Q: The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress is a biographical dictionary of all present and former members of the United States Congress and its predecessor, the Continental Congress. Also included are Delegates from territories and the District of Columbia and Resident Commissioners from the Philippines and Puerto Rico.

The online edition also includes a guide to research collections (a list of institutions where member's papers, letters, correspondence, and other items are archived) as well as an extended bibliography of published works concerning the member (a shorter bibliography is included with the member's biography). These additional resources when available can be accessed via links on the left side of the member's page on the website.

Charles Lanman, author, journalist, and former secretary to Daniel Webster, gathered the first collection of biographies of former and sitting members of Congress for his "Dictionary of Congress", published by J. B. Lippincott & Co. in 1859. Lanman intended his "Dictionary of the United States Congress" to serve primarily as a guide for sitting Members of Congress, much as the "Congressional Directory" functions today.

In 1864, the House of Representatives and the Senate approved the publication of an updated version of Lanman's "Dictionary of Congress" by the recently established Government Printing Office. In the late 1860s Congress offered Benjamin Perley Poore, a journalist and clerk of the Senate Committee on Printing and Records, the job of preparing a "Congressional Directory" with biographical sketches and the kind of reference information found in the "Dictionary of Congress".

Answer the following questions:
1. what does Charles Lanman do for a living?
2. what did he create?
3. when was it published?
4. what year did congress approve an updated version?
5. in the 1860s who carried on the job of making the congressional dictionary?
6. who originally published Lanman's dicitionary?
7. what is the Biographical dictionary of the United States Congress?
8. are delegates from territories also included in it?
9. which ones?
10. who else is in included in the dictionary?
11. is it available online?
12. is correspondence also included?
A: 1. author, journalist, and former secretary to Daniel Webster
2. Dictionary of Congress
3. 1859
4. In 1864
5. Benjamin Perley Poore
6. J. B. Lippincott & Co.
7. dictionary of Congress members
8. yes
9. unknown
10. Resident Commissioners from the Philippines and Puerto Rico.
11. yes
12. no
Q: The Arctic ( or ) is a polar region located at the northernmost part of Earth. The Arctic consists of the Arctic Ocean, adjacent seas, and parts of Alaska (United States), Northern Canada, Finland, Greenland (Denmark), Iceland, Norway, Russia and Sweden. Land within the Arctic region has seasonally varying snow and ice cover, with predominantly treeless permafrost-containing tundra. Arctic seas contain seasonal sea ice in many places.

The Arctic region is a unique area among Earth's ecosystems. For example, the cultures in the region and the Arctic indigenous peoples have adapted to its cold and extreme conditions. In recent years, Arctic sea ice decline has been caused by global warming. Life in the Arctic includes organisms living in the ice, zooplankton and phytoplankton, fish and marine mammals, birds, land animals, plants and human societies. Arctic land is bordered by the subarctic.

The word Arctic comes from the Greek word ("arktikos"), "near the Bear, northern" and that from the word ("arktos"), meaning bear. The name refers either to the constellation Ursa Major, the "Great Bear", which is prominent in the northern portion of the celestial sphere, or to the constellation Ursa Minor, the "Little Bear", which contains Polaris, the Pole star, also known as the North Star.

Answer the following questions:
1. how many countries make up the Arctic?
2. is it warm there?
3. is there anywhere else like it in the world?
4. what lives there?
5. what borders it?
6. what language is the word taken from?
7. what does it mean?
8. where is the area located?
9. are any bodies of water included in its area
10. what is one of them?
A: 1. Eight
2. No
3. No
4. organisms living in the ice, zooplankton and phytoplankton, fish and marine mammals, birds, land animals, plants and human societies.
5. subarctic.
6. Greek
7. near the Bear, northern
8. the northernmost part of Earth
9. Yes
10. the Arctic Ocean
Q: The British Isles are a group of islands off the north-western coast of continental Europe that consist of the islands of Great Britain, Ireland and over six thousand smaller isles. Situated in the North Atlantic, the islands have a total area of approximately 315,159 km2, and a combined population of just under 70 million. Two sovereign states are located on the islands: Ireland (which covers roughly five-sixths of the island with the same name) and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The British Isles also include three Crown Dependencies: the Isle of Man and, by tradition, the Bailiwick of Jersey and the Bailiwick of Guernsey in the Channel Islands, although the latter are not physically a part of the archipelago.

The oldest rocks in the group are in the north west of Scotland, Ireland and North Wales and are 2,700 million years old. During the Silurian period the north-western regions collided with the south-east, which had been part of a separate continental landmass. The topography of the islands is modest in scale by global standards. Ben Nevis rises to an elevation of only 1,344 metres (4,409 ft), and Lough Neagh, which is notably larger than other lakes on the isles, covers 390 square kilometres (151 sq mi). The climate is temperate marine, with mild winters and warm summers. The North Atlantic Drift brings significant moisture and raises temperatures 11 C (20 F) above the global average for the latitude. This led to a landscape which was long dominated by temperate rainforest, although human activity has since cleared the vast majority of forest cover. The region was re-inhabited after the last glacial period of Quaternary glaciation, by 12,000 BC when Great Britain was still a peninsula of the European continent. Ireland, which became an island by 12,000 BC, was not inhabited until after 8000 BC. Great Britain became an island by 5600 BC.

Answer the following questions:
1. where are the oldest rocks?
2. how old ar ethey?
3. how many islands make up the british isles
4. how many independant countries are there?
5. what are they?
6. Is the topologyy massive in scale?
7. how is it described?
8. How high is Ben Nevis?
9. how big is the Lough?
10. Is the climate cold and dry?
11. what is it?
12. which makes what kihnd of conditions?
13. what effect does the north atlantic drift have?
14. how much increase?
15. what kind of plants grew naturally?
16. tropical?
17. is it there now?
18. was britain re-inhabited while it was an island?
19. when did that happen?
20. was Ireland re-inhabited before britain?
A:
1. in north west Scotland, Ireland, and North Wales
2. 2,700 million years old
3. more than six thousand
4. Two
5. Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
6. no
7. modest by global standards.
8. 1,344 metres (4,409 ft)
9. 390 square kilometres (151 sq mi).
10. no
11. temperate marine
12. mild winters and warm summers.
13. brings moisture and raises temperatures
14. 11 C (20 F) above average
15. rainforest
16. no, temperate
17. no
18. yes
19. by 12,000 BC
20. no