Q: In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''HIV Prevention Act of 2007''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress makes the following findings:
(1) The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (in this
Act referred to as ''PEPFAR'') is an unprecedented effort to
combat the global AIDS epidemic, with $9,000,000,000 targeted
for initiatives in 15 focus countries.
(2) The PEPFAR prevention goal is to avert 7,000,000 HIV
infections in the 15 focus countries--most in sub-Saharan
Africa, where heterosexual intercourse is by far the
predominant mode of HIV transmission.
(3) According to the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/
AIDS, young people between the ages of 15 and 24 years old are
''the most threatened by AIDS'' and ''are at the centre of HIV
vulnerability''. Globally, young people between the ages of 10
and 24 years old account for /2\ of all new HIV cases each
year. About 7,000 young people in this cohort contract the
virus every day.
(4) A recent review funded by the United States Agency for
International Development found that sex and HIV education
programs that encourage abstinence but also discuss the use of
condoms do not increase sexual activity as critics of sex
education have long alleged. Sex education can help delay the
initiation of intercourse, reduce the frequency of sex and the
number of sexual partners, and also increase condom use.
(5) The United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS,
Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C. 7601 et seq.)
requires that at least /3\ of all prevention funds be
reserved for abstinence-until-marriage programs.
(6) A congressionally mandated review by the Institute of
Medicine of the first 3 years of PEPFAR unequivocally
recommends greater flexibility in the global fight against
AIDS. The March 2007 Institute of Medicine report entitled
''PEPFAR Implementation: Progress and Promise'' calls for
greater emphasis on prevention than the law currently allows
and says that ''removal of the abstinence-until-marriage''
earmark, among other changes, ''could enhance the quality,
accountability, and flexibility'' of prevention efforts.
(7) The Institute of Medicine report further found that the
abstinence-until-marriage earmark ''has greatly limited the
ability of Country Teams to develop and implement comprehensive
prevention programs that are well integrated with each other
and with counseling and testing, care and treatment programs
and that target those populations at greatest risk''.
(8) The Institute of Medicine report also found that the
earmark has ''limited PEPFAR's ability to tailor its activities
in each country to the local epidemic and to coordinate with .
. . the countries' national plans''.
(9) The Institute of Medicine report is in keeping with the
conclusions of a report issued in 2006 by the Government
Accountability Office. The GAO report, entitled ''Spending
Requirement Presents Challenges for Allocating Funding under
the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief'', found
''significant challenges'' associated with meeting the earmark
for abstinence-until-marriage programs.
(10) The Government Accountability Office found that a
majority of country teams report that fulfilling the
requirement presents challenges to their ability to respond to
local epidemiology and cultural and social norms.
(11) The Government Accountability Office found that,
although some country teams may be exempted from the
abstinence-until-marriage spending requirement, country teams
that are not exempted have to spend more than the 33 percent of
prevention funds on abstinence-until-marriage activities--
sometimes at the expense of other programs.
(12) The Government Accountability Office found that, as a
result of the abstinence-until-marriage spending requirement,
some countries have had to reduce planned funding for
Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission programs, thereby
limiting services for pregnant women and their children.
(13) The Government Accountability Office found that the
abstinence-until-marriage spending requirement limited or
reduced funding for programs directed to high-risk groups, such
as services for married discordant couples, sexually active
youth, and commercial sex workers.
(14) The Government Accountability Office found that the
abstinence-until-marriage spending requirement made it
difficult for countries to fund medical and blood safety
activities.
(15) The Government Accountability Office found that,
because of the abstinence-until-marriage spending requirement,
some countries would likely have to reduce funding for condom
procurement and condom social marketing.
(16) In addition, the Government Accountability Office
found that /3\ of focus country teams reported that the
policy for implementing PEPFAR's ABC model (defined as
''Abstain, Be faithful, use Condoms'') is unclear and open to
varying interpretations, causing confusion about which groups
may be targeted and whether youth may receive the ABC message.
(17) The Government Accountability Office found that the
ABC guidance does not clearly delineate permissible ''C''
activities under the ABC model. Program staff reported that
they feel ''constrained'' by restrictions on promoting or
marketing condoms to youth. Other country teams reported
confusion about whether PEPFAR funds may be used for broad
condom social marketing, even to adults in a generalized
epidemic.
(18) Young people are our greatest hope for changing the
course of the AIDS epidemic. According to the World Health
Organization, ''[f]ocusing on young people is likely to be the
most effective approach to confronting the epidemic,
particularly in high prevalence countries''.

SEC. 3. ENSURING BALANCED FUNDING FOR HIV PREVENTION METHODS.

(a) Sense of Congress on Abstinence-Until-Marriage Funding
Requirement.--Section 402(b)(3) of the United States Leadership Against
HIV/AIDS, Tuburculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 (22 U.S.C. 7672(b)(3))
is amended by striking '', of which such amount at least 33 percent
should be expended for abstinence-until-marriage programs''.
(b) Elimination of Abstinence-Until-Marriage Funding Requirement.--
Section 403(a) of such Act (22 U.S.C. 7673(a)) is amended by striking
the second sentence.
A:
HIV Prevention Act of 2007 - Amends the United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 to eliminate the HIV/AIDS abstinence-until marriage funding set-aside.