Detailed Instructions: In this task, you're given a paragraph from the research paper and your task is to generate a suitable title for the research paper based on the given paper. Under 100 words is a good title length.
Problem:Background: Osteonecrosis is an incapacitating disorder with high morbidity. Though extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) provides a noninvasive treatment option, controversial subjects still exist about its effectiveness, indications, and mechanism of action. Methods: An electronic databases search was performed using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library to collect clinical trials, case reports, and cases series on this topic and then useful data were extracted and appraised by experienced clinicians. We evaluated the quality of included evidences by using the Oxford Centre for evidence-based medicine (EBM) Levels of Evidence. Results: A total of 17 articles including 2 case reports, 9 open label trials, 2 cohorts, and 6 randomized controlled trials were considered to be eligible for this systematic review. Visual analog scale (VAS), Harris hip scores, and the imaging results were the frequently-used outcome estimates of included studies. Conclusion: By systematically analyzing these evidences, we could conclude that ESWT could act as a safe and effective method to improve the motor function and relieve the pain of patients with osteonecrosis of femoral hip, especially those at early stage. Imaging revealed that bone marrow edema was significantly relieved, but the necrotic bone could not be reversed after ESWT. This technique could slow or even block the progression of ONFH and therefore reduce the demand for surgery. Collaboration with other conservative modalities would not improve the curative benefits of ESWT. Meanwhile, ONFH with various risk factors showed similar reaction to this noninvasive treatment method. However, these conclusions should be interpreted carefully for the low-quality of included publications and further studies are requisite to validate the effect of ESWT in ONFH. Abbreviations: allo-HSCT = allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, ARCO = association research circulation osseous, BMP = bone morphogenic protein, CD = core decompression, EBM = evidence-based medicine, ESWT = extracorporeal shockwave therapy, ESWT = extracorporeal shockwave therapy, HBO = hyperbaric oxygen therapy, ONFH = osteonecrosis of femoral head, RUNX2 = Runt-related transcription factor 2, SARS = severe acute respiratory syndrome, SF-12 = 12-item Short Form, SLE = systemic lupus erythematosus, SR = systematic review, THA = total hip arthroplasty, VAS = visual analog scale, VEGF = vessel endothelial growth factor, WOMAC = Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index.
Solution:
Extracorporeal shockwave therapy in osteonecrosis of femoral head A systematic review of now available clinical evidences