Q: Why would prokaryotes be chemotrophs instead of phototrophs in a deep-sea hydrothermal vent? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Chapter 22 1 Figure 22.8 The extracellular matrix and outer layer of cells protects the inner bacteria. The close proximity of cells also facilitates lateral gene transfer, a process by which genes such as antibiotic resistance genes are transferred from one bacterium to another. And even if lateral gene transfer does not occur, one bacterium that produces an exo-enzyme that destroys antibiotic may save neighboring bacteria. 3 Figure 22.19 D 4 A 6 A 8 B 10 B 12 A 14 B 16 C 18 B 20 D 22 D 24 B 25 As the organisms are non-culturable, the presence could be detected through molecular techniques, such as PCR. 27 Responses will vary. A possible answer is: Bacteria contain peptidoglycan in the cell wall; archaea do not. The cell membrane in bacteria is a lipid bilayer; in archaea, it can be a lipid bilayer or a monolayer. Bacteria contain fatty acids on the cell membrane, whereas archaea contain phytanyl. 29 Responses will vary. In a deep-sea hydrothermal vent, there is no light, so prokaryotes would be chemotrophs instead of phototrophs. The source of carbon would be carbon dioxide dissolved in the ocean, so they would be autotrophs. There is not a lot of organic material in the ocean, so prokaryotes would probably use inorganic sources, thus they would be chemolitotrophs. The temperatures are very high in the hydrothermal vent, so the prokaryotes would be thermophilic. 31 E. coli colonizes the surface of the leaf, forming a biofilm that is more difficult to remove than free (planktonic) cells. Additionally, bacteria can be taken up in the water that plants are grown in, thereby entering the plant tissues rather than simply residing on the leaf surface. Choices: - too cold - too much light - too much heat - lack of light A:
lack of light

(Question)
Q: What has hot days and cool nights, and are typically covered with sand dunes or sparse but hardy plants? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: The driest climates are deserts . Most occur between about 15 and 30 latitude. This is where dry air sinks to the surface in the global circulation cells. Deserts receive less than 25 centimeters (10 inches) of rain per year. They may be covered with sand dunes or be home to sparse but hardy plants (see Figure below ). With few clouds, deserts have hot days and cool nights. Choices: - rain forest - tundra - arctic - deserts A:
(Answer)
deserts

Ques: Q: What is the first stage of cellular respiration? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: The first stage of cellular respiration is glycolysis . It takes place in the cytosol of the cytoplasm. Choices: - electron transport - Krebs cycle - photosynthesis - glycolysis A:
Ans: glycolysis

(Q).
Q: Solution nodes and antinodes are both areas of wave interference, but they differ in the presence of what condition? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Check Your Understanding Define nodes and antinodes. Solution Nodes are areas of wave interference where there is no motion. Antinodes are areas of wave interference where the motion is at its maximum point. Choices: - radiation - gravity - speed - motion A:
(A).
motion

Ques:Q: What kind of systems use fluid to transmit pressure and increase force? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Hydraulic car lifts also use fluid to transmit pressure and increase force. The lifts are used to raise cars, which are very heavy, so mechanics can work on them from underneath. Controls in airplanes use fluids to transmit pressure and increase force so a flick of a switch can raise or lower heavy landing gear. To see animations of hydraulic systems such as these, go to URLs:. Choices: - plumbing systems - thermal systems - electromagnetic systems - hydraulic systems A:

Ans:hydraulic systems

Q: Ocean water has what property because water dissolves minerals out of rocks? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Ocean water is salty because water dissolves minerals out of rocks. The ions enter the water. This happens whenever water flows over or through rocks. Much of this water and its minerals end up in the oceans. Minerals dissolved in water form salts. When the water evaporates, it leaves the salts behind. As a result, ocean water is much saltier than other water on Earth. Choices: - fizzy - sweet - muddy - salty A:
salty