Q: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
This scientist was close friends with a Genevan-born mathematician who developed a method of drilling holes in rubies; that man, Fatio de Duillier, was derisively nicknamed "the ape of [this man]." A surviving manuscript shows this man computing the area of a hyperbola to 55 decimal places. The Philosophical Transactions describes his discovery that white light is formed by a (*) spectrum of different colors. This scientist responded to allegations of plagiarism by Robert Hooke by claiming "If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants." This scientist used the term "method of fluxions" to describe differential calculus, which he discovered independently of Leibniz. For 10 points, name this scientist who formulated three laws of motion.
A:
Science