Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Figure 8.6 Photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts, which have an outer membrane and an inner membrane. Stacks of thylakoids called grana form a third membrane layer. Q: Where does photosynthesis occur in plants? A:

OPTIONS:
- golgi bodies
- cell membrane
- nucleus
- in chloroplasts

A: in chloroplasts

input: OPTIONS:
- swim
- sink
- float
- walk Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: tension causes liquids to form spheres in free fall or zero gravity (see - ball-ch10_s02_f01: the "floating" water isn't in the shape of a sphere by accident; it is the result of surface tension). Surface tension is also responsible for the fact that small insects can "walk" on water. Because of surface tension, it takes energy to break the surface of a liquid, and if an object (such as an insect) is light enough, there is not enough force due to gravity for the object to break through the surface, so the object stays on top of the water ( ball-ch10_s03_f07). Carefully done, this phenomenon can also be illustrated with a thin razor blade or a paper clip. The fact that small droplets of water bead up on surfaces does not mean that wateror any other liquid does not interact with other substances. Sometimes the attraction can be very strong. Adhesion is the tendency of a substance to interact with other substances because of intermolecular forces, while cohesion is the tendency of a substance to interact with itself. If cohesive forces within a liquid are stronger than adhesive forces between a liquid and another substance, then the liquid tends to keep to itself; it will bead up. However, if adhesive forces between a liquid and another substance are stronger than cohesive forces, then the liquid will spread out over the other substance, trying to maximize the interface between the other substance and the liquid. We say that the liquid wets the other substance. Adhesion and cohesion are important for other phenomena as well. In particular, if adhesive forces are strong, then when a liquid is introduced to a small-diameter tube of another substance, the liquid moves up or down in the tube, as if ignoring gravity. Because tiny tubes are called capillaries, this phenomenon is called capillary action. For example, one type of capillary actioncapillary riseis seen when water or water-based liquids rise up in thin glass tubes (like the capillaries sometimes used in blood tests), forming an upwardly curved surface... Q: Surface tension is responsible for the fact that small insects can do this on water? A:
A:
output: walk

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What two elements do chloroplasts split water into? A:

OPTIONS:
- vaporize and oxygen
- Salt and sodium
- Carbon and water
- hydrogen and oxygen

Answer: hydrogen and oxygen

Problem: OPTIONS:
- healthy and sick
- new and old
- plant and fungus
- plant and animal
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: 4.6 Connections between Cells and Cellular Activities Animal cells communicate via their extracellular matrices and are connected to each other via tight junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions. Plant cells are connected and communicate with each other via plasmodesmata. When protein receptors on the surface of the plasma membrane of an animal cell bind to a substance in the extracellular matrix, a chain of reactions begins that changes activities taking place within the cell. Plasmodesmata are channels between adjacent plant cells, while gap junctions are channels between adjacent animal cells. However, their structures are quite different. A tight junction is a watertight seal between two adjacent cells, while a desmosome acts like a spot weld. Q: Plasmodesmata and gap junctions are channels between adjacent cells of what respective types? A:
Answer: plant and animal

Problem:OPTIONS:
- cerebellum
- medula oblongata
- thalmus
- cerebrum

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The cerebrum is divided down the middle from the front to the back of the head. The two halves of the cerebrum are called the right and left hemispheres. The two hemispheres are very similar but not identical. They are connected to each other by a thick bundle of axons deep within the brain. These axons allow the two hemispheres to communicate with each other. Did you know that the right hemisphere of the cerebrum controls the left side of the body, and vice versa? This can happen because of the connections between the two hemispheres. Q: What part of the brain is divided from front to back into the left and right hemispheres? A:
****
A: cerebrum

Problem:OPTIONS:
- electrons
- molecules
- protons
- nucleus

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Cell division is simpler in prokaryotes than eukaryotes because prokaryotic cells themselves are simpler. Prokaryotic cells have a single circular chromosome, no nucleus, and few other organelles. Eukaryotic cells, in contrast, have multiple chromosomes contained within a nucleus, and many other organelles. All of these cell parts must be duplicated and then separated when the cell divides. A chromosome is a molecule of DNA, and will be the focus of a subsequent concept. Q: What important organelle (that would otherwise be centrally located and crucial to the cell's survival) do prokaryotic cells lack? A:
****
A:
nucleus