Q: The University of Toronto (U of T, UToronto, or Toronto) is a public research university in Toronto, Ontario, Canada on the grounds that surround Queen's Park. It was founded by royal charter in 1827 as "King's College", the first institution of higher learning in the colony of Upper Canada. Originally controlled by the Church of England, the university assumed the present name in 1850 upon becoming a secular institution. As a collegiate university, it comprises twelve colleges, which differ in character and history, each with substantial autonomy on financial and institutional affairs. It has two satellite campuses in Scarborough and Mississauga.

Academically, the University of Toronto is noted for influential movements and curricula in literary criticism and communication theory, known collectively as the Toronto School. The university was the birthplace of insulin and stem cell research, and was the site of the first practical electron microscope, the development of multi-touch technology, the identification of the first black hole Cygnus X-1, and the development of the theory of NP-completeness. By a significant margin, it receives the most annual scientific research funding of any Canadian university. It is one of two members of the Association of American Universities outside the United States, the other being McGill University in Montreal.

Answer the following questions:
1. what is the name of the school?
2. does it have alternate accepted names?
3. how many?
4. what are they?
5. when did they decide on the current name?
6. what was it called before that?
7. when was it founded?
8. who had original control of it?
9. is it still religious?
10. what type of modern research was born there?
11. what type of lab equipment used for seeing invisible thing was first developed there?
12. what type of technology are they credited with developing?
13. do they get a lot of funding?
14. what non-Canadian Association are they a member of?
15. are any other Canadian schools a member?
16. what one?
17. what city is the school in?
18. where is UofT located?
19. do they have any offsite facilities?
A: 1. The University of Toronto
2. Yes
3. Three
4. U of T, UToronto, or Toronto
5. 1850
6. King's College
7. 1827
8. Church of England,
9. Yes
10. tem cell research
11. electron microscope
12. multi-touch technology
13. Yes
14. Association of American Universities
15. Yes
16. McGill University
17. Montreal.
18. Toronto
19. Yes
Q: A couple of years ago, before a trip to China, Nicole Davis and her US women's volleyball teammates were warned about the prominence (, ) of coach "Jenny" Lang Ping in her native country. "I was pushed over by Chinese journalists while I was just trying to put my luggage on the bus," said Davis. Known as the "Iron Hammer" for her punishing spikes , Lang made it possible for China to dominate in the sport in the early 1980s. She was a key player on China's 1984 Olympic gold medal winning team. When the US team arrived for the Olympics, Lang, 48, who is from Beijing, had to take a different route to avoid a crowd of reporters and fans. Then came the greatest moment to Lang:while the US team was playing in a packed gym, at least 8,000 Chinese fans _ an American flag. "That really says it all," Davis said. "They look at her as an icon .I'm sure it's hard for them to see her coaching another country, but they love her so deeply that her success is their success." The loyalty of the Chinese fans was tested on Friday, when China lost a match to the US. "It's a pity that China lost the match, but I'm still glad that Lang Ping's team won, since she is the pride of China's volleyball," said Liu Chengli, a spectator. "We also cheered for Lang's victory." Lang said she just tried to stay professional when the two teams meet. "It doesn't matter if we play China or any other team. It's the same." Lang said. Davis said she and her teammates could not have imagined the passion for volleyball among Chinese because the sport was lack of popularity in the US. The reception from Chinese fans has touched the US players, said a US volleyball player Lindsey Berg. "It's such an honor to be here and play for our coach here in China," she said. "The amount of support that the Chinese give to her and us has been tremendous. The whole event has been unbelievable."

Answer the following questions:
1. Who is known s the "iron hammer"?
2. For what?
3. In what sport?
4. Who was knocked over?
5. by who?
6. Who were they trying to get to?
7. What team was she a very important part of?
8. Did they win the bronze?
9. What did they win?
10. Did the crowd welcome her?
11. How many were in the gym?
12. What were thay holding?
13. Was there a flag on display?
14. Did China win the game against the U S?
15. Is the sport one of the favorites in America?
16. How do the Chinese feel about it?
17. Did they support her during the game?
18. How did she try to act during the game?
19. Who was surprised about the Chinese reaction to the game?
20. Who is Lindsey Berg?
A: 1. Jenny Lang Ping
2. Her spikes.
3. Volleyball
4. Nicole Davis
5. Chinese journalists
6. Jenny Lang Ping
7. China's Olympic Team
8. No
9. Gold medal.
10. Yes
11. At least 8,000 fans
12. unknown
13. Yes
14. No
15. No
16. Passionate
17. hen the US team arrived for the Olympics, Lang, 48, who is from Beijing, had to take a different route to avoid a crowd of reporters and fans. Then came the greatest moment to Lang:while the US team was playing in a packed gym, at least 8,000 Chinese fans _ an American flag.
18. Tried to stay professional.
19. Davis and her teammates
20. Volleyball player
Q: East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; , DDR), was a socialist state in Central Europe, during the Cold War period. From 1949 to 1990, it administered the region of Germany that was occupied by Soviet forces at the end of World War IIthe Soviet Occupation Zone of the Potsdam Agreement, bounded on the east by the OderNeisse line. The Soviet zone surrounded West Berlin, but did not include it; as a result, West Berlin remained outside the jurisdiction of the GDR. The German Democratic Republic was established in the Soviet Zone, while the Federal Republic was established in the three western zones. East Germany, which lies culturally in Central Germany, was a satellite state of the Soviet Union. Soviet occupation authorities began transferring administrative responsibility to German communist leaders in 1948, and the GDR began to function as a state on 7 October 1949. Soviet forces, however, remained in the country throughout the Cold War. Until 1989, the GDR was governed by the Socialist Unity Party (SED), though other parties nominally participated in its alliance organisation, the National Front of Democratic Germany. The SED made the teaching of Marxism-Leninism and the Russian language compulsory in schools.

The economy was centrally planned, and increasingly state-owned. Prices of basic goods and services were set by central government planners, rather than rising and falling through supply and demand. Although the GDR had to pay substantial war reparations to the USSR, it became the most successful economy in the Eastern Bloc. Nonetheless it did not match the economic growth of West Germany. Emigration to the West was a significant problem - as many of the emigrants were well-educated young people, it further weakened the state economically. The government fortified its western borders and, in 1961, built the Berlin Wall. Many people attempting to flee were killed by border guards or booby traps, such as landmines.

Answer the following questions:
1. What's the official name of East Germany?
2. What is its German acronym?
3. What type of government did it have?
4. Which region of Europe is it in?
5. How long did it exist?
6. Who occupied its land before that?
7. At the end of which conflict?
8. Was West Berlin part of the country?
9. What did other parts of Germany become?
10. How many other zones were there?
11. Who controlled East Germany?
12. Was the Russian army stationed there?
13. For how long?
14. What was built in 1961?
15. Who built it?
16. What problems did the state have?
17. Where?
18. How did that hurt it?
19. Did they learn Russian in school?
20. Which party ran the country for most of the time?
A:
1. German Democratic Republic
2. DDR
3. socialist
4. central
5. 1949 to 1990
6. Soviet forces
7. World War II
8. no
9. the Federal Republic
10. three
11. Soviet Union.
12. Soviet forces, however, remained in the country throughout the Cold War
13. throughout the Cold War
14. the Berlin Wall
15. The East German government
16. emigration
17. to the West
18. it weakened it economically
19. yes
20. the Socialist Unity Party