instruction:
In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

(a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ''National Parks
Capital Improvements Act of 1999''.
(b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.
Sec. 3. Fundraising organization.
Sec. 4. Memorandum of agreement.
Sec. 5. National park surcharge or set-aside.
Sec. 6. Use of bond proceeds.
Sec. 7. Administration.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

In this Act:
(1) Fundraising organization.--The term ''fundraising
organization'' means an entity authorized to act as a
fundraising organization under section 3(a).
(2) Memorandum of agreement.--The term ''memorandum of
agreement'' means a memorandum of agreement entered into by the
Secretary under section 3(a) that contains the terms specified
in section 4.
(3) National park foundation.--The term ''National Park
Foundation'' means the foundation established under the Act
entitled ''An Act to establish the National Park Foundation'',
approved December 18, 1967 (16 U.S.C. 19e et seq.).
(4) National park.--The term ''national park'' means--
(A) the Grand Canyon National Park; and
(B) any other national park designated by the
Secretary that has an approved general management plan
with capital needs in excess of $5,000,000.
(5) Secretary.--The term ''Secretary'' means the Secretary
of the Interior.

SEC. 3. FUNDRAISING ORGANIZATION.

(a) In General.--The Secretary may enter into a memorandum of
agreement under section 4 with an entity to act as an authorized
fundraising organization for the benefit of a national park.
(b) Bonds.--The fundraising organization for a national park shall
issue taxable bonds in return for the surcharge or set-aside for that
national park collected under section 5.
(c) Professional Standards.--The fundraising organization shall
abide by all relevant professional standards regarding the issuance of
securities and shall comply with all applicable Federal and State law.
(d) Audit.--The fundraising organization shall be subject to an
audit by the Secretary.
(e) No Liability for Bonds.--
(1) In general.--The United States shall not be liable for
the security of any bonds issued by the fundraising
organization.
(2) Exception.--If the surcharge or set-aside described in
section 5(a) for a national park is not imposed for any reason,
or if the surcharge or set-aside is reduced or eliminated, the
full faith and credit of the United States is pledged to the
payment of--
(A) the bonds issued by a fundraising organization
under subsection (b) for that national park; and
(B) the interest accruing on the bonds.

SEC. 4. MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT.

The fundraising organization shall enter into a memorandum of
agreement that specifies--
(1) the amount of the bond issue;
(2) the maturity of the bonds, not to exceed 20 years;
(3) the per capita amount required to amortize the bond
issue, provide for the reasonable costs of administration, and
maintain a sufficient reserve consistent with industry
standards;
(4) the project or projects at the national park that will
be funded with the bond proceeds and the specific
responsibilities of the Secretary and the fundraising
organization with respect to each project; and
(5) procedures for modifications of the agreement with the
consent of both parties based on changes in circumstances,
including modifications relating to project priorities.

SEC. 5. NATIONAL PARK SURCHARGE OR SET-ASIDE.

(a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the
Secretary may authorize the superintendent of a national park for which
a memorandum of agreement is in effect--
(1) to charge and collect a surcharge in an amount not to
exceed $2 for each individual otherwise subject to an entrance
fee for admission to the national park; or
(2) to set aside not more than $2 for each individual
charged the entrance fee.
(b) Surcharge in Addition to Entrance Fees.--A surcharge under
subsection (a) shall be in addition to any entrance fee collected
under--
(1) section 4 of the Land and Water Conservation Fund Act
of 1965 (16 U.S.C. 460l-6a);
(2) the recreational fee demonstration program authorized
by section 315 of the Department of the Interior and Related
Agencies Appropriations Act, 1996 (as contained in Public Law
104-134; 110 Stat. 1321-156; 1321-200; 16 U.S.C. 460l-6a note);
or
(3) the national park passport program established under
title VI of the National Parks Omnibus Management Act of 1998
(Public Law 105-391; 112 Stat. 3518; 16 U.S.C. 5991 et seq.).
(c) Limitation.--The total amount charged or set aside under
subsection (a) may not exceed $2 for each individual charged an
entrance fee.
(d) Use.--A surcharge or set-aside under subsection (a) shall be
used by the fundraising organization to--
(1) amortize the bond issue;
(2) provide for the reasonable costs of administration; and
(3) maintain a sufficient reserve consistent with industry
standards, as determined by the bond underwriter.
(e) Excess Funds.--Any funds collected in excess of the amount
necessary to fund the uses in subsection (d) shall be remitted to the
National Park Foundation to be used for the benefit of all units of the
National Park System.

