Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Ex Input:
The main objective of the present study was the investigation of possible influence of lens opacification on macular pigment optical density (MPOD) measurements.', 'Eighty-six eyes of 64 patients (mean age 73.4 8.3 years) were included in the study. MPOD was prospectively measured using the one-wavelength reflection method (Visucam500, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG) before and after cataract extraction, with implantation of a blue-light filtering intraocular lens (AlconSN60WF). The median of the maximum optical density (MaxOD) and the median of the mean optical density (MeanOD) measurements of macular pigment across the subject group were evaluated.', 'Statistically significant differences were noticed between pre-operative and post-operative measurements, the absolute values were generally lower after cataract extraction. The following median (lower/upper quartile) differences across the group were determined: MaxOD -33.8 % (-46.2 to -19.1 %), MeanOD -44.0 % (-54.6 to -26.6 %). Larger changes were observed in elderly patients [<70 years of age (n=25 eyes): MaxOD -13.4 % (-20.5 to 3.6 %), MeanOD -23.6 % (-30.5 to -15.3 %) versus patients 70 years (n=61 eyes) MaxOD -40.5 % (-53.2 to -30.1 %), MeanOD -47.2 % (-57.8 to -40.1 %)] and in patients with progressed stage of cataract. MaxOD for lens opacification grade 1 (n=9 eyes): -27.4 % (-42.1 to -19.6 %), grade 2 (n=26 eyes): -35.0 % (-44.2 to -25.3 %), grade 3 (n=21 eyes): -34.4 % (-45.4 to -11.4 %), grade 4 (n=25 eyes): -32.6 % (-53.2 to -6.4 %), and grade 5 (n=5 eyes): -53.5 % (-61.7 to -38.7 %) and MeanOD for cataract stage 1 (n=9 eyes): -42.6 % (-46.0 to -26.0 %), stage 2 (n=26 eyes): -44.1 % (-51.8 to -26.2 %), stage 3 (n=21 eyes): -45.7 % (-54.7 to -24.7 %), stage 4 (n=25 eyes): -39.5 % (-59.4 to -26.1 %), and stage 5 (n=5 eyes): -57.0 % (-66.1 to -51.4 %).

Ex Output:
1

Ex Input:
Epinephrine is a component of all resuscitation algorithms. Vasopressin is a pulmonary vasodilator and systemic vasopressor. We investigated the effect of epinephrine vs. vasopressin on survival and hemodynamics after neonatal porcine cardiac arrest (CA).', 'A 4-min asphyxial CA was induced, after which cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was commenced. Animals were randomized to low- (LDE: 0.01 mg/kg) or high-dose epinephrine (HDE: 0.03 mg/kg), low- (LDV: 0.2 U/kg) or high-dose vasopressin (HDV: 0.4 U/kg), or control (saline). Clinical and echocardiography indexes were monitored.', 'Sixty-nine animals were randomized. Survival was greater in HDV (n = 8 (89%); P < 0.05 ANOVA) vs. control (n = 7 (43%)) and LDE (n = 5 (36%)) but not vs. HDE (n = 7 (64%)) or LDV (n = 6 (75%)). Animals resuscitated with LDE required more shocks (2.5 (interquartile range: 2-6); P < 0.05) and higher doses of energy (15 J (interquartile range: 10-20); P < 0.05). Left ventricular output was comparable between groups, but a greater increase in superior vena caval flow was seen after HDV (P < 0.001 vs. control, LDE, and HDE). Plasma troponin was greatest in the HDE group (P < 0.05 vs. control and HDV).

Ex Output:
0

Ex Input:
Relaxation of pelvic ligaments may facilitate parturition in certain animal species. Biomechanical properties of pelvic connective tissue may also influence progress of labour in the human female. This study was designed to test whether peripheral joint mobility or pelvic organ mobility as measures of connective tissue biomechanical properties are associated with progress in labour and delivery mode.', 'Prospective clinical observational study.', 'Tertiary obstetric service.', '200 nulliparous women recruited in antenatal clinic.', 'Translabial ultrasound was used to obtain data on third trimester pelvic organ mobility. Upper limb joint mobility was assessed clinically.', 'Gestational length, length of first and second stage of labour, delivery mode.', 'Pelvic organ mobility was significantly associated with total length of second stage (P = 0.034 to P = 0.002). This was mainly due to the length of passive, not active second stage. There also was a statistically significant association between delivery mode and pelvic organ descent (P = 0.007 to P = 0.001), with the lowest mobility seen in women who required a Caesarean section in second stage. Joint mobility did not correlate with delivery data.

Ex Output:
1