Information: - The Musee Conde in English, the Conde Museum is a museum located inside the chateau de Chantilly in Chantilly, Oise, 40km north of Paris. - The Madonna of Loreto is a painting finished around 1508 -- 1509 by the Italian High Renaissance painter Raphael . It is housed in the Musee Conde of Chantilly , France . For centuries the painting kept company with the Portrait of Pope Julius II , first at the Santa Maria del Popolo , then in private collections , and for a time their location was unknown . Their ownership , or provenance , has been difficult to unravel because of the number of copies of both paintings , the unclear ownership chain , misinformation and delay of publication of vital information . For instance , this painting received its name from a copy at the Basilica della Santa Casa in Loreto which was at one time thought to be the original . Now is it certain that the painting at Loreto was a copy -- and therefore the painting name is a misnomer . Even so , the well - copied painting has been a beloved and critically acclaimed painting for centuries . - Urbino is a walled city in the Marche region of Italy, south-west of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially under the patronage of Federico da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino from 1444 to 1482. The town, nestled on a high sloping hillside, retains much of its picturesque medieval aspect, an illusion only slightly broken by the large car parks below the town. It hosts the University of Urbino, founded in 1506, and is the seat of the Archbishop of Urbino. Its best-known architectural piece is the Palazzo Ducale, rebuilt by Luciano Laurana. - Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (March 28 or April 6, 1483April 6, 1520), known as Raphael, was an Italian painter and architect of the High Renaissance. His work is admired for its clarity of form, ease of composition, and visual achievement of the Neoplatonic ideal of human grandeur. Together with Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci, he forms the traditional trinity of great masters of that period. After reading the paragraphs above, we are interested in knowing the entity with which 'madonna of loreto ' exhibits the relationship of 'collection'. Find the answer from the choices below. Choices: - conde museum - palazzo ducale
conde museum

(Question)
Information: - Occam's razor (also Ockham's razor; Latin: "lex parsimoniae" "law of parsimony") is a problem-solving principle attributed to William of Ockham (c. 12871347), who was an English Franciscan friar, scholastic philosopher and theologian. The principle can be interpreted as stating "Among competing hypotheses, the one with the fewest assumptions should be selected." - Jorma J. Rissanen ( born October 20 , 1932 ) is an information theorist , known for inventing the arithmetic coding technique of lossless data compression , and the minimum description length principle . An IBM researcher since 1960 , Rissanen received his Ph.D. from the Helsinki University of Technology in 1965 . Retired from IBM , he is now professor emeritus of Tampere University of Technology , and a fellow of Helsinki Institute for Information Technology . - In computer science and information theory, a Huffman code is a particular type of optimal prefix code that is commonly used for lossless data compression. The process of finding and/or using such a code proceeds by means of Huffman coding, an algorithm developed by David A. Huffman while he was a Sc.D. student at MIT, and published in the 1952 paper "A Method for the Construction of Minimum-Redundancy Codes". - Jorma J. Rissanen (born 20 October 1932) is an information theorist, known for inventing the arithmetic coding technique of lossless data compression, and the minimum description length principle. His work inspired by the development of the mathematical object stochastic chains with memory of variable length. - Arithmetic coding is a form of entropy encoding used in lossless data compression. Normally, a string of characters such as the words "hello there" is represented using a fixed number of bits per character, as in the ASCII code. When a string is converted to arithmetic encoding, frequently used characters will be stored with fewer bits and not-so-frequently occurring characters will be stored with more bits, resulting in fewer bits used in total. Arithmetic coding differs from other forms of entropy encoding, such as Huffman coding, in that rather than separating the input into component symbols and replacing each with a code, arithmetic coding encodes the entire message into a single number, an arbitrary-precision fraction "n" where 0.0 "n" < 1.0). It represents the current information as a range, defined by two numbers. Recent Asymmetric Numeral Systems family of entropy coders allows for faster implementations thanks to directly operating on a single natural number representing the current information. - The minimum description length (MDL) principle is a formalization of Occam's razor in which the best hypothesis for a given set of data is the one that leads to the best compression of the data. MDL was introduced by Jorma Rissanen in 1978. It is an important concept in information theory and computational learning theory. - Information theory studies the quantification, storage, and communication of information. It was originally proposed by Claude E. Shannon in 1948 to find fundamental limits on signal processing and communication operations such as data compression, in a landmark paper entitled "A Mathematical Theory of Communication". Now this theory has found applications in many other areas, including statistical inference, natural language processing, cryptography, neurobiology, the evolution and function of molecular codes, model selection in ecology, thermal physics, quantum computing, linguistics, plagiarism detection, pattern recognition, and anomaly detection. After reading the paragraphs above, we are interested in knowing the entity with which 'jorma rissanen' exhibits the relationship of 'date of birth'. Find the answer from the choices below. Choices: - 1 - 1287 - 1347 - 1948 - 1952 - 1978 - 20 - 20 october 1932
(Answer)
20 october 1932