Given a passage and a query based on the passage, generate an unambiguous, concise and simple answer to the query from information in the passage. Note that the answer may not be present in exact form.

Input: Consider Input: Fluoride supplements were developed in the 1950s based on the incorrect and outdated notions that (a) fluoride's benefit to teeth comes from being swallowed during childhood, and that (b) children in unfluoridated communities have a deficiency of fluoride intake. For example, the use of a series of four or more topical applications should be considered for a patient with a severe caries problem. Likewise, a reduced topical application time of 30 seconds as opposed to four minutes may be adequate to maintain a patient with little or no current caries activity. Check with your child's doctor for any other special instructions. 1 Your child can eat and drink right after the fluoride varnish is applied. But only give your child soft foods and cold or warm (not hot) foods or liquids. 2 Do not brush or floss teeth for at least 4 to 6 hours. Fluoride varnish is a highly concentrated form of fluoride which is applied to the tooth's surface, by a dentist, dental hygienist or other health care professional, as a type of topical fluoride therapy.[1] It is not a permanent varnish but due to its adherent nature it is able to stay in contact with the tooth surface for several hours. When is Fluoride Varnish not used? Fluoride varnish is not used if there are noticeable sores in the mouth or on the gums. It is also not used if there is an allergy to one of the ingredients in the varnish or to pine nuts. If you have any questions, talk to your doctor or dentist. The first use of adjusted fluoride in water for caries control began in 1945 and 1946 in the United States and Canada, when the fluoride concentration was adjusted in the drinking water supplying four communities (2--5). Water fluoridation reduces cavities in children, while efficacy in adults is less clear. A Cochrane review estimates a reduction in cavities when water fluoridation was used by children who had no access to other sources of fluoride to be 35% in baby teeth and 26% in permanent teeth. The evidence quality was poor. The CDC recommends that in communities where natural fluoride levels are high, parents should give kids water from other sources. The ADA also recognizes that infants need less fluoride than older kids and adults. Some infants may be getting too much fluoride in the water used to reconstitute infant formula. Fluoride supplements can be prescribed for children ages 6 months to 16 years who are at high risk for tooth decay and whose primary drinking water has a low fluoride concentration. 2, 21 Tablets and lozenges are manufactured with 1.0, 0.5, or 0.25 mg fluoride. 2, 3 Most supplements contain sodium fluoride as the active ingredient. 2 To maximize the topical effect of fluoride, tablets and lozenges are intended to be chewed or sucked for 12 minutes before being swallowed; 2, 3, 5 for ... A 1992 census found that, for U.S. public water supply systems reporting the type of compound used, 63% of the population received water fluoridated with fluorosilicic acid, 28% with sodium fluorosilicate, and 9% with sodium fluoride. Query: at what age should fluoride be used

Output: Fluoride supplements should be prescribed for children ages 6 months to 16 years.

