In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
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Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Senator Paul Simon Water for the
World Act of 2009''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds the following:
(1) The Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005
(Public Law 109-121)--
(A) makes access to safe water and sanitation for
developing countries a specific policy objective of
United States foreign assistance programs;
(B) requires the Secretary of State to--
(i) develop a strategy to elevate the role
of water and sanitation policy; and
(ii) improve the effectiveness of United
States assistance programs undertaken in
support of that strategy;
(C) codifies Target 10 of the United Nations
Millennium Development Goals; and
(D) seeks to reduce by half between 1990 (the
baseline year) and 2015--
(i) the proportion of people who are unable
to reach or afford safe drinking water; and
(ii) the proportion of people without
access to basic sanitation.
(2) On December 20, 2006, the United Nations General
Assembly, in GA Resolution 61/192, declared 2008 as the
International Year of Sanitation, in recognition of the impact
of sanitation on public health, poverty reduction, economic and
social development, and the environment.
(3) On August 1, 2008, Congress passed H. Con. Res. 318,
which--
(A) supports the goals and ideals of the
International Year of Sanitation; and
(B) recognizes the importance of sanitation on
public health, poverty reduction, economic and social
development, and the environment.
(4) While progress is being made on safe water and
sanitation efforts--
(A) more than 884,000,000 people throughout the
world lack access to safe drinking water; and
(B) 2 of every 5 people in the world do not have
access to basic sanitation services.
(5) The health consequences of unsafe drinking water and
poor sanitation are significant, accounting for--
(A) nearly 10 percent of the global burden of
disease; and
(B) more than 2,000,000 deaths each year.
(6) The effects of climate change are expected to produce
severe consequences for water availability and resource
management in the future, with 2,800,000,000 people in more
than 48 countries expected to face severe and chronic water
shortages by 2025.
(7) According to the November 2008 report entitled,
''Global Trends 2025: A Transformed World'', the National
Intelligence Council expects rapid urbanization and future
population growth to exacerbate already limited access to
water, particularly in agriculture-based economies.
(8) A 2009 report published in the Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences projects that the effects of
climate change will produce long-term droughts and raise sea
levels for the next 1,000 years, regardless of future efforts
to combat climate change.
(9) According to the 2005 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment,
commissioned by the United Nations, more than /5\ of the
world population relies on freshwater that is either polluted
or excessively withdrawn.
(10) The impact of water scarcity on conflict and
instability is evident in many parts of the world, including
the Darfur region of Sudan, where demand for water resources
has contributed to armed conflict between nomadic ethnic groups
and local farming communities.
(11) In order to further the United States contribution to
safe water and sanitation efforts, it is necessary to--
(A) expand foreign assistance capacity to address
the challenges described in this section; and
(B) represent issues related to water and
sanitation at the highest levels of United States
foreign assistance and diplomatic deliberations,
including those related to issues of global health,
food security, the environment, global warming, and
maternal and child mortality.

SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

It is the sense of Congress that the United States should lead a
global effort to bring sustainable access to clean water and sanitation
to poor people throughout the world.

SEC. 4. PURPOSE.

The purpose of this Act is--
(1) to provide first-time access to safe water and
sanitation, on a sustainable basis, for 100,000,000 people in
high priority countries (as designated under section 6(f) of
the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (22
U.S.C. 2152h note)) by 2015; and
(2) to enhance the capacity of the United States Government
to fully implement the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor
Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-121).

SEC. 5. DEVELOPING UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT CAPACITY.

