Question:
The military prepared to go to battle with an Amish colony because they felt threatened.

Who is they referring to in this sentence?
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Answer:
The military

Question:
AOL finally had their CEO step down to respect the wishes of the stakeholders since they have votes to decide the direction of the company.

Who is they referring to in this sentence?
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Answer:
the stakeholders

Question:
Western Digital may disappoint their shareholders this season, but they will probably tough out the momentary losses and remain shareholders.

Who is they referring to in this sentence?
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Answer:
their shareholders

Question:
Jack is an optimist, and Adam is a pessimist, then he looks at the cup half empty.

Who is he referring to in this sentence?
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Answer:
Adam