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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Smarter Approach to Nuclear
Expenditures Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds the following:
(1) The Berlin Wall fell in 1989, the Soviet Union no
longer exists, and the Cold War is over. The nature of threats
to the national security and military interests of the United
States has changed. However, the United States continues to
maintain an excessively large and costly arsenal of nuclear
weapons and delivery systems that are a holdover from the Cold
War.
(2) The current nuclear arsenal of the United States
includes approximately 4,000 total nuclear warheads in its
military stockpile, of which approximately 1,750 are deployed
with five delivery components: land-based intercontinental
ballistic missiles, submarine-launched ballistic missiles,
long-range strategic bomber aircraft armed with nuclear gravity
bombs, long-range strategic bomber aircraft armed with nuclear-
armed air-launched cruise missiles, and short-range fighter
aircraft that can deliver nuclear gravity bombs. The strategic
bomber fleet of the United States comprises 89 B-52 and 20 B-2
aircraft, of which 60 are believed to contribute to the nuclear
mission. The United States maintains approximately 400
intercontinental ballistic missiles. The United States also
maintains 14 Ohio-class submarines, up to 12 of which are
deployed at sea. Each of those submarines is armed with
approximately 80 independently targetable nuclear warheads.
(3) The maintenance of this force comes at significant
cost. Between fiscal years 2017 and 2026, the United States
will spend approximately $400,000,000 to maintain and
recapitalize its nuclear force, according to a February 2017
report from the Congressional Budget Office. Over 30 years,
spending on nuclear forces could exceed $1,000,000,000,000.
(4) Numerous United States Government officials have warned
of the affordability problem posed by the current nuclear
weapons sustainment plans, cautioning that those plans cannot
be executed in the absence of significant long-term increases
to defense spending or cuts to other military priorities. For
example, Brian McKeon, former Principal Deputy Under Secretary
of Defense stated in October 2015, ''We're looking at that big
bow wave [in nuclear weapons spending] and wondering how the
heck we're going to pay for it, and probably thanking our lucky
stars we won't be here to answer the question.''.
(5) An April 2017 Government Accountability Office report
found that there is a significant mismatch between the 25-year
plan of the Department of Energy to refurbish the Nation's
nuclear warheads and supporting infrastructure, and the
Department's budget estimates. The report also found that key
warhead life extension programs are likely underfunded.
(6) According to the Congressional Budget Office's 2017
long-term budget outlook report, discretionary spending,
including national defense spending, is likely to continue to
be constrained even after the expiration of sequestration under
part C of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act
of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 900 et seq.), as amended by the Budget
Control Act of 2011 (Public Law 112-25; 125 Stat. 240), as a
result of an aging population, rising health care costs, and
the rising interest on the national debt.
(7) A substantial decrease in spending on the nuclear
arsenal of the United States is prudent for both the budget and
national security. The current plans to sustain the United
States nuclear arsenal assume that the United States will
maintain a nuclear arsenal like the one it has now for decades
to come. However, the Department of Defense's June 2013 nuclear
policy guidance entitled, ''Report on Nuclear Employment
Strategy of the United States'' found that force levels under
the Treaty between the United States of America and the Russian
Federation on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation
of Strategic Offensive Arms, signed on April 8, 2010, and
entered into force on February 5, 2011 (commonly known as the
''New START Treaty''), ''are more than adequate for what the
United States needs to fulfill its national security
objectives'' and can be reduced by up to one-third below levels
under the New START Treaty to 1,000 to 1,100 warheads.
(8) A December 2016 Congressional Budget Office report
showed that at least 10 percent of the projected costs of
nuclear forces over the next decade can be saved by trimming
back the current plans, while still maintaining a triad of
delivery systems. Even larger savings would accrue over the
subsequent decade.
(9) Even without additional reductions below the New START
Treaty limit of 1,550 deployed strategic warheads, the United
States can save tens of billions of dollars by deploying those
warheads more efficiently on delivery systems and by deferring
production of new delivery systems until they are needed.
(10) As it undertakes its Nuclear Posture Review in 2017,
President Donald Trump must seriously examine options to
reshape and rescale the plans and adequately fund a smaller
number of projects that would still leave the United States
with a capable and credible deterrent.

SEC. 3. REDUCTIONS IN NUCLEAR FORCES.

