Q: Specific foods that aggravate reflux differ greatly from person to person. Writing down everything you eat can help you figure out how best to prevent your symptoms. There is no universal diet that will successfully treat LPR. Even foods that are common triggers may have no effect on your reflux. LPR is caused, in part, by a weakened lower esophageal sphincter. Reflux occurs when that sphincter relaxes. Chocolate, caffeine, and alcohol all cause the lower esophageal sphincter to relax. Coffee may trigger reflux even if decaffeinated. Tobacco use, including smoking, dipping, or chewing tobacco, encourages reflux. If you use tobacco, quitting may also resolve your LPR. Ask your doctor for tobacco cessation assistance and resources. If you monitor your LPR symptoms immediately after using tobacco, you can see the effect your tobacco use is having on your reflux condition. When you are upright, gravity can assist in keeping your stomach acid down. However, lying down causes the contents of your stomach to press against your lower esophageal sphincter, which can cause reflux. In general, avoid eating late at night, when your digestion process is slower. This includes midnight snacks, not just full-blown meals. Most LPR symptoms happen during the day. However, if you have reflux at night, you may need to put the head of your bed up on blocks to prevent acid from traveling down your throat. Propping up on pillows or using a wedge won't work by itself. You have to raise the entire head of the bed 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15cm). Clothing that constricts your waist can put pressure on your abdomen, making LPR symptoms worse. Avoid tight-fitting jeans, tight belts, or clothes designed to compress your abdomen, such as corsets or body shapers. You may find it helpful to switch to pants that have some elastic in the waistband, or that fit lower around your hips instead of high up on your waist.
A: Keep a food journal to help identify triggers. Avoid chocolate, caffeine, and alcohol. Quit using tobacco products. Wait 3 hours after eating before reclining. Elevate your head when sleeping. Wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing.

Q: Protein powder can be added to drinks. This increase their total calories while upping your protein, which can help you gain weight healthily if you have cancer. Go for nutritionally based powders (scandishake, enshake, calshake) and protein-specific powders (maxipro, protifar) over energy powders. You can add a teaspoon of protein powder to virtually any drink, from milk to juice to a soft drink. Most protein powders are tasteless, so they won't cause the drink to taste any different. However, you may notice a slight change in texture. You can make nutritious, high calorie smoothies by mixing milk or yogurt with an array of fruits and vegetables in a blender. Experiment with portions and ingredients until you find something that tastes good to you. You can also buy ready made smoothies at many supermarkets. Try to have a drink that contains calories with meals instead of simple water. Go for something somewhat nutritious, however. Sugary beverages, like soft drinks, can be bad for cancer patients. Instead, go for whole milk, juice without added sugar, or a low sugar sports drink like Gatorade. If your appetite is low, consider replacing one meal with a liquid supplement. While it's best to eat solid foods, if that's not possible for you try a liquid supplement. Some meal replacement smoothies are actually manufactured specifically for cancer patients. Your doctor can write you a prescription for liquid meals you can take on days you're too ill to eat. You can also buy over-the-counter meal replacement smoothies. However, you should still ask your doctor about what types would be best for you given your medical history. Smoothies can come in different flavors, like chocolate, vanilla, and strawberry. Many people dislike the taste but you can try adding a natural sweetener like honey.
A: Add protein powders to drinks. Make your own smoothies. Drink something with calories with meals. Use liquid supplements when your appetite is low.

Q: The finished mixture should look creamy with a light yellow color. Position the sifter or sieve over an additional clean bowl. Beat them until they are just combined.
A: Place the butter in a bowl along with the confectioner's sugar. Mix the two ingredients in a mixing bowl using either a handheld mixer or a stand mixer with a paddle attachment. Add the vanilla and beat the butter mixture for an additional 30 seconds. Place the flour and kosher salt into another clean mixing bowl. Scoop 1/2 of the flour and salt into a sifter or a sieve using a spoon. Turn the sifter handle or tap the sieve until the flour and salt have gone through the mesh and into the mixing bowl. Add 1/3 of the sifted flour and salt to the wet ingredients. Place an additional 1/3 of the dry ingredients into the wet ingredients, mixing until just combined. Repeat the mixing process with the remaining ingredients. Fold in the pecans using a wooden spoon or large flat plastic spatula.

Q: Two fractions that are different but equivalent have, by definition, numerators and denominators that are multiples of each other. In other words, multiplying the numerator and denominator of a fraction by the same number will produce an equivalent fraction. Though the numbers in the new fraction will be different, the fractions will have the same value. For instance, if we take the fraction 4/8 and multiply both the numerator and denominator by 2, we get (42)/(82) = 8/16. These two fractions are equivalent. (42)/(82) is essentially the same as 4/8 2/2 Remember that when multiplying two fractions, we multiply across, meaning numerator to numerator and denominator to denominator. Notice that 2/2 equals 1 when you carry out the division. Thus, it's easy to see why 4/8 and 8/16 are equivalent since multiplying 4/8 (2/2) = 4/8 still. The same way it's fair to say that 4/8 = 8/16. Any given fraction has an infinite number of equivalent fractions. You can multiply the numerator and denominator by any whole number, no matter how large or small to obtain an equivalent fraction. Like multiplication, division can also be used to find a new fraction that's equivalent to your starting fraction. Simply divide the numerator and the denominator of a fraction by the same number to obtain an equivalent fraction. There is one caveat to this process--the resulting fraction must have whole numbers in both the numerator and denominator to be valid. For instance, let's look at 4/8 again. If, instead of multiplying, we divide both the numerator and denominator by 2, we get (4 2)/(8 2) = 2/4. 2 and 4 are both whole numbers, so this equivalent fraction is valid.
A:
Multiply the numerator and denominator by the same number. Divide the numerator and denominator by the same number.