Q: Interferons are produced in virally infected cells and cause them to secrete signals for surrounding cells to make what? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Chapter 21 1 The three main components are the lymph vessels, the lymph nodes, and the lymph. 3 The bacterium is digested by the phagocyte's digestive enzymes (contained in its lysosomes). 5 B 7 C 9 A 11 D 13 C 15 B 17 B 19 D 21 D 23 B 25 C 27 B 29 C 31 D 33 A 35 B 37 B 39 The lymph enters through lymphatic capillaries, and then into larger lymphatic vessels. The lymph can only go in one direction due to valves in the vessels. The larger lymphatics merge to form trunks that enter into the blood via lymphatic ducts. 41 Interferons are produced in virally infected cells and cause them to secrete signals for surrounding cells to make antiviral proteins. C-reactive protein is induced to be made by the liver and will opsonize certain species of bacteria. 43 Antigen-specific clones are stimulated as their antigen receptor binds to antigen. They are then activated and proliferate, expanding their numbers. The result is a large number of antigen-specific lymphocytes. 45 IgM is an antigen receptor on naive B cells. Upon activation, naive B cells make IgM first. IgM is good at binding complement and thus has good antibacterial effects. IgM is replaced with other classes of antibodies later on in the primary response due to class switching. 47 Tuberculosis is caused by bacteria resistant to lysosomal enzymes in alveolar macrophages, resulting in chronic infection. The immune response to these bacteria actually causes most of the lung damage that is characteristic of this life-threatening disease. 49 Antibody response to the cell walls of -Streptococcus cross-reacts with the heart muscle. Complement is then activated and the heart is damaged, leading to abnormal function. Tolerance is broken because heart myosin antigens are similar to antigens on the - Streptococcus bacteria. Choices: - overwhelm proteins - resist proteins - Raising Proteins - antiviral proteins A:
antiviral proteins

Q: Most taste buds on the tongue are associated with nipple-shaped projections called what? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Choices: - antennae - mucosa - cilia - papillae A:
papillae

Q: What is the fracture called when rocks on both sides move? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: If the rocks on one or both sides of a fracture move, the fracture is called a fault ( Figure below ). Faults can occur alone or in clusters. A cluster of faults creates a fault zone . Earthquakes happen when rocks break and move suddenly. The energy released causes an earthquake. Choices: - a crevice - a shear - a stress fracture - a fault A:
a fault

Q: Scientists perform experiments to test their hypotheses because sometimes the nature of natural universe is what? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Scientists perform experiments to test their hypotheses because sometimes the nature of natural universe is not obvious. Choices: - become obvious - very obvious - this obvious - not obvious A:
not obvious