Answer the following question: Information: - The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire in the East during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, which had been founded as Byzantium). It survived the fragmentation and fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD and continued to exist for an additional thousand years until it fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. During most of its existence, the empire was the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in Europe. Both "Byzantine Empire" and "Eastern Roman Empire" are historiographical terms created after the end of the realm; its citizens continued to refer to their empire as the "Roman Empire" (tr. ), or "Romania", and to themselves as "Romans". - Malazgirt (also "Malazgird"; "Manazkert"; historically "Manzikert", ) is a town in Mu Province in eastern Turkey, with a population of 23,697 (year 2000). - Alp Arslan (Honorific in Turkish meaning "Heroic Lion"; in ; full name: "Diya ad-Dunya wa ad-Din Adud ad-Dawlah Abu Shuja Muhammad Alp Arslan ibn Dawud" ; 20 January 1029 15 December 1072), real name Muhammad bin Dawud Chaghri, was the second Sultan of the Seljuk Empire and great-grandson of Seljuk, the eponymous founder of the dynasty. As Sultan, Alp Arslan greatly expanded Seljuk territory and consolidated power, defeating rivals to his south and northwest. His victory over the Byzantines at Manzikert ushered in the Turkish settlement of Anatolia. For his military prowess and fighting skills he obtained the name "Alp Arslan", which means "Heroic Lion" in Turkish. - The Sea of Marmara, also known as the Sea of Marmora or the Marmara Sea, and in the context of classical antiquity as the Propontis, is the inland sea, entirely within the borders of Turkey, that connects the Black Sea to the Aegean Sea, thus separating Turkey's Asian and European parts. The Bosphorus strait connects it to the Black Sea and the Dardanelles strait to the Aegean Sea. The former also separates Istanbul into its Asian and European sides. The sea has an area of 11,350km (280km x 80km) with the greatest depth reaching . - Erzurum is a city in eastern Turkey. It is the largest city in, and the capital of, Erzurum Province. It is situated 1757meters (5766feet) above sea level. Erzurum had a population of 361,235 in the 2000 census, increasing to 367,250 by 2010. - Erzincan is the capital of Erzincan Province in northeastern Turkey. Nearby cities include Erzurum, Sivas, Tunceli, Bingol, Elaz, Malatya, Gumuhane, Bayburt, and Giresun. Located at an altitude of 1,185 meters above sea level, the city's climate produces snowy winters and warm summers. - Ar, formerly known as Karakose from the early Turkish republican period until 1946, and before that as Karakilisa (also rendered as Karakilise) (Ottoman: ), is the capital of Ar Province at the eastern end of Turkey, near the border with Iran. - Iran (, also , ; ' ), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (' ), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the "de facto" Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and Azerbaijan; to the north by the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Comprising a land area of , it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world. With 82.8 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th-most-populous country. It is the only country with both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, make it of great geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic center. - Sivas (Latin: "Sebastia", "Sebastea", "Sebasteia", "Sebaste") is a city in central Turkey and the seat of Sivas Province. According to a 2011 estimate, its urban population is 425,297. - Istanbul (or ), historically known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center. Istanbul is a transcontinental city in Eurasia, straddling the Bosphorus strait (which separates Europe and Asia) between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea. Its commercial and historical center lies on the European side and about a third of its population lives on the Asian side. The city is the administrative center of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (coterminous with Istanbul Province), both hosting a population of around 14.7 million residents. Istanbul is one of the world's most populous cities and ranks as the world's 7th-largest city proper and the largest European city. - Asia is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres and sharing the continental landmass of Eurasia with the continent of Europe. Asia covers an area of , about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area. The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the human population, was the site of many of the first civilizations. Asia is notable for not only its overall large size and population, but also dense and large settlements as well as vast barely populated regions within the continent of 4.4 billion people. - Year 1071 (MLXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. - Bingol ("Chapaghjur", ) is a city in Eastern Turkey. It is surrounded by mountains and a large number of glacier lakes, hence the name (Turkish for "a thousand lakes"). Lately, the town has become a popular tourist destination. According to 2009 estimates, it has a population of 87,918 . - Late Antiquity is a periodization used by historians to describe the time of transition from classical antiquity to the Middle Ages in mainland Europe, the Mediterranean world, and the Middle East. The development of the periodization has generally been accredited to historian Peter Brown, after the publication of his seminal work "The World of Late Antiquity" (1971). Precise boundaries for the period are a continuing matter of debate, but Brown proposes a period between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Generally, it can be thought of as from the end of the Roman Empire's Crisis of the Third Century (c. 235 284) to, in the East, the early Islamic period (7th9th centuries), following the Muslim conquests in the mid7th century. In the West the end was earlier, with the start of the Early Medieval period typically placed in the 6th century, or earlier on the Western edges of the empire. - RomanosIV Diogenes ("RmanosIV Diogens"), also known as Romanus IV, was a member of the Byzantine military aristocracy who, after his marriage to the