Given a passage and a query based on the passage, generate an unambiguous, concise and simple answer to the query from information in the passage. Note that the answer may not be present in exact form.

Input: Consider Input: Muffler: Muffler, device through which the exhaust gases from an internal-combustion engine are passed to attenuate (reduce) the airborne noise of the engine. To be efficient as a So that vehicle owners understand the importance of an exhaust system and the connected muffler, here is some basic information to explain the purpose of two main components, the Emissions Control System and the Catalytic Converter! The catalytic converter looks like a muffler and is located in the exhaust system in front of the muffler. Simply stated, hydrocarbons or carbon monoxide in the exhaust are converted to carbon dioxide and water as they pass over the catalyst. Heat is generated in the converter as it works to clean the exhaust. Muffler, also called silencer, device through which the exhaust gases from an internal-combustion engine are passed to attenuate (reduce) the airborne noise of the engine. To be efficient as a sound reducer, a muffler must decrease the velocity of the exhaust gases and either absorb sound waves or cancel them by interference with reflected waves coming from the same source. In the typical reactive design shown in the , the arrows indicate the flow of exhaust gas through a set of tubes and chambers inside the muffler. One important chamber is known as the Helmholtz resonator. This chamber is of a dimension carefully tuned to reflect and cancel sound waves of specified frequencies. Why is an Exhaust System and Muffler so important? If you need a new muffler or an inspection of your exhaust system, our Rum River mechanic will be happy to help you. 17 It is important to get the best-quality muffler to prevent engine exhaustion. Although there have been a lot of muffler choices available today, it is not that hard to spot the good ones. Just make sure that avoid imitation brands and only get those with OEM marks. More importantly, your car's exhaust system is never complete without a muffler to blow out these wastes out with. The muffler is basically a silencer or a device that reduces the noise of your car's exhaust system. Mufflers may have no place in some racecar drivers' vehicles, but for regular street-drivers like you, it's important that your vehicle sports a reliable muffler. Also called a 'silencer', it helps tone down your engine's exhaust sounds to more aurally-pleasing notes. In the typical reactive design shown in the illustration, the arrows indicate the flow of exhaust gas through a set of tubes and chambers inside the muffler. One important chamber is known as the Helmholtz resonator. This chamber is of a dimension carefully tuned to reflect and cancel sound waves of specified frequencies. Query: how important are muffler

Output: Mufflers are important to prevent engine exhaustion.

Input: Consider Input: This test will allow you to figure out if a drug from the opiate family has been recently used. The test will yield a positive result when concentrations of morphine exceed 2000 ng/mL. Morphine is excreted unmetabolized (aka unchanged), and is also the major metabolic product of codeine and heroin. Fentanyl is one of the strongest opiates available today. Fentanyl is 50 times more potent than heroin and over 100 times stronger than morphine. Due to this, it is typically prescribed to patients with an injury, who are experiencing severe pain, or after a patient has undergone surgery. Interpretation. 1 Opiates are the natural or synthetic drugs that have a morphine-like pharmacological action. 2 Heroin (diacetylmorphine) is a synthetic opiate made from morphine and is rarely detectable in body fluids. 3 Ingestion of bakery products containing poppy seeds can also cause morphine to be excreted in urine. If excessively large amounts are consumed, this can result in urine morphine concentrations up to 2000 ng/mL for a period of 6 to 12 hours after ingestion. Due to first-pass metabolism, no pharmacologic effect is experienced from poppy seed ingestion. Till date, it is used widely along with morphine to sedate a person and dull severe pain. Opium is also one of the most abused substances in the world today. What are Opiates? Opiates are a class of drugs which are derived from opium. The principle alkaloid of this class of drugs is morphine, which is also one the most widely used painkillers as well as most abused drug. Even in the times of ancient Sumerians, the chemical properties of opium and its effects on the brain were known and studied. A: Morphine generally is detectable in blood for up to 12 hours after use, in saliva for up to four days, in urine for up to three or four days and in hair follicles for up to 90 days, according to About Health. A variety of factors influence the detection time. Continue Reading synthetic, and synthetic, and notes that standard immunoassays can detect only natural opioids. The third table lists five common classes of drugs and information related to their detection in a urine drug test (i.e., primary metabolites, typical detection cut-off, potential sources of false positives, The most commonly used opiates are heroin, hydrocodone, morphine, and codeine. Heroin is a particularly fast-acting drug with a very short half-life. A saliva test will only be able to detect heroin for the first 5 hours after the last dose, and blood tests work for an average of 6 hours. Morphine is the most abundant opiate derived from the opium plant. With hundreds of brand names, morphine is an analgesic drug that acts directly on the central nervous system. It is a schedule II (or III, depending on formulation) narcotic often used before and after surgical procedures to alleviate severe pain. How long does morphine stay in ur body for urine test from the last time u use n can u cover up a urine test so even though it may be positive can u do something to make it negative. mw 7:11 pm April 28th, 2016 Hydromorphone, a schedule II narcotic, is used for the relief of moderate to severe, chronic pain due to surgery, cancer, trauma/injury and burns. It is approximately eight times more potent on a per milligram basis than morphine. Query: how long to detect morphine

Output: Morphine generally is detectable in blood for up to 12 hours after use, in saliva for up to four days, in urine for up to three or four days and in hair follicles for up to 90 days.

Input: Consider Input: In animal cells cytokinesis occurs when a cleavage furrow (a groove in the cell surface) forms around the cell. This furrow narrows the cell across the centre and eventually p inches it into two new cells. In plant cells a cleavage furrow does not form. Instead a cell plate forms across the equator of the cell. The main difference between cytokinesis in animal cells and cytokinesis in plant cells is how the division occurs. In animal cells there is a formation of a cleavage furro w which gradually squeezes the cell in half. In plants cells they form a cell plate that gradually divides the cell in half. However, in all other cells, irrespective of whether they are plant cells or animal cells, cytokinesis is the method by which the cell divides into two. Advertisement Share This Plant vs Animal Cytokinesis Cell cycle involves events that occur from one cell division to the next cell division. This mainly involves in cell growth and cell division. In animal cells, division involves myosin and a contractile ring made of actin filaments. During cytokinesis, the role of the string is played by the contractile ring. Now, the contractile ring is composed of actin filaments that are assembled just below the cell membrane. Mitosis is followed by cytokinesis, the splitting of the cytoplasm . In cell division, a parent cell splits, producing two daughter cells that are identical to the parent. Eukaryotic unicellular organisms like the protist Amoeba use cell division in the production of new individuals, propagating their species. The cleavage furrow that divides an animal cell is also called a contractile ring. It is believed that the course taken by the narrowing contractile ring during cytokinesis is determined by the microtubules of the cell's mitotic spindle or positioned by a spatial cue taken from the cell's medial nucleus. How does cytokinesis differ in animal and plant cells? In animal cells cytokinesis occurs when a cleavage furrow (a groove in the cell surface) forms around the cell. This furrow narrows the cell across the centre and eventually p inches it into two new cells. In plant cells a cleavage furrow does not form. Instead a cell plate forms across the equator of the cell. Best Answer: plants have a cell wall that divides the cell into two new cells animal cells are split with protine strands to form two new cells Answers. 1 well from my knowledge, cytokinesis in an animal cell- in an animal cell the cell membrane is drawn inward until the cytoplasm is pinched into 2 nearly equal parts. each part that has been divided has a nucleus and organelles. Query: how does cytokinesis differ in plants and animals
Output: The main difference between cytokinesis in animal cells and cytokinesis in plant cells is how the division occurs.