
References
Other websites
Gonzalo Anes at the Royal Academy of History
1931 births
2014 deaths
Spanish economists
Spanish academics
Spanish historians
People from Asturias
Thomas Morstead

Thomas Morstead (born August 13, 1982 in Pearland, Texas) is an American football punter for the New Orleans Saints of the National Football League (NFL). Morstead was drafted out of Southern Methodist University by the New Orleans Saints with the 164th pick in the fifth round of the 2009 NFL Draft. Morstead won Super Bowl XLIV while part of the New Orleans Saints.
Other websites
Thomas Morstead at nfl.com
1986 births
Living people
New Orleans Saints players
American football punters
Sportspeople from Texas
Plön (district)

Plon is a district (Kreis) in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. The capital is Plon.
Towns and municipalities
References
Other websites
Official website
Districts of Schleswig-Holstein
Vilnius Old Town

The Old Town of Vilnius () is the historic part of the city of Vilnius, Lithuania. It is one of the largest and most beautiful medieval old towns in Europe. It has an area of 3.59 square kilometres (887 acres). The settlement became a town in the early 13th century. The old town is marked by narrow streets, old churches, museums and flower-decorated courtyards.
The central squares in the Old Town are the Cathedral Square and the Town Hall Square. In 1994 the Vilnius Old Town was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.
Landmarks
There are more monuments of interest in the Old Town than in any other part of Vilnius; they include:
Palaces
Presidential Palace
Slushko Palace
Radvilu Palace
Tyzenhaus Palace
Vilnius Castle Complex with the Gediminas Tower and Royal Palace
Religious monuments
St. Anne's Church
Vilnius Cathedral in Cathedral Square
St. Nicholas Church
All Saints Church
Gate of Dawn
Three Crosses
Cathedral of the Theotokos
Other places of interest
House of the Signatories
National Museum of Lithuania
Lithuanian National Drama Theatre
Fragments of the Vilnius city wall
Vilnius dungeons
References
World Heritage Sites in Europe
Vilnius
FeedDemon

FeedDemon is a free proprietary software for Windows that reads RSS feeds. The inventor of FeedDemon is Nick Bradbury, the inventor of other software. This software is owned by NewsGator Technologies since May 2005. This software can work with Bloglines and NewsGator Online.
Other websites
Official Website
Software
Klaus Hasselmann

Klaus Ferdinand Hasselmann (born 25 October 1931) is a German oceanographer and climate modeller. He is Professor Emeritus at the University of Hamburg and former Director of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology. He was awarded the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics with Syukuro Manabe and Giorgio Parisi.
He is best known for creating the Hasselmann model. His works has helped track and model the effects and weather patterns of climate change.
Referemces
1931 births
Living people
German scientists
Oceanographers
German academics
Writers from Hamburg
La Brûlatte

La Brulatte is a commune of 607 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France.
Communes in Mayenne
Elivélton (footballer, born 1971)

Elivelton (born July 31, 1971) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for the Brazilian national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1990||rowspan="3"|Sao Paulo||rowspan="3"|Serie A||14||1
|-
|1991||19||1
|-
|1992||16||0
|-
|1993||rowspan="2"|Nagoya Grampus Eight||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||9||2
|-
|1994||15||5
|-
|1995||Corinthians Paulista||Serie A||20||2
|-
|1996||Palmeiras||Serie A||23||2
|-
|1997||Cruzeiro||Serie A||20||5
|-
|1998||Vitoria||Serie A||20||2
|-
|1999||rowspan="2"|Internacional||rowspan="2"|Serie A||12||0
|-
|2000||16||4
|-
|2001||rowspan="3"|Ponte Preta||rowspan="3"|Serie A||22||1
|-
|2002||22||5
|-
|2003||0||0
|-
|2003||Sao Caetano||Serie A||8||0
212||23
24||7
236||30
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1991||2||1
|-
|1992||3||0
|-
|1993||8||0
|-
!Total||13||1
|}
Other websites
National Football Teams
1971 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Discourses on Livy

The Discourses on Livy, also Discourses or Discorsi, was written around 1517 and published in 1531 by Niccolo Machiavelli.
It is a discussion about the history of early Ancient Rome. Although it strays very far from this and also uses modern political examples to illustrate points. Machiavelli presents it as a series of lessons on how a republic should be started and structured.
While it more openly explains the advantages of republics, it also has many similar themes from his other works. For example, Machiavelli said that to save a republic from corruption, it is needed to return it to a "kingly state" using violent means. He excuses Romulus for killing his brother Remus and co-ruler Titus Tatius to gain absolute power for himself in that he made a "civil way of life". Commentators disagree about how much the two works agree with each other, as Machiavelli often refers to leaders of republics as "princes". Machiavelli even sometimes acts as an advisor to tyrants. Other scholars have pointed out the power-hungry and imperialistic features of Machiavelli's republic. Nevertheless, it became one of the central texts of modern republicanism.
16th-century books
The Vyborg Side

