instruction:
In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Preserving Rehabilitation Innovation
Centers Act of 2016''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress makes the following findings:
(1) In the United States, there are an estimated 1,181
inpatient rehabilitation facilities. Among these facilities is
a small group of inpatient rehabilitation institutions that are
contributing to the future of rehabilitation care medicine, as
well as to patient recovery, scientific innovation, and quality
of life.
(2) This unique category of inpatient rehabilitation
institutions treats the most complex patient conditions, such
as traumatic brain injury, stroke, spinal cord injury,
childhood disease, burns, and wartime injuries.
(3) These leading inpatient rehabilitation institutions are
all not-for-profit or Government-owned institutions and serve a
high volume of Medicare or Medicaid beneficiaries.
(4) These leading inpatient rehabilitation institutions
have been recognized by the Federal Government for their
contributions to cutting-edge research to develop solutions
that enhance quality of care, improve patient outcomes, and
reduce health care costs.
(5) These leading inpatient rehabilitation institutions
help to improve the practice and standard of rehabilitation
medicine across the Nation in urban, suburban, and rural
communities by training physicians, medical students, and other
clinicians, and providing care to patients from all 50 States.
(6) It is vital that these leading inpatient rehabilitation
institutions are supported so they can continue to lead the
Nation's efforts to--
(A) advance integrated, multidisciplinary
rehabilitation research;
(B) provide cutting-edge medical care to the most
complex rehabilitation patients;
(C) serve as education and training facilities for
the physicians, nurses, and other health professionals
who serve rehabilitation patients;
(D) ensure Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries
receive state-of-the-art, high-quality rehabilitation
care by developing and disseminating best practices and
advancing the quality of care utilized by post-acute
providers in all 50 States; and
(E) support other inpatient rehabilitation
institutions in rural areas to help ensure access to
quality post-acute care for patients living in these
communities.

SEC. 3. STUDY AND REPORT RELATING TO THE COSTS INCURRED BY, AND THE
MEDICARE PAYMENTS MADE TO, REHABILITATION INNOVATION
CENTERS.

(a) In General.--Section 1886(j) of the Social Security Act (42
U.S.C. 1395ww(j)) is amended--
(1) by redesignating paragraph (8) as paragraph (9); and
(2) by inserting after paragraph (7) the following new
paragraph:
''(8) Study and report relating to the costs incurred by,
and the medicare payments made to, rehabilitation innovation
centers.--
''(A) Study.--The Secretary shall conduct a study
to assess the costs incurred by rehabilitation
innovation centers (as defined in subparagraph (C))
that are beyond the prospective rate for each of the
following activities:
''(i) Furnishing items and services to
individuals under this title.
''(ii) Conducting research.
''(iii) Providing medical training.
''(B) Report.--Not later than July 1, 2019, the
Secretary shall submit to Congress a report containing
the results of the study under subparagraph (A),
together with recommendations for such legislation and
administrative action as the Secretary determines
appropriate.
''(C) Rehabilitation innovation center defined.--
''(i) In general.--In this paragraph, the
term 'rehabilitation innovation center' means a
rehabilitation facility that, determined as of
the date of the enactment of this paragraph, is
described in clause (ii) or clause (iii).
''(ii) Not-for-profit.--A rehabilitation
facility described in this clause is a facility
that--
''(I) is classified as a not-for-
profit entity under the IRF Rate
Setting File for the Correction Notice
for the Inpatient Rehabilitation
Facility Prospective Payment System for
Federal Fiscal Year 2012 (78 Fed. Reg.
59256);
''(II) holds at least one Federal
rehabilitation research and training
designation for research projects on
traumatic brain injury, spinal cord
injury, or stroke rehabilitation
research from the Rehabilitation
Research and Training Centers or the
Rehabilitation Engineering Research
Center at the National Institute on
Disability and Rehabilitation Research
at the Department of Education, based
on such data submitted to the Secretary
by a facility, in a form, manner, and
time frame specified by the Secretary;
''(III) has a minimum Medicare case
mix index of 1.1144 for fiscal year
2012 according to the IRF Rate Setting
File described in subclause (I); and
''(IV) had at least 300 Medicare
discharges or at least 200 Medicaid
discharges in a prior year as
determined by the Secretary.
''(iii) Government-owned.--A rehabilitation
facility described in this clause is a facility
that--
''(I) is classified as a
Government-owned institution under the
IRF Rate Setting File described in
clause (ii)(I);
''(II) holds at least one Federal
rehabilitation research and training
designation for research projects on
traumatic brain injury, spinal cord
injury, or stroke rehabilitation
research from the Rehabilitation
Research and Training Centers, the
Rehabilitation Engineering Research
Center, or the Model Spinal Cord Injury
Systems at the National Institute on
Disability and Rehabilitation Research
at the Department of Education, based
on such data submitted to the Secretary
by a facility, in a form, manner, and
time frame specified by the Secretary;
''(III) has a minimum Medicare case
mix index of 1.1144 for 2012 according
to the IRF Rate Setting File described
in clause (ii)(I); and
''(IV) has a Medicare
disproportionate share hospital (DSH)
percentage of at least 0.6300 according
to the IRF Rate Setting File described
in clause (ii)(I)).''.

