Problem: Legends about the development of coffee are varied and interesting, involving chance occurrences, political tricks, and the pursuit of wealth and power.

According to one story, a sheepherder named Kaldi, as he tended his sheep, noticed the effect of coffee beans. He noticed that the sheep became excited after eating the red "cherries" from a certain plant when they changed pastures . He tried it himself, and was soon as overactive as his sheep. Another story relates that a monk happened to discover that this fruit from the shiny green plant could help him stay awake.

Another legend gives us the name for coffee, "mocha". Omar, an Arabian was thrown to the desert with his followers to die of starvation. In desperation, Omar had his friends boil and eat the fruit from an unknown plant. Not only did the soup save the group, but the residents of the nearest town, Mocha, took their survival as a religious sign. The plant and its beverage were named Mocha to honor this event.

Coffee was introduced much later to countries beyond Arabia, whose inhabitants believed it to be a tasty thing and guarded its secret as if they were top secret military plans. The government forbade transportation of the plant out of the Moslem nations. The actual spread of coffee was started illegally. One Arab named Baba Budan smuggled beans to some mountains near Mysore, India, and started a farm there. Early in this century, some of those original plants were found still growing fruitfully in the region.

Coffee today is grown and enjoyed worldwide, and is one of the few crops that small farmers in third-world countries can profitably export.
1. What crop can small farmers profit from on export?
2. Is it grown and enjoyed worldwide today?
3. When was it introduced to countries beyond Arabia?
4. What secret did they guard like top secret military plans?
5. What did the Arabian goverment forbade?
6. Was the actual spread of coffee legal?
7. Who is Baba Budan?
8. What did he do?
9. Where to?
10. What did he do with them there?
11. What was found early in this century?
12. What is another name for coffee?
13. Who named it that?
14. Who was thrown in the desert to die of starvation?
15. How did they survive?
16. What was the name of the nearest town?
17. Why was the plant and its beverage named Mocha?
18. Who was Kaldi?
19. What did he notice about his sheep?
20. When they did what?
Answer: 1. Coffee
2. yes
3. much later
4. coffee
5. transporting it out of Moslem nations.
6. in the beginning
7. An Arab
8. smuggled beans
9. near Mysore, India
10. started a farm
11. some of those plants
12. mocha
13. unknown
14. Omar and his followers
15. eating an unknown plant
16. Mocha
17. to honor the event
18. a sheepherder n
19. they became excited
20. eating the "cherries"

Problem: Billy and Sara are brother and sister. They went to the beach with their family last July for a week, and had the best time ever! On Monday, Billy and Sara wanted to build a giant sandcastle. They invited their new friends Jack and Jane to help build the sandcastle. Jack and Jane had a house on the beach, so they were really good when it came to building sandcastles. They hoped that they could make the sandcastle taller than themselves, but they soon found they needed more help. They asked their cousin Joey to help them build the biggest sandcastle in the world! Joey wasn't the friendliest cousin in the world, but to Billy and Sara's surprise, Joey was happy to help build the sandcastle. Billy, Sara, Jake, Jane and Joey had spent the whole day building the sandcastle, and finally, right before dinner time, they completed it. The sandcastle was huge! It had a river around the castle, and even a bridge to cross the river. It even had a flag at the top, and a wall that went around the castle too! They were so happy! ab

The rest of the week at the beach was a lot of fun for Billy and Sara. On Tuesday, they went for ice cream. Sara's ice cream fell and dripped all the way down to her tummy, but Billy gave her some of his. On Wednesday, they watched the fireworks at night. On Thursday, they went swimming all day long, moving like worms in the water. On Friday, they had to go back home. They were sad, so they started counting down the days until next year at the beach!
1. how do billy and Sara know each other?
2. Did they do something yesterday?
3. When did they do something?
4. What did they do?
5. Did they live at the beach?
6. Who did?
7. Did they build a raft?
8. What did they build?
9. Did they do it by themselves?
10. Who helped them?
11. Was joey their brother?
12. How did they know Joey?
13. How many kids built the sandcastle?
14. What were all of their names?
15. Was it a fast project?
16. how long did it take them?
17. When did they finish, before lunch?
18. Was it pretty small?
19. What did it look like?
20. Were they upset with how it looked?
21. how did they feel?
22. DId they do anything else on vacation?
23. What did they do?
24. When did they do that
25. Did Billy drop his?
26. Who's fell?
27. When did they see fireworks?
28. What about Thursday?
29. Did they get to do anything on Saturday?
Answer:
1. Billy and Sara are brother and sister.
2. no
3. last July
4. They went to the beach
5. no
6. Jack and Jane
7. no
8. a sandcastle.
9. no
10. Joey
11. no
12. he was their cousin
13. five
14. Billy, Sara, Jake, Jane and Joey
15. no
16. Billy, Sara, Jake, Jane and Joey had spent the whole day building the sandcastle
17. no, right before dinner.
18. The sandcastle was huge!
19. It had a river around the castle, and even a bridge to cross the river.
20. no
21. They were so happy!
22. yes
23. they went for ice cream.
24. On Tuesday
25. no
26. Sara's ice cream fell
27. On Wednesday
28. On Thursday, they went swimming
29. no