pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
William Howe

General William Howe, William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe (1729-1814) was a British fighter. He fought in the Seven Years' War, American Revolutionary War and British action in the French Revolution.
Early life
Howe was born in Nottinghamshire in 1729. His parents were Emmanuel and Charlotte Howe. He had three brothers, George, Richard, and Thomas. Howe's mother Charlotte was related to the royal family. Her mother was Sophia von Kielmannsegg, King George I's half-sister.
Emmaneul Howe died when William Howe was five years old. He died while he was governor of Barbados. His mother Charlotte was Lady of the Bedchamber to King George III's mother, Princess Augusta. Her own mother was King George I's half-sister, from his father and another woman.
George Howe went into the army and became a general. Richard Howe went into the navy and became Fleet Admiral. Thomas Howe worked for the East India Company. William Howe went to Eton as a boy. When he was seventeen, he joined the army.
Military career
William Howe bought a commission, meaning he paid to get a job, as an officer. He started in the army as a dragoon officer. He fought in the War of Austrian Succession, in Flanders.
Seven Years' War
Howe came to North America during the Seven Years' War (French and Indian War). He helped the British take French Canada. He fought battles at Montreal and Belle Ile and Havana. By the end of the war, he was a lieutenant colonel and adjunct general.
Between the wars
After the Seven Years' War, in 1758, Howe was a member of the British Pariliament. He voted for the British government to not treat the American colonies badly. He also wrote training books for the army.
American Revolutionary War
Howe went back into the army when King George III told him to.
In 1775, Howe won the Battle of Bunker Hill for the British. He led the men himself. Then he was named Commander in Chief of the British Army in America. In 1776, he won the Battle of Long Island and made George Washington and the Continental Army run away from New York City.
Then Howe decided to capture Philadelphia. At the time, Philadelphia was the capital. Howe won the Battle of Brandywine, the Battle of the Clouds, and the Battle of Paoli. The British army then controlled Philadelphia. Then Howe won the Battle of Germantown to stop the Continental Army from taking it back.
However, because Howe was taking Philadelphia, he could not go north to help General Burgoyne take control of the Hudson Valley. The Continental Army, led by Benedict Arnold and Horatio Gates, beat Burgoyne at the Battle of Saratoga.
In 1778, Howe resigned from the British Army in America. He sailed back to England.
Later career
Howe fought for the British again in Spain and in the French Revolution. He stopped fighting in 1803 and died in 1814.
Family
Howe married Francis Connelly. They did not have children.
References
British Army people
1729 births
1814 deaths
Genech

Genech is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 2,827 people lived there.
Other websites
INSEE commune file
Communes in Nord
Benidorm International Song Festival

The Benidorm International Song Festival ( or ) was an annual song contest which used to take place each summer, from 1959 to 2006, in the Valencian city of Benidorm, Spain. The contest, based on the Italian Sanremo Music Festival, was born to promote Benidorm and the Spanish music. Over the years it has suffered considerable modifications: some editions didn't celebrate, several changes have been done in the prizes, etc. It became international in 2004, but was discontinued after 2006. The contest was usually broadcast on television by TVE or Canal Nou. As of 2006, the first prize winner was awarded with the Golden Mermaid Trophy (Sirenita de Oro) and EUR36,000 (about US$47,000) to produce a record. Second and third place winners received the Silver Mermaid Trophy (Sirenita de Plata) and the Bronze Mermaid Trophy (Sirenita de Bronce), respectively.
Golden Mermaid Trophy winners
1959: Monna Bell & Juanito Segarra
1960: Arturo Millan
1961: Jose Francis
1962: Raphael+Iroh Eory
1973 Ecrim lover
2020 Ecrin Bikini Atyl(e)wBluw
Music festivals
Jan Serpenti

Jan Serpenti is a racing cyclist from Netherlands. He was born on 6 March 1945. Serpenti rode in the 1970 Tour de France.
References
Other websites
1945 births
Living people
Dutch cyclists
Sportspeople from North Holland
Knobel, Arkansas

Knobel is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Cities in Arkansas
Wicklow

Wicklow () is the county town of County Wicklow in Ireland. In 2016, 10,584 people live in Wicklow. The River Vartry flows through the town.
References
County towns in Ireland
County Wicklow
State Center, Iowa

State Center is a city in Iowa in the United States with a population of 1,391 (2020).
Cities in Iowa
The Helping Hand

The Helping Hand is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Flora Finch, Linda Arvidson, and George Gebhardt.
Actors
Flora Finch as Mrs. Harcourt
Linda Arvidson as Daisy Harcourt
George Gebhardt as The Man with the Letter / Wedding Guest
Anita Hendrie as Jessie Marshall
Charles Inslee
Florence Lawrence as Wedding Guest
Mack Sennett as Wedding Guest
Charles Avery as Man at Brothel
Robert Harron as Messenger
Arthur V. Johnson as Mr. Miller
Marion Leonard as Wedding Guest
Tom Moore as Man in Office / Wedding Guest
Harry Solter as Bill Wolfe
References
Other websites
American movies
1908 movies
American drama movies
American silent movies
M&M's World

M&M's World is a store that sells M&M's candy and other things. The first M&M's World store was on the Las Vegas Strip in 1997. There are now other stores in Orlando, Florida, New York City, Henderson, Nevada, London and Shanghai.
There are three floors of candy in many colors. There are other things inspired by M&Ms inspired items like aprons, oven mitts and T-shirts. The cost of buying M&M's at these stores is over US$12 per pound.
Chocolate
American shops
A Virgin Among the Living Dead

A Virgin Among the Living Dead is a 1973 European erotic horror movie It was directed by Jesus Franco. Franco made the movie in 1971. It was released in 1973 after some footage was added without Franco's involvement. It was later re-cut with some extra zombie footage. It was shown in theaters again in 1981 as a zombie movie. It has been restored on DVD to Franco's version.
Other websites
References
1973 horror movies
1970s erotic movies
Belgian horror movies
French horror movies
Italian horror movies
Liechtenstein movies
Portuguese movies
Spanish horror movies
Movies directed by Jesus Franco
Movies set in Portugal
Parsley massacre

In October 1937, Dominican dictator Rafael Leonidas Trujillo Molina ordered the execution of the Haitian population living within the borderlands with Haiti. The violence resulted in the killing of 17,000 to 35,000 Haitian civilians over a span of approximately five days. This would later become known as the Parsley Massacre.
Events
Trujillo had made his actions for the Haitian community clear in a short speech given at a dance held in his honor on October 2, 1937 in Dajabon, stating:
Endnotes
20th century in the Dominican Republic
Massacres
20th century in Haiti
1937 in North America
Ardhanarishvara

Ardhanarishvara is a form of the Hindu god Shiva joined together with the Hindu goddess Parvati. Ardhanarishvara in statues and drawings is showed as a half-male and half-female.
References
Hindu gods and goddesses
Vettar River

Vettar is a river flowing in Tiruvarur district, Thanjavur district and Nagapattinam district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.Vettar River is a tributary of the river Kaveri. This river reaches the sea near the Karaikal port nearby Nagore.
References
Rivers of Tamil Nadu
Sacriston

Sacriston is a village in County Durham, England.
References
Villages in England
Settlements in County Durham
Lincoln County, West Virginia

Lincoln County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 21,720. Its county seat is Hamlin. The county was created in 1867 and named for Abraham Lincoln.
References
West Virginia counties
Nurys Sebey

Nurys Sebey is a volleyball player from Cuba. Nurys competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics. She was born on 3 September 1948.
References
Other websites
1948 births
Living people
Cuban Olympians
Cuban volleyball players
Burnout Paradise

Burnout Paradise is the seventh video game of the Burnout series made by Criterion Games. It was released in January 2008 for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 and on February 5, 2009 on Microsoft Windows. It was also released on the PlayStation Store in September 2008. It has an open world set in the fictional Paradise City.
2008 video games
Xbox 360 games
PlayStation 3 games
Windows games
Suwon Samsung Bluewings

Suwon Samsung Bluewings () is a South Korean football club from Suwon.
The team's mascot is "Agileon". There are three foreign players: Santos, Jonathan, and Castelin. "The wizard of left foot" Yum Ki Hun is Suwon's captain.
Honours
Domestic
League
K League 1
Winners (4): 1998, 1999, 2004, 2008
Runners-up (4): 1996, 2006, 2014, 2015
Cup
FA Cup
Winners (5): 2002, 2009, 2010, 2016, 2019
Runners-up (3): 1996, 2006, 2011
League Cup
Winners (6):1999, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2005, 2008
Super Cup
Winners (3): 1999, 2000, 2005
Continental
Major
AFC Champions League
Winners (2): 2001, 2002
Asian Cup Winners Cup
Runners-up (1): 1998
Asian Super Cup
Winners (2): 2001, 2002
Regional
A3 Champions Cup
Winners (1): 2005
Intercontinental
Pan-Pacific Championship
Winners (1): 2009
South Korean football clubs
Samsung
Syed Waliullah

Syed Waliullah (; August 15, 1922 - October 10, 1971) was a Bangladeshi novelist, short-story writer, and playwright. He is noted for his first novel Lalsalu, which has been translated in English as Tree Without Roots. He received Bangla Academy Literary Award in 1961 for his contribution in novel; and was awarded Ekushey Padak in 1984 and Bangladesh National Film Awards for best story in 2001, both by Government of Bangladesh, posthumously.
Early life
Waliullah was born on 15 August 1922, in Sholashahar, Chittagong District. His father, Syed Ahmadullah, was a government officer. Waliullah spent his childhood in Mymensingh, Feni, Krishnanagar and Kurigram district. He passed matriculation from Kurigram High School in 1939 and IA from Dhaka College in 1941. He graduated from Ananda Mohan College in 1943. Later, he admitted to University of Calcutta but did not complete his post graduation.
Works
Novels
Lalsalu (Tree without roots), 1948
Chander Amaboshay (Dark moon), 1964
Kando Nadi Kando (Cry, o river), 1968
The Ugly Asian, 1959
Dramas
Bahipir (1960)
Tarangabhanga (1964)
Sudanga (1964)
Short story collection
Nayanchara (1951)
Dui Tir O Anyanya Galpa
References
1922 births
1971 deaths
Bangladeshi writers
Bangla Academy Literary Award winners
Recipients of the Ekushey Padak
Bangladeshi Muslims
Recipients of Bangladesh National Film Awards
Subaru Impreza

The is a Japanese car. It is made by Subaru. The car was first made in 1992. The design of the car has been changed 3 times; the first version was the 1992 model, with it being redesigned in 2000, 2008, and 2015.
Impreza
1990s automobiles
1992 establishments in Japan
Call of Duty 3

