In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Reporting on Influence and
Subversion by the Kremlin Act'' or ''RISK Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds the following:
(1) In 1986, an interagency working group issued a report
assessing ''active measures'' by the former Soviet Union
against the United States.
(2) The working group concluded that ''there is a massive
and highly organized effort by the Soviet Union and its proxies
to influence world opinion''.
(3) The working group further observed that ''this effort
includes public diplomacy to enhance the Soviet image abroad
and . . . also includes a persistent, widespread program of
disinformation and deception designed to discredit the U.S.
image abroad and disrupt U.S. policy objectives.''.
(4) Active measures by the Russian Federation have shown no
diminution since the last report issued by the working group in
1987, including--
(A) to influence world opinion;
(B) to undercut democratic processes and
institutions in the United States and partner nations;
(C) to challenge the international liberal order;
and
(D) to establish an unfettered sphere of influence.
(5) The Director of National Intelligence concluded in
light of the Russian Federation's hacking of the 2016
presidential election that ''Russian efforts to influence the
2016 U.S. presidential election represent the most recent
expression of Moscow's longstanding desire to undermine the
U.S.-led liberal democratic order.''.
(6) The Russian Federation is deploying an array of
military, cyber, intelligence, and economic tactics to weaken
United States democratic institutions, divide Europe from the
United States, divide Europe from within, undermine
organizations such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
and the European Union, and coerce partners to cooperate with
Russia.
(7) Militarily, Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered
the forcible and illegal occupation of Crimea in March 2014 and
the invasion of Georgia in 2008.
(8) The Russian military, in which President Putin has
invested heavily, continues to engage in acts of aggression and
intimidation against United States allies across Europe.
(9) The Russian Federation's subversive activities
undermine trust in democratic systems, giving rise to political
instability.

SEC. 3. ASSESSMENT OF SUBVERSIVE ACTIVITIES BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

(a) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to Congress
a report setting forth an assessment, obtained by the Secretary for
purposes of the report, of subversive activities by the Russian
Federation.
(b) Independent Assessment.--
(1) In general.--The assessment obtained for purposes of
subsection (a) shall be conducted by a federally funded
research and development center (FFRDC), or another appropriate
independent entity with expertise in diplomatic and military
developments in Europe and the Russian Federation, selected by
the Secretary for purposes of the assessment.
(2) Use of previous studies.--The entity conducting the
assessment may use and incorporate information from previous
studies on matters appropriate to the assessment.
(c) Elements.--The assessment obtained for purposes of subsection
(a) shall include the following:
(1) An assessment of disinformation and propaganda
activities of the Russian Federation, including an assessment
of--
(A) support for disinformation and propaganda
activities with respect to the United States and
foreign countries;
(B) the overall structure of the Russian
Government's disinformation and influence apparatus,
including its intelligence agencies and propaganda
outlets such as Russia Today; and
(C) propaganda techniques, including forgery, use
of media representatives and proxies, use of front
organizations, and efforts to influence international
organizations.
(2) An assessment of support by the Russian Federation for
separatist activities and other aggressive actions aimed at
undermining the sovereignty of foreign countries, particularly
in Ukraine and the Baltic countries.
(3) An assessment of cyber intrusions by the Russian
Federation to influence the infrastructure and democratic
processes in the United States and other countries.
(4) An assessment of--
(A) the use of energy exports by the Russian
Federation for purposes of political or economic
coercion; and
(B) significant investment in energy
infrastructure, including pipelines, by the Government
of Russia or Russian-controlled entities.
(5) An assessment of the deterioration of democratic
conditions in the Russian Federation, including--
(A) suppression of freedom of the press;
(B) detention, beating, and murder of political
activists and opposition leaders;
(C) suppression of minority rights;
(D) suppression of human rights; and
(E) efforts to undermine the Russian
nongovernmental organizations and Russian civil
society.
(d) Form.--The report required under subsection (a) shall be
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.

SEC. 4. COUNTERING RUSSIAN INFLUENCE FUND.

