TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given an abstract of article. Your task is to generate title for this article. Preferred titles are under thirty words.
PROBLEM: The product of the gene mutated in Bloom's syndrome, BLM, is a 35 DNA helicase belonging to the highly conserved RecQ family. In addition to a conventional DNA strand separation activity, BLM catalyzes both the disruption of non-B-form DNA, such as G-quadruplexes, and the branch migration of Holliday junctions. Here, we have characterized a new activity for BLM: the promotion of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) annealing. This activity does not require Mg2+, is inhibited by ssDNA binding proteins and ATP, and is dependent on DNA length. Through analysis of various truncation mutants of BLM, we show that the C-terminal domain is essential for strand annealing and identify a 60 amino acid stretch of this domain as being important for both ssDNA binding and strand annealing. We present a model in which the ssDNA annealing activity of BLM facilitates its role in the processing of DNA intermediates that arise during repair of damaged replication forks.

SOLUTION: The Bloom's syndrome helicase promotes the annealing of complementary single-stranded DNA

PROBLEM: OBJECTIVE We investigated the outcome of repeated gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for local or remote recurrence after initial radiosurgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 204 patients who were treated with GKS. Among them 43 patients (21%) underwent GKS more than once. The second GKS was given for recurrence at the previously treated sites in 16 patients, new lesions at remote sites in 13, and both local recurrence and new lesions in 14.
RESULTS The median survival from the first GKS was 36 (7-190) weeks in all patients and 68 (16-156) weeks in 43 patients with repeated GKS. The median time from the first GKS to the second was 37 weeks. The median survival from the second radiosurgical intervention was 32 (7-132) weeks. Local control rate at 6 months after salvage GKS was 90.7%. RPA class was the commonly dominant prognostic factor in both initial and salvage GKS.
CONCLUSION Recurrence is common for patients with metastatic brain tumors after initial radiosurgery. Local control and survival time after salvage treatment are comparable with those after initial radiosurgery. GKS as a salvage treatment may provide additional survival benefit in selected patients.

SOLUTION: Outcome of repeated radiosurgery for recurrent metastatic brain tumors.

PROBLEM: The structure of the human gene encoding the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) adenosine deaminase (DRADA) was characterized. This nuclear localized enzyme is involved in the RNA editing required for the expression of certain subtypes of glutamate-gated ion channel subunits. The DRADA gene span 30 kb pairs and harbors 15 exons. The transcription of the DRADA gene driven by the putative promoter region, which contains no typical TATA or CCAAT box-like sequences, is initiated at multiple sites, 164 to 216 nucleotides upstream of the translation initiation codon. The three dsRNA binding motifs (DRBM), 70 amino acid residues long, are each encoded by two exons plus an intervening sequence that interrupts the motif at the identical amino acid position. This finding is consistent with the notion that the dsRNA binding domains may be composed of two separate functional subdomains. Fluorescent in situ hybridization localized the DRADA gene on the long arm chromosome 1, region q21. The gene structure and sequence information reported in this study will facilitate the investigation of involvement of DRADA in hereditary diseases that may be the result of malfunction of glutamate-gated ion channels.

SOLUTION:
Genomic organization and chromosomal location of the human dsRNA adenosine deaminase gene: the enzyme for glutamate-activated ion channel RNA editing.