Article: Place a piece of ice in a sealable plastic bag to avoid any water damage caused by drips from the ice. Take a piece of ice and slowly rub all over the gum. The coldness of the ice will harden the gum, making it easier to chip away later. If the leather item is small enough, place it in a plastic bag and then put it in the freezer for about an hour. Putting the item in the freezer will have a similar effect as the ice--the gum will harden and become easier to chip away from the leather. If you don't have a plastic bag, you can rub the ice directly on the gum. Make sure that if the ice drips onto the leather, you wipe it up immediately, as water left on leather for too long can stain it. Use a hard, flat edge to remove the gum from the leather. In a pinch, a fingernail will do the trick, as will a credit card, butter knife or even a metal spoon. Avoid very sharp items or else you may gouge the leather. The hardened gum should scrape off easily. If you chose to put your piece of leather in a bag and into the freezer, remove it and chip it away with a hard, flat-edged tool as listed above. After you have done this, proceed with all of the other steps listed in this method. Use a damp, clean cloth to rub some saddle soap onto the spot where the gum was until you have a light lather on the leather. Clean any remaining spot where the gum was stuck to the leather with the saddle soap lather, using circular motions to rub it into the spot. Scrub any small bits of gum remaining with a soft, dampened toothbrush. The toothbrush bristles will work to dislodge the lathered gum. The gum should be completely removed when you are done with the toothbrush. Wipe off the saddle soap with a second, damp clean cloth. You don't want to wash the lather away with water because water, if left on the leather for too long, will damage the color of the leather. The leather conditioner will help to ensure that there is no discoloration caused by the gum, soap lather, and damp cloth.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Rub the gum with ice. Chip away the hardened gum. Apply some saddle soap to the spot. Use the saddle soap to get rid of any gum remnants. Use a toothbrush for the hard to remove bits. Remove the saddle soap lather. Use a leather conditioner on the spot after it has dried.
Article: It's best to get your flag stand first so you can measure the material to fit. Cut a length of your main flag material to the width of the hanging bar of your flagpole. Most flag poles are around 12 inches (30.5cm) wide on the horizontal pole from which the flag will hang. So cut your flag material to 12 inches (30.5cm) width (or whatever the appropriate measurement it) or very slightly narrower.. Most flag poles are around 18 inches (45.7cm) tall. Allow 4 inches (10.2cm) length for the hanging flap, then cut your flag material an additional 18 inches (45.7cm) long i.e. 22 inches (55.9cm). If you are growing tall plants underneath the flagpole, consider making the flag shorter in length so it will all be visible above the plants. The main thing is that the material should not touch the ground as it will get wet and muddy. You might like to double it the flag length to provide extra weight and make it hang better. Lay your flag material out on a flat surface. If you are doubling up the material, do that now and glue the two sides together along the left, right and bottom sides. At the top of your flag, fold over a 4 inch (10.2cm) piece of material. This will create the pocket that the flag rod will insert into in order to hang your flag. Glue or stitch along the bottom horizontal side of this flap but do not glue the left and right sides as this is where the flap pole will insert into. Now that you have made the main part of your flag, you can do the creative design using the ideas in the section above. Stitch, glue or paint your design onto the flag background you have created. A bright design can work very well, but remember some colors may fade over time.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Measure your material against the flagpole. Decide what vertical length you want your flag to be. Stitch or glue the flag. Decorate your flag.
Article: Include at least four sections in your case study: an introduction, background information explaining why the case study was created, presentation of findings and a conclusion which clearly presents all of the data and references. The introduction should very clearly set the stage. In a detective story, the crime happens right at the beginning and the detective has to put together the information to solve it for the rest of the story. In a case, you can start by raising a question. You could quote someone you interviewed. Make sure to include background information on your study site, why your interviewees are a good sample, and what makes your problem pressing to give your audience a panoramic view of the issue. After you've clearly stated the problem at hand, of course. Include photos or a video if it would benefit your work to be persuasive and personalized. After the reader has all the knowledge needed to understand the problem, present your data. Include customer quotes and data (percentages, awards and findings) if possible to add a personal touch and more credibility to the case presented. Describe for the reader what you learned in your interviews about the problem at this site, how it developed, what solutions have already been proposed and/or tried, and feelings and thoughts of those working or visiting there. You may have to do calculations or extra research yourself to back up any claims. At the end of your analysis, you should offer possible solutions, but don't worry about solving the case itself. You may find referring to some interviewees' statements will do the alluding for you. Let the reader leave with a full grasp of the problem, but trying to come up with their own desire to change it. Feel free to leave the reader with a question, forcing them to think for themselves. If you have written a good case, they will have enough information to understand the situation and have a lively class discussion. Just like you would in any other paper, reference your sources. That's why you got credible ones in the first place. And if you have any information that relates to the study but would have interrupted the flow of the body, include it now. You may have terms that would be hard for other cultures to understand. If this is the case, include it in the appendix or in a Note for the Instructor. As your work is forming, you'll notice that it may morph into an object you didn't otherwise expect. If it does so, make additions and deletions as needed. You may find that information you once thought pertinent is no longer. Or vice versa. Go over your study section by section, but also as a whole. Each data point needs to fit into both it's place and the entirety of the work. If you can't find an appropriate place for something, stick it in the appendix. Now that your paper is formulated, look for minute revisions. As always, correct any grammar, spelling and punctuation errors, but also keep an eye out for flow and transition. Is everything placed and worded as efficiently as possible? Have someone else proofread, too. Your mind may have become oblivious to the errors it has seen 100 times. Another set of eyes may also notice content that has been left open-ended or is otherwise confusing.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Develop and write your case study using the data collected throughout the research, interviewing and analysis processes. Add references and appendices (if any). Make additions and deletions. Edit and proofread your work.