TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
PROBLEM: Context: Harun al-Rashid (, "Hrn Ar-Rasd"; in English: Aaron the Just, 17 March 763 or February 766 24 March 809 (148-193 Hijri) was the fifth Abbasid Caliph. His birth date is debated, with various sources giving dates from 763 to 766. His surname translates to "the Just", "the Upright", or "the Rightly-Guided"; fully translated, his name means "Aaron the Just". Al-Rashid ruled from 786 to 809, during the peak of the Islamic Golden Age. His time was marked by scientific, cultural, and religious prosperity. Islamic art and music also flourished significantly during his reign. He established the legendary library Bayt al-Hikma ("House of Wisdom") in Baghdad in present-day Iraq, and during his rule Baghdad began to flourish as a center of knowledge, culture and trade. During his rule, the family of Barmakids, which played a deciding role in establishing the Abbasid Caliphate, declined gradually. In 796, he moved his court and government to Ar-Raqqah in present-day Syria., Tehran ( "Tehrn") is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With a population of around 9 million in the city and 16 million in the wider metropolitan area, Tehran is the most populous city of Iran, the 2nd-most populous city in Western Asia and the 3rd-largest metropolitan area in the Middle East. It is ranked 29th in the world by the population of its metropolitan area., Nobakht Ahvazi ((or Naubakht Ahvaz) also transliterated "Naubakht") and his sons lived in the 8th - 9th centuries AD, and were astrologers from Ahvaz (in the present-day Khuzestan Province of Iran)., Khuzestan Province ("Ostn-e Khzestn") is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the southwest of the country, bordering Iraq and the Persian Gulf. Its capital is Ahvaz and it covers an area of 63,238km. Other major cities include Behbahan, Abadan, Andimeshk, Khorramshahr, Bandar Imam, Dezful, Shushtar, Omidiyeh, Izeh, Baq-e-Malek, Mah Shahr, Susangerd, Ramhormoz, Shadegan, Susa, Masjed Soleiman, Minoo Island and Hoveizeh. In 2014 it was placed in Region 4., Baghdad is the capital of the Republic of Iraq. The population of Baghdad, , is approximately 7.216.040 making it the largest city in Iraq, the second largest city in the Arab world (after Cairo, Egypt), and the second largest city in Western Asia (after Tehran, Iran)., Western Asia, West Asia, Southwestern Asia or Southwest Asia is the westernmost subregion of Asia. The concept is in limited use, as it significantly overlaps with the Middle East (or Near East), the main difference being the exclusion of Egypt (which would be counted as part of North Africa). The term is sometimes used for the purposes of grouping countries in statistics., Iran (, also , ; ' ), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (' ), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the "de facto" Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and Azerbaijan; to the north by the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Comprising a land area of , it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world. With 82.8 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th-most-populous country. It is the only country with both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, make it of great geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic center., Ahvaz or Ahwaz is a city in the southwest of Iran, and the capital of the oil and natural gas wealthy Khuzestan province. At the 2011 census, its population was 1,112,021 and its built-up ("or metro") area with Sheybany was home to 1,136,989 inhabitants. Iran's only navigable river, Karun passes by the middle of the city. It has a long history dating back to the Achaemenid period. In the ancient times, it had been one of the main centers of the Academy of Gondishapur. , The araB gene promoter is a bacterial promoter, activated by e L-arabinose binding., Cairo (; ', ') is the capital and largest city of Egypt. The city's metropolitan area is the largest in the Middle East and the Arab world, and 15th-largest in the world, and is associated with ancient Egypt, as the famous Giza pyramid complex and the ancient city of Memphis are located in its geographical area. Located near the Nile Delta, modern Cairo was founded in 969CE by Jawhar al-Siqilli ("the Sicilian") of the Fatimid dynasty, but the land composing the present-day city was the