In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.
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Question: Context: There is a critical need to better preserve isolated organs before transplantation. We developed a novel nonerythropoiesis cyclic helix B peptide (CHBP) derived from erythropoietin, which has potent tissue protection and prolonged serum stability. The renoprotection and potential mechanism of CHBP were evaluated in a kidney preservation model.', 'Porcine kidneys (n = 5) subjected to 20-minute warm ischemia were retrieved and flushed with hyperosmolar citrate to mimic deceased donation. The kidneys and autologous blood 10.56 nmol/L CHBP were placed in cold storage (CS) for 18 hours. These kidneys were then normothermically hemoreperfused for 3 hours using an isolated organ perfusion system. The renal function and structure, apoptosis, inflammation, and expression of caspase-3 and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were assessed.', 'Cyclic helix B peptide significantly increased the renal blood flow, oxygen consumption, and urine output during reperfusion, but decreased serum potassium and renal tissue damage. Apoptotic cells were significantly decreased in the tubular areas, but increased in the lumens and interstitial areas in the post-CS and postreperfused kidneys, whereas myeloperoxidase+ cells were reduced. In addition, the expression of both caspase-3 precursor and active subunits was downregulated by CHBP in reperfused kidneys. However, HSP70 was upregulated in the post-CS and postreperfused kidneys treated with CHBP.\Question: Does cyclic Helix B Peptide in Preservation Solution and Autologous Blood Perfusate ameliorate Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Isolated Porcine Kidneys?

Answer: Cyclic helix B peptide administered into preservation and reperfusion solutions ameliorated renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, which might be associated with decreased apoptosis, inflammation and caspase-3, but increased HSP70. This novel preservation approach using CHBP may be applied in a porcine kidney transplant model and potential human donor kidney preservation.

Question: Context: To assist in the development of preventive strategies, we studied whether the neighbourhood environment or modifiable behavioural parameters, including cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical activity (PA), are independently associated with obesity and metabolic risk markers in children.', 'We carried out a cross-sectional analysis of 502 randomly selected first and fifth grade urban and rural Swiss schoolchildren with regard to CRF, PA and the neighbourhood (rural vs urban) environment. Outcome measures included BMI, sum of four skinfold thicknesses, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and a standardised clustered metabolic risk score.', 'CRF and PA (especially total PA, but also the time spent engaged in light and in moderate and vigorous intensity PA) were inversely associated with measures of obesity, HOMA-IR and the metabolic risk score, independently of each other, and of sociodemographic and nutritional parameters, media use, sleep duration, BMI and the neighbourhood environment (all p < 0.05). Children living in a rural environment were more physically active and had higher CRF values and reduced HOMA-IR and metabolic risk scores compared with children living in an urban environment (all p < 0.05). These differences in cardiovascular risk factors persisted after adjustment for CRF, total PA and BMI.\Question: Are reduced cardiorespiratory fitness , low physical activity and an urban environment independently associated with increased cardiovascular risk in children?

Answer: Reduced CRF, low PA and an urban environment are independently associated with an increase in metabolic risk markers in children.

Question: Context: To report 4 patients with Avellino corneal dystrophy (ACD) who were treated with 0.02% mitomycin C (MMC) during phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK).', 'ACD was confirmed by polymorphism of the exon region in the BIGH3 gene using polymerase chain reaction followed by DNA sequencing analysis. Three patients with recurrent ACD and 1 patient with primary ACD underwent PTK. Intraoperative 0.02% MMC was applied topically with a soaked microsponge.', 'There was no recurrence of ACD in the heterozygotes, but there were recurrences with best-corrected visual acuity of 20/30 in the 2 homozygotes.\Question: Does mitomycin C inhibit recurrent Avellino dystrophy after phototherapeutic keratectomy?

Answer:
Intraoperative use of topical 0.02% MMC in conjunction with PTK may prevent or delay the recurrence of ACD for at least for 1 year.