Answer the following question given this paragraph: Renal Corpuscle As discussed earlier, the renal corpuscle consists of a tuft of capillaries called the glomerulus that is largely surrounded by Bowman's (glomerular) capsule. The glomerulus is a high-pressure capillary bed between afferent and efferent arterioles. Bowman's capsule surrounds the glomerulus to form a lumen, and captures and directs this filtrate to the PCT. The outermost part of Bowman's capsule, the parietal layer, is a simple squamous epithelium. It transitions onto the glomerular capillaries in an intimate embrace to form the visceral layer of the capsule. Here, the cells are not squamous, but uniquely shaped cells ( podocytes) extending finger-like arms ( pedicels) to cover the glomerular capillaries (Figure 25.11). These projections interdigitate to form filtration slits, leaving small gaps between the digits to form a sieve. As blood passes through the glomerulus, 10 to 20 percent of the plasma filters between these sieve-like fingers to be captured by Bowman's capsule and funneled to the PCT. Where the fenestrae (windows) in the glomerular capillaries match the spaces between the podocyte "fingers," the only thing separating the capillary lumen and the lumen of Bowman's capsule is their shared basement membrane (Figure 25.12). These three features comprise what is known as the filtration membrane. This membrane permits very rapid movement of filtrate from capillary to capsule though pores that are only 70 nm in diameter. Q: What does bowman's capsule form by surrounding the glomerulus? Choices: - pores - ions - lipids - lumen A:
lumen
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Early land plants also evolved a dominant sporophyte generation. Sporophytes are diploid, so they have two copies of each gene. This gives them a "back-up" copy in case of mutation. This was important for coping with the strong solar radiation and higher risk of mutations on land. Q: What does it mean to be a diploid organism? Choices: - yolk has two copies of each gene - taproot has two copies of each gene - micelles have two copies of each gene - organism has two copies of each gene A:
organism has two copies of each gene
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Deposition is the change of state from a gas to a solid. Q: Deposition refers to when a gas changes to what state? Choices: - half liquid half gas - liquid - plasma - solid A:
A: solid
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Solid balls of water and dust falling from the sky are known as? Choices: - snow - golf balls - rain - hail A:
Answer: hail
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: There are two major types of seismic waves. Body waves travel through the Earth's interior. Surface waves travel along the ground surface. In an earthquake, body waves are responsible for sharp jolts. Surface waves are responsible for rolling motions that do most of the damage in an earthquake. Q: Body waves and surface waves are the two major types of what, which occur during earthquakes? Choices: - tidal waves - current waves - sound waves - seismic waves A:
**Answer**
seismic waves
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Figure 3.11 Insects have a hard outer exoskeleton made of chitin, a type of polysaccharide. (credit: Louise Docker). Q: What is an insect's hard outer exoskeleton made out of? Choices: - lectin - casein - melanin - chitin A:
**Answer**
chitin