TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Women and Children's HIV Protection
Act of 2003''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

The Congress finds as follows:
(1) Perinatal transmission is the leading cause of
pediatric HIV infections, including AIDS cases.
(2) The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(''CDC'') estimates that nearly 7,000 HIV-infected women give
birth in the United States each year and as many as 400 babies
continue to be born with HIV infection each year.
(3) Medical advances have made it possible to nearly
eliminate perinatal HIV transmission.
(4) Research studies have demonstrated that the
administration of antiviral medication during pregnancy, during
labor, and immediately following birth can significantly reduce
the transmission of HIV from an infected mother to her baby.
Caesarean section further reduces the risk of transmission.
(5) Even if treatment begins shortly after birth,
antiretroviral therapy can substantially reduce the chance that
an HIV-exposed infant will become infected.
(6) Breastfeeding by HIV-infected mothers poses additional
significant risk of infection to babies.
(7) The Institute of Medicine (''IOM'') has recommended the
adoption of a national policy of universal HIV testing, with
patient notification, as a routine component of prenatal care.
However, 15 percent of HIV-infected pregnant women receive no
prenatal care according to the IOM.
(8) The CDC has recommended since 1995 that all pregnant
women be counseled and offered voluntary HIV testing. Yet
nearly half of pregnant women are still not tested according to
the CDC. The CDC has found that mandatory testing of newborns
and universal HIV testing of pregnant woman are the best
approaches for identifying, treating, and preventing HIV among
pregnant women and children.
(9) The American Medical Association recommends mandatory
HIV testing of all newborns with appropriate treatment for
affected mothers and children.
(10) Testing newborns whose mothers' status is unknown
ensures that every child at risk for HIV is identified.
(11) More than a third of the HIV infections that occur
annually among newborns in the United States could be prevented
with routine HIV testing of pregnant woman or newborns
according to a 2002 report by the Inspector General of the
Department of Health and Human Services. This represents over
100 babies born every year that are needlessly infected.
(12) The provision of testing of pregnant women and
newborns with appropriate counseling and treatment can
significantly reduce the number of pediatric HIV infections,
including AIDS cases, can improve access to and medical care
for the woman and children, and can provide opportunities to
further reduce transmission among adults.
(13) The provision of such testing, counseling, and
treatment can reduce the overall cost of pediatric HIV
infections, including AIDS cases.
(14) New York State has required mandatory HIV counseling
and voluntary testing for pregnant women and mandatory HIV
testing of all newborns since February 1997. As a result, the
perinatal HIV transmission rate in the State has dropped from
25 percent to an all time low of 3.5 percent and over 99
percent of HIV-infected women and their children have been linked to
care.
(15) For the foregoing reasons--
(A) universal routine HIV testing of pregnant women
and newborns should be the standard of care; and
(B) the relevant medical organizations, as well as
public health officials, should issue guidelines making
such testing, counseling, and treatment the standard of
care.

SEC. 3. GRANTS REGARDING COUNSELING AND TESTING OF PREGNANT WOMEN AND
NEWBORN INFANTS.

Subpart II of part B of title XXVI of the Public Health Service Act
(42 U.S.C. 300ff-33 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 2625
the following section:

''SEC. 2625A. GRANTS REGARDING COUNSELING AND TESTING OF PREGNANT WOMEN
AND NEWBORN INFANTS.

