In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Safe Teen and Novice Driver Uniform
Protection Act of 2011'' or the ''STANDUP Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds the following:
(1) The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration has
reported that--
(A) motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of
death of Americans between 15 and 20 years of age;
(B) between 1999 and 2009, more than 90,000
Americans were killed in motor vehicle crashes
involving drivers between 15 and 20 years of age, an
average of 155 deaths per week;
(C) drivers between 16 and 20 years of age have a
fatality rate that is 4 times higher than the rate for
drivers between 25 and 70 years of age; and
(D) teenage drivers who are 16 years of age have a
motor vehicle crash rate that is almost 10 times higher
than the crash rate for drivers between 30 and 60 years
of age.
(2) The National Transportation Safety Board found that
during the most recent 10-year period--
(A) teen drivers comprised less than 7 percent of
the driving population and accounted for more than 13
percent of drivers involved in all deadly crashes; and
(B) more than 20 percent of all highway fatalities
occurred in crashes that involved teen drivers.
(3) Analysis by the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Research Institute shows that--
(A) teenage drivers comprise approximately 40
percent of the fatalities in motor vehicle crashes in
which they are involved; and
(B) the other 60 percent of the fatalities in those
crashes are--
(i) passengers who were riding in the
vehicle with the teen driver;
(ii) drivers and passengers in other
vehicles involved in a crash with the teen
driver's vehicle; and
(iii) pedestrians.
(4) According to the Insurance Institute for Highway
Safety--
(A) the chance that a vehicle driven by a 16- or
17-year-old will be involved in an accident--
(i) doubles when there are 2 other teens in
the vehicle; and
(ii) quadruples when there are 4 teens in
the vehicle;
(B) States with strong nighttime driving
restrictions experience lower fatal crash rates among
drivers ages 15 to 17 years old; and
(C) a higher age requirement for licensing teen
drivers is correlated with a lower number of fatal
crashes per capita.
(5) The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration has
found that distraction caused by cellular phones is significant
enough to degrade driver performance, and is particularly
dangerous for inexperienced drivers between 15 and 20 years of
age.
(6) That National Transportation Safety Board has found
that although only 20 percent of driving by teenage drivers
occurs at night, more than 50 percent of the motor vehicle
crash fatalities involving teenage drivers occur at night.
(7) According to a 2007 report from the Texas
Transportation Institute at Texas A&M University--
(A) teenage drivers in rural areas are less likely
to be aware of the risks and dangers associated with
driving, placing them at higher risk of involvement in
crashes;
(B) teen drivers are more likely than other
drivers--
(i) to drive with other teenage passengers;
(ii) to drive late at night;
(iii) to exceed the speed limit;
(iv) to use cell phones while driving; and
(v) to fail to use seat belts while
driving.
(8) The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
reports that although 23 percent of the population of the
United States lives in rural areas, 57 percent of all traffic
fatalities occur on rural roads, underscoring the elevated
crash risk for teen drivers in rural areas.
(9) The American Academy of Pediatrics has found evidence
that the area of the brain responsible for planning, impulse
control, and executive decisionmaking does not fully mature
until a person is between 20 and 25 years of age, placing teen
drivers at greater risk of being involved in an accident.
(10) The Journal of the American Medical Association
reports that after Michigan and North Carolina adopted
comprehensive graduated driver licensing systems in 1997,
crashes involving 16-year-old drivers decreased by 25 percent
in Michigan and by 27 percent in North Carolina.
(11) According to the Office of the Illinois Secretary of
State, teen driving deaths dropped by over 40 percent in
Illinois in the first full year following the 2007
implementation of a stronger graduated driver licensing law.
(12) The National Transportation Safety Board reports that
over 40 States and the District of Columbia have implemented
some type of 3-stage graduated driver licensing system.
However, most States have not yet enacted all of the lifesaving
safety features of graduated driver licensing laws recommended
by the National Transportation Safety Board and supported by
research to protect the lives of teenage and novice drivers.
(13) A 2010 national survey by the Insurance Institute of
Highway Safety indicates that--
(A) parents of teens favor graduated driver
licensing laws that are as strict or stricter than
those that currently exist in any State;
(B) /3\ of parents of teens believe that young
drivers should begin learning to drive at 16 years of
age or older;
(C) more than /2\ of parents of teens believe
that the minimum licensing age should be 17 years of
age or older;
(D) 90 percent of parents of teens support a
restriction on unsupervised nighttime driving;
(E) more than 75 percent of parents of teens
believe that the restriction on unsupervised nighttime
driving should begin at 10 p.m. or earlier;
(F) 89 percent of parents of teens support
restrictions on teen passengers; and
(G) more than 75 percent of parents of teens
believe that teen drivers should not be permitted to
more than 1 teen passenger in their vehicle.

