Answer the following question given this paragraph: 25.5 Physiology of Urine Formation The entire volume of the blood is filtered through the kidneys about 300 times per day, and 99 percent of the water filtered is recovered. The GFR is influenced by hydrostatic pressure and colloid osmotic pressure. Under normal circumstances, hydrostatic pressure is significantly greater and filtration occurs. The hydrostatic pressure of the glomerulus depends on systemic blood pressure, autoregulatory mechanisms, sympathetic nervous activity, and paracrine hormones. The kidney can function normally under a wide range of blood pressures due to the autoregulatory nature of smooth muscle. Q: The entire volume of what is filtered through the kidneys about 300 times per day? Choices: - gastric juice - urine - saliva - blood A:
blood
Answer the following question given this paragraph: The general trend in electronegativity is that the value increases from left to right across a row in the periodic table and decreases down a column. The most electronegative element is fluorine, which has a value of 4.0. As discussed in the lesson "Trends in the Periodic Table," electronegativity increases across a row as the number of protons in the nucleus increases and therefore has a stronger pull. Electronegativity decreases down a column due to an increased effect of electron shielding in larger atoms. Q: Generally speaking, electronegativity values ______ from left to right across a row in the periodic table and _______ down a column. Choices: - reverse, descend - move, fall - decrease, increase - increase, decrease A:
increase, decrease
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: In some soils, the organic portion is entirely missing. This is true of desert sand. At the other extreme, a soil may be completely organic. Peat, found in a bog or swamp, is totally organic soil. Organic materials are necessary for a soil to be fertile. The organic portion provides the nutrients needed for strong plant growth. Q: Will contour lines ever cross? Choices: - yes - in rare cases - always - no A:
A: no
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Basal Ganglia Interconnected brain areas called the basal ganglia (or basal nuclei), shown in Figure 35.20b, play important roles in movement control and posture. Damage to the basal ganglia, as in Parkinson's disease, leads to motor impairments like a shuffling gait when walking. The basal ganglia also regulate motivation. For example, when a wasp sting led to bilateral basal ganglia damage in a 25-year-old businessman, he began to spend all his days in bed and showed no interest in anything or anybody. But when he was externally stimulatedas when someone asked to play a card game with himhe was able to function normally. Interestingly, he and other similar patients do not report feeling bored or frustrated by their state. Thalamus The thalamus (Greek for "inner chamber"), illustrated in Figure 35.24, acts as a gateway to and from the cortex. It receives sensory and motor inputs from the body and also receives feedback from the cortex. This feedback mechanism can modulate conscious awareness of sensory and motor inputs depending on the attention and arousal state of the animal. The thalamus helps regulate consciousness, arousal, and sleep states. A rare genetic disorder called fatal familial insomnia causes the degeneration of thalamic neurons and glia. This disorder prevents affected patients from being able to sleep, among other symptoms, and is eventually fatal. Q: What helps to regulate consciousness, arousal, and sleep states? Choices: - hypothalamus - hippocampus - cerebral cortex - thalamus A:
Answer: thalamus
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Clubmosses can resemble mosses; however, clubmosses have vascular tissue, while mosses do not. Q: What tissue do clubmosses have that mosses do not? Choices: - dioxide tissue - nuclei - chorophyll - vascular tissue A:
**Answer**
vascular tissue
(Q).
Answer the following question given this paragraph: An electromagnetic wave is a transverse wave that can travel across space as well as through matter. When it travels through space, it doesn't lose energy to a medium as a mechanical wave does. Q: When traveling through space what do mechanical waves lose? Choices: - Mass - Speed - Force - energy A:
(A).
energy