In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

Q: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Nutrition Coordinators for Local
Healthy Youth Act''.

SEC. 2. GRANT PROGRAM FOR NUTRITION COORDINATORS.

Section 19 of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1788) is
amended--
(1) by redesignating subsection (l) as subsection (m); and
(2) by inserting after subsection (k) the following new
subsection:
''(l) Grant Program for Nutrition Coordinators.--
''(1) Establishment of grant program.--The Secretary, in
consultation with the Secretary of Education, shall establish a
program to make grants to local educational agencies to appoint
nutrition coordinators to carry out the activities described in
paragraph (4).
''(2) Application.--To be selected to receive a grant under
paragraph (1), a local educational agency, in consultation with
the State agency that administers school lunch programs in the
geographic area served by such local educational agency, shall
submit an application at such time, in such manner, and
containing such information as the Secretary may require.
''(3) Use of funds.--A local educational agency that
receives a grant under this subsection shall use such funds to
appoint a nutrition coordinator to, with respect to the
geographic area served by such agency--
''(A) ensure compliance with local school wellness
policies under section 9A of the Richard B. Russell
National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1758b);
''(B) coordinate nutrition education programs with
school food service directors for such local
educational agency;
''(C) conduct trainings and facilitate information
sharing of best practices that--
''(i) encourage students to participate in
healthy eating and active living;
''(ii) are consistent with the Dietary
Guidelines for Americans published under
section 301 of the National Nutrition
Monitoring and Related Research Act of 1990 (7
U.S.C. 5341); and
''(iii) are consistent with the Physical
Activity Guidelines for Americans published by
the Office of Disease Prevention and Health
Promotion of the Department of Health and Human
Services;
''(D) work with programs that promote and motivate
students to participate in school wellness activities;
''(E) coordinate and collaborate with other
nutrition education programs, including--
''(i) programs under the Supplemental
Nutrition Assistance Program under the Food and
Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.);
''(ii) cooperative extension services (as
such term is defined in section 1404 of the
Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C.
3103));
''(iii) nutrition education programs
carried out by community-based organizations;
and
''(iv) other team network nutrition
programs;
''(F) provide community outreach to promote
nutrient-rich foods and farm-to-school activities;
''(G) promote regular physical activity in students
before, during, and after school;
''(H) ensure students receive effective and
consistent messages regarding healthy eating and active
living; and
''(I) to promote nutrition education and team
network nutrition programs in the State in which such
local educational agency is located, coordinate and
collaborate with--
''(i) the team nutrition network
coordinator for the State; and
''(ii) community partners.
''(4) Nutrition coordinator requirements.--A nutrition
coordinator may not be appointed under this subsection unless
the Coordinator has a background in nutrition education,
dietetics, or nutrition program management.
''(5) Nutrition coordinator reports.--Not later than 1 year
after the date on which a nutrition coordinator is appointed
under this subsection, the nutrition coordinator shall submit
to the Secretary a report that includes--
''(A) a plan to implement activities under this
section; and
''(B) a review of, and plan for, coordination and
collaboration with nutrition education programs
described in paragraph (4)(E).
''(6) Evaluation of grant program.--Not later than January
1, 2019, the Secretary shall submit a report to Congress that
includes--
''(A) the results of an evaluation of the grant
program established under this subsection;
''(B) a review of the implementation of this
subsection;
''(C) an assessment of local educational agencies
with respect to activities conducted to ensure students
receive nutrition education consistent with the Dietary
Guidelines for Americans published under section 301 of
the National Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research
Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5341);
''(D) best practices for encouraging students to
participate in healthy eating and active living;
''(E) an assessment of local school wellness
policies under section 9A of the Richard B. Russell
National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1758b); and
''(F) an assessment of school personnel and their
level of interaction and satisfaction with nutrition
coordinators.''.

A: Nutrition Coordinators for Local Healthy Youth Act This bill amends the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 to establish a Department of Agriculture program to award grants to local educational agencies to appoint nutrition coordinators with a background in nutrition education, dietetics, or nutrition program management. The responsibilities of the coordinators include: ensuring compliance with local school wellness policies under the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act, coordinating nutrition education programs with school food service directors, conducting training and facilitating information sharing of best practices, working with programs that promote and motivate students to participate in school wellness activities, coordinating and collaborating with other nutrition education programs, providing community outreach to promote nutrient-rich foods and farm-to-school activities, promoting regular physical activity in students, ensuring students receive effective and consistent messages regarding healthy eating and active living, and promoting nutrition education and team network nutrition programs in the state by coordinating and collaborating with the team nutrition network coordinator and community partners.
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Q: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Missile Defense Defend and Deter Act
of 2016''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress makes the following findings:
(1) It is in the highest strategic interest of the United
States to field a fully operational missile defense system to
defend against threats from intercontinental ballistic missiles
(ICBMs) of rogue nations, including North Korea and Iran.
(2) In the past year, the Democratic People's Republic of
Korea tested a nuclear weapon and an intercontinental ballistic
missile and has made claims that it now possesses the ability
to miniaturize a nuclear warhead.
(3) The ground-based midcourse defense (GMD) element of the
ballistic missile defense system (BMDS) is one of the most
critical capabilities needed to defend the United States
against threats from intercontinental ballistic missiles,
conventional and nuclear.
(4) The test program of the Missile Defense Agency provides
vital data to demonstrate the operational effectiveness,
suitability, and survivability of the ballistic missile defense
system, and it contributes to United States nonproliferation
goals by sending a very credible message to the international
community on the ability of the United States to defeat
ballistic missiles in flight, thus reducing their value to
potential adversaries.

