instruction:
You are given a paragraph, a question and some answer options (associated with "A", "B", "C", "D", etc.) You need to list all the correct answer options with their associated letters (e.g. "A" can be a valid answer). Note that sometimes, more than one option can answer the question correctly and completely. In those cases, please generate all such options separated by a comma (e.g. "A, B" is a valid answer). Do not generate anything else apart from one or more of the following characters: 'A', 'B, 'C', 'D', etc.
question:
Paragraph- Sent 1: When Alexander destroyed Tyre, most of the towns on the route to Egypt quickly capitulated.
Sent 2: A later tradition recorded his entry into Jerusalem: according to Josephus, Alexander was shown the Book of Daniel's prophecy, presumably chapter 8, which described a mighty Greek king who would conquer the Persian Empire.
Sent 3: He spared Jerusalem and pushed south into Egypt.
Sent 4: However, Alexander met with resistance at Gaza.
Sent 5: The stronghold was heavily fortified and built on a hill, requiring a siege.
Sent 6: When "his engineers pointed out to him that because of the height of the mound it would be impossible... this encouraged Alexander all the more to make the attempt".
Sent 7: After three unsuccessful assaults, the stronghold fell, but not before Alexander had received a serious shoulder wound.
Sent 8: As in Tyre, men of military age were put to the sword and the women and children were sold into slavery.
Sent 9: Alexander advanced on Egypt in later 332 BC, where he was regarded as a liberator.
Sent 10: He was pronounced son of the deity Amun at the Oracle of Siwa Oasis in the Libyan desert.
Sent 11: Henceforth, Alexander often referred to Zeus-Ammon as his true father, and after his death, currency depicted him adorned with rams horn as a symbol of his divinity.
Sent 12: During his stay in Egypt, he founded Alexandria-by-Egypt, which would become the prosperous capital of the Ptolemaic Kingdom after his death.
Question: What part of Egypt did he encounter resistance? (A) Jerusalem (B) Gaza.
answer:
B.

question:
Paragraph- Sent 1: In his 1847 Report on Algeria, Tocqueville declared that Europe should avoid making the same mistake they made with the European colonization of the Americas in order to avoid the bloody consequences.
Sent 2: More particularly he reminds his countrymen of a solemn caution whereby he warns them that if the methods used towards the Algerian people remain unchanged, colonization will end in a blood bath.
Sent 3: Tocqueville includes in his report on Algeria that the fate of their soldiers and finances depended on how the French government treats the various native populations of Algeria, including the various Arab tribes, independent Kabyles living in the Atlas Mountains, and the powerful political leader Abd-el-Kader.
Sent 4: In his various letters and essays on Algeria, Tocqueville discusses contrasting strategies by which a European country can approach imperialism.
Sent 5: In particular, the author differentiates between what he terms 'dominance' and a particular version of 'colonization'.
Sent 6: The latter stresses the obtainment and protection of land and passageways that promise commercial wealth.
Sent 7: In the case of Algeria, the Port of Algiers, and the control over the Strait of Gibraltar, were considered by Tocqueville to be particular valuable.
Sent 8: Direct control of the political operations of the entirety of Algeria, however, was not.
Sent 9: Thus the author stresses domination over only certain points of political influence as a means to colonization of commercially valuable areas.
Sent 10: Tocqueville argued that domination via violent means, though unpleasant, is necessary for colonization and justified by the laws of war.
Sent 11: Such laws are not discussed in detail; however, given that the goal of the French mission in Algeria was to obtain commercial and military interest as opposed to self-defense, it can be deduced that Tocqueville would not concur with Just war theory's jus ad bellum criteria of just cause.
Sent 12: Further, given that Tocqueville approved of the use of force to eliminate civilian housing in enemy territory, his approach does not accord with Just War Theory's jus in bellow criteria of proportionality and discrimination.
Question: In what report did Tocqueville state that if the methods for colonization did not change then colonization of the Algerian people would end in a blood bath? (A) His 1847 report on Europe (B) The European Report (C) His 1847 Report on Algeria.
answer:
C.

question:
Paragraph- Sent 1: Alexis de Tocqueville and Gustave de Beaumont in America: Their Friendship and Their Travels edited by Oliver Zunz, translated by Arthur Goldhammer (University of Virginia Press; 2011) 698 pages; Includes previously unpublished letters, essays, and other writings Du systeme penitentaire aux Etats-Unis et de son application en France (1833) - On the Penitentiary System in the United States and Its Application to France, with Gustave de Beaumont.
Sent 2: De la democratie en Amerique (1835/1840) - Democracy in America.
Sent 3: It was published in two volumes, the first in 1835, the second in 1840.
Sent 4: English language versions: Tocqueville, Democracy in America, trans.
Sent 5: and eds., Harvey C. Mansfield and Delba Winthrop, University of Chicago Press, 2000; Tocqueville, Democracy in America (Arthur Goldhammer, trans.; Olivier Zunz, ed.) (The Library of America, 2004) ISBN 978-1-931082-54-9.
Sent 6: L'Ancien Regime et la Revolution (1856) - The Old Regime and the Revolution.
Sent 7: It is Tocqueville's second most famous work.
Sent 8: Recollections (1893) - This work was a private journal of the Revolution of 1848.
Sent 9: He never intended to publish this during his lifetime; it was published by his wife and his friend Gustave de Beaumont after his death.
Sent 10: Journey to America (1831-1832) - Alexis de Tocqueville's travel diary of his visit to America; translated into English by George Lawrence, edited by J-P Mayer, Yale University Press, 1960; based on vol.
Sent 11: V, 1 of the OEuvres Completes of Tocqueville.
Sent 12: L'Etat social et politique de la France avant et depuis 1789 - Alexis de Tocqueville Memoir On Pauperism: Does public charity produce an idle and dependant class of society?
Sent 13: (1835) originally published by Ivan R. Dee.
Sent 14: Inspired by a trip to England.
Sent 15: One of Tocqueville's more obscure works.
Sent 16: Journeys to England and Ireland 1835.
Question: When was the book published and in how many versions? (A) The first in 1840, the second in 1835 (B) Two volumes, the first in 1835, the second in 1840 (C) Two.
answer:
B.