TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Federal Student Loan Refinancing
Act''.

SEC. 2. STUDENT LOAN CONSOLIDATION.

Section 459B of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087i-
2) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(3), by striking ''section'' and
inserting ''subsection'';
(2) in subsection (b), by striking ''this section'' and
inserting ''subsection (a)'' each place the term appears; and
(3) by inserting at the end the following:
''(c) Temporary Loan Consolidation Authority for Certain Loans Made
After July 1, 2006.--
''(1) Loan consolidation authority.--
''(A) In general.--A borrower who has 1 or more
loans in a category described in subparagraph (B) may
consolidate all of the loans of the borrower that are
described in subparagraph (B) into a Federal Direct
Consolidation Loan during the period described in
subparagraph (C).
''(B) Categories of loans that may be
consolidated.--The categories of loans that may be
consolidated under subparagraph (A) are loans made on
or after July 1, 2006, that are--
''(i) loans made under this part;
''(ii) loans purchased by the Secretary
pursuant to section 459A; and
''(iii) loans made under part B that are
held by an eligible lender, as such term is
defined in section 435(d).
''(C) Time period in which loans may be
consolidated.--
''(i) Federal direct loans.--In the case of
a borrower who has 1 or more loans described
under subparagraph (B)(i), the Secretary
shall--
''(I) consolidate the loans
described under subparagraph (B)(i) not
later than 90 days after the date of
enactment of the Federal Student Loan
Refinancing Act; and
''(II) notify the borrower, in
writing, prior to such consolidation
that--
''(aa) the borrower's loans
under this part have been
consolidated at a lower
interest rate; and
''(bb) the borrower's
repayment plan and the other
terms and conditions of the
borrower's loan remain
unchanged.
''(ii) Other loans.--In the case of a
borrower who has 1 or more loans described
under clause (ii) or (iii) of subparagraph (B),
the Secretary shall--
''(I) initiate the loan
consolidation process for the loans
described under clause (ii) or (iii) of
subparagraph (B), not later than 90
days after the date of enactment of the
Federal Student Loan Refinancing Act,
by sending a completed loan
consolidation application to the
borrower;
''(II) notify the borrower, as part
of such application, that a fee will be
assessed and that the interest rate of
the Federal Direct Consolidation Loan
will be set in accordance with
paragraph (2); and
''(III) notify the borrower, as
part of such application, that if the
borrower wishes to consolidate in
accordance with the completed
application, the borrower must endorse
the application and submit the
application to the Secretary not more
than 6 months after receipt of the
application.
''(2) Terms of loans.--The following terms and conditions
shall apply to a Federal Direct Consolidation Loan made under
this subsection:
''(A) The applicable rate of interest on a Federal
Direct Consolidation Loan made under this subsection
shall be--
''(i) 4 percent; or
''(ii) in a case in which the weighted
average of the interest rates on the
outstanding loans of a borrower that will be
consolidated is less than 4 percent, the lesser
of--
''(I) the weighted average of the
interest rates on the outstanding loans
of a borrower that will be
consolidated; or
''(II) a rate of interest equal
to--
''(aa) 4 percent; minus
''(bb) 0.4 percent of the
principal balance of the
consolidation loan, at the time
of consolidation.
''(B) In the case of a loan consolidated under
paragraph (1)(C)(ii), an origination fee equal to 0.4
percent of the principal balance of the consolidation
loan, at the time of consolidation, will be added to
the principal balance of the loan, and the Secretary
shall use the fee to cover the cost of making and
servicing the loan.
''(C) If 1 or more of the loans being consolidated
is a loan described under paragraph (1)(B)(iii), the
interest rate on the Federal Direct Consolidation Loan
under this subsection shall be reduced by 0.25 percent.
''(D) Any benefit a borrower is receiving or
earning at the time a Federal Direct Consolidation Loan
is issued under this subsection shall not be affected
by consolidation under this section, including benefits
such as a deferment or forbearance, accumulation of
monthly payments as part of the public service loan
forgiveness program under section 455(m), accumulation
of monthly payments toward a loan discharge under the
income-based repayment plan under section 493C,
participation in a particular repayment plan, and other
benefits to the borrower.''.

