Answer the following question given this paragraph: http://www. explainthatstuff. com/how-geiger-counters-work. html. Q: The cecum is the first part of what structure, where wastes in a liquid state enter from the small intestine? A:
OPTIONS:
- duodenum
- esophagus
- appendix
- large intestine

Answer: large intestine

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Some of these pennies are shiny and copper colored. That's how pennies look when they are new. The older pennies are dull and brown. Copper at the surface of these pennies has combined with air to become a different substance with different properties. The change in color shows that a chemical change has occurred. Q: What type of change has occurred when a copper penny changes color? A:
OPTIONS:
- contamination change
- carbon change
- reactive change
- chemical change
Answer: chemical change

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Minerals form when they precipitate from hot fluids that have cooled down. Q: Minerals form when they precipitate from hot fluids that have done what? A:
OPTIONS:
- heated up
- dried out
- accelerated down
- cooled down
output: cooled down

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: You can see a model of the cell membrane in Figure below . The molecules that make up the cell membrane are mainly phospholipids. There are two layers of phospholipids. They are arranged so the lipid tails are on the inside of the membrane. They make the interior of the membrane hydrophobic, or "water fearing". The lipid heads point toward the outside of the membrane. The make the outer surfaces of the membrane hydrophilic, or "water loving". Different types of proteins are embedded in the lipid layers. The proteins are needed to help transport many substances across the membrane. Q: What is the main makeup of the cell membrane? A:

OPTIONS:
- glucose
- antibodies
- filaments
- phospholipids

A: phospholipids

input: OPTIONS:
- devoid
- obscene
- artificial
- opaque Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Opaque matter is matter that does not let any light pass through it. Matter may be opaque because it absorbs light, reflects light, or does both. Examples of opaque objects are solid wooden doors and glass mirrors. A wooden door absorbs most of the light that strikes it and reflects just a few wavelengths of visible light. A mirror, which is a sheet of glass with a shiny metal coating on the back, reflects all the light that strikes it. Q: What is the term for matter that does not let any light pass through it, whether it absorbs light, reflects light, or does both? A:
A:
output: opaque

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Chapter 22 1 Figure 22.8 The extracellular matrix and outer layer of cells protects the inner bacteria. The close proximity of cells also facilitates lateral gene transfer, a process by which genes such as antibiotic resistance genes are transferred from one bacterium to another. And even if lateral gene transfer does not occur, one bacterium that produces an exo-enzyme that destroys antibiotic may save neighboring bacteria. 3 Figure 22.19 D 4 A 6 A 8 B 10 B 12 A 14 B 16 C 18 B 20 D 22 D 24 B 25 As the organisms are non-culturable, the presence could be detected through molecular techniques, such as PCR. 27 Responses will vary. A possible answer is: Bacteria contain peptidoglycan in the cell wall; archaea do not. The cell membrane in bacteria is a lipid bilayer; in archaea, it can be a lipid bilayer or a monolayer. Bacteria contain fatty acids on the cell membrane, whereas archaea contain phytanyl. 29 Responses will vary. In a deep-sea hydrothermal vent, there is no light, so prokaryotes would be chemotrophs instead of phototrophs. The source of carbon would be carbon dioxide dissolved in the ocean, so they would be autotrophs. There is not a lot of organic material in the ocean, so prokaryotes would probably use inorganic sources, thus they would be chemolitotrophs. The temperatures are very high in the hydrothermal vent, so the prokaryotes would be thermophilic. 31 E. coli colonizes the surface of the leaf, forming a biofilm that is more difficult to remove than free (planktonic) cells. Additionally, bacteria can be taken up in the water that plants are grown in, thereby entering the plant tissues rather than simply residing on the leaf surface. Q: Why would prokaryotes be chemotrophs instead of phototrophs in a deep-sea hydrothermal vent? A:
OPTIONS:
- too cold
- too much light
- too much heat
- lack of light
Answer:
lack of light