Q: In 1166, after losing the protection of High King Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn, King Diarmait Mac Murchada of Leinster was forcibly exiled by a confederation of Irish forces under King Ruaidri mac Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair. Fleeing first to Bristol and then to Normandy, Diarmait obtained permission from Henry II of England to use his subjects to regain his kingdom. By the following year, he had obtained these services and in 1169 the main body of Norman, Welsh and Flemish forces landed in Ireland and quickly retook Leinster and the cities of Waterford and Dublin on behalf of Diarmait. The leader of the Norman force, Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, more commonly known as Strongbow, married Diarmait's daughter, Aoife, and was named tanaiste to the Kingdom of Leinster. This caused consternation to Henry II, who feared the establishment of a rival Norman state in Ireland. Accordingly, he resolved to visit Leinster to establish his authority. Henry landed in 1171, proclaiming Waterford and Dublin as Royal Cities. Adrian's successor, Pope Alexander III, ratified the grant of Ireland to Henry in 1172. The 1175 Treaty of Windsor between Henry and Ruaidhri maintained Ruaidhri as High King of Ireland but codified Henry's control of Leinster, Meath and Waterford. However, with Diarmuid and Strongbow dead, Henry back in England, and Ruaidhri unable to curb his vassals, the high kingship rapidly lost control of the country. Henry, in 1185, awarded his younger son, John, the title Dominus Hiberniae, "Lord of Ireland". This kept the newly created title and the Kingdom of England personally and legally separate. However, when John unexpectedly succeeded his brother as King of England in 1199, the Lordship of Ireland fell back into personal union with the Kingdom of England.
How many years after Henry arrived and proclaimed Waterford and Dublin as Royal Cities did Pope Alexander III ratify the grant of Ireland to Henry?
A: 1

Q: The Seahawks began their 2008 campaign on the road against the Buffalo Bills. In the first quarter, Seattle trailed early as Bills RB Marshawn Lynch got a 21-yard TD run. In the second quarter, the Seahawks continued to struggle as WR/PR Roscoe Parrish returned a punt 63 yards for a touchdown. Seattle responded with QB Matt Hasselbeck completing a 20-yard TD pass to WR Nate Burleson. Buffalo closed out the half with kicker Rian Lindell getting a 35-yard and a 38-yard field goal. In the third quarter, the Seahawks replied with kicker Olindo Mare nailing a 45-yard field goal. However, the Bills pulled a trick play on Seattle. Appearing to go for a 32-yard field goal, Buffalo's holder (punter Brian Moorman) instead threw a 19-yard TD pass to DE Ryan Denney. The Bills pulled away with QB Trent Edwards completing a 30-yard TD pass to TE Robert Royal.
Which team scored the most points?
A: The Bills pulled away

Q: In his first season with the team, he hit for a career low .247 while having 88 RBIs, 20 home runs, 29 doubles and 147 hits in 160 games. The following year, he improved to a .330 average while having 95 RBIs, 26 home runs, 22 doubles and 184 hits in 155 games. He had 64 strike outs (his lowest since 49 in 1986) while having 87 walks, the most since he had 84 in 1985. He was awarded the Silver Slugger Award for the third and final time while finishing 5th in the MVP balloting. He lost the List of Major League Baseball batting champions to Willie McGee in a narrow margin; McGee had been traded from the St. Louis Cardinals to the Oakland Athletics but had enough plate appearances to qualify for the batting title, hitting .335 to Murrays .330, though McGee hit .274 with the As (making his season average .324), which meant that Murray led the major leagues despite not winning the batting title. The 1991 season was his last with the Dodgers. He hit for .260 while having 96 RBIs, 19 home runs, 23 doubles and 150 hits in 153 games. He had 74 strike outs along with 55 walks (the lowest since having 40 in the injury shortened year of 1981). Despite this, he was named to the 1991 Major League Baseball All-Star Game. On October 29, 1991, he was granted free agency.
How many more RBIs were accomplished in the second season with the team than in the first one?
A: 7

Q: Hoping to rebound from their embarrassing road loss to the Steelers, the Seahawks went home for Sunday Night football, as they hosted the winless New Orleans Saints. In the first quarter, Seattle trailed early as a blocked punt would result in New Orleans RB Pierre Thomas returning the loose ball 5 yards for a touchdown, along with the only score of the period. In the second quarter, the 'Hawks continued to trail as Saints QB Drew Brees completed a 3-yard TD pass to TE Eric Johnson, while WR Lance Moore got a 7-yard TD run. The Seahawks would respond with QB Matt Hasselbeck completing a 17-yard TD pass to WR Ben Obomanu. However, New Orleans went back to work with Brees completing a 2-yard TD pass to WR Marques Colston. Seattle would end the half with kicker Josh Brown getting a 52-yard field goal. After a scoreless third quarter, the 'Hawks tried to rally in the fourth quarter, but all they could get was Hasselbeck's 22-yard TD pass to WR Nate Burleson.
In which quarters did only one team score?
A:
first