Information: - Binomial nomenclature (also called binominal nomenclature or binary nomenclature) is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages. Such a name is called a binomial name (which may be shortened to just "binomial"), a binomen or a scientific name; more informally it is also called a Latin name. The first part of the name identifies the genus to which the species belongs; the second part identifies the species within the genus. For example, humans belong to the genus "Homo" and within this genus to the species "Homo sapiens". The "formal" introduction of this system of naming species is credited to Carl Linnaeus, effectively beginning with his work "Species Plantarum" in 1753. But Gaspard Bauhin, in as early as 1623, had introduced in his book "Pinax theatri botanici" (English, "Illustrated exposition of plants") many names of genera that were later adopted by Linnaeus. - A genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. - Rat snakes (or ratsnakes) are members along with kingsnakes, milk snakes, vine snakes and indigo snakes of the subfamily Colubrinae of the family Colubridae. They are medium to large constrictors and are found throughout much of the Northern Hemisphere. They feed primarily on rodents and birds. With some species exceeding 3m (10ft) in total length, they can occupy top levels of some food chains. Many species make attractive and docile pets and one, the corn snake, is one of the most popular reptile pets in the world. Other species can be very skittish and sometimes aggressive, but bites are rarely serious. Like nearly all colubrids, rat snakes pose no threat to humans. Rat snakes were long thought to be completely nonvenomous, but recent studies have shown that some Old World species do possess small amounts of venom (so small as to be negligible to humans). - In biology, an organism is any contiguous living system, such as an animal, plant, fungus, archaeon, or bacterium. All known types of organisms are capable of some degree of response to stimuli, reproduction, growth and development and homeostasis. An organism consists of one or more cells; when it has one cell it is known as a unicellular organism; and when it has more than one it is known as a multicellular organism. Most unicellular organisms are of microscopic scale and are thus loosely described as microorganisms. Humans are multicellular organisms composed of many trillions of cells grouped into specialized tissues and organs. - Ptyas is a genus of colubrid snakes . This genus is one of several colubrid genera colloquially called '' rat snakes '' or '' ratsnakes '' . Given the information above, choose from the list below the object entity that exhibits the relation 'parent taxon' with the subject 'ptyas'. Choices: - animal - colubrinae - homo
colubrinae

*Question*
Information: - Bukhara , is one of the cities (viloyat) of Uzbekistan. Bukhara is a city-museum, with about 140 architectural monuments. The nation's fifth-largest city, it had a population of approximately 247,644. Humans have inhabited the region around Bukhara for at least five millennia, and the city has existed for half that time. Located on the Silk Road, the city has long served as a center of trade, scholarship, culture, and religion. UNESCO has listed the historic center of Bukhara (which contains numerous mosques and madrassas) as a World Heritage Site. - Lyab - i Hauz ( from Persian : meaning : by the pond ) , or Lyab - i Khauz , is the name of the area surrounding one of the few remaining hauz ( ponds ) that have survived in the city of Bukhara . Until the Soviet period there were many such ponds , which were the city 's principal source of water , but they were notorious for spreading disease and were mostly filled in during the 1920s and 1930s . The Lyab - i Hauz survived because it is the centrepiece of a magnificent architectural ensemble , created during the 16th and 17th centuries , which has not been significantly changed since . The Lyab - i Hauz ensemble , surrounding the pond on three sides , consists of the Kukeldash Madrasah ( 1568 - 1569 ) ( the largest in the city ( on the north side of the pond ) , and of two religious edifices built by Nadir Divan - Beghi : a khanaka ( 1620 ) ( a khanaka is a lodging - house for itinerant Sufis ) and a madrasah ( 1622 ) ( that stand on the west and east sides of the pond respectively . The small Qazi - e Kalyan Nasreddin madrasah ( now demolished ) was formerly located beside the Kukeldash madrasah . - Uzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan, is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia. It is a unitary, constitutional, presidential republic, comprising twelve provinces, one autonomous republic and a capital city. Uzbekistan is bordered by five landlocked countries: Kazakhstan to the north; Tajikistan to the southeast; Kyrgyzstan to the northeast; Afghanistan to the south; and Turkmenistan to the southwest. - A World Heritage Site is a landmark which has been officially recognized by the United Nations, specifically by UNESCO. Sites are selected on the basis of having cultural, historical, scientific or some other form of significance, and they are legally protected by international treaties. UNESCO regards these sites as being important to the collective interests of humanity. - The Silk Road or Silk Route was an ancient network of trade routes that were for centuries central to cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent connecting the East and West from China to the Mediterranean Sea. Given the information above, choose from the list below the object entity that exhibits the relation 'country' with the subject 'lyab-i hauz'. Choices: - china - kyrgyzstan - tajikistan - uzbekistan - world
**Answer**
uzbekistan