Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

Perl is a family of high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming languages. The languages in this family include Perl 5 and Perl 6.

Though Perl is not officially an acronym, there are various backronyms in use, including "Practical Extraction and Reporting Language". Perl was originally developed by Larry Wall in 1987 as a general-purpose Unix scripting language to make report processing easier. Since then, it has undergone many changes and revisions. Perl 6, which began as a redesign of Perl 5 in 2000, eventually evolved into a separate language. Both languages continue to be developed independently by different development teams and liberally borrow ideas from one another.

The Perl languages borrow features from other programming languages including C, shell script (sh), AWK, and sed. They provide powerful text processing facilities without the arbitrary data-length limits of many contemporary Unix commandline tools, facilitating easy manipulation of text files. Perl 5 gained widespread popularity in the late 1990s as a CGI scripting language, in part due to its then unsurpassed regular expression and string parsing abilities.

In addition to CGI, Perl 5 is used for system administration, network programming, finance, bioinformatics, and other applications, such as for GUIs. It has been nicknamed "the Swiss Army chainsaw of scripting languages" because of its flexibility and power, and also its ugliness. In 1998, it was also referred to as the "duct tape that holds the Internet together", in reference to both its ubiquitous use as a glue language and its perceived inelegance.

1. What is the duct tape that holds the Internet together?
2. When?
3. What's its nickname?
4. Is this a low-level language?
5. What type of family is it?
6. Of what?
7. Which languages are included?
8. What is an unofficial acronym?
9. Who wrote it?
10. When?
11. What was it's original purpose?
12. Was anything borrowed from other languages?
13. What?
14. How did the sixth version begin?
15. Are they the same language?
16. When did 5 become popular?
17. As what?
18. Why?
19. Does it work with GUI?
20. What other apps?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. Perl
2. In 1998, it was also referred to as the "duct tape that holds the Internet together"
3. "the Swiss Army chainsaw of scripting languages
4. no
5. high-level family
6. dynamic programming languages
7. Perl 5 and Perl 6.
8. "Practical Extraction and Reporting Language"
9. Larry Wall
10. in 1987
11. to make report processing easier
12. yes
13. they liberally borrow ideas from one another.
14. as a redesign of Perl 5
15. no
16. the late 1990s
17. as a CGI scripting language
18. because of its then unsurpassed regular expression and string parsing abilities
19. yes
20. network programming, finance, bioinformatics

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

(CNN) -- Serena Williams was forced to pull out of the Madrid Open with a thigh injury ahead of her quarter final tie with Petra Kvitova Friday.

The withdrawal will come as a blow to the world No. 1's preparations for the French Open with the year's second major beginning in two weeks' time.

Williams had been playing with heavy strapping all week, although confirmed she hopes to be able to take part in the Italian Open in Rome next week.

"I have a left thigh injury and, unfortunately, have to withdraw from this year's Madrid Open," Williams told the WTA website.

"It happened during my first round match. It started to get better, but most importantly right now, I just need some time to rest and recover.

"I am planning to play in Rome. Fortunately, I have a bye next week so will have an extra day of rest."

Williams has won the title in Madrid for the last two years and used the event as a springboard to take the French Open crown at Roland Garros last May.

She added: "It's beyond words. It's so frustrating. We couldn't ask for a better tournament and I love it here in Madrid. I love being a champion here."

Elsewhere in the women's draw, Maria Sharapova overcame world No. 2 Li Na 2-6, 7-6 (7/5) 6-3 to reach the semifinals where she will face Poland's Agnieszka Radwanska who defeated surprise package Caroline Garcia 6-4, 4-6, 6-4.

Williams' withdrawal means the second semifinal will pit Kvitova against No.4 seed Simona Halep who trumped the in-form Ana Ivanovic 6-2, 6-2.

1. Did Serena Williams withdraw from the Madrid Open?
2. Why?
3. What part of her was injured?
4. Who was she going to play on Friday?
5. What was she wearing in play earlier in the week?
6. What is she hoping to take part in next week?
7. Where?
8. Who did Maria Sharapova overcome?
9. Who did Radwanska defeat?
10. Where is Radwanska from?
11. When did Williams' injury happen?
12. Then what happened to it?
13. What does she need now?
14. ANything else?
15. Where is the French Open held?
16. When?
17. How many times has Williams won Madrid?
18. Does she hate it there?
19. Which website was Williams talking to?
20. For Williams, Madrid was a springboard for what?

Numbered answers:

A:
1. yes
2. an injury
3. a thigh
4. Petra Kvitova
5. unknown
6. Italian Open
7. Rome
8. Li Na
9. Caroline Garcia
10. Poland
11. her first round match
12. It started to get better
13. some time
14. rest
15. Roland Garros
16. May
17. two
18. no
19. the WTA's
20. to take the French Open crown