In this task, you are given a sentence or phrase in English. You must translate it to Xhosa in a way that is equivalent in terms of meaning and grammatically correct.

Input: Consider Input: Rates of gaining and losing speed.

Output: Ixabiso lokungenisa nokulahlekelwa sisantya.

Input: Consider Input: If a crane is used, the cable is lowered on to the forecastle first.

Output: Ukuba isilenge sisetyenzisiwe, intsontelo yentsimbi yehliselwa kumphambili wenqaba kuqala.

Input: Consider Input: Astronomical Refraction.
Output: Umahluko phakathi kwecala loqobo lomzila wokhanyo