TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
PROBLEM: Context: Cheese is a food derived from milk that is produced in a wide range of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein. It comprises proteins and fat from milk, usually the milk of cows, buffalo, goats, or sheep. During production, the milk is usually acidified, and adding the enzyme rennet causes coagulation. The solids are separated and pressed into final form. Some cheeses have molds on the rind or throughout. Most cheeses melt at cooking temperature., Milk is a pale liquid produced by the mammary glands of mammals. It is the primary source of nutrition for infant mammals (including humans who breastfeed) before they are able to digest other types of food. Early-lactation milk contains colostrum, which carries the mother's antibodies to its young and can reduce the risk of many diseases. It contains many other nutrients including protein and lactose., Rennet is a complex of enzymes produced in the stomachs of ruminant mammals. Chymosin, its key component, is a protease enzyme that curdles the casein in milk. This helps young mammals digest their mothers' milk. Rennet can also be used to separate milk into solid curds for cheesemaking and liquid whey. In addition to chymosin, rennet contains other important enzymes such as pepsin and a lipase., The domestic goat ("Capra aegagrus hircus") is a subspecies of goat domesticated from the wild goat of southwest Asia and Eastern Europe., In computer science, ACID ("Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability") is a set of properties of database transactions. In the context of databases, a single logical operation on the data is called a transaction. For example, a transfer of funds from one bank account to another, even involving multiple changes such as debiting one account and crediting another, is a single transaction., The sheep ("Ovis aries") is a quadrupedal, ruminant mammal typically kept as livestock. Like all ruminants, sheep are members of the order Artiodactyla, the even-toed ungulates. Although the name "sheep" applies to many species in the genus "Ovis", in everyday usage it almost always refers to "Ovis aries". Numbering a little over one billion, domestic sheep are also the most numerous species of sheep. An adult female sheep is referred to as a "ewe", an intact male as a "ram" or occasionally a "tup", a castrated male as a "wether", and a younger sheep as a "lamb"., A grater ( also known as a shredder ) is a kitchen utensil used to grate foods into fine pieces . It was invented by Francois Boullier in the 1540s , originally to grate cheese ., Proteins (or ) are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific three-dimensional structure that determines its activity., A kitchen utensil is a hand-held, typically small tool or utensil that is used in the kitchen, for food-related functions. A cooking utensil is a utensil used in the kitchen for cooking. Other names for the same thing, or subsets thereof, derive from the word "ware", and describe kitchen utensils from a merchandising (and functional) point of view: kitchenware, wares for the kitchen; ovenware and bakeware, kitchen utensils that are for use inside ovens and for baking; cookware, merchandise used for cooking; and so forth., Fat is one of the three main macronutrients, along with carbohydrate and protein. Fats, also known as triglycerides, are esters of three fatty acid chains and the alcohol glycerol., Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts. Enzymes accelerate, or catalyze, chemical reactions. The molecules at the beginning of the process upon which enzymes may act are called substrates and the enzyme converts these into different molecules, called products. Almost all metabolic processes in the cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life. The set of enzymes made in a cell determines which metabolic pathways occur in that cell. The study of enzymes is called "enzymology"., Casein (or , from Latin "caseus", "cheese") is the name for a family of related phosphoproteins (S1, S2, , ). These proteins are commonly found in mammalian milk, making up 80% of the proteins in cow's milk and between 20% and 45% of the proteins in human milk.
Casein has a wide variety of uses, from being a major component of cheese, to use as a food additive, to a binder for safety matches. As a food source, casein supplies amino acids, carbohydrates, and the two inorganic elements calcium and phosphorus., A tool is any physical item that can be used to achieve a goal, especially if the item is not consumed in the process. Tool use by humans dates back millions of years, and other animals are also known to employ simple tools., A mold (US) or mould is a fungus that grows in the form of multicellular filaments called "hyphae". In contrast, fungi that can adopt a single-celled growth habit are called yeasts., Subject: grater, Relation: subclass_of, Options: (A) alcohol (B) amino acid (C) being (D) calcium (E) carbohydrate (F) cheese (G) coagulation (H) computer (I) cooking (J) dna (K) fat (L) female (M) food (N) goat (O) growth (P) habit (Q) human (R) key (S) kitchen utensil (T) latin (U) liquid (V) location (W) milk (X) mold (Y) name (Z) order ([) ovis aries (\) pale (]) pathways (^) process (_) protein (') rates (a) science (b) sequence (c) set (d) single (e) solid (f) species (g) study (h) temperature (i) tool (j) transfer (k) variety (l) word

