INPUT ARTICLE: Article: You'll be touching the trigger, so it's imperative that your rifle is unloaded for these tests. Remove all ammunition and clear the chamber before beginning. Use a tape measure to find the distance between the center of the trigger and the center of the back of the butt plate or recoil pad. This is the LOP of the rifle. In case the LOP turns out to be too long or short, you'll need to know the measurement to determine if your stock should be trimmed or replaced. Most factory rifles have an LOP between 13.00 and 13.75 inches (33.0 and 34.9cm).

SUMMARY: Begin with an unloaded firearm. Measure the distance between the trigger and the butt plate or recoil pad. Write down the measurement.

In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: The bladder is a bodily organ that is essentially a muscular storage sack for urine. Normally, the bladder muscle sack can stay relaxed and expand to accept urine for several hours. The muscle that forms the bladder sack is called the detrusor muscle, which is also responsible for bladder emptying. The other main muscles of the bladder are called the sphincters, which are two rings of muscle surrounding the bladder outlet through which it empties. One sphincter is involuntary (you aren't aware of it) and the other is usually under our control, making it our voluntary sphincter. The latter is the muscle you can use to hold the urine back until you go to the bathroom. There are nerves in your body that provides you with the sensation of bladder fullness. This is the early warning system that the bladder is ready to empty. When you urinate, the nerves to the detrusor muscle signal it to contract or squeeze, while at the same time, the nerves to the involuntary sphincter make it relax. When you release your voluntary sphincter, you allow yourself to urinate. By around age two, most children become aware that the sensation that they feel "down there" is the need for the bladder to empty. This allows them to express the need to go to the bathroom. About a year later, they develop the ability to "hold it" until they have a chance to go to the bathroom. There are issues that can cause problems when a child is learning how to "hold it". While most kids develop the ability to hold their urine and go to the bathroom when they have the opportunity to do so, problems can arise that can mess up a child's ability to control her bladder. These issues that are related to childhood incontinence can include: A bladder that is unable to store the usual amount of urine. Weakness of the detrusor muscles or sphincter. Structural abnormalities of the urinary tract. The body producing larger amounts of urine than is normal. Bladder irritation from infections, such as urinary tract infections, or other bladder irritants. The bladder receiving unexpected and premature nerve signals to empty. Something in the area of the bladder keeping it from filling completely, such as other excrement caused by constipation. Excessive postponement of urination, or holding it for too long. Chronic constipation. If your child has been dealing with incontinence for an extended period of time, chances are she is dealing with more of an issue that simply being too lazy to get to the bathroom. A lot of parents tend to think that daytime incontinence is a display of laziness, but it is important to keep in mind that something else might be causing your child to have accidents. Common thoughts that parents have that should probably be ruled out if your child has been dealing with incontinence for awhile. In these situations, you should know that: Children who wet themselves are not just too lazy to go to the bathroom. Children who wet themselves are not too busy playing or watching TV. Children who wet themselves want to go to the bathroom and do not willfully wet themselves. Children who wet themselves do not choose to wait until the last minute. Wetting themselves does bother them.
Summary: Know how the bladder works. Learn about bladder control. Be aware of the causes of incontinence. Disregard the myths about incontinence.

They are small enough to keep in your purse or bag. Some are disposable while others are reusable. You can buy them online. Some stores that sell backpacking and camping supplies may also sell them. They look like funnels, except that the top is slanted. Female urination devices may also be called: FUD, female urination aid, stand-to-pee device, or portable urination device. Before you plan on taking a female urination device with you to an event or a camping trip, you may want to practice with one in the shower. They can take some time getting used to. The last thing you'd want is using it for the first time on a trip, and ending up with splatters and dribbles. This device will allow you to urinate while standing up, but you will still have to get access to your privates. Hold the underwear by the leg hole against your thigh. If you are wearing tight pants, you may need to lower them a little in order to reach. Press the cup part against your body. The pointy spout needs to be aimed towards the ground, and away from your feet. Make sure that the end of the spout is lower than the back of the funnel. Be sure to wipe yourself front to back to avoid bringing any germs from behind to the front. Clean well or you may get an infection. If you have access to water, you can also rinse your device off right away. If you do not have access to water, put the device into a re-sealable bag (or the container it came in), and wash it later.
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One-sentence summary -- Consider getting a female urination device. Consider practicing with one ahead of time. Unbutton your pants or lift your skirt up and out of the way. Move your underwear to the side. Position the device against your privates. Know how to clean up when you are done.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Sudden weight gain or weight loss could be a sign of any number of medical issues, but even if depression is not the cause, you should still consult a doctor. If you have noticed that your appetite has increased or decreased significantly, then be sure to talk to your doctor about this as well. This may be a symptom of depression, or it could indicate another underlying problem. You may also consider any risky behaviors that you have adopted as a symptom. This is especially true for men with depression. If you have recently started engaging in drug and/or alcohol use, unsafe sex, reckless driving, or dangerous sports, then this may indicate depression. Frequent crying paired with other symptoms could indicate depression, especially if you aren't sure why you're crying. Consider how often you typically cry and what makes you cry. For example, if you find yourself crying for no reason or over something trivial, such as spilling a cup of water or missing your bus, then this is a good indication that you may be depressed. Be sure to share this symptom with your doctor. Tearfulness, or frequent crying, is a common symptom of depression in teens. If you have frequent unexplained headaches or other pains, this is another good reason to consult a doctor. A medical condition may be to blame or the aches and pains may be due to depression. Physical pain is one of the more common and often overlooked signs of depression in men. If you are a man experiencing backaches, headaches, stomach problems, sexual dysfunction, or any other physical symptoms, be sure to tell your doctor. Elderly people often complain about physical problems over mental or emotional ones, and so depression may hide for a long time. Be aware of any physical changes, deaths of friends, and losses of independence that could trigger depression. You may also notice things like having trouble sleeping, or sleeping too much.

SUMMARY:
Keep an eye out for appetite changes. Note any risky behaviors. Consider how often or how easily you cry. Reflect on any mysterious aches and pains you have had.