Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity. In humans, the bloodbrain barrier, bloodcerebrospinal fluid barrier, and similar fluidbrain barriers separate the peripheral immune system from the neuroimmune system which protects the brain.

Pathogens can rapidly evolve and adapt, and thereby avoid detection and neutralization by the immune system; however, multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system, in the form of enzymes that protect against bacteriophage infections. Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes and remain in their modern descendants, such as plants and invertebrates. These mechanisms include phagocytosis, antimicrobial peptides called defensins, and the complement system. Jawed vertebrates, including humans, have even more sophisticated defense mechanisms, including the ability to adapt over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently. Adaptive (or acquired) immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leading to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that same pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.
1. what is the article about?
2. how is it defined?
3. what must it do to work correctly?
4. are they also called something else?
5. is the worm helpful?
6. do pathogens change?
7. slowly?
8. how are brains protected?
9. are they solid?
10. what are they composed of?

Numbered answers:
1. The immune system
2. system of many biological structures
3. detect a wide variety of agents
4. pathogens
5. No
6. Yes
7. No
8. brain barriers separate the peripheral immune system from the neuroimmune system
9. No
10. blood and fluids

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
For more than 40 years, scientists have sought to learn how well human beings can adapt to long periods in space. The International Space Station continues to provide valuable knowledge about spaceflight. But an earlier space station, Skylab, helped make the current space project possible.

Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield sang aboard the International Space Station on May 12, 2013. His music video has become extremely popular. The astronaut played his own version of David Bowie's song Space Oddity. He performed while floating weightlessly, with images of planet earth and space appearing in the window behind him.

Chris Hadfield recently returned home after nearly five months on the space station. For him, the long flight produced a hit video on YouTube and no major physical problems. But 40 years ago, scientists did not know how humans would react to long-term spaceflight. To find out, NASA, the American space agency, launched Skylab in May, 1973. Over nearly a year, three teams of astronauts visited Skylab for stays of between 28 to 84 days. They learned how people react to extended periods in space.

Gerald Carr commanded Skylab 4. He spoke at a NASA event marking the 40th anniversary of Skylab's launch. He said that the loss of the body's muscle mass was a main concern. Astronauts on Skylab used exercise equipment to stay strong. The astronauts spent their workdays carrying out experiments, including biomedical research.

Marshall Porterfield is the director of NASA's Space Life and Physical Sciences Division. He says the Skylab astronauts' understanding of their own ability to deal with long-term spaceflight continues to help current astronauts. NASA says the next step for life away from Earth is a year-long space station mission, set for 2015.
1. What space station helped make space projects possible?

Numbered answers:
1. Skylab

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Travelling around the world is a dream for many people, but a young couple from China has made his dream come true. They drove along the ancient Silk Road, from China to the UK. Luo Chang and Ding Jie, a young couple from China's Guizhou Province, spent two months drving from their home in Shanghai all the way to London. The journey covered about 20,000 kilometer, and they crossed 14 countries and regions . Ding Jie said, " People were excited to see two travelers driving a foreign license car, appearing on their streets. We were stopped many times to take photos with them. Sometimes, when we couldn't understand each other's language, they would express their ideas with gestures . During their driving trip, they also spent many nights in local people's homes. Luo Chang said, "This is an amazing experience. We were driving on a highway or a country road to someone's home. Someone you've never met but was already preparing dinner for you. We feelwe have friends all over the world. During the trip, Luo and Ding took nearly 10,000 photos and kept diaries to record the beautiful scenery , the friendly people and the different customs on the way. ,.
1. What is a dream for many people?
2. Where are the young people from?
3. How long did they spend traveling from home?
4. How many countries did they drive through?
5. Where did they sleep during their travels?
6. How many pictures did they get?
7. What was the distance of their trip?
8. What were people excited to see?
9. Who was cooking a meal for them?
10. What did they do when they couldn't understand eachother?

Numbered answers:
1. Travelling around the world
2. China
3. two months
4. 14
5. local people's homes.
6. 10,000
7. 20,000 km
8. two travelers driving a foreign license car
9. Someone they've never met
10. use gestures

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Kyle was excited. So excited that he ate and got dressed before his dad even woke up. Today he was going to the store to spend the money his grandma had sent him for his birthday. When Dad was finally ready to go, Kyle hurried to the car. Today was extra special because none of his sisters were going with them. His older sister Sandy was visiting her best friend. His younger sister Sarah was going to a movie with their mom. So today was a special day, only Kyle and Dad being guys together.

Once they reached the store, Kyle walked slowly down each aisle, looking at all the toys and trying to find the best one. Purple superheroes, colorful games, and a bright blue ball all caught his eye, but Kyle kept looking. Finally he saw it, hiding on the bottom shelf. The most perfect toy- a shiny, white jeep. Kyle rushed to pick it up and show it to his dad. His dad thought the jeep was a great toy. And Kyle had enough money to buy it. The clerk took Kyle's money and placed the perfect car into a bag for the boy. As they drove home, Kyle looked into the bag at his dream toy several times, to make sure it was real. And all afternoon he pretended to drive his jeep around the house. This had been the best day ever!
1. What gender is Kyle?
2. Who else is the same gender?
3. What gender is Kyle's older sibling?
4. How about his younger?
5. Who supervised Kyle this day?
6. Who supervised his younger sibling that day?
7. Where did she take his sister?
8. What is Kyle's older sibling named?
9. With whom did that sibling spend the day?
10. How had Kyle obtained his funds?
11. Where were they spent?
12. On what item?
13. How many siblings were in the family?
14. How many kids did the family have?
Numbered answers:
1. male
2. Dad
3. female
4. female
5. Dad
6. mom
7. the movies'
8. Sandy
9. her best friend.
10. his grandma had sent him it for his birthday
11. the store
12. a jeep
13. Two
14. Three