input: Please answer the following: Given the following passage "Bantu-speaking peoples who founded tribes during the Bantu expansions largely displaced and absorbed the earliest inhabitants of the region, the Pygmy people, about 1500 BC. The Bakongo, a Bantu ethnic group that also occupied parts of present-day Angola, Gabon, and Democratic Republic of the Congo, formed the basis for ethnic affinities and rivalries among those countries. Several Bantu kingdomsnotably those of the Kongo, the Loango, and the Tekebuilt trade links leading into the Congo River basin.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: Bantu kingdoms replaced whom?
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output: Pygmy people

Please answer this: Given the following passage "The teachings on the Four Noble Truths are regarded as central to the teachings of Buddhism, and are said to provide a conceptual framework for Buddhist thought. These four truths explain the nature of dukkha (suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness), its causes, and how it can be overcome. The four truths are:[note 4]", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: What does dukkha not explain: suffering, unsatisfactoriness, or framework?
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Answer: framework

Problem: Given the following passage "The two finalists were Kris Allen and Adam Lambert, both of whom had previously landed in the bottom three at the top five. Allen won the contest in the most controversial voting result since season two. It was claimed, later retracted, that 38 million of the 100 million votes cast on the night came from Allen's home state of Arkansas alone, and that AT&T employees unfairly influenced the votes by giving lessons on power-texting at viewing parties in Arkansas.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: Which is not a last name, Allen or Adam?

A: Adam

Problem: Given the question: Given the following passage "The Israel Defense Forces is the sole military wing of the Israeli security forces, and is headed by its Chief of General Staff, the Ramatkal, subordinate to the Cabinet. The IDF consist of the army, air force and navy. It was founded during the 1948 ArabIsraeli War by consolidating paramilitary organizationschiefly the Haganahthat preceded the establishment of the state. The IDF also draws upon the resources of the Military Intelligence Directorate (Aman), which works with Mossad and Shabak. The Israel Defense Forces have been involved in several major wars and border conflicts in its short history, making it one of the most battle-trained armed forces in the world.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: Who fought in the war that led to the creation of the IDF?
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The answer is:
ArabIsraeli

input question: Given the following passage "Historically, pubs have been socially and culturally distinct from cafes, bars and German beer halls. Most pubs offer a range of beers, wines, spirits, and soft drinks and snacks. Traditionally the windows of town pubs were of smoked or frosted glass to obscure the clientele from the street but from the 1990s onwards, there has been a move towards clear glass, in keeping with brighter interiors.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: Glass that has been covered with ash or soot on one one side to obscure light is called????
output answer: smoked

input question: Given the following passage "Hydrogen is highly soluble in many rare earth and transition metals and is soluble in both nanocrystalline and amorphous metals. Hydrogen solubility in metals is influenced by local distortions or impurities in the crystal lattice. These properties may be useful when hydrogen is purified by passage through hot palladium disks, but the gas's high solubility is a metallurgical problem, contributing to the embrittlement of many metals, complicating the design of pipelines and storage tanks.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: __ was discovered by William Hyde Wollaston.???
output answer:
palladium