Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
The Nation of Islam, abbreviated as NOI, is an African American political and religious movement, founded in Detroit, Michigan, United States, by Wallace D. Fard Muhammad on July 4, 1930. Its stated goals are to improve the spiritual, mental, social, and economic condition of African Americans in the United States and all of humanity. Critics have described the organization as being black supremacist and antisemitic. The Southern Poverty Law Center tracks the NOI as a hate group. Its official newspaper is "The Final Call". In 2007, the core membership was estimated to be between 20,000 and 50,000.

After Fard disappeared in June 1934, the Nation of Islam was led by Elijah Muhammad, who established places of worship (called Temples or Mosques), a school named Muhammad University of Islam, farms, and real estate holdings in the United States and abroad. The Nation has long been a strong advocate of African-American businesses.

There were a number of splits and splinter groups during Elijah Muhammad's leadership, most notably the departure of senior leader Malcolm X to become a Sunni Muslim. After Elijah Muhammad's death in 1975, his son, Warith Deen Mohammed, changed the name of the organization to "World Community of Islam in the West" (and twice more after that), and attempted to convert it to a mainstream Sunni Muslim ideology.
1. What is the religious and political movement discussed in the article?
2. How is it abbreviated?
3. Where was it founded?
4. By whom?
5. When?
6. What is its print publication?
7. As of 2007, how many members did it boast?
8. What are its purported aims?
9. How do those critical of it describe it?
10. Who considers it a hate group?
11. What happened to its originator?
12. When?
13. Who was his replacement?
14. What kind of institutions did he establish?
15. What are those named?
16. Did he create an educational institution?
17. What is it titled?
18. What does the group promote advocacy of?
19. What famous figure left the Nation?
20. When did its head die?

Numbered answers:
1. The Nation of Islam.
2. NOI.
3. Detroit, Michigan.
4. Wallace D. Fard Muhammad.
5. July 4, 1930.
6. "The Final Call".
7. Between 20,000 and 50,000.
8. Improve the condition of African Americans in the US and all of humanity.
9. Black supremacist and antisemitic.
10. The Southern Poverty Law Center.
11. Disappeared.
12. June 1934.
13. Elijah Muhammad.
14. Places of worship.
15. pl Temples or Mosques.
16. Yes.
17. Muhammad University of Islam.
18. African-American businesses.
19. Malcolm X
20. 1975

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
CHAPTER VI.

THE PRIEST'S CHAMBER.

I was very glad that Polly had left school and come home for good. It was far more cheerful and pleasant than it had been at all since I left school. Polly made the place so cheerful with her bright happy smile, and was so full of life and fun, that I never found time to sit and muse, and wonder and fret over the future, as I had done before she came home. She never left me long alone for any time, but every day would make me go out for long walks with her, and indeed devoted herself entirely to cheering and amusing me. Papa too very much recovered his spirits under her genial influence; and altogether she made our home much brighter and more cheerful than before.

So our life went on for nearly three months, and then one Friday evening I was told that Sarah was below waiting to speak to me. I was rather surprised, for she had been to the house very seldom before, and then always on Sunday evenings.

However, the moment she came in, I saw that she had something very important to tell. Her bright face was quite pale with excitement, and her whole figure was in a nervous tremble.

"Oh, miss," she burst out directly the door was closed behind her, "Oh, miss, I have found the secret door!"

Although I had tried all along to hope that she would some day do so, that hope had been so long deferred that it had almost died away; and now at the sudden news, I felt all the blood rush to my heart, the room swam round with me, and I sat on a chair quite overwhelmed by the sudden shock.
1. Had Polly left school?
2. Was she planning on going back?
3. Was she generally a happy person?
4. When did Sarah show up?
5. What day of the week was it?
6. What day of the week was it?
7. When did she usually come?
8. What was so important that she had to tell?
9. Was she nervous about it?
10. Was the narrator surprised?
11. What did Polly do every day?
12. What did she devote herself to?
13. How was Papa doing?

Numbered answers:
1. Yes
2. No
3. Yes
4. Nearly three months later
5. Nearly three months later
6. Friday
7. Sunday
8. She found the secret door
9. Yes
10. Yes
11. Make the narrator go out with her
12. To cheering and amusing her
13. Much better

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
Did you ever wonder who invented products like Liquid Paper, Kevlar or paper bags? Most would think a man invented these items. Guess what? Women invented each of these. What? You don't believe me? Well, read this:

Liquid Paper was invented by Bette Nesmith Graham in 1951 and originally called Mistake Out. Being a typist, Bette was increasingly _ with being unable to erase her typing mistakes. The messy business left her hands black and the paper dirty. Bette was good at painting and remembered that an artist paints over mistakes. She applied that same principle to typing mistakes and Liquid Paper was born, making Bette into a self-made millionaire.

Kevlar, yes, the Kevlar of the bullet proof vest --what police officers and soldiers wear, was invented by Stephanie Kwolek. Stephanie worked for the DuPont Company as a research chemist. She was asked to find a high-performance fiber. Originally, this fiber was intended to be used for car tires . However, the fiber she developed in 1964 was amazing and is still used in products such as sailboats, skis, shoes, and yes, bullet proof vests. In 1995 Stephanie was named to the National Inventor's Hall of Fame.

Margaret Knight invented a machine that revolutionized the making of paper bags. Paper bags had been made like envelopes but Margaret developed a machine that would fold and paste a flat-bottom paper bag, the very same type we still use today. Margaret's family was poor and she started working at the age of nine. Her first invention at the age of twelve was a safety tool for a loom . Later she worked for the Columbia Paper Bag Company. It was there that she worked on improving the making of paper bags. She was issued her patent in 1870.

So next time you use a new product or an old one, will you wonder who made it? Do some research on the web and answer a few questions like: Who invented it? How was it invented? You may be surprised at some of the stories you uncover.
1. Women invented which 3 common products?
2. Who invented liquid paper?
3. In what year?
4. What was the product originally called?
5. What was Bette before becoming an inventor?
6. She was also good at what?
7. Who invented the bullet proof vest?
8. When was it developed?
9. Is it still used today?
10. What honor did she receive in 1995?
11. What did Margaret Knight invent?
12. At what age did she begin working?
13. At what age did she have her first invetion?
14. What did she create?
15. When was her patent issued?
Numbered answers:
1. Liquid Paper, Kevlar or paper bags
2. Bette Nesmith Graham
3. 1951
4. Mistake Out.
5. Typist
6. Painting
7. Stephanie Kwolek
8. 1964
9. yes
10. National Inventor's Hall of Fame
11. a machine that revolutionized the making of paper bags
12. Nine
13. 12
14. safety tool for a loom
15. 1870