praj-17/QA-MCQ-Open-ended huggingface dataset:
Title: Liberia
Context: In 1822, the American Colonization Society began sending African-American volunteers to the Pepper Coast to establish a colony for freed African Americans. By 1867, the ACS (and state-related chapters) had assisted in the migration of more than 13,000 African Americans to Liberia. These free African Americans and their descendants married within their community and came to identify as Americo-Liberians. Many were of mixed race and educated in American culture; they did not identify with the indigenous natives of the tribes they encountered. They intermarried largely within the colonial community, developing an ethnic group that had a cultural tradition infused with American notions of political republicanism and Protestant Christianity.

question: African  Americans were sent to the pepper coast to do what? 

answer: establish a colony for freed African Americans.

question: By 1837 the ACS had assisted in moving how many african americans to liberia? 

answer: 13,000

question: What did African Americans who were moved to Liberia identify as?  

answer: Americo-Liberians

question: Who did Americo-Liberians not identify with?  

answer: indigenous natives of the tribes they encountered

question: What did African Americans moved to Liberia keep from America? 

answer: cultural tradition
Title: Liberia
Context: The Americo-Liberian settlers did not identify with the indigenous peoples they encountered, especially those in communities of the more isolated "bush." They knew nothing of their cultures, languages or animist religion. Encounters with tribal Africans in the bush often developed as violent confrontations. The colonial settlements were raided by the Kru and Grebo people from their inland chiefdoms. Because of feeling set apart and superior by their culture and education to the indigenous peoples, the Americo-Liberians developed as a small elite that held on to political power. It excluded the indigenous tribesmen from birthright citizenship in their own lands until 1904, in a repetition of the United States' treatment of Native Americans. Because of the cultural gap between the groups and assumption of superiority of western culture, the Americo-Liberians envisioned creating a western-style state to which the tribesmen should assimilate. They encouraged religious organizations to set up missions and schools to educate the indigenous peoples.

question: The americo-liberians did not identify with who? 

answer: indigenous peoples they encountered,

question: What were americo-liberians encounters like with tribal Africans" 

answer: violent confrontations.

question: Who raided the colonial settlements? 

answer: the Kru and Grebo people from their inland chiefdoms.

question: What did Americo-liberians exclude tribes from? 

answer: citizenship in their own lands

question: Americo-Liberians set up missions and schools to do what?  

answer: to educate the indigenous peoples.
Title: Liberia
Context: On April 12, 1980, a military coup led by Master Sergeant Samuel Doe of the Krahn ethnic group overthrew and killed President William R. Tolbert, Jr.. Doe and the other plotters later executed a majority of Tolbert's cabinet and other Americo-Liberian government officials and True Whig Party members. The coup leaders formed the People's Redemption Council (PRC) to govern the country. A strategic Cold War ally of the West, Doe received significant financial backing from the United States while critics condemned the PRC for corruption and political repression.

question: Who was responsible for the death of William R. Tolbert? 

answer: a military coup led by Master Sergeant Samuel Doe of the Krahn ethnic group

question: On what date was William R. Tolbert killed? 

answer: April 12, 1980

question: Who was also executed on the day of William R. Tolbert's death? 

answer: majority of Tolbert's cabinet and other Americo-Liberian government officials and True Whig Party members.

question: The coup leaders later became known as? 

answer: the People's Redemption Council

question: What was the PRC criticized for ? 

answer: corruption and political repression
Title: Liberia
Context: The rebels soon split into various factions fighting one another. The Economic Community Monitoring Group under the Economic Community of West African States organized a military task force to intervene in the crisis. From 1989 to 1996 one of Africa's bloodiest civil wars ensued, claiming the lives of more than 200,000 Liberians and displacing a million others into refugee camps in neighboring countries. A peace deal between warring parties was reached in 1995, leading to Taylor's election as president in 1997.

question: What eventually happened to the rebels? 

answer: split into various factions fighting one another.

question: Who intervened in the rebel crisis? 

