question: Anti-aircraft warfare or counter-air defence is defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action." They include ground-and air-based weapon systems, associated sensor systems, command and control arrangements and passive measures (e.g. barrage balloons). It may be used to protect naval, ground, and air forces in any location. However, for most countries the main effort has tended to be 'homeland defence'. NATO refers to airborne air defence as counter-air and naval air defence as anti-aircraft warfare. Missile defence is an extension of air defence as are initiatives to adapt air defence to the task of intercepting any projectile in flight.

Non-English terms for air defence include the German Flak (Fliegerabwehrkanone, "aircraft defence cannon", also cited as Flugabwehrkanone), whence English flak, and the Russian term Protivovozdushnaya oborona (Cyrillic: ), a literal translation of "anti-air defence", abbreviated as PVO. In Russian the AA systems are called zenitnye (i.e. "pointing to zenith") systems (guns, missiles etc.). In French, air defence is called DCA (Defense contre les aeronefs, "aeronef" being the generic term for all kind of airborne device (airplane, airship, balloon, missile, rocket, etc.)).
1. How is anti-aircraft or counter-air defence defined?
2. Who defined it?
3. How many things are included in that?
4. What is one of those things that is included?
5. What is the main efforts in most countries?
6. What do they call it in France?
7. What about in Germany?
8. What task do they have?
9. What are they referred to as in Russia?
10. How many examples are given as to what it is named in other places?
****
answer: 1. "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action
2. NATO
3. Four
4. ground-and air-based weapon systems
5. homeland defence
6. DCA
7. Flak
8. intercepting any projectile in flight.
9. Protivovozdushnaya oborona
10. Four

The role of teacher is often formal and ongoing, carried out at a school or other place of formal education. In many countries, a person who wishes to become a teacher must first obtain specified professional qualifications or credentials from a university or college. These professional qualifications may include the study of pedagogy, the science of teaching. Teachers, like other professionals, may have to continue their education after they qualify, a process known as continuing professional development. Teachers may use a lesson plan to facilitate student learning, providing a course of study which is called the curriculum.

A teacher's role may vary among cultures. Teachers may provide instruction in literacy and numeracy, craftsmanship or vocational training, the arts, religion, civics, community roles, or life skills.

In some countries, formal education can take place through home schooling. Informal learning may be assisted by a teacher occupying a transient or ongoing role, such as a family member, or by anyone with knowledge or skills in the wider community setting. What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. Where is the role of teacher normally carried out?
2. Do some teachers have to continue their education after they qualify to teach?
3. What do teachers use lesson plans for?
4. Where do teachers normally obtain their professional qualifications?
5. What are some subjects teachers provide in structions in?
6. Does formal education ever take place through home schooling?
7. What is the process of contunining their formal education after they have become qualified to teach called?
8. In different cultureds to teachers roles vary?
9. Who assists in informal learning?
10. Is the role of a teacher ongoing?
Answer: 1. at a school or other place of formal education
2. yes
3. to facilitate student learning
4. a university or college
5. the arts, religion, civics, community roles, or life skills
6. yes
7. professional development
8. yes
9. a family member, or by anyone with knowledge or skills in the wider community setting
10. yes, often

input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. Going on a road trip? The St. Louis Arch, Statue of Liberty, and Golden Gate Bridge are common great tourist sites. If you prefer offbeat places, check out the following roadside attractions.

World's Largest Ball of Paint

Alexandria, Ind.

In 1977, Michael Carmichael set out to create the biggest ball of paint anywhere. Starting with a baseball as centre, he painted layer by layer of paint day after day, year after year. The ball weighs more than 1,300 pounds, with more than 20,000 coats of paint, which is recognized by Guinness World Record. Visitors can paint the wall themselves and become part of the history.

The Museum of Dirt

Boston, Mass.

The museum is the idea of Glenn Johnson. Labeled glass bottles contain such treasures as dirt from the Great Wall of China, as well as sand from a desert in Saudi Arabia and Omaha Beach in France. Best of all, the cost of seeing this museum is dirt cheap: It's free.

Mount Horeb Mustard Museum

Mount Horeb, Wis.

It's heaven for hotdog lovers! This museum says it has to have the world's largest collection for prepared mustard . Its more than 4,100 bottles of spices come from 60 nations, including Turkey and China. Visitors learn the history of mustard, from how it's made to how it's advertised and sold. The museum's creator, Barry Levenson, loves mustard so much that he even puts it on ice-cream!

Paper House

Rockport, Mass.

Swedish immigrant Ellis Stenman was much ahead of his time in 1922, when he started to build a two-room house almost entirely out of newspaper. At the time, people didn't give much---if any---thought to recycling paper. In fact, "recycling" wasn't even a word yet. The house is framed with wood, but the walls are made of 210 layers of newspaper. In all, he used about 100,000 newspapers. 1. Is golden gate a common tourist attraction?
2. Where is the largest ball of paint?
3. Who created it?
4. Which year?
5. What was at the center?
6. What was the final weight?
7. How many coats of paint he used?
8. Did he get any recognition for that?
9. Like what?
10. Can visitors participate in this activity?
11. If I like hotdog where should I go?
12. Where is it?
13. What they have there?
14. How many bottles?
numbered_answers:
1. Yes
2. Alexandria, Ind.
3. Michael Carmichael
4. 1977
5. baseball
6. 1,300 pounds
7. 20,000
8. Yes
9. Guinness World Record
10. yes
11. Mount Horeb Mustard Museum
12. Mount Horeb, Wis.
13. world's largest collection for prepared mustard .
14. 4,100 bottles