Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Discussion for (a) This value is the net work done on the package. The person actually does more work than this, because friction opposes the motion. Friction does negative work and removes some of the energy the person expends and converts it to thermal energy. The net work equals the sum of the work done by each individual force. Strategy and Concept for (b) The forces acting on the package are gravity, the normal force, the force of friction, and the applied force. The normal force and force of gravity are each perpendicular to the displacement, and therefore do no work. Solution for (b) The applied force does work. Q: Friction does negative work and removes some of the energy the person expends and converts it to which kind of energy? A:

OPTIONS:
- erosion
- hydro
- evaporation
- thermal

A: thermal

input: OPTIONS:
- troposphere
- thermosphere
- atmosphere
- lithosphere Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The lithosphere is made of the rigid, brittle, solid crust and uppermost mantle. Q: Which part of the earth is made of the rigid, brittle, solid crust and uppermost mantle? A:
A:
output: lithosphere

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Vesicles are much smaller than vacuoles and have a variety of functions. Some vesicles pinch off from the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. These vesicles store and transport proteins and lipids. Other vesicles are used as chambers for biochemical reactions. Q: Are vesicles larger or smaller than vacuoles? A:

OPTIONS:
- larger
- narrower
- wider
- smaller

Answer: smaller

Problem: OPTIONS:
- microbes and cause cancer
- bacteria and cause cancer
- cultigens and cause cancer
- oncogenes and cause cancer
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Watch this animation (http://openstaxcollege. org/l/p53_cancer) to learn more about the use of p53 in fighting cancer. Proto-oncogenes are positive cell-cycle regulators. When mutated, proto-oncogenes can become oncogenes and cause cancer. Overexpression of the oncogene can lead to uncontrolled cell growth. This is because oncogenes can alter transcriptional activity, stability, or protein translation of another gene that directly or indirectly controls cell growth. An example of an oncogene involved in cancer is a protein called myc. Myc is a transcription factor that is aberrantly activated in Burkett's Lymphoma, a cancer of the lymph system. Overexpression of myc transforms normal B cells into cancerous cells that continue to grow uncontrollably. High B-cell numbers can result in tumors that can interfere with normal bodily function. Patients with Burkett's lymphoma can develop tumors on their jaw or in their mouth that interfere with the ability to eat. Q: Proto-oncogenes are positive cell-cycle regulators but when mutated, they can become what? A:
Answer: oncogenes and cause cancer

Problem:OPTIONS:
- pores band
- moderator valve
- pores valve
- moderator band

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The walls of the ventricle are lined with trabeculae carneae, ridges of cardiac muscle covered by endocardium. In addition to these muscular ridges, a band of cardiac muscle, also covered by endocardium, known as the moderator band (see Figure 19.9) reinforces the thin walls of the right ventricle and plays a crucial role in cardiac conduction. It arises from the inferior portion of the interventricular septum and crosses the interior space of the right ventricle to connect with the inferior papillary muscle. When the right ventricle contracts, it ejects blood into the pulmonary trunk, which branches into the left and right pulmonary arteries that carry it to each lung. The superior surface of the right ventricle begins to taper as it approaches the pulmonary trunk. At the base of the pulmonary trunk is the pulmonary semilunar valve that prevents backflow from the pulmonary trunk. Q: What reinforces the thin walls of the right ventricle and plays a crucial role in cardiac conduction? A:
****
A: moderator band

Problem:OPTIONS:
- earthquake
- hurricane
- glaciers
- magma

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Magma at the mid-ocean ridge creates new seafloor. Q: What creates a new seafloor at the mid-ocean ridge? A:
****
A:
magma