Teacher: In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
Teacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:
SECTION 1. LIABILITY OF BUSINESS ENTITIES PROVIDING USE OF FACILITIES
TO NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS.

(a) Definitions.--In this section:
(1) Business entity.--The term ''business entity'' means a
firm, corporation, association, partnership, consortium, joint
venture, or other form of enterprise.
(2) Facility.--The term ''facility'' means any real
property, including any building, improvement, or appurtenance.
(3) Gross negligence.--The term ''gross negligence'' means
voluntary and conscious conduct by a person with knowledge (at
the time of the conduct) that the conduct is likely to be
harmful to the health or well-being of another person.
(4) Intentional misconduct.--The term ''intentional
misconduct'' means conduct by a person with knowledge (at the
time of the conduct) that the conduct is harmful to the health
or well-being of another person.
(5) Nonprofit organization.--The term ''nonprofit
organization'' means--
(A) any organization described in section 501(c)(3)
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from
tax under section 501(a) of such Code; or
(B) any not-for-profit organization organized and
conducted for public benefit and operated primarily for
charitable, civic, educational, religious, welfare, or
health purposes.
(6) State.--The term ''State'' means each of the several
States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto
Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern
Mariana Islands, any other territory or possession of the
United States, or any political subdivision of any such State,
territory, or possession.
(b) Limitation on Liability.--
(1) In general.--Subject to subsection (c), a business
entity shall not be subject to civil liability relating to any
injury or death occurring at a facility of the business entity
in connection with a use of such facility by a nonprofit
organization if--
(A) the use occurs outside of the scope of business
of the business entity;
(B) such injury or death occurs during a period
that such facility is used by the nonprofit
organization; and
(C) the business entity authorized the use of such
facility by the nonprofit organization.
(2) Application.--This subsection shall apply--
(A) with respect to civil liability under Federal
and State law; and
(B) regardless of whether a nonprofit organization
pays for the use of a facility.
(c) Exception for Liability.--Subsection (b) shall not apply to an
injury or death that results from an act or omission of a business
entity that constitutes gross negligence or intentional misconduct,
including any misconduct that--
(1) constitutes a crime of violence (as that term is
defined in section 16 of title 18, United States Code) or act
of international terrorism (as that term is defined in section
2331 of title 18) for which the defendant has been convicted in
any court;
(2) constitutes a hate crime (as that term is used in the
Hate Crime Statistics Act (28 U.S.C. 534 note));
(3) involves a sexual offense, as defined by applicable
State law, for which the defendant has been convicted in any
court; or
(4) involves misconduct for which the defendant has been
found to have violated a Federal or State civil rights law.
(d) Superseding Provision.--
(1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2) and subsection
(e), this Act preempts the laws of any State to the extent that
such laws are inconsistent with this Act, except that this Act
shall not preempt any State law that provides additional
protection from liability for a business entity for an injury
or death with respect to which conditions under subparagraphs
(A) through (C) of subsection (b)(1) apply.
(2) Limitation.--Nothing in this Act shall be construed to
supersede any Federal or State health or safety law.
(e) Election of State Regarding Nonapplicability.--This Act shall
not apply to any civil action in a State court against a business
entity in which all parties are citizens of the State if such State
enacts a statute--
(1) citing the authority of this subsection;
(2) declaring the election of such State that this Act
shall not apply to such civil action in the State; and
(3) containing no other provision.
Solution: Shields a business entity from civil liability relating to any injury or death occurring at a facility of that entity in connection with a use of such facility by a nonprofit organization if: (1) the use occurs outside the scope of business of the business entity; (2) such injury or death occurs during a period that such facility is used by such organization; and (3) the business entity authorized the use of such facility by the organization.
Makes this Act inapplicable to an injury or death that results from an act or omission of a business entity that constitutes gross negligence or intentional misconduct, including misconduct that: (1) constitutes a hate crime or a crime of violence or act of international terrorism for which the defendant has been convicted in any court; or (2) involves a sexual offense for which the defendant has been convicted in any court or misconduct for which the defendant has been found to have violated a Federal or State civil rights law.
Preempts State laws to the extent that such laws are inconsistent with this Act, except State law that provides additional protection from liability. Specifies that this Act shall not be construed to supersede any Federal or State health or safety law.
Makes this Act inapplicable to any civil action in a State court against a business entity in which all parties are citizens of the State if such State, citing this Act's authority and containing no other provision, enacts a statute declaring the State's election that this Act shall not apply to such action in the State.
Reason: This Bill focuses on shielding business entities from civil liability relating to an injury or death depending on the conditions of injury, hence the generated summary is correct.

