input: The history of science is the study of the development of science and scientific knowledge, including both the natural sciences and social sciences. (The history of the arts and humanities is termed as the history of scholarship.) Science is a body of empirical, theoretical, and practical knowledge about the natural world, produced by scientists who emphasize the observation, explanation, and prediction of real world phenomena. Historiography of science, in contrast, often draws on the historical methods of both intellectual history and social history.

The English word scientist is relatively recentfirst coined by William Whewell in the 19th century. Previously, people investigating nature called themselves natural philosophers. While empirical investigations of the natural world have been described since classical antiquity (for example, by Thales, Aristotle, and others), and scientific methods have been employed since the Middle Ages (for example, by Ibn al-Haytham, and Roger Bacon), the dawn of modern science is often traced back to the early modern period and in particular to the scientific revolution that took place in 16th- and 17th-century Europe. Scientific methods are considered to be so fundamental to modern science that some consider earlier inquiries into nature to be pre-scientific. Traditionally, historians of science have defined science sufficiently broadly to include those inquiries. 1. What scientist is relatively recent?
2. Who first coined the word scientist?
3. When?
4. What did people call themselves before scientists?
5. What did they investigate?
6. How long have empirical investigations of the natural world been described?
7. Who was one of the people who described these investigations?
8. What did Thales describe?
9. Recently?
10. Have the scientific methods only been used since 2001?
11. What has been employed since the Middle Ages?
12. Is science defined broadly?
13. What have historians of science defined science sufficiently? Return numbered answers in your output.

output: 1. William
2. William Whewell
3. 19th century.
4. natural philosophers
5. nature
6. unknown
7. Roger Bacon
8. natural world
9. 16th- and 17th-century
10. unknown
11. scientific methods
12. no
13. Traditionally

input: Bonaire (pronounced or ; , ; Papiamentu: "Boneiru") is an island in the Leeward Antilles in the Caribbean Sea. Together with Aruba and Curacao, it forms the group known as the ABC islands, less than a hundred miles off the north coast of South America near the western part of Venezuela. Unlike much of the Caribbean region, the ABCs lie outside the hurricane belt. The islands have an arid climate, which helps tourism, as visitors to the islands can reliably expect warm, sunny weather. Bonaire is a popular destination for scuba diving, and easy access from shore to its fringing reefs.

Bonaire's capital is Kralendijk. The island has a permanent population of 18,905 (as of 1 January 2015) and an area of 294km (together with nearby uninhabited Klein Bonaire). Bonaire was part of the Netherlands Antilles until the country's dissolution in 2010, when the island became a special municipality (officially "public body") within the country of the Netherlands. It is one of the three BES islands in the Caribbean, along with Sint Eustatius and Saba.

The name 'Bonaire' is thought to have originally come from the Caquetio word 'Bonay', a name that meant low country. The early Spanish and Dutch modified its spelling to Bojnaj and also Bonaire. The French influence, while present at various times, was never strong enough to make the assumption that the name means 'good air'. 1. How many islands are part of the ABC island?
2. What are they?
3. What kind of climate do they have?
4. Where is Bonaire?
5. What is the capital?
6. How much land do they have?
7. Does that include something else?
8. How many people live in Klein Bonaire?
9. What about Bonaire?
10. What language does the name come from?
11. Which word?
12. What does that mean?
13. Who change the way it's spelled?
14. Did it have a heavy French influence?
15. What country did Bonaire belong to?
16. What happened to that country?
17. When?
18. What kind of Municipality was it after that?
19. Do they get tourists?
20. What sport do they come for? Return numbered answers in your output.

output: 1. three
2. Bonaire, Aruba and Curacao
3. arid
4. in the Caribbean Sea
5. Kralendijk
6. 294km
7. Klein Bonaire
8. nearby none
9. 18,905
10. Caquetio
11. Bonay
12. low country
13. the Spanish and Dutch
14. no
15. the Netherlands Antilles
16. it dissolved
17. 2010
18. a public body
19. yes
20. scuba diving

input: A geodesic dome is a hemispherical thin-shell structure (lattice-shell) based on a geodesic polyhedron. The triangular elements of the dome are structurally rigid and distribute the structural stress throughout the structure, making geodesic domes able to withstand very heavy loads for their size.

The first dome that could be called "geodesic" in every respect was designed after World War I by Walther Bauersfeld, chief engineer of the Carl Zeiss optical company, for a planetarium to house his planetarium projector. A first, small dome was patented, constructed by the firm of Dykerhoff and Wydmann on the roof of the Zeiss plant in Jena, Germany. A larger dome, called "The Wonder of Jena", opened to the public in July 1926. Some 20 years later, R. Buckminster Fuller named the dome "geodesic" from field experiments with artist Kenneth Snelson at Black Mountain College in 1948 and 1949. Although Fuller was not the original inventor, he is credited with the U.S. popularization of the idea for which he received U.S. patent 2,682,235 29 June 1954.

The geodesic dome appealed to Fuller because it was extremely strong for its weight, its "omnitriangulated" surface provided an inherently stable structure, and because a sphere encloses the greatest volume for the least surface area. 1. Who made the first geodesic dome?
2. When?
3. What company did Bauersfeld work for?
4. What did he build the dome for?
5. Did the dome have a patent?
6. Did Fuller invent the geodesic dome?
7. What did he do for the dome type, then?
8. What patent number did he receive?
9. True or False: Fuller popularized the domes in Europe.
10. Where did he, then?
11. Which artist studied with Fuller?
12. Where?
13. When?
14. Where is the Wonder of Jena?
15. In a city of a different name?
16. Is a smaller dome in the same city?
17. On top of what building?
18. What shape is a geodesic dome based on?
19. What shape lends it rigidity?
20. True or False: This type of dome is delicate and cannot support great weight. Return numbered answers in your output.

output:
1. Walther Bauersfeld,
2. after World War I
3. Carl Zeiss optical company
4. his planetarium projector.
5. yes
6. no
7. He popularized it.
8. 2,682,235 29
9. no
10. In the US
11. Kenneth Snelson
12. Black Mountain College i
13. 1948 and 1949
14. Germany
15. no
16. yes
17. the Zeiss plant
18. geodesic polyhedron.
19. triangle
20. false