Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Ex Input:
Anal intraepithelial neoplasia precedes the development of anal squamous cell carcinoma. Detection of the lesion is essential to management. This paper describes a prospective study to detect and ablate anal squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) using white light narrow band imaging (NBI) and NBI with acetic acid (NBIA).', 'Sixty patients with abnormal anal cytology and risk factors for anal dysplasia underwent examination of the anoderm with a high definition gastroscope and NBIA. Targeted biopsies were taken and the lesions were ablated and characterized histopathologically. Visualization of the anal transitional zone was facilitated by retroflexion and examination through a disposable anoscope.', 'Targeted biopsies were taken from lesions in 58 patients. No lesion was seen in two patients. Histopathology showed SIL in 48 (80.0%) of 60 biopsies. One biopsy showed lymphoid aggregates. Biopsies in nine (15%) of the 60 patients showed normal mucosa. Lesions were seen in white light in 27 (45%) of the 60 cases, NBI in 39 (65%) and NBIA in 57 (95%). There was no major morbidity. Sensitivity analysis showed that all methods were significantly different from each other.

Ex Output:
Is detection of anal dysplasia enhanced by narrow band imaging and acetic acid?

Ex Input:
Repeated hypoglycemia is associated with hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure (HAAF), a syndrome of defective counterregulation.', 'HAAF increases the risk of severe hypoglycemia in diabetes, although its mechanism remains unresolved. Because beta-endorphin influences the autonomic response to hypoglycemia via opioid receptor activation, we hypothesized that it is also involved in the pathogenesis of HAAF.', 'We asked whether opioid receptor blockade during antecedent hypoglycemia (60 mg/dl) on d 1 would prevent development of HAAF on d 2 in eight nondiabetic subjects (five males, 3 females; age, 28 +/- 3.5 yr; body mass index, 24.2 +/- 2.1 kg/m(2)). On four occasions, d 1 was: 1) two 90-min hypoglycemic clamps (N-); 2) two 90-min hypoglycemic clamps plus naloxone (N+); 3) two euglycemic 90-min clamps (C); or 4) two euglycemic 90-min clamps plus naloxone (C+).', 'Day 1 hypoglycemia caused marked deterioration of d 2 hormonal responses to hypoglycemia, consistent with HAAF-i.e. decreased plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine, and glucagon compared to control (C) (374 +/- 71 vs. 810 +/- 94, 307 +/- 65 vs. 686 +/- 98, and 71 +/- 9 vs. 93 +/- 4 pg/ml, respectively, P < 0.01), as well as in endogenous glucose production (24 vs. 163%; P < 0.01). In contrast, naloxone on d 1 completely prevented the defective counterregulatory responses; epinephrine, norepinephrine, and glucagon (852 +/- 82, 769 +/- 77, and 98 +/- 7 pg/ml) and endogenous glucose production recovery (167%) were identical to those after d 1 euglycemia (P < NS for all). Infusion of naloxone alone during euglycemia on d 1 (C+) had no effect on d 2 responses.

Ex Output:
Is hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure prevented by opioid receptor blockade?

Ex Input:
To examine whether trichostatin A (TSA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI), can induce up-regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activating receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) and to see whether LG100268, a retinoid X receptor (RXR) ligand, can inhibit proliferation of endometriotic cells alone or in synergy with ciglitazone, a PPAR gamma agonist.', 'One endometrial stromal cell line and two endometriotic cell lines used as a model system: Western blot analysis to determine whether TSA can up-regulate PPAR gamma expression, and MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) proliferation assay to see whether ciglitazone and LG100268 have any antiproliferative effects individually or jointly.', 'Academic.', 'None.', 'Culture of immortalized endometrial and endometriotic cell lines with TSA, or ciglitazone or LG100268.', 'PPAR gamma protein expression levels in cells treated with or without TSA, and number of viable cells treated with or without ciglitazone, LG100268, or both.', 'The TSA treatment resulted in up-regulation of PPAR gamma expression in all cell lines in a dose-dependent fashion. Both ciglitazone and LG100268 inhibited proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, and the antiproliferative effects appeared to be synergistic. In addition, endometriotic cells were more sensitive than endometrial stromal cells to LG100268 treatment.

Ex Output:
Do peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and retinoid X receptor agonists synergistically suppress proliferation of immortalized endometrial stromal cells?