Question: Gamma rays (also called gamma radiation), denoted by the lower-case Greek letter gamma ( or formula_1 ), are penetrating electromagnetic radiation of a kind arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei. It consists of photons in the highest observed range of photon energy. Paul Villard, a French chemist and physicist, discovered gamma radiation in 1900 while studying radiation emitted by radium. In 1903, Ernest Rutherford named this radiation "gamma rays". Rutherford had previously discovered two other types of radioactive decay, which he named alpha and beta rays.

Gamma rays are able to ionize atoms (ionizing radiation), and are thus biologically hazardous. The decay of an atomic nucleus from a high energy state to a lower energy state, a process called "gamma decay", produces gamma radiation.

Natural sources of gamma rays on Earth are observed in the gamma decay of radionuclides and secondary radiation from atmospheric interactions with cosmic ray particles. There are rare terrestrial natural sources, such as lightning strikes and terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, that produce gamma rays not of a nuclear origin. Additionally, gamma rays are produced by a number of astronomical processes in which very high-energy electrons are produced, that in turn cause secondary gamma rays via bremsstrahlung, inverse Compton scattering, and synchrotron radiation. However, a large fraction of such astronomical gamma rays are screened by Earth's atmosphere and can only be detected by spacecraft. Gamma rays are produced by nuclear fusion in stars including the Sun (such as the CNO cycle), but are absorbed or inelastically scattered by the stellar material, reducing their energy, before escaping and are not observable from Earth as gamma rays. 1. What is our main topic?
2. A.k.a?
3. What can they do to atoms?
4. A.k.a.?
5. Are they safe?
6. Name on place where can natural spots of gamma decay be found?
7. Name another.
8. What is those rays' origin?
9. What are Gamma rays?
10. Where is there a radioactive decay?
11. When did they get their name?
12. Who named them?
13. What else did he discover? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. Gamma rays
2. gamma radiation
3. ionize them
4. ionizing radiation
5. no
6. lightning strikes
7. terrestrial gamma-ray flashes
8. natural, not nuclear
9. penetrating electromagnetic radiation
10. atomic nuclei
11. In 1903
12. Ernest Rutherford
13. alpha and beta rays

Question: CHAPTER XXVII

A PRISONER OF THE ENEMY

Never dreaming of the plot hatched out against him, Dick retired as usual that night. Now that the worry over the competitive drill was a thing of the past he realized that he was worn out, and scarcely had his head touched the pillow than he was in the land of Nod.

His awakening was a rude one. He felt himself raised up, a large towel was passed over his face and tied behind his head, and then he was dragged from his cot.

"Don't dare to make a sound!" whispered a low voice in his ear. "If you do, you'll be struck senseless."

"Hullo, I'm about to be hazed," thought Dick, and it must be admitted that he was far from pleased. "They think they are going to do something grand to the captain of the company that won the prize. Well, not if I can help it," and he began to struggle to free himself.

But his tormentors were too many for him and almost before he knew it his hands and his feet were made secure and a sack was drawn over his head. Then he was raised up and carried away he knew not to where.

"One thing is certain, they are taking me a long distance from camp," was his thought, when he found himself dumped into a rowboat. "Can they be going to the head of the lake?"

The idea of using the boat had been suggested by Jackson, who said it would bewilder Dick, so he would not know where he was being taken. And Jackson was right, the eldest Rover thought he was a long way from camp when he was placed on shore again. 1. what was put over Dick's head?
2. did he know where he was being taken?
3. whose idea was it to use the boat?
4. why did he want to use it?
5. did it work?
6. where did he think he was in relation to camp?
7. what was a thing of the past?
8. what did they say to Dick when they first took him?
9. what did he think was going to happen?
10. did he think he was going to be hazed?
11. how did he feel about that?
12. what was Dick doing before they took him?
13. do he go to sleep right away?
14. was he worn out? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. It was a large towel
2. No
3. It was Jackson's idea
4. To bewilder Dick, so he would not know where he was being taken
5. Yes
6. The head of the lake
7. unknown
8. They said "Don't dare to make a sound!" "If you do, you'll be struck senseless"
9. He had thought they were going to do something "grand" to the captian of the company that won the prize.
10. Yes
11. He was far from pleased
12. He was retiring as usual for the night
13. Yes
14. Yes

Question: Registered dietitian nutritionists (RDs or RDNs) are health professionals qualified to provide safe, evidence-based dietary advice which includes a review of what is eaten, a thorough review of nutritional health, and a personalized nutritional treatment plan. They also provide preventive and therapeutic programs at work places, schools and similar institutions. Certified Clinical Nutritionists or CCNs, are trained health professionals who also offer dietary advice on the role of nutrition in chronic disease, including possible prevention or remediation by addressing nutritional deficiencies before resorting to drugs. Government regulation especially in terms of licensing, is currently less universal for the CCN than that of RD or RDN. Another advanced Nutrition Professional is a Certified Nutrition Specialist or CNS. These Board Certified Nutritionists typically specialize in obesity and chronic disease. In order to become board certified, potential CNS candidate must pass an examination, much like Registered Dieticians. This exam covers specific domains within the health sphere including; Clinical Intervention and Human Health. 1. What does RD stand for?
2. What do they provide?
3. Do they work in a hospital only?
4. Where else?
5. What nutritionists are board certified?
6. How do they get the certification?
7. anything else?
8. What do they specialize in?
9. what does the exam cover?
10. what does ccn stand for?
11. how do they differ from rds?
12. What would an RD do a thourough review of?
13. And would they personalize anything?
14. What?
15. Do they teach preventive advice also?
16. Where would they teach that?
17. How about therapeautic programs?
18. What does the "N" stand for in RDN?
19. Are they considered professionals?
20. Are CNS's certified? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers:
1. Registered dietitian nutritionists
2. safe, evidence-based dietary advice
3. No
4. work places, schools and similar institutions.
5. Certified Nutrition Specialist
6. pass an examination
7. No
8. obesity and chronic disease
9. specific domains within the health sphere
10. Certified Clinical Nutritionists
11. Government regulation is currently less universal for the CCN
12. nutritional health
13. Yes
14. nutritional treatment plan
15. Yes
16. work places, schools and similar institutions.
17. Yes
18. nutritionists
19. Yes
20. Yes