Input: Consider Input: However, it's fairly common for a DUI conviction to wash out after five, seven, or ten years. Example: Ernie is a real lush, and he can't seem to stay off the road when he's been drinking. In the past 15 years, he's been convicted of driving under the influence four times, and he just got arrested for another DUI. The good news is that a DWI only stays on your Virginia driving record for 11 years. If someone just is looking at your Virginia driving transcript, then the DWI conviction will only be there for 11 years. Unfortunately, the news is that it will be on your criminal record forever. A Virginia criminal history covers your entire life, so a misdemeanor conviction on your criminal history will be there forever. The good news is that a DWI only stays on your Virginia driving record for 11 years. If someone just is looking at your Virginia driving transcript, then the DWI conviction will only be there for 11 years. That's still a long time, but at least it's not the rest of your life. Photo by: Junior Henry. Quick Answer. In Ohio, prior DUI convictions stay on a criminal record for six years after the conviction when penalties for multiple DUIs are assessed, according to Nolo. The Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles also states that DUI convictions stay on a driver's record for six years with regards to suspension of driving privileges. A: In Ohio, prior DUI convictions stay on a criminal record for six years after the conviction when penalties for multiple DUIs are assessed, according to Nolo. The Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles also states that DUI convictions stay on a driver's record for six years with regards to suspension of driving privileges. How Long Does a First Offense DWI Stay on Your Record? If you're charged with a DUI in Virginia, you need to know that it's a Class 1 misdemeanor. It's the most serious level of misdemeanor there is in Virginia. Fortunately for Ernie, all four of his prior DUI convictions occurred more than seven years ago. So, if Ernie is convicted on his current DUI case, the court will sentence him as a first offender. Some states don't have a washout period for DUI convictions. In these states, all prior DUI convictions count regardless of how long ago they occurred. (Learn about the DUI/DWI laws in your state.) How long will a DUI conviction stay on my record? In other words, for purposes of determining whether my current DUI is a second or subsequent offense, how far back is the court going to look for prior convictions? How long does a DUI stay on your record in Georgia? A: After conviction, a DUI stays on a driver's record in Georgia forever. Drivers get a DUI if they are pulled over and have a blood alcohol count of 0.08 per... Full Answer > How long does a Class B misdemeanor for theft less than $500 stay on your record in Texas? A: According to the Peveto Law office, a Class B misdemeanor conviction in Texas stays on a person's record forever. If a misdemeanor charge is eligible for d... Full Answer > Query: how long does a dui misdemeanor stay on your record

Output: In Ohio, prior DUI convictions stay on a criminal record for six years after the conviction when penalties for multiple DUIs are assessed.

Input: Consider Input: If the Earth didn't rotate, winds would travel either north or south due to differences in temperature and pressure at different latitudes. But since the Earth does rotate, the Coriolis force deflects these winds to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere. Keep Reading Below In the Northern Hemisphere, this deflection causes the wind flow around high pressure systems to go clockwise while flow around low-pressure systems travels counterclockwise. Global winds. Earth's orbit around the sun and its rotation on a tilted axis causes some parts of Earth to receive more solar radiation than others. This uneven heating produces global circulation patterns. offsite link For example, the Since aircraft cover large distances in a short period of time, pilots must also take its influence into account when charting the paths for their flights. For instance, a plane headed from Miami (where the Earth's rotation is more pronounced) to New York would end up in the Atlantic Ocean if the pilot ignored the effects of the Earth's rotation. 1 2 How do temp & salinity affect the formation of deep currents The colder the temp of water is the higher amound of salinity in the water which makes the water more dense Disasters caused by el nino These global wind patterns drive large bodies of air called air masses. Air masses are thousands of feet thick and extend across large areas of the Earth. The location over which an air mass forms will determine its characteristics. For example, air over the tropical ocean becomes exceptionally hot and humid. Global winds. Earth's orbit around the sun and its rotation on a tilted axis causes some parts of Earth to receive more solar radiation than others. This uneven heating produces global circulation patterns.offsite link For example, the abundance of energy reaching the equator produces hot humid air that rises high into the atmosphere. With a high-pressure system, air gets forced outward and the Earth's eastward spin creates a clockwise flow. In the Southern Hemisphere, the opposite takes place: Wind around low-pressure systems circles clockwise while wind around high-pressure systems circles counterclockwise. How do continential deflections affect surface currents The shape of continents affect what direction the surface currents go How does temp affect surface cutrents Warm water currents begin at the equator & cold water currents begin closer to the poles Coriolis effect. As they travel across the Earth, air masses and global winds do not move in straight lines. Similar to a person trying to walk straight across a spinning Merry-Go-Round, winds get deflected from a straight-line path as they blow across the rotating Earth. How do convection currents in the air and water affect thermal energy near the equator Currents near the equator carry warmer water How is the density of ocean water affected by temp & salinity Query: how does earth's rotation affect the paths of global winds?
Output: Earth's orbit around the sun and its rotation on a tilted axis causes some parts of Earth to receive more solar radiation than others. This uneven heating produces global circulation patterns.