Q: The world produces about 4 billion metric tons of food a year but 1.2 to 2 billion tons is not eaten, the study by the London-based Institution of Mechanical Engineers said. It is instead thrown away. Experts say food is wasted in both rich and poor countries, but for different reasons.

Elliot Woolley teaches sustainable manufacturing at Loughborough University in Britain. He spoke at the Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing, which was held earlier this month in Vietnam.

Mr. Woolley said in poor countries, food is usually lost while it is still in the field or during storage and transportation. He said that is because food producers there are inefficient. These businesses are unable to operate effectively without wasting materials, time or energy. But he added that once food is sold in developing countries, people usually eat everything they buy.

However, people in developed countries throw away as much as half of the food they purchase. In the US, big contributors to waste include supersized portions that customers simply can't manage, and"eat as much as you want"offers in restaurants. In the UK, over-conservative sell-by dates on labels and two-for-one offers of perishable items are key factors, encouraging consumers to buy too much food to start with and to throw away items that have reached their sell-by date, but which are still edible. And efficient farming methods, transport and storage mean that most of the wastage occurs through retail and customer behavior. The British researcher called this custom"adisgrace".

Elliot Woolley has created a smartphone app that he says shows users what food they have bought and when the food is about to become unsafe to eat. It also gives information on how people can combine the foods they have to make a meal. The software program is called"Pantry App".

Mr. Woolley said that people who used the app reduced the amount of food they wasted by a third. But this result came from a limited experiment -- users only followed their food use for a week.

Jeremy Bonvoisin is a student at the Technical University of Berlin. He attended the recent conference in Vietnam. He said one way to solve the problem of wasting food is to take steps to persuade people to stop buying so much food in the first place. He said people buy more food than they need because it is becoming less costly. They waste so much food because they buy more than they need.

He said the new app could help those who already want to change the way they use the food they buy. But he is also worried that it could get people to waste more food because they no longer have to pay attention to how much they have bought.

Answer the following questions:
1. Who created a smart phone app?
2. What is it called?
3. What does it do?
4. How many run it daily?
5. What were the claimed results of this?
6. Where does the author of the app teach?
7. What's his name?
8. Do poor countries waste food as well?
9. Who is the 2nd person mentioned in the article?
10. What did he say?
A: 1. Elliot Woolley
2. Pantry App
3. shows users what food they have bought and when the food is about to become unsafe to eat
4. unknown
5. the app reduced the amount of food they wasted by a third
6. Technical University of Berlin
7. Elliot Woolley
8. No
9. Jeremy Bonvoisin
10. the new app could help those who already want to change the way they use the food they buy
Q: Cairo (CNN) -- Thousands of Egyptians gathered in Cairo's Tahrir Square Tuesday night to protest what they call a coup by Egypt's military rulers and show their support for the Muslim Brotherhood presidential candidate.

Conflicting reports about the health of ousted President Hosni Mubarak overshadowed the protest, as one news agency reported he was clinically dead, which the military quickly denied.

"He is not clinically dead as reported, but his health is deteriorating and he is in critical condition," Gen. Mamdouh Shahin, a member of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, told CNN.

Conflicting reports about whether Mubarak has died

"They're playing with us," one Tahrir Square demonstrator said. "All of the sudden, all of this? If he's really dead, it's God's will. I would hope he lives to see the new president."

Both candidates in what the United States called Egypt's "historic" presidential runoff over the weekend are claiming victory, the latest twist in the country's chaotic political upheaval.

A spokesman for Ahmed Shafik -- the last prime minister to serve under Mubarak -- said Tuesday that Shafik had won, state-run Nile TV reported.

At a news conference, Mahmoud Abu Baraka said the campaign was certain it had the correct numbers.

Mohamed Morsi, the Muslim Brotherhood candidate, claimed victory Monday and vowed to build an inclusive government. "No one's rights will be left out of it, and no one will dominate over the other," he said.

Egypt has not announced an official result.

The dueling announcements come amid questions over just how much authority the president will even have in the new Egypt. The Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, which has run Egypt since Mubarak's ouster, stripped the position of much of its power.

Answer the following questions:
1. What country does this story take place in?
2. And what city?
3. Who is the main figure in the article?
4. What position did Mubarak hold in government?
5. Currently?
6. What was reported about Mubarak?
7. Did everyone agree about that?
8. What else was going on at the time of the reports?
9. Where exactly?
10. How many people?
11. What were they protesting?
12. Who were they supporting?
13. What's his name?
14. Who won the election?
15. Does Morsi think that he won?
16. Does his opponent agree?
17. What's his opponent's name?
18. Where was he reported as winning?
19. Does the position of president have unlimited power?
20. Has its power been reduced?
A: 1. Egypt
2. Cairo
3. Hosni Mubarak
4. President
5. No
6. He was clinically dead
7. No
8. Egyptians gathered to protest
9. Cairo's Tahrir Square
10. Thousands
11. a coup by Egypt's military rulers
12. the Muslim Brotherhood presidential candidate
13. Mohamed Morsi
14. unknown
15. Yes
16. No
17. Ahmed Shafik
18. Nile TV
19. No
20. Yes
Q: CHAPTER 6

Can piety the discord heal, Or stanch the death-feud's enmity? --Scott

It must not be supposed that such a history of Guy's mind was expressed by himself, or understood by Mrs. Edmonstone; but she saw enough to guess at his character, perceive the sort of guidance he needed, and be doubly interested in him. Much did she wish he could have such a friend as her brother would have been, and hope that nothing would prevent a friendship with her nephew.

The present question about the horse was, she thought, unfortunate, since, though Guy had exercised great self-denial, it was no wonder Philip was annoyed. Mr. Edmonstone's vexation was soon over. As soon as she had persuaded him that there had been no offence, he strove to say with a good grace, that it was very proper, and told Guy he would be a thorough book-worm and tremendous scholar, which Guy took as an excellent joke.

Philip had made up his mind to be forbearing, and to say no more about it. Laura thought this a pity, as they could thus never come to an understanding; but when she hinted it, he wore such a dignified air of not being offended, that she was much ashamed of having tried to direct one so much better able to judge. On his side Guy had no idea the trouble he had caused; so, after bestowing his thanks in a gay, off-hand way, which Philip thought the worst feature of the case, he did his best to bring Hecuba back into his mind, drive the hunters out of it, and appease the much-aggrieved William of Deloraine.

Answer the following questions:
1. Who had no idea the trouble he'd created?
2. Who wanted to end the conversation?
3. Who wanted to be forbearing?
4. Who was doubly interested in Guy?
5. What animal was the unfortunate question concerning?
6. Who was frustrated?
A:
1. Guy
2. unknown
3. Philip
4. Mrs. Edmonstone
5. the horse
6. Mr. Edmonstone