praj-17/QA-MCQ-Open-ended huggingface dataset:
Title: Tuvalu
Context: The traditional buildings of Tuvalu used plants and trees from the native broadleaf forest, including timber from: Pouka, (Hernandia peltata); Ngia or Ingia bush, (Pemphis acidula); Miro, (Thespesia populnea); Tonga, (Rhizophora mucronata); Fau or Fo fafini, or woman's fibre tree (Hibiscus tiliaceus). and fibre from: coconut; Ferra, native fig (Ficus aspem); Fala, screw pine or Pandanus. The buildings were constructed without nails and were lashed and tied together with a plaited sennit rope that was handmade from dried coconut fibre.

question: What were the traditional building materials on Tuvalu? 

answer: plants and trees

question: What type of trees provided lumber for building on Tuvalu? 

answer: broadleaf forest

question: What building material did coconut provide? 

answer: fibre

question: What construction feature was lacking in Tuvaluan building? 

answer: nails

question: From what was rope made for tying buildings together? 

answer: dried coconut fibre
Title: Tuvalu
Context: The women of Tuvalu use cowrie and other shells in traditional handicrafts. The artistic traditions of Tuvalu have traditionally been expressed in the design of clothing and traditional handicrafts such as the decoration of mats and fans. Crochet (kolose) is one of the art forms practiced by Tuvaluan women. The material culture of Tuvalu uses traditional design elements in artefacts used in everyday life such as the design of canoes and fish hooks made from traditional materials. The design of women's skirts (titi), tops (teuga saka), headbands, armbands, and wristbands, which continue to be used in performances of the traditional dance songs of Tuvalu, represents contemporary Tuvaluan art and design.

question: What sea creatures were used in traditional handicrafts? 

answer: shells

question: In what item has Tuvalu traditional design been produced? 

answer: clothing

question: What type of decorative items use traditional Tuvalu designs? 

answer: mats and fans

question: For what  have objects having traditional design been used? 

answer: everyday life

question: What traditional purpose are Tuvalu designs still used? 

answer: dance songs
Title: Tuvalu
Context: The cuisine of Tuvalu is based on the staple of coconut and the many species of fish found in the ocean and lagoons of the atolls. Desserts made on the islands include coconut and coconut milk, instead of animal milk. The traditional foods eaten in Tuvalu are pulaka, taro, bananas, breadfruit and coconut. Tuvaluans also eat seafood, including coconut crab and fish from the lagoon and ocean. A traditional food source is seabirds (taketake or black noddy and akiaki or white tern), with pork being eaten mostly at fateles (or parties with dancing to celebrate events).

question: What is the stable protein  of Tuvalu? 

answer: fish

question: What vegetable features in the Tuvalu diet? 

answer: coconut

question: What kind of milk has been replaced with coconut milk on Tuvalu? 

answer: animal

question: What type of meat is eaten on Tuvalu? 

answer: seabirds

question: At what event is pork traditionally eaten on Tuvalu? 

answer: fateles
Title: Tuvalu
Context: Another important building is the falekaupule or maneapa the traditional island meeting hall, where important matters are discussed and which is also used for wedding celebrations and community activities such as a fatele involving music, singing and dancing. Falekaupule is also used as the name of the council of elders – the traditional decision making body on each island. Under the Falekaupule Act, Falekaupule means "traditional assembly in each island...composed in accordance with the Aganu of each island". Aganu means traditional customs and culture.

question: What type of structure is the falekaupule? 

answer: meeting hall

question: Besides meetings, for what other use is the meeting hall used? 

answer: celebrations

question: Aside from being defined as a meeting hall, what other definition does falekaupule have?  

answer: council of elders

question: What is the traditional use of the falekaupule? 

answer: decision making body

question: What is the traditional customs and culture on Tuvalu? 

answer: Aganu
Title: Tuvalu
Context: A traditional sport played in Tuvalu is kilikiti, which is similar to cricket. A popular sport specific to Tuvalu is Ano, which is played with two round balls of 12 cm (5 in) diameter. Ano is a localised version of volleyball, in which the two hard balls made from pandanus leaves are volleyed at great speed with the team members trying to stop the Ano hitting the ground. Traditional sports in the late 19th century were foot racing, lance throwing, quarterstaff fencing and wrestling, although the Christian missionaries disapproved of these activities.

