pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Lucifugum

Lucifugum is a black metal band from Ukraine.
History
Lucifugum is a popular black metal band from Ukraine. They and Nokturnal Mortum are two of the best-known exponents of the East European black metal scene. Lucifugum was formed in 1995 by poet/composer Khlyst and musicians Bal-a-Myth (guitar, bass) and Faunus (vocals). The band continues to perform, despite Faunus having left the band in 2001, and Bal-a-Myth having died in his sleep on October 5, 2002; the albums Back to Chopped Down Roots and Sociopath: Philosophy Cynicism were recorded in 2003 by numerous session musicians which, however, did not join the band. In 2004 Khlyst moved to the Ukrainian town Mykolayiv (Nikolaev) to continue the activity of Lucifugum and Propaganda together with local black metal musician Elena (aka Stabaath) (ex-Namtar, ex-Hesperus). Vector33 is the first album with Stabaath (she recorded vocals, guitar, bass, and keyboards). All lyrics are written by Khlyst, and music is composed by Stabaath and Khlyst. Khlyst and Stabaath (real names Igor and Elena Naumchuk) are married. They are the owners of black metal label Propaganda.
The music of Lucifugum was different and changed during the years. The early period can be described as symphonic black metal (1996-2000), later it was black/thrash metal, sometimes with death metal touches (2001-2003), and after 2004 the music of the band has transformed into pure black metal style.
According to Propaganda web site (details to album "Sublimessiah") Khlyst performs vocals since 2014. The critical problems with Stabaath's throat have stopped her during the record of the vocal. So, there are just 3 tracks (1,3,5) with Stabaath's vocals on "Sublimessiah".
Band members
Khlyst (Igor Naumchuk) - vocals (2014-), lyrics (1995-), drum programming (2008-)
Stabaath (Elena Naumchuk) - guitars, bass (2004-), vocals (2004-2014), keyboards (2005)
Former members
Bal-a-Myth (deceased) - guitars, bass (1995-2002)
Faunus - vocals (1995-2001)
Discography
Gates of Nocticula - 1996
Path of Wolf - 1996
Through the Indifferent Sky - 1997
on the sortilage of Christianity - 1999
On hooks to pieces! - 2000
...and the Wheel keeps crunching... - 2001
Stigma Egoism - 2002
...back to chopped down roots - 2003
Sociopath: philosophy cynicism - 2003
Vector33 - 2005
The Supreme Art of Genocide - 2005
Involtation - 2006
Sectane Satani - 2007
Acme Adeptum - 2008
Xa Heresy - 2010
Od Omut Serpenti - 2012
Sublimessiah - 2014
Agonia Agnosti - 2016
Infernalistica - 2018
Tri nity limb ritual - 2020
Music videos
2000 - "Vse Materi Umirayut"
2003 - "Sociopath: Philosophy Cynicism"
2005 - "Na Smertj"
Other websites
Lucifugum interview for Ophiolatry Zine (Russia)
Lucifugum at Metal Archives
Lucifugum at Discogs
Black metal label Propaganda (owned by Khlyst and Stabaath)
Lucifugum biography @ Rockdetector
Adipocere records
BlackMetal.Com
Drakkar productions
Black metal bands
Clodomir Santos de Morais

Clodomir Santos de Morais, PhD (30 September 1928 - 25 March 2016), was a Brazilian sociologist. He worked with the Organization Workshop (OW) and the associated Activity-based Large Group Capacitation Method (LGCM).
In the 1940s and 1950s de Morais worked as a trade unionist and a journalist. He became a member of the Pernambuco State Assembly and co-founder of the Ligas Camponesas (Peasant Leagues). After the 1964 coup he was forced into exile, first in Chile, and, as ILO Regional Advisor on Agrarian Reform for Central America, he later worked as Agrarian Reform consultant in Latin America, Portugal and Africa.
After the end of military rule de Morais returned to Brazil in 1988, answering a call from the University of Brasilia to help in the 'hidden civil war' of unemployment.
References
Works
.Van Dam was translated into Dutch in 1983 re:
1928 births
2016 deaths
Brazilian academics
Brazilian sociologists
Alvard Petrossyan

Alvard Petrossyan (, October 4, 1946 - March 10, 2022) was an Armenian writer, philologist, publicist and politician. She was born in Yerevan, Armenia. She was a deputy in the National Assembly for the Armenian Revolutionary Federation from 1999 until 2012.
Petrossyan died on March 10, 2022 in Yerevan at the age of 75.
References
1946 births
2022 deaths
Armenian writers
Armenian politicians
People from Yerevan
Highland Haven, Texas

Highland Haven is a city in Burnet County, Texas, United States.
Cities in Texas
International Hotel Management Institute

International Hotel Management Institute or IMI University Center is a Hotel Management school in Switzerland. IMI is offering programs form Certificate to Bachelor and MBA Master degree. The teaching language is English.
IMI is offering Dual Degree through IMI-MMU the Manchester Metropolitan University in UK.
In IMI there are around 35 nationalities and the Staff is from many different countries.
Brief history
In 1991 the IMI has started with the name "International Hotel Management Institute" with 55 students in weggis. In 1995 IMI had around 180 students per semester.
The mean Campus is near the Luzern and 2014 the new accommodation will be ready for around 500 students.
Courses
* Certificate in International Hotel and Tourism Management
* Diploma in International Hotel and Tourism Management
* Higher Diploma in International Hotel Management
* Higher Diploma in International Tourism Management
* Higher Diploma in International Hotel and Tourism Management
* Higher Diploma in European Culinary Management
* BA Degree with Honours in International Hotel Management
* BA Degree with Honours in International Hotel and Tourism Management
* BA Degree with Honours in International Hotel and Events Management
* BA Degree with Honours in International Tourism Management
* BA Degree with Honours in International Tourism and Events Management
* BA Degree with Honours in European Culinary Management
Postgraduate courses
* Master of Business Administration (MBA) in International Hospitality Management
* Postgraduate Diploma in International Hospitality Management
Other courses
* Foundation in English Studies Course (FESC)
* University English Preparatory Course (UEPC)
* Intensive English Certificate (IEC)
References
Other websites
IMI University Centre in Arabic
IMI University Centre in English
IMI University Centre in Chinese
IMI University Centre in Russian
IMI University Centre in Ukrainian language
IMI University Centre in Korean
Event Management institute in Delhi
IMI University Centre in Japanese
Schools in Switzerland
Brick

A brick is a man-made building material used to make walls and make places to walk. It is a single unit of a kneaded clay-bearing soil, sand and lime, or concrete material, fire-hardened or air-dried, used in masonry construction.
Bricks are made mostly of clay. They are put into molds or cut with wires, and then baked in an oven. The color of a brick depends on the clay from which it was made.
Masons build brick walls. They join bricks together using mortar.
Bricks can be assembled into many different patterns. The most common pattern is called "running bond". A row of bricks is called a course.
Bricks used outdoors on the ground are called "pavers". Engineering bricks are used for high load-bearing walls, and for damp-proof courses. They are more expensive, and are made of better clays and fired at a higher temperature.
History
The oldest shaped bricks found date back to 7500 B.C. They have been found in Cayonu, a place in the upper Tigris area in south east Anatolia, close to Diyarbakir. A bit later, between 7000 and 6395 BC, bricks come from Jericho and Catal Huyuk.
Fired bricks are one of the longest-lasting and strongest building materials. They have been used since about 3000 BC in early Indus Valley cities. Sun-dried mud bricks are much older, and quite satisfactory in hot, dry climates. Fired bricks are much more resistant to cold and moist weather conditions. They allow permanent building in regions where the harsher climate prevents the use of mud bricks.
Most bricks from all places tend to be about the same size: ~9 x ~4 1/4 x ~2 1/2 inches or 250 x 120 x 65 mm. This is because they are picked up by the brickie in one hand, while in his other hand is a trowel with cement on it.
Cement
Just as bricks are ancient (probably Neolithic in origin), so is cement. That is (in comparison) a more recent invention. The ancient Greeks and Romans used cement. Older civilizations knew, however, that bricks needed to be stuck together. The Babylonians and Assyrians used bitumen to bind together burnt brick or alabaster slabs. Bitumen comes out of the ground naturally in a few places. It is a black oily substance of organic origin, like oil or pitch.
In Ancient Egypt, stone blocks were cemented together with a mortar made of sand and roughly burnt gypsum (CaSO4 * 2H2O), which often contained calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
Other images
References
Basic English 850 words
Building materials
Brent Struyf

Brent Struyf (born 21 June 1995) is a Belgian korfball player. He is a member of Boeckenberg KC and the Belgium national korfball team.
Struyf started playing with the Dutch club DVO in 2015. He moved back to Belgium in 2018.
With the national team she won the silver medal at the 2022 World Games in Birmingham, Alabama. After the 2022 World Games, Hardies retired as an international korball player. He played a total of 42 games for the Belgian team.
Achievements
Club
Topkorfbal League champion (indoor), 4x (2013, 2015, 2016, 2020)
, champion, 1x (2014)
, champion (outdoor), 2x (2013, 2014, 2015, 2016)
National team
World Games
2017 World Games
2022 World Games
IKF World Korfball Championship
2015 IKF World Korfball Championship
2019 IKF World Korfball Championship
European Korfball Championship
2016 IKF European Korfball Championship
4th 2018 IKF European Korfball A-Championship
2021 IKF European Korfball A-Championship
References
1995 births
Living people
Belgian korfball players
Courtételle

Courtetelle is a municipality of the district of Delemont in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
http://www.courtetelle.ch
Municipalities of Jura
Richard Scarry

Richard McClure Scarry (June 5, 1919 - April 30, 1994) was an American author and illustrator. He published over 300 books with over 100 million sales worldwide. His work became popular in the 1960s, and led to a cartoon show on Showtime (TV channel) and Nickelodeon.
References
Other websites
Bio
Writers from Boston
1919 births
1994 deaths
Ali Kafi

Ali Kafi (; ALA-LC: 'Ali Kafi; 7 October 1928 - 16 April 2013) was an Algerian politician who was Chairman of the High Council of State and acting President from 1992 to 1994.
Kafi died at the age of 84 on 16 April 2013 in Geneva, Switzerland.
References
1928 births
2013 deaths
Presidents of Algeria
Étueffont

Etueffont is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Territoire de Belfort department in northeast France.
References
Communes in Territoire de Belfort
Jackson Hole

Jackson Hole (originally called Jackson's Hole) is a valley between the Gros Ventre and Teton mountain ranges in the U.S. state of Wyoming, near the border with Idaho. The term "hole" was used by early trappers, or mountain men, as a term for a large mountain valley.
Jackson Hole is 55 miles long (89 km) long by 6-to-13 miles wide (10 to 21 km) and is a graben valley with an average elevation of 6,800 ft (2,100 m), its lowest point being near the southern park boundary at 6,350 ft (1,940 m).
References
Valleys of the United States
Geography of Wyoming
Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)

The Siege of Jerusalem in the year 70 CE was the decisive event of the First Jewish-Roman War, in which the Roman army captured the city of Jerusalem and destroyed both the city and its Temple.
Results
It is said that 1.1 million non-combatants died in the siege. 60,000 Jews were taken captive, and forced into slavery.
70
Wars and battles of Ancient Rome
Jewish history
Jerusalem
Jacques Brunhes

