Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Example Input: We determined relationships of the anti-oxidative enzyme, paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), with high density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions, and tested whether these relationships are stronger than those with HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).', 'Serum PON-1 (arylesterase activity) and HDL subfractions (nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) were determined in 67 T2DM patients and in 56 non-diabetic subjects.', 'PON-1 activity, HDL cholesterol and apoA-I were decreased in T2DM (all p<0.05). The HDL particle concentration was unaltered, but large HDL particles, medium HDL particles and HDL particle size were decreased, whereas small HDL particles were increased in T2DM (all p<0.05). PON-1 was more closely related to HDL cholesterol than to apoA-I (p=0.001). In turn, the positive relationship of PON-1 with the HDL particle concentration and with large HDL particles was stronger than that with HDL cholesterol (both p<0.01). The inverse relationship of PON-1 with T2DM was only modestly attenuated by HDL cholesterol or HDL particle characteristics.
Example Output: Is serum paraoxonase-1 activity more closely related to HDL particle concentration and large HDL particles than to HDL cholesterol in Type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic subjects?

Example Input: It is known that enhancement of sympathetic nerve activity based on a decrease in parasympathetic nerve activity is associated with fatigue induced by mental tasks lasting more than 30 min. However, to measure autonomic nerve function and assess fatigue levels in both clinical and industrial settings, shorter experimental durations and more sensitive measurement methods are needed. The aim of the present study was to establish an improved method for inducing fatigue and evaluating the association between it and autonomic nerve activity.', 'Twenty-eight healthy female college students participated in the study. We used a kana pick-out test (KPT) as a brief verbal cognitive task and recorded electrocardiography (ECG) to measure autonomic nerve activity. The experimental design consisted of a 16-min period of ECG: A pre-task resting state with eyes open for 3 min and eyes closed for 3 min, the 4-min KPT, and a post-task resting state with eyes open for 3 min and eyes closed for 3 min.', 'Baseline fatigue sensation, measured by a visual analogue scale before the experiment, was associated with the decrease in parasympathetic sinus modulation, as indicated the by ratio of low-frequency component power (LF) to high-frequency component power (HF), during the KPT. The LF/HF ratio during the post-KPT rest with eyes open tended to be greater than the ratio during the KPT and correlated with fatigue sensation. Fatigue sensation was correlated negatively with log-transformed HF, which is an index of parasympathetic sinus modulation, during the post-KPT rest with eyes open.
Example Output: Does fatigue correlate with the decrease in parasympathetic sinus modulation induced by a cognitive challenge?

Example Input: The medicinal leech is considered as a complementary and appropriate model to study immune functions in the central nervous system (CNS). In a context in which an injured leech's CNS can naturally restore normal synaptic connections, the accumulation of microglia (immune cells of the CNS that are exclusively resident in leeches) has been shown to be essential at the lesion to engage the axonal sprouting. HmC1q (Hm for Hirudo medicinalis) possesses chemotactic properties that are important in the microglial cell recruitment by recognizing at least a C1q binding protein (HmC1qBP alias gC1qR).", 'Recombinant forms of C1q were used in affinity purification and in vitro chemotaxis assays. Anti-calreticulin antibodies were used to neutralize C1q-mediated chemotaxis and locate the production of calreticulin in leech CNS.', 'A newly characterized leech calreticulin (HmCalR) has been shown to interact with C1q and participate to the HmC1q-dependent microglia accumulation. HmCalR, which has been detected in only some microglial cells, is consequently a second binding protein for HmC1q, allowing the chemoattraction of resident microglia in the nerve repair process.
Example Output:
Does calreticulin contribute to C1q-dependent recruitment of microglia in the leech Hirudo medicinalis following a CNS injury?