Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[EX Q]: Context: To establish the role of FHIT in the pathogenesis hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).', 'We examined genomic alterations, as well as, mRNA and protein expression patterns from the FHIT gene, in 48 surgically resected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues. Additionally, p53 mutations were analyzed.', 'Aberrant FHIT transcripts were detected in 11 of 48 surrounding non-tumor liver tissues and 27 of 48 HCC samples (22.9% vs 56.3%, P = 0.002). No point mutations were identified within the open reading frame region of FHIT. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the FHIT locus was detected in 4 of 42 informative cases for D3S1300, and 3 of 29 informative cases for D3S1313. Reduced expression of FHIT protein (Fhit) was observed in 8 (16.7%) of 48 HCC samples, with complete loss of Fhit in only 1 case. There were no associations with abnormal transcripts, LOH, and Fhit expression. p53 mutations were identified in 9 of the 48 HCC cases. However, none of the cases displayed a G to T transversion at p53 codon 249.
Answer: Aberrant FHIT transcripts were more common in HCC tissues as compared to non-cancerous liver tissues. However, Fhit expression was lost or reduced in a minor fraction of HCC tissues, while it was strongly expressed in non-cancerous liver tissues. Therefore, our study suggests that FHIT plays a role in relatively few HCC cases in South Korea.
[EX A]: Are fragile histidine triad gene alterations essential for hepatocellular carcinoma development in South Korea?

[EX Q]: Context: Preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have prognostic value in patients with various operable tumors. The aim of our study was to determine whether NLR and PLR are predictive of survival in thymic carcinoma patients after complete resection.', 'A total of seventy-nine patients who underwent complete resection of thymic carcinoma at our hospital between January 2005 and December 2015 were retrospectively enrolled. Differential leukocyte counts were collected before surgery, and the relationships of NLR, PLR, and other patient clinical variables with survival were estimated by Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.', 'Univariate analysis found that a high level of NLR was associated with lower disease-free survival (DFS) (HR: 3.385, 95% CI: 1.073-10.678, P=0.037) and lower overall survival (OS) (HR: 12.836, 95% CI: 1.615-101.990, P=0.016). The optimal NLR threshold of 4.1 could stratify the patients with high risk of recurrence or metastasis (P=0.026) and death (P=0.006). Meanwhile, the NLR value of >4.1 in those patients was associated with bigger tumor size (P=0.035) and more advanced Masaoka stages (P=0.040) compared with NLR 4.1. However, the PLR and other variables were not significantly associated with survival in thymic carcinoma patients.
Answer: The preoperative NLR of >4.1 was significantly associated with larger tumor size, more advanced Masaoka stages and reduced DFS and OS, but was not an independent predictor of survival in thymic carcinoma patients after complete resection.
[EX A]: Is prognostic value of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio superior to platelet-lymphocyte ratio for survival in patients who underwent complete resection of thymic carcinoma?

[EX Q]: Context: Genistein, a soy component, has been shown to have a biphasic proliferative effect in breast cancer cells, inhibiting in vitro cell proliferation at high concentrations (>10 micromol/l), while stimulating cell proliferation at lower concentrations (<10 micromol/l). However, epidemiological studies have shown an inverse correlation between the intake of genistein and the incidence of breast cancer. One of the possible reasons for this discrepancy could be the differing status of the estrogen receptor (ERalpha and/or ERbeta). Genistein selectively binds to ERbeta with strong affinity and thereby could be a potential chemotherapeutic agent against breast cancer of the ERalpha-negative and ERbeta-positive type. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine whether the proliferative effects of genistein were caused by its activity as a selective ERbeta agonist or merely as an antiestrogen.', 'This study was carried out in MDA-MB-231 (ERbeta) and T47D (ERalpha and ERbeta) human breast cancer cells. Cell proliferation was determined by the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) assay. The cells were grown in estrogen-starved media and exposed to genistein at different concentrations for 72 h, either in the presence or absence of 17beta-estradiol.', 'A significant decrease in cell proliferation was seen in MDA-MB-231 cells at low concentrations of genistein in the presence of 17beta-estradiol, as compared to genistein alone. In T47D cells, which are known to have a predominance of ERalpha over ERbeta, genistein showed a biphasic cell proliferative response both in the presence and absence of 17beta-estradiol.
Answer: Our results suggest that in cells with a predominance of ERalpha, genistein acts as an agonist to ERalpha, and in cells with ERbeta alone, genistein most likely acts as an antiestrogen. Our results also suggest that genistein could be useful as a chemotherapeutic agent in premenopausal women with breast cancer of the ERalpha-negative and ERbeta-positive type.
[EX A]:
Does genistein in the presence of 17beta-estradiol inhibit proliferation of ERbeta breast cancer cells?