Premise:
"The arrival of Indian merchants, including Jains, Parsis, and Jews, turned Bombay, Madras, and Calcutta into large cities; the Company discovered a knack for large-scale administration."
Hypothesis: The Indian merchants saw a golden investment opportunity in Calcutta, Madras, and Bombay.

it is not possible to tell

Premise:
"Behind them are vast groves of banana trees."
Hypothesis: They have banana trees behind them.

yes

Premise:
"yeah you'd have the whole town on you didn't you"
Hypothesis: The whole town, including all the animals would be on you.
it is not possible to tell