In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
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Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Affordable Prescription Drugs Act''.

SEC. 2. COMPULSORY LICENSING OF CERTAIN PATENTED MEDICAL INVENTIONS.

(a) In General.--Chapter 14 of title 35, United States Code, is
amended by adding at the end the following:
''Sec. 158. Compulsory licensing
''(a) Compulsory Licensing of Certain Patented Medical
Inventions.--In the case of any subject invention relating to health in
which a patent holder, contractor, exclusive licensee, or assignee has
acquired title under this title, the Secretary of Health and Human
Services shall have the right to establish other use of the subject
matter of the patent without authorization of the right holder if the
Secretary makes the determination described in subsection (b).
''(b) Determination.--The determination of the Secretary of Health
and Human Services referred to in subsection (a) is a determination
that--
''(1) the patent holder, contractor, licensee, or assignee
referred to in subsection (a) has not taken, or is not expected
to take within a reasonable time, effective steps to achieve
practical application of the subject invention in a field of
use;
''(2) such compulsory license is necessary to alleviate
health or safety needs which are not adequately satisfied by
the patent holder, contractor, licensee, or assignee; or
''(3) the patented material is priced higher than may be
reasonably expected based on criteria developed by the
Secretary of Commerce.
''(c) Factors in Authorizing Other Use.--In exercising the right
under subsection (a) to authorize other use of the subject matter of a
patent, the following shall apply:
''(1) Authorization of such use shall be considered on its
individual merits.
''(2) Such use may only be permitted if, prior to such use,
the proposed user has made efforts to obtain authorization from
the right holder on reasonable commercial terms and conditions
and that such efforts have not been successful within a
reasonable period of time. This requirement may be waived in
the case of a national emergency or other circumstances of
extreme urgency or in cases of public noncommercial use. In
situations of national emergency or other circumstances of
extreme urgency, the right holder shall, nevertheless, be
notified as soon as reasonably practicable. In the case of
public noncommercial use, where the Government or (if
applicable) a contractor of the Government, without making a
patent search, knows or has demonstrable grounds to know that a
valid patent is or will be used by or for the Government, the
right holder shall be informed promptly.
''(3) Such use shall be nonexclusive.
''(4) Such use shall be nonassignable, except with that
part of the enterprise or goodwill which enjoys such use.
''(5) Authorization for such use shall be liable, subject
to adequate protection of the legitimate interests of the
persons so authorized, to be terminated if and when the
circumstances which led to it cease to exist and are unlikely
to recur. The competent authority shall have the authority to
review, upon appropriate request, the continued existence of
such circumstances.
''(6) The right holder shall be paid adequate remuneration
in the circumstances of each case, taking into account the
economic value of the authorization.
''(7) The legal validity of any decision relating to the
authorization of such use shall be subject to judicial review
or other independent review by a distinct Federal authority.
''(8) Any decision relating to the remuneration provided in
respect of such use shall be subject to judicial review or
other independent review by a distinct Federal authority.
''(9) The condition set forth in paragraph (2) is not
applicable where such use is permitted to remedy a practice
determined after judicial or administrative process to be
anticompetitive. The need to correct anticompetitive practices
may be taken into account in determining the amount of
remuneration in such cases. The competent authorities shall
have the authority to refuse termination of authorization if
and when the conditions which led to such authorization are
likely to recur.
''(10) Where such use is authorized to permit the
exploitation of a patent ('the 2nd patent') which cannot be
exploited without infringing another patent ('the 1st patent'),
the following additional conditions shall apply:
''(A) The invention claimed in the 2nd patent shall
involve an important technical advance of considerable
economic significance in relation to the invention
claimed in the 1st patent.
''(B) The owner of the 1st patent shall be entitled
to a cross-license on reasonable terms to use the
invention claimed in the 2nd patent.
''(C) The use authorized in respect of the 1st
patent shall be nonassignable except with the
assignment of the 2nd patent.
''(d) Consistency With TRIPS.--Regulations adopted under subsection
(a) shall be consistent with provisions of the Agreement on Trade-
Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights referred to in section
101(d)(15) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act.''.
(b) Conforming Amendment.--the table of contents for chapter 14 of
title 35, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the
following new item:

''158. Compulsory licensing.''.

