Summarize the following:
Pilots usually know in advance if there's going to be turbulence, but sometimes it takes them by surprise. Keeping your seatbelt on even when the seatbelt light is off will help keep you safe and secure in your seat. If the belt is uncomfortable, try loosening it a little--enough to let you shift positions, but not enough to let you stand up or lean into the next seat. Most turbulence injuries happen to people who were moving around in the plane during flight. Try to take care of bathroom visits, staff questions, and chats with friends in different rows before the flight takes off. If you do need to get up during the flight, return to your seat as soon as possible. If there's a long line for the bathroom, wait in your seat instead of standing in line. If you have anything sitting loose on your seat or the floor, it can go flying during turbulence and injure someone. Make sure everything you bring with you is stored in the overhead compartment or the seat pocket. Ask the flight attendant to dispose of food wrappers and dishes as soon as you're done with them. If there's sudden turbulence while you're holding something, grip it as tightly as possible! Hitting the tray table during turbulence can be pretty painful. If you aren't eating or resting a computer on it, keep the tray table closed. If you're in the aisles during severe turbulence, don't worry about finding your way back to your seat. Just sit in the first empty seat you can find and buckle yourself in, even if someone else's stuff is there. As soon as the turbulence stops, you can return to your regular seat. If turbulence hits while you're in the bathroom, grab the side handles and stay put! Staying in a small space like an airplane bathroom is much safer than walking through the main cabin. The flight crew might ask you to remain seated, assist other passengers, or put items away in the event of turbulence. If the flight attendant or pilot instructs you to do something, listen to them--they have your safety in mind!

summary: Keep your seatbelt on. Avoid getting up during the flight. Stow all loose items. Keep your tray table folded when you're not using it. Sit in the closest seat if you're up during turbulence. Obey the flight crew's instructions.

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Measure the width of your bed and how high you want your headboard to go from the top of your bed. These will be your measurements for your piece of plywood. You can choose rectangle, oval, octagonal, or any shape of your choice. Most leather headboards are rectangular. Ask a home improvement store to cut the plywood to your specifications. If you own a jigsaw, you may choose to cut it yourself. You can choose a fabric especially made for upholstery that will be more sturdy. Depending upon the width of your bolt of fabric, you may need to stitch sections of fabric together in order to be able to cover your piece of plywood. Bring your headboard measurements into the fabric store. You will need enough fabric to cover the front of your fabric and to wrap leather around the back of the headboard. Add approximately 1 foot (30.5 cm) to the height and width measurements of your plywood. Lay down a drop cloth to catch dust. Cover the table with a fitted sheet, if you want to protect it.

summary: Measure the shape of your headboard. Decide what shape you would like your faux leather headboard to be. Purchase a piece of plywood with the measurements you just took. Find the faux leather of your choice at a fabric store. Set up a work station on a waist-high table in a well-ventilated room.

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As with homemade toothpaste, tooth powder can be made using a variety of recipes. Often these natural products may sound a bit baffling clay on your teeth? so understanding the reasoning behind the ingredients in a sample tooth powder recipe is important: Bentonite clay: this natural clay can bind to toxins in your body including the mercury that may be found in dental fillings. It is also rich in materials that can nourish teeth and gums. Baking soda: baking soda is a wonderful natural abrasive, and its alkaline qualities neutralize damaging acid. Sage: sage is a natural tooth-whitener and astringent. Xylitol: this natural sweetener is an important pH neutralizer and will help make homemade tooth powder more palatable. Be aware that xylitol is toxic to cats and dogs, so keep it out of your pet's reach. Sea salt: sea salt contains tooth-strengthening minerals and can alleviate gum inflammation. Don't use too much salt as large amounts may lead to swollen gums. Peppermint: peppermint has antibacterial, antiseptic, and pain-relieving properties in addition to its breath-freshening qualities. Use a non-metal spoon as some metals may react with your ingredients. Mix 2 tablespoons bentonite clay, 2 tablespoons baking soda, 1 tablespoon dried, finely ground sage leaf, 1 tablespoon xylitol, and 1/2 teaspoon sea salt. Drip 15 to 20 drops of peppermint essential oil into the mixture and stir thoroughly to combine. Place in a container or jar with a tight-fitting lid, or consider placing in a squirt-top container (the grain of your mixture will be fine enough to "squirt"). Avoid metal containers. Store in a dry location. Dip your toothbrush in the powder, or squirt from your squirt-top bottle onto your damp toothbrush. Use just as you would commercial toothpaste.
summary: Recognize the benefits of tooth powder ingredients. Combine ingredients and mix thoroughly. Apply the dry mixture to your toothbrush.