Problem: Article: Based on the size and shape of the room, you will need to place the beds to get the most out of your space. Place beds parallel to each other in a square room. In a long room, place two beds lengthwise against the wall, because a long, narrow room fits the proportion of twin beds better than a square room. For a room that's L-shaped, put beds on opposite ends of the L shape to maximize privacy for the inhabitants. In a square room, keep space between the beds for a desk, and enough space on opposite sides for nightside stands. Include one dresser or wardrobe on the other side of the room across from the beds. Put two beds lengthwise against the wall in a long room. Twin beds will fit better in a long and narrow room together because this shape fits their proportions better than a square bedroom does. Include a small table, chest of drawers, bookshelf, or wardrobe between the beds to create privacy for each inhabitant. Put the two dressers next to each other against the longest wall of an L-shaped room. Place each desk against the wall parallel to each bed. Make sure you have enough room to walk around, open doors, and make the bed. The more you utilize the beds as storage space, the less clutter there will be. Put a storage bench, baskets or crates at the foot of each bed to store toys, books, and seasonal clothes. A storage bench would take up about a foot of space at the end of each bed. Some bed frames are designed with storage in mind, so buy one with compartments for keeping bins or baskets underneath. You can also consider headboard storage by utilizing bins or baskets to organize bedside necessities. Wall shelving above the bed also increases storage space. As its name suggests, a desk nightstand serves as both a desk and a bedside table for storing items. Take advantage of its surface area to store bedside essentials and for studying. As a desk, it has room for a small lamp, a pen cup, and a laptop computer. A desk nightstand may have a drawer or two to store phone rechargers and home office items. If there's no room for a decently-sized dresser, you can get creative with one or two clothing racks. Using shelves or a storage bench along the wall also maximizes space for shoes, towels, and spare bedding. One way to make use of wall space is to install a shelf with a rack attached to it, so you can hang clothes on the rack while putting whatever else you need on the shelf. A storage bench along the wall under the shelf and rack unit can hold folded clothes, more shoes, books, and toys.
Summary: Decide where you want to put furniture. Add storage units to the ends of the beds. Put combination desk nightstands next to the beds. Use wall space to hang clothing racks and shelves.

Problem: Article: This will help generate a preview of the textbook so that you can approach the reading with a sense of its structure and main points. Keep things like the end-of-chapter questions in mind as you complete your reading. On this read-through, don't take notes or do anything else; just read. You have two objectives in doing so. The first is to get a sense of the purpose of the chapter. Ask yourself: what is the author trying to convey in the chapter overall? Second, how does the author build the information or argument in the chapter? When you have a mental picture of these two questions, you can then begin taking notes that will benefit you in your study for exams and research papers. Don't rush this step! It can be tempting to just get done with your reading as soon as possible, but you are unlikely to retain information if you hurry through. Notes do not mean taking every word down verbatim. The art of note-taking involves discerning what is important and engaging with the material rather than just copying text out. The first thing to write down is the main point or argument that the author is conveying in the chapter. Do this in no more than three sentences. Then ask yourself how the author begins to make this point. This is where the major headings and subheadings help. Under each heading are paragraphs that make up the section of the chapter. Document the topic sentences that help build the argument in the section and chapter. Don't be afraid to write in your book. Annotating a textbook by writing notes, comments, and questions in the margins near relevant material can be invaluable when studying. Hand write your textbook notes. Handwriting your notes forces your brain to actually engage with the material as opposed to glossing over the material or mindlessly typing the same text into the computer. Go back through the chapter and list major theoretical concepts and properties key to understanding any technical elements of the chapter. Also list key terminology with corresponding definitions. Often, this information will be printed in bold, italics, or set apart in a box or with some other eye-catching method. Begin by summarizing the chapter and its main points in your own words. This will tell you where your knowledge gaps are. Ask yourself questions about what you've read and the notes you took: What question does this information answer? and How does this information relate to other things? are good places to start.
Summary:
Use the optimizing techniques first. Read the entire chapter through. Take notes on your reading. Create a list of concepts and terms. Create a study guide from your notes.