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If water runs off the lawn, you likely have clay soil or a steep slope. Give the lawn half as much water as usual, wait one hour for water to drain, then give it the other half. Stick to this system for all areas where runoff is an issue. Heavy clay soils require even deeper and less frequent watering than a normal lawn. Aerating your lawn can help if your soil feels dense and compacted.. If your lawn wilts; turns a little grey, purple, or blue; or holds the impression of footprints, it's on the dry side. Increase the amount of water you give it each session. Dry lawns can also be caused by sandy soil, which drains too quickly for the lawn to absorb the water. Water sandy areas more often to make up for this, with less water per session. The best way to fight weeds is to maintain a good, thick and healthy turf with its own natural defenses. Most weeds can be treated with basic changes to your lawn care, such as a higher mowing height or a change in watering schedule. If weeds are still a problem, pull them by hand and seek advice from local gardeners and university extensions. Chemical herbicides should be a last resort due to the risks of pollution and damage to surrounding plants. If you decide to use an herbicide, always follow the label instructions exactly. Following local advice tailored to specific weeds will give best results. When choosing an herbicide for an existing weed problem, choose a postemergence herbicide. Selective herbicides kill specific species, while nonspecific herbicides will kill your lawn as well and must be applied very precisely. If you use a lawn spreader or other equipment to spread herbicide, traces may remain on the equipment and spread to other areas of the garden. If lawn grubs, beetles, or other pests are eating your lawn, the best approach is usually a change to your lawn care. A local university extension can help you fight pests local to your area and tell you which pests are actually harming your lawn. Pesticides and insecticides should be a last resort only, as they can kill beneficial soil microbes and earthworms. If you do decide to use them, follow label instructions exactly. Pesticides can also be dangerous for the person applying them. Wear protective equipment as instructed by the label. After application, wash your skin and clothing thoroughly before eating, drinking, or smoking. Thatch, the spongy layer of brown material atop the soil, can cause issues if allowed to grow past 0.5 inch (1.25cm) thick. Rent a thatch removal machine to break it apart, and leave the thatch to decompose on the lawn. Once the thatch is gone, topdress the lawn with a sprinkle of soil but always use the same soil the lawn was planted in. Remove the thatch in early fall or very early spring only. Do not remove thatch less than 0.5 inches (1.25 cm) thick. Thatch buildup can also be caused by poor drainage. Aerating the soil as described above can help. Contrary to popular belief, grass clippings do not contribute to thatch growth. In many areas, including most of the Eastern US and Midwest, soil is too acidic and needs a light annual sprinkling of pelletized calcium carbonate lime. For a more accurate approach, conduct a soil test and adjust pH until it is between 6.0 and 7.0. Your soil test kit may also indicate nutrient deficiencies, such as low phosphorus or iron, which can be adjusted with a different fertilizer or soil addition products. Any time of year is fine for liming. If your soil is too alkaline, lower the pH with sulfur gardening products. The practices above all help your lawn resist disease. If you see discolored grass or other signs of disease, try to identify the specific disease and ask a local expert for advice on lawn diseases in your area. There are a couple steps you can take that will help fight most diseases: Avoid excessive watering. The grass should never be soaked or swampy. Switch your watering schedule to after midnight or in the early morning. Water applied in the early evening does not go through evapotranspiration, and stands on the turf instead. This can promote fungus and diseases, such as red thread fungus in perennial rye. Shake off dew drops on the grass with a quick hose spray, or by dragging the hose over the top. Some "dew" is actually sugary water exuded by the plant, which microbes can feed on. Any time your lawn looks damaged, minimize the amount of foot and vehicle traffic until it returns to health. The same applies to lawns during frost, which are especially vulnerable.

summary: Deal with water runoff. Respond to drying lawns. Fight weeds. Fight insects and other pests. Prevent thatch buildup. Adjust soil pH and nutrients. Care for a diseased lawn. Reduce use of struggling lawns or lawns in winter.

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when they are four to six inches in height. Usually this will take about six weeks. The height and plant development are more important than the duration of the germination process. Make sure you have completed the proper soil preparation methods outlined above before transplanting your seedlings, including fertilizing the soil. Position plants to the same depth they were in pots/containers. Miniature varieties can be planted as close as one foot apart. For summer plantings, apply an organic mulch of compost, leaves, or bark to keep soil cool. For winter plantings, apply a black plastic covering to heat the soil.

summary: Transplant seedlings Water the bed thoroughly before setting out seedlings. Dig holes about three inches deep and space seedlings one to two feet apart. Regulate the soil temperature. Dampen the soil with a thorough watering after transplanting.

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Be sure to wash your hands thoroughly right before handling your earrings. This will prevent you from transferring bacteria to your ears with your fingers. Use an antibacterial soap to ensure that your hands are as clean as possible. Lather your hands with soap and wash them for a full 10-15 seconds to kill germs. Lather a mild soap between your fingers until it is foamy. Gently rub the soap onto the front and back of your piercings. Carefully wipe your ears with a clean, wet cloth to remove the soap. Ask your piercer to recommend a sea salt-based cleanser to care for your newly pierced ears. This will clean your piercings without over-drying the skin. Swab the front and back of your piercings with the cotton ball or swab saturated in the cleaning solution. There is no need to rinse your ears after applying the saline solution. Disinfecting your ear piercings will cut down the chance of infection and speed up the healing process. Dab rubbing alcohol or antibiotic ointment to your ears with a cotton ball or swab. Discontinue this after a few days, as prolonged of these treatments can dry the sites of your piercings and make it harder for them to heal. Grasp the back of your earrings and rotate them carefully right after cleaning the area. This will prevent the piercings from closing too tightly around the jewelry while they heal. You should only do this while your ears are still wet. Twisting your new piercings when your skin is dry may cause it to crack and bleed, resulting in a longer healing time.
summary: Wash your hands with antibacterial soap before touching your ears. Clean your ears twice a day with soap and water. Use a saline cleaning solution as an alternative to soap and water. Apply rubbing alcohol or an antibiotic ointment twice a day for 2-3 days. Rotate the earrings gently while the skin is still wet.