pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Nights (song)

"The Nights" is a progressive house/folktronica song by Swedish DJ Avicii. It was released on December 1, 2014. It is from Avicii's extended play, The Days / Nights EP. It features vocals from singer-songwriter Nicholas Furlong. Furlong stated that it was an ode to his father. This idea came to him when he met his father at a bar in Ireland.
References
2014 songs
Avicii songs
Sup'Internet

Sup'Internet is a French private graduate school. It teaches things to do with the Internet. It was founded in 2011. It is in Paris.
The school has three courses, graphic design, internet management and web technologies and delivers a Bachelor's degree. It is one of the two schools in France (the other one is the Ecole europeenne des metiers de l'Internet) entirely meant for teaching things about the Internet.
References
Other websites
Official website
Technical colleges and universities in Paris
2011 establishments in France
Maker of Men

Maker of Men is a 1931 American drama movie directed by Edward Sedgwick and starring Jack Holt, Richard Cromwell, Joan Marsh, John Wayne, Natalie Moorhead. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures.
Other websites
1931 drama movies
1930s American drama movies
Movies directed by Edward Sedgwick
Columbia Pictures movies
Pekka Haavisto

Pekka Olavi Haavisto (born 23 March 1958) is a Finnish politician. He is a member of the Green League. He became the Minister for Foreign Affairs since 2019.
Haavisto ran for President of Finland in 2012 and 2018. Haavisto became the first openly gay candidate to run for the presidency of Finland.
References
1958 births
Living people
LGBT politicians
Finnish politicians
Gay men
Natalya Ryzhova-Alenicheva

Ekaterina Zubacheva is a Russian water polo player. She played for the Russian women's national water polo team in the 2006 Women's European Water Polo Championships, 2007 World Aquatics Championships, and 2009 World Aquatics Championships.
References
1987 births
Living people
Russian water polo players
London Calling

London Calling is the third studio album by the English punk rock band The Clash. It was released in 1979 (1980 in the U.S).
The album represented a significant change in The Clash's musical style, which now featured major elements of ska, funk, pop, soul, jazz, rockabilly and reggae far more prominently than in their previous two albums.
Track listing
All lead vocals by Joe Strummer, except where noted.
On the original version of the album, "Train in Vain" was not listed on the sleeve, nor the label on the record itself, but a sticker indicating the track was affixed to the outer cellophane wrapper. It was also scratched into the vinyl in the run-off area on the fourth side of the album. Later editions included the song in the track listing.
References
1979 albums
The Clash albums
Punk albums
Reggae albums
Mid central vowel

The mid central vowel is a sound used in some spoken languages. It is in English, in words like about, potato and support.
Vowels
Foucault pendulum

The Foucault pendulum, or Foucault's pendulum (named after the French physicist Leon Foucault) was pendulum created as an experiment to show the rotation of the Earth.
The experiment
On January 3, 1851, Foucault did the following experiment: He mounted a 2 metre long pendulum, and let it swing, in the basement of his house. On the floor, he marked the axis, along which the pendulum was swinging. After some time, he noticed, that the pendulum no longer swung along the axis he had marked on the floor, but on an different axis. When he tried to explain this, he considered, what could have caused the axis to change. He considered gravity. Gravity could not have caused the axis to change, as it only acts vertically. There were no other forces acting on the pendulum. So: according to Newton's laws, the pendulum did not change the axis it was swinging in. So it was the floor (or the earth) that changed this axis, because it rotated.
Vincenzo Viviani (1662-1703) had made similar observations, but he didn't attribute them to the rotation of the earth.
On the 3rd of February 1851, he repeated the experiment, with a 12m pendulum at the Paris observatory. On 26th of March he presented the experiment to the public: At the Pantheon, he used a 67m long pendulum, with a weight of 28kg. At the bottom of the pendulum, there was a tip that left a trace in a sandbox. This was an easy way to show the earth's rotation to common people. The metal ball of this pendulum still exists: Until 1946, it was stored at the Conservatoire national des arts et metiers, then it was returned to the Pantheon.
Caspar Garthe repeated the experiment at Cologne Cathedral, Friedrich Magnus Schwerd did in Speyer Cathedral. Their results were deceptive, and not nearly as good as those obtained in Paris. In 1879, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes wrote his thesis on the subject, doing extra calculations on the exact magnitude of the effect. In his thesis, he also pointing out the problems the people had encountered in Cologne and Speyer.
An exact copy of the original has been operating in the Pantheon since 1995. It takes 31h 50min to do a full rotation (of 360 degrees).
Because a Foucault pendulum is an easy way to show the rotation of the earth, such devices can be found in many science museums around the world today.
References
Pendulums
Tiffany James

Tiffany Donnama James is a athlete from Jamaica. James competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics. She was born on 31 January 1997.
References
Other websites
1997 births
Living people
Jamaican sprinters
Jamaican Olympians
Makoto Takeya

is a Japanese professional athlete. He is best known as a football player.
Club statistics
|-
|2001||Mito Hollyhock||J. League 2||19||0||||||||||||
19||0||||||||||||
19||0||||||||||||
|}
References
1977 births
Living people
Footballers from Kanagawa Prefecture
Sea Cadet of Northern Fleet

Sea Cadet of Northern Fleet () is a 1973 Soviet drama movie directed by Vladimir Rogovoy. It stars Algis Arlauskas, Marat Serazhetdinov, and Igor Sklyar.
References
Other websites
Soviet movies
1973 movies
Soviet drama movies
Semavi Eyice

Mustafa Semavi Eyice (December 9, 1922 in Istanbul, Turkey - May 28, 2018 in Istanbul, Turkey) was a Turkish art historian and archaeologist. He worked in the study of Byzantine and Ottoman art in Istanbul. Professor Eyice was thought as the pioneer of Byzantine studies in Turkey.
References
Writers from Istanbul
1922 births
2018 deaths
Archaeologists
Turkish historians
Turkish academics
Istanbul University alumni
British Rail 18100

British Rail 18100 was a prototype main line gas turbine-electric locomotive built for British Railways in 1951. It was built by Metropolitan Vickers, Manchester. It was ordered by the Great Western Railway in the 1940s, but construction was delayed by World War II. It spent its working life on the Western Region of British Railways, operating express passenger services from London Paddington station.
Rebuilding
It was rebuilt as an electric locomotive in 1958 and became British Rail Class 80. It was scrapped in 1973.
British Railways gas turbine locomotives
Co-Co locomotives
Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali

Tun Dr. Siti Hasmah binti Haji Mohamad Ali (born 12 July 1926) is the wife of the 4th and 7th Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad. She served as wife of the Prime Minister of Malaysia for 22 years from 1981 to 2003. She is the oldest living wife of a former Malaysian prime minister.
From 10 May 2018 until 24 February 2020, she was the wife of the Prime Minister again while also serving as a chancellor of the Multimedia University of Malaysia.
Early life
Siti Hasmah was born in Klang, Selangor, on 12 July 1926 in the family where her father works as a government officer. She has ten siblings where she is the sixth child. She is a Malay from a Minangkabau clan from Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
Education
Her high school is SMK St. Mary. She received her Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery degree (MBBS)from the University of Malaya,King Edward VII College of Medicine in Singapore.
Career
After her study, she immediately joined the national health service of Malaysia. When her husband raised to power, she resigned to give full support to her husband.
Personal life
She met her husband in college and they got married in 1956. They were blessed with seven children ; Marina, Mirzan, Melinda, Mokhzani, Mukhriz, Maizura and Mazhar. She mainly emphasised on improving public health and literacy, help with family planning and improve awareness of the dangers of drug abuse.
Awards
She is the first Prime Minister of Malaysia's wife to receive a Tun-ship
References
1926 births
Living people
First Ladies
Malaysian people
Limbic system

The limbic system is a group of structures in the brain. These structures cover both sides of the thalamus, right under the cerebrum. It is not a separate system, but a collection of structures from the cerebrum, diencephalon, and midbrain. These structures include the hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, cingulate gyrus, nucleus accumbens and part of the thalamus. It supports many different functions, including emotion, behaviour, motivation, long-term memory, and olfaction.
References
Anatomy of the brain
Crypto.com Arena

Crypto.com Arena, originally known as Staples Center, is an indoor multi-purpose arena in downtown Los Angeles, California. It is home to three basketball teams--the Los Angeles Lakers and Los Angeles Clippers of the NBA and Los Angeles Sparks of the WNBA--plus the Los Angeles Kings of the NHL in ice hockey. They have the Grammy Awards here every year. The building hosted World Wrestling Entertainment's pay-per-view WrestleMania 21 in 2005.
On December 25, 2021, the arena was renamed Crypto.com Arena, for a Singapore-based cryptocurrency exchange that bought the naming rights.
Home teams
Los Angeles Kings (NHL)
Los Angeles Clippers (NBA)
Los Angeles Lakers (NBA)
Los Angeles Sparks (WNBA)
Notes
Sports buildings in Los Angeles
WrestleMania host
Los Angeles Kings
María Fernanda Espinosa

Maria Fernanda Espinosa Garces (born September 7, 1964) is an Ecuadorian politician and diplomat. She was the President of the United Nations General Assembly for the 73rd session, office which started in September 2018. Her job ended in September 2019. Besides her political career she is also a poet and essayist.
References
1964 births
Living people
Ambassadors
Presidents of the United Nations General Assembly
Ecuadorian politicians
American Library Association

The American Library Association (ALA) is an organization which does not receive money. It is in the United States. It helps libraries and library education all over the world. It is the oldest and largest library association in the world. It has more than 62,000 members.
Justin Winsor, Charles Ammi Cutter, Samuel Swett Green, James L. Whitney, Melvil Dewey, Fred B. Perkins and Thomas W. Bicknell began the organization in 1876. It began in Philadelphia, but its head office is in Chicago now. Anybody can join, but most of its members are librarians. Most members live and work in the United States. Members from other countries make up about 3.5% of the members.
References
Other websites
American Library Association
ALA Freedom to Read Statement
ALA Intellectual Freedom Q&A
ALA's "Resolution on the USA Patriot (sic) Act and Related Measures that Infringe on the Rights of Library Users"
About Charles Ammi Cutter
1876 establishments in the United States
Educational organizations based in the United States
Libraries in the United States
Non-profit organizations of the United States
Joseph Cook

Sir Joseph Cook (7 December 1860 - 30 July 1947) was the sixth Prime Minister of Australia from June 1913 until September 1914. He was Prime Minister when World War I started. He moved to London when he retired.
1860 births
1947 deaths
Cook, Joseph
People from Staffordshire
Leaders of the Opposition (Australia)
Commonwealth Liberal Party politicians
Treasurers of Australia
Politicians from Sydney
Emilio Butragueño

Emilio Butragueno (born 22 July 1963) is a former football player. He has played for Spain national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1983/84||rowspan="12"|Real Madrid||rowspan="12"|La Liga||10||4
|-
|1984/85||29||10
|-
|1985/86||31||10
|-
|1986/87||35||11
|-
|1987/88||32||12
|-
|1988/89||33||15
|-
|1989/90||32||10
|-
|1990/91||35||19
|-
|1991/92||35||14
|-
|1992/93||34||9
|-
|1993/94||27||8
|-
|1994/95||8||1
|-
|1995/96||rowspan="3"|Celaya||rowspan="3"|Primera Division||28||14
|-
|1996/97||26||2
|-
|1997/98||31||10
341||123
85||26
426||149
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1984||2||1
|-
|1985||6||2
|-
|1986||12||8
|-
|1987||7||2
|-
|1988||12||5
|-
|1989||7||1
|-
|1990||11||7
|-
|1991||8||0
|-
|1992||4||0
|-
!Total||69||26
|}
References
1963 births
Living people
Footballers from Madrid
Dalaas

Dalaas is a municipality in the district of Bludenz in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg.
References
Settlements in Vorarlberg
Bijeljina Region

Bijeljina Region is one of seven regions in the Republika Srpska entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The capital city of this region is Bijeljina.
Bijeljina Region is located in the northeast of the country.
Regions of Republika Srpska
Selby Abbey

Selby Abbey is an Anglican parish church in the town of Selby, North Yorkshire. It was founded by Benedict in 1069 and built by the de Lacy family.
Other websites
Official website of Selby Abbey.
Views of Selby Abbey.
Abbeys
Anglican churches in England
North Yorkshire
11th-century buildings and structures
Phenomenology

Phenomenology is a way of thinking about ourselves. Instead of asking about what we really are, it focuses on phenomena. These are experiences that we get from the senses - what we see, taste, smell, touch, hear, and feel. Phenomenology does not ask if what we are seeing is actually there: for example it is not where we see an object (whether in real life, a dream or a hallucination) that is important, but it is the significance of the object that is important to the phenomenologist. It also does not ask if we are missing something, or if we have all the facts. Instead, phenomenologists (those who do phenomenology) believe we should look at the world just as it appears to us.
Martin Heidegger, a famous phenomenologist, said that philosophers should be looking at how we live in our "average everydayness." In his book Being and Time, he uses many examples of how people live in their normal lives. Jean-Paul Sartre did the same in his book Being and Nothingness. For example, he writes about meeting a friend at a cafe. However, the friend, named Pierre, never shows up. Sartre writes that he can feel the absence of Pierre in the cafe. Because of this, he says that non-Pierre (or the lack of Pierre) is something that exists, at least for him. It exists because he can feel it.
References
Books
Philosophical movements and positions
Spelaeophryne

Spelaeophryne methneri is a species of frog in the family Brevicipitidae. It is the only species in the genus Spelaeophryne.
It lives in Tanzania. Scientists think it might live in Malawi too but they are not sure.
It lives ins subtropical and tropical forests and savanna grasslands.
References
Frogs of Africa
Anguis fragilis

Anguis fragilis (the slow-worm, or blindworm) is a lizard which is limbless (meaning it has no legs or arms). It has a wide distribution in Europe and Asia, and is one of the few reptiles native to Britain.
When a slow-worm is in danger it can shed (break off) its tail and escape. It can then grow back a new, shorter tail, which it cannot shed.
The female often has a stripe along the back and the male may have blue spots.
Instead of laying eggs, the females give birth to live young (viviparous birth). In the days leading up to birth the female can often be seen basking in the sun on a warm road.
Slow-worms are often called snakes, but they are not. Slow-worms can blink, but snakes cannot. They shed their skin in patches like other lizards, rather than the whole skin as most snakes do.
Adult slow-worms grow to be about 50 centimetres long. They are known for their very long life. One was said to have been fifty four years old.
There are not as many slow-worms as there used to be. Many places where they used to live have been built on. In gardens they can be killed by cats.
References
Anguids
Reptiles of Europe
Marcolino Moco

Marcolino Jose Carlos Moco (born June 19, 1953) is an Angolan politician. He was the 3rd Prime Minister of Angola from December 2, 1992, until June 3, 1996.
References
1953 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Angola
List of objects dropped on New Year's Eve

On New Year's Eve, several places (mostly in North America) mark the starts for New Years by lowering or raising an object. Many of these events have strong similarity to the Times Square New Year's celebrations that began in New York City back in December 1907 when they rang in 1908. Three years before the Ball Drop got started was when Times Square began celebrating New Year's. The Times Square Ball lowering events take place one minute before midnight their time.
Between 1 1/2 billion and 2 billion people celebrate while looking at the New York Times Square Ball Dropping.
Atlantic and Eastern Times
Other places in the United States and Canada celebrate with other drops/object lowering and raising. These include the Miami Orange Drop, a similar New Year's Eve dropping in Orlando, a pineapple symbol lowered in Sarasota, a sardine symbol lowering for Eastport, Maine. They also drop a maple leaf symbol on the Atlantic Time celebrating when the New Year begins from there.
In the city of York, Pennsylvania, white roses are lowered almost each December 31.
In Buffalo, New York another ball is dropped. The drop is, though, performed by manual operation.
Central, Mountain and Pacific Time regions
In Fort Smith, Arkansas at Garrison Avenue and 6th Street, a Ball Drop celebration almost like New York is performed. In New Orleans, fleur de lys are brought down. The fleur de lys drops are shown on Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve almost every New Years Eve Night. Tulsa, Oklahoma also performs a Central Time Area Ball Drop on New Years Eve.
In Seattle, Washington, when New Year's Eve celebrations are performed, the Space Needle's elevators are raised (sent up).
COVID-19 cancelations
In December 2020 in most places, and for some the following year, New Year's raising and lowering parties were canceled or restricted for COVID-19 reasons and scheduling interference related to the COVID-19 situation.
References
New Year
Manhattan
Vasiliy Mihaylovich Peskov

Vasiliy Mikhailovich Peskov (March 14, 1930 - August 12, 2013) was a Russian writer, journalist, photographer, traveler and ecologist.
He has worked in the Russian newspaper Komsomolskaya Pravda since 1956. From 1975 until 1990 he conducted the TV programme "In the World of Animals" on Soviet TV.
Peskov was born on March 14, 1930 in Orlovo, Central Black Earth Oblast (now Voronezh Oblast), Soviet Union.
In 1964, he was awarded a Lenin Prize. In 1990, he was among the winners of UNEP's Global 500 Roll of Honour.
Peskov died on August 12, 2013 in Moscow, Russia. The cause of his death is currently unknown. He was 83 years old.
Related pages
List of ecologists
References
Other websites
ZAGLIaDYVAIuShchII V PRIRODU
Adult Award Winner in 1990
mosdepkultura
1930 births
2013 deaths
Russian writers
Russian journalists
Ecologists
Russian photographers
Unexplained deaths
Junia Lepida

Junia Lepida (AD 18 - 65) was a noblewoman in the Roman Empire. Junia was born in the family of Aemilia Lepida and Marcus Junius Silanus Torquatus. She was married to Gaius Cassius Longinus and had two children.
Sources
Edmund Groag, Arthur Stein, Leiva Petersen, et alia (edd.), Prosopographia Imperii Romani, Berlin, 1933 - 2016. (PIR2 I 861)
18 births
65 deaths
David Hyde Pierce

David Hyde Pierce (born April 3, 1959) is an American actor, comedian and writer. He is known for his role as Dr. Niles Crane in Frasier. He won four Emmy Awards for his role as Dr. Niles Crane and also won two Screen Actors Guild Award, a TCA Award, and a Tony Award.
Pierce was born on April 3, 1959 in Saratoga Springs, New York. He studied at Yale University. Pierce is openly gay. He has been married to Brian Hargrove since 2008.
Filmography
References
Other websites
1959 births
Living people
Actors from New York (state)
American movie actors
American radio actors
American stage actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Comedians from New York (state)
Emmy Award winning actors
Gay men
LGBT actors
LGBT comedians
LGBT people from New York (state)
LGBT writers
Screen Actors Guild Award winners
Tony Award winning actors
Writers from New York (state)
Governor of New York

The Governor of the State of New York is the chief executive of the U.S. state of New York. The governor is the head of the executive branch of New York's state government and the commander-in-chief of the state's military and naval forces. The officeholder is known as His/Her Excellency while in office.
References
1777 establishments in New York (state)
Dracohors

Dracohors is a group in taxonomy, the system scientists use to put living things in groups. It is below a phylum but above an order. It is a clade. The clade Dracohors contains dinosaurs, birds and Siledauridae.
The name dracohors comes from Latin: draco for "dragon" and hors for "group" or "circle."
Related pages
Dinosaurs
List of dinosaurs
Dinosaur brains and intelligence
K/T extinction event
References
Taxonomy
Taichi Sato

is a former Japanese football player.
Club statistics
|-
|1996||rowspan="3"|Urawa Red Diamonds||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|1997||6||0||0||0||0||0||6||0
|-
|1998||0||0||||||||||||
|-
|1999||rowspan="2"|Omiya Ardija||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||19||2||||||||||||
|-
|2000||7||1||||||||||||
|-
|2001||Montedio Yamagata||J. League 2||9||2||||||||||||
41||5||||||||||||
41||5||||||||||||
|}
References
1977 births
Living people
Footballers from Saitama Prefecture
Walk On By

"Walk On By" is a very melancholy song. It was composed by Burt Bacharach. It was first sung by Dionne Warwick. It was released in April 1964. It hit #1 on United States R&B charts.
Isaac Hayes, Melissa Manchester, Cyndi Lauper, and others covered the song. Manchester had her version during 1989.
1964 songs
Pop songs
Dionne Warwick songs
Isaac Hayes songs
The Stranglers songs
The Beach Boys songs
Cyndi Lauper songs
Seal songs
Gloria Gaynor songs
Gabrielle songs
The Average White Band songs
Jo Jo Zep & The Falcons songs
Alicia Keys songs
Melissa Manchester songs
Michael McDonald (musician) songs
Hurricane Keith

Hurricane Keith was the strongest hurricane of the 2000 Atlantic hurricane season. Keith struck Belize and Mexico before it died on October 6. Keith killed 24 people and caused $225 million in damage. Most of this damage happened in Belize. It was because it struck Belize while stronger than when it struck Mexico.
Meteorological history
The beginning of the hurricane was from a tropical wave that moved into the Atlantic Ocean off of Africa on September 16. The wave moved across much of the Caribbean Sea, until September 28, at that time it became Tropical Depression Fifteen. Fifteen moved a little northwest and became Tropical Storm Keith on September 29.
Keith changed its course and moved west. On September 30 Keith became a hurricane. Keith rapidly gained strength and later on September 30, Keith reached its highest wind speed with which at 140 mph. The hurricane was blocked and was forced to make a loop.
Since Keith was close to land, the block caused Keith to weaken a lot. On October 2 as a weak hurricane, Keith made landfall in Ambergris Caye, Belize. The next day, Keith made another landfall in Belize, this time in Belize City as a very strong tropical storm.
Keith moved over Belize and the Yucatan Peninsula and weakened to a tropical depression. Tropical Depression Keith moved off of the Peninsula and into the Gulf of Mexico, where it quickly became a tropical storm again.
On October 4, Keith again became a hurricane. Hurricane Keith made its last landfall in Mexico near Tampico in Tamaulipas on October 5. Keith weakened over Mexico until it finally died on October 6.
Retirement
The name Keith was retired in the Spring of 2001. The name Kirk was put on the list in 2006, but Kirk was not used, so it must be used again in 2012.
Reference
2000s disasters in North America
2000s in Belize
2000s in Mexico
2000 in North America
2000s in weather
Category 4 Atlantic hurricanes
Retired tropical cyclone names
Jan Hus

Jan Hus, or John Huss (c.1370 - 6 July 1415) was born in Husinec, Bohemia (now Czech Republic). He was a Bohemian religious thinker and reformer who started a religious movement that was strongly influenced by the beliefs of the English scholar John Wycliffe.
Hus studied at the University of Prague. Around 1400, he became a Catholic priest and soon accepted a position of preaching in Czech, the language that is spoken in Bohemia. While preaching, he studied Wycliffe's writings and came to agree with them, especially because of how real they were.
In 1403, Hus asked the church to undo the ban on Wycliffe's writings, and he translated them into Czech. The church, led by Rchbishop Zbynek Zajic, refused. In 1410, Zajic ordered for Hus's writings be burned and foe Hus and his followers, the Hussites, to be forced out of the church. Hus was excommunicated in 1411, condemned by the Council of Constance, and burned at the stake on 6 July 1415 in Konstanz, Germany.
When Hus was killed, his followers revolted and fought against the Catholics but were defeated in 1431.
Hus' teachings
The (Catholic) Church is made of all those meant to be saved (ecclesia est universitas praedestinatorum). It is not made of the hierarchy of priests.
Christ is the head of the Church, not the Pope. It is therefore not necessary to obey the pope to be saved.
Many of his teachings were later taken up by Martin Luther.
References
1369 births
1415 deaths
Christian ministers
Christianity of the Middle Ages
Czech people
Konstanz
People excommunicated by the Catholic Church
People executed by burning
Roman Catholics
Khan Noonien Singh

Khan Noonien Singh, better known as Khan, is a fictional villain in the Star Trek science fiction franchise. The character first appeared in the 1967 Star Trek: The Original Series episode "Space Seed".<ref>[http://www.chakoteya.net/StarTrek/24.htm Space Seed"] (script)</ref> He also appeared in the 1982 movie Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan. In both of those, he was portrayed by Ricardo Montalban. In the 2013 movie Star Trek Into Darkness'', he was played by Benedict Cumberbatch.
References
Star Trek characters
Kurt Liebrecht

Kurt "Kuddel" Liebrecht (born 24 December 1936 in Stendal) is a former East German footballer. He was a midfielder.
Liebrecht played for 1. FC Lok Stendal. He also played for the East Germany national football team.
References
http://eu-football.info
1936 births
East German sportspeople
German footballers
Living people
Sportspeople from Saxony-Anhalt
Wimmis

Wimmis is a municipality in the administrative district of Frutigen-Niedersimmental in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Official Website
Municipalities of Bern
Abu Dawud

Abu Dawud, was a Persian scholar of hadith. He was born in Sistan, eastern Iran (then Persia) and died in 889 in Basra. He collected Sunan Abu Dawud, one of the Kutub al-Sittah (six major hadith collections). Imam Abu Dawud was a follower of Hanbali while some consider him Shafi. He wrote some 21 books in total. His major works include:
Sunan Abu Dawud
Kitab al-Marasil
Risalat Abu Dawud ila Ahli Makkah; his letter to the inhabitants of Makkah describing his Sunan Abu Dawud.
References
Iranian Muslims
History of Islam
Hadith scholars
Malachi Favors

Malachi Favors (August 22, 1927 - January 30, 2004) was an American jazz bassist. He was best known for his work with the Art Ensemble of Chicago.
Favors was born on August 22, 1927 in Lexington, Mississippi. He was raised in Chicago, Illinois.
Well known records of his include Natural and the Spiritual (solo bass, 1977) and Sightsong (duets with Muhal Richard Abrams, 1975). In 1994 he played with Roman Bunka (Oud) at Berlin Jazz Fest and recorded the German Critics Poll Winner album Color me Cairo.
Favors died on January 30, 2004 in Chicago, Illinois from pancreatic cancer, aged 76.
References
Other websites
JazzWeekly.com: A Fireside Chat with Malachi Favors
1927 births
2004 deaths
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Bassists
American jazz musicians
Musicians from Mississippi
Musicians from Chicago
List of heads of government of Libya

This is a list of heads of government of Libya since independence in 1951.
Since independence, heads of government of Libya have been Prime Ministers from 1951 to 1977. Then General Secretaries of the General People's Committee from 1977 to 2011. Prime Ministers were back in the Libyan government since 2011.
Heads of Government of Libya (1951-present)
(Dates in italics indicate continuation of office)
Affiliations
Related pages
List of heads of state of Libya
References
World StatesmenLibya
Libya
Libya-related lists
Phil Alden Robinson

Phil Alden Robinson (born March 1, 1950) is an American movie director and screenwriter. His best known movies were Field of Dreams, Sneakers, and The Sum of All Fears. He was born in Long Beach, New York.
References
Other websites
1950 births
Living people
Movie directors from New York (state)
Screenwriters from New York (state)
Emmy Award winning directors
Districts of Slovakia

