Problem p01145 (C++)

Buggy submission (status: Time Limit Exceeded):
////////////////////////////////////////
///  tu3 pro-con template            ///
////////////////////////////////////////
#include <algorithm>
#include <bitset>
#include <cassert>
#include <cmath>
#include <complex>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <numeric>
#include <queue>
#include <regex>
#include <set>
#include <sstream>
#include <stack>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

//// MACRO ////
#define countof(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]))

#define REP(i, n) for (int i = 0; i < (n); i++)
#define RREP(i, n) for (int i = (n)-1; i >= 0; i--)
#define FOR(i, s, n) for (int i = (s); i < (n); i++)
#define RFOR(i, s, n) for (int i = (n)-1; i >= (s); i--)
#define pos(c, i) c.being() + (i)
#define allof(c) c.begin(), c.end()
#define aallof(a) a, countof(a)
#define partof(c, i, n) c.begin() + (i), c.begin() + (i) + (n)
#define apartof(a, i, n) a + (i), a + (i) + (n)

#define EPS 1e-9
#define INF (1L << 30)
#define LINF (1LL << 60)

#define PREDICATE(t, a, exp) [&](const t &a) -> bool { return exp; }
#define COMPARISON_T(t) bool (*)(const t &, const t &)
#define COMPARISON(t, a, b, exp)                                               \
  [&](const t &a, const t &b) -> bool { return exp; }
#define CONVERTER(TSrc, t, TDest, exp)                                         \
  [&](const TSrc &t) -> TDest { return exp; }

inline int sign(double x) { return (abs(x) < EPS ? 0 : x > 0 ? 1 : -1); }

//// i/o helper ////

struct _Reader {
  template <class T> _Reader operator,(T &rhs) {
    cin >> rhs;
    return *this;
  }
};
struct _Writer {
  bool f;
  _Writer() : f(false) {}
  template <class T> _Writer operator,(const T &rhs) {
    cout << (f ? " " : "") << rhs;
    f = true;
    return *this;
  }
};
#define READ(t, ...)                                                           \
  t __VA_ARGS__;                                                               \
  _Reader(), __VA_ARGS__
#define WRITE(...)                                                             \
  _Writer(), __VA_ARGS__;                                                      \
  cout << endl

template <class T> struct vevector : public vector<vector<T>> {
  vevector(int n = 0, int m = 0, const T &initial = T())
      : vector<vector<T>>(n, vector<T>(m, initial)) {}
};
template <class T> struct vevevector : public vector<vevector<T>> {
  vevevector(int n = 0, int m = 0, int l = 0, const T &initial = T())
      : vector<vevector<T>>(n, vevector<T>(m, l, initial)) {}
};
template <class T> struct vevevevector : public vector<vevevector<T>> {
  vevevevector(int n = 0, int m = 0, int l = 0, int k = 0,
               const T &initial = T())
      : vector<vevevector<T>>(n, vevevector<T>(m, l, k, initial)) {}
};
template <class T> T read() {
  T t;
  cin >> t;
  return t;
}
template <class T> vector<T> read(int n) {
  vector<T> v;
  REP(i, n) { v.push_back(read<T>()); }
  return v;
}
template <class T> vevector<T> read(int n, int m) {
  vevector<T> v;
  REP(i, n) v.push_back(read<T>(m));
  return v;
}
template <class T> vevector<T> readjag() { return read<T>(read<int>()); }
template <class T> vevector<T> readjag(int n) {
  vevector<T> v;
  REP(i, n) v.push_back(readjag<T>());
  return v;
}

template <class T1, class T2>
inline istream &operator>>(istream &in, pair<T1, T2> &p) {
  in >> p.first >> p.second;
  return in;
}
template <class T1, class T2>
inline ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, pair<T1, T2> &p) {
  out << p.first << p.second;
  return out;
}
template <class T> inline ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, vector<T> &v) {
  ostringstream ss;
  for (auto x : v)
    ss << x << ' ';
  auto s = ss.str();
  out << s.substr(0, s.length() - 1) << endl;
  return out;
}

