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It's not always possible to dispose of food immediately, such as if garbage collection is weekly. Leaving it in the garbage until then can generate smells, attract animals, and breed flies. Ideally it should be made of glass, such as a pickle or spaghetti sauce jar, with a tight-fitting lid. Plastic jars can also be used, but may leak some odor. Sealable metal cans, such as coffee cans, can be used, but may create a rust ring if left in sink. Cardboard containers, like the cylinders oatmeal comes in, should be avoided. They may leak when they get wet from decomposing food. Ideally the jar should be small enough for a single use. Don't reopen it later, as this will let odor and potentially flies or fruit flies out, unless it has been kept frozen. (It's also possible to dump the contents in the garbage and then rinse and reuse the slop jar, but this is messy, and should be done outside.) This will halt the decomposition process and kill any insects or larva. This method can either be used in conjunction with a slop jar, or else large items, like a watermelon rind, can be placed in the freezer whole. However, it's easy to forget these items on garbage day, so a Post-it note on the trash can is a good reminder.
Be careful about putting out waste for disposal too early. Use a "slop jar". Chop the food up into small enough pieces to fit into the jar. On garbage day, throw the entire slop jar out. Alternatively, freeze items for later disposal.