Q: Sikhism (), or Sikhi ( "", , from "Sikh", meaning a "disciple", or a "learner"), is a monotheistic Indian religion that originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent about the end of the 15th century. It is one of the youngest of the major world religions. The fundamental beliefs of Sikhism, articulated in the sacred scripture Guru Granth Sahib, include faith and meditation on the name of the one creator, unity of all humankind, engaging in selfless service, striving for social justice for the benefit and prosperity of all, and honest conduct and livelihood while living a householder's life. In the early 21st century there were nearly 25 million Sikhs worldwide, the great majority of them living in the Indian state of Punjab.

Sikhism is based on the spiritual teachings of Guru Nanak, the first Guru, and the nine Sikh gurus that succeeded him. The Tenth Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, named the Sikh scripture Guru Granth Sahib as his successor, terminating the line of human Gurus and making the scripture the eternal, impersonal spiritual guide for Sikhs. Sikhism rejects claims that any particular religious tradition has a monopoly on Absolute Truth.

Sikhism emphasises simran (meditation on the words of the Guru Granth Sahib), that can be expressed musically through kirtan or internally through Nam Japo (repeat God's name) as a means to feel God's presence. It teaches followers to avoid the "Five Thieves" (lust, rage, greed, attachment and conceit). Hand in hand, secular life is considered to be intertwined with the spiritual life. Guru Nanak taught that living an "active, creative, and practical life" of "truthfulness, fidelity, self-control and purity" is above the metaphysical truth, and that the ideal man is one who "establishes union with God, knows His Will, and carries out that Will". Guru Hargobind, the sixth Sikh Guru, established the political/temporal (Miri) and spiritual (Piri) realms to be mutually coexistent.

1. 10
2. Guru Nanak
3. Guru Gobind Singh
4. Yes
5. Sikhism
6. Sikh
7. disciple
8. one
9. unknown
10. 25 million Sikhs

Numbered questions:
1. How many Gurus were there?
2. Who was the first?
3. Who was tenth?
4. Were there any after him?
5. What is the religion called?
6. What is that from?
7. What does that mean?
8. How many gods does it have?
9. What is their main book called?
10. About how many Sikhs are there?

Q: Legends about the development of coffee are varied and interesting, involving chance occurrences, political tricks, and the pursuit of wealth and power.

According to one story, a sheepherder named Kaldi, as he tended his sheep, noticed the effect of coffee beans. He noticed that the sheep became excited after eating the red "cherries" from a certain plant when they changed pastures . He tried it himself, and was soon as overactive as his sheep. Another story relates that a monk happened to discover that this fruit from the shiny green plant could help him stay awake.

Another legend gives us the name for coffee, "mocha". Omar, an Arabian was thrown to the desert with his followers to die of starvation. In desperation, Omar had his friends boil and eat the fruit from an unknown plant. Not only did the soup save the group, but the residents of the nearest town, Mocha, took their survival as a religious sign. The plant and its beverage were named Mocha to honor this event.

Coffee was introduced much later to countries beyond Arabia, whose inhabitants believed it to be a tasty thing and guarded its secret as if they were top secret military plans. The government forbade transportation of the plant out of the Moslem nations. The actual spread of coffee was started illegally. One Arab named Baba Budan smuggled beans to some mountains near Mysore, India, and started a farm there. Early in this century, some of those original plants were found still growing fruitfully in the region.

Coffee today is grown and enjoyed worldwide, and is one of the few crops that small farmers in third-world countries can profitably export.

1. Coffee
2. yes
3. much later
4. coffee
5. transporting it out of Moslem nations.
6. in the beginning
7. An Arab
8. smuggled beans
9. near Mysore, India
10. started a farm
11. some of those plants
12. mocha
13. unknown
14. Omar and his followers
15. eating an unknown plant
16. Mocha
17. to honor the event
18. a sheepherder n
19. they became excited
20. eating the "cherries"

Numbered questions:
1. What crop can small farmers profit from on export?
2. Is it grown and enjoyed worldwide today?
3. When was it introduced to countries beyond Arabia?
4. What secret did they guard like top secret military plans?
5. What did the Arabian goverment forbade?
6. Was the actual spread of coffee legal?
7. Who is Baba Budan?
8. What did he do?
9. Where to?
10. What did he do with them there?
11. What was found early in this century?
12. What is another name for coffee?
13. Who named it that?
14. Who was thrown in the desert to die of starvation?
15. How did they survive?
16. What was the name of the nearest town?
17. Why was the plant and its beverage named Mocha?
18. Who was Kaldi?
19. What did he notice about his sheep?
20. When they did what?

Q: CHAPTER IX.

Without disclosing the full extent of Jim's defection and desertion, Clarence was able to truthfully assure the Hopkins family of his personal safety, and to promise that he would continue his quest, and send them further news of the absentee. He believed it would be found that Jim had been called away on some important business, but that not daring to leave his new shanty exposed and temptingly unprotected, he had made a virtue of necessity by selling it to his neighbors, intending to build a better house on its site after his return. Having comforted Phoebe, and impulsively conceived further plans for restoring Jim to her,--happily without any recurrence of his previous doubts as to his own efficacy as a special Providence,--he returned to the rancho. If he thought again of Jim's defection and Gilroy's warning, it was only to strengthen himself to a clearer perception of his unselfish duty and singleness of purpose. He would give up brooding, apply himself more practically to the management of the property, carry out his plans for the foundation of a Landlords' Protective League for the southern counties, become a candidate for the Legislature, and, in brief, try to fill Peyton's place in the county as he had at the rancho. He would endeavor to become better acquainted with the half-breed laborers on the estate and avoid the friction between them and the Americans; he was conscious that he had not made that use of his early familiarity with their ways and language which he might have done. If, occasionally, the figure of the young Spaniard whom he had met on the lonely road obtruded itself on him, it was always with the instinctive premonition that he would meet him again, and the mystery of the sudden repulsion be in some way explained. Thus Clarence! But the momentary impulse that had driven him to Fair Plains, the eagerness to set his mind at rest regarding Susy and her relatives, he had utterly forgotten.

1. Clarence
2. no
3. that Jim had been called away on some important business
4. his new shanty
5. the Hopkins family
6. Phoebe
7. to the management of the property
8. the foundation of a Landlords' Protective League for the southern counties
9. Peyton's place
10. with the half-breed laborers on the estate
11. the Americans

Numbered questions:
1. Who promised to return Jim?
2. Did he know why Jim left?
3. What was his guess as to why he left?
4. What did he believe Jim had sold?
5. Who was he trying to return Jim to?
6. Which lady in particular?
7. What was he going to apply himself more practically to?
8. And the foundation of what?
9. Who's place was he trying to fill?
10. Who did he want to get to know better?
11. Who did the half breed laborers have problems with?