Answer the following question given this paragraph: Of all electromagnetic waves, gamma rays have the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies. Because of their very high frequencies, gamma rays have more energy than any other electromagnetic waves. Q: Which of the electromagnetic waves have the shortest wavelengths and highest frequencies? A:

OPTIONS:
- ultraviolet
- beta
- plasma
- gamma

Answer: gamma

Problem: OPTIONS:
- food
- air
- habitat
- water
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Each organism has the ability to survive in a specific environment. Dry desert environments are difficult to live in. Desert plants have special stems and leaves to conserve water. Animals have other ways to live in the desert. The Namib Desert receives only 1.5 inches of rainfall each year. The Namib Desert beetle lives there. How do the beetles get enough water to survive? Early morning fog deposits water droplets. The droplets collect on a beetle's wings and back. The beetle tilts its rear end up. When the droplet is heavy enough, it slides forward. It lands in the beetle's mouth. There are many other environments that need unique approaches for survival ( Figure below ). Q: Desert plants have special stems and leaves to conserve what? A:
Answer: water

Problem:OPTIONS:
- periosteum
- epidermis
- stroma
- mesophyll

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Veins subdivide repeatedly and branch throughout what? A:
****
A: mesophyll

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The primary function of leaves is to collect sunlight and make food by photosynthesis. Q: The process by which leaves collect sunlight and make food is called this? A:
OPTIONS:
- budding
- glycolysis
- pollination
- photosynthesis
photosynthesis

Answer the following question given this paragraph: An aquifer is an underground layer of rock that is saturated with groundwater. One of the biggest aquifers in the world is the Ogallala aquifer in the American Midwest. Q: An aquifer is an underground layer of rock that is saturated with what? A:
OPTIONS:
- ocean water
- wastewater
- oil
- groundwater

Answer: groundwater

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Energy Budgets, Reproductive Costs, and Sexual Selection in Drosophila Research into how animals allocate their energy resources for growth, maintenance, and reproduction has used a variety of experimental animal models. Some of this work has been done using the common fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Studies have shown that not only does reproduction have a cost as far as how long male fruit flies live, but also fruit flies that have already mated several times have limited sperm remaining for reproduction. Fruit flies maximize their last chances at reproduction by selecting optimal mates. In a 1981 study, male fruit flies were placed in enclosures with either virgin or inseminated females. The males that mated with virgin females had shorter life spans than those in contact with the same number of inseminated females with which they were unable to mate. This effect occurred regardless of how large (indicative of their age) the males were. Thus, males that did not mate lived longer, allowing them more opportunities to find mates in the future. More recent studies, performed in 2006, show how males select the female with which they will mate and [3] how this is affected by previous matings (Figure 45.8). Males were allowed to select between smaller and larger females. Findings showed that larger females had greater fecundity, producing twice as many offspring per mating as the smaller females did. Males that had previously mated, and thus had lower supplies of sperm, were termed "resource-depleted," while males that had not mated were termed "nonresource-depleted. " The study showed that although non-resource-depleted males preferentially mated with larger females, this selection of partners was more pronounced in the resource-depleted males. Thus, males with depleted sperm supplies, which were limited in the number of times that they could mate before they replenished their sperm supply, selected larger, more fecund females, thus maximizing their chances for offspring. This study was one of the first to... Q: Studies have shown that not only does reproduction have a cost as far as how long male fruit flies live, but also fruit flies that have already mated several times have limited amounts of this? A:
OPTIONS:
- dna
- eggs
- chromosomes
- sperm
output:
sperm