Question: (Adapted from OMB Circular A-11) Direct loan subsidy cost is the estimated long-term cost to the government of direct loans calculated on a present value basis, excluding administrative costs.
(Adapted from OMB Circular A-11) The OMB is responsible for calculating the cost of direct loans before a budget is approved.

Answer: it is not possible to tell

Question: There is no intergovernmental mandate because the OSHA standards do not apply to state and local governments, except in states that have voluntarily elected to adopt an OSHA State Plan.
The OSHA standards don't apply to state and local governments.

Answer: yes

Question: Either way, you've got a legitimate gripe.
You will be content with one decision.

Answer:
no