In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
One example is below.
Q: SECTION 1. LIABILITY OF BUSINESS ENTITIES PROVIDING USE OF FACILITIES
TO NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS.

(a) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) Business entity.--The term ''business entity'' means a
firm, corporation, association, partnership, consortium, joint
venture, or other form of enterprise.
(2) Facility.--The term ''facility'' means any real
property, including any building, improvement, or appurtenance.
(3) Gross negligence.--The term ''gross negligence'' means
voluntary and conscious conduct by a person with knowledge (at
the time of the conduct) that the conduct is likely to be
harmful to the health or well-being of another person.
(4) Intentional misconduct.--The term ''intentional
misconduct'' means conduct by a person with knowledge (at the
time of the conduct) that the conduct is harmful to the health
or well-being of another person.
(5) Nonprofit organization.--The term ''nonprofit
organization'' means--
(A) any organization described in section 501(c)(3)
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from
tax under section 501(a) of such Code; or
(B) any not-for-profit organization organized and
conducted for public benefit and operated primarily for
charitable, civic, educational, religious, welfare, or
health purposes.
(6) State.--The term ''State'' means each of the several
States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto
Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern
Mariana Islands, any other territory or possession of the
United States, or any political subdivision of any such State,
territory, or possession.
(b) Limitation on Liability.--
(1) In general.--Subject to subsection (c), a business
entity shall not be subject to civil liability relating to any
injury or death occurring at a facility of the business entity
in connection with a use of such facility by a nonprofit
organization if--
(A) the use occurs outside of the scope of business
of the business entity;
(B) such injury or death occurs during a period
that such facility is used by the nonprofit
organization; and
(C) the business entity authorized the use of such
facility by the nonprofit organization.
(2) Application.--This subsection shall apply--
(A) with respect to civil liability under Federal
and State law; and
(B) regardless of whether a nonprofit organization
pays for the use of a facility.
(c) Exception for Liability.--Subsection (b) shall not apply to an
injury or death that results from an act or omission of a business
entity that constitutes gross negligence or intentional misconduct,
including any misconduct that--
(1) constitutes a crime of violence (as that term is
defined in section 16 of title 18, United States Code) or act
of international terrorism (as that term is defined in section
2331 of title 18) for which the defendant has been convicted in
any court;
(2) constitutes a hate crime (as that term is used in the
Hate Crime Statistics Act (28 U.S.C. 534 note));
(3) involves a sexual offense, as defined by applicable
State law, for which the defendant has been convicted in any
court; or
(4) involves misconduct for which the defendant has been
found to have violated a Federal or State civil rights law.
(d) Superseding Provision.--
(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2) and subsection
(e), this Act preempts the laws of any State to the extent that
such laws are inconsistent with this Act, except that this Act
shall not preempt any State law that provides additional
protection from liability for a business entity for an injury
or death with respect to which conditions under subparagraphs
(A) through (C) of subsection (b)(1) apply.
(2) Limitation.--Nothing in this Act shall be construed to
supersede any Federal or State health or safety law.
(e) Election of State Regarding Nonapplicability.--This Act shall
not apply to any civil action in a State court against a business
entity in which all parties are citizens of the State if such State
enacts a statute--
(1) citing the authority of this subsection;
(2) declaring the election of such State that this Act
shall not apply to such civil action in the State; and
(3) containing no other provision.
A: Shields a business entity from civil liability relating to any injury or death occurring at a facility of that entity in connection with a use of such facility by a nonprofit organization if: (1) the use occurs outside the scope of business of the business entity; (2) such injury or death occurs during a period that such facility is used by such organization; and (3) the business entity authorized the use of such facility by the organization.
Makes this Act inapplicable to an injury or death that results from an act or omission of a business entity that constitutes gross negligence or intentional misconduct, including misconduct that: (1) constitutes a hate crime or a crime of violence or act of international terrorism for which the defendant has been convicted in any court; or (2) involves a sexual offense for which the defendant has been convicted in any court or misconduct for which the defendant has been found to have violated a Federal or State civil rights law.
Preempts State laws to the extent that such laws are inconsistent with this Act, except State law that provides additional protection from liability. Specifies that this Act shall not be construed to supersede any Federal or State health or safety law.
Makes this Act inapplicable to any civil action in a State court against a business entity in which all parties are citizens of the State if such State, citing this Act's authority and containing no other provision, enacts a statute declaring the State's election that this Act shall not apply to such action in the State.
Rationale: This Bill focuses on shielding business entities from civil liability relating to an injury or death depending on the conditions of injury, hence the generated summary is correct.
