In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.

the presence or absence of a dose-response relationship. Defendant memorandum (doc. 585), at 1, 20. Dr. Kramer is an epidemiologist, having received a Ph.D. in the same from the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health in 1979. Expert Report of Kramer, submitted as plaintiff ex. 016185, at 6. "Epidemiology, a field that concerns itself with finding the causal nexus between external factors and disease, is generally considered to be the best evidence of causation in toxic tort actions." Rider v. Sandoz Pharmaceuticals Corp., 295 F.3d 1194, 1198 (11th Cir.2002). In Rider, the Eleventh Circuit added that "[t]his Court has long held that epidemiology is not required to prove causation in a toxic tort case." Id., at 1199; citing Wells v. Ortho Pharm. Corp., 788 F.2d 741, 745 (11th Cir.1986) (<HOLDING>). Although she performed no independent studies
Holding statements: (A) holding that a causeeffect relationship need not be clearly established by animal or epidemiological studies (B) holding that agreements established agency relationship (C) holding the right to record police activity on public property was not clearly established (D) holding that clearly established law is construed as supreme court or tenth circuit decisions on point or the clearly established weight of authority from other courts (E) holding coleman injunction is not clearly established law
(A)