Q: The Indian National Congress () (INC, often called Congress) is a broad-based political party in India. Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. From the late 19th-century, and especially after 1920, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement, with over 15 million members and over 70 million participants. The Congress led India to independence from Great Britain, and powerfully influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire.

The Congress is a secular party whose social liberal platform is generally considered on the centre-left of Indian politics. The Congress' social policy is based upon the Gandhian principle of Sarvodayathe lifting up of all sections of societywhich involves the improvement of the lives of economically underprivileged and socially marginalised people. The party primarily endorses social liberalism seeking to balance individual liberty and social justice, and secularism asserting the right to be free from religious rule and teachings.

After India's independence in 1947, the Congress formed the government at center in most instances, and many regional state governments. Congress became India's dominant political party; , in the 15 general elections since independence, it has won an outright majority on six occasions and has led the ruling coalition a further four times, heading the central government for 49 years. There have been seven Congress Prime Ministers, the first being Jawaharlal Nehru (194764), and the most recent Manmohan Singh (200414). Although it did not fare well in the last general elections in India in 2014, it remains one of two major, nationwide, political parties in India, along with the right-wing, Hindu nationalist, Bhartiya Janata Party (BJP). In the 2014 general election, the Congress had its poorest post-independence general election performance, winning only 44 seats of the 543-member Lok Sabha.

Answer the following questions:
1. What is INC?
2. Was INC ever independent?
3. Who did they break free from?
4. Who was the leader?
5. what happened in 1947?
6. How many prime ministers were there?
7. Who was the first one?
8. and the most recent one?
9. why did congress perform slowly in elections?
10. How many political parties are there in India?
11. what are they?
A: 1. Indian National Congress
2. yes
3. Great Britain
4. Mahatma Gandhi
5. India gained independence
6. seven
7. Jawaharlal Nehru
8. Manmohan Singh
9. unknown
10. two
11. Bhartiya Janata Party and Indian National Congress
Q: Imagine that you are the first person ever to see Hawaii. What would be the first thing you would set foot on? The beach, naturally. There are hundreds of miles of beaches on the twenty islands of Hawaii. These islands cover 1,600 miles and are about 2,300 miles west of California. Most of them are covered with fine white sand. They are thought to be among the finest beaches in the world. Another wonderful thing about the beaches of Hawaii is the water temperature. The year-round average temperature of the water at the famous Waikiki Beach is 230C! The same is true of air temperature. In fact, there are no real seasons in Hawaii. There is a difference of only two or three degrees between the hottest day of summer and the coldest day of winter. That's why the Hawaiians don't have a word for weather in their language. Perhaps the nicest thing about Hawaiian beaches are the waves. The earliest settlers in Hawaii, the Polynesians, quickly learned how much fun it was to ride the waves. They developed a sport which is now very popular on the islands called body surfing. You go out into the ocean, wait for a big wave to come towards you, jump on it, and ride it all the way to the beach. Now imagine once again that you are the first person ever to set foot in Hawaii. What do you think would be the second beautiful thing you would notice? Would it be those strange triangles rising out of the water hundreds and hundreds of meters high? What are those beautiful things? They are volcanoes , of course. These volcanoes are not just a part of the islands. They made the islands at first. Because of them the islands are still growing. The most famous volcano on Hawaii is Mauna Loa. It is the world's most active volcano. It has been erupting for thousands of years. Even when it isn't erupting, smoke comes out of the earth from a thousand little holes. In 1950 Mauna Loa erupted for twenty-three days. That erupting produced the greatest amount of lava in modern history. In 1960 it erupted again. That time it added a kilometer of beach to the island. Because Mauna Loa has erupted so often, it has become the biggest (but not the tallest) mountain in the world. These volcanoes could be dangerous to the population of Hawaii. In fact, Hilo, the second largest city in Hawaii, is built just under Mauna Loa. The volcano could erupt at any time. Most people believe that it will erupt sometime in the next twenty-five years. But the people of Hilo do not seem worried. They live with the danger as part of their lives.

Answer the following questions:
1. How many islands does Hawaii have?
2. How many miles of beaches?
3. how many miles west of California?
4. Do Hawaiian's have a word for weather?
5. who were the earliest settlers there?
6. are there strange circles coming out of the water?
7. What are the beautiful triangles?
8. How often does Mauna Loa erupt?
9. Is it the biggest mountain in the world?
10. Is it the tallest?
11. Are these volcanoes dangerous?
12. are the people of Hilo worried?
13. what do they live with as a part of their lives?
A: 1. 20
2. hundreds
3. 2300
4. no
5. Polynesians
6. no
7. volcanoes
8. 23 days
9. yes
10. no
11. yes
12. no
13. the danger
Q: Washington (CNN) -- The Pentagon general counsel threatened legal action Thursday against a former Navy SEAL who wrote a revealing book about last year's Osama bin Laden raid, warning him he has violated secrecy agreements and broken federal law.

In a letter addressed to "Mark Owen," the pen name of book author Matt Bissonnette, General Counsel Jeh Charles Johnson wrote the Pentagon is considering pursuing "all remedies legally available" against the former SEAL and his publisher, Penguin Putnam.

"In the judgment of the Department of Defense, you are in material breach and violation of the nondisclosure agreements you signed. Further public dissemination of your book will aggravate your breach and violation of your agreements," Johnson wrote.

The book is called "No Easy Day" and is a gripping account of the Navy SEAL raid on bin Laden's compound in Pakistan last year that ended in the death of the world's most notorious terrorist leader.

The story sheds more light on the now famous skill and daring of the SEALs. But the book's very existence stoked controversy because members of the elite unit don't usually divulge details of their operations.

The book is one of several accounts about the operation to have surfaced after last year's raid.

Buzz ramps up over SEAL's bin Laden book

Government officials only recently became aware the former SEAL was writing a book, but they were told it encompassed more than just the raid and included vignettes from training and other missions.

They wanted to see a copy, a Defense Department official said, to make sure no classified information would be released and to see if the book contained any information that might identify other team members.

Answer the following questions:
1. What is the name of the book in question?
2. What is the pen name on the book?
3. And the real author's name?
4. Who threatened him with legal action?
5. For violating what?
6. What raid is the book about?
7. What was Bissonette's former job?
8. Where did the raid on Bin Laden take place?
9. What happened to Bin Laden during that incident?
10. Was the book controversial?
11. Why?
12. Is there more than one account of the incident?
13. What's one reason the government wanted to see the book before it was released?
14. And what else
15. Who was considering going after him with all remedies legally available?
16. Were they only after Bissonnette?
17. Who else were they pursuing?
18. Which is?
19. Did Bissonnette sign a nondisclosure agreement?
20. What did the Department of Defense say further sales of the book would aggravate?
A:
1. No Easy Day
2. Mark Owen
3. Matt Bissonnette
4. the Department of Defense
5. the nondisclosure agreements he signed
6. last year's Osama bin Laden raid
7. Navy SEAL
8. in Pakistan
9. in his death
10. yes
11. members of the elite unit don't usually divulge details
12. yes
13. to make sure no classified information would be released
14. to see if the book contained any information that might identify other team members.
15. General Counsel Jeh Charles Johnson
16. no
17. his publisher
18. Penguin Putnam
19. yes
20. breach and violation of his agreements