Answer the following question given this paragraph: Active versus Passive Immunity Immunity to pathogens, and the ability to control pathogen growth so that damage to the tissues of the body is limited, can be acquired by (1) the active development of an immune response in the infected individual or (2) the passive transfer of immune components from an immune individual to a nonimmune one. Both active and passive immunity have examples in the natural world and as part of medicine. Active immunity is the resistance to pathogens acquired during an adaptive immune response within an individual (Table 21.6). Naturally acquired active immunity, the response to a pathogen, is the focus of this chapter. Artificially acquired active immunity involves the use of vaccines. A vaccine is a killed or weakened pathogen or its components that, when administered to a healthy individual, leads to the development of immunological memory (a weakened primary immune response) without causing much in the way of symptoms. Thus, with the use of vaccines, one can avoid the damage from disease that results from the first exposure to the pathogen, yet reap the benefits of protection from immunological memory. The advent of vaccines was one of the major medical advances of the twentieth century and led to the eradication of smallpox and the control of many infectious diseases, including polio, measles, and whooping cough. Q: Active and passive forms of what enable the body to resist damage from pathogens? Choices: - potential - stem cells - autonomy - immunity A:
immunity
Answer the following question given this paragraph: A change in the sequence of bases in DNA or RNA is called a mutation . Does the word mutation make you think of science fiction and bug-eyed monsters? Think again. Everyone has mutations. In fact, most people have dozens or even hundreds of mutations in their DNA. Mutations are essential for evolution to occur. They are the ultimate source of all new genetic material - new alleles - in a species. Although most mutations have no effect on the organisms in which they occur, some mutations are beneficial. Even harmful mutations rarely cause drastic changes in organisms. Q: What is a change in the sequence of bases in dna or rna called? Choices: - radiation - infection - evolution - mutation A:
mutation
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Storage. Bones store calcium. They contain more calcium than any other organ. Calcium is released by the bones when blood levels of calcium drop too low. The mineral, phosphorus is also stored in bones. Q: What contains more calcium than any other organ? Choices: - fingernails - gall bladder - lungs - bones A:
A: bones
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise as viewed from its North Pole. All of the other planets rotate counterclockwise. Venus turns slowly, making only one turn every 243 days. This is longer than a year on Venus! It takes Venus only 225 days to orbit the Sun. Q: What is the only planet that rotates clockwise as viewed from its north pole? Choices: - uranus - earth - mars - venus A:
Answer: venus
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Producers such as plants or algae use carbon dioxide in the air to make food. The organisms combine carbon dioxide with water to make sugar. They store the sugar as starch. Both sugar and starch are carbohydrates. Consumers get carbon when they eat producers or other consumers. Q: Sugar and starch are examples of what type of nutrient? Choices: - proteins - fat - vitamins - carbohydrates A:
**Answer**
carbohydrates
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: For a star to form, gravity pulls gas and dust into the center of the nebula. As the material becomes denser, the pressure and the temperature increase. When the temperature of the center becomes hot enough, nuclear fusion begins. The ball of gas has become a star!. Q: For a star to form, what force pulls gas and dust into the center of the nebula? Choices: - weight - centrifugal force - motion - gravity A:
A: gravity