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Instead of thinking about how you're going to respond, take the time to listen and attempt to understand their words while the other person is talking. Pay attention to what they say, the feelings they express, and what they communicate through their body language. If you don't understand something they said, or if you're going to directly respond to one of their points, repeat what you think they said back to them first and ask if you understood them correctly. Sometimes being an active listener may also require you to be silent. Showing that you are okay with silence, even if it is a bit uncomfortable, may give the person time to gain the courage to share. Your body can communicate to the other person that you're listening and engaged. Nod occasionally, smile, and use other facial expressions. Examine your posture and ensure that it is open and inviting. This means uncrossing your arms and legs and facing the other person as they speak. Make eye contact and point your body toward the person, but keep your body in a relaxed position. Forcing open body language may seem unnatural. Be open to disclosing information about yourself and also open about listening to the other person. If you disagree about something, be willing to hear the person out and consider their viewpoint. Instead of making your goal to "win" the conversation or be right, make your goal to better understand someone else and hear a different perspective. For example, if you tend to argue with your Uncle about politics, aim to make the conversation more meaningful by hearing each other out and being willing to consider their viewpoint. People feel heard and understood when you show that you're listening. When you validate someone, you show them that you accept them and that what they say is important. Validation can be as simple as saying, "That seems so difficult" or, "No wonder you're struggling, it seems like you're under so much stress." Validation creates connection and safety, which are important in a meaningful conversation. Reflect back on what they say to ensure your understanding and show that you're listening. For example, say, "I hear you saying that dealing with your aging parents is difficult."

summary: Practice active listening. Maintain open body language. Approach the conversation openly. Validate their experiences.

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The skin is less likely to develop a rash if it's clean and dry. Newborns only need a bath 3 times a week until they are able to crawl, but you should still wipe them down.If you want to bath your baby more often, that's okay as long as your baby's skin doesn't become dry. Don't allow your baby's drool to pool on its neck, where it might cause a rash. Use a soft cloth to wipe your baby's mouth, chin, and neck to prevent the accumulation of drool. If your baby's neck rash is heat-related, turn on the air conditioning or a fan. This will help soothe the rash on your baby's neck. If reducing the heat is impossible, take your baby to a cooler location like a shopping center. There are several ways to cool your baby's skin. You could, for instance, give them a tepid bath or lay a cool, damp towel across their neck. These cooling actions will relieve the itchiness and irritation of the rash and prevent it from spreading. If your baby is swaddled in thick blankets or heavy clothing, remove them to allow more air to cool your baby's neck. Improving the airflow should reduce the severity of the rash. If your doctor determines that your baby has a food allergy that is causing the neck rash, for instance, keep that food away from your baby and check food labels carefully to ensure that your baby doesn't accidentally come in contact with it.

summary: Keep your baby's neck clean and dry. Pat dry excess drool as often as possible. Reduce the heat and humidity for your baby. Cool your baby's skin directly. Remove excess clothing. Don't expose your baby to allergens.

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Wear rubber gloves, eye goggles, and an N-95 respirator. Look for the respirator at hardware stores. Also wear long sleeves and long pants that you can launder or discard immediately. Plan to undress in the room that you've cleaned of mold. Open the windows to ensure good ventilation when you clean. You can also use a 3M#1860 or TC-21C particulate respirator. After you clean, put the clothes in a plastic bag for the laundry or disposal so you don't spread mold spores in other areas of your home. Don't let other people or pets into the space where you are cleaning the mold. First wet the surface you'll clean to cut down on mold flying around while you scrub. Use the soap and a stiff bristled scrub brush to remove mold from hard plastic, glass, and metal. You might need to sand growth on structural wood, including wall studs. These can include paper, drywall, insulation, ceiling tiles, carpets, and carpet padding. Discard these carefully in sealed plastic bags. Replace any moldy wood trim and floorboards. Combine 1.5 cups (360 mL) of chlorine bleach with one gallon (3.785 L) of water. Wipe this on the surfaces that you've cleaned. Keep the area wet for 15-30 minutes so the bleach can effectively disinfect the surface. Use clean water to rinse after you've disinfected. Immediately dry the area you've cleaned. Use fans, open windows, and/or dehumidifiers to accelerate the drying process. Combat future mold by painting the area with an antimicrobial paint. Only paint after you have properly cleaned and dried the surface. If you don't want an antimicrobial paint, choose a latex-based paint that will allow the air to flow through your interior walls and reduce future mold growth. Monitor the area frequently to prevent or address any future outbreaks.
summary: Protect your health when cleaning mold. Scrub hard surfaces with a non-ammonia detergent or soap. Remove porous surfaces covered in mold. Disinfect the area with bleach. Rinse and dry the cleaned surface. Apply a paint with antimicrobial properties.