SEC. 3. REQUIRED TESTING BY MISSILE DEFENSE AGENCY OF GROUND-BASED
MIDCOURSE DEFENSE ELEMENT OF BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENSE
SYSTEM.

(a) Testing Required.--Except as provided in subsection (c), not
less frequently than once each fiscal year, the Director of the Missile
Defense Agency shall administer an intercept flight test of the ground-
based midcourse defense element of the ballistic missile defense
system.
(b) Requirements.--The Director shall ensure that each test carried
out under subsection (a) provides, when possible, for one or more of
the following:
(1) Validation of the operational effectiveness of the
ground-based midcourse defense element of the ballistic missile
defense system.
(2) Use of assets in their operational configuration
against an inventory of targets to assess all aspects of
ground-based midcourse defense elements of the ballistic
missile defense system performance in a variety of flight test
regimes.
(3) Use of operational doctrine and real-world constraints.
(4) Evaluation of new concepts of operations and exercising
tactics, techniques, and procedures.
(5) Mechanisms to assure the confidence of members of the
Armed Forces in the basic design of the ground-based midcourse
defense element of the ballistic missile defense system, its
hit-to-kill effectiveness, and its inherent operational
capability.
(c) Exceptions.--
(1) Nonintercept test.--The Director may forgo a test under
subsection (a) in a fiscal year if the Secretary of Defense, in
consultation with the Director, determines that conducting the
test would--
(A) jeopardize national security;
(B) not be successful due to specific ground-based
midcourse defense components needing a nonintercept
test; and
(C) likely lead to failure due to impractical time
considerations.
(2) Funding.--The Director may forgo a test under
subsection (a) in a fiscal year if the Secretary of Defense, in
consultation with the Director, determines that the test is not
sufficiently funded.
(3) National security waiver.--
(A) In general.--The Director may forgo a test
under subsection (a) in a fiscal year if the Secretary
of Defense, in consultation with the Director of the
Missile Defense Agency, Director of National
Intelligence, and the Commander of United States
Northern Command (NORTHCOM), determines that the
provision of testing as described in that subsection is
detrimental to the national security interests of the
United States.
(B) Notice required.--
(i) In general.--Not later than 30 days
after forgoing a test pursuant to subparagraph
(A), the Secretary shall submit to the
congressional defense committees notice
regarding the foregone test.
(ii) Elements.--Notice submitted under
clause (i) shall include the following:
(I) The rationale for forgoing the
test.
(II) The national security
interests of the United States
preventing the test.
(III) A plan to complete the
intercept test in the following fiscal
year, which does not affect testing in
following fiscal years.
(iii) Form.--Each notice under clause (ii)
shall be submitted in an unclassified form, but
may include a classified annex.
(d) Congressional Defense Committees Defined.--In this section, the
term ''congressional defense committees'' has the meaning given that
term in section 101(a)(16) of title 10, United States Code.

A: Missile Defense Defend and Deter Act of 2016 This bill requires the Department of Defense (DOD) Missile Defense Agency to administer an intercept flight test of the ground-based midcourse defense element of the ballistic missile defense system at least once each fiscal year. Each test shall provide for: validation of the defense element's operational effectiveness; use of assets in their operational configuration against an inventory of targets to assess performance in a variety of flight test regimes; use of operational doctrine and real-world constraints; evaluation of new concepts of operations, tactics, and techniques; and mechanisms to assure the confidence of members of the Armed Forces in the basic design of the ground-based midcourse defense element, its hit-to-kill effectiveness, and its operational capability. The Agency may forgo a test if: it would jeopardize national security, not be successful due to specific ground-based midcourse defense components needing a non-intercept test, and likely fail due to impractical time considerations; or funding is insufficient. The Agency also may forgo a test if DOD determines that the testing is detrimental to U.S. national security interests and provides notice to Congress.
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Q: SECTION 1. POSITIVE TRAIN CONTROL SYSTEMS.

