instruction:
Given a paragraph, generate a claim that is supported by the given paragraph. 1) The claim must contain information from within the paragraph. 2) A sentence within the paragraph can be used as a claim. 3) The claim should not have contradictions within the paragraph. 4) The claim should be at most one sentence long.
question:
But following a nationwide lockdown to curb the spread of the coronavirus, the 42-year-old vendor has turned to making plastic face shields for frontline medical workers instead. "I was once a patient myself and I feel like my family owes doctors a lot", said Linh, who received hospital treatment a few years ago for a blood-related illness. "I want to make these shields to keep them healthy. If they are healthy, then they can protect us". Last week, Vietnam began a 15-day social distancing campaign to slow the spread of the virus that has seen most non-essential businesses shut, including Linh's stall. There have been 241 reported cases of the coronavirus in Vietnam and no reported deaths, according to the health ministry. Aggressive contact tracing and a mass quarantine programme have helped keep that tally low. When the lockdown began, Linh assembled a group of family members, friends and fellow vendors to start making the face shields. They can be worn in addition to face masks to better protect medical workers from the tiny virus-carrying droplets released by infected patients. In just a few days, Linh and her gang of volunteers made almost 1,000 face shields, she said, and distributed them to at least three nearby hospitals. Linh said she had drawn on her experience as a hat vendor to line the shields with comfortable padding. She watched media reports of doctors in the United States and consulted a friend who works as a nurse there to perfect the design, she said. The finishing touch? A sticker, with an important message to Vietnam's medical workers: "Fight Covid-19 disease". "Keep believing, because we are always with you". (This story is refiled to correct dateline)
answer:
Vietnamese hat seller turns to homemade face shields in virus fight.

question:
The committee is also seeking the indictment of Vale and dam stability auditor TUV SUD for environmental damages and corporate responsibility for actions of their employees in the late-January disaster that killed nearly 250 people. The 400-page report recommended that a total of 15 individuals, including the two executives, be indicted for murder, wrongful bodily injury, environmental damages and pollution. Fabio Schvartsman stepped down as Vale's CEO under pressure from prosecutors in March. Luciano Siani, also targeted by the committee, continues to serve as CFO. The committee's initial report recommended manslaughter charges but at a hearing it approved an amendment to upgrade the charges to murder and add a 15th individual to its list for recommended indictments. Vale, a formerly state-owned Brazilian "national champion" which is a leading exporter and employer, said it "respectfully disagrees" with the indictment recommendations. A "forensic, technical and scientific conclusion about the causes of the dam burst" should be arrived at before holding certain people responsible, the company asserted in a statement. TUV SUD said it was cooperating in full but declined to comment further, citing ongoing investigations. Vale shares, which early in the session touched their highest since before the Brumadinho disaster, closed down 4.2%. The nonbinding recommendations could influence prosecutors in their ongoing probe of Vale and its executives for negligence regarding the disaster. "Vale's tragedy is a series of tragedies," the committee said in its report. "The immeasurable human loss; the countless dead animals; the environment destroyed for years, perhaps decades; the dreams and heritage of a lifetime buried by the carelessness, neglect, greed, usury, irresponsibility, indifference and sloppiness of a company that used to be a role model." Brazil must take action to ensure that "never again" will such a disaster occur, it said, recommending three laws that would require congressional approval. One would outlaw all tailings dams for mining and industrial waste. That would go far beyond a ban instituted in February on the specific type of "upstream" dam that ruptured. It would allow for 10 years to decommission the hundreds of existing tailings dams around the country, a costly move for miners. A separate bill would hike taxes calculated on mineral production, with a tax of up to 40% on more profitable or larger scale mines. The investment banking unit of Brazil's Bradesco said such a tax is unlikely to be implemented given that comparable taxes in Australia and Mexico are up to 7.5%. But the bank said the rate is likely to rise for Brazilian miners from the current 3.5%. A third proposed law would expand the list of environmental crimes. Barclays analyst Amos Fletcher said he doubted that Congress would follow through on shutting down all types of tailings dams, a move that would halt a significant amount of mineral production, which Brazil counts on for a large portion of its GDP, he said. The recommendations may be depressing Vale's stock price more than the indictments because of worries that such changes "would lead to more supply being squeezed," he said. Vale's tailings dam ruptured in the city of Brumadinho in the mining state of Minas Gerais in late January, releasing a torrent of mud that buried hundreds of people, including a cafeteria full of workers at lunchtime. In the following months, investigators and regulators pointed toward a risky "upstream" style of dam construction, improper maintenance and negligence. TUV SUD certified the dam as stable in 2018 despite pointing out concerns about drainage and monitoring systems. Vale has argued that it followed all the required safety measures. While authorities have yet to conclude the cause of the rupture, a Minas Gerais state official and other experts suspect liquefaction, in which solid materials such as sand lose strength and become more like liquid. That was the same cause of a 2015 rupture of another upstream Vale dam that killed 19.
