Problem: Article: Place your onion on a cutting board and, using a sharp knife, cut off the bottom and remove the outer peel. Your onion piece should be about 1in (2.5cm) long to grow a healthy onion. If you're growing the onions outside, start your cuttings in early spring. For onions grown indoors, any time of the year is fine. You can use most onion varieties, including grocery store-bought onions, for growing more onions. This technique works best if you work with a fresh onion that has not yet gone bad. After chopping the onion, discard the rest of the onion and place the bottom on a flat, dry surface with the cut side up. Let the onion bottom dry out for up to a day until it is calloused and dry to the touch. If not discarding, you can use the rest of the onion for cooking or for compost if you prefer. Divide your onion bottom into 4 sides, and poke a toothpick halfway into each side. The toothpicks should be equally spaced apart so they resemble an "X" in spacing. This will allow you to suspend your onion over water while it roots. Fill a bowl with water to the brim and place it on a flat surface. Position the onion so the bottom just touches the top of the water, and leave it to grow for 3-4 days. Plant the cutting when it begins growing small, white roots from the bottom. The bowl's diameter should be less wide than the length of the toothpicks. To help the cutting grow faster, suspend the onion near a sunny window or place it outdoors.
Summary: Chop the onion about 1in (2.5cm) from the bottom. Leave the onion bottom out to dry for 12-24 hours. Poke toothpicks into each side of the onion. Hang the onion over a small bowl of water.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: If someone has a head injury, the first thing he should do is sit quietly and place something cold against the injury. A cold compress or bag of ice is good, though if you are inside, a bag of frozen vegetables can do the trick. It is best if the person avoids moving unless you need to get somewhere for better treatment. If it is a fallen child, do not pick him up unless absolutely necessary. If the person should suddenly lose consciousness, or stop breathing, you will need to start giving CPR right away. Keep the person on their back, and push down on the chest. If you are trained and comfortable performing CPR, open the airways and give rescue breaths. Repeat as necessary. While you want for the ambulance to arrive, make sure to keep checking breathing, pulse, or anything else that indicates consciousness and ability to respond. . If you suspect a serious head injury, or can see signs of a fractured skull or serious bleeding, you will need emergency services to arrive. When you call, be sure to stay as calm as possible while you explain what happened and what kind of help you need. Make sure you give a specific location where the ambulance can reach you. Stay on the line until the dispatcher hangs up so they can offer advice as needed. Spinal injuries can cause paralysis or other serious problems. Most treatment will come from medical professionals. There are a few steps you can take to help keep the situation from getting worse until they arrive. Keep the person still. If necessary, hold his head or neck in place, or place heavy towels on both sides of the neck for stability. Perform modified CPR if the person shows no sign of breathing, known as the jaw-thrust. Do not tilt the head back to open the airway. Instead, kneel behind the person's head and place a hand on either side of his jaw. Holding the head steady, push the mandible up it should look as if the person has an extreme underbite. Do not do any rescue breathing, just chest compressions. If the person starts vomiting, and you do need to roll him over to prevent choking, get a second person to help keep the head, neck, and back aligned. Make sure one of you is at the person's head, while the other should be at their side. If the person has a cut on her head, you will need to stop the bleeding. Make sure to take care you avoid infecting the wound. Use water, if you have it, to flush the wound and remove most of the dirt or anything else there. Press a dry cloth directly onto the wound to help staunch the bleeding. Secure the dressing using gauze and medical tape if you have it. If you don't, make sure someone holds it in place. If you are worried about a skull fracture under the cut, keep the pressure gentle. Try not to press hard so you can avoid compressing the fracture, or pushing bone fragments into the brain. Do not wash any head wounds that are deep or bleeding a lot. While the most serious work of treating a skull fracture will be done by medical professionals, there are several steps you can take to help the injury. Without touching anything, take a look at the fractured area to see what you can learn about it. This can be useful information for the ambulance when it arrives. Just make sure that you don't touch the wound with any foreign objects, including your finger. Control blood loss by placing a dry cloth directly over the wound. If it soaks through, do not remove the cloth. Instead, add another one and continue to apply pressure as needed. Be very careful not to move the person. If you must move her, do your best to keep the head and neck stable. Do not allow the head and neck to twist or turn around. If the injured person starts vomiting, carefully turn her whole body to the side so he doesn't choke on the vomit.

SUMMARY: Have the person sit down. Be prepared to start CPR. Call 911 Treat any spinal injuries. Treat any bleeding wounds. Provide treatment around skull fractures.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: In the advanced phase of the disease, the liver is unable to filter the harmful substances from the blood. This will cause an accumulation of poisonous substances in the brain therefore altering the brain function. You may begin to suffer from fainting episodes, sleepiness, and confusion. In turn, these symptoms can lead to a coma in severe cases. See a doctor right away if you suddenly feel very confused or begin to have fainting spells. This same issue can also cause personality changes that include behavioral change and memory problems. In particular, examine your eyes, skin and tongue. When these parts of your body turn yellow, it is a sign that you have jaundice. Jaundice is caused by cirrhosis; your liver is not functioning properly, thus there an increased amount of bilirubin in your blood. Swelling of the feet, legs and ankles occurs because the liver is not able to remove waste products to include the excess water from the body. This causes water and salt to accumulate in the body. This will also cause the abdomen to become distended as water accumulates. Men will often experience the swelling of their breast, shrinking of testicles and, in worst cases, impotence. Increased heartbeat occurs because of the increased volume of fluids in the bloodstream. This happens because the diseased liver is not able to remove excess water from the body. This overworks the heart because it is already pumping all of your blood throughout your body. In turn, your heart rate will increase. Damage to the liver means that it is unable to accumulate glycogen, a carbohydrate that provides the body with temporary energy. When the liver is damaged, it forces the body to use its muscle tissue to supply energy in between meals and this causes weakness and muscle wasting. One of the side effects of late stage cirrhosis is the inability to stop a cut from bleeding. When the liver becomes damaged, it has a difficult time creating the blood clotting factors needed to stop blood from leaking out of a cut. You should also take note if your gums seem to bleed more often than normal, even if you brush them very gently.
Summary:
Keep track of any feelings of confusion that may develop. Call a doctor if you notice that your skin has turned yellow. Take note if any parts of your body begin to swell. See a doctor if you notice that your heartbeat has increased. Pay attention to any gradual weight loss that occurs. Note if cuts won't seem to stop bleeding.