input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. Affirmative action in the United States tends to focus on issues such as education and employment, specifically granting special consideration to racial minorities, Native Americans, and women who have been historically excluded groups in America. Reports have shown that minorities and women have faced discrimination in schools and businesses for many years and this discrimination produced unfair advantages for whites and males in education and employment. The impetus toward affirmative action is redressing the disadvantages associated with past and present discrimination. Further impetus is a desire to ensure public institutions, such as universities, hospitals, and police forces, are more representative of the populations they serve.

Affirmative action is a subject of controversy. Some policies adopted as affirmative action, such as racial quotas or gender quotas for collegiate admission, have been criticized as a form of reverse discrimination, and such implementation of affirmative action has been ruled unconstitutional by the majority opinion of Gratz v. Bollinger. Affirmative action as a practice was upheld by the Supreme Court's decision in Grutter v. Bollinger in 2003. Affirmative action policies were developed in order to correct decades of discrimination stemming from the Reconstruction Era by granting disadvantaged minorities opportunities. Many believe that the diversity of current American society suggests that affirmative action policies succeeded and are no longer required. Opponents of affirmative action argue that these policies are outdated and lead to reverse discrimination which entails favoring one group over another based upon racial preference rather than achievement. 1. where is affirmative action?
2. what is the disadvantage?
3. where is it used?
4. who?
5. when did it start?
6. is it widely accepted?
7. where was it decided?
8. how long has discrimination been going on?
9. is it still discrimination?
10. where did it come from
numbered_answers: 1. United States
2. discrimination
3. employment
4. women
5. 2003
6. no
7. Supreme Court
8. decades
9. no
10. Reconstruction Era

input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. Mrs Black is sixty-nine years old. She has only a daughter named Sandra. Mr Black died twelve years ago. She was very sad and lived in her house alone. Two years later her daughter had a baby. The woman was busy all the time and no time to look after her son James. She asked her mother to live with with them. The old woman had to sell her house and moved there. She was strong and could do all the housework. And the family liked her. Last autumn Mrs Black went to do some shopping. A car hit her and her leg was hurt. She had to be in hospital for three months. She couldn't do anything after she came back. At first her daughter was kind to her, but soon she began to tired of her. The old woman wanted to leave, but she had no money to buy a house and nobody could take care of her. She didn't know what to do. One morning Mrs Black broke a plate. It made her daughter angry. She told James to buy a wooden for her grandma. That afternoon James came back with two wooden plates. She was surprised and asked "Why did you buy two plates, son" "One is for my grandma," answered the boy. "The other is for you." She cried for long. She's kind to her mother as she did before. 1. How many plates did the boy buy?
2. Who broke a plate?
3. How old is she?
4. Who does she live with?
5. No husband?
6. What was the daughter's name?
7. Why did she ask her mother to move in?
8. Who did the housework?
9. What did she injure?
10. How?
11. What was she doing?
12. How long was she in the hospital?
13. Did she fully recover?
14. Was her daughter understanding?
15. Why couldn't she move out?
16. What happened to her house?
17. What did Sandra ask James to do?
18. Did he?
19. For who?
20. Did Sandra cry?
21. Did she change her mindset?
numbered_answers: 1. two
2. Mrs Black
3. sixty-nine
4. her daughter
5. he died twelve years ago
6. Sandra.
7. she was busy and needed someone to look after her son
8. Mrs Black
9. her leg
10. A car hit her
11. shopping
12. three months
13. no
14. At first
15. she had no money
16. She sold it to move in with Sandra
17. buy a wooden plate
18. He bought two
19. Grandmother and Mother
20. yes
21. yes

input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. It was hard being the younger of two sisters. I got all the hand-me-downs . I never got to do anything first and my teachers always said, "Oh, you're Jenny's little sister." "No, I am Lauren!" I never liked being the younger. Jenny and I got along with a few fights here and there. Then a few years ago, Jenny and I were in a car accident. She was okay, but I had a large scar on my face. I was very sad. Jenny told me I shouldn't worry about the scar. One day we were riding home from school on the bus. A boy named Jordan made fun of me about my scar. This went on for about a month. Finally I broke down and told Jenny about him. She was angry. When Jordan made fun of me the next time, Jenny stood up, walked to where he was sitting and said something into his ear. I didn't know exactly what she said, but Jordan never said a single word to me again. So, even though getting all of the hand-me-downs might not be the best, I was very happy to have a big sister like Jenny. When anyone asks now, I will tell them, "Yes, I'm Jenny's little sister." ,. 1. Who many sisters do I have?
2. What did I always get?
3. Did we get into a boating mishap?
4. What did happen?
5. Did we both have scars?
6. Did I?
7. How did we get home from school?
8. Did someone tease me?
9. What was his name?
10. How long did the teasing go on?
11. Did I tell her about it?
12. What did she do?
13. Did the teasing stop?
14. Am I happy now to have her as a big sister?
15. Where is my scar?
numbered_answers:
1. One
2. the hand-me-downs
3. No
4. they were in a car accident
5. No
6. Yes
7. the bus
8. Yes
9. Jordan
10. about a month.
11. Yes
12. said something into his ear.
13. Yes
14. Yes
15. on your face