In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

Q: In ferromagnetic materials, a version of this effect occurs in which the resultant resistivity predicted by this effect contains an additional zero-field term proportional to the magnetization. Arranging two solid-state elements which demonstrate this effect at right angles to each other and summing their output voltage to eliminate the noise is a typical way of producing a magnetic field sensor using this effect. This effect is derived by noting that the current crossed with the magnetic field creates a transverse current, which results in a potential difference. For ten points, identify this classical effect in which charge flowing across a transverse magnetic field results in an electric field component orthogonal to both the current and the magnetic field, often used to measure the sign of charge carriers.

A: Science
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Q: Notably, one of these entities is absent in the Leishmania mexicana GPI8 protein, and abnormally low numbers of pericytes occur if one is missing from PDGF. Binding of 14-3-3 proteins to GABAB ["Gabba-sub-bee"] receptors does not occur when two arginines are mutated to alanine in one of these entities, which also binds to the COPI complex. They are usually C-terminal signals, and a common mammalian one consists of the amino acids lysine, aspartate, gluatamate, and leucine, or KDEL. hnRNP C proteins contain one of them that allows them to override nuclear export signals. For 10 points, name these signals important in directing proteins to the correct membranes, most often used to prevent a protein's export from the endoplasmic reticulum.

A: Science
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Q: The child of German immigrants, this character bequeathed his inherited fortune to charity, saying he would "demonstrate the possibility of achieving anything from nothing. " In 1966, this character joined a group founded by Nelson Gardner. In his final appearance, this character states that he is not a Republic serial villain, as demonstrated by his refusal to play by supervillain clichs. Inspired by another character, Peter Cannon, Thunderbolt, this man owns a genetically engineered cat which he names (*) Bubastis, a reference to his admiration for the figure that replaced Alexander the Great as his idol, Rameses II. Some of his dastardly deeds have included murdering Moloch the Magician and Edward Blake, alias the Comedian. FTP, identify the secret identity of Adrian Veidt, the ultimate villain of Alan Moore's Watchmen, who shares his name with a famous poem by Percy Shelley.

A:
Literature
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