Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Osmosis is the transport of water through a semipermeable membrane from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration. Osmosis is driven by the imbalance in water concentration. For example, water is more concentrated in your body than in Epsom salt. When you soak a swollen ankle in Epsom salt, the water moves out of your body into the lower-concentration region in the salt. Similarly, dialysis is the transport of any other molecule through a semipermeable membrane due to its concentration difference. Both osmosis and dialysis are used by the kidneys to cleanse the blood. Osmosis can create a substantial pressure. Consider what happens if osmosis continues for some time, as illustrated in Figure 12.23. Water moves by osmosis from the left into the region on the right, where it is less concentrated, causing the solution on the right to rise. This movement will continue until the pressure gh created by the extra height of fluid on the right is large enough to stop further osmosis. This pressure is called a back pressure. The back pressure. Q: Osmosis is driven by the imbalance of what? A:

OPTIONS:
- precipitation
- isolation
- evaporation
- water concentration

A: water concentration

input: OPTIONS:
- cell division
- mitosis
- differentiation
- reproduction Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: All living things are capable of reproduction, the process by which living things give rise to offspring. Q: All living things are capable of what process whereby living things give rise to offspring? A:
A:
output: reproduction

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Nephrologist A nephrologist studies and deals with diseases of the kidneysboth those that cause kidney failure (such as diabetes) and the conditions that are produced by kidney disease (such as hypertension). Blood pressure, blood volume, and changes in electrolyte balance come under the purview of a nephrologist. Nephrologists usually work with other physicians who refer patients to them or consult with them about specific diagnoses and treatment plans. Patients are usually referred to a nephrologist for symptoms such as blood or protein in the urine, very high blood pressure, kidney stones, or renal failure. Nephrology is a subspecialty of internal medicine. To become a nephrologist, medical school is followed by additional training to become certified in internal medicine. An additional two or more years is spent specifically studying kidney disorders and their accompanying effects on the body. Q: A nephrologist studies and deals with diseases of what organ? A:

OPTIONS:
- lungs
- brains
- stomach
- kidneys

Answer: kidneys

Problem: OPTIONS:
- benign respiration
- simple respiration
- avian respiration
- cutaneous respiration
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: 29.3 Amphibians As tetrapods, most amphibians are characterized by four well-developed limbs, although some species of salamanders and all caecilians are limbless. The most important characteristic of extant amphibians is a moist, permeable skin used for cutaneous respiration. The fossil record provides evidence of amphibian species, now extinct, that arose over 400 million years ago as the first tetrapods. Amphibia can be divided into three clades: salamanders (Urodela), frogs (Anura), and caecilians (Apoda). The life cycle of frogs, like the majority of amphibians, consists of two distinct stages: the larval stage and metamorphosis to an adult stage. Some species in all orders bypass a free-living larval stage. Q: The most important characteristic of extant amphibians is a moist, permeable skin used for this? A:
Answer: cutaneous respiration

Problem:OPTIONS:
- beta bond
- covalent bond
- ionic bond
- double bond

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Recall that a double bond consists of one sigma bond and one pi bond. In order for a double bond to be formed, each participating carbon atom must have at least one unhybridized p orbital. In a carbon-carbon double bond where both carbons are bonded to two additional atoms, each carbon is sp 2 hybridized. The double bond includes a sigma bond between a hybrid orbital from each carbon and a pi bond between the leftover p orbital from each carbon. The angles between any two bonds for an sp 2 hybridized carbon are approximately 120. Q: What kind of bond consists of one sigma bond and one pi bond? A:
****
A: double bond

Problem:OPTIONS:
- visability
- speed
- salt content
- pressure

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The pressure of ocean water increases rapidly as the water gets deeper. Q: What property of ocean water increases rapidly as the water gets deeper? A:
****
A:
pressure