Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Example Input: The proteasome is a major cellular proteinase. Its activity is modulated by cellular oxidants. Hepatitis C core protein and ethanol exposure both cause enhanced oxidant generation. The aim was to investigate whether core protein, by its ability to generate oxidants, alters proteasome activity and whether these alterations are further affected by ethanol exposure.', 'These interactions were examined in Huh-7 cell lines that expressed inducible HCV core protein and/or constitutive cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and as purified components in a cell-free system. Chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity was measured fluorometrically.', 'Proteasome activity in core-positive 191-20 cells was 20% higher than that in core-negative cells and was enhanced 3-fold in CYP2E1-expressing L14 cells. Exposure of core-positive cells to glutathione ethyl ester, catalase, or the CYP2E1 inhibitor diallyl sulfide partially reversed the elevation of proteasome activity in core-positive cells, whereas ethanol exposure suppressed proteasome activity. The results indicate that proteasome activity was up-regulated by low levels of core-induced oxidative stress but down-regulated by high levels of ethanol-elicited stress. These findings were partially mimicked in a cell-free system. Addition of core protein enhanced the peptidase activity of purified 20S proteasome containing the proteasome activator PA28 and was further potentiated by addition of liver mitochondrial and/or microsome fractions. However, proteasome activation was significantly attenuated when fractions were obtained from ethanol-fed animals.
Example Output: Is proteasome activation by hepatitis C core protein reversed by ethanol-induced oxidative stress?

Example Input: The stress electrocardiogram (sECG) is routinely used to screen individuals for underlying cardiac pathology before an exercise programme is prescribed. The underlying assumption is that the cardiac responses elicited during the sECG test are similar to those achieved during participation in sporting activities. However, this premise may be incorrect since the physical demands of different modes of exercise vary substantially.', "Ten veteran league squash players (LSP), 10 social squash players (SSP), 10 league runners (LR), 10 social runners (SR) and 10 sedentary individuals (SED) were recruited for the study. All subjects completed a lifestyle questionnaire, a full medical examination and a routine sECG. Thereafter each subject's heart rate (HR) was monitored on two separate occasions while participating in sporting activity.", 'No sECG exercise-induced abnormalities were observed, although five subjects showed resting abnormalities. Maximal HR during the sECG, and maximal and mean HR during the field tests, were not significantly different between groups. However, maximal HR was significantly higher in all groups during their sporting activities than during stress testing in the laboratory (P < 0.01).
Example Output: Do veteran athletes exercise at higher maximum heart rates than are achieved during standard exercise ( stress ) testing?

Example Input: Activating mutations of FLT3 have been identified in multiple myeloid malignancies. Two types of activating mutations have been described: (1) the internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) and (2) point mutations within the activating loop (FLT3-ALM). Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is a rare myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disorder of early childhood. Mutations and other genetic abnormalities of RAS, NF1, and PTPN11 have been implicated as causative events in JMML, but approximately 25% of JMML patients harbor none of these abnormalities. We investigated whether FLT3 mutations might also contribute to JMML pathogenesis, and if present, whether FLT3 status would correlate with disease natural history and prognosis.', 'Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood and bone marrow samples of 60 patients meeting international JMML diagnostic criteria. Samples were analyzed for FLT3-ITD and FLT3-ALM using polymerase chain reaction and restriction endonuclease digestion.', 'FLT3-ALM was found in 1/60 (1.7%) patients analyzed. Direct sequencing confirmed a C836G mutation. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of the JMML patient with the FLT3-ALM did not differ from the remainder of the cohort. No FLT3-ITD mutations were detected.
Example Output:
Are activating FLT3 mutations rare in children with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia?