Answer the following question given this paragraph: Ion Transport The Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ ions are important components of intracellular and extracellular fluids. Both Na+ and Ca2+ are found primarily in extracellular fluids, such as blood plasma, whereas K + and Mg2+ are found primarily in intracellular fluids. Substantial inputs of energy are required to establish and maintain these concentration gradients and prevent the system from reaching equilibrium. Thus energy is needed to transport each ion across the cell membrane toward the side with the higher concentration. The biological machines that are responsible for the selective transport of these metal ions are complex assemblies of proteins called ion pumps. Ion pumps recognize and discriminate between metal ions in the same way that crown ethers and cryptands do, with a high affinity for ions of a certain charge and radius. Defects in the ion pumps or their control mechanisms can result in major health problems. For example, cystic fibrosis, the most common inherited disease in the United States, is caused by a defect in the transport system (in this case, chloride ions). Similarly, in many cases, hypertension, or high blood pressure, is thought to be due to defective Na+ uptake and/or excretion. If too much Na+ is absorbed from the diet (or if too little is excreted), water diffuses from tissues into the blood to dilute the solution, thereby decreasing the osmotic pressure in the circulatory system. The increased volume increases the blood pressure, and ruptured arteries called aneurysms can result, often in the brain. Because high blood pressure causes other medical problems as well, it is one of the most important biomedical disorders in modern society. For patients who suffer from hypertension, low-sodium diets that use NaCl substitutes, such as KCl, are often prescribed. Although KCl and NaCl give similar flavors to foods, the K + is not readily taken up by the highly specific Na+-uptake system. This approach to controlling hypertension is controversial, however,. Q: Ion pumps, the biological machines responsible for the selective transport of metal ions, are complex assemblies of what? Choices: - cells - minerals - acids - proteins A:
proteins
(Question)
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Sunlight is turned into electricity at a solar power plant. A large group of mirrors focuses sunlight on one place. This place is called a receiver ( Figure below ). At the receiver, a liquid such as oil or water is heated to a high temperature. The liquid transfers its heat by conduction . In conduction, energy moves between two objects that are in contact. The warmer object transfers heat to the cooler object. At a solar power plant, the energy conducted by the heated liquid is used to make electricity. Q: What does a solar power plant turn sunlight into? Choices: - machinery - batteries - mechanical energy - electricity A:
(Answer)
electricity
Ques: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Genital herpes is a common STI caused by a herpes virus. The virus causes painful blisters on the penis or near the vaginal opening. The blisters generally go away on their own, but they may return repeatedly throughout life. There is no cure for genital herpes, but medicines can help prevent or shorten outbreaks. Q: What type of sti is characterized by blisters? Choices: - syphilis - gonorrhea - chlamydia - genital herpes A:
Ans: genital herpes
(Q).
Answer the following question given this paragraph: E. coli bacteria are anaerobic bacteria that live in the human digestive tract. Q: In what human organ system would you find live e. coli bacteria? Choices: - circulatory system - respiratory system - skeletal system - digestive system A:
(A).
digestive system
Ques:Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What is the process by which plants make their own food? Choices: - glycolysis - metabolism - cellular respiration - photosynthesis A:

Ans:photosynthesis
Answer the following question given this paragraph: The urinary bladder is a hollow and muscular organ. It is shaped a little like a balloon. It is the organ that collects urine. Q: What is the hollow and muscular balloon-shaped organ that collects urine? Choices: - prostate - urethra - kidney - urinary bladder A:
urinary bladder