Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

[Q]: Centrosome orientation toward the leading edge of migrating cells depends on dynein and microtubules (MTs), as well as a number of signaling factors at the leading edge. However, centrosomes are maintained at the cell center during orientation in fibroblasts, suggesting that factors working at sites other than the leading edge may also be involved.', 'In a search for factors that function with dynein in centrosome orientation, we found that the polarity protein Par3 associated with dynein and that knockdown of Par3 inhibited centrosome orientation by disrupting the position of the centrosome at the cell center; this disrupted centrosome positioning is the same phenotype as that observed with dynein inhibition. Par3 associated with dynein through its N-terminal dimerization and PDZ1 domains and interacted specifically with dynein light intermediate chain 2 (LIC2). siRNA knockdown of LIC2, but not LIC1, or overexpression of LIC2 or the N-terminal domain of Par3, also inhibited centrosome orientation by disrupting centrosome position. In wound-edge fibroblasts, Par3 specifically localized to cell-cell contacts where it overlapped with MT ends and dynein puncta in a LIC2-dependent fashion. Live imaging showed that MTs exhibited increased pausing at cell-cell contacts compared to the leading edge and that this elevated pausing was dependent on Par3 and LIC2.
[A]: 0

[Q]: Intracellular pathogens have developed elaborate strategies for silent infection of preferred host cells. Chlamydia pneumoniae is a common pathogen in acute infections of the respiratory tract (e.g. pneumonia) and associated with chronic lung sequelae in adults and children. Within the lung, alveolar macrophages and polymorph nuclear neutrophils (PMN) are the first line of defense against bacteria, but also preferred host phagocytes of chlamydiae.', 'We could show that C. pneumoniae easily infect and hide inside neutrophil granulocytes until these cells become apoptotic and are subsequently taken up by macrophages. C. pneumoniae infection of macrophages via apoptotic PMN results in enhanced replicative activity of chlamydiae when compared to direct infection of macrophages, which results in persistence of the pathogen. Inhibition of the apoptotic recognition of C. pneumoniae infected PMN using PS- masking Annexin A5 significantly lowered the transmission of chlamydial infection to macrophages. Transfer of apoptotic C. pneumoniae infected PMN to macrophages resulted in an increased TGF-ss production, whereas direct infection of macrophages with chlamydiae was characterized by an enhanced TNF-alpha response.
[A]: 0

[Q]: The objective was to evaluate the prevalence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) in patients with heart failure (HF) due to systolic dysfunction.', 'We included 79 patients (age 68 years, LVEF 30%) with HF and sinus-rhythm (SR) referred to a HF outpatient clinic. A 48 hours Holter ECG and a follow-up ECG were performed. RESULTS. One patient had one episode of PAF. Thirty-two (41%) patients had episodes of irregular atrial runs (AR). The numbers of QRS complexes during AR were 7.2+/-2.9 (mean+/-SD). Patients with AR were older than patients with SR, p =0.02 and more often of female sex, p =0.04. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age and female sex were independently correlated with AR with adjusted OR of 1.1 (per year, 95% CI 1.02-1.14, p =0.01) and 4.0 (1.05-15.07, p =0.04), respectively. The presence of AR did not predict development of new-onset AF.
[A]:
1