In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
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Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''National Commission of the Federal
Response to Natural Disasters in Puerto Rico Act of 2018''.

SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT AND PURPOSE.

(a) Establishment.--There is established a National Commission of
the Federal Response to Natural Disasters in Puerto Rico (in this Act
referred to as the ''Commission'').
(b) Purpose.--The purpose of the Commission is to examine the
Federal preparedness, response, and recovery to the 2017 natural
disasters in Puerto Rico, including the Federal Government's
consideration of the following aspects:
(1) Federal preparedness activities prior to Hurricanes
Irma and Maria, including Federal plans for the 2017 hurricane
season and decisionmaking regarding prepositioning contracts
and supplies.
(2) Federal response activities during Hurricanes Irma and
Maria, including Federal coordination, distribution of
assistance, and contracting.
(3) Federal recovery activities after Hurricanes Irma and
Maria, including Federal efforts to obtain accurate accounting
of the death toll, damage impacts, and long-term rebuilding
assistance for survivors.

SEC. 3. CONSIDERATIONS.

To carry out its examination, the Commission shall take into
consideration the Federal preparedness, response, and recovery efforts
in Puerto Rico as compared to other jurisdictions that were impacted by
the 2017 hurricane season, as well as the following issues:
(1) The impact and destruction of Hurricane Irma, Hurricane
Maria, the resulting landslides, and flooding.
(2) The adequacy of the death toll methodology and
processes, and whether previous death counts and mortality
estimates slowed or otherwise affected Federal response
efforts.
(3) The Federal emergency and contingency plans in place
before the 2017 hurricane season.
(4) The Federal preparedness guidelines issued ahead of the
2017 hurricane season.
(5) The vulnerability of Puerto Rico's economic situation
on Federal preparedness.
(6) The implications of Puerto Rico's reliance on imported
oil for power generation.
(7) The adequacy of the telecommunications network in
Puerto Rico.
(8) The capacity of the local government and Federal
Government to quickly mobilize and respond to disasters and
emergencies in Puerto Rico.
(9) The impact of the uncertainty in long-term Federal
health care funding on medical and emergency readiness.
(10) The implication of Puerto Rico's treatment under the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and its impact on readiness.
(11) The adequacy of available data and its effects on the
Federal response.
(12) The geographic, ecological, and infrastructure issues
that could have affected response efforts.
(13) A comparison of response efforts in other United
States jurisdictions vis-a-vis efforts in Puerto Rico for the
2017 hurricane season.

SEC. 4. COMPOSITION AND COMPENSATION OF COMMISSION.

(a) Members.--The Commission shall be composed of 8 members, of
whom two shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of
Representatives, two shall be appointed by the Majority Leader of the
Senate, two shall be appointed by the Minority Leader of the House of
Representatives, and two shall be appointed by the Minority Leader of
the Senate.
(b) Chair and Vice Chair.--The Commission, by majority vote, shall
choose a Chair and Vice Chair.
(c) Qualifications and Restrictions.--
(1) In general.--Individuals shall be selected for
appointment on the Commission solely on the basis of their
professional qualifications, experience, and expertise in
relevant fields, including disaster response and emergency
preparedness.
(2) Restrictions.--Individuals may not be an officer or
employee of the Federal Government or any State, or a current
elected official of the local government.
(d) Appointment.--
(1) In general.--All members of the Commission shall be
appointed not later than 30 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act.
(2) Presidential authority.--The President shall have no
authority to terminate the appointment of any member of the
commission.
(e) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the Commission shall not affect its
powers, but shall be filled in the same manner in which the original
appointment was made not later than 60 days after the date on which the
vacancy occurs.
(f) Compensation.--
(1) In general.--Members of the Commission may be
compensated for travel expenses necessary to conduct the work
and services for the Commission.
(2) Travel expenditures.--Members shall be allowed travel
expenditures, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in the
same manner as persons employed intermittently in the
Government service are allowed expenses under section 5703 of
title 5, United States Code.
(g) Staff.--
(1) In general.--With a majority vote of the Commission,
members may recruit personnel to assist with the Commission's
work, including the creation of the report.
(2) Personnel.--Any such personnel may include private
citizens, employees or detailees of the Federal Government, or
employees of the territorial government.

