Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Ex Input:
Prevention of intraabdominal abscess formation constitutes an important goal in treatment of secondary peritonitis. Fibrinolytic therapy may be effective in this respect. The efficacy of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) and urokinase is compared in a preclinical model for surgical treatment of peritonitis.', 'Peritonitis was induced by intraperitoneal bacterial challenge in male Wistar rats. After 1 hour, surgery was performed. Four groups (n = 20) were treated with one of the following: rtPA, urokinase, streptokinase (a negative protein control), or saline. Blood cultures were taken at 6 and 24 hours; cell counts and cytokine measurements were performed in peritoneal fluid at 1, 3 and 5 days. After 5 days, animals were killed and intraperitoneal abscess formation was analyzed.', 'Both rtPA and urokinase strongly (> 75%) and significantly (P < .05) reduced abscess formation without negative side effects. No bleeding complications were observed. Fibrinolytic therapy altered the intraperitoneal cellular distribution (less neutrophils and more macrophages) but did not essentially alter the courses of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 (decreasing in time) or tumor necrosis factor-* (increasing in time) levels.

Ex Output:
Do both tissue-type plasminogen activator and urokinase prevent intraabdominal abscess formation after surgical treatment of peritonitis in the rat?

Ex Input:
Schizophrenia is recognized as a disorder of the brain and neuronal connectivity. The neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1) gene plays a crucial role in regulating neuronal connectivity.', 'We conducted a two-stage association analysis on 17 NCAM1 SNPs in two independent Han Chinese schizophrenia case-control cohorts (discovery sample from Hunan Province: 986 patients and 1040 normal controls; replication sample from Yunnan Province: 564 cases and 547 healthy controls). Allele, genotype and haplotype frequencies were compared between case and control samples. Transcription factor binding site prediction and luciferase reporter assays were employed to assess the potential function of promoter SNPs. We detected developmental changes at the transcriptional level of NCAM1 during neuron differentiation in Macaca mulatta neural progenitor cells (NPC). Serum levels of NCAM1 were measured in 72 cases and 88 controls.', 'A promoter variant, rs2301228, was found to be associated with schizophrenia at the allelic level and was validated in a replication cohort. Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that risk allele rs2301228-A significantly down-regulated NCAM1 gene transcription compared to the G-allele. Concordantly, schizophrenia patients had a significantly lower level of serum NCAM1 compared to healthy donors. During the NPC neuronal differentiation, NCAM1 mRNA was significantly increased, suggesting a critical role of this gene in neural development.

Ex Output:
Does promoter variant rs2301228 on the neural cell adhesion molecule 1 gene confer risk of schizophrenia in Han Chinese?

Ex Input:
To investigate the potential role of prostasin, as an invasion suppressor, in the process of trophoblast invasion in preeclampsia.', 'This case-control study included 19 early-onset severe preeclampsia ( 34 weeks), 20 late-onset severe preeclampsia (>34 weeks) and 20 normal term pregnant women. Immunohistochemistry was conducted to identify the cellular localization of prostasin, as well as the matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and MMP9 in the placenta tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to analyze the expression of these three proteins in placental homogenates. The effect of prostasin on the invasive and migratory ability of trophoblast cells was detected by transwell assays. We also examined the regulation of the prostasin antibody in the MMP2 and MMP9 secretion by HTR-8/SVneo cells via blocking the prostasin activity.', 'This study demonstrated that the prostasin, MMP2 and MMP9 were all expressed in the placental syncytiotrophoblasts. Increased expression of prostasin was detected in cases with early-onset severe preeclampsia compared with the late-onset and control groups (P < 0.05), whereas the expression patterns of MMP2 and MMP9 in placental homogenates were opposite to that of prostasin (P < 0.05). Recombinant prostasin inhibited the invasion and migration of trophoblast cells, whereas prostasin antibody enhanced the MMP2 and MMP9 secretion in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Ex Output:
Does increased expression of prostasin contribute to early-onset severe preeclampsia through inhibiting trophoblast invasion?