question: "People should have one meat-free day a week if they want to make a personal and effective sacrifice that would help deal with climate change," the world's leading authority on global warming has told The Observer.

Dr Rajendra Pachauri, chair of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, said that people should then go on to reduce their meat consumption even further.

Pachauri, who was re-elected the panel's chairman for a second six-year term last week, said diet change was important because of the huge greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental problems associated with raising cattle and other animals. "It was relatively easy to change eating habits compared to changing means of transport," he said.

The UN's Food and Agriculture Organisation has estimated that meat production accounts for nearly a fifth of global greenhouse gas emissions. These are produced during the production. For example, ruminants , particularly cows, give off a gas called methane, which is 23 times more effective as a global warming agent than CO2.

Pachauri can expect some opposite responses from the food industry to his advice, though last night he was given unexpected support by Masterchef presenter and restaurateur John Torode. "I have a little bit and enjoy it," said Torode. "Too much for any person is bad. But there's a bigger issue here: where the meat comes from. If we all bought British and stopped buying imported food, we'd save a huge amount of carbon emissions."

Professor Robert Watson, the chief scientific adviser for the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs, said government could help educate people about the benefits of eating less meat, but it should not regulate. "Eating less meat would help, there's no question about that," Watson said.

However, Chris Lamb, head of marketing for pig industry group BPEX, said the meat industry had been unfairly targeted and was working hard to find out which activities had the biggest environmental impact and reduce them. "Some ideas were contradictory," he said. "For example, one solution to emissions from cattle and other animals was to keep them indoors, but this would damage animal welfare. Climate change is a very young science and our view is there are a lot of simple solutions being proposed."
1. What is the suggestion that Dr Rajendra Pachauri makes about meat consumption?
2. Does he feel this will be difficult to do?
3. How much of the world's greenhouse emissions does the meat industry produce?
4. What type of gas do cows release?
5. Is it contribute to global warming?
6. By how much?
7. What does John Torode feel is a great way reduce carbon emissions?
8. What is his profession?
9. What position does Dr Pachauri have on the Panel on Climate Change?
10. How many terms has he served in that role?
11. How long does the term last?
12. Why does Chris Lamb feel the meat industry has been unfairly targeted?
****
answer: 1. it should be reduced
2. no
3. nearly a fifth
4. methane
5. yes
6. 23 times more
7. buy British
8. restaurateur
9. chair of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel
10. two
11. six years
12. unknown

question: Sam Allred suffers from a rare and incurable kidney disease. One day, when his sister was playing a song repeatedly, Sam sang along. His sister thought it was funny so she recorded it and posted the video online. The video -- and Sam -- became a hit. Only 8 years old at the time, he couldn't have expected the response. "(The television show) The Doctors called and wanted me on their show so they paid for me to go to California," says Sam, now 13, "and we got to stay in a hotel where all the movie stars stayed." During that visit to California, Angie Allred, Sam's mother, had an idea about Sam writing a children's book. Together, she and Sam wrote Opening Hearts, which tells Sam's experience of living with a chronic illness. "I wrote the book to teach people to be kinder to people," Sam says. Moreover, Sam wanted to send pillows to sick children staying in hospitals around the country to make their stay more comfortable, an idea that came from a time when he was in the hospital. "A few kind boys came in with pillows and they gave me one and it meant a lot to me that someone cared about kids in the hospital," says Sam. Angie thought of starting a nonprofit organization to provide a way for people to contribute money to realize Sam's ideas. She named the nonprofit Kindness for Kids. Since then, Sam has taken pillows to children staying at Providence Hospital in Anchorage. Sam's father, Scott Allred, owns a small business that contracts shipping services with FedEx Ground. He asked the company for help. "FedEx Ground learned about Sam's pillow project," says Erin Truxal, manager of public relations for FedEx Ground. "We thought, 'What a perfect way for us to get involved.'" The company provided shipping services for Sam to ship about 5,000 pillows to hospitals. Sam wants to send more pillows to all of the children's hospitals in every state. His goal is simple: "Kids in the hospital as happy as they were before they got sick," he says.
1. how old was sam when the video was made?
2. and how old is he now?
3. what disease does he have?
4. what is his mother's name?
5. what was her idea?
6. who recorded the video of Sam?
7. did she think it was sad?
8. what did she think of it?
9. was he surprised?
10. what state did they get invited to?
11. who wanted to start a non-profit?
12. what did she call it?
13. why did Sam say he wrote the book?
14. what is it about?
15. what is it named?
16. who did Scott's father ask for help?
17. does he sometimes work with them?
18. what did they help Sam ship?
19. to how many people?
20. what did he want kdis to be?
****
answer:
1. Eight
2. 13
3. kidney disease
4. Angie Allred
5. Sam should write a children's book
6. His sister
7. No
8. she thought it was funny
9. Yes
10. California
11. Angie
12. Kindness for Kids
13. He wrote the book to teach people to be kinder to people
14. Sam's experience of living with a chronic illness
15. Opening Hearts
16. FedEx
17. Yes
18. pillows
19. 5,000
20. Kids in the hospital as happy as they were before they got sick