Jacques Brunhes (7 October 1934 - 30 September 2020) was a French politician. He was a member of the French Communist Party. Brunhes was born in Paris.
He represented Hauts-de-Seine in the National Assembly from 1978 to 2007. Between 2001 to 2002, he was the Minister of Tourism. Before, between 1987 to 2001, he was Mayor of Gennevilliers.
Brunhes died on 30 September 2020 at the age of 85.
References
1934 births
2020 deaths
French mayors
Politicians from Paris
Sergio Fantoni

Sergio Fantoni (7 August 1930 - 17 April 2020) was an Italian actor. He was born in Rome. He was known for his role as Haman in Esther and the King. Fantoni was also known for his television role in The Manageress.
Fantoni died on 17 April 2020 in Rome, aged 89.
References
1930 births
2020 deaths
Italian movie actors
Italian television actors
Actors from Rome
St. Helier railway station

St Helier railway station opened in 1930. The only operator for the station is Thameslink. The station is in Fare Zone 4.
Platforms
There are two platforms for this station. Platform 1 is for trains towards Luton. Platform 2 is for trains towards Sutton (Surrey).
Frequency
This list shows the frequency of trains on typical off-peak hours.
Up (northbound)
2 trains to Luton via Wimbledon station
Down (southbound)
2 trains to Sutton (Surrey)
Buses
London buses route 154 and S4 operates at this station.
Departures
This table shows the departures from this station with the calling points and the time that is taken to get to the end of the line.
Other websites
1930 establishments in Europe
1930s establishments in England
Lorain County, Ohio

Lorain County is a county of Ohio in the United States. In 2010, 301,356 people lived there. The county seat is Elyria.
Ohio counties
1824 establishments in Ohio
1820s establishments in Ohio
Torri Higginson

Sarah Victoria "Torri" Higginson (born Burlington, Ontario, December 6, 1969) is a Canadian actress. She is best known for her roles in the TekWar movies and series, The English Patient, Bliss, and Stargate Atlantis.
Career
Higginson took over the role of Dr. Elizabeth Weir from Jessica Steen in a guest spot on the season eight opener of Stargate SG-1. She was then carried over as the leader of the Atlantis expedition on Stargate Atlantis and played that role until the end of the show's third season. She was reduced from a main cast member to a recurring role in the fourth season. She did not play the role for the show's fifth season.
1969 births
Living people
Canadian movie actors
Canadian television actors
Men Behind the Sun

Men Behind the Sun (, literally meaning "Black Sun: 731") is a 1988 war-based horror movie. When it was released, the movie was rated III under the Hong Kong rating system (similar to the United States MPAA rating NC-17). The movie is about Unit 731, a Japanese biological and chemical warfare research and development unit which operated during World War II with graphic materials. It was banned in some countries.
In Australia, it was refused classification. It was later rerated R18 on appeal.
In the United States, the movie was released without a rating.
1988 thriller movies
1980s historical movies
1980s war movies
Hong Kong movies
Chinese movies
Mandarin-language movies
Obscenity controversies
1988 independent movies
World War II movies
Movies directed by Tun-Fei Mou
Glottalic theory

The glottalic theory is that Proto-Indo-European had ejective stops instead of voiced stops and so it had p' t' k', not b d g, as the traditional version of the Proto-Indo-European sound system.
The glottalic theory was made in the United States by Paul Hopper and in the Soviet Union by Thomas V. Gamkrelidze and Vyacheslav V. Ivanov. The earliest theory was made by the Danish linguist Holger Pedersen that did not have glottalized sounds.
Earlier linguists, such as Andre Martinet and Morris Swadesh, saw the potential of replacing glottalic sounds for the supposed plain voiced stops of Proto-Indo-European. The idea stayed hypothetical until more evidence for it was published in 1973 by Hopper in the journal Glossa and by Gamkrelidze and Ivanov in the journal Phonetica.
Sources
Paul J. Hopper, "Glottalized and murmured occlusives in Indo-European." Glossa 7:2:1973, 141-166.
Thomas V. Gamkrelidze and Vjacheslav V. Ivanov, Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans, translated by Johanna Nichols, 2 volumes. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1995.
Robert S.P. Beekes, Comparative Indo-European Linguistics. John Benjamins, 1995.
Anthony Fox, Linguistic Reconstruction. Oxford, 1995.
Pronunciation
Tokyo Shidax LSC

was a Japanese women's football team which played in Nadeshiko League.
Club name
FC Kodaira: 1982 - 1988
Shinko Seiko FC Clair: 1989 - 1992
Tokyo Shidax LSC: 1993 - 1996
Results
Other websites
1982 establishments in Japan
1990s disestablishments in Japan
1996 disestablishments
Japanese football clubs
Tokyo
Sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance

Sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance is a diagnostic method in epidemiology. It has been used in the Soviet Japanese campaign in WWII immediately behind the first echelon of tanks and mechanized vehicles of advancing Soviet army should they encounter any particular contagious disease as withdrawing enemy forces had poisoned many wells and water sources.
The use of sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance or similar practices in the armed forces is mentioned elsewhere. The Polish contingents serving under the UN auspices focused their tasks among others on ... sanitary-epidemiological reconnaissance ...
Sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance is a collection and transfer of all data available on sanitary and epidemiological situation of the area of possible deployment and action of armed forces, the same data for the neighbouring and enemy armed forces. The aim for the reconnaissance is to clear up the reasons of the specific disease origin- sources of the infection in extreme situations, including local wars and armed conflicts, the ways of the infection transfer and all factors promoting to the infestation. It should result in revealing of the patients and persons, suspected to the specific disease, their isolation and hospitalization. Mobile equipped group for sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance includes: epidemiologist, specialist on infections, assistant of epidemiologist (bacteriologist- lab assistant), medical orderly (if necessary, the group will include zoologist or parasitologist). After the armed forces have become stationary during wartime and emergency of peace time the sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance turns into sanitary and epidemiological surveillance of vital and communal activity of the armed forces.
In 2010 at The Meeting of the States Parties to the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and Their Destruction in Geneva
the sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance was suggested as means for monitoring of infections and parasitic agents and for practical implementation of the International Health Regulations (2005). The aim was to prevent and minimize the consequences of natural outbreaks of dangerous infectious diseases, the treat of alleged use of biological weapons. The sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance will be important in assessing the sanitary-epidemiological situation, organizing and conducting preventive activities, indicating and identifying pathogenic biological agents, suppressing hotbeds of infectious diseases, providing advisory and practical assistance to local health authorities.
Sanitary epidemiological reconnaissance (inspection) or a similar practice and specific indication in the hotbed should be performed immediately after the receiving of the information about bio-terrorism attack.
References
Epidemiology
War
Türkenfeld

Turkenfeld (German literally: "Turkfield") is a municipality in Furstenfeldbruck in Bavaria in Germany.
Geography
Turkenfeld is about 14 km south-west of Furstenfeldbruck and 37 km west of Munich. The municipality has incorporated the communities of Burgholz, Klotzau, Turkenfeld, Peutenmuhle, Pleitmannswang, and Zankenhausen.
References
Timeline of Turkenfeld
Other websites
Furstenfeldbruck (district)
Mouth

For the geographical meaning of mouth see River
The mouth is an opening in the face and is the first part of the alimentary canal (digestive system). It is the place where food is chewed. The mouth has teeth to help eat/chew the food.
In addition to its main role as the start of the digestive system, in humans the mouth also plays a great part in communication. The tongue, lips, and jaw, which are parts of the mouth, are needed to produce the number of sounds in human language. People also kiss and show their feelings with the mouth.
Basic English 850 words
East Wallabi Island Airport

East Wallabi Island Airport is the main airfield serving the Houtman Abrolhos islands. It is located on East Wallabi Island.
Airlines and destinations
References
Airports in Australia
Houtman Abrolhos
Rupert Davies

Rupert Davies (22 May 191622 November 1976) was a British actor. He is best known for playing the title role in the BBC's 1960s television adaptation of Maigret, based on Georges Simenon's Maigret novels.
Davies was born in Liverpool. He died in London from cancer, aged 60.
Other websites
Rupert Davies's appearance on This Is Your Life
1916 births
1976 deaths
Actors from Liverpool
Cancer deaths in London
English movie actors
English stage actors
English television actors
St. Helena, California

St. Helena ( ; Wappo: Anakotanoma, "Bull Snake Village") is a city in Napa County, California. The population was 5,430 at the 2020 census.
References
Cities in California
Settlements in Napa County, California
Dhurnal

Dhurnal is a village and Union Council, an administrative subdivision, of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. It is part of Talagang Tehsil and is located at 32deg 48' 0"N 72deg 6' 0"E.
References
Union Councils of Chakwal District
Nova Bus LFS HEV

The Nova Bus LFS HEV is a diesel electric hybrid version of the Nova Bus LFS. It was launched at the 2006 CUTA Trans-Expo in Toronto. The first examples went to STO at the beginning of 2007. The Nova Bus LFS HEV has Diesel Electric Hybrid Propulsion.
Electric vehicles
Buses
Rivel

Rivel is a commune of 199 people (2017). It is in the region Occitanie in the Aude department in the south of France.
Communes in Aude
Dimitar Berbatov

Dimitar Berbatov (born 30 January 1981) is a Bulgarian football player. He plays for Fulham and Bulgaria national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1998/99||Pirin Blagoevgrad||A PFG||9||2||0||0||colspan="2"|-||0||0||9||2
|-
|1998/99||rowspan="3"|CSKA Sofia||rowspan="3"|A PFG||11||3||5||3||colspan="2"|-||0||0||16||6
|-
|1999/00||27||14||4||2||colspan="2"|-||2||0||33||16
|-
|2000/01||12||8||0||0||colspan="2"|-||4||7||16||15
|-
|2000/01||rowspan="6"|Bayer Leverkusen||rowspan="6"|Bundesliga||6||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||6||0
|-
|2001/02||24||8||6||6||0||0||11||2||41||16
|-
|2002/03||24||3||0||0||1||0||7||2||31||5
|-
|2003/04||33||16||3||3||2||0||0||0||36||19
|-
|2004/05||33||20||1||1||0||0||10||5||44||26
|-
|2005/06||34||21||2||3||1||0||2||0||38||24
|-
|2006/07||rowspan="3"|Tottenham Hotspur||rowspan="3"|Premier League||33||12||5||3||3||1||8||7||49||23
|-
|2007/08||36||15||2||2||6||1||8||5||52||23
|-
|2008/09||1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||1||0
|-
|2008/09||rowspan="2"|Manchester United||rowspan="2"|Premier League||31||9||3||1||0||0||9||4||43||14
|-
|2009/10||||||||||||||||||||
59||27||9||5||colspan="2"|-||6||7||74||39
154||68||12||13||4||0||30||9||200||90
101||38||10||6||9||2||25||16||145||60
314||133||31||24||13||2||61||32||419||189
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1999||1||0
|-
|2000||3||2
|-
|2001||8||4
|-
|2002||5||2
|-
|2003||8||7
|-
|2004||13||9
|-
|2005||10||7
|-
|2006||6||0
|-
|2007||9||8
|-
|2008||7||2
|-
|2009||8||7
|-
|2010||||
|-
!Total||78||48
|}
References
1981 births
Living people
Bulgarian footballers
Jennifer Coolidge

