instruction:
In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''John R. Justice Prosecutors and
Defenders Incentive Act of 2007''.

SEC. 2. LOAN REPAYMENT FOR PROSECUTORS AND DEFENDERS.

Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968
(42 U.S.C. 3711 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

''PART JJ--LOAN REPAYMENT FOR PROSECUTORS AND PUBLIC DEFENDERS

''SEC. 3111. GRANT AUTHORIZATION.

''(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to encourage
qualified individuals to enter and continue employment as prosecutors
and public defenders.
''(b) Definitions.--In this section:
''(1) Prosecutor.--The term 'prosecutor' means a full-time
employee of a State or local agency who--
''(A) is continually licensed to practice law; and
''(B) prosecutes criminal cases at the State or
local level.
''(2) Public defender.--The term 'public defender' means an
attorney who--
''(A) is continually licensed to practice law; and
''(B) is--
''(i) a full-time employee of a State or
local agency or a nonprofit organization
operating under a contract with a State or unit
of local government, that provides legal
representation to indigent persons in criminal
cases; or
''(ii) employed as a full-time Federal
defender attorney in a defender organization
established pursuant to subsection (g) of
section 3006A of title 18, United States Code,
that provides legal representation to indigent
persons in criminal cases.
''(3) Student loan.--The term 'student loan' means--
''(A) a loan made, insured, or guaranteed under
part B of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965
(20 U.S.C. 1071 et seq.), excluding a loan under
section 428C of such Act, except as provided under
subparagraph (C);
''(B) a loan made under part D or E of title IV of
the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087a et
seq. and 1087aa et seq.), excluding a loan under
section 455(g) of such Act, except as provided under
subparagraph (C); and
''(C) a loan made under section 428C or 455(g) of
the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1078-3 and
1087e(g)) to the extent that such loan was used to
repay a Federal Direct Stafford Loan, a Federal Direct
Unsubsidized Stafford Loan, or a loan made under
section 428 or 428H of such Act.
''(c) Program Authorized.--The Attorney General shall establish a
program by which the Department of Justice shall assume the obligation
to repay a student loan, by direct payments on behalf of a borrower to
the holder of such loan, in accordance with subsection (d), for any
borrower who--
''(1) is employed as a prosecutor or public defender; and
''(2) is not in default on a loan for which the borrower
seeks forgiveness.
''(d) Terms of Agreement.--
''(1) In general.--To be eligible to receive repayment
benefits under subsection (c), a borrower shall enter into a
written agreement that specifies that--
''(A) the borrower will remain employed as a
prosecutor or public defender for a required period of
service of not less than 3 years, unless involuntarily
separated from that employment;
''(B) if the borrower is involuntarily separated
from employment on account of misconduct, or
voluntarily separates from employment, before the end
of the period specified in the agreement, the borrower
will repay the Attorney General the amount of any
benefits received by such employee under this section;
''(C) if the borrower is required to repay an
amount to the Attorney General under subparagraph (B)
and fails to repay such amount, a sum equal to that
amount shall be recoverable by the Federal Government
from the borrower (or such borrower's estate, if
applicable) by such methods as are provided by law for
the recovery of amounts owed to the Federal Government;
''(D) the Attorney General may waive, in whole or
