Question: Process: - Coal is burned - Sulfur in the coal combines with oxygen to form sulfur oxides - The sulfur oxides are released into the atmosphere - The sulfides combine with oxygen in the atmosphere to form sulfur trioxide - The sulfur trioxide reacts with water in the atmosphere to form sulfuric acid, a very strong acid - The sulfuric acid makes the rain acidic - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose fewer sulfur oxides are formed happens, how will it affect MORE acid rain. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Answer: yes

[Q]: Process: - Grapes are grown - A selection of grapes are gathered - The grapes are washed - The stems are removed from the grapes - The grapes are crushed and added to a fermation container - Yeast is added to the container - The yeast eats the sugar in the yeast, releasing alcohol - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose there is a lot of yeast happens, how will it affect MORE wine being produced. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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[A]: yes

input: Please answer the following: Process: - Batteries are put in a flashlight - The flashlight is turned on - Two contact strips touch one another - A circuit is completed between the batteries and the lamp - The lamp in the flashlight begins to glow - The reflector in the flashlight directs the lamp's beam - A straight beam of light is generated - The flashlight is turned off - The circuit is broken - The beam is no longer visible. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose less blood available happens, how will it affect less contact between strips. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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output: no

Please answer this: Process: - Coal is put in a coal-fired steam station - Water is put in pipes in the coal-fired steam station - The coal is crushed - The coal is moved into a boiler along with hot air - The water is moving through pipes in the boiler - The steam from the water is blown against a turning mechanism - The force of the steam makes the mechanism turn - The mechanism generates electricity. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose more carbonic acid formed happens, how will it affect more coal is moved into boiler. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer: no

Problem: Process: - Solar radiation reaches Earth's atmosphere - Some is reflected back into space - The rest of the energy is absorbed by land and oceans, heating the Earth - Heat radiates from Earth to space - Some of this heat is trapped by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere - Human activities such as burning fuel are increasing the amount of greenhouses gases - This causes more heat radiation to stay trapped in our atmosphere - The Earth's temperature rises - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose more aluminum products made happens, how will it affect causing less heat to be radiated. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A: no

input: Please answer the following: Process: - A stream or river must occur - Through erosion, the stream cuts into the soil and bedrock - Through continuous erosion, a deep gash is cut through - After many years the river may dry up - A dry ravine is left - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose Less rain that year happens, how will it affect Cutting a deeper gash. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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output:
yes