question: What is the traditional sport on Tuvalu? 

answer: kilikiti

question: What is the Tuvalu version of volley ball? 

answer: Ano

question: To what sport is kilikiti like? 

answer: cricket

question: What group disliked the traditional war-like sports of Tuvalu? 

answer: Christian missionaries

question: With what equipment is ano played? 

answer: two hard balls
Title: Tuvalu
Context: The popular sports in Tuvalu include kilikiti, Ano, football, futsal, volleyball, handball, basketball and rugby union. Tuvalu has sports organisations for athletics, badminton, tennis, table tennis, volleyball, football, basketball, rugby union, weightlifting and powerlifting. At the 2013 Pacific Mini Games, Tuau Lapua Lapua won Tuvalu's first gold medal in an international competition in the weightlifting 62 kilogram male snatch. (He also won bronze in the clean and jerk, and obtained the silver medal overall for the combined event.) In 2015 Telupe Iosefa received the first gold medal won by Tuvalu at the Pacific Games in the powerlifting 120 kg male division.

question: What athlete won Tuvalu's first gold metal in competition?  

answer: Tuau Lapua Lapua

question: In which competition did Lapua win a metal for Tuvalu? 

answer: Pacific Mini Games

question: In what contests did Lapua win  metals for Tuvalu? 

answer: weightlifting

question: Who won a gold metal at the Pacific Games? 

answer: Telupe Iosefa

question: In what type of competition did Telupe losefa win in 2015? 

answer: powerlifting
Title: Tuvalu
Context: A major sporting event is the "Independence Day Sports Festival" held annually on 1 October. The most important sports event within the country is arguably the Tuvalu Games, which are held yearly since 2008. Tuvalu first participated in the Pacific Games in 1978 and in the Commonwealth Games in 1998, when a weightlifter attended the games held at Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Two table tennis players attended the 2002 Commonwealth Games in Manchester, England; Tuvalu entered competitors in shooting, table tennis and weightlifting at the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne, Australia; three athletes participated in the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi, India, entering the discus, shot put and weightlifting events; and a team of 3 weightlifters and 2 table tennis players attended the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. Tuvaluan athletes have also participated in the men's and women's 100 metre sprints at the World Championships in Athletics from 2009.

question: What is a major annual sports event in Tuvalu? 

answer: Independence Day Sports Festival

question: What is the most important sports event held on Tuvalu? 

answer: Tuvalu Games

question: In what year did Tuvalu first appear in the Commonwealth Games? 

answer: 1998

question: What type of competitor entered the commonwealth Games in 1998? 

answer: weightlifter

question: What competitions have Tuvalu athletes entered in the World Championships in Athletics? 

answer: 100 metre sprints
Title: Tuvalu
Context: From 1996 to 2002, Tuvalu was one of the best-performing Pacific Island economies and achieved an average real gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate of 5.6% per annum. Since 2002 economic growth has slowed, with GDP growth of 1.5% in 2008. Tuvalu was exposed to rapid rises in world prices of fuel and food in 2008, with the level of inflation peaking at 13.4%. The International Monetary Fund 2010 Report on Tuvalu estimates that Tuvalu experienced zero growth in its 2010 GDP, after the economy contracted by about 2% in 2009. On 5 August 2012, the Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) concluded the Article IV consultation with Tuvalu, and assessed the economy of Tuvalu: "A slow recovery is underway in Tuvalu, but there are important risks. GDP grew in 2011 for the first time since the global financial crisis, led by the private retail sector and education spending. We expect growth to rise slowly". The IMF 2014 Country Report noted that real GDP growth in Tuvalu had been volatile averaging only 1 percent in the past decade. The 2014 Country Report describes economic growth prospects as generally positive as the result of large revenues from fishing licenses, together with substantial foreign aid.

question: What was Tuvalu's GDP rate from 1996 to 2002? 

answer: 5.6%

question:  What has been the GDP of Tuvalu in 2008? 

answer: 1.5%

question: What rises in cost have effected Tuvalu's domestic growth? 

answer: fuel and food

question: What has been the level of domestic growth in 2010 on Tuvalu? 

