instruction:
Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.
question:
The aim of the current study was to characterize -cell function, insulin sensitivity and line of inheritance in patients with recent-onset type 2 diabetes of Yemenite and non-Yemenite Jewish origin.', 'A cohort study including 121 GAD negative diabetic patients, 59 of Yemenite and 62 of non-Yemenite origin, treated by dietoral antihyperglycemic monotherapy who underwent 180-min meal tolerance test (MMT). Based on MMT, indexes of insulin resistance and secretion were calculated.', 'There were no significant differences in age, sex, diabetes duration, BMI, HbA1c and lipid profile. A significant difference was found in family history of diabetes: 63% of patients of Yemenite origin had maternal inheritance versus 35% in the non-Yemenite origin (p<0.001). Both indexes of -cell function, the insulinogenic and the disposition indexes were significantly lower in patients of Yemenite origin compared with non-Yemenite origin (0.660.4 vs. 0.930.8, p=0.04; 2.31.8 vs. 3.33.3, p=0.04, respectively) with no difference in insulin sensitivity. When females and males were analyzed separately, the difference in maternal inheritance remained significant in both, but the difference in -cell function indexes was observed only in males (p=0.03, p=0.01, respectively).
answer:
1

question:
Maternal nutrition during different stages of pregnancy can induce significant changes in the structure, physiology, and metabolism of the offspring. These changes could have important implications on food animal production especially if these perturbations impact muscle and adipose tissue development. Here, we evaluated the impact of different maternal isoenergetic diets, alfalfa haylage (HY; fiber), corn (CN; starch), and dried corn distillers grains (DG; fiber plus protein plus fat), on the transcriptome of fetal muscle and adipose tissues in sheep.', 'Prepartum diets were associated with notable gene expression changes in fetal tissues. In longissimus dorsi muscle, a total of 224 and 823 genes showed differential expression (FDR 0.05) in fetuses derived from DG vs. CN and HY vs. CN maternal diets, respectively. Several of these significant genes affected myogenesis and muscle differentiation. In subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissues, 745 and 208 genes were differentially expressed (FDR 0.05), respectively, between CN and DG diets. Many of these genes are involved in adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and adipose tissue development. Pathway analysis revealed that several GO terms and KEGG pathways were enriched (FDR 0.05) with differentially expressed genes associated with tissue and organ development, chromatin biology, and different metabolic processes.
answer:
0

question:
Few studies investigated the relationship between fibrinolysis abnormalities and residual pulmonary perfusion defects after acute pulmonary embolism (PE).', 'To assess the fibrinolytic profile in patients with prior PE in relation to the extent of scintigraphically detectable residual perfusion abnormalities.', 'We studied 71 consecutive patients with a prior episode of PE, who were examined after one year of the incident embolic event, and at least one month after anticoagulation withdrawal. They underwent lung scintigraphy to assess the recovery of pulmonary perfusion, echocardiography and chest radiography to look for signs of pulmonary hypertension. Clot formation and lysis were evaluated by two turbidimetric methods: Clot and Lysis Assay and Clot Lysis Time. We also measured the in vitro plasmin-mediated lysis of fibrin from purified fibrinogen, and the circulating levels of fibrinolytic inhibitors. The sample was split in two categories based on the extent of residual perfusion defects: <10% (n=53), 10% (n=18).', 'Patients with perfusion defects >10% had significantly longer lysis time (p<0.05), and higher levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (p<0.01) than those with perfusion defects <10%. The time interval between symptoms onset and PE diagnosis (time-to-diagnosis) was significantly longer in patients with perfusion defects >10% than in the others (p=0.005). In multivariate logistic regression, both lysis time and time-to-diagnosis were independently associated with perfusion defects >10% (p<0.001). None of the sampled patients had echocardiographic or radiologic signs of pulmonary hypertension.
answer:
1