input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Figure 36.20 When light strikes rhodopsin, the G-protein transducin is activated, which in turn activates phosphodiesterase. Phosphodiesterase converts cGMP to GMP, thereby closing sodium channels. As a result, the membrane becomes hyperpolarized. The hyperpolarized membrane does not release glutamate to the bipolar cell. Q: When light strikes rhodopsin, the g-protein transducin is activated, which in turn activates what? A:
OPTIONS:
- aldosterone
- photosynthesis
- hydrolysis
- phosphodiesterase
output: phosphodiesterase

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Why is activation energy needed? A reaction won't occur unless atoms or molecules of reactants come together. This happens only if the particles are moving, and movement takes energy. Often, reactants have to overcome forces that push them apart. This takes energy as well. Still more energy is needed to start breaking bonds in reactants. The graphs in Figure below show the changes in energy in endothermic and exothermic reactions. Both reactions need the same amount of activation energy in order to begin. Q: What is required to break bonds in reactants? A:

OPTIONS:
- food
- gas
- protein
- energy

A: energy

input: OPTIONS:
- mitochondria
- nuclei
- the spindle
- the capsid Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Diagram of a Cytomegalovirus. The capsid encloses the genetic material of the virus. The envelope which surrounds the capsid is typically made from portions of the host cell membranes (phospholipids and proteins). Not all viruses have a viral envelope. Q: What encloses the genetic material of the virus? A:
A:
output: the capsid

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What is necessary for growth and energy? A:

OPTIONS:
- breeding
- warmth
- determination
- nutrients

Answer: nutrients

Problem: OPTIONS:
- gestation
- fermentation
- homeostasis
- hibernation
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What is the term for going into a dormant state during the winter? A:
Answer: hibernation

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Suppose that you wanted to know how many hydrogen atoms were in a mole of water molecules. First, you would need to know the chemical formula for water, which is H 2 O. There are two atoms of hydrogen in each molecule of water. How many atoms of hydrogen would there be in two water molecules? There would be 2 2 = 4 hydrogen atoms. How about in a dozen? In that case a dozen is 12 so 12 2 = 24 hydrogen atoms in a dozen water molecules. To get the answers, (4 and 24) you had to multiply the given number of molecules by two atoms of hydrogen per molecule. So to find the number of hydrogen atoms in a mole of water molecules, the problem could be solved using conversion factors. Q: H2o is the chemical formula for what? A:

OPTIONS:
- glass
- smog
- salt
- water

Answer:
water