Jennifer Coolidge (born August 28, 1963 in Boston, Massachusetts) is an American movie and television actress and comedian. She acted in American Pie in 1999 and Legally Blonde in 2001. She has a recurring role in the 2011 television series 2 Broke Girls. She also acted in many other movies and television programs.
Other websites
1963 births
Living people
American television actors
American movie actors
Actors from Boston
Chas Hodges

Charles Nicholas "Chas" Hodges (28 December 1943 - 22 September 2018) was an English musician and singer. He was one half of the musical duo Chas & Dave with Dave Peacock. He was the lead vocalist of Chas & Dave from 1975 until his death. The pair released sixteen albums in total. He was born in Edmonton, Middlesex.
In February 2017, Hodges said he had oesophageal cancer. He died of pneumonia complicated from organ failure on 22 September 2018, at the age of 74.
References
Other websites
1943 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Deaths from multiple organ failure
British keyboardists
English pianists
English pop singers
English rock guitarists
English rock singers
Musicians from Middlesex
AS Val

The AS also referred to as "Val" is a special assault rifle designed (created) by the Soviets. It has a built-in suppresor. The development began in the first half of the late 1980s in the Central Research Institute of Precision Engineering, in the city of Klimovsk part of the Moscow region. The lead designer of the rifle is Pyotr Serdyukov.
TsNIITochMash (Central Institute for Precision Machine Building) developed it in 1987. Since 1987, the Soviet Army and the KGB used it in their arsenal. Russian Spetsnaz special forces and some divisions of the Russian Army also use it.
The AS is expensive and there are not many available. It is not used often according to many Russian Spetsnaz operators. It is used during special operations by either sabotage or reconnaissance units deployed behind enemy lines.
The AS and VSS are very effective. Some Russian army and special forces units, and Moscow's intelligence and security forces still use it. Forces used the rifles during the last years of the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan. They were also important in the Chechen wars and the conflict in Georgia.
Most recently, Russia used the weapon during military operations in Crimea and Syria.
Design
The AS has an effective range of about 300 m. It uses heavy subsonic 9x39mm SP-6 (high-performance armor-piercing) ammunition (which weigh down the bullet). It also uses the SP-5 ball cartridge used by the VSS Vintorez suppressed sniper rifle. It can also use the same 10- or 20-round magazines of the VSS and the 30-round magazine of the SR-3M. Controls are similar to all AK-type rifles. It has a charging handle on the right side, a tangent rear sight, a magazine release button behind the magazine well, and a safety lever above the trigger guard. The fire selector is located within the trigger guard, behind the trigger.
The rifle has two modes of fire: semi-automatic and fully automatic fire. It has a cyclic rate of fire of 900 rounds per minute (RPM). According to its users, the AS is reliable, accurate, and well liked.
The rifle has an AK-type side mount for various optical sights. For example, it has the 4x PSO-1 scope and night sights such as the 1PN51 calibrated for use with the 9x39mm cartridge. The standard open sights are graduated up to 400 m in 25 m increments.
The AS shares 70% of its components with its sister-gun, the VSS Vintorez. The differences are a skeletonized steel stock which folds to the left for storage and transportation (the gun can operate with stock folded, but it cannot have a scope while the stock is folded).
The reliability of the rifle is said to be equivalent to the AKM. This includes functioning in difficult conditions such as dust, dirt, sand, rain, and at a temperature range from -50 degC to +50 degC.
References
Assault rifles
Soviet Union
M. T. Liggett

Myron Thomas "M. T." Liggett (December 28, 1930 - August 17, 2017) was an American folk sculptor. He was born near Mullinville, Kansas. He exhibited hundreds of his artworks on the roads of Mullinville.
His works were often made of painted, welded metal and often contained re-used farm implements, such as combine discs. His art is often critical of politicians on the local, state, and federal level. Many of his works are kinetic and move with the wind.
Work
Liggett's main work was the land along his front fence, on the north side of U.S. Route 400 in Mullinville. He was also a featured artist at the Folk Art Museum in Lucas, Kansas.
He and some of his sculptures appear in the 2009 documentary What's the Matter with Kansas?.
Death
Liggett, suffering from brain cancer, died on August 17, 2017 in Wichita, Kansas of kidney failure at the age of 86.
References
Other websites
M.T. Liggett's Political Sculptures
Kanza Art Studio - The art of M.T. Liggett
1930 births
2017 deaths
Cancer deaths in Kansas
Deaths from renal failure
Deaths from brain cancer
American sculptors
People from Kansas
Vérignon

Verignon is a commune of 9 people (2019). It is in Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France.
Communes in Var
Dublin, Pennsylvania

Dublin is a borough in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2010 census, 2,158 people live in Dublin.
Boroughs in Pennsylvania
Ryuta Hara

Ryuta Hara (born 19 April 1981) is a former Japanese football player.
Club career statistics
|-
|2000||rowspan="4"|Nagoya Grampus Eight||rowspan="4"|J. League 1||12||2||2||0||2||0||16||2
|-
|2001||2||1||0||0||2||0||4||1
|-
|2002||18||5||3||2||2||0||23||7
|-
|2003||19||1||0||0||5||0||24||1
|-
|2004||Kyoto Purple Sanga||J. League 2||12||0||1||2||colspan="2"|-||13||2
|-
|2005||rowspan="2"|Montedio Yamagata||rowspan="2"|J. League 2||36||12||0||0||colspan="2"|-||36||12
|-
|2006||27||5||2||1||colspan="2"|-||29||6
|-
|2007||rowspan="3"|Shonan Bellmare||rowspan="3"|J. League 2||39||11||2||1||colspan="2"|-||41||12
|-
|2008||31||5||1||1||colspan="2"|-||32||6
|-
|2009||11||1||1||0||colspan="2"|-||12||1
207||43||12||7||11||0||230||50
207||43||12||7||11||0||230||50
|}
References
1981 births
Living people
Footballers from Tokyo Prefecture
Arthur Defensor Sr.

