In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

Ex Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Essential Air Service Modernization
Act of 2003''.

SEC. 2. AUTHORIZATION.

Section 41742(a)(2) is amended by striking ''$15,000,000'' and
inserting ''$75,000,000''.

SEC. 3. TERMINATION NOTICE.

Section 41733 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by adding
at the end the following--
''(f) Termination Notice.--If the Secretary decides to terminate
basic essential service to an eligible place, the Secretary shall
notify the affected community not less than 90 days before such service
is to be terminated.''.

SEC. 4. JOINT PROPOSALS.

(a) In General.--Section 41740 of title 49, United States Code, is
amended by adding at the end the following: ''The Secretary shall
facilitate and assist in establishing negotiations between major and
national air carriers and air carriers that provide essential air
service to an eligible place in order to determine equitable joint
fares.''.
(b) Report.--Not later than 12 months after enactment of this Act,
the Secretary shall transmit a report to Congress regarding the
progress and effectiveness of implementation of the amendment made by
subsection (a).

SEC. 5. COMMUNITY AND REGIONAL CHOICE PROGRAM.

(a) In General.--Subchapter II of chapter 417 of title 49, United
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
''Sec. 41745. Community and regional choice program
''(a) Establishment.--The Secretary of Transportation shall
establish an alternate essential air service program in accordance with
the requirements of this section.
''(b) Compensation to Eligible Places.--In carrying out the
program, the Secretary, instead of paying compensation to an air
carrier to provide essential air service to an eligible place, may pay
compensation directly to a unit of local government having jurisdiction
over the eligible place or a State within the boundaries of which the
eligible place is located.
''(c) Use of Compensation.--A unit of local government or State
receiving compensation for an eligible place under the program shall
use the compensation for any of the following purposes:
''(1) To provide assistance to an air carrier to provide
scheduled air service to and from the eligible place, without
being subject to the requirements of 41732(b).
''(2) To provide assistance to a person to provide
scheduled or on-demand air taxi service to and from the
eligible place and a non-hub or a small, medium, or large hub.
''(3) To provide assistance to a person to provide
scheduled or on-demand surface transportation to and from the
eligible place and a non-hub or a small, medium, or large hub.
''(4) In combination with other units of local government
in the same region, to provide transportation services to and
from all the eligible places in that region at an airport or
other transportation center that can serve all the eligible
places in that region.
''(d) Applications.--
''(1) In general.--A unit of local government or State
seeking to participate in the program for an eligible place
shall submit to the Secretary an application in such form and
containing such information as the Secretary may require.
''(2) Required information.--At a minimum, the application
shall include--
''(A) a statement of the amount of compensation
required; and
''(B) a description of how the compensation will be
used.
''(e) Participation Requirements.--An eligible place for which
compensation is received under the program in a fiscal year shall not
be eligible to receive in that fiscal year the essential air service
that it would otherwise be entitled to under this subchapter.
''(f) Subsequent Participation.--A unit of local government
participating in the program under this section in a fiscal year shall
not be prohibited from participating in the basic essential air service
program under this chapter in a subsequent fiscal year if such unit is
otherwise eligible to participate in such basic program.
''(g) Funding.--Amounts appropriated or otherwise made available to
carry out the essential air service program under this subchapter shall
be available to carry out this section.
''Sec. 41746. Compensation for units of local government
''Of the amounts made available under section 41742(a) the
Secretary shall pay directly to a unit of local government having
jurisdiction over the eligible place not less than $5,000 for such
fiscal year to promote public use of the air service or transportation
for which compensation is being paid.''.
(b) Conforming Amendment.--The analysis for such chapter is amended
by inserting after the item relating to section 41744 the following:

''41745. Community and regional choice program.
''41746. Compensation for units of local government.''.

Ex Output:
Essential Air Service Modernization Act of 2003 - Increases the authorization of appropriations to carry out the essential air service program.

