pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Andy Griffith Show

The Andy Griffith Show is an American sitcom television series. The series won no awards, but it was very popular in its day. It was #1 in its final year on the air.
Cast
Andy Griffith as Sheriff Andy Taylor
Don Knotts as Deputy Barney Fife
Ron Howard as Andy's son Opie
Frances Bavier as Andy's aunt and housekeeper Aunt Bee
Elinor Donahue as Andy's girlfriend and drug store owner Ellie Walker
Jim Nabors as garage mechanic Gomer Pyle
Howard McNear as town barber Floyd Lawson
Aneta Corsaut as Andy's girlfriend and Opie's schoolteacher Helen Crump
Betty Lynn as Barney's girlfriend Thelma Lou
Hope Summers as Aunt Bee's friend Clara Edwards
Jack Dodson as county clerk Howard Sprague
George Lindsey as Gomer's cousin Goober Pyle
Story
The series is about a sheriff in fictional Mayberry, North Carolina, a friendly, backward town with colorful characters. Andy is a widower with a young son named Opie. His paternal Aunt Bee, lives with them and maintains the home. Andy's friend/cousin (or cousin-in-law), Barney is his oddball deputy/ sidekick.
Production
The show aired on CBS between October 3, 1960 and April 1, 1968. Griffith, Howard, and Bavier were introduced in an episode of The Danny Thomas Show. The show transitioned to color with the sixth season. The broad, cornball comedy was toned-down and the show was allowed to touch on serious themes.
Awards
Don Knotts and Frances Bavier won a combined total of six Emmy Awards. Knotts left the show at the end of its fifth black and white season.
Spinoffs
The series had two spin-off shows and one spin-off movie:
Mayberry: RFD, a sitcom series starring Ken Berry as Sam Jones, a councilman and farmer, and featured most of the characters from The Andy Griffith Show
Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C. with filling station worker Gomer (Jim Nabors) becoming a Marine
Return To Mayberry, a 1986 NBC TV movie that reunited most of the cast members from the show
1960 establishments in the United States
1960 television series debuts
1968 disestablishments
1968 television series endings
1960s American television series
American sitcoms
Black and white television series
CBS network shows
English-language television programs
Shatranj

Chatrang, or Shatranj, was the name given to the early game of chess when it travelled to Persia and then to the Arab world.
In Sassanid Persia around 600 the name became Chatrang and the rules were developed further, and players started calling Shah! (Persian for 'King') when threatening the opponent's king, and Shah mat! (Persian for 'the king is finished') when the king could not escape from attack. These exclamations persisted in chess as it traveled to other lands.
The game was taken up by the Muslim world after the Islamic conquest of Persia, with the pieces largely retaining their Persian names; in Arabic "mat" or "mata" mata means "died", "is dead". In Arabic, the game became Shatranj. In all other languages, the name of the game is derived either from shatranj or from shah.
One interesting fact is that the Arabs divided their game into the same three stages which we do today: opening, middlegame and endgame.p234
Tabiyat
At the start of a game, the Arabic masters took a number of moves before the pieces were in contact with the other side.
"The result of this was that... the final position of the opening was the important one to memorise. Hence in almost all older Muslim chess-works we find... a collection of type-positions, each with its own distinctive name. [These] are recommended to the player as models for his imitation. Diagrams of these type-positions were a regular feature of Arabic chess-works down to the 17th century. These positions were called ta'biya (plural: ta'biyat or ta'abi)... which may be translated as battle-array".p234-5
The following table provides a glimpse of the changes in the names and character of chess pieces, as they passed from one culture to another, from India through Persia to Europe:p221
References
Chess variants
Adnan Gulshair el Shukrijumah

Adnan Gulshair el Shukrijumah (, 'Adnan Shukri Juma'ah) (4 August 1975 - 6 December 2014) was a member of al-Qaeda. He was born in Saudi Arabia and grew up in the United States.
In March 2003, a provisional arrest warrant was issued calling him a "material witness". He was listed on theFederal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) on the Seeking Information - War on Terrorism list, and since then United States Department of State, through the Rewards for Justice Program, has offered a bounty of up to US$5 million for information about his location.
Media reports surfaced on 6 December 2014 indicating that he was killed in a manhunt operation by Pakistan in South Waziristan.
References
1975 births
2014 deaths
Al-Qaeda people
Deaths by firearm
Common pipistrelle

The common pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pipistrellus) is a small bat with a very large range across most of Europe, North Africa, southwestern Asia, and possibly into Korea. It is one of the most common bat species in the British Isles.
It is 3.5-4.5 cm long with a wingspan of 19-25 cm, with brown fur. It is common in woodland and farmland but is also found in towns, where it roosts in lofts and buildings.
In 1999 the common pipistrelle was split into two species on the basis of different-frequency echolocation calls. The common pipistrelle uses a call of 45 kHz, while the soprano pipistrelle echo-locates at 55 kHz. Since then other differences, in appearance, habitat and food, have also been found.
Echolocation
The frequencies used by this bat species for echolocation lie between 45-76 kHz, have most energy at 47 kHz and have an average duration of 5.6 ms.
References
Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of least concern.
Other websites
ARKive Pipistrellus pipistrellus and Pipistrellus pygmaeus Photographs and videos.
Bats
Mammals of Europe
Mammals of Asia
Mammals of Great Britain
Tavares, Florida

