instruction:
In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.
question:
Context: Elevated myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels are predictive of high cardiovascular (CV) risk in the general population. The value of MPO as a CV marker in the HIV population has not been investigated.', 'Medical records were reviewed to identify HIV+ patients with a documented CV event (myocardial ischemia/infarction) and stored plasma samples within 12 months prior to the event. HIV+ adults with no CV history and with similarly available stored plasma samples were site-, age-, and gender-matched 1:1 to cases.', 'We identified 124 participants (62 case-control pairs): 94% male, median age 46 years. Median (IQR) MPO levels (pmoles/L) were lower in cases vs. controls: 292 (235-376) vs. 320 (249-467); p= .004. Cases were more likely to have other CV risk factors, including smoking, hypertension, and higher cholesterol and triglycerides. The observed MPO directional difference persisted after controlling for CV risk factors. In the reduced model, observed differences in MPO remained independently and negatively associated with CV event (p= .03) after adjusting for two positively associated risk factors, differences in cholesterol levels (p= .01), and differences in smoking history (ever smoked vs. never smoked; p= .04). Differences in triglyceride levels and hypertension were not statistically significant independent risk factors in this sample (p> .05). Within cases, MPO was negatively correlated with CD4 count (rs= -0. 40, p= .0023) and age (rs= -0. 34, p= .01). In contrast, age at blood draw was positively correlated with MPO in controls (rs= 0.28, p= .031) and CD4 was uncorrelated (rs= -0. 01, p> .9). No other factors were significantly correlated with MPO within groups.\Question: Are higher plasma myeloperoxidase levels associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular events in HIV-infected adults?
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In contrast to the general population, higher MPO levels were not predictive of CV events in this study, underscoring the fact that pathways operative in HIV arteriopathy may be distinct from traditional CV disease pathogenesis.

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Context: Sepsis from burn injuries can result from colonisation of burn wounds, especially in large surface area burns. Reducing bacterial infection will reduce morbidity and mortality, and mortality for severe burns can be as high as 15%. There are various quantitative and semi-quantitative techniques to monitor bacterial load on wounds. In the UK, burn wounds are typically monitored for the presence or absence of bacteria through the collection and culture of swabs, but no absolute count is obtained. Quantitative burn wound culture provides a measure of bacterial count and is gaining increased popularity in some countries. It is however more resource intensive, and evidence for its utility appears to be inconsistent. This systematic review therefore aims to assess the evidence on the utility and reliability of different quantitative microbiology techniques in terms of diagnosing or predicting clinical outcomes.', 'Standard systematic review methods aimed at minimising bias will be employed for study identification, selection and data extraction. Bibliographic databases and ongoing trial registers will be searched and conference abstracts screened. Studies will be eligible if they are prospective studies or systematic reviews of burn patients (any age) for whom quantitative microbiology has been performed, whether it is compared to another method. Quality assessment will be based on quality assessment tools for diagnostic and prognostic studies and tailored to the review as necessary. Synthesis is likely to be primarily narrative, but meta-analysis may be considered where clinical and methodological homogeneity exists.\Question: Do protocol for a systematic review of quantitative burn wound microbiology in the management of burns patients?
answer:
Given the increasing use of quantitative methods, this is a timely systematic review, which will attempt to clarify the evidence base. As far as the authors are aware, it will be the first to address this topic.

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Context: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) application and the possible pathways of MSC's effects on tendon strength and healing after tendon repair.", 'The study included 40 Wistar albino rats. Mesenchymal stem cells were obtained from the femurs and tibias of 6 rats. Achilles tendons of the remaining 34 rats were cut and repaired with open surgical procedures. Rats were divided into 2 groups. Percutaneous MSCs were applied to the study group (n=17) and physiological serum only was applied to the control group (n=17) at the 4th week. Rats were sacrificed using the cervical dislocation method under ether anesthesia at the 12th week and samples were analyzed by histological and immunohistochemical methods. For biomechanical analysis, a traction force was applied at 10 mm/min and load to failure was recorded for each specimen in Newtons.', 'Histologically, there was no significant difference between groups (p>0.05). In the immunohistochemical studies, MSCs were located more intensively at the repair zone. Apoptosis was minimally present in the study group and was clearly increased in the control group. Increase in tendon strength was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group at the 12th week (p<0.05).\Question: Does mesenchymal stem cell application improve tendon healing via anti-apoptotic effect ( Animal study )?
answer:
The application of MSCs to decrease re-ruptures has a positive effect on tendon strength, probably due to their anti-apoptotic effects. Mesenchymal stem cell application can be used percutaneously and is effective in clinical practice in the late stages of tendon healing.