In this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.

of the government so recognized from the commencement of its existence." Oetjen v. Cent. Leather Co., 246 U.S. 297, 303, 38 S.Ct. 309, 62 L.Ed. 726 (1918); see also Banco Nacional de Cuba v. Sabbatino, 376 U.S. 398, 417, 84 S.Ct. 923, 11 L.Ed.2d 804 (1964) ("established rule" is that "recognition operates retroactively to validate past acts"); United States v. Pink, 315 U.S. 203, 233, 62 S.Ct. 552, 86 L.Ed. 796 (1942) (recognition is retroactive in effect); United States v. Belmont, 301 U.S. 324, 328-330, 57 S.Ct. 758, 81 L.Ed. 1134 (1937) (recognition is retroactive). Further, the FSIA itself is retroactive in application and applies to actions of foreign sovereigns prior to the passage of the FSIA. Republic of Austria v. Altmann, 541 U.S. 677, 124 S.Ct. 2240, 159 L.Ed.2d 1, (2004) (<HOLDING>). Consequently, the FSIA would apply to all
Holding statements: (A) holding that the fsia applied retroactively to actions of the austrian government in 1948 (B) holding that kotecki limit applied retroactively (C) holding the fourteenth amendment does not apply to the actions of the federal government (D) holding the batson rule was not to be applied retroactively to a state conviction on federal habeas review (E) recognizing the objection requirement for new state constitutional rules applied retroactively
(A)

policy, (DE 50, pg. 35), count 6 of the amended complaint is a claim for rescission of the life insurance policies based on "the brokers" fraudulent actions allegedly committed in violation of the brokerage agreements. (DE 50, pg. 33-34). This Court therefore RECOMMENDS that the District Court GRANT the Mo tion to Compel Arbitration as to Defendants Richardson and LBEG. See Provident Bank, 141 F.Supp.2d at 313-314 (granting motion to compel arbitration of claims including fraud, breach of fiduciary-duty, negligence, and rescission where arbitration clause provided that all disputes 'arising out of the agreement were to be settled by arbitration, and because all the claims arose out of alleged breaches of duty imposed by the parties' loan agreement); Sease, 697 F.Supp. at 1192-1193 (<HOLDING>) (citing Shearson Hayden Stone, Inc., 671 F.2d
Holding statements: (A) holding that claims of breach of fiduciary duty negligence and fraud were subject to arbitration in light of broad arbitration clause which called for arbitration of any controversy arising out of or relating to this agreement breach thereof or any aecounts (B) holding that trial court properly denied motion to compel arbitration of claims for fraud and unfair and deceptive trade practices because arbitration clause in agreement only applied to indemnification claims and there were no other arbitration clauses in agreement (C) holding that a clause covering any controversy or claim related directly or indirectly to this agreement was a broad arbitration clause (D) holding that a clause requiring arbitration of any controversy or claim that shall arise out of this agreement or the breach thereof was sufficiently broad to cover a 1934 securities act claim involving fraudulent misrepresentation (E) holding that the language of the arbitration clause any controversy or claim arising out of was broad enough to encompass the plaintiffs claim alleging fraud in the inducement of the contract
(A)

omitted) ]. Thus, the Debtor is collaterally estopped from arguing that the Probate Judgment is dischargeable because it does not give rise to a right of recoupment. Attorney's Fees The Trust Plaintiffs also argue that the obligations represented by the Fee Judgment and the Appellate Fee Judgment are nondischargeable. Attorney's fees and costs constitute a debt under 11 U.S.C. 523 when they "result from" the debtor's conduct underlying the debt. Cohen v. de la Cruz, 523 U.S. 213, 118 S.Ct. 1212, 140 L.Ed.2d 341 (1998). Therefore, when a debt is nondischargeable pursuant to 11 U.S.C. 523(a), the attorney's fees and costs associated with that debt are likewise nondischargeable. See, e.g., K & K Ins. Group, Inc. v. Houston (In re Houston), 305 B.R. 111, 116 (Bankr.M.D.Fla.2003) (<HOLDING>); USAA Cas. Ins. Co. v. Auffant (In re
Holding statements: (A) holding that when a state court judgment was found not to be dischargeable under 11 usc 523a6 the associated attorneys fees were also not dischargeable (B) holding that state university violated 11 usc 362 and 525 by withholding debtors transcript where debt was dischargeable (C) holding 525 applies only where debt dischargeable (D) holding that if both willful and malicious are not met the debt is dischargeable (E) holding that fees should not be awarded where plaintiff also argued a claim under 523a6
(A)