answer: zero growth

question: What does Tuvalu expect as a return in fishing licenses and foreign aid? 

answer: large revenues
Title: Tuvalu
Context: Banking services are provided by the National Bank of Tuvalu. Public sector workers make up about 65% of those formally employed. Remittances from Tuvaluans living in Australia and New Zealand, and remittances from Tuvaluan sailors employed on overseas ships are important sources of income for Tuvaluans. Approximately 15% of adult males work as seamen on foreign-flagged merchant ships. Agriculture in Tuvalu is focused on coconut trees and growing pulaka in large pits of composted soil below the water table. Tuvaluans are otherwise involved in traditional subsistence agriculture and fishing.

question: What business provides banking services on Tuvalu? 

answer: National Bank of Tuvalu

question: Where are many of those who provide income to residents earning? 

answer: overseas

question: How do 15% of male Tuvaluans earn their income? 

answer: seamen

question: What percentage of the Tuvalu workforce is in the public sector? 

answer: 65%

question: What are the traditional forms of living employed by Tuvaluans? 

answer: agriculture and fishing.
Title: Tuvalu
Context: Tuvaluans are well known for their seafaring skills, with the Tuvalu Maritime Training Institute on Amatuku motu (island), Funafuti, providing training to approximately 120 marine cadets each year so that they have the skills necessary for employment as seafarers on merchant shipping. The Tuvalu Overseas Seamen's Union (TOSU) is the only registered trade union in Tuvalu. It represents workers on foreign ships. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) estimates that 800 Tuvaluan men are trained, certified and active as seafarers. The ADB estimates that, at any one time, about 15% of the adult male population works abroad as seafarers. Job opportunities also exist as observers on tuna boats where the role is to monitor compliance with the boat's tuna fishing licence.

question: What school provides maritime education on Tuvalu? 

answer: Tuvalu Maritime Training Institute

question: What is the yearly number of cadets at the Maritime Training Institute? 

answer: 120

question: What is the only trade union on Tuvalu? 

answer: Tuvalu Overseas Seamen's Union

question: On what does the Seaman'd Union represent workers? 

answer: on foreign ships

question: How many Tuvaluan men are active seafarers? 

answer: 800
Title: Tuvalu
Context: Government revenues largely come from sales of fishing licenses, income from the Tuvalu Trust Fund, and from the lease of its highly fortuitous .tv Internet Top Level Domain (TLD). In 1998, Tuvalu began deriving revenue from the use of its area code for premium-rate telephone numbers and from the commercialisation of its ".tv" Internet domain name, which is now managed by Verisign until 2021. The ".tv" domain name generates around $2.2 million each year from royalties, which is about ten per cent of the government's total revenue. Domain name income paid most of the cost of paving the streets of Funafuti and installing street lighting in mid-2002. Tuvalu also generates income from stamps by the Tuvalu Philatelic Bureau and income from the Tuvalu Ship Registry.

question: How much money does Tuvalu's tv domain name earn each year? 

answer: $2.2 million

question: What si Tuvalu's tv domain? 

answer: Top Level Domain

question: What company is managing Tuvalu's tv domain? 

answer: Verisign

question: How much of the total government revenue comes from the domain name? 

answer: ten per cent

question: What  income source does Tuvalu earn from shipping? 

answer: Tuvalu Ship Registry
Title: Tuvalu
Context: The United Nations designates Tuvalu as a least developed country (LDC) because of its limited potential for economic development, absence of exploitable resources and its small size and vulnerability to external economic and environmental shocks. Tuvalu participates in the Enhanced Integrated Framework for Trade-Related Technical Assistance to Least Developed Countries (EIF), which was established in October 1997 under the auspices of the World Trade Organisation. In 2013 Tuvalu deferred its graduation from least developed country (LDC) status to a developing country to 2015. Prime Minister Enele Sopoaga said that this deferral was necessary to maintain access by Tuvalu to the funds provided by the United Nations's National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA), as "Once Tuvalu graduates to a developed country, it will not be considered for funding assistance for climate change adaptation programmes like NAPA, which only goes to LDCs". Tuvalu had met targets so that Tuvalu was to graduate from LDC status. Prime minister, Enele Sopoaga wants the United Nations to reconsider its criteria for graduation from LDC status as not enough weight is given to the environmental plight of small island states like Tuvalu in the application of the Environmental Vulnerability Index (EVI).

