Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[EX Q]: The advent of the Internet has driven a technological revolution that has changed our lives. As part of this phenomenon, social networks have attained a prominent role in health care. A variety of medical services is provided over the Internet, including home monitoring, interactive communications between the patient and service providers, and social support, among others. This study emphasizes some of the practical implications of Web-based health social networks for patients and for health care systems.', 'The objective of this study was to assess how participation in a social network among individuals with a chronic condition contributed to patient activation, based on the Patient Activation Measure (PAM).', 'A prospective, cross-sectional survey with a retrospective component was conducted. Data were collected from Camoni, a Hebrew-language Web-based social health network, participants in the diabetes mellitus, pain, hypertension, and depression/anxiety forums, during November 2012 to 2013. Experienced users (enrolled at least 6 months) and newly enrolled received similar versions of the same questionnaire including sociodemographics and PAM.', 'Among 686 participants, 154 of 337 experienced and 123 of 349 newly enrolled completed the questionnaire. Positive correlations (P<.05) were found between frequency and duration of site visits and patient activation, social relationships, and chronic disease knowledge. Men surfed longer than women (3=10.104, P<.05). Experienced users with diabetes surfed more than those with other illnesses and had significantly higher PAM scores (mean, M=69.3, standard deviation, SD=19.1, PAM level 4; Z=-4.197, P<.001) than new users (M=62.8, SD=18.7, PAM level 3). Disease knowledge directly predicted PAM for all users (=.26 and .21, respectively). Frequency and duration of social health network use were correlated with increased knowledge about a chronic disease. Experienced surfers had higher PAM than newly enrolled, suggesting that continued site use may contribute to increased activation.
[EX A]: Is frequent Surfing on Social Health Networks Associated With Increased Knowledge and Patient Health Activation?

[EX Q]: Pathologic change in Alzheimer disease (AD) begins some years before symptoms. MRS has the potential to detect metabolic abnormalities reflecting this early pathologic change. Presenilin 1 (PS1) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) mutation carriers have a nearly 100% risk of developing AD and may be studied prior to symptom onset.', 'Short echo time proton MR spectra were acquired from a midline posterior cingulate voxel in presymptomatic carriers of PS1 or APP mutations ("presymptomatic mutation carriers" [PMCs]; n = 7) and age- and sex-matched control subjects (n = 6). Ratios of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), myo-inositol (MI), and choline-containing compounds (Cho) to creatine (Cr) were measured and NAA/MI calculated. Regression analyses and t tests were performed after log transformation.', 'PMC and control subjects were matched for age and sex. PMC subjects were 1.7 to 21.6 years (mean 9.8 years) before expected symptom onset, predicted from family-specific mean age at onset. Age did not significantly affect metabolite ratios. Geometric mean ratios in control subjects were as follows: NAA/Cr = 1.75, MI/Cr = 0.59, and NAA/MI = 2.95. NAA/Cr and NAA/MI were significantly reduced in PMC relative to controls (NAA/Cr mean decrease 10% [95% CI 2 to 18%]; NAA/MI mean decrease 25% [95% CI 3 to 44%]). MI/Cr was increased in PMC, but the differences did not achieve significance (19% increase [95% CI 1% decrease to 41% increase]; p = 0.07)). In PMCs, reduction in NAA/MI (p = 0.001) and MI/Cr (p = 0.002) were related to proximity of expected age at onset.
[EX A]: Does mRS show abnormalities before symptoms in familial Alzheimer disease?

[EX Q]: The combination of hepatic ischemia and cholestasis, both identified as risk factors for oxidative stress, potentially enhances postischemic reperfusion (I/R) injury. Preoperative biliary drainage relieves oxidative stress and therefore seems a worthwhile intervention in cholestatic patients undergoing major liver resection.', 'To assess the effect of biliary decompression on I/R injury in a reversible bile duct ligation (BDL) model in the rat.', 'Male Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups. The first group underwent 30 minutes of partial liver ischemia after 7 days BDL; the second group underwent internal drainage (ID) after 7 days BDL and after 5 days, were subjected to partial liver ischemia. The last group (control animals) underwent 2 sham laparotomies and subsequent ischemia. Inflammatory response (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-10, GRO/KC, and interferon-gamma), hepatic damage and oxidative stress were assessed during 24 hours of reperfusion.', 'Cholestatic rats, as compared with the ID and control groups, showed significantly increased I/R injury as determined by transaminase release, histologic injury score and neutrophil infiltration. Plasma IL-6, IL-10, and GRO/KC (a CXC chemokine) were significantly increased in the BDL group (P < .05 vs control and ID). Moreover, the hepatic antioxidant capacity was strongly decreased in the BDL group (P < .01 vs control and ID). No significant differences for most parameters were seen in the ID group as compared to the control group.
[EX A]:
Does biliary drainage attenuate postischemic reperfusion injury in the cholestatic rat liver?