Arthur Doligosa Defensor Sr. (born December 25, 1941) is a Filipino politician and a statesman who served as the Governor of Iloilo from 1992 until 2001, and again from 2010 until 2019. He also served as Representative of the 3rd District of Iloilo from 2001 to 2010.
References
1941 births
Living people
Majority leaders of the House of Representatives of the Philippines
Viluppuram

Viluppuram is a municipality and the administrative headquarters of Viluppuram district, the largest district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. It is well connected by both road and rail to all the important cities in Tamil Nadu. The town is a major railway junction, and National Highway 45 passes through it. Agriculture is its main source of income. As of Government of India 2014 data, Viluppuram had a population of 121198. The town's literacy rate has been recorded as 90.16% by Census 2011.
In 1919, Viluppuram was officially constituted as a municipality. It is made up of 36 wards, making it the largest city and municipality in Viluppuram district.
Etymology
Viluppuram is named after a class of people known as "Vizhupparaiyar" (villluppraiyr). One of the famous Tamil poets Jayamkondar wrote a book titled "Karanai Vizhupparaiyan madal" (also known as Aadhinatha Valamadal) on the praise of Aadhinathan Vizhupparaiyan who was a commander in the army of Kulottunga Chola I. The town came to known after the "Vizhupparaiyan" sect named after him. They are also known as "Vizhupaadharaiyar".Viluppuram is also affectionately called as "Vizhimaa Nagaram" (villlimaa nkrm) in Tamil. It means a town with wide-eyed people.
Population
As of the 2011 census, Viluppuram municipality was divided into 36 wards for which elections are held every five years and had a population of 96,253 of which 47,670 were male and 48,583 female.
References
Other websites
Viluppuram's official website
Viluppuram online
Viluppuram district
Towns in Tamil Nadu
Roberto Leal (singer)

Antonio Joaquim Fernandes (November 27, 1951 - September 15, 2019), known as Roberto Leal, was a Portuguese-Brazilian singer-songwriter. He sold more than 17 million albums, and received 30 golden records and 5 platinum records. He was born in Macedo de Cavaleiros, Portugal.
In an opinion poll by Datafolha in Rio de Janeiro, asking what was the first famous Portuguese person people could think of, Leal came in first, with 15%, ahead of Pedro Alvares Cabral (9%) and Luis de Camoes (4%). Some of Leal best known songs are: "Bate o Pe", "Clareou", "O Vinho de Meu Amor", and "Marrabenta".
In 2007 and 2010, he released albums both in Portuguese and Mirandese languages.
In January 2019, Leal revealed that he had skin cancer. He died at the age of 67 on September 15, 2019 at a Sao Paulo hospital. The cause of death was kidney failure caused by skin cancer-related medicine.
References
1951 births
2019 deaths
Portuguese singers
Brazilian singer-songwriters
Sea of Marmara

The Sea of Marmara, also known as the Sea of Marmora or the Marmara Sea, is the inland sea that connects the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea. It separates Turkey's Asian and European parts. The Bosphorus strait connects it to the Black Sea and the Dardanelles strait to the Aegean. The Sea has an area of 11,350 km2 (280 km x 80 km) with the greatest depth reaching 1,370 m.
Geography
The salinity of the sea averages about 22 parts per thousand. This is slightly greater than that of the Black Sea but only about two-thirds that of most oceans. The water is much more saline at the sea-bottom, averaging salinities of around 38 parts per thousand -- similar to that of the Mediterranean Sea. Water from the Susurluk, Biga (Granicus) and Gonen Rivers reduces the salinity of the sea.
There are two major island groups known as the Princes' and Marmara islands.
The south coast of the sea includes the Gulf of Izmit, the Gulf of Gemlik and the Gulf of Erdek.
The North Anatolian fault, which has started many major earthquakes in recent years, such as the 1999 Izmit earthquake, runs under the sea.
References
Other websites
Waterways
Seas of the Atlantic Ocean
Sea of Marmara
Jerald terHorst

Jerald Franklin "Jerry" terHorst (July 11, 1922 - March 31, 2010) was an American journalist. He was the 14th White House Press Secretary during the first month of Gerald Ford's presidency. He resigned in protest of Ford's pardon of former President Richard Nixon.
References
1922 births
2010 deaths
American journalists
Deaths from congestive heart failure
White House Press Secretaries
Writers from Grand Rapids, Michigan
Jackhammer

A jackhammer is an object used commonly in construction for the purpose of breaking through the ground, or other things.
Other websites
How jackhammers work
How Rotary Hammers Work
Construction
Traunstein (mountain)

Traunstein is the highest mountain on the east side of Lake Traunsee. It is in the district of Gmunden, Austria. The Traunstein is 1691 metres (5548 ft) high. The height is the reason why it can be seen from very far away.
On the top are two cabins, the Naturfreundehutte and the Gmundnerhutte.
References
Mountains of Austria
Enterococcus

