In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
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Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Justice for Victims of Fraud Act of
2016''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

The Congress finds the following:
(1) The Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection found that
Wells Fargo management implemented sales incentives, including
an incentive-compensation program, in part to increase the
number of banking products and services that its employees sold
to its customers.
(2) The Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection found that
Wells Fargo employees engaged in improper sales practices to
satisfy sales goals under Wells Fargo's incentive compensation
program, including opening as many as 1,534,280 checking
accounts and 565,443 credit card accounts using consumers'
information without their knowledge or consent between May 2011
and July 2015.
(3) Wells Fargo successfully claimed in Jabbari v. Wells
Fargo that customers had signed away their rights to hold Wells
Fargo accountable in court for claims of fraud because those
customers were bound to a forced arbitration clause for their
legitimate accounts.
(4) After Wells Fargo publicly entered a settlement with
Federal regulators for the opening of thousands of unauthorized
customer accounts, Wells Fargo claimed in Mitchell et. al. v.
Wells Fargo et. al. that customers' fraud claims must continue
to be forced into arbitration.
(5) Several courts have determined that despite claims of
fraud over unauthorized accounts opened without customer
knowledge or consent, those customers are still bound by
contracts forcing those claims into arbitration based on the
courts' interpretation of the Federal Arbitration Act.
(6) The Federal Arbitration Act (now codified as chapter 1
of title 9, United States Code) was intended to apply to
disputes between commercial entities of generally similar
sophistication and bargaining power, but a series of decisions
by the Supreme Court of the United States have interpreted the
Federal Arbitration Act as applicable to claims of fraud.
(7) Consumers have no meaningful choice whether to submit
their claims to arbitration and are typically unaware that they
have given up their rights to file claims in court.

SEC. 3. ARBITRATION OF CONSUMER DISPUTES RELATED TO CREDIT CARD
ACCOUNTS.

Chapter 2 of the Truth in Lending Act (15 U.S.C. 1631 et seq.) is
amended by adding at the end the following (and the table of contents
for such chapter is conformed accordingly):
''Sec. 140B. Validity and enforceability
''(a) Definitions.--In this section--
''(1) the term 'covered dispute' means a dispute that is
not subject to a final judgment by a court; and
''(2) the term 'predispute arbitration agreement' means any
agreement between a person and a consumer providing for
arbitration of any future dispute between the parties.
''(b) Validity and Enforceability.--No predispute arbitration
agreement shall be valid or enforceable in a covered dispute that is
related to a credit card that was not issued in response to a request
or application for that credit card account.
''(c) Applicability.--The applicability of this section to a
predispute arbitration agreement shall be determined by a State or
Federal court of competent jurisdiction.''.

SEC. 4. ARBITRATION OF CONSUMER DISPUTES RELATED TO COVERED ACCOUNTS.

The Electronic Fund Transfer Act (15 U.S.C. 1693 et seq.) is
amended by inserting after section 920 (15 U.S.C. 1693o-2) the
following:

''SEC. 920A. VALIDITY AND ENFORCEABILITY.

''(a) Definitions.--In this section--
''(1) the term 'covered account'--
''(A) means a demand deposit, savings deposit, or
other asset account (other than an occasional or
incidental credit balance in an open end credit plan as
defined in section 103(i)), as described in regulations
of the Bureau, established primarily for personal,
family, or household purposes, including demand
accounts, time accounts, negotiable order of withdrawal
accounts, and share draft accounts; and
''(B) does not include an account held by a
financial institution pursuant to a bona fide trust
agreement;
''(2) the term 'covered dispute' means a dispute that is
not subject to a final judgment by a court; and
''(3) the term 'predispute arbitration agreement' means any
agreement between a financial institution and a consumer
providing for arbitration of any future dispute between the
parties.
''(b) Validity and Enforceability.--No predispute arbitration
agreement shall be valid or enforceable in a covered dispute that is
related to a covered account that was not issued in response to a
request or application for that covered account.
''(c) Applicability.--The applicability of this section to a
predispute arbitration agreement shall be determined by a State or
Federal court of competent jurisdiction.''.

SEC. 5. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

Nothing in the amendments made by this Act shall be construed--
(1) to authorize the imposition of a requirement to submit
a dispute to arbitration; or
(2) to restrict any court from ruling that a requirement to
submit a dispute to arbitration is invalid or unenforceable.