Call of Duty 3 is a first person shooter video game. It is available on many gaming systems such as the PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Wii, and PC. It is a sequel to Call of Duty 2, and is part of the Call of Duty series.
Call of Duty 3 is set in France, during the time of World War II. The player is part of the allied forces placing charges, firing mortars, driving jeeps, and killing Nazis. The player moves by using the movement of his own hands. The game also features online play, which allows you to choose the side of allies or axis and play on a team against opposing players.
Differences
While the PlayStation 2 and Xbox 360 versions support online headset, the PlayStation 3 does not support headset due to the game being rushed to be ported at the time and is ironic because the PS2 was released before the PlayStation 3. The Wii version does not support online play.
References
Other websites
Official website
2006 video games
Call of Duty series
Joanne Bradshaw

Joanne Meryl Bradshaw, OAM (born 8 November 1961) is a disabled athlete from Australia. She competes in a wheelchair. She was born in the Victorian town of Yallourn. At the 1998 IPC Athletics World Championships in Birmingham, she won a silver medal in the women's discus and a bronze medal in the women's javelin. She won a gold medal at the 2000 Sydney Games in the women's shot put F37 and set a new Paralympic Games record. She competed but did not win any medals at the 2004 Athens Games.
References
Living people
Australian athletes
Australian Paralympic gold medalists
1961 births
Sportspeople from Victoria (Australia)
2000 Summer Paralympics
2004 Summer Paralympics
Discus throwers
Javelin throwers
Shot putters
FC Astra Giurgiu

Fotbal Club Astra Giurgiu (Usually called Astra Giurgiu or just Astra) is a professional association football club from Giurgiu, Romania. They currently play in the Liga I.
The club was formed in 1921 in Ploiesti (a city about 116 km north of Giurgiu), as Clubul Sportiv Astra-Romana. The club spent most of its history in the lower divisions. In 1990, the club was taken over by businessman Ioan Niculae and has since improved. In September 2012, the team was moved from Ploiesti to Giurgiu.
The team won their first Liga I title in 2015-16. They also won 1 Cupa Romaniei and 1 Supercupa Romaniei.
The colours of the club are white and black, which is why their nickname Dracii Negri (The Black Devils).
The club has also had many names. These include: Clubul Sportiv Astra-Romana (1921-1934), Astra Romana Campina (1934-1937), Astra Romana Ploiesti (1937-1938), Colombia Ploiesti (1938-1945), Astra Romana Ploiesti (1945-1959), Rafinorul Ploiesti (1959-1990), CS Astra Ploiesti (1990-1996), AS Danubiana Ploiesti (1996-1998), SC FC Astra Ploiesti (1998-2005), CSM Ploiesti (2005-2007), FC Ploiesti (2007-2009) and FC Astra Ploiesti (2009-2012).
Honours
Liga I
Winners (1): 2015-16
Runners-up (1): 2013-14
Liga II
Winners (1): 1997-98
Runners-up (1): 2008-09
Liga III
Winners (1): 2007-08
Cupa Romaniei
Winners (1): 2013-14
Supercupa Romaniei
Winners (1): 2014
References
Other websites
Official website
Official Facebook profile
Club profile on UEFA's official website
Club profile on LPF's official website
Club profile on RomanianSoccer website
Club profile on Liga1 website
Romanian football clubs
1921 establishments in Europe
20th-century establishments in Romania
Antigua and Barbuda national football team

Antigua and Barbuda national football team is the national football team of Antigua and Barbuda.
References
Caribbean national football teams
Sport in Antigua and Barbuda
Cornea

The cornea is the front part of the eye. It is the clear transparent section of the eye. The cornea covers the iris, pupil, and the eye chamber. It is a special form of tissue. The cornea is clear and has no blood vessels. It has nerves, but with no myelin sheaths on them.
The cornea, with the lens, refracts light. The cornea and the lens bend light so the image strikes the retina. The cornea does about two-thirds of this refraction.
Dua's layer is a newly discovered layer of the cornea. It was described in June 2013. It is the sixth layer of the cornea to be discovered. Despite its thinness, the layer is very strong, and air does not get through it.
References
Eye anatomy
Takbir

Takbir is the name for the Arabic phrase Allahu Akbar which is a Muslim saying. The exact words in Arabic mean "God is greater", but people know that saying "God is great" in the right time and place means the same as "God is Greater." "Allahu Akbar" is the first part of the Adhan, which people hear 5 times a day where Muslim people live together. Saying "God is Great" tells people in a few words what Islam believes and teaches.
This Arabic phrase was added to the Iraqi flag, in Saddam Hussein's handwriting, in 2001. Muslims say it before changing positions during their prayers. Allahu Akbar was the anthem of Libya during the rule of Muammar Gaddafi.
Islam
Pee Dee River

The Pee Dee River, also called the Great Pee Dee River, is a river in North Carolina and South Carolina. It originates in the Appalachian Mountains in North Carolina. Its upper course, above the mouth of the Uwharrie River, is known as the Yadkin River. It has a number of dams for flood control and hydroelectric power. The lower part of the river is named Pee Dee (in colonial times written Pedee). It is named after the Native American Pee Dee people. The Pee Dee region of South Carolina was named after either the tribe or the river. The first Europeans believed to have navigated part of the river was a party sent by Lucas Vazquez de Ayllon in 1521. They named it "River of St. John the Baptist ()."
References
Other websites
Geography of North Carolina
Rivers of South Carolina
2020 United States Census

The 2020 United States Census, known as Census 2020, was the twenty-fourth United States Census. National Census Day was on April 1, 2020.
In 2020, the United States population was 331,449,281, a 7.71% increase from the 2010 Census.
The Department of Commerce announced in March 2018 that the 2020 Census will ask if individuals are United States citizens according to a request from the Trump administration. 11 states (Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Washington, California) have said they would sue to block the Trump administration's request.
References
Other websites
2020 Census from the United States Census Bureau
Census
April 2020 events
2020
Graham, Texas

Graham is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.
Cities in Texas
County seats in Texas
Cathedral of St. Matthew the Apostle (Washington, D.C.)

