input: OPTIONS:
- exogenous
- epigenesis
- spontaneous mutation
- epistasis Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Epistasis is when a gene at one location (locus) alters the phenotypic expression of a gene at another locus. Epistasis takes place when the action of one gene is modified by one or several other genes. These genes are sometimes called modifier genes . The gene whose phenotype is expressed is said to be epistatic , while the phenotype that is altered is said to be hypostatic . Sometimes hypostatic phenotypes are completely suppressed. Epistatic genes are not dominant over the genes they alter or suppress. Dominance refers to an interaction between alleles of the same gene, not different genes. Q: What is it called when a gene at one location (locus) alters the phenotypic expression of a gene at another locus? A:
A:
output: epistasis

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The cardiovascular system is the system of organs that delivers blood to all the cells of the body. It's like the body's lifeline. Without the cardiovascular system circulating your blood, you couldn't survive. Q: What system of organs delivers blood to all cells of the body? A:

OPTIONS:
- gastrointestinal
- respiratory
- integumentary
- cardiovascular

Answer: cardiovascular

Problem: OPTIONS:
- pollutants
- catalysts
- carcinogens
- mutagens
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: A mutation is a change in the base sequence of DNA or RNA. Environmental causes of mutations are called mutagens. The effects of a mutation depend on the type of mutation and whether it occurs in a gamete or body cell. Q: What is the term for environmental causes of mutations? A:
Answer: mutagens

Problem:OPTIONS:
- wave frequency
- wave volume
- wave threshold
- wave amplitude

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Light also behaves like a package of energy. It turns out that for light, the energy of the "package" of energy is proportional to its frequency. (For most waves, energy is proportional to wave amplitude, or the height of the wave. ) The mathematical equation that relates the energy (E) of light to its frequency is. Q: For most waves, energy is proportional to what, a term that describes the height of the wave? A:
****
A: wave amplitude

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Cholesterol has been implicated in heart disease for decades. Atherosclerosis is a disorder of the arteries in which cholesterol and other materials are deposited on the interior of the arterial wall. These deposits lead to the formation of plaques that can restrict or even block the flow of blood through these blood vessels (see Figure below ). A decrease in the flow of blood can lead to high blood pressure and a lowered oxygen supply to the heart muscle. A complete blockage of blood flow to parts of the heart (a heart attack) can cause significant damage due to oxygen deprivation, in some cases leading to death. Q: What is the name of the disorder of the arteries in which cholesterol and other materials are deposited on the interior of the arterial wall? A:
OPTIONS:
- arthritis
- anemia
- paralysis
- atherosclerosis
atherosclerosis

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Amphibian larvae go through metamorphosis to change into the adult form. Q: Amphibian larvae go through what process to change into the adult form? A:
OPTIONS:
- morphing
- parthenogenesis
- merging
- metamorphosis

Answer:
metamorphosis