TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: Ostwald ripening is a consequence of this quantity's dependence on particle size. This quantity is plotted against temperature in an Ellingham diagram, and the Margules and van Laar equations relate this quantity to the activity coefficient. Phillips and Williams modified a diagram plotting this quantity over the Faraday constant against the oxidation state, the (*) Frost diagram. The Flory-Huggins interaction parameter appears in a namesake expression giving the "partial molar" value of this quantity, also generally referred to as chemical potential. It is equivalent to the work done under constant pressure and temperature, and this quantity "of formation" is negative for thermodynamically stable compounds. For 10 points, give this thermodynamic quantity, whose change is equal to the change in enthalpy minus the product of temperature and the change in entropy, which is named after an American scientist.

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: One of his paintings appears to show a young boy looking at the viewer, holding up the decapitated head of a deer by its antlers. In addition to Putto with Hunting Trophy, this artist painted a now-lost Madonna of Albinea. He was commissioned by the abbess Giovanna Piacenza to paint numerous frescoes for a chamber in her convent, and he painted a fresco depicting a scene from the Book of Revelation on the ceiling of the San Giovanni Evangelista. In addition to painting works in the previously mentioned convent of San Paolo, this artist created a fresco of the Assumption of the Virgin on the ceiling of the dome of the Cathedral of Parma, as well as a series of four paintings depicting scenes from Ovid's Metamorphoses, such as the Abduction of Ganymede and Danae. For ten points, name this artist of the Loves of Jupiter series.

SOLUTION: Fine Arts

PROBLEM: Late in dynastic history, a strong cult of this god was established at Khnum, while this god was sometimes said to be the consort of Astennu. This god was notable for intervening in battles of good and evil to heal the injured party so that neither could overtake the other. This god, who spoke the words that created all of heaven and earth, also gambled with the moon to win five more days to make the year three hundred and sixty five days long, after which he created its calendar. This god, who was sometimes regarded as the monkey Aan, was in charge of deciding when the scales of a heart outweighed the feather of Maat, and he was also ascribed the creation of magic. For ten points, identify this ibis-headed Egyptian deity of writing.

SOLUTION:
Social Science