question: Buffalo () is a city in and the seat of Erie County in Western New York. Located in the U.S. state of New York on the eastern shore of Lake Erie at the head of the Niagara River. , Buffalo is the state's second most populous city after the city it is named for, with 256,902 residents. The metropolitan area has a population of 1.13 million, while the larger, cross-border Buffalo Niagara Region includes 8 U.S. counties and 2 Canadian municipalities and has a population of 2,493,869.

Buffalo grew significantly in the 19th and 20th centuries as a result of the Erie Canal, railroads and Lake Erie, providing an abundance of fresh water and an ample trade route to the midwestern United States, while grooming its economy for the grain, steel and automobile industries during the 20th century. After an economic downturn in the latter half of the 20th century, Buffalo's economy has transitioned to sectors that include financial services, technology, biomedical engineering and education.

Buffalo is known as "The Queen City", "The Nickel City" and "The City of Good Neighbors". Its residents are called Buffalonians.

The city of Buffalo received its name from a nearby creek called Buffalo Creek. British military engineer Captain John Montresor made reference to 'Buffalo Creek' in his journal of 1764, which may be the earliest recorded appearance of the name. There are several theories regarding how Buffalo Creek received its name. While it is possible that Buffalo Creek's name originated from French fur traders and Native Americans calling the creek "Beau Fleuve" (French for "Beautiful River"), it is also possible Buffalo Creek was named for the American buffalo, whose historical range may have extended into western New York.
1. what city is Erie County located?
2. where is that?
3. what is the population?
4. what is one body of water nearby?
5. and where is that?
6. how do they rank for population in NY?
7. what encouraged the city's growth?
8. when?
9. what else helped them grow?
10. anything else?
11. what about the railroad?
****
answer: 1. Buffalo
2. in Western New York.
3. 256,902
4. Lake Erie
5. at the head of the Niagara River
6. Buffalo is the state's second most populous city
7. the Erie Canal
8. in the 19th and 20th centuries
9. the steel and automobile industries
10. the grain industry
11. yes

question: Europe PubMed Central (Europe PMC) is an on-line database that offers free access to a large and growing collection of biomedical research literature. It was known as UK PubMed Central until 1 November 2012. The Europe PMC project was originally launched in 2007 as the first 'mirror' site to PMC, which aims to provide international preservation of the open and free-access biomedical and life sciences literature. It forms part of a network of PMC International (PMCI) repositories that includes PubMed Central Canada. Europe PMC is not an exact "mirror" of the PMC database but has developed some different features. On February 15, 2013, "CiteXplore" was subsumed under Europe PubMed Central.

The resource is managed and developed by the European Molecular Biology Laboratory-European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), on behalf of an alliance of 27 biomedical and life sciences research funders, led by the Wellcome Trust. The Europe PMC funders group requires that articles describing the results of biomedical and life sciences research they have supported be made freely available in Europe PMC within 6 months of publication to maximise the impact of the work that they fund.

Europe PMC provides free access to more than 3.7 million full-text biomedical and life sciences research articles and over 31 million citations. Europe PMC contains some citation information and includes text-mining based marked up text that links to external molecular and medical datasets. The Grant Lookup facility allows users to search for information on over 56,700 grants awarded by the Europe PMC funders.
1. Is it free to access Europe PMC?
2. How many articles does it have?
3. How many citations?
4. What kind of Lookup facility does it have?
5. So how many grants can you look for?
6. Who puts up the money for them?
7. Is the database online?
8. What kind of literature does in contain?
9. What name was it known by until 2012?
10. What year was it first started?
11. As what?
****
answer: 1. Yes
2. more than 3.7 million
3. over 31 million
4. grant
5. over 56,700 grants
6. Europe PMC funders.
7. Yes
8. biomedical research
9. UK PubMed Central
10. 2007
11. the first 'mirror' site to PMC

question: "I can't see clearly, because I don't wear my glasses today." We always hear people saying something like this. Glasses are very important to many people. Do you know how they were invented and developed? Glasses took a long time to develop into what you can find in the glasses store today. The Chinese first used colored glasses as fashion. They thought that those glasses had magic, but they didn't think that glasses could help eyes to see clearly. In 1262, the inventor, Roger Bacon, discovered the amazing function of lenses , and he thought that glasses could be used to help people to see. Twenty years later, in Florence, Italy, the inventor, Alessandro di Spina, made the first pair of glasses that could help people to see. Although these glasses worked, scientists didn't understand how glasses helped eyes to see. They thought that eyes sent out light onto whatever a person was looking at, and then the light came back to the eyes. Johannes Kepler finally found out how glasses worked. Inventors continued to improve glasses. In 1784, Ben Franklin created glasses that had bifocal lenses. Many years later, in 1827, George Airy made circle-shaped glasses to correct _ , an eye problem that stops the eyes from seeing things clearly.
1. What do people need to see clear?
2. are they important?
3. Who created them?
4. When?
5. what was their purpose?
6. did they work?
7. how?
8. did they ever find out how?
9. who found this?
10. did they always stay the same?
11. what changed?
12. how?
13. who made those?
14. were there other changes?
15. by who?
16. what did he change?
17. what was their purpose?
18. Who used glasses first?
19. for what?
20. what did they think of them?
****
answer:
1. glasses
2. yes
3. Alessandro di Spina
4. In 1282
5. help people to see
6. yes
7. scientists didn't understand how
8. yes
9. Johannes Kepler
10. no
11. they continued to improve
12. bifocal lenses
13. Ben Franklin
14. yes
15. George Airy
16. made circle-shaped glasses
17. to correct an eye problem
18. The Chinese
19. fashion
20. they had magic