Q: What system gets less effective with age, that generally makes older people more disease susceptible? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: The immune system naturally becomes less effective as people get older. This is why older people are generally more susceptible to disease. Choices: - infectious system - reproductive system - nervous system - immune system A:
immune system

Q: What kind of relationship between glucagon and insulin is vital to managing fuel storage and consumption by body cells? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Choices: - opportunistic - sympathetic - commensalism - antagonistic A:
antagonistic

Q: Q: Recognition of pathogens is a function of what type of response? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Recognition of Pathogens Cells of the innate immune response, the phagocytic cells, and the cytotoxic NK cells recognize patterns of pathogenspecific molecules, such as bacterial cell wall components or bacterial flagellar proteins, using pattern recognition receptors. A pattern recognition receptor (PRR) is a membrane-bound receptor that recognizes characteristic features of a pathogen and molecules released by stressed or damaged cells. These receptors, which are thought to have evolved prior to the adaptive immune response, are present on the cell surface whether they are needed or not. Their variety, however, is limited by two factors. First, the fact that each receptor type must be encoded by a specific gene requires the cell to allocate most or all of its DNA to make receptors able to recognize all pathogens. Secondly, the variety of receptors is limited by the finite surface area of the cell membrane. Thus, the innate immune system must "get by" using only a limited number of receptors that are active against as wide a variety of pathogens as possible. This strategy is in stark contrast to the approach used by the adaptive immune system, which uses large numbers of different receptors, each highly specific to a particular pathogen. Should the cells of the innate immune system come into contact with a species of pathogen they recognize, the cell will bind to the pathogen and initiate phagocytosis (or cellular apoptosis in the case of an intracellular pathogen) in an effort to destroy the offending microbe. Receptors vary somewhat according to cell type, but they usually include receptors for bacterial components and for complement, discussed below. Choices: - digestion - inhalation - hormones - immune A:
A: immune

Question: Q: The ileocecal valve, a sphincter, is usually in a constricted state, but when motility in the ileum increases, this sphincter relaxes, allowing food residue to enter the first portion of what? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: The ileocecal valve, a sphincter, is usually in a constricted state, but when motility in the ileum increases, this sphincter relaxes, allowing food residue to enter the first portion of the large intestine, the cecum. Relaxation of the ileocecal sphincter is controlled by both nerves and hormones. First, digestive activity in the stomach provokes the gastroileal reflex, which increases the force of ileal segmentation. Second, the stomach releases the hormone gastrin, which enhances ileal motility, thus relaxing the ileocecal sphincter. After chyme passes through, backward pressure helps close the sphincter, preventing backflow into the ileum. Because of this reflex, your lunch is completely emptied from your stomach and small intestine by the time you eat your dinner. It takes about 3 to 5 hours for all chyme to leave the small intestine. Choices: - small intestine - colon - liver - large intestine A:
Answer: large intestine

*Question*
Q: What is the turning effectiveness of a force? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Torque is the turning effectiveness of a force. In this case, because F is perpendicular to r , torque is simply we multiply both sides of the equation above by r , we get torque on the left-hand side. That is, rF = mr 2. Choices: - velocity - intake - gravitational pull - torque A:
**Answer**
torque

*Question*
Q: What two forms can fluids take? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Fluid friction occurs in fluids, which are liquids or gases. Choices: - vapor or gas - water or gas - mixture or gas - liquid or gas A:
**Answer**
liquid or gas