In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
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Question: Context: Lake Erie is the fourth-largest lake (by surface area) of the five Great Lakes in North America, and the thirteenth-largest globally if measured in terms of surface area. It is the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the Great Lakes and therefore also has the shortest average water residence time. At its deepest point Lake Erie is deep. Lake Erie's northern shore is bounded by the Canadian province of Ontario, with the U.S. states of Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York on its southern and easternmost shores and Michigan on the west. These jurisdictions divide the surface area of the lake by water boundaries. The lake was named by the Erie people, a Native Americans people who lived along its southern shore. That Iroquoian tribe called it ""Erige"" "("cat")" because of its unpredictable and sometimes violently dangerous nature. It is a matter of conjecture whether the lake was named after the tribe, or if the tribe was called ""Erie"" because of its proximity to the lake., The hyphen () is a punctuation mark used to join words and to separate syllables of a single word. The use of hyphens is called hyphenation. The hyphen should not be confused with dashes (, , , ), which are longer and have different uses, or with the minus sign (), which is also longer in some contexts., Maryland is a state located in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia, and Washington, D.C. to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east. The state's largest city is Baltimore, and its capital is Annapolis. Among its occasional nicknames are "Old Line State", the "Free State", and the "Chesapeake Bay State". The state is named after Henrietta Maria of France, the wife of Charles I of England. , ZIP Codes are a system of postal codes used by the United States Postal Service (USPS) since 1963. The term "ZIP", an acronym for Zone Improvement Plan, was chosen to suggest that the mail travels more efficiently, and therefore more quickly (zipping along), when senders use the code in the postal address. The basic format consists of five numerical digits. An extended ZIP+4 code, introduced in 1983, includes the five digits of the ZIP Code, a hyphen, and four additional digits that determine a more specific location within a given ZIP Code., A digit is a numeric symbol (such as "2" or "5") used in combinations (such as "25") to represent numbers (such as the number 25) in positional numeral systems. The name "digit" comes from the fact that the 10 digits (Latin "digiti" meaning fingers) of the hands correspond to the 10 symbols of the common base 10 numeral system, i.e. the decimal (ancient Latin adjective "decem" meaning ten) digits., The mail or post is a system for physically transporting documents and other small packages; or, the postcards, letters, and parcels themselves. A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century national postal systems have generally been established as government monopolies with a fee on the article prepaid. Proof of payment is often in the form of adhesive postage stamps, but postage meters are also used for bulk mailing. Modern private postal systems are typically distinguished from national postal agencies by the names "courier" or "delivery service"., Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania German: "Pennsylvaani"), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. The Appalachian Mountains run through its middle. The commonwealth borders Delaware to the southeast, Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, Lake Erie and the Canadian province of Ontario to the northwest, New York to the north, and New Jersey to the east., Ohio is an Eastern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States. Ohio is the 34th largest by area, the 7th most populous, and the 10th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The state's capital and largest city is Columbus., A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout the world as a postcode, post code, Eircode, PIN Code or ZIP Code ) is a series of letters and/or digits, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail., New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern United States and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania, and on the southwest by Delaware. New Jersey is the fourth-smallest state but the 11th-most populous and the most densely populated of the 50 United States. New Jersey lies entirely within the combined statistical areas of New York City and Philadelphia and is the third-wealthiest U.S. state by per capita income as of 2014., Delaware is a state located in the Mid-Atlantic and/or Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered to the south and west by Maryland, to the northeast by New Jersey, and to the north by Pennsylvania. The state takes its name from Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, an English nobleman and Virginia's first colonial governor., West Virginia is a state located in the Appalachian region of the Southern United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the southeast, Kentucky to the southwest, Ohio to the northwest, Pennsylvania to the north (and, slightly, east), and Maryland to the northeast. West Virginia is the 41st largest by area, the 38th most populous, and has the second lowest household income of the 50 United States. The capital and largest city is Charleston., This list of current cities , towns , unincorporated communities , counties , and other recognized places in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania also includes information on the number and names of counties in which the place lies , and its lower and upper zip code bounds , if applicable ., Ontario, one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada, is located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province by a large margin, accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians, and is the second-largest province in total area. Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are included. It is home to the nation's capital city, Ottawa, and the nation's most populous city, Toronto., The Appalachian Mountains, often called the Appalachians, are a system of mountains in eastern North America. The Appalachians first formed roughly 480 million years ago during the Ordovician Period. It once reached elevations similar to those of the Alps and the Rocky Mountains before naturally occurring erosion. The Appalachian chain is a barrier to east-west travel, as it forms a series of alternating ridgelines and valleys oriented in opposition to most roads running east or west., Subject: list of places in pennsylvania: b, Relation: is_a_list_of, Options: (A) ancient (B) baron (C) capital (D) century (E) city (F) governor (G) household income (H) lake (I) location (J) name (K) people (L) postal code (M) single (N) state (O) symbol (P) system (Q) term

Answer: city

Question: Context: Karen Traviss is a science fiction author from Wiltshire, England. She is the author of the Wess'Har series, and is also known for writing tie-in material based on "Star Wars", "Gears of War", "Halo", and "G.I. Joe". Her work crosses various forms of media including novels, short stories, comics, and video games., The Legacy of the Force is a series of nine science fiction novels set in the "Star Wars" expanded universe, taking place approximately 40 years after the events of "" (in Star Wars chronology, from 40 ABY to 41 ABY). The series was written by Troy Denning, Aaron Allston and Karen Traviss in an alternating cycle., The Empire Strikes Back (also known as Star Wars: Episode V The Empire Strikes Back) is a 1980 American epic space opera film directed by Irvin Kershner. Leigh Brackett and Lawrence Kasdan wrote the screenplay, with George Lucas writing the film's story and serving as executive producer. The second installment in the original "Star Wars" trilogy, it was produced by Gary Kurtz for Lucasfilm Ltd. and stars Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Billy Dee Williams, Anthony Daniels, David Prowse, Kenny Baker, Peter Mayhew and Frank Oz., The Death Star refers to any of several fictional mobile space stations and galactic superweapons appearing in the "Star Wars" science-fiction franchise created by George Lucas. The DS-1 Platform was stated to be 160 km in diameter with a volume of 7,240,000 square kilometers, or approximately 1/25 the size of Earth's Moon. It was crewed by an estimated 1.7 million military personnel and 400,000 droids. The second Death Star was significantly larger160km in diameterand more advanced than its predecessor. Both versions of these dwarf planet-sized fortresses were designed for massive power projection capabilities, capable of destroying an entire planet with one blast from their superlasers., Mark Richard Hamill (born September 25, 1951) is an American actor, voice actor, and writer. He is known for playing Luke Skywalker in the "Star Wars" film series. His other works include "Corvette Summer" (1978) and "The Big Red One" (1980), among other television shows and movies. Hamill has also appeared on stage in several theater productions, primarily during the 1980s., David Prowse, MBE (born 1 July 1935) is an English bodybuilder, weightlifter and character actor in British film and television. Worldwide, he is best known for playing Darth Vader in the original "Star Wars" trilogy, though the character's voice was provided by James Earl Jones. In the United Kingdom, he is also remembered as the Green Cross Code man, a character used in British road safety advertising., Troy Denning (born 1958) is a fantasy and science fiction author and game designer who has written more than two dozen novels., Howard G. Kazanjian (born 1942) is an American film producer known for "Raiders of the Lost Ark" and "Return of the Jedi". Kazanjian is also a former 8-year Vice President of Lucasfilm, Ltd., and a published non-fiction author., Aaron Dale Allston (December 8, 1960 February 27, 2014) was an American game designer and author of many science fiction books, notably "Star Wars" novels. His works as a game designer include game supplements for role-playing games, several of which served to establish the basis for products and subsequent development of TSR's "Dungeons & Dragons" game setting Mystara. His later works as a novelist include those of the "" series: "Wraith Squadron", "Iron Fist", "Solo Command", "Starfighters of Adumar", and "Mercy Kill". He wrote two entries in the "New Jedi Order" series: "" and "". Allston wrote three of the nine Legacy of the Force novels: "Betrayal", "Exile", and "Fury", and three of the nine Fate of the Jedi novels: "Outcast", "Backlash", and "Conviction"., Return of the Jedi (also known as Star Wars: Episode VI Return of the Jedi) is a 1983 American epic space opera film directed by Richard Marquand. The screenplay by Lawrence Kasdan and George Lucas was from a story by Lucas, who was also the executive producer. It was the third and final installment in the original "Star Wars" trilogy and the first film to use THX technology. The film is set one year after "The Empire Strikes Back" and was produced by Howard Kazanjian for Lucasfilm Ltd. The film stars Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Billy Dee Williams, Anthony Daniels, David Prowse, Kenny Baker, Peter Mayhew and Frank Oz., Starfighters of Adumar (1999) is the ninth book in the "" series. It was written by Aaron Allston., "The Wess'har Wars" series is a six book science fiction novel series written by author Karen Traviss and is set several hundred years in the future. It involves humanity's contact with a number of alien species with conflicting interests and beliefs, while her central character, Shan Frankland, is caught in the middle of a coming conflict.