Section 135 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2152h)
is amended by adding at the end the following:
''(e) Office of Water.--
''(1) Establishment.--To carry out the purposes of
subsection (a), the Administrator of the United States Agency
for International Development shall establish the Office of
Water within the Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture, and
Trade.
''(2) Leadership.--The Office of Water shall be headed by a
Director for Safe Water and Sanitation, who shall report
directly to the Assistant Administrator of the Bureau for
Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade.
''(3) Duties.--The Director shall--
''(A) implement this section and the Senator Paul
Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-
121);
''(B) develop and implement country-specific water
strategies and expertise, in collaboration with
appropriate United States Agency for International
Development Mission Directors, to meet the goal of
providing 100,000,000 additional people with
sustainable access to safe water and sanitation by
2015; and
''(C) place primary emphasis on providing safe,
affordable, and sustainable drinking water, sanitation,
and hygiene in a manner that--
''(i) is consistent with sound water
resource management principles; and
''(ii) utilizes such approaches as direct
service provision, capacity building,
institutional strengthening, regulatory reform,
and partnership collaboration.
''(4) Capacity.--The Director may utilize interagency
details or partnerships with universities, civil society, and
the private sector, as needed, to strengthen implementation
capacity.
''(f) Special Coordinator for International Water.--
''(1) Establishment.--To increase the capacity of the
Department of State to address international issues regarding
safe water, sanitation, integrated river basin management, and
other international water programs, the Secretary of State
shall establish a Special Coordinator for International Water
(referred to in this subsection as the 'Special Coordinator'),
who shall report to the Under Secretary for Democracy and
Global Affairs.
''(2) Duties.--The Special Coordinator shall--
''(A) oversee and coordinate the diplomatic policy
of the United States Government with respect to global
freshwater issues, including interagency coordination
related to--
''(i) sustainable access to safe drinking
water, sanitation, and hygiene;
''(ii) integrated river basin and watershed
management;
''(iii) transboundary conflict;
''(iv) agricultural and urban productivity
of water resources;
''(v) disaster recovery, response, and
rebuilding;
''(vi) pollution mitigation; and
''(vii) adaptation to hydrologic change due
to climate variability; and
''(B) ensure that international freshwater issues
are represented--
''(i) within the United States Government;
and
''(ii) in key diplomatic, development, and
scientific efforts with other nations and
multilateral organizations.
''(3) Staff.--The Special Coordinator is authorized to hire
a limited number of staff to carry out the duties described in
paragraph (2).''.

SEC. 6. SAFE WATER, SANITATION, AND HYGIENE STRATEGY.

Section 6 of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005
(22 U.S.C. 2152h note) is amended--
(1) in subsection (c), by adding at the end the following:
''In developing the program activities needed to implement the
strategy, the Secretary shall consider the results of the
assessment described in subsection (e)(9).''; and
(2) in subsection (e)--
(A) in paragraph (5), by striking ''and'' at the
end;
(B) in paragraph (6), by striking the period at the
end and inserting a semicolon; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
''(7) an assessment of all United States Government foreign
assistance allocated to the drinking water and sanitation
sector during the 3 previous fiscal years, across all United
States Government agencies and programs, including an
assessment of the extent to which the United States
Government's efforts are reaching the goal of providing first-
time access to safe water and sanitation on a sustainable basis
for 100,000,000 people in high priority countries;
''(8) recommendations on what the United States Government
would need to do to achieve the goals referred to in paragraph
(7), in support of the United Nation's Millennium Development
Goal on access to safe drinking water; and
''(9) an assessment of best practices for mobilizing and
leveraging the financial and technical capacity of business,
governments, nongovernmental organizations, and civil society
in forming public-private partnerships that measurably increase
access to safe drinking water and sanitation.''.

SEC. 7. DEVELOPING LOCAL CAPACITY.

The Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law
109-121) is amended--
(1) by redesignating sections 9, 10, and 11 as sections 10,
11, and 12, respectively; and
(2) by inserting after section 8 the following:

''SEC. 9. WATER AND SANITATION INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY-BUILDING PROGRAM.

