Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: The skeleton of lampreys is made of what? Choices: - ligament - collagen - chitin - cartilage A:
cartilage
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Salts Recall that salts are formed when ions form ionic bonds. In these reactions, one atom gives up one or more electrons, and thus becomes positively charged, whereas the other accepts one or more electrons and becomes negatively charged. You can now define a salt as a substance that, when dissolved in water, dissociates into ions other than H+ or OH. This fact is important in distinguishing salts from acids and bases, discussed next. A typical salt, NaCl, dissociates completely in water (Figure 2.15). The positive and negative regions on the water molecule (the hydrogen and oxygen ends respectively) attract the negative chloride and positive sodium ions, pulling them away from each other. Again, whereas nonpolar and polar covalently bonded compounds break apart into molecules in solution, salts dissociate into ions. These ions are electrolytes; they are capable of conducting an electrical current in solution. This property is critical to the function of ions in transmitting nerve impulses and prompting muscle contraction. Q: What substances, which are distinct from acids and bases, form when ions form ionic bonds? Choices: - oils - vitamins - water molecules - salts A:
salts
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Reactants and products are equally abundant at equilibrium. Q: At equilibrium reactants and what are equally abundant? Choices: - results - proactives - minerals - products A:
A: products
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Carbon cycles quickly between organisms and the atmosphere. Cellular respiration releases carbon into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. Carbon is also released when organisms decompose. Human actions, such as the burning of fossil fuels, also release carbon into the atmosphere. Natural processes, such as volcanic eruptions, release carbon from magma into the atmosphere. Warm ocean waters also release carbon, whereas cold ocean water dissolves carbon from the atmosphere. Photosynthesis (autotrophs) removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and uses it to make organic compounds. Carbon cycles far more slowly through geological processes such as sedimentation. Runoff, rivers and streams dissolve carbon in rocks and carry it to the ocean. Sediments from dead organisms may form fossil fuels or carbon-containing rocks. Carbon may be stored in sedimentary rock for millions of years. Q: How long can carbon be stored in sedimentary rock? Choices: - around 10,000 years - less than 1000 years - 22 weeks - millions of years A:
Answer: millions of years
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Diuretics are drugs that can increase water loss by interfering with the recapture of solutes and water from the forming urine. They are often prescribed to lower blood pressure. Coffee, tea, and alcoholic beverages are familiar diuretics. ADH, a 9-amino acid peptide released by the posterior pituitary, works to do the exact opposite. It promotes the recovery of water, decreases urine volume, and maintains plasma osmolarity and blood pressure. It does so by stimulating the movement of aquaporin proteins into the apical cell membrane of principal cells of the collecting ducts to form water channels, allowing the transcellular movement of water from the lumen of the collecting duct into the interstitial space in the medulla of the kidney by osmosis. From there, it enters the vasa recta capillaries to return to the circulation. Water is attracted by the high osmotic environment of the deep kidney medulla. Q: What type of drugs can increase water loss by interfering with the recapture of solutes and water from the forming urine? Choices: - sedatives - disassociates - hallucinogens - diuretics A:
**Answer**
diuretics
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Like air in the atmosphere, ocean water moves in currents. A current is a stream of moving water that flows through the ocean. Surface currents are caused mainly by winds but not daily winds. Surface currents are caused by the major wind belts. These winds blow in the same direction all the time. So they can keep water moving in the same direction. Q: What are surface currents generally caused by? Choices: - minor wind belts - major humidity belts - major steam belts - major wind belts A:
A: major wind belts