question: Botany, also called plant science(s) or plant biology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist or plant scientist is a scientist who specializes in this field. The term "botany" comes from the Ancient Greek word (botane) meaning "pasture", "grass", or "fodder"; is in turn derived from (boskein), "to feed" or "to graze". Traditionally, botany has also included the study of fungi and algae by mycologists and phycologists respectively, with the study of these three groups of organisms remaining within the sphere of interest of the International Botanical Congress. Nowadays, botanists study approximately 400,000 species of living organisms of which some 260,000 species are vascular plants and about 248,000 are flowering plants.

Botany originated in prehistory as herbalism with the efforts of early humans to identify and later cultivate edible, medicinal and poisonous plants, making it one of the oldest branches of science. Medieval physic gardens, often attached to monasteries, contained plants of medical importance. They were forerunners of the first botanical gardens attached to universities, founded from the 1540s onwards. One of the earliest was the Padua botanical garden. These gardens facilitated the academic study of plants. Efforts to catalogue and describe their collections were the beginnings of plant taxonomy, and led in 1753 to the binomial system of Carl Linnaeus that remains in use to this day.
1. Does Botany have another name?
2. what?
3. anything else?
4. What is a botanist?
5. Where does the word botany come from?
6. What does it mean?
7. How did Botany orginate?
8. with what efforts?
9. to do what?
10. Does botany include fungi?
11. and what else?
12. how many living organisms do botanists study?
13. vascular plants?
14. how many?
15. Flowering plants?
16. how many?
17. what was discovered in the 1540s?
18. what was one of the earliest?
19. what did they facilitate?
20. were they catolouged?
****
answer: 1. yes
2. plant biology
3. plant science
4. a scientist who specializes in this field.
5. the word botane
6. "pasture", "grass", or "fodder"
7. as herbalism
8. he efforts of early humans
9. to identify and cultivate edible, medicinal and poisonous plants
10. yes
11. algae
12. 400,000
13. yes
14. 260,000
15. yes
16. 248,000
17. botanical gardens attached to universities
18. the Padua botanical garden
19. the academic study of plants
20. yes

question: ISO 639-5:2008 "Codes for the representation of names of languagesPart 5: Alpha-3 code for language families and groups" is a highly incomplete international standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It was developed by ISO Technical Committee 37, Subcommittee 2, and first published on May 15, 2008. It is part of the ISO 639 series of standards.

ISO 639-5 defines "alpha-3" (3-letter) codes, called "collective codes," that identify language families and groups. As of August 29, 2008 update to ISO 639-5, the standard defined 114 collective codes. The United States Library of Congress maintains the list of Alpha-3 codes that comprise ISO 639-5.

The standard does not cover all language families used by linguists. The languages covered by a group code need not be linguistically related, but may have a geographic relation, or category relation (such as "Creoles").

Some of the codes in ISO 639-5 codes are also found in the ISO 639-2 "Alpha-3 code" standard. ISO 639-2 contains codes for some individual languages, some ISO 639 macrolanguage codes, and some collective codes; any code found in ISO 639-2 is also found in either ISO 639-3 or ISO 639-5.

Languages, families, or group codes in ISO 639-2 can be of type "group" ("g") or "remainder group" ("r"). A "group" consists of several related languages; a "remainder group" is a group of several related languages from which some specific languages have been excluded. However, in ISO 639-5, the "remainder groups" do "not" exclude any languages. Because ISO 639-2 and ISO 639-5 use the same Alpha-3 codes, but do not always refer to the same list of languages for any given code, the languages an Alpha-3 code refers to can't be determined unless it is known whether the code is used in the context of ISO 639-2 or ISO 639-5. The committee draft of ISO 639-5 was issued on February 23, 2005. Voting on the draft terminated on July 5, 2005; the draft was approved.
1. when was ISO 639-5:2008 published?
2. by who?
3. does it cover all language groups?
4. where are ISO 639-5 codes also found?
5. what is a remainder group?
6. do ISO 639-2 and 5 have the same or different Alpha 3 codes?
7. how is the languages of an Alpha-3 determined?
8. when was the committee draft of ISO 639-5 issued?
9. when did voting on the draft stop?
10. was the draft approved?
****
answer: 1. May 15, 2008
2. ISO Technical Committee 37, Subcommittee 2
3. no
4. ISO 639-2
5. a group of several related languages
6. yes
7. knowing whether the code is used in the context of ISO 639-2 or ISO 639-5
8. February 23, 2005
9. July 5, 2005
10. yes

question: Sam and Joe were astronauts. There was once a very dangerous trip and the more experienced astronauts knew there was only a small chance of coming back alive. Sam and Joe, however, thought it would be exciting though a little dangerous. "We're the best men for the job," they said to the boss. "There may be problems, but we can find the answers." "They're the last people I'd trust ," thought the boss. "But all the other astronauts have refused to go." Once they were in space, Joe had to go outside to make some repairs . When the repairs were done, he tried to get back inside the spaceship. But the door was locked. He knocked but there was no answer. He knocked again, louder this time, and again no answer came. Then he hit the door as hard as he could and finally a voice said, "Who's there?" "It's me! Who else could it be?" shouted Joe. Sam let him in all right but you can imagine that Joe never asked to go on a trip with Sam again!
1. Who were Sam and Joe?
2. Was the trip they went on safe?
3. Did any others travel with them?
4. What did the more experienced adventurers know?
5. Did the two think it was too dangerous to complete the task?
6. What did they think it would be?
7. Did their supervisor believe they'd be okay to do the work?
8. Were there fixes to be made once in orbit?
9. Was it easy for the worker who did the fixes to come inside afterwards?
10. Why not?
11. Did he fix this situation by calling through his radio in the suit?
12. What did he do?
****
answer:
1. astronauts
2. no
3. no
4. small chance of coming back alive
5. no
6. exciting
7. no
8. yes
9. no
10. door was locked
11. no
12. knocked