Q: Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: In a recent study, researchers have estimated the energy required to produce bottled water, including the energy required to manufacture plastic, make the plastic into bottles, process the water, fill and seal the bottles, transport the bottles, and chill the bottles for use. Combining all the energy input totals for treatment and distribution, researchers found that producing bottled water requires between 5.6 and 10.2 million joules of energy per liter, depending on transportation factors. That's up to 2, 000 times the energy required to produce tap water. To break down the energy requirements, researchers found that producing the plastic bottles and transporting the bottles greatly dominated the energy input. Although some companies are experimenting with producing lightweight bottles or using recycled materials, the researchers calculated that the manufacturing cost is about 4 million joules of energy per plastic bottle weighing 38 grams, and the cap weighing 2 grams. "Our previous work had suggested that bottled water production was an energy intensive process, but we were surprised to see the results, " the researchers said. Transportation costs vary depending on the distance and mode of transport and both factors depend on the type of bottled water. There are two main kinds of bottled water in the US:"spring water" which comes from an underground spring and "purified water",which is city tap water that has received further treatment. For purified water distributed locally by truck within Los Angeles, the total transportation energy is about 1.4 million joules per liter. In the second situation, spring water shipped from Fiji (such as Fiji Spring Water) across the Pacific to Los Angeles, and then delivered locally by truck requires about 4 million joules per liter for transportation. For the spring water, the transportation energy equaled (in the case of Fiji) the energy required to produce the bottle. With this data, the researchers hope that future studies will have the ability to make specific... Question: To reduce the energy required to produce bottled water, some companies are trying _ . - to fill tap water into the plastic bottles directly - to replace the plastic bottles with metal containers - to produce lightweight bottles with recycled materials - to use bicycles to transport and deliver bottled water locally
A: to produce lightweight bottles with recycled materials

Q: Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: An Apple employee is in trouble after the prototype of its top-secret iPhone5 was left in a bar. The as yet unreleased prototype was supposedly "misplaced" at Cava22 in San Francisco. Apple's security team was called in after reports that it had been sold over the internet for PS120. However, technology website Cnet.co.uk reports that the San Francisco Police Department said Apple had not reported the item as lost. Cava22 owner Jose Valle has said that neither the SFPD nor Apple have contacted him, although he does remember getting calls about a lost iPhone last month. It follows a very similar incident in April 2010 when a then-unreleased iPhone4 was left in a beer garden of a German bar in California by an Apple engineer. The lost iPhone4 was also sold over the internet to the technology blog, which paid PS3,000. The incident led to Apple strengthening its already stiff security, for it seems difficult to believe that a virtually identical incident would happen for the second time in two years. Question: It is _ that the iPhone prototypes have been lost in the recent years. - the first time - the second time - the third time - the fourth time
A: the second time

Q: Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: While football fans feel strongly angry about mistakes made by referees because they cannot see clearly what has happened, a small German company is quietly pleased. For Cairos Technologies, mistakes made by referees are the kind of advertising that money cannot buy. The company has developed a tiny chip that fits inside a football and determines whether the ball has crossed the goal line, by being able to discover its exact location on the field. The world football organization, FIFA, has shown interest in the technology. It is very possible that the new technology will be used in the 2006 World Cup in Germany. "We've been testing the technology at the main soccer stadium in Nuremberg for some time and more recently in an under-17 FIFA Cup in Peru," said Gunter Rohmer, a director of the company. "The technology has performed well, and we're pretty optimistic that it will be used at the games in Germany next year." The chip only weighs 12 grams, and is placed in the center of the football. It sends 2,000 signals a second to a receiver network of 12 antennas , placed around the field. The receivers then send information about the ball's location to a central computer, and because it works in real time, it can immediately tell the referee whether a goal has been scored. The chip even can tell when the ball crosses the line in mid-air. Oliver Braun, one of the inventors of the chip, says that _ from German referees was generally positive. Germany sports-wear giant Adidas is also optimistic about using this kind of chip in other ball sports. FIFA aims to test the technology later this year at another game in Japan before deciding whether or not to introduce it in all 12 stadiums in Germany for next year's World Cup. Question: Carlos Technologies is pleased because _ . - football fans are angry with referees - their new product can satisfy football fans - their new product will have a good market - they can sell a lot of football in the future
A: their new product will have a good market

Q: Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: An 8-year-old girl was dragged about 900 feet by a school bus today in Livingston County. According to State Police, the incident occurred about 2:40 pm on State Route 436 in the town of Ossian after three sisters were dropped off the bus. As the last sister was leaving the bus, driver John Coley, 62 , of Wayland, Steuben County, told the police that he was not paying attention when he closed the door and trapped her backpack inside. Coley then continued 900 feet before he realized the girl was being dragged, State Police said. The girl was hurt and was transported to Nicholas H Noyes Memorial Hospital in Dansville,Livingston County, by Dansville Ambulance. Another 8-year-old child on the bus said he hit his head on the seat in front of him when the bus came to a sudden stop, causing an earache. *Conservation staff in New Zealand have put down 33 stranded whales after several attempts to refloat them failed. The whales were shot on Farewell Spit on the South Island. Department of Conservation area manager John Mason says staff and hundreds of volunteers had tried all week to get the whales refloated. He says they thought they were successful on Wednesday when they got the whales into deep water----but were saddened on Thursday to find that they had swum back ashore. He says the condition of the whales had significantly become worse. As well as the 33 whales that were shot,36 had died naturally since Monday and 17 were successfully refloated. 13 remain unknown. Question: The last sister was dragged by the bus because _ . - she stood too close to the bus when getting off - the bus driver stopped the bus suddenly - something was wrong with the bus door - her backpack was stuck in the closed door
A: her backpack was stuck in the closed door