SEC. 3. STATE GRADUATED DRIVER LICENSING LAWS.

(a) Minimum Requirements.--
(1) In general.--A State is in compliance with this section
if the State has a graduated driver licensing law that requires
novice drivers younger than 21 years of age to comply with the
2-stage licensing process described in paragraph (2) before
receiving an unrestricted driver's license.
(2) Licensing process.--A State is in compliance with the
2-stage licensing process described in this paragraph if the
State's driver's license laws include--
(A) a learner's permit stage that--
(i) commences at 16 years of age or older;
(ii) is at least 6 months in duration;
(iii) prohibits the driver from using a
cellular telephone or any communications device
in a nonemergency situation; and
(iv) remains in effect until--
(I) the commencement of the
intermediate stage; or
(II) the driver reaches 18 years of
age;
(B) an intermediate stage that--
(i) commences immediately after the
expiration of the learner's permit stage;
(ii) is at least 6 months in duration;
(iii) prohibits the driver from using a
cellular telephone or any communications device
in a nonemergency situation;
(iv) prohibits driving at night;
(v) prohibits the driver from operating a
motor vehicle with more than 1 non-familial
passenger younger than 21 years of age unless a
licensed driver who is at least 21 years of age
is in the motor vehicle; and
(vi) remains in effect until the driver
reaches 18 years of age; and
(C) any other requirement that the Secretary of
Transportation may require, including--
(i) in the learner's permit stage--
(I) at least 40 hours of behind-
the-wheel training with a licensed
driver who is at least 21 years of age;
(II) a driver training course; and
(III) a requirement that any such
driver be accompanied and supervised by
a licensed driver who is at least 21
years of age at all times while such
driver is operating a motor vehicle;
and
(ii) in the learner's permit or
intermediate stage, a requirement that, in
addition to any other penalties imposed by
State law, the grant of an unrestricted
driver's license be automatically delayed for
any individual who, during the learner's permit
or intermediate stage, is convicted of a
driving-related offense, such as--
(I) driving while intoxicated;
(II) misrepresentation of his or
her true age;
(III) reckless driving;
(IV) driving without wearing a seat
belt;
(V) speeding; or
(VI) any other driving-related
offense, as determined by the
Secretary.
(b) Rulemaking.--
(1) In general.--The Secretary of Transportation shall
promulgate regulations necessary to implement this section in
accordance with the notice and comment provisions under section
553 of title 5, United States.
(2) Exception.--A State that otherwise meets the minimum
requirements set forth in subsection (a) shall be deemed by the
Secretary to be in compliance with this section regardless of
whether a State law, which was enacted by the State before
January 1, 2011, establishes a class of license that permits
licensees younger than 18 years of age to drive a motor vehicle
in connection with work performed on or for the operation of a
farm owned by family members who are directly related to the
licensees.

SEC. 4. INCENTIVE GRANTS.

(a) In General.--For each of the first 3 fiscal years beginning
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of
Transportation shall award a grant to any State that submits an
application under subsection (b) if that State is in compliance with
section 3(a) on or before the first day of that fiscal year.
(b) Application.--
(1) In general.--Any State desiring a grant under this
section shall submit an application to the Secretary of
Transportation at such time, in such manner, and containing
such information as the Secretary may require, including a
certification by the Governor of the State that the State is in
compliance with section 3(a).
(2) Review.--The Secretary shall review each State
application and determine whether or not the State is in
compliance with section 3(a).
(c) Grants.--Amounts appropriated to carry out this section for
each fiscal year shall be apportioned to each State that is in
compliance with section 3(a) in an amount determined by multiplying--
(1) the amount appropriated to carry out this section for
such fiscal year; by
(2) the ratio that the amount of funds apportioned to each
such State for such fiscal year under section 402 of title 23,
United States Code, bears to the total amount of funds
apportioned to all such States for such fiscal year under such
section.
(d) Use of Funds.--Amounts received by a State from a grant awarded
under this section may be used for--
(1) enforcing a 2-stage licensing process that complies
with section 3(a)(2);
(2) training for law enforcement personnel and other
relevant State agency personnel relating to the enforcement
described in paragraph (1);
(3) publishing relevant educational materials that pertain
directly or indirectly to the State graduated driver licensing
law; and
(4) carrying out other administrative activities that the
Secretary considers relevant to the State's 2-stage licensing
process.
(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated $25,000,000, out of the Highway Trust Fund (other than the
Mass Transit Account), to carry out this section during each fiscal
year described in subsection (a).

