In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

This man repudiated the Walrasian school after he published a work critical of the marginal productivity theory of distribution. In his magnum opus, he argued that actions are based on illogical decisions called "residues" and are justified by "derivations. " In additio to writing Cours d'economie politique and Mind and Society, his collaborative work with Francis Edgeworth resulted in the indifference curve, and he is also the namesake of a distribution, which leads to the conclusion that 80% of the outcome can be attributed to 20% of the causes. For 10 points, identify this economist, who also names a condition where no person can be made better of without making anybody worse off.
Social Science

When he died of a ruptured appendix in 1925, he was only 43, but he had already achieved great acclaim. In fact, he was memorialized by the Metropolitan Museum of Art less than a year after his death. A devotee of Robert Henri, he was noted for his dramatic interpretations of common life, especially in New York City, where he helped organize the Armory Show of 1913. FTP name the painter of Forty-Two Kids, Matinicus, and such prize-fighting scenes as Stag at Sharkey's.
Fine Arts

Not easily oxidized, these compounds can be synthesized by using an organolithium reagent on a nitrile, followed by hydrolysis of the product. Useful as solvents and flavorings, they can also be made by oxidizing a secondary alcohol. They do not affect Fehling's solution and do not react with the Tollens reagent, which differentiates them from aldehydes. FTP, name this class of compounds with a carbonyl group between two aryl groups, the simplest of which is acetone.
Science