Information: - Dominions were semi-independent polities under the British Crown, constituting the British Empire, beginning with Canadian Confederation in 1867. They included Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Newfoundland, South Africa, and the Irish Free State, and then from the late 1940s also India, Pakistan, and Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). The Balfour Declaration of 1926 recognised the Dominions as "autonomous Communities within the British Empire", and the 1931 Statute of Westminster granted them full legislative independence. - Hampton Roads is the name of both a body of water in Virginia and the surrounding metropolitan region in Southeastern Virginia and Northeastern North Carolina, United States. Comprising the Virginia BeachNorfolkNewport News, VANC metropolitan area and an extended Combined Statistical Area that includes the Elizabeth City, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area and Kill Devil Hills, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, Hampton Roads is known for its large military presence, ice-free harbor, shipyards, coal piers, and miles of waterfront property and beaches, all of which contribute to the diversity and stability of the region's economy. - State Route 32 ( SR 32 ) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia . The state highway runs 38.89 miles ( 62.59 km ) from the North Carolina state line in Suffolk north to U.S. Route 17 , US 258 , and SR 143 in Newport News . The southernmost part of SR 32 connects Suffolk with the Albemarle Region of North Carolina via North Carolina Highway 32 ( NC 32 ) . The remainder of SR 32 runs concurrently with at least one other state or U.S. Highway between Suffolk and Newport News , including US 13 , SR 10 , US 258 , and US 17 . The last two highways run together with SR 32 on the James River Bridge . - The James River Bridge is a four-lane divided highway lift bridge across the James River in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Owned and operated by the Virginia Department of Transportation, it carries U.S. Route 17 (US17), US258, and State Route 32 across the river near its mouth at Hampton Roads. The bridge connects Newport News on the Virginia Peninsula with Isle of Wight County in the South Hampton Roads region, and is the easternmost such crossing without a tunnel component. - The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) is the agency of state government responsible for transportation in the state of Virginia in the United States. Headquartered at the Virginia Department of Highways Building in Downtown Richmond, VDOT is responsible for building, maintaining, and operating the roads, bridges and tunnels in the commonwealth. It is overseen by the Commonwealth Transportation Board, which has the power to fund airports, seaports, rail and public transportation. - Virginia (, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia) is a state located in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, as well as in the historic Southeast. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" due to its status as the first colonial possession established in mainland British America, and "Mother of Presidents" because eight U.S. presidents were born there, more than any other state. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay, which provide habitat for much of its flora and fauna. The capital of the Commonwealth is Richmond; Virginia Beach is the most populous city, and Fairfax County is the most populous political subdivision. The Commonwealth's estimated population is over 8.3 million, which is slightly less than New York City. Given the information above, choose from the list below the object entity that exhibits the relation 'maintained by' with the subject 'virginia state route 32'. Choices: - free - virginia department of transportation
virginia department of transportation

Question: Information: - Flight Lieutenant (Flt Lt in the RAF and IAF; FLTLT in the RAAF and RNZAFformerly sometimes F/L in all services) is a junior commissioned air force rank that originated in the Royal Naval Air Service and is still used in the Royal Air Force and many other countries, especially in the Commonwealth. It is also sometimes used as the English translation of an equivalent rank in non-English-speaking countries, especially those with an air force-specific rank structure. - The Battle of Britain (German: "die Luftschlacht um England", literally "Air battle for England") was a combat of the Second World War, when the Royal Air Force (RAF) defended the United Kingdom (UK) against the German Air Force (Luftwaffe) attacks from the end of June 1940. It is described as the first major campaign fought entirely by air forces. The British officially recognise its duration as from 10 July until 31 October 1940 that overlaps with the period of large-scale night attacks known as the Blitz, while German historians do not accept this subdivision and regard it as a campaign lasting from July 1940 to June 1941. - Flight Lieutenant Richard Hope Hillary (20 April 1919 8 January 1943) was a Battle of Britain pilot who died during World War II. He is best known for his book "The Last Enemy" (1942), based upon his experiences during the Battle of Britain. - The Luftwaffe was the aerial warfare branch of the combined German Wehrmacht military forces during World War II. Germany's military air arms during the First World War, the "Luftstreitkrafte" of the Army and the "Marine-Fliegerabteilung" of the Navy, had been disbanded in May 1920 as a result of the terms of the Treaty of Versailles which stated that Germany was forbidden to have any air force. - The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's aerial warfare force. Formed towards the end of the First World War on 1 April 1918, it is the oldest independent air force in the world. Following victory over the Central Powers in 1918 the RAF emerged as, at the time, the largest air force in the world. Since its formation, the RAF has taken a significant role in British military history, in particular, playing a large part in the Second World War where it fought its most famous campaign, the Battle of Britain. - Squadron Leader Basil Gerald '' Stapme '' Stapleton DFC ( 12 May 1920 -- 13 April 2010 ) was a RAF officer and fighter ace who flew Spitfires and Typhoons during World War II. He preferred the name Gerald and was nicknamed ' Stapme ' after a phrase used in his favourite cartoon strip Just Jake published in The Daily Mirror . His score of 6 enemy aircraft destroyed , 2 shared destroyed , 8 probably destroyed and 2 damaged , all achieved on Spitfires during the Battle of Britain made him one of the outstanding pilots of that battle and he was revered as one of Richard Hillary 's contemporaries in whose book The Last Enemy , he features . Without doubt he was one of the real ' characters ' to survive the war and to many the quintessential image of a Battle of Britain fighter pilot , complete with handlebar moustache . Given the information above, choose from the list below the object entity that exhibits the relation 'military branch' with the subject 'gerald stapleton'. Choices: - air force - luftstreitkrafte - luftwaffe - navy - royal air force - royal naval air service - wehrmacht
Answer:
royal air force