Question: The theory of relativity usually encompasses two interrelated theories by Albert Einstein: special relativity and general relativity. Special relativity applies to elementary particles and their interactions, describing all their physical phenomena except gravity. General relativity explains the law of gravitation and its relation to other forces of nature. It applies to the cosmological and astrophysical realm, including astronomy.

The theory transformed theoretical physics and astronomy during the 20th century, superseding a 200-year-old theory of mechanics created primarily by Isaac Newton. It introduced concepts including spacetime as a unified entity of space and time, relativity of simultaneity, kinematic and gravitational time dilation, and length contraction. In the field of physics, relativity improved the science of elementary particles and their fundamental interactions, along with ushering in the nuclear age. With relativity, cosmology and astrophysics predicted extraordinary astronomical phenomena such as neutron stars, black holes, and gravitational waves.

Albert Einstein published the theory of special relativity in 1905, building on many theoretical results and empirical findings obtained by Albert A. Michelson, Hendrik Lorentz, Henri Poincare and others. Max Planck, Hermann Minkowski and others did subsequent work.

Einstein developed general relativity between 1907 and 1915, with contributions by many others after 1915. The final form of general relativity was published in 1916. 1. What did Einstein publish in 1905?
2. Did he build on anyone else's results?
3. What was one of their names?
4. How about another?
5. Anyone else specifically mentioned?
6. Did anyone do work based on Einstein?
7. Who was one of those people?
8. Who had a theory of mechanics?
9. How long had it been around?
10. Did Einstein's theory take precedence over Newton's?
11. What was one of the concepts it introduced?
12. What was another?
13. What field has relativity added improvements to?
14. What did it usher in?
15. Is it known if Godzilla will crush Japan and take over the world?
16. What extraordinary phenomena has been predicted with relativity?
17. What else?
18. Any other cool stuff?
19. When was the final form of general relativity published?
20. How many years had it taken Einstein to develop it? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. theory of special relativity
2. Yes
3. Albert A. Michelson
4. Hendrik Lorentz
5. Henri Poincare
6. Yes
7. Max Planck
8. Isaac Newton
9. 200 years
10. Yes
11. spacetime as unified entity of space and time
12. Relativity of simultaneity
13. Physics
14. Nuclear age
15. unknown
16. Neutron stars
17. Black holes
18. Gravitational Waves
19. 1916
20. 9 years

Q: For most caffeine consumers, its chief benefit is that it helps you get more done. This is what makes it unusual, says Stephen Braun, author of Buzz: The Science and Lore of Alcohol and Caffeine. "Its appeal is that it helps us earn more money," he adds. "What makes it different from other drugs is that it's used as a productivity tool -- not for pleasure." Many of history's creative minds have also been associated with a large amount of caffeine consumption. According to one biographer, the French novelist and playwright Balzac drank as many as 50 cups of coffee a day. "Were it not for coffee one could not write, which is to say one could not live," he once insisted. For seven years, the film-maker David Lynch ate at the same Los Angeles diner every day, drinking up to seven sweetened cups of coffee "with lots of sugar" in one sitting, which he said would guarantee that "lots of ideas" arrived. Ludwig van Beethoven was said to have painstakingly counted out exactly 60 coffee beans per cup when he brewed coffee. Perhaps recent tales of caffeine excess featured the singer Robbie Williams, who reportedly consumed 36 cups of black coffee and 20 cans of Red Bull a day. It is the routine task itself, as much as the stimulating effects of caffeine, that makes the process so important, says Mason Currey, author of Daily Rituals: How Artists Work. "A lot of artists use the process of making coffee as a gateway to the creative process," he adds. "You need to get into the right mindset to do that sort of work, and the preparation process provides a focus." One problem with attempting to control caffeine, says Braun, is that it affects everyone differently -- it is impossible to work out a "safe" limit that works for everyone. "Eventually, you have to become your own scientist -- there isn't an alternative to careful self-experimentation," he says.

1. it helps you get more done
2. it's used as a productivity tool
3. They have been associated with a large amount of caffeine consumption.
4. Balzac
5. 50 cups of coffee a day
6. he could not write
7. David Lynch
8. seven sweetened cups
9. Ludwig van Beethoven
10. he counted out exactly 60 coffee beans per cup
11. Red Bull
12. 20 cans

Numbered questions:
1. What is the main side effect of caffeine?
2. What makes this more unique than other drugs?
3. What do many of the famous creative people have in common?
4. What famous play writed would drink a ton of it?
5. How much did he drink?
6. What would happen if he didn't?
7. What film maker was famous of eating at the same place?
8. How much would he drink?
9. What famous composer was specific about his coffee?
10. How?
11. What did a famous sing consume along side his coffee?
12. How much?

input: A software release life cycle is the sum of the stages of development and maturity for a piece of computer software: ranging from its initial development to its eventual release, and including updated versions of the released version to help improve software or fix software bugs still present in the software.

Usage of the "alpha/beta" test terminology originated at IBM. As long ago as the 1950s (and probably earlier), IBM used similar terminology for their hardware development. "A" test was the verification of a new product before public announcement. "B" test was the verification before releasing the product to be manufactured. "C" test was the final test before general availability of the product. As software became a significant part of IBM's offerings, the alpha test terminology was used to denote the pre-announcement test and beta test was used to show product readiness for general availability. Martin Belsky, a manager on some of IBM's earlier software projects claimed to have invented the terminology. IBM dropped the alpha/beta terminology during the 1960s, but by then it had received fairly wide notice. The usage of "beta test" to refer to testing done by customers was not done in IBM. Rather, IBM used the term "field test". 1. which company came up with alpha/beta terms?
2. recently?
3. did they use different terms for their hardware?
4. were A test products ready for sale?
5. What term describes differen parts of program development?
6. what are some of the milestones?
7. how ready was an alpha product at IBM?
8. and beta?
9. why would updates be given to software after release?
10. is that part of it's life cycle? Return numbered answers in your output.

output:
1. IBM
2. No
3. No
4. No
5. A software release life cycle
6. initial development to eventual release
7. pre-announcement
8. general availability.
9. to help improve software
10. Yes