SOLUTION: tool

PROBLEM: Context: SEAT, S.A. ("Sociedad Espanola de Automoviles de Turismo") is a Spanish automobile manufacturer with its head office in Martorell, Spain. It was founded on May 9, 1950, by the "Instituto Nacional de Industria" (INI), a state-owned industrial holding company., Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. As the world's fifth-largest country by both area and population, it is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of . It borders all other South American countries except Ecuador and Chile and covers 47.3% of the continent's land area. Its Amazon River basin includes a vast tropical forest, home to diverse wildlife, a variety of ecological systems, and extensive natural resources spanning numerous protected habitats. This unique environmental heritage makes Brazil one of 17 megadiverse countries, and is the subject of significant global interest and debate regarding deforestation and environmental protection., Brasilia is the federal capital of Brazil and seat of government of the Federal District. The city is atop the Brazilian highlands in the country's center-western region. It was founded on April 21, 1960, to serve as the new national capital. Brasilia and its metro (encompassing the Federal District) had a population of 2,556,149 in 2011, making it Brazil's 4th most populous city. Among major Latin American cities, Brasilia has the highest GDP per capita at., A federal capital is a political entity, often a municipality or capital city, that enjoys status as a seat of government in a federal state. A federal capital is typically a city that physically encompasses the offices and meeting places of its respective government, where its location and relationship to subnational states are fixed by law or federal constitution. Federal capitals may or may not be considered states in themselves, and either exercise significant political autonomy from the federation or are directly ruled by the national government located within their premises, as federal districts., The Monumental Axis ( '' Eixo Monumental '' in Portuguese ) is a central avenue in Brasilia 's city design . The avenue begins on the National Congress of Brazil building and is considered part of the DF - 002 road . Its first section is known as '' Ministries Esplanade '' ( '' Esplanada dos Ministerios '' ) , as it is surrounded by ministries buildings . Many important government buildings , monuments and memorials are located on the Monumental Axis . A common urban legend persists that the Monumental Axis is the widest road in the world , where '' ( 100 to 160 ) cars can drive side by side '' . This is untrue , as the road consists of two avenues with six lanes on either side ; a total of twelve lanes . However , the street has been featured in the Guinness Book of Records as having the widest central reservation of a dual carriageway in the world . On April 21 , 2008 , a year before they formally broke up , the Mexican pop group RBD performed a free concert to a crowd of 500,000 on the Monumental Axis during Empezar Desde Cero Tour 2008 . The show was to celebrate the 48th Anniversary of the founding of Brasilia . It was recorded and released as a DVD titled Live in Brasilia . The crowd in attendance was the largest for which the group had performed ., The Brazilian Highlands or Brazilian Plateau are an extensive geographical region, covering most of the eastern, southern and central portions of Brazil, in all approximately half of the country's land area, or some 4,500,000km (1,930,511 sq mi). In addition, the vast majority of Brazil's population (190,755,799; "2010 census") lives in the highlands or on the narrow coastal region immediately adjacent to it., Subject: monumental axis, Relation: located_in_the_administrative_territorial_entity, Options: (A) basin (B) brasilia (C) brazil (D) central (E) chile (F) ecuador (G) espanola (H) federal district (I) forest (J) most (K) of (L) spain (M) western region

