Q: The fossil record shows that this type of event is followed by the evolution of new species to fill the habitats where old species lived? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: After each mass extinction, new species evolve to fill the habitats where old species lived. This is well documented in the fossil record. Choices: - minor extinction - moderate extinction - formation extinction - mass extinction A:
mass extinction
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Q: What two-word term refers to the number of different species in the community? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Choices: - bacteria richness - group-richness - face-richness - species richness A:
species richness
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Q: Depending on a tumor's location, for example, cancer surgeons may be unable to remove it. radiation and chemotherapy are difficult, and it is often impossible to target only the cancer cells. the treatments inevitably destroy this? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Cancer treatments vary depending on the disease's type and stage. Traditional approaches, including surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy, aim to remove or kill rapidly dividing cancer cells, but these strategies have their limitations. Depending on a tumor's location, for example, cancer surgeons may be unable to remove it. Radiation and chemotherapy are difficult, and it is often impossible to target only the cancer cells. The treatments inevitably destroy healthy tissue as well. To address this, researchers are working on pharmaceuticals that can target specific proteins implicated in cancer-associated molecular pathways. Choices: - carcinogens - fertility - host cells - healthy cells A:
healthy cells
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Q: Specialized features of populations of galapagos finches inspired what theory? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Demonstrations of evolution by natural selection can be time consuming. One of the best demonstrations has been in the very birds that helped to inspire the theory, the Galapagos finches. Peter and Rosemary Grant and their colleagues have studied Galapagos finch populations every year since 1976 and have provided important demonstrations of the operation of natural selection. The Grants found changes from one generation to the next in the beak shapes of the medium ground finches on the Galapagos island of Daphne Major. The medium ground finch feeds on seeds. The birds have inherited variation in the bill shape with some individuals having wide, deep bills and others having thinner bills. Large-billed birds feed more efficiently on large, hard seeds, whereas smaller billed birds feed more efficiently on small, soft seeds. During 1977, a drought period altered vegetation on the island. After this period, the number of seeds declined dramatically: the decline in small, soft seeds was greater than the decline in large, hard seeds. The large-billed birds were able to survive better than the small-billed birds the following year. The year following the drought when the Grants measured beak sizes in the much-reduced population, they found that the average bill size was larger (Figure 11.4). This was clear evidence for natural selection (differences in survival) of bill size caused by the availability of seeds. The Grants had studied the inheritance of bill sizes and knew that the surviving large-billed birds would tend to produce offspring with larger bills, so the selection would lead to evolution of bill size. Subsequent studies by the Grants have demonstrated selection on and evolution of bill size in this species in response to changing conditions on the island. The evolution has occurred both to larger bills, as in this case, and to smaller bills when large seeds became rare. Choices: - evolution by isolation - evolution by force - evolution by reaction - evolution by natural selection A:
evolution by natural selection
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