''(a) Establishment.--
''(1) In general.--The Secretary of State and the
Administrator of the United States Agency for International
Development (referred to in this section as the 'Secretary' and
the 'Administrator', respectively), in consultation with host
country institutions, the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, the Department of Agriculture, and other agencies,
as appropriate, shall establish, in every high priority
country, a program to build the capacity of host country
institutions and officials responsible for water and sanitation
in countries that receive assistance under section 135 of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, including training at
appropriate levels, to--
''(A) provide affordable, equitable, and
sustainable access to safe drinking water and
sanitation;
''(B) educate the populations of such countries
about the dangers of unsafe drinking water and lack of
proper sanitation; and
''(C) encourage behavior change to reduce
individuals' risk of disease from unsafe drinking water
and lack of proper sanitation and hygiene.
''(2) Coordination.--The programs established under
subsection (a) shall be coordinated in each country by the lead
country water manager designated in subsection (b)(2).
''(3) Expansion.--The Secretary and the Administrator may
establish the program described in this section in additional
countries if the receipt of such capacity building would be
beneficial for promoting access to safe drinking water and
sanitation, with due consideration given to good governance.
''(4) Capacity.--The Secretary and the Administrator--
''(A) shall designate staff with appropriate
expertise to carry out the strategy developed under
section 4; and
''(B) may utilize, as needed, interagency details
or partnerships with universities, civil society, and
the private sector to strengthen implementation
capacity.
''(b) Designation.--The United States Agency for International
Development Mission Director for each country receiving a 'high
priority' designation under section 6(f) and for each region containing
a country receiving such designation shall--
''(1) designate safe drinking water and sanitation as a
strategic objective;
''(2) appoint an employee of the United States Agency for
International Development as in-country water and sanitation
manager to coordinate the in-country implementation of this Act
and section 135 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22
U.S.C. 2152h) with host country officials at various levels of
government responsible for water and sanitation, the Department
of State, and other relevant United States Government agencies;
and
''(3) coordinate with the Development Credit Authority and
the Global Development Alliance to further the purposes of this
Act.''.

SEC. 8. OTHER ACTIVITIES SUPPORTED.

Section 135(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act (22 U.S.C. 2152h(c))
is amended--
(1) in paragraph (3), by striking ''and'' at the end;
(2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end;
and
(3) by adding at the end the following:
''(5) foster global cooperation on research and technology
development, including regional partnerships among water
experts to address safe drinking water, sanitation, water
resource management, and other water-related issues;
''(6) establish regional and cross-border cooperative
activities between scientists and specialists that work to
share technologies and best practices, mitigate shared water
challenges, foster international cooperation, and defuse cross-
border tensions;
''(7) provide grants through the United States Agency for
International Development to foster the development,
dissemination, and increased and consistent use of low cost and
sustainable technologies, such as household water treatment,
hand washing stations, and latrines, for providing safe
drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene that are suitable for
use in high priority countries, particularly in places with
limited resources and infrastructure;
''(8) in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention, Department of Agriculture, the Environmental
Protection Agency, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, and other agencies, as appropriate, conduct
formative and operational research and monitor and evaluate the
effectiveness of programs that provide safe drinking water and
sanitation; and
''(9) integrate efforts to promote safe drinking water,
sanitation and hygiene with existing foreign assistance
programs, as appropriate, including activities focused on HIV/
AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, maternal and child health, food
security, and nutritional support.''.

SEC. 9. UPDATED REPORT REGARDING WATER FOR PEACE AND SECURITY.

Section 11(b) of the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of
2005, as redesignated by section 7, is amended by adding at the end the
following: ''The report submitted under this subsection shall include
an assessment of current and likely future political tensions over
water sources and multidisciplinary assessment of the expected impacts
of global climate change on water supplies in 10, 25, and 50 years.''.

SEC. 10. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

(a) In General.--There are authorized to be appropriated for fiscal
year 2009 and for each subsequent fiscal year such sums as may be
necessary to carry out this Act and the amendments made by this Act,
pursuant to the criteria set forth in the Senator Paul Simon Water for
the Poor Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-121).
(b) Use of Funds.--
(1) General water resource management activities.--Up to 20
percent of the amounts appropriated to implement this Act may
be used to support general water resource management activities
that improve countries' overall water sources.
(2) Other activities.--Any amounts appropriated to
implement this Act that are not used to carry out the
activities described in paragraph (1) shall be allocated for
activities related to safe drinking water, sanitation, and
hygiene.

