Q: Albany is the capital of the U.S. state of New York and the seat of Albany County. Roughly north of New York City, Albany developed on the west bank of the Hudson River, about south of its confluence with the Mohawk River. The population of the City of Albany was 97,856 according to the 2010 census. Albany constitutes the economic and cultural core of the Capital District of New York State, which comprises the Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area, including the nearby cities and suburbs of Troy, Schenectady, and Saratoga Springs. With a 2013 Census-estimated population of 1.1 million the Capital District is the third-most populous metropolitan region in the state and 38th in the United States.

Fortune 500 companies with offices in Albany include American Express, J.P. Morgan and Chase, Merrill Lynch, General Electric, Verizon, Goldman Sachs, International Paper, and Key Bank. In the 21st century, the Capital District has emerged as a major anchor of Tech Valley, the moniker describing the technologically-focused region of eastern New York State.

This was the first European settlement in the state. It was settled by Dutch colonists who in 1614, built Fort Nassau for fur trading and Fort Orange in 1624. They formed successful relations with both the Mahican and the Mohawk peoples, two major Native American nations in the region. The fur trade attracted settlers who founded a village called Beverwijck near Fort Orange. In 1664 the English took over the Dutch settlements, renaming the city as Albany, in honor of the then Duke of Albany, the future James II of England and James VII of Scotland. The city was officially chartered in 1686 under English rule. It became the capital of New York State in 1797, following the United States gaining independence in the American Revolutionary War. Albany is one of the oldest surviving settlements of the original British thirteen colonies, and the longest continuously chartered city in the United States. Its charter is possibly the longest-running instrument of municipal government in the Western Hemisphere.

Answer the following questions:
1. What are some Fortune 500 companies with offices in Albany?
2. What state is it the capital of?
3. What river was it developed on the bank of?
4. Who was it first settled by?
5. When was this?
6. Were there any other european colonies in the state at the time?
7. When did it become the capital?
8. How does it rank in poulation with other cities in the U.S.?
9. And what about in it's state?
10. What is notable about the cities charter?
11. Is it possible it's the longest-running in the western hemisphere?
12. What is it's population according to the 2010 census?
13. What other districts encompass the Capital district of New York State?
14. When did the English take over rule from the Dutch of the city?
A: 1. American Express and J.P. Morgan and Chase
2. the state of New York
3. on the bank of the Hudson River
4. by Dutch colonists
5. 1614
6. yes
7. in 1797
8. it is 38th in the United States.
9. it is the third-most populous
10. it is the longest continuously chartered city in the United States
11. yes
12. 97,856
13. the Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area
14. In 1664

Answer the questions at the end based on the text.

The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century. They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language. Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the Norman conquest.

The early Anglo-Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds. During this period, Christianity was established and there was a flowering of literature and language. Charters and law were also established. The term "Anglo-Saxon" is popularly used for the language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons in England and eastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century. In scholarly use, it is more commonly called Old English.

The history of the Anglo-Saxons is the history of a cultural identity. It developed from divergent groups in association with the people's adoption of Christianity, and was integral to the establishment of various kingdoms. Threatened by extended Danish invasions and military occupation of eastern England, this identity was re-established; it dominated until after the Norman Conquest. The visible Anglo-Saxon culture can be seen in the material culture of buildings, dress styles, illuminated texts and grave goods. Behind the symbolic nature of these cultural emblems, there are strong elements of tribal and lordship ties. The elite declared themselves as kings who developed "burhs", and identified their roles and peoples in Biblical terms. Above all, as Helena Hamerow has observed, "local and extended kin groups remained...the essential unit of production throughout the Anglo-Saxon period." The effects persist in the 21st century as, according to a study published in March 2015, the genetic make up of British populations today shows divisions of the tribal political units of the early Anglo-Saxon period.

1. who were the anglo-saxons?
2. around what century?
3. how is their language commonly referred to?
4. what is it more commonly called?
5. do anglo-saxons come from one group?
6. roughly what year does the anglo-saxon period begin?
7. up until what point?
8. does that include after the Norman conquest?
9. who were they threatened by from extended invasions?
10. what did the elites declare themselves?
11. what did Helena Hamerow observe?

Numbered answers:

A:
1. inhabited Great Britain
2. 5th century
3. Anglo-Saxon
4. Old English
5. yes mainly from Germanic tribes
6. in Britain between about 450 and 106
7. 1066
8. no up untl
9. Anglo-Saxons
10. kings
11. kin groups remained...the essential unit