Question: Information: - Alfred Thayer Mahan [mhn] (September 27, 1840 December 1, 1914) was a United States naval officer and historian, whom John Keegan called "the most important American strategist of the nineteenth century." His book the "The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, 16601783" (1890) won immediate recognition, especially in Europe, and with its successor, "The Influence of Sea Power Upon the French Revolution and Empire, 1793-1812" (1892), made him world famous and perhaps the most influential American author of the nineteenth century. - The Battle of Jutland (the Battle of Skagerrak) was a naval battle fought by the British Royal Navy's Grand Fleet under Admiral Sir John Jellicoe, against the Imperial German Navy's High Seas Fleet under Vice-Admiral Reinhard Scheer during the First World War. The battle unfolded from 31 May to 1 June 1916 in the North Sea, near the coast of Denmark's Jutland Peninsula. It was the largest naval battle in that war and the only full-scale clash of battleships. Jutland was the third fleet action between steel battleships, following the smaller but more decisive battles of the Yellow Sea (1904) and Tsushima (1905) during the Russo-Japanese War. Jutland was the last major battle fought primarily by battleships in world history. - Alfred Peter Friedrich von Tirpitz (19 March 1849 6 March 1930) was a German "Groadmiral" (grand admiral), Secretary of State of the German Imperial Naval Office, the powerful administrative branch of the German Imperial Navy from 1897 until 1916. Prussia never had a major navy, nor did the other German states before the German Empire was formed in 1871. Tirpitz took the modest Imperial Navy and, starting in the 1890s, turned it into a world-class force that could threaten the British Royal Navy. His navy, however, was not strong enough to confront the British successfully in the First World War; the one great engagement at sea, the Battle of Jutland, ended in a draw with both sides claiming victory. Tirpitz turned to submarine warfare, which antagonised the United States. He was dismissed in 1916 and never regained power. - Hans Ludwig Raimund von Koester ( 29 April 1844 -- 21 February 1928 ) was a German naval officer who served in the Prussian Navy and later in the Imperial German Navy . He retired as a Grand Admiral . - The Imperial German Navy ("Imperial Navy") was the navy created at the time of the formation of the German Empire. It existed between 1871 and 1919, growing out of the small Prussian Navy (from 1867 the "Norddeutsche Bundesmarine"), which primarily had the mission of coastal defence. Kaiser Wilhelm II greatly expanded the navy, and enlarged its mission. The key leader was Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz, who greatly expanded the size and quality of the navy, while adopting the sea power theories of American strategist Alfred Thayer Mahan. The result was a naval arms race with Britain as the German navy grew to become one of the greatest maritime forces in the world, second only to the Royal Navy. The German surface navy proved ineffective during World War I; its only major engagement, the Battle of Jutland, was indecisive. However, the submarine fleet was greatly expanded and posed a major threat to the British supply system. The Imperial Navy's main ships were turned over to the Allies, but then were sunk at Scapa Flow in 1919 by German crews. What object entity has the relation of 'conflict' with the subject 'hans von koester'? Choices: - battle of jutland - french revolution - world war - world war i
Answer: world war i

Question: Information: - An academic or scholarly journal is a periodical publication in which scholarship relating to a particular academic discipline is published. Academic journals serve as permanent and transparent forums for the presentation, scrutiny and discussion of research. They are usually peer-reviewed or refereed. Content typically takes the form of articles presenting original research, review articles, and book reviews. The purpose of an academic journal, according to the first editor of the world's oldest academic journal Henry Oldenburg, is to give researchers a venue to "impart their knowledge to one another, and contribute what they can to the Grand design of improving natural knowledge, and perfecting all Philosophical Arts, and Sciences." - Philosophical Perspectives is an annual peer-reviewed academic journal of philosophy. Each annual volume is dedicated to a specific theme addressing philosophical problems. The founding editor-in-chief was James E. Tomberlin, who edited the series from 1987 to 2002. "Philosophical Perspectives" became a supplement to "Nous" in 1996 and is currently published by Wiley-Blackwell. - Wiley-Blackwell is the international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons. It was formed by the merger of John Wiley's Global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing, after Wiley took over the latter in 2007. - Philosophy (from Greek , "philosophia", literally "love of wisdom") is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. The term was probably coined by Pythagoras (c. 570 c. 495 BC). Philosophical methods include questioning, critical discussion, rational argument and systematic presentation. Classic philosophical questions include: Is it possible to know anything and to prove it? What is most real? However, philosophers might also pose more practical and concrete questions such as: Is there a best way to live? Is it better to be just or unjust (if one can get away with it)? Do humans have free will? - Nous is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal on philosophy published by Wiley-Blackwell. It was established in 1967 by Hector-Neri Castaneda and is currently edited by Ernest Sosa (Rutgers University). The journal is accompanied by two annual supplements, "Philosophical Issues" and "Philosophical Perspectives". - Philosophical Issues is an annual supplement to the journal Nous published periodically , usually once per year . Each issue explores a specific area of philosophy through invited papers , critical studies , and book symposia . Philosophical Issues was published by Ridgeview Publishing Company for the first nine volumes . It became a supplement to Nous in 2000 , and is currently published by Wiley - Blackwell . - Ernest Sosa (born June 17, 1940) is an American philosopher primarily interested in epistemology. He is Board of Governors Professor of Philosophy at Rutgers University since 2007, but spent most of his career at Brown University. - Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, commonly referred to as Rutgers University, Rutgers, or RU, is an American public research university and the largest institution for higher education in New Jersey. What object entity has the relation of 'instance of' with the subject 'philosophical issues'? Choices: - academic journal - argument - editor - education - humans - journal - june - language - peer - philosophy - presentation - public - publication - publishing - reason - research - scholarship - series - state - study - supplement - theme - university - year
Answer:
academic journal