Answer: Senator Paul Simon Water for the World Act of 2009 - Amends the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to direct the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to establish the Office of Water within the Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade to: (1) give assistance to provide safe water and sanitation for people worldwide; and (2) be headed by a Director for Safe Water and Sanitation. Outlines the Director's duties.

Requires the Secretary of State, in order to increase the capacity of the Department of State to address international issues regarding safe water, sanitation, integrated river basin management, and other international water programs, to establish a Special Coordinator for International Water. Outlines the Special Coordinator's duties.

Amends the Senator Paul Simon Water for the Poor Act of 2005 to: (1) revise requirements concerning the safe water and sanitation strategy; (2) provide for the establishment of a program to build the capacity of host country institutions and officials responsible for water and sanitation in countries that receive assistance to provide safe water and sanitation under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961; (3) expand the list of activities that may be supported by assistance furnished by the President for programs in developing countries to provide affordable and equitable access to safe water and sanitation; and (4) require the report regarding water for peace and security to include an assessment of political tensions over water sources and a multidisciplinary assessment of the expected impacts of global climate change on water supplies in 10, 25, and 50 years.

Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Mercury Reduction and Energy
Security Act of 2010''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.

(a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
(1) The Environmental Protection Agency (''EPA'') was
required by the terms of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990
and a 1998 consent agreement to determine whether regulation of
mercury from electric utility steam generating units under
section 112 of the Clean Air Act was appropriate and necessary.
(2) In a December 2000, regulatory finding, the EPA
concluded that regulation of mercury from electric utility
steam generating units was appropriate and necessary.
(3) In 2005, the EPA withdrew its 2000 regulatory finding
in favor of a national cap-and-trade system for mercury
emissions from electric utility steam generating units, the
Clean Air Mercury Rule (''CAMR'').
(4) CAMR was subsequently challenged in petitions for
review filed by 17 States.
(5) The United States Court of Appeals for the District of
Columbia Circuit vacated the rule on February 8, 2008, finding
that once the EPA had listed electric utility steam generating
units as a source of hazardous air pollutants, it was required
by law to proceed with Maximum Achievable Control Technology
(''MACT'') regulations under section 112 of the Clean Air Act
unless it delisted the source category, under procedures set
forth in section 112(c)(9).
(6) Mercury control technologies for coal-fired electric
utility steam generating units have advanced rapidly in the
last few years.
(b) Purpose.--The purpose of this Act is to protect public health
and welfare, and the environment, through mercury emission reductions
from electric utility steam generating units.

SEC. 3. MERCURY EMISSION REDUCTIONS.

The Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.) is amended by adding at
the end the following new title:

''TITLE VII--MERCURY REDUCTIONS

''SEC. 701. DEFINITIONS.

''In this title:
''(1) Affected unit.--The term 'affected unit' means a
coal-fired electric steam generating unit (including a
cogeneration unit) that--
''(A) has a nameplate capacity greater than 25
megawatts; and
''(B) generates electricity for sale.
''(2) Cogeneration unit.--The term 'cogeneration unit'
means a stationary, coal-fired boiler or a stationary, coal-
fired combustion turbine having equipment used to produce
electricity and useful thermal energy for industrial,
commercial, heating, or cooling purposes through the sequential
use of energy that produces during the 12-month period starting
on the date the unit first produces electricity and during any
calendar year after which the unit first produces electricity--
''(A) for a topping-cycle cogeneration unit--
''(i) useful thermal energy not less than 5
percent of total energy output; and
''(ii) useful power that, when added to
one-half of useful thermal energy produced, is
not less than--
''(I) 42.5 percent of total energy
input if useful thermal energy produced
is 15 percent or more of total energy
output; or
''(II) 45 percent of total energy
input if useful thermal energy produced
is less than 15 percent of total energy
output; and
''(B) for a bottoming-cycle cogeneration unit,
useful power not less than 45 percent of total energy
input.
''(3) Inlet mercury.--The term 'inlet mercury' means the
quantity of mercury found--
''(A) in the as-fired coal used by an affected
unit; or
''(B) for an affected unit using coal that is
subjected to an advanced coal cleaning technology, in
the as-mined coal used by the affected unit.

