Given a passage, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.

Input: Consider Input: Transplanted cell survival might greatly improve the therapeutic efficacy of cell therapy. Diazoxide (DZ), a highly selective mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener, is known to suppress cell apoptosis and protect cells in oxidative stressed ischemic environment. We explored the mechanisms involved in DZ pre-treatment-induced anti-apoptotic effect on L6 skeletal myoblast (SKM).', 'L6 SKMs were divided into control group, H2O2 group, DZ+H2O2 group and DZ+LY+H2O2 group. Treatments of 400mol/L H2O2 for 24h alone, or after 200mol/L DZ pre-treatment for 30min, or after DZ and 50mol/L LY294002 co-administration for 30min were performed. The cell apoptosis rates were assessed by flow cytometric analysis. The changes of mitochondrial membrane potential were determined by JC-1 mitochondrial staining. The activation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt, caspase-9 and caspase-3 was detected by western blot.', 'Compared with the H2O2 group, DZ pre-treatment protected cells from H2O2-induced damage, increased Akt phosphorylation, prevented mitochondrial membrane depolarization as well as the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and decreased the cell apoptosis rate. However, the DZ-induced cytoprotective and anti-apoptosis effects were partly inhibited by co-administration of a PI3K inhibitor, LY294002.

Output: Does diazoxide protect L6 skeletal myoblasts from H2O2-induced apoptosis via the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt pathway?

Input: Consider Input: Circulating adiponectins have multiple protective roles as anti-diabetic, anti-atherosclerotic, and anti-inflammatory factors. We examined the relationship between plasma adiponectin concentration and other cardiovascular risk in nondiabetic coronary artery disease (CAD) men and the relationship can be maintained even after adjusted for major environmental factors that contribute to adiponectin concentrations.', 'Nondiabetic CAD men (n=613) were 31-70 y and had body mass index (BMI) of 18.5-29.9 kg/m2.', "Circulating adiponectins positively correlated with age and negatively with BMI, waist circumference and % body fat (p-values of all <0.001). Plasma adiponectin concentrations were higher in never-smokers (5.07+/-0.30 microg/ml) than current (4.15+/-0.12 microg/ml) and ex-smokers (3.75+/-0.20 microg/ml) both before and after adjusted for age and adiposity (p=0.002 and p=0.008, respectively), however they were not significantly different according to alcohol drinking status. After adjusted for age, adiposity and cigarette smoking, plasma adiponectin still have positive correlations with HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein AI and LDL particle size, and inversely with fasting triglyceride, atherogenic index, insulin resistance and C-reactive protein (CRP). However there was no significant relationships between adiponectin and apolipoprotein B, total cholesterol or LDL cholesterol. In subset analysis by tertile adiponectin concentrations (lowest: <2.92, moderate: 2.92<or=adiponectin<4.75, highest: >or=4.75 microg/ml), 'moderate' and 'highest' adiponectin groups had lower triglyceride (p<0.001), lower atherogenic index (p=0.001), lower fasting insulin (p=0.004), lower insulin resistance (p=0.001), lower CRP (p=0.001), higher HDL cholesterol (p<0.001), higher apolipoprotein AI (p=0.005) and higher LDL particle size (p<0.001) as compared with 'lowest' adiponectin group when adjusted for age, adiposity and cigarette smoking. Platelets were lower in 'highest' adiponectin groups as compared with 'lowest' and 'moderate' adiponectin group after the adjustment. However, there was no significant difference in total cholesterol (p=0.145), LDL cholesterol (p=0.145), apolipoprotein B (p=0.222) and fasting glucose (p=0.157).

Output: Is plasma adiponectin related to other cardiovascular risk factors in nondiabetic Korean men with CAD , independent of adiposity and cigarette smoking : cross-sectional analysis?

Input: Consider Input: Cardiometabolic disorders are rapidly becoming major public health challenges. Valproic acid (VPA) is a widely prescribed anticonvulsant drug.', 'We hypothesized that treatment with VPA would improve the regulation of glucose and atherogenic dyslipidemia through reduction in circulating corticosterone.', 'Female Wistar rats recieved (p.o.) combined oral contraceptive (COC) containing 1.0g ethinylestradiol plus 5.0g levonorgestrel and valproic acid (VPA; 20mg) for 8 weeks.', 'Treatment with COC led to elevated fasting blood glucose, insulin, corticosterone, triglycerides (TG), TG/HDL-cholesterol ratio, insulin resistance (IR) and impaired glucose tolerance. VPA significantly attenuated the alterations induced by COC treatment, but did not affect the corticosterone level. However, VPA treatment led to significant increases in plasma insulin, corticosterone, atherogenic lipids and impaired glucose tolerance in rats not treated with COC.
Output: Is improvement of oral contraceptive-induced glucose dysregulation and dyslipidemia by valproic acid independent of circulating corticosterone?