instruction:
Given an abstract of a paper, generate a title for this paper such that conveys the key focus of the paper.
question:
Abstract: Brain death is a condition widely recognized by philosophers, theologians, the public, and the law. Criteria for the determination of brain death have been progressively refined for almost 30 years. They involve clinical evidence of the loss of brain function and various periods of observation, which can often be shortened by confirmatory tests, particularly cerebral blood flow studies or electroencephalography. Prompt declaration of brain death is therefore possible. In addition, it is important for physicians to offer the possibility of organ donation to the patient's family both because organs are desperately needed and because many families desire this. A model algorithm for the determination of brain death, explanatory text, and appropriate references are presented to aid the development of protocols for individual and hospital use.
answer:
Brain death.

question:
Abstract: Oxygen consumption (VO2), CO2 production, respiratory quotient, resting metabolic expenditure (RME), and urine catecholamine levels were measured in 52 patients with acute cerebrovascular disease. RME correlated positively with urinary norepinephrine and epinephrine excretion; its maximum value was 187% higher than expected for an uninjured resting person of equivalent age, sex, and size. VO2 correlated positively with the urinary catecholamine excretion. These facts imply that the sympathetic nervous system might directly influence VO2 and RME. Moreover, the hypermetabolic state should be taken into consideration when caring for patients with cerebrovascular disease, as malnutrition might cause weight loss and a decrease in immunity.
answer:
Metabolism in acute cerebrovascular disease.

question:
Abstract: Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) was used to investigate trace element patterns in serum, packed cells, and dialysate of CAPD patients. The concentrations of the elements Cs, Cu, Fe, and Mn in serum and packed cells appeared to be maintained within the normal range, while the levels of the non-essential element Br in both serum and packed cells were subnormal. The serum Cr values were extremely high (20 to 50 times higher than the normal serum level). The amount of Cr absorbed from the dialysate was calculated to be ten times higher than the daily dietary uptake. The Co concentrations were normal in packed cells but were significantly increased in serum. The Rb content in packed cells was slightly lower than normal, while the serum value was normal. Se was maintained within the normal range in packed cells, but the serum concentration was slightly lower than normal. The concentrations of Zn were low in serum and appeared to be higher than normal in packed cells. In conclusion, this analysis of the trace element status of CAPD patients reveals two major abnormalities. There is an apparent loss of Br from the blood towards the dialysate and on the other hand, a dramatic accumulation of Cr into the blood as a result of the very high Cr content in the dialysate.
answer:
Trace elements in serum, packed cells, and dialysate of CAPD patients.