Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Neurons are classified based on the direction in which they carry nerve impulses. Q: Neurons are classified based on the direction in which they carry what? A:

OPTIONS:
- metabolism impulses
- energy
- neurotransmitters
- nerve impulses

A: nerve impulses

input: OPTIONS:
- photic
- photoreactive zone
- trophic
- aphotic zone Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Lakes and Ponds Lakes and ponds can range in area from a few square meters to thousands of square kilometers. Temperature is an important abiotic factor affecting living things found in lakes and ponds. In the summer, thermal stratification of lakes and ponds occurs when the upper layer of water is warmed by the sun and does not mix with deeper, cooler water. Light can penetrate within the photic zone of the lake or pond. Phytoplankton (algae and cyanobacteria) are found here and carry out photosynthesis, providing the base of the food web of lakes and ponds. Zooplankton, such as rotifers and small crustaceans, consume these phytoplankton. At the bottom of lakes and ponds, bacteria in the aphotic zone break down dead organisms that sink to the bottom. Nitrogen and phosphorus are important limiting nutrients in lakes and ponds. Because of this, they are determining factors in the amount of phytoplankton growth in lakes and ponds. When there is a large input of nitrogen and phosphorus (from sewage and runoff from fertilized lawns and farms, for example), the growth of algae skyrockets, resulting in a large accumulation of algae called an algal bloom. Algal blooms (Figure 44.24) can become so extensive that they reduce light penetration in water. As a result, the lake or pond becomes aphotic and photosynthetic plants cannot survive. When the algae die and decompose, severe oxygen depletion of the water occurs. Fishes and other organisms that require oxygen are then more likely to die, and resulting dead zones are found across the globe. Lake Erie and the Gulf of Mexico represent freshwater and marine habitats where phosphorus control and storm water runoff pose significant environmental challenges. Q: At the bottom of lakes and ponds, bacteria in what zone break down dead organisms that sink there? A:
A:
output: aphotic zone

Answer the following question given this paragraph: automobile axle drives a wheel, which has a much larger diameter than the axle. The MA is less than 1. (c) An ordinary pulley is used to lift a heavy load. The pulley changes the direction of the force T exerted by the cord without changing its magnitude. Hence, this machine has an MA of 1. Q: A pulley changes the direction of the force t exerted by the cord without changing its what? A:

OPTIONS:
- longitude
- latitude
- position
- magnitude

Answer: magnitude

Problem: OPTIONS:
- reactive
- transitive
- reflexive
- deductive
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: lecture. One observation to explain this occurrence might be, "When I eat breakfast before class, I am better able to pay attention. " The student could then design an experiment with a control to test this hypothesis. In hypothesis-based science, specific results are predicted from a general premise. This type of reasoning is called deductive reasoning: deduction proceeds from the general to the particular. But the reverse of the process is also possible: sometimes, scientists reach a general conclusion from a number of specific observations. This type of reasoning is called inductive reasoning, and it proceeds from the particular to the general. Inductive and deductive reasoning are often used in tandem to advance scientific knowledge (Figure 1.7). Q: In hypothesis-based science, specific results are predicted from a general premise, which is called what type of reasoning that proceeds from general to particular? A:
Answer: deductive

Problem:OPTIONS:
- spontaneous mutation
- variation
- generation
- evolution

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Evolution is a change in the characteristics of living things over time. Evolution occurs by a process called natural selection. In natural selection, some living things produce more offspring than others, so they pass more genes to the next generation than others do. Over many generations, this can lead to major changes in the characteristics of living things. Evolution explains how living things are changing today and how modern living things have descended from ancient life forms that no longer exist on Earth. Q: The change in the characteristics of living things over time is known as _________ A:
****
A: evolution

Problem:OPTIONS:
- feature
- characteristic
- species
- adaptation

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The saguaro cactus pictured in Figure below has adapted in all three ways. When it was still a very small plant, just a few inches high, its shallow roots already reached out as much as 2 meters (7 feet) from the base of the stem. By now, its root system is much more widespread. It allows the cactus to gather as much moisture as possible from rare rainfalls. The saguaro doesn't have any leaves to lose water by transpiration. It also has a large, barrel-shaped stem that can store a lot of water. Thorns protect the stem from thirsty animals that might try to get at the water inside. Q: In desert cactus, thorns that protect the water held in a large, barrel-shaped stem are an example of what? A:
****
A:
adaptation