Problem:OPTIONS:
- it decreases
- it evaporates
- it stays the same
- it increases

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Hydrostatic pressure is especially important in governing the movement of water in the nephrons of the kidneys to ensure proper filtering of the blood to form urine. As hydrostatic pressure in the kidneys increases, the amount of water leaving the capillaries also increases, and more urine filtrate is formed. If hydrostatic pressure in the kidneys drops too low, as can happen in dehydration, the functions of the kidneys will be impaired, and less nitrogenous wastes will be removed from the bloodstream. Extreme dehydration can result in kidney failure. Fluid also moves between compartments along an osmotic gradient. Recall that an osmotic gradient is produced by the difference in concentration of all solutes on either side of a semi-permeable membrane. The magnitude of the osmotic gradient is proportional to the difference in the concentration of solutes on one side of the cell membrane to that on the other side. Water will move by osmosis from the side where its concentration is high (and the concentration of solute is low) to the side of the membrane where its concentration is low (and the concentration of solute is high). In the body, water moves by osmosis from plasma to the IF (and the reverse) and from the IF to the ICF (and the reverse). In the body, water moves constantly into and out of fluid compartments as conditions change in different parts of the body. For example, if you are sweating, you will lose water through your skin. Sweating depletes your tissues of water and increases the solute concentration in those tissues. As this happens, water diffuses from your blood into sweat glands and surrounding skin tissues that have become dehydrated because of the osmotic gradient. Additionally, as water leaves the blood, it is replaced by the water in other tissues throughout your body that are not dehydrated. If this continues, dehydration spreads throughout the body. When a dehydrated person drinks water and rehydrates, the water is redistributed by the same gradient, but in the opposite direction,... Q: As hydrostatic pressure in the kidneys increases, what happens to the amount of water leaving the capillares? A:
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A: it increases

Problem:OPTIONS:
- dehydration
- osmotic process
- logical water loss
- insensible water loss

Answer the following question given this paragraph: 26.2 | Water Balance By the end of this section, you will be able to: Explain how water levels in the body influence the thirst cycle Identify the main route by which water leaves the body Describe the role of ADH and its effect on body water levels Define dehydration and identify common causes of dehydration On a typical day, the average adult will take in about 2500 mL (almost 3 quarts) of aqueous fluids. Although most of the intake comes through the digestive tract, about 230 mL (8 ounces) per day is generated metabolically, in the last steps of aerobic respiration. Additionally, each day about the same volume (2500 mL) of water leaves the body by different routes; most of this lost water is removed as urine. The kidneys also can adjust blood volume though mechanisms that draw water out of the filtrate and urine. The kidneys can regulate water levels in the body; they conserve water if you are dehydrated, and they can make urine more dilute to expel excess water if necessary. Water is lost through the skin through evaporation from the skin surface without overt sweating and from air expelled from the lungs. This type of water loss is called insensible water loss because a person is usually unaware of it. Q: Water that is lost through the skin through evaporation from the skin surface without overt sweating and from air expelled from the lungs is known as what? A:
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A: insensible water loss

Problem:OPTIONS:
- carbon changes
- Oxygen Changes
- mineral changes
- chemical changes

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Pure substances, such as compounds, can be separated through chemical changes. Chemical changes change the chemical composition of a substance and can only occur through a chemical reaction. Q: What changes the chemical composition of a substance and can only occur through a chemical reaction? A:
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A: chemical changes

Problem:OPTIONS:
- antioxidants
- pathogens
- tumors
- bacteria

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Bacteria provide vital ecosystem services. They are important decomposers. They are also needed for the carbon and nitrogen cycles. There are billions of bacteria inside the human intestines. They help digest food, make vitamins, and play other important roles. Humans also use bacteria in many other ways, including:. Q: These microorganisms are abundant in the human digestive track and serve many roles. what are they? A:
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A:
bacteria