INPUT ARTICLE: Article: As with other forms of animation, a storyboard provides a guide to the animators and a means to communicate to others how the story is to flow. As with pen-and-ink animation, stop-motion animation relies on creating numerous pictures of images to be displayed in rapid sequence to produce the illusion of motion. Stop-motion animation, however, normally uses three-dimensional objects, although this is not always the case. You can use any of the following for stop-motion animation: Paper cut-outs. You can cut or tear pieces of paper into parts of human and animal figures and lay them against a drawn background to produce a crude two-dimensional animation. Dolls or stuffed toys. Best known with Rankin-Bass' animated productions such as Rudolph, The Red-Nosed Reindeer or Santa Claus Is Coming to Town and Adult Swim's Robot Chicken, this form of stop-motion dates back to Albert Smith and Stuart Blackton's 1897 The Humpty Dumpty Circus. You'll have to create cutouts for the various lip patterns to attach to your stuffed animals if you want to have them move their lips when they speak, however. Clay figures. Will Vinton's Claymation animated California Raisins are the best-known modern examples of this technique, but the technique dates back to 1912's Modelling Extraordinary and was the method that made Art Clokey's Gumby a TV star in the 1950s. You may need to use armatures for some clay figures and pre-sculpted leg bases, as Marc Paul Chinoy did in his 1980 film I go Pogo. Models. Models can be either of real or fantasy creatures or vehicles. Ray Harryhausen used stop-motion animation for the fantastic creatures of such movies as Jason and the Argonauts and The Golden Voyage of Sinbad. Industrial Light & Magic used stop-motion animation of vehicles to make the AT-ATs walk across the icy wastes of Hoth in The Empire Strikes Back. As with pen-and-ink animation, you'll need to have a scratch soundtrack to synchronize the action to. You may need to create an exposure sheet, a bar sheet, or both. As with pen-and-ink animation, you want to work out the timing between the soundtrack and the animation before you start moving objects around. If you plan to have speaking characters, you'll have to work out the correct mouth shapes for the dialog they're to utter. You may also find it necessary to create something similar to the photomatic described in the section about pen-and-ink animation. This part of stop-motion animation would also be similar to how a cinematographer blocks out a live-action movie, even more so than for pen-and-ink animation, since you're most likely working in three dimensions as in a live-action movie. As with live-action film, you'll more likely have to be concerned with actually lighting a scene as opposed to drawing in the effects of light and shadow as you would in pen-and-ink animation. You'll probably want to have your camera mounted on a tripod to keep it steady during the shooting sequence. If you have a timer that lets you take pictures automatically, you may want to use it if you can set it for long enough periods to let you adjust the components during the scene. Repeat this until you have completed photographing the entire scene from start to finish. Animator Phil Tippett developed a way to have some of the moving of models controlled by computer to produce more realistic motions. Called "go motion," this method was used in The Empire Strikes Back, as well as in Dragonslayer, RoboCop, and RoboCop II. As with photographed cels in pen-and-ink animation, the individual shots from stop-motion animation become film frames that produce the illusion of motion when run one after the other.

SUMMARY: Prepare the storyboard. Choose the kind of objects to be animated. Record a preliminary soundtrack. Synchronize the soundtrack and storyboard. Lay out the story scenes. Set up and photograph the components of the scene. Move the items that need to be moved and photograph the scene again. Assemble the photographed images into a sequence.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: This way, you'll see more stars, and you won't get wet from rain, or overly-hot due to humidity. A breeze can mean less pollution near a city, but strong wind can be chilly, so bring extra blankets and sweaters if it seems windy. Summer nights (during June, July, and August) can offer great stargazing conditions. You'll also be more comfortable than you would be in the winter, and can pack a bit lighter. You are most likely to see meteor showers in the summertime. The "Perseids" meteor shower is awe-inspiring, and visible from nearly everywhere in the Northern Hemisphere. It occurs every August. Some constellations that can be seen year-round (meaning they are "circumpolar") are: Cassiopeia, Ursa Major, and Cepheus. Try to avoid major cities and densely populated areas. Stargazing will be difficult in these areas because of the light pollution and noise they produce. For a relaxed stargazing experience, you'll want to find some peace and quiet, likely in a more rural area. If you are able to find a sparsely populated, rural area to stargaze in, chances are good that some wildlife will be around. Deer, bears, coyotes, raccoons, and possums are common camp-crashers. Research what animals are found in your area, and keep a sharp eye out while you are outside at night. Wherever you decide to stargaze, always bring bug spray. You certainly won't be comfortable if you're swatting at mosquitos all night! You can bring a bright floodlight or something to make loud noises with, to deter animals that may come near while you are stargazing.
Summary: Stargaze on a dry, clear night. Stargaze in the summertime. Get out of the city for the most relaxation. Watch out for wildlife.

If you're rushed before school, adding different accessories can be a great way to make your hair look cute quickly. Wearing headbands or head scarfs is a quick way to add some color to your hair and keep it out of your face at the same time. Try wearing headbands with your hair down or in a ponytail. Adding bows to your hair is another way to add some pizzazz. Try tying a bow around a simple high ponytail. Even if you don't have time to style your hair, you can use small clips to pull sections of your hair back away from your face. They look pretty and are easy to put in and take out. You can find clips that are black or brown for a neutral look or get colored or sparkly clips for a more stand-out look.
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One-sentence summary -- Add accessories. Use clips.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Though it may be harder to see on some breeds, all dogs and cats can get jaundiced yellowish skin. Check the gums, whites of the eyes, base of the ears, nostrils, abdomen, and genitals, as the jaundice may be more noticeable in these areas. If you suspect your pet has jaundice, take him to a vet for immediate examination. If you pet has jaundice, he has an underlying illness, such as hepatitis or other liver problems, that will require veterinary treatment or it could become fatal. As with humans, your pet's urine may be darker due to increased bilirubin being excreted. Unlike humans, the pet's stool may also be darker and orange colored. Your pet may urinate more than usual. Pets with jaundice may be excessively thirsty but lack an appetite, and suffer weight loss while having abdominal distension. These are all symptoms that coincide with jaundice to reflect an underlying illness. As with humans, your pet may be lethargic and have difficulty breathing, also due to the underlying illness.

SUMMARY:
Look at your dog or cat's skin. Monitor urine and stool output. Watch your pet's eating habits. Observe your pet's behavior.