TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
PROBLEM: Context: Incurvarioidea is a superfamily of primitive monotrysian moths in the order Lepidoptera which consists of Leafcutters , yucca moths and relatives . This superfamily is characterised by a piercing , extensible ovipositor used for laying eggs in plants ( Davis , 1999 ) . Many species are day - flying with metallic patterns ., The ovipositor is an organ used by some animals for the laying of eggs.
In insects an ovipositor consists of a maximum of three pairs of appendages. The details and morphology of the ovipositor vary, but typically its form is adapted to functions such as transmitting the egg, preparing a place for it, and placing it properly. In some insects the organ is used merely to attach the egg to some surface, but in many parasitic species (primarily in wasps and other Hymenoptera) it is a piercing organ as well., Ants are eusocial insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera. Ants evolved from wasp-like ancestors in the Cretaceous period, about 99 million years ago and diversified after the rise of flowering plants. More than 12,500 of an estimated total of 22,000 species have been classified. They are easily identified by their elbowed antennae and the distinctive node-like structure that forms their slender waists., The Lepidoptera is an order of insects that includes moths and butterflies (both called lepidopterans). 180,000 species of Lepidoptera are described, in 126 families and 46 superfamilies, 10% of the total described species of living organisms. It is one of the most widespread and widely recognizable insect orders in the world. The term was coined by Linnaeus in 1735 and is derived from Ancient Greek (scale) and (wing). The Lepidoptera show many variations of the basic body structure that have evolved to gain advantages in lifestyle and distribution. Recent estimates suggest the order may have more species than earlier thought, and is among the four most speciose orders, along with the Hymenoptera, Diptera, and Coleoptera., Insects (from Latin ', a calque of Greek ['], "cut into sections") are a class of invertebrates within the arthropod phylum that have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae. They are the most diverse group of animals on the planet, including more than a million described species and representing more than half of all known living organisms. The number of extant species is estimated at between six and ten million, and potentially represent over 90% of the differing animal life forms on Earth. Insects may be found in nearly all environments, although only a small number of species reside in the oceans, a habitat dominated by another arthropod group, crustaceans., Moths comprise a group of insects related to butterflies, belonging to the order Lepidoptera. Most lepidopterans are moths; and there are thought to be approximately 160,000 species of moth, many of which are yet to be described. Most species of moth are nocturnal, but there are also crepuscular and diurnal species., Animals are multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the kingdom Animalia (also called Metazoa). The animal kingdom emerged as a basal clade within Apoikozoa as a sister of the choanoflagellates. Sponges are the most basal clade of animals. Animals are motile, meaning they can move spontaneously and independently at some point in their lives. Their body plan eventually becomes fixed as they develop, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later in their lives. All animals are heterotrophs: they must ingest other organisms or their products for sustenance., A wasp is any insect of the order Hymenoptera and suborder Apocrita that is neither a bee nor an ant. The Apocrita have a common evolutionary ancestor and form a clade; wasps as a group do not form a clade, but are paraphyletic with respect to bees and ants., The Monotrysia are a group of insects in the Lepidopteran order which are not currently considered to be a natural group or clade. The group contains only moths and most of these (apart from the recently discovered family Andesianidae) are small and are relatively understudied (compared to Ditrysia) in many regions of the world. The group is so named because the female has a single genital opening for mating and laying eggs, in contrast to the bulk of the Lepidoptera (Ditrysia), which have two female reproductive openings. They comprise all of the group Heteroneura but the Ditrysia., Subject: incurvarioidea, Relation: parent_taxon, Options: (A) apocrita (B) heteroneura (C) hymenoptera (D) insects (E) lepidoptera (F) metazoa (G) thorax

