pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Darth Revan

Darth Revan is a fictional character from the Star Wars universe and Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic.
Revan was a Jedi Knight and general who turned to the dark side in the Mandalorian Wars. After the death of Mandalore the Ultimate, Revan claimed the title of "Dark Lord of the Sith". He then founded a powerful new Sith Empire, and declared war on the Republic and the Jedi themselves. After defeating almost all of the Republic territories, Revan was captured by the Jedi due to the betrayal of his apprentice Darth Malak. He almost died (a small spark of the Force kept him alive) and was brought to the Council to have his mind replaced by a new identity that was loyal to the Republic. Even after discovering his former identity, he rejected the dark side. Revan ended the war he had begun by killing Malak. After the Jedi Civil War, Revan was given back his rank as Jedi Knight at age 26.
He was the lover of Bastila Shan. A year later, all his memories returned. He later left to the Unknown Regions to face this new threat known as the "True Sith".
Star Wars characters
Video game characters
Gęsianka

Gesianka is a village in the district of Gmina Dobre, which is in Minsk County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It is about southwest of Dobre, north of Minsk Mazowiecki, and east of Warsaw.
References
Villages in Poland
Intellectual

An intellectual is a person who uses his or her intellect and critical thinking skills to work, study, reflect, or ask and answer questions about a wide variety of different ideas. Intellectuals are often times authors, artists, writers for newspapers, and college professors.
There are some people who do not like intellectuals because they are not traditional or practical. This is called "anti-intellectualism".
Other websites
Intellectual checklist
Academia
Thought
Intelligence
June Foray

June Foray (born June Lucille Forer; September 18, 1917 - July 26, 2017) was an American television, stage, radio, movie, and voice actress. She was mostly known for making the voice of Rocky the Flying Squirrel and Granny in all of the Looney Tunes shows or movies.
Foray has also made the voice of Cindy Lou Who, Jokey Smurf, Lucifer the cat, and Witch Hazel. She received a Daytime Emmy Award and an Annie Award. She has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for her voice work.
Foray was born in Springfield, Massachusetts on September 18, 1917. She was educated at the Classical High School. She was married to Hobart Donovan from 1954 until his death in 1976. They had no children.
Foray helped create the Best Animated Feature category of the Academy Awards.
On July 26, 2017, Foray died at a hospital in Los Angeles, California of cardiac arrest. She was 99 years old.
References
Other websites
1917 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from cardiac arrest
American voice actors
American television actors
American movie actors
American stage actors
American radio actors
Emmy Award winning actors
Actors from Massachusetts
People from Springfield, Massachusetts
Annie Award winners
Jan Fontijn

Johannes Henricus Antonius "Jan" Fontijn (9 February 1936 - 6 January 2022) was a Dutch linguist and Dutch literary historian. He was known for a large number of biographical studies of Dutch writers, including Frederik van Eeden and Jacob Israel de Haan. He was a critic for multiple newspapers.
Fontijn was married to the writer Charlotte Mutsaers. He died in Amsterdam on 6 January 2022, at the age of 85.
References
Linguists
Dutch historians
Dutch essayists
Literary critics
1936 births
2022 deaths
People from Amsterdam
Beyoncé (album)

Beyonce is the self-titled fifth album by Beyonce. It was released on iTunes on December 13, 2013.
The release of the album made the iTunes website stop working. This happened because there were so many people on the website at once for the album. Timbaland, Justin Timberlake, and Pharrell Williams are producers of songs on the album. The album got good reviews. "XO" was released as the first single from the album. On December 21, 2013 the album will be released on CD and DVD in the United States. Billboard chose the album as the best of 2013.
Songs
Beyonce starts with "Pretty Hurts". The third track "Drunk in Love" was released as one of the album's two lead singles. Jay-Z, Knowles' husband, raps in it. The song is about how much Knowles likes having sex with Jay-Z. "Partition" is about having sex in a limousine. In "Mine", Drake raps. The song "Superpower" has Frank Ocean singing in it. "XO" was released as a lead single to the album.
Feminism
The album has a feminist theme. "Flawless", the eleventh song on the album, samples "Why We Should All Be Feminists", a TED talk by the Nigerian writer Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. In New Statesman Laurie Penny described "Blow" as being about how Knowles likes being given cunnilingus. She compared it to Prince. In the song "Drunk in Love" Jay-Z raps about domestic violence. The lyric was criticized for making violence against women seem like a good thing.
Sales
The album sold 80,000 copies in the first three hours after it was released. In slightly under a day it sold 430,000 copies. In its first three days the album sold 828,773 copies. It sold over a million copies in less than a week. The album sold more quickly than any other album on iTunes ever. It went straight to number one in the Billboard 200. This made it her fifth number one album. It also entered the Canadian Albums Chart at number one. and the UK Albums Chart at number five
Track listing
References
2013 albums
Beyonce albums
Electronica albums
Hip hop albums
R&B albums
Columbia Records albums
Lawton, Iowa

Lawton is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Bhaderwah

Bhaderwah () is a town and a notified area committee in Doda District in the Indian-occupied state of Maqbuza Kashmir, Kashmir region. Bhaderwah valley is mostly a mountainous town that is 80 km from Batote.
Towns in Jammu and Kashmir
Jane Freeman

Jane Freeman (born 15 March 1921) is a Welsh actress. She is best known for her role as Ivy on British television series Last of the Summer Wine.
References
Other websites
1921 births
Living people
Welsh movie actors
Welsh television actors
JAR (file format)

Java ARchive (JAR) is a file format created by the Oracle Corporation that is based on the ZIP file format. The primary motivation for the creation of JAR was to allow Java applets and their files to download using a single HTTP connection instead of a new connection for each piece. This allows webpages to load faster and the applet can begin functioning.
Usage
JAR files use the file extension .jar and the MIME media type application/java-archive. JAR files are packaged with the ZIP file format, and they are used for data compression, archiving, decompression, and archive unpacking.
References
Computer file formats
Marot jar

