input: OPTIONS:
- sodium - based compounds
- ionic compounds
- hydrogen-based compounds
- carbon-based compounds Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Cellulose is a compound found in plants. The chief component of cellulose is carbon. Cellulose is one of many carbon-based compounds that make up living things. In fact, carbon-based compounds are the most common type of compound on Earth. More than 90 percent of all known compounds contain carbon. Do you know why carbon is found in so many compounds? Read on to find out. Q: What are the most common types of compounds found on earth? A:
A:
output: carbon-based compounds

Answer the following question given this paragraph: If the rocks on one or both sides of a fracture move, the fracture is called a fault ( Figure below ). Faults can occur alone or in clusters, creating a fault zone . Earthquakes happen when rocks break and move suddenly. The energy released causes an earthquake. Q: What is it called when multiple faults are located in close proximity to one another? A:

OPTIONS:
- fog zone
- crystal zone
- solid zone
- fault zone

Answer: fault zone

Problem: OPTIONS:
- yeast
- mold
- fungus
- mushroom
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What is the fruiting body that occurs after two hyphae mate and form a mycelium with sporangia? A:
Answer: mushroom

Problem:OPTIONS:
- ammonia sulfate
- copper sulfate
- straight sulfate
- lead sulfate

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Pb(s) + 2H+(aq) + SO42(aq) PbSO4(s) + H2(g) Lead(II) sulfate is the white solid that forms on corroded battery terminals. Exercise Using the activity series, predict what happens in each situation. If a reaction occurs, write the net ionic equation. Q: What is the white solid that forms on corroded battery terminals? A:
****
A: lead sulfate

Answer the following question given this paragraph: African Giraffes. Giraffes feed on leaves high in trees. Their long necks allow them to reach leaves that other ground animals cannot. Q: What allows giraffes to reach leaves that other ground animals cannot? A:
OPTIONS:
- camouflage pattern
- long tongue
- long horns
- long necks
long necks

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Ions and Ionic Bonds Some atoms are more stable when they gain or lose an electron (or possibly two) and form ions. This fills their outermost electron shell and makes them energetically more stable. Because the number of electrons does not equal the number of protons, each ion has a net charge. Cations are positive ions that are formed by losing electrons. Negative ions are formed by gaining electrons and are called anions. Anions are designated by their elemental name being altered to end in "-ide": the anion of chlorine is called chloride, and the anion of sulfur is called sulfide, for example. This movement of electrons from one element to another is referred to as electron transfer. As Figure 2.11 illustrates, sodium (Na) only has one electron in its outer electron shell. It takes less energy for sodium to donate that one electron than it does to accept seven more electrons to fill the outer shell. If sodium loses an electron, it now has 11 protons, 11 neutrons, and only 10 electrons, leaving it with an overall charge of +1. It is now referred to as a sodium ion. Chlorine (Cl) in its lowest energy state (called the ground state) has seven electrons in its outer shell. Again, it is more energy-efficient for chlorine to gain one electron than to lose seven. Therefore, it tends to gain an electron to create an ion with 17 protons, 17 neutrons, and 18 electrons, giving it a net negative (1) charge. It is now referred to as a chloride ion. In this example, sodium will donate its one electron to empty its shell, and chlorine will accept that electron to fill its shell. Both ions now satisfy the octet rule and have complete outermost shells. Because the number of electrons is no longer equal to the number of protons, each is now an ion and has a +1 (sodium cation) or 1 (chloride anion) charge. Note that these transactions can normally only take place simultaneously: in order for a sodium atom to lose an electron, it must be in the presence of a suitable recipient like a chlorine atom. Q: Some atoms are more stable when they gain or lose an electron and form what? A:
OPTIONS:
- molecules
- electrons
- protons
- ions

Answer:
ions