Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Q: Context: To assessdoctor's knowledge on the relevance of the problem of sleep disorders, methods of their diagnosis and treatment.", 'The survey was conducted among90physicians of different the rapeuticspecialties of Kazan medical institutions.', 'The doctors believe that main causes of sleep disorders are stressors (20%), depression (13%), neurosis (13%), chronic diseases (13%), asthenia (10%), pain (10%). An analysis of treatment prescribed to patients with sleep disorders revealed large differences.
Answer: Physicians are not well informed about the problems of sleep disorders, have a small idea of the methods of sleepresearch and drugs for their treatment as well as of a sequence of operations that should be used to resolve this problem.

A: Do [ What do the doctors of different specialties know about sleep disorders and their treatment ]?
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Q: Context: Androgen-independent prostate cancer is today an incurable disease, but increased understanding of the mechanisms for the transition into an androgen-independent state may increase the possibilities for more efficient strategies in the future.', 'An androgen-independent subline, LNCaP-19, to the androgen-dependent prostate cancer cell line LNCaP was developed in vitro under standard culture conditions. The characteristics of LNCaP-19 regarding androgen responsiveness, PSA, and VEGF secretion was studied in vitro. The growth in vivo and the microvessel density (MVD) of the tumors were studied after inoculation in nude mice.', 'LNCaP-19 grows equally well in dextran-charcoal stripped FBS (DCC-FBS) as in normal FBS, and rapidly gives rise to tumors in both intact and castrated mice, indicating a true androgen-independent growth. The PSA secretion from LNCaP-19 cells was lower than from LNCaP cells, while the VEGF level was comparable to the secretion from LNCaP cells without androgen stimulation. The MVD was increased in the LNCaP-19 tumors, and the vessels also displayed a changed morphology with exclusively small microvessels without lumen.
Answer: LNCaP-19 shows characteristics resembling those of androgen-independent prostate cancer. An increased MVD and changed vessel morphology in the tumor, makes it an interesting model system for studies regarding angiogenesis in the context of the acquisition of androgen independence.

A: Is transition of an androgen-dependent human prostate cancer cell line into an androgen-independent subline associated with increased angiogenesis?
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Q: Context: High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main etiologic factor for cervical cancer. The severity of HPV-associated cervical lesions has been correlated to the number of infiltrating macrophages. The objective of this work is to characterize the role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) on the immune cellular response against the tumor.', 'We used the HPV16 E6- and E7-expressing TC-1 mouse tumor model to study the effect of TAM on T-cell function in vitro, and depleted TAM, using clodronate-containing liposomes, to characterize its role in vivo.', 'TAM, characterized by the positive expression of CD45, F4/80, and CD11b, formed the major population of infiltrating tumor cells. TAM displayed high basal Arginase I activity, producing interleukin-10 (IL-10); they were resistant to iNOSII activity induction, therefore reversion to M1 phenotype, when stimulated in vitro with lipopolysaccharide/IFNgamma, indicating an M2 phentoype. In cultures of isolated TAM, TAM induced regulatory phenotype, characterized by IL-10 and Foxp3 expression, and inhibited proliferation of CD8 lymphocytes. In vivo, depletion of TAM inhibited tumor growth and stimulated the infiltration of tumors by HPV16 E7(49-57)-specific CD8 lymphocytes, whereas depletion of Gr1(+) tumor-associated cells had no effect.
Answer: M2-like macrophages infiltrate HPV16-associated tumors causing suppression of antitumor T-cell response, thus facilitating tumor growth. Depletion or phenotype alteration of this population should be considered in immunotherapy strategies.

A:
Do hPV16 tumor associated macrophages suppress antitumor T cell responses?
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