Answer the following question given this paragraph: Hearing losses can occur because of problems in the middle or inner ear. Conductive losses in the middle ear can be partially overcome by sending sound vibrations to the cochlea through the skull. Hearing aids for this purpose usually press against the bone behind the ear, rather than simply amplifying the sound sent into the ear canal as many hearing aids do. Damage to the nerves in the cochlea is not repairable, but amplification can partially compensate. There is a risk that amplification will produce further damage. Another common failure in the cochlea is damage or loss of the cilia but with nerves remaining functional. Cochlear implants that stimulate the nerves directly are now available and widely accepted. Over 100,000 implants are in use, in about equal numbers of adults and children. The cochlear implant was pioneered in Melbourne, Australia, by Graeme Clark in the 1970s for his deaf father. The implant consists of three external components and two internal components. The external components are a microphone for picking up sound and converting it into an electrical signal, a speech processor to select certain frequencies and a transmitter to transfer the signal to the internal components through electromagnetic induction. The internal components consist of a receiver/transmitter secured in the bone beneath the skin, which converts the signals into electric impulses and sends them through an internal cable. Q: Conductive losses in the middle ear can be partially overcome by sending sound vibrations to what structure through the skull, the principle behind implants for hearing loss patients? Choices: - tympanic membrane - hammer and anvil - cornea - cochlea A:
cochlea
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Minerals form from dissolved substances when water evaporates. Q: What process does water undergo to leave behind dissolved substances? Choices: - accumulation - oxidation - ascension - evaporation A:
evaporation
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: We see about six colors in a rainbowred, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet; sometimes indigo is listed, too. Those colors are associated with different wavelengths of light, as shown in Figure 25.22. When our eye receives pure-wavelength light, we tend to see only one of the six colors, depending on wavelength. The thousands of other hues we can sense in other situations are our eye's response to various mixtures of wavelengths. White light, in particular, is a fairly uniform mixture of all visible wavelengths. Sunlight, considered to be white, actually appears to be a bit yellow because of its mixture of wavelengths, but it does contain all visible wavelengths. The sequence of colors in rainbows is the same sequence as the colors plotted versus wavelength in Figure 25.22. What this implies is that white light is spread out according to wavelength in a rainbow. Dispersion is defined as the spreading of white light into its full spectrum of wavelengths. More technically, dispersion occurs whenever there is a process that changes the direction of light in a manner that depends on wavelength. Dispersion, as a general phenomenon, can occur for any type of wave and always involves wavelength-dependent processes. Dispersion Dispersion is defined to be the spreading of white light into its full spectrum of wavelengths. Q: What is defined as the spreading of white light into its full spectrum of wavelengths? Choices: - immersion - saturation - combustion - dispersion A:
A: dispersion
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What type of role does cartilage play in the human skeleton? Choices: - variable - important - life saving - insignificant A:
Answer: insignificant
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: A genetic disorder that is caused by a mutation can be inherited. Therefore, people with a genetic disorder in their family may be concerned about having children with the disorder. Professionals known as genetic counselors can help them understand the risks of their children being affected. If they decide to have children, they may be advised to have prenatal ("before birth") testing to see if the fetus has any genetic abnormalities. One method of prenatal testing is amniocentesis . In this procedure, a few fetal cells are extracted from the fluid surrounding the fetus, and the fetal chromosomes are examined. Q: What measure is resorted to by people who wish to screen out genetic abnormalities in the fetus? Choices: - contraceptive use - in vitro fertilization - stem cell therapy - prenatal testing A:
**Answer**
prenatal testing
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: A pile of leaves slowly rots in the backyard. In the presence of oxygen, hydrogen can interact to make water. Gold can be stretched into very thin wires. Q: In the presence of oxygen, hydrogen can interact to make what? Choices: - carbon - helium - acid - water A:
**Answer**
water