Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

Yunnan is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the far southwest of the country. It spans approximately and has a population of 45.7 million (as of 2009). The capital of the province is Kunming, formerly also known as Yunnan. The province borders the Chinese provinces Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, and the Tibet Autonomous Region, and the countries Vietnam, Laos, and Burma.

Yunnan is situated in a mountainous area, with high elevations in the northwest and low elevations in the southeast. Most of the population lives in the eastern part of the province. In the west, the altitude can vary from the mountain peaks to river valleys as much as . Yunnan is rich in natural resources and has the largest diversity of plant life in China. Of the approximately 30,000 species of higher plants in China, Yunnan has perhaps 17,000 or more. Yunnan's reserves of aluminium, lead, zinc and tin are the largest in China, and there are also major reserves of copper and nickel.

The Han Empire first recorded diplomatic relations with the province at the end of the 2nd century BC. It became the seat of a Sino-Tibetan-speaking kingdom of Nanzhao in the 8th century AD. Nanzhao was multi-ethnic, but the elite most-likely spoke a northern dialect of Yi. The Mongols conquered the region in the 13th century, with local control exercised by warlords until the 1930s. From the Yuan dynasty onward, the area was part of a central-government sponsored population movement towards the Southwestern frontier, with 2 major waves of migrants arriving from Han-majority areas in northern and southeast China. As with other parts of China's southwest, Japanese occupation in the north during World War II forced another migration of majority Han people into the region. These two waves of migration contributed to Yunnan being one of the most ethnically diverse provinces of China, with ethnic minorities accounting for about 34 percent of its total population. Major ethnic groups include Yi, Bai, Hani, Zhuang, Dai and Miao.

1. About how many species of higher plants does Yunnan have?
2. How many total are there in China?
3. What is Yunnan?
4. In what country?
5. What is its capital?
6. What was Kunming known as before?
7. How many people are there?
8. As of which year?
9. Which empire first recorded relations with Yunnan?
10. When was that?
11. What was Nanzhao?
12. What kind of area is Yunnan located in
13. Where do most of the people live?
14. Does it have a lot of natural resources?
15. What are two of its reserves?
16. Which are the largest reserves in China?
17. What other major reserves does it have?
18. When did the Mongols conquer it?
19. With local control by warlords, until when?
20. How many waves of migration were there?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. 17,000 or more
2. approximately 30,000
3. a province
4. People's Republic of China
5. Kunming
6. Yunnan
7. 45.7 million
8. 2009
9. The Han Empire
10. end of 2nd century BC
11. a kingdom
12. a mountainous area
13. the eastern part
14. Yes
15. aluminium and lead
16. aluminium, lead, zinc and tin
17. copper and nickel
18. the 13th century
19. 1930s
20. Two

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

Dan Bebber is a senior research fellow at the University of Exeter in Britain. He says research has shown that wild plants and animals are moving toward Earth's North and South poles as the planet warms.

Mr Bebber wanted to know if the same thing was happening with organisms that attack agricultural crops. He examined reports of first sightings of new insects and diseases around the world. The records came from CABI - the Centre for Agricultural Bioscience International. He says the group began collecting information from developing and industrialized countries years ago.

Dan Bebber and his research team studied 612 different organisms - from viruses and bacteria to insects like beetles and butterflies. They found that since 1960, crop pests and diseases have been moving toward the poles at an average rate of about 3 kilometers each year. Mr Bebber says this puts the most productive farmland in the world in danger.

"As new species of pests and diseases evolve and potentially the environment for them becomes more _ at higher latitudes, the pressure on the breadbaskets of the world is going to increase."

Farmers face other threats. Invasive species passed through trade are also causing problems. Gene Kritsky is an Entomologist at the College of Mount St. Joseph in Ohio. He specialises in the study of insects. He says climate change may improve conditions for some invasive species.

"It means that species in other parts of the world that might do well in warmer temperatures can now do well in the breadbasket of America."

Another Entomologist Christian Krupke of Purdue University says the effects of these changes will depend very much on the crop, the insect and the disease. But he says the research is a warning sign that people should care about climate change and do something about it.

1. Who is Dan Bebber?
2. Who does he research for?
3. What is he researching?
4. And?
5. How many organisms did he study?
6. How far have they been moving?
7. What other challenges are farmers facing?
8. Why are they invading?
9. Who are the two entomologists mentioned?
10. How does Christian feel about the research?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. a senior researcher
2. University of Exeter
3. to see if wild plants and animals are moving toward Earth's North and South poles as the planet warms.
4. he found they were
5. 612
6. 3 km per year
7. Invasive species
8. they do well in those temperatures
9. Gene Kritsky and Christian Krupke
10. he feels like it's a warning sign

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

Steve the penguin lived at the zoo. Steve loved to lie on his towel outside during the summer. In the winter Steve would get too cold and would stay in his house. Steve loved the zookeeper's helper Bob. The zookeeper's name was Joe, but he never came in to see Steve. Bob would feed Steve treats all summer long when he was working. In the spring, Tim was the zookeeper's helper and would never feed Steve treats, so Steve didn't like him. Steve loved that Bob would give him was fish more than anything. Steve also liked bananas, oranges and apples, but fish was his favorite. Steve would stick his tongue out at the visitors to the zoo, other times he turn around and show them his back because they were always looking at Steve and he didn't like that. Sometimes he would wave his arm to some visitors if they seemed to be nice. Steve loved the summer; it was his favorite time of the year. He got treats and his favorite helper Bob worked during the summer.

1. Who's favorite food was fish?
2. what kind of animal was he?
3. where did he live?
4. what did he enjoy doing?
5. where?
6. during what season?
7. what did he do in the winter?
8. why?
9. How did the animal love?
10. what was his job?
11. who was the in charge of the zoo?
12. Did he ever visit?
13. When was Bob around?
14. was there someone else before then?
15. In what season?
16. what was his name?
17. Did Steve like him?
18. why not?

Numbered answers:

A:
1. Steve
2. penguin
3. the zoo.
4. lie on his towel
5. outside
6. the summer
7. stay in his house
8. he was too cold
9. Bob
10. he zookeeper's helper
11. Joe
12. no
13. summer
14. yes
15. spring
16. Tim
17. no
18. he would never feed Steve treats