Answer the following question given this paragraph: Freshwater biomes have water that contains little or no salt. They include standing and running freshwater biomes. Standing freshwater biomes include ponds and lakes. Lakes are generally bigger and deeper than ponds. Some of the water in lakes is in the aphotic zone, where there is too little sunlight for photosynthesis. Plankton and plants, such as the duckweed in Figure below , are the primary producers in standing freshwater biomes. Q: Ponds and lakes are examples of what kind of biome? Choices: - standing lake biome - standing marine biome - standing liquid biome - standing freshwater biome A:
standing freshwater biome
Answer the following question given this paragraph: All that magma and gas pushing upward can make the volcano's slope begin to swell. Ground swelling may change the shape of a volcano or cause rock falls and landslides. Most of the time, the ground tilting is not visible. Scientists detect it by using tiltmeters, which are instruments that measure the angle of the slope of a volcano. Q: Instruments that measure the angle of the slope of a volcano are called what? Choices: - aberration meters - velocity meters - angle meters - tilt meters A:
tilt meters
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: 3.1 | Synthesis of Biological Macromolecules By the end of this section, you will be able to: Understand the synthesis of macromolecules Explain dehydration (or condensation) and hydrolysis reactions As you've learned, biological macromolecules are large molecules, necessary for life, that are built from smaller organic molecules. There are four major classes of biological macromolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids); each is an important cell component and performs a wide array of functions. Combined, these molecules make up the majority of a cell's dry mass (recall that water makes up the majority of its complete mass). Biological macromolecules are organic, meaning they contain carbon. In addition, they may contain hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and additional minor elements. Q: The four major classes of biological macromolecules include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and what else? Choices: - liquids - fats - structural acids - nucleic acids A:
A: nucleic acids
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The energy of the sun is first captured by producers ( Figure below ), organisms that can make their own food. Many producers make their own food through the process of photosynthesis . The "food" the producers make is the sugar, glucose . Producers make food for the rest of the ecosystem. As energy is not recycled, energy must consistently be captured by producers. This energy is then passed on to the organisms that eat the producers, and then to the organisms that eat those organisms, and so on. Q: What is type of sugar is produced through photosynthesis? Choices: - carbohydrates - insulin - glutamate - glucose A:
Answer: glucose
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Vertebrates have an adaptive immune system. The immune system is the organ system that defends the body from pathogens and other causes of disease. Being adaptive means that the immune system can learn to recognize specific pathogens. Then it can produce tailor-made chemicals called antibodies to attack them. This allows the immune system to launch a rapid attack whenever the pathogens invade the body again. Q: Which organ system defends the body from pathogens and other causes of disease? Choices: - digestion system - nervous system - respiratory system - immune system A:
**Answer**
immune system
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Summary 16.1 Spontaneity Chemical and physical processes have a natural tendency to occur in one direction under certain conditions. A spontaneous process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some external source, while a nonspontaneous process requires such. Systems undergoing a spontaneous process may or may not experience a gain or loss of energy, but they will experience a change in the way matter and/or energy is distributed within the system. 16.2 Entropy Entropy (S) is a state function that can be related to the number of microstates for a system (the number of ways the system can be arranged) and to the ratio of reversible heat to kelvin temperature. It may be interpreted as a measure of the dispersal or distribution of matter and/or energy in a system, and it is often described as representing the "disorder" of the system. For a given substance, Ssolid < Sliquid < Sgas in a given physical state at a given temperature, entropy is typically greater for heavier atoms or more complex molecules. Entropy increases when a system is heated and when solutions form. Using these guidelines, the sign of entropy changes for some chemical reactions may be reliably predicted. 16.3 The Second and Third Laws of Thermodynamics The second law of thermodynamics states that a spontaneous process increases the entropy of the universe, Suniv > 0. If Suniv < 0, the process is nonspontaneous, and if Suniv = 0, the system is at equilibrium. The third law of thermodynamics establishes the zero for entropy as that of a perfect, pure crystalline solid at 0 K. With only one possible microstate, the entropy is zero. We may compute the standard entropy change for a process by using standard entropy values for the reactants and products involved in the process. 16.4 Free Energy Gibbs free energy (G) is a state function defined with regard to system quantities only and may be used to predict the spontaneity of a process. A negative value for G indicates a spontaneous process; a positive G indicates a... Q: What kind of process occurs without the need for a continual input of energy from some external source? Choices: - Decay Process - Different Process - induced process - spontaneous process A:
**Answer**
spontaneous process