Answer the following question given this paragraph: Pathways of Hormone Action The message a hormone sends is received by a hormone receptor, a protein located either inside the cell or within the cell membrane. The receptor will process the message by initiating other signaling events or cellular mechanisms that result in the target cell's response. Hormone receptors recognize molecules with specific shapes and side groups, and respond only to those hormones that are recognized. The same type of receptor may be located on cells in different body tissues, and trigger somewhat different responses. Thus, the response triggered by a hormone depends not only on the hormone, but also on the target cell. Once the target cell receives the hormone signal, it can respond in a variety of ways. The response may include the stimulation of protein synthesis, activation or deactivation of enzymes, alteration in the permeability of the cell membrane, altered rates of mitosis and cell growth, and stimulation of the secretion of products. Moreover, a single hormone may be capable of inducing different responses in a given cell. Q: Receptors for what chemical messengers recognize molecules with specific shapes and side groups, and respond only to those that are recognized? Choices: - acids - chromosomes - enzymes - hormones A:
hormones
(Question)
Answer the following question given this paragraph: In benzene, the true bonding between carbon atoms is neither a single nor a double bond. Rather, all of the bonds are a hybrid of a single and double bond. In benzene, the pi bonding electrons are free to move completely around the ring. Delocalized electrons are electrons that are not confined to the bond between two atoms, but are instead allowed to move between three or more. The delocalization of the electrons in benzene can best be shown by showing benzene with a ring inside the hexagon, with the hydrogen atoms understood. Q: What type of electrons are electrons that are not confined to the bond between two atoms? Choices: - virtualized - detached - internalized - delocalized A:
(Answer)
delocalized
Ques: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What is the spread of cancer cells beyond their original site called? Choices: - scattering - mutations - apoptosis - metastasis A:
Ans: metastasis
(Q).
Answer the following question given this paragraph: The second stage of photosynthesis takes place in the stroma surrounding the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast. The reactions of this stage can occur without light, so they are sometimes called light-independent or dark reactions. This stage of photosynthesis is also known as the Calvin cycle because its reactions were discovered by a scientist named Melvin Calvin. He won a Nobel Prize in 1961 for this important discovery. Q: Which cycle is named after the scientist melvin calvin? Choices: - krebs cycle - melvin cycle - melcal cycle - calvin cycle A:
(A).
calvin cycle
Ques:Answer the following question given this paragraph: The most important difference between synthetic and naturally occurring polymers is that the former usually contain very few different monomers, whereas biological polymers can have as many as 20 different kinds of amino acid residues arranged in many different orders. Chains with less than about 50 amino acid residues are calledpeptides, whereas those with more than about 50 amino acid residues are calledproteins. Many proteins are enzymes, which are catalysts that increase the rate of a biological reaction. Q: What role do proteins play in a biological reaction? Choices: - amino acid chains - antioxidants - reverse hormones - act as catalysts A:

Ans:act as catalysts
Ques:Answer the following question given this paragraph: Because alkanes contain only CC and CH bonds, which are strong and not very polar (the electronegativities of C and H are similar; Figure 7.15 "Pauling Electronegativity Values of the "), they are not easily attacked by nucleophiles or electrophiles. Consequently, their reactivity is limited, and often their reactions occur only under extreme conditions. For example, catalytic cracking can be used to convert straight-chain alkanes to highly branched alkanes, which are better fuels for internal combustion engines. Catalytic cracking is one example of a pyrolysis reaction (from the Greek pyros, meaning "fire," and lysis, meaning "loosening"), in which alkanes are heated to a sufficiently high temperature to induce cleavage of the weakest bonds: the CC single bonds. The result is a mixture of radicals derived from essentially random cleavage of the various CC bonds in the chain. Pyrolysis of n-pentane, for example, is nonspecific and can produce these four radicals: Equation 24.7. Q: When do alkane reactions usually occur? Choices: - underwater - at high altitudes - in cold climates - under extreme conditions A:

Ans:
under extreme conditions