instruction:
In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Cancer Screening and Prevention
Act''.

SEC. 2. MEDICARE COVERAGE OF COLORECTAL SCREENING.

(a) In General.--Section 1834 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C.
1395m) is amended by inserting after subsection (c) the following new
subsection:
''(d) Frequency and Payment Limits for Screening Fecal-Occult Blood
Tests, Screening Flexible Sigmoidoscopies, and Screening Colonoscopy.--
''(1) Screening fecal-occult blood tests.--
''(A) Payment limit.--In establishing fee schedules
under section 1833(h) with respect to screening fecal-
occult blood tests provided for the purpose of early
detection of colon cancer, except as provided by the
Secretary under paragraph (3)(A), the payment amount
established for tests performed--
''(i) in 1996 shall not exceed $5; and
''(ii) in a subsequent year, shall not
exceed the limit on the payment amount
established under this subsection for such
tests for the preceding year, adjusted by the
applicable adjustment under section 1833(h) for
tests performed in such year.
''(B) Frequency limit.--Subject to revision by the
Secretary under paragraph (3)(B), no payment may be
made under this part for a screening fecal-occult blood
test provided to an individual for the purpose of early
detection of colon cancer--
''(i) if the individual is under 50 years
of age; or
''(ii) if the test is performed within the
11 months after a previous screening fecal-
occult blood test.
''(2) Screening flexible sigmoid- oscopies.--
''(A) Payment amount.--The Secretary shall
establish a payment amount under section 1848 with
respect to screening flexible sigmoidoscopies provided
for the purpose of early detection of colon cancer that
is consistent with payment amounts under such section
for similar or related services, except that such
payment amount shall be established without regard to
subsection (a)(2)(A) of such section.
''(B) Frequency limit.--Subject to revision by the
Secretary under paragraph (4)(B), no payment may be
made under this part for a screening flexible
sigmoidoscopy provided to an individual for the purpose
of early detection of colon cancer--
''(i) if the individual is under 50 years
of age; or
''(ii) if the procedure is performed within
the 47 months after a previous screening
flexible sigmoidoscopy.
''(3) Screening colonoscopy for individuals at high risk
for colorectal cancer.--
''(A) Payment amount.--The Secretary shall
establish a payment amount under section 1848 with
respect to screening colonoscopy for individuals at
high risk for colorectal cancer (as defined in
subparagraph (C)) provided for the purpose of early
detection of colon cancer that is consistent with
payment amounts under such section for similar or
related services, except that such payment amount shall
be established without regard to subsection (a)(2)(A)
of such section.
''(B) Frequency limit.--Subject to revision by the
Secretary under paragraph (4)(B), no payment may be
made under this part for a screening colonoscopy for
individuals at high
risk for colorectal cancer provided to an individual
for the purpose of early detection of colon cancer if the procedure is
performed within the 23 months after a previous screening colonoscopy.
''(C) Individual at high risk defined.--In this
subsection, an 'individual at high risk for colorectal
cancer' is an individual who, because of family
history, prior experience of cancer or precursor
neoplastic polyps, a history of chronic digestive
disease condition (including inflammatory bowel
disease, Crohn's Disease, or ulcerative colitis), the
presence of any appropriate recognized gene markers for
colorectal cancer, or other predisposing factors, faces
a high risk for colorectal cancer.
''(4) Reductions in payment limit and revision of
frequency.--
''(A) Reductions in payment limit.--The Secretary
shall review from time to time the appropriateness of
the amount of the payment limit established for
screening fecal-occult blood tests under paragraph
(1)(A). The Secretary may, with respect to tests
performed in a year after 1998, reduce the amount of
such
limit as it applies nationally or in any area to the
amount that the Secretary estimates is required to assure that such
tests of an appropriate quality are readily and conveniently available
during the year.
''(B) Revision of frequency.--
''(i) Review.--The Secretary shall review
periodically the appropriate frequency for
performing screening fecal-occult blood tests,
screening flexible sigmoidoscopies, and
screening colonoscopy based on age and such
other factors as the Secretary believes to be
pertinent.
''(ii) Revision of frequency.--The
Secretary, taking into consideration the review
made under clause (i), may revise from time to
time the frequency with which such tests and
procedures may be paid for under this
subsection, but no such revision shall apply to
tests or procedures performed before January 1,
1999.
''(5) Limiting charges of nonparticipating physicians.--
''(A) In general.--In the case of a screening
flexible sigmoidoscopy provided to an individual for
the purpose of early detection of colon cancer or a
screening colonoscopy provided to an individual at high
risk for colorectal cancer for the purpose of early
detection of colon cancer for which payment may be made
under this part, if a nonparticipating physician
provides the procedure to an individual enrolled under
this part, the physician may not charge the individual
more than the limiting charge (as defined in section
1848(g)(2)).
''(B) Enforcement.--If a physician or supplier
knowing and willfully imposes a charge in violation of
subparagraph (A), the Secretary may apply sanctions
against such physician or supplier in accordance with
section 1842(j)(2).''.
(b) Conforming Amendments.--(1) Paragraphs (1)(D) and (2)(D) of
section 1833(a) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395l(a)) are each amended by
striking ''subsection (h)(1),'' and inserting ''subsection (h)(1) or
section 1834(d)(1),''.
(2) Section 1833(h)(1)(A) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395l(h)(1)(A)) is
amended by striking ''The Secretary'' and inserting ''Subject to
paragraphs (1) and (3)(A) of section 1834(d), the Secretary''.
(3) Clauses (i) and (ii) of section 1848(a)(2)(A) of such Act (42
U.S.C. 1395w-4(a)(2)(A)) are each amended by striking ''a service'' and
inserting ''a service (other than a screening flexible sigmoidoscopy
provided to an individual for the purpose of early detection of colon
cancer or a screening colonoscopy provided to an individual at high
risk for colorectal cancer for the purpose of early detection of colon
cancer)''.
(4) Section 1862(a) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1395y(a)) is amended--
(A) in paragraph (1)--
(i) in subparagraph (E), by striking ''and'' at the
end,
(ii) in subparagraph (F), by striking the semicolon
at the end and inserting '', and'', and
(iii) by adding at the end the following new
subparagraph:
''(G) in the case of screening fecal-occult blood tests,
screening flexible sigmoidoscopies, and screening colonoscopy
provided for the purpose of early detection of colon cancer,
which are performed more frequently than is covered under
section 1834(d);''; and
(B) in paragraph (7), by striking ''paragraph (1)(B) or
under paragraph (1)(F)'' and inserting ''subparagraphs (B),
(F), or (G) of paragraph (1)''.

