psui3905/ncbi_genes_summary huggingface dataset:
CCER2, Official Symbol CCER2provided by HGNC Official Full Name coiled-coil glutamate rich protein 2provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:44662 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000262484 MIM:617634; AllianceGenome:HGNC:44662 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status VALIDATED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Summary Predicted to be located in extracellular region. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022] Expression Low expression observed in reference dataset See more Orthologs mouse all
CCHCR1, Official Symbol CCHCR1provided by HGNC Official Full Name coiled-coil alpha-helical rod protein 1provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:13930 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000204536 MIM:605310; AllianceGenome:HGNC:13930 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as HCR; SBP; pg8; C6orf18 Summary This gene encodes a protein with five coiled-coil alpha-helical rod domains that is thought to act as a regulator of mRNA metabolism through its interaction with mRNA-decapping protein 4. It localizes to P-bodies, the site of mRNA metabolism, with an N-terminus that is required for this subcellular localization, suggesting it is a P-body component. Naturally occurring mutations in this gene are associated with psoriasis. [provided by RefSeq, May 2017] Annotation information Note: This gene has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is locus in the vicinity of disease-associated variant(s). Expression Broad expression in testis (RPKM 37.2), prostate (RPKM 4.5) and 18 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCIN, Official Symbol CCINprovided by HGNC Official Full Name calicinprovided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:1568 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000185972 MIM:603960; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1568 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as BTBD20; KBTBD14 Summary The protein encoded by this gene is a basic protein of the sperm head cytoskeleton. This protein contains kelch repeats and a BTB/POZ domain and is necessary for normal morphology during sperm differentiation. This gene is intronless. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] Orthologs mouse all
CCK, Official Symbol CCKprovided by HGNC Official Full Name cholecystokininprovided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:1569 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000187094 MIM:118440; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1569 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Summary This gene encodes a member of the gastrin/cholecystokinin family of proteins. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate multiple protein products, including the peptide hormones cholecystokinin-8, -12, -33, and others. The encoded peptides have been shown to regulate gastric acid secretion and food intake. A sulfated form of cholecystokinin-8 may modulate neuronal activity in the brain. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015] Expression Biased expression in duodenum (RPKM 21.7), brain (RPKM 20.3) and 2 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCKAR, Official Symbol CCKARprovided by HGNC Official Full Name cholecystokinin A receptorprovided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:1570 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000163394 MIM:118444; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1570 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as CCK-A; CCK1R; CCKRA; CCK-1R; CCK1-R Summary This gene encodes a G-protein coupled receptor that binds non-sulfated members of the cholecystokinin (CCK) family of peptide hormones. This receptor is a major physiologic mediator of pancreatic enzyme secretion and smooth muscle contraction of the gallbladder and stomach. In the central and peripheral nervous system this receptor regulates satiety and the release of beta-endorphin and dopamine. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] Expression Biased expression in gall bladder (RPKM 17.2) and stomach (RPKM 6.8) See more Orthologs mouse all
CCKBR, Official Symbol CCKBRprovided by HGNC Official Full Name cholecystokinin B receptorprovided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:1571 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000110148 MIM:118445; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1571 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as GASR; CCK-B; CCK2R; CCK-2R Summary This gene encodes a G-protein coupled receptor for gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK), regulatory peptides of the brain and gastrointestinal tract. This protein is a type B gastrin receptor, which has a high affinity for both sulfated and nonsulfated CCK analogs and is found principally in the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A misspliced transcript variant including an intron has been observed in cells from colorectal and pancreatic tumors. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015] Expression Biased expression in stomach (RPKM 4.6), brain (RPKM 2.9) and 2 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCL1, Official Symbol CCL1provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 1provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10609 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000108702 MIM:182281; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10609 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as P500; SISe; TCA3; I-309; SCYA1 Summary This antimicrobial gene is one of several chemokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines form a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based on the arrangement of the N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine, a member of the CC subfamily, is secreted by activated T cells and displays chemotactic activity for monocytes but not for neutrophils. It binds to the chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 8. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014] Expression Low expression observed in reference dataset See more Orthologs mouse all
