In a world as fast-changing and full of information as our own, all of us need to know how to learn well. Yet evidence suggests that most of us don't use the learning techniques that science has proved the most effective. The scientific literature evaluating these techniques goes back to decades and across thousands of articles. It's far too _ and complex for the average parent, teacher or employer to look through. Fortunately, a team of five leading psychologists have done the job for us. Professor John Dunlosky and other psychologists closely examined 10 learning strategies and rated each from high to low utility on the basis of the evidence they've gathered. Here's part of their conclusions: In contrast to familiar practices, the effective learning strategies with the most evidence to support them aren't well known outside the lab. Take distributed practice, for example. This strategy involves spreading out your study time, rather than engaging in one marathon. Cramming information at the last minute may allow you to get through that test or meeting, but the material will quickly disappear from your memory. It's much more effective to look through the material at intervals over time. And the longer you want to remember the information, whether it's two weeks or two years, the longer the intervals should be. The second learning strategy that is highly recommended by Dunlosky is practice testing. Yes, more tests---but there not for a grade. Research shows that the mere act of calling information to mind strengthens that knowledge and aids in future retrieval . While practice testing is not a common strategy---despite the strong evidence supporting it ---there is one familiar approach that captures its benefits: using flash cards. And now flash cards can be presented in digital form. Both distributed practice and practice testing were rated as having "high utility" by Dunlosky. The strategy of distributed practice shows that _ . A) we should not study for long hours every day B) reviewing what we have studied is of little help C) the shorter the interval is, the better we'll study D) doing repetition at intervals is the best way
D
(Question)
You are young and free. It's sometimes hard to see how the decisions you make in your 20's affect the rest of your life. The truth is, your 20's are the foundation for the rest of your life. Here are 4 mistakes 20-somethings should stop making now to ensure a bright future. Stop wasting time. You can waste time in many ways, especially before establishing your future. With your entire future ahead of you, it often can seem like there are unlimited amounts of time. It's not the case. Use your time to do things that matter to you. Spend time on things like traveling, networking, building relationships and climbing the corporate ladder. Stop wasting money. Too often, in our 20's, we want stuff. From expensive designer clothes, to fancy electronics, and many other possessions that take up a huge chunk of our income. Stop wasting money on these things. They are going to be out of date and out of style quicker than you imagine. Take your _ income and invest in your future to ensure you have great experiences. Stop staying in bad relationships. Your first love can be hard to get over. And bad relationships can linger much too long. Stop spending time with people who don't make you a better person. When you're in a bad relationship, it will make the rest of your life more difficult. Evaluate your relationships . Stop _ Whether it's depending on your parents for bills or relying on your co-workers , your 20's are a time to become more independent. Take help when you need it, but start working towards financial independence. From the passage we know that _ . A) It's easy to see how the decisions you make in your 20's affect the rest of your life. B) Your 20's are the basis of the rest of your life. C) It often can seem like there are limited amounts of time. D) Evaluate your relationships because they always make your life difficult.
(Answer)
B
Ques: GENEVA, Feb.11 (Xinhua) --The current La Nina weather phenomenon may just be a partial cause of south prefix = st1 /China's freeze-up at the start of 2008, said the United Nations World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Monday. The latest La Nina pattern, which began in the third quarter of 2007, has picked up strength in the past three months, with sea surface temperatures now about 1. 5 to 2 degrees Celsius colder than average over large parts of the eastern and central equatorial Pacific Ocean, said the latest report issued by the WMO. Presenting the Geneva-based body's report, Rupa Kumar Killi, a WMO climate expert, said the recent month-long snow and ice-storms in China's central, southern and eastern regions could be connected with the La Nina phenomenon, the climatic opposite of El Nino . However, he said China's freeze-up was a result of several causes combined and was partly caused by a cold surge from the north and west. He also said the present La Nina cycle may last at least until mid-2008 and it is also possible, if less likely, that the cycle could stretch into the third quarter. La Nina is a large pool of unusually cold water in the equatorial Pacific that develops every few years and influences global weather. It is the climatic opposite of El Nino, a warming of the Pacific, and both have been associated with extreme weather around the globe. Since Jan. 10, snow, sleet and low temperatures have swept China's southern regions, a rare occurrence for the area. What is the best title of the passage? A) La Nina May Be a Partial Cause of China's Freeze-Up. B) La Nina and El Nino. C) What Causes the La Nina Weather Phenomenon? D) How La Nina Destroys the Whole World's Weather?
Ans: A
Animals are a favorite subject of many photographers. Cats, dogs, and other pets top the list, followed by zoo animals. However, because it's hard to get them to sit still and "perform on command," some professional photographers refuse to photograph pets. One way to get an appealing portrait of a cat or dog is to hold a biscuit or treat above the camera. The animal's longing look toward the food will be captured by the camera, but the treat won't appear in the picture because it's out of the camera's range. When you show the picture to your friends afterwards, they'll be impressed by your pet's loving expression. If you are using fast film, you can take some good, quick shots of a pet by simply snapping a picture right after calling its name. You'll get a different expression from your pet using this technique. Depending on your pet's mood, the picture will capture an interested, curious expression or possibly a look of annoyance, especially if you've awakened it from a nap. Taking pictures of zoo animals requires a little more patience. After all, you can't wake up a lion! You may have to wait for a while until the animal does something interesting or moves into a position for you to get a good shot. When photographing zoo animals, don't get too close to the cages, and never tap on the glass or throw things between the bars of a cage. Concentrate on shooting some good pictures, and always respect the animals you are photographing. In what way is photographing zoo animals different from photographing pets? A) You need to have fast film. B) You need special equipment. C) You need more time to watch and wait. D) You need to stay close to the animals.
C