SEC. 3. EXEMPTIONS FROM OTHER LAWS.

(a) Exemption From the Paperwork Reduction Act.--Chapter 35 of
title 44, United States Code, shall not apply to this Act.
(b) Inapplicability of Rulemaking Requirements.--Sections 482(c)
and 492 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1089(c), 1098a)
and section 553 of title 5, United States Code, shall not apply to the
amendments made by this Act, or to any regulations promulgated under
such amendments.

SOLUTION: Federal Student Loan Refinancing Act This bill amends title IV (Student Assistance) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 to allow borrowers that received loans under the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan (DL) or Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) program on or after July 1, 2006, to consolidate those loans as Federal Direct Consolidation Loans. It directs the Department of Education (ED) to consolidate DLs, and send a completed loan consolidation application to FFEL borrowers, within 90 days of this bill's enactment. It gives FFEL borrowers six months after their receipt of such application to endorse it and submit it to ED if they wish to consolidate their loans. The bill sets the interest rate on Federal Direct Consolidation Loans at 4% or, if the weighted average of the interest rates of the loans being consolidated is less than 4%, the lesser of: (1) that weighted average, or (2) an interest rate equal to 0.4% of the principal balance of the consolidation loan at the time of consolidation. It adds an origination fee equal to 0.4% of the principal balance of the consolidation loan at the time of consolidation if an FFEL is being consolidated. It reduces the interest rate on a Federal Direct Consolidation Loan by 0.25% if one or more of the loans being consolidated is an FFEL held by an eligible lender. The bill prohibits any benefit a borrower is receiving or earning when issued a Federal Direct Consolidation Loan from being affected by the consolidation.

PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Tax Relief Certainty Act of 2011''.

TITLE I--PERMANENT TAX RELIEF

SEC. 101. REPEAL OF EGTRRA SUNSET.

Section 901 of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation
Act of 2001 is repealed.

SEC. 102. REPEAL OF JGTRRA SUNSET.

Section 303 of the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of
2003 is repealed.

SEC. 103. TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

The Secretary of the Treasury or the Secretary's delegate shall,
not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act,
submit to the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of
Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the Senate a draft of
any technical and conforming changes in the Internal Revenue Code of
1986 which are necessary to reflect throughout such Code the purposes
of the provisions of, and amendments made by, this Act.

TITLE II--PERMANENT INDIVIDUAL AMT RELIEF

SEC. 201. PERMANENT INDIVIDUAL AMT RELIEF.

(a) Modification of Alternative Minimum Tax Exemption Amount.--
(1) In general.--Paragraph (1) of section 55(d) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to exemption amount) is
amended to read as follows:
''(1) Exemption amount for taxpayers other than
corporations.--In the case of a taxpayer other than a
corporation, the term 'exemption amount' means--
''(A) the dollar amount for taxable years beginning
in the calendar year as specified in the table
contained in paragraph (4)(A) in the case of--
''(i) a joint return, or
''(ii) a surviving spouse,
''(B) the dollar amount for taxable years beginning
in the calendar year as specified in the table
contained in paragraph (4)(B) in the case of an
individual who--
''(i) is not a married individual, and
''(ii) is not a surviving spouse,
''(C) 50 percent of the dollar amount applicable
under paragraph (1)(A) in the case of a married
individual who files a separate return, and
''(D) $22,500 in the case of an estate or trust.
For purposes of this paragraph, the term 'surviving spouse' has
the meaning given to such term by section 2(a), and marital
status shall be determined under section 7703.''.
(2) Specified exemption amounts.--Section 55(d) of such
Code is amended by adding at the end the following new
paragraph:
''(4) Specified exemption amounts.--
''(A) Taxpayers described in paragraph (1)(A).--For
purposes of paragraph (1))(A)--

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The
''For taxable years beginning in-- exemption
amount is:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2011....................................................... $74,450
2012....................................................... $78,250
2013....................................................... $81,450
2014....................................................... $85,050
2015....................................................... $88,650
2016....................................................... $92,650
2017....................................................... $96,550
2018....................................................... $100,950
2019....................................................... $105,150
2020....................................................... $109,950
2021....................................................... $112,250.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

''(B) Taxpayers described in paragraph (1)(B).--For
purposes of paragraph (1))(B)--

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The
''For taxable years beginning in-- exemption
amount is:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2011....................................................... $48,450
2012....................................................... $50,350
2013....................................................... $51,950
2014....................................................... $53,750
2015....................................................... $55,550
2016....................................................... $57,550
2017....................................................... $59,500
2018....................................................... $61,700
2019....................................................... $63,800
2020....................................................... $66,200
2021....................................................... $68,200.''.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

(b) Alternative Minimum Tax Relief for Nonrefundable Credits.--
(1) In general.--Subsection (a) of section 26 of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows:
''(a) Limitation Based on Amount of Tax.--The aggregate amount of
credits allowed by this subpart for the taxable year shall not exceed
the sum of--
''(1) the taxpayer's regular tax liability for the taxable
year reduced by the foreign tax credit allowable under section
27(a), and
''(2) the tax imposed by section 55(a) for the taxable
year.''.
(2) Conforming amendments.--
(A) Child tax credit.--
(i) Section 24(b) of such Code is amended
by striking paragraph (3).
(ii) Section 24(d)(1) of such Code is
amended--
(I) by striking ''section 26(a)(2)
or subsection (b)(3), as the case may
be,'' each place it appears in
subparagraphs (A) and (B) and inserting
''section 26(a)'', and
(II) by striking ''section 26(a)(2)
or subsection (b)(3), as the case may
be'' in the second last sentence and
inserting ''section 26(a)''.
(B) Credit for interest on certain home
mortgages.--Section 25(e)(1)(C) of such Code is amended
to read as follows:
''(C) Applicable tax limit.--For purposes of this
paragraph, the term 'applicable tax limit' means the
limitation imposed by section 26(a) for the taxable
year reduced by the sum of the credits allowable under
this subpart (other than this section and sections 23,
25D, and 1400C).''.
(C) Savers' credit.--Section 25B of such Code is
amended by striking subsection (g).
(D) Residential energy efficient property.--Section
25D(c) of such Code is amended to read as follows:
''(c) Carryforward of Unused Credit.--If the credit allowable under
subsection (a) exceeds the limitation imposed by section 26(a) for such
taxable year reduced by the sum of the credits allowable under this
subpart (other than this section), such excess shall be carried to the
succeeding taxable year and added to the credit allowable under
subsection (a) for such succeeding taxable year.''.
(E) Certain plug-in electric vehicles.--Section
30(c)(2) of such Code is amended to read as follows:
''(2) Personal credit.--For purposes of this title, the
credit allowed under subsection (a) for any taxable year
(determined after application of paragraph (1)) shall be
treated as a credit allowable under subpart A for such taxable
year.''.
(F) Alternative motor vehicle credit.--Section
30B(g)(2) of such Code is amended to read as follows:
''(2) Personal credit.--For purposes of this title, the
credit allowed under subsection (a) for any taxable year
(determined after application of paragraph (1)) shall be
treated as a credit allowable under subpart A for such taxable
year.''.
(G) New qualified plug-in electric vehicle
credit.--Section 30D(c)(2) of such Code is amended to
read as follows:
''(2) Personal credit.--For purposes of this title, the
credit allowed under subsection (a) for any taxable year
(determined after application of paragraph (1)) shall be
treated as a credit allowable under subpart A for such taxable
year.''.
(H) Cross references.--Section 55(c)(3) of such
Code is amended by striking ''26(a), 30C(d)(2),'' and
inserting ''30C(d)(2)''.
(I) Foreign tax credit.--Section 904 of such Code
is amended by striking subsection (i) and by
redesignating subsections (j), (k), and (l) as
subsections (i), (j), and (k), respectively.
(J) First-time home buyer credit for the district
of columbia.--Section 1400C(d) of such Code is amended
to read as follows:
''(d) Carryforward of Unused Credit.--If the credit allowable under
subsection (a) exceeds the limitation imposed by section 26(a) for such
taxable year reduced by the sum of the credits allowable under subpart
A of part IV of subchapter A (other than this section and section 25D),
such excess shall be carried to the succeeding taxable year and added
to the credit allowable under subsection (a) for such taxable year.''.
(3) Adoption credit.--
(A) In general.--Section 10909 of the Patient
Protection and Affordable Care Act, and the amendments
made thereby, are repealed; and the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986 shall be applied as if such section, and
amendments, had never been enacted.
(B) Conforming amendments.--
(i) Section 23(b) of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as in effect on December 31,
2009, is amended by striking paragraph (4).
(ii) Section 23(c) of such Code, as in
effect on December 31, 2009, is amended by
striking paragraphs (1) and (2) and inserting
before paragraph (3) the following:
''(1) In general.--If the credit allowable under subsection
(a) for any taxable year exceeds the limitation imposed by
section 26(a) for such taxable year, reduced by the sum of the
credits allowable under this subpart (other than this section
and sections 25D and 1400C), such excess shall be carried to
the succeeding taxable year and added to the credit allowable
under subsection (a) for such taxable year.''.
(iii) Section 23(c) of such Code, as in
effect on December 31, 2009, is amended by
redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2).
(c) Effective Date.--The amendments and the repeal made by this
section shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010.

