Given an abstract of a paper, generate a title for this paper such that conveys the key focus of the paper.

Ex Input:
Abstract: In a retrospective study I assessed operative mortality in patients with biopsy-proven chronic hepatitis. Most patients had no symptoms from their liver disease. All patients were considered to have a viral cause of their chronic hepatitis--five were hepatitis-B surface antigen positive. Seven patients had chronic persistent hepatitis, and 13 had chronic active hepatitis (including four with cirrhosis). Twenty patients underwent 34 operative procedures, including 28 general endotracheal anesthesia and six spinal anesthesia. Although two patients who had preoperative bilirubin levels of 2.5 mg/dl or greater sustained further increases in serum bilirubin postoperatively, the serum liver chemistries of the entire group did not significantly worsen postoperatively. There was no anesthesia-related liver failure or operative mortality. Patients with asymptomatic chronic hepatitis tolerate surgical procedures well.

Ex Output:
Surgical procedures are well tolerated by patients with asymptomatic chronic hepatitis.

Ex Input:
Abstract: We compared the MCR, volume of distribution, and rapid phase (rt1/2) and slow phase half-lives of purified pituitary rat (r) TSH, TSH from crude pituitary extracts of normal and hypothyroid rats, TSH from hypothyroid rat sera, and TSH secreted from hypothyroid rat pituitaries incubated in vitro. For 3 h after iv bolus injection into euthyroid rats, 125I-labeled rTSH was determined by acid precipitation in serum and various organs, and unlabeled TSH was measured by RIA. The MCR of TSH from normal pituitary extracts (0.53 +/- 0.02 ml/min) was similar to that of unlabeled purified rTSH (0.52 +/- 0.03), while those from hypothyroid pituitary extracts (0.32 +/- 0.03) and hypothyroid sera (0.33 +/- 0.01) were decreased. The reduced MCR of TSH from hypothyroid pituitaries was due to a decreased distribution volume (8.4 +/- 0.6 ml) compared to that from normal pituitaries (11.4 +/- 0.7) and hypothyroid sera (10.9 +/- 0.8). The decreased MCR of circulating TSH from hypothyroid sera reflected an increase in its rt1/2 (12.6 +/- 0.5 min) vs. that from both normal (5.1 +/- 0.5) and hypothyroid (5.7 +/- 0.4) pituitaries. The rt1/2 of secreted TSH from incubated hypothyroid rat pituitaries (8.5 +/- 0.9) was intermediate between those of circulating and pituitary forms of hypothyroid rTSH. The clearances of intact bovine TSH (bTSH) and deglycosylated bTSH (dg-bTSH) were compared. The dg-bTSH MCR was found to be increased (0.71 +/- 0.02 ml/min) compared to that of bTSH (0.59 +/- 0.02), primarily due to a decreased rt1/2 for dg-bTSH (3.8 +/- 0.1 min) vs. bTSH (4.7 +/- 0.2). Uptake of purified [125I]rTSH was highest in the kidney at all times, varying from 43% of the injected dose at 5 min to 54% at 180 min. We conclude that in the euthyroid rat, 1) the metabolic clearance of TSH differs between pituitary and serum forms and appears to depend on specific molecular features that vary with the physiological state of the animal from which the TSH is derived; 2) since chemical deglycosylation increased the clearance of TSH, we speculate that the chemical basis for changes in TSH clearance may be related to alterations in its carbohydrate structure; and 3) for normal pituitary TSH, the kidney is the major organ of clearance.

Ex Output:
Differences in the metabolic clearance of pituitary and serum thyrotropin (TSH) derived from euthyroid and hypothyroid rats: effects of chemical deglycosylation of pituitary TSH.

Ex Input:
Abstract: After overnight food and fluid restriction, nine healthy males were examined before, during, and after lower body positive pressure (LBPP) of 11 +/- 1 mmHg (mean +/- SE) for 30 min and before, during, and after graded lower body negative pressure (LBNP) of -10 +/- 1, -20 +/- 2, and -30 +/- 2 mmHg for 20 min each. LBPP and LBNP were performed with the subject in the supine position in a plastic box encasing the subject from the xiphoid process and down, thus including the splanchnic area. Central venous pressure (CVP) during supine rest was 7.5 +/- 0.5 mmHg, increasing to 13.4 +/- 0.8 mmHg (P less than 0.001) during LBPP and decreasing significantly at each step of LBNP to 2.0 +/- 0.5 mmHg (P less than 0.001) at 15 min of -30 +/- 2 mmHg LBNP. Plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP) did not change significantly in face of this large variation in CVP of 11.4 mmHg. Mean arterial pressure increased significantly during LBPP from 100 +/- 2 to 117 +/- 3 Torr (P less than 0.001) and only at one point during LBNP of -30 +/- 2 mmHg from 102 +/- 1 to 115 +/- 5 mmHg (P less than 0.05). Heart rate did not change during LBPP but increased slightly from 51 +/- 3 to 55 +/- 3 beats/min (P less than 0.05) only at 7 min of LBNP of -30 +/- 2 mmHg. Plasma osmolality, sodium, and potassium did not change during the experiment. Hemoglobin concentration increased during LBPP and LBNP, whereas hematocrit only increased during LBNP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ex Output:
Influence of central venous pressure change on plasma vasopressin in humans.