TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given text for US Congressional and California state bills, your task is to generate a summary for this bill.
PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Fracturing Regulations are Effective
in State Hands Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress finds that--
(1) hydraulic fracturing is a commercially viable practice
that has been used in the United States for more than 60 years
in more than 1,000,000 wells;
(2) the Ground Water Protection Council, a national
association of State water regulators that is considered to be
a leading groundwater protection organization in the United
States, released a report entitled ''State Oil and Natural Gas
Regulations Designed to Protect Water Resources'' and dated May
2009 finding that the ''current State regulation of oil and gas
activities is environmentally proactive and preventive'';
(3) that report also concluded that ''[a]ll oil and gas
producing States have regulations which are designed to provide
protection for water resources'';
(4) a 2004 study by the Environmental Protection Agency,
entitled ''Evaluation of Impacts to Underground Sources of
Drinking Water by Hydraulic Fracturing of Coalbed Methane
Reservoirs'', found no evidence of drinking water wells
contaminated by fracture fluid from the fracked formation;
(5) a 2009 report by the Ground Water Protection Council,
entitled ''State Oil and Natural Gas Regulations Designed to
Protect Water Resources'', found a ''lack of evidence'' that
hydraulic fracturing conducted in both deep and shallow
formations presents a risk of endangerment to ground water;
(6) a January 2009 resolution by the Interstate Oil and Gas
Compact Commission stated ''The states, who regulate
production, have comprehensive laws and regulations to ensure
operations are safe and to protect drinking water. States have
found no verified cases of groundwater contamination associated
with hydraulic fracturing.'';
(7) on May 24, 2011, before the Oversight and Government
Reform Committee of the House of Representatives, Lisa Jackson,
the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency,
testified that she was ''not aware of any proven case where the
fracking process itself has affected water'';
(8) in 2011, Bureau of Land Management Director Bob Abbey
stated, ''We have not seen evidence of any adverse effect as a
result of the use of the chemicals that are part of that
fracking technology.'';
(9)(A) activities relating to hydraulic fracturing (such as
surface discharges, wastewater disposal, and air emissions) are
already regulated at the Federal level under a variety of
environmental statutes, including portions of--
(i) the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33
U.S.C. 1251 et seq.);
(ii) the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f et
seq.); and
(iii) the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.);
but
(B) Congress has continually elected not to include the
hydraulic fracturing process in the underground injection
control program under the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C.
300f et seq.);
(10) in 2011, the Secretary of the Interior announced the
intention to promulgate new Federal regulations governing
hydraulic fracturing on Federal land;
(11) a February 2012 study by the Energy Institute at the
University of Texas at Austin, entitled ''Fact-Based Regulation
for Environmental Protection in Shale Gas Development'', found
that ''[n]o evidence of chemicals from hydraulic fracturing
fluid has been found in aquifers as a result of fracturing
operations''; and
(12) on October 1, 2014, the Ground Water Protection
Council and State Oil and Gas Regulatory Exchange released a
report entitled ''State Oil and Gas Regulations Designed to
Protect Water Resources'' that describes the cutting edge of
State-based oil and gas regulations, concluding that ''In step
with dramatic industry growth over the past five years, states
have substantially improved groundwater protection laws and
regulations governing oil and natural gas production.''.

SEC. 3. DEFINITION OF FEDERAL LAND.

In this Act, the term ''Federal land'' means--
(1) public lands (as defined in section 103 of the Federal
Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1702));
(2) National Forest System land;
(3) land under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of
Reclamation; and
(4) land under the jurisdiction of the Corps of Engineers.

SEC. 4. STATE AUTHORITY.

(a) In General.--A State shall have the sole authority to
promulgate or enforce any regulation, guidance, or permit requirement
regarding the treatment of a well by the application of fluids under
pressure to which propping agents may be added for the expressly
designed purpose of initiating or propagating fractures in a target
geologic formation in order to enhance production of oil, natural gas,
or geothermal production activities on or under any land within the
boundaries of the State.
(b) Federal Land.--The treatment of a well by the application of
fluids under pressure to which propping agents may be added for the
expressly designed purpose of initiating or propagating fractures in a
target geologic formation in order to enhance production of oil,
natural gas, or geothermal production activities on Federal land shall
be subject to the law of the State in which the land is located.

SOLUTION: Fracturing Regulations are Effective in State Hands Act This bill gives states the sole authority to promulgate or enforce any regulation, guidance, or permit requirement regarding hydraulic fracturing on or under any land within their boundaries. Hydraulic fracturing or fracking is a process to extract underground resources such as oil or gas from a geologic formation by injecting water, a propping agent (e.g., sand), and chemical additives into a well under enough pressure to fracture the geological formation. Hydraulic fracturing on federal land must comply with the law of the state in which the land is located.

PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''Tax Relief Certainty Act of 2011''.

TITLE I--PERMANENT TAX RELIEF

SEC. 101. REPEAL OF EGTRRA SUNSET.

Section 901 of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation
Act of 2001 is repealed.

SEC. 102. REPEAL OF JGTRRA SUNSET.

Section 303 of the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of
2003 is repealed.

SEC. 103. TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

The Secretary of the Treasury or the Secretary's delegate shall,
not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act,
submit to the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of
Representatives and the Committee on Finance of the Senate a draft of
any technical and conforming changes in the Internal Revenue Code of
1986 which are necessary to reflect throughout such Code the purposes
of the provisions of, and amendments made by, this Act.

TITLE II--PERMANENT INDIVIDUAL AMT RELIEF

SEC. 201. PERMANENT INDIVIDUAL AMT RELIEF.

(a) Modification of Alternative Minimum Tax Exemption Amount.--
(1) In general.--Paragraph (1) of section 55(d) of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to exemption amount) is
amended to read as follows:
''(1) Exemption amount for taxpayers other than
corporations.--In the case of a taxpayer other than a
corporation, the term 'exemption amount' means--
''(A) the dollar amount for taxable years beginning
in the calendar year as specified in the table
contained in paragraph (4)(A) in the case of--
''(i) a joint return, or
''(ii) a surviving spouse,
''(B) the dollar amount for taxable years beginning
in the calendar year as specified in the table
contained in paragraph (4)(B) in the case of an
individual who--
''(i) is not a married individual, and
''(ii) is not a surviving spouse,
''(C) 50 percent of the dollar amount applicable
under paragraph (1)(A) in the case of a married
individual who files a separate return, and
''(D) $22,500 in the case of an estate or trust.
For purposes of this paragraph, the term 'surviving spouse' has
the meaning given to such term by section 2(a), and marital
status shall be determined under section 7703.''.
(2) Specified exemption amounts.--Section 55(d) of such
Code is amended by adding at the end the following new
paragraph:
''(4) Specified exemption amounts.--
''(A) Taxpayers described in paragraph (1)(A).--For
purposes of paragraph (1))(A)--

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The
''For taxable years beginning in-- exemption
amount is:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2011....................................................... $74,450
2012....................................................... $78,250
2013....................................................... $81,450
2014....................................................... $85,050
2015....................................................... $88,650
2016....................................................... $92,650
2017....................................................... $96,550
2018....................................................... $100,950
2019....................................................... $105,150
2020....................................................... $109,950
2021....................................................... $112,250.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

''(B) Taxpayers described in paragraph (1)(B).--For
purposes of paragraph (1))(B)--

------------------------------------------------------------------------
The
''For taxable years beginning in-- exemption
amount is:
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2011....................................................... $48,450
2012....................................................... $50,350
2013....................................................... $51,950
2014....................................................... $53,750
2015....................................................... $55,550
2016....................................................... $57,550
2017....................................................... $59,500
2018....................................................... $61,700
2019....................................................... $63,800
2020....................................................... $66,200
2021....................................................... $68,200.''.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

