Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

"I left Tangier, my birthplace, the 13th of June 1325 with the intention of making the pilgrimage to Mecca... to leave all my friends both female and male, to abandon my home as birds abandon their nests." So begins an old manuscript in a library in Paris-the travel journal of Ibn Battuta.

Almost two centuries before Columbus, Ibn Battuta set off for Mecca, returning home three decades later as one of history's great travelers. Driven by curiosity, he journeyed to remote comers of the Islamic world, traveling through 44 modern countries, three times as far as Marco Polo. Little celebrated in the West, his name is well known among Arabs. In his hometown of Tangier, a square, a hotel, a cafe, a ferry boat, and even a hamburger are named after him.

Ibn Battuta stayed in Mecca as a student for several years, but the urge to travel soon took over. In one adventure, he traveled to India seeking profitable employment with the sultan of Delhi.On the way, he described his group being attacked in the open country by 80 men on foot, and two horsemen. "We fought... killing one of their horsemen and about twelve of the foot soldiers... I was hit by an arrow and my horse by another, but God in his grace preserved me... ". In Delhi, the sultan gave him the position of judge, based on his _ study at Mecca. But the sultan had an unpredictable character, and Ibn Battuta looked for an opportunity to leave. When the sultan offered to finance a trip to China, he agreed. IbnBattuta set off in three ships, but misfortune struck while he was still on the shore. A sudden storm grounded and broke up two ships, scattering treasure and drowning many people and horses. As he watched, the third ship with all his belongings and slaves (one carrying his child), was carried out to sea and never heard from again.

After a lifetime of incredible adventures, Ibn Battuta was finally ordered by the sultan of Morocco to return home to share his wisdom with the world. Fortunately, he agreed and wrote a book that has been translated into numerous languages, allowing people everywhere to read about his unparalleled journeys.

1. When did IBN Battuta leave for Mecca?
2. When did he return?
3. How many countries did he go through?
4. Compared to Marco Polo, how far did he travel?
5. Is he famous with Arabs?
6. Where was he born?
7. On what date?
8. What did he do while in Mecca?
9. What did he hope to do in India?
10. Did he have a peaceful journey?
11. How many men attacked him on foot?
12. How many horsemen?
13. How many horsemen were killed?
14. Who did he think preserved him?
15. What job did he get in Delhi?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. 1325
2. three decades later
3. 44
4. three times as far
5. yes
6. Tangier
7. unknown
8. studied
9. work with the sultan of Delhi
10. no
11. 80
12. two
13. one
14. God
15. judge

Question: Zionism ( "Tsiyyonut" after "Zion") is the national movement of the Jewish people that supports the re-establishment of a Jewish homeland in the territory defined as the historic Land of Israel (roughly corresponding to Canaan, the Holy Land, or the region of Palestine). Modern Zionism emerged in the late 19th century in Central and Eastern Europe as a national revival movement, in reaction to anti-Semitic and exclusionary nationalist movements in Europe. Soon after this, most leaders of the movement associated the main goal with creating the desired state in Palestine, then an area controlled by the Ottoman Empire.

Until 1948, the primary goals of Zionism were the re-establishment of Jewish sovereignty in the Land of Israel, ingathering of the exiles, and liberation of Jews from the antisemitic discrimination and persecution that they experienced during their diaspora. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, Zionism continues primarily to advocate on behalf of Israel and to address threats to its continued existence and security.

A religious variety of Zionism supports Jews upholding their Jewish identity defined as adherence to religious Judaism, opposes the assimilation of Jews into other societies, and has advocated the return of Jews to Israel as a means for Jews to be a majority nation in their own state. A variety of Zionism, called cultural Zionism, founded and represented most prominently by Ahad Ha'am, fostered a secular vision of a Jewish "spiritual center" in Israel. Unlike Herzl, the founder of political Zionism, Ahad Ha'am strived for Israel to be "a Jewish state and not merely a state of Jews". 1. when did modern Zionism emerge?
2. where?
3. was it established as a reaction to something?
4. what?
5. what was it's objective?
6. for who?
7. is the location of the state mentioned?
8. where is it?
9. does that correspond to anything else?
10. what?
11. does it have a historical name?
12. what?
13. did the objective of the movement ever shift?
14. when?
15. why?
16. what are the new objectives?
17. anything else?
18. what? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. in the late 19th century
2. in Central and Eastern Europe
3. yes
4. to anti-Semitic movements
5. to create the desired state
6. Jews
7. yes
8. in Palestine
9. yes
10. to Canaan,
11. yes
12. Land of Israel
13. yes
14. in 1948
15. State of Israel was established
16. to advocate on behalf of Israel
17. yes
18. to address threats to its continued existence and security

Q: The Union Army or Federal Army was the land force that fought for the Union during the American Civil War, 1861 to 1865. It included the permanent regular army of the United States, which was augmented by massive numbers of temporary units consisting of volunteers as well as conscripts. The Union Army fought and defeated the Confederate Army during the war. At least two and a half million men served in the Union Army; almost all were volunteers. About 360,000 Union soldiers died from all causes; 280,000 were wounded and 200,000 deserted.

When the American Civil War began in April 1861, there were only 16,000 men in the U.S. Army, and of these many Southern officers resigned and joined the Confederate army. The U.S. Army consisted of ten regiments of infantry, four of artillery, two of cavalry, two of dragoons, and three of mounted infantry. The regiments were scattered widely. Of the 197 companies in the army, 179 occupied 79 isolated posts in the West, and the remaining 18 manned garrisons east of the Mississippi River, mostly along the CanadaUnited States border and on the Atlantic coast.

With the Southern slave states declaring secession from the Union, and with this drastic shortage of men in the army, President Abraham Lincoln called on the states to raise a force of 75,000 men for three months to put down the insurrection. Lincoln's call forced the border states to choose sides, and four seceded, making the Confederacy eleven states strong. The war proved to be longer and more extensive than anyone North or South had expected, and on July 22, 1861, Congress authorized a volunteer army of 500,000 men.

1. American Civil War,
2. 1861 to 1865
3. At least two and a half million
4. 21
5. no
6. 179
7. isolated posts
8. east of the Mississippi River
9. 18
10. garrisons
11. 75,000
12. three months
13. put down the insurrection
14. no
15. July 22, 1861
16. no

Numbered questions:
1. Name a battle the Federal Army fought in?
2. During what years?
3. How many men were in the army at the beginning of the battle?
4. How many regiments were there?
5. Were they close to each other?
6. How many companies were in the West?
7. What were they occupying?
8. At what location was the rest of the companies?
9. How many were there?
10. What were they guarding?
11. How many men did Lincoln demand?
12. for how long?
13. For what?
14. Did anyone expect the length of the war?
15. When did Congress approve volunteer fighters?
16. Male and female?