In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.

Example Input: for a mitigating role adjustment pursuant to U.S.S.G. 3B1.2. Section 3B1.2 "authorizes a four-level reduction in offense level if the defendant is deemed a 'minimal' participant in the criminal activity! ] [and] a two-level reduction if he is deemed a 'minor' participant...." United States v. Skinner, 690 F.3d 772, 783 (6th Cir. 2012). The difference between "minimal" and "minor" is "not just semantic," United States v. Lopez, 937 F.2d 716, 728 (2d Cir. 1991), and the standards are not interchangeable. See U.S.S.G. 3B1.2 cmt. n. 5 (defining a "minor participant" as "a defendant ... who is less culpable than most other participants in the criminal activity, but whose role could not be described as minimal") (emphasis added); United States v. Friedman, 998 F.2d 53, 60 (2d Cir. 1993) (<HOLDING>). Both Griffith and the Government focus their
Holding statements: (A) recognizing this distinction (B) holding that there is no distinction in the right to jury trial between sentencing factors and elements (C) recognizing distinction between two types of waiver (D) holding that the district court improperly used the two different standards under ussg 3b12 interchangeably thus blurring the distinction between section 3b12a and b (E) recognizing distinction between tolling and estoppel
Example Output: (D)

Example Input: fees for tax years 1995 through 1999, the parties stipulated that judgment was sought against Connie Ogg in rem only. 3 . Although it has been amended several times since its enactment in 1985, section 33.011 has always provided a process for a taxpayer to request a waiver of penalties and interest if the act or omission of an officer, employee, or agent of the appraisal district or taxing unit caused or resulted in the taxpayer's failure to pay the tax before delinquency. See Tex. Tax Code Ann. 33.011 (Vernon 2001). Here, the trial court stated in a finding of fact that the Oggs did not request a waiver of penalties or interest pursuant to section 33.011. The parties do not challenge that particular finding of fact. See McGalliard v. Kuhlmann, 722 S.W.2d 694, 696 (Tex.1986) (<HOLDING>). 4 . Act of May 24, 1979, 66th Leg., R.S., ch.
Holding statements: (A) holding unchallenged findings of fact are binding unless contrary is established as matter of law or there is no evidence to support finding (B) holding that unless an affirmative defense is established as matter of law defendant bears burden of obtaining jury findings necessary to support defense (C) holding that findings of fact are conclusive if supported by clear and convincing competent evidence even where the evidence might support contrary findings (D) holding that judgment on the pleadings will not be granted unless the movant clearly establishes that there are no material issues of fact and that he or she is entitled to judgment as a matter of law (E) holding that motion to dismiss should not be granted unless the moving party has established that there is no material issue of fact to resolve and that it is entitled to judgment in its favor as a matter of law
Example Output: (A)

Example Input: to be paid or given for anything bought or taken in barter or for service rendered: CHARGE, PRICE"); Black's Law Dictionary 312 (5th ed. 1979) (defining "cost" as "Expense; price. The sum or equivalent expended, paid or charged for something."); Funk & Wagnalls New Standard Dictionary of the English Language 591 (1934) (defining "cost" as "[t]hat which has to be given for a thing in order to procure it; especially, the price paid; outlay of any kind; expense"). In these circumstances, a credible argument can be made that, as between two plausible meanings, a reader should give the word "cost" its ordinary meaning as opposed to the more specialized meaning preferred by accountants or economists. See Perrin v. United States, 444 U.S. 37, 42, 100 S.Ct. 311, 314, 62 L.Ed.2d 199 (1979) (<HOLDING>); United States v. Holmquist, 36 F.3d 154, 159
Holding statements: (A) holding that unless otherwise defined words will be interpreted as taking their ordinary contemporary common meaning at the time congress enacted a statute and reviewing dictionaries from the era of the statutes enactment to assist in determining its meaning citation omitted (B) holding that an undefined statutory term should be given its natural ordinary meaning (C) holding that courts give the words of a statute their ordinary contemporary common meaning absent an indication congress intended them to bear some different import (D) recognizing that undefined words in a statute ordinarily should be interpreted as taking their ordinary contemporary common meaning (E) holding that statutory words must be given their ordinary contemporary meaning
Example Output:
(D)