Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

Input: Consider Input: Accurate evaluation of the biological behavior of Gastrointestinal stromal tumor and careful selection of patients with a high risk for tumor recurrence are necessary. In the present study, we analyzed prognostic factors in patients with GIST.', 'A total of 214 patients who had undergone curative resection of a localized primary gastric GIST without adjuvant therapy were enrolled in this retrospective study. Prognostic factors were analyzed. The growth pattern was classified as intramural, endoluminal, exoluminal, or mixed- type.', 'On univariate and multivariate analyses, recurrence was predicted by exoluminal or mixed-type (hazard ratio [HR]=3.7, p=0.043), tumor size of >3.5 cm (HR=7.1, p=0.01), and mitotic rate of >5/50 high-power fields (HR=7.9, p<0.001).

Output: 0

Input: Consider Input: Although allergic sensitization can be generated against various allergens, it is unknown how such a diversity of antigens is able to promote TH2-mediated inflammation leading to atopy. Our previous studies demonstrated that allergen-specific IgG immune complexes (ICs) and house dust mite (HDM) extract both induced dendritic cells (DCs) to drive TH2-mediated inflammation, but the mechanism by which these diverse stimuli produce similar responses is unknown.', 'We sought to identify the DC signaling pathways used by TH2 stimuli to promote TH2-mediated inflammation.', 'C57BL/6, FcRIII(-/-), FcR(-/-), and ST2(-/-) mice were sensitized and challenged with HDM, and inflammation was assessed based on results of flow cytometry and histology and cytokine production. Bone marrow-derived DCs from these strains were used in signaling and adoptive transfer experiments.', 'Our findings indicate that 2 distinct TH2 stimuli, ICs and HDM, use the FcR-associated receptors FcRIII and Dectin-2, respectively, to promote TH2-mediated lung inflammation. In this study we demonstrate that both ICs and HDM induce expression of IL-33, a critical mediator in asthma pathogenesis and the differentiation of TH2 cells, in DCs. Upregulation of IL-33 in DCs is dependent on FcR, Toll-like receptor 4, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Exogenous IL-33 is sufficient to restore the development of TH2 responses in FcR-deficient mice. Finally, adoptive transfer of allergen-pulsed FcR(+/-) bone-marrow derived DCs restores the development of TH2-type inflammation in FcR-deficient mice, demonstrating the necessity of this signaling pathway in DCs for allergen-induced inflammation.

Output: 1

Input: Consider Input: Shear stress alteration has been recognized as a predisposing factor for the impairment of endothelial function. Myocardial bridging is a congenital condition associated with alteration in shear stress, however, its impact upon vasoreactivity remains undetermined.', 'This was a case-control designed study with 29 patients with myocardial bridging and 58 patients without myocardial bridging. Endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent changes in coronary artery diameters, blood flow and wall shear stress were determined after intracoronary infusion of acetylcholine (ACH, 10(-6)-10(-4) mol/L) and nitroglycerine (NTG, 200 microg). Coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) was determined after intracoronary injection of adenosine (18-36 microg). In response to ACH, there was more epicardial vasoconstriction at the myocardial bridging site compared with the proximal and distal segments (-29.6+/-21.7 vs. -9.6+/-22.5 and -17.4+/-21.5%, p<0.05) and compared with the control group (-29.6+/-21.7 vs. -5.9+/-36.5%, p<0.001). The response to NTG and CFVR was the same in the case and the control group. Wall shear rate (WSR) was higher in the MB site at baseline and in response to ACH.
Output: 0