Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
The University of Toronto (U of T, UToronto, or Toronto) is a public research university in Toronto, Ontario, Canada on the grounds that surround Queen's Park. It was founded by royal charter in 1827 as "King's College", the first institution of higher learning in the colony of Upper Canada. Originally controlled by the Church of England, the university assumed the present name in 1850 upon becoming a secular institution. As a collegiate university, it comprises twelve colleges, which differ in character and history, each with substantial autonomy on financial and institutional affairs. It has two satellite campuses in Scarborough and Mississauga.

Academically, the University of Toronto is noted for influential movements and curricula in literary criticism and communication theory, known collectively as the Toronto School. The university was the birthplace of insulin and stem cell research, and was the site of the first practical electron microscope, the development of multi-touch technology, the identification of the first black hole Cygnus X-1, and the development of the theory of NP-completeness. By a significant margin, it receives the most annual scientific research funding of any Canadian university. It is one of two members of the Association of American Universities outside the United States, the other being McGill University in Montreal.
1. what is the name of the school?
2. does it have alternate accepted names?
3. how many?
4. what are they?
5. when did they decide on the current name?
6. what was it called before that?
7. when was it founded?
8. who had original control of it?
9. is it still religious?
10. what type of modern research was born there?
11. what type of lab equipment used for seeing invisible thing was first developed there?
12. what type of technology are they credited with developing?
13. do they get a lot of funding?
14. what non-Canadian Association are they a member of?
15. are any other Canadian schools a member?
16. what one?
17. what city is the school in?
18. where is UofT located?
19. do they have any offsite facilities?

Numbered answers:
1. The University of Toronto
2. Yes
3. Three
4. U of T, UToronto, or Toronto
5. 1850
6. King's College
7. 1827
8. Church of England,
9. Yes
10. tem cell research
11. electron microscope
12. multi-touch technology
13. Yes
14. Association of American Universities
15. Yes
16. McGill University
17. Montreal.
18. Toronto
19. Yes

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Why Are Pig Farmers Still Using Growth-Promoting Drugs?

It's one of the most controversial practices in agriculture: feeding small amounts of antibiotics to animals in order to make them grow faster. But what if the drugs don't even work very well? There's some good evidence that they don't, at least in pigs. They used to deliver a boost in growth, but that effect has disappeared in recent years or declined greatly. The reason for this is interesting and even paradoxical. Researchers think the antibiotics used to work by suppressing low-grade infections. In recent years, however, pork producers found other ways to accomplish the same thing through improved hygiene . As a result, the drugs have become largely superfluous -- yet many farmers still use them.

To understand how this happened, you have to step back in time, says Steve Dritz, a specialist in pig nutrition at Kansas State University. Sixty years ago, when antibiotics were new, "people started treating animals, and feeding [the antibiotics], and finding that they had increased growth rates and feed efficiencies," he says. Nursery-age pigs, for instance, grew 12 to 15 percent faster with antibiotics. The animals also needed less feed to reach full weight. Other studies showed similar results in chickens and cattle. In the 1980s, a new set of studies found similar effects. So the growth-promoting effects of antibiotics became standard practice among meat producers.

Fast forward to the 1990s. Dritz was starting his career as a scientist at Kansas State University, and pork production was changing dramatically.

Previously, pigs were born and raised in one barn or in several barns close together. This meant infections could easily pass from one generation to the next, the way that kids share germs between their friends on the playground and their parents at home. Under the new system, when piglets are weaned, they move to a whole different place. That new site is carefully scrubbed and free of disease.

Craig Rowles, who runs a large swine operation in Carroll, Iowa, shows me one such room. There's not a piglet in sight. "This room just got completely washed and disinfected, and now it's going to sit here and dry for a while," he says.

A whole group of pigs will come in here together, and later they will move out together to yet another site. "That group of pigs will stay together until they go to market," Rowles says.

The groups are kept strictly separated from each other. If workers move between the groups, they first have to change their boots.

When farmers adopted multisite production, it cut down on disease -- and pigs actually grew faster.
1. Who specializes in pig nutrition?
2. What caused animals to grow faster?
3. Is it still effective in swine?
4. Where does he work?
5. Who owns a farm in Iowa?
6. Does he mix and match his animals together?
7. BEsides growing faster what was another positive side effect from the antibiotics?
8. Was the effect exclusive to pigs?
9. What other animals had the same results?
10. What has been the replacement for antibiotics that yields same results?

Numbered answers:
1. Steve Dritz
2. small amounts of antibiotics
3. No
4. Kansas State University
5. Craig Rowles
6. Yes
7. less feeding
8. Yes
9. chickens and cattle
10. drugs

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, is an American company that publishes reference books, especially known for its dictionaries.

In 1831, George and Charles Merriam founded the company as G & C Merriam Co. in Springfield, Massachusetts. In 1843, after Noah Webster died, the company bought the rights to "An American Dictionary of the English Language" from Webster's estate. All Merriam-Webster dictionaries trace their lineage to this source.

In 1964, Encyclopdia Britannica, Inc. acquired Merriam-Webster, Inc. as a subsidiary. The company adopted its current name in 1982.

In 1806, Webster published his first dictionary, . In 1807 Webster started two decades of intensive work to expand his publication into a fully comprehensive dictionary, "An American Dictionary of the English Language". To help him trace the etymology of words, Webster learned 26 languages. Webster hoped to standardize American speech, since Americans in different parts of the country used somewhat different vocabularies and spelled, pronounced, and used words differently.

Webster completed his dictionary during his year abroad in 1825 in Paris, and at the University of Cambridge. His 1820s book contained 70,000 words, of which about 12,000 had never appeared in a dictionary before. As a spelling reformer, Webster believed that English spelling rules were unnecessarily complex, so his dictionary introduced American English spellings, replacing "colour" with "color", "waggon" with "wagon", and "centre" with "center". He also added American words, including "skunk" and "squash", that did not appear in British dictionaries. At the age of 70 in 1828, Webster published his dictionary; it sold poorly, with only 2,500 copies putting him in debt. However, in 1840, he published the second edition in two volumes with much greater success.
1. Who bought Merriam Webster?
2. Who bought them in 1964?
3. What is Merriam Webster most known for?
4. What type of book is that?
5. What was Webster's first name?
6. What did he own the rights to?
7. When did he pass away?
8. Who purchased the rights to his dictionary after that?
9. When did Webster first publish a dictionary?
10. What about before that?
11. How long did it take him to expand that into something bigger?
12. Did he learn a lot of languages?
13. How many?
14. For what purpose?
15. What was his goal in creating this book?
16. Did people across the country say things differently?
17. Where did he finally finish his work?
18. Where at?
19. Where else?
20. How many words had never been in a dictionary before?
Numbered answers:
1. G & C Merriam Co
2. Encyclopdia Britannica
3. Dictionaries.
4. A reference book.
5. Noah.
6. An American Dictionary of the English Language
7. 1843
8. George and Charles Merriam.
9. 1828
10. 1806
11. 2 decades.
12. Yes
13. 26
14. Help him trace the etymology of words.
15. Standardize American speech
16. Yes
17. 1825
18. Paris
19. University of Cambridge
20. 12,000