In this task, you're given passages that contain mentions of names of people, places, or things. Some of these mentions refer to the same person, place, or thing. Your job is to write questions that evaluate one's understanding of such references. Good questions are expected to link pronouns (she, her, him, his, their, etc.) or other mentions to people, places, or things to which they may refer. Do not ask questions that can be answered correctly without understanding the paragraph or having multiple answers. Avoid questions that do not link phrases referring to the same entity. For each of your questions, the answer should be one or more phrases in the paragraph, and it should be unambiguous.
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Question: Passage: 18 year old Johnnie Simpson lives with his father and Aunt Martha, after his mother died when he was three. His dad is strict with Johnnie and is constantly criticizing him. Johnnie has a girlfriend, Betty Palmer, who works as a waitress at the local drive-in. Maurie Weston, the town bully, owns a fancy hot rod and teases Johnny about him not being allowed to have a car. One night at the drive in, Maurie makes a move on Betty, but she rebuffs his advances, and ends up letting Johnnie drive her home in her brother's car. On the way there, Johnnie gets stopped by the police for speeding and driving recklessly. The police drive him home and give his dad a summons to appear in court with his son. His father berates him for his careless behavior, while Aunt Martha suggests that maybe he should spend more time with his son.
Later, Johnnie gets a summer job at a gas station, without telling his dad. The owner of the station is building a hot rod to race and encourages Johnnie to help him with it. After his father finds out about his new job, he demands that he quit and come to work for him in his real estate office. Later that night, Johnnie and Betty are having dinner together when Maurie again tries to make a move on Betty, and Johnnie gets mad and challenges him to a fight. Maurie suggest that they race instead, and although Johnnie doesn't have a car, he agrees to meet him in an hour. Betty refuses to lend him her brother's car again, so Johnnie asks her to take him to a used car lot where he persuades the salesman to let him test drive a hot rod. Johnnie promises to return the car the next morning.

Answer: What is the full name of the person that Betty Palmer rebuffed thier advances?

Question: Passage: An Army-OSRD council on 25 June 1942 decided to build a pilot plant for plutonium production in Red Gate Woods southwest of Chicago. In July, Nichols arranged for a lease of 1,025 acres (415 ha) from the Cook County Forest Preserve District, and Captain James F. Grafton was appointed Chicago area engineer. It soon became apparent that the scale of operations was too great for the area, and it was decided to build the plant at Oak Ridge, and keep a research and testing facility in Chicago.Delays in establishing the plant in Red Gate Woods led Compton to authorize the Metallurgical Laboratory to construct the first nuclear reactor beneath the bleachers of Stagg Field at the University of Chicago. The reactor required an enormous amount of graphite blocks and uranium pellets. At the time, there was a limited source of pure uranium. Frank Spedding of Iowa State University were able to produce only two short tons of pure uranium. Additional three short tons of uranium metal was supplied by Westinghouse Lamp Plant which was produced in a rush with makeshift process. A large square balloon was constructed by Goodyear Tire to encase the reactor. On 2 December 1942, a team led by Enrico Fermi initiated the first artificial self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction in an experimental reactor known as Chicago Pile-1. The point at which a reaction becomes self-sustaining became known as "going critical". Compton reported the success to Conant in Washington, D.C., by a coded phone call, saying, "The Italian navigator [Fermi] has just landed in the new world."In January 1943, Grafton's successor, Major Arthur V. Peterson, ordered Chicago Pile-1 dismantled and reassembled at Red Gate Woods, as he regarded the operation of a reactor as too hazardous for a densely populated area. At the Argonne site, Chicago Pile-3, the first heavy water reactor, went critical on 15 May 1944. After the war, the operations that remained at Red Gate moved to the new site of the Argonne National Laboratory about 6 miles (9.7 km) away.

Answer: What is the full name of the person who replaced James?

Question: Passage: The Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition of 19141917 is considered to be the last major expedition of the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. Conceived by Sir Ernest Shackleton, the expedition was an attempt to make the first land crossing of the Antarctic continent. After Amundsen's South Pole expedition in 1911, this crossing remained, in Shackleton's words, the "one great main object of Antarctic journeyings". The expedition failed to accomplish this objective, but became recognized instead as an epic feat of endurance.
Shackleton had served in the Antarctic on the Discovery Expedition of 19011904, and had led the Nimrod Expedition of 19071909. In this new venture he proposed to sail to the Weddell Sea and to land a shore party near Vahsel Bay, in preparation for a transcontinental march via the South Pole to the Ross Sea. A supporting group, the Ross Sea party, would meanwhile establish camp in McMurdo Sound, and from there lay a series of supply depots across the Ross Ice Shelf to the foot of the Beardmore Glacier. These depots would be essential for the transcontinental party's survival, as the group would not be able to carry enough provisions for the entire crossing. The expedition required two ships: Endurance under Shackleton for the Weddell Sea party, and Aurora, under Aeneas Mackintosh, for the Ross Sea party.

Answer:
What was the full name of the person who said the South Pole expedition was the "one great main object of Antarctic journeyings"?