Enterococcus is a genus of lactic acid bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes.
Enterococci are Gram-positive cocci that often occur in pairs or short chains. They look like streptococci. Two species are regular gut flora organisms in the intestines of humans: E. faecalis (90-95%) and E. faecium (5-10%).
Physiology and classification
Enterococci are "facultative anaerobic organisms". This means they can live in both oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor environments.
Members of the genus Enterococcus were classified as Group D Streptococcus until 1984. Genomic DNA analysis showed they were a separate genus.
Pathology
Important infections caused by Enterococcus include urinary tract infections, bacterial endocarditis, diverticulitis, and meningitis.
Sensitive strains of these bacteria can be treated with ampicillin, penicillin and vancomycin.<ref name=Baron>{{cite book | author = Pelletier LL Jr. | title = Microbiology of the circulatory system. in: Baron S et al. (eds) Baron's Medical Microbiology. | edition = 4th | publisher = Univ of Texas Medical Branch | year = 1996 | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mmed.section.5077 | isbn = 0-9631172-1-1 }}</ref> Urinary tract infections can be treated by antibiotics, but many virulent strains of Enterococcus'' are resistant. From a medical standpoint, an important feature of this genus is the high level of intrinsic antibiotic resistance. This rules out some important antibiotics.
References
Gram-positive bacteria
Calangianus

Calangianus (Caragnani, Calanzanos) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 4,121 people lived there. Its area is 126.35 km2. It is 518 meters above sea level.
References
Other websites
Communes of Sardinia
The Beyond

The Beyond is a 1981 Italian horror movie directed by Lucio Fulci, and starring Catriona MacColl, David Warbeck, Cinzia Monreale. It is the second of the Fulci's trilogy of "Gates of Hell" trilogy.
Other websites
1981 horror movies
Italian horror movies
Movies directed by Lucio Fulci
Antoine Watteau

Jean-Antoine Watteau (10 October 1684 - 18 July 1721) was a French painter. His brief career spurred the revival of interest in colour and movement in the tradition of Correggio and Rubens. It brought back the almost forgotten Baroque idiom, which, in time became known as Rococo. He invented the genre of fetes galantes: scenes of bucolic and idyllic charm, with an air of theatricality. Some of his best known subjects were drawn from the world of Italian comedy and ballet.
Gallery
Other websites
Watteau paintings at the Web Gallery of Art
1684 births
1721 deaths
French painters
Elsa Papadimitriou

Elsa Papadimitriou (; 16 February 1942 - 17 March 2022) was a Greek politician. She was a member of the New Democracy party. She was in the Hellenic Parliament from 1993 to 2011.
Papadimitriou died in Athens, Greece on 17 March 2022 at the age of 80.
References
1942 births
2022 deaths
Greek politicians
Khichu

Khichu or Khichiyu is a dough for making papad. People also eat it as a snack. It is made from rice flour, but, other flours are sometimes used. The snack is ready by cooking flour in water like porridge with cumin seeds and an alkaline salt called Papad Khar (An alkaline salt with major components as sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate) and then steaming the lump. It is often served with oil and chilli powder.
Indian food
Françoise Letellier

Francoise Jeanne Letellier (19 March 1920 -- 15 August 2011) was a French swimmer from Paris during the 1930s. She did the breaststroke. She was three times times national champion and three time beat the national record (100 metre and 200 metre breaststroke).
Letellier was a member of Mouettes de Paris and later of Racing club de France and Stade francais in 1937.
Biography
She started with swimming on the advice of the family doctor to improve her lung capacity. In July 1927, she obtained her school swimming certificate. Her first main achievement is in 1933, winning the bronze medal at the national championships in the 200 metre breaststroke in a time of 3:40.6. Two years later she won again the bronze medal at the national championships, now in a time of 3:34. At the end of the year she broke the national record of the 100 metre breaststroke in a time of 1:31 at the Gare swimming pool in Paris on 20 December. In 1936, 1937 and 1938 she became national champion in the 200 metre breaststroke. While she was 1936 national champion, she was not selected for the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin. At the end of 1936 she broke the national record in the 200 metre breaststroke in a time of 3:19.8 at the Neptuna swimming pool in Paris on 28 November. After setting the new record record, she was checked to see if she was wearing a slip under her jersey. The next year she broke the record again at the Neptuna swimming pool in a time of 3:18.4 on 21 July 1937.
In 1938 she finished second at the national championships in the 200 metre breaststroke.
References
Other websites
Image of Letellier (1935)
French swimmers
Sportswomen
1920 births
2011 deaths
Sportspeople from Paris
Patricia A. McKillip

Patricia Anne McKillip (February 29, 1948 - May 6, 2022) was an American fantasy novelist.
McKillip holds the record for the most Mythopoeic Fantasy Awards (four) and nominations (fifteen). She also won World Fantasy Awards for Best Novel, as well as for Life Achievement.
McKillip's first works were two short children's books, The Throme of the Erril of Sherill and The House on Parchment Street. Her first novel, The Forgotten Beasts of Eld, was published in 1974 and won the World Fantasy Award in 1975.
McKillip died on May 6, 2022, at the age of 74.
References
1948 births
2022 deaths
American novelists
Writers from Oregon
People from Salem, Oregon
Motilal Vora

Motilal Vora (20 December 1928 - 21 December 2020) was an Indian politician. He was a member of the Indian National Congress (INC). He was the Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh from 1985 through 1988 and again in 1989. He was born in Nimbi Jodha, Jodhpur State, British India. He was also Governor of Uttar Pradesh from 1993 to 1996.
Vora died at a hospital in New Delhi from problems caused by COVID-19 on 21 December 2020, one day after his 92nd birthday.
References
1928 births
2020 deaths
Governors of Uttar Pradesh
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in India
Amersham

Amersham is a market town and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, England. In 2011, 14,384 people lived there.
References
Towns in Buckinghamshire
Market towns in England
Civil parishes in Buckinghamshire
Ruud Englebert

