Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

In 1059, the right of electing the pope was reserved to the principal clergy of Rome and the bishops of the seven suburbicarian sees. In the 12th century the practice of appointing ecclesiastics from outside Rome as cardinals began, with each of them assigned a church in Rome as his titular church or linked with one of the suburbicarian dioceses, while still being incardinated in a diocese other than that of Rome.[citation needed]

The term cardinal at one time applied to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church, or specifically to the senior priest of an important church, based on the Latin cardo (hinge), meaning "principal" or "chief". The term was applied in this sense as early as the ninth century to the priests of the tituli (parishes) of the diocese of Rome. The Church of England retains an instance of this origin of the title, which is held by the two senior members of the College of Minor Canons of St Paul's Cathedral.

1. How was it in 1059?
2. Who elected the Pope in 1059?
3. When did it change?
4. What changed then?
5. What is a cardinal?
6. where does the name come from?
7. Do other churches besides Catholic use it?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. unknown
2. the principal clergy of Rome and select bishops
3. the 12th century
4. ecclesiastics were appointed from outside Rome as cardinals
5. the senior priest of an important church
6. the Latin cardo (hinge)
7. Yes

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

NEW ORLEANS, Louisiana (CNN) -- The five remaining defendants in the racially charged "Jena Six" case will appear in court Friday and are expected to enter a plea, a spokesman for the district attorney's office said.

Protesters converged on the small Louisiana town in September 2007 after the "Jena 6" were charged.

Bill Furlow, spokesman for LaSalle Parish District Attorney Reed Walters, declined to say whether the defendants will plead guilty.

"It's not a done deal until it's a done deal," he said.

In December 2006, six African-American teenagers were charged with second-degree attempted murder and conspiracy in the beating of a white classmate.

The incident followed months of racial tension in the community of about 3,000 people.

Jena, Louisiana, is about 140 miles southeast of Shreveport in the north-central part of the state.

The case drew national attention from civil rights groups, who argued that the charges were excessive.

An estimated 15,000-plus demonstrators turned out for a rally on behalf of the teens: Carwin Jones, Jesse Ray Beard, Robert Bailey Jr., Bryant Purvis, Theo Shaw and Mychal Bell.

The charges were eventually reduced.

Bell pleaded guilty to battery in a juvenile court and moved to Monroe, Louisiana. In January, Bell said he had attempted suicide the month before by shooting himself in the chest but was recovering.

Friday's hearing is set for 1:30 p.m.

1. What is the name of the group?
2. Who was in the group?
3. What were their names?
4. What were they being charged with?
5. Were the charges reduced?
6. When were they charged?
7. Did they have supports who thought the charges were extreme?
8. Who tried to kill himself?
9. How did he attempt this?
10. With what?
11. Where did the attack take place?
12. How many individuals live there?
13. How many showed up to protest?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. The "Jena 6"
2. Six African-American teenagers
3. Carwin Jones, Jesse Ray Beard, Robert Bailey Jr., Bryant Purvis, Theo Shaw and Mychal Bell.
4. Second-degree attempted murder and conspiracy
5. Yes.
6. 2006
7. Yes.
8. Bell
9. By shooting himself in the chest
10. A gun.
11. Jena, Louisiana
12. About 3,000 people.
13. An estimated 15,000-plus

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

CHAPTER XI--DANCING

'Prescribe us not our duties.'

'Well, Phyllis,' said her father, as he passed through the hall to mount his horse, 'how do you like the prospect of Monsieur le Roi's instructions?'

'Not at all, papa,' answered Phyllis, running out to the hall door to pat the horse, and give it a piece of bread.

'Take care you turn out your toes,' said Mr. Mohun. 'You must learn to dance like a dragon before Cousin Rotherwood's birthday next year.'

'Papa, how do dragons dance?'

'That is a question I must decide at my leisure,' said Mr. Mohun, mounting. 'Stand out of the way, Phyl, or you will feel how horses dance.'

Away he rode, while Phyllis turned with unwilling steps to the nursery, to be dressed for her first dancing lesson; Marianne Weston was to learn with her, and this was some consolation, but Phyllis could not share in the satisfaction Adeline felt in the arrival of Monsieur le Roi. Jane was also a pupil, but Lily, whose recollections of her own dancing days were not agreeable, absented herself entirely from the dancing-room, even though Alethea Weston had come with her sister.

Poor Phyllis danced as awkwardly as was expected, but Adeline seemed likely to be a pupil in whom a master might rejoice; Marianne was very attentive and not ungraceful, but Alethea soon saw reason to regret the arrangement that had been made, for she perceived that Jane considered the master a fair subject for derision, and her 'nods and becks, and wreathed smiles,' called up corresponding looks in Marianne's face.

1. Who was about to ride a steed?
2. Who is her teacher?
3. Was she happy with the lessons?
4. What did she feed the animal?
5. Who told her to point her toes?
6. What event did she need to be ready by?
7. What did she inquire of her dad?
8. Where did she go after her dad left?
9. Why did she go there?
10. Who would take the class with her?
11. Who left the room to avoid negative flashbacks?
12. How did Mr Mohun's daughter perform?
13. Which student would make a teacher proud?
14. Who was not very graceful?
15. How did Althea feel about the situation?

Numbered answers:

A:
1. her father
2. Monsieur le Roi
3. Yes
4. a piece of bread
5. Mr. Mohun
6. Cousin Rotherwood's birthday next year
7. How do dragons dance?
8. the nursery
9. To be dressed for her first dancing lesson
10. Marianne Weston
11. Lily
12. as awkwardly as was expected
13. Adeline
14. Marianne
15. As a reason to regret the arrangement that had been made