instruction:
Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.
question:
Infarct heterogeneity has been shown to be independently associated with adverse outcomes in previous smaller studies. However, it is unknown whether infarct characterization is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in patients with advanced ischemic cardiomyopathy, after adjusting for clinical risk factors, severity of ischemic mitral regurgitation, incomplete revascularization, and device therapy.', 'A total of 362 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (left ventricular dysfunction with >70% stenosis in 1 epicardial coronary artery) underwent delayed hyperenhancement-magnetic resonance imaging and coronary angiography between 2002 and 2006. Total myocardial scar and peri-infarct (PI) area were measured using various threshold techniques. Multivariate survival analysis (primary end point of all-cause mortality) was conducted. One hundred fifty-seven deaths occurred during a mean 5.4-year follow-up (mean left ventricular ejection fraction, 239%; mean end-systolic volume index, 11348 mL; mean total myocardial scar %, 25.516.0%; mean PI%, 5.72.9%). PI% (=2.07; P<0.001) was an independent predictor of survival, independent of age, end-systolic volume, sex, mitral regurgitation, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease severity, implantable cardioverter defibrillator, and incomplete revascularization. PI% using 2 to 3 SD technique yielded the highest incremental prognostic power ((2) score 149).
answer:
0

question:
Neuroblastoma, a frequently occurring solid tumour in children, remains a therapeutic challenge as existing imaging tools are inadequate for proper and accurate diagnosis, resulting in treatment failures. Nanoparticles have recently been introduced to the field of cancer research and promise remarkable improvements in diagnostics, targeting and drug delivery. Among these nanoparticles, quantum dots (QDs) are highly appealing due to their manipulatable surfaces, yielding multifunctional QDs applicable in different biological models. The biocompatibility of these QDs, however, remains questionable.', 'We show here that QD surface modifications with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) alter QD physical and biological properties. In human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells, NAC modified QDs were internalized to a lesser extent and were less cytotoxic than unmodified QDs. Cytotoxicity was correlated with Fas upregulation on the surface of treated cells. Alongside the increased expression of Fas, QD treated cells had increased membrane lipid peroxidation, as measured by the fluorescent BODIPY-C11 dye. Moreover, peroxidized lipids were detected at the mitochondrial level, contributing to the impairment of mitochondrial functions as shown by the MTT reduction assay and imaged with confocal microscopy using the fluorescent JC-1 dye.
answer:
0

question:
Lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass is a serious complication for infants with congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension. Excessive neutrophil sequestration in the lung occurring after reestablishment of pulmonary circulation implies that interaction between neutrophils and pulmonary endothelium is the major cause of lung injury.', 'Thirty infants with either ventricular septal defect or atrioventricular septal defect and with pulmonary hypertension were enrolled in this study. We performed continuous pulmonary perfusion during total cardiopulmonary bypass on 16 patients (perfused group) and conventional cardiopulmonary bypass on 14 patients (control group). PaO2/FiO2 and neutrophil counts were assessed from immediately before surgery to 24 hours after termination of cardiopulmonary bypass.', 'PaO2/FiO2 was higher in the perfused group than in the control group, and the difference was significant throughout the study period. Neutrophil counts decreased below prebypass values in both groups at 30 minutes after aortic unclamping, and the difference was significant in the control group but was not in the perfused group. Duration of postoperative ventilatory support was significantly less in the perfused group.
answer:
0