input: Please answer the following: Given the following passage "The Alps provide lowland Europe with drinking water, irrigation, and hydroelectric power. Although the area is only about 11 percent of the surface area of Europe, the Alps provide up to 90 percent of water to lowland Europe, particularly to arid areas and during the summer months. Cities such as Milan depend on 80 percent of water from Alpine runoff. Water from the rivers is used in over 500 hydroelectricity power plants, generating as much as 2900 kilowatts of electricity.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: __ has been a central part of agriculture for 5000 years.
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output: irrigation

input: Please answer the following: Given the following passage "By the mid-1870s, most scientists accepted evolution, but relegated natural selection to a minor role as they believed evolution was purposeful and progressive. The range of evolutionary theories during "the eclipse of Darwinism" included forms of "saltationism" in which new species were thought to arise through "jumps" rather than gradual adaptation, forms of orthogenesis claiming that species had an inherent tendency to change in a particular direction, and forms of neo-Lamarckism in which inheritance of acquired characteristics led to progress. The minority view of August Weismann, that natural selection was the only mechanism, was called neo-Darwinism. It was thought that the rediscovery of Mendelian inheritance invalidated Darwin's views.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: What made people believe less in Darwinistic views on evolution?
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output: inheritance

input: Please answer the following: Given the following passage "Television money had also become much more important; the Football League received 6.3 million for a two-year agreement in 1986, but when that deal was renewed in 1988, the price rose to 44 million over four years. The 1988 negotiations were the first signs of a breakaway league; ten clubs threatened to leave and form a "super league", but were eventually persuaded to stay. As stadiums improved and match attendance and revenues rose, the country's top teams again considered leaving the Football League in order to capitalise on the growing influx of money being pumped into the sport.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: Which is greater: the number of years in the 1986 agreement, or the number of clubs threatening to leave?
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output: clubs

input: Please answer the following: Given the following passage "On 25 November at the Korean western front, the PVA 13th Army Group attacked and overran the ROK II Corps at the Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River, and then decimated the US 2nd Infantry Division on the UN forces' right flank. The UN Command retreated; the U.S. Eighth Army's retreat (the longest in US Army history) was made possible because of the Turkish Brigade's successful, but very costly, rear-guard delaying action near Kunuri that slowed the PVA attack for two days (2729 November). On 27 November at the Korean eastern front, a U.S. 7th Infantry Division Regimental Combat Team (3,000 soldiers) and the U.S. 1st Marine Division (12,00015,000 marines) were unprepared for the PVA 9th Army Group's three-pronged encirclement tactics at the Battle of Chosin Reservoir, but they managed to escape under Air Force and X Corps support firealbeit with some 15,000 collective casualties.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: Which battle happened first, the Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River or the Battle of Chosin Reservoir?
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output:
the Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River