praj-17/QA-MCQ-Open-ended huggingface dataset:
Title: Cyprus
Context: The 1960 Constitution provided for a presidential system of government with independent executive, legislative and judicial branches as well as a complex system of checks and balances including a weighted power-sharing ratio designed to protect the interests of the Turkish Cypriots. The executive was led by a Greek Cypriot president and a Turkish Cypriot vice-president elected by their respective communities for five-year terms and each possessing a right of veto over certain types of legislation and executive decisions. Legislative power rested on the House of Representatives who were also elected on the basis of separate voters' rolls.

question: What types of branches did the 1960 Constitution provide? 

answer: legislative and judicial branches

question: What type of person was the vice-president? 

answer: Turkish Cypriot

question: Where did Legislative power rest? 

answer: the House of Representatives
Title: Cyprus
Context: Since 1965, following clashes between the two communities, the Turkish Cypriot seats in the House remain vacant. In 1974 Cyprus was divided de facto when the Turkish army occupied the northern third of the island. The Turkish Cypriots subsequently declared independence in 1983 as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus but were recognised only by Turkey. In 1985 the TRNC adopted a constitution and held its first elections. The United Nations recognises the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus over the entire island of Cyprus.

question: Which part of Cyprus was occupied by the Turkish army? 

answer: northern third of the island

question: In what years was Cyprus divided? 

answer: 1974

question: In 1983, Turkish Cypriots declared what? 

answer: independence

question: What organization recognizes the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus? 

answer: The United Nations
Title: Cyprus
Context: The House of Representatives currently has 59 members elected for a five-year term, 56 members by proportional representation and 3 observer members representing the Armenian, Latin and Maronite minorities. 24 seats are allocated to the Turkish community but remain vacant since 1964. The political environment is dominated by the communist AKEL, the liberal conservative Democratic Rally, the centrist Democratic Party, the social-democratic EDEK and the centrist EURO.KO. In 2008, Dimitris Christofias became the country's first Communist head of state. Due to his involvement in the 2012–13 Cypriot financial crisis, Christofias did not run for re-election in 2013. The Presidential election in 2013 resulted in Democratic Rally candidate Nicos Anastasiades winning 57.48% of the vote. As a result, Anastasiades was sworn in on and has been President since 28 February 2013.

question: How many members are currently in the House of Representatives? 

answer: 59 members

question: How long is the term for an elected member of the House of Representatives? 

answer: five-year term

question: How many seas are allocated to the Turkish community? 

answer: 24

question: Who became the country's first Communist head of state in 2008? 

answer: Dimitris Christofias

question: Who is the current president of Cyprus? 

answer: Nicos Anastasiades
Title: Cyprus
Context: In "Freedom in the World 2011", Freedom House rated Cyprus as "free". In January 2011, the Report of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights on the question of Human Rights in Cyprus noted that the ongoing division of Cyprus continues to affect human rights throughout the island "... including freedom of movement, human rights pertaining to the question of missing persons, discrimination, the right to life, freedom of religion, and economic, social and cultural rights." The constant focus on the division of the island can sometimes mask other human rights issues.[citation needed]

question: Why does the United Nations question the Human rights status of Cyprus? 

answer: ongoing division of Cyprus continues to affect human rights throughout the island

question: What is the rating for Cyprus in the "Freedom in the World 2011" report? 

answer: free

question: What is one of the reasons for the human rights issues on Cyprus? 

answer: division of the island
Title: Cyprus
Context: In 2014, Turkey was ordered by the European Court of Human Rights to pay well over $100m in compensation to Cyprus for the invasion; Ankara announced that it would ignore the judgment. In 2014, a group of Cypriot refugees and a European parliamentarian, later joined by the Cypriot government, filed a complaint to the International Court of Justice, accusing Turkey of violating the Geneva Conventions by directly or indirectly transferring its civilian population into occupied territory. Over the preceding ten years, civilian transfer by Turkey had "reached new heights", in the words of one US ambassador.[f] Other violations of the Geneva and the Hague Conventions—both ratified by Turkey—amount to what archaeologist Sophocles Hadjisavvas called "the organized destruction of Greek and Christian heritage in the north". These violations include looting of cultural treasures, deliberate destruction of churches, neglect of works of art, and altering the names of important historical sites, which was condemned by the International Council on Monuments and Sites. Hadjisavvas has asserted that these actions are motivated by a Turkish policy of erasing the Greek presence in Northern Cyprus within a framework of ethnic cleansing, as well as by greed and profit-seeking on the part of the individuals involved.

