In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Example Input: Context: Collagenous colitis (CC) is a major cause of chronic non-bloody diarrhoea, particularly in the elderly female population. The aetiology of CC is unknown, and still poor is the understanding of its pathogenesis. This possibly involves dysregulated inflammation and immune-mediated reactions in genetically predisposed individuals, but the contribution of genetic factors to CC is underinvestigated. We systematically tested immune-related genes known to impact the risk of several autoimmune diseases for their potential CC-predisposing role.', 'Three independent cohorts of histologically confirmed CC cases (N=314) and controls (N=4299) from Sweden and Germany were included in a 2-step association analysis. Immunochip and targeted single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype data were produced, respectively, for discovery and replication purposes. Classical human leucocyte antigen (HLA) variants at 2-digit and 4-digit resolution were obtained via imputation from single marker genotypes. SNPs and HLA variants passing quality control filters were tested for association with CC with logistic regression adjusting for age, sex and country of origin.', 'Forty-two markers gave rise to genome-wide significant association signals, all contained within the HLA region on chromosome 6 (best p=4.210\Question: Does dense genotyping of immune-related loci identify HLA variants associated with increased risk of collagenous colitis?
Example Output: HLA genotype associates with CC, thus implicating HLA-related immune mechanisms in its pathogenesis.

Example Input: Context: Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a pervasive and difficult to treat condition for which deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subcallosal cingulate white matter (SCCwm) is an emerging therapeutic option. However, neuropsychological safety data for this novel treatment have only been published for a small number of subjects. Moreover, little is known regarding the neuropsychological profile present in TRD patients at baseline, prior to initiation of DBS therapy. This report describes the neuropsychological effects of TRD and acute and chronic DBS of the SCCwm in patients with unipolar and bipolar TRD.', 'Patients with TRD (N = 17) were compared to a healthy control group (N = 15) on subtests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery and the Stroop Task. Patients were then tested again at subsequent time points of 1 and 6 months following the initiation of chronic DBS of the SCCwm.', 'Patients with TRD showed similar levels of performance to healthy controls on most neuropsychological measures, with the exception that the TRD group had slower processing speed. Patients with bipolar TRD, relative to those with unipolar TRD, obtained lower scores on measures of executive function and memory only at baseline. With acute and chronic SCCwm DBS, neuropsychological function improved in multiple domains including processing speed and executive function (planning, set shifting, response inhibition), and memory remained stable.\Question: Do neuropsychological function before and after subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation in patients with treatment-resistant depression?
Example Output: Patients with TRD show slowed processing speed but otherwise largely preserved neuropsychological functioning. DBS of the SCCwm does not result in worsening of any aspect of neuropsychological function and may improve certain domains. Future research is warranted to better understand the effects of TRD and DBS on neuropsychological function.

Example Input: Context: Malnutrition is prevalent in elders with pressure ulcers and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This study compared nutritional status, assessed by the Mini Nutrition Assessment (MNA), to immune function in nursing home elders with pressure ulcers.', 'Nutritional status was assessed in nursing home residents (>65 years) with a stage II or more severe pressure ulcer. Subjects were classified as well nourished, at risk of malnutrition, or malnourished according to MNA score. Blood was drawn to assess whole blood mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and neutrophil respiratory burst. Delayed-type hypersensitivity to 3 antigens was measured. MNA status was compared with immune parameters using the Kruskall-Wallis test.', 'Of the 24 subjects (23 men, 1 woman) who completed the study protocol, only 4 (17%) were classified as well nourished, whereas 7 (29%) were at risk and 13 (54%) were malnourished according to MNA score. Whole blood lymphocyte proliferation was significantly lower in the malnourished vs at risk subjects with both pokeweed (median [25th, 75th percentile], 0.6 [0.3, 0.9] vs 1.8 [1.2, 2.1] disintegrations per minute [dpm]/cell, p < .05); and concanavalin A (1.7 [0.9, 2.0] vs 2.8 [2.6, 3.9] dpm/cell, p < .05) mitogens. Neutrophil respiratory burst normalized to a young control was significantly lower in malnourished subjects vs well-nourished subjects (0.8 [0.5, 0.9] vs 1.4 [1.0, 1.7], p < .05). Total induration to 3 skin-test antigens was 13.4 +/- 4.6, 3.5 +/- 2.6, and 3.8 +/- 1.8 (mean +/- SEM) for well-nourished, at risk, and malnourished, respectively (p = .059).\Question: Is immune function impaired with a mini nutritional assessment score indicative of malnutrition in nursing home elders with pressure ulcers?
Example Output:
Immune function is impaired with an MNA score indicative of malnutrition in nursing home elders with pressure ulcers.