Answer the following question given this paragraph: The diaphragm is a sheet of muscle that spreads across the bottom of the rib cage. When the diaphragm contracts, the chest volume gets larger, and the lungs take in air. When the diaphragm relaxes, the chest volume gets smaller, and air is pushed out of the lungs. Q: What is a sheet of muscle that spreads across the bottom of the rib cage? A:
OPTIONS:
- cartilage
- thorax
- diagram
- diaphragm

Answer: diaphragm

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Dissolved mineral salts wash into the ocean. As ocean water evaporates, it leaves the salts behind. This makes the water saltier. Ocean water is about 3.5 percent salts. The main salt is sodium chloride. Q: Concentration of what, the substance left behind when ocean water evaporates, is about 3.5 percent? A:
OPTIONS:
- hydrogen
- sugar
- quartz
- salts
Answer: salts

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The first photosynthetic organisms were bacteria that lived in the water. So, where did plants come from? Evidence shows that plants evolved from freshwater green algae, a protist ( Figure below ). The similarities between green algae and plants is one piece of evidence. They both have cellulose in their cell walls, and they share many of the same chemicals that give them color. So what separates green algae from green plants?. Q: The first photosynthetic organisms were not plants, but types of what that lived in the water? A:
OPTIONS:
- pathogens
- fungi
- algae
- bacteria
output: bacteria

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The motion of individual molecules in a gas is random in magnitude and direction. However, a gas of many molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds, known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. Q: What do we call the predictable distribution of molecular speeds found in gas of many molecules? A:

OPTIONS:
- mitchell - boltzmann distribution
- burns - boltzmann distribution
- kemp - boltzmann distribution
- maxwell-boltzmann distribution

A: maxwell-boltzmann distribution

input: OPTIONS:
- hormones
- virophages
- byproducts
- enzymes Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Chemical reactions constantly occur inside the cells of living things. However, under the conditions inside cells, most biochemical reactions would occur too slowly to maintain life. That's where enzymes come in. Enzymes are catalysts in living things. Like other catalysts, they speed up chemical reactions. Enzymes are proteins that are synthesized in the cells that need them, based on instructions encoded in the cells' DNA. Q: What proteins synthesized in cells act as catalysts? A:
A:
output: enzymes

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: An esterification is a condensation reaction in which an ester is formed from an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. Esterification is a subcategory of condensation reactions because a water molecule is produced in the reaction. The reaction is catalyzed by a strong acid, usually sulfuric acid. When the carboxylic acid butanoic acid is heated with an excess of methanol and a few drops of sulfuric acid, the ester methyl butanoate is produced. Methyl butanoate has the scent of pineapples. The reaction is shown below with both molecular and structural formulas. Q: What do you call a condensation reaction in which an ester is formed from an alcohol and a carboxylic acid? A:
OPTIONS:
- transesterification
- esterisation
- decarboxylation
- esterification
Answer:
esterification