SEC. 3. REPORT ON PHARMACEUTICAL COSTS AND SALES.

(a) Report Requirement.--Any person engaged in the manufacture and
sale of any drug approved under section 505 or 512 of the Federal Food,
Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355, 360b) for which a patent is
still in effect shall report to the Congress annually an audit of all
financial information relevant to the pricing of that drug nationally
and internationally, including the costs of research and development,
sufficient to assess the reasonableness of that pricing, in accordance
with specifications developed by the Secretary of Commerce in
consultation with the Commissioner of Food and Drugs.
(b) Disqualification From Participation in Federal Programs as
Penalty for Noncompliance.--In the case of a person who the Secretary
of Commerce determines has failed to submit a report required under
subsection (a) on a timely basis, the person shall be ineligible to
receive payment from the Federal Government or under any Federal
program (including under the medicare and medicaid programs) for any
prescription drug or biologic it manufactures or sells until the date
the Secretary determines that such failure has ceased.

Answer: Requires any person engaged in the manufacture and sale of any new drug or new animal drug approved under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, for which a patent is still in effect, to report annually to Congress an audit of all financial information relevant to that drug's pricing nationally and internationally, including research and development costs, sufficient to assess the reasonableness of that pricing. Requires disqualification from participation in Federal programs as a penalty for noncompliance with this reporting requirement.

Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Housing Opportunities and Mitigating
Emergencies Act of 2005''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds the following:
(1) The Gulf Coast region of the United States was recently
decimated by twin natural disasters: Hurricanes Katrina and
Rita.
(2) Hurricane Katrina crashed into the Gulf Coast on August
29, 2005, as a category 4 storm.
(3) At the time of its landing, Hurricane Katrina was
recorded as the third strongest hurricane to ever make landfall
on the United States, with sustained winds over 140 miles per
hour.
(4) The damage and destruction caused by Hurricane Katrina
along the coastal regions of Louisiana, Mississippi, and
Alabama were unmatched in their breadth and scope.
(5) A 10- to 30-foot storm surge came ashore on over 200
continuous miles of coastline from southeast Louisiana,
including Mississippi and Alabama, through to the Florida
panhandle.
(6) The 30-foot storm surge recorded at Biloxi,
Mississippi, is the highest ever observed in the United States.
(7) Hurricane Katrina's storm surge quickly breached the
levee system that protected the city of New Orleans from Lake
Pontchartrain and the Mississippi River, subsequently flooding
at least 80 percent of the city.
(8) The magnitude of Hurricane Katrina was of such an
unprecedented scale that the Federal disaster declarations
which followed its destructive path blanketed over 90,000
square miles of the United States, an area almost as large as
the United Kingdom, displacing more than 1,000,000 people--a
humanitarian crisis on a scale unseen in the United States
since the Great Depression.
(9) The storm has now become the most destructive and
costliest natural disaster in the history of the United States,
resulting in over 1,300 deaths and estimated damage between
$70,000,000,000 and $130,000,000,000.
(10) Less than one month later, on September 24, 2005, the
region was battered again, this time by the strongest-measured
hurricane to ever have entered the Gulf of Mexico--Hurricane
Rita.
(11) Hurricane Rita came ashore between Texas and Louisiana
as a category 3 hurricane, packing winds up to 120 miles per
hour and a storm surge of 10 feet.
(12) A day prior to landfall, the resultant storm surge
also reopened some of the levee breaches caused by Hurricane
Katrina a month earlier and re-flooded parts of New Orleans.
(13) Local storm surges of 15 to 20 feet in southwestern
Louisiana were reported, and damage was extensive in coastal
parishes.
(14) Thousands of residents and families in the effected
States, who lived outside the 100-year flood plain and were
told they did not need flood insurance, suffered significant
damage to their homes and in many cases total losses.
(15) These families are currently without any type of
permanent shelter or any means by which to acquire such shelter
or otherwise make themselves whole, thus crippling the Gulf
Coast region and its economy.
(16) Because of the unprecedented magnitude of the storm
and the impact that the devastation of such a large region will
have on the United States as a whole, the Federal Government
should play a role in providing emergency assistance to these
families to help them rebuild and get on with their lives.

