You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.
Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease with an uncertain pathogenesis. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) represent a recently discovered cell population which has been implicated in driving Th2 inflammation in CRS; however, their relationship with clinical disease characteristics has yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to identify ILC2s in sinus mucosa in patients with CRS and controls and compare ILC2s across characteristics of disease. A cross-sectional study of patients with CRS undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery was conducted. Sinus mucosal biopsies were obtained during surgery and control tissue from patients undergoing pituitary tumour resection through transphenoidal approach. ILC2s were identified as CD45(+) Lin(-) CD127(+) CD4(-) CD8(-) CRTH2(CD294)(+) CD161(+) cells in single cell suspensions through flow cytometry. ILC2 frequencies, measured as a percentage of CD45(+) cells, were compared across CRS phenotype, endotype, inflammatory CRS subtype and other disease characteristics including blood eosinophils, serum IgE, asthma status and nasal symptom score. 35 patients (40% female, age 48 17 years) including 13 with eosinophilic CRS (eCRS), 13 with non-eCRS and 9 controls were recruited. ILC2 frequencies were associated with the presence of nasal polyps (P = 0.002) as well as high tissue eosinophilia (P = 0.004) and eosinophil-dominant CRS (P = 0.001) (Mann-Whitney U). They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia (P = 0.005). There were no significant associations found between ILC2s and serum total IgE and allergic disease. In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (P = 0.03). ILC2s were also correlated with worsening nasal symptom score in CRS (P = 0.04).
Solution: 1
Why? There is a line in the passage which say 'The aim of this study was...' which suggests that it is talking about a specific aim. Hence, the output should be 1 as this passage has a definite aim.

New input: Left atrial (LA) enlargement is related to diastolic dysfunction and mitral regurgitation (MR), both of which are common in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). This study investigates the association between LA size and exercise capacity in patients with HCM.', 'All HCM patients who underwent a treadmill test with direct measurement of oxygen consumption (VO2) and a standard transthoracic echocardiography within 30 days in the years 2001-2003 were identified. Patients with significant comorbidities were excluded. Exercise capacity was defined as percentage of predicted peak VO2. Clinical and echocardiographic parameters were compared with those of a group of normal subjects.', "Compared with normal subjects, HCM patients had increased left atrial (LA) volume index (36 vs 21 mL/m2; P < .0001) and mitral E/e' ratio (14 vs 9; P < .0001); 27% of the patients had at least moderate MR. LA volume index demonstrated borderline correlation with exercise capacity (r = -.20; P = .06) but was an independent predictor of exercise capacity in a multivariate linear analysis, together with body mass index, heart rate at rest, and left ventricular end-systolic diameter. Including the parameters E/e' ratio or moderate or severe MR did not add incremental value to the model.
Solution:
0