Passed the Senate December 10 (legislative day, December
9), 2016.

Attest:

Secretary.
114th CONGRESS

2d Session

S. 1168

_______________________________________________________________________

AN ACT

To amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to preserve access to
rehabilitation innovation centers under the Medicare program.
answer:
Preserving Rehabilitation Innovation Centers Act of 2016 This bill amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to direct the Department of Health and Human Services to conduct a study to assess the costs incurred by rehabilitation innovation centers that are beyond the prospective rates for each of the following activities: (1) furnishing items and services to individuals under Medicare; (2) conducting research; and (3) providing medical training.

question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Interstate Transportation of
Municipal Waste Act of 1993''.

SEC. 2. INTERSTATE TRANSPORTATION OF MUNICIPAL WASTE.

Subtitle D of the Solid Waste Disposal Act (42 U.S.C. 6941 et seq.)
is amended by adding at the end the following new section:

''interstate transportation of municipal waste

''Sec. 4011. (a) Authority To Restrict Out-of-State Municipal Waste
Imports.--
''(1) Authority to prohibit.--(A) Except as provided in
subparagraph (B), a Governor may prohibit the disposal of out-
of-State municipal waste in any landfill or incinerator that is
subject to the jurisdiction of the Governor.
''(B) The authority to prohibit disposal of out-of-State
municipal waste shall not apply to--
''(i) landfills in operation on the date of
enactment of this section that--
''(I) received during calendar year 1991
documented shipments of out-of-State municipal
waste; and
''(II) are in compliance with all
applicable Federal and State laws (including
any Federal or State rule or regulation)
relating to design and location standards,
leachate collection, ground water monitoring,
and financial assurance for closure and post-
closure and corrective action;
''(ii) proposed landfills that, prior to January 1,
1993, received--
''(I) an approval from either the affected
local government or the local solid waste
planning unit to receive municipal waste
generated outside the jurisdiction of the
affected local government, the solid waste
planning unit, or the State in which the
landfill is located; and
''(II) a notice of decision from the State
to grant a construction permit; or
''(iii) incinerators in operation on the date of
enactment of this section that--
''(I) received, during calendar year 1991,
documented shipments of out-of-State municipal
waste;
''(II) are in compliance with the
applicable requirements of section 129 of the
Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7429); and
''(III) are in compliance with all
applicable Federal and State laws (including
any Federal or State rule or regulation)
relating to facility design, operations, and
emissions.
''(2) Authority to limit.--Beginning with calendar year
1993, a Governor may--
''(A) limit the quantity of out-of-State municipal
waste received for disposal at each landfill or
incinerator in the State to an annual quantity equal to
the quantity of out-of-State municipal waste received
for disposal at the landfill or incinerator during the
calendar year 1991 or 1992, whichever is less; and
''(B) limit the disposal of out-of-State municipal
waste at each landfill or incinerator in the State that
received, during calendar year 1991 or 1992, documented
shipments of more than 50,000 tons of out-of-State
municipal waste representing more than 30 percent of
all municipal waste received at the landfill or
incinerator during the calendar year, by limiting the
quantity of out-of-State municipal waste received for
disposal at such landfill or incinerator to an annual
quantity not greater than 30 percent of all municipal
waste received at the landfill or incinerator during
calendar year 1991 or 1992, whichever is less;
''(C) prohibit the disposal of out-of-State
municipal waste in landfills that do not meet all
applicable Federal and State laws (including any
Federal or State rule or regulation) relating to design
and location standards, leachate collection, ground
water monitoring, and financial assurance for closure
and post-closure and corrective action; and
''(D) prohibit the disposal of out-of-State
municipal waste in incinerators that do not meet all
applicable Federal and State laws (including any
Federal or State rule or regulation) relating to
facility design, operations, and emissions.
''(3) Authority to further limit.--Beginning with calendar
year 1997, a Governor may further limit the disposal of out-of-
State municipal waste as provided in paragraph (2)(B) by
reducing the 30 percent annual quantity limitation to 20
percent in each of calendar years 1998 and 1999, and to 10
percent in each succeeding calendar year.
''(4) Authority with respect to industrial waste.--A
Governor may exercise the authority provided in paragraphs (1),
(2), and (3) with respect to any industrial waste that is to be
disposed of at a landfill or incinerator that receives
municipal solid waste.
''(5) Applicability and discrimination provisions.--Any
limitation imposed by the Governor under paragraph (2)(A),
