Q: Leftover foodstuffs can cover up stains, shielding them from your cleaning efforts. Rinse and dry the dishes before continuing. To remove deep stains from your dishes, you'll need to introduce a solvent to dissolve the stain so that it can be washed away. Baking soda is a popular and convenient option and is significantly less caustic than industrial solvents. Start with a tablespoon of baking soda, and add just enough water or white vinegar to make a sticky paste. Using a clean dish rag or scouring pad, scrub the stains vigorously with the solvent paste, then rinse. Lemon juice is another common household product which can function as a mild solvent, and is a good substitute for white vinegar. If a baking soda paste has proven ineffective, you may need to allow the solvents more time to deeply penetrate any stains. In enough hot water to completely submerge your dish, dissolve roughly 1 tablespoon (15ml) of baking soda and 1 tbsp of white vinegar per cup of water, then allow the stained dishes to soak in the solution for 1-2 hours. If the stains have faded somewhat, but not completely, you may repeat the baking soda and vinegar soak. If the soak has not been effective at removing the stains, you'll need to consider more heavy-duty solvent options. If common household solvents have proven ineffective, you may need a more potent solvent to remove the stains on your dishes. Many brands and varieties are available. Whenever working with chemicals, be sure to follow any instructions on the product's package closely. Work in a well-ventilated area, and avoid exposure to any caustic chemicals by wearing rubber gloves. Rinse your dishes thoroughly after applying the solvent to ensure that none of it remains on the dish. Not all commercially available heavy-duty dish cleaners are appropriate for all types of dish. Read the packaging carefully, and familiarize yourself with your options before purchasing. Chlorine bleach, or any product containing it, should not be used on ceramics or glazed china, as it may interact with, and ruin, the glaze. Oxygen bleach (usually used for laundry) can be used instead. Mix oxygen bleach powder in hot water, allow it to cool to room temperature, and allow your dishes to soak. This will remove most stains, even the crack-like "crazing lines" which may begin appearing as ceramics age. A common alternative for removing stains on china is 20% hydrogen peroxide solution, which is available in most pharmacies. Simply apply the solution to the affected area of the dish, then wash and rinse thoroughly.
A: Wash dishes thoroughly. Spot-clean stained dishes using a baking soda paste. Use a soaking solution of baking soda and vinegar to remove deeper stains. Rinse the dishes, and evaluate any remaining stains. Try a more powerful solvent. Use care when bleaching ceramics.

Q: Dog socialization means learning to be a part of human and dog society in a healthy manner. Bernese Mountain Dogs are known to be a little aloof, so socializing in the first year of life is especially important. While it's an important part of any puppy's training, for a giant breed of dog it's imperative. Begin by introducing the dog to normal household noises and activity in a non-threatening manner. Don't tease your puppy by chasing it with a broom or vacuum. This will only make it fear these things and maybe even you. Take your puppy for car rides to get it used to riding in vehicles and to introduce them to street sights and sounds through the windows. Dog parks (with your puppy safely leashed) are another good way to interact with other dogs and humans. Puppies can be brought to these places after they have had their first two distemper vaccines. Do not let your puppy off leash unless you are certain it will get along with other dogs and humans. One of the most productive ways to introduce a puppy to other puppies, humans, and normal sights and sounds is to take them to puppy socialization or obedience classes (for older dogs). These classes are held by community education, 4-H clubs, or pet shops and give the dogs and owners a safe place to learn together. Look through your local newspaper or on-line to find classes near you. Your veterinarian's office may also know of any classes available.
A: Begin socializing early. Take your puppy out into the world. Enroll in a socialization or obedience class.

Q: Wrap the hot pack, or hot water bottle, in a towel before putting it on. Apply the hot pack for 10 minutes at a time. As a precaution, you can use a cold pack when you start to feel irritation in your back and spine. Take a cold pack, or a bag of frozen peas, and wrap it in a towel. Apply it to your lower back for 10 minutes at a time. You can try alternating between a hot compress and a cold pack to ease the pain. Leave them on for 10 minutes at a time. Due to your spinal condition, you may be more comfortable walking with your body flexed forward. Lean on a walker or a cane when you stand and walk to reduce stress on your spine. You can buy a walker or a cane at your local medical supply store or online. In some cases, you can get a brace for your back to support your spine. Speak to your doctor about this option. You can order a custom back brace that fits you properly online or through your local medical supply store. Go for chairs that recline and have back support. Avoid chairs with straight backs, as they can make your spinal condition worse. You may swap out your chairs at home or at work to make them more comfortable for your spine and back.
A:
Put a hot compress on your back to ease inflammation and pain. Apply a cold pack to your back to prevent swelling. Use a walker or cane to get around. Get a back brace. Sit in chairs with lumbar support.