widowed empress Eudokia Makrembolitissa, was crowned Byzantine emperor and reigned from 1068 to 1071. During his reign he was determined to halt the decline of the Byzantine military and to stop Turkish incursions into the Byzantine Empire, but in 1071 he was captured and his army routed at the Battle of Manzikert. While still captive he was overthrown in a palace coup, and when released he was quickly defeated and detained by members of the Doukas family. In 1072, he was blinded and sent to a monastery, where he died of his wounds. - Mu (transliterated as Mush, also historically "Moush" or "Moosh" ) is a town and the provincial capital of Mu Province in Turkey. Population of the municipality of Mu numbers 72,774 (2009 estimate). - The Roman Empire (Koine and Medieval Greek: , tr. ) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The city of Rome was the largest city in the world BC AD, with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around 500 AD, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time). The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC. Civil wars and executions continued, culminating in the victory of Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt. Octavian's power was then unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title "Augustus", effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic. - The Saltukids or Saltuqids ( Modern Turkish : Saltuklu Beylii ) were a dynasty ruling one of the Anatolian beyliks founded after the Battle of Manzikert ( 1071 ) and centered on Erzurum . The Saltukids ruled between 1071 to 1202 . The beylik was founded by Emir Saltuk , one of the Turkmen commanders of the Great Seljuk Alp Arslan . The beylik fought frequently against the Georgian Kingdom for hegemony of Kars region . Center of the beylig , Erzurum , was occupied by Byzantine Empire between 1077 -- 1079 and was besieged by the Georgian King Giorgi III in 1184 . It compromised present whole Erzurum and Bayburt provinces also east of Erzincan , most of Kars , north of Ar and Mu provinces during its height . The first known Saltukid is Ali , who was ruler of Erzurum in 1103 . His son and successor was Saltuk , who succeeded him sometime after 1123 . Saltuk had a female relative , a daughter or sister , who married Shah - i - Armind of Akhlat , Sukman II. The Beys of Saltuk left important works of architecture , particularly in Erzurum and Mamahatun . The Saltukid dynasty is also notable for having a woman , Melike Mama Hatun , sister of Nasiruddin Muhammed , directly administering its realm for an estimated nine years , between 1191 and 1200 . She was later dethroned by the Beys and replaced by her son Malik - Shah once she had started searching for a husband among the Mamluk nobility . Mama Hatun built an impressive caravanserai in the town of Tercan , where her mausoleum also stands . Tercan itself used to be called '' Mamahatun '' , and is sometimes still called as such locally . The name of the ruling dynasty of the beylik should not be confused with that of Sar Saltuk , a Turkish mystic and saint ; who is of later date , more associated with western Anatolia and the Balkans ( especially Dobruja ) , and to whom the epic Saltukname is dedicated . The last ruler of Saltukids , Alaeddin Muhammed , was dethroned and imprisoned by the Sultan of Rum Suleymanshah II during Suleymanshah 's Georgian rout in 1202 . So... - Constantinople was the capital city of the Roman/Byzantine Empire (3301204 and 12611453), and also of the brief Latin (12041261), and the later Ottoman (14531923) empires. It was reinaugurated in 324 AD from ancient Byzantium as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Emperor Constantine the Great, after whom it was named, and dedicated on 11 May 330 AD. - The Battle of Manzikert was fought between the Byzantine Empire and the Seljuq Turks on August 26, 1071 near Manzikert (modern Malazgirt in Mu Province, Turkey). The decisive defeat of the Byzantine army and the capture of the Emperor Romanos IV Diogenes played an important role in undermining Byzantine authority in Anatolia and Armenia, and allowed for the gradual Turkification of Anatolia. - Mu Province is a province in eastern Turkey. It is 8,196km in area, and has a population of 406,886 according to a 2010 estimate. The population was 453,654 in 2000. The provincial capital is the city of Mu. Another town in Mu province, Malazgirt ("Manzikert"), is famous for the Battle of Manzikert of 1071. The majority of the province's population is Kurdish. - Seljuk (also Seldjuk, Seldjuq, Seljuq; died 1038) was the eponymous hero of the Seljuq Turks. He was the son of a certain Toqaq surnamed Temur Yal (meaning "of the iron bow") and either the chief or an eminent member from the Knk tribe of the Oghuz Turks. In 985, the Seljuq clan split off from the bulk of the Tokuz-Oghuz, a confederacy of nine clans long settled between the Aral and Caspian Seas. They set up camp on the right bank of the lower Syr Darya (Jaxartes), in the direction of Jend, near Kzyl Orda in present-day south-central Kazakhstan. There, in 985, Seljuk converted to Islam. - Anatolia (from Greek , ' "east" or "(sun)rise"; in modern ), in geography known as Asia Minor (from ' "small Asia"; in modern ), Asian Turkey, Anatolian peninsula, or Anatolian plateau, is the westernmost protrusion of Asia, which makes up the majority of modern-day Turkey. The region is bounded by the Black Sea to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Aegean Sea to the west. The Sea of Marmara forms a connection between the Black and Aegean Seas through the Bosphorus and Dardanelles straits and separates Anatolia from Thrace on the European mainland. - Gumuhane ("Argyropolis", in Greek) is a city and the capital district of Gumuhane Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. The city lies along the Harit River, at an elevation of 5,000 feet (1,500 m), about 40 miles (65km) southwest of Trabzon. According to the 2010 census, population of Gumuhane urban center is 28,620. The district covers an area of , and the town lies at an elevation of . Coordinates on world : 402735N 392840E What object entity has the relation of 'inception' with the subject 'saltukids'? Choices: - 1 - 1029 - 1038 - 1071 - 1072 - 11 - 1261 - 14 - 1453 - 15 - 1757 - 185 - 1946 - 1971 - 20 - 2000 - 2009 - 2010 - 2011 - 27 - 30 - 330 - 350 - 5 - 50 - 500 - 697 - 7 - 8 - 985
Answer:
1072