Problem:OPTIONS:
- division
- transfer
- reproduction
- storage

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Most mature plant cells have a central vacuole that occupies more than 30% of the cell's volume. The central vacuole can occupy as much as 90% of the volume of certain cells. The central vacuole is surrounded by a membrane called the tonoplast . The central vacuole has many functions. Aside from storage, the main role of the vacuole is to maintain turgor pressure against the cell wall. Proteins found in the tonoplast control the flow of water into and out of the vacuole. The central vacuole also stores the pigments that color flowers. Q: What function does a vacuole do for a cell? A:
****
A: storage

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Most of us are familiar with rusty iron: metal that has a dark red-brown scale that falls off an object, ultimately weakening it. Although we usually attribute rusting exclusively to iron, this process occurs with many materials. The more formal term for rusting is corrosion. Corrosion is defined as the disintegration of a material due to chemical reactions with other substances in the environment. In many cases, oxygen in the air causes the disintegration. Corrosion is not uniformly destructive. Although the corrosion of iron is generally considered bad, the corrosion of aluminum and copper forms a protective barrier on the surface of the metal, protecting it from further reaction with the environment. Having said that, it has been estimated that as much as 5% of expenditures in the United States apply to fixing problems caused by corrosion. The replacement of structures built with iron, steel, aluminum, and concrete must be performed regularly to keep these structures safe. As an example of what might happen, consider the story of the Silver Bridge on US Interstate 35, connecting West Virginia and Ohio. On December 15, 1967, the 39-year-old bridge collapsed, killing 46 people. The ultimate cause of the collapse was determined to be corrosion of a suspension chain on the Ohio side of the bridge. Corrosion is an example of the type of chemical reaction discussed in this chapter. Although we usually think of corrosion as bad, the reaction it typifies can actually be put to good use. One important type of chemical reaction is the oxidation-reduction reaction, also known as the redox reaction. Although we introduced redox reactions in - ball-ch04, - ball-ch04_s06, it is worth reviewing some basic concepts. Q: Exemplified by rusty iron, what process is defined as the disintegration of a material due to chemical reactions with other substances in the environment? A:
OPTIONS:
- Metal Breakdown
- magnesium
- extraction
- corrosion
corrosion

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Carbon doesn't stop there. Living things get energy from food in a process called respiration. This releases carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere. The cycle then repeats. Q: Living things get energy from food in a process called respiration, which releases what gas back into the atmosphere? A:
OPTIONS:
- oxygen
- hydrogen
- nitrogen
- carbon dioxide

Answer: carbon dioxide

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Models may be physical, conceptual, or mathematical. Q: Models may be physical, conceptual, or what else? A:
OPTIONS:
- experimental
- fundamental
- theoretical
- mathematical
Answer: mathematical

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Hormones are the messenger molecules of the endocrine system. Endocrine hormones travel throughout the body in the blood. However, each hormone affects only certain cells, called target cells. A target cell is the type of cell on which a hormone has an effect. A target cell is affected by a particular hormone because it has receptor proteins that are specific to that hormone. A hormone travels through the bloodstream until it finds a target cell with a matching receptor it can bind to. When the hormone binds to a receptor, it causes a change within the cell. Exactly how this works depends on whether the hormone is a steroid hormone or a non-steroid hormone . At the link below, you can watch an animation that shows how both types of hormones work. http://www. wisc-online. com/objects/ViewObject. aspx?ID=AP13704. Q: What are the messenger molecules of the endocrine system? A:
OPTIONS:
- neurons
- enzymes
- acids
- hormones
output: hormones

Problem: OPTIONS:
- molecules
- semi-fluids
- fluids
- gases
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The story is quite different for gases. Gases take the shape of their container, and they are relatively easy to compress. There are fewer gas particles per unit volume than for the same substance in the liquid or solid form. In fact, the liquid form of a given material is generally several hundred times more dense than the gas form at normal pressures. Despite the large amounts of empty space, a sample of a gas contains many particles moving around, colliding and imparting force on their surroundings. For example, in a one mole sample of gas at 0C and 1 atm of pressure, each cubic centimeter contains roughly 2.7 10 19 molecules. Each molecule participates in several billion collisions every second, moving only about 10-100 nanometers between collisions. Additionally, these gas particles move at very high speeds. For example, at 25C, the average speed of hydrogen molecules in a sample of hydrogen gas is 1960 m/s. Q: What take the shape of their container, and are relatively easy to compress? A:
Answer:
gases