SEC. 3. TEMPORARY EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE FOR PRIMARY RESIDENCES DAMAGED
OR DESTROYED BY HURRICANES KATRINA AND RITA.

Title IV of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency
Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5170 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end
the following:

''SEC. 425. TEMPORARY EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE FOR PRIMARY RESIDENCES
DAMAGED OR DESTROYED BY HURRICANES KATRINA AND RITA.

''(a) In General.--The Director shall provide emergency assistance
to owners of eligible structures in accordance with this section.
''(b) Application.--The Director shall provide for owners of
eligible structures to submit applications for assistance under this
section in such form, containing such information, and in accordance
with such procedures, as the Director may require.
''(c) Use of Funds; Scope of Coverage.--
''(1) In general.--The amount of any assistance under this
section provided to an owner of an eligible structure in a
covered disaster area of a State may be used only for paying--
''(A) the costs of repair, reconstruction, or
replacement of such structure or construction or
purchase of any other structure (including a
manufactured home) to be used as the primary residence
of the owner in the covered disaster area of such
State; or
''(B) the amount remaining to be paid by the owner
on the mortgage of the eligible structure.
''(2) Replacement cost.--
''(A) In general.--Subject to subsection (d), the
amount of any assistance provided under this section
shall be based on the replacement cost necessary for
repair, reconstruction, or replacement of the eligible
structure to its original specifications and standards
prior to--
''(i) August 29, 2005, in the case of a
structure damaged by flooding resulting from
Hurricane Katrina; or
''(ii) September 23, 2005, in the case of a
structure damaged by flooding resulting from
Hurricane Rita.
Such costs shall include adjustments as necessary for
compliance with the requirements of subsection
(e)(1)(B).
''(B) Documentation.--An owner of an eligible
structure applying for assistance under paragraph (1)
shall submit to the Director documentation and such
other evidence (including a report completed by a
State-licensed, nationally-certified home inspector) as
the Director may require to establish the replacement
cost of the eligible structure under subparagraph (A).
''(d) Cost Sharing.--
''(1) Federal share.--Subject to subsection (f) and
paragraph (2), the Federal share of the cost of assistance
provided under this section for an eligible structure that the
Director shall pay to the owner of the eligible structure shall
be 80 percent of the replacement cost of the eligible structure
as determined under subsection (c)(2).
''(2) Maximum amount.--The maximum amount of assistance
that may be provided to an owner of an eligible structure under
this section for such structure may not exceed $150,000.
''(3) Optional state share.--If the owner of an eligible
structure in a State is provided assistance under this section,
the State may provide to the owner 10 percent of the
replacement cost of the eligible structure as determined under
subsection (c)(2), but not to exceed $15,000.
''(e) Requirements Regarding Future Flood Insurance Coverage and
Mitigation Actions.--
''(1) In general.--The Director may not provide assistance
under this section for an eligible structure unless--
''(A) the owner of the property upon which the
eligible structure is located has entered into a
legally binding agreement with the Director, including
such deed restrictions as the Director considers
appropriate, to ensure that such owner, and any future
owners, will at all times after such assistance is
provided under this section with respect to the
property, purchase and maintain flood insurance, in
perpetuity, for any structures located at any time on
the same property on which, at the time of purchase,
such eligible structure is located, in an amount at
least equal to the lesser of--
''(i) the value of the structure, as
determined by the Director; or
''(ii) the maximum limit of coverage made
available with respect to the particular type
of property under the National Flood Insurance
Program, if such coverage is available; and
''(B) the owner of the property certifies to the
Director that any structure constructed, repaired, or
reconstructed with such assistance will be constructed,
repaired, or reconstructed in accordance with--
''(i) standards established by the
International Code Council in effect at the
time the building permit is issued by the local
government to the owner of the eligible
structure; and
''(ii) any final flood elevations or flood
maps in effect for purposes of the National
Flood Insurance Program at the time the
building permit is issued by the local
government to the owner of the eligible
