Answer the following question given this paragraph: Steps of Virus Infections A virus must use cell processes to replicate. The viral replication cycle can produce dramatic biochemical and structural changes in the host cell, which may cause cell damage. These changes, called cytopathic (causing cell damage) effects, can change cell functions or even destroy the cell. Some infected cells, such as those infected by the common cold virus known as rhinovirus, die through lysis (bursting) or apoptosis (programmed cell death or "cell suicide"), releasing all progeny virions at once. The symptoms of viral diseases result from the immune response to the virus, which attempts to control and eliminate the virus from the body, and from cell damage caused by the virus. Many animal viruses, such as HIV (human immunodeficiency virus), leave the infected cells of the immune system by a process known as budding, where virions leave the cell individually. During the budding process, the cell does not undergo lysis and is not immediately killed. However, the damage to the cells that the virus infects may make it impossible for the cells to function normally, even though the cells remain alive for a period of time. Most productive viral infections follow similar steps in the virus replication cycle: attachment, penetration, uncoating, replication, assembly, and release (Figure 21.8). Attachment A virus attaches to a specific receptor site on the host cell membrane through attachment proteins in the capsid or via glycoproteins embedded in the viral envelope. The specificity of this interaction determines the hostand the cells within the hostthat can be infected by a particular virus. This can be illustrated by thinking of several keys and several locks, where each key will fit only one specific lock. Q: Symptoms of viral diseases result from what kind of response to a virus? Choices: - infection - pathogenic - mutation - immune A:
immune
(Question)
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Endothermic reactions absorb energy from the surroundings as the reaction occurs. When 1 mol of calcium carbonate decomposes into 1 mol of calcium oxide and 1 mol of carbon dioxide, 177.8 kJ of heat is absorbed. The process is shown visually in Figure above (B). The thermochemical reaction is shown below. Q: What kind of reactions absorb energy from their surroundings as they occur? Choices: - exothermic - hydrostatic - autotrophic - endothermic A:
(Answer)
endothermic
Ques: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Unlike nonvascular plants, all vascular plantsincluding seedless vascular plantshave a dominant sporophyte generation. Seedless vascular plants include clubmosses and ferns. Figure below shows a typical fern life cycle. Q: Do nonvascular or vascular plants have a dominant sporophyte generation? Choices: - nonvascular - deciduous - perennial - vascular A:
Ans: vascular
(Q).
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Ionic compounds consist of oppositely charged ions that are held together by ionic bonds. The opposite charges cancel out so ionic compounds have a net neutral charge. Ionic compounds form when metals transfer valence electrons to nonmetals. Q: What kind of charge do iconic compounds have? Choices: - net negative charge - net positive charge - white neutral charge - net neutral charge A:
(A).
net neutral charge
Ques:Answer the following question given this paragraph: Distillation is an effective method to separate mixtures comprised of two or more pure liquids. Distillation is a purification process in which the components of a liquid mixture are vaporized (transformed from liquid to gas) and then condensed (transformed from gas back to liquid) and isolated. In a simple distillation, a mixture is gradually heated. The solution with the lowest boiling point will change into a gas first. This gas, or vapor, then passes through a cooled tube (a condenser) where it condenses back into its liquid state. This condensed liquid is called the distillate. Figure below illustrates this. Q: Distillation is an effective method to separate mixtures comprised of two or more what? Choices: - solutes - ionic compounds - elements - pure liquids A:

Ans:pure liquids
Ques: Answer the following question given this paragraph: As living things evolve, they generally become better suited for their environment. This is because they evolve adaptations. An adaptation is a characteristic that helps a living thing survive and reproduce in a given environment. Look at the mole in Figure below . It has tentacles around its nose that it uses to sense things by touch. The mole lives underground in the soil where it is always dark. However, by using its touch organ, it can detect even tiny food items in the soil in total darkness. The touch organ is an adaptation because it helps the mole survive in its dark, underground environment. Q: Living things evolve what characteristics that make them better suited for their environment? Choices: - mutations - instincts - reflexes - adaptations A:
Ans:
adaptations