In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.

Ex Input:
delivery to these individuals actually occurred. Sanderson asserted numerous causes of action against the defendants including civil rights and tort claims arising out of Sanderson's divorce action and his March'2003 arrest for felonious restraint. The felonious restraint charge was later dismissed. Sanderson's complaint in this lawsuit seeks damages for actions by Thomas and Martens while employed by Walsh County and actions by Judge Geiger while employed by the State of North Dakota. [ 3] Walsh County, Thomas, and Martens answered Sanderson's complaint and moved for summary judgment, seeking dismissal for lack of proper service of process. Judge Geiger also moved to dismiss, asserting the district court lacked personal jurisdiction over 2001 ND 101, 8-10, 627 N.W.2d 379 (<HOLDING>). [8] Sanderson's complaint asserts a number
Holding statements: (A) holding that a forum selection clause was not enforceable against defendants that were not parties to the contract (B) holding order dismissing action without prejudice based on contractual forum selection clause is final and appealable because it terminates the litigation in the plaintiffs chosen forum (C) holding that a permissive forum selection clause containing a waiver of any claims of forum non conveniens amounts to a mandatory forum selection clause at least where the plaintiff chose the designated forum (D) holding that when a forum selection clause designates an arbitral forum the proper remedy is dismissal (E) holding appealable dismissal where application of forum selection clause permanently put plaintiff out of district court

Ex Output:
(E)

Ex Input:
States v. Frechette, 583 F.3d 374, 379 (6th Cir. 2009) (concluding that "[ejvidence that an individual subscribed to child pornography web sites supports the conclusion that he has likely downloaded, kept, and otherwise possessed the material" (quotation omitted)); United States v. Gourde, 440 F.3d 1065, 1070-72 (9th Cir. 2006) (en banc) (concluding that payment and registration for a subscription to child pornography website supported a probable cause determination); United States v. Wagers, 452 F.3d 534, 540 (6th Cir. 2006) (noting that "evidence that a person has visited or subscribed to websites containing child pornography supports the conclusion that he has likely downloaded, kept, and otherwise possessed the material"); United States v. Martin, 426 F.3d 68, 74-76 (2d Cir. 2005) (<HOLDING>); United States v. Bershchansky, 958 F. Supp.
Holding statements: (A) holding that an affidavit did not provide probable cause sufficient to validate a warrant where the affidavit stated an incorrect date uncontradicted by any other specific fact in the affidavit (B) holding that probable cause existed to search the defendants residence because the warrant affidavit established probable cause that the defendant possessed stolen firearms and because people generally keep firearms at home or on their persons (C) holding affidavit insufficient to support probable cause when one cannot learn from the affidavit when the past activities occurred and when the observations were made (D) holding that officers possession of affidavit at searched premises without leaving a copy with the occupant was insufficient to allow for consideration of the affidavit in evaluating the constitutionality of the warrant (E) holding that affidavit supported probable cause determination when the affidavit stated only that an occupant of defendants home subscribed to child pornography egroup

Ex Output:
(E)

Ex Input:
"knowingly mak[ing] any false statement or report... for the purpose of influencing in any way the action" of a Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) insured bank upon a loan. 18 U.S.C. 1014. We have never held that to be liable under 1014 a defendant must personally submit the false statements to the federally insured bank; rather, use of a third party conduit could suffice. The Fifth and Ninth Circuits have held that a defendant need not know which particular bank his false statements will be presented to or that the institution is federally insured "it is enough that he knew the false statements were to be presented to a bank." United States v. Bellucci, 995 F.2d 157, 159 (9th Cir.1993) (per curiam); see also United States v. Thompson, 811 F.2d 841, 844 (5th Cir.1987) (<HOLDING>) (emphasis omitted). Here, there was more than
Holding statements: (A) holding that it was not necessary for the state to prove that the defendant knew the precise nature of the controlled substance he was convicted of delivering when evidence established that he knew it was a controlled substance (B) holding that the government had not produced evidence that the defendant intended to influence an official proceeding because the evidence showed only that he intended to influence the state civil proceedings that he had brought against his insurance agency (C) holding that the government did not have to prove that the defendant knew that his acts violated the clean water act but merely that he was aware of the conduct that resulted in the permits violation (D) holding the government must demonstrate the defendant knew of the characteristics of the firearm that required it to be registered (E) holding that government must merely show that defendant knew that it was a bank that he intended to influence

Ex Output:
(E)