input: The American Mathematical Society (AMS) is an association of professional mathematicians dedicated to the interests of mathematical research and scholarship, and serves the national and international community through its publications, meetings, advocacy and other programs.

The society is one of the four parts of the Joint Policy Board for Mathematics and a member of the Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences.

It was founded in 1888 as the "New York Mathematical Society", the brainchild of Thomas Fiske, who was impressed by the "London Mathematical Society" on a visit to England. John Howard Van Amringe was the first president and Fiske became secretary. The society soon decided to publish a journal, but ran into some resistance, due to concerns about competing with the American Journal of Mathematics. The result was the "Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society", with Fiske as editor-in-chief. The de facto journal, as intended, was influential in increasing membership. The popularity of the "Bulletin" soon led to Transactions of the American Mathematical Society and Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, which were also "de facto" journals.

In 1891 Charlotte Scott became the first woman to join the society. The society reorganized under its present name and became a national society in 1894, and that year Scott served as the first woman on the first Council of the American Mathematical Society. 1. What does AMS stand for?
2. What was it originally known as?
3. Who created it?
4. When?
5. What does it exist to do?
6. Can you name one way it does that?
7. Who was the first president of the organization?
8. What was the name of their journal?
9. Was everyone happy about that?
10. How many parts of the Joint Policy Board for Mathematics is it?
11. Where did they hold a membership?
12. Where did Fiske visit that where he found a similar organization?
13. Did it give him inspiration?
14. Who was the first female member?
15. When?
16. When did they rebuild the organization?
17. And what did they become at that time?
18. Was Scott also the first female on the Council of the American Mathematical Society?
19. Which council was that?
20. Does the AMS have scholarships? Return numbered answers in your output.

output: 1. American Mathematical Society
2. "New York Mathematical Society
3. Thomas Fiske,
4. 1888
5. serves the national and international community
6. through its publications
7. . John Howard Van Amringe
8. Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society
9. no
10. four parts
11. the Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences
12. London
13. yes
14. Charlotte Scott
15. 1891
16. 1894
17. American Mathematical Society
18. Yes
19. the first Council of the American Mathematical Society
20. Yes

input: What is the hottest English word of 2013? It's "selfie", according to Oxford dictionaries. Selfie is a photo that one takes of oneself, according to the Oxford online dictionary. People usually take selfies with a smartphone and send them to a social media website. The word was first used in 2002. In the past 12 months, its frequency in the English language has increased by 17,000 percent, said Oxford dictionaries. Now, almost everybody knows it. "Almost every day, I take a photo of myself at school, and save it in my Qzone (QQ)," said Huang Xu, 13, from Hunan. These photos record her happy and sad moments. Pop stars also take a lot of selfies. Li Chunping, 14, from Harbin, is a big fan of Yang Mi. "She has used many selfies to tell us what's going on in her personal life," said Li. What makes people love selfies? Some people say it's narcissism . "The rise of the selfie is a perfect symbol for our narcissistic culture. We're crying out: Look at me!" said US psychiatrist Carole Lieberman. Young people are using selfies to make friends online, Jonathan Freedland wrote in The Guardian. "The usual purpose of taking a selfie is to share online. They express a human need to connect with others," wrote Freedland. Huang Xu agrees with that. "During summer vacation, my classmates and I shared many selfies online. Hair or clothes were not our interests. Through these photos, we got to know each other's holidays and feelings," said Huang Xu. 1. What term is the subject of the article?
2. What was it declared as?
3. According to who?
4. When was it first used?
5. What does the term mean?
6. What culture is it fitting for?
7. What is one of the main reasons to take a selfie?
8. What message do they send?
9. IS there a need that is conveyed?
10. What is it?
11. Who claimed this?
12. Where was this quoted?
13. Are style and trends what one looks at in selfies?
14. What do they get from the photos?
15. What do the photos record?
16. Who takes a lot of selfies?
17. Do famous people?
18. Any in particular mentioned?
19. Why does she take them?
20. Has there been an increase in the use of the term? Return numbered answers in your output.

output: 1. selfie
2. the hottest English word of 2013
3. Oxford dictionaries.
4. 2002.
5. a photo that one takes of oneself,
6. our narcissistic culture.
7. to share online.
8. Look at me!"
9. Yes
10. a human need to connect with others
11. Jonathan Freedland.
12. The Guardian
13. No
14. to know each other's holidays and feelings
15. happy and sad moments.
16. Huang Xu,
17. Yes
18. Yang Mi
19. to tell us what's going on in her personal life,
20. Yes

input: CHAPTER XI

FUN AT PUTNAM HALL

"Back to Putnam Hall at last!"

"Yes, boys, back at last! Hurrah for the dear old school, and all the boys in it!"

Peleg Snuggers, the general utility man of the Hall, had just brought the boys up from Cedarville, to which place they had journeyed from Ithaca on the regular afternoon boat running up Cayuga Lake. With the Rovers had come Fred Garrison, Larry Colby, and several others of their old school chums.

(For the doings of the Putnam Hall students previous to the arrival at that institution of the Rover boys, see The Putnam Hall Series, the first volume of which is entitled, "The Putnam Hall Cadets."--PUBLISHERS)

"Glad to welcome you back, boys!" exclaimed Captain Victor Putnam, a pleasant smile on his face. He shook hands all around. "Did you have a nice trip?"

"Splendid, sir," said Tom. "Oh, how do you do, Mr. Strong?" and he ran to meet the head teacher. He could not help but think of how different things were now to when he had first arrived at Putnam Hall the year previous, and Josiah Crabtree had locked him up in the guardroom for exploding a big firecracker in honor of the occasion.

"Well, Thomas, I hope you have left all your pranks behind," observed George Strong. "How about it?" And his eyes twinkled.

"Oh, I'm going in for study this session," answered Tom demurely. And then he winked at Larry on the sly. But his words did not deceive George Strong, who understood only too well Tom's propensity for mischief. 1. where were they returning to?
2. where?
3. from where?
4. what were they doing there?
5. who went?
6. Is Putnam hall their school?
7. were they happy to be back?
8. who is the prankster?
9. Was Tom going to study?
10. who did he wink at?
11. who is the lead instructor?
12. what was a prank that Tom played?
13. why did he do that?
14. what occasion?
15. who is the school janitor?
16. who was waiting to greet the boys upon their return?
17. was he happy to see them?
18. what did he say?
19. Did he give hugs?
20. then what? Return numbered answers in your output.

output:
1. to meet the head teacher
2. Putnam Hall
3. from Cedarville
4. journeyed from Ithaca on the regular afternoon boat
5. Peleg Snuggers, the general utility man of the Hall, had just brought the boys up from Cedarville, to which place they had journeyed from Ithaca on the regular afternoon boat running up Cayuga Lake. With the Rovers had come Fred Garrison, Larry Colby, and several others of their old school chums.
6. Yes
7. unknown
8. Thomas
9. Yes
10. Larry
11. George Strong
12. exploding a big firecracker
13. in honor of the occasion.
14. when he had first arrived at Putnam Hall the year previous
15. Peleg Snuggers
16. Captain Victor Putnam,
17. Yes
18. "Glad to welcome you back, boys!"
19. No
20. He shook hands all around