Write an article based on this "Groom the horse before putting on a saddle. Run up the stirrup irons on the stirrup leathers. Detach the girth and set it aside. Put a contoured pad and the saddle on together, as one option. Place a square pad, then the saddle, on the horse as another option. Slide the saddle back a bit until it settles into place."
article: Any dirt or loose hair that gets caught between the horse and the saddle can cause chafing and discomfort. A quick grooming session with a curry comb, dandy brush, and soft brush will remove any debris that could cause problems. Grooming also calms a horse, which will make saddling it easier. In other words, lift up the dangling stirrups and tuck them under the seat of the saddle. This keeps them out of the way while you put the saddle on the horse. If you don't do this before putting the saddle on, the stirrups will get in your way and may clang against the sides of the horse, causing discomfort and anxiety. The girth is the strap that buckles at each side of the saddle and loops underneath the horse's midsection. Unbuckle it from the saddle so it's out of the way when you put the saddle on the horse. Alternatively, leave the girth buckled on the right-hand side and fold it over the top of the saddle. But it's just as easy to unbuckle it completely. English saddles have 3 billets (straps with sizing holes) on each side, and the girth will be buckled to 2 of these billets per side. A contoured pad nestles under the saddle before you place the combination onto the horse. Nestle the pad underneath, then position yourself on the left-hand side of the horse and make sure it knows you're there. Carefully lay the saddle over the horse's back, so that the pommel of the saddle is just barely behind the withersthe ridge between the front shoulder blades that marks the high point of the back. There should be at least 1in (2.5cm) of pad visible all the way around the edge of the saddle. If there isn't, the pad isn't large enough. If the horse is a bit skittish or not used to being saddled, be extra gentle and encourage it with a soothing voice. With a square pad, you place the pad on the horse's back, then follow up with the saddle. Stand on the horse's left-hand side, making sure it is aware of your presence. Gently lay the pad over the center of the horse's back, starting it right at the withers. Follow this by gently putting on the saddle, making sure at least 1in (2.5cm) of the pad is protruding beyond the edges of the saddle. Otherwise, use a bigger pad. Some square pads have a loop on either side that you feed a billet (adjustable strap) through to secure the pad and saddle together. If your pad has loops, make sure they're near the horse's front shoulders. The saddle is in the proper position when it rests level on the horse's back. With practice, you can visually confirm that it's levelto be sure though, try placing a piece of chalk on the center of the saddle. When the saddle is level, the chalk won't roll off. Don't slide the saddle forward, since this goes against the direction of hair growth and causes discomfort to the horse. If necessary, lift the saddle off and place it further forward to begin with.

Write an article based on this "Sit up straight and relax your arm muscles. Move your whole hand and wrist when you're writing. Lift your pen between strokes. Practice lower-case letters first, then upper-case. Compare the negative space in your letters to the samples to find errors."
article: Practicing good posture, with your back straight and your shoulders back, will give you better control over the pen, and it will help keep your letters neat and even. Also, try to keep your arm relaxed. If you grip the pen too tightly, your letters will be messy, and it will hard to get the artistic flair that's characteristic of this lettering style. Try keeping both feet on the floor while you're writing. If you notice yourself getting stiff or tired, stand up and stretch for a few minutes. Calligraphy is about broad strokes, so you don't want to just move the pen with your fingers. Make sure your whole hand is engaged, including your wrist, as you create the strokes. Although it might not seem like it, this will actually give you more control over your letters, and it will get easier with practice. In calligraphy, letters are typically made with a number of strokes. To ensure your serifs are visible and each line is precise, lift your pen after you make each stroke. It's okay to make a line and a serif without lifting your pen, if you'd like. Upper-case Gothic calligraphy tends to be more ornate than lower-case letters, with extra serifs and flourishes that can be difficult for a beginner. Take your time studying lower-case letters first. Once you're comfortable with those, move on to capital letters. The empty space in a letter, like the opening inside of an "o" or the space between the lines in an "m," can be helpful when you're trying to correct a shape that isn't quite right. Look at the spaces and compare them to your sample letters to see if you can spot where you're making an error. For instance, by looking at the negative space, you might notice that there's an uneven amount of space on either side of the middle line in an "m," or that one serif is too low when you're drawing the "o."

Write an article based on this "Try to remain calm and back away slowly. Make yourself big. Repel an attacking tiger with noise. Do whatever you can to survive."
article:
In the event that a tiger is tracking you or has begun to snarl at you and seems ready to attack, try to stay calm. Do not look the tiger in the eye, but do turn towards the tiger. Back away slowly while fighting the urge to turn your back and run. Keep walking backwards until the tiger is well out of sight, then turn and move quickly away from the location of the tiger. Try to look and feel brave. Whatever you do, do not run. Running away from a tiger is all but inviting it to attack you. Inciting a chase can literally prompt an uncertain tiger into attacking. While slowly backing away, stand up as tall as possible. Make yourself look like less of a helpless prey animal by standing up straight. Crouched down, you look weaker and smaller both of which will increase the chances that a tiger will attack. Even simple sounds may frighten a tiger off if they are not accustomed to the noise. Make noise with anything you have, especially if it makes a loud or unnatural sound. If you have a firearm, shoot it into the air. If you have a signal flare, light it and hold it in front of you. Jingle or shake any metal or glass items against one another. If you attempt to shout at the tiger, do so with full confidence. Any nervousness that is betrayed by your voice may incite the tiger to attack. If the tiger begins to physically attack, it is unlikely to stop. Continue making as much noise as possible, and use whatever you have to shield yourself and strike back in self defense. Avoid playing dead; if the tiger is attacking out of an interest in eating you, it will simply proceed unencumbered. Remember that your best chance of survival is convincing the tiger to flee, which will require you to frighten or injure the tiger. If you are lucky enough to survive an attack, work to stop any bleeding and get medical attention as quickly as possible.