Problem: CHAPTER XXVI

ON THE TRAIL

It was a long, wet sail up the coast with the wind ahead, and Carroll was quite content when, on reaching Comox, Vane announced his intention of stopping there until the mail came in. Immediately after its arrival, Carroll went ashore, and came back empty-handed.

"Nothing," he reported. "Personally, I'm pleased. Nairn could have advised us here if there had been any striking developments since we left the last place."

"I wasn't expecting to hear from him," Vane replied tersely.

Carroll read keen disappointment in his face, and was not surprised, although the absence of any message meant that it was safe for them to go on with their project and that should have afforded his companion satisfaction. The latter sat on deck, gazing somewhat moodily across the ruffled water toward the snow-clad heights of the mainland range. They towered, dimly white and majestic, above a scarcely-trodden wilderness, and Carroll, at least, was not pleasantly impressed by the spectacle. Though not to be expected always, the cold snaps are now and then severe in those wilds. Indeed, at odd times a frost almost as rigorous as that of Alaska lays its icy grip upon the mountains and the usually damp forests at their feet.

"I wish I could have got a man to go with us, but between the coal development and the logging, everybody's busy," he remarked.

"It doesn't matter," Vane assured him. "If we took a man along and came back unsuccessful, there'd be a risk of his giving the thing away. Besides, he might make trouble in other respects. A hired packer would probably kick against what you and I may have to put up with."
1. Was there any mail at Comox?
2. How did Carroll feel about that?
3. But was Carroll?
4. When there was no mail did that mean that it OK to go on?
5. Where was Vane sitting?
6. What was he doing there?
7. At What?
8. Was Carroll happy about what he saw?
9. Could it get cold there?
10. As cold as where?
Answer: 1. No
2. Vane was didsppointed
3. unknown
4. yes
5. on deck
6. gazing somewhat moodily
7. the snow-clad heights of the mainland range
8. was not pleasantly impressed
9. yes
10. Alaska

Problem: Cartilage is a resilient and smooth elastic tissue, rubber-like padding that covers and protects the ends of long bones at the joints, and is a structural component of the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the bronchial tubes, the intervertebral discs, and many other body components. It is not as hard and rigid as bone, but it is much stiffer and much less flexible than muscle.

Because of its rigidity, cartilage often serves the purpose of holding tubes open in the body. Examples include the rings of the trachea, such as the cricoid cartilage and carina.

Cartilage is composed of specialized cells called chondrocytes that produce a large amount of collagenous extracellular matrix, abundant ground substance that is rich in proteoglycan and elastin fibers. Cartilage is classified in three types, "elastic cartilage", "hyaline cartilage" and "fibrocartilage", which differ in relative amounts of collagen and proteoglycan.

Cartilage does not contain blood vessels (it is avascular) or nerves (it is aneural). Nutrition is supplied to the chondrocytes by diffusion. The compression of the articular cartilage or flexion of the elastic cartilage generates fluid flow, which assists diffusion of nutrients to the chondrocytes. Compared to other connective tissues, cartilage has a very slow turnover of its extracellular matrix and does not repair. In embryogenesis, the skeletal system is derived from the mesoderm germ layer. Chondrification (also known as chondrogenesis) is the process by which cartilage is formed from condensed mesenchyme tissue, which differentiates into chondroblasts and begins secreting the molecules (aggrecan and collagen type II) that form the extracellular matrix.
1. What substance can cartilage be compared to?
2. Is it flexible or rigid?
3. Where is cartilage located in the body?
4. Anywhere else?
5. What is cartilage like compared to muscle?
6. What kinds of cells is cartilage made up of?
7. What are they called?
8. What do they produce?
9. How many types of cartilage are there?
10. How do they differ?
11. How do cartilage cells get nutrition?
12. How often does cartilage repair itself?
13. Does cartilage have blood vessels?
Answer: 1. other connective tissues
2. flexibl
3. , the ear,
4. the rib cage
5. stiffer
6. specialized cells
7. chondrocytes
8. matrix
9. three
10. in relative amounts of collagen and proteoglycan
11. diffusion
12. never
13. no

Problem: Leah Catches a Fish

Leah loved to eat fish as a young girl. She saw fish as good food. But she asked, "Where do fish come from?" "People have to catch them," Daddy said." Leah wanted to know how to catch a fish.

"People have caught fish from a pole, line, and hook for a long time," Daddy said." "I am about to show you how to that."

"Let's take a lunch with us," Daddy said. Leah chose some fries with ketchup and a bean sandwich. Leah also like sweets. She brought some candy bears. Leah has strange tastes.

Daddy drove to a nearby lake. It was early. Leah was yawning in daddy's car.

The people at the lake had special times for young people learning to fish. They talked with Leah about them. Leah was excited.

Daddy took Leah to a small spot on the lake. Daddy showed Leah how to put a worm on the hook as something to get the fish. Daddy said other like things like grasshoppers, corn, or tiny fish could also get the fish.

Leah lifted her pole and dropped her line in the water. The small red and white float was there on the water. It was easy to see that from the blue water and sunny sky.

Leah said, "Daddy I'm bored."

Daddy told her that sometimes you need to wait.

After a short wait, the float went under!

"Leah, you have a fish!" Daddy yelled.

Leah lifted up her line and took the small fish out of the water.

"Daddy, I can catch fish", she happily said.
1. Did Leah like to eat fish when she was young?
2. What did she want to know about fish?
3. and what did her dad anwser?
4. What did Leah want to know after that?
5. What did her dad anwser to that?
6. Was he going to show her how to catch a fish?
7. What did he want to take with them?
8. What did Leah pick for lunch?
9. Did she bring any other food?
10. Where did they drive to?
11. What time of day was it?
12. What did her dad show her how to put on the hook?
13. What else did he say fish like?
14. Whas it sunny out?
15. Did she get bored?
16. What happends after a short wait?
17. What did leah do next?
18. Was she happy to catch a fish?
Answer:
1. yes
2. Where fish come from
3. People have to catch them
4. how to catch a fish
5. People have caught fish from a pole, line, and hook for a long time
6. yes
7. Lunch
8. fries with ketchup and a bean sandwich
9. candy bears
10. a nearby lake
11. early
12. a worm
13. grasshoppers, corn, or tiny fish
14. yes
15. yes
16. the float went under
17. lifted up her line and took the small fish out of the water.
18. yes