''SEC. 702. MERCURY REDUCTION PROGRAM.

''(a) Annual Limitation for Affected Units.--Except as provided in
subsection (f), an affected unit in operation before or after the date
of enactment of this title shall be subject to the following emission
limitations on an annual average calendar year basis with respect to
mercury:
''(1) Calendar years 2012 through 2014.--For the period
beginning on January 1, 2012, and ending on December 31, 2014,
the less stringent limitation of the following (calculated on a
one-year rolling average):
''(A) 80 percent capture of inlet mercury.
''(B) An emission rate of 1.60 pounds of mercury
per trillion British thermal units of input coal.
''(2) Calendar year 2015 and thereafter.--For calendar year
2015 and each calendar year thereafter, the less stringent
limitation of the following (calculated on a one-year rolling
average):
''(A) 90 percent capture of inlet mercury.
''(B) An emission rate of 0.80 pounds of mercury
per trillion British thermal units of input coal.
''(b) Averaging Across Units Within a Facility or State.--(1) An
owner or operator of more than one affected unit at a single facility
may demonstrate compliance with the applicable annual average emission
limitations under subsection (a) by averaging emissions from all
affected units at that facility, weighted by total input coal British
thermal units.
''(2) An owner or operator of more than one affected unit or units
within a State may demonstrate compliance with the applicable annual
average emission limitations under subsection (a) by averaging
emissions from all affected units owned or operated by that owner or
operator within such State, weighted by total input coal British
thermal units, if all affected units are owned or operated by the same
entity.
''(3) If an affected unit is owned or operated by more than one
entity, the State in which the affected unit is located shall allocate
to each such owner or operator an appropriate portion of the generation
from the affected unit for purposes of averaging emissions pursuant to
paragraph (1) or (2).
''(c) Reference Methods for Measuring Mercury Emissions.--(1) The
owner or operator of an affected unit shall use any of the following
methods as a reference method to calibrate the instruments used to
measure the mercury concentration in emissions from affected units:
''(A) ASTM D6784-02, 'Standard Test Method for
Elemental, Oxidized, Particle-Bound and Total Mercury
in Flue Gas Generated from Coal-Fired Stationary
Sources' (Ontario Hydro Method).
''(B) 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Appendix A-8, Method 29,
'Determination of Metals Emissions from Stationary
Sources'.
''(C) 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Appendix A-8, Method 30A,
'Determination of Total Vapor Phase Mercury Emissions
from Stationary Sources (Instrumental Analyzer
Procedure)'.
''(D) 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Appendix A-8, Method 30B,
'Determination of Total Vapor Phase Mercury Emissions
from Coal-Fired Combustion Sources Using Carbon Sorbent
Traps'.
''(2) The Administrator may revise or supplement the list of
permitted methods set forth in paragraph (1) to reflect improvements or
other developments in the measurement of mercury emissions from coal-
fired electric steam generating units.
''(d) Monitoring System.--(1) The owner or operator of an affected
unit shall install and operate a continuous emissions monitoring system
(CEMS) to measure the quantity of mercury that is emitted from each
affected unit.
''(2) For purposes of complying with paragraph (1), the owner or
operator of an affected unit may use--
''(A) any CEMS that meets the requirements in Performance
Specification 12A (PS-12A), 'Specifications and Test Procedures
for Total Vapor-Phase Mercury Continuous Monitoring Systems in
Stationary Sources';
''(B) a mercury concentration CEMS that meets the
requirements of 40 C.F.R. Part 75; or
''(C) a sorbent trap monitoring system that meets the
requirements of 40 C.F.R. 75.15 and 40 C.F.R. Part 75, Appendix
K, 'Quality Assurance and Operating Procedures for Sorbent Trap
Monitoring Systems';
''(3) The Administrator may revise or supplement the list
of permitted monitoring systems set forth in paragraph (2) to
reflect improvements or other developments in mercury emissions
reduction technologies and mercury emissions monitoring
systems.
''(e) Excess Emissions.--(1) Except as provided in subsection (f),
the owner or operator of an affected unit that emits mercury in excess
of the applicable annual average emission limitation under subsection
(a) shall pay an excess emissions penalty determined under paragraph
