input: In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents. In English, aspirated consonants are allophones in complementary distribution with their unaspirated counterparts, but in some other languages, notably most Indian and East Asian languages, the difference is contrastive.

To feel or see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds, one can put a hand or a lit candle in front of one's mouth, and say pin [pn] and then spin [spn]. One should either feel a puff of air or see a flicker of the candle flame with pin that one does not get with spin. In most dialects of English, the initial consonant is aspirated in pin and unaspirated in spin.

In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter , a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative h. For instance, p represents the voiceless bilabial stop, and p represents the aspirated bilabial stop. 1. How can you tell an aspirated sound from an unaspirated one?
2. what is one way to do that?
3. Is there another way?
4. what are two words you can speak to notice the difference?
5. which is aspirated?
6. what is the definition of aspiration?
7. what happens to a candle when one speaks an aspirated sound near it?
8. What does IPA stand for?
9. How are aspirated sounds noted?
10. Where is the modifier placed? Return numbered answers in your output.

output: 1. test for a puff of air
2. put a candle in front of your mouth
3. put your hand in front of your mouth
4. pin and spin
5. pin
6. the strong burst of breath
7. there will be a flicker in the candle flame.
8. International Phonetic Alphabet
9. by voiceless consonants followed by an aspiration modifier
10. as a superscript

input: Tony was riding his bike home from school. Then he saw Cindy riding her bike in front of him.

Tony yelled, "Hey, Cindy!" Then he rode faster to catch up with her.

Cindy said, "Tony! Hey! Where are you going?"

"I'm going to the empty lot on Maple Street to ride my bike. The other kids are going to be there. Do you want to come?"

"Sure," said Cindy.

Tony and Cindy rode to Maple Street, to the empty lot. The empty lot did not have a house on it. Instead, it had big hills of dirt, and it had trees cut down on the ground. There was a low part that became a pond after it rained. The lot had been empty for a couple of years, because times were bad and the builder couldn't find a buyer for another house. The kids had ridden their bikes over the hills of dirt, around the cut trees, and through the muddy pond. There were bike trails all over the empty lot. There were even places where the kids could jump their bikes.

There were three other children riding their bikes at the empty lot when Tony and Cindy arrived: Lana, Billy and Chris.

Cindy said, "I am calling my mom to let her know that I'm here."

Tony said, "That's a good idea. Can I use your phone when you're done?"

Cindy said "Sure! Keep it for now. I'm going to go on the jump path. I was scared to try it last time. I don't want to break my phone if I fall. I'm leaving my backpack here, too."

"Okay." said Tony. "I'll watch. You'll do good." 1. who was riding their bike?
2. where was he going?
3. from where?
4. who did he see?
5. did he speak to her?
6. what did he say?
7. Did she speak back?
8. what did she say?
9. did they go somewhere together?
10. where?
11. were there others there?
12. how many others?
13. What were their names?
14. what were they doing there?
15. what did Cindy do?
16. did anyone else?
17. who?
18. Who's phone did they use?
19. did he give it back to her?
20. why not? Return numbered answers in your output.

output: 1. Tony
2. home
3. school
4. Cindy
5. yes
6. "Hey, Cindy!
7. yes
8. "Tony! Hey! Where are you going?"
9. yes
10. an empty lot
11. yes
12. Three
13. Lana, Billy and Chris.
14. riding their bikes
15. called her mom
16. yes
17. Tony
18. Cindy's
19. no
20. she was going on the jump path

input: Chapter XI. --NUSSLER IN NEISSE, WITH THE OLD DESSAUER AND WALRAVE.

The Old Dessauer with part of his 20,000,--aided by Boy Dietrich (KNABE, "Knave Dietrich," as one might fondly call him) and the Moravian Meal-wagons,--accomplished his Troppau-Jablunka Problem perfectly well; cleaning the Mountains, and keeping them clean, of that Pandour rabble, as he was the man to do. Nor would his Expedition require mentioning farther,--were it not for some slight passages of a purely Biographical character; first of all, for certain rubs which befell between his Majesty and him. For example, once, before that Interview at Chrudim, just on entering Bohemia thitherward, Old Leopold had seen good to alter his march-route; and--on better information, as he thought it, which proved to be worse--had taken a road not prescribed to him. Hearing of which, Friedrich reins him up into the right course, in this sharp manner:--

"CHRUDIM, 21st APRIL. I am greatly surprised that your Serenity, as an old Officer, does not more accurately follow my orders which I give you. If you were skilfuler than Caesar, and did not with strict accuracy observe my orders, all else were of no help to me. I hope this notice, once for all, will be enough; and that in time coming you will give no farther causes to complain." [King to Furst Leopold (Orlich, i. 219-221).]

Friedrich, on their meeting at Chrudim, was the same man as ever. But the old Son of Gunpowder stood taciturn, rigorous, in military business attitude, in the King's presence; had not forgotten the passage; and indeed he kept it in mind for long months after. And during all this Ober-Schlesien time, had the hidden grudge in his heart;--doing his day's work with scrupulous punctuality; all the more scrupulous, they say. Friedrich tried, privately through Leopold Junior, some slight touches of assuagement; but without effect; and left the Senior to Time, and to his own methods of cooling again. 1. Who was Boy Dietrich helping?
2. What was he tidying?
3. What did they not talk about further?
4. Did he change his traveling route?
5. How many people were with him?
6. Who is upset that they went a different way?
7. Where did they meet up?
8. Had he changed?
9. Who did he try to assuage?
10. Did he give up? Return numbered answers in your output.

output:
1. The Old Dessauer
2. the Mountains
3. his Expedition
4. Yes
5. 20,000
6. Friedrich
7. Chrudim
8. No
9. Leopold Junior
10. Yes