instruction:
In this task, you are given a set of context paragraph and some supporting facts to answer a question. Your task is to generate answer for given question based on set of context paragraphs and supporting facts.
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Context_1 : Duke University is a private research university located in Durham, North Carolina. Founded by Methodists and Quakers in the present-day town of Trinity in 1838, the school moved to Durham in 1892. In 1924, tobacco and electric power industrialist James Buchanan Duke established The Duke Endowment, at which time the institution changed its name to honor his deceased father, Washington Duke. Context_2 : Renaissance Computing Institute (RENCI) was launched in 2004 as a collaboration involving the State of North Carolina, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Duke University, and North Carolina State University. RENCI is organizationally structured as a research institute within UNC-CH, and its main campus is located in Chapel Hill, NC, a few miles from the UNC-CH campus. RENCI has engagement centers at UNC-CH, Duke University (Durham), and North Carolina State University (Raleigh). Context_3 : Amherst College ( ) is a private liberal arts college located in Amherst, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1821 as an attempt to relocate Williams College by its president, Zephaniah Swift Moore, Amherst is the third oldest institution of higher education in Massachusetts. The institution was named after the town, which in turn had been named after Lord Jeffery Amherst. Amherst was established as a men's college and became coeducational in 1975. Context_4 : North Carolina Specialty Hospital (NCSH) is a specialty hospital located in northern Durham, North Carolina. The hospital provides orthopaedic, ophthalmogic, otolaryngology (ENT), plastic, and general surgery care, as well as pain management techniques and podiatric care. NCSH is the oldest hospital in Durham, dating back to 1926, when it was formed as an eye, ear, nose, and throat hospital originally known as McPherson Hospital, named after Dr. Samuel McPherson, an EENT specialist. In the early-1990s, the hospital was renamed as the North Carolina Eye and Ear Hospital. It was located at the time in its original building in downtown Durham, near the East Campus of Duke University. In May 2005, NCSH moved to its current location in northern Durham, and was renamed as North Carolina Specialty Hospital in 2000. Context_5 : Duke University School of Law (also known as Duke Law School or Duke Law) is the law school and a constituent academic unit of Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States. One of Duke's 10 schools and colleges, the School of Law began as the Trinity College School of Law in 1868. In 1924, following the renaming of Trinity College to Duke University, the school was renamed the Duke University School of Law. Notable alumni include former President of the United States Richard Nixon, esteemed television personality Charlie Rose, and United States Solicitor General Kenneth Starr. Context_6 : Joseph Anthony Moylan (born July 14, 1938 in Hartford, Connecticut, died May 16, 2013 in Durham, North Carolina) was Founder and President of Durham Nativity School in Durham, North Carolina. He was a former Clinical Professor of Surgery at the Duke University School of Medicine and Medical Director of the International Patient Center at the Duke University Medical Center. Moylan played a seminal role in development modern day trauma centers. He also served at the U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research or Army Burn Center at the Brooke Army Medical Center in San Antonio, Texas during the Vietnam War. Context_7 : The History of Duke University began when Brown's Schoolhouse, a private subscription school in Randolph County, North Carolina (in the present-day town of Trinity), was founded in 1838. The school was renamed to Union Institute Academy in 1841, Normal College in 1851, and to Trinity College in 1859. Finally moving to Durham in 1892, the school grew rapidly, primarily due to the generosity of Washington Duke and Julian S. Carr, powerful and respected Methodists who had grown wealthy through the tobacco industry. In 1924, Washington Duke's son, James B. Duke, established The Duke Endowment, a $40 million (about $430 million in 2005 dollars) trust fund, some of which was to go to Trinity College. The president thus renamed the school Duke University, as a memorial to Washington Duke and his family. Context_8 : The Research Triangle, commonly referred to as simply The Triangle, is a region in the Piedmont of North Carolina in the United States, anchored by North Carolina State University, Duke University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and the cities of Raleigh and Durham and the town of Chapel Hill. The eight-county region, officially named the RaleighDurhamChapel Hill combined statistical area (CSA), comprises the Raleigh and DurhamChapel Hill metropolitan areas and the Dunn, Henderson, Oxford, and