input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. Photos that you might have found down the back of your sofa are now big business!

In 2005, the American artist Richard Prince's photograph of a photograph, Untitled (Cowboy), was sold for $ 1, 248, 000.

Prince is certainly not the only contemporary artist to have worked with so-called "found photographs"--a loose term given to everything from discarded prints discovered in a junk shop to old advertisements or amateur photographs from a stranger's family album. The German artist Joachim Schmid, who believes "basically everything is worth looking at", has gathered discarded photographs, postcards and newspaper images since 1982. In his on-going project, Archiv, he groups photographs of family life according to themes: people with dogs; teams; new cars; dinner with the family; and so on.

Like Schmid, the editors of several self-published art magazines also champion found photographs. One of _ , called simply Found, was born one snowy night in Chicago, when Davy Rothbard returned to his car to find under his wiper an angry note intended for some else: "Why's your car HERE at HER place?" The note became the starting point for Rothbard's addictive publication, which features found photographs sent in by readers, such a poster discovered in our drawer.

The whole found-photograph phenomenon has raised some questions. Perhaps one of the most difficult is: can these images really be considered as art? And if so, whose art? Yet found photographs produced by artists, such Richard Prince, may riding his horse hurriedly to meet someone? Or how did Prince create this photograph? It's anyone's guess. In addition, as we imagine the back-story to the people in the found photographs artists, like Schmid, have collated , we also turn toward our own photographic albums. Why is memory so important to us? Why do we all seek to freeze in time the faces of our children, our parents, our lovers, and ourselves? Will they mean anything to anyone after we've gone?

In the absence of established facts, the vast collections of found photographs give our minds an opportunity to wander freely. That, above all, is why they are so fascinating. 1. what is topic of the article in general?
2. how much did untitled cowboy sell for?
3. who left rothbard a note?
4. why are found photos so fascinating?
5. where might you find found photos?
6. who founded simply found?
7. what year was untitled cowboy taken?
8. who was it taken by?
9. who is another artist mentioned?
10. what does he collect?
11. since when?
12. what is his current project?
13. what is his strategy to organizing it?
14. like what for example?
15. do people think this is art?
16. how many questions does this raise?
numbered_answers: 1. found photographs
2. $ 1, 248, 000
3. unknown
4. they give our minds an opportunity to wander freely
5. in a junk shop to old advertisements or amateur photographs from a stranger's family album.
6. Davy Rothbard
7. 2005
8. Richard Prince
9. Joachim Schmid
10. discarded photographs, postcards and newspaper images
11. 1982
12. Archiv
13. according to themes
14. people with dogs; teams; new cars; dinner with the family; and so on.
15. It's anyone's guess
16. Four

input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. Chapter XII. -- BRANDENBURG IN KAISER KARL'S TIME; END OF THE BAVARIAN KURFURSTS.

Kaiser Ludwig died in 1347, while the False Waldemar was still busy. We saw Karl IV., Johann of Bohemia's second son, come to the Kaisership thereupon, Johann's eldest Nullity being omitted. This Fourth Karl,--other three Karls are of the Charlemagne set, Karl the Bald, the Fat, and such like, and lie under our horizon, while CHARLES FIFTH is of a still other set, and known to everybody,--this Karl IV. is the Kaiser who discovered the Well of KARLSBAD (Bath of Karl), known to Tourists of this day; and made the GOLDEN BULL, which I forbid all Englishmen to take for an agricultural Prize Animal, the thing being far other, as is known to several.

There is little farther to be said of Karl in Reichs-History. An unesteemed creature; who strove to make his time peaceable in this world, by giving from the Holy Roman Empire with both hands to every bull-beggar, or ready-payer who applied. Sad sign what the Roman Empire had come and was coming to. The Kaiser's shield, set up aloft in the Roncalic Plain in Barbarossa's time, intimated, and in earnest too, "Ho, every one that has suffered wrong!"--intimates now, "Ho, every one that can bully me, or has money in his pocket!" Unadmiring posterity has confirmed the nickname of this Karl IV.; and calls him PFAFFEN-KAISER. He kept mainly at Prag, ready for receipt of cash, and holding well out of harm's way. In younger years he had been much about the French Court; in Italy he had suffered troubles, almost assassinations; much blown to and fro, poor light wretch, on the chaotic Winds of his Time,--steering towards no star. 1. Who was second born?
2. And his father was?
3. Who died in the 1300's?
4. What was still hectic at the time?
5. How did Karl get the Kaisership?
6. How many Karl's are there?
7. What are the Charlemagne Charles known as?
8. Are they above the horizon?
9. Which Karl discovered a well?
10. What was it known as?
11. Do people still know about it?
12. What were people told they could not do?
13. In what type of history is there not much to be said of him?
14. Who did he give to?
15. Where did he get what he gave them?
16. What was on the Roncalic plain?
17. Was it something to be feared?
18. WHhen did this happen?
19. What is his nickname?
20. Where was usually at?
numbered_answers:
1. Karl IV.
2. Johann of Bohemia
3. Kaiser Ludwig
4. Winds of his Time
5. he eldest son was omitted
6. four
7. Karl the Bald and the Fat
8. no
9. Karl IV.
10. Well of KARLSBAD
11. yes
12. take the Golden Bull for an agricultural Prize Animal
13. Reichs-History
14. bull-beggars and ready-payers
15. the Holy Roman Empire
16. The Kaiser's shield
17. yes
18. now
19. PFAFFEN-KAISER
20. Prag