Teacher:In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. You should write an incorrect option. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: (stating that probable cause to arrest exists when officer has "reasonable ground for belief of guilt that was particularized with respect to the person to be ... seized") (internal quotation marks omitted). Accordingly, the district court properly denied the motion to suppress, and we affirm the court's judgment. We deny Holland's motion to file a pro se supplemental brief and dispense with oral argument because the facts and legal contentions are adequately presented in the materials before this court and argument would not aid the decisional process. AFFIRMED. * The Government argues that, in determining whether a seizure occurred, we should apply the "force or submission" standard set forth in California v. Hodari D., 499 U.S. 621, 626, 111 S.Ct. 1547, 113 L.Ed.2d 690 (1991) (<HOLDING>). The Govern ment contends that, because
Holding statements: (A) holding iowa common law touching assault met use of physical force required for enhancement under 18 usc 922g9 be cause any physical contact by necessity requires physical force to complete (B) holding that 2241a1 requires actual use of force meaning use of such physical force as is sufficient to overcome restrain or injure a person (C) holding that an arrest requires either physical force or where that is absent submission to the assertion of authority (D) holding that an arrest may involve either 1 taking the alleged violator into exlended physical custody or 2 issuing the individual a citation and noting that when we use the word arrest in this opinion we refer to physical arrest (E) holding that emotional distress requires a showing of either physical symptoms or mental illness
Student:
holding iowa common law touching assault met use of physical force required for enhancement under 18 usc 922g9 be cause any physical contact by necessity requires physical force to complete