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Children who are constipated may try to not have bowel movements if doing so causes pain. They may tighten their buttocks and contort their bodies in an effort to prevent having a bowel movement. Your child may be constipated if he or she: Has difficulty passing stool Passes hard, dry stool with or without blood on it Passes stool less than three times per week Has pain while passing stool Is nauseous Has abdominal pain Passes small amounts of liquid or clay-like stool. You may find this also in the child's underwear. Children in certain situations may be more likely to become constipated. These include: Not engaging in regular physical activity Eating a low fiber diet Frequent dehydration Taking medications that increase the risk of constipation, such as some antidepressants Having a medical problem with the anus or rectum Having family members are also prone to constipation Having neurological problems, such as cerebral palsy Having emotional issues or new causes of stress Having an underactive thyroid or other metabolic problem Most of the time, constipation does not develop complications or indicate a more serious problem. Signs of complications and serious problems include: Fever Vomiting Bloody stools A distended abdomen Weight loss Areas where the skin around the anus has ripped open A rectal prolapse, in which the intestines are coming out of the anus Frequent or painful urination, which can be a sign of a urinary tract infection. This is common in children with constipation. Poor appetite. Severe or constant abdominal pain.

summary: Identify symptoms of constipation. Recognizing if your child is at risk of constipation. See a doctor if your child has symptoms that suggest that the condition may be more serious.

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Most dogs love sleeping in bed with their owners. Decide if you'd like to let the dog sleep in bed with you or if you want it to have its own cozy space. To make a space that your dog will love, set out a dog bed with blankets and chew toys in a corner of a living room. This area will give your dog a chance to have its own private space while still being part of the household action. If you use positive training, you won't need to punish your dog when it misbehaves. Just redirect the dog and reward it as soon as you see the dog behave correctly. Never yell at, hit, or frighten your dog. Reacting in anger will make the dog fear you and can damage your relationship. Be patient with the dog. Some dogs will take longer to respond to training than others. It's easy to forget about your dog's relationship with other dogs or people if you're trying to get it to love you. Keep in mind that your dog will be happier and more fulfilled if it's coming into contact with other dogs or people. Try to let your dog socialize with others in a calm, structured environment instead of in a chaotic place where the dog might feel overwhelmed. For example, instead of just letting the dog run around the dog park, you might visit a friend that has a calm dog. Give the dogs the chance to interact, but don't force them. It's difficult for a pet to feel loving if its basic health needs aren't being met. Take your dog for regular check-ups at the veterinarian's and keep it current on vaccinations. If your dog injures itself or becomes ill, get it proper medical care and treatment.

summary: Create a comfortable space for the dog. Avoid punishing the dog when it misbehaves. Socialize your dog. Keep your dog healthy.

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In addition to a high school degree or equivalent, medical career individuals such as billers and coders often start with an associate's degree from an accredited school of higher education. Many follow this with a bachelor's degree, or even a master's, or engage in other kinds of continuing education that can prove extremely useful at any stage in a medical billing and coding career. Programs that specialize in billing and coding focus on developing skill sets beneficial to the positions. Areas of study include: medical terminology and anatomy, medical billing software, medical documentation evaluation, government programs, basic math, keyboard and computer skills, and other administrative duties. Programs also seek to develop traits in students necessary for success in the field, such as efficiency and precision while processing and entering large amounts of data. You can find a list of accredited programs from the Commission of Accreditation for Health Informatics and Information Management Education In addition to taking classes from accredited educational institutions, certifications are available in the medical billing and coding field as well. Institutions such as the American Academy of Professional Coders offer both credential training and certification. Many in the medical billing and coding field may have started in scheduling or elsewhere in a medical office and gained on-the-job experience. Some doctors' offices may allow appropriate former experience instead while others will not. Stay current with the most recent methods and standards available in the field via workshops, conferences, and continuous practice. Universal coding practices like the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9 or ICD-10) contain thousands upon thousands of codes that professionals needs to be able to work with quickly and efficiently. Current Procedural TerminologyCPTis another set of codes in which all professionals in the field must be fluent Understand the uses of forms such as HCFA billing documents, explanation of benefits documents, and other sorts of documents involved in medical billing and coding. This knowledge will also help you advance your career in this field.
summary: Take classes in medical billing and coding. Take a certification class. Gain the appropriate level of experience. Keep up with developments in the field. Master the medical coding conventions. Learn how to use medical billing forms.