Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Insulin The primary function of insulin is to facilitate the uptake of glucose into body cells. Red blood cells, as well as cells of the brain, liver, kidneys, and the lining of the small intestine, do not have insulin receptors on their cell membranes and do not require insulin for glucose uptake. Although all other body cells do require insulin if they are to take glucose from the bloodstream, skeletal muscle cells and adipose cells are the primary targets of insulin. The presence of food in the intestine triggers the release of gastrointestinal tract hormones such as glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (previously known as gastric inhibitory peptide). This is in turn the initial trigger for insulin production and secretion by the beta cells of the pancreas. Once nutrient absorption occurs, the resulting surge in blood glucose levels further stimulates insulin secretion. Precisely how insulin facilitates glucose uptake is not entirely clear. However, insulin appears to activate a tyrosine kinase receptor, triggering the phosphorylation of many substrates within the cell. These multiple biochemical reactions converge to support the movement of intracellular vesicles containing facilitative glucose transporters to the cell membrane. In the absence of insulin, these transport proteins are normally recycled slowly between the cell membrane and cell interior. Insulin triggers the rapid movement of a pool of glucose transporter vesicles to the cell membrane, where they fuse and expose the glucose transporters to the extracellular fluid. The transporters then move glucose by facilitated diffusion into the cell interior. Q: The primary function of insulin is to facilitate the uptake of what into body cells? A:
OPTIONS:
- sucralose
- water
- chloride
- glucose
Answer: glucose

input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Near the time of birth, the amniotic sac breaks in a gush of fluid. Often when this occurs, women say that their "water broke. " Labor usually begins within a day of this event. Labor involves contractions of the muscular walls of the uterus, which cause the cervix to dilate. With the mother's help, the contractions eventually push the fetus out of the uterus and through the vagina. Within seconds of birth, the umbilical cord is cut. Without this connection to the placenta, the baby cannot exchange gases, so carbon dioxide quickly builds up in the baby's blood. This stimulates the brain to trigger breathing, and the newborn takes its first breath. See Labor and Birth - BabyCenter Video at http://www. youtube. com/watch?v=BgZ5z6RB06c for additional information. Q: What connection is required for a newborn baby to begin breathing? A:
OPTIONS:
- connection to a heat source
- connection to a ventilator
- connection to the father
- connection to the placenta
output: connection to the placenta

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Radioactive decay is the breakdown of unstable isotopes into stable elements. For example, carbon-14 is an unstable isotope of carbon that decays to the stable element nitrogen-14. The rate of decay of an isotope is measured in half-lives. A half-life is the time it takes for half a given amount of an isotope to decay. Q: What is the term for the breakdown of unstable isotopes into stable elements? A:

OPTIONS:
- isotopic decay
- radioactive decrease
- secondary decay
- radioactive decay

A: radioactive decay

input: OPTIONS:
- a5 h12 o6
- H2 C3 NA6
- d5 h12 o6
- c6 h12 o6 Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: The sugar glucose is a covalent compound. When sugar dissolves in water, it forms individual glucose molecules (C 6 H 12 O 6 ). You can see how this happens in the Figure below . Sugar is polar like water, so sugar molecules also have positive and negative ends. Forces of attraction between oppositely charged ends of water and sugar molecules pull individual sugar molecules away from the sugar crystal. Little by little, the sugar molecules are separated from the crystal and surrounded by water. You can watch this happening in the video at the following URL: http://www. youtube. com/watch?v=hydUVGUbyvU. Q: What is the chemical formula for a glucose molecule? A:
A:
output: c6 h12 o6

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Pressure Relationships Inspiration (or inhalation) and expiration (or exhalation) are dependent on the differences in pressure between the atmosphere and the lungs. In a gas, pressure is a force created by the movement of gas molecules that are confined. For example, a certain number of gas molecules in a two-liter container has more room than the same number of gas molecules. Q: Pressure relationships inspiration (or inhalation) and expiration (or exhalation) are dependent on the differences in pressure between the atmosphere and these? A:

OPTIONS:
- salts
- enzymes
- bones
- lungs

Answer: lungs

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: What is the source of glucose for living things? It is made by plants and certain other organisms. The process in which glucose is made using energy in light is photosynthesis . This process requires carbon dioxide and water. It produces oxygen in addition to glucose. Q: What is the process in which glucose is made using energy in light called? A:

OPTIONS:
- glucosynthesis
- photogenesis
- gluconeogenesis
- photosynthesis

A:
photosynthesis