Problem: Article: The easiest way to identify your range is with the assistance of a tuned instrument that you can play while you sing, like a piano or keyboard. If you do not have access to the physical instrument, download a piano app, such as Virtual Piano, on your smartphone, tablet, or other device as a substitute. Using an online piano on your laptop or device will give you access to a full simulated keyboard. It will also make it much easier to figure out which notes are your highest and lowest because the app will actually indicate the correct scientific pitch notation for a key as you play it. Start by figuring out what the bottom end of your natural range is by locating the lowest note that you can sing comfortably without your voice croaking or cracking. You should also not have to "breathe" the note; that is, its tone quality should match that of the rest of your chest voice and not have a breathy or scratchy sound. Instead of trying to pull your lowest note out of thin air, start by singing a higher note on a consistent vowel sound (like "ah" or "ee" or "oo") and work your way down the scale into your lowest registers. If you're a woman, start with an easy C4 (middle C on the piano), and work your way down the keys, matching each note until you hit your lowest. If you're a man, play a C3 on the piano, and go down one key at a time from there. The goal is to find the lowest note you can still sing comfortably, so do not count notes that you cannot sustain. Once you know how far down your voice can reach comfortably, try to go a bit lower, key by key and note by note. Breathy notes that you can sustain count here, but croaky notes that you cannot hold do not. For some singers their normal and breathy lowest notes may coincide. For others, they might not. Once you have found your lowest normal-voiced note and the lowest one you can reach, write them down. Do so by identifying the piano key that corresponds to the note and then figuring out its correct scientific pitch notation. For example, if the lowest note you can hit as you descend the scale is the second-to-last E on the keyboard, then you'd write down E2.
Summary: Locate a piano-like instrument. Find the lowest note you can sing in your normal (modal) voice. Sing the lowest note you can, including breathing. Record your lowest notes.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: You might want to ask the seller or salesperson questions like, "Does this car have any issues you know about?" If you're dealing with a private seller, you might ask, "Why are you selling the car?" The answers may help you learn more about the car and what you can expect if you buy it. Sites like Carfax and AutoCheck are useful for searching vehicle history reports. Just enter the vehicle identification number to find information regarding a specific car. This information can help you piece together a more comprehensive picture of the car's history, including who the previous owners were and whether the vehicle has any liens against it. Check the car's odometer, too. Vehicle history reports should show an odometer reading that is less than its current reading. There are a number of elements that you should check before buying a used car with cash. For instance, pop the hood and look for leaky or oil-splattered engine parts. Check the tires. If they're bald, express your concern and ask the seller if they would consider fitting the car with new tires before you purchase it. If the seller disallows such an inspection, it is likely because the car has some hidden problem. If your independent mechanic finds a problem with the vehicle, bring it to the attention of the seller. If they say they didn't know about it (and if the issue is not a deal breaker for you), use the issue in your negotiations later to obtain a lower price for the vehicle. If the car is a certified pre-owned vehicle, it has already been inspected and has a warranty, so there is no reason to take it to a mechanic. Giving the used car a test drive is the best way to determine if it really is the car for you. During your test drive, evaluate the car's performance. Ensure that the seats are comfortable and easily adjustable. Test the heat, air conditioning, headlights, and blinkers. Determine the ease of driving. The brakes and steering wheel should be responsive. Look for warning lights on the dash panel. Check for blind spots by adjusting the rear-view mirror and side mirrors appropriately. If your test drive doesn't go well, consider refocusing your energies on buying a different car on your list. Vehicle service records will show when the car was last serviced, and when it ought to be serviced again. If the car has missed a tire rotation or oil change, insist on that the seller provide one before you purchase the vehicle. Private sellers probably won't have vehicle service records on hand. Get the car looked over by a mechanic to ensure that it is in good condition.

SUMMARY: Ask the seller questions about the car's performance and history. Check vehicle history reports to learn more about the car. Look the car over. Have the vehicle inspected by an independent mechanic. Test-drive the car. Ask to see service records.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: Stay off your leg and do as little walking as possible. Keep the knee elevated above your heart while lying down. Prop the knee and foot on pillows or on the arm of the couch. Use crutches if it hurts to straighten the leg or to put weight on it. If you need crutches for more than a few days, you should see a medical professional because it may be something serious enough to require more than home care. Apply ice directly on the swollen part of your knee for 10-20 minutes. Do this 3 times a day to reduce the swelling. You can also use a frozen cold pack or a bag of frozen vegetables like peas instead of ice. If you have sustained an injury that results in a swollen knee, avoid placing heat on your knee. This includes hot packs, hot showers, or hot tubs. Wrap your knee in an elastic bandage to apply compression. This will help decrease the swelling. Try an elastic bandage with a fastener that sticks to the bandage so that you don't need clips. You can purchase a compression bandage at a local pharmacy. Be careful not to wrap your knee too tightly. If you notice any numbness, tingling, odd coloring, or increased pain, your bandage is wrapped too tightly. Massage at a very gentle rate may help increase blood flow to your knee. If anything hurts, refrain from massaging the painful area. Try an anti-inflammatory drug such as aspirin, acetaminophen, naproxen or ibuprofen - all are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). When taking this type of pain reliever, be sure to carefully follow dosing instructions on the label. You can also try a topical painkiller. Talk with your pharmacist for proper application. You can also try a patch that contains the analgesic lidocaine for pain relief.
Summary:
Rest your knee. Ice your knee. Avoid heat for the first 48 hours. Use a compression bandage. Gently massage your knee. Alleviate pain with an over-the-counter pain reliever.