praj-17/QA-MCQ-Open-ended huggingface dataset:
Title: Bermuda
Context: At the 2004 Summer Olympics, Bermuda competed in sailing, athletics, swimming, diving, triathlon and equestrian events. In those Olympics, Bermuda's Katura Horton-Perinchief made history by becoming the first black female diver to compete in the Olympic Games. Bermuda has had one Olympic medallist, Clarence Hill, who won a bronze medal in boxing. Bermuda also competed in Men's Skeleton at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy. Patrick Singleton placed 19th, with a final time of 1:59.81. Jillian Teceira competed in the Beijing Olympics in 2008. It is tradition for Bermuda to march in the Opening Ceremony in Bermuda shorts, regardless of the summer or winter Olympic celebration. Bermuda also competes in the biennial Island Games, which it hosted in 2013.

question: What events did Bermuda compete in at the 2004 Summer Olympics? 

answer: sailing, athletics, swimming, diving, triathlon and equestrian events

question: What did Katura Horton-Perinchief do? 

answer: made history by becoming the first black female diver to compete in the Olympic Games.

question: What is the only medal Bermuda has ever won? 

answer: bronze medal in boxing.

question: What is the Olympic tradition for Bermuda, regardless of season? 

answer: march in the Opening Ceremony in Bermuda shorts
Title: Bermuda
Context: Bermuda has developed a proud Rugby Union community. The Bermuda Rugby Union team won the 2011 Caribbean championships, defeating Guyana in the final. They previously beat The Bahamas and Mexico to take the crown. Rugby 7's is also played, with four rounds scheduled to take place in the 2011–2012 season. The Bermuda 7's team competed in the 2011 Las Vegas 7's, defeating the Mexican team. There are four clubs on the island: (1) Police (2) Mariners (3) Teachers (4) Renegades. There is a men's and women's competition–current league champions are Police (Men) (winning the title for the first time since the 1990s) and Renegades (women's). Games are currently played at Warwick Academy. Bermuda u/19 team won the 2010 Caribbean Championships.

question: Who won the 2011 Caribbean championships? 

answer: The Bermuda Rugby Union team

question: How many clubs are on the island? 

answer: There are four clubs on the island

question: Who are the reigning league champions? 

answer: Police (Men)

question: Where are the Women's games played? 

answer: Warwick Academy.

question: What did the Bermuda u/19 team win? 

answer: 2010 Caribbean Championships
Title: Nigeria
Context: Modern-day Nigeria has been the site of numerous kingdoms and tribal states over the millennia. The modern state originated from British colonial rule beginning in the 19th century, and the merging of the Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria Protectorate in 1914. The British set up administrative and legal structures whilst practising indirect rule through traditional chiefdoms. Nigeria became a formally independent federation in 1960, and plunged into a civil war from 1967 to 1970. It has since alternated between democratically-elected civilian governments and military dictatorships, until it achieved a stable democracy in 1999, with its 2011 presidential elections being viewed as the first to be conducted reasonably freely and fairly.

question: When did the Southern and Northern Nigeria Protectorates merge? 

answer: 1914

question: Which empire ruled Nigeria as a colony? 

answer: British

question: When did Nigeria become independent from Britain? 

answer: 1960

question: When did a Nigerian Civil War begin? 

answer: 1967

question: When did Nigeria have a fair presidential election? 

answer: 2011
Title: Nigeria
Context: Nigeria is often referred to as the "Giant of Africa", owing to its large population and economy. With approximately 182 million inhabitants, Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and the seventh most populous country in the world. Nigeria has one of the largest populations of youth in the world. The country is viewed as a multinational state, as it is inhabited by over 500 ethnic groups, of which the three largest are the Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba; these ethnic groups speak over 500 different languages, and are identified with wide variety of cultures. The official language is English. Nigeria is divided roughly in half between Christians, who live mostly in the southern part of the country, and Muslims in the northern part. A minority of the population practise religions indigenous to Nigeria, such as those native to Igbo and Yoruba peoples.

question: Which country is called the 'Giant of Africa'? 

answer: Nigeria

question: How many people live in Nigeria? 

answer: 182 million

question: How does Nigeria rank among the largest-population countries in the world? 

