In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

[Q]: Context: Symptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) demonstrate abnormal left ventricular (LV) mechanics. The aim of this study was to compare mechanics in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients with severe AS using two-dimensional myocardial strain imaging.', 'One hundred fifty-four patients with severe AS (aortic valve area 1.0 cm(2)) referred to a heart valve clinic from 2004 to 2011 were studied. Thirty patients were asymptomatic, with normal LV ejection fractions ( 55%), without other significant valvular disease or wall motion abnormalities. Thirty-two symptomatic patients who underwent early aortic valve replacement, with similar age, gender, LV ejection fraction, and aortic valve area, were selected for comparison. Both groups were also compared with 32 healthy subjects with similar age and gender distributions and normal echocardiographic results who served as controls. LV longitudinal and circumferential strain and rotation were measured using speckle-tracking software applied to archived echocardiographic studies. Conventional echocardiographic and myocardial mechanical parameters were compared among the study subgroups.', 'Patients with asymptomatic severe AS demonstrated smaller reductions in longitudinal strain, higher (supernormal) apical circumferential strain (-38 6% vs -35 4%, P < .05), and extreme (supernormal) apical rotation (12.2 4.9 vs 2.9 1.7, P < .0005) compared with symptomatic patients. Apical rotation < 6 was the single significant predictor of symptoms in logistic regression analysis of clinical, echocardiographic, and mechanical parameters. Twelve asymptomatic patients underwent eventual aortic valve replacement and showed decreases in strain and apical rotation compared with baseline values.\Question: Are symptoms in severe aortic stenosis associated with decreased compensatory circumferential myocardial mechanics?
[A]: Longitudinal strain was uniformly low in patients with severe AS and lower in those with symptoms. Compensatory circumferential myocardial mechanics (increased apical circumferential strain and rotation) were absent in symptomatic patients. Thus, myocardial mechanics may help in the follow-up of patients with severe AS and timing of valve surgery.

[Q]: Context: The measurement of affective symptoms in older persons who decline cognitively is uncertain. The authors investigated whether mood variability predicts dementia in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).', 'Three-year observational study after a clinical trial.', 'Community follow-up of outpatients ascertained from retina clinics.', 'One hundred sixty patients with AMD.', "Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) administered every 2 weeks for 6 months to subjects; Informant Questionnaire for Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) administered to subjects' knowledgeable informants.", 'Twenty-three subjects (14.4%) declined cognitively. Age, education, baseline GDS score > or =5, and variability in GDS scores (i.e., fluctuations between adjacent time points) were associated with cognitive decline. For GDS variability, each 1 unit increase in the residual standard deviation (SD) of the GDS increased the risk for cognitive decline by 93% (IDR = 1.92; 95% CI [1.27-2.91]). Thus, subjects with a residual SD of 1 were nearly twice as likely to become demented as subjects with no variability in GDS scores. The risk for subjects with SDs of 2 increased more than threefold (IDR = 3.68; 95% CI [1.61-8.47]). A multiple regression analysis showed that GDS variability was a significant risk factor for dementia after controlling for significant covariates.\Question: Does variability in depressive symptoms predict cognitive decline in age-related macular degeneration?
[A]: These data suggest a useful approach to conceptualizing and measuring depressive symptoms in older persons. Variability in self-reported mood may be an early sign of dementia and may offer new insights into the neurobiological mechanisms linking depression and cognition

[Q]: Context: To identify predictive factors associated with the improvement of social functioning of schizophrenia patients in a community.', '101 schizophrenia patients undergoing community rehabilitation were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP), Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Family Function Questionnaire (APGAR), and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Scale II (WHODAS-II) twice 6 months apart. Pearson correlation and hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses were performed to identify the influencing and predictive factors associated with the improvement of social functioning.', 'The increase of PSP score was correlated with age (r = 0.220), reduced PANSS negative score (r = 0.468), reduced PANSS general score (r = 0.392), reduced PANSS total score (r = 0.472), and reduced WHODAS-II Score (r = 0.247). The predictive factors of the change of PSP score followed the following order: change of PANSS negative score [the change of coefficient of determination (deltaR2 ) = 0.197], age of onset (deltaR2 = 0.048), change of WHODAS-II score and psychiatric rehabilitation (deltaR2 = 0.031).\Question: Do [ Negative symptoms predict the improvement of social functioning of patients with schizophrenia ]?
[A]:
Improvement of negative symptoms predicts the short-term improvement of social functioning of schizophrenia patients.