[Q]: I jumped instinctively in fright.
What is the cause?

[A]: I sensed someone approaching me from behind.

[Q]: I received a package in the mail.
What is the effect?

[A]: The package triggered my curiosity.

[Q]: The crowd gave the band a standing ovation.
What is the effect?

[A]: The band reappeared on the stage.

[Q]: The skunk sprayed the dog.
What is the effect?

[A]:
The dog emitted a foul smell.