input: Please answer the following: Given the background: Lactose intolerance is due to the lack of enzyme lactase in the small intestines to break lactose down into glucose and galactose.[3] There are four types: primary, secondary, developmental, and congenital.[1] Primary lactose intolerance occurs as the amount of lactase declines as people age.[1] Secondary lactose intolerance is due to injury to the small intestine such as from infection, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, or other diseases.[1][4] Developmental lactose intolerance may occur in premature babies and usually improves over a short period of time.[1] Congenital lactose intolerance is an extremely rare genetic disorder in which little or no lactase is made from birth.[1] and the situation: David works for a large pharmaceutical company as a research scientist. He has devised a procedure which can detect lactose intolerance in patients easily. To test his procedure he picked up four subjects form a large pool of sample. The four subjects are subject A, subject B, subject C, and subject D. Subject A has primary lactose intolerance; subject B has secondary lactose intolerance; subject C has developmental lactose intolerance; and subject D has congenital lactose intolerance. Answer the following question: Which subject has lactose intolerance due to an injury, subject B or subject D?
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output: subject B

Please answer this: Given the background: Scientists think that the earliest flowers attracted insects and other animals, which spread pollen from flower to flower. This greatly increased the efficiency of fertilization over wind-spread pollen, which might or might not actually land on another flower. To take better advantage of this "animal labor," plants evolved traits such as brightly colored petals to attract pollinators. In exchange for pollination, flowers gave the pollinators nectar. and the situation: Joy had a field full of flowering plants , that he used for medicinal and honey making purposes. Her friend Jill also had a piece of land where she cultivated plants that fertilize over wind spread pollen. Answer the following question: Which friend had a field with nectar producing flowers?
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Answer: Joy

Problem: Given the background: Cholesterol can't dissolve in the blood. It has to be transported to and from the cells by carriers called lipoproteins. Low-density lipoprotein, or LDL, is known as "bad" cholesterol. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is known as good cholesterol. When too much LDL cholesterol circulates in the blood, it can slowly build up in the inner walls of the arteries that feed the heart and brain. Together with other substances, it can form plaque, and lead to atherosclerosis. If a clot forms and blocks a narrowed artery, a heart attack or stroke can result. Cholesterol comes from the food you eat as well as being made by the body. To lower bad cholesterol, a diet low in saturated fat and dietary cholesterol should be followed. Regular aerobic exercise also lowers LDL cholesterol and increases HDL cholesterol. and the situation: Mary and Ben went in for a blood test. Ben had high cholesterol, so the Doctor recommended him to lower it. Mary had normal cholesterol levels. Answer the following question: Which person had less plaque in their arteries?

A: Mary

Problem: Given the question: Given the background: Geologists study earthquake waves to "see" Earth's interior. Waves of energy radiate out from an earthquake's focus. These waves are called seismic waves ( Figure below ). Seismic waves go different speeds through different materials. They change speed when they go from one type of material to another. This causes them to bend. Some seismic waves do not travel through liquids or gases. They just stop. Scientists use information from seismic waves to understand what makes up the Earth's interior. and the situation: Two friends met after 20 years and had a beer together. Vlad was a geologist and studied earthquakes. Mort was a pedologist and studied soils. They had some interesting conversations that night. Answer the following question: Which friend studied more about earthquake waves?
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The answer is:
Vlad

input question: Given the background: A vapor light also produces visible light by electroluminescence The bulb contains a small amount of solid sodium or mercury as well as a mixture of neon and argon gases. When an electric current passes through the gases, it causes the solid sodium or mercury to change to a gas and emit visible light. Sodium vapor lights, like the streetlight pictured in the Figure below , produce yellowish light. Mercury vapor lights produce bluish light. In addition to lighting city streets, vapor lights are used to light highways and stadiums. The bulbs are very bright and long lasting so they are a good choice for these places. and the situation: Joe walks into his house to see that his son has replaced the light bulbs in both the kitchen and the bathroom. The kitchen is now glowing blue because of the light bulb, and the bathroom has a yellow tint to it. Joe decides he needs to find his son to figure out what type of light bulbs these are and why he chose them. Answer the following question: Which room has a light bulb filled with mercury vapor????
output answer: kitchen

input question: Given the background: One of the most adverse impacts of poor waste management, especially municipal waste, is the incidence and prevalence of diseases such as malaria and respiratory problems, as well as other illnesses through the contamination of ground water. Biomedical wastes pose great danger in Bangladesh too as a report estimated that 20% of the biomedical waste is "highly infectious" and is a hazard since it is often disposed of into the sewage system or drains.[6] Such poor sanitation has serious consequences for the health of the residents and a report suggests that "most of the child mortality could be related with this problem".[7] With regards to the living standards, solid waste leads to blockage in the drainage system which leads to flooding in the streets. Consequently, mosquitoes and bad odour are among the negative impacts resulted.[7] and the situation: The hospital in Y city had a good disposal site in which they disposed of Biomedical wastes, but the hospital in the neighboring city X had big problems, because the biomedical waste contaminated the ground water and affected the population. Answer the following question: Which city had a lower incidence of malaria????
output answer:
Y city