Answer the following question given this paragraph: Covalent Molecules and Compounds Just as an atom is the simplest unit that has the fundamental chemical properties of an element, a molecule is the simplest unit that has the fundamental chemical properties of a covalent compound. Some pure elements exist as covalent molecules. Hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and the halogens occur naturally. Q: What is the simplest unit that has the fundamental chemical properties of an element? Choices: - neutron - nucleus - cell - atom A:
atom
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Mutation Mutations are changes to an organism's DNA and are an important driver of diversity in populations. Species evolve because of the accumulation of mutations that occur over time. The appearance of new mutations is the most common way to introduce novel genotypic and phenotypic variance. Some mutations are unfavorable or harmful and are quickly eliminated from the population by natural selection. Others are beneficial and will spread through the population. Whether or not a mutation is beneficial or harmful is determined by whether it helps an organism survive to sexual maturity and reproduce. Some mutations do not do anything and can linger, unaffected by natural selection, in the genome. Some can have a dramatic effect on a gene and the resulting phenotype. Q: What term is used to describe changes to an organism's dna and are an important driver of diversity in populations? Choices: - adaptations - pathogens - evolutions - mutations A:
mutations
Q: Answer the following question given this paragraph: Global carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuel consumption and cement production. The black line represents all emission types combined. The colored lines show emissions from individual fossil fuels. Q: Fossil fuel consumption is a major contributor to global emissions of what gas? Choices: - oxygen - carbon monoxide - methane - carbon dioxide A:
A: carbon dioxide
Question: Answer the following question given this paragraph: wave functions can predict within a certain level of probability where an electron might be at any given time. The area where an electron is most likely to be found is called its orbital. Recall that the Bohr model depicts an atom's electron shell configuration. Within each electron shell are subshells, and each subshell has a specified number of orbitals containing electrons. While it is impossible to calculate exactly where an electron is located, scientists know that it is most probably located within its orbital path. Subshells are designated by the letter s, p, d, and f. The s subshell is spherical in shape and has one orbital. Principal shell 1n has only a single s orbital, which can hold two electrons. Principal shell 2n has one s and one p subshell, and can hold a total of eight electrons. The p subshell has three dumbbell-shaped orbitals, as illustrated in Figure 2.8. Subshells d and f have more complex shapes and contain five and seven orbitals, respectively. These are not shown in the illustration. Principal shell 3n has s, p, and d subshells and can hold 18 electrons. Principal shell 4n has s, p, d and f orbitals and can hold 32 electrons. Moving away from the nucleus, the number of electrons and orbitals found in the energy levels increases. Progressing from one atom to the next in the periodic table, the electron structure can be worked out by fitting an extra electron into the next available orbital. Q: What is the area where an electron is most likely to be found called? Choices: - neutron - proton - neucleus - orbital A:
Answer: orbital
*Question*
Answer the following question given this paragraph: Tides are daily changes in the level of ocean water. They are caused mainly by the pull of the Moon's gravity on Earth and its oceans. The Sun's gravity also influences tides. Q: What are daily changes in the level of ocean water called? Choices: - waves - floods - currents - tides A:
**Answer**
tides
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Answer the following question given this paragraph: Albedo is the amount of light reflected by a surface. Sea ice has an albedo of .85, meaning 85% of light is reflected back from its surface (and leaves the Earth) and 15% is absorbed and stays in the Earth; ice-free water has an albedo of .07. (93% of the solar energy is absorbed. ) Thus the observed melting of sea ice could amplify the effect of global warming. Q: What is the scientific term for the amount of light reflected by a surface? Choices: - prism - inversion - reactivity - albedo A:
**Answer**
albedo