praj-17/QA-MCQ-Open-ended huggingface dataset:
Title: Melbourne
Context: In recent years, Melton, Wyndham and Casey, part of the Melbourne statistical division, have recorded the highest growth rate of all local government areas in Australia. Melbourne could overtake Sydney in population by 2028, The ABS has projected in two scenarios that Sydney will remain larger than Melbourne beyond 2056, albeit by a margin of less than 3% compared to a margin of 12% today. Melbourne's population could overtake that of Sydney by 2037 or 2039, according to the first scenario projected by the ABS; primarily due to larger levels of internal migration losses assumed for Sydney. Another study claims that Melbourne will surpass Sydney in population by 2040.

question: Melbourne's population could overtake that of Sydney by 2037 or 2039 primarily due to what factor? 

answer: larger levels of internal migration losses assumed for Sydney

question: In how many scenarios will Sydney remain higher than Melbourne in population beyond 2056? 

answer: two

question: According to the first scenario projected by the ABS, how soon could Melbourne overtake Sydney's population level? 

answer: 2037 or 2039
Title: Melbourne
Context: Melbourne's live performance institutions date from the foundation of the city, with the first theatre, the Pavilion, opening in 1841. The city's East End Theatre District includes theatres that similarly date from 1850s to the 1920s, including the Princess Theatre, Regent Theatre, Her Majesty's Theatre, Forum Theatre, Comedy Theatre, and the Athenaeum Theatre. The Melbourne Arts Precinct in Southbank is home to Arts Centre Melbourne, which includes the State Theatre, Hamer Hall, the Playhouse and the Fairfax Studio. The Melbourne Recital Centre and Southbank Theatre (principal home of the MTC, which includes the Sumner and Lawler performance spaces) are also located in Southbank. The Sidney Myer Music Bowl, which dates from 1955, is located in the gardens of Kings Domain; and the Palais Theatre is a feature of the St Kilda Beach foreshore.

question: Which theatre was Melbourne's first live performance institution? 

answer: Pavilion

question: The Princess Theatre, Regent Theatre, and Forum Theatre are members of which of Melbourne's theater districts? 

answer: East End Theatre District

question: In what year did the Pavilion open? 

answer: 1841

question: Where are the Melbourne Recital Centre and Southbank Theatre located? 

answer: Southbank

question: From what year does the Sidney Myer Music Bowl date? 

answer: 1955
Title: Melbourne
Context: Three daily newspapers serve Melbourne: the Herald Sun (tabloid), The Age (formerly broadsheet, now compact) and The Australian (national broadsheet). Six free-to-air television stations service Greater Melbourne and Geelong: ABC Victoria, (ABV), SBS Victoria (SBS), Seven Melbourne (HSV), Nine Melbourne (GTV), Ten Melbourne (ATV), C31 Melbourne (MGV) – community television. Each station (excluding C31) broadcasts a primary channel and several multichannels. C31 is only broadcast from the transmitters at Mount Dandenong and South Yarra. Hybrid digital/print media companies such as Broadsheet and ThreeThousand are based in and primarily serve Melbourne.

question: How many daily newspapers serve Melbourne? 

answer: Three

question: How many free-to-air television stations service Greater Melbourne and Geelong? 

answer: Six

question: From where is C31 broadcast? 

answer: transmitters at Mount Dandenong and South Yarra

question: What type of companies are Broadsheet and ThreeThousand? 

answer: Hybrid digital/print media
Title: Melbourne
Context: The city is home to many professional franchises/teams in national competitions including: cricket clubs Melbourne Stars, Melbourne Renegades and Victorian Bushrangers, which play in the Big Bash League and other domestic cricket competitions; soccer clubs Melbourne Victory and Melbourne City FC (known until June 2014 as Melbourne Heart), which play in the A-League competition, both teams play their home games at AAMI Park, with the Victory also playing home games at Etihad Stadium. Rugby league club Melbourne Storm which plays in the NRL competition; rugby union clubs Melbourne Rebels and Melbourne Rising, which play in the Super Rugby and National Rugby Championship competitions respectively; netball club Melbourne Vixens, which plays in the trans-Tasman trophy ANZ Championship; basketball club Melbourne United, which plays in the NBL competition; Bulleen Boomers and Dandenong Rangers, which play in the WNBL; ice hockey teams Melbourne Ice and Melbourne Mustangs, who play in the Australian Ice Hockey League; and baseball club Melbourne Aces, which plays in the Australian Baseball League. Rowing is also a large part of Melbourne's sporting identity, with a number of clubs located on the Yarra River, out of which many Australian Olympians trained. The city previously held the nation's premier long distance swimming event the annual Race to Prince's Bridge, in the Yarra River.

