In this task, you are given a set of context paragraphs, some supporting facts and an answer of a question. Your task is to generate question for given answer based on set of context paragraphs, supporting facts and an answer.
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Question: Context_1 : Principles of Philosophy (Latin: "Principia philosophiae" ) is a book by Rene Descartes. In essence it is a synthesis of the "Discourse on Method" and "Meditations on First Philosophy" It was written in Latin, published in 1644 and dedicated to Elisabeth of Bohemia, with whom Descartes had a long-standing friendship. A French version ("Les Principes de la Philosophie") followed in 1647. It set forth the principles of naturethe Laws of Physicsas Descartes viewed them. Most notably, it set forth the principle that in the absence of external forces, an object's motion will be uniform and in a straight line. Newton borrowed this principle from Descartes and included it in his own "Principia"; to this day, it is still generally referred to as Newton's First Law of Motion. The book was primarily intended to replace the Aristotelian curriculum then used in French and British Universities. The work provides a systematic statement of his metaphysics and natural philosophy, and represents the first truly comprehensive, mechanistic account of the universe. Context_2 : Maximilian de Gaynesford (born 1968) is an English philosopher and the author of "The Rift in the Lute: Attuning Poetry and Philosophy" (Oxford, 2017). He was educated at Ampleforth College and Balliol College, Oxford (19869; First in Modern History), after which he spent several years studying Theology, before turning to Philosophy in 1993. Before receiving his doctorate, he was elected Fellow and Tutor in Philosophy at Lincoln College, Oxford (1997). He was subsequently Humboldt Research Fellow at the Freie Universitat Berlin (2003) and a tenured professor at The College of William and Mary in Virginia (20022006) before becoming Professor of Philosophy (2008) and Head of Department (2016) at the University of Reading. He is the author of over forty articles and four books: "The Rift in the Lute: Attuning Poetry and Philosophy" (Oxford, 2017), "I: The Meaning of the First Person Term" (Oxford, 2006), "Hilary Putnam" (Routledge, 2006), and "John McDowell" (Polity, 2004). In 2011, he edited a collection of articles on the Philosophy of Action, "Agents And Their Actions" (Blackwell), which includes recent work by John McDowell and Joseph Raz. He often gives papers on attuning poetry and philosophy for general audiences, as here . He spoke at the Harvard Conference in celebration of Hilary Putnam, here . He has a daughter, Elisabeth (born 2009). Context_3 : Pragmaticism is a term used by Charles Sanders Peirce for his pragmatic philosophy starting in 1905, in order to distance himself and it from pragmatism, the original name, which had been used in a manner he did not approve of in the "literary journals". Peirce in 1905 announced his coinage "pragmaticism", saying that it was "ugly enough to be safe from kidnappers" ("Collected Papers" (CP) 5.414). Today, outside of philosophy, "pragmatism" is often taken to refer to a compromise of aims or principles, even a ruthless search for mercenary advantage. Peirce gave other or more specific reasons for the distinction in a surviving draft letter that year and in later writings. Peirce's pragmatism, that is, pragmaticism, differed in Peirce's view from other pragmatisms by its commitments to the spirit of strict logic, the immutability of truth, the reality of infinity, and the difference between (1) actively willing to control thought, to doubt, to weigh reasons, and (2) willing not to exert the will, willing to believe. In his view his pragmatism is, strictly speaking, not itself a whole philosophy, but instead a general method for the clarification of ideas. He first publicly formulated his pragmatism as an aspect of scientific logic along with principles of statistics and modes of inference in his "Illustrations of the Logic of Science" series of articles in 1877-8. Context_4 : Elisabeth of the Palatinate (26 December 1618 11 February 1680), also known as Elisabeth of Bohemia, Princess Elisabeth of the Palatinate, or Princess-Abbess of Herford Abbey, was the eldest daughter of Frederick V, Elector Palatine (who was briefly King of Bohemia), and Elizabeth Stuart. She was born in Heidelberg, Germany, spending the first nine years of her life there. When she was nine, she went to live in Leyden, with her brother and was raised in a nursery palace to complete her studies. After finishing her studies, she was deemed ready to live in The Hague with her mother. Context_5 : The Three Principles of the People, also translated as Three People's Principles, San-min Doctrine, or Tridemism is a political philosophy developed by Sun Yat-sen as part of a philosophy to make China a free, prosperous, and powerful nation. The three principles are often translated into and summarized as nationalism, democracy, and the livelihood of the people. He believed that the economic livelihood of the people depended on adopting the teachings of the American economist Henry George, writing that "The teachings of your single-taxer, Henry George, will