TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. You should write an incorrect option. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
PROBLEM: that subsequent extraneous offenses are admissible to show a defendant's intent as to an earlier offense. See U.S. v. Germosen, 139 F.3d 120, 128 (2nd Cir.1998) (upholding admission of subsequent act under Federal Rule of Evidence 404(b) to show intent regarding charged offense and holding, "[t]he fact that the evidence involved a subsequent rather than prior act is of no moment"); U.S. v. Latney, 108 F.3d 1446, 1449 (D.C.Cir.) (construing Federal Rule of Evidence 404(b) and holding that it "draws no distinction b Austin 1990, no pet.) (same). Accordingly, we hold that the trial court did not abuse its discretion by rejecting Russell's contention that the Vogt Street offense was not admissible simply because it occurred after the Fast Freddy's offense. Cf. Montgomery, 810 S.W.2d at 380 (<HOLDING>). Although, based on the authorities cited by
Holding statements: (A) holding that the grant of an injunction is reviewed for abuse of discretion but without deference to the legal conclusions of the trial court (B) recognizing that an appellate court reviews a trial courts decision whether or not to grant equitable relief only for an abuse of discretion (C) holding failure to exercise discretion is abuse of discretion (D) holding not an abuse of discretion to deny funds (E) recognizing that an abuse of discretion occurs when the trial court acts without reference to any guiding principles or rules

SOLUTION: holding that the grant of an injunction is reviewed for abuse of discretion but without deference to the legal conclusions of the trial court

PROBLEM: District Attorney's Office to discriminate in the jury selection process. On April 26, 2007, the PCRA court issued an order denying Appellant relief and the instant appeal followed. Appellant raises the following claim: The lower court erred by limiting Appellant's hearing solely to proof of a policy or culture of discrimination by the Philadelphia District Attorney and further erred by denying Appellant the opportunity to develop and prove discrimination in his case. Before we proceed with a review of the merits of this issue, we must ascertain whether the PCRA court was correct in its conclusion that Appellant timely filed his fifth PCRA petition for, if he did not, we are without jurisdiction to address his claim. Commonwealth v. Abu-Jamal, 596 Pa. 219, 941 A.2d 1263 (2008) (<HOLDING>). Pursuant to 42 Pa.C.S. 9545(b)(1), any PCRA
Holding statements: (A) holding that railroad immunity act should be strictly construed (B) holding that the time requirements of the statute are as much a part of the jurisdictional threshold as the mandate to file for a rehearing and that the time limits must be strictly construed and may not be waived by ferc or evaded by the courts (C) holding pcra time limits are jurisdictional in nature and must be strictly construed (D) holding that a governments consent to be sued must be construed strictly in favor of the sovereign (E) holding 2513 to be jurisdictional and therefore must be strictly construed

SOLUTION: holding that railroad immunity act should be strictly construed

PROBLEM: The court, however, need not reach this issue because even if Defendants were properly served, this action is barred by the statute of limitations. 4 . All parties agree that the applicable statute of limitations is three years. Because a federal court in a diversity action based on state negligence law must apply state law to determine when an action is commenced for purposes of the statute of limitations, Wolfberg v. Greenwood Development Corp., 868 F.Supp. 132 (D.S.C. 1994), the present action was commenced, if at all, more than three years after Plaintiff's accident. See S.C.R.C.P. 4(d)(8) ("Service [by certified mail] is effective upon the date of delivery as shown on the return receipt."); Dandy v. American Laundry Machinery Inc., 301 S.C. 24, 27, 389 S.E.2d 866, 868 (1990) (<HOLDING>). 5 . The court notes that the Supreme Court of
Holding statements: (A) holding that service of a statecourt summons and complaint after removal to federal court is valid service (B) recognizing that it is well settled law that an action is commenced by the service of a summons and without valid service of process the trial court has no jurisdiction to act (C) holding that if service done by certified mail action commenced upon receipt of summons and complaint (D) holding the rule 4 requirement of delivery to the appropriate united states attorney required personal service not service by certified mail (E) holding that service of a subpoena via certified mail is sufficient under rule 45 particularly when defendant does not deny actual receipt

SOLUTION:
holding that service of a statecourt summons and complaint after removal to federal court is valid service