Process: - Batteries are put in a flashlight - The flashlight is turned on - Two contact strips touch one another - A circuit is completed between the batteries and the lamp - The lamp in the flashlight begins to glow - The reflector in the flashlight directs the lamp's beam - A straight beam of light is generated - The flashlight is turned off - The circuit is broken - The beam is no longer visible. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose there are more cans in general happens, how will it affect the flashlight lamp does not glow. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer: no

Process: - Magma comes up to the surface of the earth - The magma cools - Particles inside the magma move closer together - Crystals are formed - The crystals contain minerals. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose more pollution occurs happens, how will it affect less magma comes to the earth's surface. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer: no

Process: - A can is thrown away into a recycling bin - The can is taken to a recycling center - Melted down along with other cans - The melted metal is turned into bars - Becomes material for other products. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose more cans are melted down happens, how will it affect MORE aluminum cans being recycled. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer:
yes