Answer: Justice for Victims of Fraud Act of 2016 This bill amends the Truth in Lending Act and the Electronic Fund Transfer Act to prohibit predispute arbitration agreements with consumers (i.e., agreements to arbitrate any future disputes between parties instead of pursuing the claims in court) from being valid or enforceable in disputes related to credit card accounts or personal bank accounts that are not subject to a final judgment by a court if the credit card or bank account was not issued in response to a request or application for that account. The bill excludes from this prohibition accounts held by a financial institution pursuant to a bona fide trust agreement.

Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Budget Surplus Dividend Act of
1997''.

SEC. 2. 50 PERCENT OF FEDERAL BUDGET SURPLUS TO REIMBURSE EMPLOYERS AND
EMPLOYEES FOR A PORTION OF THEIR SOCIAL SECURITY TAXES.

(a) In General.--Subpart C of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to refundable credits)
is amended by redesignating section 35 as section 36 and by inserting
after section 34 the following new section:

''SEC. 35. CREDIT FOR PORTION OF SOCIAL SECURITY TAXES.

''(a) Allowance of Credit.--In the case of a taxable year to which
this section applies, there shall be allowed as a credit against the
tax imposed by this subtitle for the taxable year an amount equal to
the applicable percentage of the taxpayer's social security taxes for
the taxable year.
''(b) Taxable Years to Which Section Applies.--This section shall
apply to any taxable year beginning in the first calendar year
beginning after a fiscal year if there is a Federal budget surplus for
such fiscal year of more than $1,000,000,000.
''(c) Applicable Percentage.--For purposes of this section--
''(1) In general.--The term 'applicable percentage' means--
''(A) the base percentage with respect to so much
of the taxpayer's social security taxes as does not
exceed $3,000, and
''(B) the phasedown percentage with respect to so
much of the taxpayer's social security taxes as exceeds
$3,000.
''(2) Base percentage.--The term 'base percentage' means,
for taxable years beginning in a calendar year, the percentage
which the Secretary estimates will result in a reduction of
revenues to the Treasury by reason of this section for such
taxable year equal to 50 percent of the Federal budget surplus
for the most recent fiscal year ending before such calendar
year. Proper adjustments shall be made in the percentage
determined under the preceding sentence with respect to any
subsequent fiscal year to the extent that prior estimates were
in excess of or less than the proper percentage.
''(3) Phasedown percentage.--The term 'phasedown
percentage' means the base percentage reduced (but not below
zero) by the number of percentage points which bears the same
ratio to the base percentage as--
''(A) the excess of the taxpayer's social security
taxes over $3,000 bears to
''(B) the excess of the maximum social security
taxes over $3,000.
''(4) Maximum social security taxes.--The term 'maximum
social security taxes' means the amount which would be the
social security taxes of the taxpayer if the amount on which
such taxes are determined were equal to the maximum amount of
remuneration which may be taken into account under section
3101(a).
''(5) Special rules.--
''(A) Dollar limitations on per employee basis.--
The dollar limitations in paragraphs (1) and (3) shall
be applied on a per employee basis.
''(B) Self-employed individuals.--Paragraphs (1)
and (3) shall be applied by substituting '$6,000' for
'$3,000' each place it appears in the case of the taxes
referred to in subparagraph (C) or (D) of subsection
(d)(1).
''(d) Social Security Taxes.--For purposes of this section--
''(1) In general.--The term 'social security taxes' means,
with respect to any taxpayer for any taxable year--
''(A) the taxes imposed by sections 3101 and
3201(a) (relating to taxes on employees) on amounts
received by the taxpayer during the calendar year in
which the taxable year begins,
''(B) the taxes imposed by sections 3111 and
3221(a) (relating to taxes on employers) on amounts
paid by the taxpayer during the calendar year in which
the taxable year begins,
''(C) the taxes imposed by section 1401 on the
self-employment income of the taxpayer for the taxable
year, and
''(D) the taxes imposed by section 3211(a)(1) on
amounts received by the taxpayer during the calendar
year in which the taxable year begins.
''(2) Coordination with special refund of social security
taxes.--The term 'social security taxes' shall not include any
taxes to the extent the taxpayer is entitled to a special
refund of such taxes under section 6413(c).
''(3) Special rule.--Any amounts paid pursuant to an
agreement under section 3121(l) (relating to agreements entered
into by American employers with respect to foreign affiliates)
which are equivalent to the taxes referred to in paragraph
(1)(A) shall be treated as taxes referred to in such
paragraph.''
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for subpart C of
part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by
striking the item relating to section 35 and inserting the following:

''Sec. 35. Credit for portion of social
security taxes.
''Sec. 36. Overpayments of tax.''
(c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 1997.

