Information: - In politics, a figurehead is a person who holds "de jure" (in name or by law) an important title or office (often supremely powerful), yet "de facto" (in reality) executes little actual power. The metaphor derives from the carved figurehead at the prow of a sailing ship. Commonly cited figureheads include Queen Elizabeth II, who is Queen of sixteen Commonwealth realms and head of the Commonwealth, but has no power over the nations in which she is not head of state and does not exercise power in her own realms on her own initiative. Other figureheads are the Emperor of Japan, the King of Sweden, or presidents in majority of parliamentary republics, such as the President of India, President of Israel, President of Bangladesh, President of Greece, President of Germany, President of Pakistan (starting in 2010), and President of China (without CPC General Secretary and Chairman of CMC posts). - The Warring States period was an era in ancient Chinese history following the Spring and Autumn period and concluding with the Qin wars of conquest that saw the annexation of all other contender states, which ultimately led to the Qin state's victory in 221 BC as the first unified Chinese empire known as the Qin dynasty. Although different scholars point toward different dates ranging from 481 BC to 403 BC as the true beginning of the Warring States, Sima Qian's choice of 475 BC is generally the most often cited and popularly accepted one. The Warring States era also overlaps with the second half of the Eastern Zhou dynasty, though the Chinese sovereign, known as the king of Zhou, ruled merely as a figurehead and served as a backdrop against the machinations of the warring states. - Duke Xiao of Qin ( Chinese : ; pinyin : Qin Xiao Gng , 381 -- 338 BC ) , given name Quliang ( Chinese : ; pinyin : Quliang ) , was the ruler of the Qin state from 361 to 338 BC during the Warring States period of Chinese history . Duke Xiao is best known for employing the Legalist statesman Shang Yang from the State of Wei ( ) , and authorizing him to conduct a series of ground breaking political , military and economic reforms in Qin . Although the reforms were controversial and drew violent opposition from many Qin politicians , Duke Xiao supported Shang Yang fully and the reforms did help to transform Qin into a dominant superpower among the Seven Warring States . - The Spring and Autumn period was a period in Chinese history from approximately 771 to 476 BC (or according to some authorities until 403 BC) which corresponds roughly to the first half of the Eastern Zhou dynasty. The period's name derives from the "Spring and Autumn Annals", a chronicle of the state of Lu between 722 and 479 BC, which tradition associates with Confucius. - The Qin dynasty was the first dynasty of Imperial China, lasting from 221 to 206 BC. Named for its heartland of Qin, in modern-day Gansu and Shaanxi, the dynasty was formed after the conquest of six other states by the Qin state, and its founding emperor named Qin Shi Huang, the First Emperor of Qin. The strength of the Qin state was greatly increased by the Legalist reforms of Shang Yang in the fourth century BC, during the Warring States period. In the mid and late third century BC, the Qin accomplished a series of swift conquests, first ending the powerless Zhou dynasty, and eventually conquering the other six of the Seven Warring States to gain control over the whole of China. It is also the shortest dynasty in Chinese history, lasting only 15 years with two emperors. - Shang Yang (390338 BCE, born Wei Yang in the State of Wei) was an important Chinese statesman of the State of Qin during the Warring States period. His policies laid the foundation that enabled Qin to conquer all of China, uniting the country for the first time and ushering in the Qin dynasty. He and his followers contributed to the Book of Lord Shang strain of what has modernly been termed Chinese Legalism. - Sima Qian (; c.145 or 13586 BC), formerly romanized Ssu-ma Chien, was a Chinese historian of the Han dynasty. He is considered the father of Chinese historiography for his "Records of the Grand Historian", a "Jizhuanti"-style (history presented in a series of biographies) general history of China, covering more than two thousand years from the Yellow Emperor to his time, during the reign of Emperor Wu of Han, a work that had much influence for centuries afterwards on history-writing not only in China, but in Korea, Japan and Vietnam as well. Although he worked as the Court Astrologer (Chinese: ; "Taish Ling"), later generations refer to him as the Grand Historian (Chinese: ; Taish Gng or tai-shih-kung) for his monumental work; a work which in later generations would often only be somewhat tacitly or glancingly acknowledged as an achievement only made possible by his acceptance and endurance of punitive actions against him, including imprisonment, castration, and subjection to servility. After reading the paragraphs above, choose the best answer for the entity that related to 'duke xiao of qin' with the relationship of 'date of death'. Choices: - 145 - 15 - 2010 - 221 - 338 - 338 bce - 390 - 476 - 479 - 771
338 bce

Information: - The International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) is a global non-governmental organisation with the broad aims of promoting sexual and reproductive health, and advocating the right of individuals to make their own choices in family planning. It was first formed in 1952 in Bombay, India at the Third International Conference on Planned Parenthood and now consists of more than 149 Member Associations working in more than 189 countries. The IPPF is highly developed and organised into six regions. The organisation is based in London, England. - FPA (Family Planning Association) is a UK registered charity (number 250187) working to enable people to make informed choices about sex and to enjoy sexual health. It is the national affiliate for the International Planned Parenthood Federation in the United Kingdom. It celebrated its 80th anniversary in 2010. Its motto is ""Talking sense about sex"". - Jean Shinglewood Medawar ( nee Taylor ; July 2 , 1913 -- May 3 , 2005 ) was a British author and a former chairman of the Family Planning Association , and wife of the British Nobelist Peter Brian Medawar . Medawar was born in London , England , the daughter of Katherine Leslie ( nee Paton ) and Charles Henry Shinglewood Taylor , a doctor . After reading the paragraphs above, choose the best answer for the entity that related to 'jean medawar' with the relationship of 'country of citizenship'. Choices: - india - london - united kingdom
united kingdom