Q: Find the concentration of the acid solution on the label, or in the word problem you are working on. This number is often written in units of molarity, or molar concentration, abbreviated as M. For example, a "6M" acid contains six moles of acid molecules per liter. We'll call this starting concentration C1. The formula below will also use the term V1. This is the volume of the acid we will be adding to water. We probably won't use the entire bottle of acid, though, so we don't know what this number is yet. The desired concentration and volume of acid is typically determined by a school assignment or by the requirements of the laboratory you are working in. For example, we might want to dilute our acid to a concentration of 2M, and need 0.5 liters (0.1USgal). We'll call this desired concentration C2 and the desired volume V2. If you are using unusual units, convert them all to units of molar concentration (moles per liter) and liters before you continue. If you are not certain what concentration or volume of acid is required, consult your teacher, a chemist, or an expert in the task you plan to use acid in. Whenever you prepare to dilute a solution, you can use the formula C1V1 = C2V2. words, this means "the initial solution's concentration x its volume = the diluted solutions' concentration x its volume." We know this is true because concentration x volume = the total amount of acid, and the total amount of acid will remain the same as it is added to the water. In our example, we can write this formula (6M)(V1)=(2M)(0.5L). This term, V1, will tell us how much of the initial acid solution we need to add to water in order to end up with the desired concentration and volume. Rearrange the formula as V1=(C2V2)/(C1), then plug in the numbers you know. In our example, we would end up with V1=((2M)(0.5L))/(6M)=16 liter (0.0USgal). This approximately equals 0.167 liters (0.0USgal), or 167 milliliters. Now that you now V1, the amount of acid you'll be using, and V2, the amount of solution you'll end up with, you can easily calculate how much water you need to make up the difference. V2- V1 = the volume of water required. In our case, we want to end up 0.5 liters (0.1USgal) and will be using 0.167 liters (0.0USgal) of acid. The amount of water we need = 0.5L - 0.167L = 0.333L, or 333 milliliters.
A: Check what you already have. Decide on an end result. Write the formula for calculating dilution. Solve the formula for V1. Calculate how much water you'll need.

Q: To use a key shortcut, you will hold down one or more modifier keys and press a letter (or another modifier key). Modifier keys include the following: Ctrl - Usually found on the left and right sides of the keyboard. The right Ctrl key will be just left of the arrow keys. Alt - Found on the left and right sides of the keyboard, farther in toward the center of the keyboard than Ctrl. Shift - Symbolized by an upward-facing arrow, this key is on the left and right sides of the keyboard. Fn - The "function" key allows you to use secondary functions of other keys. Commands that use the function keys (e.g., F8) may require use of the Fn key. Win - This key displays the Windows logo, and is normally in the bottom-left side of your keyboard. Arrow keys - While not technically modifier keys, the arrow keys can be used to select items. Enter - This key allows you to open a selected item. It's essentially a mouse left-click. These combinations help you perform basic Windows tasks: F1 - Open the Help page. You must have Internet access for this. If your computer has an Fn key, you may need to hold it while pressing F1. Shift+F10 - Bring up the context menu for a selected item. This is usually accomplished by right-clicking. Ctrl+ Shift+Esc - Open the Task Manager. Ctrl+Alt+Del - Open the Windows Security menu. (works from XP to 10) Alt+Space - Bring up the current window's System menu, from which you can resize, minimize, maximize, or move the current window. Ctrl+Tab - Move through current window's tabs (e.g., in a browser). Ctrl+Esc - Open the Start menu. Alt+Tab - Switch between currently open windows, excluding the desktop. Alt+F4 - Close an open window or program. Shift+Delete - Permanently delete a selected item. This will bypass the Recycle Bin, though you'll need to click OK to confirm. Win - Open Start. Win+L - Lock the computer. If your computer doesn't use a password, this will still take you to the user selection screen. Win+R - Open the Run box. Win+M - Minimize all open windows and display the desktop. Shift+ Win+M - Restore all minimized windows. Win+E - Open File Explorer. Win+Ctrl+F - Find another computer on your network (networked computers only). Win+Tab - View all currently open Windows. Win+ Break - Open the System Properties window. Win+ PrtScr - Take a screenshot. Ctrl+F - Open a search bar to look for specific words or phrases on the page. There are several text-editing shortcuts in Windows that extend to most instances of typing, as well as file copying and pasting: Ctrl+C - Copy selected text. You can also use this to copy selected files or folders. Ctrl+X - Copy and remove selected text (known as "cutting"). Ctrl+V - Paste copied text at the cursor. This also works with files and folders. Ctrl+Z - Undo the last action. Depending on the program, this command can be used multiple times to undo multiple mistakes. Ctrl+Y - Reverse the last undo. Depending on the program, this command can be used multiple times to revert multiple undo commands. Ctrl+P - Print your document. Ctrl+S - Save your document. Ctrl+B - Bold the selected text. This will work in Microsoft Office products and most email providers. Ctrl+U - Underline the selected text. This will work in Microsoft Office products and most email providers. Ctrl+I - Italicize the selected text. This will work in Microsoft Office products and most email providers. There are a few keyboard shortcuts you can use to navigate in the File Explorer: F2 - Rename a selected item. F4 - Places the mouse cursor in the address bar. F5 - Refreshes the folder. F6 - Selects a different pane in the File Explorer window. Ctrl+A - Selects every item in the current window. Alt+ Enter - Open a selected item's Properties menu. Most programs have an advanced menu that can be accessed using the mouse while pressing a key: Shift + Right-Click - Shows a drop-down menu with extra options based on the item you're right-clicking. Shift + Double-Click - Runs the alternate double-click command, which is the second option in the right-click drop-down menu. Alt + Double-Click - Open an item's Properties window.
A:
Understand how key shortcuts work. Use general key shortcuts to access Windows features. Use keyboard shortcuts to help with typing, copying, and pasting. Use keyboard shortcuts in File Explorer. Use key shortcuts with the mouse.