site of ancient national capitals whose remnants remain visible in parts of Old Cairo. Cairo has long been a center of the region's political and cultural life, and is nicknamed "the city of a thousand minarets" for its preponderance of Islamic architecture., The Arab world ('; formally: '), also known as the Arab nation (""), consists of the 22 Arabic-speaking countries of the Arab League. These Arab states occupy an area stretching from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Arabian Sea in the east, and from the Mediterranean Sea in the north to the Horn of Africa and the Indian Ocean in the southeast. The contemporary Arab world has a combined population of around 422 million people, over half of whom are under 25 years of age., Egypt (; ', , "Kimi"), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. Egypt is a Mediterranean country bordered by the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Gulf of Aqaba to the east, the Red Sea to the east and south, Sudan to the south, and Libya to the west. Across the Gulf of Aqaba lies Jordan, and across from the Sinai Peninsula lies Saudi Arabia, although Jordan and Saudi Arabia do not share a land border with Egypt. It is the world's only contiguous Afrasian nation., Iraq (, or ; '; '), officially known as the Republic of Iraq ('; ') is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest, and Syria to the west. The capital, and largest city, is Baghdad. The main ethnic groups are Arabs and Kurds; others include Assyrians, Turkmen, Shabakis, Yazidis, Armenians, Mandeans, Circassians, and Kawliya. Around 95% of the country's 36 million citizens are Muslims, with Christianity, Yarsan, Yezidism, and Mandeanism also present. The official languages of Iraq are Arabic and Kurdish., Syria, officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (""), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest. Syria's capital and largest city is Damascus., Al - Fadl ibn Naubakht , ( also written Nowbakht ) , was an 8th - century Persian scholar at the court of the Caliph Harun al - Rashid . He was son of the famous Naubakht , a former Zoroastrian , who had designed Baghdad . Fadl was appointed by the Caliph as chief librarian of the Khiznat al - Hikmah ( The Treasury of Knowledge ) , which later came to be known as The House of Wisdom . He also wrote astrological treatises , and his skills in translation were used to access Greek texts extensively ., Subject: al-fadl ibn naubakht, Relation: country_of_citizenship, Options: (A) abbasid caliphate (B) ancient egypt (C) arab (D) armenia (E) armenians (F) egypt (G) iran (H) iraq (I) israel (J) jordan (K) oman (L) saudi arabia (M) sudan (N) syria (O) turkey

SOLUTION: abbasid caliphate

PROBLEM: Context: 0304 is the fifth studio album by American singer Jewel. It was released on June 3, 2003 by Atlantic Records. Inspired by the sudden success of scoring a number one on the US "Billboard" Hot Dance Club Play chart with "Serve the Ego"the final single from her previous album, "This Way"in early November 2002, Jewel decided to make a radical departure from her previous folk-oriented musical efforts and recorded a dance album., Atlantic Recording Corporation (simply known as Atlantic Records) is an American record label founded in October 1947 by Ahmet Ertegun and Herb Abramson. Over its first 20 years of operation, Atlantic Records earned a reputation as one of the most important American recording labels, specializing in jazz, R&B and soul recordings by African-American musicians including Aretha Franklin, Ray Charles, Wilson Pickett, Sam and Dave, Ruth Brown and Otis Redding, a position greatly enhanced by its distribution deal with Stax Records. In 1967, Atlantic Records became a wholly owned subsidiary of Warner Bros.-Seven Arts, now the Warner Music Group, and expanded into rock and pop music with releases by bands such as Led Zeppelin and Yes., Pieces of You is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Jewel, released on February 28, 1995 by Atlantic Recordings. The album was produced by Ben Keith, who has also produced works for artists such as Neil Young and Patsy Cline., Singer-songwriters are musicians who write, compose, and perform their own musical material, including lyrics and melodies., '' Again and Again '' is the lead single taken from Jewel 's sixth studio album , Goodbye Alice In Wonderland . Promotional singles of the song were sent out in late February 2006 ( US ) ; however , the single did n't start to gain airplay till about mid-April 2006 ., Goodbye Alice in Wonderland is the sixth studio album by singer-songwriter Jewel, released on May 2, 2006, through Atlantic Records. The album marks a return to her musical roots after "0304", and trying to write an autobiographical album like she did with "Pieces of You". The album was written in the form of a novel with each track representing a chapter. Although the first official single was "Again & Again", the title track "Goodbye Alice in Wonderland" debuted a month earlier on her website as an Internet exclusive. The second single, "Good Day" was released to radio in late June 2006. The next single was "Stephenville, TX". A video for it can be seen on Yahoo! Launch., Subject: again and again , Relation: followed_by, Options: (A) 1967 (B) 2 (C) a (D) again (E) album (F) alice (G) aretha (H) as (I) atlantic (J) be (K) ben (L) can (M) dance (N) departure (O) february 28 (P) fifth (Q) first (R) good day (S) goodbye (T) goodbye alice in wonderland (U) hot (V) is (W) jazz (X) jewel (Y) material (Z) may ([) may 2 (\) melodies (]) november (^) now (_) number one (') october (a) over (b) pieces (c) record (d) records (e) roots (f) serve the ego (g) single (h) success (i) the album (j) the final (k) the first (l) the second (m) this (n) us (o) wilson (p) works (q) years (r) yes (s) you (t) young

SOLUTION: good day

PROBLEM: Context: A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or another river. In some cases a river flows into the ground and becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of water. Small rivers can be referred to using names such as stream, creek, brook, rivulet, and rill. There are no official definitions for the generic term river as applied to geographic features, although in some countries or communities a stream is defined by its size. Many names for small rivers are specific to geographic location; examples are "run" in some parts of the United States, "burn" in Scotland and northeast England, and "beck" in northern England. Sometimes a river is defined as being larger than a creek, but not always: the language is vague., The Indus River, also called Darya-e-Sindh or Sindh River or Absn, is a major south-flowing river in South Asia. The total length of the river is which makes it one of the longest rivers in Asia. Originating in the western part of Tibet in the vicinity of Mount Kailash and Lake Manasarovar, the river runs a course through Ladakh, Gilgit-Baltistan, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and then flows along the entire length of Punjab to merge into the Arabian Sea near the city of Thatta in Sindh. It is the longest river of Pakistan., Kabul (Pashto/) is the capital of Afghanistan as well as its largest city, located in the eastern section of the country. According to a 2015 estimate, the population of the city was around 3,678,033 which includes all the major ethnic groups. Rapid urbanization had made Kabul the world's 64th largest city and the fifth fastest-growing city in the world., Shahidan / ( also Shaidan , Dari / Hazaragi language : ) is located in Bamiyan. , about 260 km ( 160 mi ) northwest of Kabul and west of Bamiyan city , the provincial capital of Bamiyan Province . A large place between two famous mountain ranges Koh - i - Baba and Hindu Kush . Shahidan had a population of 25,500 . Also a large part of Shahidan people are as refugees outside the country , especially in Iran and Pakistan ., The Baba Mountain range ("Baba ar"; "Koh-e Baba") is the western extension of the Hindu Kush, and the origin of Afghanistan's Kabul, Helmand, Arghandab and the Hari River. The mountain range is crowned by Foladi peak ("Shah Fuladi") rising 4951 m; 16,244 ft. above sea level, and is located south of Bamyan, Afghanistan., Afghan (Pashto also Persian: ; see "etymology") refers to someone or something from Afghanistan, in particular a citizen of that country. Prior to the rise of the nation as Afghanistan, it was used by Persian speakers and those influenced by the Persian language to denote the Pashtun people. In modern times, "Afghan" is rarely used as an ethnic term for the Pashtuns, but is rather used as the national demonym for all citizens of Afghanistan Pashtuns, Tajiks, and also a large number of Hazaras, Uzbeks, Aimaqs, Turkmens, Balochs, Nuristanis, Pashayis, Pamiris, Arabs, and others.
