In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.

Ex Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Mandatory Foreclosure Mediation
Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

In this Act, the following definitions shall apply:
(1) Alternative to foreclosure.--The term ''alternative to
foreclosure''--
(A) means a course of action with respect to a
mortgage offered by a servicer to a borrower as an
alternative to a covered foreclosure action; and
(B) includes a short sale and a deed in lieu of
foreclosure.
(2) Borrower.--The term ''borrower'' means a mortgagor
under a mortgage who is in default or at risk of imminent
default, as determined by the Secretary through regulations.
(3) Foreclosure action.--The term ''foreclosure action''
means a judicial or nonjudicial foreclosure.
(4) Loan modification program.--The term ''loan
modification program'' means a program or procedure designed to
change the terms of a mortgage in the case of the default,
delinquency, or imminent default or delinquency of a mortgagor,
including a loan modification program established by a servicer
that reduces the principal owed by the mortgagor on the
mortgage.
(5) Mortgage.--The term ''mortgage'' means a federally
related mortgage loan, as defined in section 3(1) of the Real
Estate Settlement Procedures Act of 1974 (12 U.S.C. 2602(1)),
that is secured by a first or subordinate lien on residential
real property.
(6) Secretary.--The term ''Secretary'' means the Secretary
of Housing and Urban Development.
(7) Servicer.--The term ''servicer''--
(A) has the same meaning as in section 6(i) of the
Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act of 1974 (12
U.S.C. 2605(i)); and
(B) includes a person responsible for servicing a
pool of mortgages.

SEC. 3. MEDIATION REQUIRED BEFORE FORECLOSURE.

(a) Initiation of Foreclosure Actions.--A servicer may not initiate
a foreclosure action against a borrower unless the servicer has--
(1) made a reasonable effort to initiate mediation
proceedings in accordance with the process established in
regulations prescribed pursuant to subsection (c) to determine
whether the borrower is eligible for a loan modification or an
alternative to foreclosure; and
(2) offered the borrower a loan modification or an
alternative to foreclosure, if the borrower is eligible for the
loan modification or alternative to foreclosure.
(b) Suspension of Foreclosure Actions.--
(1) In general.--A servicer shall suspend a foreclosure
action that was initiated before the date of enactment of this
Act until the servicer--
(A) completes a mediation proceeding in accordance
with the process established in regulations prescribed
pursuant to subsection (c) to determine whether the
borrower is eligible for a loan modification or an
alternative to foreclosure; and
(B) offers the borrower a loan modification or an
alternative to foreclosure, if the borrower is eligible
for a loan modification or an alternative to
foreclosure.
(2) Suspension.--During the period of the suspension under
paragraph (1), a servicer may not--
(A) send a notice of foreclosure to a borrower;
(B) conduct or schedule a sale of the real property
securing the mortgage of the borrower; or
(C) cause final judgment to be entered against the
borrower.
(3) Reasonable efforts.--A servicer is not required to
suspend a foreclosure action under paragraph (1) if the
servicer--
(A) makes a reasonable effort to schedule a
mediation proceeding to determine whether the borrower
is eligible for a loan modification or an alternative
to foreclosure; and
(B) documents that the borrower has not agreed to a
mediation proceeding to determine whether the borrower
is eligible for a loan modification or an alternative
to foreclosure.
(4) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this section may be
construed to require a servicer to delay an unavoidable
foreclosure, such as foreclosure that results from a borrower
abandoning the residential real property securing a mortgage.
(c) Establishment of Mediation Process.--The Secretary shall
establish through regulations a mediation process to determine whether
the borrower is eligible for a loan modification or an alternative to
foreclosure under this section.

SEC. 4. BAR TO FORECLOSURE ACTIONS.

(a) In General.--Subject to subsection (b), a violation of this Act
shall be a bar to a foreclosure action.
(b) Effect of Subsequent Compliance.--If a servicer is in
compliance with this Act, the servicer may bring or proceed with a
foreclosure action, without regard to a prior violation of this Act by
the servicer.

SEC. 5. REGULATIONS.

Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the
Secretary shall issue regulations to carry out this Act.

SEC. 6. REPORT.

Each servicer that initiates mediation proceedings under section 3
shall submit to the Secretary a quarterly report at such time, in such
manner, and containing such information, with respect to such
proceedings, as the Secretary may require.

