Instructions: Given a passage and a query based on the passage, generate an unambiguous, concise and simple answer to the query from information in the passage. Note that the answer may not be present in exact form.
Input: It's a question that has plagued scientists for years, but new testing has revealed information that may help explain the Neanderthals' demise. It appears that we or at least our ancestors were at least partially responsible for their extinction. About 45,000 years ago, Neanderthal numbers were dwindling. They are often depicted as dim-witted evolutionary losers, but Neanderthals were not driven to extinction by their lack of brains, a new study suggests. Instead, it is more likely that they disappeared 40,000 years ago because of interbreeding and assimilation with our early modern human ancestors, scientists believe. A major conference in London this week will reveal the results of five years' research on why Homo sapiens emerged triumphant in the survival battle of the humans. A major conference in London this week will reveal the results of five years' research on why Homo sapiens emerged triumphant in the survival battle of the humans. New research has revealed that Neanderthals died out within a few thousand years of the appearance of Homo sapiens. Photograph: BBC T he puzzle is one of the greatest surrounding our species. On a planet that bristled with different types of human being, including Neanderthals and the Hobbit-like folk of Flores, only one is left today: Homo sapiens. Sign in or register to rate this publication. The terrestrial civilization has been established with only one human species, but it could have been otherwise. Until about 40,000 years ago, a blink in geologic time, at least one close relative was sharing this planet with us. They were Neanderthals, native Eurasians that today are recovering from their reputation as brutes thanks to scientific findings that have rediscovered them as a species similar to ours in many respects. Neanderthals were a separate species from modern humans, and became extinct (because of climate change or interaction with modern humans) and were replaced by modern humans moving into their habitat between 45,000 and 40,000 years ago. What is Excalibur and what did it signify? a hang-ax from a rock - used as an offering to the dead - put into the pit when and where were the first neanderthal found? What did they name the first fossil? 1829 - discovered in Belgium - Engis 2 In what ways did our ideas about Homo neandertalensis change as the 20th century proceeds thought as deformed humans / possible link between apes and humans actually much more similar to humans When Lived: About 400,000 - 40,000 years ago. Neanderthals (the 'th' pronounced as 't') are our closest extinct human relative. Some defining features of their skulls include the large middle part of the face, angled cheek bones, and a huge nose for humidifying and warming cold, dry air. Their bodies were shorter and stockier than ours, another adaptation to living in cold environments. In particular, researchers have focused on the Neanderthals, a species very close in physique and brain size to modern humans. They once dominated Europe, but disappeared after modern humans emerged from our African homeland around 60,000 years ago. Recent studies also show that a few Neanderthals began mating with ancestors of modern humans long before the large out of Africa migration of the present day non-Africans, as early as 100,000 years ago. Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis) were widespread across Europe and Western Asia for a long time, starting about 400,000 years ago. But things began to change when [] Query: how long ago did neanderthals go extinct
Output:
Neanderthals were moving between 45,000 and 40,000 years ago.