In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Q: Context: Oxidative stress plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) etiopathogenesis. There were several studies that showed impaired antioxidant defense system (ADS) enzymes expression or activity in AD patients. There are only few studies evaluating the importance of ADS gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as risk factors of AD. We evaluated association between chosen SNPs of the enzymes of the ADS and risk of AD.", 'We included 400 AD patients and 402 healthy controls. We studied rs1041740, rs4998557 and rs2070424 of the SOD1 gene, rs2855116, rs5746136 and rs4880 of the SOD2 gene and rs3448, rs1050450 and rs1800668 of the GPx-1 gene (real time PCR). To determine the APOE gene common polymorphism, two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; NCBI SNPs rs429358 and rs7412) were genotyped (TaqMan assays, Applied Biosystems [ABI], Foster City, CA, USA). The genotype and gender frequencies were compared between the studied groups by the (2) test and mean age by the t-Student test.', 'Among all studied SNPs only rs2070424 of the SOD1 gene was a protective factor for AD in an additive (OR=0.47; 95% CI=0.30-0.74, p=0.001) and recessive (OR=0.47; 95% CI=0.30-0.75, p=0.002) models including age, gender and APOE gene status.\Question: Is rs2070424 of the SOD1 gene associated with risk of Alzheimer 's disease?

A: rs2070424 polymorphism of the SOD1 gene is a risk factor for AD in Polish population. Allel G and genotype AG and GG are protective factors for AD.
****
Q: Context: Interobserver and intraobserver reliability study of improved method to evaluate radiographs of patients with scoliosis.', 'To determine the reliability of a computer-assisted measurement protocol for evaluating Cobb angle and King et al classification.', 'Evaluation of scoliosis radiographs is inherently unreliable because of technical and human judgmental errors. Objective, computer-assisted evaluation tools may improve reliability.', 'Posteroanterior preoperative radiographic images of 27 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were each displayed on a computer screen. They were marked 3 times in random sequence by each of 5 evaluators (observers) who marked 70 standardized points on the vertebrae and sacrum in each radiograph. A computer program (Spine 2002;27:2801-5) that identified curves, calculated Cobb angles, and generated the King et al classification automatically analyzed coordinates of these points. The interobserver and intraobserver variability of the Cobb angle and King et al classification evaluations were quantified and compared with values obtained by unassisted observers.', 'Average Cobb angle intraobserver standard deviation was 2.0 degrees for both the thoracic and lumbar curves (range 0.1 to 8.3 degrees for different curves). Interobserver reliability was 2.5 degrees for thoracic curves and 2.6 degrees for lumbar curves. Among the 5 observers, there was an inverse relationship between repeatability and time spent marking images, and no correlation with image quality or curve magnitude. Kappa values for the variability of the King et al classification averaged 0.85 (intraobserver).\Question: Do computer-assisted algorithms improve reliability of King classification and Cobb angle measurement of scoliosis?

A: Variability of Cobb measurements compares favorably with previously published series. The classification was more reliable than achieved by unassisted observers evaluating the same radiographs. The same principles may be applicable to other radiographic measurement and evaluation procedures.
****
Q: Context: To determine the effect of subthalamic stimulation on visually triggered eye and head movements in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).", 'We compared the gain and latency of visually triggered eye and head movements in 12 patients bilaterally implanted into the subthalamic nucleus (STN) for severe PD and six age-matched control subjects. Visually triggered movements of eye (head restrained), and of eye and head (head unrestrained) were recorded in the absence of dopaminergic medication. Bilateral stimulation was turned OFF and then turned ON with voltage and contact used in chronic setting. The latency was determined from the beginning of initial horizontal eye movements relative to the target onset, and the gain was defined as the ratio of the amplitude of the initial movement to the amplitude of the target movement.', "Without stimulation, the initiation of the head movement was significantly delayed in patients and the gain of head movement was reduced. Our patients also presented significantly prolonged latencies and hypometry of visually triggered saccades in the head-fixed condition and of gaze in head-free condition. Bilateral STN stimulation with therapeutic parameters improved performance of orienting gaze, eye and head movements towards the controls' level\Question: Does subthalamic stimulation improve orienting gaze movements in Parkinson 's disease?

A:
These results demonstrate that visually triggered saccades and orienting eye-head movements are impaired in the advanced stage of PD. In addition, subthalamic stimulation enhances amplitude and shortens latency of these movements.
****