Babylon ( ; Aramaic: , "Babel"; , "Babil"; , "Bavel") was a key kingdom in ancient Mesopotamia. The city was built on the Euphrates river and divided in equal parts along its left and right banks, with steep embankments to contain the river's seasonal floods. Babylon was originally a small Akkadian city dating from the period of the Akkadian Empire c. 2300 BC.

The town became an independent city-state with the rise of the First Amorite Babylonian Dynasty in the nineteenth century BC. After the Amorite king Hammurabi created a short-lived empire in the 18th century BC, southern Mesopotamia became known as Babylonia and Babylon eclipsed Nippur as its "holy city". The empire waned under Hammurabi's son Samsu-iluna and Babylon spent long periods under Assyrian, Kassite and Elamite domination. After being destroyed and then rebuilt by the Assyrians, Babylon became the capital of the Neo-Babylonian Empire from 609 to 539BC. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. After the fall of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, the city came under the rule of the Achaemenid, Seleucid, Parthian, Roman, and Sassanid empires.

It has been estimated that Babylon was the largest city in the world from c. 1770 to 1670BC, and again between c. 612 and 320BC. It was perhaps the first city to reach a population above 200,000. Estimates for the maximum extent of its area range from 890 to . The remains of the city are in present-day Hillah, Babil Governorate, Iraq, about south of Baghdad, comprising a large tell of broken mud-brick buildings and debris.

What are the answers to this following set of questions:

1. What city is the article about?
2. When was it the largest city in the world?
3. Was Nippur ever a holy city?
4. What did Hammurabi create?
5. when?
6. In what country are the remains today?
7. where in Iraq?
8. What was it known as before babylonia?
9. did it have a large population?
10. What river was it built on?
11. Who ruled the city after the fall of neo-babylonian Empire?
12. and?
13. who else?
14. any more?
15. and?
16. what was one of the ancient wonder of the world?
17. what was Babylon?
18. what was done to stop the floods?
19. was it ever a small city?
20. when?

Numbered answers:
1. Babylon
2. from c. 1770 to 1670BC
3. yes
4. a short-lived empire
5. in the 18th century BC
6. Iraq
7. south of Baghdad
8. Nippur
9. yes
10. the Euphrates river
11. Achaemenid
12. Romans
13. Seleucids
14. Parthians
15. and Sassanid empires
16. The Hanging Gardens
17. a key kingdom in ancient Mesopotamia
18. it was built on steep embankments
19. yes
20. 2300 BC