In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: When you still are a year or more away from taking the exam, your goal should be to familiarize yourself with the Pathoma text and website. Get to know its structure by browsing through the materials. Note any and all questions that you have. This is also the stage where you should begin to take general notes over the text's content. This is when you need to transition your studying to fit your test-taking goals. Set aside 30 minutes each day for quizzing yourself over your Pathoma notecards or question sets. Keep track of your weak areas and target those in subsequent days. For example, if a certain Pathoma chapter is your weakest subject area, then spend extra time getting it down. Not all of this study time should be spent on Pathoma, but some of it should. Use Pathoma as a reference as you answer world bank questions. Add new notecards to cover more complex concepts. Watch a Pathoma video segment to break up your on-paper preparation. The website www.uworld.com provides a comprehensive collection of questions for students planning to take the Step 1 exam. These questions are generally referred to as "world bank" questions.
Summary: Start with Pathoma 1-2 hours each day 2 years out from Step 1. Quiz yourself each day if you are less than a year out from Step 1. Study 6-8 hours per day when you are 6-12 weeks out from the test.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: Lying in a variety of poses will help loosen phlegm and allow you to cough up mucous. First, lie on your back and prop pillows under you to elevate your hips. Then, lay on your right side with 2 pillows under your right hip. Rotate, and lay on your left side with 2 pillows under your left hip. Finally, lay on your stomach with 2 pillows under your hips. Stay in each position for 510 minutes. The medical term "postural drainage" simply means adjusting the position of your body so that phlegm can drain from your lungs. While reclining in each position for postural drainage, breathe by expanding your stomach. Rather than focusing on breathing high in your chest (which may cause a coughing fit), focus on breathing low in your stomach. This will help the phlegm drain from your lungs. Press out your stomach as far as it will go, and then imagine that you're trying to fill that entire space with air when you inhale. The medical term for this type of breathing is "belly breathing" or "diaphragmatic breathing." If the postural draining doesn't loosen up your phlegm, you may need to physically loosen up the congestion. Cup one of your hands and tap your chest and back with about as much force as you'd use to crack an egg. Avoid tapping directly on your sternum or on your spine. You may need to ask a friend or family member to help you tap hard-to-reach parts of your chest and back. As you tap your chest and recline for postural drainage, phlegm and mucous will begin to loosen in your lungs. To cough up phlegm, sit down and lean slightly forward in a chair. Fold your arms over your stomach, and lean forward. As you press down on your stomach, cough 2 or 3 times. Pause for a few seconds, and then repeat. As the phlegm comes up from your lungs, spit it out into a tissue, trash can, or other nearby receptacle. Practice controlled coughing to avoid coughing fits, which often cause your trachea and other airways to constrict.
Summary:
Recline in different positions for postural drainage. Breathe deeply from your stomach while draining your lungs. Tap on your chest and back to loosen up phlegm. Practice controlled coughing.