Choudhury Dharam Singh Rathi vs The State Of Punjab And Others on 25 November, 1957 Equivalent citations: 1958 AIR 152, 1958 SCR 998, AIR 1958 SUPREME COURT 152, 1957 SCC 513, 1958 SCR 996, 1958 ALLCRIR 289, 1958 SCJ 425, 1958 MADLJ(CRI) 409 Bench: S.K. Das, P.B. Gajendragadkar, A.K. Sarkar PETITIONER: CHOUDHURY DHARAM SINGH RATHI Vs. RESPONDENT: THE STATE OF PUNJAB AND OTHERS DATE OF JUDGMENT: 25/11/1957 BENCH: DAS, SUDHI RANJAN (CJ) BENCH: DAS, SUDHI RANJAN (CJ) AIYYAR, T.L. VENKATARAMA DAS, S.K. GAJENDRAGADKAR, P.B. SARKAR, A.K. CITATION: 1958 AIR 152 1958 SCR 998 ACT: Preventive Detention--Failure of the Advisory Board to submit its report within time--Effect-Detenu, if must be set at liberty--Preventive Detention Act (No. IV of 1950), ss. 10, 11. HEADNOTE: Submission of its report by the Advisory Board under s. 10 of the Preventive Detention Act within the time prescribed by that section is of the utmost importance to the detenu and if the Board fails to do so any further detention beyond that period becomes unlawful. Consequently, where the case of the detenu was that the Advisory Board had not submitted its report within ten weeks of his detention and his detention thereafter had, Choudhury Dharam Singh Rathi vs The State Of Punjab And Others on 25 November, 1957  1 therefore, become illegal and no attempt was made on behalf of the Government to controvert that case in the counter- affidavits filed on its behalf, the detenu must be set at liberty. JUDGMENT: ORIGINAL JURRISDICTION: Petition No. 135 of 1957. (Under Article 32 of the Constitution for a writ in the nature of habeas corpus) N. C. Chatterjee and Naunit Lal, for the petitioner. N. S. Bindra and T. M. Sen, for the respondents. 1957. November 25. The following Judgment of the Court was delivered by DAS, C. J.-This is an application for a writ in the nature of habeas corputs filed by the petitioner who was detained by an order made by the District Magistrate, Karnal under s. 3 of the Preventive Detention Act on the August 18, 1957, and which was approved by the State Government on August 29, 1957. In para 10(xii) of his petition the petitioner stated' that he made representations before the Advisory Board and personally appeared twice before it, but the Board had not yet passed any order and he Contends that his detention has become illegal and bad. Under s. 10 of the Preventive Detention Act, the Advisory Board is enjoined, after going through the procedure therein laid down, to make its report to the State Government within ten weeks from the date of the detention. On the report being made the State Government has to take steps under s. II of the Act. If the report is against the detention the Government has no option but must release the detenu forthwith. In such a case the delay in the submission of the report may result in prolonging the detention beyond the period signified by the expression " forthwith " occurring in s. 11 read with s. 10. On the other hand if the report approves of the detention the Government may but is not bound to continue the detention and if it does decide to continue the detention, it has to fix the period of such detention. In this case also the delay in the submission of the report deprives the detenu of the advantage of a fresh decision by the State Government about the continuation of his detention. It, therefore, follows that in either case the making of the report within the time prescribed by law is of the utmost importance to the detenu and the failure to make the report in time may quite conceivably have the effect of unlawfully prolonging the detention and, therefore, after the expiry of the ten weeks the detenu may well complain that he has been deprived of his personal liberty otherwise than in accordance with procedure established by law. The ten weeks' time within which the report of the Advisory Board was to be filed in this case expired on October 27, 1957. This Petition was filed on November 8, 1957. The detenu may well complain that on and from October 28, 1957, his detention has become illegal and bad and that, in substance, is what he has said in para. 10(xii) of his petition. Learned counsel appearing on behalf of the State has submitted that there is no allegation in the petition that the Board has not submitted its report and that all that has been said is that the Board has not made any order. Says learned counsel that if the petitioner had stated that the Board had not submitted its report the State Government could then be expected to deal with that allegation. Under s. 10 of the Act the Board has no power to make any order to continue or discontinue the detention, but is only under a duty to submit its report to the State Government. In ;this context, therefore, a plain reading of para. 10(xii) indicates that the grievance of the petitioner, in subtance, Choudhury Dharam Singh Rathi vs The State Of Punjab And Others on 25 November, 1957  2 is that the Board has -not submitted its report within the prescribed period and that, therefore, his detention has become illegal. Learned counsel appearing for the State wanted time to ascertain whether the report had been submitted within the time. We do not think in the circumstances of this case any adjournment should be given. The allegation was definitely made in the petition that the Board had not done its-duty and the detention was on that account characterised as illegal and bad but this paragraph has not at all been dealt with in either of the two affidavits in opposition that have been filed. There was no scope for any misunderstanding about the petitioner's case. In these circumstances, we are of opinion that no good reason has been shown why any adjournment should be granted. In the view we have taken on the effect of the noncompliance with the procedure laid down in s. 10 of the Act. it is not necessary for us to go into the other points raised in the petition. We, therefore, direct that a writ be issued as prayed for and the petitioner be set at liberty forthwith. Writ issued. Petitioner set at liberty. Choudhury Dharam Singh Rathi vs The State Of Punjab And Others on 25 November, 1957  3