TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: His work explaining the instability of James Watt's fly-ball governor is regarded as the birth of modern control theory, and his mathematical analysis of the stability of Saturn's rings showed that they could be neither entirely solid nor liquid. He showed how to calculate stresses in suspension bridges and coined the term "curl" to use in the differential form of his most famous accomplishment; however, the only other real work he did on it was the addition of a term for "displacement current. " FTP identify this British physicist best known for combining his revision of Ampere's Law with Faraday's Law and Gauss's Laws of Electricity and Magnetism to produce his four namesake "equations" governing electromagnetism.

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: One reaction to prepare these compounds adds diazomethylphosphonate esters to aldehydes under basic catalysis and generates vinyl-diazo intermediates. Along with aldehydes, these compounds are the degradation products of alpha, beta-epoxy tosylhydrazones in the Eschenmoser fragmentation. A coupling involving both palladium and copper catalysis, in which these compounds react with aryl halides, is the Sonogashira reaction. These compounds react with azides to form triazole rings in a well-known click-chemistry reaction, and terminal ones can be deprotonated by sodium amide. They are reduced to cis-alkenes by the poisoned Lindlar catalyst. This functional group is composed of two sp-hybridized carbons. For 10 points, name this functional group consisting of a carbon-carbon triple bond.

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: This case went a step further in testing a law than a previous case based around Daniel Desdunes. The plaintiff in this case was detained by a private detective who had been hired by the local (+) Citizens' Committee. The majority opinion in this case cited cases from thirteen years earlier that had said no ""badge"" was being imposed, and the opinion was written by Henry Billings Brown. Albion Tourgee was hired as one side's legal counsel, which sought to test the (*) Separate Car Act. For 10 points, name this Supreme Court case in which the lone dissent by John Marshall Harlan stated that ""our Constitution is color blind"" in trying to overturn a Louisiana law that supported ""separate but equal"" segregation.

SOLUTION:
History