Question: Information: - "Master Cat, or The Booted Cat", commonly known in English as "Puss in Boots", is a European literary fairy tale about a cat who uses trickery and deceit to gain power, wealth, and the hand of a princess in marriage for his penniless and low-born master. The oldest record of written history dates from Italian author Giovanni Francesco Straparola, who included it in his "The Facetious Nights of Straparola" (c. 155053) in XIVXV. Another version was published in 1634, by Giambattista Basile with the title "Cagliuso". The tale was written in French at the close of the seventeenth century by Charles Perrault (16281703), a retired civil servant and member of the "Academie francaise". The tale appeared in a handwritten and illustrated manuscript two years before its 1697 publication by Barbin in a collection of eight fairy tales by Perrault called "Histoires ou contes du temps passe". The book was an instant success and remains popular. Perrault's "Histoires" has had considerable impact on world culture. The original Italian title of the first edition was "Costantino Fortunato", but was later known as "Il gatto con gli stivali" (lit. "The cat with the boots"); the French title was "Histoires ou contes du temps passe, avec des moralites" with the subtitle "Les Contes de ma mere l'Oye" ("Stories or Fairy Tales from Past Times with Morals", subtitled "Mother Goose Tales"). The frontispiece to the earliest English editions depicts an old woman telling tales to a group of children beneath a placard inscribed "MOTHER GOOSE'S TALES" and is credited with launching the Mother Goose legend in the English-speaking world. "Puss in Boots" has provided inspiration for composers, choreographers, and other artists over the centuries. The cat appears in the third act "pas de caractere" of Tchaikovsky's ballet "The Sleeping Beauty", for example, and makes appearances in other media, most famously the sequels to the animated film "Shrek (film)". Puss in Boots is a popular pantomime in the UK. - Genre (or ; from French "genre" , "kind" or "sort", from Latin "genus" (stem "gener-"), Greek , "ges") - The quarrel of the Ancients and the Moderns began overtly as a literary and artistic debate that heated up in the early 17th Century and shook the Academie francaise. - Andrew Lang (31 March 1844 20 July 1912) was a Scottish poet, novelist, literary critic, and contributor to the field of anthropology. He is best known as a collector of folk and fairy tales. The Andrew Lang lectures at the University of St Andrews are named after him. - Donkeyskin ( French : Peau d'Ane ) is a French literary fairytale written in verse by Charles Perrault . It was first published in 1695 in a small volume and republished in 1697 in Perrault 's Histoires ou contes du temps passe . Andrew Lang included it , somewhat euphemized , in The Grey Fairy Book . It is similar in style to folktales of Aarne - Thompson type 510B , unnatural love . Others of this type include Catskin , Little Catskin , Cap O ' Rushes , Allerleirauh , The King Who Wished to Marry His Daughter , The She - Bear , Mossycoat , Tattercoats , The Princess That Wore A Rabbit - Skin Dress , and The Bear . - "Bluebeard" (French: "Barbe bleue") is a French folktale, the most famous surviving version of which was written by Charles Perrault and first published by Barbin in Paris in 1697 in "Histoires ou contes du temps passe". The tale tells the story of a wealthy violent man in the habit of murdering his wives and the attempts of one wife to avoid the fate of her predecessors. "The White Dove", "The Robber Bridegroom" and "Fitcher's Bird" (also called "Fowler's Fowl") are tales similar to "Bluebeard". - Cinderella, or The Little Glass Slipper, is a folk tale embodying a myth-element of unjust oppression/triumphant reward. Thousands of variants are known throughout the world. The title character is a young woman living in unfortunate circumstances, that are suddenly changed to remarkable fortune. The oldest documented version comes from China, and the oldest European version from Italy. The most popular version was first published by Charles Perrault in "Histoires ou contes du temps passe" in 1697, and later by the Brothers Grimm in their folk tale collection "Grimms' Fairy Tales". - Jean-Baptiste Colbert (29 August 1619 6 September 1683) was a French politician who served as the Minister of Finances of France from 1665 to 1683 under the rule of King Louis XIV. His relentless hard work and thrift made him an esteemed minister. He achieved a reputation for his work of improving the state of French manufacturing and bringing the economy back from the brink of bankruptcy. Historians note that, despite Colbert's efforts, France actually became increasingly impoverished because of the King's excessive spending on wars. Colbert worked to create a favourable balance of trade and increase France's colonial holdings. - Louis XIV (5 September 16381 September 1715), known as Louis the Great (') or the Sun King ('), was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who ruled as King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715. His reign of 72 years and 110 days is the longest of any monarch of a major country in European history. In this age of absolutism in Europe, Louis XIV's France was a leader in the growing centralization of power. - Histoires ou contes du temps passe or Les Contes de ma Mere l'Oye (Stories or Fairy Tales from Past Times with Morals or Mother Goose Tales) is a collection of literary fairy tales written by Charles Perrault, published in Paris in 1697. The work became popular because it was written at a time when fairy tales were fashionable amongst aristocrats in Parisian literary salons. Perrault wrote the work when he retired from court as secretary to Jean-Baptiste Colbert, minister to Louis XIV of France. Colbert's death may have forced Perrault's retirement, at which point he turned to writing. Scholars have debated as the origin of his tales and whether they are original literary fairy tales modified from commonly known stories, or based on stories written by earlier