Tony, Moses and Esther are to share $50. Moses will take 40% of the total amount while Tony and Esther will split the remainder equally among themselves. How much more than Esther will Moses get? Think carefully first, then make a decision:
40% of $50 is (40 / 100) * $50 = $20. After Moses takes $20, there will be $50 - $20 = $30 left. Tony and Esther will split $30 equally among themselves so each of them will get $30 / 2 = $15. Moses gets $20 - $15 = $5 more than Esther. So, the answer is 5.