Problem:OPTIONS:
- form variable
- independent variable
- control variable
- dependent variable

Answer the following question given this paragraph: An experiment generally tests how one variable is affected by another. The affected variable is called the dependent variable . In the plant experiment shown above, the dependent variable is plant growth. The variable that affects the dependent variable is called the independent variable . In the plant experiment, the independent variable could be fertilizersome plants will get fertilizer, others will not. The scientists change the amount of the independent variable (the fertilizer) to observe the effects on the dependent variable (plant growth). An experiment needs to be run simultaneously in which no fertilizer is given to the plant. This would be known as a control experiment. In any experiment, other factors that might affect the dependent variable must be controlled. In the plant experiment, what factors do you think should be controlled? ( Hint: What other factors might affect plant growth?). Q: In an experiment, what is the affected variable called? A:
****
A: dependent variable

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone and is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and endosteum. Osteoblasts, which do not divide, synthesize and secrete the collagen matrix and calcium salts. As the secreted matrix surrounding the osteoblast calcifies, the osteoblast become trapped within it; as a result, it changes in structure and becomes an osteocyte, the primary cell of mature bone and the most common type of bone cell. Each osteocyte is located in a space called a lacuna and is surrounded by bone tissue. Osteocytes maintain the mineral concentration of the matrix via the secretion of enzymes. Like osteoblasts, osteocytes lack mitotic activity. They can communicate with each other and receive nutrients via long cytoplasmic processes that extend through canaliculi (singular = canaliculus), channels within the bone matrix. If osteoblasts and osteocytes are incapable of mitosis, then how are they replenished when old ones die? The answer lies in the properties of a third category of bone cellsthe osteogenic cell. These osteogenic cells are undifferentiated with high mitotic activity and they are the only bone cells that divide. Immature osteogenic cells are found in the deep layers of the periosteum and the marrow. They differentiate and develop into osteoblasts. The dynamic nature of bone means that new tissue is constantly formed, and old, injured, or unnecessary bone is dissolved for repair or for calcium release. The cell responsible for bone resorption, or breakdown, is the osteoclast. They are found on bone surfaces, are multinucleated, and originate from monocytes and macrophages, two types of white blood cells, not from osteogenic cells. Osteoclasts are continually breaking down old bone while osteoblasts are continually forming new bone. The ongoing balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts is responsible for the constant but subtle reshaping of bone. Table 6.3 reviews the bone cells, their functions, and locations. Q: What bone cell is responsible for forming new bone and is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and endosteum? A:
OPTIONS:
- epithelial
- congenial
- fibroblasts
- osteoblast
osteoblast

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The spleen is in the upper abdomen. It filters pathogens and worn out red blood cells from the blood, and then lymphocytes in the spleen destroy them. Q: What filters pathogens and worn out red blood cells from the blood? A:
OPTIONS:
- the bladder
- the stomach
- the pancreas
- the spleen

Answer: the spleen

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: During transcription, a copy of mRNA is made that is complementary to a strand of DNA. In eukaryotes, mRNA may be modified before it leaves the nucleus. Q: In eukaryotes, mrna may be modified before leaving what? A:
OPTIONS:
- ribosome
- mitochondria
- epidermis
- nucleus
Answer: nucleus

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Particles that are composed of three quarks are called baryons . The two best known baryons are protons and neutrons. A proton is composed of two up quarks and one down quark (uud). The charge on the proton is the result of adding the charges on these quarks . Neutrons are composed of one up quark and two down quarks (udd). The charge on the neutron is the result of adding the charges on these quarks . Q: What are the two best known baryons? A:
OPTIONS:
- flux and neurons
- electrons and neutrons
- shafts and neutrons
- protons and neutrons
output: protons and neutrons

Problem: OPTIONS:
- luminescence
- infrared
- reflected light
- ultraviolet
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Mid-wavelength electromagnetic waves are called light. Light consists of visible, infrared, and ultraviolet light. Humans can see only visible light. Infrared light has longer wavelengths than visible light and is perceived as warmth. Ultraviolet light has shorter wavelengths than visible light and has enough energy to kill bacteria. It can also harm the skin. Q: What type of light has shorter wavelengths than visible light and has enough energy to kill bacteria? A:
Answer:
ultraviolet