in part, a right of recovery under this subsection if
it is shown that recovery would be against equity and
good conscience or against the public interest; and
''(E) the Attorney General shall make student loan
payments under this section for the period of the
agreement, subject to the availability of
appropriations.
''(2) Repayments.--
''(A) In general.--Any amount repaid by, or
recovered from, a borrower or the estate of a borrower
under this subsection shall be credited to the
appropriation account from which the amount involved
was originally paid.
''(B) Merger.--Any amount credited under
subparagraph (A) shall be merged with other sums in
such account and shall be available for the same
purposes and period, and subject to the same
limitations, if any, as the sums with which the amount
was merged.
''(3) Limitations.--
''(A) Student loan payment amount.--Student loan
repayments made by the Attorney General under this
section shall be made subject to such terms,
limitations, or conditions as may be mutually agreed
upon by the borrower and the Attorney General in an
agreement under paragraph (1), except that the amount
paid by the Attorney General under this section shall
not exceed--
''(i) $10,000 for any borrower in any
calendar year; or
''(ii) an aggregate total of $60,000 in the
case of any borrower.
''(B) Beginning of payments.--Nothing in this
section shall authorize the Attorney General to pay any
amount to reimburse a borrower for any repayments made
by such borrower prior to the date on which the
Attorney General entered into an agreement with the
borrower under this subsection.
''(e) Additional Agreements.--
''(1) In general.--On completion of the required period of
service under an agreement under subsection (d), the borrower
and the Attorney General may, subject to paragraph (2), enter
into an additional agreement in accordance with subsection (d).
''(2) Term.--An agreement entered into under paragraph (1)
may require the borrower to remain employed as a prosecutor or
public defender for less than 3 years.
''(f) Award Basis; Priority.--
''(1) Award basis.--Subject to paragraph (2), the Attorney
General shall provide repayment benefits under this section on
a first-come, first-served basis, and subject to the
availability of appropriations.
''(2) Priority.--The Attorney General shall give priority
in providing repayment benefits under this section in any
fiscal year to a borrower who--
''(A) received repayment benefits under this
section during the preceding fiscal year; and
''(B) has completed less than 3 years of the first
required period of service specified for the borrower
in an agreement entered into under subsection (d).
''(g) Regulations.--The Attorney General is authorized to issue
such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of
this section.
''(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to carry out this section $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2008
and such sums as may be necessary for each succeeding fiscal year.''.
answer:
John R. Justice Prosecutors and Defenders Incentive Act of 2007- Amends the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 to direct the Attorney General to assume the obligation to repay student loans for borrowers who agree to remain employed, for at least three years, as: (1) state or local criminal prosecutors; or (2) state, local, or federal public defenders in criminal cases. Allows a borrower and the Attorney General to enter into an additional loan repayment agreement, after the required three-year period, for a successive period of service which may be less than three years. Limits the amount paid under such program on behalf of any borrower to $10,000 per calendar year and $60,000 total.

