question: Labour runs a minority government in the Welsh Assembly under Carwyn Jones, is the largest opposition party in the Scottish Parliament and has twenty MEPs in the European Parliament, sitting in the Socialists and Democrats Group. The party also organises in Northern Ireland, but does not contest elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly. The Labour Party is a full member of the Party of European Socialists and Progressive Alliance, and holds observer status in the Socialist International. In September 2015, Jeremy Corbyn was elected Leader of the Labour Party.

The Labour Party's origins lie in the late 19th century, when it became apparent that there was a need for a new political party to represent the interests and needs of the urban proletariat, a demographic which had increased in number and had recently been given franchise. Some members of the trades union movement became interested in moving into the political field, and after further extensions of the voting franchise in 1867 and 1885, the Liberal Party endorsed some trade-union sponsored candidates. The first LibLab candidate to stand was George Odger in the Southwark by-election of 1870. In addition, several small socialist groups had formed around this time, with the intention of linking the movement to political policies. Among these were the Independent Labour Party, the intellectual and largely middle-class Fabian Society, the Marxist Social Democratic Federation and the Scottish Labour Party.
1. which party holds observer status in the Socialist International?
2. is it a partial member of the Party of European Socialists?
3. how many MEPs do they have?
4. do they run a majority government in the Welsh Assembly?
5. which century did they begin?
6. what person heads the minority government?
7. are they present in Norhtern Ireland?
8. who leads the Labour party?
9. as of when?
10. whose interests does Labour represent?
11. which party endorsed trade-union candidates?
12. who represented a combination of Liberals and Labour?
13. and the candidate who was Lib-Lab was who?
14. when was he elected?
15. where?
****
answer: 1. The Labour Party
2. No
3. twenty
4. No
5. 19th century
6. Carwyn Jones
7. Yes
8. Jeremy Corbyn
9. September 2015
10. urban proletariat
11. the Liberal Party
12. LibLab
13. George Odger
14. 1870
15. Southwark

Marxism is a form of socioeconomic analysis that explores class relations and societal conflict using a materialist interpretation of historical development and a dialectical view of social transformation it originates from the mid-to-late 19th century works of German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

Marxist methodology originally used a method of economic and sociopolitical inquiry known as historical materialism to analyze and critique the development of capitalism and the role of class struggle in systemic economic change. According to Marxist perspective, class conflict within capitalism arises due to intensifying contradictions between the highly productive mechanized and socialized production performed by the proletariat and the private ownership and appropriation of the surplus product (profit) by a small minority of the population who are private owners called the bourgeoisie. The contradiction between the forces and relations of production intensifies leading to crisis. The haute bourgeoisie and its managerial proxies are unable to manage the intensifying alienation of labor which the proletariat experiences, albeit with varying degrees of class consciousness, until social revolution ultimately results. The eventual long-term outcome of this revolution would be the establishment of socialism a socioeconomic system based on social ownership of the means of production, distribution based on one's contribution and production organized directly for use. As the productive forces and technology continued to advance, Marx hypothesized that socialism would eventually give way to a communist stage of social development, which would be a classless, stateless, humane society erected on common ownership and the principle: "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs". What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. What kind of inquiry was originally used by Marxism?
2. To do what?
3. What did it evaluate?
4. When did it originate?
5. Where ustralian philosophers responsible for the theory?
6. Which two philosophers are?
7. And the other?
8. Where are they from?
9. What are the private owners called?
10. Who provides the labor force?
11. What does tension between these two groups result in?
12. What eventually happens due to the disagreement between them?
13. And what occurs as a result of this?
14. Is that a form of economic system?
15. What is it rooted in?
16. Of what?
17. What quote from Marx is given in the passage?
18. How is how much a person is given decided?
19. What is another term for appropriation of the surplus product?
20. What view of social transformation is described?
Answer: 1. historical materialism
2. to analyze
3. capitalism
4. from the mid-to-late 19th century
5. No
6. One was Karl Marx
7. Friedrich Engels
8. Germany
9. the bourgeoisie
10. the proletariat
11. class conflict
12. social revolution
13. the establishment of socialism
14. Yes
15. social ownership
16. the means of production
17. "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs"
18. it's based on one's contribution
19. profit
20. a dialectical view

input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. Eight years ago, my 13-year-old son, Dustin, became very ill with a heart enlarged. For several months, he lived on life support as we were forced to stand by and watch him wither away. ks5u

While his friends were out playing baseball, and sleeping in their own beds, my son was in a hospital bed, attached to a machine that kept his heart beating. As a mother, my first reaction after crying was anger, and then I played the bargaining game: "Take my life for his, Lord. I've lived my life but he still has so much to do." People all around me were praying for a heart to become available, but it made me so angry and confused because I knew for that to happen, someone else's child would have to die. How could anyone pray for that?

I still remember so clearly the morning we got the call that there was a heart. As we stood in Dustin's hospital room watching them prepare him for surgery, we experienced the true definition of bittersweet. His dad and I realized that at the precise moment we were standing there with so much hope and so much love, another family somewhere was saying goodbye. We knelt down together and cried, and we prayed for them and we thanked them for giving such a selfless gift. To our amazement, just 10 days later, Dustin got to come home for the first time in many months. He had received a second chance at life. Over the next two years, he got to go to high school, learn to drive and put his brand new heart to good use volunteering at the homeless shelter and helping the elderly.

Dustin's new heart failed him when he was 16. A tragedy, yes, but we have to see it as the miracle it was. We received two precious years with him that we would never have had without organ donation. We have more pictures, more memories and a great satisfaction in knowing that he was able to experience some of the most exciting times and milestones in a teenager's life. When he died, difficult as it was for us, we knew that it would be Dustin's wish to give back. His eyes went to someone who wanted to see. Someone who, perhaps, had never seen the faces of the family he loved so dearly. I believe that one day I will look into the face of someone else's son or daughter, and I will see those sky blue eyes looking back at me -- the evidence of selfless giving. 1. who was on life support?
2. how old is Dustin?
3. who was forced?
4. forced to do what?
5. what was brand new?
6. who would have to die?
7. who was praying?
8. praying for what?
9. did a heart become available?
10. for who was the heart available to?
11. when did he get the heart?
12. did Dustin have heart surgery?
13. Was the surgery a success?
14. how did the surgery succeed?
15. when did Dustin come home?
16. what occurred 10 days later?
17. what did he do when he came home?
18. did he do anything else?
19. what else did he do?
numbered_answers:
1. Dustin
2. 13 years old
3. Dustin's family
4. stand by and watch him wither away
5. his heart
6. someone else's child
7. People all around
8. for a heart to become available
9. yes
10. Dustin
11. in the morning
12. yes
13. yes
14. by allowing Dustin to come home
15. 10 days later
16. Dustin got to come home
17. he went to high school
18. yes
19. he learned to drive