Tavares is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Lake County.
History
Tavares was created in 1880.
Cities in Florida
County seats in Florida
Jabbi Shah Dilawar

Jabbi Shah Dilawar is a village and Union Council, an administrative subdivision, of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan, it is part of Talagang Tehsil and is located at .
References
Union Councils of Chakwal District
Franco-Dutch War

The Franco-Dutch War, also known as the Dutch War (French: Guerre de Hollande; Dutch: Hollandse Oorlog), was fought between France and the Dutch Republic, supported by the Holy Roman Empire, Spain, Brandenburg-Prussia and Denmark-Norway.
In its early stages, France was allied with Munster and Cologne, as well as England. The 1672 to 1674 Third Anglo-Dutch War and 1675 to 1679 Scanian War are considered related conflicts.
Wars involving Europe
Royal Chapel (Sweden)

The Royal Chapel () is a church inside the Stockholm Palace. It belongs to the Church of Sweden. It was opened in 1754.
References
Other websites
Church of Sweden churches
Churches in Stockholm
18th-century buildings and structures
Oostflakkee

Oostflakkee is a former municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland. Since 2013, it has been part of the new municipality of Goeree-Overflakkee.
21st-century disestablishments in the Netherlands
Former municipalities of South Holland
Goeree-Overflakkee
Nursery

A nursery is a school for children between the ages of one and five years. It is a preschool education institution, part of a child's education.
Nurseries take care of young children during the day while providing a safe, fun and educational environment. Most nurseries provide toys and a outdoor playground with equipment.
In the UK, most children start nursery at two or three years old and move on to primary school the academic year they turn five. Some nurseries can take care of babies as young as 3-6 months old. These nurseries are often called day nurseries or daycares. Some nurseries are called children's centres. Some nurseries have separate rooms for different age groups. Preschools in the UK are mainly designed for children from toddler age to five years.
A nursery in England is also called FS1, which is also first year of foundation before they go into primary school.
Names
Nursery kindergarten (children's garden), is a name given by Friedrich Frobel, who created the Nurseru in Germany, in 1837. Other common names are pre-school, playschool and playgroup. The German word Kindergarten is also used in many non-English-speaking countries to denote a form of pre-school education. However, in the United States, Canada, and some parts of Australia, kindergarten is instead the term used to describe the first year of compulsory schooling. The word kindergarten is not generally used in the UK.
References
Types of educational institutions
Childhood
Gojal

Gojal Tehsil (), also known as Upper Hunza is the largest tehsil of the Gilgit District, Northern Areas of Pakistan, it is north of the Gilgit region and is close to the Chinese border.
Gojal is a network of small and large valleys sharing borders with Hunza in the South, China in the North and East and Afghanistan in the North West. Shishkat is the first village of Gojal. Except for the Shimshal, Misgar and Chipursan valleys, all villages of Gojal can be seen while travelling on the Karakuram Highway.
The Karakorum Highway (KKH) crosses Gojal entering China at the Khunjerab Pass linking Pakistan to China and, in the future, other Central Asian states such as Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan.
Tehsils of Pakistan
Palace of Whitehall

The Palace of Whitehall was the main home of the English kings and queens in London, from 1530 until 1698, when all except Inigo Jones's 1622 Banqueting House was destroyed by fire. Before the fire, it was the largest palace in Europe, with over 1,500 rooms (at one time it was the largest building in the world).
The palace gives its name--Whitehall--to the road on which many of the buildings of the UK government now stand. The word "Whitehall" can also refer to the central government itself.
History
It became an official royal palace in 1530 when Henry VII was the king of England. He also included a recreation centre with a bowling green, tennis courts, a pit for cock fighting (now the site of 70 Whitehall) and a tiltyard for jousting. It is estimated that over PS30,000 (approaching PS11 million in 2007 values) were spent during the 1540s, 50% more than the construction of the entire Bridewell Palace. Henry VIII married two of his wives at the palace--Anne Boleyn in 1533 and Jane Seymour in 1536. It was also at the palace that Henry died. It was a lesser used palace during the reign of the next few monarchs.
Fire
The palace of Whitehall was destroyed by fire in 1698. Many of the palace's wooden structures were destroyed in the fire. Michelangelo's Cupid is to believed to have been destroyed in the blaze. After this the remaining structures were torn down. Now Whitehall has government buildings on it.
References
Whitehall, Palace of
Whitehall, Palace of
1560s establishments in Europe
1698 disestablishments
16th-century establishments in England
1560 establishments
Buildings and structures in the City of Westminster
Savières

Savieres is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.
Communes in Aube
Cardedu

Cardedu (Cardedu) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Nuoro in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 1,909 people lived there. It has an area of 33.39 km2. It is located at 19 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
Émarèse

Emarese is a comune in the Aosta Valley region in Italy.
References
Settlements in Valle d'Aosta
Ciconio

Ciconio is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region of Piedmont.
Settlements in Piedmont
Ecclesiastical court

There are different movements in Christianity. Over time, each of these movements developed a number of rules to follow. An ecclesiastical court is a court of law that only uses one of these sets of rules to judge people. In the case of the Roman Catholic Church, these rules are known as Canon law, and they can be found in the Codex Iuris Canonici.
Christianity
Courts (law)
Allen County, Ohio

