Answer the following question given this paragraph: down to supply the blood and other tissues with these minerals. Phosphate is a normal constituent of nucleic acids; hence, blood levels of phosphate will increase whenever nucleic acids are broken down. Excretion of ions occurs mainly through the kidneys, with lesser amounts lost in sweat and in feces. Excessive sweating may cause a significant loss, especially of sodium and chloride. Severe vomiting or diarrhea will cause a loss of chloride and bicarbonate ions. Adjustments in respiratory and renal functions allow the body to regulate the levels of these ions in the ECF. Table 26.1 lists the reference values for blood plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine for the six ions addressed in this section. In a clinical setting, sodium, potassium, and chloride are typically analyzed in a routine urine sample. In contrast, calcium and phosphate analysis requires a collection of urine across a 24-hour period, because the output of these ions can vary considerably over the course of a day. Urine values reflect the rates of excretion of these ions. Bicarbonate is the one ion that is not normally excreted in urine; instead, it is conserved by the kidneys for use in the body's buffering systems. Q: Excretion of ions occurs mainly through what organ? Choices: - Heart - lungs - tissues - kidneys A:
kidneys
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Answer the following question given this paragraph: The process that produces haploid gametes is meiosis. Meiosis is a type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half. It occurs only in certain special cells of the organisms. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes separate, and haploid cells form that have only one chromosome from each pair. Two cell divisions occur during meiosis, and a total of four haploid cells are produced. The two cell divisions are called meiosis I and meiosis II. The overall process of meiosis is summarized in Figure below . You can watch an animation of meiosis at this link: http://www. youtube. com/watch?v=D1_-mQS_FZ0 . Q: What is the type of cell division where the number of chromosomes is reduced in half? Choices: - cloning - mitosis - interphase - meiosis A:
meiosis
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Answer the following question given this paragraph: The blood also carries hormones, which are chemical messenger molecules produced by organs of the endocrine system, through your body. Hormones are produced in one area of your body and have an effect on another area. To get to that other area, they must travel through your blood. An example is the hormone adrenaline, produced by the adrenal glands on top of the kidneys. Adrenaline has multiple effects on the heart (it quickens the heart rate), on muscles and on the airway. Q: What system of the body is responsible for producing hormones? Choices: - nervous system - regulatory system - homeostasis system - endocrine system A:
endocrine system
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Answer the following question given this paragraph: 6. Mercury is small, rocky and covered with craters. Why?. Q: Mercury is small, rocky and covered with what objects? Choices: - rivers - volcanoes - diamonds - craters A:
craters
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