Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[EX Q]: Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is characterized by vascular remodeling, high pulmonary blood pressure, and right ventricular hypertrophy. Oxidative stress, inflammation and pulmonary artery remodeling are important components in PAH. Ellagic acid (EA) is a phenolic compound with anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative properties. This study aimed to investigate whether EA could prevent the development of monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH in rats.', 'Male Sprague-Dawley rats received EA (30 and 50mg/kg/day) or vehicle one day after a single-dose of monocrotaline (MCT, 60mg/kg). Hemodynamic changes, right ventricular hypertrophy, and lung morphological features were assessed 4weeks later. Activation of the NLRP3 (NACHT, LRR, and PYD domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome pathway in the lungs was assessed using Western blot analysis.', 'MCT induced PAH, oxidative stress, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vehicle-treated rats. EA reduced the right ventricle systolic pressure, the right ventricular hypertrophy and the wall thickness/external diameter ratio of the pulmonary arteries compared with vehicle. EA also inhibited the MCT-induced elevation of oxidative stress, NLRP3, and caspase-1, IL- in the lungs and the elevated levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and inflammatory cytokines in serum.
[EX A]: Does ellagic acid prevent monocrotaline-induced pulmonary artery hypertension via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in rats?

[EX Q]: Allopregnanolone (3-hydroxy-5-pregnan-20-one) is a neurosteroid which has an inhibitory function through interaction with the GABAA receptor. This progesterone metabolite has strong sedative and anxiolytic properties, and low endogenous levels have been associated with depressed mood. This study aimed to investigate whether the very high serum allopregnanolone levels in late pregnancy covary with concurrent self-rated symptoms of depression and anxiety.', 'Ninety-six women in pregnancy weeks 37-40 rated symptoms of depression and anxiety with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S) and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Their serum allopregnanolone was analyzed by Celite chromatography and radioimmunoassay.', "Ten women had elevated depression scores (MADRS-S 13), and this group had significantly lower allopregnanolone levels compared to women with MADRS-S scores in the normal range (39.0 17.9 vs. 54.6 18.7 nmol/l, p = 0.014). A significant negative correlation was found between self-rated depression scores and allopregnanolone concentrations (Pearson's correlation coefficient = -0.220, p = 0.031). The linear association between self-rated depression scores and allopregnanolone serum concentrations remained significant when adjusted for gestational length, progesterone levels, and parity. Self-rated anxiety, however, was not associated with allopregnanolone serum concentrations during pregnancy.
[EX A]: Is low serum allopregnanolone associated with symptoms of depression in late pregnancy?

[EX Q]: Calf muscle pump dysfunction is a recognized factor in chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). We investigated the hypothesis that limbs with CVI have a reduced ankle range of motion (ROM) that may be responsible for the poor calf pump function associated with venous ulceration.', 'Ankle ROM and calf pump function were assessed in 32 limbs of 26 adult men. Limbs were selected on the basis of clinical presentation: normal (n = 6 limbs), class 1 or 2 CVI with no history of ulceration (n = 9 limbs), class 3 CVI with healed ulceration (n = 9 limbs), and class 3 CVI with active ulceration (n = 8 limbs). ROM was determined by goniometry during maximal plantar flexion and dorsiflexion of the ankle. Calf pump function was determined by air plethysmographic measurement of ejection fraction (EF) and residual volume fraction (RVF).', 'Ankle ROM was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in each CVI group compared with age-matched control subjects, because of decreases in both plantar flexion and dorsiflexion. Calf pump function was significantly impaired (decreased EF and increased RVF) in ulcerated limbs. ROM was significantly correlated to EF and RVF. Impairment of ROM and calf pump function was associated with deterioration in the clinical classification of venous disease.
[EX A]:
Is limited range of motion a significant factor in venous ulceration?