An okres (in English district) is an administrative unit of Slovakia.
Several districts form one region. On the other hand, one district is made of several municipalities, which are further divided into cadastral areas. The current districts exist since 1996, which at first had their own offices, but in 2004, they were abolished and replaced by the Circuit Offices, which are usually responsible for several districts (except for the Nove Zamky District, which has two Circuit Offices), reducing districts to a little more than statistical units.
Slovakia currently has 79 districts, with the city of Bratislava divided into 5 districts and the city of Kosice divided into 4 districts.
Alphabetical list of all Slovak districts
Banska Bystrica
Banska Stiavnica
Bardejov
Banovce nad Bebravou
Brezno
Bratislava I
Bratislava II, Bratislava III
Bratislava IV, Bratislava V
Bytca
Cadca
Detva
Dolny Kubin
Dunajska Streda
Galanta
Gelnica
Hlohovec
Humenne
Ilava
Kezmarok
Komarno
Kosice I
Kosice II
Kosice III
Kosice IV
Kosice - okolie
Krupina
Kysucke Nove Mesto
Levice
Levoca
Liptovsky Mikulas
Lucenec
Malacky
Martin
Medzilaborce
Michalovce
Myjava
Namestovo
Nitra
Nove Mesto nad Vahom
Nove Zamky
Partizanske
Pezinok
Piestany
Poltar
Poprad
Povazska Bystrica
Presov
Prievidza
Puchov
Revuca
Rimavska Sobota
Roznava
Ruzomberok
Sabinov
Senec
Senica
Skalica
Snina
Sobrance
Spisska Nova Ves
Stara Lubovna
Stropkov
Svidnik
Sala
Topolcany
Trebisov
Trencin
Trnava
Turcianske Teplice
Tvrdosin
Velky Krtis
Vranov nad Toplou
Zlate Moravce
Zvolen
Zarnovica
Ziar nad Hronom
Zilina
Geography of Slovakia
Break It Off

"Break It Off" is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna featuring Jamaican reggae artist Sean Paul. The song is the fourth and final single from Rihanna's second album, A Girl like Me, and was released only in the United States, Canada, and selected European territories. The song was performed during the Rockin' New Years Eve '07 television special on January 1, 2007 at Times Square in New York City. Rihanna has previously stated that she is very proud of the song. In the song, Rihanna sings only the chorus and one verse, while Sean Paul sings all rest of the song.
Promotion
"Break It Off" was performed in many different venues and settings all over the world. She performed it on New Year's Eve 2007 and at many concerts such as BBC Radio 1's Big Weekend and Live Earth. It is performed for a minute and a half at concerts as a medley because Sean Paul performs more words than Rihanna.
Chart performance
"Break It Off" was released as a digital download on online stores, including the U.S. iTunes Store on February 19, 2007 and peaked at number 2. It debuted at number eight on the US Hot Digital Songs chart, selling 75,316 downloads. This release to the digital market saw the song to jump from number fifty-two to number ten in one week on the Billboard Hot 100.
In Latin America, the song barely managed to crack the Peru Top 100 at number ninety-two.
References
2006 songs
Rihanna songs
Sean Paul songs
Willamette River

The Willamette River is a major tributary of the Columbia River, accounting for 12 to 15 percent of the Columbia's flow. The Willamette's main stem is long, lying entirely in northwestern Oregon in the United States. Flowing northward between the Oregon Coast Range and the Cascade Range, the river and its tributaries form the Willamette Valley, a basin that contains two-thirds of Oregon's population, including the state capital, Salem, and the state's largest city, Portland, which surrounds the Willamette's mouth at the Columbia.
Originally created by plate tectonics about 35 million years ago and subsequently altered by volcanism and erosion, the river's drainage basin was significantly modified by the Missoula Floods at the end of the most recent ice age. Humans began living in the watershed over 10,000 years ago. There were once many tribal villages along the lower river and in the area around its mouth on the Columbia. Indigenous peoples lived throughout the upper reaches of the basin as well.
References
Works cited
Bright, William (2004). Native American Placenames of the United States. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press. . .
Portland, Oregon
Rivers of Oregon
Qin Hanzhang

Qin Hanzhang (Chinese: Qin Han Zhang ; 19 February 1908 - 15 August 2019) was a Chinese engineer, scientist and supercentenarian. He was a known figure in the field of food science and industrial fermentation. He was also a scholar in the wine industry. In 1950, Premier Zhou Enlai appointed Qin as a counselor of the Ministry of Food Industry and the Ministry of Light Industry.
References
Other websites
Qinhanzhang.com Qin Han Zhang (Bei Jing )Jiu Wen Hua Fa Zhan You Xian Gong Si
1908 births
2019 deaths
Supercentenarians
Chinese engineers
Chinese educators
Scientists from Jiangsu
Racing

Racing is a kind of competition or contest where winning means doing or finishing something before the other contestants do.
Usually, a race involves people getting from one place to another. Running is a kind of racing where people try to be the first person to run from the where the race started to the goal or finish line. People also race in cars, boats, airplanes and other vehicles, and on animals like horses. Animals and machines can also race without people riding them. Often they race on a race track.
A race can also involve any other type of goal like eating. An example is a hot dog eating race, where people try to eat more hot dogs than the other contestants.
Some contests are not races.
Sports
Ben Bowen (disambiguation)

Ben Bowen was a US child whose family raised funds for cancer research after his death from cancer.
Ben Bowen or Benjamin Bowen may also refer to:
Ben Bowen (musician) (b. 1976), Canadian children's musician
Sir Ben Bowen Thomas (1899-1977), civil servant and Welsh university President
Benjamin John Bowen or Jackie Bowen (1915-2009), a Welsh rugby player
Related pages
Benjamin Bowen House
Teóphilo

Teophilo Bettencourt Pereira (11 April 1900 - 10 April 1988) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.
References
1900 births
1988 deaths
Brazilian footballers
May Hill Arbuthnot

May Hill Arbuthnot (August 27, 1884 - October 2, 1969) was an educator, editor, writer, and critic. She worked to support children's literature. She was listed in the American Libraries article "100 Most Important Leaders we had for the 20th Century".
References
Other websites
The May Hill Arbuthnot Honor Lecture Award
American children's writers
University of Chicago alumni
Columbia University alumni
1884 births
1969 deaths
Nero Julius Caesar

