Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Biodiversity hot spots are prime candidates for protection because they are prone to what species fate? A:
OPTIONS:
- mutation
- reduction
- accumulation
- extinction
Answer: extinction

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Biotic factors are the parts of the environment that are alive, or were alive and then died, such as plants, animals, and their remains. Biotic factors also include bacteria, fungi and protists. Q: What factors consist of parts of the environment that are or were alive, and their remains? A:
OPTIONS:
- abiotic factors
- xerophytic factors
- decomposition factors
- biotic factors
output: biotic factors

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: In the winter, many people find the snow and ice beautiful. They enjoy getting out to ski or ice-skate. Others don't find that time of year to be so much fun. When the snow melts, the roads get very sloppy and messy. Those people look forward to spring when all the ice and snow are gone and the weather is warmer. Q: What season causes people to look forward to spring? A:

OPTIONS:
- autumn
- fall
- summer
- winter

A: winter

input: OPTIONS:
- proteins
- fats
- carbohydrates
- sugar Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: 13.2.1 The Detailed Dark Reactions What the Dark Reactions Do: The dark reactions build sugar from carbon dioxide gas (CO2), water (H2O), and energy from ATP molecules that were charged up during the light reactions. The dark reactions occur in the stroma of a chloroplast. Dark reactions usually occur in the light, but they don't have to. They'll occur in the dark until the chloroplast's supply of ATP runs out (usually about 30 seconds). The Calvin Cycle: The Calvin Cycle is the fancy name for the metabolic pathway that builds sugar. This means that it involves a whole lot of chemical reactions, and it uses a lot of different enzymes to catalyze the reactions. Carbon dioxide gas is stable, therefore the bonds that hold the carbon and oxygen atoms are strong. Therefore it takes a lot of energy to break the bonds and separate the carbon atoms from the oxygen atoms. The energy needed to do this comes from ATP molecules. When inorganic carbon (like from CO2) is being added to an organic molecule (such as sugar), this is called carbon fixation. It takes 2 complete turns of the Calvin Cycle to make a glucose molecule. Some portions of this text is based on notes very generously donated by Paul Doerder, Ph. , of the Cleveland State University. The detailed portions are not provided by Dr. Doerder. How cells divide. Q: The calvin cycle is the fancy name for the metabolic pathway that builds what? A:
A:
output: sugar

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Chapter 2 1 The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. 3 The water hydrolyses, or breaks, the glycosidic bond, forming two monosaccharides. 4 D 6 A 8 B 10 C 12 B 14 A 16 C 18 A 20 B 22 D 24 B 26 A 28 B 30 D 32 B 33 These four elementsoxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogentogether make up more than 95 percent of the mass of the human body, and the body cannot make elements, so it is helpful to have them in consumables. 35 Magnesium's 12 electrons are distributed as follows: two in the first shell, eight in the second shell, and two in its valence shell. According to the octet rule, magnesium is unstable (reactive) because its valence shell has just two electrons. It is therefore likely to participate in chemical reactions in which it donates two electrons. 37 Water is a polar molecule. It has a region of weakly positive charge and a region of weakly negative charge. These regions are attracted to ions as well as to other polar molecules. Oils are nonpolar, and are repelled by water. 39 It is not. An exchange reaction might be AB + CD AC + BD or AB + CD AD + BC . In all chemical reactions, including exchange reactions, the components of the reactants are identical to the components of the products. A component present among the reactants cannot disappear, nor can a component not present in the reactants suddenly appear in the products. 41 Lemon juice is one hundred times more acidic than orange juice. This means that lemon juice has a one hundred-fold greater concentration of hydrogen ions. 43 Maltose contains 12 atoms of carbon, but only 22 atoms of hydrogen and 11 atoms of oxygen, because a molecule of water is removed during its formation via dehydration synthesis. Q: According to the octet rule, magnesium is unstable because its valence shell has just two of what? A:

OPTIONS:
- quarks
- neutrons
- protons
- electrons

Answer: electrons

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Plant-like protists are called algae (singular, alga). They are a large and diverse group. Some algae, diatoms, are single-celled. Others, such as seaweed, are multicellular (see Figure below ). Q: What is the name of plant-like protists? A:

OPTIONS:
- sponge
- arthropod
- bacteria
- algae

A:
algae