instruction:
In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
question:
This philosopher claimed that mathematics instills "a habit of reasoning closely and in train" in a work which also argues that those who know a smattering of everything are far from attaining truth. This author of On the Conduct of the Understanding also argued that having a variety of religious groups helps prevent civil unrest but condemned Roman Catholics and atheists in A (*) Letter Concerning Toleration. This thinker postulated that the role of government was to protect its people's natural rights of life, liberty, and property and claimed that the mind was a "tabula rasa" in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. For ten points, name this English Enlightenment philosopher who discussed the social contract in his Two Treatises of Government.
answer:
Social Science

question:
This entity shares its name with one controlled by the astronomer and investigator of mesmerism, Jean Sylvain Bailly. It saw the execution of General Lecomte, and Marshall MacMahon led a campaign against it that culminated with a mass execution at the Wall of the Federalists. Its aftermath saw a mass deportation to New Caledonia, and it was opposed by Adolphe Thiers. Louis-Auguste Blanqui was its nominal leader despite being imprisoned at the time, and it ended in the "Bloody Week" amidst fierce barricade fighting. Growing out of the Franco-Prussian War, for 10 points, name this socialist government that held power for two months in 1871 in the French capital.
answer:
History

question:
Admirals in the service of this man included Dragut and Khair ad Din, the latter of which was victorious at the Battle of Preveza, giving this ruler mastery over the eastern Mediterranean. On his eastern borders,he fought a war sparked by the treachery of the Governor of Bitlis, eventually defeating Shah Tahmasp I and taking control of Baghdad. On his western borders, he supported the pretender John Zapolya as the successor to Louis II, whom this mans armies had killed. At home, he employed the architect Sinan and instituted land reforms which earned him the nickname of Kanuni the lawgiver. For ten points, name this Ottoman Sultan better known as The Magnificent.
answer:
History