A marot jar is a special kind of syphon or siphon device invented some time during the 1700s. The device is filled up water and lets it out in a special way so that the speed and amount of water that comes out is always the same, even if the jar is completely full or almost empty.
In the diagram (see right), an air-tight jar contains some water (blue) and some air (yellow). The green pipe is started as a siphon so that water starts flowing out of the pipe. Because the pipe lets out water, the pressure on the inside of the jar is less than the pressure outside, so it causes air to be sucked in through the orange pipe. Because the pressure is going to tend to being the same inside and outside of the jar, the water is going to flow out of the pipe at the same speed and amount.
Containers
Fluid mechanics
Tony Dow

Tony Lee Dow (April 13, 1945 - July 27, 2022) was an American actor, director, and movie producer. He played Wally Cleaver in the sitcom television series Leave It to Beaver from 1957 to 1963. He played the same role again in The New Leave It to Beaver from 1983 to 1989. He also directed several episodes of Babylon 5. Dow was born in Hollywood, California.
In May 2022, Dow was diagnosed with liver cancer. On July 26, 2022, it was reported that Dow was in his "final moments" under hospice care in Topanga, California. He died from the disease on July 27, 2022 at his home in Topanga, California at the age of 77.
References
Other websites
Tony Dow's Sculpture Website
1945 births
2022 deaths
Actors from Hollywood
American sculptors
American child actors
American movie actors
American television actors
American television directors
American television writers
Artists from Los Angeles
Deaths from liver cancer
Movie producers from Los Angeles
Writers from Los Angeles
Torre Santa Susanna

Torre Santa Susanna is a comune in the Province of Brindisi in the Italian region of Apulia.
References
Settlements in Apulia
Keith Barron

Keith Barron (8 August 1934 - 15 November 2017) was an English actor. He appeared in many movie roles and on television from 1961 until 2015. His television roles included the police drama The Odd Man, the sitcom Duty Free and Gregory Wilmot in Upstairs, Downstairs. He was born in Mexborough, South Yorkshire, England.
Barron died on 15 November 2017 at the age of 83.
References
Other websites
1934 births
2017 deaths
English movie actors
English television actors
English stage actors
English radio actors
Actors from Yorkshire
Gilgit-Baltistan United Movement

The Gilgit-Baltistan United Movement (GBUM) is a political movement of Gilgit Baltistan based in Skardu. It demands a fully autonomous state consisting of Gilgit Agency and Baltistan. The GBUM states that it should be given the status of an "Independent Constitutional Assembly" and given similar rights granted to the existing Azad Kashmir Legislative Assembly.
References
Political parties in Kashmir
Trachycephalus mambaiensis

Trachycephalus mambaiensis is a species of frog that lives in Brazil.
References
Frogs of South America
Laurence Street

Commodore Sir Laurence Whistler Street, AC, KCMG, KStJ, QC (3 July 1926 - 21 June 2018) was an Australian jurist. He was born in Sydney. He served as the fourteenth and second youngest Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales from 1974 to 1988 and Lieutenant-Governor of New South Wales from 1974 to 1989.
Street died on the night of 21 June 2018 in Sydney at the age of 91.
References
Other websites
[https://web.archive.org/web/20061019203411/http://www.laurencestreet.com.au/bio.htm Biography from official website
1926 births
2018 deaths
Australian judges
Politicians from Sydney
Pieter Huistra

Pieter Huistra (born 18 January 1967) is a Dutch football manager and former football player. He has played for Netherlands national team.
Club career statistics
|-
|1984/85||rowspan="2"|Groningen||rowspan="2"|Eredivisie||10||1||||||||||10||1
|-
|1985/86||7||0||||||||||7||0
|-
|1986/87||Veendam||Eredivisie||33||5||||||||||33||5
|-
|1987/88||rowspan="3"|Twente||rowspan="3"|Eredivisie||34||8||||||||||34||8
|-
|1988/89||34||6||||||||||34||6
|-
|1989/90||25||3||||||||||25||3
|-
|1990/91||rowspan="5"|Rangers||rowspan="5"|Premier Division||27||4||||||||||27||4
|-
|1991/92||32||5||||||||||32||5
|-
|1992/93||30||4||||||||||30||4
|-
|1993/94||21||6||||||||||21||6
|-
|1994/95||15||3||||||||||15||3
|-
|1995||rowspan="2"|Sanfrecce Hiroshima||rowspan="2"|J. League 1||35||6||5||2||colspan="2"|-||40||8
|-
|1996||28||7||0||0||14||5||42||12
|-
|1996/97||Groningen||Eredivisie||9||2||||||||||9||2
|-
|1997/98||rowspan="3"|Lierse||rowspan="3"|First Division||32||11||||||||||32||11
|-
|1998/99||22||0||||||||||22||0
|-
|1999/00||0||0||||||||||0||0
|-
|2000/01||Roosendaal||Eredivisie||0||0||||||||||0||0
152||25||||||||||152||25
125||22||||||||||125||22
63||13||5||2||14||5||82||20
54||11||||||||||54||11
394||71||5||2||14||5||413||78
|}
International career statistics
|-
|1988||1||0
|-
|1989||4||0
|-
|1990||0||0
|-
|1991||3||0
|-
!Total||8||0
|}
References
1967 births
Living people
Dutch football managers
Dutch footballers
Sportspeople from Friesland
Jong Ajax managers
James W. Montgomery

