Сардела

Сардели — мали, широко распространети риби од семејството Engraulidae. Повеќето видови се наоѓаат во морските води, неколку влегуваат во соленикавите води, а некои видови во Јужна Америка се ограничени на слатка вода.
Постојат повеќе од 140 видови групирани во 17 родови. Присутни се во Атлантскиот, Индискиот и Тихиот Океан, како и во Црното Море и Средоземното Море. Сарделите обично се класифицирани како мрсна риба.
1 Екологија
Сарделите се значаен извор на храна за речиси сите грабливи риби во нивната околина, вклучително и калифорниски габи, бас со пруги, жолто опавче, ајкули, кралски лосос и. Тие се исто така исклучително важни за морските цицачи и птици; на пример, успехот на размножување на калифорниските кафеави пеликани и елегантните боцки е во силна корелација со изобилството на сарделата.
2 Систематика
2.1 Родови
Родови на семејството ''Engraulidae''
Родови, Видови, Коментар, , Родови, Видови, Коментар
''Amazonsprattus'', 1, ''Anchoa'', 35
''Anchovia'', 3, ''Anchoviella'', 4
''Cetengraulis'', 2, ''Coilia'', 13
''Encrasicholina'', 5, ''Engraulis'', 9, Tipski rod sardela: Ovaj rod sadrži sve komercijalno značajne sardele
''Jurengraulis'', 1, ''Lycengraulis'', 4
''Lycothrissa'', 1, ''Papuengraulis'', 1
''Pseudosetipinna'', 1, ''Pterengraulis'', 1
''Setipinna'', 8, ''Stolephorus'', 20
''Thryssa'', 24
2.2 Видови
*''Amazonsprattus scintilla'' Roberts, 1984
*''Anchoa analis'' (Miller, 1945)
*''Anchoa argentivittata'' (Regan, 1904)
*''Anchoa belizensis'' (Thomerson and Greenfield, 1975)
*''Anchoa cayorum'' (Fowler, 1906)
*''Anchoa chamensis'' Hildebrand, 1943
*''Anchoa choerostoma'' (Goode, 1874)
*''Anchoa colonensis'' Hildebrand, 1943
*''Anchoa compressa'' (Girard, 1858)
*''Anchoa cubana'' (Poey, 1868)
*''Anchoa curta'' (Jordan and Gilbert, 1882)
*''Anchoa delicatissima'' (Girard, 1854)
*''Anchoa eigenmannia'' (Meek and Hildebrand, 1923)
*''Anchoa exigua'' (Jordan and Gilbert, 1882)
*''Anchoa filifera'' (Fowler, 1915)
*''Anchoa helleri'' (Hubbs, 1921)
*''Anchoa hepsetus'' (Linnaeus, 1758)
*''Anchoa ischana'' (Jordan and Gilbert, 1882)
*''Anchoa januaria'' (Steindachner, 1879)
*''Anchoa lamprotaenia'' Hildebrand, 1943
*''Anchoa lucida'' (Jordan and Gilbert, 1882)
*''Anchoa lyolepis'' (Evermann and Marsh, 1900)
*''Anchoa marinii'' Hildebrand, 1943
*''Anchoa mitchilli'' (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848)
*''Anchoa mundeola'' (Gilbert and Pierson in Jordan and Evermann, 1898)
*''Anchoa mundeoloides'' (Breder, 1928)
*''Anchoa nasus'' (Kner and Steindachner, 1867)
*''Anchoa panamensis'' (Steindachner, 1877)
*''Anchoa parva'' (Meek and Hildebrand, 1923)
*''Anchoa pectoralis'' Hildebrand, 1943
*''Anchoa scofieldi'' (Jordan and Culver in Jordan, 1895)
*''Anchoa spinifer'' (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848)
*''Anchoa starksi'' (Gilbert and Pierson in Jordan and Evermann, 1898)
*''Anchoa tricolor'' (Spix and Agassiz, 1829)
*''Anchoa trinitatis'' (Fowler, 1915)
*''Anchoa walkeri'' Baldwin and Chang, 1970
*''Anchovia clupeoides'' (Swainson, 1839)
*''Anchovia macrolepidota'' (Kner, 1863)
*''Anchovia surinamensis'' (Bleeker, 1866)
*''Anchoviella alleni'' (Myers, 1940)
*''Anchoviella balboae'' (Jordan and Seale, 1926)
*''Anchoviella blackburni'' Hildebrand, 1943
*''Anchoviella brevirostris'' (Günther, 1868)
*''Anchoviella carrikeri'' Fowler, 1940
*''Anchoviella cayennensis'' (Puyo, 1946)
*''Anchoviella elongata'' (Meek and Hildebrand, 1923)
*''Anchoviella guianensis'' (Eigenmann, 1912)
*''Anchoviella jamesi'' (Jordan and Seale, 1926)
*''Anchoviella lepidentostole'' (Fowler, 1911)
*''Anchoviella manamensis'' Cervigón, 1982
*''Anchoviella nattereri'' (Steindachner, 1879)
*''Anchoviella perezi'' Cervigón, 1987
*''Anchoviella perfasciata'' (Poey, 1860)
*''Anchoviella shantungensis'' Li, 1978
*''Anchoviella vaillanti'' (Steindachner, 1908)
*''Cetengraulis edentulus'' (Cuvier, 1829)
