This task involves creating questions from a given passage that involve some kind of complex reasoning (including numerical reasoning).
The generated questions must require looking at more than one part of the passage to answer. Try to use a variety of reasoning types in your questions (some of the sample reasoning types are illustrated in the 'positive examples' field) and also have a variety of answer types (spans, numbers, dates). A span is a continuous phrase taken directly from the passage or question. In such questions, the answer spans are recommended to be five words. Questions with answer type "number", are expected to start with "How many". For instance, "How long did an event last?" can be phrased as "How many years did an event last?". To increase diversity, try to create more questions for which the answer will be multiple spans. Please create questions that require AT LEAST 2 arithmetic operations as illustrated in the 'positive examples' field. You are encouraged to try DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS of operations and not just limit to the combinations shown in those examples. The more challenging questions you create, the better it is.

Ex Input:
Passage: A 2013 analysis of the National Assessment of Educational Progress found that from 1971 to 2008, the size of the black-white IQ gap in the United States decreased from 16.33 to 9.94 IQ points. It has also concluded however that, while IQ means are continuing to rise in all ethnic groups, this growth is occurring more slowly among 17-year-old students than among younger students and the black-white IQ gap is no longer narrowing. As of 2008, a study published in 2013 by Heiner Rindermann, Stefan Pinchelmann, and James Thompson have estimated the IQ means of 17-year-old black, white, and Hispanic students to range respectively from 90.45-94.15, 102.29-104.57 and 92.30-95.90 points. They explain that the gap may persist due to the crack epidemic, the degradation of African-American family structure, the rise of fraud in the educational system (especially with respect to No Child Left Behind), the decrease in unskilled real wages and employment among African-Americans due to globalization and minimum wage increases, differences in parental practices (such as breastfeeding or reading to children), and "environmental conditions shaped by [African-Americans] themselves." To resolve this, they ultimately recommend the reestablishment of "meritoric principles" and "blindly graded objective central exams," as opposed to "affirmative action," in education.

Ex Output:
How many IQ points did the black-white IQ gap decrease between 1971 and 2008?

Ex Input:
Passage: The Broncos donned their alternate orange jerseys and kicked off their 2011 season at home against their AFC West rival Oakland Raiders, the Broncos' first Week 1 home opener since 2004. The Broncos took an early lead in the first quarter, with a 28-yard field goal by placekicker Matt Prater. The Raiders reeled off 16 unanswered points in the second quarter, with a 3-yard touchdown pass from quarterback Jason Campbell to fullback Marcel Reece, followed by three field goals of 37, 21 and 63 yards by placekicker Sebastian Janikowski, the latter of which tied the record for the longest field goal in NFL history. The Broncos responded in the third quarter, with kick returner Eric Decker returning a punt 90 yards for a touchdown, followed by a 30-yard field goal by Prater. The Raiders increased their lead in the fourth quarter, with a 1-yard touchdown run by Campbell. The Broncos tried to rally, with quarterback Kyle Orton throwing a 9-yard touchdown pass to running back Lance Ball. However, Oakland would run out the clock.

Ex Output:
How many field goals between 25 and 65 yards were made?

Ex Input:
Passage: After dropping two straight games, the Vikings came home for an NFC North fight with the Detroit Lions. The Vikings struck first with a 26-yard field goal which would be the only points scored in the first quarter. The Vikings wouldn't score again until the 4th quarter. Detroit got close but Napoleon Harris got his first interception of his five-year career at the end of the 1st. In the second quarter, Detroit quarterback Jon Kitna ran 8 yards to score a touchdown putting the Lions ahead 7-3. Detroit's next drive would result in a field goal to put them ahead 10-3. In the 3rd quarter, Detroit would recover a Viking funble and then go on to score another touchdown to bring their lead to 17-3. In the first minute of the 4th quarter, Viking's Travis Taylor scored a touchdown after a three-yard pass to bring the score to 17-10. The Lions' next drive would end in a forced fumble when Pat Williams burst through the line untouched, and Jon Kitna lost the ball which was picked up by the Vikings' Ben Leber, who ran it in for a touchdown; however, the extra point was blocked leaving the score at 17-16. Later, the Viking's scored a 20-yard field goal to take the lead 19-17. Detroit would then throw an interception on fourth and ten to E.J. Henderson who would run 45 yards to score a touchdown bringing the score to 26-17 and the Vikings Darren Sharper got an interception in the last minute to seal the victory, bringing their record up to 3-2.

Ex Output:
How long was the first field goal?