SEC. 5. WITHHOLDING OF FUNDS FOR NONCOMPLIANCE.

(a) In General.--
(1) Fourth fiscal year.--On the first day of the fourth
fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this
Act, the Secretary shall withhold 3 percent of the amount
otherwise required to be apportioned to any State for such
fiscal year under each of the paragraphs (1), (3), and (4) of
section 104(b) of title 23, United States Code, if the State is
not in compliance with section 3(a) on the first day of such
fiscal year.
(2) Fifth fiscal year.--On the first day of the fifth
fiscal year beginning after the date of the enactment of this
Act, the Secretary shall withhold 5 percent of the amount
otherwise required to be apportioned to any State for such
fiscal year under each of the paragraphs (1), (3), and (4) of
section 104(b) of title 23, United States Code, if that State
is not in compliance with section 3(a) on the first day of such
fiscal year.
(3) Sixth and subsequent fiscal years.--On the first day of
each fiscal year after the fifth fiscal year beginning after
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall
withhold 10 percent of the amount otherwise required to be
apportioned to any State for such fiscal year under each of the
paragraphs (1), (3), and (4) of section 104(b) of title 23,
United States Code, if that State is not in compliance with
section 3(a) on the first day of such fiscal year.
(b) Period of Availability of Withheld Funds.--
(1) Funds withheld before the end of the sixth fiscal
year.--Any amount withheld from any State under subsection (a)
on or before the last day of the sixth fiscal year beginning
after the date of the enactment of this Act, shall remain
available for distribution to the State under subsection (c)
until the end of the third fiscal year following the fiscal
year for which such amount is appropriated.
(2) Funds withheld after the sixth fiscal year.--Any amount
withheld under subsection (a)(2) from any State after the end
of the sixth fiscal year beginning after the date of the
enactment of this Act, may not be distributed to the State.
(c) Apportionment of Withheld Funds After Compliance.--
(1) In general.--If, before the last day of the period for
which funds withheld under subsection (a) remain available to a
State under subsection (b), the State comes into compliance
with section 3(a), the Secretary of Transportation shall, on
the first day on which the Secretary determines the State has
come into compliance, distribute to the State any amounts
withheld under subsection (a) that remains available for
apportionment to the State.
(2) Period of availability of subsequently apportioned
funds.--Any amount distributed under paragraph (1) shall remain
available for expenditure by the State until the end of the
third fiscal year following the year for which the funds are so
apportioned. Any amount not expended by the State by the end of
such period shall revert back to the Treasury of the United
States.
(3) Effect of noncompliance.--If a State is not in
compliance with section 3(a) at the end of the period for which
any amount withheld under subsection (a) remains available for
distribution to the State under subsection (b), such amount
shall revert back to the Treasury of the United States.
[A]: Safe Teen and Novice Driver Uniform Protection Act of 2011 or STANDUP Act - Authorizes the Secretary of Transportation to award incentive grants to states with graduated driver licensing laws that require novice drivers younger than age 21 to comply with a two-stage licensing process before receiving an unrestricted driver's license.

Requires such laws, at a minimum, to include: (1) a learner's permit stage that commences at age 16 or older, lasts at least six months, prohibits driver use of a cellular phone or other communications device in nonemergency situations, and remains in effect until commencement of the intermediate stage or the driver attains age 18; (2) an intermediate stage in effect until the driver attains age 18 that commences immediately after expiration of the learner's permit stage, lasts at least six months, prohibits driver use of a cellular phone or other communications device in nonemergency situations, prohibits nighttime driving, prohibits more than one non-familial passenger under age 21 unless there is a licensed driver at least age 21 present in the vehicle; and (3) any other requirement that the Secretary may require.

