Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.
One example: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous disease with an uncertain pathogenesis. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) represent a recently discovered cell population which has been implicated in driving Th2 inflammation in CRS; however, their relationship with clinical disease characteristics has yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to identify ILC2s in sinus mucosa in patients with CRS and controls and compare ILC2s across characteristics of disease. A cross-sectional study of patients with CRS undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery was conducted. Sinus mucosal biopsies were obtained during surgery and control tissue from patients undergoing pituitary tumour resection through transphenoidal approach. ILC2s were identified as CD45(+) Lin(-) CD127(+) CD4(-) CD8(-) CRTH2(CD294)(+) CD161(+) cells in single cell suspensions through flow cytometry. ILC2 frequencies, measured as a percentage of CD45(+) cells, were compared across CRS phenotype, endotype, inflammatory CRS subtype and other disease characteristics including blood eosinophils, serum IgE, asthma status and nasal symptom score. 35 patients (40% female, age 48 17 years) including 13 with eosinophilic CRS (eCRS), 13 with non-eCRS and 9 controls were recruited. ILC2 frequencies were associated with the presence of nasal polyps (P = 0.002) as well as high tissue eosinophilia (P = 0.004) and eosinophil-dominant CRS (P = 0.001) (Mann-Whitney U). They were also associated with increased blood eosinophilia (P = 0.005). There were no significant associations found between ILC2s and serum total IgE and allergic disease. In the CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) population, ILC2s were increased in patients with co-existing asthma (P = 0.03). ILC2s were also correlated with worsening nasal symptom score in CRS (P = 0.04).
Solution is here: 1
Explanation: There is a line in the passage which say 'The aim of this study was...' which suggests that it is talking about a specific aim. Hence, the output should be 1 as this passage has a definite aim.

Now, solve this: Recently, several reports have described the ability of recombinant baculoviruses to transduce a variety of mammalian cells. Yet, mechanisms involved in baculovirus entry in those cells remain largely unexplored, particularly at the primary binding step of the virions to the cell membrane.', 'This report focused on the primary virus-cell interactions that lead to in vitro transduction of human 293 cells using a polyhedrin-deleted baculovirus harboring a CMV-driven beta-galactosidase gene (BacLacZ).', 'Infection rate monitored for 8 h and transduction rate with a multiplicity of infection of up to 800 were, both, non-saturable. Temperatures from 37 degrees C to 4 degrees C dramatically impaired BacLacZ but not adenovirus cell attachment. Competitive infections performed with an excess of a non LacZ-expressing baculovirus hardly competed at a 1/1 ratio. Consistent with an adsorptive binding process onto the cell surface, interactions through electrostatic charges between both viral and cell membranes appeared to be critical for BacLacZ transduction. The addition of polybrene to the cells prior to or during the infection prevented both virus binding and LacZ gene transfer, suggesting the involvement of negatively charged epitopes exposed at the cell surface. The simultaneous presence of the highly charged heparin abrogated BacLacZ binding to the cell surface and subsequent gene transfer. Lastly, direct in vitro binding of BacLacZ to heparin but not BSA columns could be demonstrated after elution of infectious BacLacZ virus in high salt molarity.
Solution:
0