In one sentence, describe what the following article is about: To a certain degree, you may be limited by where you can place larger appliances. Make these considerations first and use what flexibility you may have to get a placement that works for you. For example, stoves and ovens may need to be hooked up to gas or electric power, refrigerators will need electricity and sinks will need to be near the existing plumbing. However, you can of course spend money to have a contractor move existing electrical, gas lines, and plumbing. This is, however, often very expensive. Once you know where large appliances must go, you can begin to consider where you would like your cabinetry placed. Keep windows in mind when placing upper cabinets and storage solutions in mind when designing your lower cabinets. Certain types of storage should go next to certain types of appliances. For example, pots and pans should go next to the oven and stove and cleaning supplies should go near a sink. You will need to consider how you will use the kitchen when placing appliances and counters. You will want to easily get from one area to another while cooking, and avoid as much as possible being backed up against another counter while trying to work. A kitchen should make it as easy as possible for more than one person to be cooking at a time. There should be ample work space and ability to move around each other. For example, try not to have the sink very far away from the stove. You will want to be able to easily fill pots or dump hot water from cooking noodles. It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a person in possession of a kitchen must be in want of more storage space. No matter how big your kitchen is, you will undoubtedly find yourself wanting more storage space. Small appliances and kitchen gadgets accrue faster than we can understand. Before you know it, you'll have 40 frozen burritos and nowhere to put them. Plan ahead and find ways to save as much space as you can. Use metal storage tins on the side of your fridge to store spices. Place corkboard on the inside of your upper cabinets to pin seasoning and sauce mix packets. Use vertical storage for cutting boards, cookie sheets, and cutlery. You can use a number of methods to draw out your designs before executing them, as well as figuring out the best way to use the space you have. Using either traditional tools (like paper and pencil) or design software, you can determine the best layout and get a good feel for how everything will work together. Many software programs are available for free online or for purchase (if you want something a little more powerful). Make sure that if you download software it is from a reputable source. With these programs you can not only find the best arrangement of your kitchen, you can also make color schemes and see 3d renderings of what your kitchen will look like. If you aren't comfortable with computers, you can draw the layout blueprint-style on graph paper. Have one sheet with the layout of the room (drawn proportionally) and draw all of the objects onto another sheet (also proportionally) and cut them out. Rearrange them until you find a layout that you like.
Summary: Begin by placing large appliances and sinks. Place cabinets. Consider flow and usability. Look for ways to save space. Use tools to help you plan.

Problem: Article: Most uncut gems are oddly shaped so you may need to grind it down. Roughly grinding the outsides of the gem will make it closer to the size and shape you want. Hold the gem between your fingertips and carefully polish it on a 1200 grit lap. If you have a lot of rough to remove, use a 260 grit lap. Since faceting machines are expensive and not usually available for rent, see if you can take a few faceting classes to become familiar with using them. If you want to buy one, find one directly from a manufacturer or look online. Heat a dime-sized amount of dop wax on the end of your dop stick. Hold it near a flame so the wax softens and becomes pliable. Stick the base of the gem that will be mounted into the wax. The faced surface of the gem should be exposed. Let the wax cool before you grind it so the gem stays on the dop stick. Once you've gained experience, consider using superglue or cyanoacrylate adhesives instead of wax. These are less likely to break off or damage heat-sensitive gems such as opals. Use a 1200 lap disc on your faceting machine to cut the circumference (girdle) of the gem. Set the angle to 90 degrees so you can make symmetrical cuts. Don't lock the index wheel on the machine so you can move it freely and have more control over cutting. The outline you cut will depend on which shape you've chosen. For example, you'll make a rectangular girdle for an emerald cut. Consult the machine's instruction manual for specific instructions about each style of cut. Wipe the gem clean with a microfiber cloth. This will remove the coarser grit that's transferred to the gem. Take the coarser lap disc off of the machine and put a pre-polishing lap on the machine. Find faceting diagrams for the shape you're cutting the gem. A diagram will tell you how many facets to make and at what angles to make them. Polish the facets against the lap until the surfaces of the gem are smooth. To get the cut you want, you may have to reheat the dop wax, remove the rough, and reposition it in the hot wax. Heating the stone along with the wax will not harm it. Put a polishing lap on your machine. Take the small spatula that came with your oxide polish and dip it into the polish so a peanut-sized amount is on the end of the spatula. Run the machine and spread the polish over the lap in a smooth even layer. This will buff your new gemstone until it sparkles and will help remove any grit or imperfections leftover by the faceting process. To remove the finished stone from the dop stick, warm the wax near an open flame so it softens. Then pull the stone away from the wax.
Summary:
Use a faceting machine to preform the gem. Secure the rough gem to a dop stick using warm wax. Grind the outlines of the stone to shape the girdle. Wipe grit from the gem and put a pre-polishing lap on the machine. Cut the facets according to the shape you want. Charge the polishing lap with an oxide polish. Polish the top of the cut gem against the polishing lap.