Michael and Robert, two high school sprinters, competed in the 800m sprint earlier today. Both were attempting to implement the negative split strategy, though with varying degrees of success. Both Michael and Robert competed the first 400m of the 800m sprint in 2 minutes, but Michael completed the last 400m in 1 minute and 30 seconds, while Robert completed the last 400m in 1 minute and 45 seconds. Which athlete had a smaller negative split? Hint: Negative-splitting is a racing strategy that involves completing the second half of a race faster than the first half. The racer runs slow in the beginning, and gradually runs faster as the race progresses. This is typically seen as a conservative racing strategy, but in distance events, many world records have been run with a slight negative split.[7]
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Answer: Robert

Q: Two continents had different histories. Asia was inhabited by many humans which destroyed most natural habitats through their activities. America was protective towards its environment and therefore thrived. Which continent didn't destroy habitats by overconsumption? Hint: Habitat destruction has played a key role in extinctions, especially in relation to tropical forest destruction. Factors contributing to habitat loss include: overconsumption, overpopulation, land use change, deforestation, pollution (air pollution, water pollution, soil contamination) and global warming or climate change.Habitat size and numbers of species are systematically related. Physically larger species and those living at lower latitudes or in forests or oceans are more sensitive to reduction in habitat area. Conversion to "trivial" standardized ecosystems (e.g., monoculture following deforestation) effectively destroys habitat for the more diverse species that preceded the conversion. Even the simplest forms of agriculture affect diversity through clearing/draining land, discouraging weeds and "pests", and encouraging just a limited set of domesticated plant and animal species. In some countries lack of property rights or lax law/regulatory enforcement necessarily leads to biodiversity loss (degradation costs having to be supported by the community).A 2007 study conducted by the National Science Foundation found that biodiversity and genetic diversity are codependentthat diversity among species requires diversity within a species and vice versa. "If any one type is removed from the system, the cycle can break down and the community becomes dominated by a single species."
A: America

Question: Ben and Mike both studied earthquakes, while Mike was more interested specifically in mantle melting and related phenomena. Which person didn't learn about sediment subduction? Hint: Mantle melting can come about three ways: (1) when the temperature rises, (2) if the pressure lowers (which lowers the melting point), and (3) if water is added, which lowers the melting point. Two of these (1 and 3) might explain why there are volcanoes at convergent plate boundaries: the temperature of the subducting plate increases as it sinks into the hot mantle (1). Sediments lying on top of the subducting plate contain water. As the sediments subduct, the water rises into the overlying mantle material. This lowers the melting temperature of the mantle (3). When the mantle above the subducting plate melts, volcanoes form above it. This leads to volcanoes in an island arc or continental arc.
Answer: Ben

[Q]: Two friends had different lifestyles. Tom adopted a healthy lifestyle choice to prevent cancer, but Bill didn't. Bill was diagnosed with cancer a year later. Which of the two friends didn't avoid carcinogens? Hint: Making these healthy lifestyle choices can also help prevent some types of cancer. In addition, you can lower the risk of cancer by avoiding carcinogens , which are substances that cause cancer. For example, you can reduce your risk of lung cancer by not smoking. You can reduce your risk of skin cancer by using sunscreen. How to choose a sunscreen that offers the most protection is explained below ( Figure below ). Some people think that tanning beds are a safe way to get a tan. This is a myth. Tanning beds expose the skin to UV radiation. Any exposure to UV radiation increases the risk of skin cancer. It doesn't matter whether the radiation comes from tanning lamps or the sun.
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[A]: Bill

input: Please answer the following: Tokyo recently had a large explosion in one of their largest steel manufacturing plants. The combination of heat, steel, and manufacturing materials released an extraordinary amount of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Meanwhile, Osaka has dramatically decreased the amount of carbon dioxide it releases through the installation of many public transportation projects and tree planting initiatives. Which city, Tokyo or Osaka, will contribute more to global warming? Hint: Pollutants also affect the atmosphere through their contribution to global warming. Global warming is an increase in the Earth's temperature. It is thought to be caused mostly by the increase of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide. Greenhouse gases can be released by factories that burn fossil fuels. Over the past 20 years, burning fossil fuels has produced about three-quarters of the carbon dioxide from human activity. The rest of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is there because of deforestation, or cutting down trees ( Figure below ). Trees absorb carbon dioxide during cellular respiration, so when trees are cut down, they cannot remove carbon dioxide from the air.
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output: Tokyo

Blue island and Red island were two big sister islands situated 100 miles from each other. People on Blue island used gas powered vehicles, while people on Red island used electrical vehicles. The people on Blue island presented more respiratory problems. Which island released fewer nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere? Hint: Gasoline-powered vehicles emit a lot of harmful materials. Nitrogen oxides are formed when atmospheric nitrogen reacts with oxygen at the high temperatures found in a car engine. Carbon monoxide is a by-product of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. Evaporated and unused fuel releases volatile hydrocarbons into the atmosphere to help form smog. The presence of a catalytic converter in the exhaust system of the car causes these materials to react and be changed into less harmful products.
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Answer:
Red