In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. You should write an incorrect option. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.

Input: Consider Input: reasonable presumption against waiver should be indulged. Commonwealth v. Hooks, 375 Mass. 284, 288 (1978). A defendant's illiteracy or low intelligence is not dispositive of his capacity to waive Miranda rights and render a knowing, intelligent, and voluntary confession. See Commonwealth v. Ostrander, 441 Mass. 344, 346, cert. denied, 543 U.S. 867 (2004); Commonwealth v. Jackson, 432 Mass. 82, 86-87 (2000) (concluding that the defendant, who had a learning disability and an IQ in the eighties, validly waived his rights in light of his "considerable prior experience with the police and in receiving Miranda warnings," as well as his "cunning" attempts to exculpate himself "after being confronted with the [ ] evidence against him"); Commonwealth v. Hartford, 425 Mass. 378, 380-81 (1997) (<HOLDING>); Commonwealth v. Dingle, 73 Mass.App.Ct. 274,
Holding statements: (A) holding that a 15yearold was of suitable intelligence and maturity to validly waive miranda rights specifically focusing on the fact that the juvenile had been advised of his rights on three prior occasions and had once asked for an attorney (B) recognizing that plaintiffs had standing to allege infringements of their first amendment rights where the record established that they had been threatened with enforcement of the statute and that such enforcement would cause them injury (C) holding that language difficulties may impair the ability of a person in custody to waive his miranda rights in a free and aware manner (D) holding admissible suspects statement to police after being informed that he had been identified in a lineup which the court assumed without deciding was interrogation for purposes of the appeal because the statements were voluntarily made without any coercion and came after the suspect was given and validly waived his miranda rights (E) holding that irrespective of the suspects limited reasoning ability and iq of 73 evidence that the suspect had held various parttime jobs had been living on his own possessed a drivers license and had prior experience with law enforcement was probative of competence to waive miranda rights

Output: holding that a 15yearold was of suitable intelligence and maturity to validly waive miranda rights specifically focusing on the fact that the juvenile had been advised of his rights on three prior occasions and had once asked for an attorney

Input: Consider Input: is clear." Investment Company Institute, 891 F.Supp.2d at 205. The appellants also assert that the agency improperly counted hypothetical benefits, but this assertion is incorrect. It was appropriate for CFTC to count the benefits flowing from its registration and disclosure requirements in 4.5 and 4.27, as the specifics of those requirements are finalized and not subject to the harmonization rule. The appellants further complain that CFTC failed to put a precise number on the benefit of data collection in preventing future financial crises. But the law does not require agencies to measure the immeasurable. CFTC's discussion of unquantifiable benefits fulfills its statutory obligation to consider and evaluate potential costs and benefits. See Fox, 556 U.S. at 519, 129 S.Ct. 1800 (<HOLDING>). Where Congress has required "rigorous,
Holding statements: (A) holding that attorneys are not debt relief agencies (B) holding that new york city agencies cannot be sued (C) holding that agencies are not required to adduce empirical data that cannot be obtained (D) holding that state agencies are treated as states under the eleventh amendment (E) recognizing that administrative agencies are not bound by rules of evidence

Output: holding that attorneys are not debt relief agencies

Input: Consider Input: under Section 1692g(a)(5), the request had to be in writing. As Welker argues, the Ninth Circuit in Camacho v. Bridgeport Fin. Inc. observed that the FDCPA "assigns lesser rights to debtors who orally dispute a debt and greater rights to debtors who dispute it in writing." 430 F.3d 1078, 1082 (9th Cir.2005). "The plain meaning of 1692g is that debtors can trigger the rights under subsection (a)(3) by either an oral or written 'dispute,' while debtors can trigger the rights under subsections (a)(4) and (a)(5) only through written dispute." Id. (emphasis added). The Ninth Circuit in Camacho, however, was only faced with the question of whether adding the "in writing" requirement to where it was not statutorily required violated the FDCPA. Id. The court concluded that it did. Id. (<HOLDING>). Nonetheless, by extension, Camacho's
Holding statements: (A) holding that collection notice was potentially misleading because least sophisticated consumer could conclude that total amount stated as due was due at any time when in fact it was increasing (B) holding that the defendants collection notice violated 1692g insofar as it stated that disputes under subsection a3 had to be in writing (C) holding that a debt collectors violation of the overshadowing rule was a circumvention of 1692g (D) holding therefore that although defendants failure to provide plaintiff with sufficient notice of termination and a pretermination hearing violated his right to procedural due process defendants motion for summary judgment should be granted insofar as it seeks to bar plaintiff from recovering more than a nominal amount (E) holding that if congress had intended to obligate every subsequent debt collector beyond the first to provide validation notice it would have explicitly called for it in 15 usc section 1692g
Output: holding that collection notice was potentially misleading because least sophisticated consumer could conclude that total amount stated as due was due at any time when in fact it was increasing