Problem: OPTIONS:
- blocks it
- stops it
- decreases it
- increases it
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Ohm's law may be easier to understand with an analogy. Current flowing through a wire is like water flowing through a hose. Increasing voltage with a higher-volt battery increases the current. This is like opening the tap wider so more water flows through the hose. Increasing resistance reduces the current. This is like stepping on the hose so less water can flow through it. If you still aren't sure about the relationships among current, voltage, and resistance, watch the video at this URL: http://www. youtube. com/watch?v=KvVTh3ak5dQ. Q: Increasing voltage with a higher-volt battery does what to the current? A:
Answer: increases it

Problem:OPTIONS:
- pollenation
- regression
- separation
- nondisjunction

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Mistakes may occur during meiosis that result in nondisjunction . This is the failure of replicated chromosomes to separate during meiosis (the animation at the link below shows how this happens). Some of the resulting gametes will be missing a chromosome, while others will have an extra copy of the chromosome. If such gametes are fertilized and form zygotes, they usually do not survive. If they do survive, the individuals are likely to have serious genetic disorders. Table below lists several genetic disorders that are caused by abnormal numbers of chromosomes. Most chromosomal disorders involve the X chromosome. Look back at the X and Y chromosomes and you will see why. The X and Y chromosomes are very different in size, so nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes occurs relatively often. http://learn. genetics. utah. edu/content/begin/traits/predictdisorder/index. html. Q: What is the failure of replicated chromosomes during meiosis to separate known as? A:
****
A: nondisjunction

Answer the following question given this paragraph: In ex vivo gene therapy, done outside the body, cells are removed from the patient and the proper gene is inserted using a virus as a vector. The modified cells are placed back into the patient. Q: What is used as a vector for gene insertion in ex vivo gene therapy? A:
OPTIONS:
- typhus
- penicillin
- bacteria
- virus
virus

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Some of the present emerging diseases are not actually new, but are diseases that were catastrophic in the past (Figure 22.23). They devastated populations and became dormant for a while, just to come back, sometimes more virulent than before, as was the case with bubonic plague. Other diseases, like tuberculosis, were never eradicated but were under control in some regions of the world until coming back, mostly in urban centers with high concentrations of immunocompromised people. The WHO has identified certain diseases whose worldwide re-emergence should be monitored. Among these are two viral diseases (dengue fever and yellow fever), and three bacterial diseases (diphtheria, cholera, and bubonic plague). The war against infectious diseases has no foreseeable end. Q: Dengue fever and yellow fever are examples of diseases caused by what type of pathogen? A:
OPTIONS:
- fungi
- bacteria
- worms
- virus

Answer: virus

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Beta particles can travel up to a meter through air. They can pass through paper and cloth but not through a sheet of aluminum. They can penetrate and damage tissues beneath the skin. Q: How much distance can beta particles travel through air? A:
OPTIONS:
- centimeters
- inches
- density
- meter
Answer: meter

input: OPTIONS:
- molecules gets poisoned
- surface gets poisoned
- membrane gets poisoned
- catalyst gets poisoned Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: In catalysis, if a molecule forms strong bonds to the catalyst, then the catalyst may become poisoned. Experiments on various catalysts showed the following results: a. Fe, Ru, and Os form weak bonds with N2; however, O2, alkynes, alkenes, CO, H2, and CO2 interact more strongly. CO2 and H2 form weak bonds with a Co or Ni surface. Rh, Pd, Ir, and Pt form weak bonds with H2 but do not bond with CO2. Cu, Ag, and Au form weak bonds with CO and ethylene. Explain why Fe was chosen as a catalyst to convert nitrogen and hydrogen to ammonia. Why is Fe more suitable than Ru or Os? f. Because alkenes generally interact more strongly with metal surfaces than does H 2, what catalyst would you choose for hydrogenation of an alkene such as ethylene? g. Although platinum is used in catalytic converters for automobile exhaust, it was not found to be a particularly effective catalyst for the reaction of H2 with a mixture of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide to produce methane. Why? h. If you were interested in developing a catalyst to reversibly bind ethylene, which of the catalysts listed here would you choose? 14. Nonstoichiometric metal oxides can be effective catalysts for oxidationreduction reactions. One such catalyst is Ni1xO, found to be effective for converting CO to CO2when oxygen is present. Why is it so effective? 15. The chemical reactions in an organism can be controlled by regulating the activity of certain enzymes. Efficient regulation results in an enzyme being active only when it is needed. For example, if a cell needed. Q: What happens if a molecule forms strong bonds to the catalyst? A:
A:
output:
catalyst gets poisoned