The Observer is a British newspaper published on Sundays. In the same place on the political spectrum as its sister papers "the Guardian" and the "Guardian Weekly", whose parent company Guardian Media Group Limited acquired it in 1993, it takes a social liberal or social democratic line on most issues. First published in 1791, it is the world's oldest Sunday newspaper.

The first issue, published on 4 December 1791 by W.S. Bourne, was the world's first Sunday newspaper. Believing that the paper would be a means of wealth, Bourne instead soon found himself facing debts of nearly 1,600. Though early editions purported editorial independence, Bourne attempted to cut his losses and sell the title to the government. When this failed, Bourne's brother (a wealthy businessman) made an offer to the government, which also refused to buy the paper but agreed to subsidise it in return for influence over its editorial content. As a result, the paper soon took a strong line against radicals such as Thomas Paine, Francis Burdett and Joseph Priestley.

In 1807, the brothers decided to relinquish editorial control, naming Lewis Doxat as the new editor. Seven years later, the brothers sold "The Observer" to William Innell Clement, a newspaper proprietor who owned a number of publications. The paper continued to receive government subsidies during this period; in 1819, of the approximately 23,000 copies of the paper distributed weekly, approximately 10,000 were given away as "specimen copies", distributed by postmen who were paid to deliver them to "lawyers, doctors, and gentlemen of the town." Yet the paper began to demonstrate a more independent editorial stance, criticising the authorities' handling of the events surrounding the Peterloo Massacre and defying an 1820 court order against publishing details of the trial of the Cato Street Conspirators, who were alleged to have plotted to murder members of the Cabinet. The woodcut pictures published of the stable and hayloft where the conspirators were arrested reflected a new stage of illustrated journalism that the newspaper pioneered during this time. What are the answers to this following set of questions: 1. What is The Observer?
2. When is it published?
3. Is it affiliated with other papers?
4. Which ones?
5. Are they run by the same company?
6. What company?
7. When was it first published?
8. What political stance does it take?
9. Who first published it?
10. Did it do well?
11. What did he do?
12. Did they successfully sell it?
13. What did he do then?
14. How did this affect the paper?
15. Did the brothers remain editors?
16. Who became editor?
17. Was the paper then sold?
18. To whom?
19. Did it sell better under his control?
20. Who was their target audience?
Answer: 1. a British newspaper
2. on Sundays
3. yes
4. "the Guardian" and the "Guardian Weekly"
5. yes
6. Guardian Media Group Limited
7. 4 December 1791
8. social liberal or social democratic
9. W.S. Bourne
10. no
11. attempted to sell the title to the government
12. no
13. Bourne's brother made an offer to the government
14. the paper took a strong line against radicals
15. no
16. Lewis Doxat
17. yes
18. William Innell Clement
19. no
20. lawyers, doctors, and gentlemen of the town

Problem: Belfast, Northern Ireland (CNN) -- Ireland's top Roman Catholic cleric, Cardinal Sean Brady, was under mounting pressure to resign Friday amid renewed allegations about his role in dealing with the sexual abuse of children by priests.

A British television documentary repeated claims made in 2010 that Brady was told of attacks by pedophile priest Father Brendan Smyth in 1975 but did not inform police or the parents of the victims.

The documentary also claimed that Brady, then a priest, had a greater role in the church investigation of the Smyth allegations than he has admitted. New details and documents also were produced.

Responding to the BBC program, Brady repeated his defense that he had done his job by passing details of all allegations to his superiors.

He told CNN that he felt "betrayed" when he discovered that church officials had taken no action against Smyth, who continued to abuse children for years throughout Ireland and in the United States.

Smyth was eventually imprisoned and has since died.

Brady has accepted that during the 1970s, he was "part of an unhelpful culture of deference and silence in society and the church," but he has insisted he does not intend to resign.

The Catholic Church in Ireland said Friday that a previous request from Brady for Pope Benedict XVI to send a bishop to help him with his work would be "reactivated."

Calls continued from abuse victims and lawmakers in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland for Brady to step down.

Abuse survivor Jon McCourt told CNN that further inquiries should be made into Brady's role.
1. Who was being pressured to resign?
2. What was his name?
3. Why?
4. Was he complicit in child abuse claims?
5. How long did he know?
6. Did he tell anybody?
Answer: 1. Ireland's top Roman Catholic cleric
2. Sean Brady
3. allegations about his role in dealing with the sexual abuse
4. yes
5. since 1975
6. did not inform police or the parents of the victims.

question: CHAPTER THIRTEEN

"The Height of the season," said Bonamy.

The sun had already blistered the paint on the backs of the green chairs in Hyde Park; peeled the bark off the plane trees; and turned the earth to powder and to smooth yellow pebbles. Hyde Park was circled, incessantly, by turning wheels.

"The height of the season," said Bonamy sarcastically.

He was sarcastic because of Clara Durrant; because Jacob had come back from Greece very brown and lean, with his pockets full of Greek notes, which he pulled out when the chair man came for pence; because Jacob was silent.

"He has not said a word to show that he is glad to see me," thought Bonamy bitterly.

The motor cars passed incessantly over the bridge of the Serpentine; the upper classes walked upright, or bent themselves gracefully over the palings; the lower classes lay with their knees cocked up, flat on their backs; the sheep grazed on pointed wooden legs; small children ran down the sloping grass, stretched their arms, and fell.

"Very urbane," Jacob brought out.

"Urbane" on the lips of Jacob had mysteriously all the shapeliness of a character which Bonamy thought daily more sublime, devastating, terrific than ever, though he was still, and perhaps would be for ever, barbaric, obscure.

What superlatives! What adjectives! How acquit Bonamy of sentimentality of the grossest sort; of being tossed like a cork on the waves; of having no steady insight into character; of being unsupported by reason, and of drawing no comfort whatever from the works of the classics?
1. Who is speaking?
2. What do they say?
3. Are they being serious?
4. Why?
5. What is her last name?
6. Why else?
7. In what way?
8. Why else?
9. Had he expressed happiness to see him?
10. Is this upsetting him?
11. What is going on around him?
12. Where?
13. Over what?
14. What else are they looking at?
15. Doing what?
16. Anything else?
17. And the other people?
18. Who else?
19. On their stomachs?
20. What does the other person say?
21. Does this excite him?
****
answer:
1. Bonamy
2. The Height of the season
3. No
4. because of Clara
5. Durrant
6. Jacob had come back from Greece
7. very brown and lean
8. Jacob was silent
9. No
10. Yes
11. motor cars passed
12. over the bridge
13. the Serpentine
14. children
15. They ran down the grass
16. stretched their arms, and fell
17. the upper classes walked upright
18. the lower classes lay
19. No
20. "Very urbane,"
21. Yes