input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Photosynthesis begins with the light reactions. It is during these reactions that the energy from sunlight is absorbed by the pigment chlorophyll in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast. The energy is then temporarily transferred to two molecules, ATP and NADPH, which are used in the second stage of photosynthesis. ATP and NADPH are generated by two electron transport chains . During the light reactions, water is used and oxygen is produced. These reactions can only occur during daylight as the process needs sunlight to begin. Q: What is produced during the light reactions in photosynthesis? A:
OPTIONS:
- carbon
- waste
- nitrogen
- oxygen
output: oxygen

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The extent of Arctic sea ice in summer has been decreasing rapidly. The ice pictured below is the sea ice minimum in 2011 ( Figure below ). The yellow line is the median minimum ice extent for 19792000. Q: What trend is occurring involving the extent of arctic sea ice in summer? A:

OPTIONS:
- slow decrease
- water decrease
- Ice growth
- rapid decrease

A: rapid decrease

input: OPTIONS:
- hinge joint
- socket joint
- shaft joint
- pivot joint Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Pivot Joint. The joint at which the radius and ulna meet is a pivot joint. Movement at this joint allows you to flip your palm over without moving your elbow joint. Q: The joint that lies between the radius and the ulna is what kind of joint? A:
A:
output: pivot joint

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Negatively charged and has a very small mass compared to the mass of other subatomic particles. Electrons were initially called cathode rays. Q: What were the electrons initially called? A:

OPTIONS:
- gamma rays
- plasma rays
- polymer rays
- cathode rays

Answer: cathode rays

Problem: OPTIONS:
- population
- landscape
- element
- climate
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Terrestrial biomes are determined mainly by climate. Q: Terrestrial biomes are determined mainly by what? A:
Answer: climate

Answer the following question given this paragraph: 28.5 Adjustments of the Infant at Birth and Postnatal Stages The first breath a newborn takes at birth inflates the lungs and dramatically alters the circulatory system, closing the three shunts that directed oxygenated blood away from the lungs and liver during fetal life. Clamping and cutting the umbilical cord collapses the three umbilical blood vessels. The proximal umbilical arteries remain a part of the circulatory system, whereas the distal umbilical arteries and the umbilical vein become fibrotic. The newborn keeps warm by breaking down brown adipose tissue in the process of nonshivering thermogenesis. The first consumption of breast milk or formula floods the newborn's sterile gastrointestinal tract with beneficial bacteria that eventually establish themselves as the bacterial flora, which aid in digestion. Q: The first consumption of breast milk or formula floods the newborn's sterile gastrointestinal tract with beneficial what? A:

OPTIONS:
- disease
- oxygen
- pathogens
- bacteria

Answer:
bacteria