pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Only Lovers Left Alive

Only Lovers Left Alive is a 2013 British German French Greek romantic fantasy drama movie directed by Jim Jarmusch and starring Tilda Swinton, Tom Hiddleston, Mia Wasikowska, John Hurt, Jeffrey Wright, Anton Yelchin, Yasmine Hamdan.
Other websites
2013 fantasy movies
2013 romantic drama movies
British romantic drama movies
British fantasy movies
German romance movies
German fantasy movies
German drama movies
French romance movies
French fantasy movies
French drama movies
Greek movies
Movies directed by Jim Jarmusch
Daniek Hengeveld

Daniek Hengeveld (born 17 November 2002) is a Dutch professional cyclist riding with GT Krush Tunap. Hengeveld also represents Netherlands at international track cycling competitions.
On the road she won the prologue of the Belgrade GP. Later that day in the afternoon stage she broke a vertebra after a fall.
On the track she competed at the 2022 UEC European Track Championships in the individual pursuit event where she finished in sixth place in a new Dutch national record.
References
2002 births
Living people
Dutch cyclists
Sportspeople from South Holland
Sportswomen
Sulfite

A sulfite is an ion that is made of one sulfur atom and three oxygen atoms; it has a charge of two minus. Sulfite is made when sulfurous acid (a solution of sulfur dioxide in water) is deprotonated. Salts containing the sulfite ion are called sulfites. Sodium sulfite is an example. Sulfites are weak reducing agents; they can be oxidized to sulfates. They are used to preserve dried food. Some people have allergies to sulfite in food, and it makes them sick. It contains sulfur in the +4 oxidation state. Its chemical formula is SO32-.
Related pages
Sulfate
Sulfur
Ions
Maroldsweisach

Maroldsweisach is a municipality in Hassberge in Bavaria in Germany.
Endnotes
References
Franks, Norman; Bailey, Frank W.; Guest, Russell. Above the Lines: The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service, Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps, 1914-1918. Grub Street, 1993. , .
Hassberge (district)
Northern City Line

The Northern City Line is a railway line from Moorgate to Finsbury Park in London, once part of the Great Northern Electrics line. It should not be confused with the City branch of the Northern line, nor with the North London line.
Transport in the City of London
Transport in the London Borough of Islington
Railway lines of London
Gilmore City, Iowa

Gilmore City is a city in Iowa in the United States. It is in Humboldt and Pocahontas Counties. The town was first known as Blooming Prairie.
Cities in Iowa
Andrey Shumilin

Andrey Anatolyevich Shumilin (; 9 March 1970 - 8 June 2022) was a Russian wrestler. He competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics and came fourth.
Shumilin died on 8 June 2022 at a hospital in Berlin, Germany from cancer, aged 52.
References
1970 births
2022 deaths
Russian Olympians
Russian wrestlers
Cancer deaths in Germany
Luizão (footballer, born 1975)

Luiz Bombonato Goulart (born 14 November 1975) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1992||Guarani||Serie A||0||0
|-
|1993||Parana||Serie A||6||0
|-
|1994||rowspan="2"|Guarani||rowspan="2"|Serie A||27||9
|-
|1995||10||7
|-
|1996||rowspan="2"|Palmeiras||rowspan="2"|Serie A||22||10
|-
|1997||24||13
|-
|1997/98||Deportivo La Coruna||La Liga||13||4
|-
|1998||Vasco da Gama||Serie A||16||8
|-
|1999||rowspan="3"|Corinthians Paulista||rowspan="3"|Serie A||20||17
|-
|2000||10||3
|-
|2001||7||5
|-
|2002||Gremio||Serie A||0||0
|-
|2002/03||rowspan="2"|Hertha Berlin||rowspan="2"|Bundesliga||19||2
|-
|2003/04||7||2
|-
|2004||Botafogo||Serie A||15||9
|-
|2005||Sao Paulo||Serie A||5||2
|-
|2005||Nagoya Grampus Eight||J. League 1||6||4
|-
|2005||Santos||Serie A||5||0
|-
|2006||Flamengo||Serie A||11||1
|-
|2007||Sao Caetano||Serie B||5||2
183||80
13||4
26||4
6||4
228||92
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1996||1||1
|-
|1997||0||0
|-
|1998||0||0
|-
|1999||0||0
|-
|2000||1||0
|-
|2001||3||2
|-
|2002||7||1
|-
!Total||12||4
|}
References
Other websites
1975 births
Living people
Brazilian footballers
Enn Vetemaa

Enn Vetemaa (June 20, 1936 - March 28, 2017) was an Estonian writer sometimes called as a "forgotten classic" as well as "the unofficial master of the Estonian Modernist short novel".
Vetemaa published Small Novells : Tiredness (Ustalost') (1967), Vaike reekviem suupillile (written in 1967, printed in 1968), Munad hiina moodi (English: Chinese Eggs) (written - 1967-1969, printed - 1972). All together Vetemaa wrote ten "short novels"
Vetemaa worked as a playwright. His play Ohtusook viiele (Dinner for Five), first performed in 1972, and the comedy Puha Susanna ehk Meistrite kool (Saint Susanna or the School of Masters), first performed in 1974, showed Vetemaa's sharp eye and witty lines; texts without which Estonian Theatre History would not be complete.
Vetemaa was born in Tallinn, Estonia. He died in Tallinn on March 28, 2017, aged 80.
References
Other websites
Biography and Russian Translations of Vetemaa's works
1936 births
2017 deaths
European novelists
Playwrights
People from Tallinn
Dialectical materialism

