Problem: Article: When your cat scratches the couch, it also secretes oils and scent markings through glands in its paws. Since your cat scratches in part to mark its territory, it will return to the couch to renew that scent. Enzymatic pet-odor removers can help eliminate the scent. You can buy these sprays online, or at a pet supply store. Don't waste your money on deodorizers that only mask the scent but won't eliminate the enzymes that cause the scent only your cat can smell. Materials such as double-sided tape, aluminum foil, and sandpaper will make scratching your couch difficult or uncomfortable for your cat. If you place them where your cat normally scratches, your cat will avoid those spots. It might take anywhere from several weeks to several months before your cat stops trying to scratch your couch. Leave these items on the couch as long as possible, then remove them slowly, an item at a time. If you find the items unsightly and want to remove them when you have guests over, make sure you replace them as soon as possible, or your cat may try to scratch the couch again. Like undesirable items, unpleasant smells will cause your cat to avoid the area surrounding the couch. This may prevent inappropriate scratching. Fortunately, many of these smells, such as menthol and citrus, are not unpleasant to people. A cotton ball soaked in perfume or cologne might also work as a deterrent. Remember that cats' noses are more sensitive than yours you don't need an overwhelming amount to deter your cat. If you're using an unpleasant smell as a deterrent, don't place your cat's scratching post too close to the couch. If the scratching post has the same unpleasant smell, your cat won't use it either, thus defeating the purpose. Physical punishment doesn't work with cats, because your cat won't associate what you're doing with the act of scratching the couch. Although it may help relieve some of your frustration, your cat will get angry with you and may not trust you. Over time, this can do serious damage to your relationship with your pet. Even if your cat does associate the physical punishment with scratching the couch, it will simply wait until you're not around to scratch the couch. This continues the behavior while avoiding the negative consequence.
Summary: Spray your couch with an enzymatic cleaner to remove your cat's scent. Place undesirable items on the couch to prevent scratching. Surround your couch with smells that are unpleasant to cats. Refrain from physically punishing your cat.

Problem: Article: It's usually in the top row of keys. This takes a snapshot of the entire screen and copies it to the clipboard. If you're using Windows XP, see the Using Windows XP method. Depending on your laptop, the PrtScr key may be shared with another key, such as one of the F keys. If this is the case, you'll usually have to press another button that says Fn as you press PrtScr. This opens Microsoft Paint, an image-editing program from which you can print the screenshot. The Paste option is on the "Clipboard" panel in the toolbar along the top. You will now see your screenshot in MS Paint. The screenshot is now saved as an image file. If you'd like to send a copy of the image to your printer, follow these steps: Click the File menu. It's at the top-left corner of the app. Click Print. Select your printer if it's not already selected. Click Print.
Summary: Press the PrtScr key on your keyboard. Open the Start menu and click All Programs. Click the Accessories menu and select Paint. Click the Home tab and select Paste. Click the File menu and select Save. Name the file and click Save. Print the screenshot.

Problem: Article: After putting on the breastfeeding nipple shield, the next step is to position your infant properly. Proper positioning and latching is as important as placing the nipple shield on correctly. If your infant is not positioned properly, the sucking mechanism may not be enough for your infant to get milk and will require more force from your infant to suck, which consequently makes your infant tired and hungry. If your infant is too far or too low or too high from your nipples, your nipples may get sore because they will be forced to stretch while your child has to suck harder. By doing this, your infant will be at a level where he is not too low or too high for your breasts. This position is also more likely to be comfortable for you because you will not have to carry your infant high up on your arms. Remember to bring your infant towards you as you place your infant's head near your breast. Do not move towards your infant as this will cause excess strain on you. Remain in an upright position. Once you are positioned stomach to stomach and you are sitting in an upright position, make sure that your infant's hip, shoulder, and ear are aligned. This will help your baby to swallow more easily. Check that your infant's nose is opposite your breastfeeding nipple. This position will allow for easier latching. Next is guiding the infant to your breasts. Once your infant's nose is aligned with your breastfeeding nipple, you should form your right hand (if using the left nipple, or left hand if using the right nipple) into a C shape that fits snuggly into the side of your breast. By holding the breast in a C shape, you will not be interfering with the already positioned head and body of your infant. Also, by using a C shape to grasp your breast, you will not be touching the nipple and disrupting the nipple shield. While you are in the C grasp position, you can now move the nipple closer to your infant's nose or upper lip. Do not move it towards the center of your baby's mouth. Moving the nipple directly into the center of your baby's mouth does not ensure that his mouth will open. Rubbing the nipple against your infant's top lip will make your infant more likely to open his mouth. Once the infant has opened his mouth, place the nipple inside it ensuring that the lower areola is also included. Once properly latched in place, the next step is to check the infant's "latch" to the breastfeeding shield. Your infant's mouth should not be close to the edge of the nipple but should be taking in as much of the breastfeeding nipple shield as possible. This will ensure that your infant will be able to suck as much breast milk as he can. The infant will stop feeding on his own when there is no more breast milk or when he is full. Using a nipple shield takes longer than breastfeeding without one because the infant will need to forcefully suck more than necessary because the nipple shield is a bit tougher than your natural nipple. After feeding, ensure that the breasts are adequately drained of milk as well to avoid breast engorgement by manually pressing the breasts. If there is still milk, a breast pump might be required to manually drain the breasts of milk.
Summary:
Understand the importance of positioning your infant correctly. Align your stomach with the infant's stomach. Ensure that the baby's hip, shoulder and ear are aligned. Form a C-shape with your hand and hold your breast. Guide the nipple into your baby's mouth. Allow the baby to latch onto the nipple shield. Understand that breastfeeding with a nipple shield will take longer than normal.