Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Today, some 1,200 species of birds are threatened with extinction by human actions. Humans need to take steps to protect this precious and important natural resource. What can you do to help?. Q: Around 1200 species of what broad animal group are currently at risk of extinction due to human activity? A:
OPTIONS:
- mammals
- reptiles
- amphibians
- birds
Answer: birds

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Thoracic Vertebrae The bodies of the thoracic vertebrae are larger than those of cervical vertebrae (Figure 7.26). The characteristic feature for a typical midthoracic vertebra is the spinous process, which is long and has a pronounced downward angle that causes it to overlap the next inferior vertebra. The superior articular processes of thoracic vertebrae face anteriorly and the inferior processes face posteriorly. These orientations are important determinants for the type and range of movements available to the thoracic region of the vertebral column. Thoracic vertebrae have several additional articulation sites, each of which is called a facet, where a rib is attached. Most thoracic vertebrae have two facets located on the lateral sides of the body, each of which is called a costal facet (costal = "rib"). These are for articulation with the head (end) of a rib. An additional facet is located on the transverse process for articulation with the tubercle of a rib. Q: Most thoracic vertebrae have two facets that articulate with the head of what structure? A:
OPTIONS:
- calf
- heart
- pelvic
- rib
output: rib

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Gravity near the Earth pulls an object downwards toward the surface of the Earth with an acceleration of . In the absence of air resistance, all objects will fall with the same acceleration. The letter is used as the symbol for the acceleration of gravity. When talking about an object's acceleration, whether it is due to gravity or not, the acceleration of gravity is sometimes used as a unit of measurement where . So an object accelerating at 2g's is accelerating at or. Q: Represented in equations by the letter "g", what pulls objects down to the earth's surface? A:

OPTIONS:
- energy
- motion
- light
- gravity

A: gravity

input: OPTIONS:
- carbohydrates
- atoms
- nucleus
- mitochondria Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Like glucose, the fatty acids released in the digestion of triglycerides and other lipids are broken down in a series of sequential reactions accompanied by the gradual release of usable energy. Some of these reactions are oxidative and require nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). The enzymes that participate in fatty acid catabolism are located in the mitochondria, along with the enzymes of the citric acid cycle, the electron transport chain, and oxidative phosphorylation. This localization of enzymes in the mitochondria is of the utmost importance because it facilitates efficient utilization of energy stored in fatty acids and other molecules. Fatty acid oxidation is initiated on the outer mitochondrial membrane. There the fatty acids, which like carbohydrates are relatively inert, must first be activated by conversion to an energy-rich fatty acid derivative of coenzyme A called fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA). The activation is catalyzed by acyl-CoA synthetase. For each molecule of fatty acid activated, one molecule of coenzyme A and one molecule of adenosine triphosphate Saylor URL: http://www. saylor. org/books. Q: The enzymes that participate in fatty acid catabolism are located in what? A:
A:
output: mitochondria

Answer the following question given this paragraph: During active transport, specialized integral membrane proteins recognize the substance and allows it access. Essentially this process is forcing a ion or molecule to cross the membrane when normally it would not. Moving a substance against its concentration gradient is known as primary active transport , and the proteins involved in it as "pumps". This process uses the energy of ATP. In secondary active transport , energy from an electrochemical gradient is used to transport substances. This process involves pore-forming proteins that form channels through the cell membrane. Q: What phenomenon involves the forcing of a substance into a cell against its concentration gradient? A:

OPTIONS:
- active absorption
- osmosis
- secondary transport
- primary active transport

Answer: primary active transport

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The only light that people can see is called visible light . It refers to a very narrow range of wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum that falls between infrared light and ultraviolet light. Within the visible range, we see light of different wavelengths as different colors of light, from red light, which has the longest wavelength, to violet light, which has the shortest wavelength. You can see the spectrum of colors of visible light in Figure below . When all of the wavelengths are combined, as they are in sunlight, visible light appears white. You can learn more about visible light in the chapter "Visible Light" and at the URL below. Q: Where does visible light fall in between on the electromagnetic spectrum? A:

OPTIONS:
- infrared light and specific light
- infrared light and gamma ray
- radio and infrared
- infrared light and ultraviolet light

A:
infrared light and ultraviolet light