Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Q: Context: Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is a benign disorder with a variable clinical course that often leads to hospitalization. The aim of this study was to assess and validate the relationship between the serum cystatin C level and symptom duration in infants with TTN.', 'Forty newborns presenting with TTN and who had undergone serum cystatin C (Cys C) tests on the first day of admission to the Kyung Hee University Hospital (Seoul, Korea) from 2009 to 2013 were included. The serum Cys C level, creatinine (Cr) level, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and tachypnea duration were correlated retrospectively.', 'The median gestation period was 37.83.8 weeks and the mean birth weight was 3.20.4kg. Tachypnea duration was 3.32.0 days. Serum Cys C and Cr levels were 1.70.2mg/L and 0.81.2mg/dL, respectively. Tachypnea duration was significantly positively correlated with the serum levels of Cys C and significantly negatively correlated with Cys C-based eGFR (p=0.016), but was not significantly correlated with the serum Cr level or Cr-based eGFR. When tachypnea duration was compared between infants with Cys C level <1.6mg/L (n=15; Group A) and infants with Cys C level1.6mg/L (n=25; Group B), the symptom duration was significantly shorter in Group A infants (p=0.011).
Answer: Tachypnea duration was shorter with higher Cys C-based eGFR in infants with TTN.

A: Does decreased Cystatin C-Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate be Correlated with Prolonged Hospital Stay in Transient Tachypnea of Newborn Infants?
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Q: Context: The ability to achieve significant donor engraftment without fully myeloablative conditioning has revolutionized allogeneic stem cell transplantation. These nonmyeloablative approaches may allow extension of this potentially curative modality to an increasing number of patients including those with non-malignant diseases. Although a number of regimens have been explored, the optimal means of conditioning has not been determined.', 'We previously demonstrated that rapamycin (RAPA) has the ability to promote T-cell tolerance even in the presence of costimulation. In the current study, we examine the ability of rapamycin or the calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporine A (CSA) to promote chimerism in a murine haploidentical bone marrow transplantation model. Mice were conditioned with 300 cGy and received either RAPA at 3 mg/kg/day IP, CSA at 20 mg/kg/day IP, or no immunosuppression starting on the day before the transplant and continued for 4 weeks.', 'There was no apparent toxicity, and animals maintained normal blood counts throughout. More importantly, long-term macrochimerism was observed only in the RAPA-treated group.
Answer: These results establish a simple, nontoxic, irradiation-based regimen that facilitates engraftment without ablation. This strategy may prove useful in nonmalignant disorders such as hemoglobinopathies in which moderate levels of donor chimerism could prove curative.

A: Does low-dose radiation plus rapamycin promote long-term bone marrow chimerism?
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Q: Context: Data on antimicrobial prophylaxis for open fractures is limited, with many protocols based on expert recommendations. These protocols include aminoglycosides (AGs) for fractures with significant soft tissue injury, but these drugs are associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) in other settings; this risk has not been defined for open fracture prophylaxis.', 'We performed a retrospective study from May 2012 to October 2014 at our Level 1 trauma center. Patients with open fractures were evaluated for demographics, location/type of fracture, injury severity, and receipt of an AG. Outcomes included rates of AKI, infection, and mortality.', 'There were 167 patients with open fractures during the study period (119 males, mean age 4217 [standard deviation] years), with 80 (48%) receiving prophylactic gentamicin (AG+ group). The AG+ and AG- patients had similar fracture sites and Injury Severity Scores (ISSs) (12.69.9 AG+ vs. 15.913.2 AG-) but were more likely to have sustained blunt trauma (96% AG+ vs. 77%; p<0.001) or received intravenous contrast medium 48h from admission (75% AG+ vs. 56% AG-; p=0.01). Gentamicin was not associated with AKI (odds ratio [OR] 0.22; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.020-2.44; p=0.22), whereas hypotension on admission (OR 10.7; 95% CI 1.42-80.93; p=0.02) and ISS (OR 1.1; 95% CI 1.01-1.20; p=0.02) were both associated with AKI. Only four fracture site infections were identified, three in the AG+ group and one in the AG- group (3.8% vs. 1.1%; p=0.27). The mortality rate was greater in the AG- group (3.8% vs. 12.6%; p=0.04).
Answer: Prophylactic gentamicin is not associated with AKI, whereas hypotension on admission and higher ISS were. The use of nephrotoxic agents, including aminoglycosides, should be restricted in open fracture patients presenting with hypotension or a high ISS.

A:
Is prophylactic Gentamicin Associated with Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Open Fractures?
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