Problem: (1) His son , Ii Naomasa , was adopted by Naotora and , under Tokugawa Ieyasu , became a dreaded general , who is considered one of his four guardians .
(2) His son Tokugawa Ieyasu was adopted by Naotora , and became a feared general under Ii Naomasa , who is considered one of his Four Guardians .

Do (1) and (2) mean the same thing?
A: no

Problem: (1) The Oltu region ( administered in 1920 by Georgia ) was also claimed by Armenia .
(2) The Oltu region ( also claimed by Georgia in 1920 ) was administered by Armenia briefly .

Do (1) and (2) mean the same thing?
A: no

Problem: (1) The Nades River is a tributary of the Ciortosu River in Romania .
(2) The Nades River is a tributary of the River Ciortosu in Romania .

Do (1) and (2) mean the same thing?
A: yes

Problem: (1) Sambora and lead singer Jon Bon Jovi formed the main - songwriting - unit of the band .
(2) Jon Bon Jovi and lead singer Sambora formed the most important songwriting - unit for the band .

Do (1) and (2) mean the same thing?
A:
no