question: How much was Turkey ordered to pay in compensation to Cyprus? 

answer: over $100m

question: Who was accused of violating the Geneva Conventions? 

answer: Turkey

question: What year was Turkey ordered to pay fines to Cyprus? 

answer: 2014

question: Why was Turkey accused of violating the Geneva Conventions? 

answer: directly or indirectly transferring its civilian population into occupied territory
Title: Cyprus
Context: The air force includes the 449th Helicopter Gunship Squadron (449 ΜΑΕ) – operating Aérospatiale SA-342L and Bell 206 and the 450th Helicopter Gunship Squadron (450 ME/P) – operating Mi-35P helicopters and the Britten-Norman BN-2B and Pilatus PC-9 fixed-wing aircraft. Current senior officers include Supreme Commander, Cypriot National Guard, Lt. General Stylianos Nasis, and Chief of Staff, Cypriot National Guard: Maj. General Michalis Flerianos.[citation needed] The Evangelos Florakis Naval Base explosion, which occurred on 11 July 2011, was the most deadly military accident ever recorded in Cyprus.

question: What incident was the most deadly military accident that occurred on Cyprus? 

answer: Evangelos Florakis Naval Base explosion

question: What is one of the senior officer titles of the Cyprus air force? 

answer: Supreme Commander

question: What date did the Evangelos Florakis Naval Base explosion occur? 

answer: 11 July 2011
Title: Cyprus
Context: In the early 21st century the Cypriot economy has diversified and become prosperous. However, in 2012 it became affected by the Eurozone financial and banking crisis. In June 2012, the Cypriot government announced it would need €1.8 billion in foreign aid to support the Cyprus Popular Bank, and this was followed by Fitch downgrading Cyprus's credit rating to junk status. Fitch said Cyprus would need an additional €4 billion to support its banks and the downgrade was mainly due to the exposure of Bank of Cyprus, Cyprus Popular Bank and Hellenic Bank, Cyprus's three largest banks, to the Greek financial crisis.

question: What affected the Cypriot economy in 2012? 

answer: Eurozone financial and banking crisis

question: How much many did the Cypriot government initially announce it needed? 

answer: €1.8 billion

question: What was the amount of additional money requested by Cyprus? 

answer: €4 billion

question: What are the names of Cyprus' three largest banks? 

answer: Bank of Cyprus, Cyprus Popular Bank and Hellenic Bank
Title: Cyprus
Context: The 2012–2013 Cypriot financial crisis led to an agreement with the Eurogroup in March 2013 to split the country's second largest bank, the Cyprus Popular Bank (also known as Laiki Bank), into a "bad" bank which would be wound down over time and a "good" bank which would be absorbed by the Bank of Cyprus. In return for a €10 billion bailout from the European Commission, the European Central Bank and the International Monetary Fund, often referred to as the "troika", the Cypriot government was required to impose a significant haircut on uninsured deposits, a large proportion of which were held by wealthy Russians who used Cyprus as a tax haven. Insured deposits of €100,000 or less were not affected.

question: What did the March 2013 agreement decide? 

answer: split the country's second largest bank

question: Who would eventually absorb the "good" bank of Cyprus Popular Bank? 

answer: Bank of Cyprus

question: What was the amount of bailout money given to Cyprus? 

answer: €10 billion

question: Who was using Cyprus as a tax haven? 

answer: wealthy Russians
Title: Cyprus
Context: According to the latest International Monetary Fund estimates, its per capita GDP (adjusted for purchasing power) at $30,769 is just above the average of the European Union.[citation needed] Cyprus has been sought as a base for several offshore businesses for its low tax rates. Tourism, financial services and shipping are significant parts of the economy. Economic policy of the Cyprus government has focused on meeting the criteria for admission to the European Union. The Cypriot government adopted the euro as the national currency on 1 January 2008.