(a) Establishment.--The President is authorized to establish in the
Department of the Treasury a fund to be known as the Countering Russian
Influence Fund (in this section referred to as the ''Fund'').
(b) Amounts in Fund.--The Fund shall consist of the following:
(1) Amounts appropriated to carry out section 7070(d) of
division C of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2017 (Public
Law 115-31).
(2) Amounts otherwise available to the Secretary of State
to carry out this section.
(c) Purposes of Fund.--Amounts in the Fund for any fiscal year are
authorized to be made available to the Secretary of State for bilateral
assistance for countries in Europe, Eurasia, and Central Asia, to
counter the following activities in such countries carried out by the
Russian Federation:
(1) Support for disinformation and propaganda.
(2) Interference in foreign elections.
(3) Efforts to undermine financial transparency and
governance.
(d) Civil Society and Other Organizations.--Amounts in the Fund for
any fiscal year may be made available to carry out the purposes of the
Fund under subsection (c) through civil society and other organizations
that seek to mitigate the expansion of Russian influence and
aggression, including through public awareness campaigns and exchange
activities.
(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--
(1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
the President not less than $100,000,000 to carry out this
section.
(2) Relation to certain other amounts.--Such funds are in
addition to any other amounts made available for bilateral
assistance for countries in Europe, Eurasia, and Central Asia.
(3) Rule of construction.--This section shall be considered
to be an authorization of appropriations for purposes of
section 7070(d) of division C of the Consolidated
Appropriations Act, 2017 (Public Law 115-31).
(f) Report.--The Secretary of State shall submit to Congress a
report for each fiscal year for which activities are undertaken
pursuant to this section.
[A]: Reporting on Influence and Subversion by the Kremlin Act or the RISK Act This bill directs the Department of State to submit to Congress an assessment of subversive activities by the Russian Federation. The assessment shall be conducted by a federally funded research and development center or another appropriate independent entity with expertise in diplomatic and military developments in Europe and the Russian Federation. Such entity may use and incorporate information from previous studies and shall include assessments of: disinformation and propaganda activities of the Russian Federation; support by the Russian Federation for separatist activities and other aggressive actions aimed at undermining the sovereignty of foreign countries, particularly in Ukraine and the Baltic countries; cyber intrusions by the Russian Federation to influence the infrastructure and democratic processes in the United States and other countries; the use of energy exports by the Russian Federation for purposes of political or economic coercion and significant investment in energy infrastructure by the Russian government or Russian-controlled entities; and the deterioration of democratic conditions in the Russian Federation. The President is authorized to establish in the Department of the Treasury the Countering Russian Influence Fund to be used by the State Department for bilateral assistance to counter activities carried out in countries in Europe, Eurasia, and Central Asia by the Russian Federation to support disinformation and propaganda, interfere in foreign elections, and undermine financial transparency and governance. Amounts in the fund may be made available to carry out its purposes through civil society and other organizations that seek to mitigate the expansion of Russian influence and aggression, including through public awareness campaigns and exchange activities.

[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Energy and Water Research
Integration Act''.

SEC. 2. ENERGY AND WATER RESEARCH AND ASSESSMENT.