answer: The Economic Community Monitoring Group under the Economic Community of West African States

question: What did the economic community monitoring group do to intervene in the crisis? 

answer: organized a military task force

question: During what period did the African civil war last? 

answer: 1989 to 1996

question: How many liberians died in the civil war? 

answer: 200,000
Title: Liberia
Context: In March 2003, a second rebel group, Movement for Democracy in Liberia, began launching attacks against Taylor from the southeast. Peace talks between the factions began in Accra in June of that year, and Taylor was indicted by the Special Court for Sierra Leone for crimes against humanity that same month. By July 2003, the rebels had launched an assault on Monrovia. Under heavy pressure from the international community and the domestic Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace movement, Taylor resigned in August 2003 and went into exile in Nigeria.

question: What is "Movement For democracy in Liberia"? 

answer: a second rebel group,

question: Movement For democracy in Liberia launched attacks against who? 

answer: Taylor

question: where did peace talks begin between Movement For democracy in Liberia and Taylor? 

answer: Accra in June of that year

question: Why was Taylor indicted by a special court ? 

answer: for crimes against humanity

question: Who did the rebels launch an assault on in July, 2003? 

answer: Monrovia.
Title: Liberia
Context: The subsequent 2005 elections were internationally regarded as the most free and fair in Liberian history. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, a Harvard-trained economist and former Minister of Finance, was elected as the first female president in Africa. Upon her inauguration, Sirleaf requested the extradition of Taylor from Nigeria and transferred him to the SCSL for trial in The Hague. In 2006, the government established a Truth and Reconciliation Commission to address the causes and crimes of the civil war.

question: The 2005 elections were known as what? 

answer: the most free and fair in Liberian history

question: Who is ellen johnson sirleaf? 

answer: a Harvard-trained economist and former Minister of Finance

question: Who was elected the first female president of Africa? 

answer: Ellen Johnson Sirleaf

question: Movement For democracy in Liberia requested the extradition of whom" 

answer: Taylor from Nigeria

question: What was created to address the causes of civil war? 

answer: Truth and Reconciliation Commission
Title: Liberia
Context: Liberia is divided into fifteen counties, which, in turn, are subdivided into a total of 90 districts and further subdivided into clans. The oldest counties are Grand Bassa and Montserrado, both founded in 1839 prior to Liberian independence. Gbarpolu is the newest county, created in 2001. Nimba is the largest of the counties in size at 11,551 km2 (4,460 sq mi), while Montserrado is the smallest at 1,909 km2 (737 sq mi). Montserrado is also the most populous county with 1,144,806 residents as of the 2008 census.

question: How many counties is liberia divided into? 

answer: fifteen

question: How many districts are the 15 counties of liberia divided into? 

answer: 90

question: What is the oldest county in liberia? 

answer: Grand Bassa

question: When was Grand Bassa founded? 

answer: 1839

question: What is Liberia's newest county? 

answer: Gbarpolu
Title: Liberia
Context: The Legislature is composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The House, led by a speaker, has 73 members apportioned among the 15 counties on the basis of the national census, with each county receiving a minimum of two members. Each House member represents an electoral district within a county as drawn by the National Elections Commission and is elected by a plurality of the popular vote of their district into a six-year term. The Senate is made up of two senators from each county for a total of 30 senators. Senators serve nine-year terms and are elected at-large by a plurality of the popular vote. The vice president serves as the President of the Senate, with a President pro tempore serving in their absence.

question: What is the legislature composed of?  

answer: the Senate and the House of Representatives

question: How many members are in a house? 

answer: 73

question: Who is the house led by? 

answer: a speaker

question: What are the 73 members of the house are appropriated among?  

answer: the 15 counties on the basis of the national census

question: What is the senate made up of? 

answer: two senators from each county for a total of 30 senators.
Title: Liberia
Context: Liberia's highest judicial authority is the Supreme Court, made up of five members and headed by the Chief Justice of Liberia. Members are nominated to the court by the president and are confirmed by the Senate, serving until the age of 70. The judiciary is further divided into circuit and speciality courts, magistrate courts and justices of the peace. The judicial system is a blend of common law, based on Anglo-American law, and customary law. An informal system of traditional courts still exists within the rural areas of the country, with trial by ordeal remaining common despite being officially outlawed.

