Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Macedonia or Macedon was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, and later the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece. The kingdom was founded and initially ruled by the royal Argead dynasty, which was followed by the Antipatrid and Antigonid dynasties. Home to the ancient Macedonians, the earliest kingdom was centered on the northeastern part of the Greek peninsula, and bordered by Epirus to the west, Paeonia to the north, Thrace to the east and Thessaly to the south.

Before the 4th century BC, Macedonia was a small kingdom outside of the area dominated by the great city-states of Athens, Sparta, and Thebes, and briefly subordinate to Achaemenid Persia. During the reign of the Argead king PhilipII (359336 BC), Macedonia subdued mainland Greece and Thrace through conquest and diplomacy. With a reformed army containing phalanxes wielding the "sarissa" pike, PhilipII defeated the old powers of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea in 338BC; Sparta was occupied a century later by Antigonus III Doson. PhilipII's son Alexander the Great, leading a federation of Greek states, accomplished his father's objective of commanding the whole of Greece when he destroyed Thebes after the city revolted. During Alexander's subsequent campaign of conquest, he overthrew the Achaemenid Empire and conquered territory that stretched as far as the Indus River. For a brief period, his Macedonian empire was the most powerful in the worldthe definitive Hellenistic state, inaugurating the transition to a new period of Ancient Greek civilization. Greek arts and literature flourished in the new conquered lands and advances in philosophy, engineering, and science spread throughout much of the ancient world. Of particular importance were the contributions of Aristotle, tutor to Alexander, whose writings became a keystone of Western philosophy.
1. what was the anicent kingdom
2. Was it in Greece?
3. Who borders this area?
4. who dominated this area?
5. what about when PhilipII was king?
6. what did Alexander the Great lead?
7. did it have any significant in Anicent Greek?
8. What does Aristotle have to do with Alexander?
9. for what?
10. who overthrew the Achaemendid empire?

Numbered answers:
1. Macedonia or Macedon
2. Yes
3. Epirus and Paeonia
4. great city-states of Athens, Sparta, and Thebes,
5. Macedonia subdued mainland Greece and Thrace
6. a federation of Greek states
7. it inaugurated the transition to a new period of Ancient Greek civilization.
8. He was his tutor
9. Western philosophy.
10. Alexander

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
The Kingdom of Italy () was a state which existed from 1861, when King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 1946, when a constitutional referendum led civil discontent to abandon the monarchy and form the Italian Republic. The state was founded as a result of the unification of Italy under the influence of the Kingdom of Sardinia, which can be considered its legal predecessor state.

Italy declared war on Austria in alliance with Prussia in 1866 and received the region of Veneto following their victory. Italian troops entered Rome in 1870, ending more than one thousand years of Papal temporal power. Italy entered into a Triple Alliance with Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1882, following strong disagreements with France about the respective colonial expansions. However, even if relations with Berlin became very friendly, the alliance with Vienna remained purely formal, as the Italians were keen to acquire Trentino and Trieste, corners of Austria-Hungary populated by Italians. So, in 1915, Italy accepted the British invitation to join the Allies in World War I because the western allies promised territorial compensation (at the expense of Austria-Hungary) for participation that was more generous than Vienna's offer in exchange for Italian neutrality. Victory in the war gave Italy a permanent seat in the Council of the League of Nations.
1. When did the Kingdom of Italty begin?
2. Who was King?
3. of?
4. until?
5. What did the dicontent cause?
6. What did it form?
7. When did Italy declare war?
8. Who was their alliance?
9. Who were they fightig?
10. when?
11. What did they receive?
12. When did Italy enter Rome?
13. How long had there been Papal power?
14. Who was in the triple alliance with Italy?
15. when?
16. How were they disagreeing with?
17. about what?
18. How was the alliance with Vienna described?
19. What did the Italians want?
20. What happened in 1915?

Numbered answers:
1. 1861
2. Victor Emmanuel II
3. Sardinia
4. 1946
5. abandonment of the monarchy
6. Italian Republic
7. 1866
8. Prussia
9. Austria
10. 1866
11. region of Veneto
12. 1870
13. more than one thousand years
14. Germany and Austria-Hungary
15. 1882
16. France
17. respective colonial expansions
18. formal
19. to acquire Trentino and Trieste,
20. accepted the British invitation to join the Allies in World War I

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
"Angie, I know you like to sing," her father, a worker, told Angela Brown, "but you must have something to fall back on ."

Brown took her father's advice. She got a degree in secretarial science before entering Oakwood College, in Huntsville, Alabama. However, her aim was to become a singer at religious meetings. So after graduation she headed for Indiana University to study with the famous soprano Virginia Zeani.

Once, when Brown was troubled by self-doubt, Zeani said to her, "If you want to be the next Aretha Franklin, you need no more lessons," Brown remembers her saying. "But if you want to be the best Verdian soprano this world has ever seen, you must work."

Work she did. Three times she competed in the Metropolitan Opera National Council Auditions . Three times she failed to make the final round in New York. Then, in 1997 at age 33, the age limit for sopranos to audition, she gave it one more try. She signed up at the last minute and didn't even practice, thinking, "All they could do was to tell me no, and that didn't hurt my feelings anymore." She had the strength she needed to fall back on if she failed.

She won. But making it in New York was just the beginning. It took her three more years to become an understudy at the Met. But waiting in the wings was fine with her. Finally, her time came. When the featured singer fell ill, Brown earned the chance to sing the lead role in Aida. And The New York Times described her performance as a great success. Angela Brown, who had prepared for 20 years, was an "overnight" successful singer at age 40.
1. Who got a degree?
2. Had someone suggested she do so?
3. Who?
4. What had she liked to do?
5. What school did she attend?
6. Did she go to work after graduating?
7. Where did she go?
8. Who did she study with while there?
9. What was she known for?
10. Did Brown also want to be a soprano?
11. What kind?
12. How many times did she audition?
13. How many times was she rejected?
14. Did she try again?
15. Could she keep trying every year for as long as she wished to?
16. Why not?
17. And how old was she?
18. So this would be her last chance?
Numbered answers:
1. Angela Brown
2. yes
3. her father
4. sing
5. Oakwood College
6. no
7. Indiana University
8. Virginia Zeani.
9. she was a famous soprano
10. yes
11. Verdian
12. three
13. three
14. yes
15. no
16. the age limit for sopranos was 33
17. 33
18. yes