In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Q: Context: This study was conducted to determine if there was an increase in the urinary excretion of fluoride, after the use of fluoride mouth rinses in children.', 'The sample consisted of 58 children aged 5-8 years, randomly selected, residents in non-fluoridated water areas. Urine samples were collected prior to mouthwash and also 2 hours after use. The control sample, which received no treatment, consisted of 16 children of equivalent age and from the same community. Urinary excretion of fluoride was analysed by determining the pH, creatinine, F- ion and fluoride (mg)/creatinine (g) (F/Cr) ratio in urine. Results In the studied sample, the mean F/Cr ratio before fluoride mouth rinse was 0.26 mg/g and it rose to 1.58 mg/g 2 hours after mouth rinse. This difference of 1.33 mg/g was statistically highly significant (p<.001). In the control group no significant changes occurred. The average 2 hours afterward F/Cr ratios were 0.29 and 0.27 respectively (p=0.426).\Question: Does renal excretion of fluoride after fluoride mouth rinse in children?

A: After the use of a fluoride mouthwash, in children, there is a statistically significant increase of fluoride ion in urine, which can be attributed to the application of this product.
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Q: Context: . We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention, targeting staff-patient communication, in improving emergency department patient satisfaction.', 'We undertook a pre- and post-intervention study in a university-affiliated emergency department, over a 12-month period. The intervention included communication workshops, a patient education film, and a patient liaison nurse. At the patient level, the patient liaison nurse ensured optimal staff-patient community communication and played a role in staff communication education. The intervention was evaluated using patient surveys (containing general and communication-specific satisfaction items scored out of 100), complaint rates, and patient liaison nurse activity data.', "A total of 321 and 545 patients returned questionnaires in the pre- and post-intervention periods, respectively. Significant improvements were observed in patients' perceptions of being 'informed about delays' [score difference, 5.3; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.6-10.0], that 'staff cared about them as a person' (difference, 4.4; 95% CI, 0.7-8.1), the overall emergency department facility assessment (difference, 3.9; 95% CI, 0.4-7.5) and overall emergency department care (difference, 3.8; 95% CI, 0.3-7.3). Non-significant improvements were seen in all other satisfaction items. In the post-intervention period, there was a 22.5% (95% CI, 14.6-32.8) decrease in the number of complaints received and a decrease in the complaint rate of 0.7 (95% CI, -0.3 to 1.6) complaints per 1000 patients. The patient liaison nurse activities included orientation of the patient including (i) explanation of tests, procedures, and delays; (ii) communication with a range of hospital staff; and (iii) general comfort measures including analgesia quality control.\Question: Does a multifaceted intervention improve patient satisfaction and perceptions of emergency department care?

A: Significant improvements in a variety of patient satisfaction measures were achieved with an intervention comprising staff communication workshops, a patient education film, and a patient liaison nurse.
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Q: Context: Cognitive tests and nonamyloid imaging biomarkers do not consistently identify preclinical AD. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume, a cerebrovascular disease marker, is more associated with preclinical AD than conventional AD biomarkers and cognitive tests.', "Elderly controls enrolled in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI, n=158) underwent florbetapir-PET scans, psychometric testing, neuroimaging with MRI and PET, and APOE genetic testing. Elderly controls the Parkinson's progression markers initiative (PPMI, n=58) had WMH volume, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) A1-42, and APOE status measured.", 'In the ADNI cohort, only WMH volume and APOE 4 status were associated with cerebral A (standardized =0.44 and 1.25, P=.03 and .002). The association between WMH volume and APOE 4 status with cerebral A (standardized =1.12 and 0.26, P=.048 and .045) was confirmed in the PPMI cohort.\Question: Are white matter hyperintensities more highly associated with preclinical Alzheimer 's disease than imaging and cognitive markers of neurodegeneration?

A:
WMH volume is more highly associated with preclinical AD than other AD biomarkers.
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