In this task, you're given passages that contain mentions of names of people, places, or things. Some of these mentions refer to the same person, place, or thing. Your job is to write questions that evaluate one's understanding of such references. Good questions are expected to link pronouns (she, her, him, his, their, etc.) or other mentions to people, places, or things to which they may refer.
Avoid questions that can be answered correctly without actually understanding the paragraph. Avoid questions that do not link phrases referring to the same entity. Avoid questions that have multiple answers.

For each of your questions the answer should be one or more phrases in the paragraph. The answer for each question should be unambiguous.

Context: The rise of Hitler and other dictators in the 1930s forced numerous Catholic intellectuals to flee Europe; president John O'Hara brought many to Notre Dame. From Germany came Anton-Hermann Chroust (19071982) in classics and law, and Waldemar Gurian a German Catholic intellectual of Jewish descent. Positivism dominated American intellectual life in the 1920s onward but in marked contrast, Gurian received a German Catholic education and wrote his doctoral dissertation under Max Scheler. Ivan Mestrovic (18831962), a renowned sculptor, brought Croatian culture to campus, 195562. Yves Simon (190361), brought to ND in the 1940s the insights of French studies in the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition of philosophy; his own teacher Jacques Maritain (188273) was a frequent visitor to campus.
What caused many intellectual Catholics to leave europe in the 1930s?