Question: Open-source software (OSS) is computer software with its source code made available with a license in which the copyright holder provides the rights to study, change, and distribute the software to anyone and for any purpose. Open-source software may be developed in a collaborative public manner. According to scientists who studied it, open-source software is a prominent example of open collaboration. The term is often written without a hyphen as "open source software".

Open-source software development, or collaborative development from multiple independent sources, generates an increasingly more diverse scope of design perspective than any one company is capable of developing and sustaining long term. A 2008 report by the Standish Group states that adoption of open-source software models has resulted in savings of about $60billion (48 billion) per year to consumers.

In the early days of computing, programmers and developers shared software in order to learn from each other and evolve the field of computing. Eventually the open source notion moved to the way side of commercialization of software in the years 1970-1980. In 1997, Eric Raymond published "The Cathedral and the Bazaar", a reflective analysis of the hacker community and free software principles. The paper received significant attention in early 1998, and was one factor in motivating Netscape Communications Corporation to release their popular Netscape Communicator Internet suite as free software. This source code subsequently became the basis behind SeaMonkey, Mozilla Firefox, Thunderbird and KompoZer. 1. Did programmers and developers ever share software?
2. When?
3. What's one of the reasons for their sharing?
4. What's another reason they shared software?
5. Does open source software result in any savings for consumers?
6. How much in US dollars?
7. What about in British pounds?
8. What organization is the source of those numbers?
9. What year did they release their report?
10. Is Linus Torvalds the sexist Finnish hacker ever? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. yes
2. In the early days of computing,
3. learn from each other
4. evolve the field
5. oh yes
6. about $60billion
7. 48 billion
8. the Standish Group states
9. 2008
10. unknown

Question: Chris Medina was an outstanding star on a Monday night's audition of American Idol (,). He made the Americans moved for more than just his singing. Chris performed the famous band The Script's song "Breakeven" and he brought along his beloved fiancee , Juliana Ramos, who is limited to a wheelchair following a terrible car accident. There is a very touching emotional story behind them.

Chris, an amazing singer, said he fell in love with Juliana the first moment he saw her and they became engaged soon afterwards. They had planned to get married two years after getting engaged. But shortly before they could hold each other's hands into the marriage hall, Juliana, suffered from a brain injury in a tragic car accident. On the exact day they were supposed to get married, Chris shared a song he wrote for his fiancee. "I'm giving all I've got to give/ To pull you through/ In your darkest hour, I will be your light," were some of his _ lyrics.

Juliana's idol is Oprah Winfrey and Idol judge Steven could see that she remains a fan of Chris' music, accompanying him to the audition. Chris received a ticket to Hollywood, which Juliana proudly waved. While he is heading to Hollywood to pursue his dream of singing, Chris continues to take care of Juliana, alongside her mother.

Chris' love story touched more than the Americans. It reached Irish rockers The Script, who spoke highly of the young man and his songs at the audition. "Chris Medina: not only are you a major talent, but you are one in a billion! Stay strong and never give up. This world needs more men like you." the band's guitarist, Mark Sheehan, said. 1. Who was Chris Medina's fiance?
2. What happened to Juliana?
3. And what damage did it do to her?
4. What song did Chris perform at the American Idol audition?
5. Did Chris get a ticket to Hollywood?
6. Does he continue to take care of Juliana?
7. Who else does?
8. Who or what is The Script?
9. From where?
10. Who is their guitarist? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. Juliana Ramos
2. she was in a car accident
3. brain injury
4. "Breakeven"
5. yes
6. yes
7. her mother.
8. a band
9. Ireland
10. Mark Sheehan

Question: CHAPTER XIX.

CAST ASHORE.

WHEN Jack opened his eyes he lay for some time wondering where he was and what had become of him. There were stars in the sky overhead, but the light was stealing over it, and he felt that it was daybreak. There was a loud, dull, roaring sound in his ears--a sound he could not understand, for not even a breath of wind fanned his cheek. At last slowly the facts came to his mind. There had been a great storm, the vessel was among the breakers, he had got into the long-boat with Arthur to put in the plugs, they had been lifted up and blown away--and then suddenly Jack sat upright.

It was light enough for him to see that he was still in the boat, but its back was broken and its sides staved in. Around him was a mass of tangled foliage, and close beside him lay Arthur Hill, the blood slowly oozing from a terrible gash in his forehead. Jack leaned over and raised him, and loudly shouted his name in his ear. With a sigh Arthur opened his eyes.

"What is it, Jack?" he asked feebly.

"We are saved, old man. We have been blown right ashore in the boat, and we have both got shaken and hurt a bit; but, thank God, we are both alive."

"Where are we?" Arthur asked, looking round.

"As far as I can see," Jack replied, "we are in the middle of a grove of trees that have been blown down by the gale, and the leaves and branches have broken our fall, otherwise we must have been smashed up. We must have been lying here for the last ten hours. It was just about six o'clock when we struck, for I looked at the clock in the cabin the last time we were down there; and as the sun will be up before long, it must be getting on for five now. Now, let us try to get out of this." 1. Where was Jack?
2. What condition was it in?
3. What time of day was it?
4. Was someone injured?
5. Who?
6. Was he alive?
7. Where was he injured?
8. Were they aware of their exact location for certain?
9. How long did Jack estimate they'd been there?
10. Did he remember glancing at a clock?
11. What time did it say?
12. Where was it?
13. What time did he guess it must be now?
14. What caused the boat to crash?
15. What sound did Jack hear when he awoke?
16. Was it due to the wind?
17. Which man was older? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers:
1. in the boat
2. its back was broken
3. daybreak
4. Yes.
5. Arthur Hill
6. Yes.
7. his forehead
8. Yes.
9. ten hours.
10. yes
11. six o'clock
12. in the cabin
13. five
14. a great storm
15. a loud, dull, roaring sound
16. No.
17. Arthur