Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Humans possess greater diversity of what type, compared to laboratory animals? A:
OPTIONS:
- lifespans
- elements
- pathogens
- genetics
Answer: genetics

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Volume measures the amount of space that a substance or an object takes up. The basic SI unit for volume is the cubic meter (m 3 ). Q: What is a measure of the amount of space a substance or an object takes up? A:
OPTIONS:
- speed
- density
- mass
- volume
output: volume

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Chondrichthyes: Cartilaginous Fishes The clade Chondrichthyes is diverse, consisting of sharks (Figure 29.11), rays, and skates, together with sawfishes and a few dozen species of fishes called chimaeras, or "ghost" sharks. " Chondrichthyes are jawed fishes that possess paired fins and a skeleton made of cartilage. This clade arose approximately 370 million years ago in the early or middle Devonian. They are thought to be descended from the placoderms, which had skeletons made of bone; thus, the cartilaginous skeleton of Chondrichthyes is a later development. Parts of shark skeleton are strengthened by granules of calcium carbonate, but this is not the same as bone. Most cartilaginous fishes live in marine habitats, with a few species living in fresh water for a part or all of their lives. Most sharks are carnivores that feed on live prey, either swallowing it whole or using their jaws and teeth to tear it into smaller pieces. Shark teeth likely evolved from the jagged scales that cover their skin, called placoid scales. Some species of sharks and rays are suspension feeders that feed on plankton. Q: Shark teeth likely evolved from the jagged scales that cover their skin, called what? A:

OPTIONS:
- heterotroph scales
- hook scales
- pinworm scales
- placoid scales

A: placoid scales

input: OPTIONS:
- direction of power
- direction of work
- direction of friction
- direction of force Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Some machines change the direction of the force applied by the user. They may or may not also change the strength of the force or the distance over which the force is applied. Two examples of machines that work this way are the claw ends of hammers and flagpole pulleys. You can see in the Figure below how each of these machines works. In both cases, the direction of the force applied by the user is reversed by the machine. Q: Claw ends of hammers and flagpole pulleys are examples of simple machines that reverse what? A:
A:
output: direction of force

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Good conductors have large numbers of free charges in them. In metals, the free charges are free electrons. Figure 20.6 shows how free electrons move through an ordinary conductor. The distance that an individual electron can move between collisions with atoms or other electrons is quite small. The electron paths thus appear nearly random, like the motion of atoms in a gas. But there is an electric field in the conductor that causes the electrons to drift in the direction shown (opposite to the field, since they are negative). The drift velocity v d is the average velocity of the free charges. Drift velocity is quite small, since there are so many free charges. If we have an estimate of the density of free electrons in a conductor, we can calculate the drift velocity for a given current. The larger the density, the lower the velocity required for a given current. Q: Why is the drift velocity negligible? A:

OPTIONS:
- shows free charges
- less free charges
- need free charges
- many free charges

Answer: many free charges

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: So how is the blood kept from flowing back on itself? Valves ( Figure below ) in the heart keep the blood flowing in one direction. The valves do this by opening and closing in one direction only. Blood only moves forward through the heart. The valves stop the blood from flowing backward. There are four valves of the heart. Q: How many valves are in the heart? A:

OPTIONS:
- one
- six
- two
- four

A:
four