Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

We investigated whether a computed tomography (CT)-based score could predict a large infarct ( 80 mL) on early diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI).', 'Acute stroke patients considered for endovascular therapy within 8 hours of the onset of symptoms were included. The Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) was determined on noncontrast CT and computed tomography angiography source images (CTA-SI). Limited collateral flow was defined as less than 50% collateral filling on CTA-SI.', 'Fifty-six patients were analyzed. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 20 (15-24) in the large infarct group and 16 (11-20) in the small infarct group (P = .049). ASPECTS on noncontrast CT and CTA-SI was 5 (3-8) and 3 (2-6) in the large infarct group and 9 (8-10) and 8 (7-9) in the small infarct group (both P < .001), respectively. Limited collateral flow was frequent in the large infarct group than in the small infarct group (92% vs. 11%, P < .001). Multivariate analysis found that CTA-SI ASPECTS less than or equal to 5 (odds ratio [OR], 40.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-1493.44; P = .044) and limited collateral flow (OR, 114.64; 95% CI, 1.93-6812.79; P = .023) were associated with a large infarct. Absence of ASPECTS less than or equal to 5 and limited collateral flow on CTA-SI predicted absence of a large infarct with a sensitivity of .89, specificity of 1.00, positive predictive value of 1.00, and negative predictive value of .71.
Do collateral flow and brain changes on computed tomography angiography predict infarct volume on early diffusion-weighted imaging?

To examine the relationship between sperm strict morphology and sperm chromatin integrity.', 'Prospective study.', 'Infertility clinic.', 'Eighty-seven consecutive semen samples from non-azoospermic men presenting for infertility evaluation and 6 samples from fertile donors.', 'Assessment of standard semen parameters and sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) parameters (%DFI [DNA fragmentation index] and %HDS [high DNA stainability]). Evaluation of %HDS and %DFI after treatment with dithiothreitol (a thiol-reducing agent used to decondense sperm nuclei) was also undertaken.', 'Relationship between sperm strict morphology defects and SCSA parameters (%DFI and %HDS).', 'We observed significant relationships between the percentage of normal sperm forms and both %HDS (r = -0.40) and sperm motility (r = 0.32). We also found significant relationships between sperm head defects and both %HDS (r = 0.40) and sperm concentration (r = -0.39). Sperm tail, midpiece, and neck defects were not significantly related to the SCSA parameters. Treatment of spermatozoa with dithiothreitol (to induce decondensation) resulted in a substantial increase in %HDS but no measurable change in %DFI.
Is sperm head morphology related to high deoxyribonucleic acid stainability assessed by sperm chromatin structure assay?

When given in conjunction with surgery for treating cancer, radiation therapy may result in impaired wound healing, which, in turn, could cause skin ulcers. In this study, bilayer and monolayer autologous skin substitutes were used to treat an irradiated wound.', 'A single dose of 30 Gy of linear electron beam radiation was applied to the hind limb of nude mice before creating the skin lesion (area of 78.6 mm). Monolayer tissue-engineered skin substitutes (MTESSs) were prepared by entrapping cultured keratinocytes in fibrin matrix, and bilayer tissue-engineered skin substitutes (BTESSs) were prepared by entrapping keratinocytes and fibroblasts in separate layers. Bilayer tissue-engineered skin substitute and MTESS were implanted to the wound area. Gross appearance and wound area were analyzed to evaluate wound healing efficiency. Skin regeneration and morphological appearance were observed via histological and electron microscopy. Protein expressions of transforming growth factor 1 (TGF-1), platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in skin regeneration were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC).', 'Macroscopic observation revealed that at day 13, treatments with BTESS completely healed the irradiated wound, whereas wound sizes of 1.1 0.05 and 6.8 0.14 mm were measured in the MTESS-treated and untreated control groups, respectively. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) analysis showed formation of compact and organized epidermal and dermal layers in the BTESS-treated group, as compared with MTESS-treated and untreated control groups. Ultrastructural analysis indicates maturation of skin in BTESS-treated wound evidenced by formation of intermediate filament bundles in the dermal layer and low intercellular space in the epidermal layer. Expressions of TGF-1, PDGF-BB, and VEGF were also higher in BTESS-treated wounds, compared with MTESS-treated wounds.
Does tissue-Engineered Skin Substitute enhance Wound Healing after Radiation Therapy?