''(a) In General.--Of the amounts appropriated under section 2677
for a fiscal year for carrying out this part, exclusive of amounts
available for grants under section 2618(a)(2)(I), the Secretary,
subject to subsection (b)(2), shall reserve $82,875,000 for making
grants to each State that demonstrates that the law or regulations of
the State are in accordance with the following:
''(1) That all pregnant women receiving prenatal care in
the State be offered counseling and testing regarding HIV
disease.
''(2) In the case of prenatal testing for such disease that
is conducted in the State, that the results of such testing be
promptly disclosed to the pregnant woman involved.
''(3) In the case of newborn infants who are born in the
State and whose biological mothers have not undergone prenatal
testing for HIV disease, that each such infant undergo testing
for such disease.
''(4) That the results of such testing of a newborn infant
be promptly disclosed in accordance with the following, as
applicable to the infant involved:
''(A) To the biological mother of the infant
(without regard to whether she is the legal guardian of
the infant).
''(B) If the State is the legal guardian of the
infant:
''(i) To the appropriate official of the
State agency with responsibility for the care
of the infant.
''(ii) To the appropriate official of each
authorized agency providing assistance in the
placement of the infant.
''(iii) If the authorized agency is giving
significant consideration to approving an
individual as a foster parent of the infant, to
the prospective foster parent.
''(iv) If the authorized agency is giving
significant consideration to approving an
individual as an adoptive parent of the infant,
to the prospective adoptive parent.
''(C) If neither the biological mother nor the
State is the legal guardian of the infant, to another
legal guardian of the infant.
''(D) To the child's health care provider.
''(5) That, in disclosing the test results to an individual
under paragraph (2) or (4), appropriate counseling on HIV
disease and appropriate referrals for health care be offered to
the individual (except in the case of a disclosure to an
official of a State or an authorized agency, or to a health
care provider).''.
''(b) Date Certain for Making Grants; Limitation on Reservation of
Funds.--
''(1) Date certain for making grants.--Not later than the
end of the three-month period beginning on the date on which
appropriations first become available for a fiscal year for
grants under section 2611, the Secretary shall make grants
under subsection (a) for such fiscal year to all States that
seek such grants and meet the condition described in such
subsection for the grants.
''(2) Limitation on reservation of funds.--Effective upon
the expiration of the period described in paragraph (1) with
respect to a fiscal year, the unobligated portion of the amount
reserved under subsection (a) for the fiscal year is available
for grants under section 2611 for the fiscal year.
''(c) Amount of Grants.--Each grant under subsection (a) for a
fiscal year shall be made in the amount of $1,500,000, except that the
amount of such a grant for a territory of the United States shall be
$375,000.
''(d) Authorized Expenditures.--A grant under subsection (a) may be
expended for any purpose for which a grant under 2611 is authorized to
be expended.
''(e) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, the terms 'State'
and 'territory of the United States' have the meanings that apply to
such terms for purposes of grants under section 2611 (including the
meanings that apply for purposes of section 2618).''.

SOLUTION: Women and Children's HIV Protection Act of 2003 - Amends the Public Health Service Act to provide for grants regarding the counseling and testing of pregnant women and newborn infants out of moneys appropriated under the care grant program. Prohibits making a grant to a State unless the State demonstrates that the law or regulations of the State require specified testing and services for pregnant women and newborn infants regarding HIV disease.

PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Trade Complaint and Litigation
Accountability Improvement Measures Act'' or the ''Trade CLAIM Act''.

SEC. 2. REVIEW OF DETERMINATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES TRADE
REPRESENTATIVE BY THE COURT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE.

Section 1581 of title 28, United States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (i)--
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by
striking ''subsections (a)-(h)'' and inserting
''subsections (a)-(h) and (k)''; and
(B) in paragraph (4), by striking ''subsections
(a)-(h)'' and inserting ''subsections (a)-(h) and
(k)''; and
(2) by adding at the end the following:
''(k) The Court of International Trade shall have exclusive
jurisdiction of any civil action commenced by a petitioner requesting
that the United States Trade Representative take action under section
301 of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2411) to review de novo any
determination, finding, or action of the United States Trade
Representative under section 301(a), 302(a)(2), 304(a)(1),
305(a)(2)(A)(ii), 306(b), or 307(a)(1) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19
U.S.C. 2411(a), 2412(a)(2), 2414(a)(1), 2415(a)(2)(A)(ii), 2416(b), and
2417(a)(1)).''.

SEC. 3. CONSIDERATION BY THE UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE OF
PETITIONS TO ENFORCE UNITED STATES TRADE RIGHTS.

