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Insert the lubricated end of the tube into the clearest nostril, aiming the end of the tube straight back as you feed it in. The patient must continue looking straight at you. Direct the tube down and toward the ear on that side of the head. Do not allow the tube to feed upward and into the brain. Stop if you feel resistance. Pull the tube out and try the other nostril. Never force the tube inward. If you have coated the patient's throat with anesthetic throat spray, ask the patient to open his or her mouth and watch for the other end of the tube. For patients who were not treated with throat spray, opening the mouth might be too painful. Instead, you should simply ask the patient to indicate when he or she feels the tube at the back of the throat. As soon as the tube hits the top of the throat, guide the patient's head so that the chin touches the chest. This can help encourage the tube into the esophagus, rather than into the trachea. Give the patient a glass of water with a straw. Ask him or her to take small sips and swallows as you continue guiding the tube downward. If the patient is unable to drink water for any reason, you should still encourage him or her to dry swallow as you feed the tube into the throat. For infants, give the patient a pacifier to encourage him or her to suck and swallow during the process. Continue feeding the tube into the patient's throat until the marked measurement reaches the patient's nostril. If you meet resistance further into the throat, slowly rotate the tube as you advance it. This should help. If the tube still gives considerable resistance, pull it out and try again. Never force it in. Stop immediately and remove the tube if you notice a change in the patient's respiratory status. This can include choking, coughing, or difficulty breathing. A change in respiratory status suggests that the tube has been inserted into the trachea by mistake. You should also remove the tube if it comes out of the patient's mouth.

summary: Insert the tube into the chosen nostril. Check the back of the throat. Instruct the patient to swallow. Stop once you reach the measured mark.

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Find a spot that is unobstructed, dark, and on level, solid ground to set up your telescope. Leave your telescope outdoors for an hour or two before using it to allow the equipment to adjust to the climate; the shift from indoor to outdoor temperatures could cause the telescope's optics to fog up, affecting the view. To make your viewing more efficient later, align your finderscope (i.e. the aiming device in your telescope) ahead of time; focus on a distant object and adjust the settings to fix the view. Bring a flashlight with you to set up and later pack up your telescope in the dark. A lot of the excitement about viewing Mars is due to the notable features of the planet's surface; these features are more distinguishable than Earth's due to Mars' smaller size, thin atmosphere, and lack of erosion. Some key features that observers look for are: Mars' polar ice caps the pale haze that forms over polar regions albedo markings (i.e. variations of light and dark on the surface of the planet, marking an alternation of bedrock and desert sands) clouds in the planet's atmosphere Sketching Mars during your observations is an excellent way of making yourself think about what you are seeing; experienced observers spend years sketching the planet to note any intriguing details on its surface or in its orbit. Be patient in order to capture fine details accurately; draw the foremost features first (e.g. the polar ice caps) and then add finer details (e.g. clouds, haze). Be sure to note the date, time, and filters used (if any) to establish the full context of your observation. While using a telescope is the ideal way to view Mars in great detail, the planet can also be an impressive sight for the naked eye. The weeks surrounding Mars' opposition with the Sun and its closest approach to earth are the best times to view the planet without equipment. Track the dates with a sky map; Mars should be viewable throughout the evening during this time period. Use an app like Sky Map to track where the planet is. If your interest in viewing Mars is keen enough, consider joining a local astrology club to meet others with the same passion. This is a great way to interact with experienced group members who can offer advice about equipment and other important aspects of astronomy. Group meetings may involve learning new techniques and trying new equipment, which will enhance your astronomy skills and make your observations of Mars even better. Your local planetarium may also offer resources for advancing your astronomy skills, including lessons on how to use a telescope and relevant shows about Mars.

summary: Set up your equipment. Focus on different elements of the planet. Sketch what you see. View Mars with your naked eye. Join an astronomy club.

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Mortgage brokers can give you more options because they're independent from lenders and banks. They'll help you find the lender that has the best loan package. Talk to people you know, your realtor, and your current bank to ask for a recommendation. Find out how the mortgage broker will be paid before you agree to work with them. You don't want to end up paying unexpected fees. Call your current mortgage lender or bank, if you've had a good experience with them in the past. Being a return customer may give you some leverage with negotiations. Search the Internet financial sections for mortgage interest rates. Talk to friends for recommendations. Take recommendations from real estate professionals for mortgage lenders they've had a good working relationship with. Make sure you get the rates for the type of loan you want. Don't be afraid to ask questions if you don't understand the type of loans they're proposing. For example, you should always ask for the specific interest rate charged on each loan duration. This is also known as the annual percentage rate (APR). Additionally, you should ask whether the stated interest rate on each loan is fixed (non-changing) or adjustable (changing). Get interest rates for various different types of loans and loan durations from each lender so that you can compare these different loan types between them. This also will be helpful if you change your mind about the loan duration you want. For example, imagine you are considering either a 15 year or a 30 year loan. You ask for rate estimates from two lenders. The first offers you a 15 year loan at 3.1 percent and a 30 year estimate of 3.8 percent. The second offers rates of 3.2 and 3.7 percent, respectively. You would then see that the first lender offered a better rate for the 15 year loan but was not as good of a choice for the 30 year loan. These will include any charges, costs, and/or fees that the lender requires. This statement is a "Good Faith Estimate." Mortgage lenders are required by law to provide you a "Good Faith Estimate" within 3 days of you submitting your application. Make sure the Good Faith Estimate includes costs for all points, processing, legal fees, filing and closing fees. You can also have the lender email or fax this estimate to you as a backup.
summary: Ask for recommendations for reputable mortgage brokers. Request interest rates from each prospective mortgage lender. Gather interest rates for different loan terms at each mortgage lender. Request a written explanation of the estimated closing costs.