Benjamin Franklin FRS, FRSE ( April 17, 1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Franklin was a renowned polymath and a leading author, printer, political theorist, politician, freemason, postmaster, scientist, inventor, humorist, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat. As a scientist, he was a major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity. As an inventor, he is known for the lightning rod, bifocals, and the Franklin stove, among other inventions. He facilitated many civic organizations, including Philadelphia's fire department and the University of Pennsylvania, an Ivy League institution.

Franklin earned the title of "The First American" for his early and indefatigable campaigning for colonial unity, initially as an author and spokesman in London for several colonies. As the first United States Ambassador to France, he exemplified the emerging American nation. Franklin was foundational in defining the American ethos as a marriage of the practical values of thrift, hard work, education, community spirit, self-governing institutions, and opposition to authoritarianism both political and religious, with the scientific and tolerant values of the Enlightenment. In the words of historian Henry Steele Commager, "In a Franklin could be merged the virtues of Puritanism without its defects, the illumination of the Enlightenment without its heat." To Walter Isaacson, this makes Franklin "the most accomplished American of his age and the most influential in inventing the type of society America would become." What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. Who is this article about?
2. When was he born?
3. What school did he help create?
4. Was he an inventor?
5. How many inventions are mentioned?
6. What are they?
7. What job did he do in London?
8. For what organizations?
9. Was he a printer?
10. How many historians are quoted?
11. Who are they?
12. What kind of science experiments did he do?
13. What were his theories about?
14. He was ambassador to which country?
15. What title did he get in London?
16. Why?
17. What practical values were part of the American ethos?
18. What Philadelphia city organization did he help found?
19. Was he a Founding Father?
20. And a freemason?
Answer: 1. Benjamin Franklin
2. April 17, 1790
3. University of Pennsylvania
4. yes
5. three
6. lightning rod, bifocals, and the Franklin stove
7. spokesman
8. for several colonies
9. yes
10. two
11. Henry Steele Commager and Walter Isaacson
12. physics
13. electricity
14. France
15. "The First American"
16. for his early and indefatigable campaigning for colonial unity,
17. a marriage of the practical values of thrift, hard work, education, community spirit, self-governing institutions, and opposition to authoritarianism both political and religious
18. fire department
19. yes
20. yes

Relatively insensitive film, with a correspondingly lower speed index, requires more exposure to light to produce the same image density as a more sensitive film, and is thus commonly termed a slow film. Highly sensitive films are correspondingly termed fast films. In both digital and film photography, the reduction of exposure corresponding to use of higher sensitivities generally leads to reduced image quality (via coarser film grain or higher image noise of other types). In short, the higher the sensitivity, the grainier the image will be. Ultimately sensitivity is limited by the quantum efficiency of the film or sensor.

The Warnerke Standard Sensitometer consisted of a frame holding an opaque screen with an array of typically 25 numbered, gradually pigmented squares brought into contact with the photographic plate during a timed test exposure under a phosphorescent tablet excited before by the light of a burning Magnesium ribbon. The speed of the emulsion was then expressed in 'degrees' Warnerke (sometimes seen as Warn. or W.) corresponding with the last number visible on the exposed plate after development and fixation. Each number represented an increase of 1/3 in speed, typical plate speeds were between 10 and 25 Warnerke at the time. What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. What is the speed of a insensitive film?
2. What does it require more of?
3. What is another name for it?
4. What is a fast film?
5. What is a sensitive film?
6. So what happens if it has higher sensitivity?
7. How does that do to the image?
8. What causes the image to be grainier?
9. What is sensitivity limited by?
10. What did the Warnerke Standard Sensitometer consist of?
11. What else did it have?
12. What did it connect with?
13. What was the speed expressed in?
14. Was there an abbreviation for it?
15. What did each number represent?
16. An increase of 1/3 represented what?
17. What were typical plate speeds?
Answer: 1. lower speed
2. exposure to light
3. slow film.
4. no
5. fast films
6. reduced image quality
7. via coarser film grain or higher image noise of other types
8. high sensitivity
9. the quantum efficiency of the film or sensor.
10. a frame
11. an opaque screen with an array of typically 25 numbered, gradually pigmented squares
12. a photographic plate during a timed test exposure under a phosphorescent table
13. degrees
14. Warn. or W
15. corresponding with the last number visible on the exposed plate after development and fixation.
16. Each number
17. 10 and 25 Warnerke

Years after throwing a bottle-up note into a lake for a class project and just one year after his death, a man's childhood message was found and returned to his mother.

Eleven years ago, a then 10-year-old boy, Joshua Baker, wrote the message, folded and put it in an empty container, his mother, Maggie Holbrook said. He died last February in a motor vehicle accident in California. He had recently returned after a serving in the Middle East as a US marine. "I think he was just letting us know he was OK and keep doing what we are doing." Holbrook said.

The message surfaced in White Lake in late April, just days after the 11th anniversary of its being thrown into the lake. It was found by one of Baker's closest friends, Steve Lieder, she said. Lieder and two friends were chatting near the lake when Lieder looked down and saw the bottle. He broke it open and found the note inside.

"My name is Joshua Baker. I am 10. If you find this, put it on the news. The date is 4/16/98." They immediately took it to Holbrook, who said she is now having the note preserved and will display it in her home.

She can remember when her son wrote the message for the school project. She said she always wondered why he didn't put it in the nearby Wolf River, which has a much stronger current.

"I still remember the day he wrote it, " Holbrook said. "I couldn't understand why he threw I in the lake. No one would never see it again. Now I know." What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. How old was Joshua?
2. What was his last name?
3. When did he die?
4. How?
5. Where was it?
6. Where had he just come back from?
7. Why was he there?
8. How old was he when he died?
9. When did he write a bottle message?
10. Why did he write it?
11. When was it found?
12. Before he died?
13. Who was his mom?
14. What body of water was the message in?
15. Who found it?
16. What did the note say to do?
17. What day was it written?
18. How many people were there when Steve found it?
19. Had they been fishing?
20. What were they doing?
Answer:
1. 10
2. baker
3. last February
4. motor vehicle accident
5. California.
6. Middle East
7. serving as a US marine.
8. 21
9. Eleven years ago
10. school project
11. late April
12. one year after
13. Maggie Holbrook
14. White Lake
15. Steve Lieder
16. put it on the news.
17. 4/16/98
18. Three
19. no
20. chatting