question: Near East (French: Proche-Orient) is a geographical term that roughly encompasses Western Asia. Despite having varying definitions within different academic circles, the term was originally applied to the maximum extent of the Ottoman Empire. The term has fallen into disuse in English, and has been replaced by the term Middle East.

The Encyclopdia Britannica defines the Near East as including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Cyprus, Egypt, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, the West Bank, and Yemen. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations defines the region similarly, but also includes Afghanistan while excluding the countries of North Africa and the Palestinian territories. According to the National Geographic Society, the terms Near East and Middle East denote the same territories and are 'generally accepted as comprising the countries of the Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestinian territories, Syria, and Turkey'.
1. How many countries are in an encyclopedia's definition of a term?
2. What is the term?
3. Is that term still used?
4. What is used now?
5. What is a more rough definition of the area?
6. How was it used at the beginning?
7. What is the French version of the term?
8. What areas does a society think is a part of it?
9. Do groups agree on the meaning of it?
10. Who else has a meaning for it?
****
answer: 1. 22
2. the Near East
3. not in English
4. Middle East.
5. Western Asia
6. it applied to the maximum extent of the Ottoman Empire
7. Proche-Orient
8. the countries of the Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestinian territories, Syria, and Turkey'.
9. No
10. The Food and Agriculture Organization

question: Madison is the capital of the U.S. state of Wisconsin and the county seat of Dane County. As of July 1, 2016, Madison's estimated population of 252,551 made it the second largest city in Wisconsin, after Milwaukee, and the 82nd largest in the United States. The city forms the core of the United States Census Bureau's Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Dane County and neighboring Iowa, Green, and Columbia counties. The Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area's 2010 population was 568,593.

Founded in 1829 on an isthmus between Lake Monona and Lake Mendota, Madison was named the capital of the Wisconsin Territory in 1836 and became the capital of the state of Wisconsin when it was admitted to the Union in 1848. That same year, the University of Wisconsin was founded in Madison and the state government and university have become the city's two largest employers. The city is also known for its lakes, restaurants, and extensive network of parks and bike trails, with much of the park system designed by landscape architect John Nolen.

Since the 1960s, Madison has been a center of political liberalism, influenced in part by the presence of the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Madison's origins begin in 1829, when former federal judge James Duane Doty purchased over a thousand acres (4km) of swamp and forest land on the isthmus between Lakes Mendota and Monona, with the intention of building a city in the Four Lakes region. He purchased 1,261 acres for $1,500. When the Wisconsin Territory was created in 1836 the territorial legislature convened in Belmont, Wisconsin. One of the legislature's tasks was to select a permanent location for the territory's capital. Doty lobbied aggressively for Madison as the new capital, offering buffalo robes to the freezing legislators and promising choice Madison lots at discount prices to undecided voters. He had James Slaughter plat two cities in the area, Madison and "The City of Four Lakes", near present-day Middleton.
1. WHat is the capital of the U.S state of Wisconsin?
2. When was it founded?
3. What is the City known for?
4. What was it's populationi as of July 1, 2016?
5. Is it also known for it's extensive network of parks and bike trails?
6. What Wisconsin city is it second largest after?
7. When did it become the state capital?
8. What University is said to be a factor as it being a center of political liberalism?
9. What former Judge purchased over 1000 acres to begin Madison's origins?
10. How much did he purchase the 1,261acres for?
11. What did Doty use to aggressively lobbie Madison as the new capital?
12. What is Madisons two largest employers?
13. Who was it's park system designed by?
****
answer: 1. Madison
2. 1829,
3. lakes
4. 252,551
5. yes
6. Milwaukee
7. 1848
8. University of Wisconsin-Madison
9. James Duane Doty
10. $1,500
11. promising choice Madison lots at discount prices to undecided voters
12. the state government and university
13. John Nolen

question: As the number of possible tests for even simple software components is practically infinite, all software testing uses some strategy to select tests that are feasible for the available time and resources. As a result, software testing typically (but not exclusively) attempts to execute a program or application with the intent of finding software bugs (errors or other defects). The job of testing is an iterative process as when one bug is fixed, it can illuminate other, deeper bugs, or can even create new ones.

Although testing can determine the correctness of software under the assumption of some specific hypotheses (see hierarchy of testing difficulty below), testing cannot identify all the defects within software. Instead, it furnishes a criticism or comparison that compares the state and behavior of the product against oraclesprinciples or mechanisms by which someone might recognize a problem. These oracles may include (but are not limited to) specifications, contracts, comparable products, past versions of the same product, inferences about intended or expected purpose, user or customer expectations, relevant standards, applicable laws, or other criteria.
1. What is infinite?
2. What do these tests find?
3. Once it's fixed is everything good to go?
4. Why not?
5. Can testing identify everything?
6. What did it do instead?
7. Are contracts included in the oracles?
8. How many things were oracles?
9. What did software testing typically attempt to do?
10. What type of process is the job?
****
answer:
1. possible tests
2. software bugs
3. no
4. it can illuminate or create new ones
5. no
6. it furnishes a criticism
7. yes
8. more than eight
9. execute a program
10. iterative