Q: I read this background article the other day: Earthquakes may take place every day near a volcano. But before an eruption, the number and size of earthquakes increases. This is the result of magma pushing upward into the magma chamber. This motion causes stresses on neighboring rock to build up. Eventually the ground shakes. A continuous string of earthquakes may indicate that a volcano is about to erupt. Scientists use seismographs to record the length and strength of each earthquake. I am facing a new situation today: Two neighboring cities are situated in a volcanic area with lots of earthquakes. Park city is situated near a very active volcano, while Hill city is situated 50 miles north. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which city experiences more magma pushing upward into the magma chamber?
A: Park
Question: I read this background article the other day: The dangers of global warming are being increasingly studied by a wide global consortium of scientists. These scientists are increasingly concerned about the potential long-term effects of global warming on our natural environment and on the planet. Of particular concern is how climate change and global warming caused by anthropogenic, or human-made releases of greenhouse gases, most notably carbon dioxide, can act interactively, and have adverse effects upon the planet, its natural environment and humans' existence. It is clear the planet is warming, and warming rapidly. This is due to the greenhouse effect, which is caused by greenhouse gases, which trap heat inside the Earth's atmosphere because of their more complex molecular structure which allows them to vibrate and in turn trap heat and release it back towards the Earth. This warming is also responsible for the extinction of natural habitats, which in turn leads to a reduction in wildlife population.The most recent report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (the group of the leading climate scientists in the world) concluded that the earth will warm anywhere from 2.7 to almost 11 degrees Fahrenheit (1.5 to 6 degrees Celsius) between 1990 and 2100. I am facing a new situation today: Two earth-like planets orbited the same star. The inhabitants of Earth I released greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Earth II, however, was much more conscious about the environment and protected it from anthropogenic changes. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which planet caused the extinction of natural habitats?
Answer: Earth I
[Q]: I read this background article the other day: Recall that air pollution is due to chemical substances and particles released into the air mainly by human actions. When most people think of air pollution, they think of the pollution outdoors. But it is just as easy to have indoor air pollution. Your home or school classroom probably doesn't get much fresh air. Sealing up your home reduces heating and cooling costs. But this also causes air pollution to stay trapped indoors. And people today usually spend a majority of their time indoors. So exposure to indoor air pollution can become a significant health risk. I am facing a new situation today: Two twin sisters, Bianca and Rosa, were exposed to high levels of air pollution. While Bianca was exposed mostly to indoor pollution, Rosa was heavily exposed to outdoor pollution. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which sister was more exposed to home air pollution?
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[A]: Bianca
input: Please answer the following: I read this background article the other day: Alkali, or Alkaline, soils are clay soils with high pH (> 8.5), a poor soil structure and a low infiltration capacity. Often they have a hard calcareous layer at 0.5 to 1 metre depth. Alkali soils owe their unfavorable physico-chemical properties mainly to the dominating presence of sodium carbonate, which causes the soil to swell[1] and difficult to clarify/settle. They derive their name from the alkali metal group of elements, to which sodium belongs, and which can induce basicity. Sometimes these soils are also referred to as alkaline sodic soils. Alkaline soils are basic, but not all basic soils are alkaline. I am facing a new situation today: Mike grew tomatoes on his parcel of land and so did John. Mike's attempt was very successful, because he adjusted the soil's pH to a viable level for growing vegetables, and John didn't. Both parcels had soils with lots of sodium carbonate in them. John's experiment failed. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which soil was less alkaline sodic?
++++++++++
output: Mike's
Please answer this: I read this background article the other day: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi vary across many environmental gradients. Their tolerance to freezing and drying is known to shift between AM fungal taxa. AM fungi become less prevalent and diverse at higher soil nutrient and moisture concentrations, presumably because both plants allocate less carbon to AM fungi and AM fungi reallocate their resources to intraradical hyphae in these environmental conditions. Over the long term, these environmental conditions can even create local adaptation between plant hosts, AM fungi and the local soil nutrient concentrations. I am facing a new situation today: Hill town had two large forests nearby. Lake forest had trees that were in a symbiotic relationship with a large variety of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These fungi were less prevalent in Brook forest. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which forest had more AM fungi which reallocate their resources to intraradical hyphae?
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Answer: Brook
Question: I read this background article the other day: Sometimes muscles and tendons get injured when a person starts doing an activity before they have warmed up properly. A warm up is a slow increase in the intensity of a physical activity that prepares muscles for an activity. Warming up increases the blood flow to the muscles and increases the heart rate. Warmed-up muscles and tendons are less likely to get injured. For example, before running or playing soccer, a person might jog slowly to warm muscles and increase their heart rate. Even elite athletes need to warm up ( Figure below ). I am facing a new situation today: Two soccer players had a friendly match one on one after work. Paul had plenty of time to do his warm up properly, but John got there late and didn't warm up. Paul won the match. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which player was less exposed to muscle injuries?
Answer:
Paul