SEC. 3. APPROPRIATION TO USE 25 PERCENT OF FEDERAL BUDGET SURPLUS TO
REDUCE OUTSTANDING PUBLIC DEBT.

There is hereby appropriated for the first fiscal year following
each fiscal year for which there is a Federal budget surplus an amount
equal to 25 percent of such surplus for purpose of paying at maturity,
or to redeem or buy before maturity, obligations of the Government
included in the public debt. An obligation of the Government that is
paid, redeemed, or bought with funds appropriated by the preceding
sentence shall be canceled and retired and may not be reissued.

SEC. 4. USE 25 PERCENT OF FEDERAL BUDGET SURPLUS TO INCREASE NONDEFENSE
DISCRETIONARY SPENDING LIMITS.

For the first fiscal year following each fiscal year for which
there is a Federal budget surplus, the Director of the Office of
Management and Budget shall increase (on a pro rata basis between the
applicable nondefense categories for that fiscal year) the
discretionary spending limit for new budget authority under section
251(c) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985
by an amount equal to 25 percent of such surplus and shall adjust the
outlays flowing from that budget authority accordingly.

Answer: Budget Surplus Dividend Act of 1997 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to allocate credits to taxpayers for social security taxes, during any year in which there is a Federal budget surplus of more than $1 billion, so as to utilize 50 percent of such surplus. Requires that, during any such year, the remainder of such surplus shall be split and used to: (1) reduce the outstanding public debt; and (2) increase nondefense discretionary spending limits.

Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Civil Defense Accountability Act of
2018''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds the following:
(1) On January 13, 2018, a ballistic missile alert reading:
''BALLISTIC MISSILE THREAT INBOUND TO HAWAII. SEEK IMMEDIATE
SHELTER. THIS IS NOT A DRILL'' was sent in error to individuals
in the State of Hawaii, and was not corrected for 38 minutes,
traumatizing Hawaii residents and visitors.
(2) The National Security Strategy of the President, dated
December 18, 2017, noted the following:
(A) ''As missiles grow in numbers, types, and
effectiveness, to include those with greater ranges,
they are the most likely means for states like North
Korea to use a nuclear weapon against the United
States.''.
(B) North Korea ''has spent hundreds of millions of
dollars on nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons
that could threaten our homeland''.
(C) ''North Korea seeks the capability to kill
millions of Americans with nuclear weapons.''.
(3) Due to the heightened threat level of conflict with
North Korea, the State of Hawaii has begun to implement monthly
outdoor warning siren system tests for the first time since the
end of the Cold War.
(4) According to the Hawaii Emergency Management Agency, a
North Korean ballistic missile would reach Hawaii approximately
20 minutes after launch.
(5) According to the Missile Defense Agency,
''sophisticated ballistic missile technology is available on a
wider scale than ever to countries hostile to the U.S. and our
allies. As those countries continue to develop and exchange
this technology, there is also an increasing threat of those
technologies falling into the hands of hostile non-state
groups.''.

SEC. 3. REPORT REGARDING BALLISTIC MISSILE CIVIL DEFENSE NOTIFICATION
PROTOCOLS.

(a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with
the Director of the Federal Communications Commission and the Secretary
of Homeland Security, shall submit to Congress a report regarding
current notification protocols regarding ballistic missile threats.
Such report shall include assessments of notifications required under
Federal law or regulations--
(1) after a ballistic missile threat is identified,
including notifications to Federal and State entities;
(2) during a ballistic missile threat, including
communications between Federal and State entities; and
(3) regarding ballistic missile impact warnings to Federal
and State entities and the general public.
(b) Form.--The report required under subsection (a) shall be
submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified annex.

SEC. 4. CIVIL DEFENSE EMERGENCY BEST PRACTICES.