*''Cetengraulis mysticetus'' (Günther, 1867)
*''Coilia borneensis'' Bleeker, 1852
*''Coilia brachygnathus'' Kreyenberg and Pappenheim, 1908
*''Coilia coomansi'' Hardenberg, 1934
*''Coilia dussumieri'' Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848
*''Coilia grayii'' Richardson, 1845
*''Coilia lindmani'' Bleeker, 1858
*''Coilia macrognathos'' Bleeker, 1852
*''Coilia mystus'' (Linnaeus, 1758)
*''Coilia nasus'' Temminck and Schlegel, 1846
*''Coilia neglecta'' Whitehead, 1967
*''Coilia ramcarati'' (Hamilton, 1822)
*''Coilia rebentischii'' Bleeker, 1858
*''Coilia reynaldi'' Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848
*''Encrasicholina devisi'' (Whitley, 1940)
*''Encrasicholina heteroloba'' (Rüppell, 1837)
*''Encrasicholina oligobranchus'' (Wongratana, 1983)
*''Encrasicholina punctifer'' Fowler, 1938
*''Encrasicholina purpurea'' (Fowler, 1900)
*''Engraulis anchoita'' Hubbs and Marini in Marini, 1935
*''Engraulis australis'' (White, 1790)
*''Engraulis encrasicolus'' (Linnaeus, 1758)
*''Engraulis eurystole'' (Swain and Meek, 1884)
*''Engraulis japonicus'' Temminck and Schlegel, 1846
*''Engraulis mordax'' Girard, 1854
*''Engraulis ringens'' Jenyns, 1842
*''Jurengraulis juruensis'' (Boulenger, 1898)
*''Lycengraulis batesii'' (Günther, 1868)
*''Lycengraulis grossidens'' (Agassiz in Spix and Agassiz, 1829)
*''Lycengraulis limnichthys'' Schultz, 1949
*''Lycengraulis poeyi'' (Kner, 1863)
*''Lycothrissa crocodilus'' (Bleeker, 1851)
*''Papuengraulis micropinna'' Munro, 1964
*''Pseudosetipinna haizhouensis'' Peng and Zhao, 1988
*''Pterengraulis atherinoides'' (Linnaeus, 1766)
*''Setipinna breviceps'' (Cantor, 1849)
*''Setipinna brevifilis'' (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848)
*''Setipinna melanochir'' (Bleeker, 1849)
*''Setipinna paxtoni'' Wongratana, 1987
*''Setipinna phasa'' (Hamilton, 1822)
*''Setipinna taty'' (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848)
*''Setipinna tenuifilis'' (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848)
*''Setipinna wheeleri'' Wongratana, 1983
*''Stolephorus advenus'' Wongratana, 1987
*''Stolephorus andhraensis'' Babu Rao, 1966
*''Stolephorus apiensis'' (Jordan and Seale, 1906)
*''Stolephorus baganensis'' Hardenberg, 1933
*''Stolephorus brachycephalus'' Wongratana, 1983
*''Stolephorus carpentariae'' (De Vis, 1882)
*''Stolephorus chinensis'' (Günther, 1880)
*''Stolephorus commersonnii'' Lacepède, 1803
*''Stolephorus dubiosus'' Wongratana, 1983
*''Stolephorus holodon'' (Boulenger, 1900)
*''Stolephorus indicus'' (van Hasselt, 1823)
*''Stolephorus insularis'' Hardenberg, 1933
*''Stolephorus multibranchus'' Wongratana, 1987
*''Stolephorus nelsoni'' Wongratana, 1987
*''Stolephorus pacificus'' Baldwin, 1984
*''Stolephorus ronquilloi'' Wongratana, 1983
*''Stolephorus tri'' (Bleeker, 1852)
*''Stolephorus waitei'' Jordan and Seale, 1926
*''Thryssa adelae'' (Rutter, 1897)
*''Thryssa aestuaria'' (Ogilby, 1910)
*''Thryssa baelama'' (Forsskål, 1775)
*''Thryssa brevicauda'' Roberts, 1978
*''Thryssa chefuensis'' (Günther, 1874)
*''Thryssa dayi'' Wongratana, 1983
*''Thryssa dussumieri'' (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1848)
*''Thryssa encrasicholoides'' (Bleeker, 1852)
*''Thryssa gautamiensis'' Babu Rao, 1971
*''Thryssa hamiltonii'' Gray, 1835
*''Thryssa kammalensis'' (Bleeker, 1849)
*''Thryssa kammalensoides'' Wongratana, 1983
*''Thryssa malabarica'' (Bloch, 1795)
*''Thryssa marasriae'' Wongratana, 1987
*''Thryssa mystax'' (Bloch and Schneider, 1801)
*''Thryssa polybranchialis'' Wongratana, 1983
*''Thryssa purava'' (Hamilton, 1822)
*''Thryssa rastrosa'' Roberts, 1978
*''Thryssa scratchleyi'' (Ramsay and Ogilby, 1886)
*''Thryssa setirostris'' (Broussonet, 1782)
*''Thryssa spinidens'' (Jordan and Seale, 1925)
*''Thryssa stenosoma'' Wongratana, 1983
*''Thryssa vitrirostris'' (Gilchrist and Thompson, 1908)
*''Thryssa whiteheadi'' Wongratana, 1983
3 Поврзано
* Сардини