Волтер Безант

Волтер Безант (англиски: ''Walter Besant'', 14 август 1836 — 9 јуни 1901) — англиски писател и историчар.
1 Животопис
Син на трговецот со вино Вилијам Безант (1800–1879), тој е роден во Портсмут, Хемпшир и одел на училиште во Сент Пол, Саутси, Стоквел во Лондон и лондонски колеџ Кингс.
Во 1855 година бил примен во Христовиот колеџ во Кембриџ, каде што дипломирал во 1859 година како 18-ти расправија. После една година како математички мајстор на училиштето Росал, Флитвуд, Ланкашир и една година на колеџот Лемингтон, поминал шест години како професор по математика на Кралскиот колеџ во Маврициус. Падот на здравствената состојба го принудил да се повлече и да се врати во Англија и се населил во Лондон во 1867 година. Од 1868 до 1885 година ја извршувал функцијата секретар на Палестинскиот фонд за истражување. Во 1871 година бил примен во Линколнс Ин.
Во 1868 година ја објавил „Студии за француска поезија“. Три години подоцна ја започнал соработката со писателот Џејмс Рајс. Меѓу нивните заеднички продукции се „Редимејд Мортибој“ (1872) и „Златната пеперутка“ (1876), и двете, особено последната, многу успешни. Оваа поврзаност била завршена со смртта на Рајс во 1882 година. Потоа, Безант продолжил да пишува обемно, а неговите главни романи се „Сите во градина“ (All in a Garden Fair), „Дороти Форстер“ (неговиот омилен роман), „Децата од Гаваон“ и „Сите видови и услови на Мажи“.
Покрај неговата фантастика, Безант пишувал главно за историјата и топографијата на Лондон. Неговите планови за оваа тема останаа недовршени: меѓу неговите книги на оваа тема е и Лондон во 18 век.
2 Дела
Фикција
*''The Alabaster Box''. 1900.
*''Alfred''. 3rd ed. 1899.
*''All in a Garden Fair''. 3 vols. 1883.
*''All Sorts and Conditions of Men''. 3 vols. 1882.
*''Armorel of Lyonesse''. 3 vols. 1890.
*''The Bell of St. Paul's''. 3 vols. 1889.
*''Beyond the Dreams of Avarice''. 1895.
*''Blind Love''. By Wilkie Collins, completed and with preface by W. Besant. 3 vols. 1890.
*''By Celia’s Arbour: A tale of Portsmouth town''. With James Rice. Reprinted from ''The Graphic''. 3 vols. 1878.
*''The Captains' Room etc.''. 3 vols.
*''The Case of Mr. Lucraft and other tales''. By the authors of ''Ready Money Mortiboy'' (with James Rice). 2 vols. 1876.
*''The Changeling''. 1898.
*''The Chaplain of the Fleet''. With James Rice 3 vols. 1881.
*''Children of Gibeon''. 2nd ed. 3 vols. 1886.
*''The City of Refuge''. 3 vols. 1896.
*''Dorothy Forster''. 3 vols. 1884.
*''Doubts of Dives''. [Speculative fiction in which a rich and poor man exchange bodies].
*''A Five Years' Tryst and other stories''. 1902.
*''For Britain's Soldiers''. By W.L. Alden, Sir W. Besant etc., with preface by C.J.C. Hyne. 1900.
*''For Faith and Freedom''. 3 vols. 1889.
*''A Fountain Sealed''. 1897.
*''The Fourth Generation''. 1900.
*''The Golden Butterfly''. With James Rice. 3 vols. 1876.
*''Herr Paulus''. 3 vols. 1888.
*''The Holy Rose &c''. 1890.
*''In Deacon's Orders &c.'' 1895.
*''The Inner House''. 1888. [Dystopian fiction about a society that has discovered immortality]
*''The Ivory Gate.'' 3 vols. 1893.
*''The Lady of Lynn. 1901''.
*''The Master Craftsman''. 2 vols. 1896.
*''The Monks of Thelema''. With James Rice. 3 vols. 1878.
*''My Little Girl''. By the authors of ''Ready-money Mortiboy''. With James Rice. 3 vols. 1873.
*''No Other Way''. 1902.
*''The Orange Girl''. 1899.
*''Ready-Money Mortiboy''. Repr. from ''Once a Week.'' With James Rice. 3 vols. 1872. Repr. of 1885 ed. Bath, 1974.
*''The Rebel Queen''. 3 vols. 1893.
*''The Revolt of Man''. 1882. [Speculative fiction: traditional roles of sexes are reversed].
*''St. Katherine's by the Tower''. 3 vols. 1891.
*''The Seamy Side''. With James Rice. 3 vols. 2nd. ed. 1880.
*''The Ten Years' Tenant and other stories.'' With James Rice. 3 vols.
*''This Son of Vulcan''. By the authors of ''Ready-Money Mortiboy''. With James Rice. 3 vols. 1876.
