Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The process in which rocks or other solids change to liquids is called melting. Melting occurs when particles of a solid absorb enough energy to partly overcome the force of attraction holding them together. This allows them to move out of their fixed positions and slip over one another. Melting, like other changes of state, is a physical change in matter, so it doesn't change the chemical makeup or chemical properties of matter. Q: At what temperature does solid water melt to a liquid? A:
OPTIONS:
- below 32 degrees c
- below 0 degrees c
- above 32 degrees c
- at temperatures above 0 degrees c
Answer: at temperatures above 0 degrees c

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: We have been able to take pictures of only a few exoplanets. Most are discovered because of some tell-tale signs. One sign is a very slight motion of a star that must be caused by the pull of a planet. Another sign is the partial dimming of a star's light as the planet passes in front of it. Q: What celestial body is often discovered because it causes a star to move or to dim? A:
OPTIONS:
- satellite
- asteroid
- comet
- exoplanet
output: exoplanet

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The thyroid gland is a relatively large gland in the neck. Hormones secreted by the thyroid gland include thyroxin. Thyroxin increases the rate of metabolism in cells throughout the body. Q: What is the name of the relatively large gland in the neck that secretes thyroxin? A:

OPTIONS:
- Pancreas
- Thyroid
- Pituitary
- thyroid

A: thyroid

input: OPTIONS:
- difference in wind
- difference in elevation
- difference in temperature
- difference in charge Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: During a thunderstorm, some parts of a thunderhead become negatively charged. Other parts become positively charged. The difference in charge creates lightning. Lightning is a huge release of electricity. Lightning can jump between oppositely charged parts of the same cloud, between one cloud and another, or between a cloud and the ground. You can see lightning in Figure below . Lightning blasts the air with energy. The air heats and expands so quickly that it explodes. This creates the loud sound of thunder . Q: What causes lightning during a thunderstorm? A:
A:
output: difference in charge

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Intrapleural pressure is the pressure of the air within the pleural cavity, between the visceral and parietal pleurae. Similar to intra-alveolar pressure, intrapleural pressure also changes during the different phases of breathing. However, due to certain characteristics of the lungs, the intrapleural pressure is always lower than, or negative to, the intra-alveolar pressure (and therefore also to atmospheric pressure). Although it fluctuates during inspiration and expiration, intrapleural pressure remains approximately 4 mm Hg throughout the breathing cycle. Competing forces within the thorax cause the formation of the negative intrapleural pressure. One of these forces relates to the elasticity of the lungs themselveselastic tissue pulls the lungs inward, away from the thoracic wall. Surface tension of alveolar fluid, which is mostly water, also creates an inward pull of the lung tissue. This inward tension from the lungs is countered by opposing forces from the pleural fluid and thoracic wall. Surface tension within the pleural cavity pulls the lungs outward. Too much or too little pleural fluid would hinder the creation of the negative intrapleural pressure; therefore, the level must be closely monitored by the mesothelial cells and drained by the lymphatic system. Since the parietal pleura is attached to the thoracic wall, the natural elasticity of the chest wall opposes the inward pull of the lungs. Ultimately, the outward pull is slightly greater than the inward pull, creating the 4 mm Hg intrapleural pressure relative to the intraalveolar pressure. Transpulmonary pressure is the difference between the intrapleural and intra-alveolar pressures, and it determines the size of the lungs. A higher transpulmonary pressure corresponds to a larger lung. Q: Surface tension of alveolar fluid, which is mostly water, creates an inward pull of the tissue of what organ? A:

OPTIONS:
- spleen
- brain
- heart
- lung

Answer: lung

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: As the human population continues to grow, different factors limit population in different parts of the world. Space, clean air, clean water, and food to feed everyone are limiting in some locations. Worldwide though, human ingenuity has not placed a limit on the population. Not only does the population increase, the rate of population growth increases. Q: Is the rate of population growth increasing or decreasing? A:

OPTIONS:
- suggesting
- Vanishing.
- preventing
- increasing

A:
increasing