Given a passage and a query based on the passage, generate an unambiguous, concise and simple answer to the query from information in the passage. Note that the answer may not be present in exact form.

Input: Consider Input: Children with mosaic Down syndrome may have the same features as other children with Down syndrome. However, they may have fewer features of the condition due to the presence of some (or many) cells with a typical number of chromosomes. Down syndrome is a set of physical and mental traits caused by a gene problem that happens before birth. Children who have Down syndrome tend to have certain features, such as a flat face and a short neck. Chromosomes R Us - English (Video) This is a short film by actors with Down syndrome explaining how Trisomy 21 occurs. Made by Shabang Inclusive Learning in collaboration with Mediapreview. Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, UK. This film was made possible by generous funding from BBC Children in Need. Down syndrome can be diagnosed in infancy based on the characteristic clinical findings. When Down syndrome is suspected in a person, a genetic test called a chromosome analysis is performed on a blood or skin sample to look for an extra chromosome 21 (trisomy 21). Trisomy 21 means that each cell in the body has three copies of chromosome 21 instead of the usual two copies. Having an extra number 21 chromosome interrupts the normal course of development, causing the characteristic clinical features of Down syndrome. Down syndrome can be caused by one of three types of abnormal cell division involving chromosome 21. The three genetic variations include: Trisomy 21 More than 90% of Down syndrome cases are caused by trisomy 21. An extra chromosome (chromosome 21) originates in the development of either the sperm or the egg. When the egg and the sperm unite to form the fertilized egg, three (rather than two) chromosomes 21 are present. Any one of three genetic variations can cause Down syndrome: Trisomy 21. About 95 percent of the time, Down syndrome is caused by trisomy 21 the person has three copies of chromosome 21, instead of the usual two copies, in all cells. This is caused by abnormal cell division during the development of the sperm cell or the egg cell. Mosaic Down syndrome. You may decide to have: 1 Screening tests, such as an ultrasound or a blood test during your first or second trimester. These can help show if the developing baby (fetus) is at risk for Down syndrome. 2 Diagnostic tests, such as chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis. These can show if a baby has Down syndrome. Down Syndrome Causes and Symptoms. Down syndrome is a genetic disorder in which, most often, a third copy of chromosome 21 is present in cells because of an abnormal cell division when the egg and sperm first meet. The complications of living with Down syndrome can range in severity to mild to extreme and may include the following: 1 Thyroid disease. 2 Heart defects. 3 Infectious diseases. 4 Sleep apnea. 5 Obesity. 6 Seizures. 7 Hearing loss. 8 Premature aging. 9 Skeletal problems. 10 Inability to care for one's self. The risk for someone with tranlocation trisomy 21 passing on the condition to a child is roughly 10 to 15 percent for women and three percent for men. Since translocation trisomy 21 only accounts for around four percent of people with Down syndrome, less than one percent of cases would be considered hereditary. Query: how does down syndrome caused

Output: Down syndrome can be caused by one of three types of abnormal cell division involving chromosome 21. The three genetic variations include: Trisomy 21 More than 90% of Down syndrome cases are caused by trisomy 21. An extra chromosome (chromosome 21) originates in the development of either the sperm or the egg. When the egg and the sperm unite to form the fertilized egg, three (rather than two) chromosomes 21 are present.

Input: Consider Input: Approximately 3 weeks. Females lay eggs 5 to 7 days after emerging from the chrysalis. The eggs hatch after three days. Caterpillars emerge from the eggs and eat for 10 to 12 days before forming chrysalides. Adult butterflies emerge from the chrysalides in 7 to 10 days. In this post, I'm going to explain some of the most unknown facts about how long do butterflies live in captivity and in the wild. A butterfly is a flying insect that belongs to the Lepidoptera order along with the moths and butterflies. The Brimstone butterfly (Gonepterix rhamni) has the longest lifetime of the adult butterflies: 9-10 months. Some Case Moth caterpillars (Psychidae) build a case around themselves that they always carry with them. Q. How does a monarch butterfly know how to fly right away when it hatches out of its chrysalis? A. Instinct. Unlike humans, insects don't have to learn much. They are genetically programmed to do things like fly, find food, and migrate (in the case of monarchs). In some ways, this sounds like a great thing. Monarchs (Danaus plexippus) and Swallowtails may live about a month in the summer, but the Monarchs that migrate to Mexico or to the California coast may live up to six months. Some long-lived tropical butterflies live up to six months as adults. The long-life champion is a tiny yucca moth that feeds on Banana Yucca (Yucca baccata). Dr. In fact, four individual butterflies constitute the four generations that go through the said four phases in the span of one year, and then they start the process afresh starting with the first stage and first generation. 1 What Do Praying Mantis Eat | Praying Mantis Diet. 2 Peacock Butterfly Facts | Anatomy, Diet, Habitat, Behavior. 3 Pond Snail Facts | Anatomy, Diet, Habitat, Behavior. 4 Black Swallowtail Butterfly Facts | Anatomy, Diet, Habitat, Behavior. 5 Karner Blue Butterfly Facts | Anatomy, Diet, Habitat, Reproduction. Also fall-hatched monarch butterflies migrate south in fall and northward in spring. Adults of these species may survive for 8-9 months or longer. Total Life Span Although larvae eat only milkweed, adult monarchs feed on the nectar of many plants including: 1 Apocynum cannabinum Indian hemp. 2 Asclepias sp. milkweeds. 3 Aster sp. asters. 4 Cirsium sp. thistles. 5 Daucus carota wild carrot. 6 Dipsacus sylvestris teasel. 7 Echinacea sp. coneflowers. 8 Erigeron canadensis horseweed. The chrysalis is simply the word for the butterfly during the pupa stage. The outside of the chrysalis is the exoskeleton, or skin, of the pupa. When it becomes time for the larva (caterpillar) to become a chrysalis, the caterpillar spins a silk button from which it hangs. Query: how long does butterflies live