Sanford Micropolitan Statistical Areas. A 2013 Census estimate put the population at 2,037,430, making it the second largest metropolitan area in the state of North Carolina behind Charlotte. The RaleighDurham television market includes a broader 24-county area which includes Fayetteville, and has a population of 2,726,000 persons. Context_9 : Duke University Medical Center (commonly referred to as Duke University Hospital) is a 938-acute care bed academic tertiary care facility located in Durham, North Carolina. Since its establishment in 1930, the hospital has grown from a small regional hospital to a world-renowned academic medical center. Duke University Hospital is the flagship teaching hospital for the Duke University Health System, a network of physicians and hospitals serving Durham County and Wake County, North Carolina, and surrounding areas, as well as one of three Level I referral centers for the Research Triangle of North Carolina (the other two are UNC Hospitals in nearby Chapel Hill and WakeMed Raleigh in Raleigh). Context_10 : The Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, abbreviated as TUNL (pronounced as "tunnel"), is a tripartite research consortium operated by Duke University, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State University. The laboratory is located on the West Campus of Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. Researchers are now drawn from several other universities around the United States in addition to members from the founding universities. TUNL also participates in long term collaborations with universities and laboratories around the world. Funding for TUNL comes primarily from the United States Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Physics. fact_1 : Duke University is a private research university located in Durham, North Carolina. fact_2 : Amherst College ( ) is a private liberal arts college located in Amherst, Massachusetts, United States. Question: Which college is located in Durham, North Carolina, Duke University or Amherst College?
answer:
Duke University

question:
Context_1 : Uros Petrovic (Serbian cirilic ) is a Serbian writer (born April 8, 1967, in Gornji Milanovac, Socialist Republic of Serbia within Yugoslavia, now Serbia), best known for his unusual novels, "Riddle Tales I - V" (Original title "Zagonetne price") serial, "Mysteries of Ginkgo Street" (Original title "Misterije Ginkove ulice") and the first Serbian horror for children " The Fifth Butterfly" (Original title "Peti leptir"). "Dark Secrets of Ginkgo Street" and "Marta's Great Mysterious Adventure" are also an innovative form - "a novels made of riddles". Awarded for books and photographs. Chairman of Serbian Mensa (2008. - 2013.). Founder of Mensa World Photo Cup. Context_2 : La traviata (] , The Fallen Woman) is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave. It is based on "La Dame aux Camelias" (1852), a play adapted from the novel by Alexandre Dumas, fils. The opera was originally titled "Violetta", after the main character. It was first performed on 6 March 1853 at the La Fenice opera house in Venice. Context_3 : Jim Button and Luke the Engine Driver (original title: Jim Knopf und Lukas der Lokomotivfuhrer) is a German children's novel written by Michael Ende. Published in 1960, it became one of the most successful German children's books in the postwar era after having first been rejected by a dozen publishers. It received the German Young Literature Prize in 1961 and has been translated into 33 languages. Its huge success later spawned the sequel "Jim Button and the Wild 13" (original title: "Jim Knopf und die Wilde 13"). Context_4 : Pleasantly Surprised (), also known as Love Myself or You, is a 2014 Taiwanese romantic-comedy television series produced by Sanlih E-Television. Starring Puff Guo and as the main leads, with Jolin Chien and Lene Lai as the main supporting leads. The original title has a double meaning which literally translates to "Like Someone" or "Like To Be Alone", depending how it's read. Original title during development of the drama was "Love Met Cupid ", the title was then changed to "Love Myself or You " during start of production. The English title was once again renamed "Pleasantly Surprised" right before the drama began airing. Filming took place from April 23 to October 13, 2014 and was filmed as the drama aired. First original broadcast began May 23, 2014 on SETTV channel airing every Friday at 10:00-11:30 pm. Final episode was aired on October 17, 2014, with 22 episodes total. Context_5 : The Hour of the Dragon, also known as Conan the Conqueror, is a fantasy novel by American writer Robert E. Howard featuring his sword and sorcery hero Conan the Cimmerian. It was one of the last Conan stories published before Howard's suicide although not the last to be written. The novel was first published in serial form in the December, 1935 through April, 1936 issues of the pulp magazine "Weird Tales". The first book edition was published by Gnome Press in hardcover in 1950. The Gnome Press edition retitled the story "Conan the Conqueror", a title retained by all subsequent editions until 1977, when the original title was restored in an edition issued published by Berkley/Putnam in 1977. The Berkley edition also reverted the text to that of its original "Weird Tales" publication, discarding later edits. Later editions have generally followed Berkley and published under the original title. The 1997 film "Kull the Conqueror" is loosely based on "The Hour of the Dragon", replacing Conan with Kull but otherwise keeping the same basic plot. Context_6 : Turid Karlsen (born 1961) is a Norwegian operatic soprano and voice teacher who has had an active international performing career since the 1980s. Known for her portrayals of roles from the dramatic soprano repertoire, she won the Kirsten Flagstad Prize in 2004 for her portrayal of Senta in Richard Wagner's "Der Fliegende Hollander" with the Norwegian National Opera. During her career, she has performed under the batons of several notable conductors, including Daniel Barenboim, Dennis Russell Davies, Placido Domingo, Hartmut Haenchen, Kent Nagano, and Michael Tilson Thomas. She is currently a professor of vocal music at the Hochschule fur Musik und Theater Hamburg. Context_7 : Placido Domingo has made hundreds of opera performances, music albums, and concert recordings throughout his career as an operatic tenor. From his first operatic leading role as Alfredo in "La traviata" in 1961, his major debuts continued in swift succession: "Tosca" at the Hamburg State Opera and "Don Carlos" at the Vienna State Opera in 1967; "Adriana Lecouvreur" at the Metropolitan Opera, "Turandot" in Verona Arena and "La boheme" in San Francisco in 1969; "La Gioconda" in 1970; "Tosca" in Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in 1971; "La boheme" at the Bavarian State Opera in 1972; "Il trovatore" at the Paris Opera in 1973 and "Don Carlo" at the Salzburg Festival in 1975, "Parsifal" in 1992 at the Bayreuth Festival; and the list continues until today; the same role is often recorded more than once. Context_8 : "The Galton Whistle" is a science fiction short story by American writer L. Sprague de Camp, a story in his "Viagens Interplanetarias" series. It is the first (chronologically) set on the planet Vishnu. It was first published, as "Ultrasonic God," in the magazine "Future Combined with Science Fiction Stories" in the issue for July, 1951. It first appeared in book form under the present title (that preferred by the author) in the collection "The Continent Makers and Other Tales of the Viagens", published in hardcover by Twayne Publishers in 1953, and in paperback by Signet Books in 1971. It also appeared in the anthologies "Novelets of Science Fiction" (Belmont Books, 1963, under the original title), "The Good Old Stuff" (St. Martin's Griffin, 1998), and "The Good Stuff" (Science Fiction Book Club, 1999). The story has been translated into Portuguese, Dutch, and Italian. Context_9 : Nicholas Ariondo is an American accordionist, pianist, and composer. He is known for his work with various singers, such as Paul McCartney and Placido Domingo. A double Grammy Award winner with the Los Angeles Opera Orchestra, he became the first American to be awarded Italy's Ancona Prize for his "Kalamatiano for Viola & Free-bass Accordion" (ACCO-Music Publishing). As accordionist-composer, he received over twenty awards from the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) for his compositions and performances. He performs classical, jazz, and world music. Bill Palmer, historian, pianist, accordionist, composer, and editor for Alfred Music Publishing, nominated Ariondo for the International Who's Who in Music. Context_10 : Kevin Paul Anderson is an American operatic tenor. He has had a national and international singing career since the late 1980s, and in 1988 appeared as Don Alvar alongside Placido Domingo and Shirley Verrett in the San Francisco Opera's televised production of "L'Africaine". fact_1 : Placido Domingo has made hundreds of opera performances, music albums, and concert recordings throughout his career as an operatic tenor. fact_2 : From his first operatic leading role as Alfredo in "La traviata" in 1961, his major debuts continued in swift succession: "Tosca" at the Hamburg State Opera and "Don Carlos" at the Vienna State Opera in 1967; "Adriana Lecouvreur" at the Metropolitan Opera, "Turandot" in Verona Arena and "La boheme" in San Francisco in 1969; "La Gioconda" in 1970; "Tosca" in Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in 1971; "La boheme" at the Bavarian State Opera in 1972; "Il trovatore" at the Paris Opera in 1973 and "Don Carlo" at the Salzburg Festival in 1975, "Parsifal" in 1992 at the Bayreuth Festival; and the list continues until today; the same role is often recorded more than once. fact_3 : La traviata (] , The Fallen Woman) is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave. fact_4 : The opera was originally titled "Violetta", after the main character. Question: What was the original title of the opera in which Placido Domingo first appeared in 1961?
