In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Example Input: Context: Recent work has identified deficits in dual-task gait balance control for up to 2 months after adolescent concussion; however, how resumption of preinjury physical activities affects recovery is unknown.', 'The objective of this study is to examine how return to activity (RTA) affects recovery from concussion on measures of symptom severity, cognition, and balance control during single-task and dual-task walking.', 'Nineteen adolescents with concussion who returned to preinjury activity within 2 months after injury and 19 uninjured, matched controls completed symptom inventories, computerized cognitive testing, and single-task and dual-task gait analyses. Concussion participants were assessed at five time points: within 72 h, 1 wk, 2 wk, 1 month, and 2 months postinjury. Control participants were assessed at the same time points as their matched concussion counterparts. RTA day was documented as the postinjury day in which physical activity participation was allowed. The effect of returning to physical activity was assessed by examining the percent change on each dependent variable across time before and directly after the RTA. Data were analyzed by two-way mixed effects ANOVAs.', 'After the RTA day, concussion participants significantly increased their total center-of-mass medial/lateral displacement (P = 0.009, p = .175) and peak velocity (P = 0.048, p = 0.104) during dual-task walking when compared with pre-RTA data, whereas no changes for the concussion group or between groups were detected on measures of single-task walking, forward movement, or cognition.\Question: Does return to activity after concussion affect dual-task gait balance control recovery?
Example Output: Adolescents with concussion displayed increased center-of-mass medial/lateral displacement and velocity during dual-task walking after RTA, suggesting a regression of recovery in gait balance control. This study reinforces the need for a multifaceted approach to concussion management and continued monitoring beyond the point of clinical recovery.

Example Input: Context: Recent studies have identified MUC4 mucin as a ligand for activation of ErbB2, a receptor tyrosine kinase that modulates epithelial cell proliferation following epithelial damage in airways of asthmatics. In this study, we investigated the potential role of IL-4, one of the Th2 inflammatory cytokines persistent in asthmatic airways, in regulating MUC4 expression using a cell line NCI-H650.', 'Real time PCR analysis was performed to determine concentration and time dependent effects of IL-4 upon MUC4 expression. Nuclear run on experiments were carried out to explore potential transcriptional modulation. Western blotting experiments using a monoclonal antibody specific to ASGP-2 domain of MUC4 were performed to analyze MUC4 glycoprotein levels in plasma membrane fractions. To analyze potential signal transduction cascades, IL-4 treated confluent cultures were co-incubated, separately with a pan-JAK inhibitor, a JAK-3 selective inhibitor or a MEK-1, 2 (MAPK) inhibitor at various concentrations before MUC4 transcript analysis. Corresponding transcription factor activation was tested by western blotting using a monoclonal p-STAT-6 antibody.', 'MUC4 levels increased in a concentration and time specific fashion reaching peak expression at 2.5 ng/ml and 8 h. Nuclear run on experiments revealed transcriptional enhancement. Corresponding increases in MUC4 glycoprotein levels were observed in plasma membrane fractions. Pan-JAK inhibitor revealed marked reduction in IL-4 stimulated MUC4 levels and JAK3 selective inhibitor down-regulated MUC4 mRNA expression in a concentration-dependent fashion. In accordance with the above observations, STAT-6 activation was detected within 5 minutes of IL-4 stimulus. No effect in MUC4 levels was observed on using a MAPK inhibitor.\Question: Is iL-4 induced MUC4 enhancement in respiratory epithelial cells in vitro mediated through JAK-3 selective signaling?
Example Output: These observations signify a potential role for IL-4 in MUC4 up-regulation in airway epithelia.

Example Input: Context: To compare the temporal and spatial expression patterns of amyloid precursor protein (APP), amyloid-beta deposits, inflammatory chemokines, and apoptosis in the retina of a mouse model of Alzheimer disease (AD).', 'Retinas of transgenic mice harboring a mutant presenilin (PS1) and a mutant APP gene were processed for TUNEL and immunohistochemistry with antibodies against APP, amyloid-beta, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, and F4/80. Comparisons were made between age groups and between transgenic and wild-type congeners.', 'The neuroretina demonstrated age-dependent increases in APP in the ganglion cells (RGCs) and in neurons of the inner nuclear layer (INL). Amyloid-beta demonstrated significant age-dependent deposition in the nerve fiber layer (NFL). TUNEL-positive RGC increased in an age-dependent fashion and in transgenic compared with wild-type congeners. Concomitant overexpression of MCP-1 and intense immunoreactivity for F4/80 suggested that RGCs upregulate MCP-1 in response to amyloid-beta. Activated microglia proliferated in response to MCP-1. In the outer retina, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) demonstrated moderate age-dependent APP immunoreactivity, but nearby drusenlike deposits were not present. Amyloid-beta was observed in the choriocapillaris of the older animals.\Question: Do amyloid-beta deposits lead to retinal degeneration in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease?
Example Output:
Amyloid-beta deposits accumulate with age in the retina of a transgenic mouse model of AD. The amyloid-beta loads are accompanied by increased immunoreactivity for MCP-1, F4/80, and TUNEL-positive profiles in the RGC layer. The results suggest that amyloid-beta causes neurodegeneration in the retina of the doubly mutant transgenic mouse model of AD.