Question: Strasbourg (/strzbr/, French pronunciation: [staz.bu, stas.bu]; Alsatian: Strossburi; German: Straburg, [tasbk]) is the capital and largest city of the Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine (ACAL) region in eastern France and is the official seat of the European Parliament. Located close to the border with Germany, it is the capital of the Bas-Rhin departement. The city and the region of Alsace were historically predominantly Alemannic-speaking, hence the city's Germanic name. In 2013, the city proper had 275,718 inhabitants, Eurometropole de Strasbourg (Greater Strasbourg) had 475,934 inhabitants and the Arrondissement of Strasbourg had 482,384 inhabitants. With a population of 768,868 in 2012, Strasbourg's metropolitan area (only the part of the metropolitan area on French territory) is the ninth largest in France and home to 13% of the ACAL region's inhabitants. The transnational Eurodistrict Strasbourg-Ortenau had a population of 915,000 inhabitants in 2014.

Strasbourg's historic city centre, the Grande Ile (Grand Island), was classified a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1988, the first time such an honour was placed on an entire city centre. Strasbourg is immersed in the Franco-German culture and although violently disputed throughout history, has been a bridge of unity between France and Germany for centuries, especially through the University of Strasbourg, currently the second largest in France, and the coexistence of Catholic and Protestant culture. The largest Islamic place of worship in France, the Strasbourg Grand Mosque, was inaugurated by French Interior Minister Manuel Valls on 27 September 2012. 1. What is the historic city ?
2. Where is Strasbourg located?
3. What was important about Grand Island?
4. When?
5. By who?
6. How many people were in the Eurodistrict?
7. What culture is big there?
8. Are their Muslims there?
9. What is worship place called?
10. When did it become a place? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. Grande Ile
2. France
3. Was a World Heritage site
4. 1988.
5. UNESCO
6. 915,000
7. Franco-German
8. Yes
9. Strasbourg Grand Mosque
10. 27 September 2012

Question: CHAPTER XIII.

WAKING UP.

EVERY thing did "go beautifully" for a time; so much so, that Christie began to think she really had "got religion." A delightful peace pervaded her soul, a new interest made the dullest task agreeable, and life grew so inexpressibly sweet that she felt as if she could forgive all her enemies, love her friends more than ever, and do any thing great, good, or glorious.

She had known such moods before, but they had never lasted long, and were not so intense as this; therefore, she was sure some blessed power had come to uphold and cheer her. She sang like a lark as she swept and dusted; thought high and happy thoughts among the pots and kettles, and, when she sat sewing, smiled unconsciously as if some deep satisfaction made sunshine from within. Heart and soul seemed to wake up and rejoice as naturally and beautifully as flowers in the spring. A soft brightness shone in her eyes, a fuller tone sounded in her voice, and her face grew young and blooming with the happiness that transfigures all it touches.

"Christie 's growing handsome," David would say to his mother, as if she was a flower in which he took pride.

"Thee is a good gardener, Davy," the old lady would reply, and when he was busy would watch him with a tender sort of anxiety, as if to discover a like change in him.

But no alteration appeared, except more cheerfulness and less silence; for now there was no need to hide his real self, and all the social virtues in him came out delightfully after their long solitude. 1. What was going well?
2. For who?
3. How did this her feel?
4. Was she troubled?
5. Is she disinterested?
6. How does she feel about her enemies?
7. What about her friends?
8. What about her activities?
9. Was this unfamiliar to her?
10. Was this a constant state?
11. What was it?
12. What was significant this time?
13. How did this make her feel?
14. To do what?
15. How did she express this?
16. How else?
17. Did someone notice?
18. Who?
19. What did he say?
20. To who? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. EVERY thing
2. Christie
3. she really had "got religion."
4. No
5. No
6. she could forgive all
7. she could love them more than ever
8. she could do any thing great, good, or glorious.
9. No
10. No
11. moods
12. they had never lasted long, and were not so intense as this
13. some blessed power had come
14. uphold and cheer her
15. She sang like a lark
16. when she sat sewing, smiled unconsciously
17. Yes
18. David
19. "Christie 's growing handsome,"
20. his mother

Question: Circadian rhythms allow organisms to anticipate and prepare for precise and regular environmental changes. They thus enable organisms to best capitalize on environmental resources (e.g. light and food) compared to those that cannot predict such availability. It has therefore been suggested that circadian rhythms put organisms at a selective advantage in evolutionary terms. However, rhythmicity appears to be as important in regulating and coordinating internal metabolic processes, as in coordinating with the environment. This is suggested by the maintenance (heritability) of circadian rhythms in fruit flies after several hundred generations in constant laboratory conditions, as well as in creatures in constant darkness in the wild, and by the experimental elimination of behavioral, but not physiological, circadian rhythms in quail.

Norwegian researchers at the University of Troms have shown that some Arctic animals (ptarmigan, reindeer) show circadian rhythms only in the parts of the year that have daily sunrises and sunsets. In one study of reindeer, animals at 70 degrees North showed circadian rhythms in the autumn, winter and spring, but not in the summer. Reindeer on Svalbard at 78 degrees North showed such rhythms only in autumn and spring. The researchers suspect that other Arctic animals as well may not show circadian rhythms in the constant light of summer and the constant dark of winter. 1. What are light and food categorized as?
2. What kind?
3. Do certain rhythms let living things prepare for things?
4. What kind?
5. What do they generally prepare for?
6. What sort?
7. Are these changes sporadic?
8. How are they described?
9. What is the nationality of scientists at the University?
10. What university?
11. What many examples of arctic animals are given?
12. What is the first one?
13. And the second one?
14. Do these animals display circadian rhythms?
15. In what times of the year?
16. What season was not mentioned as one in which an animal at 70 degrees North displays rhythms?
17. How many seasons did the animal on Svalbard at 78 display rhythms?
18. What is the first one mentioned?
19. And the second one?
20. What allows living things to make the best of resources of the environment? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers:
1. Resources
2. Environmental
3. Yes
4. Circadian
5. Changes
6. Environmental
7. No
8. Regular
9. Norwegian
10. University of Troms
11. Two
12. Ptarmigan
13. Reindeer
14. Yes
15. Parts that have daily sunrises and sunsets
16. Summer
17. Two
18. Autumn
19. Spring
20. Circadian rhythms