Now, solve this instance: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''National Neurotechnology Initiative
Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

The Congress finds the following:
(1) While the field of neuroscience is highly advanced, our
understanding of how the brain works still has many gaps and
our ability to repair damage remains limited.
(2) Nearly 100,000,000 Americans suffer from a brain or
nervous system disease, injury, or disorder, and the national
economic burden of such brain-related illnesses has reached
over $1,000,000,000,000 per year and is growing alarmingly due
to an aging population.
(3) Critical unmet medical needs exist in almost every area
of the brain and nervous system, including Alzheimer's disease,
addiction, anxiety, chronic pain, depression, epilepsy, hearing
loss, multiple sclerosis, obesity, Parkinson's disease,
schizophrenia, sleep, spinal cord injury, stroke, traumatic
brain injury, and more.
(4) While the science of the brain is moving forward more
rapidly than any other science today, we must ensure these
discoveries quickly become tools to improve the human
condition.
(5) Neurotechnology holds the potential to transform nearly
every aspect of our lives from medicine to defense to education
to computing, as well as our conception of the human mind.
(6) A global race is underway to determine the country that
will lead the neurotechnology economy, which will have long-
lasting implications on employment, infrastructure development,
and regional competitiveness.
(7) Federal leadership is needed to accelerate and
coordinate the development of neurotechnology and bring the
benefits to those in need across the Nation.
(8) Therefore, it is in the national interest for the
Federal Government to increase investment and interagency
coordination of Federal neurotechnology research, development,
and commercialization programs.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

In this Act:
(1) Initiative.--The term ''Initiative'' means the National
Neurotechnology Initiative implemented under section 4.
(2) Neurotechnology.--The term ''neurotechnology'' means
the science and technology that allows an individual to
analyze, understand, treat, and heal the brain and nervous
system.
(3) Qualified staff.--The term ''qualified staff'' means a
Food and Drug Administration employee who has academic training
or significant experience in neurotechnology or related fields,
or who has satisfactorily completed a Food and Drug
Administration neuroscience training course.
(4) Related fields.--The term ''related fields'' means
neuroscience, neuromedicine, cognitive science, behavioral
psychology, neuropharmacology, neuropsychiatry, neuroimaging,
neuroregeneration, neurorehabilitation, neuromodulation,
neurostimulation, biomedical engineering, bioengineering,
molecular biology, computer science, robotics, and such other
fields as the Director of the National Neurotechnology
Coordinating Office determines to be related to
neurotechnology.
(5) Secretary.--The term ''Secretary'' means the Secretary
of Health and Human Services.
(6) Translational.--The term ''translational'' means
relating to research that is focused on converting laboratory
findings into patient treatments.

SEC. 4. NATIONAL NEUROTECHNOLOGY INITIATIVE.

(a) In General.--The Secretary shall implement a National
Neurotechnology Initiative under which, acting through appropriate
agencies, councils, and the National Neurotechnology Coordination
Office established pursuant to section 5, the Secretary shall--
(1) establish goals, priorities, and metrics for evaluation
for Federal neurotechnology research, development,
commercialization, and other activities;
(2) increase the investment in Federal research,
development, and translational programs in neurotechnology, and
related fields as appropriate, to achieve the goals described
in paragraph (1); and
(3) increase interagency coordination of Federal
neurotechnology research, development, and other activities
undertaken pursuant to the Initiative.
(b) Areas of Concentration.--The Initiative shall--
(1) coordinate, support, and extend the neurotechnology-
related activities of the National Institutes of Health and the
work of the Blueprint for Neuroscience Research developed under
section 6(a);
(2) coordinate and promote neuroscience small business
innovation research programs;
(3) facilitate testing and evaluation of advances in
neuromedicine, including drugs, diagnostics, and devices; and
(4) coordinate and promote the study of the social,
ethical, and legal aspects of neurotechnology.

SEC. 5. COORDINATION.