Deems a state that meets such minimum requirements to be in compliance regardless of whether a state law, enacted before January 1, 2011, establishes a class of license that permits licensees younger than age 18 to drive a motor vehicle in connection with work performed on or for the operation of a farm owned by family members of the licensees.

Directs the Secretary to withhold a certain percentage of federal-aid highway funds from states that do not comply with the requirements of this Act.

[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Veterans Health Care Access Received
Closer to Home Act of 2014''.

SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

It is the sense of Congress that--
(1) veterans who are authorized by the Secretary of
Veterans Affairs to receive health care in the community must
not lose the high quality, safety, care coordination, and other
veteran-centric elements that the health care system of the
Department of Veterans Affairs provides;
(2) many veterans receive health care from both the
Department and community providers but the lack of care
coordination among the Department and community providers when
veterans receive purchased care places veterans at risk for
poor health outcomes and results in inefficient use of finite
health care resources;
(3) veteran-centric care coordination is associated with
improved patient outcomes, as Department and non-Department
health care teams coordinate and collaborate to provide the
best care for veterans; and
(4) if the Secretary purchases care for veterans from the
private sector, such care must be secured in a cost-effective
manner, in a way that complements the larger health care system
of the Department by using industry standards for care and
costs.

SEC. 3. REAUTHORIZATION AND MODIFICATION OF PILOT PROGRAM OF ENHANCED
CONTRACT CARE AUTHORITY FOR HEALTH CARE NEEDS OF
VETERANS.

Section 403 of the Veterans' Mental Health and Other Care
Improvements Act of 2008 (Public Law 110-387; 38 U.S.C. 1703 note) is
amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) in paragraph (2), by striking ''120 days after
the date of the enactment of this Act'' and inserting
''90 days after the date of the enactment of the
Veterans Health Care Access Received Closer to Home Act
of 2014''; and
(B) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows:
''(4) Program locations.--The Secretary shall carry out the
pilot program at locations in the following Veterans Integrated
Service Networks (and such other locations as the Secretary
considers appropriate):
''(A) Veterans Integrated Service Network 1.
''(B) Veterans Integrated Service Network 6.
''(C) Veterans Integrated Service Network 15.
''(D) Veterans Integrated Service Network 18.
''(E) Veterans Integrated Service Network 19.'';
(2) by amending subsection (b) to read as follows:
''(b) Covered Veterans.--For purposes of the pilot program under
this section, a covered veteran is any rural or highly rural veteran
who--
''(1) is--
''(A) enrolled in the system of patient enrollment
established under section 1705(a) of title 38, United
States Code;
''(B) eligible for health care under the laws
administered by the Secretary and enrolls in such
system of patient enrollment not later than 30 days
after the veteran begins receiving covered health
services under the pilot program; or
''(C) eligible for health care under section
1710(e)(3) of such title; and
''(2) resides in a location that is--
''(A) more than 60 minutes driving distance from
the nearest Department health care facility providing
primary care services, if the veteran is seeking such
services;
''(B) more than 120 minutes driving distance from
the nearest Department health care facility providing
acute hospital care, if the veteran is seeking such
care; or
''(C) more than 240 minutes driving distance from
the nearest Department health care facility providing
tertiary care, if the veteran is seeking such care.'';
(3) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (j);
(4) by inserting after subsection (g) the following new
subsections:
''(h) Appointments.--In carrying out the pilot program under this
section, the Secretary shall ensure that medical appointments for
veterans occur during the 30-day period beginning on the date that is
15 days after the date on which the appointment is requested.
''(i) Outreach.--The Secretary shall ensure that a veteran eligible
for the pilot program under this section is informed of such
program.''; and
(5) in paragraph (2)(B) of subsection (j), as redesignated
by paragraph (3) of this section, by striking the semicolon at
the end and inserting ''; and''.
[A]: Veterans Health Care Access Received Closer to Home Act of 2014 - Expresses the sense of Congress in support of veteran-centric health care coordination between the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and community providers, as well as cost-effective VA purchase of veterans' care from the private sector. Amends the Veterans' Mental Health and Other Care Improvements Act of 2008 to reauthorize a VA pilot program of contract care authority within specified Veterans Integrated Service Networks for the health care needs of veterans in highly rural areas who are enrolled in the VA annual patient enrollment system. Requires: (1) that medical appointments for veterans, under the pilot program, occur during the 30-day period beginning on the date that is 15 days after the appointment is requested, and (2) the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to ensure that eligible veterans are informed of the program.

