Problem:OPTIONS:
- substrate
- cell wall
- protein
- membrane

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Ions such as sodium (Na + ), potassium (K + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ), and chloride (Cl - ), are important for many cell functions. Because they are charged (polar), these ions do not diffuse through the membrane. Instead they move through ion channel proteins where they are protected from the hydrophobic interior of the membrane. Ion channels allow the formation of a concentration gradient between the extracellular fluid and the cytosol. Ion channels are very specific, as they allow only certain ions through the cell membrane. Some ion channels are always open, others are "gated" and can be opened or closed. Gated ion channels can open or close in response to different types of stimuli, such as electrical or chemical signals. Q: Because they are charged (polar), these ions do not diffuse through what? A:
****
A: membrane

Answer the following question given this paragraph: wave functions can predict within a certain level of probability where an electron might be at any given time. The area where an electron is most likely to be found is called its orbital. Recall that the Bohr model depicts an atom's electron shell configuration. Within each electron shell are subshells, and each subshell has a specified number of orbitals containing electrons. While it is impossible to calculate exactly where an electron is located, scientists know that it is most probably located within its orbital path. Subshells are designated by the letter s, p, d, and f. The s subshell is spherical in shape and has one orbital. Principal shell 1n has only a single s orbital, which can hold two electrons. Principal shell 2n has one s and one p subshell, and can hold a total of eight electrons. The p subshell has three dumbbell-shaped orbitals, as illustrated in Figure 2.8. Subshells d and f have more complex shapes and contain five and seven orbitals, respectively. These are not shown in the illustration. Principal shell 3n has s, p, and d subshells and can hold 18 electrons. Principal shell 4n has s, p, d and f orbitals and can hold 32 electrons. Moving away from the nucleus, the number of electrons and orbitals found in the energy levels increases. Progressing from one atom to the next in the periodic table, the electron structure can be worked out by fitting an extra electron into the next available orbital. Q: What is the area where an electron is most likely to be found called? A:
OPTIONS:
- neutron
- proton
- neucleus
- orbital
orbital

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Monatomic cations have the same name as their parent element, whereas monatomic anions end in - ide . Q: Monatomic cations have the same name as their parent element. what happens to monatomic anions? A:
OPTIONS:
- ends in - se
- ends in - fe
- ends in - be
- ends in - de

Answer: ends in - de

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: 6.2 The Cell Cycle The cell cycle is an orderly sequence of events. Cells on the path to cell division proceed through a series of precisely timed and carefully regulated stages. In eukaryotes, the cell cycle consists of a long preparatory period, called interphase. Interphase is divided into G1, S, and G2 phases. Mitosis consists of five stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Mitosis is usually accompanied by cytokinesis, during which the cytoplasmic components of the daughter cells are separated either by an actin ring (animal cells) or by cell plate formation (plant cells). Each step of the cell cycle is monitored by internal controls called checkpoints. There are three major checkpoints in the cell cycle: one near the end of G1, a second at the G2M transition, and the third during metaphase. Q: What consists of these five stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase? A:
OPTIONS:
- evolution
- germination
- meiosis
- mitosis
Answer: mitosis

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Static electricity is a buildup of electric charges on objects. Charges build up when negative electrons are transferred from one object to another. The object that gives up electrons becomes positively charged, and the object that accepts the electrons becomes negatively charged. This can happen in several ways. Q: What type of electricity is formed when a negative charge builds up and are transferred? A:
OPTIONS:
- neutron energy
- alternating current
- direct current
- static electricity
output: static electricity

Problem: OPTIONS:
- fossil compounds
- carbon
- coal fuels
- fossil fuels
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Millions of acres of forest have been cut and burned to make way for farming. Figure below shows an example. Burning trees produces most of the same pollutants as burning fossil fuels. Q: Burning trees produces most of the same pollutants as burning what? A:
Answer:
fossil fuels