Problem: Aristotle (; , , "Aristoteles"; 384322BC) was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist born in the city of Stagira, Chalkidice, on the northern periphery of Classical Greece. His father, Nicomachus, died when Aristotle was a child, whereafter Proxenus of Atarneus became his guardian. At seventeen or eighteen years of age, he joined Plato's Academy in Athens and remained there until the age of thirty-seven (c.347BC). His writings cover many subjects including physics, biology, zoology, metaphysics, logic, ethics, aesthetics, poetry, theater, music, rhetoric, linguistics, politics and government and constitute the first comprehensive system of Western philosophy. Shortly after Plato died, Aristotle left Athens and, at the request of Philip II of Macedon, tutored Alexander the Great beginning in 343BC.

Teaching Alexander the Great gave Aristotle many opportunities and an abundance of supplies. He established a library in the Lyceum which aided in the production of many of his hundreds of books, which were written on papyrus scrolls. The fact that Aristotle was a pupil of Plato contributed to his former views of Platonism, but, following Plato's death, Aristotle immersed himself in empirical studies and shifted from Platonism to empiricism. He believed all peoples' concepts and all of their knowledge was ultimately based on perception. Aristotle's views on natural sciences represent the groundwork underlying many of his works.
1. Who is the article about?
2. Who did he teach?
3. Which school did Aristotle go to?
4. Where was his library?
5. What are Plato's views called?
6. Did Aristotle follow Platonism all his life?
7. then what?
8. Upto what age was he at the school?
9. Who was his father?
10. Who was Aristotle?
11. What did he write his books on?
12. What age did he start school?
13. Who was his guardian?
14. What made him start studying empiricism?
15. Who requested he teach Alexander?
16. What are some subjects that he wrote about?
17. Where was he born?
18. where is that?
19. What does he believe knowledge is based on?
20. was his father alive when he was an adult?
Answer: 1. Aristotle
2. Alexander the Great
3. Plato's Academy
4. Lyceum
5. Platonism
6. No
7. empiricism
8. thirty-seven
9. Nicomachus
10. ancient Greek philosopher and scientist
11. papyrus scrolls
12. seventeen or eighteen
13. Proxenus of Atarneus
14. Plato's death
15. Philip II of Macedon
16. physics, biology, zoology, metaphysics, logic, ethics, aesthetics, poetry, theater, music, rhetoric, linguistics, politics and government
17. Stagira
18. Greece
19. perception
20. No

Problem: CHAPTER XI IN COMMAND OF A GALLEY

William Neave, the governor of the prison, looked astonished indeed when, upon his opening the door, the grand master and the bailiff of the English langue, with the twelve knights behind them, entered. He had been puzzled when, four days before, he had received an order from the grand master that Ahmet, a servitor in the auberge of the English langue, should be permitted to pass the night in his house, with authority to move freely and without question, at any hour, in the courtyard of the gaol, and to depart at any hour, secretly and without observation, by the private gate. Still more had he been surprised when he received the message that the grand master would pay him a secret visit at eleven o'clock at night.

"Let no word be spoken until we are in your apartments," D'Aubusson said in a low voice, as he entered. "But first lead four of these knights and post them so that none can enter the gaol from the house. If there are more than four doors or windows on that side, you must post a larger number. It is imperative that there shall be no communication whatever between your servants and the gaol."

As soon as this was done, the rest of the party were taken to the governor's rooms.

"I can now explain to you all," the grand master said, "the reason of our presence here. I have learned that at twelve tonight there will be a general rising of the slaves in this prison, and that, aided by treachery, they will free themselves from their fetters, overpower and slay such of the guards in their rooms as have not been bribed, throw open the gates, make their way down to the port, burn all the shipping there, and make off in the six galleys manned by them, having first overpowered the sentries in the three forts commanding the entrance, and spiked the guns."
1. who got a message that he would be visited by the grand master?
2. where did he work?
3. was he the governor there?
4. what he shocked when he opened his door?
5. how many days before that did he receive an order?
6. when was the grand master suppose to visit him?
7. what is his name?
8. did he tell neave to post four knights?
9. who was given authority to move around as they wished?
10. was he the bailiff?
11. what gate was he suppose to use?
12. who was going to start a riot in the prison?
13. were some of the guards bribed?
14. what would they burn at the port?
15. how would they leave?
16. were they going get by the sentries?
Answer: 1. William Neave
2. at the prison
3. yes
4. the grand master and the bailiff of the English langue, with the twelve knights behind them
5. four
6. eleven o'clock at night
7. D'Aubusson
8. yes
9. Ahmet
10. yes
11. the private gate
12. the slaves in this prison
13. no
14. all the shipping there
15. and make off in the six galleys manned by the shipping port
16. yes

Problem: This article covers numbered east-west streets in Manhattan, New York City. Major streets have their own linked articles; minor streets are discussed here. The streets do not run exactly eastwest, because the grid plan is aligned with the Hudson River rather than with the cardinal directions. "West" is approximately 29 degrees north of true west.

The numbered streets carry crosstown traffic. In general, even-numbered streets are one-way eastbound and odd-numbered streets are one-way west. Several exceptions reverse this. Most wider streets carry two-way traffic, as do a few of the narrow ones.

Streets' names change from West to East (for instance, East 10th Street to West 10th Street) at Broadway below 8th Street, and at Fifth Avenue from 8th Street and above.

Although the numbered streets begin just north of East Houston Street in the East Village, they generally do not extend west into Greenwich Village, which already had streets when the grid plan was laid out by the Commissioners' Plan of 1811. Streets that do continue farther west change direction before reaching the Hudson River. The grid covers the length of the island from 14th Street north.
1. in manhattan, what are the streets aligned to?
2. where do streets change from East to West?
3. how far off of true north is "west"
4. which direction do odd numbered streets go?
5. and even numbers?
6. what carries traffic across town?
7. do they extend into Greewich village?
8. what does the grid cover?
9. from what point?
10. why aren't Greewich streets numbered?
11. since when?
12. what dictated that?
Answer:
1. the Hudson River
2. at Broadway below 8th Street
3. 29 degrees north
4. one-way west
5. one-way eastbound
6. The numbered streets do
7. NO
8. the length of the island
9. 14th Street north
10. They already had streets when the grid plan was laid out
11. 1811
12. the Commissioners' Plan