Definition: Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Input: Context: The heterotrimeric G protein alpha-subunit G(s)alpha links receptors to stimulation of cAMP/protein kinase A signaling, which inhibits skin fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis. We now describe the development of fibrous tumors in mice with heterozygous disruption of the Gnas gene, which encodes G(s)alpha and other gene products.', 'Disruption of Gnas exon 2 on either the maternal or paternal allele (Gnas(E2-/+)) results in fibromas or angiofibromas on the ears, paws and tail beginning at 4 months of age. The tumors were composed of fibroblastic cell proliferation with collagen and elastin deposition and calcification, and seemed to be associated with mechanical skin damage. The presence of calcification was associated with greater amounts of matrix metalloproteinase-2, suggesting an association between calcium deposition and extracellular matrix degradation. Osteoblast-specific markers were absent, consistent with the calcification not being secondary to ossification. Molecular studies showed that the tumors were not associated with deletion of the wild-type allele, making it unlikely that these tumors resulted from homozygous loss of G(s)alpha.
Answer: These findings provide in vivo evidence that G(s)alpha pathways inhibit fibroblast and endothelial proliferation and matrix deposition.
Output:
Does gNAS haploinsufficiency lead to subcutaneous tumor formation with collagen and elastin deposition and calcification?