Answer the following question given this paragraph: 22.4 Gas Exchange The behavior of gases can be explained by the principles of Dalton's law and Henry's law, both of which describe aspects of gas exchange. Dalton's law states that each specific gas in a mixture of gases exerts force (its partial pressure) independently of the other gases in the mixture. Henry's law states that the amount of a specific gas that dissolves in a liquid is a function of its partial pressure. The greater the partial pressure of a gas, the more of that gas will dissolve in a liquid, as the gas moves toward equilibrium. Gas molecules move down a pressure gradient; in other words, gas moves from a region of high pressure to a region of low pressure. The partial pressure of oxygen is high in the alveoli and low in the blood of the pulmonary capillaries. As a result, oxygen diffuses across the respiratory membrane from the alveoli into the blood. In contrast, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide is high in the pulmonary capillaries and low in the alveoli. Therefore, carbon dioxide diffuses across the respiratory membrane from the blood into the alveoli. The amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide that diffuses across the respiratory membrane is similar. Ventilation is the process that moves air into and out of the alveoli, and perfusion affects the flow of blood in the capillaries. Both are important in gas exchange, as ventilation must be sufficient to create a high partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli. If ventilation is insufficient and the partial pressure of oxygen drops in the alveolar air, the capillary is constricted and blood flow is redirected to alveoli with sufficient ventilation. External respiration refers to gas exchange that occurs in the alveoli, whereas internal respiration refers to gas exchange that occurs in the tissue. Both are driven by partial pressure differences. Q: Dalton's law and henry's law both describe aspects of what type of exchange? A:

OPTIONS:
- energy
- electron
- liquid
- gas

Answer: gas

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Earthquake: What Does Magnitude Mean? at http://www. livescience. com/20538-earthquake-magnitude-video. html (2:00). Q: What is the strength of an earthquake called? A:

OPTIONS:
- power
- waves
- force
- magnitude

Answer: magnitude

Answer the following question given this paragraph: ART CONNECTION QUESTIONS 1. Figure 5.7 On a hot, dry day, plants close their stomata to conserve water. What impact will this have on photosynthesis?. Q: On a hot, dry day, plants close their stomata to conserve what? A:

OPTIONS:
- sunlight
- air
- cold
- water

Answer: water

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Vacuoles are membrane-bound organelles that can have secretory, excretory, and storage functions. Vacuoles are usually much larger than vesicles. Many organisms will use vacuoles as storage areas and some plant cells have very large vacuoles. The large central vacuole of the plant cell is used for osmotic control (storage of water) and nutrient storage. Contractile vacuoles are found in certain protists. These vacuoles take water from the cytoplasm and excrete it from the cell to avoid bursting due to osmotic pressure. Q: These vacuoles take water from the cytoplasm and excrete it from the cell to avoid bursting due to what? A:

OPTIONS:
- apoptotic pressure
- static pressure
- impervious pressure
- osmotic pressure

Answer:
osmotic pressure