(2).
''(2) The excess emissions penalty for mercury shall be an amount
equal to $50,000 for each pound of mercury emitted in excess of the
applicable annual average emission limitation under subsection (a).
Such penalty shall be prorated for each fraction of a pound.
''(f) Best Practices.--(1) Effective, January 1, 2015, if the owner
or operator of any affected unit fails to achieve the annual average
emission limitation under subsection (a)(2), such owner or operator may
notify the Administrator of such failure prior to March 1, 2015, and
request an alternate emissions limitation for mercury with respect to
such affected unit. Such owner or operator shall submit to the
Administrator mercury emissions data measured by a CEMS that complies
with subsection (d) for evaluation. If the Administrator determines
that such owner or operator has properly installed and operated such
CEMS and control technology designed to achieve such annual average
emission limitation and is unable to meet such limitation, the
Administrator may, not later than April 1, 2016, establish an alternate
emissions limitation for mercury with respect to such affected unit
based on the optimal performance of properly installed and operated
control technology.
''(2) With respect to any affected unit, for any year for which an
alternate emissions limitation for mercury is in place for such
affected unit, the Administrator may review such alternate emissions
limitation and impose a more stringent emissions limitation for mercury
for the subsequent year based on new data regarding the demonstrated
control capabilities of the type of control technology installed and
operated at such affected unit.
''(3)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), an owner or
operator of an affected unit failing to achieve the annual average
emission limitation under subsection (a)(2) that notifies the
Administrator of such failure and requests and alternate emissions
limitation for mercury pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be considered in
compliance with this section (and not subject to any excess emissions
penalty) for the period beginning on January 1, 2015, and ending on the
date such an alternate emissions limitation is implemented.
''(B) An owner or operator described in subparagraph (A) shall pay
an excess emissions penalty, as determined under subsection (e)(2), for
the period described in such subparagraph, if such owner or operator
operates or maintains the affected unit, including any associated air
pollution control equipment, in a manner that is inconsistent with good
air pollution control practices for the minimization of mercury
emissions, as determined by the Administrator. In determining whether
the owner or operator of the affected unit operates and maintains the
affected unit in a manner that is consistent with good air pollution
control practices for the minimization of mercury emissions, the
Administrator may review the emissions monitoring data and operating
and maintenance procedures of the affected unit and may inspect the
affected unit.
''(4)(A) With respect to any affected unit for which an alternate
emissions limitation for mercury is in place under this subsection, the
owner or operator of such affected unit that emits mercury in excess of
such alternate emissions limitation shall pay an excess emissions
penalty determined under subparagraph (B).
''(B) The excess emissions penalty for mercury for an owner or
operator of an affected unit described in subparagraph (A) shall be an
amount equal to $50,000 for each pound of mercury emitted in excess of
the alternate emissions limitation for mercury in place for such
affected unit. Such penalty shall be prorated for each fraction of a
pound.
''(g) Sole Limitation on Mercury.--This title shall apply the sole
emission standard or limitation under this Act with regard to the
emission of mercury from electric utility steam generating units and
shall supersede any other such requirement under section 112 or any
other provision of this Act.
''(h) Relationship to Other Law.--Except as otherwise specifically
provided in this title, nothing in this title precludes a State or
political subdivision of a State from adopting or enforcing any
additional requirements for the control or abatement of mercury
emissions, except that no State or political subdivision thereof shall
adopt or attempt to enforce any standard relating to the reduction or
control of mercury emissions from electric utility steam generating
units that is less stringent than the standards provided in this
title.''.