question: What is Liberia's highest judicial authority?  

answer: Supreme Court

question: How many members are in the Supreme court? 

answer: five

question: Who is the head of the supreme court? 

answer: the Chief Justice of Liberia

question: How are members chosen for the court? 

answer: Members are nominated to the court by the president and are confirmed by the Senate

question: How long do members of the supreme court serve? 

answer: until the age of 70
Title: Liberia
Context: Liberia scored a 3.3 on a scale from 10 (highly clean) to 0 (highly corrupt) on the 2010 Corruption Perceptions Index. This gave it a ranking 87th of 178 countries worldwide and 11th of 47 in Sub-Saharan Africa. This score represented a significant improvement since 2007, when the country scored 2.1 and ranked 150th of 180 countries. When seeking attention of a selection of service[clarification needed] providers, 89% of Liberians had to pay a bribe, the highest national percentage in the world according to the organization's 2010 Global Corruption Barometer.

question: What was liberia's score on the 2010 Corruption Perceptions index? 

answer: 3.3

question: What was Liberia's ranking compared to the other 176 countries? 

answer: 87th

question: What did Liberia's score  and ranking  on the 2010 Corruption Perceptions index represent?  

answer: a significant improvement since 2007

question: What was Liberia's score and rank on the 2007 Corruption Perceptions index? 

answer: scored 2.1 and ranked 150th of 180 countries

question: In 2007, when seeking attention, selection or service . What percent of Liberians had to pay a bribe? 

answer: 89%
Title: Liberia
Context: The Central Bank of Liberia is responsible for printing and maintaining the Liberian dollar, which is the primary form of currency in Liberia. Liberia is one of the world's poorest countries, with a formal employment rate of 15%. GDP per capita peaked in 1980 at US$496, when it was comparable to Egypt's (at the time). In 2011, the country's nominal GDP was US$1.154 billion, while nominal GDP per capita stood at US$297, the third-lowest in the world. Historically, the Liberian economy has depended heavily on foreign aid, foreign direct investment and exports of natural resources such as iron ore, rubber and timber.

question: What is the central bank of Liberia responsible for? 

answer: printing and maintaining the Liberian dollar

question: What is Liberia considered around the world economically?  

answer: one of the world's poorest countries

question: What is Liberia's employment rate? 

answer: 15%

question: The GDP peaked in 1980 at what amount? 

answer: US$496

question: What does Liberia's economy heavily depends on? 

answer: foreign aid
Title: Liberia
Context: Following a peak in growth in 1979, the Liberian economy began a steady decline due to economic mismanagement following the 1980 coup. This decline was accelerated by the outbreak of civil war in 1989; GDP was reduced by an estimated 90% between 1989 and 1995, one of the fastest declines in history. Upon the end of the war in 2003, GDP growth began to accelerate, reaching 9.4% in 2007. The global financial crisis slowed GDP growth to 4.6% in 2009, though a strengthening agricultural sector led by rubber and timber exports increased growth to 5.1% in 2010 and an expected 7.3% in 2011, making the economy one of the 20 fastest growing in the world.

question: When did the Liberian economy hit it's peak growth? 

answer: 1979

question: By what percentage did Liberia's GDP reduced by during the civil war? 

answer: 90%

question: Why did the Liberian economy decline after 1980? 

answer: economic mismanagement following the 1980 coup.

question: Why was Liberia's GDP growth stalled in 2007? 

answer: The global financial crisis

question: In 2011 Liberia's economy was considered what? 

answer: one of the 20 fastest growing in the world.
Title: Liberia
Context: In 2003, additional UN sanctions were placed on Liberian timber exports, which had risen from US$5 million in 1997 to over US$100 million in 2002 and were believed to be funding rebels in Sierra Leone. These sanctions were lifted in 2006. Due in large part to foreign aid and investment inflow following the end of the war, Liberia maintains a large account deficit, which peaked at nearly 60% in 2008. Liberia gained observer status with the World Trade Organization in 2010 and is in the process of acquiring full member status.

