TASK DEFINITION: Given a scientific passage and an answer, generate a question for the given answer.
PROBLEM: Passage: The bodies of organisms can make a sedimentary rock. Plant bodies are lithified to become coal. When shells are cemented together they make a type of limestone. So limestone can be considered chemical or organic. Answer: coal

SOLUTION: What is formed when plant bodies are lithified?

PROBLEM: Passage: First, notice where carbon is fixed by the enzyme Rubisco. In C-3, C-4, and CAM plants, CO 2 enters the cycle by joining with 5-carbon ribulose bisphosphate to form a 6-carbon intermediate, which splits (so quickly that it isn't even shown) into two 3-carbon 3-phosphoglycerate molecules. Now look for the points at which ATP and NADPH (made in the light reactions) add chemical energy ("Reduction" in the diagram) to the 3-carbon molecules. The resulting glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate "half-sugars" can enter several different metabolic pathways. One recreates the original 5-carbon precursor, completing the cycle. A second combines two of the 3-carbon molecules to form glucose, the universal fuel for life. The cycle begins and ends with the same 5-carbon RuBP molecule, but the process combines carbon and energy to build carbohydrates food for life. Answer: iron and magnesium

SOLUTION: What elements do mafic minerals typically include?

PROBLEM: Passage: Jupiter has lots of moons. As of 2011, we have discovered over 60 natural satellites of Jupiter. Four are big enough and bright enough to be seen from Earth using a pair of binoculars. These four moons were first discovered by Galileo in 1610. They are called the Galilean moons . Figure below shows the four Galilean moons and their sizes relative to Jupiter's Great Red Spot. These moons are named Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. The Galilean moons are larger than even the biggest dwarf planets, Pluto and Eris. Ganymede is the biggest moon in the solar system. It is even larger than the planet Mercury!. Answer: galileo

SOLUTION:
Who first discovered the moons of jupiter in 1610?