Dialectical materialism is a philosophy of science, history, and nature. It was developed in Europe and is based on the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Marxist dialectics say that real-world condition such as class, labor, and socioeconomic interactions are important. This is a contrast to Hegelian dialectic, which says that contradictions in material phenomena can be resolved by analyzing them and finding a solution. Marx thought that the most effective solution to the problems caused by such contradictory phenomena was to address and rearrange the systems of social organization at the root of the problems.
Dialectical materialism accepts that the natural world changes. New qualities of being will come to light with each change. As Z. A. Jordan noted, "Engels made constant use of the metaphysical insight that the higher level of existence emerges from and has its roots in the lower; that the higher level constitutes a new order of being with its irreducible laws; and that this process of evolutionary advance is governed by laws of development which reflect basic properties of 'matter in motion as a whole'."
The formulation of the Soviet version of dialectical and historical materialism in the 1930s by Joseph Stalin and his associates (such as in Stalin's book Dialectical and Historical Materialism) became the official Soviet interpretation of Marxism.
References
Philosophy of science
First Austrian Republic

The Republic of Austria is the period of Austrian history after the signing of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye of September 1919. It went through the settlement after the end of World War I which put an end to the Republic of German-Austria. It continued up to World War II. Austria was a de-facto republic, but its official name was the Federal State of Austria.
This period was had a lot of conflict between the left and the right. The July Revolt of 1927 was an example. The Constitution of Austria was started in 1920 and changed in 1929. The Federal State (sometimes called the First Republic) came to an end with the Anschluss to Nazi Germany in 1938. Some people say the end came with the start of the Austro-fascist dictatorship in 1933/34 following the Austrian Civil War.
1919 establishments in Europe
1934 disestablishments in Europe
20th-century establishments in Austria
Former republics
Hungaroring

The Hungaroring is a Formula One racing circuit in Mogyorod, near Budapest, Hungary where the Hungarian Grand Prix is held. In 1986, it became the location of the first Formula One Grand Prix behind the Iron Curtain. Formula One leader Bernie Ecclestone wanted a race in the USSR, but was not able to make a deal with Moscow. A Hungarian friend of his recommended the city of Budapest. Formula One wanted a street circuit similar to the Circuit de Monaco to be built in the Nepliget, Budapest's largest park. The Hungarian government decided to build a new circuit (track) just outside the city near a major highway. Construction work started on October 1, 1985. the circuit was built in eight months, less time than any other Formula One circuit. The first race was held on March 24, 1986 in memory of Janos Drapal. Drapal was the first Hungarian to win a Grand Prix motorcycle race. A survey by the Hungarian national tourism office ranks Mogyorod third in venues visited by tourists in Hungary.
Description
The Hungaroring is a circuit in the Formula One Grands Prix calendar. The F1 race is normally held in the middle of a Central European summer. The circuit is generally dusty, which limits traction. This is because the track is not used very much throughout the season and it is built on sandy soil. The track is built in a natural valley. About 80 percent of the racetrack is visible from any viewing location.
The Hungaroring is a twisty style circuit, where passing difficult.
The Hungaroring is the home of Hungarian motorsport. Besides Formula One, there were also DTM, FIA GT Championship races in its history. A public drag race event takes place every month.
Fans
Most of the foreign fans are from Germany and Austria. The Hungaroring has traditionally seen a large number of Finnish fans as well. With the loss of the Austrian Grand Prix, this is the closest Formula One event for fans from other Central European countries. The race saw many spectators from Poland due to the debut of the first Polish Formula One driver, Robert Kubica.
The Hungarian Grand Prix has always been more of a promotional event than a profit raising event. The Formula One contract was extended until 2016. Tobacco advertising has been banned since 2007.
References
Other websites
Official Ticket Agency of the Hungarian F1 Grand Prix
Hungaroring - the technical requirements
A lap of the Hungaroring with Honda's Alex Wurz
Hungaroring Circuit History and Statistics
Statistics from official F1 site
BBC's circuit guide
Satellite picture by Google Maps
Ciro Pabon's Racetracks 3D views and virtual laps of all F1 circuits, including this one, via Google Earth
Formula One circuits
Gangsta's Paradise

"Gangsta's Paradise" is a song by American rapper Coolio. The song was released on Coolio's album of the same name, as well as the soundtrack for the 1995 movie Dangerous Minds.
The song was listed at number 85 on Billboards Greatest Songs of All Time and was the number one biggest-selling single of 1995 on U.S. Billboard. In 2008, it was ranked number 38 on VH1's 100 Greatest Songs of Hip Hop.
Coolio was awarded a Grammy for Best Rap Solo Performance, two MTV Video Music Awards for Best Rap Video and Best Video from a Film and a Billboard Music Award for the song/album.
References
1995 songs
Billboard Hot 100 number one songs
Grammy Award winning songs
Rap songs
Battenheim

Battenheim is a French commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Communes in Haut-Rhin
Pectobacterium carotovorum

Pectobacterium carotovorum (syn Erwinia carotovora) is a rod-shaped bacterium originally isolated from carrots. It is a plant pathogen and opportunistic human pathogen, causative agent of soft rot and blackleg potato (P. atrosepticum) diseases.
PectobacteriaHauben, L., E. R. B. Moore, L. Vauterin, M. Steenackers, J. Mergaert, L. Verdonck, and J. Swings. 1998. Phylogenetic position of phytopathogens within the Enterobacteriaceae. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 21:384-397
P. carotovorum subsp. atrosepticum, blackleg agent
P. carotovorum subsp. betavasculorum,
P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, soft rot
P. carotovorum subsp. odoriferum,
P. carotovorum subsp. wasabiae,
P. cacticidum,
P. chrysanthemi, (new classification as Dyckeya chrysanthemi)
P. cypripedii.
Sources
Waldee E.L. 1945 Comparative studies of some peritrichous phytopathogenic bacteria. Iowa State Journal of Science, 19, 435-484.
References
Other websites
Young, J. M., Saddler, G. S., Takikawa, Y., De Boer, S. H., Vauterin, L., Gardan, L., Gvozdyak, R. I. & Stead, D. 1996. Names of plant pathogenic bacteria 1864-1995. Rev. Plant Pathol. 75, 721-863
Mee-Ngan Yap, Jeri D. Barak, and Amy O. Charkowski 2004 Genomic Diversity of Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora and Its Correlation with Virulence Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70, 3013-3023
List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing in Nomenclature
Gram-negative bacteria
M2M

