question: Nonverbal communication describes the process of conveying meaning in the form of non-word messages. Examples of nonverbal communication include haptic communication, chronemic communication, gestures, body language, facial expression, eye contact, and how one dresses. Nonverbal communication also relates to intent of a message. Examples of intent are voluntary, intentional movements like shaking a hand or winking, as well as involuntary, such as sweating. Speech also contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage, e.g. rhythm, intonation, tempo, and stress. There may even be a pheromone component. Research has shown that up to 55% of human communication may occur through non-verbal facial expressions, and a further 38% through paralanguage. It affects communication most at the subconscious level and establishes trust. Likewise, written texts include nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial arrangement of words and the use of emoticons to convey emotion.

Fungi communicate to coordinate and organize their growth and development such as the formation of Marcelia and fruiting bodies. Fungi communicate with their own and related species as well as with non fungal organisms in a great variety of symbiotic interactions, especially with bacteria, unicellular eukaryote, plants and insects through biochemicals of biotic origin. The biochemicals trigger the fungal organism to react in a specific manner, while if the same chemical molecules are not part of biotic messages, they do not trigger the fungal organism to react. This implies that fungal organisms can differentiate between molecules taking part in biotic messages and similar molecules being irrelevant in the situation. So far five different primary signalling molecules are known to coordinate different behavioral patterns such as filamentation, mating, growth, and pathogenicity. Behavioral coordination and production of signaling substances is achieved through interpretation processes that enables the organism to differ between self or non-self, a biotic indicator, biotic message from similar, related, or non-related species, and even filter out "noise", i.e. similar molecules without biotic content.
1. What gets filtered out?
2. Noise of what?
3. Can fungi communicate?
4. Give me an example of nonverbal communication?
5. Can you give me one example?
6. Does ones clothing communicate?
7. What about perspiration?
8. Give an example of paralanguage
9. And another example?
10. How much communication is paralanguage?
****
answer: 1. Noise
2. Similar molecules without biotic content.
3. Yes
4. The biochemicals trigger the fungal organism to react in a specific manner, while if the same chemical molecules are not part of biotic messages, they do not trigger the fungal organism to react.
5. Filamentation
6. Yes
7. Yes
8. Stress
9. Rhythm
10. 38%

question: Katherine Com male is an 11-year-old girl from Pennsylvania. At the age of five she began raising money to buy nets for children in Africa to help stop the spread of malaria . When she was five, Katherine learnt about malaria in Africa. She learnt that every 30 seconds a child died from this disease. She, also learnt that people wouldn't get that disease if they had enough bed nets. "I was really sad to learn that a child died every half a minute because of malaria." Says Katherine, "I wanted to send nets right away, so that's what I did." Five-year-old Katherine made presentations at churches and schools. She told students and others how important bed nets were for Africans. After people heard the presentations, many of them donated money. Katherine sent the money to NBN. NBN is an organization that sends bed nets to Africa. Besides,every holiday Katherine makes something called " net gift certificate" with the help of her friends and brothers. On each l0-dollar certificate there is a message. It explains that a bed net would be sent to Africa. When more certificate orders come, Katherine gets help from students in her school. Katherine has helped to raise $200,000 for NBN. "It makes me proud to help African children. I won't stop working until everyone in Africa has a bed net." says Katherine.
1. How old is Katherine
2. How often does someone die from malaria?
3. How old was she when she started raising money for children in Africa?
4. How much total has she helped to raise for NBN?
5. Where has she made presentations at?
6. What did she tell the students and other people aswell?
7. What does the organization NBN do?
8. What does Katherine make on the holidays?
9. What does the message on it explain?
10. What is the price of a gift certificate?
****
answer: 1. 11
2. every 30 seconds
3. Five
4. $200,000
5. churches and schools
6. people wouldn't get that disease if they had enough bed nets
7. sends bed nets to Africa
8. net gift certificate
9. a bed net would be sent to Africa
10. l0-dollar

question: When I was in primary school, sometimes I would meet a girl of the same age as me. Lisa was never active, but she was always very sweet and nice. In the 5th grade she came to my class.

She was absent a lot , and one day I had the courage to ask why. She told me she was sick, and she explained she wore a wig because her medicine made her lose her hair. We left it at that. Anytime Lisa came to class--seldom--I would hang around with her on the playground.

I received much ridicule from my friends for this because they thought I was ignoring them for Lisa. My family education taught me to be nice, and I felt Lisa's needs were much more important than others I knew.

It had been months since Lisa was in our class, and one day our teacher was crying. She explained Lisa died the day before and would no longer be our classmate. She told us Lisa had fought a battle with cancer for years.

I was shocked. Lisa never spoke of her illness as if it could kill her. Well, all these years I have kept Lisa in my mind and heart. When I go through the important events in my life, I think of Lisa.

I've had a strong wish recently to find her mother and father. I'd like to tell them that though they never met me, their daughter had a sweet effect on my life. I have no idea what her parents' first names are. I write to your column and hope you can point me in the right direction.

Lisa was such a lovely girl. Maybe her parents would be comforted by the fact that after all these years they are not the only ones who remember her.
1. Who came to the author's class in fifth grade?
2. Why was she losing her hair?
3. Why was the teacher crying?
4. Were their friends accepting of the attention they were showing Lisa?
5. Why was Lisa sick?
6. How long did Lisa miss class before the teacher learned she died?
7. Who is the author searching for?
8. Did Lisa have a positive effect on the author's life?
9. How did he feel when he learned that Lisa died?
10. What did Lisa wear because of her hair loss?
****
answer:
1. Lisa
2. her medicine
3. Lisa died
4. No
5. She had cancer
6. months
7. Lisa's mother and father.
8. Yes
9. shocked
10. a wig