TASK DEFINITION: Generate an explanation for the given claim using the provided supporting material from the paragraph. Please consider the following points while generating an output. 1) The claim will always have supporting proof in the paragraph, and the paragraph will have a clear point of view supporting the claim. 2) There can be instances where direct correlation to the claim is not available. Make use of the sentences in the paragraph to provide a corresponding output supporting the claim. 3) The explanation should be at least one and at most twelve sentences long.
PROBLEM: Paragraph: The black rhinos died of salt poisoning following the decision by the Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) to ignore water test results in Tsavo East National Park, the committee's report said. The deaths of the endangered animals, being moved to a more secure home in the face of the threat from poachers, were a major embarrassment to Kenya, which sells itself as destination for wildlife tourism. The inquiry said WWF, which donated $1 million for the relocation in June 2018, applied pressure on KWS to speed up the process in a bid to generate positive publicity and secure funding for itself from Germany. WWF denied the allegations in the inquiry report, which was made public last week, saying KWS had carried out hydrological surveys and given assurances the park was safe and suitable. "At no point either before or during the translocations were any issues raised about the quality of the water on the site," WWF said by email. "We would never push for a translocation to go ahead against the recommendations of the relevant experts. This was a tragedy we hope will never be repeated." The parliamentary committee's inquiry said the relocation took place during a period in 2018 when the term of one KWS board had ended and before a new one had begun, creating a lack of oversight. The report said KWS's former board of trustees had rejected the relocation three times in part because of the high salinity levels of the drinking water in the park. The report said Najib Balala, the minister of tourism and wildlife, should take overall responsibility for the rhinos' deaths because he delayed the appointment of the new KWS board. The minister's spokesman declined to comment. The KWS could not be immediately reached to comment. However, Richard Leakey, former chairperson of KWS, told the inquiry: "WWF-Kenya, as the funding entity, was alleged to have had a major interference onthe board resolution against the translocation, and consequently pushed for theexercise after the exit of the board." WWF said it was saddened by the loss of the rhinos and it fully recognized the "serious failings of this operation". "In response, we have strengthened existing practices and implemented brand new organizational guidelines to mitigate future risk as far as possible." Kenya had a rhino population of 1,258 in 2017 of which 745 were black rhinos, 510 were southern white rhinos and three were northern white rhinos, having grown from less than 400 rhinos in the 1980s. Poaching has risen in recent years across sub-Saharan Africa where well-armed criminal gangs have killed elephants for tusks and rhinos for horns. Often the animal parts are shipped to Asia for use in ornaments and medicines. Claim: WWF says it did not push for rhino relocation process where 11 died.

SOLUTION: The World Wildlife Fund has rejected the findings of a Kenyan parliamentary inquiry that said the conservation group pushed Kenyan authorities to speed up a botched relocation of 14 rhinos last year that led to the deaths of 11 animals.

PROBLEM: Paragraph: Does the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, an American bastion of serious scientific research with dozens of Nobel laureates among its alumni, really offer its over-achieving students something called a "Pirate Certificate"? That's the claim that the History Hustle Facebook page makes in a widely-shared January 2018 meme that reads: Want to be a pirate? Massachusetts Institute of Technology awards official "Pirate Certificates" to students who complete courses in archery, pistol shooting, sailing and fencing. It's true. Since the Fall semester of 2011, the university's Physical Education department has been handing out physical "pirate certificates" to any student undergraduate or graduate who has successfully completed courses in archery, fencing, pistol/rifle shooting and sailing. The department appears to hold frequent "Pirate Induction" days; and its Facebook page shows a fairly steady stream of extremely happy-looking MIT students showing off their new pirate certificates, invariably dressed in pirate garb, some of which appears to be provided by the school for the occasion. The certificate itself is made of "faux parchment," according to the Slice of MIT alumni blog, and has this tongue-in-cheek wording: This document certifies that the below-mentioned salty dog has fulfilled the Physical Education General Institute Requirement by completing Archery, Fencing, Pistol and Sailing [and] therefore is no longer a lily-livered landlubber. And so, MIT Physical Education Confers upon [STUDENT'S NAME] The Pirate Certificate, with all its privileges and obligations. Given at the swashbucklin' Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Ahoy, Avast and finally, Arrrrrr! Jacob Hurwitz a 2014 MIT graduate and proud owner of the document shown above told us that the pirate certificate was a "legend" that had "been around" forever, with some students reputedly printing off t-shirts claiming to be pirates, after completing the four key physical education courses. "As best as I can tell," Hurwitz told us by email, "the pirate's license was probably a joke invented by students" before being made official by university authorities. A survey sent out to students in late 2010 shows that the pirate certificate had been requested by a "student focus group," and that the names "pirate award" and "pirate degree" were also considered. Despite not fulfilling the criteria by completing the four physical education prerequisites, Matt Damon became the most famous recipient of the MIT pirate certificate to date, when he attended the university's graduation ceremony in 2016 and delivered the commencement address: Claim: "MIT offers a ""pirate certificate"" to students who complete four physical education courses."

