Instructions: In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. You should write an incorrect option. Even though there exist multiple wrong answers, we only need a single wrong answer. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.
Input: of the injury inflicted. See Leslie v. Ingram, 786 F.2d 1533, 1536 (11th Cir.1986) (citations omitted); Raby v. Baptist Medical Center, 21 F.Supp.2d 1341, 1349 (M.D.Ala.1998); Griffin v. City of Clanton, 932 F.Supp. 1359, 1368 (M.D.Ala.1996). Use of force must be judged on a case-by-case basis "from the perspective of a reasonable officer on the scene, rather than with the 20/20 vision of hindsight." Id. Moreover, "[n]ot every push or shove, even if it may later seem unnecessary in the peace of a judge's chambers," violates the Fourth Amendment. Id. (citing Johnson v. Glick, 481 F.2d 1028, 1033 (2nd Cir.)). Because the excessive force standard establishes no bright line, qualified immunity applies unless every reasonable officer in the Defendant's position would conclude t Cir.1991) (<HOLDING>). Additionally, the court finds that it was
Holding statements: (A) holding that a police officer was not liable for use of excessive force since 951 requirements were satisfied (B) holding that officer did not use excessive force in requiring passenger to lie on ground while he directed shotgun toward her and her companions (C) holding that inquiry as to whether officers are entitled to qualified immunity for use of excessive force is distinct from inquiry on the merits of the excessive force claim (D) holding that a military police officer was entitled to qualified immunity from an excessive force suit when he objectively reasonably believed that he used reasonable force (E) holding that relative to the threat that she posed physically separating tina cortez from her telephone taking her by the arm escorting her from her home taking the keys to her home and locking the door and placing her in the locked back seat of a patrol car was excessive force as well as an unlawful seizure under the fourth amendment
Output:
holding that a police officer was not liable for use of excessive force since 951 requirements were satisfied