Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Microbiology (from Greek , "mikros", "small"; , "bios", "life"; and , "-logia") is the study of microorganisms, those being unicellular (single cell), multicellular (cell colony), or acellular (lacking cells). Microbiology encompasses numerous sub-disciplines including virology, mycology, parasitology, and bacteriology.

Eukaryotic microorganisms possess membrane-bound cell organelles and include fungi and protists, whereas prokaryotic organismsall of which are microorganismsare conventionally classified as lacking membrane-bound organelles and include eubacteria and archaebacteria. Microbiologists traditionally relied on culture, staining, and microscopy. However, less than 1% of the microorganisms present in common environments can be cultured in isolation using current means. Microbiologists often rely on extraction or detection of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA sequences.

Viruses have been variably classified as organisms, as they have been considered either as very simple microorganisms or very complex molecules. Prions, never considered microorganisms, have been investigated by virologists, however, as the clinical effects traced to them were originally presumed due to chronic viral infections, and virologists took searchdiscovering "infectious proteins".

The existence of microorganisms was predicted many centuries before they were first observed, for example by the Jains in India and by Marcus Terentius Varro in ancient Rome. The first recorded microscope observation was of the fruiting bodies of moulds, by Robert Hooke in 1666, but the Jesuit priest Athanasius Kircher was likely the first to see microbes, which he mentioned observing in milk and putrid material in 1658. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek is considered a father of microbiology as he observed and experimented with microscopic organisms in 1676, using simple microscopes of his own design. Scientific microbiology developed in the 19th century through the work of Louis Pasteur and in medical microbiology Robert Koch.
1. what are the word roots of "microbiology?"
2. what do they mean?
3. what is microbiology?
4. who is considered the father of the study?
5. who was the first to see microbes?
6. where did he see them?
7. when?
8. was he the first to record a microscope observation?
9. who was?
10. what did he visualize?
11. when?
12. Were they thought to exist before visual proof was found?
13. who in Rome predicted their existance?
14. did anyone in India expect them to exist?

Numbered answers:
1. The Greek "mikros", "bios" and "-logia")
2. Mikros is small and bios is life.
3. The study of microorganisms
4. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
5. Athanasius Kircher
6. In milk and putrid material
7. 1658
8. No
9. Robert Hooke
10. The fruiting bodies of moulds
11. In 1666
12. Yes
13. Marcus Terentius Varro
14. Yes

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
CHAPTER XLVII

How the Bride Was Received, and Who Were Asked to the Wedding

And thus after all did Frank perform his great duty; he did marry money; or rather, as the wedding has not yet taken place, and is, indeed, as yet hardly talked of, we should more properly say that he had engaged himself to marry money. And then, such a quantity of money! The Scatcherd wealth greatly exceeded the Dunstable wealth; so that our hero may be looked on as having performed his duties in a manner deserving the very highest commendation from all classes of the de Courcy connexion.

And he received it. But that was nothing. That _he_ should be feted by the de Courcys and Greshams, now that he was about to do his duty by his family in so exemplary a manner: that he should be patted on the back, now that he no longer meditated that vile crime which had been so abhorrent to his mother's soul; this was only natural; this is hardly worthy of remark. But there was another to be feted, another person to be made a personage, another blessed human mortal about to do her duty by the family of Gresham in a manner that deserved, and should receive, Lady Arabella's warmest caresses.

Dear Mary! It was, indeed, not singular that she should be prepared to act so well, seeing that in early youth she had had the advantage of an education in the Greshamsbury nursery; but not on that account was it the less fitting that her virtue should be acknowledged, eulogised, nay, all but worshipped.
1. what school did she go to?
2. is Frank marrying someone poor?
3. who was Frank "feted" by?
4. what was abhorrent to his mother's soul?
5. Is he marry Lady Arabella you think?
6. is Mary her first name?
7. who is richer than Dunstable?
8. is he married yet?
9. what should be done about Mary's virtue?
10. what is Frank's family name?
11. is there a lot of talk about the wedding?
12. why is he being called hero?
13. what had the good education help Mary with?
14. did Frank deserve a pat on the back?

Numbered answers:
1. the Greshamsbury nursery
2. no
3. the de Courcys and Greshams
4. that vile crime
5. yes
6. yes
7. Scatcherd
8. no
9. it should be acknowledged, eulogised, nay, all but worshipped
10. de Courcy
11. no
12. he had engaged himself to marry money
13. she acts so well
14. yes

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
The Iranian languages or Iranic languages form a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages, which in turn are a branch of the Indo-European language family. The speakers of Iranian languages are known as Iranian peoples. Historical Iranian languages are grouped in three stages: Old Iranian (until 400 BCE), Middle Iranian (400 BCE 900 CE), and New Iranian (since 900 CE). Of the Old Iranian languages, the better understood and recorded ones are Old Persian (a language of Achaemenid Iran) and Avestan (the language of the Avesta). Middle Iranian languages included Middle Persian (a language of Sassanid Iran), Parthian, and Bactrian.

As of 2008, there were an estimated 150200 million native speakers of Iranian languages. Ethnologue estimates there are 86 Iranian languages, the largest amongst them being Persian, Pashto, Kurdish, and Balochi.

The term Iranian is applied to any language which descends from the ancestral Proto-Iranian language. Iranian derives from the Persian and Sanskrit origin word Arya.
1. What branch are Iranian languages considered?
2. How many people speak the language?
3. How many types of languages are there?
4. How many groups are there?
5. What are they?
6. Of the old languages which ones are the ones that were recorded more.
7. How many old ones were there?
8. What all types of languages is the term applied to?
9. Where does the word Iranian come from?
10. What year did they say how many people speak the languages?
Numbered answers:
1. Indo-Iranian
2. 150200 million
3. 86
4. Four
5. Persian, Pashto, Kurdish, and Balochi.
6. Old Persian and Avestan
7. Two
8. Old Iranian (until 400 BCE), Middle Iranian (400 BCE 900 CE), and New Iranian (since 900 CE)
9. Proto-Iranian l
10. 2008