In this task, you are given a abstract of article and corresponding title of an article. Your task is to generate label "yes" if title is right for article, otherwise generate "no".
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Question: Abstract: How the number of immune cells recruited to sites of infection is determined and adjusted to differences in the cellular stoichiometry between host and pathogen is unknown. Here, we have uncovered a role for reactive oxygen species (ROS) as sensors of microbe size. By sensing the differential localization of ROS generated in response to microbes of different size, neutrophils tuned their interleukin (IL)-1 expression via the selective oxidation of NF-B, in order to implement distinct inflammatory programs. Small microbes triggered ROS intracellularly, suppressing IL-1 expression to limit neutrophil recruitment as each phagocyte eliminated numerous pathogens. In contrast, large microbes triggered ROS extracellularly, amplifying IL-1 expression to recruit numerous neutrophils forming cooperative clusters. Defects in ROS-mediated microbe size sensing resulted in large neutrophil infiltrates and clusters in response to small microbes that contribute to inflammatory disease. These findings highlight the impact of ROS localization on signal transduction.. Title: Reactive Oxygen Species Localization Programs Inflammation to Clear Microbes of Different Size

Answer: yes

Question: Abstract: UNLABELLED Morphological characteristics of dendritic spines form the basis of cognitive ability. However, molecular mechanisms involved in fine-tuning of spine morphology during development are not fully understood. Moreover, it is unclear whether, and to what extent, these developmental mechanisms determine the normal adult spine morphological features. Here, we provide evidence that 2-isoform of Rac-specific GTPase-activating protein -chimaerin (2-chimaerin) is involved in spine morphological refinement during late postnatal period, and furthermore show that this developmental 2-chimaerin function affects adult spine morphologies. We used a series of mice with global and conditional knock-out of -chimaerin isoforms (1-chimaerin and 2-chimaerin). 2-Chimaerin disruption, but not 1-chimaerin disruption, in the mouse results in an increased size (and density) of spines in the hippocampus. In contrast, overexpression of 2-chimaerin in developing hippocampal neurons induces a decrease of spine size. Disruption of 2-chimaerin suppressed EphA-mediated spine morphogenesis in cultured developing hippocampal neurons. 2-Chimaerin disruption that begins during the juvenile stage results in an increased size of spines in the hippocampus. Meanwhile, spine morphologies are unaltered when 2-chimaerin is deleted only in adulthood. Consistent with these spine morphological results, disruption of 2-chimaerin beginning in the juvenile stage led to an increase in contextual fear learning in adulthood; whereas contextual learning was recently shown to be unaffected when 2-chimaerin was deleted only in adulthood. Together, these results suggest that 2-chimaerin signaling in developmental stages contributes to determination of the morphological features of adult spines and establishment of normal cognitive ability. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Recent studies of neurodevelopmental disorders in humans and their animal models have led to an attractive hypothesis that spine morphogenesis during development forms the basis of adult cognition. In particular, the roles of Rac and its regulators, such as Rac-specific GTPase-activating proteins (RacGAPs) and Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors, are a topic of focus in spine morphogenesis and cognitive ability. Using a series of mice with global and conditional knock-out (KO) of RacGAP -chimaerin isoforms (1-chimaerin and 2-chimaerin), we provide compelling evidence demonstrating that 2-chimaerin is involved in spine morphological refinement during late postnatal development and that this developmental 2-chimaerin function affects adult spine morphologies. Furthermore, our results clearly showed that 2-chimaerin signaling during late postnatal development contributes to normal cognitive ability in adult mice.. Title: DNA damage and Repair Modify DNA methylation and Chromatin Domain of the Targeted Locus: Mechanism of allele methylation polymorphism

Answer: no

Question: Abstract: BACKGROUND Little information is available on physician characteristics and patient presentations that may influence compliance with evidence-based guidelines for acute low back pain.
OBJECTIVE To assess whether physicians' management decisions are consistent with the Agency for Health Research Quality's guideline and whether responses varied with the presentation of sciatica or by physician characteristics.
DESIGN Cross-sectional study using a mailed survey.
PARTICIPANTS Participants were randomly selected from internal medicine, family practice, general practice, emergency medicine, and occupational medicine specialties.
MEASUREMENTS A questionnaire asked for recommendations for 2 case scenarios, representing patients without and with sciatica, respectively.
RESULTS Seven hundred and twenty surveys were completed (response rate=25%). In cases 1 (without sciatica) and 2 (with sciatica), 26.9% and 4.3% of physicians fully complied with the guideline, respectively. For each year in practice, the odds of guideline noncompliance increased 1.03 times (95% confidence interval [CI]=1.01 to 1.05) for case 1. With occupational medicine as the referent specialty, general practice had the greatest odds of noncompliance (3.60, 95% CI=1.75 to 7.40) in case 1, followed by internal medicine and emergency medicine. Results for case 2 reflected the influence of sciatica with internal medicine having substantially higher odds (vs case 1) and the greatest odds of noncompliance of any specialty (6.93, 95% CI=1.47 to 32.78), followed by family practice and emergency medicine.
CONCLUSIONS A majority of primary care physicians continue to be noncompliant with evidence-based back pain guidelines. Sciatica dramatically influenced clinical decision-making, increasing the extent of noncompliance, particularly for internal medicine and family practice. Physicians' misunderstanding of sciatica's natural history and belief that more intensive initial management is indicated may be factors underlying the observed influence of sciatica.. Title: Physicians' initial management of acute low back pain versus evidence-based guidelines. Influence of sciatica.

Answer:
yes