Question: The 1973 oil crisis began in October 1973 when the members of the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC, consisting of the Arab members of OPEC plus Egypt and Syria) proclaimed an oil embargo. By the end of the embargo in March 1974, the price of oil had risen from US$3 per barrel to nearly $12 globally; US prices were significantly higher. The embargo caused an oil crisis, or "shock", with many short- and long-term effects on global politics and the global economy. It was later called the "first oil shock", followed by the 1979 oil crisis, termed the "second oil shock."

The crisis had a major impact on international relations and created a rift within NATO. Some European nations and Japan sought to disassociate themselves from United States foreign policy in the Middle East to avoid being targeted by the boycott. Arab oil producers linked any future policy changes to peace between the belligerents. To address this, the Nixon Administration began multilateral negotiations with the combatants. They arranged for Israel to pull back from the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights. By January 18, 1974, US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger had negotiated an Israeli troop withdrawal from parts of the Sinai Peninsula. The promise of a negotiated settlement between Israel and Syria was enough to convince Arab oil producers to lift the embargo in March 1974. 1. When did the oil crisis begin?
2. How long did it last?
3. How much did costs rise?
4. Whats another name for it?
5. How many others were there?
6. Who caused it?
7. Why?
8. Who started deliberating to raise the embargo?
9. What did they do?
10. Who had to make peace in this process?
11. Did these developments directly benefit members of OPEC?
12. How so?
13. Who was the primary target of the embargo?
14. Who distanced themselves from the US during this time?
15. What cause the second oil shock? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. October 1973
2. Six months
3. At least $9.
4. First oil shock
5. One
6. Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries
7. United States policies in the Middle East
8. Nixon Administration
9. Arranged for Israel to pull back from the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights.
10. Israel and Syria
11. Yes
12. Syria and Egypt were members, and they benefited from Israel's withdrawals.
13. Israel
14. Some European nations and Japan
15. unknown

Question: Chapter IV. -- FRIEDRICH TAKES THE FIELD AGAIN, INTENT ON HAVING NEISSE.

This Breslau Adventure, which had yielded Friedrich so important an acquisition, was furthermore the cause of ending these Strehlen inactivities, and of recommencing field operations. August 11th, Neipperg, provoked by the grievous news just come from Breslau, pushes suddenly forward on Schweidnitz, by way of consolation; Schweidnitz, not so strong as it might be made, where the Prussians have a principal Magazine: "One might at least seize that?" thinks Neipperg, in his vexed humor. But here too Friedrich was beforehand with him; broke out, rapidly enough, to Reichenbach, westward, which bars the Neipperg road to Schweidnitz: upon which,--or even before which (on rumor of it coming, which was not YET true),--Neipperg, half done with his first day's march, called halt; prudently turned back, and hastened, Baumgarten way, to his strong Camp at Frankenstein again. His hope in the Schweidnitz direction had lasted only a few hours; a hope springing on the mere spur of pique, soon recognizable by him as futile; and now anxieties for self-preservation had succeeded it on Neipperg's part. For now Friedrich actually advances on him, in a menacing manner, hardly hoping Neipperg will fight; but determined to have done with the Neisse business, in spite of strong camps and cunctations, if it be possible. [Orlich, i. 137, 138.]

It was August 16th, when Friedrich stirred out of Strehlen; August 21st, when he encamped at Reichenbach. Till September 7th, he kept manoeuvring upon Neipperg, who counter-manoeuvred with vigilance, good judgment, and would not come to action: September 7th, Friedrich, weary of these hagglings, dashed off for Neisse itself, hoped to be across Neisse River, and be between Neisse Town and Neipperg, before Neipperg could get up. There would then be no method of preventing the Siege of Neisse, except by a Battle: so Friedrich had hoped; but Neipperg again proved vigilant. 1. What did he get from the Adventure?
2. Was it an insignificant one?
3. When did Neipperg arrive?
4. why?
5. by whom or what?
6. where did it come from?
7. what did he do upon return?
8. on what?
9. how?
10. Is Schweidnitz weak?
11. Who is humorous?
12. who was marching?
13. was he finished?
14. how much is done?
15. When did Friedrich leave Strehlen?
16. Where did he go next?
17. when?
18. what did he do there?
19. where was he heading?
20. Did he take action?
21. What did he do on September 7?
22. to where? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. an acquisition
2. no
3. August 11th
4. he was provoked
5. the grievous news
6. Breslau
7. pushes suddenly forward
8. Schweidnitz
9. by way of consolation
10. yes
11. Neipperg
12. Neipperg
13. no
14. half
15. August 16th
16. Reichenbach
17. August 21st
18. encamped
19. upon Neipperg
20. no
21. dashed off
22. Neisse

Question: A brother and sister have been reunited after more than 60 years, thanks to a letter in the Welwyn and Hatfield Times.

For years John Hannant Kept a photograph of his long-lost sister, hoping they would meet again. Margery, the eldest of the three children, had signed up to the Royal Air Force as part of the war effort, when John was still a baby. The family lost touch and as the decade s passed only a single letter gave a clue to her whereabouts. The clue was enough for a WHT reader to recognize Margery and put the family back in touch..

John, 67, had been searching for a long time and a friend suggested writing to the paper.

"That's the one that made it, the letter to the paper a few months age," he said. "It's like a dream come true. The last time we ever heard from Margery was in 1953 after the floods. She wrote home to know if we were all right. My sister Dorothy wrote back, But Margery had moved again and never got the letter."

Having retired from his job as a gardener at Park House, Mr. Hannat decided to take action once and for all. He and his wife Doreen, travelled to Margery's home in Chelwood Avenue, Hatfield , which she shares with her husband Jack Cooke.

Now 88, she was recovering after several months in hospital, but immediately recognized her brother. John said, "It's something that I never thought was going to happen, but I always hoped it would." As well as finding his sister, John has also discovered he now has a nephew, niece and six grandnieces and grandnephews. 1. What is this story about?
2. How did it happen?
3. Where did Margery go?
4. How old is John?
5. When was Margery last heard from?
6. How old is Margery?
7. How did John make a living?
8. Where did he Garden?
9. Who is John married to?
10. Where does Margery live now?
11. Who does she live with?
12. What is his name?
13. Does Margery have kids?
14. How many?
15. Does she have grandchildren?
16. How many?
17. Who is John's other sister? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers:
1. A brother and sister have been reunited
2. letter in the Welwyn and Hatfield Times
3. the Royal Air Force
4. 67
5. in 1953
6. 88
7. as a gardener
8. Park House
9. Doreen
10. Hatfield
11. husband
12. Jack Cooke
13. yes
14. two
15. yes
16. six
17. Dorothy