structure and any advisory flood elevations or
advisory flood insurance rate maps issued by
the Director for purposes of such program
before such building permit is issued.
''(2) Waiver authority.--The Director may waive the
requirements of paragraph (1)(B) with respect to the repair of
an eligible structure if the Director determines that the cost
of compliance with such requirements by the owner in repairing
the eligible structure outweigh the benefit derived from such
compliance pursuant to a substantial damage analysis.
''(f) Prohibition on Duplicative Benefits in Excess of Replacement
Costs.--Notwithstanding section 312, the Director shall assure that no
owner of an eligible structure will receive assistance under this
section that, when combined with other financial assistance received by
the owner under any program, including section 404 or 408, or from
insurance or any other source for the purpose of repair,
reconstruction, or replacement of the eligible structure, is in excess
of the replacement cost of the eligible structure as determined under
subsection (c)(2). Before receipt of any assistance for which an owner
is eligible under this section for an eligible structure, the owner
shall enter into a legally binding agreement with the Director to repay
any and all of such assistance that is in excess of the replacement
cost of the eligible structure as determined under subsection (c)(2).
''(g) Verification of Use of Funds and Compliance.--
''(1) Documentation; reports.--Within 6 months after the
date on which an owner of an eligible structure receives
assistance under this section, and every 6 months thereafter
until all such assistance is accounted for, the owner shall
submit to the Director--
''(A) all receipts and documentation verifying the
use of such assistance for the purpose for which it was
provided; and
''(B) reports completed by a State-licensed,
nationally-certified home inspector verifying
compliance by the owner with the requirements of
subsection (e)(1)(B) if such requirements are not
waived by the Director.
''(2) Enforcement.--The Director may suspend assistance
under this section, and take any additional action which the
Director deems appropriate, with respect to an owner of an
eligible structure if the Director determines that the owner is
not complying with paragraph (1).
''(h) Definitions.--In this section, the following definitions
apply:
''(1) Covered disaster area.--The term 'covered disaster
area' means an area--
''(A) for which a major disaster was declared by
the Director pursuant to title IV of the Robert T.
Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act
as a result of Hurricane Katrina or Hurricane Rita in
2005; and
''(B) in which the sale of flood insurance coverage
was available under the National Flood Insurance Act of
1968 (42 U.S.C. 4001 et seq.) as of--
''(i) August 29, 2005, in the case of an
area for which a declaration referred to in
subparagraph (A) was made as a result of
Hurricane Katrina; or
''(ii) September 23, 2005, in the case of
an area for which a declaration referred to in
subparagraph (A) was made as a result of
Hurricane Rita.
''(2) Eligible structure.--The term 'eligible structure'
means a structure (including a manufactured home) that--
''(A) sustained damage or losses from flooding
resulting from Hurricane Katrina or Hurricane Rita in
2005;
''(B) is located in a covered disaster area;
''(C) is a residential structure that was used as
the primary residence of the owner of the structure as
of--
''(i) August 29, 2005, in the case of a
structure damaged by flooding resulting from
Hurricane Katrina; and
''(ii) September 23, 2005, in the case of a
structure damaged by flooding resulting from
Hurricane Rita;
''(D) was covered by an insurance policy for losses
caused by wind or windstorm as of--
''(i) August 29, 2005, in the case of a
structure damaged by flooding resulting from
Hurricane Katrina; and
''(ii) September 23, 2005, in the case of a
structure damaged by flooding resulting from
Hurricane Rita;
''(E) is of a type for which coverage was generally
made available under the National Flood Insurance
Program as of August 29, 2005; and
''(F) is not located in an area that has been
identified by the Director as an area having special
flood hazards (as such term is used for purposes of
section 102 of the Flood Disaster Protection Act of
1973 (42 U.S.C. 4012a)) as of August 29, 2005.
''(3) Director.--The term 'Director' means the Director of
the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
''(i) Termination.--The Director may not provide any assistance
under this section except pursuant to an application for such
assistance submitted to the Director before the expiration of the 180-
day period beginning on the date of the enactment of this section.
''(j) Regulations.--The Director may issue any regulations
necessary to carry out this section.''.

