input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: In Silver Springs, the TLTE between the first two trophic levels was approximately 14.8 percent. The low efficiency of energy transfer between trophic levels is usually the major factor that limits the length of food chains observed in a food web. The fact is, after four to six energy transfers, there is not enough energy left to support another trophic level. In the Lake Ontario example shown in Figure 46.6, only three energy transfers occurred between the primary producer, (green algae), and the apex consumer (Chinook salmon). Ecologists have many different methods of measuring energy transfers within ecosystems. Some transfers are easier or more difficult to measure depending on the complexity of the ecosystem and how much access scientists have to observe the ecosystem. In other words, some ecosystems are more difficult to study than others, and sometimes the quantification of energy transfers has to be estimated. Another main parameter that is important in characterizing energy flow within an ecosystem is the net production efficiency. Net production efficiency (NPE) allows ecologists to quantify how efficiently organisms of a particular trophic level incorporate the energy they receive into biomass; it is calculated using the following formula:. Q: Net production efficiency allows ecologists to quantify how efficiently organisms of a particular what incorporate the energy they receive into biomass? A:
OPTIONS:
- hypothesized level
- neural level
- sea level
- trophic level
output: trophic level

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: If environmental conditions deteriorate, many species can form protective what? A:

OPTIONS:
- fibers
- proteins
- shells
- cysts

A: cysts

input: OPTIONS:
- deposit plate bounderies
- basalt plate boundaries
- geyser plate boundaries
- subduction plate boundaries Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Lots of volcanoes form along subduction plate boundaries. The edges of the Pacific Plate are a long subduction boundary. Lines of volcanoes can form at subduction zones on oceanic or continental crust. Japan is an example of a volcanic arc on oceanic crust. The Cascade Range and Andes Mountains are volcanic arcs on continental crust. Q: Lots of volcanoes form along which boundaries? A:
A:
output: subduction plate boundaries

Answer the following question given this paragraph: heterotrophic animal that eats only or mainly insects. Q: What type of animal that eats only or mainly insects? A:

OPTIONS:
- anaerobic
- invertebrates
- herbivores
- heterotrophic

Answer: heterotrophic

Problem: OPTIONS:
- implanatation
- digestion
- respiration
- to transport
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Many ecosystems have changed because of human actions. The human species is responsible for a range of environmental problems. Q: What is the main function of the cardiovascular system? A:
Answer: to transport

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Nucleic acids are large polymers formed by linking nucleotides together and are found in every cell. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the nucleic acid that stores genetic information. If all the DNA in a typical mammalian cell were stretched out end to end, it would extend more than 2 m. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is the nucleic acid responsible for using the genetic information encoded in DNA to produce the thousands of proteins found in living organisms. Q: What nucleic acid stores the genetic information? A:

OPTIONS:
- Nucleus
- Ribosomes
- molecule
- dna

Answer:
dna