Answer the following question given this paragraph: Volume is a measure of the amount of space that a substance or an object takes up. The basic SI unit for volume is the cubic meter (m 3 ), but smaller volumes may be measured in cm 3 , and liquids may be measured in liters (L) or milliliters (mL). How the volume of matter is measured depends on its state. Q: What is a measure of the amount of space that a substance or an object occupies? Choices: - mass - density - power - volume A:
volume
(Question)
Answer the following question given this paragraph: We will find in Atomic Physics that the orbits of electrons are more properly viewed as electron clouds with the density of the cloud related to the probability of finding an electron in that location (as opposed to the definite locations and paths of planets in their orbits around the Sun). This cloud is shifted by the Coulomb force so that the atom on average has a separation of charge. Although the atom remains neutral, it can now be the source of a Coulomb force, since a charge brought near the atom will be closer to one type of charge than the other. Some molecules, such as those of water, have an inherent separation of charge and are thus called polar molecules. Figure 19.19 illustrates the separation of charge in a water molecule, which has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom H 2 O . The water molecule is not symmetricthe hydrogen atoms are repelled to one side, giving the molecule a boomerang shape. The electrons in a water molecule are more concentrated around the more highly charged oxygen nucleus than around the hydrogen nuclei. This makes the oxygen end of the molecule slightly negative and leaves the hydrogen ends slightly positive. The inherent separation of charge in polar molecules makes it easier to align them with external fields and charges. Polar molecules therefore exhibit greater polarization effects and have greater dielectric constants. Those who study chemistry will find that the polar nature of water has many effects. For example, water molecules gather ions much more effectively because they have an electric field and a separation of charge to attract charges of both signs. Also, as brought out in the previous chapter, polar water provides a shield or screening of the electric fields in the highly charged molecules of interest in biological systems. Q: The electrons in a water molecule are more concentrated around the more highly charged oxygen nucleus than around this? Choices: - helium nuclei - carbon nuclei - peroxide nuclei - hydrogen nuclei A:
(Answer)
hydrogen nuclei
Ques: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Pneumonia is a disease in which some of the alveoli of the lungs fill with fluid so they can no longer exchange gas. Symptoms of pneumonia typically include coughing, chest pain, difficulty breathing, and fatigue. Pneumonia may be caused by an infection or an injury to the lungs. Q: What the name of the disease where some of the alveoli of the lungs fill with fluid so they can no longer exchange gas? Choices: - leukemia - lung cancer - emphysema - pneumonia A:
Ans: pneumonia
(Q).
Answer the following question given this paragraph: 30.3 Roots Roots help to anchor a plant, absorb water and minerals, and serve as storage sites for food. Taproots and fibrous roots are the two main types of root systems. In a taproot system, a main root grows vertically downward with a few lateral roots. Fibrous root systems arise at the base of the stem, where a cluster of roots forms a dense network that is shallower than a taproot. The growing root tip is protected by a root cap. The root tip has three main zones: a zone of cell division (cells are actively dividing), a zone of elongation (cells increase in length), and a zone of maturation (cells differentiate to form different kinds of cells). Root vascular tissue conducts water, minerals, and sugars. In some habitats, the roots of certain plants may be modified to form aerial roots or epiphytic roots. Q: What is the growing root tip protected by? Choices: - root flap - tip cap - root hinge - root cap A:
(A).
root cap
Ques:Answer the following question given this paragraph: The new cells gradually move up through the epidermis toward the surface of the body. As they move, they produce the tough, fibrous protein called keratin. Q: What is the most common cause of lung cancer? Choices: - coal smoke exposure - restaurant smoke exposure - tree smoke exposure - tobacco smoke exposure A:

Ans:tobacco smoke exposure
Ques: Answer the following question given this paragraph: While the great majority of the alpha particles did pass straight through the foil with no deflection, to everyone's surprise, some alpha particles were deflected. In fact, some alpha were bounced almost straight backward by the foil. Rutherford, using Coulomb's law and Newton's laws found that the results could be explained only if all the positive charge of the atom were concentrated in a tiny, central core, now called the nucleus . Rutherford's model of the atom is therefore, called the nuclear model of the atom. All of the positive charge and essentially all of the mass of the atom are in its nucleus. The atom is 10,000 times as large as the nucleus and is mostly empty space. It was known that electrons are outside the nucleus but how the electrons were arranged in an atom was still a mystery. Q: The nucleus is comprised primarily of? Choices: - energy - faith - matter - empty space A:
Ans:
empty space