Q: Relations between Grand Lodges are determined by the concept of Recognition. Each Grand Lodge maintains a list of other Grand Lodges that it recognises. When two Grand Lodges recognise and are in Masonic communication with each other, they are said to be in amity, and the brethren of each may visit each other's Lodges and interact Masonically. When two Grand Lodges are not in amity, inter-visitation is not allowed. There are many reasons why one Grand Lodge will withhold or withdraw recognition from another, but the two most common are Exclusive Jurisdiction and Regularity.

Since the middle of the 19th century, Masonic historians have sought the origins of the movement in a series of similar documents known as the Old Charges, dating from the Regius Poem in about 1425 to the beginning of the 18th century. Alluding to the membership of a lodge of operative masons, they relate a mythologised history of the craft, the duties of its grades, and the manner in which oaths of fidelity are to be taken on joining. The fifteenth century also sees the first evidence of ceremonial regalia.

1. y the concept of Recognition
2. Each Grand Lodge
3. of other Grand Lodges that it recognises
4. When two Grand Lodges recognise and are in Masonic communication with each other, they are said to be in amity
5. the brethren of each may visit each other's Lodges and interact Masonically
6. inter-visitation is not allowed
7. many reasons
8. Exclusive Jurisdiction and Regularity
9. a series of similar documents
10. about 1425 to the beginning of the 18th century
11. a mythologised history of the craft
12. the duties of its grades
13. the manner in which oaths of fidelity are to be taken on joining
14. The fifteenth century
15. Masonic historians have sought the origins of the movement
16. about 1425
17. operative masons
18. yes
19. When two Grand Lodges recognise and are in Masonic communication with each othe
20. yes

Numbered questions:
1. What are relations Grand lodges determined by?
2. Who carries a list?
3. of what?
4. What does aminty mean?
5. what does this allow them?
6. What about if they are not?
7. Why would this happen?
8. like?
9. What are Old Charges?
10. When are they dated from?
11. What is in them?
12. what else?
13. and?
14. When was ceremonial regalia seen?
15. What has happened since the 19th century?
16. When was the Reglus Poem noted?
17. Who was the membership for?
18. Will a lodge withhold or withdraw recgonition?
19. What are the two parts to Amity?
20. Are the Old Charges similar?

Q: He was a hero that saved two children from the jaws of a cougar . Standing barely 1.7 meters, the 22-year-old with black-frame glasses might pass more for a Chinese Harry Potter. Yet Shen Huigang is now getting recognition for his bravery in fighting off a cougar on Vancouver Island, Canada, during a family outing. Shen, also known as Ian, was then an exchange student. With him was a friend, Myles Hagar, and Hagar's two grandchildren. Silently and suddenly a cougar appeared out of nowhere. By the time they spotted the cat, it already had the head of 18-month-old Julien in its mouth. "At first, my brain was nothing but blank," Shen recalled. "But I believed I could get the child back." He gestured as if he were ready for a fight, and tried to scare the beast off with his bag. Hearing the noise Shen made, the animal dropped the baby and Hagar rushed to grab his grandson. But the animal didn't run, instead turned toward 3-year-old Iris standing beside Shen. "Had Ian not been there, shouting at the cougar, remaining calm and standing firm, it would certainly have attacked Iris." Hagar recalled. They chased the animal back into the woods. "We moved slowly to our vehicle as we waved our fists and bags, pretending to wrestle it," Shen said. "The vehicle wasn't far away but it felt like it took us a century to travel the short journey." As Hagar drove for help, Shen held the heavily-bleeding boy in the passenger seat and calmly kept him awake by hugging and kissing him in case he would go into a coma . The boy was flown to a hospital nearby. Doctors later said his little skull had been punctured through to his brain in two places. Luckily, Julien made a full recovery. "Any hesitation, even a second delay, would have resulted in certain death for Julien, but Ian was there..." Hagar said. Following the incident, the story appeared on Canadian TV networks in every city, and in many small town newspapers---plus many US Internet news sites. The Royal Canadian Humane Association planned to give Shen a Canada Bravery Award, but it couldn't reach him because he had returned to China.

1. a Chinese Harry Potter

Numbered questions:
1. What is the 22-year old compared to?

Q: The Americans believe that anybody can become President of the United States. In a recent Hollywood comedy , that is exactly what happens.

Dave Kovic, played by Kevin Kline, is a kind-hearted man who runs a business that finds people jobs. He leads a typical American way of life, except for one thing-he looks exactly like the President, Bill Mitchell. In fact, the only thing that makes him different from the nation's leader is that he is very nice!

The president has started using look-alikes during some public appearances. Dave is offered a chance to "serve his country" by becoming _ . However, things go wrong. The President becomes very ill and Dave ends up acting as the President forever.

Director Ivan Reitman, who made the popular and successful comedies like Twins, Ghostbusters and Legal Eagles, could have gone for easy laughs by making fun of the American government. Instead, Dave is an attractive comedy about an ordinary man in extraordinary situations. Kevin Kline gives a double performance as Dave and the President, and Sigourney Weaver is at her best as his First Lady. The love story that develops between her role and Dave is a real classic .

The film is 100% American. However, if you've ever felt that anybody could do a better job running the country than the people in power, then you'll enjoy Dave!

1. Bill Mitchell
2. Dave Kovic
3. Kevin Kline
4. serve his country
5. he is very nice
6. becomes very ill
7. unknown
8. unknown
9. Ivan Reitman
10. Dave
11. Yes
12. America
13. comedy
14. A business to find people jobs
15. Sigourney Weaver

Numbered questions:
1. Who is the original president?
2. Who becomes the president?
3. Who is the actor?
4. What does he do at first?
5. What's the only thing that distinguishes him from the president?
6. What happened to the president?
7. Did he die?
8. Who plays as the president?
9. Who directed?
10. What's the name of the movie?
11. Is it critical of the US government?
12. Where was the movie made?
13. What kind of movie is it?
14. What did Dave do before becoming president?
15. Who is the other actor mentioned in the story?