Answer the following question given this paragraph: Sponges are characterized by a feeding system unique among animals. As sponges don't have mouths, they must feed by some other method. Sponges have tiny pores in their outer walls through which water is drawn. Cells in the sponge walls filter food from the water as the water is pumped through the body and out other larger openings. The flow of water through the sponge is unidirectional, driven by the beating of flagella, which line the surface of chambers connected by a series of canals. Q: The flow of water through the sponge is unidirectional, driven by the beating of what? Choices: - antennae - cilia - fin - flagella A:
flagella
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Pictured below is a typical elliptical galaxy ( Figure below ). As you might have guessed, elliptical galaxies are elliptical, or egg-shaped. The smallest elliptical galaxies are as small as some globular clusters. Giant elliptical galaxies can contain over a trillion stars. Elliptical galaxies are reddish to yellowish in color because they contain mostly old stars. Q: What do you call egg-shaped galaxies, which are reddish to yellowish in color because they contain mostly old stars? Choices: - conical galaxies - irregular galaxies - spiral galaxies - elliptical galaxies A:
elliptical galaxies
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: In a parasitism, the parasitic species benefits, while the host species is harmed. Q: One species benefits while the host species is harmed in what type of relationship? Choices: - amensalism - fungal - mutualism - parasitism A:
A: parasitism
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: A tadpole turns into what land mammal? Choices: - a morph - A tortoise. - a pod - a frog A:
Answer: a frog
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: cytoskeleton. This is a network of fibers and tubules that crisscrosses the cytoplasm. The cytoskeleton helps the cell keep its shape. Q: What part of the cell helps it keep its shape? Choices: - nucleus - cytoplasm - enzymes - cytoskeleton A:
**Answer**
cytoskeleton
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Figure 8.2 Photoautotrophs including (a) plants, (b) algae, and (c) cyanobacteria synthesize their organic compounds via photosynthesis using sunlight as an energy source. Cyanobacteria and planktonic algae can grow over enormous areas in water, at times completely covering the surface. In a (d) deep sea vent, chemoautotrophs, such as these (e) thermophilic bacteria, capture energy from inorganic compounds to produce organic compounds. The ecosystem surrounding the vents has a diverse array of animals, such as tubeworms, crustaceans, and octopi that derive energy from the bacteria. (credit a: modification of work by Steve Hillebrand, U. Fish and Wildlife Service; credit b: modification of work by "eutrophication&hypoxia"/Flickr; credit c: modification of work by NASA; credit d: University of Washington, NOAA; credit e: modification of work by Mark Amend, West Coast and Polar Regions Undersea Research Center, UAF, NOAA). Q: Photoautotrophs including (a) plants, (b) algae, and (c) cyanobacteria synthesize their organic compounds via photosynthesis using sunlight as this? Choices: - light source4 - heating source - fuel source - energy source A:
**Answer**
energy source