Problem: Given the question: I have a new situation: Mike and John are brothers. Their dad sent them to the doctor's office to get tested for hepatitis because Mike was feeling sick all the time. It turned out Mike has hepatitis B, while John doesn't. But I can use this background: Hepatitis B is a disease of the liver. It is caused by a virus called hepatitis B, which can be passed through sexual activity. Hepatitis B causes vomiting. It also causes yellowing of the skin and eyes. The disease goes away on its own in some people. Other people are sick for the rest of their lives. In these people, the virus usually damages the liver. It may also lead to liver cancer. Medicines can help prevent liver damage in these people. There is also a vaccine to protect against hepatitis B. What is an answer for this question: Which brother has a greater chance of getting liver cancer?
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
The answer is:
Mike

Problem: Given the question: I have a new situation: Ben and Mike both studied earthquakes, while Mike was more interested specifically in mantle melting and related phenomena. But I can use this background: Mantle melting can come about three ways: (1) when the temperature rises, (2) if the pressure lowers (which lowers the melting point), and (3) if water is added, which lowers the melting point. Two of these (1 and 3) might explain why there are volcanoes at convergent plate boundaries: the temperature of the subducting plate increases as it sinks into the hot mantle (1). Sediments lying on top of the subducting plate contain water. As the sediments subduct, the water rises into the overlying mantle material. This lowers the melting temperature of the mantle (3). When the mantle above the subducting plate melts, volcanoes form above it. This leads to volcanoes in an island arc or continental arc. What is an answer for this question: Which person studied less about the three ways of mantle melting?
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
The answer is:
Ben

Problem: Given the question: I have a new situation: Tom and Andy are two old friends. Tom was infected with HIV 20 years ago, and Andy has been helping him ever since. Andy is as healthy as an ox. But I can use this background: HIV , or human immunodeficiency virus, causes AIDS. AIDS stands for "acquired immune deficiency syndrome." It is a condition that causes death and does not have a known cure. AIDS usually develops 10 to 15 years after a person is first infected with HIV. The development of AIDS can be delayed with proper medicines. The delay can be well over 20 years with the right medicines. Today, individuals who acquire HIV after 50 years of age can expect to reach an average human life span. What is an answer for this question: Which friend has a stronger immune system?
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
The answer is:
Andy