question: Humanism is a philosophical and ethical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, individually and collectively, and generally prefers critical thinking and evidence (rationalism, empiricism) over acceptance of dogma or superstition. The meaning of the term humanism has fluctuated according to the successive intellectual movements which have identified with it. Generally, however, humanism refers to a perspective that affirms some notion of human freedom and progress. In modern times, humanist movements are typically aligned with secularism, and today humanism typically refers to a non-theistic life stance centred on human agency and looking to science rather than revelation from a supernatural source to understand the world.

Gellius says that in his day humanitas is commonly used as a synonym for philanthropy or kindness and benevolence toward one's fellow human being. Gellius maintains that this common usage is wrong, and that model writers of Latin, such as Cicero and others, used the word only to mean what we might call "humane" or "polite" learning, or the Greek equivalent Paideia. Gellius became a favorite author in the Italian Renaissance, and, in fifteenth-century Italy, teachers and scholars of philosophy, poetry, and rhetoric were called and called themselves "humanists". Modern scholars, however, point out that Cicero (106 43 BCE), who was most responsible for defining and popularizing the term humanitas, in fact frequently used the word in both senses, as did his near contemporaries. For Cicero, a lawyer, what most distinguished humans from brutes was speech, which, allied to reason, could (and should) enable them to settle disputes and live together in concord and harmony under the rule of law. Thus humanitas included two meanings from the outset and these continue in the modern derivative, humanism, which even today can refer to both humanitarian benevolence and to scholarship.
1. In Italy, who called themselves humanists?
2. What years was Cicero alive?
3. What was his occupation?
4. What did he say was the difference between man and beasts?
5. What did he say the benefit of that was?
6. What was Gellius attitude?
7. What did he term as being nice to people?
8. What did Gellius become?
9. When?
10. How many different definitions did we end up with on the topic of discussion?
11. Does the topic include God or not?
12. Was what uneducated people's opinions included?
****
answer: 1. teachers and scholars of philosophy, poetry, and rhetoric
2. (106 43 BCE)
3. a lawyer
4. speech
5. it enabled them to settle disputes and live together
6. unknown
7. humanitas
8. a favorite author in the Italian Renaissance
9. The fifteenth century
10. Two
11. no
12. unknown

New York (CNN) -- Two New York men accused of brutally beating an openly gay man have been indicted on hate crime charges, authorities said.

The indictment filed Thursday morning charges defendants Daniel Aleman, 26, and Daniel Rodriguez, 21, both of College Point in Queens, New York, of 14-counts of assault and robbery as a hate crime, according to Queens District Attorney Richard A. Brown. If convicted, both men face up to 25 years in prison.

Police say the two men shouted "anti-gay remarks" while viciously beating victim Jack Price, 49, as he left a 24-hour deli on College Point Boulevard in Queens in October 2009. After the assault, the two men stole Price's wallet and other personal property from his pockets.

Price was treated at New York Hospital Medical Center of Queens for a broken jaw, several broken ribs, two collapsed lungs and a lacerated spleen.

Aleman and Rodriguez are being held without bail. Their arraignment is scheduled for January 25.

Ted Kasapis, attorney for Rodriguez, said he doesn't believe prosecutors will be able to prove "any hate crimes here."

An attorney for Aleman could not be reached for comment.

What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. How old was Jack Price?
2. Who is accused of beating him?
3. And who else?
4. Have they been indicted?
5. On what charges?
6. Where are the men from?
7. What did they shout at Price while assaulting him?
8. What did they do after beating him up?
9. What hospital was Price taken to?
10. What was he treated for?
11. And what else?
12. Anything else?
13. Is there any bail set for Aleman and Rodriquez?
14. How many counts of assault and robbery do the two men face?
15. How long might they serve in prison?
16. Where was Price coming from when he was assaulted?
17. When is the arraignment scheduled for?
18. Who is Ted Kasapis?
19. For who?
20. What does he think can't be proved?
Answer: 1. 49
2. Daniel Aleman
3. Daniel Rodriguez
4. Yes
5. assault and robbery as a hate crime
6. College Point
7. anti-gay remarks
8. stole Price's wallet and other personal property from his pockets.
9. New York Hospital Medical Center of Queens
10. broken jaw
11. several broken ribs
12. wo collapsed lungs and a lacerated spleen
13. No
14. 14
15. 25 years
16. a 24-hour deli
17. January 25
18. attorney
19. Daniel Rodriguez
20. hate crimes

input: Make use of the article to answer the questions. Tripoli, Libya (CNN) -- Libya's transitional government picked an engineering professor and longtime exile as its acting prime minister Monday, with the new leader pledging to respect human rights and international law.

The National Transitional Council elected Abdurrahim El-Keib, an electrical engineer who has held teaching posts at the University of Alabama and Abu Dhabi's Petroleum Institute, to the post with the support of 26 of the 51 members who voted. El-Keib emerged victorious from a field that initially included 10 candidates.

"This is a new Libya," El-Keib told reporters. "It's been 42 years with our friends and people all around the world dealing with a brutal dictator, so concerns are in order, but I want to tell you there should be none of those.

"We expect the world to understand that we have national interests as well, and we expect them to respect this," he said. "In fact, we demand respect of our national rights and national interests. In return, we promise respect and dealing according to international law."

But in response to questions about allegations of human rights abuses by the revolutionary forces that toppled longtime strongman Moammar GGadhafi, El-Keib said Libyans needed time to sort things out.

"I also need to remind myself that the Libyan revolution ended just recently in Bani Walid, Sirte, and in Tripoli only about two months ago," he said. "We beg you , the media, to give us the opportunity and the time to think through all the issues that have been raised by yourself as well as other Arab media. But we guarantee you that we are after building a nation that respects human rights and that does not permit abuse of human rights, but we need time." 1. What news media made this article?
2. What country is this about?
3. In what town?
4. Who chose the new head?
5. Who was chosen?
6. Where did he teach?
7. How many voted for him?
8. For how long was there a cruel ruler?
9. What did he ask to be respected?
10. Who was the prior ruler?
11. Where besides the focus town had a revolution recently ended.
12. How long ago had it ended in the focus town?
13. What would the new ruler not allow abuse of?
numbered_answers:
1. CNN
2. Libya
3. Tripoli
4. the transitional government
5. Abdurrahim El-Keib
6. the University of Alabama and Abu Dhabi's Petroleum Institute
7. o the post with the support of 26 of the 51 members who voted.
8. 42 years
9. national rights and interests
10. Gadhafi
11. Bani Walid and Sirte
12. about two months ago
13. human rights