SEC. 3. EFFECTIVE DATE.

The amendments made by section 2 shall apply to screening fecal-
occult blood tests, screening flexible sigmoidoscopies, and screening
colonoscopy performed on or after January 1, 1996.
answer:
Cancer Screening and Prevention Act - Amends title XVIII (Medicare) of the Social Security Act to provide for coverage of various specified colon and colorectal screening tests and corresponding payment and frequency limits.

question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Financial Information Privacy Act of
1999''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

In this Act--
(1) the term ''covered person'' means a person that is
subject to the jurisdiction of any of the Federal financial
regulatory authorities; and
(2) the term ''Federal financial regulatory authorities''
means--
(A) each of the Federal banking agencies, as that
term is defined in section 3(z) of the Federal Deposit
Insurance Act; and
(B) the Securities and Exchange Commission.

SEC. 3. PRIVACY OF CONFIDENTIAL CUSTOMER INFORMATION.

(a) Rulemaking.--The Federal financial regulatory authorities shall
jointly issue final rules to protect the privacy of confidential
customer information relating to the customers of covered persons, not
later than 270 days after the date of enactment of this Act (and shall
issue a notice of proposed rulemaking not later than 150 days after the
date of enactment of this Act), which rules shall--
(1) define the term ''confidential customer information''
to be personally identifiable data that includes transactions,
balances, maturity dates, payouts, and payout dates, of--
(A) deposit and trust accounts;
(B) certificates of deposit;
(C) securities holdings; and
(D) insurance policies;
(2) require that a covered person may not disclose or share
any confidential customer information to or with any affiliate
or agent of that covered person if the customer to whom the
information relates has provided written notice, as described
in paragraphs (4) and (5), to the covered person prohibiting
such disclosure or sharing--
(A) with respect to an individual that became a
customer on or after the effective date of such rules,
at the time at which the business relationship between
the customer and the covered person is initiated and at
least annually thereafter; and
(B) with respect to an individual that was a
customer before the effective date of such rules, at
such time thereafter that provides a reasonable and
informed opportunity to the customer to prohibit such
disclosure or sharing and at least annually thereafter;
(3) require that a covered person may not disclose or share
any confidential customer information to or with any person
that is not an affiliate or agent of that covered person unless
the covered person has first--
(A) given written notice to the customer to whom
the information relates, as described in paragraphs (4)
and (5); and
(B) obtained the informed written or electronic
consent of that customer for such disclosures or
sharing;
(4) require that the covered person provide notices and
consent acknowledgments to customers, as required by this
section, in separate and easily identifiable and
distinguishable form;
(5) require that the covered person provide notice as
required by this section to the customer to whom the
information relates that describes what specific types of
information would be disclosed or shared, and under what
general circumstances, to what specific types of businesses or
persons, and for what specific types of purposes such
information could be disclosed or shared;
(6) require that the customer to whom the information
relates be provided with access to the confidential customer
information that could be disclosed or shared so that the
information may be reviewed for accuracy and corrected or
supplemented;
(7) require that, before a covered person may use any
confidential customer information provided by a third party
that engages, directly or indirectly, in activities that are
financial in nature, as determined by the Federal financial
regulatory authorities, the covered person shall take
reasonable steps to assure that procedures that are
substantially similar to those described in paragraphs (2)
through (6) have been followed by the provider of the
information (or an affiliate or agent of that provider); and
(8) establish a means of examination for compliance and
enforcement of such rules and resolving consumer complaints.
(b) Limitation.--The rules prescribed pursuant to subsection (a)
may not prohibit the release of confidential customer information--
(1) that is essential to processing a specific financial
transaction that the customer to whom the information relates
has authorized;
(2) to a governmental, regulatory, or self-regulatory
authority having jurisdiction over the covered financial entity
for examination, compliance, or other authorized purposes;
(3) to a court of competent jurisdiction;
(4) to a consumer reporting agency, as defined in section
603 of the Fair Credit Reporting Act for inclusion in a
consumer report that may be released to a third party only for
a purpose permissible under section 604 of that Act; or
(5) that is not personally identifiable.
(c) Construction.--Nothing in this section or the rules prescribed
under this section shall be construed to amend or alter any provision
of the Fair Credit Reporting Act.
answer:
Financial Information Privacy Act of 1999 - Directs the Federal financial regulatory authorities (banking regulatory agencies and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)) to jointly issue final rules to protect the privacy of confidential information relating to customers of institutions under their respective jurisdictions (covered institution).
Mandates that such rules: (1) prohibit a covered institution from disclosing or sharing confidential customer information with any affiliate or agent if the customer has provided a written notice which forbids such disclosure; (2) prohibit a covered institution from disclosing or sharing confidential customer information with a non-affiliate or non-agent unless the customer has provided written or electronic consent; (3) require the covered institution to disclose to the customer the specific type of information disclosed or shared, under what circumstances, to what specific types of businesses, and for what types of purposes; (4) require customer access to information that could be disclosed so that it may be reviewed for accuracy and supplementation; and (5) establish a compliance and enforcement mechanism that includes consumer complaint resolution.
Cites circumstances under which such information may be released.

question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Physician Availability Act of
2008''.

SEC. 2. REQUIREMENT FOR PHYSICIAN AVAILABILITY IN ACUTE CARE HOSPITALS.

