instruction:
In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Senator Paul Simon Water for the
Poor Enhancement Act of 2008''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds the following:
(1) The Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005
(Public Law 109-121)--
(A) makes access to safe water and sanitation for
developing countries a specific policy objective of
United States foreign assistance programs;
(B) requires the Secretary of State to--
(i) develop a strategy to elevate the role
of water and sanitation policy; and
(ii) improve the effectiveness of United
States assistance programs undertaken in
support of that strategy;
(C) codifies Target 10 of the United Nations
Millennium Development Goals; and
(D) seeks to reduce the proportion of people who
are unable to reach or afford safe drinking water and
basic sanitation by 50 percent by 2015.
(2) On December 20, 2006, the United Nations General
Assembly, in GA Resolution 61/192, declared 2008 as the
International Year of Sanitation, in recognition of the impact
of sanitation on public health, poverty reduction, economic and
social development, and the environment.
(3) On August 1, 2008, Congress passed H. Con. Res. 318,
which--
(A) supports the goals and ideals of the
International Year of Sanitation; and
(B) recognizes the importance of sanitation on
public health, poverty reduction, economic and social
development, and the environment.
(4) While progress is being made on safe water and
sanitation efforts--
(A) more than 884,000,000 people throughout the
world lack access to safe drinking water; and
(B) 2 of every 5 people in the world do not have
access to basic sanitation services.
(5) The health consequences of unsafe drinking water and
poor sanitation are staggering, accounting for--
(A) nearly 10 percent of the global burden of
disease; and
(B) more than 2,000,000 deaths each year.
(6) The effects of climate change are expected to produce
severe consequences for water availability and resource
management in the future, with 2,800,000,000 people in more
than 48 countries expected to face severe and chronic water
shortages by 2025.
(7) The impact of water scarcity on conflict and
instability is evident in many parts of the world, including
the Darfur region of Sudan, where demand for water resources
has contributed to armed conflict between nomadic ethnic groups
and local farming communities.
(8) In order to further the United States contribution to
safe water and sanitation efforts, it is necessary to--
(A) expand foreign assistance capacity to address
the challenges described in this section; and
(B) represent issues related to water and
sanitation at the highest levels of United States
foreign assistance deliberations, including
deliberations related to issues of global health, food
security, the environment, global warming, and maternal
and child mortality.

SEC. 3. PURPOSE.

The purpose of this Act is to enhance the capacity of the United
States Government to fully implement the Senator Paul Simon Water for
the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-121).

SEC. 4. DEVELOPING UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT CAPACITY.

Section 135 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151h)
is amended by adding at the end the following:
''(e) Office of Water.--
''(1) Establishment.--To carry out the purposes of
subsection (a), the Administrator of the United States Agency
for International Development shall establish the Office of
Water.
''(2) Leadership.--The Office of Water shall be headed by
an Assistant Administrator for Safe Water and Sanitation, who
shall report directly to the Administrator.
''(3) Duties.--The Assistant Administrator shall--
''(A) implement this section and the Senator Paul
Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-
121); and
''(B) place primary emphasis on providing safe,
affordable, and sustainable drinking water, sanitation,
and hygiene.
''(f) Bureau of International Water.--
''(1) Establishment.--To increase the capacity of the
Department of State to address international issues regarding
safe water, sanitation, and other international water programs,
the Secretary of State shall establish the Bureau for
International Water within the Office of the Under Secretary
for Democracy and Global Affairs (referred to in this
subsection as the 'Bureau').
''(2) Duties.--The Bureau shall--
''(A) oversee and coordinate the diplomatic policy
of the United States Government with respect to global
freshwater issues, including--
''(i) access to safe drinking water and
sanitation;
''(ii) river basin and watershed
management;
''(iii) transboundary conflict;
''(iv) agricultural and urban productivity
of water resources;
''(v) pollution mitigation; and
''(vi) adaptation to hydrologic change due
to climate variability; and
''(B) ensure that international freshwater issues
are represented--
''(i) within the United States Government;
and
''(ii) in key diplomatic, development, and
scientific efforts with other nations and
multilateral organizations.''.

SEC. 5. SAFE WATER AND SANITATION STRATEGY.

Section 6(e) of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of
2005 (Public Law 109-121) is amended--
(1) in paragraph (5), by striking ''and'' at the end;
(2) in paragraph (6), by striking the period at the end and
inserting a semicolon; and
(3) by adding at the end the following:
''(7) an assessment of the extent to which the United
States Government's efforts are reaching the goal described in
section 135(a)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22
U.S.C. 2152h(a)(2)); and
''(8) recommendations on what the United States Government
would need to do to help achieve the goal referred to in
paragraph (7) if the United States Government's efforts were
proportional to its share of the world's economy.''.

