Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

[Q]: Context: Altered cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of lactate have been described in neurodegenerative diseases and related to mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal degeneration. We investigated the relationship between CSF lactate levels, disease severity, and biomarkers associated with neuroaxonal damage in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).', 'One-hundred eighteen subjects with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) were included, along with one-hundred fifty seven matched controls. CSF levels of lactate, tau protein, and neurofilament light were detected at the time of diagnosis. Patients were followed-up for a mean of 5 years. Progression index (PI), multiple sclerosis severity scale (MSSS), and Bayesian risk estimate for multiple sclerosis (BREMS) were assessed as clinical measures of disease severity and progression. Differences between groups and correlation between CSF lactate, disease severity and CSF biomarkers of neuronal damage were explored.', 'CSF lactate was higher in RRMS patients compared to controls. A negative correlation was found between lactate levels and disease duration. Patients with higher CSF lactate concentration had significantly higher PI, MSSS, and BREMS scores at long-term follow-up. Furthermore, CSF lactate correlated positively and significantly with CSF levels of both tau protein and neurofilament light protein.
Answer: Measurement of CSF lactate may be helpful, in conjunction with other biomarkers of tissue damage, as an early predictor of disease severity in RRMS patients. A better understanding of the alterations of mitochondrial metabolic pathways associated to RRMS severity may pave the way to new therapeutic targets to contrast axonal damage and disease severity.
[A]: Is cerebrospinal fluid lactate associated with multiple sclerosis disease progression?

[Q]: Context: The use of sedation allows medical procedures to be performed outside the operating room while ensuring patient comfort and a controlled environment to increase the yield of the procedure. There is concern about a higher risk of adverse events with use of sedation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.', 'We aimed to determine if the presence of obstructive sleep apnea increased the risk of hospitalization and/or health care use after patients received moderate conscious sedation for an elective, ambulatory colonoscopy.', 'We conducted a retrospective case-control database and chart review study. We compared hospital admissions, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and emergency room visits at 24 hours, 7 days, and 30 days in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (n=3,860) and without obstructive sleep apnea (n=2,374) who had undergone an elective, ambulatory colonoscopy with sedation.', 'We found no significant differences in hospital admissions, ICU admissions, or emergency room visits between the two groups at any time point within the 30 days following the procedures. In a sensitivity analysis in which we compared 827 individuals with polysomnographically confirmed sleep apnea with control subjects, there was still no difference in hospital admissions, ICU admissions, or emergency room visits in the 30 days after receiving sedation for the procedure. Outcomes were not different in individuals with various severities of obstructive sleep apnea.
Answer: The presence of obstructive sleep apnea was not associated with increased early hospital admissions, ICU admissions, or emergency room visits after colonoscopy with sedation.
[A]: Is obstructive Sleep Apnea Associated with Higher Health Care Use after Colonoscopy under Conscious Sedation?

[Q]: Context: To examine the relationship between statin use in Chinese patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) during their hospitalization and the outcomes.', 'Data were collected from the China National Stroke Registry. Good functional outcome was defined by a modified Rankin Scale score between 0-2. Functional outcome and rate of mortality at 3 months and 1 year were compared between ICH patients on statin and those without it during their hospitalization. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the multivariable logistic regression model adjusted for baseline risk factors.', 'Among 3218 consecutive ICH patients from 2007 to 2008, 220 (6.8%) were on statin during their hospitalization. Compared with those without statin, patients on statin were younger, had more stroke risk factors but lower stroke severity. ICH patients on statin had better functional outcome at 3 months (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.49-3.36) and at 1 year (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.37-3.06). They also had lower rate of mortality at 3 months (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.22-0.87) and 1 year (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.27-0.86).
Answer: In-hospital statin use in ICH patients is associated with better functional outcome and lower mortality at 3 months and 1 year.
[A]:
Does use of statin during hospitalization improve the outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage?