Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

1,8-Cineole, the main monoterpene in many essential oils, has been used as an ingredient in flavourings and medicine. 1,8-Cineole has been shown to possess pharmacological properties, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive actions. However, to date, no studies have examined the potential of 1,8-cineole to protect against cerebral ischaemic injury.', 'In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of 1,8-cineole against cortical neuronal/glial cell injury caused by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in an in-vitro model of ischaemia.', '1,8-Cineole significantly attenuated OGD/R-induced cortical cell injury, as well as reduced n-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-induced cell injury. However, it did not inhibit NMDA-induced cytosolic calcium overload. Nevertheless, 1,8-cineole significantly reduced the OGD/R- and NMDA-induced overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These results indicate that 1,8-cineole exerts neuroprotection through its anti-oxidative rather than its anti-excitotoxic, properties. The decrease in OGD/R-induced intracellular superoxide in 1,8-cineole-treated cortical cells was associated with the upregulation of superoxide dismutase activity. Moreover, 1,8-cineole showed direct ROS scavenging activity in an assay of oxygen radical absorbance capacity.
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Rush immunotherapy (RIT) presents an attractive alternative to standard immunotherapy. However, RIT carries a much greater risk of acute allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis.', 'We hypothesized that omalizumab, a humanized monoclonal anti-IgE antibody, would be effective in enhancing both safety and efficacy of RIT.', 'Adult patients with ragweed allergic rhinitis were enrolled in a 3-center, 4-arm, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial. Patients received either 9 weeks of omalizumab (0.016 mg/kg/IgE [IU/mL]/mo) or placebo, followed by 1-day rush (maximal dose 1.2-4.0 mug Amb a 1) or placebo immunotherapy, then 12 weeks of omalizumab or placebo plus immunotherapy.', 'Of the 159 patients enrolled, 123 completed all treatments. Ragweed-specific IgG levels increased >11-fold in immunotherapy patients, and free IgE levels declined >10-fold in omalizumab patients. Patients receiving omalizumab plus immunotherapy had fewer adverse events than those receiving immunotherapy alone. Post hoc analysis of groups receiving immunotherapy demonstrated that addition of omalizumab resulted in a 5-fold decrease in risk of anaphylaxis caused by RIT (odds ratio, 0.17; P = .026). On an intent-to-treat basis, patients receiving both omalizumab and immunotherapy showed a significant improvement in severity scores during the ragweed season compared with those receiving immunotherapy alone (0.69 vs 0.86; P = .044).
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Comparison of the efficacy of tropicamide eyedrops to the combination of 0.5% tropicamide and 5% phenylephrine eyedrops in order to achieve a proper dilation in premature infants undergoing screening for retinopathy of prematurity.', 'A prospective, randomized, double-blind study was conducted to compare the efficacy of two mydriatic regimens: one regimen consisting of three drops of 0.5% tropicamide (TTT regimen), the other regimen consisting of one drop of 5% phenylephrine and two drops of 0.5% tropicamide (PTT regimen). Thirty premature infants were enrolled and received both mydriatic regimens: one regimen in each eye. Outcomes were pupil dilation evaluated by the percentage of pupil diameter over cornea diameter, the percentage of pupil surface over cornea surface and the quality of the eye fundus examination.', 'The percentage of pupil diameter over cornea diameter was 47.3% (8.7) with the TTT regimen and 65.9% (8.8) with the PTT regimen (p<0.0001). The percentage of pupil surface over cornea surface was 23.1% (8.3) with the TTT regimen and 43.8% (7.3) with the PTT regimen (p<0.0001). Thus, the pupil surface area was 1.9 times greater with the PTT than with the TTT regimen. Visualization of the retinal periphery was possible for 30 of 30 eyes dilated with the PTT regimen and for 16 of 30 eyes dilated with the TTT regimen (p<0.0001).
1