Postmodernism describes a broad movement that developed in the mid- to late 20th century across philosophy, the arts, architecture and criticism which marked a departure from modernism. While encompassing a broad range of ideas, postmodernism is typically defined by an attitude of skepticism, irony or rejection toward grand narratives, ideologies and various tenets of universalism, including objective notions of reason, human nature, social progress, moral universalism, absolute truth, and objective reality. Instead, it asserts to varying degrees that claims to knowledge and truth are products of social, historical or political discourses or interpretations, and are therefore contextual or socially constructed. Accordingly, postmodern thought is broadly characterized by tendencies to epistemological and moral relativism, pluralism, irreverence and self-referentiality.

The term "postmodernism" has been applied both to the era following modernity and to a host of movements within that era (mainly in art, music, and literature) that reacted against tendencies in modernism. Postmodernism includes skeptical critical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, linguistics, economics, architecture, fiction, feminist theory, and literary criticism. Postmodernism is often associated with schools of thought such as deconstruction and post-structuralism, as well as philosophers such as Jean-Francois Lyotard, Jacques Derrida, and Frederic Jameson.

The term "postmodern" was first used around the 1880s. John Watkins Chapman suggested "a Postmodern style of painting" as a way to depart from French Impressionism. J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in "The Hibbert Journal" (a quarterly philosophical review), used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion, writing: "The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition."

Based on the article and the following list of answers, write a list of questions.

1. around the 1880s
2. John Watkins Chapman
3. J. M. Thompson
4. it is typically defined by an attitude of skepticism, irony or rejection toward grand narratives
5. yes
6. Jean-Francois Lyotard, Jacques Derrida, and Frederic Jameson
7. deconstruction and post-structuralism
8. yes
9. yes
10. in the mid- to late 20th century
11. it is broadly characterized by tendencies to epistemological and moral relativism
1. When was the term first used?
2. Who suggested a postmodern style of painting?
3. Who wrote The Hibbert Journal?
4. What is postmodernism defined as?
5. Has it been applied to art?
6. What philosophers is it associated with?
7. What schools of thought is it associated with?
8. Is it applied to literature?
9. Is it applied to music?
10. When was it developed?
11. How is post modern thought characterized?