(a) Reduction of Nuclear-Armed Submarines.--Notwithstanding any
other provision of law, none of the funds authorized to be appropriated
or otherwise made available for fiscal year 2017 or any fiscal year
thereafter for the Department of Defense may be obligated or expended
for procuring more than eight Columbia-class submarines.
(b) Reduction of Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles.--
Notwithstanding section 1667 of the National Defense Authorization Act
for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114-328) or any other provision of
law, none of the funds authorized to be appropriated or otherwise made
available for fiscal year 2017 or any fiscal year thereafter for the
Department of Defense may be obligated or expended to maintain more
than 150 deployed intercontinental ballistic missiles.
(c) Reduction of Deployed Strategic Warheads.--Notwithstanding any
other provision of law, none of the funds authorized to be appropriated
or otherwise made available for fiscal year 2017 or any fiscal year
thereafter for the Department of Defense or the Department of Energy
may be obligated or expended to maintain more than 1,000 deployed
strategic warheads, as counted under the New START Treaty (as defined
in section 495(e) of title 10, United States Code).
(d) Prohibition on New Long-Range Penetrating Bomber Aircraft.--
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, none of the funds
authorized to be appropriated or otherwise made available for any of
fiscal years 2017 through 2024 for the Department of Defense may be
obligated or expended for the research, development, test, and
evaluation or the procurement of the B-21 long-range penetrating bomber
aircraft.
(e) Prohibition on F-35 Nuclear Mission.--Notwithstanding any other
provision of law, none of the funds authorized to be appropriated or
otherwise made available for fiscal year 2017 or any fiscal year
thereafter for the Department of Defense or the Department of Energy
may be used to make the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter aircraft capable of
carrying nuclear weapons.
(f) Reduction in the B61 Life Extension Program.--Notwithstanding
any other provision of law, none of the funds authorized to be
appropriated or otherwise made available for fiscal year 2017 or any
fiscal year thereafter for the Department of Defense or the Department
of Energy may obligated or expended for extending the life of tactical
versions of the B61 gravity bomb.
(g) Prohibition on New Air-Launched Cruise Missile.--
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, none of the funds
authorized to be appropriated or otherwise made available for fiscal
year 2017 or any fiscal year thereafter for the Department of Defense
or the Department of Energy may be obligated or expended for the
research, development, test, and evaluation or the procurement of a new
air-launched cruise missile or for the W80 warhead life extension
program.
(h) Prohibition on New Intercontinental Ballistic Missile.--
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, none of the funds
authorized to be appropriated or otherwise made available for fiscal
year 2017 or any fiscal year thereafter for the Department of Defense
may be obligated or expended for the research, development, test, and
evaluation or the procurement of the ground-based strategic deterrent
or any new intercontinental ballistic missile.
(i) Termination of IW-1 Life Extension Program.--Notwithstanding
any other provision of law, none of the funds authorized to be
appropriated or otherwise made available for fiscal year 2017 or any
fiscal year thereafter for the Department of Defense or the Department
of Energy may be obligated or expended for the IW-1 life extension
program.
(j) Termination of Mixed Oxide Fuel Fabrication Facility Project.--
Notwithstanding section 3116 of the National Defense Authorization Act
for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114-328) or any other provision of
law, none of the funds authorized to be appropriated or otherwise made
available for fiscal year 2017 or any fiscal year thereafter for the
Department of Defense or the Department of Energy may be obligated or
expended for the Mixed Oxide Fuel Fabrication Facility project at the
Savannah River Site, Aiken, South Carolina.
(k) Termination of Uranium Processing Facility.--Notwithstanding
any other provision of law, none of the funds authorized to be
appropriated or otherwise made available for fiscal year 2017 or any
fiscal year thereafter for the Department of Defense or the Department
of Energy may be obligated or expended for the Uranium Processing
Facility located at the Y-12 National Security Complex, Oak Ridge,
Tennessee.

SEC. 4. REPORTS REQUIRED.

(a) Initial Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of
Energy shall jointly submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a
report outlining the plan of each Secretary to carry out section 3.
(b) Annual Report.--Not later than March 1, 2018, and annually
thereafter, the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Energy shall
jointly submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report
outlining the plan of each Secretary to carry out section 3, including
any updates to previously submitted reports.
(c) Annual Nuclear Weapons Accounting.--Not later than September
30, 2017, and annually thereafter, the President shall transmit to the
appropriate committees of Congress a report containing a comprehensive
accounting by the Director of the Office of Management and Budget of
the amounts obligated and expended by the Federal Government for each
nuclear weapon and related nuclear program during--
(1) the fiscal year covered by the report; and
(2) the life cycle of such weapon or program.
(d) Cost Estimate Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense and the
Secretary of Energy shall jointly submit to the appropriate committees
of Congress a report outlining the estimated cost savings that result
from carrying out section 3.
(e) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section,
the term ''appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
(1) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on
Foreign Relations, the Committee on Appropriations, and the
Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate; and
(2) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on
Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee
on Energy and Commerce, and the Committee on Natural Resources
of the House of Representatives.
Output:
Smarter Approach to Nuclear Expenditures Act This bill prohibits the obligation or expenditure of Department of Defense (DOD) funds: (1) for procuring more than eight Columbia-class submarines; (2) to maintain more than 150 deployed intercontinental ballistic missiles; or (3) through FY2024, for the research, development, test, and evaluation (RDT&E) or the procurement of the B-21 long-range penetrating bomber aircraft. The bill prohibits the obligation or expenditure of DOD or Department of Energy (DOE) funds: to maintain more than 1,000 deployed strategic warheads, as counted under the New START Treaty; to make the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter aircraft capable of carrying nuclear weapons; for extending the life of tactical versions of the B61 gravity bomb; for the RDT&E or procurement of a new air-launched cruise missile or for the W80 warhead life extension program; for the RDT&E or procurement of the ground-based strategic deterrent or any new intercontinental ballistic missile; for the IW-1 life extension program; for the Mixed Oxide Fuel Fabrication Facility project at the Savannah River Site, Aiken, South Carolina; or for the Uranium Processing Facility located at the Y-12 National Security Complex, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. DOD and DOE must report to Congress on the plans for, and the estimated cost savings from, carrying out this bill.