question: A social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors. The social network perspective provides a set of methods for analyzing the structure of whole social entities as well as a variety of theories explaining the patterns observed in these structures. The study of these structures uses social network analysis to identify local and global patterns, locate influential entities, and examine network dynamics.

Social networks and the analysis of them is an inherently interdisciplinary academic field which emerged from social psychology, sociology, statistics, and graph theory. Georg Simmel authored early structural theories in sociology emphasizing the dynamics of triads and "web of group affiliations". Jacob Moreno is credited with developing the first sociograms in the 1930s to study interpersonal relationships. These approaches were mathematically formalized in the 1950s and theories and methods of social networks became pervasive in the social and behavioral sciences by the 1980s. Social network analysis is now one of the major paradigms in contemporary sociology, and is also employed in a number of other social and formal sciences. Together with other complex networks, it forms part of the nascent field of network science.
1. Who created the first sociograms?
2. when?
3. What for?
4. What did Georg Simmel write?
5. Dealing with dynamics of what?
6. What does a social network consist of?
7. What happens between actors?
8. What give a set of methods?
9. Does this analyze just part of the social parts?
10. How much?
11. What do the theories explain?
12. What is one reason to study this?
13. What's another?
14. Do you know of any more?
15. Does studying social networks just include one field?
16. How many did it come from?
17. What are they?
18. How was this formalized in the 50s
19. What field of science is this part of?
20. Is it part of modern sociology?
****
answer: 1. Jacob Moreno
2. the 1930s
3. to study interpersonal relationships
4. early structural theories in sociology
5. triads
6. a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations) and sets of dyadic ties
7. social interactions
8. The social network perspective
9. no
10. whole social entities
11. the patterns observed in these structures
12. to identify local and global patterns
13. to locate influential entities
14. to examine network dynamics
15. no
16. Four
17. social psychology, sociology, statistics, and graph theory
18. mathematically
19. network science
20. yes

question: Monaco, officially the Principality of Monaco (), is a sovereign city-state, country and microstate located on the French Riviera in Western Europe. France borders the country on three sides while the other side borders the Mediterranean Sea. Monaco has an area of and a population of about 38,400, according to the last census of 2016. With 19,009 inhabitants per km, it is the second-smallest and most densely populated sovereign state in the world. Monaco has a land border of , a coastline of , and a width that varies between . The highest point in the country is a narrow pathway named Chemin des Revoires on the slopes of Mont Agel, in the Les Revoires "Ward", which is above sea level. Monaco's most populous "Quartier" is Monte Carlo and the most populous "Ward" is Larvotto/Bas Moulins. Through land reclamation, Monaco's land mass has expanded by twenty percent; in 2005, it had an area of only . Monaco is known as a playground for the rich and famous, due to its tax laws. In 2014, it was noted about 30% of the population was made up of millionaires, more than in Zurich or Geneva.

Monaco is a principality governed under a form of constitutional monarchy, with Prince Albert II as head of state. Although Prince Albert II is a constitutional monarch, he wields immense political power. The House of Grimaldi have ruled Monaco, with brief interruptions, since 1297. The official language is French, but Monegasque, Italian, and English are widely spoken and understood. The state's sovereignty was officially recognized by the Franco-Monegasque Treaty of 1861, with Monaco becoming a full United Nations voting member in 1993. Despite Monaco's independence and separate foreign policy, its defense is the responsibility of France. However, Monaco does maintain two small military units.
1. What city is the topic of the article?
2. What is the official name?
3. Is it also considered a country?
4. How is it governed?
5. Who rules?
6. What house does he belong to?
7. How long have they been in power?
8. Is Prince Albert merely a figurehead?
9. What is the official language?
10. Is that the only language spoken?
11. What others are used?
12. How many people populate Monaco?
13. Is it the most densely populated state in the world?
14. What is Monaco know as?
15. Why does it have this reputation?
16. What type of person makes up almost a third of it's population?
17. Where is it located?
18. Who is tasked with the defense of Monaco?
19. How many military units does it command?
20. What occured in 1861?
****
answer: 1. Monaco
2. the Principality of Monaco
3. yes
4. under a form of constitutional monarchy
5. Prince Albert II
6. The House of Grimaldi
7. since 1297
8. no
9. French
10. no
11. Monegasque, Italian, and English
12. about 38,400
13. yes
14. a playground for the rich and famous
15. its tax laws
16. millionaires
17. on the French Riviera
18. France
19. two
20. sovereignty was officially recognized

question: CHAPTER X

THE YOUNG OFFICER

It was a fine afternoon when the train ran down from the granite wilds round Cairnsmuir into a broad green valley. Behind, the red heath, strewn with boulders and scarred by watercourses, rolled upward into gathering clouds; in front, yellow stubble fields and smooth meadows lay shining in the light, with a river flashing through their midst. Whitney, watching the scene from a window, thought the change was typical of southern Scotland, which he had found a land of contrasts.

They had left the _Rowan_ where the river mouth opened into a sheltered, hill-girt bay, and walked up a dale that was steeped in quiet pastoral beauty. It led them to a wind-swept tableland, in which lonely, ruffled lakes lay among the stones, and granite outcrops ribbed the desolate heath. There they had caught the train; and now it was running down to well-tilled levels, dotted with trim white houses and marked in the distance by the blue smoke of a town. Andrew had chosen the route to show Whitney the country, and he admitted that it had its charm.

The train slowed down as it approached a station, and when it stopped Dick jumped up.

"I may be able to get a paper here," he said, and leaped down on to the station platform, where shepherds with rough collies, cattle-dealers, and quarrymen stood waiting.

Dick vanished among the crowd; but a few moments later he returned hurriedly, without his paper.

"I nearly ran into old Mackellar!" he exclaimed with a chuckle. "But I dodged him!"
1. What is the name of the chapter we are discussing?
2. Why did they take the route?
3. Who was showing her?
4. What were they on?
5. Did it slow down?
6. Where?
7. Who got up?
8. Why?
9. Did he leave the train?
10. Where did he go?
11. Was he alone?
12. Who was there?
13. Anyone else?
14. Anyone else?
15. Did he get his paper?
16. Why not?
17. Who?
18. What time of day did they take the train?
19. What country were they in?
20. What body of water did they see?
****
answer:
1. THE YOUNG OFFICER
2. To show Whitney the country.
3. Andrew
4. A train
5. Yes
6. As it approached a station
7. Dick
8. To get a paper.
9. Yes
10. The station platform
11. No
12. Shepherds.
13. Cattle-dealers
14. Quarrymen
15. No
16. He was dodging someone.
17. Old Mackellar
18. In the afternoon.
19. Scotland
20. A river