(b) Alternative Minimum Tax Relief for Nonrefundable Credits.--
(1) In general.--Subsection (a) of section 26 of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows:
''(a) Limitation Based on Amount of Tax.--The aggregate amount of
credits allowed by this subpart for the taxable year shall not exceed
the sum of--
''(1) the taxpayer's regular tax liability for the taxable
year reduced by the foreign tax credit allowable under section
27(a), and
''(2) the tax imposed by section 55(a) for the taxable
year.''.
(2) Conforming amendments.--
(A) Child tax credit.--
(i) Section 24(b) of such Code is amended
by striking paragraph (3).
(ii) Section 24(d)(1) of such Code is
amended--
(I) by striking ''section 26(a)(2)
or subsection (b)(3), as the case may
be,'' each place it appears in
subparagraphs (A) and (B) and inserting
''section 26(a)'', and
(II) by striking ''section 26(a)(2)
or subsection (b)(3), as the case may
be'' in the second last sentence and
inserting ''section 26(a)''.
(B) Credit for interest on certain home
mortgages.--Section 25(e)(1)(C) of such Code is amended
to read as follows:
''(C) Applicable tax limit.--For purposes of this
paragraph, the term 'applicable tax limit' means the
limitation imposed by section 26(a) for the taxable
year reduced by the sum of the credits allowable under
this subpart (other than this section and sections 23,
25D, and 1400C).''.
(C) Savers' credit.--Section 25B of such Code is
amended by striking subsection (g).
(D) Residential energy efficient property.--Section
25D(c) of such Code is amended to read as follows:
''(c) Carryforward of Unused Credit.--If the credit allowable under
subsection (a) exceeds the limitation imposed by section 26(a) for such
taxable year reduced by the sum of the credits allowable under this
subpart (other than this section), such excess shall be carried to the
succeeding taxable year and added to the credit allowable under
subsection (a) for such succeeding taxable year.''.
(E) Certain plug-in electric vehicles.--Section
30(c)(2) of such Code is amended to read as follows:
''(2) Personal credit.--For purposes of this title, the
credit allowed under subsection (a) for any taxable year
(determined after application of paragraph (1)) shall be
treated as a credit allowable under subpart A for such taxable
year.''.
(F) Alternative motor vehicle credit.--Section
30B(g)(2) of such Code is amended to read as follows:
''(2) Personal credit.--For purposes of this title, the
credit allowed under subsection (a) for any taxable year
(determined after application of paragraph (1)) shall be
treated as a credit allowable under subpart A for such taxable
year.''.
(G) New qualified plug-in electric vehicle
credit.--Section 30D(c)(2) of such Code is amended to
read as follows:
''(2) Personal credit.--For purposes of this title, the
credit allowed under subsection (a) for any taxable year
(determined after application of paragraph (1)) shall be
treated as a credit allowable under subpart A for such taxable
year.''.
(H) Cross references.--Section 55(c)(3) of such
Code is amended by striking ''26(a), 30C(d)(2),'' and
inserting ''30C(d)(2)''.
(I) Foreign tax credit.--Section 904 of such Code
is amended by striking subsection (i) and by
redesignating subsections (j), (k), and (l) as
subsections (i), (j), and (k), respectively.
(J) First-time home buyer credit for the district
of columbia.--Section 1400C(d) of such Code is amended
to read as follows:
''(d) Carryforward of Unused Credit.--If the credit allowable under
subsection (a) exceeds the limitation imposed by section 26(a) for such
taxable year reduced by the sum of the credits allowable under subpart
A of part IV of subchapter A (other than this section and section 25D),
such excess shall be carried to the succeeding taxable year and added
to the credit allowable under subsection (a) for such taxable year.''.
(3) Adoption credit.--
(A) In general.--Section 10909 of the Patient
Protection and Affordable Care Act, and the amendments
made thereby, are repealed; and the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986 shall be applied as if such section, and
amendments, had never been enacted.
(B) Conforming amendments.--
(i) Section 23(b) of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as in effect on December 31,
2009, is amended by striking paragraph (4).
(ii) Section 23(c) of such Code, as in
effect on December 31, 2009, is amended by
striking paragraphs (1) and (2) and inserting
before paragraph (3) the following:
''(1) In general.--If the credit allowable under subsection
(a) for any taxable year exceeds the limitation imposed by
section 26(a) for such taxable year, reduced by the sum of the
credits allowable under this subpart (other than this section
and sections 25D and 1400C), such excess shall be carried to
the succeeding taxable year and added to the credit allowable
under subsection (a) for such taxable year.''.
(iii) Section 23(c) of such Code, as in
effect on December 31, 2009, is amended by
redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2).
(c) Effective Date.--The amendments and the repeal made by this
section shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010.

TITLE III--PERMANENT ESTATE TAX RELIEF

SEC. 301. PERMANENT ESTATE TAX RELIEF.

(a) In General.--Title III of the Tax Relief, Unemployment
Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010, and the
amendments made thereby, are repealed; and the Internal Revenue Code of
1986 shall be applied as if such title, and amendments, had never been
enacted.
(b) Effective Date.--The repeal made by this section shall apply to
estates of decedents dying, gifts made, and generation skipping
transfers after December 31, 2009.

SOLUTION: Tax Relief Certainty Act of 2011 - Eliminates: (1) the terminating date of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001, thus making the tax relief provisions of such Act permanent; and (2) the terminating date of the Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 applicable to reductions in the tax rate for dividend and capital gain income.

Amends the Internal Revenue Code to: (1) phase-in between 2011 through 2021increases in the exemption amount for the alternative minimum tax (AMT); and (2) make permanent offsets against the AMT for certain nonrefundable tax credits.

Makes permanent the repeal of the estate, gift, and generation-skipping transfer taxes for decedents dying, gifts made, and generation skipping transfers after December 31, 2009.

