Some text: On suppose que s est la periode entre deux reevaluations.

Translate to English.
Translation: Where: mi: initial margin applied to operation i: mi = 1 % for intraday and overnight operations and mi = 2 % for operations with a maturity exceeding one business day; hi: valuation haircut applied to eligible asset j.
Some text: Cette revue trimestrielle analyse l'actualite ouest-africaine d'un point de vue regional.

Translate to English.
Translation: Ireland's net official development assistance (ODA) was USD 1.3 billion in 2008, a 90% increase over 2003 in real terms.
Some text: Les deux types de normes devaient prolonger l'effet du Programme.

Translate to English.
Translation:
The two types of standards were intended to prolong the effect of the Program.