Problem: Article: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may be prescribed in very severe cases of depression, people who are acutely suicidal, people experiencing psychosis or catatonia in addition to depression, or people who have not responded to other treatment. The treatment begins with a mild anesthetic, followed by several shocks delivered to the brain. ECT has the highest response rate of any antidepressant therapy (70%-90% of patients respond). Some limitations of ECT use include the stigma associated with it, as well as potential side effects, including cardiovascular effects and cognitive effects (such as short-term memory loss). Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) uses a magnetic coil to stimulate the brain. It is approved by the FDA for use in people with major depressive disorders who do not respond to medication., Treatment is required daily, which makes is difficult for the average person to undergo. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a relatively new treatment that requires implantation of a device for stimulating the vagus nerve, a component of the autonomic nervous system. It is approved for use in people who do not respond to medication., Data on the effectiveness of VNS is limited and there are potential side effects associated with having a medical device implanted, including interference with other medical devices., Deep-brain stimulation (DBS) is an experimental treatment and has not been approved by the FDA. It requires the implantation of a medical device that is used to stimulate a part of the brain called "Area 25." There is limited information on the effectiveness of DBS. As an experimental treatment, DBS would only be used if other treatments failed or were not an option. Neurofeedback aims to "re-train" the brain when a person with depression shows a particular pattern of brain activity. Newer forms of neurofeedback are being developed using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques. Neurofeedback can be costly and requires a lot of time. Insurance companies may not pay for this procedure.
Summary: Have your therapist prescribe electroconvulsive therapy. Try transcranial magnetic stimulation. Try vagus nerve stimulation. Try deep-brain stimulation. Try neurofeedback.

Problem: Article: Get silly together. Play some music and silly dance. Rent a funny movie and watch it with them. Tell them some funny jokes. Reminisce about funny memories you share together. Offer to go shopping together. That can be a fun venture. Offer to take them to lunch to talk or to get her around other people. Consider your friend's personality and hobbies. Ask yourself, "What can I do to encourage my friend and distract them? What do they enjoy doing?" Your friend may initially decline your invitation. They may tell you that they're not up to going anywhere. Encourage them and tell them that they don't need to be alone during this sad time, and that getting around other people would be good for them. The gift could be something as simple as a small box of candy, a bottle of scented lotions, or her favorite flowers. A sincere card that addresses their specific issue is appreciated as well. Any of those items will tell your friend that you appreciate them and that you're thinking of them in her time of need. This will also help them get her mind off of their problems, if only temporarily. Your action gives your friend evidence that there are people in the world who care about her pain and want to help. Your friend will remember what you did for them when they're alone and sad.
Summary: Make them laugh. Offer to take them somewhere fun. Buy them a nice gift or card.

Problem: Article: By relying on mathematical calculations, your graph does not need to be as neatly drawn. You do not need to determine any measurement scale. Just sketch a ray in the general direction of your vector. Label your sketched vector with its magnitude and the angle that it makes from the horizontal. For example, consider a rocket that's being fired upwards at a 60-degree angle, at a velocity of 1,500 meters (5,000ft) per second. You would sketch a ray that points diagonally upward. Label its length "1500 m/s" and label its base angle "60." The diagram shown above indicates a force vector of 5 Newtons at an angle of 37 degrees from the horizontal. Sketch a horizontal ray beginning at the base of your original vector, pointing in the same direction (left or right) as the original. This represents the horizontal component of the original vector. Sketch a vertical ray that connects the head of your horizontal vector to the head of your original angled vector. This represents the vertical component of the original vector. A vector's horizontal and vertical components represent a theoretical, mathematical way of breaking a force into 2 parts. Imagine the child's toy Etch-a-Sketch, with the separate "Vertical" and "Horizontal" drawing knobs. If you drew a line using only the "Vertical" knob and then followed with a line using only the "Horizontal" knob, you would end at the same spot as if you had turned both knobs together at exactly the same speeds. This illustrates how a horizontal and vertical force can act simultaneously on an object. Because the components of a vector create a right triangle, you can use trigonometric calculations to get precise measurements of the components. Use the equation: sin=verticalhypotenuse{\displaystyle \sin heta ={
rac { ext{vertical}}{ ext{hypotenuse}}}} For the missile example, you can calculate the vertical component by substituting the values that you know, and then simplifying, as follows: sin=verticalhypotenuse{\displaystyle \sin heta ={
rac { ext{vertical}}{ ext{hypotenuse}}}} sin(60)=vertical1500{\displaystyle \sin(60)={
rac { ext{vertical}}{1500}}} 1500sin(60)=vertical{\displaystyle 1500\sin(60)={ ext{vertical}}} 15000.866=vertical{\displaystyle 1500*0.866={ ext{vertical}}} 1,299{\displaystyle 1,299} Label your result with the appropriate units. In this case, the vertical component represents an upward speed of 1,299 meters (4,000ft) per second. The diagram above shows an alternate example, calculating the components of a force of 5 Newtons at a 37 degree angle. Using the sine function, the vertical force is calculated to be 3 Newtons. In the same way that you use sine to calculate the vertical component, you can use cosine to find the magnitude of the horizontal component. Use the equation: cos=horizontalhypotenuse{\displaystyle \cos heta ={
rac { ext{horizontal}}{ ext{hypotenuse}}}} Use the details from the missile example to find its horizontal component as follows: cos=horizontalhypotenuse{\displaystyle \cos heta ={
rac { ext{horizontal}}{ ext{hypotenuse}}}} cos(60)=horizontal1500{\displaystyle \cos(60)={
rac { ext{horizontal}}{1500}}} 1500cos(60)=horizontal{\displaystyle 1500\cos(60)={ ext{horizontal}}} 15000.5=horizontal{\displaystyle 1500*0.5={ ext{horizontal}}} 750{\displaystyle 750} Label your result with the appropriate units. In this case, the horizontal component represents a forward (or left, right, backward) speed of 750 meters (2,000ft) per second. The diagram above shows an alternate example, calculating the components of a force of 5 Newtons at a 37 degree angle. Using the cosine function, the horizontal force is calculated to be 4 Newtons.
Summary:
Construct a rough sketch of the original vector. Sketch and label the component vectors. Use the sine function to calculate the vertical component. Use the cosine function to calculate the horizontal component.