SEC. 6. USE OF BOND PROCEEDS.

(a) Eligible Projects.--
(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), bond proceeds
under this Act may be used for a project for the design,
construction, operation, maintenance, repair, or replacement of
a facility in the national park for which the bond was issued.
(2) Project limitations.--A project referred to in
paragraph (1) shall be consistent with--
(A) the laws governing the National Park System;
(B) any law governing the national park in which
the project is to be completed; and
(C) the general management plan for the national
park.
(3) Prohibition on use for administration.--Other than
interest as provided in subsection (b), no part of the bond
proceeds may be used to defray administrative expenses.
(b) Interest on Bond Proceeds.--
(1) Authorized uses.--Any interest earned on bond proceeds
may be used by the fundraising organization to--
(A) meet reserve requirements; and
(B) defray reasonable administrative expenses
incurred in connection with the management and sale of
the bonds.
(2) Excess interest.--All interest on bond proceeds not
used for purposes of paragraph (1) shall be remitted to the
National Park Foundation for the benefit of all units of the
National Park System.

SEC. 7. ADMINISTRATION.

The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Treasury,
shall promulgate regulations to carry out this Act.
answer:
Exempts the United States from liability for such bonds unless the surcharge is not imposed for any reason or if it is reduced or eliminated in which case the full faith and credit of the United States is pledged to bond payment.
Authorizes the Secretary to: (1) permit the Superintendent of the park to charge and collect, in addition to the entrance fee, a surcharge of not to exceed $2; or (2) set aside not more than $2 for each entrance fee. Requires: (1) the surcharge or set-aside to be used by the organization to amortize the bond issue, to provide for the reasonable costs of administration, and to maintain a sufficient reserve consistent with industry standards; and (2) any excess funds to be remitted to the National Park Foundation (NPF) to be used for the benefit of all National Park System (NPS) units.
Allows bond proceeds to be used for a park facility project that is consistent with: (1) the laws governing the NPS and the park; and (2) the general management plan for the park.
Requires interest earned on bond proceeds to be: (1) used by the organization to meet reserve requirements and defray reasonable administrative expenses; and (2) remitted to the NPF for the benefit of all NPS units, to the extent funds are available in excess of the amount required for projects.

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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''National Commission of the Federal
Response to Natural Disasters in Puerto Rico Act of 2018''.

SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT AND PURPOSE.

(a) Establishment.--There is established a National Commission of
the Federal Response to Natural Disasters in Puerto Rico (in this Act
referred to as the ''Commission'').
(b) Purpose.--The purpose of the Commission is to examine the
Federal preparedness, response, and recovery to the 2017 natural
disasters in Puerto Rico, including the Federal Government's
consideration of the following aspects:
(1) Federal preparedness activities prior to Hurricanes
Irma and Maria, including Federal plans for the 2017 hurricane
season and decisionmaking regarding prepositioning contracts
and supplies.
(2) Federal response activities during Hurricanes Irma and
Maria, including Federal coordination, distribution of
assistance, and contracting.
(3) Federal recovery activities after Hurricanes Irma and
Maria, including Federal efforts to obtain accurate accounting
of the death toll, damage impacts, and long-term rebuilding
assistance for survivors.

SEC. 3. CONSIDERATIONS.

To carry out its examination, the Commission shall take into
consideration the Federal preparedness, response, and recovery efforts
in Puerto Rico as compared to other jurisdictions that were impacted by
the 2017 hurricane season, as well as the following issues:
(1) The impact and destruction of Hurricane Irma, Hurricane
Maria, the resulting landslides, and flooding.
(2) The adequacy of the death toll methodology and
processes, and whether previous death counts and mortality
estimates slowed or otherwise affected Federal response
efforts.
(3) The Federal emergency and contingency plans in place
before the 2017 hurricane season.
(4) The Federal preparedness guidelines issued ahead of the
2017 hurricane season.
(5) The vulnerability of Puerto Rico's economic situation
on Federal preparedness.
(6) The implications of Puerto Rico's reliance on imported
oil for power generation.
(7) The adequacy of the telecommunications network in
Puerto Rico.
(8) The capacity of the local government and Federal
Government to quickly mobilize and respond to disasters and
emergencies in Puerto Rico.
(9) The impact of the uncertainty in long-term Federal
health care funding on medical and emergency readiness.
(10) The implication of Puerto Rico's treatment under the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and its impact on readiness.
(11) The adequacy of available data and its effects on the
Federal response.
(12) The geographic, ecological, and infrastructure issues
that could have affected response efforts.
(13) A comparison of response efforts in other United
States jurisdictions vis-a-vis efforts in Puerto Rico for the
2017 hurricane season.

