pszemraj/simple_wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Ruminant

A ruminant is an ungulate that eats and digests plant-based food such as grass.
Ruminating mammals include cattle, goats, sheep, giraffes, bison, yaks, water buffalo, deer, camels, alpacas, llamas, wildebeest, antelope, pronghorn, and nilgai. All of them are Artiodactyla, cloven-hoofed animals.
The word "ruminant" comes from the Latin word ruminare which means "to chew over again". They have a more complex digestive system than other vegetarians. Digestion of food is always done mainly by microorganisms, and in ruminants it is digested twice.
An example of a grass-eater which is not a ruminant is the horse. Horse excrement leaves the work of digestion half-done. This is very obvious to see in comparison to that of a ruminant.
How rumination works
Rumination works by chewing and swallowing in the normal way to begin with, and then regurgitating the semi-digested cud to re-chew it and to get the most food value out of it.
Rumination makes the half-digested food particles smaller, before they can go through the process of digestion.
Details
The primary difference between a ruminant and non-ruminants (such as people, horses, and pigs) is that ruminants have a four-compartment stomach.
The four parts of the stomach are the rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum. In the first two chambers, the rumen and the reticulum, the food is mixed with saliva and separates into layers of solid and liquid material. Solids clump together to form the cud or bolus.
The cud is then regurgitated (brought up to the mouth) and chewed slowly. Fiber, especially cellulose, is broken down by microbial gut flora (bacteria, archaea, protozoa, and fungi).
Even though the rumen and reticulum have different names, they are the same functional space, as the digesta (food material) can move back and forth between them.
The digesta then passes into the next chamber, the omasum, where water and many of the mineral elements are absorbed into the blood stream.
After this the digesta is moved to the true stomach, the abomasum. Digestion takes place here.
The digesta is finally moved into the small intestine, where nutrients are absorbed. Water is absorbed in the large intestine, leaving the waste.
Almost all the glucose produced by breaking down cellulose is used by microbes in the rumen, and so ruminants get little glucose from the small intestine. Instead, glucose for a ruminants' brain function and lactation, if needed, is made by the liver.
Where ruminants are found
There are 3.5 billion domestic ruminants, with about 95% being cattle, goats and sheep.
There are also about 75 million wild ruminants. They can be found anywhere except for the continents Australia and Antarctica. Most of them are in Europe, Africa and Asia.
References
Ungulates
Chaetognatha

Chaetognatha, commonly known as arrow worms, are a phylum of small predatory marine animals. They are present in huge numbers in plankton worldwide.
About 20% of the known species are benthic and can attach to algae or rocks. They are found in all marine waters from surface tropical waters and shallow tide pools to the deep sea and polar regions. Most chaetognaths are transparent and are torpedo shaped, but some deep-sea species are orange. They range in size from .
Despite the huge numbers, there are only about 120 modern species in 20 genera. Some species are known to use the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin to subdue their prey.
Chaetognaths appear to have originated in the Cambrian Period. Complete body fossils have been described from China, and the Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia.
These animals are usually considered a type of protostome.
References
Minor phyla
Invertebrates
Rim Banna

Rim Banna (; 8 December 1966 - 24 March 2018), was a Palestinian singer, composer, arranger and activist. She was most known for her traditional Palestinian songs and poetry. Banna was born in Nazareth. She was known for her 2005 album The Mirrors of My Soul.
Banna died in Nazareth on 24 March 2018 from breast cancer at the age of 51.
References
2018 deaths
1966 births
Palestinian activists
Singers
20th-century composers
21st-century composers
Palestinian musicians
Toy Story 4

Toy Story 4 (also known as Toy Story 4: Runaway Plaything) is a 2019 American computer-animated comedy adventure movie. It was produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. It is the fourth and final installment of movie in Pixar's Toy Story series, followed by Lightyear in 2022.
Voices
The movie stars the voices of Tom Hanks, Tim Allen, Annie Potts, Tony Hale, Keegan-Michael Key, Jordan Peele, Madeleine McGraw, Christina Hendricks, Keanu Reeves, Ally Maki, Jay Hernandez, Lori Alan, and Joan Cusack, and
Schedule
Toy Story 4 premiered on June 11, 2019 in Los Angeles, California and nationwide on June 21, 2019, in RealD 3D, Dolby Cinema, and IMAX.
Reputation
The movie has made $1 billion worldwide, becoming the sixth highest-grossing movie of 2019. The movie received strong positive reviews despite some action events. In 2020, it won an Academy Award for best animated movie.
References
2019 comedy movies
2010s 3D movies
2010s sequel movies
American buddy comedy movies
American sequel movies
Disney animated movies
Movies composed by Randy Newman
Movies that won the Best Animated Feature Academy Award
Pixar movies
Toy Story
2019 computer-animated movies
Louise Suggs

Mae Louise Suggs (September 7, 1923 - August 6, 2015) was an American professional golfer. She was one of the founders of the LPGA Tour. She was born in Atlanta, Georgia.
Suggs died in Sarasota, Florida at the age of 91.
References
Other websites
Georgia Sports Hall of Fame
Louise Suggs biography at About.com
1923 births
2015 deaths
American golfers
Sportspeople from Atlanta
Anthony Michael Hall

