Write an article based on this "Study the demand letter. Determine what type of intellectual property is involved. Identify the owner's alleged intellectual property right. Look for a clear description of the infringement. Figure out what remedy is being requested. Identify the deadline. Read the demand letter critically."
article: Usually, any claim that you are violating someone else's intellectual property rights will come in the form of a demand letter. This is sometimes also referred to as a "cease and desist" letter, if the remedy that is suggested is that you stop using whatever item of intellectual property it is. This letter may be written directly by the owner or by an attorney. There are generally three main categories of intellectual property. To prepare to defend against the claim that is made, you need to understand what type of intellectual property is being alleged. Patents are generally the legal protection of tangible things. A patent is a legal protection for some concrete item that you have designed, invented or created. Copyright is the term used for the protection of literary, musical or artistic works. While you can actually look at or touch a painting or a sculpture, literature and music are less tangible. Trademarks are the third major category. This is the protection of a brand, a logo or symbol, or sometimes something as intangible as a style. In the demand letter, the writer should identify the nature of his or her intellectual property right. It should be clear that he or she owns a copyright, claims to have a patent, or owns a trademark that you are violating. The writer should be able to provide some evidence of how the intellectual property right is protected. Regardless of the type of intellectual property, any demand letter needs to make a clear statement of what you are allegedly doing wrong. The sender may claim that you stole a chapter of a book, copied the melody of a song, or wrongfully made use of some confidential software, for example. If the writer cannot clearly articulate what you have done wrong, that could be an indication that you haven't done anything wrong. Does the sender of the demand letter want to collect money? Or is it enough that you stop using a particular drawing on your website? You need to be able to understand the demand. If the demand is something minor, it may be easiest and least expensive just to comply. For example, suppose you use a particular illustration to advertise your company, and you get a demand letter from the Disney corporation saying that your illustration is too similar to the genie in Aladdin. You may choose to change your illustration, rather than embark on a legal battle against one of the largest companies in the world. Even if you didn't intend to copy their drawing, you have to consider the cost of defending a lawsuit. The demand letter should include a deadline, by which date the writer expects you to stop doing whatever you are allegedly doing wrong. You need to make sure you identify this date. If you intend to comply with the demand, but need some time to make changes, you should contact the sender and ask for some time. Don't assume, just because you receive a demand letter or cease and desist letter in the mail, that you have done something wrong or that the sender is right. Intellectual property is a tricky field, and allegations can be difficult to prove. Sadly, some individuals or their attorneys can abuse the use of cease and desist letters, sending them when the evidence is not strong. If you receive a letter like this, relax, read it carefully, and then begin planning a defense.

Write an article based on this "Obtain a passport. Acquire a Certificate of Eligibility. Apply for a visa to live or work in Japan. Get a resident card. Find a place to live"
article: You will need a passport to enter Japan. The passport must be recent enough that it will be valid for the entire period of time that you intend to stay in Japan. If you don't have a passport already, you will need to apply for one well in advance of when you plan to go to Japan. In the US, a routine passport application may take more than 4-6 weeks to process. If you need a passport more quickly, you can apply for expedited service for an additional fee. In order to qualify for an extended stay (6 months to 5 years) or residency in Japan, you will need a Certificate of Eligibility. To get a Certificate of Eligibility, you will need to specify what types of activities you plan to carry out while in Japan (e.g., working, studying, or living in Japan as the spouse or dependent of a permanent resident), and provide evidence that you will have financial support while you live in Japan. It may take 1-3 months to complete the application process. You can submit the application yourself, or the application may be completed by a staff member at an organization sponsoring you in Japan (e.g., a company that has hired you). You will need to submit a copy of your application form, along with a 4 centimeter (1.6in) by 3 cm (1.6 in by 1.2 in) photo of yourself, a self-addressed, stamped envelope, and any required supporting documents. Send these materials to the regional immigration office where you plan to reside. Visit the Immigration