I'm taking a test and have to guess the right answer to the question after the article. Article: When several people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you are alone observing one behavior or a person at two different times, you may see different things. The followings are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions(,): (1) Each person's perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning, education, and personal experiences. (2) Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what've observed. It is not necessarily true that person perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same standard to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers. (3) Sometimes we see only what we want to see or don't see what may be obvious to others because of our own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore the _ ----"He's basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting ." We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information ----"All kids get into mischief . Taking a book from a bookstore isn't such a big deal." We can change the meaning of the contradictory information--- "It wasn't shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later."... Question: The first factor given by the author that affects our perception is _ . Options: A: our hearing and visual abilities B: cultural background and personal experiences C: the experience one learns from others D: critical measures taken by other people
B

I'm taking a test and have to guess the right answer to the question after the article. Article: How to Beat On-line Credit-card Thieves The Internet has led to a huge increase in credit-card fraud. Your card information could even be for sale in an illegal web site. Web sites offering cheap services should be regarded with care. On-line shoppers who enter their credit-card information may never receive the goods they thought they bought. The thieves then go shopping with your card number--- or sell the information over internet. Computers hackers have broken down security systems raising questions about the safety of cardholder information. Several months ago, 25,000 customers of CD Universe, and on-line music retailer , were not lucky. Their name, addresses and credit-card numbers were posted on a web site after the retailer refused to pay US $157,828 to get back the information. Credit-card firms are now fighting against on-line fraud. Master-card is working on plans for Web-only credit card, with a lower credit limit. The card could be used only for shopping on-line. However, there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated. Ask about your credit-firm's on-line rules. Under British law, cardholders are responsible for the first US $78 of any fraudulent spending. And shop only at secure sites: Send your credit-card information only if the web site offers advanced secure system. If the security is in place, a letter will appear in the bottom right-hand corner of your screen. The web site address may also start the extra "s" stands for secure. If you still have any doubt, give your credit-card information over the telephone. Keep your password safe: Most on-line sites require a user name and password before placing an order. Treat your password with care. Question: Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? Options: A: Computer hackers sold the retailer's information to a web site to get money. B: A reliable website offers you an advanced secure system. C: You can depend on the password to protect your information. D: The on-line credit-card thieves stole your credit-card and paid with it.
B

I'm taking a test and have to guess the right answer to the question after the article. Article: As we all know, nature has supplied every animal except man with some covering for his body such as fur, feathers, hair, and shells as a thick hide. But man has nothing but a thin skin. If someone were to ask you, "Why did human beings start to cover their bodies with clothes?" most would answer, "To keep themselves warm, of course." It is only when we begin to think about it a little that we realize that clothes are worn for a great many reasons that have nothing to do with our need for warmth at all. For example, we wear clothes to some degree in order to decorate ourselves -- to make ourselves, if possible, look more dignified or nicer. Clothes of a special kind are often worn to show that the wearer has authority or power. The individual wearing them is treated with respect because he occupies a certain office. The judge on the Bench, for example, might look a very ordinary and unimpressive figure without his wig and gown. Clothes are an important part of ceremony, whether it is connected with belief, the law, parliament, and royalty, the fighting forces or the state. How very different the Queen's Coronation ceremony would have looked without the robes, coronets and the cloth of gold. Sometimes, even in some modern countries people wear some article of clothing, or some jewel, because they believe that it will bring them luck or protect them from evil or illness, or because it is connected with their beliefs. None of these reasons for wearing clothes -- to decorate ourselves, to show our position in the world, for ceremonial purposes, for "luck", to give ourselves dignity and authority -- have anything to do with our need for warmth. Question: From the passage we know that wearing clothes is man's basic necessity to _ . Options: A: protect skin B: show beauty C: keep warm D: bring luck
C

I'm taking a test and have to guess the right answer to the question after the article. Article: We were moving to a new state after my husband had been out of work for many months and we had no money. In fact, we had to borrow money to reach our destination town. Anyway, it was my husband, two boys aged four and two, and myself, seven months pregnant , in an old Volvo station wagon. We had been driving for two days in the middle of winter (that car's heater didn't work), and we had taken a route that was very _ . There was nothing around for miles-no cars, buildings or signs of civilization. Suddenly, our car started losing power and the gauges went all out of order. We saw a light in the distance and managed to roll to a stop in front of this property that looked like a small simple house. Our cell phones had not gotten reception for many miles, and it was freezing outside, so I didn't know if we were going to make it out of this situation alive. My husband got out of the car to see if there was something he could do to get us rolling again, but it was not looking good. A short while later, a man came out of the house and spoke with my husband a bit before inviting us all into his home. He and his wife took us in, fed us, and made us feel at home as we struggled to find some way to get to our destination, which was still a few hours' drive away. We were able to call a friend and get a ride, leaving our broken car behind, but not before the couple gave us food and water for our journey. One week later, this dear sweet couple pulled our car all the way to our place and refused to take anything in return, except for us to pay it forward-and we have, and will continue to do it forever. Question: We can learn from the text that the family _ . Options: A: had a hopeless future B: was in financial difficulty C: suffered from a company crash D: wanted to turn to their relatives for help
B