Given the background: The Hawaiian Islands ( Figure above ) are in the central Pacific Ocean. The islands are volcanoes that increase in age from southeast to northwest. The youngest island is the Big Island of Hawaii at the southeast end of the chain. The volcanoes get older through Maui, Kahoolawe, Lanai, Molokai, Oahu, Kauai, and Niihau Islands through the northwest. The Kilauea volcano on Hawaii has been erupting almost continuously since 1983. There are also eruptions at an underwater volcano called Loih and the situation: Two cousins lived 10,000 miles away from each other but often talked about visiting the Hawaiian islands together. Lilly lived in Maine, while Heather lived in Hawaii. Answer the following question: Which cousin lived farther from Molokai?
Ans: Lilly

Given the background: The mechanical advantage of a machine is the factor by which it changes the force applied to the machine. Many machines increase the force applied to them, and this is how they make work easier. Compound machines tend to have a greater mechanical advantage than simple machines. That's because the mechanical advantage of a compound machine equals the product of the mechanical advantages of all its component simple machines. The greater the number of simple machines it contains, the greater its mechanical advantage tends to be. and the situation: Jeremiah and Alexander are students in a work shop class at their local community college. For their final project, they have to construct a compound machine to carry bricks across a room. Jeremiah's compound machine consists of many simple machines. Alexander's compound machine only consists of a few simple machines. Answer the following question: Which person's compound machine will have a larger mechanical advantage?
Ans: Jeremiah's

Given the background: Rainfall in an area is important because it influences the rate of weathering. More rain means that more rainwater passes through the soil. The rainwater reacts chemically with the particles. The top layers of soil are in contact with the freshest water, so reactions are greatest there. High rainfall increases the amount of rock that experiences chemical reactions. High rainfall may also carry material away. This means that new surfaces are exposed. This increases the rate of weathering. and the situation: Two parcels of land , parcel Q and parcel H are situated in the same county about 20 miles away. Parcel Q received much more rainfall than parcel H, therefore the soil was more affected by the rain. Answer the following question: Which parcel had less water pass through the soil?
Ans: parcel H

Given the background: Changes of state from solid to liquid and from liquid to gas occur when matter gains energy. The energy allows individual molecules to separate and move apart from one another. It takes more energy to bring about these changes of state for polar molecules. Although hydrogen bonds are weak, they add to the energy needed for molecules to move apart from one another, so it takes higher temperatures for these changes of state to occur in polar compounds. This explains why polar compounds have relatively high melting and boiling points. The Table below compares melting and boiling points for some polar and nonpolar covalent compounds. and the situation: Mike was interested in the science behind polar compounds. To that end, he collected two compounds, compound A and compound B. Compound A was a polar compound, but compound B was a nonpolar compound. He then conducted two tests, case A and case B. In case A, he changed the state of a polar compound from solid to liquid. And, in case B, he changed the state of a nonpolar compound from solid to liquid. Answer the following question: Which compound would have higher melting point, compound A or compound B?
Ans: compound A