In this task, you will be shown a sentence, and you should determine whether it is overruling or non-overruling. In law, an overruling sentence is a statement that nullifies a previous case decision as a precedent by a constitutionally valid statute or a decision by the same or higher ranking court which establishes a different rule on the point of law involved. Classify your answers into overruling or non-overruling

Input: Consider Input: applying the holdings in brown and green in light of caudillo, the facts of this case do not satisfy the simple kidnapping asportation standard.

Output: overruling

Input: Consider Input: we therefore disapprove the discussion in russell v. roberts, supra, 39 cal.app.3d at pages 394-395, and the dicta in goodyear v. mack, supra, 159 cal.app.3d at pages 659-660, and shepherd v. robinson, supra, 128 cal.app.3d at page 626.

Output: overruling

Input: Consider Input: id. nor would the transaction undermine the commission's ability to exercise its ""full regulatory powers"" over utilities.
Output: non-overruling