pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Cover (combat technique)

In combat sports like fencing, boxing, karate, etc., the cover is a defensive movement permitting to protect oneself against strikes by placing a weapon or a body part like the fist, forearm, elbow, arm or shoulder before the aim aimed by this attack.
This form of defence, so-called "passive", is different from the block or parry that are considered "active". The cover has nearly the same meaning as "protection" especially in boxing when a fighter raises his arm in order to protect his face or head against a possible attack.
One puts cover to use:
in expecting way in case of the opponent's attack, especially in order to protect his or her own forward movement (example: raising the shoulder before the jaw, covering oneself with the arm and the glove)
in instantaneous (i.e. happening at once) way when the opponent's attack is launched.
In boxing and boxe pieds-poings
The cover in boxing is a form of defence commonly used in the hand-to-hand situations and when the fighter suffers by a large number of strikes.
Sources
Georges Blanchet, Boxe et sports de combat en education physique, Ed. Chiron, Paris, 1947
Alain Delmas, 1. Lexique de la boxe et des autres boxes (Document federal de formation d'entraineur), Aix-en-Provence, 1981-2005 - 2. Lexique de combatique (Document federal de formation d'entraineur), Toulouse, 1975-1980.
Jack Dempsey, Championship fighting, Ed. Jack Cuddy, 1950
Gabrielle & Roland Habersetzer, Encyclopedie des arts martiaux de l'Extreme-Orient, Ed. Amphora, Paris, 2000
Louis Lerda, J.C. Casteyre, Sachons boxer, Ed. Vigot, Paris, 1944
Marcel Petit, Boxe: technique et entrainement, Paris, Ed. Amphora, Paris, 1972
Other websites
Antenna WKA-France - Lexicon of the boxes pieds-poings (Column "Formations", onglet "Ceinture noire")
Lexicon of Netboxe.com
Practical sheets of Netboxe.com
BoxRec Boxing Encyclopaedia
Martial art techniques
Belo Horizonte

Belo Horizonte is a Brazilian city, capital of the state of Minas Gerais. About 2.4 million people live in the city. It has an area of 330.9 km2. It is the third largest metropolitan area in the country.
Colleges and Universities
Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG);
Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais (UEMG);
Pontificia Universidade Catolica de Minas Gerais (PUC-MG);
Universidade Jose do Rosario Vellano (UNIFENAS);
Centro Universitario Newton Paiva;
Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (UNIVERSO);
SKEMA Business School
Culture and Architecture
ARQBH
Sister Cities
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Porto, Portugal (1986)
Milan, Italy
Havana, Cuba
Bethlehem, Palestine
Boston, Massachusetts, United States (2007)
Fort Lauderdale, United States (2003)
Newark, New Jersey, United States (2006)
Masaya, Nicaragua (2002)
Granada, Spain (1975)
Minsk, Belarus (1987)
Luanda, Angola (1968)
Tegucigalpa, Honduras (2004)
Zahle, Lebanon (1974)
Homs, Syria (2001)
Tripoli, Libya (2003)
Cuenca, Ecuador (2004)
Cordoba, Argentina (2007)
Sao Paulo, Brazil
Lisbon, Portugal (2007)
Wuxi, China (1996)
Capitals of Brazilian states
Hui Chen Chen

Hui Chen Chen (born 23 April 1988) is a Taiwanese volleyball player. She played for the Chinese Taipei women's national volleyball team. She played at the 2006 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship and 2006 Asian Games.
She played for National Kaohsiung Normal University's women's volleyball team.
References
1988 births
Living people
Taiwanese volleyball players
Morgan Park, Chicago

Morgan Park, located on the far south side of the city of Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is one of the city's 77 official community areas.
54.8% of the residents were black and 37.2% of the residents were white. As of that year it was, within Chicago, the black-majority area with the highest percentage of whites.
References
Other websites
Official City of Chicago Morgan Park Community Map
Ridge Historical Society
Community areas of Chicago
Peggy Stewart

Peggy Stewart (born Margaret O'Rourke; June 5, 1923 - May 29, 2019) was an American movie actress. She starred mostly in B-movies during the 1930s and 1940s. Her sister, Patricia O'Rourke, was an Olympic swimmer and was married to World War II hero and B-movie actor Wayne Morris.
Stewart was born on June 5, 1923 in West Palm Beach, Florida. She was married to Don Barry from 1940 until they divorced in 1944. Then she was married to Buck Young from 1953 until his death 2000. Stewart died on May 29, 2019 at the age of 95.
Stewart appeared in the 2012 Adam Sandler movie That's My Boy.
Stewart played Pam Beesly's grandmother, Mee-Maw, in a 2009 episode of The Office and reprised the role in a 2010 episode.
References
Other websites
B-western ladies, Peggy Stewart
1923 births
2019 deaths
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
Actors from Florida
Arawa Kimura

was a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Kimura was born in Hiroshima on July 8, 1931. He played for Kwangaku Club (All Kwangaku) which was consisted of his alma mater Kwansei Gakuin University players and graduates. He also played for Chudai Club which was consisted of Chuo University players and graduates. He won 1950, 1953 and 1955 Emperor's Cup as a member of All Kwangaku and 1957 Emperor's Cup at Chudai Club.
In March 1954, Kimura was selected the Japan national team for 1954 World Cup qualification. At this qualification, on March 7, he debuted against South Korea. He also played at 1954 Asian Games. He played 6 games and scored 1 goal for Japan until 1955.
On February 21, 2007, Kimura died in Ebina at the age of 75.
Statistics
|-
|1954||2||0
|-
|1955||4||1
|-
!Total||6||1
|}
References
Other websites
1931 births
2007 deaths
Footballers from Hiroshima Prefecture
Japan international footballers
Susan Ryan

Susan Maree Ryan (10 October 1942 - 27 September 2020) was an Australian public servant and politician. She was the Age Discrimination Commissioner from 2011 to 2016, within the Australian Human Rights Commission. She was a member of the Labor Party. She served as a Senator for the Australian Capital Territory between 1975 and 1987.
Ryan also served as a minister in the Hawke Government. In 1983, she became the first female Labor minister when she became the Minister Assisting the Prime Minister for the Status of Women and Minister for Education and Youth Affairs. She was involved in the creation of the and the . She was also Special Minister of State from 1987 to 1988.
Ryan was born in Sydney, New South Wales. She was married to government official Richard Butler from 1963 to 1972. The couple had two children.
On 25 September 2020, Ryan was hospitalized in intensive care at a hospital near Sydney after swimming. She died two days later on 27 September, aged 77.
References
1942 births
2020 deaths
Australian Labor Party politicians
Government ministers of Australia
Members of the Australian Senate
Order of Australia
People from the Australian Capital Territory
Politicians from Sydney
Mount Cheaha

Cheaha Mountain, often called Mount Cheaha, is the tallest point in the State of Alabama. It is 2,407 feet (734 meters) tall. Mount Cheaha is a quartzite rock mountain. Mount Cheaha is the southeasternmost point of the Appalachian Mountains.
Mount Cheaha is protected in Cheaha State Park. The nearest city to Mount Cheaha is Talladega.
Mountains of the United States
Geography of Alabama
Appalachian Mountains
Organizational founder

In terms of a company or organization, a founder refers to the person responsible for starting an entity.
In a company, this is usually the first person to come up with the name, register the business, and take care of the first year of operations.
Occupations
LAM Mozambique Airlines Flight 470

LAM Mozambique Airlines Flight 470 was a scheduled international passenger flight by carrier LAM Mozambique Airlines from Maputo International Airport of Maputo, Mozambique. It crashed on 29 November 2013 into the Bwabwata National Park in northern Namibia en route to Quatro de Fevereiro Airport of Luanda, Angola. The wreckage of the aircraft was found the next day. All 27 passengers and six crew members were killed. It was later found out that the aircraft was crashed on purpose by the pilot, Herminio dos Santos Fernandes, in an act of murder-suicide.
All crew members and ten passengers were from Mozambique, nine from Angola, five from Portugal, one from France, one from Brazil, and one from China.
References
Other websites
Directorate of Aircraft Accident Investigations Namibia
Interim Report( )
LAM Mozambique Airlines - Index of press releases related to the crash
Flight TM 470 (Archive)
Voo TM 470 (Archive)
Embraer
"COMMUNIQUE." (Archive) 30 November 2013.
"COMUNICADO." (Archive) 30 November 2013.
2013 disasters
Murder in 2013
Aviation accidents and incidents in the 2010s
Murder-suicides
Transport in Africa
21st century in Namibia
Mozambique
November 2013 events
2010s disasters in Africa
La Roche-Neuville

La Roche-Neuville is a commune of 1,167 people (2017). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. The municipality was created on 1 January 2019 and consists of the former communes of Loigne-sur-Mayenne (the seat) and Saint-Sulpice.
References
2019 establishments in France
Communes in Mayenne
Mouans-Sartoux

Mouans-Sartoux is a commune. It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the south of France.
Communes in Alpes-Maritimes
Polish Canadians

Polish Canadians (, ) are citizens of Canada with Polish ancestry, and Poles who immigrated to Canada from abroad. At the 2016 Census, there were 1,106,585 Canadians who claimed full or partial Polish heritage.
References
Ethnic groups in Canada
Alexander Mackenzie (explorer)

Sir Alexander Mackenzie (1764-1820) was a Scottish explorer who explored the area that is now the Northwest Territories. Mackenzie was born in Stornoway, on the Scottish island of Lewis with Harris in 1764. Mackenzie made his fortune as a fur trader in northwest Canada.
In 1789, Mackenzie left Fort Chipewyan on Lake Athabasca with a small party of Canadians and native guides. He travelled north to Great Slave Lake on a boat or a canoe. Then he followed the river that now bears his name, the Mackenzie River. He was the first European to travel on the Mackenzie River. It took him to the Arctic Ocean. He had hoped the river would lead him to the Pacific Ocean.
In 1801 he wrote the book "Voyages on the River Saint Lawrence and Through the Continent of North America, To the Frozen and Pacific Oceans in the Years 1789 and 1793". This book contains information on native tribes and Canadian history of that time period.
He spent his last years in Scotland.
1764 births
1820 deaths
Scottish explorers
Outer Hebrides
The Star Chamber

The Star Chamber is a 1983 American legal crime drama thriller movie. The story is about law conditions preventing the prosecution of two men who are accused of murdering a 10-year-old boy. A judge named Hardin then tells another judge, Caulfield, of a Star Chamber (judges that identify criminals who fell through the cracks of the judicial system). Sharon Gless plays Emily Hardin, Michael Douglas plays Judge Hardin. This movie was released in August 1983. It received positive reviews from movie critics.
Other websites
1983 crime drama movies
1983 thriller movies
1980s crime thriller movies
1980s legal movies
1983 mystery movies
20th Century Fox movies
American crime drama movies
American crime thriller movies
American drama thriller movies
American legal movies
American mystery movies
English-language movies
Movies set in Los Angeles
Mystery thriller movies
Movies directed by Peter Hyams
United States Department of War

The United States Department of War, also called the War Office, was the department of the United States government's executive branch responsible for the operation and maintenance of land (and later air) forces from 1789 until September 18, 1947, when it became part of the National Military Establishment, renamed on August 10, 1949, the Department of Defense. The War Department also had responsibility for the young nation's naval affairs until the establishment of the Navy Department in 1798.
Former United States Executive Departments
1949 disestablishments
1789 establishments in the United States
1940s disestablishments in the United States
Baryon

Baryons are composite subatomic particles made of an odd number of valence quarks (at least three quarks). The most familiar baryons are the protons and neutrons which make up most of the visible matter in the universe. Electrons (the other major component of the atom) are leptons.
Since all quarks have a spin of 1/2, all baryons have a spin of 1/2 or 3/2 (the spins can cancel out). 1/2 spin baryons have the lowest energy state. 3/2 spin baryons are extremely unstable, and only live for 10-23 seconds. After that, they jump down to a lower energy state by releasing photons containing energy. These 3/2 spin baryons are known as higher energy resonances.
All particles with 1/2 spin (or 3/2 spin) are called fermions, and obey Fermi-Dirac statistics. This means that no two fermions can be in the same point in space at the same time. This is not true for the other type of subatomic particle, called a boson. More than one boson--like a photon--can exist in the same point in space at the same time.
Baryons are one of two types of hadrons, which are particles made of quarks. The other type of hadron is called a meson.
The name baryon comes from Greek "barys," meaning heavy.
References
Subatomic particles
Sigel, Illinois

Sigel is a town in Illinois in the United States.
Towns in Illinois
Ljungskile SK

Ljungskile SK is an association football club in Ljungskile in Sweden. The club played it's first Allsvenskan season in 1997.
Other websites
Official website
1926 establishments in Sweden
Swedish football clubs
Northumbria

The Kingdom of Northumbria (), was a medieval kingdom of the Angles, in what is now northern England and south-east Scotland. It later became an earldom in the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of England. The name reflects the southern limit to the kingdom's territory, the River Humber.
History
Northumbria was formed in the early 7th century by Athelfrith, King of Bernicia. He conquered the kingdom of Deira and several British kingdoms and combined them under his rule. The kingdom of Northumbria also included Lindsey at times. Northumbria was a part of the Heptarchy of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. At its greatest the kingdom extended at least from just south of the Humber river, to the River Mersey and to the Forth (roughly, Sheffield to Runcorn to Edinburgh). The name 'Northumbria' wasn't in common use until the time of Ecgfrith, King of Northumbria. The name is first used in the preamble to the council of Hatfield (680). Ecgfrith was described as king of the Humberfolk'. After the loss of Lindsey (kingdom) which was south of the River Humber, the name became Northumbria in Latin is Northanhymbrenis. It comes from the Old English be northan Hymbre meaning 'to the north of the Humber'. The name Northumbria was still used during the reigns of Kings Canute and Edward the Confessor. William the Conqueror broke up Northumbria into several parts. Yorkshire became the new name for the heartlands of the former kingdom.
Earldom
Northumbria became an earldom when the southern part of Northumbria (which had been Deira) was lost to the Danelaw. The northern part (which had been Bernicia) was a kingdom for a short time but under the Danish kingdom it also became an earldom. Some of this land was claimed by both England and Scotland. The Earldom of Northumbria was later a part of England by the Anglo-Scottish Treaty of York in 1237. On the northern border, Berwick-upon-Tweed, which is north of the Tweed but had changed hands many times, was defined as subject to the laws of England by the Wales and Berwick Act 1746. The land once part of Northumbria at its peak is now divided by modern administrative boundaries:
North East England includes Anglian Bernicia
Yorkshire and the Humber includes Anglian Deira and Celtic Elmet
North West England includes Cumbria
Scottish Borders, West Lothian, Edinburgh, Midlothian and East Lothian cover the extreme north
References
Northumberland
History of England
Anglo-Saxons
Petty kingdoms of England
Robin Eames

Robert "Robin" Henry Alexander Eames, Baron Eames, (born 27 April 1936), is an Anglican bishop. He served as Primate of All Ireland and Archbishop of Armagh from 1986 to 2006.
References
1936 births
Living people
Anglican archbishops
Anglican priests
British Anglicans
Northern Irish Protestants
People from Belfast
Tautology (rhetoric)

In rhetoric, a tautology is the repetition of a statement, for example, "With malice toward none, with charity for all".
Unlike a tautology in logic, it is not automatically true.
Examples
The phrase "A is A", often mistakenly attributed to Aristotle, was a favorite of Ayn Rand. The idea frequently appears in her philosophy, especially as written in her novel Atlas Shrugged.
The phrase A is B because A is B.
In his book Mostly Harmless, Douglas Adams used the phrase, "Anything that happens, happens. Anything that in happening causes something else to happen, causes something else to happen. Anything that in happening happens again, happens again. Though not necessarily in that order."
Comedian Mitch Hedberg joked about a tautological advertisement for a boxing match: "It said, It's a fight to the finish! (pause) That's a good place to end."
Figures of speech
Red Level, Alabama

Red Level is a town in the U.S. state of Alabama.
Towns in Alabama
Aaron MacKenzie

Aaron G. MacKenzie (born March 7, 1981, in Terrace Bay, Ontario) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman. He played briefly in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Colorado Avalanche.
MacKenzie made his NHL debut with the Avalanche in a 4-1 win against the Vancouver Canucks. He retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2015.
Career statistics
References
Other websites
1981 births
American Hockey League players
Canadian ice hockey defencemen
Colorado Avalanche players
Worcester IceCats players
ECHL players
Living people
Ice hockey people from Ontario
United States Hockey League players
Morgan's canon

