Heat the pan on the stove over a burner set to medium-high. When a drop of water flicked into the pan starts sizzling immediately, it's hot enough. Crumble the beef into the pan and cook until pleasantly brown. Use your spoon or spatula to break up larger pieces. If you're using leaner ground beef (e.g., 95/5), you can add a small amount of oil to the pan to keep it from sticking. Fattier grades of ground beef (e.g., 80/20) will make enough grease on their own. See "Tips" below for help choosing fat or lean beef. Stir well so that the flour absorbs the grease and oil that has appeared in the pan from cooking the beef. You want the mixture to be as smooth and even as possible. When the flour is completely absorbed, you will have a roux a type of sauce made by cooking flour and liquid fat. Add about 1/2 of the total milk at first, stirring as you go. Keep stirring until the mixture is well combined. The gravy should gradually start to thicken as the heat evaporates the liquid. At this point, you can add as much of the remaining milk as you want. The more milk you add, the thinner the gravy will be. When it's at the consistency you want, heat it to boiling, stirring occasionally, then remove from the heat. Add these dry seasonings to the hot gravy and stir to combine. Give the mixture a test taste. If you like the way it tastes, you're ready to serve. If you think the recipe could use a little extra flavor, feel free to add more of any of the seasonings. Go slowly, stopping to taste-test often. Remember: you can always add more, but you can't take any out. Spoon the gravy over your food and enjoy! Garnish with small chunks of fresh chopped onion if desired.

Summary: Brown the hamburger in a large, deep skillet. Remove from heat and sprinkle in flour. Place over medium heat and gradually add milk. Season with salt, pepper and onion salt. Serve.

Don't unfold the entire stem. Just slightly unfold the section at the bottom. Use your finger to crease along the folds. Slightly unfold the corners. Use your finger to push the tip of the left corner inside the corner itself. Once the corner is pushed in, crease the folds. You should now have a flat, diagonal edge along the bottom left side of the stem of the "7" shape. Pull the tip of the right corner to the left and curl it under so it reaches. Fold along the crease with your fingers. Don't unfold the whole top. You just want to slightly unfold the left side. Use your finger to make a crease along the folds. Push the tip of the top corner inside of the corner until the corner is folded inside of itself. When you're finished, you'll have a diagonal edge along the top of the top of the "7" shape. Do this just like you did on the stem of the "7" shape. Pull the bottom corner up and curve it down so it tucks into the inside reverse fold at the top. Crease along the fold with your finger. Your origami boomerang is complete! Hold the middle of the boomerang between your thumb and index finger. Throw the boomerang horizontally like you're throwing a frisbee. Flick your wrist out as you throw the boomerang so it spins in the air.

Summary: Unfold the bottom of the stem on the "7" shape. Fold the bottom left and right corners into the center crease. Make an inside reverse fold using the left corner. Tuck the right corner between the 2 layers of the left reverse fold. Unfold the left side of the top of the "7" shape. Fold the top and bottom corners into the center crease. Make an inside reverse fold using the top corner. Tuck the the bottom corner between the 2 layers of the top reverse fold. Try out your origami boomerang.

One and two year olds are working to master gross motor skills like walking, running, and jumping; they are also picking up fine motor skills like using a spoon, drinking from a cup, and unfastening buttons. These new skills go hand and hand with a developing sense of self: the idea that they are independent beings who can control their own actions. These are normal and exciting developments, but for parents and teachers, the toddler stage is a tricky one. Toddlers will engage in many behaviors that are not appropriate or acceptable (including fighting over toys), and adults have to respect their developmental stage while teaching them to respect reasonable limits. According to Erik Erikson, the psychologist who developed a widely-used theory of psychosocial development, toddlers are in the midst of resolving a particular developmental crisis: "Autonomy (Independence) vs. Doubt (or Shame)." In other words, they are working to resolve the tensions between self confidence and self control. Emotions tend to run high during the toddler years. They feel tremendous excitement about all of the new and different things they are able to do, but, at the same time, they have to deal with "separateness." Parents may leave them to play independently or expect them to occupy themselves temporarily, and this separation can be scary. The concept of independence, of course, hinges on the basic understanding of "me." Once toddlers understand the distinction between themselves and others, they also begin to focus on the concept of ownership: "mine" as opposed to "not mine." Fighting over toys is a completely normal manifestation of this emerging knowledge. Sharing threatens toddlers' perceived ownership of particular items.
Summary: Know that toddlers are working toward independence. Accept that toddlers are highly emotional. Understand that normal toddler development leads to fights over toys.