Q: Philip IV of France became King in 1285, and was determined to strengthen the French monarchy at any cost. The County of Flanders had been formally part of the French Kingdom since the Treaty of Verdun in 843, but had always de facto been largely, if not fully, independent from the French crown. Flanders had some of the richest cities of that time, like Bruges, Ghent, Ypres, Lille and Douai. These cities tried to keep their independence from the Count of Flanders and from the rural aristocracy. But the cities were themselves divided between the rich patricians and the urban tradesmen, united in guilds. In 1288, Philip IV of France used complaints over taxes to tighten his control over Flanders. Tension built between Guy of Dampierre, Count of Flanders and the King. In 1294, Guy turned for help to King Edward I of England, arranging a marriage between his daughter Philippa and Edward, Prince of Wales. However, Philip imprisoned Guy and two of his sons, forced him to call off the marriage, and imprisoned Philippa in Paris until her death in 1306. Guy was summoned before the king again in 1296, and the principal cities of Flanders were taken under royal protection, until Guy paid an indemnity and surrendered his territories, to hold them at the grace of the King. After these indignities, in 1297 Guy attempted to revenge himself on Philip by an alliance with Edward I of England, now at war with France. Philip responded by declaring Flanders annexed to the royal domain and sending a French army under Robert II of Artois to conquer Flanders.
Who did form guilds in the cities of Flanders?

A: urban tradesmen

Q: For their 70th annual Thanksgiving Day game, the Lions hosted a rematch with division rivals the Green Bay Packers. Detroit got an early lead when Matthew Stafford threw a 1-yard TD pass to Calvin Johnson, the only Lions score of the first half. The Packers responded with a TD of their own, a 7-yard toss to Donald Lee. The Packers then kicked 2 field goals: first a 20 yarder and just before halftime a 25 yarder. The Packers scored 2 touchdowns in the 3rd quarter. First a 7-yard catch by Donald Driver, then a 21-yard catch by James Jones. The Lions picked up a safety when the Packers Ryan Grant had his left arm down before he fumbled the ball in their own end zone in the fourth quarter. They then kicked a 22-yard field goal. The Packers sealed their win when Charles Woodson intercepted a Stafford pass and ran it back 38 yards for a touchdown. The Thanksgiving Day losing streak for the Lions is now six, the longest in franchise history. With the loss combined with the Eagles win over the Redskins, the Lions were officially eliminated from postseason contention. This would also become the Packers' 9th straight victory over the Lions, dating back to the second game between the teams in the 2005 season.
How many Packers receivers caught touchdown passes?

A: 3

Q: On 12 February 2017, a series of riots began across the Khuzestan province continuing for about a week. Protesters reportedly expressed solidarity with fellow countrymen, chanting slogans against the Iranian government. Initially the protests were targeted against lack of vital daily services, but the atmosphere quickly grew political with the crowd beginning to chant "Death to tyranny," "Death to repression," "We the people of Ahvaz will not accept oppression," Expel incompetent officials," "Ahwaz is our city, clean air is our right," and "Shame on state police." Iranian government responded to the unrest by issuing a statement warning people to refrain from "illegal gatherings" and serious action will be taken against any and all violators. Riot police units were dispatched to the city of Ahwaz, in addition to additional forces from neighboring provinces. Iranian authorities banned many Western reporters from visiting the city. Exiled leader of an Iranian opposition group Maryam Rajavi hailed the people of Khuzestan, while calling on all Iranians to rise in support. In early April 2017, Ahwazi activist killed by Basij militia in Ma'shour city On 15 May 2017, suspected Arab separatist gunmen killed two police officers in Ahvaz. On October 2017, Ahmad Mullah Nissi, head of the Arab Struggle Movement for Khuzestan was assassinated in the Netherlands.
Who was killed first, Ahmad Mullah Nissi or the police offices in Ahvaz?

A: two police officers in Ahvaz

Q: The 1970s saw a number of new models added to the Buick lineup including the Estate Wagon as its own model in 1970, Buick Centurion in 1971, Buick Apollo in 1973, and Buick Skyhawk in 1975. 1975 also saw the first appearance of the "Buick Park Avenue" nameplate for Buick as a trim/option package on the Electra 225 Limited. A Buick Century paced the Indianapolis 500 race not once but twice in the mid 1970s. For 1976, Buick began selling rebadged Isuzu Geminis as Opels to replace the Opel Kadett models it had previously marketed. The following year, Electra 225 and LeSabre were redesigned and downsized and the Buick brand saw its best model year sales to date with 773,313 vehicles sold. 1978 marked Buicks 75th anniversary and welcomed a redesigned Century as well as a redesigned Regal coupe which was now available with a turbocharged Buick V6 engine engine. Buick model year sales broke another record in 1978 with 795,316 vehicles sold. For 1979, the Riviera was redesigned; Riviera S-Type was named Motor Trend Car of the Year.
How many years did the Buick lineup see a redesign?

A:
3