M2M is a three-letter abbreviation with multiple meanings, as described below:
In computing,
M2M (Eclipse), an implementation of the Object Management Group's QVT standard for model transformation
Machine to Machine, a word describing the field of machine-to-machine communications
Made2Manage, a software application by Consona Corporation
In music and film,
M2M (band), a musical group
Minutes to Midnight (album), the third and most recent album from the band Linkin Park
Mission to Mars, a 2000 film
In other uses,
Man-to-man defense, a defensive tactic used in a variety of sports
Related pages
MTM
Priscilla Renea

Priscilla Renea (born September 14, 1988) is an American singer. She released the single "Dollhouse" in August 2009. The song, however, failed to chart on Billboard Hot 100. It did, though, become a mild hit. Her debut album, Jukebox, got positive reviews from critics. Jukebox did not sell much beyond 3,000 copies in the United States, nor beyond 5,000 copies worldwide.
Renea was born in Vero Beach, Florida.
References
Musicians from Florida
American R&B musicians
1988 births
Living people
Stepan Razin (movie)

Stepan Razin () is a 1939 Soviet drama movie directed by Ivan Pravov and Olga Preobrazhenskaya. It stars Andrei Abrikosov, Vladimir Gardin, and Elena Kondratyeva.
Actors
Andrei Abrikosov as Stepan Bazin
Vladimir Gardin as Kivrin
Elena Kondratyeva as Alyona Razina
Pyotr Leontyev as Tsar Alexis of Russia
Ivan Pelttser as Grandfather Taras
References
Other websites
1939 drama movies
Soviet drama movies
Movies set in Russia
Movies set in palaces
Movies set in the 17th century
Movies directed by Ivan Pravov
Movies directed by Olga Preobrazhenskaya
Gene flow

Gene flow or gene migration is the name for the transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another. The most usual cause is the movement of animals or (with plants) the movement of seeds or fruits.
Various barriers to gene flow can occur. The most usual is a geographical barrier of some kind. The beginnings of speciation often depends on the separation of populations which were once interbreeding (panmictic).
Genetics
Yang Ha-eun

Yang Ha-eun (korean kmuh omdyeou; born 25 February 1994 in Seoul) is a female South Korean table tennis player. She won the goldmedal in the mixed-doubles at the World Championships 2015.
Results from the ITTF-database
References
1994 births
Living people
South Korean table tennis players
Sportspeople from Seoul
Raperswilen

Raperswilen is a municipality of the district of Steckborn in the canton of Thurgau in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Thurgau
Blowup

Blowup is a 1966 British drama movie set in London. It was nominated for two Academy Award and won a Grand Prix award. It is directed by Italian movie director Michelangelo Antonioni and written by Antonioni, Toni Guerra and Edward Bond. It starred David Hemmings and Vanessa Redgrave. Carlo Ponti produced the movie. This was Antonioni's first English language movie.
Other websites
1960s mystery movies
1966 drama movies
British mystery movies
British drama movies
English-language movies
Movies set in London
MGM movies
Italian drama movies
Movies directed by Michelangelo Antonioni
Kizhakkenmuthoor

Kizhakkenmuthoor is a village in Pathanamthitta district, Kerala state,India.
Language
Malayalam is the native language of Kizhakkenmuthoor.
Politics
Kizhakkenmuthoor is a part of Pathanamthitta Loksabha constituency. Mr. Anto Antony is the current Member of Parliament of the constituency.
Weather
The climate of the place is moderate and pleasant. Tropical climate is prevailed here throughout the year.
Transportation
The major transportation service of this place is provided by Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC).
Major Roads
Thiruvalla - Mallapally road
Kizhakkenmuthoor - Nattukadavu/Kaviyoor/Manakachirra road
Kizhakenmuthoor - Kannothukadavu road
Kizhakenmuthoor - Chumathra road
Kizhakkenmuthoor - College road
Worship centres
St. Paul's Marthoma church
Padapad Temple
Pallikulagara Temple
Brethren Church
Believers Church
IPC Bethel Worship Centre
Chumathra Brethren Assembly
Schools & Colleges
Mar Thoma College, Thiruvalla
Joys Tutorials College
MTLP School
Mar Thoma Residential School
SDA Higher Secondary School
Believers Church School
Jacobite Syrian Christian School
References
Villages in Pathanamthitta district
Rust Belt

