Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

[Q]: The nucleolar 58-kDa microspherule protein (MSP58) has important transcriptional regulation functions and plays a crucial role in the tumorigenesis and progression of cancers. 3'-deoxy-3'-[18F]fluorothymidine (FLT) has emerged as a promising positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for evaluating tumor malignancy and cell proliferation.", 'In the present study, the expression of MSP58 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and the corresponding PET image was examined using FLT-PET in 55 patients with various grades of gliomas.', 'The immunoreactivity score (IRS) of MSP58 increased with tumor grade with grade IV gliomas exhibiting the highest expression and showed a highly significant positive correlation with the Ki-67 index (r = 0.65, P < 0.001). The IRS of MSP58 in the tumor showed a highly significant positive correlation with corresponding FLT uptake value (r = 0.61, P < 0.001). The correlation between MSP58 expression and glioma malignancy was also confirmed by immunofluorescence, RT-PCR and western blot analysis. FLT uptake value also exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with the Ki-67 index (r = 0.59, P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that MSP58 expression has a significant prognostic ability for the overall survival time similar to that found in the uptake value of FLT-PET.
[A]: 1

[Q]: The effect of alcohol consumption on the liver is controversial. Recent reports have suggested that moderate alcohol consumption decreases the prevalence of elevated alanine aminotransferase levels. The role of alcohol consumption in the development of fatty liver (FL), however, has not been studied definitively. The aim of this study was to examine the association between alcohol consumption and FL in a large Japanese population.', 'A total of 7,431 asymptomatic male subjects who underwent a complete medical survey in our institute between May 2007 and July 2008 were recruited. Cases positive for hepatitis B or C viruses, potential hepatotoxic drug intake, or under treatment for metabolic disorders were excluded. FL was defined by ultrasonography. Visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues (VAT and SAT) were measured by computed tomography. Independent and significant predictors associated with FL were determined by multiple logistic regression analysis.', 'Of the initial study candidates, 130 (1.7%) were positive for hepatitis B and 66 (0.8%) were positive for hepatitis C. On the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 5,599 men (50.9+/-8.1 years) were studied cross-sectionally. Light (40-140 g/week) and moderate (140-280 g/week) alcohol consumption significantly and independently reduced the likelihood of FL (odds ratio=0.824 and 0.754, 95% confidence interval=0.683-0.994 and 0.612-0.928, P=0.044 and 0.008, respectively) by multivariate analysis after adjusting for potential confounding variables. VAT, SAT, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and fasting blood glucose were significant predictors of the increased prevalence of FL, whereas age was a predictor of the decreased prevalence of FL.
[A]: 1

[Q]: The effect of nutrients in the distal small intestine or colon on postprandial upper gut function is incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to determine if carbohydrate in the ileum or proximal colon of dogs affects postprandial pancreaticobiliary secretion, gastrointestinal transit, and circulating concentrations of certain gastrointestinal regulatory peptides.', 'Seven dogs were prepared with permanent infusion and aspiration catheters in the duodenum and ileum and an infusion catheter in the cecum. Coincident with eating a meal containing liquid and solid markers, ileal or colonic (n = 5 dogs for each) infusion were begun of isosmolar 0.9% NaCl or carbohydrate in a 3:1 ratio of starch to glucose. Pancreatic enzyme output, bile acid delivery, gastrointestinal polypeptide, and plasma concentrations of pancreatic polypeptide, neurotensin, and peptide YY were measured for 6 hours postprandially.', 'Carbohydrate infusion in the ileum, but not in the proximal colon, increased amylase secretion and plasma peptide YY, slowed gastric emptying of liquids and solids, slowed small intestinal transit, and decreased bile acid delivery into the duodenum (P < 0.05 in each).
[A]:
1