SEC. 5. FUNCTIONS AND POWERS OF THE COMMISSION.

(a) Quorum.--
(1) In general.--Not later than 60 days after the date on
which all members of the Commission have been appointed, the
Commission shall meet and begin the operations of the
Commission.
(2) Subsequent meetings.--Each subsequent meeting shall
occur upon the call of the Chair or a majority of its members.
(3) Quorum.--A majority of the members of the Commission
shall constitute a quorum, but a lesser number may hold
meetings.
(b) Public Meetings.--The Commission shall host not less than 10
public meetings in locations that are accessible to individuals of
every municipality with elected officials, local community leaders,
academic institutions, for-profit and non-for-profit organizations, and
individuals in Puerto Rico to the extent appropriate.
(c) Written Input.--The Commission shall allow participants both in
Puerto Rico and the mainland to provide written input to be included in
an appendix of the final report.
(d) Hearings.--
(1) In general.--The Commission may hold hearings, take
testimony, and receive evidence for its investigation.
(2) Protection of information.--Any public hearings of the
Commission shall be conducted in a manner consistent with the
protection of information provided to or developed for or by
the Commission as required by any applicable statute,
regulation, or Executive order.
(e) Subpoenas.--The Commission may issue subpoenas requiring the
attendance and testimony of witnesses, and requiring the submission of
data, books, records, correspondence, memoranda, papers, documents,
electronic files, metadata, tapes, and materials of any nature relating
to any matter under investigation.
(f) Information From Agencies.--The Commission may secure directly
from any executive department, bureau, agency, board, commission,
office, independent establishment, or instrumentality of the
Government, information, suggestions, estimates, and statistics.
(g) GSA Services.--The Administrator of General Services shall
provide to the Commission on a reimbursable basis administrative
support and other services for the performance of the Commission's
functions.
(h) Federal Assistance From Other Agencies.--Departments and
agencies of the United States may provide to the Commission such
services, funds, facilities, staff, and other support services as they
may determine advisable and as may be authorized by law.
(i) Postal Services.--The Commission may use the United States
mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as other
departments and agencies of the United States.

SEC. 6. REPORTS OF COMMISSION.

(a) Report.--Not later than 12 months after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Commission shall submit to the President and
Congress a final report on the causes and circumstances surrounding the
natural disasters in Puerto Rico, including preparedness and immediate
response, and providing recommendations to guard against future natural
disasters outside of the continental United States, which shall contain
findings, conclusions, and recommendations as have been agreed to by a
majority of Commission members and shall--
(1) be made available to the public in the English and
Spanish languages;
(2) include findings for the issues described in section 2;
and
(3) include--
(A) the number and nature of complaints filed to
the Inspectors General for Federal agencies responsible
in the aftermath of the 2017 natural disasters;
(B) details on Federal procurement and acquisition
practices in the aftermath of the 2017 natural
disasters;
(C) details on disaster mitigation protocols given
cultural and language differences; and
(D) disaster response processes taking into account
demographics (age, race, gender, income) and the impact
on segments of the population with disabilities.
(b) Appendix.--An appendix to the final report shall include
written input of participants in Puerto Rico and the mainland.
(c) Interim Report.--Not later than 6 months after the date of
enactment of this Act, the Commission shall provide to Congress an
interim report.

SEC. 7. SUNSET.

The Commission shall terminate on the day that is 90 days after the
date on which the final report is submitted.

SEC. 8. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

There is authorized to be appropriated $3,000,000 to carry out this
Act, to remain available until expended.