(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a National
Neurotechnology Coordination Office, to be headed by a director to be
appointed by the Secretary, that shall--
(1) coordinate Federal neurotechnology activities among the
Department of Health and Human Services, the National
Institutes of Health, the Food and Drug Administration, the
Department of Defense, the Department of Veterans Affairs, and
other Federal agencies;
(2) serve as the point of contact on Federal
neurotechnology activities for academia, industry, professional
societies, State neurotechnology programs, interested citizen
groups, and others to facilitate the exchange of technical and
programmatic information;
(3) conduct public outreach, including dissemination of
findings and recommendations of the National Neurotechnology
Advisory Council established under subsection (c), as
appropriate;
(4) promote access to, and the early application of, the
technologies, innovations, and expertise derived from
activities conducted under the Initiative by agencies and
systems across the Federal Government, and by United States
industry, including start-up companies; and
(5) provide technical and administrative support to the
National Neurotechnology Advisory Council.
(b) Report.--The Director of the National Neurotechnology
Coordination Office shall annually submit to the Secretary a report on
the status of the Initiative. Such reports shall contain the results of
an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Initiative in the year for
which the report is being prepared and the goals and benchmarks for the
following year. The Secretary shall transmit a copy of each report
under this subsection to the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the
House of Representatives and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor,
and Pensions of the Senate.
(c) Advisory Council.--
(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish, or
designate an existing entity as, a National Neurotechnology
Advisory Council.
(2) Qualifications.--
(A) In general.--The Advisory Council shall consist
primarily of members from academic institutions, not-
for-profit organizations, and industry.
(B) Requirements.--Members of the Advisory Council
shall be qualified to provide advice and information on
neurotechnology research, development, demonstrations,
education, technology transfer, commercial application,
delivery, access, or ethical, legal, and social issues
related to neurotechnology.
(C) Recommendations.--In appointing members to, or
designating an entity as, an Advisory Council, the
Secretary may seek and give consideration to
recommendations from the Congress, industry, the
scientific and medical communities (including the
National Academy of Sciences, scientific and medical
professional societies, not-for-profit organizations,
and academia), the defense community, State and local
governments, regional neurotechnology programs, and
other appropriate organizations.
(3) Duties.--The Advisory Council shall provide advice to
the Director of the National Neurotechnology Coordination
Office on matters relating to the Initiative, including
assessing--
(A) trends and developments in neurotechnology and
related fields;
(B) progress made in implementing the Initiative;
(C) the need to revise the Initiative;
(D) the balance among the components of the
Initiative, including funding levels for the program
component areas;
(E) whether the program component areas,
priorities, and technical goals developed by the
Council are helping to maintain United States
leadership in neurotechnology and related fields;
(F) the management, coordination, implementation,
and activities of the Initiative; and
(G) whether ethical, legal, and social issues are
adequately addressed by the Initiative.
(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--
(1) Office.--There is authorized to be appropriated to
carry out subsections (a) and (b) $4,000,000 for each of fiscal
years 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012.
(2) Advisory council.--There is authorized to be
appropriated to carry out subsection (c) $1,000,000 for each of
fiscal years 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012.

SEC. 6. PROGRAMS RELATED TO THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH.

(a) Blueprint for Neuroscience Research.--The Director of the
National Institutes of Health shall develop a program or designate an
existing program, to be known as the Blueprint for Neuroscience
Research, for collaboration among the institutes, centers, and offices
of the National Institutes of Health that support neuroscience research
within the National Institutes of Health. Such program shall--
(1) identify pervasive challenges in neuroscience and any
technological barriers to solving such challenges; and
(2) support the development of new tools, training
opportunities, and other resources to assist neuroscientists in
both basic and clinical research.
(b) Small Business Innovation Research.--In carrying out their
duties under the Small Business Innovation Research Program, the
directors of each of the institutes of the National Institutes of
Health shall--
(1) where appropriate, give high priority to small business
concerns that participate in or conduct neurotechnology
research and development projects; and
(2) annually report to the Director of the National
Neurotechnology Coordination Office concerning the percentage
of Small Business Innovation Research funding being used for
such projects.
(c) Small Business Technology Transfer.--In carrying out their
duties under the Small Business Technology Transfer Program, the
directors of each of the institutes of the National Institutes of
Health shall--
(1) where appropriate, give high priority to small business
concerns that participate in or conduct neurotechnology
research and development projects; and
(2) annually report to the Director of the National
Neurotechnology Coordination Office concerning the percentage
of Small Business Technology Transfer funding being used for
such projects.
(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--
(1) Blueprint for neuroscience research.--There are
authorized to be appropriated to carry out subsection (a)--
(A) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
(B) $88,000,000 for fiscal year 2010;
(C) $96,800,000 for fiscal year 2011; and
(D) $106,480,000 for fiscal year 2012.
(2) Small business innovation research and small business
technology transfer.--
(A) In general.--There are authorized to be
appropriated to carry out subsections (b) and (c)--
(i) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
(ii) $82,500,000 for fiscal year 2010;
(iii) $90,750,000 for fiscal year 2011; and
(iv) $99,825,000 for fiscal year 2012.
(B) Limitation.--None of the funding authorized by
this paragraph may be counted toward the expenditure
amounts required by subsections (f) and (n) of section
9 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638).

