Q: I read this background article the other day: Another example of incomplete dominance is with sickle cell anemia, a disease in which a blood protein called hemoglobin is produced incorrectly. This causes the red blood cells to have a sickle shape, making it difficult for these misshapen cells to pass through the smallest blood vessels. A person that is homozygous recessive ( ss ) for the sickle cell trait will have red blood cells that all have the incorrect hemoglobin. A person who is homozygous dominant ( SS ) will have normal red blood cells. I am facing a new situation today: Two brothers went to take a blood test. Ned had sickle cell anemia, while Ted didn't have that disease. Their mother took Ned to a specialist. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which brother didn't have misshapen cells that had difficulty passing through the smallest blood vessels?
A: Ted
Question: I read this background article the other day: Huge amounts of chemicals, such as fertilizers and pesticides, are applied to farm fields (see Figure below ). Some of the chemicals are picked up by rainwater. Runoff then carries the chemicals to nearby rivers or lakes. Dissolved fertilizer causes too much growth of water plants and algae. This can lead to dead zones where nothing can live in lakes and at the mouths of rivers. Some of the chemicals can infiltrate into groundwater. The contaminated water comes up in water wells. If people drink the polluted water, they may get sick. I am facing a new situation today: Two neighboring counties used different agricultural methods on their farm fields. Cook county used many fertilizers and pesticides, while Dane county used only organic methods and no pesticides. As a result, the waters in Dane county were cleaner. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which county contaminated more water wells?
Answer: Cook
[Q]: I read this background article the other day: Enzymes increase the rate of chemical reactions by reducing the amount of activation energy needed for reactants to start reacting. One way this can happen is modeled in the Figure below . Enzymes aren't changed or used up in the reactions they catalyze, so they can be used to speed up the same reaction over and over again. Each enzyme is highly specific for the particular reaction is catalyzes, so enzymes are very effective. A reaction that would take many years to occur without its enzyme might occur in a split second with the enzyme. Enzymes are also very efficient, so waste products rarely form. I am facing a new situation today: Keith is a physician with the city hospital. He noticed that reactions inside human body happen in different rates. He specifically noticed two cases, case A and case B. In case A enzymes were present, but in case B enzymes were not present. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which case would reqiure shorter time, case A or case B?
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[A]: case A
input: Please answer the following: I read this background article the other day: Gasoline-powered vehicles emit a lot of harmful materials. Nitrogen oxides are formed when atmospheric nitrogen reacts with oxygen at the high temperatures found in a car engine. Carbon monoxide is a by-product of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. Evaporated and unused fuel releases volatile hydrocarbons into the atmosphere to help form smog. The presence of a catalytic converter in the exhaust system of the car causes these materials to react and be changed into less harmful products. I am facing a new situation today: Hill town was full of gasoline powered vehicles, while Valley town 50 miles away, banned all gas powered vehicles and allows only electrical vehicles or horse-and-buggies. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which town emitted fewer nitrogen oxides?
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output: Valley
Please answer this: I read this background article the other day: Insecticide control of aphids is difficult, as they breed rapidly, so even small areas missed may enable the population to recover promptly. Aphids may occupy the undersides of leaves where spray misses them, while systemic insecticides do not move satisfactorily into flower petals. Finally, some aphid species are resistant to common insecticide classes including carbamates, organophosphates, and pyrethroids.For small backyard infestations, spraying plants thoroughly with a strong water jet every few days may be sufficient protection. An insecticidal soap solution can be an effective household remedy to control aphids, but it only kills aphids on contact and has no residual effect. Soap spray may damage plants, especially at higher concentrations or at temperatures above 32 C (90 F); some plant species are sensitive to soap sprays. I am facing a new situation today: Two farmers had different pests attacking their plants. John had a big aphid problem, so he used all the methods available to get rid of them. Mike had a slug problem, but had almost no aphides. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which farmer didn't learn that aphids are difficult to spray with insecticides?
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Answer: Mike
Question: I read this background article the other day: Windbreaks reduce wind velocity over and around crops. This increases yields through reduced drying of the crop and/or by preventing the crop from toppling in strong wind gusts. I am facing a new situation today: Two farms had winds destroying their crops. Hill farm started installing windbreaks, while Valley farm didn't have the funds to do that so they postponed the project. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which farm experienced reduced drying of the crop?
Answer:
Hill