(a) In General.--Each covered hospital shall have a qualified
physician available in the hospital 24 hours a day, seven days a week
to attend to the needs of inpatients of the hospital.
(b) Definitions.--For purposes of this section:
(1) Covered hospital.--
(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the
term ''covered hospital'' means a subsection (d)
hospital (as defined in section 1886(d)(1)(B) of the
Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395ww(d)(1)(B)) that--
(i) has a participation agreement in effect
under section 1866 of such Act (42 U.S.C.
1395cc);
(ii) is participating in the program under
title XIX of such Act; or
(iii) is receiving Federal funds under a
grant or cooperative agreement.
(B) Exclusion for federal facilities and small
hospitals.--Such term does not include a hospital
that--
(i) is a facility of the Federal
Government; or
(ii) the Secretary of Health and Human
Services determines has fewer than 100 licensed
beds (as defined by the Secretary).
(2) Physician; qualified physician.--
(A) The term ''physician'' means, with respect to a
hospital, an individual who is a doctor of medicine or
osteopathy legally authorized under State law to
practice medicine and surgery in that hospital.
(B) The term ''qualified physician'' means, with
respect to a hospital, an individual who is a physician
and whose credentials as such a physician have been
verified by the administration of the hospital (before
providing any services at the hospital) through
appropriate means, including verification through the
National Practitioner Databank.
(3) Physician availability.--A physician is considered to
be ''available'' in a hospital if--
(A) the physician is physically present in the
hospital;
(B) the physician's primary responsibility is to be
in attendance to serve the needs of the hospital's
inpatients without delay; and
(C) the physician is not physically present in,
assigned to, serving in, or expected to cover, the
hospital's emergency room or emergency department.
(c) Enforcement.--
(1) Warning.--If the Secretary of Health and Human Services
(in this section referred to as the ''Secretary'') determines
that a hospital has violated subsection (a), in the first
instance the Secretary shall provide a written warning
regarding such violation to the hospital and shall notify the
Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human
Services (in this section referred to as the ''HHS Inspector
General'') of such violation. Subsequently, the HHS Inspector
General shall monitor the compliance of the hospital with the
requirement of subsection (a).
(2) Second violation.--After providing a warning to a
hospital under paragraph (1), if the Secretary determines that
the hospital subsequently and knowingly violates subsection
(a)--
(A) the hospital is subject to a civil money
penalty in an amount not to exceed $100,000, and
(B) the hospital shall submit to the HHS Inspector
General, by not later than 30 days after the date of
such a determination, a remedial plan to prevent future
violations of the requirement of such subsection.
The provisions of section 1128A of the Social Security Act (42
U.S.C. 1320a-7a), other than subsections (a) and (b) of such
section, shall apply to civil money penalties under
subparagraph (A) in the same manner as they apply to a penalty
or proceeding under subsection (a) of such section.
(3) Subsequent violations.--After imposing a civil money
penalty under paragraph (2) against a hospital, if the
Secretary determines that the hospital subsequently and
knowingly violates subsection (a), the Secretary may issue an
order disqualifying the hospital from participation in the
programs under titles XVIII and XIX of the Social Security Act
and from receipt of Federal funds under any grant or
cooperative agreement for such period as the Secretary
specifies and until the Secretary receives satisfactory
assurances that the hospital will be in substantial compliance
with the requirement of subsection (a).
(4) Failure to submit or comply with remedial plan.--If the
Secretary determines, after consultation with the HHS Inspector
General, that a hospital has failed to submit a satisfactory
remedial plan required under paragraph (2)(B) or is failing to
substantially carry out such a plan, the Secretary may suspend
payment of funds to the hospital under titles XVIII and XIX of
the Social Security Act and under Federal grants or cooperative
agreements until the Secretary receives satisfactory assurances
that such failures will not continue.
(d) Effective Date.--This section shall take effect on the first
day of the first month that begins more than 180 days after the date of
the enactment of this Act.
answer:
Physician Availability Act of 2008 - Requires each covered hospital to have a qualified physician available in the hospital 24 hours a day, seven days a week, to attend to the needs of the hospital's inpatients.

Defines a "covered hospital" to: (1) include hospitals participating in Medicare or Medicaid or receiving federal funds; and (2) exclude hospitals in a federal facility or hospitals that the Secretary of Health and Human Services determines have fewer than 100 licensed beds.

Considers a physician to be available if: (1) the physician is physically present in the hospital; (2) the physician's primary responsibility is to be in attendance to serve the needs of the hospital's inpatients without delay; and (3) the physician is not physically present in, assigned to, serving in, or expected to cover the hospital's emergency room or emergency department.

Sets forth penalties for violations.