All six novels have been published by Eos, an imprint of HarperCollins: "City of Pearl", "Crossing the Line", "The World Before", "Matriarch" and "Ally" (formerly "Task Force"). The last book of the series, "Judge" was released on March 25, 2008., Solo Command (1999) is the seventh novel in the "" series, and the final book to detail the adventures of Wraith Squadron. It was written by Aaron Allston., Harrison Ford (born July 13, 1942) is an American actor and film producer. He gained worldwide fame for his starring roles as Han Solo in the "Star Wars" film series and as the title character of the "Indiana Jones" film series. Ford is also known for his roles as Rick Deckard in the neo-noir dystopian science fiction film "Blade Runner" (1982), John Book in the thriller "Witness" (1985), for which he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor, and Jack Ryan in the action films "Patriot Games" (1992) and "Clear and Present Danger" (1994)., Mystara is a campaign setting for the "Dungeons & Dragons" fantasy role playing game. It was the default setting for the "Basic" version of the game popular through the 1980s., Betrayal is the first of nine books in the Legacy of the Force series , which is set in the fictional Star Wars expanded universe . The book is written by Aaron Allston and was released in hardcover on May 30 , 2006 . The cover artist is Jason Felix . The paperback edition was released in May 2007 and also contained a small excerpt from Bloodlines by Karen Traviss , and reprints of two short stories , In His Image and A Two - Edged Sword by Karen Traviss . The book takes place 35 years after Return of the Jedi . Starwars.com has posted the text from the book 's dust jacket . Betrayal is followed by the second book in the series , Bloodlines ., The Jedi are the main protagonists in the "Star Wars" universe. They are depicted as an ancient monastic and academic meritocratic organization whose origin dates back to "25,000 BBY" ("Before Battle of Yavin"; the destruction of the first Death Star)., Lawrence Edward Kasdan (born January 14, 1949) is an American screenwriter, director and producer. He is best known as co-writer of the films "The Empire Strikes Back", "Raiders of the Lost Ark", and "Return of the Jedi". Kasdan co-wrote the "Star Wars" sequel trilogy film "", and will co-write the series' Han Solo spin-off film., Richard Marquand (22 September 1937 4 September 1987) was a Welsh film director, best known for directing "Return of the Jedi". He also directed the critically acclaimed 1981 drama film "Eye of the Needle" and the 1985 thriller "Jagged Edge"., William December "Billy Dee" Williams Jr. (born April 6, 1937) is an American actor, artist, singer, and writer. He is best known for his role as Lando Calrissian in the "Star Wars" film franchise, as well as acting in the movies "Brian's Song", "Nighthawks," "The Last Angry Man," "Carter's Army," and for playing Harvey Dent in Tim Burton's "Batman" (1989)., Star Wars is an American epic space opera franchise, centered on a film series created by George Lucas. It depicts the adventures of various characters "a long time ago in a galaxy far, far away"., Science fiction (often shortened to SF, sci-fi or scifi) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life. Science fiction often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other innovations, and has been called a "literature of ideas." It usually avoids the supernatural, and unlike the related genre of fantasy, historically science fiction stories were intended to have a grounding in science-based fact or theory at the time the story was created, but this connection is now limited to hard science fiction., THX is an American company headquartered in San Francisco, California, and founded in 1983 by George Lucas. It develops the "THX" high fidelity audio/visual reproduction standards for movie theaters, screening rooms, home theaters, computer speakers, gaming consoles, car audio systems, and video games., Carrie Frances Fisher (October 21, 1956 December 27, 2016) was an American actress, writer and humorist. She first became known for playing Princess Leia in the "Star Wars" film series. Her other film roles included "Shampoo" (1975), "The Blues Brothers" (1980), "Hannah and Her Sisters" (1986), "The 'Burbs" (1989), and "When Harry Met Sally..." (1989)., A screenplay or script is a written work by screenwriters for a film, video game, or television program. These screenplays can be original works or adaptations from existing pieces of writing. In them, the movement, actions, expression, and dialogues of the characters are also narrated. A screenplay written for television is also known as a teleplay., Subject: betrayal , Relation: genre, Options: (A) action (B) advertising (C) blues (D) book (E) drama (F) dungeons & dragons (G) epic (H) fantasy (I) fiction (J) game (K) hard science fiction (L) literature (M) novel (N) opera (O) science (P) science fiction film (Q) science fiction novel (R) screenplay (S) sequel (T) song (U) space (V) speculative fiction (W) supernatural (X) technology (Y) television (Z) theater ([) travel (\) universe (]) video (^) war (_) welsh

Answer: science fiction novel

