Problem: The demographics of Van are a greatly debated point, given the changing provincial borders. For example, in 1875 the province was divided; Van and Hakkari were separated, only to be rejoined in 1888, drastically changing the census numbers. Some writers argue that this merging was done to keep the Armenians from forming a majority. In 1862 it was estimated that in Van there were 90,100 Christians (including Syriac Christianity) and 95,100 Muslims. The French Consul in Van reported that in Van and Bitlis 51.46% were Kurds, 32.70% were Armenians and 5.53% were Turks. On the other hand, the Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople estimated 185,000 Armenians in Van, 18,000 Assyrians, 72,000 Kurds, 47,000 Turks, 25,000 Yezidis and 3,000 Gypsies. Both sides have been accused of overcounting the numbers at the time given the revival of the Armenian Question and population statistics became important during the Berlin Conference.

Were there more estimated Christians or Muslims in Van in 1862?
Answer: Muslims

Problem: The Spanish wanted to cut the French supply route. They therefore had been attempting to retake Maastricht ever since its fall. The Prince-Bishopric of Liege refusing to join the anti-French coalition, the Spanish tried to support an anti-French uprising and took military control of the cities of Huy and Dinant. Finally on 31 March 1675, just when an anti-French uprising seemed most imminent, Maastricht sent a garrison of 1,500 soldiers to the city of Liege. From France, a fresh army marched in and retook Dinant and Huy . Likewise the town of Limbourg was taken by the French after a siege lasting from 13 June until 21 June 1675. Meanwhile, Turenne was trying to protect the Alsace from invasion by Montecuccoli. On 27 July 1675, Turenne caught Montecuccoli's army . However, during an Imperial artillery barrage, a cannonball landed among a group of French officers and killed Turenne. Though defeated in this battle, Montecuccoli and his imperial forces were victorious in the following campaign, driving the French back to the Vosges mountains. Meanwhile, Charles IV and the duke of Brunswick-Luneburg managed to defeat a French army in the Battle of Konzer Brucke. There were two other significant changes in the cast of military leaders during the year. On 17 August 1675, Charles IV died and was succeeded by his son, Charles V. He became the main Imperial commander and in this year managed to win the Siege of Philippsburg against the French. The city surrendered in September. At the end of the campaign season the Great Conde was forced to retire from all military duties because of his infirmities. After eleven years in retirement, he died on 11 December 1686.

Which happened first, Turenne caught Montecuccoli's army or Maastricht sent a garrison to the city of Liege.?
Answer: Maastricht sent a garrison

Problem: Tampa Bay hosted San Diego, with both teams alive for playoff contention. With quarterback Jeff Garcia back in the lineup, the Buccaneers drove into San Diego territory early in the first quarter. At the 36-yard line, an Antonio Bryant fumble was recovered by San Diego. Philip Rivers quickly led San Diego down the field for their first score. On the ensuing kickoff, Clifton Smith returned the ball 72 yards to the San Diego 11-yard line. Four plays later, B. J. Askew tied the score at 7-7. Trailing 17-7 late in the second quarter, Tampa Bay drove to the San Diego 31, where Matt Bryant kicked a field goal with 22 second left in the half. A quick 25-yard pass by Rivers, however, allowed Nate Kaeding to kick a 57-yard field goal, and take a 20-10 lead into halftime. Tampa Bay took the second half kickoff, and Garcia led the Buccaneers on a long scoring drive. After a scramble to the 7, Garcia scrambled once more for a 7-yard touchdown run. On their next possession, Garcia connected deep to a wide-open Antonio Bryant for a 71-yard touchdown. The third quarter ended with Tampa Bay leading 24-20. The fourth quarter saw Tampa Bay's hope fizzle. Two touchdowns by the Chargers, and a Garcia interception saw the Buccaneers trailing 34-24 with time running out. With less than 7 minutes to go, Garcia found himself scrambling again, this time for a 7-yard first down run. Quentin Jammer slammed into Garcia's helmet, and Garcia began to bleed visibly from him nose and forehead. Driving across midfield with just over 3 minutes to go, Garcia was intercepted by Antoine Cason, who returned the ball 59 yards for the game-icing touchdown. With the loss, their first home defeat of the season, the Buccaneers failed to secure a playoff berth. A win in week 17 against the Raiders, coupled with a loss by Dallas, would have been required for Tampa Bay to qualify for the playoffs.

Who caught the longest touchdown pass?
Answer: Antonio Bryant

Problem: The Livonian Master, like the grandmaster of the Teutonic Order, was elected by his fellow knights for a life term. The grandmaster exercised supervisory powers and his advice was considered equal to a command. The grandmaster of Teutonic knights did not limit local autonomy, he rarely visited Livonia or sent ambassadors for oversight. Hermann Balk 1237-1238Dietrich von Gruningen 1238-1242Dietrich von Gruningen 1244-1246 Andreas von Stierland 1248-1253Anno von Sangershausen 1253-1256Burchard von Hornhausen 1256-1260Werner von Breithausen 1261-1263Konrad von Mandern 1263-1266Otto von Lutterberg 1266-1270Walther von Nortecken 1270-1273Ernst von Rassburg 1273-1279 Konrad von Feuchtwangen 1279-1281Wilken von Endorp 1281-1287Konrad von Herzogenstein 1288-1290Halt von Hohembach-1293Heinrich von Dinkelaghe 1295-1296Bruno 1296-1298Gottfried von Rogga 1298-1307Gerhard van Joeck 1309-1322Johannes Ungenade 1322-1324Reimar Hane 1324-1328Everhard von Monheim 1328-130Burchard von Dreileben 1340-1345Goswin von Hercke 1345-1359Arnold von Vietinghof 1359-1364Wilhelm von Vrymersheim 1364-1385Robin von Eltz 1385-1389Wennemar Hasenkamp von Bruggeneye 1389-1401Konrad von Vietinghof 1401-1413Diderick Tork 1413-1415Siegfried Lander von Spanheim 1415-1424Zisse von Rutenberg 1424-1433Franco Kerskorff 1433-1435Heinrich von Bockenvorde 1435-1437Heinrich Vinke von Overbergen 1438-1450Johann Osthoff von Mengede 1450-1469Johann Wolthuss von Herse 1470-1471Bernd von der Borch 1471-1483Johann Freytag von Loringhoven 1483-1494Wolter von Plettenberg 1494-1535Hermann Hasenkamp von Bruggeneye 1535-1549Johann von der Recke 1549-1551Heinrich von Galen 1551-1557Johann Wilhelm von Furstenberg 1557-1559Godert Kettler 1559-1561

How many years did Andreas von Stierland serve as a Livonian Master?
Answer:
5