"Rust Belt" is a term that refers to an area of the northern United States. The area is mostly the states near the Great Lakes, and some of them are considered to be Midwest states. This area was once known for steel production and heavy industry. That industry has greatly decreased since the middle of the 20th century. As the name might imply, the area has sort of turned to "rust", like what happens to old steel. Much of this decrease in industry is because of the United States using manufacturers from other countries. It became an Industrial hub because of its proximity to The Great Lakes, canals, and rivers which companies used to access raw materials and ship out products.
Most Rust Belt cities, for example, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and Youngstown, Ohio, have had a very large decrease in their population since the 1950s and 1960s.
Some "Rust Belt" cities include:
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Erie, Pennsylvania
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
Youngstown, Ohio
Canton, Ohio
Cleveland, Ohio
Steubenville, Ohio
Toledo, Ohio
Columbus, Ohio
Gary, Indiana
Flint, Michigan
McKeesport, Pennsylvania
Wheeling, West Virginia
Detroit, Michigan
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Buffalo, New York
Rock Island, Illinois
Niagara Falls, New York
Rochester, New York
Grand Rapids, Michigan
South Bend, Indiana
Chicago, Illinois
Charleston, West Virginia
St. Louis, Missouri
Camden, New Jersey
Trenton, New Jersey
Lansing, Michigan
Newark, New Jersey
Jersey City, New Jersey
Fort Wayne, Indiana
Springfield, Illinois
Watertown, New York
Akron, Ohio
Warren, Ohio
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
Scranton, Pennsylvania
Anderson, Indiana
Regions of the United States
Economic geography
Klinefelter syndrome

Klinefelter syndrome, 47, XXY, or XXY syndrome is a genetic disorder where people have an extra number of X chromosomes. People who have Klinefelter's Syndrome are often called "XXY Males", or "47, XXY Males".
Effects
Males who have this condition are almost always infertile. This means that they cannot father babies.
In other organisms
Any male mammal can have Klinefelter's Syndrome. The mouse is one example.
Tortoiseshell or calico markings on male cats are an indicator of Klinefelter's syndrome. These cats are considered to be the model organism for Klinefelter syndrome, because the gene for a cat's orange/black coat markings is found on the X chromosome.
References
Other websites
Syndromes
Trisomies
ro:Cromozomul X#Sindromul Klinefelter (47,XXY sau 48,XXXY)
In God We Trust

In God We Trust is one of the national mottos of the United States. The other is E Pluribus Unum. In God We Trust has been put on American money since 1864 when it was added to a two-cent coin. A law passed in 1956 made it a national motto. It is also the motto of Florida.
State mottos of the United States
Florida
Mottos of the United States
Wałbrzych

Walbrzych (pronounce: ['vawbZix], German: Waldenburg) is a town in southwestern Poland in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship. About 126 000 people live there and the area is 84 km2. The city belonged to Germany until 1945. The original German population was expelled after WW II.
Cities in Poland
Mountain Ash, Rhondda Cynon Taf

Mountain Ash is a small town east of Aberdare in the South Wales Valleys. In the center of the town there is a statue of Guto Nyth Bran, a famous runner who was born, lived and died in Mountain Ash.
Towns in Wales
Augusta County, Virginia

Augusta County is a county in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, 77,487 people lived there. Its county seat is Staunton.
References
Virginia counties
List of rivers of Lithuania

These are the longest rivers in Lithuania.
Longest rivers
The Virvycia (99.7 km) is just shy of the 100 km limit. The length of the Zeimena is an object of discussion; it could be up to 114 km.
Note: length in Lithuania also includes the length of rivers when they serve as borders with neighboring countries.
References
List of lakes, dams, and rivers of national importance
Lithuania Central Internet Gates - Waters
Geography of Lithuania
Lithuania
Lithuania
Antonio Torres

Antonio De Torres Jurado (13 June 1817 - 19 November 1892) was a Spanish guitarist and guitar maker.
Torres Jurado is often respected among guitarists the same way Antonio Stradivari is respected among violinists. His work established the shape, design, and construction of the modern classical guitar.
Spanish musical entertainers
Spanish guitarists
1817 births
1892 deaths
NES Four Score

The NES Four Score is a video game controller port that allows for four players to plug in controllers. Only certain games use it.
Video games
Jonathan Kiriisa

Jonathan Kiriisa is a boxer from Uganda. Jonathan competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics. He was born on 23 June 1959.
References
Other websites
1959 births
Living people
Ugandan Olympians
Boxers
Evolutionary suicide

Evolutionary suicide is not a standard term in evolutionary biology. It is not used in any standard textbook on evolution.
It is the incorrect idea that the adaptation of an individual animal works in such a way that an entire species dies out. The idea is that evolution makes plants and animals pass on their genes to the next generation more efficiently, but it does not guarantee the survival of the population or the species. Obviously, that is true, and extinction occurs often. Evolution cannot foresee the future. This is, however, nothing at all to do with suicide.
A candidate for a future evolutionary suicide might be cod. Cod is caught as fish by humans. The fish do not weigh as much as they used to, mostly because they do not survive long enough. They do, however, mature earlier. Although this means the number of eggs per female fish is reduced, its effect depends rather on the extent of overfishing. Data suggests that when fishing is controlled, cod numbers return to their former level. This was the lesson of World War II, when cod fishing in many areas was greatly reduced, and pre-war cod numbers recovered.
References
Evolutionary biology
Lake Jackson, Texas

Lake Jackson is a city in Brazoria County, Texas. As of a 2006 U.S. Census Bureau the city population was 27,614.
Lake Jackson is named after an oxbow lake of the same name. The city is the birthplace of famous Tejano superstar, Selena, rock musician Casey McPherson, and hometown of country music singers Cole Deggs and Shade Deggs of the group Cole Deggs & The Lonesome. The city has also long been the hometown of Ron Paul, the Congressman who represents Texas' 14th Congressional District.
Other websites
Lake Jackson's Official Web Site
Brazosport College's Official Web Site
Brazosport Center for the Arts & Sciences Web Site
Rep. Ron Paul, House of Representatives Web Site
Cities in Texas
Lachen, Switzerland

Lachen is a municipality in the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland, the capital in March District. It is the smallest municipality in the canton of Schwyz.
References
Other websites
Official website
Municipalities of Schwyz
Cities in Switzerland
MacKenzie Boyd-Clowes

