input question: I read this background article the other day: Another example of incomplete dominance is with sickle cell anemia, a disease in which a blood protein called hemoglobin is produced incorrectly. This causes the red blood cells to have a sickle shape, making it difficult for these misshapen cells to pass through the smallest blood vessels. A person that is homozygous recessive ( ss ) for the sickle cell trait will have red blood cells that all have the incorrect hemoglobin. A person who is homozygous dominant ( SS ) will have normal red blood cells. I am facing a new situation today: Doctors studied the blood of 2 sisters, Ann and Julie. Ann had sickle cell anemia, Julie did not. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which sister had fewer cells that had a difficulty passing through the smallest blood vessels????
output answer: Julie
I read this background article the other day: Ecology is the study of ecosystems. An ecosystem consists of all the living and nonliving components of the habitat. Whereas nutrients and certain elements are recycled through ecosystems, energy moves in just one direction. Many interactions among species within an ecosystem are centered around the flow of energy. The formation of ecosystems, from new land to current habitats, is usually based on the pioneer species, and these species are able to live in an area due to the nonliving factors, such as the climate, the soil and the amount of rainfall, of that area. The populations within an ecosystem also determine the stability of the system. Recent tremendous increases in the human population have raised many important ecological issues. I am facing a new situation today: Two friends were into natural sciences. Tom was more into Geology, while Rick studied Ecology. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which student read more about nonliving components of the habitat?
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Answer: Rick
Q: I read this background article the other day: Figure B above shows an important relationship between the wavelength and frequency of a wave. The top wave clearly has a shorter wavelength than the second wave. However, if you picture yourself at a stationary point watching these waves pass by, more waves of the first kind would pass by in a given amount of time. Thus the frequency of the first waves is greater than that of the second waves. Wavelength and frequency are therefore inversely related. As the wavelength of a wave increases, its frequency decreases. The equation that relates the two is I am facing a new situation today: Jenna is studying waves and their related characteristics. Today, is she analyzing two different waves, wave D and wave M. Wave D has a very long wavelength, and wave M has a short wavelength. Jenna is making note of this so she can perhaps use this information in future studies. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which wave has a lesser frequency?
A: Wave D
Question: I read this background article the other day: When humans dig up and use fossil fuels, we have an impact on the carbon cycle ( Figure below ). This carbon is not recycled until it is used by humans. The burning of fossil fuels releases more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere than is used by photosynthesis. So, there is more carbon dioxide entering the atmosphere than is coming out of it. Carbon dioxide is known as a greenhouse gas , since it lets in light energy but does not let heat escape, much like the panes of a greenhouse. The increase of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere is contributing to a global rise in Earth's temperature, known as global warming or global climate change. I am facing a new situation today: Space explorers, that launched from Earth, just encountered a new planet several light years away. This planet is almost an exact copy of Earth, but it is currently uninhabited by intelligent life. Upon landing, the explorers name the planet Caprica and begin learning as much as they can. They discover that the species on this Caprica are nearly all the same as on Earth, and even most of the topography looks the same. However, the main difference is that humans never evolved here. For this reason, there are no cities or cars or factories to burn up fossil fuels. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Does Earth need more or less photosynthesis than Caprica
Answer: more
[Q]: I read this background article the other day: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi vary across many environmental gradients. Their tolerance to freezing and drying is known to shift between AM fungal taxa. AM fungi become less prevalent and diverse at higher soil nutrient and moisture concentrations, presumably because both plants allocate less carbon to AM fungi and AM fungi reallocate their resources to intraradical hyphae in these environmental conditions. Over the long term, these environmental conditions can even create local adaptation between plant hosts, AM fungi and the local soil nutrient concentrations. I am facing a new situation today: Greg and Paul were two neighbors. They were both into mycology. Greg researched AM fungi, while Paul studied other types of mycorrhizal fungi. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which researcher learned more about the prevalence of AM fungi at lower soil nutrient concentrations?
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[A]: Greg
Problem: Given the question: I read this background article the other day: When soil is flooded, hypoxia develops, as soil microorganisms consume oxygen faster than diffusion occurs. The presence of hypoxic soils is one of the defining characteristics of wetlands. Many wetland plants possess aerenchyma, and in some, such as water-lilies, there is mass flow of atmospheric air through leaves and rhizomes. There are many other chemical consequences of hypoxia. For example, nitrification is inhibited as low oxygen occurs and toxic compounds are formed, as anaerobic bacteria use nitrate, manganese, and sulfate as alternative electron acceptors. The reduction-oxidation potential of the rhizhosphere decreases and metal ions such as iron and manganese precipitate. Aerenchyma is a modification of the parenchyma. I am facing a new situation today: Owen inherited two pieces of land. The Eastern land was covered in wetlands, not very good for building or farming on it, but the Western land had a good rich soil good for agriculture. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which land didn't have soil with inhibited nitrification?
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The answer is:
Western