Q: Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte (born Charles-Louis Napoleon Bonaparte; 20 April 1808 9 January 1873) was the President of France from 1848 to 1852 and, as Napoleon III, the Emperor of the French from 1852 to 1870. He was the only president of the French Second Republic and the head of the Second French Empire.

He was the nephew and heir of Napoleon I. He was the first Head of State of France to hold the title President, the first elected by a direct popular vote, and the youngest until the election of Emmanuel Macron in 2017. Barred by the Constitution and Parliament from running for a second term, he organized a "coup d'etat" in 1851 and then took the throne as Napoleon III on 2 December 1852, the forty-eighth anniversary of his uncle's coronation. He remains the longest-serving French head of state since the French Revolution. His downfall was brought about by the Franco-Prussian war in which France was decisively defeated by the North German Confederation, led by Prussia.

During the first years of the Empire, Napoleon's government imposed censorship and harsh repressive measures against his opponents. Some six thousand were imprisoned or sent to penal colonies until 1859. Thousands more went into voluntary exile abroad, including Victor Hugo. From 1862 onwards, he relaxed government censorship, and his regime came to be known as the "Liberal Empire". Many of his opponents returned to France and became members of the National Assembly.

1. Emmanuel Macron
2. President
3. unknown
4. 2017
5. 1848
6. Charles-Louis Napoleon Bonaparte
7. 20 April 1808
8. 1852
9. Yes
10. Franco-Prussian war
11. North German Confederation
12. 1870

Numbered questions:
1. Who was elected in France in 2017?
2. What was his title?
3. Did Napoleon have this title?
4. (I was just asking "was Napoleon a president"). When was he elected?
5. When was Napoleon elected?
6. What is his birth name?
7. When was he born?
8. When did he take the throne?
9. Was he the only president of the French Second Republic?
10. What brought his downfall?
11. Who was france fighting?
12. When did Napoleon's reign end?

Q: CHAPTER V

THE BATTLE ON THE SEA

On the morrow Thorvald, my father, sent messengers to the head men of Agger, telling them of all that he and his House had suffered at the hands of Steinar, whereof those of their folk who had been present at the feast could bear witness. He added that if they stood by Steinar in his wickedness and treachery, thenceforward he and the men of the North would be their foes and work them mischief by land and sea.

In due course these messengers returned with the tale that the head men of Agger had met together and deposed Steinar from his lordship over them, electing another man, a nephew of Steinar's father. Also they sent a present of gold rings in atonement for the wrong which had been done to the house of Thorvald by one of their blood, and prayed that Thorvald and the northern men would bear them no ill will for that in which they were blameless.

Cheered by this answer, which halved the number of their foes, my father, Thorvald of Aar, and those Over-men of whom he was the High-lord, began to make their preparations to attack Athalbrand on his Island of Lesso. Of all these things Athalbrand learned by his spies, and later, when the warships were being prepared and manned, two messengers came from him, old men of repute, and demanded to see my father. This was the substance of his message, which was delivered in my hearing.

1. Thorvald of Aar
2. Steinar,
3. messengers
4. head men of Agger
5. yes
6. deposed Steinar from his lordship
7. yes
8. a nephew of Steinar's father
9. a present
10. gold rings

Numbered questions:
1. Who was the father?
2. Who had made them suffer?
3. Who did he send word with?
4. To whom?
5. Did the men he sent with word return?
6. What had Agger men done with Steinar?
7. Did someone take his place?
8. Who?
9. What did they offer as an apology?
10. What was it?

Q: A railway electrification system supplies electric power to railway trains and trams without an on-board prime mover or local fuel supply. Electrification has many advantages but requires significant capital expenditure. Selection of an electrification system is based on economics of energy supply, maintenance, and capital cost compared to the revenue obtained for freight and passenger traffic. Different systems are used for urban and intercity areas; some electric locomotives can switch to different supply voltages to allow flexibility in operation.

Electric railways use electric locomotives to haul passengers or freight in separate cars or electric multiple units, passenger cars with their own motors. Electricity is typically generated in large and relatively efficient generating stations, transmitted to the railway network and distributed to the trains. Some electric railways have their own dedicated generating stations and transmission lines but most purchase power from an electric utility. The railway usually provides its own distribution lines, switches and transformers.

1. A railway electrification system
2. An on-board prime mover or local fuel supply.
3. Electric locomotives
4. No
5. Generating stations
6. Yes
7. Purchase power from an electric utility.
8. The revenue obtained for freight and passenger traffic
9. No
10. The ability to switch to different supply voltage
11. Electric power to railway trains and trams

Numbered questions:
1. What supplies electric power to railway trains and trams?
2. What does it not have?
3. What carries passengers?
4. Do they share motors?
5. Where is the power generated from?
6. Do some stations have their own?
7. What do most do though?
8. What is capital amount compared to?
9. Do urban and intercity use the same systems?
10. What allows flexibility in operations?
11. What does the railway provide?

Q: Are you the kind of person who likes staying in unusual places? If the answer is "yes", then try the world's coldest hotel in Jukkasjarvi in the north of Sweden. But go in winter to all you'll find is a pool of water, because the hotel melts every spring!

The man who runs the Artic Hall Hotel is Nils Yngve Bergqvist. He built his first ice building for an art exhibition in 1991 and he designed the present hotel-over 200 meters square-himself. It took workmen about two months to pile 1,000 tons of snow onto a wooden base. As the weather got colder, the snow froze and then they removed the base. The whole building and everything in it are made of snow-except for the wooden front door. There's a theatre which Nils uses for a jazz club, a radio station and a large ice bar. As you can imagine, hot drinks are popular with the guests! The rooms have no doors; there's no furniture, no heating and everyone sleeps on ice beds. But the 800 people who stayed at the hotel this winter seemed to like it. If you want to stay in one of he ten ice rooms, it will cost you about Y=30 a night. You will receive a survival certificate from the manager.

When the winter's over, Nils holds his annual contest to predict the day that the hotel will fall. The person that guessed the day correctly last year received a large painting from an Artic Hall exhibition. Nils' ice hotel is becoming world famous and he loves his work. He's already excited about his next project-an ice hotel that will have more complicated architectural features and, he says, will be bigger and better.

1. in Jukkasjarvi, Sweden
2. it falls
3. he runs the Artic Hall Hotel
4. unknown
5. to predict the day that the hotel will fall
6. a large painting from an Artic Hall exhibition
7. in the north
8. 200 meters square
9. unknown
10. a survival certificate

Numbered questions:
1. Where is the world's coldest hotel located?
2. What happens to it in the spring?
3. Who is Nils Yngve Bergqvist?
4. How does the hotel fall?
5. What kind of contest does Nils run?
6. And what does the winner get?
7. What part of Sweden is Jukkasjarvi located in?
8. How big is the hotel?
9. How many ice rooms does it have?
10. What does hotel manager give each gets that stays through the night?