Answer the following question given this paragraph: Multicellular seaweeds called kelp may grow as large as trees. They are the food base of ecosystems called kelp forests (see Figure below ). Kelp forests are found throughout the ocean in temperate and arctic climates. They are highly productive ecosystems. Q: Which forests are found throughout the ocean in temperate and arctic climates? Choices: - coral reefs - mangrove - cedar - kelp A:
kelp
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Answer the following question given this paragraph: Electromagnetic force is a force of attraction or repulsion between all electrically charged particles. This force is transferred between charged particles of matter by fundamental force-carrying particles called photons. Because of electromagnetic force, particles with opposite charges attract each other and particles with the same charge repel each other. Q: What do we call the force of attraction or repulsion between electrically charged particles? Choices: - chemical force - mechanical force - gravitational pull - electromagnetic force A:
electromagnetic force
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Answer the following question given this paragraph: Scientists often study the effects of environment on phenotype by studying identical twins. Identical twins have the same genes, so phenotypic differences between twins often have an environmental cause. Twin studies help understand the relative importance of environmental and genetic influences on individual traits and behaviors. Twins are a valuable source of information concerning the relationship between genes and environment. As monozygotic twins (identical) share their nuclear DNA, their polymorphisms , the nucleotide differences that make their DNA unique, are common to the two individuals. This means that any phenotypic variation, such as in height, intelligence, or any other measurable trait, is due to the environment. What is different about the experiences of the twins? What unique experiences might one twin have that the other twin did not have? By comparing phenotypes of hundreds of twins, researchers can understand the roles of genetics, shared environment and unique experiences in the formation and development of specific traits. Q: What is often the cause of phenotypic differences between identical twins? Choices: - natural selection - genetics - learned behavior - environment A:
environment
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Answer the following question given this paragraph: Recall that ecology is the study of how living organisms interact with each other and with their environment. But how do organisms interact with each other? Organisms interact with each other through various mechanisms, one of which is competition. Competition occurs when organisms strive for limited resources. Competition can be for food, water, light, or space. This interaction can be between organisms of the same species (intraspecific) or between organisms of different species (interspecific). Q: What is the study of how living organisms interact with each other and with their environment? Choices: - botany - zoology - genetics - ecology A:
ecology
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