Instructions: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.
Input: This king unsuccessfully tried to make his bastard son Morgan the Bishop of Durham and appointed William Marshal as tutor for another son. An army led by this king's advisor Ranulf of Glanvill won the Battle of Alnwick, which led to the Treaty of Falaise with William the Lion. This man's foreign policy was greatly aided by the papal bull Laudabiliter issued by Adrian IV, which addressed Ireland. This initiator of the Assizes of Northampton also seized the Duchy of Northumbria from Malcom IV of Scotland. This contemporary of Louis VII of France became heir to the throne under the Treaty of Winchester, signed by his mother and the previous king, and a struggle over this king's Constitutions of Clarendon led to the death of Thomas a Becket. For ten points, name this successor of Stephen of Blois and first Plantagenet King of England, the father of Richard the Lion-Heart.
Output:
History