The first list is the people you absolutely want to invite. This could be family members, close friends, or other special people. The second is your back-up list. This is the list of people you would like to invite but don't have space or the budget for. If a person from the first list declines, invite a person from the back-up list. Assume that approximately 20 percent of your invited guests will not be able to attend. Make sure that you have at least this number on your back-up list. This will help you maximize the number of guests who can come to your wedding. Before you send the invitations out, make sure that you are not inviting any more people than your absolute maximum. When you cut guests, go from the lowest priority guests (colleagues, distant family members, family friends you might not know) up to the highest. You don't want to send out last minute invites. Make sure that you send out your first round of invitations early enough so that you can send out a second round later. A good guideline is to send your first invitations three months before the wedding and the second set six to eight weeks before the wedding. This second round of invites should have its own RSVP date. If you are getting married in a small venue, you may find yourself struggling to fit all of your dear friends onto the list. You may consider having a separate guest list for the reception. Explain to your friends that you would love to have them at the wedding but that you are limited with space. A good way to explain it is: "Our venue is so small that we cannot invite everyone we want to the wedding, but we would still love it if you could celebrate with us. You are welcome to join us at the reception." If you have a destination wedding, you may choose to have a reception in your hometown. You can invite all of the friends that could not attend the wedding to this celebration.
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One-sentence summary -- Write two lists. Edit it down. Establish a date when the backup guests will be invited. Consider inviting people to the reception only.

With a male dog, the aim is harder, so emptying his bladder into the toilet would be more difficult. You can stand or squat with the dog. Your left hand should be supporting the dog around his rib cage. You should feel above the base of his genitals for the bladder. Sometimes it is quite high up in the body. The urine must make a right angle turn through the urethra, so don't worry about squeezing toward any direction. Again, continue squeezing until the bladder is flat.
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One-sentence summary -- Take your dog outside. Hold the dog in your left arm, in horizontal position, with its hindquarters resting on your left leg. Reach under the dog with you right hand. Squeeze gently.

Cats that have an inability to urinate or are straining to urinate may have stones. Additional symptoms include painful urination, the presence of blood in urine, and urinating in places other than the litter box, if that is not your cat's normal behavior. If your cat is having a hard time urinating, you should take it to be seen by a vet immediately. This is a life-threatening problem that requires immediate veterinary intervention. It occurs most often in male cats. Ignoring the signs of stones can cause your cat a great deal of discomfort. If left untreated, obstructions can block the flow of urine, which can become toxic, or grow so large that the bladder bursts. If you are unsure whether your cat has an infected or blocked urinary tract or stones, it is always best to have them examined by your veterinarian to make sure. The veterinarian should perform diagnostic tests on your cat, such as X-rays, ultrasounds, blood tests to check for toxins and elevated white blood cell counts (a sign of infection), and palpation. Untreated urinary stones and crystals can also lead to kidney failure in cats. While all cats and dogs can get stones, some breeds of cats are more susceptible than others. If your cat has had a stone in the past, it is more likely to get one again. Keep an eye out for the symptoms and get regular veterinary checkups, so that you can get veterinary treatment quickly if the condition appears again. If your cat has had stones in the past, periodic urinalysis or ultrasound examination may be helpful. This can help you to detect stones early and will allow you to make adjustments to your cat's diet or ongoing treatment.
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One-sentence summary -- Look for any signs of urinary problems. Have your veterinarian examine the cat. Keep a close eye on cats prone to stones.

Most states have specific requirements for a learner's permit: a driving student must have completed a certain amount of written driver's education, and (in some places) some hours at an accredited driving school as well. In most places, a learner's permit allows its holder to practice driving during specific times of the day, and in the presence of an older licensed driver. It's totally natural to be nervous about teaching your child to drive. If you're tense and snappy throughout the process, though, your teen will sense that, and it will not reflect well in their driving. Do your best to be kind and calm, especially if you're naturally a nervous driver. Be aware of your body language as well as your words. If you sense yourself balling up your fists or tensing your shoulders, try to relax them. Remember that your child has a learner's permit; they already know quite a bit about the mechanics and safety of driving. You don't have to recite the Driver's Ed textbook at them. You only need to help them practice. This is a classic for good reason. With plenty of space and no one to get in the way, a parking lot is a great setting for low-pressure lessons. Plan to have your first lesson together here on a clear, sunny day. Try to avoid doing this in the cold--ice has a way of making an easy lesson difficult. On your way to the parking lot for the first lesson, point out to your teen what you're doing, and why. Are you accelerating? Why are you stopping? Who has the right of way at this intersection? Stop the car, remove the keys, then switch seats with your child. This may be their first time behind the wheel of a non-driver's-school car, so give them a moment to adjust. Encourage your child to start the car. Pick out a nearby marker (like a trash can or light post). Then tell them to drive in a straight line in the direction of the object, then stop. Next, have them try reversing a few feet. Encourage your teen to circle slowly, both clockwise and counterclockwise. Then try making corners, instead of smooth circles. Even though there's no one else in the parking lot, make sure your teen is using the turn signals. Be careful not to do "doughnuts" (tight, skidding loops): they are dangerous, and you and your teen could get in trouble. Driving can be stressful, and a long lesson will wear on both of you. Try to cap your time at fifteen or twenty minutes--you can always come back to practice later in the week.
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One-sentence summary --
Make sure your teen has a learner's permit. Take a deep breath. Locate a quiet parking lot. Narrate your driving. Check that the parking lot is empty. Start with straight lines. Do some simple loops. Keep the first lesson short.