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SECTION 1. ANTITRUST EXEMPTIONS.

(a) Study.--The Comptroller General shall conduct a study of the
legal requirements and policies followed by the Department in deciding
whether to approve international alliances under section 41309 of title
49, United States Code, and grant exemptions from the antitrust laws
under section 41308 of such title in connection with such international
alliances.
(b) Issues To Be Considered.--In conducting the study under
subsection (a), the Comptroller General, at a minimum, shall examine
the following:
(1) Whether granting exemptions from the antitrust laws in
connection with international alliances has resulted in public
benefits, including an analysis of whether such benefits could
have been achieved by international alliances not receiving
exemptions from the antitrust laws.
(2) Whether granting exemptions from the antitrust laws in
connection with international alliances has resulted in reduced
competition, increased prices in markets, or other adverse
effects.
(3) Whether international alliances that have been granted
exemptions from the antitrust laws have implemented pricing or
other practices with respect to the hub airports at which the
alliances operate that have resulted in increased costs for
consumers or foreclosed competition by rival (nonalliance) air
carriers at such airports.
(4) Whether increased network size resulting from
additional international alliance members will adversely affect
competition between international alliances.
(5) The areas in which immunized international alliances
compete and whether there is sufficient competition among
immunized international alliances to ensure that consumers will
receive benefits of at least the same magnitude as those that
consumers would receive if there were no immunized
international alliances.
(6) The minimum number of international alliances that is
necessary to ensure robust competition and benefits to
consumers on major international routes.
(7) Whether the different regulatory and antitrust
responsibilities of the Secretary and the Attorney General with
respect to international alliances have created any significant
conflicting agency recommendations, such as the conditions
imposed in granting exemptions from the antitrust laws.
(8) Whether, from an antitrust standpoint, requests for
exemptions from the antitrust laws in connection with
international alliances should be treated as mergers, and
therefore be exclusively subject to a traditional merger
analysis by the Attorney General and be subject to advance
notification requirements and a confidential review process
similar to those required under section 7A of the Clayton Act
(15 U.S.C. 18a).
(9) Whether the Secretary should amend, modify, or revoke
any exemption from the antitrust laws granted by the Secretary
in connection with an international alliance.
(c) Report.--Not later than one year after the date of enactment of
this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit to the Secretary of
Transportation, the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of
the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Commerce, Science,
and Transportation of the Senate a report on the results of the study
under subsection (a), including any recommendations of the Comptroller
General as to whether there should be changes in the authority of the
Secretary under title 49, United States Code, or policy changes that
the Secretary can implement administratively, with respect to approving
international alliances and granting exemptions from the antitrust laws
in connection with such international alliances.
(d) Adoption of Recommended Policy Changes.--Not later than one
year after the date of receipt of the report under subsection (c), and
after providing notice and an opportunity for public comment, the
Secretary shall issue a written determination as to whether the
Secretary will adopt the policy changes, if any, recommended by the
Comptroller General in the report or make any other policy changes with
respect to approving international alliances and granting exemptions
from the antitrust laws in connection with such international
alliances.
(e) Sunset Provision.--
(1) In general.--An exemption from the antitrust laws
granted by the Secretary on or before the last day of the 3-
year period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act in
connection with an international alliance, including an
exemption granted before the date of enactment of this Act,
shall cease to be effective after such last day unless the
exemption is renewed by the Secretary.
(2) Timing for renewals.--The Secretary may not renew an
exemption under paragraph (1) before the date on which the
Secretary issues a written determination under subsection (d).
(3) Standards for renewals.--The Secretary shall make a
decision on whether to renew an exemption under paragraph (1)
based on the policies of the Department in effect after the
Secretary issues a written determination under subsection (d).
(f) Definitions.--In this section, the following definitions apply:
(1) Exemption from the antitrust laws.--The term
''exemption from the antitrust laws'' means an exemption from
the antitrust laws granted by the Secretary under section 41308
of title 49, United States Code.
(2) Immunized international alliance.--The term ''immunized
international alliance'' means an international alliance for
which the Secretary has granted an exemption from the antitrust
laws.
(3) International alliance.--The term ''international
alliance'' means a cooperative agreement between an air carrier
and a foreign air carrier to provide foreign air transportation
subject to approval or disapproval by the Secretary under
section 41309 of title 49, United States Code.
(4) Department.--The term ''Department'' means the
Department of Transportation.
(5) Secretary.--The term ''Secretary'' means the Secretary
of Transportation.
Output:
Directs the Comptroller General to study legal requirements and policies followed by the Department of Transportation in deciding whether to: (1) approve cooperative agreements between an air carrier and a foreign air carrier (international alliances) to provide foreign air transportation; and (2) exempt such alliances from the U.S. antitrust laws.

Requires: (1) the Comptroller General to report to the Secretary and Congress study results, including any recommendations for authority or policy changes with respect to approving such alliances and granting such exemptions; and (2) the Secretary to issue a determination, after public comment, whether such changes will be adopted.