Answer the following question: Information: - In the field of databases in computer science , a transaction log ( also transaction journal , database log , binary log or audit trail ) is a history of actions executed by a database management system to guarantee ACID properties over crashes or hardware failures . Physically , a log is a file listing changes to the database , stored in a stable storage format . If , after a start , the database is found in an inconsistent state or not been shut down properly , the database management system reviews the database logs for uncommitted transactions and rolls back the changes made by these transactions . Additionally , all transactions that are already committed but whose changes were not yet materialized in the database are re-applied . Both are done to ensure atomicity and durability of transactions . This term is not to be confused with other , human - readable logs that a database management system usually provides . In computer storage , a journal is a chronological record of data processing operations that may be used to construct or reinstate an historical or alternative version of a computer system or computer file . In database management systems , a journal is the record of data altered by a given process . - In computer science, ACID ("Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability") is a set of properties of database transactions. In the context of databases, a single logical operation on the data is called a transaction. For example, a transfer of funds from one bank account to another, even involving multiple changes such as debiting one account and crediting another, is a single transaction. - A computer is a device that can be instructed to carry out an arbitrary set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. The ability of computers to follow a sequence of operations, called a "program", make computers very flexible and useful. Such computers are used as control systems for a very wide variety of industrial and consumer devices. This includes simple special purpose devices like microwave ovens and remote controls, factory devices such as industrial robots and computer assisted design, but also in general purpose devices like personal computers and mobile devices such as smartphones. The Internet is run on computers and it connects millions of other computers. - Debt, AIDS, Trade, Africa (DATA) was a multinational non-government organization founded in January 2002 in London by U2's Bono along with Bobby Shriver and activists from the Jubilee 2000 Drop the Debt campaign. - Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. - A database is an organized collection of data. It is the collection of schemas, tables, queries, reports, views, and other objects. The data are typically organized to model aspects of reality in a way that supports processes requiring information, such as modelling the availability of rooms in hotels in a way that supports finding a hotel with vacancies. - A computer scientist is a scientist who has acquired the knowledge of computer science, the study of the theoretical foundations of information and computation and their application. - A transaction symbolizes a unit of work performed within a database management system (or similar system) against a database, and treated in a coherent and reliable way independent of other transactions. A transaction generally represents any change in database. Transactions in a database environment have two main purposes: - In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm is a self-contained sequence of actions to be performed. Algorithms perform calculation, data processing, and/or automated reasoning tasks. - Computation is any type of calculation that follows a well-defined model understood and expressed as, for example, an algorithm. - Computer science is the study of the theory, experimentation, and engineering that form the basis for the design and use of computers. It is the scientific and practical approach to computation and its applications and the systematic study of the feasibility, structure, expression, and mechanization of the methodical procedures (or algorithms) that underlie the acquisition, representation, processing, storage, communication of, and access to information. An alternate, more succinct definition of computer science is the study of automating algorithmic processes that scale. A computer scientist specializes in the theory of computation and the design of computational systems. - Engineering is the application of mathematics and scientific, economic, social, and practical knowledge in order to invent, innovate, design, build, maintain, research, and improve structures, machines, tools, systems, components, materials, processes, solutions, and organizations. - Information is that which informs. In other words, it is the answer to a question of some kind. It is thus related to data and knowledge, as data represents values attributed to parameters, and knowledge signifies understanding of real things or abstract concepts. As it regards data, the information's existence is not necessarily coupled to an observer (it exists beyond an event horizon, for example), while in the case of knowledge, the information requires a cognitive observer. What is the relationship between 'transaction log' and 'application'?
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