Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: All living things are capable of reproduction, the process by which living things give rise to offspring. Q: All living things are capable of what process whereby living things give rise to offspring? A:
OPTIONS:
- cell division
- mitosis
- differentiation
- reproduction
Answer: reproduction

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: For molecules with more than two atoms, the molecular geometry must also be taken into account when determining if the molecule is polar or nonpolar. The Figure below shows a comparison between carbon dioxide and water. Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is a linear molecule. The oxygen atoms are more electronegative than the carbon atom, so there are two individual dipoles pointing outward from the C atom to each O atom. However, since the dipoles are of equal strength and are oriented in this way, they cancel each other out and the overall molecular polarity of CO 2 is zero. Q: What type of molecule is carbon dioxide (co2)? A:
OPTIONS:
- non-linear
- planar
- filter
- linear
output: linear

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Atoms have protons and neutrons in the center, making the nucleus, while the electrons orbit the nucleus. The modern atomic theory states that atoms of one element are the same, while atoms of different elements are different. What makes atoms of different elements different? The fundamental characteristic that all atoms of the same element share is the number of protons. All atoms of hydrogen have one and only one proton in the nucleus; all atoms of iron have 26 protons in the nucleus. This number of protons is so important to the identity of an atom that it is called the atomic number of the element. Thus, hydrogen has an atomic number of 1, while iron has an atomic number of 26. Each element has its own characteristic atomic number. Atoms of the same element can have different numbers of neutrons, however. Atoms of the same element (i. , atoms with the same number of protons) with different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. Most naturally occurring elements exist as isotopes. For example, most hydrogen atoms have a single proton in their nucleus. However, a small number (about one in a million) of hydrogen atoms have a proton and a neutron in their nuclei. This particular isotope of hydrogen is called deuterium. A very rare form of hydrogen has one proton and two neutrons in the nucleus; this isotope of hydrogen is called tritium. The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus is called the mass number of the isotope. Saylor URL: http://www. saylor. org/books. Q: All atoms of the same element share the same number of what type of particle? A:

OPTIONS:
- quarks
- neutrons
- nucleus
- protons

A: protons

input: OPTIONS:
- growth hormone
- progesterone
- estrogen
- insulin Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The pancreas is a large gland located near the stomach. Hormones secreted by the pancreas include insulin. Insulin helps cells absorb glucose from the blood. It also stimulates the liver to take up and store excess glucose. Q: Which hormone is secreted by the pancreas in a human body? A:
A:
output: insulin

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Native elements contain only atoms of one type of element. They are not combined with other elements. There are very few examples of these types of minerals. Some native elements are rare and valuable. Gold, silver, sulfur, and diamond are examples. Q: What do you call elements that contain only atoms of one type of element? A:

OPTIONS:
- typical elements
- noble gases
- reactive elements
- native elements

Answer: native elements

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential in very small (trace) amounts for the maintenance of normal metabolism. They generally cannot be synthesized at adequate levels by the body and must be obtained from the diet. The absence or shortage of a vitamin may result in a vitamin-deficiency disease. In the first half of the 20th century, a major focus of biochemistry was the identification, isolation, and characterization of vitamins. Despite accumulating evidence that people needed more than just carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in their diets for normal growth and health, it was not until the early 1900s that research established the need for trace nutrients in the diet. Because organisms differ in their synthetic abilities, a substance that is a vitamin for one species may not be so for another. Over the past 100 years, scientists have identified and isolated 13 vitamins required in the human diet and have divided them into two broad categories: the fat-soluble vitamins, which include vitamins A, D, E, and K, and the water-soluble vitamins, which are the B complex vitamins and vitamin C. All fatsoluble vitamins contain a high proportion of hydrocarbon structural components. There are one or two oxygen atoms present, but the compounds as a whole are nonpolar. In contrast, water-soluble vitamins contain large numbers of electronegative oxygen and nitrogen atoms, which can engage in hydrogen bonding with water. Most water-soluble vitamins act as coenzymes or are required for the synthesis of coenzymes. The fatsoluble vitamins are important for a variety of physiological functions. The key vitamins and their functions are found in Table 18.8 "Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Physiological Functions" and Table 18.9 "Water-Soluble Vitamins and Physiological Functions". Table 18.8 Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Physiological Functions Vitamin. Q: Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential in very small amounts for the maintenance of normal what? A:

OPTIONS:
- respiration
- pigments
- calcium
- metabolism

A:
metabolism