In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Input: Consider Input: Context: The CARD14 gene encodes a protein that enhances nuclear factor (NF)-B activation and the upregulation of proinflammatory pathway genes. CARD14 is upregulated in psoriatic vs. normal skin, and rare and common CARD14 variants have been associated with the risk of developing psoriasis. Our hypothesis was that CARD14 variants could also influence the response to antitumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapies among patients with psoriasis.', 'To determine whether CARD14 gene variants were linked to a significant positive anti-TNF response in patients with psoriasis.', 'DNA from 116 patients with psoriasis was subjected to next-generation sequencing of the CARD14 gene. All of the patients were nonresponders or had contraindications to conventional systemic treatments.', 'A reduction of at least 75% in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI 75) at week 24 was considered a positive response to treatment. In total 116 patients (79 responders and 37 nonresponders) were next-generation sequenced, and we identified five nucleotide variants that would result in missense amino acid changes. These variants were determined in all of the patients, and allele and genotype frequencies were compared between the two groups. We found a significantly higher frequency of rs11652075 CC (p.Arg820Trp) among the group with a positive response (P = 0.01, odds ratio 3.71, 95% confidence interval 1.30-10.51). Furthermore, among responders, six patients were heterozygous carriers of the rare p.Glu422Lys variant, and two patients were heterozygous for p.Arg682Trp (P = 0.04).\Question: Do common and rare CARD14 gene variants affect the antitumour necrosis factor response among patients with psoriasis?

Output: The common CARD14 p.Arg820Trp variant might have a significant effect on the response to anti-TNF therapies among patients with psoriasis. In addition, rare CARD14 missense variants could also predispose to a better response.

Input: Consider Input: Context: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) allows a detailed "in vivo" macroscopic study of the human brain; previously, it has been demonstrated that Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) sequence shows higher signal intensity of cortices belonging to limbic structures.', 'To measure and compare signal intensities (SI) of cytoarchitectonically different cortical regions.', 'In 22 adult subjects, without psychiatric or neurological diseases, FLAIR sequence was performed in coronal slices, perpendicular to the main hippocampal axis. Signal intensity was measured, with a region-of-interest (ROI) function, in 12 different cortical regions. We compared these values and grouped the cortices into five groups: (1) limbic cortices, (2) paralimbic agranular cortices, (3) paralimbic granular cortices, (4) parietal-type neopallium, (5) frontal-type neopallium. A t-test for comparison of paired samples was performed, considering p</=0.05 as statistically significant.', 'We found statistically significant differences amongst the different groups, with the exception of groups 1 and 2, which did not show differences between them. No statistically significant differences were found among cortices belonging to the same group.\Question: Does magnetic resonance imaging identify cytoarchitectonic subtypes of the normal human cerebral cortex?

Output: Structural characteristics of the cerebral cortex cause changes in its signal intensity. Magnetic resonance imaging (FLAIR sequence) allows discrimination of different cytoarchitectonic areas of the human cerebral cortex.

Input: Consider Input: Context: The aim of this study was to investigate whether fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) could serve as a potential therapeutic target, prognostic biomarker or biomarker predicting radiotherapy sensitivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).', 'FGFR4 immunohistochemistry and FGFR4/CEN5q FISH were performed on tissue microarrays from 212 OSCC and 238 OPSCC patients. FGFR4 genotypes were determined by PCR and DNA sequencing in 76 random OPSCC samples. The response to radiotherapy was evaluated 3 months after the last radiotherapy treatment session by a head and neck radiation oncologist and/or surgeon during clinic visits. The results were correlated to overall survival and response to radiotherapy.', 'The FGFR4 protein was overexpressed in 64% (153/238) of OPSCCs and 41% (87/212) of OSCCs. The FGFR4 gene was amplified in 0.47% (1/212) of OSCCs and 0.42% (1/238) of OPSCCs, and the FGFR4 Gly388Arg polymorphism was detected in 62% (47/76) of OPSCCs. FGFR4 protein expression, FGFR4 gene copy numbers and FGFR4 genotypes were not related to overall survival or response to radiotherapy in OSCC or OPSCC.\Question: Does fGFR4 be a Potential Predictive Biomarker in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma?
Output: FGFR4 is frequently overexpressed in OSCC and OPSCC in the absence of gene amplification, and may serve as a potential predictive marker for FGFR4-directed targeted therapy in OSCC and OPSCC.