The Vyborg Side () is a 1939 Soviet drama movie directed by Grigori Kozintsev and Leonid Trauberg. It stars Boris Chirkov, Valentina Kibardina, and Mikhail Zharov.
Actors
Boris Chirkov - Maksim
Valentina Kibardina - Natasha
Mikhail Zharov - Platon Vassilievich Dymba
Natalya Uzhviy - Yevdokia Ivanovna Kozlova
Yuri Tolubeyev - Yegor Bugai
Anatoli Kuznetsov - Worker's Deputy Turayev
References
Other websites
Russian drama movies
1939 drama movies
1930s war movies
Movies directed by Grigori Kozintsev
Movies directed by Leonid Trauberg
Movies set in Russia
Soviet drama movies
Soulac-sur-Mer

Soulac-sur-Mer is a commune and seaside resort in southwestern France on the Atlantic Ocean.
Population
References
INSEE
Communes in Gironde
Cerveteri

Cerveteri () is a town and comune of northern Lazio in the region of the Metropolitan City of Rome. It is the site of the ancient Etruscan city.
References
Towns in Italy
Settlements in Lazio
The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild

The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild is an adventure game created by Nintendo EPD and Monolith Soft. It was published by Nintendo for Nintendo Switch and Wii U. It is currently the most recent non-remake entry in The Legend of Zelda series. It was released on March 3, 2017. On April 25, 2019, Nintendo added a new feature that makes the game playable in virtual reality, using Nintendo Labo.
Plot
According to legend, when Ganon returns, the chosen hero, Link, and the royal princess, Zelda, are destined to defeat him. Ten thousand years ago, a group of people called the Sheikah created technologies for defeating Ganon, called Guardians and Divine Beasts. Once Ganon had been destroyed, the king prohibited this technology, because he thought that Sheikah technology could be used in the future to attack the kingdom. Because of this, the Sheikah split into the Yiga, murderers who followed Ganon and the Sheikah who were still loyal, who went into hiding.
About a hundred years from the present, Ganon returns. The new king tried to use the Sheikah technology again to defeat Ganon. However, Ganon already controlled Sheikah technology and he used this to attack the kingdom. As a consequence, Link and princess Zelda were defeated by Sheikah technology. Link had to recover for a hundred years and when he woke up in the Shrine of Resurrection, and the game starts. He now has to return in search of Zelda to help her destroy Ganon with the help of clues Zelda left along the way.
Development
Development began in 2013. It took a long time because of all the details they added to it. They used new ideas from developers which made it more original and refreshing. It was a pioneering game and it broke the conventions of the saga, you can walk anywhere in the world even climb mountains, sail rafts, swim, run, walk, explore, fight, or even teleport later on in the game.
An interesting feature of the game is that it is interactive and the characters can respond to you differently depending on what you are wearing. For example, if you are wearing something metallic, like a metal sword, metal shield or metal bow, in a storm, lightning can strike you and kill you, so make sure to unequip your weapons or use wood weapons instead.
It has been extremely successful around the world since it was first published. It has sold around 20 million copies worldwide.
References
2017 video games
Breath of the Wild
Nintendo video games
Nintendo Switch games
Wii U games
Video games developed in Japan
Tenacious D

Tenacious D is an American rock band formed in Los Angeles, California in 1994. The members of the band are actor Jack Black and his best friend Kyle Gass. Their songs have lots of profanity. Including Tribute, Beezleboss and many others.
Albums
Tenacious D (2001)
The Pick of Destiny (2006)
Rize of the Fenix (2012)
Post-Apocalypto (2019)
Movies
Tenacious D in: The Pick of Destiny
1994 establishments in California
1990s music groups
2000s music groups
2010s music groups
American comedy bands
American rock bands
American hard rock bands
American heavy metal bands
Musical groups from Los Angeles
Pandoravirus

