Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Input: Consider Input: Context: Apicomplexan parasites actively release transmembrane (TM) adhesive proteins involved in host cell attachment and invasion. Rhomboids, a family of intramembrane serine proteases, cleave these secreted adhesive proteins within their TM domains as an essential step in completing the invasion process. In Cryptosporidium parvum, the activity of rhomboids in cleaving microneme proteins (MICs) has not been reported. In the present study, the interaction between C. parvum rhomboids (CpROM1 and CpROM4) and C. parvum microneme proteins (CpGP900 and CpTRAP-C1) was investigated using yeast two-hybrid assay and co-immunoprecipitation assays.', 'Our study demonstrated that CpROM1 protein could interact with CpGP900 protein in co-transformed AH109 yeasts. Analysis of these proteins in co-transfected mammalian cells showed that the cleavage product of the CpGP900 protein was detected in the co-transfected cells. As control, CpGP900 only was transfected into cells and no cleavage was observed. The results suggested that CpGP900 protein was the substrate of CpROM1. Moreover, CpROM1 and CpROM4 could not cleave CpTRAP-C1 protein, which is the substrate of T. gondii rhomboid 2.
Answer: Our results showed that CpROM1 is an active protease that is involved in microneme protein CpGP900 cleavage, which lay the foundation for further research on the mechanisms of C. parvum invasion.

Output: Does cryptosporidium parvum rhomboid1 have an activity in microneme protein CpGP900 cleavage?

Input: Consider Input: Context: Old compared with young adults walk with reduced ankle and increased hip mechanical output. We examined the idea that age, leg strength, or both are related to the age-related changes in mechanical output during gait.', 'Healthy young (n = 32, age 21.5 years) and old adults (n = 32, age 76.8 years) participated in biomechanical gait analyses at 1.5 m/s and were also measured for maximal leg strength.', 'Analysis 1 confirmed previous data as old compared with young adults walked with 50 % more hip positive work and 18 % less ankle positive work. Analysis 2 showed that leg strength did not affect gait kinetics in groups of subjects with similar ages. In a weak young and a strong old group, Analysis 3 showed that old adults still walked with 23 % greater hip positive work. The group by joint interaction in Analysis 4 was suggestive of an even greater reliance on hip and less reliance on ankle work in weak compared with strong old adults.
Answer: Age and leg strength both contribute to the age-related changes in mechanical output during gait. Exercise prescription, normally targeting the knee extensors, should also involve ankle and hip muscles.

Output: Do age and muscle strength mediate the age-related biomechanical plasticity of gait?

Input: Consider Input: Context: After allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) the whole T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire shows a markedly skewed pattern for 2-3 years. A small fraction of CD4+ T cells is represented by CD25+ regulatory lymphocytes (Treg), which play a crucial role in modulating peripheral tolerance. To investigate their ability to react to the massive antigenic stimulation generated in an allogeneic host, which could significantly affect their pattern of reconstitution, we analyzed the TCR repertoire of Treg after SCT, focusing on the degree of similarity to CD4+CD25- conventional T cells (Tconv).', 'We assessed the TCR Vbeta repertoire of Treg in ten patients who had received allogeneic SCT, by using complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) spectratyping. We developed a new similarity score for the analysis. This score expresses the proportion of Vbeta with similar profile between Treg and Tconv.', 'For up to 3 years after SCT the repertoires of Treg and Tconv were characterized by several Vbeta with different profiles between the two cell subsets, while they were extremely similar in patients more than 3 years post-allografting (similarity score= 0.90 vs. 0.61). The differences observed early after SCT were mainly ascribable to Vbeta expressing an oligoclonal profile in Tconv but not in Treg.
Answer: Our data show that the TCR repertoires of Treg and Tconv are significantly different early post-SCT, while they tend to become identical with full reconstitution. This difference could reflect either a discrepancy in the in vivo reactivity against common antigenic stimulations or be the result of different post-transplant ontogeny.
Output: Does t-cell receptor repertoire usage after allografting differ between CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and their CD4+CD25- counterpart?