TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you're given a question, along with three passages, 1, 2, and 3. Your job is to determine which passage can be used to answer the question by searching for further information using terms from the passage. Indicate your choice as 1, 2, or 3.
PROBLEM: Question: What country was Thomas stationed in while serving with the 550 Squadron? Passage 1:The fruit bodies of A.abrupta grow on the ground, typically solitary, in mixed conifer and deciduous forests, usually during autumn. The frequency with which fruit bodies appear depends on several factors, such as season, location, temperature, and rainfall. The mushroom has been described as common in the Southeastern United States; in Texas, it has been called both infrequent, and common in the Big Thicket National Preserve. Like most other Amanita species, A.abrupta is thought to form mycorrhizal relationships with trees. This is a mutually beneficial relationship where the hyphae of the fungus grow around the roots of trees, enabling the fungus to receive moisture, protection and nutritive byproducts of the tree, and affording the tree greater access to soil nutrients. Amanita abrupta is widely distributed throughout eastern North America, where it has been found as far north as Quebec, Canada, and as far south as Mexico. Orson K. Miller claims to have found it in the Dominican Republic where it appeared to be growing in a mycorrizhal association with pine trees. Kuo also mentions a mycorrhizal relationship with both hardwoods and conifers, while Tulloss lists additional preferred tree hosts such as beech, birch, fir, tsuga, oak, and poplar. However, A.abrupta has been shown experimentally to not form mycorrhizae with Virginia Pine.
Passage 2:In 2006, , a first-year dramaturgy student at the University of Arts' Faculty of Dramatic Arts (FDU), wrote a script based on the "Balada o Pisonji i Zugi" track as part of an assignment in school. Though it mostly relies on "Balada o Pisonji i Zugi", the script also references other Zabranjeno pusenje songs such as "Pamtim to kao da je bilo danas", "Lutka sa naslovne strane", "Hadzija il bos", "Murga drot", "Guzonjin sin", and "Pisonja i Zuga u paklu droge". urevic placed the plot in summer 1990 on the eve of the Yugoslavia vs. West Germany match at the 1990 FIFA World Cup with two lifelong friends from Sarajevo of differing ethno-religious backgrounds and football club loyalties (Pisonja, a Muslim who's a fan of FK Sarajevo, and Zuga, a Serb pulling for FK Zeljeznicar) trying to get to Dubrovnik.
Passage 3:Ward Thomas joined RAF Bomber Command in 1941 and trained as a navigator and pilot in South Africa. He joined 100 Squadron as a Lancaster pilot and was later moved to 550 Squadron stationed in Grimsby. He flew 36 trips over France and Germany over the course of the war, including taking part in the Nuremberg raid of March 1944 during which Bomber Command suffered its heaviest loses. He was awarded the Croix de Guerre for his involvement in bombing raids on the German Panzer training camp at Mailly-le-Camp in advance of the Normandy landings in June 1944. He also received the DFC "for utmost fortitude, courage and devotion to duty in air operations" during the War. By the time he left the RAF Ward Thomas had achieved the rank of flight lieutenant.

SOLUTION: 3

PROBLEM: Question: Which of the performers during the ceremony was the oldest at the time of the ceremony? Passage 1:Born in Bedford on 22 September 1780, John Hensman was educated at Bedford School and at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, where he matriculated as an Exhibitioner in February 1797. He graduated as ninth Wrangler at the University of Cambridge in 1801 and was elected as a Fellow of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. He was ordained in 1803, and was appointed as Curate of Wraxall, Somerset. In 1809 he was appointed as Curate of Clifton, Bristol. He was instrumental in the rebuilding of Clifton parish church, which was consecrated on 12 August 1822. He was then the moving force behind the building of the Church of Holy Trinity, Hotwells, which was consecrated on 10 November 1830. He held the incumbency of the church until 1844, when he was granted the perpetual curacy of Christ Church, Clifton Down, and he oversaw the rebuilding of that church. He was instituted to the living of Clifton, Bristol, in 1847, and oversaw the building of St Paul's Church, Clifton, Bristol, consecrated in 1853, and St Peter's Church, Clifton, consecrated in 1855.
Passage 2:Ngawang Drakpa Gyaltsen was the son of Drowai Gonpo (15081548), a sub-ruler who resided in Gongri Karpo to the south-west of Lhasa. His grandfather was Ngawang Tashi Drakpa (14881564), the last effective king of the Phagmodrupa line. The main palace of the dynasty was Nedong southeast of Lhasa. In 1554 Ngawang Drakpa Gyaltsen temporarily took over the throne of his old grandfather, when the latter was forced to step down for a while. However, new turmoil broke out in Central Tibet in 1555. A council was headed by the religious hierarchs of Drigung Kagyu and Shamarpa, and it was decided to put the old ex-king back on the throne. Ngawang Drakpa Gyaltsen had to return to Gongri Karpo. Some years later he rose against the 75-year-old ruler and tried to acquire the throne permanently. He was aided in his ambitions by the ruler of Ganden. He also kept good relations with Sonam Gyatso, later known as the Third Dalai Lama. A number of Buddhist dignitaries tried to intervene in the rebellion, to no avail. In the next year 1564, his grandfather died. New disturbances broke out between the Nedong and Gongri Karpo branches of the dynasty. Sonam Gyatso was asked to mediate in the conflict. Eventually Ngawang Drakpa Gyaltsen became the new gongma or king in 1576. However, the executive authority of the Phagmodrupa was now almost depleted. Nevertheless, the Phagmodrupa still filled a role as a focal point around which politics in U (East Central Tibet) revolved and different groups balanced each other. Conditions in this part of Tibet tended to be relatively peaceful in the decades of the late sixteenth century, and relations between the main religious sects Karmapa and Gelugpa were amiable for the moment.
Passage 3:1999: Britney Spears was the big winner of the night winning four awards, including Best New Act and Best Song for "...Baby One More Time". She also performed during the ceremony, entertaining the crowd with a medley of her songs "...Baby One More Time" and "(You Drive Me) Crazy". The Free Your Mind Award, which honours an individual or organisation for aiding in humanitarian efforts and fighting prejudice, was given to Bono for his world peace work. Puff Daddy performed "My Best Friend" backed by a full gospel choir, followed by Iggy Pop, who stagedived into the crowd during the track "Lust for Life". Whitney Houston sang a medley of "Get It Back" and "My Love Is Your Love", while Mariah Carey performed "Heartbreaker". Marilyn Manson, who wore nothing but a G-string, closed the show with a performance of "Rock Is Dead".