SEC. 7. PROGRAMS RELATED TO THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION.

(a) FDA Review.--The Commissioner of Food and Drugs shall direct
the Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, the
Director of the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, and the
Director of the Center for Devices and Radiological Health to improve
the timeliness of the review process for neurology and psychiatry by--
(1) increasing, through recruitment and training, the
number of qualified staff within such Centers; and
(2) improving the processes for creating guidelines with
respect to neurology and psychiatry and communicating those
guidelines to industry.
(b) Neurotechnology Standards Workgroups.--The Commissioner of Food
and Drugs shall sponsor workgroups including academic and industry
representatives to develop standards for preclinical testing and
clinical trial endpoints for emerging brain and nervous system
indications for which clear and achievable standards do not otherwise
exist on the date of the enactment of this Act.
(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--
(1) FDA review.--There are authorized to be appropriated to
carry out subsection (a)--
(A) $26,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
(B) $28,600,000 for fiscal year 2010;
(C) $31,460,000 for fiscal year 2011; and
(D) $34,606,000 for fiscal year 2012.
(2) Neurotechnology standards workgroups.--There is
authorized to be appropriated to carry out subsection (b)
$4,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012.

SEC. 8. PROGRAMS RELATED TO ETHICAL, LEGAL, AND SOCIAL ISSUES.

(a) American Neurotechnology Study Center.--The Director of the
National Neurotechnology Coordination Office shall--
(1) provide for the establishment, on a merit-reviewed and
competitive basis, of an American Neurotechnology Study Center
that shall--
(A) establish a research program to identify
ethical, legal, and social issues related to
neurotechnology and related fields, and ensure that the
results of such research are widely disseminated; and
(B) conduct, coordinate, collect, and disseminate
studies on such issues; and
(2) provide for public input and outreach to be integrated
into the Initiative by the convening of regular and ongoing
public discussions, through mechanisms such as citizens'
panels, consensus conferences, and educational events, as
appropriate.
(b) Study on the Responsible Development of Neurotechnology.--The
American Neurotechnology Study Center established under subsection (a)
shall conduct a study to assess the need for standards, guidelines, or
strategies for ensuring the responsible development of neurotechnology,
including--
(1) the safety of use of brain interface devices;
(2) human subject guidelines for research and development
of neurotechnology;
(3) the use of neurotechnology in the enhancement of human
intelligence;
(4) the development of defensive technologies relating to
neurotechnology;
(5) the use of neurotechnology in developing artificial
intelligence;
(6) the potential to ease the health care burden through
use of neurotechnology; and
(7) the development of appropriate ethical standards and
guidelines for research and development in neurotechnology.
(c) Study on the Economic Impact of Neurotechnology.--The Director
of the National Neurotechnology Coordination Office shall, on a merit-
reviewed and competitive basis, provide for the conduct of an annual
study to assess the need for analyses, programs, reports, or strategies
for ensuring the development of neurotechnology, including analyzing--
(1) the economic burden of brain and nervous system
disorders and illness;
(2) the economic growth potential of neurotechnology;
(3) national and regional neurotechnology assets; and
(4) global neurotechnology assets.
(d) Authorization of Appropriations.--
(1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated to
carry out subsection (a) and (b) $8,000,000 for each of fiscal
years 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012.
(2) Study on the responsible development of
neurotechnology.--There is authorized to be appropriated to
carry out subsection (c) $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years
2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012.
(3) Limitation.--No more than $250,000 per fiscal year
shall be used to carry out subsection (a)(2).
Student:
National Neurotechnology Initiative Act - Defines "neurotechnology" to mean the science and technology that allows an individual to analyze, understand, treat, and heal the brain and nervous system.

Requires the Secretary of Health and Human Services to implement a National Neurotechnology Initiative, under which the Secretary shall: (1) establish goals, priorities, and metrics for evaluation for federal neurotechnology research, development, and commercialization; (2) increase the investment in federal research, development, and translational programs in neurotechnology to achieve such goals; and (3) increase interagency coordination.

Requires the Secretary to establish the National Neurotechnology Coordination Office and the National Neurotechnology Advisory Council.

Requires the Director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to develop the Blueprint for Neuroscience Research to: (1) identify pervasive challenges in neuroscience and any technological barriers to solving such challenges; and (2) support the development of new tools, training opportunities, and other resources to assist neuroscientists in basic and clinical research.

Directs the Commissioner of Food and Drugs to require the Directors of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, and the Center for Devices and Radiological Health to improve the timelines of the review process for neurology and psychiatry.

Requires the Director of the National Neurotechnology Coordination Office to establish the American Neurotechnology Study Center.