Information: - The BK virus is a member of the polyomavirus family. Past infection with the BK virus is widespread, but significant consequences of infection are uncommon, with the exception of the immunocompromised and the immunosuppressed. - The JC virus or John Cunningham virus (JCV, not to be confused with Jamestown Canyon virus that bears the same initials) is a type of human polyomavirus (formerly known as papovavirus) and is genetically similar to BK virus and SV40. It was identified by electron microscopy in 1965 by ZuRhein and Chou, and by Silverman and Rubinstein, and later isolated in culture and named using the two initials of a patient, John Cunningham, with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). The virus causes PML and other diseases only in cases of immunodeficiency, as in AIDS or during treatment with drugs intended to induce a state of immunosuppression (e.g. organ transplant patients). - SV40 is an abbreviation for Simian vacuolating virus 40 or Simian virus 40, a polyomavirus that is found in both monkeys and humans. It was named for the effect it produced on infected green monkey cells, which developed an unusual number of vacuoles. Like other polyomaviruses, SV40 is a DNA virus that has the potential to cause tumors in animals, but most often persists as a latent infection. - Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy ( PML ) is a rare and usually fatal viral disease characterized by progressive damage ( - pathy ) or inflammation of the white matter ( leuko - ) of the brain ( - encephalo - ) at multiple locations ( multifocal ) . It is caused by the JC virus , which is normally present and kept under control by the immune system . JC virus is harmless except in cases of weakened immune systems . In general , PML has a mortality rate of 30 -- 50 percent in the first few months and those who survive can be left with varying degrees of neurological disabilities . PML occurs almost exclusively in patients with severe immune deficiency , most commonly among patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome ( AIDS ) , but people on chronic immunosuppressive medications including chemotherapy are also at increased risk of PML , such as patients with transplants , Hodgkin 's Lymphoma , multiple sclerosis , psoriasis and other autoimmune diseases . - Immunodeficiency (or immune deficiency) is a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. Most cases of immunodeficiency are acquired ("secondary") due to extrinsic factors that affect the patient's immune system. Examples of these extrinsic factors include HIV infection, extremes of age, and environmental factors, such as nutrition. In the clinical setting, the immunosuppression by some drugs, such as steroids, can be either an adverse effect or the intended purpose of the treatment. Examples of such use is in organ transplant surgery as an anti-rejection measure and in patients suffering from an overactive immune system, as in autoimmune diseases. Some people are born with intrinsic defects in their immune system, or primary immunodeficiency. A person who has an immunodeficiency of any kind is said to be immunocompromised. An immunocompromised person may be particularly vulnerable to opportunistic infections, in addition to normal infections that could affect everyone. Immunodeficiency also decreases cancer immunosurveillance, in which the immune system scans the body's cells and kills neoplastic ones. Given the information above, choose from the list below the object entity that exhibits the relation 'medical specialty' with the subject 'progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy'. Choices: - infection - infectious disease
infectious disease

Q: Information: - The House of Assembly, or lower house, is one of the two chambers of the Parliament of South Australia. The other is the Legislative Council. It sits in Parliament House in the state capital, Adelaide. The fourth-term South Australian Branch of the Australian Labor Party has been in government since the 2002 election. - Reginald Pole Blundell ( 4 February 1871 -- 9 August 1945 ) was a member of the South Australian House of Assembly from 1907 to 1918 and the Australian House of Representatives from 1919 to 1922 . Blundell was born in the Adelaide suburb of Norwood and educated at Norwood Public School . He married Alice Clara Gates in 1894 . He joined the Tobacco Twisters ' Union and was its secretary for eight years . He became secretary of the United Trades and Labour Council of South Australia and was its president in 1905 . Blundell was elected to the House of Assembly seat of Adelaide at a by - election in 1907 , representing the United Labor Party . At the 1915 election in Crawford Vaughan 's Labor government he became minister of industry , mines and marine . In 1917 , he left the Labor Party due to the split over conscription and joined the National Party and was minister for repatriation , agriculture and industry in Archibald Peake 's government until his defeat at the 1918 election . At the 1919 federal election , he was elected as a Nationalist to the federal seat of Adelaide , but was defeated at the 1922 election . Blundell returned to work for W.D. & H.O. Wills as a commercial traveller . He died of pernicious anaemia in the Adelaide suburb of Glenelg survived by his wife , three daughters and three sons . - The Parliament of South Australia at Parliament House, Adelaide is the bicameral legislature of the Australian state of South Australia. It consists of the 47-seat House of Assembly (lower house) and the 22-seat Legislative Council (upper house). All of the lower house and half of the upper house is filled at each election. It follows a Westminster system of parliamentary government. The fourth-term South Australian Branch of the Australian Labor Party has been in government since the 2002 election. Given the information above, choose from the list below the object entity that exhibits the relation 'member of political party' with the subject 'reginald blundell'. Choices: - australian labor party - labor party
A: australian labor party