Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Substances can change phaseoften because of a temperature change. At low temperatures, most substances are solid; as the temperature increases, they become liquid; at higher temperatures still, they become gaseous. The process of a solid becoming a liquid is called melting (an older term that you may see sometimes is fusion). The opposite process, a liquid becoming a solid, is called solidification. For any pure substance, the temperature at which melting occursknown as the melting pointis a characteristic of that substance. It requires energy for a solid to melt into a liquid. Every pure substance has a certain amount of energy it needs to change from a solid to a liquid. This amount is called theenthalpy of fusion (or heat of fusion) of the substance, represented as Hfus. Some Hfus values are listed in Table 10.2 "Enthalpies of Fusion for Various Substances"; it is assumed that these values are for the melting point of the substance. Note that the unit of Hfus is kilojoules per mole, so we need to know the quantity of material to know how much energy is involved. The Hfus is always tabulated as a positive number. However, it can be used for both the melting and the solidification processes as long as you keep in mind that melting is always endothermic (so H will be positive), while solidification is always exothermic (so H will be negative). Table 10.2 Enthalpies of Fusion for Various Substances Substance (Melting Point). Q: What do you call the process of a solid becoming a liquid? A:
OPTIONS:
- boiling
- vaporizing
- freezing
- melting
Answer: melting

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What's the name for a cluster of genes, where one promoter serves adjacent genes? A:
OPTIONS:
- nucleus
- proton
- plasma
- opteron
output: opteron

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. So in other words, acceleration tells you how quickly the velocity is increasing or decreasing. An acceleration of indicates that the velocity is increasing by in the positive direction every second. Q: What is the rate of change of velocity called? A:

OPTIONS:
- transmission
- vibration
- speed
- acceleration

A: acceleration

input: OPTIONS:
- glucose
- insulin
- testosterone
- estrogen Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: During adolescence, estrogen causes the changes of puberty. It causes the reproductive organs to mature. It also causes other female traits to develop. For example, it causes the breasts to grow and the hips to widen. Q: What causes the changes of puberty? A:
A:
output: estrogen

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The Moon does not produce any light of its own. It only reflects light from the Sun. The Moon has phases because it orbits around Earth. One orbit takes about 28 days. As the moon moves around Earth, different parts of it appear to be lit up by the Sun. The Moon sometimes appears fully lit and sometimes completely dark. Sometimes it is partially lit. The different appearances of the Moon are referred to as phases of the Moon ( Figure below ). Q: About how many days does it take the moon to make one orbit around the earth? A:

OPTIONS:
- 21
- 30
- 22
- 28

Answer: 28

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Some types of candy, such as gummi bears or taffy, are amorphous solids. Table salt has a crystalline geometry. Q: What kind of solids are gummi bears or taffy? A:

OPTIONS:
- imperative solids
- candy solids
- phenomena solids
- amorphous solids

A:
amorphous solids