be the basis of our program of reform." Context_6 : In computer programming, the term SOLID is a mnemonic acronym for five design principles intended to make software designs more understandable, flexible and maintainable. The principles are a subset of many principles promoted by Robert C. Martin, . Though they apply to any object-oriented design, the SOLID principles can also form a core philosophy for methodologies such as agile development or Adaptive Software Development. The SOLID acronym was introduced by Michael Feathers. Context_7 : Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (German: "Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten" ; 1785; also known as the "Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals", "Grounding of the Metaphysics of Morals" and the "Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals") is the first of Immanuel Kant's mature works on moral philosophy and remains one of the most influential in the field. Kant conceives his investigation as a work of foundational ethicsone that clears the ground for future research by explaining the core concepts and principles of moral theory and showing that they are normative for rational agents. Kant aspires to nothing less than this: to lay bare the fundamental principle of morality and show that it applies to us. In the text, Kant provides a groundbreaking argument that the rightness of an action is determined by the character of the principle that a person chooses to act upon. Kant thus stands in stark contrast to the moral sense theories and teleological moral theories that dominated moral philosophy at the time he was writing. Central to the work is the role of what Kant refers to as the categorical imperative, the concept that one must act only according to that precept which he or she would will to become a universal law. Context_8 : In Canadian and New Zealand law, fundamental justice is the fairness underlying the administration of justice and its operation. The principles of fundamental justice are specific legal principles that command "significant societal consensus" as "fundamental to the way in which the legal system ought fairly to operate", per "R v Malmo-Levine". These principles may stipulate basic procedural rights afforded to anyone facing an adjudicative process or procedure that affects fundamental rights and freedoms, and certain substantive standards related to the rule of law that regulate the actions of the state (e.g., the rule against unclear or vague laws). The degree of protection dictated by these standards and procedural rights vary in accordance with the precise context, involving a contextual analysis of the affected person's interests. In other words, the more a person's rights or interests are adversely affected, the more procedural or substantive protections must be afforded to that person in order to respect the principles of fundamental justice. A legislative or administrative framework that respects the principles of fundamental justice, as such, must be fundamentally fair to the person affected, but does not necessarily have to strike the "right balance" between individual and societal interests in general. Context_9 : A first principle is a basic, foundational, self-evident proposition or assumption that cannot be deduced from any other proposition or assumption. In philosophy, first principles are taught by Aristotelians and a nuanced version of first principles are referred to as postulates by Kantians. In mathematics, first principles are referred to as axioms and postulates. In physics and other sciences, theoretical work is said to be from first principles, or "ab initio", if it starts directly at the level of established science and does not make assumptions such as empirical model and parameter fitting. Context_10 : Principia philosophiae cartesianae (PPC; "The Principles of Cartesian Philosophy") or Renati Descartes principia philosophiae, more geometrico demonstrata ("The Principles of Rene Descartes' Philosophy, Demonstrated in Geometrical Order") is a philosophical work of Baruch Spinoza published in Amsterdam in 1663. In the preface to this work, Ludovic Meyer explains that it is a reconstruction of Rene Descartes' "Principles of Philosophy "in the Euclidean or "geometric" fashion". "In the appendix, a series of non-geometric prose passages entitled "Metaphysical Thoughts" ["Cogitata Metaphisica"], Spinoza explicates Descartes' views on traditional metaphysical topics (including essence, existence, idea, potential, necessity, contingency, duration, and time) while furtively interpolating some of his own. fact_1 : In essence it is a synthesis of the "Discourse on Method" and "Meditations on First Philosophy" It was written in Latin, published in 1644 and dedicated to Elisabeth of Bohemia, with whom Descartes had a long-standing friendship. fact_2 : Elisabeth of the Palatinate (26 December 1618 11 February 1680), also known as Elisabeth of Bohemia, Princess Elisabeth of the Palatinate, or Princess-Abbess of Herford Abbey, was the eldest daughter of Frederick V, Elector Palatine (who was briefly King of Bohemia), and Elizabeth Stuart. Answer: Frederick V, Elector Palatine

Answer: Who was the father of the person Principles of Philosophy was dedicated to?