Ex Output:
Mandatory Foreclosure Mediation Act - Prohibits a servicer from initiating a foreclosure action against a borrower unless the servicer has: (1) made a reasonable effort to initiate mediation proceedings to determine if the borrower is eligible for a loan modification or an alternative to foreclosure; and (2) offered the borrower, if eligible, such a modification or alternative.

Requires a servicer to suspend a foreclosure action initiated before the enactment of this Act until the servicer: (1) completes such a mediation proceeding; and (2) offers the borrower, if eligible, a modification or alternative.

Prohibits a servicer, during the suspension period, from: (1) sending the borrower a notice of foreclosure, (2) conducting or scheduling a sale of the real property securing the mortgage, or (3) causing final judgment to be entered against the borrower.

Directs the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) to establish such a mediation process.

Declares that a servicer is not required to suspend a foreclosure action if the servicer makes a reasonable effort to schedule a mediation proceeding and documents that the borrower has not agreed to one.

Makes a violation of this Act a bar to a foreclosure action. Allows a servicer in compliance with this Act, however, to bring or proceed with a foreclosure action, regardless of any prior violation.

Ex Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Reporting on Influence and
Subversion by the Kremlin Act'' or ''RISK Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds the following:
(1) In 1986, an interagency working group issued a report
assessing ''active measures'' by the former Soviet Union
against the United States.
(2) The working group concluded that ''there is a massive
and highly organized effort by the Soviet Union and its proxies
to influence world opinion''.
(3) The working group further observed that ''this effort
includes public diplomacy to enhance the Soviet image abroad
and . . . also includes a persistent, widespread program of
disinformation and deception designed to discredit the U.S.
image abroad and disrupt U.S. policy objectives.''.
(4) Active measures by the Russian Federation have shown no
diminution since the last report issued by the working group in
1987, including--
(A) to influence world opinion;
(B) to undercut democratic processes and
institutions in the United States and partner nations;
(C) to challenge the international liberal order;
and
(D) to establish an unfettered sphere of influence.
(5) The Director of National Intelligence concluded in
light of the Russian Federation's hacking of the 2016
presidential election that ''Russian efforts to influence the
2016 U.S. presidential election represent the most recent
expression of Moscow's longstanding desire to undermine the
U.S.-led liberal democratic order.''.
(6) The Russian Federation is deploying an array of
military, cyber, intelligence, and economic tactics to weaken
United States democratic institutions, divide Europe from the
United States, divide Europe from within, undermine
organizations such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
and the European Union, and coerce partners to cooperate with
Russia.
(7) Militarily, Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered
the forcible and illegal occupation of Crimea in March 2014 and
the invasion of Georgia in 2008.
(8) The Russian military, in which President Putin has
invested heavily, continues to engage in acts of aggression and
intimidation against United States allies across Europe.
(9) The Russian Federation's subversive activities
undermine trust in democratic systems, giving rise to political
instability.

SEC. 3. ASSESSMENT OF SUBVERSIVE ACTIVITIES BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

(a) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to Congress
a report setting forth an assessment, obtained by the Secretary for
purposes of the report, of subversive activities by the Russian
Federation.
(b) Independent Assessment.--
(1) In general.--The assessment obtained for purposes of
subsection (a) shall be conducted by a federally funded
research and development center (FFRDC), or another appropriate
independent entity with expertise in diplomatic and military
developments in Europe and the Russian Federation, selected by
the Secretary for purposes of the assessment.
(2) Use of previous studies.--The entity conducting the
assessment may use and incorporate information from previous
studies on matters appropriate to the assessment.
(c) Elements.--The assessment obtained for purposes of subsection
(a) shall include the following:
(1) An assessment of disinformation and propaganda
activities of the Russian Federation, including an assessment
of--
(A) support for disinformation and propaganda
activities with respect to the United States and
foreign countries;
(B) the overall structure of the Russian
Government's disinformation and influence apparatus,
including its intelligence agencies and propaganda
outlets such as Russia Today; and
(C) propaganda techniques, including forgery, use
of media representatives and proxies, use of front
organizations, and efforts to influence international
organizations.
(2) An assessment of support by the Russian Federation for
separatist activities and other aggressive actions aimed at
undermining the sovereignty of foreign countries, particularly
in Ukraine and the Baltic countries.
(3) An assessment of cyber intrusions by the Russian
Federation to influence the infrastructure and democratic
processes in the United States and other countries.
(4) An assessment of--
(A) the use of energy exports by the Russian
Federation for purposes of political or economic
coercion; and
(B) significant investment in energy
infrastructure, including pipelines, by the Government
of Russia or Russian-controlled entities.
(5) An assessment of the deterioration of democratic
conditions in the Russian Federation, including--
(A) suppression of freedom of the press;
(B) detention, beating, and murder of political
activists and opposition leaders;
(C) suppression of minority rights;
(D) suppression of human rights; and
(E) efforts to undermine the Russian
nongovernmental organizations and Russian civil
society.
(d) Form.--The report required under subsection (a) shall be
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.

