Answer the following question given this paragraph: One of the exciting things about expecting a child is wondering if the baby will be a boy or a girl. There are many superstitions about how one might influence or predict the outcome. But what really determines if a baby is male or female? We now know that the gender of a baby is determined by a special pair of chromosomes known as the sex chromosomes. Q: The gender of a baby is determined by what special pair of chromosomes? Choices: - diploid chromosomes - sister chromatids - reflection chromosomes - sex chromosomes A:
sex chromosomes
Answer the following question given this paragraph: A lichen is an organism that results from a mutualistic relationship between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism. The other organism is usually a cyanobacterium or green alga. The fungus grows around the bacterial or algal cells. The fungus benefits from the constant supply of food produced by the photosynthesizer. The photosynthesizer benefits from the water and nutrients absorbed by the fungus. Figure below shows lichen growing on a rock. Q: How does the fungus benefit from the photosynthesizer? Choices: - shade - protection from chemicals - supply of carbon dioxide - supply of food A:
supply of food
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Community Dynamics Community dynamics are the changes in community structure and composition over time, often following environmental disturbances such as volcanoes, earthquakes, storms, fires, and climate change. Communities with a relatively constant number of species are said to be at equilibrium. The equilibrium is dynamic with species identities and relationships changing over time, but maintaining relatively constant numbers. Following a disturbance, the community may or may not return to the equilibrium state. Succession describes the sequential appearance and disappearance of species in a community over time after a severe disturbance. In primary succession, newly exposed or newly formed rock is colonized by living organisms; in secondary succession, a part of an ecosystem is disturbed and remnants of the previous community remain. In both cases, there is a sequential change in species until a more or less permanent community develops. Primary Succession and Pioneer Species Primary succession occurs when new land is formed, for example, following the eruption of volcanoes, such as those on the Big Island of Hawaii. As lava flows into the ocean, new land is continually being formed. On the Big Island, approximately 32 acres of land is added to it its size each year. Weathering and other natural forces break down the rock enough for the. Q: What term describes the sequential appearance and disappearance of species in a community over time after a severe disturbance? Choices: - supression - generational replacement - pattern - succession A:
A: succession
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The esophagus is a long, narrow tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach. It has no other purpose. Food moves through the esophagus because of peristalsis. At the lower end of the esophagus, a circular muscle, called a sphincter, controls the opening to the stomach. The sphincter relaxes to let food pass into the stomach. Then the sphincter contracts to prevent food from passing back into the esophagus. Q: What is the long, narrow tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach by the mechanism of peristalsis? Choices: - gallbladder - liver - spinal cord - esophagus A:
Answer: esophagus
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Chemistry is the study of matter and energy and how they interact, mainly at the level of atoms and molecules. Basic concepts in chemistry include chemicals, which are specific types of matter, and chemical reactions. In a chemical reaction, atoms or molecules of certain types of matter combine chemically to form other types of matter. All chemical reactions involve energy. Q: What is the study of the interaction between matter and energy called? Choices: - astronomy - climatology - geology - chemistry A:
**Answer**
chemistry
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Streams often start in mountains, where the land is very steep. You can see an example in Figure below . A mountain stream flows very quickly because of the steep slope. This causes a lot of erosion and very little deposition. The rapidly falling water digs down into the stream bed and makes it deeper. It carves a narrow, V-shaped channel. Q: Where do streams often start? Choices: - valleys - oceans - plains - mountains A:
**Answer**
mountains