Michael Anthony Hall (born April 14, 1968) is an American actor, movie producer and director. He is known as Anthony Michael Hall. He was in several movies for teens in the 1980s. Hall began his career in commercials and on stage as a child. He first made a movie in 1980. Hall was born in West Roxbury, Boston, Massachusetts and grew up in New York, New York.
He expanded his jobs to abstain from turning out to be pigeonholed as his nerd persona, joining the cast of Saturday Night Live (1985-1986) and featuring in movies, for example, Out of Bounds (1986), Johnny Be Good (1988), Edward Scissorhands (1990) and Six Degrees of Separation (1993). After a progression of minor jobs during the 1990s, he featured as Microsoft's Bill Gates in the 1999 TV film Pirates of Silicon Valley. He had the main job in the USA Network arrangement The Dead Zone from 2002 to 2007. In 2020, he showed up in ABC's The Goldbergs.
Selected filmography
Movies
Television
References
Other websites
1968 births
Living people
Actors from Boston
American movie actors
American television actors
American television producers
Movie producers from Massachusetts
Aldo Tambellini

Aldo Tambellini (April 29, 1930 - November 12, 2020) was an Italian-American artist. He was known for his works on electronic intermedia. He was a painter, sculptor, and poet. Most of his works were known as avant-garde. Tambellini was born in Syracuse, New York.
Tambellini died on November 12, 2020 at a hospital in Cambridge, Massachusetts from surgery-related problems, aged 90.
Related pages
List of Italian painters
References
1930 births
2020 deaths
Italian painters
Italian sculptors
Italian poets
American painters
American sculptors
American poets
Deaths from surgical complications
Writers from New York (state)
People from Syracuse, New York
Simona Mafai De Pasquale

Simona Mafai De Pasquale (5 July 1928 - 16 June 2019) was an Italian politician. She was a member of the Communist Party (PCI). She was elected to the Senate of the Republic in 1976, serving until 1979. She was born in Rome and was the daughter of painters/sculptors Mario and Antonietta Raphael. Mafai De Pasquale was married to Pancrazio De Pasquale, future president of the Sicilian Regional Assembly, until his death in 1992.
Mafai De Pasquale died of a stroke on 16 June 2019 in Palermo. She was 90.
References
1928 births
2019 deaths
Italian communist politicians
Politicians from Rome
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is a personality disorder. People with OCPD are obsessed with rules and order, and can feel worried or angry when things do not seem right. This can lead to routines and rules for ways of doing things, for themselves and the people around them.
Signs of OCPD
People with OCPD pay an unusual amount of attention to details, rules, lists, order, organization, and schedules. It is very hard to get them to change their minds. They are perfectionist and want themselves to always be working and doing it right. Because of this, they are afraid to let other people do things in case they do it wrong.
Some people with OCPD, but not all of them, have a strong need to be clean. Those that do not show this tendency are sometimes good at setting up systems to keep clean, but may not follow through with the need to clean because of other "more important" things. For example, the need to finish a project at work might cause the OCPD person to have a quite unorganized home. But if that same person was suddenly unemployed or finished with other things, they could very well start becoming more concerned about being clean as they have more free time.
OCPD people sometimes do not finish things on time because too much time is used in getting it to be just right. Friends and family are often under serious strain because the OCPD individual must be in charge and the only one who knows what is right. Not being clean or tidy enough is seen by some OCPD individuals as not being perfect enough. They may regularly spend a lot of time putting things in exactly the right place in exactly the right way. OCPD sufferers can be worried about things going wrong in their lives, and hoard money just in case.
For a person with fully developed OCPD, actions and beliefs are either completely right or completely wrong, and they are always right. Because of this, interpersonal relationships are difficult as the person demands too much of their friends, partners, and children. When people do not do what they want, sometimes people with OCPD turn to anger and even violence. They often suffer from depression. This can sometimes be so serious that they might commit suicide. One study suggests that disorders like OCPD can make people more depressed than actually having major depressive disorder.
People with OCPD, when anxious or excited, may have tics, pull faces, or make noises like people with Tourette syndrome, or do and surprising things.
References
Personality disorders
Sabula, Iowa

Sabula is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Parcy-et-Tigny

Parcy-et-Tigny is a commune in the Picardie region, Aisne department in north France.
References
INSEE
Communes in Aisne
Gert Schutte

Gerrit Jan "Gert" Schutte (24 May 1939 - 25 January 2022) was a Dutch politician. In the 1980s and 1990s he was leading the Reformed Political Alliance (Gereformeerd Politiek Verbond - GPV), one of the two forerunners of the ChristianUnion.
After started his career in the civil service at several municipalities, Schutte was a member of the Provincial States of Utrecht from 5 June 1974 to 7 June 1978, and a member of the House of Representatives from 27 May 1981 to 14 February 2001.
Schutte was born in Nieuwpoort. He died on 25 January 2022 in Zeist, aged 82.
References
Parlement.com
1939 births
2022 deaths
Dutch Calvinists
Dutch civil servants
Dutch provincial politicians
Leaders of political parties in the Netherlands
Members of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands
Politicians from South Holland
Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet

The Dassault-Breguet/Dornier Alpha Jet is a French and German training aircraft. Its first flight was in October 1973. It is a twin-turbojet, two-seat aircraft built entirely of metal. It is used by the famous aerobatic team of the Patrouille de France.
French military aircraft
German military aircraft
Samaritan Museum

The Samaritan Museum is an Ethnographic and Archaeological Museum in Mount Gerizim, near Nablus. the museum is explores and presenting the culture of the Samaritans people. The museum is the only museum in the world dedicated to Samaritans and their language. The museum was opened in 1991.
Gallery
Other websites
Museums in Israel
Abrahamic religions
Ethnic groups in Israel
Ethnic groups in the Middle East
Religion in Israel
Samaritans
Kyösti Kallio

