instruction:
In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
question:
Founder-flush models of this phenomenon propose that it may result from repeated bottlenecks. Changes of ploidy in plants can cause this process due to the frequent sterility of the resulting offspring. The(*) sympatric version of this phenomena occurs between populations in the same region, and punctuated equilibria are a sign of the allopatric variety of this process in the fossil record. For 10 points, name this biological process, in which populations become reproductively isolated and diverge, leading to the formation of new species.
answer:
Social Science

question:
In 1997 Edwin Hall wrote a book about this work which discussed the inclusion of St. Margaret emerging from the belly of a dragon, which can be seen carved above the back of a chair, to argue that Erwin Panofsky's influential interpretations are too simplistic. Commissioned by its subject, a counselor to the Duke of Burgundy who made his money as a silk merchant, the year and the artist's signature can be seen above the mirror whose reflection depicts the artist himself. That artist would go on to paint other famous portraits like The Madonna with the Chancellor Rolin. Filled with details like a lit candle, a little dog, and a pair of discarded clogs, FTP, identify this work that depicts a man dressed in dark heavy wool and a big hat holding the hand of his betrothed, a painting by Jan van Eyck.
answer:
Fine Arts

question:
In magnetic physics, this term is used to describe a magnet with frustrated interactions in which ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic states are distributed randomly. In addition to describing that kind of "glass," this word names a number that can be found for an arbitrary direction z by multiplying m-sub-s by the reduced Planck constant. This word also names a property whose interaction with orbital effects gives rise to fine structure splitting. This word names a quantized property of particles that was first discovered in the Stern-Gerlach experiment. For 10 points, identify this word that names the intrinsic angular momentum of particles, such as half-integer values for fermions.
answer:
Science