input: Please answer the following: Information: - Justinian I (482 14 November 565), traditionally known as Justinian the Great and also Saint Justinian the Great in the Eastern Orthodox Church, was a Byzantine (East Roman) emperor from 527 to 565. During his reign, Justinian sought to revive the empire's greatness and reconquer the lost western half of the historical Roman Empire. Justinian's rule constitutes a distinct epoch in the history of the Later Roman empire, and his reign is marked by the ambitious but only partly realized "renovatio imperii", or "restoration of the Empire". - Bardas Phokas ( Greek : ) ( c. 878 -- c. 968 ) was a notable Byzantine general in the first half of the 10th century , and father of Byzantine emperor Nikephoros II Phokas and the kouropalates Leo Phokas the Younger . Bardas was the scion of the Phokas family , one of the great houses of the Anatolian military aristocracy , his father was Nikephoros Phokas the Elder , an eminent Byzantine general with a distinguished record of service in Italy . In 917 , he participated under the orders of his elder brother Leo in the disastrous Battle of Acheloos . In 941 , he was governor of the Theme of Armeniakon , in the area previously known as Paphlagonia . In this year the Rus ' navy under the leadership of Igor I of Kiev attacked the Empire . Driven off from Constantinople , the Rus ' landed in Bithynia and ravaged it . Bardas kept the attackers from doing too much damage with his local militia levies until the larger Byzantine army under John Kourkouas came and drove the Rus ' out . In 945 he was appointed supreme commander of the Byzantine armies of the East by Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus . In this command he did not make much progress against the Arab forces , being repeatedly defeated by Sayf al - Daula , emir of Aleppo . In 953 , he was defeated and severely wounded by Sayf and after further defeats , he was replaced by his son Nikephoros in 955/956 . When Nikephoros came to the throne he made his father Caesar , only a step below the imperial title . He died about 968 at the age of 90 . - Kouropalats, Latinized as curopalates or curopalata (from "[the one in] charge of the palace") and Anglicized as curopalate, was a Byzantine court title, one of the highest from the time of Emperor Justinian I (r. 527565) to that of the Komnenoi in the 12th century. The female variant, held by the spouses of the "kouropalatai", was kouropalatissa. - NikephorosII Phokas (Latinized: NicephorusII Phocas "NikphorosII Phkas"; c. 912 11 December 969) was Byzantine Emperor from 963 to 969. His brilliant military exploits contributed to the resurgence of the Byzantine Empire during the 10th century. What is the relationship between 'bardas phokas the elder' and 'byzantine empire'?
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output: country of citizenship
input question: Information: - Ipso Facto is a studio album by the Canadian rock guitarist Rik Emmett , released in 1992 . It was Emmett 's second solo studio album . The album was certified gold in the US by the RIAA , with sales of over 500,000 copies , on April 24 , 1993 and Platinum , with sales of over one million copies , on July 27 , 1999 . Ipso Facto was the last Rik Emmett album to feature a band as writers , following albums would focus entirely on Rik himself , beginning with The Spiral Notebook three years later , in 1995 . - Richard Gordon "Rik" Emmett (born July 10, 1953 in Toronto) is a vocalist, guitarist, and founding member of the Canadian rock band Triumph. Emmett left Triumph in 1988 to pursue a solo career. His first solo album, "Absolutely", was released in 1990 and became a moderate hit across North America thanks to the hits "When a Heart Breaks" and "Saved by Love". He is also a writer for "Guitar Player" magazine and teaches songwriting and music business at Humber College in Toronto. - Toronto is the most populous city in Canada, the provincial capital of Ontario, and the centre of the Greater Toronto Area, the most populous metropolitan area in Canada. Growing in population, the 2011 census recorded a population of 2,615,060. As of 2015, the population is now estimated at 2,826,498, making Toronto the fourth-largest city in North America based on the population within its city limits. Toronto trails only Mexico City, New York City, and Los Angeles by this measure, while it is the fifth-largest (behind also Chicago) if ranked by the size of its metropolitan area . An established global city, Toronto is an international centre of business, finance, arts, and culture, and widely recognized as one of the most multicultural and cosmopolitan cities in the world. - The Humber Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning, commonly known as Humber College, is a publicly funded polytechnic college in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. - Guitar Player is an American popular magazine for guitarists, founded in 1967 in San Jose, California, United States. It contains articles, interviews, reviews and lessons of an eclectic collection of artists, genres and products. It has been in print since late 1967. The magazine is currently edited by Michael Molenda. "Guitar Player" is a part of the Music Player Network. What is the relationship between 'ipso facto ' and 'absolutely'????
output answer:
follows