Answer the following question given this paragraph: This is a "puffball" fungus. At maturity, clouds of a brown dust-like power escape when they are touched. This powdery substance is made up of spores, the reproductive structure of the fungus. Q: What is the cloud of brown dust-like power that escapes when a puffball fungus is touched? A:

OPTIONS:
- ions
- seeds
- pollon
- spores

Answer: spores

Problem: OPTIONS:
- - crystalline layer
- mantle
- impermeable layer
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Oil (red) is found in the porous rock layer (yellow) and trapped by the impermeable layer (brown). The folded structure has allowed the oil to pool so a well can be drilled into the reservoir. Q: Oil is found in the porous rock layer and trapped by the what? A:
Answer: impermeable layer

Problem:OPTIONS:
- dermis
- notochord
- thorax
- vertebral column

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The main distinguishing feature of vertebrates is their vertebral column, or backbone (see Figure below ). The backbone runs from the head to the tail along the dorsal (top) side of the body. The vertebral column is the core of the endoskeleton. It allows a vertebrate to hold its shape. It also houses and protects the spinal (nerve) cord that passes through it. The vertebral column is made up of repeating units called vertebrae (singular, vertebra). In many species, there are shock-absorbing discs between the vertebrae to cushion them during movement. Q: What makes up the core of the endoskeleton? A:
****
A: vertebral column

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The optic nerve carries electrical signals from the rods and cones to the brain. Q: Which nerve carries electrical signals from the rods and cones to the brain? A:
OPTIONS:
- auditory
- neurotransmitter
- axon
- optic
optic

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The arrow in Figure above shows that the reaction goes from left to right, from hydrogen and oxygen to water. The reaction can also go in the reverse direction. If an electric current passes through water, water molecules break down into molecules of hydrogen and oxygen. This reaction would be represented by a right-to-left arrow in Figure above . Q: If an electric current passes through water, water molecules break down into molecules of what? A:
OPTIONS:
- carbon and oxygen
- hydrogen and carbon
- oxygen and methane
- hydrogen and oxygen

Answer: hydrogen and oxygen

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Summary 3.1 Formula Mass and the Mole Concept The formula mass of a substance is the sum of the average atomic masses of each atom represented in the chemical formula and is expressed in atomic mass units. The formula mass of a covalent compound is also called the molecular mass. A convenient amount unit for expressing very large numbers of atoms or molecules is the mole. Experimental measurements have determined the number of entities composing 1 mole of substance to be 6.022 1023, a quantity called Avogadro's number. The mass in grams of 1 mole of substance is its molar mass. Due to the use of the same reference substance in defining the atomic mass unit and the mole, the formula mass (amu) and molar mass (g/mol) for any substance are numerically equivalent (for example, one H2O molecule weighs approximately18 amu and 1 mole of H2O molecules weighs approximately 18 g). 3.2 Determining Empirical and Molecular Formulas The chemical identity of a substance is defined by the types and relative numbers of atoms composing its fundamental entities (molecules in the case of covalent compounds, ions in the case of ionic compounds). A compound's percent composition provides the mass percentage of each element in the compound, and it is often experimentally determined and used to derive the compound's empirical formula. The empirical formula mass of a covalent compound may be compared to the compound's molecular or molar mass to derive a molecular formula. 3.3 Molarity Solutions are homogeneous mixtures. Many solutions contain one component, called the solvent, in which other components, called solutes, are dissolved. An aqueous solution is one for which the solvent is water. The concentration of a solution is a measure of the relative amount of solute in a given amount of solution. Concentrations may be measured using various units, with one very useful unit being molarity, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. The solute concentration of a solution may be decreased by adding solvent, a... Q: The formula mass of a covalent compound is also called the what? A:
OPTIONS:
- atomic mass
- ionic mass
- nucleus mass
- molecular mass
output:
molecular mass