input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: temperature. In fact, the magnitudes of the changes in both enthalpy and entropy for dissolution are temperature dependent. Because the solubility of a compound is ultimately determined by relatively small differences between large numbers, there is generally no good way to predict how the solubility will vary with temperature. The variation of solubility with temperature has been measured for a wide range of compounds, and the results are published in many standard reference books. Chemists are often able to use this information to separate the components of a mixture byfractional crystallization, the separation of compounds on the basis of their solubilities in a given solvent. For example, if we have a mixture of 150 g of sodium acetate (CH3CO2Na) and 50 g of KBr, we can separate the two compounds by dissolving the mixture in 100 g of water at 80C and then cooling the solution slowly to 0C. According to the temperature curves in Figure 13.9 "Solubilities of Several Inorganic and Organic Solids in Water as a Function of Temperature", both compounds dissolve in water at 80C, and all 50 g of KBr remains in solution at 0C. Only about 36 g of CH3CO2Na are soluble in 100 g of water at 0C, however, so approximately 114 g (150 g 36 g) of CH3CO2Na crystallizes out on cooling. The crystals can then be separated by filtration. Thus fractional crystallization allows us to recover about 75% of the original CH3CO2Na in essentially pure form in only one step. Fractional crystallization is a common technique for purifying compounds as diverse as those shown in Figure 13.9 "Solubilities of Several Inorganic and Organic Solids in Water as a Function of Temperature" and from antibiotics to enzymes. For the technique to work properly, the compound of interest must be more soluble at high temperature than at low temperature, so that lowering the temperature causes it to crystallize out of solution. In addition, the impurities must be more soluble than the compound of interest (as was KBr in this example) and preferably... Q: What is the separation of compounds on the basis of their solubilities in a given solvent? A:
OPTIONS:
- solvent law
- fractional mass
- volatile crystallization
- fractional crystallization
output: fractional crystallization

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Evolution occurs as organisms acquire and pass on new traits from one generation to the next generation. Its occurrence over large stretches of time explains the origin of new species and the great diversity of the biological world. Extant species are related to each other through common descent, and products of evolution over billions of years. Analysis of the DNA of different organisms indicates there is a similarity among very different organisms in the genetic code that help make proteins and other molecules. This genetic code is used by all known forms of life on Earth. The theory of evolution suggests that the genetic code was established very early in the history of life, and some studies suggest it was established soon after the formation of Earth. The timeline of the evolution of life, shown in Figure below , outlines the major events in the development of life. Q: What occurs when organisms acquire and pass on new traits from one generation to the next generation? A:

OPTIONS:
- variation
- birth
- phenomenon
- evolution

A: evolution

input: OPTIONS:
- gestational diabetes
- juvenile diabetes
- type 1
- type 2 Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Type 2 diabetes is much more common than type 1 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes occurs when body cells no longer respond normally to insulin. The pancreas still makes insulin, but the cells of the body can't use it. Being overweight and having high blood pressure increase the chances of developing type 2 diabetes. This type of diabetes usually develops in adulthood. However, it is becoming more common in teens and children because more young people are overweight now than ever before. Q: Which type of diabetes is more common? A:
A:
output: type 2

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Examples of objects that have projectile motion include arrows and cannon balls. Q: Arrows and cannon balls are examples of objects with what kind of motion? A:

OPTIONS:
- velocity
- fluid
- accelerating
- projectile

Answer: projectile

Problem: OPTIONS:
- parasites
- neutrophils
- antibodies
- lymphocytes
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Lymphatic vessels make up a body-wide circulatory system. The fluid they circulate is lymph. Lymph is a fluid that leaks out of capillaries into spaces between cells. As the lymph accumulates between cells, it diffuses into tiny lymphatic vessels. The lymph then moves through the lymphatic system from smaller to larger vessels. It finally drains back into the bloodstream in the chest. As lymph passes through the lymphatic vessels, pathogens are filtered out at small structures called lymph nodes (see Figure above ). The filtered pathogens are destroyed by lymphocytes. Q: What destroys the filtered pathogens? A:
Answer: lymphocytes

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Collision theory states that chemical reactions occur when atoms, ions, or molecules collide. In other words, these species need to make contact with one another in order for a reaction to take place. Based on this concept, along with a couple of other key points, collision theory helps to explain why certain factors will influence the rate of a chemical reaction. Q: What states that chemical reactions occur when atoms, ions, or molecules collide? A:

OPTIONS:
- disturbance theory
- reaction theory
- elemental theory
- collision theory

Answer:
collision theory