SEC. 4. COUNTERING RUSSIAN INFLUENCE FUND.

(a) Establishment.--The President is authorized to establish in the
Department of the Treasury a fund to be known as the Countering Russian
Influence Fund (in this section referred to as the ''Fund'').
(b) Amounts in Fund.--The Fund shall consist of the following:
(1) Amounts appropriated to carry out section 7070(d) of
division C of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2017 (Public
Law 115-31).
(2) Amounts otherwise available to the Secretary of State
to carry out this section.
(c) Purposes of Fund.--Amounts in the Fund for any fiscal year are
authorized to be made available to the Secretary of State for bilateral
assistance for countries in Europe, Eurasia, and Central Asia, to
counter the following activities in such countries carried out by the
Russian Federation:
(1) Support for disinformation and propaganda.
(2) Interference in foreign elections.
(3) Efforts to undermine financial transparency and
governance.
(d) Civil Society and Other Organizations.--Amounts in the Fund for
any fiscal year may be made available to carry out the purposes of the
Fund under subsection (c) through civil society and other organizations
that seek to mitigate the expansion of Russian influence and
aggression, including through public awareness campaigns and exchange
activities.
(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--
(1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
the President not less than $100,000,000 to carry out this
section.
(2) Relation to certain other amounts.--Such funds are in
addition to any other amounts made available for bilateral
assistance for countries in Europe, Eurasia, and Central Asia.
(3) Rule of construction.--This section shall be considered
to be an authorization of appropriations for purposes of
section 7070(d) of division C of the Consolidated
Appropriations Act, 2017 (Public Law 115-31).
(f) Report.--The Secretary of State shall submit to Congress a
report for each fiscal year for which activities are undertaken
pursuant to this section.

Ex Output:
Reporting on Influence and Subversion by the Kremlin Act or the RISK Act This bill directs the Department of State to submit to Congress an assessment of subversive activities by the Russian Federation. The assessment shall be conducted by a federally funded research and development center or another appropriate independent entity with expertise in diplomatic and military developments in Europe and the Russian Federation. Such entity may use and incorporate information from previous studies and shall include assessments of: disinformation and propaganda activities of the Russian Federation; support by the Russian Federation for separatist activities and other aggressive actions aimed at undermining the sovereignty of foreign countries, particularly in Ukraine and the Baltic countries; cyber intrusions by the Russian Federation to influence the infrastructure and democratic processes in the United States and other countries; the use of energy exports by the Russian Federation for purposes of political or economic coercion and significant investment in energy infrastructure by the Russian government or Russian-controlled entities; and the deterioration of democratic conditions in the Russian Federation. The President is authorized to establish in the Department of the Treasury the Countering Russian Influence Fund to be used by the State Department for bilateral assistance to counter activities carried out in countries in Europe, Eurasia, and Central Asia by the Russian Federation to support disinformation and propaganda, interfere in foreign elections, and undermine financial transparency and governance. Amounts in the fund may be made available to carry out its purposes through civil society and other organizations that seek to mitigate the expansion of Russian influence and aggression, including through public awareness campaigns and exchange activities.

