Answer the following question given this paragraph: The Van de Graaff Generator Van de Graaff generators (or Van de Graaffs) are not only spectacular devices used to demonstrate high voltage due to static electricitythey are also used for serious research. The first was built by Robert Van de Graaff in 1931 (based on original suggestions by Lord Kelvin) for use in nuclear physics research. Figure 18.38 shows a schematic of a large research version. Van de Graaffs utilize both smooth and pointed surfaces, and conductors and insulators to generate large static charges and, hence, large voltages. A very large excess charge can be deposited on the sphere, because it moves quickly to the outer surface. Practical limits arise because the large electric fields polarize and eventually ionize surrounding materials, creating free charges that neutralize excess charge or allow it to escape. Nevertheless, voltages of 15 million volts are well within practical limits. Q: Practical limits of van de graaff generators arise because the large electric fields polarize and eventually do what to surrounding materials? A:
OPTIONS:
- displace
- isolate
- decompose
- ionize

Answer: ionize

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What component of an organism, made up of many cells, in turn makes up an organ? A:
OPTIONS:
- muscles
- molecules
- epidermis
- tissues
Answer: tissues

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Lots of volcanoes form along subduction plate boundaries. The edges of the Pacific Plate are a long subduction boundary. Lines of volcanoes can form at subduction zones on oceanic or continental crust. Japan is an example of a volcanic arc on oceanic crust. The Cascade Range and Andes Mountains are volcanic arcs on continental crust. Q: Lots of volcanoes form along which boundaries? A:
OPTIONS:
- deposit plate bounderies
- basalt plate boundaries
- geyser plate boundaries
- subduction plate boundaries
output: subduction plate boundaries

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Warmer, lighter air is more buoyant than the cooler air above it. So the warm air rises. The cooler air is denser than the air beneath it. So it sinks down. This is convection: warm air rises, and cool air sinks. Warm fluids can undergo convection as well. This is described in the chapter Plate Tectonics . Q: What process is at work when warm air or water rises, and cool air or water sinks? A:

OPTIONS:
- evaporation
- radiation
- moisture
- convection

A: convection

input: OPTIONS:
- Stem
- food
- Apple
- fruit Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Development of Fruit and Fruit Types After fertilization, the ovary of the flower usually develops into the fruit. Fruits are usually associated with having a sweet taste; however, not all fruits are sweet. Botanically, the term "fruit" is used for a ripened ovary. In most cases, flowers in which fertilization has taken place will develop into fruits, and flowers in which fertilization has not taken place will not. Some fruits develop from the ovary and are known as true fruits, whereas others develop from other parts of the female gametophyte and are known as accessory fruits. The fruit encloses the seeds and the developing embryo, thereby providing it with protection. Fruits are of many types, depending on their origin and texture. The sweet tissue of the blackberry, the red flesh of the tomato, the shell of the peanut, and the hull of corn (the tough, thin part that gets stuck in your teeth when you eat popcorn) are all fruits. As the fruit matures, the seeds also mature. Q: What type of seed-bearing structure of a flowering plant usually develop into? A:
A:
output: fruit

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Nitrogen is a diatomic element with five valence electrons. Create a model of a molecule of nitrogen. Q: How many valence electrons does nitrogen have? A:
OPTIONS:
- 4
- 10
- 3
- 5
Answer:
5