Q: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Viral Hepatitis Testing Act of
2011''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds the following:
(1) Approximately 5,300,000 Americans are chronically
infected with the hepatitis B virus (referred to in this
section as ''HBV''), the hepatitis C virus (referred to in this
section as ''HCV''), or both.
(2) In the United States, chronic HBV and HCV are the most
common cause of liver cancer, one of the most lethal and
fastest growing cancers in the United States. Chronic HBV and
HCV are the most common cause of chronic liver disease, liver
cirrhosis, and the most common indication for liver
transplantation. Chronic HCV is also a leading cause of death
in Americans living with HIV/AIDS, many of whom are coinfected
with chronic HBV, HCV, or both. At least 15,000 deaths per year
in the United States can be attributed to chronic HBV and HCV.
(3) According to the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (referred to in this section as the ''CDC''),
approximately 2 percent of the population of the United States
is living with chronic HBV, HCV, or both. The CDC has
recognized HCV as the Nation's most common chronic bloodborne
virus infection and HBV as the deadliest vaccine-preventable
disease.
(4) HBV is easily transmitted and is 100 times more
infectious than HIV. According to the CDC, HBV is transmitted
through percutaneous (i.e., puncture through the skin) or
mucosal contact with infectious blood or body fluids. HCV is
transmitted by percutaneous exposures to infectious blood.
(5) The CDC conservatively estimates that in 2008
approximately 18,000 Americans were newly infected with HCV and
more than 38,000 Americans were newly infected with HBV.
(6) There were 10 outbreaks reported to CDC for
investigation in 2009 related to healthcare acquired infection
of HBV and HCV. There were another 6,748 patients potentially
exposed to one of the viruses.
(7) Chronic HBV and chronic HCV usually do not cause
symptoms early in the course of the disease, but after many
years of a clinically ''silent'' phase, CDC estimates show more
than 33 percent of infected individuals will develop cirrhosis,
end-stage liver disease, or liver cancer. Since most
individuals with chronic HBV, HCV, or both are unaware of their
infection, they do not know to take precautions to prevent the
spread of their infection and can unknowingly exacerbate their
own disease progression.
(8) HBV and HCV disproportionately affect certain
populations in the United States. Although representing only 5
percent of the population, Asian and Pacific Islanders account
for over half of the 1,400,000 domestic chronic HBV cases. Baby
boomers (those born between 1945 and 1965) account for more
than 75 percent of domestic chronic HCV cases. In addition,
African-Americans, Latinos (Latinas), and American Indian/
Native Alaskans are among the groups which have
disproportionately high rates of HBV infections, HCV
infections, or both in the United States.
(9) For both chronic HBV and chronic HCV, behavioral
changes can slow disease progression if diagnosis is made
early. Early diagnosis, which is determined through simple
diagnostic tests, can reduce the risk of transmission and
disease progression through education and vaccination of
household members and other susceptible persons at risk.
(10) Advancements have led to the development of improved
diagnostic tests for viral hepatitis. These tests, including
rapid, point of care testing and others in development can
facilitate testing, notification of results and post-test
counseling, and referral to care at the time of the testing
visit. In particular, these tests are also advantageous because
they can be used simultaneously with HIV rapid testing for
persons at risk for both HCV and HIV infections.
(11) For those chronically infected with HBV or HCV,
regular monitoring can lead to the early detection of liver
cancer at a stage where a cure is still possible. Liver cancer
is the second deadliest cancer in the United States however,
liver cancer has received little funding for research,
prevention, or treatment.
(12) Treatment for chronic HCV can eradicate the disease in
approximately 75 percent of those currently treated. The
treatment of chronic HBV can effectively suppress viral
replication in the overwhelming majority (over 80 percent) of
those treated thereby reducing the risk of transmission and
progression to liver scarring or liver cancer even though a
complete cure is much less common than for HCV.
(13) To combat the viral hepatitis epidemic in the United
States, in May 2011, the Department of Health and Human
Services released, Combating the Silent Epidemic of Viral
Hepatitis: Action Plan for the Prevention, Care & Treatment of
Viral Hepatitis. The Institute of Medicine of the National
Academies produced a 2010 report on the Federal response to HBV
and HCV titled: Hepatitis and Liver Cancer: A National Strategy
for Prevention and Control of Hepatitis B and C. The
recommendations and guidelines provide a framework for HBV and
HCV prevention, education, control, research, and medical
management programs.
