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SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Social Security Court of Appeals
Act''.

SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT OF COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SOCIAL SECURITY
CIRCUIT.

(a) Number and Composition of Circuits.--Section 41 of title 28,
United States Code, is amended--
(1) by striking ''thirteen'' and inserting ''fourteen'';
and
(2) by adding at the end of the table contained therein the
following:

''Social Security........
All Federal judicial
districts.''.
(b) Number and Residence of Circuit Judges.--(1) Section 44(a) of
title 28, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end of the
table contained therein the following:

''Social Security........
5.''.
(2) Section 44(c) of title 28, United States Code, is amended by
adding at the end the following: ''While in active service, each
circuit judge of the Social Security judicial circuit shall reside
within fifty miles of the District of Columbia.''.
(c) Terms of Court.--(1) Section 48(a) of title 28, United States
Code, is amended by adding at the end of the table contained therein
the following:

''Social Security........
District of Columbia, and in
any other place listed
above as the court
directs.''.
(2) Section 48(d) of title 28, United States Code, is amended by
inserting ''and of the Court of Appeals for the Social Security
Circuit'' after ''Federal Circuit''.

SEC. 3. JURISDICTION.

(a) Final Decisions of District Courts.--Section 1291 of title 28,
United States Code, is amended--
(1) in the first sentence by inserting ''and the United
States Court of Appeals for the Social Security Circuit'' after
''Federal Circuit''; and
(2) by adding at the end the following: ''The jurisdiction
of the United States Court of Appeals for the Social Security
Circuit shall be limited to the jurisdiction described in
subsections (b) and (e) of section 1292 and section 1296 of
this title.''.
(b) Interlocutory Decisions.--Section 1292 of title 28, United
States Code, is amended--
(1) in subsection (a) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)
by striking ''and (d)'' and inserting ''(d), and (e)'';
(2) in subsection (e)--
(A) by redesignating such subsection as subsection
(f); and
(B) by striking ''or (d)'' and inserting ''(d), or
(e)''; and
(3) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:
''(e) The United States Court of Appeals for the Social Security
Circuit shall have exclusive jurisdiction of an appeal from an
interlocutory order or decree described in subsection (a) of this
section in any case over which the court would have jurisdiction of an
appeal under section 1296 of this title.''.
(c) Circuits in Which Decisions Are Reviewable.--Section 1294 of
title 28, United States Code, is amended by striking ''and 1295'' and
inserting ''1292(e), 1295, and 1296''.
(d) General Jurisdiction.--(1) Chapter 83 of title 28, United
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new section:
''Sec. 1296. Jurisdiction of the United States Court of Appeals for the
Social Security Circuit
''The United States Court of Appeals for the Social Security
Circuit shall have exclusive jurisdiction of an appeal from a final
decision of a district court of the United States, the District Court
of Guam, the District Court of the Virgin Islands, or the District
Court for the Northern Mariana Islands, on a determination of the
Secretary of Health and Human Services under title II or XVI of the
Social Security Act that is subject to judicial review as provided in
section 205(g) of that Act.''.
(2) The table of sections at the beginning of chapter 83 of title
5, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:

''1296. Jurisdiction of the United States Court of Appeals for the
Social Security Circuit.''.
(e) Amendment to the Social Security Act.--Section 205(g) of the
Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 405(g)) is amended by striking ''The
judgment of the court shall be final except that it shall be subject to
judicial review in the same manner as a judgment in other civil
actions.'' and inserting ''The judgment of the court shall be final
except that it may be appealed to the United States Court of Appeals
for the Social Security Circuit under chapter 83 of title 28, United
States Code.''.

SEC. 4. ADMINISTRATIVE MATTERS.

(a) Judicial Discipline.--Section 372(c)(18) of title 28, United
States Code, is amended by striking ''and the Court of Appeals for the
Federal Circuit'' and inserting ''the Court of Appeals for the Federal
Circuit, and the Court of Appeals for the Social Security Circuit''.
(b) Official Duty Station.--Section 456(b) of title 28, United
States Code, is amended by inserting ''the United States Court of
Appeals for the Social Security Circuit,'' after ''Federal Circuit,''.
(c) Court Accommodations.--Section 462(d) of title 28, United
States Code, is amended by inserting '', for the United States Court of
Appeals for the Social Security Circuit,'' after ''Federal Circuit''.
(d) Transmission of Petitions.--(1) Section 520 of title 28, United
States Code, is amended--
(A) in subsection (a) by striking ''Claims Court or in the
United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit'' and
inserting ''Court of Federal Claims, in the United States Court
of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, or in the United States
Court of Appeals for the Social Security Circuit''; and
(B) by amending the section heading to read as follows:
''Sec. 520. Transmission of petitions in United States Court of Federal
Claims, in the United States Court of Appeals for the
Federal Circuit, or in the United States Court of Appeals
for the Social Security Circuit; statement furnished by
departments''.
(2) The item relating to section 520 in the table of sections at
the beginning of chapter 31 of title 28, United States Code, is amended
to read as follows:

''520. Transmission of petitions in United States Court of Federal
Claims in the United States Court of
Appeals for the Federal Circuit, or in the
United States Court of Appeals for the
Social Security Circuit; statement
furnished by departments.''.
(e) Budget Estimates.--Section 605 of title 28, United States Code,
is amended in the second undesignated paragraph--
(1) by striking ''such court and'' and inserting ''such
court,''; and
(2) by inserting before the period at the end the
following: '', and the estimate with respect to the United
States Court of Appeals for the Social Security Circuit shall
be approved by such court''.

SEC. 5. OTHER CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

(a) Review of Agency Orders.--Section 2342 of title 28, United
States Code, is amended by inserting ''and the United States Court of
Appeals for the Social Security Circuit'' after ''Federal Circuit''.
(b) Internal Revenue Code.--Section 7482(a)(1) of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 7482(a)(1)) is amended by inserting
''and the United States Court of Appeals for the Social Security
Circuit'' after ''Federal Circuit''.

SEC. 6. EFFECTIVE DATE.

(a) In General.--This Act and the amendments made by this Act shall
take effect 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.
(b) Applicability.--The amendments made by this Act shall apply
with respect to any appeal of an interlocutory order or of a decision
of a district court that is filed on or after the effective date of
this Act.
Social Security Court of Appeals Act - Amends the Federal judicial code to provide for the establishment of a United States Court of Appeals for the Social Security Circuit.
Grants exclusive jurisdiction to such court over specified interlocutory orders or decrees and over appeals from final decisions of a U.S. district court, or the district courts of Guam, the Virgin Islands, or the Northern Mariana Islands, or determinations of the Secretary of Health and Human Services under titles II or XVI of the Social Security Act that are subject to judicial review.
Makes conforming amendments to the Social Security Act and the Internal Revenue Code.