SEC. 4. HAZARD MITIGATION.

(a) In General.--Section 404(a) of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster
Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5170c(a)) is amended--
(1) in the first sentence by striking ''75'' and inserting
''90''; and
(2) in the last sentence by striking ''7.5'' and inserting
''15''.
(b) Property Acquisition and Relocation Assistance.--Section 404(b)
of such Act (42 U.S.C. 5170c(b)) is amended by adding at the end the
following:
''(4) Reduction.--The amount of any assistance that would
otherwise be provided to an owner of an eligible structure
under section 425(c)(1)(B) shall be reduced by the amount of
assistance the owner receives for such structure under such
section.''.
(c) Applicability.--The amendments made by subsections (a) and (b)
shall apply with respect to a major disaster declared by the President
on or after August 24, 2005.

Answer: Housing Opportunities and Mitigating Emergencies Act of 2005 - Amernds the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act to require the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to provide temporary emergency assistance for primary residences damaged or destroyed by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita.

Increases from 75% to 90% the amount the President may contribute toward the cost of cost-effective hazard mitigation measures which substantially reduce the risk of future damage, hardship, loss, or suffering in any area affected by a major disaster. Doubles from 7.5% to 15% of the estimated aggregate federal disaster relief grants to an area the limit on the total amount of such presidential contributions.

Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Dollars for Scholars Community
Scholarship Foundation Development Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

The Congress finds that--
(1) the local community, when properly organized and
challenged, is one of the best sources of academic support,
motivation toward achievement, and financial resources for
aspiring college students;
(2) local communities, working to complement or augment
services currently being offered by area schools and colleges,
can raise the educational expectations and increase the rate of
college attendance of their youth by forming locally based
organizations that provide both academic support (including
guidance, counseling, mentoring, tutoring, encouragement, and
recognition) and tangible, locally raised, effectively
targeted, publicly recognized financial assistance;
(3) proven methods of stimulating these community efforts
can be promoted through Federal support for the establishment
of area program centers to organize and challenge community
efforts to develop educational incentives and support for local
students; and
(4) using Federal funds to leverage private contributions
to help students attain educational and career goals is an
efficient and effective investment of scarce taxpayer-provided
resources.

SEC. 3. PURPOSE; ENDOWMENT GRANT AUTHORIZED.

(a) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this Act to establish and endow
25 area program centers to promote the development of locally based,
volunteer organizations which promote higher education goals in
students by (1) providing academic support, including guidance,
counseling, mentoring, tutoring, and recognition; and (2) providing
financial assistance for the pursuit of post-secondary education.
(b) Authority.--From the funds appropriated under section 5, the
Secretary shall make an endowment grant to an eligible organization to
support the establishment, or ongoing work, or both, of 25 area program
centers to foster the development of locally based, volunteer
organizations to improve high school graduation rates and postsecondary
attendance through the provision of academic support services and
tangible financial assistance for the pursuit of postsecondary
education.

SEC. 4. ELIGIBLE ORGANIZATION.

