Q: What term describes the number of items in a given area or volume? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: In its most general form, concentration describes the number of items in a given area or volume. The units generally depend on the types of items being counted. For example, if we were to calculate the concentration of people that live in a city, we would divide the total number of people by the area. If we measured the area in square miles, the units of concentration for this measurement would be people per square mile. Or, we could determine the concentration of fish in a lake by dividing the total number of fish by the volume of the lake. If we measure the volume in cubic meters, the concentration would have units of fish per cubic meter. Choices: - alkalinity - fraction - density - concentration A:
concentration

Q: What is the term for the smallest particle of an element that still has the properties of that element? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: An element is a pure substance. It cannot be broken down into other types of substances. Each element is made up of just one type of atom. An atom is the smallest particle of an element that still has the properties of that element. Choices: - nucleus - electron - neutron - atom A:
atom

Q: Q: What term is used to describe a solute that is water fearing? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: London interactions c. London dispersion forces Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Solutes A solute can be classified as hydrophilic (literally, "water loving"), meaning that it has an electrostatic attraction to water, or hydrophobic ("water fearing"), meaning that it repels water. A hydrophilic substance is polar and often contains OH or NH groups that can form hydrogen bonds to water. For example, glucose with its five OH groups is hydrophilic. In contrast, a hydrophobic substance may be polar but usually contains CH bonds that do not interact favorably with water, as is the case with naphthalene and n-octane. Hydrophilic substances tend to be very soluble in water and other strongly polar solvents, whereas hydrophobic substances are essentially insoluble in water and soluble in nonpolar solvents such as benzene and cyclohexane. The difference between hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances has substantial consequences in biological systems. For example, vitamins can be classified as eitherfat soluble or water soluble. Fatsoluble vitamins, such as vitamin A, are mostly nonpolar, hydrophobic molecules. As a result, they tend to be absorbed into fatty tissues and stored there. In contrast, water-soluble vitamins, such as vitamin C, are polar, hydrophilic molecules that circulate in the blood and intracellular fluids, which are primarily aqueous. Water-soluble vitamins are therefore excreted much more rapidly from the body and must be replenished in our daily diet. A comparison of the chemical structures of vitamin A and vitamin C quickly reveals why one is hydrophobic and the other hydrophilic. Choices: - claustrophobic - anti-hydral - hydrogenic - hydrophobic A:
A: hydrophobic

Question: Q: Birds are the most numerous type of what vertebrates? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Birds evolved from a reptile ancestor but they are very different from reptiles today. Birds are also the most numerous tetrapod vertebrates. Choices: - arachnipod - amphipod - ornithopod - tetrapod A:
Answer: tetrapod

*Question*
Q: What type of matter in the spinal cord has the appearance of an ink-blot test and is subdivided into regions that are referred to as horns? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Gray Horns In cross-section, the gray matter of the spinal cord has the appearance of an ink-blot test, with the spread of the gray matter on one side replicated on the othera shape reminiscent of a bulbous capital "H. " As shown in Figure 13.14, the gray matter is subdivided into regions that are referred to as horns. The posterior horn is responsible for sensory processing. The anterior horn sends out motor signals to the skeletal muscles. The lateral horn, which is only found in the thoracic, upper lumbar, and sacral regions, is the central component of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. Some of the largest neurons of the spinal cord are the multipolar motor neurons in the anterior horn. The fibers that cause contraction of skeletal muscles are the axons of these neurons. The motor neuron that causes contraction of the big toe, for example, is located in the sacral spinal cord. The axon that has to reach all the way to the belly of that muscle may be a meter in length. The neuronal cell body that maintains that long fiber must be quite large, possibly several hundred micrometers in diameter, making it one of the largest cells in the body. Choices: - bright matter - wet matter - dark matter - gray matter A:
**Answer**
gray matter

Q: Q: Preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the past are known as what? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Fossils are preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the past. Most preserved remains are hard parts, such as teeth, bones, or shells. Examples of these kinds of fossils are pictured in Figure below . Preserved traces can include footprints, burrows, or even wastes. Examples of trace fossils are also shown in Figure below . Choices: - archives - deposits - skulls - fossils A:
A: fossils