Answer: National Commission of the Federal Response to Natural Disasters in Puerto Rico Act of 2018 This bill establishes a National Commission of the Federal Response to Natural Disasters in Puerto Rico to examine the federal preparedness, response, and recovery to the 2017 natural disasters in Puerto Rico. The commission shall take into consideration the federal preparedness, response, and recovery efforts in Puerto Rico as compared to other jurisdictions impacted by the 2017 hurricane season, and consider other issues, including the impact and destruction of Hurricanes Irma and Maria, the vulnerability of Puerto Rico's economic situation on preparedness, the implications of Puerto Rico's reliance on imported oil for power generation, and the adequacy of the telecommunications network in Puerto Rico.

Question: SECTION 1. REDUCTION IN LIMITATION AMOUNT APPLICABLE TO CONTRIBUTIONS
BY A MULTICANDIDATE POLITICAL COMMITTEE TO A HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES CANDIDATE.

Section 315(a)(2)(A) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971
(2 U.S.C. 441a(a)(2)(A)) is amended by inserting after ''$5,000'' the
following: '', except that in the case of an election for the office of
Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the
Congress, the limitation shall be $1,000.''.

SEC. 2. PROHIBITION ON HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES GENERAL ELECTION
CONTRIBUTIONS IN NONELECTION YEARS.

Section 315 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C.
441a) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
''(i) A candidate for the office of Representative in, or Delegate
or Resident Commissioner to, the Congress may not solicit or accept any
contribution in an odd-numbered year with respect to a general election
for such office or any primary election relating to the general
election.''.

SEC. 3. BAN ON SOFT MONEY.

(a) In General.--Title III of the Federal Election Campaign Act of
1971 (2 U.S.C. 431 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the
following new section:

''limitations and reporting requirements for amounts paid for mixed
political activities

''Sec. 323. (a) Any payment by the national committee of a
political party or a State committee of a political party for a mixed
political activity--
''(1) shall be subject to limitation and reporting under
this Act as if such payment were an expenditure; and
''(2) may be paid only from an account that is subject to
the requirements of this Act.
''(b) As used in this section, the term 'mixed political activity'
means, with respect to a payment by the national committee of a
political party or a State committee of a political party, an activity,
such as a voter registration program, a get-out-the-vote drive, or
general political advertising, that is both (1) for the purpose of
influencing an election for Federal office, and (2) for any purpose
unrelated to influencing an election for Federal office.''.
(b) Repeal of Building Fund Exception to the Definition of the Term
''Contribution''.--Section 301(8)(B) of the Federal Election Campaign
Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C. 431(8)(B)) is amended--
(1) by striking out clause (viii); and
(2) by redesignating clauses (ix) through (xiv) as clauses
(viii) through (xiii), respectively.

SEC. 4. VOLUNTARY EXPENDITURE LIMITATION FOR HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
ELECTIONS.

Section 315 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C.
441a), as amended by section 2, is further amended by adding at the end
the following new subsection:
''(j) In such form and manner as the Commission may prescribe, each
candidate for the office of Representative in, or Delegate or Resident
Commissioner to, the Congress in a general election or a primary
election for such office shall be given the opportunity to comply with
a voluntary expenditure limitation of $500,000 with respect to the
general election and any primary election relating to the general
election. In the case of a candidate who declines to comply with the
voluntary limitation, the limitation under subsection (a)(1)(A) shall
be $250.''.

SEC. 5. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ELECTION LIMITATION ON CONTRIBUTIONS
FROM PERSONS OTHER THAN IN-STATE RESIDENTS.

Section 315 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C.
441a), as amended by sections 2 and 4, is further amended by adding at
the end the following new subsection:
''(k)(1) A candidate for the office of Representative in, or
Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, the Congress may not, with
respect to a reporting period for an election, accept contributions
from persons other than in-State residents totaling in excess of one-
half of the total of contributions accepted with respect to the
reporting period.
''(2) As used in this subsection, the term 'in-State resident'
means an individual who resides in the State in which the congressional
district involved is located.''.

