Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.

A protein associated with this molecule is compartmentalized by AKAP. This molecule names the regulatory sequence TGACGTCA. In olfactory sensory neurons, this molecule causes a depolarizing flux of sodium and calcium ions by activating CNG channels. Most of the effects of this molecule are mediated by a certain kinase to whose two regulatory units it binds, releasing its two catalytic subunits; that kinase is protein kinase A. In the liver and muscle, its formation stimulated by epinephrine, which enhances glycogenolysis. Like a related molecule that contains guanosine, it is cleaved by phosphodiesterases. It was discovered by Earl Sutherland. For 10 points, name this secondary messenger that is synthesized from ATP by adenylyl cyclase.
Science