Problem: A single parent took their child on a trip. The trip was to the playground. The child had a fear of the playground, because she had dug a hole and it had made her trip once. The parent put the child on the sofa and put her shoes on, telling her that it would be alright, and they would be back home by nine. At the playground, the child met a witch. The witch had a piggy with her. The witch stood in the middle of the street. She had a broom. The child wondered what there was to sweep at the playground. Instead, the witch made a chicken, and gave some of it to the child. The witch was saying that it was a gift for her. She thought a gift would help the child with her fear. The child ate the chicken. Then she asked the witch a question. She asked what the witch had a broom for. The witch laughed. She told the girl it was to fly with. The girl did not believe her. The witch sat on her broom and flew away. In the distance, a dog howled.
1. Who had a broom?
2. Where was she?
3. Did someone notice her?
4. Was anyone with the witch?
5. Did she sweep the ground?
6. What was it for?
7. Did the child think she was lying?
8. What was the noise in the distance?
9. Who went with the child to the park?
10. Was the child excited to go?
11. why not?
12. Why?
Answer: 1. the witch had a broom
2. At the playground
3. a child
4. a piggy
5. no
6. to fly with.
7. yes
8. a dog
9. A single parent
10. no
11. she had a fear of the playground,
12. because she tripped in a hole before

Q: I'm Marie. I work in a nursing home and my job is to look after the old people. Alice is one of them. She's a very nice old woman. This year, Alice had a difficult time. She went to hospital twice. In November, I finally could get her back to her "home". Alice hoped that her daughter could come to visit her on Christmas Eve because she wanted to be with her family, like the old days. But her daughter was coming after Christmas, so she was very sad. I also felt sad because she would be alone on the holiday! On Christmas Eve, I took her to a candlelight service at church that night. I didn't take her to my church. I took her to the church in her old neighborhood. We got there early and I let her sit near the door, so people could see her when they came in. Soon some of her friends came to the church and they all talked to her and sat with her. Alice got a lot of love from her old and new friends there. She said she loved the gift like this. That night, I thought I got the best gift: the smile on Alice's face. .

Answer the following questions:
1. What is Marie's job?
2. Is there one in particular?
3. What is her name?
4. Is Alice healthy?
5. Was she home the whole time?
6. Is she home now?
7. When did she get there?
8. Why was she sad?
A: 1. look after old people
2. yes
3. Alice
4. no
5. no
6. yes
7. In November
8. her daughter wouldn't be there on christmas eve

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

Among the vast varieties of microorganisms, relatively few cause disease in otherwise healthy individuals. Infectious disease results from the interplay between those few pathogens and the defenses of the hosts they infect. The appearance and severity of disease resulting from any pathogen, depends upon the ability of that pathogen to damage the host as well as the ability of the host to resist the pathogen. However a host's immune system can also cause damage to the host itself in an attempt to control the infection. Clinicians therefore classify infectious microorganisms or microbes according to the status of host defenses - either as primary pathogens or as opportunistic pathogens:

One way of proving that a given disease is "infectious", is to satisfy Koch's postulates (first proposed by Robert Koch), which demands that the infectious agent be identified only in patients and not in healthy controls, and that patients who contract the agent also develop the disease. These postulates were first used in the discovery that Mycobacteria species cause tuberculosis. Koch's postulates can not be applied ethically for many human diseases because they require experimental infection of a healthy individual with a pathogen produced as a pure culture. Often, even clearly infectious diseases do not meet the infectious criteria. For example, Treponema pallidum, the causative spirochete of syphilis, cannot be cultured in vitro - however the organism can be cultured in rabbit testes. It is less clear that a pure culture comes from an animal source serving as host than it is when derived from microbes derived from plate culture. Epidemiology is another important tool used to study disease in a population. For infectious diseases it helps to determine if a disease outbreak is sporadic (occasional occurrence), endemic (regular cases often occurring in a region), epidemic (an unusually high number of cases in a region), or pandemic (a global epidemic).

1. What is used to study a disease among certain groups?
2. What is it used for?
3. What is a way to show that a disease can be spread to others?
4. How many microorganisms cause disease?
5. What are the infectious ones grouped as?
6. Why can't Koch's proposal be morally applied?
7. What is beneficial to explore during a disease outbreak?
8. Who else can a host's immune system cause harm to>
9. What causes tuberculosis?
10. What is unable to be cultured in vitro?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. Epidemiology
2. to study disease in a population
3. satisfy Koch's postulates
4. relatively few
5. as primary pathogens or as opportunistic pathogens
6. it would require experimental infection of a healthy individual
7. to determine if a disease outbreak is sporadic
8. to the host itself
9. Mycobacteria species
10. syphilis

Problem: Ellie and her grandfather went to the beach late in the afternoon.

"Why are we going to the beach, Grandpa?" Ellie asked.

He smiled a big old smile. "We're looking for treasure," he said. He carried two small plastic shovels and a basket.

"What's in the basket?" she asked.

"Some pie and soda to celebrate when we find our treasure." He gave his granddaughter a happy laugh.

They picked a spot and started digging. They found only sand.

They picked another spot by some rocks and found all sorts of small and interesting little stones. Ellie grinned at their odd shapes and colors.

They dug further away from the water and found an old bottle. Ellie threw it away into the trash can.

They dug closer to the water and found many sea shells. Ellie clapped happily at how smooth and nice they felt.

They had much fun digging, but it started to get late. Her grandpa seemed sad. "We did not find any treasure after all," he said.

"How about that, grandpa?" she said, pointing toward the pretty sunset that made the water appear yellow and bright.

He grandfather laughed. "That is a great treasure after all."

Ellie and her grandfather laughed and hugged. They ate pie happily and watched the sun set.
1. When did they go to the beach?
2. Who?
3. What did they bring?
4. Did they have fun?
5. Why did they go to the beach?
6. Did they find it?
7. Where was it?
8. What did they find in the sky?
9. Did they look anywhere else?
10. Did they find anything?
11. How many places did they look?
Answer:
1. The afternoon
2. Ellie and her grandfather
3. Two shovels, a basket, pie, and soda.
4. Yes
5. To look for treasure
6. Yes
7. In the sky.
8. A sunset.
9. Yes.
10. Yes.
11. Four.