answer: seventh

question: How many languages are spoken by Nigerians? 

answer: over 500

question: What is Nigeria's official language? 

answer: English
Title: Nigeria
Context: As of 2015[update], Nigeria is the world's 20th largest economy, worth more than $500 billion and $1 trillion in terms of nominal GDP and purchasing power parity respectively. It overtook South Africa to become Africa's largest economy in 2014. Also, the debt-to-GDP ratio is only 11 percent, which is 8 percent below the 2012 ratio. Nigeria is considered to be an emerging market by the World Bank; It has been identified as a regional power on the African continent, a middle power in international affairs, and has also been identified as an emerging global power. Nigeria is a member of the MINT group of countries, which are widely seen as the globe's next "BRIC-like" economies. It is also listed among the "Next Eleven" economies set to become among the biggest in the world. Nigeria is a founding member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the African Union, OPEC, and the United Nations amongst other international organisations.

question: What is Nigeria's 2015 GDP? 

answer: $500 billion

question: What is Nigeria's 2015 purchasing power parity? 

answer: $1 trillion

question: When did Nigeria's economy become larger than South Africa's? 

answer: 2014

question: What is the largest economy in Africa? 

answer: Nigeria

question: What is Nigeria's debt-to-GDP ratio?  

answer: 11 percent
Title: Nigeria
Context: Since 2002, the North East of the country has seen sectarian violence by Boko Haram, an Islamist movement that seeks to abolish the secular system of government and establish Sharia law. Nigerian President Goodluck Jonathan in May 2014 claimed that Boko Haram attacks have left at least 12,000 people dead and 8,000 people crippled. At the same time, neighbouring countries, Benin, Chad, Cameroon and Niger joined Nigeria in a united effort to combat Boko Haram in the aftermath of a world media highlighted kidnapping of 276 schoolgirls and the spread of Boko Haram attacks to these countries.

question: When did Boko Haram become active in Nigeria? 

answer: 2002

question: Who is the President of Nigeria? 

answer: Goodluck Jonathan

question: How many people had Boko Haram killed by May 2014? 

answer: at least 12,000

question: How many schoolgirls did Boko Haram kidnap? 

answer: 276
Title: Nigeria
Context: The name Nigeria was taken from the Niger River running through the country. This name was allegedly coined in the late 19th century by British journalist Flora Shaw, she was inspired by the name of the river, in preference to terms such as "Central Sudan". The origin of the name ''Nigeria'' came from the name of the Niger River. The word ( Niger )  is an alteration of the Tuareg name egerew n-igerewen used by inhabitants along the middle reaches of the river around Timbuktu prior to 19th-century European colonialism. Egerew n-igerewen means River of the Rivers.

question: What is Nigeria named after? 

answer: the Niger River

question: Who came up with the name Nigeria in the 19th century? 

answer: Flora Shaw

question: What was Nigeria's region called by the British before the name Nigeria? 

answer: Central Sudan

question: What language does the name of the Niger River come from? 

answer: Tuareg

question: Which river reaches Timbuktu? 

answer: Niger
Title: Nigeria
Context: The Kingdom of Nri of the Igbo people consolidated in the 10th century and continued until it lost its sovereignty to the British in 1911. Nri was ruled by the Eze Nri, and the city of Nri is considered to be the foundation of Igbo culture. Nri and Aguleri, where the Igbo creation myth originates, are in the territory of the Umeuri clan. Members of the clan trace their lineages back to the patriarchal king-figure Eri. In West Africa, the oldest bronzes made using the lost-wax process were from Igbo Ukwu, a city under Nri influence.

question: Which tribe ran the city of Nri? 

answer: Igbo

question: When was Nri taken over by the British? 

answer: 1911

question: Igbo Ukwu made the oldest bronze art using which process? 

answer: lost-wax

question: Who ruled Nri? 

answer: the Eze Nri

question: Which clan is Nri in the territory of? 

