[Q]: John is trying to figure out how substance passes through the cell membrane. He noticed two different cases, case A and case B. In case A active transport is involved, but in case B diffusion is involved. He needs to do further study to learn about the details of these processes. Which case would require energy input, case A or case B?
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[A]: case A

[Q]: Big continent used more air polluting substances, while Small continent was very protective towards the environment. Big continent got a hole in its ozone layer as a consequence of their actions. Which continent used more aerosol sprays?
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[A]: Big

[Q]: Idaho and Utah had many wildfires. Idaho had more wildfires during the day, while Utah had wildfires occur at night. Which state has more wildfires resulting from the daytime warmth?
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[A]: Idaho

[Q]: Jim and Robert are identical twins both getting their yearly physical check ups at the doctor's office. They are trying to figure out if they are at risk for any future health problems. Both of them consume the same diet and exercise the same amount, and were both raised in the exact same environment. But, Jim has smoked tobacco frequently for several years and Robert has never smoked tobacco in his life. Who is at a higher risk for getting bladder cancer the future?
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[A]:
Jim