Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Early in the development of a human fetus, the skeleton is made entirely of cartilage . The relatively soft cartilage gradually turns into hard bone through ossification . This is a process in which mineral deposits replace cartilage. As shown in Figure below , ossification of long bones, which are found in the arms and legs, begins at the center of the bones and continues toward the ends. By birth, several areas of cartilage remain in the skeleton, including growth plates at the ends of the long bones. This cartilage grows as the long bones grow, so the bones can keep increasing in length during childhood. Q: Soft cartilage gradually turns into hard bone through what process? A:

OPTIONS:
- oxidation
- elongation
- calcification
- ossification

A: ossification

input: OPTIONS:
- the Earth
- fossil fuels
- the Moon
- the sun Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The Sun produces far more energy than humans can use. The Sun is also the source of most of the energy we use. Fossil fuels and wind energy, for example, originate with the Sun. So why don't we get all our energy from the Sun? For one reason, it's not always practical. Q: What is the source of most of the energy used? A:
A:
output: the sun

Answer the following question given this paragraph: To begin mitosis, the DNA in the nucleus wraps around proteins to form chromosomes . Each organism has a unique number of chromosomes. In human cells, our DNA is divided up into 23 pairs of chromosomes. Replicated DNA forms a chromosome made from two identical sister chromatids , forming an "X" shaped molecule ( Figure below ). The two chromatids are held together on the chromosome by the centromere . The centromere is also where spindle fiber microtubules attach during mitosis. The spindles separate sister chromatids from each other. Q: What forms when the dna in the nucleus wraps around proteins? A:

OPTIONS:
- rna
- genes
- ribosomes
- chromosomes

Answer: chromosomes

Problem: OPTIONS:
- pollution insulators
- sunlight insulators
- warmth insulators
- thermal insulators
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Particles of gases are farther apart and have fewer collisions, so they are not good at transferring thermal energy. Materials that are poor thermal conductors are called thermal insulators . Figure below shows several examples. Fluffy yellow insulation inside the roof of a home is full of air. The air prevents the transfer of thermal energy into the house on hot days and out of the house on cold days. A puffy down jacket keeps you warm in the winter for the same reason. Its feather filling holds trapped air that prevents energy transfer from your warm body to the cold air outside. Solids like plastic and wood are also good thermal insulators. That's why pot handles and cooking utensils are often made of these materials. Q: What are materials that are poor thermal conductors called? A:
Answer: thermal insulators

Problem:OPTIONS:
- consumers to producers
- decomposers to producers
- refiners to consumers
- producers to consumers

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Food chains carry energy from producers (autotrophs) to consumers (heterotrophs). 99% of energy for life comes from the sun via photosynthesis. Note that only nutrients recycle. Energy must continue to flow into the system. Though this food chains "ends" with decomposers, do decomposers, in fact, digest matter from each level of the food chain? (See the Energy Transfer: Decomposers (Advanced) concept). Q: Food chains carry energy from what group to what group? A:
****
A: producers to consumers

Problem:OPTIONS:
- regulates it
- raises it
- increases it
- lowers it

Answer the following question given this paragraph: A solute generally lowers the freezing point of a solvent, which is called freezing point depression. For example, spreading salt on an icy road melts the ice. Q: A solute generally does what to the freezing point of a solvent? A:
****
A:
lowers it