Read the article and select the best answer. Article: What happens inside the skull of a soccer player who repeatedly heads a soccer ball? That question motivate a challenging new study of the brains of experienced players that has caused discussion and debate among soccer players, and some anxiety among those of us with soccer-playing children. For the study, researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults,men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed year-round in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year, as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions in the past. Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned, using a complicated new MRI technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can't be seen during most scans. According to the data they presented at a Radiological Society of North America meeting last month,the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory,attention and the processing of visual information, compared with players who had headed the ball fewer times. This pattern of white matter loss is "similar to those seen in traumatic brain injury" , like that after a serious concussion, the researchers reported,even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a conc ussion. The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them, forgetting or _ the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less. Question: From the passage we can conclude that frequent heading may have _ . Options: A: significant effect on one's brain B: little effect on one's brain C: nothing to do with the brain injury D: one's memory improved
A

(Question)
Read the article and select the best answer. Article: Proper arrangement of classroom space is important to encouraging interaction. Most of us have noticed how important physical setting is to efficiency and comfort in our work. College classroom space should be designed to encourage the activity of critical thinking. We are in the 21stcentury now, but step into almost any college classroom and you _ . Desks are normally in straight rows, so students can clearly see the teacher but not all their classmates. The assumption behind such an arrangement is obvious: Everything of importance comes from the teacher. With a little imagination and effort, unless desks are fixed to the floor, the teacher can correct this situation and create space that encourages interchange among students. In small or standard-size classes, chairs, desks, and tables can be arranged in a variety of ways: circles, U-shapes or semicircles. The primary goal should be for everyone to be able to see everyone else. Arrangement of the classroom should also make it easy to divide students into small groups for discussion or problem-solving exercises. Small classes with movable desks and tables present no problem. Even in large lecture halls, it is possible for students to turn around and form groups of four or six. Breaking a class into small groups provides more opportunities for students to interact with each other, think out loud, and see how other students' thinking processes operate---all these are essential elements in developing new modes of critical thinking. In courses that regularly use a small group format, students might be asked to stay in the same small groups throughout the course. A colleague of mine, John, allows students to move around during the first two weeks, until they find a group they are comfortable with. John then asks them to stay in the same seat, with the same group, from that time on. This not only creates a comfortable setting for interaction but helps him learn students' names and faces. Question: The way of arranging desks in classrooms in straight rows indicates that _ . Options: A: students can be easily prevented from cheating during tests B: it is convenient for teachers to monitor students C: teachers play a significant role in a classroom D: it is good for students to concentrate on listening to teachers
(Answer)
C

Read the article and select the best answer. Article: This is time of year when we think about giving and receiving presents.Can you find a little extra to give? On this page we suggest a few organizations you might like to help. Littleton Children's Home We don't want your money, but children's toys, books and clothes in good condition would be very welcome. Also, we are looking for friendly families who would take our children into their homes for a few hours or days as guests.You have so much--will you share it? Phone Sister Thomas on 55671. Children's Hospice We look after a small number of very sick children.This important work needs skill and love.We cannot continue without gifts of money to pay for more nursing staff.We also need story books and toys suitable for quiet games. Please contact The Secretary, Little Children's Hospice, Newby Road. Street Food In the winter weather, it's no fun being homeless.It's even worse if you're hungry.We give hot food to at least fifty people every night.It's hard work, but necessary.Can you come and help? If not, can you find a little money? We use a very old kitchen, and we badly need some new saucepans.Money for new ones would be most welcome indeed. Contact Street Food, c/o Mary's House, Elming Way, Littleton.Phone 27713. Littleton Youth Club Have you got an unwanted chair?--a record player?--a pot of paint? Because we can use them! We want to get to work on our meeting room! Please phone 66231 and we'll be happy to collect anything you can give us. Thank you! The Night Shelter We offer a warm bed for the night to anyone who has nowhere to go.We rent the former Commercial Hotel on Green Street.Although it is not expensive, we never seem to have quite enough money.Can you let us have a few pounds? Any amount, however small, will be such a help. Send it to us at 15, Green St, Littleton.Please make check payable to Night Shelter. Question: Reading the passage, you might like to help these organizations which work for Options: A: homeless and sick children B: less fortunate members of our society C: hungry people who have no beds to sleep in D: friendly members of our society to help others
B