Q: What structure is an organelle that contains enzymes that break down and digest unneeded cellular components? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Lysosomes Some of the protein products packaged by the Golgi include digestive enzymes that are meant to remain inside the cell for use in breaking down certain materials. The enzyme-containing vesicles released by the Golgi may form new lysosomes, or fuse with existing, lysosomes. A lysosome is an organelle that contains enzymes that break down and digest unneeded cellular components, such as a damaged organelle. (A lysosome is similar to a wrecking crew that takes down old and unsound buildings in a neighborhood. ) Autophagy ("self-eating") is the process of a cell digesting its own structures. Lysosomes are also important for breaking down foreign material. For example, when certain immune defense cells (white blood cells) phagocytize bacteria, the bacterial cell is transported into a lysosome and digested by the enzymes inside. As one might imagine, such phagocytic defense cells contain large numbers of lysosomes. Under certain circumstances, lysosomes perform a more grand and dire function. In the case of damaged or unhealthy cells, lysosomes can be triggered to open up and release their digestive enzymes into the cytoplasm of the cell, killing the cell. This "self-destruct" mechanism is called autolysis, and makes the process of cell death controlled (a mechanism called "apoptosis"). Choices: - peroxisome - tissue - centrosome - lysosome A:
lysosome

Q: What type of fish are the majority of living species? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Ray-finned fish include the majority of living fish species, including goldfish, tuna, salmon, perch, and cod. They have a bony endoskeleton and a swim bladder. Their thin fins consist of webs of skin over flexible bony rays, or spines. The fins lack muscle, so their movements are controlled by muscles in the body wall. You can compare their ray fins with the fleshy fins of lobe-finned fish in Figure below . Choices: - cartilaginous fish - freshwater fish - lungfish - ray-finned fish A:
ray-finned fish

Q: Translation is the second part of the central dogma of what? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Translation is the second part of the central dogma of molecular biology: RNA Protein . It is the process in which the genetic code in mRNA is read, one codon at a time, to make a protein. Figure below shows how this happens. After mRNA leaves the nucleus, it moves to a ribosome , which consists of rRNA and proteins. The ribosome reads the sequence of codons in mRNA. Molecules of tRNA bring amino acids to the ribosome in the correct sequence. Choices: - molecular gastronomy - relativity - string theory - molecular biology A:
molecular biology

Q: What replicates in the s phase of interphase, resulting in chromosomes composed of two linked sister chromatids? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: DNA replicates in the S phase of interphase. After replication, the chromosomes are composed of two linked sister chromatids. When fully compact, the pairs of identically packed chromosomes are bound to each other by cohesin proteins. The connection between the sister chromatids is closest in a region called the centromere. The conjoined sister chromatids, with a diameter of about 1 m, are visible under a light microscope. The centromeric region is highly condensed and thus will appear as a constricted area. Choices: - protein - hormones - RNA - dna A:
dna