If the dog is performing a desired behavior such as being relaxed, improving confidence, etc., give him a treat. This will help him make a connection between you and good things, but, in particular, it will reinforce that good things happen when he isn't exhibiting shy behavior. This is called positive reinforcement, and it is very effective and highly recommended for shy dogs. Be sure to accompany treats with praise. If you notice your dog is shy around other dogs, find a very friendly and easygoing dog with whom to socialize your dog. Introduce the two dogs very briefly at firstat a distanceand monitor the interaction on leashes. Re-introduce the dogs daily, building up the time spent together. Consider positive progressive agility or obedience training as another good place to meet new dogs and situations. There are several ways to build trust with dogs who have experienced past trauma, which is important to helping your dog stop exhibiting shy behavior. If you have a dog that is showing signs of trauma, do your best to build trust with the dog to minimize shyness. Trauma can result from many different circumstances, including mistreatment or abuse, time spent living feral, or even life in a so-called puppy mill, where the dog may be bred repeatedly but not receive love from humans. Speak calmly, but do not pet the dog. Allow the dog time to adjust to his surroundings. He may mark territory even inside but be patient and careful with discipline. Traumatized dogs may benefit from having a quiet place all to themselves indoors. If you have other pets, you should expose the traumatized animal to them carefully, but make sure the quiet space is off-limits to other pets. Desensitize traumatized dogs to individuals they are shy around by having those people feed and play with him or her while you ignore the dog.
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One-sentence summary -- Reward the dog with treats. Encourage socialization with other dogs. Build trust with traumatized dogs. Respect a traumatized dog.

To accurately follow the direction of travel arrow, look down at the arrow, then focus on a distant object like a tree, telephone pole, or other landmark, and use this as a guide. Don't focus on anything too distant, like a mountain, as huge objects aren't precise enough to navigate by accurately. Once you reach each guide point, use your compass to find another. If visibility is limited and you cannot see any distant objects, use another member of your walking party (if applicable). Stand still, then ask them to walk away from you in the direction indicated by the direction of travel arrow. Call out to them to correct their direction as they walk. When they approach the edge of visibility, ask them to wait until you catch up. Repeat as necessary.
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One-sentence summary -- Focus on points in the distance.

If you choose a title that sounds like it belongs in one genre while the actual content of the story belongs in another, you'll not only confuse potential readers, you may alienate them. For example, if your title sounds distinctly fantasy-esque, like "The Dragon of the Old Tower," but the story is in fact about modern-day brokers on Wall Street, you'll alienate those who pick up your story looking for fantasy and you'll miss entirely those looking for a story about something modern or about the world of elite finance, etc. In the majority of cases, titles that are brief but impactful are more successful than those that are long and difficult to remember. For example, "A Man Discovers the Perils of a Solo Trek Through the Yukon" is likely less compelling to potential readers than "To Build a Fire," which is shorter and more imaginative. Titles that use poetic language, vivid imagery, or a bit of mystery tend to be alluring to potential readers. Poetic language in a title, like "A Rose for Emily" or Gone with the Wind, draws readers with an elegant turn of phrase that promises an equally poetic story or writing style. Titles that evoke vivid imagery appeal to readers because they conjure something tangible and meaningful. A title like Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil, though long, creates an immediate and vivid image that conjures an idea of a battle between good and evil. Imbuing your title with a bit of mystery can also draw readers in. A title like Something Wicked This Way Comes (also an allusion from Macbeth) or "The Black Cat" give just enough information to raise questions that will pull the reader into the story. Though alliteration--the repetition of successive sounds at the beginning of words--can make a title catchier or more memorable, it can also make it sound trite or hokey if not done well. Subtle alliteration, like I Capture the Castle or The Count of Monte Cristo, can add appeal to a title. Obvious or forced alliteration, on the other hand--like "The Guileless Guide of Gullible Gus" or "The Especially Exciting Endeavors of Elanor Ellis"--can easily dissuade a potential reader from picking up your story.
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One-sentence summary -- Create a genre-appropriate title. Limit the length. Make it interesting. Use alliteration sparingly and with caution.

Try not to let your nerves overcome you before you speak. Whenever you start to feel nervous, start thinking about your talking points instead of thinking about what could go wrong. Then, refocus your mind back on your material. Accept that you will make some mistakes. Embracing the fact that everyone makes small, recoverable mistakes when they speak will help you feel less nervous and keep you from making larger, more critical mistakes. Most minor mistakes won't even be noticed. If you make a minor mistake like mispronouncing a word or skipping a small part, don't stop your presentation or start backtracking. This can interrupt your flow and make you even more nervous. Correct the mistake if you notice it right away. Otherwise, just move on. Close your eyes, inhale deeply by breathing into your abdomen, count slowly to three, and exhale fully. Repeat the process until you feel calmer and you can focus on your points instead of your nerves. This is an especially helpful tool to use right before you have to speak. Actors say and do things onstage that they would never imagine saying or doing in everyday life. That's because actors are playing a character. Think about yourself as a character who is a lot like you, but is really comfortable with public speaking. Play that character when you have to talk in front of your class. This helps some people because when they are playing a character, it is easier to take risks knowing that if you mess up, it's the character that will get the blame, not you. Being an actor is a "fake it until you make it" approach. Play someone who is collected and confident. Given enough time, your confidence will stop being fake. You've worked hard to make sure that this speech goes well, so show it. Your classmates will appreciate watching someone who has a bit of fun with the material. The more enthusiastic you are, the less likely they are to notice minor errors and missteps. Congratulate yourself for having the courage to get up in front of your peers. You will always be harder on yourself than anyone else. Ask yourself what you could do better next time. You can even make a list. Try writing down two positives of your presentation for every negative. This way you can focus on areas where you need to improve without feeling like the whole speech failed.
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One-sentence summary --
Stay calm on the big day. Try deep breathing exercises. Be an actor while you speak. Do your best and have fun. Reflect on your speech but don't dwell on mistakes.