Mackenzie Boyd-Clowes (born 13 July 1991) is a Canadian ski jumper.
References
Other websites
1991 births
Living people
Canadian Olympic bronze medalists
Sportspeople from Toronto
Chiclana de Segura

Chiclana de Segura is a city in the province of Jaen, Spain. In the 2018 census, 962 people lived here.
References
Municipalities in Andalusia
Greens Western Australia

The Greens WA are the Western Australian state branch of the Australian Greens, a left-wing green party in Australia. The party has no leader, but instead has collective leadership.
Australian Greens
Political parties in Western Australia
Arcidosso

Arcidosso is a comune in the Province of Grosseto in the Italian region of Tuscany.
Settlements in Tuscany
Good luck charm

A good luck charm is a thing that the person thinks will bring them good luck. It can be a rabbit's foot, a necklace or other jewelry, or even a rock or coin.
Folklore
Superstitions
Jouko Innanen

Jouko Innanen (29 October 1952 - 1 October 2019) was a Finnish cartoonist. Innanen's cartoons were published in the magazines Iltalehti, Turun Sanomat, Lansi-Savo, Ita-Savo and Lansivayla. He died in Savonlinna.
Bibliography
Till . Espoo: Western Fairway , 1986.
Suominen Molli . Helsingfors: Ottawa, 1992.
Herr Kaaranen . Helsingfors: Automediat, 2010.
References
1952 births
2019 deaths
Finnish people
Cartoonists
Ernesto Cardenal

Ernesto Cardenal Martinez (20 January 1925 - 1 March 2020) was a Nicaraguan Catholic priest, poet, and politician. He was a liberation theologian. He was the founder of the primitivist art community in the Solentiname Islands. His brother was Fernando Cardenal.
Cardenal was a member of the Nicaraguan Sandinistas, he was Nicaragua's minister of culture from 1979 to 1987. He was banned from administering the sacraments in 1984 by Pope John Paul II, but it was restored by Pope Francis in 2019.
On 1 March 2020, Cardenal died of problems caused by heart and kidney disease, aged 95.
References
1925 births
2020 deaths
Deaths from heart disease
Deaths from kidney disease
Poets
Roman Catholic priests
Christian theologians
Nicaraguan politicians
Romina Power

Romina Francesca Power (born October 2, 1951) is an American actress and singer.
She appeared in several mainly Italian-language movies from the age of 14, including the 1969 version of the Marquis de Sade's novel Justine, directed by Jesus Franco.
In 2005 Power was a judge in the Italian TV show Ballando con le Stelle (Dancing with the Stars).
References
1951 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American voice actors
Actors from Los Angeles
Singers from Los Angeles
Military branch

Military branch (also service branch or armed service) is a part of the armed forces of a sovereign state.
Types of branches
Related pages
Military organization
Branch
Tesseract

A tesseract is a 4-dimensional object with eight cells; each cell is a cube. The tesseract is one of the six convex regular 4-polytopes. Unlike three-dimensional objects which rotate on both an axis and a plane (the plane being of length and width and the axis being of the leftover dimension, height), a tesseract rotates on two planes, one made up of length and width, and one made up of height and the fourth dimension. It is the simplest hypercube.
It is not possible to make a tesseract out of real materials. A tesseract is in four dimensions, but we can only move in three dimensions.
Example:
Line is to the 1st dimension,
Square is to the 2nd dimension,
Cube is to the 3rd dimension,
Tesseract is to the 4th dimension.
Shapes
Brillecourt

Brillecourt is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Brillecourt
336 BC

Year 336 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar.
Events
By place
Persian Empire
The young king of Persia, Arses, objects to being controlled by Bagoas and attempts to poison him. Instead, Arses and all his children are killed by Bagoas.
Bagoas then seeks to install a new monarch who will be easier to control. He chooses Codomannus, a distant relative of the royal house, who takes the name Darius III. When Darius tries to assert his independence from Bagoas' control, Bagoas attempts to poison him. The king is warned and makes Bagoas drink the poison himself.
Greece
Following Philip II of Macedon's marriage to Eurydice, Alexander and his mother, Olympias, flee to Epirus, with Alexander later moving to Illyria. However, shortly afterward, father and son are reconciled and Alexander returns.
Macedonian troops, commanded by Parmenion, trusted lieutenant of Philip II, arrive in Asia Minor. They are driven back by Persian forces under the command of the Greek mercenary Memnon of Rhodes.
At a grand celebration of his daughter Cleopatra's marriage to Alexander I of Epirus (brother of Olympias), Philip II is assassinated at Aegae by Pausanias of Orestis, a young Macedonian noble with a bitter grievance against the young queen's uncle Attalus and against Philip for denying him justice. Pausanias is killed on the spot.
Philip II of Macedon is succeeded by his son Alexander III. One of the leading generals in Macedonia at the death of Philip II, Antipater, helps to secure the succession to the Macedonian throne for Alexander.
The Macedonian general Parmenion declares for Alexander III. He helps to murder the princes of the Lynkestis region, who are alleged to be behind Philip's murder, along with other possible rivals and members of factions opposed to Alexander. Olympias, Alexander's mother, has Philip's last wife Eurydice, her infant daughter and her influential uncle, Attalus, killed.
Alexander immediately has Amyntas IV, son of King Perdiccas III and cousin of Alexander, executed.
Alexander puts down a rebellion in Macedonia and crushes the rebellious Illyrians. He then appears at the gates of Thebes and receives the city's submission. After that he advances to the Corinthian isthmus and is elected by the assembled Greeks as their commander against Persia.
Conscription is introduced in Athens. Young men are required to perform duties which are part military and part civic.
Aeschines brings a suit against Ctesiphon for illegally proposing the award of a crown to the Athenian leader Demosthenes in recognition of his services to Athens.
Deaths
Philip II, King of Macedonia (b. 382 BC)
Arses, King of Persia
Bagoas, Vizier of Persia
Attalus, Macedonian general (b. c. 390 BC)
Pausanias of Orestis, personal bodyguard of Philip II of Macedon
Eurydice, 5th wife of Philip II, queen of Macedonia
Amyntas IV, usurper king of Macedon
336 BC
List of federal subjects of Russia by population

