instruction:
Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
question:
The purpose of this study was to determine whether four types of professionalism deficiencies in medical students identified during a first-year course on doctor-patient relationships might predict poor performance in third-year clerkships.', 'Preceptors identified students who had deficiencies in interviewing patients: extreme shyness, poor process skills, paternalism, or a negative attitude toward interviewing. Deficient students were matched by academic ability to a control group. Performance on third-year clerkships was compared.', 'Students with paternalistic behavior or negative attitudes had significantly lower third-year grades.
answer:
Do professionalism deficiencies in a first-quarter doctor-patient relationship course predict poor clinical performance in medical school?

question:
In chronic pain, increased activity from intact or damaged peripheral nerve endings results in an enhanced response in central pain transmission systems, a mechanism known as central sensitization. Central sensitization can also be invoked in human experimental models. Therefore, these models may be useful to characterize novel analgesics in humans. The anticonvulsant gabapentin has demonstrated efficacy in patients with neuropathic pain, but its mode of action remains unclear. This study examined the effects of gabapentin on signs of central sensitization (brush and pinprick hyperalgesia) in a human model of capsaicin-evoked pain, using a gabapentin dosing regimen similar to that used in the clinic. The aims were to determine whether gabapentin, dosed in a manner similar to that used in the clinic, affected the various components of central sensitization and to assess the utility of this model for characterizing novel analgesics.', 'Intradermal capsaicin (100 microg/20 microl) was administered in the volar forearm of 41 male human volunteers to induce pain and clinical signs of central sensitization. Gabapentin (titrated to 2,400 mg daily) or placebo was given orally for 15 days in a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group design. The capsaicin test was conducted at baseline and after gabapentin or placebo. Endpoints were the size of areas of brush-evoked allodynia (with cotton gauze) and pinprick hyperalgesia (with von Frey filament), and the intensity of ongoing brush- and pinprick-evoked pain.', 'Gabapentin significantly reduced the area of brush allodynia compared with placebo (P </= 0.05) and insignificantly attenuated the area of pinprick hyperalgesia. Gabapentin had no significant effect on spontaneous and evoked pain intensity.
answer:
Does chronic oral gabapentin reduce elements of central sensitization in human experimental hyperalgesia?

question:
Ovarian cancer is a well-known disease with a poor prognosis. Due to the relatively small number of cases in Taiwan, the outcome and prognostic factors of patients with primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma are unknown.', "We retrospectively studied patients with proven surgical and pathologic (Federation Internationale de Gynecologie et d'Obstetrique) FIGO IIIC primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma. All patients underwent standard staging surgery, including washing cytology, total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy, infracolic omentectomy and excisional biopsy of all suspicious lesions followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with four to 12 courses of cyclophosphamide, epirubicin and cisplatin (CEP) or cyclophosphamide, adriamycin and cisplatin (CAP) intravenously, every three weeks. To avoid the coeffects of chemotherapy and surgical procedures upon the outcome, patients who received paclitaxel-based regimens or underwent incomplete surgery were excluded. Ninety-eight patients from 1990 to 1996 were identified.", 'The mean follow-up time was 28.7 months, ranging from 5.4 months to 105.9 months. The cumulative five-year disease-free survival rate for all patients was 31.6%. Optimal debulking surgery was completed in 41.8% of patients, which contributed to long-term patient survival (54% vs 16%, p < 0.0001), compared to patients without optimal debulking surgery. Optimal debulking surgery was the only statistically significant independent prognostic factor for five-year disease-free survival using multivariate analysis.
answer:
Is optimal debulking surgery an independent prognostic factor in patients with FIGO IIIC primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma?