Problem: S1: Some commercial microwave noise generators use Avalanche diodes to create a large excess noise that can be switched on and off .
S2: Some commercial microwave noise generators use avalanche diodes to create a large excess noise figure that can be turned off and on .

Do S1 & S2 convey the same information?

A: yes

Problem: S1: Wu Sangui ( died 1644 ) was a general of the Ming Dynasty and the father of Wu Xiang .
S2: Wu Sangui ( died 1644 ) was a general of the Ming dynasty and father of Wu Xiang .

Do S1 & S2 convey the same information?

A: yes

Problem: S1: In 1955 , this became the Central Electricity Generating Board , which in turn became the Central Electricity Authority in 1957 .
S2: In 1955 , the company became the Central Electricity Authority , which in turn became the Central Electricity Generating Board in 1957 .

Do S1 & S2 convey the same information?

A:
no