TASK DEFINITION: Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.
PROBLEM: Virus-induced wheezing episodes in infancy often precede the development of asthma. Whether infections with specific viral pathogens confer differential future asthma risk is incompletely understood.', 'To define the relationship between specific viral illnesses and early childhood asthma development.', 'A total of 259 children were followed prospectively from birth to 6 years of age. The etiology and timing of specific viral wheezing respiratory illnesses during early childhood were assessed using nasal lavage, culture, and multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The relationships of these virus-specific wheezing illnesses and other risk factors to the development of asthma were analyzed.', 'Viral etiologies were identified in 90% of wheezing illnesses. From birth to age 3 years, wheezing with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (odds ratio [OR], 2.6), rhinovirus (RV) (OR, 9.8), or both RV and RSV (OR , 10) was associated with increased asthma risk at age 6 years. In Year 1, both RV wheezing (OR, 2.8) and aeroallergen sensitization (OR, 3.6) independently increased asthma risk at age 6 years. By age 3 years, wheezing with RV (OR, 25.6) was more strongly associated with asthma at age 6 years than aeroallergen sensitization (OR, 3.4). Nearly 90% (26 of 30) of children who wheezed with RV in Year 3 had asthma at 6 years of age.

SOLUTION: 1

PROBLEM: Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) whose culprit lesion lies in a branch of the 3 major coronary arteries have well-preserved cardiac function. A first MI with preserved cardiac function is a risk factor for left ventricular free wall rupture (LVFWR), so the aim of this study was to investigate the possible relationship between AMI with branch segment occlusion and LVFWR.', 'The 439 patients with AMI were retrospectively studied. They were divided into 2 groups: group B (n=70; segments 4 atrioventricular node artery, 4 posterior descending coronary artery, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, or 15 according to the AHA classification), and group P (n=369; segments 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 11, or 13). Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was more often performed in group P (75% vs 57%; P=0.0018). In-hospital mortality tended to be lower in group B (1.4% vs 6.2%; P=0.105). The incidence of LVFWR was significantly higher in group B (10.0% vs 1.6%; P=0.0002).By multivariate logistic regression analysis, 1-vessel disease, absence of primary PCI, branch segment occlusion, and age were identified as independent predictors of LVFWR.

SOLUTION: 0

PROBLEM: We compared the results of laboratory examinations, echocardiography, arterial stiffness, central blood pressure (BP) and ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) between treatment-naive patients with low normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and those with high normal TSH levels.', 'A total of 285 consecutively-eligible patients with both treatment-naive hypertension and euthyroid were divided into two groups: those with low-normal TSH (0.40-1.99 IU/mL, group 1) and high-normal TSH (2.00-4.50 IU/mL, group 2) and compared according to group and gender.', 'Males were divided into group 1 (n = 113, 68.9%) and group 2 (n = 51, 31.1%) and females were divided into group 1 (n = 71, 58.7%) and group 2 (n = 50, 41.3%). Multivariate analyses revealed that the augmentation index (71.0 [adjusted mean] 1.7 [standard error] vs. 78.8 2.5%, P = 0.045), central systolic BP (SBP) (143.3 2.1 vs. 153.0 3.2 mmHg, P = 0.013), systemic vascular resistance (SVR, 21.4 0.6 vs. 23.9 0.9 mmHg/L/min, P = 0.027), SBP during daytime (144.1 1.4 vs. 151.6 2.1 mmHg, P=0.004) and nighttime (130.4 1.6 vs. 138.5 2.5 mmHg, P=0.008), and nighttime pulse pressure (PP, 47.2 0.9 vs. 51.7 1.4 mmHg, P = 0.010) were significantly higher while cardiac output (5.4 0.1 vs. 4.8 0.2L/min, P = 0.043) and PP amplification (1.02 0.02 vs. 0.94 0.03, P = 0.039) were significantly lower in the male group 2 than in the male group 1. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in females.

SOLUTION:
0