pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Straits Times

The Straits Times is a newspaper in Singapore. It was started in 1845. It prints news on a broadsheet. The newspaper belongs to Singapore Press Holdings.
On August 9, 1965, Singapore left Malaysia and the paper was more focused on Singapore and they created New Straits Times so Malaysians could still read the news.
History
The newspaper was started in 1845 by Cathick Moses. His friend, Martyrose Apcar wanted to start a local paper, but realized it was too expensive so Moses did.
It was originally a weekly paper but is now printed daily. It's called 'the "Sunday Times" when it makes the news on a Sunday.
1942
Japan, called the Japanese Empire back in that time had taken Singapore in WW2 and so to avoid being censored Straits Times changed its name to The Shonan Times. It got its name of The Straits Times back when the British took it back.
References
Other websites
straitstimes.com
English-language newspapers published in Asia
Singaporean culture
Organizations based in Singapore
The False Madonna

The False Madonna is a 1931 American drama movie directed by Stuart Walker and starring Kay Francis, Charles D. Brown, Conway Tearle, Marjorie Gateson. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Other websites
1931 drama movies
1930s American drama movies
Paramount Pictures movies
Movies directed by Stuart Walker
Said Gilani

Said Gilani is a athlete from Afghanistan. He was born on February 1996. Gilani competed at the 2017 and 2019 World Athletics Championships.
References
Other websites
1996 births
Living people
Afghan sportspeople
Sprinters
Oliver!

Oliver! is a musical. It is based on the novel, Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens. The book, lyrics, and music were written by Lionel Bart.
Premieres
Oliver! had its world premiere on 30 June 1960 at the New Theatre in the West End. It ran for 2621 performances. The musical was directed by Peter Coe, and choreographed by Malcolm Clare. It starred Ron Moody as Fagin, Georgia Brown as Nancy, Martin Horsey as Dodger, and Keith Hamshere as Oliver.
Oliver! opened on Broadway at the Imperial Theatre on 6 January 1963. Georgia Brown reprised her role as Nancy, Clive Revill played Fagin, Davy Jones played Dodger, and Bruce Prochnik played Oliver. It won three Tony Awards including Best Original Score.
Adaptations
In 1968, the musical was adapted to a movie of the same name. The movie won the Academy Award for Best Picture.
West End musicals
Broadway musicals
1960s musicals
Musicals based on books
Musicals adapted to movies
1960 works
Vätternrundan

Vatternrundan is a bicycle race held in Sweden over two weekend days in mid-June every year. It was first held in 1966. The race circles the lake of Vattern. It starts and finishes in the town of Motala.
The 2020 edition was cancelled because of the Coronavirus pandemic. The 2021 edition was moved from mid June until early September because of the same pandemic.
References
Other websites
Vatternrundan at SVT's open archive
1966 establishments in Sweden
Cycle races
Sport in Sweden
June events
Joseph D. Pistone

Joseph Dominick Pistone (born September 17, 1939), also known by his undercover alias Donnie Brasco, is an American former FBI agent.
He worked undercover between September 1976 and July 1981 as part of an undercover job into the Bonanno crime family and the Colombo crime family, two of the Five Families of the Mafia in New York City.
Pistone was an FBI agent for 17 years, from 1969 until he resigned in 1986. The evidence collected by Pistone led to over 200 indictments and over 100 convictions of Mafia members.
References
1939 births
Living people
Spies
American autobiographers
People from Erie, Pennsylvania
Writers from Pennsylvania
Bokermannohyla circumdata

The Espirtu Santo tree frog or thigh-barred tree frog (Bokermannohyla circumdata) is a frog that lives in Brazil. Scientists have named it after one of the places where it lives: the Mountains of Espirito Santo.
References
Frogs of South America
Washita County, Oklahoma

Washita County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 11,508 people lived there. Its county seat is New Cordell. It was formerly in Cloud Chief, Oklahoma.
Geography
The county has a total area of 1,009 square miles.
Oklahoma counties
1891 establishments in Oklahoma Territory
Ned Kelly (2003 movie)

Ned Kelly is a 2003 Australian movie directed by Gregor Jordan. The movie shows the life of Ned Kelly who was a famous bushranger in Australia. The movie is based on Robert Drewe's book Our Sunshine.
Most of the filming was done at the Little River Earth Sanctuary, Mount Rothwell, near Geelong. Street scenes were filmed in Clunes and Ballarat. Other locations include Broadford, Glenfern, Hepburn Springs and Melbourne.
Related pages
Ned Kelly
Ned Kelly (1970 movie)
The Story of the Kelly Gang
Other websites
Official site
Boxoffice information
References
Australian biographical movies
Australian crime movies
2000s English-language movies
Movies about outlaws
Movies based on books
Ned Kelly
2000s Western (genre) movies
Movies set in Australia
The Two Popes

The Two Popes is a British-Italian-American 2019 biographical drama movie directed by Fernando Meirelles and written by Anthony McCarten. It was adapted from McCarten's 2017 play The Pope. It stars Anthony Hopkins as Pope Benedict XVI and Jonathan Pryce as Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio (later Pope Francis).
The movie had a limited theatrical release in the United States on November 27, 2019 and in the United Kingdom on November 29, 2019, and started digital streaming on December 20, 2019, by Netflix.
References
2010s biographical movies
2019 drama movies
Netflix movies
Italian biographical movies
Italian drama movies
British biographical movies
British drama movies
American biographical movies
American drama movies
Bokermannohyla sazimai

The Zagaia tree frog (Bokermannohyla sazimai) is a frog that lives in Brazil. It lives in streams.
References
Frogs of South America
Allard van der Scheer

Allard Jan van der Scheer (21 August 1928 - 10 January 2014) was a Dutch actor. He was known for his roles in Daar gaat de bruid (1986), Hotel de Botel (1976) and Die Vrouwtjes van de wereld (1963). He was also an actor of television and stage.
Allard van der Scheer was born on 21 August 1928 in The Hague, Netherlands. His daughter was also an actress. Scheer died on 9 January 2014 in Muiderberg, North Holland. He died from lung cancer. He was aged 85.
References
Other websites
1928 births
2014 deaths
Cancer deaths in the Netherlands
Deaths from lung cancer
Dutch movie actors
Dutch stage actors
Dutch television actors
People from The Hague
South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone

The South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone was formed in 1986 by the United Nations. There goal is to promote cooperation and peace and security in the South Atlantic region. It especially wanted to limit nuclear weapons in these countries.
Members
References
International organizations
United Nations
1986 establishments
Political organizations
Politics of Africa
Politics of South America
Justin Hartley

Justin Scott Hartley is an American actor. He is known for his television roles that include Fox Crane on the NBC.
Filmography
References
Living people
1977 births
American television actors
American movie actors
Actors from Illinois
Beutal

Beutal is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comte in the Doubs department in east France.
References
Communes in Doubs
Lake Hibara

is a lake in Yama District, Fukushima, Japan. It is a part of the Bandai-Asahi National Park. It is the biggest of the lakes in the Bandai-kogen highlands.
Creation
Hibara Lake is a mesotrophic lake. It was created because of the July 15, 1888 eruption of Mount Bandai. The debris avalanche created a natural dam that then filled with water. It sank . The ruins of Hibara Village are still at the bottom of the lake.
Gallery
Notes
References
Hibara
Fukushima Prefecture
Rupert Grint

Rupert Alexander Lloyd Grint (; born 24 August 1988) is an English actor. He is best known for his role as Ron Weasley, one of the three main characters in the Harry Potter series of movies. He was cast as Weasley at age eleven. Before that, Grint had acted only in school plays and his local theatre group. From 2001 to 2011, he starred in all eight Harry Potter movies.
Grint started to work outside of the Harry Potter franchise in 2002. He had a main role in Thunderpants. In 2006, he was in Driving Lessons, a dramedy movie. He was also in Cherrybomb in 2010. Grint was in the comedy Wild Target with Bill Nighy and Emily Blunt. His first movie project after the Harry Potter series was in the 2012 anti-war movie Into the White. In 2013, his movie CBGB was released. That same year, he was cast in CBS's program Super Clyde. His first work on stage was in Mojo in October 2013. It was at the Harold Pinter Theatre in London. In 2014, he was the voice of the character of Josh in Postman Pat: The Movie. From 2017 to 2018, he executive-produced and starred in the programme Snatch, It was based on the movie of the same name. Since 2019, he has been in the Apple TV+ horror series Servant.
Grint supports several charitable causes. Since 2011, he has been in a relationship with actress Georgia Groome. They have a daughter.
Filmography
Movies
Television
Video games
Stage
Music
Other roles
Related pages
Daniel Radcliffe
Emma Watson
Tom Felton
References
Other websites
1988 births
Living people
British child actors
English movie actors
English television actors
English voice actors
Actors from Hertfordshire
Marstrand Regatta

The Marstrand Regatta () is a sailing event. It is held outside Marstrand in Sweden in July. It is hosted by the Gothenburg Royal Sailing Society.
References
Sailing
Sport in Sweden
Rise and Fall, Rage and Grace

Rise and Fall, Rage and Grace is the eighth album by American punk rock band The Offspring, released in 2008. It was their first album of new material in nearly five years, following 2003's Splinter, and their first to be produced by Bob Rock. It had produced four singles: "Hammerhead", "You're Gonna Go Far, Kid", "Kristy, Are You Doing Okay?" and "Half-Truism".
Although drummer Atom Willard (who left in July 2007) was still a member of the band during the recording, session musician Josh Freese actually handled the drum tracks, like he did on Splinter. Due to contract issues with Geffen Records, Willard could not do recording on the album and later decided to leave the band and continue his duties in Angels & Airwaves full time while former Face to Face drummer Pete Parada joined the band just in time for the tour.
Track listing
"Half-Truism" - 3:26
"Trust in You" - 3:09
"You're Gonna Go Far, Kid" - 2:58
"Hammerhead" - 4:38
"A Lot Like Me" - 4:28
"Takes Me Nowhere" - 2:59
"Kristy, Are You Doing Okay?" - 3:42
"Nothingtown" - 3:29
"Stuff Is Messed Up" - 3:32
"Fix You" - 4:19
"Let's Hear It for Rock Bottom" - 4:05
"Rise and Fall" - 2:59
Personnel
The Offspring
Dexter Holland - lead vocals, rhythm guitar
Noodles - lead guitar, backing vocals
Greg K. - bass guitar, backing vocals
Additional personnel
Josh Freese - drums
Chris "X-13" Higgins - backing vocals
Bob Rock - producer
References
2008 albums
The Offspring albums
Pop punk albums
Mark

Mark may refer to:
People
Mark Henry
Mark Antony
Mark Twain
Mark Wahlberg
Mark Hamill
Mark Shuttleworth
Mark Hoppus
Christian religion
Curse and mark of Cain, Cain's was not able to harvest crops and had a nomadic lifestyle
Gospel of Mark, one of the books of the Bible, and the Secret Gospel of Mark
Mark the Evangelist (Saint Mark)
Mark of the Beast, a sign or number told in the Book of Revelation
St Mark's Basilica, the most well known of the churches of Venice and an example of Byzantine architecture
Money
Deutsche Mark
East German mark
Estonian mark
Finnish markka
Reichsmark
Places
Mark, or marches, the border territory of a country
Baruth/Mark, a village in Brandenburg, Germany.
County of Mark, a county of the Holy Roman Empire
Mark (Dender), a river in Belgium, which flows into of the Dender
Mark (Dintel) a river in Belgium and the Netherlands, also known as the Dintel
Mark Hundred in Sweden
Mark Municipality in Sweden
Mark, Somerset, a village in Somerset, United Kingdom
Mark, Illinois, a village in the United States
Business
Service mark, image used to identify a service rather than a product
Trademark, a special sign of some kind which is used by a business to uniquely show itself and its products and services
The victim in a confidence trick
Half-staff

