In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

[EX Q]: In 1999, McIlroy created an adversary for this algorithm that guarantees that it will run in worst-case time. Its worst-case runtime can be avoided by switching to heapsort after a certain recursion depth, a construction known as introsort. Like mergesort, it is easily parallelizable, and its runtime can be decreased by first selecting the median of the unsorted input list. It was invented by C.A.R. Hoare, and its second phase is the partition function, which splits the original list into lists of elements that are greater or less than the chosen pivot value. For 10 points, identify this divide-and-conquer sorting algorithm which runs in big O of n log n time, named for its speed.
[EX A]: Science

[EX Q]: This man painted a satyr hanging from a tree with his panpipes, while in another of his works, cherubs sit atop a black cloud while Saint Peter sits below next to the Virgin Mary. This artist of The Flaying of Marsyas and The Pesaro Madonna painted (*) cheetahs drawing Bacchus's chariot as he leaps out to protect Ariadne. This artist painted Cupid reaching into a sarcophagus while a bride in white sits opposite Venus in his Sacred and Profane Love. His most famous work shows a dog sleeping on a white sheet beside the title goddess. For 10 points, what Renaissance artist depicted Venus lying on her side in Venus of Urbino
[EX A]: Fine Arts

[EX Q]: This work's manuscript ends with the phrase Soli deo Gloria, after the composer completed the work in less than a month with a libretto by Charles Jennens. This work's fourth scene contains a pifa, or a pastoral symphony, before the "Annunciation to the Shepherds." Songs from this work include "The trumpet shall sound" and "I know that my Redeemer liveth," as well as a section that George II apocryphally stood at the sound of. For 10 points, name this oratorio by Georg Friedrich Handel about the life of Jesus Christ, typically performed around Christmas.
[EX A]:
Fine Arts