Problem: (1) In 1967 , Case Institute merged with DePaul University , and Wilding-White accepted an invitation from Western Reserve University to design and install an electronic music studio there .
(2) In 1967 , the Case Institute merged with Western Reserve University , and Wilding - White accepted an invitation from DePaul University to design and install an electronic music studio there .

Do (1) and (2) mean the same thing?
A: no

Problem: (1) Therefore , the optimal language is universal up to this additive constant .
(2) The optimum language up to this additive constant is therefore universal .

Do (1) and (2) mean the same thing?
A: yes

Problem: (1) The Gill family closed the mill in 1968 and sold them to the new owners in 1980 .
(2) The Gill family sold the mill in 1968 and was closed in 1980 by the new owners .

Do (1) and (2) mean the same thing?
A: no

Problem: (1) We consider pseudo-differential operators here as a generalization of differential operators .
(2) We consider differential operators here as a generalization of pseudo-differential operators .

Do (1) and (2) mean the same thing?
A:
no