(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy shall assess each of the
energy research, development, and demonstration programs and projects
of the Department of Energy and identify those programs and projects
into which it is appropriate to integrate water considerations. In
carrying out this section the Secretary shall, as appropriate--
(1) seek to advance energy and energy efficiency
technologies and practices that would--
(A) minimize freshwater withdrawal and consumption;
(B) increase water use efficiency; and
(C) utilize nontraditional water sources with
efforts to improve the quality of that water;
(2) consider the effects climate variability and change may
have on water supplies and quality for energy generation and
fuel production; and
(3) improve understanding of the energy required to provide
water supplies and the water required to provide reliable
energy supplies throughout the United States.
(b) Strategic Plan.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 6 months after the date of
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Energy shall develop a
Strategic Plan (in this section referred to as the ''Strategic
Plan'') outlining the research, development, and demonstration
needs for the programs and projects identified under subsection
(a), in accordance with subsections (a) through (c) of this
section, as appropriate.
(2) Milestones and specific considerations.--In carrying
out the development and updating of the Strategic Plan in
accordance with this subsection, the Secretary shall evaluate
and, as appropriate, establish technical milestones for--
(A) new advanced cooling technologies for energy
generation and fuel production technologies;
(B) performance improvement of existing cooling
technologies and cost reductions associated with using
those technologies;
(C) innovative water reuse, recovery, and treatment
in energy generation and fuel production;
(D) technology development for carbon capture and
storage systems that utilize efficient water use design
strategies;
(E) technologies that are life-cycle cost
effective;
(F) systems analysis and modeling of issues
relating to the energy required to provide water
supplies and the water required to provide reliable
energy supplies throughout the United States;
(G) technologies to treat and utilize produced
waters discharged from oil, natural gas, coalbed
methane, and mining activities;
(H) advanced materials for the use of
nontraditional water sources for energy generation and
fuel production;
(I) biomass production and utilization and the
impact on hydrologic systems;
(J) technologies that reduce impacts on water from
energy resource development;
(K) increases in energy efficiency of water
distribution and collection systems;
(L) technologies for energy generation from water
distribution and collection systems; and
(M) any other area of the energy-water nexus that
the Secretary considers appropriate.
(3) Interagency collaboration and nonduplication.--In
carrying out the development and updating of the Strategic Plan
in accordance with this subsection, the Secretary shall, where
appropriate, work collaboratively with other Federal agencies
operating related programs and avoid duplication.
(4) Intra-agency coordination and nonduplication.--In
carrying out the development and updating of the Strategic Plan
in accordance with this subsection, the Secretary shall
coordinate and avoid duplication of activities across programs
and projects of the Department of Energy, including with those
of the National laboratories.
(5) Relevant information and recommendations.--In carrying
out the development and updating of the Strategic Plan in
accordance with this subsection, the Secretary shall consider
and incorporate, as appropriate, relevant information and
recommendations, including those of the National Water
Availability and Use Assessment Program under section 9508(d)
of the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (42 U.S.C.
10368(d)).
(6) Nongovernmental participation.--In carrying out the
development and updating of the Strategic Plan in accordance
with this subsection, the Secretary shall consult and
coordinate with a diverse group of representatives from
research and academic institutions and industry who have
expertise in technologies and practices relating to the energy
required to provide water supplies and the water required to
provide reliable energy supplies throughout the United States.
(7) Submission to congress.--Not later than 9 months after
the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit
to Congress the Strategic Plan.
(8) Updating the strategic plan.--Not later than 3 years
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall
utilize relevant information produced by Federal Government
agencies, academia, and industry to update the Strategic Plan,
and submit a report to Congress describing the changes from the
initial Strategic Plan.
(c) Implementation.--
(1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy shall implement
the Strategic Plan, as appropriate, in carrying out energy
research, development, and demonstration programs of the
Department of Energy.
(2) Application to projects.--Not later than 3 months after
the submission of the report to Congress in subsection (b)(7)),
the Secretary shall as appropriate apply the Strategic Plan to
projects--
(A) identified as the most energy and water
intensive; and
(B) with the most potential to achieve the purposes
of this section.
(3) Delay or disruption.--In carrying out this subsection,
the Secretary shall ensure that no program or project of the
Department is unnecessarily delayed or disrupted.
(d) Reports.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of
this Act, and at least once every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary
shall transmit to Congress a report on its findings and activities
under this section.
(e) Additional Activities.--The Secretary may provide for such
additional research, development, and demonstration activities as may
be appropriate to integrate water considerations into the research,
development, and demonstration activities of the Department as
described in subsection (a).
(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary of Energy for carrying out this section
$60,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2011 through 2015.

SEC. 3. ENERGY-WATER ARCHITECTURE COUNCIL.

(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy, in coordination with
other relevant Federal agencies, shall establish an Energy-Water
Architecture Council to promote and enable improved energy and water
resource data collection, reporting, and technological innovation. The
Council shall consist of--
(1) representation from each Federal agency that conducts
research related to energy and water resource data; and
(2) non-Federal members, including representatives of
research and academic institutions and industry, who have
expertise in technologies and practices relating to the energy
required to provide water supplies and the water required to
provide reliable energy supplies throughout the United States.
(b) Functions.--The Council shall--
(1) make recommendations on the development of data
collection and data communication standards and protocols to
agencies and entities currently engaged in collecting the data
for the energy required to provide water supplies and the water
required to provide reliable energy supplies throughout the
United States;
(2) recommend ways to make improvements to Federal water
use data to increase understanding of trends in energy
generation and fuel production;
(3) recommend best practices for utilizing information from
existing monitoring networks to provide nationally uniform
water and energy use and infrastructure data; and
(4) conduct annual technical workshops, including at least
one regional workshop annually, to facilitate information
exchange among Federal, State, and private sector experts on
technologies that encourage the conservation and efficient use
of water and energy.
(c) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of
this Act, and at least once every 2 years thereafter, the Council,
through the Secretary of Energy, shall transmit to the Congress a
report on its findings and activities under this section.
(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary of Energy for carrying out this section
$5,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2011 through 2015.

SEC. 4. LIMITATION ON FEDERAL REGULATIONS.

Nothing in this Act shall be construed to allow the establishment
of regulations by the Federal Government that would infringe or impair
the use of water by State, tribal, or local governments.

SEC. 5. MANDATES.

Nothing in this Act shall be construed to require State, tribal, or
local governments to take any action that may result in an increased
financial burden to such governments by restricting the use of water by
such governments.

SEC. 6. COORDINATION AND NONDUPLICATION.

To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary of Energy shall
coordinate activities under this Act with other programs of the
Department of Energy and other Federal research programs.

Passed the House of Representatives December 1, 2009.

