input: Kashmir is the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent. Until the mid-19th century, the term "Kashmir" denoted only the Kashmir Valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range. Today, it denotes a larger area that includes the Indian-administered territory of Jammu and Kashmir (subdivided into Jammu, Kashmir, and Ladakh divisions), the Pakistani-administered territories of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan, and Chinese-administered territories of Aksai Chin and the Trans-Karakoram Tract.

In the first half of the 1st millennium, the Kashmir region became an important centre of Hinduism and later of Buddhism; later still, in the ninth century, Kashmir Shaivism arose. In 1339, Shah Mir became the first Muslim ruler of Kashmir, inaugurating the "Salatin-i-Kashmir" or Shah Mir dynasty. Kashmir was part of the Mughal Empire from 1586 to 1751, and thereafter, until 1820, of the Afghan Durrani Empire. That year, the Sikhs, under Ranjit Singh, annexed Kashmir. In 1846, after the Sikh defeat in the First Anglo-Sikh War, and upon the purchase of the region from the British under the Treaty of Amritsar, the Raja of Jammu, Gulab Singh, became the new ruler of Kashmir. The rule of his descendants, under the "paramountcy" (or tutelage) of the British Crown, lasted until the partition of India in 1947, when the former princely state of the British Raj was claimed by both Pakistan and India. It is currently a disputed territory, administered by three countries: India, Pakistan, and China. 1. What region was important for relions?
2. What religions were important there?
3. Where is it located?
4. Which part?
5. What used to outline the region?
6. What outlines the area now?
7. Who runs the area now?
8. Before then?
9. Who was the first Muslim ruler?
10. When did the Sikh take over? Return numbered answers in your output.

output: 1. the Kashmir region
2. Hinduism, Buddhism and Kashmir Shaivism
3. the Indian subcontinent
4. the northernmost geographical region
5. the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range
6. the Indian-administered territory, the Pakistani-administered territories and the Chinese-administered territories
7. India, Pakistan, and China
8. Pakistan and India
9. Shah Mir
10. 1820

input: A planet is an astronomical body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that The term "planet" is ancient, with ties to history, astrology, science, mythology, and religion. Several planets in the Solar System can be seen with the naked eye. These were regarded by many early cultures as divine, or as emissaries of deities. As scientific knowledge advanced, human perception of the planets changed, incorporating a number of disparate objects. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially adopted a resolution defining planets within the Solar System. This definition is controversial because it excludes many objects of planetary mass based on where or what they orbit. Although eight of the planetary bodies discovered before 1950 remain "planets" under the modern definition, some celestial bodies, such as Ceres, Pallas, Juno and Vesta (each an object in the solar asteroid belt), and Pluto (the first trans-Neptunian object discovered), that were once considered planets by the scientific community, are no longer viewed as such.

The planets were thought by Ptolemy to orbit Earth in deferent and epicycle motions. Although the idea that the planets orbited the Sun had been suggested many times, it was not until the 17th century that this view was supported by evidence from the first telescopic astronomical observations, performed by Galileo Galilei. At about the same time, by careful analysis of pre-telescopic observation data collected by Tycho Brahe, Johannes Kepler found the planets' orbits were not circular but elliptical. As observational tools improved, astronomers saw that, like Earth, the planets rotated around tilted axes, and some shared such features as ice caps and seasons. Since the dawn of the Space Age, close observation by space probes has found that Earth and the other planets share characteristics such as volcanism, hurricanes, tectonics, and even hydrology. 1. Is the term planet new?
2. Who thought planets orbited the Earth?
3. In what type of motions?
4. Was there another idea that had been suggested before?
5. Once or many times?
6. Did that idea say the Earth orbited a black hole?
7. What, then?
8. When was that view supported by some actual evidence?
9. What type of observations was the evidence from?
10. Who obtained the evidence?
11. Was anyone else making analysis at the same time?
12. Who?
13. Who collected the data Kepler was looking at?
14. Did he find that the planets' orbits were circular?
15. What type of orbits did they have, then?
16. What type of axis do planets rotate around?
17. Do many planets share features with the Earth?
18. What's an example of one?
19. When was a resolution adopted defining planets within the solar system?
20. By who? Return numbered answers in your output.

output: 1. No
2. Ptolemy
3. deferent and epicycle motions
4. Yes
5. many times
6. No.
7. That the planets orbited the sun
8. 17th century
9. telescopic astronomical observations
10. Galileo Galilei
11. Yes
12. Johannes Kepler
13. Tycho Brahe
14. No.
15. elliptical
16. tilted
17. Yes.
18. Volcanism
19. 2006
20. International Astronomical Union

input: CHAPTER IX

THE NEW ARRIVAL

"Say, that's great!"

"Be careful, Dick! Don't try too much!"

"He made a very good start," came from Captain Colby, who was watching the progress of the biplane closely.

Over the cornfield sailed the _Dartaway_ with Dick Rover the sole occupant. He was up about fifty feet in the air and presently he went still higher.

"He's making the turn!" cried Sam. "Just look at him coming around!"

"Here he comes back!" exclaimed Tom. "Hurrah! Who says Dick can't fly? Why, he's flying like a veteran!"

"Very good, so far," murmured Captain Colby. "If only he keeps his wits about him he'll be all right."

"Trust Dick to do that," answered Sam. "He knows what he is doing, every time."

The biplane had now reached a point close to where the three stood in the field. All expected Dick to come down, but he did not. Instead, he made another graceful turn to the left, and started over the cornfield a second time.

"I wish the others could see him," murmured Tom. They had not told the folks in the house about the trial flights for fear of scaring them. Everybody thought the boys would not try to fly for at least a week.

Four times did Dick sail around the cornfield, the last time making such a wide circle that he went directly over the barn and the wagon shed. Then he shut off the engine and glided slowly to earth, coming down in the middle of the field with scarcely a jar. 1. who should be careful ?
2. who thinks it was a great start ?
3. what was he doing ?
4. of what ?
5. who sail around the corn ?
6. how many times ?
7. did he turn on the engine ?
8. what did he do ?
9. and then what ?
10. to the moon ?
11. where ?
12. what was name of the vehicle that sailed ?
13. who was in it ?
14. last name ?
15. was he alone ?
16. who was cheering for him ?
17. who saw him turn ?
18. what was his flying compared to ?
19. does he know what he is doing ?
20. how often ? Return numbered answers in your output.

output:
1. Dick
2. Captain Colby
3. watching the progress
4. biplane
5. Dick
6. Four
7. no
8. shut off the engine
9. lided slowly
10. no
11. earth
12. _Dartaway_
13. Dick
14. Rover
15. yes
16. Tom
17. Sam
18. a veteran
19. yes
20. every time