Based on the information present in the given passage, you need to write a correct answer to the given question. A correct answer is one that correctly and completely answers the question. Do not write answers that address the question partially or incorrectly. The correct answer must be contained in the given paragraph.

[EX Q]: Paragraph- Sent 1: The Bush administration did not develop new diplomatic initiatives on al Qaeda with the Saudi government before 9/11.
Sent 2: Vice President Cheney called Crown Prince Abdullah on July 5, 2001, to seek Saudi help in preventing threatened attacks on American facilities in the Kingdom.
Sent 3: Secretary of State Powell met with the crown prince twice before 9/11.
Sent 4: They discussed topics like Iraq, not al Qaeda.U.S.-Saudi relations in the summer of 2001 were marked by sometimes heated disagreements about ongoing Israeli- Palestinian violence, not about Bin Laden.
Sent 5: The confirmation of the Pentagon's new leadership was a lengthy process.
Sent 6: Deputy Secretary Wolfowitz was confirmed in March 2001 and Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Douglas Feith in July.
Sent 7: Though the new officials were briefed about terrorism and some of the earlier planning, including that for Operation Infinite Resolve, they were focused, as Secretary Rumsfeld told us, on creating a twenty-first-century military.
Sent 8: At the Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Shelton did not recall much interest by the new administration in military options against al Qaeda in Afghanistan.
Sent 9: He could not recall any specific guidance on the topic from the secretary.
Sent 10: Brian Sheridan-the outgoing assistant secretary of defense for special operations and low-intensity conflict (SOLIC), the key counterterrorism policy office in the Pentagon-never briefed Rumsfeld.
Sent 11: He departed on January 20; he had not been replaced by 9/11.
Sent 12: Rumsfeld noted to us his own interest in terrorism, which came up often in his regular meetings with Tenet.
Sent 13: He thought that the Defense Department, before 9/11, was not organized adequately or prepared to deal with new threats like terrorism.
Sent 14: But his time was consumed with getting new officials in place and working on the foundation documents of a new defense policy, the quadrennial defense review, the defense planning guidance, and the existing contingency plans.
Sent 15: He did not recall any particular counterterrorism issue that engaged his attention before 9/11, other than the development of the Predator unmanned aircraft system.
Sent 16: The commander of Central Command, General Franks, told us that he did not regard the existing plans as serious.
Sent 17: To him a real military plan to address al Qaeda would need to go all the way, following through the details of a full campaign (including the political-military issues of where operations would be based) and securing the rights to fly over neighboring countries.
Sent 18: The draft presidential directive circulated in June 2001 began its discussion of the military by reiterating the Defense Department's lead role in protecting its forces abroad.
Question: What did the Secretary of State and the Crowned Prince talk about before 9/11?.
[EX A]: Iraq.

[EX Q]: Paragraph- Sent 1: During the transition, Bush had chosen John Ashcroft, a former senator from Missouri, as his attorney general.
Sent 2: On his arrival at the Justice Department, Ashcroft told us, he faced a number of problems spotlighting the need for reform at the FBI.
Sent 3: In February, Clarke briefed Attorney General Ashcroft on his directorate's issues.
Sent 4: He reported that at the time, the attorney general acknowledged a "steep learning curve," and asked about the progress of the Cole investigation.
Sent 5: Neither Ashcroft nor his predecessors received the President's Daily Brief.
Sent 6: His office did receive the daily intelligence report for senior officials that, during the spring and summer of 2001, was carrying much of the same threat information.
Sent 7: The FBI was struggling to build up its institutional capabilities to do more against terrorism, relying on a strategy called MAXCAP 05 that had been unveiled in the summer of 2000.
Sent 8: The FBI's assistant director for counterterrorism, Dale Watson, told us that he felt the new Justice Department leadership was not supportive of the strategy.
Sent 9: Watson had the sense that the Justice Department wanted the FBI to get back to the investigative basics: guns, drugs, and civil rights.
Sent 10: The new administration did seek an 8 percent increase in overall FBI funding in its initial budget proposal for fiscal year 2002, including the largest proposed percentage increase in the FBI's counterterrorism program since fiscal year 1997.
Sent 11: The additional funds included the FBI's support of the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah (a onetime increase), enhanced security at FBI facilities, and improvements to the FBI's WMD incident response capability.
Sent 12: In May, the Justice Department began shaping plans for building a budget for fiscal year 2003, the process that would usually culminate in an administration proposal at the beginning of 2002.
Sent 13: On May 9, the attorney general testified at a congressional hearing concerning federal efforts to combat terrorism.
Sent 14: He said that "one of the nation's most fundamental responsibilities is to protect its citizens from terrorist attacks."Sent 15: The budget guidance issued the next day, however, highlighted gun crimes, narcotics trafficking, and civil rights as priorities.
Question: Who testified at a congressional hearing that, "one of the nation's most fundamental responsibilities is to protect its citizens from terrorist attacks"?.
[EX A]: Attorney General Ashcroft.

[EX Q]: Paragraph- Sent 1: The Glory of Melaka: In the early days, if you were not a pirate or a mosquito, Melaka was not much of a place to live.
Sent 2: The land was infertile, just a swampy plain, the river small and sluggish.
Sent 3: But it had a sheltered harbor, protected from the monsoons by neighboring Sumatra.
Sent 4: Later, the strategic location and deep-water channel close to the coast brought in the bigger vessels of the trade-wind traffic crossing the Indian Ocean.
Sent 5: The first to realize the larger commercial potential, as so often throughout the country's subsequent history, were the Chinese.
Sent 6: In 1409, under a new directive from Emperor Chu Ti to pursue trade in the South Seas and the Indian Ocean, a Chinese fleet of 50 ships headed by Admiral Cheng Ho called in at Melaka.
Sent 7: They made Parameswara an offer he could not refuse: port facilities and an annual financial tribute in exchange for Chinese protection against the marauding Thais.
Sent 8: In 1411, Parameswara took the money to Beijing himself, and the emperor gratefully made him a vassal king.
Sent 9: Twenty years later, the Chinese withdrew again from the South Seas trade.
Sent 10: The new ruler of Melaka, Sri Maharajah, switched his allegiance to the Muslim trading fraternity by marrying into the Muslim faith, wedding the daughter of a sultan in Sumatra.
Sent 11: Islam won its place in Malaya not by conquestas had been the case in North Africa and Europebut by trade, dynastic alliances, and peaceful preaching.
Sent 12: Bengali peddlers had already brought the faith to the east coast.
Sent 13: In Melaka and throughout the peninsula, Islam thrived as a strong, male-dominated religion of individuality, offering dynamic leadership and preaching brotherhood and self-relianceall qualities ideally suited to the coastal trade.
Sent 14: At the same time, Sufi mystics synthesized Islamic teaching with local Malay traditions of animistic magic and charisma, though Islam did not become the state religion until Muzaffar Shah became sultan of Melaka (14461459).
Sent 15: But the key figure in the sultanate was Tun Perak, bendahara (prime minister) and military commander.
Sent 16: He expanded Melaka's power along the west coast and down to Singapore and the neighboring Bintan islands.
Sent 17: He also had orang laut pirates patrolling the seas to extort tribute from passing ships.
Sent 18: After Ailied district chiefs had repelled assaults from Thai-controlled armies from Pahang, Tun Perak personally led a famous victory over a Thai fleet off Batu Pahat in 1456.
Question: Who was responsible for orang laut pirates extorting tribute from passing ships?.
[EX A]:
Bendahara (prime minister).