Problem p01463 (C++)

Buggy submission (status: Runtime Error):
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

#define REP(i, s, n) for (int i = s; i < n; i++)
#define rep(i, n) REP(i, 0, n)
#define EPS (1e-8)
#define equals(a, b) (fabs((a) - (b)) < EPS)
#define COUNTER_CLOCKWISE 1
#define CLOCKWISE -1
#define ONLINE_BACK 2
#define ONLINE_FRONT -2
#define ON_SEGMENT 0

using namespace std;

class Point {
public:
  double x, y;

  Point(double x = 0, double y = 0) : x(x), y(y) {}

  Point operator+(Point p) { return Point(x + p.x, y + p.y); }
  Point operator-(Point p) { return Point(x - p.x, y - p.y); }
  Point operator*(double a) { return Point(a * x, a * y); }
  Point operator/(double a) { return Point(x / a, y / a); }
  Point operator*(Point a) {
    return Point(x * a.x - y * a.y, x * a.y + y * a.x);
  }

  bool operator<(const Point &p) const {
    return !equals(x, p.x) ? x < p.x : (!equals(y, p.y) && y < p.y);
  }

  bool operator==(const Point &p) const {
    return fabs(x - p.x) < EPS && fabs(y - p.y) < EPS;
  }
};

struct Segment {
  Point p1, p2;
  Segment(Point p1 = Point(), Point p2 = Point()) : p1(p1), p2(p2) {}
  bool operator<(const Segment &s) const {
    return (p2 == s.p2) ? p1 < s.p1 : p2 < s.p2;
  }
  bool operator==(const Segment &s) const {
    return (s.p1 == p1 && s.p2 == p2) || (s.p1 == p2 && s.p2 == p1);
  }
};

typedef Point Vector;
typedef Segment Line;
typedef vector<Point> Polygon;

ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Point &a) {
  os << "(" << a.x << "," << a.y << ")";
}

ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Segment &a) {
  os << "( " << a.p1 << " , " << a.p2 << " )";
}

double dot(Point a, Point b) { return a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y; }

double cross(Point a, Point b) { return a.x * b.y - a.y * b.x; }

double norm(Point a) { return a.x * a.x + a.y * a.y; }

double abs(Point a) { return sqrt(norm(a)); }

// rad は角度をラジアンで持たせること
Point rotate(Point a, double rad) {
  return Point(cos(rad) * a.x - sin(rad) * a.y,
               sin(rad) * a.x + cos(rad) * a.y);
}

// 度をラジアンに変換
double toRad(double agl) { return agl * M_PI / 180.0; }

// a => prev, b => cur, c=> next
// prev から cur へ行って next へ行く際の角度を求める
double getArg(Point a, Point b, Point c) {
  double arg1 = atan2(b.y - a.y, b.x - a.x);
  double arg2 = atan2(c.y - b.y, c.x - b.x);
  double arg = fabs(arg1 - arg2);
  while (arg > M_PI)
    arg -= 2.0 * M_PI;
  return fabs(arg);
}

int ccw(Point p0, Point p1, Point p2) {
  Point a = p1 - p0;
  Point b = p2 - p0;
  if (cross(a, b) > EPS)
    return COUNTER_CLOCKWISE;
  if (cross(a, b) < -EPS)
    return CLOCKWISE;
  if (dot(a, b) < -EPS)
    return ONLINE_BACK;
  if (norm(a) < norm(b))
    return ONLINE_FRONT;
  return ON_SEGMENT;
}

bool intersectLL(Line l, Line m) {
  return abs(cross(l.p2 - l.p1, m.p2 - m.p1)) > EPS || // non-parallel
         abs(cross(l.p2 - l.p1, m.p1 - l.p1)) < EPS;   // same line
}
bool intersectLS(Line l, Line s) {
  return cross(l.p2 - l.p1, s.p1 - l.p1) * // s[0] is left of l
             cross(l.p2 - l.p1, s.p2 - l.p1) <
         EPS; // s[1] is right of l
}
bool intersectLP(Line l, Point p) {
  return abs(cross(l.p2 - p, l.p1 - p)) < EPS;
}
bool intersectSS(Line s, Line t) {
  return ccw(s.p1, s.p2, t.p1) * ccw(s.p1, s.p2, t.p2) <= 0 &&
         ccw(t.p1, t.p2, s.p1) * ccw(t.p1, t.p2, s.p2) <= 0;
}
bool intersectSP(Line s, Point p) {
  return abs(s.p1 - p) + abs(s.p2 - p) - abs(s.p2 - s.p1) <
         EPS; // triangle inequality
}