paragraph (2)(B), or paragraph (3)--
''(A) shall be applicable throughout the State; and
''(B) shall not discriminate against any shipments
of out-of-State municipal waste on the basis of State
of origin.
''(6) Determination of quantity of out-of-state municipal
waste received in states exercising authority.--(A) Any
Governor who intends to exercise the authority provided in this
subsection shall, within 120 days after the date of enactment
of this section, submit to the Administrator information
documenting the quantity of out-of-State municipal waste
received for disposal in the State of the Governor during
calendar years 1991 and 1992.
''(B) On receipt of the information submitted pursuant to
subparagraph (A), the Administrator shall notify the Governor
of each State and the public and shall provide a comment period
of not less than 30 days.
''(C) Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment
of this section, the Administrator shall publish a list of the
quantity of out-of-State municipal waste that was received
during calendar years 1991 and 1992, at each landfill and
incinerator in each State in which the Governor intends to
exercise the authority provided in this subsection.
''(b) Authority To Restrict In-State Municipal Waste Exports.--(1)
Except as provided in paragraph (2), a Governor of a State may limit or
prohibit the exportation outside the State of municipal waste generated
in the State, in accordance with the comprehensive waste management
plan of the affected local solid waste planning unit, or, if such a
plan does not exist, in accordance with State law.
''(2) A Governor may not limit or prohibit the exportation of
materials consisting solely of materials that have been separated from
municipal waste for recycling.
''(c) Delegation of Authority to Local Governments.--A Governor may
delegate authority provided by subsection (a) or (b), or both, to an
affected local government or to a local solid waste planning unit, if a
local solid waste planning unit exists under State law.
''(d) Designation of Affected Local Government.--Within 90 days
after the date of the enactment of this section, the Governor shall
designate which entity listed in subsection (e)(1) shall serve as the
affected local government for actions taken under subsections (a) and
(b). If the Governor fails to make a designation, the affected local
government for actions taken under this section shall be the city,
town, borough, county, parish, or other political subdivision created
pursuant to State law with primary jurisdiction over the land or the
use of the land on which the landfill or incinerator concerned is
located.
''(e) Definitions.--For purposes of this section:
''(1) The term 'affected local government' means the
elected officials of the city, town, borough, county, parish,
or other political subdivision in which a landfill or
incinerator is located.
''(2) The term 'affected local solid waste planning unit'
means a political subdivision of a State with authority
relating to solid waste management planning in accordance with
State law.
''(3) The term 'out-of-State municipal waste' means, with
respect to a State, municipal waste generated outside of the
State. The term includes municipal waste generated outside of
the United States.
''(4) The term 'municipal waste' means refuse (and refuse-
derived fuel) generated by the general public or from a
residential, commercial, institutional, or industrial source
(or any combination thereof), consisting of paper, wood, yard
wastes, plastics, leather, rubber, or other combustible or
noncombustible materials such as metal or glass (or any
combination thereof). The term does not include--
''(A) any solid waste identified or listed as a
hazardous waste under section 3001;
''(B) any solid waste, including contaminated soil
and debris, resulting from a response action taken
under section 104 or 106 of the Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
(42 U.S.C. 9604 or 9606) or a corrective action taken
under this Act;
''(C) any metal, pipe, glass, plastic, paper,
textile, or other material that has been separated or
diverted from municipal waste and has been transported
into the State for the purpose of recycling or
reclamation;
''(D) any solid or industrial waste that is--
''(i) generated by an industrial facility;
and
''(ii) transported for the purpose of
treatment, storage, or disposal to a facility
that is owned or operated by the generator of
the waste, or is located on property owned by
the generator of a company with which the
generator is affiliated;
''(E) any solid waste generated incident to the
provision of service in interstate, intrastate,
foreign, or overseas air transportation;
''(F) any medical waste that is segregated from or
not mixed with municipal waste; or
''(G) any material or product returned from a
dispenser or distributor to the manufacturer for
credit, evaluation, or possible reuse.
''(5) The term 'industrial waste' means waste generated
from manufacturing or industrial processing operations that is
not identical to municipal waste with respect to the physical
and chemical state of the waste and the composition of the
waste. The term includes construction and demolition debris.''.