Allen County is a county of Ohio in the United States. As of the 2010 census, 106,331 people lived there. The county seat is Lima.
References
Ohio counties
1831 establishments in Ohio
Air Europa

Air Europa is a Spanish airline based on the Balearic island of Mallorca. It operates flights within Spain but also to other places in Europe and further away, it concentrates on the holiday market. Since September 2007, Air Europa has been a member of the Skyteam alliance.
Destinations
Air Europa flies to destinations in Europe, Africa and both North and South America.
Fleet
The Air Europa fleet is:
6x Airbus A330-200
26x Boeing 737-800
2x Boeing 767-300ER
6x Embraer E-195
References
Airlines of Spain
Holger Badstuber

Holger Badstuber (born 12 March 1989) is a German football player. He plays for FC Bayern Munich and Germany national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|2007/08||rowspan="2"|FC Bayern Munich II||Regionalliga Sud||23||4||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||23||4
|-
|2008/09||3. Liga||32||3||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||32||3
|-
|2009/10||rowspan="2"|FC Bayern Munich||rowspan="2"|1. Bundesliga||33||1||4||0||12||0||49||1
|-
|2010/11||||||||||||||||
88||8||4||0||12||0||104||8
|}
International career statistics
|-
|2010||4||0
|-
!Total||4||0
|}
1989 births
Living people
German footballers
Sportspeople from Bavaria
Yevgeny Kafelnikov

Yevgeny Aleksandrovich Kafelnikov (born February 18, 1974) is a retired Russian professional tennis player. He won the French Open in 1996 and the Australian Open in 1999. Kafelnikov was world ranked number one from May 3 to June 13 1999. He also won four Grand Slam doubles titles. Kafelnikov won the Men's Singles Gold medal at the Sydney Olympic Games in 2000. He also helped Russia win the Davis Cup in 2002. He is the last man to have won both the Men's Singles and Doubles titles at the same Grand Slam tournament, which he did at the 1996 French Open.
References
1974 births
Australian Open champions
French Open champions
Living people
Male tennis players
Medalists at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Russian tennis players
World No. 1 tennis players
Billy Kenoi

William P. Kenoi (November 1968 - January 26, 2021) was an American Democratic politician. Kenoi was Mayor of Hawaii County from 2008 to 2016. He was a legislative aide in the State House and State Senate. He was born in Kalapana, Hawaii.
In 2015, Kenoi was diagnosed with myelofibrosis. He died from the disease on January 26, 2021 in Honolulu at the age of 52.
References
Other websites
Official website
Mayoral website
1968 births
2021 deaths
American mayors
Politicians from Hawaii
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
Deaths from myelofibrosis
Cancer deaths in Hawaii
Alejo José Velez Cucalon

Alejo Jose Velez Cucalon (born May 1, 1968 in Zaragoza) is a track and field athlete from Spain. He has a disability: He is blind and a T12/B2 type athlete. He competed at the 1996 Summer Paralympics. He finished second in the high jump.
References
Living people
1968 births
Spanish long jumpers
High jumpers
Spanish triple jumpers
Spanish Paralympic silver medalists
1996 Summer Paralympics
Sportspeople with disabilities, type T12
Sportspeople with disabilities, type B2
People from Zaragoza
Marana, Arizona

Marana is a town in Pima County, Arizona, United States.
Towns in Arizona
Emily Rose

Emily Rose Maier (born February 2, 1981) is an American actress. She acts mainly on television. She played Elena Fisher in the Uncharted video games. She plays multiple characters in the Syfy series Haven. Rose was born in Renton, Washington.
References
American television actors
1981 births
Living people
Actors from Washington (state)
Mario Fayos

Mario Fayos was a sprinter from Uruguay. Fayos competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics. He was born on 2 February 1927.
References
Other websites
1927 births
Possibly living people
Uruguayan athletes
Sprinters
Uruguayan Olympians
Sportspeople from Montevideo
Saint-Romain-de-Lerps

Saint-Romain-de-Lerps is a commune of the Ardeche departement in the southern part of France.
Communes in Ardeche
Foy Gordon Chung

Foy Gordon Chung is a retired swimmer from Fiji. Foy competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics. He was born on 10 October 1975.
References
Other websites
1975 births
Living people
Fijian Olympians
Fijian swimmers
Thioether

A thioether is a molecule with the group R-S-R. The first atom in R is a carbon. Thioether take their name from ethers. They have a sulfur instead of an oxygen atom between the two R. Thioethers can have very bad smells like thiols. They can also be called sulfides. The C-S-C bond is at nearly 90 degrees.
Thioethers are important in biology. They are present in some amino acids. Petroleum has many thioethers in it as well. Thioethers can be made in the laboratory by the reaction of a thiol with a base and an electrophile. They can do many interesting reactions. It is easy to oxidise them to sulfoxides and then sulfones.
Dimethyl sulfide is the simplest thioether. It is used in important reactions like the Swern oxidation. This makes aldehydes starting from alcohols.
Functional groups
Organosulfur compounds
Romeo Must Die

Romeo Must Die is a 2000 American action movie. It was the first movie to be directed by Andrzej Bartkowiak. The movie starred Jet Li, Aaliyah, Isaiah Washington, DMX, Russell Wong, Terry Chen, Delroy Lindo, Anthony Anderson, Edoardo Ballerini. It was distributed by Warner Bros. Romeo Must Die is loosely based on the William Shakespeare play ''Romeo and Juilet'.
Refernces
Other websites
2000 action movies
American action movies
Martial arts movies
Warner Bros. movies
Movies directed by Andrzej Bartkowiak
Movies based on plays
Movies set in California
Movies set in Hong Kong
Movies set in Vancouver
Cold cathode

