Answer the following question given this paragraph: Particles of gas are constantly moving in all directions at random. As a result, they are always bumping into each other and other things. This is modeled in the Figure below . The force of the particles against things they bump into creates pressure. Pressure is defined in physics as the amount of force pushing against a given area. How much pressure a gas exerts depends on the number of gas particles in a given space and how fast they are moving. The more gas particles there are and the faster they are moving, the greater the pressure they create. To learn more about gas pressure and how to measure it, go to this URL: http://www. wisc-online. com/objects/ViewObject. aspx?ID=GCH5004 . Q: What is defined in physics as the amount of force pushing against a given area? A:
OPTIONS:
- energy
- gravity
- resistance
- pressure

Answer: pressure

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Resemblance to other species can serve as protection to what category of species? A:
OPTIONS:
- producer
- predator
- consumer
- prey
Answer: prey

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Pseudo-ruminants Some animals, such as camels and alpacas, are pseudo-ruminants. They eat a lot of plant material and roughage. Digesting plant material is not easy because plant cell walls contain the polymeric sugar molecule cellulose. The digestive enzymes of these animals cannot break down cellulose, but microorganisms present in the digestive system can. Therefore, the digestive system must be able to handle large amounts of roughage and break down the cellulose. Pseudo-ruminants have a threechamber stomach in the digestive system. However, their cecuma pouched organ at the beginning of the large intestine containing many microorganisms that are necessary for the digestion of plant materialsis large and is the site where the roughage is fermented and digested. These animals do not have a rumen but have an omasum, abomasum, and reticulum. Q: Where is roughage fermented and digested in pseudo-ruminants? A:
OPTIONS:
- in their ileum
- in their appendix
- in their pancreas
- in their cecum
output: in their cecum

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Seminiferous tubules can be seen in a cross section of a testis pictured in Figure below . The tubule is lined with spermatogonia, which are diploid, sperm-producing cells. Surrounding the spermatogonia are other cells. Some of these other cells secrete substances to nourish sperm, and some secrete testosterone, which is needed for sperm production. Q: What is secreted by the cells surrounding spermatogonia to help sperm production? A:

OPTIONS:
- estrogen
- dihydrotestosterone
- follicle stimulating hormone
- testosterone

A: testosterone

input: OPTIONS:
- external passageway
- internal passageway
- external framework
- internal framework Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The cytoplasm consists of everything inside the plasma membrane, including watery cytosol and organelles. The cytoplasm suspends the organelles and does other jobs. The cytoskeleton crisscrosses the cytoplasm and gives the cell an internal framework. Q: The cytoskeleton crisscrosses the cytoplasm, this gives what to the cell? A:
A:
output: internal framework

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Even compounds with the same number of carbon and hydrogen atoms can have different shapes. These compounds are called isomers . Look at the examples in Figure below . The figure shows the structural formulas of butane and its isomer iso -butane. Both molecules have four carbon atoms and ten hydrogen atoms (C 4 H 10 ), but the atoms are arranged differently. Butane is a straight-chain molecule. Iso -butane is branched. You can see three-dimensional models of these two isomers at the URLs below. You can rotate the molecule models to get a better idea of their shapes. Q: What are compounds with the same number of carbon and hydrogen atoms called? A:
OPTIONS:
- alcohols
- hydrocarbons
- monomers
- isomers
Answer:
isomers