Question: Information: - A punishment is the imposition of an undesirable or unpleasant outcome upon a group or individual, meted out by an authorityin contexts ranging from child discipline to criminal lawas a response and deterrent to a particular action or behaviour that is deemed undesirable or unacceptable. The reasoning may be to condition a child to avoid self-endangerment, to impose social conformity (in particular, in the contexts of compulsory education or military discipline), to defend norms, to protect against future harms (in particular, those from violent crime), and to maintain the lawand respect for rule of lawunder which the social group is governed. Punishment may be self-inflicted as with self-flagellation and mortification of the flesh in the religious setting, but is most often a form of social coercion. - Law is a system of rules that are created and enforced through social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior. State-enforced laws can be made by a collective legislature or by a single legislator, resulting in statutes, by the executive through decrees and regulations, or established by judges through precedent, normally in common law jurisdictions. Private individuals can create legally binding contracts, including arbitration agreements that may elect to accept alternative arbitration to the normal court process. The formation of laws themselves may be influenced by a constitution, written or tacit, and the rights encoded therein. The law shapes politics, economics, history and society in various ways and serves as a mediator of relations between people. - The phrase law of the land is a legal term, equivalent to the Latin lex terrae, or legem terrae in the accusative case. It refers to all of the laws in force within a country or region, including statute law and case-made law. - Extrajudicial punishment is punishment for an alleged crime or offense carried out without legal process or supervision from a court or tribunal through a legal proceeding. - Due process is the legal requirement that the state must respect all legal rights that are owed to a person. Due process balances the power of law of the land and protects the individual person from it. When a government harms a person without following the exact course of the law, this constitutes a due process violation, which offends the rule of law. - The rule of law is the legal principle that law should govern a nation, as opposed to being governed by arbitrary decisions of individual government officials. It primarily refers to the influence and authority of law within society, particularly as a constraint upon behaviour, including behaviour of government officials. The phrase can be traced back to 16th century Britain, and in the following century the Scottish theologian Samuel Rutherford used the phrase in his argument against the divine right of kings. John Locke defined freedom under the rule of law as follows: - An extrajudicial killing is the killing of a person by governmental authorities without the sanction of any judicial proceeding or legal process . Extrajudicial punishments are mostly seen by humanity to be unethical , since they bypass the due process of the legal jurisdiction in which they occur . Extrajudicial killings often target leading political , trade union , dissident , religious , and social figures and may be carried out by the state government or other state authorities like the armed forces or police . Extrajudicial killings and death squads are common in Iraq , Central America , Colombia , Afghanistan , Pakistan , Bangladesh , several nations or regions in Africa , Jamaica , Kosovo , parts of South America , allegedly Russia , Uzbekistan , parts of Thailand , Turkey , in the Philippines . and it is practiced by Israel against Palestinians in the West Bank , and abroad . One of the most recent issues regarding extrajudicial killing has been the debate about the legal and moral status of targeted killing by unmanned aerial vehicles by the United States . Given the paragraphs above, decide what entity has the relation 'facet of' with 'criminal law'.
Answer: extrajudicial killing

input: Please answer the following: Information: - Okada Shigeyoshi ( , 1527 -- May 17 , 1583 ) was a warrior who was anotable retainer of the Oda family of the Owari region of Japan . Shigeyoshi was known as one of the ' Seven Spears of Azukizaka ' , due to his brave military actions during the year of 1542 . Shigeyoshi continued to serve under Oda Nobunaga for many years afterwards . After Nobunaga 's death during the year of 1582 , Shigeyoshi went on to serve Oda Nobuo . Sometime later , Shigeyoshi was granted title over the Hoshizaka Castle , but died the following year . - , first called Jbei from his clan and later from his title, was a samurai and general who lived during the Sengoku period of Feudal Japan. His full name was thus Akechi Jbei Minamoto-no-Mitsuhide ( ). - Historical context. The goal of national unification and a return to the comparative political stability of the earlier Muromachi period was widely shared by the multitude of autonomous "daimys" during the Sengoku period. Oda Nobunaga was the first for whom this goal seemed attainable. Nobunaga had gained control over most of Honshu (see map below) before his death during the 1582 Honn-ji incident, a coup attempt executed by Nobunaga's vassal, Akechi Mitsuhide. It is not certain whether Nobunaga was killed in the attack or else committed seppuku. The motivations behind Mitsuhide's betrayal was never revealed to anyone who survived the incident, and has been a subject of debate and conjecture ever since the incident. - The is a period in Japanese history marked by social upheaval, political intrigue and near-constant military conflict. Japanese historians named it after the otherwise unrelated Warring States period in China. It came to an end when all political power was unified under the Tokugawa shogunate. - The refers to the forced suicide on June 21, 1582, of Japanese daimy Oda Nobunaga at the hands of his samurai general Akechi Mitsuhide. This occurred in Honn-ji, a temple in Kyoto, ending Nobunaga's quest to consolidate centralized power in Japan under his authority. Given the paragraphs above, decide what entity has the relation 'occupation' with 'samurai'.
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output:
okada shigeyoshi