Answer the following question given this paragraph: Oxides As with the halides, the nature of bonding in oxides of the transition elements is determined by the oxidation state of the metal. Oxides with low oxidation states tend to be more ionic, whereas those with higher oxidation states are more covalent. These variations in bonding are because the electronegativities of the elements are not fixed values. The electronegativity of an element increases with increasing oxidation state. Transition metals in low oxidation states have lower electronegativity values than oxygen; therefore, these metal oxides are ionic. Transition metals in very high oxidation states have electronegativity values close to that of oxygen, which leads to these oxides being covalent. The oxides of the first transition series can be prepared by heating the metals in air. These oxides are Sc2O3, TiO2, V2O5, Cr2O3, Mn3O4, Fe3O4, Co3O4, NiO, and CuO. Alternatively, these oxides and other oxides (with the metals in different oxidation states) can be produced by heating the corresponding hydroxides, carbonates, or oxalates in an inert atmosphere. Iron(II) oxide can be prepared by heating iron(II) oxalate, and cobalt(II) oxide is produced by heating cobalt(II) hydroxide:. Q: The electronegativity of an element increases with increasing of what state? A:

OPTIONS:
- isolation
- evaporation
- conduction
- oxidation

Answer: oxidation

Problem: OPTIONS:
- helium
- methane
- sulfur
- oxygen
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen are important agents of chemical weathering. Q: Water, carbon dioxide, and what other element are important agents of chemical weathering? A:
Answer: oxygen

Problem:OPTIONS:
- lungs
- kidney
- brain
- liver

Answer the following question given this paragraph: How Viruses Infect Specific Organs Specific glycoprotein molecules exposed on the surface of the cell membranes of host cells are exploited by many viruses to infect specific organs. For example, HIV is able to penetrate the plasma membranes of specific kinds of white blood cells called T-helper cells and monocytes, as well as some cells of the central nervous system. The hepatitis virus attacks only liver cells. These viruses are able to invade these cells, because the cells have binding sites on their surfaces that the viruses have exploited with equally specific glycoproteins in their coats. (Figure 3.19). The cell is tricked by the mimicry of the virus coat molecules, and the virus is able to enter the cell. Other recognition sites on the virus's surface interact with the human immune system, prompting the body to produce antibodies. Antibodies are made in response to the antigens (or proteins associated with invasive pathogens). These same sites serve as places for antibodies to attach, and either destroy or inhibit the activity of the virus. Unfortunately, these sites on HIV are encoded by genes that change quickly, making the production of an effective vaccine against the virus very difficult. The virus population within an infected individual quickly evolves through mutation into different populations, or variants, distinguished by differences in these recognition sites. This rapid change of viral surface markers decreases the effectiveness of the person's immune system in attacking the virus, because the antibodies will not recognize the new variations of the surface patterns. Q: The hepatitis virus attacks only cells of what organ? A:
****
A: liver

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Pinocytosis or "cellular drinking," occurs when the plasma membrane folds inward to form a channel allowing dissolved substances to enter the cell, as shown in Figure below . When the channel is closed, the liquid is encircled within a pinocytic vesicle. Q: Pinocytosis or "cellular drinking," occurs when the plasma membrane folds inward to form a channel allowing dissolved substances to enter what? A:
OPTIONS:
- proteins
- nucleus
- homeostasis
- cell
cell

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Fission is the opposite of fusion and releases energy only when heavy nuclei are split. As noted in Fusion, energy is released if the products of a nuclear reaction have a greater binding energy per nucleon ( BE / A ) than the parent nuclei. Figure 32.25. Q: What process is the opposite of fusion and releases energy only when heavy nuclei are split? A:
OPTIONS:
- activation
- osmosis
- diffusion
- fission

Answer: fission

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: When current flows in just one direction, it is called direct current (DC) . The current that flows through a battery-powered flashlight is direct current. Q: When current flows in just one direction, what is it called? A:
OPTIONS:
- mono-current
- reactant current
- alternating current
- direct current
output:
direct current