Logic of a solution: *Viruses contain DNA but not much else. DNA is an abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid. Viruses contain deoxyribonucleic acid but not much else.*
*(E)*
The original question: *What contains deoxyribonucleic acid but not much else.
Options:
- (A) minerals
- (B) bacteria
- (C) loose soil
- (D) pollen
- (E) viruses
- (F) anemia
- (G) PDAs
- (H) vertebrates*

Line 1: *Macroevolution is evolution over geologic time above the level of the species. Besides the above-named species, various other species of the genus have been used medicinally. Macroevolution is evolution over geologic time at the genus level and above.*
*(D)*
Line 2: *Evolution over geologic time at the genus level and above is:
Options:
- (A) microcosm
- (B) genetic
- (C) Plants growth
- (D) macroevolution
- (E) natural selection
- (F) gastropod shells
- (G) peachleaf willow
- (H) Plant reproduction*

Logic of a solution: *Many corals secrete an exoskeleton that builds up to become a coral reef. An insect has a hard outer covering called an exoskeleton. Many corals secrete a hard outer covering that builds up to become a coral reef.*
*(H)*
The original question: *Many corals secrete what to form a coral reef?
Options:
- (A) Chlorophyll
- (B) salt and water.
- (C) The area was once underwater
- (D) Chemical energy
- (E) aqueous solution
- (F) Organic compounds
- (G) gastropod shells
- (H) hard outer covering*

Line 1: *Mating is generally preceded by courtship. Copulation starts early in the mating season and usually stops when nesting begins. Copulation is generally preceded by courtship.*
*(G)*
Line 2: *Copulation is generally preceded by what?
Options:
- (A) pollination
- (B) sound
- (C) Vibrates
- (D) impregnation
- (E) Decibels
- (F) fertilization
- (G) courtship
- (H) pollen*

Logic of a solution: *Mammals have a layer of fat under the skin to help insulate the body. All humans are mammals. Humans have a layer of fat under the skin to help insulate the body.*
*(E)*
The original question: *What has a layer of fat under the skin to help insulate the body?
Options:
- (A) goats
- (B) snakes
- (C) hamburgers
- (D) animals
- (E) humans
- (F) rabbit
- (G) bears
- (H) fur*

Logic of a solution: *Viruses are usually considered to be nonliving. Influenza Virus Inluenza virus are negative-strand RNA viruses with a segmented genome. Influenza is considered to be nonliving.*
*(D)*
The original question:
*What is considered to be nonliving?
Options:
- (A) illness
- (B) Staphylococcus
- (C) cigarettes
- (D) Influenza
- (E) Leptospirosis
- (F) bacteria
- (G) E. coli
- (H) Streptococcus*