Question: Context: Philosophy (from Greek , "philosophia", literally "love of wisdom") is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. The term was probably coined by Pythagoras (c. 570 c. 495 BC). Philosophical methods include questioning, critical discussion, rational argument and systematic presentation. Classic philosophical questions include: Is it possible to know anything and to prove it? What is most real? However, philosophers might also pose more practical and concrete questions such as: Is there a best way to live? Is it better to be just or unjust (if one can get away with it)? Do humans have free will?, In philosophy and logic, an argument is a series of statements typically used to persuade someone of something or to present reasons for accepting a conclusion. The general form of an argument in a natural language is that of premises (typically in the form of propositions, statements or sentences) in support of a claim: the conclusion. The structure of some arguments can also be set out in a formal language, and formally defined "arguments" can be made independently of natural language arguments, as in math, logic, and computer science., Modern humans ("Homo sapiens", primarily ssp. "Homo sapiens sapiens") are the only extant members of Hominina tribe (or human tribe), a branch of the tribe Hominini belonging to the family of great apes. They are characterized by erect posture and bipedal locomotion; manual dexterity and increased tool use, compared to other animals; and a general trend toward larger, more complex brains and societies., In neuropsychology, linguistics and the philosophy of language, a natural language or ordinary language is any language that has evolved naturally in humans through use and repetition without conscious planning or premeditation. Natural languages can take different forms, such as speech, signing, or writing. They are distinguished from constructed and formal languages such as those used to program computers or to study logic., The Doomsday argument (DA) is a probabilistic argument that claims to predict the number of future members of the human species given only an estimate of the total number of humans born so far. Simply put, it says that supposing that all humans are born in a random order, chances are that any one human is born roughly in the middle., In biology, a species (abbreviated sp., with the plural form species abbreviated spp.) is the basic unit of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which two individuals can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. While this definition is often adequate, looked at more closely it is often problematic. For example, in a species complex, the boundaries between closely related species become unclear or disappear altogether. Other ways of defining species include similarity of DNA, morphology, or ecological niche. The presence of locally adaptive traits may further subdivide species into infraspecific taxa such as subspecies., Self - referencing doomsday argument rebuttals attempt to refute the Doomsday argument ( that there is a credible link between the brevity of the human race 's existence and its expected extinction ) by applying the same reasoning to the lifetime of the Doomsday argument ( DA ) itself . The first researchers to write about this were P. T. Landsberg and J. N. Dewynne in 1997 ; they applied belief in the DA to itself , and claimed that a paradox results ., In mathematics, computer science, and linguistics, a formal language is a set of strings of symbols together with a set of rules that are specific to it., Reason is the capacity for consciously making sense of things, applying logic, establishing and verifying facts, and changing or justifying practices, institutions, and beliefs based on new or existing information. It is closely associated with such characteristically human activities as philosophy, science, language, mathematics, and art and is normally considered to be a definitive characteristic of human nature.
Reason, or an aspect of it, is sometimes referred to as rationality. , The term proposition has a broad use in contemporary philosophy. It is used to refer to some or all of the following: the primary bearers of truth-value, the objects of belief and other "propositional attitudes" (i.e., what is believed, doubted, etc.), the referents of that-clauses, and the meanings of declarative sentences. Propositions are the sharable objects of attitudes and the primary bearers of truth and falsity. This stipulation rules out certain candidates for propositions, including thought- and utterance-tokens which are not sharable, and concrete events or facts, which cannot be false., Subject: self-referencing doomsday argument rebuttal, Relation: instance_of, Options: (A) argument (B) aspect (C) belief (D) biological classification (E) biology (F) computer (G) formal language (H) homo (I) human (J) humans (K) information (L) language (M) logic (N) mathematics (O) offspring (P) philosophy (Q) planning (R) presentation (S) probabilistic argument (T) rank (U) reason (V) science (W) sense (X) series (Y) speech (Z) structure ([) study (\) term (]) tool (^) tribe (_) truth (') two (a) utterance (b) value (c) writing

Answer:
probabilistic argument