Problem: Article: Fill a sock with silica cat litter. Tie off the end with a piece of string, and then place one or two full socks near the front of your dashboard. This should absorb the moisture inside your car over night, preventing any fog buildup. Use the type of shaving cream that foams up when you squirt it out of the can or bottle. Spray a small amount of cream onto a soft cotton cloth and spread it over your entire windshield. Use a clean, dry rag to wipe it off. This should create a moisture barrier on your window, preventing fog build up. If your car is in a secure area, roll your windows down about a half inch or so. This allows some outside air to get in to the car, and can prevent the windshield from fogging. This method is best for the summer time, since you don't want to risk any ice or snow getting into your car during the winter.
Summary: Use silica cat litter. Apply shaving cream to your windshield. Roll your windows down if you can.

Problem: Article: Cellphones have never been so fragile and prone to scratching as they are today. Screen protectors are commonplace, and you should invest in one if you're the slightest bit worried about damaging your phone. Common phone protectors aren't generally too expensive, and they'll be much more affordable than replacing your screen or phone if the damage is bad enough. Higher-end protectors are virtually unbreakable, while affordable brands will at least take damage so your phone proper won't have to. Between a plastic screen protector and tempered glass protector, you are better off investing in the latter. Tempered glass protectors offer better durability, visibility, and comfortable feel. Most of the time your phone is scratched or damaged, you'll be on the go somewhere. It's important to consider where scratches come from and how they're most likely to be made. Put your phone in a separate pocket than your keys or coins. If possible, place your phone in a zip-up pocket to prevent it falling out accidentally. Don't put your phone in your back pocket. On top of risking cracking if you sit down on it, there have been reports of it causing nerve problems due to the pressure it creates on your backside.
Summary: Purchase a screen protector. Stow your phone somewhere safe.

Problem: Article: When you are not using your pen, keep the cap on it. This will prevent your pen from drying out. If you leave your fountain pen lying down, the ink will dry up in the nib. If you are planning to store your pen for longer than about a week, you should remove the ink so that it doesn't dry up. Remove the ink cartridge and clean out the nib. Allow the nib to dry fully before storing the pen. Then you can store this pen in a pen case. If you leave the ink in the pen, the ink's acids will mix with oxygen and start oxidizing the nib. Pen cases are intended to allow pens to lie flat. This is not beneficial for pens that have ink in them, since it will allow the ink to settle in the nib. Use these pen cases if you have already removed the ink, or if the pen is brand-new and you haven't installed an ink cartridge yet.
Summary: Keep the cap on the pen. Store your pen pointing upwards in a cup or other pen holder. Remove ink for long-term storage. Store unfilled pens in a pen case.

Problem: Article: When questions and conflicts arise in the relationships between sovereign nations, they are solved under the rules of public international law. This body of law consists of the treaties and legal decisions interpreting those treaties. International law assumes that all the parties, as sovereign states, are equals. Conflicts arising under public international law can be settled either through diplomatic negotiations or in the International Court of Justice. This is the court of the United Nations. Fifteen judges, elected by the UN General Assembly, use international legal precedent to issue advisory opinions and solve legal disputes between governments. The International Court of Justice has jurisdiction in two types of cases. The first is where the two countries agree to submit the conflict to the court. The second is when a treaty specifies the court as the legal authority over disputes. When citizens of different states have a legal dispute, there is often a question about what law applies. This choice of law question in civil issues, ranging from contracts to family law, is discussed in the Hague Conference on Private International Law. In general, courts will first defer to any contract or agreement clauses that identify what courts will have jurisdiction. In the absence of explicit choice of law language, the court will look to the overall circumstances of the contract, the behavior of the parties in creating the contract (called parol evidence) and if the parties can agree on jurisdiction. The customary international law is codified in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties. Under this custom, states consistently adhere to certain practices out historical and legal obligation.
Summary:
Understand the concept of public international law. Differentiate private international law from public. Review the sources of international law.