SEC. 3. TABLE OF CONTENTS AMENDMENT.

The table of contents of the Solid Waste Disposal Act is amended by
adding at the end of the items relating to subtitle D the following new
item:

''Sec. 4011. Interstate transportation of municipal waste.''.
answer:
Interstate Transportation of Municipal Waste Act of 1993 - Amends the Solid Waste Disposal Act to authorize a State Governor to prohibit the disposal of out-of-State municipal waste in any landfill or incinerator in the State.
Exempts from a Governor's authority to prohibit the disposal of out-of-State waste: (1) landfills that received documented shipments of such waste in 1991 and are in compliance with Federal and State laws relating to design and location standards, leachate collection, groundwater monitoring, and financial assurance for closure and post-closure and corrective action; (2) proposed landfills that, prior to January 1, 1993, received an approval from the affected local government or solid waste planning unit to receive municipal waste generated outside the jurisdiction of the local government, planning unit, or State and a State notice of decision to grant a construction permit; or (3) incinerators that received documented shipments of such waste during 1991 and are in compliance with performance standards under the Clean Air Act and Federal and State laws relating to facility design, operations, and emissions.
Authorizes State Governors, beginning in 1993, to further limit the quantity of out-of-State waste received for disposal, or the disposal of such waste, at specified landfills and incinerators. Applies the authorities of this Act to industrial waste to be disposed of at landfills or incinerators that receive municipal solid waste.
Prohibits discrimination against shipments of out-of-State waste on the basis of State of origin.
Authorizes a State Governor to limit or prohibit the exportation outside the State of municipal waste generated within the State.

question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Cheaper Car Insurance Act of 2010''.

SEC. 2. AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE FRAUD.

(a) In General.--Chapter 47 of title 18, United States Code, is
amended by inserting at the end the following:

''SEC. 1041. AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE FRAUD.

