Problem: Process: - Sediment settles in a place due to gravity - The sediment breaks down into small particles - Wind or water picks up the sediment - The sediment travels along the same route as the wind or water - The sediment is deposited at new locations by the wind or water - The sediment is picked up again by new wind or water - The sediment travels further - The sediment is deposited again in a new place. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose air is cleared in the lung happens, how will it affect MORE sediment being transported. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A: no

Problem: Given the question: Process: - A tree produces seeds - The seeds are dispersed by wind, animals, etc - The seeds reach the ground - Grow into new trees - These new trees produce seeds - The process repeats itself over and over - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose a tree produces less seeds happens, how will it affect there will be more trees growing. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
The answer is:
yes

input question: Process: - A fuel is heated in an oven - Above the oven is a tank of water that is sealed - The tank of water begins to boil above the oven - A the water boils steam is created - The steam is denser than air so it needs a place to go - The steam is forced out of the tank and into a piston - The piston moves up - The valve of the piston closes - The valve on the next piston opens - The steam fills the next piston, driving it up, and the other one down - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose the engine has a leak happens, how will it affect more steam is created. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process????
output answer: yes

Process: - Solar radiation reaches Earth's atmosphere - Some is reflected back into space - The rest of the energy is absorbed by land and oceans, heating the Earth - Heat radiates from Earth to space - Some of this heat is trapped by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere - Human activities such as burning fuel are increasing the amount of greenhouses gases - This causes more heat radiation to stay trapped in our atmosphere - The Earth's temperature rises - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose people are less careful about putting out their campfires happens, how will it affect trapping more heat radiation. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer: no

Q: Process: - Minerals fill spaces between bits of sediment - The sediments become glued together - The glued together parts become hard like cement - The sediment becomes a big rock - The rocks erode slowly - The rocks come apart - The rocks become smaller rocks - The rocks continue to erode into smaller rocks - The process starts again. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose person eats more food happens, how will it affect MORE sedimentary rock forming. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
A: no

[Q]: Process: - Prophase is the first and longest stage of mitosis - In this stage the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and move to opposite poles of the cell - In prophase the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and move to opposite poles of the cell - In metaphase the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell and become connected to the spindle fiber at their centromere - In anaphase the sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes and are pulled apart - During telophase the chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and lose their distinct rod-like shapes - Two new nuclear membranes then form around each of the two regions of DNA and the spindle fibers disappear. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose less nuclear membranes happens, how will it affect HURTING mitosis to proceed normally. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
****
[A]:
yes