Pandoravirus is a genus of very large viruses. They have the largest genomes of any viral genus. Like the other large viruses Mimivirus, Pithovirus and Megavirus, Pandoravirus infects amoebas. Its genome, with 1.9 to 2.5 megabases of DNA, is twice as large as that of Megavirus. It differs greatly from the other large viruses in appearance and in genome structure.
Although the capsid of Pithovirus is 50% larger in size, Pandoravirus has the largest genome of all viruses (2.5 million base pairs).
About 93% of Pandoravirus genes are not known from any other microbes. This led some scientists to suggest the virus belongs to a "fourth domain", aside from Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. Viruses as a whole are not considered to be within these three domains, but they have been proposed as one in the past by some biologists.
Related page
Pandoravirus yedoma
References
Giant viruses
Deggendorf (district)

Deggendorf (West Central Bavarian: Landkroas Degndoaf) is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany.
The Danube river runs through the district from west to east. The Isar river enters in the south and meets the Danube close to the town of Deggendorf. The Einodriegel (1,220 m) is the highest point within the district.
Towns and municipalities
References
Districts of Bavaria
Crash Bandicoot 3: Warped

Crash Bandicoot: Warped (known in Europe as Crash Bandicoot 3: Warped) is the third video game for the Crash Bandicoot series. Time trials were a new feature introduced with this game.
Release dates
PlayStation
North America: October 31, 1998
Europe: November, 1998
Japan: December 17, 1998
Australia: October 31, 2000
PlayStation Network
Japan: September 27, 2007
North America: February 7, 2008
Europe: October 23, 2008
References
Further reading
Other websites
1998 video games
Naughty Dog games
PlayStation games
Crash Bandicoot games
Power Rangers RPM

Power Rangers RPM (Racing Performance Machines) is a TV show Power Rangers started in 2009. It aired from March 7 to December 26 2009 with 32 episodes. It is based on the Super Sentai series Engine Sentai Go-onger. It is the sequel to Power Rangers Jungle Fury. A sequel to called Power Rangers Samurai started in 2011 and ended in 2012.
Plot
AI computer virus Venjix is all set to attack Corinth, the only city that has survived the carnage by its droids. The RPM Power Rangers must learn to use the advanced biotech vehicles to save mankind.
Characters
Cast
Rangers
Eka Darville as Scott Truman, the Ranger Operator Series Red Eagle.
Ari Boyland as Flynn Allistair, the Ranger Operator Series Blue Lion.
Rose Mclver as Summer Landsdown, the Ranger Operator Series Yellow Bear.
Milo Cawthorne as Ziggy Grover, the Ranger Operator Series Green Shark.
Daniel Ewing as Dillon, the Ranger Operator Series Black Wolf.
Mike Ginn as Gem, the Ranger Operator Series Gold.
Li Ming Hu as Gemma, the Ranger Operator Series Silver.
Supporting characters
Olivia Tennet as Dr. K.
John Sumner as Bob Fresco.
Villians
Adelaide Kane as Tenaya 7/15.
Andrew Laing as Venjix.
References
Mighty Morphin Power Rangers
English-language television programs
Heavy Is the Head (song)

"Heavy Is the Head" is a 2015 song by country band Zac Brown Band featuring Chris Cornell. It is the second single from their fourth studio album Jekyll + Hyde. It was released on rock radio instead of country radio. It went to number 1 on the Canadian Billboard Rock chart and number 14 Billboard Hot Rock & Alternative charts.
References
2015 songs
Hard rock songs
Southern rock songs
Heavy metal
Zac Brown Band songs
Chris Cornell songs
Caprie

Caprie is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region of Piedmont.
Settlements in Piedmont
West Okoboji, Iowa

West Okoboji is a city in Iowa in the United States. The city is located on West Okoboji Lake, from which it takes its name.
Cities in Iowa
Alan Igglesden

Alan Paul Igglesden (8 October 1964 - 1 November 2021) was an English Test cricketer. He played three Test Matches and four One Day Internationals (ODIs) for the England cricket team between 1989 and 1994 as a fast bowler.
He played most of his first-class cricket career for Kent County Cricket Club. He was born in London.
In 1999, Igglesden was diagnosed with terminal brain cancer. He died from the disease in Apperley Bridge, West Yorkshire on 1 November 2021, aged 57.
References
1964 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from brain cancer
English cricketers
Sportspeople from London
Katano

is a city in Osaka Prefecture, Japan.
Geography
Surrounding municipalities
Osaka Prefecture
Hirakata
Neyagawa
Shijonawate
Nara Prefecture
Ikoma
Population
From Japanese census data,
References
Other websites
Official website
Cities in Osaka Prefecture
Gjirokastër

