To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on "persuasive salesmanship" _ . Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money. Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce, the makers and dealers first find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase. This concept does not imply that business is benevolent or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction--the firm and the customer--and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best prove? A) Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people. B) It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public. C) Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please. D) Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.
D
Tigers are the largest wild cats in the world. They usually go out to hunt for food when it is dark. When a tiger sees an animal, it moves quickly and then jumps on the animals to kill it. Sometimes it can take the tiger several days to finish eating its food. When the tiger is full, it will cover the dead animal with leaves. Later, when the tiger is hungry again, it comes back to eat some more. Tigers are different from others in the cat family: they like water and often jump into rivers to swim. Some tigers live in very cold places in North Korea, Russia and China. Other tigers live in warmer places--in India and parts of Southeast Asia. But now all tigers are in danger. Some people kill tigers to use their skins for clothes, and their bodies for medicine. There is also less and less land for tigers to live in. ,. The _ is the largest wild cat in the world. A) lion B) tiger C) panda D) bear
B
Q: Let's travel the world together Nickname: Zaloxx Email:jdlxx8@yahoo. com When to travel: Feb 2010-Apr 2010 Self-introduction.. A 40+ male with strong physical and financial abilities. Hope to travel in India, Singapore and Thailand for business as well as for fun. My travel plan: Fly to Delhi and spend 3 weeks in India travelling mostly in north. Fly to Singapore and Thailand for a few business matters and mainly for fun. Whom I am looking for: A female to travel with me. She should be an attractive 30-40 healthy romantic lady and love travelling and relaxing. Together for Christmas and New Year? Nickname: Rue Rose Email: sofitsao@taishin, com. tw When to travel: Dec 2010-Jan 2011 Self-introduction: I am a fit, young, looking 40 years old female, who is easy-going, fun to be with. My travel plan: Would like to go somewhere hot-Cuba, Africa, Morocco, and so on. Perhaps the Christmas and New Year there are more interesting. Whom I am looking for: A male much with similar interests. A non-smoker and light drinker. Travel in good company! Nickname: Louise Email: misskennedy@hotmail, co. uk When to travel: Jan 2010 Self-introduction: 40 years old, fun-loving and easy-going. My travel plan: I need a break and I am open to anywhere. Whom I am looking for: A male travel companion , 24-40. A non-smoker who enjoys outside activities. Prefer someone that speaks Spanish. Need a travel companion in Thailand! Nickname: Gio Email: esteban407@yahoo, com When to travel: Feb 2010-Apr 2010 Self-introduction: I am 28 years old from London. I like to keep fit and enjoy hiking and camping. My travel plan: I plan to visit Thailand and travel around the country to enjoy nature and the sunshine. Whom I am looking for: Someone around my age. A male who is willing to have an active holiday. A lady who wants to be a travel companion can send email to A) jdlxx8@yahoo, com B) sofitsao@taishin. com. tw C) esteban407@yahoo, com D) misskennedy@hotmail. co. uk
A: A
(Question)
In today's throwaway society,dealing with the city's growing mountain of waste is an increasing challenge for the city council . Recently,Edinburgh is faced with the problem of disposing of about 250,000 million tons of waste a year.Despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green manner--largely through encouraging recycling--its aging facilities such as the Powderhall landfill do not have the ability to deal with it. The European Union (EU) has issued a new policy,regulating how such mountains of waste are to be disposed of.The five councils (Edinburgh,East Lothian,West Lothian,Midlothian and Borders) face fines around PS18 million a year from 2013 if they don't increase recycling levels and rely less on landfill.With this in mind,the councils got together with the idea of building a large incinerator plant to burn half of the waste produced in their districts.But this plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new UK government waste policy which required that no more than 25% of the city's waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025. After the plan was abandoned,a private company which already transported millions of tons of the city's waste by train to a landfill site near Dunbar,offered an alternative solution when it suggested opening a huge waste site near Portobello. Since Powderhall is supposed to close in 2015,it seemed necessary for the members of the Edinburgh Council to accept the suggestion.But soon they turned it down--after 700 local objections reached them--because it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loud noise through heavily populated areas. That still leaves the council with a problem.By 2013,only 50% of 1995 levels of waste will be allowed to be sent to landfill.Even if recycling targets are met,there will still be a large amount of rubbish to be burnt up.Due to this,Edinburgh and Midlothian councils have now decided to work together to build an incinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out.(2011*,C) The main way of handling waste in a green manner in Edinburgh is _ . A) recycling B) restoring C) burying D) burning
(Answer)
A