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A seminar paper is an advanced piece of research writing, but it shares many of the same features as a regular research paper. Before you begin writing your seminar paper, it is important to make sure that you understand how a seminar paper differs from a research paper. Unlike a basic research paper, a seminar paper also requires: an argument that makes an original contribution to the existing scholarship on your subject extensive research that supports your argument extensive footnotes or endnotes (depending on the documentation style you are using) While you may have written many papers in the past, it is important to make sure that you understand the details of your current assignment before you get started. As soon as your professor assigns the paper, read the guidelines carefully and highlight anything that you do not understand. Ask your professor to clarify the instructions if anything seems unclear or if you just don't understand the assignment. You may also consider talking to your professor about your intended topic to make sure that you are on the right track. Make sure that you understand how to cite your sources for the paper and how to use the documentation style your professor prefers, such as APA, MLA, or Chicago Style. Don't feel bad if you have questions. It is better to ask and make sure that you understand than to do the assignment wrong and get a bad grade. Your professor will be expecting original analysis, extensive research, and excellent writing. Therefore, it is important that you get started early and do the best work that you can do. Begin working on the paper as soon as it is assigned and take advantage of your university's writing center for extra help. Since it's best to break down a seminar paper into individual steps, creating a schedule is a good idea. You can adjust your schedule as needed. Do not attempt to research and write a seminar in just a few days. This type of paper requires extensive research, so you will need to plan ahead. Get started as early as possible. Before you begin writing your paper, you should take some time to explore your ideas and get some things down on paper. As with other types of writing, basic invention activities like listing, freewriting, clustering, and questioning can help you to develop ideas for your seminar paper. Listing List all of the ideas that you have for your essay (good or bad) and then look over the list you have made and group similar ideas together. Expand those lists by adding more ideas or by using another prewriting activity. Freewriting Write nonstop for about 10 minutes. Write whatever comes to mind and don't edit yourself. When you are done, review what you have written and highlight or underline the most useful information. Repeat the freewriting exercise using the passages you underlined as a starting point. You can repeat this exercise multiple times to continue to refine and develop your ideas. Clustering Write a brief explanation (phrase or short sentence) of the subject of your seminar paper on the center of a piece of paper and circle it. Then draw three or more lines extending from the circle. Write a corresponding idea at the end of each of these lines. Continue developing your cluster until you have explored as many connections as you can. Questioning On a piece of paper, write out "Who? What? When? Where? Why? How?" Space the questions about two or three lines apart on the paper so that you can write your answers on these lines. Respond to each question in as much detail as you can. A research question is what you will attempt to answer with your research. Creating a research question will help you to stay focused as you research your topic. It can also serve as the starting point for your thesis later on. For example, if you wanted to know more about the uses of religious relics in medieval England, you might start with something like "How were relics used in medieval England?" The information that you gather on this subject might lead you to develop a thesis about the role or importance of relics in medieval England. Keep your research question simple and focused. Use your research question to narrow your research. Once you start to gather information, it's okay to revise or tweak your research question to match the information you find. Similarly, you can always narrow your question a bit if you are turning up too much information.

summary: Learn the basic features of a seminar paper. Ask for clarification if needed. Plan ahead. Generate ideas for your seminar paper. Create a research question to help guide your research.

Summarize the following:
You will need about 1-quart (.25 liters) of fertilizer for every 20-square feet of soil. Your measurements do not need to be exact, so estimate your needs based on the size of your garden. You can adjust the ratio of the fertilizer recipe to make the quantity of fertilizer that you need. Cottonseed meal is commonly used in fertilizer because it contains 7% nitrogen, which is what nourishes the plants. Cottonseed meal also has a high protein content. Seed meal is the byproduct of vegetable oils and is often used as animal feed. For the best results, get a certified organic bag to protect you and your plants. While fertilizer is normally measured in nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus levels, seed meal is measured in protein since it is usually livestock food. Seed meal is cheapest in large quantities and can be stored in an airtight container for years. When buying lime you have three options -- agricultural lime, gypsum, and dolomite (or dolomitic lime). All three of them will boost plant health and productivity the best, but if you're on a budget you can cut the recipe to just one of the three options. If you do only buy one form of lime, use dolomite whenever possible, as it contains essential magnesium. Mix in 1 cup (237 milliliters) bone meal, phosphate rock, or bat guano to increase the phosphorus levels. While the two ingredients above, seed meal and lime, are the most essential, a good fertilizer usually supplies phosphorus. If budget is an issue, you can skip this step, but bone meal is easy to find at garden stores and will make a big difference for your plants. Like the rest of the ingredients, bone meal can be bought cheaply in bulk and stored in an airtight container for several years. Mix in 1 cup (237 milliliters) kelp meal or dried seaweed to provide essential trace minerals. Again, this step isn't necessary if you're on a budget, by kelp meal helps plants resist stress from heat, cold, drought, and a multitude of other issues. Your best option for cheap kelp meal is usually online. A similar but less expensive alternative is basalt dust. Spread roughly 1 quart of fertilizer over the earth before planting anything, mixing gently into the soil. For nutrient heavy vegetables like cabbage, spinach, brussels sprouts, asparagus, or leeks, you can also sprinkle some fertilizer around the roots every 3-4 weeks. If you feel like your soil isn't very rich (for example, there is a lot of clay), you can add another half quart per 20 square feet. If your plants are already in the ground but want some fertilizer, use your hands or a trowel to lightly mix the fertilizer into the top layer of soil. Lightly water the plants both before and after applying.
summary: Determine how much fertilizer you need. Measure out 4 cups (.25 liters) of cottonseed meal. Add 1 cup (237 milliliters) of lime. Add a phosphorous booster. Add kelp or seaweed in the fertilizer. Distribute your fertilizer onto the soil.