In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Ex Input:
Context: Glioblastomas treated with bevacizumab may develop low-signal apparent diffusion coefficient (low-ADC) lesions, which may reflect increased tumor cellularity or atypical necrosis. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between low-ADC lesions and overall survival (OS). We hypothesized that growing low-ADC lesions would be associated with shorter OS.', 'We retrospectively identified 52 patients treated with bevacizumab for the first (n = 42, 81%) or later recurrence of primary glioblastoma, who had low-ADC lesions and 2 post-bevacizumab scans 90 days apart. Low-ADC lesion volumes were measured, and normalized 5th percentile histogram low-ADC values were recorded. Using OS as the primary endpoint, semiparametric Cox models were fitted to ascertain univariate and multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) with significance at P = .05.', 'Median OS was 9.1 months (95% CI = 7.2-14.3). At the second post-bevacizumab scan, the volume of the low-ADC lesion (median: 12.94 cm(3)) was inversely associated with OS, with larger volumes predicting shorter OS (HR = 1.014 [95% CI = 1.003-1.025], P = .009). The percent change in low-ADC volume (median: 6.8%) trended toward increased risk of death with growing volumes (P = .08). Normalized 5th percentile low-ADC value and its percent change were not associated with OS (P > .51). Also correlated with shorter OS were the pre-bevacizumab nonenhancing volume (P = .025), the first post-bevacizumab enhancing volume (P = .040), and the second post-bevacizumab enhancing volume (P = .004).\Question: Do large-volume low apparent diffusion coefficient lesions predict poor survival in bevacizumab-treated glioblastoma patients?

Ex Output:
The volume of low-ADC lesions at the second post-bevacizumab scan predicted shorter OS. This suggests that low-ADC lesions may be considered important imaging markers and included in treatment decision algorithms.

Ex Input:
Context: For patients with small bowel obstruction (SBO), who do not have strangulation obstruction or other contraindications, long tube decompression has been successful in 75% in two studies. In a 1995 prospective randomized study, comparing nasogastric suction (short tube) with long tube decompression, the short tube was successful in 51% and the long tube was successful in 75%. Using upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, a long tube can be advanced into the jejunum in 20 minutes, so the delay in function has been eliminated.', 'There were 35 patients with 37 episodes of SBO. From 1983 to 1988, three tubes then available were advanced endoscopically into the jejunum in 17 patients. From 1989 to 2002, an improved tube designed for endoscopic placement was used in 20 patients.', 'From 1983 to 1988 using three tubes, long tube decompression was successful in 12 of 17 (70%); from 1989 to 2002 with the improved tube, decompression was successful in 18 of 20 (90%).\Question: Is long tube decompression successful in 90 % of patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction?

Ex Output:
For patients with SBO due to adhesions, a trial with long tube decompression for 48 to 72 hours is recommended. For those who fail a trial with the long tube, laparotomy with enterolysis or bowel resection is indicated. If the operative findings indicate a high risk for recurrent obstruction, then long tube splinting of the small bowel should be considered.

Ex Input:
Context: Congenital glaucoma is primarily a surgical disease with medical management serving as a temporizing measure before surgery or as postoperative adjunctive treatment. First-line surgery for congenital glaucoma consists of incisional procedures on the anterior chamber angle: goniotomy and trabeculotomy. Angle surgery has a high success rate with few complications. Despite the high initial success rate, almost 20% of angle procedures eventually fail, and surgeons are confronted with a choice of what procedure to do next: a trabeculectomy with or without adjunctive antifibrosis therapy, glaucoma drainage surgery, or cyclodestructive procedures. This review will discuss and compare these procedures as reported in recent studies and how variables such as age, number of prior procedures, and type of glaucoma have clarified the order in which these procedures might be performed after failed angle surgery.', 'Clinical reports in refractory pediatric glaucoma consist solely of retrospective studies of varying size and quality. Recent studies of trabeculectomy in this population suggest mitomycin C is associated with increased risk of late infectious complications. Trabeculectomy has worse outcome among younger patients Glaucoma drainage devices have a success rate approaching 80% at 1 year, but less with longer follow-up. Cyclodestructive procedures are generally reserved for advanced cases, but low-dose cyclodiode therapy and endocyclophotocoagulation may prove useful earlier in the disease (< 2 years).\Question: Does options in pediatric glaucoma after angle surgery have failed?

Ex Output:
Refractory pediatric glaucoma remains a challenge. Glaucoma drainage devices appear to be the most predictable and possibly safest procedure to consider after failed conventional angle surgery.