Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: As anyone who has tried to lose weight knows, realistic goal-setting generally produces the best results. That's partially because it appears people who set realistic goals actually work more efficiently, and exert more effort, to achieve those goals. What are far less understood by scientists, however, are the potentially harmful effects of goal-setting. There has been surprisingly little research on how the practice may have contributed to the current economic crisis and unethical behavior in general. "Goals are widely used and promoted as having really beneficial effects. And yet, the same motivation that can push people to exert more effort in a constructive way could also motivate people to be more likely to engage in unethical behaviors," says Maurice Schweitzer, an associate professor of operations and information management at Penn's Wharton School. His paper, titled "Goals Gone Wild: The Systematic Side Effects of Over-Prescribing Goal Setting," appears in the February issue of the Academy of Management Perspectives. "It turns out there's no economic benefit to just having a goal-you just get a psychological benefit and that's quite motivating in itself," Schweitzer says. "But in many cases, goals have economic rewards that make them more powerful." A prime example Schweitzer and his colleagues give is the 2004 closing down of energy-trading titan Enron, where managers used financial rewards to motivate salesmen to meet specific sales goals. The problem, Schweitzer says, is the actual trades were not earning money. Other studies have shown that pressing employees with unrealistic goals can force them to lie, cheat or steal. Such was the case, Schweitzer says, in the early 1990s when Sears imposed a sales target on its auto repair staff. It resulted in employees overcharging for work and completing unnecessary repairs on a companywide basis. Schweitzer admits his research run against a very large body of literature that praises the many benefits of goal-setting. Edwin A. Locke, from the University... Question: What does Maurice Schweitzer want to show by giving the example of Enron? - Goals with financial rewards have strong motivational power. - Businesses are less likely to succeed without setting realistic goals. - Financial rewards ensure companies meet specific sales goals. - Setting realistic goals can turn a failing business into success.
Goals with financial rewards have strong motivational power.

Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: Upset by reading bad news daily,Neil Pasricha decided to try to focus on the positive and come up with l,000 simple,free,good things,posting one each day on a blog . Pasricha,aged 30,said his blog aimed to focus on life's simple pleasures,such as finding forgotten money in a pocket, or fixing a TV set with a heavy blow.Little did he realize his blog would attract 40,000 people a day to join his discussions.He was amazed to win two Webby awards.known as "the Oscars of the Internet,'' something positive at a time when his marriage broke up and one of his closest friends killed himself. "I turned the worst year of my life into my best year by focusing on the positive," Pasricha told reporters in a telephone interview."Every day I try to find something that is happy,free and universal to share, 1ike the smell of a bakery or when a cashier opens up a new line at a store*" Pasricha said when he began his blog in June 2008 he thought he might have trouble finding out l,000 simple, happy moments in life but now he is more than halfway through and ideas keep crowding in,from himself and from followers of his blog. "These moments can start a huge conversation.Most of our life is really about hitting green lights on the way home from work,or waking up before your alarm clock rings and realizing you have more time in bed. But it is those small moments we forget about." Although his blog got a great success.Pasrieha does not want to change his daily life."I travel regularly for an hour a day to work.I like work because I like the people in my office.I'm not a writer and I don't know the writing skills either.I just like observing the world and putting it down." he said. Question: We know from the passage that Pasricha _ . - has finished collecting 1,000 simple,free,happy things - gets ideas for l,000 simple,free,happy things on his own - is on his way to collecting 1,000 simple,free,happy things - gets ideas for l,000 simple,flee,happy things with trouble
is on his way to collecting 1,000 simple,free,happy things

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Read the following article and select the best answer. Article: Researchers believe the mobile phone system makes young people less thoughtful and more likely to make mistakes elsewhere in life. Hitting a few keys and then seeing the desired word appear in full trains children to be fast but inaccurate when doing other things, according to Australian scientists. They warn that this could have _ throughout the country, especially as more than 9 out of 10 16-year-olds now own a mobile phone as well as 40 percent of primary schoolchildren. In a new study, Professor Michael Abramson, a researcher at Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, analyzed the mobile phone use of children aged between 11 and 14 and their ability to carry out a number of computer tests. A quarter of the children made more than 15 voice calls a week and a quarter of them wrote more than 20 text messages a week. When researchers studied the way in which the children handled IQ-type tests they found that increased mobile phone use appears to change the way their brains work. Prof Abramson said, "The kids who used their phones a lot were faster on some of the tests, but were less accurate. "We suspect that using mobile phones a lot, particularly tools like predictive texts for SMS (Short Message Service), is training them to be fast but inaccurate. "Their brains are still developing, so if there are effects then potentially it could have effects in the future. "The use of mobile phones is changing the way children learn and pushing them to become more impulsive in the way they behave." Experts concerned about the possible impact of mobile phone radiation on developing brains have given a warning over children's use of them. But Prof Abramson says the amount of radiation given off when texting is a mere 0.03 percent of that given off during voice calls - suggesting radiation is not to blame for the brain effects. Instead, he thinks predictive texting could be doing the damage. The study was published in the journal Bioelectromagnetics and disagreed with previous studies which suggested that text... Question: Which of the following is the best title for the passage? - Mobile phone use is training children to be fast - Children use mobile phones much more than before - The negative impacts of mobile phone radiation - Text messaging is making children more impulsive
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Text messaging is making children more impulsive