In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).

Input: Consider Input: Context: Gaul (Latin: "Gallia") was a region of Western Europe during the Iron Age that was inhabited by Celtic tribes, encompassing present day France, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Switzerland, Northern Italy, as well as the parts of the Netherlands, Central Italy and Germany on the west bank of the Rhine. It covered an area of 190,800mi or 494,169km. According to the testimony of Julius Caesar, Gaul was divided into three parts: Gallia Celtica, Belgica and Aquitania.
Archaeologically, the Gauls were bearers of the La Tene culture, which extended across all of Gaul, as well as east to Raetia, Noricum, Pannonia and southwestern Germania during the 5th to 1st centuries BC.
During the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, Gaul fell under Roman rule: Gallia Cisalpina was conquered in 203 BC and Gallia Narbonensis in 123 BC. Gaul was invaded after 120BC by the Cimbri and the Teutons, who were in turn defeated by the Romans by 103BC. Julius Caesar finally subdued the remaining parts of Gaul in his campaigns of 58 to 51BC., Camillo Tanio Boccia (19121982) was an Italian film director and screenwriter active in the 1960s., A film director is a person who directs the making of a film. Generally, a film director controls a film's artistic and dramatic aspects, and visualizes the script while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision. The director has a key role in choosing the cast members, production design, and the creative aspects of filmmaking. Under European Union law, the director is viewed as the author of the film., Caesar the Conqueror ( Italian : Giulio Cesare , il conquistatore delle Gallie ) is a 1962 Italian film directed by Tanio Boccia . The scenario is based on Julius Caesar 's Commentarii de Bello Gallico ., The Gallic Wars were a series of military campaigns waged by the Roman proconsul Julius Caesar against several Gallic tribes. Rome's war against the Gallic tribes lasted from 58 BC to 50 BC and culminated in the decisive Battle of Alesia in 52 BC, in which a complete Roman victory resulted in the expansion of the Roman Republic over the whole of Gaul (mainly present-day France and Belgium). While militarily just as strong as the Romans, the internal division between the Gallic tribes helped ease victory for Caesar, and Vercingetorix's attempt to unite the Gauls against Roman invasion came too late. The wars paved the way for Julius Caesar to become the sole ruler of the Roman Republic., The Roman Empire (Koine and Medieval Greek: , tr. ) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The city of Rome was the largest city in the world BC AD, with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around 500 AD, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time). The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC. Civil wars and executions continued, culminating in the victory of Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt. Octavian's power was then unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title "Augustus", effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic., Commentarii de Bello Gallico, also simply Bellum Gallicum, is Julius Caesar's firsthand account of the Gallic Wars, written as a third-person narrative. In it Caesar describes the battles and intrigues that took place in the nine years he spent fighting the Germanic peoples and Celtic peoples in Gaul that opposed Roman conquest., The Roman Republic was the era of ancient Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire. It was during this period that Rome's control expanded from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world., Gaius Julius Caesar (13 July 100BC 15 March 44BC), known as Julius Caesar, was a Roman politician, general, and notable author of Latin prose. He played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire., Subject: caesar the conqueror, Relation: country_of_origin, Options: (A) africa (B) belgium (C) egypt (D) european union (E) italy (F) luxembourg (G) mediterranean sea (H) roman empire (I) roman republic (J) switzerland (K) western europe

