Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

Keith Chen recently showed a flaw in experiments that had claimed to be able to replicate this phenomenon in monkeys. Max Bazerman and others suggested that it plays a role in the sunk-cost effect, while Jack Brehm studied it with appliances. Elliot Aronson argued that it only occurs in contexts relevant to the self, and a famous experiment featuring a boring task involving turning knobs demonstrated the inadequate-justification version. Inspired by the actions of a doomsday cult described in When Prophecy Fails, this is, FTP, what psychological phenomenon proposed by Leon Festinger describing how humans try to reduce conflict between contradictory beliefs and actions
Social Science