Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Complement An array of approximately 20 types of proteins, called a complement system, is also activated by infection or the activity of the cells of the adaptive immune system and functions to destroy extracellular pathogens. Liver cells and macrophages synthesize inactive forms of complement proteins continuously; these proteins are abundant in the blood serum and are capable of responding immediately to infecting microorganisms. The complement system is so named because it is complementary to the innate and adaptive immune system. Complement proteins bind to the surfaces of microorganisms and are particularly attracted to pathogens that are already tagged by the adaptive immune system. This "tagging" involves the attachment of specific proteins called antibodies (discussed in detail later) to the pathogen. When they attach, the antibodies change shape providing a binding site for one of the complement proteins. After the first few complement proteins bind, a cascade of binding in a specific sequence of proteins follows in which the pathogen rapidly becomes coated in complement proteins. Complement proteins perform several functions, one of which is to serve as a marker to indicate the presence of a pathogen to phagocytic cells and enhance engulfment. Certain complement proteins can combine to open pores in microbial cell membranes and cause lysis of the cells. Q: Which proteins bind to the surfaces of microorganisms and are particularly attracted to pathogens that are already tagged by the adaptive immune system? Choices: - attractive proteins - mobilize proteins - whereby proteins - complement proteins A:
Answer: complement proteins

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Where are all hormones secreted into before entering the circulatory system? Choices: - Amniotic fluid - blood stream - Cerebrospinal fluid - interstitial fluid A:
Answer: interstitial fluid

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: 31.3 Peripheral nervous system The peripheral nervous system is broken down into two sub-systems, the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. ANS - Autonomic Nervous System The ANS has two components - parasympathetic and sympathetic. The sympathetic nervous system is the "fight or flight" or fright response and results in an increased heart rate, increased rate of breathing, and an elevated blood glucose level. There is also decreased digestion. The second neurotransmitter is epinephrine. In this case, the first neuron is short and the second neuron is long. The parasympathetic nervous system is the rest and digest system. Drugs must be able to pass the blood brain barrier to have an effect on the CNS. Drugs act by affecting the neuron and how likely it is to fire an action potential. Stroke occurs when there is a blood clot that goes to the brain and prevent blood flow. Q: What are the two components of the autonomic nervous system? Choices: - empathetic and sympathetic - crystallisation and sympathetic - neurons and sympathetic - parasympathetic and sympathetic A:
Answer:
parasympathetic and sympathetic