Problem: - The sound travels in waves, as sound does - The sound 'bounces' off of a nearby object - The sound wave returns to the bat - The bat hears the echoed sound - Folds in the bat's ear and adaptations in the bat's brain enable it to determine the size, shape, and position of the other object via the properties of the returned sound waves - Other animals use echolocation in generally similar ways - What might be the first step of the process?

A: Bats and other animals produce a high-pitched tone

Problem: - The water comes into contact with the rock below - The rock over the years carves through the rock - The space in the rock becomes larger and forms into a cave - As more rather rushes through the cave becomes a cavern. What might be the first step of the process?

A: Water from the surface seeps below the soil

Problem: - As water expands it puts great pressure on the walls of anything containing it, including any rocks which happen to be surrounding it - The force of the pressure exerted on the rock surrounding it is enough to wedge the walls of the crack farther apart, thus expanding and deepening the crack - Clay expends when wet like ice does - This causes rock to break apart - Some plants like mosses and lichens are capable of growing without soil on bare rock - When they do this their roots penetrate pores and crevices and cause rocks to split apart as the roots force their way down through the rocks - What might be the first step of the process?

A: When water freezes it becomes 10% bigger, or takes up 10% more space

Problem: - The waves contain sediment from the ocean - The water and particles in it hit rocks and sand on the beach - The wind and current sometimes push the water and particles harder - Tiny parts of the rocks on the shore come off the larger rocks - The waves pick up sand and small rocks from the beach - The waves go back out into the ocean - The waves carry the new particles with them - Rocks and the beach look a little different. What might be the first step of the process?

A:
Water from the ocean washes onto beaches in waves