q... The concept of original sin was first alluded to in the 2nd century by Irenaeus, Bishop of Lyon in his controversy with certain dualist Gnostics. Other church fathers such as Augustine also developed the doctrine, seeing it as based on the New Testament teaching of Paul the Apostle (Romans 5: 12 -- 21 and 1 Corinthians 15: 22) and the Old Testament verse of Psalms 51: 5. Tertullian, Cyprian, Ambrose and Ambrosiaster considered that humanity shares in Adam's sin, transmitted by human generation. Augustine's formulation of original sin was popular among Protestant reformers, such as Martin Luther and John Calvin, who equated original sin with concupiscence (or "hurtful desire"), affirming that it persisted even after baptism and completely destroyed freedom. The Jansenist movement, which the Catholic Church declared to be heretical, also maintained that original sin destroyed freedom of will.

Answer this question based on the passage: when did the doctrine of original sin begin?
a... This is the relevant information: The concept of original sin was first alluded to in the 2nd century by Irenaeus, Bishop of Lyon in his controversy with certain dualist Gnostics.
The answer is the 2nd century

q... In flowering plants, the ovule is located inside the portion of the flower called the gynoecium. The ovary of the gynoecium produces one or more ovules and ultimately becomes the fruit wall. Ovules are attached to the placenta in the ovary through a stalk-like structure known as a funiculus (plural, funiculi). Different patterns of ovule attachment, or placentation, can be found among plant species, these include:

Answer this question: where is the ovule found in a flower?
a... The relevant information is: In flowering plants, the ovule is located inside the portion of the flower called the gynoecium.
The answer is inside the portion of the flower called the gynoecium

q... The 2003 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2003 season. The 99th edition of the World Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Florida Marlins and the American League (AL) champion New York Yankees; the Marlins defeated the heavily favored Yankees, four games to two. The series was played from October 18 -- 25, 2003. This is the most recent Series in which the losing team outscored the winning team; the Yankees lost, despite outscoring the Marlins 21 -- 17 in the Series. This was the Marlins' second World Series championship win, having won their first in 1997. As of 2017, this is the Marlins' last appearance not only in the World Series, but in the postseason at all.

Answer this question based on the passage: who did the marlins beat in the 2003 world series?
a... The relevant information is: The 99th edition of the World Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion Florida Marlins and the American League (AL) champion New York Yankees; the Marlins defeated the heavily favored Yankees, four games to two.
The answer is the heavily favored Yankees

q... Context: Die Brucke was one of two groups of German painters fundamental to Expressionism, the other being Der Blaue Reiter group ("The Blue Rider"), formed in Munich in 1911.

Question: with what are the german die brucke artists associated?
a...
To answer the question, consider the following: Die Brucke was one of two groups of German painters fundamental to Expressionism, the other being Der Blaue Reiter group ("The Blue Rider"), formed in Munich in 1911.
The answer is Expressionism