Problem: East Fife secured the 2007-08 Scottish Third Division title after beating East Stirlingshire F.C. at Firs Park, Falkirk 3-0 on 15 March 2008. This gave them a points total of 74, 26 points ahead of Stranraer who could post the next best total in the league of 69 points if they were to win their remaining fixtures. This was East Fifes first league title for 60 years and their first piece of silverware since 1954. On 14 April 2009 their manager David Baikie resigned from his position. On 23 August 2011, the Fifers delivered an emphatic victory against Dunfermline Athletic F.C. of the Scottish Premier League in the Scottish League Cup. Then on 20 September 2011, East Fife recorded yet another cup shock, defeating SPL Aberdeen F.C. 7-6 on penalties, after a 3-3 draw, at Pittodrie Stadium, to advance to the quarter finals on the Scottish League Cup.

How many years passed between the resignation of David Baikie and the Fifers victory over Dunfermline Athletic F.C.?
Answer: 2

Problem: The Black Death had killed an estimated one-third of the population of France from its appearance in 1348. The concurrent Hundred Years' War slowed recovery. It would be the early 16th century before the population recovered to mid-14th century levels. With an estimated population of 11 million in 1400, 20 million in the 17th century, and 28 million in 1789, until 1795 France was the most populated country in Europe and the third most populous country in the world, behind only China and India. These demographic changes also led to a massive increase in urban populations, although on the whole France remained a profoundly rural country. Paris was one of the most populated cities in Europe . Other major French cities include Lyon, Rouen, Bordeaux, Toulouse, and Marseille. These centuries saw several periods of epidemics and crop failures due to wars and climatic change. Between 1693 and 1694, France lost 6% of its population. In the extremely harsh winter of 1709, France lost 3.5% of its population. In the past 300 years, no period has been so proportionally deadly for the French, both World Wars included.

Which three countries had the highest population in the world in 1795?
Answer: China

Problem: Further to the west, the Suez Canal was defended from Ottoman attacks in 1915 and 1916; in August, a German and Ottoman force was defeated at the Battle of Romani by the ANZAC Mounted Division and the 52nd Infantry Division. Following this victory, an Egyptian Expeditionary Force advanced across the Sinai Peninsula, pushing Ottoman forces back in the Battle of Magdhaba in December and the Battle of Rafa on the border between the Egyptian Sinai and Ottoman Palestine in January 1917. Russian armies generally had success in the Caucasus. Enver Pasha, supreme commander of the Ottoman armed forces, was ambitious and dreamed of re-conquering central Asia and areas that had been lost to Russia previously. He was, however, a poor commander. He launched an offensive against the Russians in the Caucasus in December 1914 with 100,000 troops, insisting on a frontal attack against mountainous Russian positions in winter. He lost 86% of his force at the Battle of Sarikamish.

Who lost 86% of his force at the Battle of Sarikamish?
Answer: Enver Pasha

Problem: In effect, investors are using availability heuristic to make decisions and subsequently, may be obstructing their own investment success. An investors lingering perceptions of a dire market environment may be causing them to view investment opportunities through an overly negative lens, making it less appealing to consider taking on investment risk, no matter how small the returns on perceived "safe" investments. To illustrate, Franklin Templetons annual Global Investor Sentiment Survey 1 asked individuals how they believed the S&P 500 Index performed in 2009, 2010 and 2011. 66 percent of respondents stated that they believed the market was either flat or down in 2009, 48 percent said the same about 2010 and 53 percent also said the same about 2011. In reality, the S&P 500 saw 26.5 percent annual returns in 2009, 15.1 percent annual returns in 2010 and 2.1 percent annual returns in 2011, meaning lingering perceptions based on dramatic, painful events are impacting decision-making even when those events are over.

How many percent more of respondents said the market was flat in 2009 than in 2011?
Answer:
13