Article: Separate an egg yolk from the white, and put it into a small bowl. Add the cold water and the vanilla extract. Mix briskly with a fork or mini whisk until the yolks break and turn smooth, then set aside. You can use all-purpose flour, but cake flour will give you even better results. Stir them briskly together using a fork or whisk until they are evenly combined. Cut the butter into -inch (0.64 centimeter) thick slices first, then combine it with the flour mixture. You can do this using a pastry blender, two crisscrossing knives, or in a food processor. The crumbs should be no larger than small peas. For best results, use cold butter straight from the fridge. Combine the two using a fork or rubber spatula. Do not overwork the dough, or the butter will become too soft. Once the dough has come together, transfer it to a lightly floured surface and gently pat it into a 6-inch (15.24 centimeters) wide disk. Wrap it up with some plastic wrap, and put it into the fridge for at least 30 to 60 minutes or overnight. The dough must be cold before you roll it out. Every so often, lift the dough and turn it by a quarter. Dust the dough with flour as needed to prevent sticking. Gently pat the dough against the bottom and the sides of the pan. Trim off any excess, overhanging dough until it is inch (1.91 centimeters) above the rim. This will prevent any shrinking. Try to use a fluted tart tin with a removable bottom. If you absolutely cannot find one, you can use a regular tart tin; you just won't be able to take the tart out of the tin at all. The pierced holes will prevent the dough from fluffing up during baking. Again, the dough must be properly chilled before you bake it; it would have softened up considerably during all that rolling. Alternatively, you can line the crust with tin foil or parchment paper just before baking, and fill it with pie weights, uncooked rice, or dried, uncooked beans. Preheat the oven to 350F (177C), and make sure that the baking rack is in the bottom third of the oven. Once the oven is hot enough, place the crust inside and bake it for 25 minutes, or until it turns golden brown. Once the crust is completely baked, take it out of the oven and place it onto a wire rack to cool off. Do not remove the crust from the tin.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Combine the egg yolk, water, and vanilla extract, then set it aside. Combine the flour, sugar, and salt in a separate bowl. Cut the butter into the flour mixture until it resembles coarse crumbs. Blend the egg mixture into the flour mixture until the dough comes together. Form the dough into a thick disk, cover it with plastic wrap, and refrigerate it for 30 to 60 minutes. Roll the dough out into a 12-inch (30.48 centimeters) wide circle. Transfer the dough into a 9-inch (24.77 centimeters) tart tin with a removable bottom. Pierce the bottom of the crust a few times with a fork, then refrigerate it until it turns firm, again, about 30 minutes. Bake the crust in a preheated oven at 350F (177C) for 25 minutes. Set the crust aside to cool.

Problem: Article: Understanding law is fundamental to understanding scientific terminology: a scientific law is a statement, based on repeated long-term observation, which describes any phenomena of nature. Laws have never been refuted (hence their relatively small number) and are not explanations; they are descriptions and are often stated through relatively simple mathematical equations. Scientific laws, despite their formality, can change or have exceptions as scientific understandings of phenomena evolve. Helping someone understand scientific lawan admittedly abstract conceptwill allow them to differentiate between theory and fact. In many ways, laws are a starting place; they are often observed and have never been refuted, but do not explain why something occurs. As an example, the Law of Gravity has been known in the scientific community since the late 17th century. The law describes the natural phenomenon of gravity, but does not provide an explanation as to how and why gravity functions. Scientifically speaking, a theory is a rational explanation of why an aspect of our world functions in a certain way. The definition of a theory will incorporate facts and laws, although the 3 are fundamentally separate. A theory builds from initial hypotheses (educated guesses) and can be revised in accordance with the development of a scientific understanding of a phenomena's cause. A theory is confirmed by all available evidence such that it can be used to predict new, as yet unobserved phenomena. This will help clarify your point and make a clearer explanation. The theory is used to explain an occurrence, while the law describes a phenomenon under specific circumstances in nature. For example, the scientific Theory of Natural Selection corresponds with the Law of Evolution. While the law states an observed natural phenomena (life forms develop new characteristics based on external circumstances), the theory describes how and why this happens.
Summary: Define a scientific law. Provide examples of laws. Define a scientific theory. Provide an example of scientific theory.

Slowly inhale and exhale to signal your body to relax, and to restore equilibrium if you are feeling out of sorts and tense. This also gives you a few extra moments to evaluate the situation and how you will choose to respond. Practice regular meditation to learn how to control your emotions and calm yourself down when you need to. Try inhaling for 5 seconds, holding it for 5 seconds, and then exhaling over 5 seconds. This is a general standard rhythm, but experiment to see what timing works best for you. Taking a step away from the situation allows you to remove yourself from the situation if you are worried that your immediate reaction won't be one of patience. This will help you to feel more level-headed to face the next few moments. When you step away, try slowly counting to 10 or taking deep breaths to help you to be able to return more quickly. You could also try yelling your frustrations into a pillow when you have stepped away. Maintain supervision of the children even when you need to step away. Use a baby monitor or ask another adult to look over them. Singing can make losing your patience or temper much more difficult, as it can easily diffuse the situation into laughter instead. You can still say what you need to, however it will be much better received, and you won't feel as though you have lost your patience as much. The singing may come as a surprise to the kids, which will make them more likely to pay attention to what you are saying. Try to keep having a connection and understanding at the forefront of your mind. Avoid lecturing them, and be reflective rather than reactive. Listen to the children before you speak, and talk with them rather than at them. Simply saying "kids, I'm losing my patience," can also help, as it openly communicates with the kids how you are feeling and lets them respond to it. The cycling nature of mantras is soothing and serene, which can definitely help in situations where you feel that you might lose your patience. Mantras can also help for you to put the situation in perspective. For a patience boost, try "This too will pass, and I can stand it." To add perspective, try "I love my kids more than I love my . . ." and include whatever the situation is about such as plates, a wall, or the garden. Take a moment to evaluate the situation from the child's point of view. This will help you to work out what their intentions are, and how to react in a way that they will understand. The more you practice this, the easier it will become to understand the child's perspective in the future. This means that you will lose your patience less in future situations.
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One-sentence summary --
Take a few deep breaths. Step away for a moment if possible. Sing what you want to say. Talk it out with the kids. Repeat a mantra. Put yourself in the kid's shoes.