Teacher: Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease with an uncertain pathogenesis. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) represent a recently discovered cell population which has been implicated in driving Th2 inflammation in CRS; however, their relationship with clinical disease characteristics has yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to identify ILC2s in sinus mucosa in patients with CRS and controls and compare ILC2s across characteristics of disease. A cross-sectional study of patients with CRS undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery was conducted. Sinus mucosal biopsies were obtained during surgery and control tissue from patients undergoing pituitary tumour resection through transphenoidal approach. ILC2s were identified as CD45(+) Lin(-) CD127(+) CD4(-) CD8(-) CRTH2(CD294)(+) CD161(+) cells in single cell suspensions through flow cytometry. ILC2 frequencies, measured as a percentage of CD45(+) cells, were compared across CRS phenotype, endotype, inflammatory CRS subtype and other disease characteristics including blood eosinophils, serum IgE, asthma status and nasal symptom score. 35 patients (40% female, age 48 17 years) including 13 with eosinophilic CRS (eCRS), 13 with non-eCRS and 9 controls were recruited. ILC2 frequencies were associated with the presence of nasal polyps (P = 0.002) as well as high tissue eosinophilia (P = 0.004) and eosinophil-dominant CRS (P = 0.001) (Mann-Whitney U). They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia (P = 0.005). There were no significant associations found between ILC2s and serum total IgE and allergic disease. In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (P = 0.03). ILC2s were also correlated with worsening nasal symptom score in CRS (P = 0.04).
Solution: Are group 2 innate lymphoid cells ( ILC2s ) increased in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps or eosinophilia?
Reason: The question is based on the following sentences from the passage (i) Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) {ii) In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (iii) As ILC2s are elevated in patients with CRSwNP, they may drive nasal polyp formation in CRS. and (iv) They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia

Now, solve this instance: The GNB3 C825T polymorphism has been shown to affect lipid parameters, atherosclerosis progression, and incidence of myocardial infarction (MI). Therefore, we assessed whether the effectiveness of statins in reducing the risk of MI was modified by the GNB3 C825T polymorphism.', 'In a population-based registry of pharmacy records linked to hospital discharge records (PHARMO), we used a nested case-control design. We selected patients hospitalized for MI as cases if they used antihypertensive drugs and had a diagnosis of hypercholesterolemia before their first MI. Controls met the same eligibility criteria, but were not hospitalized for MI. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) and synergy index with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI), and to adjust for potential confounding factors.', 'We included 459 cases and 1805 controls. The risk of MI was significantly lower among participants exposed to statins compared with participants not exposed to statins (adjusted OR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.29-0.47). The GNB3T allele was associated with a reduced risk of MI (adjusted OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.60-0.92). Among homozygous wild-type (CC) individuals (n=1119), exposure to statins was associated with a lower risk of MI (OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.34-0.67). However, T allele carriers (CT and TT) who used statins had an even stronger reduced risk of MI (OR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.19-0.39). Overall, the interaction between exposure to statins and the GNB3 C825T polymorphism was significantly increased on the multiplicative scale (synergy index: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.06-2.65).
Student:
Is effectiveness of statins in the reduction of the risk of myocardial infarction modified by the GNB3 C825T variant?