Problem: Coincidences happen all the time to ordinary people, but the following events are perhaps some of the strangest of them all.

1. In the 19thcentury, the famous writer, Edgar Allan Poe, wrote a book called The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket. It was about four survivors of a shipwreck who were in an open boat for many days before three of them decided to kill and eat the cabin boy whose name was Richard Parker. Some years later, in 1884, the boat Mignonette sank, and only four survivors were left in an open boat for many days. Finally the three older members killed and ate the cabin boy. The name of the cabin boy was Richard Parker.

2. In Monza, Italy, King Umberto I went to a small restaurant for dinner. When the owner took King Umberto I's order, the King noticed that he and the restaurant owner were doubles, in face and in build. Both men began discussing the resemblance between each other and found many more similarities. Both men were born in the same place, on the same day, of the same year (March 14, 1844, Turin, Italy). On the day that the King married Queen Margherita, the restaurant owner had married a lady named Margherita. The restaurant owner opened his restaurant on the same day that King Umberto I was crowned King of Italy. On July 29, 1900, King Umberto I was informed that the restaurant owner had died that day in a shooting accident, and as he expressed his regret, someone in the crowd killed him!

3. Mark Twain was a popular American author who wrote famous books such as The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Mark Twain was born on the day of the appearance of Halley's Comet in 1835, and died on the day of its next appearance in 1910. He himself predicted this in 1909, when he said: "I came in with Halley's Comet in1835. It is coming again next year, and I expect to go out with it."
1. When did Mark die?
2. What were his death and birth significant with?
3. what signified his birth and death?
4. Where was the King born?
5. What was his wife's name?
6. Who was he like?
7. who was he like?
8. What was the name of the boat that sunk?
9. Did anyone survive?
10. how many?
11. who wrote this book?
12. name of book?
13. when was it written?
14. when did the king die?
15. how?
16. did the restaurant owner die as well?
17. name a book written by Mark.
18. who was eaten by his mates?
19. Was Mark expecting to die?
20. when was the king born?
21. what did he go to the restaurant for?
Answer: 1. 1910
2. yes
3. Halley's Comet
4. Turin
5. Margherita
6. King
7. restaurant owner
8. Mignonette
9. yes
10. four
11. Edgar Allan Poe
12. The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket
13. 19th century
14. 1900
15. someone in the crowd killed him
16. yes
17. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
18. Richard Parker
19. yes
20. 1844
21. for dinner

Problem: In mathematics and mathematical logic, Boolean algebra is the branch of algebra in which the values of the variables are the truth values "true" and "false", usually denoted 1 and 0 respectively. Instead of elementary algebra where the values of the variables are numbers, and the prime operations are addition and multiplication, the main operations of Boolean algebra are the conjunction "and" denoted as , the disjunction "or" denoted as , and the negation "not" denoted as . It is thus a formalism for describing logical relations in the same way that ordinary algebra describes numeric relations.

Boolean algebra was introduced by George Boole in his first book "The Mathematical Analysis of Logic" (1847), and set forth more fully in his "An Investigation of the Laws of Thought" (1854). According to Huntington, the term "Boolean algebra" was first suggested by Sheffer in 1913.

Boolean algebra has been fundamental in the development of digital electronics, and is provided for in all modern programming languages. It is also used in set theory and statistics.

Boole's algebra predated the modern developments in abstract algebra and mathematical logic; it is however seen as connected to the origins of both fields. In an abstract setting, Boolean algebra was perfected in the late 19th century by Jevons, Schroder, Huntington, and others until it reached the modern conception of an (abstract) mathematical structure. For example, the empirical observation that one can manipulate expressions in the algebra of sets by translating them into expressions in Boole's algebra is explained in modern terms by saying that the algebra of sets is "a" Boolean algebra (note the indefinite article). In fact, M. H. Stone proved in 1936 that every Boolean algebra is isomorphic to a field of sets.
1. what did George Boole Introduce?
Answer: 1. George Boole

Problem: A vernacular or vernacular language is the native language or native dialect (usually colloquial or informal) of a specific population, especially as distinguished from a literary, national or standard variety of the language, or a lingua franca (also called a vehicular language) used in the region or state inhabited by that population. Some linguists use "vernacular" and "nonstandard dialect" as synonyms.

The use of "vernacular" is not recent. In 1688, James Howell wrote:

Concerning Italy, doubtless there were divers before the Latin did spread all over that Country; the Calabrian, and Apulian spoke Greek, whereof some Relicks are to be found to this day; but it was an adventitious, no Mother-Language to them: 'tis confess'd that Latium it self, and all the Territories about Rome, had the Latin for its maternal and common first vernacular Tongue; but Tuscany and Liguria had others quite discrepant, viz. the Hetruscane and Mesapian, whereof though there be some Records yet extant; yet there are none alive that can understand them: The Oscan, the Sabin and Tusculan, are thought to be but Dialects to these.

Here vernacular, mother language and dialect are already in use in a modern sense. According to Merriam-Webster, "vernacular" was brought into the English language as early as 1601 from the Latin "vernaculus" ("native") which had been in figurative use in Classical Latin as "national" and "domestic", having originally been derived from "vernus" and "verna", a male or female slave respectively born in the house rather than abroad. The figurative meaning was broadened from the diminutive extended words "vernaculus, vernacula". Varro, the classical Latin grammarian, used the term "vocabula vernacula", "termes de la langue nationale" or "vocabulary of the national language" as opposed to foreign words.
1. Is the use of vernacular recent?
2. What is a vernacular?
3. What are some synonyms?
4. Who spoke greek?
5. Anyone else?
6. When was the word introduced into the english language?
7. According to who?
8. From what latin word?
9. Which means?
10. How was it used in classical latin?
11. As what?
12. Anything else?
13. Derived from what originally?
14. Meaning?
15. How was the figurative meaning expanded?
16. Who was Varro?
17. What terms did he use?
18. Anything else?
19. And the last one?
20. As opposed to?
Answer:
1. No
2. The native language or native dialect of a specific population
3. vernacular" and "nonstandard dialect"
4. the Calabrian
5. The Apulian
6. as early as 1601
7. Merriam-Webster
8. Vernaculus
9. Native
10. Figuratively
11. National
12. Domestic
13. Vernus and Verna
14. A male or female slave respectively born in the house rather than abroad.
15. From the diminutive extended words "vernaculus, vernacula".
16. A classical Latin grammarian
17. vocabula vernacula
18. termes de la langue nationale
19. vocabulary of the national language
20. foreign words.