Problem: John was an old man who lived in New York City. John used to work at the Post Office before he quit. John has a grandson named Timmy. Timmy came to visit John and brought his friends David, Roger, and Bill. John gave them each a glass of lemonade to drink.

Timmy wanted his friends to try his grandfather's meat soup. John was known to be a good cook. He enjoyed cooking burgers, fish, pizza, and soup. John's meat soup was his favorite recipe. John asked his grandson to go to the store to buy the food. He wanted Timmy to buy some meat. Timmy took some money from John and went to Kroger. Timmy thought of buying ground beef, chicken, turkey, and sausage. He bought three pounds of ground beef. He took it back to John, who had started making the soup in his kitchen.

John cooked the ground beef and added it to the soup. They let the soup cook for two hours and then John tested it to see if it was ready to eat. The soup tasted delicious. Timmy and his friends loved it and told John they would be back for more.
1. What grocery store did Timmy go to?
Answer: 1. unknown

Q: Jim suffered heart problems. In conversation he expressed little joy and it seemed that his life was drawing to a close. When his heart problems led to operation, Jim went through it successfully, and a full recovery was expected. Within days, however, his heart was not beating properly. Jim was rushed back to operation, but nothing was found to explain the cause of his illness. He died on the operating table on the day before his 48th birthday. Dr. Bruce Smoller, a psychologist , had had many conversations with him, and the more he learned, the stranger he realized Jim's case was. When Jim was a child, his father, a teacher, suffered a heart attack and stayed home to recover. One morning Jim asked his father to look over his homework, promising to come home from school at noon to pick it up. His father agreed, but when Jim returned his father had died. Jim's father was 48. "I think all his life Jim believed he killed his father," Dr. Smoller says. "He felt that if he had not asked him to look at his homework, his father would have lived. Jim had been troubled by the idea. The operation was the trial he had expected for forty years. " Smoller believes that Jim willed himself not to live to the age of 48. Jim's case shows the powerful role that attitude plays in physical health, and that childhood experiences produce far-reaching effect on the health of grown-ups. Although most cases are less direct than Jim's, studies show that childhood events, besides genes, may well cause such midlife diseases as cancer, heart disease and mental illness.

Answer the following questions:
1. What are midlife diseases?
2. How old was Jim when his father died?
3. What did he his dad do for a living?
4. What did the son need help with?
5. Did he believe that it killed his dad?
6. What happened when he was 47?
7. Was he expected to survive the surgery?
8. Who analyzed Jim?
9. What does he do?
10. Did Jim & Smoller talk much?
11. What effects the health of adults?
A: 1. Cancer, heart disease and mental illness.
2. Eight
3. He was a teacher,
4. his homework
5. Dr. Smoller thiought so.
6. He died on the operating table.
7. a full recovery was expected for the first surgery.
8. Dr. Bruce Smoller
9. he is a psychologist
10. They had had many conversations
11. Attitude.

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

Traditionally considered the last part of the Stone Age, the Neolithic followed the terminal Holocene Epipaleolithic period and commenced with the beginning of farming, which produced the "Neolithic Revolution". It ended when metal tools became widespread (in the Copper Age or Bronze Age; or, in some geographical regions, in the Iron Age). The Neolithic is a progression of behavioral and cultural characteristics and changes, including the use of wild and domestic crops and of domesticated animals.

The beginning of the Neolithic culture is considered to be in the Levant (Jericho, modern-day West Bank) about 10,200 8,800 BC. It developed directly from the Epipaleolithic Natufian culture in the region, whose people pioneered the use of wild cereals, which then evolved into true farming. The Natufian period was between 12,000 and 10,200 BC, and the so-called "proto-Neolithic" is now included in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic (PPNA) between 10,200 and 8,800 BC. As the Natufians had become dependent on wild cereals in their diet, and a sedentary way of life had begun among them, the climatic changes associated with the Younger Dryas are thought to have forced people to develop farming.

1. What did Neolithic follow?
2. What was the Neolithic considered?
3. What culture did it come from?
4. What is that called today?
5. What did the this period begin?
6. And it ended when?
7. What produced the Neolithic Revolution?
8. What was produced during that time?
9. What did this evolve into?
10. What forced people to farm?
11. From what?
12. When was the Natufian period?

Numbered answers:

A: 1. Holocene Epipaleolithic period
2. the last part of the Stone Age
3. the Levant
4. modern-day West Bank
5. 10,200
6. 8,800 BC
7. the Epipaleolithic Natufian culture
8. the use of wild cereals
9. farming
10. climatic changes
11. Younger Dryas
12. between 12,000 and 10,200 BC

Problem: Ibn Sina created an extensive corpus of works during what is commonly known as the Islamic Golden Age, in which the translations of Greco-Roman, Persian, and Indian texts were studied extensively. Greco-Roman (Mid- and Neo-Platonic, and Aristotelian) texts translated by the Kindi school were commented, redacted and developed substantially by Islamic intellectuals, who also built upon Persian and Indian mathematical systems, astronomy, algebra, trigonometry and medicine. The Samanid dynasty in the eastern part of Persia, Greater Khorasan and Central Asia as well as the Buyid dynasty in the western part of Persia and Iraq provided a thriving atmosphere for scholarly and cultural development. Under the Samanids, Bukhara rivaled Baghdad as a cultural capital of the Islamic world.

The study of the Quran and the Hadith thrived in such a scholarly atmosphere. Philosophy, Fiqh and theology (kalaam) were further developed, most noticeably by Avicenna and his opponents. Al-Razi and Al-Farabi had provided methodology and knowledge in medicine and philosophy. Avicenna had access to the great libraries of Balkh, Khwarezm, Gorgan, Rey, Isfahan and Hamadan. Various texts (such as the 'Ahd with Bahmanyar) show that he debated philosophical points with the greatest scholars of the time. Aruzi Samarqandi describes how before Avicenna left Khwarezm he had met Al-Biruni (a famous scientist and astronomer), Abu Nasr Iraqi (a renowned mathematician), Abu Sahl Masihi (a respected philosopher) and Abu al-Khayr Khammar (a great physician).
1. What field of science is Al-Biruni know for?
2. What field is Nasr Iraqi known for?
3. Who is a respected philosopher that is known to have met with Avicenna?
4. Who is a great physician that is known to have met with Avicenna?
5. What dynasty was in in the eastern part of Persia, Greater Khorasan and Central Asia?
6. What dynasty was in the western part of Persia and Iraq?
7. What was one important cultural center of the Islamic world during the Islamic Golden Age?
8. What was another?
9. Was the Quran studied during the Islamic Golden Age?
10. How about the Hadith?
Answer:
1. astronomy
2. mathematics
3. Abu Sahl Masihi
4. Abu al-Khayr Khammar
5. Samanid
6. Buyid
7. Bukhara
8. Baghdad
9. yes
10. yes