[Q]: I read this background article the other day: Using longitudinal data from over 100 countries, Diener and his colleagues showed that rich countries are in general happier than poor countries (Diener, Tay, & Oishi, 2013).[17] Also, life satisfaction for most countries goes up as they become wealthier over time. Diener identified three factors that influence the relationship between income and SWB. Namely, rising income most likely results in higher SWB when it leads to greater optimism, financial satisfaction and household material prosperity among citizens. Furthermore, Diener and his colleagues investigated the relationship between income and different elements of SWB. They illustrated that income has stronger influence on people's evaluation of their lives than the positive or negative emotions they experience over time (Diener, Kahneman, Tov, & Arora, 2010).[18] The study points to the necessity to evaluate different elements of SWB separately instead of treating happiness as a single entity. I am facing a new situation today: Two neighboring countries implemented different sets of economic reforms. The reforms took over a decade to implement, but the effects were not similar at all. Redvania was more prosperous and it became much richer, while Blueland stagflated and the inhabitants were not pleased with the outcome. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which country was much happier after 10 years?
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[A]: Redvania
input: Please answer the following: I read this background article the other day: In exercises such as weight lifting, skeletal muscle contracts against a resisting force (see Figure below ). Using skeletal muscle in this way increases its size and strength. In exercises such as running, the cardiac muscle contracts faster and the heart pumps more blood. Using cardiac muscle in this way increases its strength and efficiency. Continued exercise is necessary to maintain bigger, stronger muscles. If you don't use a muscle, it will get smaller and weakerso use it or lose it. I am facing a new situation today: Danny started weight lifting two years ago, he wanted to be bigger. His brother Arnie preferred athletic competitions such as running, so he became a runner. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which brother increased the strength of his cardiac muscle?
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output: Arnie
Please answer this: I read this background article the other day: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi vary across many environmental gradients. Their tolerance to freezing and drying is known to shift between AM fungal taxa. AM fungi become less prevalent and diverse at higher soil nutrient and moisture concentrations, presumably because both plants allocate less carbon to AM fungi and AM fungi reallocate their resources to intraradical hyphae in these environmental conditions. Over the long term, these environmental conditions can even create local adaptation between plant hosts, AM fungi and the local soil nutrient concentrations. I am facing a new situation today: Carrie bought two parcels of farmland. The Northern one had soil with lots of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, while the Southern parcel had almost no traces of AM fungi. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which parcel had AM fungi reallocate more resources to intraradical hyphae?
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Answer: Southern
Problem: I read this background article the other day: During late adulthood, the risk of developing diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer continues to rise. Most people also have a decline in strength and stamina. Their senses may start failing, and their reflex time typically increases. Their immune system also doesn't work as well as it used to. As a result, common diseases like the flu may become more serious and even lead to death. The majority of late adults develop arthritis, and as many as one in four develop Alzheimer's disease. I am facing a new situation today: Dr. Jones studied 2 groups of people to see the effects of aging on humans. Group A had people under 35 years old in it, while group B had people over 65. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which group had a greater chance of developing cardiovascular diseases?

A: group B
Problem: Given the question: I read this background article the other day: Hemophilia is the name of a group of hereditary diseases that affect the body's ability to control blood clotting. Hemophilia is caused by a lack of clotting factors in the blood. Clotting factors are normally released by platelets. Since people with hemophilia cannot produce clots, any cut can put a person at risk of bleeding to death. The risk of internal bleeding is also increased in hemophilia, especially into muscles and joints. This disease affected the royal families of Europe. I am facing a new situation today: Czar Nicholas was the last Romanov who ruled Russia. Al along he was in good health, but that was not the case with his son Prince Alexei. While Nicholas was free from hemophilia, a disease that devastated European royal families, Alexei was born with hemophilia. Many suggest this situation made some opportunists to take advantage of the Czar. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Who would have less clotting factors in the blood, Nicholas or Alexei?
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The answer is:
Alexei
Problem: I read this background article the other day: When the temperature of reactants is higher, the rate of the reaction is faster. At higher temperatures, particles of reactants have more energy, so they move faster. As a result, they are more likely to bump into one another and to collide with greater force. For example, food spoils because of chemical reactions, and these reactions occur faster at higher temperatures (see the bread on the left in the Figure below ). This is why we store foods in the refrigerator or freezer (like the bread on the right in the Figure below ). The lower temperature slows the rate of spoilage. I am facing a new situation today: Rob is a chemist with a pharmaceutical company. He is trying to devise a technique that would be able to control chemical reactions. For that, he conducted two tests. In the first test, he used warmer reactants. He called it reactant A. In the second test, he used cooler reactants. He called it reactant B. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Would particles would collide with smaller or greater force in reactant A than in reactant B?

A:
greater