An 84-year-old woman with a diameter of 10 mm irregular subsolid nodule in the right 36 middle lobe on computed tomography (CT) images of the chest ( Figure A1 ), was 37 confirmed to have T1bN0M0 lung adenocarcinoma after thoracoscopic right middle 38 lobectomy on January 14. She had 20-year history of hypertension and diabetes, and 39 her pulmonary function testing was normal prior to surgery. This patient complained of 40 cough, expectoration and dyspnea the next day and no any signs of pneumonia 41 displayed on her chest CT images ( Figure A2 ). On the third day after surgery, her 42 lymphocyte count decreased from 1.93×10 9 /L to 0. 