A cold cathode is a cathode (a type of electrode) that is not heated directly by a filament or element, although a cold cathode can heat up during use as a side effect of normal current flow. The term cold cathode is often used to refer to cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs), which are often used where a long life is needed. Applications for cold cathode lamps include general lighting, backlights for LCD TVs and computer monitors, and artistic lighting such as computer case mods and automotive customization.
Electronics
tl:Agapito Flores
DNA (newspaper)

Daily News and Analysis (DNA) is an English language newspaper published from Mumbai. It was launched on July 30, 2005. DNA is Mumbai's fastest growing newspaper. The newspaper has a liberal outlook.
Other websites
Official Website
DNA
2005 establishments in Asia
2000s establishments in India
The Whirlpool (1927 movie)

The Whirlpool () is a 1927 Soviet silent movie directed by Pavel Petrov-Bytov. It stars Tatyana Guretskaya and F. Mikhajlov.
References
Other websites
Russian silent movies
1927 movies
Movies directed by Pavel Petrov-Bytov
Ragamuffin War

The Ragamuffin War (Portuguese: Guerra dos Farrapos or Revolucao Farroupilha) was an uprising that began in southern Brazil. It started in the province (current state) of Rio Grande do Sul in 1835.
References
Other websites
A review of Farroupilha Week in modern RS state
The Farroupilha War
19th century in South America
19th-century rebellions
civil wars
1835
1845
History of Brazil
AT&T

AT&T Inc. (used to be called American Telegraph & Telephone) is the largest provider of both local and long distance fixed telephone services and Internet access in the United States with 71.4 million customers. It is the second largest wireless service provider in the country.
AT&T has been publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange since 1984. It was one of the 30 companies that made up the Dow Jones Industrial Average until 2013, when it was replaced by Apple Inc.
On April 8, 2022, the spinoff of WarnerMedia and its subsequent merger with Discovery, Inc. to form Warner Bros. Discovery was completed. As a result of this merger, HBO Max and other video services were dropped from AT&T's unlimited plan offering.
References
Other websites
Official website
American telephone companies
1983 establishments in the United States
1980s establishments in Texas
Companies based in Dallas
Bendorf, Haut-Rhin

Bendorf is a French commune. It is in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
Communes in Haut-Rhin
Pierre Guénin

Pierre Guenin (19 February 1927 - 1 March 2017) was a French journalist and gay rights activist. He was an early publisher of LGBT magazines in the late 1960s and the 1970s. He was the founder of LGBT movie awards in France. He was the founder of the Prix Pierre Guenin for LGBT activists. He was a journalist for Cinemonde.
Guenin was born in Etampes, France on 19 February 1927.
Guenin founded Editions S.A.N., a publisher of LGBT magazines, in 1967. He was the founding editor of Eden and Olympe, whose writings were forbidden under President Valery Giscard d'Estaing in 1978.
Guenin died on 1 March 2017 from complications from pneumonia in Paris at the age of 90.
List of books
References
1927 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
French journalists
French LGBT people
LGBT rights activists
Gay men
Writers from Paris
Valeer Peirsman

Valeer Peirsman (20 April 1932 - 29 March 2020) was a Belgian sculptor.
She studied at Academy of Sint-Niklaas with Werner Heyndrickx.
Further reading
References
1932 births
2020 deaths
Belgian sculptors
Unincorporated area

An unincorporated area is land that is not part of a town, city, or anything like a town. Often, there are not many people there.
By country
The United States
Often, unincorporated areas are governed by a bigger administration, such as a county. It is usually a place that some people live, but they are not any official city. Sometimes, they are called an unincorporated community.
Some states have different rules for a place to become an official city.
Local government
Local government in the United States
Settlements
Hokkien

Hokkien refers to a Chinese language spoken in Southern Fujian, Taiwan and many Southeast Asian countries such as Malaysia and Singapore. It is similar to Teochew.
Chinese language
Languages of China
British Rail Class 09

The British Rail Class 09 is a class of 0-6-0 diesel locomotive designed primarily for shunting but also short distance freight trips along branch lines. For this reason, though similar to the existing Class 08 shunting locomotives, Class 09s were re-geared to give a maximum top speed of 27.5 mph (44 km/h) at the expense of a lower tractive effort. They originally operated in the Southern Region of British Railways, though following privatisation in 1997 they have been distributed much farther afield.
References
09
Alder

Alder is the common name for about 30 kinds of trees and shrubs of the Alnus genus. They are a part of the birch family (Betulaceae). Most of them are smaller in size. Leaves are mostly deciduous, only very few alders are evergreen.
Alder trees are found in all parts of the northern hemisphere and they are often found on poor and/or wet soil. Alders have alternate simple leaves with a toothed edge. The male flowers are in the form of hanging catkins and the female flowers are much smaller catkin-like structures (see image). The pollen is transferred from the male to the female flower by the wind. The female flower parts develop into little, green, rounded cone-like fruits which turn brown in autumn and open to release the seeds.
The best known species are the Black Alder, which can be seen throughout Europe. The largest is probably the Red Alder, native to North America. It reaches about 32-35 metres in height. The widespread Green Alder is a shrub, rarely more than 5m high. The commonest alder in the UK is the Black Alder, also called the Common Alder or European Alder.
Alder is a preferred tree for bees, especially in spring. It is also used to make charcoal.
Trees
Betulaceae
Coriolis effect

