Problem: What, medically, was invented by Rene Laennec in 1816?
Answer: stethoscope

Problem: In which modern day country is the birthplace of the geneticist Gregor Mendel?
Answer: czech republic

Problem: In 1961 in Paris, the French police attacked a peaceful but illegal demonstration of around 30,000 people, killing between 40 and 200, who were protesting about what?
Answer: algerian war

Problem: Which naturalist conceived a theory of natural selection at about the same time that Charles Darwin did so and co-published a paper on the subject with Darwin in 1858?
Answer:
alfred russel wallace