Bureau of Japan's website on applying for a Certificate of Eligibility to get application forms and view a list of supporting documents (these vary depending on what you plan to do in Japan): http://www.immi-moj.go.jp/english/tetuduki/kanri/shyorui/01.html Once you have a Certificate of Eligibility, you can apply for a visa. The procedure will vary depending on what you are planning to do during your stay in Japan. You can apply for a visa at your local Japanese consulate. You will need: A completed visa application form, available here: http://www.us.emb-japan.go.jp/j/download/VISA_APPLI.pdf A passport-sized photo. A copy of your Certificate of Eligibility, along with any other required documents for the specific type of work, study, or other activities you plan to do in Japan. Once you are in Japan, you will need to obtain a resident card. If you arrive at Narita, Haneda, Chubu, or Kansai Airport, you can get your resident card at the same time that you get your passport stamped. Otherwise, the Regional Immigration Office in the area where you plan to live will mail the resident card to you at your place of residence in Japan within a few days of your arrival. Once you have your resident card, carry it with you at all times. The Japanese Police are legally authorized to ask to see your card at any time. If you make any changes to your place of residence, you will need to inform your municipal office so that your card information can be updated. You can apply to have your card replaced or your residency period extended at your Regional Immigration Office. . If you are working or studying in Japan, your employer or school may help set you up with a place to stay. However, you may be able to save money or find a place you like better by finding an apartment on your own. If you want to find your own lodgings, check out listings on foreigner-friendly housing sites like apartments.gaijinpot.com or realestate.co.jp. Unless you are very proficient in Japanese, it is easiest to find a find a place with the help of a real estate agent. Most agents charge a fee that is equivalent to 1 month's rent in the property that you choose. Most landlords in Japan will not rent to you unless you have a guarantor who is willing to vouch for your ability to pay rent. Ask your employer, a friend, or a relative in Japan to be your guarantor. Be prepared to pay substantial upfront charges when you move in, including a security deposit and a "key money" (reikin) fee that may be equivalent to up to 3 months' rent. While you're looking for a permanent home, you can save money by staying in a share house.

Write an article based on this "Decide that a quote is needed. Contextualize the quotation. Introduce the quote. Check your format. Cite the author."
article:
The concept of using a quotation may seem like the opposite of "writing in your own words." However, learning to use a quote the correct way is an essential writing skill. First, you must understand when to use a direct quotation. Use a direct quotation in order to: Argue against another author's specific idea Continue another author's specific idea Prove your own point with the help of another author Add eloquence or power with a very meaningful quote A quote should never appear all by itself. Instead, you need to place the quote into the context of your essay. Write a sentence or two that leads up to the quotation, demonstrating the need for this particular voice. Be sure to provide the reader with any information they may need to understand this particular quote. The first time you bring a writer's words into your own text, introduce the quote with a "signal phrase." This should always include the name of the person (or persons) who wrote the words, as well as the full title of the work from which the quote is taken. Here are two examples: In his book End of Humanism, Richard Schechner states, "I prefer to work from primary sources: what I've done, what I've seen" (15). As Dixon and Foster explain in their book Experimental Cinema, "filmmakers assumed that the audience for their films was to be an intimate group of knowledgeable cineastes" (225). The proper way to format both your quote and the citation for your quote will depend on the style-guide you are following (MLA, APA, AP, or Chicago style). The specific rules of block-quoting, citation, and even the placement of the quotation marks will be determined by the style guide you use. (The citations provided above are done in MLA format). In general, your quote should not exceed 3-4 lines of text. If it does (and it is truly necessary), you will need to use block quote formatting. At the end of the quote, include any relevant data that you have not already stated, such as the name of the author, the page number, and/or the date of publication. No matter what style guide you choose, you must always cite the author you quote. This is a crucial step and must never be skipped. Anytime you use the exact phrasing of an author, you must place this phrase in quotation marks and include the name of the author. Forgetting this step is unethical. It also puts you at risk for plagiarism. If there is no specific author, then use the editor instead, or whatever your specific style-guide requires.