Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
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Question: So far the issue of patch tests with mite allergens in subjects not affected by atopic dermatitis (AD) has been poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and intensity of responses to atopy patch tests with Dermatophagoides in non-AD subjects, and to compare them to the ones observed in AD patients.', 'Patch tests were performed, employing a mixture of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and farinae at two different concentrations (20 and 40% pet.), on 75 non-AD subjects, including 33 patients with allergic rhinitis and 42 healthy volunteers, and on 210 AD patients, as controls.', 'Positive responses to 20% mite patch tests were observed in 17 non-AD subjects (23%) and in 102 AD ones (49%). The former showed a lower intensity of the responses, with a mean score of 1.4 compared with 2.1 in atopics.

Answer: Are frequency and intensity of responses to mite patch tests lower in nonatopic subjects with respect to patients with atopic dermatitis?

Question: Freezing of gait (FOG) is a major concern for Parkinson's disease (PD) patients because it is a leading cause of falls and is associated with poor quality of life. The pathophysiology is unknown but it is hypothesized that it relates to cognitive abnormalities; particularly executive and visuospatial dysfunction. However, prior results have been discrepant. Pharmacologic subtypes of FOG include those that are responsive and unresponsive to levodopa.", 'To determine whether executive and visuospatial dysfunction are associated specifically with the levodopa unresponsive subtype of FOG.', '135 PD subjects completed a single assessment included FOG questionnaire, UPDRS motor scale, comprehensive cognitive battery and measure of hallucinations. Analyses compared unresponsive (n=16), responsive (n=20) and no FOG (n=99) subtypes.', 'The unresponsive subtype had a significantly older age of onset of PD than the responsive group (p=.03) and had worse motor scores (p=.003) than the no FOG group. Longer disease duration was associated with the responsive group compared to the no FOG group (p=.002). The unresponsive FOG group had significantly poorer visuospatial ability (p=.001) and executive functioning (p=.02) than both the no and responsive FOG subgroups. These latter groups were not significantly different. The responsive FOG group was associated with the presence of hallucinations.

Answer: Do freezing of gait subtypes have different cognitive correlates in Parkinson 's disease?

Question: HCV NS5A appears to play an important role in HCV resistance to IFN-alpha but the molecular mechanism is not fully elucidated. Most studies regarding the involvement of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) in inhibition of IFN-alpha signaling by NS5A were performed in non-hepatic cell lines and their relevance may be debatable.', 'We analyzed the effects of NS5A on IFN-alpha signaling through STAT1 phosphorylation in three hepatocyte-derived cell lines, Hep3B, J5 and Huh7. Interaction of NS5A and STAT1 was also investigated with co-immunoprecipitation and confocal microscopy.', 'IFN-alpha induces STAT1 activation in Hep3B cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Transient or stable NS5A expression inhibits STAT1 phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner in hepatocyte-derived cell lines, whereas the levels of STAT1 phosphorylation remain unchanged in non-hepatocyte HeLa and COS7 cells despite increasing amounts of NS5A. The NS5A may interact with STAT1, specifically, the N-terminal 488 amino acids of STAT1. Furthermore, NS5A inhibits activation of interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3) and interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE)-driven gene expression, as demonstrated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and luciferase assay, respectively.

Answer:
Does hCV NS5A inhibit interferon-alpha signaling through suppression of STAT1 phosphorylation in hepatocyte-derived cell lines?