Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Input: Consider Input: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of enamel matrix derivative on mRNA expression of markers related to periodontal healing.', 'Murine osteoprogenitor cells (MC3T3-E1) were grown for 12 and 16 days in mineralization media and stimulated with 100 microg/mL Emdogain (EMD). Cell cultures treated with 2% and 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) served as control. The mRNA expression of bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteopontin (OPN), and runt-related protein 2 (Runx2) was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. One-way analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis.', 'Stimulation with EMD significantly (P < .01) enhanced mRNA expression of BSP up to 13.9-fold and of OPN up to 3.2-fold at day 16 compared with the 2% FCS control. The expression of mRNA for transcription factor Runx2 was not significantly changed.

Output: Does stimulation of osteoblasts with Emdogain increase the expression of specific mineralization markers?

Input: Consider Input: In mice, the farnesoid X receptor is involved in bacterial translocation, which can result in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis. We investigated if polymorphisms in the farnesoid X receptor gene influence the risk for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.', 'Laboratory and clinical data of 293 cirrhotic patients with ascites and 226 healthy controls were prospectively collected. The rs56163822, rs11110390 and rs12313471 polymorphisms of the farnesoid X receptor were determined.', '115 (39%) patients had spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Distribution of all farnesoid X receptor genotypes matched the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis had a higher frequency of the rs56163822 GT genotype (7.0%) than patients without (1.7%, OR=4.4, p=0.02). This genotype was confirmed as predictor of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis by binary logistic regression analysis (OR=6.8, p=0.018).

Output: Does a farnesoid X receptor polymorphism predispose to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

Input: Consider Input: The role of the adipokine, resistin in mediating increases in aortic stiffness is uncertain. We aimed to determine independent relations between circulating resistin concentrations and aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) and wave reflection in a community-based sample with a high prevalence of untreated hypertension and obesity.', 'Plasma resistin, adiponectin, and C-reactive protein concentrations (ELISA); carotid-femoral (aortic) PWV and the aortic reflected wave index (applanation tonometry and SphygmoCor software) were determined in 683 randomly selected participants of African ancestry from SOWETO, South Africa who had never received antihypertensive therapy.', 'Resistin concentrations were not independently associated with office or 24-h (n=492) blood pressure (BP). In a stepwise regression model with BMI included in the model, age (P<0.0001), mean arterial pressure (P<0.0001), plasma resistin concentrations (P<0.005), female sex (P=0.01), and creatinine concentrations (P<0.01) contributed independently to variations in PWV. Independent relations between resistin concentrations and PWV persisted with further adjustments for C-reactive protein concentrations (P<0.005), and the homeostasis model of insulin resistance (P<0.02). Similar relations were noted with waist circumference rather than BMI in the model. Resistin concentrations were not independently associated with aortic reflected wave index or aortic BP.
Output: Are circulating resistin concentrations independently associated with aortic pulse wave velocity in a community sample?