Q: Roman Britain ( or, later, "", "the Britains") was the area of the island of Great Britain that was governed by the Roman Empire, from 43 to 410AD.

Julius Caesar invaded Britain in 55 and 54BC as part of his Gallic Wars. The Britons had been overrun or culturally assimilated by other Celtic tribes during the British Iron Age and had been aiding Caesar's enemies. He received tribute, installed a friendly king over the Trinovantes, and returned to Gaul. Planned invasions under Augustus were called off in 34, 27, and 25BC. In 40AD, Caligula assembled 200,000 men at the Channel, only to have them gather seashells. Three years later, Claudius directed four legions to invade Britain and restore an exiled king over the Atrebates. The Romans defeated the Catuvellauni, and then organized their conquests as the Province of Britain (). By the year 47, the Romans held the lands southeast of the Fosse Way. Control over Wales was delayed by reverses and the effects of Boudica's uprising, but the Romans expanded steadily northward.

Under the 2nd century emperors Hadrian and Antoninus Pius, two walls were built to defend the Roman province from the Caledonians, whose realms in the Scottish Highlands were never directly controlled. Around 197, the Severan Reforms divided Britain into two provinces: Britannia Superior and Britannia Inferior. During the Diocletian Reforms, at the end of the 3rd century, Britannia was divided into four provinces under the direction of a vicarius, who administered the . A fifth province, Valentia, is attested in the later 4th century. For much of the later period of the Roman occupation, Britannia was subject to barbarian invasions and often came under the control of imperial usurpers and imperial pretenders. The final Roman withdrawal from Britain occurred around 410; the native kingdoms are considered to have formed Sub-Roman Britain after that.

Answer the following questions:
1. What did Caesar invade?
2. when?
3. In what war?
4. Did he receive tribute?
5. Who else planned invasions?
6. Anyone else?
7. When did Augustus plan to invade?
8. What were the people there called?
9. When did Caligula try to invade?
10. Cladius?
11. Did the Romans defeat the Catuvellauni?
12. What did they do next?
13. How many walls were built?
14. Under who?
15. When?
16. To keep who out?
17. When was the Severan Reforms?
18. When were the Diocletian Reforms?
19. How many provinces did it make?
20. When did the Roman force withdraw?
A: 1. Britain
2. 55 and 54 BV
3. Gallic Wars
4. yes
5. ICaligula
6. Claudius
7. 34,27 and 25 BC
8. Catuvellauni
9. .40 AD
10. 37 AD
11. yes
12. organized the conquests as Province of Britain
13. Two
14. Hadrian and Antoninus Pius
15. 2nd century
16. the Caledonians
17. 197
18. third century
19. two
20. 410
Q: It has been more than twenty years since pioneering British computer programmer, Sir Tim Berners Lee, created the World Wide Web. But could he have ever imagined how much the web would change our lives? And would he approve of how some British students are taking advantage of his invention?

Universities and exam boards around the UK are becoming increasingly concerned with the rising number of cases of _ , many of which are facilitated by the Internet access.

In the UK most school and university students complete coursework throughout the academic year which contributes toward their final mark. In many cases coursework makes up the main part of the qualification. Since coursework is completed in the students' own time it cannot be monitored by teachers in the same way as an exam.

Derec Stockley, director of examinations in the UK, explains, "Plagiarism affects coursework more than anything else, and in the cases that come to our attention, more and more are linked to the Internet."

At a university level recent reports suggest that plagiarism has evolved from separate cases of individual cheating to systematic and even commercial operation. Students can now pay for bespoke essays to be written for them by experts.

It is estimated that the market in online plagiarism is now worth 200 million pounds a year. Every month more and more websites offering to write student's essays for them appear on the Internet.

Barclay Littlewood, owner of Degree Essays UK employs 3,500 specialist writers and charges between 120 pounds and 4,000 pounds per essay. However, Mr. Littlewood refutes the accusation that he is helping students to cheat.

Answer the following questions:
1. What are university students using the World Wide Web for?
2. Do teachers watch students as they perform coursework?
3. Why not?
4. When do student do coursework?
5. Are most incidents of plagiarism linked to library research?
6. Does plagiarism only affect work that students write?
7. Who else is involved?
8. What's an example of people that do this?
9. What's an example of an organisation that helps students cheat?
10. How much does it cost to hire them?
A: 1. plagiarism
2. no
3. coursework is completed in the students' own time
4. throughout the academic year
5. no
6. no
7. coursework publishers
8. UK university students
9. Degree Essays UK
10. between 120 pounds and 4,000 pounds per essay
Q: The 2000 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXVII Olympiad and commonly known as Sydney 2000 or the Millennium Olympic Games/Games of the New Millennium, were an international multi-sport event which was held between 15 September and 1 October 2000 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It was the second time that the Summer Olympics were held in Australia, and also the Southern Hemisphere, the first being in Melbourne, Victoria, in 1956.

Sydney was selected as the host city for the 2000 games in 1993. Teams from 199 countries participated. The United States won the most medals with 93, while Australia came in 4th with 58. The games cost was estimated to be A$6.6billion. The Games received universal acclaim, with the organisation, volunteers, sportsmanship and Australian public being lauded in the international media. Bill Bryson from "The Times" called the Sydney Games "one of the most successful events on the world stage", saying that they "couldn't be better".

James Mossop of the "Electronic Telegraph" called the Games in an article "such a success that any city considering bidding for future Olympics must be wondering how it can reach the standards set by Sydney", while Jack Todd in the Montreal Gazette suggested that the "IOC should quit while it's ahead. Admit there can never be a better Olympic Games, and be done with it", as "Sydney was both exceptional and the best".

Answer the following questions:
1. what year were the games held?
2. where?
3. did they have an official name?
4. any unofficial names?
5. on what date did they start?
6. and end?
7. was this the first time this country hosted the games?
8. the fourth time?
9. how many times in total have they hosted?
10. what country is this?
11. when did they host before?
12. where?
13. in this competition who was the biggest winner?
14. with how many wins?
15. what did they win?
16. did the host country go to great expense to hold the games?
17. how much was spent?
18. were they considered successful?
19. who said so?
20. where doe he work?
A:
1. 2000
2. Sydney
3. Games of the XXVII Olympiad
4. Sydney 2000
5. 15 September 2000
6. 1 October 2000
7. It wasno
8. no
9. two
10. Australia
11. 1956.
12. Melbourne
13. The United States
14. 93
15. medals
16. yes
17. A$6.6billion
18. yes
19. Bill Bryson
20. "The Times"