TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Space Leadership Preservation Act of
2012''.

SEC. 2. ADMINISTRATOR AND DEPUTY ADMINISTRATOR.

Section 20111 of title 51, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) by striking ''Administrator.--There is
established'' and inserting ''Administrator.--
''(1) In general.--There is established'';
(B) in paragraph (1), as so designated by
subparagraph (A) of this paragraph--
(i) by inserting '', pursuant to paragraph
(2),'' after ''who shall be appointed''; and
(ii) by inserting ''The Administrator shall
serve for a term of 10 years.'' after ''and
activities thereof.''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following new
paragraph:
''(2) Board of directors nominations.--The President shall
appoint the Administrator under paragraph (1) from among the
list of nominees provided by the Board of Directors pursuant to
section 20118(l)(2)(A). The President shall appoint a new
Administrator not later than 3 months after the first set of
nominees is so provided by the Board of Directors. The sitting
Administrator may serve in the position until a new
Administrator appointed pursuant to this paragraph is confirmed
by the Senate.''; and
(2) in subsection (b)--
(A) by striking ''Administrator.--There shall be''
and inserting ''Administrator.--
''(1) In general.--There shall be'';
(B) in paragraph (1), as so designated by
subparagraph (A) of this paragraph, by inserting '',
pursuant to paragraph (2),'' after ''who shall be
appointed''; and
(C) by adding at the end the following new
paragraph:
''(2) Board of directors nominations.--The President shall
appoint the Deputy Administrator under paragraph (1) from among
the list of nominees provided by the Board of Directors
pursuant to section 20118(j)(2)(B).''.

SEC. 3. BOARD OF DIRECTORS.

(a) Establishment.--Subchapter II of chapter 201 of title 51,
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new
section:
''Sec. 20118. Board of Directors
''(a) Establishment.--There shall be established a Board of
Directors for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in
accordance with this section, not later than 9 months after the date of
enactment of the 'Space Leadership Preservation Act of 2012'.
''(b) Membership and Appointment.--The Board shall consist of 11
members to be appointed as follows:
''(1) Three members shall be appointed by the President.
''(2) Three members shall be appointed by the president pro
tempore of the Senate.
''(3) One member shall be appointed by the minority leader
of the Senate.
''(4) Three members shall be appointed by the Speaker of
the House of Representatives.
''(5) One member shall be appointed by the minority leader
of the House of Representatives.
In addition to the members appointed under paragraphs (1) through (5),
the Administrator shall be an ex officio, nonvoting member of the
Board.
''(c) Qualifications.--The persons appointed as members of the
Board shall be--
''(1) former astronauts or scientists or engineers eminent
in the fields of human spaceflight, planetary science, space
science, Earth science, and aeronautics, or other scientific,
engineering, business, and social science disciplines related
to space and aeronautics;
''(2) selected on the basis of established records of
distinguished service; and
''(3) so selected as to provide representation of the views
of engineering, science, and aerospace leaders in all areas of
the Nation.
''(d) Limitation on Members.--An individual employed by or
representing an organization with which the Administration has a
contract is not eligible to serve on the Board, except for scientists
employed by or representing colleges, universities, and other not-for-
profit organizations. Additionally, a former Board member may not take
employment with or represent an organization with which the
Administration has a contract, or which is seeking such a contract, for
a period of 2 years following completion of service on the Board.
''(e) Terms.--The term of office of each member of the Board shall
be 3 years, except that any member appointed to fill a vacancy
occurring prior to the expiration of the term for which his predecessor
was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term. Any
person who has been a member of the Board for 12 consecutive years
shall thereafter be ineligible for appointment during the 2-year period
following the expiration of such 12th year.
''(f) Travel Expenses.--Each member of the Board shall receive
travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in
accordance with applicable provisions under subchapter I of chapter 57
of title 5, United States Code.
''(g) Meetings.--The Board shall meet quarterly and at such other
times as the Chairman may determine, but the Chairman shall also call a
meeting whenever one-third of the members so request in writing. The
Board shall adopt procedures governing the conduct of its meetings,
including delivery of notice and a definition of a quorum, which in no
case shall be less than one-half plus one of the members of the Board.
''(h) Chairman and Vice Chairman.--The election of the Chairman and
Vice Chairman of the Board shall take place at each first quarter
meeting occurring in an even-numbered year. The Vice Chairman shall
perform the duties of the Chairman in his absence. In case a vacancy
occurs in the chairmanship or vice chairmanship, the Board shall elect
a member to fill such vacancy.
''(i) Staff.--The Board may, with the concurrence of a majority of
its members, permit the appointment of a staff consisting of
professional staff members, technical and professional personnel on
leave of absence from academic, industrial, or research institutions
for a limited term, and such operations and support staff members as
may be necessary. Such staff shall be appointed by the Chairman and
assigned at the direction of the Board. The professional members and
limited term technical and professional personnel of such staff may be
appointed without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States
Code, governing appointments in the competitive service, and the
provisions of chapter 51 of such title relating to classification, and
shall be compensated at a rate not exceeding the maximum rate payable
under section 5376 of such title, as may be necessary to provide for
the performance of such duties as may be prescribed by the Board in
connection with the exercise of its powers and functions under this
section.
''(j) Special Commissions.--The Board is authorized to establish
such special commissions as it may from time to time deem necessary for
the purposes of this section.
''(k) Committees.--The Board is also authorized to appoint from
among its members such committees as it deems necessary, and to assign
to committees so appointed such survey and advisory functions as the
Board deems appropriate to assist it in exercising its powers and
functions under this section.
''(l) Functions.--
''(1) Budget proposal.--Not later than November 15 of each
year, the Board shall provide to the President, and to the
Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Science,
Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the
Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Commerce,
Science, and Transportation of the Senate, a proposed budget
for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for the
next fiscal year. Such budget shall--
''(A) carry out the purpose described in section
20102(h);
''(B) be based on--
''(i) the best professional judgement of
the Board;
''(ii) recommendations from the scientific,
engineering, and other technical experts
communities; and
''(iii) the recommendations of the most
recent National Research Council decadal
surveys; and
''(C) follow such decadal survey's recommended
decision rules regarding program implementation,
including a strict adherence to the recommendation that
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
include in a balanced program a flagship class mission,
which may be executed in cooperation with one or more
international partners.
''(2) Nominees for administrator, deputy administrator, and
chief financial officer.--The Board shall provide to the
President--
''(A) a list of 3 nominees from which the President
shall appoint an Administrator pursuant to section
20111(a);
''(B) a list of 3 nominees from which the President
shall appoint a Deputy Administrator pursuant to
section 20111(b); and
''(C) a list of 3 nominees from which the President
shall appoint a Chief Financial Officer pursuant to
section 205(a) of the Chief Financial Officers Act (31
U.S.C. 901(a)).
The Board shall provide the first set of nominees under this
paragraph not later than 15 months after the date of enactment
of the 'Space Leadership Preservation Act of 2012'.
''(3) Reports.--
''(A) Annual infrastructure, capabilities, and
workforce assessment.--The Board shall provide to the
President and the Congress annually a report assessing
the status of United States spaceflight infrastructure,
unique space capabilities, and the health of the United
States workforce necessary to maintain such
infrastructure and capabilities. The assessment shall
also identify areas of concern, gaps in capability
compared to foreign spaceflight capabilities, and
recommendations on how to strengthen or improve United
States capabilities and workforce.
''(B) Specific policy matter reports.--The Board
shall provide to the President and the Congress reports
on specific, individual policy matters within the
authority of the Administration (or otherwise as
requested by the Congress or the President) related to
human space flight, planetary science, earth science,
aeronautics, and science, technology, engineering, and
mathematics education, as the Board, the President, or
the Congress determines the need for such reports.
''(4) Quadrennial review.--The Board shall provide to the
President and the Congress, not later than the later of 180
days after the establishment of the Board or the third
quarterly meeting of the Board, and once every 4 years
thereafter, a quadrennial review of current space programs and
a vision for future space exploration.
''(5) Removal of administrator for cause.--The Board may
provide to the President and the Congress a report recommending
the removal of the Administrator for cause. Any such report
shall include the reasons for such recommendation.
''(m) Budget Meetings.--Portions of Board meetings in which the
Board considers the budget proposal required under subsection (l)(1)
for a particular fiscal year may be closed to the public until the
Board submits the proposal to the President and the Congress.
''(n) Financial Disclosure.--Members of the Board shall be required
to file a financial disclosure report under title II of the Ethics in
Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App. 92 Stat. 1836), except that such
reports shall be held confidential and exempt from any law otherwise
requiring their public disclosure.''.
(b) Table of Sections.--The table of sections for chapter 201 of
title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end of the
items for subchapter II the following new item:

''20118. Board of Directors.''.

SEC. 4. BUDGET PROPOSAL.

Section 30103 of title 51, United States Code, is amended by adding
at the end the following new subsection:
''(e) Board of Directors Proposal.--
''(1) Inclusion in president's proposed budget.--The
proposed budget for the Administration submitted to the
Congress by the President for each fiscal year shall include a
description of, and a detailed justification for, any
differences between the President's proposed budget and the
budget provided by the Board of Directors under section
20118(l)(1).
''(2) Elements of budget proposal.--Subsections (a) through
(d) of this section shall apply to the proposed budget provided
by the Board of Directors under section 20118(l)(1).''.

SEC. 5. LONG TERM CONTRACTING.

(a) Amendments.--Section 20142 of title 51, United States Code, is
amended--
(1) in the section heading, by striking ''Contracts
regarding expendable launch vehicles'' and inserting ''Long
term contracting'';
(2) in subsection (a), by--
(A) striking ''expendable launch vehicle services''
and inserting ''rocket propulsion systems and manned
and unmanned space transportation vehicles and
payloads, including expendable launch vehicles, and any
other infrastructure intended for placement or
operation in space or on celestial bodies, and services
related thereto,''; and
(B) striking ''related to launch'' and inserting
''related to''; and
(3) in subsection (b), by striking ''launch services'' and
inserting ''the goods and services to have been provided under
the contract''.
(b) Table of Sections Amendment.--The item relating to section
20142 in the table of sections for chapter 201 of title 51, United
States Code, is amended to read as follows:

''20142. Long term contracting.''.

SOLUTION: Space Leadership Preservation Act of 2012 - Establishes a Board of Directors for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Sets forth Board membership and appointment criteria. Directs the President to appoint the NASA Administrator and Deputy Administrator from among a list of nominees provided by the Board.

Requires the Board to provide: (1) NASA's proposed annual budget; (2) annual reports on spaceflight infrastructure, unique space capabilities, and the workforce necessary to maintain such infrastructure and capabilities; (3) reports on specific policy matters; and (4) quadrennial reviews of current space programs and a vision for future space exploration.

Authorizes the Administrator to enter into contracts for rocket propulsion systems and manned and unmanned space transportation vehicles and payloads.

PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Reducing Duplication Overseas Act of
2012''.

SEC. 2. PURPOSE.

The purpose of this Act is to promote high-quality, cost-efficient,
and effective administrative support services to agencies overseas.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

In this Act:
(1) Agency.--The term ''agency'' means a department,
agency, or independent establishment in the executive branch
performing any foreign affairs functions.
(2) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term
''appropriate congressional committees'' means--
(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the
Senate;
(B) the Committee on Homeland Security and
Governmental Affairs of the Senate;
(C) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
(D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House
of Representatives;
(E) the Committee on Oversight and Government
Reform of the House of Representatives; and
(F) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of
Representatives.
(3) International cooperative administrative support
services system.--The term ''International Cooperative
Administrative Support Services system'' means the mechanism
established pursuant to section 23 of the State Department
Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2695) by which the
United States Government manages and funds administrative
support services at overseas posts.
(4) International cooperative administrative support
services customer agencies.--The term ''International
Cooperative Administrative Support Services customer agencies''
means agencies participating in the International Cooperative
Administrative Support Services system.
(5) International cooperative administrative support
services executive board.--The term ''International Cooperative
Administrative Support Services Executive Board'' means the
highest-level International Cooperative Administrative Support
Services policy-making body comprised of senior representatives
of agencies participating in the International Cooperative
Administrative Support Services system.

