Answer the following question given this paragraph: The mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell. Mitochondria are the organelles where cellular energy is produced, providing the energy needed to power chemical reactions. This process, known as cellular respiration , produces energy is in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Cells that use a lot of energy may have thousands of mitochondria. Q: Called the powerhouses of the cell, what organelles are the site of cellular energy production? Choices: - nucleus - mitosis - cell wall - mitochondria A:
mitochondria
(Question)
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Biology has only a few over arching theories. One of these, the Cell Theory of Life, explains the historic continuity of organisms, while the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection (and other processes), explains both the diversity of organisms and how populations of organisms change over time. Finally, the Physicochemical Theory of Life explains how it is that organisms can display their remarkable properties without violating the laws that govern all physical and chemical systems.40 What is life, exactly? Clearly, if we are going to talk about biology, and organisms and cells and such, we have to define exactly what we mean by life. This raises a problem peculiar to biology as a science. We cannot define life generically because we know of only one type of life. We do not know whether this type of life is the only type of life possible or whether radically different forms of life exist elsewhere in the universe or even on Earth, in as yet to be recognized forms. While you might think that we know of many different types of life, from mushrooms to whales, from humans to the bacterial communities growing on the surfaces of our teeth (that is what dental plaque is, after all), we will discover that the closer we look the more these different "types of life" are in fact all versions of a common underlying motif, they represent versions of a single type of life. Based on their common chemistry, molecular composition, cellular structure, and the way that they encode, read, and use hereditary information in the form of molecules of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), all topics we will consider in depth later on, there is no reasonable doubt that all organisms are related, they are descended from a common ancestor. We cannot currently answer the question of whether the origin of life is a simple, likely, and predictable event given the conditions that existed on the Earth when life first arose, or whether it is an extremely rare and unlikely event. In the absence of empirical data, one can question whether scientists... Q: The theory of evolution by what (and other processes) explains both the diversity of organisms and how populations of organisms change over time? Choices: - natural evolution - characteristic selection - genocide - natural selection A:
(Answer)
natural selection
Ques: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Figure 12.11 shows schematically how laminar and turbulent flow differ. Layers flow without mixing when flow is laminar. When there is turbulence, the layers mix, and there are significant velocities in directions other than the overall direction of flow. The lines that are shown in many illustrations are the paths followed by small volumes of fluids. These are called streamlines. Streamlines are smooth and continuous when flow is laminar, but break up and mix when flow is turbulent. Turbulence has two main causes. First, any obstruction or sharp corner, such as in a faucet, creates turbulence by imparting velocities perpendicular to the flow. Second, high speeds cause turbulence. The drag both between adjacent layers of fluid and between the fluid and its surroundings forms swirls and eddies, if the speed is great enough. We shall concentrate on laminar flow for the remainder of this section, leaving certain aspects of turbulence for later sections. Q: Streamlines are smooth and continuous when flow is laminar, but break up and mix when flow is what? Choices: - atmospheric - volcanic - slow - turbulent A:
Ans: turbulent
(Q).
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Cells in our bodies have an intricate mechanism for the manufacture of proteins. Humans have to use other techniques in order to synthesize the same proteins in a lab. The chemistry of peptide synthesis is complicated. Both active groups on an amino acid can react and the amino acid sequence must be a specific one in order for the protein to function. Robert Merrifield developed the first synthetic approach for making proteins in the lab, a manual approach which was lengthy and tedious (and, he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1984 for his work). Today however, automated systems can crank out a peptide in a very short period of time. Q: Robert merrifield developed the first synthetic approach for making what essential cell substances in the lab? Choices: - cells - acids - lipids - proteins A:
(A).
proteins
Ques:Answer the following question given this paragraph: Hair serves many functions such as acting as a filter and keeping the body warm. Q: What mammalian feature serves functions such as filtration and keeping the body warm? Choices: - shivering - sensory organs - sweat - hair A:

Ans:hair
Answer the following question given this paragraph: A caldera forms after a massive eruption. The top of the volcano collapses, forming a basin. Q: When does a caldera form? Choices: - after a hurricane - when faults form - before an eruption - after an eruption A:
after an eruption