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There are three main benefits to neutering a male dog. These include a decrease in unwanted puppies, medical benefits to the neutered dog, and a reduction in negative behaviors associated with intact (unneutered) dogs. Population control. A male dog that is neutered cannot produce any offspring. There already are 3.7 million unwanted pets that are euthanized (put to sleep) in the United States each year. By neutering your dog you take away the possibility of him contributing to this overwhelming problem. Medical benefits. By removing the testicles any cancer or disease that affects these organs is prevented. Also, as a male dog ages it enlarges and it can become infected. Neutering prevents both of these problems and it decreases the chance of your dog developing prostate cancer. Negative behaviors. Intact male dogs develop behaviors that most people find repugnant. These include urine marking, aggression, roaming (to find females to mate with), and mounting behaviors. While neutering can completely eliminate these tendencies it can greatly reduce the occurrence and make behavior training a bit easier to perform. You need to make sure your dog is healthy enough to undergo anesthesia, as it will be sedated and under anesthesia during the surgery. This always carries a little risk to the dog, so be sure your dog is healthy. Proper feeding, exercise, and vaccinations will go a long way to ensure your dog is as healthy as possible. You will need to call your veterinary clinic or hospital to schedule a surgical appointment. They will give you their pre-operation protocol, which generally includes withholding food the night before surgery and discontinuation of certain medications. They will also let you know if your dog will be able to go home the day of surgery or if they prefer to keep them overnight for observation. When you bring your dog to the veterinary office the day of surgery, your dog will be weighed and examined to make sure it is ready for surgery. If so, the dog will then be prepared for surgery. This generally includes giving a sedative, placing a tube down the windpipe, putting the dog on anesthesia, putting in an IV (in the vein) line for fluids and medication administration, and shaving and cleansing of the surgery site. The operation itself is straightforward. An incision will be made either directly in the skin on top of the testicles or immediately forward of the testicles. Each testicle will be teased from the body, the blood vessels and attachments will be "tied off" with suture material, and then the testicles will be removed. After carefully making sure there is no bleeding the incision site will be sutured, stapled or glued shut depending on the surgeon's preference. The anesthetic gas will be turned off and the dog will slowly awaken from the anesthetic.
Understand why it is important to neuter your dog. Make sure your dog is healthy enough for surgery. Schedule the surgery. Bring your dog in for surgery. Understand what is involved with the neutering surgery.