The Coriolis effect is a force that is found in a rotating object. Gaspard Gustave de Coriolis first described the Coriolis effect in 1835 using mathematics. The Coriolis effect can best be seen in hurricanes. In the northern hemisphere, they spin counter-clockwise (because the earth spins counter-clockwise), and in the southern hemisphere they spin clockwise.
One example of the Coriolis effect that is often described is that water flows down a drain in the opposite direction in the northern and southern hemispheres. However, in reality, the force of the Coriolis effect is not strong enough to see in such a small amount of water.
References
Force
Earth
Anna Maria Ferrero

Anna Maria Ferrero (18 February 1934 - 21 May 2018) was an Italian actress. She was born in Rome. From 1962 until her death, Ferrero was married to Jean Sorel. She appeared with Vittorio Gassman in six movies: Lorenzaccio, King Vidor's War and Peace, Kean, which Gassman co-directed, Giovanni dalle bande nere, Le sorprese dell'amore, and Il mattatore.
Ferrero was known for her roles in The Violent Patriot, Bad Girls Don't Cry, and Love and Larceny.
Ferrero died on 21 May 2018 in Paris at the age of 84.
References
Other websites
1934 births
2018 deaths
Italian movie actors
Actors from Rome
Harry Beal

Harry Beal (August 16, 1930 - January 26, 2021) was the first US Navy Seal.
Navy SEAL
Beal joined the U.S. Navy in 1948, first serving aboard the U.S.S. Shenandoah as a gunner's mate. He joined the underwater demolition team, the precursor to the Navy SEALs, in 1955. When the first Navy SEALs team was established in 1962, Beal was the first to volunteer for the elite special operations force. Later, Beal was credited with pulling John Glenn out of the water after his historic spaceflight. Beal became a SEAL instructor, serving until his retirement from the U.S. Navy in 1968.
Later career
Beal later worked for the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation for 20 years until his retirement in 1990. In 2020, a bridge was named after Beal in his hometown of Meyersdale, Pennsylvania. He died on January 26, 2021.
References
1930 births
2021 deaths
Military people from Pennsylvania
Pike County, Georgia

Pike County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, 18,889 people lived there. The county seat is Zebulon.
References
1820s establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
1822 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia (U.S. state) counties
Lewis and Clark State Historic Site

The Lewis and Clark State Historic Site is an attraction in Hartford, Illinois that has been around since 2002. It is ran by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources Division of Historic Preservation. It has recreated Camp Dubois on its grounds for entertainment. The site is at the south end of the Meeting of the Great Rivers Scenic Route.
Buildings and structures in Illinois
Sasebo

is a Japanese city in Nagasaki Prefecture on the island of Kyushu.
It has been recognized as a special city since 2001.
History
In 1866, Sasebo was established as a major port for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN).
Sasebo became an American Naval base in 1945.
Today it is the center of a military district of the or JMSDF.
References
Other websites
Sasebo Tourist Information site in English
Cities in Kyushu
Settlements in Nagasaki Prefecture
Calhoun County, West Virginia

Calhoun County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia.
West Virginia counties
1856 establishments in the United States
19th-century establishments in West Virginia
Durand Line

The Durand Line is the international land border between Afghanistan and Pakistan in South-Central Asia. It was established after an 1897 memorandum of understanding (MoU) between Mortimer Durand of British India and Afghan Amir Abdur Rahman Khan. Referred to as a frontier line, it is named after Mortimer Durand, who was the Foreign Secretary of colonial British India at the time. Later, Abdur Rahman Khan's successor, Amir Habibullah Khan signed a new agreement with Britain which again confirmed the legality of the Durand Line. King Amanullah Khan also accepted Durand line as international border between Afghanistan and British India after signing the Anglo-Afghan treaty of 1919. Article 5 of this treaty, on the basis of which Afghanistan reclaimed its independence, says that Afghanistan accepted all previously agreed border arrangements with British India. Hence, Afghanistan as an independent country recognized Durand line as an international border.
The Durand Line cuts through the Afghan tribal areas, politically dividing ethnic Pashtuns and Baloch people who live on both sides. The line is internationally recognized by many countries as the western border of Pakistan, but Afghan governments after 1947 never recognized it.
Afghan Pashtun leaders claim Pakistani territories and say that the Durand Line is "an issue of historical importance for Afghanistan. The Afghan people, not the government, can take a final decision on it." However, non-Pashtuns Afghans have always recognized durand line as international border between Pakistan and Afghanistan. Similarly, Pakistani Pashtuns have also recognized Durand line as international border between Afghanistan and Pakistan. In 2017 President Hamid Karzai said Afghanistan "will never accept" the Durand Line.
References
Other websites
Pak-Afghan Relations: The Durand Line Issue Institute of Policy Studies, Islamabad
History of Afghanistan
History of Pakistan
1893 establishments
1949 disestablishments in Asia
Borders of Pakistan
Icarus

