Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
A public company, publicly traded company, publicly held company, publicly listed company, or public corporation is a corporation whose ownership is dispersed among the general public in many shares of stock which are freely traded on a stock exchange or in over the counter markets. In some jurisdictions, public companies over a certain size must be listed on an exchange. A public company can be listed (listed company) or unlisted (unlisted public company).

In the early modern period, the Dutch developed several financial instruments and helped lay the foundations of modern financial system. The Dutch East India Company (VOC) became the first company in history to issue bonds and shares of stock to the general public. In other words, the VOC was officially the first publicly traded company, because it was the first company to be ever actually listed on an official stock exchange. While the Italian city-states produced the first transferable government bonds, they did not develop the other ingredient necessary to produce a fully fledged capital market: corporate shareholders. As Edward Stringham (2015) notes, "companies with transferable shares date back to classical Rome, but these were usually not enduring endeavors and no considerable secondary market existed (Neal, 1997, p. 61)."
1. Who helped form the modern financial system?
2. When?
3. Who was the first company to issue bonds to the public?
4. Were they also the first publicly traded company?
5. What is a name for a corporation whose ownership is spread out among the public?
6. Any other names?
7. Such as?
8. Where are the shares of stock traded?
9. Anywhere else?
10. Are some public companies required to be listed on a stock exchange?
11. What is a company called that is listed?
12. What about a company that is not listed?
13. Who created the first transferable government bonds?
14. Did they also create the necessary elements of a complete capital market?

Numbered answers:
1. the Dutch
2. early modern period
3. The Dutch East India Company
4. Yes
5. public corporation
6. Yes
7. publicly held company
8. stock exchange
9. over the counter market
10. Yes
11. listed company
12. unlisted public company
13. Italian city-states
14. No

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
CHAPTER TWO

A MERRY CHRISTMAS

Jo was the first to wake in the gray dawn of Christmas morning. No stockings hung at the fireplace, and for a moment she felt as much disappointed as she did long ago, when her little sock fell down because it was crammed so full of goodies. Then she remembered her mother's promise and, slipping her hand under her pillow, drew out a little crimson-covered book. She knew it very well, for it was that beautiful old story of the best life ever lived, and Jo felt that it was a true guidebook for any pilgrim going on a long journey. She woke Meg with a "Merry Christmas," and bade her see what was under her pillow. A green-covered book appeared, with the same picture inside, and a few words written by their mother, which made their one present very precious in their eyes. Presently Beth and Amy woke to rummage and find their little books also, one dove-colored, the other blue, and all sat looking at and talking about them, while the east grew rosy with the coming day.

In spite of her small vanities, Margaret had a sweet and pious nature, which unconsciously influenced her sisters, especially Jo, who loved her very tenderly, and obeyed her because her advice was so gently given.

"Girls," said Meg seriously, looking from the tumbled head beside her to the two little night-capped ones in the room beyond, "Mother wants us to read and love and mind these books, and we must begin at once. We used to be faithful about it, but since Father went away and all this war trouble unsettled us, we have neglected many things. You can do as you please, but I shall keep my book on the table here and read a little every morning as soon as I wake, for I know it will do me good and help me through the day."
1. Who woke up in the gray dawn of Christmas morning?
2. How many sisters are in this passage?
3. Did the mother keep up her promise?
4. What was under Jo's pillow?
5. How did she wake Meg up?
6. WHat color books did Beth and Amy achieved?
7. Who had a pious nature of all the sisters?
8. Who loved her the most?
9. What did Meg advise her sisters?
10. Were there any stockings hung at the fireplace?

Numbered answers:
1. Jo.
2. Six.
3. No.
4. A book.
5. "Merry Christmas,"
6. One dove-colored, the other blue,
7. Margaret.
8. Jo.
9. Mother wants us to read.
10. No.

Question:
Read the text and answer the questions.
CHAPTER XXIII

DAVE AND THE FAWN

"Sam, do you think he will live?"

Over and over Henry asked the question as he and the old frontiersman worked over the inanimate form they had brought to shore from the waters of the river.

"Hope so, Henry, but I can't tell yet," was Barringford's answer. "We'll do all we can, and trust the rest to God."

Both worked with a will, doing whatever they thought was best. Barringford held Dave up by the ankles and allowed much of the water to run from the unfortunate's mouth, and then they rolled the youth and worked his arms and rubbed him.

At first it looked as if all their efforts would be in vain, and tears gathered in Henry's eyes. But then they saw Dave give a faint shudder, followed by a tiny gasp.

"He's comin' around!" shouted Barringford, in a strangely unnatural voice. "Praise Heaven for it!"

But there was still much to do before Dave could breath with any kind of regularity, and they continued to rub him and slap him, while Barringford forced him to gulp down a small quantity of stimulants brought along in case of emergency. Then a fire was started up, and later on Henry brought over the youth's clothes, for to take Dave across the stream was out of the question.

For over an hour Dave felt so weak that neither of the others attempted to question him. Both helped him into his clothes, and gave him something hot to drink, and made him comfortable on a couch of twigs and leaves.
1. Who was held upside down?
2. Who held him that way?
3. who is with Barringford?
4. where did they find Dave?
5. what question did Henry keep repeating?
6. did he?
7. what else did they do besides the upside down hold to bring him around?
8. who yelled that he was coming to?
9. who did he give credit for this?
10. could Dave immediately speak?
11. was his breathing immediately ok?
12. what did they keep doing to him?
13. what was he forced to drink?
14. why did they have those?
15. what did they do to provide warmth?
16. what did Henry bring Dave after a while?
17. how long did they wait to start asking Dave things?
18. how did he feel during this time?
19. did he dress himself?
20. what did they make for him to lie down on?
Numbered answers:
1. Dave
2. Barringford
3. Henry
4. the waters of the river
5. "do you think he will live?"
6. yes
7. worked his arms and rubbed him
8. Barringford
9. Heaven
10. no
11. no
12. rub and slap him
13. stimulants
14. in case of emergency
15. started a fire
16. his clothes
17. over an hour
18. weak
19. no
20. a couch