Problem: In the James Bond series by Ian Fleming, James Bond, reads The Times. As described by Fleming in From Russia, with Love: "The Times was the only paper that Bond ever read."
What is the name of the spy and hero in Ian Fleming's books?
The answer is the following: James Bond

On July 1, 1988, the fourth and last day of a bruising 19th Party Conference, Gorbachev won the backing of the tired delegates for his last-minute proposal to create a new supreme legislative body called the Congress of People's Deputies. Frustrated by the old guard's resistance, Gorbachev embarked on a set of constitutional changes to try to separate party and state, and thereby isolate his conservative Party opponents. Detailed proposals for the new Congress of People's Deputies were published on October 2, 1988, and to enable the creation of the new legislature the Supreme Soviet, during its November 29December 1, 1988, session, implemented amendments to the 1977 Soviet Constitution, enacted a law on electoral reform, and set the date of the election for March 26, 1989.
What was the ideology of Gorbachev's opponents?
conservative

Input: Middle Ages
Legal studies advanced during the 12th century. Both secular law and canon law, or ecclesiastical law, were studied in the High Middle Ages. Secular law, or Roman law, was advanced greatly by the discovery of the Corpus Juris Civilis in the 11th century, and by 1100 Roman law was being taught at Bologna. This led to the recording and standardisation of legal codes throughout Western Europe. Canon law was also studied, and around 1140 a monk named Gratian (fl. 12th century), a teacher at Bologna, wrote what became the standard text of canon lawthe Decretum.

In what century was the Corpus Juris Civilis rediscovered?
Output: 11th

Input: Article: One way of proving that a given disease is "infectious", is to satisfy Koch's postulates (first proposed by Robert Koch), which demands that the infectious agent be identified only in patients and not in healthy controls, and that patients who contract the agent also develop the disease. These postulates were first used in the discovery that Mycobacteria species cause tuberculosis. Koch's postulates can not be applied ethically for many human diseases because they require experimental infection of a healthy individual with a pathogen produced as a pure culture. Often, even clearly infectious diseases do not meet the infectious criteria. For example, Treponema pallidum, the causative spirochete of syphilis, cannot be cultured in vitro - however the organism can be cultured in rabbit testes. It is less clear that a pure culture comes from an animal source serving as host than it is when derived from microbes derived from plate culture. Epidemiology is another important tool used to study disease in a population. For infectious diseases it helps to determine if a disease outbreak is sporadic (occasional occurrence), endemic (regular cases often occurring in a region), epidemic (an unusually high number of cases in a region), or pandemic (a global epidemic).

Now answer this question: What is Koch's second postulate?

Output: patients who contract the agent also develop the disease

Article: The Republic of the Congo received full independence from France on August 15, 1960. Fulbert Youlou ruled as the country's first president until labour elements and rival political parties instigated a three-day uprising that ousted him. The Congolese military took charge of the country briefly and installed a civilian provisional government headed by Alphonse Massamba-Debat.

Question: Who took control of the company during the transition from Youlou to Debat?
Ans: Congolese military

Input: Boston
Boston has a continental climate with some maritime influence, and using the 3 C (27 F) coldest month (January) isotherm, the city lies within the transition zone from a humid subtropical climate (Koppen Cfa) to a humid continental climate (Koppen Dfa), although the suburbs north and west of the city are significantly colder in winter and solidly fall under the latter categorization; the city lies at the transition between USDA plant hardiness zones 6b (most of the city) and 7a (Downtown, South Boston, and East Boston neighborhoods). Summers are typically warm to hot, rainy, and humid, while winters oscillate between periods of cold rain and snow, with cold temperatures. Spring and fall are usually mild, with varying conditions dependent on wind direction and jet stream positioning. Prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the influence of the Atlantic Ocean. The hottest month is July, with a mean temperature of 73.4 F (23.0 C). The coldest month is January, with a mean of 29.0 F (1.7 C). Periods exceeding 90 F (32 C) in summer and below freezing in winter are not uncommon but rarely extended, with about 13 and 25 days per year seeing each, respectively. The most recent sub-0 F (18 C) reading occurring on February 14, 2016 when the temperature dipped down to 9 F (23 C), the coldest reading since 1957. In addition, several decades may pass between 100 F (38 C) readings, with the most recent such occurrence on July 22, 2011 when the temperature reached 103 F (39 C). The city's average window for freezing temperatures is November 9 through April 5.[c] Official temperature records have ranged from 18 F (28 C) on February 9, 1934, up to 104 F (40 C) on July 4, 1911; the record cold daily maximum is 2 F (17 C) on December 30, 1917, while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is 83 F (28 C) on August 2, 1975.

What is the coldest month in Boston?
Output:
January