Answer the following question given this paragraph: Plasma membranes are primarily made up of phospholipids (orange). The hydrophilic ("water-loving") head and two hydrophobic ("water-hating") tails are shown. The phospholipids form a bilayer (two layers). The middle of the bilayer is an area without water. There can be water on either side of the bilayer. There are many proteins throughout the membrane. Q: What substances that primarily comprise plasma membranes form a bilayer? Choices: - amino acids - enzymes - steroids - phospholipids A:
phospholipids
Answer the following question given this paragraph: The diver has energy because of her position high above the pool. The type of energy she has is called potential energy. Potential energy is energy that is stored in a person or object. Often, the person or object has potential energy because of its position or shape. Q: What energy is stored in a person or object? Choices: - kinetic energy - mechanical energy - stored energy - potential energy A:
potential energy
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Detecting Electromagnetic Waves from Space A final note on star gazing. The entire electromagnetic spectrum is used by researchers for investigating stars, space, and time. As noted earlier, Penzias and Wilson detected microwaves to identify the background radiation originating from the Big Bang. Radio telescopes such as the Arecibo Radio Telescope in Puerto Rico and Parkes Observatory in Australia were designed to detect radio waves. Infrared telescopes need to have their detectors cooled by liquid nitrogen to be able to gather useful signals. Since infrared radiation is predominantly from thermal agitation, if the detectors were not cooled, the vibrations of the molecules in the antenna would be stronger than the signal being collected. The most famous of these infrared sensitive telescopes is the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope in Hawaii. The earliest telescopes, developed in the seventeenth century, were optical telescopes, collecting visible light. Telescopes in the ultraviolet, X-ray, and -ray regions are placed outside the atmosphere on satellites orbiting the Earth. The Hubble Space Telescope (launched in 1990) gathers ultraviolet radiation as well as visible light. In the X-ray region, there is the Chandra X-ray Observatory (launched in 1999), and in the -ray region, there is the new Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (launched in 2008taking the place of the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, 19912000. PhET Explorations: Color Vision Make a whole rainbow by mixing red, green, and blue light. Change the wavelength of a monochromatic beam or filter white light. View the light as a solid beam, or see the individual photons. Q: What is used for cooling detectors of infrared telescopes? Choices: - hand nitrogen - material nitrogen - carbon dioxide - liquid nitrogen A:
A: liquid nitrogen
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Electrical motors change electrical energy into mechanical energy. The motor consists of an electrical circuit with part of the wires inside a magnetic field. This can be seen below. Positive charges move through the circuit in the direction of the light purple arrows. When the charges move up through the part of the coil that is right next to the north pole, the right hand rule tells us that the wire suffers the force, F , pushing the wire in the direction of the blue arrow, toward the back of the sketch. On the other side of the coil, where the charges are moving down through the field, the right hand rule shows the force would push this side of the coil toward the front. These two forces are working together, rotating the coil in the direction of the circular red arrow. Q: An electrical motor changes electrical energy into what? Choices: - chemical energy - solar energy - thermal energy - mechanical energy A:
Answer: mechanical energy
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Figure 7.8 Following meiosis, each gamete has one copy of each chromosome. Nondisjunction occurs when homologous chromosomes (meiosis I) or sister chromatids (meiosis II) fail to separate during meiosis. Q: Each gamete will have one copy of each chromosome following which process involving cell division? Choices: - osmosis - genomes - mutations - meiosis A:
**Answer**
meiosis
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What is the attraction of a particular atom for the electrons of a covalent bond called? Choices: - conductivity - ionization - electromagnetism - electronegativity A:
**Answer**
electronegativity