Output: italy

Input: Consider Input: Context: Asset management, broadly defined, refers to any system that monitors and maintains things of value to an entity or group. It may apply to both tangible assets such as buildings and to intangible assets such as human capital, intellectual property, and goodwill and financial assets. Asset management is a systematic process of deploying, operating, maintaining, upgrading, and disposing of assets cost-effectively., Finance is a field that deals with the study of investments. It includes the dynamics of assets and liabilities over time under conditions of different degrees of uncertainty and risk. Finance can also be defined as the science of money management. Finance aims to price assets based on their risk level and their expected rate of return. Finance can be broken into three different sub-categories: public finance, corporate finance and personal finance., In finance, private equity is a type of equity (finance) and one of the asset classes consisting of equity securities and debt in operating companies that are not publicly traded on a stock exchange., Skane County, sometimes referred to as "Scania County" in English, is the southernmost county or "lan", of Sweden, basically corresponding to the traditional province Skane. It borders the counties of Halland, Kronoberg and Blekinge. The seat of residence for the Skane Governor is the town of Malmo. The headquarters of Skane Regional Council is the town of Kristianstad., Eslov Municipality ("Eslovs kommun") is one of 290 municipalities of Sweden, situated in Skane County in southern Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Eslov., Sweden, officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Oresund. At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area, with a total population of 10.0 million. Sweden consequently has a low population density of , with the highest concentration in the southern half of the country. Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas., A financier is a person who makes their living from investments, typically involving large sums of money and usually involving private equity and venture capital, mergers and acquisitions, leveraged buyouts, corporate finance, investment banking, or large-scale asset management. The term is French, and derives from "finance" or "payment"., Eslov is a town and the seat of Eslov Municipality, Skane County, Sweden with 17,748 inhabitants in 2010., An investment bank is typically a private company that provides various financial-related and other services to individuals, corporations, and governments such as raising financial capital by underwriting or acting as the client's agent in the issuance of securities. An investment bank may also assist companies involved in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and provide ancillary services such as market making, trading of derivatives and equity securities, and FICC services (fixed income instruments, currencies, and commodities)., Nils Wilhelm Erik Penser ( born August 22 , 1942 , in Eslov , Skane ) is a Swedish financier and businessman . After having studied law at Lund University , Erik Penser commenced a career as a stockbroker at Bankirfirman Langenskiold , which later became Carnegie Investment Bank . Together with Thomas Fischer he worked intensively to develop the firm 's business , laying the foundation for his private wealth . Penser 's strategy was risky ; he bought shares , used them as collateral and borrowed even more money to leverage his holdings . Eventually he gained the controlling interest of several large companies on the Stockholm Stock Exchange . During the 1980s Penser was one of Sweden 's most influential businessmen . Through his holding company , Yggdrasil , he controlled both Nobel Industrier and Finans AB Gamlestaden . His massive financial leverage and the harsh business environment experienced during the Swedish banking crisis in 1990 - 1994 forced Penser to cease control of his holdings , which were sold to Nordbanken ( which became Nordea ) for the symbolic sum of SEK 1 each . At a press conference Bjorn Wahlstrom , the chairman of Nordbanken , said that Erik Penser was ' destitute and finished as a businessman ' . The transaction resulted in a prolonged legal dispute between Penser and Nordbanken . In 1992 Penser regained control of Yggdrasil , the consideration was once again SEK 1 . The vice Chairman of Nordbanken , Jacob Palmstierna , admitted that Penser had been under extreme pressure when he was forced to sign the agreement with Nordbanken . Since then Penser has rebuilt an estimated net worth of SEK 1 billion , with interests in both Sweden and abroad . In Sweden , his main holdings includes Erik Penser Bankaktiebolag , with activities in corporate finance , trading , research and private wealth management and Pensum , an insurance and pension advisory firm . Erik Penser resides , since 1976 , in Compton Beauchamp , England . Erik Penser is known as a distinguished collector , collecting - amongst many objects - old share certificates , film posters , magazines and bank notes ., A leveraged buyout (LBO) is a financial transaction in which a company is purchased with a combination of equity and debt, such that the company's cash flow is the collateral used to secure and repay the borrowed money. The use of debt, which has a lower cost of capital than equity, serves to reduce the overall cost of financing the acquisition. This reduced cost of financing allows greater gains to accrue to the equity, and, as a result, the debt serves as a lever to increase the returns to the equity., Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are transactions in which the ownership of companies, other business organizations or their operating units are transferred or combined. As an aspect of strategic management, M&A can allow enterprises to grow, shrink, change the nature of their business or competitive position., Venture capital (VC) is a type of private equity, a form of financing that is provided by firms or funds to small, early-stage, emerging firms that are deemed to have high growth potential, or which have demonstrated high growth (in terms of number of employees, annual revenue, or both). Venture capital firms or funds invest in these early-stage companies in exchange for equityan ownership stakein the companies they invest in. Venture capitalists take on the risk of financing risky start-ups in the hopes that some of the firms they support will become successful. The start-ups are usually based on an innovative technology or business model and they are usually from the high technology industries, such as information technology (IT), social media or biotechnology., Subject: erik penser, Relation: place_of_birth, Options: (A) blekinge (B) council (C) denmark (D) eslov (E) eslov municipality (F) malmo (G) norway (H) of (I) scania (J) skane county (K) sweden (L) time