Morgan's canon is a rule relating to animal behaviour, which states that it should be explained as simply as possible. It is named after British psychologist C. Lloyd Morgan. His idea was that people should only consider behaviour as, for example, rational, purposive or affectionate, if there is no other explanation possible.
"In no case is an animal activity to be interpreted in terms of higher psychological processes if it can be fairly interpreted in terms of processes which stand lower in the scale of psychological evolution and development".
Morgan saw that much insight and apparent problem-solving behaviour could be described using trial and error learning. A famous example is the skilful way in which Morgan's terrier Tony opened the garden gate, easily taken by someone seeing the final behaviour as an insightful act. Morgan, however, had watched and recorded the series of approximations by which the dog had gradually learned the response, and could demonstrate that no insight was required to explain it.
Morgan's Canon is a forerunner of behaviourism.
Related pages
Behaviorism
Occam's Razor
References
Ethology
Chlamydia infection

Chlamydia infection (from the Greek, khlamudos meaning "cloak") is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in humans. It is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It can be treated with antibiotics.
The term Chlamydia infection can also refer to infections caused by any species belonging to the bacterial family Chlamydiaceae. C. trachomatis is only in humans. Chlamydia is a major infectious cause of human genital and eye disease.
The infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in people worldwide - about 2.8 million cases of chlamydia infection occur in the United States each year. It is the most common bacterial STI in humans.
C. trachomatis naturally lives only inside human cells. Chlamydia can be transmitted during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. It can also be passed from an infected mother to her baby during vaginal childbirth. Many people with Chlamydia show no symptoms of infection. Between half and three-quarters of all women who have chlamydia have no symptoms and do not know that they are infected. Untreated, chlamydial infections can cause serious reproductive and other health problems with both short-term and long-term consequences.
Chlamydia conjunctivitis or trachoma is a common cause of blindness worldwide. The World Health Organization estimates that it accounted for 15% of blindness cases in 1995, but only 3.6% in 2002.
References
Other websites
Resources, symptoms list and guidelines about Chlamydia
Sexually transmitted diseases
Diseases caused by bacteria
Dietrich Mateschitz

Dietrich Mateschitz (20 May 1944 - 22 October 2022) was an Austrian billionaire businessman. He was the co-founder and 49% owner of the Red Bull energy drink company. In June 2019, Mateschitz's net worth was said to be at $19.5 billion, making him the 53rd richest person in the world. He was born in Sankt Marein im Murztal, Styria.
Mateschitz died on 22 October 2022 from a long-illness at the age of 78.
References
1944 births
2022 deaths
Austrian businesspeople
Billionaires
Voiced bilabial flap

The voiced bilabial tap or flap is a sound used in some spoken languages. It is not in English.
Consonants
Charan Singh

Chaudhary Charan Singh (23 December 1902 - 29 May 1987) was an Indian politician. He was the 5th Prime Minister of India from 28 July 1979 until 14 January 1980. Many people called him the 'champion of India's peasants.' He was born in Noorpur, United Provinces, British India. He was mainly a member of the Janata Party.
Singh died of a stroke on 29 May 1987 in New Delhi at the age of 84.
References
1902 births
1987 deaths
Politicians from Uttar Pradesh
Prime Ministers of India
Indian Deputy Prime Ministers
Saint-Germain-de-Tallevende-la-Lande-Vaumont

Saint-Germain-de-Tallevende-la-Lande-Vaumont was a commune. It is in the region of Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department. This is in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Vire-Normandie.
References
Former communes in Calvados
Area code 302

Area code 302 is an area code for Delaware. It was one of the initial area codes created in October 1947. It still covers the entire state of Delaware. It is one of the longest area codes to cover an entire U.S. state without being split or overlaid.
302
Delaware
Gösta Ågren

Sven Gosta Agren (August 3, 1936 - June 24, 2020) was a Finnish author. He won the Finlandia Prize in 1988 for Jar. Agren wrote his works in Swedish. He was known for his left-wing views.
Agren died on June 24, 2020, aged 83.
Works
References
1936 births
2020 deaths
Finnish poets
San Antonio

San Antonio is a large city in southern Texas, USA. It is the second most populous city in Texas, with about 1.3 million people. It is the seventh most populous city in the United States. The city is known for The Alamo, and the River Walk along the small small San Antonio River that flows through the middle of the city. It is lined with shops and restaurants. San Antonio is also home to the San Antonio Spurs, which is a basketball team in the NBA.
57% of the population is Hispanic, 32% is white, 8% is African-American, 2% is Asian, and 1% Native American. The main industries of San Antonio are health-care, tourism, and national defense. Besides tourist attractions, the city has many medical centers and military bases.
Geography
San Antonio is surrounded by Hill Country, Prairie, and the South Texas Plains.
Climate
San Antonio has a semi-arid climate with characteristics of a humid subtropical climate.
Like Austin, rain comes during the spring.
Culture
San Antonio has a Mexican American culture because it was once a part of Mexico.
Facts
The Alamo is located here.
One of three SeaWorlds is located here, the other two being in Orlando and San Diego.
San Antonio is home to two amusement parks, Six Flags Fiesta Texas and SeaWorld San Antonio.
Neighborhoods
Downtown
Downtown San Antonio, the city and metro area's urban core, encompasses many of the city's famous structures, attractions, and businesses. The central business district is generally understood to cover the northern half of the "Downtown Loop"-- the area bordered by Cesar Chavez to the south. Due to the size of the city and its horizontal development, downtown accounts for less than one half of one percent of San Antonio's geographic area.
North Central
North Central is home to several enclaves and upscale neighborhoods including Castle Hills, Hollywood Park, Elm Creek, Inwood, and Rogers Ranch. The area is also the location of upper-middle-class neighborhoods (Deerfield, Churchill Estates, Hunter's Creek, Oak Meadow, and Summerfield).
Northwest Side
Northwest Side is the location of the main campus of the University of Texas at San Antonio, the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, and the Northwest Campus of the University of the Incarnate Word, which includes the Rosenberg School of Optometry. The Medical Center District is also located in Northwest Side. Companies with headquarters in the area include Valero and NuStar Energy.
South Side
The South Side area of San Antonio is characterized for its predominantly Latino and Hispanic neighborhoods, an average above 81 percent. Large growth came to South Side when Toyota constructed a manufacturing plant. Palo Alto College and the Texas A&M University-San Antonio are located in the area.
East Side
East Side San Antonio is home to the San Antonio Stock Show & Rodeo, the AT&T Center, and the Freeman Coliseum. The area has the largest concentration of Black and African American residents.
Sports
Other websites
1718 establishments
18th-century establishments in Mexico
County seats in Texas
Lead azide

