input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Because they can cause diseases in plants, some parasitic fungi are considered what? A:
OPTIONS:
- viral
- toxic
- bacterial
- pathogenic
output: pathogenic

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: If more NH 3 were added, the reverse reaction would be favored. This "favoring" of a reaction means temporarily speeding up the reaction in that direction until equilibrium is reestablished. Recall that once equilibrium is reestablished, the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are again equal. The addition of NH 3 would result in increased formation of the reactants, N 2 and H 2 . Q: What's it called when the reaction is sped up until equilibrium is established? A:

OPTIONS:
- limiting
- pushing
- division
- favoring

A: favoring

input: OPTIONS:
- allele commonness
- trait frequency
- allele rarity
- allele frequecy Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The allele frequency (or gene frequency) is the rate at which a specific allele appears within a population. Until now we have discussed evolution as a change in the characteristics of a population of organisms, but behind that phenotypic change is genetic change. In population genetics, the term evolution is defined as a change in the frequency of an allele in a population. Using the ABO blood type system as an example, the frequency of one of the alleles, IA, is the number of [1] copies of that allele divided by all the copies of the ABO gene in the population. For example, a study in Jordan found a frequency of IA to be 26.1 percent. The IB and I0 alleles made up 13.4 percent and 60.5 percent of the alleles respectively, and all of the frequencies added up to 100 percent. A change in this frequency over time would constitute evolution in the population. The allele frequency within a given population can change depending on environmental factors; therefore, certain alleles become more widespread than others during the process of natural selection. Natural selection can alter the population's genetic makeup; for example, if a given allele confers a phenotype that allows an individual to better survive or have more offspring. Because many of those offspring will also carry the beneficial allele, and often the corresponding phenotype, they will have more offspring of their own that also carry the allele, thus, perpetuating the cycle. Over time, the allele will spread throughout the population. Some alleles will quickly become fixed in this way, meaning that every individual of the population will carry the allele, while detrimental mutations may be swiftly eliminated if derived from a dominant allele from the gene pool. The gene pool is the sum of all the alleles in a population. Sometimes, allele frequencies within a population change randomly with no advantage to the population over existing allele frequencies. This phenomenon is called genetic drift. Natural selection and genetic drift usually occur... Q: What is the rate at which a specific allele appears within a population called? A:
A:
output: allele frequecy

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Sugars are simple carbohydrates. Molecules of sugar have just a few carbon atoms. The simplest sugar is glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ). Glucose is the sugar that the cells of living things use for energy. Plants and some other organisms make glucose in the process of photosynthesis. Living things that cannot make glucose obtain it by consuming plants or these other organisms. Q: What is the sugar that the cells of living things use for energy? A:

OPTIONS:
- insulin
- sucrose
- chlorophyll
- glucose

Answer: glucose

Problem: OPTIONS:
- carbohydrates
- hormones
- proteins
- enzymes
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: This super fast train can obviously reach great speeds. And there's a lot of technology that helps this train go fast. Speaking of helping things go fast brings us to enzymes. Life could not exist without enzymes. Essentially, enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions. Q: What are biological catalysts that speeds up biochemical reactions? A:
Answer: enzymes

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Just as the burning of wood releases energy in the form of heat, many other chemical reactions also release heat. There are also chemical reactions, such as photosynthesis in plants, which absorb energy in the form of heat. The study of energy changes in chemical reactions is called thermochemistry . The broader term thermodynamics also looks at how heat, work, and various forms of energy are related to one another. In this lesson, we will study the difference between reactions that absorb versus release heat as well as how to measure this change in energy. Q: What branch of physical science looks at how heat, work, and various forms of energy are related to one another? A:

OPTIONS:
- photosynthesis
- frigidity
- transformations
- thermodynamics

Answer:
thermodynamics