Answer the following question given this paragraph: You don't have to suffer through an infection to gain immunity to some diseases. Immunity can also come about by vaccination. Vaccination is the process of exposing a person to pathogens on purpose so the person will develop immunity to them. In vaccination, the pathogens are usually injected under the skin. Only part of the pathogens are injected, or else weakened or dead pathogens are used. This causes an immune response without causing the disease. Diseases you are likely to have been vaccinated against include measles, mumps, and chicken pox. Q: Vaccination is the process of exposing a person to pathogens on purpose so the person will develop what? Choices: - sensitivity - allergy - autonomy - immunity A:
immunity
Answer the following question given this paragraph: 13 Photosynthesis 6 CO2 + 6 H2 O C6 H12 O6 + 6 O2 One of most important reactions in history of life: source of atmospheric O2 ultimately led to aerobic respiration and eukaryotes Responsible for bulk of glucose production Early experiments showed that mass of plant must be derived from substances in the air, not the soil Experiments with isotopes showed that liberated oxygen comes from water Experiments also showed that light is essential but that some reactions (e. , reduction of CO2 ) continue in the dark Plants do two big, important things during photosynthesis: gain energy (absorb light) and build sugar (glucose). Photosynthesis can be divided into two series of chemical reactions: the light (lightdependent) reactions and the dark (light-independent) reactions. In light reactions, light is absorbed; in dark reactions, sugar is built. Occurs when plants, algae, and autotrophic bacteria absorb light energy and build glucose. Q: What is the process by which plants gain energy and produce sugar? Choices: - glycolysis - respiration - chemosynthesis - photosynthesis A:
photosynthesis
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: An atom's protons and electrons carry electrical charges. Protons, with their positive charge, are designated p+. Electrons, which have a negative charge, are designated e. An atom's neutrons have no charge: they are electrically neutral. Just as a magnet sticks to a steel refrigerator because their opposite charges attract, the positively charged protons attract the negatively charged electrons. This mutual attraction gives the atom some structural stability. The attraction by the positively charged nucleus helps keep electrons from straying far. The number of protons and electrons within a neutral atom are equal, thus, the atom's overall charge is balanced. Q: What part of an atom is electrically neutral? Choices: - protons - electrons - newtons - neutrons A:
A: neutrons
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The Van de Graaff Generator Van de Graaff generators (or Van de Graaffs) are not only spectacular devices used to demonstrate high voltage due to static electricitythey are also used for serious research. The first was built by Robert Van de Graaff in 1931 (based on original suggestions by Lord Kelvin) for use in nuclear physics research. Figure 18.38 shows a schematic of a large research version. Van de Graaffs utilize both smooth and pointed surfaces, and conductors and insulators to generate large static charges and, hence, large voltages. A very large excess charge can be deposited on the sphere, because it moves quickly to the outer surface. Practical limits arise because the large electric fields polarize and eventually ionize surrounding materials, creating free charges that neutralize excess charge or allow it to escape. Nevertheless, voltages of 15 million volts are well within practical limits. Q: Practical limits of van de graaff generators arise because the large electric fields polarize and eventually do what to surrounding materials? Choices: - displace - isolate - decompose - ionize A:
Answer: ionize
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Elements and Compounds Any sample of matter that has the same physical and chemical properties throughout the sample is called a substance. There are two types of substances. A substance that cannot be broken down into chemically simpler components is an element. Aluminum, which is used in soda cans, is an element. A substance that can be broken down into chemically simpler components (because it has more than one element) is acompound (Figure 1.2 "The General Steps of the Scientific Method"). Water is a compound composed of the elements hydrogen and oxygen. Today, there are about 118 elements in the known universe. In contrast, scientists have identified tens of millions of different compounds to date. Q: Any sample of matter that has the same physical and chemical properties throughout the sample is called what? Choices: - element - molecule - type - substance A:
**Answer**
substance
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Electrophiles have a strong tendency to react with nucleophiles. CONCEPTUAL PROBLEMS. Q: Electrophiles have a strong tendency to react with what? Choices: - acids - neutrons - resistors - nucleophiles A:
**Answer**
nucleophiles