Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[Q]: In patients presenting with a breast lesion, when initial core biopsy histology falls into the category of "uncertain malignant potential" (i.e. a B3 lesion), the next line of investigation has traditionally been a surgical biopsy (SBx). Vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB) may be a viable minimally invasive alternative to SBx for B3 lesions. The primary aims of this study were to establish whether VAB reduces the need for surgical biopsy and determine VAB sensitivity for carcinoma following initial B3 histology.', 'B3 lesion data was collected from 2004 to 2013 retrospectively, from a single institution that utilises both VAB and SBx.', 'A total of 413 lesions were categorised B3 on initial biopsy. Mean age was 61 years (range: 24-91 years). Mean follow up was 52 months (range: 19-60 months). 156 patients (38%) underwent VAB. Only 20% of patients underwent VAB in 2004, with an increase to 95% by 2013. VAB histology revealed twelve carcinomas, all of which progressed to surgical excision. In six cases, a SBx was required following VAB in order to provide further diagnostic information. In one case, carcinoma was missed on VAB.
[A]: Is vacuum-assisted biopsy a viable alternative to surgical biopsy in the investigation of breast lesions of uncertain malignant potential?

[Q]: To investigate whether leukocyte count, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor (vWF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity (PAI-1) are increased in subjects with the metabolic syndrome as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) and the World Health Organisation (WHO).', 'Cross-sectional study.', 'A total of 520 overweight and obese subjects: 379 women and 141 men, visiting the weight management clinic of a University Hospital.', 'Waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, blood pressure and fasting glucose were determined, and the presence or absence of the metabolic syndrome according to the NCEP-ATPIII criteria was assessed. In 349 subjects, data on the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and albumin excretion rate were available and the WHO criteria were applied. Insulin resistance was defined using the HOMA-IR index.', 'Subjects with the metabolic syndrome according to the NCEP-ATPIII criteria had significantly higher levels of leukocyte count (P < 0.001) and PAI-1 (P < 0.001), while no significant differences were found for fibrinogen or vWF (P > 0.05). Using the WHO criteria, similar results were found except for vWF, where higher levels were found in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. When subjects were classified according to the number of components of the metabolic syndrome, levels of leukocyte count, vWF and PAI-1 activity were significantly different (P < 0.05). In logistic regression analysis PAI-1, gender and leukocyte count were independent determinants of the metabolic syndrome (P < 0.001).
[A]: Is among inflammation and coagulation markers , PAI-1 a true component of the metabolic syndrome?

[Q]: To test whether there is undersulfation of chondroitin sulfate in osteoarthritic bovine articular cartilage to support the hypothesis that sulfate deficiency is involved with the development of osteoarthritis.', 'Cartilage samples from bovine patellae (n = 32) were divided into 3 groups based on their osteoarthritic progression, as assessed by modified Mankin score. Uronic acid contents of the samples were determined. Fragmentation of the proteoglycans due to proteolytic processing was estimated with agarose gel electrophoresis. The molar ratios of chondroitin sulfate isoforms in the extracted proteoglycans were determined with fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis.', 'Loss of proteoglycans and accumulation of tissue water was evident in groups II and III, and progressive OA increased heterogeneity of aggrecan population in groups II and III. Importantly, the molar ratio of nonsulfated disaccharide was decreased in the osteoarthritic articular cartilage.
[A]:
Does undersulfated chondroitin sulfate increase in osteoarthritic cartilage?