Q: Manganese is a chemical element with symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is not found as a free element in nature; it is often found in minerals in combination with iron. Manganese is a metal with important industrial metal alloy uses, particularly in stainless steels.

Historically, manganese is named for pyrolusite and other black minerals from the region of Magnesia in Greece, which also gave its name to magnesium and the iron ore magnetite. By the mid-18th century, Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele had used pyrolusite to produce chlorine. Scheele and others were aware that pyrolusite (now known to be manganese dioxide) contained a new element, but they were unable to isolate it. Johan Gottlieb Gahn was the first to isolate an impure sample of manganese metal in 1774, which he did by reducing the dioxide with carbon.

Manganese phosphating is used for rust and corrosion prevention on steel. Ionized manganese is used industrially as pigments of various colors, which depend on the oxidation state of the ions. The permanganates of alkali and alkaline earth metals are powerful oxidizers. Manganese dioxide is used as the cathode (electron acceptor) material in zinc-carbon and alkaline batteries.

In biology, manganese(II) ions function as cofactors for a large variety of enzymes with many functions. Manganese enzymes are particularly essential in detoxification of superoxide free radicals in organisms that must deal with elemental oxygen. Manganese also functions in the oxygen-evolving complex of photosynthetic plants. While the element is a required trace mineral for all known living organisms, it also acts as a neurotoxin in larger amounts. Especially through inhalation, it can cause manganism, a condition in mammals leading to neurological damage that is sometimes irreversible.

Answer the following questions:
1. What is the article about?
2. What is it used for?
3. How about in natural science?
A: 1. Manganese element
2. rust and corrosion prevention on steel
3. stainless steels.
Q: A large book NBA star Yao Ming's English autography will come out in New York, US , this month. It is called "Yao: A Life in Two Worlds." It talks about his first year in the NBA. Yao wrote it with a US report. Alicia's Coming American singer Alicia Keys,23, will be in the "Wall of Hope" concert with other stars, on the Great Wall, in Beijing, on September 25. The R& B singer is a five-time Grammy winner. Top singing award Taiwanese singer Jay Chou, 25, won Best Male singer at the Fourth Chinese Music Billboard Awards , in Taipei, on Saturday. Football winners the Chinese under-17 football team is No. 1 in Asia. They won the Asian U-17 Championship in Japan on Saturday. They beat the Democratic People's Republic of Korea 1-0. After 85 minutes, Wang Weilong shot the only goal. They took the cup for the first time in 12 years.

Answer the following questions:
1. Whose autography is coming out?
2. In what city?
3. Is Ming with the NFL?
4. What then?
5. What is the title of the book?
6. How old was Alicia Keys?
7. What's the name of the concert?
8. Where will it be held?
9. In what city?
10. On what date?
11. How many Grammys has Keys won?
12. What kind of singer is she?
13. Will she join other singers at this concert?
14. What nationality is she?
15. How old is Chou?
16. What is his first name?
17. What award did he win?
18. At what ceremony?
19. Where was it held?
20. On what day?
A: 1. Yao Ming
2. New York
3. No
4. NBA
5. Yao: A Life in Two Worlds
6. 23
7. Wall of Hope
8. Great Wall
9. Beijing
10. September 25
11. five
12. R& B
13. yes
14. American
15. 25
16. Jay
17. Best Male singer
18. Chinese Music Billboard Awards
19. Taipei
20. Saturday
Q: (CNN) -- Three people, including two former Auburn University football players, were killed late Saturday and three others were wounded in a shooting in an off-campus apartment complex in Auburn, Alabama, police said Sunday.

A manhunt was under way in Montgomery, about 55 miles west of Auburn, for a suspect in the case, said Auburn Police Chief Tommy Dawson. He identified the suspect as Desmonte Leonard, 22, of Montgomery.

Officers received a call reporting the shooting at the University Heights apartments clubhouse about 10:03 p.m. Saturday, Dawson said. Arriving officers found Edward Christian, 20, dead at the scene. Christian, of Valdosta, Georgia, was off the football team due to an injury, Dawson said.

Former player Ladarious Phillips, 20, and Auburn resident Demario Pitts, 20, died later at a hospital, he said. Two others, including current Auburn sophomore offensive lineman Eric Mack, 20, of Cameron, South Carolina, were taken to East Alabama Medical Center in the nearby town of Opelika.

Mack was released from the medical center about 11 a.m. Sunday after being treated for a gunshot wound, hospital spokesman John Atkinson said.

Dawson said 20-year-old John Robertson was in critical condition and undergoing surgery Sunday at the University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital. Robertson was shot in the head, Dawson said.

A third man, 19-year-old Xavier Moss, was treated and released from East Alabama Medical Center. Both Moss and Robertson are from Roanoke, Alabama, authorities said.

Police have a motive in the shooting, but Dawson would not release it, saying "that's for the courtroom, later on."

Answer the following questions:
1. who was the gunman?
2. how old is he?
3. where is he from?
4. how far is this from where the incident took place?
5. who died at the scene?
6. what time was the police called?
7. were they on campus?
8. what is the name of the apartments?
9. how many died at the hospital?
10. please name one
11. how old was he?
12. who was the other?
13. Where was Christian from?
14. is he a football player?
15. why?
16. who is in serious condition?
17. is he the same age as Ladarious?
18. where was he shot?
19. where is he from?
20. do the police have a reason for this happening?
A:
1. Desmonte Leonard
2. 22
3. Montgomery
4. 55 miles
5. Edward Christian
6. about 10:03 p.m.
7. no
8. University Heights
9. Two
10. Ladarious Phillips
11. 20
12. Demario Pitts
13. Valdosta, Georgia
14. not at the time
15. due to an injury
16. John Robertson
17. yes
18. in the head
19. Roanoke, Alabama
20. yes