Article: Students will zone out less if they think of you as a person, not an authority figure. Encourage students to speak to you before and after class, or in office hours if you have them. Have your students include some of their own personal experience in discussions and writing assignments, and share material from your life if it is appropriate. You can maintain professional boundaries without acting cold or inhuman. Don't probe for information about your student's personal lives, but know that their personal experience informs their thought processes, and they will be interested in how your personal experience informs yours. Lectures are effective at delivering information, but they are not effective for stimulating thought, teaching values, or inspiring interest in a subject. When you lecture, keep it brief and informative, or break it up with other forms of work: group discussions, pair presentations, or individual reflection and problem-solving. When you do lecture, show slides, and engage students in questions and answers. Change approaches every 10-15 minutes to keep students engaged. Your students will think more critically if they are debating (and learning from) one another. Discuss daily with a smaller class, and put them in groups if your class is large. If your students are hesitant to disagree with you, take yourself out of the mixhave them sit in a circle and talk, and observe them, taking notes, from the margins. Only interfere if they are behaving badly or not being rigorous. Have students listen to guest speakers, and video or audio clips. Give them worksheets, or tell them what information to look for, to encourage them to listen actively and take efficient notes. Your students will learn how to listen to you if you give them exercises that teach them how to listen to others. Every few minutes, ask questions and check for comprehension. Call on students who are not speaking. Encourage them to ask you questions and to respond to one another. Don't design your class to be attendance-optional. Portions of your class should only be available from attentive attendance. #*You may share slides online, but your students should be getting information from you and from class discussion. Connect their homework and tests to material and critical thinking they perform in class. Do this from the first day, so that they get in the habit of paying close attention. Hold them accountable for listening to you and to one another. Ask them to restate your points and things their classmates say. Model attentive listening by paying close attention when your students talk. Rather than trying to anticipate their questions, or supplying words for them, let them struggle to get it out. When they have, echo what they say back to them. Restate their question to let them know that you hear them (and to help their classmates in the back row keep up). Answer them, then ask if you answered their question.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Get to know your students, and help them get to know you. Lecture less. Encourage discussion. Bring in other voices. Insist that they listen. Listen to your students.
Article: Put down the straight edge of a piece of paper onto your map between the two distances you want to measure. Make a tick mark on the paper's edge to indicate your "point A" and one to indicate your "point B." Hold the piece of paper still and evenly against your two points in order to make the most accurate tick marks. If you want to, you can use a ruler or tape measure straight on the map, and note down the measurement to the smallest fraction of a unit possible. Place a ruler or measuring tape up against your piece of paper with the two tick marks and note the distance from one to the other. Use this method when your distance is too large for the bar scale given on the map, or you want to find a precise measurement using numbers. If measuring with centimeters, find the distance to the nearest millimeter. If using inches, find the distance to the nearest eighth of an inch. Note the scale given at the bottom of the map. It should show a ratio and a bar scale in both centimeters and inches. If one equates to a whole number, like 1 centimeter = 1 mile, you might choose that unit for easiest measuring. Use the representative fraction, or ratio, of the map to find the ground distance based on your measurement on the map. Multiply your distance by the scale number. For example, for a map with a scale of 1:10,000: If you measured 10 centimeters from your Point A to Point B tick marks, you would multiply 10 by 10,000 to get 100,000 centimeters, the true ground distance from Point A to Point B. You can then convert your number to a more relevant distance. 100,000 centimeters equals 1 kilometer, for example, which is about 0.62 miles.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Mark the edge of a piece of paper. Measure the distance with a ruler. Calculate the ground distance from the measurement.
Article: To get super sleek, shiny hair, you have to be willing to use a bit of product. The key is to look for light products, to keep your hair from looking oily or stringy. Mists and anything with "light" in the product name are a good bet. Make sure to avoid products that are heat activated, because they will be useless without blow-drying. Light oils, styling creams, and hydrating mists can all help your hair dry shiny and smooth. When it comes to finding the perfect product, it may be a bit of trial and error. Look for products made specifically for your hair type (fine, coarse, thick, thin, dry, and so on). Wet hair is fragile, so you want to be extremely gentle as you comb or brush it. This step is important because it helps to distribute the product over the hair. Brushing your hair down also helps the cuticle lay flat, reducing frizz and increasing shine. There are brushes made specifically for wet hair with microfiber bristles to help dry your hair while also smoothing it. Brushes with flexible rubber bristles are also good for wet hair, because they bend as they move through the hair, reducing snagging and unnecessary damage. Depending on your hair, you may or may not need to do this. Some hair starts to frizz as it air dries. If this happens, you can rub a bit of product between your palms and gently smooth out any frizz. Avoid applying product near the roots so your hair isn't weighed down. As your hair dries, playing with it can cause frizz. As much as you want to rake your fingers through it, avoid the temptation! The less you touch it, the better. The same rule goes once it is dried. The oils from your hands can make your hair look stringy, so hands off!
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Apply a product. Brush your hair gently. Reapply product as your hair dries. Avoid touching your hair.