Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.
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Question: Recent randomized trials suggest that intensive glycaemic control fails to reduce heart failure-related events in patients with diabetes. The molecular cues underlying persistent myocardial damage despite normoglycaemia restoration remain elusive. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, orchestrate transcriptional programs implicated in adverse cardiac remodelling. The present study investigates whether miRNAs participate to hyperglycaemic memory in the diabetic heart.', 'miRNA landscape was assessed by Mouse miRNome miRNA PCR Arrays in left ventricular specimens collected from 4-month-old streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, with or without intensive glycaemic control by slow-release insulin implants. A dysregulation of 316 out of 1008 total miRNAs was observed in the diabetic hearts when compared with controls. Of these, 209 were up-regulated and 107 were down-regulated by >2.0-fold. Interestingly enough, the expression of 268 of those miRNAs remained significantly altered in diabetic mice even after subsequent normoglycaemia. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed that dysregulated miRNAs were implicated in myocardial signalling networks triggering apoptosis (miR-320b, miR-378, miR-34a), fibrosis (miR-125b, miR-150, miR-199a, miR-29b, miR30a), hypertrophic growth (miR-1, miR-150, miR-199a, miR-133a, miR-214, miR-29a, miR-125b, miR-221, miR-212), autophagy (miR-133a, miR-221, miR-212, miR30a), oxidative stress (miR-221, miR-146a, miR-34a, miR-210, miR-19b, miR-125b, miR27a, miR-155), and heart failure (miR-423, miR-499, miR-199a), respectively.

Answer: 1

Question: The regulatory mechanisms of IL-5 gene transcription in human peripheral T cells are unclear because the transfection efficiency of plasmid constructs into nontransformed T cells is very low.', 'Concanavalin A (ConA)-stimulated blastocytes derived from peripheral blood lymphocytes of asthmatic subjects were transiently transfected with the human IL-5 gene promoter/enhancer-luciferase gene construct, pIL-5 (-511)Luc, and cultured with THP-1 cells (human monocytoid cells) and anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb). IL-5 level in the culture medium was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Transcriptional activity of the IL-5 gene was measured by luciferase reporter analysis.', "ConA-blast lymphocytes of asthmatic patients produced a significant amount of IL-5 upon combined stimulation with anti-CD3 mAb and THP-1 cells, but not with anti-CD3 mAb alone. Costimulation with anti-CD28 mAb also enhanced the anti-CD3 mAb- induced IL-5 production. Accordingly, luciferase activity induced by anti-CD3 mAb stimulation in pIL-5(-511)Luc-transfected ConA-blast lymphocytes was increased 1.9- and 3.4-fold by the addition of anti-CD28 mAb and THP-1 cells, respectively. Serial 5' deletion analysis of the reporter gene demonstrated that the cis-regulatory element located at -119 to -80 is critical for anti-CD3 mAb-induced IL-5 gene transcription.

Answer: 0

Question: There are several studies on myocardial tissue Doppler velocities during dobutamine stress, but few studies on the same parameters during bicycle exercise. We wanted to examine how sample sites affected velocities, beat-to-beat variability and segments eligible for analysis.', 'Twenty patients with normal coronary arteries were included in the study. Echocardiograms were obtained at rest and at peak exercise on the exercise bike and were analyzed off line by two independent raters.

Answer:
1