[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Federal Ocean Acidification Research
And Monitoring Act of 2009'' or the ''FOARAM Act''.

SEC. 2. PURPOSES.

(a) Purposes.--The purposes of this Act are to provide for--
(1) development and coordination of a comprehensive
interagency plan to--
(A) monitor and conduct research on the processes
and consequences of ocean acidification on marine
organisms and ecosystems; and
(B) establish an interagency research and
monitoring program on ocean acidification;
(2) establishment of an ocean acidification program within
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration;
(3) assessment and consideration of regional and national
ecosystem and socioeconomic impacts of increased ocean
acidification; and
(4) research adaptation strategies and techniques for
effectively conserving marine ecosystems as they cope with
increased ocean acidification.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

In this Act:
(1) Ocean acidification.--The term ''ocean acidification''
means the decrease in pH of the Earth's oceans and changes in
ocean chemistry caused by chemical inputs from the atmosphere,
including carbon dioxide.
(2) Secretary.--The term ''Secretary'' means the Secretary
of Commerce, acting through the Administrator of the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
(3) Subcommittee.--The term ''Subcommittee'' means the
Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology of the
National Science and Technology Council.

SEC. 4. INTERAGENCY SUBCOMMITTEE.

(a) Designation.--
(1) In general.--The Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science
and Technology of the National Science and Technology Council
shall coordinate Federal activities on ocean acidification and
establish an interagency working group.
(2) Membership.--The interagency working group on ocean
acidification shall be comprised of senior representatives from
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the
National Science Foundation, the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration, the United States Geological Survey, the United
States Fish and Wildlife Service, and such other Federal
agencies as appropriate.
(3) Chairman.--The interagency working group shall be
chaired by the representative from the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
(b) Duties.--The Subcommittee shall--
(1) develop the strategic research and monitoring plan to
guide Federal research on ocean acidification required under
section 5 of this Act and oversee the implementation of the
plan;
(2) oversee the development of--
(A) an assessment of the potential impacts of ocean
acidification on marine organisms and marine
ecosystems; and
(B) adaptation and mitigation strategies to
conserve marine organisms and ecosystems exposed to
ocean acidification;
(3) facilitate communication and outreach opportunities
with nongovernmental organizations and members of the
stakeholder community with interests in marine resources;
(4) coordinate the United States Federal research and
monitoring program with research and monitoring programs and
scientists from other nations; and
(5) establish or designate an Ocean Acidification
Information Exchange to make information on ocean acidification
developed through or utilized by the interagency ocean
acidification program accessible through electronic means,
including information which would be useful to policymakers,
researchers, and other stakeholders in mitigating or adapting
to the impacts of ocean acidification.
(c) Reports to Congress.--
(1) Initial report.--Not later than 1 year after the date
of enactment of this Act, the Subcommittee shall transmit a
report to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science and
Technology and the Committee on Natural Resources of the House
of Representatives that--
(A) includes a summary of federally funded ocean
acidification research and monitoring activities,
including the budget for each of these activities; and
(B) describes the progress in developing the plan
required under section 5 of this Act.
(2) Biennial report.--Not later than 2 years after the
delivery of the initial report under paragraph (1) and every 2
years thereafter, the Subcommittee shall transmit a report to
the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the
Senate and the Committee on Science and Technology and the
Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives
that includes--
(A) a summary of federally funded ocean
acidification research and monitoring activities,
including the budget for each of these activities; and
(B) an analysis of the progress made toward
achieving the goals and priorities for the interagency
research plan developed by the Subcommittee under
section 5.
(3) Strategic research plan.--Not later than 2 years after
the date of enactment of this Act, the Subcommittee shall
transmit the strategic research plan developed under section 5
to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of
the Senate and the Committee on Science and Technology and the
Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives.
A revised plan shall be submitted at least once every 5 years
thereafter.

SEC. 5. STRATEGIC RESEARCH PLAN.