SOLUTION: heteroneura

PROBLEM: Context: 0304 is the fifth studio album by American singer Jewel. It was released on June 3, 2003 by Atlantic Records. Inspired by the sudden success of scoring a number one on the US "Billboard" Hot Dance Club Play chart with "Serve the Ego"the final single from her previous album, "This Way"in early November 2002, Jewel decided to make a radical departure from her previous folk-oriented musical efforts and recorded a dance album., Atlantic Recording Corporation (simply known as Atlantic Records) is an American record label founded in October 1947 by Ahmet Ertegun and Herb Abramson. Over its first 20 years of operation, Atlantic Records earned a reputation as one of the most important American recording labels, specializing in jazz, R&B and soul recordings by African-American musicians including Aretha Franklin, Ray Charles, Wilson Pickett, Sam and Dave, Ruth Brown and Otis Redding, a position greatly enhanced by its distribution deal with Stax Records. In 1967, Atlantic Records became a wholly owned subsidiary of Warner Bros.-Seven Arts, now the Warner Music Group, and expanded into rock and pop music with releases by bands such as Led Zeppelin and Yes., Pieces of You is the debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Jewel, released on February 28, 1995 by Atlantic Recordings. The album was produced by Ben Keith, who has also produced works for artists such as Neil Young and Patsy Cline., Singer-songwriters are musicians who write, compose, and perform their own musical material, including lyrics and melodies., '' Again and Again '' is the lead single taken from Jewel 's sixth studio album , Goodbye Alice In Wonderland . Promotional singles of the song were sent out in late February 2006 ( US ) ; however , the single did n't start to gain airplay till about mid-April 2006 ., Goodbye Alice in Wonderland is the sixth studio album by singer-songwriter Jewel, released on May 2, 2006, through Atlantic Records. The album marks a return to her musical roots after "0304", and trying to write an autobiographical album like she did with "Pieces of You". The album was written in the form of a novel with each track representing a chapter. Although the first official single was "Again & Again", the title track "Goodbye Alice in Wonderland" debuted a month earlier on her website as an Internet exclusive. The second single, "Good Day" was released to radio in late June 2006. The next single was "Stephenville, TX". A video for it can be seen on Yahoo! Launch., Subject: again and again , Relation: followed_by, Options: (A) 1967 (B) 2 (C) a (D) again (E) album (F) alice (G) aretha (H) as (I) atlantic (J) be (K) ben (L) can (M) dance (N) departure (O) february 28 (P) fifth (Q) first (R) good day (S) goodbye (T) goodbye alice in wonderland (U) hot (V) is (W) jazz (X) jewel (Y) material (Z) may ([) may 2 (\) melodies (]) november (^) now (_) number one (') october (a) over (b) pieces (c) record (d) records (e) roots (f) serve the ego (g) single (h) success (i) the album (j) the final (k) the first (l) the second (m) this (n) us (o) wilson (p) works (q) years (r) yes (s) you (t) young