question: What is the per capita GDP of Cyprus given by the IMF? 

answer: $30,769

question: What are three of the largest contributors to the Cyprus economy? 

answer: Tourism, financial services and shipping

question: When was the Euro declared as the national currency of Cyprus? 

answer: 1 January 2008

question: Why has Cyprus been sought out by offshore businesses? 

answer: low tax rates
Title: Cyprus
Context: In recent years significant quantities of offshore natural gas have been discovered in the area known as Aphrodite in Cyprus' exclusive economic zone (EEZ), about 175 kilometres (109 miles) south of Limassol at 33°5′40″N and 32°59′0″E. However, Turkey's offshore drilling companies have accessed both natural gas and oil resources since 2013. Cyprus demarcated its maritime border with Egypt in 2003, and with Lebanon in 2007. Cyprus and Israel demarcated their maritime border in 2010, and in August 2011, the US-based firm Noble Energy entered into a production-sharing agreement with the Cypriot government regarding the block's commercial development.

question: What resource has been discovered offshore in recent years? 

answer: natural gas

question: With what two countries did Cyprus first demarcate its maritime border? 

answer: Egypt in 2003, and with Lebanon in 2007

question: Which country did Cyprus demarcate its maritime border in 2010? 

answer: Israel

question: What is the name of the US-based firm in a production-sharing agreement with Cyprus? 

answer: Noble Energy
Title: Cyprus
Context: Available modes of transport are by road, sea and air. Of the 10,663 km (6,626 mi) of roads in the Republic of Cyprus in 1998, 6,249 km (3,883 mi) were paved, and 4,414 km (2,743 mi) were unpaved. In 1996 the Turkish-occupied area had a similar ratio of paved to unpaved, with approximately 1,370 km (850 mi) of paved road and 980 km (610 mi) unpaved.[citation needed] Cyprus is one of only four EU nations in which vehicles drive on the left-hand side of the road, a remnant of British colonisation (the others being Ireland, Malta and the United Kingdom). A series of motorways runs along the coast from Paphos east to Ayia Napa, with two motorways running inland to Nicosia, one from Limassol and one from Larnaca.

question: What are the three modes of transport available on Cyprus? 

answer: road, sea and air

question: How many miles of roads are paved on Cyprus? 

answer: 6,249 km (3,883 mi)

question: How many miles of roads are unpaved on Cyprus? 

answer: 4,414 km (2,743 mi)

question: Which side of the road do vehicles on Cyprus drive on? 

answer: left-hand
Title: Cyprus
Context: Due to the inter-communal ethnic tensions between 1963 and 1974, an island-wide census was regarded as impossible. Nevertheless, the Greek Cypriots conducted one in 1973, without the Turkish Cypriot populace. According to this census, the Greek Cypriot population was 482,000. One year later, in 1974, the Cypriot government's Department of Statistics and Research estimated the total population of Cyprus at 641,000; of whom 506,000 (78.9%) were Greeks, and 118,000 (18.4%) Turkish. After the partition of the island in 1974, Greeks conducted four more censuses: in 1976, 1982, 1992 and 2001; these excluded the Turkish population which was resident in the northern part of the island.

question: What was the number of Greek Cypriots on Cyprus in 1973? 

answer: 482,000

question: What did the Cypriot government find was the Greek population on Cyprus? 

answer: 506,000 (78.9%)

question: What did the Cypriot government find was the Turkish population on Cyprus? 

answer: 118,000 (18.4%)

question: In what years did the Greeks conduct extra censuses? 

answer: 1976, 1982, 1992 and 2001

question: Who was excluded from the censuses conducted by the Greeks? 

answer: the Turkish population
Title: Cyprus
Context: According to the 2006 census carried out by Northern Cyprus, there were 256,644 (de jure) people living in Northern Cyprus. 178,031 were citizens of Northern Cyprus, of whom 147,405 were born in Cyprus (112,534 from the north; 32,538 from the south; 371 did not indicate what part of Cyprus they were from); 27,333 born in Turkey; 2,482 born in the UK and 913 born in Bulgaria. Of the 147,405 citizens born in Cyprus, 120,031 say both parents were born in Cyprus; 16,824 say both parents born in Turkey; 10,361 have one parent born in Turkey and one parent born in Cyprus.