Ruud Englebert (1950 - 19 January 2023) was a Dutch bass guitarist and composer.
Englebert was a bass guitarist for over fifty years. He was a member of among others Herman Brood & His Wild Romance, Vitesse and .
Biography
Englebert started becoming known in the 1970s as a member of the bands Fruit and Hollander. In the 1980s he was part of the band Vitesse, with whom he made the known song that was eight weeks in the Dutch Top 40 and eleven weeks in the . As a member of others Herman Brood & His Wild Romance he contributed as bass guitarist and composer to the 1988 album Yada Yada, with which Herman Brood made his musical comeback at the time.
In the 1990s he was mainly active as a session musician in Germany. Englebert later returned to the Netherlands and was a long-standing member of the music group of The Lau and of the group of Frederique Spigt.
Englebert died from an illness in the night from 18 to 19 January at the age of 72. People who paid tribute to his death includes Henkjan Smits.
References
Dutch guitarists
Dutch composers
1950 births
2023 deaths
Place of death missing
Marek Belka

Marek Marian Belka (; born 9 January 1952) is a Polish politician. He is a former Prime Minister and Finance Minister of Poland. He is a former Director of the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) European Department and former Head of Narodowy Bank Polski (National Bank of Poland).
References
1952 births
Living people
Prime Ministers of Poland
People from Lodz
Hugh Hiscutt

Hugh James Hiscutt (born 10 July 1926) is an Australian independent politician. He served as a member of the Tasmanian Legislative Council for West Devon from 1983 to 1995.
Hiscutt was born in Burnie, Tasmania. His brother, Des, and niece, Leonie, also served in the Tasmanian Legislative Council.
References
1926 births
Living people
Independent politicians in Australia
Politicians from Tasmania
People from Burnie, Tasmania
Order of Australia
Jerome, Arkansas

Jerome is a town in Drew County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 39 at the 2010 census.
References
Towns in Arkansas
Adobe Acrobat

Adobe Acrobat is a family of software made by Adobe Systems. Software in the family can read and display Portable Document Format (PDF) files. Acrobat software can convert PDFs to other formats, PDF to Microsoft Word or Excel for example. It can also combine multiple file types into a single PDF file.
References
Adobe software
Waushara County, Wisconsin

Waushara County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. In 2020, 24,520 people lived there. The county seat is Wautoma.
References
Wisconsin counties
Hideo Kojima

is a Japanese video game designer, director, producer, and writer.
In 1986, he was hired by Konami, for which he designed and wrote Metal Gear (1987) for the MSX2. He is also known for producing the Zone of the Enders series, as well as writing and designing Snatcher (1988) and Policenauts (1994).
References
1963 births
Living people
Japanese video game designers
Writers from Tokyo
Guan Zongxiang

Guan Zongxiang (28 November 1922 - 13 January 2023) also known as Uncle Guan was a Chinese movie actor. He played in movies of the . He is known from among others the movies Luo tuo Xiang Zi (1982), Bao shi jie zhi (1985) and Ru lai ba gua gun (1985). He won the Golden Phoenix Awards in 2005.
Guan married to actress . Their son was film director Guan Hu. His daughter-in-law was actress Liang Jing.
Guan died on 13 January 2022.
References
Chinese movie actors
1922 births
2023 deaths
Chinese centenarians
Place of death missing
Paul D. Boyer

Paul Delos Boyer (July 31, 1918 - June 2, 2018) was an American biochemist, analytical chemist, and a professor of chemistry at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).
Boyer shared the 1997 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for research on the "enzymatic mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)" (ATP synthase) with John E. Walker, making Boyer the only Utah-born Nobel laureate; the remainder of the Prize in that year was awarded to Danish chemist Jens Christian Skou for his discovery of the Na+/K+-ATPase.
In 2003 he was one of 22 Nobel Laureates who signed the Humanist Manifesto.
Boyer died two months shy of his 100th birthday in Los Angeles, California on June 2, 2018 of respiratory failure.
References
Other websites
Photograph, Biography and Bibliographic Resources, from the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, United States Department of Energy
Nobel autobio. -- Paul D. Boyer
Nobel Prize press release -- The 1997 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
UCLA webpage -- Paul D. Boyer
1918 births
2018 deaths
American atheists
American biochemists
Scientists from Utah
People from Provo, Utah
University of California faculty
Esther Ralston

Esther Ralston (born Esther Louise Worth, September 17, 1902 - January 14, 1994) was an American actress. She starred in movies, including Tin Pan Alley and on television series, including Our Five Daughters.
Ralston was born in Bar Harbor, Maine. Ralston died of a heart attack at age ninety-one in Ventura, California.
Other websites
Actors from Maine
American movie actors
American television actors
Deaths from myocardial infarction
1902 births
1994 deaths
Military occupation

Military or belligerent occupation is a control by a certain ruling power over a territory, which is not under the formal sovereignty of that entity, without the violation. The territory is then known as the occupied territory, and the ruling power is the occupant.
Related pages
Annexation
Invasion
References
Military tactics
Boquerón Department

The Boqueron Department (; ) is a department in the west of Paraguay. The capital is Filadelfia.
Districts
The department has 6 districts:
Filadelfia
Loma Plata
Mariscal Estigarribia
General Eugenio A. Garay
Doctor Pedro P. Pena
New Land
Related pages
Departments of Paraguay
ISO 3166-2:PY
Departments of Paraguay
Annawan, Illinois

Annawan is a town in Illinois in the United States.
Towns in Illinois
T. N. Gopakumar

T. N. Gopakumar (1957 - 30 January 2016) was an Indian writer, movie director and journalist. He was the news editor in chief of Asianet News. Gopakumar was also the producer and anchorperson of the popular weekly programme Kannadi on Asianet.
Gopakumar died of cancer in a private hospital in Thiruvananthapuram on 30 January 2016. He was aged 58.
References
1957 births
2016 deaths
Cancer deaths in India
Indian writers
Indian movie directors
Indian journalists
Malayali people