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SECTION 1. CLASS SIZE DEMONSTRATION GRANTS.

Subpart 3 of part D of title V of the Higher Education Act of 1965
(20 U.S.C. 1109 et seq.) is amended to read as follows:

''Subpart 3--Class Size Demonstration Grants

''SEC. 561. PURPOSE.

''It is the purpose of this subpart to provide grants to State
educational agencies to enable such agencies to determine the benefits,
in various school settings, of reducing class size on the educational
performance of students and on classroom management and organization.

''SEC. 562. PROGRAM AUTHORIZED.

''(a) Program Authorized.--
''(1) In general.--The Secretary shall award grants, on a
competitive basis, to State educational agencies to pay the
Federal share of the costs of conducting demonstration projects
that demonstrate methods of reducing class size that may
provide information meaningful to other State educational
agencies and local educational agencies.
''(2) Federal share.--The Federal share shall be 50
percent.
''(b) Reservation.--The Secretary may reserve not more than 5
percent of the amount appropriated under section 565A for each fiscal
year to carry out the activities described in section 565.
''(c) Selection Criteria.--The Secretary shall make grants to State
educational agencies on the basis of--
''(1) the need and the ability of a State educational
agency to reduce the class size of an elementary school or
secondary school served by such agency;
''(2) the ability of a State educational agency to furnish
the non-Federal share of the costs of the demonstration project
for which assistance is sought;
''(3) the ability of a State educational agency to continue
the project for which assistance is sought after the
termination of Federal financial assistance under this subpart;
and
''(4) the degree to which a State educational agency
demonstrates in the application submitted pursuant to section
564 consultation in program implementation and design with
parents, teachers, school administrators, and local teacher
organizations, where applicable.
''(d) Priority.--In awarding grants under this subpart, the
Secretary shall give priority to demonstration projects that involve
at-risk students in the earliest grades, including educationally or
economically disadvantaged students, students with disabilities, and
limited English proficient students.
''(e) Grants Must Supplement Other Funds.--A State educational
agency shall use the Federal funds received under this subpart to
supplement and not supplant other Federal, State, and local funds
available to the State educational agency to carry out the purpose of
this subpart.

''SEC. 563. PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS.

''(a) Annual Competition.--In each fiscal year, the Secretary shall
announce the factors to be examined in a demonstration project assisted
under this subpart. Such factors may include--
''(1) the magnitude of the reduction in class size to be
achieved;
''(2) the level of education in which the demonstration
projects shall occur;
''(3) the form of the instructional strategy to be
demonstrated; and
''(4) the duration of the project.
''(b) Random Techniques and Appropriate Comparison Groups.--
Demonstration projects assisted under this subpart shall be designed to
utilize randomized techniques or appropriate comparison groups.

''SEC. 564. APPLICATION.

''(a) In General.--In order to receive a grant under this subpart,
a State educational agency shall submit an application to the Secretary
that is responsive to the announcement described in section 563(a), at
such time, in such manner, and containing or accompanied by such
information as the Secretary may reasonably require.
''(b) Duration.--The Secretary shall encourage State educational
agencies to submit applications under this subpart for a period of 5
years.
''(c) Contents.--Each application submitted under subsection (a)
shall include--
''(1) a description of the objectives to be attained with
the grant funds and the manner in which the grant funds will be
used to reduce class size;
''(2) a description of the steps to be taken to achieve
target class sizes, including, where applicable, the
acquisition of additional teaching personnel and classroom
space;
''(3) a statement of the methods for the collection of data
necessary for the evaluation of the impact of class size
reduction programs on student achievement;
''(4) an assurance that the State educational agency will
pay, from non-Federal sources, the non-Federal share of the
costs of the demonstration project for which assistance is
sought; and
''(5) such additional assurances as the Secretary may
reasonably require.
''(d) Sufficient Size and Scope Required.--The Secretary shall
award grants under this subpart only to State educational agencies
submitting applications which described projects of sufficient size and
scope to contribute to carrying out the purpose of this subpart.

''SEC. 565. EVALUATION AND DISSEMINATION.

