TASK DEFINITION: Given an abstract, indicate which of the provided candidate titles (Option1 and Option2) best describes it (respond with the text of the title, not option1/2).
PROBLEM: Abstract: Eighteen cancer patients receiving intensive chemotherapy developed leukopenia, fever, dysphagia, and oropharyngeal soreness. Superficial esophageal ulceration suggestive of esophagitis was demonstrated by radiographic examination in 33% of the patients (5/15). Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed superficial ulceration and white mucosal patches in all patients. There was no morbidity associated with the endoscopic procedures. Sixty-one percent of the patients (11/18) had monilia albicans cultured from the oropharyngeal cavity, and 50% (9/18) had monilia cultured from the esophageal lesions. The evolution of the esophagitis correlated well with the survival of the patients. The monilial esophagitis persisted in six patients who all died within 24 days of systemic moniliasis. After initial improvement five additional patients succumbed; three of them from severe fungal infection. There was resolution of the esophagitis in the remaining seven patients who survived longer. However, two of them had recurrent monilial esophagitis and succumbed to systemic candidiasis. The other five have remained free of esophagitis, their underlying malignancies have remained under control, and so far they have survived an average of one and a half years. Endoscopy is more accurate than radiography in detecting postchemotherapy esophagitis. This complication can be fatal, since it is often followed by systemic candidiasis.
Which is the apt title for the abstract? option1: Postchemotherapy esophagitis: the endoscopic diagnosis and its impact on survival. option2: Miniplate fixation of Le Fort I osteotomies.

SOLUTION: Postchemotherapy esophagitis: the endoscopic diagnosis and its impact on survival.

PROBLEM: Abstract: In this investigation, determinations of peak diastolic filling rate (PDFR) and ejection fraction (EF) by two distinct nuclear techniques--gated radionuclide angiography (RNA) and nuclear cardiac probe (NCP)--were compared with contrast ventriculography in 44 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). In addition, PDFR was tested as a potential index of the severity of disease. Good agreement in PDFR was found between NCP and contrast ventriculography (r = 0.83, p less than 0.001), but there was poor correlation between RNA and contrast ventriculography. Ejection fraction measured by either RNA or NCP correlated well with contrast ventriculography (r = 0.96 and r = 0.73, respectively). A positive correlation was found between PDFR and the EF measured by the NCP (r = 0.79) and by contrast ventriculography (r = 0.64), but poor correlation was found between these parameters by RNA. Patients with multivessel CAD had lower PDFR than patients with single vessel disease when studied by the NCP (1.6 +/- 0.4 versus 2.5 versus 0.6 EDV/sec [mean +/- s.d.], p less than 0.0001), but not by RNA. Thus, compared with contrast ventriculography, determination of PDFR is more accurate by NCP than by RNA. Furthermore, the PDFR measured by NCP, but not by RNA, may be a potentially useful index of the extent of CAD.
Which is the apt title for the abstract? option1: Comparison of left ventricular diastolic function as determined by nuclear cardiac probe, radionuclide angiography, and contrast cineangiography. option2: Systemic tetracycline hydrochloride as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of persistent epithelial defects.

SOLUTION: Comparison of left ventricular diastolic function as determined by nuclear cardiac probe, radionuclide angiography, and contrast cineangiography.

PROBLEM: Abstract: The fragile site at Xq27, associated with a common form of X-linked mental retardation (XLMR), is expressed in a variable proportion of the peripheral lymphocytes of affected males when the cells are cultured under thymidylate stress (Td stress) produced by folate or thymidylate deprivation. Some clinically normal males--transmitting males--are known to carry and transmit the fragile X mutation and yet show no cytogenetic expression in lymphocytes. Normal males with no family history of X-linked mental retardation express the site only rarely. When the fragile X chromosome from affected males is isolated in a rodent genetic background by somatic cell hybridization, the level of expression is similar to that seen in lymphocytes under Td stress. Here we show that X chromosomes from two transmitting males and two normal control males, all of which were fragile X negative in lymphocytes or lymphoblasts, could be made to express the fragile site in hybrids, although at levels that were below those seen in hybrids from affected males. Furthermore, transmitting males could be differentiated from normal males by their significantly higher expression rates when hybrids were exposed to caffeine before cytogenetic harvest. One male chimpanzee also showed low level expression in hybrid cells. These data suggest that the hybrid system lowers the threshold for fragile X expression, a fragile site at Xq27 may be present on all human and chimpanzee X chromosomes and constitutes a previously unrecognized common fragile site and the hybrid system with caffeine post-treatment can distinguish between the common Xq27 fragile site of control males, the occult mutant fragile site of a transmitting male, and the fully expressed fragile site of an affected male with XLMR. Thus the mutation producing XLMR may represent a multi-step alteration of a naturally occurring DNA sequence producing a continuum of cytogenetic expression and a threshold for clinical manifestation.
Which is the apt title for the abstract? option1: Implications of fragile X expression in normal males for the nature of the mutation. option2: Chest wall after mastectomy. Part II. CT appearance of tumor recurrence.

SOLUTION:
Implications of fragile X expression in normal males for the nature of the mutation.