Attest:

LORRAINE C. MILLER,

Clerk.
[A]: Energy and Water Research Integration Act - (Sec. 2) Directs the Secretary of Energy to identify each of the Department of Energy's (DOE's) energy research, development, and demonstration programs and projects into which it is appropriate to integrate water considerations. Requires the Secretary to: (1) seek to advance energy and energy efficiency technologies and practices that would minimize freshwater withdrawal and consumption, increase water use efficiency, and utilize nontraditional water sources with efforts to improve water quality; and (2) consider the effects climate variability and change may have on water supplies and quality for energy generation and fuel production; and (3) improve understanding of the energy required to provide water supplies and the water required to provide reliable energy supplies throughout the United States.

Requires the Secretary to develop, submit to Congress within nine months, and update every three years a Strategic Plan outlining the research, development, and demonstration needs of such programs and projects. Requires the Secretary to evaluate and establish technical milestones for: (1) new advanced cooling technologies for energy generation and fuel production technologies; (2) performance improvement and cost reductions of cooling technologies; (3) innovative water reuse, recovery, and treatment in energy generation and fuel production; (4) technology development for carbon capture and storage systems that utilize efficient water use design strategies; (5) technologies that are life-cycle cost effective; (6) systems analysis and modeling of issues relating to the energy required to provide water supplies and the water required to provide reliable energy supplies; (7) technologies to treat and utilize produced waters discharged from oil, natural gas, coal-bed methane, and mining activities; (8) advanced materials for the use of nontraditional water sources for energy generation and fuel production; (9) biomass production and utilization and the impact on hydrologic systems; (10) technologies that reduce impacts on water from energy resource development; (11) increases in energy efficiency of water distribution and collection systems; and (12) technologies for energy generation from such systems.

Requires the Secretary to: (1) implement the Strategic Plan in carrying out DOE energy research, development, and demonstration programs; and (2) report to Congress every two years on findings and activities under this Act. Authorizes appropriations.

(Sec. 3) Directs the Secretary to establish an Energy-Water Architecture Council to promote and enable improved energy and water resource data collection, reporting, and technological innovation. Requires the Council to: (1) make recommendations on the development of data collection and communication standards and protocols to entities engaged in collecting data for the energy required to provide water supplies and the water required to provide reliable energy supplies throughout the United States; (2) recommend ways to make improvements to federal water use data to increase understanding of trends in energy generation and fuel production; (3) recommend best practices for utilizing information from monitoring networks to provide nationally uniform water and energy use and infrastructure data; and (4) conduct annual technical workshops to facilitate information exchange among federal, state, and private sector experts on technologies that encourage the conservation and efficient use of water and energy.

(Sec. 4) Provides that nothing in this Act shall be construed to: (1) allow the establishment of regulations by the federal government that would infringe or impair the use of water by state, tribal, or local governments; and (2) require state, tribal, or local governments to take any action that may result in an increased financial burden by restricting their water use.

(Sec. 6) Directs the Secretary to coordinate activities under this Act with other DOE programs and other federal research programs.

[Q]: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Renters Relief Act of 2001''.

SEC. 2. REFUNDABLE CREDIT FOR RENT IN EXCESS OF 30 PERCENT OF INCOME.

(a) In General.--Subpart C of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to refundable credits)
is amended by redesignating section 35 as section 36 and by inserting
after section 34 the following new section:

''SEC. 35. CREDIT FOR RENT IN EXCESS OF 30 PERCENT OF INCOME.

