Answer the following question given this paragraph: 30.4 | Leaves By the end of this section, you will be able to: Identify the parts of a typical leaf Describe the internal structure and function of a leaf Compare and contrast simple leaves and compound leaves List and describe examples of modified leaves Leaves are the main sites for photosynthesis: the process by which plants synthesize food. Most leaves are usually green, due to the presence of chlorophyll in the leaf cells. However, some leaves may have different colors, caused by other plant pigments that mask the green chlorophyll. The thickness, shape, and size of leaves are adapted to the environment. Each variation helps a plant species maximize its chances of survival in a particular habitat. Usually, the leaves of plants growing in tropical rainforests have larger surface areas than those of plants growing in deserts or very cold conditions, which are likely to have a smaller surface area to minimize water loss. Q: The presence of what in leaf cells makes most leaves appear green? A:
OPTIONS:
- hydrogen
- sodium
- carbonate
- chlorophyll
chlorophyll
--
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Magnetite crystals in the lava point in the direction of the magnetic north pole. The different stripes of magnetic polarity reveal the different ages of the seafloor. Q: Magnetite crystals in lava typically point to what geographic location? A:
OPTIONS:
- the equator
- magnetic south pole
- geographic north pole
- magnetic north pole
magnetic north pole
--
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Figure 16.5 (a) Digestion of food begins in the mouth. (b) Food is masticated by teeth and moistened by saliva secreted from the salivary glands. Enzymes in the saliva begin to digest starches and fats. With the help of the tongue, the resulting bolus is moved into the esophagus by swallowing. (credit: modification of work by Mariana Ruiz Villareal). Q: Enzymes in saliva help bread down and digest what? A:
OPTIONS:
- starches and water
- water and fiber
- fiber and minerals
- starches and fats
starches and fats
--
Answer the following question given this paragraph: In which of the following regions would you expect to find photosynthetic organisms? a. The aphotic zone, the neritic zone, the oceanic zone, and the benthic realm. The photic zone, the intertidal zone, the neritic zone, and the oceanic zone. The photic zone, the abyssal zone, the neritic zone, and the oceanic zone. The pelagic realm, the aphotic zone, the neritic zone, and the oceanic zone. Coral Reefs Coral reefs are ocean ridges formed by marine invertebrates living in warm shallow waters within the photic zone of the ocean. They are found within 30 north and south of the equator. The Great Barrier Reef is a well-known reef system located several miles off the northeastern coast of Australia. Other coral reefs are fringing islands, which are directly adjacent to land, or atolls, which are circular reefs surrounding a former island that is now underwater. The coral-forming colonies of organisms (members of phylum Cnidaria) secrete a calcium carbonate skeleton. These calcium-rich skeletons slowly accumulate, thus forming the underwater reef (Figure 20.29). Corals found in shallower waters (at a depth of approximately 60 m or about 200 ft) have a mutualistic relationship with photosynthetic unicellular protists. The relationship provides corals with the majority of the nutrition and the energy they require. The waters in which these corals live are nutritionally poor and, without this mutualism, it would not be possible for large corals to grow because there are few planktonic organisms for them to feed on. Some corals living in deeper and colder water do not have a mutualistic relationship with protists; these corals must obtain their energy exclusively by feeding on plankton using stinging cells on their tentacles. Q: Ocean ridges formed by marine invertebrates living in warm shallow waters within the photic zone of the ocean are called what? A:
OPTIONS:
- lagoon
- trenches
- break water
- coral reefs
coral reefs
--