question: How many people were living in Northern Cyprus according to the 2006 census? 

answer: 256,644

question: How many citizens born in Cyprus also have parents who were born in Cyprus? 

answer: 120,031

question: How many of the citizens in Northern Cyprus was born in Cyprus? 

answer: 147,405
Title: Cyprus
Context: The majority of Greek Cypriots identify as Greek Orthodox, whereas most Turkish Cypriots are adherents of Sunni Islam. According to Eurobarometer 2005, Cyprus was the second most religious state in the European Union at that time, after Malta (although in 2005 Romania wasn't in the European Union, currently Romania is the most religious state in the European Union) (see Religion in the European Union). The first President of Cyprus, Makarios III, was an archbishop. The current leader of the Greek Orthodox Church of Cyprus is Archbishop Chrysostomos II.

question: What religion do most Greek Cypriots identify with? 

answer: Greek Orthodox

question: What religion do most Turkish Cypriots identify with? 

answer: Sunni Islam

question: What country is the second most religious in the European Union? 

answer: Cyprus

question: Who is the current head of the Greek Orthodox church in Cyprus? 

answer: Archbishop Chrysostomos II
Title: Cyprus
Context: Cyprus has two official languages, Greek and Turkish. Armenian and Cypriot Maronite Arabic are recognised as minority languages. Although without official status, English is widely spoken and it features widely on road signs, public notices, and in advertisements, etc. English was the sole official language during British colonial rule and the lingua franca until 1960, and continued to be used (de facto) in courts of law until 1989 and in legislation until 1996. 80.4% of Cypriots are proficient in the English language as a second language. Russian is widely spoken among the country's minorities, residents and citizens of post-Soviet countries, and Pontic Greeks. Russian, after English and Greek, is the third language used on many signs of shops and restaurants, particularly in Limassol and Paphos. In addition to these languages, 12% speak French and 5% speak German.

question: How many official languages does Cyprus have? 

answer: two

question: What are the two official languages of Cyprus? 

answer: Greek and Turkish

question: What are the minority languages are spoken in Cyprus? 

answer: Armenian and Cypriot Maronite Arabic

question: Are there any Western languages spoken in Cyprus? 

answer: English

question: Are there any Eastern languages spoken in Cyprus? 

answer: Russian
Title: Cyprus
Context: State schools are generally seen as equivalent in quality of education to private-sector institutions. However, the value of a state high-school diploma is limited by the fact that the grades obtained account for only around 25% of the final grade for each topic, with the remaining 75% assigned by the teacher during the semester, in a minimally transparent way. Cypriot universities (like universities in Greece) ignore high school grades almost entirely for admissions purposes. While a high-school diploma is mandatory for university attendance, admissions are decided almost exclusively on the basis of scores at centrally administered university entrance examinations that all university candidates are required to take.

question: What do Cypriot universities ignore when looking at admission? 

answer: high school grades

question: What is required for university attendance? 

answer: high-school diploma

question: What plays a large factor in determining admission at a university? 

answer: university entrance examinations

question: What percentage do grades obtained account for in a students final grade? 

answer: 25%
Title: Cyprus
Context: The majority of Cypriots receive their higher education at Greek, British, Turkish, other European and North American universities. It is noteworthy that Cyprus currently has the highest percentage of citizens of working age who have higher-level education in the EU at 30% which is ahead of Finland's 29.5%. In addition, 47% of its population aged 25–34 have tertiary education, which is the highest in the EU. The body of Cypriot students is highly mobile, with 78.7% studying in a university outside Cyprus.

question: Where do most Cypriots receiver higher education? 

answer: Greek, British, Turkish, other European and North American universities

question: What nation has the highest level percentage of working citizens with higher-level education? 

answer: Cyprus

question: What percentage of the 25-34 Cyprus population has tertiary education? 

