A same meaning or not problem:
Philosophy is seen instead as an activity of defining and clarifying the empirical relationships of logical rates .
Instead , philosophy is seen as an activity of defining and clarifying the logical relationships of empirical propositions .
****
[A]: no

A same meaning or not problem:
It does not matter whether classical users know that they are modern or not .
Whether modern users know that they are classical or not does not matter .
****
[A]: no

A same meaning or not problem:
The white endocarp of mangosteen has the same shape and size in diameter as a mandarin , but is edible .
The white endocarp of the mangosteen has the same shape and size as a tangerine in diameter , but is edible .
****
[A]: yes

A same meaning or not problem:
Manager Nolan said that he expected Fitzsimons to challenge Adam Collin for a first team position .
Manager Kevin Nolan said that he expected Fitzsimons to challenge Adam Collin for a first team place .
****
[A]:
yes