Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Make or purchase a saline spray. Take an antihistamine. Try a nasal steroid spray if you have allergies. Prop up your body. Use a humidifier.

Answer: A saline (salt) water nasal spray can be used to help you unstuff your nose and help keep your nose clear. Even if it doesn't fix your sinuses completely, it can help loosen the pressure enough to get you to sleep. You will need water, salt, and a small spray bottle. The spray bottle should be a one to two ounce bottle. You can use sea salt or table salt. Boil eight ounces of water and allow it to cool until it is very warm. Add teaspoon of salt to the eight ounces of water. Mix well. Add teaspoon of baking soda. The baking soda will help lessen the sting of a very sore nose. Pour into a spray bottle. Spray one or two squirts into each nostril as needed. Repeat this only four to five times a day. One common cause of stuffy nose is allergies. If these are causing you to have a stuffy nose, especially at bedtime, try taking an antihistamine before bed. It may also have the added bonus of causing you to get sleepy, which will also help you sleep better even if your nose is still stuffy. Many antihistamines cause drowsiness. Look for a non-drowsy antihistamine if you need to take it during the day. Do not drive or operate heavy machinery until you know how the antihistamine affects you. If your stuffy nose is caused by allergies, you may want to to try a nasal steroid spray to reduce inflammation. When you use these sprays you will experience quick relief, but you'll need to use the spray continuously to get the full benefit. Most nasal steroid sprays need a prescription, but there are current two available over-the-counter Flonase and Nasacort. If you have seasonal allergies, start using a nasal steroid spray at the beginning of the season to lessen your symptoms. When spraying the spray into your nostril, you'll want to point it toward the outer-wall of the nostril, not straight up or toward the inner-wall (septum). Side effects may include dryness or stinging, sneezing, and throat irritation. If you experience a headache and nosebleeds, call your doctor right away. While you are sleeping, prop up your entire upper body. This can help drain your sinuses and keep them from getting stuffy. If you can, put some blocks under the head of the bed to raise the whole bed. If you can't find any way to clear your sinuses, this will also help you sleep. Keeping your head up will ease sinus congestion to help you sleep. To cut down on stuffiness due to dry air, keep your bedroom humidified. To do this, use either a humidifier or keep a bowl of water near your head. The water will evaporate during the night and help keep your sinuses damp. Dry sinuses make stuffy noses worse. Keeping the air humid in the area where you sleep will help you sleep better with a stuffy nose.

Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Study the biology of childbirth. Learn about medical interventions and potential complications. Read about childbirth in the chosen setting. Attend a childbirth preparation class with the mother.

Answer: Learn the stages of labor, the importance of proper dilation, the type of physiological responses the mother will have to labor, the possible presentation positions of the baby, and what to expect during and immediately following delivery of the baby. Childbirth books and online resources are the best way to learn about this. Stage 1: Stage 1 consists of early labor and active labor. Early labor can last from hours to days, and for most women, it's not particularly uncomfortable. During active labor, however, contractions become stronger. On average, active labor lasts 4-8 hours or more. Stage 2: Stage 2 is the actual birth of the baby! It can last from a few minutes up to a few hours. Stage 3: Once the baby has been delivered, stage 3 is the delivery of the placenta. It usually lasts between 5 and 30 minutes. If you are going to effectively communicate with medical staff and serve as an intelligent representative and advocate for the mother, it is your job to understand when and why medication or medical intervention may be necessary. Some common labor and birth complications include: Stalled labor: In some instances, labor stops progressing contractions weaken, the infant does not proceed through the birth canal, or the cervix doesn't fully dilate. In these instances, the woman may need medications to induce labor or a cesarean delivery. Perineal tears: Tears in the vaginal and surrounding tissues are common during childbirth. A health care provider can easily repair these tears with stitches. Abnormal heart rate of the baby: If the infant's heart rate is abnormal during birth, the health care provider will typically ask the woman to shift positions to increase blood flow to the baby. Your role will vary considerably depending on where the baby will be delivered. If you will be advocating for the mother in a formal hospital setting, your advocacy will primarily involve interacting with medical staff and supporting the mother's decisions before, during, and after the birth. If you will be in a birthing center or midwifery clinic, your role may involve more advocacy for the mother's comfort or explaining her preferences for medication and intervention should the occasion arise. If you will be a birth advocate at a home or private birth, your role may involve communication with a birth attendant or simply serving as a coach to offer support and encouragement. Research class offerings at local community centers or hospitals online. Attending classes on the Lamaze childbirth method, childbirth advocacy courses, prenatal yoga classes will, to varying degrees, help you learn about breathing techniques, the process of labor and delivery, what to pack for the labor and delivery process, how best to physically and emotionally support the mother and what type of birthing experience the mother wants. If you find a class that the mother is interested in taking, do research on the instructor to make sure that they're qualified. Then, try to sign up for it as early as possible, because classes often fill up quickly.

Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Use crossovers to change direction while skating backward. Stand up straight, knees slightly bent. Bring your left foot up and over your right foot. Bring your right foot behind your left calf. Repeat this crossover motion to move horizontally. Start gliding backward. Perform a crossover to change directions.

Answer:
Crossover steps are a simple way to move around. You simply cross one foot over the other, letting your momentum continue moving you backward. For this explanation, all of the examples will be to move '''right.''' To move left, simply switch the feet in the directions. Crossovers can be done moving forward or backward, but to practice, you should start from a standstill. Set your skate down on the ice with your legs crossed at the knee. You should look a little like a young kid who needs to go to the bathroom. Uncross your legs by bringing your right foot around the back of the left and setting it down on the ice. You should be back to your original standing position. Keep crossing over to move laterally across the ice. Try a few in reverse if you are comfortable, put your left leg behind your right before bringing the right foot over the left. You can push off the wall, make perfect "S" shapes, or speed along with "C" cuts. Gain some momentum and then relax, gliding backward. As you move backward, cross your left leg over your body then quickly uncross your legs with your right foot. When done correctly, you should shift horizontally while maintaining backward momentum. Think of the motion you make if when you start running to your right. Your left leg takes a step to the right and then your right leg quickly follows. Practice Drill: Do two "C" cuts, one with each leg, and then one crossover. Do two more cuts, then a crossover the other direction. '''Practice Drill:''' Skate backward around the edge of the rink, and use crossovers to change direction in the corners. Skate both clockwise and counter-clockwise to practice both directions.