input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. We spent a few days in Paris last week. We visit the famous city quite regularly. After all, it only takes three hours from London to Pairs. It's always a pleasure visiting places we really like, exploring areas we've never been. The only unlucky thing this time was the weather. As soon as we got there the temperature reached almost 35 degrees C (which lasted until we left). It was so hot that Matthew just couldn't _ it -- for him, it wasn't the most enjoyable trip. I felt sorry for him because every time we go there he has to put up with my endless shopping spree ... Because of the heat, we ended up just having lots of ice-cream and drinks most of the time, although we managed to pay a few visits to the new Herme shop on rue de Vaugirard at least. It's not as busy as the shop on rue Bonaparte so you can choose whatever you like without worrying about a queue behind you! I really enjoyed his bread this time as well as the cakes. And I must say that his Croissant aux Amandes and Bostock were simply the best I've ever had. 1. What did the author have the was the best she'd ever eaten?
2. Where did it come from?
3. Where is that located?
4. Where are the shops busier?
5. Who didn't enjoy the trip?
6. Why?
7. What did they do to keep cool?
8. Why did she feel bad for him?
9. Can you take your time in the Herme shop without a line of people behind you waiting?
10. Where we they visiting?
11. Where were they from?
12. How far is Paris from London?
13. Do they go there very often?
14. How often?
15. Do they usually enjoy it?
16. What do they like doing there?
17. When did it got hot there?
18. How long did they stay there?
19. When did they go?
20. Did it stay hot during the entire visit?
numbered_answers: 1. Croissant aux Amandes and Bostock.
2. New Herme shop.
3. Onn rue de Vaugirard.
4. On rue Bonaparte.
5. Matthew.
6. The temperature reached almost 35 degrees C.
7. Lots of ice-cream and drinks.
8. He has to put up with endless shopping spree.
9. Yes.
10. Paris.
11. London.
12. Three hours.
13. Yes.
14. Quite regularly.
15. Yes.
16. Exploring areas we've never been.
17. As soon as they got there.
18. A few days.
19. Last week.
20. Yes.

input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress is a biographical dictionary of all present and former members of the United States Congress and its predecessor, the Continental Congress. Also included are Delegates from territories and the District of Columbia and Resident Commissioners from the Philippines and Puerto Rico.

The online edition also includes a guide to research collections (a list of institutions where member's papers, letters, correspondence, and other items are archived) as well as an extended bibliography of published works concerning the member (a shorter bibliography is included with the member's biography). These additional resources when available can be accessed via links on the left side of the member's page on the website.

Charles Lanman, author, journalist, and former secretary to Daniel Webster, gathered the first collection of biographies of former and sitting members of Congress for his "Dictionary of Congress", published by J. B. Lippincott & Co. in 1859. Lanman intended his "Dictionary of the United States Congress" to serve primarily as a guide for sitting Members of Congress, much as the "Congressional Directory" functions today.

In 1864, the House of Representatives and the Senate approved the publication of an updated version of Lanman's "Dictionary of Congress" by the recently established Government Printing Office. In the late 1860s Congress offered Benjamin Perley Poore, a journalist and clerk of the Senate Committee on Printing and Records, the job of preparing a "Congressional Directory" with biographical sketches and the kind of reference information found in the "Dictionary of Congress". 1. what does Charles Lanman do for a living?
2. what did he create?
3. when was it published?
4. what year did congress approve an updated version?
5. in the 1860s who carried on the job of making the congressional dictionary?
6. who originally published Lanman's dicitionary?
7. what is the Biographical dictionary of the United States Congress?
8. are delegates from territories also included in it?
9. which ones?
10. who else is in included in the dictionary?
11. is it available online?
12. is correspondence also included?
numbered_answers: 1. author, journalist, and former secretary to Daniel Webster
2. Dictionary of Congress
3. 1859
4. In 1864
5. Benjamin Perley Poore
6. J. B. Lippincott & Co.
7. dictionary of Congress members
8. yes
9. unknown
10. Resident Commissioners from the Philippines and Puerto Rico.
11. yes
12. no

input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. Postmodernism describes a broad movement that developed in the mid- to late 20th century across philosophy, the arts, architecture and criticism which marked a departure from modernism. While encompassing a broad range of ideas, postmodernism is typically defined by an attitude of skepticism, irony or rejection toward grand narratives, ideologies and various tenets of universalism, including objective notions of reason, human nature, social progress, moral universalism, absolute truth, and objective reality. Instead, it asserts to varying degrees that claims to knowledge and truth are products of social, historical or political discourses or interpretations, and are therefore contextual or socially constructed. Accordingly, postmodern thought is broadly characterized by tendencies to epistemological and moral relativism, pluralism, irreverence and self-referentiality.

The term "postmodernism" has been applied both to the era following modernity and to a host of movements within that era (mainly in art, music, and literature) that reacted against tendencies in modernism. Postmodernism includes skeptical critical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, history, linguistics, economics, architecture, fiction, feminist theory, and literary criticism. Postmodernism is often associated with schools of thought such as deconstruction and post-structuralism, as well as philosophers such as Jean-Francois Lyotard, Jacques Derrida, and Frederic Jameson.

The term "postmodern" was first used around the 1880s. John Watkins Chapman suggested "a Postmodern style of painting" as a way to depart from French Impressionism. J. M. Thompson, in his 1914 article in "The Hibbert Journal" (a quarterly philosophical review), used it to describe changes in attitudes and beliefs in the critique of religion, writing: "The raison d'etre of Post-Modernism is to escape from the double-mindedness of Modernism by being thorough in its criticism by extending it to religion as well as theology, to Catholic feeling as well as to Catholic tradition." 1. When was the term first used?
2. Who suggested a postmodern style of painting?
3. Who wrote The Hibbert Journal?
4. What is postmodernism defined as?
5. Has it been applied to art?
6. What philosophers is it associated with?
7. What schools of thought is it associated with?
8. Is it applied to literature?
9. Is it applied to music?
10. When was it developed?
11. How is post modern thought characterized?
numbered_answers:
1. around the 1880s
2. John Watkins Chapman
3. J. M. Thompson
4. it is typically defined by an attitude of skepticism, irony or rejection toward grand narratives
5. yes
6. Jean-Francois Lyotard, Jacques Derrida, and Frederic Jameson
7. deconstruction and post-structuralism
8. yes
9. yes
10. in the mid- to late 20th century
11. it is broadly characterized by tendencies to epistemological and moral relativism