QUES: In 1970, President Nasser died and was succeeded by Anwar Sadat. Sadat switched Egypt's Cold War allegiance from the Soviet Union to the United States, expelling Soviet advisors in 1972. He launched the Infitah economic reform policy, while clamping down on religious and secular opposition. In 1973, Egypt, along with Syria, launched the October War, a surprise attack to regain part of the Sinai territory Israel had captured 6 years earlier. it presented Sadat with a victory that allowed him to regain the Sinai later in return for peace with Israel.
Who succeeded Nasser?

ANS: Anwar Sadat

QUES: Winters are cold and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachians keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis. The daily mean temperature in January, the area's coldest month, is 32.6 F (0.3 C); however, temperatures usually drop to 10 F (12 C) several times per winter, and reach 50 F (10 C) several days each winter month. Spring and autumn are unpredictable and can range from chilly to warm, although they are usually mild with low humidity. Summers are typically warm to hot and humid, with a daily mean temperature of 76.5 F (24.7 C) in July and an average humidity level of 72%. Nighttime conditions are often exacerbated by the urban heat island phenomenon, while daytime temperatures exceed 90 F (32 C) on average of 17 days each summer and in some years exceed 100 F (38 C). In the warmer months, the dew point, a measure of atmospheric moisture, ranges from 57.3 F (14.1 C) in June to 62.0 F (16.7 C) in August. Extreme temperatures have ranged from 15 F (26 C), recorded on February 9, 1934, up to 106 F (41 C) on July 9, 1936.
When was the lowest temperature recorded in NYC?

ANS: 1934

QUES: From the 9th century, the Pecheneg nomads began an uneasy relationship with Kievan Rus. For over two centuries they launched sporadic raids into the lands of Rus, which sometimes escalated into full-scale wars (such as the 920 war on the Pechenegs by Igor of Kiev reported in the Primary Chronicle), but there were also temporary military alliances (e.g. the 943 Byzantine campaign by Igor). In 968, the Pechenegs attacked and besieged the city of Kiev. Some speculation exists that the Pechenegs drove off the Tivertsi and the Ulichs to the regions of the upper Dniester river in Bukovina. The Byzantine Empire was known to support the Pechenegs in their military campaigns against the Eastern Slavic states.[citation needed]
What did the Pecheneg frequesntly do over the span of two centuries?

ANS: sporadic raids into the lands of Rus

QUES: Poland has historically been staunchly pro-American, dating back to General Tadeusz Kosciuszko and Casimir Pulaski's involvement in the American Revolution. This pro-American stance was reinforced following favorable American intervention in World War I (leading to the creation of an independent Poland) and the Cold War (culminating in a Polish state independent of Soviet influence). Poland contributed a large force to the "Coalition of the Willing" in Iraq. A quote referring to Poland as "the 51st state" has been attributed to James Pavitt, then Central Intelligence Agency Deputy Director for Operations, especially in connection to extraordinary rendition.
What culminated in a Polish state dependent on Soviet influence?

ANS:
unanswerable