Icarus was the son of Daedalus. Daedalus was imprisoned in his own invention, the labyrinth. He helped the hero Theseus kill King Minos's beast, the Minotaur, and run away with King Minos's daughter, Ariadne.
Daedelus came up with a plan. He knew that Minos controlled all escape routes by land or sea, so he decided to go by air. He built wings for himself and Icarus. They found their way out of the labyrinth and flew out of the highest tower.
Icarus foolishly ignored his father's advice to fly on the same route as him so that the sun would not melt the wings and the sea would not dampen them. Icarus flew up higher and higher toward the sun, and the wax in the wings melted and he fell into the sea and drowned. Daedalus looked down towards the sea and saw the feathers floating on the water and figured out what happened. Eventually Daedalus found the body and buried it on the island of Icaria, and the sea which Icarus fell into is now called the Icarian Sea.
People in Greek mythology
Metropolis, Illinois

Metropolis is a city in Illinois in the United States. It is the county seat of Massac County, Illinois.
References
Cities in Illinois
County seats in Illinois
Jōō (Kamakura period)

, also romanized as Jo-o, was a Japanese era name (Nian Hao , nengo, lit. year name) after Jokyu and before Gennin. This period started in April 1222 and ended in November 1224. The reigning emperor was Go-Horikawa-tenno.
Events of the Joo Era
1222 (Joo 2): Regulations established concerning salaries for land stewards (jito) who were appointed by the shogunate
9 July 1223 (Joo 2, 20th day of the 6th month): The buildings of the Asama Shrine at the base of Mount Fuji in Suruga province were re-built by Hojo Tokimasa.
Related pages
Kamakura period
References
Other websites
National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
Japanese eras
1222
1223
1224
1220s in Japan
Delle

Delle is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Territoire de Belfort department in northeast France.
References
Communes in Territoire de Belfort
Anti-Hero (song)

"Anti-Hero" is a pop-rock song by Taylor Swift. It was released on October 21, 2022. It is from Swift's tenth studio album, Midnights. The song's lyrics are about depression and self-loathing. This is because the song is inspired by Swift's nightmares and problems with self-loathing. It reached the top 10 on music charts in 38 countries. It broke the global and US records for the most streams for a song's first day on Spotify.
References
2022 songs
Taylor Swift songs
Keisuke Ota

Keisuke Ota (born 23 July 1981) is a Japanese football player. He plays for JEF United Ichihara Chiba.
Club career statistics
|-
|2000||Shimizu S-Pulse||J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0
|-
|2001||Ventforet Kofu||J. League 2||43||11||3||2||2||0||colspan="2"|-||48||13
|-
|2002||rowspan="6"|Shimizu S-Pulse||rowspan="6"|J. League 1||2||0||0||0||6||1||3||0||11||1
|-
|2003||8||0||4||0||1||1||colspan="2"|-||13||1
|-
|2004||29||1||1||0||7||0||colspan="2"|-||37||1
|-
|2005||17||3||1||0||4||1||colspan="2"|-||22||4
|-
|2006||2||0||0||0||2||1||colspan="2"|-||4||1
|-
|2007||2||0||0||0||2||2||colspan="2"|-||4||2
|-
|2007||rowspan="3"|Kashiwa Reysol||rowspan="3"|J. League 1||16||3||1||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||17||3
|-
|2008||34||6||4||0||6||1||colspan="2"|-||44||7
|-
|2009||7||0||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||8||0
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|JEF United Ichihara Chiba||J. League 1||11||0||3||0||0||0||colspan="2"|-||14||0
|-
|2010||J. League 2||||||||||||||||||||
171||24||17||2||31||7||3||0||222||33
171||24||17||2||31||7||3||0||222||33
|}
References
1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Shizuoka Prefecture
Czech Wikipedia

The Czech Wikipedia () is the Czech-language edition of Wikipedia. This edition was started in November 2002.
It is the 26th largest edition.
, it has over 302,000 articles.
References
Other websites
Czech Wikipedia main page
Wikipedias
Websites established in 2002
Rivella

Rivella is a soft drink from Switzerland, created by Robert Barth in 1952, which is produced from milk whey, and therefore includes ingredients such as lactose, lactic acid and minerals. It comes in seven varieties.
Varieties
Rivella Red
Rivella Blue (Rivella Light)
Rivella Green (with green tea extract)
Rivella Rhubarb (in 2014-2016 Rivella CLIQ Rhubarb)
Rivella Tropical Mango
Rivella Yellow (plant-derived Rivella) (2008-2011)
Rivella CLIQ Peach (2014-2016)
Dutch Rivella:
Rivella Original
Rivella Green Tea
Rivella Cranberry
References
Other websites
Rivella Official website
Soft drinks
Alberta Williams King

