Answer the following question given this paragraph: Wavelength is one way of measuring the size of waves. It is the distance between two corresponding points on adjacent waves, and it is usually measured in meters. How it is measured is a little different for transverse and longitudinal waves. Q: What do wavelengths measure the size of? Choices: - winds - fossils - tides - waves A:
waves
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Electrons are transferred from hair to a balloon rubbed against the hair. Then the oppositely charged hair and balloon attract each other. Q: When a balloon is rubbed against hair, why do they attract each other? Choices: - constantly electron charge - lean electron charge - same electron charge - opposite electron charge A:
opposite electron charge
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Weather maps show storms, air masses, and fronts. Q: Weather maps show storms, air masses, and what? Choices: - currents - patterns - regions - fronts A:
A: fronts
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The positive sign of the force indicates the force is repulsive. This makes sense, because both objects have a positive charge. Q: When both objects have a positive charge what will the force be between them? Choices: - attractive - expressive - polar - repulsive A:
Answer: repulsive
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Bundles of fibers can be used to transmit an image without a lens, as illustrated in Figure 25.15. The output of a device called an endoscope is shown in Figure 25.15(b). Endoscopes are used to explore the body through various orifices or minor incisions. Light is transmitted down one fiber bundle to illuminate internal parts, and the reflected light is transmitted back out through another to be observed. Surgery can be performed, such as arthroscopic surgery on the knee joint, employing cutting tools attached to and observed with the endoscope. Samples can also be obtained, such as by lassoing an intestinal polyp for external examination. Fiber optics has revolutionized surgical techniques and observations within the body. There are a host of medical diagnostic and therapeutic uses. The flexibility of the fiber optic bundle allows it to navigate around difficult and small regions in the body, such as the intestines, the heart, blood vessels, and joints. Transmission of an intense laser beam to burn away obstructing plaques in major arteries as well as delivering light to activate chemotherapy drugs are becoming commonplace. Optical fibers have in fact enabled microsurgery and remote surgery where the incisions are small and the surgeon's fingers do not need to touch the diseased tissue. Q: Endoscopes are used to explore the body through various orifices or these? Choices: - dermal tears - major incisions - ocular cavity - minor incisions A:
**Answer**
minor incisions
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: 21.5 | The Immune Response against Pathogens By the end of this section, you will be able to: Explain the development of immunological competence Describe the mucosal immune response Discuss immune responses against bacterial, viral, fungal, and animal pathogens Describe different ways pathogens evade immune responses Now that you understand the development of mature, naive B cells and T cells, and some of their major functions, how do all of these various cells, proteins, and cytokines come together to actually resolve an infection? Ideally, the immune response will rid the body of a pathogen entirely. The adaptive immune response, with its rapid clonal expansion, is well suited to this purpose. Think of a primary infection as a race between the pathogen and the immune system. The pathogen bypasses barrier defenses and starts multiplying in the host's body. During the first 4 to 5 days, the innate immune response will partially control, but not stop, pathogen growth. As the adaptive immune response gears up, however, it will begin to clear the pathogen from the body, while at the same time becoming stronger and stronger. When following antibody responses in patients with a particular disease such as a virus, this clearance is referred to as seroconversion (sero- = "serum"). Seroconversion is the reciprocal relationship between virus levels in the blood and antibody levels. As the antibody levels rise, the virus levels decline, and this is a sign that the immune response is being at least partially effective (partially, because in many diseases, seroconversion does not necessarily mean a patient is getting well). An excellent example of this is seroconversion during HIV disease (Figure 21.26). Notice that antibodies are made early in this disease, and the increase in anti-HIV antibodies correlates with a decrease in detectable virus in the blood. Although these antibodies are an important marker for diagnosing the disease, they are not sufficient to completely clear the virus. Several years later, the... Q: What bodily system is primarily responsible for fighting pathogens in the body? Choices: - digestion - Cardiovascular - Muscular - immune A:
A: immune