SOLUTION: 3

PROBLEM: Question: Which of the chemical agents used in the Halabja chemical attack was first invented? Passage 1:From 1931, Hermes studied mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and philosophy at the University of Freiburg. In 1937 he passed the state examination in Munster and was attending there in 1938 when the physicist Adolf Kratzer was present. After that he went on a scholarship to the University of Gottingen and then became an assistant at the University of Bonn. During World War II he was a soldier on the Channel Island of Jersey until 1943 and then on to the Chemical Physics Institute of the Navy in Kiel. At the end of the war he moved to Toplitzsee, where he was tasked with working on new encryption methods. In 1947, he became a lecturer at the University of Bonn where he took his habilitation, his thesis called Analytical manifolds in Riemannian areas. In 1949 he became a Professor at the University of Munster, where he turned back to the subject of mathematical logic.
Passage 2:Between 1980 and 1988, the conflict intensified as the IranIraq War commenced. One of the groups targeted in particular by Iraqi authorities were the Feyli Kurds, a community of Shi'ite Kurds settled in the southern area of the Zagros Mountains near Iraq's border with Iran. Saddam Hussein considered the group as 'Iranians' and began a campaign to drive the settlers out of the area as a part of his 'Arabization' policy in 1980., Saddam Hussein was severely critical of the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) as they aligned forces with Iran in the conflict. In 1983, to avenge this liaison, he ordered the Army to abduct as many as 8,000 men and boys from Erbil province, where the clan of Barzani Kurds was based. Massoud Barzani, the leader of the clan and the KDP, himself lost 37 members of his family to the Iraqi troops. They were reported to having been sent to Nugra Salman prison in the southern deserts of Iraq, where they were tortured. Subsequently, the remains of 512 Barzani men were discovered in a mass grave. On March 16, 1988, Iraqi troops began shelling the Kurdish town of Halabja, in retaliation for an attack on Iraqi positions carried out by Iranian Revolutionary Guards and the aligned Peshmerga fighters. Subsequently, the town was attacked with a mix of chemical substances such as VX (nerve agent), sarin and mustard gas (see Halabja chemical attack). Over 5,000 people are believed to have been killed in the attack, which was considered to be a part of the Al-Anfal Campaign, directed against Kurds by the government under the command of Ali Hassan al-Majid, head of the Northern Bureau of the Ba'ath Party.
Passage 3:Construction of the nuclear submarine Ekaterinburg (K-84) began at the Northern Machinebuilding Enterprise (Sevmash) in Severodvinsk on 17 February 1982, before being commissioned into the Soviet Navy on 30 December 1985. She was the second of the seven-boat Project 667BDRM Delfin class, which was developed at the Rubin Design Bureau in September 1975. A ballistic missile submarine, she was designed primarily to carry up to 16 R-29RM Shtil (NATO designation: SS-N-23 Skiff) SLBM for use against military and industrial facilities in the case of a nuclear war. Each Shtil missile carries ten 100kt multiple independently targeted reentry vehicles, and has a circular error probable of . She is also equipped with RPK-7 Veter (NATO designation: SS-N-16 Stallion) anti-ship missiles for use against large surface vessels, and self-defense torpedoes.

SOLUTION:
2