According to the "Encyclopdia Iranica", the word Afghan (afn) in current political usage means any citizen of Afghanistan, regardless of their tribal or religious affiliation. According to the 1964 Constitution of Afghanistan, all Afghans are equal in rights and obligations before the law. The fourth article of the current Constitution of Afghanistan states that citizens of Afghanistan consist of Pashtuns, Tajiks, Hazara, Uzbek, Turkmen, Aymaq, Arab, Baluch, Pashayi, Nuristani, Qezelbash, Gujjars, Brahui, and members of other tribes., Pakistan (or ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is a federal parliamentary republic in South Asia on crossroads of Central Asia and Western Asia. It is the sixth-most populous country with a population exceeding 200 million people. It is the 36th largest country in the world in terms of area with an area covering . Pakistan has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan to the west, Iran to the southwest and China in the far northeast respectively. It is separated from Tajikistan by Afghanistan's narrow Wakhan Corridor in the north, and also shares a maritime border with Oman., Urbanization refers to the population shift from rural to urban areas, "the gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas", and the ways in which each society adapts to the change. It is predominantly the process by which towns and cities are formed and become larger as more people begin living and working in central areas. The United Nations projected that half of the world's population would live in urban areas at the end of 2008. It is predicted that by 2050 about 64% of the developing world and 86% of the developed world will be urbanized. That is equivalent to approximately 3 billion urbanites by 2050, much of which will occur in Africa and Asia. Notably, the United Nations has also recently projected that nearly all global population growth from 2016 to 2030 will be absorbed by cities, about 1.1 billion new urbanites over the next 14 years., Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari: , "Afnistn"), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia. It has a population of approximately 32 million, making it the 42nd most populous country in the world. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and east; Iran in the west; Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan in the north; and China in the far northeast. Its territory covers , making it the 41st largest country in the world., Pashto (; "Paxt" ), also known in older literature as Afghn or Pahn, is the South-Central Asian language of the Pashtuns. Its speakers are called Pashtuns or Pukhtuns and sometimes Afghans or Pathans. It is an Eastern Iranian language, belonging to the Indo-European family. Pashto is one of the two official languages of Afghanistan, and it is the second-largest regional language of Pakistan, mainly spoken in the west and northwest of the country. Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) are almost 100% Pashto-speaking, while it is the majority language of the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the northern districts of Balochistan. Pashto is the main language among the Pashtun diaspora around the world. The total number of Pashto-speakers is estimated to be 4560 million people worldwide., The Amu Darya ('; /; //; '), also called the Amu River and historically known by its Latin name, , is a major river in Central Asia. It is formed by the junction of the Vakhsh and Panj rivers, at Qal'eh-ye Panjeh in Afghanistan, and flows from there north-westwards into the southern remnants of the Aral Sea. In ancient times, the river was regarded as the boundary between Greater Iran and Turan., The Hindu Kush (Pashto, Persian and ), also known in Ancient Greek as the Caucasus Indicus or Paropamisadae, is an mountain range that stretches near the Afghan-Pakistan border, from central Afghanistan to northern Pakistan. It forms the western section of the "Hindu Kush Himalayan Region" ("HKH"). It divides the valley of the Amu Darya (the ancient "Oxus") to the north from the Indus River valley to the south., The Paropamisadae, also known by other names, were a people who lived in the area of Afghanistan and northern Pakistan during classical antiquity. The name was also used to refer to the lands these people inhabited, properly known as .
Name.
"Paropamisadae" is the latinized form of the Greek name "Paropamisadai", used to refer to the inhabitants of the land of "Paropamisus" ("Paropamisos") in the Hindu Kush. The name derived from the Old Persian "Para-upari-sena" ("Beyond the Raised Land"), which properly referred to the Peshawar Valley on the other side of the mountains from Persia, with its major settlements at Peshawar and Charsadda in what is now Pakistan's Gandhara district., Subject: shahidan, Relation: country, Options: (A) afghanistan (B) india (C) iran (D) ladakh (E) pakistan (F) scotland (G) tajikistan (H) tibet (I) united states (J) world (K) worldwide

SOLUTION:
afghanistan