input: OPTIONS:
- dissove
- look
- move
- form Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Geologists group rocks based on how they form. There are three major rock types. Each will be described in more detail in the coming concepts. Q: Geologists group rocks based on how they what? A:
A:
output: form

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Catecholamines are a class of amine hormones synthesised form which amino acid? A:

OPTIONS:
- epinephrine
- dopamine
- phenylalanine
- tyrosine

Answer: tyrosine

Problem: OPTIONS:
- replication reaction
- osmosis
- metabolism
- reabsorption
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Flame Cells of Planaria and Nephridia of Worms As multi-cellular systems evolved to have organ systems that divided the metabolic needs of the body, individual organs evolved to perform the excretory function. Planaria are flatworms that live in fresh water. Their excretory system consists of two tubules connected to a highly branched duct system. The cells in the tubules are called flame cells (or protonephridia) because they have a cluster of cilia that looks like a flickering flame when viewed under the microscope, as illustrated in Figure 41.10a. The cilia propel waste matter down the tubules and out of the body through excretory pores that open on the body surface; cilia also draw water from the interstitial fluid, allowing for filtration. Any valuable metabolites are recovered by reabsorption. Flame cells are found in flatworms, including parasitic tapeworms and free-living planaria. They also maintain the organism's osmotic balance. Q: How are valuable metabolites recovered? A:
Answer: reabsorption

Problem:OPTIONS:
- carbohydrates
- grains
- fossils
- minerals

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Metamorphism does not cause a rock to melt completely. It only causes the minerals to change by heat or pressure. If the rock melts completely, it will cool to become an igneous rock. Q: What changes from heat or pressure during metamorphism? A:
****
A: minerals

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Several lines of evidence support that chlorarachniophytes evolved from secondary endosymbiosis. The chloroplasts contained within the green algal endosymbionts still are capable of photosynthesis, making chlorarachniophytes photosynthetic. The green algal endosymbiont also exhibits a stunted vestigial nucleus. In fact, it appears that chlorarachniophytes are the products of an evolutionarily recent secondary endosymbiotic event. The plastids of chlorarachniophytes are surrounded by four membranes: The first two correspond to the inner and outer membranes of the photosynthetic cyanobacterium, the third corresponds to the green alga, and the fourth corresponds to the vacuole that surrounded the green alga when it was engulfed by the chlorarachniophyte ancestor. In other lineages that involved secondary endosymbiosis, only three membranes can be identified around plastids. This is currently rectified as a sequential loss of a membrane during the course of evolution. The process of secondary endosymbiosis is not unique to chlorarachniophytes. In fact, secondary endosymbiosis of green algae also led to euglenid protists, whereas secondary endosymbiosis of red algae led to the evolution of dinoflagellates, apicomplexans, and stramenopiles. Q: The chloroplasts contained within the green algal endosymbionts still are capable of what process associated with plants? A:
OPTIONS:
- germination
- respiration
- reproduction
- photosynthesis
photosynthesis

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Triglycerides in the diet are digested in the small intestine. Since lipids are not water-soluble, they are emulsified with the help of bile acids, which are produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder. Bile acids are cholesterol-derived steroids that also contain a water-soluble component. The nonpolar region of these acids can interact with triglycerides, and the water-soluble portion allows the entire complex to dissolve in the aqueous environment within the body. Q: Where are bile acids, needed to emulsify lipids, stored in the body? A:
OPTIONS:
- liver
- womb
- cerebellum
- gallbladder

Answer:
gallbladder