Answer the following question given this paragraph: The digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth as -amylase breaks glycosidic linkages in carbohydrate molecules. Essentially no carbohydrate digestion occurs in the stomach, and food particles pass through to the small intestine, where -amylase and intestinal enzymes convert complex carbohydrate molecules (starches) to monosaccharides. The monosaccharides then pass through the lining of the small intestine and into the bloodstream for transport to all body cells. Protein digestion begins in the stomach as pepsinogen in gastric juice is converted to pepsin, the enzyme that hydrolyzes peptide bonds. The partially digested protein then passes to the small intestine, where the remainder of protein digestion takes place through the action of several enzymes. The resulting amino acids cross the intestinal wall into the blood and are carried to the liver. Lipid digestion begins in the small intestine. Bile salts emulsify the lipid molecules, and then lipases hydrolyze them to fatty acids and monoglycerides. The hydrolysis products pass through the intestine and are repackaged for transport in the bloodstream. In cells that are operating aerobically, acetyl-CoA produced in stage II of catabolism is oxidized to carbon dioxide. The citric acid cycle describes this oxidation, which takes place with the formation of the coenzymes reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH2). The sequence of reactions needed to oxidize these coenzymes and transfer the resulting electrons to oxygen is called the electron transport chain, or the respiratory chain. The compounds responsible for this series of oxidation-reduction reactions include proteins known ascytochromes, FeS proteins, and other molecules that ultimately result in the reduction of molecular oxygen to water. Every time a compound with two carbon atoms is oxidized in the citric acid cycle, a respiratory chain compound accepts the electrons lost in the oxidation (and so is reduced) and then passes them on to the... Q: Protein digestion begins in the stomach as pepsinogen in gastric juice is converted to pepsin, the enzyme that hydrolyzes this? A:

OPTIONS:
- disulfide bridges
- hydrogen bonds
- ionic bonds
- peptide bonds

Answer: peptide bonds

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: The release of mature eggs that occurs at the midpoint of each cycle is called? A:

OPTIONS:
- fertilization
- induction
- semination
- ovulation

Answer: ovulation

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Phosphorus The name phosphorus comes from the Greek words meaning light bringing. When phosphorus was first isolated, scientists noted that it glowed in the dark and burned when exposed to air. Phosphorus is the only member of its group that does not occur in the uncombined state in nature; it exists in many allotropic forms. We will consider two of those forms: white phosphorus and red phosphorus. White phosphorus is a white, waxy solid that melts at 44.2 C and boils at 280 C. It is insoluble in water (in which it is storedsee Figure 18.24), is very soluble in carbon disulfide, and bursts into flame in air. As a solid, as a liquid, as a gas, and in solution, white phosphorus exists as P4 molecules with four phosphorus atoms at the corners of a regular tetrahedron, as illustrated in Figure 18.24. Each phosphorus atom covalently bonds to the other three atoms in the molecule by single covalent bonds. White phosphorus is the most reactive allotrope and is very toxic. Q: When what element - whose name means "light bringing" - was first isolated, scientists noted that it glowed in the dark and burned when exposed to air? A:

OPTIONS:
- oxygen
- mercury
- neon
- phosphorus

Answer: phosphorus

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Both the elephant and the boy are falling to the ground because of gravity. The force of gravity (F grav ) is greater for the elephant than it is for the boy because the elephant is much more massive. Nonetheless, both of them will reach the ground at the same time (assuming they fall from the same height at the same time and there is no air resistance. ). Q: If an elephant and a boy are falling towards the ground, who will land first? A:

OPTIONS:
- the boy
- neither will land
- the elephant
- both same time

Answer:
both same time