input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. Phonology is a branch of linguistics concerned with the systematic organization of sounds in languages. It has traditionally focused largely on the study of the systems of phonemes in particular languages (and therefore used to be also called phonemics, or phonematics), but it may also cover any linguistic analysis either at a level beneath the word (including syllable, onset and rime, articulatory gestures, articulatory features, mora, etc.) or at all levels of language where sound is considered to be structured for conveying linguistic meaning. Phonology also includes the study of equivalent organizational systems in sign languages.

The word phonology (as in the phonology of English) can also refer to the phonological system (sound system) of a given language. This is one of the fundamental systems which a language is considered to comprise, like its syntax and its vocabulary.

Phonology is often distinguished from phonetics. While phonetics concerns the physical production, acoustic transmission and perception of the sounds of speech, phonology describes the way sounds function within a given language or across languages to encode meaning. For many linguists, phonetics belongs to descriptive linguistics, and phonology to theoretical linguistics, although establishing the phonological system of a language is necessarily an application of theoretical principles to analysis of phonetic evidence. Note that this distinction was not always made, particularly before the development of the modern concept of the phoneme in the mid 20th century. Some subfields of modern phonology have a crossover with phonetics in descriptive disciplines such as psycholinguistics and speech perception, resulting in specific areas like articulatory phonology or laboratory phonology. 1. When was the concept of the phoneme put forth?
2. Does phonology usually focus on phonemes is certain languages?
3. Did phonology have a different name at one point?
4. More than one?
5. What is one of those names?
6. And the other name?
7. Is phonology commonly differentiated from something?
8. From what?
9. How many concepts does phonetics concern?
10. And one of those concepts is?
11. And another one?
12. And the last one?
13. According to people who work in the field to which brand of linguistics does phonetics belong to?
14. And does phonology belong to a specific one?
15. Which one?
16. What is a person called who works in this field?
17. Can sign languages fall under this field in linguistics?
18. Under what branch specifically?
19. Can a sound system be considered part of a fundamental system of a language?
numbered_answers: 1. the mid 20th century.
2. yes
3. yes
4. yes
5. phonematics
6. phonemics
7. yes
8. phonetics
9. Three
10. physical production of the sounds of speech
11. the acoustic transmission of those sounds
12. The perception of the sounds
13. descriptive linguistics
14. yes
15. theoretical linguistics
16. linguist
17. yes
18. Phonology
19. yes

input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. One day in 1924, five men who were camping in the Cascade Mountains saw a group of huge apelike creatures coming out of the woods. They hurried back to their wooden house and locked themselves inside. While they were in, the creatures threw rocks against the house. Several hours later these strange hairy giants went back into the woods. After the men returned to the town and told the people about their adventure, _ . These were the people who remembered hearing tales about footprints of an animal that walked like a human being. The five men, however, were not the first to have seen these creatures called Bigfoot. Long before their experience, the local Native Americans were certain that a group of apelike animals had been living in the _ mountain for centuries. In 1958, some workers, who were building a road through the jungles of Northern California, often found huge footprints in the earth around their camp. Then in 1967, Roger Patterson, a man who was interested in finding Bigfoot, went into the same jungles with a friend. While riding, they were suddenly thrown off from their horses. Patterson saw a tall apelike animal standing not far away. He managed to take photos of the hairy creature before it disappeared in the jungles. When Patterson's photos were shown to the public, not many people believed his story. Richard Brown, an experienced hunter, discovered a similar creature. He saw the animal clearly through the telescopic lens of his rifle . He said the creature looked more like a human being than an animal. Later many other people also found deep footprints in the same area. In spite of regular reports of sightings and footprints, most experts still do not believe that Bigfoot really exists . 1. Who was camping one day?
2. Where?
3. What did they see?
4. What were they?
5. Were they the first to see them?
6. Who else saw them?
7. Who else?
8. Did he take a video of it?
9. How about a picture?
10. Did he show anyone?
numbered_answers: 1. five men
2. Cascade Mountains
3. group of huge apelike creatures
4. Bigfoo
5. no
6. local Native Americans
7. Roger Patterson
8. no
9. yes
10. yes

input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. It's Sunday. Children don't go to school on Sundays. But Kate gets up early in the morning. "It's my birthday. I'm eight years old today." she thinks, "Where are Dad and Mum? I want to know what they can give me for my birthday." Her father and mother are not at home. They are going shopping. And now they are talking about what to buy for Kate. ---- Dad: How about the doll? It looks nice. I think Kate would like the doll. ---- Mom: I don't think so. She is not a little girl. I think she likes a new dress. Girls often like new dresses very much. ---Dad: But she has a few new dresses and some new blouses. Oh, I think she must be very happy to have a box of colorful pencils and some picture books. Do you think so? ----- Mom: Yes. Let's go over there and buy them. 1. What day is it?
2. What is special about Sundays?
3. What is special about this particular Sunday?
4. Whose birthday?
5. Who is the story about?
6. How old is she?
7. Are her parents home with her?
8. Where are they?
9. Who are they shopping for?
10. Do they agree on what to buy her?
11. What does her dad first want to buy her?
12. Does the mom agree with him?
13. Why not?
14. Why does she want to get her a dress?
15. Does the dad agree?
16. Why not?
17. Do they ever agree on anything?
18. What?
19. Whose idea was that?
20. What time of the day is all this happening?
21. Should they shop earlier next year lol?
numbered_answers:
1. Sunday.
2. Children don't go to school
3. It's my birthday.
4. my birthday
5. Kate
6. eight years old
7. no
8. Shopping
9. Kate
10. Yes
11. doll
12. No
13. She is not a little girl, she wants a new dress.
14. Girls like dresses.
15. No
16. She has a few new dresses and some new blouses.
17. Yes
18. box of colorful pencils and some picture books
19. Dad
20. early in the morning
21. Yes