question: Robinson Crusoe is a famous novel written by Daniel Defoe. The book tells the story of a man who is shipwrecked . He spends 28 years on an island near Venezuela. The book tells the story of everything that happens to Robinson Crusoe. He hopes someone will rescue him, but he has been there for so long on his own that he also begins to fear being rescued. Robinson Crusoe was published in 1719. Most experts believe the story is based on the life of Alexander Selkirk, who was a Scottish sailor. On an expedition in 1704, Selkirk had an argument with his ship's captain. Selkirk thought the ship was not safe and was about to fall apart. When the ship stopped at a remote island to get fresh water, Selkirk got off. He tried to get the other crew members to leave with him, but nobody would. The shop then sailed away without him. Selkirk spent four years and four months on his own on the island, known as Aguas Buenas. Selkirk was finally rescued by a ship that visited the island in 1709. The ship's captain was grateful to Selkirk because he provided food for the crew when they arrived. Now archaeologists think they have found the remains of Selkirk's camp on Aguas Buenas. They found two deep holes that would have held wooden posts. The archaeologists say this is evidence that Selkirk built a shelter there. The post holes are near a fresh water stream. They are located quite high up, which would have meant that Selkirk was able to watch out for the ships coming close to the island. The most interesting evidence, the archaeologists say, is part of a piece of equipment used by sailors to navigate . Historians believe Selkirk was a navigator, so the instrument could have belonged to him. Robinson Crusoe was published ten years after Selkirk was rescued. Most experts think Daniel Defoe heard and read stories about Selkirk, which inspired him to write the book.
1. what year did Selkirk have an argument with his captain?
2. how long after Selkirk was rescued did Robinson Crusoe publish his book?
3. who wrote Robinson Crusoe?
4. how long does the man stay on the island?
5. what year was the book published?
6. Did Selkirk try to save his shipmates?
7. did they listen to him?
8. did they leave without him?
9. what island was he on?
10. how long did he stay there?
11. was he eventually rescued?
12. what do archaeologists think they found?
13. who do experts think inspired Defoe?
****
answer: 1. 1704
2. ten years after
3. Daniel Defoe
4. 28 years
5. 1719
6. yes
7. no
8. yes
9. Aguas Buenas
10. four years and four months
11. yes
12. Selkirk's camp
13. Selkirk

CHAPTER NINETEEN.

THE DARKEST HOUR.

A long time after the events narrated in the last chapter, John Adams and Edward Young sat together one evening in the cave at the top of the mountain, where poor Fletcher Christian had been wont to hold his lonely vigils.

"I've bin thinkin' of late," said Young, "that it is very foolish of us to content ourselves with merely fishing from the rocks, when there are better fish to be had in deep water, and plenty of material at hand for making canoes."

"You're right, sir; we ought to try our hands at a canoe. Pity we didn't do so before the native men was all killed. They knew what sort o' trees to use, and how to split 'em up into planks, an' all that sort o' thing."

"But McCoy used to study that subject, and talk much about it, when we were in Otaheite," returned Young. "I've no doubt that with his aid we could build a good enough canoe, and the women would be as able as the men, no doubt, to direct us what to do if we were in a difficulty. McCoy is a handy fellow, you know, with tools, as he has proved more than once since the death of poor Williams."

Adams shook his head.

"No doubt, Mr Young, he's handy enough with the tools; but ever since he discovered how to make spirits, neither he nor Quintal, as you know, sir, are fit for anything."

"True," said Young, with a perplexed look; "it never occurred to me before that strong drink was such a curse. I begin now to understand why some men that I have known have been so enthusiastic in their outcry against it. Perhaps it would be right for you and me to refuse to drink with Quintal and McCoy, seeing that they are evidently killing themselves with it." What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. What is the chapter title?
2. Who is sitting together?
3. What do they want to build?
4. Do they have all knowledge to build one?
5. Who did?
6. What happened to the natives?
7. What is one of the things the natives knew?
8. Who found out how to make alcohol?
9. Is he useful now?
10. Where are the two men at?
11. Where is the cave?
12. Who is poor?
13. What did he hold?
14. Where will better fish be at?
15. What else will be easier to find in this area?
Answer: 1. THE DARKEST HOUR
2. John Adams and Edward Young
3. canoes
4. No
5. the native men
6. the native men was all killed
7. what sort o' trees to use
8. Mr Young
9. No
10. in the cave
11. at the top of the mountain
12. Fletcher Christian
13. lonely vigils
14. in deep water
15. material for making canoes

input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. The Vatican Apostolic Library (), more commonly called the Vatican Library or simply the Vat, is the library of the Holy See, located in Vatican City. Formally established in 1475, although it is much older, it is one of the oldest libraries in the world and contains one of the most significant collections of historical texts. It has 75,000 codices from throughout history, as well as 1.1 million printed books, which include some 8,500 incunabula.

The Vatican Library is a research library for history, law, philosophy, science and theology. The Vatican Library is open to anyone who can document their qualifications and research needs. Photocopies for private study of pages from books published between 1801 and 1990 can be requested in person or by mail.

In March 2014, the Vatican Library began an initial four-year project of digitising its collection of manuscripts, to be made available online.

The Vatican Secret Archives were separated from the library at the beginning of the 17th century; they contain another 150,000 items.

Scholars have traditionally divided the history of the library into five periods, Pre-Lateran, Lateran, Avignon, Pre-Vatican and Vatican.

The Pre-Lateran period, comprising the initial days of the library, dated from the earliest days of the Church. Only a handful of volumes survive from this period, though some are very significant. 1. When was the Vat formally opened?
2. what is the library for?
3. for what subjects?
4. and?
5. what was started in 2014?
6. how do scholars divide the library?
7. how many?
8. what is the official name of the Vat?
9. where is it?
10. how many printed books does it contain?
11. when were the Secret Archives moved from the rest of the library?
12. how many items are in this secret collection?
13. Can anyone use this library?
14. what must be requested to view?
15. what must be requested in person or by mail?
16. of what books?
17. What is the Vat the library of?
18. How many books survived the Pre Lateran period?
19. what is the point of the project started in 2014?
20. what will this allow?
numbered_answers:
1. It was formally established in 1475
2. research
3. history, and law
4. philosophy, science and theology
5. a project
6. into periods
7. five
8. The Vatican Apostolic Library
9. in Vatican City
10. 1.1 million
11. at the beginning of the 17th century;
12. 150,000
13. anyone who can document their qualifications and research needs.
14. unknown
15. Photocopies
16. only books published between 1801 and 1990
17. the Holy See
18. a handful of volumes
19. digitising manuscripts
20. them to be viewed online.