''(a) In General.--
''(1) Whoever knowingly commits automobile insurance fraud
shall be punished as provided in subsection (b).
''(2) Whoever knowingly acts as a runner, capper, or
steerer shall be punished as provided in subsection (b).
''(3) Whoever knowingly acts as an organizer of an auto
insurance fraud operation shall be punished as provided in
subsection (b).
''(4) Whoever knowingly acts as a mastermind or leader of
an auto insurance fraud operation shall be punished as provided
in subsection (b).
''(b) Penalties.--The punishment for an offense under subsection
(a) shall be as follows:
''(1) For any violation of subsection (a)(1) in which the
defendant is not also convicted of being a runner, capper, or
steerer under subsection (a)(2), an organizer under subsection
(a)(3), or a leader or master mind under subsection (a)(4),
such person shall be fined not more than $100,000, imprisoned
not more than 5 years, or both. If the defendant has a prior
conviction under subsection (a)(1), such person shall be fined
not more than $100,000, imprisoned not more than 10 years, or
both.
''(2) For any violation of subsection (a)(2), such person
shall be fined not more than $100,000, imprisoned not more than
5 years, or both.
''(3) For any violation of subsection (a)(3), such person
shall be fined not more than $100,000, imprisoned not more than
10 years, or both.
''(4) For any violation of subsection (a)(4), such person
shall be fined not more than $100,000, imprisoned not more than
15 years, or both.
''(c) Increased Fine.--If a violation of subsection (a) results in
costs that exceed $100,000, the fine imposed under subsection (b) may
be in an amount greater than $100,000 in order to cover the resulting
cost.
''(d) Definitions.--In this section--
''(1) the term 'automobile insurance fraud' means fraud
committed by any person who knowingly and intentionally
presents a written statement or claim, causes a written
statement or claim to be presented, or prepares a written
statement or claim with knowledge or belief that it will be
presented to or by an insurer, self-insurer, or any agent
thereof, that such person knows--
''(A) contains materially false information
concerning any fact material to an application,
certificate, evidence, or claim referred to in
paragraph (2); or
''(B) conceals, for the purpose of misleading,
information concerning any fact material to an
application, certificate, evidence, or claim referred
to in paragraph (2);
''(2) the term 'mastermind' or 'leader' means any
individual who knowingly solicits or employs 2 or more people,
or conspires with 2 or more people, to engage in automobile
insurance fraud, and who is not also a runner, capper, steerer,
or an organizer;
''(3) the term 'organizer' means any individual who
knowingly solicits or employs a runner, capper, or steerer, or
acts as a runner, capper, or steerer, with the intent of
seeking to falsely or fraudulently obtain benefits under a
contract of insurance, or to falsely or fraudulently assert a
claim against an insured or an insurer for providing services
to a client, patient, or customer;
''(4) the term 'runner, capper, or steerer' means any
person who, for either direct or indirect pecuniary benefit,
knowingly procures or attempts to procure a client, patient, or
customer at the direction of, or in cooperation with, a person
committing automobile insurance fraud under subsection (a),
regardless of whether or not the person otherwise participates
in the fraud; and
''(5) the term 'written statement or claim' means a written
statement or submission by telephone, computer, or in any other
electronic or digital form, that is part of, or in support of--
''(A) an application for the issuance of or the
rating of a commercial insurance policy;
''(B) a certificate or evidence of self-insurance
for commercial insurance or commercial self-insurance;
or
''(C) a claim for payment or other benefit pursuant
to an insurance policy or self-insurance program for
commercial or personal insurance.''.
(b) Conforming Amendment.--The chapter analysis for chapter 47 of
title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the
following:

''1041. Automobile insurance fraud''.

SEC. 3. BEST PRACTICES.

(a) In General.--The Department of Justice shall publish best
practices for the States to use--
(1) in licensing auto body shops that perform work paid for
by insurers; and
(2) in licensing medical treatment provided to people who
are injured in automobile accidents.
(b) Goal.--The goal of publishing best practices as required under
subsection (a) is to encourage the States to adopt such practices to
limit the feasibility of committing insurance fraud.

SEC. 4. INVESTIGATION OF FRAUDULENT PRACTICES.

