Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What part of the sporophyte produces microspores that form male gametophytes and megaspores that form female gametophytes? Choices: - chloroplasts - pollen - leaves - flower A:
flower
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Quantum-mechanical calculations suggest why the observed bond angles in H2O differ from those predicted by the overlap of the 1s orbital of the hydrogen atoms with the 2p orbitals of the oxygen atom. The mathematical expression known as the wave function, , contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals, LCAO, (a technique that we will encounter again later). The new orbitals that result are called hybrid orbitals. The valence orbitals in an isolated oxygen atom are a 2s orbital and three 2p orbitals. The valence orbitals in an oxygen atom in a water molecule differ; they consist of four equivalent hybrid orbitals that point approximately toward the corners of a tetrahedron (Figure 8.7). Consequently, the overlap of the O and H orbitals should result in a tetrahedral bond angle (109.5). The observed angle of 104.5 is experimental evidence for which quantummechanical calculations give a useful explanation: Valence bond theory must include a hybridization component to give accurate predictions. Note that orbitals may sometimes be drawn in an elongated "balloon" shape rather than in a more realistic "plump" shape in order to make the geometry easier to visualize. Q: This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called what? Choices: - assimilation - hydration - activation - hybridization A:
hybridization
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: HIV spreads through contact between an infected person's body fluids and another person's bloodstream or mucus membranes, which are found in the mouth, nose, and genital areas. Body fluids that may contain HIV are blood, semen, vaginal fluid, and breast milk. The virus can spread through sexual contact or shared drug needles. It can also spread from an infected mother to her baby during childbirth or breastfeeding. Saliva can carry the HIV virus, but it won't spread it, unless the saliva gets into the bloodstream. Other body fluids such as urine and sweat do not contain the virus. HIV does not spread in any fluid in which the host cells cannot survive. Q: Saliva can carry the hiv virus, but it won't spread it, unless the saliva gets into what? Choices: - lungs - kidneys - liver - bloodstream A:
A: bloodstream
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: When geologic and climatic conditions are changing, evolution may occur more quickly. Thus, long periods of little change may be interrupted by bursts of rapid change. This model of the timing of evolution is called punctuated equilibrium . It is better supported by the fossil record than is gradualism. This model suggests that niches left open by sudden geologic and climatic changes may be rapidly filled by bursts of evolution. Q: Sudden changes in geologic and climatic conditions can spur what process? Choices: - generation - cloning - symbiosis - evolution A:
Answer: evolution
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: In a red supergiant, fusion does not stop. Lighter atoms fuse into heavier atoms. Eventually iron atoms form. Q: Atoms of what element ultimately form in a red supergiant? Choices: - gold - steel - coal - iron A:
**Answer**
iron
Answer the following question given this paragraph: The small holes in bread are formed by bubbles of carbon dioxide gas. The gas was produced by alcoholic fermentation carried out by yeast. Q: What forms the small holes found in bread? Choices: - yeast - oxygen - carbon monoxide gas - carbon dioxide gas A:
carbon dioxide gas