Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
CHAPTER VII.

Something between a hindrance and a help. WORDSWORTH.

Etheldred awoke long before time for getting up, and lay pondering over her visions. Margaret had sympathised, and therefore they did not seem entirely aerial. To earn money by writing was her favourite plan, and she called her various romances in turn before her memory, to judge which might be brought down to sober pen and ink. She considered till it became not too unreasonably early to get up. It was dark, but there was a little light close to the window: she had no writing-paper, but she would interline her old exercise-book. Down she ran, and crouching in the school-room window-seat, she wrote on in a trance of eager composition, till Norman called her, as he went to school, to help him to find a book.

This done, she went up to visit Margaret, to tell her the story, and consult her. But this was not so easy. She found Margaret with little Daisy lying by her, and Tom sitting by the fire over his Latin.

"Oh, Ethel, good-morning, dear! you are come just in time."

"To take baby?" said Ethel, as the child was fretting a little.

"Yes, thank you, she has been very good, but she was tired of lying here, and I can't move her about," said Margaret.

"Oh, Margaret, I have such a plan," said Ethel, as she walked about with little Gertrude; but Tom interrupted.

"Margaret, will you see if I can say my lesson?" and the thumbed Latin grammar came across her just as Dr. May's door opened, and he came in exclaiming, "Latin grammar! Margaret, this is really too much for you. Good-morning, my dears. Ha! Tommy, take your book away, my boy. You must not inflict that on sister now. There's your regular master, Richard, in my room, if it is fit for his ears yet. What, the little one here too?"
1. Which section is this?
2. Who woke up early?
3. What did she do when she woke up?
4. Who was sympathetic?
5. What was her preferred plan?
6. What subject did she think about?
7. Until what time did she ponder this?
8. Where did she run to?
9. Who interrupted her writing?
10. What did he want?
11. What did she do after?
12. What would she do with her?
13. Who was with Margaret?
14. Was Margaret happy to see Ethel?
15. What did she want Ethel to do?
16. What is the baby's name?
17. What news did Ethel give Margaret?
18. Who broke up their conversation?
19. What did he want?
20. Who arrived and stopped the lesson?
21. What did he say to Tom?

Numbered answers:
1. Chapter VII
2. Etheldred
3. Pondered ger visions
4. Margaret
5. to earn money by writing
6. her past romances
7. until there was a little light
8. the school room
9. Norman
10. a book
11. visit margaret
12. concult
13. Daisy and Tom
14. yes
15. Take the baby
16. Daisy
17. she had a plan
18. Tom
19. to practice his latin lesson
20. Dr. May
21. Take your book away

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Starting in the coal mines, by the mid-19th century elevators were operated with steam power and were used for moving goods in bulk in mines and factories. These steam driven devices were soon being applied to a diverse set of purposes - in 1823, two architects working in London, Burton and Hormer, built and operated a novel tourist attraction, which they called the "ascending room". It elevated paying customers to a considerable height in the center of London, allowing them a magnificent panoramic view of downtown.

The hydraulic crane was invented by Sir William Armstrong in 1846, primarily for use at the Tyneside docks for loading cargo. These quickly supplanted the earlier steam driven elevators: exploiting Pascal's law, they provided a much greater force. A water pump supplied a variable level of water pressure to a plunger encased inside a vertical cylinder, allowing the level of the platform (carrying a heavy load) to be raised and lowered. Counterweights and balances were also used to increase the lifting power of the apparatus.
1. How were goods moved?
2. driven by what?
3. What attracted tourists?
4. Where was it built?
5. When was it built?
6. By whom?
7. What did Armstrong build?
8. In what year?
9. What was the primary purpose?
10. Where were the elevators used?
11. Was the crane a success?
12. What did it replace?
13. Why were they successful?
14. What increased the lift power?
15. What did the attraction do?
16. What was the occupation of those who built it?
17. What was exploited?
18. What applied the pressure?
19. Was it a constant force?
20. What did this allow to be accomplished?
21. When were the elevators used?

Numbered answers:
1. elevators
2. steam
3. Ascending Room
4. London
5. 1823
6. Burton and Hormer
7. hydraulic crane
8. 1846
9. Loading Cargo
10. mines and factories
11. yes
12. steam driven elevators:
13. they provided a much greater force
14. Counterweights
15. It lifted customers up to show downtown.
16. they were two architects
17. Pascal's law
18. A water pump
19. No
20. level of the platform to be raised and lowered
21. by the mid-19th century

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
CHAPTER XXXVI.

BATTLE OF BLACK RIVER BRIDGE--CROSSING THE BIG BLACK--INVESTMENT OF VICKSBURG--ASSAULTING THE WORKS.

We were now assured of our position between Johnston and Pemberton, without a possibility of a junction of their forces. Pemberton might have made a night march to the Big Black, crossed the bridge there and, by moving north on the west side, have eluded us and finally returned to Johnston. But this would have given us Vicksburg. It would have been his proper move, however, and the one Johnston would have made had he been in Pemberton's place. In fact it would have been in conformity with Johnston's orders to Pemberton.

Sherman left Jackson with the last of his troops about noon on the 16th and reached Bolton, twenty miles west, before halting. His rear guard did not get in until two A.M. the 17th, but renewed their march by daylight. He paroled his prisoners at Jackson, and was forced to leave his own wounded in care of surgeons and attendants. At Bolton he was informed of our victory. He was directed to commence the march early next day, and to diverge from the road he was on to Bridgeport on the Big Black River, some eleven miles above the point where we expected to find the enemy. Blair was ordered to join him there with the pontoon train as early as possible.

This movement brought Sherman's corps together, and at a point where I hoped a crossing of the Big Black might be effected and Sherman's corps used to flank the enemy out of his position in our front, thus opening a crossing for the remainder of the army. I informed him that I would endeavor to hold the enemy in my front while he crossed the river.
1. Was there a chance that the forces might merge?
2. Where were they located?
3. Could Pemberton have avoided them?
4. To do so, what time would they have needed to travel?
5. Where would they need to cross a bridge?
6. Where would they end up returning to?
7. What would they have given up by doing so?
8. What date did Sherman depart?
9. Where did he leave from?
10. Which direction did he head?
11. Where did they stop?
12. What news did he receive there?
13. When did they decide to continue their travels?
14. Who was going to meet them?
15. With what?
16. Were they in a hurry?
17. Where were the prisoners pardoned?
18. What time did the rear guard finally arrive?
Numbered answers:
1. No.
2. Between Johnston and Pemberton.
3. Yes
4. At night
5. Yes.
6. Johnston
7. Vicksburg
8. Around noon on the 16th.
9. Jackson
10. West.
11. Bolton
12. Our victory
13. Early the next day.
14. Blair
15. With the pontoon train.
16. Yes
17. Jackson
18. His rear guard did not get in until two A.M. the 17th,