Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

Zionism ( "Tsiyyonut" after "Zion") is the national movement of the Jewish people that supports the re-establishment of a Jewish homeland in the territory defined as the historic Land of Israel (roughly corresponding to Canaan, the Holy Land, or the region of Palestine). Modern Zionism emerged in the late 19th century in Central and Eastern Europe as a national revival movement, in reaction to anti-Semitic and exclusionary nationalist movements in Europe. Soon after this, most leaders of the movement associated the main goal with creating the desired state in Palestine, then an area controlled by the Ottoman Empire.

Until 1948, the primary goals of Zionism were the re-establishment of Jewish sovereignty in the Land of Israel, ingathering of the exiles, and liberation of Jews from the antisemitic discrimination and persecution that they experienced during their diaspora. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, Zionism continues primarily to advocate on behalf of Israel and to address threats to its continued existence and security.

A religious variety of Zionism supports Jews upholding their Jewish identity defined as adherence to religious Judaism, opposes the assimilation of Jews into other societies, and has advocated the return of Jews to Israel as a means for Jews to be a majority nation in their own state. A variety of Zionism, called cultural Zionism, founded and represented most prominently by Ahad Ha'am, fostered a secular vision of a Jewish "spiritual center" in Israel. Unlike Herzl, the founder of political Zionism, Ahad Ha'am strived for Israel to be "a Jewish state and not merely a state of Jews".

1. when did modern Zionism emerge?
2. where?
3. was it established as a reaction to something?
4. what?
5. what was it's objective?
6. for who?
7. is the location of the state mentioned?
8. where is it?
9. does that correspond to anything else?
10. what?
11. does it have a historical name?
12. what?
13. did the objective of the movement ever shift?
14. when?
15. why?
16. what are the new objectives?
17. anything else?
18. what?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. in the late 19th century
2. in Central and Eastern Europe
3. yes
4. to anti-Semitic movements
5. to create the desired state
6. Jews
7. yes
8. in Palestine
9. yes
10. to Canaan,
11. yes
12. Land of Israel
13. yes
14. in 1948
15. State of Israel was established
16. to advocate on behalf of Israel
17. yes
18. to address threats to its continued existence and security

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

CHAPTER XXVI

A LIVELY GAME OF BASEBALL

If ever a boy was mad clear through that boy was the sneak of Putnam Hall. As the laugh ended, Mumps shook his fist at one and another of his tormentors.

"Think you are smart, don't you?" he spluttered in his rage. "I'll fix you all! I'll go and tell Captain Putnam all about this spread, and then maybe you won't catch it!"

"Mumps, keep quiet," said Dick, placing himself between the enraged one and the door. "Make too much noise, and I'll promise you the worst drubbing you ever received."

"If you peach on me, I'll give you a second whipping," added Tom.

"This is a gentlemanly affair," put in Larry.

"The boy who gives us away gets a thrashing from me."

"Ditto myself," said Frank; and several others said the same. All looked so determined that Mumps fell back in alarm.

"You let me go," he whined. "I don't want to stay here any longer."

"You can't go until you promise to keep quiet," said Dick.

"And you'll promise right now," cried Tom, seizing a pitcher of ice water that had been hidden under one of the stands. Leaping on a bed he held the pitcher over Mumps' head.

"Promise, quick, or I'll let her go!" he went on.

"Oh, don't!" yelled Mumps, as a few drops of the water landed on his head and ran down his neck.

"Do you promise to keep silent?" demanded Dick.

"Yes, yes!"

"All right. Now mind, if you break that promise you are in for at least ten good whippings."

1. Who shook their fist?
2. At who?
3. Was there more than one?
4. Who was he going to tell?
5. What was he going to tell about?
6. What did Dick want him to do?
7. Where did he place himself?
8. Did he threaten Mumps?
9. With what?
10. What did Larry think of the situation?
11. Did Frank want to thrash someone too?
12. Anyone else?
13. How many?
14. Did Mumps want to stick around?
15. Did he whine about it?
16. Did Dick say he would let him leave?
17. What did Tom grab?
18. What was in it?
19. Warm water?
20. What kind?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. Mumps
2. his tormentors
3. yes4
4. Captain Putnam
5. about this spread
6. keep quiet
7. between the enraged one and the door.
8. yes
9. the worst drubbing
10. This is a gentlemanly affair,
11. yes
12. yes
13. several
14. no
15. yes
16. no
17. a pitcher
18. water
19. no
20. ice water

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

CHAPTER 2

Amelius went straight back to the cottage, with the one desperate purpose of reverting to the old plan, and burying himself in his books. Surveying his well-filled shelves with an impatience unworthy of a scholar, Hume's "History of England" unhappily caught his eye. He took down the first volume. In less than half an hour he discovered that Hume could do nothing for him. Wisely inspired, he turned to the truer history next, which men call fiction. The writings of the one supreme genius, who soars above all other novelists as Shakespeare soars above all other dramatists--the writings of Walter Scott--had their place of honour in his library. The collection of the Waverley Novels at Tadmor had not been complete. Enviable Amelius had still to read _Rob Roy._ He opened the book. For the rest of the day he was in love with Diana Vernon; and when he looked out once or twice at the garden to rest his eyes, he saw "Andrew Fairservice" busy over the flowerbeds.

He closed the last page of the noble story as Toff came in to lay the cloth for dinner.

The master at table and the servant behind his chair were accustomed to gossip pleasantly during meals. Amelius did his best to carry on the talk as usual. But he was no longer in the delightful world of illusion which Scott had opened to him. The hard realities of his own everyday life had gathered round him again. Observing him with unobtrusive attention, the Frenchman soon perceived the absence of the easy humour and the excellent appetite which distinguished his young master at other times.

1. Where did Ameilus go back to?
2. What did he plan to do?
3. What book first caught his eye?
4. Was his collection of Waverley novels complete?
5. What were the master at the table and servant behind his chair use to?
6. What did the Frenchman notice?
7. Who did Amelius think was a supreme genius?
8. Did he think anyone else wrote better drama?
9. What book did he end up reading?
10. Who put the cloth down for dinner?

Numbered answers:

A:
1. the cottage
2. burying himself in his books
3. Hume's "History of England"
4. no
5. to gossip pleasantly during meals
6. the absence of the easy humour and the excellent appetite which distinguished his young master at other times
7. Shakespeare
8. no
9. Rob Roy
10. Toff