Point projection(Line l, Point p) {
  double t = dot(p - l.p1, l.p1 - l.p2) / norm(l.p1 - l.p2);
  return l.p1 + (l.p1 - l.p2) * t;
}
Point reflection(Line l, Point p) { return p + (projection(l, p) - p) * 2; }
double distanceLP(Line l, Point p) { return abs(p - projection(l, p)); }
double distanceLL(Line l, Line m) {
  return intersectLL(l, m) ? 0 : distanceLP(l, m.p1);
}

double distanceLS(Line l, Line s) {
  if (intersectLS(l, s))
    return 0;
  return min(distanceLP(l, s.p1), distanceLP(l, s.p2));
}
double distanceSP(Line s, Point p) {
  Point r = projection(s, p);
  if (intersectSP(s, r))
    return abs(r - p);
  return min(abs(s.p1 - p), abs(s.p2 - p));
}

double distanceSS(Line s, Line t) {
  if (intersectSS(s, t))
    return 0;
  return min(min(distanceSP(s, t.p1), distanceSP(s, t.p2)),
             min(distanceSP(t, s.p1), distanceSP(t, s.p2)));
}

Point crosspoint(Line l, Line m) {
  double A = cross(l.p2 - l.p1, m.p2 - m.p1);
  double B = cross(l.p2 - l.p1, l.p2 - m.p1);
  if (abs(A) < EPS && abs(B) < EPS) {
    vector<Point> vec;
    vec.push_back(l.p1), vec.push_back(l.p2), vec.push_back(m.p1),
        vec.push_back(m.p2);
    sort(vec.begin(), vec.end());
    assert(vec[1] == vec[2]); // 同じセグメントかもよ
    return vec[1];
    // return m.p1;
  }
  if (abs(A) < EPS)
    assert(false);
  return m.p1 + (m.p2 - m.p1) * (B / A);
}

// cross product of pq and pr
double cross3p(Point p, Point q, Point r) {
  return (r.x - q.x) * (p.y - q.y) - (r.y - q.y) * (p.x - q.x);
}

// returns true if point r is on the same line as the line pq
bool collinear(Point p, Point q, Point r) {
  return fabs(cross3p(p, q, r)) < EPS;
}

// returns true if point t is on the left side of line pq
bool ccwtest(Point p, Point q, Point r) {
  return cross3p(p, q, r) > 0; // can be modified to accept collinear points
}

bool onSegment(Point p, Point q, Point r) {
  return collinear(p, q, r) &&
         equals(sqrt(pow(p.x - r.x, 2) + pow(p.y - r.y, 2)) +
                    sqrt(pow(r.x - q.x, 2) + pow(r.y - q.y, 2)),
                sqrt(pow(p.x - q.x, 2) + pow(p.y - q.y, 2)));
}

bool isConvex(vector<Point> p) {
  int sz = (int)p.size();
  if (sz < 3)
    return false; // boundary case, we treat a point or a line as not convex
  bool isLeft = ccwtest(p[0], p[1], p[2]);
  for (int i = 1; i < (int)p.size(); i++)
    if (ccwtest(p[i], p[(i + 1) % sz], p[(i + 2) % sz]) != isLeft)
      return false;
  return true;
}

double angle(Point a, Point b, Point c) {
  double ux = b.x - a.x, uy = b.y - a.y;
  double vx = c.x - a.x, vy = c.y - a.y;
  return acos((ux * vx + uy * vy) /
              sqrt((ux * ux + uy * uy) * (vx * vx + vy * vy)));
}