Ex Input:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

(a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ''Keeping Promises
to Taxpayers Act of 2012''.
(b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Repeal of employer health insurance mandate.
Sec. 3. Repeal of excise tax on high cost employer-sponsored health
coverage.
Sec. 4. Repeal of over-the-counter drug limitation.
Sec. 5. Repeal of increase in medical expense threshold.
Sec. 6. Repeal of limitation on health flexible spending arrangements
under cafeteria plans.
Sec. 7. Repeal of annual fee on health insurance providers.
Sec. 8. Repeal of annual fee on branded prescription pharmaceutical
manufacturers and importers.
Sec. 9. Repeal of excise tax on medical device manufacturers.
Sec. 10. Repeal of tax on indoor tanning services.
Sec. 11. Repeal of PCORTF and fees imposed on insured and self-insured
health plans.
Sec. 12. Repeal of increase in additional tax on non-qualified
distributions from HSAs and Archer MSAs.
Sec. 13. Repeal of tobacco product excise tax increase.

SEC. 2. REPEAL OF EMPLOYER HEALTH INSURANCE MANDATE.

(a) In General.--Chapter 43 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is
amended by striking section 4980H.
(b) Repeal of Related Reporting Requirements.--Subpart D of part
III of subchapter A of chapter 61 of such Code is amended by striking
section 6056.
(c) Conforming Amendments.--
(1) Subparagraph (B) of section 6724(d)(1) of such Code is
amended by striking clause (xxv), by inserting ''or'' at the
end of clause (xxiii), by striking ''or'' and inserting ''and''
at the end of clause (xxiv).
(2) Paragraph (2) of section 6724(d) of such Code is
amended by striking subparagraph (HH), by inserting ''or'' at
the end of subparagraph (FF), and by striking ''or'' at the end
of subparagraph (GG) and inserting a period.
(3) The table of sections for chapter 43 of such Code is
amended by striking the item relating to section 4980H.
(4) The table of sections for subpart D of part III of
subchapter A of chapter 61 of such Code is amended by striking
the item relating to section 6056.
(5) Section 1513 of the Patient Protection and Affordable
Care Act is amended by striking subsection (c).
(d) Effective Dates.--
(1) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in this
subsection, the amendments made by this section shall apply to
months and other periods beginning after December 31, 2013.
(2) Repeal of study and report.--The amendment made by
subsection (c)(5) shall take effect on the date of the
enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3. REPEAL OF EXCISE TAX ON HIGH COST EMPLOYER-SPONSORED HEALTH
COVERAGE.

(a) In General.--Chapter 43 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is
amended by striking section 4980I.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 43 of
such Code is amended by striking the item relating to section 4980I.

SEC. 4. REPEAL OF OVER-THE-COUNTER DRUG LIMITATION.

(a) HSAs.--Subparagraph (A) of section 223(d)(2) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking the last sentence.
(b) Archer MSAs.--Subparagraph (A) of section 220(d)(2) of such
Code is amended by striking the last sentence.
(c) Health Flexible Spending Arrangements and Health Reimbursement
Arrangements.--Section 105 of such Code is amended by striking
subsection (f).
(d) Effective Dates.--
(1) Distributions.--The amendments made by subsections (a)
and (b) shall apply to amounts paid with respect to taxable
years beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.
(2) Reimbursements.--The amendment made by subsection (c)
shall apply to expenses incurred with respect to taxable years
beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 5. REPEAL OF INCREASE IN MEDICAL EXPENSE THRESHOLD.

Section 9013 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, and
the amendments made thereby, are hereby repealed; and the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986 shall be applied and administered as if such
section and amendments had never been enacted.

SEC. 6. REPEAL OF LIMITATION ON HEALTH FLEXIBLE SPENDING ARRANGEMENTS
UNDER CAFETERIA PLANS.

Section 125 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by
striking subsection (i) and by redesignating subsections (j) and (k) as
subsections (i) and (j), respectively.

SEC. 7. REPEAL OF ANNUAL FEE ON HEALTH INSURANCE PROVIDERS.

Section 9010 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is
hereby repealed.

SEC. 8. REPEAL OF ANNUAL FEE ON BRANDED PRESCRIPTION PHARMACEUTICAL
MANUFACTURERS AND IMPORTERS.

Effective for calendar years beginning after 2011, section 9008 of
the Patient Protection and Affordable Care is repealed.

SEC. 9. REPEAL OF EXCISE TAX ON MEDICAL DEVICE MANUFACTURERS.

