TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
PROBLEM: While R.E. concerned the use of retrospective testimony by DOE to support a finding that it provided a child a FAPE, the court's rejection of E.Z.-L.'s substantive challenge introduced doubt about whether parents could prospectively challenge their child's educational placement without first enrolling the child in the recommended placement school. DOE argued that R.E. foreclosed all such prospective challenges on the basis that they are inherently speculative. The argument found some acceptance. See, e.g., E.E. v. N.Y.C. Dep't of Educ., No. 13 Civ. 6709, 2014 WL 4332092, at *10 (S.D.N.Y. Aug. 21, 2014) (rejecting prospective challenge as "impermissibly speculative and premature"); P.S. v. N.Y.C. Dep't of Educ., No. 13 Civ. 4772, 2014 WL 3673603, at *13 (S.D.N.Y. July 24, 2014) (<HOLDING>). But most courts did not adopt this hardline
Holding statements: (A) holding that no special relationship existed between the school and student (B) holding that a students private school tuition should be reimbursed where parent did not unilaterally place student in private school because the school district tacitly consented to the private school attendance before proposing a different placement (C) holding that the sro correctly concluded that a challenge tothe does choice of school is improper where the student never attended the school (D) holding that where a high school student and the students mother received adequate notice of the charges had sufficient opportunity to prepare for the meeting with school personnel were accorded an orderly hearing and were given a fair and impartial decision no due process violation occurred even though the school failed to provide advance notice that the potential disciplinary actions included a transfer to another school (E) holding that a school district owed the highest degree of care to a student on a school bus such that the district could be liable for the sexual abuse of the student by the school bus driver

SOLUTION: (C)

PROBLEM: a particularized need. 4. Seriousness of the Litigation and Issues Holmes maintains that the gravity of her allegations namely, that IPRA "concealed] its widespread efforts to cover-up unlawful shootings by police officers," Pl.'s Reply Br. at 3 warrants disclosing the draft summary reports. In other words, Holmes asserts that the privilege is overcome because IPRA's deliberative process, which includes the back-and-forth exchange of draft summary reports between supervisors and investigators, is "part of the code of silence." Id. Where a plaintiff directly challenges a government agency's deliberative process, courts routinely find that there is a particularized need for disclosure. See, e.g., Smentek v. Sheriff of Cook Cnty., 2013 WL 2588709, at *4 (N.D. Ill. June 11, 2013) (<HOLDING>); Ferrell, 177 F.R.D. at 430-31 (finding a
Holding statements: (A) holding that both saline county and grant county had jurisdiction to try the appellant for murder where the actual killing occurred in one county but the acts requisite to the consummation of the murder and the subsequent disposal of the body occurred in the other county (B) holding that mandatory visual strip search policy in county jail was unconstitutional (C) holding that public employees working for the office of cook county assessor and receiving their compensation from cook county had no vested right in the expectation of the continuance of this compensation (D) holding that plaintiffs had a particularized need for cook county jail prebudget documents after observing that the plaintiffs theory is that the county allegedly approved the dental services budget despite knowing that it might create unconstitutional conditions at the jail accordingly the countys deliberative process is directly at issue in this case (E) holding that employees of county jail that housed federal prisoners pursuant to contract with the federal government were not federal employees even though county jail had to comply with federal rules and regulations

SOLUTION: (D)

PROBLEM: that fact, no genuine issue of material fact is created even if Goodman's recollection of that fact is hazy or susceptible to some doubt. Thus, for the purposes of deciding these Motions, the Court determines that Goodman's detention was somewhere between one to two hours long. Although no per se duration exists at which a Terry stop ends and an arrest commences, a 20-minute confinement has been held too lengthy to be appropriately characterized as an investigatory deten tion. Sharpe, 470 U.S. at 686, 105 S.Ct. 1568 (overturning a Court of Appeals decision and ruling that a 20-minute detention was reasonable under Terry because the police acted diligently and a suspect's actions contribute to the added delay); see also United States v. Perez-Esparza, 609 F.2d 1284, 1287 (9th Cir.1979) (<HOLDING>). Instances in which a lengthy delay of over
Holding statements: (A) holding that under fourth amendment standards for determining probable cause for arrest and probable cause for search and seizure are same (B) recognizing that an immigration arrest and detention needs to be supported by probable cause or reasonable suspicion (C) holding that detention for three hours in a checkpoint station required probable cause (D) holding that a forensic examiner in the employ of the state police could be liable in a claim for continued detention without probable cause (E) holding that in a 1983 action issue of probable cause is for the jury

SOLUTION:
(C)