Line 1: *Characteristics that are encoded in DNA are called genetic traits. DNA is used to transmit characteristics from parents to offspring. DNA passes traits from parents to offspring.*
*(H)*
Line 2: *What passes traits from parents to offspring?
Options:
- (A) Birth certificate
- (B) Lactation
- (C) p53
- (D) HIV
- (E) RNA
- (F) Pedigree
- (G) SNPs
- (H) DNA*

Logic of a solution: *Viruses contain DNA but not much else. DNA DNA DNA is a person's genetic fingerprint. Viruses contain genetic material and not much else.*
*(C)*
The original question: *What is the primary item inside a virus?
Options:
- (A) Chemical energy
- (B) particles
- (C) genetic material
- (D) cytoplasm
- (E) electromagnetic energy
- (F) bioaerosols
- (G) food and shelter
- (H) bacteria*

Line 1: *Mutations are essential for evolution to occur. Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence. Changes in DNA sequences are essential for evolution to occur.*
*(A)*
Line 2: *What is essential for evolution to occur?
Options:
- (A) Changes in DNA sequences
- (B) Plant reproduction
- (C) Natural disasters
- (D) Gamma radiation
- (E) biological diversity
- (F) DNA sequences staying the same
- (G) the environment
- (H) that material's properties*

Logic of a solution: *All chemical reactions require activation energy to get started. Catalysts lower the activation energy. A catalyst can lower the energy cost of a chemical reaction.*
*(B)*
The original question: *In what way does a catalyst help in chemical reactions?
Options:
- (A) Generating heat
- (B) lowered energy cost
- (C) metabolic reaction
- (D) heating liquids
- (E) by making heat
- (F) adding heat
- (G) increases a body's strength
- (H) preventing heat transfer*

Line 1: *Touch is the ability to sense pressure. Therapeutic touch can activate the clients inherent healing ability. The ability to sense pressure on the body can help clients to heal.*
*(B)*
Line 2: *What can help clients to heal?
Options:
- (A) high pitched tones
- (B) pressure on the body
- (C) Veins and arteries.
- (D) looseness of dirt or compost
- (E) reusing materials
- (F) recovery time from fatigue
- (G) smelling pungent smells
- (H) staring at bright objects*

Line 1: *Fungi lack chlorophyll, so they cannot make food by photosynthesis as plants can. If the plant is green, it is a producer. Fungi lack chlorophyll, so they cannot make food by photosynthesis as producers can.*
*(B)*
Line 2:
*What do fungi lack that make them unable to make food as producers can?
Options:
- (A) scattered light
- (B) chlorophyll
- (C) Energy.
- (D) sunlight
- (E) Energy
- (F) acetic acid
- (G) Chemical energy
- (H) energy usage*