Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[Q]: Context: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that maternal asthma symptoms and pulmonary function are related to adverse perinatal outcomes.', 'Asthmatic patients were recruited from the 16 centers of the Maternal Fetal Medicine Units. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second was obtained at enrollment and at monthly study visits, and the frequency of asthma symptoms was assessed from enrollment to delivery. Perinatal data were obtained at postpartum chart reviews.', 'The final cohort included 2123 participants with asthma. After adjustment for demographic characteristics, smoking, acute asthmatic episodes, and oral corticosteroid use, significant relationships were demonstrated between gestational hypertension and preterm birth and lower maternal gestational forced expiratory volume in 1 second. The data did not show any significant independent relationship between asthma symptom frequency and perinatal outcomes.
Answer: Lower pulmonary function during pregnancy is associated with increased gestational hypertension and prematurity in the pregnancies of women with asthma, which may be due to inadequate asthma control or factors that are associated with increased asthma severity.
[A]: Is spirometry related to perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with asthma?

[Q]: Context: A fundamental prerequisite for using degradable synthetic biopolymers as composite skin substitutes is the ability to establish vascular tissue. PEGT/PBT block-copolymer matrices have previously been shown as a favorable dermal substitute. In this study, quantitative data on neovascularization of PEGT/PBT block-copolymer matrices are presented.', 'PEGT/PBT-block-copolymer discs of three different pore diameters (1: < 75 microm, 2: 75-212 microm, 3: 250-300 microm) were implanted into dorsal skinfold chambers of balb/c mice. Histological sections were evaluated 7, 14, and 21 days post implantation by light and scanning electron microscopy. Blood vessel analysis was performed by means of digital image analysis (n = 288) of hematoxylin/eosin stained sections within apical (AOF) and basal (BOF) observation fields of the matrices.', 'Twenty-one days after implantation the density of blood vessels within the BOF of the scaffolds with a pore size of 75-212 and 250-300 microm were 4.6 +/- 0.45 and 5.8 +/- 0.62 (mean +/- S.E.M.; blood vessel profiles (BVF)), respectively. In <75 microm scaffolds, smaller numbers of BVF were found (4.2 +/- 0.39). In contrast, the evaluation within the AOF revealed significantly higher numbers of BVF in 75-212 microm group (3.5 +/- 0.49) and 250-300 microm group (4.5 +/- 0.66) as compared to the < 75 microm group (2.3 +/- 0.48).
Answer: There is evidence that the three-dimensional structure of PEGT/PBT-block-copolymer (pore size structure) influences neovascularization. The porous structures of copolymer matrices with adequate interconnection of pores (pore sizes of 75-212 and 250-300 microm) are characterized by faster ingrowth of vascular tissue.
[A]: Does analysis of neovascularization of PEGT/PBT-copolymer dermis substitute in balb/c-mice?

[Q]: Context: Collagen is the major structural protein of human dentin. Degradation of collagen by bacterial enzymes can facilitate microbial penetration, compromise structural/interfacial integrity, and lower resistance to fracture of dentin. We evaluated the ability of photodynamic therapy (PDT), bioactive chitosan nanoparticles (CSnp), or PDT in combination with CSnp to inhibit bacterial collagenase-mediated degradation of collagen.', 'Rat type 1 fibrillar collagen matrices were untreated or treated with 2.5% glutaraldehyde (GD), 2.5% GD followed by 1% CSnp, 1% CSnp, PDT (rose bengal activated with 540 nm light at 40 J/cm(2)), or 1% CSnp followed by PDT. Samples, except those used as untreated controls, were exposed to Clostridium histolyticum collagenase (125 CDU/mL) for 24 hours. The soluble digestion products were assessed by hydroxyproline assay, and the remaining adherent collagen was quantified by picrosirius red staining. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, immunoblotting, and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the interaction between CSnp/PDT with type 1 collagen. The data were analyzed by 1-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey test.', 'As assessed by hydroxyproline release into the medium, collagen treated with CSnp, PDT, or a combination of CSnp and PDT exhibited less degradation than untreated controls (3.6-fold, 1.7-fold, and 7.9-fold reduction, respectively; P < .05). Compared with all other treatments, GD-treated collagen was the most resistant to collagenolytic degradation (239.6-fold reduction, P < .05). The abundance of post-treatment residual collagen, as measured by picrosirius red staining, was inversely related to the extent of collagen degradation. Analysis of collagen cross-links with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that PDT or GD treatments enhanced collagen cross-linking. Immunoblotting of sedimented CSnp indicated that CSnp and collagenase bound with low affinity. However, CSnp-bound collagenase showed a significant reduction in collagenolytic activity compared with controls (P < .05).
Answer: Combined photochemical cross-linking of rat tail collagen by PDT and binding to CSnp inhibit collagenolytic activity.
[A]:
Do bioactive chitosan nanoparticles and photodynamic therapy inhibit collagen degradation in vitro?