[Q]: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: What non-profit and non-govermental organization headquartered in Paris was formed in 1985 by Robert Menard? Context: In its 2014 Press Freedom Index, Reporters Without Borders ranked the media environment in Eritrea at the very bottom of a list of 178 countries, just below totalitarian North Korea. According to the BBC, "Eritrea is the only African country to have no privately owned news media", and Reporters Without Borders said of the public media, "[they] do nothing but relay the regime's belligerent and ultra-nationalist discourse. ... Not a single [foreign correspondent] now lives in Asmara." The state-owned news agency censors news about external events. Independent media have been banned since 2001. In 2015, The Guardian published an opinion piece claiming,
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[A]: Reporters Without Borders
input: Please answer the following: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: what is the second to last place mentioned? Context: On 14 June 1940, the German army marched into Paris, which had been declared an "open city". On 1617 July 1942, following German orders, the French police and gendarmes arrested 12,884 Jews, including 4,115 children, and confined them during five days at the Vel d'Hiv (Velodrome d'Hiver), from which they were transported by train to the extermination camp at Auschwitz. None of the children came back. On 25 August 1944, the city was liberated by the French 2nd Armoured Division and the 4th Infantry Division of the United States Army. General Charles de Gaulle led a huge and emotional crowd down the Champs Elysees towards Notre Dame de Paris, and made a rousing speech from the Hotel de Ville.
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output: Notre Dame de Paris
Please answer this: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: If an organism is harmed during symbiosis, then that interaction is not considered to be a what? Context: Commensalism describes a relationship between two living organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed or helped. It is derived from the English word commensal used of human social interaction. The word derives from the medieval Latin word, formed from com- and mensa, meaning "sharing a table".
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Answer: Commensalism
Problem: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: When did Altan Khan come into the world? Context: Rawski writes that Altan Khan's conversion to the Gelug "can be interpreted as an attempt to expand his authority in his conflict with his nominal superior, Tumen Khan." To further cement the Mongol-Tibetan alliance, the great-grandson of Altan Khanthe 4th Dalai Lama (15891616)was made the fourth Dalai Lama. In 1642, the 5th Dalai Lama (16171682) became the first to wield effective political control over Tibet.

A: 1589
Problem: Given the question: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: stepper motors is a feature used? Context: Stepper motors were and still are often used in computer printers, optical scanners, and digital photocopiers to move the optical scanning element, the print head carriage (of dot matrix and inkjet printers), and the platen or feed rollers. Likewise, many computer plotters (which since the early 1990s have been replaced with large-format inkjet and laser printers) used rotary stepper motors for pen and platen movement; the typical alternatives here were either linear stepper motors or servomotors with closed-loop analog control systems.
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The answer is:
to move the optical scanning element, the print head carriage (of dot matrix and inkjet printers), and the platen or feed rollers
Problem: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: When did a key evolutionary step appear? Context: Recent molecular phylogenetic studies suggest that most placental orders diverged about 100 to 85 million years ago and that modern families appeared in the period from the late Eocene through the Miocene. But paleontologists object that no placental fossils have been found from before the end of the Cretaceous. The earliest undisputed fossils of placentals come from the early Paleocene, after the extinction of the dinosaurs. In particular, scientists have recently identified an early Paleocene animal named Protungulatum donnae as one of the first placental mammals. The earliest known ancestor of primates is Archicebus achilles from around 55 million years ago. This tiny primate weighed 2030 grams (0.71.1 ounce) and could fit within a human palm.

A:
around 55 million years ago