This is a list of 83 of the 89 federal subjects of Russia in order of population according to the 2010 and 2021 Russian Census.
Recent estimates
a. excluding Nenets Autonomous Okrug.
List according to census
Data excludes Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrugs.
Data excludes Nenets Autonomous Okrug.
Population over time
The population of the federal subjects and federal districts of Russia over time:
Related pages
List of cities and towns in Russia by population
Notes
Stadskanaal

Stadskanaal is a municipality of the province of Groningen, the Netherlands.
About 32,000 people were living in the municipality in 2016, and about 20,000 in the village of Stadskanaal in 2012.
Other websites
Settlements in Groningen (province)
Municipalities of Groningen (province)
Cryptosystem

There are two different meanings of the word cryptosystem.
One is used by the cryptographic community.
The other is a general meaning which is how the word cryptosystem is understood by the public.
General meaning
In this meaning, the term cryptosystem is used as shorthand, or as an abbreviation for "cryptographic system". A cryptographic system is any computer system that involves cryptography. Such systems include for instance, a system for secure electronic mail which might include methods for digital signatures, cryptographic hash functions, key management techniques, and so on.
Meaning in the cryptographic community
In this meaning, a cryptosystem refers to a set of algorithms needed to implement a method of encryption and decryption.
Typically, a cryptosystem consists of three algorithms:
Key generation algorithm.
Encryption algorithm.
Decryption algorithm.
The term cipher (sometimes cypher) is often used to refer to a pair of (encryption/decryption) algorithms. Therefore, the term "cryptosystem" is most often used when the key generation algorithm is important. For this reason, the term "cryptosystem" is commonly used to refer to public key techniques; however both "cipher" and "cryptosystem" are used for symmetric key techniques.
"Cryptographic system" vs. "cryptosystem"
The Internet Security Glossary RFC 2828 advises against using the term "cryptosystem", giving the following definitions.
cryptosystem
(D) ISDs SHOULD NOT use this term as an abbreviation for cryptographic system. (For justification, see: crypto.)
crypto
ISDs SHOULD NOT use this abbreviated term because it may be misunderstood. Instead, use "cryptography" or "cryptographic".
References
Cryptography
In and Out of Love (Bon Jovi song)

"In and Out of Love" is a 1985 song by American hard rock band Bon Jovi. It is the second single from their second studio album 7800deg Fahrenheit. It went to number 69 in the United States and number 37 in the Billboard rock chart.
References
1985 songs
Bon Jovi songs
Alfred Gusenbauer

Alfred Gusenbauer (born February 8, 1960, in St. Polten, Austria) was the chancellor of Austria from January 2007 to December 2008. His party won the elections of 2008, and he was succeeded as Chancellor the new party leader, Werner Faymann, on 2 December 2008. He was the leader of the political party SPO.
Other websites
Official page (in German)
SPO Official Homepage
Homepage of the Austrian Chancellor
1960 births
Living people
Chancellors of Austria
People from Lower Austria
Jaroslav Pollák

Jaroslav Pollak (11 July 1947 - 26 June 2020) was a Slovak footballer. He played as a midfielder. He played for Czechoslovakia national team in 49 matches and scored one goal.
Career
Jaroslav Pollak began playing football at FC VSS Kosice. He made his debut in 1965 at the age of 18 in the 1st Czechoslovak League. stayed in Kosice until 1977, despite several offers. After two years at Dukla Banska Bystrica, Pollak moved to Sparta Prague in 1979. 1981 the player went to Austria Salzburg, for whom he made 65 Bundesliga appearances. In 1983, Pollak returned to Czechoslovakia and joined his old club, which had meanwhile been renamed ZTS Kosice and played in the second league.. In the summer of 1988, Jaroslav Pollak ended his active career at the age of almost 41. In the 1st Czechoslovak League, Pollak completed 418 games in which he scored 25 goals.
International career
Jaroslav Pollak made his debut in the Czechoslovak national team on 23 June 1968 when Czechoslovakia defeated Brazil 3-2 in Bratislava.He was a participant at the 1970 FIFA World Cup and Euro 1976, where his team won the gold medal, and also at UEFA Euro 1976 where the team won the title. Pollak made his last of 49 international matches on March 26, 1980, when Czechoslovakia lost 2-0 to Switzerland in Basel.
Death
Pollak died on 26 June 2020 at the age of 72.
Honours
Czechoslovakia
UEFA European Championship: 1976
Individual
UEFA European Championship Team of the Tournament: 1976
References
1947 births
Slovak footballers
1970 FIFA World Cup players
2020 deaths
Association football midfielders
FC Red Bull Salzburg players
Chitral District

