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Consider this step complete if you already have a computer that's less than a few years old. Purchase a new (or refurbished) computer if you don't have a newer computer or if you have the budget to purchase a desktop computer specifically for your recording studio. Get a laptop computer if you need it for other activities; get a desktop if you don't need a computer elsewhere. While there may be a debate within the recording industry, both a Mac or a Windows computer will work in a home recording studio. If you need to upgrade only one item in your computer, upgrade the amount of RAM to the highest amount you can afford. There are a huge number of sound recording software programs on the market. Each program has its pros and cons and each program has its fans and critics. To find the software that works for you, download trial copies of a couple different options. Try each option out and determine which one satisfies all your needs. Some sound recording software is open-source and it's free to download the full version. Try these options out as well, you may find free software that meets all your needs. Two of the most important items in your studio will be your monitors (i.e., speakers). Select the best pair of studio monitors you can afford on your budget. However, keep in mind you can always purchase additional monitors later if needed. If your budget doesn't currently allow for studio monitors, you can get by with just a pair of headphones. However, do not consider headphones a permanent substitute for monitors. Purchase a new studio microphone to include in your recording studio. If you know for certain that you'll be recording more than one voice and/or acoustic instrument at the same time, purchase more than one microphone. Do not forget to also purchase a stand for each microphone; most microphones won't include a stand. Studio microphones do not have to be expensive. There are many good options for less than $150. Be sure to purchase a pop filter that can be used with your specific microphone for voice recordings. Purchase an audio interface that is compatible with your computer. Get an interface that allows for at least 3 inputs (microphone, headphones, and studio monitors). Ensure there is an input port for each microphone you have in your studio, or you'll only be able to record one at a time. Consider buying an audio interface with an ADAT (Alesis Digital Audio Tape) connection. This type of connection will allow you to link multiple interfaces together as your studio grows. Not all the equipment you purchase will include the requisite cables. Bring all your equipment into your recording studio room and lay it out in your configuration of choice. Lay the cables you have on the floor, between the various pieces of equipment to determine which ones you already have and which ones you'll need to buy. Purchase all the cables you need. Look online or at a music store for used cables and accessories to save money.
Obtain a powerful computer to mix your music and sound. Download free trials of sound recording software to test out. Obtain a pair of studio monitors on which to listen to the playback. Invest in a studio microphone to ensure the best sound. Get an audio interface to link all your equipment together. Ensure you have all the necessary cables to connect everything.