Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Get a number of sheets of paper you can flip through. Create the individual images. Assemble the images together. Flip through the pages.

Answer: A flipbook consists of a number of sheets of paper, usually bound at one edge, that creates the illusion of motion when you grasp the opposite edge with your thumb and flip through the pages. The more sheets of paper in the flipbook, the more realistic the motion appears to be. (A live-action motion picture uses 24 frames/images for each second, while most animated cartoons use 12.) You can make the actual book one of several ways: Staple or bind sheets of typing or construction paper together. Use a notepad. Use a pad of sticky notes. You can make the images in your flipbook animation one of several ways: Draw them by hand. If you do this, start with simple images (stick figures) and backgrounds and gradually tackle more complex drawings. You'll need to take care that the backgrounds are consistent from page to page to avoid a jittery appearance when you flip the pages. Photographs. You can take a number of digital photos, then print them out on sheets of paper and bind them together, or use a software application to create a digital flipbook. It's easiest to do this if your camera has a burst picture mode that lets you take a number of pictures as you hold down the button. Digital video. Some newlywed couples choose to create coffee-table flipbooks of their wedding, using a portion of the video shot during their wedding. Extracting individual video frames requires using a computer and video editing software, and many couples choose to upload their videos to online companies such as FlipClips.com. If you've been hand-drawing the images in an already-bound notepad, the assembly is done for you. Otherwise, arrange the images with the first image at the bottom of the stack and the last image at the top and bind the sheets together. You may want to experiment with leaving out or rearranging a few of the images to make the animation appear jerkier or change the animation pattern before you bind the book together. Bend the pages upward with your thumb and release them at an even speed. You should see a moving image. Pen-and-ink animators use a similar technique with preliminary drawings before coloring and inking them. They lay them one on top of each other, first to last, then hold down one of the edges as they flip through the drawings.

Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Take advantage of your school's resources to build your bibliography. Choose appropriate sources. Read your sources critically Incorporate primary sources, if applicable. Evaluate online sources carefully.

Answer: The first step in writing an academic paper is finding good sources. Start by going to your library's website and searching for keywords related to your topic. You can also use digital scholarly resources like WorldCat, JSTOR, Google Scholar, or ResearchGate. You may need to log in with your student ID or institutional ID to get access to many online scholarly databases, or access them through a school or library computer. Another good way to start building your bibliography is to look at the reference list on an introductory overview of your subject, such as an encyclopedia entry. Your instructor, or your school's reference librarian, may also be able to recommend some good sources on your topic. Look for sources that are reputable, well-sourced, and up-to-date. Ideally, most of your sources should have been published within the last 5-10 years. Scholarly books and peer-reviewed articles from academic journals are usually acceptable sources, as well as articles from reputable news organizations. Avoid popular publications and user-edited websites, such as Wikipedia. While Wikipedia is often unreliable and is not considered an appropriate source for most academic writing, it can be a good starting point for research. Check the "References" section of the Wikipedia article on your topic for useful sources. . Just because information comes from an apparently reputable source (such as a peer-reviewed journal, a scholarly book, or a news article), don't assume that it is correct. Consider some of the following as you are doing your research: Where is the author getting their information? Do they provide credible sources? Does the author provide convincing evidence to back up their arguments? Does the author have any obvious biases or agendas that affect the way they present or interpret their information? A primary source is any type of first-hand or direct evidence about your topic. Depending on the subject matter, a primary source might be something like a video recording of an event, data from a laboratory experiment, an interview with an eyewitness, or a historical document, such as a monument, work of art, or memoir. When you look at secondary sources, such as scholarly papers or news articles, you are seeing the data filtered through someone else's perspective. Looking at primary data allows you to interpret the evidence for yourself. Your instructor should specify whether you need to incorporate primary sources into your research, and if so, how to find and utilize them. If you're not sure, ask. While the internet offers a vast quantity of useful information for researchers, it can be hard to separate good-quality resources from bad ones. In general, look for sources that are published on scholarly websites (such as university, library, or museum websites), by reputable news organizations (such as the BBC, NPR, or the Associated Press), or by government organizations (like the EPA or FDA). When using online articles or other online sources, also consider these questions: Are the author's credentials given? Is the author qualified to write on the subject? Does the author state where they got their information? Are you able to verify the sources? Is the article written in an objective, unbiased manner? Is the article written for an academic audience? Is the content intended to be educational? How does the URL end? Generally, sites that end in .edu, .org, or .gov are more reputable than sites that end in .com.

Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Treat soiled areas. Sprinkle baking soda onto the carpet. Let the baking soda sit. Vacuum up the baking soda. Apply a deep treatment. Pour or spray it on the carpet. Allow it to sit for 24 hours. Use a towel to soak up excess liquid.

Answer:
Before treating your carpet, remove any dried on spills, blot away wetness, and dab soap on noticeable stains. You want your carpet to be in its best state before treating the smell. The baking soda will work to neutralize the odors that are trapped in the carpet. You should create a thin coat of baking soda, so get a large box of baking soda for each room that you plan to treat. If it clumps in spots, use your hand to spread it out. You can also add Borax to baking soda for better results. Simply measure one part baking soda with one part Borax and mix well. Add a few drops of an essential oil if you'd like it to be scented. Then use as you would baking soda. The recommended wait time is several hours, but if you have really bad carpet odors, then you may want to let it sit overnight. Keep pets and children away from the area. Monitor your vacuum cleaner bag or canister because baking soda can quickly fill it. Empty it out as necessary. If baking soda alone doesn't work, you can make your own deep cleaning treatment with 2 tablespoons (30 milliliters) of hydrogen peroxide, cup (59 milliliters) of baking soda, 1 teaspoon (5 milliliters) of liquid soap, and 1 quart (1 liter) of water. Mix the ingredients together in an open container. Test it on a hidden area of your carpet before using it on the whole carpet. Use gloves when handling this treatment. DO NOT put a lid on the treatment once it's mixed. Spraying is better because it provides an even coat, but remember to leave the nozzle open and avoid leaving unused treatment in a closed spray bottle. When pouring be careful not to saturate the carpet. Remember to wear your gloves, especially if you pour the treatment. The treatment needs time to work, so leave it untouched. While you want to ventilate the room, keep it secure from pets and children. If any wet areas remain, use an old or white towel to remove it. Let the remaining wetness air dry.