question: What is the UN developmental designation for Tuvalu? 

answer: least developed

question: What did Tuvalu do in 2013 in regards to it least developed country status? 

answer: deferred its graduation

question: What organization sponsors an assistance program for least developed countries? 

answer: World Trade Organisation

question: What would Tuvalu have lost as a developed country? 

answer: funding assistance

question: What type of problem does the current developed country rating not take into enough consideration? 

answer: environmental
Title: Tuvalu
Context: The Tuvalu Media Department of the Government of Tuvalu operates Radio Tuvalu which broadcasts from Funafuti. In 2011 the Japanese government provided financial support to construct a new AM broadcast studio. The installation of upgraded transmission equipment allows Radio Tuvalu to be heard on all nine islands of Tuvalu. The new AM radio transmitter on Funafuti replaced the FM radio service to the outer islands and freed up satellite bandwidth for mobile services. Fenui – news from Tuvalu is a free digital publication of the Tuvalu Media Department that is emailed to subscribers and operates a Facebook page, which publishes news about government activities and news about Tuvaluan events, such as a special edition covering the results of the 2015 general election.

question: What is the radio station on Tuvalu? 

answer: Radio Tuvalu

question: From where does Radio Tuvalu broadcast? 

answer: Funafuti

question: Who gave financial support to Tuvalu to upgrade transmission equipment? 

answer: Japanese government

question: What did the new radio equipment replace with AM service?  

answer: FM radio

question: What service got more bandwidth from the transmission upgrade? 

answer: mobile
Title: Tuvalu
Context: Funafuti is the only port but there is a deep-water berth in the harbour at Nukufetau. The merchant marine fleet consists of two passenger/cargo ships Nivaga III and Manu Folau. These ships carry cargo and passengers between the main atolls and travel between Suva, Fiji and Funafuti 3 to 4 times a year. The Nivaga III and Manu Folau provide round trip visits to the outer islands every three or four weeks. The Manu Folau is a 50-metre vessel that was a gift from Japan to the people of Tuvalu. In 2015 the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) assisted the government of Tuvalu to acquire MV Talamoana, a 30-metre vessel that will be used to implement Tuvalu's National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) to transport government officials and project personnel to the outer islands. In 2015 the Nivaga III was donated by the government of Japan; it replaced the Nivaga II, which had serviced Tuvalu from 1989.

question: Where is Tuvalu's only port? 

answer: Funafuti

question: Where is there a deep water berth available on Tuvalu? 

answer: Nukufetau

question: Of how many ships does the merchant marine fleet consist? 

answer: two

question: What ship did Japan donate to Tuvalu in 2015? 

answer: Nivaga III

question: What do Tuvalu's merchant fleet carry? 

answer: cargo and passengers
Title: Tuvalu
Context: Tuvalu consists of three reef islands and six true atolls. Its small, scattered group of atolls have poor soil and a total land area of only about 26 square kilometres (10 square miles) making it the fourth smallest country in the world. The islets that form the atolls are very low lying. Nanumanga, Niutao, Niulakita are reef islands and the six true atolls are Funafuti, Nanumea, Nui, Nukufetau, Nukulaelae and Vaitupu. Tuvalu's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) covers an oceanic area of approximately 900,000 km2.

question: How many reef islands does the Tuvalu group have? 

answer: three

question: What are the number of true atolls are in the Tuvalu islands? 

answer: six

question: What is the total land area of Tuvalu? 

answer: 26 square kilometres

question: How does Tuvalu rank in country size as compared to other nations? 

answer: fourth smallest

question: What is the coverage of Tuvalu's economic zone? 

answer: 900,000 km2
Title: Tuvalu
Context: Funafuti is the largest atoll of the nine low reef islands and atolls that form the Tuvalu volcanic island chain. It comprises numerous islets around a central lagoon that is approximately 25.1 kilometres (15.6 miles) (N–S) by 18.4 kilometres (11.4 miles) (W-E), centred on 179°7'E and 8°30'S. On the atolls, an annular reef rim surrounds the lagoon with several natural reef channels. Surveys were carried out in May 2010 of the reef habitats of Nanumea, Nukulaelae and Funafuti and a total of 317 fish species were recorded during this Tuvalu Marine Life study. The surveys identified 66 species that had not previously been recorded in Tuvalu, which brings the total number of identified species to 607.

