Given a scientific passage and an answer, generate a question for the given answer.

Q: Passage: The high specific heat of liquid water has important implications for life on Earth. A given mass of water releases more than five times as much heat for a 1C temperature change as does the same mass of limestone or granite. Consequently, coastal regions of our planet tend to have less variable climates than regions in the center of a continent. After absorbing large amounts of thermal energy from the sun in summer, the water slowly releases the energy during the winter, thus keeping coastal areas warmer than otherwise would be expected (Figure 5.13 "The High Specific Heat of Liquid Water Has Major Effects on Climate"). Water's capacity to absorb large amounts of energy without undergoing a large increase in temperature also explains why swimming pools and waterbeds are usually heated. Heat must be applied to raise the temperature of the water to a comfortable level for swimming or sleeping and to maintain that level as heat is exchanged with the surroundings. Moreover, because the human body is about 70% water by mass, a great deal of energy is required to change its temperature by even 1C. Consequently, the mechanism for maintaining our body temperature at about 37C does not have to be as finely tuned as would be necessary if our bodies were primarily composed of a substance with a lower specific heat. Figure 5.13 The High Specific Heat of Liquid Water Has Major Effects on Climate. Answer: energy

A: Because the human body is about 70% water by mass, and liquid water has high specific heat, a great deal of what is required to change its temperature?
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Q: Passage: The energy in sunlight, or solar energy, can be used to heat homes. It can also be used to produce electricity in solar cells. However, solar energy may not be practical in areas that are often cloudy. Answer: solar energy

A: The energy in sunlight is also known as what kind of energy?
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Q: Passage: 21.5 | The Immune Response against Pathogens By the end of this section, you will be able to: Explain the development of immunological competence Describe the mucosal immune response Discuss immune responses against bacterial, viral, fungal, and animal pathogens Describe different ways pathogens evade immune responses Now that you understand the development of mature, naive B cells and T cells, and some of their major functions, how do all of these various cells, proteins, and cytokines come together to actually resolve an infection? Ideally, the immune response will rid the body of a pathogen entirely. The adaptive immune response, with its rapid clonal expansion, is well suited to this purpose. Think of a primary infection as a race between the pathogen and the immune system. The pathogen bypasses barrier defenses and starts multiplying in the host's body. During the first 4 to 5 days, the innate immune response will partially control, but not stop, pathogen growth. As the adaptive immune response gears up, however, it will begin to clear the pathogen from the body, while at the same time becoming stronger and stronger. When following antibody responses in patients with a particular disease such as a virus, this clearance is referred to as seroconversion (sero- = "serum"). Seroconversion is the reciprocal relationship between virus levels in the blood and antibody levels. As the antibody levels rise, the virus levels decline, and this is a sign that the immune response is being at least partially effective (partially, because in many diseases, seroconversion does not necessarily mean a patient is getting well). An excellent example of this is seroconversion during HIV disease (Figure 21.26). Notice that antibodies are made early in this disease, and the increase in anti-HIV antibodies correlates with a decrease in detectable virus in the blood. Although these antibodies are an important marker for diagnosing the disease, they are not sufficient to completely clear the virus. Several years later, the vast majority of these individuals, if untreated, will lose their entire adaptive immune response, including the ability to make antibodies, during the final stages of AIDS. Answer: immune

A:
What bodily system is primarily responsible for fighting pathogens in the body?
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