Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Context: Impaired endothelial function, as assessed by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), is an established risk factor for cardiovascular events. FMD is impaired in heart failure (HF) patients, but less is known about hyperemic brachial artery flow. We investigated the relationship between FMD and hyperemic flow with adverse clinical outcomes in HF patients.', 'Brachial artery FMD and hyperemic flow were assessed in 156 patients (70.5 % Male; 45.5% Caucasian; mean age ( SD) = 56.2 (12.4) years) with HF and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the potential explanatory association of FMD and hyperemic flow with the composite outcome of death or cardiovascular hospitalization over a median 5-year follow-up period.', 'Both FMD and hyperemic flow were negatively correlated with age, but unrelated to sex, race, body mass index, LVEF or N-terminal pro-B-Type natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP). Reduced hyperemic flow, but not FMD, was associated with an increased risk of death or cardiac hospitalization after controlling for traditional risk factors.
Answer: The association of reduced hyperemic flow with increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes suggests that micro-vascular function may be an important prognostic marker in patients with HF.
Is reactive hyperemia associated with adverse clinical outcomes in heart failure?

Context: To increase the Zn level in shoots, AtHMA4 was ectopically expressed in tomato under the constitutive CaMV 35S promoter. However, the Zn concentration in the shoots of transgenic plants failed to increase at all tested Zn levels in the medium. Modification of Zn root/shoot distribution in tomato expressing 35S::AtHMA4 depended on the concentration of Zn in the medium, thus indicating involvement of unknown endogenous metal-homeostasis mechanisms. To determine these mechanisms, those metal-homeostasis genes that were expressed differently in transgenic and wild-type plants were identified by microarray and RT-qPCR analysis using laser-assisted microdissected RNA isolated from two root sectors: (epidermis+cortex and stele), and leaf sectors (upper epidermis+palisade parenchyma and lower epidermis+spongy parenchyma).', 'Zn-supply-dependent modification of Zn root/shoot distribution in AtHMA4-tomato (increase at 5M Zn, no change at 0.5M Zn) involved tissue-specific, distinct from that in the wild type, expression of tomato endogenous genes. First, it is suggested that an ethylene-dependent pathway underlies the detected changes in Zn root/shoot partitioning, as it was induced in transgenic plants in a distinct way depending on Zn exposure. Upon exposure to 5 or 0.5M Zn, in the epidermis+cortex of the transgenics' roots the expression of the Strategy I Fe-uptake system (ethylene-dependent LeIRT1 and LeFER) was respectively lower or higher than in the wild type and was accompanied by respectively lower or higher expression of the identified ethylene genes (LeNR, LeACO4, LeACO5) and of LeChln. Second, the contribution of LeNRAMP2 expression in the stele is shown to be distinct for wild-type and transgenic plants at both Zn exposures. Ethylene was also suggested as an important factor in a pathway induced in the leaves of transgenic plants by high Zn in the apoplast, which results in the initiation of loading of the excess Zn into the mesophyll of "Zn accumulating cells".
Answer: In transgenic tomato plants, the export activity of ectopically expressed AtHMA4 changes the cellular Zn status, which induces coordinated tissue-specific responses of endogenous ethylene-related genes and metal transporters. These changes constitute an important mechanism involved in the generation of the metal-related phenotype of transgenic tomato expressing AtHMA4.
Does engineering high Zn in tomato shoot through expression of AtHMA4 involves tissue-specific modification of endogenous genes?

Context: To identify the prevalence, clinical characteristics and routine EEG features of the syndrome of eyelid myoclonia with absences (EMA) using a retrospective case control study design.', "EEGs from 1996 to 2005 were searched using the following keywords: eyelid flutter, eyelid blinking, tics, idiopathic generalized epilepsy, clinical absence, atypical absence and photoparoxysmal response. During the same period, patients with a diagnosis of idiopathic generalized epilepsy were identified. Patients with mainly eyelid fluttering/eyelid blinking as their seizure semiology were divided into EMA and non-EMA groups using previously published criteria and compared using parametric (Student's t-test) and non-parametric tests (Chi square) where appropriate. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant.", 'The keywords identified 997 patients, 288 patients were diagnosed with idiopathic generalized epilepsy; 126 had eyelid fluttering/blinking as their major seizure semiology. After excluding 51 patients due to incomplete data, of 75 remaining patients, 26 (9.03%) had EMA. Patients with EMA were (1) older at time of first EEG (OR=2.86; 95% CI=7.00-10.23; p=0.005) (2) more likely to have an event on routine EEG (OR=3.62; 95% CI=1.28-10.19; p=0.01) (3) had >3 events per day (OR=9.73; 95% CI=2.06-45.96; p=0.0012) (4) had higher prevalence of developmental delay (OR=4.46; 95% CI=1.36-14.67; p=0.01) and (5) had normal EEG background compared to the non-EMA group.
Answer: EMA is not uncommon; diagnosis can be made with good clinical history and routine EEG. As developmental delay is a common association with EMA in this study, early identification and treatment are important.
Is eyelid myoclonia with absences : routine EEG sufficient to make a diagnosis?