Answer the following question given this paragraph: Interspecific competition often leads to extinction . The species that is less well adapted may get fewer of the resources that both species need. As a result, members of that species are less likely to survive, and the species may go extinct. Q: What does interspecific competition between species often lead to? A:
OPTIONS:
- evolution
- symbiosis
- immigration
- extinction
extinction

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The kidneys are the main organs of the urinary system. Q: What organs are the main organs of the urinary system? A:
OPTIONS:
- spleen
- prostate
- gall bladder
- kidneys

Answer: kidneys

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Many human actions make it easier for wind and water to carry away soil. They include plowing, logging, construction, and even some types of recreation. Q: Human actions such as plowing, logging, construction and other actions contribute to what kind of erosion? A:
OPTIONS:
- weathering
- flooding
- wind erosion
- soil erosion
Answer: soil erosion

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Ions and Ionic Bonds Some atoms are more stable when they gain or lose an electron (or possibly two) and form ions. This fills their outermost electron shell and makes them energetically more stable. Because the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons, each ion has a net charge. Cations are positive ions that are formed by losing electrons. Negative ions are formed by gaining electrons and are called anions. Anions are designated by their elemental name being altered to end in "-ide": the anion of chlorine is called chloride, and the anion of sulfur is called sulfide, for example. This movement of electrons from one element to another is referred to as electron transfer. As Figure 2.11 illustrates, sodium (Na) only has one electron in its outer electron shell. It takes less energy for sodium to donate that one electron than it does to accept seven more electrons to fill the outer shell. If sodium loses an electron, it now has 11 protons, 11 neutrons, and only 10 electrons, leaving it with an overall charge of +1. It is now referred to as a sodium ion. Chlorine (Cl) in its lowest energy state (called the ground state) has seven electrons in its outer shell. Again, it is more energy-efficient for chlorine to gain one electron than to lose seven. Therefore, it tends to gain an electron to create an ion with 17 protons, 17 neutrons, and 18 electrons, giving it a net negative (1) charge. It is now referred to as a chloride ion. In this example, sodium will donate its one electron to empty its shell, and chlorine will accept that electron to fill its shell. Both ions now satisfy the octet rule and have complete outermost shells. Because the number of electrons is no longer equal to the number of protons, each is now an ion and has a +1 (sodium cation) or 1 (chloride anion) charge. Note that these transactions can normally only take place simultaneously: in order for a sodium atom to lose an electron, it must be in the presence of a suitable recipient like a chlorine atom. Q: Some atoms are more stable when they gain or lose an electron and form what? A:
OPTIONS:
- molecules
- electrons
- protons
- ions
output: ions

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: An experiment generally tests how one variable is affected by another. The affected variable is called the dependent variable . In the plant experiment shown in the Figure above , the dependent variable is plant growth. The variable that affects the dependent variable is called the independent variable . In the plant experiment, the independent variable is fertilizersome plants will get fertilizer, others will not. In any experiment, other factors that might affect the dependent variable must be controlled. In the plant experiment, what factors do you think should be controlled? ( Hint: What other factors might affect plant growth?). Q: In a scientific experiment, the variable that is affected by the other one is called what? A:

OPTIONS:
- effective variable
- essential variable
- independent variable
- dependent variable

A: dependent variable

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Ecology is the study of how living things interact with each other and with their environment. Q: What is the study of how living things interact with each other and with their environment? A:
OPTIONS:
- scientology
- biology
- geology
- ecology
ecology