Arthur Evans

Arthur John Evans, nado en Nash Mills o 8 de xullo de 1851 e finado en Boars Hill o 11 de xullo de 1941, foi un arqueólogo e numismático inglés. Descubriu a civilización que denominou minoica, da que quedara un moi feble recordo. Traxectoria
Era o fillo de Sir John Evans, un fabricante de papel e arqueólogo afeccionado de ascendencia galesa. Estudou en Harrow e no Brasenose College, Universidade de Oxford, e na Universidade de Göttingen e, tendo herdado do pai o interese pola arqueoloxía, Arthur foi conservador do Ashmolean Museum de Oxford entre 1884 e 1908.
O obxecto especial do seu interese era a illa grega de Creta, e durante moito tempo foi o encargado das escavacións da cidade-palacio de Knossos, centro principal da civilización minoica. Ademais de descubrir estes restos e publicalos en catro volumes, The Palace of Minos at Knossos (1921-1935), un clásico da arqueoloxía, restaurounos e, en parte, reconstruíunos, utilizando algúns materiais estraños como o formigón, que escandalizou os puristas, pero axudou os visitantes a entender o sitio. Para entender isto cómpre lembrar que mentres que Evans estaba traballando en Knossos no período entre 1899 e 1935, moitos dos seus contemporáneos se interesaban só en apañar obxectos de interese nos asentamentos que descubrían.
Aínda que sempre se lle escapou o desciframento e a tradución dos textos atopados, deuse de conta de que houbera dúas escritas, que chamou "Lineal A" e "Lineal B. "
Evans foi nomeado cabaleiro en 1911 polos seus servizos á arqueoloxía. A escavación no sitio arqueolóxico de Knossos (que el adquiriu para a súa conservación), é continuada hoxe en día pola British School of Archaeology de Atenas.
Como numismático, ademais das numerosas publicacións acerca de achados de moedas, é de salientar o seu papel como presidente da Royal Numismatic Society, da que ademais foi receptor da súa prestixiosa medalla en 1902. Recoñecementos
(1902): Medalla da Royal Numismatic Society, de Londres.
(1949): Medalla Huntington, da American Numismatic Society, de Nova York. Publicacións
(1871): "On a hoard of coins found at Oxford, with some remarks on the coinage of the first three Edwards". Numismatic Chronicle N. S. (11): 260–282.
(1876): Through Bosnia and the Herzegóvina on foot during the insurrection, August and September 1875; with an historical review of Bosnia and a glimpse at the Croats, Slavonians, and the ancient republic of Ragusa. Longmans, Greens and Co. Londres. [Texto en liña]
(1877): Through Bosnia and the Herzegdvina on foot, during the insurrection, August and September 1875, with an historical review of Bosnia, and a glimpse at the Croats, Slavonians, and the ancient republic of Ragusa (2nd ed. ). Longmans, Green and Co. Londres. [Texto en liña]
(1878): Illyrian letters: a revised selection of correspondence from the llllyrian provinces of Bosnia, Herzegdvina, Montenegro, Albania, Dalmatia, Croatia and Slavonia during the troubled year 1877. Longmans, Green and Co. Londres. [Texto en liña]
(1883): Antiquarian researches in Illyricum. (I-II). The Archaeologia. Vol. XLVIII. Nichols and Sons. Westminster. [Texto en liña]
(1884): The Ashmolean museum as a home of archæology in Oxford: an inaugural lecture given in the Ashmolean Museum, November 20, 1884. Parker & Co. Oxford.
(1885): Antiquarian researches in Illyricum, Parts III, IV. Archaeologia: or, Miscellaneous Tracts Relating to Antiquity. Volume XLIX. Society of Antiquaries of London. Londres. [Texto en liña]
(1886): "Megalithic Monuments in their Sepulchral Relation". En Transactions of the Lancashire and Cheshire Antiquarian Society. A. Ireland Co. , Printers. III, Manchester.
(1889): "The "horsemen" of Tarentum. A contribution towards the numismatic history of Great Greece. Including an essay on artists', engravers', and magistrates' signatures". En Numismatic Chronicle. 3ª serie. 9. [Texto en liña]
(1890): "On a Late-Celtic urn-field at Aylesford, Kent, and on the Gaulish, Illyro-Italic, and Classical connexions of the forms of pottery and bronzework there discovered". En Archaeologia. 52 (2): 315–88.
(1892): Syracusan "medallions" and their engravers in the light of recent finds, with observations on the chronology and historical occasions of the Syracusan coin-types of the fifth and fourth centuries B. C. And an essay on some new artists' signatures on Sicilian coins. Bernard Quaritch. Londres. [Texto en liña]
(1894): "Primitive Pictographs and Script from Crete and the Peloponnese". En The Journal of Hellenic Studies. XIV: 270–372.
(1895): Cretan pictographs and prae-Phoenician script: with an account of a sepulchral deposit at Hagios Onouphrios near Phaestos in its relation to primitive Cretan and Aegean culture. Bernard Quaritch. Londres
(1898): Letters from Crete. Repr. from the "Manchester Guardian" of May 24, 25, and June 13, with notes on some official replies to questions asked with reference to the above in the House of Commons. Hart. Oxford.
(1901): "The Mycenaean Pillar Cult and its Mediterranean Relations with Illustrations from Recent Cretan Finds". En The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 21: 99–204. [Texto en liña]
(1901): "Minoan Civilization at the Palace of Knosses". En Monthly Review.
(1906): Essai de classification des Époques de la civilization minoenne: résumé d’un discours fait au Congrès d’Archéologie à Athènes. B. Quaritch. Londres. [Texto en liña]
(1906): "The prehistoric tombs of Knossos: I. The cemetery of Zapher Papoura, with a comparative note on a chamber-tomb at Milatos. II. The Royal Tomb at Isopata". En Archaeologia 59. Páxinas 391–562. B. Quaritch. Londres. [Texto en liña]
(1909): Scripta Minoa: The Written Documents of Minoan Crete: with Special Reference to the Archives of Knossos. Volume I. Clarendon Press. Oxford. [Texto en liña]
(1912): "The Minoan and Mycenaean Element in Hellenic Life". En The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 32: 277–287. [Texto en liña]
(1914): "The 'Tomb of the Double Axes' and Associated Group, and the Pillar Rooms and Ritual Vessels of the 'Little Palace' at Knossos". En Archaeologia. 65: 1–94. [Texto en liña]
(1921-1936): The Palace of Minos: a comparative account of the successive stages of the early Cretan civilization as illustrated by the discoveries at Knossos. MacMillan and Co. Londres. [Texto en liña]
(1925): ʻThe ring of Nestor; ̓ a glimpse into the Minoan after-world, and a sepulchral treasure of gold signet-rings and bead-seals from Thisbê, Boeotia. Macmillan and Co. Londres.
(1929): The shaft graves and bee-hive tombs of Mycenae and their interrelation. MacMillan and Co. Londres. [Texto en liña]
(1933): Jarn Mound, with its panorama and wild garden of British plants. J. Vincent. Oxford.
(1952): Scripta Minoa: The Written Documents of Minoan Crete: with special reference to the archives of Knossos. Volume II. Clarendon Press. Oxford. [Texto en liña]