(* Words on N : initial structure for almost-rings. *)
Definition Nword := list N.
Definition NwO : Nword := nil.
Definition NwI : Nword := 1%N :: nil.
Definition Nwcons n (w : Nword) : Nword :=
match w, n with
| nil, 0%N => nil
| _, _ => n :: w
end.
Fixpoint Nwadd (w1 w2 : Nword) {struct w1} : Nword :=
match w1, w2 with
| n1::w1', n2:: w2' => (n1+n2)%N :: Nwadd w1' w2'
| nil, _ => w2
| _, nil => w1
end.
Definition Nwopp (w:Nword) : Nword := Nwcons 0%N w.
Definition Nwsub w1 w2 := Nwadd w1 (Nwopp w2).
Fixpoint Nwscal (n : N) (w : Nword) {struct w} : Nword :=
match w with
| m :: w' => (n*m)%N :: Nwscal n w'
| nil => nil
end.
Fixpoint Nwmul (w1 w2 : Nword) {struct w1} : Nword :=
match w1 with
| 0%N::w1' => Nwopp (Nwmul w1' w2)
| n1::w1' => Nwsub (Nwscal n1 w2) (Nwmul w1' w2)
| nil => nil
end.
Fixpoint Nw_is0 (w : Nword) : bool :=
match w with
| nil => true
| 0%N :: w' => Nw_is0 w'
| _ => false
end.
Fixpoint Nweq_bool (w1 w2 : Nword) {struct w1} : bool :=
match w1, w2 with
| n1::w1', n2::w2' =>
if N.eqb n1 n2 then Nweq_bool w1' w2' else false
| nil, _ => Nw_is0 w2
| _, nil => Nw_is0 w1
end.
Section NWORDMORPHISM.
Variable R : Type.
Variable (rO rI : R) (radd rmul rsub: R->R->R) (ropp : R -> R).
Variable req : R -> R -> Prop.
Notation "0" := rO.  Notation "1" := rI.
Notation "x + y" := (radd x y).  Notation "x * y " := (rmul x y).
Notation "x - y " := (rsub x y).  Notation "- x" := (ropp x).
Notation "x == y" := (req x y).
Variable Rsth : Setoid_Theory R req.
Add Parametric Relation : R req
reflexivity  proved by (@Equivalence_Reflexive _ _ Rsth)
symmetry     proved by (@Equivalence_Symmetric _ _ Rsth)
transitivity proved by (@Equivalence_Transitive _ _ Rsth)
as R_setoid5.
Ltac rrefl := gen_reflexivity Rsth.
Variable Reqe : ring_eq_ext radd rmul ropp req.
Add Morphism radd with signature (req ==> req ==> req) as radd_ext5.

(* Specifications: *)
Lemma gen_phiNword_cons : forall w n,
gen_phiNword (n::w) == gen_phiN rO rI radd rmul n - gen_phiNword w.