Given a scientific passage and an answer, generate a question for the given answer.

Passage: Nutrients are substances that the body needs for energy, building materials, and control of body processes. Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and water are nutrients needed in relatively large amounts. Vitamins and minerals are nutrients needed in much smaller amounts. Answer: nutrients
What are substances that the body needs for energy, building materials, and control of body processes?

Passage: The atmosphere protects living things from the Sun's most harmful rays. Gases reflect or absorb the strongest rays of sunlight. Figure below models this role of the atmosphere. Answer: the atmosphere
What is the name of the protective layer of gases that surrounds the earth and blocks harmful rays from the sun?

Passage: The cations are simply named as the parent element. The sodium cation is still called "sodium. " Often, the charge would be attached for clarity, so the sodium cation might be referred to as "sodium one plus. ". Answer: the parent element
What are cations simply named after?