James Winchester Montgomery (May 29, 1921 - October 23, 2019) was an American bishop. He was the ninth bishop of Chicago in The Episcopal Church. He was born in Chicago.
Montgomery died on October 23, 2019 in Naperville, Illinois at the age of 98.
References
1921 births
2019 deaths
Episcopalian bishops
People from Chicago
People from Naperville, Illinois
Innamaadhoo (Raa Atoll)

Innamaadhoo (Dhivehi: 'i'namaadhoo)
This island is an inhabited island in Raa atoll. Like other islands, this island is made out of sand from corals.
People
The inhabitants are Maldivians and they speak their language, Dhivehi.
Economy
The economy of Innamaadhoo is built on carpentry. So, when you look at the whole country, the most carpenting experts are mostly from Innamaadhoo. From very small fishing boats to giant safari boats are built in this island. Even if wheat was grown few decades back, farming is not a very wide field. If we look at fishing, the islanders used to fish a lot in the 90's. So, putting salt on fish was a very wide field. But now, as the field perished, fishermen and fish-sellers are very less. The reason is believed to be because carpentry gives a lot of money (carpentry is a very good money-maker). In the field of tourism, inhabitants aren't directly contributing. It may be because there is no resort nearby. But diving boats, row boats, and ferries, etc. (needed for resorts) are built a lot here.
Geography of the Maldives
Islands of Asia
Katerina Kazelis

Katerina Kazelis (4 March 1977 in Malmo, Sweden) is a Swedish singer and Big Brother 2011 housemate of Serbian and Greek origin. Before entering the Big Brother house on February 20, 2011 she was a school teacher. Kazelis has been nominated each week except for two when she won immunity after winning a Big Brother task, however, she also survived each elimination round since week one in the house. On May 8, Kazelis was evicted from the Big Brother house.
Kazelis has become the most talked about housemate of the 2011 season of the show after several outburst and also her outspoken ways about her fellow housemates.
On June 6, Kazelis released her first music single called "Make You One Of Mine", during Nyhetsmorgon on TV4 the same day Kazelis revealed that a music video had been made and that she will release her debut music album later in 2011.
References
Other websites
Official website
1977 births
Living people
Big Brother contestants
Swedish singers
People from Malmo
Howard J. Rubenstein

Howard J. Rubenstein (February 3, 1932 - December 29, 2020) was an American lawyer and public relations expert. Rudolph Giuliani called him "the dean of damage control". He was known for working with many top New York City officials. His clients included the New York Yankees, News Corporation, Columbia University, the New York Philharmonic, and The Metropolitan Opera.
Rubenstein died on December 29, 2020, at age 88.
References
1932 births
2020 deaths
Lawyers from New York City
Businesspeople from New York City
Callum Saunders

Callum Saunders is a track cyclist from New Zealand. Saunders competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics. He was born on 16 October 1995.
References
Other websites
1995 births
Living people
New Zealand cyclists
New Zealand Olympians
Khulta Kali Khulena

Khulta Kali Khulena (transl. The opening bud did not open) is an Indian Marathi television program.
Cast
Mayuri Deshmukh as Dr.Manasi Shashikant Deshpande
Omprakash Shinde as Dr.Vikrant Vijay Dalvi
Abhidnya Bhave as Monika Vikrant Dalvi / Monika Shashikant Deshpande
Usha Nadkarni as Parvati Sadashiv Dalvi
Savita Prabhune as Alka Vijay Dalvi
Sanjay Mone as Vijay Sadashiv Dalvi
Lokesh Gupte as Mohan Sadashiv Dalvi
Mangesh Salvi replaced Lokesh as Mohan Sadashiv Dalvi
Sharvari Lohokare as Geeta Mohan Dalvi
Sharvani Pillai replaced Sharvari as Geeta Mohan Dalvi
Manasi Magikar as Manasi and Monika's paternal grandmother
Arun Mohare as Manasi and Monika's paternal grandfather
Asha Shelar as Dr.Nirmala Sadashiv Dalvi
Rutuja Dharmadhikari as Richa
Sankarshan Karhade as Salil Pandit
Sunil Godbole as Nanu Aajoba
Sharvari Patankar as Sai
Seema Ghogale as Bakula (Bucks)
Niranjan Namjoshi as Rajan Sawant
Production
It was started from 18 July 2016 by replacing Maze Pati Saubhagyavati.
Special episode (1 hour)
21 August 2016
25 December 2016
Awards
Ratings
References
2016 Indian television series debuts
2017 Indian television series endings
Chandra Bahadur Dangi

Chandra Bahadur Dangi (; 30 November 1939 - 3 September 2015) was a Nepalese farmer and craftsman. He was best known for being the shortest man in recorded history, measuring . Dangi was a primordial dwarf. He broke the record of Gul Mohammed (1957-1997), the shortest adult human whose height was . He was born in Kalimati, Salyan District.
Dangi died from pneumonia on 3 September 2015 in Pago Pago, American Samoa, aged 75.
References
1939 births
2015 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia
Infectious disease deaths in the United States
Nepalese people
People with dwarfism
World record holders
Cisco, Illinois

Cisco is a village in Illinois in the United States.
Villages in Illinois
Neubrandenburg

Neubrandenburg ( or shortened: Bramborg) (New Brandenburg, ) is a city in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. It is in the southeastern part of the state, at the shore of a lake called the Tollensesee.
The city was founded in the year 1248.
Till September 4, 2011 Neubrandenburg was a urban district.
Since March 2015 Silvio Witt is the mayor of Neubrandenburg. He is the succesor of Paul Kruger (CDU).
Neubrandenburg was founded by the knight Herbord von Raven in the year 1248.
References
Other websites
Official site (German, English)
Saveh County

Saveh County (Persian: shhrstn swh) is a county of the Markazi Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Saveh.
Counties of Iran
Markazi Province
Camellia

Camellia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae, native to eastern and southern Asia from the Himalaya east to Japan and Indonesia. Scientists are still discussing how many species there are. The number of species varies between 100 and 250. Linnaeus named the genus inhonour of Fr. Georg Joseph Kamel, a Jesuit botanist. amel brought C. japonica from Manila to Spain.
They are evergreen shrubs and small trees from 2-20 m tall. The leaves are alternately arranged, simple, thick, serrated, usually glossy, and 3-17 cm long. The flowers are large and conspicuous, 1-12 cm diameter, with (in natural conditions) 5-9 petals; colour varies from white to pink and red, and yellow in a few species. The fruit is a dry capsule subdivided into 1-5 compartments, each containing 1-8 seeds.
The genus is generally adapted to acidic soils, and does not grow well on chalk or other calcium-rich soils. Most species also have a high rainfall requirement and will not tolerate drought.
Camellia species are used as food plants by the larvae of a number of butterfly species.
Cultivation and uses
Camellia sinensis is very important commercially since tea is made from its leaves. Tea oil is a sweet seasoning and cooking oil made by pressing the seeds of Camellia sinensis or Camellia oleifera.
Many other camellias are grown as ornamental plants for their flowers; about 3,000 cultivars and hybrids have been selected, many with double flowers, as in the gallery below. Camellia japonica (often simply called Camellia) is the most prominent species in cultivation, with over 2,000 named cultivars; next are C. reticulata, with over 400 named cultivars, and C. sasanqua, with over 300 named cultivars. Popular hybrids include C. x hiemalis (C. japonica x C. sasanqua) and C. x williamsii (C. japonica x C. salouenensis). They are highly valued in Japan and elsewhere for their very early flowering, often among the first flowers to appear in the late winter. Late frosts can damage the flowers.
Camellias have a slow growth rate. Typically they will grow about 30 centimetres a year until mature although this varies depending on variety and location.
Camellia japonica is the state flower of Alabama as well as the city flower of the Chinese municipality Chongqing.
Famous Camellia aficionados
HM The Queen Mother grew Camellia in all of her gardens. As her body was taken from Royal Lodge, Windsor to lie in state at Westminster Hall of the Palace of Westminster, a Camellia from her own gardens was placed on top of the flag draped coffin
Coco Chanel was very well known for wearing a white Camellia
Alexandre Dumas, fils named his most famous novel The Lady of the Camellias (1848) after the significance this plant played in the story.
Ralph Peer, the music industry pioneer often credited as the Father of Country Music, was a former president of the American Camellia Society.
Other websites
The International Camellia Society
The American Camellia Society
North Indian Plain

The Gangetic Plains is the large space of level land that is made by the Ganges River in the northern parts of India and the border surrounding areas of the Himalayas. It is an important part of the countries of India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. Its space of about is the home of about 1 billion persons (about one in every seven persons alive today).
Its western edge is the Thar Desert; its northern edge is the Himalaya Mountains, the highest mountains on Earth; its eastern edge is the Ganges Delta of Bangladesh, the largest River delta in the world; and its southern edge is made by the Vindhya Mountains and Satpura Range and Chota Nagpur Plateau of middle India.
The area has fertile land for agriculture, adequate water supply and favourable climate. It is known as a Cradle of civilization.
Geography of India
Geography of Nepal
Geography of Bangladesh
Plains
Gareth Evans (politician)

Gareth John Evans (born 5 September 1944) is an Australian politician, academic and lawyer. He is a member of the Labor Party. From 1978 to 1996, Evans was a Senator for Victoria.
Evans was Leader of the Government in the Senate from 1993 to 1996. He served as a cabinet minister in the Hawke and Keating governments from 1983 to 1996 as Attorney-General (1983-1984), Minister for Resources and Energy (1984-1987), Minister for Transport and Communications (1987-1988) and most notably as Minister for Foreign Affairs (1988-1996). He was also a member of the House of Representatives for the Division of Holt from 1996 to 1999. He was the deputy leader of the Labor Party and the Opposition from 1998 to 1999.
After leaving politics, Evans was president and chief executive officer of the International Crisis Group from 2000 to 2009. He also served as chancellor of the Australian National University (ANU) from 2010 to 2019.
Evans was born in Melbourne, Victoria. He married Merran in 1969. The couple have two children.
References
Other websites
1944 births
Living people
Attorneys General of Australia
Australian academics
Australian Labor Party politicians
Australian lawyers
Australian ministers for Foreign Affairs
Australian chief executives
Leaders of the Opposition (Australia)
Members of the Australian House of Representatives
Members of the Australian Senate
Order of Australia
Politicians from Victoria (Australia)
Writers from Melbourne
Carl Vinson

Carl Vinson (November 18, 1883 - June 1, 1981) was an American politician. He served as a Representative from Georgia. He was a Democrat. He was the first person to serve for more than 50 years in the United States House of Representatives. He was known as "The Father of the Two-Ocean Navy".
Other websites
University of Georgia brief biography
University of Georgia Profile of Carl Vinson
Congressional Biography
entry in the New Georgia Encyclopedia
United States Navy website: USS CARL VINSON
Mercer University Press, "Carl Vinson Patriarch of the Armed Forces," 2004
Vinson Institute Press, "Carl Vinson: A Legacy of Public Service," 2002
1883 births
1981 deaths
Deans of the United States House of Representatives
United States representatives from Georgia
Democratic Party (United States) politicians
20th-century American politicians
Francesca Sundsten

Francesca Sundsten (1960-Seattle,2019) was an american painter and wife of Bill Rieflin,member of King Crimson.
1960 births
2019 deaths
What You Waiting For?

