Given a paragraph, generate a claim that is supported by the given paragraph. 1) The claim must contain information from within the paragraph. 2) A sentence within the paragraph can be used as a claim. 3) The claim should not have contradictions within the paragraph. 4) The claim should be at most one sentence long.

Ex Input:
At a hearing in Miami federal court, U.S. District Judge Patricia Seitz said she expects more concrete action and fewer promises from Carnival. "We're not there. And we should be," Seitz said. The cruise company is about halfway through a five-year probation sentence for a 2016 criminal pollution conviction. Chairman Micky Arison, who also owns the Miami Heat, and CEO Arnold Donald both insisted the company is doing a lot, but that it takes time to implement real changes at a company with 120,000 employees, more than 100 cruise ships and nine different brands. "We strive to be perfect," Arison told the judge. "We won't ever be perfect, but we are going to work toward that." Earlier this year, Carnival admitted violating probation from the 2016 criminal case as its ships continued to cause environmental harm around the world since then. It was hit with a $20 million penalty, on top of a $40 million fine imposed in the original case. The environmental problems included allowing plastic to be discharged along with food into water; dumping "gray water" in prohibited places such as Alaska's Glacier Bay National Park; and permitting a corporate culture to persist that does not value compliance with environmental laws. Richard Udell, a Justice Department lawyer specializing in environmental enforcement, cited the recent inability of Carnival to detail what happens to the estimated 50 million plastic bottles used on its ships each year. Carnival, he said, simply told the government they don't keep track of that because they are all supposedly recycled at some of its 700 destinations. Prosecutors want to know if that is really the case, or if often the bottles simply get dumped in the ocean or in landfills by other entities where Carnival ships dock. "If we don't look, we won't know, and if we don't know, we don't care," Udell said. "We hope that we can get past this." Carnival outlined many steps it is taking to phase out use of plastics on its ships, including the bottles, and that it would look deeper into the recycling issue. And Donald, the CEO, said the company's leadership is making every effort to value environmental compliance just as much as ship safety and guest hospitality. "Compliance, environmental protection, safety _ it's the first thing," Donald said. "Without it, we don't have a business." Another status hearing is set for December. _____ Follow Curt Anderson on Twitter: http://twitter.com/Miamicurt

Ex Output:
Judge: Carnival must fix ocean pollution issues faster.

Ex Input:
Low doses of the drug FTY720, also called fingolimod, given to mice once a day for three days eliminated an infection by a virus that can cause meningitis, an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. The findings suggest the drug, which boosted anti-viral immune responses in the mice, may be useful against viruses that cause high-level, long-lasting infections in people such as hepatitis C and HIV, the researchers said. Microbiologist and immunologist John Altman of Emory University in Atlanta, who led the study, said the researchers plan to assess the effects of the drug on other viruses including the monkey version of the AIDS virus. Altman, whose findings were published in the journal Nature, expressed cautious optimism that the drug might work against certain chronic viral infections in people. "We think it's crucial that we do experiments to check it out," Altman said in a telephone interview. The drug is generally considered to be an immunosuppressant that works to restrain the body's natural defenses. That could be helpful in multiple sclerosis, an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks body parts as if they were foreign invaders. But one effect of the drug seems to facilitate the immune response, the researchers said. FTY720 among other things traps white blood cells key soldiers in the immune system's fight against infections in the lymph nodes, Altman said. With viral infections, the lymph nodes are where the immune response can get primed and started, Altman said. Some viruses replicate themselves at high levels in lymph nodes, including the human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS. They tested the drug against a mouse virus called lymphocytic choriomeningitis, which causes chronic infections by escaping immune responses. "In the absence of treatment (with FTY720) we have an exhausted immune response. In the presence of treatment, we regain a robust cellular immune response," Altman said. Swiss drug maker Novartis said in June two multiple sclerosis patients taking FTY720 in clinical trials had problems with infections and one died, but the role of the drug in the cases was unclear. Novartis plans at the end of 2009 to seek approval by the European Union for FTY720 to treat MS, spokeswoman Valerie Tate said by e-mail. The drug is currently in late-stage trials. Altman said his study was backed by the U.S. government's National Institutes of Health and was not funded by Novartis.

Ex Output:
MS drug may work against viral infection: study.

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Half of EU states have designated long lists of drugs that cannot be exported during the coronavirus emergency. The lists include medication used to treat COVID-19 patients such as muscle relaxants, painkillers and hydroxychloroquine. "We ask that national governments lift any export ban on medicines. Such restrictions can lead to shortages elsewhere in the EU," von der Leyen said in a statement. She also called on governments to avoid stockpiling. Bans are usually justified with the need to fulfil national needs, but Europe has so far faced only limited supply problems from the coronavirus crisis. Temporary shortages have been recorded mostly for drugs used to treat critically ill COVID-19 patients, such as anaesthetics, antibiotics and muscle relaxants that allow people to receive breathing support from ventilators. But national lists comprise many more drugs, including some that have wider uses such as the painkiller paracetamol and insulin, used by diabetics. The European Commission on Wednesday adopted new guidance on drugs supplies, which calls on governments to refrain from export bans and from requisitioning medicines. "Whilst it is understandable that countries wish to ensure the availability of essential medicines nationally, export bans are detrimental to the availability of medicines for European patients even when they are legally justifiable," the non-binding document says. France, Poland, Belgium and the Czech Republic are among the EU countries with the longest lists of drugs which are temporarily banned from export. The bans apply mostly to distributors, which cover a large part of the EU market and provide the biggest share of supplies to pharmacies. The new guidelines also called on states to stop excessive stockpiling, which the Commission said could contribute to supply shortages. It warned the worst effects on supplies from stockpiling emerge when countries compete among themselves. The Commission is setting up an EU reserve of critical medicines and medical gear to address future needs.

Ex Output:
EU urges states to lift drug export bans to prevent shortages.