In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

[Q]: The beneficial type of this concept would be produced by such factors as the development of an AIDS vaccine, a better educational system, or a more efficient highway system. Costs of this type are not factored into the GDP; therefore, the GDP overstates economic welfare. FTP, name this economic concept in which a third party is affected by production or consumption of a commodity.
[A]: Social Science

[Q]: This philosopher advocated the adoption of a federal system in Considerations on the Government of Poland. He contrasted the natural and physical types of the title concept in his Discourse on Inequality. He also wrote an epistolary novel subtitled The New Heloise, and a treatise dealing with the education of the titular boy, Emile. His most famous work discusses a society controlled by the general will of its people and asserts that man is born free, but is everywhere in chains. For 10 points, name this French philosopher who wrote The Social Contract.
[A]: Social Science

[Q]: One character in a work by this composer repeats the line "Oh messmates take me up, for I'm sinking with the tide" after single-handedly sinking the Turkish Galilee. He's not Dmitri Shostakovich, but one movement of another of his choral works is accompanied by repeated transpositions of the DSCH motif, which is sung to the text "For the sil y fel ow is against me". That work also features the soprano solo "For I Wil Consider My Cat Jeoffrey", and is a setting of the poetry of Christopher Smart. Besides The Golden Vanity and Rejoice in the Lamb, this man composed a work for treble choir which includes movements like "Adam lay i-bounden" and "Balulalow", and whose C-flat major harp interlude quotes the opening processional, "Hodie Christus." This composer of A Ceremony of Carols interpolated such poems as "Futility" and "Strange Meeting" into a Mass in another work. For 10 points, name this composer who set some poems by Wilfred Owen in his War Requiem.
[A]:
Fine Arts