(a) In General.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment
of this Act, the Subcommittee shall develop a strategic plan for
Federal research and monitoring on ocean acidification that will
provide for an assessment of the impacts of ocean acidification on
marine organisms and marine ecosystems and the development of
adaptation and mitigation strategies to conserve marine organisms and
marine ecosystems. In developing the plan, the Subcommittee shall
consider and use information, reports, and studies of ocean
acidification that have identified research and monitoring needed to
better understand ocean acidification and its potential impacts, and
recommendations made by the National Academy of Sciences in the review
of the plan required under subsection (d).
(b) Contents of the Plan.--The plan shall--
(1) provide for interdisciplinary research among the ocean
sciences, and coordinated research and activities to improve
the understanding of ocean chemistry that will affect marine
ecosystems;
(2) establish, for the 10-year period beginning in the year
the plan is submitted, the goals and priorities for Federal
research and monitoring which will--
(A) advance understanding of ocean acidification
and its physical, chemical, and biological impacts on
marine organisms and marine ecosystems;
(B) improve the ability to assess the socioeconomic
impacts of ocean acidification; and
(C) provide information for the development of
adaptation and mitigation strategies to conserve marine
organisms and marine ecosystems;
(3) describe specific activities, including--
(A) efforts to determine user needs;
(B) research activities;
(C) monitoring activities;
(D) technology and methods development;
(E) data collection;
(F) database development;
(G) modeling activities;
(H) assessment of ocean acidification impacts; and
(I) participation in international research
efforts;
(4) identify relevant programs and activities of the
Federal agencies that contribute to the interagency program
directly and indirectly and set forth the role of each Federal
agency in implementing the plan;
(5) consider and utilize, as appropriate, reports and
studies conducted by Federal agencies, the National Research
Council, or other entities;
(6) make recommendations for the coordination of the ocean
acidification research and monitoring activities of the United
States with such activities of other nations and international
organizations;
(7) outline budget requirements for Federal ocean
acidification research and monitoring and assessment activities
to be conducted by each agency under the plan;
(8) identify the monitoring systems and sampling programs
currently employed in collecting data relevant to ocean
acidification and prioritize additional monitoring systems that
may be needed to ensure adequate data collection and monitoring
of ocean acidification and its impacts; and
(9) describe specific activities designed to facilitate
outreach and data and information exchange with stakeholder
communities.
(c) Program Elements.--The plan shall include at a minimum the
following program elements:
(1) Monitoring of ocean chemistry and biological impacts
associated with ocean acidification at selected coastal and
open-ocean monitoring stations, including satellite-based
monitoring to characterize--
(A) marine ecosystems;
(B) changes in marine productivity; and
(C) changes in surface ocean chemistry.
(2) Research to understand the species specific
physiological responses of marine organisms to ocean
acidification, impacts on marine food webs of ocean
acidification, and to develop environmental and ecological
indices that track marine ecosystem responses to ocean
acidification.
(3) Modeling to predict changes in the ocean carbon cycle
as a function of carbon dioxide and atmosphere-induced changes
in temperature, ocean circulation, biogeochemistry, ecosystem
and terrestrial input, and modeling to determine impacts on
marine ecosystems and individual marine organisms.
(4) Technology development and standardization of carbonate
chemistry measurements on moorings and autonomous floats.
(5) Assessment of socioeconomic impacts of ocean
acidification and development of adaptation and mitigation
strategies to conserve marine organisms and marine ecosystems.
(d) National Academy of Sciences Evaluation.--The Secretary shall
enter into an agreement with the National Academy of Sciences to review
the plan.
(e) Public Participation.--In developing the plan, the Subcommittee
shall consult with representatives of academic, State, industry and
environmental groups. Not later than 90 days before the plan, or any
revision thereof, is submitted to the Congress, the plan shall be
published in the Federal Register for a public comment period of not
less than 60 days.