Nero Julius Caesar (AD 6-31) was an inheritor of the Roman Emperor Tiberius. Nero with his brother, Drusus, made successful political careers. Nero was a close relative of every Julio-Claudian emperor.
References
6 births
31 deaths
Lennie Mayne

Leonard Edward "Lennie" Mayne (8 November 1927 - 20 May 1977) was an Australian television director. He was best known for directing four Doctor Who serials, The Curse of Peladon (1972), The Three Doctors (1972), The Monster of Peladon (1974) and The Hand of Fear (1976). He also worked on television series such as Dr. Finlay's Casebook, Warship and The Onedin Line. He was married to actress Frances Pidgeon, with whom he had twin daughters.
Mayne died by drowning in a sailing accident on the English Channel in May 1977.
His life is documented in the film, Looking For Lennie, which is featured on the Bluray release of the Doctor Who story, The Three Doctors.
Other websites
1927 births
1977 deaths
Accidental deaths by drowning
Accidental deaths in the United Kingdom
Australian television directors
Centerville, South Dakota

Centerville is a city in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is located in Turner County, and 882 people lived there at the 2010 census. Centerville became a city in 1894.
References
Other websites
City of Centerville website
Cities in South Dakota
1894 establishments in the United States
1890s establishments in South Dakota
Tehzeeb (1971 movie)

Tehzeeb, is a Pakistani Urdu movie. It was released on November 20 1971.
The makers of this movie have been asked to change the lyrics of a reference to Misr might prove detrimental to diplomatic relations with that country. While the line Laga hai misr ka bazaar dekho changed to Laga hai husn ka bazaar dekho in the movie soundtrack, the gramophone records, already sold in good numbers, are beyond redemption.
1970s Pakistani movies
1971 movies
Urdu-language movies
John J. Farrell

John J. Farrell (1872 - July 22, 1946) was the Dairy and Food Commissioner of Minnesota in 1917 and president of the National Creamery Buttermakers' Association. By 1921 he was the secretary of National Dairy Products. He was the unsuccessful Democratic candidate in the United States Senate elections of 1924 for senator from Minnesota. He was the Minnesota Democratic state chair in 1931.
Biography
Farrell was born in 1872 in Ohio to Daniel Farrell and Mary Guyton, both Irish immigrant parents. They migrated to Minnesota in 1886. He married in August 1901 Mabel Sanborn of Faribault, Minnesota, a daughter of W. N. Sanborn.
By 1917, Farrell was the Dairy and Food Commissioner of Minnesota and president of the National Creamery Buttermakers' Association.
By 1921 Farrell was the secretary of National Dairy Products Committee. In 1924, he was the unsuccessful Democratic Candidate for U.S. Senator from Minnesota.
Farrell died on July 22, 1946 in South Harbor Township, Mille Lacs County, Minnesota.
References
Businesspeople from Ohio
1872 births
1946 deaths
Politicians from Ohio
Casapulla

Casapulla (Campanian: ) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Caserta in the Italian region Campania.
References
Settlements in Campania
Shibuya Crossing

Shibuya Crossing, or Shibuya Scramble Crossing, is a popular scramble crossing in Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan. It is located in front of the Shibuya Station Hachiko exit and stops vehicles in all directions to allow pedestrians to inundate the entire intersection. The statue of Hachiko, between the station and the intersection, is a very common meeting place and almost always crowded.
This intersection is frequently called "the most busiest pedestrian intersection in the world" and there is almost no loss of foot traffic at midnight or early morning. Road traffic jams rarely occur here even during rush hours.
According to the Shibuya Center Street in 2016, the number of pedestrians crossing the intersection was as much as 3,000 per green light (every 2 minutes). A 2014 flow measurement survey by the Shibuya Redevelopment Association estimated 260,000 pedestrians per day on week days, and 390,000 pedestrians on non-working days. Others estimate as much as 500,000 people on the busiest days. The 2012 SOTO Outdoor Media Survey estimated 1.5 million pedestrians per week.
References
Tokyo
Nastika

Astika (Sanskrit: : "orthodox") and Nastika: ("heterodox") are technical terms in Hinduism used to classify philosophical schools and persons, according to whether they accept the authority of the Vedas as supreme revealed scriptures, or not. By this definition, Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Samkhya, Yoga, Purva Mimamsa and Vedanta are classified as astika schools; while Charvaka, Jainism and Buddhism are considered nastika schools.
In non-technical usage, the term astika is sometimes loosely translated as "theist" while nastika is translated as "atheist". However this interpretation is distinct from the use of the term in Hindu philosophy. Notably even among the astika schools, samkhya<ref>"By Samkhya reasoning, the material principle itself simply evolves into complex forms, and there is no need to hold that some spiritual power governs the material principle or its ultimate source." Francis Clooney, CJ, "Restoring 'Hindu Theology' as a category in Indian intellectual discourse", in "Blackwell companion to Hinduism", Flood, Gavin (Ed.) Blackwell Publishing, 2003. </ref> and the early mimamsa school do not accept a God (see Atheism in Hinduism) while accepting the authority of the Vedas; they thus are "atheistic astika schools".
The three main heterodox schools of Indian philosophy do not base their beliefs on Vedic authority:
Buddhism
Jainism
Charvaka
The use of the term nastika to describe Buddhism and Jainism in India is explained by Gavin Flood as follows:
At an early period, during the formation of the Upanisads and the rise of Buddhism and Jainism, we must envisage a common heritage of meditation and mental discipline practiced by renouncers with varying affiliations to non-orthodox (Veda-rejecting) and orthodox (Veda-accepting) traditions.... These schools [such as Buddhism and Jainism] are understandably regarded as heterodox (nastika) by orthodox (astika) Brahmanism.
The Tantric traditions in Hinduism, have both astika and nastika lines; as Banerji writes in "Tantra in Bengal":
Tantras are ... also divided as astika or Vedic and nastika or non-Vedic. In accordance with the predominance of the deity the astika works are again divided as Sakta, Saiva, Saura, Ganapatya and Vaisnava.
Related pages
Hindu philosophy
Notes
References
Flood, Gavin (Ed.), "Blackwell companion to Hinduism", Blackwell Publishing, 2003.
Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli; and Moore, Charles A. A Source Book in Indian Philosophy''. Princeton University Press; 1957. Princeton paperback 12th edition, 1989. .
Hinduism
Philosophy
Stevenson, Alabama