Kyosti Kallio (10 April 1873 - 19 December 1940) was the fourth President of Finland.
He was president from 1937 to 1940. He is the only Finnish president who did not have any higher education.
Kallio was born in Ylivieska. He died in Helsinki.
References
Other websites
1873 births
Presidents of Finland
1940 deaths
Memoization

Memoization (or memoisation) is a technique from computer programming to optimize a computer program. Computer programs call functions. Each function calculates a result it will return. Memoization is simple: before the value is returned from the function call, it is stored in a table (or associative array). Like a cache, this array will only be able to store a limited number of results. The function can then be changed so it tries to look up the value of the input in its lookup table. This lookup is much less expensive than doing the calculation again. Also like a cache: the data table will be cleaned periodically, for examples the values that have not been lookued up for a given time are removed.
Although related to caching, memoization refers to a specific case of this optimization, distinguishing it from forms of caching such as buffering or page replacement. In the context of some logic programming languages, memoization is also known as tabling; see also lookup table.
Computer science
List of cities in Turkmenistan

This is a list of the main towns and cities in Turkmenistan. Some might be listed by older, Soviet-era names and spellings.
Abadan
Akdepe
Asgabat - Capital state
Bayramaly
Baherden
Bekibent
Bokurdak
Bygdaili
Burdalyk
Carsanny
Cagyl
Cesme
Darganata
Dasoguz
Davaly
Deverze
Djachev
Ekezhe
Yoloten
Yerbent
Esenguly
Garryqala
Gazandzhyk
Gumdag
Gyshgy
Gyzyletrek
Jasga
Kaka
Karabogazkel
Keneurgench
Kerki
Kunya Urgench
Lekker
Mary
Balkanabat
Ogryda
Repatek
Saragt
Serdar (Gyzylarbat)
Shasenem
Tagtabazar
Tejen
Turkmenabat (formerly Chardzhev)
Turkmenbashi (formerly Krasnovodsk)
Uchadzhy
Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan
The Devil's Advocate (1997 movie)

The Devil's Advocate (marketed as Devil's Advocate) is a 1997 American supernatural horror movie directed by Taylor Hackford, written by Jonathan Lemkin and Tony Gilroy. It starred Keanu Reeves, Al Pacino, and Charlize Theron. It is based on Andrew Neiderman's novel of the same name.
It is about a successful young Floridian lawyer (Reeves) invited to New York City to work for a major firm. As his wife (Theron) becomes haunted by visuals, the lawyer slowly begins to realize the owner of the firm (Pacino) is the Devil.
The movie has a 67% on Rotten Tomatoes.
References
1997 horror movies
American horror movies
Movies based on books
Movies directed by Taylor Hackford
Book club

A book club is a club where people regularly meet to discuss a book that they have read and talk about their opinions, likes, dislikes of the characters and plot. Book clubs meet in private homes, libraries, bookstores, pubs, cafes or restaurants over meals, etc.
Books
Cultural organizations
Nodaway, Iowa

Nodaway is a city in Iowa in the United States.
Cities in Iowa
Maya Ulanovskaya

Maya Ulanovskaya (October 20, 1932 - June 25, 2020) was an American-born Russian-Israeli translator, writer and activist. Along with her husband, Anatoly Yakobson, were key figures in the dissident movement in the USSR. In the 1960s - 1970s, Ulanovskaya worked at the Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences (INION RAN) library in Moscow.
References
1932 births
2020 deaths
American political activists
Writers from Moscow
Writers from New York City
Naturalized citizens of Israel
Educators from New York City
Israeli writers
Israeli academics
Russian translators
Electoral district of Forrestfield

Forrestfield is an electoral district of Western Australia.
Forrestfield is in Perth.
Election results
References
Forrestfield
Mycoplasma genitalium

Mycoplasma genitalium is a small parasitic bacterium which lives on the ciliated epithelial cells of the primate genital and respiratory tracts.
It has one of the smallest known genomes, and is one of the smallest bacteria. Other very small bacteria are the endosymbiont Candidatus Carsonella ruddii, and the recently discovered bacterium Nanoarchaeum. The smallest known free living bacterium is Pelagibacter ubique with 1.3 Mb.
Origin and isolation
Mycoplasma genitalium was originally isolated in 1980 from the urethras of two male humans with non-gonococcal urethritis. Infection by M. genitalium is fairly common, and is transmitted between partners during unprotected sexual intercourse. It can be treated with antibiotics. Much remains to be discovered about its role in sexual disease.
Genome
M. genitalium has 525 genes. There are 482 protein-encoding genes in a circular chromosome of 582,970 base pairs. An initial study of the M. genitalium genome with shotgun sequencing was done by Peterson in 1993. It was then sequenced by Fraser and others. It was found to contain only 470 predicted coding regions, including genes required for DNA replication, transcription and translation, DNA repair, cellular transport, and energy metabolism. It was the second complete bacterial genome ever sequenced, after Haemophilus influenzae.
References
Model organisms
Gram-negative bacteria
Godey's Lady's Book

