input: Please answer the following: Information: - The history of comics has followed different paths in different cultures. Scholars have posited a pre-history as far back as the Lascaux cave paintings. By the mid-20th century, comics flourished particularly in the United States, western Europe (especially in France and Belgium), and Japan. The history of European comics is often traced to Rodolphe Topffer's cartoon strips of the 1830s, and became popular following the success in the 1930s of strips and books such as "The Adventures of Tintin". American comics emerged as a mass medium in the early 20th century with the advent of newspaper comic strips; magazine-style comic books followed in the 1930s, in which the superhero genre became prominent after Superman appeared in 1938. Histories of Japanese comics and cartooning ("") propose origins as early as the 12th century. Modern comic strips emerged in Japan in the early 20th century, and the output of comics magazines and books rapidly expanded in the post-World WarII era with the popularity of cartoonists such as Osamu Tezuka. had a lowbrow reputation for much of its history, but towards the end of the 20th century began to find greater acceptance with the public and in academia. - The Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film is one of the Academy Awards handed out annually by the U.S.-based Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States of America with a predominantly non-English dialogue track. - A screenplay writer, screenwriter for short, scriptwriter or scenarist is a writer who practices the craft of screenwriting, writing screenplays on which mass media such as films, television programs, comics or video games are based. - Jacques Boigelot is a Belgian film director and screenwriter . He was for many years the head of the French Belgian television film department . His film Paix sur les champs ( 1970 ) was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film . - The Academy Awards, or "Oscars", is an annual American awards ceremony hosted by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to recognize excellence in cinematic achievements in the United States film industry as assessed by the Academy's voting membership. The various category winners are awarded a copy of a statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname "Oscar." The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS. - A writer is a person who uses written words in various styles and techniques to communicate their ideas. Writers produce various forms of literary art and creative writing such as novels, short stories, poetry, plays, screenplays, and essays as well as various reports and news articles that may be of interest to the public. Writers' texts are published across a range of media. Skilled writers who are able to use language to express ideas well often contribute significantly to the cultural content of a society. The word is also used elsewhere in the arts such as songwriter but as a standalone term, "writer" normally refers to the creation of written language. Some writers work from an oral tradition. Given the information, choose the subject and object entities that have the relation of 'country of citizenship'.
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output: jacques boigelot , belgium

input: Please answer the following: Information: - Charlotte Burton (May 30, 1881 March 28, 1942) was an American silent film actress. - The Archeologist is a 1914 American silent short drama film directed by Henry Otto starring Ed, Winifred Greenwood, and John Steppling. - Henry Otto (August 8, 1877 August 3, 1952) was an American silent film actor, director, producer, and screenwriter. Otto contributed to over 150 films throughout his career working as an actor and a director throughout. He directed many films in 1914, in films such as "When a Woman Waits", "In Tune", "The Archeologist", and "The Redemption of a Pal" working with actors such as Edward Coxen, Charlotte Burton and George Field. He retired from film in 1942. Otto died five days shy of his 75th birthday on August 3, 1952 in Los Angeles. - Albert Edward Coxen (8 August 1880 21 November 1954) was an English-born American actor. He appeared in over 200 films during his career. - The Shriner's Daughter is a 1913 American silent short film starring Charlotte Burton, Violet Neitz, Helen Armstrong, William Bertram, Edith Borella, Ed Coxen, Reaves Eason, George Field, Winifred Greenwood, Ida Lewis, Nina Richdale and William Tedmarsh. - When a Woman Waits is a 1914 American silent short drama film directed by Henry Otto starring Ed Coxen, George Field, and Winifred Greenwood. - A silent film is a film with no synchronized recorded sound, especially with no spoken dialogue. The silent film era lasted from 1895 to 1936. In silent films for entertainment, the dialogue is transmitted through muted gestures, mime and title cards which contain a written indication of the plot or key dialogue. The idea of combining motion pictures with recorded sound is nearly as old as film itself, but because of the technical challenges involved, synchronized dialogue was only made practical in the late 1920s with the perfection of the Audion amplifier tube and the introduction of the Vitaphone system. During silent films, a pianist, theatre organist, or, in large cities, even a small orchestra would often play music to accompany the films. Pianists and organists would either play from sheet music or improvise; an orchestra would play from sheet music. - In Tune is a 1914 American silent short drama film directed by Henry Otto starring Charlotte Burton, Ed Coxen, George Field, and Winifred Greenwood. - The Redemption of a Pal is a 1914 American silent drama short directed by Henry Otto starring Edith Borella, Charlotte Burton, George Field, Winifred Greenwood and Edward Coxen. - A Slice of Life is a 1914 American silent short drama film directed by Henry Otto , starring Ed Coxen , Charlotte Burton , and Winifred Greenwood . - Winifred Greenwood (January 1, 1885, Geneseo, New York November 23, 1961, Woodland Hills, California) was an American silent film actress. She was signed in 1910 and starred in over 200 films before her retirement in 1927. She starred in a number of films with Charlotte Burton including "The Shriner's Daughter" in 1913. Given the information, choose the subject and object entities that have the relation of 'instance of'.
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output:
a slice of life , silent short film