(a) In General.--Subchapter E of chapter 32 of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986 is hereby repealed.
(b) Conforming Amendments.--
(1) Subsection (a) of section 4221 of such Code is amended
by striking the last sentence.
(2) Paragraph (2) of section 6416(b) of such Code is
amended by striking the last sentence.
(3) The table of subchapters for chapter 32 of such Code is
amended by striking the item relating to subchapter E.

SEC. 10. REPEAL OF TAX ON INDOOR TANNING SERVICES.

(a) In General.--Chapter 49 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is
hereby repealed.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of chapters for subtitle D of
such Code is amended by striking the item relating to chapter 49.
(c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
apply to services performed after the date of the enactment of this
Act.

SEC. 11. REPEAL OF PCORTF AND FEES IMPOSED ON INSURED AND SELF-INSURED
HEALTH PLANS.

(a) Trust Fund.--Section 9511 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986
is hereby repealed.
(b) Insured and Self-Insured Health Plans Fee.--Subchapter B of
chapter 34 of such Code is hereby repealed.
(c) Clerical Amendments.--
(1) The table of sections for subchapter A of chapter 98 of
such Code is amended by striking the item relating to section
9511.
(2) The table of subchapters for chapter 34 of such Code is
amended by striking the item relating to subchapter B.

SEC. 12. REPEAL OF INCREASE IN ADDITIONAL TAX ON NON-QUALIFIED
DISTRIBUTIONS FROM HSAS AND ARCHER MSAS.

(a) HSAs.--Subparagraph (A) of section 223(f)(4) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by striking ''20 percent'' and
inserting ''10 percent''.
(b) Archer MSAs.--Subparagraph (A) of section 220(f)(4) of such
Code is amended by striking ''20 percent'' and inserting ''10
percent''.
(c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
apply to distributions made after the date of the enactment of this
Act.

SEC. 13. REPEAL OF TOBACCO PRODUCT EXCISE TAX INCREASE.

(a) In General.--Each provision of the Internal Revenue Code of
1986 amended by section 701 of the Children's Health Insurance Program
Reauthorization Act of 2009 is amended as such provision would read if
such section had never been enacted.
(b) Floor Stocks Refund.--
(1) In general.--On tobacco products and cigarette papers
and tubes manufactured in or imported into the United States
which are removed on or before the date of the enactment of
this Act, and held on such date for sale by any person, there
shall be credited or refunded (without interest) to the person
who paid such tax (hereafter in this subsection referred to as
the ''taxpayer'') an amount equal to the excess of the tax paid
by the taxpayer on the article over the amount of such tax
which would be imposed on such article had the article been
removed on the day after the date of the enactment of this Act.
(2) Time for filing claims.--No credit or refund shall be
allowed or made under this subsection unless claim therefor is
filed with the Secretary of the Treasury before the date which
is 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act.
(3) Definitions.--Any term used in this subsection which is
also used in section 5702 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986
shall have the same meaning as such term has in such section.
(4) Controlled groups.--Rules similar to the rules of
section 5061(e)(3) of such Code shall apply for purposes of
this subsection.
(c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
apply to articles removed (as defined in section 5702(j) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986) after the date of the enactment of this
Act.

Ex Output:
Keeping Promises to Taxpayers Act of 2012 - Amends the Internal Revenue Code and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act to repeal certain health care-related taxes and other provisions, including: (1) the requirement that certain employers provide their employees with health insurance coverage and report on such coverage, (2) the excise tax on excess benefits from employer-sponsored health care coverage, (3) the requirement that distributions from a health savings account be used to pay for prescription drugs and insulin only (thus allowing for payment of over-the-counter medications), (4) the increase (from 7.5% to 10%) in the income threshold for the medical expense tax deduction, (5) the $2,500 limitation on contributions to health flexible spending arrangements, (6) the annual fees required for businesses providing health insurance and manufacturers or importers of branded prescription drugs, (7) the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Trust Fund, (8) the fee imposed on insured and self-insured health plans, (9) the excise taxes on medical device manufacturers and importers and on indoor tanning services, (10) the increase (from 10% to 20%) in the penalty for distributions from health savings accounts and Archer medical savings accounts not used for qualified medical expenses, and (11) the increase in the tobacco production excise tax.