In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.

Ex Input:
in their Constitution, or from the Congress that the Constitution had empowered. We made a similar point in Nevada v. Hall, 440 U. S., at 416, where we considered a suit against a State in another State's courts: "This [traditional] explanation [of sovereign immunity] adequately supports the conclusion that no sovereign may be sued in its own courts without its consent, but it affords no support for a claim of immunity in another sovereign's courts. Such a claim necessarily implicates the power and authority of a second sovereign; its source must be found either in an agreement, express or implied, between the two sovereigns, or in the voluntary decision of the second to respect the dignity of the first as a matter of comity." Cf. United States v. Texas, 143 U. S. 621, 646 (1892) (<HOLDING>). Subjecting States to federal jurisdiction in
Holding statements: (A) holding that an action cannot be maintained under young in unique circumstances where the suit against the state officer affects an essential attribute of state sovereignty in a manner that the action must be understood as one against the state (B) holding a states regulation of wyoming national guard was insufficient to implicate a special sovereignty interest because of the dual federal and state nature of national guard service (C) recognizing that a suit by the national government against a state does no violence to the inherent nature of sovereignty (D) holding the governors emergency powers to take private property for the public benefit was a special sovereignty interest but the relief requested was not so much of a divestiture of the states sovereignty to render the suit as one against the state itself (E) holding a suit against an agency of the state is a suit against the state

Ex Output:
(C)

Ex Input:
exception, which provides that "[t]here is no time limit on the filing of a motion to reopen" if the motion "is based on changed country conditions arising in the country of nationality or the country to which removal has been ordered, if such evidence is material and was not available and would not have been discovered or presented at the previous proceeding." 8 U.S.C. 1229a(c)(7)(C)(ii). After review of the administrative record and consideration of the parties' briefs, we dismiss the petition in part and deny the petition in part. I Ms. Lian acknowledges that binding circuit precedent prohibits us from reaching her challenge to the BIA's refusal to reopen her proceedings sua sponte under 8 C.F.R. 1003.2(a). See Lenis v. U.S. Att'y Gen., 525 F.3d 1291, 1293 (11th Cir.2008) (<HOLDING>). Nonetheless, Ms. Lian urges us to overrule
Holding statements: (A) holding that we lack jurisdiction to review a claim not brought before the bia even when the bia addresses it sua sponte (B) holding that this court lacks jurisdiction to review claims that have not been raised before the bia (C) holding that this court lacks jurisdiction to review decisions of the bia refusing to reopen immigration proceedings sua sponte (D) holding that a decision of the bia whether to reopen a case sua sponte under 8 cfr 10032a is entirely discretionary and therefore beyond the courts review ie the court lacks jurisdiction to review the bias decision not to reopen (E) holding that the court lacks jurisdiction to review legal arguments not raised before the bia

Ex Output:
(C)

Ex Input:
was simply unable "to imagine a more direct and palpable case of cruelty to a wife by a husband." McMahen v. McMahen, 186 Pa. 485, 40 A. 795, 797 (1898). There are many similar decisions from other states. See, e.g., Holden v, Holden, 63 Idaho 70, 116 P.2d 1003, 1005 (1941) ("If [the husband) knowingly communicated [gonorrhea] to [his wife], that would constitute cruelty."); Carbajal v. Fernandez, 130 La. 812, 58 So. 581, 581 (1912) (stating that "all the courts agree" that knowing transmission of an STD to a spouse "constitutes cruel treatment"); Holthoefer v. Holthoefer, 11 N.W. 150, 150 (Mich.1882) (stating that knowing transmission of an STD by a spouse constitutes "extreme cruelty" and grounds for divorce); Darling v. Darling, 181 Mo.App. 211, 167 S.W. 1166, 1166 (1914) (<HOLDING>); Cook v. Cook, 32 N.J. Eq. 475 (NJ.Ct.Ch.1880)
Holding statements: (A) holding that wife had standing to seek disinterment where death of husband occurred prior to entry of decree of divorce (B) holding that counsel fees awarded to debtors wife in a divorce action were nondisehargeable under 523a5 (C) holding that knowing communication of gonorrhea to a wife was grounds for divorce (D) holding that the apparent denial of the husbands request for an order compelling the wife to deliver to him the personal property he had been awarded in their divorce judgment did not constitute a modification of the original divorce judgment (E) holding that a defendant must demonstrate a knowing waiver

Ex Output:
(C)