(14) The annual health care costs attributable to viral
hepatitis in the United States are significant. For HBV, it is
estimated to be approximately $2,500,000,000 ($2,000 per
infected person). In 2000, the lifetime cost of HBV--before the
availability of most of the current therapies--was
approximately $80,000 per chronically infected person, or more
than $100,000,000,000. For HCV, medical costs for patients are
expected to increase from $30,000,000,000 in 2009 to over
$85,000,000,000 in 2024. Avoiding these costs by screening and
diagnosing individuals earlier--and connecting them to
appropriate treatment and care will save lives and critical
health care dollars. Currently, without a comprehensive
screening, testing and diagnosis program, most patients are
diagnosed too late when they need a liver transplant costing at
least $314,000 for uncomplicated cases or when they have liver
cancer or end stage liver disease which costs between $30,980
to $110,576 per hospital admission. As health care costs
continue to grow, it is critical that the Federal Government
invests in effective mechanisms to avoid documented cost
drivers.
(15) According to the Institute of Medicine report in 2010
(described in paragraph (13)), chronic HBV and HCV infections
cause substantial morbidity and mortality despite being
preventable and treatable. Deficiencies in the implementation
of established guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and
medical management of chronic HBV and HCV infections perpetuate
personal and economic burdens. Existing grants are not
sufficient for the scale of the health burden presented by HBV
and HCV.
(16) Screening and testing for chronic HBV and HCV are
aligned with the Healthy People 2020 goal to increase
immunization rates and reduce preventable infectious diseases.
Awareness of disease and access to prevention and treatment
remain essential components for reducing infectious disease
transmission.
(17) Federal support is necessary to increase knowledge and
awareness of HBV and HCV and to assist State and local
prevention and control efforts in reducing the morbidity and
mortality of these epidemics.
(18) The Secretary of Health and Human Services has the
discretion to carry out this Act directly and through whichever
of the agencies of the Public Health Service the Secretary
determines to be appropriate, which may (in the Secretary's
discretion) include the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, the Health Resources and Services Administration,
the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration,
the National Institutes of Health (including the National
Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities), and other
agencies of such Service.

SEC. 3. REVISION AND EXTENSION OF HEPATITIS SURVEILLANCE, EDUCATION,
AND TESTING PROGRAM.

(a) In General.--Section 317N of the Public Health Service Act (42
U.S.C. 247b-15) is amended--
(1) by amending the heading to read as follows:
''surveillance, education, and testing regarding hepatitis
virus'';
(2) by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) as subsections
(d) and (e), respectively; and
(3) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
''(a) In General.--The Secretary shall, in accordance with this
section, carry out surveillance, education, and testing programs with
respect to hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections (referred to in
this section as 'HBV' and 'HCV', respectively). The Secretary may carry
out such programs directly and through grants to public and nonprofit
private entities, including States, political subdivisions of States,
territories, Indian tribes, and public-private partnerships.
''(b) National System.--In carrying out subsection (a), the
Secretary shall cooperate with States and other public or nonprofit
private entities to seek to establish a national system with respect to
HBV and HCV with the following goals:
''(1) To determine the incidence and prevalence of such
infections, including providing for the reporting of chronic
cases.
''(2) With respect to the population of individuals who
have such an infection, to carry out testing programs to
increase the number of individuals who are aware of their
infection to 50 percent by 2014 and to 75 percent by 2016.
''(3) To develop and disseminate public information and
education programs for the detection and control of such
infections, with priority given to changing behaviors that
place individuals at risk of infection.
''(4) To provide appropriate referrals for counseling and
medical treatment of infected individuals and to ensure, to the
extent practicable, the provision of appropriate follow-up
services.
''(5) To improve the education, training, and skills of
health professionals in the detection, control, and treatment
of such infections, with priority given to pediatricians and
other primary care physicians, and obstetricians and
gynecologists.
''(c) High-Risk Populations; Chronic Cases.--
''(1) In general.--The Secretary shall determine the
populations that, for purposes of this section, are considered
at high-risk for HBV or HCV. The Secretary shall include the
following among those considered at high-risk:
''(A) For HBV, individuals born in countries in
which 2 percent or more of the population has HBV.
''(B) For HCV, individuals born between 1945 and
1965.
''(C) Those who have been exposed to the blood of
infected individuals or of high-risk individuals, are
family members of such individuals, or are sexual
partners of such individuals.
