Given a scientific passage and an answer, generate a question for the given answer.

Q: Passage: The Sun gives off energy in tiny packets called photons . Photons travel in waves. Figure below models a wave of light. Notice the wavelength in the figure. Waves with shorter wavelengths have more energy. Answer: photons

A: What are the tiny packets of energy the sun gives off called?
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Q: Passage: You can't go to the mantle but small pieces of the mantle can come to you. Kimberlite forms deep in the mantle and is erupted violently into the crust. Kimberlite can contain diamonds. Most kimberlites reached the surface much earlier in Earth history. Answer: crust

A: What is the upper most level of earth's layers called?
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Q: Passage: The rise in greenhouse gases due to human actions is too much of a good thing. It increases the greenhouse effect and causes Earth's average temperature to rise. Rising global temperatures, in turn, are melting polar ice caps and glaciers. Figure below shows how much smaller the Arctic ice cap was in 2012 than it was in 1984. With more liquid water on Earth's surface, sea levels are rising. Answer: it increases

A:
The rise in greenhouse gases has what effect on the temperature of earth?
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