(a) Actions by United States Trade Representative.--Section 301 of
the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2411) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)--
(A) in paragraph (1) in the flush text at the end,
by striking '', subject to the specific direction, if
any, of the President regarding any such action,''; and
(B) in paragraph (2)--
(i) in the matter preceding subparagraph
(A), by striking ''in any case in which'' and
inserting ''if'';
(ii) in subparagraph (A)(ii)(II), by
striking ''; or'' and inserting a semicolon;
and
(iii) by striking subparagraph (B) and
inserting the following:
''(B) the foreign country has--
''(i) agreed to imminently eliminate the
act, policy, or practice, or
''(ii) agreed to a solution to imminently
relieve the burden or restriction on United
States commerce resulting from the act, policy,
or practice;
''(C) the Trade Representative finds that it is
impossible for the foreign country to achieve the
results described in subparagraph (B), but the foreign
country agrees to provide to the United States
compensatory trade benefits that are equivalent in
value to the burden or restriction on United States
commerce resulting from the acts, policy, or practice;
''(D) in extraordinary cases, the Trade
Representative finds that the taking of action under
this subsection would have an adverse impact on the
United States economy substantially out of proportion
to the benefits of such action, taking into account the
impact of not taking such action on the credibility of
the provisions of this chapter; or
''(E) the Trade Representative finds that the
taking of action under this subsection would cause
serious harm to the national security of the United
States.''; and
(2) in subsection (c)(1)(D)--
(A) by amending clauses (i) and (ii) to read as
follows:
''(i) imminently eliminate the act, policy,
or practice that is the subject of the action
to be taken under subsection (a) or (b),
''(ii) imminently relieve the burden or
restriction on United States commerce resulting
from the act, policy, or practice, or''; and
(B) by amending subclause (I) of clause (iii) to
read as follows:
''(I) are equivalent in value to
the burden or restriction on United
States commerce resulting from the act,
policy, or practice, and''.
(b) Initiation of Investigations.--Section 302 of the Trade Act of
1974 (19 U.S.C. 2412) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(2), by striking the period and
inserting ''based on whether the petitioner has alleged facts
that, if assumed to be true, would meet the criteria set forth
in section 301(a)(1).''; and
(2) in subsection (c), by striking ''(a) or''.
(c) Consultations.--Section 303 of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C.
2413) is amended--
(1) in subsection (a)(2), by striking ''mutually acceptable
resolution'' and inserting ''resolution acceptable to the Trade
Representative, the foreign country, and the petitioner (if
any)''; and
(2) in subsection (b)(1)(A), by striking ''after consulting
with'' and inserting ''with the consent of''.
(d) Implementation of Actions.--Section 305(a)(1) of the Trade Act
of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2415(a)(1)) is amended by striking '', subject to
the specific direction, if any, of the President regarding any such
action,''.
(e) Monitoring of Foreign Compliance.--Section 306(b) of the Trade
Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2416(b)) is amended--
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ''the Trade
Representative considers'' and inserting ''the Trade
Representative or the petitioner (if any) considers''; and
(2) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking ''the Trade
Representative considers'' and inserting ''the Trade
Representative or the petitioner (if any) considers''.
(f) Modification and Termination of Action.--Section 307(a)(1) of
the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2417(a)(1)) is amended by striking '',
subject to the specific direction, if any, of the President with
respect to such action,''.

SOLUTION: Trade Complaint and Litigation Accountability Improvement Measures Act or the Trade CLAIM Act - Amends the federal judicial code to grant the Court of International Trade exclusive jurisdiction of any civil action commenced by a petitioner requesting de novo review of a U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) decision concerning the enforcement of U.S. trade rights.

Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to revise requirements concerning the enforcement of U.S. trade rights with respect to presidential authority and the responsibility of the USTR.

Permits the USTR to take further action to enforce U.S. rights, based on the USTR's monitoring, when a petitioner considers that the actions of a foreign country in implementing a measure have not been satisfactory.

PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Trade and Environment Enforcement
('Green 301') Act''.

SEC. 2. IDENTIFICATION OF FOREIGN COUNTRY TRADE PRACTICES THAT
NEGATIVELY AFFECT THE ENVIRONMENT.

(a) In General.--Chapter 1 of title III of the Trade Act of 1974
(19 U.S.C. 2411 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

''SEC. 311. IDENTIFICATION OF FOREIGN COUNTRY TRADE PRACTICES THAT
NEGATIVELY AFFECT THE ENVIRONMENT.

