Q: As you listen, you can ask the patient to take a deep breath if you cannot hear breath sounds or if they are too quiet to determine if there are any abnormalities. Listen to the patient's lungs in the upper and lower lobes, and on the front and back of the patient. As you listen place the stethoscope on the upper part of the chest, then the midclavicular line of the chest, and then the bottom part of the chest. Make sure to listen to the front and back of all of these regions. Make sure to compare both sides of your patient's lungs and note if anything is abnormal. By covering all of these positions you will be able to listen to all of the lobes of your patient's lungs. Normal breath sounds are clear, like listening to someone blowing air into a cup. Listen to a sample of healthy lungs and then compare the sounds to what you hear in your patient's lungs. There are two types of normal breath sounds: Bronchial breath sounds are those heard within the tracheobronchial tree. Vesicular breath sounds are those heard over the lung tissue. Abnormal breath sounds include wheezing, stridor, rhonchi, and rales. If you do not hear any breath sounds, the patient may have air or fluid around the lungs, thickness around the chest wall, or airflow that is slowed down or over inflation to the lungs. There are four types of abnormal breath sounds: Wheezing sounds like a high pitched sound when the person exhales, and sometimes when they inhale as well. Many patients who have asthma also have wheezes, and sometimes you can even hear the wheezing without a stethoscope. Stridor sounds like high-pitched musical breathing, similar to wheezing, heard most often when the patient inhales. Stridor is caused by a blockage in the back of the throat. This sound can also often be heard without a stethoscope. Rhonchi sounds like snoring. Rhonchi cannot be heard without a stethoscope and happens because the air is following a "rough" path through the lungs or because it is blocked. Rales sounds like popping bubble wrap or rattling in the lungs. Rales can be heard when a person inhales.
A: Ask your patient to sit straight up and breathe normally. Use the diaphragm of your stethoscope to listen to your patient's lungs. Listen for normal breath sounds. Listen for abnormal breath sounds.

Q: Use an actual fishing hook, such as a barbed hook, or improvise a hook out of whatever you have available. Tie it to a piece of fishing line or to an improvised line. You can improvise a hook from many things such as paper clips, safety pins, sewing needles, and even soda can tabs. If you don't have any actual fishing line, you can use thread from clothing, shoelaces, and vines or other sinewy plant material. Hook the bait or tie the lure onto the line. Use live bait, a store-bought bait or lure, or an improvised lure, depending on what you have available and what you want to catch. You can use live bait you find in the wild such as worms, minnows, and insects. To improvise a lure, you can use shiny metals or even colorful pieces of cloth. For example, worms work well for catching medium-large fish, such as bass, walleye, and trout. Powerbait is a store-bought alternative to worms for catching the same types of fish. Insects work well for catching smaller fish. Stand on the shore, on the edge of a dock, or sit near the side of a boat. Cast the line out far enough that it won't tangle on anything and let it sink and dangle in the water. Now you can either wait until you get a bite or slowly pull the line back in and repeat the process to try and attract fish. You might want to wear gloves to protect your hands from getting cut by the line. Give the line a sharp tug as soon as you feel a bite. This will hook the fish, then you can pull it in to you. Don't ever wrap the line around your hand or any part of yourself. A big fish could cause the line to give you a nasty cut. To reel the line in, pull it in hand-over-hand. In other words, always hold on to it with 1 hand, then release it with the other hand, and put that hand in front of the hand holding it. Imagine that you are climbing a rope and repeat this process to reel it in. You can spool the line around a thick stick or a can to create an improvised reel and help you reel the line in more easily.
A: Tie any hook you have available onto a piece of fishing line. Bait the hook with your bait of choice or a fishing lure. Drop the line into the water and let it sink. Tug on the line to set the hook when you get a bite, then pull the fish in.

Q: If you take your clothes out of the washer and see that there is lint on them, put them back in and wash them again. Do not use detergent for this second wash. After the cycle is done, take the clothes out, and shake them out to loosen any leftover lint. Dry the clothes in the dryer as you normally would.
A: Wash the clothes again, but without detergent.

Q: Low appetite is a common side effect of cancer treatments. Oftentimes, you may lack the appetite to finish a full meal all at once. You can try to combat this by eating smaller meals throughout the day. Eat about every 2 hours. Have small meals as well as snacks. Ask your doctor for a reasonable calorie count and try to break that down throughout your daily meals. Do not wait until you feel hungry as you might not notice hunger pains if you're feeling nauseous from treatment. Try to prepare meals and snacks ahead of time or have someone do so for you. It can be hard to make something to eat if you're not feeling well. Whenever you have the chance, add more calories to a dish. There are many ways to add a few hundred more calories to an existing meal: Use whole milk and cream over skim or fat free varieties. Use milk instead of water for canned soup and packet sauces. Add grated cheese to pasta, mashed potatoes, eggs, and other dishes. Use extra filling in sandwiches. Buy full fat dairy products. Serve vegetables with a heavy sauce. When trying to gain weight with cancer, you need to do so in a healthy manner. Nutrient dense foods have a lot of nutrients. While they tend to be low calorie, you can mix nutrient-dense foods with other high calorie options to help you gain weight and get necessary calories. Nutrient dense foods include: Fruits and vegetables Whole grains and whole wheats Seafood and lean poultry, like meats, beans, eggs, and nuts. If you're struggling to keep your appetite strong, try to make yourself the kinds of foods you really enjoy. Eating your favorite meals more often can help entice you to eat even if your appetite is poor. Try to cook foods you really enjoy and eat them on a regular basis.
A:
Eat small meals regularly. Opt to increase calories when possible. Seek nutrient dense foods. Eat your favorite foods more often.