The clone stamp lets you pick up part of the image, and copy over another part of the image. Click the icon that resembles a rubber stamp or press "S" on your keyboard to select the Clone Stamp tool. Use the following steps to use the Clone Stamp tool. Click the icon with your current brush select to the right of the icon that resembles the Clone Stamp tool in the upper-left corner to display the bursh menu. Select a brush from the menu. Using the slider bar below "Size" to set the size of the Clone Stamp brush. You can also press "[" or "]" to change the brush size while using the Clone Stamp tool. Use the slider bar next to hardness to change the hardness of the brush. The Clone Stamp tool usually works better when you use a soft brush setting. Hold the Option or Alt key and click an area you want to sample. This samples the area and allows it to be stamped using the clone stamp tool. Click the area you want to stamp over. This stamps the area you sampled over the area you clicked on. This is useful for removing spots and blemishes on an image. Sample the area next to the spot or blemish and then stamp over it. Click the icon that resembles a paintbrush with a swirl around it or press "Y" to select the History brush tool. The History Brush allows you to paint a previous version of the image back into your current image. Use the following steps to use the History Brush tool: Scroll to the top of the History tab. If it's not showing, select History from the Window menu. Click the checkbox next to the version of the image you want to revert to. Use the History Brush to paint a previous version of your image into your current image. For example, if you used the Clone Stamp tool to erase an object in your image, you can use the History Brush tool to paint it back in. Click the icon that resembles a double-ended eraser or press "J" to select the Spot Healing Brush tool. Click over a spot or blemish you want to remove from the image. The Spot Healing Brush tool uses the surrounding area to erase the blemish. Use the Brush menu in the upper-left corner to select a brush type, size and change the hardness. The Spot Healing Tool works best if you use a softer brush type. The Dodge tool is used to lighten parts of an image. It has an icon that resembles a bulb syringe. The Burn tool darkens a part of an image. It has an icon that resembles a hand pinching. The sponge tool soaks up color. It has an icon that resembles a sponge. All these tools are bundled together in the toolbar to the left. Click and hold whichever icon appears in the toolbar to display a pop-up menu with all the tools. Select whichever tool you want to use in the menu and single-click over the area of your image you want to apply the brush to. Use the Brush menu in the upper-left corner to select the brush you want to use, as well as the size and hardness. You can also adjust the brush size by press "[" and "]". The Dodge, Burn, and Sponge tools work best if you have a soft brush. Click and hold the Spot Healing Brush tool and then click the icon that resembles an eye in the pop-out menu to select the Red-eye tool. Click and drag over red eyes in your image to remove the red eye.

Summary: Use the Clone Stamp tool. Use the History Brush tool. Select the Spot Healing Brush. Use the Dodge, Burn, and Sponge tools. Use the Red-eye tool.

Put on a pair of pants that fit you well. Then attach the two lengths of elastic to the back of the pants using the clips. Bring each strap up and over each shoulder, forming an "X" in the back. Pull the straps over your shoulders and to the front. Attach the front clips to your pants. Have someone help you pin the two elastic straps together where they meet in the back. This will hold the crisscross in place so you can sew it together. Take off the suspenders first by undoing all the clips. Use your sewing machine or a needle and thread to sew a diamond of stitches where the suspenders overlap, securing the "X" shape. You'll need about 5 stitches in each direction.

Summary: Attach the clips to the rear waistband of a pair of pants. Crisscross the straps. Attach the clips in the front. Pin together the elastic in the back. Sew the two pieces together.

Study the color, shape, texture, and size of random things you encounter throughout your day. Look at the face of the person you're talking to. Notice how light affects the shadows and the shape of their features. Pay special attention to how light looks on certain textures like clothing and skin. Noticing these things will help you gain a better understanding of how real objects look with different types of light hitting them. As a fun exercise, try to describe objects without using their names to help you visualize and capture shapes. For example, if you're looking at a tree, you might describe the trunk as a sloping cylinder and the leaves as tiny lemon shapes. When you're looking at something, notice any color variations and how that causes your eyes to want to linger or move to another area. Note the subtle hues within a certain color (like all the different shades of red on an apple). For instance, if you're looking at a brightly colored tulip, note how the hot pink petals contrast with the soft green hue of the stem and how your eyes are drawn to the lighter tips of the petals. Take time to squint your eyes at a particular thing, landscape, or scene. Squinting minimizes your eyes ability to see color and detail and blurs the distinctions between things. This is especially helpful if you want to paint a mass of individual things that are far away like a landscape or a forest full of trees. Squinting will also help you distinguish between shadows and light. When you're looking at a particular object or scene, notice the background space (like a wall, table, or backdrop). Allowing negative space in your paintings will give it a sense of balance or tension depending on the scene and overall esthetic. For example, take note of the colors, shadows, and textures of objects behind the central objects you'd like to paint. For instance, a burnt orange wall with a diagonal shadow can make the candles and flowers in the foreground stand out more. Notice how certain objects are put together to create shapes or lines. The geometry of a particular scene or collection of objects draws the spectator's in a particular pattern. For example, imagine a still scene of a bookstore. The aisle on the left creates a line that moves the eye vertically, a string twinkle lights between shelves might move the eye across the top, and another shelf encourages the eye to move up or down. The vertical eye movements on each side of the painting might act as a sort of frame for the still-life piece.
Summary: Take time to express curiosity in your surroundings. Identify variations in color so you can accurately recreate them. Squint at objects to see their composition of shape and color. Use negative space to create balance or tension. Study the composition of a particular scene or object.