Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: What are feelings for? Most nonscientists will find it a strange question. Feelings justify themselves. Emotions give meaning and depth to life. They exist without serving any other purposes. On the other hand, many evolutionary biologists acknowledge some emotions primarily for their survival function. For both animals and humans, fear motivates the avoidance of danger, love is necessary to care for the young, and anger prepares one to hold ground. But the fact that a behavior functions to serve survival need not mean that. Other scientists have regarded the same behavior as conditioning and learned responses. Certainly reflexes and fixed action patterns can occur without feeling or conscious thought. A baby seagull pecks at a red spot on the bill of its parent. The seagull parent feeds its baby when pecked on the bill and the baby gets fed. The interaction need have no emotional content. At the same time, there is no reason why such actions cannot have emotional content. In mammals that have given birth including humans, milk is often released automatically when a new baby cries. This is not under intended control but it is reflex. Yet this does not mean that feeding a new baby is exclusively reflex and expresses no feeling like love. Humans have feelings about their behavior even if it is conditioned or reflexive. Yet since reflexes exist and conditioned behavior is widespread, measurable, and observable, most scientists try to explain animal behavior by using only these concepts. It is simpler. Preferring to explain behavior in ways that fit science's methods most easily, scientists have refused to consider any causes for animal behavior other than reflexive and conditioned ones. Scientific orthodoxy holds that what cannot be readily measured or tested cannot exist, or is unworthy of serious attention. But emotional explanations for animal behavior need not be impossibly complex or unstable. They are just more difficult for the scientific method to check on in the usual ways, so cleverer and more... Question: Which of the following can be learned from the passage? - Breast-feeding a baby is conditioned or reflective but have no emotional connection. - Reflexes and conditioning will lead to a better understanding of animal emotions. - Scientists usually apply reflexes and conditioning in explaining animal behaviors. - Many evolutionary biologists believe that emotions are to some degree for survival.
Scientists usually apply reflexes and conditioning in explaining animal behaviors.

(Question)
Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: It was the last day of my four-month interview to hold the job as a salesman in the World Trade Center -- in simpler words, an end to being perfect for four months. I took the last drop of my coffee, pushed in my chair, and said goodbye to my family -- little did they know, this could have been my final goodbye. I went to room 911, as I had the past three times, to meet my boss, Mr. Clarke. I was just about to have a seat, when suddenly I heard the sound of explosion. Then, the floor beneath my feet began shaking, which was when I began to realize that something had gone completely wrong. "Run! Let's get out of here!" Mr. Clarke cried. Seconds after the first massive explosion, I heard another explosion from way above. My heartbeat seemed to be the drum of a heavy-metal song and all the employees were rushing to get out; the lifts were out of order, and only screaming could be heard up and down the stairwell. All of us were unaware at the time that this was the airplane hitting the tower. Fire then began to swallow the walls and all you could see is gray smoke. Mr. Clarke had fallen and went unconscious. I used all my strength to throw his heavy weight on my shoulders and run down the steps. I then felt myself sinking into the floor. I ran and ran, but I was not going anywhere. The only option left was to jump. With Mr. Clarke still lying in my arms, I closed my eyes and jumped. My boss safely reached the edge of the trampoline a group of firemen held beneath us. However, I landed on the concrete floor and suffered a broken back and neck, which was considered lucky. Question: When the disaster took place, people in the building were _ . - calm - excited - brave - frightened
(Answer)
frightened

Ques: Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: My teacher held up a piece of broken glass and asked,"Who broke this window?" Thirty boys tried to think about not only what they had done,but also what our teacher may have found out.She seldom became angry,but she was this time. "Oh," I thought.I was the one who broke the window.It was caused by a naughty throw of a baseball.If I admitted guilt,I would be in a lot of trouble.How would I be able to pay for a big window like that? I didn't even get an allowance. "My father is going to have a fit,"I thought.I didn't want to raise my hand,but some force much stronger than I was pulled it skyward.I told the truth. "I did it." It was hard enough to say what I had. My teacher took down a book from one of our library shelves and I had never known my teacher to strike a student,but I feared she was going to start with me. "I know how you like birds," she said as she stood looking down at my guilt-ridden face."Here is that field guide about birds that you are constantly checking out. It is yours now.It's time we got a new one for the school anyway.You will not be punished as long as you remember that I am not rewarding you for your misdeed, I am rewarding you for your truthfulness." I couldn't believe it! I wasn't being punished and I was getting my own bird field guide--the very one that I had been saving up money to buy. All that remains of that day is my memory and the lesson my teacher taught me. That lesson stays with me every day and it will echo forever. Question: Which of the following best describes the changes in the boy's feelings? - Afraid-Surprised-Thankful - Frightened-Amazed-Proud. - Regretful-Guilty-Excited. - Nervous-Afraid-Satisfied.
Ans: Afraid-Surprised-Thankful

Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: A little stress is good, since it helps you keep motivated to meet your goals. However, too much stress is bad for your health. Stress needs to be managed in order to prevent anxiety . Here are some tips on how to manage stress. Write it out Write down everything that seems stressful, and ways to deal with each problem. You'll find a things-to-do list much easier to manage than having all messed up in your head. Write down the tasks along with the specific times when you can do them. One task at a time Give each task all your attention while you're doing it, and forget the rest. This will keep you from feeling anxious about things you have left to do. Thinking about other tasks only adds unnecessary stress, and can even stop you from doing the task you're busy with at present. You don't need to do everything all at once, or on your own. The feeling of being pressed to finish something on time will somehow disappear if someone is there to help you. Give yourself a reward Rewarding yourself for what you've already done, no matter how small, is a great way to motivate yourself to keep going. It will reduce stress, and make you happier to go on with the next task. Give yourself a break Breaks of ten to fifteen minutes are important. Visit a cafe or take a quick walk --anything to take your mind off the work for a while. If you need to stay at work, sit with your eyes closed and imagine a peaceful place or some other relaxing scenes. This will remove the stress from your muscles and mind. Question: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? - It's better to plan a specific time to do the task. - It helps you stay motivated to think about the undone tasks. - It's unnecessary for you to do all the tasks by yourself. - It helps if you put your attention to one task at a time.
It helps you stay motivated to think about the undone tasks.