question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Medical Nutrition Equity Act of
2017''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds the following:
(1) Specialized food is often medically necessary for the
safe and effective management of many digestive and inherited
metabolic disorders that impact digestion, absorption, and
metabolism of nutrients.
(2) Although medically necessary food is essential for
patients, it is often expensive and not uniformly reimbursed by
health insurance, leaving many families with an insurmountable
financial burden.
(3) As a result, many patients who cannot afford medically
necessary food may experience adverse health consequences from
suboptimal disease management, including hospitalization,
intellectual impairment, behavioral dysfunction, inadequate
growth, nutrient deficiencies, and even death.

SEC. 3. COVERAGE OF MEDICALLY NECESSARY FOOD AND VITAMINS FOR DIGESTIVE
AND INHERITED METABOLIC DISORDERS UNDER FEDERAL HEALTH
PROGRAMS AND PRIVATE HEALTH INSURANCE.

(a) Coverage Under the Medicare Program.--
(1) Medically necessary food.--
(A) In general.--Section 1861(s)(2) of the Social
Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x(s)(2)) is amended--
(i) in subparagraph (FF), by striking
''and'' at the end;
(ii) in subparagraph (GG), by inserting
''and'' at the end; and
(iii) by adding at the end the following
new subparagraph:
''(HH) medically necessary food (as defined in subsection
(jjj)) and the medical equipment and supplies necessary to
administer such food (other than medical equipment and supplies
described in subsection (n));''.
(B) Definition.--Section 1861 of the Social
Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x) is amended by adding at
the end the following new subsection:

