Q: The region, as part of Lorraine, was part of the Holy Roman Empire, and then was gradually annexed by France in the 17th century, and formalized as one of the provinces of France. The Calvinist manufacturing republic of Mulhouse, known as Stadtrepublik Mulhausen, became a part of Alsace after a vote by its citizens on 4 January 1798. Alsace is frequently mentioned with and as part of Lorraine and the former duchy of Lorraine, since it was a vital part of the duchy, and later because German possession as the imperial province (Alsace-Lorraine, 18711918) was contested in the 19th and 20th centuries; France and Germany exchanged control of parts of Lorraine (including Alsace) four times in 75 years.

With the decline of the Roman Empire, Alsace became the territory of the Germanic Alemanni. The Alemanni were agricultural people, and their Germanic language formed the basis of modern-day dialects spoken along the Upper Rhine (Alsatian, Alemannian, Swabian, Swiss). Clovis and the Franks defeated the Alemanni during the 5th century AD, culminating with the Battle of Tolbiac, and Alsace became part of the Kingdom of Austrasia. Under Clovis' Merovingian successors the inhabitants were Christianized. Alsace remained under Frankish control until the Frankish realm, following the Oaths of Strasbourg of 842, was formally dissolved in 843 at the Treaty of Verdun; the grandsons of Charlemagne divided the realm into three parts. Alsace formed part of the Middle Francia, which was ruled by the youngest grandson Lothar I. Lothar died early in 855 and his realm was divided into three parts. The part known as Lotharingia, or Lorraine, was given to Lothar's son. The rest was shared between Lothar's brothers Charles the Bald (ruler of the West Frankish realm) and Louis the German (ruler of the East Frankish realm). The Kingdom of Lotharingia was short-lived, however, becoming the stem duchy of Lorraine in Eastern Francia after the Treaty of Ribemont in 880. Alsace was united with the other Alemanni east of the Rhine into the stem duchy of Swabia.

Answer the following questions:
1. What was the region a part of?
2. WHat was known as Stadtrepublk?
3. What happened to it in January 1793?
4. how?
5. by who?
6. when?
7. Who had control over it?
8. at the same time?
9. then how?
10. of what?
11. 6 times?
12. how many?
13. in how long?
14. What happened during the decline of the roman empire?
15. What type of people lived there?
16. What happened to their language?
17. Who were Lothar's brothers?
18. When did he die?
19. How was his realm divided?
20. What was given to his son?
A: 1. Lorraine,
2. The Calvinist manufacturing republic of Mulhouse
3. became a part of Alsace
4. a vote
5. its citizens
6. 4 January 179
7. France and Germany
8. no
9. exchanged control
10. parts of Lorraine
11. no
12. Four
13. 75 years
14. Alsace became the territory of the Germanic Alemanni
15. agricultural
16. formed the basis of modern-day dialects
17. Charles the Bald
18. 855
19. into three parts
20. Lotharingia, or Lorraine
Q: New Spain () was a colonial territory of the Spanish Empire in the New World north of the Isthmus of Panama. It was established following the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521, and following additional conquests, it was made a viceroyalty (Spanish: "virreinato") in 1535. The first of four viceroyalties Spain created in the Americas, it comprised Mexico, Central America, much of the Southwestern and Central United States, and Spanish Florida as well as the Philippines, Guam, Mariana and Caroline Islands.

After 1535 the colony was governed by the Viceroy of New Spain, an appointed minister of the King of Spain, who ruled as monarch over the colony from its capital, Mexico City. New Spain lost parts of its territory to other European powers and independence, but the core area remained under Spanish control until 1821, when it achieved independence as the Mexican Empire when the latter dissolved, it became modern Mexico and Central America.

New Spain developed highly regional divisions, reflecting the impact of climate, topography, the presence or absence of dense indigenous populations, and the presence or absence of mineral resources. The areas of central and southern Mexico had dense indigenous populations with complex social, political, and economic organization. The northern area of Mexico, a region of nomadic and semi-nomadic indigenous populations, was not generally conducive to dense settlements, but the discovery of silver in Zacatecas in the 1540s drew settlement there to exploit the mines. Silver mining not only became the engine of the economy of New Spain, but vastly enriched Spain and transformed the global economy. New Spain was the New World terminus of the Philippine trade, making the viceroyalty a vital link between Spain's New World empire and its Asian empire.

Answer the following questions:
1. Did the northern area of Mexico have a small population?
2. Did the Southern and central area of Mexico have a complex social and economic
3. Did the central and southern areas of Mexico have a small population?
4. Did the Northern area of Mexico have many cities and settlements?
5. What mineral was found there?
6. When?
7. Where specifically?
8. Who controlled New Spain beginning in 1521?
9. How many centuries did they retain control for?
10. Was the land in New Spain similar throughout the whole area?
11. What person appointed the Viceroy of New Spain in 1535?
12. Where did the Viceroy of New Spain rule from?
13. Was this the capital?
14. The region that became the Mexican empire in 1821, became what when it was later dissolved?
A:
1. yes
2. yes
3. no
4. no
5. silver
6. in the 1540s
7. Zacatecas
8. the Spanish
9. three
10. no
11. the King of Spain
12. Mexico City
13. yes
14. Mexico and Central America