''(a) National Evaluation.--The Secretary shall conduct a national
evaluation of the demonstration projects assisted under this subpart to
determine the costs incurred in achieving the reduction in class size
and the effects of the reductions on results, such as student
performance in the affected subjects or grades, attendance, discipline,
classroom organization, management, and teacher satisfaction and
retention.
''(b) Cooperation.--Each State educational agency receiving a grant
under this subpart shall cooperate in the national evaluation described
in subsection (a) and shall provide such information to the Secretary
as the Secretary may reasonably require.
''(c) Reports.--The Secretary shall report to Congress on the
results of the evaluation conducted under subsection (a).
''(d) Dissemination.--The Secretary shall widely disseminate
information about the results of the class size demonstration projects
assisted under this subpart.

''SEC. 565A. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

''There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subpart
$15,000,000 for fiscal year 1999 and each of the 4 succeeding fiscal
years.''.

SEC. 2. PRIVATE SECTOR FUNDING FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BY NASA
RELATING TO AIRCRAFT PERFORMANCE.

The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration may not carry out research and development activities
relating to the performance of aircraft (including supersonic aircraft
and subsonic aircraft) unless the Administrator receives payment in
full for such activities from the private sector.
Amends the Higher Education Act of 1965 to establish a competitive Class Size Demonstration Grants program.
Directs the Secretary of Education to award such grants to State educational agencies (SEAs) to pay half of the costs of conducting projects that demonstrate methods of reducing class size that may provide information meaningful to other SEAs and local educational agencies (LEAs). Authorizes the Secretary to reserve up to five percent of funds for this Act for each fiscal year to carry out national evaluation and dissemination activities.
Sets forth program requirements for: (1) grant selection criteria; (2) priority for projects that involve at-risk students in the earliest grades, including educationally or economically disadvantaged students, students with disabilities, and limited English proficient students; (3) annual competitions; (4) random techniques and appropriate comparison groups; (5) applications; and (6) sufficient size and scope of projects.
Directs the Secretary to: (1) conduct, and report to the Congress on, a national evaluation of such projects to determine the costs incurred in achieving the reduction in class size and the effects of the reductions on results; and (2) widely disseminate information about the results of such projects.
Authorizes appropriations.
(Sec. 2) Prohibits the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration from carrying out research and development activities relating to the performance of aircraft (including supersonic aircraft and subsonic aircraft) unless the Administrator receives payment in full for such activities from the private sector.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Startup Opportunity Accelerator Act
of 2014'' or the ''SOAR Act''.

SEC. 2. FUNDING FOR ORGANIZATIONS THAT SUPPORT STARTUP BUSINESSES.

The Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 631 et seq.) is amended--
(1) by redesignating section 47 (15 U.S.C. 631 note) as
section 48; and
(2) by inserting after section 46 the following:

''SEC. 47. FUNDING FOR ORGANIZATIONS THAT SUPPORT STARTUP BUSINESSES.

