Since a new pope is usually only chosen every few decades, it is important to be prepared. Make sure that you are in communication with the members of the College of Cardinals. By now you should have established a good professional reputation. As conclave approaches, continue working to demonstrate that you would make a positive public figure. In the days following the funeral of the pope, the cardinals gather to prepare for conclave. This is where "politicking" occurs. Try to assess who your supporters are. Make it clear to the other cardinals that you are willing to accept the nomination. The official process for electing a pope is known as "conclave". The governing group of cardinals, known as the College of Cardinals, gather together to chose a new pope. This group gathers in the Sistine Chapel. All others are barred from entry. "Conclave" in latin means "locked with a key" literally. Typically, the current must die in order for conclave to convene. It is extremely rare for a pope to resign. The cardinals gather 15-20 days after the death of the pope to conduct a secret ballot. Only the cardinals are allowed in the chapel. There are a few exceptions, such as medical personnel. Each cardinal must take a solemn oath that he will adhere to the rules of conclave, as written by Pope John Paul II. After the first day of conclave, two votes may be taken each morning, and two each afternoon. It is not considered appropriate to "campaign" for pope. However, being a well-known and respected cardinal is a job only a select few hold. There are usually only a small group of candidates considered at conclave. The man with the most votes is elected as the new pope. There are three phases to the actual voting process: pre-scrutiny, where the ballots are prepared; scrutiny, where the ballots are collected and counted; and post-scrutiny, where the ballots are checked again and then burned. Conclave can last several days, but generally does not last longer than two weeks. A cardinal must receive 2/3 of the votes in order to be elected pope. After each vote, the ballots are burned. If black smoke is seen coming from the chapel, it means there will be another vote. White smoke signals the election of a new pope. The pope is the spiritual leader of the Catholic people of the world. Currently, there are approximately 1.2 billion Catholics. Since 1929, the pope is also the head of the world's smallest sovereign state, The Vatican. The pope presides over a weekly blessing for people visiting the Vatican. He also offers a general audience each week. The pope presides over all major religious celebrations, such as Christmas and Easter. Modern popes travel around the world, meeting Catholics and world leaders.

Summary: Prepare for nomination. Understand conclave. Get the most votes. Perform your duties.

India has 29 states and 7 union territories. All of the states and union territories are made up of detailed curved lines of different shapes and sizes, making it difficult to draw without referring to a picture of India's states already drawn. Find a picture of India with all of the states clearly pictured and practice drawing them on your own map. When figuring out how large or small to draw each state, use the eraser on your pencil or the tip of your finger as a measuring tool. For example, you might measure and find out that the length of India is 27 pencil erasers, and the first state that goes along this length is 3 pencil erasers long. If desired, label each state after you've drawn them all in, writing each state's name. For example, you might label Andhra Pradesh, which is on the coast of India to the southeast, or Punjab, which is towards the northernmost tip of India. Some of the major cities in India include Mumbai, which is on the western coast of India a little more than halfway down the length of it, and New Delhi, which is towards the top middle of India. Decide which cities you'd like to include on your map, drawing a star, dot, or other symbol to show where they're located. Kolkata is located near the eastern tip of India, and Bangalore is in the middle of the bottom tip of India. Hyderabad is roughly three-quarters of the way down the middle of India going vertically. Use different colors to show the different elevations of India. Areas of very high altitude might be purple, while areas of average altitude are yellow, and areas of low altitude are green. For example, color in the Himalayan mountains area, which is the northernmost point of India, a dark purple to show a very high elevation. The entire coast of India with the exception of the Himalayan mountains is a very low elevation. The middle of India and the southernmost area of India both have mountain ranges of average elevation. If you want to add some creativity to your map, choose major landmarks of India, such as the Taj Mahal, Golden Temple, or Amber Fort, and draw a small picture of them where they're located. After drawing the simple picture, you can label the landmark too, if desired. Consider putting the pictures of the landmarks in a key to the side of your map so you don't need to write the names of each landmark directly on the map. For example, you might draw a simple outline of the Taj Mahal and place it 12cm (0.390.79in) above the center of India. Draw lines in the shape of rivers to show where they're located in India, or write the names of the oceans surrounding India. You can even use a blue pencil or pen to make it clearer that you're depicting water. You might label the Arabian Sea to the left of India, the Bay of Bengal to the right of India, and the Indian Ocean at the bottom of India. The Ganges river flows diagonally along the upper right section of India. The Narmada, Tapti, Krishna, and Kaveri rivers all flow horizontally across India. Your key will tell your map viewers what any symbols mean, such as a squiggly blue line portraying a river or a star signifying a city. Draw a box to the right of your map and put any symbols in the box that you show in your map, writing what the symbol means to the right of each one. In your key you might draw a picture of the Taj Mahal and write "Taj Mahal" next to it, or draw dotted lines and write "state boundary" next to it. Use crayons, colored pencils, or markers to enhance your map. Color each state a different color, or color in rivers and oceans a blue color to represent water. If you added landmarks to your map, add details using different colors. For example, color the states using colors like red, yellow, purple, and green.

Summary: Draw the states and union territories of India to show boundary lines. Create dots or stars to mark the main cities in India. Illustrate the topography of India to show land contours. Draw small pictures to show important landmarks. Label any rivers or oceans to show the bodies of water. Make a key for your map so people can read it easily. Color your map to make states, landmarks, or bodies of water stand out.

Fill a large pot with 1 to 2 inches (2.54 to 5.08 centimeters) of water. Place a heat-safe glass container inside the large pot. The top of the glass container should be above the water level. If you have a metal beaker used for candle-making, you can use this instead of the glass container.
Summary: Assemble a double boiler or bain marie.