CCL11, Official Symbol CCL11provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 11provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10610 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000172156 MIM:601156; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10610 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as SCYA11 Summary This antimicrobial gene is one of several chemokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines form a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based on the arrangement of the N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine, a member of the CC subfamily, displays chemotactic activity for eosinophils, but not mononuclear cells or neutrophils. This eosinophil-specific chemokine is thought to be involved in eosinophilic inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma and parasitic infections. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014] Expression Biased expression in appendix (RPKM 20.0), small intestine (RPKM 18.8) and 9 other tissues See more Orthologs all
CCL13, Official Symbol CCL13provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 13provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10611 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000181374 MIM:601391; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10611 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as NCC1; CKb10; MCP-4; NCC-1; SCYL1; SCYA13 Summary This antimicrobial gene is one of several Cys-Cys (CC) cytokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The cytokine encoded by this gene displays chemotactic activity for monocytes, lymphocytes, basophils and eosinophils, but not neutrophils. This chemokine plays a role in accumulation of leukocytes during inflammation. It may also be involved in the recruitment of monocytes into the arterial wall during artherosclerosis. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014] Expression Broad expression in colon (RPKM 14.2), small intestine (RPKM 11.9) and 14 other tissues See more Orthologs all
CCL14, Official Symbol CCL14provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 14provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10612 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000276409 MIM:601392; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10612 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as CC-1; CC-3; CKB1; MCIF; NCC2; SY14; HCC-1; HCC-3; NCC-2; SCYL2; SCYA14; HCC-1(1-74); HCC-1/HCC-3 Summary This gene, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 14, is one of several CC cytokine genes clustered on 17q11.2. The CC cytokines are secreted proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The cytokine encoded by this gene induces changes in intracellular calcium concentration and enzyme release in monocytes. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Read-through transcripts are also expressed that include exons from the upstream cytokine gene, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 15, and are represented as GeneID: 348249. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2009] Expression Broad expression in spleen (RPKM 229.5), fat (RPKM 134.4) and 15 other tissues See more Orthologs all
CCL15, Official Symbol CCL15provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 15provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10613 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000275718 MIM:601393; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10613 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as LKN1; NCC3; SY15; HCC-2; LKN-1; MIP-5; NCC-3; SCYL3; MIP-1D; MRP-2B; SCYA15; HMRP-2B; MIP-1 delta Summary This gene is located in a cluster of similar genes in the same region of chromosome 17. These genes encode CC cytokines, which are secreted proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The product of this gene is chemotactic for T cells and monocytes, and acts through C-C chemokine receptor type 1 (CCR1). The proprotein is further processed into numerous smaller functional peptides. Naturally-occurring readthrough transcripts occur from this gene into the downstream gene, CCL14 (chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 14). [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013] Expression Biased expression in colon (RPKM 21.9), small intestine (RPKM 21.7) and 6 other tissues See more Orthologs all
CCL16, Official Symbol CCL16provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 16provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10614 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000275152 MIM:601394; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10614 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as LEC; LMC; NCC4; CKb12; HCC-4; LCC-1; Mtn-1; NCC-4; SCYL4; ILINCK; SCYA16 Summary This gene is one of several cytokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The cytokine encoded by this gene displays chemotactic activity for lymphocytes and monocytes but not for neutrophils. This cytokine also shows a potent myelosuppressive activity and suppresses proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells. The expression of this gene is upregulated by IL-10. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] Expression Biased expression in liver (RPKM 21.1) and spleen (RPKM 0.6) See more Orthologs all
