Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Immunology is a branch of biomedical science that covers the study of immune systems in all organisms. It charts, measures, and contextualizes the: physiological functioning of the immune system in states of both health and diseases; malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders (such as autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, immune deficiency, and transplant rejection); the physical, chemical and physiological characteristics of the components of the immune system in vitro, in situ, and in vivo. Immunology has applications in numerous disciplines of medicine, particularly in the fields of organ transplantation, oncology, virology, bacteriology, parasitology, psychiatry, and dermatology.

Prior to the designation of immunity from the etymological root immunis, which is Latin for "exempt"; early physicians characterized organs that would later be proven as essential components of the immune system. The important lymphoid organs of the immune system are the thymus and bone marrow, and chief lymphatic tissues such as spleen, tonsils, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, adenoids, and liver. When health conditions worsen to emergency status, portions of immune system organs including the thymus, spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes and other lymphatic tissues can be surgically excised for examination while patients are still alive.
1. Can some tissue be examined while the patients are still alive?
2. What is immunology a branch of?
3. Does it only study immune systems in humans?
4. How many organisms does it cover?
5. What states of the immune system does it chart?
6. What kind of functioning might it measure?
7. What's an example of an immunological disorder?
8. Is the immune system working as intended when someone has that?
9. What's another example of an immunological disorder?
10. How can a lymph node be excised?
11. Is the thymus an immune system organ?
12. What's another one?
13. What type of tissue is the tonsils?
14. Are lymphoid organs important or not?
15. What etymological root does immunity derive from?
16. What language is that from?
17. What's it mean in English?
18. Does Immunology have any application in oncology?
19. What about dermatology?
20. Can you name another field it has applications in?

Numbered answers:
1. Yes
2. Biomedical science
3. No
4. All organisms
5. Health and diseases
6. Physiological functioning
7. Autoimmune diseases
8. unknown
9. Hypersensitivities
10. Surgically
11. Yes
12. Spleen
13. lymphatic tissues
14. Yes
15. Immunis
16. Latin
17. unknown
18. Yes
19. .Yes
20. Psychiatry

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
On the southern fringes of Donetsk, in the shadow of a huge steel plant, a cacophony of barking overwhelms the dull thud of artillery fire. The PIF animal shelter is crammed with almost 1,000 dogs of all sizes, ages and breeds (though the number that can claim any sort of pedigree is probably in single figures).

Many are orphans of the conflict that has shaken this city for the past six months. Their owners have left or in a few cases been killed by the shelling. Some have been discovered tied up and emaciated; others carry the scars of shrapnel or hobble around on three legs. There are several in every cage, with a handful of straw to protect them from temperatures that plunge far below freezing at night.

The director of the sanctuary is Victoria Vasilieva, a tall middle-aged woman with jet black hair, whose compassion for the animals in her care is unstinting. She cradles a young dog called Jennifer, the only survivor when a shell hit her family's home near the airport. Jennifer was found traumatized in the ruins and it has taken weeks to gain her trust.

Vasilieva says that the dogs here used to be terrified by the sounds of war. Now, like the people of Donetsk, they hardly notice them.

Inside the office block, a puppy -- mostly black Labrador - is recovering from a broken leg and shrapnel wound. Vats of oatmeal are cooking in the yard. It's like feeding an army. A few very lucky dogs are going to new homes in Germany, Finland and Russia, but the great majority will remain at the shelter so long as there is money to feed them.
1. Who is director of the animal shelter?
2. Is she a young woman?
3. Does she have a lot of sympathy for the animals there?
4. Which animal is she holding during the story?
5. Were there any other survivors where she was found?
6. What happened to her family's house?
7. What was the extent of the dog's injuries?
8. Is she having trouble warming up to Victoria?
9. Where is this shelter?
10. What sits next to it?
11. how many dogs are housed at the shelter?
12. Are the majority full blooded breeds?
13. What's been happening there to cause so many dogs to be impounded?
14. For how long?
15. What's an example of how a dog might end up there?
16. Have some of them lost a limb?
17. How many are in each cage?
18. What do they have for warmth?
19. What is the black lab puppy healing from?
20. What do the dogs eat?

Numbered answers:
1. Victoria Vasilieva
2. no
3. yes
4. Jennifer
5. no
6. a shell hit it
7. she was traumatized
8. yes
9. Donetsk
10. a steel plant
11. almost 1,000
12. no
13. conflict
14. six months
15. being discovered tied up and emaciated
16. yes
17. several
18. a handful of straw
19. a broken leg and shrapnel wound
20. oatmeal

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
CHAPTER I

LARRY AND HIS FRIENDS

"Unless I miss my guess, Luke, we are going to have a storm."

"Jest what I was thinking, Larry. And when it comes I allow as how it will be putty heavy," replied Luke Striker, casting an eye to the westward, where a small dark cloud was beginning to show above the horizon.

"Well, we can't expect fine weather all the time," went on Larry Russell, inspecting the cloud with equal interest. "We want some wind anyway," he added. "We are not making this return trip to Nagasaki nearly as fast as we made the trip to Manila."

Luke Striker, a bronzed and weather-beaten Yankee sailor, rubbed his chin reflectively. "I was jest thinking o' the day I spied the old _Columbia_ in Manila harbor," he said, meditatively. "Tell ye, Larry, the sight 'most struck me dumb. 'The _Columbia_,' sez I to myself. An' then I thought I must be a-dreamin'. I wanted to find this ship ag'in in the worst way."

"The ship certainly seems like a home to me, Luke--and I reckon she always will seem that way. I've traveled a good many miles in her, since I first struck her at Honolulu in the Hawaiian Islands," responded Larry Russell.

"Yes--both of us have. But we never took no trip like this afore--carryin' a cargo for the Japanese Government, with that government at war with Russia." Luke Striker lowered his voice. "What's the outlook? Does the old man reckon to fall in with a Russian warship afore we can reach Nagasaki?"
1. where was Larry headed?
2. were they going fast?
3. who were they carrying cargo for?
4. what did Larry say was coming?
5. did Luke agree with this?
6. what was his job?
7. was he a yankee or a southerner?
8. was his complexion pale?
9. where did Larry find the ship?
10. does he think of it as home?
11. who was Japan at war with?
12. did Larry want wind?
13. how would it help?
14. where is Honolulu?
15. where did Luke cast his eye?
16. was the cloud big or small?
17. was it dark or light?
18. did Luke expect the storm to be light?
19. which trip was faster, Nagasaki, or Manila?
Numbered answers:
1. Nagasaki
2. no
3. Japanese Government
4. a storm.
5. yes
6. sailor
7. Yankee
8. bronzed
9. Honolulu
10. yes
11. Russia
12. yes
13. make return trip faster
14. Hawaiian Islands
15. westward
16. small
17. dark
18. no
19. the trip to Manila