Q: The German Empire (, officially ') was the German nation state that existed from the Unification of Germany in 1871 until the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II in 1918.

It was founded in 1871 when Wilhelm I, King of Prussia from the Hohenzollern dynasty was proclaimed the German Emperor in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles. Berlin became its capital with the Berlin Palace being the Emperor's official residence. Its constitution entered into force, and Otto von Bismarck became the first Chancellor. As these events occurred, the Prussian-led North German Confederation and its southern German allies were still engaged in the Franco-Prussian War. The state was founded with a notable exclusion of Austria and, as such, represented the Lesser German solution ("Kleindeutsche Losung").

The German Empire consisted of 26 constituent territories, with most being ruled by royal families. This included four kingdoms, six grand duchies, five duchies (six before 1876), seven principalities, three free Hanseatic cities, and one imperial territory. Although Prussia became one of several kingdoms in the new realm, it contained most of its population and territory, thus remaining a powerhouse with a major say in imperial affairs. Its influence also helped define modern German culture.

1. 1871
2. 26
3. 1871
4. Wilhelm I
5. four kingdoms
6. no
7. the royal families
8. One
9. Berlin
10. 1871-1918
11. Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated

Numbered questions:
1. When was it founded?
2. How many territories does it consist of?
3. When was it founded?
4. by whom?
5. How many Kingdoms were there?
6. Were most territories ruled by the people?
7. Who were they ruled by?
8. How many imperial territories were there?
9. What was it's capital?
10. When did the German Empire exist?
11. What happened in 1918?

Q: Malaysia ( or ; ) is a federal constitutional monarchy located in Southeast Asia. It consists of thirteen states and three federal territories and has a total landmass of separated by the South China Sea into two similarly sized regions, Peninsular Malaysia and East Malaysia (Malaysian Borneo). Peninsular Malaysia shares a land and maritime border with Thailand and maritime borders with Singapore, Vietnam, and Indonesia. East Malaysia shares land and maritime borders with Brunei and Indonesia and a maritime border with the Philippines and Vietnam. The capital city is Kuala Lumpur, while Putrajaya is the seat of the federal government. With a population of over 30 million, Malaysia is the 44th most populous country. The southernmost point of continental Eurasia, Tanjung Piai, is in Malaysia. Located in the tropics, Malaysia is one of 17 megadiverse countries on earth, with large numbers of endemic species.

Malaysia has its origins in the Malay kingdoms present in the area which, from the 18th century, became subject to the British Empire. The first British territories were known as the Straits Settlements, whose establishment was followed by the Malay kingdoms becoming British protectorates. The territories on Peninsular Malaysia were first unified as the Malayan Union in 1946. Malaya was restructured as the Federation of Malaya in 1948, and achieved independence on 31 August 1957. Malaya united with North Borneo, Sarawak, and Singapore on 16 September 1963 to become Malaysia. Less than two years later in 1965, Singapore was expelled from the federation.

1. Malaysia
2. Asia.
3. Southeast
4. federal
5. monarchy
6. 13
7. Two
8. Peninsular Malaysia and East Malaysia
9. Malay kingdoms
10. 18th century,
11. British Empire
12. Straits Settlements
13. 1946
14. Malayan Union
15. 31 August 1957
16. North Borneo
17. Sarawak
18. yes
19. Singapore
20. no

Numbered questions:
1. Which country is this?
2. Where is it located?
3. Which part?
4. What kind of government does it have?
5. Is it a democracy?
6. How many states does it have?
7. What about regions?
8. Which are they?
9. Where did it originate?
10. Since when?
11. Who ruled them"
12. What were the first sections of theirs called?
13. When did they first unify?
14. What was it called?
15. When did it become independent?
16. Who did it unite with later?
17. Who else?
18. Anyone else?
19. Who?
20. Did they stay involved?

Q: Isabella Stewart was born in New York City in 1 840.Her father made a great deal of money in the trade.During school,her parents took her to Italy to explore the country's many cultural treasures.

One of the private art collections Isabella visited in Milan had a deep influence on her.She wrote to her friends about her dream of owning a house one day with an art collection like the one she had seen in Italy.

In Paris,Isabella became close friends with one of her classmates,Julia Gardner,whose family was from Boston.Julia would later introduce Isabella to her brother,Jack.In 1 860,Isabella Stewart married Jack Gardner.

The couple had too much art to fit inside their home.So they decided to start planning a museum.Mrs. Gardner didn't like the cold and empty.spaces of many museums during her time.She wanted a warm museum filled with light.She once said that she decided years ago that the greatest need in her country was art.America was a young country developing quickly in other areas.But the country needed more chances for people to See beautiful examples of art.

After her husband's death in 1 898.Isabella knew she had no time to lose in building her museum.She bought land,hired a building designer,and supervised every detail of her museum's construction.

Mrs.Gardner opened her museum on January 1,1 903,which was then called Fenway Court.She invited her friends that night for a special musical performance.The next month,she opened the museum to the public.At first,visits were limited to twenty days out of the year.Visitors paid one dollar to enter.

Isabella Stewart Gardner died in 1 924 in Boston.In her will,she left the museum a million dollars and a series of requirements about how it should be managed, one that the permanent collection cannot be changed.

1. New York City
2. Julia Gardner
3. One of the private art collections she visited
4. Isabella didn't like the cold and wanted a museum full of light
5. Italy
6. January 1 ,1903
7. Fenway Court
8. a million dollars
9. Yes
10. The next month

Numbered questions:
1. Where was Isabella Steward born?
2. What was the name of her classmate in Paris she became close friends with?
3. What had great influnce on Ms. Steward in Milan?
4. Why did the Gardners decide to open an Art museum?
5. Where did Isabella's parents take her to study the countries many cultural treasures?
6. What was the date Mrs. Gardner opened her museum?
7. What was the name of the muesum then?
8. What did Mrs. Gardner leave the museum in her will?
9. Did she have any requirements to how the museum should be managed?
10. how long after the initial opening was the museum opem to the public?