Output: scania

Input: Consider Input: Context: Mathematics (from Greek "mathma", knowledge, study, learning) is the study of topics such as quantity (numbers), structure, space, and change. There is a range of views among mathematicians and philosophers as to the exact scope and definition of mathematics., Quantity is a property that can exist as a magnitude or multitude. Quantities can be compared in terms of "more", "less", or "equal", or by assigning a numerical value in terms of a unit of measurement. Quantity is among the basic classes of things along with quality, substance, change, and relation. Some quantities are such by their inner nature (as number), while others are functioning as states (properties, dimensions, attributes) of things such as heavy and light, long and short, broad and narrow, small and great, or much and little. A small quantity is sometimes referred to as a quantulum., In neuropsychology, linguistics and the philosophy of language, a natural language or ordinary language is any language that has evolved naturally in humans through use and repetition without conscious planning or premeditation. Natural languages can take different forms, such as speech, signing, or writing. They are distinguished from constructed and formal languages such as those used to program computers or to study logic., In mathematics , and more specifically in naive set theory , the domain of definition ( or simply the domain ) of a function is the set of '' input '' or argument values for which the function is defined . That is , the function provides an '' output '' or value for each member of the domain . Conversely , the set of values the function takes on as output is termed the image of the function , which is sometimes also referred to as the range of the function . For instance , the domain of cosine is the set of all real numbers , while the domain of the square root consists only of numbers greater than or equal to 0 ( ignoring complex numbers in both cases ) . When the domain of a function is a subset of the real numbers , and the function is represented in an xy Cartesian coordinate system , the domain is represented on the x-axis ., Set theory is a branch of mathematical logic that studies sets, which informally are collections of objects. Although any type of object can be collected into a set, set theory is applied most often to objects that are relevant to mathematics. The language of set theory can be used in the definitions of nearly all mathematical objects., Space is the boundless three-dimensional extent in which objects and events have relative position and direction. Physical space is often conceived in three linear dimensions, although modern physicists usually consider it, with time, to be part of a boundless four-dimensional continuum known as spacetime. The concept of space is considered to be of fundamental importance to an understanding of the physical universe. However, disagreement continues between philosophers over whether it is itself an entity, a relationship between entities, or part of a conceptual framework., A definition is a statement of the meaning of a term (a word, phrase, or other set of symbols). Definitions can be classified into two large categories, intensional definitions (which try to give the essence of a term) and extensional definitions (which proceed by listing the objects that a term describes). Another important category of definitions is the class of ostensive definitions, which convey the meaning of a term by pointing out examples. A term may have many different senses and multiple meanings, and thus require multiple definitions., Naive set theory is one of several theories of sets used in the discussion of the foundations of mathematics. Unlike axiomatic set theories, which are defined using a formal logic, naive set theory is defined informally, in natural language. It describes the aspects of mathematical sets familiar in discrete mathematics (for example Venn diagrams and symbolic reasoning about their Boolean algebra), and suffices for the everyday usage of set theory concepts in contemporary mathematics., Foundations of mathematics is the study of the philosophical and logical and/or algorithmic basis of mathematics, or, in a broader sense, the mathematical investigation of what underlies the philosophical theories concerning the nature of mathematics. In this latter sense, the distinction between foundations of mathematics and philosophy of mathematics turns out to be quite vague.
Foundations of mathematics can be conceived as the study of the basic mathematical concepts (number, geometrical figure, set, function, etc.) and how they form hierarchies of more complex structures and concepts, especially the fundamentally important structures that form the language of mathematics (formulas, theories and their models giving a meaning to formulas, definitions, proofs, algorithms, etc.) also called metamathematical concepts, with an eye to the philosophical aspects and the unity of mathematics. The search for foundations of mathematics is a central question of the philosophy of mathematics; the abstract nature of mathematical objects presents special philosophical challenges., A Venn diagram (also called a set diagram or logic diagram) is a diagram that shows all possible logical relations between a finite collection of different sets. These diagrams depict elements as points in the plane, and sets as regions inside closed curves. A Venn diagram consists of multiple overlapping closed curves, usually circles, each representing a set. The points inside a curve labelled "S" represent elements of the set "S", while points outside the boundary represent elements not in the set "S". Thus, for example, the set of all elements that are members of both sets "S" and "T", "S""T", is represented visually by the area of overlap of the regions "S" and "T". In Venn diagrams the curves are overlapped in every possible way, showing all possible relations between the sets. They are thus a special case of Euler diagrams, which do not necessarily show all relations. Venn diagrams were conceived around 1880 by John Venn. They are used to teach elementary set theory, as well as illustrate simple set relationships in probability, logic, statistics, linguistics and computer science., Discrete mathematics is the study of mathematical structures that are fundamentally discrete rather than continuous. In contrast to real numbers that have the property of varying "smoothly", the objects studied in discrete mathematics such as integers, graphs, and statements in logic do not vary smoothly in this way, but have distinct, separated values. Discrete mathematics therefore excludes topics in "continuous mathematics" such as calculus and analysis. Discrete objects can often be enumerated by integers. More formally, discrete mathematics has been characterized as the branch of mathematics dealing with countable sets (sets that have the same cardinality as subsets of the natural numbers, including rational numbers but not real numbers). However, there is no exact definition of the term "discrete mathematics." Indeed, discrete mathematics is described less by what is included than by what is excluded: continuously varying quantities and related notions., Subject: domain of a function, Relation: instance_of, Options: (A) algebra (B) area (C) boolean algebra (D) branch (E) change (F) complex (G) computer (H) concept (I) definition (J) diagram (K) direction (L) four (M) framework (N) function (O) humans (P) language (Q) logic (R) magnitude (S) mathematics (T) may (U) natural language (V) ordinary (W) part (X) philosophy (Y) phrase (Z) planning ([) property (\) quality (]) quantity (^) science (_) sense (') set (a) set theory (b) show (c) space (d) statement (e) study (f) three (g) two (h) word
Output: concept