INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Some dogs are more at risk than others of picking up tapeworms. To become infected the dog needs contact with an "intermediate" host. These intermediate hosts are fleas and vermin, such as mice and rats. If your dog has fleas, there is a good chance it could acquire a tapeworm infection. If it grooms itself and swallows a flea its digestive juices will break down the protective shell of the egg packet and release the eggs into the bowel, where they grow into an adult tapeworms. Likewise if the dog is a hunter or scavenger and eats mice or rats, he will ingest tapeworm larvae that have formed cysts within the vermin's body tissue, and when the dog eats the encysted larvae they can go on to become adult tapeworms. A dog cannot become infected by contact with the egg packets passed from his own anus, because the egg packets need to pass through the intermediate host to reach the stage where they are infectious to dogs. The most obvious sign your dog has tapeworm is if you see the tapeworm eggs packet near the dog's anus or on its bedding. These egg packets can be white, creamy, golden, or gray colored, and vary in size between a cucumber seed and a sesame seed. They are variously described as looking like a small grain of rice or sesame seeds. If the eggs are newly passed, if you look closely you may see them wriggling. If the eggs are older they dry out and then look more like sesame seeds. The life cycle of the tapeworm means the adult worm within the dog's gut, releases these egg packets (also called proglottids) intermittently. These then migrate down through the gut and out of the dog's anus, ready to contaminate the environment and be a source of infection for the intermediate hosts (fleas or vermin). This migration irritates the lining of the rectum and anus, making it itchy and causing some dogs to scoot their bottoms along the ground. However, be aware that scooting can have other reasons beside tapeworm infection, such as full anal sacs or allergic skin conditions. Your vet can check for tapeworm infection by examining a fecal sample under a microscope to look for tapeworm eggs. However, it is possible to get false negatives because the adult tapeworm does not shed proglottids (the packet contained eggs) all the time but does so intermittently.

SUMMARY: Figure out if your dog is at risk for tapeworm. Look for tapeworm eggs. Pay attention if your dog is dragging its bottom along the ground. Take your dog to the vet if you suspect tapeworm.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Exercising regularly not only keeps you looking your best, but it will also improve your cardiovascular health, reduce your likelihood for certain diseases, give you more energy, and even improve your sex life. Healthy adults need 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity each week. Moderate activities include walking or swimming leisurely, while vigorous activities include jogging, kickboxing, or spinning. You should do strength training of some kind at least two days per week.Try lifting weights or doing floor work (crunches, push-ups, etc.) that use your own body as resistance. Consider joining a gym or local sports team. Exercising with other people can help keep you motivated, and will make exercise more fun. . Remember that you are what you eat. Whether you want to lose weight or simply improve your overall health, what you eat matters. Your diet should consist of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains. Read food labels and stay away from foods that contain artificial coloring, aspartame, and other chemicals. Eat sugar and empty carbohydrates in moderation. If you suffer from anxiety or depression, then cut down on alcohol and caffeine, as these substances will make matters worse. Makeovers aren't just about looking better, necessarily. The simple act of getting a haircut or buying different clothes can make you feel like a new person. Whether you're unhappy with your look or simply bored with it, try to mix things up. Change your wardrobe. Get rid of clothes that make you feel frumpy, sloppy, or otherwise bad about yourself. Make an effort to look your best on a daily basis. This doesn't necessarily mean dressing fancy or formal; rather, find clothes that are figure-flattering, stylish (in your opinion), affordable, and age-appropriate. Change your hairstyle. Get a haircut or dye your hair a different color. Women with long hair should consider getting layers, bangs, or a short bob. Men can drastically change their appearance using facial hair. Try growing a beard, mustache, or goatee. If you are a man who has always had facial hair, try shaving it off for a change.

SUMMARY: Get in shape. Eat well Get a makeover.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: If your metal comes from group 3 (or higher) in the periodic table, you'll need to figure out its charge. The subscript numeral of the anion that the metal is paired with indicates the charge of a transition metal. Metals will have a positive charge, so in this case, you'll cross over the 3 from the O3 and write that Fe has a charge of +3. You can also do the reverse and write that O has a charge of -2. In many high-school- or college-level chemistry assignments, the metal's charge will be provided for you. Consult the periodic table if you need to find out the chemical code for the metal you're dealing with. Since Fe is iron and it has a charge of +3, you can write down Iron (III). Remember to only use the Roman numeral when you're writing out the ionic compound's name and not when writing the formula. Refer to the periodic table if you forget the anion name. Since O is oxygen, you can drop the "gen" ending and add the "-ide" ending. Call it "oxide." Anions always take the ide suffix. So, you'll name anions the same regardless of what type of metal they're paired with in an ionic compound. This part is no different from writing out the name of an ionic compound that doesn't have a transition metal. Combine the metal and non-metal names (Roman numeral included) to name the ionic compound: Fe2O3 = Iron (III) oxide. The 2 transition metals that do have a definite charge are zinc (Zn) and silver (Ag). So, the charge of the metal in ionic compounds with zinc or silver doesn't need to be borrowed from the subscript of the anion. Zinc always has a charge of +2 and silver always has a charge of +1.This means that you don't have to use Roman numerals or the older naming method in describing those elements.

SUMMARY:
Find out the charge of the metal. Name the metal and add a Roman numeral as needed. Name the non-metal by revising the suffix. Combine the names to generate the ionic compound name. Don't use Roman numerals when naming compounds with zinc or silver.