Half-staff or half-mast describes a flag being displayed at halfway up a flagpole or a ship's mast. This is done in many countries as a symbol of respect, mourning, or distress, or a form of honor.
The flag does not always have to be flown at exactly the half-way point, sometimes it is acceptable to have the "half-mast" flag at slightly lower or slightly higher than the middle of the flagpole or mast. Originally, "half-staff" meant that the flag had to be flown one flag-width from the top to allow for the "invisible flag of mourning" to be at the top.
References
Flags
sv:Flaggning#Sorgflaggning - "flaggning pa halv stang"
Installation art

Installation art is a style of visual art that uses three-dimensional objects. These artworks are usually meant to change the perception of a space (the way a space is seen). Installation artworks can be permanent or temporary and are shown in museums, galleries or in public spaces.
Some of the earliest installation artworks were Marcel Duchamp's readymade objects. However, the real development started in the 1970s. Today, with the improvement of technology, artists use and mix new medias and may involve sensors too in order to make the visitors interact with the installations.
Gallery
Bibliography
Bishop, Claire. Installation Art a Critical History. London: Tate, 2005.
Coulter-Smith, Graham. Deconstructing Installation Art. Online resource
"Installation." Oxford English Dictionary. 2006. Oxford English Dictionary Online. 30 January 2006 .
"Install, v." Oxford English Dictionary. 2006. Oxford English Dictionary Online. 30 January 2006 .
Reiss, Julie H. From Margin to Center: The Spaces of Installation Art. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2001.
Rosenthal, Mark. Understanding Installation Art: From Duchamp to Holzer. Munich: Prestel Verlag, 2003.
Suderburg, Erika. Space, Site, Intervention: Situating Installation Art. Minneapolis London: University of Minnesota Press, 2000.
Ferriani, Barbara. Ephemeral Monuments: History and Conservation of Installation Art. Los Angeles: Getty Publications, 2013.
Art movements
Sesheke

Sesheke is a border town in the Western Province of Zambia. It borders with Namibia on the north.
References
Geography of Zambia
Towns in Africa
1940 United States Census

The Sixteenth United States Census was done by the Census Bureau. It found the population of the United States to be 132,164,569. This was an increase of 7.3 percent from the 1930 population. The census date of record was April 1, 1940.
A number of new questions were asked. These included where people were 5 years before, highest level of education, and information about wages.
1940
1940s in the United States
United States Census
We Invented the Remix

We Invented the Remix is a remix album by P. Diddy with the Bad Boy Family, released on May 14, 2002. It features remixes of hit singles by artists from Diddy's Bad Boy Records record label. The album reached the top of the U.S. Billboard 200 albums chart for a week and was later certified Platinum for shipments of over 1,000,000 copies. The album also reached #17 in the UK on the UK Albums Chart. The album featured the hit singles "I Need a Girl (Part 1)", which reached #2 in the U.S., and "I Need a Girl (Part 2)", which reached #4, a rare occurrence of both parts of the same song both becoming big hits. This was the last album Bad Boy would release under the Arista Records label.
Track listing
Chart positions
Other websites
We Invented the Remix lyrics
Remix albums
2002 albums
Tiffany Valentine

Tiffany Valentine-Ray (also known as "The Bride of Chucky") is a murderous doll and a character in the Child's Play horror-comedy movie series. She is played by Jennifer Tilly in both live-action and voiceover in Bride of Chucky, Seed of Chucky, Curse of Chucky, and Cult of Chucky.
As a human, Tiffany has bleached blonde hair and brown eyes, a gothic fashion style, and has a chest tattoo of a stabbed heart with Chucky written above it.
References
Child's Play (franchise)
Fictional murderers
Movie characters
Baquerín de Campos

Baquerin de Campos is a municipality found in the province of Palencia in the autonomous community of Castile and Leon in Spain.
Sources
Municipalities in Castile and Leon
Settlements in Palencia
Battle of Poitiers (1356)

The Battle of Poitiers (1356) was one of the three most important victories for England over France in the Hundred Years' War. Edward, the Black Prince led the English who captured King John II of France during the battle.
Poitiers
1356
1350s in England
1350s in France
Jaén, Spain

Jaen () is a city in south-central Spain, located in the autonomous community of Andalusia. It is the capital of the Province of Jaen.
References
Capital cities in Spain
Cities in Andalusia
Municipalities in Andalusia
Moyen-Chari (region)

Moyen-Chari is one of the 23 regions of Chad. Its capital is Sarh.
Manda National Park is in the region.
Subdivisions
The region of Moyen-Chari is divided into three departments:
Regions of Chad
Theogony

