Given a paragraph, generate a claim that is supported by the given paragraph. 1) The claim must contain information from within the paragraph. 2) A sentence within the paragraph can be used as a claim. 3) The claim should not have contradictions within the paragraph. 4) The claim should be at most one sentence long.

Researchers, who studied about 1,000 teens who said they wanted to quit smoking, wrote in the journal Pediatrics that close to 11 percent of those who got counseling for three months had quit smoking, compared to six percent of those who only received educational pamphlets. "A school nurse-delivered smoking-cessation intervention proved feasible and effective in improving short-term abstinence among adolescent boys and short-term reductions in smoking amount and frequency in both genders," wrote study author Lori Pbert of the University of Massachusetts Medical School in Worcester. But a year after the sessions, there was no difference in smoking rates based on what kind of assistance teens had gotten from their nurses. In addition, fewer than one in five teens said they hadn't smoked recently. "It's nice that there was some effect at three months, what we really care about is sustained cessation," said Michael Siegel, who studies tobacco control at the Boston University School of Public health but wasn't involved in the study. "The overwhelming majority of these kids are not quitting." In the 35 Massachusetts schools covered in the study, half the nurses were trained to give their students one-on-one counseling based around goal setting and problem solving, including making a plan to quit and then preventing relapses. The other nurses gave students information pamphlets on quitting smoking and volunteered to answer any questions they had about the process. Both groups of nurses saw their students at four weekly sessions, ranging from 10 to 30 minutes. The counseling intervention appeared to especially help boys in the short run. Those who had made goals and tracked progress with the nurses were three times more likely to say they had stopped smoking than boys in the "control" group. But between 13 and 17 percent of both boys and girls reported they had stopped lighting up a year later, regardless of whether or not they had received counseling. Other smoking cessation experts noted that relapsing into smoking is the biggest hurdle at any age, and that teens were especially likely to do so. But they added that the more options teens had for help, the better. SOURCE: bit.ly/o4z0xc
Study: can school nurses help teens quit smoking?.

"The story deal with cost very early in the story: ""You have one kind of operation that could cost $20,000 and another that could cost $80,000 and there's not good evidence the expensive one is being used appropriately in the majority of cases"" Add to that the expense for patients whose problems after surgery send them back to the hospital or to a nursing home and ""that's not a trivial amount of money"" for Medicare The cost to Medicare, just for the hospital charges for the three types of back surgery reviewed is about $1.65 billion a year, according to the researchers. The story clearly stated, ""The study didn't address how successful the various types of surgeries were at relieving pain."" Good job using absolute risk data: Nice job emphasizing what's known and what's not known. Excerpts:"
Study: Riskier surgeries for back pain raise costs

On 11 May 2017, TheFederalistPapers.org, a web site that often posts conservative click bait, reported on a new drug cocktail known as "Gray Death": The Indiana Department of Homeland Security is warning about the new drug called "Gray Death" that doesn't just kill the drug users with even the slightest contact but the first responders who come to help as well. It is a "particularly dangerous mixture of heroin, fentanyl, carfentanil and other synthetic opioids," WDRB reports, that is usually used as a tranquilizer for elephants and other large mammals. It is "10,000 times more potent than morphine and 100 times more potent than fentanyl" and poses a severe threat to first responders because it can be absorbed through the skin or accidentally inhaled through the air. The sensational sounding nature of the story prompted questions whether it istrue, but the story is accurate (and largely cribbed from the reporting of local television station WDRB). We followed up with the Indiana Department of Homeland Security to confirm details of the report, and spokesman JohnErickson confirmed to us that "very casual contact" with the substance can potentially cause a serious adverse reaction. As far as inhalation, he compared it to closing a bag of flour: some powder will become airborne. But unlike flour, a similar accidental exposure to Gray Death can lead to serious health problems. Authorities are notifying first responders to take necessary precautions. Indiana DHS released a press statement that warns: Gray Death, a particularly dangerous mixture of heroin, fentanyl, carfentanil and other synthetic opioids, made its way to Indiana this week, causing an overdose in central Indiana. Partners warning about the increased risk are State of Indiana Emergency Medical Services and the State Fire Marshal, part of the Indiana Department of Homeland Security; Indiana State Department of Health and the Indiana State Police. A persistent increase in opioid overdoses tied to the synthetic drug carfentanil have been seen around the country, prompting concern. Carfentanil, which is used as a tranquilizing agent for elephants and other large mammals, is 10,000 times more potent than morphine and 100 times more potent than fentanyl. It is often mixed in with other drugs such as cocaine or crystal meth and often drug users have no idea their drugs have been tainted. Carfentanil and other fentanyl-related compounds are a serious danger to public safety, first responder, medical, treatment, and laboratory personnel. These substances can come in several forms, including powder, blotter paper, tablets, and spray. The substance can be absorbed through the skin or accidental inhalation of airborne powder. "With the pervasive nature of opioids and addiction, there is always the chance that family or friends may come into contact with dangerous substances when working to save their loved one," said Dr. Michael Olinger, State Emergency Medical Services Medical Director. The release included an image demonstratinghow deadly carfentanil is compared to other dangerous substances. It shows how much heroin can kill an average adult versus fentanyl and carfentanil: In February 2016, a 24-year-old Georgia woman died after overdosing on the drug mixture: A Brookhaven woman died from a mixture of heroin and fentanyl known as 'gray death,' GBI officials said. Lauren Camp, 24, had ingested the mix before she was found submerged in a bathtub in February, GBI spokeswoman Nelly Miles said. GBI officials found the deadly drugs at the scene. Camp's "gray death" is the first confirmed in Georgia. The drug has been spreading from state to state and apparently can vary in its constitution. But what sets it apart is its gray color and its deadliness: Over the past four months, Georgia police have seized about 50 batches of grey death statewide, with metro Atlanta being a major hotspot. The drug has also started popping up in Alabama, Ohio and Pennsylvania, state and local officials confirmed. Because ingredients change from sample to sample, each batch of grey death is a mystery right down to its signature color.
A dangerous new drug known as "gray death" can kill through the air and skin contact.