Answer the following question given this paragraph: During fetal development, the body is flexed anteriorly into the fetal position, giving the entire vertebral column a single curvature that is concave anteriorly. In the adult, this fetal curvature is retained in two regions of the vertebral column as the thoracic curve, which involves the thoracic vertebrae, and the sacrococcygeal curve, formed by the sacrum and coccyx. Each of these is thus called a primary curve because they are retained from the original fetal curvature of the vertebral column. A secondary curve develops gradually after birth as the child learns to sit upright, stand, and walk. Secondary curves are concave posteriorly, opposite in direction to the original fetal curvature. The cervical curve of the neck region develops as the infant begins to hold their head upright when sitting. Later, as the child begins to stand and then to walk, the lumbar curve of the lower back develops. In adults, the lumbar curve is generally deeper in females. Disorders associated with the curvature of the spine include kyphosis (an excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic region), lordosis (an excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar region), and scoliosis (an abnormal, lateral curvature, accompanied by twisting of the vertebral column). Q: Kyphosis, lordosis, and scoliosis are all diseases involving improper curvature of which bodily structure (which is supposed to be curved in a certain way anyway)? Choices: - lungs - aorta - femur - spine A:
spine
(Question)
Answer the following question given this paragraph: In the reaction above, the zinc is being oxidized by losing electrons. However, there must be another substance present that gains those electrons and in this case that is the sulfur. In other words, the sulfur is causing the zinc to be oxidized. Sulfur is called the oxidizing agent. The zinc causes the sulfur to gain electrons and become reduced and so the zinc is called the reducing agent. The oxidizing agent is a substance that causes oxidation by accepting electrons. The reducing agent is a substance that causes reduction by losing electrons. The simplest way to think of this is that the oxidizing agent is the substance that is reduced, while the reducing agent is the substance that is oxidized. The sample problem below shows how to analyze a redox reaction. Q: What substance causes oxidation by accepting electrons? Choices: - solvents - enzymes - thermal agent - oxidizing agent A:
(Answer)
oxidizing agent
Ques: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Almost 5 million people die each year because of air pollution. In fact, polluted air causes more deaths than traffic accidents. Air pollution harms the respiratory and circulatory systems. Both outdoor and indoor air can be polluted. Q: Nearly how many millions of people die yearly due to air pollution? Choices: - two million - fifty million - eight million - five million A:
Ans: five million
(Q).
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Intraspecific competition occurs between members of the same species. For example, two male deer may compete for mates by clashing their antlers together. Q: What type of competition occurs between members of the same species? Choices: - exospecies - interspecies - interspecific - intraspecific A:
(A).
intraspecific
Ques:Answer the following question given this paragraph: Excavata Many of the protist species classified into the supergroup Excavata are asymmetrical, single-celled organisms with a feeding groove "excavated" from one side. This supergroup includes heterotrophic predators, photosynthetic species, and parasites. Its subgroups are the diplomonads, parabasalids, and euglenozoans. Diplomonads Among the Excavata are the diplomonads, which include the intestinal parasite, Giardia lamblia (Figure 23.10). Until recently, these protists were believed to lack mitochondria. Mitochondrial remnant organelles, called mitosomes, have since been identified in diplomonads, but these mitosomes are essentially nonfunctional. Diplomonads exist in anaerobic environments and use alternative pathways, such as glycolysis, to generate energy. Each diplomonad cell has two identical nuclei and uses several flagella for locomotion. Q: Many of the protist species classified into the supergroup excavata are asymmetrical, single-celled organisms with a feeding groove "excavated" from one side. this supergroup includes heterotrophic predators, photosynthetic species, and these? Choices: - insects - reptiles - mammals - parasites A:

Ans:parasites
Ques: Answer the following question given this paragraph: A kidney stone. The stones can form anywhere in the urinary system. Q: Kidney stones can form anywhere in what system? Choices: - digestive - respiratory - intestinal - urinary A:
Ans:
urinary