The Theogony (, Theogonia, the birth of the gods) is a poem by Hesiod. It was written in the 8th or 7th century BC, and uses the same dialect of Ancient Greek as Homer. This dialect is known as Epic dialect today. With the exception of the Illiad and the Odyssey, the Theogony is the oldest known source of Greek mythology.
The poem is a synthesis of different Greek stories and traditions. It is a story that tells how the gods came to be and how they established permanent control over the cosmos. It is the first Greek mythical cosmogony. In the beginning, the state of the universe is chaos - a dark indefinite void. Everything else appeared from divine chaos.
References
Selected translations
Athanassakis, Apostolos N., Theogony ; Works and days ; Shield / Hesiod ; introduction, translation, and notes, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1983.
Frazer, R.M. (Richard McIlwaine), The Poems of Hesiod, Norman : University of Oklahoma Press, 1983.
Most, Glenn, translator, Hesiod, 2 vols., Loeb Classical Library, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2006-07.
Schlegel, Catherine M., and Henry Weinfield, translators, Theogony and Works and Days, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 2006
Other websites
Hesiod, Theogony e-text (in English)
Hesiod, Theogony e-text in Ancient Greek (from Perseus)
Hesiod, Theogony e-text in English (from Perseus)
Epic poems
Classical Greek literature
8th-century BC works
January 2022 Burkina Faso coup d'état

On 23 January 2022, a gunshot was heard in front of presidential residence in the Burkinabe capital Ouagadougou. The soldiers was reported to have taken the control of military base in the capital. Although the government denied the ongoing coup in the country. However, several hours later, President Roch Marc Christian Kabore was said to have been arrested by the soldiers at military camp in the country. The next day, Kabore was removed from power.
It was reported that the internet in the country has stopped working. On 24 January 2022, it was announced that Paul-Henri Sandaogo Damiba was the coup's leader and would become the country's head of state.
References
2022 in Africa
Coups d'etat
2022 coup d'etat
January 2022 events
Ouagadougou
Avalon Park, Chicago

Avalon Park is an area on the south side of the U.S. city of Chicago, Illinois. It is one of the city's 77 official community areas and a park. Boundaries are 76th St. to the north, South Chicago Ave. to the east and 87th St. to the south.
Avalon Park had a major demographic change in the 1960s. In the 1960 census, Avalon Park was 0% African American (only six of 12,710 residents). A decade later, Avalon Park was 83% African American, according to the 1970 census.
A sewer system was created in 1910. It helped to drain the area and make further development easier.
References
Community areas of Chicago
Main-Kinzig-Kreis

Main-Kinzig-Kreis is a Rural District in east Hesse, Germany.
Towns and municipalities
References
Other websites
Isthmohyla lancasteri

Lancaster's's tree frog (Isthmohyla lancasteri) is a frog that lives in Costa Rica and Panama. Scientists have seen it between 40 and 1450 meters above sea level. It lives in premontane places, not too high up in the mountains.
References
Frogs of North America
A48(M) motorway

The A48(M) motorway in Wales links Cardiff with Newport. The A48(M) has no junctions and opened in 1977.
Junctions
References
Other websites
CBRD Motorway Database - A48(M)
Pathetic Motorways - A48(M)
Motorways in Wales
After Many Years (1908 movie)

After Many Years is a 1908 American silent drama movie directed by D. W. Griffith and stars Charles Inslee, Florence Lawrence, and Harry Solter.
Actors
Charles Inslee as John Davis
Florence Lawrence as Mrs. John Davis
Harry Solter as Tom Foster
Gladys Egan as The Davis' daughter
Linda Arvidson
Edward Dillon
George Gebhardt as A sailor
Arthur V. Johnson as Member of the rescue party
Herbert Prior
Mack Sennett as Sailor/Member of the rescue party
References
Other websites
American movies
1908 movies
American silent movies
American drama movies
United Nations list of non-self-governing territories

A non-self-governing territory (NSGT) as a territory without a full self-government. In practice, a NSGT is a territory considered by the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) to be "non-self-governing".
Current entries
The following 17 territories are currently included on the list.
References
United Nations
The Chantels

The Chantels was an American female African-American music group. They performed rhythm and blues starting in 1957 and ending in 1970. The first single by the group was "He's Gone", released in 1957. Later that year, the song "Maybe" was released. In mid January 1958 it was at #15 on the Billboard Hot 100.
This group had five members. Arlene Smith was the leader. One of the musicians, Jackie Landry Jackson, died during 1997. The Chantels' 1958 single "I Love You So" was in the 1989 movie Look Who's Talking.
Other websites
Official website
American girl groups
Musical groups disestablished in 1970
American R&B bands
1957 establishments in the United States
1970 disestablishments in the United States
Musical groups established in 1957
Elisa Barnard

Elisa Barnard is an archer from Australia. Barnard competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics. She was born on 27 May 1993.
References
Other websites
1993 births
Australian archers
Australian Olympians
Sportspeople from Sydney
Living people
Dive bomber

A dive bomber is a bomber aircraft that dives towards the ground so it can get very close to its targets so that it is more likely to hit them. This can also limit the chance of anti-aircraft fire hitting the plane.
Diving nearly vertically at the target, the aircraft will release the bombs very close to the target at high speed. This allows a dive bomber to drop bombs accurately on a relatively small target, or a moving target quite easily. Dive bombers were widely used to attack high value targets such as ships and bridges. This also had the advantage of attacking ships at a weak spot. A ship's armour was heaviest near the water. On the top of the ship, however, either the armour was very thin, or there was no armour at all. Also, dive bombing allowed relatively small aeroplanes carrying a limited bomb load to do more damage than usual.
Because of better bombsights and better anti-aircraft warfare after World War II, dive bombers were replaced by attack aircraft.
Military aircraft
Dick Whittington

