Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
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Question: Context: The aim of this study was to evaluate how closely analysis of bone quality performed using the bone mineral density (BMD) values obtained by quantitative computerized tomography (QCT) reflected the histologic bone density.', "Eighteen patients requiring implant therapy underwent CT scanning. Their data were processed using Image Master software, and the BMD was calculated by measuring the Hounsfield units and relating those values to a phantom (Calibration Phantom, Quantitative Technologies). Each patient wore a radiographic-surgical template in which titanium cylinders were placed as a drilling guide for preparation of the implant site. The mouth regions where the titanium guides were placed (on the CT images and in the patient's mouth) corresponded to the implant sites where the BMD was measured and where tissue specimens for histomorphometric analysis retrieved. Forty specimens measuring 6 mm in length and 2 mm in diameter were obtained. Histomorphometric analysis was performed by digitizing the images, which were subsequently analyzed using the image analysis software IAS 2000. The bone volume (BV) was calculated as a percentage by dividing the area occupied by the mineralized bone over the entire microscopic field.", 'The results of the statistical analysis showed a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.691 between the BV and BMD values, with a P value < 0.01, which was considered significant.
Answer: The results of this study support the use of QCT to assess the bone quality before implant placement to improve the planning of implant treatment.

Answer: Are bone mineral density and bone histomorphometry statistically related?

Question: Context: To assess the role of whole-body computed tomography (CT) for determining morphological suitability before multiorgan retrieval (MOR) in brain dead patients.', 'Fifty-one clinically brain dead patients (21 women, 30 men; mean age 61 year15) were included in this prospective, single center study. All patients had CT angiography of the brain and whole-body CT examination. CT images were evaluated for the presence of morphological abnormalities of lungs, liver and other abdominal organs and presence of vascular anatomical variants. The results of CT examinations were compared to intraoperative findings observed during organ harvesting and/or the results of histopathological analysis of biopsy specimens. The impact of whole-body CT examination on the harvesting process was evaluated.', 'Ninety-five percent of vascular anatomical variants that were found intraoperatively were depicted on CT. CT density measurements predicted surgical finding of steatosis in 80% of patients. Whole-body CT changed the MOR strategy in 21/51 patients (41%) including 3 MOR cancellations and 8 grafts refusals, whereas organ harvesting was continued in 10 patients after histopathological analysis was performed.
Answer: Selection of potential graft donors using whole-body CT is reliable and improves graft selection during MOR.

Answer: Is simultaneous CT angiography and whole-body CT an effective imaging approach before multiorgan retrieval?

Question: Context: Thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic surgery is sometimes complicated by subacute or delayed paraplegia. Pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) beta has been implicated in extensive inflammation and progressive neurodegeneration after ischemia. Using a rabbit model, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) in a temporal fashion.', 'Spinal cord ischemia was induced by aortic cross-clamping in New Zealand White rabbits. The animals were assigned to three groups. Group C (n = 20) received saline (0.2-mL) and Group I (n = 20) received IL-1ra (200-microg/0.2-mL) intrathecally just after reperfusion. Group S (n = 3) underwent sham operation without aortic occlusion. We assessed the neuroprotective effects of IL-1ra by evaluating neurological function, histopathological changes, and in-situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL staining). We also measured the levels of Nitric Oxide (NO) and S100beta in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Each evaluation was performed sequentially within 120 hours after reperfusion.', 'Group C showed progressive deterioration of motor function which became statistically significant from 48 hours after the onset of reperfusion (P < .05, P < .01, P < .001, P < .001 at 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours, respectively). Compared to Group C, a higher number of viable neurons was observed with less severe spinal cord injury in Group I (P < .01, .05 and .05 at 24, 72, and 120 hours, respectively). TUNEL-positive neurons were also significantly reduced by the administration of IL-1ra (P <.01 and .05 at 24, and 120 hours, respectively). The difference between Group C and Group I with regard to NO was significant at 72 and 120 hours (P < .05), while that in terms of S100beta was significant only at 24 hours (P < .05).
Answer: Administration of IL-1ra attenuates spinal cord ischemic-reperfusion injury as evidenced by reducing both neuronal necrosis and apoptosis.

Answer:
Does interleukin-1 receptor antagonist attenuate the severity of spinal cord ischemic injury in rabbits?