Q: Psychiatrists who work with older parents say that maturity can be an advantage in child raising--older parents are more thoughtful, use less physical discipline and spend more time with their children. But raising kids takes money and energy. Many older parents find themselves balancing their limited financial resources, decreasing energy and failing health against the growing demands of an active child. Dying and leaving young children is probably the older parents' biggest, and often unspoken fear. "Having late-life children often means parents, particularly fathers, end up retiring much later. For many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream." says Brandy Gabrielle, an economics professor.

Henry Metcalf, a 54-year-old journalist, knows it takes money to raise kids. But he's also worried that his energy will give out first. Sure, he can still ride bikes with his athletic fifth grader, but he's learned that young at heart doesn't mean young. Lately he's been taking afternoon naps to keep up his energy. "My body is aging," says Metcalf. "You can't get away from that."

Often, older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biological clock. Therapists who work with middle-aged and older parents say fears about aging are nothing to laugh at. "They worry they'll be mistaken for grandparents, or that they'll need help getting up out of those little chairs in nursery school," says Joann Gals, a New York psychologist. But at the core of those little fears there is often a much bigger one: "that they won't be alive long enough to support and protect their children," she says.

Many late-life parents, though, say their children came at just the right time. After marrying late and undergoing years of pregnancy treatment, Marilyn Nolen and her husband, Randy, had twins. "We both wanted children," says Marilyn, who was 55 when she gave birth. The twins have given the couple what they desired for years -- a sense of family. Kids of older dads are often smarter, happier and more sociable because their fathers are more involved in their lives. "The dads are older, more mature," says Dr. Silber, "and more ready to focus on parenting."

Answer the following questions:
1. How old is Henry Metcalf?
2. What's he do for a living?
3. What's it take to raise kids?
4. Instead of worrying about cash, though, what's he worried about giving out first?
5. What's he like to ride with his fifth grader?
6. Is his kid a couch potato?
7. What's Henry take to keep his energy up?
8. What's the name of Marilyn Nolan's husband?
9. How many kids do they have?
10. How old was Marilyn when she had them?
11. Did they want the kids?
12. What kind of sense did it give them?
13. When older dudes have kids, what's one of the things the kids tend to be?
14. Are kids with older dudes for fathers smarter?
15. Are they happier or sadder than other tykes?
16. Do their fathers get more involved in their lives?
17. What's an older's parent biggest, and often unspoken terror?
18. What turns into an unobtainable dream?
19. Who said this?
20. What's she do for a living?
A: 1. 54
2. journalist
3. money
4. energy
5. bikes
6. no
7. afternoon naps
8. randy
9. Two
10. 55
11. yes
12. of family.
13. more ready to focus on parenting
14. yes
15. happier
16. yes
17. Dying and leaving young children
18. retirement
19. Brandy Gabrielle
20. an economics professor.
Q: CHAPTER XLII

What Can You Give in Return?

In spite of the family troubles, these were happy days for Beatrice. It so seldom happens that young ladies on the eve of their marriage have their future husbands living near them. This happiness was hers, and Mr Oriel made the most of it. She was constantly being coaxed down to the parsonage by Patience, in order that she might give her opinion, in private, as to some domestic arrangement, some piece of furniture, or some new carpet; but this privacy was always invaded. What Mr Oriel's parishioners did in these halcyon days, I will not ask. His morning services, however, had been altogether given up, and he had provided himself with a very excellent curate.

But one grief did weigh heavily on Beatrice. She continually heard her mother say things which made her feel that it would be more than ever impossible that Mary should be at her wedding; and yet she had promised her brother to ask her. Frank had also repeated his threat, that if Mary were not present, he would absent himself.

Beatrice did what most girls do in such a case; what all would do who are worth anything; she asked her lover's advice.

"Oh! but Frank can't be in earnest," said the lover. "Of course he'll be at our wedding."

"You don't know him, Caleb. He is so changed that no one hardly would know him. You can't conceive how much in earnest he is, how determined and resolute. And then, I should like to have Mary so much if mamma would let her come."

Answer the following questions:
1. Who was getting married?
2. Where was she going?
3. And with whom?
4. For what purpose?
5. What was on her mind?
6. Why?
7. Who else wouldn't be there?
8. So what did she do?
9. Was he concerned?
10. Did she believe him?
11. Why?
12. Could he be persuaded?
13. Who won't allow her other friend to attend?
A: 1. Beatrice.
2. The parsonage.
3. Patience
4. Give her opinion.
5. Grief.
6. Mary wouldn't be at her wedding.
7. Frank.
8. Asked her lover's advice.
9. No.
10. No.
11. He is so changed.
12. No.
13. Mary.
Q: In scientific nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name, although the term is used somewhat differently in the zoological code of nomenclature. For example, Linnaeus was the first to give a scientific name (under the currently used system of scientific nomenclature) to the Norway spruce, which he called "Pinus abies". This name is no longer in use: it is now a synonym of the current scientific name which is "Picea abies".

Unlike synonyms in other contexts, in taxonomy a synonym is not interchangeable with the name of which it is a synonym. In taxonomy, synonyms are not equals, but have a different status. For any taxon with a particular circumscription, position, and rank, only one scientific name is considered to be the correct one at any given time (this correct name is to be determined by applying the relevant code of nomenclature). A synonym cannot exist in isolation: it is always an alternative to a different scientific name. Given that the correct name of a taxon depends on the taxonomic viewpoint used (resulting in a particular circumscription, position and rank) a name that is one taxonomist's synonym may be another taxonomist's correct name (and "vice versa").

Answer the following questions:
1. What is the current scientific name of the Norway Spruce?
2. Who gave it the original name?
3. What is the relationship between the two terms?
4. Is this type of synonym similar to other types of synonyms?
5. How is the correct synonym determined?
6. Is the correct name objective?
7. Can a synonym exist on its own?
8. Where is the Picea abies from?
9. Which scientific field does the article discuss?
10. When did Linnaeus name the Pinus abies?
A:
1. Picea abies.
2. Pinus abies.
3. Synonyms.
4. No.
5. By applying the relevant code of nomenclature.
6. No.
7. No.
8. Norway.
9. Zoology.
10. unknown