Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Input: Consider Input: Trauma centers are currently benchmarked on mortality outcomes alone. However, pay-for-performance measures may financially penalize centers based on complications. Our objective was to determine whether the results would be similar to the current standard method of mortality-based benchmarking if trauma centers were profiled on complications.', 'We analyzed data from the National Trauma Data Bank from 2007 to 2010. Patients 16 years or older with blunt or penetrating injuries and an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 9 or higher were included. Risk-adjusted observed-to-expected (O/E) mortality ratios for each center were generated and used to rank each facility as high, average, or low performing. We similarly ranked facilities on O/E morbidity ratios defined as occurrence of any major complication. Concordance between hospital performance rankings was evaluated using a weighted statistic. Correlation between morbidity- and mortality-based O/E ratios was assessed using Pearson coefficients. Sensitivity analyses were performed to mitigate the competing risk of death for the morbidity analyses.', 'A total of 449,743 patients from 248 facilities were analyzed. The unadjusted morbidity and mortality rates were 10.0% and 6.9%, respectively. No correlation was found between morbidity- and mortality-based O/E ratios (r = -0.01). Only 40% of the centers had similar performance rankings for both mortality and morbidity. Of the 31 high performers for mortality, only 11 centers were also high performers for morbidity. A total of 78 centers were ranked as average, and 11 ranked as low performers on both outcomes. Comparison of hospital performance status using mortality and morbidity outcomes demonstrated poor concordance (weighted = 0.03, p = 0.22).

Output: 0

Input: Consider Input: Although moderate (conscious) sedation is intended during elective gastrointestinal endoscopy, unintended levels of deep sedation occur. The aims of this study were to prospectively evaluate the incidence and risk factors of deep sedation during elective endoscopy with meperidine and midazolam intended to maintain a level of moderate sedation.', "Eighty American Society of Anesthesiology class 1-2, outpatients presenting for elective esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), colonoscopy, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) were offered enrollment. Intravenous meperidine and midazolam were administered according to a standardized protocol. Hemodynamic parameters and levels of sedation were assessed and recorded by a single observer at 3-min intervals. The Modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (MOAA/S) scale (ranging 1-5) is a subjective sedation assessment scale used to assess sedation levels. Occurrence of deep sedation, defined by MOAA/S 1-2, was recorded. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to assess predictors of deep sedation.", 'Deep sedation occurred in 54/80 (68%) patients for a total of 204/785 (26%) of total sedation assessments. The percentage of deep sedation episodes of all sedation-level observations by procedure was 26% for EGD, 11% for colonoscopy, 35% for ERCP, and 29% for EUS. Deep sedation occurred at least once in 60% of EGD, 45% of colonoscopy, 85% of ERCP, and 80% of EUS. Multivariable analysis showed that only ERCP and EUS were independent risk factors of deep sedation.

Output: 1

Input: Consider Input: Although ionizing radiation (IR) has been demonstrated to attenuate vessel wall restenosis and intimal hyperplasia (IH), dose-related mural injury and atrophy are possible deleterious side effects. We tested the hypothesis that a radiosensitizing strategy may improve IR-induced inhibition of in vivo vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) without influencing apoptotic cell death.', 'In 28 New Zealand White rabbits, the right common carotid artery (CCA) was injured and subjected to low-flow conditions to promote IH. The CCA was transfected with an adenoviral vector incorporating the cytosine deaminase (CD) gene (1 x 10(9) PFU/ml). 5-Fluorocytosine (5-FC), a prodrug that is converted to the radiosensitizing agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by CD, was thereafter administered intravenously. The CCA was exposed to 5 Gy IR at 24 h. Intimal/medial (I/M) area and thickness ratios were determined in the harvested CCAs at 14 days. VSMC proliferative and apoptotic indices were assessed with immunohistochemistry.', 'A 50% reduction in I/M area was found in rabbits treated with IR and IR + CD/5-FC (0.19 +/- 0.03 and 0.18 +/- 0.02) when compared with untreated controls (UC) (0.37 +/- 0.06) (P = 0.005). This finding was substantiated by attenuation of I/M thickness in the IR groups [0.47 +/- 0.13 (IR), 0.41 +/- 0.11 (IR + CD/5-FC), 0.61 +/- 0.17 (UC)] (P = 0.007). The number of proliferating VSMCs was notably smaller when IR was combined with CD/5-FC (4.17 +/- 1.16 vs 2.97 +/- 1.09 log transformed cells/mm(2), P < 0.07). Apoptosis was similar in all groups.
Output: 0