Question: Valentine's Day was coming. Helen felt hurt and lonely because this was her first Valentine's Day after the divorce .

Helen's twelve-year-old son, Jack, looked at his mother, knowing that this was a difficult time for both of them. In order to make his mother happy, he prepared a present, and handed it to her on Valentine's Day.

It was a beautiful gift package .Helen couldn't believe what was happening. She opened it and took out a lovely card and a small box.

"Now," he said, "read the card." It read as follows:

"I know that this isn't easy for you because it has been a hard year for both of us. I know that Valentine's Day is a special day for people in love. I want you to know that I love you. I know that Valentines are supposed to get chocolate. I went to the store today to buy some for you. Luckily, I got the last piece. I told the clerk it was just perfect."

Helen stood there for a moment and looked at her son. Her eyes sparkled in the light as tears formed in each corner. Jack knew he had done the right thing. Slowly she opened the small box, careful not to tear the paper. She would never forget the moment. She found a chocolate heart that was broken into pieces along with a note:

"I am so sorry that Dad left us, Mom. And all you were left with was a broken heart. But I just want you to know we still have each other.

Happy Valentine's Day!

Your son,

Jack" 1. Had Jack done the right thing?
2. what celebration was about to happen?
3. why was Helen upset?
4. how old is Jack?
5. was it a messy package?
6. what did he tell her to do?
7. what did the card say about the chocolate?
8. what did he say to the clerk?
9. did Helen cry?
10. why did she open the box slowly?
11. what was inside?
12. and a? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. Yes
2. Valentine's Day
3. this was her first Valentine's Day after the divorce
4. twelve
5. no
6. read the card
7. Iti was the last piece
8. it was just perfect
9. yes
10. to not tear the paper.
11. a chocolate heart
12. a note

Q: Florence is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany. It is the most populous city in Tuscany, with 383,083 inhabitants in 2013, and over 1,520,000 in its metropolitan area.

Florence was a centre of medieval European trade and finance and one of the wealthiest cities of that era. It is considered the birthplace of the Renaissance, and has been called "the Athens of the Middle Ages". A turbulent political history includes periods of rule by the powerful Medici family and numerous religious and republican revolutions. From 1865 to 1871 the city was the capital of the recently established Kingdom of Italy. The Florentine dialect forms the base of Standard Italian and it became the language of culture throughout Italy due to the prestige of the masterpieces by Dante Alighieri, Petrarch, Giovanni Boccaccio, Niccolo Machiavelli and Francesco Guicciardini.

The city attracts millions of tourists each year, and the Historic Centre of Florence was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1982. The city is noted for its culture, Renaissance art and architecture and monuments. The city also contains numerous museums and art galleries, such as the Uffizi Gallery and the Palazzo Pitti, and still exerts an influence in the fields of art, culture and politics. Due to Florence's artistic and architectural heritage, it has been ranked by "Forbes" as one of the most beautiful cities in the world.

1. Florence
2. yes
3. 383,083
4. over 1,520,000
5. birthplace of the Renaissance
6. "the Athens of the Middle Ages"
7. no
8. the Medici family
9. Historic Centre of Florence
10. in 1982
11. Standard Italian
12. due to the prestige of the masterpieces by Dante Alighieri, Petrarch, Giovanni Boccaccio, Niccolo Machiavelli and Francesco Guicciardini.
13. The city is noted for its culture
14. one of the most beautiful cities in the world.
15. Due to Florence's artistic and architectural heritage
16. the Uffizi Gallery and the Palazzo Pitti,
17. millions

Numbered questions:
1. What is the capital of Tuscany?
2. Is it also Tuscany's most populous city?
3. With how many residents in 2013?
4. How many in its surrounding metropolis?
5. It was considered the birthplace of what?
6. What nickname has it been coined?
7. Was it historically a poor city?
8. Which powerful family once ruled the area?
9. What area was declared a World Heritage Site?
10. When?
11. What language does the area speak?
12. Why did this become the default language?
13. What does the city still influence to this day?
14. What did "Forbes" rank it as?
15. Due to what?
16. What famous galleries are located there?
17. How many tourists visit the area yearly?

input: During the years after the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, structural engineers have been trying hard to solve a question that would otherwise have been completely unthinkable: Can building be designed to stand catastrophic blasts by terrorists?

Soon after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers, structural engineers from the University at Buffalo and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) traveled to ground zero as part of a project funded by the National Science Foundation. They spent two days beginning the task of formulating ideas about how to design such structures and to search for clues on how to do so in buildings that were damaged, but still are standing.

"Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade Center, those buildings that are still standing, but that sustained damage," said M. Bruneau, Ph.D. "Our immediate hope is that we can develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain standing, while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies to achieve enhanced performance of buildings in the event of terrorist attacks," he added.

Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate the monumental damage to the World Trade Center towers and buildings nearby. One building a block away from the towers remains standing, but was badly damaged. "This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see a column there that used to be part of that building," explained A. Whittaker, Ph.D. "The column became a missile that shot across the road, through the window and through the floor."

The visit to the area also brought some surprises, according to the engineers. For example, the floor framing system in one of the buildings was quite strong , allowing floors that were pierced by tons of falling debris to survive. "Good framing systems may provide a simple, but reliable strategy for blast resistance," he added. Other strategies may include providing alternate paths for gravity loads in the event that a load-bearing column fails. "We also need a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse," said A. Whittaker. "We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can predict it."

A. Reinhorn, Ph.D. noted that "earthquake shaking has led to the collapse of buildings in the past. Solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to blast engineering and terrorist-resistant design. Part of our mission now is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist at present." 1. What is the nickname of the building that was referenced in the first paragraph?
2. What are structural engineers trying to protect buildings from?
3. What university where the structural engineers from?
4. Where did they travel to for research?
5. What were they looking at?
6. Specifically, the buildings they were looking at, did they want to see untouched buildings?
7. What area were these buildings surrounding?
8. What suffix does M. Bruneau carry?
9. Were there any surprises during the visit?
10. What mechanism do they need to understand better in order to achieve their objective? Return numbered answers in your output.

output:
1. unknown
2. Terrorists
3. The University at Buffalo
4. ground zero
5. Clues
6. No
7. World Trade Center
8. Ph.D.
9. Yes
10. Collapse