Godey's Lady's Book was a 19th-century American monthly women's magazine. It began publication in 1830 as The Lady's Book. "Godey's" was added to the title about 1840. It was also known as Godey's Magazine. It was published in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania by Louis Antoine Godey.
In 1836, Godey bought the Boston-based American Ladies' Magazine, and merged it with his own magazine. Sarah Josepha Hale became the literary editor. Contents included recipes, etiquette, health advice, fiction, poetry, fashions, household tips, exercises, moral instruction, etc. The monthly fashion plates were hand-colored by 150 women. Unusual for the times, the magazine's contents were copyrighted.
Subscriptions dropped off during the American Civil War, though the magazine was careful not to mention politics, war, or other divisive or controversial topics. Public interest in the magazine declined after Godey and Hale retired. The magazine was absorbed by Puritan in 1898.
References
Godey's Lady's Book: Publication History
Encyclopaedia Britannica: Godey's Lady's Book
American women's magazines
American monthly magazines
Defunct magazines of the United States
M181 motorway

The M181 is a short motorway in Lincolnshire, England. It links the M180 with Scunthorpe. The road goes in a nearly straight line from the M180 into Scunthorpe. It is about long. It opened in December 1978.
Junctions
References
Motorways in England
Keiser, Arkansas

Keiser is a city in the US state of Arkansas.
Cities in Arkansas
Saeeduzzaman Siddiqui

Saeed Uz Zaman Siddiqui (1 December 1938 - 11 January 2017) (pronunciation 'sa'eed -uz- zam'an'; alternatively Saiduzzaman Siddiqui; was a Pakistani jurist and legislator. He served as the Chief Justice of Pakistan at the Supreme Court of Pakistan from November 11, 2016 until his death in 2017.
He was the Chief Justice of Pakistan when the 1999 military coup d'etat was staged by then-Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee and Chief of Army Staff General Pervez Musharraf.
Siddiqui died at the age of 78 on 11 January 2017 in Karachi.
References
1938 births
2017 deaths
Chief Justices of Pakistan
Edmond Van Moer

Edmond Van Moer was an archer from Belgium. Van Moer competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics and won three gold medals.
References
Other websites
1875 births
Year of death missing
Belgian archers
Belgian Olympic gold medalists
Élie Ducommun

Elie Ducommun (19 February 1833 - 7 December 1906) was a Swiss peace activist. He won the 1902 Nobel Peace Prize, which he shared with Charles Albert Gobat.
Ducommun was born in Geneva Switzerland on December 19, 1833. Ducommun worked as a tutor, language teacher, journalist and a translator for the Swiss federal Chancellery (1869-1873).
In 1867, he helped to found the (League for Peace and Liberty), though he continued working at other positions, including secretary for the Jura-Simplon Steel Company from 1873 to 1891. That year, he was appointed director of the newly formed (International Peace Office), the first non-governmental international peace organization, based in Bern. He refused to accept a salary for the position, stating that he wished to serve in this capacity solely for reasons of idealism.
His keen organizational skills ensured the group's success. He was awarded in the Nobel Peace Prize in 1902 with Charles Albert Gobart. He served as director of the organization until his death.
Ducommun died from respiratory and heart failure on December 7, 1906 in Bern, Switzerland at the age of 73.
References
1833 births
1906 deaths
Swiss activists
Swiss teachers
Nobel Peace Prize winners
Swiss Nobel Prize winners
People from Geneva
Johnny O'Brien

John Thomas O'Brien (born December 11, 1930) is an American backup second baseman and pitcher in Major League Baseball. He played for the Pittsburgh Pirates (1953, 1955-58), St. Louis Cardinals (1958) and Milwaukee Braves (1959). O'Brien batted and threw right-handed.
O'Brien was born in South Amboy, New Jersey. He was raised in Seattle, Washington. He studied at Seattle University.
References
Other websites
Baseball Library
Retrosheet
1930 births
Living people
Milwaukee Braves players
Pittsburgh Pirates players
St. Louis Cardinals players
Sportspeople from New Jersey
Sportspeople from Seattle
Cape Wrath

Cape Wrath is a cape in the Durness parish in Sutherland in the highland council area in northern Scotland. It is the most North-west piece of land on Great Britain. A large part of the cape is owned by the MoD and used as a shooting range.
References
Geography of Scotland
Panjgur

Panjgur () is a small town in Panjgur District, Balochistan province, Pakistan. It is located at 26deg58'0N 64deg5'60E.
References
Tehsils of Balochistan
Lena

Lena or LENA may refer to:
Places
Lena Department, a department of Houet Province in Burkina Faso
Lena, Manitoba, an unincorporated community located in Killarney-Turtle Mountain municipality in Manitoba, Canada
Lena, Norway, a village in Ostre Toten municipality in Innlandet county, Norway
Lena, Asturias, a municipality in the Principality of Asturias, Spain
Russia
Lena, Russia, a list of names of several rural localities in Russia
Lena (river), the easternmost of the three great rivers in Siberia
Lena Cheeks, a stretch of the river Lena with peculiar rock formations in Kirensky District, Irkutsk Oblast, Russia
Lena Pillars, a natural rock formation along the banks of the Lena River in far eastern Siberia
Lena Plateau, a large plateau in Siberia
Lena-Angara Plateau, a large plateau in Siberia
United States
Lena, Illinois, a village in Stephenson County
Lena, Indiana, an unincorporated community in Parke County
Lena, Louisiana, an unincorporated community in Rapides Parish
Lena, Mississippi, a town in Leake County
Lena, Nebraska, an unincorporated community in Arthur County
Lena, Ohio, an unincorporated community in Miami County
Lena, Oregon, an unincorporated community in Morrow County
Lena (town), Wisconsin, a town in Oconto County
Lena, Wisconsin, a village in Oconto County
Lena, South Carolina, an unincorporated community in Hampton County
People
Lena (name), a female given name (includes a list of people and characters with the name)
Other uses
Lena (test image), a standard test image used in digital image processing
Lena massacre, in Russia 1912
Battle of Lena, in Sweden in 1208
Lena (song), a 1982 song by the Belgian band 2 Belgen.
Leading European Newspaper Alliance, set up by seven European newspapers in 2015 to improve journalism in Europe
National Archives of Japan