''(a) Definitions.--In this section--
''(1) the term 'eligible entity' means an organization--
''(A) that is located in the United States; and
''(B) the primary purpose of which is to support
new small business concerns;
''(2) the term 'new small business concern' means a small
business concern that has been in operation for not more than 5
years; and
''(3) the term 'State' means any State of the United
States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto
Rico, and any territory or possession of the United States.
''(b) Funding.--
''(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
enactment of this section, the Administrator shall develop and
begin implementing a program to award cash prizes of not more
than $50,000 to eligible entities to support new small business
concerns.
''(2) Use of funds.--A prize under this section--
''(A) may be used for construction costs, space
acquisition, and programmatic purposes; and
''(B) may not be used to provide capital or
professional services to new small business concerns
directly or through the subaward of funds.
''(c) Requirement for Applicants.--An eligible entity desiring a
prize under this section shall demonstrate that the eligible entity
will use the prize to provide assistance to not less than 10 new small
business concerns per year.
''(d) Criteria.--The Administrator shall establish criteria for
prizes under this section that shall give priority to eligible entities
that are providing or plan to provide to new small business concerns--
''(1) office, manufacturing, or warehouse space, including
appropriate operations infrastructure;
''(2) access to capital (either directly from the eligible
entity (using amounts other than the amounts provided under the
prize) or through guidance and contacts for acquiring capital
from outside investors);
''(3) access to professional services (either directly from
the eligible entity (using amounts other than the amounts
provided under the prize) or through guidance and contacts for
acquiring professional services), including accounting and
legal services; or
''(4) a formal structured mentorship or developmental
program that assists new small business concerns with building
business skills and competencies.
''(e) Considerations in Choosing Recipients.--In determining
whether to award a prize under this section to an eligible entity, the
Administrator shall take into account--
''(1) for eligible entities that have in operation a
program to support new small business concerns, the record of
the eligible entity in assisting new small business concerns,
including, for each of the 3 full years before the date on
which the eligible entity applies for a prize under this
section--
''(A) the retention rate of new small business
concerns in the program of the eligible entity;
''(B) the average period of participation by new
small business concerns in the program of the eligible
entity;
''(C) the total, average, and median capital raised
by new small business concerns participating in the
program of the eligible entity; and
''(D) the total, average, and median number of
employees of new small business concerns participating
in the program of the eligible entity;
''(2) for all eligible entities--
''(A) the number of new small business concerns
assisted or anticipated to be assisted by the eligible
entity;
''(B) the number of new small business concerns
applying or anticipated to apply for assistance from
the eligible entity;
''(C) whether the program of the eligible entity
provides or would provide assistance to individuals in
gender, racial, or ethnic groups underrepresented by
existing programs to assist new small business
concerns; and
''(D) other metrics determined appropriate by the
Administrator;
''(3) the need in the geographic area to be served by the
program to be carried out using the prize for additional
assistance for new small business concerns, if the area has
sufficient population density, as determined by the
Administrator;
''(4) the level of experience of the entrepreneurial
leadership of the eligible entity; and
''(5) the ability of the eligible entity to use and
leverage local strengths, including human resources,
infrastructure, and educational institutions.
''(f) Matching Nonpublic Funding Requirement.--
''(1) In general.--An eligible entity receiving a prize
under this section shall obtain funds from a private individual
or entity (including a for profit or nonprofit entity) that
are--
''(A) for the same purposes as a prize may be made
under this section;
''(B) used to carry out the program of the eligible
entity carried out using the prize under this section;
and
''(C) in an amount that is not to be less than 50
percent of the amount of the prize under this section.
''(2) Form of non-federal share.--Not more than 25 percent
of the funds obtained under paragraph (1) may be in the form of
in-kind contributions.
''(g) Consequences of Failure To Abide by Terms and Conditions of
Prize or Requirements of This Section.--The Administrator shall notify
each eligible entity receiving a prize under this section that failure
to abide by the terms and conditions of the prize or the requirements
of this section may, in the discretion of the Administrator and in
addition to any other civil or criminal consequences, result in the
Administrator ordering the eligible entity to return the prize funds.
''(h) Annual Progress Reporting by Recipients of Prize.--Each
eligible entity receiving a prize under this section shall submit to
the Administrator an annual report on the progress of the program
carried out using the amounts received under the prize, including--
''(1) the number of new small business concerns
participating in the program during each of the previous 3
years;
''(2) the number of new small business concerns applying to
participate in the program during each of the previous 3 years;
''(3) the retention rate of new small business concerns in
the program;
''(4) the average period of participation in the program by
new small business concerns;
''(5) the total, average, and median capital raised by new
small business concerns participating in the program;
''(6) the total, average, and median number of employees of
new small business concerns participating in the program; and
''(7) other metrics determined appropriate by the
Administrator.
''(i) Report to Congress.--The Administrator shall submit to
Congress an annual report on the program under this section, which
shall include an assessment of the effectiveness of the program,
including an assessment based on the metrics listed in subsection (h).
''(j) Coordination With Other Small Business Administration
Programs.--The Administrator shall take appropriate action to encourage
eligible entities receiving a prize under this section to use and
incorporate other programs of the Administration, such as small
business development centers, small business investment companies,
loans under section 7(a), and assistance under title V of the Small
Business Investment Act of 1958 (15 U.S.C. 695 et seq.).
''(k) Listing on Website.--The Administrator shall include a list
of eligible entities receiving a prize under this section on the
website of the Administration.
''(l) Authorization of Appropriation.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of the first
5 fiscal years beginning after the date of the enactment of this
section.''.
Startup Opportunity Accelerator Act of 2014 or the SOAR Act - Amends the Small Business Act to require the Administrator of the Small Business Administration (SBA) to develop a program to award cash prizes of up to $50,000 to organizations in the United States whose primary purpose is to support new small businesses that have been in operation for five years or less. Authorizes the use of a prize for construction costs, space acquisition, and programmatic purposes. Prohibits its use for capital or professional services to new small businesses. Requires a prize recipient to provide assistance to at least 10 new small businesses per year.

