Input: The relationship between the Ottomans and the Mamluks had been adversarial since the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottomans in 1453; both states vied for control of the spice trade, and the Ottomans aspired to eventually taking control of the Holy Cities of Islam. An earlier conflict, which lasted from 1485 to 1491, had led to a stalemate. By 1516, the Ottomans were free from other concernsSultan Selim I had just vanquished the Safavid Persians at the Battle of Chaldiran in 1514and turned their full might against the Mamluks, who ruled in Syria and Egypt, to complete the Ottoman conquest of the Middle East.

Question: Which event happened first, the Fall of Constantinople or the Battle of Chaldiran?

Input: Coming off their win over the Titans the Redskins played on home ground for an NFC duel with the Vikings. In the 1st quarter the Redskins took the lead as QB Donovan McNabb completed a 10-yard TD pass to TE Fred Davis. The Vikings replied as RB Adrian Peterson got a 5-yard TD run. The Redskins trailed in the third quarter with RB Toby Gerhart getting a 5-yard TD run, followed by kicker Ryan Longwell nailing a 31-yard field goal. The Redskins tried to come back, but only came away with a 40 and a 42-yard field goal from kicker Graham Gano, giving them a loss.

Question: How many field goals of 40 or more yards did Graham Gano kick?

Input: The Raiders stayed home for a game against the Cardinals. The Cardinals scored first in the first quarter when Carson Palmer found Stepfan Taylor on a 2-yard touchdown pass for a 7-0 lead and the only score of the quarter. They made it 14-0 in the 2nd quarter when Palmer found Michael Floyd on a 33-yard touchdown pass. The Raiders got on the board when Darren McFadden ran for a 1-yard touchdown for a 14-7 lead followed up by Sebastian Janikowski kicking a 29-yard field goal for a 14-10 game at halftime. In the 3rd quarter, the Raiders came within 1 as Janikowski managed to kick a 53-yard field goal for a 14-13 game. The Cards however took control of the game as Taylor ran for a 4-yard touchdown for a 21-13 lead. Finally in the 4th quarter the Cards wrapped up the scoring when Chandler Catanzaro nailed a 41-yard field goal for the eventual final score of 24-13. With the loss, the Raiders dropped to 0-6 and with the Jaguars' win over the Browns, they became the league's only winless team.

Question: How many field goal attempts were successful in this game?

Input: The demographic character of Northern Cyprus changed after the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974 and especially during the last 1015 years. The so called "TRNC census" carried out in April 2006 showed that out of a total population of 256,644 in Northern Cyprus, 132,635, or 52%, were Turkish Cypriots in the sense that they were born in Cyprus of at least one Cyprus-born parent (for 120,007 of these both parents were Cyprus-born). In addition, 43,062 so called "TRNC citizens" (17%) had at least one non-Cypriot Turkish-born parent, 2,334 so called "TRNC citizens" (1%) had parents born in other countries, 70,525 residents (27%) had Turkish citizenship, and 8,088 (3%) were citizens of other countries (mainly UK, Bulgaria, and Iran).

Question:
How many more residents in Northern Cyprus had Turkish citizenship compared to those who were citizens of another country?