input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Parasympathetic Division of the Autonomic Nervous System The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is named because its central neurons are located on either side of the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord (para- = "beside" or "near"). The parasympathetic system can also be referred to as the craniosacral system (or outflow) because the preganglionic neurons are located in nuclei of the brain stem and the lateral horn of the sacral spinal cord. The connections, or "circuits," of the parasympathetic division are similar to the general layout of the sympathetic division with a few specific differences (Figure 15.4). The preganglionic fibers from the cranial region travel in cranial nerves, whereas preganglionic fibers from the sacral region travel in spinal nerves. The targets of these fibers are terminal ganglia, which are located nearor even withinthe target effector. These ganglia are often referred to as intramural ganglia when they are found within the walls of the target organ. The postganglionic fiber projects from the terminal ganglia a short distance to the target effector, or to the specific target tissue within the organ. Comparing the relative lengths of axons in the parasympathetic system, the preganglionic fibers are long and the postganglionic fibers are short because the ganglia are close toand sometimes withinthe target effectors. The cranial component of the parasympathetic system is based in particular nuclei of the brain stem. In the midbrain, the EdingerWestphal nucleus is part of the oculomotor complex, and axons from those neurons travel with the fibers in the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III) that innervate the extraocular muscles. The preganglionic parasympathetic fibers within cranial nerve III terminate in the ciliary ganglion, which is located in the posterior orbit. The postganglionic parasympathetic fibers then project to the smooth muscle of the iris to control pupillary size. In the upper medulla, the salivatory nuclei contain neurons with axons... Q: The parasympathetic system can also be referred to as the what? A:
OPTIONS:
- badolato system
- digestive system
- lentivirus system
- craniosacral system
output: craniosacral system

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: mid-ocean ridges : A long chain of mountains that rises up high above the deep seafloor. An example is the light blue gash in middle of Atlantic Ocean. Light blue is higher elevation than dark blue. Q: A long chain of mountains that rises up high above the deep seafloor is called? A:

OPTIONS:
- oceanic alps
- blue ridge mountains
- sea mounds
- mid-ocean ridges

A: mid-ocean ridges

input: OPTIONS:
- receptors
- hormones
- lipids
- neurotransmitters Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The oval window passes the vibrations to the cochlea . The cochlea is filled with liquid that moves when the vibrations pass through, like the waves in water when you drop a pebble into a pond. Tiny hair cells line the cochlea and bend when the liquid moves. When the hair cells bend, they release neurotransmitters. Q: What do the hair cells in the cochlea release when they bend? A:
A:
output: neurotransmitters

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Figure 35.22 Different parts of the motor cortex control different muscle groups. Muscle groups that are neighbors in the body are generally controlled by neighboring regions of the motor cortex as well. For example, the neurons that control finger movement are near the neurons that control hand movement. Q: Muscle groups are controlled by what mechanism? A:

OPTIONS:
- activation energy
- cerebral cortex
- growth hormones
- motor cortex

Answer: motor cortex

Problem: OPTIONS:
- holes and cones
- circles and cones
- images and cones
- rods and cones
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Which of the following statements about the human eye is false? a. Rods detect color, while cones detect only shades of gray. When light enters the retina, it passes the ganglion cells and bipolar cells before reaching photoreceptors at the rear of the eye. The iris adjusts the amount of light coming into the eye. The cornea is a protective layer on the front of the eye. The main function of the lens is to focus light on the retina and fovea centralis. The lens is dynamic, focusing and refocusing light as the eye rests on near and far objects in the visual field. The lens is operated by muscles that stretch it flat or allow it to thicken, changing the focal length of light coming through it to focus it sharply on the retina. With age comes the loss of the flexibility of the lens, and a form of farsightedness called presbyopia results. Presbyopia occurs because the image focuses behind the retina. Presbyopia is a deficit similar to a different type of farsightedness called hyperopia caused by an eyeball that is too short. For both defects, images in the distance are clear but images nearby are blurry. Myopia (nearsightedness) occurs when an eyeball is elongated and the image focus falls in front of the retina. In this case, images in the distance are blurry but images nearby are clear. There are two types of photoreceptors in the retina: rods and cones, named for their general appearance as illustrated in Figure 36.18. Rods are strongly photosensitive and are located in the outer edges of the retina. They detect dim light and are used primarily for peripheral and nighttime vision. Cones are weakly photosensitive and are located near the center of the retina. They respond to bright light, and their primary role is in daytime, color vision. Q: What are the two types of photoreceptors in the retina? A:
Answer: rods and cones

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Female mammals have mammary glands . The glands produce milk after the birth of offspring. Milk is a nutritious fluid. It contains disease-fighting molecules as well as all the nutrients a baby mammal needs. Producing milk for an offspring is called lactation . Q: What is the name of the glands that produce milk in female mammals ? A:

OPTIONS:
- recombinant glands
- fetal glands
- sebaceous glands
- mammary glands

Answer:
mammary glands