Logic of a solution: *Mutation creates new genetic variation in a gene pool. Most mutations are beneficial to the organism. Most genetic variations in a gene pool are beneficial to organisms.*
*(G)*
The original question: *Most what in a gene pool are beneficial to organisms?
Options:
- (A) resistance activities
- (B) genetic ties
- (C) genetic distractions
- (D) Plant reproduction
- (E) fur and fat
- (F) resistance
- (G) genetic variations
- (H) genetic similarities*

Line 1: *Reproduction is the process by which organisms give rise to offspring. Mutations are sources of variations in offspring. Mutations can occur during the reproduction process.*
*(B)*
Line 2: *What can happen during the reproduction process?
Options:
- (A) tree falls
- (B) Mutations
- (C) Plants growth
- (D) movement
- (E) competition
- (F) adding heat
- (G) contamination
- (H) Dehydration*

Logic of a solution: *Most modern gymnosperms are trees with woody trunks. Conifers are examples of gymnosperms. Conifers are trees with woody trunks.*
*(A)*
The original question: *What is a tree with a woody trunk?
Options:
- (A) conifer
- (B) orchids
- (C) plants
- (D) trees
- (E) less water
- (F) vines
- (G) lycophytes
- (H) ferns*

Line 1: *Reptiles are a class of tetrapod vertebrates that produce amniotic eggs. Crocodiles, snakes, and lizards are all types of reptiles. Crocodiles are a type of tetrapod vertebrates that make amniotic eggs.*
*(D)*
Line 2: *What is an example of a tetrapod vertebrate?
Options:
- (A) genus
- (B) Leeuwenhoek
- (C) a fish
- (D) crocodile
- (E) animals
- (F) four limbs
- (G) warm-blooded
- (H) graptolites*

Logic of a solution: *Energy is passed up a food chain or web from lower to higher trophic levels. Plants represent the first trophic level. Energy is passed up a food chain from plants.*
*(H)*
The original question: *What passes energy up the food chain to adult vegans?
Options:
- (A) cows
- (B) animals
- (C) Batteries.
- (D) chickens
- (E) Power companies.
- (F) glucose
- (G) Humans.
- (H) Plants.*

Logic of a solution: *Thyroid hormones increase the rate of metabolism in cells throughout the body. Metabolism is the sum of all the chemical processes in a living organism. Thyroid hormones increase the rate of all the chemical processes in living organism cells.*
*(A)*
The original question:
*What increases the rate of all the chemical processes in living organism cells?
Options:
- (A) Thyroid hormones
- (B) Blood Cells
- (C) Hair Follicles
- (D) oxidation reaction
- (E) Temperature changing
- (F) Skin Cells
- (G) temperature
- (H) heat energy*