Problem p03175 (C++)

Buggy submission (status: Time Limit Exceeded):
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define rep(i, a, b) for (int i = a; i < b; i++)
#define rrep(i, a, b) for (int i = a; i >= b; i--)
#define fore(i, a) for (auto &i : a)
#define all(x) (x).begin(), (x).end()
// #pragma GCC optimize ("-O3")
using namespace std;
void _main();
int main() {
  cin.tie(0);
  ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
  _main();
}
typedef long long ll;
const int inf = INT_MAX / 2;
const ll infl = 1LL << 60;
template <class T> bool chmax(T &a, const T &b) {
  if (a < b) {
    a = b;
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}
template <class T> bool chmin(T &a, const T &b) {
  if (b < a) {
    a = b;
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
template <int MOD> struct ModInt {
  static const int Mod = MOD;
  unsigned x;
  ModInt() : x(0) {}
  ModInt(signed sig) { x = sig < 0 ? sig % MOD + MOD : sig % MOD; }
  ModInt(signed long long sig) { x = sig < 0 ? sig % MOD + MOD : sig % MOD; }
  int get() const { return (int)x; }
  ModInt &operator+=(ModInt that) {
    if ((x += that.x) >= MOD)
      x -= MOD;
    return *this;
  }
  ModInt &operator-=(ModInt that) {
    if ((x += MOD - that.x) >= MOD)
      x -= MOD;
    return *this;
  }
  ModInt &operator*=(ModInt that) {
    x = (unsigned long long)x * that.x % MOD;
    return *this;
  }
  ModInt &operator/=(ModInt that) { return *this *= that.inverse(); }
  ModInt operator+(ModInt that) const { return ModInt(*this) += that; }
  ModInt operator-(ModInt that) const { return ModInt(*this) -= that; }
  ModInt operator*(ModInt that) const { return ModInt(*this) *= that; }
  ModInt operator/(ModInt that) const { return ModInt(*this) /= that; }
  ModInt inverse() const {
    long long a = x, b = MOD, u = 1, v = 0;
    while (b) {
      long long t = a / b;
      a -= t * b;
      std::swap(a, b);
      u -= t * v;
      std::swap(u, v);
    }
    return ModInt(u);
  }
  bool operator==(ModInt that) const { return x == that.x; }
  bool operator!=(ModInt that) const { return x != that.x; }
  ModInt operator-() const {
    ModInt t;
    t.x = x == 0 ? 0 : Mod - x;
    return t;
  }
};
template <int MOD> ostream &operator<<(ostream &st, const ModInt<MOD> a) {
  st << a.get();
  return st;
};
template <int MOD> ModInt<MOD> operator^(ModInt<MOD> a, unsigned long long k) {
  ModInt<MOD> r = 1;
  while (k) {
    if (k & 1)
      r *= a;
    a *= a;
    k >>= 1;
  }
  return r;
}
typedef ModInt<1000000007> mint;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
int N;
vector<vector<int>> G;

mint dp[100010][2];
bool vis[100010][2];

mint Solve(int curr, int prev = -1, int prevColor = -1) {
  if (prevColor >= 0 && vis[curr][prevColor])
    return dp[curr][prevColor];

  mint res = 0;
  rep(color, 0, 2) {
    if (prevColor == 1 && color == 1)
      continue;

    mint tmp = 1;
    for (const int next : G[curr]) {
      if (next == prev)
        continue;

      tmp *= Solve(next, curr, color);
    }
    res += tmp;
  }

  if (prevColor >= 0)
    dp[curr][prevColor] = res;
  return res;
}

void _main() {
  cin >> N;
  G.resize(N);
  rep(i, 0, N - 1) {
    int x, y;
    cin >> x >> y;
    --x;
    --y;
    G[x].push_back(y);
    G[y].push_back(x);
  }
  cout << Solve(0) << endl;
}


Fixed submission:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define rep(i, a, b) for (int i = a; i < b; i++)
#define rrep(i, a, b) for (int i = a; i >= b; i--)
#define fore(i, a) for (auto &i : a)
#define all(x) (x).begin(), (x).end()
// #pragma GCC optimize ("-O3")
using namespace std;
void _main();
int main() {
  cin.tie(0);
  ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
  _main();
}
typedef long long ll;
const int inf = INT_MAX / 2;
const ll infl = 1LL << 60;
template <class T> bool chmax(T &a, const T &b) {
  if (a < b) {
    a = b;
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}
template <class T> bool chmin(T &a, const T &b) {
  if (b < a) {
    a = b;
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
template <int MOD> struct ModInt {
  static const int Mod = MOD;
  unsigned x;
  ModInt() : x(0) {}
  ModInt(signed sig) { x = sig < 0 ? sig % MOD + MOD : sig % MOD; }
  ModInt(signed long long sig) { x = sig < 0 ? sig % MOD + MOD : sig % MOD; }
  int get() const { return (int)x; }
  ModInt &operator+=(ModInt that) {
    if ((x += that.x) >= MOD)
      x -= MOD;
    return *this;
  }
  ModInt &operator-=(ModInt that) {
    if ((x += MOD - that.x) >= MOD)
      x -= MOD;
    return *this;
  }
  ModInt &operator*=(ModInt that) {
    x = (unsigned long long)x * that.x % MOD;
    return *this;
  }
  ModInt &operator/=(ModInt that) { return *this *= that.inverse(); }
  ModInt operator+(ModInt that) const { return ModInt(*this) += that; }
  ModInt operator-(ModInt that) const { return ModInt(*this) -= that; }
  ModInt operator*(ModInt that) const { return ModInt(*this) *= that; }
  ModInt operator/(ModInt that) const { return ModInt(*this) /= that; }
  ModInt inverse() const {
    long long a = x, b = MOD, u = 1, v = 0;
    while (b) {
      long long t = a / b;
      a -= t * b;
      std::swap(a, b);
      u -= t * v;
      std::swap(u, v);
    }
    return ModInt(u);
  }
  bool operator==(ModInt that) const { return x == that.x; }
  bool operator!=(ModInt that) const { return x != that.x; }
  ModInt operator-() const {
    ModInt t;
    t.x = x == 0 ? 0 : Mod - x;
    return t;
  }
};
template <int MOD> ostream &operator<<(ostream &st, const ModInt<MOD> a) {
  st << a.get();
  return st;
};
template <int MOD> ModInt<MOD> operator^(ModInt<MOD> a, unsigned long long k) {
  ModInt<MOD> r = 1;
  while (k) {
    if (k & 1)
      r *= a;
    a *= a;
    k >>= 1;
  }
  return r;
}
typedef ModInt<1000000007> mint;
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
int N;
vector<vector<int>> G;

mint dp[100010][2];
bool vis[100010][2];

mint Solve(int curr, int prev = -1, int prevColor = -1) {
  if (prevColor >= 0 && vis[curr][prevColor])
    return dp[curr][prevColor];

  if (prevColor >= 0)
    vis[curr][prevColor] = true;

  mint res = 0;
  rep(color, 0, 2) {
    if (prevColor == 1 && color == 1)
      continue;

    mint tmp = 1;
    for (const int next : G[curr]) {
      if (next == prev)
        continue;

      tmp *= Solve(next, curr, color);
    }
    res += tmp;
  }

  if (prevColor >= 0)
    dp[curr][prevColor] = res;
  return res;
}

void _main() {
  cin >> N;
  G.resize(N);
  rep(i, 0, N - 1) {
    int x, y;
    cin >> x >> y;
    --x;
    --y;
    G[x].push_back(y);
    G[y].push_back(x);
  }
  cout << Solve(0) << endl;
}