Q: Process: - Oxygen enters the body through the mouth or nose - The oxygen travels into the lungs - The oxygen binds to hemoglobin proteins within erythrocytes (red blood cells) - The erythrocytes are pumped through the body by the heart - All cells receive the oxygen. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose cells receive bigger amounts of oxygen happens, how will it affect "LESS oxygen being brought to the bodys cells". Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
A: yes

Question: Process: - Coal is burned in a boiler - Steam is produced under pressure - Flows into a turbine - The turbine spins - Creates electricity. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose there is more pressure happens, how will it affect the turbine will spin faster. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Answer: yes

[Q]: Process: - Water gets into cracks in rocks - The water freezes into ice - The cracks expand - Over time the rocks split - The rocks are now in smaller pieces. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose water freezes less often happens, how will it affect the rock takes longer to split. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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[A]: yes

input: Please answer the following: Process: - Fuel mixes with air - Mix gets inducted into cylinder - Piston compresses the mix - Spark plug emits a spark that ignites it causing combustion - Combustion gases expand - Pushes piston during power stroke - Exhaust valve opens to vent exhaust out tail pipe. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose increase in the strength of a spark happens, how will it affect LESS power being generated by the engine. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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output: yes

Please answer this: Process: - Solar radiation reaches Earth's atmosphere - Some is reflected back into space - The rest of the energy is absorbed by land and oceans, heating the Earth - Heat radiates from Earth to space - Some of this heat is trapped by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere - Human activities such as burning fuel are increasing the amount of greenhouses gases - This causes more heat radiation to stay trapped in our atmosphere - The Earth's temperature rises - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose find a way to release the heat trapped in the atmosphere happens, how will it affect a GREATER greenhouse effect. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer: yes

Question: Process: - A bird picks a spot high spot, often in a tree - The bird collects bits of sticks and grass - The sticks and grasses are placed between support branches - Leaves, mud and spider webs are added to the sticks - The mud, leaves and webs glue the sticks together - The solid nest supports the eggs - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose more gravity of the star increases energy happens, how will it affect more leaves, mud, and spider webs are added. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Answer:
no