input question: I read this background article the other day: A period of very low rainfall occurred while the Grants were on the islands. The drought resulted in fewer seeds for the finches to eat. Birds with smaller beaks could eat only the smaller seeds. Birds with bigger beaks were better off. They could eat seeds of all sizes. Therefore, there was more food available to them. Many of the small-beaked birds died in the drought. More of the big-beaked birds survived and reproduced. Within just a couple of years, the average beak size in the finches increased. This was clearly evolution by natural selection. I am facing a new situation today: Two ancient continents both had a great bird population. At some point in time, the continent of MU experienced a great drought that lasted for several years. The other continent, Lemuria, was unaffected by the drought. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which continent had fewer small-beaked birds die in the drought????
output answer: Lemuria

input question: I read this background article the other day: Alcoholic beverages do not make the entire body warmer.[361] The reason that alcoholic drinks create the sensation of warmth is that they cause blood vessels to dilate and stimulate nerve endings near the surface of the skin with an influx of warm blood. This can actually result in making the core body temperature lower, as it allows for easier heat exchange with a cold external environment. I am facing a new situation today: A research institute is investigating the effect of alcohol in human body. They gave two groups of subjects, group blue and group red, two different drinks, labeled as blue drink and red drink. The blue drink contained alcohol, and the red drink did not contain any alcohol. Blue drinks were given to the blue group and the red drinks were given to the red group. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which group would not have more warm blood near the surface of the skin????
output answer: red group

input question: I read this background article the other day: Old age begins in the mid-60s and lasts until the end of life. Many people over 65 have retired from work, freeing up their time for hobbies, grandchildren, and other interests. Stamina, strength, reflex time, and the senses all decline during old age, and the number of brain cells decreases as well. The immune system becomes less efficient, increasing the risk of serious illnesses such as cancer and pneumonia. Diseases such as Alzheimer's disease that cause loss of mental function also become more common. I am facing a new situation today: Mary and Ann met after a long time. Mary was 70 and she was Ann's aunt. She had a number of health problems. Ann was 52 and quite healthy. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Which woman had a more efficient immune system????
output answer: Ann

input question: I read this background article the other day: Chemical equilibrium was studied by French chemist Henri Le Chatelier (1850-1936), and his description of how a system at equilibrium responds to a change in conditions has become known as Le Chatelier's principle . This principle states that when a chemical system is at equilibrium and is disturbed by a stress, the system will respond by attempting to counteract that stress until a new equilibrium is established. Stresses to a chemical system include changes in the concentrations of reactants or products, changes in the temperature of the system, or changes in the pressure of the system. We will discuss each of these stresses separately. In each case, the change to the equilibrium position will cause either the forward or reverse reaction to be favored over the opposite process. When the forward reaction is favored, the concentrations of the products increase, and the concentrations of the reactants decrease. When the reverse reaction is favored, the concentrations of the products decrease, and the concentrations of the reactants increase. I am facing a new situation today: John was trying to reenact Le Chatelier's principle. To that end, he conducted four tests, test A, test B, test C, and test D. In test A, he didn't input any stress to a chemical system in equilibrium. But In test B, he put some stress to the same system. In test C, he observed a forward reaction, but in test D, he observed a reverse reaction. Using the knowledge I acquired from the background article, how should I answer correctly the following question regarding my new situation: Would test D see higher or lower concentrations of the products than test C????
output answer:
lower