Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: In an atom, what is determined by electron distribution in shells? A:

OPTIONS:
- covalence
- ionic bonds
- electromagnetism
- chemical behavior

Answer: chemical behavior

Problem: OPTIONS:
- filter and a cathode
- vortex and a cathode
- anode and a vortex
- anode and a cathode
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Zinc is an important component of many kinds of batteries. This metal is mined as zinc compounds, one of which is zinc carbonate. To obtain the pure metal, the ore must go through the following chemical processes:. Q: What are the two main components in a battery? A:
Answer: anode and a cathode

Problem:OPTIONS:
- absorption
- destruction
- diffusion
- diffraction

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Diffraction occurs when waves spread out as they travel around obstacles or through openings in obstacles. Q: What is it called when waves spread out as they travel around obstacles or through openings in obstacles? A:
****
A: diffraction

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Therian mammals are viviparous. They give birth to an embryo or infant rather than laying eggs. The female reproductive system of a therian mammal includes a uterus and a vagina. There are two groups of therian mammals: placental mammals and marsupials. Q: What are the two groups of therian mammals? A:
OPTIONS:
- felines and canines
- monotremes and mollusks
- dolphins and whales
- placental mammals and marsupials
placental mammals and marsupials

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Acids are substances that provide hydrogen ions (H+) and lower pH, whereas bases provide hydroxide ions (OH) and raise pH. The stronger the acid, the more readily it donates H+. For example, hydrochloric acid and lemon juice are very acidic and readily give up H+ when added to water. Conversely, bases are those substances that readily donate OH. The OH ions combine with H+ to produce water, which raises a substance's pH. Sodium hydroxide and many household cleaners are very alkaline and give up OH rapidly when placed in water, thereby raising the pH. Most cells in our bodies operate within a very narrow window of the pH scale, typically ranging only from 7.2 to 7.6. If the pH of the body is outside of this range, the respiratory system malfunctions, as do other organs in the body. Cells no longer function properly, and proteins will break down. Deviation outside of the pH range can induce coma or even cause death. So how is it that we can ingest or inhale acidic or basic substances and not die? Buffers are the key. Buffers readily absorb excess H+ or OH, keeping the pH of the body carefully maintained in the aforementioned narrow range. Carbon dioxide is part of a prominent buffer system in the human body; it keeps the pH within the proper range. This buffer system involves carbonic acid (H2CO3) and bicarbonate (HCO3) anion. If too much H+ enters the body, bicarbonate will combine with the H+ to create carbonic acid and limit the decrease in pH. Likewise, if too much OH is introduced into the system, carbonic acid will rapidly dissociate into bicarbonate and H+ ions. The H+ ions can combine with the OH ions, limiting the increase in pH. While carbonic acid is an important product in this reaction, its presence is fleeting because the carbonic acid is released from the body as carbon dioxide gas each time we breathe. Without this buffer system, the pH in our bodies would fluctuate too much and we would fail to survive. Q: What are substances that provide hydrogen ions (h+) and lower ph? A:
OPTIONS:
- proteins
- nutrients
- bases
- acids

Answer: acids

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Regions of the Vertebral Column The vertebral column originally develops as a series of 33 vertebrae, but this number is eventually reduced to 24 vertebrae, plus the sacrum and coccyx. The vertebral column is subdivided into five regions, with the vertebrae in each area named for that region and numbered in descending order. In the neck, there are seven cervical vertebrae, each designated with the letter "C" followed by its number. Superiorly, the C1 vertebra articulates (forms a joint) with the occipital condyles of the skull. Inferiorly, C1 articulates with the C2 vertebra, and so on. Below these are the 12 thoracic vertebrae, designated T1T12. The lower back contains the L1L5 lumbar vertebrae. The single sacrum, which is also part of the pelvis, is formed by the fusion of five sacral vertebrae. Similarly, the coccyx, or tailbone, results from the fusion of four small coccygeal vertebrae. However, the sacral and coccygeal fusions do not start until age 20 and are not completed until middle age. An interesting anatomical fact is that almost all mammals have seven cervical vertebrae, regardless of body size. This means that there are large variations in the size of cervical vertebrae, ranging from the very small cervical vertebrae of a shrew to the greatly elongated vertebrae in the neck of a giraffe. In a full-grown giraffe, each cervical vertebra is 11 inches tall. Q: The coccyx, or tailbone, results from the fusion of four small what? A:
OPTIONS:
- rib vertebrae
- arsine vertebrae
- alangulam vertebrae
- coccygeal vertebrae
output:
coccygeal vertebrae