Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Example Input: Epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been shown to induce intestinal proliferation and maturation; however, little information is available regarding substrates of the intestinal EGF receptor tyrosine kinase. The purpose of this study was to determine if src homologous collagen-like protein (Shc) was an in vivo substrate of the intestinal EGF receptor.', 'Ten-day-old rats were treated with EGF or were breast-fed. In some experiments, IEC-6 cells were treated with EGF. Intestinal tissue and cell fractions were studied by immunodetection to compare the tyrosine phosphorylation state and the subcellular localization of intestinal proteins.', 'The total tyrosine phosphorylation state of intestinal proteins was increased threefold by EGF. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF receptor and Shc were rapidly increased by EGF. The association of Grb2 with Shc increased fourfold and fivefold. Plasma membrane translocation of Shc and associated phosphotyrosyl proteins was increased within 30 seconds of EGF treatment.
Example Output: 1

Example Input: Type II diabetes in the Goto Kakizaki (GK) rats (derived from Wistar rats) is not associated with the development of obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, or pronounced renal functional changes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of superimposed hypertension on renal function and morphology under conditions of hyper- and normoglycemia.', 'The evolution of biochemical and morphologic renal changes was examined in GK and Wistar rats treated with deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) salt over 24 weeks.', 'Blood pressure was increased from 6 weeks on in GK and Wistar rats with no difference in blood pressure levels between both groups (week 24, 183 +/- 14 mm Hg vs. 191 +/- 13 mm Hg, P = NS, vs. 144 +/- 6 mm Hg in normal controls, P < 0.01). A progressive increase in proteinuria was observed in hypertensive GK rats from 12 weeks on (week 24, 168 +/- 62 mg/day vs. 41 +/- 30 mg/day in hypertensive Wistar rats, P = 0.002). Histologic analysis at weeks 15 and 24 showed progressive glomerulosclerosis in hypertensive GK and Wistar rats (week 24, 13 +/- 4% vs. 8 +/- 1%, P = NS) but not in nonhypertensive GK controls. This was associated with evidence of podocyte damage (de novo desmin expression) in hypertensive as compared to nonhypertensive GK rats (week 24, score 1.4 +/- 0.1 vs. 0.8 +/- 0.1, P < 0.001) while no significant increase was observed in hypertensive vs. nonhypertensive Wistar rats. Tubulointerstitial damage was increased in hypertensive GK as compared to hypertensive Wistar rats (week 24, score 1.5 +/- 0.6 vs. 0.6 +/- 0.3, P = 0.01). By immunohistochemistry, this was associated with an up-regulation of tubulointerstitial type IV collagen as well as alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) expression, macrophage infiltration and cell proliferation in hypertensive GK rats.
Example Output: 0

Example Input: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics of patients enrolled in randomized clinical trials on congestive heart failure treatment with those of real-world patients encountered in daily clinical practice.', 'We searched the Cochrane review methodology, Medline and SilverPlatter databases to obtain the clinical characteristics of both patients enrolled in therapeutic clinical trials and real-world patients with heart failure. We selected 27 clinical trials, and 8 prospective epidemiological studies or registries published between 1987 and 2001 which enrolled 53,859 and 18,207 patients, respectively.', 'On average, compared to real-world heart failure patients, patients enrolled in clinical trials were younger (63 +/- 10 vs 75 +/- 11 years respectively, p < 0.0001), and more likely to be male (72 vs 54% respectively, p < 0.0001). Clinical trial patients showed a lower ejection fraction (26 +/- 7 vs 38 +/- 15% respectively, p < 0.0001) but a lower prevalence of NYHA functional class III-IV (62 vs 75% respectively, p < 0.0001) than real-world patients. In clinical trial patients, the prevalence of ischemic heart disease (67 vs 42% respectively, p < 0.0001) and a history of previous myocardial infarction (62 vs 42% respectively, p < 0.0001) were higher than in real-world patients. Conversely, the prevalence of chronic atrial fibrillation (12 vs 31% respectively, p < 0.0001) and of diabetes (22 vs 24% respectively, p < 0.02) was lower in trial patients than in real-world patients.
Example Output:
0