SEC. 6. DEVELOPING LOCAL CAPACITY.

The Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law
109-121) is amended--
(1) by redesignating sections 9, 10, and 11 as sections 10,
11, and 12, respectively; and
(2) by inserting after section 8 the following:

''SEC. 9. WATER AND SANITATION MANAGERS TRAINING PROGRAM.

''(a) Establishment.--
''(1) In general.--The Secretary of State and the
Administrator of the United States Agency for International
Development shall establish, in every priority country, a
program to train local, in-country water and sanitation
managers, and other officials of countries that receive
assistance under section 135 of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961 to promote the capacity of recipient governments to
provide affordable, equitable, and sustainable access to safe
drinking water and sanitation.
''(2) Coordination.--The program established under
subsection (a) shall be coordinated by the lead country water
manager designated in subsection (c)(2).
''(3) Expansion.--The Secretary and Administrator may
establish the program described in this section in additional
countries if the receipt of such training would be most
beneficial, with due consideration given to good governance.
''(b) Designation.--The United States Chief of Mission within each
country receiving a 'high priority' designation under section 6(f)
shall--
''(1) designate safe drinking water and sanitation as a
strategic objective;
''(2) appoint an in-country water and sanitation manager
within the Mission to coordinate the in-country implementation
of this Act and section 135 of the Foreign Assistance Act of
1961 with local water managers, local government officials, the
Department of State, and the Office of Water of the United
States Agency for International Development; and
''(3) coordinate with the Development Credit Authority and
the Global Development Alliance to further the purposes of this
Act.''.

SEC. 7. GRANTS FOR LOW COST CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION TECHNOLOGIES.

Section 135(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act (22 U.S.C. 2152h(c))
is amended--
(1) in paragraph (3), by striking ''and'' at the end;
(2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end;
and
(3) by adding at the end the following:
''(5) provide grants through the United States Agency for
International Development to foster the development of low cost
and sustainable technologies for providing clean water and
sanitation that are suitable for use in high priority
countries, particularly in places with limited resources and
infrastructure.''.

SEC. 8. UPDATED REPORT REGARDING WATER FOR PEACE AND SECURITY.

Section 11(b) of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of
2005, as redesignated by section 6, is amended by adding at the end the
following: ''The report submitted under this subsection shall include
an assessment of current and likely future political tensions over
water sources and an assessment of the expected impacts of global
climate change on water supplies in 10, 25, and 50 years.''.

SEC. 9. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

There are authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 2009 and
each subsequent fiscal year such sums as may be necessary to carry out
this Act and the amendments made by this Act.

SEC. 10. CONSTRUCTION.

This Act shall be implemented in a manner consistent with the
Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-121).
Nothing in this Act shall be construed in such a way as to override or
take precedence over the implementation of that Act.
answer:
Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Enhancement Act of 2008 - Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to direct the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to establish the Office of Water which shall: (1) implement the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005; and (2) place primary emphasis on providing safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene.

Directs the Secretary of State to establish the Bureau for International Water within the Office of the Under Secretary for Democracy and Global Affairs which shall: (1) coordinate U.S. diplomatic policy regarding global freshwater issues; and (2) ensure that international freshwater issues are represented within the U.S. government.

Amends the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 to: (1) direct the Secretary and the Administrator to establish in every priority country a program to train local water and sanitation managers to promote government capacity to provide access to safe drinking water and sanitation; and (2) require that the water for peace and security report includes an assessment of current and likely future political tensions over water sources and an assessment of the future impacts of global climate change on water supplies.

Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to authorize grants through USAID to develop technologies for providing clean water and sanitation in high priority countries with limited resources and infrastructure.

question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Lewis and Clark Voyage of Scientific
Discovery Act''.

SEC. 2. LONG-TERM MONITORING PROGRAM.

