You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.
This task involves creating questions from a given passage that involve some kind of complex reasoning (including numerical reasoning).
The generated questions must require looking at more than one part of the passage to answer. Try to use a variety of reasoning types in your questions (some of the sample reasoning types are illustrated in the 'positive examples' field) and also have a variety of answer types (spans, numbers, dates). A span is a continuous phrase taken directly from the passage or question. In such questions, the answer spans are recommended to be five words. Questions with answer type "number", are expected to start with "How many". For instance, "How long did an event last?" can be phrased as "How many years did an event last?". To increase diversity, try to create more questions for which the answer will be multiple spans. Please create questions that require AT LEAST 2 arithmetic operations as illustrated in the 'positive examples' field. You are encouraged to try DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS of operations and not just limit to the combinations shown in those examples. The more challenging questions you create, the better it is.

Passage: With a population of 80.2 million according to the 2011 census, rising to 81.5 million and to at least 81.9 million , Germany is the most populous country in the European Union, the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and ranks as the List of countries by population in the world. Its List of sovereign states and dependent territories by population density stands at 227 inhabitants per square kilometre (588 per square mile). The overall List of countries by life expectancy at birth is 80.19 years (77.93 years for males and 82.58 years for females). The Total fertility rate of 1.41 children born per woman (2011 estimates), or 8.33 births per 1000 inhabitants, is one of the List of sovereign states and dependent territories by fertility rate. Since the 1970s, Germanys death rate has exceeded its birth rate. However, Germany is witnessing increased birth rates and migration rates since the beginning of the 2010s, particularly a rise in the number of well-educated migrants.
Output:
How many countries in Europe are more populous than Germany?