(a) Submission of Plan.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 12 months after the date of
the enactment of this Act, each rail carrier that is a Class I
railroad, a rail carrier that has inadequate safety performance
(as determined by the Secretary), or a rail carrier that
provides intercity passenger or commuter rail passenger
transportation shall develop and submit to the Secretary a plan
for implementing a positive train control system by December
31, 2014.
(2) Technical assistance.--The Secretary may provide
technical assistance and guidance to railroad carriers in
developing the plans required under this subsection.
(b) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) Positive train control system.--The term ''positive
train control system'' means a system designed to prevent
train-to-train collisions, overspeed derailments, and
incursions into roadway worker work limits.
(2) Secretary.--The term ''Secretary'' means the Secretary
of Transportation.
(c) Safety Redundancy.--The positive train control system required
under subsection (a) shall--
(1) minimize the risk of train collisions and over-speed
derailments;
(2) provide protection to maintenance-of-way workers within
established work zone limits;
(3) provide a safety redundancy to minimize the risk of
accidents by overriding human performance failures involving
train movements on main line tracks; and
(4) minimize the risk of the movement of a train through a
switch left in the wrong position.
(d) Contents of Plan.--The plans submitted under paragraph (1)
shall include--
(1) measurable goals, including a strategy and time line
for implementation of such systems;
(2) a prioritization of how the systems will be
implemented, with particular emphasis on high-risk corridors
such as those that have significant movements of hazardous
materials or where commuter and intercity passenger railroads
operate;
(3) identification of detailed steps the carriers will take
to implement the systems; and
(4) any other element the Secretary considers appropriate.
(e) Review and Approval.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the Secretary
receives a plan from a rail carrier under this section, the
Secretary shall--
(A) review the plan;
(B) notify the rail carrier that the plan has been
approved; or
(C) notify the affected railroad carrier of the
specific points in which the proposed plan is
deficient.
(2) Correction of deficiencies.--A railroad carrier shall
correct all deficiencies of a plan submitted under this section
not later than 30 days after receiving written notice from the
Secretary of such deficiencies.
(3) Compliance with plan.--Upon receiving notification from
the Secretary that a plan submitted under this section has been
approved, the rail carrier that submitted such plan shall
comply with goals, strategy, and time line contained in such
plan.
(4) Annual review.--The Secretary shall conduct an annual
review to ensure that each rail carrier is complying with the
plan submitted by such rail carrier under this section.
(f) Report.--Not later than December 31, 2011, the Secretary shall
submit a report that describes the progress made by rail carriers in
implementing positive train control systems to--
(1) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation
of the Senate; and
(2) the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of
the House of Representatives.
(g) Positive train control systems shall be implemented no later
than December 31, 2012, in those areas determined by the Secretary of
Transportation to have the highest safety risk due to shared track
between commuter and freight rail.
(h) Certification.--
(1) In general.--The Secretary may not permit the
installation of any positive train control system or component
unless the Secretary has certified that such system or
component has not experienced a safety-critical failure during
prior testing and evaluation.
(2) Repair and reevaluation.--If a failure described in
paragraph (1) occurs, the system or component may be--
(A) repaired and evaluated in accordance with part
236 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations; and
(B) installed if the Secretary--
(i) certifies that the factors causing the
failure have been corrected; and
(ii) approves the system for installation
in accordance with such part 236.
(i) Enforcement.--The Secretary is authorized to assess civil
penalties pursuant to chapter 213 of title 49, United States Code, for
a violation of this section, including the failure to submit, certify,
or comply with a plan for implementing a positive train control system.

SEC. 2. CIVIL PENALTY INCREASES.

(a) General Violations of Chapter 201.--Section 21301(a)(2) of
title 49, United States Code, is amended--
(1) by striking ''$10,000'' and inserting ''$25,000''; and
(2) by striking ''$20,000'' and inserting ''$100,000''.
(b) Accident and Incident Violations of Chapter 201; Violations of
Chapters 203 Through 209.--Section 21302(a)(2) of such title is
amended--
(1) by striking ''$10,000'' and inserting ''$25,000''; and
(2) by striking ''$20,000'' and inserting ''$100,000''.
(c) Violations of Chapter 211.--Section 21303(a)(2) of such title
is amended--
(1) by striking ''$10,000'' and inserting ''$25,000''; and
(2) by striking ''$20,000'' and inserting ''$100,000''.

A:
Requires each rail carrier that is a Class I railroad, that has inadequate safety performance, or that provides intercity passenger or commuter rail passenger transportation to develop and submit for Secretary of Transportation approval by December 31, 2014,a plan toimplement a positive train control system that prevents rail collisions.

Requires implementation ofsuch systems byDecember 31, 2012, in areas that have the highest safety risk due to shared track between commuter and freight rail.

Prohibits installation of a positive train control system or component unless the Secretary hascertified that it has not experienced a safety-critical failure during prior testing and evaluation.

Increases penalties for violations of rail safety regulations or orders issued by the Secretary, including violations related to rail accident reporting and hours-of-service.
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