Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Ex Input:
To assess the therapeutic effects of flexible magnets on pain perception, intramuscular swelling, range of motion, and muscular strength in individuals with a muscle microinjury.', 'This experiment was a single-blind, placebo study using a repeated-measures design. Subjects performed an intense exercise protocol to induce a muscle microinjury. After pretreatment measurements were recorded, subjects were randomly assigned to an experimental (magnet), placebo (imitation magnet), or control (no magnet) group. Posttreatment measurements were repeated at 24, 48, and 72 hours.', 'Forty-five healthy subjects participated in the study.', 'Subjects were measured repeatedly for pain perception, upper arm girth, range of motion, and static force production. Four separate univariate analyses of variances were used to reveal statistically significant mean (+/-SD) differences between variables over time. Interaction effects were analyzed using Scheffe post hoc analysis.', 'Analysis of variance revealed no statistically significant (P > .05) mean differences between conditions for any dependent pretreatment and posttreatment measurements. No significant interaction effects were demonstrated between conditions and times.

Ex Output:
Are flexible magnets effective in decreasing pain perception and recovery time after muscle microinjury?

Ex Input:
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4) is a liver enriched transcription factor and is indispensable for liver development. However, the role of HNF4 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression remains to be elucidated. We report that reduced HNF4 expression correlated well with the aggressive clinicopathological characteristics of HCC and predicted poor prognosis of patients. HNF4 levels were even lower in metastatic HCCs, and ectopic HNF4 expression suppressed the metastasis of hepatoma cells both in vitro and in vivo. Forced HNF4 expression attenuated the expression and nuclear translocation of RelA (p65) and impaired NF-B activation through an IKK-independent mechanism. Blockage of RelA robustly attenuated the suppressive effect of HNF4 on hepatoma cell metastasis. MicroRNA (miR)-7 and miR-124 were transcriptionally up-regulated by HNF4, which repressed RelA expression by way of interaction with RelA-3' untranslated region (UTR). In addition, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B) up-regulated the expression of miR-21 in hepatoma cells, resulting in decreased HNF4 levels through down-regulating HNF4-3'UTR activity.

Ex Output:
Does hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-nuclear factor-B feedback circuit modulate liver cancer progression?

Ex Input:
Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway activation may promote neuronal survival via neuroprotection during inflammation after cerebral ischemia. In this study, we investigated whether IV pretreatment with emulsified isoflurane (EI) could decrease ischemic brain injury related to the PI3K/Akt pathway.', 'Male Sprague-Dawley rats received different doses of IV EI (1, 2, 4, or 8 mL/kg/h) or Intralipid (8 mL/kg/h) for 30 minutes (n = 6-12 per group), followed by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 100 minutes to induce transient focal ischemia. The neurologic score and infarct volume were measured 48 hours after MCAO. Immunostaining, Western blot analysis, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to assess EI effects on the cell inflammatory response, high-mobility group box-1 release, and phosphorylated Akt (expression. LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, was also infused into the ventricular space before EI to determine the effect of EI.', 'Four milliliters per kilogram per hour of EI reduced the infarct size (21.08 11.24 vs 37.09 10.46, P = 0.006), improved neurologic scores after MCAO (1.13 0.48 vs 1.95 0.65, P = 0.015), significantly reinforced neuronal survival (982.7 364.4 vs 439.8 278.4, P = 0.036), and inhibited CD68 macrophage/macroglial infiltration in the ischemic core (188.2 49.1 vs 282 49.4, P = 0.018) compared with the vehicle group. In the EI pretreatment group, the serum high-mobility group box-1 concentration (3.62 0.72 vs 5.73 0.65, P < 0.001) was decreased, and the cerebral phosphorylated Akt level (50.33 4.73 vs 37.5 3.11, P = 0.007) was increased at 48 hours, which was inhibited by LY294002 compared with the vehicle group (5.31 0.72 vs 5.73 0.65, P = 0.216; 43.00 4.84 vs 37.5 3.11, P = 0.091).

Ex Output:
Does emulsified Isoflurane protect Against Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia Injury in Rats via the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway?