Process: - A person breathes in oxygen - The oxygen passes through the bronchial tubes to the lungs - The oxygen is moved into the bloodstream - Circulates through the body - The cells in the body exchange the oxygen with carbon dioxide - The bloodstream carries the carbon dioxide back to the lungs - The lungs expel the carbon dioxide through the nose and mouth. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose a person is very ill happens, how will it affect more oxygen passes to the lungs. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Ans: yes

Process: - Aluminium cans are put into a recycling bin - Aluminium cans are then collected and taken to a treatment plant - At the treatment plant the aluminium is sorted and cleaned - Readied for reprocessing - The aluminum cans go through a re-melt process - Turned into molten aluminium - The molten aluminum is made into large blocks called ingots - The ingots are sent to mills and are rolled out into thin sheets - The rolls are ready to be made into new aluminum products. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose the rollers in the plant stop working happens, how will it affect more aluminum will be rolled out. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Ans: yes

Process: - A butterfly lays an egg - A larvae matures inside of the egg - The caterpillar hatches from the egg - The caterpillar eats and grows - The caterpillar spins a coccoon around itself and forms into a pupa - The butterfly forms inside of the coccoon - The mature butterfly emerges from the coccoon - The butterfly mates - The female butterfly lays eggs. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose a bigger satellite is designed happens, how will it affect more butterflies form inside of cocoons. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Ans: no

Process: - The nuclei of some atoms have too few or too many neutrons - The atoms become unstable - The atoms split - In alpha decay, two protons and two neutrons are released from the atom - In beta decay, a neutron changes into a proton and an electron - The proton joins the nucleus of the atom - The electron is released - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose more oxygen reaches the lungs happens, how will it affect MORE radioactive decay occurring. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Ans: no