Problem: Three kids have been learning chemistry for only a few months. But they have already begun to challenge a world famous scientist! Li Weichi, Huang Runling, and Xiao Yan are from Zhongshan Huaqiao Middle School in Guangdong. They have just found a red cabbage that could be a new kind of acid-base indicator . They want it to take the place of litmus paper. "We've learnt to think of and ask questions about life by ourselves," said Li, "We work well with each other." British scientist Robert Boyle discovered the use of litmus paper over 300 years ago. Now it is used widely in experiments all over the world. But when the kids did some experiments in class last winter, they saw that the litmus paper didn't turn very blue with base matter. It's hard to get a clear result. Will there be a better indicator than litmus paper? The three kids decided to try and find out! How? They went to collect over 40 plants in parks, gardens and markets. Then they ground leaves, flowers and stems to get the pigments from them. The kids mixed pigments with acid and base. They spent months watching carefully to see which paper showed the best colour change. They decided it was the litmus paper! "It's our first scientific journey, Huang said, "But it makes me want to try harder."
1. What subject do the kids study?
2. How many kids are there?
3. What are their names?
4. Are they in school?
5. Which one do they attend?
6. Where is that at?
7. What chemist are they challenging?
8. What did he discover?
9. How long ago was that?
10. What might replace the litmus paper?
Answer: 1. chemistry
2. Three
3. Li Weichi, Huang Runling, and Xiao Yan
4. Yes
5. Zhongshan Huaqiao Middle School
6. Guangdong
7. Robert Boyle
8. the use of litmus paper
9. over 300 years ago
10. mixed pigments with acid and base

Problem: Steve was excited about the trip he was taking tonight. The family was going out to his favorite place to eat. Steve loved spaghetti and meatballs, and the restaurant made the very best!

When Steve and his parents got to the restaurant, his mother had to tell him to stop running so fast. Steve couldn't help himself, he wanted to be inside and at a table so badly. The restaurant had pictures of all the people that used to work there in the past, it had been around for a long time with a history of such great food. It was not the first time his mother had to tell him to slow down.

When they were taken to their table and went through the curtain to the dining area, Steve had another nice surprise waiting for him. It would not be a table for three, his favorite aunt and uncle were waiting at the table for them! Steve sat down quickly to get some of the bread sticks before they were all gone.

Steve did not even need a menu, he knew what he wanted. Bring on the spaghetti and meatballs, nice and hot!
1. why was steve excited?
2. where was he going?
3. did he like spaghetti?
4. and also meat balls?
5. was the restaurant old or new?
6. what did his mother have to tell him when they got there?
7. what was the other surprise for steven?
8. did Steven have bread sticks?
9. what did he want to eat?
10. hot or cold?
Answer: 1. taking a trip
2. his favorite restaurant
3. yes
4. yes
5. old
6. to slow down
7. his aunt and uncle were there
8. yes
9. spaghetti and meatballs
10. hot

Problem: Normandy (; , pronounced , Norman: "Normaundie", from Old French "Normanz", plural of "Normant", originally from the word for "northman" in several Scandinavian languages) is one of the 18 regions of France, roughly corresponding to the historical Duchy of Normandy.

Administratively, Normandy is divided into five "departments": Calvados, Eure, Manche, Orne, and Seine-Maritime. It covers 30,627km (11,926 sq mi), forming roughly 5% of the territory of France. Its population of 3.37million accounts for around 5% of the population of France. Normans is the name given to the inhabitants of Normandy, and the region is the homeland of the Norman language.

The historical region of Normandy comprised the present-day region of Normandy, as well as small areas now part of the "departements," or departments of Mayenne and Sarthe. The Channel Islands (referred to as "Iles Anglo-Normandes" in French) are also historically part of Normandy; they cover 194km and comprise two bailiwicks: Guernsey and Jersey, which are British Crown dependencies over which Queen Elizabeth II reigns as Duke of Normandy.

Normandy's name is derived from the settlement of the territory by mainly Danish and Norwegian Vikings ("Northmen") from the 9th century, and confirmed by treaty in the 10th century between King Charles III of France and Earl Rollo of Mre, Norway. For a century and a half following the Norman conquest of England in 1066, Normandy and England were linked by Norman and Frankish rulers.
1. How many regions were there?
2. How many km does it cover?
3. what percent of france does it make up?
4. how many miles does it cover?
5. How many people live there?
6. What percent of the population is that?
7. What are the people there called?
8. What language is founded there?
9. where is the name comprised from?
10. How is Normandy and England linked?
Answer: 1. 18
2. 30,627
3. Five
4. 11,926
5. 3.37million
6. Five
7. Normans
8. Norman
9. northman
10. two bailiwicks are British Crown dependencies

Problem: To unambiguously specify the date, dual dating or Old Style (O.S.) and New Style (N.S.) are sometimes used with dates. Dual dating uses two consecutive years because of differences in the starting date of the year, or includes both the Julian and Gregorian dates. Old Style and New Style (N.S.) indicate either whether the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on 1 January (N.S.) even though documents written at the time use a different start of year (O.S.), or whether a date conforms to the Julian calendar (O.S.) rather than the Gregorian (N.S.).

The Gregorian calendar was a reform of the Julian calendar instituted in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by papal bull Inter gravissimas dated 24 February 1582. The motivation for the adjustment was to bring the date for the celebration of Easter to the time of year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early Church. Although a recommendation of the First Council of Nicaea in 325 specified that all Christians should celebrate Easter on the same day, it took almost five centuries before virtually all Christians achieved that objective by adopting the rules of the Church of Alexandria (see Easter for the issues which arose).
1. What other term for dual dating?
2. What dual dating for?
3. How many years it is for?
4. What name it has included?
5. In what year it changed?
6. Why it has to change?
Answer:
1. Old Style (O.S.) and New Style (N.S.)
2. differences in the starting date of the year
3. two consecutive years
4. Pope Gregory XIII,
5. in 1582
6. to bring the date for the celebration of Easter to the time of year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early Church