The turnover rate formula is (Employee separations for the period) / (Average number of employees during the period). Some businesses use the word "termination" instead of separation. Both terms refer to a worker leaving the company. Separations can be voluntary or involuntary. A voluntary separation refers to an employee who retires or resigns. In both instances, the worker is making the decision to leave. For example, if Bob is 65 years old and decides to retire, his departure his considered a voluntary separation. When employees are dismissed, that action is considered an involuntary separation. A layoff is also categorized as an involuntary separation event. For example, if Joe is dismissed from the firm after a series of poor performance reviews, his departure is considered an involuntary separation Most businesses calculate the turnover rate at least annually. You can calculate the rate for a shorter period of time, such as a fiscal quarter (3 months). Assume that your total number of workers is 1,000 on January 1st. By December 31 of the same year, the total is 1,200. Your total employee separations for the year is 50. Your average number of employees for the year is (1,000 + 1,200)/ 2 = 1,100 workers. Your turnover rate is (50 separations) / (1,100 average number of workers) = 4.6% (with rounding). That comparison will help you assess how well you supervise and manage employees. The turnover rate also has a big impact on your costs. Say, for example, that you manage a fast food restaurant. This industry normally sees a 30% annual turnover rate. You determine that your restaurant has a 15% turnover rate for the year. Your rate is much lower than the industry average. The lower rate is an indication that you're managing your staff effectively. If the restaurant had a 50% turnover rate, you need to find out why. If your rate is higher than the industry average, you may not be managing or selecting workers effectively. Your turnover rate is higher than expected. Something is not working properly and that issue needs to be addressed. Workers leave your firm for different reasons. If you know why people are leaving your firm, you may be able to take steps to reduce your rate of turnover. Reducing the turnover rate can save you time and money. If the 50 separations in the example are dismissals, they may occur throughout the year. There may not be a specific event that drives dismissals, however there is sometimes a specific cause, such as hiring under-qualified workers. You'll need to analyze the problem before coming to a conclusion. This is also true of resignations. While you can't control retirements, you can take steps to reduce dismissals and resignations. Analyze how you hire, manage, and counsel your employees. See if you can make changes to reduce turnover. The 50 separations could be due to a single layoff due to lost business. Losing business may be a sales and marketing issue instead of a human resources issue. In this case, the changes you need to make are not related closely to managing people.

Summary: Learn the turnover rate formula. Calculate turnover for your firm. Compare your turnover rate with the rates in your industry. Analyze the reasons why people leave the company.

Lots of makeup on your face can make it hard to focus on your truly good features. Beauty experts have long adhered to a principle credited to Coco Chanel: remove one thing from your look. It's easy to get carried away with makeup and lose your best features in a sea of product; less might be the cuter option in your case.

Summary: Beware of unnecessary additions.

. For a project as large as a staircase, you will likely need to rent a small cement mixer. Follow the directions on your bagged concrete mix to determine how much water you need to add. Smaller projects, like building a single step, might be possible without a cement mixer. You could mix your concrete by hand in a wheelbarrow. Another alternative is to create a mixing box (also called a mortar box) by using scrap/low-grade wood to create a makeshift reservoir where you can mix your concrete. Add colorant to your concrete before mixing it to permanently change the color. . Transfer the concrete into your form with a shovel, wheelbarrow, or (for larger projects) the funnel that came with your cement mixer. If you are using a wheelbarrow, you might construct an earthen ramp so you can wheel your cement up to the lip of the form and tip in the concrete. Lay a screeding tool, like a long trowel or long wooden plank, flat along the top parts of your form and, working from uphill to downhill, work your tool along the form to flatten and smooth the concrete. Once you are finished screeding, your concrete should start looking more like the finished product. If you use a wooden plank or board, it should be as straight as possible and free of warping and other irregularities. These can create gouges or leave the surface of your concrete uneven. . Floating involves pressing a flat surface along the top of the concrete to cause the "cream" (the gravel-free part of the concrete) to come to the surface. A bull float tool is ideal for this process, though it might not be necessary for smaller projects. Smaller projects might only require the use of a handheld magnesium float. These kind of floats are extremely durable and are designed to slide across the surface of your still-liquid concrete easily. To use a bull float, push it away from you across the top of the concrete while keeping the back end of the float slightly elevated, then pull the float back towards yourself, keeping the front end slightly elevated. Float the entire surface of your concrete thoroughly. If you have used a bull float, you should use a handheld magnesium float to go over the surface once again when finished. Use long, sweeping motions for best results. At this point, it is not uncommon to see water bleed to the surface of the concrete. Drag a stiff-bristled push broom across the surface of your concrete to create fine grooves in the surface. Smooth concrete can be very slippery, which can be especially dangerous for concrete steps. Use light pressure when doing this; grooves that are too deep will cause water to puddle on the concrete, and could compromise its integrity. If you notice clumps of cement forming on your broom, this is generally a sign that you are adding traction too soon. Smooth the concrete once more with your handheld magnesium floater, and wait until later to brush your surface. Wait to do this until the concrete has dried enough that you no longer see water seeping (or "bleeding") out onto the surface. Otherwise, brushing will result in grooves that are too deep. You should always follow the directions the supplies you use, especially since different kinds of concrete will have different specifications. Generally, concrete takes 28 days to fully cure. You can improve the curing process by applying a concrete sealer after pouring the concrete. Follow the directions on your sealer for best results. You should be able to remove your forms after a single day. Carefully remove your screws and take apart your form. After a few days, your concrete will be strong enough to walk on, though not fully cured. Enjoy your new concrete steps!
Summary: Mix your concrete Pour the concrete Screed (flatten) the surface of your concrete. Float your concrete Brush your concrete for improved traction. Allow your concrete to cure.