answer:
Brazil Senate panel says Vale CFO, ex-CEO should be indicted for murder.

question:
One such patient is self-employed attorney Dan Hobart, who struggled to find insurance because of his pre-existing conditions. Even after Affordable Care Act went into effect, doctor visits were still too costly for him to get the care he needed. After learning about direct primary care from a friend, Hobart signed up immediately. "It's really like a blessing," Hobart said. "I just wanted a doctor and couldn't believe that I could afford one." In the Kansas City region, 26 direct primary care, or DPC, clinics have formed the Midwest Direct Primary Care Alliance. It consists of doctors who are opting to leave the traditional fee-for-service practice for a private practice offering patients membership-based health care services. Hobart told KCUR-FM that he hadn't had regular doctor since he was a child until signing up with Allison Edwards, a doctor at Kansas City Direct Primary Care, last fall. Edwards' office charges $65 a month for the average adult; a family plan for $140 a month includes unlimited routine visits, phone and email availability directly with her. Now, Hobart said, he enjoys direct access and the ability to have a personal relationship with his doctor. "I can email her directly and if there's a big issue she can address that quickly," Hobart said. The alliance is still "playing the insurance game," Edwards said. But the alliance has the ability to negotiate prices with independent companies that offer services such as labs and radiology at wholesale prices. "We're using it to democratize things," she said of the group's collective power. Through the DPC independent partnerships, a patient would pay approximately $40 for a chest X-ray, $10 for a diabetes screening and $9 for a thyroid check of the thyroid, with no hidden fees, copay or insurance. Insurance was meant to be a financial protection product, Edwards explained, but the health care industry has strayed from that concept and uses it for all services, even though some can be paid out of pocket. Patients aren't the only ones rejecting the industry's red tape. After paying off her medical-school loans, Jennifer Smith was ready to quit practicing medicine because she had grown so fed up with insurance companies who prioritized patient volume over patient care. On average, she said, she was only able to spend seven minutes on each patient. This wasn't enough time to address their needs. "I just felt like this wasn't appropriate care and I wanted to do something that was going to allow me to spend that time with my patients," Smith said. A colleague told her about DPC and it wasn't long before she opened Accomplished Health and Wellness in Lawrence. With the freedom to practice medicine in a more personalized way that best serves her patients' needs, Smith said she is happier now that she's no longer regulated by the pressure of the insurance industry. Both Smith and Edwards said they recommend that their patients have some form of insurance to cover more costly incidents such as cancer or other critical-care needs. But their practices do not accept insurance. Edwards, too, said she's "1,000 times happier" since transitioning away from the bureaucracy of the insurance agencies, even though she's making less money. "It doesn't matter how much you pay somebody for a job that's ultimately soul-sucking and meaningless," Edwards said, "which is what primary care is becoming with its checking boxes and all that." ___ Information from: KCUR-FM, http://www.kcur.org
answer:
Some Kansas City-area patients ditch fee-for-service doctors.