question: CHAPTER XVI

Mr. William Hayter, in the solitude of his chambers at the Milan Court, was a very altered personage. He extended no welcoming salutation to his midnight visitor but simply motioned him to a chair.

"Well," he began, "is your task finished that you are in London?"

"My task," Lessingham replied, "might just as well never have been entered upon. The man you sent me to watch is nothing but an ordinary sport-loving Englishman."

"Really! You have lived as his neighbour for nearly a month, and that is your impression of him?"

"It is," Lessingham assented. "He has been away sea-fishing, half the time, but I have searched his house thoroughly."

"Searched his papers, eh?"

"Every one I could find, and hated the job. There are a good many charts of the coast, but they are all for the use of the fishermen."

"Wonderful!" Hayter scoffed. "My young friend, you may yet find distinction in some other walk of life. Our secret service, I fancy, will very soon be able to dispense with your energies."

"And I with your secret service," Lessingham agreed heartily. "I dare say there may be some branches of it in which existence is tolerable. That, however, does not apply to the task upon which I have been engaged."

"You have been completely duped," Hayter told him calmly, "and the information you have sent us is valueless. Sir Henry Cranston, instead of being the type of man whom you have described, is one of the greatest experts upon coast defense and mine-laying, in the English Admiralty."
1. What time is it?
2. Who is visiting?
3. Who is being visited?
4. Where are they?
5. Which is where?
6. Was it a warm welcome?
7. Who was being watched?
8. For how long?
9. Is he really good at anything?
10. Anything else?
11. Like what?
12. Did the watcher think this about him?
13. Where did he seem to spend a bunch of his time?
14. Doing what?
15. Was his home looked through?
16. What was found?
17. Of what?
****
answer: 1. midnight
2. Lessingham
3. William Hayter
4. Hayter's chambers
5. the Milan Court,
6. No
7. Sir Henry Cranston
8. nearly a month
9. coast defense
10. Yes
11. mine-laying,
12. he is an ordinary sport-loving Englishman
13. at sea
14. fishing
15. Yes
16. charts
17. the coast

question: The German Empire (, officially ') was the German nation state that existed from the Unification of Germany in 1871 until the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II in 1918.

It was founded in 1871 when Wilhelm I, King of Prussia from the Hohenzollern dynasty was proclaimed the German Emperor in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles. Berlin became its capital with the Berlin Palace being the Emperor's official residence. Its constitution entered into force, and Otto von Bismarck became the first Chancellor. As these events occurred, the Prussian-led North German Confederation and its southern German allies were still engaged in the Franco-Prussian War. The state was founded with a notable exclusion of Austria and, as such, represented the Lesser German solution ("Kleindeutsche Losung").

The German Empire consisted of 26 constituent territories, with most being ruled by royal families. This included four kingdoms, six grand duchies, five duchies (six before 1876), seven principalities, three free Hanseatic cities, and one imperial territory. Although Prussia became one of several kingdoms in the new realm, it contained most of its population and territory, thus remaining a powerhouse with a major say in imperial affairs. Its influence also helped define modern German culture.
1. When was it founded?
2. How many territories does it consist of?
3. When was it founded?
4. by whom?
5. How many Kingdoms were there?
6. Were most territories ruled by the people?
7. Who were they ruled by?
8. How many imperial territories were there?
9. What was it's capital?
10. When did the German Empire exist?
11. What happened in 1918?
****
answer: 1. 1871
2. 26
3. 1871
4. Wilhelm I
5. four kingdoms
6. no
7. the royal families
8. One
9. Berlin
10. 1871-1918
11. Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated

question: Marxism is a form of socioeconomic analysis that explores class relations and societal conflict using a materialist interpretation of historical development and a dialectical view of social transformation it originates from the mid-to-late 19th century works of German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

Marxist methodology originally used a method of economic and sociopolitical inquiry known as historical materialism to analyze and critique the development of capitalism and the role of class struggle in systemic economic change. According to Marxist perspective, class conflict within capitalism arises due to intensifying contradictions between the highly productive mechanized and socialized production performed by the proletariat and the private ownership and appropriation of the surplus product (profit) by a small minority of the population who are private owners called the bourgeoisie. The contradiction between the forces and relations of production intensifies leading to crisis. The haute bourgeoisie and its managerial proxies are unable to manage the intensifying alienation of labor which the proletariat experiences, albeit with varying degrees of class consciousness, until social revolution ultimately results. The eventual long-term outcome of this revolution would be the establishment of socialism a socioeconomic system based on social ownership of the means of production, distribution based on one's contribution and production organized directly for use. As the productive forces and technology continued to advance, Marx hypothesized that socialism would eventually give way to a communist stage of social development, which would be a classless, stateless, humane society erected on common ownership and the principle: "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs".
1. What kind of inquiry was originally used by Marxism?
2. To do what?
3. What did it evaluate?
4. When did it originate?
5. Where ustralian philosophers responsible for the theory?
6. Which two philosophers are?
7. And the other?
8. Where are they from?
9. What are the private owners called?
10. Who provides the labor force?
11. What does tension between these two groups result in?
12. What eventually happens due to the disagreement between them?
13. And what occurs as a result of this?
14. Is that a form of economic system?
15. What is it rooted in?
16. Of what?
17. What quote from Marx is given in the passage?
18. How is how much a person is given decided?
19. What is another term for appropriation of the surplus product?
20. What view of social transformation is described?
****
answer:
1. historical materialism
2. to analyze
3. capitalism
4. from the mid-to-late 19th century
5. No
6. One was Karl Marx
7. Friedrich Engels
8. Germany
9. the bourgeoisie
10. the proletariat
11. class conflict
12. social revolution
13. the establishment of socialism
14. Yes
15. social ownership
16. the means of production
17. "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs"
18. it's based on one's contribution
19. profit
20. a dialectical view