The Cathedral of St. Matthew the Apostle in Washington D.C., most commonly known as St. Matthew's Cathedral, is the seat of the Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Washington. As St. Matthew's Cathedral and Rectory, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.
The cathedral is in downtown Washington at 1725 Rhode Island Avenue NW between Connecticut Avenue and 17th Street.
References
Roman Catholic cathedrals
Buildings and structures in Washington, D.C.
Courjeonnet

Courjeonnet is a commune in the Marne department in northeastern France.
Communes in Marne
East Millinocket, Maine

East Millinocket is a town in Penobscot County, Maine, United States.
Towns in Maine
Wathlingen

Wathlingen is a municipality in Celle, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is about 10 km southeast of Celle.
Wathlingen is also the seat of the collective municipality Wathlingen.
References
Celle (district)
The Last Polka

The Last Polka is a 1985 Canadian mockumentary movie written by John Candy and Eugene Levy (also who stars) and starring Rick Moranis, Catherine O'Hara.
Other websites
1985 comedy movies
1980s musical movies
Canadian comedy movies
Mockumentaries
Anti-social behaviour order

An ASBO, or an Antisocial behaviour order, is a British legal term for an order that is sometimes served on people who often behave badly and have many complaints made against them because of their behaviour. The order is designed to stop them from being anti-social, which means causing distress or alarm (among other things) to other people that do not live in the same place as themselves, according to the Crime & Disorder Act. 1998. ASBO's were ended and replaced with "Injunctions" in 2015
Some types of anti-social behaviour are:
Hurting people
Damaging things/Graffiti
Using bad words, sometimes directed at minorities
Dropping rubbish
Hanging around
Being very drunk
Dealing drugs
Stealing
Being noisy
Scaring and threatening people (attempting to produce fear)
Starting fires
Spitting
Streaking
Going places where you're not allowed to go
An ASBO prohibits people from doing certain things, in certain times, in certain places. For instance, it might ban a person from gathering with certain friends in the park after 8 o'clock if that group of people have previously caused trouble together.
There is also something called an ABC, which stands for an Acceptable Behaviour Contract, and are often used to make sure people try to be "nice". It is flexible, and can be used in serious situations as well as low key ones.
Sometimes the ASBO can seem quite unusual when it is used to stop certain people from doing things, for example:
Wearing a hat anywhere in England and Wales
Sitting on the top deck of a bus
Saying the words grass and cripple
Wearing one golf glove
Playing Band Aid's "Do They Know It's Christmas?", stomping and dropping objects
Being sarcastic
Attending meetings that deal with anti-social behaviour
References
Law enforcement in the United Kingdom
Bob Boyle

Robert "Bob" James Boyle II (born May 18, 1971) is an American animator whose known for Wow! Wow! Wubbzy!.
Works
The Fairly OddParents
Wow! Wow! Wubbzy!
Yin Yang Yo!
The Powerpuff Girls (2016 revival)
Poochini (character designer)
Related works
Nutri Ventures: The Series - Developer, English dub (2013-2021)
Other websites
American animators
American television directors
American television producers
1971 births
The Powerpuff Girls
Cartoon Network
American television writers
Living people
Kimball, Minnesota

Kimball is a city in Stearns County, Minnesota, United States.
Cities in Minnesota
Parliament of Scotland

The Parliament of Scotland, officially the Estates of Parliament, was the legislature of the independent Kingdom of Scotland.
The parliament of Scotland had only one house (cf. House of Commons, House of Lords) and was mentioned for the first time during the early thirteenth century, and the first meeting one knows of was in 1235, during the reign of Alexander II of Scotland.
The parliament, which is also referred to as the Estates of Scotland, the Three Estates the Scots Parliament or the auld Scots Parliament (), merged with the Parliament of England in the Acts of Union in 1707. This formed the Kingdom of Great Britain, which later became the United Kingdom.
Related pages
Parliament of England
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Notes
Further reading
K. M. Brown and R. J. Tanner, The History of the Scottish Parliament volume 1: Parliament and Politics, 1235-1560 (Edinburgh, 2004)
Other websites
The Records of the Scottish Parliament, The complete acts and proceedings of the Scottish Parliament, General Council and much other parliamentary material from 1235 to 1707. The publication arose from the work of The Scottish Parliament Project
The First Scottish Parliament: the Middle Ages - 1707, Scottish Parliament
The Scottish Parliamentary Tradition, Scottish Parliament
The Scottish Parliament Project - The Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707, University of St Andrews
Scottish Parliament records , National Archives of Scotland
Scotland's powerful parliament , abstract of The Late Medieval Scottish Parliament: Politics and the Three Estates, Dr Roland Tanner, Tuckwell Press,
Original Scottish Parliament, The Scotsman
History of Scotland
Politics of Scotland
1707 disestablishments
Scotland
1700s disestablishments in Europe
Toothpaste

