In this task, you are given a passage which has a question and the context. You have to generate an answer to the question based on the information present in the context.
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Question: Context: B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) correlates with cardiac filling pressures and outcomes in patients with heart failure. In heart transplant recipients, we hypothesize that a within-individual change in BNP over time would be more helpful than absolute BNP in detecting International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) grade 2R or greater rejection.', 'N-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP) levels were measured in 146 consecutive transplant recipients undergoing routine endomyocardial biopsies. In the cross-sectional analysis, multiple observations per individual were accounted for using generalized estimation equations.', "A cross-sectional analysis demonstrated a weak association between NT-proBNP levels and rejection, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.01 for every 100-pg/mL increase in NT-proBNP (p = 0.02). However, with a doubling of an individual's NT-proBNP level, the OR for significant rejection was 2.9 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-7.0), the OR with a 5-fold increase was 9.1 (95% CI, 2.7-31.5), and the OR with a 10-fold increase was 27.7 (95% CI, 5.9-129). A 10-fold increase in NT-proBNP offered a negative predictive value of 95% for the diagnosis of rejection. The relationship between within-individual increases in NT-proBNP and rejection persisted after adjusting for a fall in ejection fraction and a rise pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, and was a stronger predictor than changes in these parameters.\Question: Does the change in B-type natriuretic peptide levels over time predict significant rejection in cardiac transplant recipients?

Answer: There is a strong, graded relationship between the within-individual increase in NT-proBNP and the odds of significant rejection independent of hemodynamic parameters. These results suggest that the change in NT-proBNP rather than absolute BNP levels may offer a non-invasive approach to detect rejection.

Question: Context: Ascent to high altitude leads to a reduction in ambient pressure and a subsequent fall in available oxygen. The resulting hypoxia can lead to elevated pulmonary artery (PA) pressure, capillary stress, and an increase in interstitial fluid. This fluid can be assessed on lung ultrasound (LUS) by the presence of B-lines. We undertook a chamber and field study to assess the impact of high-intensity exercise in hypoxia on the development of pulmonary interstitial edema in healthy lowlanders.', 'Thirteen volunteers completed a high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) test at sea level, in acute normobaric hypoxia (12% O2, approximately 4090 m equivalent altitude), and in hypobaric hypoxia during a field study at 4090 m after 6 days of acclimatization. Pulmonary interstitial edema was assessed by the evaluation of LUS B-lines.', 'After HIIE, no increase in B-lines was seen in normoxia, and a small increase was seen in acute normobaric hypoxia (2 2; P < .05). During the field study at 4090 m, 12 participants (92%) demonstrated 7 4 B-lines at rest, which increased to 17 5 immediately after the exercise test (P < .001). An increase was evident in all participants. There was a reciprocal fall in peripheral arterial oxygen saturations (Spo2) after exercise from 88% 4% to 80% 8% (P < .01). B-lines and Spo2 in all participants returned to baseline levels within 4 hours.\Question: Does high-intensity intermittent exercise increase pulmonary interstitial edema at altitude but not at simulated altitude?

Answer: HIIE led to an increase in B-lines at altitude after subacute exposure but not during acute exposure at equivalent simulated altitude. This may indicate pulmonary interstitial edema.

Question: Context: Bronchial asthma is characterized by infiltration of eosinophils and other inflammatory cells into the airways. Binding to adhesion molecules expressed on endothelial cells is an initial step of eosinophil accumulation in the airways of asthmatic patients. Theophylline has been widely used in the treatment of bronchial asthma mainly due to its bronchodilating effect. It has recently been suggested that theophylline induces modulating effects on the survival or functional status of eosinophils. The objective of this study was to determine whether theophylline modifies the adhesive interaction between eosinophils and endothelial cells.', 'Eosinophils were isolated from blood of patients with mild asthma. The effects of theophylline on eosinophil adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) or recombinant adhesion proteins were evaluated. The effect of theophylline on the expression of adhesion molecules on HUVEC was also examined.', "Theophylline significantly inhibited the eosinophil adhesion induced by formyl-methionyl-leucil-phenylalanine (FMLP) or interleukine-5 (IL-5) at a concentration within the therapeutic range. The effect of theophylline on eosinophil adhesion was mimicked by rolipram, a selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, and N6,2'-O-dibutyladenosine 3'5'-cyclic monophosphate (Db-cAMP; cAMP analogue). Finally, theophylline inhibited the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on HUVEC stimulated with IL-4 plus TNF-alpha.\Question: Does theophylline attenuate the adhesion of eosinophils to endothelial cells?

Answer:
Theophylline showed inhibitory effects on both the adhesive property of eosinophils and the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells, thus suggesting that theophylline attenuates the adhesive interaction between eosinophils and endothelial cells.