instruction:
Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.
question:
Imitation, which is impaired in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and critically depends on the integration of visual input with motor output, likely impacts both motor and social skill acquisition in children with ASD; however, it is unclear what brain mechanisms contribute to this impairment. Children with ASD also exhibit what appears to be an ASD-specific bias against using visual feedback during motor learning. Does the temporal congruity of intrinsic activity, or functional connectivity, between motor and visual brain regions contribute to ASD-associated deficits in imitation, motor, and social skills?', 'We acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans from 100 8- to 12-year-old children (50 ASD). Group independent component analysis was used to estimate functional connectivity between visual and motor systems. Brain-behavior relationships were assessed by regressing functional connectivity measures with social deficit severity, imitation, and gesture performance scores.', 'We observed increased intrinsic asynchrony between visual and motor systems in children with ASD and replicated this finding in an independent sample from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange. Moreover, children with more out-of-sync intrinsic visual-motor activity displayed more severe autistic traits, while children with greater intrinsic visual-motor synchrony were better imitators.
answer:
0

question:
Chagas heart disease (CHD) patients may have a reduced functional capacity (FC). Field tests, as the Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT), can estimate peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak). However, the relationship between the ISWT and the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET), the gold standard in the assessment of FC, is not well established in CHD patients.', 'This study aimed to evaluate the FC of CHD patients by ISWT with direct measurement of VO2 peak and to compare these findings with data obtained from CPET. A secondary goal was to derive a regression equation to calculate the VO2 peak by ISWT.', 'Cross-sectional and correlative study.', 'Research laboratory setting.', 'Thirty-two CHD patients (58.89.0 years, 81.3% women) participated in this study.', 'Eligible patients underwent clinical evaluation, echocardiography, CPET by ramp protocol and ISWT according to current guidelines.', 'The distance walked in ISWT showed a positive correlation with VO2 peak from CPET and ISWT (r=0.456, P=0.009 and r=0.869, P<0.001, respectively). In the agreement analysis, the values of the differences between VO2 peak from CPET and ISWT showed absence of bias (mean bias 95% CI and mean -1.295.09 mL.kg.min). Based in real values of VO2 obtained from ISWT, one equation including sex, functional class and distance walked was provided to predict the VO2 values in this test.
answer:
1

question:
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in approximately 40 genes have been associated with an increased risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in genome-wide association studies. It is not known whether a similar genetic impact on the risk of prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance [IGT] or impaired fasting glycemia [IFG]) exists.', 'In our cohort of 1442 non-diabetic subjects of European origin (normal glucose tolerance [NGT] n=1046, isolated IFG n=142, isolated IGT n=140, IFG+IGT n=114), an impact on glucose homeostasis has been shown for 9 SNPs in previous studies in this specific cohort. We analyzed these SNPs (within or in the vicinity of the genes TCF7L2, KCNJ11, HHEX, SLC30A8, WFS1, KCNQ1, MTNR1B, FTO, PPARG) for association with prediabetes.', 'The genetic risk load was significantly associated with the risk for IGT (p=0.0006) in a model including gender, age, BMI and insulin sensitivity. To further evaluate potential confounding effects, we stratified the population on gender, BMI and insulin sensitivity. The association of the risk score with IGT was present in female participants (p=0.008), but not in male participants. The risk score was significantly associated with IGT (p=0.008) in subjects with a body mass index higher than 30 kg/m(2) but not in non-obese individuals. Furthermore, only in insulin resistant subjects a significant association between the genetic load and the risk for IGT (p=0.01) was found.
answer:
0