SOLUTION: federal district

PROBLEM: Context: Praxiteles (Greek: , etymology: " he who finishes his works") of Athens, the son of Cephisodotus the Elder, was the most renowned of the Attic sculptors of the 4th century BC. He was the first to sculpt the nude female form in a life-size statue. While no indubitably attributable sculpture by Praxiteles is extant, numerous copies of his works have survived; several authors, including Pliny the Elder, wrote of his works; and coins engraved with silhouettes of his various famous statuary types from the period still exist., Philosophy (from Greek , "philosophia", literally "love of wisdom") is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. The term was probably coined by Pythagoras (c. 570 c. 495 BC). Philosophical methods include questioning, critical discussion, rational argument and systematic presentation. Classic philosophical questions include: Is it possible to know anything and to prove it? What is most real? However, philosophers might also pose more practical and concrete questions such as: Is there a best way to live? Is it better to be just or unjust (if one can get away with it)? Do humans have free will?, Athens ("Athina" ) is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, with its recorded history spanning over 3,400 years, and its earliest human presence starting somewhere between the 11th and 7th millennia BC. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state that emerged in conjunction with the seagoing development of the port of Piraeus, which had been a distinct city prior to its 5th century BC incorporation with Athens. A centre for the arts, learning and philosophy, home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum, it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy, largely because of its cultural and political impact on the European continent, and in particular the Romans. In modern times, Athens is a large cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic, financial, industrial, maritime, political and cultural life in Greece. In 2015, Athens was ranked the world's 29th richest city by purchasing power and the 67th most expensive in a UBS study., The Apollo Lyceus ( Greek : , Apolln Lukeios ) type , also known as Lycean Apollo , originating with Praxiteles and known from many full - size statue and figurine copies as well as from 1st century BCE Athenian coinage , is a statue type of Apollo showing the god resting on a support ( a tree trunk or tripod ) , his right forearm touching the top of his head and his hair fixed in braids on the top of a head in a haircut typical of childhood . It is called '' Lycean '' not after Lycia itself , but after its identification with a lost work described , though not attributed to a sculptor , by Lucian as being on show in the Lyceum , one of the gymnasia of Athens . According to Lucian , the god leaning on a support with his bow in his left hand and his right resting on his head is shown '' as if resting after long effort . '' Its main exemplar is the Apollino in Florence or Apollo Medici , in the Uffizi , Florence . The attribution , based on the type 's '' elongated proportions , elegant pose and somewhat effeminate anatomy '' , as Brunilde Sismondo Ridgway characterised it , is traditionally supported on the grounds of the type 's similarity to Praxiteles 's Hermes from Olympia - one replica of the Lycian Apollo even passed as a copy of the Hermes for a time . The comparison essentially rests on the Apollino , whose head has proportions similar to those of the Aphrodite of Cnidus and whose pronounced sfumato confirms the long - held idea that it is Praxitelean in style , in spite of the many differences amomng the extant examples . Nevertheless , most exemplars of this type exhibit a pronounced musculature which does not resemble masculine types normally attributed to Praxiteles - it has further been proposed that it is a work of his contemporary Euphranor , or of a 2nd - century BCE work The Apollino , for its part , would thus be an eclectic creation from the Roman era , mixing several styles from the '' second classicism '' ( i.e. from the 4th century BC ) . The famous pose with the arm resting on the head was so thoroughly identified with Apollo that it was used for the Hadrianic sculpture of Antinous as Apollo at Leptis Magna . With the Hellenistic and Roman depictions of a youthful Dionysus typologically not always distinguishable from Apollo , the pose seems to have been inherited by Dionysus , as in the 2nd century CE Ludovisi Dionysus , a Roman sculpture . The pose is also used in the Amazon statue types , and its long - established conventional expression of lassitude identified Sleeping Ariadne as well ., The Lycian language was the language of the ancient Lycians of the region known as Lycia in Anatolia (present day Turkey), during the Iron Age., A kouros (plural kouroi) is the modern term given to free-standing ancient Greek sculptures which first appear in the Archaic period in Greece and represent nude male youths. In Ancient Greek "kouros" means "youth, boy, especially of noble rank". The term "kouros" was first proposed for what were previously thought to be depictions of Apollo by V. I. Leonardos in 1895 in relation to the youth from Keratea, and adopted by Henri Lechat as a generic term for the standing male figure in 1904. Such statues are found across the Greek-speaking world; the preponderance of these were found in sanctuaries of Apollo with more than one hundred from the sanctuary of Apollo Ptoios, Boeotia, alone. These free-standing sculptures were typically marble, but the form is also rendered in limestone, wood, bronze, ivory and terracotta. They are typically life-sized, though early colossal examples are up to 3 meters tall., Apollo (Attic, Ionic, and Homeric Greek: , "Apolln"; Doric: , "Apelln"; Arcadocypriot: , "Apeiln"; Aeolic: , "Aploun") is one of the most important and complex of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion and Greek and Roman mythology. The ideal of the "kouros" (a beardless, athletic youth), Apollo has been variously recognized as a god of music, truth and prophecy, healing, the sun and light, plague, poetry, and more. Apollo is the son of Zeus and Leto, and has a twin sister, the chaste huntress Artemis. Apollo is known in Greek-influenced Etruscan mythology as "Apulu"., Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt. It is one of six civilizations to arise independently. Egyptian civilization followed prehistoric Egypt and coalesced around 3150BC (according to conventional Egyptian chronology) with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh Narmer (commonly referred to as Menes). The history of ancient Egypt occurred in a series of stable kingdoms, separated by periods of relative instability known as Intermediate Periods: the Old Kingdom of the Early Bronze Age, the Middle Kingdom of the Middle Bronze Age and the New Kingdom of the Late Bronze Age., A silhouette is the image of a person, animal, object or scene represented as a solid shape of a single color, usually black, with its edges matching the outline of the subject. The interior of a silhouette is featureless, and the whole is typically presented on a light background, usually white, or none at all. The silhouette differs from an outline, which depicts the edge of an object in a linear form, while a silhouette appears as a solid shape. Silhouette images may be created in any visual artistic media, but was first used to describe pieces of cut paper, which were then stuck to a backing in a contrasting colour, and often framed., Lycia (Lycian: "Trmmis" ) was a geopolitical region in Anatolia in what are now the provinces of Antalya and Mula on the southern coast of Turkey, and Burdur Province inland. Known to history since the records of ancient Egypt and the Hittite Empire in the Late Bronze Age, it was populated by speakers of the Luwian language group. Written records began to be inscribed in stone in the Lycian language (a later form of Luwian) after Lycia's involuntary incorporation into the Achaemenid Empire in the Iron Age. At that time (546BC) the Luwian speakers were decimated, and Lycia received an influx of Persian speakers., Subject: lyceus, Relation: material_used, Options: (A) bronze (B) concrete (C) iron (D) limestone (E) marble (F) paper (G) stone

SOLUTION:
marble