Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The organs of Corti contain hair cells, which are named for the hair-like stereocilia extending from the cell's apical surfaces (Figure 14.8). The stereocilia are an array of microvilli-like structures arranged from tallest to shortest. Protein fibers tether adjacent hairs together within each array, such that the array will bend in response to movements of the basilar membrane. The stereocilia extend up from the hair cells to the overlying tectorial membrane, which is attached medially to the organ of Corti. When the pressure waves from the scala move the basilar membrane, the tectorial membrane slides across the stereocilia. This bends the stereocilia either toward or away from the tallest member of each array. When the stereocilia bend toward the tallest member of their array, tension in the protein tethers opens ion channels in the hair cell membrane. This will depolarize the hair cell membrane, triggering nerve impulses that travel down the afferent nerve fibers attached to the hair cells. When the stereocilia bend toward the shortest member of their array, the tension on the tethers slackens and the ion channels close. When no sound is present, and the stereocilia are standing straight, a small amount of tension still exists on the tethers, keeping the membrane potential of the hair cell slightly depolarized. Q: When the pressure waves from the scala move the basilar membrane, the tectorial membrane slides across the what? A:

OPTIONS:
- dendrites
- keratin
- cytoplasm
- stereocilia

A: stereocilia

input: OPTIONS:
- trophoblast
- an nucleus
- an produce
- an embryo Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: After implantation occurs, the blastocyst is called an embryo . The embryonic stage lasts through the eighth week following fertilization. During this time, the embryo grows in size and becomes more complex. It develops specialized cells and tissues and starts to form most organs. For an interactive animation of embryonic development, go to this link: http://health. howstuffworks. com/adam-200129. htm . Q: What is the blastocyst called after implantation? A:
A:
output: an embryo

Answer the following question given this paragraph: In biology, energy is required for ecosystems to survive, as all living organisms need energy. Within an organism, energy is needed for growth and development of a biological cell or an organelle within that cell. Energy is also needed for all biochemical reactions within that cell. Therefore, energy is stored within cells in the chemical bonds of substances such as carbohydrates (including sugars), lipids, and proteins. This energy is released during aerobic respiration. Q: In biology, what is required for ecosystems to survive? A:

OPTIONS:
- helium
- space
- minerals
- energy

Answer: energy

Problem: OPTIONS:
- diatoms
- fungus
- plankton
- giardia
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Giardia are flagellate protozoa that cause giardiasis . The parasites enter the body through food or water that has been contaminated by feces of infected people or animals. The protozoa attach to the lining of the host's small intestine, where they prevent the host from fully absorbing nutrients. They may also cause diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever. A picture of a Giardia protozoan opens this concept. Q: What are flagellate protozoa that cause giardiasis? A:
Answer: giardia

Problem:OPTIONS:
- interspecies competition
- natural selection
- extinction
- intraspecific competition

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Intraspecific competition happens when members of the same species compete for the same resources. For example, two trees may grow close together and compete for light. One may out-compete the other by growing taller to get more available light. As members of the same species are usually genetically different, they have different characteristics, and in this example, one tree grows taller than the other. The organism that is better adapted to that environment is better able to survive. The other organism may not survive. In this example, it is the taller tree that is better adapted to the environment. Q: When members of the same species compete for the same resources, it is called what? A:
****
A: intraspecific competition

Problem:OPTIONS:
- during electrolysis
- before meiosis
- after meiosis
- during meiosis

Answer the following question given this paragraph: During meiosis, homologous chromosomes separate and go to different gametes. Thus, the two alleles for each gene also go to different gametes. At the same time, different chromosomes assort independently. As a result, alleles for different genes assort independently as well. In these ways, alleles are shuffled and recombined in each parent's gametes. Q: When do homologous chromosomes separate and go to different gametes? A:
****
A:
during meiosis