Chitral () is a district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It has population of about 318,689 people at the 1998 Census, which grew to about 378,000 people by 2004. It has one of the highest mountains of the world, Tirich Mir. It is the largest district in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, with an area of 14,850 sq. kilometres.
Location
Chitral District is the most northerly district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. to the west and north is Afghanistan. To the east of Chitral is Kashmir and to the south are the Pakistani districts of Upper Dir and Swat. Chitral can be accessed by air via the Chitral Airport which is approximately 3 km from the town. Regular flights from Peshawar and Islamabad are run by the PIA.
Terrain
The terrain of Chitral is quite mountainous, part of the Pamir Mountains are situated here. Tirich Mir which at 25,289 feet (7,708 metres) is the highest peak of the Hindu Kush, rises in the north of the district.
Chitral is connected to the rest of Pakistan by only two road routes, the Lowari Pass (el. 10,230 ft.) from Dir and Shandur Top (el. 12,200 ft.) from Gilgit. Both routes are closed in winter. The Lowari Tunnel is being constructed under the Lowari Pass and is opened two times a week when Lowari Top is closed due to snowfall.
It was reported in 2004 that Afghanistan had agreed to allow access from Pakistan to Chitral though Afghan territory and the Kunar Valley, by passing Lowari Pass.
Two other passes give access on foot to Chitral, the Broghol Pass and the Dorah Pass, both from Afghanistan. Both are closed in winter.
Population
The general population is mainly of the Kho people, who speak the Khowar language (or Chitrali), which is also spoken in parts of Yasin, Gilgit and Swat. Chitral is also home to the Kalash tribe who live in three remote valleys southwest of Chitral town.
The Norwegian linguist Georg Morgenstierne wrote that Chitral is the area of the greatest linguistic diversity in the world. Although Khowar is the predominant language of Chitral, more than ten other languages are spoken here. These include Kalasha-mun, Erina, Savi Palula, Dameli, Gawar-Bati, Nuristani, Yidgha, Burushaski, Wakhi, Kyrgyz, Persian and Pashto. Since many of these languages have no written form, letters are usually written in Urdu or Persian
History
Until 1969, Chitral was a princely state, within the Malakand Agency. In 1970 Chitral was absorbed into Pakistan as the new Chitral District, until 2000 within Malakand Division.
Administration
The district of Chitral is divided into two tehsils
Chitral
Mastuj
National Assembly
This district is represented by one elected MNA (Member of National Assembly) in Pakistan National Assembly. Its constituency is NA-32.
Provincial Assembly
The district is represented by two elected MPAs in the provincial assembly who represent the following constituencies:
PK-89 (Chitral-I)
PK-90 (Chitral-II)
References
Other websites
Chitral News
Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Regions of Pakistan
Hill Stations in Pakistan
Valleys of Pakistan
Saša Drakulić

Sasa Drakulic (born 28 August 1972) is a Serbian football player. He plays for Proleter Novi Sad.
References
1972 births
Living people
Serbian footballers
Conway, Arkansas

Conway is a city in the US state of Arkansas. 65,300 people live there and it is the 7th biggest city in its state. Most of its jobs are in technology, education, and retail. Its nickname is "City of Colleges" because three colleges are in it. It is home to the University of Central Arkansas and Hendrix College.
References
Cities in Arkansas
County seats in Arkansas
Civan Canova

Ahmet Civan Canova (28 June 1955 - 20 August 2022) was a Turkish actor, playwright and theatre director. He was born in Ankara, Turkey. His career began in 1974. He was known for his role in the 2006 movie Home Coming as Iskenceci Komiser. He also was known for his role in the Netflix series The Gift as Mustafa Ozgursoy.
Canova died of lung cancer on 20 August 2022 in Istanbul, Turkey at the age of 67.
References
1955 births
2022 deaths
Turkish movie actors
Turkish stage actors
Turkish voice actors
Turkish television actors
Theatre directors
Turkish playwrights
Actors from Ankara
Lidköping Municipality

Lidkoping Municipality () is a municipality in Vastra Gotaland County in southern Sweden. The seat is in Lidkoping.
References
Other websites
Lidkoping Municipality
Municipalities of Vastra Gotaland County
San Antonio, Chile

San Antonio is a Chilean commune and city; it is the capital and main city of the San Antonio province, in the Valparaiso region. It is one of the most important seaport of Chile.
The city is named after Saint Anthony ().
Geography
The city of San Antonio is just to north of the mouth of the Maipo, on small hills and dunes near the coast of central Chile, at and altitude of above sea level.
The commune has an area of . It is at about south of Valparaiso, the capital of the region.
San Antonio is bordered on the north and northeast by the commune of San Esteban; on the east, by the commune of Melipilla and the Maipo river; on the south, by the same river and by the communes of Santo Domingo and San Pedro; and on the west, by the Pacific Ocean.
Population
(last national census), there were 87,205 people living in the commune, giving it a population density of inhabitants/km2.
The city of San Antonio has an urban area of and a population, in 2002, of 83,435 inhabitants.
San Antonio and several cities around it form a greater space, the Greater (or Conurbation) San Antonio.
Related pages
Communes of Chile
Provinces of Chile
References
Other websites
Territorial division of Chile
Gobierno Regional de Valparaiso Official website
Municipalidad de San Antonio website
Cities in Chile
Robbie Rist

Robert Anthony Rist (born April 4, 1964) is an American movie, television and voice actor. He is known for playing Cousin Oliver in The Brady Bunch and Martin in Grady. Rist is also a prolific voice actor, who most famous voice roles are: Stuffy in Doc McStuffins, Whiz in Kidd Video, Star in Balto, Maroda in Final Fantasy X, Choji Akimichi in Naruto and Michelangelo in the 1990 movie Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.
Other websites
1964 births
Living people
American voice actors
Luwang dynasty

The Luwang dynasty () is one of the seven ruling clan dynasties in Ancient Manipur (Antique Kangleipak). The people of the Luwang ancestry forms one of the subsection of the present day Meitei ethnicity. It is one of the three most powerful dynasties, the others being Ningthouja dynasty and Khuman dynasty.
References
Meitei people
History of Manipur
Marshall County, West Virginia

