Answer the following question given this paragraph: Fermat's Principle states that light will always take the path of least amount of time (not distance). This principle governs the paths light will take and explains the familiar phenomena of reflection, refraction, lenses and diffraction. Light rarely travels in a straight-line path. When photons interact with electrons in matter the time it takes for this interaction determines the path. For example, higher frequency blue light is refracted more than red because blue wavelengths interacts more frequently with electrons than red wavelengths and the path of least time is for blue to bend more then red in order to get out of this 'slow' area faster. The rainbows we see are a result of this. Fermat's Principle explains the many fascinating phenomena of light from rainbows to sunsets to the haloes around the moon. Q: Fermat's principle states that light will always take the path of least amount of? Choices: - energy - momentum - resistance - time A:
time
(Question)
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Vertebral Column Developmental anomalies, pathological changes, or obesity can enhance the normal vertebral column curves, resulting in the development of abnormal or excessive curvatures (Figure 7.21). Kyphosis, also referred to as humpback or hunchback, is an excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic region. This can develop when osteoporosis causes weakening and erosion of the anterior portions of the upper thoracic vertebrae, resulting in their gradual collapse (Figure 7.22). Lordosis, or swayback, is an excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar region and is most commonly associated with obesity or late pregnancy. The accumulation of body weight in the abdominal region results an anterior shift in the line of gravity that carries the weight of the body. This causes in an anterior tilt of the pelvis and a pronounced enhancement of the lumbar curve. Scoliosis is an abnormal, lateral curvature, accompanied by twisting of the vertebral column. Compensatory curves may also develop in other areas of the vertebral column to help maintain the head positioned over the feet. Scoliosis is the most common vertebral abnormality among girls. The cause is usually unknown, but it may result from weakness of the back muscles, defects such as differential growth rates in the right and left sides of the vertebral column, or differences in the length of the lower limbs. When present, scoliosis tends to get worse during adolescent growth spurts. Although most individuals do not require treatment, a back brace may be recommended for growing children. In extreme cases, surgery may be required. Excessive vertebral curves can be identified while an individual stands in the anatomical position. Observe the vertebral profile from the side and then from behind to check for kyphosis or lordosis. Then have the person bend forward. If scoliosis is present, an individual will have difficulty in bending directly forward, and the right and left sides of the back will not be level with each other in the bent position. Q: An excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic region is also known as what? Choices: - lordosis - babesiosis - osmosis - kyphosis A:
(Answer)
kyphosis
Ques: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Visible Light The range of photon energies for visible light from red to violet is 1.63 to 3.26 eV, respectively (left for this chapter's Problems and Exercises to verify). These energies are on the order of those between outer electron shells in atoms and molecules. This means that these photons can be absorbed by atoms and molecules. A single photon can actually stimulate the retina, for example, by altering a receptor molecule that then triggers a nerve impulse. Photons can be absorbed or emitted only by atoms and molecules that have precisely the correct quantized energy step to do so. For example, if a red photon of frequency f encounters a molecule that has an energy step,. Q: What kind of light ranges from red to violet? Choices: - infrared light - x rays - ultraviolet light - visible light A:
Ans: visible light
(Q).
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Tides in the ocean can also turn a turbine to create electricity. This energy can then be stored until needed ( Figure below ). Q: A turbine using tides in the ocean can create what type of energy? Choices: - conversion - diffused - kinetic - electricity A:
(A).
electricity
Ques:Answer the following question given this paragraph: Diseases of the cardiovascular system are common and may be life threatening. Examples include atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. A healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of such diseases developing. This includes avoiding smoking, getting regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy percent of body fat. Q: Atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease are examples of what type of body system disease? Choices: - connective system - digestive system - excretory system - cardiovascular system A:

Ans:cardiovascular system
Answer the following question given this paragraph: In addition to these properties, other physical properties of matter include the state of matter. States of matter include liquid, solid, and gaseous states. For example at 20C, coal exists as a solid and water exists as a liquid. Additional examples of physical properties include:. Q: Gas, liquid, and solid describe what property of matter? Choices: - Chemical - Physical - Quatitative - states A:
states