In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.

Input: Consider Input: Context: Lieber-DeCarli diet has been used to induce obesity and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). As scarce anatomical and clinical-related information on this diet model exists and being exercise an advised strategy to counteract metabolic diseases, we aimed to analyze the preventive (voluntary physical activity - VPA) and therapeutic (endurance training - ET) effect of exercise on clinical/anatomical features of rats fed with Lieber-DeCarli diet.', 'In the beginning of the protocol, Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into standard-diet sedentary (SS, n = 20), standard-diet VPA (SVPA, n = 10), high-fat diet sedentary (HS, n = 20) and high-fat diet VPA (HVPA, n = 10) groups. After 9-weeks, half (n = 10) of SS and HS groups were engaged in an ET program (8 wks/5 d/wk/60 min/day). At this time, a blood sample was collected for biochemical analysis. At the end of protocol (17-weeks) anatomic measures were assessed. Heart, liver, femur and visceral fat were weighted and blood was collected again. Liver section was used for histopathological examination.', 'At 17-weeks, high-fat diet increased visceral adiposity (HS vs. SS), which was counteracted by both exercises. However, ET was the only intervention able to diminished obesity-related measures and the histological features of NASH. Moreover, blood analysis at 9 weeks showed that high-fat diet increased ALT, AST, cholesterol and HDL while VLDL and TG levels were decreased (HS vs. SS). Notably, although these parameters were counteracted after 9-weeks of VPA, they were transitory and not observed after 17-weeks.\Question: Does physical exercise antagonize clinical and anatomical features characterizing Lieber-DeCarli diet-induced obesity and related metabolic disorders?

Output: ET used as a therapeutic tool mitigated the clinical/anatomical-related features induced by Liber-DeCarli diet, thus possibly contributing to control obesity and metabolic disorders.

Input: Consider Input: Context: Apicomplexan parasites actively release transmembrane (TM) adhesive proteins involved in host cell attachment and invasion. Rhomboids, a family of intramembrane serine proteases, cleave these secreted adhesive proteins within their TM domains as an essential step in completing the invasion process. In Cryptosporidium parvum, the activity of rhomboids in cleaving microneme proteins (MICs) has not been reported. In the present study, the interaction between C. parvum rhomboids (CpROM1 and CpROM4) and C. parvum microneme proteins (CpGP900 and CpTRAP-C1) was investigated using yeast two-hybrid assay and co-immunoprecipitation assays.', 'Our study demonstrated that CpROM1 protein could interact with CpGP900 protein in co-transformed AH109 yeasts. Analysis of these proteins in co-transfected mammalian cells showed that the cleavage product of the CpGP900 protein was detected in the co-transfected cells. As control, CpGP900 only was transfected into cells and no cleavage was observed. The results suggested that CpGP900 protein was the substrate of CpROM1. Moreover, CpROM1 and CpROM4 could not cleave CpTRAP-C1 protein, which is the substrate of T. gondii rhomboid 2.\Question: Does cryptosporidium parvum rhomboid1 have an activity in microneme protein CpGP900 cleavage?

Output: Our results showed that CpROM1 is an active protease that is involved in microneme protein CpGP900 cleavage, which lay the foundation for further research on the mechanisms of C. parvum invasion.

Input: Consider Input: Context: Obese twins have lower saturated and higher long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (FA) in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) compared to their lean monozygotic (MZ) co-twin. Whether this holds for metabolically distinct deep (DSAT) and superficial (SSAT) depots is unknown. Here we use non-invasive magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to measure the FA unsaturation in body mass index (BMI) discordant MZ twins in DSAT and SSAT and their relationship to ectopic fat content and body fat distribution. The main finding is further confirmed in an independent cohort using standardized measurement times.', 'MRS and magnetic resonance imaging were used to measure DSAT and SSAT unsaturation and their relationship to intramyocellular lipids (IMCL), hepatocellular lipids (HCL) and the amount of subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in 16 pairs of healthy monozygotic twins (MZ) discordant for BMI. A second independent cohort of 12 healthy volunteers was used to measure DSAT unsaturation and IMCL with standardized measurement time. One volunteer also underwent repeated random measurements of DSAT unsaturation and IMCL.', 'In accordance with biopsy studies SSAT unsaturation was higher in the heavier twins (15.21.0% vs. 14.41.5%, P=0.024) and associated with SAT volume (R=0.672, P=0.001). DSAT unsaturation did not differ between twins (11.40.8 vs. 11.01.0, P=0.267) and associated inversely with IMCL content (R=-0.462, P=0.001). The inverse association between DSAT unsaturation and IMCL was also present in the participants of the second cohort (R=-0.641, P=0.025) and for the repeated sampling at random of one person (R=-0.765, P=0.027).\Question: Does deep subcutaneous adipose tissue lipid unsaturation associate with intramyocellular lipid content?
Output: DSAT and SSAT FA unsaturation shows distinct associations with obesity and IMCL in MZ twins, reflecting compartment-specific metabolic activities. The FA unsaturation in the DSAT depot associates inversely with IMCL content, which raises the possibility of cross talk between the DSAT depot and the rapid turnover IMCL depot.