In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

Q: Taft's strong dissent in Adkins v. Children's Hospital suggested that this case should be overruled. The "era" that this case ushered in ended with a case that saw the notorious "switch in time to save nine," West Coast Hotel v. Parrish. Much of Rufus Peckham's opinion dealt with whether the law in question constituted a proper use of the police power. John Marshall Harlan's dissent in this case decried the Court's attempt to become a legislature, while Oliver Wendell Holmes's dissent stated that the fourteenth amendment does not enact Spencer's Social Statics. FTP, name this 1905 case which overturned a law concerning bakers' working hours.

A: History
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Q: This quantity can be defined as minus the temperature times the derivative of entropy with respect to particle number. The Gibbs factor is a generalization of the Boltzmann factor that takes this quantity into account. Usually defined as the derivative of the Helmholtz free energy with respect to particle number, FTP name this quantity which governs particle flow, as particles flow from systems with higher values to systems with lower values.

A: Science
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Q: Various phenomena associated with this force can be described by the creation and annihilation of modes called shearons. Defects along a surface can lead to energetic corrugations resulting in this force according to the Tomlinson model, which describes it on the atomic level. The triboelectric effect is charging as a consequence of this force, whose skin variety occurs at a body-fluid interface. It is independent of surface area according to one of Amontons Laws, and superlubricity is the total absence of this force. For 10 points, identify this force which is perpendicular to the normal force and provides resistance when two surfaces slide over each other.

A:
Science
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