Information: - The Kingdom of the Lombards also known as the Lombard Kingdom; later the Kingdom of (all) Italy, was an early medieval state established by the Lombards, a Germanic-speaking people, on the Italian Peninsula in the latter part of the 6th century. The king was traditionally elected by the highest-ranking aristocrats, the dukes, as several attempts to establish a hereditary dynasty failed. The kingdom was subdivided into a varying number of duchies, ruled by semi-autonomous dukes, which were in turn subdivided into gastaldates at the municipal level. The capital of the kingdom and the center of its political life was Pavia in the modern northern Italian region of Lombardy. - The Lombards or Longobards (Italian "Longobardi" ) were a Germanic people who ruled large parts of the Italian Peninsula from 568 to 774. - Northern Italy is a cultural and geographical region, without any administrative purpose, used to indicate the northern part of the Italian state, also informally referred as "Il Nord", "Settentrione" or "Alta Italia". It consists of 8 regions in northern Italy: Aosta Valley, Piedmont, Liguria, Lombardy, Emilia-Romagna, Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Trentino-Alto Adige/Sudtirol. According to the 2011 census, its population was 27,213,372. For statistic purposes, the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica (ISTAT) uses the term Northwest Italy and Northeast Italy for identifying two of the five statistical regions in its reporting. These same subdivisions are used to demarcate first level Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) regions ("NUTS 1 regions") within the European Union, and the Italian constituencies for the European Parliament. - In historiography, the Western Roman Empire consists of the western provinces of the Roman Empire at any one time during which they were administered by a separate independent Imperial court, coequal with (or only nominally subordinate to) that administering the eastern half. Both "Western Roman Empire" and "Eastern Roman Empire" (or "Byzantine Empire") are modern terms describing "de facto" independent entities; however, at no point did Romans consider the Empire split into two, but rather considered it a single state governed by two separate Imperial courts out of administrative expediency. The view that the Empire was impossible to govern by one emperor was established by Diocletian following the disastrous civil wars and disintegration of the Crisis of the 3rd century, and was instituted in Roman law by his introduction of the Tetrarchy in AD 285, a form of government which was legally to endure in one form or another for centuries. The Western Court was periodically abolished and recreated for the next two centuries until final abolition by the Emperor Zeno in 480, by which time there was little effective central control left in the area legally administered by the Western Court. - In the Byzantine Empire, an exarch ("exarchos") was a governor with extended authority over a province at some distance from the capital Constantinople. The prevailing situation frequently involved him in military operations. - Eutychius was the last Exarch of Ravenna ( circa 727 -- 751 ) . The Exarchate of Ravenna had risen in revolt in 727 at the imposition of iconoclasm ; the Exarch Paul lost his life attempting to quash the revolt . In response , Emperor Leo III the Isaurian ( r. 717 -- 741 ) sent the eunuch patrician Eutychius to take control of the situation . In certain historical works , Eutychius is mentioned as having served as exarch already in 710/11 -- 713 , between the tenures of John III Rizocopus and Scholasticus . This is however a modern interpolation based on an erroneous reading of the Liber pontificalis . Eutychius landed in Naples , where he called upon loyal citizens to assassinate Pope Gregory II. When the citizens responded by pledging to defend the Pope and to die in his defense , Eutychius turned his attention to the Lombards , offering King Liutprand and the Lombard dukes bribes if they would abandon Pope Gregory . Despite all of this , according to Jeffrey Richards , Pope Gregory persisted in his efforts to preserve imperial rule in Italy . Eutychius 's efforts eventually gained results : King Liutprand came to an agreement with the Exarch , and agreed to support him in return for assistance in subjecting the duchies of Benevento and Spoleto . Pope Gregory , however , met with Liutprand , and convinced him to abandon the effort , then with Liutprand 's help effected a reconciliation with Eutychius . When one Tiberius Petasius proclaimed himself emperor in Tuscia and Eutychius found himself critically short of manpower , Pope Gregory ordered the Roman army to help him put down the rebellion , and Petasius was killed . Conflict with the Lombards resulted in disaster in 737 , when the exarchate 's capital , Ravenna , was seized by Liutprand . Further warfare erupted in 739 . Pope Gregory III had supported the dukes of Benevento and Spoleto against Liutprand , causing the latter to invade central Italy . The exarchate , as well as the Duchy of Rome , was ravaged and Ravenna fell to the Lombards ; Eutychius... - Emilia-Romagna (, Romagnol: "Emelia-Rumagna") is an administrative Region of Northeast Italy, comprising the historical regions of Emilia and Romagna. Its capital is Bologna. It has an area of , and about 4.4 million inhabitants. - Romagna (Romagnol: "Rumagna") is an Italian historical region that approximately corresponds to the south-eastern portion of present-day Emilia-Romagna. Traditionally, it is limited by the Apennines to the south-west, the Adriatic to the east, and the rivers Reno and Sillaro to the north and west. The region's major cities include Cesena, Faenza, Forli, Imola, Ravenna, Rimini and City of San Marino (San Marino is a landlocked state inside the Romagna historical region). The region has been recently formally expanded with the transfer of seven comuni (Casteldelci, Maiolo, Novafeltria, Pennabilli, San Leo, Sant'Agata Feltria, Talamello) from the Marche region, which are a small number of comuni where Romagnolo dialect is spoken. Etymology. The name "Romagna" comes from the Latin name "Romania", which originally was the generic name for "land inhabited by Romans", and first appeared on Latin documents in the 5th century. It later took on the more detailed meaning of "territory subjected to Eastern Roman rule", whose citizens called themselves Romans ("Romani" in Latin; "Romaioi" in Greek). Thus the term "Romania" came to be used to refer to the territory administered by the Exarchate of Ravenna in contrast to other parts of Northern Italy under Lombard rule, named "Langobardia" or "Lombardy". "Romania" later became "Romandiola" in Vulgar Latin, meaning "little Romania", which became "Romagna" in modern times. History. Prehistory. A number of archaeological sites in the region, such as Monte Poggiolo, show that Romagna has been inhabited since the Paleolithic age. - Ravenna (also locally ) is the capital city of the Province of Ravenna, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy. It was the capital city of the Western Roman Empire from 402 until that empire collapsed in 476. It then served as the capital of the Kingdom of the Ostrogoths until it was re-conquered in 540 by the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. Afterwards, the city formed the centre of the Byzantine Exarchate of Ravenna until the invasion of the Lombards in 751, after which it became the seat of the Kingdom of the Lombards. - The Exarchate of Ravenna or of Italy was a center of Byzantine (East Roman) power in Italy, from 584 to 751, when the last exarch was put to death by the Lombards. - The province of Ravenna is a province in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Ravenna. As of 2015, it has a population of 391,997 inhabitants over an area of , giving it a population density of 210.81 inhabitants per square kilometre. Its provincial president is Claudio Casadio. After reading the paragraphs above, choose the best answer for the entity that related to 'eutychius ' with the relationship of 'country of citizenship'. Choices: - bologna - byzantine empire - italy - lombards - san marino - western roman empire
byzantine empire