// 多角形poly内（線分上も含む）に点pが存在するかどうは判定する
bool inPolygon(Polygon poly, Point p) {
  if ((int)poly.size() == 0)
    return false;
  rep(i, poly.size()) if (onSegment(poly[i], poly[(i + 1) % poly.size()],
                                    p)) return true;
  double sum = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < (int)poly.size(); i++) {
    if (equals(cross(poly[i] - p, poly[(i + 1) % poly.size()] - p), 0.0))
      continue; // ３点が平行だとangleがnanを返しsumがnanになり死ぬ
    if (cross3p(p, poly[i], poly[(i + 1) % poly.size()]) < 0)
      sum -= angle(p, poly[i], poly[(i + 1) % poly.size()]);
    else
      sum += angle(p, poly[i], poly[(i + 1) % poly.size()]);
  }
  // あまり誤差を厳しくしすぎると良くないので以下のほうが良い
  const double eps = 1e-5;
  return (fabs(sum - 2 * M_PI) < eps || fabs(sum + 2 * M_PI) < eps);
}

int n, tp;
vector<Point> ps, nps;
Point topple, sp;
double v[2];

inline bool isValid(int x) { return 0 <= x && x < nps.size(); }
inline bool LTE(double a, double b) { return equals(a, b) || a < b; }
inline bool LT(double a, double b) { return !equals(a, b) && a < b; }

Point getPoint(double t, int dir) {
  int coef = (dir ? 1 : -1);
  int cur = tp;
  double remain = t;
  while (isValid(cur + coef)) {
    double len = abs(nps[cur + coef] - nps[cur]);
    Vector e = (nps[cur + coef] - nps[cur]) / len;
    Point p = nps[cur] + e * (remain * v[0]);
    if (onSegment(nps[cur], nps[cur + coef], p))
      return p;
    cur += coef;
    remain -= len / v[0];
    assert(LTE(0, remain));
  }
  return nps[cur];
}

bool check(double limit, int dir) {

  Point LP = getPoint(limit, dir);

  Point temp_P = getPoint(limit, !dir);

  if ((LP == nps[0] || LP == nps[(int)nps.size() - 1]) &&
      (temp_P == nps[0] || temp_P == nps[(int)nps.size() - 1]))
    return true;

  double len_temp = abs(LP - sp);
  double time_temp = len_temp / v[1];
  if (!LTE(time_temp, limit))
    return false;

  Point p = getPoint(limit, !dir);
  if (p == nps[0] || p == nps[(int)nps.size() - 1]) {
    double len = abs(LP - sp);
    double ntime = len / v[1];
    if (LTE(ntime, limit))
      return true;
  }

  double L = 0, R = limit;
  bool success = false;
  rep(_, 120) {
    double M = (L + R) * 0.5;
    p = getPoint(limit - M, !dir);
    double len = abs(LP - p);
    double ntime = len / v[1];
    if (!LTE(ntime, M)) {
      L = M;
    } else
      R = M, success = true;
  }
  if (!success)
    return false;
  p = getPoint(limit - L, !dir);
  double len = abs(LP - p) + abs(p - sp);
  double ntime = len / v[1];
  return LTE(ntime, limit);
}

void compute() {
  nps.clear();
  nps.push_back(ps[0]);
  bool already = false;
  REP(i, 1, n) {
    if (!already && onSegment(ps[i - 1], ps[i], topple)) {
      tp = nps.size();
      nps.push_back(topple);
      already = true;
    }
    nps.push_back(ps[i]);
  }
  assert(already);

  // cout << check(7,1) << endl;
  // return;
  /*
    double t;
    int d;
    while( cin >> t >> d){

    cout << getPoint(t,d) << endl;
    cout << "check = " << check(t,d) << endl;
    Point p1 = getPoint(t,d), p2 = getPoint(t,!d);
    cout << p1 << " " << p2 << endl;
    cout << ( abs( p1 - p2 ) + abs( p2 - sp ) ) / v[1] << endl;
  }

    return;
  */
  double L = 0, R = 1e10;
  bool success = false;
  rep(_, 120) {
    double M = (L + R) * 0.5;
    if (check(M, 0) || check(M, 1))
      R = M;
    else
      L = M;
  }
  printf("%.10f\n", L);
}

int main() {
  cin >> n;
  ps.resize(n);
  rep(i, n) cin >> ps[i].x >> ps[i].y;
  cin >> topple.x >> topple.y >> v[0];
  cin >> sp.x >> sp.y >> v[1];
  compute();
  return 0;
}

