Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

Greenwich is on the River, five miles from the middle of London, and its history is two thousand years old. The first English people were fishermen there, and they named the place Greenwich, meaning "green village". Later the English kings and queens lived at Greenwich in their beautiful places.

The name of the earliest palace was Placentia. Henry VIII lived there. He knew that England must be strong at sea. So he started two big ship-yards at Greenwich. But trouble was coming to Greenwich. In 1649, a war started in England and for eleven years there was no king. The men who had worked for him at Placentia decided to live the place themselves. They sold all its beautiful things. Finally, the war ended and King Charles II came back. But Placentia was falling down. So King Charles built a new and bigger palace, which is now open to the public.

At this time, Charles was worried about losing so many of its ships at sea: their sailors did not know how to tell exactly where they were. So in 1675, Charles made John Flamsteed, the first astronomer in England, try to find the answer. Flamsteed worked in a new building on the high ground in Greenwich Park. From it with a telescope which he made himself, Flamsteed could look all round the sky. And he did, night after night, for twenty years. Carrying on Flamsteed's work a hundred years later, an astronomer called Harrison finally made a clock which told the time at sea, and helped sailors to know where they were. You can see Harrison's clock, still working, in Greenwich's museum of the sea. Because of Flamsteed's work, every country in the world now tells its time by Greenwich Time.

1. how far from London is Greenwich?
2. Does it have a meaning?
3. who built the ports?
4. did he have a house there?
5. named what?
6. where is the clock now?
7. when did the war start?
8. how old is Greenwhich's history?
9. who made the telescope?
10. why did he make it?
11. who made the clock?
12. what happened to everything in Placentia?
13. by who?
14. who appointed Flamsteed?
15. Did King Charles make a new house?
16. where did Flamsteed work?
17. for how long?
18. Did the clock help?
19. who did it help?
20. how?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. five miles
2. meaning "green village"
3. Henry VIII
4. yes
5. Placentia
6. n Greenwich's museum of the sea
7. In 1649
8. two thousand years old
9. Flamsteed
10. look at round the sky
11. Harrison
12. it was destroyed
13. the war
14. Charles
15. yes
16. Flamsteed worked in a new building on the high ground in Greenwich Park
17. for twenty years
18. yes
19. helped sailors
20. to know where they were

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

The International Bureau of Weights and Measures () is an intergovernmental organization, one of three such organisations established to maintain the International System of Units (SI) under the terms of the Metre Convention ("Convention du Metre"). The organisation is usually referred to by its French initialism, BIPM.

The BIPM reports to the International Committee for Weights and Measures (), which is in turn overseen by periodic meetings of the General Conference on Weights and Measures (). These organizations are also commonly referred to by their French initialisms.

The BIPM was created on 20 May 1875, following the signing of the Metre Convention, a treaty among 51 nations (). It is based at the Pavillon de Breteuil in Sevres, France, a site (originally ) granted to the Bureau by the French Government in 1876, where it enjoys extraterritorial status, a status that was clarified by the French decree No 70-820 of 9 September 1970.

Under the authority of the Metric Convention, the BIPM helps to ensure uniformity of SI weights and measures around the world. It does so through a series of consultative committees, whose members are the national metrology laboratories of the Convention's member states, and through its own laboratory work.

1. What organization is this passage talking about?
2. What does it do?
3. Under which terms?
4. Where does the BIPM report?
5. and that is overseen by what?
6. Is BIPM a French initialism?
7. When was it created?
8. What month and day?
9. By the signing of who?
10. Which was a treaty that was between how many nations?
11. Where is it located?
12. Where exactly?
13. Who granted them this site?
14. In what year?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. The International Bureau of Weights and Measures
2. maintains the International System of Units
3. the Metre Convention
4. to the International Committee for Weights and Measures
5. the General Conference on Weights and Measures
6. yes
7. 1875
8. 20 May
9. the Metre Convention
10. 51
11. the Pavillon de Breteuil
12. in Sevres, France
13. the French Government
14. 1876

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

Internet Explorer (formerly Microsoft Internet Explorer and Windows Internet Explorer, commonly abbreviated IE or MSIE) is a series of graphical web browsers developed by Microsoft and included in the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems, starting in 1995. It was first released as part of the add-on package Plus! for Windows 95 that year. Later versions were available as free downloads, or in service packs, and included in the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) service releases of Windows 95 and later versions of Windows. The browser is discontinued, but still maintained.

Internet Explorer was one of the most widely used web browsers, attaining a peak of about 95% usage share during 2002 and 2003. This came after Microsoft used bundling to win the first browser war against Netscape, which was the dominant browser in the 1990s. Its usage share has since declined with the launch of Firefox (2004) and Google Chrome (2008), and with the growing popularity of operating systems such as macOS, Linux, iOS and Android that do not run Internet Explorer. Estimates for Internet Explorer's overall market share range from 3.91% to 16.84% or by StatCounter's numbers ranked 3rd, just after Firefox (or even as low as 5th when counting all platforms), (browser market share is notoriously difficult to calculate). Microsoft spent over per year on Internet Explorer in the late 1990s, with over 1,000 people working on it by 1999.

1. What is the full name of IE?
2. Who is it made by?
3. When was it first introduced?
4. What other abbreviation does it go by?
5. What OS is it included with?
6. What MS package was it first included with?
7. and for what OS?
8. Were later versions free?
9. Is the project ongoing?
10. When did it obtain it's peak useage?
11. What market share did it have then?
12. With whom was it's first browser war?
13. Did MS win or lose the war?
14. When was Netscape the most popular browser?
15. When did Firefox launch?
16. and Chrome?
17. Did the advent of these two hurt the market share of IE?
18. What is IE's market share now?
19. In what market share position are they now?
20. Which competitor do they trail directly behind?

Numbered answers:

A:
1. Internet Explorer
2. Microsoft
3. 1995
4. MSIE
5. Microsoft Windows
6. Plus!
7. Windows 95
8. yes
9. no
10. 2002 and 2003
11. 95%
12. Netscape
13. Microsoft
14. the 1990s.
15. 2004
16. 2008
17. yes
18. 3.91% to 16.84%
19. 3rd
20. Firefox