input: CHAPTER XXIII.

News of Importance

"Don't be alarmed; he is not going to shoot," cried Paul.

"Don't ye make too shure o' thet," ejaculated the cowboy. "Wot's he puttin' his hand into his pocket fer?"

"He has something there I fancy he wishes to conceal," went on Paul. "Empty the pocket, please."

"Let me go! This is highway robbery!" stormed Captain Grady.

He struggled fiercely to regain his feet. But Blowfen was the stronger of the pair and he easily held the rascal down with one hand, while with the other he brought several letters from his inside pocket.

Paul eagerly snatched the letters, in spite of the captain's protest. He glanced at them, with Chet looking over his shoulder.

"Well, what do you make out?" asked Caleb Dottery. He didn't quite like the way matters were turning.

"I think we will be safe in making Captain Grady a prisoner," replied Paul slowly.

"Yes, make him a prisoner by all means," put in Chet. "He is a villain if ever there was one. If we can't prove it I think my Uncle Barnaby can."

At the reference to Barnaby Winthrop Captain Grady grew pale. It was evident that his sins were at last finding him out.

It did not take Jack Blowfen long to act upon Paul's suggestion. He disarmed the captain and made him march into the house, where he bound the fellow in very much the same manner as Dottery had bound Jeff Jones.

While he was doing so Paul showed the letters taken from the prisoner to Caleb Dottery. Chet, while a second reading was going on, commenced to ransack the house. 1. was someone confined?
2. who?
3. who confined him?
4. was the captor weak?
5. how do you know? Return numbered answers in your output.

output: 1. Yes
2. Captain Grady.
3. Blowfen
4. No
5. He easily held Captain Grady down.

input: No one likes to make mistakes. But a new study says organizations learn more from their failures than from their successes, and keep that knowledge longer.

One of the researchers was Vinit Desai, an assistant professor at the University of Colorado Denver Business School. He worked with Peter Madsen from the Marriott School of Management at Brigham Young University in Utah.

They did not find much long-term "organizational learning" from success. It is possible, they say. But Professor Desai says they found that knowledge gained from failure lasts for years. He says organizations should treat failures as a learning opportunity and not try to ignore them.

The study looked at companies and organizations that launch satellites--and other space vehicles. Professor Desai compared two shuttle flights.

In two thousand two, a piece of insulating material broke off during launch and damaged a rocket on the Atlantis. Still, the flight was considered a success.

Then, in early two thousand three, a piece of insulation struck the Columbia during launch. This time, the shuttle broke apart on re-entry and the seven crew members died. NASA officials suspended all flights and an investigation led to suggested changes.

Professor Desai says the search for solutions after a failure can make leaders more open-minded. He points to airlines as an example of an industry that has learned from failures in the past.

He advises organizations to look for useful information in small failures and failures they avoided. He also urges leaders to encourage the open sharing of information. The study appeared in the Academy of Management Journal.

The mistakes we learn from do not have to be our own. We recently asked people on our Facebook page to tell us a time they had done something really silly.

Fabricio Cmino wrote: Not long ago I wanted to watch TV, but it wouldn't turn on, so I did everything I could to start it. Thirty minutes later my mum showed up and, passing by, said to me "Did you try plugging it'? I'm just dusting, Mum!"So she wouldn't notice how dumb I am sometimes!

Bruno Kanieski da Silva told about a time he looked everywhere for his key. It was in hispocket. He wrote: I always promise I will never do it again, but after-a few weeks,where is mywallet? For sure it will be in a very logical place. 1. What do organizations learn more from than successes?
2. Do they learn more from failures or successes?
3. What do they keep longer as a result?
4. Who was Vinit Desai's research partner?
5. What type of learning did they not find much of?
6. How long does knowledge from failure last?
7. What does Professor Desai say that organizations should treat failures as?
8. What kind of vehicles did the companies the study looked at launch?
9. What year was the Atlantis damaged?
10. How many crew members on the Columbia died?
11. What industry does Professor Desai use as an example of learning from failure?
12. What does he urge leaders to encourage?
13. Where was this study published? Return numbered answers in your output.

output: 1. not much
2. failure
3. knowledge
4. Peter Madsen
5. organizational learning
6. years
7. learning opportunities
8. space vehicles
9. 2002
10. seven
11. the airline industry
12. open sharing of information
13. the Academy of Management Journal.

input: Digital television (DTV) is the transmission of television signals, including the sound channel, using digital encoding, in contrast to the earlier television technology, analog television, in which the video and audio are carried by analog signals. It is an innovative service that represents the first significant evolution in television technology since color television in the 1950s. Digital TV can transmit multiple channels in the same bandwidth occupied by a single channel of analog television. A switchover from analog to digital broadcasting began around 2006 in some countries, and many industrial countries have now completed the changeover, while other countries are in various stages of adaptation. Different digital television broadcasting standards have been adopted in different parts of the world; below are the more widely used standards:

Digital TV's roots have been tied very closely to the availability of inexpensive, high performance computers. It wasn't until the 1990s that digital TV became a real possibility.

In the mid-1980s, as Japanese consumer electronics firms forged ahead with the development of HDTV technology, and as the MUSE analog format was proposed by NHK, a Japanese company, Japanese advancements were seen as pacesetters that threatened to eclipse U.S. electronics companies. Until June 1990, the Japanese MUSE standardbased on an analog systemwas the front-runner among the more than 23 different technical concepts under consideration. Then, an American company, General Instrument, demonstrated the feasibility of a digital television signal. This breakthrough was of such significance that the FCC was persuaded to delay its decision on an ATV standard until a digitally based standard could be developed. 1. What tecjnology does DVT historically come from?
2. What does DVT mean?
3. Which nation was seen as the leaders in HDTV technology?
4. What was the older way to transmit sound and pciture?
5. What was suggested by the NHK company?
6. What previous change to TV had happened earlier in the century?
7. Which country's companies was japan's tech seen as beating?
8. When did color become available?
9. NUSE was ahead of hoiw many other versions?
10. Who showed digital was feasible?
11. where from?
12. Which agency delayed something?
13. When did the switchover start?
14. accross the whole world?
15. is switchover complete?
16. Was the FCC making a BTV syandard?
17. true or false, all countries are using the same standard Return numbered answers in your output.

output:
1. Digital encoding,
2. Digital television
3. Japan
4. Analog
5. MUSE analog format.
6. Color television
7. U.S. electronics companies.
8. 1950s
9. 23
10. General Instrument
11. USA
12. The FCC
13. 2006
14. No.
15. Yes, in many industrial countries.
16. No.
17. False.