Detailed Instructions: Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
Problem:Context: To prospectively investigate the presence and counts of archaea in feces of 472 children in association with weight development from 6 to 10years of age.', 'Within the KOALA Birth Cohort Study, a single fecal sample from each child was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction to quantify archaea (Methanobrevibacter smithii, Methanosphera stadtmanae). Anthropometric outcomes (overweight [body mass index {BMI}85th percentile], age- and sex-standardized BMI, weight, and height z-scores) were repeatedly measured at ages (meanSD) of 6.20.5, 6.80.5, 7.80.5, and 8.80.5years. Generalized estimating equation was used for statistical analysis while controlling for confounders.', 'Methanobrevibacter smithii colonization was associated with an increased risk of overweight (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=2.69; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.96-7.54) from 6 to 10years of age. Children with high levels (>7 log10 copies/g feces) of this archaeon were at highest risk for overweight (OR=3.27; 95% CI 1.09-9.83). Moreover, M. smithii colonization was associated with higher weight z-scores (adj. 0.18; 95% CI 0.00-0.36), but not with height. For BMI z-scores, the interaction (P=0.008) between M. smithii and age was statistically significant, implying children colonized with M. smithii had increasing BMI z-scores with age.
Answer: Presence and higher counts of M. smithii in the gut of children are associated with higher weight z-scores, higher BMI z-scores, and overweight.
Solution:
Is gut colonization with methanobrevibacter smithii associated with childhood weight development?