Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Neurogenesis At one time, scientists believed that people were born with all the neurons they would ever have. Research performed during the last few decades indicates that neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons, continues into adulthood. Neurogenesis was first discovered in songbirds that produce new neurons while learning songs. For mammals, new neurons also play an important role in learning: about 1,000 new neurons develop in the hippocampus (a brain structure involved in learning and memory) each day. While most of the new neurons will die, researchers found that an increase in the number of surviving new neurons in the hippocampus correlated with how well rats learned a new task. Interestingly, both exercise and some antidepressant medications also promote neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Stress has the opposite effect. While neurogenesis is quite limited compared to regeneration in other tissues, research in this area may lead to new treatments for disorders such as Alzheimer's, stroke, and epilepsy. How do scientists identify new neurons? A researcher can inject a compound called bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) into the brain of an animal. While all cells will be exposed to BrdU, BrdU will only be incorporated into the DNA of newly generated cells that are in S phase. A technique called immunohistochemistry can be used to attach a fluorescent label to the incorporated BrdU, and a researcher can use fluorescent microscopy to visualize the presence of BrdU, and thus new neurons, in brain tissue (Figure 16.20). Q: What was first discovered in songbirds that produce new neurons while learning songs? A:
OPTIONS:
- proteins
- Brain Cord
- homeostasis
- neurogenesis
Answer: neurogenesis

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What conducts nerve-like electrical signals that help integrate whole-plant function? A:
OPTIONS:
- the stem
- the stamen
- the spicule
- the ploem
output: the ploem

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: An ionic bond is electrostatic in nature. Q: What is an ionic bond in nature? A:

OPTIONS:
- magnetic
- radioactive
- kinetic
- electrostatic

A: electrostatic

input: OPTIONS:
- alkaline
- polar
- acidic
- nonpolar Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The same principles govern the solubilities of molecular solids in liquids. For example, elemental sulfur is a solid consisting of cyclic S8 molecules that have no dipole moment. Because the S8 rings in solid sulfur are held to other rings by London dispersion forces, elemental sulfur is insoluble in water. It is, however, soluble in nonpolar solvents that have comparable London dispersion forces, such as CS2 (23 g/100 mL). In contrast, glucose contains five OH groups that can form hydrogen bonds. Consequently, glucose is very soluble in water (91 g/120 mL of water) but essentially insoluble in nonpolar solvents such as benzene. The structure of one isomer of glucose is shown here. Q: What type of solvents is glucose insoluble in? A:
A:
output: nonpolar

Answer the following question given this paragraph: AM radio waves are used to carry commercial radio signals in the frequency range from 540 to 1600 kHz. The abbreviation AM stands for amplitude modulation, which is the method for placing information on these waves. (See Figure 24.12. ) A carrier wave having the basic frequency of the radio station, say 1530 kHz, is varied or modulated in amplitude by an audio signal. The resulting wave has a constant frequency, but a varying amplitude. A radio receiver tuned to have the same resonant frequency as the carrier wave can pick up the signal, while rejecting the many other frequencies impinging on its antenna. The receiver's circuitry is designed to respond to variations in amplitude of the carrier wave to replicate the original audio signal. That audio signal is amplified to drive a speaker or perhaps to be recorded. Q: What type of radio waves exist in the 540 to 1600 khz frequency range? A:

OPTIONS:
- microwaves
- sound waves
- fm radio waves
- am radio waves

Answer: am radio waves

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The monosaccharide glucose is broken down through a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions known as glycolysis. Q: The monosaccharide glucose is broken down through a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions known as what? A:

OPTIONS:
- Digestion
- Respiration
- photosynthesis
- glycolysis

A:
glycolysis