Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Q: Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL), is an aggressive type of lymphoma whose standard treatment and validated prognostic model have not yet been defined.', 'CD30 expression was detected using immunohistochemistry in 96 ENKTL patients, and the data were used to evaluate its relationship with clinical features, treatment response and prognosis.', 'Expression of CD30 was detected in 31.2% of ENKTL patients, which was significantly correlated with B symptoms and elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase. The complete remission rate was not significantly different between CD30-positive and negative groups. After a median follow-up time of 31 months, 5-year overall survival (OS) and 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates in the CD30-positive group were both significantly lower than those in the CD30-negative group (34.1% vs. 64.4%, P=0.002, for 5 year-OS; 26.0% vs. 66.7%, P<0.001, for 5 year-PFS). In patients with an International Prognostic Index (IPI) or Korean Prognostic Index (KPI) score of 0-1, CD30 positivity was associated with shorter 5-year OS and PFS (IPI: P=0.001 and 0.002, respectively; KPI: P=0.018 and 0.023, respectively). In a multivariate Cox regression model, CD30 expression and stage were independent prognostic factors for OS (p=0.004 and p=0.012, respectively) and PFS (p=0.001 and p=0.022, respectively).

A: Is cD30 expression a novel prognostic indicator in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma , nasal type?
****
Q: Video-EEG monitoring in the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) is a limited clinical resource. Knowledge of the predicting factors for length of stay (LOS) in the EMU may allow providers to more efficiently utilize EMU bed space.', 'The records for all consecutive admissions to the EMU at the University of Colorado Hospital between December 1, 2010 and May 31, 2011 (n = 142) were retrospectively reviewed.', 'Univariate analyses focusing on variables known prior to admission showed that EMU LOS (in hours) was not significantly correlated with patient age, number of event types, or number of antiepileptic drugs at admission. Patients who were admitted to the EMU for event characterization had statistically significantly shorter average LOS than patients who had been admitted as a part of a presurgical evaluation. Patients who reported < = 1 seizure per week had a statistically significantly higher average LOS than patients who reported >= 1 seizure per day. These variables were also significantly predictive of total LOS (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.03, respectively) in multivariate analysis.

A: Do pre-admission clinical factors affect length of stay in the epilepsy monitoring unit?
****
Q: To test the relationships among particular motives for smoking cessation, stage of readiness to quit (preparation or contemplation), and sociodemographic characteristics.', 'A cross-sectional study to examine attitudes toward and use of health promotion at the worksite, using a self-administered questionnaire.', 'Two German metal companies.', 'Of 1641 responding employees (response rate 65% in company A and 44% in company B), 360 smokers who intended to quit immediately (n = 105) or in the near future (n = 255) were analyzed.', "The questionnaire comprised of sociodemographic characteristics, smoking behavior, smoking history, readiness to quit smoking, motives to quit, such as coworkers' complaints and health-related or financial concerns. Chi-squared tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed.", "Health-related reasons (94%) predominated financial (27%) or image-related (14%) reasons for smoking cessation. Participants in the cessation preparation group were more likely to report an awareness of being addicted (79.6% vs. 58.2%; p < .001) and the negative public image (22.5% vs. 11.6%; p < .01) as reasons for quitting compared with those in the contemplation group. In multivariable regression models, the motives for smoking cessation, including reduced performance, family's and coworkers' complaints, pregnancy/children, and negative public image, but not health-related and financial concerns, differed significantly by gender, age, marital status, education, and occupational status.

A:
Are motives for smoking cessation associated with stage of readiness to quit smoking and sociodemographics among German industrial employees?
****