Output: The adult butterflies live 9-10 months.

Input: Consider Input: Titan is the largest moon of Saturn. It is the only moon known to have a dense atmosphere, and the only object in space other than Earth where clear evidence of stable bodies of surface liquid has been found. Titan is the sixth gravitationally rounded moon from Saturn. Frequently described as a planet-like moon, Titan is 50% larger than Earth's Moon, and it is 80% more massive. It is the second-largest moon in the Solar System, after Jupiter's moon Ganymede, and is larger than the smallest plane Discovered in 1655 by the Dutch astronomer Christiaan Huygens, Titan was the first known moon of Saturn, and the sixth known planetary satellite (after Earth's Moon and the four Galilean moons of Jupiter). Titan orbits Saturn at 20 Saturn radii. From Titan's surface, Saturn subtends an arc of 5.09 degrees and would appear 11.4 times larger in the sky than the Moon from Earth. Titan is primarily composed of water ice and rocky material. Saturn's orbit around the sun is right around a billion miles out. Earth's orbit is just inside 100 million. So, Saturn can be as close to us as just under a billion miles, or as far away as nearly 2 billion, depending on what side of the sun we're on. Saturn orbits the sun once every 30 years. How far is the planet Saturn from planet Earth? The planet Saturn was relatively close to Earth on December 31, 2003, when it was about 746 million miles away. It is some 900 million miles away from the sun. Titan is the largest moon of Saturn. It is the only moon known to have a dense atmosphere, and the only object in space other than Earth where clear evidence of stable bodies of surface liquid has been found. Titan is the sixth ellipsoidal moon from Saturn. Frequently described as a planet-like moon, Titan is 50% larger than Earth's Moon, and it is 80% more massive. It is the second-largest moon in the Solar System, after Jupiter's moon Ganymede, and is larger than the smallest planet, Mercury, but only 40% as massive. Viewed from Earth, Titan reaches an angular distance of about 20 Saturn radii (just over 1,200,000 kilometers (750,000 mi)) from Saturn and subtends a disk 0.8 arcseconds in diameter. The small, irregularly shaped satellite Hyperion is locked in a 3:4 orbital resonance with Titan. How far is Saturn from Earth at aphelion? At Saturn's aphelion, it is about 10.1 AU from the Sun. Therefore, it would be anywhere between 9.1 and 11.1 AU from the Earth, depending on whether Earth is on the same side of the Sun as Saturn, or on the opposite side. How far is Saturn from the Earth? The distance is always changing as both planets move around the Sun. The average is about 1.4 billion kilometers, or more than 8 times as far as Earth is from the Sun (8 AU). At its closest, when both planets are on the same side of the Sun, Saturn is about 8 AU (1.2 billion km or 744 million miles) from us. This depends where the two planets are in their orbits! At their closest Saturn is around 1.2 billion km away from Earth (roughly 7 AU) and when they are at their most distant from each other, Saturn is approximately 1.67 billion km from Earth (around 11 AU). Saturn's distance is 1,010,000,000 miles (1,620,000,000 kilometers) from Earth. It took images of Titan, including Titan and Saturn together in mid to late 1979. The quality was soon surpassed by the two Voyagers. Titan was examined by both Voyager 1 and 2 in 1980 and 1981, respectively. Query: how far is saturn?
Output: The average distance from the Earth to the Saturn is about 1.4 billion kilometers.