//// start up ////
void solve();
int main() {
  freopen("E:/My Documents/Downloads/judge-data/C/C2", "r", stdin);
  freopen("E:/My Documents/Downloads/judge-data/C/C2.out", "w", stdout);
  solve();
  return 0;
}

////////////////////
/// template end ///
////////////////////

void solve() {
  int cases = INF;
  REP(_, cases) {
    READ(string, X);
    if (X == "#") {
      break;
    }

    X += "$#?";
    vector<bool> boin(256);
    vector<bool> musei_shiin(256);
    musei_shiin['k'] = musei_shiin['s'] = musei_shiin['t'] = musei_shiin['h'] =
        musei_shiin['p'] = musei_shiin['$'] = true;

    string result;
    result += X[0];
    char hit = '#';

    for (int i = 1; i < X.size() - 3; i++) {
      if (hit == '#') {
        switch (X[i]) {
        case 'i':
        case 'u':
          if ((musei_shiin[X[i - 1]] ||
               i > 1 && X[i - 1] == 'y' &&
                   musei_shiin[X[i - 2]]) // 前が無声子音
              && (musei_shiin[X[i + 1]] ||
                  X[i + 1] == 'y' && musei_shiin[X[i + 2]]) // 後ろが無声子音
          )
            hit = X[i];
          break;
        case 'a':
        case 'o':
          if ((musei_shiin[X[i - 1]] ||
               i > 1 && X[i - 1] == 'y' &&
                   musei_shiin[X[i - 2]]) // 前が無声子音
              && (musei_shiin[X[i + 1]] ||
                  X[i + 1] == 'y' && musei_shiin[X[i + 2]]) // 後ろが無声子音
              && (X[i + 2] == X[i] ||
                  X[i + 2] == 'y' && X[i + 3] == X[i]) // 後ろが同じ母音無声子音
          )
            hit = X[i];
          break;
        }

        if (hit != '#')
          result += '(';
        result += X[i];
        if (hit != '#')
          result += ')';
      } else {
        if (X[i] == 'a' || X[i] == 'i' || X[i] == 'u' || X[i] == 'e' ||
            X[i] == 'o') {
          hit = '#';
        }
        result += X[i];
      }
    }

    WRITE(result);
  }
}

Fixed submission:
////////////////////////////////////////
///  tu3 pro-con template            ///
////////////////////////////////////////
#include <algorithm>
#include <bitset>
#include <cassert>
#include <cmath>
#include <complex>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <numeric>
#include <queue>
#include <regex>
#include <set>
#include <sstream>
#include <stack>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

//// MACRO ////
#define countof(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]))

#define REP(i, n) for (int i = 0; i < (n); i++)
#define RREP(i, n) for (int i = (n)-1; i >= 0; i--)
#define FOR(i, s, n) for (int i = (s); i < (n); i++)
#define RFOR(i, s, n) for (int i = (n)-1; i >= (s); i--)
#define pos(c, i) c.being() + (i)
#define allof(c) c.begin(), c.end()
#define aallof(a) a, countof(a)
#define partof(c, i, n) c.begin() + (i), c.begin() + (i) + (n)
#define apartof(a, i, n) a + (i), a + (i) + (n)

#define EPS 1e-9
#define INF (1L << 30)
#define LINF (1LL << 60)

#define PREDICATE(t, a, exp) [&](const t &a) -> bool { return exp; }
#define COMPARISON_T(t) bool (*)(const t &, const t &)
#define COMPARISON(t, a, b, exp)                                               \
  [&](const t &a, const t &b) -> bool { return exp; }
#define CONVERTER(TSrc, t, TDest, exp)                                         \
  [&](const TSrc &t) -> TDest { return exp; }

inline int sign(double x) { return (abs(x) < EPS ? 0 : x > 0 ? 1 : -1); }

//// i/o helper ////

struct _Reader {
  template <class T> _Reader operator,(T &rhs) {
    cin >> rhs;
    return *this;
  }
};
struct _Writer {
  bool f;
  _Writer() : f(false) {}
  template <class T> _Writer operator,(const T &rhs) {
    cout << (f ? " " : "") << rhs;
    f = true;
    return *this;
  }
};
#define READ(t, ...)                                                           \
  t __VA_ARGS__;                                                               \
  _Reader(), __VA_ARGS__
#define WRITE(...)                                                             \
  _Writer(), __VA_ARGS__;                                                      \
  cout << endl

