Question: In psychology, memory is the process in which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved. Encoding allows information from the outside world to be sensed in the form of chemical and physical stimuli. In the first stage the information must be changed so that it may be put into the encoding process. Storage is the second memory stage or process. This entails that information is maintained over short periods of time. Finally the third process is the retrieval of information that has been stored. Such information must be located and returned to the consciousness. Some retrieval attempts may be effortless due to the type of information, and other attempts to remember stored information may be more demanding for various reasons.

Short-term memory is believed to rely mostly on an acoustic code for storing information, and to a lesser extent a visual code. Conrad (1964) found that test subjects had more difficulty recalling collections of letters that were acoustically similar (e.g. E, P, D). Confusion with recalling acoustically similar letters rather than visually similar letters implies that the letters were encoded acoustically. Conrad's (1964) study, however, deals with the encoding of written text; thus, while memory of written language may rely on acoustic components, generalisations to all forms of memory cannot be made. 1. How many codes does short term memory entail?
2. What are they?
3. Would the visual code be the most vital?
4. Who did a study to determine that?
5. Were people more likely to remember letters that sounded similar or different?
6. Was there as big a difference when reading letters?
7. What did his study show?
8. Can it be generalized to cover all types of memory?
9. Which kind can it be used for?
10. What year did he come to these conclusions?
11. Is encoding a part of the memory process?
12. How many other components are there?
13. What are those?
14. How many types of stimuli are involved?
15. Chemical is one, what is the other?
16. What needs to happen first to the information received?
17. What occurs next?
18. What would that be?
19. Which process would be last?
20. Where does information need to be taken back to in that step? Provide a numbered list of answers.
****
A numbered of answers: 1. Two
2. acoustic code and visual code.
3. no
4. Conrad
5. more difficulty recalling similar
6. yes
7. memory of written language may rely on acoustic components
8. no
9. Short-term memory
10. 1964
11. yes
12. Two
13. stored, and retrieved
14. Two
15. physical
16. the information must be changed
17. Storage
18. information is maintained over short periods of time
19. retrieval
20. to consciousness.

Q: Los Angeles, California (CNN) -- A Los Angeles County grand jury has indicted the former city administrator of Vernon, California, an industrial city that borders scandal-plagued Bell, on three felony counts after an investigation into questionable business practices.

Court documents show that Donal O'Callaghan has been indicted on two counts of conflict of interest and a count of public officer crime related to the misappropriation of public funds.

The Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office says the counts against O'Callaghan, 54, involve an alleged misappropriation of more than $140,000.

"The law prevents public officials from making contracts the have a personal interest in and Mr. O'Callaghan made a contract that paid his wife money," said deputy District Attorney Max Huntsman. "We're alleging he paid her more than $140,000."

The grand jury was looking into business deals between O'Callaghan and his wife, Kimberly McBride.

According to Vernon city records, the city hired McBride in 2009 as a $40-per-hour consultant and for "administrative account services."

"It's preposterous that he was indicted for the hiring of his wife, which was done with the knowledge and consent of the city attorney and the City Council of Vernon," defense lawyer Mark Werksman told CNN.

"We are seeing an overreaction and hysterical response to the scandal in neighboring Bell," he said. "They are looking for examples of municipal government corruption behind every bush. But it isn't here."

Huntsman disagreed with Werksman's contention.

'I think it's a reaction to Vernon, which has a long history of criminal behavior by public officials. We heard complaints against Mister O'Callaghan, looked into the law and found a basis for the charges," Huntsman said. "The fact that it coincides with criminal charges against officials in Bell has to do with raised public awareness about corruption in municipal governments."

1. Vernon
2. An industrial city
3. California
4. Scandal-plagued
5. The former city administrator
6. Three
7. Questionable business practices.
8. $140,000
9. Donal O'Callaghan
10. 54
11. His wife
12. Kimberly McBride
13. 2009
14. District Attorney
15. Defense lawyer
16. CNN.
17. Werksman's contention.

Numbered questions:
1. What borders Bell?
2. What is that?
3. Where?
4. How is Bell described?
5. Who was indicted?
6. On how many counts?
7. For what?
8. How much money was involved?
9. What is his name?
10. How old is he?
11. Who did he hire?
12. What is her name?
13. When did that happen?
14. Who is Max Huntsman?
15. Who is Mark Werksman?
16. Who did he talk to?
17. What does Huntsman disagree with?

input: Tommy and Suzy (brother and sister) went to the playground one afternoon with their mom and dad, Jan and Dean. They were playing a game of tag and having the best time ever running after each other and laughing. They liked to play tag instead of building sandcastles or swinging. They liked tag because they liked to run. They like to play hopscotch or jump rope but that day they wanted to play tag. Other games aren't as fun. They met Tony and Ally (who are best friends) and invited them to play tag too. Tony and Ally like to play other games like hopscotch or jump rope but that day they joined the game of tag. Making new friends is important. Tony and Ally would rather make friends than play their favorite games. 1. Who went to the playground?
2. What did they do?
3. Did they have fun?
4. Why?
5. Who else was there?
6. Were they related?
7. How?
8. Did they meet anyone there?
9. Who?
10. What did they do?
11. Did they?
12. Why?
13. Were they rel;ated?
14. Did the kids like other things?
15. Like what?
16. How about Tony and Ally?
17. like what?
18. What would they rather do than play them?
19. What time of day was it?
20. What were their parents names? Return numbered answers in your output.

output:
1. Tommy and Suzy
2. playing tag
3. yes!
4. they liked to run
5. Their mom and dad
6. yes
7. brother and sister
8. Yes
9. Tony and Ally
10. invited them to play tag
11. Yes
12. Making new friends is important
13. no
14. yes
15. hopscotch or jump rope
16. They liked other games too
17. hopscotch or jump rope
18. Make friends
19. afternoon
20. Jan and Dean.