This pen is going to act as your stem, so look for a pen that doesn't have a clicker on the top or on the side. You want the stem to be smooth and clean. Think about what color you'd like your flower to be when selecting the duct tape. Red, white, and pink are good colors, especially if you want the flower to look like a rose. You will also need a pair of scissors, or a small cutting knife, and a cutting board or a surface where you can cut the duct tape. Have one to two rolls of duct tape in different colors if you'd like to make a multicolored tape flower pen. Get a small roll of green duct tape for the "stem" and the "leaves" of the flower pen.
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One-sentence summary -- Pick a pen. Get your duct tape and other supplies.

Q: The rules and information provided in this article will not teach you everything you need to know about English grammar. This article is intended to serve as a starting point in your studies. The actual subject of English grammar is much more complex, and you will need to devote a lot of time and effort if you really want to learn it. If you are learning English as a second language, compare the rules of English grammar to the grammar rules of your native language. Some aspects will be similar while others will differ. When the rules are the same, rely on the knowledge you have of your native grammar to help you with English grammar. When the rules differ, devote more time and concentration on practicing those aspects of English grammar as you study. People who do a lot of reading tend to be more proficient with English grammar in their own writing and speech. This does not refer to grammar books. Grammar books are helpful, of course, but the principle of this step is a different one. Read books, magazines, or other materials written in English that you enjoy. The more often you read, the more familiar you will naturally become with the way that grammar is used in word, sentence, and paragraph levels. Learning the rules of English grammar is an important step, but you will be able to put those rules into practice better if you are actually used to seeing proper grammar. If you are currently in school, look for a special elective class that focuses on grammar or a tutoring opportunity provided through your school. If you are no longer in school, consider taking a grammar class at a community college, community center, or library. You could also look for a class online. For non-native English speakers, look for classes specifically designed for students who are learning English as a secondary language. These classes are usually labeled as ESL (English as a Second Language), ENL (English as a New Language), or ESOL (English for Speakers of Other Languages) classes. If formal classes do not help, find a mentor who can review grammar rules with you one-on-one. This mentor could be a teacher, professor, or professional tutor. On the other hand, it could also be a parent, sibling, friend, or other relative who has a strong grasp of the English language and is willing to help out. Go to a bookstore and purchase an English grammar workbook, or hop online and access some free grammar resources through the Internet. As a general rule, look for Internet sources that come from educational (.edu) websites. Examples include: The Guide to Grammar and Writing by Capital Community College Foundation (http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/) Purdue University's Online Writing Lab (https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/section/1/5/) Above all else, practice makes perfect. The more you can practice English grammar, the better you'll get with it.
A: Understand that this is just the beginning. Compare grammar rules. Do a lot of reading. Take a class. Find a mentor. Look for additional information on your own. Practice.

Article: If you are piping the circumference of an item, such as a sleeve cuff, then you will need to join both ends. Use a steam ripper to open up the stitching on the first 2 inches (5.1cm) of your pre-made piping. Cut the cording inside the piping by 2 inches (5.1cm). Fold the end of the fabric in by 1 inch (2.5cm), and press it flat with an iron. Leave the other end of the piping intact. Skip this step if you are using homemade piping, or if you just need to pipe a single, straight edge. If you have not already done so, cut out the pieces for your project. Spread the first piece down with the right side facing up. Pin the piping around the edges that you want to pipe. Make sure that the raw edge of the piping is aligned with the raw edge of the fabric. If you are piping the perimeter of an item, then leave 1 inch (2.5cm) at each end of the piping unpinned. You should do this only if you are piping the perimeter of your project. Slip the raw end of the piping into the folded end, then secure it with sewing pins. If you need to, trim the raw end down until it fits inside the folded end. Skip this step if you are piping just a single, straight line and don't need to join both ends. You will need 3 V-shaped slits for corners, and at least 3 for curves. Curves are all different, so you may need to cut more in order to get the fabric to lay flat. Cut the slits as close to the stitching as possible, without actually cutting through it. Use a straight stitch and the longest stitch length on your sewing machine. Make sure that the thread color matches the piping; you will use it as a guide in a later step. Try to sew across the original stitching on the piping as much as possible. If you are sewing piping that is joined together, begin and finish sewing at the folded seam. Place the second piece of your fabric on top of your project, right-side-down, and secure it with pins. Turn your project so that the back is facing you and you can see the basting stitches. Sew just inside these stitches. This will help tighten the piping up. Trim the seams so that they are between 14 to 12 inch (0.64 to 1.27cm). If you need to, cut more slits into any corners or curves that won't lay flat. When you are done, turn your project right-side-out. Press the seams to either side of the piping for a nicer finish. You can go over the raw edges of the inside seams with a zigzag stitch to prevent fraying.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Open up the stitching on pre-made piping, if needed. Pin the piping the the right side of your fabric. Tuck the raw end of the piping into the folded end. Cut V-shaped slits into the corners and curved edges. Baste the piping to the fabric. Pin and sew the second piece of fabric on top. Trim the seams, then turn the project right-side-out.

Article: When water evaporates, it leaves the salt behind in your tank and it will increase your salinity. Use fresh distilled water that has been heated to the temperature of your aquarium to replace any lost water. Mark the tank at the top where the water level should be so you know how much water to add back in. Water needs to be changed and replaced every 2 weeks to remove filth and chemicals. Use a water siphon to remove 20% of the water from your tank and replace it with the same amount of heated saltwater. Alternatively, clean the tank weekly by removing 10% of the water once per week. When you're mixing saltwater for a water change, make sure your solution has the same salinity as your tank. A stronger or weaker solution will raise or lower your tank's salinity respectively. Mix and heat a saltwater solution 1 day before you perform a water change on your tank. Over time, salt deposits will form on the sides of your tank. The salt is removed from your water and will lower your salinity. Add a saltwater solution to your tank to raise the salinity back to the levels you need for your tank.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Top off evaporated water with fresh water if the salinity is too high. Change 20% of the water every 2 weeks. Match the salinity of new saltwater with your aquarium. Compensate for salt creep by adding saltwater solution to the tank.