Fixed submission:
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

#define REP(i, s, n) for (int i = s; i < n; i++)
#define rep(i, n) REP(i, 0, n)
#define EPS (1e-7)
#define equals(a, b) (fabs((a) - (b)) < EPS)
#define COUNTER_CLOCKWISE 1
#define CLOCKWISE -1
#define ONLINE_BACK 2
#define ONLINE_FRONT -2
#define ON_SEGMENT 0

using namespace std;

class Point {
public:
  double x, y;

  Point(double x = 0, double y = 0) : x(x), y(y) {}

  Point operator+(Point p) { return Point(x + p.x, y + p.y); }
  Point operator-(Point p) { return Point(x - p.x, y - p.y); }
  Point operator*(double a) { return Point(a * x, a * y); }
  Point operator/(double a) { return Point(x / a, y / a); }
  Point operator*(Point a) {
    return Point(x * a.x - y * a.y, x * a.y + y * a.x);
  }

  bool operator<(const Point &p) const {
    return !equals(x, p.x) ? x < p.x : (!equals(y, p.y) && y < p.y);
  }

  bool operator==(const Point &p) const {
    return fabs(x - p.x) < EPS && fabs(y - p.y) < EPS;
  }
};

struct Segment {
  Point p1, p2;
  Segment(Point p1 = Point(), Point p2 = Point()) : p1(p1), p2(p2) {}
  bool operator<(const Segment &s) const {
    return (p2 == s.p2) ? p1 < s.p1 : p2 < s.p2;
  }
  bool operator==(const Segment &s) const {
    return (s.p1 == p1 && s.p2 == p2) || (s.p1 == p2 && s.p2 == p1);
  }
};

typedef Point Vector;
typedef Segment Line;
typedef vector<Point> Polygon;

ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Point &a) {
  os << "(" << a.x << "," << a.y << ")";
}

ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const Segment &a) {
  os << "( " << a.p1 << " , " << a.p2 << " )";
}

double dot(Point a, Point b) { return a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y; }

double cross(Point a, Point b) { return a.x * b.y - a.y * b.x; }

double norm(Point a) { return a.x * a.x + a.y * a.y; }

double abs(Point a) { return sqrt(norm(a)); }

// rad は角度をラジアンで持たせること
Point rotate(Point a, double rad) {
  return Point(cos(rad) * a.x - sin(rad) * a.y,
               sin(rad) * a.x + cos(rad) * a.y);
}

// 度をラジアンに変換
double toRad(double agl) { return agl * M_PI / 180.0; }

// a => prev, b => cur, c=> next
// prev から cur へ行って next へ行く際の角度を求める
double getArg(Point a, Point b, Point c) {
  double arg1 = atan2(b.y - a.y, b.x - a.x);
  double arg2 = atan2(c.y - b.y, c.x - b.x);
  double arg = fabs(arg1 - arg2);
  while (arg > M_PI)
    arg -= 2.0 * M_PI;
  return fabs(arg);
}

int ccw(Point p0, Point p1, Point p2) {
  Point a = p1 - p0;
  Point b = p2 - p0;
  if (cross(a, b) > EPS)
    return COUNTER_CLOCKWISE;
  if (cross(a, b) < -EPS)
    return CLOCKWISE;
  if (dot(a, b) < -EPS)
    return ONLINE_BACK;
  if (norm(a) < norm(b))
    return ONLINE_FRONT;
  return ON_SEGMENT;
}

bool intersectLL(Line l, Line m) {
  return abs(cross(l.p2 - l.p1, m.p2 - m.p1)) > EPS || // non-parallel
         abs(cross(l.p2 - l.p1, m.p1 - l.p1)) < EPS;   // same line
}
bool intersectLS(Line l, Line s) {
  return cross(l.p2 - l.p1, s.p1 - l.p1) * // s[0] is left of l
             cross(l.p2 - l.p1, s.p2 - l.p1) <
         EPS; // s[1] is right of l
}
bool intersectLP(Line l, Point p) {
  return abs(cross(l.p2 - p, l.p1 - p)) < EPS;
}
bool intersectSS(Line s, Line t) {
  return ccw(s.p1, s.p2, t.p1) * ccw(s.p1, s.p2, t.p2) <= 0 &&
         ccw(t.p1, t.p2, s.p1) * ccw(t.p1, t.p2, s.p2) <= 0;
}
bool intersectSP(Line s, Point p) {
  return abs(s.p1 - p) + abs(s.p2 - p) - abs(s.p2 - s.p1) <
         EPS; // triangle inequality
}

