Given an abstract, indicate which of the provided candidate titles (Option1 and Option2) best describes it (respond with the text of the title, not option1/2).

[Q]: Abstract: Studies of airway glands indicate a muscarinic cholinergic regulation of secretion. Because of the cellular complexity of the airways, receptor characterization in whole tissue is unfeasible. Therefore, we utilized homogenates of disaggregated gland cells isolated from cat trachea and the muscarinic antagonist [1-3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate ([3H]QNB) to characterize glandular muscarinic receptors. Receptors of isolated cells were functionally intact as assessed by carbachol (10(-4) M) stimulation of O2 consumption 86 +/- 6% (+/- SE, n = 20). Stimulation was dose dependent (mean effective concentration = 3.5 microM), inhibited by atropine [dissociation constant (KD) = 4.2 nM] but not phentolamine nor propranolol. Specific binding of [3H]QNB to cell homogenates was saturable, of high affinity (KD = 36 pM) and to a single population of receptors. Maximum binding was 58 fmol/10(6) cells or about 35,000 receptors per cell. Estimated affinities for muscarinic agents were in the micromolar range for agonists and nanomolar range for antagonists. Histamine, alpha-adrenergic, and beta-adrenergic agonists and antagonists did not inhibit specific binding. These results suggest that muscarinic receptors on tracheal gland cells are of high affinity and density.
Which is the apt title for the abstract? option1: Characterization of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in cat tracheal gland cells. option2: Health care in transition. Consequences for young physicians. Council on Long-Range Planning and Development.
[A]: Characterization of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in cat tracheal gland cells.

[Q]: Abstract: To investigate the changes in diaphragm electromyogram (EMG) during the course of severe loaded breathing, we subjected five conscious adult sheep to inspiratory flow resistive breathing (resistance greater than 150 cmH2O X l-1 X s) for up to 2-3 h and studied the total EMG power per breath (iEMG) and the EMG power per unit time after dividing the duration of EMG activity within each breath into three equal parts (iEMG1, iEMG2, and iEMG3). Both total breath iEMG and transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) increased, remained at a high level for a certain period of time, and then started to fall. A change in the pattern of iEMG within a breath was observed during loaded breathing. The increase in total-breath iEMG was associated mostly with an increase in iEMG3, or the last part of the EMG power within each inspiration. Similarly, the decrease in total breath iEMG was primarily due to a decrease in iEMG3. We conclude that, in sheep subjected to severe IFR loads for prolonged periods the marked increase in total-breath iEMG at the beginning of loaded breathing and the marked decrease in this iEMG at the time of decrease in Pdi are largely due to changes in iEMG that occur during the latter third of each breath. We speculate that during loaded breathing the recruitment pattern of diaphragmatic muscle fibers changes during the course of an inspiratory effort.
Which is the apt title for the abstract? option1: Within-breath electromyographic changes during loaded breathing in adult sheep. option2: Focus on keratotomy results [letter]
[A]: Within-breath electromyographic changes during loaded breathing in adult sheep.

[Q]: Abstract: The ability of several surface-active agents to stimulate the humoral immune response in mice against haptenated liposomes was tested. The surfactants were block copolymers of hydrophilic polyoxyethylene (POE) and hydrophobic polyoxypropylene (POP) that differed in m.w., percentage of POE, and mode of linkage of POP to POE. The liposomes were haptenated with tripeptide-enlarged dinitrophenyl coupled to phosphatidylethanolamine, which was incorporated into the liposomal membrane. Additional injection of mice with surfactant stimulated serum hemagglutination titers and splenic plaque-forming cell (PFC) numbers to varying extents. Block polymers with POP chains flanking a POE center, as well as polymers with POE chains flanking a POP center, displayed high adjuvant activity. These block polymers stimulated the antibody response in a dose-dependent manner. They stimulated the antibody response with both high and low antigen doses. Furthermore, the addition of one of these adjuvants (25R1) reduced the amount of carrier lipid required in the liposome in order to obtain an optimal antibody response. The surfactants, which displayed high adjuvant activity, did not interfere with liposome stability as measured with a liposome lysis assay. Moreover, in vitro preincubation of liposomes with a block polymer did not affect their immunogenicity. Optimal adjuvant activity was observed when both adjuvant and liposomes were administered by the same route. Simultaneous injection of both components, however, is not a prerequisite. Conclusively, it can be stated that nonionic block polymer surfactants are potent adjuvants for stimulation of the antibody response against haptenated liposomes.
Which is the apt title for the abstract? option1: Adjuvant effects of nonionic block polymer surfactants on liposome-induced humoral immune response. option2: US Supreme Court to review Louisiana appeal [news]
[A]:
Adjuvant effects of nonionic block polymer surfactants on liposome-induced humoral immune response.