The , also known by the acronym NAJ, is a Japanese public institution which preserves government documents and historical records.
History
The National Archives Law No. 79 (1999) established NAJ's core function of preserving government documents and records.
Before the creation of the National Archives, there is almost no tradition of preserving "grey-area" records, such as records which show the process which led to the formation of a specific policy.
Independent Administrative Institution
The National Archives became an Independent Administrative Institution on April 1, 2001.
Since 2005, the NAJ website has offered high-resolution images of some of its holdings, including those named as Important Cultural Properties of Japan.
Related pages
List of Independent Administrative Institutes in Japan
National Diet Library
References
Other websites
National Archives of Japan ;
Japan Center for Asian Historical Records
National archives in Asia
Buildings and structures in Tokyo
Independent Administrative Institutions of Japan
John Rutter

John Rutter (born London 24 September 1945) is an English composer and choral conductor. He has composed a lot of church music. Many of his anthems and songs are very popular indeed with church choirs as well as choral societies. He writes in a style that can be enjoyed easily, and at the same time it is excellent music.
Life
Rutter was born in London. He went to school at Highgate School. Another pupil in the school was John Tavener who was also to become a famous composer, although his style of music is very different.
Rutter studied music at Clare College, Cambridge. He became director of music at Clare College in 1975 and made the choir internationally famous.
In 1974, Rutter visited the United States where he conducted his new cantata "Gloria" which became a great favourite. He also conducted his "Eight Childhood Lyrics".
In 1981 Rutter started a choir of his own, the Cambridge Singers. He still conducts them. They have made many recordings. Rutter still lives near Cambridge and spends his time composing and conducting all over the world.
Rutter has been given many honours, including honorary Fellow of Westminster Choir College, Princeton (1980), Fellow of the Guild of Church Musicians (1988). In 1996 the Archbishop of Canterbury gave him the Lambeth Doctorate of Music to celebrate all he has done for church music. He was made a CBE in 2007.
Rutter also works as an arranger and editor. His collection of Carols for Choirs which he prepared together with Sir David Willcocks is extremely widely used in Britain.
Compositions
Rutter's compositions include Christmas carols, anthems and longer choral works such as a Gloria, a Magnificat, and a Requiem.
In 2002 his setting of Psalm 150, written for the Queen's Golden Jubilee, was performed at the thanksgiving service in St Paul's Cathedral, London. He has also written an opera for young people called Bang!. His Mass for Children was first performed in 2003 in the Carnegie Hall, New York.
Most of his songs and anthems were written at first with piano or organ accompaniment, but he has also arranged many of them for orchestral accompaniment as well.
Other websites
Rutter at the Oxford University Press website
1945 births
Living people
20th-century English composers
21st-century English composers
José Ramiro Pellecer Samayoa

Jose Ramiro Pellecer Samayoa (10 October 1929 - 14 March 2022) was a Guatemalan Roman Catholic auxiliary bishop. He became a priest in 1954. He was titular bishop of Teglata in Proconsuan and as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guatemala, Guatemala, from 1968 until his retirement in 2010. He also was apostolic administrator of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Escuintla, Guatemala from 1982 to 1986.
References
1929 births
2022 deaths
Guatemalan Roman Catholic bishops
Monster High

Monster High is an American fashion doll franchise. It was created by Mattel. They launched the brand in July 2010.
The dolls are based on horror movie characters. The initial characters were created by Garrett Sander and his twin brother Darren. Besides the dolls, Monster High includes books, video games, and television specials. Ever After High is a spin-off of Monster High. The Ever After dolls are based on fairy tale characters.
References
2010 establishments in the United States
Dolls
Egil Monn-Iversen

Egil Monn-Iversen (14 April 1928 - 7 July 2017) was a Norwegian composer, pianist and businessman. He was born in Oslo. He was one of the most influential modern composers in Norway. He has had many important roles in Norwegian music, movie, opera, television, comedy and theater.
For some time he had so much influence in Norwegian culture that he got the nickname The Godfather, even though he has always considered himself a down-to-earth musician.
Career
Monn-Iversen owned a movie production company, a record label, and an agency for musical artists. He was the founder of the vocal group The Monn Keys. He was the CEO at the Chat Noir theatre and chairman at The Norwegian Opera and has since the 1960s worked in NRK (Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation) and Det norske teatret (The Norwegian Theatre). He has written scores to over 100 Norwegian movies and TV series.
Personal life and death
Monn-Iversen was married to the Norwegian actor and singer Solvi Wang until her death in 2011.
Monn-Iversen died on 7 July 2017 at the age of 89.
References
Other websites
1928 births
2017 deaths
Norwegian composers
Pianists
Norwegian businesspeople
Musicians from Oslo
Projection (mathematics)

A projection in geometry is something like finding a shadow that an object casts onto another object. When a three-dimensional sphere is projected onto a plane, its projection will either be a circle or an ellipse.
In higher mathematics, projections are more broad. A projection is an idempotent function from a set onto a subset. When a function is idempotent, it means that no matter how many (positive) times one uses the map, it is the same as using the map one time.
Often, projections pick coordinate from elements in a Cartesian product. For example, can denote the map defined by .
Mathematics
Electoral division of Derwent

