Premise:
"Thus, fixed delivery costs would not be expected to drop until volume per capita were so low that the resulting very low coverage allowed carriers to skip parts of their routes."
Hypothesis: Fixed delivery costs would fluctuate a lot regardless of the volume per capita.

no

Premise:
"The Mamelukes ruled Palestine for two hundred years, leaving behind some very fine architecture."
Hypothesis: The Mamelukes were terrible architects.

no

Premise:
"i've never heard of such of thing this is this is really a surprise to me i wasn't total i'm glad it was you because i was afraid i'd get some guy on here that knows all about this"
Hypothesis: This is quite surprising to me because I've never heard of such a thing.
yes