Premise:
"You can, though, aspire to half measures that do two things."
Hypothesis: Not taking all the precautions necessary produces two effects.

yes

Premise:
"The nonprofit operation pays the debts of attorneys and health care professionals who work with the poor."
Hypothesis: The nonprofit corporation doesn't pay debts for health care professionals working with the less fortunate.

no

Premise:
"I don't know what they--unlike, say, Martin Luther King--stand for."
Hypothesis: I know what Martin Luther King stood for.
yes