Answer the following question given this paragraph: muscle cells of the uterus become more sensitive to its effects. Oxytocin is continually released throughout childbirth through a positive feedback mechanism. As noted earlier, oxytocin prompts uterine contractions that push the fetal head toward the cervix. In response, cervical stretching stimulates additional oxytocin to be synthesized by the hypothalamus and released from the pituitary. This increases the intensity and effectiveness of uterine contractions and prompts additional dilation of the cervix. The feedback loop continues until birth. Although the mother's high blood levels of oxytocin begin to decrease immediately following birth, oxytocin continues to play a role in maternal and newborn health. First, oxytocin is necessary for the milk ejection reflex (commonly referred to as "let-down") in breastfeeding women. As the newborn begins suckling, sensory receptors in the nipples transmit signals to the hypothalamus. In response, oxytocin is secreted and released into the bloodstream. Within seconds, cells in the mother's milk ducts contract, ejecting milk into the infant's mouth. Secondly, in both males and females, oxytocin is thought to contribute to parentnewborn bonding, known as attachment. Oxytocin is also thought to be involved in feelings of love and closeness, as well as in the sexual response. Q: What is continually released during childbirth through a positive feedback mechanism and prompts uterine contractions to fetal head toward the cervix? Choices: - hemoglobin - insulin - vasopressin - oxytocin A:
oxytocin
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Mucosal Immune System The innate and adaptive immune responses compose the systemic immune system (affecting the whole body), which is distinct from the mucosal immune system. Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is a crucial component of a functional immune system because mucosal surfaces, such as the nasal passages, are the first tissues onto which inhaled or ingested pathogens are deposited. The mucosal tissue includes the mouth, pharynx, and esophagus, and the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urogenital tracts. Mucosal immunity is formed by MALT, which functions independently of the systemic immune system, and which has its own innate and adaptive components. MALT is a collection of lymphatic tissue that combines with epithelial tissue lining the mucosa throughout the body. This tissue functions as the immune barrier and response in areas of the body with direct contact to the external environment. The systemic and mucosal immune systems use many of the same cell types. Foreign particles that make their way to MALT are taken up by absorptive epithelial cells and delivered to APCs located directly below the mucosal tissue. APCs of the mucosal immune system are primarily dendritic cells, with B cells and macrophages. Q: What is a collection of lymphatic tissue that combines with epithelial tissue lining the mucosa throughout the body? Choices: - unassociated lymphoid tissue - spheroids associated lymphoid tissue ( malt ) - cottony associated lymphoid tissue ( malt ) - mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (malt) A:
mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (malt)
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Prior to ovulation, ovarian steroid hormones stimulate the uterus to prepare for support of what? Choices: - fertilization - fetus - childbirth - embryo A:
A: embryo
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: The logistics of carrying out cellular metabolism sets limits on what physical property of the cell? Choices: - surface - composition - layer - size A:
Answer: size
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: 28.5 Adjustments of the Infant at Birth and Postnatal Stages The first breath a newborn takes at birth inflates the lungs and dramatically alters the circulatory system, closing the three shunts that directed oxygenated blood away from the lungs and liver during fetal life. Clamping and cutting the umbilical cord collapses the three umbilical blood vessels. The proximal umbilical arteries remain a part of the circulatory system, whereas the distal umbilical arteries and the umbilical vein become fibrotic. The newborn keeps warm by breaking down brown adipose tissue in the process of nonshivering thermogenesis. The first consumption of breast milk or formula floods the newborn's sterile gastrointestinal tract with beneficial bacteria that eventually establish themselves as the bacterial flora, which aid in digestion. Q: The first consumption of breast milk or formula floods the newborn's sterile gastrointestinal tract with beneficial what? Choices: - disease - oxygen - pathogens - bacteria A:
**Answer**
bacteria
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: rem = rad factor where factor is a number greater than or equal to 1 that takes into account the type of radioactive emission and sometimes the type of tissue being exposed. For beta particles, the factor equals 1. For alpha particles striking most tissues, the factor is 10, but for eye tissue the factor is 30. Most radioactive emissions that people are exposed to are on the order of a few dozen millirems (mrem) or less; a medical X-ray is about 20 mrem. A sievert (Sv) is a related unit and is defined as 100 rem. What is a person's annual exposure to radioactivity and radiation? Table 15.3 "Average Annual Radiation Exposure (Approximate)" lists the sources and annual amounts of radiation exposure. It may surprise you to learn that fully 82% of the radioactivity and radiation exposure we receive is from natural sources sources we cannot avoid. Fully 10% of the exposure comes from our own bodieslargely from carbon-14 and potassium-40. Table 15.3 Average Annual Radiation Exposure (Approximate). Q: Most radioactive emissions that people are exposed to are on the order of a few dozen what? Choices: - ticks - micrograms - millivolts - millirems A:
A: millirems