Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Open Numbers. Create a blank spreadsheet if you like. Browse the available template categories. Select a specific template to use. Click Choose. Fill out the template if necessary. Know where to place your data headers. Select a cell. Enter your data. Save the data. Enter any other necessary data. Add cells together. Save your spreadsheet.

Answer: Click or double-click the Numbers app icon, which resembles a series of white, horizontal bars on a light-green background. If you want to create a blank spreadsheet, do the following and then skip ahead to the "Know where to place your data headers" step: Click the All tab in the upper-left side of the Numbers window. Click the Blank template in the upper-left corner of the page. Click Choose in the lower-right side of the window. On the left side of the window, you'll see several tabs (e.g., All, Basic, etc.). Clicking a tab will display a list of templates in that category. You can also just scroll down through the list of templates in the middle of the page. Click once the template you want to use to select it. It's in the lower-right corner of the window. Your template will open in Numbers. If you're using a pre-formatted template, fill out the necessary cells to complete the template, then skip ahead to the "Save your spreadsheet" step. Skip this step if you aren't using a template. Some templates use multiple spreadsheets which you can switch between by using the tabs in the lower-left side of the Numbers window. You'll usually place headers in the 1 row at the top of the sheet. For example, if you're creating a list of employee names organized by department, you might place one department title in cell A1 and another in cell B1, etc. Click once the cell in which you want to insert data. For example, if you want to type the word "Date" into the cell A1, you would click cell A1. Type in the word, phrase, or figure that you want to enter into the cell. Press Return to do so. Your cell's data will be formatted and saved. You can fill out the rest of your spreadsheet as you please. If you want to use a cell to combine the results for a list of cells into one sum, you can do the following: Select an empty cell. Type in =SUM( followed by the cells you want to add in "A1,B1,C1" format and a closing parenthesis (e.g., =SUM(A1,B1)). Press Return. Review the sum. Once you've finished creating the spreadsheet, you can save it as a file on your computer by doing the following: Click File in the upper-left corner of the screen. Click Save As... in the drop-down menu. Enter a file name. Select a save location (you may first have to click the "Where" drop-down box to see a list of locations). Click Save.

Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Identify the different types. Understand post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). Identify lentigines. Determine melasma hyperpigmentation.

Answer: Hyperpigmentation can take a variety of forms and have a number of different potential causes. If you want to try and prevent it, it's important to have a clear understanding of the different ways it might appear to see for which form you are most at risk. Depending on what form of hyperpigmentation you are concerned about, you may not be able to do much to prevent it. The three main types are: Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation Lentigines Melasma This type of hyperpigmentation can be caused by any inflammatory skin condition which involves the junction between epidermis and dermis. The epidermis is the outermost layer of skin and the dermis is the layer beneath that. The kind of inflammation or injury that can cause PIH includes acne, burns, and psoriasis. A professional skin treatment can also result in PIH. If PIH is a reaction to a specific inflammation or trauma it can resolve itself without treatment, but this can sometimes take months. It is possible that epidermal pigmentation can last for six months or a year. Dermal pigmentation can last for even longer, persisting for years. There are a wide variety of different instances of lentigines recorded in medicine. Some of these develop when you are very young and some as you get older. Solar lentigines are those which are most often caused by excessive exposure to the sun. Sometimes these are known as liver spots, and have been associated with aging. Although they do multiply and become more prominent with age, evidence has shown them to be much more prominent in older people who have had high exposure to UV light. Solar lentigines most frequently occur on the face and the back of the hands. There is no proven link between lentigines and melanoma (a serious form of skin cancer), but they are considered an independent risk factor for melanoma. One other common type of hyperpigmentation is known as melasma (sometimes referred to as chloasma). Unlike the PIH and lentigines, melasma is not caused by exposure to the sun or a trauma or inflammation experienced by the skin. Melasma is understood to result from hormonal fluctuations, most commonly during pregnancy. Melasma takes the appearance of dark brown, roughly symmetrical patches on the face, which have clear distinct edges. Melasma can be a side-effect of oral contraceptives for women. It is often aggravated by thyroid complaints. It is more prevalent and tends to persist for longer in people with darker skin, and is sometimes experienced by dark-skinned men. For women, melasma often fades slowly after pregnancy, when hormonal fluctuations desist; however, it may never completely disappear without treatment.

Problem: Write an article based on this summary: Roll a set of dice to see who will be the East Wind. Place the tiles face-down to shuffle them and deal. Have the East Wind deal 13 tiles to each person. Pass tiles using the "Charleston" rule in American mahjong.

Answer:
The East Wind is the dealer for that game. Whoever rolls the highest on 2 dice is designated as the East Wind. The West Wind is across from the East Wind, while the North Wind is to the East's left and the South is to the East's Right. The person to the right of the East Wind, the South Wind, goes first. Set all the tiles in the middle of the table and turn them upside-down. Mix them around with your hands to shuffle the tiles. The East Wind can decide when the tiles are shuffled enough. The East Wind deals 1 tile to each player at a time. When each player has 13, stop dealing. You'll have tiles leftover. Just leave them in the middle in a group, as you'll draw from them throughout the game. Line up the tiles facing you to form your hand. In traditional mahjong, you make a wall of tiles in front of each player before dealing, 36 tiles each in stacks of 2. Then you push all the walls together to form a square. The East Wind throws 2 dice, then counts from the right to that point in the wall and pushes 2 stacks of tiles forward to put in their hand. Players take turns pulling out stacks, 2 stacks at a time until they reach 12 each. Then, the East takes 2 tiles and the other 3 players take a single tile. This rule is a variant, and it's typically only used in the American version. It's divided into 3 parts. You must do the Charleston the first time. All you do is take 3 tiles from your hand that you want to discard and pass them to the right, called the first pass. Then you do the same with the person across from you (second pass) and then for the person to your left (third pass). If everyone agrees, you can do the whole process a second time, but if 1 person says "no," you don't. On the third pass, you can use a "blind" pass, meaning you can move 1-3 tiles that are passed to you on to the next person without looking at them. Make sure you still pass 3, making up the extra from your hand. You can also do a courtesy pass at the end, where the players across from each agree to exchange 1-3 tiles. This is optional, and both players must agree on the pass, stating how many tiles they want to exchange. Whichever number is lower is the one used.