"What You Waiting For?" is a single by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani. It is from her first solo studio album, Love. Angel. Music. Baby.. It was the first single from the album. It was written by Stefani and Linda Perry.
Track listings
European CD single
"What You Waiting For?" (Album Version) - 3:41
"What You Waiting For?" (Jacques Lu Cont's TWD Mix) - 8:02
European and Australian enhanced CD maxi single
"What You Waiting For?" (Album Version) - 3:41
"What You Waiting For?" (Jacques Lu Cont's TWD Mix) - 8:02
"What You Waiting For?" (Jacques Lu Cont's TWD Dub) - 8:22
"What You Waiting For?" (Music Video) (Director's Cut) - 8:37
European enhanced CD maxi single
"What You Waiting For?" (Album Version) - 3:41
"What You Waiting For?" (Jacques Lu Cont's TWD Mix) - 8:02
"What You Waiting For?" (Instrumental) - 3:41
"What You Waiting For?" (Music Video) (Director's Cut) - 8:37
US 12" single
"What You Waiting For?" (Armand Van Helden Remix) - 8:39
"What You Waiting For?" (The Rude Ho Mix by Felix da Housecat) - 5:07
"What You Waiting For?" (Armand Van Helden Dub) - 7:55
Credits and personnel
Credits adapted from the liner notes of Love. Angel. Music. Baby.
Gwen Stefani - lead vocals, songwriting
Rusty Anderson - additional guitar
Greg Collins - recording
Brian "Big Bass" Gardner - mastering
Rob Haggett - second assistant engineer
Nellee Hooper - production
Sam Littlemore - programming
Kevin Mills - assistant engineering
Mimi (Audia) Parker - backing vocals
Linda Perry - guitar, guitar recording, keyboard recording, keyboards, songwriting
Ian Rossiter - recording
Mark "Spike" Stent - mixing
David Treahearn - assistant engineering
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Decade-end charts
References
2004 songs
Debut singles
Gwen Stefani songs
Pop songs
Dance songs
R&B songs
Western Sahara

Western Sahara (Arabic: lSHr lGrby@; Amazigh: Tanzruft Tutrimt; ) is a territory in north Africa. To the north is Morocco, to the east is Algeria, to the south is Mauritania, and to the west is the Atlantic Ocean. Its surface is . It is one of the most sparsely populated territories in the world. Most of the territory is made of desert flatlands. The largest city is Laayoune. More than half the population live there. The territory has a population estimated at just more than 500,000.
Western Sahara has been on the United Nations list of non-self-governing territories since the 1960s when it was a Spanish colony. The Kingdom of Morocco and the Polisario Front, with its Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) government, both claim control over the territory.
Since 1975, most of the territory has been part of Morocco. In 1973, some Sahrawis claimed the Moroccans and Mauritanians were occupying their land and started a movement. The movement turned violent, and the United Nations brokered a ceasefire in 1991. Many Polisario members and their families became refugees in camps in Algeria. The rest of Western Sahara is controlled by the Polisario/SADR, backed by Algeria. Many important countries have pressed both parties to agree to a peaceful solution. Both Morocco and Polisario have tried to get recognition from other countries. Polisario has won formal recognition for SADR from 81 states, and was extended membership in the African Union, while Morocco has won recognition for its position from the Arab League. In both instances, recognitions have over the past two decades been extended and withdrawn according to changing international trends.
Some countries (such as the United States) recognizes Morocco's sovereignty on Western Sahara, others claim that the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic are the legitimate government in Western Sahara. Most nations remain neutral on the subject. The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic was made by the Polisario Front an armed militia fighting under Sahrawi nationalism.
References
Other websites
Dependent territories
Graf

A graf was a nobleman in the German speaking areas of Central Europe. Graf is about an equal rank to count or earl. A woman having this title or the wife of a graf is called a grafin.
History of Germany
Royalty and nobility
John Thompson (basketball)

John Robert Thompson Jr. (September 2, 1941 - August 30, 2020) was an American college basketball coach, player and sports commentator. He coached for the Georgetown Hoyas between 1972 to 1999.
In 1984, he became the first African-American head coach to win a major collegiate championship. During his basketball playing career, he played for the Boston Celtics. He was born in Washington, D.C..
Thompson was honored into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame on October 1, 1999.
Thompson died on August 30, 2020 in Arlington, Virginia at the age of 78.
References
1941 births
2020 deaths
Boston Celtics players
College basketball coaches
American sports commentators
Sportspeople from Washington, D.C.
Clarmont

Clarmont is a municipality in Morges in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
References
Other websites
Municipalities of Vaud
Henan

Henan is a province of the People's Republic of China. It is in the central eastern part of China. The name Henan means "south of the Yellow River." The capital of Henan is Zhengzhou.
Its major cities are Anyang, Hebi, Jiaozuo, Kaifeng, Luohe, Luoyang, Nanyang, Pingdingshan, Puyang, Sanmenxia, Shangqiu, Xinxiang, Xinyang, Xuchang, Zhengzhou, Zhoukou and Zhumadian.
Henan is now the province of China with the most people.
The abbreviation of Henan is Yu (Yu ) to remember a kingdom from history that was in the area, and also because another province also has "He" (He ) in its name, Hebei (He Bei ).
References
Entten tentten teelikamentten

Entten tentten teelikamentten is an old Finnish nursery rhyme.
Entten tentten teelikamenttenhissun kissun vaapula vissun
eelin keelin klotviipula vaapula vot
Eskon saun piun paun.
Nyt saa lahdet tasta pelista pois, Puh pah pelista pois!
Related pages
Nursery rhyme
References
Further reading
Ikola, Osmo: Entten tentten teelikamentten. Eraan lastenlorun arvoitus. Virittaja 1/2002. Kotikielen Seura. Viitattu 11.12.2011 (pdf at kotikielenseura.fi)
The counting-out rhymes of children: their antiquity, origin, and wide distribution; a study in folk-lore, Henry Carrington Bolton, 1888 (online version at archive.org)
More Counting-out Rhymes, H. Carrington Bolton in The Journal of American Folklore Vol. 10, No. 39 (Oct. - Dec., 1897), pp. 313-321. Published by: American Folklore Society DOI: 10.2307/533282 Stable URL: (online version at JStor)
Gregor, Walter, 1891: Counting-out rhymes of children (online version at archive.org
SKVR XII1 2837. Alatornio''. PLK. A 2212. -15 (online version at SKVR.fi)
European literature
Children's literature
Children's songs
Finnish culture
Ballina, New South Wales

