Problem: Background: Some mutations have a positive effect on the organism in which they occur. They are called beneficial mutations . They lead to new versions of proteins that help organisms adapt to changes in their environment. Beneficial mutations are essential for evolution to occur. They increase an organism's changes of surviving or reproducing, so they are likely to become more common over time. There are several well-known examples of beneficial mutations. Here are just two: Paragraph: A sudden climate change hits Alaska and it starts to become warmer. As a result many species of mammals have started to adapt to the warmer climate and now grow less fur. Given the paragraph above, please answer correctly the following question: Given the mammals growing less fur is a beneficial mutation, will less fur become more common or less common?

A: more

Problem: Background: Fish reproduce sexually. They lay eggs that can be fertilized either inside or outside of the body. In most fish, the eggs develop outside of the mother's body. In the majority of these species, fertilization also takes place outside the mother's body. The male and female fish release their gametes into the surrounding water, where fertilization occurs. Female fish release very high numbers of eggs to increase the chances of fertilization. Paragraph: Two neighboring ponds were stocked with adult fish last year. Hill pond had a very nice winter and the fish started reproducing normally, while Mound pond had no fish reproducing this spring. Given the paragraph above, please answer correctly the following question: Which pond had more fish release their gametes into the surrounding water?

A: Hill

Problem: Background: Marine pollution is a generic term for the entry into the ocean of potentially hazardous chemicals or particles. The biggest culprits are rivers and with them many agriculture fertilizer chemicals as well as livestock and human waste. The excess of oxygen-depleting chemicals leads to hypoxia and the creation of a dead zone.Marine debris, which is also known as marine litter, describes human-created waste floating in a body of water. Oceanic debris tends to accumulate at the center of gyres and coastlines, frequently washing aground where it is known as beach litter. Paragraph: Guyana and Nigeria had thriving economies. Guyana's economy was based on conventional agriculture, while Nigeria attracted an enormous number of tourists to its splendid beaches each year. Given the paragraph above, please answer correctly the following question: Which country caused less fertilizer to reach into the ocean?

A: Nigeria

Problem: Background: Gibberellins are hormones that cause the plant to grow. When gibberellins are applied to plants by scientists, the stems grow longer. Some gardeners or horticulture scientists add gibberellins to increase the growth of plants. Dwarf plants (small plants), on the other hand, have low levels of gibberellins ( Figure below ). Another function of gibberellins is to stop dormancy (resting time) of seeds and buds. Gibberellins signal that it's time for a seed to germinate (sprout) or for a bud to open. Paragraph: Two teams of agriculturists used different methods to improve production. Team Corn used organic methods, and team Plum used gibberellins for their crops. Given the paragraph above, please answer correctly the following question: Which team stopped dormancy (resting time) of buds?

A:
Plum