Problem p03165 (C++)

Buggy submission (status: Runtime Error):
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

// define maximum possible length of string X and Y
#define MAX 20

// lookup[i][j] stores the length of LCS of substring X[0..i-1], Y[0..j-1]
int lookup[MAX][MAX];

// Recursive Function to find Longest Common Subsequence of
// string X[0..m-1] and Y[0..n-1]
string LCS(string X, string Y, int m, int n) {
  // return empty string if we have reached the end of
  // either sequence
  if (m == 0 || n == 0)
    return string("");

  // if last character of X and Y matches
  if (X[m - 1] == Y[n - 1]) {
    // append current character (X[m-1] or Y[n-1]) to LCS of
    // substring X[0..m-2] and Y[0..n-2]
    return LCS(X, Y, m - 1, n - 1) + X[m - 1];
  }

  // else when the last character of X and Y are different

  // if top cell of current cell has more value than the left
  // cell, then drop current character of string X and find LCS
  // of substring X[0..m-2], Y[0..n-1]

  if (lookup[m - 1][n] > lookup[m][n - 1])
    return LCS(X, Y, m - 1, n);

  else

    // if left cell of current cell has more value than the top
    // cell, then drop current character of string Y and find LCS
    // of substring X[0..m-1], Y[0..n-2]

    return LCS(X, Y, m, n - 1);
}

// Function to fill lookup table by finding the length of LCS
// of substring X[0..m-1] and Y[0..n-1]
void LCSLength(string X, string Y, int m, int n) {
  // first row and first column of the lookup table
  // are already 0 as lookup[][] is globally declared

  // fill the lookup table in bottom-up manner
  for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
    for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
      // if current character of X and Y matches
      if (X[i - 1] == Y[j - 1])
        lookup[i][j] = lookup[i - 1][j - 1] + 1;

      // else if current character of X and Y don't match
      else
        lookup[i][j] = max(lookup[i - 1][j], lookup[i][j - 1]);
    }
  }
}

// main function
int main() {
  string X, Y;
  cin >> X >> Y;
  int m = X.length(), n = Y.length();

  // fill lookup table
  LCSLength(X, Y, m, n);

  // find longest common sequence
  cout << LCS(X, Y, m, n);

  return 0;
}

Fixed submission:
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

// define maximum possible length of string X and Y
#define MAX 3005

// lookup[i][j] stores the length of LCS of substring X[0..i-1], Y[0..j-1]
int lookup[MAX][MAX];

// Recursive Function to find Longest Common Subsequence of
// string X[0..m-1] and Y[0..n-1]
string LCS(string X, string Y, int m, int n) {
  // return empty string if we have reached the end of
  // either sequence
  if (m == 0 || n == 0)
    return string("");

  // if last character of X and Y matches
  if (X[m - 1] == Y[n - 1]) {
    // append current character (X[m-1] or Y[n-1]) to LCS of
    // substring X[0..m-2] and Y[0..n-2]
    return LCS(X, Y, m - 1, n - 1) + X[m - 1];
  }

  // else when the last character of X and Y are different

  // if top cell of current cell has more value than the left
  // cell, then drop current character of string X and find LCS
  // of substring X[0..m-2], Y[0..n-1]

  if (lookup[m - 1][n] > lookup[m][n - 1])
    return LCS(X, Y, m - 1, n);

  else

    // if left cell of current cell has more value than the top
    // cell, then drop current character of string Y and find LCS
    // of substring X[0..m-1], Y[0..n-2]

    return LCS(X, Y, m, n - 1);
}

// Function to fill lookup table by finding the length of LCS
// of substring X[0..m-1] and Y[0..n-1]
void LCSLength(string X, string Y, int m, int n) {
  // first row and first column of the lookup table
  // are already 0 as lookup[][] is globally declared

  // fill the lookup table in bottom-up manner
  for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
    for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
      // if current character of X and Y matches
      if (X[i - 1] == Y[j - 1])
        lookup[i][j] = lookup[i - 1][j - 1] + 1;

      // else if current character of X and Y don't match
      else
        lookup[i][j] = max(lookup[i - 1][j], lookup[i][j - 1]);
    }
  }
}

// main function
int main() {
  string X, Y;
  cin >> X >> Y;
  int m = X.length(), n = Y.length();

  // fill lookup table
  LCSLength(X, Y, m, n);

  // find longest common sequence
  cout << LCS(X, Y, m, n);

  return 0;
}