Question: Context_1 : Up in the Air is a 2009 American comedy-drama film directed by Jason Reitman and written by Reitman and Sheldon Turner, based on the 2001 novel of the same name, written by Walter Kirn. The story is centered on corporate "downsizer" Ryan Bingham (George Clooney) and his travels. Vera Farmiga, Anna Kendrick and Danny McBride also star. Filming was primarily in St. Louis, Missouri, which substituted for a number of other cities. Several scenes were filmed in Detroit, Omaha, Las Vegas and Miami. Context_2 : Dustin Ransom (born December 5, 1986) is a multi-instrumentalist, producer, vocalist, arranger, music transcriber, and film composer based in Nashville, Tennessee. As a session and live musician, he has performed with artists including Ryan Bingham, Jars of Clay, Matt Maher, Andy Davis, Andrew Belle, Ben Rector, Steve Moakler, Laura Story, Brandon Heath, and Brooke Waggoner. As an arranger and transcriber, he has worked with music companies including Vic Firth, and Mel Bay. He is the co-founder of the Nashville Film Composers, an independent music library designed for use in films and television. He is also the founder of the Nashville Drummers Project, an interview blog spotlighting professional drummers in the Nashville area. Context_3 : "The Weary Kind" (full title "The Weary Kind (Theme from Crazy Heart)") is a country song written by Ryan Bingham and T Bone Burnett for the film "Crazy Heart", a 2009 film directed by Scott Cooper starring Jeff Bridges and Maggie Gyllenhaal. Colin Farrell and Bridges perform renditions of the song in the film. Bingham and his Dead Horses serve as Bridges' backing band in the film. Context_4 : Fear And Saturday Night is the fifth studio album by Americana singer-songwriter Ryan Bingham, released on January 20, 2015. The album was recorded with producer Jim Scott and will be self-released through Bingham's independent record label Axster Bingham Records. Context_5 : Eric Wesley Steelberg (born April 1, 1977) is an American cinematographer. He is a frequent collaborator of Jason Reitman, having worked with him on "Juno" (2007), "Up in the Air" (2009), "Young Adult" (2011), "Labor Day" (2013), and "Men, Women & Children" (2014). Context_6 : Roadhouse Sun is the second studio album by Ryan Bingham & The Dead Horses, it was first released on 02,2009(2009--) by Lost Highway Records. Context_7 : George Ryan Bingham (born March 31, 1981) is an Americana singer-songwriter currently based in Los Angeles, California. Context_8 : Junky Star is the third studio album by Ryan Bingham released in 2010 through Lost Highway Records. Context_9 : Tomorrowland is the fourth studio album by Americana singer-songwriter Ryan Bingham, released on September 18, 2012. The album was recorded in Malibu, California with producer Justin Stanley and was self-released through Bingham's new independent record label Axster Bingham Records. Context_10 : Mescalito is the first studio album by American country rock singer/songwriter Ryan Bingham, released in 2007 through Lost Highway Records and produced by Marc Ford. fact_1 : He is a frequent collaborator of Jason Reitman, having worked with him on "Juno" (2007), "Up in the Air" (2009), "Young Adult" (2011), "Labor Day" (2013), and "Men, Women & Children" (2014). fact_2 : The story is centered on corporate "downsizer" Ryan Bingham (George Clooney) and his travels. Answer: George Clooney

Answer: Eric Steelbergs film Up in the Air starred which celebrity playing the role of Ryan Bingham?

