Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

This thinker's lecture notes and marginalia were collected in Manuscript Remains, and replied to Goethe's earlier treatise with his On Visions and Colours. "On the Basis of Morality" was one of the two essays in this thinker's Two Fundamental Problems of Ethics. His doctoral dissertation sets forth physical, logical, mathematical, and moral necessities as the title entity in On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason. He wrote an essay collection consisting of one volume of essays such as "Sketch of a History of the Doctrine of the Ideal and Real", and another volume of "Stray yet systematically arranged thoughts on a variety of subjects". One title concept of one of his works is how things present themselves through experience, while another is the world in itself, beyond how human knowledge can define it. For 10 points, name this author of Parerga and Paralipomenon and The World as Will and Idea.
Social Science