answer: 47%

question: How many Cypriots students attend school outside of the country 

answer: 78.7%
Title: Cyprus
Context: Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots share a lot in common in their culture but also have differences. Several traditional food (such as souvla and halloumi) and beverages are similar, as well as expressions and ways of life. Hospitality and buying or offering food and drinks for guests or others are common among both. In both communities, music, dance and art are integral parts of social life and many artistic, verbal and nonverbal expressions, traditional dances such as tsifteteli, similarities in dance costumes and importance placed on social activities are shared between the communities. However, the two communities have distinct religions and religious cultures, with the Greek Cypriots traditionally being Greek Orthodox and Turkish Cypriots traditionally being Sunni Muslims, which has partly hindered cultural exchange. Greek Cypriots have influences from Greece and Christianity, while Turkish Cypriots have influences from Turkey and Islam.

question: Which foods do Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots have in common? 

answer: souvla and halloumi

question: Which art forms are integral parts of everyday life? 

answer: music, dance and art

question: What is something that Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots do not have in common? 

answer: religions and religious

question: What religion do Greek Cypriots usually practice? 

answer: Greek Orthodox

question: What religion do Greek Cypriots usually practice? 

answer: Sunni Muslims
Title: Cyprus
Context: In modern times Cypriot art history begins with the painter Vassilis Vryonides (1883–1958) who studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Venice. Arguably the two founding fathers of modern Cypriot art were Adamantios Diamantis (1900–1994) who studied at London's Royal College of Art and Christopheros Savva (1924–1968) who also studied in London, at Saint Martin's School of Art. In many ways these two artists set the template for subsequent Cypriot art and both their artistic styles and the patterns of their education remain influential to this day. In particular the majority of Cypriot artists still train in England while others train at art schools in Greece and local art institutions such as the Cyprus College of Art, University of Nicosia and the Frederick Institute of Technology.

question: Who was the first important Cyprus painter of modern times? 

answer: Vassilis Vryonides

question: Where did Vassilis Vryonides study? 

answer: Academy of Fine Arts in Venice

question: Name one of the individuals considered the founding fathers of modern Cypriot art. 

answer: Adamantios Diamantis

question: Name the other individual considered the founding fathers of modern Cypriot art. 

answer: Christopheros Savva

question: Where do many Cypriot artists train? 

answer: England
Title: Cyprus
Context: One of the features of Cypriot art is a tendency towards figurative painting although conceptual art is being rigorously promoted by a number of art "institutions" and most notably the Nicosia Municipal Art Centre. Municipal art galleries exist in all the main towns and there is a large and lively commercial art scene. Cyprus was due to host the international art festival Manifesta in 2006 but this was cancelled at the last minute following a dispute between the Dutch organizers of Manifesta and the Cyprus Ministry of Education and Culture over the location of some of the Manifesta events in the Turkish sector of the capital Nicosia.

question: What type of art is being promoted by art institutions in Cyprus? 

answer: conceptual art

question: What types of places can Cypriots visit to experience art? 

answer: Municipal art galleries

question: What year was Cyprus supposed to host the international art festival Manifesta? 

answer: 2006
Title: Cyprus
Context: The traditional folk music of Cyprus has several common elements with Greek, Turkish, and Arabic music including Greco-Turkish dances such as the sousta, syrtos, zeibekikos, tatsia, and karsilamas as well as the Middle Eastern-inspired tsifteteli and arapies. There is also a form of musical poetry known as chattista which is often performed at traditional feasts and celebrations. The instruments commonly associated with Cyprus folk music are the bouzouki, oud ("outi"), violin ("fkiolin"), lute ("laouto"), accordion, Cyprus flute ("pithkiavlin") and percussion (including the "toumperleki"). Composers associated with traditional Cypriot music include Evagoras Karageorgis, Marios Tokas, Solon Michaelides and Savvas Salides. Among musicians is also the acclaimed pianist Cyprien Katsaris and composer and artistic director of the European Capital of Culture initiative Marios Joannou Elia.

question: Traditional Cyprus music has what other types of genres in common? 

answer: Greek, Turkish, and Arabic

question: What are the names of the Greco-Turkish dances? 

answer: sousta, syrtos, zeibekikos, tatsia, and karsilamas

question: What are the names of the Middle-Eastern inspired dances? 

answer: tsifteteli and arapies

question: What is chattista? 

answer: form of musical poetry

question: Where is chattista performed? 

answer: traditional feasts and celebrations