Answer the following question given this paragraph: The stratosphere is the layer above the troposphere. Temperature increases with altitude in this layer. The ozone layer occurs here. Q: What is the layer above the troposphere? A:

OPTIONS:
- thermosphere
- mesosphere
- troposphere
- stratosphere

Answer: stratosphere

Problem: OPTIONS:
- nucleus
- mitochondria
- chloroplasts
- organelles
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Chapter 12 1 MRI uses the relative amount of water in tissue to distinguish different areas, so gray and white matter in the nervous system can be seen clearly in these images. 3 Neurons enable thought, perception, and movement. Plants do not move, so they do not need this type of tissue. Microorganisms are too small to have a nervous system. Many are single-celled, and therefore have organelles for perception and movement. 5 Sodium is moving into the cell because of the immense concentration gradient, whereas potassium is moving out because of the depolarization that sodium causes. However, they both move down their respective gradients, toward equilibrium. 7 A second signal from a separate presynaptic neuron can arrive slightly later, as long as it arrives before the first one dies off, or dissipates. 9 C 11 D 13 B 15 B 17 A 19 C 21 C 23 A 25 B 27 D 29 B 31 D 33 A 34 Running on a treadmill involves contraction of the skeletal muscles in the legs, increase in contraction of the cardiac muscle of the heart, and the production and secretion of sweat in the skin to stay cool. 36 The disease would target oligodendrocytes. In the CNS, oligodendrocytes provide the myelin for axons. 38 Afferent means "toward," as in sensory information traveling from the periphery into the CNS. Efferent means "away from," as in motor commands that travel from the brain down the spinal cord and out into the periphery. 40 The cell membrane must reach threshold before voltage-gated Na+ channels open. If threshold is not reached, those channels do not open, and the depolarizing phase of the action potential does not occur, the cell membrane will just go back to its resting state. 42 EPSP1 = +5 mV, EPSP2 = +7 mV, EPSP 3 = +10 mV, IPSP1 = -4 mV, IPSP2 = -3 mV. 5 + 7 + 10 4 3 = +15 mV. Q: Many microorganisms are single celled and use what for perception and movement? A:
Answer: organelles

Problem:OPTIONS:
- adrenal gland
- pineal gland
- salivary gland
- posterior pituitary gland

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Which gland is an extension of the hypothalamus? A:
****
A: posterior pituitary gland

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Two unique features of mollusks are the mantle and radula (see Figure above ). The mantle is a layer of tissue that lies between the shell and the body. It secretes calcium carbonate to form the shell. It forms a cavity, called the mantle cavity, between the mantle and the body. The mantle cavity pumps water for filter feeding. The radula is a feeding organ with teeth made of chitin. It is located in front of the mouth in the head region. Herbivorous mollusks use the radula to scrape food such as algae off rocks. Predatory mollusks use the radula to drill holes in the shells of their prey. Q: What is a layer of tissue that lies between the shell and the body? A:
OPTIONS:
- stem
- silt
- node
- mantle
mantle

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: The burning of what type of fuels is a major source of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides? A:
OPTIONS:
- biofuels
- renewable
- synthetic
- fossil

Answer: fossil

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Pressure is defined as the force per unit area on a surface. Q: Pressure is defined as the force per unit area on? A:
OPTIONS:
- weight
- gravity
- speed
- surface
output:
surface