In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

One consequence of this theory is that the hyperbolic tangent of the sums of rapidities is equivalent to the sums of their hyperbolic tangents divided by one plus the product of their hyperbolic tangents. That equation closely parallels one concerning composition of velocities as a consequence of this theory. Transformation of coordinates in this theory is aided by Minkowski matrices which incorporate a factor equivalent to one over the square root of one minus beta squared. That factor divides the proper length to explain a phenomenon predicted in this theory and named for Lorentz and Fitzgerald. For 10 points, name this theory developed by Einstein describing length contraction and time dilation associated with objects traveling at near-light speeds.
Science