In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Q: Context: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an established indicator of all-cause mortality in a coronary care unit (CCU), and evaluating the risks of renal dysfunction can guide treatment decisions. In this study we used the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score to predict the incidence of AKI in CCU patients who had not undergone coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) after a cardiac angiogram.', 'The study cohort comprised 126 patients diagnosed with 2 or 3 coronary vessels disease who did not receive CABG during their hospital course. This study was performed in the CCU of a tertiary referral university hospital between September 2012 and August 2013. The STS score was evaluated with adjustment in all patients and the outcomes of the risk of mortality, morbidity, or mortality and renal failure were selected for predicting assessment. Furthermore, the performance of the STS scores was compared with that of other scoring systems.', 'A total of 28.5% (36 of 126) of the patients had AKI of varying severity. For predicting AKI, the STS renal failure score was excellent, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.851 0.039, p < 0.001. When compared with other scoring systems, the STS renal failure score demonstrated the highest discriminatory power, the most favorable Youden index, and the highest overall correctness of prediction.\Question: Do society of Thoracic Surgeons score predicts kidney injury in patients not undergoing bypass surgery?

A: The STS score is an effective tool for predicting AKI in patients with coronary artery disease who have not undergone CABG. Frequent monitoring of serum creatinine level or early application of AKI biomarkers are warranted for STS renal failure 5.7% or greater.
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Q: Context: Several Northern Hemisphere Drosera species have been used in the therapy of respiratory tract infections as the traditional medicine Droserae Herba.', 'To determine the anti-inflammatory effects of Drosera species and to investigate a substitute material for Droserae Herba, we examined the effect of extracts of Drosera rotundifolia, Drosera tokaiensis and Drosera spatulata on activated T cell membrane (aTc-m)-induced inflammatory gene expression in HMC-1 human mast cells.', 'Drosera rotundifolia, Drosera spatulata and Drosera tokaiensis were collected in Japan. Herbs were extracted with 80% EtOH, and subsequently applied to OASIS HLB column. HMC-1 cells were treated with each Drosera column-adsorbed fraction for 15min, and subsequently added to aTc-m and incubated for 16h. Inflammatory gene and protein expressions were determined by DNA microarray, RT-PCR and Western blotting.', 'Drosera rotundifolia and Drosera tokaiensis fractions, but not the Drosera spatulata fraction, suppressed inflammatory gene expression induced by aTc-m in HMC-1 cells.\Question: Do drosera rotundifolia and Drosera tokaiensis suppress the activation of HMC-1 human mast cells?

A: Drosera rotundifolia and Drosera tokaiensis suppressed activation of HMC-1 cells induced by aTc-m. Since the Drosera tokaiensis fraction was more effective than the traditionally used Drosera rotundifolia, Drosera tokaiensis is a likely substitute as a source of Droserae Herba.
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Q: Context: To prospectively investigate the presence and counts of archaea in feces of 472 children in association with weight development from 6 to 10years of age.', 'Within the KOALA Birth Cohort Study, a single fecal sample from each child was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction to quantify archaea (Methanobrevibacter smithii, Methanosphera stadtmanae). Anthropometric outcomes (overweight [body mass index {BMI}85th percentile], age- and sex-standardized BMI, weight, and height z-scores) were repeatedly measured at ages (meanSD) of 6.20.5, 6.80.5, 7.80.5, and 8.80.5years. Generalized estimating equation was used for statistical analysis while controlling for confounders.', 'Methanobrevibacter smithii colonization was associated with an increased risk of overweight (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=2.69; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.96-7.54) from 6 to 10years of age. Children with high levels (>7 log10 copies/g feces) of this archaeon were at highest risk for overweight (OR=3.27; 95% CI 1.09-9.83). Moreover, M. smithii colonization was associated with higher weight z-scores (adj. 0.18; 95% CI 0.00-0.36), but not with height. For BMI z-scores, the interaction (P=0.008) between M. smithii and age was statistically significant, implying children colonized with M. smithii had increasing BMI z-scores with age.\Question: Is gut colonization with methanobrevibacter smithii associated with childhood weight development?

A:
Presence and higher counts of M. smithii in the gut of children are associated with higher weight z-scores, higher BMI z-scores, and overweight.
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