Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

The existence of this property can be predicted using the Stoner criterion, and a material with this property changes under torsion according to the Matteucci effect. One model of this phenomenon was solved in two dimensions by Lars Onsanger and was generalized by Potts. One process in materials with this property occurs in many small discontinuous steps, and results in Barkhausen noise. This property occurs below the Curie point, and materials displaying it have a high positive susceptibility, and often retain their magnetization in the absence of an external magnetic field, which is known as hysteresis. FTP name this type of magnetism possessed by cobalt and nickel, as well as iron, its namesake.
Science