input: Please answer the following: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: Jock Colville was whose private secretary? Context: Elizabeth's personal fortune has been the subject of speculation for many years. Jock Colville, who was her former private secretary and a director of her bank, Coutts, estimated her wealth in 1971 at 2 million (equivalent to about 25 million today). In 1993, Buckingham Palace called estimates of 100 million "grossly overstated". She inherited an estimated 70 million estate from her mother in 2002. The Sunday Times Rich List 2015 estimated her private wealth at 340 million, making her the 302nd richest person in the UK.
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output: Elizabeth's

input: Please answer the following: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: what place is mentioned first? Context: The Farmington Canal Trail is a rail trail that will eventually run continuously from downtown New Haven to Northampton, Massachusetts. The scenic trail follows the path of the historic New Haven and Northampton Company and the Farmington Canal. Currently, there is a continuous 14-mile (23 km) stretch of the trail from downtown, through Hamden and into Cheshire, making bicycle commuting between New Haven and those suburbs possible. The trail is part of the East Coast Greenway, a proposed 3,000-mile (4,800 km) bike path that would link every major city on the East Coast from Florida to Maine.
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output: The Farmington Canal Trail

input: Please answer the following: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: How do Polish people and Russians have similarities? Context: DNA samples from 1228 Russians show that the Y chromosomes analyzed, all except 20 (1.6%) fall into seven major haplogroups all characteristic to West Eurasian populations. Taken together, they account for 95% of the total Russian Y chromosomal pool. Only (0.7%) fell into haplogroups that are specific to East and South Asian populations. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) examined in Poles and Russians revealed the presence of all major European haplogroups, which were characterized by similar patterns of distribution in Poles and Russians. An analysis of the DNA did not reveal any specific combinations of unique mtDNA haplotypes and their subclusters. The DNA clearly shows that both Poles and Russians are not different from the neighbouring European populations.
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output: the presence of all major European haplogroups

input: Please answer the following: Extract the answer to the question from the following context. Question: Heineken is not an example of what kind of drink? Context: Traditional English ale was made solely from fermented malt. The practice of adding hops to produce beer was introduced from the Netherlands in the early 15th century. Alehouses would each brew their own distinctive ale, but independent breweries began to appear in the late 17th century. By the end of the century almost all beer was brewed by commercial breweries.
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output:
ale