Q: For comparison, sunlight on Saturn is slightly brighter than Earth sunlight at the average sunset or sunrise (see daylight for comparison table). Even on Pluto, the sunlight would still be bright enough to almost match the average living room. To see sunlight as dim as full moonlight on Earth, a distance of about 500 AU (~69 light-hours) is needed; there are only a handful of objects in the Solar System known to orbit farther than such a distance, among them 90377 Sedna and (87269) 2000 OO67. A startup has build a simple spaceship that uses only sunlight for its propulsion. The more sunlight it gets faster it moves. They planned to send the spaceship to three different points, point A, point B, and point C. Point A is near the planet Saturn, point B is near Pluto, and point C is about 69 light-hours away. At which point the spaceship would move the fastest, point A, point B, or point C?
A: point A

Question: Many different chemical substances cause cancer. Dozens of chemicals in tobacco smoke, including nicotine, have been shown to cause cancer ( Figure below ). In fact, tobacco smoke is one of the main sources of chemical carcinogens. Smoking tobacco increases the risk of cancer of the lung, mouth, throat, and bladder. Using smokeless tobacco can also cause cancer. Other chemicals that cause cancer include asbestos, formaldehyde, benzene, cadmium, and nickel. Jim and Robert are identical twins both getting their yearly physical check ups at the doctor's office. They are trying to figure out if they are at risk for any future health problems. Both of them consume the same diet and exercise the same amount, and were both raised in the exact same environment. But, Jim has smoked tobacco frequently for several years and Robert has never smoked tobacco in his life. Who is at a higher risk for getting throat cancer the future?
Answer: Jim

[Q]: Mantle melting can come about three ways: (1) when the temperature rises, (2) if the pressure lowers (which lowers the melting point), and (3) if water is added, which lowers the melting point. Two of these (1 and 3) might explain why there are volcanoes at convergent plate boundaries: the temperature of the subducting plate increases as it sinks into the hot mantle (1). Sediments lying on top of the subducting plate contain water. As the sediments subduct, the water rises into the overlying mantle material. This lowers the melting temperature of the mantle (3). When the mantle above the subducting plate melts, volcanoes form above it. This leads to volcanoes in an island arc or continental arc. Ben and Mike both studied earthquakes, while Mike was more interested specifically in mantle melting and related phenomena. Which person didn't learn that the subducting plate increases as it sinks into the hot mantle?
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[A]: Ben

input: Please answer the following: In exercises such as weight lifting, skeletal muscle contracts against a resisting force (see Figure below ). Using skeletal muscle in this way increases its size and strength. In exercises such as running, the cardiac muscle contracts faster and the heart pumps more blood. Using cardiac muscle in this way increases its strength and efficiency. Continued exercise is necessary to maintain bigger, stronger muscles. If you don't use a muscle, it will get smaller and weakerso use it or lose it. Phillip just came home to his apartment after taking a long, vigorous bike ride. He enters the front door to find his roommate, Brandon, sitting on the couch playing videogames and eating potato chips. Phillip tells Brandon that if he keeps being so lazy and snacking so much he's going to start looking chubby. Brandon just waves Phillip off and goes back to his game. Are Brandon's cardiac muscles increasing or decreasing in strength?
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output: decreasing

Please answer this: Protozoa generally feed by engulfing and digesting other organisms. As consumers, they have various roles in food chains and webs. Some are predators. They prey upon other single-celled organisms, such as bacteria. In fact, protozoa predators keep many bacterial populations under control. Other protozoa are herbivores. They graze on algae. Still others are decomposers. They consume dead organic matter. There are also parasitic protozoa that live in or on living hosts. For example, the protozoan that causes malaria lives inside a human host. Protozoa are also important food sources for many larger organisms, including insects and worms. The students studied two ponds. Class A studied a pond filled with protozoa, while class B studied a pond with almost no protozoa. Which class observed more engulfing and digesting of other organisms?
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Answer: Class A

Question: Unfortunately, the layer of good ozone is being destroyed by air pollution. The chief culprits are chlorine and bromine gases. They are released in aerosol sprays, coolants, and other products. Loss of ozone has created an ozone hole over Antarctica. Ozone depletion results in higher levels of UV radiation reaching Earth. In humans, this increases skin cancers and eye cataracts. It also disturbs the nitrogen cycle, kills plankton, and disrupts ocean food webs. The total loss of the ozone layer would be devastating to most life. It's rate of loss has slowed with restrictions on pollutants, but it is still at risk. The researches studied the atmosphere in Antarctica, and close to Greenland. They found out there's an ozone hole over Antarctica. Which landmass had higher levels of UV radiation reaching it?
Answer:
Antarctica