In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

[Q]: Norman and Jensen created triangles in which they plot chemical species according to this quantity. In one model of this quantity, electrons distribute to minimize it. Besides the Allred-Rochow definition, Mulliken's original definition of this quantity involved taking the mean of the(*) electron affinity and the first ionization energy. Dissociation energies between two elements are used to calculate the Pauling scale of this quantity, on which fluorine has the highest value. For 10 points, name this property that refers to an atom's ability to attract electrons.
[A]: Science

[Q]: Racial violence in this city began with the 1909 lynching of William James, as well as the later 1967 murder of black soldier Robert Hunt. Its Chief of Police was shot in 1969 violence stopped when Governor Richard Ogilvie sent in the National Guard. Rooster Cogburn opened a bar here after the Civil War, and it was the inspiration for Eden in Charles Dickens' Martin Chuzzlewit. Stephen Foster wrote a song about being "way down" in this city, which is where Magnolia Manor and Fort Defiance State Park are located. Huck and Jim intend to go to this city to obtain Jim's freedom in Huckleberry Finn, but they end up sailing past it. This city has the lowest elevation of any within Illinois and is located at the confluence of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers. For 10 points, name this southernmost city in Illinois, which shares its name with a city in Egypt.
[A]: History

[Q]: He contrasted the lifestyle of "the fleet nomads of desert lands" with the intellectual ideas of Kotzebue and Schiller in his poem "The Bedouin," and he critiqued Bruno Bauer and the Young Hegelians in a work he co-authored titled The Holy Family. During a trip to Manchester while working for a textile firm he took notes on the working class life that culminated into his first book, The Conditions of the Working Class in England in 1844, and his best known collaboration ends with the section "Private Accumulation" that talks about the "economic original sin" and critiques capitalism. For 10 points, name this philosopher, who edited Das Kapital after Karl Marx's death.
[A]:
Social Science