instruction:
You are given a paragraph, a question and some answer options (associated with "A", "B", "C", "D", etc.) You need to list all the correct answer options with their associated letters (e.g. "A" can be a valid answer). Note that sometimes, more than one option can answer the question correctly and completely. In those cases, please generate all such options separated by a comma (e.g. "A, B" is a valid answer). Do not generate anything else apart from one or more of the following characters: 'A', 'B, 'C', 'D', etc.
question:
Paragraph- Sent 1: Triumph and Disaster: The 20th century saw a stupendous release of energies that had been pent up for the 250 years of Tokugawa isolation.
Sent 2: By 1930 raw-material production had tripled the figure of 1900, manufactured goods had increased twelve-fold, and heavy industry was galloping towards maturity.
Sent 3: Britain led the World War I Ailies in large orders for munitions, while Japan expanded sales of manufactured goods to Asian and other markets cut off from their usual European suppliers.
Sent 4: Merchant shipping doubled in size and increased its income ten-fold as the European fleets were destroyed.
Sent 5: Setbacks in the 1930s caused by the European postwar slump were only a spur to redouble efforts by diversifying heavy industry into the machine-making, metallurgical, and chemical sectors.
Sent 6: Even the terrible 1923 Tokyo earthquake, which cost over 100,000 lives and billions of dollars, provided another stimulus due to the construction boom that followed.
Sent 7: Riding the crest of this economic upsurge were the zaibatsu conglomeratesa dozen family-run combines, each involved in mining, manufacturing, marketing, shipping, and banking.
Sent 8: These tightly controlled commercial pyramids were the true heirs to the old feudal structures.
Sent 9: Japan's progress toward parliamentary democracy was halted in the 1930s by the growing nationalism being imposed on government by the generals and admirals.
Sent 10: They proclaimed Japan's mission to bring progress to its backward Asian neighbors in language not so very different from that of the Europeans in Africa or the US in Latin America.
Sent 11: After the Russian Revolution of 1917, the Soviet Union was regarded as a major threat to Japan's security, and the army felt it needed Manchuria and whatever other Chinese territory it could control as a buffer against Russian advances.
Sent 12: In 1931 the Japanese occupied Manchuria.
Sent 13: And then in 1937, with the popular support of ultra-right-wing groups, the army overrode parliamentary resistance in Tokyo and went to war against the Chinese Nationalists.
Sent 14: By 1938, they held Nanking, Hankow, and Canton.
Sent 15: Japanese expansionist policies were leading to direct confrontation with the West.
Sent 16: Japan hoped that war in Europe would divert the Soviet Union from interference in East Asia, giving Japan a free hand both in China and, through its alliance with Germany, in French IndoChina after the defeat of France.
Sent 17: The US responded to the Japanese invasion of IndoChina with a trade and fuel embargo, cutting off 90 percent of Japan's supplies.
Sent 18: The result was the attack on the American fleet at Pearl Harbor (7 December 1941) and total war.
Question: Why did japan occupy Manchuria in 1931? (A) To build ships (B) Japan believed it needed the territory to buffer against Russian advances (C) As a buffer against Russian advances (D) To build a defensive area against the Russians (E) To buffer against Chinese advances (F) To spread Japanese culture (G) To protect japan from Russian invasion.
answer:
B, C, D, G.

question:
Paragraph- Sent 1: The National Security Act of 1947 created the position of Director of Central Intelligence (DCI).
Sent 2: Independent from the departments of Defense, State, Justice, and other policy departments, the DCI heads the U.S.intelligence community and provides intelligence to federal entities.
Sent 3: The sole element of the intelligence community independent from a cabinet agency is the CIA.
Sent 4: As an independent agency, it collects, analyzes, and disseminates intelligence from all sources.
Sent 5: The CIA's number one customer is the president of the United States, who also has the authority to direct it to conduct covert operations.
Sent 6: Although covert actions represent a very small fraction of the Agency's entire budget, these operations have at times been controversial and over time have dominated the public's perception of the CIA.
Sent 7: The DCI is confirmed by the Senate but is not technically a member of the president's cabinet.
Sent 8: The director's power under federal law over the loose, confederated "intelligence community" is limited.
Sent 9: He or she states the community's priorities and coordinates development of intelligence agency budget requests for submission to Congress.
Sent 10: This responsibility gives many the false impression that the DCI has line authority over the heads of these agencies and has the power to shift resources within these budgets as the need arises.
Sent 11: Neither is true.
Sent 12: In fact, the DCI's real authority has been directly proportional to his personal closeness to the president, which has waxed and waned over the years, and to others in government, especially the secretary of defense.
Sent 13: Intelligence agencies under the Department of Defense account for approximately 80 percent of all U.S. spending for intelligence, including some that supports a national customer base and some that supports specific Defense Department or military service needs.
Sent 14: As they are housed in the Defense Department, these agencies are keenly attentive to the military's strategic and tactical requirements.
Question: Who coordinates development of intelligence agency budget requests for submission to Congress? (A) CIA (B) The President (C) Assistant Director of Central Intelligence (D) President of the United States (E) Director of Central Intelligence (F) The Vice President (G) DCI (H) Senators.
answer:
E, G.

question:
Paragraph- Sent 1: As for the Italians, we know that Paesiello, who was a famous intriguer against his musical rivals, was a devoted husband whose wife was an invalid and who died soon after her death.
Sent 2: Cherubini married Mademoiselle Cecile Turette, when he was thirty-five, and the marriage was not a success.
Sent 3: He left a son and two daughters.
Sent 4: Spontini, one of whose best operas was based on the life of that much mis-married enthusiast for divorce, John Milton, took to wife a member of the Erard family.
Sent 5: In the outer world Spontini was famous for his despotism, his jealousy, his bad temper, and his excessive vanity.
Sent 6: None of these qualities as a rule add much to home comfort, and yet, it is said that he lived happily with his wife.
Sent 7: We may feel sure that some of the bad light thrown on his character is due purely to the jealousy of rivals, when we consider his domestic content, his ardent interest in the welfare of Mozart's widow and children, and the great efforts he made to secure subscriptions for the widow's biography of Mozart.
Question: Who took an ardent interest in the welfare of Mozart's widow and children? (A) Cherubini (B) Paesiello (C) Spontini.
answer:
C.