Gjirokaster is a city in southern Albania. There are about 43,000 people who live here. It is the capital of both the Gjirokaster District and the larger Gjirokaster County. Gjirokaster is between the Gjere mountains and the Drino River. The Eqerem Cabej University is in the city.
References
Cities in Albania
Eau Galle, St. Croix County, Wisconsin

Eau Galle is a town in St. Croix County, Wisconsin, USA. As of the 2010 census the population was 1,139.
References
Towns in Wisconsin
Elinor Ostrom

Elinor Claire "Lin" Ostrom (nee Awan; August 7, 1933 - June 12, 2012) was an American political economist. She won the Nobel Prize 2009 in Economic Sciences which she shared with Oliver Williamson. Ostrom became the first woman to win a Nobel Prize in this category. Her worked said that the idea of the Tragedy of the Commons was too simple. Some communities do share common resources in a positive way and do not waste or destroy them.
Ostrom was one of 20 Nobel Laureates who signed the "Stockholm memorandum" at the 3rd Nobel Laureate Symposium on Global Sustainability in Stockholm, Sweden on 18 May 2011.
Ostrom taught at both Indiana University and Arizona State University. She was born in Los Angeles, California. She was married to political scientist Vincent Ostrom (born 1919) from 1963 until she died. She was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in October 2011 and died of the disease in Bloomington, Indiana at age 78.
References
1933 births
2012 deaths
American economists
American Nobel Prize winners
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Cancer deaths in Indiana
Scientists from Los Angeles
Giancarlo Bergamini

Giancarlo Bergamini was an fencer from Italy. Bergamini competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics and the 1956 Summer Olympics and won one gold and two silver medals. He was born on 2 August 1926 and died on 4 February 2020.
References
Other websites
1926 births
2020 deaths
Italian fencers
Italian Olympic gold medalists
Italian Olympic silver medalists
Sportspeople from Milan
Joseph Lister

Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister, (5 April 182710 February 1912) was a British surgeon and a pioneer of antiseptic surgery.
He promoted the idea of sterile surgery while working at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary. Lister successfully introduced carbolic acid (phenol) to sterilise surgical instruments and to clean wounds.
Applying Louis Pasteur's advances in microbiology, Lister championed the use of carbolic acid as an antiseptic, so that it became the first widely used antiseptic in surgery.
He knew it was used to ease the stench from fields irrigated with sewage waste. He thought it was safe because fields treated with carbolic acid had no ill-effects on the livestock that grazed on them.
By 1890, Lister stopped using carbolic acid, due to the dangerous side effects for both patient and surgeon. Rather, he began to use a mask and surgical gloves to prevent infection.
Lister's work led to a reduction in post-operative infections (infections after an operation). This made surgery safer for patients. So he became known as the "father of modern surgery".
References
1827 births
1912 deaths
Fellows of the Royal Society
Presidents of the Royal Society
British surgeons
Chapin, Illinois

Chapin is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Villages in Illinois
Sogod, Southern Leyte

Sogod is a municipality in the province of Southern Leyte, Philippines.
References
Settlements in the Philippines
Seii

Seii (; 1326 - c. 1354) was the 2nd king of the Okinawan kingdom of Chuzan. He ruled after his father, Tamagusuku, in 1336, when he was only ten years old.
Kings and queens
1326 births
1354 deaths
People from Okinawa Prefecture
Gil Coelho

Gildo Vinicius Coelho de Almeida (born April 13, 1987) is a Brazilian actor. He began his career in 2009 in Multishow series, Beijo, Me Liga, and gained prominence in the 19th season of the telenovela Young Hearts in 2011. I Love Paraisopolis in 2015 Amor.com in 2017 and Nos Tempos do Imperador in 2021. Gil dated actresses Monique Alfradique and Fabiula Nascimento.
Coelho was born in Rio de Janeiro.
Filmography
References
Other websites
Brazilian actors
1987 births
Living people
North American Aviation A3J Vigilante

The North American Aviation A3J Vigilante is an American reconnaissance and attack aircraft. It served with US Navy onto aircraft carrier. After September 1962 A3J Vigilante began A-5 Vigilante.
United States Navy aircraft
Vietnam War aircraft
Zhangixalus jarujini

Jarugin's tree frog (Zhangixalus jarujini) is a frog. It lives in eastern Thailand. Scientists think it might also live in Laos and Cambodia.
The adult male frog is about 38 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is about 44 mm long. The skin on the frog's back is brown in color with dark marks.
References
Frogs of Asia
Republic of Ireland