Toothpaste is a part liquid paste, applied to the bristles of a toothbrush in order to aid oneself with the act of toothbrushing.
This substance has several purposes, such as removing plaque from one's teeth, whitening one's teeth and freshening one's breath.
Several toothpaste brands specialize in caring for teeth sensitive to certain conditions (for example heat, cold) or flavours (such as sweetness). The majority of these products work by strengthening the tooth enamel, thus easing discomfort and providing the teeth with a protective outer layer.
Traditionally, toothpaste has a minty flavour, as this is said to allow a sense of freshness in the mouth. However, fruit and flavours have been popular in the past. Fruit toothpastes, however, are discouraged by dentists due to their acidic and tooth-eroding properties.
Swallowing
Swallowing big amounts of toothpaste can make humans very sick and is poisonous. Due to this, the FDA started making toothpaste companies to put a notice about swallowing from 1997 to present.
References
Dentistry
Neonatal diabetes mellitus

Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a type of diabetes. It happens during the first 6 months of human life. Infants with this condition do not produce enough insulin. This causes an increase of blood sugar. NDM is often mistaken for the much more common Type 1 diabetes, although type 1 often happens after the first 6 months of life. In almost 60% of those with NDM, this condition lasts their whole life.
Symptoms of NDM include thirst, frequent urination and dehydration. Most fetuses with NDM do not grow properly in the uterus. Newborns are much smaller than most other newborns. After birth, many babies do not gain enough weight or grow as rapidly as other babies.
References
Diabetes mellitus
Orford

Orford is a village and civil parish in Suffolk Coastal, Suffolk, England. In 2001, there were 658 people living in Orford.
References
Suffolk Coastal
Civil parishes in Suffolk
Villages in Suffolk
Kgatleng District

Kgatleng is one of the districts of Botswana. The capital city is Mochudi.
The tourist and game reserves in the region are Oodi Weavers and Matsieng footprints.
The district has no sub-districts.
References
Districts of Botswana
Ashok Desai

Ashok H. Desai ( - 13 April 2020) was an Indian politician and lawyer. He was the Attorney General of India from 9 July 1996 to 6 May 1998. He also was the Solicitor General of India from 18 December 1989 to 2 December 1990 . He was awarded the Padma Bhushan.
Desai died on 13 April 2020 at the age of 77.
References
1943 births
2020 deaths
Indian lawyers
Politicians from Mumbai
The Invisible Man (1933 movie)

The Invisible Man is a 1933 American pre-Code science fiction horror movie directed by James Whale. It is based on H. G. Wells' 1897 science fiction novel The Invisible Man and produced by Universal Pictures. It stars Claude Rains and Gloria Stuart.
In 2008, The Invisible Man was selected for the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."
A reboot was released in 2020.
References
1933 movies
1930s science fiction movies
1930s horror movies
American horror movies
American science fiction movies
Movies based on books
Melanophryniscus

Melanophryniscus (South American Redbelly Toads) is a genus of toads. There are 25 amphibian species located in Argentina, south of Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay.
Species
Other websites
. 2007. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.1 (10 October, 2007). Melanophryniscus. Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. (Accessed: May 03, 2008).
[web application]. 2008. Berkeley, California: Melanophryniscus. AmphibiaWeb, available at http://amphibiaweb.org/. (Accessed: May 03, 2008).
taxon Melanophryniscus at http://www.eol.org.
Taxon Melanophryniscus at https://www.itis.gov/index.html. (Accessed: May 03, 2008).
Taxon Melanophryniscus at http://data.gbif.org/welcome.htm
Toads
Frogs of South America
No true Scotsman

A no true Scotsman fallacy, or appeal to purity, is a fallacy where the one arguing says or writes that all people belonging to a certain group have the same trait, and those in that group who do not share that trait are not really part of that group. The name comes from an example made up by Anthony Flew.
"No true Scotsman puts brown sugar on his porridge. The fact that Angus MacGregor puts brown sugar on his porridge just proves that he's no true Scotsman!"
The word "Scotsman" can really be replaced with any group a person is talking about.
Another example is, "Any Chinese who cannot make dumplings is not really Chinese," or "You could not be from the South. No Southerner I know would ever turn down a glass of sweet tea."
For the argument to not be a fallacy, the thing being talked about must have a trait that excludes themselves from the category.
One argument that is not a no true Scotsman fallacy is "Janice is not really a vegetarian because I saw her eat a chicken sandwich yesterday." Vegetarians, by definition, are people who do not eat meat. Since Janice ate a chicken sandwich, a meal that has meat in it, Janice is therefore not a vegetarian.
Another argument that is not a fallacy is "Jim is not an atheist because he believes that there could be a god or gods". Since the definition of an atheist is someone who fully believes that there is no god or gods, Jim therefore cannot be an atheist because he does not fully believe that god or gods do not exist. However, Jim could be an agnostic, someone who is does not know for sure whether or not god or gods exist.
Another argument that is a fallacy is "Darcy is not really a Democrat because she is against abortion." Even though most Democrats are for some levels of abortion, not all people who vote for Democrats are for abortion. Darcy might agree with the Democratic Party on other issues, like having a higher minimum wage or spending less money on the military, but disagreeing on one issue does not automatically make her not a Democrat. In fact, most people who vote for certain political parties will not agree with their party on every issue, but they will agree on the issues that are most important to themselves.
On the other side, saying "to be Christian is to be Republican" is also a fallacy. Although in America, a higher number of Christians vote for Republicans, there are also many Christians who vote for Democrats. There are also many non-Christians such as atheists, Muslims, Hindus, Jews, etc., who vote for Republicans.
References
Logical fallacies
Shin Yeeun