SOLUTION: good day

PROBLEM: Context: Ystrad Tywi (English: "Vale of [the river] Tywi") is an area of south-west Wales situated on the banks of the Tywi river as it approaches the sea to join the Bristol Channel at Carmarthen. Although Ystrad Tywi was never a kingdom itself, it was a valuable territory and was fought over by the various kings of Dyfed, Deheubarth, Seisyllwg, the Kingdom of Gwynedd, the Kingdom of Morgannwg and the Normans. The area now makes up most of the modern county of Carmarthenshire.
History.
At the start of the 8th century Ystrad Tywi was part of the kingdom of Dyfed. Around the year 730 Seisyll ap Clydog, king of Ceredigion, captured Ystrad Tywi from Rhain ap Cadwgan, king of Dyfed, and annexed it to his own kingdom. The name Seisyllwg was given to the new enlarged kingdom., Hywel Dda or Hywel ap Cadell (c.880 950) was a King of Deheubarth who eventually came to rule most of Wales. He became the sole king of Seisyllwg in 920 and shortly thereafter established Deheubarth, and proceeded to gain control over the entire country from Prestatyn to Pembroke. As a descendant of Rhodri Mawr through his father Cadell, Hywel was a member of the Dinefwr branch of the dynasty. He was recorded as King of the Britons in the "Annales Cambriae" and the "Annals of Ulster"., Wales is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain. It is bordered by England to the east, the Irish Sea to the north and west, and the Bristol Channel to the south. It had a population in 2011 of 3,063,456 and has a total area of . Wales has over of coastline and is largely mountainous, with its higher peaks in the north and central areas, including Snowdon, its highest summit. The country lies within the north temperate zone and has a changeable, maritime climate., Gower or the Gower Peninsula (or ) is a peninsula in the south of Wales, projecting westwards into the Bristol Channel. It is the most westerly part of the county of Glamorgan, however it is currently administered as part of the unitary authority of Swansea. In 1956, Gower became the first area in the United Kingdom to be designated an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty., The Kingdom of Dyfed is one of several Welsh petty kingdoms that emerged in 5th-century sub-Roman Britain in southwest Wales based on the former territory of the Demetae (modern Welsh "Dyfed"). Following the Norman invasion of Wales between 10671100, the region was conquered by the Normans and by 1138 incorporated into a new shire called Pembrokeshire after the Norman castle built in the Cantref of Penfro and under the rule of the Marcher Earl of Pembroke., Seisyllwg was a petty kingdom of medieval Wales. It is unclear when it emerged as a distinct unit, but according to later sources it consisted of the former Kingdom of Ceredigion plus the region known as Ystrad Tywi. Thus it covered the modern county of Ceredigion, part of Carmarthenshire, and the Gower Peninsula. It is evidently named after Seisyll, king of Ceridigion in the 7th or early 8th century, but it is unknown if he was directly responsible for its establishment. In the 10th century Seisyllwg became the center of power for Hywel Dda, who came to rule most of Wales. In 920 Hywel merged Seisyllwg with the Kingdom of Dyfed to form the new kingdom of Deheubarth., Llywarch ap Hyfaidd ( died c. 904 ) was a king of Dyfed in Wales of the High Middle Ages from c. 893 until its conquest around 904 by King Cadell of Ceredigion or Seisyllwg and his son Hywel . Upon Llywarch 's death , the kingdom passed briefly to his brother Rhodri , but Hywel soon consolidated his rule , eventually merging Dyfed with his paternal inheritance as the new kingdom of Deheubarth . Later Welsh tradition held that Hywel inherited Dyfed peacefully through his supposed marriage to Llywarch 's daughter Elen in a manner similar to the stories told about his great - grandfather Merfyn 's acquisition of Gwynedd , his grandfather Rhodri 's acquisition of Powys , and his father 's acquisition of Ceredigion , all of this despite female inheritance of land having no place in the Welsh law of the period . However , the repeated attacks of Cadell and Hywel were recorded in Asser 's Life of King Alfred , where it states Hyfaidd was ., A petty kingdom is a kingdom described as minor or "petty" by contrast to an empire or unified kingdom that either preceded or succeeded it (e.g. the numerous kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England unified into the Kingdom of England in the 10th century, or the numerous Gaelic kingdoms of Ireland unified under the Kingdom of England as the Kingdom of Ireland in the 16th). Alternatively, a petty kingdom would be a minor kingdom in the immediate vicinity of larger kingdoms, such as the medieval Kingdom of Mann and the Isles relative to the kingdoms of Scotland or England or the Viking kingdoms of Scandinavia., Ceredigion is a county in Mid Wales. In the Middle Ages, it was a minor kingdom also known for a time as Seisyllwg. Following its Norman conquest, the name was anglicised to Cardigan and then Cardiganshire and it began to be administered as a county in 1282. The county had a population of 75,900 at the 2011 UK census. Its largest town, Aberystwyth, is one of the two administrative centres; the other being Aberaeron. Aberystwyth houses Aberystwyth University, Bronglais Hospital and the National Library of Wales. The inland town of Lampeter houses part of the University of Wales Trinity Saint David. More than half the population speak the Welsh language and the county is considered a centre of Welsh culture., Deheubarth (lit. "Right-hand Part", thus "the South") was a regional name for the realms of south Wales, particularly as opposed to Gwynedd (Latin: "Venedotia"). It is now used as a shorthand for the various realms united under the House of Dinefwr, but that Deheubarth itself was not considered a proper kingdom on the model of Gwynedd, Powys, or Dyfed is shown by its rendering in Latin as "dextralis pars" or as "Britonnes dexterales" ("the Southern Britons") and not as a named land. In the oldest British writers, "Deheubarth" was used for "all" of modern Wales to distinguish it from "Y Gogledd" or "Hen Ogledd", the northern lands whence Cunedda and the Cymry originated., Carmarthenshire (or informally "Sir Gar") is a unitary authority in the south-west of Wales and is the largest of the thirteen historic counties of Wales. The three largest towns are Llanelli, Carmarthen and Ammanford. Carmarthen is the county town and administrative centre of Carmarthenshire, but the most populous settlement is Llanelli., The Kingdom of Ceredigion was one of several Welsh kingdoms that emerged in 5th-century post-Roman Britain. Its area corresponded roughly to that of the modern county of Ceredigion. The kingdom's hilly geography made it difficult for foreign invaders to conquer. Cardigan Bay bordered to the west. Ceredigion transparently means "the people of Ceredig." , Subject: llywarch ap hyfaidd, Relation: country_of_citizenship, Options: (A) british (B) england (C) hen ogledd (D) ireland (E) kingdom of dyfed (F) new kingdom (G) normans (H) roman britain (I) united kingdom (J) wales

SOLUTION:
kingdom of dyfed