Point projection(Line l, Point p) {
  double t = dot(p - l.p1, l.p1 - l.p2) / norm(l.p1 - l.p2);
  return l.p1 + (l.p1 - l.p2) * t;
}
Point reflection(Line l, Point p) { return p + (projection(l, p) - p) * 2; }
double distanceLP(Line l, Point p) { return abs(p - projection(l, p)); }
double distanceLL(Line l, Line m) {
  return intersectLL(l, m) ? 0 : distanceLP(l, m.p1);
}

double distanceLS(Line l, Line s) {
  if (intersectLS(l, s))
    return 0;
  return min(distanceLP(l, s.p1), distanceLP(l, s.p2));
}
double distanceSP(Line s, Point p) {
  Point r = projection(s, p);
  if (intersectSP(s, r))
    return abs(r - p);
  return min(abs(s.p1 - p), abs(s.p2 - p));
}

double distanceSS(Line s, Line t) {
  if (intersectSS(s, t))
    return 0;
  return min(min(distanceSP(s, t.p1), distanceSP(s, t.p2)),
             min(distanceSP(t, s.p1), distanceSP(t, s.p2)));
}

Point crosspoint(Line l, Line m) {
  double A = cross(l.p2 - l.p1, m.p2 - m.p1);
  double B = cross(l.p2 - l.p1, l.p2 - m.p1);
  if (abs(A) < EPS && abs(B) < EPS) {
    vector<Point> vec;
    vec.push_back(l.p1), vec.push_back(l.p2), vec.push_back(m.p1),
        vec.push_back(m.p2);
    sort(vec.begin(), vec.end());
    assert(vec[1] == vec[2]); // 同じセグメントかもよ
    return vec[1];
    // return m.p1;
  }
  if (abs(A) < EPS)
    assert(false);
  return m.p1 + (m.p2 - m.p1) * (B / A);
}

// cross product of pq and pr
double cross3p(Point p, Point q, Point r) {
  return (r.x - q.x) * (p.y - q.y) - (r.y - q.y) * (p.x - q.x);
}

// returns true if point r is on the same line as the line pq
bool collinear(Point p, Point q, Point r) {
  return fabs(cross3p(p, q, r)) < EPS;
}

// returns true if point t is on the left side of line pq
bool ccwtest(Point p, Point q, Point r) {
  return cross3p(p, q, r) > 0; // can be modified to accept collinear points
}

bool onSegment(Point p, Point q, Point r) {
  return collinear(p, q, r) &&
         equals(sqrt(pow(p.x - r.x, 2) + pow(p.y - r.y, 2)) +
                    sqrt(pow(r.x - q.x, 2) + pow(r.y - q.y, 2)),
                sqrt(pow(p.x - q.x, 2) + pow(p.y - q.y, 2)));
}

bool isConvex(vector<Point> p) {
  int sz = (int)p.size();
  if (sz < 3)
    return false; // boundary case, we treat a point or a line as not convex
  bool isLeft = ccwtest(p[0], p[1], p[2]);
  for (int i = 1; i < (int)p.size(); i++)
    if (ccwtest(p[i], p[(i + 1) % sz], p[(i + 2) % sz]) != isLeft)
      return false;
  return true;
}

double angle(Point a, Point b, Point c) {
  double ux = b.x - a.x, uy = b.y - a.y;
  double vx = c.x - a.x, vy = c.y - a.y;
  return acos((ux * vx + uy * vy) /
              sqrt((ux * ux + uy * uy) * (vx * vx + vy * vy)));
}