Ballina is a town in New South Wales in Australia.
Other websites
Towns in New South Wales
Goshen County, Wyoming

Goshen County is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2010 census, 13,249 people lived there. Its county seat is Torrington. It is on the eastern border with Nebraska.
Communities
City
Torrington (county seat)
Towns
Fort Laramie
La Grange
Lingle
Yoder
Census-designated places
Hawk Springs
Huntley
Veteran
Unincorporated communities
Jay Em
Rockeagle
References
Other websites
Official county website
1911 establishments in Wyoming
Wyoming counties
Karabulak, Republic of Ingushetia

Karabulak () is a town in the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia. In 2010, 30,961 people lived there.
Cities and towns in Ingushetia
La Celle-Condé

La Celle-Conde is a commune in the Cher department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France. About 195 people lived there in January 2019.
Population
References
Communes in Cher
Billerica, Massachusetts

Billerica is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States.
Towns in Massachusetts
Lakeland Shores, Minnesota

Lakeland Shores is a city in Washington County, Minnesota, United States.
Cities in Minnesota
Madison County, Kentucky

Madison County is a county in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 82,916. Its county seat is Richmond. The county is named for Virginia statesman James Madison, who later became the fourth President of the United States.
In 1785, Madison County was formed from a part of Lincoln County, Virginia.
References
1780s establishments in Virginia
1785 establishments in the United States
Kentucky counties
Samsung Galaxy S III

The Samsung Galaxy S III (or Galaxy S3) is an Android smartphone designed, developed, and marketed by Samsung Electronics. Launched in 2012, it had sold about 70 million units by 2015 with no recalls ever recorded. It is the third smartphone in the Samsung Galaxy S series.
It has additional software features, more hardware, and a redesigned design from its model before, the Samsung Galaxy S II, released the previous year. The "S III" employs an intelligent personal assistant (S Voice), eye-tracking ability, and more storage. Although a wireless charging option was announced, it never came to fruition. However, there are third party kits which add support for Qi wireless charging. Depending on country, the smartphone comes with different processors and RAM capacity, and 4G LTE support. The device was launched with Android 4.0.4 "Ice Cream Sandwich", was updated to Android 4.3 "Jelly Bean", and can be updated to Android 4.4 "KitKat" on variants with 2 GB of RAM. The phone's replacement model, the Samsung Galaxy S4, was announced on 14 March 2013 and was released the following month.
Following an 18-month development phase, Samsung launched the S III on 3 May 2012. The device was released in 28 European and Middle Eastern countries on 29 May 2012, before being progressively released in other major markets in June 2012. Prior to release, 9 million pre-orders were placed by more than 100 carriers globally. The S III was released by approximately 300 carriers in nearly 150 countries at the end of July 2012. More than 20 million units of the S III were sold within the first 100 days of release and more than 50 million until April 2013.
Samsung Galaxy S III was replaced by the Samsung Galaxy S4 in April 2013.
References
Samsung mobile phones
Android smartphones
Amy B. Smith

Amy Smith is an American inventor, educator, and founder of D-Lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Her work focuses on development of appropriate technologies. Appropriate technologies are technologies that use readily available local resources to solve problems in developing countries.
Amy Smith was born in Lexington, Massachusetts, on 4 November 1962.
References
Living people
1962 births
American inventors
Subtraction

Subtraction is the arithmetic operation for finding the difference between two numbers, though it can also be generalized to other mathematical objects such as vectors and matrices. The special names of the numbers in a subtraction expression are, minuend - subtrahend = difference. For example, the expression can be read as "seven minus four equals three," "seven take away four leaves three," or "four from seven leaves three."
If the minuend is less than the subtrahend, the difference will be a negative number. For example, 17 - 25 = -8 . This can be read as "Seventeen minus twenty-five equals negative eight."
Subtraction is how cash registers determine the change a buyer receives, when the buyer pays with more money than the purchase cost.
Properties
Anti-commutativity
Subtraction is anti-commutative, meaning that if swapping the numbers around the minus sign will change the difference:
"a - b b - a"
Non-associativity
Subtraction is non-associative, which comes up when one tries to define repeated subtraction. In general, the expression
"a - b - c"
can be defined to mean either (a - b) - c or a - (b - c), but these two possibilities lead to different answers. To resolve this issue, one must establish an order of operations, with different orders yielding different results.
Predecessor
In the context of integers, subtraction of one also plays a special role: for any integer a, the integer is the largest integer that is smaller than a, also known as the predecessor of a.
Related pages
Addition
Division (mathematics)
Multiplication
Negative number
Order of operations
References
Arithmetics
Eugene Airport

Eugene Airport, also known as Mahlon Sweet Field, is a medium-sized airport in Eugene, Oregon in the United States. It has ten connections to larger airports in the forty-eight states via four airlines.
Allegiant flies to Las Vegas, Oakland, Phoenix, and Los Angeles. Delta Connection flies to Salt Lake City. Horizon Airlines flies to Portland and Seattle, and United Express flies to Portland, Denver and San Francisco.
Airports in the United States
Eugene, Oregon
Buildings and structures in Oregon
Rigside

