Marxism is a form of socioeconomic analysis that explores class relations and societal conflict using a materialist interpretation of historical development and a dialectical view of social transformation it originates from the mid-to-late 19th century works of German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

Marxist methodology originally used a method of economic and sociopolitical inquiry known as historical materialism to analyze and critique the development of capitalism and the role of class struggle in systemic economic change. According to Marxist perspective, class conflict within capitalism arises due to intensifying contradictions between the highly productive mechanized and socialized production performed by the proletariat and the private ownership and appropriation of the surplus product (profit) by a small minority of the population who are private owners called the bourgeoisie. The contradiction between the forces and relations of production intensifies leading to crisis. The haute bourgeoisie and its managerial proxies are unable to manage the intensifying alienation of labor which the proletariat experiences, albeit with varying degrees of class consciousness, until social revolution ultimately results. The eventual long-term outcome of this revolution would be the establishment of socialism a socioeconomic system based on social ownership of the means of production, distribution based on one's contribution and production organized directly for use. As the productive forces and technology continued to advance, Marx hypothesized that socialism would eventually give way to a communist stage of social development, which would be a classless, stateless, humane society erected on common ownership and the principle: "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs". What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. What kind of inquiry was originally used by Marxism?
2. To do what?
3. What did it evaluate?
4. When did it originate?
5. Where ustralian philosophers responsible for the theory?
6. Which two philosophers are?
7. And the other?
8. Where are they from?
9. What are the private owners called?
10. Who provides the labor force?
11. What does tension between these two groups result in?
12. What eventually happens due to the disagreement between them?
13. And what occurs as a result of this?
14. Is that a form of economic system?
15. What is it rooted in?
16. Of what?
17. What quote from Marx is given in the passage?
18. How is how much a person is given decided?
19. What is another term for appropriation of the surplus product?
20. What view of social transformation is described?
Answer: 1. historical materialism
2. to analyze
3. capitalism
4. from the mid-to-late 19th century
5. No
6. One was Karl Marx
7. Friedrich Engels
8. Germany
9. the bourgeoisie
10. the proletariat
11. class conflict
12. social revolution
13. the establishment of socialism
14. Yes
15. social ownership
16. the means of production
17. "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs"
18. it's based on one's contribution
19. profit
20. a dialectical view

CHAPTER XV

SOMETHING OF A MYSTERY

"Dan Baxter!"

The cry came simultaneously from several of the crowd.

"I think Dick is right," said Songbird. "I thought it must be Dan, but I wasn't sure, for I didn't expect to see him here."

"He and that Sack Todd must have become friends," put in Tom. "I would like to know what Dan is doing out here."

"He is certainly up to no good," answered Dick. "I must say this adds to the mystery, doesn't it, boys?"

"That's what it does," chimed in Sam. "I wish we could catch Baxter and bring him to justice."

"Or reform him," came from Dick.

"Reform him, Dick!" cried Tom. "That would be mighty uphill work."

"It isn't in him," added Fred. "He is tee-totally bad."

"I used to think that of Dan's father, but Arnold Baxter has reformed--and he wants his son to do likewise."

"Well, that isn't here or there," said Tom after a pause. "What are we to do just now?"

"Let us push on to town first," answered Songbird. "After that, we can rearrange our plans if we wish."

This was considered good advice, and once again they urged their steeds along. Coming to a high point in the trail, they made out Caville a mile distant, and rode into the town about noon.

It was not much of a place, and the single hotel afforded only the slimmest of accommodations. But they had to be satisfied, and so made the best of it. What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. Who was everyone surprised to see?
2. Who was first to recognize him?
3. Is everyone happy to see him?
4. What do they think he is doing there?
5. Who do they suspect is buddies with him?
6. Do they know what Dan's purpose there is?
7. Was Songbird sure that it was Dan when he first saw him?
8. What does Dick want to do with Dan?
9. What does Sam want to do?
10. Who does Tom agree with?
11. What about Fred?
12. Why does Fred think he can't be reformed?
13. Who is Arnold?
14. Was he bad person at one point?
15. Has he given up on Dan?
Answer: 1. Dan Baxter
2. Dick
3. No
4. up to no good
5. Sack Todd
6. no
7. wasn't sure
8. reform him
9. bring him to justice."
10. Sam
11. Sam
12. He is tee-totally bad
13. Dan's father,
14. Yes he has reformed
15. he wants his son to do likewise."

NEW YORK (CNN) -- An oil painting was returned Tuesday to the estate of a Jewish art dealer who was forced to consign the painting and other artwork under Nazi Germany before fleeing the country.

"Portrait of a Musician Playing a Bagpipe" was done in 1632 by an unknown artist.

The painting, "Portrait of a Musician Playing a Bagpipe," was done in 1632 by an unknown painter from the Northern Netherlandish school, according to a statement from the U.S. attorney's office in southern New York.

It was owned by Max Stern, an art dealer who had a gallery in Dusseldorf, Germany, until 1937, when the Nazis' Reich Chamber for Fine Arts ordered him to liquidate the gallery and its inventory, the statement said.

Stern, who died in 1987, left no heirs. He and his wife had founded the Max Stern Art Restitution Project, which directly benefits Concordia University and McGill University in Montreal, Canada, and Hebrew University in Jerusalem, according to a statement from U.S Immigration and Customs Enforcement.

The painting was returned Tuesday -- Holocaust Remembrance Day -- to Clarence Epstein of Concordia University on behalf of the executors of the estate, said Lou Martinez of the immigration agency.

It was returned in a ceremony at the Museum of Jewish Heritage in New York, he said.

The painting had been owned by Philip Mould Ltd., a London, England, gallery, when Lawrence Steigrad, a New York art dealer, bought it in 2008, the New York attorney's office said.

Neither had any idea of the painting's past. Philip Mould Ltd. had purchased the painting the year before from Lempertz Auction House. The same auction house sold the painting in 1937 after Stern was forced to liquidate, without receiving any proceeds from the sale, the New York attorney's office said. What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. What type of painting was returned to the art dealer?
2. What was his religious affliction?
3. What did he have to do before leaving the country?
4. Who painted the artwork?
5. Who owned the painting?
6. When did he have to sell his inventory?
7. Why did he have to do this?
8. Where was his art gallery?
9. When was the painting returned?
10. What day of the week did that fall on?
11. Was the returning of the painting made official?
12. How so?
13. In what state did this take place?
14. Who purchased the painting in 2008?
15. Who was he?
16. Who owned it before that?
17. Where did this company do business?
Answer:
1. An oil painting
2. Jewish
3. he was forced to consign the painting
4. an unknown artist
5. Max Stern
6. in 1937
7. Nazis' Reich Chamber for Fine Arts ordered him to liquidate the gallery and its inventory
8. Dusseldorf, Germany,
9. on Holocaust Remembrance Day
10. Tuesday
11. yes
12. through a ceremony
13. New York
14. Lawrence Steigrad
15. a New York art dealer
16. Philip Mould Ltd
17. London, England