INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Copy and paste the image into an image editing program, such as Paint or Photoshop. Use the program to mirror the image and resize it. Some word processing programs, such as Microsoft Word, can also do this. Simple images with limited colors and little-to-no shading will work the best. Alternatively, you can buy a sheet of pre-printed iron-on transfers in a design that you like. Feed the paper face-up (waxy side) if you have a top-loading printer, and face-down if you have a bottom-loading printer. Print the image, then let the ink dry. You can find iron-on transfer paper in fabric stores and craft stores. Make sure that the paper is suitable for your printer: ink-jet or laser. Read the label on the package. Skip this step if you bought a pre-printed iron-on transfer from the store. It already has images printed onto it. Get some white canvas fabric. If you can't find canvas fabric in white, you can use neutral/un-bleached canvas instead; it is very light beige. Each brand of iron-on transfer paper is different, so follow the instructions on the package. Do not use colored fabric, or the image won't show up. If you can't find canvas, try another thick, sturdy material, such as denim or linen. Note the colors in your image, then get acrylic paint in those colors. Squeeze out a dollop of each color onto a palette. Use a thin paintbrush to apply each color to your image. Save any details, such as outlines, for last. Use a synthetic taklon paintbrush for best results. Don't use camelhair or boar bristle. Don't worry if you have visible brushstrokes. This will give your patch some texture, just like in a real patch! If you want to embroider the edges of your patch, leave a thin border all around it. Make the border about 18 inch (0.32cm), or thinner. Choose embroidery thread that matches the outline of your image. Whipstitch all around the patch until you are back to where you started, then knot and cut your thread. Keep the stitches close together so that you can't see the 18in (0.32cm) border any more. A whipstitch is where you wrap the thread around the edge of the fabric.

SUMMARY: Find an image online that you like. Print your desired image onto iron-on transfer paper. Iron your image onto white fabric. Use a thin paintbrush to paint over your design. Let the paint dry before you cut the patch out. Embroider around the patch, if desired.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: You want to remove some of the air from the dough, so use clean hands to gently beat it down. You don't want to overwork the dough, though -- only punch it down until it's roughly its original size. The dough shouldn't stick to your hands, but if it feels sticky, you can lightly dust your hands with flour first. Place the damp kitchen towel back on top of the bowl. Allow the dough to rest for another few minutes before shaping it. Using clean hands, break the dough into 12 equally sized pieces. Next, roll each piece into a ball. To prevent the rolls from sticking to the baking sheet, place a piece of parchment paper on it. Set the rolls on top of the paper, making sure to space them about 3-inches (7.6-cm) apart. Depending on how large your baking sheet is, you may need more than one. You can grease the sheet with butter if you don't have any parchment paper.

SUMMARY: Punch down the dough. Recover the dough and let it sit for 10 minutes. Divide the dough into 12 pieces. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper and place the dough on it.

INPUT ARTICLE: Article: Find your scores from each assignment, quiz, homework, etc. throughout the term. Sometimes this will be collected for you online, such as in a system like Blackboard. Sometimes, you'll have to go through your graded work. Write them all in one column on a piece of paper to refer back to. If things like participation or discussion are included as percentages of your final grade, you may have to ask your teacher or professor what your grade on this part is. Refer to the syllabus for the grading system. Teachers employ various systems to determine final grades, but two common systems are points and percentages. Either way, write out the total possible points in the second column next to the score you received. In a points-based system, there is a maximum number of points you can earn in the class. Each assignment has a certain number of points assigned. For example, there may be 200 total points available in a course, split up into four assignments each worth a maximum of 50 points (4x50=200). In a percentage-based system, each assignment will be worth a certain percentage of your grade. These percentages add up to 100%. For example, you might have four assignments due, each worth 25% of the grade (4x25=100). Note that in these examples, each assignment is worth the same weight overall in your course, even though the numbers are different. Do this whether your assignments are graded on a percentage scale or some other total. Add up all the numbers for the first column and write the total at the bottom. Add up the numbers in the second column and write the total below. For example, say you have 5 graded course activities total. 2 of these activities were exams worth 20 points each. 2 of these activities were quizzes worth 10 points each. The final activity was an assignment worth 5 points. 20+20+10+10+5= 65. This is total number of points available in the class. Now add up your scores. Let us say you scored an 18/20 on your first exam, a 15/20 on your second exam, a 7/10 on your first quiz, a 9/10 on your second quiz, and 3/5 on the single assignment. 18+15+7+9+3= 52. This is the total number of points you earned in the class. Now divide your total points earned by the total number of points available to get a percentage grade. In other words, divide the number you wrote below the first column by the number you wrote below the second column. To get a grade that may look more recognizable to you, you need to convert the decimal to a percentage. Multiply the decimal times 100. Another way to do this is to shift the decimal point 2 spots to the right. 52/65= 0.8 or 80% To move the decimal point 2 places to the right, add some more zeroes, like this: 0.800. Now shift the decimal 2 spots. This gives you: 080.0. take away the leftover zeros, and you get 80. That means you scored an 80 in the class. You'll need to understand your class grading scale to calculate your final grade. Some schools employ letter grades (ex. A, B, B-, etc...) while others use a point system (ex. 4.0, 3.5, 3.0, etc...). These scales all correspond with assigned percentages that work in relation to the total number of points that can be achieved in a class. These scales may also vary, depending on your school. For example, some schools may assign plus/minus grades, and some may not. Some may use a ten-point scale (e.g., anything between 90-100 is an A, anything between 80-89 is a B, etc.). Others may use a seven-point scale (e.g, 97-100=A, 93-96=A-, 91-92=B+, etc.). This may also vary depending on your professor's preferences.

SUMMARY:
Write out your scores. Write out the total possible points. Add up both columns. Calculate your average grade. Multiply the decimal number by 100. Determine your letter grade or grade point equivalent (GPA).