Rigside is a small village in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, about 5 miles from the town of Lanark, and less than a mile from Douglas Water. It lies on the A70 road to Ayr. Rigside used to be a mining village.
People
Rigside has approximately 800 inhabitants.
Towns in South Lanarkshire
Placy

Placy is a former commune. It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Cesny-les-Sources.
References
Former communes in Calvados
Ufhusen

Ufhusen is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.
References
Municipalities of Lucerne
Charoen Sirivadhanabhakdi

Charoen Sirivadhanabhakdi (; ; ; born 2 May 1944) is a Thai billionaire businessman.
He is the founder of Thai Beverage, the chairman of conglomerate TCC Group and Fraser and Neave, Ltd(F&N). He is now Thailand's largest property developer and landlord of 630,000 rai (100,800 hectares). He also owns 50 hotels in Asia, the US, UK, and Australia, including Plaza Athenee in Manhattan and The Okura Prestige Bangkok.
, Forbes said his net worth at US$10.5 billion.
In 1988, King Bhumibol of Thailand granted the family the name "Sirivadhanabhakdi".
References
1944 births
Living people
Thai businesspeople
Billionaires
People from Bangkok
Mérélessart

Merelessart is a commune. It is in Hauts-de-France in the Somme department in north France.
References
Communes in Somme
1958 FIFA World Cup

The 1958 FIFA World Cup was a football sporting event that was held in Sweden.
Squads
Europe
* Squad
* Squad
* Squad
* Squad
* Squad
* Squad
* Squad
* Squad
* Squad
* Squad
* Squad
* Squad
North and Central America
* Squad
South America
* Squad
* Squad
* Squad
Results
Group stage
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4
Knockout stage
Quarterfinals
France 4-0 Northern Ireland
Brazil 1-0 Wales
West Germany 1-0 Yugoslavia
Sweden 2-0 Soviet Union
Semifinals
Sweden 3-1 West Germany
Brazil 5-2 France
3rd place
France 6-3 West Germany
Final
Brazil 5-2 Sweden
Brazil won the championship.
Goalscorers
13 goals
Just Fontaine
6 goals
Helmut Rahn
Pele
5 goals
Peter McParland
Vava
4 goals
Zdenek Zikan
Lajos Tichy
Kurt Hamrin
Agne Simonsson
3 goals
Todor Veselinovic
Omar Oreste Corbatta
Roger Piantoni
Raymond Kopa
Hans Schafer
2 goals
Florencio Amarilla
Jose Parodi
Juan Bautista Aguero
Jorge Lino Romero
Jose Altafini
Aleksandar Petakovic
Uwe Seeler
Maryan Wisnieski
Derek Kevan
Milan Dvorak
Vaclav Hovorka
Anatoli Ilyin
Ivor Allchurch
Nils Liedholm
1 goal
Lennart Skoglund
Gunnar Gren
Nikita Simonyan
Aleksandr Ivanov
Valentin Ivanov
Tom Finney
Johnny Haynes
Jozsef Bozsik
Karoly Sandor
Jozsef Bencsics
John Charles
Terry Medwin
Cayetano Re
Jean Vincent
Yvon Douis
Jimmy Murray
Jackie Mudie
Bobby Collins
Sammy Baird
Nilton Santos
Didi
Mario Zagallo
Wilbur Cush
Jaime Belmonte
Norberto Menendez
Ludovico Avio
Radivoje Ognjanovic
Zdravko Rajkov
Karl Koller
Alfred Korner
Jiri Feureisl
Hans Cieslarczyk
References
FIFA
|
1958 in Europe
1950s in Sweden
FIFA World Cup tournaments
Football in Sweden
Hamilton, New York

Hamilton is a town in Madison County, New York, United States. The population was 6,690 at the 2010 census. The town is named after American Founding Father Alexander Hamilton.
References
Towns in New York (state)
Rose Nougaret

Rose Nougaret (born 25 April 1902) was a French swimmer from Paris. As a member of Mouettes de Paris she competed in the 1920s and early 1930s.
Nougaret was a member of Dauphins de Cette. She moved in 1923 to Mouettes de Paris where she became a member of the committee in 1924. Later she moved to Cercle des Nageurs de Paris.
Biography
Swimming career
Nougaret started with swimming in 1912. Her earliest main competitions were in the early 1920s. She finished in 1920 10th at the , a main open water race in Paris. In 1921 she finished in this race 14th. In 1922 she became champion of Languedoc in the long distance. At the national championships in 1923 in Arras she finished second in the 400 metre freestyle and third in the 100 metre freestyle.
At the beginning of the 1924, was was ill and cound't train for a while. At the end of June 1924 she competed at the trials in Paris. She was selected for 1924 Summer Olympics for the the 4 x 100 metre relay team. But as the reserve swimmer, she didn't competed at the Games. At national championships in 1925 and 1926 she finished third with her team in the relay event.
At an international competition in Brussels in March 1927 she finished fourth in the 100 metre freestyle. On 7 May 1927 she set a new French record in the 50 metre freestyle at the Hebert swimming pool in Paris with a time of 34.8 seconds. On May 14, she tries to beat her French record but she swam the same time. In June 1927 she became champion of Paris in the 100 metre freestyle event and also in the 400 metre freetyle event. The next month, at the Paris Grand Prix, she won the 100m freestyle event. At the national championships in 1927 she finished third in the 100 metre freestyle event. With her teammates, she finished second the relay.
In 1930 she finished with her team second in the 4 x 100 metre freestyle relay. In 1931 she finished third in the 100 metre freestyle event at the national championships. She was selected to compete at the 1931 European Aquatics Championships in Paris. She competed in the 4 x 100 metre freestyle relay event and finished with the team fourth in the final. Her last achievement was in August 1932, winning with her team the 4 x 100 metre relay event.
Personal life
Nougaret was born on 25 April 1902. She had brothers. She lived in the southern of France in Narbonne or Sete. In 1918 she moved to Paris and lived in the 4th arrondissement of Paris. She married to M. Billeter in 1931. In January 1933 she was in Barcelona with Yvonne Godard and Suzanne Delbort. While going to the theater in a taxi, they had a traffic accident. She was not injured.
References
French swimmers
Sportspeople from Paris
Sportswomen
1902 births
Year of death missing
Latvian lats

The Latvian lats (plural lati) was the currency used in Latvia in 1922--1940 and in 1993--2013.
It is shortened as Ls and was divided into 100 santimi
On 1 January 2014, Latvian lats was replaced by the euro. The lats could be used for two weeks alongside euros after the currency was replaced.
Lats
Former currencies of Europe
1922 establishments in Europe
1920s establishments in Latvia
1940 disestablishments
1940s disestablishments in Europe
1993 establishments in Latvia
2013 disestablishments in Europe
Chavo Guerrero Sr.

Salvador Guerrero III (January 7, 1949 - February 11, 2017) better known as Chavo Guerrero or Chavo Guerrero Sr., and also known during the 21st century as "Chavo Classic", was a professional wrestler. He was born in El Paso, Texas.
He was best known for his work in Universal Wrestling Federation (UWF), American Wrestling Association (AWA) and World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and for being the father of third generation wrestler Chavo Guerrero Jr.. He was the oldest son of Salvador "Gory" Guerrero, and part of the Guerrero wrestling family.
He was the oldest WWE Cruiserweight Champion. On June 15, 2004, he was fired by WWE for no-showing multiple SmackDown! house shows.
On February 11, 2017, Guerrero died of liver cancer in El Paso at the age of 68.
References
1949 births
2017 deaths
Deaths from liver cancer
Cancer deaths in Texas
American wrestlers
Sportspeople from El Paso, Texas
Scottish Tramway and Transport Society

The Scottish Tramway and Transport Society was set up on the 27th June 1951. It was called the "Scottish Tramway Museum Society". It had that name until 1983 when it changed to the current one. It was made by people interested in trams and tramways. They wanted to preserve a Glasgow "Room and Kitchen" type single deck tramcar. There is now one at the Glasgow Museum of Transport.
Light rail in the United Kingdom
Tram transport in the United Kingdom
Organisations based in Scotland
1951 establishments in the United Kingdom
Seine department

Seine was a departement in France. It was created as Paris in 1790, and renamed to Seine in 1795. On the 1st of January 1968 it was abolished, together with the department Seine-et-Oise which surrounded it. The area was distributed into 4 departements, Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, and Val-de-Marne. In 1968, about 5.7 million people lived in the area; about 2.5 million lived in the city of Paris.
Departments of France
1790 establishments
1790s establishments in France
1968 disestablishments
1960s disestablishments in Europe
20th-century disestablishments in France
Tomomi Fujimura

is a former Japanese football player. She played for the Japan national team.
Biography
Fujimura was born in Hyogo Prefecture on May 30, 1978. After graduating from high school, she played for Iga FC Kunoichi (1997-2005) and INAC Kobe Leonessa (2006-2009). She was selected Best Eleven in 2000 season.
On June 15, 1997, when Fujimura was 19 years old, she debuted for the Japan national team against China. She played at the 1999 and 2001 AFC Championship. She played 20 games and scored one goal for Japan until 2002.
Statistics
References
1978 births
Living people
Footballers from Hyogo Prefecture
Japan women's international footballers
Nadeshiko League players
Iga FC Kunoichi Mie players
INAC Kobe Leonessa players
1999 AFC Women's Championship players
2001 AFC Women's Championship players
Montcombroux-les-Mines

Montcombroux-les-Mines is a commune. It is in the Allier department in the center of France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Allier
John Andretti

John Andrew Andretti (March 12, 1963 - January 30, 2020) was an American race car driver. He was born in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. He was the older brother of racer Adam Andretti and the nephew of Indianapolis 500 winner Mario Andretti. He won in CART, IMSA GTP, Rolex Sports Car Series, and NASCAR.
In April 2017, Andretti said that he was diagnosed with stage four colon cancer. He died from the disease in Mooresville, North Carolina on January 30, 2020 at the age of 56.
References
1963 births
2020 deaths
Cancer deaths in North Carolina
Deaths from colorectal cancer
NASCAR drivers
Sportspeople from Pennsylvania
Ancienville

Ancienville is a commune. It is found in the region Picardie in the Aisne department in the north of France.
Communes in Aisne
Peter Schowtka

Peter Georg Schowtka (; 7 January 1945 - 5 August 2022) was a German politician. He was a member of the Landtag of Saxony from 1991 to 2014.
Schowtka died on 5 August 2022 at the age of 77.
References
1945 births
2022 deaths
Politicians from Saxony
German mayors
2015 Chicago mayoral election

An election happened on February 24, 2015 to elect the Mayor of Chicago. The election was non-partisan and no candidate got a majority.
A runoff election happened between the top two finishers (both Democrats) on April 7, 2015, and Rahm Emanuel won the election and stayed as mayor.
Emanuel was in the election, wanting to win a second term. In the first round, Emanuel got 46% of the vote and Democratic Cook County Commissioner Chuy Garcia received 34%. In the runoff, Emanuel got 55.7% of the vote, winning the election. Garcia got 44.3% of the vote.
The runoff was very rare in the history of Chicago's mayoral races.
Candidates
Rahm Emanuel, incumbent mayor
Robert Fioretti, Chicago City Alderman
Chuy Garcia, Cook County Commissioner and former State Senator
Willie Wilson, medical supply company executive
References
2015
2010s in Chicago
2015 elections in North America
2015 in Illinois
February 2015 events
April 2015 events
2010s elections in the United States