In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

This scientist discovered butylene and the correct formula for ether. The son of a weaver who took charge of a Quaker school at age 12, much of his early work focused on studies of the atmosphere, where he developed his characteristic distrust of other scientists' work and obsession with detailed record-keeping by means of a scientific diary. Determining that rain is due to changes in temperature, his interest in the atmosphere led to his studies in chemistry, detailed in his work "New System of Chemical Philosophy", where he deduced what would become known as Charles' Law, as well as the laws of multiple proportions and the law of partial pressures. FTP, who was this English chemist who proposed the theory of atoms
Science