Answer the following question given this paragraph: This animation (http://openstaxcollege. org/l/insulin) describe the role of insulin and the pancreas in diabetes. Impaired insulin function can lead to a condition called diabetes mellitus, the main symptoms of which are illustrated in Figure 37.10. This can be caused by low levels of insulin production by the beta cells of the pancreas, or by reduced sensitivity of tissue cells to insulin. This prevents glucose from being absorbed by cells, causing high levels of blood glucose, or hyperglycemia (high sugar). High blood glucose levels make it difficult for the kidneys to recover all the glucose from nascent urine, resulting in glucose being lost in urine. High glucose levels also result in less water being reabsorbed by the kidneys, causing high amounts of urine to be produced; this may result in dehydration. Over time, high blood glucose levels can cause nerve damage to the eyes and peripheral body tissues, as well as damage to the kidneys and cardiovascular system. Oversecretion of insulin can cause hypoglycemia, low blood glucose levels. This causes insufficient glucose availability to cells, often leading to muscle weakness, and can sometimes cause unconsciousness or death if left untreated. Q: Oversecretion of insulin can cause what? Choices: - hyperglycemia - inflammation - hypoxia - hypoglycemia A:
hypoglycemia
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Answer the following question given this paragraph: The mesosphere is the layer above the stratosphere. Temperature decreases with altitude in this layer. Meteors burn up here. Q: Located above the stratosphere, what layer is the place where meteors burn up? Choices: - unisphere - troposphere - atmosphere - mesosphere A:
mesosphere
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Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: The carbon cycle can be thought of in terms of two interdependent cycles - cellular respiration and what else? Choices: - glycolysis - spermatogenesis - pollination - photosynthesis A:
photosynthesis
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Answer the following question given this paragraph: Earth is the only planet in the solar system that has water in all three states. Q: Earth is the only planet in the solar system that has what element, which is essential for human life, present in all three of its states? Choices: - helium - oxygen - carbon - water A:
water
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