SEC. 4. COMPOSITION AND COMPENSATION OF COMMISSION.

(a) Members.--The Commission shall be composed of 8 members, of
whom two shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of
Representatives, two shall be appointed by the Majority Leader of the
Senate, two shall be appointed by the Minority Leader of the House of
Representatives, and two shall be appointed by the Minority Leader of
the Senate.
(b) Chair and Vice Chair.--The Commission, by majority vote, shall
choose a Chair and Vice Chair.
(c) Qualifications and Restrictions.--
(1) In general.--Individuals shall be selected for
appointment on the Commission solely on the basis of their
professional qualifications, experience, and expertise in
relevant fields, including disaster response and emergency
preparedness.
(2) Restrictions.--Individuals may not be an officer or
employee of the Federal Government or any State, or a current
elected official of the local government.
(d) Appointment.--
(1) In general.--All members of the Commission shall be
appointed not later than 30 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act.
(2) Presidential authority.--The President shall have no
authority to terminate the appointment of any member of the
commission.
(e) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the Commission shall not affect its
powers, but shall be filled in the same manner in which the original
appointment was made not later than 60 days after the date on which the
vacancy occurs.
(f) Compensation.--
(1) In general.--Members of the Commission may be
compensated for travel expenses necessary to conduct the work
and services for the Commission.
(2) Travel expenditures.--Members shall be allowed travel
expenditures, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in the
same manner as persons employed intermittently in the
Government service are allowed expenses under section 5703 of
title 5, United States Code.
(g) Staff.--
(1) In general.--With a majority vote of the Commission,
members may recruit personnel to assist with the Commission's
work, including the creation of the report.
(2) Personnel.--Any such personnel may include private
citizens, employees or detailees of the Federal Government, or
employees of the territorial government.

SEC. 5. FUNCTIONS AND POWERS OF THE COMMISSION.

(a) Quorum.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 60 days after the date on
which all members of the Commission have been appointed, the
Commission shall meet and begin the operations of the
Commission.
(2) Subsequent meetings.--Each subsequent meeting shall
occur upon the call of the Chair or a majority of its members.
(3) Quorum.--A majority of the members of the Commission
shall constitute a quorum, but a lesser number may hold
meetings.
(b) Public Meetings.--The Commission shall host not less than 10
public meetings in locations that are accessible to individuals of
every municipality with elected officials, local community leaders,
academic institutions, for-profit and non-for-profit organizations, and
individuals in Puerto Rico to the extent appropriate.
(c) Written Input.--The Commission shall allow participants both in
Puerto Rico and the mainland to provide written input to be included in
an appendix of the final report.
(d) Hearings.--
(1) In general.--The Commission may hold hearings, take
testimony, and receive evidence for its investigation.
(2) Protection of information.--Any public hearings of the
Commission shall be conducted in a manner consistent with the
protection of information provided to or developed for or by
the Commission as required by any applicable statute,
regulation, or Executive order.
(e) Subpoenas.--The Commission may issue subpoenas requiring the
attendance and testimony of witnesses, and requiring the submission of
data, books, records, correspondence, memoranda, papers, documents,
electronic files, metadata, tapes, and materials of any nature relating
to any matter under investigation.
(f) Information From Agencies.--The Commission may secure directly
from any executive department, bureau, agency, board, commission,
office, independent establishment, or instrumentality of the
Government, information, suggestions, estimates, and statistics.
(g) GSA Services.--The Administrator of General Services shall
provide to the Commission on a reimbursable basis administrative
support and other services for the performance of the Commission's
functions.
(h) Federal Assistance From Other Agencies.--Departments and
agencies of the United States may provide to the Commission such
services, funds, facilities, staff, and other support services as they
may determine advisable and as may be authorized by law.
(i) Postal Services.--The Commission may use the United States
mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as other
departments and agencies of the United States.

