Q: An endoscopy can serve several purposes. Your doctor might advise an endoscopy to investigate symptoms such as nausea or vomiting. If your doctor recommends an endoscopy, take time to learn why. In addition to investigating digestive symptoms, your doctor might use the endoscopy to collect tissue samples. This is also known as a biopsy. Tissue samples can help your doctor to diagnose your condition. The tissue samples can be tested for diseases such as anemia and certain cancers. If your doctor suggests this procedure, you do not need to immediately be alarmed. It is a common procedure and used to diagnose many conditions. Talk to your doctor about what the procedure entails. You can also ask him to provide additional resources, such as pamphlets or useful web sites. If you know what to expect, you will feel more comfortable about having the procedure. You will be awake during an endoscopy, however you will also be slightly sedated with a rapid onset and short duration medication. It is a same day procedure that takes place in a doctor's office or exam room. During the procedure, you will lie down either on your back or side. Your doctor may give you a sedative to help you relax. The endoscope, which includes a small camera, will be inserted into your mouth. Your doctor will extend the scope down into your esophagus so that the camera can capture images. Your doctor might use other small tools to gather the tissue samples. You will not be able to talk during the procedure, but you will be able to breathe and make sounds. It is important to understand that there are actually two common types of endoscopy. One is the upper endoscopy and the other is a colonoscopy. Make sure to clarify with your doctor which type of procedure you need. Your doctor will use an endoscopy to view the upper digestive tract, or a colonoscopy to view the lower digestive tract. The upper endoscopy is the procedure where the scope is inserted through the mouth. It will allow your doctor to look at the small intestines and stomach in addition to the esophagus. During a colonoscopy, the camera is attached to a flexible tube inserted through the rectum. This procedure allows your doctor to examine the large intestine, colon, and rectum. Both procedures are used to diagnose disease and investigate symptoms. Both are common, same day procedures. You may be disconcerted if your doctor recommends an endoscopy. It is normal to be nervous about undergoing a new procedure. Take time to ask your doctor several questions about his recommendation. Gain an understanding of why you need the procedure. Try saying, "What, specifically, makes you think this procedure is necessary for me?" You can also ask about the procedure itself. You might say, "Can you tell me if it will hurt?" Ask your doctor about possible side effects. You can also ask how regularly he performs the procedure. Feel free to take notes. You might hear some unfamiliar medical terms and want to write down what they mean.
A: Learn about the procedure. Know what to expect. Understand different procedures. Ask questions.

Q: You'll need a confirmation of enrollment in order to apply for a student visa. Once you've enrolled at a university, they'll send you a written confirmation, which you'll include in your visa application. If English isn't your first language, you'll need to show proof of your English proficiency. Acceptable tests include the International English Language Testing System and the TOEFL paper or internet tests. The minimum score for the International English Language Testing System is 5.5. The minimum score for the TOEFL paper-based test is 527. For the TOEFL internet-based test, the minimum score is 46. The financial capacity requirement is a unique hoop you'll need to jump through in order to obtain a student visa. You'll need to provide documents that prove you can support yourself for 12 months or, for shorter courses, the duration of your stay. Example documents include bank statements, income statements, university financial aid statements, tax returns, and credit history. As of February 2018, you'll need to provide proof of funds to cover $2,000 for 1-way airfare back to your nation, tuition, and $20,290 for living costs. Student loans and scholarships count, so include any financial aid you've been awarded. If your parents are helping you pay for your education, provide information about their income. Provide as much documentation as possible in your visa application. The more evidence you provide, the better your chances of obtaining a visa. International students are required to purchase health insurance from an Australian health fund, such as Australian Health Management or BUPA Australia. Overseas Students Health Cover (OSHC) packages cost around $400 to $500 (AUD) per year for individuals. You must submit the application for a student visa (subclass 500) and digital copies of all documents via your ImmiAccount at https://online.immi.gov.au/lusc/login. To create an ImmiAccount, select "Individual, and enter your information, including a valid email address. Use the document checklist to find out the specific requirements for your country of origin: https://www.homeaffairs.gov.au/trav/stud. Log into your ImmiAccount and select student visa (subclass 500). Fill out the application form and upload scanned copies of your documents when prompted. While requirements vary, you'll most likely need: Certified copies of your passport, birth certificate, and driver's license. Confirmation of enrollment Evidence of health insurance Resume or C.V. Proof of financial capacity Proof of English proficiency (if applicable) You may also need to provide a medical certificate or proof of vaccinations. You'll need to pay a fee of at least $560 (AUD) when you file your application. You can by through your ImmiAccount by credit or debit card or through Paypal. Processing times vary, but you can track your application's progress through your ImmiAccount. If your visa application is approved, you'll receive your visa number and information about your visa grant, or your visa's duration. You might be notified that you need to submit additional documents. If you think there's a problem with your application, contact your local Australian embassy or consulate, or visit the visa support webpage at https://www.homeaffairs.gov.au/trav/visa.
A:
Apply for a visa after you've enrolled at a university. Meet English language requirements to get a student visa. Provide evidence of your financial capacity. Obtain health insurance for overseas students. Create an ImmiAccount. Fill out the application and submit your required documents. Pay the application fee. Allow at least 4 to 8 weeks for the application to be processed.