Q: Materialism is a form of philosophical monism which holds that matter is the fundamental substance in nature, and that all phenomena, including mental phenomena and consciousness, are identical with material interactions.

Materialism is closely related to physicalism, the view that all that exists is ultimately physical. Philosophical physicalism has evolved from materialism with the discoveries of the physical sciences to incorporate more sophisticated notions of physicality than mere ordinary matter, such as: spacetime, physical energies and forces, dark matter, and so on. Thus the term "physicalism" is preferred over "materialism" by some, while others use the terms as if they are synonymous.

Materialism belongs to the class of monist ontology. As such, it is different from ontological theories based on dualism or pluralism. For singular explanations of the phenomenal reality, materialism would be in contrast to idealism, neutral monism, and spiritualism.

Despite the large number of philosophical schools and subtle nuances between many, all philosophies are said to fall into one of two primary categories, which are defined in contrast to each other: Idealism, and materialism.[a] The basic proposition of these two categories pertains to the nature of reality, and the primary distinction between them is the way they answer two fundamental questions: "what does reality consist of?" and "how does it originate?" To idealists, spirit or mind or the objects of mind (ideas) are primary, and matter secondary. To materialists, matter is primary, and mind or spirit or ideas are secondary, the product of matter acting upon matter.

1. Materialism
2. Yes
3. monist ontology
4. form of philosophical monism
5. the term "physicalism"
6. No
7. it is different from ontological theories based on dualism or pluralism
8. two
9. Idealism, and materialism
10. fundamental substance in nature
11. primary
12. matter is primary, and mind or spirit or ideas are secondar
13. nature of reality
14. Idealism
15. Materialism is closely related to physicalism

Numbered questions:
1. What is a form of philosphical monisn?
2. are Materialism and physicalism related?
3. What class does Materialism belong to?
4. What does that mean?
5. what term is preferred?
6. to all?
7. What are ontological theories based on?
8. philosophies fall into how many categories?
9. which are?
10. What is matter to matarielists?
11. what about mind and spirit?
12. What would be secondary to them?
13. What does the basic proposition of these two categories pretain to?
14. What would materialism be in contrast to
15. anything else?

input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. Pope Francis (; ; ; born Jorge Mario Bergoglio; 17 December 1936) is the 266th and current Pope of the Catholic Church, a title he holds "ex officio" as Bishop of Rome, and sovereign of Vatican City. He chose Francis as his papal name in honor of Saint Francis of Assisi. Francis is the first Jesuit pope, the first from the Americas, the first from the Southern Hemisphere, the first to choose a name not used by a predecessor since Lando in 913 AD, and the first pope from outside Europe since the Syrian Gregory III, who reigned in the 8th century.

Born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Bergoglio worked briefly as a chemical technologist and nightclub bouncer before beginning seminary studies. He was ordained a Catholic priest in 1969, and from 1973 to 1979 was Argentina's provincial superior of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). He became the Archbishop of Buenos Aires in 1998 and was created a cardinal in 2001 by Pope John Paul II. He led the Argentine Church during the December 2001 riots in Argentina, and the administrations of Nestor Kirchner and Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner considered him a political rival. Following the resignation of Pope Benedict XVI on 28 February 2013, a papal conclave elected Bergoglio as his successor on 13 March. 1. What is the birth name of Pope Francis?
2. What is his current name and title?
3. How did he get his current name?
4. Whom did he name himself after?
5. Have any other popes used the name Francis?
6. Who was the last pope to choose a name that had not been used by a pope before?
7. Where was Pope Francis born?
8. What scientific job did he hold?
9. What nonscientific job did he hold in his early days?
10. What happened to him in 1969?
11. What was his title in 1973?
12. How long did he hold that?
13. How many years did he hold that title?
14. When did he become a cardinal?
15. Who gave him that title?
16. Who was pope before Francis?
17. Who gave Francis the title of pope?
18. When?
19. When did Benedict resign?
numbered_answers: 1. Jorge Mario Bergoglio
2. Pope Francis
3. He chose it
4. Saint Francis of Assisi
5. no
6. Lando
7. Argentina
8. a chemical technologist
9. nightclub bouncer
10. He was ordained
11. provincial superior
12. from 1973 to 1979
13. six
14. 2001
15. Pope John Paul II
16. Pope Benedict XVI
17. a papal conclave
18. 13 March
19. 28 February 2013

What am I going to wear today? That daily question often wastes us time and causes stress. Some people have many clothes and might still think , "There 's nothing to wear . "But, what if they have only six items of clothing to choose from and wear for an entire month ? That's the idea behind Six Items or Less.

Six Items or Less is a social experiment , a gentle way of saying "no" to fashion consumerism and the high cost of clothing . Heidi Hackemer came up with the idea . She shared their idea with her friends . And all of a sudden , they had almost 100 people from around the world saying that they wanted to take part in this experiment .

It was an interesting month for them . Hackemer was surprised at how few people noticed that she was wearing the same six items the whole month . Having fewer choices reduced stress in her life . " I learned what's really important and what's really worth stressing . I also found that this simplicity exists in other parts of my life . I realized that physical things that we allow into our world , really blocks our mind . And our mind can be quite a powerful and positive thing if we cleared up a little bit ."

Kristy Hogue said the experiment inspired her to reexamine her life . With six items , at first she was really excited and everything was working out perfectly and she never got bored . Then she started to feel a little bored . Then she eventually accepted it and started to be more relaxed .

Alexander was one of the 40 men "sixers". The most difficult part for him was having to wash clothes by hand every day . But the experiment changed his opinion on what makes people happy . "We have many choices for everything . But all those choices don't necessarily lead up to any kind of satisfaction . We are crazy about novelty . In fact , slowing down a little bit and considering your choices a little tightly , actually leads to more time , more happiness and more content . What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. loosly, what is this article about?
2. Who came up with the idea?
3. Did others participate with her idea?
4. How many?
5. Did anyone notice?
6. was she stressed?
7. Who is Alexander?
8. How many?
9. Did he have more time?
10. What else did he have more of?
11. What else?
Answer:
1. Six Items or Less
2. Heidi Hackemer
3. yes
4. 100
5. few people
6. No
7. man "sixers"
8. 40
9. yes
10. more happiness
11. more content