Process: - Bats and other animals produce a high-pitched tone - The sound travels in waves, as sound does - The sound 'bounces' off of a nearby object - The sound wave returns to the bat - The bat hears the echoed sound - Folds in the bat's ear and adaptations in the bat's brain enable it to determine the size, shape, and position of the other object via the properties of the returned sound waves - Other animals use echolocation in generally similar ways - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose the bat produces poor sound waves happens, how will it affect the bat has a lower perception of the sound waves. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Ans: yes

Process: - A man and woman mate - Embryo is C - Embryo grows and develops into a fetus inside the woman's womb - The fetus is born - Begins to grow and develop through infancy and childhood - In the teenage years the human experiences puberty - Reaches sexual maturity - At 18 the human becomes an adult - Adult may procreate continuing the cycle. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose the person does not have enough grease happens, how will it affect less fetuses are born. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Ans: no

Process: - A star burns in space - Eventually it burns all its hydrogen - Becomes a red giant - Once the red giant burns itself out - The core of the star collapses - The gasses will start to disperse - Only the core is left - A white dwarf has been formed. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose More mass in the solar system fuels the stars gravity happens, how will it affect a LARGER white dwarf star. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Ans: yes

Process: - The diaphragm contracts - The lungs expand - Air is pulled from outside the body, into the lungs - The membranes in the lungs collect oxygen molecules - Oxygen is transferred to red blood cells - Red blood cells distribute oxygen throughout the body - Perturbation hypothesis: suppose the air in the area is breathable happens, how will it affect less air is pulled from outside the body. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
Ans: no