Q: When two atoms are bonded together, the difference between their electronegativities can tell you about the qualities of their bond. Subtract the smaller electronegativity from the larger one to find the difference. For example, if we're looking at the molecule HF, we would subtract the electronegativity of hydrogen (2.1) from fluorine (4.0). 4.0 - 2.1 = 1.9 Here, the electrons are shared almost equally. These bonds don't form molecules that have large charge differences on either end. Nonpolar bonds tend to be very difficult to break. This is because the atoms are sharing electrons, making their bond stable. It requires a lot of energy to break this bond. For example, the molecule O2 has this type of bond. Since the two oxygen's have the same electronegativity, the difference between them is 0. These bonds have more of the electrons at one end than the other. This makes the molecule a little more negative at the end with the electrons and a little more positive at the end without them. The charge imbalance in these bonds can allow the molecule to participate in certain special reactions, such as joining with another atom or molecule or pulling a molecule apart. This is because it's still reactive. A good example of this is the molecule H2O (water). The O is more electronegative than the two Hs, so it holds the electrons more tightly and makes the entire molecule partially negative at the O end and partially positive at the H ends. In these bonds, the electrons are completely at one end of the bond. The more electronegative atom gains a negative charge and the less electronegative atom gains a positive charge. These sorts of bonds allow their atoms to react well with other atoms and even be pulled apart by polar molecules. An example of this is NaCl (sodium chloride or salt). The chlorine is so electronegative that it pulls both electrons in the bond all the way towards itself, leaving sodium with a positive charge. NaCl can be broken apart by a polar molecule, such as H2O (water). In a water molecule, the hydrogen side of the molecule is positive, while the oxygen side is negative. When you mix the salt into the water, the water molecules break down the salt molecules, dissolving the salt. If there is a metal in the bond, the bond is ionic. If there are only non-metals, the bond is polar covalent. Metals include most of the atoms on the left side and the middle of the periodic table. This page has a table that shows which elements are metals. Our HF example from above falls in this range. Since H and F aren't metals, they have a polar covalent bond.
A: Find the electronegativity difference between the two atoms. If the difference is below about 0.5, the bond is nonpolar covalent. If the difference is between 0.5-1.6, the bond is polar covalent. If the difference is over 2.0, the bond is ionic. If the difference is between 1.6-2.0, check for a metal.

Q: Since the T-shirt market is already so developed now, your own business won't survive long if you try to compete with every other T-shirt business. Instead, focus on one target market or niche. Make your target market specific without becoming too obscure. For example, "funny graphic shirts" would be a bad market since it's too broad. A better choice would be something like "funny graphic shirts about cooking and baking" since that addresses a focused yet widespread target group. Learn about other T-shirt sellers who share similar a similar niche. You'll need to be able to compete with them on all levels so that customers will be willing to choose your product over theirs. Pay attention to your competitors' product quality, design variety, pricing, and customer service. Also note how they promote their products. Studying the competition isn't as hard as you might initially believe it to be. Follow the brands on their blogs and social media pages, and sign up for their free digital newsletters. Even if you're starting the business on your own, you'll probably need to hire help and delegate tasks to other people. Focus your efforts on the business aspects that come naturally to you, then hire partners to help you with the rest. A successful T-shirt business needs skilled designers and printers, but it also needs people who can make websites, manage people, and market the product. Moreover, if you struggle to manage your finances, you might also need to hire an accountant or someone else to do that for you. Even if you have some skill in each area, you will probably need to hire partners as your business grows to keep up with the demand. There are three main print methods used by T-shirt businesses: screen printing, heat transfer, and direct-to-garment. Each option has pros and cons, so you'll need to figure out which one is right for your intended business model. Screen printing is cost-effective for large batches, but it can be expensive if you want to offer multiple colors. It also works best with simple designs, and the quality can start decreasing once designs become too complex. Heat transfers make it easier to print shirts on demand. The designs need to be professionally printed on high-quality heat transfer paper, but you'll need to invest in a heat press machine and transfer the design to each shirt yourself. The overall quality is less durable than screen printing and direct-to-garment printing, too. Direct-to-garment printing creates high-quality images and makes it easier to produce small orders in a wide range of colors. The designs themselves can also be very detailed without a drop in quality. It won't be very cost effective for large production runs, though. Establishing specific business goals will make it easier for you to know what you're working toward. If you don't set any goals, you can easily become aimless and find your business struggling as a result. Set long-term and short-term goals. Determine how many shirts you plan to sell this year, month, and week. Once you start meeting your short-term goals, you can adjust your future short-term and current long-term goals accordingly. You should understand your financial situation before you even enter the designing phase of your business. Make sure that you're keeping a record of your finances throughout the entire process, as well. Keep all of your business expenses within the same bank account and credit card. If possible, don't use this account or card for anything other than your business. Know what to expect before money starts changing hands. Get quotes from multiple printers and compare cost to value. Factor in the cost of labeling, packaging, storage, and shipping supplies, too. Ultimately, the cost of production will be the key factor in determining the sale price of your product. Even if you only have two or three designs, you should still market them as part of a larger brand instead of selling them separately and anonymously. Keep the content and quality of your T-shirts consistent across the brand. Creating a brand will make it easier to advertise. Customers who purchase from you will associate the T-shirt with your brand, and might be more likely to return to your brand later or recommend it to others. Additionally, creating a brand before you start selling will make it easier to expand your business if you decide to add more designs later.
A: Identify your target market. Study the competition. Hire partners and other employees. Choose the best print method for your business. Set goals. Organize your financial records. Establish your own brand.

Q: Daily blood sugar testing with a glucometer is advised to avoid episodes of hypoglycemia or low blood sugar. This will also help assess your ideal insulin requirement. Learning to use a glucometer is important. Select a brand that has easily obtainable glucose strips. In the beginning you may have to check your blood sugar levels three to four times a day or even at nighttime. Managing your insulin levels improves carbohydrate metabolism and reduces blood sugar levels. Insulin therapy is individualized according to weight, lifestyle, age, family support, and occupation. Follow your healthcare provider's instructions when administering insulin injections. If medications are required, some physicians recommend starting with oral blood sugar control medications such as metformin or glyburide. If oral agents fail, the traditional treatment involves an intermediate insulin such as NPH in the morning and bedtime, and a short acting insulin with some or all meals. The dosing depends on weight, trimester of pregnancy, and how elevated the blood sugars are.
A:
Monitor blood glucose (sugar) as recommended by your healthcare provider. Know the benefits of insulin therapy. Know when you should have insulin therapy.