question: Which of Tuvalu's atolls is largest? 

answer: Funafuti

question: What type of island grouping is Tuvalu? 

answer: volcanic island chain

question: What are the map coordinates fro Tuvalu? 

answer: 179°7'E and 8°30'S

question: How species of creatures inhabit the Tuvalu lagoon? 

answer: 607

question: How many new species were were found in the Tuvalu area that had not been previously recorded? 

answer: 66
Title: Tuvalu
Context: Tuvalu experiences the effects of El Niño and La Niña caused by changes in ocean temperatures in the equatorial and central Pacific. El Niño effects increase the chances of tropical storms and cyclones, while La Niña effects increase the chances of drought. Typically the islands of Tuvalu receive between 200 to 400 mm (8 to 16 in) of rainfall per month. However, in 2011 a weak La Niña effect caused a drought by cooling the surface of the sea around Tuvalu. A state of emergency was declared on 28 September 2011; with rationing of fresh-water on the islands of Funafuti and Nukulaelae. Households on Funafuti and Nukulaelae were restricted to two buckets of fresh water per day (40 litres).

question: What specific ocean temperature conditions effect Tuvalu? 

answer: El Niño and La Niña

question: Which effect causes increases in sea storms like cyclones? 

answer: El Niño

question: What temperature effect causes drought? 

answer: La Niña

question: What did a drought in 2011 cause on Funafuti? 

answer: rationing of fresh-water

question: What is the usual amount of rainfall per month on Tuvalu? 

answer: 200 to 400 mm
Title: Tuvalu
Context: The governments of Australia and New Zealand responded to the 2011 fresh-water crisis by supplying temporary desalination plants, and assisted in the repair of the existing desalination unit that was donated by Japan in 2006. In response to the 2011 drought, Japan funded the purchase of a 100 m3/d desalination plant and two portable 10 m3/d plants as part of its Pacific Environment Community (PEC) program. Aid programs from the European Union and Australia also provided water tanks as part of the longer term solution for the storage of available fresh water.

question: What type of device did Australia and New Zealand offer to Tuvalu during the 2011 drought? 

answer: desalination plants

question: As aprt of what program did Japan fund a new desalination plant at Tuvalu? 

answer: Pacific Environment Community

question: What did aid from the European Union provide during the drought on Tuvalu? 

answer: water tanks

question: What did Tuvalu's new water tanks make possible to store? 

answer: fresh water

question: In what year had Japan previously donated a desalination plant to Tuvalu? 

answer: 2006
Title: Tuvalu
Context: The eastern shoreline of Funafuti Lagoon was modified during World War II when the airfield (what is now Funafuti International Airport) was constructed. The coral base of the atoll was used as fill to create the runway. The resulting borrow pits impacted the fresh-water aquifer. In the low areas of Funafuti the sea water can be seen bubbling up through the porous coral rock to form pools with each high tide. Since 1994 a project has been in development to assess the environmental impact of transporting sand from the lagoon to fill all the borrow pits and low-lying areas on Fongafale. In 2014 the Tuvalu Borrow Pits Remediation (BPR) project was approved in order to fill 10 borrow pits, leaving Tafua Pond, which is a natural pond. The New Zealand Government funded the BPR project. The project was carried out in 2015 with 365,000 sqm of sand being dredged from the lagoon to fill the holes and improve living conditions on the island. This project increase the usable land space on Fongafale by eight per cent.

question: What is the modern name for the air field built during WWII? 

answer: Funafuti International Airport

question: What was damaged by building of the war time air field? 

answer: Funafuti Lagoon

question: What has the pits from the Tuvalu air runways construction  impacted? 

answer: fresh-water aquifer

question: What government funded the restoration of the borrow pits on Tuvalu? 

answer: New Zealand Government

question: How much increase in land space did the filling of the borrow pits cause? 

answer: eight per cent