Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Ex Input:
Left ventricular aneurysm repair (LVR) reduces LV wall stress and improves LV function. However, as we reported previously, the initial improvement of LVR was short-term because of LV remodeling but could be maintained longer with postoperative use of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has been used to treat patients with heart failure by natriuretic and vasodilatory actions. Recent reports have suggested that ANP inhibits the rennin-angiotensin system. In this study, the effects of ANP after LVR were evaluated.', 'Rats that had an LV aneurysm 4 weeks after left anterior descending artery ligation underwent LVR by plicating the LV aneurysm and were randomized into 2 groups: LVR+A group was intravenously administrated with 10 microg/h of carperitide, recombinant alpha-hANP, by osmotic-pump for 4 weeks, and the LVR group was given normal saline. Echocardiography revealed better LV remodeling and function in LVR+A group than in LVR group. Four weeks after LVR, left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) and Tau were significantly lower in LVR+A group (LVEDP: 10+/-4 in LVR+A group versus 18+/-6 mm Hg in LVR group, Tau: 13+/-2 versus 17+/-2ms). End-systolic elastance (Ees) was higher in LVR+A group (Ees: 0.34+/-0.2 versus 0.19+/-0.11 mm Hg/microL). The levels of myocardial ACE activity in LVR+A group was significantly lower than in LVR group. The mRNA expressions of brain natriuretic peptide and transforming growth factor beta1 inducing fibrosis significantly decreased in LV myocardium in LVR+A group. Histologically, myocardial fibrosis was significantly reduced in LVR+A group.

Ex Output:
Does atrial natriuretic peptide help prevent late remodeling after left ventricular aneurysm repair?

Ex Input:
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a role in angiogenesis and microvascular permeability. This study was conducted to determine whether common sequence variation in the VEGFA gene plays a role in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR).', 'Five hundred fifty-four subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM) including 190 type 1 DM (T1DM) and 364 type 2 DM (T2DM) were recruited. The study group consisted of 235 participants without DR, 158 with nonproliferative DR (NPDR), 132 with proliferative DR (PDR), and 93 with clinically significant macular edema (CSME). Blinding DR was defined as severe NPDR, PDR, or CSME. Fifteen VEGFA tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in all subjects and tested for association with blinding DR.', 'Multiple tag SNPs in the VEGFA gene were associated with blinding DR. After controlling for sex, HbA1c, and duration of disease, in T1DM, the AA genotype of rs699946 (P = 0.007, odds ratio [OR], 4.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5-11.4) and the GG genotype of rs833068 (P = 0.017, OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.3-7.2) were most significantly associated. In T2DM, the C allele of rs3025021 (P = 0.002; OR, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.5-10.0) and the G allele of rs10434 (P = 0.002; OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.3-5.3) were most significantly associated with blinding DR. Haplotype analyses suggested an important role for the haplotype TCCGCG in blinding DR (P = 0.0004).

Ex Output:
Does common sequence variation in the VEGFA gene predict risk of diabetic retinopathy?

Ex Input:
To investigate the impact of antiangiogenic monotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) as add-on strategy on retinal morphology, and to analyse prognostic biomarkers for visual outcome and retreatment frequency in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).', '255 patients participating in the MONT BLANC study were evaluated. Patients were randomised to receive as-needed ranibizumab monotherapy or combination therapy (verteporfin PDT and ranibizumab). Outcome measures included visual acuity (VA), retinal morphology assessed by optical coherence tomography and retreatment frequency.', 'The proportion of scans showing intraretinal cysts (IRC) or subretinal fluid (SRF) decreased more intensively in the combination than in the monotherapy group. Pigment epithelial detachments (PED) decreased significantly only in the combination group. Patients with IRC presented the lowest initial VA, and IRC had the strongest negative predictive value for functional improvement in both groups. SRF showed a predictive value for a higher number of ranibizumab injections (combination, +0.9; monotherapy, +0.8) and a higher number of PDT treatments in the combination group (+0.3). PED was associated with a higher number of ranibizumab injections only in the monotherapy group (+1.2).

Ex Output:
Are intraretinal cysts the most relevant prognostic biomarker in neovascular age-related macular degeneration independent of the therapeutic strategy?