CCL17, Official Symbol CCL17provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 17provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10615 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000102970 MIM:601520; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10615 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as TARC; ABCD-2; SCYA17; A-152E5.3 Summary This antimicrobial gene is one of several Cys-Cys (CC) cytokine genes clustered on the q arm of chromosome 16. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The cytokine encoded by this gene displays chemotactic activity for T lymphocytes, but not monocytes or granulocytes. The product of this gene binds to chemokine receptors CCR4 and CCR8. This chemokine plays important roles in T cell development in thymus as well as in trafficking and activation of mature T cells. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014] Expression Biased expression in appendix (RPKM 2.1), lymph node (RPKM 1.4) and 13 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCL18, Official Symbol CCL18provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 18provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10616 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000275385 MIM:603757; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10616 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as CKb7; PARC; AMAC1; DCCK1; MIP-4; AMAC-1; DC-CK1; SCYA18 Summary This antimicrobial gene is one of several Cys-Cys (CC) cytokine genes clustered on the q arm of chromosome 17. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The cytokine encoded by this gene displays chemotactic activity for naive T cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and nonactivated lymphocytes, but not for monocytes or granulocytes. This chemokine attracts naive T lymphocytes toward dendritic cells and activated macrophages in lymph nodes. It may play a role in both humoral and cell-mediated immunity responses. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014] Expression Biased expression in lung (RPKM 88.7), lymph node (RPKM 45.6) and 9 other tissues See more Orthologs all
CCL19, Official Symbol CCL19provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 19provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10617 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000172724 MIM:602227; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10617 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as ELC; CKb11; MIP3B; MIP-3b; SCYA19 Summary This antimicrobial gene is one of several CC cytokine genes clustered on the p-arm of chromosome 9. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The cytokine encoded by this gene may play a role in normal lymphocyte recirculation and homing. It also plays an important role in trafficking of T cells in thymus, and in T cell and B cell migration to secondary lymphoid organs. It specifically binds to chemokine receptor CCR7. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014] Expression Biased expression in appendix (RPKM 274.6), lymph node (RPKM 208.4) and 5 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCL2, Official Symbol CCL2provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 2provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10618 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000108691 MIM:158105; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10618 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as HC11; MCAF; MCP1; MCP-1; SCYA2; GDCF-2; SMC-CF; HSMCR30 Summary This gene is one of several cytokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines are a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based on the arrangement of N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine is a member of the CC subfamily which is characterized by two adjacent cysteine residues. This cytokine displays chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not for neutrophils or eosinophils. It has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. It binds to chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR4. Elevated expression of the encoded protein is associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS&#8208;CoV&#8208;2) infection. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2020] Annotation information Note: This gene has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is involved in cytokine storm inflammatory response. Expression Ubiquitous expression in gall bladder (RPKM 117.6), appendix (RPKM 92.3) and 23 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCL20, Official Symbol CCL20provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 20provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10619 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000115009 MIM:601960; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10619 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as CKb4; LARC; ST38; MIP3A; Exodus; MIP-3a; SCYA20; MIP-3-alpha Summary This antimicrobial gene belongs to the subfamily of small cytokine CC genes. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The protein encoded by this gene displays chemotactic activity for lymphocytes and can repress proliferation of myeloid progenitors. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014] Expression Biased expression in gall bladder (RPKM 83.4), urinary bladder (RPKM 31.6) and 7 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCL21, Official Symbol CCL21provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 21provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10620 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000137077 MIM:602737; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10620 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as ECL; SLC; CKb9; TCA4; 6Ckine; SCYA21 Summary This antimicrobial gene is one of several CC cytokine genes clustered on the p-arm of chromosome 9. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. Similar to other chemokines the protein encoded by this gene inhibits hemopoiesis and stimulates chemotaxis. This protein is chemotactic in vitro for thymocytes and activated T cells, but not for B cells, macrophages, or neutrophils. The cytokine encoded by this gene may also play a role in mediating homing of lymphocytes to secondary lymphoid organs. It is a high affinity functional ligand for chemokine receptor 7 that is expressed on T and B lymphocytes and a known receptor for another member of the cytokine family (small inducible cytokine A19). [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014] Expression Biased expression in lymph node (RPKM 1020.3), spleen (RPKM 170.8) and 2 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCL22, Official Symbol CCL22provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 22provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10621 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000102962 MIM:602957; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10621 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as MDC; ABCD-1; SCYA22; STCP-1; DC/B-CK; A-152E5.1 Summary This antimicrobial gene is one of several Cys-Cys (CC) cytokine genes clustered on the q arm of chromosome 16. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The cytokine encoded by this gene displays chemotactic activity for monocytes, dendritic cells, natural killer cells and for chronically activated T lymphocytes. It also displays a mild activity for primary activated T lymphocytes and has no chemoattractant activity for neutrophils, eosinophils and resting T lymphocytes. The product of this gene binds to chemokine receptor CCR4. This chemokine may play a role in the trafficking of activated T lymphocytes to inflammatory sites and other aspects of activated T lymphocyte physiology. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014] Expression Biased expression in appendix (RPKM 7.9), lymph node (RPKM 2.9) and 10 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCL23, Official Symbol CCL23provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 23provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10622 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000274736 MIM:602494; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10622 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as CKb8; MIP3; Ckb-8; MIP-3; MPIF-1; SCYA23; Ckb-8-1; hmrp-2a; CK-BETA-8 Summary This gene is one of several chemokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines form a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based on the arrangement of the N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine, a member of the CC subfamily, displays chemotactic activity on resting T lymphocytes and monocytes, lower activity on neutrophils and no activity on activated T lymphocytes. The protein is also a strong suppressor of colony formation by a multipotential hematopoietic progenitor cell line. In addition, the product of this gene is a potent agonist of the chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013] Expression Broad expression in appendix (RPKM 3.6), lung (RPKM 2.2) and 15 other tissues See more Orthologs all
CCL24, Official Symbol CCL24provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 24provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10623 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000106178 MIM:602495; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10623 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as Ckb-6; MPIF2; MPIF-2; SCYA24 Summary This gene belongs to the subfamily of small cytokine CC genes. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The cytokine encoded by this gene displays chemotactic activity on resting T lymphocytes, a minimal activity on neutrophils, and is negative on monocytes and activated T lymphocytes. This protein also has antimicrobial activity, displaying an antibacterial effect on S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, Non-typeable H. influenzae, and P. aeruginosa. Finally, the protein is a strong suppressor of colony formation by a multipotential hematopoietic progenitor cell line. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2020] Expression Biased expression in small intestine (RPKM 18.6), colon (RPKM 9.1) and 8 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCL25, Official Symbol CCL25provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 25provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10624 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000131142 MIM:602565; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10624 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as TECK; Ckb15; SCYA25; TECKvar; Ck beta-15 Summary This antimicrobial gene belongs to the subfamily of small cytokine CC genes. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The cytokine encoded by this gene displays chemotactic activity for dendritic cells, thymocytes, and activated macrophages but is inactive on peripheral blood lymphocytes and neutrophils. The product of this gene binds to chemokine receptor CCR9. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014] Expression Restricted expression toward small intestine (RPKM 203.4) See more Orthologs mouse all
