instruction:
In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
question:
A paper he wrote about the geometrical representation of a certain kind of property by means of surfaces so excited Maxwell that he made a model illustrating the method. During the early 1880s, this man worked on a modification of the quaternion which he thought could be adapted into a new system of vector analysis, but it had little impact. He developed an "electrical theory of light" which presumed that light is a disturbance propagating through relatively fine-grained media, while his last work was a treatise on Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics which he completed a year before his death in 1903. His greatest discovery was popularized by the Dutch scientist who experimentally confirmed it, Hendrik Roozeboom. His most famous work was translated by Le Chatelier and Ostwald, and established a basis for the theory of the thermodynamic properties of heterogenous substances. FTP, name this founder of physical chemistry, an American scientist known for his namesake phase rule.
answer:
Science

question:
Two female members of this occupation served under John Rackham and were named Mary Read and Anne Bonny. Members of this profession could gain government support if granted a Letter of Marque, which made them privateers. In this occupation's Golden Age, Bartholomew Roberts had the most success, and that age also saw the likes of (*) Edward Teach and William Kidd. For 10 points, name this profession that got the majority of its members from the ships it robbed, and whose captains included Blackbeard and whose ships flew the Jolly Roger.
answer:
History

question:
A variation of this process in prokaryotes includes the enzymes lactonohyrolase and NADP+ oxoreductase and is named for Entner and Duodoroff. The rapid acceleration of this process by M2-PK in cancer cells is known as the Warburg effect, while one product of this pathway is moved into a downstream process via the malate-aspartate shuttle. One enzyme is this pathway is regulated by both a liver promoter and a neuroendocrine promoter that control the transcription of two different isoforms, while another one is inhibited allosterically by alanine and ATP, and is responsible for transforming phosphenolpyruate to pyruvate, which is the final molecule of this pathway. Divided into an "investment" and "payoff" phase, this process creates a net total of 2ATP. FTP, name this pathway that contains pyruvate kinase, glucokinase, and phosphofructokinase-1, and is responsible for splitting a glucose molecule.
answer:
Science