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A discussion group may have trouble just taking off on a certain topic. Move the discussion along by asking open-ended questions to get people talking about the subject. Open-ended questions are ones that require more than a "yes" or "no" answer. You can ask exploring questions to get dialogue going, such as "What do you think was meant by 'objectivity versus subjectivity'?" Challenge questions can get a debate going, such as "What assumptions is the author making? Do you think they're valid assumptions?" You can also ask questions about relationships, such as "What are the similarities between these two ideas? What are the differences?" Diagnostic questions can be helpful as well, such as "What do you think the author's motive was for this scene?" As a leader, it's your job to help all the members in the group have a say. Some members will be shyer than others, which means you need to create a space for them to speak. For instance, you could go around the group and have each person say what they think, so everyone has a chance to speak. To be effective as a leader, pay attention to how each member is reacting to what's being said. If you ignore how members are feeling, you could alienate some of the group. That includes paying attention to their nonverbal reactions. They may be saying a great deal with their body language. Take steps to address issues as you notice them. For instance, if one person gets consistently cut off by another member, you may notice they cross their arms and glare at the other person. Try to mediate the problem by asking what that person thinks, as well as encouraging members to let others finish their thoughts before speaking up. While heated discussions can be fine, make sure everyone stays on point. They should be discussing ideas, not diving into attacks on other people, whether they're attacking people in the group or not. It's best if you can take notes somewhere where everyone can see, such as on a projection screen or whiteboard. That way, you have something everyone can focus on and refer back to, as well as a record of what happened in the group. If you prefer, you can ask a volunteer to do the note-taking. If the group is functioning on its own, try not to interrupt the flow. If the discussion is on task and clipping along at a good speed, try not to stop the flow by interrupting the conversation.

summary: Ask questions to initiate discussion. Encourage each member to speak. Maintain an awareness of individual emotions. Steer the group away from personal attacks. Keep track of what's being said. Get out of the way of a functioning group.

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Keep your brain stimulated and active by picking up a new habit. Practicing something new forms new neural pathways in your brain. Repeating the same action over and over strengthens these newly formed brain pathways. The more you use your brain, the better it will work. If you're learning a new instrument, practice playing it every day. If you want to learn a new language, practice speaking with others regularly. Start with small actions and do them repeatedly to train your brain and make it a habit. With so much information just a quick search away, it is easy to avoid using our memory. It's not as essential to commit things to our brain as it once was, but the practice of remembering things can improve brain function. Repetition is one of the best ways to engage your memory. Memorize a few of your closest friends' phone numbers to exercise your memory. Try to think about a situation from a different viewpoint or perspective. It can be as simple as thinking about why that crazy driver cut you off this morning. It's easy to think they're just a reckless driver, but maybe they genuinely didn't see you there because you were in their blind spot. This will train your brain to think differently and more creatively about various situations. This can help you explore uncomfortable ideas without getting overly emotional about it. While you may feel like you are accomplishing more by multi-tasking, you are actually more likely to make mistakes and get frustrated when things go wrong. By not multi-tasking, you can train your brain to focus your attention on one activity at a time and do better work. Break up tasks into smaller blocks of time so that you can dedicate that time solely to what you need to accomplish. It is impossible to focus for hours at a time, so make sure you schedule breaks to regroup. Reading a thrilling book can actually enhance your cognitive function. Reading also helps to develop language skills and increase attention spans. Try to read a little bit every day to enjoy the brain benefits. Pick up a book, magazine, or newspaper and get reading!

summary: Learn something new. Use your memory. Change your perspective. Stop multi-tasking. Read every day.

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skype.com and click "Downloads" at the top of the screen. Android, iPhone, Blackberry, and Windows Phone users can enter their number to receive a direct link to the Skype app. If you don't want to enter your phone number, click the "Alternatively, visit the store" link underneath the "Send link to my phone" button. Skype comes pre-installed on the Nokia X family of phones. To run it, just tap the Skype icon from your home screen. Kindle Fire users will be taken to the Amazon page for Skype for Kindle Fire Phone. Under "Deliver to", choose the name you gave your Kindle Fire Phone, then click "Deliver". Skype will install automatically. Use it by tapping its icon on your phone's home screen.
summary: Go to www. Click "Mobile", then scroll down and click "Get the App" under the type of phone you have.