Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: When I was young, my father had one of the first telephones in our neighborhood. I remember the shiny box on the wall. But I was too little to reach it, I could only listen to my mother talk on it. I discovered that inside the wonderful box lived an amazing person whose name was Information Please. There was nothing she did not know. One day my mother went out. I accidentally hurt my finger when I was playing with a hammer. I walked around the house sucking my hurting finger, finally seeing the telephone. Quickly I dragged a chair over and climbed up. "Information Please," I spoke into the receiver. A click or two and a small clear voice spoke into my ear, "Information." "I hurt my finger..." I cried into the phone. "Isn't your mother home?" came the question. "Nobody's home but me." I sobbed. "Are you bleeding?" the voice asked. "No," I replied. "I hit my finger with the hammer and it hurts." "Can you open your icebox?" she asked. I said I could. "Then take a little piece of ice and hold it to your finger." Said the voice. After that, I called "Information Please" for everything. I asked her for help with my geography and she told me where Philadelphia was. She helped me with my math. She told me her name was Sally. Then there was the time my pet canary died. I called "Information Please" and told Sally the sad story. "Why is it that birds sing so beautifully and bring joy to all families, only to end up as a pile of feathers?" She listened, then said quietly, "Paul, always remember that there are other worlds to sing in." Somehow I felt better. One day when I called "Information Please" again, a different voice answered "Information." I asked for Sally. "Are you a friend?" she said. "Yes." I answered "I'm sorry to have to tell you this," she said. "She died five days ago." Before I could hang up she said, "Wait a minute. Did you say your name was Paul?" "Yes!" "Well, Sally left a message for you. The note said, "Tell him I still say there are other worlds to sing in. He'll know what I mean." I thanked her... Question: When the author hurt his finger, he rang because _ . - he believed that the telephone knew everything. - the telephone could tell him a doctor's number - his mother was on the other end of the telephone - he was once told to ask for help in this way
he believed that the telephone knew everything.

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Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: Frederic Mishkin, who's been a professor at Columbia Business School for almost 30 years, is good at solving problems and expressing ideas. Whether he's standing in front of a lecture hall or engaged in a casual conversation, his hands are always waving and pointing. When he was in graduate school, one of his professors was so annoyed by this constant gesturing that he made the young economist sit on his hands whenever he visited the professor's office. It turns out, however, that Mishkin's professor had it exactly wrong. Gesture doesn't prevent but promotes clear thought and speech. Research demonstrates that the movements we make with our hands when we talk form a kind of second language, adding information that's absent from our words. It's learning's secret code: Gesture reveals what we know. It reveals what we don't know. What's more, the agreement (or lack of agreement) between what our voices say and how our hands move offers a clue to our readiness to learn. Many of the studies establishing the importance of gesture to learning have been conducted by Susan Goldin-Meadow, a professor of psychology at the University of Chicago. "We change our minds by moving our hands," writes Goldin-Meadow in a review of this work. Particularly significant are what she calls "mismatches" between oral expression and physical gestures. A student might say that a heavier ball falls faster than a light one, for example, but make a gesture indicating that they fall at the same rate, which is correct. Such differences indicate that we're moving from one level of understanding to another. The thoughts expressed by hand motions are often our newest and most advanced ideas about the problem we're working on; we can't yet absorb these concepts into language, but we can capture them in movement. Goldin-Meadow's more recent work strews not only that gesture shows our readiness to learn, but that it actually helps to bring learning about. It does so in two ways. First, it elicits helpful behavior from others around us.... Question: How is gesturing important in acquiring knowledge? - It draws tasteful responses from others and increases learning speed. - It promotes second language learning and quickens thinking. - It provides significant clues for solving academic problems. - It reduces students' reliance on teachers' instruction.
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It draws tasteful responses from others and increases learning speed.

Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: Chicago is considering firm measures to prevent the Asian carp,a giant fish native to the Far East,from coming into North America's Great Lakes in large numbers.Such a move could cost up to$18bn,a heavy economic burden to the city. This species,more than a metre in length,was originally introduced to southern US states three decades ago to control weeds in sewage treatment plants.But they escaped into the Mississippi River and increased in number quickly,making their way north towards the Great Lakes and threatening the native fish species along the way. "Dozens of them will often leap out of the water as boats approach.''Michael Beecham,a local environmental expert,described how frightening the scene was."I've gone down the river and seen these fish jump up and hit me in the face.It is a big problem for our native species," he said. A meeting has been organized to find a technological solution to the carp problem,one of which involves blocking parts of Chicago's canal system.Listening at the meeting was John Goss,who was worried about the effect that having barriers in the canal system would have on industry."It would certainly increase the cost of transportation,"he told."It is currently very cheap and efficient to bring materials and finished goods down the Chicago ship canal.'' Another cheaper option is to eat the fish out of existence.Dirk Fucik is selling carp burger at his fish shop not far from downtown Chicago.He thinks the carps are a great resource."To catch it and throw it away is a waste,"he says."Eating them helps solve the problem and also provides jobs."But the idea has not yet caught on.So far,he is the only person in Chicago selling carp burgers. Question: According to Michael Beecham,the Asian carp - jumps out of the water to eat weeds - always attacks people if disturbed - is a big threat to the local species - forms a beautiful scene on the river
is a big threat to the local species