TASK DEFINITION: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
PROBLEM: He gave the example of a chicken which comes to expect a never-ending source of food as it is fattened up only to one day then be slaughtered in a work which refuted inductive reasoning as a source of absolute certainty. In another of his works, he regards one of the titular activities as a Catholic practice designed to prevent incest, leading to his expulsion from a teaching post. In addition to The Problem of Philosophy and Marriage and Morals, he wrote The Scientific Outlook and delivered the Mans Peril broadcast on BBC. Jean-Paul Sartre attended his tribunal, where he exposed American atrocities in Vietnam, years after his winning the Nobel prize in 1950 for literature. His most famous work developed the theory of types in mathematical logic. For ten points, name this philosopher who wrote Principia Mathematica along with Alfred North Whitehead.

SOLUTION: Social Science

PROBLEM: composer of this opera was convinced to pursue it by his friend Sybil Seligman, who commissioned a translation of its text. At one point, a character reads the Fifty-first Psalm of David, though the original text had a book entitled "Old Joe Miller's Jokes. " Another character expresses frustration in the first act by declaring "Che terra maledetta," after which the romantic conflict is established by the aria "Chi c'e per farmi I ricci" In the second act, another character's knowledge of Nina Micheltorena is asked into by Ashby, and later that character sings the aria "Ch'ella mi creda libero. " Based on a play by David Belasco, it also features Wowkle and Billy, who are urged to marry in a church, and Jim Larkens who simply longs to go home. Ramirez is the secret identity of Dick Johnson, who is saved by his beloved Minnie. FTP, name this opera set in the American west, by Puccini.

SOLUTION: Fine Arts

PROBLEM: The inhabitants of this location migrated northwards after its downfall and founded the kingdom of Monomotapa. Some excavation of this site was carried out by Richard Hall, who is alleged to have removed artifacts from this site to support his theory that it (+) could not have actually been built by Africans. Items found here include a coin from Kilwa that demonstrates its trade network and a series of eight birds carved from soapstone. Including the Imba Huru, or (*) Great Enclosure, for 10 points, name this city, now in ruins, that gives part of its name to a nation once called Rhodesia.

SOLUTION:
History