Ireland ( ) is a European country on the island of Ireland. It is a member of the European Union. The country is sometimes called the Republic of Ireland in order to distinguish between the territory of the Irish state and island proper, but Ireland is its official name. It covers about five-sixths of the island of Ireland. The other sixth is called Northern Ireland, which is still part of the United Kingdom. The republic's capital is Dublin. Cork is the second largest city in the country and the third largest on the island of Ireland. The population of Ireland is 4.9 million. English is the main language spoken. The Irish language is widely taught in all schools, and it is still spoken as a first language in some areas of the country, known as the Gaeltacht. Irish is the first official language, followed by English.
History
Several hundred years ago, the English took over the country and made it part of the United Kingdom in 1801. After many years of revolution, Ireland gained its independence from the United Kingdom in 1922 and has been an independent country since then. It was a neutral country during World War II.
Geography
The state extends over an area of about five-sixths (70,273 km2 or 27,133 sq mi) of the island of Ireland (84,421 km2 or 32,595 sq mi), with Northern Ireland being the rest.
Ireland is one of the countries in Europe with the least forests. Today, only about 10% of Ireland is covered with forests.
The total land area dedicated to farming is 64%.
Politics
The head of State, the President, is elected for seven years by the adult citizens. The same president can only be elected twice (14 years). Most of the president's tasks are representing and ceremonial ones. The president has little power over the government.
Ireland is a democracy and people vote for their representatives. The Taoiseach (equivalent to a prime minister) is selected by the parliament. The Taoiseach is usually the head of the biggest party.
The Oireachtas (equivalent to the parliament) consists of the Dail Eireann (the lower House) and the Seanad (the 'upper House'). The system is similar to that of France or the United States, except that the President is not an executive.
The main political parties in Ireland are Sinn Fein 25%, Fianna Fail 22%, Fine Gael 21%, the Labour Party 5% and others.
Local government
The Local Government Act 1898 is the founding document of the present system of local government, while the Twentieth Amendment to the constitution of 1999 given for its constitutional recognition. The twenty-six traditional counties of Ireland are not always related to governmental divisions although they are usually used as a geographical frame of reference by the population of Ireland. Below this (with the exception of the Dublin Region and the three city councils) are municipal districts.
Related pages
Ireland at the Olympics
Ireland national football team
List of rivers of Ireland
References
Notes
Ireland
Ireland
1949 establishments in Europe
Diuretic

A diuretic is a chemical substance. This substance is either in a herb (such as dandelions), or it has been separated and made into a drug. Diuretics increase the amount of urine that is secreted from the body. Diuretics are used as a treatment for heart failure, liver cirrhosis, hypertension and certain problems with the kidneys. Diuretics are often abused by people suffering form bulimia nervosa as a way to lose weight.
Well-known substances that have diuretic properties are tea,coffee and alcohol.
Other websites
Diagram at mmi.mcgill.ca
Diagram at cvpharmacology.com
Drugs
Zaventem

Zaventem is a municipality in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant.
In 2007, 29034 people lived there.
It is at 50deg 53 North, 04deg 28 East.
References
Municipalities of Flemish Brabant
Shlomo Argov

Shlomo Argov, Hebrew: SHlmh Argvb , (December 14, 1929 - February 23, 2003) was a well-known Israeli diplomat. He was the Israeli ambassador to the United Kingdom. On 3 June, 1982 three Palestinians tried to kill Shlomo Argov. This was a cause of the 1982 Lebanon War.
Early life and education
Argov was born in Jerusalem in 1929. His family had lived in Jerusalem for seven generations. As a teenager, he joined the Palmach, the elite force of the Haganah. During the 1947-1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine, he was wounded in the Battle of Safed. When Israel was established and the 1948 Arab-Israeli War began, Argov joined the Israel Defense Forces (IDF).
In 1950, he completed his military service and went to the United States to study. In 1952 he received a Bachelor of Arts in political science from Georgetown University. While studying, he worked part-time at the Israeli Embassy. In this time he met his future wife Hava. Afterwards, he went to study in the United Kingdom. In 1955 he received a Master of Arts in international relations from the London School of Economics.
Personal life
Argov had three children with his wife Hava: son Gideon and daughters Yehudit and Edna. Hava died in May 2002.
Attempted assassination
On 3 June 1982, three men, Hussein Ghassan Said, Marwan al-Banna, and Nawaf al-Rosan came close to Argov when he got into his car after a party at the Dorchester Hotel, in Park Lane, London. There is another report that says that four men were coming close to Shlomo Argov. Said shot Argov in the head. Argov was not killed, but he was badly injured. He was taken to the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery very rapidly, and he was taken to a specialist unit and the surgeons did an emergency brain surgery on him . He remained in a coma for three months. Argov was the second of two Israeli diplomats who were attacked in just a month. This was given as the reason for Israel attacking Lebanon in 1982.
Later life
Argov recovered from his coma and was returned to Israel. There, he was placed in Hadassah Hospital in Jerusalem as a permanent patient. Though he could not move, he could clearly understand what was going on around him.
Death
Argov died at Hadassah Hospital in 2003 aged 73 from the injuries in the attack. He had been paralysed and was placed in permanent hospital care for 21 years.
References
1929 births
2003 deaths
Ambassadors of Israel
Israeli Jews
People from Jerusalem
French overseas collectivities

