Question: Scotland (; Scots: ; ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain. It shares a border with England to the south, and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the south-west. In addition to the mainland, the country is made up of more than 790 islands, including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.

The Kingdom of Scotland emerged as an independent sovereign state in the Early Middle Ages and continued to exist until 1707. By inheritance in 1603, James VI, King of Scots, became King of England and King of Ireland, thus forming a personal union of the three kingdoms. Scotland subsequently entered into a political union with the Kingdom of England on 1 May 1707 to create the new Kingdom of Great Britain. The union also created a new Parliament of Great Britain, which succeeded both the Parliament of Scotland and the Parliament of England. In 1801, Great Britain itself entered into a political union with the Kingdom of Ireland to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

Within Scotland, the monarchy of the United Kingdom has continued to use a variety of styles, titles and other royal symbols of statehood specific to the pre-union Kingdom of Scotland. The legal system within Scotland has also remained separate from those of England and Wales and Northern Ireland; Scotland constitutes a distinct jurisdiction in both public and private law. The continued existence of legal, educational, religious and other institutions distinct from those in the remainder of the UK have all contributed to the continuation of Scottish culture and national identity since the 1707 union with England. 1. when did scotland become an independent state?
2. what is it part of?
3. where was James VI the king?
4. how did he become king?
5. when?
6. who joined to create great britian?
7. what percentage of the island is Scotland?
8. what contributes to the national identity of Scotland?
9. when was the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland formed?
10. what is scotland surrounded by? Provide a numbered list of answers.
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A numbered of answers: 1. in the Early Middle Ages
2. the Kingdom of Great Britain
3. Scotland, England, and Ireland
4. By inheritance.
5. in 1603
6. Scotland and the Kingdom of England
7. one third
8. The continued existence of distinctly Scottish legal, educational, religious and other institutions
9. In 1801
10. the Atlantic Ocean

Question: Chemical engineering is a branch of engineering that applies physical sciences (physics and chemistry), life sciences (microbiology and biochemistry), together with applied mathematics and economics to produce, transform, transport, and properly use chemicals, materials and energy. A chemical engineer designs large-scale processes that convert chemicals, raw materials, living cells, microorganisms and energy into useful forms and products.

Chemical engineers are involved in many aspects of plant design and operation, including safety and hazard assessments, process design and analysis, control engineering, chemical reaction engineering, construction specification and operating instructions. A 1996 "British Journal for the History of Science" article cites James F. Donnelly for mentioning an 1839 reference to chemical engineering in relation to the production of sulfuric acid. In the same paper however, George E. Davis, an English consultant, was credited for having coined the term. Davis also tried to found a "Society of Chemical Engineering", but instead it was named the Society of Chemical Industry (1881), with Davis as its first Secretary. The "History of Science in United States: An Encyclopedia" puts the use of the term around 1890. "Chemical engineering", describing the use of mechanical equipment in the chemical industry, became common vocabulary in England after 1850. By 1910, the profession, "chemical engineer," was already in common use in Britain and the United States. 1. Who are involved in plant design?
2. Who was credited with coining the term chemical engineer?
3. Did he try to found a "Society of Chemical Engineering"?
4. Was that the name that was actually used?
5. In what year was it created?
6. Who served as the first Secretary?
7. When did the History of Science in United States encyclopedia put the term in general use?
8. When did the term become common in England?
9. What is chemical engineering?
10. What do chemical engineers design? Provide a numbered list of answers.
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A numbered of answers: 1. Chemical engineers
2. George E. Davis
3. yes
4. Society of Chemical Industry
5. 1881
6. Davis
7. 1890
8. 1910
9. Chemical engineering combines physical sciences, life sciences with Mand and economics to produce transform, tansport and properly use cheimicals, materials and energy
10. large scale processes

Question: In logic, a logical connective (also called a logical operator, sentential connective, or sentential operator) is a symbol or word used to connect two or more sentences (of either a formal or a natural language) in a grammatically valid way, such that the value of the compound sentence produced depends only on that of the original sentences and on the meaning of the connective.

The most common logical connectives are binary connectives (also called dyadic connectives) which join two sentences which can be thought of as the function's operands. Also commonly, negation is considered to be a unary connective.

Logical connectives along with quantifiers are the two main types of logical constants used in formal systems such as propositional logic and predicate logic. Semantics of a logical connective is often, but not always, presented as a truth function.

A logical connective is similar to but not equivalent to a conditional operator.

In the grammar of natural languages two sentences may be joined by a grammatical conjunction to form a "grammatically" compound sentence. Some but not all such grammatical conjunctions are truth functions. For example, consider the following sentences:

The words "and" and "so" are "grammatical" conjunctions joining the sentences (A) and (B) to form the compound sentences (C) and (D). The "and" in (C) is a "logical" connective, since the truth of (C) is completely determined by (A) and (B): it would make no sense to affirm (A) and (B) but deny (C). However, "so" in (D) is not a logical connective, since it would be quite reasonable to affirm (A) and (B) but deny (D): perhaps, after all, Jill went up the hill to fetch a pail of water, not because Jack had gone up the hill at all. 1. What is a logical connective?
2. What is it also known as?
3. What are the most common connectives?
4. Is a logic connective the same as a conditional operator?
5. What is negation?
6. What can be used in natural language to join two sentences?
7. Are grammatical conjunctions truth functions?
8. What are examples of gramatical conjunctions?
9. Who went up the hill?
10. What was she after?
11. Did jack go up the hill? Provide a numbered list of answers.
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A numbered of answers:
1. a symbol or word used to connect two or more sentences
2. a logical operator
3. binary connectives
4. its similar to but not equivalent
5. a unary connective.
6. a grammatical conjunction
7. Some
8. The words "and" and "so" are "grammatical" conjunctions joining the sentences (A) and (B) to form the compound sentences (C) and (D).
9. Jill
10. a pail of water
11. yes