*''To Call Her Mine &c.'' 1889.
*''"Twas in Trafalgar's Bay" and other stories.'' With James Rice. 2nd ed. 1879.
*''Uncle Jack &c.'' 1885.
*''Verbena, Camellia, Stephanotis, &c.'' 1892.
*''With Harp and Crown.'' By the authors of “Ready-Money Mortiboy.” With James Rice. 3 vols. 1875.
*''The World Went Very Well Then.'' 3 vols. 1887.
Драми
*''The Charm and other drawing-room plays''. With W. Pollock. 1896.
Останати романи [без серијалот за Лондон]
*"The Amusements of the People", ''Contemporary Review'' 45 (1884): 342-53.
*''William Tuckwell, Art and hand work for the people, being three papers read before the Social Science Congress, Sept. 1884''. By W.T., C. G. Leland, and W. Besant. Manchester, 1885.
*''The Art of Fiction: A Lecture Delivered at the Royal Institution on Friday Evening, April 25, 1884''. 1884. New ed., 1902.
*''As we are and as we may be''. 1903.
*''Autobiography''. With prefatory note by S. Squire Sprigge. Hutchinson, 1902.
*Bourbon' journal, August 1863.'' 1933.
*''Captain Cook. English Men of Action''. 1890.
*''Constantinople. A sketch of its history from its foundation to its conquest by the Turks in 1453''. By W.J.B. and Walter Besant. 1879.
*''Essays and Historiettes''. 1903.
*''The Eulogy of Richard Jefferies''. 1888.
*''Fifty Years Ago.'' 1888.
*''The French Humourists from the 12th to the 19th century. 1873.''
*''Gaspard de Coligny. The New Plutarch.'' 1879. New ed. 1894.
*''Jerusalem, the City of Herod and Saladin.'' By W.B. and E.H. Palmer. 1871.
*''The Life and Achievements of Edward Henry Palmer.'' 1883.
*''The Pen and the Book. 1899.''
*"The People’s Palace", ''Contemporary Review'' 51 (1887): 226-33.
*''The Queen’s Reign and its commemoration''. 1897.
*''Sir Richard Whittington, Lord Mayor of London''. With James Rice. The New Plutarch. 1881. New ed. 1894.
*''The Story of King Alfred.'' [1912].
*''Studies in Early French Poetry''. 1868.
*''Rabelais''. 1879.
3 Наводи
3.1 Литература
*S. T. Bindoff, "East End Delight", ''East London Papers'' 3 (1960): 31–40.
*Fred W. Boege, "Sir Walter Besant: Novelist", ''Nineteenth Century Fiction'' 10 (1956): 249–80; 11 (1956): 32–60.
*Simon Eliot, "'His Generation Read His Stories': Walter Besant, Chatto and Windus and All Sorts and Conditions of Men," ''Publishing History'' 21 (1987): 25–67.
*John Goode, "The Art of Fiction: Walter Besant and Henry James," in David Howard, John Lucas, and John Goode, eds., ''Tradition and Tolerance in Nineteenth-Century Fiction: Critical Essays on Some English and American Novels'' (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1966).
*Charles G. Harper, "Walter Besant’s London", Chapter VII of his ''A Literary Man’s London'' (London: Cecil Palmer, 1926), pp. 196–221.
*Gareth Stedman Jones, ''Outcast London: A Study in the Relationship between Classes in Victorian Society'' (Oxford: Clarendon, 1971).
*P. J. Keating, ''The Working Classes in Victorian Fiction'' (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1971).
*Peter Keating, ''The Haunted Study: A Social History of the English Novel 1875–1914'' (London: Secker and Warburg, 1989).
*Andrew Mearns, "The Bitter Cry of Outcast London" (1883 penny pamphlet).
*G. P. Moss and M. V. Saville, ''From Palace to College: An Illustrated Account of Queen Mary College, University of London'' (London: Queen Mary College, 1985).
*Wim Neetens, "Problems of a 'Democratic Text': Walter Besant’s Impossible Story," ''Novel'' 23 (1990): 247-64.
*Alan Palmer, ''The East End: Four Centuries of London Life'' (London: John Murray, 1989).
*Review, ''All Sorts and Conditions of Men'', ''Westminster Review'' NS 63 (January 1883): 288.
*Review, ''All Sorts and Conditions of Men'', ''Spectator'', 21 October 1882: 1349.
*Helen Small, "Introduction," Walter Besant, ''All Sorts and Conditions of Men'' (Oxford: OUP, 1997), x-xxv.
*Mark Spilka, "Henry James and Walter Besant: 'The Art of Fiction' Controversy," ''Novel'' 6 (1973): 101-9.
*Eileen Yeo, "Culture and Constraint in Working-Class Movements," in Eileen Yeo and Stephen Yeo, eds., ''Popular Culture and Class Conflict, 1590–1914: Explorations in the History of Labour and Leisure'' (Brighton, 1987), 155-86.