question: First recognized in 1900 by Max Planck, it was originally the proportionality constant between the minimal increment of energy, E, of a hypothetical electrically charged oscillator in a cavity that contained black body radiation, and the frequency, f, of its associated electromagnetic wave. In 1905 the value E, the minimal energy increment of a hypothetical oscillator, was theoretically associated by Einstein with a "quantum" or minimal element of the energy of the electromagnetic wave itself. The light quantum behaved in some respects as an electrically neutral particle, as opposed to an electromagnetic wave. It was eventually called the photon.

Classical statistical mechanics requires the existence of h (but does not define its value). Eventually, following upon Planck's discovery, it was recognized that physical action cannot take on an arbitrary value. Instead, it must be some multiple of a very small quantity, the "quantum of action", now called the Planck constant. Classical physics cannot explain this fact. In many cases, such as for monochromatic light or for atoms, this quantum of action also implies that only certain energy levels are allowed, and values in between are forbidden.
1. Who originally associated the minimal energy increment of a hypothetical oscillator with a "quantum" or minimal element of the energy of the electromagnetic wave itself?
2. When did he do this?
3. What letter is the value called?
4. How did the light value behave?
5. As opposed to what?
6. What was it later called?
7. Who was energy E originally recognized by?
8. What type of action can't take an arbitrary value?
9. What must it be instead?
10. What is that also known as?
11. Is there another name for it?
12. What is it?
13. Is this fact widely understood in physics?
14. What does this imply about energy levels?
15. What about values in between?
****
answer: 1. Einstein
2. In 1905
3. E
4. as an electrically neutral particle
5. an electromagnetic wave
6. the photon
7. Max Planck
8. a physical one
9. some multiple of a very small quantity
10. the "quantum of action"
11. yes
12. the Planck constant
13. no
14. only certain ones are allowed
15. they're forbidden

question: New York (CNN)A suburban New York cardiologist has been charged in connection with a failed scheme to have another physician hurt or killed, according to prosecutors.

Dr. Anthony Moschetto, 54, pleaded not guilty Wednesday to criminal solicitation, conspiracy, burglary, arson, criminal prescription sale and weapons charges in connection to what prosecutors called a plot to take out a rival doctor on Long Island.

He was released after posting $2 million bond and surrendering his passport.

Two other men -- identified as James Chmela, 43, and James Kalamaras, 41 -- were named as accomplices, according to prosecutors.

They pleaded not guilty in Nassau County District Court, according to authorities. Both were released on bail.

Requests for comment from attorneys representing Moschetto and Chmela were not returned. It's unclear whether Kalamaras has retained an attorney.

Moschetto's attorney, Randy Zelin, said Wednesday that his client "will be defending himself vigorously," the New York Post reported.

"Doctors are supposed to ensure the health and wellbeing of people, but Dr. Moschetto is alleged to have replaced that responsibility with brazen, callous and criminal acts," Acting Nassau District Attorney Madeline Singas said in a statement.

Police officers allegedly discovered approximately 100 weapons at Moschetto's home, including hand grenades, high-capacity magazines and knives. Many of the weapons were found in a hidden room behind a switch-activated bookshelf, according to prosecutors.

The investigation began back in December, when undercover officers began buying heroin and oxycodone pills from Moschetto in what was initially a routine investigation into the sale of prescription drugs, officials said.
1. What doctor was charged with trying to kill another doctor?
2. How old is he?
3. Where does he practice?
4. What is his speciality?
5. Who else was charged?
6. Was he released on bail?
7. How much was the doctors bail?
8. How have all three pled?
9. What court were they arraigned in?
10. Who is Moschetto's attorney?
11. Were weapons found in Moschetto's home?
12. What kinds?
13. and how many weapons were there?
14. Were they hidden?
15. Where?
16. When did the investigation begin?
17. What were the cops buying the doctor?
18. How old were the accomplices?
19. What New York burrough was the rival Dr from?
20. Has Kalamaras hired a lawyer?
****
answer: 1. Dr. Anthony Moschetto
2. 54
3. New York
4. a cardiologist
5. Two other men
6. Both were
7. $2 million
8. not guilty
9. Nassau County District Court
10. Randy Zelin
11. Yes
12. hand grenades
13. approximately 100
14. Yes
15. in a hidden room
16. back in December
17. heroin and oxycodone
18. 43 and 41
19. Long Island
20. It's unclear

question: Hong Kong (CNN) -- Tired of the same old engagement and wedding photos? The cliched poses in gardens or on beaches?

Then take some inspiration from the creative couples in Hong Kong, who are memorializing their love with unconventional photo shoots featuring such surreal backdrops as giant cats or pastries.

Many couples in the city opt to take engagement photos months before the big day, a tradition that started in Taiwan and has now spread to China and South Korea.

The more adventurous are opting for photo shoots that diverge from the standard scenes, and instead reflect something about their personalities, passions or the story of their love.

Read more: Shanghai's bikini brides and Speedo grooms

Kim Lee wanted a theme that reflected her love of food, so her photos with her fiance Daniel Chan feature the couple sitting on giant egg tarts and macaroons.

Yvonne Ho, the wedding planner behind Lee and Chan's shoot, said planning this sort of photography is closer to an advertising or fashion shoot.

Ho works to create an individualized concept for each couple, so they come away feeling she has presented the story of their life together.

"I want to share their love," she said, adding that her responsibility is to "tell the story by the photos."

In the case of sporting enthusiasts Kenny Tang and Olivia Kok, Ho enlisted a professional underwater photographer to capture the couple's active lifestyle. Tang and Kok jumped into a swimming pool fully clothed and relied on scuba tanks to breathe underwater.
1. What is the article mainly about?
2. Where are couples memorializing their love in unconventional ways?
3. Where are they having swimsuit shoots?
4. When are they taking these pictures?
5. Where did they start this practice?
6. Did it spread?
7. Where?
8. Who included edibles in their pics?
9. What did they use for props?
10. Who planned this?
11. Who is she?
12. What does she want to do?
13. Anything else?
14. Were Kenny and Olivia actually scuba diving in a legitmate scuba setting?
15. Where were they?
16. Does this style of photography tell us more about the subjects being pictured?
****
answer:
1. Engagement photos.
2. Hong Kong.
3. Shanghai.
4. Months before the big day.
5. Taiwan.
6. Yes
7. China and South Korea.
8. Kim Lee and Daniel Chan.
9. Giant egg tarts and macaroons.
10. Yvonne Ho.
11. The wedding planner.
12. Share their love.
13. Tell their story.
14. No.
15. A swimming pool.
16. Yes.