TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: This writer distinguished between learning through description and learning through acquaintance in a work that introduces the Cartesian method of doubt with the example of a table. This man attempted to solve the problem of negative existentials in a work that claimed that "Aristotle" was not a name but a description. That work by this man also criticized Meinong and rejects the distinction between propositions and truth values proposed in (*) Frege's On Sense and Reference. This author of The Problems of Philosophy and "On Denoting" introduced his namesake paradox in naive set theory in a work that attempted to explain mathematics with axiomatic logic. For 10 points, name this British philosopher who co-wrote Principia Mathematica with Alfred North Whitehead.

SOLUTION: Social Science

PROBLEM: Several of his early works, including such operas as Cleonice, Demofoonte, and Artaserse, were written with librettist Pietro Metastasio. He had begun composing an opera based on the Song of Roland, but the discovery that Niccolo Piccini was given the same libretto to work on sparked a rivalry in the Parisian press and motivated him to compose Armide. Collaboration with the librettist Calzabigi resulted in the composition of the ballets Semiramide and Don Juan, as well as an opera featuring the "Dance of the Blessed Spirits" and another in whose preface he declared his intent to "restrict music to its true office of serving poetry. " FTP, identify this German classical composer of "reform" operas such as Alceste and Orfeo et Euridice.

SOLUTION: Fine Arts

PROBLEM: In one scene in this novel, Miss Van Campen confiscates the protagonist's alcohol, saying he is deliberately trying to make himself sick. The protagonist's love interest is friends with Helen Ferguson, while the protagonist has his knee operated on by Dr. Valentini. In one scene, the protagonist must shoot an engineer who refuses to help free his vehicle, while near the end, the he dives into the river to escape the "battle police." This novel ends when the protagonist reunites with his love in Switzerland after the mad retreat at the Battle of Caporetto, only for her to die after giving birth to a stillborn son. For 10 points, name this novel about ambulance driver Frederic Henry's affair with Catherine Barkley, a work by Ernest Hemingway.

SOLUTION:
Literature