Answer: Mercury Reduction and Energy Security Act of 2010 - Amends the Clean Air Act to require affected units (coal-fired electric steam generating units that have nameplate capacities greater than 25 megawatts and generate electricity for sale) to reduce mercury emissions by the less stringent limitation of: (1) 80% capture of inlet mercury or an emission rate of 1.6 pounds of mercury per trillion British thermal units (Btu) of input coal for the period beginning on January 1, 2012, and ending December 31, 2014; and (2) 90% capture of inlet mercury or an emission rate of 0.8 pounds of mercury per trillion Btu of input coal by 2015 and each year thereafter.

Specifies methods that owners or operators of affected units are required to use as reference methods in calibrating the instruments used to measure the mercury concentrations in emissions from affected units.

Establishes excess emissions penalties for mercury. Sets forth compliance provisions.

Authorizes: (1) owners or operators of affected units that fail to achieve such limitations to request an alternate emission limitation; (2) the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to establish alternate limitations if the Administrator determines that the owner or operator has properly installed and operated continuous emissions monitoring system and control technology designed to achieve such limitations and is unable to achieve such limitations; and (3) the Administrator, after granting alternate limitations, to impose more stringent emissions limitations in subsequent years. Makes such alternate limitations effective January 1, 2015.

Provides that this Act supersedes any other requirement in such Act with regard to the emission of mercury from electric utility steam generating units.

Question: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE AND FINDINGS.

(a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ''Federal Lands
Restoration, Enhancement, Public Education, and Information Resources
Act of 2005''.
(b) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
(1) Violations of laws and regulations applicable to the
use of Federal lands under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of
the Interior or the Secretary of Agriculture often result in
damages to those lands that require expenditures for
restoration activities to mitigate the damages.
(2) Increased public information and education regarding
the laws and regulations applicable to the use of these Federal
lands can help to reduce the frequency of unintentional
violations.
(3) It is appropriate that fines and other monetary
penalties paid as a result of violations of laws and
regulations applicable to the use of these Federal lands be
used to defray the costs of such restoration activities and to
provide such public information and education.

SEC. 2. USE OF FINES FROM VIOLATIONS OF LAWS AND REGULATIONS APPLICABLE
TO PUBLIC LANDS FOR RESTORATION AND INFORMATIONAL
ACTIVITIES.

