instruction:
In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
question:
This man had a brother named Johann Michael, who was also a notable composer. This composer's two oratorios are called The Seasons and The Creation. This composer's string quartets are compiled into groups such as "Erdody" and "Sun," and because he wrote many of them, he is often called the "Father of String Quartets." This composer wrote over 100 symphonies, including ones nicknamed "Clock," "Surprise," and "Farewell." For 10 points, name this Austrian composer often called the "Father of the Symphony."
answer:
Fine Arts

question:
Laplaces rule may be used to compute a version of this quantity for its namesake tensor in order to prove the Alon-Tarsi conjecture for Latin squares of even order; that proof uses Cayleys version of this operator. The Cauchy-Binet rule generalizes it to commutative rings, while Leibnizs formula uses permutations of elements to compute it. Setting to zero the result of this operation on lambda I minus A allows us to calculate As eigenvalues. Cramers rule uses ratios of these to solve systems of linear equations. For ten points, name this quantity that is a d minus c b for a 2 by 2 matrix a b c d.
answer:
Science

question:
Justice Thomas referred to this decision in his concurrence Parents v. Seattle, and, as a law clerk, William Rehnquist wrote that this decision was right and should be reaffirmed. Justice David Brewer did not participate in this case, and Albion W. Tourgee served as lead counsel in arguing for the Citizens Committee. In dissenting, Justice John Harlan wrote that the law was color blind and believed that the one-eighth-black man should not have had to move from the Louisiana railroad car. FTP, name this 1896 Supreme Court Case which established separate but equal.
answer:
History