instruction:
Given a passage with a context and an answer, construct a question on the basis of the information present in the passage. Construct the question in such a way that (i) it is unambiguous, (ii) it is answerable from the passage, (iii) its answer is unique (iv) it answer uses text phrases from the passage. Avoid creating questions that (i) can't be answered correctly without actually understanding the passage and (ii) uses the same words or phrases given in the passage.
question:
Context: Current knowledge of the potential effects that several dietary lipids exert on immune functions indicates that these substances participate actively in the modulation of immune system by which they contribute to the improvement of the conditions of patients suffering from inflammatory disorders. However, long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids induce an immunosuppressive status that leads to a reduction of the host natural resistance to infectious agents as well as to an enhancement of oxidative damage. Hence, the present study has been designed to evaluate the effects on the immune system of the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) in mice fed dietary lipids and infected with Listeria monocytogenes.', 'Balb/c mice were fed for 4 weeks with diets containing either olive oil (OO, 20% by weight), fish oil (FO, 20% by weight) or hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO, 20% by weight). After dietary lipid administration mice were experimentally infected with L. monocytogenes or treated with NAC (25mg/ml intraperitoneally).', 'NAC at a concentration of 1mM promoted a loss of cell viability, although no differences were observed among the four groups. After injection of NAC in combination with L. monocytogenes, 25% of mice fed a low-fat (LF) diet survived. However, in the groups fed dietary lipids no effect on survival of mice was found. NAC participated in the reduction of superoxide anion generation measured with nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) in the group fed a FO diet. Finally, NAC reduced the recovery of L. monocytogenes from spleen of mice fed diets containing LF or HCO.
Answer: On the basis of these results, we can confirm that the administration of NAC improves survival in mice fed LF diet, whereas a reduction in the generation of superoxide radicals was measured in mice fed a FO diet and infected with L. monocytogenes. Similarly, bacterial recovery was diminished in mice fed diets containing LF or HCO. Hence, these data reveal a beneficial effect of NAC in mice fed LF or HCO and a detrimental action of this antioxidant in mice fed diets containing FO or OO.
answer:
Do anti-oxidant properties of N-acetyl-L-cysteine improve the immune resistance of mice fed dietary lipids to Listeria monocytogenes infection?

question:
Context: To compare the frequency of Pap test results in a prospective series of direct to vial ThinPrep tests to a cohort of conventionally prepared tests. To follow-up all test results for a minimum of 2 years and assess performance based on this outcome.', 'All women presenting for either routine screening or colposcopic examination in 2001 were enrolled in the ThinPrep cohort. A similar, population of conventionally prepared tests was extracted from the year 2000 laboratory data. Information on all concurrent and follow-up cervical specimens over the ensuing 2 years was retrieved.', 'The ThinPrep cohort comprised 2288 Pap tests and the conventional, 2211. The frequency of normal [within normal limits (WNL) and benign cellular changes (BCC)] results in the ThinPrep cohort was 6% lower and the frequency of abnormal [> or =atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS)] results was 6.8% higher. Respective ThinPrep and conventional cohort results were 1156 (51%) and 1291 (58%) WNL, 625 (27%) and 561 (25%) BCC, 101 (4%) and 65 (3%) ASCUS, 21 (1%) and 2 (0.1%) atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance, 301 (13%) and 224 (10%) low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and 74 (3%) and 40 (2%) high-grade SIL (HSIL) (P < 0.0001). Follow-up was available for nearly 80% of each cohort. LSIL or higher was confirmed in 57.5% (n = 266) of the abnormal ThinPrep and 60.9% (n = 190) of the abnormal conventional tests. The ThinPrep yield of confirmed tests however was almost 50% higher than the conventional test.
Answer: In this population, ThinPrep was superior to the conventional Pap test.
answer:
Does comparative study of the ThinPrep Pap test and conventional cytology result in a Canadian cohort?

question:
Context: Recently, a considerable amount of evidence suggested that anxiety, depression and other psychosocial variables might influence the outcomes of cardiac surgery. This study investigated the relationship between length of stay at the intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital after surgery and different psychosocial variables (e.g. depression, anxiety, self rated health, happiness, satisfaction).', 'We enrolled prospective patients who were waiting for elective cardiac surgery (N=267) and consented to take part in the study. We collected data of sociodemographic, medical and perioperative factors as well as psychosocial questionnaires completed 1.56days (standard deviation [SD]=0.7) before surgery. The primary clinical endpoint was an ICU stay of at least 3days and the secondary was hospital stay of at least 10days.', 'Two hundred sixty-seven patients participated in this study. Four patients (1.5%) died in the hospital and 38 patients (14.5%) spent more than 3days in the ICU and 62 patients (23.2%) spent more than 10days in the hospital. After controlling for medical and sociodemographic factors, lower self rated health (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]: 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.28-0.95; p=0.03), lower rate of happiness (AOR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.59-0.97, p=0.03), postoperative cardiac failure (AOR: 7.09, 95% CI:1.21-41.54; p=0.03) and postoperative complications (AOR: 9.52, 95% CI: 3.76-24.11; p<0.001) were associated with longer ICU stay. More than 10days of hospital stay was associated with higher occurrence of COPD (AOR 4.56, CI: 1.95-10.67, p<0.001), NYHA stage (AOR 6.76, CI: 2.57-17.79, p<0.001), operation time (AOR 1.45, CI: 1.19-1.76, p<0.001), female gender (AOR 2.16, CI: 1.06-4.40, p=0.034) and lower self-rated health (AOR 0.63, CI: 0.41-0.99, p=0.044).
Answer: Lower happiness and self-rated health may influence the outcome of cardiac surgery. Therefore, these variables should be assessed in patients.
answer:
Is self-rated health associated with the length of stay at the intensive care unit and hospital following cardiac surgery?