input: OPTIONS:
- hormones
- carbohydrates
- neurons
- enzymes Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Biochemical reactions are optimal at physiological temperatures. For example, most biochemical reactions work best at the normal body temperature of 98.6F (37C). Many enzymes lose function at lower and higher temperatures. At higher temperatures, an enzyme's shape deteriorates, and only when the temperature comes back to normal does the enzyme regain its shape and normal activity. Q: Biochemical reactions are optimal at physiological temperatures because many what lose function at lower and higher temperatures? A:
A:
output: enzymes

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The Tyndall effect is the scattering of visible light by colloidal particles. Q: The tyndall effect refers to the scattering of what by colloidal particles? A:

OPTIONS:
- primary colors
- dark matter
- dust mites
- visible light

Answer: visible light

Problem: OPTIONS:
- kinetic
- electromagnetic
- weight
- gravity
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Gravity is responsible for erosion by flowing water and glaciers. That's because gravity pulls water and ice downhill. These are ways gravity causes erosion indirectly. But gravity also causes erosion directly. Gravity can pull soil, mud, and rocks down cliffs and hillsides. This type of erosion and deposition is called mass wasting . It may happen suddenly. Or it may occur very slowly, over many years. Q: What force is responsible for erosion by flowing water and glaciers? A:
Answer: gravity

Problem:OPTIONS:
- heart rate
- cells
- calcium
- metabolism

Answer the following question given this paragraph: 20.8 End-of-Chapter Material Chapter Summary To ensure that you understand the material in this chapter, you should review the meanings of the bold terms in the following summary and ask yourself how they relate to the topics in the chapter. Metabolism is the general term for all chemical reactions in living organisms. The two types of metabolism are catabolismthose reactions in which complex molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins) are broken down to simpler ones with the concomitant release of energyand anabolismthose reactions that consume energy to build complex molecules. Metabolism is studied by looking at individual metabolic pathways, which are a series of biochemical reactions in which a given reactant is converted to a desired end product. The oxidation of fuel molecules (primarily carbohydrates and lipids), a process called respiration, is the source of energy used by cells. Catabolic reactions release energy from food molecules and use some of that energy for the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP); anabolic reactions use the energy in ATP to create new compounds. Catabolism can be divided into three stages. In stage I, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are broken down into their individual monomer unitssimple sugars, fatty acids, and amino acids, respectively. In stage II, these monomer units are broken down by specific metabolic pathways to form a common end product acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA). In stage III, acetyl-CoA is completely oxidized to form carbon dioxide and water, and ATP is produced. Saylor URL: http://www. saylor. org/books. Q: Catabolism and anabolism are the two types of what? A:
****
A: metabolism

Answer the following question given this paragraph: A wobble base pair is a non-Watson Crick base pairing between two nucleotides in RNA molecules. The four main wobble base pairs are guanine-uracil, inocine-uracil, inosine-adenine, and inosine-cytosine. Wobble base pairs are fundamental in RNA secondary structure and are critical for the proper translation of the genetic code. Inosine is a nucleoside that is formed from the hydrolytic deamination of adenine. Structurally, it resembles guanine, but lacks the 2-amino group. This lack of the 2-amino group allows inosine to form base pairs with uracil, cytosine and adenine, making it a particularly wobbly base. Q: Of the four main wobble base pairs, guanine is paired with what? A:
OPTIONS:
- thymine
- cytosine
- adenine
- uracil
uracil

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Platelets are cell fragments involved in blood clotting. They stick to tears in blood vessels and to each other, forming a plug at the site of injury. They also release chemicals that are needed for clotting to occur. Q: What is the term for the cell fragments involved in blood clotting, which stick to tears in blood vessels and to each other? A:
OPTIONS:
- molecules
- droplets
- cells
- platelets

Answer:
platelets