TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a abstract of article and corresponding title of an article. Your task is to generate label "yes" if title is right for article, otherwise generate "no".
PROBLEM: Abstract: The cell-positional incidence of both spontaneous and damage-induced apoptosis of epithelial cells was assessed in longitudinal sections of the crypts of small intestine and colon of BDF1 mice. This was compared, using immunohistochemistry, with the pattern of expression of bcl-2, a suppressor of apoptosis. In the small intestine, apoptosis was maximal around cell position 4 from the base of the crypt; this closely corresponds to the position considered to contain the stem cells. In the colon, however, apoptosis was not confined to the area considered to harbour the stem cells (position 1 and 2). Instead, apoptosis was attenuated and distributed along the length of the crypt. Some cells at the base of murine colonic crypts expressed bcl-2 protein, whereas bcl-2 was absent in the crypts of the small intestine. Most pertinently, bcl-2 was absent from small intestinal crypt cells at positions 4-5 (the stem cell region). The importance of the expression of bcl-2 to the attenuation of apoptosis in stem cells was confirmed by analysis of the levels of both spontaneous and induced apoptosis in homozygously bcl-2 null C57BL/6 mice: in colonic crypts the level of spontaneous apoptosis rose significantly, and selectively at the base of the crypt, in comparison with crypts from wild-type animals. In contrast, there was no rise in spontaneous apoptosis in the small intestinal crypts from the bcl-2 null animals. Analysis of sections of human colon and small intestine also showed that expression of bcl-2 was confined to the base of the colonic crypt. The attenuation of apoptosis by bcl-2 in the region of the stem cells of the colonic crypts may dispose these to neoplastic transformation. Indeed, analysis of human carcinomas revealed expression of bcl-2, which in some samples was reciprocal with the expression of p53.. Title: Differential expression of bcl-2 in intestinal epithelia. Correlation with attenuation of apoptosis in colonic crypts and the incidence of colonic neoplasia.

SOLUTION: yes

PROBLEM: Abstract: Trisomic and monosomic (aneuploid) embryos account for at least 10% of human pregnancies and, for women nearing the end of their reproductive lifespan, the incidence may exceed 50%. The errors that lead to aneuploidy almost always occur in the oocyte but, despite intensive investigation, the underlying molecular basis has remained elusive. Recent studies of humans and model organisms have shed new light on the complexity of meiotic defects, providing evidence that the age-related increase in errors in the human female is not attributable to a single factor but to an interplay between unique features of oogenesis and a host of endogenous and exogenous factors.. Title: Amelioration of colitis by genetically engineered murine regulatory T cells redirected by antigen-specific chimeric receptor.

SOLUTION: no

PROBLEM: Abstract: AIMS Trabecular bone score (TBS) is a surrogate indicator of bone microarchitecture. The presenent study sought to examine the association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and trabecular bone score (TBS) in adult Vietnamese men and women.
METHODS The study was part of the Vietnam Osteoporosis Study, in which 2702 women and 1398 men aged 30 yrs were recruited from the general community in Ho Chi Minh City. HbA1c levels were measured by the ADAMS™️ A1c HA-8160 (Arkray, Kyoto, Japan), and classified into 3 groups: normal if HbA1c <5.7%; pre-diabetes (5.7 to 6.4%); and diabetes (>6.4%). TBS was evaluated by iNsight Software, version 2.1 (Medimaps, Merignac, France) on lumbar spine BMD scan (Hologic Horizon). Differences in TBS between diabetic status were analyzed by the multivariable regression model with adjustment for age and body mass index.
RESULTS The prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes in men and women was 30.2% and 8.3%, respectively. In women, TBS was lower in pre-diabetes (-0.02; P<0.001) and diabetes (-0.02; P<0.001) compared with normal individuals. In men, there was no statistically significant difference in TBS between diabetic status. Moreover, TBS was significantly inversely correlated with HbA1c levels in women (P = 0.01), but not in men (P = 0.89).
CONCLUSION Women, but not men, with type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes have lower TBS than individuals without diabetes. These data suggest that diabetes and prediabetes are associated with deterioration of bone microarchitecture.. Title: Association between pre-diabetes, type 2 diabetes and trabecular bone score: The Vietnam Osteoporosis Study.

SOLUTION:
yes