Line 1: *Vertebrates are all chordates that have a backbone. Invertebrates are animals who lack a backbone or spinal column. Vertebrates are all chordates that have a spinal column.*
*(G)*
Line 2: *What do all vertebrates have that invertebrates don't?
Options:
- (A) sensory neurons
- (B) fur and fat
- (C) bones and joints
- (D) a jaw bone
- (E) kinetic energy
- (F) Chemical energy
- (G) a spinal column
- (H) a set of gills*

Logic of a solution: *Producers are organisms that produce food for themselves and other organisms. Green plants are food producers. Plants are organisms that make food for themselves and other organisms.*
*(G)*
The original question: *Plants are capable of making:
Options:
- (A) Chemical energy
- (B) glucose
- (C) solar energy
- (D) fertilizer
- (E) Organic compounds
- (F) Exfoliation
- (G) their own food
- (H) nitrogen*

Line 1: *Molecules of tRNA bring amino acids to the ribosome in the correct sequence. Amino Acids Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Molecules of tRNA bring the building blocks of proteins to the ribosome in the correct sequence.*
*(H)*
Line 2: *What brings the building blocks of proteins to the ribosomes in the correct sequence?
Options:
- (A) recycling
- (B) flow of electrons
- (C) Chemical energy
- (D) it needs them
- (E) an engine
- (F) light energy
- (G) A computer
- (H) molecules of tRNA*

Logic of a solution: *Echinoderms lack a centralized nervous system. Echinoderms are represented by the starfish. Starfish lack a centralized nervous system.*
*(B)*
The original question: *What is something missing in starfish?
Options:
- (A) the body's largest organ
- (B) centralized nervous system
- (C) characteristics
- (D) layers of fat
- (E) permineralization
- (F) biological diversity
- (G) kinetic energy
- (H) A compound that donates proton*

Line 1: *Carbon may be stored in sedimentary rock for millions of years. Limestone is a type of sedimentary rock. Carbon may be stored in limestone for millions of years.*
*(D)*
Line 2: *What element can be stored in limestone for millions of years?
Options:
- (A) oxygen
- (B) Energy
- (C) matter
- (D) carbon
- (E) sodium
- (F) helium
- (G) rock salt
- (H) heat*

Line 1: *Wings are part of the exoskeleton and attached to the thorax. An exoskeleton is an external framework. Wings are part of the external framework.*
*(D)*
Line 2:
*What body part would be attached to the external framework?
Options:
- (A) heart
- (B) insects
- (C) respiratory system
- (D) wings
- (E) humans
- (F) Tail
- (G) fat
- (H) digestive system*