This model uses a foam sphere to represent the Earth with a quarter of it cut out so that you can see the inside layers of the "Earth". Parental supervision/help is recommended when cutting a slice out of the ball.All of these supplies should be easily found around the house or purchased at a craft supply store. You want to cut out approximately a quarter of the foam ball. To do this, you need to draw a circle around the horizontal and vertical halves of the ball. It doesn't have to be exactly the center, but try to get close. Hold a ruler to the point that is about the center Hold the pencil in place above the ruler. Have a friend rotate the ball horizontally while you hold the pencil and watch the line form around the center. When the ball is back to the starting point, rotate the ball vertically. When you're finished, you should have two pencil lines that dive the ball into quarters. With the 2 lines around the foam ball, it should be divided into quarters. You are going to cut one of those quarters out with the knife. Parental supervision is strongly recommended for this step. Position the foam ball so that one of the lines is facing straight up. Place the knife on the line and gently saw back and forth until you reach the center of the ball (the horizontal line). Reposition the ball so that the horizontal line is now facing up. Gently saw again until you reach the center of the ball. Wiggle the quarter until it comes free from the ball. Make a small paper tag and wrap it around a toothpick. Tape it in place. Label each piece of paper with the corresponding layer. Stick the toothpick into the foam ball so that everything is properly labeled. Alternatively, you can write the labels directly on the ball.
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One-sentence summary -- Gather the necessary materials. Draw a circle around the horizontal and vertical centers of the foam ball. Cut a quarter out of the ball. Label each layer with a toothpick.

Even if your hands don't seem dirty, it's important to wash them if you're going to touch your eye. You don't want to remove an object from your eye only to infect it with something worse. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and clean water for at least 20 seconds. This ensures that you don't get bacteria or other contaminants in your eyes. Eyes are quite vulnerable to damage and infection. Make sure you rinse all the soap off your hands so you don't get it in your eye. Move your eye back and forth to locate where the object is. Move your eye from left to right, as well as from top to bottom. You may be able to see or feel the object. Looking in a mirror may be helpful if you can't tell exactly where the object is. A bright light will help shed some light on the situation. Use it to make your inspection easier. Turn your head left and right and tip it up and down to move your eye while looking at it in a mirror Have a friend or family member do the inspection for you if you are having trouble. Pull your own eyelid down and look up, slowly enough that the inspector has a chance to examine your eye. If this doesn't reveal the object, repeat, this time pulling your eyelid up and looking down to allow for inspection of your upper eye. To examine underneath the eyelid, place a cotton swab right above the upper eyelid. Flip the lid over the cotton swab. This will allow you look for any object lodged in the eyelid itself. If you can't locate the object or can't remove it, call a doctor. Seek medical attention right away if you experience any of the following: You cannot remove the item from your eye The item is embedded inside your eye You experience abnormal vision Pain, redness, or discomfort continues after removal of the object from the eye It is possible to get a toxic substance in your eye. This can have very serious health consequences. Call poison control at (800) 222-1222 and seek medical attention immediately if you experience any of the following: Nausea or vomiting Headaches or lightheadedness Double vision or impaired vision Dizziness or loss of consciousness Rashes or fever
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One-sentence summary -- Wash your hands. Locate the object in your eye. Get help. Get professional help. Call poison control.

Until a person is experiencing an outbreak, it is difficult to know if the virus is being shed this is known as "asymptomatic shedding." On the whole, a person is most contagious (viral shedding is at its highest) when blisters are present. Cold sores pass through different stages. Initially, they cause an itching, burning or tingling sensation for a day or so. Then small, hard, painful spots appear, which quickly turn into erupting blisters. The fluid-filled blisters then break, oozing an yellowish liquid before crusting over. The scabs then flake off and the skin returns to normal. Cold sores persist for seven to 10 days and rarely leave scars. The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is typically spread from person to person contact, either by kissing or close contact with the genitals (oral sex). The most contagious period is when active and erupting blister-like sores are present, either near the lips or genitalia. Once the cold sores have dried and crusted over (which typically takes a few days), the risk of contagion is significantly reduced. However, keep in mind that HSV can spread without the presence of a cold sore of any kind, because it can infect saliva and other body fluids. Ask all potential partners about their HSV status before being intimate with them. If unsure, avoid kissing any skin abnormalities and don't exchange fluids. Cold sores on the mouth are mainly caused by the oral (type 1) herpes virus, but they can also be caused by contact with the genital (type 2) herpes virus. A healthy immune response usually combats it and prevents infection. Thus, people with weakened immunity are at higher risk of HSV infection and complications. Normally, HSV lives within nerves (ganglions) near the spinal cord, then it eventually gets triggered and travels within smaller peripheral nerves to the surface of the skin (around the mouth or genitalia), where it erupts and causes the formation of a sore. However, as noted above, HSV can also live in saliva and blood at certain stages and under certain circumstances. As such, reduce the risk of infected saliva exposure by not sharing food or beverages with anyone, regardless if they appear to have cold sores or not. In particular, refrain from sharing forks, spoons and straws. For an infection to occur, HSV typically needs a way into tissue so it can access nerve fibers, which essentially act as "highways" for the virus. Thus, small cuts or abrasions around your mouth, on your lips and/or on your sex organs will increase the risk of infection. However, an infection can occur even without a cut. Avoid sharing lip balms, lipstick and facial creams with other people also, as it's theoretically possible for HSV to survive on or in these mediums for short periods of time. It's rare to catch HSV and cold sores from contaminated surfaces, such as toilet seats or countertops, or other mediums like towels and washcloths, but it can occur. The herpes virus isn't well adapted to living outside the body, so it quickly dies when airborne or on surfaces which is contrast to viruses that cause the common cold. However, you could easily get infected saliva or other body fluids directly on your hands from another person and then inadvertently rub your mouth or eyes, so washing your hands after touching people is a still good protective strategy. Disinfect your hands by washing them with regular soap and water. Cold sores pass through different stages. Initially, they cause an itching, burning or tingling sensation for a day or so. Then small, hard, painful spots appear, which quickly turn into erupting blisters. The fluid-filled blisters then break, oozing an yellowish liquid before crusting over. The scabs then flake off and the skin returns to normal. Cold sores persist for 7-10 days and rarely leave scars.
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One-sentence summary --
Know when cold sores are most contagious. Be careful who you kiss and have sex with. Don't share food and beverages. Practice good hygiene.