SOLUTION: The prestigious university counts among its alumni Nobel laureates, leaders of science and industry, and a fleet of certified swashbucklers.

PROBLEM: Paragraph: "Practically all our purchases of equipment in China are not being confirmed," Minister Luiz Henrique Mandetta said at a news conference. An attempt to buy 15,000 ventilators in China failed and Brazil was making a new bid, he said, but the outcome is uncertain in the intense competition for medical supplies in the global pandemic. Last week, Mandetta referred to being outbid for Chinese supplies and on Tuesday he noted "difficulties" in guaranteeing purchases. In one positive sign for Brazil's supply crunch, a private company said it managed to buy 40 tonnes of masks and test kits from China, with the shipment arriving by cargo plane in Brasilia on Wednesday. The purchase of 6 million masks and other protective equipment worth 160 million reais ($30 million) was undertaken by pharmaceutical and hospital equipment company Nutriex, based in Goiania, 220 km (138 miles) east of Brasilia. The firm plans to donate part of the order to medical institutions. Health authorities began to sound the alarm this week over supply shortages as hospitals faced growing numbers of patients with COVID-19, the respiratory disease caused by the new coronavirus. Confirmed cases of coronavirus infection in the country soared to 15,927 on Wednesday, with the death toll rising by 133 in just 24 hours to 800, the ministry said. Rio de Janeiro reported the first deaths from coronavirus in the city's hillside slums, called favelas, alarming authorities who fear rapid contagion in these crowded communities that have limited access to medical care and often lack running water for hygiene. Two of the six deaths occurred in Rocinha, one of the largest slums in South America. The virus has spread to 10 of Rio's favelas, potentially affecting 2 million people, the mayor's office said. Mandetta reported the first case of coronavirus among the Yanomami people on the country's largest reservation for indigenous tribes and said the government plans to build a field hospital for tribes that are vulnerable to contagion. "We are extremely concerned about the indigenous communities," Mandetta said. Anthropologists and health experts warn that the epidemic could have a devastating impact on Brazil's 850,000 indigenous people whose lifestyle in tribal villages rules out social distancing. President Jair Bolsonaro said in an address to the nation that the anti-malaria drug hydroxychloroquine was saving lives of coronavirus patients and should be used in the initial stages of COVID-19. Due to the absence of scientific evidence on its effectiveness and safety, Brazil's health authorities limit its use to seriously ill patients who are in hospital. Mandetta said Brazil has hired local unlisted medical equipment maker Magnamed to make 6,000 ventilators in 90 days. Pulp and paper companies Suzano SA and Klabin SA, planemaker Embraer SA, information technology provider Positivo Tecnologia SA and automaker Fiat Chrysler have also offered to help build ventilators, he said. Claim: Brazil turns to local industry to build ventilators as China orders fall through.

SOLUTION:
Brazil's health minister said on Wednesday that the country's attempts to purchase thousands of ventilators from China to fight the coronavirus epidemic fell through and the government is now looking to Brazilian companies to build the devices.