In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

Ex Input:
we answer the certified question in the negative, quash the district court's opinion, and disapprove gellert to the extent of conflict with this opinion, but we approve the result of the instant case.

Ex Output:
overruling

Ex Input:
we disapprove britton, supra, 156 cal.app.3d 689, sedillo, supra, 135 cal.app.3d 616, and palmquist, supra, 123 cal.app.3d 1, to the extent they suggest otherwise.

Ex Output:
overruling

Ex Input:
because the decision arguably departs from this circuit's prior decision in united states ex rel. starr v. mulligan, 59 f.2d 200 (2d cir. 1932), and explicitly overrules united states v. brothman, 191 f.2d 70 (2d cir. 1951), this opinion has been circulated among the active members of the court.

Ex Output:
overruling