SEC. 6. REPORTS OF COMMISSION.

(a) Report.--Not later than 12 months after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Commission shall submit to the President and
Congress a final report on the causes and circumstances surrounding the
natural disasters in Puerto Rico, including preparedness and immediate
response, and providing recommendations to guard against future natural
disasters outside of the continental United States, which shall contain
findings, conclusions, and recommendations as have been agreed to by a
majority of Commission members and shall--
(1) be made available to the public in the English and
Spanish languages;
(2) include findings for the issues described in section 2;
and
(3) include--
(A) the number and nature of complaints filed to
the Inspectors General for Federal agencies responsible
in the aftermath of the 2017 natural disasters;
(B) details on Federal procurement and acquisition
practices in the aftermath of the 2017 natural
disasters;
(C) details on disaster mitigation protocols given
cultural and language differences; and
(D) disaster response processes taking into account
demographics (age, race, gender, income) and the impact
on segments of the population with disabilities.
(b) Appendix.--An appendix to the final report shall include
written input of participants in Puerto Rico and the mainland.
(c) Interim Report.--Not later than 6 months after the date of
enactment of this Act, the Commission shall provide to Congress an
interim report.

SEC. 7. SUNSET.

The Commission shall terminate on the day that is 90 days after the
date on which the final report is submitted.

SEC. 8. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

There is authorized to be appropriated $3,000,000 to carry out this
Act, to remain available until expended.
answer:
National Commission of the Federal Response to Natural Disasters in Puerto Rico Act of 2018 This bill establishes a National Commission of the Federal Response to Natural Disasters in Puerto Rico to examine the federal preparedness, response, and recovery to the 2017 natural disasters in Puerto Rico. The commission shall take into consideration the federal preparedness, response, and recovery efforts in Puerto Rico as compared to other jurisdictions impacted by the 2017 hurricane season, and consider other issues, including the impact and destruction of Hurricanes Irma and Maria, the vulnerability of Puerto Rico's economic situation on preparedness, the implications of Puerto Rico's reliance on imported oil for power generation, and the adequacy of the telecommunications network in Puerto Rico.

question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Federal Accountability and
Institutional Reform in Education Act of 1995''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

The Congress finds that--
(1) the Federal Government is reducing spending in all
areas, including postsecondary education;
(2) reductions in postsecondary education spending fall on
students, schools, State loan guaranty agencies and lenders;
(3) the administration of postsecondary education is the
responsibility of the Department of Education; and
(4) reforms should be made to postsecondary education
programs to provide greater accountability from the Department,
educational institutions, lenders, and guarantee agencies and
to enhance institutional compliance with Department policies.

SEC. 3. STUDENT LOAN COHORT DEFAULT MANAGEMENT REFORMS.

(a) Administrative and Fiscal Procedures.--Section 428(c)(2)(A) of
the Higher Education Act of 1965 is amended by striking ''proof that
reasonable attempts were made'' and inserting ''proof that the
institution was contacted and other reasonable attempts were made''
(b) Reimbursement.--Section 428(c)(2)(G) of the Higher Education
Act of 1965 is amended by striking ''certifies to the Secretary that
diligent attempts have been made'' and inserting ''demonstrates to the
Secretary that diligent attempts, including direct contact with the
institution have been made.''.
(c) Limitation.--Section 428 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 is
amended by adding at the end the following:
''(o) Limitation.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this
section, the Secretary shall not reimburse or permit any eligible
lender, servicer, or guaranty agency (or its affiliates) who previously
filed a claim for reimbursement on a loan to retain any proceeds from
rehabilitation of a defaulted loan to the extent that such funds, when
added to the amount of prior reimbursement under this section, exceed
100 percent of the original principal of the loan.''.
(d) Notice to Secretary and Payment of Loss.--Section 430(a) of the
Higher Education Act of 1965 is amended--
(1) by inserting ''all'' after ''required to meet''; and
(2) by inserting ''the institution was contacted and
other'' after ''submit proof that''.
(e) Annual Report.--Section 430 of the Higher Education Act of 1965
is amended by adding at the end the following:
''(f) Annual Report.--The Secretary shall report annually to
Congress that lenders, servicers and guaranty agencies have attested to
their compliance with servicing and due diligence requirements, under
both statute and regulation. The Secretary shall also provide
information on the successful practices of low-default lenders,
servicers and guaranty agencies to other financial, servicing and
guaranty institutions participating in this title to encourage
duplication of successful servicing and collection programs.''.
(f) Circumstances.--Section 435(a)(2) of the Higher Education Act
of 1965 is amended by adding at the end the following:
''(D) The circumstances referred to in subparagraph (A)(ii)
shall be uniformly applied to all eligible institutions and
shall require that such an institution meet the following
criteria:
''(i) Not less than 50 percent of the students
enrolled in eligible programs qualify for an award
under subpart 1 of part A of title IV.
''(ii) The institution's student completion rate,
as calculated under the Student Right to Know
provisions of this title, is 60 percent or greater.
''(iii) The initial job placement rate of program
graduates is 60 percent or greater.''.
(g) Cohort Default Rate.--Section 435(m)(1)(B) of the Higher
Education Act of 1965 is amended by striking ''paid claims'' and
inserting ''properly paid claims as required in section 430 of this
Act''.

