Premise:
"What he emphasized about himself were his bad his desire to carouse the night away, to run around with women, to sing loudly and drunkenly, and to smoke his head off."
Hypothesis: He didn't realize the characteristics he was listing are bad habits.

it is not possible to tell

Premise:
"But I judged it important to lose no time." And as briefly and succinctly as possible he detailed the experiences of the last few days."
Hypothesis: He retold what had happened to him recently.

yes

Premise:
"It has remained ever since a center of the Hindu sciences."
Hypothesis: The area is considered a center for Hindu science.
yes