Q: In mathematics and mathematical logic, Boolean algebra is the branch of algebra in which the values of the variables are the truth values "true" and "false", usually denoted 1 and 0 respectively. Instead of elementary algebra where the values of the variables are numbers, and the prime operations are addition and multiplication, the main operations of Boolean algebra are the conjunction "and" denoted as , the disjunction "or" denoted as , and the negation "not" denoted as . It is thus a formalism for describing logical relations in the same way that ordinary algebra describes numeric relations.

Boolean algebra was introduced by George Boole in his first book "The Mathematical Analysis of Logic" (1847), and set forth more fully in his "An Investigation of the Laws of Thought" (1854). According to Huntington, the term "Boolean algebra" was first suggested by Sheffer in 1913.

Boolean algebra has been fundamental in the development of digital electronics, and is provided for in all modern programming languages. It is also used in set theory and statistics.

Boole's algebra predated the modern developments in abstract algebra and mathematical logic; it is however seen as connected to the origins of both fields. In an abstract setting, Boolean algebra was perfected in the late 19th century by Jevons, Schroder, Huntington, and others until it reached the modern conception of an (abstract) mathematical structure. For example, the empirical observation that one can manipulate expressions in the algebra of sets by translating them into expressions in Boole's algebra is explained in modern terms by saying that the algebra of sets is "a" Boolean algebra (note the indefinite article). In fact, M. H. Stone proved in 1936 that every Boolean algebra is isomorphic to a field of sets.

Answer the following questions:
1. When was Boolean algebra named?
2. By whom?
3. How are variables named?
4. Which one is false?
5. And true?
6. Who started this concept?
7. And his book was?
8. When was it published?
9. Did he write another one?
10. When?
11. And it's title?
12. How is it used in modern times?
13. Anything else?
14. What does it predate?
15. In what?
16. Who made it perfect?
17. In what era?
18. Who had a theory in 1936?
19. What was it?
20. Was it proven?
A: 1. 1913
2. Sheffer
3. "true" and "false",
4. 0
5. One
6. George Boole
7. The Mathematical Analysis of Logic
8. 1847
9. Yes
10. 1854
11. An Investigation of the Laws of Thought
12. development of digital electronics,
13. its provided for in all modern programming languages and is also used in set theory and statistics.
14. modern developments
15. abstract algebra and mathematical logic
16. Jevons, Schroder, Huntington, and others
17. late 19th century
18. M. H. Stone
19. every Boolean algebra is isomorphic to a field of sets.
20. yes

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

A man has been charged with a federal hate crime in connection with what authorities say was a racially motivated "knockout" assault against an elderly black man, the U.S. Justice Department said Thursday.

Conrad Alvin Barrett, 27, of Katy, Texas, has been charged with one count of violating the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act.

According to the federal complaint, Barrett attacked the 79-year-old man "because of the man's race and color." He will next appear in court Friday afternoon for a detention hearing.

The suspect made a video of the attack November 24, the complaint said. In the video, he allegedly commented that "the plan is to see if I were to hit a black person, would this be nationally televised?"

He then allegedly "hit the man with such force that the man immediately fell to the ground. Barrett then laughed and said 'knockout,' as he ran to his vehicle and fled."

The victim suffered two jaw fractures and was hospitalized for several days, the complaint said.

Barrett's attorney, George Parnham, told CNN the affidavit does not "pull back the layers of mental health."

His client has bipolar disorder and takes medication, Parnham said in an earlier call.

Parnham said he could not state whether his client carried out the attack, but, "mental health issues definitely played a part in anything that occurred."

Barrett "is very sorry for this person," Parnham said, adding that he and his client haven't had much opportunity to discuss the facts of the case.

1. What was the man charged with?
2. What kind of hate crime?
3. Against who?
4. How old was the black man?
5. When did it happen?
6. What was his plan?
7. What did his attorney say?
8. How much younger is the attacker?
9. Did the victim spend any time in the hospital?
10. how long?
11. For what?
12. What disorder does the attacker have?
13. Does he take medication for it?
14. Is the attacker remorseful?
15. Why was it called a knockout assault?
16. Who is his counsel?
17. Where did the attacker live?
18. Where is that?
19. Is it a state crime?
20. What is the name of the attacker?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. Hate Crimes
2. knockout" assault
3. elderly black man
4. 79
5. November 24
6. be nationally televised
7. does not "pull back the layers of mental health
8. 52 years
9. yes
10. several days
11. wo jaw fractures
12. bipolar
13. yes
14. yes
15. laughed and said 'knockout
16. George Parnham
17. Katy
18. Texas
19. no
20. Conrad Alvin Barrett

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

(CNN) -- Jeanne Cooper, who played Katherine Chancellor, the "Dame of Genoa City," on "The Young and the Restless," has died. She was 84.

Her death was confirmed by her son, actor Corbin Bernsen, on his Twitter account.

"Mom passed this morning," Bernsen posted. "She was in peace and without fear."

Cooper had been suffering from an undisclosed illness. The cause of death was not given.

Cooper was already a well-established TV actress when she took the role of Chancellor in 1973. "The Young and the Restless" was struggling in the ratings and its creator, William J. Bell, wanted to spice things up.

"Jeanne was the matriarch of the show in every sense of the word," said Lauralee Bell, Christine/Cricket on "The Young and the Restless" and William Bell's daughter.

"When you did work you were proud of, you'd hope for approval or a 'good job' from Jeanne as a child would from a parent. When things got too tense, she'd break the tension with her amazing wit. She would teach the younger actors without ever talking down to them. In fact, she would raise them up," said Bell. "She always had my back and my parents (and our whole family) always had hers."

Kate Linder, another member of "The Young and the Restless" cast, said Cooper was her "mentor and an amazing actress and friend." Linder, Esther Valentine on the show, said, "When Jeanne welcomed you into her life, you knew it and it was a fantastic feeling. This is truly the end of an era, not just for fans of 'The Young and the Restless' but for all of the people she touched throughout her long and distinguished career and life."

1. Who confirmed Jeanne Coopers death?
2. Was it a painful death?
3. Was it expected?

Numbered answers:

A:
1. her son
2. No
3. unknown