(Question)
Information: - The Guardian Children's Fiction Prize or Guardian Award is a literary award that annually recognises one fiction book written for children or young adults (at least age eight) and published in the United Kingdom. It is conferred upon the author of the book by "The Guardian" newspaper, which established it in 1965 and inaugurated it in 1967. It is a lifetime award in that previous winners are not eligible. At least since 2000 the prize is 1,500. The shortlist of no more than four books and the winner are selected by three children's fiction writers, almost always including the latest winner. "The Guardian" calls it the only children's book award winner selected by peers. The newspaper's children's book editor Julia Eccleshare (at least since 2000) participates in selection of the longlist and thereafter chairs the panel of final judges. - Broken Soup is a children 's novel by Jenny Valentine , published in 2008 . It was shortlisted for the 2008 Waterstone 's Children 's Book Prize and the 2008 Costa Book Children 's Book Award , and longlisted for the 2008 Booktrust Teenage Prize . It has also been longlisted for the 2009 Manchester Book Award and nominated for the 2009 Carnegie Medal . The Daily Telegraph described the book as '' a gripping , humorous story '' . It was given two separate reviews by The Times : Nicolette Jones called it '' a life - affirming , witty , romantic read '' , while Amanda Craig said that Rowan is '' a heroine you warm to because of her perceptiveness and total lack of self - pity in a devastating situation . '' Eleanor Updale , writing in The Guardian , proclaimed it to be '' one of this year 's unmissable reads '' , adding that '' the writing moves with an athletic spring . '' - Jenny Valentine (born 1970) is a British children's novelist. For her first novel and best-known work, "Finding Violet Park" (HarperCollins, 2007), she won the annual Guardian Children's Fiction Prize, a once-in-a-lifetime book award judged by a panel of British children's writers. - Finding Violet Park, or "Me, the Missing, and the Dead" in the U.S., is a young adult novel by Jenny Valentine, published by HarperCollins in 2007. It is about a fatherless teenage boy, Lucas Swain, who finds an urn containing the ashes of the titular Violet Park abandoned in a minicab office and determines to lay her to rest. HarperCollins published the first US edition April 2008, entitled "Me, the Missing, and the Dead". After reading the paragraphs above, we are interested in knowing the entity with which 'broken soup' exhibits the relationship of 'publisher'. Find the answer from the choices below. Choices: - harpercollins - the guardian
(Answer)
harpercollins

(Question)
Information: - Paper is a thin material produced by pressing together moist fibres of cellulose pulp derived from wood, rags or grasses, and drying them into flexible sheets. It is a versatile material with many uses, including writing, printing, packaging, cleaning, and a number of industrial and construction processes. - Toner is a powder used in laser printers and photocopiers to form the printed text and images on the paper, in general with a toner cartridge. In its early form it was a mix of carbon powder and iron oxide. Then, to improve the quality of the printout, the carbon was melt-mixed with a polymer. Toner particles are melted by the heat of the fuser, and are thus bonded to the paper. - Carbon (from "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6. It is nonmetallic and tetravalentmaking four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. Three isotopes occur naturally, C and C being stable, while C is a radioactive isotope, decaying with a half-life of about 5,730years. Carbon is one of the few elements known since antiquity. - An original equipment manufacturer (OEM) is a company that makes a part or subsystem that is used in another company's end product. For example, if Acme Manufacturing Co. makes power cords that are used on IBM computers, Acme is an OEM. - Compatible ink ( or compatible toner ) is manufactured by third party manufacturers and is designed to work in designated printers without infringing on patents of printer manufacturers . Compatible inks and toners may come in a variety of packaging including sealed plastic wraps or taped plastic wraps . Regardless of packaging , compatible products are generally priced lower than original equipment manufacturer ( OEM ) brand inks and toners . While there has been considerable debate and litigation involving the ink and toner patents of printer manufacturers , third party manufacturers continue to thrive . Manufacturers of compatible ink and toner products currently control about 25 % the ink and toner market well over $ 8 Billion annually . - A toner cartridge, also called laser toner, is the consumable component of a laser printer. Toner cartridges contain toner powder, a fine, dry mixture of plastic particles, carbon, and black or other coloring agents that make the actual image on the paper. The toner is transferred to paper via an electrostatically charged drum unit, and fused onto the paper by heated rollers during the printing process. - Iron oxides are chemical compounds composed of iron and oxygen. All together, there are sixteen known iron oxides and oxyhydroxides. - A polymer (Greek "poly-", "many" + "-mer", "parts") is a large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits. Because of their broad range of properties, both synthetic and natural polymers play an essential and ubiquitous role in everyday life. Polymers range from familiar synthetic plastics such as polystyrene to natural biopolymers such as DNA and proteins that are fundamental to biological structure and function. Polymers, both natural and synthetic, are created via polymerization of many small molecules, known as monomers. Their consequently large molecular mass relative to small molecule compounds produces unique physical properties, including toughness, viscoelasticity, and a tendency to form glasses and semicrystalline structures rather than crystals. - A photocopier (also known as a copier or copy machine) is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual images quickly and cheaply. Most current photocopiers use a technology called "xerography", a dry process that uses electrostatic charges on a light-sensitive photoreceptor to first attract and then transfer toner particles (a powder) onto paper in the form of an image. Heat, pressure or a combination of both is then used to fuse the toner onto the paper. (Copiers can also use other technologies such as ink jet, but xerography is standard for office copying.) Earlier versions included the Gestetner stencil duplicator, invented by David Gestetner in 1881. After reading the paragraphs above, we are interested in knowing the entity with which 'compatible ink' exhibits the relationship of 'instance of'. Find the answer from the choices below. Choices: - cartridge - chemical - chemical element - copy - dna - drum - equipment - fine - four - function - ink - laser - machine - manufacturing - material - number - office - paper - plastics - play - polymer - printer - quality - standard - structure - symbol - technology - text - three
(Answer)
manufacturing