Answer the following question given this paragraph: Can Snail Venom Be Used as a Pharmacological Painkiller? Marine snails of the genus Conus (Figure 28.25) attack prey with a venomous sting. The toxin released, known as conotoxin, is a peptide with internal disulfide linkages. Conotoxins can bring about paralysis in humans, indicating that this toxin attacks neurological targets. Some conotoxins have been shown to block neuronal ion channels. These findings have led researchers to study conotoxins for possible medical applications. Conotoxins are an exciting area of potential pharmacological development, since these peptides may be possibly modified and used in specific medical conditions to inhibit the activity of specific neurons. For example, these toxins may be used to induce paralysis in muscles in specific health applications, similar to the use of botulinum toxin. Since the entire spectrum of conotoxins, as well as their mechanisms of action, are not completely known, the study of their potential applications is still in its infancy. Most research to date has focused on their use to treat neurological diseases. They have also shown some efficacy in relieving chronic pain, and the pain associated with conditions like sciatica and shingles. The study and use of biotoxinstoxins derived from living organismsare an excellent example of the application of biological science to modern medicine. Q: Conotoxins released by certain marine snails can bring about paralysis in humans, indicating that this toxin attacks what system? Choices: - cerebral - circulatory - cardiovascular - neurological A:
neurological
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Deleting or inserting a nitrogen base causes a frameshift mutation. All of the codons following the mutation are misread. This may be disastrous. To see why, consider this English-language analogy. Take the sentence "The big dog ate the red cat. " If the second letter of "big" is deleted, then the sentence becomes: "The bgd oga tet her edc at. " Deleting a single letter makes the rest of the sentence impossible to read. Q: Deleting or inserting a nitrogen base causes what? Choices: - a placentation mutation - a degenerative mutation - a photoinhibition mutation - a frameshift mutation A:
a frameshift mutation
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: An object will not change its state of motion (i. e. , accelerate) unless an unbalanced force acts on it. Equal and oppositely directed forces on the same object do not produce acceleration. Q: An unbalanced force on an object in motion causes what? Choices: - agitation - velocity - vibration - acceleration A:
A: acceleration
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Adulthood does not have a definite starting point. A person may be physically mature by age 16 or 17 but not defined as an adult by law until older ages. In the U. S. , you can't join the armed forces or vote until age 18. You can't buy or use alcohol or take on many legal and financial responsibilities until age 21. Q: What phase of a human life does not have a definite starting point? Choices: - adolescence - death - childhood - adulthood A:
Answer: adulthood
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Coelacanths are ancient fish with just two living species. They are at risk of extinction because of their very small numbers. Q: Which ancient fish has just two living species and is at risk of extinction? Choices: - latimeria - hominids - squids - coelacanths A:
**Answer**
coelacanths
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The skin is the major organ of the integumentary system , which also includes the nails and hair. In fact, the skin is the body's largest organ, and a remarkable one at that. Consider these skin facts. The average square inch (6.5 cm 2 ) of skin has 20 blood vessels, 650 sweat glands, and more than a thousand nerve endings. It also has an incredible 60,000 pigment-producing cells. All of these structures are packed into a stack of cells that is just 2 mm thick, or about as thick as the cover of a book. Q: What organ system consists of the skin, nails and hair? Choices: - nervous system - digestive system - endocrine system - integumentary system A:
A: integumentary system