Teacher:In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Women and Children's HIV Protection
Act of 2003''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

The Congress finds as follows:
(1) Perinatal transmission is the leading cause of
pediatric HIV infections, including AIDS cases.
(2) The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(''CDC'') estimates that nearly 7,000 HIV-infected women give
birth in the United States each year and as many as 400 babies
continue to be born with HIV infection each year.
(3) Medical advances have made it possible to nearly
eliminate perinatal HIV transmission.
(4) Research studies have demonstrated that the
administration of antiviral medication during pregnancy, during
labor, and immediately following birth can significantly reduce
the transmission of HIV from an infected mother to her baby.
Caesarean section further reduces the risk of transmission.
(5) Even if treatment begins shortly after birth,
antiretroviral therapy can substantially reduce the chance that
an HIV-exposed infant will become infected.
(6) Breastfeeding by HIV-infected mothers poses additional
significant risk of infection to babies.
(7) The Institute of Medicine (''IOM'') has recommended the
adoption of a national policy of universal HIV testing, with
patient notification, as a routine component of prenatal care.
However, 15 percent of HIV-infected pregnant women receive no
prenatal care according to the IOM.
(8) The CDC has recommended since 1995 that all pregnant
women be counseled and offered voluntary HIV testing. Yet
nearly half of pregnant women are still not tested according to
the CDC. The CDC has found that mandatory testing of newborns
and universal HIV testing of pregnant woman are the best
approaches for identifying, treating, and preventing HIV among
pregnant women and children.
(9) The American Medical Association recommends mandatory
HIV testing of all newborns with appropriate treatment for
affected mothers and children.
(10) Testing newborns whose mothers' status is unknown
ensures that every child at risk for HIV is identified.
(11) More than a third of the HIV infections that occur
annually among newborns in the United States could be prevented
with routine HIV testing of pregnant woman or newborns
according to a 2002 report by the Inspector General of the
Department of Health and Human Services. This represents over
100 babies born every year that are needlessly infected.
(12) The provision of testing of pregnant women and
newborns with appropriate counseling and treatment can
significantly reduce the number of pediatric HIV infections,
including AIDS cases, can improve access to and medical care
for the woman and children, and can provide opportunities to
further reduce transmission among adults.
(13) The provision of such testing, counseling, and
treatment can reduce the overall cost of pediatric HIV
infections, including AIDS cases.
(14) New York State has required mandatory HIV counseling
and voluntary testing for pregnant women and mandatory HIV
testing of all newborns since February 1997. As a result, the
perinatal HIV transmission rate in the State has dropped from
25 percent to an all time low of 3.5 percent and over 99
percent of HIV-infected women and their children have been linked to
care.
(15) For the foregoing reasons--
(A) universal routine HIV testing of pregnant women
and newborns should be the standard of care; and
(B) the relevant medical organizations, as well as
public health officials, should issue guidelines making
such testing, counseling, and treatment the standard of
care.

SEC. 3. GRANTS REGARDING COUNSELING AND TESTING OF PREGNANT WOMEN AND
NEWBORN INFANTS.

Subpart II of part B of title XXVI of the Public Health Service Act
(42 U.S.C. 300ff-33 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 2625
the following section:

''SEC. 2625A. GRANTS REGARDING COUNSELING AND TESTING OF PREGNANT WOMEN
AND NEWBORN INFANTS.

''(a) In General.--Of the amounts appropriated under section 2677
for a fiscal year for carrying out this part, exclusive of amounts
available for grants under section 2618(a)(2)(I), the Secretary,
subject to subsection (b)(2), shall reserve $82,875,000 for making
grants to each State that demonstrates that the law or regulations of
the State are in accordance with the following:
''(1) That all pregnant women receiving prenatal care in
the State be offered counseling and testing regarding HIV
disease.
''(2) In the case of prenatal testing for such disease that
is conducted in the State, that the results of such testing be
promptly disclosed to the pregnant woman involved.
''(3) In the case of newborn infants who are born in the
State and whose biological mothers have not undergone prenatal
testing for HIV disease, that each such infant undergo testing
for such disease.
''(4) That the results of such testing of a newborn infant
be promptly disclosed in accordance with the following, as
applicable to the infant involved:
''(A) To the biological mother of the infant
(without regard to whether she is the legal guardian of
the infant).
''(B) If the State is the legal guardian of the
infant:
''(i) To the appropriate official of the
State agency with responsibility for the care
of the infant.
''(ii) To the appropriate official of each
authorized agency providing assistance in the
placement of the infant.
''(iii) If the authorized agency is giving
significant consideration to approving an
individual as a foster parent of the infant, to
the prospective foster parent.
''(iv) If the authorized agency is giving
significant consideration to approving an
individual as an adoptive parent of the infant,
to the prospective adoptive parent.
''(C) If neither the biological mother nor the
State is the legal guardian of the infant, to another
legal guardian of the infant.
''(D) To the child's health care provider.
''(5) That, in disclosing the test results to an individual
under paragraph (2) or (4), appropriate counseling on HIV
disease and appropriate referrals for health care be offered to
the individual (except in the case of a disclosure to an
official of a State or an authorized agency, or to a health
care provider).''.
''(b) Date Certain for Making Grants; Limitation on Reservation of
Funds.--
''(1) Date certain for making grants.--Not later than the
end of the three-month period beginning on the date on which
appropriations first become available for a fiscal year for
grants under section 2611, the Secretary shall make grants
under subsection (a) for such fiscal year to all States that
seek such grants and meet the condition described in such
subsection for the grants.
''(2) Limitation on reservation of funds.--Effective upon
the expiration of the period described in paragraph (1) with
respect to a fiscal year, the unobligated portion of the amount
reserved under subsection (a) for the fiscal year is available
for grants under section 2611 for the fiscal year.
''(c) Amount of Grants.--Each grant under subsection (a) for a
fiscal year shall be made in the amount of $1,500,000, except that the
amount of such a grant for a territory of the United States shall be
$375,000.
''(d) Authorized Expenditures.--A grant under subsection (a) may be
expended for any purpose for which a grant under 2611 is authorized to
be expended.
''(e) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, the terms 'State'
and 'territory of the United States' have the meanings that apply to
such terms for purposes of grants under section 2611 (including the
meanings that apply for purposes of section 2618).''.
Student:
Women and Children's HIV Protection Act of 2003 - Amends the Public Health Service Act to provide for grants regarding the counseling and testing of pregnant women and newborn infants out of moneys appropriated under the care grant program. Prohibits making a grant to a State unless the State demonstrates that the law or regulations of the State require specified testing and services for pregnant women and newborn infants regarding HIV disease.