Answer the following question given this paragraph: taste, and nutrition of butter. (Preservatives and antioxidants are also added. ) In most commercial peanut butter, the peanut oil has been partially hydrogenated to prevent it from separating out. Consumers could decrease the amount of saturated fat in their diet by using the original unprocessed oils on their foods, but most people would rather spread margarine on their toast than pour oil on it. Many people have switched from butter to margarine or vegetable shortening because of concerns that saturated animal fats can raise blood cholesterol levels and result in clogged arteries. However, during the hydrogenation of vegetable oils, an isomerization reaction occurs that produces the trans fatty acids mentioned in the opening essay. However, studies have shown that trans fatty acids also raise cholesterol levels and increase the incidence of heart disease. Trans fatty acids do not have the bend in their structures, which occurs in cis fatty acids and thus pack closely together in the same way that the saturated fatty acids do. Consumers are now being advised to use polyunsaturated oils and soft or liquid margarine and reduce their total fat consumption to less than 30% of their total calorie intake each day. Fats and oils that are in contact with moist air at room temperature eventually undergo oxidation and hydrolysis reactions that cause them to turn rancid, acquiring a characteristic disagreeable odor. One cause of the odor is the release of volatile fatty acids by hydrolysis of the ester bonds. Butter, for example, releases foul-smelling butyric, caprylic, and capric acids. Microorganisms present in the air furnish lipases that catalyze this process. Hydrolytic rancidity can easily be prevented by covering the fat or oil and keeping it in a refrigerator. Another cause of volatile, odorous compounds is the oxidation of the unsaturated fatty acid components, particularly the readily oxidized structural unit. Q: What is produced during the hydrogenation of vegetable oils? Choices: - complete fatty acids - rich fatty acids - partially-hydrogenated fatty acids - trans fatty acids A:
trans fatty acids
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Law stating that pressure in a moving fluid is less when the fluid is moving faster. Q: What is the name of the mineral that contains calcium, carbon and oxygen? Choices: - quartz - granite - cobalt - calcite A:
calcite
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Which theory suggests plant species richness increases with island size? Choices: - island biology model - island symbolic model - island ecosystem model - island equilibrium model A:
A: island equilibrium model
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Where an earthquake takes place is described by its focus and epicenter. Q: What is the center of an earthquake called? Choices: - the magnitude - the core - the impact - the epicenter A:
Answer: the epicenter
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Ladybugs, also known as ladybird beetles, have a life cycle of four to six weeks. In one year as many as six generations of ladybird beetles may hatch. In the spring, each adult female lays up to 300 eggs in small clusters on plants where aphids are present. After a week the wingless larvae hatch. Both the ladybird beetle larvae and adults are active predators, eating only aphids, scales, mites and other plant-eating insects. The ladybugs live on the vegetation where their prey is found, which includes roses, oleander, milkweed and broccoli. Adult ladybugs don't taste very good. A bird careless enough to try to eat one will not swallow it. Q: What must be present on a plant where ladybugs will lay their eggs? Choices: - dew drops - mites - butterflies - aphids A:
**Answer**
aphids
Answer the following question given this paragraph: A human sperm is a tiny cell with a tail. A human egg is much larger. Both cells are mature haploid gametes that are capable of fertilization. What process is shown in this photograph?. Q: Which is larger: the human sperm or the human egg? Choices: - same size - zygote - human sperm - human egg A:
human egg