Relying on an animal to come by is risky. A flower may have to wait a long time for the right animals to come by. What if one never passes close enough to the flower? Hoping the wind will blow is also risky for a plant. What if the wind does not blow? What if the blowing pollen does not land on another flower? The wind could even blow the pollen over the ocean where it is wasted. Giving free nectar is costly. It is not a good use of the plants energy. A plant uses a lot of energy to produce nectar. Some animals may just drink the nectar. They may not carry off any pollen in return. To improve their chances, plants evolved special traits. For example, they developed ways to hide their nectar. Only certain animals were able to get at the plants hidden nectar. These specific animals might be more likely to visit only flowers of the same species. This was also a benefit for some animals. Animals also evolved special traits to get to the nectar.

What problems could arise if a plant waits for the wind to help it?

Zinni feared that Bin Laden would in the future locate himself in cities, where U.S. missiles could kill thousands of Afghans. He worried also lest Pakistani authorities not get adequate warning, think the missiles came from India, RESPONSES TO AL QAEDA'S INITIAL ASSAULTS 135 and do something that everyone would later regret. Discussing potential repercussions in the region of his military responsibility, Zinni said, "It was easy to take the shot from Washington and walk away from it. We had to live there." Zinni's distinct preference would have been to build up counterterrorism capabilities in neighboring countries such as Uzbekistan. But he told us that he could not drum up much interest in or money for such a purpose from Washington, partly, he thought, because these countries had dictatorial governments. After the decision-in which fear of collateral damage was an important factor- not to use cruise missiles against Kandahar in December 1998, Shelton and officers in the Pentagon developed plans for using an AC-130 gunship instead of cruise missile strikes. Designed specifically for the special forces, the version of the AC-130 known as "Spooky"can fly in fast or from high altitude, undetected by radar; guided to its zone by extraordinarily complex electronics, it is capable of rapidly firing precision-guided 25, 40, and 105 mm projectiles. Because this system could target more precisely than a salvo of cruise missiles, it had a much lower risk of causing collateral damage. After giving Clarke a briefing and being encouraged to proceed, Shelton formally directed Zinni and General Peter Schoomaker, who headed the Special Operations Command, to develop plans for an AC-130 mission against Bin Laden's headquarters and infrastructure in Afghanistan. The Joint Staff prepared a decision paper for deployment of the Special Operations aircraft. Though Berger and Clarke continued to indicate interest in this option, the AC-130s were never deployed. Clarke wrote at the time that Zinni opposed their use, and John Maher, the Joint Staff 's deputy director of operations, agreed that this was Zinni's position. Zinni himself does not recall blocking the option. He told us that he understood the Special Operations Command had never thought the intelligence good enough to justify actually moving AC-130s into position. Schoomaker says, on the contrary, that he thought the AC-130 option feasible. The most likely explanation for the two generals' differing recollections is that both of them thought serious preparation for any such operations would require a long-term redeployment of Special Operations forces to the Middle East or South Asia. The AC-130s would need bases because the aircraft's unrefueled range was only a little over 2,000 miles.

Who with the help of officers decided to use a plane called "spooky" against Kandahar.

The film focuses on various guests staying at New York City's famed Waldorf-Astoria Hotel . Among them are lonely screen star Irene Malvern , in town with her maid Anna for a childhood friend's wedding and the premiere of her latest movie ; war correspondent Chip Collyer , mistaken for a jewel thief by Irene but playing along to catch her attention ; flyer Capt. James Hollis , wounded in World War II and facing perilous surgery in three days ; wealthy shyster Martin X. Edley , who is trying to sign the Bey of Aribajan to a shady oil deal ; Oliver Webson , a cub reporter for Collier's Weekly hoping to expose Edley ; and bride-to-be Cynthia Drew , whose upcoming wedding is endangered by her belief her fianc Bob is in love with Irene Malvern . Also on the scene are Bunny Smith , the hotel's stenographer/notary public , who hopes to escape her low income roots by marrying Edley , and reporter Randy Morton , who loiters in the lobby hoping to stumble upon a scoop for his newspaper . In the opening scene , Randy Morton describes a typical Friday afternoon at the Waldorf . A newlywed couple discover there are no rooms available , and are given use of an apartment by a Mr. Jesup , who is going away for the weekend . Edley finds Jesup in the lobby and tries to involve him in a deal with the Bey of Aribajan , a wealthy oil shiek . Jesup refuses , but Edley knows that Jesup will be gone all weekend and has until Monday morning to get the Bey to sign a contract based on Jesup's presumed involvement .
Does the newlywed couple have a room at the Waldorf Astoria hotel?