Battle of Gods was the first film considered an official part of the Dragon Ball storyline, being set during the time skip in chapter 517 of the original manga, with original creator Akira Toriyama deeply involved. The plot involves Beerus, the God of Destruction, learning of the defeat of the galactic overlord Freeza at the hands of Son Goku. Seeking an opponent worthy of his power, Beerus, along with his companion Whis, travels to the North Galaxy to challenge Goku to a battle. The first story arc of Dragon Ball Super, the newest canonical anime series in the Dragon Ball franchise, retells the events of Battle of Gods. Some details have been altered, scenes added, and dialogue expanded to cover the 14-episode arc.

Where does battle of the gods fit in? Let's have some stream of consciousness first.
The relevant sentence in the passage is: Battle of Gods was the first film considered an official part of the Dragon Ball storyline, being set during the time skip in chapter 517 of the original manga, with original creator Akira Toriyama deeply involved. So, the answer is during the time skip in chapter 517 of the original manga.