medieval writers such as Boccaccio. - Opera (English plural: "operas"; Italian plural: "opere" ) is an art form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text (libretto) and musical score, usually in a theatrical setting. In traditional opera, singers do two types of singing: recitative, a speech-inflected style and arias, a more melodic style. Opera incorporates many of the elements of spoken theatre, such as acting, scenery, and costumes and sometimes includes dance. The performance is typically given in an opera house, accompanied by an orchestra or smaller musical ensemble, which since the early 19th century has been led by a conductor. - "Little Red Riding Hood", or "Little Red Ridinghood", also known as "Little Red Cap" or simply "Red Riding Hood", is a European fairy tale about a young girl and a Big Bad Wolf. Its origins can be traced back to the 10th century by several European folk tales, including one from Italy called "The False Grandmother", later written among others by Italo Calvino in the "Italian Folktales" collection; the best known versions were written by Charles Perrault and Brothers Grimm. The story has been changed considerably in various retellings and subjected to numerous modern adaptations and readings. It is number 333 in the Aarne-Thompson classification system for folktales. Variations of the story have developed, incorporating various cultural beliefs and regional dialects into the story. An example of this is "Kawoni's Journey Across the Mountain: A Cherokee Little Red Riding Hood", which introduces Cherokee myths and language into the traditional story. Another such example is "Petite Rouge Riding Hood", which approaches the story from a Cajun perspective. - The Andrew Lang Lecture series is held at the University of St. Andrews. The lectures are named after Andrew Lang. The most famous lecture in this series is that given by J. R. R. Tolkien in March 1939, entitled 'Fairy Stories', but published subsequently as 'On Fairy-Stories'. - A fairy tale is a type of short story that typically features folkloric fantasy characters, such as dwarves, elves, fairies, giants, gnomes, goblins, mermaids, trolls, unicorns, or witches, and usually magic or enchantments. Fairy tales may be distinguished from other folk narratives such as legends (which generally involve belief in the veracity of the events described) and explicitly moral tales, including beast fables. The term is mainly used for stories with origins in European tradition and, at least in recent centuries, mostly relates to children's literature. - "Sleeping Beauty" ("The Beauty Sleeping in the Wood") by Charles Perrault or "Little Briar Rose" by the Brothers Grimm is a classic fairy tale written by Charles Perrault, which involves a beautiful princess, a sleeping enchantment, and a handsome prince. The version collected by the Brothers Grimm was an orally transmitted version of the originally literary tale published by Charles Perrault in "Histoires ou contes du temps passe" in 1697. This in turn was based on "Sun, Moon, and Talia" by Italian poet Giambattista Basile (published posthumously in 1634), which was in turn based on one or more folk tales. The earliest known version of the story is Perceforest, composed between 1330 and 1344 and first printed in 1528. - Charles Perrault (12 January 1628 16 May 1703) was a French author and member of the Academie Francaise. He laid the foundations for a new literary genre, the fairy tale, with his works derived from pre-existing folk tales. The best known of his tales include "Le Petit Chaperon Rouge" ("Little Red Riding Hood"), "Cendrillon" ("Cinderella"), "Le Chat Botte" ("Puss in Boots"), "La Belle au bois Dormant " ("The Sleeping Beauty"), and "Barbe Bleue" ("Bluebeard"). Some of Perrault's versions of old stories have influenced the German versions published by the Brothers Grimm more than 100 years later. The stories continue to be printed and have been adapted to opera, ballet (such as Tchaikovsky's "The Sleeping Beauty"), theatre, and film. Perrault was an influential figure in the 17th-century French literary scene, and was the leader of the Modern faction during the Quarrel of the Ancients and the Moderns. - The Brothers Grimm (' or '), Jacob (17851863) and Wilhelm Grimm (17861859), were German academics, philologists, cultural researchers, lexicographers and authors who together specialized in collecting and publishing folklore during the 19th century. They were among the best-known storytellers of folk tales, and popularized stories such as "Cinderella" (""), "The Frog Prince" (""), "The Goose-Girl" ("Die Gansemagd"), "Hansel and Gretel" (""), "Rapunzel", "Rumpelstiltskin" (""),"Sleeping Beauty" (""), and "Snow White" (""). Their first collection of folk tales, "Children's and Household Tales" ("), was published in 1812. - Anthropology is the study of various aspects of humans within past and present societies. Social anthropology and cultural anthropology study the norms and values of societies. Linguistic anthropology studies how language affects social life. Biological or physical anthropology studies the biological development of humans. - The University of St Andrews (informally known as St Andrews University or simply St Andrews; abbreviated as St And, from the Latin "Sancti Andreae", in post-nominals) is a British public research university in St Andrews, Fife, Scotland. It is the oldest of the four ancient universities of Scotland and the third oldest university in the English-speaking world (following Oxford and Cambridge). St Andrews was founded between 1410 and 1413, when the Avignon Antipope Benedict XIII issued a papal bull to a small founding group of Augustinian clergy. Given the information above, choose from the list below the object entity that exhibits the relation 'genre' with the subject 'donkeyskin'. Choices: - animated film - anthropology - art - book - cat - country - dance - debate - economy - fairy tale - fantasy - folklore - genre - history - lecture - legend - libretto - march - opera - physical anthropology - poet - research - study - tale
Answer:
fairy tale