Question: Context_1 : The Jeff Beck Group was an English rock band formed in London in January 1967 by former The Yardbirds guitarist Jeff Beck. Their innovative approach to heavy-sounding blues and rhythm and blues was a major influence on popular music. Context_2 : On to Victory is the ninth studio album recorded by the English rock band Humble Pie and the first with a new lineup including vocalist and guitarist Steve Marriott, Drummer Jerry Shirley, vocalist and guitarist Bobby Tench from The Jeff Beck Group, and American bassist Anthony "Sooty" Jones. They recorded "Fool for a Pretty Face", which Marriott had written earlier and the song proved good enough for them to secure a recording contract with Atco in 1980. In UK their material was released by Jet Records, owned by the former Small Faces manager Don Arden. The album peaked #60 on the "Billboard" 200 album chart "Fool for a Pretty Face" was released as a single and reached #58 on the US singles charts and a promotional tour followed as part of "The Rock'n Roll Marathon", supporting Ted Nugent and Aerosmith Context_3 : Hummingbird were a British rock band, formed in 1974 by Bobby Tench of The Jeff Beck Group and Streetwalkers fame. Hummingbird recorded three successful albums, released by A&M using Ian "Sammy" Samwell as their record producer. The original line up included members of the second Jeff Beck Group, vocalist and guitarist Bobby Tench, keyboardist Max Middleton, bassist Clive Chaman, drummer Conrad Isidore and second guitarist Bernie Holland. At the start of sessions for their first album they were joined by Jeff Beck for a brief period but he did not contribute to the album and left to work on his own project. After the first album Bernie Holland was replaced by guitarist Robert Ahwai and drummer Bernard "Pretty" Purdie replaced Isidore on the next two albums,vocalists Madeline Bell and Liza Strike were brought in to complement the band. They found success mainly in the United States, also in Europe and Japan. Context_4 : Beck, Bogert & Appice were a hard rock supergroup and power trio formed by guitarist Jeff Beck and evolving from The Jeff Beck Group. The line up included bassist Tim Bogert and drummer Carmine Appice who were both previously in Vanilla Fudge and Cactus. Context_5 : Geoffrey Arnold "Jeff" Beck (born 24 June 1944) is an English rock guitarist. He is one of the three noted guitarists to have played with The Yardbirds (the other two being Eric Clapton and Jimmy Page). Beck also formed The Jeff Beck Group and Beck, Bogert & Appice. Context_6 : This is a select discography for Jeff Beck, the English rock guitarist who has played with numerous groups including The Yardbirds, The Jeff Beck Group, and Beck, Bogert & Appice. Context_7 : David Bunce (born 1950) is a British independent music producer, born in London, England. He was a member of the Epic Records signed group Upp, which included Jeff Beck, Andy Clark and Jim Copley. The group's albums, "Upp" (1975), and "This Way Upp" (1976), were both produced by, and featured Jeff Beck. More recently, under the name Zak Starstosky, Bunce is currently a member of the UK based blues/rock band Driving Sideways, releasing two albums, "In the Beginning" (1997) and "Live at The Casino Ballroom" in 1999. As of 2007, he is teaching the guitar to students and producing music for films, advertising, and television. Context_8 : Go for the Throat is the tenth studio album recorded by the English rock band Humble Pie and the second with the new lineup including, guitarist and vocalist Steve Marriott, drummer Jerry Shirley, American bassist Anthony "Sooty" Jones and vocalist and guitarist, Bobby Tench from The Jeff Beck Group. Marriott also brought in backing vocalists Marge Raymond, Dana Kral and Robin Beck, once again looking for a more authenthic and refined R&B sound and feel. "Go For The Throat" was released by Atco in 1981 and the new version of "Tin Soldier" reached #58 in the US single charts. A promotional tour started but was curtailed after Marriott damaged his wrist and shortly afterwards suffered from a duodenal ulcer. Context_9 : Faces were an English rock band formed in 1969 by members of Small Faces after lead singer/guitarist Steve Marriott left that group to form Humble Pie. The remaining Small FacesIan McLagan (keyboards), Ronnie Lane (bass guitar), and Kenney Jones (drums and percussion)were joined by Ronnie Wood (guitar) and Rod Stewart (lead vocals), both from The Jeff Beck Group, and the new line-up was renamed Faces. Context_10 : The Yardbirds are an English rock band, formed in London in 1963. The band's core lineup featured vocalist and harmonica player Keith Relf, drummer Jim McCarty, rhythm guitarist/bassist Chris Dreja and bassist/producer Paul Samwell-Smith. They worked with several lead guitarists, launching the careers of Eric Clapton, Jimmy Page and Jeff Beck, all of whom ranked in the top five of "Rolling Stone" magazine's list of 100 greatest guitarists. The band had a string of hits throughout the mid-1960s, including "For Your Love", "Heart Full of Soul", "Shapes of Things" and "Over Under Sideways Down". fact_1 : This is a select discography for Jeff Beck, the English rock guitarist who has played with numerous groups including The Yardbirds, The Jeff Beck Group, and Beck, Bogert & Appice. fact_2 : The Yardbirds are an English rock band, formed in London in 1963. Answer: 1963

Answer:
Jeff Beck was a guitarist for the English rock band formed in London in what year?