Q: Read the following article and answer the question. Article: Captain Henry,a 98"year--old American retired fisherman,has become a first--time author.having written and published his autobiography In a Fisherman's Language after learning to read at the age of 91. Mr.Henry spent most of his life without even his closest family members knowing he wasilliterate .Forced to quit school in the third grade to take odd jobs,he kept the secret close to his chest,only telling his late wife.Henry's granddaughter,Marlisa,told reporters how he used tricks,like waiting for others to order at restaurants first,to avoid the issue. A family dispute in his 90s,she said,aroused his desire for education."He signed a document he could not read about where he was going to live, Marlisa said.Starting with his name,he eventually moved on to the ABC's and children's books.He put them down since his wife fell ill.After the tragic loss of his wife,, he went back to reading and began to log his life.He wrote about his family's voyage from Portugal to the US,how he went on to captain a boat,and his many journeys at sea. His life stories have become so popular that nearly 800 copies were sold in the first two weeks after the book's release.One thousand more have since been printed as requests for the book flood in from as far as Germany.And now even Hollywood producers have approached Mr.Henry about buying the rights to his life story for a big screen adaptation. The family also now has a book agent and a deal in the works to publish a second edition.Meanwhile,the family says they are reconnecting and closer than ever as a result of Henry's.1ate--life efforts.."Everyone has a story,"Marlisa said."It teaches that when you're down and out. never give up." Question: When did Henry begin writing his life story? Answer: | OPTIONS:
- When he was 91 years old.
- After his wife passed away.
- When he was 98 years old.
- After he retired from work.
A: After his wife passed away.

Q: Read the following article and answer the question. Article: Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot. When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back. Plants certainly cannot run away, and they lack teeth and claws. But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means. Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away. For example, the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines that discourage grass-eating animals. Holly leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches. This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach. Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat. Some grasses may contain a sandy material; eating such grasses wears down the animal's teeth. Many plants also have chemical defenses. Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction. Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals. When a caterpillar bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends to the roots the information to produce more nicotine. The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar. Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China, for instance, has prickly leaves, and each prickle contains poisonous venom A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future. Question: To defend themselves, oak trees use _ . Answer: | OPTIONS:
- chemical means
- physical means
- bitter chemicals
- sandy materials
A: physical means

Q: Read the following article and answer the question. Article: When Taking an Uber-Should You Tip or Not? Taking an Uber car may no longer be a direct driver-passenger and guilt-free experience. The ride-sharing experience is about to get awkward. With the wide application of the Internet, Uber, a new approach to your destination instead of taking an ordinary taxi, has become more popular recently. However, benefits won't come without its fair share of drawbacks. Uber drivers are a part of the so-called sharing economy: They use their own vehicles, receive customer reviews via the app's five-star rating system and make their own hours. Unlike other services, Uber claimed that drivers all over the country could clearly alert customers that tipping is not included. Those drivers that expect to be tipped can make their wishes known. But the company is holding to its official no-tip-required line, according to its website. "Once you arrive at your destination, your fare is automatically charged to your credit card on file--There's no need to tip." Although drivers value their independence--the freedom to push a button rather than punch a clock, lack of a clear policy, however, leaves Uber drivers in a vulnerable position: If they ask a customer for a tip or put up a sign, that customer could give the driver a low star-rating, and the driver could finally be _ from the app. But has the company done a good job working with customers? Some observers say that this new grey area for tipping will create awkwardness about whether they should tip or not--something most Uber customers have not had to deal with until now. Uber did not respond to customers' comment, just leaving their rating in the air(ignoring it). Providing an option to tip on an app sends a clear message to customers to reach into their pockets. Nearly 30% people would be more likely to leave a tip if they were presented with a "no tip" button, according to Guinn's 2015 survey of roughly 500 people. When people are presented with three tip choices--20%, 25% or 30%--they're more likely to choose the middle option... Question: Compared with taxi drivers, Uber drivers _ . Answer: | OPTIONS:
- enjoy more freedom and choices
- support the company's practice
- clock up the miles while driving
- receive customers reviews directly
A: enjoy more freedom and choices