input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Summary A minimum energy (activation energy, Ea) is required for a collision between molecules to result in a chemical reaction. Plots of potential energy for a system versus the reaction coordinate show an energy barrier that must be overcome for the reaction to occur. The arrangement of atoms at the highest point of this barrier is the activated complex, or transition state, of the reaction. At a given temperature, the higher the Ea, the slower the reaction. The fraction of orientations that result in a reaction is the steric factor. The frequency factor, steric factor, and activation energy are related to the rate constant in the Arrhenius equation: k = Ae - Ea / RT. A plot of the natural logarithm of k versus 1/T is a straight line with a slope of Ea/R. Saylor URL: http://www. saylor. org/books. Q: What term means the minimum energy required in order for a collision between molecules to result in a chemical reaction? A:
OPTIONS:
- maximum energy
- solar energy
- depletion energy
- activation energy
output: activation energy

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy between particles of matter that are touching. Thermal conduction occurs when particles of warmer matter bump into particles of cooler matter and transfer some of their thermal energy to the cooler particles. Conduction is usually faster in certain solids and liquids than in gases. Materials that are good conductors of thermal energy are called thermal conductors . Metals are especially good thermal conductors because they have freely moving electrons that can transfer thermal energy quickly and easily. Q: What is the name for the transfer of thermal energy between particles of matter that are touching? A:

OPTIONS:
- activation
- induction
- convection
- conduction

A: conduction

input: OPTIONS:
- negative ion
- good metal ion
- last ion
- positive metal ion Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Ionic compounds are compounds in which positive metal ions and negative nonmetal ions are joined by ionic bonds. In these compounds, the chemical symbol for the positive metal ion is written first, followed by the symbol for the negative nonmetal ion. The video at the following URL gives a fuller explanation of ionic compounds and their formulas: http://www. youtube. com/watch?v=vscoYh6m46M . Q: The chemical symbol of which ion is written first in ionic compounds? A:
A:
output: positive metal ion

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Gnetophytes Gnetophytes are the closest relatives to modern angiosperms, and include three dissimilar genera of plants. Like angiosperms, they have broad leaves. Gnetum species are mostly vines in tropical and subtropical zones. The single species of Welwitschia is an unusual, low-growing plant found in the deserts of Namibia and Angola. It may live for up to 2000. Q: What are the closest relatives to modern angiosperms? A:

OPTIONS:
- staurikosaurus
- mitochondria
- sporozoans
- gnetophytes

Answer: gnetophytes

Problem: OPTIONS:
- innervation
- autogeneration
- interconnection
- coevolution
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Evolution occurs in response to a change in the environment. Environmental change often involves other species of organisms. In fact, species in symbiotic relationships tend to evolve together. This is called coevolution . As one species changes, the other species must also change in order to adapt. Q: What is the term for species in symbiotic relationships evolving together? A:
Answer: coevolution

Answer the following question given this paragraph: E. coli bacteria are anaerobic bacteria that live in the human digestive tract. Q: In what human organ system would you find live e. coli bacteria? A:

OPTIONS:
- circulatory system
- respiratory system
- skeletal system
- digestive system

Answer:
digestive system