(a) In General.--The Attorney General shall cooperate with the
offices of the United States Attorneys to--
(1) aggressively investigate fraudulent chop shops and
salvage yards;
(2) aggressively prosecute automobile insurance fraud (as
defined in section 1041 of title 18, United States Code, as
added by section 2); and
(3) report statistics on investigations, prosecutions, and
convictions of automobile insurance fraud.
(b) Reporting.--Statistics referred to in subsection (a)(3) shall
be reported to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the
appropriate Committee of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 5. FEDERAL-STATE-LOCAL ANTI-AUTO INSURANCE TASK FORCE.

(a) Establishment of Units.--The Attorney General shall establish
Federal-State-Local Anti-Auto Insurance Fraud Task Forces in the
offices of the United States Attorneys in the 10 cities in the United
States that are most severely affected, as determined by the Attorney
General, by automobile insurance fraud (as defined in section 1041 of
title 18, United States Code, as added by section 2).
(b) Purpose.--The special units established under subsection (a)
shall investigate and prosecute automobile insurance fraud.
(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to carry out this section for fiscal year 2011, and each
fiscal year thereafter, such sums as are necessary to carry out the
provisions of this Act.

SEC. 6. INSURANCE COMPANY RIGHT TO MANDATORY INSPECTION BEFORE
INSURING.

(a) Right of Inspection.--An insurance company shall have the right
to require a mandatory inspection by an insurance company
representative or agent of any motor vehicle prior to agreeing to
provide insurance coverage, except as provided under subsection (b).
(b) Exemption From Pre-Insurance Inspection.--The right to inspect
under subsection (a) may be waived by an insurance company under the
following circumstances:
(1) The motor vehicle is already insured under the policy
for either comprehensive or collision coverage.
(2) The motor vehicle is a new vehicle purchased from a
retail dealership, and the insurer is provided with--
(A) a copy of the bill of sale containing a full
description of the motor vehicle, including options and
accessories, and a statement from the seller that the
motor vehicle has no damage; or
(B) a copy of the Manufacturer Statement of Origin,
a statement from the seller that the motor vehicle has
no damage, and a copy of the window sticker or dealer
invoice containing a full description of the motor
vehicle, including options or accessories.
(3) An insured named in the policy has been insured by the
same insurer for 1 or more policy years under a policy that has
continuously provided physical damage coverage.
(4) The motor vehicle is rented or leased for less than 6
months, provided that the insurer is given a copy of the lease
or rental agreement, and that the document contains a complete
description of the rented or leased motor vehicle, including
its condition at the time of lease or rental.
(5) The motor vehicle is rated or insured under a
commercial automobile insurance policy.
(6) When pre-insurance inspection would cause serious
hardship to the insured or applicant for insurance, and the
hardship is documented in records maintained by the insurer.
(c) Non-Discrimination of Pre-Insurance Inspections.--An insurer
may require a pre-insurance inspection of an otherwise exempt motor
vehicle. The decision to require a pre-insurance inspection of an
exempt vehicle shall not be based on the age, race, sex, religion, or
marital status of the applicant or insured, or the fact that the motor
vehicle has been insured through a residual or non-voluntary insurance
market.
answer:
Cheaper Car Insurance Act of 2010 - Amends the federal criminal code to impose criminal penalties on anyone who knowingly: (1) commits automobile insurance fraud; or (2) acts as a runner, capper, steerer, organizer, mastermind, or leader of an auto insurance fraud operation.

Directs the Department of Justice (DOJ) to publish best practices for states to use in licensing: (1) auto body shops that perform work paid for by insurers; and (2) medical treatment for people injured in auto accidents.

Directs the Attorney General to: (1) cooperate with the offices of the United States attorneys to investigate fraudulent chop shops and salvage yards, prosecute automobile insurance fraud, and report statistics on investigations, prosecutions, and convictions of automobile insurance fraud; and (2) establish Federal-State-Local Anti-Auto Insurance Fraud Task Forces in cities most severely affected by automobile insurance fraud.

Grants an insurance company the right to require a mandatory inspection of any motor vehicle prior to agreeing to provide insurance coverage and to waive such right under specified circumstances.