Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Another measure of the effectiveness of a machine is its mechanical advantage. Mechanical advantage is the number of times a machine multiplies the input force. It can be calculated with the equation:. Q: Another measure of the effectiveness of a machine is its what? A:
OPTIONS:
- aesthetic effect
- cost benefit
- chemical advantage
- mechanical advantage
Answer: mechanical advantage

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Particles of matter have the most definite shape in what material state? A:
OPTIONS:
- plasma
- liquid
- gas
- solid
output: solid

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Mammals have the ability to regulate body temperature. This is an advantage, as Earth's climate went through sudden and dramatic changes. Mastodons, saber tooth tigers, hoofed mammals, whales, primates and eventually humans all lived during the Cenozoic Era ( Figure below ). Q: The ability to regulate what, which is possessed by mammals, was an advantage as earth's climate went through sudden and dramatic changes? A:

OPTIONS:
- mutations
- reflex behaviors
- hair growth
- body temperature

A: body temperature

input: OPTIONS:
- fermentation
- combustion
- liquidation
- condensation Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: pressure above the liquid. Molecules in the gas phase can collide with the liquid surface and reenter the liquid via condensation. Eventually, a steady state is reached in which the number of molecules evaporating and condensing per unit time is the same, and the system is in a state of dynamic equilibrium. Under these conditions, a liquid exhibits a characteristic equilibrium vapor pressure that depends only on the temperature. We can express the nonlinear relationship between vapor pressure and temperature as a linear relationship using the ClausiusClapeyron equation. This equation can be used to calculate the enthalpy of vaporization of a liquid from its measured vapor pressure at two or more temperatures. Volatile liquids are liquids with high vapor pressures, which tend to evaporate readily from an open container; nonvolatile liquids have low vapor pressures. When the vapor pressure equals the external pressure, bubbles of vapor form within the liquid, and it boils. The temperature at which a substance boils at a pressure of 1 atm is its normal boiling point. Q: Molecules in the gas phase can collide with the liquid surface and reenter the liquid via what? A:
A:
output: condensation

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The process in which an atom becomes an ion is called ionization. It may occur when atoms are exposed to high levels of radiation or when atoms transfer electrons to or from other atoms. Q: What process can occur when atoms are exposed to high levels of radiation or when atoms transfer electrons to or from other atoms? A:

OPTIONS:
- fusion
- diffusion
- oxidation
- ionization

Answer: ionization

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Located at intervals along the synaptonemal complex are large protein assemblies called recombination nodules. These assemblies mark the points of later chiasmata and mediate the multistep process of crossoveror genetic recombinationbetween the non-sister chromatids. Near the recombination nodule on each chromatid, the double-stranded DNA is cleaved, the cut ends are modified, and a new connection is made between the non-sister chromatids. As prophase I progresses, the synaptonemal complex begins to break down and the chromosomes begin to condense. When the synaptonemal complex is gone, the homologous chromosomes remain attached to each other at the centromere and at chiasmata. The chiasmata remain until anaphase I. The number of chiasmata varies according to the species and the length of the chromosome. There must be at least one chiasma per chromosome for proper separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I, but there may be as many as 25. Following crossover, the synaptonemal complex breaks down and the cohesin connection between homologous pairs is also removed. At the end of prophase I, the pairs are held together only at the chiasmata (Figure 11.3) and are called tetrads because the four sister chromatids of each pair of homologous chromosomes are now visible. The crossover events are the first source of genetic variation in the nuclei produced by meiosis. A single crossover event between homologous non-sister chromatids leads to a reciprocal exchange of equivalent DNA between a maternal chromosome and a paternal chromosome. Now, when that sister chromatid is moved into a gamete cell it will carry some DNA from one parent of the individual and some DNA from the other parent. The sister recombinant chromatid has a combination of maternal and paternal genes that did not exist before the crossover. Multiple crossovers in an arm of the chromosome have the same effect, exchanging segments of DNA to create recombinant chromosomes. Q: Dna segments cross over to form what kind of chromosome? A:

OPTIONS:
- mutated
- resistant
- autosome
- recombinant

A:
recombinant