input: OPTIONS:
- blue elliptical galaxies
- giant orbital galaxies
- giant gaseous galaxies
- giant elliptical galaxies Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Giant elliptical galaxies contain over a trillion stars. Elliptical galaxies are red to yellow in color because they contain mostly old stars. Most contain very little gas and dust because the material has already formed into stars. Q: Which type of galaxies contain very little gas and dust, are red to yellow in color, contain over a trillion stars and have mostly old stars? A:
A:
output: giant elliptical galaxies

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Nerves of the Face and Oral Cavity An iconic part of a doctor's visit is the inspection of the oral cavity and pharynx, suggested by the directive to "open your mouth and say 'ah. '" This is followed by inspection, with the aid of a tongue depressor, of the back of the mouth, or the opening of the oral cavity into the pharynx known as the fauces. Whereas this portion of a medical exam inspects for signs of infection, such as in tonsillitis, it is also the means to test the functions of the cranial nerves that are associated with the oral cavity. The facial and glossopharyngeal nerves convey gustatory stimulation to the brain. Testing this is as simple as introducing salty, sour, bitter, or sweet stimuli to either side of the tongue. The patient should respond to the taste stimulus before retracting the tongue into the mouth. Stimuli applied to specific locations on the tongue will dissolve into the saliva and may stimulate taste buds connected to either the left or right of the nerves, masking any lateral deficits. Along with taste, the glossopharyngeal nerve relays general sensations from the pharyngeal walls. These sensations, along with certain taste stimuli, can stimulate the gag reflex. If the examiner moves the tongue depressor to contact the lateral wall of the fauces, this should elicit the gag reflex. Stimulation of either side of the fauces should elicit an equivalent response. The motor response, through contraction of the muscles of the pharynx, is mediated through the vagus nerve. Normally, the vagus nerve is considered autonomic in nature. The vagus nerve directly stimulates the contraction of skeletal muscles in the pharynx and larynx to contribute to the swallowing and speech functions. Further testing of vagus motor function has the patient repeating consonant sounds that require movement of the muscles around the fauces. The patient is asked to say "lah-kah-. Q: Which nerve directly stimulates the contraction of skeletal muscles in the pharynx and larynx to contribute to the swallowing and speech functions? A:

OPTIONS:
- glands nerve
- larynx nerve
- gland nerve
- vagus nerve

Answer: vagus nerve

Problem: OPTIONS:
- Amniotic fluid
- blood stream
- Cerebrospinal fluid
- interstitial fluid
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Where are all hormones secreted into before entering the circulatory system? A:
Answer: interstitial fluid

Problem:OPTIONS:
- covalent bonds
- magnetic bonds
- k. bonds
- n bonds

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Silicon dioxide, silica, occurs in both crystalline and amorphous forms. The usual crystalline form of silicon dioxide is quartz, a hard, brittle, clear, colorless solid. It is useful in many waysfor architectural decorations, semiprecious jewels, and frequency control in radio transmitters. Silica takes many crystalline forms, or polymorphs, in nature. Trace amounts of Fe3+ in quartz give amethyst its characteristic purple color. The term quartz is also used for articles such as tubing and lenses that are manufactured from amorphous silica. Opal is a naturally occurring form of amorphous silica. The contrast in structure and physical properties between silicon dioxide and carbon dioxide is interesting, as illustrated in Figure 18.18. Solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) contains single CO2 molecules with each of the two oxygen atoms attached to the carbon atom by double bonds. Very weak intermolecular forces hold the molecules together in the crystal. The volatility of dry ice reflect these weak forces between molecules. In contrast, silicon dioxide is a covalent network solid. In silicon dioxide, each silicon atom links to four oxygen atoms by single bonds directed toward the corners of a regular tetrahedron, and SiO4 tetrahedra share oxygen atoms. This arrangement gives a three dimensional, continuous, silicon-oxygen network. A quartz crystal is a macromolecule of silicon dioxide. The difference between these two compounds is the ability of the group 14 elements to form strong bonds. Secondperiod elements, such as carbon, form very strong bonds, which is why carbon dioxide forms small molecules with strong double bonds. Elements below the second period, such as silicon, do not form bonds as readily as secondperiod elements, and when they do form, the bonds are weaker than those formed by second-period elements. For this reason, silicon dioxide does not contain bonds but only bonds. Q: Elements below the second period, such as silicon, do not form what as readily as second-period elements, and when they do form, they are weaker than those formed by second-period elements? A:
****
A: n bonds

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Vertebrates have a backbone, but invertebrates do not. Except for the chordates, all animal phyla consist only of invertebrates. Chordates include both vertebrates and invertebrates. Q: What do vertebrates have which invertebrates do not? A:
OPTIONS:
- appendages
- fangs
- tails
- backbones
backbones

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The temperature at which condensation of water vapor occurs is called the dew point. The dew point varies depending on air temperature and moisture content. Q: What is the temperature at which condensation of water vapor occurs called? A:
OPTIONS:
- the tipping point
- the boiling point
- the cooling point
- the dew point

Answer:
the dew point