Article: In a course at the LSA summer institute in 1991, Alan Prince and Paul Smolensky developed optimality theoryan overall architecture for phonology according to which languages choose a pronunciation of a word that best satisfies a list of constraints ordered by importance; a lower-ranked constraint can be violated when the violation is necessary in order to obey a higher-ranked constraint. The approach was soon extended to morphology by John McCarthy and Alan Prince, and has become a dominant trend in phonology. The appeal to phonetic grounding of constraints and representational elements (e.g. features) in various approaches has been criticized by proponents of 'substance-free phonology', especially Mark Hale and Charles Reiss.

Question: When did Prince and Smolensky develop their theory?
Ans: 1991

Here is a question about this article: It is the most widely used vaccine worldwide, with more than 90% of all children being vaccinated. The immunity it induces decreases after about ten years. As tuberculosis is uncommon in most of Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States, BCG is administered only to those people at high risk. Part of the reasoning against the use of the vaccine is that it makes the tuberculin skin test falsely positive, reducing the test's use in screening. A number of new vaccines are currently in development.
What is the answer to this question: In addition to the U.S. and Canada, what European country sees very few tuberculosis infections?
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So... the United Kingdom

The problem: Answer a question about this article:
Though Jehovah's Witnesses do not accept blood transfusions of whole blood, they may accept some blood plasma fractions at their own discretion. The Watch Tower Society provides pre-formatted durable power of attorney documents prohibiting major blood components, in which members can specify which allowable fractions and treatments they will personally accept. Jehovah's Witnesses have established Hospital Liaison Committees as a cooperative arrangement between individual Jehovah's Witnesses and medical professionals and hospitals.
The Hospital Liaison Committees serve to bridge between hospitals, medical professionals and who?
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The answer: individual Jehovah's Witnesses

Problem: Please answer a question about the following article about Alaska:
According to an October 1998 report by the United States Bureau of Land Management, approximately 65% of Alaska is owned and managed by the U.S. federal government as public lands, including a multitude of national forests, national parks, and national wildlife refuges. Of these, the Bureau of Land Management manages 87 million acres (35 million hectares), or 23.8% of the state. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge is managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. It is the world's largest wildlife refuge, comprising 16 million acres (6.5 million hectares).
How many acres is the Bureau of Land Management in charge of?
A: 87 million

Question: Read this and answer the question

A more sophisticated MP3 encoder can produce variable bitrate audio. MPEG audio may use bitrate switching on a per-frame basis, but only layer III decoders must support it. VBR is used when the goal is to achieve a fixed level of quality. The final file size of a VBR encoding is less predictable than with constant bitrate. Average bitrate is VBR implemented as a compromise between the two: the bitrate is allowed to vary for more consistent quality, but is controlled to remain near an average value chosen by the user, for predictable file sizes. Although an MP3 decoder must support VBR to be standards compliant, historically some decoders have bugs with VBR decoding, particularly before VBR encoders became widespread.

Using VBR instead of a constant bit rate encoding makes which part of encoding less predictable?
Answer: final file size

The number of entrants has increased greatly in recent years. In the 200405 season, 660 clubs entered the competition, beating the long-standing record of 656 from the 192122 season. In 200506 this increased to 674 entrants, in 200607 to 687, in 200708 to 731 clubs, and for the 200809 and 200910 competitions it reached 762. The number has varied slightly but remained roughly stable since then, with 759 clubs participating in 201011, a record 763 in 201112, 758 for 201213, 737 for 201314 and 736 for 201415. By comparison, the other major English domestic cup, the League Cup, involves only the 92 members of the Premier League and Football League.
How many clubs entered in 2007-08?
731