Answer the following question given this paragraph: Active transport pumps can also work together with other active or passive transport systems to move substances across the membrane. For example, the sodium-potassium pump maintains a high concentration of sodium ions outside of the cell. Therefore, if the cell needs sodium ions, all it has to do is open a passive sodium channel, as the concentration gradient of the sodium ions will drive them to diffuse into the cell. In this way, the action of an active transport pump (the sodiumpotassium pump) powers the passive transport of sodium ions by creating a concentration gradient. When active transport powers the transport of another substance in this way, it is called secondary active transport. Symporters are secondary active transporters that move two substances in the same direction. For example, the sodiumglucose symporter uses sodium ions to "pull" glucose molecules into the cell. Because cells store glucose for energy, glucose is typically at a higher concentration inside of the cell than outside. However, due to the action of the sodiumpotassium pump, sodium ions will easily diffuse into the cell when the symporter is opened. The flood of sodium ions through the symporter provides the energy that allows glucose to move through the symporter and into the cell, against its concentration gradient. Q: The flood of sodium ions through the symporter provides the energy that allows what to move through the symporter and into the cell? Choices: - insulin - sucrose - mitochondria - glucose A:
glucose
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Nonvascular plants include the mosses, the hornworts, and the liverworts. Q: What type of plants are the mosses, the hornwarts, and the liverworts considered to be? Choices: - spirogyra - Vascular - xerophyte - nonvascular A:
nonvascular
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Relief , or terrain, includes all the landforms of a region. A topographic map shows the height, or elevation , of features in an area. This includes mountains, craters, valleys, and rivers. For example, Figure below shows the San Francisco Peaks in northern Arizona. Features on the map include mountains, hills and lava flows. You can recognize these features from the differences in elevation. We will talk about some different landforms in the next section. Q: What type of map shows the elevation and features in an area? Choices: - geographic - meteorological - gradient - topographic A:
A: topographic
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Do you know what these greenish, blob-like shapes are? Would it surprise you to learn that they are animals? They don't look anything like the animals you are probably familiar withanimals such as dogs and deer, fish and frogs. But the greenish blobs are animals nonetheless. They belong to a phylum called Cnidaria, but you may know them as jellyfish. They are very simple animals and not fish at all. Q: Jellyfish belong to which phylum? Choices: - porifera - analidae - mycobacteria - cnidaria A:
Answer: cnidaria
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Fish show great diversity in body size. They range in length from about 8 millimeters (0.3 inches) to 16 meters (about 53 feet). Most are ectothermic and covered with scales. Scales protect fish from predators and parasites and reduce friction with the water. Multiple, overlapping scales provide a flexible covering that allows fish to move easily while swimming. Q: What broad category of animals is primarily ectothermic and covered with scales that facilitate swimming? Choices: - armadillo - turtles - deer - fish A:
**Answer**
fish
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Sediments are deposited horizontally so sedimentary rock layers are originally horizontal. Q: What direction are sediments deposited? Choices: - magnetic poles - diagonally - vertically - horizontally A:
horizontally