Information: - The guitar is a musical instrument classified as a string instrument with anywhere from four to 18 strings, usually having six. The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar). It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb and/or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand. The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning. The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument. - In music, a glissando (plural: "glissandi", abbreviated "gliss.") is a glide from one pitch to another. It is an Italianized musical term derived from the French "glisser", to glide. In some contexts it is distinguished from the continuous portamento. Some colloquial equivalents are slide, sweep (referring to the 'discrete glissando' effects on guitar & harp respectively), bend, smear, rip (for a loud, violent gliss to the beginning of a note), lip (in jazz terminology, when executed by changing one's embouchure on a wind instrument), or falling hail (a glissando on a harp using the back of the fingernails). - The embouchure is the use of facial muscles and the shaping of the lips to the mouthpiece of woodwind instruments or the mouthpiece of the brass instruments. The word is of French origin and is related to the root "bouche" (fr.), 'mouth'. The proper embouchure allows the instrumentalist to play the instrument at its full range with a full, clear tone and without strain or damage to one's muscles. - The harp is a stringed musical instrument which has a number of individual strings running at an angle to its soundboard, which are plucked with the fingers. Harps have been known since antiquity in Asia, Africa, and Europe, dating back at least as early as 3500BC. The instrument had great popularity in Europe during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, where it evolved into a wide range of variants with new technologies, and was disseminated to Europe's colonies, finding particular popularity in Latin America. While some ancient members of the harp family died out in the Near East and South Asia, descendants of early harps are still played in Burma and in Sub-Saharan Africa, while other defunct variants in Europe and Asia have been revived by musicians in the modern era. - Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound and silence, which exist in time. The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the "color" of a musical sound). Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements. Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments. The word derives from Greek ("mousike"; "art of the Muses"). In its most general form, the activities describing music as an art form include the production of works of music (songs, tunes, symphonies, and so on), the criticism of music, the study of the history of music, and the aesthetic examination of music. Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies. Common sayings such as "the harmony of the spheres" and "it is music to my ears" point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to. However, 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music, saying, for example, "There is no noise, only sound." - In music , portamento ( plural : portamenti , from Italian : portamento , meaning '' carriage '' or '' carrying '' ) is a pitch sliding from one note to another . The term originated from the Italian expression '' portamento della voce '' ( carriage of the voice ) , denoting from the beginning of the 17th century its use in vocal performances and its emulation by members of the violin family and certain wind instruments , and is sometimes used interchangeably with anticipation . It is also applied to one type of glissando as well as to the '' glide '' function of synthesizers . After reading the paragraphs above, choose the best answer for the entity that related to 'portamento' with the relationship of 'subclass of'. Choices: - activity - ancient greek - articulation - box - brass - cage - carriage - chordophone - color - composer - construction - course - french - general - guitar - gut - harmony - harp - history - instrumentalist - latin - melody - mouth - music - musical instrument - note - number - pitch - play - plural - point - range - rapping - saying - silence - singing - strain - study - thought - violin - wind - wood
articulation

Information: - The University of Southern California (USC or SC) is a private research university founded in 1880 with its main campus in Los Angeles, California. As California's oldest private research university, USC has historically educated a large number of the region's business leaders and professionals. In recent decades, the university has also leveraged its location in Los Angeles to establish relationships with research and cultural institutions throughout Asia and the Pacific Rim. An engine for economic activity, USC contributes approximately $5 billion annually to the economy of the Los Angeles metropolitan area. - Douglas Thomas (born 1966) is an American scholar, researcher, and journalist. He is Associate Professor at the Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Southern California where he studies technology, communication, and culture. He is author or editor of numerous books including "Reading Nietzsche Rhetorically" (Guilford, 1998), "Cybercrime: Security and Surveillance in the Information Age" (with Brian Loader, Routledge, 2000), "Hacker Culture" (University of Minnesota Press, 2002), and "Technological Visions: The Hopes and Fears that Shape New Technologies" (with Marita Sturken and Sandra Ball-Rokeach). He has published numerous articles in academic journals and is the founding editor of "Games & Culture: A Journal of Interactive Media". - The University of Minnesota Press is a university press that is part of the University of Minnesota. - Hacker Culture is a cultural criticism book written by Douglas Thomas that deals with hacker ethics and hackers . After reading the paragraphs above, choose the best answer for the entity that related to 'hacker culture' with the relationship of 'publisher'. Choices: - university of minnesota press - university of southern california
university of minnesota press