input with options: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Basic Principles of Gas Exchange Gas exchange during respiration occurs primarily through diffusion. Diffusion is a process in which transport is driven by a concentration gradient. Gas molecules move from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration. Blood that is low in oxygen concentration and high in carbon dioxide concentration undergoes gas exchange with air in the lungs. The air in the lungs has a higher concentration of oxygen than that of oxygen-depleted blood and a lower concentration of carbon dioxide. This concentration gradient allows for gas exchange during respiration. Partial pressure is a measure of the concentration of the individual components in a mixture of gases. The total pressure exerted by the mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of the components in the mixture. The rate of diffusion of a gas is proportional to its partial pressure within the total gas mixture. This concept is discussed further in detail below. Q: Gas exchange during respiration occurs primarily through what? A:
OPTIONS:
- vaporization
- secretion
- activation
- diffusion
output: diffusion

Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: A diploid zygote is formed when one sperm does what? A:

OPTIONS:
- cracks the egg
- repels the egg
- incapacitates the egg
- fertilizes the egg

A: fertilizes the egg

input: OPTIONS:
- magentic radiation
- gamma rays
- microwaves
- solar radiation Now, answer this question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Q: Much of what type of radiation that strikes the planet is reflected back into space? A:
A:
output: solar radiation

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Give examples of energy conversions between potential and kinetic energy. Q: Two important types of energy that can be converted to one another include potential and what? A:

OPTIONS:
- physical
- thermal
- magnetic
- kinetic

Answer: kinetic

Problem: OPTIONS:
- omnivore
- herbivore
- polyvore
- carnivore
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Birds live in a variety of different habitats. Birds that live in different habitats will encounter different foods and different predators. Birds can be carnivores (feeding on other animals), herbivores (feeding on plants), or generalists (feeding on a variety of foods). The lifestyle of the bird can affect what it looks like. For example, can you think of some examples of beaks that are adapted to the type of food a bird eats? Carnivorous birds include hawks, falcons, eagles, osprey, vultures and owls. Herbivorous birds include the goose, cockatoo and parrot. The American Crow is an example of a generalist. In addition, a specialist is a bird (or other animal) that is specially adapted to eat a certain food. An example of a specialist is a hummingbird, whose long, thin beak is excellent for reaching into flowers for nectar, but not very good for eating other foods. Q: What do you call an animal that feeds on other animals? A:
Answer: carnivore

Answer the following question given this paragraph: Circadian rhythms are regular changes in biology or behavior that occur in a 24-hour cycle. In humans, for example, blood pressure and body temperature change in a regular way throughout each 24-hour day. Animals may eat and drink at certain times of day as well. Humans have daily cycles of behavior, too. Most people start to get sleepy after dark and have a hard time sleeping when it is light outside. In many species, including humans, circadian rhythms are controlled by a tiny structure called the biological clock . This structure is located in a gland at the base of the brain. The biological clock sends signals to the body. The signals cause regular changes in behavior and body processes. The amount of light entering the eyes helps control the biological clock. The clock causes changes that repeat every 24 hours. Q: What do you call the regular changes in biology or behavior that occur in a 24-hour cycle? A:

OPTIONS:
- cognitive rhythms
- variable rhythms
- sleep rhythms
- circadian rhythms

Answer:
circadian rhythms