Marshall County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. At the 2010 census, the population was 33,107. Its county seat is Moundsville.
References
West Virginia counties
Complementary color

Complementary colors are pairs of opposite colors. What is meant by opposite can be different between color science, and art and the printing process.
Color science
In color science "complementary colors" are colors opposite to each other on the color wheel. Primary colors and secondary colors are typically paired in this way:
red and cyan ( red cyan ) (where cyan is the mixture of green and blue)
green and magenta ( green magenta ) (where magenta is the mixture of red and blue)
blue and yellow ( blue yellow ) (where yellow is the mixture of red and green)
Afterimages
If a person stares at a single color for about a minute then looks at a white surface, an afterimage of the complementary color will appear. This is because of eye fatigue. For example, if the person stares at a red color, the photoreceptors (cells in the eye which catch colored light) for red light in the retina (the back part of the eye) become fatigued. When photoreceptors are fatigued they are less able to send information to the brain. If the person then looks at white light, all photoreceptors will send information. Because the photoreceptors for red light are fatigued, the information they send will not be as strong as the information about the colors other than red and the illusion of seeing the complementary color is created.
Art and design
Because of the limited range of colors that was available throughout most of the history of art, many artists still use a traditional set of complementary pairs, including:
red and green
blue and orange
yellow and purple
The complement of each primary color (red, blue, or yellow) is roughly the color made by mixing the other two in a subtractive system (red + blue = purple; blue + yellow = green; red + yellow = orange). When two complements are mixed they produce a gray or brown.
The use of complementary colors is an important aspect of art and graphic design. This also extends to other fields such as contrasting colors in logos and retail display. When placed next to each other, complements make each other appear brighter. On an artistic color wheel, complementary colors are placed opposite one another. Although these artistic complements may not be precise complements under the scientific definition, most artistic color wheels are laid out roughly like the HSV color wheel discussed above.
References
Color
Earth's orbit

All planets in our solar system follow an elliptical path. This path is known as an orbit. Earth's orbit is not a perfect circle. If we were to draw the Earth's orbit on a sheet of paper as a perfect circle, the width of the line would be larger than the elliptical path of the Earth.
The Earth's orbit takes about 365 days, this is also called a year. This means that in 365 days (a year) the Earth has gone around the Sun. From this we can find that the orbital speed of the Earth is about through space.
The closest distance Earth is to the Sun, or perihelion, is and the farthest or aphelion is . It takes light (or any other electromagnetic radiation) just over eight minutes to travel from Sun to Earth. This averages out to a typical distance of 150 million kilometers.
The seasonal changes on Earth are because of the 23.44deg axial tilt of its rotation and slightly elliptical path around the Sun.
The orbit varies over long periods of time according to the Milankovitch cycles. These cycles are one of the main causes of climate change.
This diagram shows a very exaggerated shape of Earth's orbit; the actual orbit is almost circular.
Related links
Earth phase
Spaceship Earth
Notes
Other websites
Earth - Speed through space - about 1 million miles an hour - NASA & (WP discussion)
Orbits
Earth
Dielectric

In electromagnetism, a dielectric (or dielectric material or dielectric medium) is an electrical insulator that can be polarized when the insulator is in an electric field.
Dielectric materials include types of glass, mica, bakelite, plexiglass, and kinds of paper,. Dielectric materials reduce the overall electric field, like when one of these materials is inserted in a capacitor. This happens because of polarization in dielectric material. Charges are induced in dielectric materials being used which creates an opposite electric field, resulting in the lowering of the ELECTRIC FIELD it is in. Generally, positive charges are induced in negative plates and vice versa, and so a dielectric material reduces the overall electric field,. How it does that is normally represented as the "dielectric constant" (generally represented as "k", in equations), as a result POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE is also reduced by "dielectric constant" times, specifically; if dielectric is inserted in capacitors then new capacitance becomes "dielectric constant" times the original capacitance.
Examples (or practical dielectrics)
Dielectric materials can be solids, liquids, or gases. (A high vacuum can also be a useful, nearly lossless dielectric; However its relative dielectric constant is only unity.
Solid dielectrics are perhaps the most commonly used dielectrics in electrical engineering. Many solids are very good insulators. Some examples include porcelain, glass, and most plastics. Air, nitrogen and sulfur hexafluoride are the three most commonly used gaseous dielectrics (or gases that are in use as dielectrics).
Related pages
Capacitor
References
Materials
Electromagnetism
Mieke Wijaya

Miecke Marie De Rijder (17 March 1939 - 3 May 2022) was an Indonesian actress and model. She was born in Bandung, West Java, Dutch East Indies. Wijaya won three Citra Awards in 1967, 1975 and 1981. Her best known roles were in Tiga Dara, Badai Pasti Berlalu and Verses of Love.
Wijaya died at her home in Jakarta, Indonesia on 3 May 202 from problems caused by leukaemia and diabetes, aged 83.
References
Other websites
1939 births
2022 deaths
Deaths from diabetes
Deaths from leukemia
Cancer deaths in Indonesia
Indonesian actors
Models
Auditorio de Tenerife

The Auditorio de Tenerife "Adan Martin", better known simply as Auditorio de Tenerife, is a performing arts centre in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. It includes several performance venues. It was designed by architect Santiago Calatrava.
Building of the centre began in 1997. It was completed in 2003. The auditorium was opened on 26 September of that year. It was opened in the presence of Felipe de Borbon, Prince of Asturias. It was later visited by former U.S. President Bill Clinton. The design of the auditorium has become an architectural symbol of the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife and the Canary Islands.
Other websites
Official Website of Auditorio de Tenerife
Canary Islands
2003 establishments in Europe
Buildings and structures in Spain
Opera houses