answer:
Violetta

question:
Context_1 : SS "Colby Victory" was the 84th Victory ship built during World War II under the Emergency Shipbuilding program. She was launched by the California Shipbuilding Company on January 27, 1945, and completed on March 12, 1945. The ship's United States Maritime Commission designation was VC2- S- AP3, hull number V50, built in 83 days. SS "Colby Victory" served in the Pacific Ocean during World War II. The 10,500-ton Victory ships were designed to replace the earlier Liberty ships. Liberty ships were designed to be used just for World War II. Victory ships were designed to last longer and serve after the war. The Victory ship differed from a Liberty ship in that they were: faster, longer and wider, taller, a thinner stack set farther toward the superstructure and had a long raised forecastle. Context_2 : The SS "Bluefield Victory" was the 16th Victory ship built during World War II under the Emergency Shipbuilding program. She was launched by the California Shipbuilding Company on May 9, 1944, and completed on June 30, 1944. The ship's United States Maritime Commission designation was VC2- S- AP3, hull number 15 (V-15). SS "Bluefield Victory" served in the Pacific Ocean during World War II and was operated by the Mississippi Shipping Company. The 10,500-ton Victory ships were designed to replace the earlier Liberty Ships. Liberty ships were designed to be used just for World War II. Victory ships were designed to last longer and serve the US Navy after the war. The Victory ship differed from a Liberty ship in that they were: faster, longer and wider, taller, had a thinner stack set farther toward the superstructure, and had a long raised forecastle. Context_3 : General Quarters is a set of naval wargaming rules written by Lonnie Gill. Quick and easy to play they have become one of the most popular series of World War I and World War II era naval rules (they topped the poll of popular wargames rules amongst the Naval Wargames Society. There are currently three versions available. GQ1 covered World War II and used a d6 based system. GQ2 expanded coverage to World War I whilst also introducing new rules for World War II games; it also introduced a revised combat system that used a d10 in addition to d6. GQ3 was a complete revision published in 2006. A revised World War I version was announced for release in September 2007, and published as Fleet Action Imminent .There are a number of campaign supplements for GQ3. First is The Solomons Campaign about the World War II Guadalcanal battles. Next is Sudden Storm a hypothetical campaign dealing with a war, between Japan and the US in 1937. A surprisingly possible occurrence, and one that yields a lot of big gun battles as the US fights its way back across the Pacific to the Philippines. All in a very smooth and playable format. Context_4 : Juliet Anne Prowse (September 25, 1936 September 14, 1996) was an Anglo-Indian dancer, whose four-decade career included stage, television and film. She was raised in South Africa, where her family emigrated after World War II. Context_5 : The Fiercest Heart is a 1961 film starring Stuart Whitman and Juliet Prowse, also featuring 1960 Summer Olympics decathlon champion Rafer Johnson. It is set in 1830s South Africa. Context_6 : St Elmo Murray Haney (1898 - 1979) was a Master Gunnery Sergeant in the United States Marine Corps. As a veteran of many early campaigns in the Marine Corps, he was considered the epitome of the "old breed" Marine and a source of inspiration during the tough battles of the Pacific Campaign in World War II. Author Eugene Sledge described Haney as being, "everywhere at once, correcting mistakes and helping out". As one who fought in some of the most fiercest fighting of the time, he had the respect of the Marines. In World War I, he fought in the Battle of Belleau Wood with the 5th Marine Regiment. In 1930, between the wars, he was stationed in Shanghai and played in the outfield for the Fourth Marine Regiment Baseball Team. He also served in