Input: Tuvalu
Tuvaluans are well known for their seafaring skills, with the Tuvalu Maritime Training Institute on Amatuku motu (island), Funafuti, providing training to approximately 120 marine cadets each year so that they have the skills necessary for employment as seafarers on merchant shipping. The Tuvalu Overseas Seamen's Union (TOSU) is the only registered trade union in Tuvalu. It represents workers on foreign ships. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) estimates that 800 Tuvaluan men are trained, certified and active as seafarers. The ADB estimates that, at any one time, about 15% of the adult male population works abroad as seafarers. Job opportunities also exist as observers on tuna boats where the role is to monitor compliance with the boat's tuna fishing licence.

What is the only trade union on Tuvalu?
Output: Tuvalu Overseas Seamen's Union

Input: Boston
Boston has a continental climate with some maritime influence, and using the 3 C (27 F) coldest month (January) isotherm, the city lies within the transition zone from a humid subtropical climate (Koppen Cfa) to a humid continental climate (Koppen Dfa), although the suburbs north and west of the city are significantly colder in winter and solidly fall under the latter categorization; the city lies at the transition between USDA plant hardiness zones 6b (most of the city) and 7a (Downtown, South Boston, and East Boston neighborhoods). Summers are typically warm to hot, rainy, and humid, while winters oscillate between periods of cold rain and snow, with cold temperatures. Spring and fall are usually mild, with varying conditions dependent on wind direction and jet stream positioning. Prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the influence of the Atlantic Ocean. The hottest month is July, with a mean temperature of 73.4 F (23.0 C). The coldest month is January, with a mean of 29.0 F (1.7 C). Periods exceeding 90 F (32 C) in summer and below freezing in winter are not uncommon but rarely extended, with about 13 and 25 days per year seeing each, respectively. The most recent sub-0 F (18 C) reading occurring on February 14, 2016 when the temperature dipped down to 9 F (23 C), the coldest reading since 1957. In addition, several decades may pass between 100 F (38 C) readings, with the most recent such occurrence on July 22, 2011 when the temperature reached 103 F (39 C). The city's average window for freezing temperatures is November 9 through April 5.[c] Official temperature records have ranged from 18 F (28 C) on February 9, 1934, up to 104 F (40 C) on July 4, 1911; the record cold daily maximum is 2 F (17 C) on December 30, 1917, while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is 83 F (28 C) on August 2, 1975.

What is the coldest month in Boston?
Output: January

Input: Pitch (music)
For example, one might refer to the A above middle C as a', A4, or 440 Hz. In standard Western equal temperament, the notion of pitch is insensitive to "spelling": the description "G4 double sharp" refers to the same pitch as A4; in other temperaments, these may be distinct pitches. Human perception of musical intervals is approximately logarithmic with respect to fundamental frequency: the perceived interval between the pitches "A220" and "A440" is the same as the perceived interval between the pitches A440 and A880. Motivated by this logarithmic perception, music theorists sometimes represent pitches using a numerical scale based on the logarithm of fundamental frequency. For example, one can adopt the widely used MIDI standard to map fundamental frequency, f, to a real number, p, as follows

The description "G4 double sharp" refers to the same pitch as what?
Output: A4

Input: Iran
The centuries-long geopolitical and ideological rivalry between Safavid Iran and the neighboring Ottoman Empire, led to numerous OttomanPersian Wars. The Safavid Era peaked in the reign of Abbas the Great, 15871629, surpassing their Ottoman arch rivals in strength, and making the empire a leading hub in Western Eurasia for the sciences and arts. The Safavid Era saw the start of mass integration from Caucasian populations into new layers of the society of Iran, as well as mass resettlement of them within the heartlands of Iran, playing a pivotal role in the history of Iran for centuries onwards. Following a gradual decline in the late 1600s and early 1700s, which was caused by the internal conflicts, the continuous wars with the Ottomans, and the foreign interference (most notably the Russian interference), the Safavid rule was ended by the Pashtun rebels who besieged Isfahan and defeated Soltan Hosein in 1722.

When did the Safavid Empire peak?
Output:
15871629