Shin Ye-eun (, born January 18, 1998) is a South Korean actress. She is being managed by JYP Entertainment.
Early life
Shin is currently attending Sungkyunkwan University and majors in Performing Arts.
Awards and nominations
References
Other websites
1998 births
Living people
Johnny Bach

John William "Johnny" Bach (July 10, 1924 - January 18, 2016) was an American former professional basketball player and coach. Bach played college basketball at Fordham University and Brown University. He was born in Brooklyn, New York City.
He was selected by the Boston Celtics in the 1948 Basketball Association of America (BAA) Draft, and played 24 games for the Celtics. He coached the Golden State Warriors from 1983 through 1986. He became the assistant coach for the Chicago Bulls from 1986 through 2003. He retired in 2006.
Bach died on January 18, 2016 in Chicago, Illinois at the age of 91.
References
Other websites
BasketballReference.com: Johnny Bach (as coach)
BasketballReference.com: Johnny Bach (as player)
NBA.com Coach File: John Bach
1924 births
2016 deaths
Boston Celtics players
National Basketball Association coaches
Sportspeople from Brooklyn
Herod Antipas

Herod Antipas (, Herodes Antipas; born before 20 BC - died after 39 AD), was a 1st-century ruler of Galilee and Perea. He had the title of tetrarch ("ruler of a quarter") and is known as both "Herod the Tetrarch" and "King Herod" in the New Testament. He never held the title of king.
References
20 BC births
30s deaths
Fakir Alamgir

Fakir Alamgir (; 21 February 1950 - 23 July 2021) was a Bangladeshi folk and pop singer.
References
Other websites
1950 births
2021 deaths
Bangladeshi singers
Bank of America Plaza (Dallas)

Bank of America Plaza is a 72-story, late-modernist skyscraper in Dallas, Texas, United States. It is the tallest skyscraper in the city, the 3rd tallest in Texas and the 40th tallest in the United States.
Construction began in 1983 and the tower was completed in 1985.
Building Hours
Monday 9AM-10PM
Tuesday 9AM-10PM
Wednesday 9AM-10PM
Thursday 9AM-10PM
Friday 9AM-10PM
Saturday 9AM-10PM
Sunday 9AM-10PM
References
Skyscrapers in the United States
Buildings and structures in Texas
Dallas
Annie Apperloo-Wichgers

An "Annie" Apperloo-Wichgers (born 1932) is a former Dutch volleyball player. She played with SOS, Utrecht and the Netherlands women's national volleyball team.
With SOS she became national champion in 1950. With the Netherlands women's national volleyball team she represented the Netherlands at the 1951 Women's European Volleyball Championship and 1956 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship.
Wichgers was specialized in services and smashes.
Biography
After World War II, Wichers started playing volleyball with SOS in Utrecht. Quickly she became a player in the main team. She was invited to compete with the national team at the 1949 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, the inaugural European Volleyball Championships in Prague. However, her father didn't wanted her to go, for study reasons.
In 1950 she became with SOS Dutch Women's Volleyball League champion. In 1951, with permission of her father, she competed with the national team to the 1951 European championships in Paris.
In the later years, no main international championships were held. During these years she competed with the national team at international invitation matches, including in 1953 against Belgium in January and June.
Due to an undesirable altitude at a training of the national team in 1953, she was suspended by the Dutch Volleyball Association for two years, just like six other women and five men. In may 1954 the conflict was resolved and the suspension was lifted. The same month she was called-up for the international match against Belgium. In October 1954 she played at the international volleyball tournament (Italy, France, Belgium and the Netherlands) in Paris. In November 1954 she played against Belgium, in February 1955 against France and in May 1955 against Belgium.
In 1956 she played with the national team at the 1956 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, the first time the Dutch team competed at the World Championships. At the world championships she played her 25th international match.
Personal life
Whichgers was born in 1932. She married Rinus Apperloo (1928-2016).
References
1932 births
Possibly living people
Dutch volleyball players
Sportspeople from Utrecht (province)
Sportswomen
Denning, Arkansas

Denning is a town in the US state of Arkansas. It had a direct hit from a tornado during the late-May 2011 tornado outbreak.
Towns in Arkansas
Baure language

Baure is an Arawakan language native to Bolivia. The language is nearly extinct. It is spoken by only 40 of the thousand Baure people. These people live in the Beni Department northwest of Magdalena, Bolivia. Some parts of the Bible have been translated into Baure. Most Baure people now speak Spanish.
Baure has an active-stative syntax.
References
Other websites
Lenguas de Bolivia (online edition)
Documentation of Endangered Languages: Baure
Languages of South America
Endangered languages
Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi

Nawab Mohammad Mansoor Ali Khan Siddiqui Pataudi (also known as Mansur Ali Khan, or M. A. K. Pataudi; 5 January 1941 - 22 September 2011; nicknamed Tiger Pataudi), was an Indian cricketer and former captain of the Indian cricket team.
He was the titular Nawab of Pataudi from 1952 until 1971.
He was made captain at the age of 21. He was known as one of "India's greatest cricket captains".
Pataudi died at a New Delhi hospital of respiratory failure and a respiratory tract infection caused by lung disease on 22 September 2011, aged 70.
References
1941 births
2011 deaths
Deaths from respiratory failure
Deaths from respiratory tract infection
Deaths from lung disease
Indian cricketers
Princes and princesses
Le Tignet

Le Tignet is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the south of France.
Communes in Alpes-Maritimes
Ismail II

