TASK DEFINITION: You are given a background paragraph that describes one or more causal or qualitative relationships such as a relationship in economics or a scientific law and a story that makes use of the concepts or the relationship described in the provided paragraph. You need to come up with a question about the story that requires an understanding of the relationship described in the background paragraph. The generated question should not be answerable without both the background and story. Write a question about the story that requires a relationship in the background paragraph to answer. Check whether your question requires both the background paragraph and the story to answer. If your question can be answered by only one of these, try to rewrite your question so that it requires both. Note that "flipping" a word in the question can give rise to a new question where the answer will be different from the original question. Often, "flipping" a word gives rise to flipping the direction of the relationship, for example, from "increase" to "decrease."
PROBLEM: Background Paragraph: There are many examples in the chemical world of changes in entropy. Phase transitions are one obvious example. When a substance makes a transition from the liquid state to the gaseous state, the particles have many more possible arrangements, because they are no longer confined to a specified volume in which they are close to each other; gas particles can move freely throughout their container. Vaporization represents an increase in entropy. In the opposite direction, a liquid loses entropy when it freezes to a solid. Because solids have very ordered structures, there are fewer possible arrangements of particles that would result in the properties associated with a solid.
Story: Elaine is getting ready for a dinner party she is having later. She needs to make some pasta as well as freeze some water. She will be using a red bowl and a blue bowl for these tasks. In order to make the pasta, she first needs to bring the blue bowl of water to a boil. While she is waiting for that water to boil she pours some water into the red bowl and places it into the freezer. She then grabs a newspaper and waits until she can continue her preparations.

SOLUTION: The water in which color bowl is gaining entropy?

PROBLEM: Background Paragraph: A large log placed in a fire will burn relatively slowly. If the same mass of wood were added to the fire in the form of small twigs, they would burn much more quickly. This is because the twigs provide a greater surface area than the log does. An increase in the surface area of a reactant increases the rate of a reaction. Surface area is larger when a given amount of a solid is present as smaller particles. A powdered reactant has a greater surface area than the same reactant as a solid chunk. In order to increase the surface area of a substance, it may be ground into smaller particles or dissolved into a liquid. In solution, the dissolved particles are separated from each other and will react more quickly with other reactants.
Story: Danny went camping and made a fire in the woods. he used large logs he fell a few months back. Bob was camping 300 yards away and he made a fire using small sticks, kindlings and sawdust he had left over. Bob's fire burned fast and bright.

SOLUTION: Which person didn't make a fire that burned for a longer time?

PROBLEM: Background Paragraph: Artworks are sold at affordable prices [6] ranging from 5 to 1500. For many of the works, the price goes up as the edition sells out. The edition runs range from 30 to 10,000 editions. Each work comes with a digital certificate that is "signed, numbered and authenticated by the artist" [7][8] Once an edition is sold out, collectors can resell their works in the online marketplace.
Story: A new art store had limited edition artworks for sale last week. They all had 300 pieces at the beginning of the week. By the end of the week, they started to sell out. There were only 5 Impression Sunrise, 20 Las Meninas, 50 The Creation Of Adam, 100 Luncheon Of The Boating Party, 100 The Grand Odalisque, 200 The Swing, and 250 The Liberty Leading The People left.

SOLUTION:
What edition will most likely have it's price increased: Las Meninas or Impression Sunrise?