Answer the following question given this paragraph: Some bacteria can contaminate food and cause food poisoning. Q: Some bacteria can contaminate food and cause what illness? Choices: - natural poisoning - bacterial poisoning - bacterial spoilage - food poisoning A:
food poisoning
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Perhaps the most familiar example of corrosion is the formation of rust on iron. Iron will rust when it is exposed to oxygen and water. The main steps in the rusting of iron appear to involve the following (Figure 17.17). Once exposed to the atmosphere, iron rapidly oxidizes. anode: Fe(s) Fe 2+(aq) + 2e . Q: Iron will do what when it is exposed to oxygen and water? Choices: - become hot - expand - contract - rust A:
rust
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Endocrine system disorders usually involve the secretion of too much or not enough hormone. For example, a tumor of the adrenal gland may lead to excessive secretion of growth hormone, which causes gigantism. In Type 1 diabetes, the pancreas does not secrete enough insulin, which causes high levels of glucose in the blood. Q: Which type of diabetes involves the pancreas not secreting enough insulin, which causes high levels of glucose in the blood? Choices: - type 3 - type 2 - non typical - type 1 A:
A: type 1
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: A d. melanogaster population has an average heterozygosity of what? Choices: - 19 % - 21 % - 22 % - 14% A:
Answer: 14%
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Complement An array of approximately 20 types of proteins, called a complement system, is also activated by infection or the activity of the cells of the adaptive immune system and functions to destroy extracellular pathogens. Liver cells and macrophages synthesize inactive forms of complement proteins continuously; these proteins are abundant in the blood serum and are capable of responding immediately to infecting microorganisms. The complement system is so named because it is complementary to the innate and adaptive immune system. Complement proteins bind to the surfaces of microorganisms and are particularly attracted to pathogens that are already tagged by the adaptive immune system. This "tagging" involves the attachment of specific proteins called antibodies (discussed in detail later) to the pathogen. When they attach, the antibodies change shape providing a binding site for one of the complement proteins. After the first few complement proteins bind, a cascade of binding in a specific sequence of proteins follows in which the pathogen rapidly becomes coated in complement proteins. Complement proteins perform several functions, one of which is to serve as a marker to indicate the presence of a pathogen to phagocytic cells and enhance engulfment. Certain complement proteins can combine to open pores in microbial cell membranes and cause lysis of the cells. Q: Which proteins bind to the surfaces of microorganisms and are particularly attracted to pathogens that are already tagged by the adaptive immune system? Choices: - attractive proteins - mobilize proteins - whereby proteins - complement proteins A:
**Answer**
complement proteins
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Prokaryotic organisms, like bacteria. Bacteria reproduce through binary fission , where they grow and divide in half ( Figure below ). First, their chromosome replicates and the cell enlarges. The cell then divides into two cells as new membranes form to separate the two cells. After cell division, the two new cells each have one identical chromosome. This simple process allows bacteria to reproduce very rapidly. Q: Prokaryotic organisms, like bacteria, reproduce through what process, where they grow and divide in half? Choices: - symbiotic fission - singular fission - multiple fission - binary fission A:
**Answer**
binary fission