TITLE III--PERMANENT ESTATE TAX RELIEF

SEC. 301. PERMANENT ESTATE TAX RELIEF.

(a) In General.--Title III of the Tax Relief, Unemployment
Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010, and the
amendments made thereby, are repealed; and the Internal Revenue Code of
1986 shall be applied as if such title, and amendments, had never been
enacted.
(b) Effective Date.--The repeal made by this section shall apply to
estates of decedents dying, gifts made, and generation skipping
transfers after December 31, 2009.

SOLUTION: Tax Relief Certainty Act of 2011 - Eliminates: (1) the terminating date of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001, thus making the tax relief provisions of such Act permanent; and (2) the terminating date of the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 applicable to reductions in the tax rate for dividend and capital gain income.

Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) phase-in between 2011 through 2021increases in the exemption amount for the alternative minimum tax (AMT); and (2) make permanent offsets against the AMT for certain nonrefundable tax credits.

Makes permanent the repeal of the estate, gift, and generation-skipping transfer taxes for decedents dying, gifts made, and generation skipping transfers after December 31, 2009.

PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Small Business Advanced
Cybersecurity Enhancements Act of 2017''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds the following:
(1) Small businesses represent more than 97 percent of
total businesses in the United States and make up an essential
part of the supply chain to some of the largest companies, many
of which are in critical infrastructure sectors, from financial
and transportation organizations to power, water, and
healthcare suppliers.
(2) Many small businesses do not have dedicated information
technology (''IT'') departments and must outsource IT functions
or assign these duties to an employee as a secondary function.
(3) The Internet Crime Complaint Center within the United
States Department of Justice recorded 298,728 cybersecurity-
related complaints in its 2016 report.
(4) There has been steady increases of cybersecurity-
related complaints year over year since the year 2000, totaling
3,762,348.
(5) Seventy-one percent of cyber attacks occurred in
businesses with fewer than 100 employees.
(6) Only 14 percent of small- and medium-sized businesses
believe they have the ability to effectively mitigate cyber
risks and vulnerabilities.
(7) Small businesses risk theft and manipulation of
sensitive data if they lack adequate cybersecurity measures.
(8) The Better Business Bureau found that half of small
businesses could remain profitable for only one month if they
lost essential data.
(9) Cyber crime is growing rapidly and the annual costs to
the global economy are estimated to reach over
$2,000,000,000,000 by 2019.
(10) Cybersecurity is a global challenge where the security
threat, attacks, and techniques continually evolve and no
company, individual, or Federal agency is immune from these
threats.
(11) Strong collaboration between the public and private
sector is essential in the fight against cyber crime.
(12) There is a reluctance among small businesses to
voluntarily share information with government entities, and the
Federal Government should work proactively to incentivize and
encourage voluntary information sharing to improve the Nation's
cybersecurity posture.

SEC. 3. ENHANCED CYBERSECURITY ASSISTANCE AND PROTECTIONS FOR SMALL
BUSINESSES.

Section 21(a) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 648(a)) is
amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
''(9) Small business cybersecurity assistance and
protections.--
''(A) Establishment of small business cybersecurity
assistance units.--The Administrator of the Small
Business Administration, in coordination with the
Secretary of Commerce, and in consultation with the
Secretary of Homeland Security and the Attorney
General, shall establish--
''(i) in the Administration, a central
small business cybersecurity assistance unit;
and
''(ii) within each small business
development center, a regional small business
cybersecurity assistance unit.
''(B) Duties of the central small business
cybersecurity assistance unit.--
''(i) In general.--The central small
business cybersecurity assistance unit
established under subparagraph (A)(i) shall
serve as the primary interface for small
business concerns to receive and share cyber
threat indicators and defensive measures with
the Federal Government.
''(ii) Use of capability and processes.--
The central small business cybersecurity
assistance unit shall use the capability and
process certified pursuant to section
105(c)(2)(A) of the Cybersecurity Information
Sharing Act of 2015 (6 U.S.C. 1504(c)(2)(A)) to
receive cyber threat indicators or defensive
measures from small business concerns.
''(iii) Application of cisa.--A small
business concern that receives or shares cyber
threat indicators and defensive measures with
the Federal Government through the central
small business cybersecurity assistance unit
established under subparagraph (A)(i), or with
any appropriate entity pursuant to section
103(c) of the Cybersecurity Information Sharing
Act of 2015 (6 U.S.C. 1503(c)), shall receive
the protections and exemptions provided in such
Act and this paragraph.
''(C) Relation to nccic.--
''(i) Central small business cybersecurity
assistance unit.--The central small business
cybersecurity assistance unit established under
subparagraph (A)(i) shall be collocated with
the national cybersecurity and communications
integration center.
''(ii) Access to information.--The national
cybersecurity and communications integration
center shall have access to all cyber threat
indicators or defensive measures shared with
the central small cybersecurity assistance unit
established under subparagraph (A)(i) through
the use of the capability and process described
in subparagraph (B)(ii).
''(D) Cybersecurity assistance for small
businesses.--The central small business cybersecurity
assistance unit established under subparagraph (A)(i)
shall--
''(i) work with each regional small
business cybersecurity assistance unit
established under subparagraph (A)(ii) to
provide cybersecurity assistance to small
business concerns;
''(ii) leverage resources from the
Administration, the Department of Commerce, the
Department of Homeland Security, the Department
of Justice, the Department of the Treasury, the
Department of State, and any other Federal
department or agency the Administrator
determines appropriate, in order to help
improve the cybersecurity posture of small
business concerns;
''(iii) coordinate with the Department of
Homeland Security to identify and disseminate
information to small business concerns in a
form that is accessible and actionable by small
business concerns;
''(iv) coordinate with the National
Institute of Standards and Technology to
identify and disseminate information to small
business concerns on the most cost-effective
methods for implementing elements of the
cybersecurity framework of the National
Institute of Standards and Technology
applicable to improving the cybersecurity
posture of small business concerns;
''(v) seek input from the Office of
Advocacy of the Administration to ensure that
any policies or procedures adopted by any
department, agency, or instrumentality of the
Federal Government do not unduly add regulatory
burdens to small business concerns in a manner
that will hamper the improvement of the
cybersecurity posture of such small business
concerns; and
''(vi) leverage resources and relationships
with representatives and entities involved in
the national cybersecurity and communications
integration center to publicize the capacity of
the Federal Government to assist small business
concerns in improving cybersecurity practices.
''(E) Enhanced cybersecurity protections for small
businesses.--
''(i) In general.--Notwithstanding any
other provision of law, no cause of action
shall lie or be maintained in any court against
any small business concern, and such action
shall be promptly dismissed, if such action
related to or arises out of--
''(I) any activity authorized under
this paragraph or the Cybersecurity
Information Sharing Act of 2015 (6
U.S.C. 1501 et seq.); or
''(II) any action or inaction in
response to any cyber threat indicator,
defensive measure, or other information
shared or received pursuant to this
paragraph or the Cybersecurity
Information Sharing Act of 2015 (6
U.S.C. 1501 et seq.).
''(ii) Application.--The exception provided
in section 105(d)(5)(D)(ii)(I) of the
Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015
(6 U.S.C. 1504(d)(5)(D)(ii)(I)) shall not apply
to any cyber threat indicator or defensive
measure shared or received by small business
concerns pursuant to this paragraph or the
Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015
(6 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.).
''(iii) Rule of construction.--Nothing in
this subparagraph shall be construed to affect
the applicability or merits of any defense,
motion, or argument in any cause of action in a
court brought against an entity that is not a
small business concern.
''(F) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
''(i) CISA definitions.--The terms 'cyber
threat indicator' and 'defensive measure' have
the meanings given such terms in section 102 of
the Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of
2015 (6 U.S.C. 1501).
''(ii) National cybersecurity and
communications integration center.--The term
'national cybersecurity and communications
integration center' means the national
cybersecurity and communications integration
center established under section 227 of the
Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C.
148).''.

SEC. 4. PROHIBITION ON NEW APPROPRIATIONS.

(a) In General.--No additional funds are authorized to be
appropriated to carry out this Act and the amendments made by this Act.
(b) Existing Funding.--This Act and the amendments made by this Act
shall be carried out using amounts made available under section
21(a)(4)(C)(viii) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C.
648(a)(4)(viii)).
(c) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--Section 21(a)(4)(C)(viii)
of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C.648(a)(4)(C)(viii)) is amended to
read as follows:
''(viii) Limitation.--
''(I) Cybersecurity assistance.--
From the funds appropriated pursuant to
clause (vii), the Administration shall
reserve not less than $1,000,000 in
each fiscal year to develop
cybersecurity assistance units at small
business development centers under
paragraph (9).
''(II) Portable assistance.--
''(aa) In general.--Any
funds appropriated pursuant to
clause (vii) that are remaining
after reserving amounts under
subclause (I) may be used for
portable assistance for startup
and sustainability non-matching
grant programs to be conducted
by eligible small business
development centers in
communities that are
economically challenged as a
result of a business or
government facility down sizing
or closing, which has resulted
in the loss of jobs or small
business instability.
''(bb) Grant amount and
use.--A non-matching grant
under this subclause shall not
exceed $100,000, and shall be
used for small business
development center personnel
expenses and related small
business programs and
services.''.

SOLUTION:
Small Business Advanced Cybersecurity Enhancements Act of 2017 This bill amends the Small Business Act to direct the Small Business Administration in coordination with the Department of Commerce to createa central small business cybersecurity assistance unit and small business cybersecurity assistance units in each small business development center. The units shall serve as the primary interface for small business concerns to receive and share cyber threat indicators and defensive measures with the federal government.