TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: Cardinal Thomas Gibbons' defense of this organization would lead to Pope Leo XIII issuing an encylical, Rerum Novarum, supporting organizations of their kind. In contrast with its inclusive reputation, a chapter of this group was involved in the Seattle riots of 1886. Internal feuding following the failed Missouri Pacific railroad strike of 1886, and the emergence of a rival organization of skilled craftsmen, meant that by 1900, this organization was almost nonexistent. Name this labor organization that helped lobby for the Chinese Exclusion Act and, for 10 points, was founded by nine tailors in Philadelphia in 1869 and reached its peak under Terence V. Powderly.

SOLUTION: History

PROBLEM: It causes the weak bluish white glow in polls of water that shield some nuclear reactors. It is created by highly energetic charged particles that displace electrons in the medium through which they travel, and the subsequent electromagnetic wave in the wake of these particles is similar to the bow wave of a fast boat. FTP, what is this light produced when charged particles move through a medium faster than the speed of light in that medium

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: The shelterin complex protects these entities from non-homologous end joining, and they can form G-quadraplexes with bonding between G and C sequences. The TRAP assay is used to study the activity of enzymes associated with them. Disruptions in TFR2 binding to these regions results in damage signaling. The RNA-containing enzyme that extends these was discovered by Blackburn and is responsible for the characteristic repeat of these entities. Their shortening causes the end-replication problem, which leads to the Hayflick limit on eukaryotic cell division. For 10 points, name this region found at the end of linear chromosomes.

SOLUTION:
Science