Please answer the following question: Information: - The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million. The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal market, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development. Within the Schengen Area, passport controls have been abolished. A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency. - The European Court of Justice (ECJ), officially just the Court of Justice, is the highest court in the European Union in matters of European Union law. As a part of the Court of Justice of the European Union it is tasked with interpreting EU law and ensuring its equal application across all EU member states. The Court was established in 1952 and is based in Luxembourg. It is composed of one judge per member state currently 28 although it normally hears cases in panels of three, five or 15 judges. The court has been led by president Koen Lenaerts since 2015. - The European Commission ( EC ) is the executive body of the European Union responsible for proposing legislation , implementing decisions , upholding the EU treaties and managing the day - to - day business of the EU . Commissioners swear an oath at the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg , pledging to respect the treaties and to be completely independent in carrying out their duties during their mandate . The Commission operates as a cabinet government , with 28 members of the Commission ( informally known as '' commissioners '' ) . There is one member per member state , though members are bound to represent the interests of the EU as a whole rather than their home state . One of the 28 is the Commission President ( currently Jean - Claude Juncker ) proposed by the European Council and elected by the European Parliament . The Council then appoints the other 27 members of the Commission in agreement with the nominated President , and the 28 members as a single body are then subject to a vote of approval by the European Parliament . The current Commission is the Juncker Commission , which took office in late 2014 . The term Commission is used either in the narrow sense of the 28 - member College of Commissioners ( or College ) or to also include the administrative body of about 23,000 European civil servants who are split into departments called directorates - general and services . The procedural languages of the Commission are English , French and German . The Members of the Commission and their '' cabinets '' ( immediate teams ) are based in the Berlaymont building in Brussels . - A passport is a travel document, usually issued by a country's government, that certifies the identity and nationality of its holder for the purpose of international travel. Standard passports may contain information such as the holder's name, place and date of birth, photograph, signature, and other identifying information. Passports are moving towards including biometric information in a microchip embedded in the document, making them machine-readable and difficult to counterfeit. - Baron Koen Lenaerts (born 20 December 1954 in Mortsel) is a Belgian Professor of European Law at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven and the President of the European Court of Justice. He was a member of the Coudenberg group, a Belgian federalist think tank. - A single market is a type of trade bloc in which most trade barriers have been removed (for goods) with some common policies on product regulation, and freedom of movement of the factors of production (capital and labour) and of enterprise and services. The goal is that the movement of capital, labour, goods, and services between the members is as easy as within them. The physical (borders), technical (standards) and fiscal (taxes) barriers among the member states are removed to the maximum extent possible. These barriers obstruct the freedom of movement of the four factors of production. - The euro (sign: ; code: EUR) is the official currency of the eurozone, which consists of 19 of the member states of the European Union: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain. The currency is also officially used by the institutions of the European Union and four other European countries, as well as unilaterally by two others, and is consequently used daily by some 337million Europeans . Outside of Europe, a number of overseas territories of EU members also use the euro as their currency. - The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) is the institution of the European Union (EU) that encompasses the whole judiciary. Seated in Luxembourg, Luxembourg, it consists of three separate courts: the Court of Justice, the General Court, and the Civil Service Tribunal. It has a "sui generis" court system, meaning "of its own kind", and a supranational institution. - Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. To the east and southeast, Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europea concept dating back to classical antiquityare arbitrary. The primarily physiographic term "continent" as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent's current overland boundaries. - European Union law is a system of rules operating within the member states of the European Union. Since the founding of the Coal and Steel Community after World War II, the EU has developed to achieve peace and social justice for its people and in the global community. The EU has political institutions, social and economic policies, which transcend nation-states for the purpose of cooperation and human development. According to its Court of Justice the EU represents "a new legal order of international law".<ref name="Case 26/62">"Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen" (1963) Case 26/62</ref> The EU's legal foundations are the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, unanimously agreed by the governments of 28 member states. New members may join, if they agree to play by the rules of the organisation, and old members may leave according to their "own constitutional requirements". People are entitled to participate through the Parliament, and their national governments in shaping the legislation the EU makes. The Commission has the initiative for legislation, the Council of the European Union represents member state governments, the Parliament is elected by European citizens, while the Court of Justice is meant to uphold the rule of law and human rights. As the Court of Justice has said, the EU is "not merely an economic union" but is intended to "ensure social progress and seek the constant improvement of the living and working conditions of their peoples". - The Schengen Area is an area comprising 26 European states that have officially abolished passport and any other type of border control at their mutual borders. The area mostly functions as a single country for international travel purposes, with a common visa policy. The area is named after the Schengen Agreement. States in the Schengen Area have eliminated border controls with other Schengen members and strengthened border controls with non-Schengen countries. - An economic union is a type of trade bloc which is composed of a common market with a customs union. The participant countries have both common policies on product regulation, freedom of movement of goods, services and the factors of production (capital and labour) and a common external trade policy. When an economic union involves unifying currency it becomes a economic and monetary union. After reading the paragraphs above, choose the best answer for the entity that related to 'european commission' with the relationship of 'instance of'. Choices: - application - area - capital - code - continent - court - currency - customs - customs union - date of birth - december - document - economic union - goal - government - group - human - identity - information - initiative - institution of the european union - italy - law - legislation - market - mediterranean sea - member - ocean - official - order - parliament - passport - people - photograph - play - policy - portugal - product - regulation - river - service - sign - single - steel - system - term - think tank - three - trade - trade bloc - treaty - tribunal - two - union - visa - war - world war
Answer:
institution of the european union