Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Wee1-like kinase (Wee1) is a tyrosine kinase which negatively regulates entry into mitosis at the G2 to M-phase transition and has a role in inhibition of unscheduled DNA replication in S-phase. The present study investigated the clinical role of Wee1 in advanced-stage (FIGO III-IV) ovarian serous carcinoma.', 'Wee1 protein expression was analyzed in 287 effusions using immunohistochemistry. Expression was analyzed for association with clinicopathologic parameters, including survival. Forty-five effusions were additionally studied using Western blotting. Wee1 was further silenced in SKOV3 and OVCAR8 cells by siRNA knockdown and proliferation was assessed.', 'Nuclear expression of Wee1 in tumor cells was observed in 265/287 (92%) and 45/45 (100%) effusions by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting, respectively. Wee1 expression by immunohistochemistry was significantly higher in post-chemotherapy disease recurrence compared to pre-chemotherapy effusions obtained at diagnosis (p=0.002). Wee1 silencing in SKOV3 and OVCAR8 cells reduced proliferation. In univariate survival analysis of the entire cohort, a trend was observed between high (>25% of cells) Wee1 expression and poor overall survival (p=0.083). Survival analysis for 109 patients with post-chemotherapy effusions showed significant association between Wee1 expression and poor overall survival (p=0.004), a finding which retained its independent prognostic role in Cox multivariate analysis (p=0.003).
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Liver ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common pathophysiological process in many clinical settings. Carvacrol, a food additive commonly used in essential oils, has displayed antimicrobials, antitumor and antidepressant-like activities. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of carvacrol on I/R injury in the Wistar rat livers and an in vitro hypoxia/restoration (H/R) model.', 'The hepatoportal vein, hepatic arterial and hepatic duct of Wistar rats were isolated and clamped for 30 min, followed by a 2 h reperfusion. Buffalo rat liver (BRL) cells were incubated under hypoxia for 4 h, followed normoxic conditions for 10 h to establish the H/R model in vitro. Liver injury was evaluated by measuring serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspatate aminotransferase (AST), and hepatic levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and malondiadehyde (MDA), and hepatic histology and TUNEL staining. MTT assay, flow cytometric analysis and Hoechst 33258 staining were used to evaluate the proliferation and apoptosis of BRL cells in vitro. Protein expression was examined by Western Blot analysis.', 'Carvacrol protected against I/R-induced liver damage, evidenced by significantly reducing the serum levels of ALT and AST, histological alterations and apoptosis of liver cells in I/R rats. Carvacrol exhibited anti-oxidative activity in the I/R rats, reflected by significantly reducing the activity of SOD and the content of MDA, and restoring the activity of CAT and the content of GSH, in I/R rats. In the in vitro assays, carvacrol restored the viability and inhibited the apoptosis of BRL cells, which were subjected to a mimic I/R injury induced by hypoxia. In the investigation on molecular mechanisms, carvacrol downregulated the expression of Bax and upregulated the expression of Bcl-2, thus inhibited the activation of caspase-3. Carvacrol was also shown to enhance the phosphorylation of Akt.
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It has been contended that, during cardiopulmonary bypass at 27 degrees C, pH-stat management decreases cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO2) more than alpha-stat management. In contrast, other studies have not found CMRO2 to differ between techniques. Using each animal as its own control, the authors assessed the effect of alpha-stat versus pH-stat management of CMRO2, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and brain oxygen extraction during cardiopulmonary bypass at 27 degrees C.', 'Fourteen New Zealand White rabbits, anesthetized with fentanyl and diazepam, underwent cardiopulmonary bypass at 27 degrees C (membrane oxygenator, centrifugal pump, and bifemoral arterial perfusion). Group 1 animals (n = 7) had alpha-stat management for the initial 65-70 min of bypass, and were then changed to pH-stat management for the remaining 30 min of bypass. Group 2 animals (n = 7) had pH-stat management for the initial 65-70 min of bypass, and were then changed to alpha-stat management for the remaining 30 min. Measurement of CBF (radiolabeled microspheres), CMRO2 (CBF x brain arterial-venous oxygen content difference), brain temperature, systemic hemodynamics, and arterial blood gases were made in each animal under both alpha-stat and pH-stat conditions.', 'CMRO2 did not differ between alpha-stat and pH-stat conditions (1.4 +/- 0.3 ml.100 g-1.min-1; median +/- quartile deviation), and was independent of order of determination. Changes in CBF between alpha-stat and pH-stat conditions were associated with proportional opposite changes in cerebral oxygen extraction. Cerebral blood flow was significantly greater with pH-stat management than with alpha-stat management (37 +/- 5 vs. 30 +/- 3 ml.100 g-1.min-1, respectively). The CBF response to changing PaCO2 was significantly greater when going from alpha-stat to pH-stat conditions (group 1) than in the reverse order (group 2).
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