Dick Whittington, properly Sir Richard Whittington (1354 - March 1423), was four times Lord Mayor of London, a member of parliament and a Sheriff of London. He had no children and left his fortune (PS7,000 equivalent to PS6,300,000 in 2021) to form the Charity of Sir Richard Whittington.
His life was well known. He became a character in an English story that was adapted for the stage as a play, The History of Richard Whittington, of his lowe byrth, his great fortune, in February 1604. This was turned into a pantomime called Dick Whittington and His Cat. This tells how Dick, a boy from a poor Gloucestershire family, sets out for London to make his fortune, accompanied by, or later acquiring, his cat. At first he meets with little success, and is tempted to return home. However, on his way out of the city, whilst climbing Highgate Hill he hears the Bow Bells of London ringing, and believes they are sending him a message. There is now a large hospital on Highgate Hill, named the Whittington Hospital. A traditional rhyme associated with this tale is:Turn again, Whittington,
Once Lord Mayor of London!
Turn again, Whittington,
Twice Lord Mayor of London!
Turn again, Whittington,
Thrice Lord Mayor of London!
References
Mayors of London
1354
1423 deaths
Eumuroida

Eumuroida are a group of all muroid rodents, or the true muroids. It was made in 2004. The group is not in the standard taxonomic classification, but it is between superfamily and family. The Eumuroida is the clade including all organisms which evolved from the most recent ancestor of the Calomyscidae, Nesomyidae, Cricetidae, and Muridae.
Taxonomy
Family Calomyscidae
Subfamily Calomyscinae (mouse-like hamsters)
Family Nesomyidae
Subfamily Cricetomyinae (pouched rats and mice)
Subfamily Dendromurinae (African climbing mice, gerbil mice, fat mice and forest mice)
Subfamily Mystromyinae (white-tailed rat)
Subfamily Nesomyinae (Malagasy rats and mice)
Subfamily Petromyscinae (rock mice and the climbing swamp mouse)
Family Cricetidae
Subfamily Arvicolinae (voles, lemmings and muskrat)
Subfamily Cricetinae (true hamsters)
Subfamily Neotominae (North American rats and mice)
Subfamily Sigmodontinae (New World rats and mice)
Subfamily Tylomyinae
Family Muridae
Subfamily Deomyinae (spiny mice, brush furred mice, link rat)
Subfamily Gerbillinae (gerbils, jirds and sand rats)
Subfamily Lophiomyinae (crested rat)
Subfamily Murinae (Old World rats and mice including vlei rats)
References
Jansa, S. A. and M. Weksler. 2004. Phylogeny of muroid rodents: relationships within and among major lineages as determined by IRBP gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 31:256-276.
McKenna, M. C. and S. K. Bell. 1997. Classification of Mammals above the Species Level. Columbia University Press, New York.
Michaux, J., A. Reyes, and F. Catzeflis. 2001. Evolutionary history of the most speciose mammals: molecular phylogeny of muroid rodents. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 17:280-293.
Norris, R. W., K. Y. Zhou, C. Q. Zhou, G. Yang, C. W. Kilpatrick, and R. L. Honeycutt. 2004. The phylogenetic position of the zokors (Myospalacinae) and comments on the families of muroids (Rodentia). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 31:972-978.
Steppan, S. J., R. A. Adkins, and J. Anderson. 2004. Phylogeny and divergence date estimates of rapid radiations in muroid rodents based on multiple nuclear genes. Systematic Biology, 53:533-553.
Rodents
Carl Ruiz

Carl "The Cuban" Ruiz (April 4, 1975 - September 21, 2019) was a Cuban-American restaurant-owner and celebrity chef. He was born in Passaic, New Jersey. Ruiz was best known as a judge on many cooking competition shows on Food Network in the United States. He was also known for working with Guy Fieri and was a judge on his shows, including Guy's Grocery Games and Guy's Ranch Kitchen.
Ruiz died in his sleep on September 21, 2019, of a suspected heart attack while visiting friends in Maryland, aged 44.
References
1975 births
2019 deaths
American chefs
People from Passaic, New Jersey
Television personalities from New Jersey
Angri

Angri is a town and comune in the province of Salerno, Campania, Italy. It was the hometown of Teresina Raiola, the mother of famous American gangster Al Capone, as well Frank Nitti, another famous gangster. It is also where Alfonso Maria Fusco lived and died.
References
2001 census data download Istituto Nazionale di Statistica
Towns in Italy
Settlements in Campania
Rions

Rions is a commune. It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest part of France.
Communes in Gironde
Bokermannohyla

Bokermannohyla is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. Scientists invented this genus in 2005. That year, many amphibian scientists looked at the species of in Hylidae and decided to make changes. Twenty-three species that had been placed in the genus Hyla were moved to Bokermannohyla.
These frogs live in southern Brazil.
Scientist tell whether a frog is a Bokermannohyla frog using 65 specific parts of the DNA in its nucleus and mitochondria. These genes are for proteins and ribosomes.
This group is named after scientist Werner Carlos Agosto Bokermann.
Size
With most frogs, the adult female frog is larger than the adult male frog. But with some frogs in Bokermannohyla, the adult male frog is larger. Scientists say this happens when the male frogs fight each other for good places to find female frogs.
Species
References
Frogs of South America
Haider al-Abadi

Haider Jawad Kadhim al-Abadi (or al-'Ibadi; , born 25 April 1952) is an Iraqi politician. He was the Prime Minister of Iraq from September 2014 through October 2018.
Other websites
1952 births
Prime Ministers of Iraq
People from Baghdad
Living people
Electrical engineers
Independent politicians
Offspring

In biology, offspring are the young creation of living organisms, produced either by a single organism or, in the case of sexual reproduction, two organisms. Collective offspring may be known as a brood or progeny in a more general way. This can refer to a set of simultaneous offspring, such as the chicks hatched from one clutch of eggs, or to all the offspring, as with the honeybee.
Biological reproduction
Eibelstadt

Eibelstadt () is a town in Wurzburg, in Bavaria, Germany.
Geography
Eibelstadt is among vineyards on the right edge of the Main, 10 km southeast of Wurzburg.
References
Wurzburg (district)
Lady Pamela Hicks

Lady Pamela Carmen Louise Hicks (nee Mountbatten; born 19 April 1929) is a British aristocrat. She is a relative of the British royal family.
She is the younger daughter of Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma and Edwina Ashley. Through her father, Lady Pamela is a first cousin of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and a grandniece of the last Empress of Russia, Alexandra Feodorovna.
She was a bridesmaid and later as a lady-in-waiting to Queen Elizabeth II.
References
1929 births
Living people
British nobility
Us Girls

Us Girls is a BBC sitcom series that aired for 2 seasons and 12 episodes from 27 February, 1992 and 14 April, 1993. It stars Joanne Campbell, Mona Hammond and Marlaine Gordon.
Other websites
BBC Comedy Guide
1992 television series debuts
1993 television series endings
1990s British comedy television series
1992 establishments in the United Kingdom
One Bennett Park

One Bennett Park is a skyscraper at 451 East Grand Avenue, in the Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago.
The project was first announced as the building at 451 E. Grand Ave in July 2014, approved in December 2014, and named One Bennett Park in October 2015.
The building is named for Edward H. Bennett, the Chicago architect and urban planner who coauthored the 1909 Plan of Chicago. When completed, it will be among the tallest buildings in Chicago.
References
Skyscrapers in Chicago
Gavar

Gavar is a city in Armenia. It is the capital of Gegharkunik. It was called Nor Bayezet or Novyi Bayazet until 1959. Then the name changed to Kamo until 1996. The town is in the mountains. It is only a few miles away from the western shores of Lake Sevan. In 2001 there were 23,302 people.
The people of Gavar are mainly Christians. They belong to the Armenian Apostolic Church.
Notable people
Here are some notable people who were born or raised in the town of Gavar:
Pahare (1895-1968), actor, writer, conservative.
Frunze Dovlatyan (1927-1997), was a film director, actor and screenwriter.
Byureghik Mneyan (1935), actress, honoured pedagogue of the Republic of Armenia.
Hranush Hakobyan (1954), politician and current minister of diaspora of the Republic of Armenia.
Tigran Arzakantsyan (1966) veterinarian and honorary Doctor of International Business.
Hovhannes Goharyan (1988) football player of the Armenian national team.
References
Cities in Armenia
Lee Fogolin Sr.

Lidio John Fogolin, Sr. (born February 27, 1926 in Fort William, Ontario - d. November 29, 2000) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player for the Detroit Red Wings and Chicago Black Hawks of the NHL.
Playing career
Lee Fogolin started his professional career with the Omaha Knights of the USHL in 1946. The next year he played for the Indianapolis Capitals of the AHL. He saw his first NHL action for the Detroit Red Wings in the 1948 playoffs. He began the 1949 season with Indianapolis before being called up to the NHL full-time.
He played the next 3 seasons with Detroit winning the Stanley Cup with them in 1950. In 1951 he was traded to the Chicago Black Hawks along with Steve Black for Bert Olmstead and Vic Stasiuk. He played the final 6 years of his career on less than impressive Chicago Black Hawks teams. In 1957 he signed on as a player-coach of the Calgary Stampeders of the WHL. He broke his elbow that season and decided to retire at its conclusion to concentrate on coaching full-time.
Coaching career
Lee Fogolin coached 1 season in the WHL in 1957. He did not return to coaching until 1971 with the Thunder Bay Twins of the USHL where he stayed for 2 seasons.
Trivia
Lee Fogolin Sr. played in 2 NHL All Star Games in 1950 and 1951.
His son Lee Fogolin Jr. won 2 Stanley Cups with the Edmonton Oilers in 1984 and 1985.
His grandson Michael Fogolin played for the Prince George Cougars in the WHL and died in his sleep on May 26, 2004 of a possible heart condition.
Other websites
Picture of Lee Fogolin's Name on the 1950 Stanley Cup Plaque
1926 births
2000 deaths
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Chicago Blackhawks players
Detroit Red Wings players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Sportspeople from Thunder Bay
Stanley Cup champions
Soraya Thronicke

Soraya Vieira Thronicke (born 1 June 1973) is a Brazilian politician and lawyer. She has been the Senator from Mato Grosso do Sul since 2019. She was the UNIAO nominee for President of Brazil in the 2022 election. Her views are seen as economically liberal and socially conservative.
References
1973 births
Living people
Brazilian politicians
Brazilian lawyers
Boris Badenov

Boris Badenov is an antagonist of the 1959-1964 American animated television series The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show. He was voiced by Paul Frees in that series. Badenov's name is based on that of 16th century tsar Boris Godunov. His accent and explosive temper are a homage to American actor Akim Tamiroff, especially to Tamiroff's role in The Great McGinty a 1940 movie directed by Preston Sturges. Badenov was created by Bill Scott, who based the character's appearance on that of Gomez Addams.
Animated characters
Fictional characters introduced in the 1950s
Television characters
Gorgias (Plato)