SEC. 6. PROHIBITION OF FRANKED MASS MAILINGS BY MEMBERS OF THE HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES IN ELECTION YEARS.

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, or any rule or other
authority, a Member of the House of Representatives may not make any
franked mass mailing in an even-numbered year. As used in this
section--
(1) the term ''mass mailing'' has the meaning given that
term in section 3210 of title 39, United States Code; and
(2) the term ''Member of the House of Representatives''
means a Representative in, or a Delegate or Resident
Commissioner to, the Congress.

SEC. 7. ELIMINATION OF CARRY-OVER OF CAMPAIGN FUNDS BETWEEN HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES ELECTIONS.

Section 315 of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (2 U.S.C.
441a), as amended by sections 2, 4, and 5, is further amended by adding
at the end the following new subsection:
''(l) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, if after
satisfying all financial obligations with respect to a general election
and any primary election relating to the general election, a candidate
for the office of Representative in, or Delegate or Resident
Commissioner to, the Congress has a campaign account balance, the
candidate shall return the excess funds to contributors or, at the
option of the candidate, donate the excess funds to charity. No excess
funds may be carried forward or used for any other purpose.''.

Answer: Amends the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 to reduce the amount of contributions that a multicandidate political committee (PAC) may make to a House of Representatives candidate.
Prohibits House general election contributions in nonelection years.
Sets forth: (1) limitations and reporting requirements for amounts paid for mixed political activities ("soft money"); (2) voluntary expenditure limitations for House elections; and (3) House contribution limitations from persons other than in-State residents.
Prohibits election-year franked mass mailings by House members.
Requires House members to return or give to charity unused campaign funds.

Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Weather Modification Research and
Technology Transfer Authorization Act of 2005''.

SEC. 2. PURPOSE.

It is the purpose of this Act to develop and implement a
comprehensive and coordinated national weather modification policy and
a national cooperative Federal and State program of weather
modification research and development.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

In this Act:
(1) Board.--The term ''Board'' means the Weather
Modification Advisory and Research Board.
(2) Executive director.--The term ''Executive Director''
means the Executive Director of the Weather Modification
Advisory and Research Board.
(3) Research and development.--The term ''research and
development'' means theoretical analysis, exploration,
experimentation, and the extension of investigative findings
and theories of scientific or technical nature into practical
application for experimental and demonstration purposes,
including the experimental production and testing of models,
devices, equipment, materials, and processes.
(4) Weather modification.--The term ''weather
modification'' means changing or controlling, or attempting to
change or control, by artificial methods the natural
development of atmospheric cloud forms or precipitation forms
which occur in the troposphere.

SEC. 4. WEATHER MODIFICATION ADVISORY AND RESEARCH BOARD ESTABLISHED.

(a) In General.--There is established in the Department of Commerce
the Weather Modification Advisory and Research Board.
(b) Membership.--
(1) In general.--The Board shall consist of 11 members
appointed by the Secretary of Commerce, of whom--
(A) at least 1 shall be a representative of the
American Meteorological Society;
(B) at least 1 shall be a representative of the
American Society of Civil Engineers;
(C) at least 1 shall be a representative of the
National Academy of Sciences;
(D) at least 1 shall be a representative of the
National Center for Atmospheric Research of the
National Science Foundation;
(E) at least 2 shall be representatives of the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the
Department of Commerce;
(F) at least 1 shall be a representative of
institutions of higher education or research
institutes; and
(G) at least 1 shall be a representative of a State
that is currently supporting operational weather
modification projects.
(2) Tenure.--A member of the Board serves at the pleasure
of the Secretary of Commerce.
(3) Vacancies.--Any vacancy on the Board shall be filled in
the same manner as the original appointment.
(b) Advisory Committees.--The Board may establish advisory
committees to advise the Board and to make recommendations to the Board
concerning legislation, policies, administration, research, and other
matters.
(c) Initial Meeting.--Not later than 30 days after the date on
which all members of the Board have been appointed, the Board shall
hold its first meeting.
(d) Meetings.--The Board shall meet at the call of the Chair.
(e) Quorum.--A majority of the members of the Board shall
constitute a quorum, but a lesser number of members may hold hearings.
(f) Chair and Vice Chair.--The Board shall select a Chair and Vice
Chair from among its members.

