*Question*
Q: Which type of cell division halves the number of chromosomes? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Meiosis is a type of cell division that halves the number of chromosomes. Choices: - fragmentation - budding - mitosis - meiosis A:
**Answer**
meiosis

*Question*
Q: Uncontrolled cell growth can lead to tumors and what disease? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: 10.4 | Cancer and the Cell Cycle By the end of this section, you will be able to: Describe how cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell growth Understand how proto-oncogenes are normal cell genes that, when mutated, become oncogenes Describe how tumor suppressors function Explain how mutant tumor suppressors cause cancer Cancer comprises many different diseases caused by a common mechanism: uncontrolled cell growth. Despite the redundancy and overlapping levels of cell cycle control, errors do occur. One of the critical processes monitored by the cell cycle checkpoint surveillance mechanism is the proper replication of DNA during the S phase. Even when all of the cell cycle controls are fully functional, a small percentage of replication errors (mutations) will be passed on to the daughter cells. If changes to the DNA nucleotide sequence occur within a coding portion of a gene and are not corrected, a gene mutation results. All cancers start when a gene mutation gives rise to a faulty protein that plays a key role in cell reproduction. The change in the cell that results from the malformed protein may be minor: perhaps a slight delay in the binding of Cdk to cyclin or an Rb protein that detaches from its target DNA while still phosphorylated. Even minor mistakes, however, may allow subsequent mistakes to occur more readily. Over and over, small uncorrected errors are passed from the parent cell to the daughter cells and amplified as each generation produces more non-functional proteins from uncorrected DNA damage. Eventually, the pace of the cell cycle speeds up as the effectiveness of the control and repair mechanisms decreases. Uncontrolled growth of the mutated cells outpaces the growth of normal cells in the area, and a tumor ("-oma") can result. Choices: - vascular disease - cirrhosis - kidney failure - cancer A:
**Answer**
cancer

*Question*
Q: What are unique about prokaryotic cells' organelles? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Diagram of a typical prokaryotic cell. Among other things, prokaryotic cells have a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA. Prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organelles or a cell nucleus. Choices: - no cell walls - no epidermis - only membrane - bound - not membrane-bound A:
**Answer**
not membrane-bound

*Question*
Q: What type of simple inheritance is too simplified to explain most human traits? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Most human traits have more complex modes of inheritance than simple Mendelian inheritance. For example, the traits may be controlled by multiple alleles or multiple genes. Choices: - mitosis - spontaneous mutation - etiology - mendelian A:
**Answer**
mendelian