The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the first instance of her conception, by a singular grace and privilege granted by Almighty God, in view of the merits of Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the human race, was preserved free from all stain of original sin." Therefore, being always free from original sin, the doctrine teaches that from her conception Mary received the sanctifying grace that would normally come with baptism after birth.

The definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, "free from all sin, original or personal". The Council of Trent decreed: "If anyone shall say that a man once justified can sin no more, nor lose grace, and that therefore he who falls and sins was never truly justified; or, on the contrary, that throughout his whole life he can avoid all sins even venial sins, except by a special privilege of God, as the Church holds in regard to the Blessed Virgin: let him be anathema." What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. Which religion is this about?
2. What does the Immaculate Conception deal with?
3. From what language is macula or labes?
4. Who granted Mary a privilege?
5. Does Mary have the stain or original sin?
6. Is actual or personal sin different from that?
7. Does the church find Mary to have personally sinned?
8. By what other title is Mary known?
9. Who is the Saviour of the human race?
10. Do you know what the Council of Trent was?
11. Did the Council have authority to decree certain rules or beliefs?
Answer: 1. Roman Catholic
2. original sin
3. Latin
4. God,
5. No
6. Yes
7. No
8. Blessed Virgin Mary
9. Jesus Christ
10. Yes
11. yes

Problem: (CNN) -- The parents of a missing Missouri girl have refused to be interviewed separately by authorities, Kansas City police said Wednesday.

But the attorney representing Jeremy Irwin and Deborah Bradley, parents of 11-month-old Lisa Irwin, said the couple is not opposed to separate interviews, but do not want what police requested -- an unrestricted interview with no attorneys present.

"Being questioned separately is not the issue," said attorney Cyndy Short. She said the couple has been cooperative and has previously been interviewed separately as well as together. They don't mind being interviewed separately as long as the detectives are fair, open-minded and non-accusatory, she said.

Lisa was reported missing about 4 a.m. October 4, after her father, Jeremy Irwin, arrived home from work to find the door unlocked, the lights on and a window that had been tampered with. The girl's mother, Deborah Bradley, said she last saw Lisa at 6:40 p.m. the night before.

Kansas City police Capt. Steve Young said Tuesday investigators had planned to conduct the separate parent interviews, but said Wednesday the couple had declined. Young said he did not dispute reports that the family had cooperated and answered questions, but the police department detectives still had unanswered questions.

Meanwhile, Lisa's half-brothers, who were in the family's home the night she disappeared, will be re-interviewed by authorities on Friday, Kansas City police said Wednesday.

The boys will be interviewed by a "child services specialist trained to interview kids," Young said. The interview will be non-confrontational, he said, and a police officer won't even be in the room.
1. what have the parents refused?
2. who is missing?
3. what is her name?
4. when was she reported missing?
5. what time?
6. who else was in the home that night?
7. who will interview them?
8. and?
9. Who is Kansas city police Capt?
10. what is the girl's father's name?
11. what did they want the detectives to be if interviewed separate?
12. how old was Lisa?
13. what kind of interview did the police request?
14. were the parents being cooperative?
15. according to who?
16. who is she?
17. when did Deborah last see her?
18. what was tampered with?
19. what else did the father notice?
Answer: 1. to be interviewed separately
2. Missouri girl
3. Lisa Irwin
4. October 4,
5. about 4 a.m.
6. Lisa's half-brothers
7. authorities
8. a child services specialist trained to interview kids
9. Steve Young
10. Jeremy Irwin
11. fair, open-minded and non-accusatory
12. 11-month-old
13. unrestricted
14. yes
15. Cyndy Short
16. an attorney
17. at 6:40 p.m. the night before
18. a window
19. the lights on

question: Leonhard Euler ( ; ; ; 15 April 170718 September 1783) was a Swiss mathematician, physicist, astronomer, logician and engineer who made important and influential discoveries in many branches of mathematics like infinitesimal calculus and graph theory while also making pioneering contributions to several branches such as topology and analytic number theory. He also introduced much of the modern mathematical terminology and notation, particularly for mathematical analysis, such as the notion of a mathematical function. He is also known for his work in mechanics, fluid dynamics, optics, astronomy, and music theory.

Euler was one of the most eminent mathematicians of the 18th century, and is held to be one of the greatest in history. He is also widely considered to be the most prolific mathematician of all time. His collected works fill 60 to 80 quarto volumes, more than anybody in the field. He spent most of his adult life in Saint Petersburg, Russia, and in Berlin, then the capital of Prussia.

A statement attributed to Pierre-Simon Laplace expresses Euler's influence on mathematics: "Read Euler, read Euler, he is the master of us all."

Leonhard Euler was born on 15 April 1707, in Basel, Switzerland to Paul III Euler, a pastor of the Reformed Church, and Marguerite Brucker, a pastor's daughter. He had two younger sisters: Anna Maria and Maria Magdalena, and a younger brother Johann Heinrich. Soon after the birth of Leonhard, the Eulers moved from Basel to the town of Riehen, where Euler spent most of his childhood. Paul Euler was a friend of the Bernoulli family; Johann Bernoulli was then regarded as Europe's foremost mathematician, and would eventually be the most important influence on young Leonhard.
1. What important branches of science did Leonhard Euler make important discoveries in?
2. What year was he born?
3. How many volumes did his work contain?
4. What is the name of Eiler's father?
5. Where did he spend most of his adult life?
6. What is the name of Europe's foremost mathematician he was friends with?
7. What was Berlin the capital of?
8. Did Eluer have any siblings?
9. What area of study did Euler introduce much of the modern terminology and notation for?
10. What was the town Euler spent most of his childhood in?
****
answer:
1. mechanics, fluid dynamics, optics, astronomy, and music theory
2. 1707
3. 60 to 80
4. Paul III Euler
5. Saint Petersburg, Russia, and Berlin
6. Pierre-Simon Laplace
7. Prussia
8. yes
9. mathematical analysis
10. Riehen