(a) Establishment.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Interior, in consultation
with the Director of the United States Geological Survey, shall
establish a program at the River Studies Center of the Biological
Resources Division of the United States Geological Survey, located in
Columbia, Missouri--
(1) to determine and monitor the biological and chemical
characteristics of the Missouri River;
(2) to determine and monitor the interrelationship of those
characteristics with the hydrology and geomorphology of the
river; and
(3) to monitor and assess the biota, including threatened
or endangered species, habitats, and water quality of the
Missouri River.
(b) Development.--To develop the program, the Secretary of the
Interior and the Director of the United States Geological Survey shall
consult with--
(1) the Governors of affected States, acting through--
(A) the Missouri River Natural Resources Committee;
and
(B) the Missouri River Basin Association; and
(2) the Secretary of Agriculture;
(3) the Secretary of the Army;
(4) the Western Area Power Administration;
(5) the Administrator of the Environmental Protection
Agency; and
(6) the Missouri River Basin Tribes.
(c) Activities.--The program under subsection (b) shall provide
scientific information to--
(1) guide operation and management of the Missouri River;
and
(2) measure and model the impact of management alternatives
through--
(A) monitoring of biota, including threatened or
endangered species, habitats, and water quality;
(B) focused investigations of cause and effect
relationships; and
(C) identification and evaluation of methods to
conserve fish and wildlife, including threatened and
endangered species.
(d) Baseline.--The program under subsection (b) shall establish a
baseline of conditions against which future activities can be measured.
(e) Database.--The Secretary of the Interior shall--
(1) establish a database on Missouri River biota, including
threatened or endangered species, habitats, and water quality;
and
(2) make the database readily available to the public.
(f) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of establishment
of the program under subsection (b), and not less frequently than every
3 years thereafter, the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the
Director of the United States Geological Survey, shall--
(1) review the program;
(2) as necessary, establish and revise the objectives of
the program; and
(3) submit to Congress a report on the environmental health
of the Missouri River.
(g) Indian Tribes.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the
Secretary of the Interior shall enter into contracts, pursuant to the
Indian Self Determination Act (title I of the Indian Self Determination
and Education Assistance Act; 25 U.S.C. chapter 14, subchapter II, part
A (25 U.S.C. 450f et. seq.)) with Tribes whose Reservations are located
along the Missouri River and have an interest in environmental
restoration. The tasks to be contracted shall implement the goals set
forth in this section and shall complement the activities undertaken by
the Secretary of the Interior and the affected State Governments.
(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--
(1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
the Secretary of the Interior to carry out this section--
(A) $6,500,000 for fiscal year 2002;
(B) $8,500,000 for fiscal year 2003; and
(C) $15,100,000 for each of fiscal years 2004
through 2016.
(2) Allocation of funds.--Funding of the program shall be
implemented in the following manner:
(A) Not more than the following percentage of the
funds available shall be directed to the River Studies
Center of the Biological Resources Division of the
United States Geological Survey, located in Columbia,
Missouri:
(i) 25 percent in fiscal year 2002
(ii) 40 perccent in fiscal year 2003
(iii) 65 percent in fiscal years after
2003.
At least 50 percent of such funds shall be directed to
the River Studies Center in fiscal years after 2003.
(B) The remaining funds shall be made available to
State fish and wildlife agencies in the Missouri River
basin to conduct monitoring activities designed to
enhance and supplement existing scientific knowledge of
the Missouri River system.
(3) Threatened and endangered species.--Of the amounts made
available under paragraph (1) for each fiscal year, $1,500,000
shall be made available to the Secretary of the Interior and
the State agencies with jurisdiction for Missouri River fish
and wildlife to monitor and conduct focused investigations of
endangered fish, including pallid sturgeon response to main
stem reservoir operations.
(4) State agency funding.--Funds authorized to be
appropriated under this section shall be made available as
necessary to contract with the State agencies with jurisdiction
for Missouri River fish and wildlife to collect field data and
support field operations for the monitoring component of the
program.
(5) Funding of focused investigations.--The focused
investigations component of the program established under this
section shall be funded using a competitive process. Each year,
the directors of the State fish and game agencies with
jurisdiction for Missouri River fish and wildlife, in
consultation with the Secretary of the Interior, and the
entities listed under section 2(b)(1), shall prioritize
information needs and issue a request for proposals to State,
Federal, for-profit, and not-for-profit organizations with
Missouri River interest and expertise. The directors and the
Secretary shall review and select those proposals to be funded.
answer:
Lewis and Clark Voyage of Scientific Discovery Act - Directs the Secretary of the Interior to establish a program at the River Studies Center of the Biological Resources Division of the United States Geological Survey in Columbia, Missouri, to determine and monitor the biological and chemical characteristics of the Missouri River, determine and monitor the relationship of those characteristics with the river's hydrology and geomorphology, and monitor and assess the river's biota and water quality. Requires contracts with Indian tribes whose reservations are located along the Missouri River and have an interest in environmental restoration.Requires establishment of a publicly available database.Makes a specified amount of funds provided under this Act available to monitor and conduct focused investigations of endangered fish, including pallid sturgeon.

question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Military Intelligence Reorganization
Act of 2005''.

SEC. 2. UNIFIED COMBATANT COMMAND FOR MILITARY INTELLIGENCE.

