instruction:
Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
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Context: Molecular staging of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) may identify patients who are node-negative by standard microscopic staging but are at increased risk for regional nodal recurrence; such patients may benefit from completion lymph node dissection (CLND).', 'In a multicenter, randomized clinical trial, patients with tumor-negative SLNs by standard pathology (hematoxylin and eosin [H and E] serial sections and immunohistochemistry [IHC]) underwent reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of SLNs for melanoma-specific mRNA. Microscopically negative/PCR+ patients were randomized to observation, CLND, or CLND with high-dose interferon (HDI). For this post-hoc analysis, clinicopathologic features and survival outcomes, including overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS), were compared between PCR+ patients who underwent CLND vs observation. Microscopic and molecular node-negative (PCR-) patients were included for comparison.', 'A total of 556 patients were PCR+: 180 underwent observation, and 376 underwent CLND. An additional 908 PCR- patients were observed. Median follow-up was 72 months. Disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly better for PCR+ patients who underwent CLND compared with observation (p= 0.0218). No statistically significant differences in OS or distant disease-free survival (DDFS) were seen. Regional lymph node recurrence-free survival (LNRFS) was improved in PCR+ patients with CLND compared to observation (p=0.0065). The PCR+ patients in the observation group had the worst DFS; those with CLND had similar DFS to that in the PCR- group (p= 0.9044).
Answer: Patients with microscopically negative/PCR+ SLN have an increased risk of nodal recurrence that was mitigated by CLND. Although CLND did not affect OS, these data suggest that molecular detection of melanoma-specific mRNA in the SLN predicts a greater risk of nodal recurrence and deserves further study.
answer:
Does molecular Staging of Sentinel Lymph Nodes identify Melanoma Patients at Increased Risk of Nodal Recurrence?

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Context: Therapeutic angiogenesis is a promising strategy for treating ischemia. Our previous work showed that endogenous endothelial tissue factor (TF) expression induces intracrine signaling and switches-on angiogenesis in microvascular endothelial cells (mECs). We have hypothesized that activated mECs could exert a further paracrine regulation through the release of TF-rich microvascular endothelial microparticles (mEMPs) and induce neovascularization of ischemic tissues.', 'Here, we describe for the first time that activated mECs are able to induce reparative neovascularization in ischemic zones by releasing TF-rich microparticles. We show in vitro and in vivo that mEMPs released by both wild-type and TF-upregulated-mECs induce angiogenesis and collateral vessel formation, whereas TF-poor mEMPs derived from TF-silenced mECs are not able to trigger angiogenesis. Isolated TF-bearing mEMPs delivered to nonperfused adductor muscles in a murine hindlimb ischemia model enhance collateral flow and capillary formation evidenced by MRI. TF-bearing mEMPs increase angiogenesis operating via paracrine regulation of neighboring endothelial cells, signaling through the 1-integrin pathway Rac1-ERK1/2-ETS1 and triggering CCL2 (chemokine [C-C motif] ligand 2) production to form new and competent mature neovessels.
Answer: These findings demonstrate that TF-rich mEMPs released by microvascular endothelial cells can overcome the consequences of arterial occlusion and tissue ischemia by promoting postischemic neovascularization and tissue reperfusion.
answer:
Do angiogenic microvascular endothelial cells release microparticles rich in tissue factor that promotes postischemic collateral vessel formation?

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Context: Violence and safety exposures, primarily in the form of intimate partner violence (IPV) exposures, have been associated with increased healthcare utilization in women and variable associations with preventive services. It remains unknown, however, if broader measures of violence and safety exposures are associated with preventive healthcare utilization.', 'Data from the 2004 The Philadelphia Health Management Corporation survey were used to compare self-reported utilization of preventive healthcare services for participants who did and did not report exposures to violence or have safety concerns during the past year, using novel but nonvalidated measures of violence and safety concerns. The sample included women aged 18-96 years who reported having a usual source of care. Measures of preventive healthcare utilization included timing of last mammogram, cervical cytology, breast examination, blood cholesterol testing, blood pressure measurement, and screening for colon cancer.', 'The survey had an American Association for Public Opinion Research response rate of 30.4%. Of the 6285 women surveyed who reported having a usual source of care, 456 (7.3%) reported either an exposure to violence or safety concerns, and 5821 did not. Using logistic regression models, women aged 18-65 years who reported safety concerns were less likely to report having cervical cancer testing in the past 12 months (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.49-0.94). Women > or =40 years who reported safety concerns in the last year were less likely to report having clinical breast examinations (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.43-0.93) or mammography (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.39-0.83). Physical violence exposure was not significantly associated with preventive healthcare utilization.
Answer: In this large population-based sample, women with recent self-reported safety concerns report receiving fewer recommended gender-specific preventive services.
answer:
Do women with safety concerns report fewer gender-specific preventive healthcare services?