''(a) Identification.--
''(1) In general.--The Trade Representative shall identify
those foreign country trade practices that cause negative
environmental impacts on the protection of human, animal, or
plant life or health, or the conservation of exhaustible
natural resources in the United States, the foreign country, a
third country, or internationally.
''(2) Factors.--In identifying foreign country trade
practices under paragraph (1), the Trade Representative shall
take into account all relevant factors, including--
''(A) the strength of the connection between trade
and the negative environmental impact;
''(B) the significance of the negative
environmental impact on the protection of human, animal
or plant life or health, or the conservation of
exhaustible natural resources; and
''(C) the costs and benefits of mitigating the
negative environmental impact through the remedies
described in this section.
''(3) Consultation.--In identifying foreign country trade
practices under paragraph (1), the Trade Representative shall
provide the opportunity for input by and consultation with
interested persons, including private or nongovernmental
organizations working towards environmental protection or
conservation, domestic industrial users of any goods that may
be affected by this section, and appropriate Federal
departments and agencies.
''(b) Report.--
''(1) In general.--Not later than 270 days after the date
of submission of a report under section 181(b) of this Act, the
Trade Representative shall submit to the Committee on Ways and
Means of the House of Representatives and the Committee on
Finance of the Senate and publish in the Federal Register a
report on the foreign country trade practices identified under
subsection (a).
''(2) Matters to be included.--The Trade Representative may
include in the report, if appropriate--
''(A) a description of other foreign country trade
practices that may in the future warrant inclusion in
the report as foreign country trade practices that
negatively affect the environment; and
''(B) a statement regarding other foreign country
trade practices that negatively affect the environment
that have not been identified because they are subject
to other provisions of United States trade law,
existing bilateral trade agreements, or trade
negotiations, and progress is being made toward the
mitigation, reduction, or elimination of the negative
environmental impacts of such foreign country trade
practices.
''(c) Petitions.--
''(1) In general.--Any interested person, as described in
subsection (a)(3), may file a petition with the Trade
Representative requesting that action be taken under subsection
(a) and setting forth the allegations in support of the
request.
''(2) Review.--The Trade Representative shall review the
allegations in any petition filed under paragraph (1) and, not
later than 45 days after the date on which the Trade
Representative receives the petition, shall determine whether
to initiate consultations under subsection (d) with respect to
the allegations in the petition.
''(3) Determination not to initiate consultations.--If the
Trade Representative determines not to initiate consultations
under subsection (d) with respect to a petition filed under
paragraph (1), the Trade Representative shall inform the
petitioner of the reasons therefor and shall publish notice of
the determination, together with a summary of such reasons, in
the Federal Register.
''(d) Consultations.--Not later than 3 weeks after the date on
which the report required under subsection (b) is submitted to the
congressional committees specified under subsection (b) or upon
acceptance of a petition described in subsection (c), the Trade
Representative shall request consultations with the government of each
foreign country identified under subsection (a) or in such a petition
regarding the practices with respect to which the foreign country was
so identified.
''(e) Agreements.--
''(1) In general.--As part of the consultations with a
foreign country under subsection (d), the Trade Representative
shall seek to negotiate an agreement between the United States
and the foreign country that provides for the mitigation,
reduction, or elimination of the negative environmental impacts
that are the result of the trade practices with respect to
which the foreign country was identified under subsection (a)
or (c).
''(2) Failure to reach agreement.--If the United States and
a foreign country fail to reach an agreement described in
paragraph (1), the Trade Representative--
''(A) shall take all appropriate and feasible
action authorized under section 301(c) of this Act,
subject to the specific direction, if any, of the
President regarding any such action; and
''(B) shall take all other appropriate and feasible
action within the power of the President that the
President may direct the Trade Representative to take
under this subsection, to obtain the mitigation,
reduction, or elimination of negative environmental
impacts that are the result of the trade practices with
respect to which the foreign country was identified
under subsection (a).
''(f) Foreign Country Trade Practice Defined.--In this section, the
term 'foreign country trade practice' or 'trade practice'--
''(1) means any act, policy, or practice of a foreign
country relating to trade as well as the sustained or recurring
lack of any act, policy, or practice of a foreign country
relating to trade; but
''(2) does not include any such act, policy, or practice
that reflects a reasonable exercise of prosecutorial discretion
or a reasonable decision regarding the allocation of
environmental enforcement resources.''.
(b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents for the Trade Act of
1974 is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 310 the
following:

''Sec. 311. Identification of countries that engage in trade practices
that negatively affect the environment.''.

SOLUTION:
Trade and Environment Enforcement (Green 301) Act - Amends the Trade Act of 1974 to require the United States Trade Representative (USTR) to: (1) identify foreign country trade practices that cause negative impacts on the protection of human, animal, or plant life or health, or the conservation of exhaustible natural resources in the United States, the foreign country, a third country, or internationally; (2) review petitions requesting certain action with respect to such trade practices; and (3) consult with an identified foreign country and seek to negotiate an agreement that mitigates, reduces, or eliminates those negative impacts.