Answer the following question given this paragraph: Light As with auditory stimuli, light travels in waves. The compression waves that compose sound must travel in a mediuma gas, a liquid, or a solid. In contrast, light is composed of electromagnetic waves and needs no medium; light can travel in a vacuum (Figure 36.16). The behavior of light can be discussed in terms of the behavior of waves and also in terms of the behavior of the fundamental unit of lighta packet of electromagnetic radiation called a photon. A glance at the electromagnetic spectrum shows that visible light for humans is just a small slice of the entire spectrum, which includes radiation that we cannot see as light because it is below the frequency of visible red light and above the frequency of visible violet light. Certain variables are important when discussing perception of light. Wavelength (which varies inversely with frequency) manifests itself as hue. Light at the red end of the visible spectrum has longer wavelengths (and is lower frequency), while light at the violet end has shorter wavelengths (and is higher frequency). The wavelength of light is expressed in nanometers (nm); one nanometer is one billionth of a meter. Humans perceive light that ranges between approximately 380 nm and 740 nm. Some other animals, though, can detect wavelengths outside of the human range. For example, bees see near-ultraviolet light in order to locate nectar guides on flowers, and some non-avian reptiles sense infrared light (heat that prey gives off). Q: What is the wavelength of light expressed in? Choices: - nanoseconds - millimeters - vatts - nanometers (nm) A:
nanometers (nm)
Answer the following question given this paragraph: The oceans are most polluted along coasts. Why do you think that's the case? Of course, it's because most pollution enters the oceans from the land. Runoff and rivers carry the majority of pollution into the ocean. Many cities dump their wastewater , water mixed with waste, directly into coastal waters. In some parts of the world, raw sewage and trash may be thrown into the water ( Figure below ). Coastal water may become so polluted that people get sick if they swim in it or eat seafood from it. The polluted water may also kill fish and other ocean life. Q: Where are the oceans most polluted? Choices: - in warmer waters - on the ocean floor - along reefs - along coasts A:
along coasts
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: An oxygen molecule has two nonpolar bonds. This is called a double bond. The two oxygen atoms attract equally the four shared electrons. Q: How many nonpolar bonds does an oxygen molecule have? Choices: - 5 - 7 - 3 - 2 A:
A: 2
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Yes and no. Bacteria cells are similar to our cells in some ways. Like our cells, bacteria cells have DNA and a plasma membrane. But bacteria are unique in other ways. They are called prokaryotic cells because of these differences. Q: How are bacteria cells similar to our cells? Choices: - shape and size - dna and number of protons - plasma and number of protons - dna & plasma membrane A:
Answer: dna & plasma membrane
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Figure 16.17 The body contains three types of muscle tissue: skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle. Notice that skeletal muscle cells are long and cylindrical, they have multiple nuclei, and the small, dark nuclei are pushed to the periphery of the cell. Smooth muscle cells are short, tapered at each end, and have only one nucleus each. Cardiac muscle cells are also cylindrical, but short. The cytoplasm may branch, and they have one or two nuclei in the center of the cell. (credit: modification of work by NCI, NIH; scale-bar data from Matt Russell). Q: Name the three types of muscle tissue. Choices: - cardiac, smooth, long - smooth, long, tight - skeletal, cardiac, long - skeletal, smooth, cardiac A:
**Answer**
skeletal, smooth, cardiac
(Q).
Answer the following question given this paragraph: One common example of an extra-chromosome disorder is Down syndrome ( Figure below ). Children with Down syndrome are mentally disabled and also have physical deformities. Down syndrome occurs when a baby receives an extra chromosome 21 from one of his or her parents. Usually, a child will receive one chromosome 21 from the mother and one chromosome 21 from the father. In an individual with Down syndrome, however, there are three copies of chromosome 21 ( Figure below ). Therefore, Down syndrome is also known as Trisomy 21. These people have 47 total chromosomes. Q: What's the most common disorder from having an extra chromosome? Choices: - Williams syndrome - Turner syndrome - cri-du-chat syndrome - down syndrome A:
(A).
down syndrome