input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. Central Europe is a term used to refer to lands with boundaries of various delineation. It is said to occupy continuous territory that are otherwise conventionally Eastern Europe and Western Europe. The concept of Central Europe is based on a common historical, social and cultural identity. Central Europe is going through a phase of "strategic awakening", with initiatives such as the CEI, Centrope and the Visegrad Four. While the region's economy shows high disparities with regard to income, all Central European countries are listed by the Human Development Index as very highly developed.

Elements of unity for Western and Central Europe were Roman Catholicism and Latin. Eastern Europe, which remained Eastern Orthodox Christian, was the area of Graeco-Byzantine cultural influence; after the schism (1054), The area developed cultural unity and resistance to the Western world (Catholic and Protestant) within the framework of Slavonic language and the Cyrillic alphabet. According to Hungarian historian Jeno Szucs, foundations of Central European history at the first millennium were in close connection with Western European development. He explained that between the 11th and 15th centuries not only Christianization and its cultural consequences were implemented, but well-defined social features emerged in Central Europe based on Western characteristics. The keyword of Western social development after millennium was the spread of liberties and autonomies in Western Europe. These phenomena appeared in the middle of the 13th century in Central European countries. There were self-governments of towns, counties and parliaments. 1. Is Central Europe encompass multiple territories?
2. Is it within one boundary then?
3. What it overlaps?
4. What unites it with Western Europe?
5. What church is dominant in the other part?
6. What culture influenced it?
7. What influenced it prior to that?
8. Is it opposed to western one?
9. For what elements?
10. What other elements strengthened it?
11. Who is Jeno Szucs?
12. of which country?
13. To him were these two were connected?
14. When?
15. What were the main elements of western culture?
16. When it appeared?
17. Did it spread to the other part?
18. When?
19. What reflected that?
20. Is HDI high for Central Europe?
numbered_answers: 1. no
2. yes
3. Eastern Europe and Western Europe
4. Roman Catholicism and Latin
5. Eastern Orthodox
6. Graeco-Byzantine
7. schism
8. resistance
9. Catholic and Protestant
10. Slavonic language and the Cyrillic alphabet.
11. historian
12. Hungary
13. close connection
14. between the 11th and 15th centuries
15. liberties and autonomies
16. after millennium
17. yes
18. in the middle of the 13th century
19. self-governments of towns, counties and parliaments
20. yes

input: CHAPTER XII

Throughout the night reigned an almost sepulchral silence, and when the morning broke, the _City of Boston_, at a scarcely reduced speed, was ploughing her way through great banks of white fog. The decks, the promenade rails, every exposed part of the steamer, were glistening with wet. Up on the bridge, three officers besides the captain stood with eyes fixed in grim concentration upon the dense curtains of mist which seemed to shut them off altogether from the outer world. Jocelyn Thew and Crawshay met in the companionway, a few minutes after breakfast.

"I can see no object in the disuse of the hooter," Crawshay declared querulously. "Nothing at sea could be worse than a collision. We are simply taking our lives in our hands, tearing along like this at sixteen knots an hour."

"Isn't there supposed to be a German raider out?" the other enquired.

"I think it is exceedingly doubtful whether there is really one in the Atlantic at all. The English gunboats patrol these seas. Besides, we are armed ourselves, and she wouldn't be likely to tackle us."

Jocelyn Thew had leaned a little forward. He was listening intently. At the same time, one of the figures upon the bridge, his hand to his ear, turned in the same direction.

"There's some one who doesn't mind letting their whereabouts be known," he whispered, after a moment's pause. "Can't you hear a hooter?"

Crawshay listened but shook his head.

"Can't hear a thing," he declared laconically. "I've a cold in my head coming on, and it always affects my hearing." 1. How many people were on the bridge?
2. Are they all equal in rank?
3. How many are equal?
4. What are they?
5. What is the other person?
6. How is he looking at something?
7. What is he looking at?
8. Are they on land?
9. Where are they?
10. What ocean are they in?
11. Who thinks they're going too fast?
12. How fast are they going? Return numbered answers in your output.

output: 1. four
2. No
3. three
4. officers
5. the captain
6. grim concentration
7. mist
8. No
9. City of Boston
10. Atlantic
11. Crawshay
12. sixteen knots an hour

Q: Imagine that you are the first person ever to see Hawaii. What would be the first thing you would set foot on? The beach, naturally. There are hundreds of miles of beaches on the twenty islands of Hawaii. These islands cover 1,600 miles and are about 2,300 miles west of California. Most of them are covered with fine white sand. They are thought to be among the finest beaches in the world. Another wonderful thing about the beaches of Hawaii is the water temperature. The year-round average temperature of the water at the famous Waikiki Beach is 230C! The same is true of air temperature. In fact, there are no real seasons in Hawaii. There is a difference of only two or three degrees between the hottest day of summer and the coldest day of winter. That's why the Hawaiians don't have a word for weather in their language. Perhaps the nicest thing about Hawaiian beaches are the waves. The earliest settlers in Hawaii, the Polynesians, quickly learned how much fun it was to ride the waves. They developed a sport which is now very popular on the islands called body surfing. You go out into the ocean, wait for a big wave to come towards you, jump on it, and ride it all the way to the beach. Now imagine once again that you are the first person ever to set foot in Hawaii. What do you think would be the second beautiful thing you would notice? Would it be those strange triangles rising out of the water hundreds and hundreds of meters high? What are those beautiful things? They are volcanoes , of course. These volcanoes are not just a part of the islands. They made the islands at first. Because of them the islands are still growing. The most famous volcano on Hawaii is Mauna Loa. It is the world's most active volcano. It has been erupting for thousands of years. Even when it isn't erupting, smoke comes out of the earth from a thousand little holes. In 1950 Mauna Loa erupted for twenty-three days. That erupting produced the greatest amount of lava in modern history. In 1960 it erupted again. That time it added a kilometer of beach to the island. Because Mauna Loa has erupted so often, it has become the biggest (but not the tallest) mountain in the world. These volcanoes could be dangerous to the population of Hawaii. In fact, Hilo, the second largest city in Hawaii, is built just under Mauna Loa. The volcano could erupt at any time. Most people believe that it will erupt sometime in the next twenty-five years. But the people of Hilo do not seem worried. They live with the danger as part of their lives.

Answer the following questions:
1. How many islands does Hawaii have?
2. How many miles of beaches?
3. how many miles west of California?
4. Do Hawaiian's have a word for weather?
5. who were the earliest settlers there?
6. are there strange circles coming out of the water?
7. What are the beautiful triangles?
8. How often does Mauna Loa erupt?
9. Is it the biggest mountain in the world?
10. Is it the tallest?
11. Are these volcanoes dangerous?
12. are the people of Hilo worried?
13. what do they live with as a part of their lives?
A:
1. 20
2. hundreds
3. 2300
4. no
5. Polynesians
6. no
7. volcanoes
8. 23 days
9. yes
10. no
11. yes
12. no
13. the danger