Lead azide, also known as lead(II) azide, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Pb(N3)2. It contains lead and azide ions. It contains lead in its +2 oxidation state.
Lead azide is an explosive. Most other azides just burn rapidly. It is used as a detonator to detonate other explosives. It is made by reacting lead(II) nitrate and sodium azide. It can be destroyed by sodium dichromate. It can react with other metals such as copper to make even more sensitive azide explosives. It does not become less of an explosive when wet. It will explode if it is dropped .
Related pages
Lead(II) oxide
Sodium amide
Lead compounds
Nitrogen compounds
Explosives
Dusk

Dusk occurs at the darkest stage of twilight, or at the very end of astronomical twilight after sunset and just before nightfall. At predusk, during early to intermediate stages of twilight, enough light in the sky under clear conditions may occur to read outdoors without artificial illumination; however, at the end of civil twilight (when Earth rotates to a point at which the center of the Sun's disk is 6deg below the local horizon), such lighting is required to read outside.
Parts of a day
Hôtel Ritz Paris

The Hotel Ritz is a grand hotel in the heart of Paris in the Place Vendome. The hotel is ranked highly among the most prestigious and luxurious hotels in the world and is a member of "The Leading Hotels of the World".
The hotel has 159 rooms. It was founded by the Swiss hotelier, Cesar Ritz, in collaboration with the chef Auguste Escoffier in 1898. The new hotel was constructed behind the facade of a Town house from the 18th-century. It overlooks one of the central squares in Paris.
It was one of the first hotels in Europe to provide a bathroom en suite, a telephone and electricity for each room. It established a reputation for luxury. The clients have included royalty, politicians, writers, film stars and singers. Several of its suites are named in honour of famous guests of the hotel, for example Coco Chanel and Ernest Hemingway who lived at the hotel for years. One of the bars of the hotel, Bar Hemingway, is devoted to Hemingway.
The Ritz has the reputation of being the most expensive hotel in Paris. The rooms as of May 2011 started at EUR850 a night. Suites start at EUR3,600 and cost up to EUR13,900 a night for the most expensive ones (the Suite Imperiale is the most expensive). The Ritz employs more than 600 people.
L'Espadon is a world-renowned restaurant. It attracts aspiring chefs from all over the world who come to learn at the nearby Ritz-Escoffier School. The cuisine is run by the award-winning chef Michel Roth, the ninth head chef of the hotel. The restaurant was awarded a second star by the 2009 edition of the influential Michelin Red Guide.
During the Second World War, the German Luftwaffe used the hotel as local headquarters in Paris. The son of Cesar Ritz, Charles, died in 1976. The last members of the Ritz family who owned the hotel sold it to the Egyptian businessman Mohamed Al-Fayed in 1979. In August 1997, Diana, Princess of Wales and Al-Fayed's son, Dodi, dined in the hotel's Imperial Suite before their fatal car crash.
The hotel is being entirely renovated. It has been closed since 1 August 2012 and will open its doors in March 2016, after a delay of nearly two years. Because of its status as a symbol of high society and luxury, the hotel has featured in many novels (for example F. Scott Fitzgerald's Tender Is The Night and Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises),
a play (Noel Coward's Semi-Monde), and films (such as Billy Wilder's 1957 comedy Love in the Afternoon and William Wyler's 1966 comedy How to Steal a Million).
References
Ritz
Buildings and structures in Paris
Simpsonville, Kentucky

Simpsonville is a city of Kentucky in the United States.
Cities in Kentucky
Woodward County, Oklahoma

Woodward County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 18,486 people lived there. Its county seat is Woodward.
Geography
The county has a total area of 1,246 square miles.
Oklahoma counties
19th-century establishments in Indian Territory
Abdelouahed Belkeziz

Abdelouahed Belkeziz, (; ; 5 July 1939 - 19 October 2021) was a Moroccan lawyer, politician, and diplomat. He was the eighth Secretary-General of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) from 2001 to 2004.
Belkeziz died in Rabat, Morocco on 19 October 2021 at the age of 82.
References
1939 births
2021 deaths
Moroccan politicians
Lawyers
Ambassadors
Autonomous Region of Bougainville

Bougainville ( ; Tok Pisin: Bogenvil ), officially the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, is an autonomous region in Papua New Guinea. The largest island is Bougainville Island, while the region also includes Buka Island and a number of outlying islands and atolls.
The interim capital is Buka.
In 2011, the region had an estimated population of 250,000 people.
In late 2019, an independence referendum was held with 98.31% voting for independence rather than continued autonomy within Papua New Guinea.
References
Autonomous areas
Geography of Papua New Guinea
1921 Toronto municipal election

Municipal elections were held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on January 1, 1921. Mayor Tommy Church was elected to his seventh term as Mayor of Toronto in a row - something that had never happened before.
Toronto mayor
Church had first been elected mayor in 1915 and had been re-elected every year since then. He was opposed by Sam McBride, who had also challenged Church for the mayoralty in 1920.
Results
Tommy Church - 35,959
Sam McBride - 19,966
Board of Control
Two sitting members of the Board of Control were defeated: J. George Ramsden and R.H. Cameron.
Results
Charles A. Maguire (incumbent) - 34,141
Wesley Hiltz - 22,615
Joseph Gibbons (incumbent) - 18,612
A.R. Nesbitt - 19,202
William D. Robbins - 18,015
R.H. Cameron (incumbent) - 17,872
J. George Ramsden (incumbent) - 17,393
Herbert Henry Ball - 16,911
City council
Ward 1 (Riverdale)
Richard Honeyford (incumbent) - 3,637
F.M. Johnson (incumbent) - 3,829
A.H. Wagstaff - 2,807
W.A. Summerville - 2,447
W.J. Story - 1,106
A.J. Stubbings - 944
J.E. Barnett - 872
W.J. Carmichael - 275
T. Rennick - 257
W.S.B. Armstrong - 195
Ward 2 (Cabbagetown and Rosedale)
John Winnett (incumbent) - 3,436
Charles A. Risk (incumbent) - 3,086
J.R. Beamish (incumbent) - 2,836
J.M. Day - 1,402
Frederick Hogg - 1,190
W.J. Street - 966
Andrew Ruppert - 535
K. Frawley - 494
Ward 3 (Central Business District and The Ward)
Alfred Burgess (incumbent) - 2,685
George Rose - 1,867
Constance Hamilton (incumbent) - 1,815
F.W. Johnston (incumbent) - 1,614
C.A. Reed - 1,608
Aubrey Bond - 1,604
Andrew Carrick - 1,182
Robert Morse - 211
Ward 4 (Kensington Market and Garment District)
John Cowan (incumbent) - 2,698
Ethel Small - 2,616
Joseph Singer (incumbent) - 2,413
A.G. McIntyre - 2,063
C.W. Mogridge - 811
Lewis LeGrow - 431
Ward 5 (Trinity-Bellwoods)
Clifford Blackburn (incumbent) - 4,699
James Phinnemore (incumbent) - 4,103
A.E. Hacker - 3,619
W.R. Plewman (incumbent) - 3,448
R.H. Palmer - 1,040
J.J. Hubbard - 1,033
A. Plenty - 818
Ward 6 (Davenport and Parkdale)
George Birdsall (incumbent) - 7,289
D.C. MacGregor (incumbent) - 6,919
Brook Sykes (incumbent) - 6,581
Earl Hodgson - 1,900
Hattie Stevens - 1,706
R.J. Bradfield - 1,456
R.J. Kirk - 1,305
Ward 7 (West Toronto Junction)
Samuel Ryding (incumbent) - 2,257
Frank Whetter (incumbent) - 2,130
H.M Davy - 1,894
A. Chisholm - 1,418
James Simpson - 1,142
Ward 8 (East Toronto)
Frederick Baker (incumbent) - 3,069
George Cruise - 2,745
Frances Maxwell (incumbent) - 2,499
W.H. Ford - 1,673
H. Ingram - 960
Hector Demers - 931
F.P. England - 608
Results taken from the January 2, 1921 Toronto Daily Star and might not exactly match final tallies.
References
Election Coverage. Toronto Star. January 2, 1921
1921 in North America
1921
1920s in Ontario
Crimes of Passion (Pat Benatar album)

Crimes of Passion is the second album by Pat Benatar and was released 5 August, 1980 through Chrysalis Records. It went to number 2 in the United States and Canada.
Track listing
References
1980 albums
Pat Benatar albums
Valmiera

Valmiera (; ) is a town in Latvia with town rights since 1323, it is the largest city of the historical Vidzeme region, Latvia, with a total area of . It is the center of the Valmiera District. As of 2002, Valmiera had a population of 27,323, and in 2008 - 27,569.
It lies at the crossroads of several important roads, to the north-east from Riga, the capital of Latvia, and south of the border with Estonia. Valmiera lies on both banks of the Gauja River.
International relations
Twin towns -- sister cities
Valmiera is twinned with:
Other websites
Towns in Latvia
1323 establishments
14th-century establishments in Latvia
1320s establishments in Europe
Grandview, Missouri

Grandview is a city in Jackson County, Missouri in the United States.
Cities in Missouri
Samuel W. Kinnaird

Samuel W. Kinnaird (May 2, 1840 - April 20, 1923) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War. He was a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor. He got it for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay.
Kinnaird's Background
He was born on May 2, 1840, in New York City. Kinnaird was still living in the state of New York when he joined the Navy. He served during the Civil War as a landsman on the . At the Battle of Mobile Bay on August 5, 1864, Lackawanna engaged the . They fought at close range and Kinnaird displayed "presence of mind and cheerfulness" which helped maintain his shipmates' morale. For this action, he was presented the Medal of Honor four months later on December 31, 1864.
Citation
Kinnaird's official Medal of Honor citation reads:
Served as a landsman on board the U.S.S. Lackawanna during successful attacks against Fort Morgan, rebel gunboats and the ram Tennessee in Mobile Bay, 5 August 1864. Showing a presence of mind and cheerfulness that had much to do with maintaining the crew's morale, Kinnaird served gallantly through the action which resulted in the capture of the prize rebel ram Tennessee and in the destruction of batteries at Fort Morgan.
Kinnaird died on April 20, 1923. He was 82 and was buried in the New York City neighborhood of Woodside, Queens.
References
Other websites
1840 births
1923 deaths
Military personnel of the American Civil War
United States Navy Medal of Honor recipients
Military people from New York (state)
Växjö HF

Vaxjo HF is a handball club in Vaxjo i nSweden. The club was established 1972 out of Vaxjo BK. The men's team played three seasons in the Swedish top division during the early 1990s.
The men's junior team won the Swedish national championship in the year 2000. In 2003, the girls' team won the Swedish national championship. It is the mother club of Swedish player Jonas Kallman.
References
Other websites
official website
Handball clubs in Sweden
Vaxjo
1972 establishments in Sweden
K's Choice

K's Choice is a Belgian rock band from Antwerp. They formed in the mid-1990s. The band's core members are siblings Sarah Bettens (lead vocals, guitar) and Gert Bettens (guitar, keyboard, vocals). They are joined by Eric Grossman (bass), Thomas Vanelslander (lead guitar), Reinout Swinnen (keys) and Koen Liekens (drums). The band has made gold and platinum albums.
Discography
The Great Subconscious Club (1994)
Paradise in Me (1996)
Cocoon Crash (1998)
Almost Happy (2000)
Echo Mountain (2010)
Little Echoes (2011)
1990s music groups
Rock bands
Belgian musical groups
Antwerp
Musical groups established in 1994
1994 establishments in Europe
1990s establishments in Belgium
Musical groups disestablished in 2003
2003 disestablishments in Europe
Musical groups established in 2009
2009 establishments in Europe
Hornbill

The hornbills (Bucerotidae) are a family of bird found in tropical and subtropical Africa, Asia and Melanesia. They have a long, down-curved bill which is often brightly colored and sometimes has a box-like thing on the upper mandible. Many states of India like Kerala are fond of the hornbills. It is also the state bird of Kerala.
The female hornbill lays her eggs in a hole in a tree. Then, helped by her mate, she seals herself in, covering the entrance with droppings and mud. Only a small slit is left, through which the male gives her food. This keeps the nest safe from snakes until the chicks are grown enough to leave the nest, and learn how to fly.
Related pages
Uchek Langmeidong
References
Bucerotiformes
Angrboða

In Norse mythology, Angrboda (Old Norse "the one who brings grief" or "she-who-offers-sorrow") is a giantess. She is the wife of Loki and mother of the serpent Jormungandr, the wolf Fenrir and the goddess Hel.
Norse mythology
Nicholas D'Agosto

Nicholas D'Agosto (born April 17, 1980) is an American actor. He is known for being the lead of Final Destination 5. He starred in the Showtime series Masters of Sex and the Fox series Gotham.
References
1980 births
Living people
American movie actors
American television actors
American stage actors
American voice actors
Actors from Omaha, Nebraska
Le Portel

Le Portel is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Nidal Malik Hasan

Nidal Malik Hasan (born September 8, 1970) is a former United States Army Major and psychiatrist. On 5 November 2009 he entered the Soldier's Readiness Center at Fort Hood, Texas. He fired approximately 100 rounds at soldiers in the center. Hasan admitted to the shootings at his court-martial in August 2013. The jury convicted him of 45 counts (crimes) of premeditated murder and attempted premeditated murder. One count each for the 13 unarmed soldiers he killed and one count for each of the 32 people he shot at. On 28 August 2013 the same military court sentenced Hasan to death. He is in prison at the United States Disciplinary Barracks at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Hasan is awaiting execution while his case is reviewed by appellate courts.
Hasan was born in Arlington County, Virginia. His Palestinian parents immigrated to the United States. The shooting was believed to have been bought on by his Islamic religious radicalism. Before the shooting, he communicated with the late American-Yemeni Islamic militant, Anwar al-Awlaki.
References
Other websites
1970 births
Living people
American people convicted of murder
American Muslims
American people convicted of attempted murder
American prisoners sentenced to death
Arab people
Majors
Military people from Virginia
American psychiatrists
Icosagon

An icosagon is a shape with 20 sides and 20 corners. It has interior angles of 162 and exterior angles of 18.
Regular icosagon
The regular icosagon has Schlafli symbol {20}, and can also be constructed as a truncated decagon, t{10}, or a twice-truncated pentagon, tt{5}.
Area
The amount of space a regular icosagon takes up is
a is the length of one of its sides.
Uses
The Big Wheel on the popular US game show The Price Is Right has an icosagonal cross-section.
The Globe, the outdoor theater used by William Shakespeare's acting company, was discovered to have been built on an icosagonal foundation when a partial excavation was done in 1989.
As a golygonal path, the swastika is considered to be an irregular icosagon.
A regular square, pentagon, and icosagon can completely fill a plane vertex.
Dissection
Coxeter states that every parallel-sided 2m-gon can be divided into m(m-1)/2 rhombs. For the icosagon, m=10, and it can be divided into 45: 5 squares and 4 sets of 10 rhombs. This decomposition is based on a Petrie polygon projection of a 10-cube, with 45 of 11520 faces. The list A006245 enumerates the number of solutions as 18,410,581,880, including up to 20-fold rotations and chiral forms in reflection.
References
Naming Polygons and Polyhedra
icosagon
20
Mailly-Raineval

Mailly-Raineval is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
Dog Blood

Dog Blood is a deep house duo formed in 2012 by record producers Skrillex and Boys Noize. They are signed to Big Beat Records and the members' record labels.
Musical duos
Musical groups established in 2012
2010s music groups
Wii Sports Resort

