Problem: Given the question: Information: - The Central Powers , consisting of Germany, , the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria hence also known as the Quadruple Alliance was one of the two main factions during World WarI (191418). It faced and was defeated by the Allied Powers that had formed around the Triple Entente, after which it was dissolved. - Donald Swain Lewis , DSO ( 5 April 1886 -- 10 April 1916 ) was a Lieutenant Colonel in the British Army and was the second highest - ranked officer in the Royal Flying Corps / Royal Air Force to be killed in action in the First World War . His father was Ernest Lewis , one of the founding directors of the Army & Navy Stores ( United Kingdom ) . On 14 September 1914 Major Geoffrey Salmond , CO of No.3 Sqdn and Captain Donald Swain Lewis carried out a successful experiment with a Royal artillery battery using a radio transmitter to communicate the fall of artillery shells . Lewis is also credited with creating the '' grid square '' map system which revolutionized British wartime cartography . This was probably not an Ordnance Survey style grid based on a system of mile or kilometre squaring , but a system based on squares identified by letters and numbers . In the Battle of the Aisne ( September -- October 1914 ) , Lewis squared two copies of a 1:80,000 map , keeping one copy for himself for observing from the air , and giving a second copy to a battery commander with whom he was in wireless communication . On 15 September the British Third Corps assigned its RFC squadrons to support the divisional heavy & howitzer batteries . The radio - equipped aeroplanes successfully supported the artillery in taking out German positions during the offensive on the Aisne . In April 1915 Lewis was appointed to command No. 3 Squadron , operating on the Western Front . He returned to duties in Great Britain during the winter of 1915 - 16 before returning to France in February 1916 to take up command the Second Wing which was assigned to work with the Second Army in the Ypres Salient at that time . On the 10 April 1916 , flying a Morane parasol , east of Wytschaete , with Captain A. W. Gale , an officer of the Trench Mortars , as observer , he was brought down by a direct hit from the enemy 's anti-aircraft guns . Gale was wounded . Donald Swain Lewis married Margaret Agnes Maud Williams ( 1881 - 1942 ) , daughter of Philip... - The Royal Flying Corps (RFC) was the air arm of the British Army before and during the First World War, until it merged with the Royal Naval Air Service on 1 April 1918 to form the Royal Air Force. During the early part of the war, the RFC supported the British Army by artillery co-operation and photographic reconnaissance. This work gradually led RFC pilots into aerial battles with German pilots and later in the war included the strafing of enemy infantry and emplacements, the bombing of German military airfields and later the strategic bombing of German industrial and transportation facilities. - The Battle of Britain (German: "die Luftschlacht um England", literally "Air battle for England") was a combat of the Second World War, when the Royal Air Force (RAF) defended the United Kingdom (UK) against the German Air Force (Luftwaffe) attacks from the end of June 1940. It is described as the first major campaign fought entirely by air forces. The British officially recognise its duration as from 10 July until 31 October 1940 that overlaps with the period of large-scale night attacks known as the Blitz, while German historians do not accept this subdivision and regard it as a campaign lasting from July 1940 to June 1941. - The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's aerial warfare force. Formed towards the end of the First World War on 1 April 1918, it is the oldest independent air force in the world. Following victory over the Central Powers in 1918 the RAF emerged as, at the time, the largest air force in the world. Since its formation, the RAF has taken a significant role in British military history, in particular, playing a large part in the Second World War where it fought its most famous campaign, the Battle of Britain. Given the information, choose the subject and object entities that have the relation of 'conflict'.
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The answer is:
donald swain lewis , world war i
Please answer this: Information: - Nicolas Sarkozy (born Nicolas Paul Stephane Sarkozy de Nagy-Bocsa; 28 January 1955) is a French politician who served as the President of France and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra from 16 May 2007 until 15 May 2012. - France, officially the French Republic, is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The European, or metropolitan, area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. France spans and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017. It is a unitary semi-presidential republic with the capital in Paris, the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre. Other major urban centres include Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Nice, Toulouse and Bordeaux. - A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona that officially represents the national unity and legitimacy of a sovereign state. In developing the current Constitution of France (1958), former French president Charles de Gaulle said the head of state should embody "the spirit of the nation" (""). In some countries, typically those with parliamentary governments, the head of state is a ceremonial figurehead that does not actually guide day-to-day government activities and may not even be empowered to exercise any kind of political authority (e.g., Queen Elizabeth II in the United Kingdom). In other countries, the head of state is also the head of government, such as in the U.S., where the president is both a public figurehead and the actual highest ranking political leader who, in practice, oversees the executive branch. - A presidential election was held in France on 22 April 2012 ( or 21 April in some overseas departments and territories ) , with a second round run - off held on 6 May ( or 5 May for those same territories ) to elect the President of France ( who is also ex officio one of the two joint heads of state of Andorra , a sovereign state ) . The incumbent Nicolas Sarkozy was running for a second successive and , under the terms of the constitution , final term in the election . The first round ended with the selection of Francois Hollande and Nicolas Sarkozy as second round participants , as neither of them received a majority of votes cast in the first round . Hollande won the runoff with 51.64 % of the vote to Sarkozy 's 48.36 % . The presidential election was followed by a legislative election in June . - The President of the French Republic, is the executive head of state of the French Fifth Republic. The powers, functions and duties of prior presidential offices, and their relation with the first minister and cabinets has over time differed with the various French constitutions. - The euro (sign: ; code: EUR) is the official currency of the eurozone, which consists of 19 of the member states of the European Union: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain. The currency is also officially used by the institutions of the European Union and four other European countries, as well as unilaterally by two others, and is consequently used daily by some 337million Europeans . Outside of Europe, a number of overseas territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency. Given the information, choose the subject and object entities that have the relation of 'office contested'.
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Answer:
french presidential election , president of the french republic