Write an article based on this "Check the label for a nominal impedance rating. Set a multimeter to measure resistance. Remove the speaker from its cabinet or open the back of the cabinet. Cut off the power to the speaker. Connect the multimeter leads to the speaker terminals. Estimate the impedance from the resistance."
article: Most speaker manufacturers list an impedance rating on the speaker label or the packaging. This "nominal" impedance rating (usually 4, 8, or 16 ohms) is an estimate of the minimum impedance for typical audio ranges. This usually occurs at a frequency between 250 and 400 Hz. The actual impedance is fairly close to this value within this range, and rises slowly as you increase the frequency. Below this range, the impedance changes rapidly, peaking at the resonant frequency of the speaker and its enclosure. Some speaker labels display an actual, measured impedance for a specific listed impedance. To give you an idea of what these frequencies mean, most bass tracks fall between 90 and 200 Hz, while "chest thumping" sub bass can be as low as 20 Hz. The midrange, including the majority of non-percussion instruments and voices, covers 250 Hz to 2kHz. A multimeter sends out a small DC current to measure resistance. Since impedance is a quality of AC circuits, this will not measure impedance directly. However, this approach will get you close enough for most home audio setups. (For example, you can easily distinguish between a 4 ohm and 8 ohm speaker this way.) Use the lowest range resistance setting. This is 200 for many multimeters, but a multimeter with a lower setting (20) may give more accurate results. If there is only one setting for resistance, your multimeter is auto-ranging, and will find the correct range automatically. Too much DC current can damage or destroy the voice coil of a speaker. The risk is low here, since most multimeters only produce a small current. If you're dealing with a loose speaker with no connections or speaker box, then there is nothing you need to do here. Any power running to the speaker will ruin your measurement, and could fry your multimeter. Turn off the power. If the wires connected to the terminal are not soldered on, detach them. Do not remove any wires connected directly to the speaker cone. Look closely at the terminals and determine which is positive and which is negative. There is often a "+" and a "-" sign to identify them. Connect the multimeter's red probe to the positive side, and the black probe to the negative side. Typically, the resistance reading should be roughly 15% less than the nominal impedance on the label. For example, it's normal for an 8-ohm speaker to have a resistance between 6 or 7 ohms. The majority of loudspeakers have a nominal impedance of 4, 8, or 16 ohms. Unless you get a strange result, it's safe to assume your speaker has one of these impedance values for the purpose of pairing it with an amplifier.

Write an article based on this "Talk with your parents. Visit your doctor. Complete a medical assessment. Treat any medical conditions."
article: If you are having difficulty getting enough sleep, talk with your parents about the problem because they may be able to help you. For example, your entire family could focus on developing good sleep habits. If everyone in the house is trying to get more sleep it may help you sleep better as well. Ask your parents if you can dim all the lights in your house or apartment around bedtime. This will help signal to your body that it is time for sleep. Similarly, the whole family could try turning off all technology after 9 pm. The lack of distractions will help everyone begin to wind down and prepare for bedtime. In some instances, a lack of sleep could be a result of an underlying medical issue. If you are struggling to get enough sleep and it is impacting your ability to concentrate during the day, you should seek medical attention. For example, perhaps you are suffering from chronic insomnia, sleep apnea, narcolepsy, reflux, periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD), or restless legs syndrome (RLS). Explain to your doctor how much sleep you get each night, and how you constantly feel tired and drained of energy. You should also explain where your sleep issues come from. For example, do you have trouble falling asleep at night? Do you wake up throughout the night as a result of bad dreams or difficulty breathing? Do you nod off in the middle of school? In order to diagnose an underlying health or sleep issue, your doctor will likely complete a number of medical assessments. For instance, they may evaluate your overall health and sleep habits, ask about your family medical history, and inquire about any medication you are taking. This assessment will help your doctor determine the type of treatment necessary for your particular situation. If your doctor discovers that there is an underlying medical condition, such as sleep apnea or insomnia, they may provide you with treatment options. Depending on the issue, you may be treated with medication, light therapy, or other sleep techniques. Be sure to follow all instructions and tips provided by your doctor.

Write an article based on this "Figure out all of your guaranteed monthly income, and how much it adds up to. Track your expenses each month with receipts or online apps. Break your expenses down into fixed, essential, and non-essential to make sense of what you absolutely must buy. Determine how much free money you have by subtracting expenses from income. Split the rest of your money into broad categories to help you spend wisely. Repeat this record-keeping every month to find potential issues or savings before they surprise you."
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Successfully living on a limited income is all about making the most of everything you've got. So you need to know what exactly you have available. You only want to add up the income that you know, without any doubt, that you will be receiving each month. While you get overtime, tips, or bonuses, don't account for them here -- if they all turned up empty, you need to know that you can live on your guaranteed income alone. Write this number down as "monthly income." Keep all of your receipts to get an accurate picture of your spending habits. Luckily, modern technology has made this easier than ever, as you can log-in online to see your bank and credit card activity. Most banks even break this up by type of spending as well, such as "Food/Groceries," "Gas," or "Rent." Apps like Mint, Mvelopes, and HomeBudget, sync with your financial accounts and provide graphs of your spending each week. If you spend cash, keep the receipt and make a note of what you bought. Write this number down as "monthly expenses" Some things, like rent, are due every month no matter what. There are some expenses, like food, that change a bit but cannot be cut much shorter. But there are other expenses that, with hindsight, you realize you didn't need to spend. Putting your expenses into these categories helps you analyze places to save money. If you can, average the expenses from a few months to get a more accurate number. Fixed Expenses: Do not change month to month, but are due every single month. Including rent, car/loan payments, etc. Essential Expenses: These can't be avoided -- food, transportation, utilities -- but can potentially be cut down through careful budgeting and saving. Non-Essential Expenses: This is your entertainment, fun, and everything else fund. More often than not this is where you will be able to save the most money. This is the amount of leftover money you have. Add back in the money from "Non-Essential Expenses" to determine the amount of money you have left after essential bills are paid. Now you know exactly how much free money you can spend every month and still live and pay rent. Once you know your expenses and your income, you know how much money you should have left for entertainment, debts, and savings. Figure out what you plan to spend on each category now to see how feasible each month will be. Entertainment: Everyone deserves to have fun, no matter how much money they make. Having low income doesn't mean you don't get to enjoy yourself. However, you need to be careful about spending your limited income. Having an "entertainment budget" will help. Debt and Loan Payments: Debt adds up quickly, and the faster you pay it off the more money you ultimately save. You should always have an eye on paying off debt with spare money. Whenever possible, pay more than the "minimum payment." to avoid growing interest Savings Accounts: Even low-income workers need to save -- as it is an essential safeguard in case of an emergency like a layoff or injury. You want at least three months of expenses covered, if not six. The enemies of a good personal budget are surprises. You cannot do this once and get a perfect budget, and you may find that you can spend or save more than you thought with practice. When you are living on a limited income, you need to keep an eye on your money regularly. At the end of the month, compare how you did in reality to how you planned in your budget. Find the places where there were differences and think about how you can fix it.