Information: - The Beylik of Tunis was founded on July 15 , 1705 , after the Husainid Dynasty led by Al - Husayn I ibn Ali at - Turki defeated the Turkish Deys . - The Husainid dynasty is the former ruling dynasty of Tunisia originally of Cretan Turkish origin. They came to power under al-Husayn I ibn Ali in 1705 replacing the Muradid dynasty. His father was a Cretan Turk and his mother was a Tunisian. The Husaynids were called "Greek" by Habib Bourguiba. After taking power the Husainids ruled as Beys, with succession to the throne determined by agnatic seniority with the oldest member of the dynasty becoming Bey. The heir apparent to the Bey held the title Bey al-Mahalla. The Husainids originally ruled under the suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire. In 1881, with the Treaty of Bardo, Tunisia came under the control of France as a protectorate. Following independence from France on 20 March 1956, the Bey Muhammad VIII al-Amin assumed the title of King and reigned as such until the Prime Minister Habib Bourguiba deposed the dynasty and declared Tunisia a republic on 25 July 1957. - The Treaty of Bardo (or Treaty of Qsar es-S'id, Treaty of Ksar Said) was signed on May 12, 1881 between representatives of the French Republic and Tunisian bey Muhammed as-Sadiq. A raid of Algeria by the Tunisian Kroumer tribe served as a pretext for French armed forces to invade Tunisia. Jules Ferry, the French foreign minister, managed to send a French expeditionary force of approximately 36,000 troops to defeat the Kroumer tribe. The French met little resistance from both the Kroumer tribe and from as-Sadiq. Eventually, the French withdrew their forces after signing the treaty. However, the terms of the agreement gave France responsibility for the defence and foreign policy decisions of Tunisia. The military occupation was stated to be temporary; nevertheless Tunis became a French protectorate. - Habib Ben Ali Bourguiba ("abb Brgba"; 3 August 1903 6 April 2000) was a Tunisian lawyer, nationalist leader and statesman who served as the country's leader from independence in 1956 to 1987. He first served as the second Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Tunisia before proclaiming the Tunisian Republic in 1957 and thus becoming the first President of Tunisia. Prior to that, he played a major role in obtaining independence from France, ending the 75 years old protectorate and earning the title of "Supreme Combatant". - The Ottoman Empire ('; Modern Turkish: ' or '), also known as the Turkish Empire, Ottoman Turkey, was an empire founded at the end of the thirteenth century in northwestern Anatolia in the vicinity of Bilecik and Sout by the Oghuz Turkish tribal leader Osman. After 1354, the Ottomans crossed into Europe, and with the conquest of the Balkans the Ottoman Beylik was transformed into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the 1453 conquest of Constantinople by Mehmed the Conqueror. - Bey al-Mahalla meaning "Bey of the Camp", was a title for the heir apparent to throne of the Beylik of Tunis. The title was given to the most senior member of the Beylical family after the reigning Bey. The title came the style of Highness. The last person to carry this title was Prince Husain Bey, Bey al-Mahalla, heir apparent to Tunisia from 1955 until the abolition of the monarchy in 1957. From Tunisia's independence on March 20, 1956 he was given the new title of Crown Prince. - France, officially the French Republic, is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The European, or metropolitan, area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. France spans and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017. It is a unitary semi-presidential republic with the capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban centres include Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Nice, Toulouse and Bordeaux. What object entity has the relation of 'basic form of government' with the subject 'beylik of tunis'? Choices: - empire - military occupation - monarchy - protectorate - republic
monarchy
Q: Information: - Andy Goldsworthy (born 26 July 1956) is a British sculptor, photographer and environmentalist producing site-specific sculpture and land art situated in natural and urban settings. He lives and works in Scotland. - Land art, earthworks (coined by Robert Smithson), or Earth art is an art movement in which landscape and the work of art are inextricably linked. It is also an art form that is created in nature, using natural materials such as soil, rock (bed rock, boulders, stones), organic media (logs, branches, leaves), and water with introduced materials such as concrete, metal, asphalt, or mineral pigments. Sculptures are not placed in the landscape, rather, the landscape is the means of their creation. Often earth moving equipment is involved. The works frequently exist in the open, located well away from civilization, left to change and erode under natural conditions. Many of the first works, created in the deserts of Nevada, New Mexico, Utah or Arizona were ephemeral in nature and now only exist as video recordings or photographic documents. They also pioneered a category of art called site-specific sculpture, designed for a particular outdoor location. - Chris Drury ( born 1948 in Colombo , Sri Lanka ) is a British environmental artist . His body of work includes ephemeral assemblies of natural materials , in the mode associated with Andy Goldsworthy , as well as more - permanent landscape art , works on paper , and indoor installations . He also works on 3D sculptures ( three - dimensional ) . Some of Drury 's lasting works are '' cloud chambers '' , darkened caverns constructed of local rock , turf , or other materials . Each chamber has a hole in the roof which serves as a pinhole camera ; viewers may enter the chamber and observe the image of the sky and clouds projected onto the walls and floor . On paper , he uses a variety of unusual media -- notably mushroom spore prints , dung , and peat -- as a source of color and patterns , which he might overlay with text or fingerprints , or underlay with maps or other geographic images . More recently , Drury has produced works associated with the body , working in residence with hospitals and incorporating echocardiogram data and blood into his art. - Scotland (Scots: ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain. It shares a border with England to the south, and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the south-west. In addition to the mainland, the country is made up of more than 790 islands, including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides. - An environmentalist broadly supports the goals of the environmental movement, "a political and ethical movement that seeks to improve and protect the quality of the natural environment through changes to environmentally harmful human activities". An environmentalist is engaged in or believes in the philosophy of environmentalism. What object entity has the relation of 'occupation' with the subject 'chris drury '? Choices: - environmentalist - land art - sculptor - united kingdom
A: sculptor