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Health Care Worker Needlestick
Prevention Act''.

SEC. 2. REQUIREMENTS.

(a) Bloodborne Pathogens Standard.--
(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the
Secretary of Labor, acting through the Occupational Safety and
Health Administration, shall amend the bloodborne pathogens
standard to require that--
(A) employers utilize needleless systems and sharps
with engineered sharps injury protections in their work
sites to prevent the spread of bloodborne pathogens;
and
(B) to assist employers in meeting the requirement
of subparagraph (A), non-managerial direct care health
care workers of employers participate in the
identification and evaluation of needleless systems and
sharps with engineered sharps injury protections.
(2) Exception.--The bloodborne pathogens standard
requirements of paragraph (1) shall apply to any employer,
except where the employer demonstrates, to the Secretary's
satisfaction, that--
(A) there are circumstances in the employer's work
facility in which the needleless systems and sharps
with engineered sharps injury protections do not
promote employee safety, interfere with patient safety,
or interfere with the success of a medical procedure;
or
(B) the needleless systems and sharps with
engineered sharps injury protections required are not
commercially available to the employer.
(b) Standard Content.--For carrying out the requirement of
subsection (a)(1) for needleless systems and sharps with engineered
sharps injury protections, the amendment required by subsection (a)
shall include the following:
(1) Exposure control plan.--The employer shall include in
their exposure control plan an effective procedure for
identifying and selecting existing needleless systems and
sharps with engineered sharps injury protections and other
methods of preventing bloodborne pathogens exposure.
(2) Sharps injury log.--In addition to the recording of all
injuries from contaminated sharps on the OSHA Occupational
Injuries and Illnesses 200 log or its equivalent, the employer
shall maintain a separate contaminated sharps injury log
containing the following information (to the extent such
information is known to the employer) with regard to each
exposure incident:
(A) Date and time of the exposure incident.
(B) Type and brand of sharp involved in the
exposure incident.
(C) Description of the exposure incident which
shall include--
(i) job classification of the exposed
employee;
(ii) department or work area where the
exposure incident occurred;
(iii) the procedure that the exposed
employee was performing at the time of the
incident;
(iv) how the incident occurred;
(v) the body part involved in the exposure
incident;
(vi) if the sharp had engineered sharps
injury protections--
(I) whether the protective
mechanism was activated, and whether
the injury occurred before the
protective mechanism was activated,
during activation of the mechanism, or
after activation of the mechanism, if
applicable; and
(II) whether the employee received
training on how to use the device
before use, and a brief description of
the training;
(vii) if the sharp had no engineered sharps
injury protections, the injured employee's
opinion as to whether and how such a mechanism
could have prevented the injury, as well as the
basis for the opinion; and
(viii) the employee's opinion about whether
any other engineering, administrative, or work
practice control could have prevented the
injury as well as the basis for the opinion.
(3) Training.--A requirement that all direct care health
care workers shall be provided adequate training on the use of
all needleless systems and sharps with engineered sharps injury
protections which they may be required to use.

SEC. 3. NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON SAFER NEEDLE TECHNOLOGY.

(a) In General.--The Director of the National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health shall establish and maintain a national
database on existing needleless systems and sharps with engineered
sharps injury protections.
(b) Evaluation Criteria.--The Director shall develop a set of
evaluation criteria for use by employers, employees, and other persons
when they are evaluating and selecting needleless systems and sharps
with engineered sharps injury protections.
(c) Training.--The Director shall develop a model training
curriculum to train employers, employees, and other persons on the
process of evaluating needleless systems and sharps with engineered
sharps injury protections and shall (to the extent feasible) provide
technical assistance to persons who request such assistance.
(d) Monitoring.--The Director shall establish a national system to
collect comprehensive data on needlestick injuries to healthcare
workers, including data on mechanisms to analyze and evaluate
prevention interventions in relation to needlestick injury occurrence.
In carrying out its duties under this subsection, the National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health shall have access to
information recorded by employers on the sharps injury log as required
by section 2(b)(2).
(e) Authorization.--There is authorized to be appropriated
$15,000,000 to the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health
to carry out the requirements of this section.

SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS.

For purposes of this Act:
(1) Bloodborne pathogens.--The term ''bloodborne
pathogens'' means pathogenic microorganisms that are present in
human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens
include hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human
immunodeficiency virus.
(2) Contaminated.--The term ''contaminated'' means the
presence or the reasonably anticipated presence of blood or
other potentially infectious materials on an item or surface.
(3) Direct care health care worker.--The term ''direct care
health care worker'' means an employee responsible for direct
patient care with potential occupational exposure to sharps
related injuries.
(4) Employer.--The term ''employer'' means each employer
having an employee with occupational exposure to human blood or
other material potentially containing bloodborne pathogens.
(5) Engineered sharps injury protections.--The term
''engineered sharps injury protections'' means--
(A) a physical attribute built into a needle device
used for withdrawing body fluids, accessing a vein or
artery, or administering medications or other fluids,
that effectively reduces the risk of an exposure
incident by a mechanism such as barrier creation,
blunting, encapsulation, withdrawal, retraction,
destruction, or other effective mechanisms; or
(B) a physical attribute built into any other type
of needle device, or into a nonneedle sharp, which
effectively reduces the risk of an exposure incident.
(6) Needleless system.--The term ''needleless system''
means a device that does not use needles for--
(A) the withdrawal of body fluids after initial
venous or arterial access is established;
(B) the administration of medication or fluids; and
(C) any other procedure involving the potential for
an exposure incident.
(7) Sharp.--The term ''sharp'' means any object used or
encountered in a health care setting that can be reasonably
anticipated to penetrate the skin or any other part of the
body, and to result in an exposure incident, including, but not
limited to, needle devices, scalpels, lancets, broken glass,
broken capillary tubes, exposed ends of dental wires and dental
knives, drills, and burs.
(8) Sharps injury.--The term ''sharps injury'' means any
injury caused by a sharp, including cuts, abrasions, or
needlesticks.
(9) Sharps injury log.--The term ''sharps injury log''
means a written or electronic record satisfying the
requirements of section 2(b)(2).

SEC. 5. APPLICATION TO MEDICARE HOSPITALS.

The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall provide by
regulation that, as a condition of participation under the medicare
program under title XVIII of the Social Security Act of a hospital that
is not otherwise subject to the bloodborne pathogens standard amended
under section 2(a) because it is exempt from regulation by the
Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the hospital shall
comply with the bloodborne pathogen standard amended under section 2(a)
with respect to any employees of the hospital, effective at the same
time as such amended standard would have applied to the hospital if it
had not been so exempt.

SEC. 6. EFFECTIVE DATE.

This Act shall become effective upon the date of its enactment,
except that the Secretary of Labor shall take the action required by
section 2 within one year of such date.
Health Care Worker Needlestick Prevention Act - Directs the Secretary of Labor, acting through the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), to amend the bloodborne pathogens standard to require that: (1) employers utilize needleless systems and sharps with engineered sharps injury protections in their work sites to prevent the spread of bloodborne pathogens; and (2) non-managerial direct care health care workers of employers participate in the identification and evaluation of such systems and sharps. Provides an exemption where an employer demonstrates that needleless systems and sharps: (1) do not promote employee safety, interfere with patient safety, or interfere with the success of a medical procedure under certain circumstances in the employer's work facility; or (2) are not commercially available to the employer.
(Sec. 2) Includes under such revised standard requirements relating to: (1) exposure control plans; (2) sharps injury logs; and (3) worker training in the use of such systems and sharps.
(Sec. 3) Requires the Director of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) to establish and maintain a national database on existing needleless systems and sharps with engineered sharps injury protections. Requires the Director to: (1) develop a set of evaluation criteria for use by employers, employees, and other persons in evaluating and selecting such systems and sharps; (2) develop a model training curriculum to train employers, employees, and other persons in such evaluation process, and provide requested technical assistance to the extent feasible; and (3) establish a national system to collect comprehensive data on needlestick injuries to health care workers, including data on mechanisms to analyze and evaluate prevention. Authorizes NIOSH access to information recorded by employers in sharps injury logs. Authorizes appropriations.
(Sec. 5) Directs the Secretary of Health and Human Services to require hospitals, as a condition of their Medicare program participation, to comply with the bloodborne pathogen standard as amended under this Act with respect to hospital employees, even if they are not otherwise subject to such standard because they are exempt from OSHA regulation.