Information: - Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited, degenerative eye disease that causes severe vision impairment due to the progressive degeneration of the rod photoreceptor cells in the retina. This form of retinal dystrophy manifests initial symptoms independent of age; thus, RP diagnosis occurs anywhere from early infancy to late adulthood. Patients in the early stages of RP first notice compromised peripheral and dim light vision due to the decline of the rod photoreceptors. The progressive rod degeneration is later followed by abnormalities in the adjacent retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the deterioration of cone photoreceptor cells. As peripheral vision becomes increasingly compromised, patients experience progressive "tunnel vision" and eventual blindness. Affected individuals may additionally experience defective light-dark adaptations, nyctalopia (night blindness), and the accumulation of bone spicules in the fundus. - Nyctalopia (from Greek -, "nykt-" "night"; , "alaos" "blind, not seeing", and , "ops" "eye"), also called night-blindness, is a condition making it difficult or impossible to see in relatively low light. It is a symptom of several eye diseases. Night blindness may exist from birth, or be caused by injury or malnutrition (for example, a lack of vitamin A). It can be described as insufficient adaptation to darkness. - Richard H. Bernstein ( born November 9 , 1974 ) is an American lawyer and current Michigan Supreme Court Justice , who , until 2014 , was practicing at The Law Offices of Sam Bernstein , located in Farmington Hills , Michigan until his election to the Michigan Supreme Court . He also was an adjunct professor at the University of Michigan and served on the Wayne State University Board of Governors for one eight - year term , including two years as vice chair and two more as chair , until deciding not to seek re-election in 2010 for a second term beginning in 2011 . In November 2014 , Bernstein was elected to serve an 8 - year term on the Michigan Supreme Court . Bernstein has been classified as legally blind since birth , as a result of retinitis pigmentosa . After reading the paragraphs above, we are interested in knowing the entity with which 'richard h. bernstein' exhibits the relationship of 'medical condition'. Find the answer from the choices below. Choices: - blindness - degeneration
blindness

*Question*
Information: - The Shun dynasty ( simplified Chinese : ; traditional Chinese : ; pinyin : Shun chao ) , or Great Shun ( simplified Chinese : ; traditional Chinese : ; pinyin : Da shun ) was a short - lived dynasty created in the Ming - Qing transition from Ming to Qing rule in Chinese history . The dynasty was founded in Xi'an on 8 February 1644 , the first day of the lunar year , by Li Zicheng , the leader of a large peasant rebellion . Li , however , only went by the title of King ( ) , not Emperor ( ) . The capture of Beijing by the Shun forces in April 1644 marked the end of the Ming dynasty , but Li Zicheng failed to solidify his mandate ; in late May 1644 , he was defeated at the Battle of Shanhai Pass by the joint forces of Ming general Wu Sangui and Manchu prince Dorgon . When he fled back to Beijing in early June , Li finally proclaimed himself Emperor of China and left the capital in a hurry . The Shun dynasty ended with Li 's death in 1645 . After the Shun was created , Li Zicheng ordered the soldiers to kill the Ming remnants still existing in Beijing . This resulted in strong rebellions from the forces of the Southern Ming . In addition with the Shun ministers constantly fighting for power , the dynasty effectively lasted less than a year . - Shaanxi, formerly romanized as Shensi, is a province of the People's Republic of China. Officially part of the Northwest China region, it lies in central China, bordering the provinces of Shanxi (NE, E), Henan (E), Hubei (SE), Chongqing (S), Sichuan (SW), Gansu (W), Ningxia (NW), and Inner Mongolia (N). It covers an area of over with about 37 million people. Xi'anwhich includes the sites of the former Chinese capitals Fenghao and Chang'anis the provincial capital. Xianyang, which served as the Qin capital, is located nearby. The other prefecture-level cities into which the province is divided are Ankang, Baoji, Hanzhong, Shangluo, Tongchuan, Weinan, Yan'an and Yulin. - China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia. With a population of over 1.381billion, it is the world's most populous country. The state is governed by the Communist Party of China, and its capital is Beijing. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan. The country's major urban areas include Shanghai, Guangzhou, Beijing, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Tianjin and Hong Kong. China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia, and has been characterized as a potential superpower. - Li Zicheng (22 September 1606 1645), born Li Hongji, nicknamed "Dashing King", was a Chinese rebel leader who overthrew the Ming dynasty in 1644 and ruled over China briefly as the emperor of the short-lived Shun dynasty before his death a year later. - The Ming dynasty was the ruling dynasty of Chinathen known as the for 276 years (13681644) following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming, described by some as "one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history," was the last imperial dynasty in China ruled by ethnic Han Chinese. Although the primary capital of Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng (who established the Shun dynasty, soon replaced by the Manchu-led Qing dynasty), regimes loyal to the Ming throne collectively called the Southern Ming survived until 1683. - Xi'an, formerly romanized as Sian, and also known as Chang'an before the Ming dynasty, is the capital of Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China. It is a sub-provincial city located in the center of the Guanzhong Plain in Northwest China. One of the oldest cities in China, Xi'an is the oldest of the Four Great Ancient Capitals, having held the position under several of the most important dynasties in Chinese history, including Western Zhou, Qin, Western Han, Sui, and Tang. Xi'an is the starting point of the Silk Road and home to the Terracotta Army of Emperor Qin Shi Huang. After reading the paragraphs above, we are interested in knowing the entity with which 'shun dynasty' exhibits the relationship of 'replaced by'. Find the answer from the choices below. Choices: - mongolia - qing dynasty - republic of china - shun dynasty - taiwan
**Answer**
qing dynasty