CCL26, Official Symbol CCL26provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 26provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10625 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000006606 MIM:604697; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10625 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as IMAC; TSC-1; MIP-4a; SCYA26; MIP-4alpha Summary This gene is one of two Cys-Cys (CC) cytokine genes clustered on the q arm of chromosome 7. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The cytokine encoded by this gene displays chemotactic activity for normal peripheral blood eosinophils and basophils. This protein also has antimicrobial activity, displaying an antibacterial effect on S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, Non-typeable H. influenzae, and P. aeruginosa. The product of this gene is one of three related chemokines that specifically activate chemokine receptor CCR3. This chemokine may contribute to the eosinophil accumulation in atopic diseases. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2020] Expression Broad expression in ovary (RPKM 2.0), adrenal (RPKM 0.7) and 14 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCL27, Official Symbol CCL27provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 27provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10626 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000213927 MIM:604833; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10626 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as ALP; ILC; CTAK; CTACK; PESKY; ESKINE; SCYA27 Summary This gene is one of several CC cytokine genes clustered on the p-arm of chromosome 9. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The protein encoded by this gene is chemotactic for skin-associated memory T lymphocytes. This cytokine may also play a role in mediating homing of lymphocytes to cutaneous sites. It specifically binds to chemokine receptor 10 (CCR10). Studies of a similar murine protein indicate that these protein-receptor interactions have a pivotal role in T cell-mediated skin inflammation. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014] Expression Biased expression in skin (RPKM 77.8), spleen (RPKM 8.8) and 11 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCL28, Official Symbol CCL28provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 28provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:17700 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000151882 MIM:605240; AllianceGenome:HGNC:17700 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as MEC; CCK1; SCYA28 Summary This antimicrobial gene belongs to the subfamily of small cytokine CC genes. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The CC cytokines are proteins characterized by two adjacent cysteines. The cytokine encoded by this gene displays chemotactic activity for resting CD4 or CD8 T cells and eosinophils. The product of this gene binds to chemokine receptors CCR3 and CCR10. This chemokine may play a role in the physiology of extracutaneous epithelial tissues, including diverse mucosal organs. Multiple transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014] Expression Biased expression in salivary gland (RPKM 40.6), colon (RPKM 10.6) and 5 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCL3, Official Symbol CCL3provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 3provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10627 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000277632 MIM:182283; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10627 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as SCI; LD78; MIP1A; SCYA3; G0S19-1; LD78ALPHA; MIP-1-alpha Summary This locus represents a small inducible cytokine. The encoded protein, also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha, plays a role in inflammatory responses through binding to the receptors CCR1, CCR4 and CCR5. Polymorphisms at this locus may be associated with both resistance and susceptibility to infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2010] Annotation information Note: This gene has been reviewed for its involvement in coronavirus biology, and is involved in cytokine storm inflammatory response. Expression Biased expression in bone marrow (RPKM 81.4), liver (RPKM 17.1) and 10 other tissues See more Orthologs all
CCL3L1, Official Symbol CCL3L1provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 3 like 1provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10628 See related MIM:601395; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10628 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as LD78; 464.2; MIP1AP; SCYA3L; G0S19-2; SCYA3L1; D17S1718; LD78BETA; LD78-beta(1-70) Summary This gene is one of several cytokine genes that are clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins that function in inflammatory and immunoregulatory processes. The protein encoded by this gene binds to several chemokine receptors, including chemokine binding protein 2 and chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5). CCR5 is a co-receptor for HIV, and binding of this protein to CCR5 inhibits HIV entry. The copy number of this gene varies among individuals, where most individuals have one to six copies, and a minority of individuals have zero or more than six copies. There are conflicting reports about copy number variation of this gene and its correlation to disease susceptibility. This record represents one of two copies that are present on the ALT_REF_LOCI_2 alternate haplotype of the GRCh38 human reference genome assembly. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014] Annotation information Annotation category: only annotated on alternate loci in reference assembly
CCL4, Official Symbol CCL4provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 4provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10630 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000275302 MIM:182284; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10630 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as ACT2; G-26; HC21; LAG1; LAG-1; MIP1B; SCYA2; SCYA4; MIP1B1; AT744.1; MIP-1-beta Summary The protein encoded by this gene is a mitogen-inducible monokine and is one of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ T-cells. The encoded protein is secreted and has chemokinetic and inflammatory functions. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2012] Expression Broad expression in bone marrow (RPKM 61.4), liver (RPKM 36.1) and 18 other tissues See more Orthologs all