(a) Lands Under Jurisdiction of Bureau of Land Management.--Section
305 of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C.
1735), is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection:
''(d) Use of Collected Fines.--
''(1) Availability and authorized use.--Any moneys received
by the United States as a result of a fine imposed under
section 3571 of title 18, United States Code, for a violation
of a regulation prescribed under section 303(a) shall be
available to the Secretary, without further appropriation and
until expended, for the following purposes:
''(A) To cover the cost to the United States of any
improvement, protection, or rehabilitation work on the
public lands rendered necessary by the action which led
to the fine or by similar actions.
''(B) To increase public awareness of regulations
and other requirements regarding the use of the public
lands.
''(2) Treatment of excess funds.--Moneys referred to in
paragraph (1) that the Secretary determines are excess to the
amounts necessary to carry out the purposes specified in such
paragraph shall be transferred to the Crime Victims Fund
established by section 1402 of the Victims of Crime Act of 1984
(42 U.S.C. 10601).''.
(b) National Park System Lands.--Section 3 of the National Park
Service Organic Act (16 U.S.C. 3), is amended--
(1) by striking ''That the Secretary'' the first place it
appears and inserting ''(a) Regulations for Use and Management
of National Park System; Enforcement.--The Secretary'';
(2) by striking ''He may also'' the first place it appears
and inserting the following:
''(b) Special Management Authorities.--The Secretary of the
Interior may'';
(3) by striking ''He may also'' the second place it appears
and inserting ''The Secretary may'';
(4) by striking ''No natural,'' and inserting the
following:
''(c) Lease and Permit Authorities.--No natural''; and
(5) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
''(d) Use of Collected Fines.--
''(1) Availability and authorized use.--Any moneys received
by the United States as a result of a fine imposed under
section 3571 of title 18, United States Code, for a violation
of a rule or regulation prescribed under this section shall be
available to the Secretary of the Interior, without further
appropriation and until expended, for the following purposes:
''(A) To cover the cost to the United States of any
improvement, protection, or rehabilitation work on the
National Park System lands rendered necessary by the
action which led to the fine or by similar actions.
''(B) To increase public awareness of rules,
regulations, and other requirements regarding the use
of such lands.
''(2) Treatment of excess funds.--Moneys referred to in
paragraph (1) that the Secretary determines are excess to the
amounts necessary to carry out the purposes specified in such
paragraph shall be transferred to the Crime Victims Fund
established by section 1402 of the Victims of Crime Act of 1984
(42 U.S.C. 10601).''.
(c) National Wildlife Refuge System Lands.--Subsection (f) of
section 4 of the National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of
1966 (16 U.S.C. 668dd) is amended by adding at the end the following
new paragraphs:
''(3) Use of collected fines.--Any moneys received by the
United States as a result of a fine imposed under section 3571
of title 18, United States Code, for a violation of this Act or
a regulation issued thereunder shall be available to the
Secretary, without further appropriation and until expended,
for the following purposes:
''(A) To cover the cost to the United States of any
improvement, protection, or rehabilitation work on the
System lands rendered necessary by the action which led
to the fine or by similar actions.
''(B) To increase public awareness of rules,
regulations, and other requirements regarding the use
of System lands.
''(4) Treatment of excess funds.--Moneys referred to in
paragraph (3) that the Secretary determines are excess to the
amounts necessary to carry out the purposes specified in such
paragraph shall be transferred to the Crime Victims Fund
established by section 1402 of the Victims of Crime Act of 1984
(42 U.S.C. 10601).''.
(d) National Forest System Lands.--The eleventh undesignated
paragraph under the heading ''surveying the public lands'' of the Act
of June 4, 1897 (16 U.S.C. 551), is amended----
(1) by inserting before the first sentence the following:

''SEC. 551. PROTECTION OF NATIONAL FOREST SYSTEM LANDS; REGULATIONS.

''(a) Regulations for Use and Protection of National Forest
System.--'';
(2) by striking ''destruction; and any violation'' and
inserting the following: ''destruction.
''(b) Violations; Penalties.--Any violation''; and
(3) by adding at the end the following new subsection:
''(c) Use of Collected Fines.--
''(1) Availability and authorized use.--Any moneys received
by the United States as a result of a collateral payment in
lieu of appearance or a fine imposed under section 3571 of
title 18, United States Code, for a violation of a regulation
issued under subsection (a) shall be available to the Secretary
of Agriculture, without further appropriation and until
expended, for the following purposes:
''(A) To cover the cost to the United States of any
improvement, protection, or rehabilitation work on
National Forest System lands rendered necessary by the
action which led to the fine or payment.
''(B) To increase public awareness of rules,
regulations, and other requirements regarding the use
of such lands.
''(2) Treatment of excess funds.--Moneys referred to in
paragraph (1) that the Secretary of Agriculture determines are
excess to the amounts necessary to carry out the purposes
specified in such paragraph shall be transferred to the Crime
Victims Fund established by section 1402 of the Victims of
Crime Act of 1984 (42 U.S.C. 10601).''.

Answer:
Federal Lands Restoration, Enhancement, Public Education, and Information Resources Act of 2005 - Amends the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976, the National Park Service Organic Act, the National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act of 1966, and Federal law relating to National Forest System Lands, to make available any moneys received from fines or any moneys received from collateral payments in lieu of appearance for violations of rules and regulations applicable to Federal lands under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Interior or the Secretary of Agriculture for certain restoration and public informational activities on such lands. Transfers any such excess funds to the Crime Victims Fund established under the Victims of Crime Act of 1984.