Q: Qian Xuesen is one of the pioneers of China's space science. As a world-famous expert on aerospace rockets and aerodynamics, he obtained great achievements in the areas of applied mechanics, engineering cybernetics and system engineering and made distinguished contributions to the foundation and development of Chinese aerospace undertaking . He graduated from Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1934, and Qian Xuesen went to the United States to study in MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, one year later. After receiving master's degree in MIT, he went to study in California Institute of Technology and received PhD degrees in both aerospace and mathematics. In 1955, six years after the founding of People's Republic of China, Qian Xuesen returned to his motherland. His return brought China the hope of developing space science and its own missiles. In 1956, Qian Xuesen put forward "Proposal on the Development of China's Aviation Industry for National Defense". With the support from Zhou Enlai, the premier, and marshal Nie Rongzheng, Qian Xuesen began to prepare for the establishment of China's first missile and rocket research and development structure, the Fifth Research Institute of State Ministry of Defense. Henceforth , he has long been in charge of the chief technological research and development of China's missile, rocket and spacecraft. Due to research and development led by Qian Xuesen, China successfully exploded its first atom bomb in 1964. Later, China launched its first man-made satellite, Dong Fang Hong I, to the earth orbit on April 24, 1970, becoming the fifth country in the world to independently launch satellite following the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the USA, France and Japan. The satellite floated around the earth, blaring the song Dong Fang Hong, which has the same name as the satellite. As a _ leading the development of China's aerospace science and technology, Qian Xuesen also provided chances for young scientists. Wang Yongzhi, former chief designer of China's manned-space project, has benefited a lot from Qian Xuesen. "He suggested that rocket of the second generation should be developed by our second generation scientists. This suggestion gave us chances to be general designers." Recalling the experience working with Qian Xuesen, Sun Jiadong, general designer of China's lunar orbiter project, is very grateful. "He put great expectation on us and trusted us a lot. Whenever we made mistakes, he seldom blamed us, but helped us to find out the reason so we could avoid it in the future." Honored as Father of China's Missile and King of Rockets, Qian Xuesen never stopped his work on scientific research after he retired. He said he had no time to review the past, but looked forward to the future.

Answer the following questions:
1. Who is the story about?
2. What is he viewed as by others?
3. Did he contribute to China's aerospace research?
4. Where did he begin his education?
5. And what year did he graduate?
6. Did he remain in China after that?
7. Where did he go?
8. What fields did he receive phds in while he was there?
9. What new technology did he help develop in China?
10. Did he ever stop researching?
A: 1. Qian Xuesen
2. Father of China's Missile and King of Rockets
3. Yes
4. Shanghai Jiaotong University
5. 1934
6. No
7. United States
8. aerospace and mathematics
9. first man-made satellite
10. No

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

CHAPTER XI.

DETERIORATION OF CHARACTER.

B.C. 329

Alexander at the summit of his ambition.--Sad changes.--Alexander becomes dissipated.--His officers became estranged.--Character of Parmenio.--His services to Alexander.--Parmenio's son, Philotas.--His dissolute character.--Conspiracies.--Plot of Dymnus.--Dymnus destroys himself.--Philotas suspected.--The council of officers.--Philotas accused.--Arrest of Philotas.--The body of Dymnus.--Alexander's address to the army.--Philotas brought to trial.--Defense of Philotas.--He is put to the torture.--Confession of Philotas.--He is stoned to death.--Parmenio condemned to death.--Mission of Polydamas.--Precautions.--Brutal murder of Parmenio.--Story of Clitus.--He saves Alexander's life.--Services of Clitus.--Occurrences at the banquet.--Clitus reproaches Alexander.--Alexander's rage.--Alexander assassinates Clitus.--His remorse.

Alexander was now twenty-six years of age. He had accomplished fully the great objects which had been the aim of his ambition. Darius was dead, and he was himself the undisputed master of all western Asia. His wealth was almost boundless. His power was supreme over what was, in his view, the whole known world. But, during the process of rising to this ascendency, his character was sadly changed. He lost the simplicity, the temperance, the moderation, and the sense of justice which characterized his early years. He adopted the dress and the luxurious manners of the Persians. He lived in the palaces of the Persian kings, imitating all their state and splendor. He became very fond of convivial entertainments and of wine, and often drank to excess. He provided himself a seraglio of three hundred and sixty young females, in whose company he spent his time, giving himself up to every form of effeminacy and dissipation. In a word, he was no longer the same man. The decision, the energy of character, the steady pursuit of great ends by prudence, forethought, patient effort, and self-denial, all disappeared; nothing now seemed to interest him but banquets, carousals, parties of pleasure, and whole days and nights spent in dissipation and vice.

1. Who was successful?
2. WHat was his name?
3. Had anyone stood in his way?
4. Who?
5. Did he defeat this obstacle?
6. Did his victories alter him in any way?
7. How so?
8. Was there a culture he particularly admired?
9. Did he stay in his homeland?
10. Where did he go live?
11. Did he live a simple life there?
12. Did he like big celebrations?
13. What was one thing he did at those events?
14. Did he stay faithful to one woman?
15. How many women did he keep around?
16. Did he keep working hard?
17. What did he do instead?
18. How old was he at this time?
19. WHat did he accomplish before all of these changes?
20. Did he have any real rivals?

Numbered answers:

A:
1. He had accomplished fully the great objects
2. Alexander
3. Yes
4. Darius
5. Yes
6. Yes
7. He lost the simplicity, the temperance, the moderation, and the sense of justice which characterized his early year
8. Yes the Persians
9. unknown
10. lived in the palaces of the Persian kings
11. No
12. Yes
13. Often drank to excess
14. no
15. Three hundred and sixty young females
16. No
17. Parties of pleasure
18. twenty-six years of age
19. himself the undisputed master of all western Asia
20. Darius