''Medically Necessary Food

''(jjj)(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the term 'medically necessary
food' means food, including a low protein modified food product and an
amino acid preparation product, that is--
''(A) furnished pursuant to the prescription, order, or
recommendation (as applicable) of a physician or other health
care professional qualified to make such prescription, order,
or recommendation, for the dietary management of a covered
disease or condition;
''(B) a specially formulated and processed product (as
opposed to a naturally occurring foodstuff used in its natural
state) for the partial or exclusive feeding of an individual by
means of oral intake or enteral feeding by tube;
''(C) intended for the dietary management of an individual
who, because of therapeutic or chronic medical needs, has
limited or impaired capacity to ingest, digest, absorb, or
metabolize ordinary foodstuffs or certain nutrients, or who has
other special medically determined nutrient requirements, the
dietary management of which cannot be achieved by the
modification of the normal diet alone;
''(D) intended to be used under medical supervision, which
may include in a home setting; and
''(E) intended only for an individual receiving active and
ongoing medical supervision wherein the individual requires
medical care on a recurring basis for, among other things,
instructions on the use of the food.
''(2) For purposes of paragraph (1), the term 'medically necessary
food' does not include the following:
''(A) Foods taken as part of an overall diet designed to
reduce the risk of a disease or medical condition or as weight
loss products, even if they are recommended by a physician or
other health professional.
''(B) Foods marketed as gluten-free for the management of
celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity.
''(C) Foods marketed for the management of diabetes.
''(D) Other products determined appropriate by the
Secretary.
''(3) In this subsection, the term 'covered disease or condition'
means the following diseases or conditions:
''(A) Inherited metabolic disorders, including the
following:
''(i) Disorders classified as metabolic disorders
on the Recommended Uniform Screening Panel Core
Conditions list of the Secretary of Health and Human
Services' Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in
Newborns and Children.
''(ii) N-acetyl glutamate synthase deficiency.
''(iii) Ornithine transcarbamlyase deficiency.
''(iv) Carbamoyl phosphate synthestase deficiency.
''(v) Inherited disorders of mitochondrial
functioning.
''(B) Medical and surgical conditions of malabsorption,
including the following:
''(i) Impaired absorption of nutrients caused by
disorders affecting the absorptive surface, functional
length, and motility of the gastrointestinal tract,
including short bowel syndrome and chronic intestinal
pseudo-obstruction.
''(ii) Malabsorption due to liver or pancreatic
disease.
''(C) Immunoglobulin E and non-Immunoglobulin E-mediated
allergies to food proteins, including the following:
''(i) Immunoglobulin E and non-Immunoglobulin E-
mediated allergies to food proteins.
''(ii) Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome.
''(iii) Eosinophilic disorders, including
eosinophilic esophagitis, eosinophilic gastroenteritis,
eosinophilic colitis, and post-transplant eosinophilic
disorders.
''(D) Inflammatory or immune mediated conditions of the
alimentary tract, including the following:
''(i) Inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn's
disease, ulcerative colitis, and indeterminate colitis.
''(ii) Gastroesophageal reflux disease that is
nonresponsive to standard medical therapies.
''(E) Any other disease or condition determined appropriate
by the Secretary.
''(4) In this subsection, the term ' low protein modified food
product' means a product formulated to have less than one gram of
protein per serving.''.
(C) Payment.--Section 1833(a)(1) of the Social
Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395l(a)(1)) is amended--
(i) by striking ''and'' before ''(BB)'';
and
(ii) by inserting before the semicolon at
the end the following: '', and (CC) with
respect to medically necessary food (as defined
in section 1861(jjj)), the amount paid shall be
an amount equal to 80 percent of the lesser of
the actual charge for the services or the
amount determined under a fee schedule
established by the Secretary for purposes of
this subparagraph.''.
(D) Effective date.--The amendments made by this
subsection shall apply to items and services furnished
on or after the date that is 1 year after the date of
the enactment of this Act.
(2) Inclusion of medically necessary vitamins as a covered
part d drug.--
(A) In general.--Section 1860D-2(e)(1) of the
Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w-102(e)(1)) is
amended--
(i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ''or''
at the end;
(ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the
comma at the end and inserting ''; or''; and
(iii) by inserting after subparagraph (B)
the following new subparagraph:
''(C) medically necessary vitamins used for the
management of a covered disease or condition (as
defined in section 1861(jjj)(3)) pursuant to the
prescription, order, or recommendation (as applicable)
of a physician or other health care professional
qualified to make such prescription, order, or
recommendation,''.
(B) Effective date.--The amendments made by
subparagraph (A) shall apply to plan years beginning on
or after the date that is 1 year after the date of the
enactment of this Act.
(b) Coverage Under the Medicaid Program.--
(1) In general.--Section 1905(a) of the Social Security Act
(42 U.S.C. 1396d(a)) is amended--
(A) in paragraph (28), by striking ''and'' at the
end;
(B) by redesignating paragraph (29) as paragraph
(31); and
(C) by inserting after paragraph (28) the following
new paragraphs:
''(29) medically necessary food (as defined in section
1861(jjj)) and the medical equipment and supplies necessary to
administer such food;
''(30) medically necessary vitamins used for the management
of a covered disease or condition (as defined in section
1861(jjj)(3)) pursuant to the prescription, order, or
recommendation (as applicable) of a physician or other health
care professional qualified to make such prescription, order,
or recommendation; and''.
(2) Conforming amendments.--
(A) Mandatory benefits.--Section 1902(a)(10)(A) of
the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396a(a)(10)(A)) is
amended, in the matter preceding clause (i), by
striking ''and (28)'' and inserting ''(28), (29), and
(30)''.
(B) Exception to coverage restriction.--Section
1927(d)(2)(E) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C.
1396r-8(d)(2)(E)) is amended by inserting ''and except
for medically necessary vitamins described in section
1905(a)(30)'' before the period at the end.
(3) Effective date.--
(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the
amendments made by this subsection shall take effect on
the date that is 1 year after the date of the enactment
of this Act.
(B) Exception to effective date if state
legislation required.--In the case of a State plan for
medical assistance under title XIX of the Social
Security Act which the Secretary of Health and Human
Services determines requires State legislation (other
than legislation appropriating funds) in order for the
plan to meet the additional requirements imposed by the
amendments made by this subsection, the State plan
shall not be regarded as failing to comply with the
requirements of such title solely on the basis of its
failure to meet this additional requirement before the
first day of the first calendar quarter beginning after
the close of the first regular session of the State
legislature that begins after the date of the enactment
of this Act. For purposes of the previous sentence, in
the case of a State that has a 2-year legislative
session, each year of such session shall be deemed to
be a separate regular session of the State legislature.
(c) Coverage Under CHIP.--
(1) In general.--Section 2103(c) of the Social Security Act
(42 U.S.C. 1397cc(c)) is amended by adding at the end the
following:
''(9) Medically necessary food.--The child health
assistance provided to a targeted low-income child under the
plan shall include coverage of medically necessary food (as
defined in section 1861(jjj)) and the medical equipment and
supplies necessary to administer such food.
''(10) Certain vitamins.--The child health assistance
provided to a targeted low-income child under the plan shall
include coverage of medically necessary vitamins used for the
management of a covered disease or condition (as defined in
section 1861(jjj)(3)) pursuant to the prescription, order, or
recommendation (as applicable) of a physician or other health
care professional qualified to make such prescription, order,
or recommendation.''.
(2) Conforming amendment.--Section 2103(a) of the Social
Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1397cc(a)) is amended, in the matter
preceding paragraph (1), by striking ''and (7)'' and inserting
''(7), (9), and (10)''.
(3) Effective date.--
(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), the
amendments made by this subsection shall take effect on
the date that is 1 year after the date of the enactment
of this Act.
(B) Exception to effective date if state
legislation required.--In the case of a State child
health plan for child health assistance under title XXI
of the Social Security Act which the Secretary of
Health and Human Services determines requires State
legislation (other than legislation appropriating
funds) in order for the plan to meet the additional
requirements imposed by the amendments made by this
subsection, the State child health plan shall not be
regarded as failing to comply with the requirements of
such title solely on the basis of its failure to meet
this additional requirement before the first day of the
first calendar quarter beginning after the close of the
first regular session of the State legislature that
begins after the date of the enactment of this Act. For
purposes of the previous sentence, in the case of a
State that has a 2-year legislative session, each year
of such session shall be deemed to be a separate
regular session of the State legislature.
(d) Modification of Diseases and Conditions Covered Under TRICARE
Program.--Section 1077(h)(3) of title 10, United States Code, is
amended--
(1) in subparagraph (D), by striking ''and'';
(2) by redesignating subparagraph (E) as subparagraph (F);
and
(3) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following:
''(E) Immunoglobulin E or non-Immunoglobulin E mediated
allergies to food proteins.''.
(e) Coverage Under FEHBP.--
(1) In general.--Section 8902 of title 5, United States
Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
''(p) A contract for a plan under this chapter shall require the
carrier to provide coverage for--
''(1) medically necessary food (as defined in section
1861(jjj) of the Social Security Act) and the medical equipment
and supplies necessary to administer such food; and
''(2) medically necessary vitamins in the same manner
provided for under section 1860D-2(e)(1)(C) of the Social
Security Act.''.
(2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1)
shall apply with respect to contract years beginning on or
after the date that is 1 year after the date of enactment of
this Act.
(f) Coverage Under Private Health Insurance.--
(1) In general.--Subpart II of part A of title XXVII of the
Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300gg-11 et seq.) is
amended by adding at the end the following:

''SEC. 2729. COVERAGE OF MEDICALLY NECESSARY FOOD AND VITAMINS.

''A health insurance issuer offering group or individual health
insurance coverage shall provide coverage for--
''(1) medically necessary food (as defined in section
1861(jjj) of the Social Security Act) and the medical equipment
and supplies necessary to administer such food; and
''(2) medically necessary vitamins in the same manner
provided for under section 1860D-2(e)(1)(C) of the Social
Security Act.''.
(2) Effective date.--The amendment made by paragraph (1)
shall apply to plan years beginning on or after the date that
is 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act.
answer:
Medical Nutrition Equity Act of 2017 This bill provides for coverage, under Medicare, Medicaid, other specified federal health-care programs, and private health insurance,of foods and vitamins that are medically necessary for the management ofcertain digestive and metabolic disordersand conditions.

question:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow
Congressional Gold Medal Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds that--
(1) born November 27, 1913, near Lodge Grass on the Crow
Indian Reservation, Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow is the oldest
living Crow Indian veteran;
(2) Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow is recognized as a warrior by
his tribe for completing all 4 actions of counting coup while
serving in the United States Armed Services during World War II
in Germany, France, and Italy;
(3) he earned his first coup by leading a war party, a
detail of soldiers, under fire, to retrieve dynamite to use for
attacking German guns;
(4) he earned his second and third coups by touching the
first fallen enemy and stealing his weapon, and when he met a
German soldier on a street in France, Dr. Medicine Crow knocked
down the soldier and kicked his rifle away;
(5) he earned his fourth coup by entering an enemy camp and
stealing their horses by sneaking into a farm where German SS
officers were holed up for the night, stealthily entering a
barn and corral, mounting a horse and, with a Crow war cry,
running the horses toward the Americans as ''the fireworks
started'' behind him and soldiers started shooting;
(6) upon returning from World War II, Dr. Joseph Medicine
Crow was the first member of the Crow Tribe to earn a master's
degree;
(7) Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow has since received 3 honorary
PhDs, from the University of Southern California, University of
Montana, and Rocky Mountain College;
(8) Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow has lectured throughout the
world on topics such as his masters thesis, ''The Effects of
European Culture Contact Upon the Economic, Social, and
Religious Life of the Crow Indians'';
(9) Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow has been a longtime teacher at
Little Big Horn College in Crow Agency, Montana;
(10) Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow is a noted tribal historian
and has authored several books on Crow culture, including
''Handbook on Crow Indian Treaties & Laws'', ''Medicine Crow, a
Crow Chief'', ''From the Heart of the Crow Country'',
''Whiteman Runs Him, Custer's Last Scout'', and ''Counting
Coup--Becoming a Crow Chief on the Reservation and Beyond'';
(11) Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow was appointed tribal
historian and anthropologist by the Crow Tribal Council in
1948;
(12) Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow is a renowned figure who is
included in narratives of the West in major museums around the
world;
(13) Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow was awarded the Montana
Historical Society Trustees' award for contributions to Montana
history in 1992;
(14) Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow was awarded the Jeff Dykes
Memorial Award for Notable Contributions to Western Affairs by
the Potomac Corral of the Westerners in 2000;
(15) Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow was awarded the Montana
Governor's Tourism Award in 2005;
(16) on June 25, 2008, near the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier
at the Custer Battlefield Museum in Garryowen, Montana, Dr.
Joseph Medicine Crow will be awarded the French Legion of Honor
Chevalier medal and the Bronze Star for his service in the
United States Army during World War II;
(17) Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow has been nominated for the
Presidential Medal of Freedom, the Nation's highest civil
award, reserved for contributions to the country's culture,
history, and security; and
(18) Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow has proven himself to be a
highly accomplished role model by--
(A) serving the Crow Tribe and the United States
with valor and heroism in World War II;
(B) successfully integrating his past; and
(C) educating others about his cultural heritage.

SEC. 3. CONGRESSIONAL GOLD MEDAL.

(a) Presentation Authorized.--The Speaker of the House of
Representatives and the President pro tempore of the Senate shall make
appropriate arrangements for the presentation, on behalf of the
Congress, of a gold medal of appropriate design in commemoration of Dr.
Joseph Medicine Crow, in recognition of his especially meritorious role
as a warrior of the Crow Tribe, Army Soldier in World War II, tribal
historian, and author.
(b) Design and Striking.--For purposes of the presentation referred
to in subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury (hereafter in this
Act referred to as the ''Secretary'') shall strike a gold medal with
suitable emblems, devices, and inscriptions, to be determined by the
Secretary.

SEC. 4. DUPLICATE MEDALS.

The Secretary may strike and sell duplicates in bronze of the gold
medal struck pursuant to section 3, under such regulations as the
Secretary may prescribe, at a price sufficient to cover the cost
thereof, including labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, and
overhead expenses, and the cost of the gold medal.

SEC. 5. STATUS OF MEDALS.

(a) National Medals.--The medals struck pursuant to this Act are
national medals for purposes of chapter 51 of title 31, United States
Code.
(b) Numismatic Items.--For purposes of section 5134 of title 31,
United States Code, all medals struck under this Act shall be
considered to be numismatic items.

SEC. 6. AUTHORITY TO USE FUND AMOUNTS; PROCEEDS OF SALE.

(a) Authority To Use Fund Amounts.--There are authorized to be
charged against the United States Mint Public Enterprise Fund, such
amounts as may be necessary to pay for the costs of the medals struck
pursuant to this Act.
(b) Proceeds of Sale.--Amounts received from the sale of duplicate
bronze medals authorized under section 4 shall be deposited into the
United States Mint Public Enterprise Fund.
answer:
Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow Congressional Gold Medal Act - Directs the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President Pro Tempore of the Senate to make appropriate arrangements for the presentation of a congressional gold medal in commemoration of Dr. Joseph Medicine Crow to recognize his especially meritorious role as a warrior of the Crow Tribe, Army Soldier in World War II, tribal historian, and author.