You are given a paragraph, with numbered sentences, and a question. Write the numbers of the sentences needed to answer the given question. Separate multiple sentence numbers with a comma (", "). E.g. "1, 2" would be the correct response if Sent 1 and Sent 2 are needed to answer the given question (do not include sentences that contain no information that is necessary to answer the question). Sort the sentence numbers in an increasing order (i.e., '1, 2', instead of '2, 1'). Your answer should not contain anything than the sentence numbers separated by a comma (e.g. '1, 2, 3, 4'). The given question requires more than one sentence to answer. So, your answer must contain at least one comma (", ").

Q: Paragraph- Sent 1: Triumph and Disaster: The 20th century saw a stupendous release of energies that had been pent up for the 250 years of Tokugawa isolation.
Sent 2: By 1930 raw-material production had tripled the figure of 1900, manufactured goods had increased twelve-fold, and heavy industry was galloping towards maturity.
Sent 3: Britain led the World War I allies in large orders for munitions, while Japan expanded sales of manufactured goods to Asian and other markets cut off from their usual European suppliers.
Sent 4: Merchant shipping doubled in size and increased its income ten-fold as the European fleets were destroyed.
Sent 5: Setbacks in the 1930s caused by the European postwar slump were only a spur to redouble efforts by diversifying heavy industry into the machine-making, metallurgical, and chemical sectors.
Sent 6: Even the terrible 1923 Tokyo earthquake, which cost over 100,000 lives and billions of dollars, provided another stimulus due to the construction boom that followed.
Sent 7: Riding the crest of this economic upsurge were the zaibatsu conglomeratesa dozen family-run combines, each involved in mining, manufacturing, marketing, shipping, and banking.
Sent 8: These tightly controlled commercial pyramids were the true heirs to the old feudal structures.
Sent 9: Japan's progress toward parliamentary democracy was halted in the 1930s by the growing nationalism being imposed on government by the generals and admirals.
Sent 10: They proclaimed Japan's mission to bring progress to its backward Asian neighbors in language not so very different from that of the Europeans in Africa or the US in Latin America.
Sent 11: After the Russian Revolution of 1917, the Soviet Union was regarded as a major threat to Japan's security, and the army felt it needed Manchuria and whatever other Chinese territory it could control as a buffer against Russian advances.
Sent 12: In 1931 the Japanese occupied Manchuria.
Sent 13: And then in 1937, with the popular support of ultra-right-wing groups, the army overrode parliamentary resistance in Tokyo and went to war against the Chinese Nationalists.
Sent 14: By 1938, they held Nanking, Hankow, and Canton.
Sent 15: Japanese expansionist policies were leading to direct confrontation with the West.
Sent 16: Japan hoped that war in Europe would divert the Soviet Union from interference in East Asia, giving Japan a free hand both in China and, through its alliance with Germany, in French Indochina after the defeat of France.
Sent 17: The US responded to the Japanese invasion of Indochina with a trade and fuel embargo, cutting off 90 percent of Japan's supplies.
Sent 18: The result was the attack on the American fleet at Pearl Harbor (7 December 1941) and total war.
Question: What act against Japan resulted in the attack on Pearl Harbor?.

A: 17.
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Q: Paragraph- Sent 1: Starting from Scratch: Whoever first stepped ashore on Madeira discovered no signs of previous habitationno Stone-Age natives, as the Spanish found on the Canary Islands, and no mysterious monuments to the past, as on the Balearics.
Sent 2: Occupation of Madeira began in the early 1420s as a decidedly minimalist project: colonists arrived with only as much as they could carry from mainland Portugal.
Sent 3: They found plenty of water pouring down from the mountains, and more timber than anyone knew what to do with.
Sent 4: So they set about clearing the land for agriculture, setting fire to massive tracts of forest.
Sent 5: Legend says that a great fire burned for seven years on the island, leveling it of all its trees.
Sent 6: The fire provided the soil with a rich ash fertilizer, which complemented the luxuriant growing conditions of tropical sun and plentiful water.
Sent 7: The Portuguese saw valuable economic opportunity in their new possession and ordered Malvasia grapes from Crete and sugar cane from Italy in an effort to seed the island's first cash crops.
Sent 8: The project was not a simple one.
Sent 9: Colonists had to locate enough level ground to grow crops on and solve the issue of irrigating them.
Sent 10: Brute strength, without aid of machinery, carved flat surfaces out of the mountains, and settlers built the terracesstill seen todayon the steep slopes.
Sent 11: The problem of watering crops was solved by the irrigation system known as levadassimply-designed water channels that wound down from water sources on the verdant mountain tops.
Sent 12: The levadas were largely built by slave laborers from Africa, whose primary employment was on sugar plantations.
Sent 13: New Madeirans traded sugar, the era's dominant luxury item, with Britain and Flanders, and they proved skillful in the art of winemaking.
Sent 14: The island's burgeoning economic significance propelled population growth, and by the middle of the 15th century Madeira was home to 800 families.
Sent 15: A 1514 census recorded 5,000 inhabitants.
Sent 16: In 1478 Madeira welcomed a visitor who would greatly assist the island's future wine trade.
Sent 17: Christopher Columbus, not yet a sailor of any renown, sailed to Madeira on an assignment to buy sugar cane.
Sent 18: His sojourn was unsuccessful, as money failed to arrive for part of the shipment.
Question: According to the census taken in 1514, what was the total population and total number of families in Madeira?.

A: 15, 16.
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Q: Paragraph- Sent 1: Once upon a time I had a dog named Toodles.
Sent 2: He was black and white and had long floppy ears.
Sent 3: He also had very short legs, but really big paws.
Sent 4: Every Saturday we would go to the park and play Toodles' favorite game.
Sent 5: Toodles loved playing fetch.
Sent 6: One Saturday, Toodles ran over to the pond because he saw ducks swimming there.
Sent 7: He ran all around the pond, barking at the ducks.
Sent 8: The ducks ignored him, and kept swimming.
Sent 9: Toodles wasn't having it!
Sent 10: He jumped into the pond and started swimming toward the ducks, chasing around his new playmates.
Sent 11: One of the ducks, braver than the others, poked Toodles with his beak - and then bit him right on one of his floppy ears!
Sent 12: Toodles barked and ran out of the pond because the duck hurt his ear.
Sent 13: Soaking wet, he ran toward where I was eating a sandwich on the grass and curled right up in my lap so I could make him feel better.
Sent 14: After that, whenever he would see a duck, Toodles would run the other way.
Question: How did Toodles play with the ducks?.

A:
7, 10.
****