In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

Q: to the extent that they follow or approve of the holding in ex parte erwin, supra, the following cases are also overruled.

A: overruling
****
Q: in fenelon v. state, 594 so.2d 292 (fla. 1992), the supreme court disapproved the giving of the flight instruction on the ground that it constitutes an impermissible comment upon the evidence.

A: overruling
****
Q: to the extent that park suggests that the factual predicates for an undertaking duty are to be decided by the court, we disapprove it.

A:
overruling
****