Gorgias is a book of dialogue by Plato, written about the nature of rhetoric, virtue and justice.
Persons
The book is created by dialogues among persons as follow;
Socrates
Chaerephon, a friend of Socrates
Gorgias, a sophist
Polus, a student of Gorgias
Callicles, a sophist
Synopsis
In the preliminary discussion, Socrates and Gorgias agree that "persuasion is the chief end (goal) of rhetoric".
Socrates gets Gorgias to agree that there is a difference between belief and knowledge. A belief can be true or false, but there is no such thing as false knowledge (the word implies its correctness). The critical point in the dialogue is now reached:
Socrates: Shall we then assume two sorts of persuasion, one which is the source of belief without knowledge, as the other is of knowledge?
Gorgias: By all means.
Socrates: And which sort of persuasion does rhetoric create in courts of law and other assemblies... the sort of persuasion which gives belief without knowledge, or that which gives knowledge?
Gorgias: Clearly, Socrates, that which only gives belief.
Socrates: Then rhetoric, as would appear, is the artificer of a persuasion which creates belief about the just and unjust, but gives no instruction about them?
A bit later, the dialogue changes direction:
Polus: I will ask; and do you answer me, Socrates, the same question which Gorgias, as you suppose, is unable to answer: What is rhetoric?
Socrates: I should say a sort of experience.
Socrates: An experience in producing a sort of delight and gratification, Polus.
Polus: Then are cookery and rhetoric the same?
Socrates: No, they are only different parts of the same profession.
The dialogue continues. Socrates drives it towards a contrast between true knowledge produced by the art of philosophy, and the practical tricks of rhetoric. Rhetoric is pleasing and effective, but not an art, and is closer to flattery.
Socrates says that virtue is more important than rhetoric. Rhetoric should depend on philosophy. Philosophy is an art, but rhetoric is just a skill.
So what started as an academic discussion ends as a very direct attack on the way law and politics were done in Athens.
Related pages
Gorgias
Sophist
Works of philosophy
4th-century BC books
Son en Breugel

Son en Breugel is a municipality in the Dutch province of North Brabant. In 2019, 16,904 people lived there.
Municipalities of North Brabant
Joy Page

Joy Page (November 9, 1924 - April 18, 2008) was an American actress. She played Annina Brandel in the movie Casablanca. She also played Marsinah in the 1944 movie Kismet.
Page was born in Los Angeles, California. She died from pneumonia and a stroke, at age eighty-three.
American television actors
American movie actors
Actors from Los Angeles
1924 births
2008 deaths
Constitution of Portugal

The current Constitution of Portugal was adopted in 1976 after the Carnation Revolution.
References
Constitutions
Government of Portugal
Lovely Rita

"Lovely Rita" is a song by The Beatles performed on the album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, written and sung by Paul McCartney, although as with all McCartney-written Beatles songs it is credited to Lennon/McCartney. It is about a female parking attendant and the narrator's love for her.
Inspiration
The term "meter-maid" was largely unknown in the UK prior to the song's release. It is American slang for a female traffic warden, now officially known by the gender-neutral term parking attendant. According to some sources, the song emanates from when a female traffic warden named Meta Davis gave a parking ticket to McCartney outside Abbey Road Studios. Instead of becoming angry, he accepted it with good grace and expressed his feelings in song. When asked why he had called her "Rita", McCartney replied, "Well, she looked like a Rita to me".
Recording
Recording began on 23 February 1967. Using a four-track recorder, this first performance featured Harrison's guitar on track 1, Lennon's guitar on track 2, Ringo's drums on track 3, and McCartney's piano set on track 4. The band later added lead vocal, bass, and a three-part backing vocal section. By 21 March, the final mono mix was completed and a month later, the stereo mix was done.
The unusual noises during the song after the lines "and the bag across her shoulder/ made her look a little like a military man" were John Lennon, Paul McCartney, and George Harrison playing comb and paper. Mal Evans was sent to Abbey Road's lavatories to get toilet paper (which was stamped with the words, "PROPERTY OF EMI"). This was used to cover hair combs, which they blew through to sound like a kazoo orchestra.
Pink Floyd watched the Beatles recording "Lovely Rita". It is rumored that "Lovely Rita" influenced the song "Pow R. Toc H." found on their first album, "The Piper at the Gates of Dawn".
Personnel
Paul McCartney - vocal, piano, bass, comb and paper
John Lennon - backing vocal, vocal percussion, acoustic rhythm guitar, comb and paper
George Harrison - backing vocal, electric slide guitar, acoustic rhythm guitar, comb and paper
Ringo Starr - drums, comb and paper
George Martin - production, piano
Geoff Emerick - engineer
Personnel per Ian MacDonald
Shawn Phillips has said in an interview that he performed background vocals on the track.
Other versions
In 1976, Roy Wood of ELO and Wizzard recorded the song for the musical documentary All This and World War II. The song was recorded by Fats Domino.
In 2007, Travis recorded the song for It Was 40 Years Ago Today, a television film with contemporary acts recording the album's songs using the same studio, technicians and recording techniques as the original.
Joan Osborne sings the song on the 2009 Cheap Trick release, Sgt. Pepper Live.
Les Fradkin has an instrumental version on his 2007 release Pepper Front to Back.
Notes
References
The Beatles songs
1967 songs
Upper Montclair, New Jersey

Upper Montclair is a census-designated place (CDP), unincorporated community and neighborhood within Montclair in Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population for the CDP was 11,565.
References
Census-designated places in New Jersey
Unincorporated communities in New Jersey
Variable nebula

A variable nebula is a reflection nebula that gets brighter and darker because of changes in its star.
Nebulae
The Three Musketeers (1993 movie)

The Three Musketeers is a 1993 Austrian American action adventure comedy movie directed by Stephen Herek and was based on the 1844 novel of the same name by Alexandre Dumas. It stars Charlie Sheen, Kiefer Sutherland, Chris O'Donnell, Oliver Platt, Tim Curry, Rebecca De Mornay, Paul McGann, Gabrielle Anwar, Julie Delpy.
Other websites
1993 action movies
1993 comedy movies
1993 adventure movies
Austrian action movies
Austrian comedy movies
Austrian adventure movies
1990s American action movies
1990s American adventure movies
American comedy movies
Movies based on books
Movies set in the 17th century
Movies set in France
Movies set in Paris
Movies directed by Stephen Herek
Bohemian Like You

