[Q]: Process: - Bacteria enters the body - Bloodstream - Cells in the body are attacked - Cells are killed - Different kinds of sickness are formed. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose more bacteria in environment happens, how will it affect more cells are attacked. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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[A]: yes

input: Please answer the following: Process: - Human industry produces chemical compounds - Chemical compounds rise into the air - Chemical compounds mix with elements in clouds - The affected rain falls to the earth - The affected rain can harm natural and man-made objects because of its acidic content. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose more chemical compounds produced happens, how will it affect less chemical compounds rise. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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output: yes

Please answer this: Process: - Magma comes up to the surface of the earth - The magma cools - Particles inside the magma move closer together - Crystals are formed - The crystals contain minerals. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose the bat hears the echo more happens, how will it affect MORE minerals forming. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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Answer: no

Problem: Process: - Blood carried into kidney by the renal artery - Nephrons in the kidney filter the blood - The waste that is filtered out mixes with water - Become urine - Ureters carry urine out of the kidneys. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose kidney suffers from failure happens, how will it affect mixes with water to carry out urine. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A: yes

Problem: Given the question: Process: - Grass and small plants grow in an area - These plants die - The soil gains organic material - The soil becomes more fertile - Larger plants are able to be supported - Trees eventually grow. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose during puberty happens, how will it affect if the organic material is increased. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?
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The answer is:
no

Problem: Process: - Fluid - Waste enters the kidneys - A processing moment in the kidneys let waste and fluid pass - Prevents larger molecules to pass - Fluid goes back to the bloodstream - Bad waste is removed - The final product is turned into urine. Perturbation hypothesis: suppose if the molecules are too large happens, how will it affect MORE waste being removed from the body. Does the supposed perturbation have an effect (direct or indirect) on the process?

A:
yes