Answer the following question given this paragraph: 30.2 Stems The stem of a plant bears the leaves, flowers, and fruits. Stems are characterized by the presence of nodes (the points of attachment for leaves or branches) and internodes (regions between nodes). Plant organs are made up of simple and complex tissues. The stem has three tissue systems: dermal, vascular, and ground tissue. Dermal tissue is the outer covering of the plant. It contains epidermal cells, stomata, guard cells, and trichomes. Vascular tissue is made up of xylem and phloem tissues and conducts water, minerals, and photosynthetic products. Ground tissue is responsible for photosynthesis and support and is composed of parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma cells. Primary growth occurs at the tips of roots and shoots, causing an increase in length. Woody plants may also exhibit secondary growth, or increase in thickness. In woody plants, especially trees, annual rings may form as growth slows at the end of each season. Some plant species have modified stems that help to store food, propagate new plants, or discourage predators. Rhizomes, corms, stolons, runners, tubers, bulbs, tendrils, and thorns are examples of modified stems. Q: Dermal, vascular, and ground tissue make up what part of a plant, which bears the leaves, flowers and fruits? A:
OPTIONS:
- root
- flowers
- leaves
- stem
stem

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Methanoic acid and ethanoic acid are also called formic acid and acetic acid, respectively. Formic acid is the compound that makes certain ant bites sting, while acetic acid is the active substance in vinegar. How acidic are carboxylic acids? It turns out that they are not very acidic. No carboxylic acid is on the list of strong acids (Table 12.2 "Strong Acids and Bases"). (For more information about strong acids, see Chapter 12 "Acids and Bases", Section 12.4 "Strong and Weak Acids and Bases and Their Salts". ) This means that all carboxylic acids are weak acids. A 1 M solution of formic acid is only about 1.3% dissociated into H+ ions and formate ions, while a similar solution of acetic acid is ionized by about only 0.4%. Some carboxylic acids are strongerfor example, trichloroacetic acid is about 45% dissociated in aqueous solution. But no carboxylic acid approaches the 100% dissociation amount required by the definition of a strong acid. As their name suggests, however, carboxylic acids do act like acids in the presence of bases. The H atom in the carboxyl group comes off as the H+ ion, leaving acarboxylate anion:. Q: What is the more common term for ethanoic acid, the active substance in vinegar? A:
OPTIONS:
- methyl acid
- amino acid
- polymer acid
- acetic acid

Answer: acetic acid

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The epidermis of the leaf consists of a single layer of tightly-packed dermal cells. They secrete waxy cuticle to prevent evaporation of water from the leaf. The epidermis has tiny pores called stomata (singular, stoma) that control transpiration and gas exchange with the air. Figure below explains how stomata carry out this vital function. Q: The epidermis of the leaf consists of a single layer of which cells? A:
OPTIONS:
- endothermic cells
- insular cells
- chloroplasm
- dermal cells
Answer: dermal cells

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The properties that chemists use to describe matter fall into two general categories. Physical properties are characteristics that describe matter. They include characteristics such as size, shape, color, and mass. Chemical properties are characteristics that describe how matter changes its chemical structure or composition. An example of a chemical property is flammabilitya material's ability to burnbecause burning (also known as combustion) changes the chemical composition of a material. Q: What type of properties are characteristics that describe matter? A:
OPTIONS:
- visible
- thermal
- invisible
- physical
output: physical

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Flatworms The relationships among flatworms, or phylum Platyhelminthes, is being revised and the description here will follow the traditional groupings. Most flatworms are parasitic, including important parasites of humans. Flatworms have three embryonic germ layers that give rise to surfaces covering tissues, internal tissues, and the lining of the digestive system. The epidermal tissue is a single layer of cells or a layer of fused cells covering a layer of circular muscle above a layer of longitudinal muscle. The mesodermal tissues include support cells and secretory cells that secrete mucus and other materials to the surface. The flatworms are acoelomate, so their bodies contain no cavities or spaces between the outer surface and the inner digestive tract. Physiological Processes of Flatworms Free-living species of flatworms are predators or scavengers, whereas parasitic forms feed from the tissues of their hosts. Most flatworms have an incomplete digestive system with an opening, the "mouth," that is also used to expel digestive. Q: Unlike free-living species of flatworms that are predators or scavengers, what forms feed from the tissues of their hosts? A:

OPTIONS:
- aquatic
- mutualistic
- herbiverous
- parasitic

A: parasitic

Answer the following question given this paragraph: A worldwide vaccination campaign by the World Health Organization led to the eradication of smallpox in 1979. Smallpox is a contagious disease unique to humans and is caused by two Variola viruses. The eradication of smallpox was possible because humans are the only carriers of the virus. To this day, smallpox is the only human infectious disease to have been completely eradicated from nature. Scientists are hoping to eradicate polio next. Q: What disease unique to humans and is caused by two variola viruses? A:
OPTIONS:
- AIDS
- diabetes
- ebola
- smallpox
smallpox