Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Plato (; Greek: "Platon", in Classical Attic; 428/427 or 424/423 348/347 BC) was a philosopher in Classical Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. He is widely considered the most pivotal figure in the development of philosophy, especially the Western tradition. Unlike nearly all of his philosophical contemporaries, Plato's entire work is believed to have survived intact for over 2,400 years. Others believe that the oldest extant manuscript dates to around AD 895, 1100 years after Plato's death. This makes it difficult to know exactly what Plato wrote.

Along with his teacher, Socrates, and his most famous student, Aristotle, Plato laid the very foundations of Western philosophy and science. Alfred North Whitehead once noted: "the safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of footnotes to Plato." In addition to being a foundational figure for Western science, philosophy, and mathematics, Plato has also often been cited as one of the founders of Western religion and spirituality. Plato's influence on Christianity is often thought to be mediated by his major influence on Saint Augustine of Hippo, one of the most important philosophers and theologians in the foundation of the Western thought. In the 19th century, the philosopher Nietzsche called Christianity "Platonism for the people". Numenius of Apamea viewed this differently, he called Plato the Hellenic Moses. This would justify the superiority of Christianity over Hellenism because Moses predates Platothus the original source of this wisdom is the root of Christianity and not Hellenistic culture.
1. who was a philosopher?
2. where?
3. what did he found?
4. what is that?
5. what was special about it?
6. What makes it difficult to know what he wrote?
7. who was his teacher?
8. who was one of his students?
9. is that the most notable one?
10. what did the three achieve together?
11. what kind?
12. where can Plato's footnotes be found?
13. was he the founder of anything else?
14. what?
15. through what influence?
16. who is that?
17. was he significant?
18. how?
19. Who was a philosopher in the 19th century?
20. what did he say about a certain religion?

Numbered answers:
1. Plato
2. Classical Greece
3. the Academy in Athens
4. an institution of higher learning
5. it was the first in the Western world
6. the oldest extant manuscript dates to around AD 895, 1100 years after he died
7. Socrates
8. Aristotle
9. yes
10. they laid foundations of philosophy and science
11. Western
12. in the European philosophical tradition
13. yes
14. Western religion and spirituality
15. by his influence on Saint Augustine of Hippo
16. a philosophersand theologian
17. yes
18. one of the most important
19. Nietzsche
20. that it was "Platonism for the people"

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Bringing a giraffe into the world is a tall order. A baby giraffe is born 10 feet high and usually lands on its back. Within seconds it rolls over its legs under its body. Then the mother giraffe rudely introduces its children to the reality of life. In his book, A View from the Zoo, Gary Richmond describes how a new-born giraffe learns its first lesson. The mother giraffe lowers her head long enough to take a quick look. Then she puts herself directly over her child. She waits for about a minute, and then she does the most unreasonable thing. She throws her long leg and kicks her baby, so that it's sent sprawling . When it doesn't get up, the process is repeated again and again. The struggle to rise is important. As the baby giraffe grows tired, the mother kicks it again. Finally, it stands for the first time on its shaky legs. Then the mother giraffe kicks it off its feet again. Why? She wants it to remember how it got up. In the wild, a baby giraffe must be able to get up as quickly as possible to stay with its group, where there's safety. Another writer named Irving Stone understood this. He spent a lifetime studying greatness, writing stories about such men as Michelangelo, Vincent van Gogh, Sigmund Freud, and Charles Darwin. Stone was once asked if he had found something that runs through the lives of all these great people. He said, "I write about people who sometime in their life have a dream of something. They're beaten over the head, knocked down and for years they get nowhere. But every time they stand up again. And at the end of their lives they've realized some small parts of what they set out to do ."
1. Who is the author who writes a book about a zoo animal?
2. What animal?
3. What time of life does the book focus on?
4. Does the mother seem to do something mean?
5. What?
6. Why does she do that?
7. Is she trying to hurt her baby?
8. What does she do after the baby gets up the first time?
9. Who wrote a book about greatness?
10. Who was one person that he wrote about?
11. Who else?
12. And another?
13. What did these people have in common?
14. Did those people achieve great things?
15. Did those people have easy lives?
16. How tall is a baby giraffe?
Numbered answers:
1. Gary Richmond
2. giraffe
3. new-born
4. YES
5. She throws her long leg and kicks her baby
6. She wants it to get up
7. no
8. kicks it off its feet again
9. Irving Stone
10. Michelangelo
11. Vincent van Gogh
12. Sigmund Freud
13. they sometime in their life have a dream of something
14. yes
15. no
16. 10 feet