Article: In determining whether the use of copyrighted material is considered "fair," courts consider the purpose and character of the use. If the material is used in a way that is transformative, meaning that it alters the fundamental character of the original work, the use is considered fair. However, if the new version merely copies or supersedes the original work, then the use is not fair. For example, a poet who uses a line from a T.S. Eliot poem in her own poem is likely within the doctrine of "fair use" because she is using it to create a new poem. The purpose for which you use the copyrighted work is also critical. Generally, the following uses are deemed "fair use" of copyrighted material: Criticism and comment-- for example, while copying a song lyric is generally not permitted, it may be considered "fair use" if reproduced within the context of a music review. News reporting Research and scholarship Non-profit educational use-- for example, photocopying of limited portions of written works by teachers for classroom use. Parody Another factor courts consider is the nature of the copyrighted work. Certain types of works, like unpublished or highly creative works, are protected more closely. Therefore, your use of such works is more likely to violate copyright law. Determine whether the work you want to use is published or unpublished. If only a few copies were made and it was never intended for public distribution, it is likely unpublished and any use of it could be risky. Ask yourself if the work is highly creative or purely factual. If you choose to take material from a work that is highly creative, like a poem or a song, you are more likely to violate copyright law. Courts also consider the amount of the copyrighted work that was used and the relative importance of that section to the work as a whole. For example, copying a few lines from a novel could be safely within fair use unless those lines are critical to the heart of the overall work. On the other hand, even copying one line of a song might violate copyright law because the total content of the song is so short. A final factor courts consider is the impact of your use on the existing and potential market value of the original work. Ask yourself: will your use of the copyrighted work deprive the owner of the copyright of a significant source of potential or existing income? For example, a sculptor used copyrighted photographs to create sculptures and sold them for several hundred thousand dollars. Even though the sculptor used the photographs in a way that was entirely new, a court found the sculptor had violated copyright law by depriving the photographer of a potential market that existed for his photographs.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Create something new rather than copying. Use only for certain purposes. Consider the nature of the copyrighted work. Restrict your use to a small and relatively insignificant portion of the copyrighted work. Evaluate how your use will affect the value of the original work.
Article: Races take a lot of money to enter, so to race, you'll need money. You may be able to find sponsors if you're good enough. You might also be able to enter with a team if they recognize your talent and pay your entrance fee. However, both of those options require that you already be established as a race car driver with talent. Nonetheless, local races cost a great deal less. For instance, you may get away with a couple hundred dollars per day at a local race. Even for local SCCA races, you need your own race car. You can rent one if you don't want to buy one right away, but rental prices are also high. Your local chapter, specifically your Competition Chairman, can tell you where you can rent a car. You'll have other costs, as well, including your racing suit and helmet, which can cost thousands for custom gear. However, you should be able to find suits for much cheaper. Your gear will need to be approved by the SCCA before entering a race. The entry packet will specify exactly what you need for the race, the time you need to appear, and any other classes you may need to attend beforehand. Just like in any race, you need someone who can maintain your car during the race. You can hire a local mechanic to come with you. Just ask at a local shop. You can also contact your SCCA to find a mechanic. When you enter high-end races, you'll need spare parts (enough to build two more cars), numerous sets of tires, as you'll burn through them, and a huge amount of fuel, as you can burn as much as 21 gallons per 60 miles. Just like any sport, you have to practice hard and often. Some drivers practice up to 7 days a week. Race car drivers train by putting hours in at the track, but they also use simulators to hone their skills. In addition, expect to do some physical training--running, weight-lifting, or swimming--to get yourself in top physical condition. Go through a lap in real-time in your head while you're waiting for the race to start. It helps calm you and prepares you for the drive.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Find money for the race. Buy or rent a race car. Buy racing gear. Read the entry packet. Bring a mechanic with you. Understand the additional costs. Be ready to train. Take some time to visualize.
Article: It's a green app that contains a white phone icon inside a white text bubble. It's an icon of overlapping text bubbles at the bottom of the screen. Select the chat with the attachment you wish to download. Select the attachment you wish to download. It's the square containing an upward-pointing arrow in the lower-left corner of the screen. The attachment has been saved to your iOS device.
Question: What is a summary of what this article is about?
Open the WhatsApp app. Tap Chats. Tap a chat. Tap an attachment. Tap the "Share" icon. Tap Save.