Answer the following question given this paragraph: Similar to chromosomal alteration mutations, deletion or insertion mutations add or remove genetic information. Small deletions or insertions in the DNA will alter the reading frame. Deletions remove one or more nucleotides from the DNA, whereas insertions add one or more nucleotides into the DNA. These mutations in the coding region of a gene may also alter the splicing of the mRNA, known as a splice site mutation . Mutations which alter the reading frame are known as frameshift mutations . Splice site mutations and frameshift mutations both can dramatically change the mRNA, altering the final protein product. Q: Deletions remove one or more what from the dna? Choices: - codons - exons - genes - nucleotides A:
nucleotides
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Types of friction include static friction, sliding friction, rolling friction, and fluid friction. Fluid friction with air is called air resistance. Q: What is fluid friction with air called? Choices: - buoyancy - wind resistance - gravity - air resistance A:
air resistance
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: The process of photosynthesis ultimately gets powered by what kind of energy? Choices: - biofuel - electricity - nonrenewable energy - light A:
A: light
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Convection currents transfer thermal energy through many fluids, not just hot water in a pot. For example, convection currents transfer thermal energy through molten rock below Earth's surface, through water in the oceans, and through air in the atmosphere. Convection currents in the atmosphere create winds. You can see one way this happens in the Figure below . The land heats up and cools off faster than the water because it has lower specific heat. Therefore, the land gets warmer during the day and cooler at night than the water does. During the day, warm air rises above the land and cool air from the water moves in to take its place. During the night, the opposite happens. Warm air rises above the water and cool air from the land moves out to take its place. Q: Convection generally involves the transfer of what type of energy? Choices: - sunlight - radioactive - magnetic - thermal A:
Answer: thermal
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: New Drugs to Combat Cancer: Targeted Therapies Scientists are using what is known about the regulation of gene expression in disease states, including cancer, to develop new ways to treat and prevent disease development. Many scientists are designing drugs on the basis of the gene expression patterns within individual tumors. This idea, that therapy and medicines can be tailored to an individual, has given rise to the field of personalized medicine. With an increased understanding of gene regulation and gene function, medicines can be designed to specifically target diseased cells without harming healthy cells. Some new medicines, called targeted therapies, have exploited the overexpression of a specific protein or the mutation of a gene to develop a new medication to treat disease. One such example is the use of anti-EGF receptor medications to treat the subset of breast cancer tumors that have very high levels of the EGF protein. Undoubtedly, more targeted therapies will be developed as scientists learn more about how gene expression changes can cause cancer. Q: With an increased understanding of gene regulation and gene function, medicines can be designed to specifically target diseased cells without harming these? Choices: - hosts - stem cells - pathogens - healthy cells A:
**Answer**
healthy cells
(Question)
Answer the following question given this paragraph: The scientists used geologic dating techniques on seafloor rocks. They found that the youngest rocks on the seafloor were at the mid-ocean ridges. The rocks get older with distance from the ridge crest. The scientists were surprised to find that the oldest seafloor is less than 180 million years old. This may seem old, but the oldest continental crust is around 4 billion years old. Q: Scientists found that the youngest rocks on the seafloor were where? Choices: - trenches. - mid - ocean sediments - mid - ocean glaciers - mid-ocean ridges A:
(Answer)
mid-ocean ridges