Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Context: The proportion of dendritic cell subpopulations in the skin is important for the severity of atopic dermatitis because topical treatment with tacrolimus leads to rapid depletion of inflammatory dendritic epidermal cells, whereas Langerhans cells (LCs) predominate in cured sites.', 'The effects of tacrolimus and TGF-beta1 on LC differentiation and the idea of tacrolimus skewing the differentiation of epidermal precursors to LCs were evaluated.', 'The presence of LC markers, MHC, and costimulatory molecules and stimulatory capacity toward T cells of monocyte-derived LCs were analyzed. Skin samples of patients with atopic dermatitis were assessed by means of immunofluorescence microscopy before and after tacrolimus treatment. TGF-beta production of skin cells was analyzed.', 'Tacrolimus and TGF-beta1 act synergistically on the generation of LCs and the expression of CD40, CD80, CD86, CD83, and MHC II; stabilize TGF-beta receptor II expression; and decrease the stimulatory capacity of LCs toward T cells. In vivo the number of epidermal LCs in tacrolimus-treated skin increased.
Answer: The synergism between TGF-beta1 and tacrolimus leads to the generation of LCs, reduced expression of costimulatory and MHC II molecules, and reduced stimulatory activity. Shifting the balance of the dendritic cell population to LCs might be of major importance for the therapeutic effect of tacrolimus.
Do tacrolimus and TGF-beta act synergistically on the generation of Langerhans cells?

Context: Accumulating evidences indicated that lncRNAs play crucial regulatory roles in oncogenesis and progression of cancers. BRAF activated non-coding RNA (BANCR) has been identified to contribute to the progression of some human cancers. However, the relationship between BANCR and bladder cancer (BC) is largely unclear.', 'BANCR expression levels in BC, paired non-cancer tissues and BC cell lines were detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). The relationships between BANCR expression levels and the clinical characteristics were evaluated. BANCR expression was enhanced by transfecting a pcDNA-BANCR vector. We used both CCK-8 assay and Edu assay to detect cell proliferation. We also detect cell apoptosis and migration by using ELISA assay, Flow cytometry and transwell assay, respectively. All statistical analyses were executed by using the SPSS 20.0 software.', 'BANCR expression levels were remarkably decreased in BC tissues compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues. BANCR expression levels in two BC cell lines were also significantly down-regulated. Clinicopathologic analysis revealed that low BANCR expression was positively correlated with TNM stage, but not associated with other clinicopathological characteristics. BANCR has been successfully overexpressed in BC cell lines (T24 and SW780) by transfecting a pcDNA-BANCR vector. Cell proliferation inhibition, apoptosis induction and migration suppression were also observed in pCDNA-BANCR-transfected T24 and SW780 cells.
Answer: These data suggested that BANCR represents a tumor suppressor player in bladder cancer, contributes to tumor proliferation, apoptosis and migration, and may serve as a new candidate biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for patients with BC.
Does over-expression of long noncoding RNA BANCR inhibit malignant phenotypes of human bladder cancer?

Context: To assess the effects of eccentric work-induced hamstring fatigue on sagittal and transverse plane (axial) knee and ankle biodynamics and kinetics during a running crossover cut directional change (functional pivot shift).', 'A pretest-posttest, single-group intervention experimental design was employed. All data were collected in a biodynamics laboratory.', 'Twenty healthy athletic females were trained for 3 weeks in crossover cutting before testing.', 'Data were sampled during 3 unfatigued and 3 fatigued (20% eccentric isokinetic knee-flexor torque reduction) crossover cut trials. Three-dimensional kinematic and ground reaction-force data were sampled at 200 Hz and 1000 Hz, respectively, and joint moment estimates were calculated. Data were standardized to initial force-plate heelstrike for comparisons of mean differences between conditions using paired t tests with Bonferroni adjustments. Pearson product-moment correlations compared kinematic and eccentric hamstring-torque relationships.', 'During internal rotation phase 1, between heelstrike and impact absorption, mean internal rotation velocity increased by 21.2 degrees /s +/- 114 degrees /s. During internal rotation phase II, mean peak transverse plane knee rotation during propulsion decreased by 3.1 degrees +/- 9 degrees . During internal rotation phase II, mean peak ankle plantar flexor moment onsets occurred 12.7 +/- 53 milliseconds earlier, and this activation demonstrated a moderately positive relationship with the onset of mean peak knee internal rotation during propulsion and a weak negative relationship with mean peak hamstring torque/lean body weight.
Answer: The increased knee internal rotation velocity during phase I indicates transverse plane dynamic knee-control deficits during hamstring fatigue. Earlier peak ankle plantar-flexor moments and decreased internal rotation during phase II in the presence of hamstring fatigue may represent compensatory attempts at dynamic knee stabilization from the posterior lower leg musculature during the pivot shift portion of the crossover cut. The weak relationship between decreased hamstring torque/lean body weight and delayed knee internal rotation during propulsion further supports greater dependence on ankle plantar flexors for dynamic knee stabilization compensation.
Does crossover cutting during hamstring fatigue produce transverse plane knee control deficits?