Q: CHAPTER XXI

TROUBLES IN THE FOLD--A MESSAGE

Gabriel Oak had ceased to feed the Weatherbury flock for about four-and-twenty hours, when on Sunday afternoon the elderly gentlemen Joseph Poorgrass, Matthew Moon, Fray, and half-a-dozen others, came running up to the house of the mistress of the Upper Farm.

"Whatever IS the matter, men?" she said, meeting them at the door just as she was coming out on her way to church, and ceasing in a moment from the close compression of her two red lips, with which she had accompanied the exertion of pulling on a tight glove.

"Sixty!" said Joseph Poorgrass.

"Seventy!" said Moon.

"Fifty-nine!" said Susan Tall's husband.

"--Sheep have broke fence," said Fray.

"--And got into a field of young clover," said Tall.

"--Young clover!" said Moon.

"--Clover!" said Joseph Poorgrass.

"And they be getting blasted," said Henery Fray.

"That they be," said Joseph.

"And will all die as dead as nits, if they bain't got out and cured!" said Tall.

Joseph's countenance was drawn into lines and puckers by his concern. Fray's forehead was wrinkled both perpendicularly and crosswise, after the pattern of a portcullis, expressive of a double despair. Laban Tall's lips were thin, and his face was rigid. Matthew's jaws sank, and his eyes turned whichever way the strongest muscle happened to pull them.

"Yes," said Joseph, "and I was sitting at home, looking for Ephesians, and says I to myself, ''Tis nothing but Corinthians and Thessalonians in this danged Testament,' when who should come in but Henery there: 'Joseph,' he said, 'the sheep have blasted theirselves--'"

Answer the following questions:
1. who stopped doing something?
2. what did he stop doing?
3. who did he stop feeding?
4. did something happen on the day that follows Saturday?
5. what?
6. how many people?
7. who was one of them?
8. another?
9. was another named?
10. which one?
11. did Joe speak?
12. what did he say the first time he spoke?
13. did he speak again?
14. what did he say the second time?
15. Did Matt speak?
16. what did he say the first time he spoke?
17. did he speak again?
18. what did he say the second time?
19. was someone trying to find something?
20. who?
21. what was he trying to find?
A: 1. Gabriel Oak
2. feeding
3. the Weatherbury flock
4. Yes
5. people came
6. Nine
7. Joseph Poorgrass
8. Matthew Moon
9. Yes
10. Fray
11. Yes
12. "Sixty!"
13. Yes
14. --Clover
15. Yes
16. "Seventy!"
17. Yes
18. "--Young clover!"
19. Yes
20. Joseph,
21. Ephesians
Q: Ibn Sina created an extensive corpus of works during what is commonly known as the Islamic Golden Age, in which the translations of Greco-Roman, Persian, and Indian texts were studied extensively. Greco-Roman (Mid- and Neo-Platonic, and Aristotelian) texts translated by the Kindi school were commented, redacted and developed substantially by Islamic intellectuals, who also built upon Persian and Indian mathematical systems, astronomy, algebra, trigonometry and medicine. The Samanid dynasty in the eastern part of Persia, Greater Khorasan and Central Asia as well as the Buyid dynasty in the western part of Persia and Iraq provided a thriving atmosphere for scholarly and cultural development. Under the Samanids, Bukhara rivaled Baghdad as a cultural capital of the Islamic world.

The study of the Quran and the Hadith thrived in such a scholarly atmosphere. Philosophy, Fiqh and theology (kalaam) were further developed, most noticeably by Avicenna and his opponents. Al-Razi and Al-Farabi had provided methodology and knowledge in medicine and philosophy. Avicenna had access to the great libraries of Balkh, Khwarezm, Gorgan, Rey, Isfahan and Hamadan. Various texts (such as the 'Ahd with Bahmanyar) show that he debated philosophical points with the greatest scholars of the time. Aruzi Samarqandi describes how before Avicenna left Khwarezm he had met Al-Biruni (a famous scientist and astronomer), Abu Nasr Iraqi (a renowned mathematician), Abu Sahl Masihi (a respected philosopher) and Abu al-Khayr Khammar (a great physician).

Answer the following questions:
1. What field of science is Al-Biruni know for?
2. What field is Nasr Iraqi known for?
3. Who is a respected philosopher that is known to have met with Avicenna?
4. Who is a great physician that is known to have met with Avicenna?
5. What dynasty was in in the eastern part of Persia, Greater Khorasan and Central Asia?
6. What dynasty was in the western part of Persia and Iraq?
7. What was one important cultural center of the Islamic world during the Islamic Golden Age?
8. What was another?
9. Was the Quran studied during the Islamic Golden Age?
10. How about the Hadith?
A:
1. astronomy
2. mathematics
3. Abu Sahl Masihi
4. Abu al-Khayr Khammar
5. Samanid
6. Buyid
7. Bukhara
8. Baghdad
9. yes
10. yes