Question: CHAPTER THIRTEEN.

A KNOTTY QUESTION.

"Tom Blunt," said Richard Sharp, "I deny your premises, condemn your reasoning as illogical, and reject your conclusions with scorn!"

The youth who made this remark with very considerable assurance and emphasis was a student. His fellow-student received it with an air of bland good-nature.

"Dick," said he, "your oratory is rotund, and if it were convincing might be impressive; but it fails to some extent in consequence of a certain smack of self-assertion which is unphilosophical. Suppose, now, that we have this matter out in a calm, dispassionate manner, without 'tooth,' or egotism, or prejudice, which tend so powerfully to mar human disputation and render it abortive."

"With all my heart, Tom," said the other, drawing close to the fire, placing one foot against the mantelpiece, as being a comfortable, though not elegant posture, resting his elbows on the arms of his chair, and placing his hands in that position--with all the finger tips touching each other--which seems, from the universal practice of civilised society, to assist mental elucidation. "I am quite prepared. Come on!"

"Stay; while my mind is working I like to have my hands employed. I will proceed with my monkey while we talk," said Blunt, taking up a walking-stick, the head of which he had carved into the semblance of a monkey. "Sweet creature!" he added, kissing the object of his affection, and holding it out at arm's-length. "Silent companion of my solitary rambles, and patient auditor of my most secret aspirations, you are becoming quite a work of art. A few more touches of the knife, and something like perfection shall have been attained! Look here, Dick, when I turn it towards the light--so--isn't there a beauty about the contour of that upper lip and nose which--" 1. Who is having a conversation?
2. What is Richard's nickname?
3. What is their occupation?
4. Does Dick agree with Tom?
5. Are they indoors?
6. What are they sitting by?
7. Is Dick sitting on a stool?
8. What is he sitting on?
9. What did he put on the chair's arms?
10. What might help him think?
11. What's special about that?
12. Is he sitting in a refined position?
13. What does Tom want to do to help him think?
14. What is he working on?
15. What is he doing to it?
16. Which part?
17. What animal is he making it look like?
18. Does he think he's doing a good job?
19. What does he think about Dicks speech?
20. Is this a friendly debate? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. Tom Blunt and Richard Sharp
2. Dick
3. they're students
4. no
5. yes
6. a fire
7. no
8. a chair
9. his elbows
10. the position of his hands
11. all the fingertips are touching
12. no
13. have his hands employed
14. a walking-stick
15. carving it
16. the head
17. a monkey
18. yes
19. it's unconvincing
20. yes

Q: Madrid is the capital of Spain and the largest municipality in both the Community of Madrid and Spain as a whole. The city has almost 3.166million inhabitants with a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.5 million. It is the third-largest city in the European Union (EU) after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan area is the third-largest in the EU after those of London and Paris. The municipality itself covers an area of .

Madrid lies on the River Manzanares in the centre of both the country and the Community of Madrid (which comprises the city of Madrid, its conurbation and extended suburbs and villages); this community is bordered by the autonomous communities of Castile and Leon and Castile-La Mancha. As the capital city of Spain, seat of government, and residence of the Spanish monarch, Madrid is also the political, economic and cultural centre of the country. The current mayor is Manuela Carmena from Ahora Madrid.

The Madrid urban agglomeration has the third-largest GDP in the European Union and its influences in politics, education, entertainment, environment, media, fashion, science, culture, and the arts all contribute to its status as one of the world's major global cities. Madrid is home to two world-famous football clubs, Real Madrid and Atletico de Madrid. Due to its economic output, high standard of living, and market size, Madrid is considered the major financial centre of Southern Europe and the Iberian Peninsula; it hosts the head offices of the vast majority of major Spanish companies, such as Telefonica, IAG or Repsol. Madrid is the 17th most liveable city in the world according to Monocle magazine, in its 2014 index.

1. Real Madrid and Atletico de Madrid
2. the River Manzanares
3. Spain
4. 6.5 million
5. 3.166million
6. London and Berlin
7. Southern Europe and the Iberian Peninsula
8. Telefonica
9. Monocle magazine
10. 2014
11. Manuela Carmena
12. Ahora Madrid.
13. unknown
14. the autonomous communities of Castile and Leon and Castile-La Manch
15. yes
16. It is the third-largest city
17. third
18. politics, education, entertainment
19. the world

Numbered questions:
1. What famous athletic clubs is Madrid home to?
2. What river is it on?
3. What country is it the capital of?
4. How many people are in its metropolitan area?
5. And in the city?
6. What other two cities are larger than it in the European Union?
7. What is it considered the major financial center of?
8. What is one major Spanish company in the city?
9. Who named it the 17th most liveable city?
10. In what year?
11. Whose the mayor now?
12. Where's he from?
13. What does the municipality cover?
14. What borders the Community of Madrid?
15. Does the Spanish monarch live in Madrid?
16. What does it have the third largest of in the European Union?
17. What position does its GDP have in the European Union?
18. Can you name a couple things that Madrid influences?
19. What do they contribute to?

input: In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other languages, notably most Indian and East Asian languages, the difference is contrastive.

To feel or see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds, one can put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's mouth, and say pin [pn] and then spin [spn]. One should either feel a puff of air or see a flicker of the candle flame with pin that one does not get with spin. In most dialects of English, the initial consonant is aspirated in pin and unaspirated in spin.

In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter , a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative h. For instance, p represents the voiceless bilabial stop, and p represents the aspirated bilabial stop. 1. How can you tell an aspirated sound from an unaspirated one?
2. what is one way to do that?
3. Is there another way?
4. what are two words you can speak to notice the difference?
5. which is aspirated?
6. what is the definition of aspiration?
7. what happens to a candle when one speaks an aspirated sound near it?
8. What does IPA stand for?
9. How are aspirated sounds noted?
10. Where is the modifier placed? Return numbered answers in your output.

output:
1. test for a puff of air
2. put a candle in front of your mouth
3. put your hand in front of your mouth
4. pin and spin
5. pin
6. the strong burst of breath
7. there will be a flicker in the candle flame.
8. International Phonetic Alphabet
9. by voiceless consonants followed by an aspiration modifier
10. as a superscript