SEC. 4. ELIGIBLE INSTITUTION REFORM.

Section 481 (b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 is amended--
(1) by inserting before the period at the end of the first
sentence the following: ''on the basis of a review by the
institution's independent auditor using generally accepted
accounting principles''; and
(2) by inserting before the second sentence the following:
''For the purposes of paragraph (6), revenues from sources that are not
derived from funds under this title include revenues from programs of
education or training that do not meet the definition of an eligible
program in subsection (e), but are provided on a contractual basis
under Federal, State or local training programs, to business and
industry, or to other eligible applicants. For the purposes of
determining whether an institution meets the requirements of paragraph
(6), the Secretary shall not consider the financial information of any
institution for a fiscal year that began on or before April 30,
1994.''.

SEC. 5. ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES FOR INSTITUTIONAL PROGRAM PARTICIPATION.

Section 498(c) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 is amended by
inserting '', based on an audited financial statement using any
generally accepted accounting principles'' after ''is able''.
answer:
Federal Accountability and Institutional Reform in Education Act of 1995 - Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 (HEA) to revise the accountability provisions and reform certain programs of such Act.
(Sec. 3) Revises provisions for student loan cohort default management. Requires proof that the institution was contacted, under certain administrative and fiscal procedures. Requires, under certain reimbursement provisions, a demonstration (rather than a certification) to the Secretary of Education that diligent attempts, including direct contact with the institution, have been made.
Prohibits the Secretary from reimbursing or permitting any eligible lender, servicer, or guaranty agency (or its affiliates) who previously filed a claim for reimbursement on a loan to retain any proceeds from rehabilitation of a defaulted loan to the extent that such funds, when added to the amount of prior reimbursement, exceed the whole amount of the original principal of the loan. Revises provisions relating to notice to the Secretary, payment of loss, and cohort default rate.
Directs the Secretary to: (1) report annually to the Congress that lenders, servicers and guaranty agencies have attested to their compliance with servicing and due diligence requirements; and (2) provide information on the successful practices of low-default lenders, servicers, and guaranty agencies to other financial, servicing, and guaranty institutions participating in HEA student aid programs, to encourage duplication of successful servicing and collection programs. Requires that certain mitigating circumstances, which allow an institution to continue in the student loan insurance program despite its having a high default rate, be uniformly applied to all eligible institutions, requiring that they meet the following criteria: (1) at least 50 percent of the students enrolled in eligible programs qualify for a Pell grant; (2) an institution's student completion rate is 60 percent or greater; and (3) the initial job placement rate of program graduates is 60 percent or greater.
(Sec. 4) Revises the definition of proprietary institution of higher education, for purposes of eligibility for HEA student aid programs.
Requires, for purposes of the requirement that such an institution have at least 15 percent of its revenues from sources that are not derived from funds provided under HEA student aid programs, a review by the institution's independent auditor using generally accepted accounting principles. Requires further that revenues from sources that are not derived from HEA student aid program funds include revenues from programs of education or training that do not meet the definition of an eligible program, but are provided on a contractual basis under Federal, State, or local training programs, to business and industry, or to other eligible applicants. Prohibits the Secretary from considering the financial information of any institution for a fiscal year that began on or before April 30, 1994.
(Sec. 5) Revises accounting procedures for institutional program participation to require that specified information be based on an audited financial statement using any generally accepted accounting principles.