question: What were UN sanctions place placed on 2003? 

answer: Liberian timber exports

question: Why were sanctions place on Liberian timber exports? 

answer: were believed to be funding rebels in Sierra Leone.

question: When were the timber export sanctions lifted for Liberia? 

answer: in 2006

question: When was Liberia was granted observer status with the world trade organization> 

answer: 2010

question: Liberia's account deficit peaked at what percentage in 2008? 

answer: 60%
Title: Liberia
Context: Liberia has the highest ratio of foreign direct investment to GDP in the world, with US$16 billion in investment since 2006. Following the inauguration of the Sirleaf administration in 2006, Liberia signed several multibillion-dollar concession agreements in the iron ore and palm oil industries with numerous multinational corporations, including BHP Billiton, ArcelorMittal, and Sime Darby. Especially palm oil companies like Sime Darby (Malaysia) and Golden Veroleum (USA) are being accused by critics of the destruction of livelihoods and the displacement of local communities, enabled through government concessions. The Firestone Tire and Rubber Company has operated the world's largest rubber plantation in Liberia since 1926.

question: Liberia has the highest ratio of what? 

answer: of foreign direct investment to GDP in the world

question: How much money has the US invested in Liberia since 2006? 

answer: 16 billion

question: What agreement did Liberia sign n 2006? 

answer: several multibillion-dollar concession agreements

question: How long has Firestone tire and rubber company ran a rubber plantation in Liberia?  

answer: since 1926
Title: Liberia
Context: The Kpelle comprise more than 20% of the population and are the largest ethnic group in Liberia, residing mostly in Bong County and adjacent areas in central Liberia. Americo-Liberians, who are descendants of African American and West Indian, mostly Barbadian settlers, make up 2.5%. Congo people, descendants of repatriated Congo and Afro-Caribbean slaves who arrived in 1825, make up an estimated 2.5%. These latter two groups established political control in the 19th century which they kept well into the 20th century.

question: What is the largest ethnic group in liberia? 

answer: The Kpelle

question: What percentage of the population are the Kpelle? 

answer: 20%

question: Where do the Kpelle reside? 

answer: mostly in Bong County and adjacent areas in central Liberia.

question: When did the decedents of the Congo and Afro-Caribbean arrive in liberia? 

answer: 1825

question: Congo descendants and Afro-Caribbean make of what percentage of liberia's population? 

answer: 2.5%
Title: Liberia
Context: Numerous immigrants have come as merchants and become a major part of the business community, including Lebanese, Indians, and other West African nationals. There is a high percentage of interracial marriage between ethnic Liberians and the Lebanese, resulting in a significant mixed-race population especially in and around Monrovia. A small minority of Liberians of European descent reside in the country.[better source needed] The Liberian constitution restricts citizenship to people of Black African descent.

question: There is high percentage of interracial marriage between what two groups? 

answer: Liberians and the Lebanese

question: The interracial couples in Liberia result in what? 

answer: a significant mixed-race population

question: Where do Liberians of European decent live? 

answer: in the country

question: The Liberian constitution restricts citizenship of whom? 

answer: Black African descent.
Title: Liberia
Context: In 2010, the literacy rate of Liberia was estimated at 60.8% (64.8% for males and 56.8% for females). In some areas primary and secondary education is free and compulsory from the ages of 6 to 16, though enforcement of attendance is lax. In other areas children are required to pay a tuition fee to attend school. On average, children attain 10 years of education (11 for boys and 8 for girls). The country's education sector is hampered by inadequate schools and supplies, as well as a lack of qualified teachers.

question: What is Liberia's education system hampered by? 

answer: inadequate schools and supplies, as well as a lack of qualified teachers.

question: On average children attain how many years of education? 

answer: 10 years

question: How intense is the enforcement of school attendance? 

answer: lax.

question: What was the literacy rate in Liberia in 2010? 

