Article: An argument is appearing in Los Angeles over whether a newspaper should publish teachers' names along with an analysis of how well they do in raising their students' standardized test scores. Some people argue that transparency should exist at all costs, but others hold that it's unfair to label individual teachers using possibly flawed statistics. Some worry that anger over the forthcoming Los Angeles Timesarticle will make people oppose so-called "value added" analysis of teacher performance, which is the method the Times uses. "This incident with the L.A. Times is where the advocates for value-added are getting a bit ahead of themselves," says Douglas Harris, an education professor. " _ the gun on this kind of thing." "Value-added data" is the latest trend in teacher responsibility: the idea that a student's gain from the previous year's test -- as opposed to his or her overall performance -- can be measured and tied to the latest teacher. "There are too many variables in the testing process," says A.J. Duffy. But he says he opposes using value-added data in evaluations at all, although he acknowledges it could be a useful tool to give teachers feedback. "I believe in a system that emphasizes the whole student, not just standardized tests," he says. Proponents of value-added say that's a valid criticism, agreeing that no one should expect that student gains on a standardized test could capture the creativity or broader enrichment that goes on in many teachers' classrooms. The District of Columbia which attracted argument for its decision to fire teachers based in part on value-added data, uses that data for 50 percent of the evaluation, relying on other measures such as classroom observation for the rest. "No one is suggesting using _ as a single measure of performance," says Paige Kowalski. Barnett Berry, a professor, is even more critical of it. Value-added data can be useful, he and others say, but it's important to acknowledge its limitations. It doesn't take into account, for... Question: In the opinion of Mr. Duffy, teachers should be judged by _ . Yes or no, is the answer "the whole development of a student"?
No

(Question)
Article: With more and more cars on the road, traffic jams are really a problem. Traffic jams can lead to increased accidents as there are more cars, with more people trying to get to their destination, all the while getting worse. Although it's impossible to avoid traffic jams altogether, there are some tips you can follow to reduce the amount of time on the road. Check for traffic jams before you leave. You can listen to the radio for traffic news, or check on the Internet to get up-to-minute information on traffic. If the way you want to take is heavy with traffic, you can choose another. Look for a different road all the time. Most traffic jams happen on busy roads. Using country roads could see you avoiding a lot of traffic. Although the distance you may have to travel is further, it can work out quicker. Set your car radio to receive traffic news. Many new car stereo systems are equipped with a radio system by which you can hear the traffic channel. This way you can get the latest traffic information and change your journey if necessary. Try traveling at different time. Most traffic jams usually happen during rush hour, so try to avoid this time period if possible. Some jobs offer flexible working hours so that you can travel to work outside of rush hour. Some jobs even allow you to work at home so as to avoid moving altogether. Ask your manager to see what you can do if traffic is a problem for you. Use public transportation where available. The easiest way to avoid traffic jams is to take buses or the underground instead of driving your own car. Not only will you avoid traffic jams but you will most likely be saving money as the cost rises. Question: To get the latest traffic information, you could do the following EXCEPT _ . Yes or no, is the answer "turning to other drivers for information"?
(Answer)
No

Ques: Article: The end of summer doesn't necessarily mean the end of adventures. In the Midwest, it's easy to find fun every kid in the family will enjoy in autumn. Celebrate everything by picking apples At County Line Orchard in Hobart, Ind., hop a tractor to the orchards and fields to get apples right off the trees, and gather pumpkins and other fall harvests. TIP: Wear gym shoes that you don't mind getting muddy. Children two and under are free. Kick off the football season with a stadium tour You may not be able to get tickets to the big game, but most NFL teams offer stadium tours. Lambeau Field in Green Bay, Wisc., offers the popular Champion Stadium Tour. TIP: Children five and under are free. Gather around a toasty campfire On Saturdays in October, Starved Rock State Park in Oglesby, Ill., offers free campfire stories under the stars. Storytime begins at 7 p.m. and lasts about an hour. TIP: Campfires are free and open to the public. Celebrate the harvest at local fall festivals Scarecrow-loving families should visit Emma Krumbee's Scarecrow Festival in Belle Plaine, Minn. You and your family can walk down the Scarecrow Patch lined with about 100 handmade friendly scarecrows. TIP: This festival is ideal for kids nine and under. Question: Which place may you choose if your kids like listening to stories? Yes or no, is the answer "Starved Rock State Park in Oglesby."?
Ans: Yes

Article: Dickson Despommier, a public health professor at Columbia University in New York City developed an idea with his students nine years ago. They imagined people in cities growing crops inside a tall building. Tomatoes could grow on one floor of the skyscraper , potatoes on the next, small animals and fish on the floor above. This vertical farm, or "farmscraper", could have space for restaurants and other places that serve food, like schools or hospitals. They could serve foods that are truly locally grown. But why would anyone want to build a farm indoors in a city? Dickson Despommier believes it will become necessary. The world needs to find places to produce enough food to feed the growing population. Space, he says, is an all-important issue. The professor also points to the problems of traditional farms. They use a lot of freshwater. Their fertilizer and animal waste can pollute water resources. And their growing seasons can be limited. But inside the vertical farm, crops could grow all year. And there would be no wind to blow away soil. Farmers would not have to worry about too much or too little rain, or about hot summers, freezing winters or insects. And without insects there would be no need for chemicals to kill them. Farm machines that .use fossil fuels, like tractors, would not be needed either. And water could be recycled for drinking. "The vertical farm reuses everything, so there is no waste," says Professor Despommier. Even buildings could be saved. Old buildings could become new farms and provide jobs. The professor has been actively proposing the idea to cities as far away as Dubai and Canada. But so far it exists only in plans and drawings, and a model at the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago. Critics say building a farmscraper would cost too much, especially considering the price of land in many cities. Dickson Despommier estimates the cost at about twenty to thirty million dollars. But he says the building would not have to be very tall. And his graduate students have found many... Question: According to the passage the purpose of proposing the idea of a farm scraper is to _ Yes or no, is the answer "find places to produce enough food"?
No