SEC. 4. PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIVE ADMINISTRATIVE
SUPPORT SERVICES SYSTEM.

(a) In General.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the
enactment of this Act, each agency with operations overseas under the
authority of the Chief of Mission pursuant to section 207 of the
Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 3927) shall participate in the
International Cooperative Administrative Support Services system for
purposes of obtaining household furniture, furnishings, and appliance
pools services, motor pool services, and management services unless--
(1) the agency provides a detailed explanation for
evaluation and decision by the International Cooperative
Administrative Support Services Executive Board that
describes--
(A) how the agency will provide the service outside
of the International Cooperative Administrative Support
Services system;
(B) the cost to the agency of the service; and
(C) how providing the service outside the
International Cooperative Administrative Support
Services system will not increase overall costs to the
United States Government; or
(2) the agency submits a detailed explanation for
evaluation and decision by the International Cooperative
Administrative Support Services Executive Board certifying that
the mission of the agency cannot be achieved by such
participation in the International Cooperative Administrative
Support Services system.
(b) Rule of Construction.--The motor pool services requirement
under subsection (a) applies to administrative services, and shall not
be construed as superseding, removing, or limiting any statutory or
programmatic requirements related to agency use or procurement of
vehicles.

SEC. 5. USE OF ALTERNATE SERVICE PROVIDERS.

The International Cooperative Administrative Support Services
Executive Board shall allow an agency to act as an alternate service
provider for administrative services at an overseas post in place of
the existing International Cooperative Administrative Support Services
provider for purposes of reducing overall costs to the United States
Government if the agency--
(1) demonstrates through a business case that it can
provide the administrative service more efficiently; and
(2) agrees to provide the administrative service to all
other International Cooperative Administrative Support Services
customer agencies at the overseas post.

SEC. 6. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

(a) Biennial Report.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
the enactment of this Act, and every 2 years thereafter, the
Secretary of State, in consultation with the International
Cooperative Administrative Support Services Executive Board,
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a
report on the International Cooperative Administrative Support
Services system.
(2) Content.--The report required under paragraph (1)
shall--
(A) establish performance goals to define the level
of performance to be achieved in providing efficient,
effective, and equitable administrative services to
International Cooperative Administrative Support
Services customer agencies;
(B) establish a balanced set of performance
indicators to be used in measuring or assessing
progress toward each performance goal;
(C) describe how the International Cooperative
Administrative Support Services system ensures the
accuracy and reliability of the data used to measure
progress; and
(D) identify strategies and the resources required
to achieve performance goals.
(b) Comptroller General Review.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of
the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the
United States shall submit to the appropriate congressional
committees a review of the International Cooperative
Administrative Support Services system.
(2) Content.--The review required under paragraph (1) shall
include--
(A) an evaluation of whether requiring agencies to
participate in the International Cooperative
Administrative Support Services system for household
furniture, furnishings, and appliance pools services
and motor pools services has increased cost-efficiency
and reduced administrative redundancies;
(B) recommendations, if warranted, for further
consolidation of services in the International
Cooperative Administrative Support Services system;
(C) an evaluation of how implementation of this Act
is affecting the performance of International
Cooperative Administrative Support Services customer
agencies; and
(D) recommendations, if warranted, for improving
the International Cooperative Administrative Support
Services system and implementing this Act.

SOLUTION: Reducing Duplication Overseas Act of 2012 - Requires a federal agency that performs any foreign affairs functions and operates overseas to participate in the International Cooperative Administrative Support Services system for purposes of obtaining household furniture, furnishings, and appliance pools services, motor pool services, and management services unless such agency provides a detailed explanation that describes: (1) how such agency will provide the service outside the system, (2) the cost of the service, and (3) how providing the service outside the system will not increase overall costs. Requires such an agency to provide a detailed explanation certifying that the mission of the agency cannot be achieved by participation in the system.

Requires the International Cooperative Administrative Support Services Executive Board to allow an agency to act as an alternative provider for administrative services at an overseas post in place of the system if the agency: (1) demonstratives that it can provide the administrative service more efficiently, and (2) agrees to provide the administrative service to all other International Cooperative Administrative Support Services customer agencies at the overseas post.