(a) National Organization.--An organization shall be eligible for
an endowment grant under section 3 if such organization--
(1) has extensive experience in creating, developing, and
sustaining broadly based, volunteer-operated, community
scholarship foundations;
(2) has demonstrated the capacity to sustain newly created
community scholarship foundations in towns, cities, and
neighborhoods through ongoing training and support programs;
(3) is exempt from income taxes under section 501(c)(3) of
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986;
(4) is a publicly supported organization within the meaning
of section 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) of such Code;
(5) is not a private foundation within the meaning of
section 509(a) of such Code;
(6) ensures that any of its local affiliated chapters meet
the criteria specified in paragraphs (3), (4), and (5);
(7) has received a ruling that provides the option of each
community scholarship foundation affiliated with the
organization to file Form 990 under the organization's group
roster; and
(8) has a program for or experience in cooperating with
secondary and postsecondary institutions in carrying out its
scholarship and academic support activities.
(b) Regional Centers.--The area program centers established under
this program shall--
(1) be part of, responsible to, and overseen by the
eligible national organization; and
(2) be staffed by professionals trained to create, develop,
and sustain broadly based, volunteer-operated, community
scholarship foundations in towns, cities, and neighborhoods.
(c) Local Affiliated Chapters.--Each local affiliate of an eligible
organization shall--
(1) be a nonprofit organization, recognized as tax exempt
under section 501(3)(C) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986
(or shall meet this criteria through affiliation with the
eligible implementing parent organization in accordance with
subsection (a) of this section);
(2) be formed for the purpose of providing educational
scholarships for local residents;
(3) solicit broad-based community support in its fund-
raising activities;
(4) be broadly representative of the local community in the
structures of its volunteer-operated organization and have a
board of directors that includes leaders from local
neighborhood organizations and neighborhood residents, such as
school or college personnel, parents, students, community
agency representatives, and representatives of the business
community;
(5) agree to award scholarships without regard to age, sex,
marital status, race, creed, color, religion, national origin
or the presence of any mental, sensory, or physical disability;
and
(6) agree to give priority in awarding scholarships to
needy students in its local community.

SEC. 5. CONDITIONS FOR GRANT.

The Secretary shall make the endowment grant under this Act on the
basis of an agreement with an eligible organization that--
(1) contains such terms and conditions as may be necessary
to ensure that the endowment funds will be used to support an
area director and area program office that will work with local
communities to establish volunteer community scholarship
foundations and provide ongoing technical assistance, training
workshops, and other activities to help ensure the ongoing
success of the local organizations;
(2) contains terms and conditions requiring the
organization to establish or support, or both, area program
centers serving each area of the United States (including the
territories and possessions of the United States);
(3) contains terms and conditions specifying that, if
appropriated funds are not sufficient to support 25 area
program centers, the implementing organization will give
preference to those areas of the country with higher than
average dropout rates and lower than average postsecondary
institutional enrollment;
(4) requires the eligible organization to submit, for a
period of up to five years following award of the grant, an
annual report to the Secretary that--
(A) contains a description of the programs and
activities supported by the endowment fund;
(B) contains the audited financial statements of
eligible organization for the preceding fiscal year;
(C) contains a plan for the programs and activities
to be supported by the endowment during the 3
succeeding fiscal years; and
(D) contains or is accompanied by such evaluations
of the programs and activities supported by the
endowment fund as the Secretary may require; and
(5) contains such assurances as the Secretary may require
with respect to the management and operation of the endowment
funds.

SEC. 6. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

There are authorized to be appropriated $40,000,000 to carry out
this Act.

SEC. 7. DEFINITIONS.

For the purposes of this Act--
(1) the term ''Secretary'' means the Secretary of
Education; and
(2) the term ''community scholarship foundation'' means a
tax-exempt, publicly supported, locally organized, volunteer-
operated, broadly representative organization (formed in towns,
rural communities, or neighborhoods of large cities) whose
purpose is to raise funds for local scholarships, make
scholarship awards to local deserving students, and provide
academic support activities to encourage educational
achievement.

Answer:
Dollars for Scholars Community Scholarship Foundation Development Act - Directs the Secretary of Education to make an endowment grant to an eligible organization to support the establishment of 25 area program centers to foster development of locally based, volunteer organizations to improve high school graduation rates and postsecondary attendance through providing academic support services and financial assistance for postsecondary education.
Sets forth requirements for the eligible organization, the area program centers, and the local affiliates of the eligible organization.
Sets forth conditions for the endowment grant.
Authorizes appropriations.