Requires the Secretary to: (1) notify an affected community at least 90 days before the basic essential service to that community is terminated: (2) facilitate and assist in negotiations between major and national air carriers and carriers that provide essential air service in order to determine equitable joint fares; (3) establish an alternate essential air service program which would provide compensation directly to local governments, instead of to air carriers, to use to obtain air service, to obtain surface transportation to and from air hubs, or to participate with other local governments in providing regional transportation services to airports; and (4) pay $5,000 to local governments to promote public use of air service or transportation for which compensation is received under the program.

Ex Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Drug Trafficking Vessel Interdiction
Act of 2008''.

TITLE I--CRIMINAL PROHIBITION

SEC. 101. FINDINGS AND DECLARATIONS.

Congress finds and declares that operating or embarking in a
submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel without nationality and
on an international voyage is a serious international problem,
facilitates transnational crime, including drug trafficking, and
terrorism, and presents a specific threat to the safety of maritime
navigation and the security of the United States.

SEC. 102. OPERATION OF SUBMERSIBLE VESSEL OR SEMI-SUBMERSIBLE VESSEL
WITHOUT NATIONALITY.

(a) In General.--Chapter 111 of title 18, United States Code, is
amended by adding at the end the following new section:
''Sec. 2285. Operation of submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel
without nationality
''(a) Offense.--Whoever knowingly operates, or attempts or
conspires to operate, by any means, or embarks in any submersible
vessel or semi-submersible vessel that is without nationality and that
is navigating or has navigated into, through, or from waters beyond the
outer limit of the territorial sea of a single country or a lateral
limit of that country's territorial sea with an adjacent country, with
the intent to evade detection, shall be fined under this title,
imprisoned not more than 15 years, or both.
''(b) Evidence of Intent To Evade Detection.--For purposes of
subsection (a), the presence of any of the indicia described in
paragraph (1)(A), (E), (F), or (G), or in paragraph (4), (5), or (6),
of section 70507(b) of title 46 may be considered, in the totality of
the circumstances, to be prima facie evidence of intent to evade
detection.
''(c) Extraterritorial Jurisdiction.--There is extraterritorial
Federal jurisdiction over an offense under this section, including an
attempt or conspiracy to commit such an offense.
''(d) Claim of Nationality or Registry.--A claim of nationality or
registry under this section includes only--
''(1) possession on board the vessel and production of
documents evidencing the vessel's nationality as provided in
article 5 of the 1958 Convention on the High Seas;
''(2) flying its nation's ensign or flag; or
''(3) a verbal claim of nationality or registry by the
master or individual in charge of the vessel.
''(e) Affirmative Defenses.--
''(1) In general.--It is an affirmative defense to a
prosecution for a violation of subsection (a), which the
defendant has the burden to prove by a preponderance of the
evidence, that the submersible vessel or semi-submersible
vessel involved was, at the time of the offense--
''(A) a vessel of the United States or lawfully
registered in a foreign nation as claimed by the master
or individual in charge of the vessel when requested to
make a claim by an officer of the United States
authorized to enforce applicable provisions of United
States law;
''(B) classed by and designed in accordance with
the rules of a classification society;
''(C) lawfully operated in government-regulated or
licensed activity, including commerce, research, or
exploration; or
''(D) equipped with and using an operable automatic
identification system, vessel monitoring system, or
long range identification and tracking system.
''(2) Production of documents.--The affirmative defenses
provided by this subsection are proved conclusively by the
production of--
''(A) government documents evidencing the vessel's
nationality at the time of the offense, as provided in
article 5 of the 1958 Convention on the High Seas;
''(B) a certificate of classification issued by the
vessel's classification society upon completion of
relevant classification surveys and valid at the time
of the offense; or
''(C) government documents evidencing licensure,
regulation, or registration for commerce, research, or
exploration.
''(f) Federal Activities Excepted.--Nothing in this section applies
to lawfully authorized activities carried out by or at the direction of
the United States Government.
''(g) Applicability of Other Provisions.--Sections 70504 and 70505
of title 46 apply to offenses under this section in the same manner as
they apply to offenses under section 70503 of such title.
''(h) Definitions.--In this section, the terms 'submersible
vessel', 'semi-submersible vessel', 'vessel of the United States', and
'vessel without nationality' have the meaning given those terms in
section 70502 of title 46.''.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The chapter analysis for chapter 111 of
title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item
relating to section 2284 the following:

''2285. Operation of submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel
without nationality.''.

