Q: Egypt (i/idpt/; Arabic: Misr, Egyptian Arabic: Masr, Coptic: Khemi), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia, via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is the world's only contiguous Eurafrasian nation. Most of Egypt's territory of 1,010,408 square kilometres (390,000 sq mi) lies within the Nile Valley. Egypt is a Mediterranean country. It is bordered by the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Gulf of Aqaba to the east, the Red Sea to the east and south, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west.

Egypt has one of the longest histories of any modern country, arising in the tenth millennium BC as one of the world's first nation states. Considered a cradle of civilisation, Ancient Egypt experienced some of the earliest developments of writing, agriculture, urbanisation, organised religion and central government. Iconic monuments such as the Giza Necropolis and its Great Sphinx, as well the ruins of Memphis, Thebes, Karnak, and the Valley of the Kings, reflect this legacy and remain a significant focus of archaeological study and popular interest worldwide. Egypt's rich cultural heritage is an integral part of its national identity, having endured, and at times assimilated, various foreign influences, including Greek, Persian, Roman, Arab, Ottoman, and European. Although Christianised in the first century of the Common Era, it was subsequently Islamised due to the Islamic conquests of the seventh century.

Answer the following questions:
1. What part of the African continent is Egypt in?
2. Is it part of Asia?
3. What distinguishes it from other nations of the world?
4. Does it have a long history?
5. What kind of foreign influences has it encountered?
6. What river valley is it part of?
7. How large is the country?
8. What country borders it to the northeast?
9. the south?
10. the west?
11. What is its official name?
12. How is it connected to Asia?
13. called what?
14. Is it a Mediterranean country?
15. When did civilization begin there?
16. What are some of the monuments in Egypt?
17. and?
18. and?
19. Does it have a rich cultural identity?
20. Was it ever a christian nation?
21. What is its primary religion now?
A: 1. the northeast
2. yes
3. It is the world's only contiguous Eurafrasian nation
4. yes
5. Greek, Persian, Roman, Arab, Ottoman, and European.
6. the Nile Valley
7. 1,010,408 square kilometres
8. the Gaza Strip and Israel
9. Sudan
10. Libya
11. Arab Republic of Egypt
12. a land bridge
13. the Sinai Peninsula
14. yes
15. the tenth millennium BC
16. the Giza Necropolis
17. the Great Sphinx
18. The ruins of Memphis, Thebes and Karnak
19. yes
20. yes
21. Islam
Q: CHAPTER VII.

WANDERING EYES.

"I ASSURE you he said he had never seen a place with more pretty young ladies in it."

"Who?" said Jessie, coming suddenly into the light closet of the work-room, where Florence Cray was taking off her hat, and Amy Lee seemed to be helping her.

"Why, Mr. Wingfield, Mr. Holdaway's head groom, who has come over with another man and a boy, and three of the loveliest horses you ever did see."

"Oh, yes, I heard," said Jessie; "and how he stared about at Church! He ought to be ashamed of himself."

"Oh! that's what Grace says, of course," said Florence; "and she's a regular old maid. She needn't fear that he'll stare at her."

Wherewith both Florence and Amy giggled, and before Jessie's hot answer was out of her mouth, one of the aunts called out--

"Girls, girls, what are you doing? No gossiping there."

Florence came out looking cross, and observing in a marked manner that Miss Fuller, at Ellerby, always spoke of her young ladies.

"I like using right names," said Aunt Rose in her decided voice.

Florence was silenced for the time, but at the dinner hour she contrived to get Amy alone. Jessie was in haste to get home to see if there were an answer from Miss Needwood, and also to try to get enough sewing done to pacify Grace, and purchase a little leisure for her mother. And Florence, instead of going home, stood with Amy, who had sauntered into the garden to refresh herself and gather some parsley.

Answer the following questions:
1. What chapter is this?
2. who was taking off their hat?
3. who was helping her
4. who is the head groom?
5. who was he the head groom for?
6. how many horses did they bring?
7. who did he stare at?
8. who giggled?
9. Did Florence look happy?
10. what did she look like
11. who did she observe talking to her young ladies?
12. where?
13. Did Florence often get silenced?
14. who did she try to get along
15. who was jessie eager to get a reply from?
A: 1. VII.
2. lFlorence Cray
3. Amy Lee
4. Mr. Wingfield
5. Mr. Holdaway's
6. Three
7. Mr. Wingfield,
8. Florence and Amy
9. no
10. cross
11. Miss Fuller
12. Ellerby,
13. for the time,
14. Amy
15. Miss Needwood,
Q: Limit the use of private cars, improve public transport and encourage the use of bicycles to control traffic congestion during the 2008 Olympics, experts from foreign countries advised Beijing on Friday. Professor Nigel Wilson, of the civil and environmental engineering department of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said he was "supportive to the limiting of private cars during the Olympic Games", saying that in foreign countries, the method is also adopted during big events, but he was unsure about the approach. The government planned to keep an average of more than one million cars off the roads to improve traffic flow during the Olympics, said Liu Xiaoming, deputy director of the Beijing Traffic Committee, at the China Planning Network First Urban Transportation Congress. Sharing Wilson's view, Dr. Yoshitsugu Hayashi, dean of the Graduate School of Environmental Studies of Nagoya University, believed the reduction in car use should be achieved not by banning, but through _ . "Drivers who don't use their private cars could be given points," he said, "and the points could be exchanged for goods from online shopping." Wetzel stressed limiting the use of company cars. "Governmental officials should also be encouraged to use public transportation or ride bicycles," he said, adding that he himself is a bicycle-rider in London. Matthew Martimo, director of Traffic Engineering with Citilabs, said the bicycle was China's advantage. "Limiting private cars is an idea worth trying but it is just a temporary solution," he said. "The real cause of congestion is high density of people in Beijing and many have cars." Beijing, with a population of 15 million, is home to more than three million automobiles, and the number is rising by 1,000 a day. Professor Wilson said the Olympic Games was a great opportunity for Beijing to think about traffic problems and develop transportation, adding that the city had already been making public transport more efficient. Beijing has promised to stretch its 114-kilometer city railway to 200 kilometers before the opening of the Olympic Games. "We are looking forward to borrowing Beijing's experiences and drawing from its lessons in preparation for the 2012 Olympics," said Wetzel.

Answer the following questions:
1. how many cars did they want to keep off the road during the Olympics?
2. How were they going to achieve that?
3. what were they encouraging people to use?
4. which olympics were these?
5. who advised Beijing?
6. where was he from?
7. which department?
8. where else is that method used?
9. during what time?
10. Did they think cars should be banned?
11. what did they propose instead?
12. what can they use points for?
13. what is the real cause of traffic problems?
14. Do most of them have cars?
15. how many people live there?
16. how many of them have vehicles?
17. what were they going to do with the railway?
18. what was it before expansion?
19. what would they expand it to?
20. when?
A:
1. one million
2. Drivers who don't use their private cars could be given points
3. public transportation or ride bicycles
4. the 2008 Olympics
5. Professor Nigel Wilson
6. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
7. environmental engineering
8. foreign countries
9. big events
10. no
11. drivers who comply given points
12. goods from online shopping
13. high density of people in Beijing
14. yes
15. 15 million
16. three million
17. expand it
18. 114-kilometer
19. 200 kilometers
20. before the opening of the Olympic Games