Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Input: Consider Input: The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene is located within the highly polymorphic major histocompatibility complex region, exhibiting the -308 GA promoter region polymorphism and six microsatellites (TNFa-f) spanning the region nearby the TNF locus.', 'In the present study, we evaluated the frequency of -308 GA and TNFa-e polymorphisms and respective haplotypes (in chromosomal sequence: TNFd-TNFe-308GA-TNFc-TNFa-TNFb), in 222 patients with AIDS, 52 of whom exhibited cytomegalovirus retinitis, and in 202 healthy HIV-negative individuals.', 'TNF microsatellite and single nucleotide polymorphism typings were performed by PCR followed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.', 'The TNF-308A allele and the 4-3-G-2-7-1 haplotype were associated with susceptibility to AIDS, whereas the TNFb4 allele and the 3-3-G-1-11-4 haplotype were associated with protection against AIDS development. The TNFc2 allele and the 4-1-G-2-2-1 haplotype, which contains the TNFc2 allele, were associated with cytomegalovirus retinitis.

Output: Are tumor necrosis factor region polymorphisms associated with AIDS and with cytomegalovirus retinitis?

Input: Consider Input: To determine if central sympathetic blockade by dexmedetomidine, a selective alpha(2) adrenergic receptor agonist, prevents cardiac dysfunction associated with intracranial hypertension (ICH) in a rat model.', 'Following intracisternal administration of dexmedetomidine (1 microg.microL(-1), 10 microL volume) or the stereoisomer levomedetomidine (1 microg.microL(-l), 10 microL volume) in halothane-anesthetized rats, a subdural balloon catheter was inflated for 60 sec to produce ICH. Intracranial pressure, hemodynamic, left ventricular (LV) pressures and electrocardiographic (ECG) changes were recorded. Plasma and myocardial catecholamines and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured.', 'After levomedetomidine administration, subdural balloon inflation precipitated an increase in mean arterial pressure (149 +/- 33% of baseline), heart rate (122 +/- 19% of baseline), LV systolic pressure (LVP), LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), LV developed pressure (LVDP), LV dP/dtmax and rate pressure product (RPP) (132 +/- 19%, 260 +/- 142%, 119 +/- 15%, 126 +/- 24% and 146 +/- 33% of baseline value, respectively). ICH decelerated LVP fall (tau), as tau increased from 7.75 +/- 1.1 to 14.37 +/- 4.5 msec. Moreover, plasma norepinephrine levels were elevated (169 +/- 50% of baseline) and there was the appearance of cardiac dysrhythmias and other ECG abnormalities. This response was transient and cardiac function deteriorated in a temporal manner. Intracisternal dexmedetomidine prevented the rise in plasma norepinephrine, blocked the ECG abnormalities, and preserved cardiac function. Moreover, dexmedetomidine attenuated the rise in MDA levels.

Output: Does central dexmedetomidine attenuate cardiac dysfunction in a rodent model of intracranial hypertension?

Input: Consider Input: The objective was to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone and platelet transfusion treatment on recovery in patients with class 1 hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome.', 'All women with class 1 HELLP syndrome (true HELLP syndrome) who were seen at the hospital Complejo Hospitalario de la Caja de Seguro Social de Panama, Panama between July 1996 and June 2004 took part in a retrospective, comparative study. They were divided into two groups. One group received dexamethasone and the other group received dexamethasone plus platelet transfusion. True HELLP syndrome was defined as hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and maternal platelet nadir < or =50,000 platelets/microl.', 'The primary endpoint was resolution of the HELLP syndrome as recognized by normalization of the platelet count (> or =150,000/microl) and the mean length (measured in days) of the postpartum stay in hospital.', 'Forty-six women with true HELLP syndrome were studied. Twenty-six patients received dexamethasone and 20 received dexamethasone plus platelet transfusion. The normalization of the platelet count was significantly more rapid in the dexamethasone group (p<0.004) and the postpartum hospital stay was significantly more prolonged in the dexamethasone plus platelet transfusion group (p<0.02). There was no maternal death.
Output: Does addition of platelet transfusions to corticosteroids increase the recovery of severe HELLP syndrome?