France, Nicaragua, Iceland and on the Amazon. Context_7 : The Battle of Nuremberg was a five-day battle between the forces of the United States 7th Army on one side, and Nazi Germany and Russian Liberation Army volunteers on the other during World War II. The battle saw some of the fiercest urban combat during the war and it took four days for the United States to capture the city. The battle was a blow to Nazi Germany as Nuremberg was a center of the Nazi regime. Many rallies took place in the city and to lose the city to the Americans took a heavy toll on already low German morale. Even though American forces heavily outnumbered the German forces, it wasn't until 20 April, that the 7th Army took the city center. The battle devastated the city. Context_8 : The Battle of Iwo Jima (19 February 26 March 1945) was a major battle in which the United States Marine Corps landed on and eventually captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. The American invasion, designated Operation Detachment, had the goal of capturing the entire island, including the three Japanese-controlled airfields (including the South Field and the Central Field), to provide a staging area for attacks on the Japanese main islands. This five-week battle comprised some of the fiercest and bloodiest fighting of the Pacific War of World War II. Context_9 : Sir Philip Stuart Milner-Barry (20 September 1906 25 March 1995) was a British chess player, chess writer, World War II codebreaker and civil servant. He represented England in chess both before and after World War II. He worked at Bletchley Park during World War II, and was head of "Hut 6", a section responsible for deciphering messages which had been encrypted using the German Enigma machine. He was one of four leading codebreakers at Bletchley to petition the then-Prime Minister Winston Churchill directly for more resources for their work. After the war he worked in the Treasury, and later administered the British honours system. In chess, he represented England in international tournaments, and lent his name to three opening variations. Context_10 : Koustogerako (Greek: ) is a small village in Chania regional unit on the island of Crete, Greece. It has 76 residents (2001 census ) and it belongs to the municipal unit of East Selino ("Anatoliko Selino"). The village is built in a wild, beautiful position, at an elevation of 510m. Deep gorges and steep mountain cliffs surround the village. Southwest of the village at a height of 200 m. is the cave of Cyclops, possibly related to the namesake tale found in Homer's Odyssey. Koustogerako has a notable history. It was burned twice by the Venetians for being the birthplace of Kantanoleon (a famous rebel who fought against the Venetians) and once again in 1821 by the Turks. Finally, the Nazis razed Koustogerako, because it was a partizan resistance center against the Germans in World War II. The villagers of Koustogerako gave some of the fiercest and most renowned guerrilla fights, resisting the Nazi occupation. In 1943, the Germans scourged the villages of Moni, Livadas and Koustogerako. They herded about thirty five women and children of Koustogerako lined them up in front of a machine gun. Ten men had climbed the rocks above the village from where they managed to kill eight Nazis soldiers including the machine-gunner, after he had killed five people. The Nazis fled but returned the next day and destroyed the whole village. There is currently a memorial in place, with a big black statue of a partisan. Koustogerako is also a starting point for mountain walks on Lefka Ori. fact_1 : The Fiercest Heart is a 1961 film starring Stuart Whitman and Juliet Prowse, also featuring 1960 Summer Olympics decathlon champion Rafer Johnson. fact_2 : It is set in 1830s South Africa. fact_3 : She was raised in South Africa, where her family emigrated after World War II. Question: Where was the actress who starred next to Stuart Whitman in the movie "The Fiercest Heart" raised after World War II?
answer:
South Africa