Ismail II (; Born Ismail Mirza; 31 May 1537 - 24 November 1577) was the third Shah of Safavid Iran from 1576 to 1577. In November of 1577, Ismail unexpectedly died. It is believed his sister, Pari Khan Khanum, poisoned him.
1537 births
Tirschenreuth

Tirschenreuth (Northern Bavarian: Dirschnrad, Diascharad) is the capital city of the district of Tirschenreuth. It is in the northeast of Bavaria, close to the Czech-Bavarian border.
Geography
Tirschenreuth is in the north of Upper Palatinate administrative region, about 75 miles north of Regensburg and 35 miles east of Bayreuth.
Incorporations
The following villages were incorporated in Tirschenreuth
Grossklenau
Kleinklenau
Brunn
Grundlbach
Haid
Hofen
Hohenwald
Kleinkonreuth
Lengenfeld
Lohnsitz
Marchaney
Matzersreuth
Mooslohe
Pilmersreuth a. d. Strasse
Pilmersreuth a. Wald
Rosall
Rothenburg
Sagmuhle
Wondreb
Wondrebhammer
Zeidlweid
Ziegelhutte
Twin towns and cities
Tirschenreuth is twinned with:
La Ville-du-Bois, France (2001)
Plana, Czech Republic (2008)
Lauf an der Pegnitz, Germany (2011)
Santa Fe Springs, California, United States
References
Tirschenreuth (district)
Brucellosis

Brucellosis is a disease that is caused by bacteria in the Brucella genus. It is also called Bang's disease, Crimean fever, Gibraltar fever, Malta fever, Maltese fever, Mediterranean fever, rock fever, and undulant fever. It is a very contagious disease (can be spread very easily from one person to another.)
Brucellosis is a zoonosis, a disease that is spread from animals to humans. Humans get the disease by drinking milk that is unsterilized, or by eating meat from sick animals. Sometimes, but not very often, the disease can be spread from human to human.
The disease was first called "Malta fever." British doctors in the military first discovered it in Malta during the Crimean War (1850s). Dr. David Bruce was the first person to discover the bacteria that caused brucellosis.
References
Animal diseases
Diseases caused by bacteria
With a Song in My Heart

With a Song in My Heart is a musical biographical movie. It was released in 1952. The story is about the life of Jane Froman, who was paralyzed in an airplane crash in 1943. The cast includes Thelma Ritter, Susan Hayward and Robert Wagner.
The movie won the Academy Award for Original Music Score and a Golden Globe Award for best musical/comedy picture.
1952 musical movies
American biographical movies
American musical movies
Dareema Caddo

Dareema Caddo was the first capital of the Daraawiish State. It is near the city of Buuhoodle, to the northwest. It used to be settled by the Arale Mahad tribe. But now the Arale Mahad tribe have moved to a town called Dhilaalo. Dhilaalo is a bit further to the north.
References
Settlements in Somalia
Khatumo
Eden Sher

Eden Sher is an actress who is on the television show, The Middle. She began acting at the age of eight. She was born on December 26, 1991 in Los Angeles, California.
Other websites
American television actors
Actors from Los Angeles
1991 births
Living people
Apostrophe

The apostrophe is a punctuation mark used in writing. It is a diacritic (a mark used with letters).
In English, it has two jobs:
To show where one or more letters have been left out, as in the abbreviation (contraction) of do not to don't.
To show the possessive case, as in the cat's whiskers.
Examples
Its versus it's
The most common grammatical mistake in written English is to put it's where its is correct.
Its: a possessive adjective and pronoun of the personal pronoun it.
The cat chased its tail. (correct)
The tyre lost it's grip. (wrong)
It's: a contraction of the verbal phrase it is or it has.
It's mine. (correct; check: It is mine)
It's been here. (correct; check: It has been here)
The cat chased it's tail. (wrong; cannot be expanded to it is)
The same applies to yours, theirs and ours because these are also possessive adjectives of personal pronouns.
The colour is ours.
That book is hers (or his).
Theirs was the responsibility.
Possession
Apostrophes are also used to show something belongs to someone (or something). Again, correct uses can be expanded:
Mike's car. (correct; the car that belongs to Mike)
The dog's ball. (correct; the ball that belongs to the dog)
Those dog's are large. (wrong; here "dogs" is a plural word)
The intrusive apostrophe
Comes in plurals which don't (do not) need it. Do not put an apostrophe in word ending in s, such as a plural. Put an apostrophe, or 's, at the end of the word instead.
Mr. Jones' hat or Mr. Jones's hat. (both correct)
Both of my parents' birthdays. (correct)
CD's and DVD's (wrong; not possessive. See "Plural" section below)
Apple's and pear's (wrong; not possessive)
Writing dialogue or titles
Apostrophes are also used when other words are shortened, as in slang:
Go get 'em tiger! or Li'l Bow Bow.
This is just a version of the abbreviation function.
Plural
To make a word that doesn't (does not) usually exist as a plural into a plural, an apostrophe is occasionally used. See these examples:
How many A's did you get this year? Here it is wrong because it is not needed.
The poll received many yes's and very few no's. Here it is sensible because without it the words 'yess' and 'nos' look quite peculiar. However, you may find 'yeses' and 'noes' are appropriate as plurals. General rule: if an apostrophe is not needed, do not use it.
References
Punctuation
Grammar
Prime lens

A prime lens is a lens which has a fixed "zoom" or focal length. It is easier to make fixed focal lenses than to include them in a variable focus lens. Therefore, fixed focal lenses usually have a larger opening, known as an aperture, than comparable variable focus lenses. They are usually also of a higher optical quality.
Camera lenses
Happy Shopper

