Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Chapter VII.

MAGGIE IS VERY NAUGHTY.

As soon as the children reached the open air Tom said, "Here, Lucy, you come along with me," and walked off to the place where the toads were, as if there were no Maggie in existence. Lucy was naturally pleased that Cousin Tom was so good to her, and it was very amusing to see him tickling a fat toad with a piece of string, when the toad was safe down the area, with an iron grating over him.

Still Lucy wished Maggie to enjoy the sight also, especially as she would doubtless find a name for the toad, and say what had been his past history; for Lucy loved Maggie's stories about the live things they came upon by accident--how Mrs. Earwig had a wash at home, and one of her children had fallen into the hot copper, for which reason she was running so fast to fetch the doctor. So now the desire to know the history of a very portly toad made her run back to Maggie and say, "Oh, there is such a big, funny toad, Maggie! Do come and see."

Maggie said nothing, but turned away from her with a deep frown. She was actually beginning to think that she should like to make Lucy cry, by slapping or pinching her, especially as it might vex Tom, whom it was of no use to slap, even if she dared, because he didn't mind it. And if Lucy hadn't been there, Maggie was sure he would have made friends with her sooner.
1. Did Lucy like Maggie's stories?
2. What was Mrs. Earwig running for in Maggie's story?
3. Why?
4. What did Lucy want to hear a story about?
5. Did she ask Maggie to come look at it?
6. Did Maggie respond?
7. Why not?
8. To achieve what?
9. Is it hard to do that?
10. What is Maggie's goal?
11. Is Maggie jealous of Lucy's relationship with Tom?
12. Did she feel ignored?
13. What is Lucy's relationship to Tom?
14. What did Tom tickle a toad with?
15. What was over the toad?
16. Who did Tom ask to come with him?
17. Did she?
18. Was Lucy happy about Tom's attention to her?
19. What about Maggie?
20. Why not?

Numbered answers:
1. yes
2. fetching the doctor
3. one of her children had fallen into the hot copper
4. a toad
5. yes
6. no
7. she wanted to make Lucy cry
8. vex Tom
9. yes
10. make friends with Tom
11. yes
12. yes
13. cousin
14. piece of string
15. iron grating?
16. Lucy
17. yes
18. yes
19. no
20. she felt ignored

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Isabella Stewart was born in New York City in 1840. Her father made a great deal of money in trade. During school,her parents took her to Italy to explore the country's many cultural treasures. One of the private art collections Isabella visited in Milan had a deep influence on her. She wrote to her friends about her dream of owning a house one day with an art collection like the one she had seen in Italy. In Paris, Isabella became a close friend of one of her classmates, Julia Gardner, whose family was from Boston. Julia would later introduce Isabella to her brother, Jack. In 1860, Isabella Stewart married Jack Gardner. The couple had too much art to fit inside their home. So they decided to start planning a museum. Mrs. Gardner didn't like the cold and empty spaces of many museums during her time. She wanted a warm museum filled with light. She once said that she decided years ago that _ . America was a young country developing quickly in other areas. But the country needed more chances for people to see beautiful examples of art. After her husband's death in 1898, Isabella knew she had no time to lose in building her museum. She bought land, hired a building designer, and supervised every detail of her museum's construction. Mrs. Gardner opened her museum on January 1,1903. The museum was then called Fenway Court. She invited her friends that night for a special musical performance. The next month, she opened the museum to the public. At first, visits were limited to twenty days out of the year. Visitors paid one dollar to enter. Isabella Stewart Gardner died in 1924 in Boston. In her will, she left the museum a million dollars and a series of requirements about how it should be managed. One requirement is that the permanent collection cannot be changed.
1. Where was Isabella Stewart born?
2. In what year?
3. What country did she explore as a child?
4. What collection did she visit in Milan?
5. Where did she meet Julia Gardner?
6. Who later introduced Isabella to who?
7. Who became?
8. Did Isabella enjoy empty museum spaces?
9. Did she find America to be rich in art?
10. What year did her husband pass?
11. What did she do shortly after his passing?
12. What was the museum called?

Numbered answers:
1. New York City
2. 1840.
3. Italy
4. private
5. Paris
6. Jack
7. Mrs. Gardner
8. didn't like
9. America was a young country developing quickly in other areas
10. 1898
11. building her museum
12. Fenway Court

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Knowledge is a familiarity, awareness, or understanding of someone or something, such as facts, information, descriptions, or skills, which is acquired through experience or education by perceiving, discovering, or learning.

Knowledge can refer to a theoretical or practical understanding of a subject. It can be implicit (as with practical skill or expertise) or explicit (as with the theoretical understanding of a subject); it can be more or less formal or systematic. In philosophy, the study of knowledge is called epistemology; the philosopher Plato famously defined knowledge as "justified true belief", though this definition is now thought by some analytic philosophers to be problematic because of the Gettier problems while others defend the platonic definition. However, several definitions of knowledge and theories to explain it exist.

Knowledge acquisition involves complex cognitive processes: perception, communication, and reasoning; while knowledge is also said to be related to the capacity of "acknowledgment" in human beings.

The definition of knowledge is a matter of ongoing debate among philosophers in the field of epistemology. The classical definition, described but not ultimately endorsed by Plato, specifies that a statement must meet three in order to be considered knowledge: it must be justified, true, and believed. Some claim that these conditions are not sufficient, as Gettier case examples allegedly demonstrate. There are a number of alternatives proposed, including Robert Nozick's arguments for a requirement that knowledge 'tracks the truth' and Simon Blackburn's additional requirement that we do not want to say that those who meet any of these conditions 'through a defect, flaw, or failure' have knowledge. Richard Kirkham suggests that our definition of knowledge requires that the evidence for the belief necessitates its truth.
1. Who said knowledge is justified true belief?
2. Do recent philosophers agree?
3. Why do some disagree?
4. How is knowledge obtained?
5. Is it implicit or explicit?
6. What does it mean to be implicit?
7. And explicit?
8. What term is used for the study of knowledge?
9. How many processes are involved with acquiring knowledge?
10. Are these simple processes?
11. Would communicating be one of them?
12. Is there much disagreement about the definition of knowledge?
13. In the classical sense, how many things must be true for something to be considered knowledge?
14. What are those?
15. Who described this definition?
16. Did he agree with the premise?
17. What do some philosophers claim?
18. What showed that that is likely the case?
19. What requirement would Nozick add to the list?
20. What does Kirkham say the definition should also require?
Numbered answers:
1. Plato
2. some do
3. because of the Gettier problems
4. unknown
5. its both
6. like as with practical skill or expertise
7. as in the theoretical understanding of a subject
8. epistemology
9. Three
10. no
11. yes
12. yes
13. three
14. it must be justified, true, and believed.
15. Plato
16. no
17. they claim that these conditions are not sufficient
18. Gettier case examples
19. that knowledge tracks the truth
20. evidence