CCL4L2, Official Symbol CCL4L2provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 like 2provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:24066 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000276070 MIM:610757; AllianceGenome:HGNC:24066 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as CCL4L; SCYA4L; AT744.2; SCYQ4L2 Summary This gene is one of several cytokine genes that are clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins that function in inflammatory and immunoregulatory processes. The protein encoded by this family member is similar to the chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 product, which inhibits HIV entry by binding to the cellular receptor CCR5. The copy number of this gene varies among individuals, where most individuals have one to five copies. This gene copy contains a non-consensus splice acceptor site at the 3' terminal exon found in other highly similar gene copies, and it thus uses other alternative splice sites for the 3' terminal exon, resulting in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014] Annotation information Note: In NCBI's Homo sapiens Annotation Release 106, this GeneID (GeneID:388372) was annotated as the CCL4L2 gene copy of this chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4-like family member, while highly similar GeneID:9560 was annotated as the CCL4L1 gene copy. However, it has now been determined that these gene copies can be distinguished based on 3' terminal exon splice site usage, as described in PubMedID:15843566. Genomic sequence analysis at the annotated locations indicates that GeneID:388372 actually represents the CCL4L1 gene copy, while GeneID:9560 represents the CCL4L2 gene copy. The gene symbols have therefore been switched accordingly. The CCL4L1 gene copy is present only on the ALT_REF_LOCI_2 alternate haplotype of the GRCh38 human reference genome assembly, while the CCL4L2 gene copy is present on the primary chromosome 17 assembly (NC_000017.11) and on both the ALT_REF_LOCI_1 and ALT_REF_LOCI_2 alternate haplotypes. [17 Jun 2014] Expression Broad expression in bone marrow (RPKM 21.9), gall bladder (RPKM 7.0) and 15 other tissues See more Orthologs all
CCL5, Official Symbol CCL5provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 5provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10632 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000271503 MIM:187011; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10632 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as SISd; eoCP; SCYA5; RANTES; TCP228; D17S136E; SIS-delta Summary This gene is one of several chemokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines form a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based on the arrangement of the N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine, a member of the CC subfamily, functions as a chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T helper cells and eosinophils. It causes the release of histamine from basophils and activates eosinophils. This cytokine is one of the major HIV-suppressive factors produced by CD8+ cells. It functions as one of the natural ligands for the chemokine receptor chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5), and it suppresses in vitro replication of the R5 strains of HIV-1, which use CCR5 as a coreceptor. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that encode different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013] Expression Broad expression in spleen (RPKM 54.1), lymph node (RPKM 46.2) and 17 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCL7, Official Symbol CCL7provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 7provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10634 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000108688 MIM:158106; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10634 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as FIC; MARC; MCP3; NC28; MCP-3; SCYA6; SCYA7 Summary This gene encodes monocyte chemotactic protein 3, a secreted chemokine which attracts macrophages during inflammation and metastasis. It is a member of the C-C subfamily of chemokines which are characterized by having two adjacent cysteine residues. The protein is an in vivo substrate of matrix metalloproteinase 2, an enzyme which degrades components of the extracellular matrix. This gene is part of a cluster of C-C chemokine family members on chromosome 17q. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] Expression Biased expression in bone marrow (RPKM 6.7) and appendix (RPKM 1.6) See more Orthologs all
CCL8, Official Symbol CCL8provided by HGNC Official Full Name C-C motif chemokine ligand 8provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:10635 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000108700 MIM:602283; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10635 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as HC14; MCP2; MCP-2; SCYA8; SCYA10 Summary This antimicrobial gene is one of several chemokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines form a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based on the arrangement of N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine is a member of the CC subfamily which is characterized by two adjacent cysteine residues. This cytokine displays chemotactic activity for monocytes, lymphocytes, basophils and eosinophils. By recruiting leukocytes to sites of inflammation this cytokine may contribute to tumor-associated leukocyte infiltration and to the antiviral state against HIV infection. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014] Expression Broad expression in small intestine (RPKM 5.2), fat (RPKM 4.6) and 22 other tissues See more Orthologs all
