INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Place the end of the balloon over the nozzle on the tank of gas, and fill your balloon to size you want. If you're measuring air, you can just blow up the balloon like you normally would. Tie the end when you're done. Find a container that's larger than your balloon, then get another container that's even larger than that. Place the smaller container inside the larger one. For instance, you can place a 5-gallon (about 19 liters) bucket inside a large plastic tub (20 gallons / 75 L or more). Pour enough water into the smaller container so that is full exactly to the brim. Be careful not to spill any water into the larger container. Carefully set the balloon on top of the container of water. Push it down into the water with something flat (like the lid of a plastic tub). Keep pushing until the balloon is all the way into the water and the flat object hits the top of the bucket. Some of the water will spill into the larger container. Lift the smaller container of water out. Pour the water left behind in the larger container into a beaker, large measuring cup, or something similar. The volume of water will equal the volume of gas in the balloon. For example, you might find that the balloon displaced 24 ounces (about 709 mL). Get a flask that has a stopper with an outlet for tubing. Fill the flask with the gas you want to measure, with the stopper in place, and pinch the tubing so no gas escapes. Fill a beaker with water, place a shallow dish on top of it, and turn both upside down. Record the level of the water in the beaker using the measurement lines on its side. This technique only works for gases that are insoluble in water. Slide the tubing underneath the edge of the beaker, in the shallow pan that has now partially filled with water. Gas will escape through the tubing and bubble up, pushing some of the water out of the beaker. Once all of the gas has bubbled up, record the water level using the measurement lines on the side of the beaker. The difference between the water levels before and after the gas entered the beaker equal the volume of the gas. For instance, if the water level was at 55 milliliters (1.9floz) before the gas entered, and 65 milliliters (2.2floz) afterwards (remember that the beaker is upside down, so the levels will go up numerically), then there is 10 milliliters (0.34floz) of gas in the beaker.

SUMMARY: Fill a balloon with the gas. Place a smaller container inside a larger one. Fill the smaller container with water. Push the balloon into the smaller container. Measure the water that spilled into the larger container. Set up a flask and beaker for a more accurate measurement. Measure the volume of the gas using the beaker.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Carefully wash the affected area with a mild cleanser and rinse with water. Pat the skin dry with a clean towel. Washing the chafed skin is especially important if you've been exercising or sweating a lot. You'll need to wash away the perspiration before treating the skin. Avoid rubbing the skin hard with a towel. You don't want to further irritate dry, peeling skin. Sprinkle powder over your skin. This should help to reduce your skin's friction. You can use talc-free baby powder, baking soda, cornstarch, or another body powder. The use of talcum powder has been brought into question since some studies show it may be a carcinogen, specifically for women if used in the genital areas. Use any kind of petroleum jelly, body balm, diaper rash cream, or product designed to prevent chafing over the skin to reduce your skin's friction. Several products are specifically designed to prevent chafing for athletes. Once you've applied an ointment, you may want to cover the area with a bandage or sterile gauze pad. If the area is very painful or bleeding, ask your doctor for a medicated ointment. You'll be able to spread it on the area much like petroleum jelly. Cool the chafed skin by applying an ice pack right after you finish exercising or begin to notice irritation. Make sure not to apply ice or an ice pack directly to your skin, since this can further damage your skin. Instead, wrap the ice pack in a towel or cloth and keep it near your skin for 20 minutes. This cooling sensation will give you immediate relief. Spread natural aloe vera gel directly from the plant onto the chafed area. You can also purchase aloe vera, but make sure it has as few additives as possible. This will calm your skin. You may also want to drop a couple of drops of tea tree oil onto a cotton ball. Then, spread it over your skin. This can fight infection and help your skin heal faster. Create a soothing mixture of 2 cups baking soda and 10 drops of lavender essential oil. Then add this to a running bath of lukewarm water. Avoid soaking in very hot water, which can dry out or further irritate your skin. Soak for at least 20 minutes and then get out and pat yourself dry with a clean towel. You can also make a soothing tea to add to the tub. Boil 1/3 cup of green tea, 1/3 cup of dried calendula (marigold), and 1/3 cup of dried chamomile in 2 US quarts (2,000ml) of water. Let the tea steep until the liquid cools, then strain it and pour into your tub. Chafed skin can become infected and need medical attention. If you notice an infection or scaly red rash, go see your medical practitioner. You should also see your doctor if the chafed area is incredibly painful or debilitating and sensitive.

SUMMARY:
Clean the area. Apply powder. Apply an ointment. Apply ice packs. Apply soothing gels or oils. Take a soothing bath. Know when to see a doctor.