Problem: Article: To edit the story effectively, you need to try to read it with a fresh perspective. You may need to take a break and put the story away for a few days so you can think about other things or other stories. Then, after a few days, pull it out again and read it to yourself with fresh eyes. You may be surprised at how different it reads to you after you have not been staring at it for several hours straight. You may also try working on another piece of writing or doing a relaxing activity to get your mind off of the short story. Once you feel you have almost forgotten about the short story entirely, pull it out again and read it. This will help you see it from a fresh perspective and edit it from a fresh point of view. You should read the short story aloud to hear how it sounds on the page. This can help you identify basic issues like misspelled words or grammatical errors. It can also allow you to listen to the story and make sure you are writing for the ear. A good story will sound as good when read out loud as it does on the page. You may read the story out loud several times to get a sense of how the voice and tone works in the piece. You may use a pen to mark down sections or moments that do not sound clear or strong when read out loud. Tighten up your language so it feels intentional and strong. Read each sentence in the short story and remove any words that seem unnecessary or excessive. Often, you can remove adverbs or more than one adjective in a sentence to make it stronger. You may also try trimming down the words in each sentence so they are clear and easy to read. For example, you may have the following sentence in your story: "He raced through the crowded, bustling street to catch the smelly, congested number 1 bus." This sentence may be more effective if you cut out one to two adjectives. You may edit it to read: "He raced through the crowded street to catch the number 1 bus." You should also check for any sentences that are long winded or run on sentences. Often, if a sentence goes over three to four lines on a page, it is too long. You may need to balance the narrative voice of the short story with your edits. This means perhaps leaving in longer sentences if this is the style and voice of the piece. If you do leave in longer sentences, make sure they feel intentional and purposeful. Check that your short story is not littered with cliches, as this is often a sign the writing is not as strong as it could be. A cliche is a phrase that has become so familiar, it has lost its meaning. You should replace cliche phrases in your short story with descriptions that feel specific to your characters and your setting. Make sure all the details in your short story are unique, as this will make it that much stronger. For example, you may have the phrase "She was as smart as a whip" in your short story. This is a cliche phrase that does not tell the reader much about the character. You may replace the cliche phrase with a more unique phrase, such as, "She excelled in school and could size someone up right away." The second phrase tells the reader that the character is smart by describing her specific qualities, rather than relying on a cliche. If your short story contains dialogue, you should read it over and make sure it comes across as clear and concise. Confusing dialogue or dialogue that is too vague can weaken your story overall. Try reading the dialogue in your story out loud. Ask yourself, Does this dialogue feel true to the characters? Can I make this dialogue stronger and more engaging for the reader? When you are reviewing the dialogue in your story, make sure you are using "said" as a tag in the dialogue. For example, you may write, "'Where is he?' she said" or "'I'm out,' he said." Avoid using verbs as dialogue tags in your story, as this can be confusing for the reader. For example, rather than write, "'I hate this place,' she scoffed", you may write, "'I hate this place,' she said." You should read over your short story to make sure you are always showing the reader what is happening in the scene or in the moment. Avoid explaining or telling the reader what is going on, as this can deaden the emotional impact of the story. Instead, always describe the movements of the characters and include details of the scene as the characters move around in a space. This ensure your writing is engaging and compelling for the reader. For example, rather than write, "She hated the house. She wanted to move to New York," you may show this detail instead. You may write, "The house had bad plumbing and a wet, rotting smell. New York will be better than this place, she thought to herself as she close the door behind her."
Summary: Come to the story with fresh eyes. Read the story out loud. Trim or remove any excess words. Replace cliche phrases with unique ones. Make sure your dialogue is clear and concise. Check that you are showing, not telling.

Problem: Article: If you go straight from school to studying, you may feel burnt out and struggle to concentrate. Taking half an hour to prepare your mind and body for a study session can help you study more effectively. Go for a short walk before beginning to study. Stretching by walking can help your body loosen up and clear your mind in preparation of studying. If you're hungry, eat before studying but stick to a light snack or a small meal. Eating a heavy meal before studying can result in sleepiness. This can make it difficult to concentrate on studying. The mindset you have going into studying can affect the effectiveness of your study session. Work on fostering a positive mindset going into each study session. Think positively when you study. Remind yourself that you are building new skills and abilities. Do not get discouraged if you struggle with something. Remind yourself you're studying because you need to improve so it's okay if you don't understand some material. Do not engage in catastrophic or absolute thinking. Catastrophic thoughts include things like, "If I don't get this now, I never will." Absolute thoughts are things like, "I always do poorly on these exams." Instead, try to be realistic. Think to yourself, "I'm struggling with this information at the moment, but if I'm persistent I'm sure it will come to me." Do not compare yourself to others. You're focused on doing well on this assignment for yourself. Other people's success or failure should not matter. Memory games, always known as mnemonic devices, are a means of remembering information by creating associations. They can be extremely helpful when it comes to smart studying. Many people remember subjects by stringing words together to form sentences, the first letter of each word signifying part of a topic that requires memorization. For example, the sentence "Kings play cards on fat green stools" can be used to help remember the taxonomy ranking for animals: kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species. Make sure you use mnemonic devices that are easy to remember. If you're creating your own mnemonic device, pick words and sentences that have personal meaning to you and that you will easily remember later. If you have notes, rewrite them. Rewriting the notes you have, changing the wording slightly, helps you actively engage with the material. You're not just repeating information but trying to explain it over and over again. This can help you process information and more easily remember it later on. Don't just copy out the material over and over again. Instead, try to condense it to the most basic points. Then, try to condense it again, until you have gotten to the most essential points.
Summary:
Prepare your body and mind before studying. Study with the right mindset. Use memory games. Rewrite your notes.