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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Reporting on Influence and
Subversion by the Kremlin Act'' or ''RISK Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds the following:
(1) In 1986, an interagency working group issued a report
assessing ''active measures'' by the former Soviet Union
against the United States.
(2) The working group concluded that ''there is a massive
and highly organized effort by the Soviet Union and its proxies
to influence world opinion''.
(3) The working group further observed that ''this effort
includes public diplomacy to enhance the Soviet image abroad
and . . . also includes a persistent, widespread program of
disinformation and deception designed to discredit the U.S.
image abroad and disrupt U.S. policy objectives.''.
(4) Active measures by the Russian Federation have shown no
diminution since the last report issued by the working group in
1987, including--
(A) to influence world opinion;
(B) to undercut democratic processes and
institutions in the United States and partner nations;
(C) to challenge the international liberal order;
and
(D) to establish an unfettered sphere of influence.
(5) The Director of National Intelligence concluded in
light of the Russian Federation's hacking of the 2016
presidential election that ''Russian efforts to influence the
2016 U.S. presidential election represent the most recent
expression of Moscow's longstanding desire to undermine the
U.S.-led liberal democratic order.''.
(6) The Russian Federation is deploying an array of
military, cyber, intelligence, and economic tactics to weaken
United States democratic institutions, divide Europe from the
United States, divide Europe from within, undermine
organizations such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
and the European Union, and coerce partners to cooperate with
Russia.
(7) Militarily, Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered
the forcible and illegal occupation of Crimea in March 2014 and
the invasion of Georgia in 2008.
(8) The Russian military, in which President Putin has
invested heavily, continues to engage in acts of aggression and
intimidation against United States allies across Europe.
(9) The Russian Federation's subversive activities
undermine trust in democratic systems, giving rise to political
instability.

SEC. 3. ASSESSMENT OF SUBVERSIVE ACTIVITIES BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

(a) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to Congress
a report setting forth an assessment, obtained by the Secretary for
purposes of the report, of subversive activities by the Russian
Federation.
(b) Independent Assessment.--
(1) In general.--The assessment obtained for purposes of
subsection (a) shall be conducted by a federally funded
research and development center (FFRDC), or another appropriate
independent entity with expertise in diplomatic and military
developments in Europe and the Russian Federation, selected by
the Secretary for purposes of the assessment.
(2) Use of previous studies.--The entity conducting the
assessment may use and incorporate information from previous
studies on matters appropriate to the assessment.
(c) Elements.--The assessment obtained for purposes of subsection
(a) shall include the following:
(1) An assessment of disinformation and propaganda
activities of the Russian Federation, including an assessment
of--
(A) support for disinformation and propaganda
activities with respect to the United States and
foreign countries;
(B) the overall structure of the Russian
Government's disinformation and influence apparatus,
including its intelligence agencies and propaganda
outlets such as Russia Today; and
(C) propaganda techniques, including forgery, use
of media representatives and proxies, use of front
organizations, and efforts to influence international
organizations.
(2) An assessment of support by the Russian Federation for
separatist activities and other aggressive actions aimed at
undermining the sovereignty of foreign countries, particularly
in Ukraine and the Baltic countries.
(3) An assessment of cyber intrusions by the Russian
Federation to influence the infrastructure and democratic
processes in the United States and other countries.
(4) An assessment of--
(A) the use of energy exports by the Russian
Federation for purposes of political or economic
coercion; and
(B) significant investment in energy
infrastructure, including pipelines, by the Government
of Russia or Russian-controlled entities.
(5) An assessment of the deterioration of democratic
conditions in the Russian Federation, including--
(A) suppression of freedom of the press;
(B) detention, beating, and murder of political
activists and opposition leaders;
(C) suppression of minority rights;
(D) suppression of human rights; and
(E) efforts to undermine the Russian
nongovernmental organizations and Russian civil
society.
(d) Form.--The report required under subsection (a) shall be
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.

SEC. 4. COUNTERING RUSSIAN INFLUENCE FUND.

(a) Establishment.--The President is authorized to establish in the
Department of the Treasury a fund to be known as the Countering Russian
Influence Fund (in this section referred to as the ''Fund'').
(b) Amounts in Fund.--The Fund shall consist of the following:
(1) Amounts appropriated to carry out section 7070(d) of
division C of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2017 (Public
Law 115-31).
(2) Amounts otherwise available to the Secretary of State
to carry out this section.
(c) Purposes of Fund.--Amounts in the Fund for any fiscal year are
authorized to be made available to the Secretary of State for bilateral
assistance for countries in Europe, Eurasia, and Central Asia, to
counter the following activities in such countries carried out by the
Russian Federation:
(1) Support for disinformation and propaganda.
(2) Interference in foreign elections.
(3) Efforts to undermine financial transparency and
governance.
(d) Civil Society and Other Organizations.--Amounts in the Fund for
any fiscal year may be made available to carry out the purposes of the
Fund under subsection (c) through civil society and other organizations
that seek to mitigate the expansion of Russian influence and
aggression, including through public awareness campaigns and exchange
activities.
(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--
(1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
the President not less than $100,000,000 to carry out this
section.
(2) Relation to certain other amounts.--Such funds are in
addition to any other amounts made available for bilateral
assistance for countries in Europe, Eurasia, and Central Asia.
(3) Rule of construction.--This section shall be considered
to be an authorization of appropriations for purposes of
section 7070(d) of division C of the Consolidated
Appropriations Act, 2017 (Public Law 115-31).
(f) Report.--The Secretary of State shall submit to Congress a
report for each fiscal year for which activities are undertaken
pursuant to this section.
Reporting on Influence and Subversion by the Kremlin Act or the RISK Act This bill directs the Department of State to submit to Congress an assessment of subversive activities by the Russian Federation. The assessment shall be conducted by a federally funded research and development center or another appropriate independent entity with expertise in diplomatic and military developments in Europe and the Russian Federation. Such entity may use and incorporate information from previous studies and shall include assessments of: disinformation and propaganda activities of the Russian Federation; support by the Russian Federation for separatist activities and other aggressive actions aimed at undermining the sovereignty of foreign countries, particularly in Ukraine and the Baltic countries; cyber intrusions by the Russian Federation to influence the infrastructure and democratic processes in the United States and other countries; the use of energy exports by the Russian Federation for purposes of political or economic coercion and significant investment in energy infrastructure by the Russian government or Russian-controlled entities; and the deterioration of democratic conditions in the Russian Federation. The President is authorized to establish in the Department of the Treasury the Countering Russian Influence Fund to be used by the State Department for bilateral assistance to counter activities carried out in countries in Europe, Eurasia, and Central Asia by the Russian Federation to support disinformation and propaganda, interfere in foreign elections, and undermine financial transparency and governance. Amounts in the fund may be made available to carry out its purposes through civil society and other organizations that seek to mitigate the expansion of Russian influence and aggression, including through public awareness campaigns and exchange activities.