Derwent is an electoral division of the Tasmanian Legislative Council. It was created in 1871.
Election results
References
Derwent
Puliste

Puliste is a village in Puhalepa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia.
Villages in Hiiu County
Angry Anderson

Gary Stephen "Angry" Anderson AM (born 5 August 1947) is an Australian rock singer, television presenter/reporter and actor. He is best known as the vocalist with the hard rock band Rose Tattoo, and for his composition in the song Suddenly in 1987.
References
1947 births
Living people
Actors from Melbourne
Australian movie actors
Australian rock singers
Australian singer-songwriters
Australian television actors
Australian television presenters
Musicians from Melbourne
Cruachan Power Station

The Cruachan Power Station (also known as the Cruachan Dam) is a pumped-storage hydroelectric power station in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. The turbine hall is located inside Ben Cruachan. Water is pumped between Cruachan Reservoir to Loch Awe, a height difference of . It is one of only four pumped storage power stations in the UK. It is capable of providing a black start capability to the National Grid.
Construction began in 1959 at the same time as the Hunterston A nuclear power station in Ayrshire. It was completed in 1965. Cruachan uses cheap off-peak electricity generated at night to pump water to the higher reservoir. It can then be released during the day to provide power as necessary. The power station is open to visitors. Around 50,000 tourists visit it each year.
References
1965 establishments in the United Kingdom
Dams in Europe
20th-century establishments in Scotland
Argyll and Bute
Raven

A raven is a big black bird, (Corvus corax). It may be called the common raven or the northern raven. It is similar to a crow but bigger. It and the thick-billed raven are the two largest birds in the crow family, and perhaps the heaviest perching birds. The raven's feathers are all black, but a crow has feathers that are white at the bottom. This cannot be seen from a distance.
The most famous raven is in the Edgar Allan Poe story called The Raven.
The common raven can be tamed. Some think it is mischievous and sly, and it has been regarded as a bird of evil and mysterious character.
References
Corvids
National symbols of Bhutan
France Gall

Isabelle Genevieve Marie Anne "France" Gall (9 October 1947 - 7 January 2018) was a French singer. She was born in Paris.
Gall was known for her songs "Laisse tomber les filles", "Poupee de cire, poupee de son", and "Ella, elle l'a". She was a Eurovision Song Contest winner for the 1965 contest. Gall was married to Michel Berger, until his death.
Gall died of an infection complicated from cancer of unknown primary origin at a Paris hospital in Neuilly-sur-Seine on 7 January 2018 at the age of 70.
References
Other websites
Clips from INA archives
Official website managed by WEA Music (offline)
France Gall biography on RFI (offline)
A Tribute to Gainsbourg: France Gall (offline)
French forum of France Gall & Michel Berger
1947 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from cancer of unknown primary origin
Cancer deaths in France
Eurovision Song Contest winners
French pop singers
Infectious disease deaths in France
Singers from Paris
Egon Schiele

Egon Schiele (12 June 1890 - 31 October 1918) (, or SHEE-luh) was a painter from Austria. Some people see his work as expressionist, but also in the art nouveau movement. With Gustav Klimt and Oskar Kokoschka, he was among the most important artists of Wiener Moderne. The most important collection of Schiele's work is in the Leopold Museum in Vienna.
Schiele died of influenza, at only 28 years old of the pandemic known as Spanish flu, which killed between 20 and 100 million people.
Images
Austrian painters
Deaths from influenza
1890 births
1918 deaths
Bent Lorentzen

Bent Lorentzen (11 February 1935 - 3 October 2018) was a Danish composer. He was born in Djursland, Denmark. He was one of the outstanding figures in contemporary Danish music. In 1970, he was awarded the Prix Italia. He was named Choral Composer of the Year in Denmark in 1989.
Lorentzen was one of the earliest composers in the field of Danish electronic music such as The Bottomless Pit in 1972 for the Nordic Music Days in Oslo, and Visions 1978. His last opera Der Steppenwolf was shown in 2016.
Lorentzen died on 3 October 2018 in Copenhagen from lymphoma at the age of 83.
References
Other websites
Article by Anders Beyer about Bent Lorentzen and a list of his works at Edition S
Selection of recordings by Bent Lorentzen at Naxos America
Biography and recordings of Bent Lorentzen by Dacapo Records
1935 births
2018 deaths
Deaths from lymphoma
Danish composers
Tripp County, South Dakota

Tripp County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, 5,624 people lived there. Its county seat is Winner. It was created in 1873.
References
1873 establishments in Dakota Territory
South Dakota counties
AFL Grand Final

The AFL Grand Final is a football match (Australian Rules Football) held between the teams who won in the Preliminary Final the week before. This match normally takes place at the MCG on the last Saturday of September. The winner of this match is crowned as the best team of the season and gets the Premiership Cup.
References
Australian Football League
1898 establishments
Sport in Melbourne
1890s establishments in Australia
September events
Grayeagle

Grayeagle is a 1977 American western movie directed by Charles B. Pierce (who also stars) and stars Ben Johnson, Paul Fix, Iron Eyes Cody, Lana Wood, Jack Elam. It was distributed by American International Pictures.
Other websites
1977 movies
1970s Western (genre) movies
American Western (genre) movies
Prune

Prunes are dried plums. They look like very large raisins, but they are in the genus Prunus.
Most prunes come from California. Prunes can be wrapped in bacon, eaten on their own, or mixed with cereal.
References
Plums
Maharaj Kishan Bhan