answer: Umeuri
Title: Nigeria
Context: For centuries, various peoples in modern-day Nigeria traded overland with traders from North Africa. Cities in the area became regional centres in a broad network of trade routes that spanned western, central and northern Africa. In the 16th century, Spanish and Portuguese explorers were the first Europeans to begin significant, direct trade with peoples of modern-day Nigeria, at the port they named Lagos and in Calabar. Europeans traded goods with peoples at the coast; coastal trade with Europeans also marked the beginnings of the Atlantic slave trade. The port of Calabar on the historical Bight of Biafra (now commonly referred to as the Bight of Bonny) become one of the largest slave trading posts in West Africa in the era of the transatlantic slave trade. Other major slaving ports in Nigeria were located in Badagry, Lagos on the Bight of Benin and on Bonny Island on the Bight of Biafra. The majority of those enslaved and taken to these ports were captured in raids and wars. Usually the captives were taken back to the conquerors' territory as forced labour; after time, they were sometimes acculturated and absorbed into the conquerors' society. A number of slave routes were established throughout Nigeria linking the hinterland areas with the major coastal ports. Some of the more prolific slave traders were linked with the Oyo Empire in the southwest, the Aro Confederacy in the southeast and the Sokoto Caliphate in the north.

question: What region has Nigeria traded with for centuries? 

answer: North Africa

question: Which countries' explorers were the first Europeans to trade with Nigeria? 

answer: Spanish and Portuguese

question: Calabar is on which historical Bight? 

answer: Biafra

question: What is the current name of the Bight of Biafra? 

answer: Bight of Bonny

question: Who were the major slave traders through Nigeria from the southwest? 

answer: Oyo Empire
Title: Nigeria
Context: The slave trade was engaged in by European state and non-state actors such as Great Britain, the Netherlands, Portugal and private companies, as well as various African states and non-state actors. With rising anti-slavery sentiment at home and changing economic realities, Great Britain outlawed the international slave trade in 1807. Following the Napoleonic Wars, Great Britain established the West Africa Squadron in an attempt to halt the international traffic in slaves. It stopped ships of other nations that were leaving the African coast with slaves; the seized slaves were taken to Freetown, a colony in West Africa originally established for the resettlement of freed slaves from Britain. Britain intervened in the Lagos Kingship power struggle by bombarding Lagos in 1851, deposing the slave trade friendly Oba Kosoko, helping to install the amenable Oba Akitoye, and signing the Treaty between Great Britain and Lagos on 1 January 1852. Britain annexed Lagos as a Crown Colony in August 1861 with the Lagos Treaty of Cession. British missionaries expanded their operations and travelled further inland. In 1864, Samuel Ajayi Crowther became the first African bishop of the Anglican Church.

question: When did Britain outlaw slave trade? 

answer: 1807

question: After which war did Britain establish its West Africa Squadron? 

answer: Napoleonic Wars

question: Which Lagos king had supported the slave trade? 

answer: Oba Kosoko

question: Where did Britain intervene in a power struggle? 

answer: Lagos

question: Where did Britain take slaves it seized from traders? 

answer: Freetown
Title: Nigeria
Context: In 1885, British claims to a West African sphere of influence received recognition from other European nations at the Berlin Conference. The following year, it chartered the Royal Niger Company under the leadership of Sir George Taubman Goldie. In 1900 the company's territory came under the control of the British government, which moved to consolidate its hold over the area of modern Nigeria. On 1 January 1901, Nigeria became a British protectorate, and part of the British Empire, the foremost world power at the time. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries the independent kingdoms of what would become Nigeria fought a number of conflicts against the British Empire's efforts to expand its territory. By war, the British conquered Benin in 1897, and, in the Anglo-Aro War (1901–1902), defeated other opponents. The restraint or conquest of these states opened up the Niger area to British rule.

question: Where was Britain's claim to West Africa recognized in 1885? 

answer: the Berlin Conference

question: What company was led by Sir George Taubman Goldie? 

answer: Royal Niger Company

question: When did the British government take over the Royal Niger Company's territory? 

answer: 1900

question: When did Nigeria become a British protectorate? 

answer: 1 January 1901

question: Which country did Britain conquer in 1897? 

