Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Learn to say "no". Don't engage in dependent relationships. Create boundaries.

Answer: Saying "no" is empowering and allows you to be in control of your life without trying to please other people. So why is it so hard to say no? Saying no takes some practice, so start noticing when you're fearful to say no and practice saying "no" in the mirror to get more comfortable with those words. When saying no, make it clear that you are saying no to the request, not to the individual. Don't feel obligated to commit to something on the spot. Say, "Can I have a moment to think this decision over and get back to you?" If someone is being pushy, be just as resolute at saying no. Say, "I know you won't give up easily, but I am not going to change my mind." Know that people ask you for favors or to do projects because they believe in you. Always say "thank you for thinking of me", even when you politely decline. You may continue to have this person in your life because there's some benefit in it for you. This person may be a romantic partner whom you live with or share finances, or you may need that person to boost you up when you feel down. You may feel fearful of this person leaving you and have a fear of abandonment, even if you're unhappy in the relationship. Ask yourself what benefits you receive from the relationship, whether they be physical (companionship, monetary needs, sex), emotional (someone to talk to, a sense of belonging), and related to feeling dependent. Ask yourself, "Is this relationship fair to this person? Is it fair to me?" If you have fears of abandonment, do some inner work and resolve the trauma of abandonment. You can also Find a Therapist. You may need to discuss appropriate boundaries with this person. Decide what boundaries you want to enforce, and ask yourself how each boundary will benefit you and the relationship. Thinking of the benefits will help you commit to keeping the boundary and not feel guilty about enforcing it. Affirm each boundary with positive statements. "Even though this person may be unhappy with this boundary, I have the right to decide how to spend my time, energy, and resources." You may be with a partner who always wants to hear that she is beautiful, that you love her, and that you only have eyes for him. If you're not emotionally open or ready for that kind of relationship, let him or her know. Say, "I am not in a position to give you all of the things you want." Remember that you have control over your life. If someone drains you, it's time to create some boundaries.

Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Understand the economic concept of utility. Find the total utility from consuming a certain number of goods. Find the total utility from consuming a different number of goods. Calculate MU.

Answer: Utility is the "value" or "satisfaction" that a consumer gets from consuming a certain number of goods. A good way of thinking of it is that utility is how much money a consumer would hypothetically pay for the satisfaction provided by a good. For example, let's say that you are hungry and are buying fish to eat for supper. Let's also say that one fish costs $2. If you're so hungry that you would pay $8 for the fish, the fish is said to provide $8 worth of utility. In other words, you're willing to pay $8 to get the satisfaction from the fish no matter what it actually costs. Total utility is just the concept of utility applied to more than one good. If consuming one good gives you a certain amount of utility, consuming more than one of the same good will give you an amount that is higher, lower, or the same. For example, let's say that you plan to eat two fish. However, after eating the first fish, you're not quite as hungry as before. Now, you'd only pay $6 for the extra satisfaction of the second fish. It's not worth as much to you now that you're somewhat full. This means the two fish provide $6 + $8 (first fish) = $14 of "total utility" together. Note that it doesn't matter whether or not you actually buy the second fish. MU is only concerned with what you would pay for it. In real life, economists use complex mathematical models to predict what consumers hypothetically would pay for something. To find MU, you need two different total utility measurements. You'll use the difference between them to make your MU calculation. Let's say that, in the example situation in Step 2, you decide that you're hungry enough to eat four whole fish. After the second fish, you're feeling a little full, so you would only pay about $3 for the next fish. After the third fish, you're almost completely full, so you would only pay $1 for the final fish. The satisfaction you would get from it is almost cancelled out by the feeling of being uncomfortably full. You can say that the four fish provide a total utility of $8 + $6 + $3 + $1 = $18. Divide the difference in total utility over the difference in units. The answer you get will be the marginal utility, or the utility given by each additional unit consumed.In the example situation, you would calculate your MU as follows: $18 - $14 (example from Step 2) = $4 4 (fish) - 2 (fish) = 2 $4/2 = $2 This means that, between the second and the fourth fish, each extra fish is only worth $2 of utility to you. This is an average value; the third fish is actually worth $3 and the fourth is actually worth $1, of course.

Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Avoid douching and using personal hygiene sprays. Stick to plain, fragrance-free products. Be cautious of hot tubs and swimming pools. Stay hydrated. Exercise regularly. Eat good fats and soy. Quit smoking. Stop taking medications that worsen the condition.

Answer: Douches and feminine sprays are marketed towards women as products that promote cleanliness. The vagina, however, is a self-cleaning part of your body. Stay away from these types of products if you have vaginal dryness, as they can worsen the problem. Plain warm water is enough to clean your vagina. Don't use soap or other cleansers on the outside or inside of your vagina. Bubble bath, scented soaps and lotions, and laundry detergent can all worsen dryness because they contain harsh chemicals. Use plain, unscented products whenever possible. Try natural laundry detergent, and skip using dryer sheets. Public swimming areas contain high amounts of chlorine, which is very drying to your skin. Avoid spending a lot of time in pools and hot tubs, or at least rinse your vagina well with cool, plain water afterwards. Dehydration can contribute to vaginal dryness, so ensure you stay well hydrated throughout the day. Aim to drink 9 cups (2.7 liters) of fluids daily. Drink more if you sweat a lot, work out, or live in a hot climate. Water, juice, and tea count towards your fluids. Get regular exercise to help keep your hormones in balance. Aerobic workouts are those that increase your heart rate and breathing rate. Walking, slow jogging, biking, and swimming are good options. Aim to get at least 30 minutes of aerobic activity at least 5 days per week. Omega-3 fatty acids and products like flaxseed oil and soy have estrogen-like qualities, which may help improve vaginal dryness. Eat fatty fish like salmon or mackerel several times per week, and incorporate soy products into your diet. You can also try taking oral probiotics to improve vaginal health. Find these as capsules at your pharmacy, or eat yogurt with live cultures. Nicotine dependence can cause or worsen vaginal dryness. Stop smoking now to help improve your symptoms. Some antidepressants, cold medicine, and allergy pills can dry out mucous membranes including the sensitive skin in your vagina. Make a list of your medications to take to your doctor. Discuss whether any of your medicines might be worsening your problem, and whether you can switch to a different medication. Never stop taking your medicine without your doctor's supervision.

Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Add uncertain measurements. Subtract uncertain measurements. Multiply uncertain measurements. Divide uncertain measurements. Increase an uncertain measurement exponentially.

Answer:
To add uncertain measurements, simply add the measurements and add their uncertainties: (5 cm .2 cm) + (3 cm .1 cm) = (5 cm + 3 cm) (.2 cm +. 1 cm) = 8 cm .3 cm To subtract uncertain measurements, simply subtract the measurements while still adding their uncertainties: (10 cm .4 cm) - (3 cm .2 cm) = (10 cm - 3 cm) (.4 cm +. 2 cm) = 7 cm .6 cm To multiply uncertain measurements, simply multiply the measurements while adding their RELATIVE uncertainties (as a percentage): Calculating uncertainties with multiplication does not work with absolute values (like we had in addition and subtraction), but with relative ones. You get the relative uncertainty by dividing the absolute uncertainty with a measured value and multiplying by 100 to get percentage. For example: (6 cm .2 cm) = (.2 / 6) x 100 and add a% sign. That is 3.3% Therefore: (6 cm .2 cm) x (4 cm .3 cm) = (6 cm 3.3% ) x (4 cm 7.5%) (6 cm x 4 cm) (3.3 + 7.5) = 24 cm 10.8% = 24 cm 2.6 cm To divide uncertain measurements, simply divide the measurements while adding their RELATIVE uncertainties:The process is the same as in multiplication! (10 cm .6 cm) (5 cm .2 cm) = (10 cm 6%) (5 cm 4%) (10 cm 5 cm) (6% + 4%) = 2 cm 10% = 2 cm 0.2 cm To increase an uncertain measurement exponentially, simply raise the measurement to the designated power, and then multiply the relative uncertainty by that power: (2.0 cm 1.0 cm)3 = (2.0 cm)3 (50%) x 3 = 8.0 cm3 150% or 8.0 cm3 12 cm3