CHAPTER II.

THE HUNDRED YEARS' WAR.

1. Wars of Edward III.--By the Salic law, as the lawyers called it, the crown was given, on the death of Charles IV., to _Philip, Count of Valois_, son to a brother of Philip IV., but it was claimed by Edward III. of England as son of the daughter of Philip IV. Edward contented himself, however, with the mere assertion of his pretensions, until Philip exasperated him by attacks on the borders of Guienne, which the French kings had long been coveting to complete their possession of the south, and by demanding the surrender of Robert of Artois, who, being disappointed in his claim to the county of Artois by the judgment of the Parliament of Paris, was practising by sorcery on the life of the King of France. Edward then declared war, and his supposed right caused a century of warfare between France and England, in which the broken, down-trodden state of the French peasantry gave England an immense advantage. The knights and squires were fairly matched; but while the English yeomen were strong, staunch, and trustworthy, the French were useless, and only made a defeat worse by plundering the fallen on each side alike. The war began in Flanders, where Philip took the part of the count, whose tyrannies had caused his expulsion. Edward was called in to the aid of the citizens of Ghent by their leader Jacob van Arteveldt; and gained a great victory over the French fleet at Sluys, but with no important result. At the same time the two kings took opposite sides in the war of the succession in Brittany, each defending the claim most inconsistent with his own pretensions to the French crown--Edward upholding the male heir, John de Montfort, and Philip the direct female representative, the wife of Charles de Blois.

What are the answers to this following set of questions:

1. Who declared the war?
2. Who did the kings demand to be surrendered?
3. How man kings took opposite sides?
4. What is Edward III's relation to Philip IV?
5. What did the French kings wish to complete?
6. Was the French peasantry in good shape?
7. What kind of shape was it in?
8. Where did the war start?
9. Where was the French fleet defeated?
10. Was that in important victory?
11. What role did Charles de Blois's wife play?
12. Where the two counties fairly matched?
13. What did the French to to make themselves more worthless?
14. Who was Jacob van Arteveldt?
15. And John de Montfort?
1. Edward
2. Robert of Artois
3. two
4. son of the daughter of Philip IV
5. their possession of the south
6. no
7. down-trodden
8. Flanders
9. Sluys
10. no
11. the direct female representative
12. The knights and squires were fairly matched
13. plundered the fallen on each side
14. leader of Ghent
15. the male heir