input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. A telescope is an optical instrument that aids in the observation of remote objects by collecting electromagnetic radiation (such as visible light). The first known practical telescopes were invented in the Netherlands at the beginning of the 17th century, by using glass lenses. They found use in both terrestrial applications and astronomy.

Within a few decades, the reflecting telescope was invented, which used mirrors to collect and focus the light. In the 20th century, many new types of telescopes were invented, including radio telescopes in the 1930s and infrared telescopes in the 1960s. The word "telescope" now refers to a wide range of instruments capable of detecting different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in some cases other types of detectors.

The word "telescope" (from the Ancient Greek , "tele" "far" and , "skopein" "to look or see"; , "teleskopos" "far-seeing") was coined in 1611 by the Greek mathematician Giovanni Demisiani for one of Galileo Galilei's instruments presented at a banquet at the Accademia dei Lincei. In the "Starry Messenger", Galileo had used the term "perspicillum".

The earliest existing record of a telescope was a 1608 patent submitted to the government in the Netherlands by Middelburg spectacle maker Hans Lippershey for a refracting telescope. The actual inventor is unknown but word of it spread through Europe. Galileo heard about it and, in 1609, built his own version, and made his telescopic observations of celestial objects. 1. When was it invented?
2. What year?
3. By whom?
4. Who asked for government recognition?
5. Who also made one?
6. Are they only used for looking at stars?
7. How are they used?
8. Where does the name come from?
9. What words?
10. Who first called it that?
11. When?
12. How is it used today?
13. Where was it first made?
14. What were used inside them?
15. What were later added?
16. Why?
17. Is this the only type available?
18. What kind came to be in the 1930s?
19. What kind came later?
20. Where was the term first used?
numbered_answers: 1. at the beginning of the 17th century,
2. 1608
3. The actual inventor is unknown
4. Hans Lippershey
5. Galileo
6. no
7. in both terrestrial applications and astronomy
8. the Ancient Greek
9. "tele" "far" and , "skopein" "to look or see"; , "teleskopos" "far-seeing"
10. Giovanni Demisiani
11. 1611
12. as a wide range of instruments capable of detecting different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, and in some cases other types of detectors.
13. the Netherlands
14. glass lenses
15. mirrors
16. to collect and focus the light
17. no
18. radio telescopes
19. infrared
20. at a banquet

input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. Brownie and Spotty were neighbor dogs who met every day to play together. Like pairs of dogs you can find in any neighborhood, these two loved each other and played together so often that they had worn a path through the grass of the field between their houses. One evening, Brownie's family noticed that Brownie hadn't returned home. They went looking for him with no success. Brownie didn't show up the next day, and, although they made their efforts to find him, by the next week he was still missing, Curiously, Spotty showed up at Brownie's house alone, barking and jumping. Busy with their own lives, they paid no attention to the nervous little neighbor dog. Finally, one morning Spotty refused to take "no" for an answer. Ted, Brownie's owner, was continuously disturbed by the angry, determined little dog. Spotty followed Ted about, barking all the time, then rushing toward a nearby empty lot and back, as if to say, "Follow me! It's urgent!" Eventually, Ted followed Spotty across the empty lot as Spotty stopped to race back and barked encouragingly. The little dog led the man to a deserted spot a half mile from the house. There Ted found his beloved Brownie alive, one of his legs crushed in a steel trap . Frightened, Ted now wished he had taken Spotty's earlier appeals seriously. Then Ted noticed something. Spotty had done something else besides leading Brownie's human owner to his trapped friend. In a circle around the injured dog, Ted found some food remains of every meal. Brownie had been fed that week! Spotty had been visiting Brownie regularly, in the hope of keeping his friend alive. Spotty had actually stayed with Brownie to protect him from hunger and other dangers, and keep his spirits up. Brownie's leg was carefully treated and he soon got well again. For many years thereafter the two families watched the faithful friends chasing each other down that well-worn path between their houses. 1. Who loved each other and played together?
2. Who noticed that Brownie didn't return home
3. Who arrived to help look for Brownie
4. And who was getting mad about it?
5. who was led by spotty to an empty lot
6. and who was there
7. who kept brownie alive
8. how?
9. what body part of brownie was cared for
10. did their owners remain in contact after
numbered_answers: 1. Brownie and Spotty
2. Brownie's family
3. Spotty
4. Spotty
5. Ted
6. Brownie
7. Spotty
8. fed him and protected him from hunger and other dangers to keep his spirits up
9. Brownie's leg was carefully treated
10. yes

input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. CHAPTER VII. THE NUPTIALS OF RUTH WESTMACOTT

Here was Sir Rowland Blake in high fettle at knowing himself armed with a portentous weapon for the destruction of Anthony Wilding. Upon closer inspection of it, however, he came to realize--as Richard had realized earlier--that it was double-edged, and that the wielding of it must be fraught with as much danger for Richard as for their common enemy. For to betray Mr. Wilding and the plot would scarce be possible without betraying young Westmacott, and that was unthinkable, since to ruin Richard--a thing he would have done with a light heart so far as Richard was himself concerned--would be to ruin his own hopes of winning Ruth.

Therefore, during the days that followed, Sir Rowland was forced to fret in idleness what time his wound was healing; but if his arm was invalided, his eyes and ears were sound, and he remained watchful for an opportunity to apply the knowledge he had gained. Richard mentioned the subject no more, so that Blake almost came to wonder whether the boy remembered what in his cups he had betrayed.

Meanwhile Mr. Wilding moved serene and smiling on his way. Daily there were great armfuls of flowers deposited at Lupton House--his lover's offering to his mistress--and no day went by but that some richer gift accompanied them. Now it was a collar of brilliants, anon a rope of pearls, again a priceless ring that had been Mr. Wilding's mother's. Ruth received with reluctance these pledges of his undesired affection. It were idle to reject them, considering that she was to marry him; yet it hurt her sorely to retain them. On her side she made no dispositions for the marriage, but went about her daily tasks as though she were to remain a maid at Lupton House for a time as yet indefinite. 1. Who is being courted?
2. Where does she reside?
3. Who sends her gifts?
4. Are they engaged?
5. Is she happy about it?
6. What type of gift does he send every day?
7. What is another gift he has sent?
8. And another?
9. Is Sir Rowland Blake in a calm and happy mood?
10. How does he feel about Ruth?
11. Does he have any injuries?
12. Are his ears functioning well?
13. Are his eyes good?
14. Is he planning some type of revenge or trouble?
numbered_answers:
1. Ruth
2. Lupton House
3. Richard
4. Yes
5. No
6. armfuls of flowers
7. collar of brilliants
8. a rope of pearls
9. No
10. and that the wielding of it must be fraught with as much danger
11. his arm was invalided
12. his eyes and ears were sound
13. Yes
14. Yes