*Question*
Q: What are the cells or structures that detect sensations? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: 14.1 | Sensory Perception By the end of this section, you will be able to: Describe different types of sensory receptors Describe the structures responsible for the special senses of taste, smell, hearing, balance, and vision Distinguish how different tastes are transduced Describe the means of mechanoreception for hearing and balance List the supporting structures around the eye and describe the structure of the eyeball Describe the processes of phototransduction A major role of sensory receptors is to help us learn about the environment around us, or about the state of our internal environment. Stimuli from varying sources, and of different types, are received and changed into the electrochemical signals of the nervous system. This occurs when a stimulus changes the cell membrane potential of a sensory neuron. The stimulus causes the sensory cell to produce an action potential that is relayed into the central nervous system (CNS), where it is integrated with other sensory informationor sometimes higher cognitive functionsto become a conscious perception of that stimulus. The central integration may then lead to a motor response. Describing sensory function with the term sensation or perception is a deliberate distinction. Sensation is the activation of sensory receptor cells at the level of the stimulus. Perception is the central processing of sensory stimuli into a meaningful pattern. Perception is dependent on sensation, but not all sensations are perceived. Receptors are the cells or structures that detect sensations. A receptor cell is changed directly by a stimulus. A transmembrane protein receptor is a protein in the cell membrane that mediates a physiological change in a neuron, most often through the opening of ion channels or changes in the cell signaling processes. Transmembrane receptors are activated by chemicals called ligands. For example, a molecule in food can serve as a ligand for taste receptors. Other transmembrane proteins, which are not accurately called receptors, are... Choices: - hormones - membranes - proteins - receptors A:
**Answer**
receptors

*Question*
Q: The a in atp is short for what? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Let's take a closer look at a molecule of ATP. Although it carries less energy than glucose, its structure is more complex. "A" in ATP refers to the majority of the molecule adenosine a combination of a nitrogenous base and a five-carbon sugar. "T" and "P" indicate the three phosphates, linked by bonds which hold the energy actually used by cells. Usually, only the outermost bond breaks to release or spend energy for cellular work. Choices: - amino - acetic - acid - adenosine A:
**Answer**
adenosine

*Question*
Q: What process tends to be external in aquatic species and internal in terrestrial species? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: Aquatic species generally have external fertilization, whereas terrestrial species usually have internal fertilization. Choices: - infection - pollination - migration - fertilization A:
**Answer**
fertilization

*Question*
Q: What is the scale on which acidity is measured? Read this paragraph and choose the correct option from the provided answers: The concentration of hydronium ions in a solution is known as acidity. In pure water, the concentration of hydronium ions is very low; only about 1 in 10 million water molecules naturally breaks down to form a hydronium ion. As a result, pure water is essentially neutral. Acidity is measured on a scale called pH , as shown in Figure below . Pure water has a pH of 7, so the point of neutrality on the pH scale is 7. Choices: - m - hp - g - ph A:
**Answer**
ph