Problem: I read this background article the other day: Sometimes muscles and tendons get injured when a person starts doing an activity before they have warmed up properly. A warm up is a slow increase in the intensity of a physical activity that prepares muscles for an activity. Warming up increases the blood flow to the muscles and increases the heart rate. Warmed-up muscles and tendons are less likely to get injured. For example, before running or playing soccer, a person might jog slowly to warm muscles and increase their heart rate. Even elite athletes need to warm up ( Figure below ). I am facing a new situation today: Two teams were competing in a 5 km race. White team warmed up before the race, but Blue team arrived with a bus late and didn't have time to warm up properly before the race. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which team had more athletes with increased blood flow to the muscles before the race?

A: White

Problem: I read this background article the other day: Medical research on the effects of excessive light on the human body suggests that a variety of adverse health effects may be caused by light pollution or excessive light exposure, and some lighting design textbooks[33] use human health as an explicit criterion for proper interior lighting. Health effects of over-illumination or improper spectral composition of light may include: increased headache incidence, worker fatigue, medically defined stress, decrease in sexual function and increase in anxiety.[34][35][36][37] Likewise, animal models have been studied demonstrating unavoidable light to produce adverse effect on mood and anxiety.[38] For those who need to be awake at night, light at night also has an acute effect on alertness and mood.[39] I am facing a new situation today: Two friends, John and Abe, worked at the same warehouse. John was exposed to very strong light all the time, while Abe worked in a more normal environment. John started experiencing health problems after a while. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which worker was influenced less by improper spectral composition, John or Abe?

A: Abe

Problem: I read this background article the other day: Saturated hydrocarbons are given the general name of alkanes . The name of specific alkanes always ends in ane . The first part of the name indicates how many carbon atoms each molecule of the alkane has. The smallest alkane is methane. It has just one carbon atom. The next largest is ethane with two carbon atoms. The chemical formulas and properties of methane, ethane, and other small alkanes are listed in the Table below . The boiling and melting points of alkanes are determined mainly by the number of carbon atoms they have. Alkanes with more carbon atoms generally boil and melt at higher temperatures. I am facing a new situation today: Two sisters Mary and Beth were into sciences. Beth studied physics, while Mary studied chemistry and especially alkanes. They were very devoted to studying. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which sister studied less about the melting points of alkanes?

A: Beth

Problem: I read this background article the other day: Making these healthy lifestyle choices can also help prevent some types of cancer. In addition, you can lower the risk of cancer by avoiding carcinogens , which are substances that cause cancer. For example, you can reduce your risk of lung cancer by not smoking. You can reduce your risk of skin cancer by using sunscreen. How to choose a sunscreen that offers the most protection is explained below ( Figure below ). Some people think that tanning beds are a safe way to get a tan. This is a myth. Tanning beds expose the skin to UV radiation. Any exposure to UV radiation increases the risk of skin cancer. It doesn't matter whether the radiation comes from tanning lamps or the sun. I am facing a new situation today: Two high school buddies, Dan and Bob, had very different lifestyles 30 years later. Dan made only healthy lifestyle choices, was vegan. Bob ate meat, cheese and didn't care about his health and didn't protect himself. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which man did not prevent cancer by making healthy lifestyle choices?

A:
Bob