Answer the following question given this paragraph: Introduction Each somatic cell in the body generally contains the same DNA. A few exceptions include red blood cells, which contain no DNA in their mature state, and some immune system cells that rearrange their DNA while producing antibodies. In general, however, the genes that determine whether you have green eyes, brown hair, and how fast you metabolize food are the same in the cells in your eyes and your liver, even though these organs function quite differently. If each cell has the same DNA, how is it that cells or organs are different? Why do cells in the eye differ so dramatically from cells in the liver? Whereas each cell shares the same genome and DNA sequence, each cell does not turn on, or express, the same set of genes. Each cell type needs a different set of proteins to perform its function. Therefore, only a small subset of proteins is expressed in a cell. For the proteins to be expressed, the DNA must be transcribed into RNA and the RNA must be translated into protein. In a given cell type, not all genes encoded in the DNA are transcribed into RNA or translated into protein because specific cells in our body have specific functions. Specialized proteins that make up the eye (iris, lens, and cornea) are only expressed in the eye, whereas the specialized proteins in the heart (pacemaker cells, heart muscle, and valves) are only expressed in the heart. At any given time, only a subset of all of the genes encoded by our DNA are expressed and translated into proteins. The expression of specific genes is a highly regulated process with many levels and stages of control. This complexity ensures the proper expression in the proper cell at the proper time. Q: Whereas each cell shares the same genome and dna sequence, each cell does not turn on, or express, the same set of what? Choices: - babies - eggs - balls - genes A:
genes
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Natural Methods of Asexual Reproduction Natural methods of asexual reproduction include strategies that plants have developed to self-propagate. Many plantslike ginger, onion, gladioli, and dahliacontinue to grow from buds that are present on the surface of the stem. In some plants, such as the sweet potato, adventitious roots or runners can give rise to new plants Figure 32.25. In Bryophyllum and kalanchoe, the leaves have small buds on their margins. When these are detached from the plant, they grow into independent plants; or, they may start growing into independent plants if the leaf touches the soil. Some plants can be propagated through cuttings alone. Q: Natural methods of asexual reproduction, such as cuttings or budding, include strategies that plants have developed to perform what? Choices: - multi-propagation - mono-propagation - iso-propagation - self-propagation A:
self-propagation
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Birth Prior to birth, the lungs are filled with amniotic fluid, mucus, and surfactant. As the fetus is squeezed through the birth canal, the fetal thoracic cavity is compressed, expelling much of this fluid. Some fluid remains, however, but is rapidly absorbed by the body shortly after birth. The first inhalation occurs within 10 seconds after birth and not only serves as the first inspiration, but also acts to inflate the lungs. Pulmonary surfactant is critical for inflation to occur, as it reduces the surface tension of the alveoli. Preterm birth around 26 weeks frequently results in severe respiratory distress, although with current medical advancements, some babies may survive. Prior to 26 weeks, sufficient pulmonary surfactant is not produced, and the surfaces for gas exchange have not formed adequately; therefore, survival is low. Q: Prior to birth, the lungs are filled with amniotic fluid, mucus, and what else? Choices: - blood - plasma - air - surfactant A:
A: surfactant
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The trachea , or wind pipe, is a long tube that leads down to the chest. Q: What's the other term for your wind pipe? Choices: - cornea - cochlea - esophagus - trachea A:
Answer: trachea
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: 3.1 | Synthesis of Biological Macromolecules By the end of this section, you will be able to: Understand the synthesis of macromolecules Explain dehydration (or condensation) and hydrolysis reactions As you've learned, biological macromolecules are large molecules, necessary for life, that are built from smaller organic molecules. There are four major classes of biological macromolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids); each is an important cell component and performs a wide array of functions. Combined, these molecules make up the majority of a cell's dry mass (recall that water makes up the majority of its complete mass). Biological macromolecules are organic, meaning they contain carbon. In addition, they may contain hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and additional minor elements. Q: The four major classes of biological macromolecules include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and what else? Choices: - liquids - fats - structural acids - nucleic acids A:
**Answer**
nucleic acids
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Methyl groups are found within amino acids. Q: Methyl groups are found within what? Choices: - rna acids - DNA molecules - peptide chains - amino acids A:
amino acids