Q:Information: - London Wall was the defensive wall first built by the Romans around Londinium, their strategically important port town on the River Thames in what is now London, England, and subsequently maintained until the 18th century. - William Caxton (c. 1422 c. 1491) was an English merchant, diplomat, writer and printer. He is thought to be the first Englishman to introduce a printing press into England, in 1476, and was the first English retailer of printed books. - Wynand "Wynkyn" de Worde (died 1534) was a printer and publisher in London known for his work with William Caxton, and is recognized as the first to popularize the products of the printing press in England. - London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it "Londinium". London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, "London" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly. - Robert Copland ( fl . 1515 ) , English printer and author , is said to have been a servant of William Caxton , and certainly worked for Wynkyn de Worde . The first book to which his name is affixed as a printer is The Boke of Justices of Peace ( 1515 ) , at the sign of the Rose Garland , in Fleet Street , London . Anthony a Wood supposed , on the ground that he was more educated than was usual in his trade , that he had been a poor scholar of Oxford . His best known works are The hye way to the Spytlell hous , a dialogue in verse between Copland and the porter of St Bartholomew 's hospital , containing much information about the vagabonds who found their way there , including Thieves ' Cant ; and Jyl of Breyntford 's Testament , dismissed in Athenae Oxonienses ( ed. Bliss ) as a poem devoid of wit or decency , and totally unworthy of further notice . He translated from the French the romances of Kynge Appolyne of Thyre ( W. de Worde , 1510 ) , The History of Helyas Knyght of the Swanne ( W. de Worde , 1512 , 1522 ) , and The Life of Ipomydon ( Hue de Rotelande ) , not dated . Among his other works is The Complaynte of them that ben too late maryed , an undated tract printed by Wynkyn de Worde . William Copland , the printer , supposed to have been his brother , published three editions of Howleglas , perhaps by Robert , which in any case represent the earliest English version of Till Eulenspiegel . The Knyght of the Swanne was reprinted by W. Copland possibly in 1560 , in William John Thoms 's Early Prose Romances , vol. iii , and by the Grolier Club ( 1901 ) ; the Hye Way in William Carew Hazlitt 's Remains of the Early Popular Poetry of England , vol. iv ( 1866 ) . See further the Forewords to Frederick James Furnivall 's reprint of Jyl of Breyntford ( for private circulation , 1871 ) and John Payne Collier , Bibliographical and Critical Account of the Rarest Books in the English Language , vol. 1 p. 153 ( 1865 ) . For the books issued from his press see Hand - Lists of English Printers ( 1501 -- 1556 ) ,... - England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain (which lies in the North Atlantic) in its centre and south; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight. - The City of London is a city and county within London. It constituted most of London from its settlement by the Romans in the 1st century AD to the Middle Ages, but the agglomeration has since grown far beyond the City's borders. The City is now only a tiny part of the metropolis of London, though it remains a notable part of central London. Administratively, it forms one of the 33 local authority districts of Greater London; however, the City of London is not a London borough, a status reserved for the other 32 districts (including London's only other city, the City of Westminster). - The River Fleet is the largest of London's subterranean rivers. Its headwaters are two streams on Hampstead Heath, each of which was dammed into a series of ponds, the Hampstead Ponds and the Highgate Ponds, in the 18th century. At the southern edge of Hampstead Heath these descend underground as sewers and join in Camden Town. The waters flow from the ponds to the River Thames. - The City of Westminster is an Inner London borough which also holds city status. It occupies much of the central area of Greater London including most of the West End. It is to the west of and adjoining the ancient City of London, directly to the east of the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, and its southern boundary is the River Thames. It was created with the 1965 establishment of Greater London. Upon creation, Westminster was awarded city status, which had been previously held by the smaller Metropolitan Borough of Westminster. - A book is a set of written, printed, illustrated, or blank sheets, made of paper, parchment, or other materials, fastened together to hinge at one side, with text and/or images printed in ink. A single sheet within a book is a leaf, and each side of a leaf is a page. A set of text-filled or illustrated pages produced in electronic format is known as an electronic book, or e-book. - Fleet Street is a major street in the City of London. It runs west to east from Temple Bar at the boundary with the City of Westminster to Ludgate Circus at the site of the London Wall and the River Fleet from which the street was named. - Ludgate Circus is a road junction in the City of London where Farringdon Street and New Bridge Street (together forming part of the A201 road) cross Fleet Street and Ludgate Hill (which rises up to St Paul's Cathedral). - Retail involves the process of selling consumer goods or services to customers through multiple channels of distribution to earn a profit. Demand is identified and then satisfied through a supply chain. Attempts are made to increase demand through advertising. In the 2000s, an increasing amount of retailing began occurring online using electronic payment and delivery via a courier or via postal mail. Retailing as a sector includes subordinated services, such as delivery. The term "retailer" is also applied where a service provider services the small orders of a large number of individuals, rather than large orders of a small number of wholesale, corporate or government clientele. Shops may be on residential streets, streets with few or no houses, or in a shopping mall. Shopping streets may restrict traffic to pedestrians only. Sometimes a shopping street has a partial or full roof to create a more comfortable shopping environment protecting customers from various types of weather conditions such as extreme temperatures, winds or precipitation. Forms of non-shop retailing include online retailing (a type of electronic-commerce used for business-to-consumer (B2C) transactions) and mail order. - A merchant is a business person who trades in commodities produced by other people in order to earn a profit. The status of the merchant has varied during different periods of history and among different societies. Merchants have often been the subject of works of art. - A printing press is a device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium (such as paper or cloth), thereby transferring the ink. Typically used for texts, the invention and spread of the printing press was one of the most influential events in the second millennium revolutionizing the way people conceive and describe the world they live in, and ushering in the period of modernity. After reading the paragraphs above, we are interested in knowing the entity with which 'robert copland' exhibits the relationship of 'place of birth'. Find the answer from the choices below. Choices: - bridge - central - city of westminster - commerce - england - essex - fleet - greater london - hampstead heath - heath - hertfordshire - highgate - junction - kent - london - metropolis - middlesex - north sea - of - page - royal borough of kensington and chelsea - side - street - thames - tiny - united kingdom - wales - westminster
A:
westminster