Answer the following question given this paragraph: Introduction Since the rediscovery of Mendel's work in 1900, the definition of the gene has progressed from an abstract unit of heredity to a tangible molecular entity capable of replication, expression, and mutation (Figure 15.1). Genes are composed of DNA and are linearly arranged on chromosomes. Genes specify the sequences of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. In turn, proteins are responsible for orchestrating nearly every function of the cell. Both genes and the proteins they encode are absolutely essential to life as we know it. Q: What are known as the building blocks of proteins? Choices: - organism acids - protein acids - bases - amino acids A:
amino acids
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Thoracic Vertebrae The bodies of the thoracic vertebrae are larger than those of cervical vertebrae (Figure 7.26). The characteristic feature for a typical midthoracic vertebra is the spinous process, which is long and has a pronounced downward angle that causes it to overlap the next inferior vertebra. The superior articular processes of thoracic vertebrae face anteriorly and the inferior processes face posteriorly. These orientations are important determinants for the type and range of movements available to the thoracic region of the vertebral column. Thoracic vertebrae have several additional articulation sites, each of which is called a facet, where a rib is attached. Most thoracic vertebrae have two facets located on the lateral sides of the body, each of which is called a costal facet (costal = "rib"). These are for articulation with the head (end) of a rib. An additional facet is located on the transverse process for articulation with the tubercle of a rib. Q: Most thoracic vertebrae have two facets that articulate with the head of what structure? Choices: - calf - heart - pelvic - rib A:
rib
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: If a substance is corrosive, it can eat through objects. Many scientists have to work with chemicals that are corrosive or otherwise dangerous. That's one reason that following safety precautions in the laboratory or field is very important. Q: What kind of harm does a corrosive substance cause? Choices: - Builds a crust - Attracts dust - Rust objects - eats through objects A:
A: eats through objects
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The reactions of the Calvin cycle add carbon (from carbon dioxide in the atmosphere) to a simple five-carbon molecule called RuBP. These reactions use chemical energy from NADPH and ATP that were produced in the light reactions. The final product of the Calvin cycle is glucose. Q: What is the final product of the calvin cycle? Choices: - energy - chloride - insulin - glucose A:
Answer: glucose
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What are the poles labeled? Choices: - west and south - southwest and south - east and west - north and south A:
**Answer**
north and south
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Chemical Reactions and Molecules All elements are most stable when their outermost shell is filled with electrons according to the octet rule. This is because it is energetically favorable for atoms to be in that configuration and it makes them stable. However, since not all elements have enough electrons to fill their outermost shells, atoms form chemical bonds with other atoms thereby obtaining the electrons they need to attain a stable electron configuration. When two or more atoms chemically bond with each other, the resultant chemical structure is a molecule. The familiar water molecule, H2O, consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom; these bond together to form water, as illustrated in Figure 2.9. Atoms can form molecules by donating, accepting, or sharing electrons to fill their outer shells. Q: All elements are most stable when their outermost shell is filled with electrons according to which rule? Choices: - quartet rule - string rule - coupling rule - octet rule A:
**Answer**
octet rule