Information: - The International Joint Conference on Automated Reasoning (IJCAR) is a series of conferences on the topics of automated reasoning, automated deduction, and related fields. It is organized semi-regularly as a merger of other meetings. IJCAR replaces those independent conferences in the years it takes place. The conference is organized by CADE Inc., and CADE has always been one of the conferences partaking in IJCAR. - The CADE ATP System Competition (CASC) is a yearly competition of fully automated theorem provers for classical first order logic. CASC is associated with the Conference on Automated Deduction and the International Joint Conference on Automated Reasoning organized by the Association for Automated Reasoning. - The University of Manchester (UoM) is a public research university in Manchester, England, formed in 2004 by the merger of the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology and the Victoria University of Manchester. The University of Manchester is a red brick university, a product of the civic university movement of the late-19th century. - Classical logic (or standard logic) is an intensively studied and widely used class of formal logics. Each logical system in this class shares characteristic properties: - The Conference on Automated Deduction (CADE) is the premier academic conference on automated deduction and related fields. The first CADE was organized in 1974 at the Argonne National Laboratory near Chicago. Most CADE meetings have been held in Europe and the United States. However, conferences have been held all over the world. Since 1996, CADE has been held yearly. In 2001, CADE was, for the first time, merged into the International Joint Conference on Automated Reasoning (IJCAR). This has been repeated biannually since 2004. - The former Victoria University of Manchester, now the University of Manchester, was founded in 1851 as Owens College. In 1880, the college joined the federal Victoria University, gaining an independent university charter in 1904 as the Victoria University of Manchester after the collapse of the federal university. - Vampire is an automatic theorem prover for first - order classical logic developed in the School of Computer Science at the University of Manchester by Andrei Voronkov together with Krystof Hoder and previously with Alexandre Riazanov . So far it has won the '' world cup for theorem provers '' ( the CADE ATP System Competition ) in the most prestigious CNF ( MIX ) division eleven times ( 1999 , 2001 -- 2010 ) . - The University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) was a university based in the centre of the city of Manchester in England. It specialised in technical and scientific subjects and was a major centre for research. On 1 October 2004, it was subsumed by the Victoria University of Manchester (commonly called the University of Manchester) to form a new entity also called The University of Manchester. - Manchester is a major city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England, with a population of 514,414 . It lies within the United Kingdom's second-most populous urban area, with a population of 2.55 million. Manchester is fringed by the Cheshire Plain to the south, the Pennines to the north and east and an arc of towns with which it forms a continuous conurbation. The local authority is Manchester City Council. - The Association for Automated Reasoning (AAR) is a non-profit corporation that serves as an association of researchers working on automated theorem proving, automated reasoning, and related fields. It organizes the CADE and IJCAR conferences and publishes a roughly quarterly newsletter. - Red brick university (or redbrick university) is a term originally used to refer to six civic universities founded in the major industrial cities of Great Britain in the 19th century. The term is now used more broadly to refer to British universities founded in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in major cities. All of the six original redbrick institutions, or their predecessor institutes, gained university status before World War I and were initially established as civic science or engineering colleges. After reading the paragraphs above, we are interested in knowing the entity with which 'vampire ' exhibits the relationship of 'instance of'. Find the answer from the choices below. Choices: - academic conference - association - automated theorem proving - century - city - city council - class - collapse - competition - conurbation - engineering - england - institute - joint - laboratory - logic - metropolitan - plain - population - product - public - reasoning - research - science - series - six - status - system - technology - term - the city - theorem - university - war
Answer:
automated theorem proving