instruction:
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
question:
Episodic memory enables us to consciously recollect personally experienced past events. Memory performance is reduced in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), an at-risk condition for Alzheimer's disease (AD).", 'We used functional MRI (fMRI) to compare brain activity during memory encoding in 29 healthy elderly subjects (mean age 67.7 (SD 5.4) years) and 21 patients with MCI (mean age 69.7 (SD 7.0) years). Subjects remembered a list of words while fMRI data were acquired. Later, they had to recognise these words among a list of distractor words. The use of an event related paradigm made it possible to selectively analyse successfully encoded items in each individual. We compared activation for successfully encoded words between healthy elderly subjects and patients with MCI.', 'The main intergroup difference was found in the left hippocampus and surrounding medial temporal lobe (MTL) regions for the patients with MCI compared with healthy subjects during successful encoding.
answer:
Is hippocampal activation in patients with mild cognitive impairment necessary for successful memory encoding?

question:
Serotonergic dysfunction is implicated in depression, psychiatric disorders and suicidal behaviors. The first and rate-limiting step in the synthesis of serotonin is catalyzed by tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) which is encoded by TPH1 and THP2 genes. Genetic association studies have revealed contradictory results about the effect of the TPH1 A218C (rs1800532) polymorphism on suicidal behavior in different populations.', "In this study, we investigated A218C polymorphism in 109 suicide attempters and 98 healthy controls. Socio-demographic characteristics of participants were obtained through questionnaire. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and genotyping was performed by Real Time PCR. Fisher's exact test was used to evaluate the significance of the difference among the independent variables. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was tested using Pearson's goodness-of-fit chi-squared test.", 'The frequency of A allele was significantly higher in suicide attempters than controls (46.33% vs. 35.71%, p=0.0357). However, there were no differences in genotype frequencies of this locus between participants having attempted suicide and controls (p>0.05). Among males, frequencies of CC genotype and C allele were found to be significantly higher in controls (p=0.0125, p=0.0298). With regard to the female subjects and female controls, no significant association was detected between suicidal behavior and genotype/allele frequencies (p>0.05).
answer:
Is tPH1 A218 allele associated with suicidal behavior in Turkish population?

question:
Surgeon-performed ultrasonography is increasingly becoming part of the initial evaluation of patients after blunt or penetrating trauma. Currently, most institutions obtain a subxyphoid or subcostal view of the heart and pericardial space, and a three-view ultrasonogram of the abdomen to detect blood in the pericardial sac or in three dependent abdominal areas.', 'A left parastemal standard transverse transthoracic view is described in addition to the aforementioned views. This facilitates the visualization of the pericardial sac when a subxyphoid or subcostal view cannot be obtained because of anatomical reasons (narrow subxyphoid space) or local factors (pain, fractures, subcutaneous emphysema, or chest wall contusion).', 'The transthoracic view can be useful in patients where the subxyphoid view is difficult to obtain through the conventional approach. In most patients an excellent view of the pericardial sac and ventricles can be obtained and, therefore, expedites the diagnosis and treatment of patients with hemopericardium.
answer:
Is transthoracic ultrasonography an alternative to subxyphoid ultrasonography for the diagnosis of hemopericardium in penetrating precordial trauma?