Detailed Instructions: In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. You should write an incorrect option. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
Problem:inference that the defendants engage in those activities or "may be presentwhether officially or unofficiallyin and around the Chagos Archipelago." Pis.' Reply to Brown & Root Opp'n at 4. Likewise, assuming ar-guendo that certain former board members were fully aware of the plaintiffs' removal from Chagos, that knowledge or awareness is not sufficient to infer that they (and by extension, the defendants) engaged in some kind of a conspiracy to remove the plaintiffs. Id. at 5. As a result, the plaintiffs' optimistic conclusion that these facts "create!] a reasonable basis for Plaintiffs' conspiracy and continuing involvement theories" is a classic example of a conclusory allegation unsupported by factual data. Pis.' Reply to Brown & Root Opp'n at 4; accord Byrd, 174 F.3d at 248 n. 8 (<HOLDING>); Exxon Corp., 40 F.3d at 1487-88 (viewing the
Holding statements: (A) holding that allegations against nondiverse defendants must be factual not conclusory because conclusory allegations do not state a claim (B) holding that a conclusory opinion may be rejected (C) holding party opposing summary judgment does not show genuine issue for trial by replacing conclusory allegations of the complaint or answer with conclusory allegations of an affidavit (D) holding that the plaintiffs allegations that there may well be agency knowledge or documents that could aid his case was plainly conclusory (E) holding that a court need not accept as true conclusory allegations which are contradicted by documents referred to in the complaint
Solution:
holding that allegations against nondiverse defendants must be factual not conclusory because conclusory allegations do not state a claim