SEC. 103. SENTENCING GUIDELINES.

(a) In General.--Pursuant to its authority under section 994(p) of
title 28, United States Code, and in accordance with this section, the
United States Sentencing Commission shall promulgate sentencing
guidelines (including policy statements) or amend existing sentencing
guidelines (including policy statements) to provide adequate penalties
for persons convicted of knowingly operating by any means or embarking
in any submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel in violation of
section 2285 of title 18, United States Code.
(b) Requirements.--In carrying out this section, the United States
Sentencing Commission shall--
(1) ensure that the sentencing guidelines and policy
statements reflect the serious nature of the offense described
in section 2285 of title 18, United States Code, and the need
for deterrence to prevent such offenses;
(2) account for any aggravating or mitigating circumstances
that might justify exceptions, including--
(A) the use of a submersible vessel or semi-
submersible vessel described in section 2285 of title
18, United States Code, to facilitate other felonies;
(B) the repeated use of a submersible vessel or
semi-submersible vessel described in section 2285 of
title 18, United States Code, to facilitate other
felonies, including whether such use is part of an
ongoing criminal organization or enterprise;
(C) whether the use of such a vessel involves a
pattern of continued and flagrant violations of section
2285 of title 18, United States Code;
(D) whether the persons operating or embarking in a
submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel willfully
caused, attempted to cause, or permitted the
destruction or damage of such vessel or failed to heave
to when directed by law enforcement officers; and
(E) circumstances for which the sentencing
guidelines (and policy statements) provide sentencing
enhancements;
(3) ensure reasonable consistency with other relevant
directives, other sentencing guidelines and policy statements,
and statutory provisions;
(4) make any necessary and conforming changes to the
sentencing guidelines and policy statements; and
(5) ensure that the sentencing guidelines and policy
statements adequately meet the purposes of sentencing set forth
in section 3553(a)(2) of title 18, United States Code.

TITLE II--CIVIL PROHIBITION

SEC. 201. OPERATION OF SUBMERSIBLE VESSEL OR SEMI-SUBMERSIBLE VESSEL
WITHOUT NATIONALITY.

(a) Finding and Declaration.--Section 70501 of title 46, United
States Code, is amended--
(1) by inserting ''(1)'' after ''that''; and
(2) by striking ''States.'' and inserting ''States and (2)
operating or embarking in a submersible vessel or semi-
submersible vessel without nationality and on an international
voyage is a serious international problem, facilitates
transnational crime, including drug trafficking, and terrorism,
and presents a specific threat to the safety of maritime
navigation and the security of the United States.''.

SEC. 202. OPERATION PROHIBITED.

