Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.

[EX Q]: Radiofrequency applications to the posteroseptal region can ablate the atrioventricular accessory pathway residing in this area. In conjunction with the adjacent anatomic structures, however, ablative lesions which do not effectively ablate the accessory pathway could markedly alter retrograde atrial activation sequence and confound interpretation of further mapping of an accessory pathway.', 'Electrophysiologic studies, endocardial activation mapping and radiofrequency catheter ablation were undertaken in three patients with recurrent supraventricular tachycardia. Patients were initially thought to have a single posteroseptal accessory pathway; earliest ventrioatrial activation during tachycardias and during ventricular pacing was at the coronary sinus ostium, but initial radiofrequency applications were unsuccessful to ablate the pathway. After initial radiofrequency applications to the posteroseptal region, the earliest retrograde atrial activation changed to the right atrial free wall in two patients. Additional radiofrequency application to the posteroseptal area was able to ablate the single posteroseptal accessory pathway in one patient. Radiofrequency application to the right atrial free wall was required to stop tachycardia initiation in other patient. The third patient was suspected of having a slow-slow atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia. Radiofrequency application to the posteroseptal area changed the earliest retrograde atrial activation to the distal coronary sinus recording site, mimicking an accessory pathway at the left atrial free wall. Radiofrequency application to the anteroseptum was able to ablate the concealed accessory pathway.
[EX A]: 0

[EX Q]: Hematopoiesis is regulated by proliferation, differentiation, and death. p16(INK4a) has been reported to regulate apoptosis and differentiation of diverse cells, as well as arresting the cell cycle at G1 phase. The aim of this study is to explore the properties of p16 in apoptosis and differentiation of erythroid cells.', 'We transfected the INK4a gene to K562 cells, which defect the INK4a gene, and compared the effect of enforced expression of p16(INK4a) with that of various additives, topoisomerase I inhibitor (SN 38), interferon-alpha, phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase inhibitor (LY294002), and serum deprivation, which arrest cell cycle at different phases. We also investigated the role of p16(INK4a) in normal day-6 human erythroid colony-forming cells by transfecting the INK4a gene.', 'p16(INK4a) induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase, and promoted erythroid differentiation in viable K562 cells, but induced apoptosis in K562 cells with incomplete differentiation. The apoptosis induced by p16 was accompanied with downregulation of bcl-x and nuclear NF-kappaB. These findings were not observed in K562 cells treated with various additives. p16(INK4a) decreased the cell viability and promoted apoptosis in day-9 ECFC.
[EX A]: 1

[EX Q]: The protective functions of oestrogen therapy alone on cardiovascular risk parameters are well established; however, the action of progesterone on vascular parameters in an oestrogen-deprived environment is less clear.', 'To examine the effects of progesterone alone on vascular function and hormone levels in postmenopausal women.', 'In a randomized, double-blind, cross-over design study, 20 healthy postmenopausal women were tested before and after 6 weeks of treatment with micronized progesterone (100 mg/daily) and matching placebo.', 'Tests included measurement of sex hormones and gonadatropin levels, lipids and measures of surrogate markers of vascular function including, blood pressure, flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery, systemic arterial compliance and cutaneous vascular reactivity.', 'The mean (+/- SEM) age of subjects was 56.4 +/- 2.7 years and the average body mass index at the baseline visit was 27.1 +/- 1.0 kg/m2. Progesterone levels increased as a result of progesterone treatment (0.9 +/- 0.2 to 9.5 +/- 2.3 nmol/l, P = 0.001), whereas follicle-stimulating hormone levels decreased (75.1 +/- 11.4 to 67.6 +/- 10.0, P = 0.001). Systemic arterial compliance, flow mediated dilation, cutaneous vascular reactivity, blood pressure, body mass index, plasma levels of cholesterol, lipids and oestrogen were unchanged.
[EX A]:
1