Process: - Humans are born as babies - Babies become infants - Infants become children - Children learn skills - Children become teenagers - Teenagers undergo puberty - Teenagers become adults - Adults have children - Adults become elderly - Elderly humans die. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose there is an epidemic that kills many babies and children happens, how will it affect less teenagers become adults. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer: yes

Q: Process: - Animals and plants die in soft soil or mud - Sediment builds up over the remains - The remains decompose, leaving only trace amounts - The remaining parts over the years are replaced with mineral - A fossil is formed - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose there is an epidemic happens, how will it affect MORE fossils forming. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
A: yes

Question: Process: - Water evaporates from the ground up to the sky - Water droplets are in clouds - The air gets cold - Water droplets turn into ice crystals - Ice crystals in clouds stick together and become snowflakes. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose less co2 is in the atmosphere happens, how will it affect The air is less cold. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Answer: yes

[Q]: Process: - Waves hit the coast - Waves have energy that pushes the water and sediment - The sediment can help erode land like sandpaper - Water washes the sediment back - Some sediment is left as sand. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose A person wants ice for the weekend happens, how will it affect water and sediment are pushed into the coast less. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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[A]: no

input: Please answer the following: Process: - Chemicals like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen are released into the air - These substances rise into the high atmosphere - They react with water and oxygen - This creates a more acidic rain - The rain with the high acid content falls. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose "acid rain is absorbed into the earths air with sulfur" happens, how will it affect LESS damage by acid rain. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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output: yes

Process: - Plants start growing on or near the rocks - The roots of the growing plants start to break up the rock - The plant acids dissolve the rock - The rock is broken down into smaller pieces - Erosion begins. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose the rock has pockets of soil in its cracks happens, how will it affect less roots grow. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer:
yes