instruction:
Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
question:
Context: Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) are lipid mediators derived from mast cells, which activate TH2 cells. The combination of PGD2 and cysLTs (notably cysteinyl leukotriene E4 [LTE4]) enhances TH2 cytokine production. However, the synergistic interaction of cysLTs with PGD2 in promoting TH2 cell activation is still poorly understood. The receptors for these mediators are drug targets in the treatment of allergic diseases, and hence understanding their interaction is likely to have clinical implications.', 'We aimed to comprehensively define the roles of PGD2, LTE4, and their combination in activating human TH2 cells and how such activation might allow the TH2 cells to engage downstream effectors, such as neutrophils, which contribute to the pathology of allergic responses.', 'The effects of PGD2, LTE4, and their combination on human TH2 cell gene expression were defined by using a microarray, and changes in specific inflammatory pathways were confirmed by means of PCR array, quantitative RT-PCR, ELISA, Luminex, flow cytometry, and functional assays, including analysis of downstream neutrophil activation. Blockade of PGD2 and LTE4 was tested by using TM30089, an antagonist of chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on TH2 cells, and montelukast, an antagonist of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1.', 'PGD2 and LTE4 altered the transcription of a wide range of genes and induced diverse functional responses in TH2 cells, including cell adhesion, migration, and survival and cytokine production. The combination of these lipids synergistically or additively enhanced TH2 responses and, strikingly, induced marked production of diverse nonclassical TH2 inflammatory mediators, including IL-22, IL-8, and GM-CSF, at concentrations sufficient to affect neutrophil activation.
Answer: PGD2 and LTE4 activate TH2 cells through different pathways but act synergistically to promote multiple downstream effector functions, including neutrophil migration and survival. Combined inhibition of both PGD2 and LTE4 pathways might provide an effective therapeutic strategy for allergic responses, particularly those involving interaction between TH2 cells and neutrophils, such as in patients with severe asthma.
answer:
Do prostaglandin D2 and leukotriene E4 synergize to stimulate diverse TH2 functions and TH2 cell/neutrophil crosstalk?

question:
Context: To investigate the possibility of using a modified reverse transfer function (RTF) measurement intraoperatively during surgery of a new transcutaneous bone conduction hearing implant to evaluate the status of the device.', 'Tests were performed on a cadaver skull (preclinically) and two conductive hearing loss patients implanted with a new transcutaneous bone conduction implant. During intraoperative activation, the RTF was measured using a microphone attached perpendicularly and directly to the skin in the middle section of the forehead.', 'The RTF could be measured for all frequencies from 500 to 6, 000 Hz.
Answer: The usage of an intraoperative RTF measurement may be a good method to verify the mechanical coupling of the bone conduction floating mass transducer and to test the functional integrity of the implant in an objective way.
answer:
Do intraoperative measurement for a new transcutaneous bone conduction hearing implant?

question:
Context: Large volumes of information in the OR are ignored by surgeons when the amount outpaces human mental processing abilities. We developed an augmented reality (AR) system for dental implant surgery that acts as an automatic information filter, selectively displaying only relevant information. The purpose is to reduce information overflow and offer intuitive image guidance. The system was evaluated in a pig cadaver experiment.', 'Information filtering is implemented via rule-based situation interpretation with description logics. The interpretation is based on intraoperative distances measurement between anatomical structures and the dental drill with optical tracking. For AR, a head-mounted display is used, which was calibrated with a novel method based on SPAAM. To adapt to surgeon specific preferences, we offer two alternative display formats: one with static and another with contact analog AR.', 'The system made the surgery easier and showed ergonomical benefits, as assessed by a questionnaire. All relevant phases were recognized reliably. The new calibration showed significant improvements, while the deviation of the realized implants was <2.5 mm.
Answer: The system allowed the surgeon to fully concentrate on the surgery itself. It offered greater flexibility since the surgeon received all relevant information, but was free to deviate from it. Accuracy of the realized implants remains an open issue and part of future work.
answer:
Do a system for context-aware intraoperative augmented reality in dental implant surgery?