Given the question: Information: - A military operation is the coordinated military actions of a state, or a non-state actor, in response to a developing situation. These actions are designed as a military plan to resolve the situation in the state's favor. Operations may be of a combat or non-combat nature and are referred to by a code name for the purpose of national security. Military operations are often known for their more generally accepted common usage names than their actual operational objectives. - The Gulf War (2 August 1990 28 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Shield (2 August 1990 17 January 1991) for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia and Operation Desert Storm (17 January 1991 28 February 1991) in its combat phase, was a war waged by coalition forces from 34 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait. - The Kurds () also the Kurdish people are an ethnic group in the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a contiguous area spanning adjacent parts of eastern and southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), western Iran (Eastern or Iranian Kurdistan), northern Iraq (Southern or Iraqi Kurdistan), and northern Syria (Western Kurdistan or Rojava). The Kurds are culturally and linguistically closely related to the Iranian peoples and, as a result, are often themselves classified as an Iranian people. - Operation Northern Watch ( ONW ) , the successor to Operation Provide Comfort , was a Combined Task Force ( CTF ) charged with enforcing its own no - fly zone above the 36th parallel in Iraq . Its mission began on 1 January 1997 . The coalition partners of the United States , United Kingdom , and Turkey provided approximately 45 aircraft and more than 1,400 personnel to support Operation Northern Watch . The joint U.S. forces of some 1,100 U.S. personnel , included airmen , sailors , soldiers , as well as aircraft from every arm of the United States Armed Forces . The original mandate from the Turkish government allowed the operation to continue for six months . Turkey subsequently approved two 6 - month extensions , but indicated that it would not become a permanent mission . For the first year of the mission , northern Iraq was quiet , with no combat between Coalition aircraft and Iraqi forces . Operation Northern Watch forces did not take part in Operation Desert Fox in December 1998 . After Desert Fox , Iraq announced they would no longer recognize the no - fly zones and urged their troops to attack Coalition aircraft . On December 28 , 1998 Iraq fired SA - 3 surface to air missiles against coalition aircraft patrolling the northern no - fly zone . In response , U.S. Air Force ( USAF ) F - 15Es , F - 16Js , and U.S. Marine Corps ( USMC ) EA - 6Bs launched anti-radiation missiles and dropped precision guided munitions ( PGMs ) on the SA - 3 ground - based missile site that fired on the ONW aircraft , and destroyed it . From December 1998 to March 1999 , U.S. aircraft over northern Iraq came under almost daily fire from Iraqi surface - to - air missile sites and anti-aircraft guns . U.S. aircraft responded by bombing Iraqi air - defense sites , using laser - guided bombs as well as AGM - 88 HARM missiles and AGM - 130 long range air - to - surface missiles . The first combat use of the AGM - 130 was conducted during ONW . Coalition aircraft flew patrols on an average of 18 days per month , and were usually... - Operation Provide Comfort and Provide Comfort II were military operations initiated by the United States and other Coalition nations of the Gulf War, starting in April 1991, to defend Kurds fleeing their homes in northern Iraq in the aftermath of the Gulf War and deliver humanitarian aid to them. - Iraq (, or ; '; '), officially known as the Republic of Iraq ('; ') is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest, and Syria to the west. The capital, and largest city, is Baghdad. The main ethnic groups are Arabs and Kurds; others include Assyrians, Turkmen, Shabakis, Yazidis, Armenians, Mandeans, Circassians, and Kawliya. Around 95% of the country's 36 million citizens are Muslims, with Christianity, Yarsan, Yezidism, and Mandeanism also present. The official languages of Iraq are Arabic and Kurdish. What is the relationship between 'operation northern watch' and 'military operation'?
The answer is:
instance of