Problem: I read this background article the other day: New species develop naturally through the process of natural selection . Due to natural selection, organisms with traits that better enable them to adapt to their environment will tend to survive and reproduce in greater numbers. Natural selection causes beneficial heritable traits to become more common in a population and unfavorable heritable traits to become less common. For example, a giraffe's neck is beneficial because it allows the giraffe to reach leaves high in trees. Natural selection caused this beneficial trait to become more common than short necks. I am facing a new situation today: Two different islands had animals evolving in different ways. Big island had new species develop naturally through natural selection, while Low island did not. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which island had animals reproduce in greater numbers?

A: Big

Problem: I read this background article the other day: Magnetism is due to the movement of electrons within atoms of matter. When electrons spin around the nucleus of an atom, it causes the atom to become a tiny magnet, with north and south poles and a magnetic field. In most materials, the electrons orbiting the nuclei of the atoms are arranged in such a way that the materials have no magnetic properties. Also, in most types of matter, the north and south poles of atoms point in all different directions, so overall the matter is not magnetic. Examples of nonmagnetic materials include wood, glass, plastic, paper, copper, and aluminum. These materials are not attracted to magnets and cannot become magnets. I am facing a new situation today: Andy has a refrigerator in his house with lots of magnets on it as decorations. One day while playing with and rearranging them he decided to see what other metals around his kitchen they would stick to. The things he had available were copper pots and pans, aluminum foil and some wooden spatulas. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Given Andy puts a magnet on the aluminum, will it have a magnetic attraction or no attraction?

A: no attraction

Problem: I read this background article the other day: You don't have to suffer through an infection to gain immunity to some diseases. Immunity can also come about by vaccination. Vaccination is the process of exposing a person to pathogens on purpose so the person will develop immunity to them. In vaccination, the pathogens are usually injected under the skin. Only part of the pathogens are injected, or else weakened or dead pathogens are used. This causes an immune response without causing the disease. Diseases you are likely to have been vaccinated against include measles, mumps, and chicken pox. I am facing a new situation today: Two families thought differently about vaccinations. Dean family vaccinated their children while Moore family didn't. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which family didn't get an immune response without getting the disease?

A: Moore

Problem: I read this background article the other day: Alcoholic beverages do not make the entire body warmer.[361] The reason that alcoholic drinks create the sensation of warmth is that they cause blood vessels to dilate and stimulate nerve endings near the surface of the skin with an influx of warm blood. This can actually result in making the core body temperature lower, as it allows for easier heat exchange with a cold external environment. I am facing a new situation today: A research institute is investigating the effect of alcohol in human body. They gave two groups of subjects, group blue and group red, two different drinks, labeled as blue drink and red drink. The blue drink contained alcohol, and the red drink did not contain any alcohol. Blue drinks were given to the blue group and the red drinks were given to the red group. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Would blue group have more or less warm blood near the surface of the skin than red group?

A:
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