Ques: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Carboxylic acids are weak acids (see the chapter on acids and bases), meaning they are not 100% ionized in water. Generally only about 1% of the molecules of a carboxylic acid dissolved in water are ionized at any given time. The remaining molecules are undissociated in solution. We prepare carboxylic acids by the oxidation of aldehydes or alcohols whose OH functional group is located on the carbon atom at the end of the chain of carbon atoms in the alcohol:. Q: Carboxylic acids are weak acids, meaning they are not 100% ionized in what? Choices: - air - ethanol - liquid - water A:
Ans: water

Ques: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Osmotic pressure is important in biological systems because cell walls are semipermeable membranes. In particular, when a person is receiving intravenous (IV) fluids, the osmotic pressure of the fluid needs to be approximately the same as blood serum; otherwise bad things can happen. Figure 11.4 "Osmotic Pressure and Red Blood Cells" shows three red blood cells: Figure 11.4 "Osmotic Pressure and Red Blood Cells"a shows a healthy red blood cell. Figure 11.4 "Osmotic Pressure and Red Blood Cells"b shows a red blood cell that has been exposed to a lower concentration than normal blood serum (a socalled hypotonic solution); the cell has plumped up as solvent moves into the cell to dilute the solutes inside. Figure 11.4 "Osmotic Pressure and Red Blood Cells"c shows a red blood cell exposed to a higher concentration than normal blood serum (hypertonic); water leaves the red blood cell, so it collapses onto itself. Only when the solutions inside and outside the cell are the same (isotonic) will the red blood cell be able to do its job. Q: Osmotic pressure is important in biological systems because cell walls are what? Choices: - impassable - theonym membranes - variably membranes - semipermeable membranes A:
Ans: semipermeable membranes

Ques: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Composed largely of the polysaccharide chitin, the exoskeleton provides an effective barrier defense against most what? Choices: - parasites - white blood cells - vaccines - pathogens A:
Ans: pathogens

Ques: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Long bones are longer than they are wide and have a shaft and two ends. The diaphysis, or central shaft, contains bone marrow in a marrow cavity. The rounded ends, the epiphyses, are covered with articular cartilage and are filled with red bone marrow, which produces blood cells (Figure 38.17). Most of the limb bones are long bonesfor example, the femur, tibia, ulna, and radius. Exceptions to this include the patella and the bones of the wrist and ankle. Q: What is contained in the cavity of a long bone's central shaft? Choices: - blood - calcium - cells - marrow A:
Ans:
marrow