Requires the Comptroller General (GAO) to submit a review of the system to specified congressional committees

PROBLEM: SECTION 1. FINDINGS.

(a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
(1) The Federal Highway Administration estimates that there
are 604,485 bridges on the Nation's public road network, of
which 116,669 are on the National Highway System.
(2) The average age of the Nation's bridges is 39 years old
and more than two-thirds of the Nation's bridges are more than
26 years old.
(3) One in 9 bridges is classified as structurally
deficient and requires significant maintenance, repair, or
replacement.
(4) Fourteen percent of the Nation's bridges are
functionally obsolete and do not meet current design standards.
(5) The Federal Highway Administration estimates that to
eliminate the Nation's deficient bridge backlog by 2030, $20.2
billion of investment would be required annually through
Federal, State, and local levels of government, although
current annual bridge investment is approximately $17.1
billion.
(b) Definitions.--In this section, the following definitions apply:
(1) Eligible funds.--
(A) In general.--The term ''eligible funds'' means
funds--
(i) authorized or designated in--
(I) Public Law 109-59 or a prior
surface transportation authorization
Act; or
(II) an appropriations Act, or a
report accompanying an appropriations
Act, for allocation to a specific
surface transportation project or
activity; and
(ii) identified, not later than 60 days
after the date of enactment of this Act, by the
State in which the project or activity is
authorized to be carried out as being excess
funds or inactive funds.
(B) Inclusion.--The term ''eligible funds''
includes funds described in subparagraph (A) that were
allocated and designated for a demonstration project.
(2) Excess funds.--The term ''excess funds'' means--
(A) funds obligated for a specific surface
transportation project or activity that remain
available for the project or activity after the project
or activity has been completed or canceled; or
(B) an unobligated balance of funds allocated for a
specific surface transportation project or activity
that the State in which the project or activity is
authorized to be carried out certifies is no longer
needed for the project or activity.
(3) Inactive funds.--The term ''inactive funds'' means--
(A) an unobligated balance of Federal funds for an
eligible surface transportation project or activity
against which no more than 10 percent of the Federal
funds originally designated for the project or activity
have been obligated; or
(B) funds that are available to carry out a surface
transportation project or activity in a State, but, as
certified by the State, are unlikely to be advanced for
the project or activity during the 1-year period
beginning on the date of certification.
(c) Availability of Funds for Bridge Projects.--Eligible funds
shall be--
(1) made available in accordance with this section to the
State that originally received the funds; and
(2) available for obligation for any eligible project under
section 133(b)(2) or 133(b)(3) of title 23, United States Code.
(d) Authority To Obligate.--Notwithstanding the original source or
period of availability of eligible funds, the Secretary of
Transportation may, on the request by a State--
(1) obligate the funds for any eligible project under
section 133(b)(2) or 133(b)(3) of title 23, United States Code;
or
(2)(A) deobligate the funds; and
(B) reobligate the funds for any project eligible under
such sections.
(e) Period of Availability; Title 23 Requirements.--
(1) In general.--Notwithstanding the original source or
period of availability of eligible funds obligated (or
deobligated and reobligated) under subsection (d), the eligible
funds--
(A) shall remain available for obligation for a
period of 3 fiscal years after the fiscal year in which
this Act is enacted; and
(B) except as otherwise provided in this
subsection, shall be subject to the requirements of
title 23, United States Code, that apply to section 133
of that title, including provisions relating to Federal
share.
(2) No allocation based on population.--Section 133(d) of
title 23, United States Code, shall not apply to eligible funds
under this section.
(f) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of
this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the
Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate, the Committee
on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives,
and the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and the House of
Representatives a report describing any action taken by the Secretary
under this section.

SOLUTION:
This bill authorizes the Department of Transportation to permit states to carry out bridge projects using previously allocated funds that have been identified as being excess or inactive. The projects may include operational improvements, capital and operating costs, environmental measures, and transportation control measures. The funds will remain available for three years after the year in which this bill is enacted.