Answer the following question given this paragraph: When gametes unite during fertilization, the resulting zygote inherits two alleles for each gene. One allele comes from each parent. Q: How many alleles comes from each parent? Choices: - none - two - three - one A:
one
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: What length of time is human gestation commonly divided into? Choices: - two halves - fifty weeks - four quarters - three trimesters A:
three trimesters
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Nerves of the Face and Oral Cavity An iconic part of a doctor's visit is the inspection of the oral cavity and pharynx, suggested by the directive to "open your mouth and say 'ah. '" This is followed by inspection, with the aid of a tongue depressor, of the back of the mouth, or the opening of the oral cavity into the pharynx known as the fauces. Whereas this portion of a medical exam inspects for signs of infection, such as in tonsillitis, it is also the means to test the functions of the cranial nerves that are associated with the oral cavity. The facial and glossopharyngeal nerves convey gustatory stimulation to the brain. Testing this is as simple as introducing salty, sour, bitter, or sweet stimuli to either side of the tongue. The patient should respond to the taste stimulus before retracting the tongue into the mouth. Stimuli applied to specific locations on the tongue will dissolve into the saliva and may stimulate taste buds connected to either the left or right of the nerves, masking any lateral deficits. Along with taste, the glossopharyngeal nerve relays general sensations from the pharyngeal walls. These sensations, along with certain taste stimuli, can stimulate the gag reflex. If the examiner moves the tongue depressor to contact the lateral wall of the fauces, this should elicit the gag reflex. Stimulation of either side of the fauces should elicit an equivalent response. The motor response, through contraction of the muscles of the pharynx, is mediated through the vagus nerve. Normally, the vagus nerve is considered autonomic in nature. The vagus nerve directly stimulates the contraction of skeletal muscles in the pharynx and larynx to contribute to the swallowing and speech functions. Further testing of vagus motor function has the patient repeating consonant sounds that require movement of the muscles around the fauces. The patient is asked to say "lah-kah-. Q: Which nerve directly stimulates the contraction of skeletal muscles in the pharynx and larynx to contribute to the swallowing and speech functions? Choices: - glands nerve - larynx nerve - gland nerve - vagus nerve A:
A: vagus nerve
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Many STIs are caused by bacteria. Some of the most common bacterial STIs are chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis. Bacterial STIs can be cured with antibiotics. Q: What are most stis caused by? Choices: - vaccines - parasites - viruses - bacteria A:
Answer: bacteria
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Under which conditions do many bacteria carry out alcohol fermentation? Choices: - melting - enzymatic - photosynthesis - anaerobic A:
**Answer**
anaerobic
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Control of Catabolic Pathways Enzymes, proteins, electron carriers, and pumps that play roles in glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain tend to catalyze non-reversible reactions. In other words, if the initial reaction takes place, the pathway is committed to proceeding with the remaining reactions. Whether a particular enzyme activity is released depends upon the energy needs of the cell (as reflected by the levels of ATP, ADP, and AMP). Glycolysis The control of glycolysis begins with the first enzyme in the pathway, hexokinase (Figure 7.19). This enzyme catalyzes the phosphorylation of glucose, which helps to prepare the compound for cleavage in a later step. The presence of the negatively charged phosphate in the molecule also prevents the sugar from leaving the cell. When hexokinase is inhibited, glucose diffuses out of the cell and does not become a substrate for the respiration pathways in that tissue. The product of the hexokinase reaction is glucose-6-phosphate, which accumulates when a later enzyme, phosphofructokinase, is inhibited. Q: Enzymes, proteins, electron carriers, and pumps that play roles in glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain tend to catalyze reactions that are what? Choices: - continuous - reversible - changeable - non-reversible A:
non-reversible