INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Start the footnote with the name of the person interviewed. Type their first and last name, followed by a comma. If the person is unknown, provide a description of their significance in parentheses following their name. Identify the source as an interview, and give the name of the interviewer (or "author," if you conducted the interview yourself). Follow this information with a comma, then provide other information, such as the date of the interview. End your footnote with a period. Live interview example: Nick Kringle (retired department store Santa), interview with author, November 14, 2018. Written interview example: Maria Melina (former nun), email message to author, October 2, 2018. List the last name of the person interviewed, then a comma, then their first name. Place a period after the person's name. Example: Waits, Tom. If the person is not commonly known, include identifying information after their name in parentheses. Place a period after the closing parentheses. For example: Rodriguez, Carrie (acoustic guitarist). After the name of the person interviewed, type the words "Interview by" and then the name of the person who conducted the interview, with their first name followed by their last name. Place a period after their last name. Example: Waits, Tom. Interview by Terry Gross. If the interview itself has a title, type that in quotation marks. Place a period at the end of the title, inside the closing quotation marks. Then type the name of the publication in italics. In the case of a broadcast interview, use the name of the show. Place a period, then type the name of the station. Add another period, then type the date the interview aired or was published in month-day-year format. Place a period after the date. Example: Waits, Tom. Interview by Terry Gross. "Tom Waits: The Fresh Air Interview: NPR." Fresh Air from WHYY. National Public Radio. October 31, 2011. If a transcript, video, or audio recording of the video is available online, add the full direct URL or permalink to the end of your bibliography entry. Place a period at the end of the URL. Example: Waits, Tom. Interview by Terry Gross. "Tom Waits: The Fresh Air Interview: NPR." Fresh Air from WHYY. National Public Radio. October 31, 2011. http://www.npr.org/2011/10/31/141657227/tom-waits-the-fresh-air-interview. The in-text footnote includes the same information as the bibliography entry. However, elements are separated with commas instead of with periods. Additionally, type the name of the interviewed person in first name-last name format. Example: Tom Waits, interview by Terry Gross, "Tom Waits: The Fresh Air Interview: NPR," National Public Radio, October 31, 2011, http://www.npr.org/2011/10/31/141657227/tom-waits-the-fresh-air-interview.

SUMMARY: Cite personal interviews using in-text footnotes only. Begin a bibliographic entry with the name of the person interviewed. Include the name of the interviewer. Provide publication information for the interview. Include a direct URL to the interview, if available. Alter the format for in-text footnotes to published interviews.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: To get started, you should master the three basic sounds of beatboxing: the classic kick drum {b}, the hi-hat {t}, and the classic snare drum {p} or {pf}. Practice combining the sounds into an 8-beat rhythm like this: { b t pf t / b t pf t } or { b t pf t / b b pf t }. Make sure to get the timing right. Start off slowly and build up speed later. The simplest way to make the classic kick drum is to say the letter "b." To make it sound louder and punchier, you need to do what is called a lip oscillation. This is where you let air vibrate through your lips - a bit like "blowing a raspberry." Once you can do this, you make a very short lip oscillation. Make the b sound as if you are saying b from the word bogus. This time, with your lips closed, let the pressure build up. You need to control the release of you lips just enough to let them vibrate for a short amount of time. Make a simple "ts" sound but have your teeth closed or lightly closed. Move the tip of your tongue forward behind your front teeth for a thin hat sound and to the traditional t position for a heavy hat sound. Breathe out for longer to create the open hat sound. You can also do successive hi-hats by making a "tktktktk" sound, using the mid-back of your tongue to make the "k" sound. You can make an open hi-hat sound by drawing out the breath in the "ts" hi-hat, so it's more like "tssss" for a more realistic open door sound. Another way of producing a realistic high-hat sound is to make a "ts" sound with your teeth clenched. The simplest way of making a classic snare sound is to say the letter 'p.' However, making a 'p' sound is too quiet. To make it louder you can do several things: the first is to make a lip oscillation. This is where you push the air out of your lips making them vibrate. The second is where you breathe out at the same time making a [ ph ] sound. To make the 'p' sound more interesting and more snare-like, most beatboxers add a second fricative (continuous) sound to the initial 'p' sound: pf ps psh bk. The variation {pf} is similar to the bass drum, only you use the very front of your lips instead of the side, and you tighten them more. Pull your lips in a bit so that your lips are sort of hidden, as if you had no teeth. Build up a little air pressure behind the hidden lips. Swing your lips out (not literally swing) and just before they return to their normal position (un-hidden), release the air with a 'p' sound. Immediately after you release the air and get the 'p' sound out, tighten your bottom lip up against your bottom teeth to make a "fff" sound.

SUMMARY:
Understand that there are many sounds to master. Practice the classic kick drum {b}. Next, try to duplicate the hi-hat {t}. Try successive or advanced hi-hats. Try to tackle the classic snare drum {p}.