PROBLEM: SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the ''10th Amendment Regulatory Reform
Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

The Congress finds:
(1) The 10th article of amendment to the Constitution of
the United States (hereinafter in this section referred to as
the ''10th Amendment'') , ratified on December 15, 1791,
states, ''The powers not delegated to the United States by the
Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved
to the States respectively, or to the people.''.
(2) The 10th Amendment expressly limits the powers of the
Federal Government to those delegated by the Constitution and
reaffirms and protects the freedom of the States to exercise
those that are not.
(3) The 10th Amendment reflects the opposition of the
Founding Fathers to a Federal Government with expansive powers;
their intention for the powers of the States to act as a check
on those of the Federal Government; and their concern that the
Federal Government would attempt to usurp powers intended to
remain with the States.
(4) James Madison, in The Federalist No. 45, wrote, ''The
powers delegated by the proposed Constitution to the Federal
Government are few and defined. Those which are to remain in
the State governments are numerous and indefinite.''.
(5) The Supreme Court, in United States v. Sprague, 282
U.S. 716 (1931), noted, ''The Tenth Amendment was intended to
confirm the understanding of the people at the time the
Constitution was adopted, that powers not granted to the United
States were reserved to the States or to the people.''.
(6) The Supreme Court, in Fry v. United States, 421 U.S.
542 (1975), also noted, ''The Amendment expressly declares the
constitutional policy that Congress may not exercise power in a
fashion that impairs the States' integrity or their ability to
function effectively in a federal system.''.
(7) The Executive Departments and Agencies of the Federal
Government often promulgate regulations contrary to the spirit
and letter of the 10th Amendment.
(8) The 10th Amendment assures that the people of the
United States of America and each sovereign State in the Union
of States, now have, and have always had, rights the Federal
Government may not usurp.
(9) It is the responsibility of Congress to safeguard the
10th Amendment and to recognize that it is as vital and
valuable today as on the date of its ratification.

SEC. 3. SPECIAL STANDING FOR CERTAIN STATE OFFICIALS TO CHALLENGE
FEDERAL RULEMAKING AS A VIOLATION OF THE 10TH AMENDMENT.

(a) To Submit a Legal Brief.--During any period when a proposed
Federal rule is required under chapter 5, title 5, United States Code,
to be open for public comment, any designated State official may file
with the head of the agency proposing the rule a legal brief
challenging the constitutionality of the proposed rule under the 10th
article of amendment to the Constitution.
(b) Duty of Federal Official To Post Link to the Brief.--The head
of the Federal agency proposing the rule shall prominently post on the
agency's primary Web page, in such a manner that it is immediately
noticeable to those who visit that Web site, a link to each brief
submitted under subsection (a).
(c) Response by Federal Agency.--Unless the Federal agency
determines not to carry into effect the proposed rule, not later than
15 days after posting the link under subjection (a), the head of that
agency shall--
(1) certify in writing that, in the opinion of that head,
such rulemaking does not violate the 10th article of amendment
to the Constitution and include in that certification a full
and complete written statement of the legal reasoning
supporting that opinion; and
(2) prominently post the certification on the front page of
the agency's Web site next to the legal briefs pertaining to
that rule posted under subsection (b).
(d) Notice to Other States' Officials.--Not later than 15 days
after a designated State official submits a brief under this section,
the head of the agency proposing the rule shall give notice to each
designated State official of each State that the brief was filed.
(e) Venue and Jurisdiction of Legal Actions by State Officials.--If
a designated State official decides to commence legal action against a
proposed or final Federal rule on the grounds that the rule violates
the 10th article of amendment to the Constitution, in addition to any
other venue or jurisdiction that may be provided by law, the official
may elect to file the action in the United States district court for
the district in which the official's place of business is located,
which shall be a proper venue for the case and the court shall have
jurisdiction to hear and determine it.
(f) Expedited Appeal.--Upon the request of a designated State
official who is a party in the case, the relevant United States Court
of Appeals shall grant expedited review of a decision by a district
court in any case that could have been brought under subsection (e).
(g) Definitions.--As used in this section--
(1) the term ''designated State official'' means, with
respect to a State--
(A) the chief executive of the State;
(B) the lieutenant governor or equivalent officer
of the State;
(C) the chief legal officer of the State; or
(D) a legislative leader of the State and
(2) the term ''legislative leader'' means a speaker,
majority leader, or minority leader, of the State legislature
or any House thereof.

SOLUTION:
10th Amendment Regulatory Reform Act - Authorizes a designated state official to file with the head of a federal agency proposing a rule, during the period when the proposed rule is required to be open for public comment, a legal brief challenging the constitutionality of the rule under the Tenth Amendment.

Directs the agency head: (1) to notify the designated official of each state within 15 days after such a brief is filed; (2) to post prominently on the agency's primary Web page a link to the brief; and (3) within 15 days after posting such link, to certify in writing that such rulemaking does not violate the Tenth Amendment and post the certification prominently on the front page of the agency's website, unless the agency determines it will not put the proposed rule into effect.

Authorizes a state official who decides to challenge a federal rule on the grounds that it violates the Tenth Amendment to elect to file a legal action in U.S. district court for the district in which the official's place of business is located. Directs the relevant U.S. Court of Appeals, at the request of a designated state official, to grant expedited review of a decision by a district court in such a case.