template <class T> struct vevector : public vector<vector<T>> {
  vevector(int n = 0, int m = 0, const T &initial = T())
      : vector<vector<T>>(n, vector<T>(m, initial)) {}
};
template <class T> struct vevevector : public vector<vevector<T>> {
  vevevector(int n = 0, int m = 0, int l = 0, const T &initial = T())
      : vector<vevector<T>>(n, vevector<T>(m, l, initial)) {}
};
template <class T> struct vevevevector : public vector<vevevector<T>> {
  vevevevector(int n = 0, int m = 0, int l = 0, int k = 0,
               const T &initial = T())
      : vector<vevevector<T>>(n, vevevector<T>(m, l, k, initial)) {}
};
template <class T> T read() {
  T t;
  cin >> t;
  return t;
}
template <class T> vector<T> read(int n) {
  vector<T> v;
  REP(i, n) { v.push_back(read<T>()); }
  return v;
}
template <class T> vevector<T> read(int n, int m) {
  vevector<T> v;
  REP(i, n) v.push_back(read<T>(m));
  return v;
}
template <class T> vevector<T> readjag() { return read<T>(read<int>()); }
template <class T> vevector<T> readjag(int n) {
  vevector<T> v;
  REP(i, n) v.push_back(readjag<T>());
  return v;
}

template <class T1, class T2>
inline istream &operator>>(istream &in, pair<T1, T2> &p) {
  in >> p.first >> p.second;
  return in;
}
template <class T1, class T2>
inline ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, pair<T1, T2> &p) {
  out << p.first << p.second;
  return out;
}
template <class T> inline ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, vector<T> &v) {
  ostringstream ss;
  for (auto x : v)
    ss << x << ' ';
  auto s = ss.str();
  out << s.substr(0, s.length() - 1) << endl;
  return out;
}

//// start up ////
void solve();
int main() {
  solve();
  return 0;
}

////////////////////
/// template end ///
////////////////////

void solve() {
  int cases = INF;
  REP(_, cases) {
    READ(string, X);
    if (X == "#") {
      break;
    }

    X += "$#?";
    vector<bool> boin(256);
    vector<bool> musei_shiin(256);
    musei_shiin['k'] = musei_shiin['s'] = musei_shiin['t'] = musei_shiin['h'] =
        musei_shiin['p'] = musei_shiin['$'] = true;

    string result;
    result += X[0];
    char hit = '#';

    for (int i = 1; i < X.size() - 3; i++) {
      if (hit == '#') {
        switch (X[i]) {
        case 'i':
        case 'u':
          if ((musei_shiin[X[i - 1]] ||
               i > 1 && X[i - 1] == 'y' &&
                   musei_shiin[X[i - 2]]) // 前が無声子音
              && (musei_shiin[X[i + 1]] ||
                  X[i + 1] == 'y' && musei_shiin[X[i + 2]]) // 後ろが無声子音
          )
            hit = X[i];
          break;
        case 'a':
        case 'o':
          if ((musei_shiin[X[i - 1]] ||
               i > 1 && X[i - 1] == 'y' &&
                   musei_shiin[X[i - 2]]) // 前が無声子音
              && (musei_shiin[X[i + 1]] ||
                  X[i + 1] == 'y' && musei_shiin[X[i + 2]]) // 後ろが無声子音
              && (X[i + 2] == X[i] ||
                  X[i + 2] == 'y' && X[i + 3] == X[i]) // 後ろが同じ母音無声子音
          )
            hit = X[i];
          break;
        }

        if (hit != '#')
          result += '(';
        result += X[i];
        if (hit != '#')
          result += ')';
      } else {
        if (X[i] == 'a' || X[i] == 'i' || X[i] == 'u' || X[i] == 'e' ||
            X[i] == 'o') {
          hit = '#';
        }
        result += X[i];
      }
    }

    WRITE(result);
  }
}