The Overseas collectivities (French: collectivite d'outre-mer or COM), are an administrative division of France. These territories include some former overseas territories and other French overseas holdings with a particular status. All of these were given the name collectivites d'outre-mer because of a constitutional reform on March 28, 2003.
As of March 31, 2011, there are five of these communities:
French Polynesia, with a great degree of autonomy, two symbolic manifestations of which are the title of the President of French Polynesia (Le president de la Polynesie francaise) and the territory's additional designation as a pays d'outre-mer. Legislature: Assembly of French Polynesia.
Saint-Barthelemy
Saint-Martin
Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, a group of islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada, which has a Territorial Council.
Wallis and Futuna in the Pacific Ocean, which is the only inhabited part of France that is not divided into communes.
Other websites
Official site
past and current developments of France's overseas administrative divisions like collectivite d'outre-mer (French language)
Subdivisions of France
Greenville, Texas

Greenville is a city of Texas in the United States. It is the county seat of Hunt County.
Cities in Texas
County seats in Texas
Villiers-sur-Marne

Villiers-sur-Marne is a commune. It is in the Val-de-Marne department in France. In 2019, 28,895 people lived there.
The commune is in the eastern suburbs of Paris, from the center.
Communes in Val-de-Marne
Mind control wasp

Hymenoepimecis argyraphaga is a Costa Rican parasitoid wasp whose host is the spider Plesiometa argyra. The wasp modifies the spider's web building behavior to make a web of very strong lines. This supports the wasp's cocoon without breaking in the rain.
Reproduction
The adult female wasp temporarily paralyzes the spider and lays an egg on its abdomen. The egg hatches into a larva. The larva sucks the spider's blood through small holes, while the spider goes on about its normal web building and insect catching behavior.
When the larva is ready to pupate, it injects a chemical into the spider. This causes the spider to build a web whose design is completely different from any it has ever made. Then the spider sits still in the middle of the web.
The wasp larva then moults, kills the spider with a poison and sucks its body dry before discarding it and building a cocoon that hangs from the middle of the web the spider has just built. The larva pupates inside the cocoon, then emerges to mate and begin the cycle over again.
References
Wasps
Parasitoids
Gansu

Gansu () is a province of the People's Republic of China. The capital is Lanzhou, in the southeast part of the province.
It has an area of 454,430 km2. As of 2010 about 25,575,000 people were living here; in 2018, the population is 26,257,000.
Most people of Gansu are Han Chinese.
The province is mountainous in the south but flat in the north.
The Gobi Desert lies partly in Gansu, and the Yellow River flows in the south.
It contains the geographical centre of China.
Gansu Province has a dry continental climate with cold winters and hot summers.
Gansu Wind Farm, the world's biggest wind farm on land, is located here.
References
Other websites
Gansu Government Website
Provinces of China
Electoral district of Hastings

Hastings is an electoral district of Victoria. It was created in 2002. It is in the Eastern Victoria Region.
Election results
References
Hastings
Castilleja School

