In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

[EX Q]: Context: Eradication of Helicobacter pylori is not routinely recommended for the symptomatic relief and the prevention of gastric cancer in patients with functional dyspepsia. The present study investigated a useful indicator of H. pylori eradication in such patients by determining the optimal cutoff value of a 13C-urea breath test (UBT).', 'One hundred dyspeptic patients participated in the study. Dyspepsia was scored, and a 13C-UBT administered. A level of delta 13C-UBT of>4 per thousand was diagnosed as H. pylori-positive. After the stomach was endoscopically sprayed with phenol red, biopsy specimens were taken from the antrum, body and cardia of the stomach for the assessment of H. pylori density, and activity (neutrophil infiltration) and degree (lymphocyte infiltration) of gastritis.', 'Correlation between delta 13C-UBT and dyspepsia score was not found. Delta 13C-UBT significantly correlated with H. pylori density score in the total stomach (r = 0.53, P < 0.0001), neutrophil (r = 0.34, P = 0.0005) and lymphocyte score (r = 0.69, P < 0.0001). Twenty-six of the 100 subjects had a neutrophil score of >or=4, lymphocyte score of >or=4, and H. pylori score of >or=4. Their 95% confidence interval of mean was 58.2 per thousand, which reflects moderate to marked acute and chronic gastritis, and dense H. pylori colonization.\Question: Is delta ( 13 ) C-urea breath test value a useful indicator for Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with functional dyspepsia?
[EX A]: The 13C-UBT is a reliable semiquantitative test to assess H. pylori density and the activity and degree of gastritis. It is proposed that H. pylori eradication therapy might be beneficial for patients with functional dyspepsia with a delta 13C-UBT of >58.2 per thousand.

[EX Q]: Context: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for periodontal disease and affects various cellular functions. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) play an important role in periodontal tissue regeneration; however, the effect of hyperglycemia on PDLSCs is unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate whether hyperglycemia affects periodontal tissue regeneration, using human PDLSCs and high-glucose medium as a model of DM.', 'PDLSCs were obtained from healthy adult human mandibular third molars. Cell proliferation, osteoblastic differentiation, and proinflammatory cytokine expression were investigated by culturing PDLSCs in media supplemented with four different glucose concentrations representative of control patients (5.5 mM), patients with postprandial or controlled DM (8.0 mM), and patients with uncontrolled DM (12.0 and 24.0 mM). The molecular effects of hyperglycemia on PDLSC physiology were examined with a focus on the nuclear factor (NF)-(B signaling pathway. The involvement of NF-B was investigated with a specific NF-B inhibitor in PDLSCs under hyperglycemic conditions.', 'High glucose levels inhibited PDLSC proliferation and differentiation into osteoblasts but induced NF-B activation and subsequent interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 expression. Treatment with an NF-B inhibitor rescued the defects in cell proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation and inhibited the IL-6 expression caused by the high-glucose environment.\Question: Do high Glucose Concentrations Suppress the Proliferation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells and Their Differentiation Into Osteoblasts?
[EX A]: The results of this study demonstrate that hyperglycemia inhibits human PDLSC proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation.

[EX Q]: Context: To determine the association between vision and hearing impairment and subsequent cognitive and functional decline in community-residing older women.', 'Prospective cohort study.', 'Four metropolitan areas of the United States.', 'A total of 6,112 women aged 69 and older participating in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) between 1992 and 1994.', 'Five thousand three hundred forty-five participants had hearing measured, 1,668 had visual acuity measured, and 1,636 had both measured. Visual impairment was defined as corrected vision worse than 20/40. Hearing impairment was defined as the inability to hear a tone of 40 dB or greater at 2,000 hertz. Participants completed the modified Mini-Mental State Examination and/or a functional status assessment at baseline and follow-up. Cognitive and functional decline were defined as the amount of decline from baseline to follow-up that exceeded the observed average change in scores by at least 1 standard deviation.', 'About one-sixth (15.7%) of the sample had cognitive decline; 10.1% had functional decline. In multivariate models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and chronic conditions, vision impairment at baseline was associated with cognitive (odds ratio (OR)=1.78, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.21-2.61) and functional (OR=1.79, 95% CI=1.15-2.79) decline. Hearing impairment was not associated with cognitive or functional decline. Combined impairment was associated with the greatest odds for cognitive (OR=2.19, 95% CI=1.26-3.81) and functional (OR=1.87, 95% CI=1.01-3.47) decline.\Question: Do vision impairment and combined vision and hearing impairment predict cognitive and functional decline in older women?
[EX A]:
Sensory impairment is associated with cognitive and functional decline in older women. Studies are needed to determine whether treatment of vision and hearing impairment can decrease the risk for cognitive and functional decline.