Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[EX Q]: Context: Histologic evidence of the comparative neurotoxicity of lidocaine, mepivacaine, and prilocaine is incomplete. We compared the intrathecal neurotoxicity in rats among these 3 drugs based on morphologic and neurofunctional findings.', 'Rats (n=169) randomly received 0.12 microL/g of 0%, 2%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, or 20% lidocaine, mepivacaine, or prilocaine or 25% glucose dissolved in distilled water via a chronically implanted intrathecal catheter. The effect of the agents on neurofunction was evaluated by movement of the hind limb (behavior test) and by sensory threshold (paw-stimulation test). The L1 spinal cord, the posterior and anterior roots, and the cauda equina were removed en bloc 5 days later and examined by light and electron microscopy.', 'A significant decrease in sensory threshold or irreversible hind-limb limitation was observed only in rats receiving 20% lidocaine. Morphologic abnormalities characterized by axonal degeneration were observed in rats receiving > or =7.5% lidocaine, 20% mepivacaine, and 20% prilocaine, at the posterior white matter and the proximal portion of the posterior root just at the entrance into the spinal cord. The incidence of lesions was significantly higher in rats receiving lidocaine than mepivacaine and prilocaine.
Answer: It is suggested that intrathecal mepivacaine and prilocaine are less neurotoxic than highly concentrated lidocaine in a rat intrathecal model.
[EX A]: Are intrathecal mepivacaine and prilocaine less neurotoxic than lidocaine in a rat intrathecal model?

[EX Q]: Context: A new protocol for postoperative calcium management was developed with the aim of achieving an increase in the proportion of patients being safely discharged on the first postoperative day. We present our experience with the first 50 patients treated under this new protocol.', 'A cohort study was performed involving the first 50 patients admitted for total or completion thyroidectomy, those data were then compared with a control group. Intact PTH (iPTH) was measured at 4-h postoperatively and patients with iPTH in the normal range were discharged on the first postoperative day.', 'Mean age and sex distribution were similar in both groups. Mean lowest postoperative corrected calcium levels in the study group were 2.19 mmol/l and 2.15 mmol/l in the control group (P = 0.24). Parathyroid auto-transplantation was associated with low PTH levels (risk ratio = 0.49). Over 50% of patients (n = 27) were successfully discharged on the first postoperative day in the study group and no patient required readmission. Length of stay was significantly shorter in the study group, mean 1.64 vs. 2.20 days (P < 0.05).
Answer: The use of iPTH accurately predicts hypocalcaemia after total thyroidectomy and can be used to facilitate safe early discharge for patients.
[EX A]: Does postoperative PTH measurement facilitate day 1 discharge after total thyroidectomy?

[EX Q]: Context: Although excessive sympathetic activation in viral myocarditis and the protective effects of sympathetic inhibition with -blockers are clear, the effects of enhancing vagal tone on viral myocarditis remain unclear. In several models, vagus nerve activation with the 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (7-nAChR) agonists has been demonstrated to ameliorate inflammation. This study was therefore designed to examine the effects of cholinergic stimulation with 7-nAChR agonist nicotine in a murine model of acute viral myocarditis.', 'BALB/C mice were infected by an intraperitoneally injection with coxsackievirus B3. Nicotine and methyllycaconitine (an 7-nAChR antagonist) were administered at doses of 0.4mg/kg and 0.8mg/kg three times per day for 7 or 14 consecutive days, respectively. The effects of nicotine and methyllycaconitine on survival rate, myocardial histopathological changes, cardiac function, cytokine levels, viral RNA, malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase contents were investigated.', 'Nicotine significantly increased survival rate of the infected mice, decreased myocardial inflammation, and improved the impairment of left ventricular function in murine coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis compared with methyllycaconitine. The proinflammatory cytokines TNF-, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-17A were significantly decreased in the infected mice treated with nicotine compared with methyllycaconitine. Nicotine had no significant anti-oxidative and antiviral effects in coxsackievirus B3-infected mice.
Answer: The results indicate that cholinergic stimulation with nicotine significantly reduced the severity of viral myocarditis in mice. The findings suggest that alpha7 nAChR agonists may be a promising new strategy for patients with myocarditis.
[EX A]:
Does nicotine inhibit the production of proinflammatory cytokines of mice infected with coxsackievirus B3?