Castilleja is an all-girls school in Palo Alto, California. It was founded in 1907 by Mary Lockey. Castilleja is the only non-religious all-girls middle and high school in the San Francisco Bay Area. It goes from grades 6-12. Each grade has an average of 60 students. The school's motto is "Women Learning. Women Leading."
The schedule
The schedule for the school rotates on a 5-day basis from Monday to Friday. Each class connects with a number. On any given day, there might be a different combination of numbers. The school day starts at 8:00 AM and 3:15 PM. Every Wednesday, there is something called Late Start. This means that the school day starts one hour later.
Uniform
Every girl at Castilleja is required to wear a school uniform. There is a blue skirt or navy blue pants, and either a navy, red, or white polo. For the fitness class, the girls have to wear black shorts or leggings and a uniform shirt.
Middle School
The girls learn multiple subjects in middle school. Middle school goes through 6th, 7th, and 8th grade. Every student learns a language. They can learn either Spanish, French, or Mandarin. They take Fitness and Wellness. They learn physical and mental lessons. The students also are required to take English, history, math, and science. Each subject class consists of 14-15 students and one or two teachers.
High School
The high schoolers can take a variety of classes, available on a course catalog. Classes vary depending on the level. Students can take APs or regular level courses.
References
Schools in California
1907 establishments in the United States
1900s establishments in California
Jerrie Mock

Jerrie Mock (November 22, 1925 - September 30, 2014) was the first woman who flew around the world by herself. She did so in 1964. She flew a single engine Cessna 180. It was named "Spirit of Columbus" and nicknamed "Charlie". The trip began inMarch 19, 1964 in Columbus, Ohio. It ended on April 17, 1964, also in Columbus. The trip took 29 days.
Mock was born in Newark, Ohio. She was found dead in Quincy, Florida.
References
People from Ohio
American aviators
1925 births
2014 deaths
Cherbourg-Octeville

Cherbourg-Octeville is a city in France. It is in the region of Normandy, and in the Departement of Manche. 43,000 people live inside the city and 117,000 near or in the city.
On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Cherbourg-en-Cotentin.
Sister cities
Cherbourg is twinned with:
Poole, England
Bremerhaven, Germany
Deva, Romania
References
Communes in Manche
Former communes in France
Subprefectures in France
Robson Ponte

Robson Ponte (born 6 November 1976) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Urawa Red Diamonds.
Club career statistics
|-
|1995||rowspan="2"|Juventus||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|1996||||1||0||||||||||||||1||0
|-
|1997||America-SP||||||||||||||||||||||
|-
|1998||rowspan="2"|Guarani||rowspan="2"|Serie A||16||7||||||||||||||16||7
|-
|1999||16||9||||||||||||||16||9
|-
|1999/00||rowspan="2"|Bayer Leverkusen||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||24||2||||||||||||||24||2
|-
|2000/01||12||0||||||||||||||12||0
|-
|2001/02||rowspan="2"|Wolfsburg||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||31||8||||||||||||||31||8
|-
|2002/03||30||5||||||||||||||30||5
|-
|2003/04||rowspan="2"|Bayer Leverkusen||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||20||2||||||||||||||20||2
|-
|2004/05||23||2||||||||||||||23||2
|-
|2005||rowspan="6"|Urawa Red Diamonds||rowspan="6"|J. League 1||16||8||5||0||3||1||colspan="2"|-||24||9
|-
|2006||22||4||4||2||3||0||colspan="2"|-||29||6
|-
|2007||33||7||0||0||2||0||12||5||47||12
|-
|2008||16||1||2||1||2||0||4||0||24||2
|-
|2009||28||4||1||0||4||1||colspan="2"|-||33||5
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||||||
33||16||||||||||||||33||16
140||19||||||||||||||140||19
115||24||12||3||14||2||16||5||157||34
288||59||12||3||14||2||16||5||330||69
|}
References
Urawa Red Diamonds
1976 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Maned wolf

The maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) is the largest canid of South America. Its markings are like those of foxes, but it is not a fox or a wolf. It is the only type in the genus Chrysocyon, which means "golden dog".
The maned wolf has long, thin legs and thick reddish fur. The maned wolf is an omnivore. It has an important job in the seed dispersal of fruits, especially the wolf apple. The maned wolf usually lives alone. It communicates with other maned wolves by giving a loud call known as "roar-barking".
The maned wolf lives in open and semi open habitats, especially in grasslands. It lives in south, central-west, and southeastern Brazil, Paraguay, northern Argentina, and Bolivia, southeastern Peru. It is very rare in Uruguay. It is a near threatened species.
References
Canids
Mammals of South America
Lincoln, Illinois

Lincoln is a city in Illinois in the United States.
Cities in Illinois
County seats in Illinois
Dani Rodrik

