Answer the following question given this paragraph: The brains of all mammals have a unique layer of nerve cells covering the cerebrum. This layer is called the neocortex (the pink region of the brains in Figure above ). The neocortex plays an important role in many complex brain functions. In some mammals, such as rats, the neocortex is relatively smooth. In other mammals, especially humans, the neocortex has many folds. The folds increase the surface area of the neocortex. The larger this area is, the greater the mental abilities of an animal. Q: What is the unique layer of nerve cells covering the cerebrum in mammals' brains called? A:
OPTIONS:
- the midbrain
- the neural
- cerebral cortex
- the neocortex

Answer: the neocortex

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Carboxylic acids can form esters with alcohols. Q: Carboxylic acids can form what with alcohols? A:
OPTIONS:
- lipids
- ketones
- aldehydes
- esters
Answer: esters

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: lead: An element that was once commonly used in gasoline and paint, is now found to have dangerous effects, such as brain damage. Lead contamination has many harmful effects on the body. Q: What element once commonly used in paint and gasoline has now been found to have dangerous effects? A:
OPTIONS:
- plastic
- chromium
- niacin
- lead
output: lead

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Sperm are released from the body during ejaculation . Ejaculation occurs when muscle contractions propel sperm from the epididymis. The sperm are forced through the ducts and out of the body through the urethra. As sperm travel through the ducts, they mix with fluids from the glands to form semen. Hundreds of millions of sperm are released with each ejaculation. Q: What is released from the body during ejaculation? A:

OPTIONS:
- saliva
- urine
- blood
- sperm

A: sperm

input: OPTIONS:
- nausea
- leukemia
- allergy
- asthma Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Asthma is a disease in which bronchioles in the lungs periodically swell and fill with mucus. Symptoms of asthma may include difficulty breathing, wheezing, coughing, and chest tightness. An asthma attack may be triggered by allergies, strenuous exercise, stress, or another respiratory illness such as a cold. Q: What is the disease in which bronchioles in the lungs periodically swell and fill with mucus? A:
A:
output: asthma

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Transition metals form metal complexes, polyatomic species in which a metal ion is bound to one or more ligands, which are groups bound to a metal ion. Complex ions are electrically charged metal complexes, and a coordination compound contains one or more metal complexes. Metal complexes with low coordination numbers generally have only one or two possible structures, whereas those with coordination numbers greater than six can have several different structures. Coordination numbers of two and three are common for d10 metal ions. Tetrahedral and square planar complexes have a coordination number of four; trigonal bipyramidal and square pyramidal complexes have a coordination number of five; and octahedral complexes have a coordination number of six. At least three structures are known for a coordination number of seven, which is generally found for only large metal ions. Coordination numbers of eight and nine are also found for larger metal ions. The stability of metal complexes with first-row transition metals in a +2 oxidation state varies inversely with their ionic radius. Lewis bases can be hard bases, which have small, relatively nonpolarizable donor atoms, orsoft bases, with larger, relatively polarizable donor atoms. Hard acids have the highest affinity for hard bases, and soft acids have the highest affinity for soft bases. Soft metals and soft bases form complexes that are more stable than would be predicted based on electrostatic arguments, which suggests that metal-to-ligand bonding is important. Ligands that are strong bases form the most stable complexes with metal ions that are hard acids. Exceptionally stable complexes are formed by chelates, which are polyatomic ligands with two or more donor atoms; this enhanced stability is known as the chelate effect. Many metal complexes formisomers, which are two or more compounds with the same formula but different arrangements of atoms. Structural isomers differ in which atoms are bonded to one another, while geometrical isomers differ only in the... Q: What is the term for polyatomic ligands with two or more donor atoms? A:
OPTIONS:
- proteins
- polyamines
- angiosperms
- chelates
Answer:
chelates