// 多角形poly内（線分上も含む）に点pが存在するかどうは判定する
bool inPolygon(Polygon poly, Point p) {
  if ((int)poly.size() == 0)
    return false;
  rep(i, poly.size()) if (onSegment(poly[i], poly[(i + 1) % poly.size()],
                                    p)) return true;
  double sum = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < (int)poly.size(); i++) {
    if (equals(cross(poly[i] - p, poly[(i + 1) % poly.size()] - p), 0.0))
      continue; // ３点が平行だとangleがnanを返しsumがnanになり死ぬ
    if (cross3p(p, poly[i], poly[(i + 1) % poly.size()]) < 0)
      sum -= angle(p, poly[i], poly[(i + 1) % poly.size()]);
    else
      sum += angle(p, poly[i], poly[(i + 1) % poly.size()]);
  }
  // あまり誤差を厳しくしすぎると良くないので以下のほうが良い
  const double eps = 1e-5;
  return (fabs(sum - 2 * M_PI) < eps || fabs(sum + 2 * M_PI) < eps);
}

int n, tp;
vector<Point> ps, nps;
Point topple, sp;
double v[2];

inline bool isValid(int x) { return 0 <= x && x < nps.size(); }
inline bool LTE(double a, double b) { return equals(a, b) || a < b; }
inline bool LT(double a, double b) { return !equals(a, b) && a < b; }

Point getPoint(double t, int dir) {
  int coef = (dir ? 1 : -1);
  int cur = tp;
  double remain = t;
  while (isValid(cur + coef)) {
    double len = abs(nps[cur + coef] - nps[cur]);
    Vector e = (nps[cur + coef] - nps[cur]) / len;
    Point p = nps[cur] + e * (remain * v[0]);
    if (onSegment(nps[cur], nps[cur + coef], p))
      return p;
    cur += coef;
    remain -= len / v[0];
    assert(LTE(0, remain));
  }
  return nps[cur];
}

bool check(double limit, int dir) {

  Point LP = getPoint(limit, dir);

  Point temp_P = getPoint(limit, !dir);

  if ((LP == nps[0] || LP == nps[(int)nps.size() - 1]) &&
      (temp_P == nps[0] || temp_P == nps[(int)nps.size() - 1]))
    return true;

  double len_temp = abs(LP - sp);
  double time_temp = len_temp / v[1];
  if (!LTE(time_temp, limit))
    return false;

  Point p = getPoint(limit, !dir);
  if (p == nps[0] || p == nps[(int)nps.size() - 1]) {
    double len = abs(LP - sp);
    double ntime = len / v[1];
    if (LTE(ntime, limit))
      return true;
  }

  double L = 0, R = limit;
  bool success = false;
  rep(_, 120) {
    double M = (L + R) * 0.5;
    p = getPoint(limit - M, !dir);
    double len = abs(LP - p);
    double ntime = len / v[1];
    if (!LTE(ntime, M)) {
      L = M;
    } else
      R = M, success = true;
  }
  if (!success)
    return false;
  p = getPoint(limit - L, !dir);
  double len = abs(LP - p) + abs(p - sp);
  double ntime = len / v[1];
  return LTE(ntime, limit);
}

void compute() {
  nps.clear();
  nps.push_back(ps[0]);
  bool already = false;
  REP(i, 1, n) {
    if (!already && onSegment(ps[i - 1], ps[i], topple)) {
      tp = nps.size();
      nps.push_back(topple);
      already = true;
    }
    nps.push_back(ps[i]);
  }
  assert(already);

  // cout << check(7,1) << endl;
  // return;
  /*
    double t;
    int d;
    while( cin >> t >> d){

    cout << getPoint(t,d) << endl;
    cout << "check = " << check(t,d) << endl;
    Point p1 = getPoint(t,d), p2 = getPoint(t,!d);
    cout << p1 << " " << p2 << endl;
    cout << ( abs( p1 - p2 ) + abs( p2 - sp ) ) / v[1] << endl;
  }

    return;
  */
  double L = 0, R = 1e10;
  bool success = false;
  rep(_, 120) {
    double M = (L + R) * 0.5;
    if (check(M, 0) || check(M, 1))
      R = M;
    else
      L = M;
  }
  printf("%.10f\n", L);
}

int main() {
  cin >> n;
  ps.resize(n);
  rep(i, n) cin >> ps[i].x >> ps[i].y;
  cin >> topple.x >> topple.y >> v[0];
  cin >> sp.x >> sp.y >> v[1];
  compute();
  return 0;
}