The Nobel Prizes in physiology or medicine, physics and chemistry are the most respected prizes in science. But talk to scientists in private, and many will complain why (besides jealousy, perhaps) are some scientists unhappy with the Nobels?

One reason is that the committees can often be slow to recognize achievement. Alfred Nobel specified in his will that the prizes should reward work done in the previous year. But experience soon showed that this was risky, as medals were given out for discoveries that later proved questionable. So a degree of caution is probably advisable. Sometimes, though, it can lead to strange results. Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, for instance, had to wait until 1983 to win a prize for work he had done in the 1930s on the structure of stars. However, Albert Einstein never won a prize for his theory of relativity. Even though some pretty suggestive evidence had been produced by Arthur Eddington in 1919, relativity, which has later passed every experimental test ever thrown at it, was still considered somewhat risky and obscure.

Another criticism concerns the tradition that no more than three people can share a prize. Science is rarely this clear-cut. Take this year's physics prize, which recognised Peter Higgs for predicting the existence of the mass-bestowing particle that now bears his name. Dr Higgs was only one of several people with a claim. Two other teams---- Rober Brout and Francois Englert, as well as Gerald Guralnik, Carl Hageh and Tom Kibble----- submitted papers on the same idea to the same journal that published Dr Higgs's work, all within a few months of each other. Science often works like this, with different people coming up with similar ideas at similar times. In the event, the committee decided to honour Dr Engler (Brout is dead, therefore unqualified), whose paper was earlier than Dr Higgs's but did not explicitly predict a particle, over Dr Guralnik and his collaborators, who were more comprehensive but published a few weeks later. What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. What is a reason that scientists are unhappy with Nobels?
2. Did Albert Einstein ever win a Nobel Prize?
3. How many can have the honor at one time?
4. When did Chandrasekhar get his award?
5. What did the person do to get the award this year?
6. Who else claimed it?
7. Who was it?
8. Who else got honored?
9. Who was earlier than the winner?
10. What is the most respected award?
11. What is risky?
12. Anything else that is a risk?
13. What was done in the '30s?
14. Who did the most comprehensive report?
Answer: 1. Slow to recognize achievement
2. No
3. Three
4. 1983
5. Making a prediction
6. Two other teams
7. Rober Brout and Francois Englert
8. Gerald Guralnik, Carl Hageh and Tom Kibble
9. Dr Engler
10. The Nobel Prize
11. relativity
12. Rewarding work done in the previous year
13. Work on the structure of stars
14. Dr Guralnik and his collaborators

Richard Phillips Feynman (/fanmn/; May 11, 1918 February 15, 1988) was an American theoretical physicist known for his work in the path integral formulation of quantum mechanics, the theory of quantum electrodynamics, and the physics of the superfluidity of supercooled liquid helium, as well as in particle physics for which he proposed the parton model. For his contributions to the development of quantum electrodynamics, Feynman, jointly with Julian Schwinger and Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965. He developed a widely used pictorial representation scheme for the mathematical expressions governing the behavior of subatomic particles, which later became known as Feynman diagrams. During his lifetime, Feynman became one of the best-known scientists in the world. In a 1999 poll of 130 leading physicists worldwide by the British journal Physics World he was ranked as one of the ten greatest physicists of all time.

Feynman was a keen popularizer of physics through both books and lectures, including a 1959 talk on top-down nanotechnology called There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom, and the three-volume publication of his undergraduate lectures, The Feynman Lectures on Physics. Feynman also became known through his semi-autobiographical books Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman! and What Do You Care What Other People Think? and books written about him, such as Tuva or Bust! and Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman by James Gleick. What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. Who is Richard?
2. What is his famous work?
3. What his famous study all about?
4. Did he have any partners for that?
5. Did he receive any awards?
6. What award was that?
7. What illustration he made?
8. What that illustration all about?
9. Did he write any biography?
10. What title is that?
11. Any other tittles?
12. And what is that?
13. Did he publish any articles?
14. What articles?
15. What tittle is that?
16. Was he a famous scientist?
17. Was he an intelligent physicists?
18. Who claimed him as intelligent physicists?
19. By who?
20. In what year?
Answer: 1. American theoretical physicist
2. yes
3. quantum electrodynamics
4. yes
5. yes
6. Nobel Prize in Physics
7. Feynman diagrams
8. behavior of subatomic particles
9. semi-autobiographical
10. Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!
11. Yes, one more
12. What Do You Care What Other People Think?
13. yes
14. his undergraduate lectures
15. The Feynman Lectures on Physics
16. yes
17. yes
18. 130 leading physicists
19. the British journal Physics World
20. 1999

CHAPTER XXX

On the way back from the sick mare, Dick paused once to listen to the restless stamp of Mountain Lad and his fellows in the stallion barn. In the quiet air, from somewhere up the hills, came the ringing of a single bell from some grazing animal. A cat's-paw of breeze fanned him with sudden balmy warmth. All the night was balmy with the faint and almost aromatic scent of ripening grain and drying grass. The stallion stamped again, and Dick, with a deep breath and realization that never had he more loved it all, looked up and circled the sky-line where the crests of the mountains blotted the field of stars.

"No, Cato," he mused aloud. "One cannot agree with you. Man does not depart from life as from an inn. He departs as from a dwelling, the one dwelling he will ever know. He departs ... nowhere. It is good night. For him the Noiseless One ... and the dark."

He made as if to start, but once again the stamp of the stallions held him, and the hillside bell rang out. He drew a deep inhalation through his nostrils of the air of balm, and loved it, and loved the fair land of his devising.

"'I looked into time and saw none of me there,'" he quoted, then capped it, smiling, with a second quotation: "'She gat me nine great sons.... The other nine were daughters.'"

Back at the house, he did not immediately go in, but stood a space gazing at the far flung lines of it. Nor, inside, did he immediately go to his own quarters. Instead, he wandered through the silent rooms, across the patios, and along the dim-lit halls. His frame of mind was as of one about to depart on a journey. He pressed on the lights in Paula's fairy patio, and, sitting in an austere Roman seat of marble, smoked a cigarette quite through while he made his plans. What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. Who was travelling?
2. Where was Dick coming from?
3. Did he stop?
4. To do what?
5. Listen to what?
6. What was Mountain Lad?
7. Did Dick go into the house?
8. Did he sit down?
9. Where?
10. In what kind of chair?
11. Did he do anything while sitting?
Answer:
1. unknown
2. from the sick mare
3. yes
4. listen
5. the restless stamp of Mountain Lad and his fellows in the stallion bar
6. stallion
7. yes
8. yes
9. Paula's fairy patio
10. Roman seat of marble
11. made his plans