Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Input: Consider Input: To improve prostate cancer (PC) detection accuracy among patients with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) above 4.0 ng/ml and asymptomatic prostate inflammation.', 'A total of 136 patients with PSA ranging from 4.0 to 50.0 ng/ml with asymptomatic prostatitis were included in the study cohort. All these patients underwent antibacterial therapy for 2 weeks followed by repeat PSA determination and transrectal ultrasound-guided needle prostate biopsy. The PSA, PSAD (PSA density), and f/t PSA (free/total PSA) before and after antibacterial therapy were compared using t-test. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) technique was used to evaluate the effectiveness of PSA, PSAD, f/t PSA, and their changes after antibacterial therapy (DeltaPSA, DeltaPSAD, and Deltaf/t PSA) on PC detection.', 'Among the 136 patients, 33 had PC and the other 103 histologically confirmed benign prostatic disease. After antibacterial therapy for 2 weeks, the PSA (mean +/- standard deviation) decreased from 14.0 +/- 7.8 ng/ml to 10.4 +/- 7.7 ng/ml (P < 0.01). The DeltaPSA, DeltaPSAD, and Deltaf/tPSA were -3.60 +/- 4.3 ng/ml, -0.1 +/- 0.1 ng/ml/ml, and -0.1 +/- 0.1 respectively. The areas under ROC curve were 0.29 for PSA, 0.64 for PSAD, and 0.50 for f/t PSA. The areas under ROC curve were 0.91 for DeltaPSA, 0.96 for DeltaPSAD, and 0.98 for Deltaf/t PSA. These values were increased significantly when compared with those for the PSA-related parameters before antibacterial therapy (P value, DeltaPSA, DeltaPSAD, and Deltaf/t PSA were <0.01).

Output: 1

Input: Consider Input: Escalation in monocyte trafficking from the bone marrow into the brain may play a critical role in central nervous system injury and cognitive deterioration in patients with HIV infection. This study tested the hypothesis that the mean diffusivity is sensitive to marrow changes in HIV patients and that these quantitative imaging measurements correlate with the severity of dementia.', 'The mean diffusivity (MD), determined for clival and calvarial marrow regions, was compared in 11 HIV-infected patients and 9 control subjects. The imaging measurements were also evaluated for relationships with dementia severity and markers of disease progression (CD4 and viral load in plasma).', 'The MD was significantly reduced in both clival and calvarial marrow in HIV-infected patients (P =.006). Diffusion measurements for clival (P =.02) and for calvarial (P =.03) regions were significantly correlated with the severity of dementia.

Output: 1

Input: Consider Input: The need for liver biopsy is increasing with the increasing availability of treatments for liver disease, in particular interferon. For this reason the procedure must be efficient and economical, as well as safe.', "Firstly to assess the safety of outpatient liver biopsy when performed with ultrasound guidance and the 'Biopty' gun. Secondly, to compare the cost of an outpatient and inpatient procedure.", "Two hundred and fifty consecutive liver biopsies performed over a two year period at St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne were reviewed retrospectively. Indications, histological findings and complications were recorded.", 'Seventy per cent of the biopsies were performed as an outpatient procedure. There were no major complications. Four patients experienced prolonged pain post biopsy. The average cost for an outpatient biopsy was $351, the cost of an inpatient (overnight stay) was $690.
Output: 1