Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: CHAPTER REVIEW 24.1 Overview of Metabolic Reactions Metabolism is the sum of all catabolic (break down) and anabolic (synthesis) reactions in the body. The metabolic rate measures the amount of energy used to maintain life. An organism must ingest a sufficient amount of food to maintain its metabolic rate if the organism is to stay alive for very long. Catabolic reactions break down larger molecules, such as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins from ingested food, into their constituent smaller parts. They also include the breakdown of ATP, which releases the energy needed for metabolic processes in all cells throughout the body. Anabolic reactions, or biosynthetic reactions, synthesize larger molecules from smaller constituent parts, using ATP as the energy source for these reactions. Anabolic reactions build bone, muscle mass, and new proteins, fats, and nucleic acids. Oxidation-reduction reactions transfer electrons across molecules by oxidizing one molecule and reducing another, and collecting the released energy to convert Pi and ADP into ATP. Errors in metabolism alter the processing of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, and can result in a number of disease states. Q: Metabolism is the sum of all catabolic and which other reactions in the body? A:

OPTIONS:
- inbolic
- systic
- abolic
- anabolic

A: anabolic

input: OPTIONS:
- contaminants
- fats
- greenhouse gases
- hydrocarbons Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Oil comes out of the ground as crude oil. Crude oil is a mixture of many different hydrocarbons. Oil is separated into different compounds at an oil refinery ( Figure above ). This is done by heating the oil. Each hydrocarbon compound in crude oil boils at a different temperature. We get gasoline, diesel, and heating oil, plus waxes, plastics, and fertilizers from crude oil. Q: Crude oil is a mixture of different types of what? A:
A:
output: hydrocarbons

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Multicellular seaweeds called kelp may grow as large as trees. They are the food base of ecosystems called kelp forests (see Figure below ). Kelp forests are found throughout the ocean in temperate and arctic climates. They are highly productive ecosystems. Q: Which forests are found throughout the ocean in temperate and arctic climates? A:

OPTIONS:
- coral reefs
- mangrove
- cedar
- kelp

Answer: kelp

Problem: OPTIONS:
- quarks
- neutrons
- protons
- electrons
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Chapter 2 1 The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. 3 The water hydrolyses, or breaks, the glycosidic bond, forming two monosaccharides. 4 D 6 A 8 B 10 C 12 B 14 A 16 C 18 A 20 B 22 D 24 B 26 A 28 B 30 D 32 B 33 These four elementsoxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogentogether make up more than 95 percent of the mass of the human body, and the body cannot make elements, so it is helpful to have them in consumables. 35 Magnesium's 12 electrons are distributed as follows: two in the first shell, eight in the second shell, and two in its valence shell. According to the octet rule, magnesium is unstable (reactive) because its valence shell has just two electrons. It is therefore likely to participate in chemical reactions in which it donates two electrons. 37 Water is a polar molecule. It has a region of weakly positive charge and a region of weakly negative charge. These regions are attracted to ions as well as to other polar molecules. Oils are nonpolar, and are repelled by water. 39 It is not. An exchange reaction might be AB + CD AC + BD or AB + CD AD + BC . In all chemical reactions, including exchange reactions, the components of the reactants are identical to the components of the products. A component present among the reactants cannot disappear, nor can a component not present in the reactants suddenly appear in the products. 41 Lemon juice is one hundred times more acidic than orange juice. This means that lemon juice has a one hundred-fold greater concentration of hydrogen ions. 43 Maltose contains 12 atoms of carbon, but only 22 atoms of hydrogen and 11 atoms of oxygen, because a molecule of water is removed during its formation via dehydration synthesis. Q: According to the octet rule, magnesium is unstable because its valence shell has just two of what? A:
Answer: electrons

Problem:OPTIONS:
- weather energy
- geothermal energy
- solar energy
- wind energy

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The whirring blades of these wind turbines look stark against the darkening sky at sunset. The energy of the wind causes the blades to spin, and the energy of the spinning blades is used to generate electricity. People have been using wind for energy for centuries. Until about 200 years ago, for example, ships depended on wind to sail the oceans. And windmills have long been used to gather wind energy to pump water and do other useful work. Today, wind energy is making a comeback. Do you know why? What might be advantages of using the wind for energy? This chapter has the answers. Q: What energy source, now making a comeback, has helped propel ships and pump water for many years? A:
****
A: wind energy

Problem:OPTIONS:
- heritage
- extinct
- genetic
- modern

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Modern seed plants include gymnosperms and angiosperms. Q: Gymnosperms and angiosperms are types of _________ seed plants. A:
****
A:
modern