(a) In General.--Chapter 705 of title 46, United States Code, is
amended by adding at the end thereof the following:
''Sec. 70508. Operation of submersible vessel or semi-submersible
vessel without nationality
''(a) In General.--An individual may not operate by any means or
embark in any submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel that is
without nationality and that is navigating or has navigated into,
through, or from waters beyond the outer limit of the territorial sea
of a single country or a lateral limit of that country's territorial
sea with an adjacent country, with the intent to evade detection
''(b) Evidence of Intent To Evade Detection.--In any civil
enforcement proceeding for a violation of subsection (a), the presence
of any of the indicia described in paragraph (1)(A), (E), (F), or (G),
or in paragraph (4), (5), or (6), of section 70507(b) may be
considered, in the totality of the circumstances, to be prima facie
evidence of intent to evade detection.
''(c) Defenses.--
''(1) In general.--It is a defense in any civil enforcement
proceeding for a violation of subsection (a) that the
submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel involved was, at
the time of the violation--
''(A) a vessel of the United States or lawfully
registered in a foreign nation as claimed by the master
or individual in charge of the vessel when requested to
make a claim by an officer of the United States
authorized to enforce applicable provisions of United
States law;
''(B) classed by and designed in accordance with
the rules of a classification society;
''(C) lawfully operated in government-regulated or
licensed activity, including commerce, research, or
exploration; or
''(D) equipped with and using an operable automatic
identification system, vessel monitoring system, or
long range identification and tracking system.
''(2) Production of documents.--The defenses provided by
this subsection are proved conclusively by the production of--
''(A) government documents evidencing the vessel's
nationality at the time of the offense, as provided in
article 5 of the 1958 Convention on the High Seas;
''(B) a certificate of classification issued by the
vessel's classification society upon completion of
relevant classification surveys and valid at the time
of the offense; or
''(C) government documents evidencing licensure,
regulation, or registration for research or
exploration.
''(d) Civil Penalty.--A person violating this section shall be
liable to the United States for a civil penalty of not more than
$1,000,000.''
(b) Conforming Amendments.--
(1) The chapter analysis for chapter 705 of title 46,
United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item
relating to section 70507 the following:

''70508. Operation of submersible vessel or semi-submersible vessel
without nationality.''.
(2) Section 70504(b) of title 46, United States Code, is
amended by inserting ''or 70508'' after ''70503''.
(3) Section 70505 of title 46, United States Code, is
amended by striking ''this title'' and inserting ''this title,
or against whom a civil enforcement proceeding is brought under
section 70508,''.

SEC. 203. SUBMERSIBLE VESSEL AND SEMI-SUBMERSIBLE VESSEL DEFINED.

Section 70502 of title 46, United States Code, is amended by adding
at the end thereof the following:
''(f) Semi-Submersible Vessel; Submersible Vessel.--In this
chapter:
''(1) Semi-submersible vessel.--The term 'semi-submersible
vessel' means any watercraft constructed or adapted to be
capable of operating with most of its hull and bulk under the
surface of the water, including both manned and unmanned
watercraft.
''(2) Submersible vessel.--The term 'submersible vessel'
means a vessel that is capable of operating completely below
the surface of the water, including both manned and unmanned
watercraft.''.

Ex Output:
Drug Trafficking Vessel Interdiction Act of 2008 - Amends the federal criminal code to impose a fine and/or prison term of up to 15 years for knowingly operating or attempting or conspiring to operate by any means, or for embarking in, any submersible or semi-submersible vessel that is without nationality and that is navigating or has navigated into, through, or from waters beyond the outer limit of the territorial sea of a single country or a lateral limit of that country's territorial sea with an adjacent country, with the intent to avoid detection. Imposes an additional civil fine of up to $1 million for violations.

Ex Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''National Institute on Minority
Health Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

The Congress finds that--
(1) heart disease and strokes lead to about 2/2\ times as
many deaths among Black Americans (between the ages of 25 and
44) as among White Americans;
(2) diabetes is twice as prevalent among Mexican- and
Puerto Rican-Americans as among White Americans;
(3) Black and Hispanic women account for 73 percent of the
reported cases of AIDS among American women, and the death rate
from AIDS is 9 times higher among Black women than among White
women;
(4) between 1983 and 1985, when the infant mortality rate
among Whites was 9.0 deaths per 1,000 live births, the infant
mortality rate among Blacks was 18.7 and 13.9 among Native
Americans, with similar disparities among rates of low-
birthweight babies;
(5) in 1988, when the rates of death resulting from
homicides was 8 per 100,000 among young (ages 15 to 24) White
males, the rate among young Black males was 59 per 100,000, and
the rates for young Hispanic and Native American males was
roughly 2 to 3 times that of young White males;
(6) biomedical research, including clinical trials for
pharmaceuticals, often has failed to include minorities in the
population being studied or tested, even when it is certain
that minorities will be among the population subject to the
medical condition or receiving the treatment or pharmaceutical
that is being studied or tested;
(7) the percentages of medical professionals, especially
physicians, who are minorities are significantly lower than
their representation in the general population; and
(8) the ratio of physicians to inhabitants of neighborhoods
that are heavily populated by minorities (or low-income
residents) is often much lower than the ratio of physicians to
inhabitants of predominantly White neighborhoods.

SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT OF NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON MINORITY HEALTH.

Part C of title IV of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 285
et seq.), as amended by section 124 of Public Law 102-321 (106 Stat.
364), is amended by adding at the end the following subpart:

''Subpart 17--National Institute on Minority Health

''purpose of institute

''Sec. 464V. (a) The general purpose of the National Institute on
Minority Health is the conduct and support of research, training, the
dissemination of health information, and other programs with respect to
minority health conditions, including the advancement of opportunities
for and recruitment of minorities for training and placement as health
professionals.
''(b) For purposes of this subpart:
''(1) The term 'health care system' means the system in the
United States for the delivery of health care.
''(2) The term 'minorities' means members of minority
groups.
''(3) The term 'minority health conditions' means all
diseases, disorders, and conditions (including conditions
regarding mental health)--
''(A) unique to, more serious in, or more prevalent
in minorities;
''(B) for which the factors of medical risk or
types of medical intervention are different for
minorities, or for which it is unknown whether such
factors or types are different for minorities; or
''(C) with respect to which there has been
insufficient clinical research involving minorities as
subjects, or insufficient clinical data on minorities.
''(4) The term 'research on minority health' means research
on minority health conditions.
''(5) The term 'Institute' means the National Institute on
Minority Health.

''certain authorities

''Sec. 464W. (a) In carrying out section 464V, the Director of the
Institute shall--
''(1) recommend an agenda for conducting and supporting
research on minority health;
''(2) identify projects of research on minority health that
should be conducted or supported by the national research
institutes;
''(3) identify multidisciplinary research relating to
research on minority health that should be so conducted or
supported;
''(4) promote coordination and collaboration among entities
conducting research identified under paragraph (2) or (3);
''(5) encourage the conduct of research identified under
paragraph (2) or (3) by entities receiving funds from the
national research institutes;
''(6) ensure that minorities are appropriately represented
as subjects in projects of clinical research conducted or
supported by the national research institutes and, as
appropriate, encourage similar representation in research
conducted under other circumstances; and
''(7) promote the sufficient allocation of the resources of
the national research institutes for conducting and supporting
such research.
''(b)(1) The Director of the Institute shall monitor the health
care system for the purpose of determining the effects of the system on
the health of minorities, including the extent to which minorities have
access to health care. In monitoring the system, the Director shall
determine, with respect to such purpose, the effects of the policies
and practices of entities that provide health benefits plans.
''(2) With respect to Federal proposals for reforming the health
care system, the Director of the Institute shall, in carrying out
paragraph (1), monitor such proposals for the purpose of determining
whether the proposals adequately provide for the health of minorities.
''(c)(1) The Director of the Institute shall serve as an advocate
regarding the health of minorities. The Director may in so serving
carry out advocacy activities regarding the Federal Government, State
and local governments, and private entities, including public and
private educational entities.
''(2) In carrying out paragraph (1), the Director of the Institute
shall determine the health benefits for minorities that should, at a
minimum, be provided for in any reform of the health care system.
''(d) The Director of the Institute shall encourage the creation of
opportunities for the training of minorities as health professionals
and shall facilitate the placement of minorities trained as health
professionals into appropriate positions.''.

SEC. 4. CONFORMING AMENDMENT.

Section 401(b)(1) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C.
281(b)(1)), as amended by section 121 of Public Law 102-321 (106 Stat.
358), is amended by adding at the end the following subparagraph:
''(Q) The National Institute on Minority Health.''.

Ex Output:
National Institute on Minority Health Act - Amends the Public Health Service Act to declare that the National Institute on Minority Health's purpose is the conduct and support of research, training, information dissemination, and other programs regarding minority health, including the advancement of opportunities for and recruitment of minorities for training and placement as health professionals. Adds the Institute to the list of research institutes of the National Institutes of Health.