Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Watch for hyperinsulinemia. Pay attention to infertility. Take obesity seriously. Look for skin changes. Track pelvic and abdomen pain. Monitor the quality of your sleep. Be aware of any psychological symptoms. Examine your family history.

Answer: Hyperinsulinemia is an excessive level of insulin. It is sometimes confused with diabetes or hypoglycemia, but it is a different condition. For women with PCOS, it results from your body having a tendency to resist the effects of insulin. Visit your doctor if you experience some of the following symptoms: Weight gain Sugar cravings Feeling hungry frequently or intensely Difficulty concentrating or staying motivated Anxiety or panic Fatigue As a symptom of PCOS, hyperinsulinemia is connected to the increased production of androgens. This can cause oily skin, acne, facial and body hair. In addition, you may gain weight around your abdomen. If your doctor suspects you have hyperinsulinemia, she will likely order a glucose tolerance test (GTT). Treatment for hyperinsulinemia includes a diet and exercise plan and may also include a drug called Metformin, which can reduce your insulin levels. Whether your doctor prescribes Metformin or not, ask for a referral to a dietician. A good nutrition plan is a crucial part of treatment. Check fasting insulin, glucose, hemoglobin A1c and c-peptide levels. Although there is no definitive test to diagnose insulin resistance, these levels are often higher than normal in PCOS patients with insulin resistance. If you are struggling to get pregnant and you have irregular periods, you may have polycystic ovary syndrome. In fact, PCOS is the most common cause of infertility. Irregular or absent ovulation makes it difficult or impossible to conceive. Higher hormone levels sometimes increase the risk of miscarriage in women with PCOS who do manage to get pregnant. See your doctor if you cannot get pregnant. Obesity is always a health concern, but it may also be a sign of PCOS. Because of increased levels of insulin, women with PCOS often accumulate fat around the waist and wind up with a pear-shaped appearance, and they typically have a difficult time losing weight. About 38% of women with PCOS are obese. An obese adult typically has a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher. If you have PCOS, you may develop velvety, light brown or black patches of skin on your neck, armpits, thighs, and breasts (these are called acanthosis nigricans). You may also develop skin tags. These are small flaps of skin, which often occur in the armpits or on the neck. Some women with PCOS experience pain or discomfort in the pelvis, abdomen or lower back. Pain may be dull or stabbing, and it may range in intensity from mild to severe. The pain or discomfort may be similar to the pain you feel at the beginning of a menstrual period. Some women with PCOS have sleep apnea, a condition in which you snore and stop breathing periodically while asleep. This can result either from increased estrogen and testosterone levels or from obesity, both of which are associated with PCOS. Women with PCOS seem to be quite susceptible to anxiety and depression. These symptoms may have physical causes, such as hormonal imbalances. They may be a reaction to the other symptoms, especially infertility. PCOS can be a hereditary condition. If your mother or sister has PCOS, you may also develop it. Consider your family's medical history to determine if you are predisposed to having PCOS. It is common for women with PCOS to have family members who have diabetes. It is common for women with PCOS to have been unusually small or unusually large babies at birth.

Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Wear your seat belt. Drive a safe car which is fitted with seat belts and other safety features. Store objects so that they will not hit you if the car gets hit. Make sure the safety systems on your car are serviced regularly. Do not lean against the dashboard.

Answer: Wearing your seatbelt is one of the most important things you can do to survive a car crash. Make sure that your lap belt sits low on your hip bones and that the shoulder belt goes across the center of your chest. Children should be seated in proper child restraints until they are large enough to properly wear a lap and shoulder belt. You won't have to worry about head support unless you are driving a really old car from the 1980s or under. Older cars, which may just have lap belts and almost never have any additional safety features, are generally less safe than large vehicles. SUVs tend to be more prone to rollover accidents than cars. Try to drive the safest car that suits your needs and budget. The Insurance Institute for highway safety maintains extensive crash test ratings and lists of safe vehicles of different sizes and styles. In Europe, Euro NCAP maintains these ratings. Their website is at http://euroncap.com If an object could become a projectile during a crash, either remove it from the car, or stow it in the trunk, or, in the case of a minivan, in the well behind the seat. Airbags and seat-belts significantly reduce injury and death in automobile accidents. If there is a high-speed crash, the car's airbags inflate. They have saved lives, but they inflate with such force that if you are leaning against the dashboard when they inflate you will be thrown backward and injured. If the car has curtain airbags (also called side airbags) it is also dangerous to lean against the sides of the car.

Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Disconnect the hose from the brake system. Remove any brackets or bolts along the flexible line. Remove the hose from the brake caliper or wheel cylinder. Attach the new hose to the brake caliper or wheel cylinder. Attach the new hose to the brake system. Bleed the brakes.

Answer:
The flexible hose will most likely be a rubber hose (sometimes it may be braided steel) leading from the central brake line to the caliper piston in disc brakes or the wheel cylinder in drum brakes. To disconnect the hose, you should remove the retainer clip between the hose and the steel line. Next, you can turn the connector with a wrench until it comes loose. Do not crank too much on these connections. If you do you may bend the metal brake lines and then have to replace them as well. Instead, drain the line by cutting the brake hose and use a torch to heat the connection. This will break it loose and you can remove it. The brake hose may be mounted to the strut or another sturdy point between the central line and the wheel. You will need to locate any such connections by tracing the line from end to end. Loosen and remove any mounting connections you find. Now that the hose is disconnected from the lines to the master cylinder, you need only remove it from the brake itself. To do this you need to loosen the bolt found at the end of the brake line (known as a banjo bolt). This is often done with a 14mm socket or wrench, but the size can vary depending on make and model. There is also a washer on either side of the brake line (between the line and banjo bolt and the line and brake) that needs removed. To attach the new brake hose, you will simply reverse the steps you took to remove the original. This means putting the washers in first, then tightening the banjo bolt at the end of the brake hose. First, attach the retainer clip. This holds the brake hose in place while you make the connection and is usually attached by sliding it into the appropriate holder at the end of the brake hose. Next, fasten the connector between the brake hose and lines leading the the master cylinder. This should be done with a wrench or flare nut wrench. You should also reconnect any brackets that hold the line secure (often found on the struts or other steering component). Bleeding the brakes is necessary to remove air that you have introduced into your brake line. Open up the bleeder cap found on the brake caliper or wheel cylinder and have someone pump the brake to force the air out of the bleeder cap. Wait until you see fluid coming out of the bleeder cap, and then close the cap. There are also pressure bleeders and gravity bleeders available for bleeding brakes.