answer: Benin
Title: Nigeria
Context: Christian missions established Western educational institutions in the Protectorates. Under Britain's policy of indirect rule and validation of Islamic tradition, the Crown did not encourage the operation of Christian missions in the northern, Islamic part of the country. Some children of the southern elite went to Great Britain to pursue higher education. By independence in 1960, regional differences in modern educational access were marked. The legacy, though less pronounced, continues to the present-day. Imbalances between North and South were expressed in Nigeria's political life as well. For instance, northern Nigeria did not outlaw slavery until 1936 whilst in other parts of Nigeria slavery was abolished soon after colonialism.

question: What religion built Western schools in Nigeria? 

answer: Christian

question: Britain discouraged building Christian missions in which part of Nigeria? 

answer: northern

question: What religion was the majority in the northern part of Nigeria? 

answer: Islamic

question: When did Nigeria receive independence? 

answer: 1960

question: When did northern Nigeria ban slavery? 

answer: 1936
Title: Nigeria
Context: Nigeria gained independence from the United Kingdom as a Commonwealth Realm on 1 October 1960. Nigeria's government was a coalition of conservative parties: the Nigerian People's Congress (NPC), a party dominated by Northerners and those of the Islamic faith, and the Igbo and Christian-dominated National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC) led by Nnamdi Azikiwe. Azikiwe became Nigeria's maiden Governor-General in 1960. The opposition comprised the comparatively liberal Action Group (AG), which was largely dominated by the Yoruba and led by Obafemi Awolowo. The cultural and political differences between Nigeria's dominant ethnic groups – the Hausa ('Northerners'), Igbo ('Easterners') and Yoruba ('Westerners') – were sharp.

question: What was Nigeria's status after independence from the UK? 

answer: a Commonwealth Realm

question: Which Nigerian political party was mostly Islamic? 

answer: Nigerian People's Congress

question: Which Nigerian political party was mostly Christian? 

answer: National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons

question: Who led the NCNC party? 

answer: Nnamdi Azikiwe

question: Which Nigerian political party was mostly Yoruba? 

answer: Obafemi Awolowo
Title: Nigeria
Context: The disquilibrium and perceived corruption of the electoral and political process led, in 1966, to back-to-back military coups. The first coup was in January 1966 and was led by Igbo soldiers under Majors Emmanuel Ifeajuna and Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu. The coup plotters succeeded in murdering Prime Minister Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, Premier Ahmadu Bello of the Northern Region and Premier Ladoke Akintola of the Western Region. But, the coup plotters struggled to form a central government. President Nwafor Orizu handed over government control to the Army, then under the command of another Igbo officer, General JTU Aguiyi-Ironsi.

question: In what year were there two military coups in Nigeria? 

answer: 1966

question: Which group led the first 1966 coup? 

answer: Igbo soldiers

question: Which Prime Minister was murdered in the Igbo coup? 

answer: Abubakar Tafawa Balewa

question: Which Northern Premier was murdered in the Igbo coup? 

answer: Ahmadu Bello

question: Which Western Premier was murdered in the Igbo coup? 

answer: Ladoke Akintola
Title: Nigeria
Context: In May 1967, the Eastern Region declared independence as a state called the Republic of Biafra, under the leadership of Lt. Colonel Emeka Ojukwu. The Nigerian Civil War began as the official Nigerian government side (predominated by soldiers from the North and West) attacked Biafra (Southeastern) on 6 July 1967 at Garkem. The 30 month war, with a long siege of Biafra and its isolation from trade and supplies, ended in January 1970. Estimates of the number of dead in the former Eastern Region are between 1 and 3 million people, from warfare, disease, and starvation, during the 30-month civil war.

question: What did Eastern Nigeria want to call itself as an independent nation? 

answer: Republic of Biafra

question: When did Eastern Nigeria declare its independence? 

answer: May 1967

question: Who led Eastern Nigeria during the Nigerian Civil War? 

answer: Lt. Colonel Emeka Ojukwu

question: How many months did the Nigerian Civil War last? 

answer: 30

question: How many people died during the Nigerian Civil War? 

