Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The Mucosal Immune Response Mucosal tissues are major barriers to the entry of pathogens into the body. The IgA (and sometimes IgM) antibodies in mucus and other secretions can bind to the pathogen, and in the cases of many viruses and bacteria, neutralize them. Neutralization is the process of coating a pathogen with antibodies, making it physically impossible for the pathogen to bind to receptors. Neutralization, which occurs in the blood, lymph, and other body fluids and secretions, protects the body constantly. Neutralizing antibodies are the basis for the disease protection offered by vaccines. Vaccinations for diseases that commonly enter the body via mucous membranes, such as influenza, are usually formulated to enhance IgA production. Immune responses in some mucosal tissues such as the Peyer's patches (see Figure 21.11) in the small intestine take up particulate antigens by specialized cells known as microfold or M cells (Figure 21.27). These cells allow the body to sample potential pathogens from the intestinal lumen. Dendritic cells then take the antigen to the regional lymph nodes, where an immune response is mounted. Q: What type of tissues are major barriers to the entry of pathogens into the body? A:
OPTIONS:
- skin
- vascular
- nasal
- mucosal
Answer: mucosal

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The majority of human genes have two or more possible alleles , which are alternative forms of a gene. Differences in alleles account for the considerable genetic variation among people. In fact, most human genetic variation is the result of differences in individual DNA bases within alleles. Q: The structure of the human tail bone is called what? A:
OPTIONS:
- a abnormal structure
- a vital structure
- an artifact
- a vestigial structure
Answer: a vestigial structure

Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The most noticeable magnetic activity of the Sun is the appearance of sunspots. Sunspots are cooler, darker areas on the Sun's surface ( Figure below ). Sunspots occur in an 11 year cycle. The number of sunspots begins at a minimum. The number gradually increases to the maximum. Then the number returns to a minimum again. Q: What is the name for the cooler, darker areas on the sun's surface? A:
OPTIONS:
- corona
- aurora borealis
- anomalies
- sunspots
Answer:
sunspots