Answer the following question given this paragraph: The epidermis of the leaf consists of a single layer of tightly-packed dermal cells. They secrete waxy cuticle to prevent evaporation of water from the leaf. The epidermis has tiny pores called stomata (singular, stoma) that control transpiration and gas exchange with the air. Figure below explains how stomata carry out this vital function. Q: The epidermis of the leaf consists of a single layer of which cells? A:
OPTIONS:
- endothermic cells
- insular cells
- chloroplasm
- dermal cells
dermal cells

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What two microorganisms have different membrane lipids? A:
OPTIONS:
- microsporidia and bacteria
- mesozoic and bacteria
- algae and bacteria
- archaea and bacteria

Answer: archaea and bacteria

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: part of a vertebrate endoskeleton that encloses and protects the brain; also called the skull. Q: The skull is a part of a vertebrate endoskeleton that encloses and protects what organ? A:
OPTIONS:
- nervous system
- lung
- heart
- brain
Answer: brain

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The modern day formulation of gun powder is called black powder. It is still commonly used today. Its formulation is still quite similar to what was used in 9 th century China. Black powder is considered a low explosive. It is a mixture that burns quickly, but the resulting shock wave travels at subsonic speeds. The speed at which it burns is dependent on the accessibility of oxygen atoms to the carbon source. In contrast, high explosives like nitroglycerin detonate instead of burning, creating shock waves that are supersonic (faster than the speed of sound). Q: High explosives create shock waves that exceed the speed of sound, a phenomenon that goes by what term? A:
OPTIONS:
- light speed
- ion speed
- turbulence
- supersonic
output: supersonic

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Metals have a wide range of melting points, but most are quite high. Only one metal (mercury) melts below room temperature. Others (such as gallium) are solid at room temperature but would melt at body temperature, so they can be melted simply by holding them in your hand. On the other end of the spectrum, tungsten has a melting point of 3422C. Figure below shows the melting points of various elements in their most common pure form. Q: Name the one metal that melts below room temperature? A:

OPTIONS:
- aluminum
- gold
- bronze
- mercury

A: mercury

Answer the following question given this paragraph: For example, your body has an internal thermostat. During a winter day, in your house a thermostat senses the temperature in a room and responds by turning on or off the heater. Your body acts in much the same way. When body temperature rises, receptors in the skin and the brain sense the temperature change. The temperature change triggers a command from the brain. This command can cause several responses. If you are too hot, the skin makes sweat and blood vessels near the skin surface dilate. This response helps decrease body temperature. Q: Like a house, your body has what kind of mechanism that responds to changes in temperature? A:
OPTIONS:
- external thermostat
- mechanical thermostat
- sensitive thermostat
- internal thermostat
internal thermostat