Maharaj Kishan Bhan (9 November 1947 - 26 January 2020) was an Indian pediatrician and clinical scientist. He made post doctoral research at All India Institute of Medical Sciences in the areas of diarrheal diseases and child nutrition. He was the president of the Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER).
References
1947 births
2020 deaths
Indian physicians
Medical researchers
Elizabeth Berrington

Elizabeth Ann Berrington (born 3 August 1970) is an English actress and graduate of the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art. She is best known for her roles as Mel Debrou in the ITV satirical comedy-drama series Moving Wallpaper (2008-2009), Ruby Fry in the BBC One school-based drama series Waterloo Road (2009-2011), Paula Kosh in the Sky 1 comedy-drama series Stella (2012-2013, 2015-2017), and Dawn Stevenson in the BBC One drama series The Syndicate (2015). She has also made appearances in various British television series, including The Bill, Doc Martin, Doctor Who, The Office, Casualty, The Lakes, The Grimleys and Rose and Maloney.
Other websites
1970 births
Living people
English television actors
English movie actors
Entertainers from Merseyside
Urban Land Institute

The Urban Land Institute (also called ULI) is a non-profit research organization dedicated to urban planning and urban development. The institute is located in Washington D.C., United States, with branches in London and Hong Kong.
Other websites
Urban Land Institute Official Website
Urban Land magazine
ULI Gerald D. Hines Student Urban Design Competition website
J.C. Nichols Prize website
ULI Advisory Services Program
Urban planning organizations
Non-profit organizations of Washington, D.C.
Tino Insana

Silvio Peter "Tino" Insana (February 15, 1948 - May 31, 2017) was an American actor, producer, writer, singer, voice artist, and comedian, best known for his roles in Barnyard, Back at the Barnyard, Bubble Guppies, Bobby's World, and Spaceballs: The Animated Series.
On May 31, 2017, Insana died of cancer in Los Angeles, California at the age of 69.
Early life
Insana was born Silvio Peter Insana in Chicago, Illinois on February 15, 1948.
Death
On May 31, 2017, Insana died of cancer in Los Angeles, California at the age of 69.
Filmography
References
Other websites
1948 births
2017 deaths
American voice actors
Comedians from Chicago
American movie actors
American television actors
Actors from Chicago
Writers from Chicago
Screenwriters from Chicago
Cancer deaths in Los Angeles
New Territories West (constituency)

New Territories West, or "NT West", means the western part of New Territories in Hong Kong. It includes Tsuen Wan District, Kwai Tsing District, Tuen Mun District, Yuen Long District and Islands District. It is one of the geographical constituencies in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, the largest geographical constituencies in Hong Kong. Although New Territories West is not the official administration name in Hong Kong (while New Territories is the official name), many government departments use it as one of main regions for administration divisions.
Constituencies of Hong Kong
Alexander's Ragtime Band

Alexander's Ragtime Band is a 1938 American musical movie directed by Henry King and was based on the 1911 song of the same name by Irving Berlin. It stars Tyrone Power, Alice Faye, Don Ameche, Ethel Merman, Jack Haley, Helen Westley, John Carradine, Wally Vernon, Ruth Terry, Stanley Andrews and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for 6 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1939.
References
Other websites
1938 movies
1930s musical movies
American musical movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by Henry King
Movies set in San Francisco
Donald E. Stephens Convention Center

The Donald E. Stephens Convention Center, formerly known as the Rosemont Convention Center, is a convention center located in Rosemont, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. It was built in 1975.
The center has exhibition space of and parking available via a Skybridge connected parking garage, which is able to fit 8,000 vehicles.
It is located near O'Hare International Airport, Allstate Arena, Rosemont Theatre, and Fashion Outlets of Chicago. The facility is named after the late mayor of Rosemont, Donald E. Stephens.
References
Buildings and structures in Illinois
1975 establishments in the United States
1970s establishments in Illinois
Sternenberg (movie)

Sternenberg is a 2004 Swiss comedy movie directed by Christoph Schaub. It stars Mathias Gnadinger, Walo Luond and Stephanie Glaser.
Other websites
2004 comedy movies
Swiss comedy movies
Carice van Houten

Carice Anouk van Houten (; born 5 September 1976) is a Dutch actress and singer. She became well known for her role in Black Book (2006).
She was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress for Valkyrie (2008).
Van Houten is also known for her role as Melisandre on the HBO television series Game of Thrones (2012-2019).
References
1976 births
Living people
Dutch movie actors
Dutch television actors
Dutch voice actors
Dutch stage actors
Dutch singers
Myrzageldy Kemel

Myrzageldy Kemel (; ; 15 January 1949 - 18 July 2020) was a Kazakh writer, economist, politician and academic. He was a member of the Supreme Kenges from 1994 to 1995 and a member of the Mazhilis from 1995 to 2004. He published 10 books about spirituality.
Kemel died on 18 July 2020, aged 71.
Related pages
List of scientists from Asia
References
1949 births
2020 deaths
Kazakhstani politicians
Kazakhstani writers
Academics
Economists
Bill Skarsgård

Bill Istvan Gunther Skarsgard (born 9 August 1990) is a Swedish actor. He is known for his roles in Simple Simon, Allegiant, the TV series Hemlock Grove and for his role as the title character in It: Chapter One (2017) and It: Chapter Two (2019).
Early life
Skarsgard was born on 9 August 1990 in Vallingby, Sweden. He is the son of actor Stellan Skarsgard and his first wife, My Sonja Marie Agnes.
It
In June 2016, Skarsgard was cast as popular horror villain Pennywise the Dancing Clown in the 2017 movie It after another actor, Will Poulter, dropped out due to other projects. He is also the role in the sequel It - Chapter Two.
Family
Skarsgard has seven brothers and sisters: Alexander, Gustaf, Sam, Valter, Ossian, Kolbjorn, and Eija. Three of these, Alexander, Gustaf, and Valter, are actors. Ossian and Kolbjorn are half-brothers from a later marriage between Stellan Skarsgard and Megan Everett.
References
Other websites
1990 births
Living people
Swedish movie actors
Swedish television actors
Swedish voice actors
Sándor Szokolay

