TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: The attenuated total reflection type of this can be used on compounds with a low surface area, while the diffuse reflectance type can be used to study samples that are not sufficiently transparent. The multiplex advantage explains the use of the Fourier Transform type of this. Diatomic bonds are generally not found in the fingerprint region, and the stretching seen using this technique generally occurs at higher frequencies than the bending. Most types of this use some sort of absorption, because each bond in the molecule will absorb only its characteristic frequency. For 10 points, name this type of analytical technique, which categorizes compounds based on the frequency of the vibration of its bonds when exposed to radiation of waves longer than those of visible light.

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: is an art zone in this country, which is home to an artist who filled the Tate Modern with millions of ceramic sunflower seeds. A really long panoramic painting from here follows a river upstream from a rural to urban setting and depicts daily life during a spring festival. Birds and flowers name a genre of landscape painting from this country, where an assembly line using eight basic face molds was used to create thousands of life-size ceramic sculptures. That sculptural collection is still only partially excavated. For 10 points, name this country home to Ai Weiwei and the Terracotta Army.

SOLUTION: Fine Arts

PROBLEM: One of sect of this school of thought emphasizes the shikantaza practice, and one important practice in this school of thought is kensho. Its branches include Obaku, while another of its branches was founded by Dogen. Texts important to this religion include the Blue Cliff Record and The Gateless Gate, and its origin can be traced back to the Flower Sermon. Its Soto and Rinzai sects differ on the emphasis over meditation on koans. For 10 points, name this branch of Mahayana Buddhism commonly practiced in Japan.

SOLUTION:
Social Science