Answer the following question given this paragraph: Exposed rocks in desert areas often develop a dark brown or black coating called desert varnish ( Figure below ). Wind transports clay-sized particles that chemically react with other substances at high temperatures. The coating is formed of iron and manganese oxides. Q: What is the term for the dark brown or black coating found on exposed desert rocks, which is formed of iron and manganese oxides? A:

OPTIONS:
- desert patina
- desert shadow
- desert rust
- desert varnish

Answer: desert varnish

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Vivipary refers to the development and nourishment of an embryo within the mother's body but not inside an egg. Birth may be followed by a period of parental care of the offspring. This reproductive strategy occurs in almost all mammals including humans. Q: What refers to the development and nourishment of an embryo within the mother's body but not inside an egg? A:

OPTIONS:
- birth
- adolescence
- ovulation
- vivipary

Answer: vivipary

Answer the following question given this paragraph: into the brain, and the posterior region becomes the spinal cord. Tissues at the edges of the neural groove, when it closes off, are called the neural crest and migrate through the embryo to give rise to PNS structures as well as some non-nervous tissues. The brain develops from this early tube structure and gives rise to specific regions of the adult brain. As the neural tube grows and differentiates, it enlarges into three vesicles that correspond to the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain regions of the adult brain. Later in development, two of these three vesicles differentiate further, resulting in five vesicles. Those five vesicles can be aligned with the four major regions of the adult brain. The cerebrum is formed directly from the telencephalon. The diencephalon is the only region that keeps its embryonic name. The mesencephalon, metencephalon, and myelencephalon become the brain stem. The cerebellum also develops from the metencephalon and is a separate region of the adult brain. The spinal cord develops out of the rest of the neural tube and retains the tube structure, with the nervous tissue thickening and the hollow center becoming a very small central canal through the cord. The rest of the hollow center of the neural tube corresponds to open spaces within the brain called the ventricles, where cerebrospinal fluid is found. Q: The brain develops from this early tube structure and gives rise to specific regions of the adult brain. as the neural tube grows and differentiates, it enlarges into three vesicles that correspond to the forebrain, midbrain, and this? A:

OPTIONS:
- anteriorbrain
- rearbrain
- astrobrain
- hindbrain

Answer: hindbrain

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Immovable joints allow no movement because the bones at these joints are held securely together by dense collagen. The bones of the skull are connected by immovable joints. Q: The bones of the skull are connected by what type of joints? A:

OPTIONS:
- semi-mobile
- pivoting
- adjustable
- immovable

Answer:
immovable