Answer the following question given this paragraph: Ribosomes Ribosomes are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis. When viewed through an electron microscope, free ribosomes appear as either clusters or single tiny dots floating freely in the cytoplasm. Ribosomes may be attached to either the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane or the cytoplasmic side of the endoplasmic reticulum (Figure 3.7). Electron microscopy has shown that ribosomes consist of large and small subunits. Ribosomes are enzyme complexes that are responsible for protein synthesis. Because protein synthesis is essential for all cells, ribosomes are found in practically every cell, although they are smaller in prokaryotic cells. They are particularly abundant in immature red blood cells for the synthesis of hemoglobin, which functions in the transport of oxygen throughout the body. Q: What term is used to describe the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis? Choices: - chromosomes - chloroplasts - nuclei - ribosomes A:
ribosomes
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Sonic booms are one example of a broader phenomenon called bow wakes. A bow wake, such as the one in Figure 17.19, is created when the wave source moves faster than the wave propagation speed. Water waves spread out in circles from the point where created, and the bow wake is the familiar V-shaped wake trailing the source. A more exotic bow wake is created when a subatomic particle travels through a medium faster than the speed of light travels in that medium. (In a vacuum, the maximum 8 speed of light will be c = 3.0010 m/s ; in the medium of water, the speed of light is closer to 0.75c . If the particle creates light in its passage, that light spreads on a cone with an angle indicative of the speed of the particle, as illustrated in Figure 17.20. Such a bow wake is called Cerenkov radiation and is commonly observed in particle physics. Q: What is created when the wave source moves faster than the wave propagation speed? Choices: - loop wake - piece wake - superceding wake - bow wake A:
bow wake
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: A living cell is a system that is not in equilibrium with its surroundings; it requires a constant input of energy to maintain its nonequilibrium state. Cells maintain a low-entropy state by increasing the entropy of their surroundings. Aerobic organisms cannot survive in the absence of O2, whereas anaerobic organisms can live only in the absence of O2. Green plants and algae are phototrophs, which extract energy from the environment through a process called photosynthesis, the photochemical reduction of CO2 to a reduced carbon compound. Other species, called chemotrophs, extract energy from chemical compounds. One of the main processes chemotrophs use to obtain energy is respiration, which is the reverse of photosynthesis. Alternatively, some chemotrophs obtain energy byfermentation, in which an organic compound is both the oxidant and the reductant. Intermediates used by organisms to shuttle electrons between the reductant and the oxidant include NAD+ and NADH. Energy from the oxidation of nutrients is made available to cells through the synthesis of ATP, the energy currency of the cell. Its energy is used by cells to synthesize substances through coupled reactions and to perform work. The body stores energy as sugars, protein, or fats before using it to produce ATP. Q: What do chemotrophs extract energy from? Choices: - liquid compounds - carbon compounds - fatty compounds - chemical compounds A:
A: chemical compounds
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: All matter is made of tiny particles. Protons, neutrons, and electrons form atoms that bond together to create molecules. Atoms are the smallest units that have the properties of an element. Molecules are the smallest units of a compound. Chemical bonds hold molecules together. Molecules form the different types of minerals. The silicates make up most of Earth's crust. Minerals come together to create the three major rock types. They are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooled magma. Sedimentary rocks form from compacted or cemented sediments. Metamorphic rocks are those that have been altered by heat and pressure. These three rock types are the material part of the rock cycle. They are connected by different processes. Different processes convert any type of rock into any other type of rock. These processes are weathering and erosion, crystallization, and burial and pressure, among others. Each rock contains a story of how it formed. For most rocks it is possible to know what it formed from. Q: The smallest units of matter that retain the unique properties of an element are known as what? Choices: - protons - molecules - neutrons - atoms A:
Answer: atoms
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: The bacteria that make food from chemicals are also primary producers. These organisms do not do photosynthesis since there is no light at the vents. They do something called chemosynthesis. They break down chemicals to make food. Q: What is the process bacteria use to break down chemicals into food? Choices: - biosynthesis - gametogenesis - cellular respiration - chemosynthesis A:
**Answer**
chemosynthesis
(Question)
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What do animals observe in others to help solve problems? Choices: - communication - function - patterns - behavior A:
(Answer)
behavior