''(a) Allowance of Credit.--In the case of an individual, there
shall be allowed as a credit against the tax imposed by this chapter
for the taxable year an amount equal to the excess rent amount paid by
the taxpayer during the taxable year.
''(b) Limitations.--
''(1) Dollar limitation.--The amount of the credit
allowable under subsection (a) for a taxable year shall be not
exceed $2,500.
''(2) Phaseout.--
''(A) In general.--For purposes of this section,
the $2,500 amount referred to in paragraph (1) shall be
reduced (but not below zero) by an amount equal to $25
multiplied by the number of percentage points (or
fraction thereof) by which the taxpayer's modified
adjusted gross income for the taxable year exceeds 80
percent of the area median income applicable to such
taxpayer based on family size.
''(3) Special rule for taxpayers subject to more than one
area median income in a taxable year.--For purposes of
paragraph (2), in the case of a taxpayer who is subject to more
than 1 area median income in the taxable year by reason of
changes in family size or location of personal residence, the
area median income applicable to such taxpayer--
''(A)(i) shall be determined as of the first day of
each month on the basis of such family size and
location, and
''(ii) shall be /12\ of the area median income so
applicable, and
''(B) shall be the aggregate of the amounts
determined under subparagraph (A) for each month of the
taxable year.
''(4) Area median income.--For purposes of this subsection,
the term 'area median income' means area median income as
determined by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
for purposes of the United States Housing Act of 1937 (42
U.S.C. 1437 et seq.).
''(c) Excess Rent Amount.--For purposes of this section--
''(1) In general.--The term 'excess rent amount' means the
excess (if any) of--
''(A) the amount paid by the taxpayer for rent of a
principal residence, over
''(B) 30 percent of the modified adjusted gross
income of the taxpayer.
''(2) Modified adjusted gross income.--
''(A) In general.--The term 'modified adjusted
gross income' means adjusted gross income--
''(i) determined--
''(I) without regard to sections
86, 219, 221, 911, 931, and 933,
''(II) without regard to the
amounts described in subparagraph (B),
and
''(ii) increased by the amounts described
in subparagraph (C).
''(B) Certain amounts disregarded.--An amount is
described in this subparagraph if it is--
''(i) an alimony or separate maintenance
payment (as defined in section 71(b)),
''(ii) the amount of losses from sales or
exchanges of capital assets in excess of gains
from such sales or exchanges to the extent such
amount does not exceed the amount under section
1211(b)(1),
''(iii) the net loss from estates and
trusts,
''(iv) the excess (if any) of amounts
described in section 32(i)(2)(C)(ii) over the
amounts described in section 32(i)(2)(C)(i)
(relating to nonbusiness rents and royalties),
or
''(v) 75 percent of the net loss from the
carrying on of trades or businesses, computed
separately with respect to--
''(I) trades or businesses (other
than farming) conducted as sole
proprietorships,
''(II) trades or businesses of
farming conducted as sole
proprietorships, and
''(III) other trades or businesses.
For purposes of clause (v), there shall not be taken
into account items which are attributable to a trade or
business which consists of the performance of services
by the taxpayer as an employee.
''(C) Certain amounts included.--An amount is
described in this subparagraph if it is--
''(i) interest received or accrued during
the taxable year which is exempt from tax
imposed by this chapter,
''(ii) amounts received as a pension or
annuity, and any distributions or payments
received from an individual retirement plan, by
the taxpayer during the taxable year to the
extent not included in gross income,
''(iii) amount received under, or paid on
behalf of the taxpayer under, any program
receiving Federal, State, or local government
funds if eligibility for, or the amount or type
of, benefits or assistance under the program is
based, in whole or in part, on need, or
''(iv) the amount of social security
benefits (as defined in section 86(d)) received
during the taxable year.
Clause (ii) shall not include any amount which is not
includible in gross income by reason of a trustee-to-
trustee transfer or a rollover distribution.
''(d) Other Definitions and Special Rules.--For purposes of this
section--
''(1) Principal residence.--The term 'principal residence'
shall have same meaning as when used in section 121.
''(2) Treatment of expenses paid by dependent.--If a
deduction under section 151 with respect to an individual is
allowed to another taxpayer for a taxable year beginning in the
calendar year in which such individual's taxable year begins,
no credit shall be allowed under subsection (a) to such
individual for such individual's taxable year.
''(3) Multiple taxpayers renting the same principal
residence.--This section shall be applied to separately to the
portion of the rent paid by an individual to rent the same
principal residence with 2 or more taxpayers.
''(4) Elderly and handicapped dependents.--In the case of a
dependent for whom the taxpayer is allowed an exemption under
section 151 who--
''(A) has attained age 65 before the close of the
taxable year, or
''(B) retired on disability before the close of the
taxable year and who, when he retired, was permanently
and totally disabled (within the meaning of section
22(e)(3)),
the principal residence taken into account under this section
shall be the principal residence of such dependent.
''(e) Denial of Credit if Mortgage Interest Deduction Allowed.--No
credit shall be allowed under this section for a taxable year for a
taxpayer for whom deduction under section 163(h) is allowable for the
taxable year.''.
(b) Technical Amendments.--
(1) Paragraph (2) of section 1324(b) of title 31, United
States Code, is amended by inserting ''or from section 35 of
such Code'' before the period at the end.
(2) The table of sections for such subpart C is amended by
striking the item relating to section 35 and inserting the
following new items:

''Sec. 35. Credit for rent in excess of
30 percent of income.
''Sec. 36. Overpayment of taxes.''

(c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2001.
[A]:
Renters Relief Act of 2001 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code to allow a refundable credit (maximum $2,500 per year) for rent in excess of 30 percent of income. Reduces such credit based upon adjusted gross income and area median income (as defined in this Act).