SEC. 5. DUTIES OF THE BOARD.

(a) Promotion of Research and Development.--In order to assist in
expanding the theoretical and practical knowledge of weather
modification, the Board shall promote and fund research and
development, studies, and investigations with respect to--
(1) improved forecast and decisionmaking technologies for
weather modification operations, including tailored computer
workstations and software and new observation systems with
remote sensors; and
(2) assessments and evaluations of the efficacy of weather
modification, both purposeful (including cloud-seeding
operations) and inadvertent (including downwind effects and
anthropogenic effects).
(b) Financial Assistance.--Unless the use of the money is
restricted or subject to any limitations provided by law, the Board
shall use amounts in the Weather Modification Research and Development
Fund--
(1) to pay its expenses in the administration of this Act;
and
(2) to provide for research and development with respect to
weather modifications by grants to, or contracts or cooperative
arrangements with, public or private agencies.
(c) Report.--The Board shall submit to the Secretary of Commerce
biennially a report on its findings and research results.

SEC. 6. POWERS OF THE BOARD.

(a) Studies, Investigations, and Hearings.--The Board may make any
studies or investigations, obtain any information, and hold any
hearings necessary or proper to administer or enforce this Act or any
rules or orders issued under this Act.
(b) Personnel.--The Board may employ, as provided for in
appropriations Acts, an Executive Director and other support staff
necessary to perform duties and functions under this Act.
(c) Cooperation With Other Agencies.--The Board may cooperate with
public or private agencies to promote the purposes of this Act.
(d) Cooperative Agreements.--The Board may enter into cooperative
agreements with the head of any department or agency of the United
States, an appropriate official of any State or political subdivision
of a State, or an appropriate official of any private or public agency
or organization for conducting weather modification activities or
cloud-seeding operations.
(e) Conduct and Contracts for Research and Development.--The
Executive Director, with the approval of the Board, may conduct and may
contract for research and development activities relating to the
purpose described in section 2.

SEC. 7. COOPERATION WITH THE WEATHER MODIFICATION OPERATIONS AND
RESEARCH BOARD.

The heads of the departments and agencies of the United States and
the heads of any other public or private agencies and institutions that
receive research funds from the United States shall, to the extent
possible, give full support and cooperation to the Board and to
initiate independent research and development programs that address
weather modifications.

SEC. 8. FUNDING.

(a) In General.--There is established within the Treasury of the
United States the Weather Modification Research and Development Fund,
which shall consist of amounts appropriated pursuant to subsection (b)
or received by the Board under subsection (c).
(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to the Board for the purposes of carrying out this Act
$10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2006 through 2015. Any sums
appropriated under this subsection shall remain available, without
fiscal year limitation, until expended.
(c) Gifts.--The Board may accept, use, and dispose of gifts or
donations of services or property.

Answer:
Weather Modification Research and Technology Transfer Authorization Act of 2005 - Establishes in the Department of Commerce the Weather Modification Advisory and Research Board to promote and fund research and development (R&D), studies, and investigations with respect to: (1) improved forecast and decisionmaking technologies for weather modification operations, including tailored computer workstations and software and new observation systems with remote sensors; and (2) assessments and evaluations of the efficacy of weather modification, both purposeful (including cloud-seeding operations) and inadvertent (including downwind effects and anthropogenic effects).

Establishes within the U.S. Treasury the Weather Modification Research and Development Fund. Directs the Board, unless the use of the money is restricted or subject to any limitations provided by law, to use amounts in the Fund to: (1) pay its expenses in the administration of this Act; and (2) provide for R&D with respect to weather modifications by grants to, or contracts or cooperative arrangements with, public or private agencies.