Q: "A woman painting henna tattoos on another female." Does this mean that "The woman is painting."?
A: yes

Q: "A girl in a blue two piece bathing suit at the beach." Does this mean that "A girl is wearing blue."?
A: yes

Q: "Three men are wearing native clothing and playing instruments." Does this mean that "People are wearing clothing."?
A: yes

Q: "Two people are walking through the desert." Does this mean that "Two people hoping to come across some water really soon walk through the desert."?
A:
it is not possible to tell