answer: 60.8%
Title: Liberia
Context: Hospitals in Liberia include the John F. Kennedy Medical Center in Monrovia and several others. Life expectancy in Liberia is estimated to be 57.4 years in 2012. With a fertility rate of 5.9 births per woman, the maternal mortality rate stood at 990 per 100,000 births in 2010. A number of highly communicable diseases are widespread, including tuberculosis, diarrheal diseases and malaria. In 2007, the HIV infection rates stood at 2% of the population aged 15–49  whereas the incidence of tuberculosis was 420 per 100,000 people in 2008. Approximately 58.2% – 66% of women are estimated to have undergone female genital mutilation.

question: What is the name of the hospital in Monrova? 

answer: John F. Kennedy Medical Center

question: What is the life expectancy in Liberia? 

answer: 57.4 years

question: What was the fertility rate of women in 2012? 

answer: 5.9 births per woman

question: What was the maternal mortality rate in 2010? 

answer: 990 per 100,000 births

question: What were the HIV infection rates in 2007? 

answer: 2%
Title: Liberia
Context: Liberia has a long, rich history in textile arts and quilting, as the settlers brought with them their sewing and quilting skills. Liberia hosted National Fairs in 1857 and 1858 in which prizes were awarded for various needle arts. One of the most well-known Liberian quilters was Martha Ann Ricks, who presented a quilt featuring the famed Liberian coffee tree to Queen Victoria in 1892. When President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf moved into the Executive Mansion, she reportedly had a Liberian-made quilt installed in her presidential office.

question: What arts does Liberia have a rich history of? 

answer: textile arts and quilting

question: In what years did Liberia host national fairs?  

answer: 1857 and 1858

question: Who is Martha Ann Ricks? 

answer: the most well-known Liberian quilters

question: Who did Martha Ann Ricks present the famed Liberian coffee tree to? 

answer: Queen Victoria

question: What did President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf have installed in her presidential office? 

answer: Liberian-made quilt
Title: Windows_8
Context: Windows 8 introduced major changes to the operating system's platform and user interface to improve its user experience on tablets, where Windows was now competing with mobile operating systems, including Android and iOS. In particular, these changes included a touch-optimized Windows shell based on Microsoft's "Metro" design language, the Start screen (which displays programs and dynamically updated content on a grid of tiles), a new platform for developing apps with an emphasis on touchscreen input, integration with online services (including the ability to sync apps and settings between devices), and Windows Store, an online store for downloading and purchasing new software. Windows 8 added support for USB 3.0, Advanced Format hard drives, near field communications, and cloud computing. Additional security features were introduced, such as built-in antivirus software, integration with Microsoft SmartScreen phishing filtering service and support for UEFI Secure Boot on supported devices with UEFI firmware, to prevent malware from infecting the boot process.

question: Who are Windows main operating system competitors? 

answer: Android and iOS

question: What new security features does Windows 8 have? 

answer: built-in antivirus software, integration with Microsoft SmartScreen phishing filtering service and support for UEFI Secure Boot

question: What USB version is Windows 8 compatible with? 

answer: 3.0

question: What services does the Windows Store provide? 

answer: an online store for downloading and purchasing new software

question: What can be found on the Start screen? 

answer: displays programs and dynamically updated content on a grid of tiles
Title: Windows_8
Context: Windows 8 was released to a mixed critical reception. Although reaction towards its performance improvements, security enhancements, and improved support for touchscreen devices was positive, the new user interface of the operating system was widely criticized for being potentially confusing and difficult to learn (especially when used with a keyboard and mouse instead of a touchscreen). Despite these shortcomings, 60 million Windows 8 licenses have been sold through January 2013, a number which included both upgrades and sales to OEMs for new PCs.

question: What about Windows 8 was well received? 

answer: its performance improvements, security enhancements, and improved support for touchscreen devices

question: What were the perceived problems with the new Windows 8 user interface? 

answer: being potentially confusing and difficult to learn

question: How many Windows 8 licenses were purchased by January 2013? 

answer: 60 million