Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Input: Consider Input: Advanced heart failure (HF) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality; traditionally used prognostic factors often fail to predict the outcome. Increased red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has recently been recognized as an important unfavorable prognostic factor in HF, independent of anemia; however, the role of RDW in patients with advanced HF has not yet been investigated.', 'Eighty consecutive patients with stage D heart failure, recently hospitalized for HF decompensation, were enrolled. A Cox proportional-hazard model was used to determine whether RDW was independently associated with outcome.', 'At study entry, ejection fraction (EF), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), hemoglobin (Hb) and RDW were 25 8.6%, 27.5 8 mmHg, 12.5 1.9 mg/dL and 18 3.5% (normal <14.5%) respectively. At 6 months, 44 patients (55%) had died. In this patient population, EF (p=0.45), PCWP (p=0.106), age (p=0.54), albumin (0.678), iron (p=0.37), creatinine (p=0.432), iron deficiency defined by bone marrow aspiration (p=0.37), bilirubin (p=0.422), peak VO2 (p=0.057) and Hb (p=0.95) were not significant predictors of a worse outcome. However, RDW was a significant marker for adverse prognosis (p=0.007, HR: 1.14, CI: 1.04-1.24) and retained its prognostic significance even when corrected for Hb values (HR: 1.15, CI: 1.05-1.27, p=0.003).

Output: 0

Input: Consider Input: Thromboembolic events represent a clinically significant cause of neurological morbidity during the endovascular management of cerebral aneurysms. We have implemented an anti-thromboembolic regimen consisting of pre- and postoperative dual antiplatelet therapy, as well as postoperative anticoagulation using heparin and dextran. The aims of our study were to examine the effect of this regimen on thromboembolic rates during elective aneurysm coiling, and to elucidate risk factors associated with the development of thromboembolic events in this setting.', 'We conducted a retrospective review of patients who underwent elective intracranial aneurysm coiling between January 2005 and February 2012. The primary outcome of interest was the occurrence of a clinically significant peri-procedural thromboembolic event. Secondary outcomes included the occurrence of a central nervous system (CNS) or systemic hemorrhage.', 'During the study period, 312 patients underwent elective aneurysm coiling and six (2%) thromboembolic events occurred; three (1%) occurred in the group that received the anti-thromboembolic regimen (261 patients) and three (6%) occurred in the group that did not receive the regimen (51 patients), resulting in a statistically significant difference (P=0.024). Both the presence of a hypercoagulable state (P=0.014) and the lack of the anti-thromboembolic regimen (P=0.043) were significantly associated with the occurrence of a thromboembolic event.

Output: 0

Input: Consider Input: Soluble mesothelin related peptide (SMRP) was proposed as a promising diagnostic marker for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). In a previous study, we found that rs1057147 within the 3' untranslated region of MSLN gene was associated with SMRP levels. Thus, we aimed to (1) confirm the previous association on a large series of volunteers and (2) test the hypothesis that the SNP could affect microRNA binding sites.", 'The association analysis was verified in 759 subjects. Then, in silico predictions highlighted miR-611 and miR-887 as candidate miRNAs binding to the polymorphic site. Thus, chimeric constructs bearing the alternative alleles (G > A) were assayed alone or in cotransfection with the miRNA mimics, with dual luciferase reporter assay in non-MPM Met-5A cells. The miRNAs were also assayed by western blot analysis for their ability to down-regulate endogenous mesothelin in the MPM Mero-14 cell line.', 'We confirmed that, among non-MPM volunteers, GG homozygotes have the lowest SMRP levels. When the genotype is taken into account, the specificity of SMRP as biomarker improves from 79.7% to 85.3%. Dual-luciferase assays showed a significantly lower reporter activity when the vector harbored the G allele as compared to A allele. miR-887 mimic caused a reduced reporter activity of vectors harboring A or G alleles, while miR-611 was effective only on the vector harboring the G allele. Transfection of these miRNAs into Mero-14 cells significantly reduced endogenous MSLN protein.
Output: 0