(a) Study.--(1) Not later than 180 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security, acting
through the Federal Emergency Management Agency, shall conduct a study
to identify best practices of the States selected under paragraph (2)
regarding civil defense emergencies. Such study shall identify the
following:
(A) Plans of each State regarding communications
between State, local, and Federal entities before,
during, and after a civil defense emergency.
(B) Plans of each State to communicate with
residents before, during, and after a civil defense
emergency.
(C) Plans of each State to educate residents
regarding civil defense emergencies.
(D) Security plans of each State and local law
enforcement agencies of each State regarding civil
defense emergencies.
(E) Contingency plans of each State to deliver aid,
food, water, and temporary shelter in a civil defense
emergency.
(2) The Secretary of Homeland Security shall select not fewer than
13 States to participate in the study under this subsection,
including--
(A) Hawaii, Alaska, California, and Washington;
(B) not fewer than five other States that border on an
ocean or the Gulf of Mexico; and
(C) not fewer than five other States that do not so border
an ocean or the Gulf of Mexico.
(b) Report.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security
shall submit to Congress a report regarding the following:
(A) The study under subsection (a).
(B) Deficiencies identified by the Secretary in
existing State practices regarding civil defense
emergencies.
(C) Best practices identified by the Secretary
regarding civil defense emergencies.
(D) Best modes and methods used to provide public
instructions once a civil defense emergency is
declared.
(E) Plans of the Secretary to improve outreach to
the general public regarding civil defense emergencies.
(2) Form.--The report required under this subsection shall
be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified
annex.
(3) Dissemination to the states.--Not later than 270 days
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of
Homeland Security shall disseminate the unclassified portions
of the report required under this subsection to the chief
executive of each State.

SEC. 5. INCIDENT REPORTS REGARDING THE BALLISTIC MISSILE FALSE ALARM
THAT OCCURRED ON JANUARY 13, 2018.

(a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, each key official shall submit to Congress an
unclassified report, with a classified annex if necessary, regarding
the actions of the respective Federal department or agency of the key
official with respect to the ballistic missile false alarm that
occurred on January 13, 2018, in the State of Hawaii. Each report under
this section shall include recommendations of the key official who
submits each such report regarding corrective actions that such key
official determines will diminish the possibility of another ballistic
missile false alarm.
(b) Publication.--Each key official who submits a report under
subsection (a) shall publish on a publicly available website of the
respective Federal department or agency of each such key official the
unclassified portion of each such report.
(c) Key Official Defined.--In this section, the term ''key
official'' includes--
(1) the Secretary of Defense;
(2) the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management
Agency; and
(3) the Director of the Federal Communications Commission.

SEC. 6. PUBLIC HEALTH RECOMMENDATIONS.

(a) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human Services,
acting through the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness
and Response of the Department of Health and Human Services, shall
submit to Congress and publish online a report regarding the ability of
the Department and health care providers to respond to attacks in the
United States with biological, chemical, radiological, or nuclear
weapons. The report under this section shall include the following:
(1) Assessments of current readiness of the Department and
health care providers to respond to such attacks.
(2) Recommendations to Congress and to health care
providers that the Secretary determines will improve readiness
described in paragraph (1).
(b) Outreach.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall
develop and implement a public outreach program in coordination with
State and local government entities regarding recommendations contained
in the report required under subsection (a).
(c) Grants.--The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall take
into consideration the recommendations in the report required under
subsection (a) when issuing grants under the Public Health Emergency
Preparedness cooperative agreement and the Hospital Preparedness
Program.

SEC. 7. DEFINITION.

In this Act, the term ''State'' means each of the several States of
the United States, the District of Columbia, and any territory,
commonwealth, or possession of the United States.

Answer:
Civil Defense Accountability Act of 2018 This bill directs the Department of Defense (DOD), in coordination with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), to report to Congress regarding current notification protocols for ballistic missile threats. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) must conduct, and report on, a study to identify best practices of at least 13 states, including Hawaii, Alaska, California, Washington, and other states bordering or not bordering on an ocean or the Gulf of Mexico, regarding civil defense emergencies. The bill requires key officials (defined to include the heads of DOD, FEMA, and the FCC) to submit to Congress and make publicly available unclassified reports on the actions of their respective departments or agencies regarding the ballistic missile false alarm that occurred on January 13, 2018, in Hawaii. Each report shall include recommendations for corrective actions to diminish the possibility of another ballistic missile false alarm. The Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) must submit to Congress and publish online a report regarding the ability of HHS and health care providers to respond to attacks in the United States with biological, chemical, radiological, or nuclear weapons. HHS must (1) develop and implement a public outreach program in coordination with state and local governments regarding recommendations in such report for improving readiness in responding to such attacks, and (2) consider the report's recommendations when issuing grants under the Public Health Emergency Preparedness cooperative agreement and the Hospital Preparedness Program.