Information: - Gran Turismo Concept ( Guran Tsrisumo Konseputo ) is a racing video game of the Gran Turismo series for PlayStation 2 which is developed by Polyphony Digital . It is essentially a short version of Gran Turismo 3 : A-Spec , but with concept cars that ended up in Gran Turismo 4 . It was released in 2002 in Japan , Southeast Asia , Korea , and Europe . For undisclosed reasons , the game was not released in the North American market , although a stripped - down version of it was released in form of Gran Turismo : Nissan 350Z Edition . This short version title followed the release of the full - length version Gran Turismo 3 : A-Spec in 2001 and was eventually followed by Gran Turismo 4 . - Polyphony Digital is an internal video game development studio of Sony Interactive Entertainment, part of Sony Interactive Entertainment Worldwide Studios. Originally a development group within Sony Computer Entertainment known as Polys Entertainment, after the success of "Gran Turismo" in Japan, they were granted greater autonomy and their name changed to Polyphony Digital. - Originally slated for a 2003 release, "GT4" was delayed for over a year and a half by Polyphony Digital, and had its online mode removed (later added in "Gran Turismo" online test version). Gran Turismo has held the title of being the number one seller and highest production Polyphony Digital has ever seen. The game features over 700 cars from 80 manufacturers, from as early as the 1886 Daimler Motor Carriage, and as far into the future as concepts for 2022. The game also features 51 tracks, many of which are new or modified versions of old "Gran Turismo" favorites, with some notable real-world additions. Given the information above, choose from the list below the object entity that exhibits the relation 'publisher' with the subject 'gran turismo concept'. Choices: - japan - sony - sony computer entertainment
sony computer entertainment

Q: Information: - Japan ("Nippon" or "Nihon" ; formally "" or "Nihon-koku", means "State of Japan") is a sovereign island nation in Eastern Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, It is lying off the eastern coast of the Asia Mainland (east of China, Korea, Russia) and stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and near Taiwan in the southwest. - Furigana is most often written in hiragana, though katakana is used in certain special cases explained later in the article. In vertical text, "tategaki", the furigana is placed to the right of the line of text, while in horizontal text, "yokogaki", it is placed above the line of text, as illustrated below. - Taiwanese kana is a katakana-based writing system that was used to write Taiwanese Hokkien (commonly called "Taiwanese") when the island of Taiwan was under Japanese rule. It functioned as a phonetic guide to hanzi, much like furigana in Japanese or Zhuyin fuhao in Chinese. There were similar systems for other languages in Taiwan as well, including Hakka and Formosan languages. - Katakana with a few additions is also used to write Ainu. Taiwanese kana was used in Taiwanese Hokkien as a gloss ("furigana") for Chinese characters during the Japanese administration of Taiwan. - Hiragana and katakana are both kana systems. With one or two minor exceptions, each sound in the Japanese language (strictly, each mora) is represented by one character (or one digraph) in each system. This may be either a vowel such as ""a"" (hiragana ); a consonant followed by a vowel such as ""ka"" (); or ""n"" (), a nasal sonorant which, depending on the context, sounds either like English "m", "n", or "ng", or like the nasal vowels of French. Because the characters of the kana do not represent single consonants (except in the case of "n"), the kana are referred to as syllabaries and not alphabets. - This page lists Japanese typographic symbols that are not included in kana or kanji . - Kanji, or "kan'ji", are the adopted logographic Chinese characters (') that are used in the modern Japanese writing system along with hiragana and katakana. The Japanese term "kanji" for the Chinese characters literally means "Han characters" and is written using the same characters as the Chinese word '. - Taiwanese Hokkien (also Taiwanese Minnan), commonly known as Taiwanese (/ ), is a variant of Hokkien spoken natively by about 70% of the population of Taiwan. It is spoken by the Hoklo people, who are descended from immigrants from southern Fujian during the Qing dynasty. The Peh-e-j (POJ) romanization is a popular orthography for this variant of Hokkien. - Chinese characters are logograms used in the writing of Chinese and some other Asian languages. In Standard Chinese, and sometimes also in English, they are called hanzi. They have been adapted to write a number of other languages including: Japanese, where they are known as "kanji", Korean, where they are known as "hanja", and Vietnamese in a system known as "ch Nom". Collectively, they are known as CJK characters. In English, they are sometimes called Han characters. Chinese characters constitute the oldest continuously used system of writing in the world. By virtue of their widespread current use in East Asia, and historic use throughout the Sinosphere, Chinese characters are among the most widely adopted writing systems in the world by number of users. - The modern Japanese writing system is a combination of two character types: logographic kanji, which are adopted Chinese characters, and syllabic kana. Kana itself consists of a pair of syllabaries: hiragana, used primarily for native or naturalised Japanese words and grammatical elements, and katakana, used primarily for foreign words and names, loanwords, onomatopoeia, scientific names, and sometimes for emphasis. Almost all Japanese sentences contain a mixture of kanji and kana. Because of this mixture of scripts, in addition to a large inventory of kanji characters, the Japanese writing system is often considered to be the most complicated in use anywhere in the world. - In contrast to the hiragana syllabary, which is used for those Japanese language words and grammatical inflections which kanji does not cover, the katakana syllabary usage is quite similar to italics in English; specifically, it is used for transcription of foreign language words into Japanese and the writing of loan words (collectively "gairaigo"); for emphasis; to represent onomatopoeia; for technical and scientific terms; and for names of plants, animals, minerals, and often Japanese companies. Given the information above, choose from the list below the object entity that exhibits the relation 'is a list of' with the subject 'japanese typographic symbols'. Choices: - character - digraph - island - language - line - people - population - state - system - term - transcription - word
A: character