question: the theory of the "long waves" was a godsend in this connection, since it could not be foreseen whether an end or a beginning of one of these waves had been reached.
Capitalize this past sentence correctly.
A: The theory of the "long waves" was a godsend in this connection, since it could not be foreseen whether an end or a beginning of one of these waves had been reached.

question: before you can open a aol file, you'll need to figure out what kind of file the aol file extension refers to.
Capitalize this past sentence correctly.
A: Before you can open a AOL file, you'll need to figure out what kind of file the AOL file extension refers to.

question: individuals with surname lewin
Capitalize this past sentence correctly.
A: Individuals with surname LEWIN