Happy Shopper is a British wholesaler. The brand was first owned by Nurdin and Peacock. Nurdin and Peacock is brought by Booker Group in November 1996.
The name was also widely used for a convenience store franchise between 1971 and 1998. As of 2013, very few stores still operate as Happy Shopper. Most Happy Shopper stores names were changed to Premier Stores brand during 2000s. Premier store is another brand by Booker Group.
Happy Shopper convenience products are sold to independent convenience stores, discount stores, as well as cash and carry companies. Products include groceries, frozen foods, carbonated drinks, prepackaged/dried foods and confectionery, and are an own brand by Premier.
Happy Shopper's first logo was a smiling face with golden hair. In 2000, that logo was changed to a new design by Partners In Communication, a design consultant company. The new logo caused some controversy.
References
Other websites
Booker Group website
1996 establishments in England
Food companies of the United Kingdom
Cyprus Mail

The Cyprus Mail is a newspaper written in English based in Cyprus. It is made every day, except Monday. Some of its news can be found on its website.
Other websites
Official website
English-language newspapers published in Asia
Republic of Cyprus
Linda Harrison (actress)

Linda Melson Harrison (born July 26, 1945) is an American actress, director and producer. She is known for her roles as Nova in the science fiction movie classic Planet of the Apes (1968) and the first sequel, Beneath the Planet of the Apes.
References
1945 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American movie directors
American movie producers
Actors from Maryland
Businesspeople from Maryland
Water rocket

A water rocket is a type of model rocket using water as its working mass. The water is forced out by a pressurized gas, typically compressed air.
Other websites
The Water Rocket Achievement World Record Association - International association dedicated to the construction and safe operation of water rockets and the governing body for all water rocket world records.
Toys
Battle of the Camel

The Battle of the Camel (also known as Battle of Jamel or the Battle of Basra) is a war that took place outside Basra, Iraq, in 36 AH (656 CE). The battle was fought between Ali's army, on one side, and the rebel army led by Aisha, Talha, and Zubayr. Ali was the cousin and son-in-law of the prophet Muhammad, Aisha was a widow of the prophet Muhammad, and Talha and Zubayr were fellow companions of the prophet Muhammad.
References
History of Islam
Battles of the Middle Ages
656
Les Fleurs du mal

Les Fleurs du Mal is a collection of poems, by Charles Baudelaire. It was published between 1857 and 1868, there are three versions of the work. The first version of the book was forbidden, because it was seen to be against decency laws of the time. In total, six poems were forbidden. The poems in Les Fleurs du mal frequently break with tradition: they use suggestive images and unusual forms. The poems deal with themes relating to decadence and eroticism, particularly focusing on suffering and its relationship to the original sin, disgust toward evil and oneself, obsession with death, and aspiration toward an ideal world. Les Fleurs du mal was highly influential toward several notable French poets, including Paul Verlaine, Arthur Rimbaud, and Stephane Mallarme.
French literature
Xenosaga Freaks

Xenosaga Freaks (Japanese: zenosaga hurikusu) is a Japanese Adventure and Puzzle game, developed by Monolith Soft, and published by Namco. It released on PlayStation 2 (PS2) on April 28, 2004 only in Japan,
Gameplay
The title contains two original Xenosaga themed games: Ze of Komi. Encyclopedia of Xenosaga and Xenosaga Episode II trial version of the game.
Description
(an adventure game with 7 playable characters), Pittan (a puzzle game based on the Namco Kotoba no Puzzle: Mojipittan),
2004 video games
Puzzle video games
Adventure games
PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation 2-only games
Video games developed in Japan
Japan exclusive video games
Compilation video games
Dick Savitt

Richard Savitt (March 4, 1927 - January 6, 2023) was an American tennis player.
In 1951, at the age of 24, he won both the Australian and Wimbledon men's singles championships. Savitt was mostly ranked world No. 2 the same year behind fellow amateur Frank Sedgman, though was declared world No. 1 by The New York Times and The Owosso Argus-Press following his Wimbledon victory. He retired the next year. Savitt is one of four American men who have won both the Australian and British Championships in one year, following Don Budge (1938) and preceding Jimmy Connors (1974) and Pete Sampras (1994 and 1997).
Savitt died on January 6, 2023, in Manhattan, New York City. He was 95.
References
1927 births
2023 deaths
American tennis players
Sportspeople from New Jersey
People from Bayonne, New Jersey
Jewish American sportspeople
Equatorial Guinea

The Republic of Equatorial Guinea is a nation in west central Africa, and one of the smallest countries in Africa. It borders Cameroon on the north, Gabon on the south and east, and the Gulf of Guinea on the west. The country's territory is both on the continent and on islands. The continental part is known as Rio Muni. On one island, Bioko, is the capital, Malabo.
Equatorial Guinea and the peoples living there were colonized by Spain. Spanish is an official language because of this.
Provinces
Equatorial Guinea is divided into eight provinces (capitals appear in parentheses):
Annobon (San Antonio de Pale)
Bioko Norte (Malabo)
Bioko Sur (Luba)
Centro Sur (Evinayong)
Djibloho (Ciudad de la Paz)
Kie-Ntem (Ebebiyin)
Litoral (Bata)
Wele-Nzas (Mongomo)
The provinces are further divided into districts.
References
Other websites
1968 establishments in Africa
French-speaking countries
Least developed countries
Spanish-speaking countries