Q: Pitch is an auditory sensation in which a listener assigns musical tones to relative positions on a musical scale based primarily on their perception of the frequency of vibration. Pitch is closely related to frequency, but the two are not equivalent. Frequency is an objective, scientific attribute that can be measured. Pitch is each person's subjective perception of a sound, which cannot be directly measured. However, this does not necessarily mean that most people won't agree on which notes are higher and lower.

This creates a linear pitch space in which octaves have size 12, semitones (the distance between adjacent keys on the piano keyboard) have size 1, and A440 is assigned the number 69. (See Frequencies of notes.) Distance in this space corresponds to musical intervals as understood by musicians. An equal-tempered semitone is subdivided into 100 cents. The system is flexible enough to include "microtones" not found on standard piano keyboards. For example, the pitch halfway between C (60) and C (61) can be labeled 60.5.

1. an auditory sensation
2. musical tones
3. to frequency
4. no
5. no
6. objective
7. Pitch
8. Frequency
9. no
10. yes
11. yes
12. the distance between adjacent keys on the piano keyboard
13. An equal-tempered semitone is subdivided into 100 cents
14. Yes
15. microtones
16. No
17. relative positions on a musical scale
18. on their perception of the frequency of vibration

Numbered questions:
1. What is pitch?
2. what is it related to?
3. What is pitch closely related to?
4. Are they equals?
5. Is frequency subjective?
6. What is it?
7. Then what is subjective?
8. Which one is scientific?
9. Can you measure pitch?
10. How about Frequency?
11. Do most agree on high and low notes?
12. What are semitones?
13. What is an equal tempered semitone?
14. is it flexible?
15. to include what?
16. Are they found on a piano?
17. What does a listener assigh to tones?
18. which is based primarly on what?

input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a general-purpose, developmental, modeling language in the field of software engineering, that is intended to provide a standard way to visualize the design of a system.

UML was originally motivated by the desire to standardize the disparate notational systems and approaches to software design developed by Grady Booch, Ivar Jacobson and James Rumbaugh at Rational Software in 19941995, with further development led by them through 1996.

In 1997 UML was adopted as a standard by the Object Management Group (OMG), and has been managed by this organization ever since. In 2005 UML was also published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as an approved ISO standard. Since then the standard has been periodically revised to cover the latest revision of UML.

UML has been evolving since the second half of the 1990s and has its roots in the object-oriented programming methods developed in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The timeline (see image) shows the highlights of the history of object-oriented modeling methods and notation.

It is originally based on the notations of the Booch method, the object-modeling technique (OMT) and object-oriented software engineering (OOSE), which it has integrated into a single language.

Rational Software Corporation hired James Rumbaugh from General Electric in 1994 and after that the company became the source for two of the most popular object-oriented modeling approaches of the day: Rumbaugh's object-modeling technique (OMT) and Grady Booch's method. They were soon assisted in their efforts by Ivar Jacobson, the creator of the object-oriented software engineering (OOSE) method, who joined them at Rational in 1995. 1. What does UML stand for?
2. Is it used in speaking?
3. What field then?
4. What kind of programming is it used for?
5. Who developed it?
6. When did Rational hire James ?
7. From where?
8. When did Ivar join?
9. Who adopted it as standard?
10. When?
11. It was based on what?
numbered_answers: 1. Unified Modeling Language
2. no
3. software engineering,
4. to provide a standard way to visualize the design of a system.
5. Grady Booch, Ivar Jacobson and James Rumbaugh
6. in 1994
7. General Electric
8. 1995.
9. the Object Management Group
10. In 1997
11. the Booch method, the object-modeling technique and object-oriented software engineering

Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a government sanctioned practice whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime. The sentence that someone be punished in such a manner is referred to as a death sentence, whereas the act of carrying out the sentence is known as an execution. Crimes that are punishable by death are known as capital crimes or capital offences, and they commonly include offences such as murder, treason, espionage, war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide. Etymologically, the term "capital" (lit. "of the head", derived via the Latin "capitalis" from "caput", "head") in this context alluded to execution by beheading.

Fifty-six countries retain capital punishment, 103 countries have completely abolished it "de jure" for all crimes, six have abolished it for ordinary crimes (while maintaining it for special circumstances such as war crimes), and 30 are abolitionist in practice.

Capital punishment is a matter of active controversy in various countries and states, and positions can vary within a single political ideology or cultural region. In the European Union, Article 2 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union prohibits the use of capital punishment. Also, the Council of Europe, which has 47 member states, prohibits the use of the death penalty by its members. What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. how many countries have outlawed the death penalty?
2. how many still use it?
3. what is it's definition?
4. is it called something else?
5. what?
6. what does one have to do to get this sentence?
7. are any specific crimes mentioned?
8. how many?
9. what are the first three?
10. what are the last 3?
11. is this a controversial issue?
12. where?
13. does the EU allow it?
14. is that spelled out somewhere?
15. where?
16. does anyone else ban it's use?
17. who?
18. is that a group of countries?
19. how many?
Answer:
1. 103
2. Fifty-six countries
3. is a government sanctioned practice whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime
4. Yes
5. Capital punishment
6. commit a capital crime
7. Yes
8. Six
9. murder, treason,and espionage
10. war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide
11. Yes
12. in various countries and states
13. No
14. Yes
15. Article 2 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union
16. Yes
17. the Council of Europe
18. Yes
19. 47