"Bohemian Like You" is a 2000 song by American alternative rock band The Dandy Warhols and is the second single from their third studio album Thirteen Tales from Urban Bohemia. It went to number 1 in Portugal, number 5 in the United Kingdom, Greece and Italy, number 17 in Ireland and number 19 in the Netherlands.
Track listings
Original 2000 release
2001 re-release
References
2000 songs
The Dandy Warhols songs
Power pop songs
Electoral district of Maroochydore

Maroochydore is an electoral district of Queensland. It was created in 1992.
Maroochydore is on the Sunshine Coast.
Election results
References
Maroochydore
Vassily Ivanchuk

Vassily Ivanchuk, born 18 March 1969, is a Ukrainian chess grandmaster.
Chucky, as he is affectionately known, has been a leading player in the world since 1988, at times reaching the second spot on the FIDE list, but has never won the World Chess Championship. Ivanchuk has often had erratic results. Since 2007 his world ranking has ranged from twelfth to second, before dropping to 30th in July 2009.
He was the 2007-2008 World Blitz Chess champion.
He won Amber blindfold and rapid chess championship in 1992 and 2010.
Character
Chucky has been described by Viswanathan Anand as the most eccentric player in the chess world. Anand gave his view on Ivanchuk like this:
"He's someone who is very intelligent ... but you never know which mood he is going to be in. Some days he will treat you like his long-lost brother. The next day he ignores you completely.
The players have a word for him. They say he lives on 'Planet Ivanchuk'. (Laughs) ... I have seen him totally drunk and singing Ukrainian poetry and then the next day I have seen him give an impressive talk.
For a while he was trying to learn Turkish. Don't ask me why ... Every day is a surprise with him".
When he plays, Ivanchuk rarely looks at the board. Instead he stares at the ceiling and at the walls with a blank stare (although this is not uncommon with top players who calculate without looking at the board). His playing style is unpredictable and highly original, making him a threat to any chess player, although it sometimes also leads to quick losses.
After a string of unsuccessful games culminated in his elimination at the early stages of the 2009 Chess World Cup, Ivanchuk announced, in a highly emotional interview, his retirement from professional chess. However, he soon recanted this decision.
References
1969 births
Living people
Ukrainian chess players
Chess grandmasters
Alexander Dennis Enviro300

The Alexander Dennis Enviro300 (previously known as TransBus Enviro300) is a single decker low-floor bus. It was built in two generations from 2001 to 2015. It was built by TransBus International until 2004. It was then built by Alexander Dennis.
First generation (2001-2008)
The first generation TransBus Enviro300 was launched in 2001. In 2004 Transbus was sold to Alexander Dennis. The bus was renamed the Alexander Dennis Enviro300. In 2006 the Enviro300 chassis became available with the East Lancs Esteem bodywork.
Second generation (2007-2015)
The second generation Enviro300 was launched in 2007. With it various chassis could be added on, like the MAN 18.240, Volvo B7RLE and Scania K230UB.
In April 2013 a gas-powered version called the Enviro300SG was launched. It was available on the Scania K230UB chassis. These buses were jointly built by Alexander Dennis and Scania.
Gallery
References
Buses
Jorgelina Aranda

Jorgelina Julia Aranda (19 August 1942 - 10 January 2015) was an Argentine actress, model and singer. She was known for her role in Il Gaucho. Aranda was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Aranda died of cancer in Buenos Aries, aged 72.
References
Other websites
1942 births
2015 deaths
Argentine movie actors
Argentine models
Singers from Buenos Aires
Cancer deaths in Argentina
Actors from Buenos Aires
Willy Hamerslag

Willy "Wil" Hamerslag, often only referred to only by her surname Hamerslag (born 1900s) was a Dutch athletics competitor in the 1920s, specialized in the high jump and long jump. She was a member of Hygiea, The Hague.
Career
Hamerslag won multiple medals at national championships. She became 1925 national champion in the long jump with 4.885 metres. At the same championships she finished second in the athletics' triathlon and third in the high jump.
In 1927 she became the first official national record holder in the high jump with a height of 1.395 meter.
In September 1927 she became Dutch national champion in the 4x 100 metres together with Nici Mur, Martha Kolthof and Nettie Grooss with a time of 55 seconds.
References
Other websites
newspaper articles with Hamerslag -- via Delpher
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
High jumpers
1900s births
Dutch long jumpers
Ray Davies

Sir Raymond Douglas Davies ( ; born 21 June 1944) is a British rock musician. He was born in Fortis Hill, Muswell Hill, north London. He was the lead singer of The Kinks, in which his brother Dave Davies was lead guitarist. Since the band split, Ray Davies is a solo singer-songwriter.
Davies attempted suicide and was later diagnosed with bipolar disorder.
References
Other websites
Official website
1944 births
Living people
English rock singers
English singer-songwriters
Musicians from London
Singers from London
People with bipolar disorder
Stand-up comedy

Stand-up comedy is a style of comedy where the comedian speaks directly to the audience. A person who performs stand-up comedy is known as a stand-up comic, stand-up comedian, or simply stand-up. It is usually done by a single comedian, and with the help of a microphone. The comedian normally speaks quickly many funny stories and short jokes (called bits). This is called a monologue, routine or act. Some stand-up comedians use music, props, or magic tricks in their acts. Stand-up comedy is usually done in comedy clubs, bars, colleges, and theaters. However, there is no restriction on where it can be done. Many smaller clubs, bars, and restaurants do "open microphone" events where amateur comedians can perform comedy in front of a live audience, offering a way for the performers to become better and possibly become professional comedians.
Related pages
List of stand-up comedians
Rakugo - Japanese verbal entertainment
Manzai - style of stand-up comedy in Japan
Open mike - live show where audience members may perform at the microphone
Comedy
Theatrical forms