input question: excuse me if they pay for a PhD If this premise is true, does that tell us:"If they spend money on the degree, excuse me."?

output answer: yes

input question: yeah probably not If this premise is true, does that tell us:"Probably yes."?

output answer: no

input question: 1, realized gains do not count as personal income, but any taxes paid on such gains reduce disposable personal income and thus saving. If this premise is true, does that tell us:"Gains always count as personal income and one must pay taxes on them."?

output answer: no

input question: By giving a patient's condition a medical name, we turn it into a medical abnormality. If this premise is true, does that tell us:"By naming a patient's condition, we make it a medical abnormality."?

output answer:
yes