Please answer this: Information: - Newman 's Energy Machine is a DC motor which the inventor , Joseph Newman , claims produces mechanical power exceeding the electrical power being supplied to it ( an over-unity or perpetual motion device ) . In 1979 , Newman attempted to patent the device , but was rejected by the United States Patent Office . When the rejection was later appealed , the United States district court requested that Newman 's machine be tested by the National Bureau of Standards ( NBS ) . The NBS concluded in June 1986 that output power was not greater than the input , and it was not a perpetual motion machine . Thus , the patent was again denied . The scientific community has rejected Newman 's ideas about electricity and magnetism as pseudoscientific and his claims as false . - United States bankruptcy courts are courts created under Article I of the United States Constitution. They function as units of the district courts and have subject-matter jurisdiction over bankruptcy cases. The federal district courts have original and exclusive jurisdiction over all cases arising under the bankruptcy code, (see ), and bankruptcy cases cannot be filed in state court. Each of the 94 federal judicial districts handles bankruptcy matters. The current system of bankruptcy courts was created by United States Congress in 1978, effective April 1, 1984. - The United States district courts are the general trial courts of the United States federal court system. Both civil and criminal cases are filed in the district court, which is a court of law, equity, and admiralty. There is a United States bankruptcy court associated with each United States district court. Each federal judicial district has at least one courthouse, and many districts have more than one. The formal name of a district court is "the United States District Court for" the name of the districtfor example, the "United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri". Given the information, choose the subject and object entities that have the relation of 'start time'.
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Answer: newman's energy machine , 1984
Q: Information: - A caliphate ("khilfa") is an area containing an Islamic steward known as a caliph ("" )a person considered a religious successor to the Islamic prophet, Muhammad (Muhammad ibn Abdullh), and a leader of the entire Muslim community. The Rashidun caliphs, who directly succeeded Muhammad as leaders of the Muslim community, were chosen through "shura, "a process of community consultation that some consider to be an early form of Islamic democracy. During the history of Islam after the Rashidun period, many Muslim states, almost all of them hereditary monarchies, have claimed to be caliphates. - Ab Tamm Mad al-Mustanir bi-llh (; July 5, 1029 January 10, 1094) was the eighth caliph of the Fatimid Caliphate from 1036 until 1094. He was the longest reigning Muslim ruler. - Ab Manr Nizr al - Muafa li - Dnil - Lh ( 1045 - 1097 , Arabic : ) was the founder ( and an Imm ) of the Nizri branch of Ism '' il Shia Islam . Following the death of his father , Al - Mustansir Billah , he was deposed by his brother , Ahmad al - Musta '' l but his son , al - Hd ibn Nizr , escaped to Alamt and took refuge with believers there , thereby continuing the Immate . The followers of Nizr 's descendants constitute the majority of the Ism '' il today , with the smaller Musta '' l branch accepting his younger brother who overthrew him and the Druze ending the Immate before either of them . In his '' History of the Ismailis '' , A.S. Picklay says , '' Although Nizar was the rightful claimant to the throne after his father 's death , his younger brother Ahmad al - Musta '' l , supported by his father - in - law , the chief Vizier Badr al - Jamali , usurped all the power . '' He further writes , '' Mustaali , feeling insecure during Nizar 's existence , plotted against Imam Nizar and finally succeeded in making him a prisoner along with his two sons . '' In Egypt , Imam Nizar continued his struggle up to 490 A.H. , when he was killed . There have been some incorrect theories that Imam Nizar came to Alamut . Thus the Egyptian period of Ismaili Imams came to an end . - A Muslim is someone who follows or practises Islam, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion. Muslims consider the Quran (Koran), their holy book, to be the verbatim word of God as revealed to the Islamic prophet and messenger Muhammad. They also follow the teachings and practices of Muhammad ("sunnah ") as recorded in traditional accounts ("hadith"). "Muslim" is an Arabic word meaning "one who submits (to God)". - The Fatimid Caliphate ("") was an Ismaili Shia Islamic caliphate that spanned a large area of North Africa, from the Red Sea in the east to the Atlantic Ocean in the west. The dynasty ruled across the Mediterranean coast of Africa and ultimately made Egypt the centre of the caliphate. At its height the caliphate included in addition to Egypt varying areas of the Maghreb, Sudan, Sicily, the Levant, and Hijaz. Given the information, choose the subject and object entities that have the relation of 'place of birth'.
A:
nizar , fatimid caliphate