*Question*
Q: Ancient greeks mistook what simple sedentary animals for plants? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Choices: - parasites - fungi - corals - sponges A:
**Answer**
sponges

*Question*
Q: What was the early study of chemistry called? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: However, despite this secrecy several contributions were made to modern-day chemistry. Early acids and bases were discovered, and glassware for running chemical reactions was developed. Alchemy helped improve the study of metallurgy and the extraction of metals from ores. More systematic approaches to research were being developed, although the idea of orderly scientific experimentation was not yet well-established. The groundwork was being laid for the development of chemistry as a foundational science. Choices: - magic systems - horticulture - pharmacology - alchemy A:
**Answer**
alchemy

*Question*
Q: What type of change has occurred when a copper penny changes color? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Some of these pennies are shiny and copper colored. That's how pennies look when they are new. The older pennies are dull and brown. Copper at the surface of these pennies has combined with air to become a different substance with different properties. The change in color shows that a chemical change has occurred. Choices: - contamination change - carbon change - reactive change - chemical change A:
**Answer**
chemical change

*Question*
Q: What is the relationship of multiple action potentials from a single cell resulting in a significant change in the membrane potential? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: membrane is a positive 15 mV, meaning that the membrane depolarizes from -70 mV to -55 mV, then the graded potentials will result in the membrane reaching threshold. For receptor potentials, threshold is not a factor because the change in membrane potential for receptor cells directly causes neurotransmitter release. However, generator potentials can initiate action potentials in the sensory neuron axon, and postsynaptic potentials can initiate an action potential in the axon of other neurons. Graded potentials summate at a specific location at the beginning of the axon to initiate the action potential, namely the initial segment. For sensory neurons, which do not have a cell body between the dendrites and the axon, the initial segment is directly adjacent to the dendritic endings. For all other neurons, the axon hillock is essentially the initial segment of the axon, and it is where summation takes place. These locations have a high density of voltage-gated Na+ channels that initiate the depolarizing phase of the action potential. Summation can be spatial or temporal, meaning it can be the result of multiple graded potentials at different locations on the neuron, or all at the same place but separated in time. Spatial summation is related to associating the activity of multiple inputs to a neuron with each other. Temporal summation is the relationship of multiple action potentials from a single cell resulting in a significant change in the membrane potential. Spatial and temporal summation can act together, as well. Choices: - nature summation - bipolar summation - distinct summation - temporal summation A:
**Answer**
temporal summation