Answer the following question given this paragraph: Cinder cones are the smallest and most common type of volcano. Cinder cones have steep sides like composite volcanoes. But they are much smaller, rarely reaching even 300 meters in height. Cinder cones usually have a crater at the summit. Cinder cones are composed of small fragments of rock, called cinders. The cinders are piled on top of one another. The cinders can be mafic, intermediate, or felsic in composition. These volcanoes usually do not produce streams of lava. Cinder cones often form near larger volcanoes. Most composite and shield volcanoes have nearby cinder cones. Q: What is the most common type of volcano? Choices: - geyser - block cone - flat - cinder cone A:
cinder cone
Answer the following question given this paragraph: The DNA double helix. The two sides are the sugar-phosphate backbones, composed of alternating phosphate groups and deoxyribose sugars. The nitrogenous bases face the center of the double helix. As the base-pairing rules tell us, A always pairs with T, and G always pairs with C. Q: Which structure includes sugar-phosphate "backbones", composed of alternating phosphate groups and deoxyribose sugars, and nitrogenous bases? Choices: - molecule double helix - mulecular triplex - dna triple helix - dna double helix A:
dna double helix
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Dehydration and hydrolysis reactions are catalyzed, or "sped up," by specific enzymes; dehydration reactions involve the formation of new bonds, requiring energy, while hydrolysis reactions break bonds and release energy. These reactions are similar for most macromolecules, but each monomer and polymer reaction is specific for its class. For example, in our bodies, food is hydrolyzed, or broken down, into smaller molecules by catalytic enzymes in the digestive system. This allows for easy absorption of nutrients by cells in the intestine. Each macromolecule is broken down by a specific enzyme. For instance, carbohydrates are broken down by amylase, sucrase, lactase, or maltase. Proteins are broken down by the enzymes pepsin and peptidase, and by hydrochloric acid. Lipids are broken down by lipases. Breakdown of these macromolecules provides energy for cellular activities. Q: Lipids are broken down by what? Choices: - hydrolysis - triglycerides - amino acids - lipases A:
A: lipases
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Water and carbon dioxide molecules are reactants in the process of photosynthesis. Does this mean they are "food" for plants, algae, and blue-green bacteria? Use the definition of "food" to answer this question. Q: Water and carbon dioxide molecules are reactants in what plant process? Choices: - digestion - breathing - glycolysis - photosynthesis A:
Answer: photosynthesis
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: By gaining an electron, the chlorine atom becomes a chloride ion. It now has more electrons than protons and a charge of -1. Negative ions are named by adding the suffix ide to the first part of the element name. The symbol for chloride is Cl - . Q: What kind of ions are named by adding the suffix -ide to the end? Choices: - similar ions - particular ions - positive ions - negative ions A:
**Answer**
negative ions
(Q).
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Streptophytes Until recently, all photosynthetic eukaryotes were considered members of the kingdom Plantae. The brown, red, and gold algae, however, have been reassigned to the Protista kingdom. This is because apart from their ability to capture light energy and fix CO2, they lack many structural and biochemical traits that distinguish plants from protists. The position of green algae is more ambiguous. Green algae contain the same carotenoids and chlorophyll a and b as land plants, whereas other algae have different accessory pigments and types of chlorophyll molecules in addition to chlorophyll a. Both green algae and land plants also store carbohydrates as starch. Cells in green algae divide along cell plates called phragmoplasts, and their cell walls are layered in the same manner as the cell walls of embryophytes. Consequently, land plants and closely related green algae are now part of a new monophyletic group called Streptophyta. The remaining green algae, which belong to a group called Chlorophyta, include more than 7000 different species that live in fresh or brackish water, in seawater, or in snow patches. A few green algae even survive on soil, provided it is covered by a thin film of moisture in which they can live. Periodic dry spells provide a selective advantage to algae that can survive water stress. Some green algae may already be familiar, in particular Spirogyra and desmids. Their cells contain chloroplasts that display a dizzying variety of shapes, and their cell walls contain cellulose, as do land plants. Some green algae are single cells, such as Chlorella and Chlamydomonas, which adds to the ambiguity of green algae classification, because plants are multicellular. Other algae, like Ulva (commonly called sea lettuce), form colonies (Figure 25.7). Q: Cells in green algae divide along cell plates called what? Choices: - chloroplasts - cellulose - xanthophylls - phragmoplasts A:
(A).
phragmoplasts