Alberta Christine Williams King (September 13, 1904 - June 30, 1974) was the mother of Martin Luther King, Jr.. She was married to Martin Luther King, Sr. for 58 years.
She had an important part in the activities of the Ebenezer Baptist Church. The church is now a part of the Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historic Site. She was shot and killed in the church six years after the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.
Biography
Alberta Christine Williams was born on September 13, 1904 in Atlanta, Georgia. Her father was Reverend Adam Daniel Williams. He was then the pastor of the Ebenezer Baptist Church. Jennie Celeste (Parks) Williams was her mother. She earned a teaching certificate at the Hampton Normal and Industrial Institute in 1924. Later the college name became just Hampton University.
Williams met Martin Luther King, Sr. right before she left for school at Hampton. After graduating, she and King got formally engaged at the Ebenezer Baptist Church. She taught for a short time before their Thanksgiving Day wedding in 1926. She then had to quit because married female teachers were not allowed at that time. Martin Luther King Jr. was born on January 15, 1929. He was one of their three children.
Alberta King's mother died on May 18, 1941 of a heart attack. The King family later moved to a large yellow brick house three blocks away. Alberta was president of the Ebenezer Women's Committee from 1950 to 1962. She was also a talented musician who became the choir organist and director at Ebenezer. This may have been the reason her son was interested in Black music and art. By the end of this time, Martin Luther King Sr. and Jr. were sharing the role of pastors of the church.
Death
On June 30, 1974, King was shot dead in a church by a 23-year-old man while she was playing the organ in Atlanta, Georgia. She died six years after the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr., aged 69.
References
Other websites
Find a Grave article on Alberta King
The King Center biography of Martin Luther King Jr
1904 births
1974 deaths
Murdered African-American people
Deaths by firearm in the United States
People from Atlanta
Falmer Stadium

Falmer Stadium, (sometimes called the American Express Community Stadium or the Amex) is a football stadium in the village of Falmer, Sussex. It is the home of Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.. The stadium was finished on 31 May 2011. The first game played was the final game of the Sussex Senior Cup between Brighton and Eastbourne Borough on 16 July 2011.
References
2011 establishments in England
Football stadiums in England
Buildings and structures in East Sussex
One Magnificent Mile

One Magnificent Mile (or One Mag Mile) is a mixed-use high-rise tower located in Chicago, Illinois. It was completed in 1983 at the northern end of Michigan Avenue on the Magnificent Mile. It stands at 673.01 ft (205 m).
Related pages
List of tallest buildings in Chicago
References
Other websites
Skyscrapers in Chicago
1983 establishments in the United States
1980s establishments in Illinois
Samane Viyaket

Lieutenant General Samane Viyaket (3 March 1927 - 22 July 2016) was a Laotian national politician. He was the President of the National Assembly of Laos from 1993 to 2006.
He was born in Phichit Province, Siam. He was in charge of ideological and cultural works of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP).
He died on 22 July 2016 at the age of 89.
References
1927 births
2016 deaths
Presidents of the National Assembly (Laos)
Kumamoto

is the capital city of Kumamoto Prefecture in Japan.
Kumamoto is in the south central part of Kyushu. Kumamoto is an ordinance-designated city since April 1, 2012.
History
In 1600, Kumamoto Castle was built by Kato Kiyomasa; and the city grew around it.
References
Other websites
Official site of Kumamoto City
Kumamoto International Mailing List
Cities in Kyushu
Settlements in Kumamoto Prefecture
Louise Hay

Louise Lynn Hay (October 8, 1926 - August 30, 2017) was an American motivational author and the founder of Hay House. She authored several New Thought self-help books, including the 1984 book, You Can Heal Your Life. She was born in Los Angeles, California.
Hay died in Los Angeles of natural causes on August 30, 2017 at the age of 90.
References
Other websites
1926 births
2017 deaths
Disease-related deaths in Los Angeles
American activists
Writers from Los Angeles
Constituencies of Switzerland

There are 26 constituencies (, , ) in Switzerland. They each represent one canton and are used in both chambers of the Federal Assembly: the National Council (the lower house) and the Council of States (the upper house).
List
References
Switzerland
Rhynchosaur

Rhynchosaurs were a group of Triassic diapsid reptiles related to the archosaurs. They were herbivores, and at times abundant (in some fossil localities accounting for 40 to 60% of specimens found), with stocky bodies and a powerful beak.
They became extinct at the End-Triassic extinction event.
Reptiles
Fossils
Senna Comasco

Senna Comasco is a comune in the Province of Como in the Italian region of Lombardy.
Settlements in Lombardy
Cochran, Georgia

Cochran is a city in Bleckley County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 5,150. The city is the county seat of Bleckley County.
References
County seats in Georgia
British Rail Metro-Cammell

In 1955, Metropolitan Cammell produced its first lightweight Diesel multiple units, the prototypes of what were to become British Rail's most successful and longest-lived First Generation Dmu the Class 101.
Metro-Cammell
Metropolitan Cammell multiple units
Militarism

Militarism or militarist ideology is a view on society.
It says society should be like the military.
This means that society should follow concepts that can be found in the culture, system and people of the military. People that say militarism is good are called militarists.
Most important to militarists is discipline. Discipline means to follow a set of rules.
It also means training that follows such rules. A strong military is good for discipline.
There are many areas where moral goals and the culture of the military can be applied. Most notable are private business, government, education and entertainment.
Militarism is related to militarization, and militarist countries often have a strong military. Thus Sparta in Ancient Greece, and Prussia in the 19th century were militarist and had more powerful armies than other states their size. North Korea is a good example in modern times. In militarist states the military either run the government, or greatly influence it. Often the head of state is a military person, though that does not always mean the society is militarised.
Military
Tages-Anzeiger