''(2) Priority in programs.--In providing for programs
under subsection (b), the Secretary shall give priority--
''(A) to early diagnosis of chronic cases of HBV or
HCV in high-risk populations under paragraph (1); and
''(B) to education, and referrals for counseling
and medical treatment, for individuals diagnosed under
subparagraph (A) in order to--
''(i) reduce their risk of dying from end-
stage liver disease and liver cancer, and of
transmitting the infection to others;
''(ii) determine the appropriateness for
treatment to reduce the risk of progression to
cirrhosis and liver cancer;
''(iii) receive ongoing medical management,
including regular monitoring of liver function
and screenings for liver cancer;
''(iv) receive, as appropriate, drug,
alcohol abuse, and mental health treatment;
''(v) in the case of women of childbearing
age, receive education on how to prevent HBV
perinatal infection, and to alleviate fears
associated with pregnancy or raising a family;
and
''(vi) receive such other services as the
Secretary determines to be appropriate.
''(3) Cultural context.--In providing for services pursuant
to paragraph (2) for individuals who are diagnosed under
subparagraph (A) of such paragraph, the Secretary shall seek to
ensure that the services are provided in a culturally and
linguistically appropriate manner.''.
(b) Coordination of Development of Federal Screening Guidelines.--
(1) References.--For purposes of this subsection, the term
''CDC Director'' means the Director of the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, and the term ''AHRQ Director'' means
the Director of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
(2) HCV guidelines; centers for disease control and
prevention.--
(A) In general.--Not later than March 1, 2012, the
CDC Director shall complete the revision of the
guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention for screening individuals for the hepatitis
C virus infection (in this section referred to as
''HCV''), and shall transmit a copy of the guidelines
to the AHRQ Director. The scope of the revised
guidelines shall include testing for HCV that is
carried out under section 317N of the Public Health
Service Act (42 U.S.C. 247b-15), as amended by
subsection (a).
(B) Certain factors.--In revising guidelines
pursuant to subparagraph (A), the CDC Director shall
take into account--
(i) the effectiveness issues that have been
raised with respect to the current guidelines
of the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention for screenings for HCV;
(ii) the importance of responding to the
perception that receiving such screenings may
be stigmatizing; and
(iii) whether age-based screenings would be
effective, considering the use of that approach
in breast and colon cancer screenings.
(3) Agency for healthcare research and quality.--
(A) HCV guidelines.--The AHRQ Director shall, in
developing the recommendations for screenings for HCV
that the AHRQ Director will provide to the Preventive
Services Task Force under section 915(a) of the Public
Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 299b-4(a)), take into
account--
(i) the guidelines established pursuant to
paragraph (2) by the CDC Director; and
(ii) new and improved treatments for HCV.
(B) HBV guidelines.--The AHRQ Director shall, in
developing the recommendations for screenings for the
hepatitis B virus infection (in this section referred
to as ''HBV'') that the AHRQ Director will provide to
the Preventive Services Task Force referred to in
subparagraph (A), take into account the guidelines for
screenings for HBV that the CDC Director recommended in
2008.
(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Subsection (e) of section
317N of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 247b-15), as
redesignated by subsection (a)(2) of this section, is amended to read
as follows:
''(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--
''(1) In general.--For the purpose of testing, education,
and referrals under this section, there are authorized to be
appropriated $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2012, $35,000,000 for
fiscal year 2013, $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2014, and
$15,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2015 and 2016.
''(2) Grants.--Of the amounts appropriated under paragraph
(1) for a fiscal year, the Secretary shall reserve not less
than 80 percent for making grants under subsection (a).''.
(d) Savings Provision.--The amendments made by this section shall
not be construed to require termination of any program or activity
carried out by the Secretary of Health and Human Services under section
317N of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 247b-15) as in effect
on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act.
A:
Viral Hepatitis Testing Act of 2011 - Amends the Public Health Service Act to require the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to carry out surveillance, education, and testing programs with respect to hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) virus infections.

Requires the Secretary to establish a national system with respect to HBV and HCV to: (1) determine the prevalence of such infections, (2) carry out testing programs to increase the number of individuals who are aware of their infection, (3) disseminate public information and education programs for the detection and control of such infections, (4) provide referrals for counseling and medical treatment and ensure the provision of follow-up services, and (5) improve the training of health professionals in the treatment of such infections. Directs the Secretary to determine the populations that are considered at high risk.

Requires the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to complete the revision of CDC guidelines for screening individuals with HCV, taking into account: (1) the effectiveness issues that have been raised with respect to the current CDC guidelines for screening, (2) the importance of responding to the perception that receiving such screening may be stigmatizing, and (3) whether age-based screening would be effective.

Requires the Director of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) to: (1) develop HCV screening recommendations, taking into account the guidelines established by CDC and new and improved treatments for HCV; and (2) develop HBV screening recommendations, taking into account the guidelines the CDC recommended in 2008.