Wii Sports Resort is a sports video game for the Wii. It is a sequel to Wii Sports and was released in Summer 2009. The game comes bundled with the Wii MotionPlus device, which is required to play the game, and another Wii Remote Jacket. Both of these are also sold separately. The game is set in a beach resort called Wuhu Island.
Gameplay
Wii Sports Resort is a collection of different sports games. There are twelve different sports. Two sports, Golf and Bowling, were also in Wii Sports.
Wii Sports Resort is played similarly to Wii Sports. Players use the Wii Remote to do different things, such as swinging a sword or throwing a basketball. The game uses the Wii MotionPlus to make these movements more accurate. Up to 4 people can play at the same time, but some sports (like Swordplay) only let 1 or 2 people play at the same time.
List of sports
Swordplay
Wakeboarding
Frisbee
Archery
Basketball
Table Tennis
Golf
Bowling
Power Cruising
Canoeing
Cycling
Air Sports
Notes
2009 video games
Wii games
Sports video games
Cuscatlán Department

Cuscatlan is a department of El Salvador. The capital city is Cojutepeque.
With a surface area of , it is El Salvador's smallest department. It was created on 22 May 1835.
Municipalities
Candelaria
Cojutepeque
El Carmen
El Rosario
Monte San Juan
Oratorio de Concepcion
San Bartolome Perulapia
San Cristobal
San Jose Guayabal
San Pedro Perulapan
San Rafael Cedros
San Ramon
Santa Cruz Analquito
Santa Cruz Michapa
Suchitoto
Tenancingo
Departments of El Salvador
19th-century establishments in El Salvador
1830s establishments in North America
1835 establishments
Scheden

Scheden is a village in the district of Gottingen, Lower Saxony, Germany.
References
Basque Pelota

Basque pelota is the name for several sports played with a ball using one's hand, a racket, a wooden bat or a basket, against a wall or with two teams face to face separated by a line on the ground or a net. It is mostly played in Spain and France, especially in the Basque Country. The sport is also played in Latin American countries like Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Cuba and some parts of the United States.
The International Federation of Basque Pelota has made rules for the 14 different sorts of pelota. Two are for both women and men, and 12 just for men.
People bet on the results of the games.
The players are called pelotari.
References
Sports
Don Siegel

Donald Siegel (October 26, 1912 - April 20, 1991) was an American film, television director and producer.
He directed the science fiction horror film Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956). He directed five films with Clint Eastwood, including the police thriller Dirty Harry (1971) and the prison drama Escape from Alcatraz (1979). He also directed John Wayne's last film, the Western The Shootist (1976).
References
1912 births
1991 deaths
American movie directors
American television directors
American movie producers
American television producers
Cinderella (1947 movie)

Cinderella () is a 1947 Soviet movie directed by Nadezhda Kosheverova and Mikhail Shapiro. It stars Yanina Zhejmo, Aleksey Konsovsky, and Erast Garin.
Actors
Yanina Zhejmo as Cinderella
Aleksey Konsovsky as Prince
Erast Garin as King
Faina Ranevskaya as Cinderella's stepmother
Yelena Yunger as Anna, 1st daughter
Tamara Sezenyovskaya Marijana, 2nd daughter
References
Other websites
Russian comedy movies
Russian fantasy movies
1947 musical movies
1947 comedy movies
1940s fantasy movies
1940s family movies
Movies directed by Nadezhda Kosheverova
Soviet musical movies
Soviet comedy movies
Soviet fantasy movies
Audincthun

Audincthun is a commune. It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France.
Communes in Pas-de-Calais
Design Museum Holon

Design Museum Holon is the first museum of design in Israel. It was opened in 2010. The museum is in Holon.
Other websites
Design Museum Holon
Museums in Israel
2010 establishments in Asia
2010s establishments in Israel
2010 in Israel
Deir ez-Zor Governorate

Deir ez-Zor Governorate ( ) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. Its capital is Deir ez-Zor. Its population mainly consists of Arabs and Kurds.
Governorates of Syria
Zürich S-Bahn

Zurich S-Bahn (German S-Bahn Zurich) is a suburban rail system that links Zurich to its metropolitan area. The system started in 1990, when it was the first suburban rail system to begin operating in Switzerland.
Mid 2008, there were 380 kilometres of railway track, 171 stations and 28 lines. In 2007, about 355'653 passengers used the system every day.
Each line generally has two trains an hour.
Since 2002, there are also 7 lines that run at night during weekends, in the nights Friday-Saturday, and Saturday-Sunday. Usually, there is one train per hour. Some lines only have one train every two hours. There are also some bus lines. Usually, traveling with these night lines requires an extra fare, which has to be bought in addition to the normal ticket.
Between 75 and 80 million people use the system every year. About 70% of the people living in the area use the system. Plans include gradually introducing 4 trains per hour on most lines, and to extend the offer to 4 trains per hour between Zurich and Winterthur during the whole day, and not just during rush hour. A new tunnel was built in Zurich main station. This tunnel allows a direct connection from Zurich main station to Oerlikon and the airport, without a change of direction.
References
Rapid transit systems
Zurich
Transport in Switzerland
Organizations based in Switzerland
Clackmannanshire

Clackmannanshire is a county and a council area in Scotland. It lies north of the River Forth, between Perthshire to the north and Fife to the south.
Clackmannanshire is the smallest county in the United Kingdom. The second smallest, Kinross-shire, lies next to it.
Some villages/places in the county: Clackmannan, Alloa, Dollar, Tillicoultry, Tullibody
Scottish Council Areas
Counties of Scotland
British shires
Albert I of Belgium

Albert I (April 8, 1875 - February 17, 1934) reigned as King of the Belgians from 1909 to 1934. This was an eventful period in the history of Belgium. It included the period of World War I (1914-1918).
References
1875 births
1934 deaths
Accidental deaths
Kings and Queens of Belgium
Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath