In 7 years, Kaylee will be 5 * 3 = 15 years old. Let x be the age Kaylee is now. After 7 years, Kaylle will be 15 years old, so x + 7 = 15. x = 15 - 7. x = 8 years old.
The answer: 8
Reverse engineering the question: In 7 years, Kaylee will be 3 times as old as Matt is now. If Matt is currently 5 years old, how old is Kaylee now?

If for every $100 spent I save $10, then for $250 spend I'd save $10 * 2 = $20. If my total was $250, then I ended up paying $250 - $20 = $230.
The answer: 230
Reverse engineering the question: There's an online sale where you get $10 for every $100 that you spend. If you make a purchase of $250 before discounts, how much did you end up paying?

Bailey got 8 + 2 = 10 dog supplies. After adding the rawhide bones, she had 10 + 10 = 20 dog supplies. She needed to split the charges across 4 cards, so each charge had 20 * .25 = 5 items.
The answer: 5
Reverse engineering the question: Bailey bought 8 dog treats and an additional 2 chew toys. She also got 10 more rawhide bones. Sadly, she forgot her money and had to split the charges equally across 4 credit cards. How many items were included in each charge?

Let X be the wholesale price. The retail price of a pair of pants is X + X * 80% = $36. Thus 1.8 * X = $36. Thus X = $36 / 1.8 = $20.
The answer: 20
Reverse engineering the question:
A store owner buys clothes wholesale and adds 80% to the wholesale price to set the retail price. The retail price of a pair of pants is $36. What is the wholesale price?