In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

[EX Q]: Rosenheim and Callow developed a test in which a mixture of this compound and metal acetates are used to detect the presence of sterols. Millon's reagent is a solution of mercury in this substance and a similar substance, which turns red in the presence of phenolic compounds and is useful in detecting tyrosine residues. The commercial production of this compound begins with the combustion of ammonia using a platinum-rhodium catalyst; that process is the Ostwald process. For 10 points, identify this acid which is found with hydrochloric acid in aqua regia, and has chemical formula HNO3.
[EX A]: Science

[EX Q]: This quantity can be defined as minus the temperature times the derivative of entropy with respect to particle number. The Gibbs factor is a generalization of the Boltzmann factor that takes this quantity into account. Usually defined as the derivative of the Helmholtz free energy with respect to particle number, FTP name this quantity which governs particle flow, as particles flow from systems with higher values to systems with lower values.
[EX A]: Science

[EX Q]: The "Colliget", or "Book of Generalities", was this man's most notable work on medicine. This man argued that the active and passive intellects were separate from the individual soul and advocated the concept of "double truth". Boetius of Dacia applied this man's ideas to argue that the Resurrection the Dead was impossible, and along with Siger of Brabant founded a medieval Christian heresy named for this man. This man's most notable work begins by defending ways to prove the eternity of the world, a feat deemed impossible by his Asharite opponents. For ten points, name this rival of Al-Ghazali and author of "Incoherence of the Incoherence", a rationalist philosopher of Muslim Spain.
[EX A]:
Social Science