input: OPTIONS:
- arthropoda
- hydrozoa
- porifera
- chordata Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Vertebrates are a subphylum of the phylum Chordata. Like all chordates, vertebrates have a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail. What other characteristics do vertebrates have? What traits set them apart from invertebrate chordates?. Q: Vertebrates are a subphylum of what phylum? A:
A:
output: chordata

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Integumentary System The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, and so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs. Although neither is fatal, it would be hard to claim that they are benign, at least to the individuals so afflicted. Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily due to the inability of melanocytes to produce melanin. Individuals with albinism tend to appear white or very pale due to the lack of melanin in their skin and hair. Recall that melanin helps protect the skin from the harmful effects of UV radiation. Individuals with albinism tend to need more protection from UV radiation, as they are more prone to sunburns and skin cancer. They also tend to be more sensitive to light and have vision problems due to the lack of pigmentation on the retinal wall. Treatment of this disorder usually involves addressing the symptoms, such as limiting UV light exposure to the skin and eyes. In vitiligo, the melanocytes in certain areas lose their ability to produce melanin, possibly due to an autoimmune reaction. This leads to a loss of color in patches (Figure 5.10). Neither albinism nor vitiligo directly affects the lifespan of an individual. Q: Which genetic disorder results in the inability of melanocytes to produce melanin? A:

OPTIONS:
- anemia
- cancers
- hyperthyroidism
- albinism

Answer: albinism

Problem: OPTIONS:
- cellulose
- sugar
- chlorophyll
- pyruvate
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: During glycolysis, each glucose molecule is broken down into two molecules of what compound? A:
Answer: pyruvate

Problem:OPTIONS:
- density
- fluctuations
- polarity
- homeostatis

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Under the direction of osteocytes, osteoblasts continuously build up bone, while osteoclasts continuously break down bone to maintain mineral homeostasis. Bone tissues include compact bone, spongy bone, bone marrow, and periosteum. Q: Osteoclasts break down bone to maintain mineral what? A:
****
A: homeostatis

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The development of new technology is called technological design . It is similar to scientific investigation. Both processes use evidence and logic to solve problems. Q: What term is used to describe the development of new technology? A:
OPTIONS:
- variation design
- evident design
- Smart Design
- technological design
technological design

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The collision of two continents also creates massive earthquakes. Many earthquakes happen in the region in and around the Himalayan Mountains. The 2001 Gujarat, India earthquake is responsible for about 20,000 deaths, with many more people injured or made homeless ( Figure below ). Q: The collision of what is responsible for massive earthquakes? A:
OPTIONS:
- weather fronts
- tidal currents
- fault lines
- two continents

Answer:
two continents