CCM2, Official Symbol CCM2provided by HGNC Official Full Name CCM2 scaffold proteinprovided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:21708 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000136280 MIM:607929; AllianceGenome:HGNC:21708 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as OSM; C7orf22; PP10187 Summary This gene encodes a scaffold protein that functions in the stress-activated p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade. The protein interacts with SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (also known as SMURF1) via a phosphotyrosine binding domain to promote RhoA degradation. The protein is required for normal cytoskeletal structure, cell-cell interactions, and lumen formation in endothelial cells. Mutations in this gene result in cerebral cavernous malformations. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Nov 2009] Expression Ubiquitous expression in lymph node (RPKM 10.3), spleen (RPKM 8.5) and 25 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCM2L, Official Symbol CCM2Lprovided by HGNC Official Full Name CCM2 like scaffold proteinprovided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:16153 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000101331 AllianceGenome:HGNC:16153 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status VALIDATED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as C20orf160; dJ310O13.5 Summary Predicted to act upstream of or within several processes, including heart development; negative regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion; and positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor production. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022] Expression Biased expression in spleen (RPKM 38.8), fat (RPKM 5.9) and 2 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCN1, Official Symbol CCN1provided by HGNC Official Full Name cellular communication network factor 1provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:2654 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000142871 MIM:602369; AllianceGenome:HGNC:2654 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as GIG1; CYR61; IGFBP10 Summary The secreted protein encoded by this gene is growth factor-inducible and promotes the adhesion of endothelial cells. The encoded protein interacts with several integrins and with heparan sulfate proteoglycan. This protein also plays a role in cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix formation. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011] Expression Broad expression in gall bladder (RPKM 285.2), spleen (RPKM 216.9) and 20 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCN2, Official Symbol CCN2provided by HGNC Official Full Name cellular communication network factor 2provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:2500 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000118523 MIM:121009; AllianceGenome:HGNC:2500 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as CTGF; NOV2; HCS24; IBP-8; IGFBP8 Summary The protein encoded by this gene is a mitogen that is secreted by vascular endothelial cells. The encoded protein plays a role in chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation, cell adhesion in many cell types, and is related to platelet-derived growth factor. Certain polymorphisms in this gene have been linked with a higher incidence of systemic sclerosis. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2009] Expression Broad expression in spleen (RPKM 355.2), gall bladder (RPKM 303.1) and 21 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all
CCN3, Official Symbol CCN3provided by HGNC Official Full Name cellular communication network factor 3provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:7885 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000136999 MIM:164958; AllianceGenome:HGNC:7885 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as NOV; NOVh; IBP-9; IGFBP9; IGFBP-9 Summary The protein encoded by this gene is a small secreted cysteine-rich protein and a member of the CCN family of regulatory proteins. CNN family proteins associate with the extracellular matrix and play an important role in cardiovascular and skeletal development, fibrosis and cancer development. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009] Expression Biased expression in adrenal (RPKM 648.6) and prostate (RPKM 11.0) See more Orthologs mouse all
CCN4, Official Symbol CCN4provided by HGNC Official Full Name cellular communication network factor 4provided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:12769 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000104415 MIM:603398; AllianceGenome:HGNC:12769 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as WISP1; WISP1c; WISP1i; WISP1tc; WISP1-OT1; WISP1-UT1 Summary This gene encodes a member of the WNT1 inducible signaling pathway (WISP) protein subfamily, which belongs to the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) family. WNT1 is a member of a family of cysteine-rich, glycosylated signaling proteins that mediate diverse developmental processes. The CTGF family members are characterized by four conserved cysteine-rich domains: insulin-like growth factor-binding domain, von Willebrand factor type C module, thrombospondin domain and C-terminal cystine knot-like domain. This gene may be downstream in the WNT1 signaling pathway that is relevant to malignant transformation. It is expressed at a high level in fibroblast cells, and overexpressed in colon tumors. The encoded protein binds to decorin and biglycan, two members of a family of small leucine-rich proteoglycans present in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue, and possibly prevents the inhibitory activity of decorin and biglycan in tumor cell proliferation. It also attenuates p53-mediated apoptosis in response to DNA damage through activation of the Akt kinase. It is 83% identical to the mouse protein at the amino acid level. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011] Expression Broad expression in endometrium (RPKM 7.1), adrenal (RPKM 6.0) and 17 other tissues See more Orthologs mouse all