Dani Rodrik (born August 14, 1957 in Istanbul, Turkey) is a Turkish economist in the fields of international economics, economic development and political economy.
He is a professor of economics at John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, where he teaches economics to university students.
Life and work
Dani Rodrik was born in Istanbul, Turkey to a Sephardic Jewish (Jews who come from Spain) family.
He studied at the high schools, Robert College in Istanbul and Ecole Normale Superieure in Paris and then at the universities, Harvard University and Princeton University in the United States of America learning economics. He graduated from Harvard University and got his Ph.D. and Professorship from Princeton University.
Dani Rodrik is one of the most important Turkish economists and has made several important contributions to economics. He looks at international economics, economic development and political economy, and has published many articles about them. The main questions of his research are: what makes a good economic policy and why some governments are better than others in adopting it.
He does not like globalization, because he feels it only helps rich people get richer by making poor people poorer and that people lose their jobs. He also thinks that international organizations like the World Bank and the IMF have made it harder for poorer countries to get richer, or even do not allow them to get richer. He writes critical articles against globalization.
Other websites
Dani Rodrik's home page
Who is Dani Rodrik
1957 births
Living people
Turkish economists
European Jews
Harvard University alumni
Jewish academics
People from Istanbul
Princeton University alumni
Open set

In set theory an open set is a set where all elements have the same properties. Simply put, an open set is a set that does not include its edges or endpoints. For each point in the set, you can make a bubble around that point, such that all points in the bubble are also in the set.
On the other hand, a closed set includes all its edges or endpoints. A set that includes some of its edges or endpoints is neither open nor closed.
An open set is very similar to an open interval.
Examples
The set (0,1) is open. If we choose a very small value, there will always be a small bubble which are all in the set (0,1).
If we choose a very small value h (0,1), we can make a bubble , in which all the values are in (0,1).
However, [0,1] is closed. If we choose the value 0, and choose a very small value k, 0-k [0,1], which means that it's closed.
References
Set theory
Topology
Fly orchid

The fly orchid, Ophrys insectifera, is a flower which uses scent for mimicry.
The plant uses scent to mimic the wasps' female sexual pheromones. This attracts male wasps. The wasps pollinate the flowers as they try to mate with them.
It is a remarkable example of sexually deceptive pollination and floral mimicry. The plant is pollinated by only two species of wasp of the genus Argogorytes.
The soil the orchid grows in is poor, and it needs mycorrhiza to help it get nutrients.
References
Orchids
Wasps
Courtemaîche

Courtemaiche was a municipality of the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland. On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Courtemaiche, Buix and Montignez merged into the new municipality of Basse-Allaine.
Former municipalities of Jura
Boliden

Boliden is a locality in Skelleftea Municipality in Vasterbotten County in Sweden. In 2010, 1,566 people lived there. It is located 28,5 kilometers from the town of Skelleftea. Swedish mining company Boliden AB was established here.
References
Other websites
Settlements in Vasterbotten County
Göztepe S.K.

Goztepe Spor Kulubu (, Goztepe Sports Club) also known as Goztepe, is a Turkish sports club based in the Goztepe and Guzelyali neighborhoods of Izmir.
The club became the Turkish champions in 1950. In 1969 Goztepe became the first Turkish football team to play a semi-final in European competitions.
References
2000s establishments in Turkey
2008 establishments in Asia
2008 establishments in Europe
Turkish football clubs
Pantanal

The Pantanal is the world's largest wetland or swamp.
It covers a region of 140,000 km2, larger than the area covered by the country Greece.
The Pantanal is in South America and shared by Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay.
There are many threats to the Pantanal such as pollution, mercury from gold mining and ranching. Although the Pantanal can wash some of the chemicals away, the increased amount is becoming a concern.
In winter nearly 80% of the area is flooded.
References
Geography of Bolivia
Geography of Brazil
Biosphere reserves
Wetlands
Ecoregions
Geography of Paraguay
Barbara Boxer

Barbara Boxer (born November 11, 1940) is an American politician. She was the United States Senator from California from 1993 to 2017. She is a member of the Democratic Party and has been on the senate since January 1993.
Before that, she was in the United States House of Representatives. She was also on the Board of Supervisors of Marin County, California.
In January 2015, Boxer announced she will not be running for re-election in the 2016 senate elections and also announced her retirement from politics. California Attorney General Kamala Harris was elected to replace her.
Early life
Boxer was born in Brooklyn, New York City. She attended Brooklyn College.
Personal life
Her daughter, Nicole Boxer married Tony Rodham (the brother of former First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton) at the White House in 1994. They divorced in 2000.
References
1940 births
Living people
Politicians from Brooklyn
United States senators from California
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Franklin, Indiana

Franklin is a city in the state of Indiana, in the United States.
Cities in Indiana
County seats in Indiana