Sandor Szokolay (30 March 1931 - 8 December 2013) was an Hungarian composer and a professor of the Liszt Ferenc Academy, Budapest.
Szokolay was born on 30 March 1931 in Kunagota, Hungary. He was chairman of the Hungarian Kodaly Society (1978) and the Hungarian Music Camera (1991-92), and he is member of the Hungarian Szechenyi Art Academy (1992). Szokolay died on 8 December 2013 in Sopron from pneumonia, Hungary, aged 82.
References
Other websites
Szokolay Sandor: Sopron years (accessed at the Wayback Machine)
Evangelic Church life
Fidelio
Sopron walker's book
Pearlhymn Vivat Academia 2005.
1931 births
2013 deaths
Hungarian composers
Hungarian academics
Callao

Callao (; or ) is the main seaport of Peru. The city is capital of the Constitutional Province of Callao.
Cities in Peru
Capitals of regions of Peru
Regions of Peru
Federal Ministry of Health (Germany)

The Federal Ministry of Health (BMG) is a Ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany. The ministry's headquarters are still in Bonn and the second office is in Berlin.
History
The Federal Ministry of Health Services () was formed in 1961. Between 1969 and 1991 it was part of the Federal Ministry of Youth, Family, and Health or Youth, Family, Women and Health
It became independent again as the Federal Ministry of Health in 1991. In 2002 it took over control of Social Security, but the in Federal Ministry of Health and Social Security () only lasted for three years. In 2005 it was reduced to just health, and the Social security part of its work went to the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs ()
Ministers
Jobs of the BMG
Some of the jobs of the federal Ministry of Health are:
Keeping efficient the
legal health insurance system
nursing insurance system
Protecting and improving the quality of the health service
Protecting the interests of the patients
Keeping membership rates
Promote good health and prevention, including
:Infection protection law
Other agencies
The BMG oversees:
Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Products ()(BfArM) in Bonn
Federal Centre for Health Education ()(BZgA) in Cologne
German institute for medical documentation and information () (DIMDI) in Cologne
Paul-Ehrlich-Institut (Pei), (Federal Office of Serums and vaccines) ()in Langen (Hesse.)
Robert Koch-Institut (RKI) in Berlin
Other health ministries
The European commission deals with health matters through either the health and consumer protection office or the office for occupation, social matters and equal opportunities
The state health ministries in Germany are often part of the state Department of Social Security. *In Austrian health is part of the Federal Ministry of Health and Women
In Switzerland the health department is part of the Ministry of the Interior in Bern.
References
Other websites
Official website
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry

Antoine Marie Jean-Baptiste Roger, comte de Saint-Exupery, simply known as de Saint-Exupery (, , ; 29 June 1900 - 31 July 1944), was a French writer and pilot. He wrote many stories that became famous, including The Little Prince (original: Le petit prince, 1943), Night Flight (original: Vol de nuit, 1931), and Wind, Sand and Stars (original: Terre des hommes, Land of People, 1939). Saint-Exupery did not return from a reconnaissance flight near Marseille, in 1944.
A fisherman found Saint Exupery's silver bracelet near Marseille, in 1998. Two years later, the motor of the plane was found nearby.
References
1900 births
1944 deaths
Autobiographers
Children's writers
French Air Force
French aviators
French journalists
French novelists
French photographers
French poets
Hugo Award winning writers
Legion of Honour
Military people killed in World War II
Military people missing in action
People from Lyon
The Day of the Locust (movie)

The Day of the Locust is a 1975 American crime drama movie directed by John Schlesinger and was based on the 1939 novel of the same name by Nathanael West. It stars William Atherton, Karen Black, Donald Sutherland, Burgess Meredith, Geraldine Page, Bo Hopkins, Billy Barty, Jackie Earle Haley, Gloria LeRoy, Norman Leavitt, Madge Kennedy and was distributed by Paramount Pictures. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1976.
Other websites
1975 crime drama movies
American crime drama movies
Paramount Pictures movies
Movies directed by John Schlesinger
Movies about actors
Movies about prostitution
Movies set in the 1930s
Retzwiller

Retzwiller is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.
References
Communes in Haut-Rhin
Londa

Londa is a comune in Florence in the Italian region of Tuscany.
References
Settlements in Tuscany
Charles Fried

Charles Fried (born April 15, 1935) is a Czech-born American jurist and lawyer of Jewish descent. He served as United States Solicitor General under President Ronald Reagan from 1985 to 1989. He is a professor at Harvard Law School and has been a visiting professor at Columbia Law School.
Fried is the author of nine books and over 30 journal articles, and his work has appeared in over a dozen collections.
References
1935 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Oxford
American judges
Lawyers from Massachusetts
Columbia University alumni
Czech Jews
Czechoslovak people
Jewish American academics
Jewish American writers
Jewish judges
Jewish lawyers
Naturalized citizens of the United States
Princeton University alumni
Refugees from Nazism
Republicans (United States)
United States Solicitors General
Writers from Massachusetts
Writers from Prague