TASK DEFINITION: Given an abstract, indicate which of the provided candidate titles (Option1 and Option2) best describes it (respond with the text of the title, not option1/2).
PROBLEM: Abstract: The effects of preoperative irradiation on the morphology of transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs) were evaluated by studying the pretreatment biopsy and radical cystectomy specimens from 35 patients. Twenty-six of these patients had received 2000 rad within the week preceding surgery, and nine patients had received no preoperative treatment. The frequency of bladders without residual TCC was 23% for irradiated and 22% for nonirradiated cases. Of the TCCs classified as papillary in the biopsy specimens and irradiated, 79% lacked a papillary component at cystectomy, but in no case was the invasive component eliminated or regression from muscle invasion to superficial TCC noticed. Flat carcinoma in situ (CIS) did not respond to irradiation. At cystectomy nuclear pleomorphism was greater than at biopsy in 60% of the irradiated TCCs, whereas all nonirradiated cases retained the same grade as at biopsy. In addition, irradiation induced squamous differentiation in neoplastic cells only, without affecting the nonneoplastic urothelium.
Which is the apt title for the abstract? option1: Transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder. Effects of preoperative irradiation on morphology. option2: Gastrointestinal endoscopy in octagenarians.

SOLUTION: Transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder. Effects of preoperative irradiation on morphology.

PROBLEM: Abstract: The combined experience at two institutions was reviewed to evaluate endometrial biopsy and the prognosis for pregnancies affected by endometrial sampling during the cycle of conception. In the evaluation of 1,084 patients, 1,174 biopsies were performed. Twenty-seven endometrial biopsies were done during the cycle of conception, with spontaneous abortion occurring in six cases (22.2%). Multiple diagnoses were made (including luteal phase defects, endometritis and polyps), and interruption of pregnancy occurred. Several cases illustrate disturbing complications. Methods of minimizing pregnancy interruption and patient discomfort are available.
Which is the apt title for the abstract? option1: Endometrial biopsy in the infertility investigation. The experience at two institutions. option2: Pain in early cancer of the lungs.

SOLUTION: Endometrial biopsy in the infertility investigation. The experience at two institutions.

PROBLEM: Abstract: A 33-month-old girl presented with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage from a ruptured multilobulated fusiform aneurysm of the midbasilar artery. This rare lesion was treated surgically by occluding the basilar artery. Intraoperative brain stem auditory evoked potential and somatosensory evoked potential monitoring results did not change with basilar artery occlusion, suggesting that the occlusion would be tolerated. However, the amplitudes of brain stem auditory evoked potential Waves III-V to right ear stimulation were transiently reduced during left pontine retraction during the aneurysm exposure. The patient made a complete clinical recovery.
Which is the apt title for the abstract? option1: Fusiform basilar artery aneurysm in a 33-month-old child. option2: Splenic trauma: evaluation with CT.

SOLUTION:
Fusiform basilar artery aneurysm in a 33-month-old child.