Question: In the Roman era, copper was principally mined on Cyprus, the origin of the name of the metal from aes yprium (metal of Cyprus), later corrupted to uprum, from which the words copper (English), cuivre (French), Koper (Dutch) and Kupfer (German) are all derived. Its compounds are commonly encountered as copper(II) salts, which often impart blue or green colors to minerals such as azurite, malachite and turquoise and have been widely used historically as pigments. Architectural structures built with copper corrode to give green verdigris (or patina). Decorative art prominently features copper, both by itself and in the form of pigments.

Copper occurs naturally as native copper and was known to some of the oldest civilizations on record. It has a history of use that is at least 10,000 years old, and estimates of its discovery place it at 9000 BC in the Middle East; a copper pendant was found in northern Iraq that dates to 8700 BC. There is evidence that gold and meteoric iron (but not iron smelting) were the only metals used by humans before copper. The history of copper metallurgy is thought to have followed the following sequence: 1) cold working of native copper, 2) annealing, 3) smelting, and 4) the lost wax method. In southeastern Anatolia, all four of these metallurgical techniques appears more or less simultaneously at the beginning of the Neolithic c. 7500 BC. However, just as agriculture was independently invented in several parts of the world, copper smelting was invented locally in several different places. It was probably discovered independently in China before 2800 BC, in Central America perhaps around 600 AD, and in West Africa about the 9th or 10th century AD. Investment casting was invented in 45004000 BC in Southeast Asia and carbon dating has established mining at Alderley Edge in Cheshire, UK at 2280 to 1890 BC. Otzi the Iceman, a male dated from 33003200 BC, was found with an axe with a copper head 99.7% pure; high levels of arsenic in his hair suggest his involvement in copper smelting. Experience with copper has assisted the development of other metals; in particular, copper smelting led to the discovery of iron smelting. Production in the Old Copper Complex in Michigan and Wisconsin is dated between 6000 and 3000 BC. Natural bronze, a type of copper made from ores rich in silicon, arsenic, and (rarely) tin, came into general use in the Balkans around 5500 BC.[citation needed] 1. Does copper occur naturally?
2. How long has it been used?
3. When was it discovered?
4. Where?
5. What was found in North Iraq?
6. What is it dated?
7. What metals were used by people before copper?
8. How many sequences did copper metallurgy have?
9. What happened in 2800 BC?
10. Where was copper mined in the roman era?
11. What color does copper turn in architecture? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. Yes
2. 10,000 years
3. 9000 BC
4. Middle East
5. A copper pendant
6. 8700 BC
7. Gold and meteoric iron
8. Four
9. Copper was discovered sometimes before then
10. Cyprus
11. Green verdigris or patina

Q: Kingston upon Hull, usually abbreviated to Hull, is a city and unitary authority in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It lies upon the River Hull at its confluence with the Humber estuary, 25miles (40km) inland from the North Sea, with a population of ().

The town of Hull was founded late in the 12th century. The monks of Meaux Abbey needed a port where the wool from their estates could be exported. They chose a place at the confluence of the rivers Hull and Humber to build a quay.

The exact year the town was founded is not known but it was first mentioned in 1193. Renamed "Kings-town upon Hull" by King Edward I in 1299, Hull has been a market town, military supply port, trading hub, fishing and whaling centre and industrial metropolis.

Hull was an early theatre of battle in the English Civil Wars. Its 18th century Member of Parliament, William Wilberforce, took a prominent part in the abolition of the slave trade in Britain.

The city is unique in the UK in having had a municipally owned telephone system from 1902, sporting cream, not red, telephone boxes.

After suffering heavy damage in the Second World War (the 'Hull Blitz'), Hull weathered a period of post-industrial decline, gaining unfavourable results on measures of social deprivation, education and policing. In the early 21st century spending boom before the late 2000s recession the city saw large amounts of new retail, commercial, housing and public service construction spending.

1. Kingston upon Hull.
2. unknown
3. 1193.
4. Kings-town upon Hull.
5. 1299.
6. A market town.
7. A military supply port.
8. Yes.
9. 25miles.
10. The North Sea.
11. Yes.
12. The River Hull.
13. The Second World War.
14. Yes.
15. The early 21st century.

Numbered questions:
1. What city is the article about?
2. What year was it founded?
3. When was it first mentioned?
4. What did King Edward name it?
5. When?
6. What type of town is it?
7. What else has it been?
8. Is it near the sea?
9. How far?
10. What body of water is near?
11. Is there a river nearby?
12. What is it called?
13. When did the city suffer heavy damage?
14. Were battles fought there?
15. What century saw a spending boom?

input: To unambiguously specify the date, dual dating or Old Style (O.S.) and New Style (N.S.) are sometimes used with dates. Dual dating uses two consecutive years because of differences in the starting date of the year, or includes both the Julian and Gregorian dates. Old Style and New Style (N.S.) indicate either whether the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on 1 January (N.S.) even though documents written at the time use a different start of year (O.S.), or whether a date conforms to the Julian calendar (O.S.) rather than the Gregorian (N.S.).

The Gregorian calendar was a reform of the Julian calendar instituted in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by papal bull Inter gravissimas dated 24 February 1582. The motivation for the adjustment was to bring the date for the celebration of Easter to the time of year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early Church. Although a recommendation of the First Council of Nicaea in 325 specified that all Christians should celebrate Easter on the same day, it took almost five centuries before virtually all Christians achieved that objective by adopting the rules of the Church of Alexandria (see Easter for the issues which arose). 1. What other term for dual dating?
2. What dual dating for?
3. How many years it is for?
4. What name it has included?
5. In what year it changed?
6. Why it has to change? Return numbered answers in your output.

output:
1. Old Style (O.S.) and New Style (N.S.)
2. differences in the starting date of the year
3. two consecutive years
4. Pope Gregory XIII,
5. in 1582
6. to bring the date for the celebration of Easter to the time of year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early Church