Problem: Process: - A mine is excavated in the side of a mountain - Miners enter the mine - Miners remove the coal from the mine - The coal is placed into carts or on a conveyor belt - The coal is moved up to the surface - The coal is loaded onto a truck - The truck takes the coal to a power station. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose miners work less happens, how will it affect LESS coal arriving at the power station. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A: yes

Problem: Process: - People breathe and expel carbon dioxide - Engines produce carbon dioxide - Living things produce waste - Waste decomposes - Decomposition produces methane - Water evaporates - Water vapor joins the atmosphere - Carbon dioxide, water vapor and methane are greenhouse gases - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose People switch to electric cars happens, how will it affect LESS greenhouse gases. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A: yes

Problem: Process: - Build a satellite - Attach a rocket - Add rocket fuel - Launch rocket - Satellite goes into orbit. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose their are less satellites being requested happens, how will it affect less rockets will be launched into space. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A: yes

Problem: Process: - Blood enters the kidney - The blood travels into the neophrons - Waste is expelled via the neophrons - The waste goes to the bladder in the form of urine - The clean blood exits the kidneys. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose less oxygen travels in the body happens, how will it affect MORE waste being removed from the body. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A:
no