Answer the following question given this paragraph: In a wheel and axle, force may be applied either to the wheel or to the axle. This force is called the input force. A wheel and axle does not change the direction of the input force. However, the force put out by the machine, called the output force, is either greater than the input force or else applied over a greater distance. Q: What is the term for the force applied to a wheel and axle? A:
OPTIONS:
- velocity force
- momentum
- output force
- input force

Answer: input force

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: To understand the differences between nuclear fission and fusion. Nuclear reactions, like chemical reactions, are accompanied by changes in energy. The energy changes in nuclear reactions, however, are enormous compared with those of even the most energetic chemical reactions. In fact, the energy changes in a typical nuclear reaction are so large that they result in a measurable change of mass. In this section, we describe the relationship between mass and energy in nuclear reactions and show how the seemingly small changes in mass that accompany nuclear reactions result in the release of enormous amounts of energy. Q: The energy changes in what reactions are enormous compared with those of even the most energetic chemical reactions, and they result in a measurable change of mass? A:
OPTIONS:
- molecular reaction
- metabolic reaction
- methane combustion
- nuclear reactions
Answer: nuclear reactions

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Glycolysis You have read that nearly all of the energy used by living things comes to them in the bonds of the sugar, glucose. Glycolysis is the first step in the breakdown of glucose to extract energy for cell metabolism. Many living organisms carry out glycolysis as part of their metabolism. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of most prokaryotic and all eukaryotic cells. Glycolysis begins with the six-carbon, ring-shaped structure of a single glucose molecule and ends with two molecules of a three-carbon sugar called pyruvate. Glycolysis consists of two distinct phases. In the first part of the glycolysis pathway, energy is used to make adjustments so that the six-carbon sugar molecule can be split evenly into two three-carbon pyruvate molecules. In the second part of glycolysis, ATP and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NADH) are produced (Figure 4.13). If the cell cannot catabolize the pyruvate molecules further, it will harvest only two ATP molecules from one molecule of glucose. For example, mature mammalian red blood cells are only capable of glycolysis, which is their sole source of ATP. If glycolysis is interrupted, these cells would eventually die. Q: Which process breaks down glucose to extract energy for cell metabolism? A:
OPTIONS:
- photosynthesis
- meiosis
- mitosis
- glycolysis
output: glycolysis

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: How do the differences in energy striking different latitudes affect Earth? The planet is much warmer at the equator than at the poles. In the atmosphere, the differences in heat energy cause winds and weather. On the surface, the differences cause ocean currents. Can you explain how?. Q: What does the heat energy affect in the atmosphere? A:

OPTIONS:
- gravity and precipitation
- erosion and condensation
- density and humidity
- winds and weather

A: winds and weather

input: OPTIONS:
- halogens
- noble gases
- synthetics
- metalloids Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Metalloids are the smallest class of elements, containing just six elements. They fall between metals and nonmetals in the periodic table. Q: What is the smallest class of elements? A:
A:
output: metalloids

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Most of the visible light on Earth comes from the sun. The sun and other stars produce light because they are so hot. They glow with light due to their extremely high temperatures. This way of producing light is called incandescence . Incandescent light bulbs also produce light in this way. When electric current passes through a wire filament inside an incandescent bulb, the wire gets so hot that it glows. Do you see the glowing filament inside the incandescent light bulb in the Figure below ?. Q: The way in which the sun produces light is called what? A:
OPTIONS:
- tumescence
- rays
- photosynthesis
- incandescence
Answer:
incandescence