TASK DEFINITION: Given an abstract, generate a keyword (a noun phrase) that best describes the focus or contribution of the paper. Such keywords can be directly from the given abstract or outside it.
PROBLEM: Abstract: A patient is presented in whom endotracheal intubation was impossible secondary to an obstructing substernal goiter and laryngeal spasm. Cardiopulmonary bypass was utilized to provide safe induction of anesthesia and intubation so that the substernal goiter could be removed. Other alternative methods in anesthetic management are discussed.

SOLUTION: Aged

PROBLEM: Abstract: A melanin-producing, encapsulated, histologically benign-appearing tumor of the trigeminal nerve was surgically removed from a 9-year-old boy. It recurred 6 months later and was then subtotally resected and treated with radiation therapy. The clinical and pathological features of this and 10 similar cases reported in the literature are reviewed. These tumors are best categorized as meningeal melanocytomas.

SOLUTION: Adult

PROBLEM: Abstract: Foreign body aspiration in children is frequently associated with unilateral emphysema or atelectasis on chest x-ray. Two cases are reported of tracheal or bilateral foreign bodies in which the original chest x-rays were read as normal, but the history was suggestive of the foreign body aspiration. Early bronchoscopy can prevent the long-term morbidity that results from unrecognized tracheobronchial foreign bodies.

SOLUTION:
Bronchoscopy