Q: Process: - Waste products are deposited in the blood - Blood is carried to the kidneys through the renal arteries - The kidneys contain filters inside - The filters capture the waste products - The waste is combined with water to make urine - The urine leaves the kidney and is collected in the bladder - The cleaned blood is returned to the body. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose more vegetables grown happens, how will it affect MORE waste being removed from the body. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
A: no

Q: Process: - Magma is formed when rock melts inside the Earth's crust - Magma rises - Collects inside magma chambers underneath a volcano - Pressure builds in the magma chambers as they fill - Gain energy for eruption - Some of the energy is converted into seismic activity (earthquakes) - If the magma building in the volcano is thick and sticky it will trap gases - Results in an explosive eruption when the pressure becomes too intense - If the magma is thin and runs - The magma results in a low-pressure, slow-moving flow of magma instead of a violent eruption - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose a massive change in the crust has formed happens, how will it affect there is no magma in the ground. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
A: yes

Q: Process: - To bake a cake you first need to gather your ingredients - Preheat the oven to desired baking temperature - Grease your preferred cake pan with crisco or butter or other non-stick spray - Add eggs and vegetable oil to the dry ingredients - Stir or whisk until all the dry flour has been absorbed - Pour the batter into the greased cake pan - Place cake pan into the oven for the required time - When a toothpick inserted into the cake comes out clean, the cake is done baking - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose butter is too expensive happens, how will it affect the cake will be richer. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
A: yes

Q: Process: - A conducting metal, like copper, is wrapped around a piece of metal - An electrical source, like a battery, produces an electrical current - The electrical current flows through the wire - The electrical current creates a magnetic field around the wire, magnetizing the metal - The magnetic field can be turned on and off by starting or stopping the electricity source - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose less resources available happens, how will it affect more wire available. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
A:
yes