Tages-Anzeiger is a large Swiss newspaper, which is focused on the Greater Zurich region. In Switzerland, it is often called Tagi. It is the newspaper with the highest circulation, among the subscription-based newspapers in Switzerland. It reaches about 338,000 people a day. Together with Blick and Neue Zurcher Zeitung, it is one of the most influential newspapers in the German-speaking part of Switzerland. The newspaper often has a left-wing, liberal focus.
Tages-Anzeiger was first published on March 2, 1893. It wanted to reach a large readership, and also targeted women. It also wanted to be seen as independent of political parties. In 1931, Adolf Hitler published an article, "Was wollen wir Nationalsozialisten", in 1933, Benito Mussolini published seven articles. Winston Churchill also published articles.
Swiss newspapers
German-language newspapers
Terence Tao

Terence Chi-Shen Tao (born 17 July 1975) is a Chinese-Australian mathematician who currently resides in the United States. In 2006, Tao won the Fields Medal for his work in number theory. Tao shared the award with three other mathematicians. He also won the FRS in 2007. He is known for his studies in harmonic analysis, partial differential equations, combinatorics, analytic number theory and representation theory. Tao teaches math at UCLA.
Life
Tao was born in Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. His parents are Han. Tao is the youngest person to be in the International Mathematical Olympiad.
Ever since he was a young child he had shown great skills in mathematics and logic.
His father claimed that at the age of 2, during a family gathering, the infant Tao taught a 5-year-old child mathematics and English. According to Smithsonian Online Magazine, Tao taught himself arithmetic by the age of two. When asked by his father how he knew numbers and letters, he said he learned them from "Sesame Street". Aside from English, Tao speaks fluent Cantonese, but does not write Chinese. He was promoted to a full professor at age 24. He currently lives with his wife and son in Los Angeles, California.
Other websites
Terence Tao's home page
Clay Research Award Announcement
Australian wins highest maths prize , by Charisse Ede, August 22, 2006, from AAP
BBC story
New York Times story
Mozart of Maths, Sydney Morning Herald, Deborah Smith, August 26, 2006.
Maths Architect of Beauty , Seed Magazine, by Jordan Ellenberg, Posted September 21, 2006
Fields Medalists
1975 births
Living people
Scientists from South Australia
Chinese mathematicians
Child prodigies
People from Adelaide
American bloggers
Number theorists
Kenta Shimizu

Kenta Shimizu (born 18 September 1981) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Montedio Yamagata.
Club career statistics
|-
|2000||rowspan="6"|Kashiwa Reysol||rowspan="6"|J. League 1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2001||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2002||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2003||3||0||2||0||1||0||6||0
|-
|2004||2||0||0||0||1||0||3||0
|-
|2005||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
|-
|2005||rowspan="6"|Montedio Yamagata||rowspan="4"|J. League 2||5||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0
|-
|2006||43||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||44||0
|-
|2007||48||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||49||0
|-
|2008||42||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||43||0
|-
|2009||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||34||0||0||0||4||0||38||0
|-
|2010||||||||||||||||
177||0||6||0||6||0||189||0
177||0||6||0||6||0||189||0
|}
References
1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Chiba Prefecture
Ilkka Sinisalo

Ilkka Antero Jouko Sinisalo (July 10, 1958 - April 5, 2017) was a Finnish professional ice hockey forward. He was born in Valkeakoski, Finland.
Sinisalo played eleven seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Philadelphia Flyers, Minnesota North Stars and Los Angeles Kings. Later he was a scout for the Flyers.
Sinisalo died in Helsinki, Finland from prostate cancer on April 5, 2017, aged 58.
References
1958 births
2017 deaths
Cancer deaths in Finland
Deaths from prostate cancer
Finnish ice hockey players
Philadelphia Flyers players
Minnesota North Stars players
Los Angeles Kings players
International Hockey League (1945-2001) players
Goblin

A goblin is a legendary evil or mischievous creature, described as a grotesquely evil. They are attributed with various abilities, temperaments and appearances depending on the story and country of origin.
It also is a creature famous for its ugly appearance.
Related pages
Orc
The Hobbit
Troll
Oni (folklore)
Legendary creatures
Neufahrn bei Freising

Neufahrn bei Freising () is a municipality in the district of Freising, in Bavaria, Germany. It has about 20,000 residents and is near the river Isar, 12 km southwest of Freising and 20 km northeast of Munich.
It is a stop on the Munich-Regensburg line and is served by S1 trains, running from Munich to Freising.
References
Gallery
Other websites
Freising (district)
Chironex fleckeri

Chironex fleckeri, commonly known as sea wasp, is a well-known, lethal, venomous species of Box jellyfish. It lives in coastal waters from northern Australia and New Guinea north to the Philippines and Vietnam. Humans can easily be killed by its sting. It is considered the most lethal jellyfish in the world because of the numerous incidents resulting in injury or death to humans.
References
Other websites
Distribution of Box Jellyfish in Australia
Jellyfish
Venomous animals
Norbert Blüm

Norbert Blum (21 July 1935 - 23 April 2020) was a German politician. He was federal legislator from North Rhine-Westphalia, chairman of the CDU North Rhine-Westphalia (1987-1999), and minister of labor and social affairs from 1982 to 1988. His slogan "The pension is safe" ("Die Rente ist sicher") has been remembered. He was a member of the German Bundestag from 1972 to 1981 and from 1983 to 2002.
Blum was born in Russelsheim am Main, then Nazi Germany. Due to a sepsis he was paralyzed in arms and legs since 2019. He died on 23 April 2020 in Bonn, Germany at the age of 84.
References
1935 births
2020 deaths
German politicians
Deaths from sepsis