TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: This man claimed that the doctrine of popular sovereignty could coexist with the Dred Scott decision during an explanation of his Freeport Doctrine. This man led a faction of a party whose other faction was led by John C. Breckenridge in the 1860 presidential election. Known as ""The Little Giant,"" this politician was instrumental getting the Kansas-Nebraska Act passed. For 10 points, name this Democratic Illinois Senator who engaged in a famous series of debates in 1858 with Abraham Lincoln.

SOLUTION: History

PROBLEM: It holds only when the molecular attraction between different components is equal to the attraction of any one component in its pure state. Dealing primarily with changes in colligative properties, it allows for the calculation of molecular weights of dissolved substances and leads to the definition of a solution as ideal. FTP, identify this law that relates the vapor pressure and mole fraction of a solution, a law named for its French discoverer.

SOLUTION: Science

PROBLEM: One character in this opera sings the aria "Avant de quitter ces lieux," in which he reveals he will be safe at war because of his sacred medallion but worries about his sister. The antagonist rouses Siebel and Wagner with the "Song of the Golden Calf." The lead soprano of this opera is Marguerite, who sings about the finery of her necklaces and earrings in the "Jewel Song." The antagonist of this opera uses an image of (*) Marguerite at her spinning wheel to convince the title character to sell his soul. For 10 points, name this Charles Gounod opera about Mephisopheles and a German scholar.

SOLUTION:
Fine Arts