INPUT ARTICLE: Article: One cause of impaction can be dehydration. Horses need constant water; even being without water for an hour or so can cause problems. Making sure it is fresh is important, because horses may ignore water that isn't as fresh as they'd like it to be. Dental health is important for maintaining healthy horses. Good teeth encourage your horse to chew properly, which makes an impaction less likely. Horses need roughage to make sure food moves through their system as it should. Therefore, ensure your horse has fresh hay available or is allowed to graze in a pasture every day. If you give your horse food on the ground, your horse may accidentally eat other things that are not food. If your horse eats enough of these other particles, it can block his bowels. For instance, your horse may eat too much sand with the hay, causing problems. Regular exercise keeps your horse in a routine and can also move the bowels along. Make sure to encourage exercise at least once a day. You provide some de-wormers daily, while others require you to give them less often; your vet can help you determine the best kind for your horses. This process helps control parasites, and an excess of parasites can sometimes lead to colic in horses. Ask your veterinarian about de-worming foals, as they may require special treatment.

SUMMARY: Provide plenty of fresh water. Schedule regular dental care. Give your horse enough roughage. Provide food in troughs. Exercise your horse regularly. De-worm on a regular basis.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: The most important part of caring for a wound is following your doctor's instructions. If you have not yet seen a doctor for a wound, then do so as soon as possible. Your doctor may advise you to: Keep your wound clean and dry. Cover your wound when you bathe or shower to avoid getting it wet. Clean your wound with soap and water or with a special wound cleaner. Replace your bandages regularly and when they become dirty or wet. Use an antimicrobial hand soap and warm water, and wash your hands for 15 to 30 seconds. Always wash your hands before and after cleaning the wound. Avoid touching the wound unless you're cleaning it, and never scratch it if it's itchy. If your doctor has advised you to soak your wound in a saline solution a certain number of times each day, then make sure that you do so. If not, then do not do this. Remove its dressing and soak a healing or closed infected wound in a container of warm saline solution for 20 minutes. If it's not easy to soak the wound in a bowl, cover the wound with a clean cloth soaked in saline solution for 20 minutes. You can create your own saline solution by mixing two teaspoons of salt with one quart (about a liter) of warm water. If you wouldn't drink the water you're using to clean the wound, you shouldn't use it. You can use distilled or filtered water, and heat it with salt on the stove. You can also just boil tap water and let it cool until it's safe to use. Dab an antibacterial cream onto a cotton swab, taking care not to let the tip of the nozzle touch the swab. Use enough cream to apply a thin coating over the entire wound. Use a fresh swab if you need to squirt more ointment from the bottle. Use an over the counter cream if you haven't been prescribed one from your doctor. You can also ask your pharmacist to recommend an over the counter antibiotic ointment. When it comes to treating wounds and skin infections, rubbing alcohol and hydrogen peroxide actually do more harm than good. Both interfere with the processes of healing and fighting infection. They dry your skin and kill white blood cells, which your body uses to kill the germs that cause infection. After cleaning the wound and applying ointment, use a clean cloth to dry the area around the wound so you can affix the dressing. Covering the wound will encourage healing and prevent the infection from spreading. Avoid using a dressing that sticks to wound. Go for a sterile bandage instead of gauze. If your wound is infected, then you need to be under the care of a doctor. If you visited your doctor or another medical professional when you were injured or to treat an infection, be sure to follow all of their instructions. Apply prescribed topical antibiotic cream or take oral antibiotics as they've instructed. Take any other medications, such as pain relievers or anti-inflammatory drugs, as directed. If you received stitches, don't get them wet for 24 hours unless directed by your doctor.

SUMMARY: Follow the instructions your doctor has given you. Wash your hands before and after cleaning the wound. Soak the wound in a saline solution (if advised). Use drinking-quality water to clean the wound. Apply an antibiotic ointment. Avoid using alcohol or hydrogen peroxide. Replace the dressing to encourage healing. Follow all of your doctor's instructions.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: They will ignore these limits on occasion. Reasonable punishment is one of the ways human beings have always learned. Children must understand what punishment is for and know that its source is parental love. As a parent, you will need cognitive tools if you are to adjust unwanted behaviours. Instead of making up a confusing, non-related punishment like, "If you ride your tricycle into the street, you will have to balance this book on your head," withdraw a privilege. The child must naturally connect the privilege withdrawal with the behavior: "If you ride your tricycle into the street, you lose the use of your tricycle for the rest of the day." Children who are spanked, hit, or slapped are more prone to fighting with other children. They are more likely to use aggression to solve disputes with others. Children exposed to family violence are also more likely to develop Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. . Rewarding your child for good behavior is even more important than punishing your child for bad behavior. Letting your child know when he or she is doing something right will encourage the behavior in the future. If your child behaved well, from sharing his toys at a play date to being patient during a car ride, then let him know you noticed his good behavior; don't just say nothing when your child behaves well and punish him when he does not. Don't underestimate the importance of praising your child for good behavior. Saying, "I'm so proud of you for..." can make your child feel that his good behavior is really appreciated. You can give your child toys or treats from time to time, but don't make your child think that he deserves a toy any time he does something good. If you want to discipline your child effectively, then you have to be consistent. You can't punish your child for doing something one day, and then give him candy to stop doing it another day, or even say nothing because you're too tired to put up a fight. And if your child does something good, like using the bathroom correctly during potty training, make sure you praise your child every time. Consistency is what reinforces good and bad behavior. If you and a spouse are raising your child together, then you should be a united front against your children, using the same disciplinary methods. There should be no "good cop, bad cop" routine in your home. If you really want your child to recognize your disciplinary methods, then you have to be able to explain why your child can't do certain things. Do not just tell him not to be mean to other children, or to clean up his toys; tell him why this behavior will be good for him, for you, and for society at large. Making a connection between your child's actions and what they mean will help your child understand your decision-making process. This is an important part of disciplining your child and building his character. If he does something wrong, like throwing his food on the ground, make sure he owns up to the behavior and explains why he did it, instead of blaming it on someone else or even denying it. After your child does something naughty, have a conversation about why it happened. It's important for your child to know that everyone makes mistakes. The mistake isn't as important as the way your child reacts to it.

SUMMARY:
Know that children need limits. Reward your child for good behavior. Be consistent. Explain your rules. Teach your child to take responsibility for his actions.