Q: In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
denying recovery for negligent infliction of emotional distress because the plaintiffs were not physically present, cited with approval Dillon v. Legg, 68 Cal.2d 728, 69 Cal.Rptr. 72, 441 P.2d 912 (1968). Dillon directs the courts to look at various factors to- determine who can recover for the tort of negligent infliction of mental distress including whether the plaintiff and victim are "closely related." Cases in California since Dillon have expressly held that a plaintiff must be closely related to recover for the negligent infliction of emotional distress. Elden v. Sheldon, 46 Cal.3d 267, 250 Cal.Rptr. 254, 758 P.2d 582 (1988) (plaintiff living together with victim in de facto marriage not "closely related"); Thing v. La Chusa, 48 Cal.3d 644, 257 Cal.Rptr. 865, 771 P.2d 814 (1989), (<HOLDING>). The Ninth Circuit has also recognized this
Holding statements: (A) holding that related provisions should be read together (B) holding that all related matters must be arbitrated (C) holding that plaintiff must present such evidence (D) recognizing that a mailing must be sufficiently related to the fraudulent scheme to support a charge of mail fraud (E) holding plaintiff must be closely related to victim
A:
(E)