Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Weathering and erosion. Water, wind, ice, and even plants and animals all act to wear down rocks. Over time they can break larger rocks into smaller pieces called sediments. Moving water, wind, and glaciers then carry these pieces from one place to another. The sediments are eventually dropped, or deposited , somewhere. The sediments may then be compacted and cemented together. This forms a sedimentary rock. This whole process can take hundreds or thousands of years. Q: What is the term for the small particles that rocks are worn down to by water and wind? A:

OPTIONS:
- fragments
- pebbles
- organisms
- sediments

A: sediments

input: OPTIONS:
- in aggregations
- in spores
- In blood cells
- in gametes Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Germline mutations occur in gametes. Somatic mutations occur in other body cells. Chromosomal alterations are mutations that change chromosome structure. Point mutations change a single nucleotide. Frameshift mutations are additions or deletions of nucleotides that cause a shift in the reading frame. Q: Where do germline mutations occur in? A:
A:
output: in gametes

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Most fungi are multicellular, but some exist as single cells. Fungi spend most of their life cycle in the haploid state. They form diploid cells only during sexual reproduction. Like the cells of protists and plants, the cells of fungi have cell walls. But fungi are unique in having cell walls made of chitin instead of cellulose. Chitin is a tough carbohydrate that also makes up the exoskeleton (outer skeleton) of insects and related organisms. Q: What type of state do most fungi spend their lives in? A:

OPTIONS:
- triploid
- meiosis
- diploid
- haploid

Answer: haploid

Problem: OPTIONS:
- spine tingling
- follicles
- hypothermia
- goosebumps
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Goosebumps. Mammals raise their hair with tiny muscles in the skin. Even humans automatically contract these muscles when they are cold. They cause "goosebumps," as shown here. Q: What is the layman's term for mammals raising their hair with tiny muscles in the skin, something that is automatic in humans sensing cold? A:
Answer: goosebumps

Problem:OPTIONS:
- cytoplasm
- pollen
- urea
- sperm

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Gametogenesis may differ between males and females. Male gametes are called sperm . Female gametes are called eggs . In human males, for example, the process that produces mature sperm cells is called spermatogenesis . During this process, sperm cells grow a tail and gain the ability to "swim," like the human sperm cell shown in Figure below . In human females, the process that produces mature eggs is called oogenesis . Just one egg is produced from the four haploid cells that result from meiosis. The single egg is a very large cell, as you can see from the human egg in Figure below . Q: What are the male gametes called? A:
****
A: sperm

Problem:OPTIONS:
- Up and down
- Bakward and forward
- Grinding
- side-to-side movement

Answer the following question given this paragraph: The adductor muscle that closes the jaw is composed of two muscles in mammals: the temporalis and the masseter. These allow side-to-side movement of the jaw, making chewing possible, which is unique to mammals. Most mammals have heterodont teeth, meaning that they have different types and shapes of teeth rather than just one type and shape of tooth. Most mammals are diphyodonts, meaning that they have two sets of teeth in their lifetime: deciduous or "baby" teeth, and permanent teeth. Other vertebrates are polyphyodonts, that is, their teeth are replaced throughout their entire life. Mammals, like birds, possess a four-chambered heart. Mammals also have a specialized group of cardiac fibers located in the walls of their right atrium called the sinoatrial node, or pacemaker, which determines the rate at which the heart beats. Mammalian erythrocytes (red blood cells) do not have nuclei, whereas the erythrocytes of other vertebrates are nucleated. The kidneys of mammals have a portion of the nephron called the loop of Henle or nephritic loop, which allows mammals to produce urine with a high concentration of solutes, higher than that of the blood. Mammals lack a renal portal system, which is a system of veins that moves blood from the hind or lower limbs and region of the tail to the kidneys. Renal portal systems are present in all other vertebrates except jawless fishes. A urinary bladder is present in all mammals. Mammalian brains have certain characteristics that differ from other vertebrates. In some, but not all mammals, the cerebral cortex, the outermost part of the cerebrum, is highly folded, allowing for a greater surface area than is possible with a smooth cortex. The optic lobes, located in the midbrain, are divided into two parts in mammals, whereas other vertebrates. Q: A unique characteristic of mammals is the ability to chew, this happens by the temporalis and the masseter allowing what? A:
****
A:
side-to-side movement