Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
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Question: Context: The lung is exposed to airborne fungal spores, and fungi that colonize the oral cavity such as Candida albicans, but does not develop disease to opportunistic fungal pathogens unless the immune system is compromised. The Group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) is activated in response to Candida albicans infection resulting in the release of arachidonic acid for eicosanoid production. Although eicosanoids such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes modulate inflammation and immune responses, the role of cPLA2 and eicosanoids in regulating C. albicans lung infection is not understood.', 'The responses of cPLA2(+/+) and cPLA2(-/-) Balb/c mice to intratracheal instillation of C. albicans were compared. After challenge, we evaluated weight loss, organ fungal burden, and the recruitment of cells and the levels of cytokines and eicosanoids in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The ability of macrophages and neutrophils from cPLA2(+/+) and cPLA2(-/-) mice to recognize and kill C. albicans was also compared.', 'After C. albicans instillation, cPLA2(+/+) mice recovered a modest weight loss by 48h and completely cleared fungi from the lung by 12h with no dissemination to the kidneys. In cPLA2(-/-) mice, weight loss continued for 72h, C. albicans was not completely cleared from the lung and disseminated to the kidneys. cPLA2(-/-) mice exhibited greater signs of inflammation including higher neutrophil influx, and elevated levels of albumin and pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines (IL1, IL1, TNF, IL6, CSF2, CXCL1, CCL20) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The amounts of cysteinyl leukotrienes, thromboxane B2 and prostaglandin E2 were significantly lower in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from C. albicans-infected cPLA2(-/-) mice compared to cPLA2(+/+) mice. Alveolar macrophages and neutrophils from uninfected cPLA2(-/-) mice exhibited less killing of C. albicans in vitro than cells from cPLA2(+/+) mice. In addition alveolar macrophages from cPLA2(-/-) mice isolated 6h after instillation of GFP-C. albicans contained fewer internalized fungi than cPLA2(+/+) macrophages.
Answer: The results demonstrate that cPLA2 contributes to immune surveillance and host defense in the lung to prevent infection by the commensal fungus C. albicans and to dampen inflammation.

Answer: Does cytosolic phospholipase A2 contribute to innate immune defense against Candida albicans lung infection?

Question: Context: Anosognosia is a common manifestation of Alzheimer's disease. There is an association between impaired awareness and frontal-executive cognitive deficits. Anosognosia is also correlated with decreased metabolism in the right hemisphere, particularly in frontal lobe regions.", "To investigate pathological correlates of anosognosia in Alzheimer's disease.", "41 subjects followed longitudinally in the University of Pittsburgh memory disorders clinic and with necropsy verified Alzheimer's disease were divided into two groups, based on previous clinical assessment: +Aware (n = 23) and -Aware (n = 18). A subset analysis matching subjects for dementia severity using mini-mental state examination scores was also carried out (13 +Aware; 13 -Aware). Histopathological data from necropsy brain tissue consisted of senile plaque (SP) and neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) counts (regional density) from four different brain regions in the right and left hemispheres: superior and middle frontal gyri (SMF), superior temporal isocortex (ST), the prosubiculum of the hippocampus (PRO), and the entorhinal cortex (EC).", 'SP density was greater in the right PRO region of -Aware subjects (F = 6.54, p = 0.015) than +Aware subjects. Significant differences between SP or NFT density were not observed in any other regions. In the subset analysis matching for dementia severity, SP density was again greater in the right PRO region of -Aware subjects than in the other regions (F = 12.72, p = 0.002).
Answer: Increased SP density in the right PRO region suggests that selective pathological involvement of this area contributes to awareness deficits in Alzheimer's disease. The putative role of the PRO in self appraisal may reflect its interconnections with other medial temporal and prefrontal regions.

Answer: Does right prosubiculum amyloid plaque density correlate with anosognosia in Alzheimer 's disease?

Question: Context: CENTRAL, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS and BBO databases, the Brazilian database of thesis and dissertations (Banco de Teses CAPES), a Brazilian register of ethically approved projects involving human beings (SISNEP) and two registers of ongoing trials (Current Controlled Trials and Clinical-Trials.gov). Reference lists were also scanned for relevant papers. Study authors were contacted for additional information.', 'Individual or cluster-randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials conducted in children under seven were included.', 'Study selection and data abstraction were conducted by two reviewers independently. Risk of bias assessment was undertaken using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Meta-analyses of prevented fractions (PF) were performed to assess the effect of fluoride toothpaste on the dmft and dmfs. Meta-analyses were also performed to obtain a pooled relative risk (RR) to assess the effect of fluoride toothpastes on the proportion of children developing caries.', 'Eight studies were included. When standard F toothpastes were compared to placebo or no intervention, significant caries reduction at surface (PF = 31%; 95% CI 18-43; 2644 participants in five studies), tooth (PF = 16%; 95% CI 8-25; 2555 participants in one study) and individual (RR = 0.86; 95% CI 0.81-0.93; 2806 participants in two studies) level were observed. Low F toothpastes were effective only at surface level (PF = 40%; 95% CI 5-75; 561 participants in two studies).
Answer: Standard F toothpastes are effective in reducing dental caries in the primary teeth of preschool children and thus their use should be recommended to this age group.

Answer:
Does limited evidence suggest standard fluoride toothpaste reduces caries potential in preschool children?