Article: A seminar paper is an advanced piece of research writing, but it shares many of the same features as a regular research paper. Before you begin writing your seminar paper, it is important to make sure that you understand how a seminar paper differs from a research paper. Unlike a basic research paper, a seminar paper also requires: an argument that makes an original contribution to the existing scholarship on your subject extensive research that supports your argument extensive footnotes or endnotes (depending on the documentation style you are using) While you may have written many papers in the past, it is important to make sure that you understand the details of your current assignment before you get started. As soon as your professor assigns the paper, read the guidelines carefully and highlight anything that you do not understand. Ask your professor to clarify the instructions if anything seems unclear or if you just don't understand the assignment. You may also consider talking to your professor about your intended topic to make sure that you are on the right track. Make sure that you understand how to cite your sources for the paper and how to use the documentation style your professor prefers, such as APA, MLA, or Chicago Style. Don't feel bad if you have questions. It is better to ask and make sure that you understand than to do the assignment wrong and get a bad grade. Your professor will be expecting original analysis, extensive research, and excellent writing. Therefore, it is important that you get started early and do the best work that you can do. Begin working on the paper as soon as it is assigned and take advantage of your university's writing center for extra help. Since it's best to break down a seminar paper into individual steps, creating a schedule is a good idea. You can adjust your schedule as needed. Do not attempt to research and write a seminar in just a few days. This type of paper requires extensive research, so you will need to plan ahead. Get started as early as possible. Before you begin writing your paper, you should take some time to explore your ideas and get some things down on paper. As with other types of writing, basic invention activities like listing, freewriting, clustering, and questioning can help you to develop ideas for your seminar paper. Listing List all of the ideas that you have for your essay (good or bad) and then look over the list you have made and group similar ideas together. Expand those lists by adding more ideas or by using another prewriting activity. Freewriting Write nonstop for about 10 minutes. Write whatever comes to mind and don't edit yourself. When you are done, review what you have written and highlight or underline the most useful information. Repeat the freewriting exercise using the passages you underlined as a starting point. You can repeat this exercise multiple times to continue to refine and develop your ideas. Clustering Write a brief explanation (phrase or short sentence) of the subject of your seminar paper on the center of a piece of paper and circle it. Then draw three or more lines extending from the circle. Write a corresponding idea at the end of each of these lines. Continue developing your cluster until you have explored as many connections as you can. Questioning On a piece of paper, write out "Who? What? When? Where? Why? How?" Space the questions about two or three lines apart on the paper so that you can write your answers on these lines. Respond to each question in as much detail as you can. A research question is what you will attempt to answer with your research. Creating a research question will help you to stay focused as you research your topic. It can also serve as the starting point for your thesis later on. For example, if you wanted to know more about the uses of religious relics in medieval England, you might start with something like "How were relics used in medieval England?" The information that you gather on this subject might lead you to develop a thesis about the role or importance of relics in medieval England. Keep your research question simple and focused. Use your research question to narrow your research. Once you start to gather information, it's okay to revise or tweak your research question to match the information you find. Similarly, you can always narrow your question a bit if you are turning up too much information.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Learn the basic features of a seminar paper. Ask for clarification if needed. Plan ahead. Generate ideas for your seminar paper. Create a research question to help guide your research.
Article: The symptoms for foot pain are fairly obvious. You might need to start taking better care of your feet if you notice any of the following: Soreness in the toes, heels, or balls of your feet Bumps or protrusions on any part of your feet Difficulty walking or feeling uncomfortable while walking Tenderness to the touch on any part of your feet There are many things that can cause pain in your heel. Here are some of the most common causes: Plantar fasciitis is the most common reason people have heel pain. It is caused by an irritated plantar fascia, which is the tough tissue that connects the toes to the heel bone. It can cause discomfort in the heel or arches. Treatment for plantar fasciitis includes rest, over the counter pain relievers, or heel/toe stretches. Heel spurs are extra bone growths on the bottom of the heel bone that can cause discomfort. They are usually caused by poor posture, inappropriate shoes, or by activities like running.Treatment for heel spurs includes choosing better shoes with a more supportive arch, rest, or over the counter pain relievers. There are many possible reasons that your foot might hurt in areas other than the heel. Here are some of them: Metatarsalgia is pain that occurs from inflammation in the ball of the foot. It is usually caused by strenuous activities or by shoes that fit poorly. Treatment includes icing or resting the foot, choosing more appropriate shoes, or pain relievers. Bunions are bony protrusions on the edge of the foot, usually next to the base of the big toe. They are often caused by shoes that don't fit properly. Treatment includes wearing more comfortable shoes or surgery, if the case is severe. Before doing any foot stretches, try to identify if it is your toes, heels, arches, balls of your feet or any other part that is hurting. Does it hurt worse when you are moving or bearing weight? Are you forced to change your gait? Many people walk with their feet bowed slightly out. This is known as being duck-toed. Other people walk with their feet turned slightly in. This is called being pigeon-toed. Although this may be a comfortable position, the muscles, bones and tendons are not being used properly. Bad foot alignment can be responsible for pain in the feet, knees, hips, and back.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Know the symptoms. Recognize the causes of heel pain. Recognize the causes of other foot pain. Identify the sore area of your foot. Decide if you are duck- or pigeon-toed.