INPUT ARTICLE: Article: The tank or reservoir holds the water, and should not be filled above the "max fill" line. It's best to use cold, purified water to prevent limescale and mineral buildup. Remove the filter basket from the machine and put a new coffee filter in it. Add 1 tablespoon (15ml) to 2 tablespoons (30ml) of freshly ground coffee to the filter for every 6 ounces of water. Gently shake the basket from side to side to distribute the grounds. Put the filter basket back in its designated place. Put the clean carafe underneath the filter in its designated spot on the warming plate. Press the switch to turn on the machine, then wait about 5 minutes for the coffee to brew. Don't forget to turn on the warmer too, if the machine has one.

SUMMARY: Fill the tank with water. Put coffee grounds in the filter basket. Replace the filter basket and carafe and turn on the machine.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Caffeine is widely known to be a stimulant, often causing people to feel jittery or more alert. Ingesting caffeine before bed, even if you are a regular coffee drinker, can make you feel more alert, delay your sense of sleepiness, and keep you from getting to bed on time. This means avoiding beverages like coffee (even decaf coffee), soda, and non-herbal teas. Chocolate also contains measurable amounts of caffeine. It's a good idea to skip the chocolate before bedtime as well. It's important to give your brain a chance to slow down from the day before you try to make yourself go to bed. For this reason, you should stop working (whether it's job-related or school-related) at least one hour before bed so you can unwind a bit. This also means that you should quit working on homework or other projects at least one hour before you plan to go to sleep. One of the main problems with eating before bedtime is that these most likely constitute as extra calories from an extra meal that may push you over your caloric intake for the day. But eating before bed, especially sugary (or otherwise unhealthy) items can cause a spike in your blood sugar that delays your sleep hormones. A good rule of thumb is to avoid eating for at least two hours before bed. If you must eat something before bed, try to eat something that is high in fiber and low in sugar like apple slices and almond butter, some carrot sticks with hummus, or half an avocado. While the jury is still out about whether or not herbal tea actually helps people become sleepier, studies have shown that it does help people feel more relaxed as they drink it. This is equally important when getting ready for bedtime. Try choosing a tea that contains chamomile, lavender, peppermint, spearmint, or lemon grass. Make sure you choose an herbal tea with no caffeine. Different people have varying sleep needs. For example, babies need much more sleep each day than adults. And older adults require even less sleep than younger adults. Knowing how much sleep you need each night will help you calculate when you need to set your bedtime. Newborns typically need 14-17 hours per day. Infants typically need 12-15 hours of sleep per day. Children need 9-11 hours of sleep per day. Teenagers require 8-10 hours of sleep per day. Adults typically need 7-9 hours of sleep per day

SUMMARY: Avoid caffeine later than six and a half hours before bed. Stop working at least an hour before bed. Avoid eating meals for at least two hours before sleep. Drink some herbal tea. Know how much sleep you need.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Place your knight directly between the two pieces on the closest file to either side of the king or rook line. Say something like: "wouldn't this suck, this is called a fork. I've put two pieces in danger and I can take your rook free of charge." To accentuate this fact, do the same, replacing your student's rook with their queen. Place one of your bishops at the opposite corner. Explain that they have to get their king out of danger but will lose their queen because of it. Explain that this is a pin and because the king has to move, it is also a discovered attack. Place your bishop so that it attacks the rook and the king. Tell them that this is a pin, fork, and a discovered attack all in one. Many chess tournaments require you to take notation while playing to let you analyze it after playing and improve your game. Many chess boards should have the alphanumeric system already on it. The length of the board runs from a to h (from white's perspective; if black, it is reversed. The width of the board runs from 1 to 8 (from white's side to black's side; again, reversed if from black's perspective). If white, the bottom right corner should always be white. This square is called h1. Rows are called "ranks"; columns are called "files." If there are no pawns in a file, it is said to be "open." If only one pawn of one color is on a file, it is "semi-open." If pawns of different colors, then it is a closed file. If they demonstrate correctly, then play them in a game. Teach them simple openings. Openings should not be analyzed into much detail unless they are highly advanced players. Basic opening principles should be taught, however, including the three objectives of the opening: Open up your diagonals to let the pieces develop. Pawn to e4 is the best move for white for beginners because it opens up the bishop and queen diagonals simultaneously. Teach them to develop their knights before their bishops, to castle early, get their rooks on the center (d and e) files, and attack the king using tactics. Take control of the center, which constitute the middle four squares of the board. In other words, put your pawns on e4 (and d4 if possible) and develop your knights so that they can easily move into the center. Get your king into safety. This is perhaps the most important goal, for beginner players. Often they will fall into early mating traps, such as the Scholar's Mate. Be sure to help your student avoid falling into them, as the player who tries them will usually fall behind in development. The openings you should teach are the Ruy Lopez, Italian Game, Four Knights, and other common king-pawn openings. For black, it is best to stick with the response 1...e5 for a while until teaching them other responses, such as the Sicilian Defense, French Defense, etc.

SUMMARY:
Place your student's king on the board and their rook four spaces horizontally or vertically away. Place your student's queen in a corner of the board, place their king one diagonal space towards the center of the board. Keep your student's king and queen on the same spot, but place a rook on the same colored tile a few spaces away. Teach them algebraic notation, the widely used chess notation. Have your student explain movement, advanced movement and basic tactics by moving the pieces.