Problem: Russian is notable for its distinction based on palatalization of most of the consonants. While /k/, //, /x/ do have palatalized allophones [k, , x], only /k/ might be considered a phoneme, though it is marginal and generally not considered distinctive (the only native minimal pair which argues for /k/ to be a separate phoneme is " " ([t tkt], 'it weaves')/" " ([tt kot], 'this cat')). Palatalization means that the center of the tongue is raised during and after the articulation of the consonant. In the case of /t/ and /d/, the tongue is raised enough to produce slight frication (affricate sounds). These sounds: /t, d, ts, s, z, n and r/ are dental, that is pronounced with the tip of the tongue against the teeth rather than against the alveolar ridge.
What is palatalization?
The answer is the following: the center of the tongue is raised during and after the articulation of the consonant

Problem: Population geneticists have debated whether the concept of population can provide a basis for a new conception of race. In order to do this, a working definition of population must be found. Surprisingly, there is no generally accepted concept of population that biologists use. Although the concept of population is central to ecology, evolutionary biology and conservation biology, most definitions of population rely on qualitative descriptions such as "a group of organisms of the same species occupying a particular space at a particular time" Waples and Gaggiotti identify two broad types of definitions for populations; those that fall into an ecological paradigm, and those that fall into an evolutionary paradigm. Examples of such definitions are:
What do most definitions of population rely on?
The answer is the following: qualitative descriptions

Problem: Of approximately 100 million native speakers of German in the world, roughly 80 million consider themselves Germans.[citation needed] There are an additional 80 million people of German ancestry mainly in the United States, Brazil (mainly in the South Region of the country), Argentina, Canada, South Africa, the post-Soviet states (mainly in Russia and Kazakhstan), and France, each accounting for at least 1 million.[note 2] Thus, the total number of Germans lies somewhere between 100 and more than 150 million, depending on the criteria applied (native speakers, single-ancestry ethnic Germans, partial German ancestry, etc.).
How many people in the world claim to be from German ancestry?
The answer is the following: 100 and more than 150 million

Problem: Shell was vertically integrated and is active in every area of the oil and gas industry, including exploration and production, refining, distribution and marketing, petrochemicals, power generation and trading. It has minor renewable energy activities in the form of biofuels and wind. It has operations in over 90 countries, produces around 3.1 million barrels of oil equivalent per day and has 44,000 service stations worldwide. Shell Oil Company, its subsidiary in the United States, is one of its largest businesses.
What is the name of Shell's subsidiary in the United States?
The answer is the following:
Shell Oil Company