input: Please answer the following: Given the following passage "To symbolize their bond with the papacy, the pope gives each newly appointed cardinal a gold ring, which is traditionally kissed by Catholics when greeting a cardinal (as with a bishop's episcopal ring). The pope chooses the image on the outside: under Pope Benedict XVI it was a modern depiction of the crucifixion of Jesus, with Mary and John to each side. The ring includes the pope's coat of arms on the inside.[citation needed]", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: The pope can be graphically represented by a?
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output: coat of arms

input: Please answer the following: Given the following passage "Japanese (Famicom) cartridges are shaped slightly differently. While the NES used a 72-pin interface, the Famicom system used a 60-pin design. Unlike NES games, official Famicom cartridges were produced in many colors of plastic. Adapters, similar in design to the popular accessory Game Genie, are available that allow Famicom games to be played on an NES. In Japan, several companies manufactured the cartridges for the Famicom. This allowed these companies to develop their own customized chips designed for specific purposes, such as chips that increased the quality of sound in their games.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: Which of the following is a specific purpose for a customized chip: quality of sound, colors, or shape?
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output: quality of sound

input: Please answer the following: Given the following passage "The layout of the inner suburbs on a largely one-mile grid pattern, cut through by wide radial boulevards, and string of gardens surrounding the central city was largely established in the 1850s and 1860s. These areas were rapidly filled from the mid 1850s by the ubiquitous terrace house, as well as detached houses and some grand mansions in large grounds, while some of the major roads developed as shopping streets. Melbourne quickly became a major finance centre, home to several banks, the Royal Mint, and Australia's first stock exchange in 1861. In 1855 the Melbourne Cricket Club secured possession of its now famous ground, the MCG. Members of the Melbourne Football Club codified Australian football in 1859, and Yarra rowing clubs and "regattas" became popular about the same time. In 1861 the Melbourne Cup was first run. In 1864 Melbourne acquired its first public monumentthe Burke and Wills statue.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: What was established in the 61st year of the 19th century?
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output: Australia's first stock exchange

input: Please answer the following: Given the following passage "Uranium metal heated to 250 to 300 C (482 to 572 F) reacts with hydrogen to form uranium hydride. Even higher temperatures will reversibly remove the hydrogen. This property makes uranium hydrides convenient starting materials to create reactive uranium powder along with various uranium carbide, nitride, and halide compounds. Two crystal modifications of uranium hydride exist: an form that is obtained at low temperatures and a form that is created when the formation temperature is above 250 C.", answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text. Question: What changes of the combination exist?
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output:
an form that is obtained at low temperatures and a form that is created when the formation temperature is above 250 C