Answer the following question given this paragraph: Regulation of Blood Glucose Levels by Insulin and Glucagon Cells of the body require nutrients in order to function, and these nutrients are obtained through feeding. In order to manage nutrient intake, storing excess intake and utilizing reserves when necessary, the body uses hormones to moderate energy stores. Insulin is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas, which are stimulated to release insulin as blood glucose levels rise (for example, after a meal is consumed). Insulin lowers blood glucose levels by enhancing the rate of glucose uptake and utilization by target cells, which use glucose for ATP production. It also stimulates the liver to convert glucose to glycogen, which is then stored by cells for later use. Insulin also increases glucose transport into certain cells, such as muscle cells and the liver. This results from an insulin-mediated increase in the number of glucose transporter proteins in cell membranes, which remove glucose from circulation by facilitated diffusion. As insulin binds to its target cell via insulin receptors and signal transduction, it triggers the cell to incorporate glucose transport proteins into its membrane. This allows glucose to enter the cell, where it can be used as an energy source. However, this does not occur in all cells: some cells, including those in the kidneys and brain, can access glucose without the use of insulin. Insulin also stimulates the conversion of glucose to fat in adipocytes and the synthesis of proteins. These actions mediated by insulin cause blood glucose concentrations to fall, called a hypoglycemic "low sugar" effect, which inhibits further insulin release from beta cells through a negative feedback loop. Q: Insulin is produced by what cells of the pancreas? Choices: - gamma - platelet - alpha - beta A:
beta
Answer the following question given this paragraph: The proportionality between the rate and becomes an equal sign by the insertion of a constant . A rate law is an expression showing the relationship of the reaction rate to the concentrations of each reactant. The specific rate constant is the proportionality constant relating the rate of the reaction to the concentrations of reactants. The rate law and the specific rate constant for any chemical reaction must be determined experimentally. The value of the rate constant is temperature dependent. A large value of the rate constant means that the reaction is relatively fast, while a small value of the rate constant means that the reaction is relatively slow. Q: What is the term for an expression showing the relationship of the reaction rate to the concentrations of each reactant? Choices: - decay law - flow law - concentric law - rate law A:
rate law
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: When two continental plates converge, they smash together and create mountains. Q: The converging of continental plates can form what kind of geological feature? Choices: - plains - streams - shores - mountains A:
A: mountains
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What force provides resistance whenever two surfaces are in contact? Choices: - vibration - tension - rotation - friction A:
Answer: friction
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Experiments show that each O2 molecule has two unpaired electrons. The Lewis-structure model does not predict the presence of these two unpaired electrons. Unlike oxygen, the apparent weight of most molecules decreases slightly in the presence of an inhomogeneous magnetic field. Materials in which all of the electrons are paired are diamagnetic and weakly repel a magnetic field. Paramagnetic and diamagnetic materials do not act as permanent magnets. Only in the presence of an applied magnetic field do they demonstrate attraction or repulsion. Q: Experiments show that each o2 molecule has two unpaired what? Choices: - quarks - protons - neutrons - electrons A:
**Answer**
electrons
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Most of us have at least one device in our homes that guards our safety and, at the same time, depends on radioactivity to operate properly. This device is a smoke detector. A typical smoke detector contains an electric circuit that includes two metal plates about 1 cm apart. A battery in the circuit creates a voltage between the plates. Next to the plates is a small disk containing a tiny amount (0.0002 g) of the radioactive element americium. The radioactivity of americium ionizes the air between the plates, causing a tiny current to. Q: In a smoke detector, a battery in the electric circuit creates what between the metal plates? Choices: - magnetism - hydrogen - cooling - voltage A:
voltage