Detailed Instructions: Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Problem:Circulatory shock results in hypoxia/reoxygenation processes that lead to the release of reactive oxygen species, endothelial injury, and multiple organ failure. Previous data suggest that beta2-adrenergic agonists prevent endothelial dysfunction. The study aimed at determining whether the beta2-adrenergic agonist formoterol protects endothelial cells against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in vitro.', 'Prospective controlled trial.', 'University hospital research laboratory.', 'Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).', "Confluent HUVECs were sealed in a flow-through chamber mounted on an inverted microscope and perfused with a constant flow of Krebs medium. After 1 hr of equilibration, HUVECs underwent 2 hrs of hypoxia and 1 hr of reoxygenation. Cell death at the end of reoxygenation and reactive oxygen species formation were assessed with fluorescent probes propidium iodide and 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, respectively. The effects of the beta2-adrenergic agonist formoterol, the beta2-adrenergic antagonist ICI 118,551 and the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NNA were investigated. Statistical analysis was performed with analysis of variance followed by post hoc Fisher's test.", 'Hypoxia/reoxygenation increased cell death (hypoxia/reoxygenation 29 +/- 4% vs. control 1 +/- 5%, p < .05) and endothelial reactive oxygen species production (hypoxia/reoxygenation 126 +/- 4% vs. control 108 +/- 4%, p < .05). Formoterol reduced cell death in a concentration-dependent manner (EC95 = 10 mol/L) and reduced endothelial reactive oxygen species production (hypoxia/reoxygenation + formoterol EC95 109 +/- 4% vs. hypoxia/reoxygenation 126 +/- 4%, p < .05). When added to formoterol EC95, ICI 118,551 and L-NNA abolished the formoterol-induced cell protection and reduced reactive oxygen species production.
Solution:
Does beta2-adrenergic agonist protect human endothelial cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in vitro?