In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
Q: The Schaeffer-Bergmann variety of this phenomenon arises in interactions with sounds that take place in crystals, and the Kirchhoff formalism derives this phenomenon from a scalar differential wave theory. The Cornu spiral is a graphical depiction of Fresnel integrals, which characterize the near-field variety of this process, while the far-field variety is known as the Fraunhoffer type. For a circular aperture, this phenomenon results in Airy discs, and the Rayleigh criterion represents the maximum resolvability of a lens known as this phenomenon's namesake limit. Governed in x-ray crystallography by Bragg's law, FTP, identify this optical effect in which light bends around the edges of an aperture.
A:
Science