Please capitalize where necessary: let's understand! right here is the point of difficulty.
A: Let's UNDERSTAND! Right here is the point of difficulty.

Q: the rev oliver rankin became professor of old testament language, literature and theology in the university of edinburgh in 1937. robert was named after his grandfather, robert rankin, who was minister of lamington, lanarkshire.

A: The Rev Oliver Rankin became Professor of Old Testament Language, Literature and Theology in the University of Edinburgh in 1937. Robert was named after his grandfather, Robert Rankin, who was Minister of Lamington, Lanarkshire.

Q: we hereby expressly prohibit third parties from using the contact data published as part of our obligation to include company details on the website for the purpose of sending promotional and informational materials that have not been expressly requested.
A: We hereby expressly prohibit third parties from using the contact data published as part of our obligation to include company details on the website for the purpose of sending promotional and informational materials that have not been expressly requested.

Problem: guide your ship through the caves but keep an eye on that fuel gauge . asteroid runner
Can you repeat this sentence, but capitalize it?
Answer: Guide your ship through the caves but keep an eye on that fuel gauge . Asteroid Runner

Text: the various churches could not agree to set up a single body, so various bodies were set up by the church of england, the roman catholic church, and others.

Correct capitalization: The various churches could not agree to set up a single body, so various bodies were set up by the Church of England, the Roman Catholic Church, and others.

Q: piece now measures approx 14-15-16 (17-18) cm. k2 tog all the way round, cut the thread, pull through remaining sts and fasten.
A:
Piece now measures approx 14-15-16 (17-18) cm. K2 tog all the way round, cut the thread, pull through remaining sts and fasten.