Answer the following question given this paragraph: 17.4 Doppler Effect and Sonic Booms The characteristic sound of a motorcycle buzzing by is an example of the Doppler effect. The high-pitch scream shifts dramatically to a lower-pitch roar as the motorcycle passes by a stationary observer. The closer the motorcycle brushes by, the more abrupt the shift. The faster the motorcycle moves, the greater the shift. We also hear this characteristic shift in frequency for passing race cars, airplanes, and trains. It is so familiar that it is used to imply motion and children often mimic it in play. The Doppler effect is an alteration in the observed frequency of a sound due to motion of either the source or the observer. Although less familiar, this effect is easily noticed for a stationary source and moving observer. For example, if you ride a train past a stationary warning bell, you will hear the bell's frequency shift from high to low as you pass by. The actual change in frequency due to relative motion of source and observer is called a Doppler shift. The Doppler effect and Doppler shift are named for the Austrian physicist and mathematician Christian Johann Doppler (18031853), who did experiments with both moving sources and moving observers. Doppler, for example, had musicians play on a moving open train car and also play standing next to the train tracks as a train passed by. Their music was observed both on and off the train, and changes in frequency were measured. What causes the Doppler shift? Figure 17.14, Figure 17.15, and Figure 17.16 compare sound waves emitted by stationary and moving sources in a stationary air mass. Each disturbance spreads out spherically from the point where the sound was emitted. If the source is stationary, then all of the spheres representing the air compressions in the sound wave centered on the same. Q: The characteristic sound of a motorcycle buzzing by is an example of which effect? A:
OPTIONS:
- warp effect
- coreolis effect
- polar effect
- doppler effect
doppler effect

Answer the following question given this paragraph: It was known that DNA is composed of nucleotides , each of which contains a nitrogen-containing base, a five-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), and a phosphate group. In these nucleotides, there is one of the four possible bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), or thymine (T) ( Figure below ). Adenine and guanine are purine bases, and cytosine and thymine are pyrimidine bases. Q: What does the base of a nucleotide within dna consist of? A:
OPTIONS:
- ribosomes
- protein
- hydrogen
- nitrogen

Answer: nitrogen

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What are sensory cells? A:
OPTIONS:
- specialized epithelial or squirm cells
- specialized neurons or squirm cells
- specialized neurons or navigable cells
- specialized neurons or epithelial cells
Answer: specialized neurons or epithelial cells

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: An ether is an organic compound in which two hydrocarbon groups are bonded to the same atom of oxygen. An ether is represented by the general formula ROR'. The R' in the formula means that the hydrocarbon group can be the same as R or it can be different. The steps for naming ethers are listed below. Q: An ether is an organic compound in which two hydrocarbon groups are bonded to the same atom of what? A:
OPTIONS:
- hydrogen
- sulfur
- nitrogen
- oxygen
output: oxygen

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: An example of a chemical reaction is the burning of methane. In this chemical reaction, the reactants are methane (CH 4 ) and oxygen (O 2 ), and the products are carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water (H 2 O). A chemical reaction involves the breaking and forming of chemical bonds. When methane burns, bonds break in the methane and oxygen molecules, and new bonds form in the molecules of carbon dioxide and water. Q: Burning of methane is a type of what, which involves the breaking and forming of bonds? A:

OPTIONS:
- liquid reaction
- physical reaction
- toxic reaction
- chemical reaction

A: chemical reaction

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What kind of relationship between glucagon and insulin is vital to managing fuel storage and consumption by body cells? A:
OPTIONS:
- opportunistic
- sympathetic
- commensalism
- antagonistic
antagonistic