Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

[EX Q]: Ets transcription factors have been widely implicated in the control of tumorigenesis, with most studies suggesting tumor-promoting roles. However, few studies have examined Ets tumorigenesis-modifying functions in vivo using model genetic systems.', 'Using mice expressing a previously characterized Ets dominant repressor transgene in the intestinal epithelium (Villin-En/Erm), we examined the consequences of blocking endogenous Ets-mediated transcriptional activation on tumorigenesis in the ApcMin model of intestinal carcinoma.', 'En/Erm expression in the intestine, at levels not associated with overt crypt-villus dysmorphogenesis, results in a marked increase in tumor number in ApcMin animals. Moreover, when examined histologically, tumors from En/Erm-expressing animals show a trend toward greater stromal invasiveness. Detailed analysis of crypt-villus homeostasis in these En/Erm transgenic animals suggests increased epithelial turnover as one possible mechanism for the enhanced tumorigenesis.
[EX A]: 0

[EX Q]: Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-blocking agents, including etanercept and infliximab, has resulted in reductions in the radiographic progression of RA. However, the exact mechanism by which this protection occurs has not been determined. In order to add to such knowledge, we investigated the effect of anti-TNF therapy on the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) in synovial tissue.', "The expression of OPG and RANKL in synovial biopsy specimens was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Serial synovial biopsy specimens were obtained from 18 patients with RA, before and after treatment with etanercept (9 patients) or infliximab (9 patients). Biopsy specimens were evaluated by double-blind semiquantitative analysis and image analysis. The in vitro effect of TNF antagonists on the RANKL/OPG expression in osteoblasts and endothelial cells was evaluated by Western blotting. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon's signed rank test, followed by the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons of paired samples. The results of in vitro experiments were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance, with Tukey's post hoc test.", 'Treatment with both infliximab and etanercept increased the expression of OPG in synovial tissue. After 8 weeks of treatment, neither infliximab nor etanercept influenced RANKL expression. In both groups of patients, the RANKL:OPG ratio decreased following therapy. In vitro, both of the TNF antagonists mimicked the in vivo effect, inducing a decrease in the RANKL:OPG ratio in TNF-primed osteoblasts and endothelial cells.
[EX A]: 1

[EX Q]: Although radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) is an effective rhythm control strategy, there is a substantial amount of recurrence. We explored the predictors of AF recurrence after RFCA with consistent ablation strategy.', 'This study included 575 patients (77% male, 56 11 years old) with AF (65.7% paroxysmal AF [PAF], 34.3% persistent AF [PeAF]) who underwent RFCA. We evaluated the clinical, serological, and electrophysiological parameters thereof.', '1. During 15 7 months of follow-up, patients who experienced AF recurrence (21.8%) were older (58 10 vs. 55 11 years old, p=0.019) and more likely to have PeAF (50.4% vs. 29.4%, p<0.001) and greater LA volume (137.3 49.1 vs. 116.6 37.9 mL, p<0.001). 2. In patients with clinical recurrence after RFCA, both ablation time (110.1 43.8 vs. 92.3 30.1 min, p<0.001) and procedure time (222.7 79.6 vs. 205.8 58.8 min, p<0.001) were prolonged, and the early recurrence rate within 3 months of the procedure was higher (63.0% vs. 26.4%, p<0.001) than those without clinical recurrence. 3. In logistic regression analysis, LA volume (OR 1.008, CI 1.001-1.014), ablation time (per quartile, OR 1.380, CI 1.031-1.847), and early recurrence (OR 3.858, CI 2.420-6.150) were independent risk factors for recurrence of AF after RFCA.
[EX A]:
0