Q: Ultraviolet (UV) lamps designed for pools can neutralize most germs. They cannot keep a pool safe on their own. However, they will let you reduce the amount of free available chlorine (FAC) as low as 1ppm, or even lower under some regional laws. They can also break down some of the irritating or dangerous substances that show up in a chlorinated pool. Finally, although not normally used for this purpose, some types may break down existing high levels of chlorine. Local health codes may have different requirements. A "MP" UV lamp is a versatile option with the following benefits: This is the only common lamp that will break down a significant amount of existing chlorine. Even then, you'll need a dose 1020 times higher than the amount recommended for disinfection. This will probably require multiple lamps. This is the most effective lamp for breaking down chloramines, the substances usually responsible for stinging eyes, irritated skin, and "chlorine" smell. This lamp is fairly good at disinfecting, but not the best option. This type of lamp, often called a purifier, has excellent disinfecting ability, though you will still need to use (reduced) amounts of chlorine. This may make it an attractive option for public pools. These lamps also tend to be cheaper and longer-lasting than MP lamps. Advertisements may claim these lamps remove chloramines. This is partially true, but in practice they may or may not reduce the obvious signs, such as stinging eyes. There are a few other kinds of UV lamps, although they are less common. Here's some information to help you figure out what each product does: "Ultraviolet" actually includes a wide range of light with different effects. It is usually divided into UV-A (315400nm), UV-B (280315nm), and UV-C (100280nm). You should be able to find either the light type or a range of wavelengths (such as 245nm) for any product. Only UV-C light helps disinfect pools. Only UV-A light (including UV light from the sun) breaks down significant amounts of chlorine. Even then, it will take an intense amount of light. All three types help break down chloramines. Hiring a professional to install the UV system is recommended. Once installed according to specifications, very little maintenance is required. Continue to test your pool for chlorine as usual, keeping it at 1ppm or another low level as recommended by your product or local law.
A: Understand UV disinfection. Try a Medium Pressure UV lamp. Consider a Low Pressure UV lamp. Evaluate other types. Test the pool after installation.

Q: Some lecturers hand out outlines of their lectures before they begin. Skimming the outline and considering your general thoughts about each topic will warm up your brain. Make sure you do any assigned reading for the lecture before class so that you can familiarize yourself with the topic before the lecture begins. Although it takes time, it really helps to look over the material of the lecture before the lecture. Becoming familiar with the material before the lecture can help you focus on what you have the most difficulty understanding, and you will be able to ask better questions during class. Try to sit in the front seats during lectures. Sit in the position where the lecturer can easily see your preparation of notes. This will propel you to prepare better notes, record more points, and will give you a better reputation in the class from the start. If you sit in the front, you will have fewer distractions and will be able to focus on the lecture. If you find yourself getting tired during a lecture, stretch a little. Stretch your fingers, your arms, your legs, whatever is comfortable and appropriate given the space. Having water to drink at intervals will also help to keep you alert. Make sure you don't disrupt the rest of the class by stretching or moving around too much.
A: Prepare as much as possible beforehand. Sit in the front. Stretch and stay hydrated.

Q: Baits are one of the safest and most effective ways to eliminate roaches. They work over an extended period of time and can either kill roaches directly (when roaches eat the bait) or indirectly (when roaches eat the poisoned feces or corpses of those that have already sampled the bait). You can purchase baits in the form of small containers filled with bait (bait stations) or dispensable gels. A variety of bait gels and baited traps are available from most hardware stores, drug stores, and supermarkets. Common brand names include Avert, Blue Diamond, Combat, and Max Force. You can make effective baits out of a variety of household ingredients. Try one of these bait recipes: Mix small, equal portions of white flour, cocoa, oatmeal, boric acid, and Plaster of Paris. Mix 2 teaspoons (10 ml) of citrus pulp, teaspoon (about 4 ml) of brown sugar, teaspoon (2.5 ml) of corn meal, and teaspoon (1.25 ml) of boric acid. Bait mixtures containing boric acid should be kept out of reach of children and pets. Bait stations are most effective if set up in areas where cockroaches are known to gather, such as cabinets, the spaces behind and under appliances, and areas where food and moisture are readily available (such as bathrooms and kitchens). Avoid leaving your bait stations out in the open. They are more likely to be effective (and less likely to be found by pets and children) if they are placed under or between appliances, in dark corners, and inside cabinets. If you made your own bait, put it in a small container, like a shallow bowl or a plastic food storage container lid, and place it as you would a commercial bait station. Bait gel is ideal for cracks and crevices where cockroaches like to hide, but where regular bait stations will not fit. Since bait stations serve as food sources for roaches, they will become empty quickly in areas where roaches gather. Empty bait stations can serve as hiding places for cockroaches. How quickly your bait stations become empty will depend on how many roaches you have. Commercial baits may include instructions to replace your baits every 3-6 months, or more frequently if roaches return before the recommended period ends. If you make your own baits, inspect them every few weeks and replace them once the bait is depleted or cockroaches begin to reappear. For baits to be effective, they must serve as the roaches' primary food source. Clean up and put away food in areas where your traps are set up.
A: Purchase some baits. Make your own baits. Place bait stations in identified problem areas. Use bait gels in small spaces. Change and replace your bait stations frequently. Make sure other food sources are not available.

Q: Mix the solution with a spoon or a fork until it becomes well incorporated. The acidic vinegar will clean dirty and tarnished areas on the aluminum. Turn your stovetop to high and bring the mixture to a boil. Let the solution boil for a minute. Your pot or pan should already start looking cleaner. Take the kitchenware off the heat and place it into your sink. Pour the baking soda into the pot or pan. It should start to fizz and react to the vinegar and water solution. Let the baking soda sit in the pot or pan until it stops fizzing, then pour it out into your sink. Use a non-abrasive sponge to scour the inside and outside of the pot or pan. Add more water and baking soda to especially troublesome areas until the pot or pan looks shiny. Hold the pot or pan under the sink and run hot water from the faucet. Continue rinsing it until all of the baking soda and vinegar solution is removed from the pot or pan. Wipe down the inside and outside of the pot with a cotton rag or paper towels. Continue to wipe the kitchenware until it's completely dry.
A:
Pour three parts water to one part white wine vinegar into the pot or pan. Bring the solution to a boil on the stove top. Add 2 tbsps (15.62 g) of baking soda to the pot or pan. Scour the pot or pan with a sponge. Rinse the pot or pan. Dry the pot or pan.