answer: between 1 and 3 million
Title: Nigeria
Context: During the oil boom of the 1970s, Nigeria joined OPEC and the huge revenue generated made the economy richer. Despite huge revenues from oil production and sale, the military administration did little to improve the standard of living of the population, help small and medium businesses, or invest in infrastructure. As oil revenues fuelled the rise of federal subventions to states, the federal government became the centre of political struggle and the threshold of power in the country. As oil production and revenue rose, the Nigerian government became increasingly dependent on oil revenues and the international commodity markets for budgetary and economic concerns. It did not develop other sources of the economy for economic stability. That spelled doom to federalism in Nigeria.

question: Which oil group did Nigeria join? 

answer: OPEC

question: Who failed to use the oil revenues to invest in infrastructure? 

answer: the military administration

question: Overdependence on oil income led to the fall of what form of government in Nigeria? 

answer: federalism
Title: Nigeria
Context: Beginning in 1979, Nigerians participated in a brief return to democracy when Olusegun Obasanjo transferred power to the civilian regime of Shehu Shagari. The Shagari government became viewed as corrupt and incompetent by virtually all sectors of Nigerian society. The military coup of Muhammadu Buhari shortly after the regime's fraudulent re-election in 1984 was generally viewed as a positive development. Buhari promised major reforms, but his government fared little better than its predecessor. His regime was overthrown by another military coup in 1985.

question: Which Nigerian leader transferred power in 1979? 

answer: Olusegun Obasanjo

question: Which Nigerian leader received power in 1979? 

answer: Shehu Shagari

question: How did Nigerians view the Shagari administration? 

answer: corrupt and incompetent

question: Who led a military coup against Shagari? 

answer: Muhammadu Buhari

question: When did another military coup overthrow Buhari? 

answer: 1985
Title: Nigeria
Context: The new head of state, Ibrahim Babangida, declared himself president and commander in chief of the armed forces and the ruling Supreme Military Council. He set 1990 as the official deadline for a return to democratic governance. Babangida's tenure was marked by a flurry of political activity: he instituted the International Monetary Fund's Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) to aid in the repayment of the country's crushing international debt, which most federal revenue was dedicated to servicing. He enrolled Nigeria in the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, which aggravated religious tensions in the country.

question: Which Nigerian leader decided Nigeria would return to democracy in 1990? 

answer: Ibrahim Babangida

question: What did Babangida set up to help pay Nigeria's national debt? 

answer: International Monetary Fund's Structural Adjustment Program

question: What was most of Nigeria's federal income being spent on? 

answer: debt

question: What controversial religious group did Nigeria join? 

answer: Organisation of the Islamic Conference
Title: Nigeria
Context: After Babangida survived an abortive coup, he pushed back the promised return to democracy to 1992. Free and fair elections were finally held on 12 June 1993, with a presidential victory for Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola. Babangida annulled the elections, leading to mass civilian violent protests which effectively shut down the country for weeks. Babangida finally kept his promise to relinquish office to a civilian-run government, but not before appointing Ernest Shonekan as head of the interim government. Babangida's regime has been considered the most corrupt, and responsible for creating a culture of corruption in Nigeria.

question: To when did Babangida delay the return to democracy? 

answer: 1992

question: When did Nigeria finally hold a fair election? 

answer: 12 June 1993

question: Who won the 1993 Nigerian election? 

answer: Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola

question: Babangida's reaction to the election results caused violent protests for how long? 

answer: weeks

question: Who did Babangida appoint as head of an interim government when he finally stepped down? 

answer: Ernest Shonekan
Title: Nigeria
Context: Nigeria regained democracy in 1999 when it elected Olusegun Obasanjo, the former military head of state, as the new President of Nigeria. This ended almost 33 years of military rule (from 1966 until 1999), excluding the short-lived second republic (between 1979 and 1983) by military dictators who seized power in coups d'état and counter-coups during the Nigerian military juntas of 1966–1979 and 1983–1998. Although the elections which brought Obasanjo to power in 1999 and again in 2003 were condemned as unfree and unfair, Nigeria has shown marked improvements in attempts to tackle government corruption and to hasten development.

question: When did Nigeria regain democracy? 

answer: 1999

question: Who won the 1999 Nigerian election? 

answer: Olusegun Obasanjo

question: Nigeria was under military rule for how long? 

answer: almost 33 years

question: How was the 1999 election regarded? 

answer: unfree and unfair

question: How was the 2003 election regarded? 

answer: unfree and unfair