SEC. 6. NOAA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish and maintain an
ocean acidification program within the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration to conduct research, monitoring, and other activities
consistent with the strategic research and implementation plan
developed by the Subcommittee under section 5 that--
(1) includes--
(A) interdisciplinary research among the ocean and
atmospheric sciences, and coordinated research and
activities to improve understanding of ocean
acidification;
(B) the establishment of a long-term monitoring
program of ocean acidification utilizing existing
global and national ocean observing assets, and adding
instrumentation and sampling stations as appropriate to
the aims of the research program;
(C) research to identify and develop adaptation
strategies and techniques for effectively conserving
marine ecosystems as they cope with increased ocean
acidification;
(D) as an integral part of the research programs
described in this Act, educational opportunities that
encourage an interdisciplinary and international
approach to exploring the impacts of ocean
acidification;
(E) as an integral part of the research programs
described in this Act, national public outreach
activities to improve the understanding of current
scientific knowledge of ocean acidification and its
impacts on marine resources; and
(F) coordination of ocean acidification monitoring
and impacts research with other appropriate
international ocean science bodies such as the
International Oceanographic Commission, the
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea,
the North Pacific Marine Science Organization, and
others;
(2) provides grants for critical research projects that
explore the effects of ocean acidification on ecosystems and
the socioeconomic impacts of increased ocean acidification that
are relevant to the goals and priorities of the strategic
research plan; and
(3) incorporates a competitive merit-based process for
awarding grants that may be conducted jointly with other
participating agencies or under the National Oceanographic
Partnership Program under section 7901 of title 10, United
States Code.
(b) Additional Authority.--In conducting the Program, the Secretary
may enter into and perform such contracts, leases, grants, or
cooperative agreements as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of
this Act on such terms as the Secretary considers appropriate.

SEC. 7. NSF OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

(a) Research Activities.--The Director of the National Science
Foundation shall continue to carry out research activities on ocean
acidification which shall support competitive, merit-based, peer-
reviewed proposals for research and monitoring of ocean acidification
and its impacts, including--
(1) impacts on marine organisms and marine ecosystems;
(2) impacts on ocean, coastal, and estuarine
biogeochemistry; and
(3) the development of methodologies and technologies to
evaluate ocean acidification and its impacts.
(b) Consistency.--The research activities shall be consistent with
the strategic research plan developed by the Subcommittee under section
5.
(c) Coordination.--The Director shall encourage coordination of the
Foundation's ocean acidification activities with such activities of
other nations and international organizations.

SEC. 8. NASA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

(a) Ocean Acidification Activities.--The Administrator of the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, in coordination with
other relevant agencies, shall ensure that space-based monitoring
assets are used in as productive a manner as possible for monitoring of
ocean acidification and its impacts.
(b) Program Consistency.--The Administrator shall ensure that the
Agency's research and monitoring activities on ocean acidification are
carried out in a manner consistent with the strategic research plan
developed by the Subcommittee under section 5.
(c) Coordination.--The Administrator shall encourage coordination
of the Agency's ocean acidification activities with such activities of
other nations and international organizations.

SEC. 9. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

(a) NOAA.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to carry out the purposes of
this Act--
(1) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
(2) $12,000,000 for fiscal year 2010;
(3) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; and
(4) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2012.
(b) NSF.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the National
Science Foundation to carry out the purposes of this Act--
(1) $6,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
(2) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2010;
(3) $12,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; and
(4) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2012.
[A]:
Federal Ocean Acidification Research And Monitoring Act of 2009 or FOARAM Act - Defines "ocean acidification," for this Act, as the decrease in pH of the Earth's oceans and changes in ocean chemistry caused by chemical inputs from the atmosphere, including carbon dioxide.

Requires that the Joint Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology of the National Science and Technology Council coordinate federal activities on ocean acidification and establish an interagency working group.

Requires the Subcommittee to develop a strategic plan for federal ocean acidification research and monitoring that provides, among other things, for the development of adaptation and mitigation strategies. Directs the Secretary of Commerce, through the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), to enter into an agreement with the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to review the plan.

Directs the Secretary to establish and maintain an ocean acidification program in NOAA to conduct research, monitoring, and other activities, including: (1) providing grants for critical research projects exploring the ecosystem and socioeconomic impacts of ocean acidification; and (2) incorporating a competitive merit-based process for awarding grants that may be conducted jointly with other participating agencies or under the National Oceanographic Partnership Program.

Requires the National Science Foundation (NSF) director to continue to carry out ocean acidification research supporting competitive, merit-based, peer-reviewed proposals for research and monitoring of ocean acidification and its impacts.

Requires the administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to ensure that space-based monitoring assets are used in as productive a manner as possible for the monitoring of ocean acidification and its impacts.