Sentence 1: Since the rich are a tiny proportion of taxpayers, the only thing this could mean in practice would be an improvement relative to the position of the poor--an extraordinary idea for supposedly left-of-center leaders, however modern or forward-looking, to adopt.

Sentence 2: This idea would lead to higher taxes for the poor.
Is this second sentence entailed by the first?

Answer: it is not possible to tell

Sentence 1: He pulled it free and tossed it to the sand.

Sentence 2: He was bored after getting it out.
Is this second sentence entailed by the first?

Answer: it is not possible to tell

Sentence 1: What is surprising, however, is that a man who proposes to replace what he imagines to be the mechanistic worldview of conventional economics with a new view based on evolutionary biology should know so little about the discipline that supposedly inspires him.

Sentence 2: People never change their views on scientific topics.
Is this second sentence entailed by the first?

Answer:
no