Answer the following question given this paragraph: The genetic code works as a series of three-letter codes. Each sequence of three letters, called a triplet, corresponds to one of the twenty common amino acids. The triplets are read by the cell, one after the other, in the process of protein synthesis. The Table below shows all of the possible triplets and the amino acids that result from each three-letter code. Q: In what kind of a series does the genetic code work? A:
OPTIONS:
- nine letter-codes
- universal codes
- four-letter codes
- three-letter codes

Answer: three-letter codes

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Located at intervals along the synaptonemal complex are large protein assemblies called recombination nodules. These assemblies mark the points of later chiasmata and mediate the multistep process of crossoveror genetic recombinationbetween the non-sister chromatids. Near the recombination nodule on each chromatid, the double-stranded DNA is cleaved, the cut ends are modified, and a new connection is made between the non-sister chromatids. As prophase I progresses, the synaptonemal complex begins to break down and the chromosomes begin to condense. When the synaptonemal complex is gone, the homologous chromosomes remain attached to each other at the centromere and at chiasmata. The chiasmata remain until anaphase I. The number of chiasmata varies according to the species and the length of the chromosome. There must be at least one chiasma per chromosome for proper separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I, but there may be as many as 25. Following crossover, the synaptonemal complex breaks down and the cohesin connection between homologous pairs is also removed. At the end of prophase I, the pairs are held together only at the chiasmata (Figure 11.3) and are called tetrads because the four sister chromatids of each pair of homologous chromosomes are now visible. The crossover events are the first source of genetic variation in the nuclei produced by meiosis. A single crossover event between homologous non-sister chromatids leads to a reciprocal exchange of equivalent DNA between a maternal chromosome and a paternal chromosome. Now, when that sister chromatid is moved into a gamete cell it will carry some DNA from one parent of the individual and some DNA from the other parent. The sister recombinant chromatid has a combination of maternal and paternal genes that did not exist before the crossover. Multiple crossovers in an arm of the chromosome have the same effect, exchanging segments of DNA to create recombinant chromosomes. Q: Dna segments cross over to form what kind of chromosome? A:
OPTIONS:
- mutated
- resistant
- autosome
- recombinant
Answer: recombinant

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Figure 8.6 Photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts, which have an outer membrane and an inner membrane. Stacks of thylakoids called grana form a third membrane layer. Q: Where does photosynthesis occur in plants? A:
OPTIONS:
- golgi bodies
- cell membrane
- nucleus
- in chloroplasts
output: in chloroplasts

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: arthropod in Class Insecta that has three body segments, six jointed legs, and multiple head appendages. Q: Which species in class insecta has three body segments, six jointed legs, and multiple head appendages? A:

OPTIONS:
- mollusc
- sauropod
- arachnid
- arthropod

A: arthropod

input: OPTIONS:
- abnormal structures
- false structures
- amenable structures
- vestigial structures Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Moles live underground where they do not need eyes to find their way around. This mole's eyes are covered by skin. Body parts that do not serve their original function are vestigial structures. Q: What is the term for body parts that do not serve their original function? A:
A:
output: vestigial structures

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The water cycle includes the ocean, atmosphere, ground, and living things. During the water cycle, water keeps changing state by processes such as evaporation, transpiration, condensation, and precipitation. Q: Precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, and condensation are part of what cycle? A:
OPTIONS:
- life cycle
- air cycle
- cold cycle
- water cycle
Answer:
water cycle