Answer the following question given this paragraph: Carbohydrate Digestion The average American diet is about 50 percent carbohydrates, which may be classified according to the number of monomers they contain of simple sugars (monosaccharides and disaccharides) and/or complex sugars (polysaccharides). Glucose, galactose, and fructose are the three monosaccharides that are commonly consumed and are readily absorbed. Your digestive system is also able to break down the disaccharide sucrose (regular table sugar: glucose + fructose), lactose (milk sugar: glucose + galactose), and maltose (grain sugar: glucose + glucose), and the polysaccharides glycogen and starch (chains of monosaccharides). Your bodies do not produce enzymes that can break down most fibrous polysaccharides, such as cellulose. While indigestible polysaccharides do not provide any nutritional value, they do provide dietary fiber, which helps propel food through the alimentary canal. The chemical digestion of starches begins in the mouth and has been reviewed above. In the small intestine, pancreatic amylase does the 'heavy lifting' for starch and carbohydrate digestion (Figure 23.29). After amylases break down starch into smaller fragments, the brush border enzyme -dextrinase starts working on dextrin, breaking off one glucose unit at a time. Three brush border enzymes hydrolyze sucrose, lactose, and maltose into monosaccharides. Sucrase splits sucrose into one molecule of fructose and one molecule of glucose; maltase breaks down maltose and maltotriose into two and three glucose molecules, respectively; and lactase breaks down lactose into one molecule of glucose and one molecule of galactose. Insufficient lactase can lead to lactose intolerance. Q: Making ups about 50 percent of the modern american diet, what food group can be classified according to the number of monomers they contain of simple sugars and/or complex sugars? Choices: - proteins - fats - grains - carbohydrates A:
carbohydrates
Answer the following question given this paragraph: A: The weakest acid on the scale is milk, which has a pH value between 6.5 and 6.8. The strongest base on the scale is liquid drain cleaner, which has a pH of 14. Q: Is an acid lower or higher than 7 on the ph scale? Choices: - exactly 7 - higher than 7 - twice as much as 7 - lower than 7 A:
lower than 7
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: People have long known that offspring are similar to their parents. Whether it's puppies or people, offspring and parents usually share many traits. However, before Gregor Mendel's research, people didn't know how parents pass traits to their offspring. Q: Whether it's puppies or people, offspring and parents usually share many of what? Choices: - clothes - insects - fruits - traits A:
A: traits
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Opposite charges attract, and like charges repel. Q: What do opposite charges do to one another? Choices: - strengthen - weaken - repel - attract A:
Answer: attract
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: There are 44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes in the human genome, for a total of 46 chromosomes (23 pairs). Sex chromosomes specify an organism's genetic sex. Humans can have two different sex chromosomes, one called X and the other Y. Normal females possess two X chromosomes and normal males one X and one Y. An autosome is any chromosome other than a sex chromosome. The Figure below shows a representation of the 24 different human chromosomes. Figure below shows a karyotype of the human genome. A karyotype depicts, usually in a photograph, the chromosomal complement of an individual, including the number of chromosomes and any large chromosomal abnormalities. Karyotypes use chromosomes from the metaphase stage of mitosis. Q: Ectotherms undergo a variety of changes at the cellular level to acclimatize to shifts in what? Choices: - density - volume - altitude - temperature A:
**Answer**
temperature
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Answer the following question given this paragraph: Most mid-ocean ridges are located deep below the sea. The island of Iceland sits right on the Mid-Atlantic ridge ( Figure below ). Q: On which ridge does iceland sit? Choices: - Arctic circle - Antarctic ridge - Pacific rim - mid-atlantic ridge A:
**Answer**
mid-atlantic ridge