(a) In General.--Chapter 6 of title 10, United States Code, is
amended by inserting after section 167a the following new section:
''Sec. 167b. Unified combatant command for military intelligence
''(a) Establishment.--(1) With the advice and assistance of the
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the President, through the
Secretary of Defense, shall establish under section 161 of this title a
unified combatant command for military intelligence (hereinafter in
this section referred to as the 'military intelligence command').
''(2) The principle functions of the military intelligence command
are--
''(A) to coordinate the military intelligence activities
that support the Director of National Intelligence;
''(B) to represent the Department of Defense within the
intelligence community under the Director of National
Intelligence;
''(C) to ensure that intelligence collection requirements
for the armed forces are communicated to, and the fulfillment
of such requirements are coordinated with, the Director of
National Intelligence;
''(D) to coordinate all military intelligence activities;
and
''(E) to develop new military intelligence collection
capabilities.
''(b) Assignment of Forces and Civilian Personnel.--(1) Unless
otherwise directed by the Secretary of Defense, all active and reserve
military intelligence forces of the armed forces within the elements of
the Department of Defense referred to in subsection (i)(2) shall be
assigned to the military intelligence command.
''(2) Unless otherwise directed by the Secretary of Defense, the
civilian personnel of the elements of the Department of Defense
referred to in subsection (i)(2) shall be under the military
intelligence command.
''(c) Grade of Commander.--(1) The commander of the military
intelligence command shall hold the grade of general or, in the case of
an officer of the Navy, admiral while serving in that position, without
vacating that officer's permanent grade. The commander of such command
shall be appointed by the President, by and with the consent of the
Senate, for service in that position.
''(2) The officer appointed as commander of the military
intelligence command shall not, while serving in that position, be
counted against the numbers and percentages of officers of the grade of
that officer authorized for the armed force of that officer.
''(d) Duties of Commander.--Unless otherwise directed by the
President or the Secretary of Defense, the commander of the military
intelligence command shall--
''(1) carry out intelligence collection and analysis
activities in response to requests from the Director of
National Intelligence;
''(2) serve as the principle advisor to the Secretary of
Defense, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the
Director of National Intelligence on all matters relating to
military intelligence; and
''(3) discharge any responsibilities assigned to the
commander under section 427(b) of this title.
''(e) Authority of Commander.--(1) In addition to the authority
prescribed in section 164(c) of this title, the commander of the
military intelligence command shall be responsible for, and shall have
the authority to conduct, all affairs of the command relating to
military intelligence activities.
''(2) The commander of the military intelligence command shall be
responsible for, and shall have the authority to conduct, the following
functions relating to military intelligence activities:
''(A) Developing strategy, doctrine, and tactics.
''(B) Establishing priorities for military intelligence in
harmony with national priorities established by the Director of
National Intelligence and approved by the President.
''(C) Ensuring the interoperability of intelligence sharing
within the Department of Defense and between the Department of
Defense and the intelligence community as a whole, as directed
by the Director of National Intelligence.
''(D) Serving as the program manager for the Joint Military
Intelligence Program (JMIP) and the Tactical Intelligence and
Related Activities (TIARA) program.
''(E) Preparing and submitting to the Secretary of Defense
and the Director of National Intelligence recommendations and
budget proposals for military intelligence forces and
activities.
''(F) Exercising authority, direction, and control over the
expenditure of funds for personnel and activities assigned to
the command.
''(G) Training military and civilian personnel assigned to
or under the command.
''(H) Conducting specialized courses of instruction for
military and civilian personnel assigned to or under the
command.
''(I) Validating requirements for military intelligence
activities.
''(J) Formulating and submitting requirements to other
commanders of the unified combatant commands to support
military intelligence activities.
''(3) The commander of the military intelligence command shall be
responsible for--
''(A) ensuring that the military intelligence requirements
of the other unified combatant commanders are satisfied; and
''(B) responding to intelligence requirements levied by the
Director of National Intelligence.
''(4)(A) The commander of the military intelligence command shall
be responsible for, and shall have the authority to conduct the
development and acquisition of specialized technical intelligence
capabilities.
''(B) Subject to the authority, direction, and control of the
Secretary of Defense, the commander of the command, in carrying out the
function under subparagraph (A), shall have authority to exercise the
functions of the head of an agency under chapter 137 of this title.
''(f) Inspector General.--The staff of the commander of the
military intelligence command shall include an inspector general who
shall conduct internal audits and inspections of purchasing and
contracting actions through the command and such other inspector
general functions as may be assigned.
''(g) Budget.--In addition to the activities of a combatant
commander for which funding may be requested under section 166(b) of
this title, the budget proposal for the military intelligence command
shall include requests for funding for--
''(1) development and acquisition of military intelligence
collection systems; and
''(2) acquisition of other material, supplies, or services
that are peculiar to military intelligence activities.
''(h) Regulations.--The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe
regulations for the activities of the military intelligence command.
The regulations shall include authorization for the commander of the
command to provide for operational security of military intelligence
forces, civilian personnel, and activities.
''(i) Identification of Military Intelligence Forces.--(1) For
purposes of this section, military intelligence forces are the
following:
''(A) The forces of the elements of the Department of
Defense referred to in paragraph (2) that carry out military
intelligence activities.
''(B) Any other forces of the armed forces that are
designated as military intelligence forces by the Secretary of
Defense.
''(2) The elements of the Department of Defense referred to in this
paragraph are as follows:
''(A) The Defense Intelligence Agency.
''(B) Any intelligence activities or units of the military
departments designated by the Secretary of Defense for purposes
of this section.
''(j) Military Intelligence Activities.--For purposes of this
section, military intelligence activities include each of the following
insofar as it relates to military intelligence:
''(1) Intelligence collection.
''(2) Intelligence analysis.
''(3) Intelligence information management.
''(4) Intelligence workforce planning.
''(5) Such other activities as may be specified by the
President or the Secretary of Defense.
''(k) Intelligence Community Defined.--In this section, the term
'intelligence community' means the elements of the intelligence
community listed or designated under section 3(4) of the National
Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 401a(4)).''.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections at the beginning of
such chapter is amended by inserting after the item relating to section
167a the following new item:

''167b. Unified combatant command for military intelligence.''.

SEC. 3. DIRECTION AND OVERSIGHT OF DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE NATIONAL
INTELLIGENCE AGENCIES.

(a) In General.--Subchapter I of chapter 21 of title 10, United
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new section:
''Sec. 427. Department of Defense national intelligence agencies:
direction and oversight
''(a) In General.--Unless otherwise directed by the President, the
Secretary of Defense shall direct, supervise, and oversee the head of
each Department of Defense national intelligence agency in such
official's exercise of the functions as head of such agency.
''(b) Discharge Through Commander of Military Intelligence
Command.--(1) The Secretary of Defense may direct that communications
between the Secretary and the head of a Department of Defense national
intelligence agency be transmitted through the commander of the
military intelligence command under section 167b of this title.
''(2) The Secretary of Defense may assign to the commander of the
military intelligence command responsibility for directing,
supervising, and overseeing the activities of any Department of Defense
national intelligence agency.
''(c) Department of Defense National Intelligence Agency Defined.--
In this section, the term 'Department of Defense national intelligence
agency' means each of the following:
''(1) The National Security Agency.
''(2) The National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency.
''(3) The National Reconnaissance Office.''.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections at the beginning of
such subchapter is amended by adding at the end the following new item:

''427. Department of Defense national intelligence agencies: direction
and oversight.''.

SEC. 4. MODIFICATION OF ELEMENTS OF THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY.

Section 3(4) of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C.
401a(4)), as amended by section 1073 of the National Security
Intelligence Reform Act of 2004 (title I of Public Law 108-458), is
further amended--
(1) by striking subparagraph (D) and inserting the
following new subparagraph (D):
''(D) The military intelligence command.'';
(2) by striking subparagraphs (G) and (H); and
(3) by redesignating subparagraphs (I), (J), (K), and (L)
as subparagraphs (G), (H), (I), and (J), respectively.
answer:
Military Intelligence Reorganization Act of 2005 - Requires the President, through the Secretary of Defense, to establish a unified combatant command for military intelligence (military intelligence command) to: (1) coordinate all military intelligence activities; (2) represent the Department of Defense (DOD) in the intelligence community under the National Intelligence Director (NID); (3) ensure that intelligence collection requirements are communicated to, and coordinated with, the NID; and (4) coordinate and develop military intelligence activities and capabilities.

Requires the assignment of all active and reserve military intelligence forces of the Armed Forces within specified DOD elements, and civilian personnel of such elements, to the military intelligence command unless otherwise directed by the Secretary.

Sets forth the duties and authority of the commander of the military intelligence command.

Requires the staff of the commander to include an inspector general.

Requires the military intelligence command budget proposal to include funding requests for development and acquisition of military intelligence collection systems and acquisition of other material, supplies, or services peculiar to military intelligence activities.

Requires the Secretary to direct, supervise, and oversee the head of each DOD national intelligence agency in the exercise of military intelligence functions.