[Q]: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: Why were the indigenous people left out? Context: At the end of the Rigvedic period, the Aryan society began to expand from the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent, into the western Ganges plain. It became increasingly agricultural and was socially organised around the hierarchy of the four varnas, or social classes. This social structure was characterized both by syncretising with the native cultures of northern India, but also eventually by the excluding of indigenous peoples by labelling their occupations impure. During this period, many of the previous small tribal units and chiefdoms began to coalesce into monarchical, state-level polities.
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[A]: impure

input: Please answer the following: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: Heterosexual and homosexual are both what language element? Context: Some researchers, such as Bruce Bagemihl, have criticized the labels "heterosexual" and "homosexual" as confusing and degrading. Bagemihl writes, "...the point of reference for 'heterosexual' or 'homosexual' orientation in this nomenclature is solely the individual's genetic sex prior to reassignment (see for example, Blanchard et al. 1987, Coleman and Bockting, 1988, Blanchard, 1989). These labels thereby ignore the individual's personal sense of gender identity taking precedence over biological sex, rather than the other way around." Bagemihl goes on to take issue with the way this terminology makes it easy to claim transsexuals are really homosexual males seeking to escape from stigma.
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output: labels

Please answer this: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: Which judge on American Idol was on more seasons, Keith Urban or Jennifer Lopez? Context: Fox announced on May 11, 2015 that the fifteenth season would be the final season of American Idol; as such, the season is expected to have an additional focus on the program's alumni. Ryan Seacrest returns as host, with Harry Connick Jr., Keith Urban, and Jennifer Lopez all returning for their respective third, fourth, and fifth seasons as judges.
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Answer: Jennifer Lopez

Problem: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: What greatly decreased in North and South America? Context: Many groups continued their hunter-gatherer ways of life, although their numbers have continually declined, partly as a result of pressure from growing agricultural and pastoral communities. Many of them reside in the developing world, either in arid regions or tropical forests. Areas that were formerly available to hunter-gatherers wereand continue to beencroached upon by the settlements of agriculturalists. In the resulting competition for land use, hunter-gatherer societies either adopted these practices or moved to other areas. In addition, Jared Diamond has blamed a decline in the availability of wild foods, particularly animal resources. In North and South America, for example, most large mammal species had gone extinct by the end of the Pleistoceneaccording to Diamond, because of overexploitation by humans, although the overkill hypothesis he advocates is strongly contested.[by whom?]

A: large mammal species

Problem: Given the question: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: What are some of the names the god of light is known by? Context: As sun-god and god of light, Apollo was also known by the epithets Aegletes (/litiz/ -GLEE-teez; , Aigletes, from , "light of the sun"), Helius (/hilis/ HEE-lee-s; , Helios, literally "sun"), Phanaeus (/fnis/ f-NEE-s; , Phanaios, literally "giving or bringing light"), and Lyceus (/lasis/ ly-SEE-s; , Lykeios, from Proto-Greek *, "light"). The meaning of the epithet "Lyceus" later became associated with Apollo's mother Leto, who was the patron goddess of Lycia () and who was identified with the wolf (), earning him the epithets Lycegenes (/lasdniz/ ly-SEJ--neez; , Lukegenes, literally "born of a wolf" or "born of Lycia") and Lycoctonus (/lakktns/ ly-KOK-t-ns; , Lykoktonos, from , "wolf", and , "to kill"). As god of the sun, Apollo was called Sol (/sl/ SOL, literally "sun" in Latin) by the Romans.
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The answer is:
epithets Aegletes (/litiz/ -GLEE-teez; , Aigletes, from , "light of the sun"), Helius (/hilis/ HEE-lee-s; , Helios, literally "sun"), Phanaeus (/fnis/ f-NEE-s; , Phanaios, literally "giving or bringing light"), and Lyceus (/lasis/ ly-SEE-s; , Lykeios, from Proto-Greek *, "light")

Problem: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: Who did not immediately act? Context: Gorbachev also radically expanded the scope of Glasnost, stating that no subject was off-limits for open discussion in the media. Even so, the cautious Soviet intelligentsia took almost a year to begin pushing the boundaries to see if he meant what he said. For the first time, the Communist Party leader had appealed over the heads of Central Committee members for the people's support in exchange for expansion of liberties. The tactic proved successful: Within two years political reform could no longer be sidetracked by Party "conservatives." An unintended consequence was that having saved reform, Gorbachev's move ultimately killed the very system it was designed to save.

A:
Soviet intelligentsia