Stevenson is a city in Jackson County, Alabama, United States, and is included in the Huntsville-Decatur Combined Statistical Area. As of the 2000 census, the population of the city is 1,770.
Cities in Alabama
Olive-backed forest robin

Olive-backed forest robin (Stiphrornis pyrrholaeumus) (Turdinae) is a bird discovered recently in Gabon. Hall et Moreau recognized as monotypic species merged in Forest Robin, type species S.erythrothorax, and the recent studies confirm this arrangement, i.e. the genetic distance between the two taxa does not deserve species status.
Websites
Top ten new organisms of 2008
Forest Robin
Passeri
Birds of Africa
John Muray

John Herman Muray is a retired sprinter from Indonesia. John competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics. He was born on 6 June 1978.
References
Other websites
1978 births
Living people
Indonesian sprinters
Indonesian Olympians
Jeffersonville, Kentucky

Jeffersonville is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Cities in Kentucky
Courtepin

Courtepin is a municipality of the district of See in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017, the former municipalities of Barbereche, Villarepos and Wallenried merged into Courtepin.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Fribourg
Darkhan (city)

Darkhan (Mongolian: Darkhan) is a city in Mongolia. It is in a province with the same name. It is the third largest city in the country. In 2010, the population was 74,738.
Name
Darkhan means blacksmith in Mongolian.
Economy
The city's economy is mostly industrial. Education is also an important sector of the city's economy.
History
Darkhan is a new city. It was begun on October 17, 1961.
Climate
Darkhan has a borderline humid continental climate (Dwb), close to the more typical subarctic climate (Dwc) of northern Mongolia, which is found in higher areas near the city, and only marginally wet enough to avoid qualifying as a semi-arid climate (BSk). This area has extremely cold and dry winters; however the summers are warmer and more humid.
Education
There are ten colleges in Darkhan. Many students come to Darkhan to study. There are also the Institute of Management and Development, the Regional Business Development Center and the Plant Science and Agricultural Training Research Institute.
Culture
The city has a monument to the horse-head fiddle (morinkhuur), the national instrument of Mongolia.
There is a Buddhist monastery Kharagiin monastery in a pretty log cabin in the older part of the town.
The Museum of Darkhan-Uul is the Traditional Museum of Folk Art. It has a collection of archaeological findings, traditional clothing, religious artifacts, and taxidermy.
Cities in Mongolia
1961 establishments in Asia
Establishments in Mongolia
Walter Thiel (chemist)

Walter Thiel (7 March 1949 in Treysa, Hesse - 23 August 2019) was a German theoretical chemist. He was the president of the World Association of Theoretical and Computational Chemists (WATOC) from 2011.
References
Other websites
Homepage of the Thiel group at the MPI for Coal Research
1949 births
2019 deaths
German chemists
Sylvius Leopold Weiss

Sylvius Leopold Weiss (also spelled Silvius Leopold Weiss; 12 October 1687 - 16 October 1750) was a German composer and lutenist (somebody who plays the lute).
Life
Weiss was born in Breslau, Silesia. His father, Johann Jacob Weiss, was a lute player. His brother, Johann Sigismund Weiss, was also a lute player. Weiss learned playing the lute from his father.
In 1706, he worked for Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine. He wrote his first piece of music in Dusseldorf, which was a lute sonata in C major. In 1708, Prince Alexander Sobiesky invited Weiss to Italy. He stayed in Rome with the prince's family. He might have worked with Italian composers in Rome. He had to return to Germany when the prince died.
Weiss worked for Elector Charles Philipp again. In 1718, Weiss travelled to London. In London, he gave a concert every week. In August 1718, he became a member of the court chapel in Dresden. In 1718, Weiss visited Vienna. He played for the emperor. In 1722, he was attacked by a French violinist named Petit. Petit tried to bite Weiss' right thumb off. Weiss was not hurt badly.
In 1723, Weiss went to Prague with Johann Joachim Quantz and Carl Heinrich Graun. They performed Johann Joseph Fux's opera, Constanza e fortezza. In 1728, he went to Berlin. He stayed in Berlin for three months. He taught Frederick the Great's sister, Princess Wilhelmine. Weiss also taught other lutenists. One of his students was Adam Falckenhagen.
Weiss died on 16 October 1750 in Dresden. He was buried in the Catholic Cemetery in Dresden. Weiss was the highest-paid musician in Dresden. Even so, his family was poor when he died.
Music
Weiss was one of the most important composers for the lute. He was one of the greatest players of the instrument. Even so, people forgot about Weiss' music after he died. This was because the lute was being replaced by keyboard instruments. Not everyone can read Weiss' music, because it was written in tablature notation.
A lot of Weiss' music is now lost.
Johann Sebastian Bach knew Weiss' music. He arranged a lute sonata by Weiss for violin and harpsichord.
References
1687 births
1750 deaths
18th-century German composers
Baroque composers
German lutenists