Premise:
"The Pilot remained at his post to the actual landing, his only thought that of breaking the force of the crash, of maintaining the spaceworthiness of the vessel."
Hypothesis: The man grabbed a parachute and bailed immediately.

no

Premise:
"Linked to the Vatican by a thick-walled passage, it served as a hideout for popes in times of danger, notably Pope Clement VII, who holed up here for a month during the sack of Rome by Habsburg troops in 1527 ."
Hypothesis: The popes used to hide here during dangerous periods.

yes

Premise:
"They had pistols and he took them from the men and killed them."
Hypothesis: He shot the men in the head.
it is not possible to tell