question: When did Melbourne Heart become known as Melbourne City FC? 

answer: June 2014

question: What are Melbourne's two ice hockey teams named? 

answer: Melbourne Ice and Melbourne Mustangs

question: In which river was the annual Race to Prince's Bridge held? 

answer: Yarra

question: Where does the soccer club Melbourne Victory play home games? 

answer: Etihad Stadium

question: Which basketball club in Melbourne plays in the NBL? 

answer: Melbourne United
Title: Melbourne
Context: Like many Australian cities, Melbourne has a high dependency on the automobile for transport, particularly in the outer suburban areas where the largest number of cars are bought, with a total of 3.6 million private vehicles using 22,320 km (13,870 mi) of road, and one of the highest lengths of road per capita in the world. The early 20th century saw an increase in popularity of automobiles, resulting in large-scale suburban expansion. By the mid 1950s there was just under 200 passenger vehicles per 1000 people by 2013 there was 600 passenger vehicles per 1000 people. Today it has an extensive network of freeways and arterial roadways used by private vehicles including freight as well as public transport systems including bus and taxis. Major highways feeding into the city include the Eastern Freeway, Monash Freeway and West Gate Freeway (which spans the large West Gate Bridge), whilst other freeways circumnavigate the city or lead to other major cities, including CityLink (which spans the large Bolte Bridge), Eastlink, the Western Ring Road, Calder Freeway, Tullamarine Freeway (main airport link) and the Hume Freeway which links Melbourne and Sydney.

question: Does Melbourne have a high or low dependency on the automobile? 

answer: high

question: Which freeway spans the large Bolte Bridge? 

answer: CityLink

question: How many private vehicles travel Melbourne's 13,870 miles of road? 

answer: 3.6 million

question: Which freeway links Melbourne and Sydney? 

answer: Hume Freeway
Title: Melbourne
Context: After a trend of declining population density since World War II, the city has seen increased density in the inner and western suburbs, aided in part by Victorian Government planning, such as Postcode 3000 and Melbourne 2030 which have aimed to curtail urban sprawl. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics as of June 2013, inner city Melbourne had the highest population density with 12,400 people per km2. Surrounding inner city suburbs experienced an increase in population density between 2012 and 2013; Carlton (9,000 people per km2) and Fitzroy (7,900).

question: What have Postcode 3000 and Melbourne 2030 aimed to do? 

answer: curtail urban sprawl

question: How many people did Carlton have per km2 between 2012 and 2013? 

answer: 9,000

question: How many people did Fitzroy have per km2 between 2012 and 2013? 

answer: 7,900

question: According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics as of June 2013, inner city Melbourne had a population density of how many people per km2? 

answer: 12,400
Title: Melbourne
Context: Television shows are produced in Melbourne, most notably Neighbours, Kath & Kim, Winners and Losers, Offspring, Underbelly , House Husbands, Wentworth and Miss Fisher's Murder Mysteries, along with national news-based programs such as The Project, Insiders and ABC News Breakfast. Melbourne is also known as the game show capital of Australia; productions such as Million Dollar Minute, Millionaire Hot Seat and Family Feud are all based in Melbourne. Reality television productions such as Dancing with the Stars, MasterChef, The Block and The Real Housewives of Melbourne are all filmed in and around Melbourne.

question: Where are Million Dollar Minute and Family Feud based? 

answer: Melbourne

question: Where are Dancing with the Stars, MasterChef, and The Block filmed? 

answer: in and around Melbourne

question: Neighbours, Kath & Kim, Winners and Losers, Offspring, and Underbelly are examples of what kind of media produced in Melbourne? 

answer: Television shows

question: Which national news-based programs are based in Melbourne? 

answer: The Project, Insiders and ABC News Breakfast

question: Which city is known as the game show capital of Australia? 

answer: Melbourne
Title: Melbourne
Context: Melbourne has four airports. Melbourne Airport, at Tullamarine, is the city's main international and domestic gateway and second busiest in Australia. The airport is home base for passenger airlines Jetstar Airways and Tiger Airways Australia and cargo airlines Australian air Express and Toll Priority; and is a major hub for Qantas and Virgin Australia. Avalon Airport, located between Melbourne and Geelong, is a secondary hub of Jetstar. It is also used as a freight and maintenance facility. Buses and taxis are the only forms of public transport to and from the city's main airports. Air Ambulance facilities are available for domestic and international transportation of patients. Melbourne also has a significant general aviation airport, Moorabbin Airport in the city's south east that also handles a small number of passenger flights. Essendon Airport, which was once the city's main airport also handles passenger flights, general aviation and some cargo flights.

question: How many airports does Melbourne have? 

answer: four

question: Which airport is the city's main international and domestic gateway? 

answer: Melbourne Airport

question: Which airport is the second busiest in all of Australia? 

answer: Melbourne Airport

question: What are the only forms of public transport to and from the city's main airports? 

answer: Buses and taxis
Title: Melbourne
Context: Melbourne has an integrated public transport system based around extensive train, tram, bus and taxi systems. Flinders Street Station was the world's busiest passenger station in 1927 and Melbourne's tram network overtook Sydney's to become the world's largest in the 1940s, at which time 25% of travellers used public transport but by 2003 it had declined to just 7.6%. The public transport system was privatised in 1999, symbolising the peak of the decline. Despite privatisation and successive governments persisting with auto-centric urban development into the 21st century, there have since been large increases in public transport patronage, with the mode share for commuters increasing to 14.8% and 8.4% of all trips. A target of 20% public transport mode share for Melbourne by 2020 was set by the state government in 2006. Since 2006 public transport patronage has grown by over 20%.

question: Which rail station was the world's busiest passenger station in 1927? 

answer: Flinders Street Station

question: In the 1940s, what percentage of travellers used public transport? 

answer: 25%

question: In 2003, what percentage of travellers used public transport? 

answer: 7.6%

question: In what year was the public transport system privatised? 

answer: 1999

question: What was the target percentage of public transport mode share that was set by the state government in 2006? 

answer: 20%
Title: Melbourne
Context: Water storage and supply for Melbourne is managed by Melbourne Water, which is owned by the Victorian Government. The organisation is also responsible for management of sewerage and the major water catchments in the region as well as the Wonthaggi desalination plant and North–South Pipeline. Water is stored in a series of reservoirs located within and outside the Greater Melbourne area. The largest dam, the Thomson River Dam, located in the Victorian Alps, is capable of holding around 60% of Melbourne's water capacity, while smaller dams such as the Upper Yarra Dam, Yan Yean Reservoir, and the Cardinia Reservoir carry secondary supplies.

question: Who manages the water storage and supply for Melbourne? 

answer: Melbourne Water

question: Who owns Melbourne Water? 

answer: the Victorian Government

question: Which is Melbourne's largest dam? 

answer: Thomson River Dam

question: Where is the Thomson River Dam located? 

answer: Victorian Alps

question: How much of Melbourne's water capacity is the Thomson River Dam capable of holding? 

answer: 60%
Title: Melbourne
Context: The discovery of gold in Victoria in mid 1851 led to the Victorian gold rush, and Melbourne, which served as the major port and provided most services for the region, experienced rapid growth. Within months, the city's population had increased by nearly three-quarters, from 25,000 to 40,000 inhabitants. Thereafter, growth was exponential and by 1865, Melbourne had overtaken Sydney as Australia's most populous city. Additionally, Melbourne along with the Victorian regional cities of Ballarat and Geelong became the wealthiest cities in the world during the Gold Rush era.

question: Melbourne experienced rapid growth after 1851 due to the discovery of what? 

answer: gold

question: Melbourne and which other regional cities became the wealthiest cities in the world during the Gold Rush era? 

answer: Ballarat and Geelong

question: How much did Melbourne's population increase within months of the gold rush? 

answer: three-quarters, from 25,000 to 40,000 inhabitants

question: By what year had Melbourne overtaken Sydney as Australia's most populous city? 

answer: 1865
Title: Melbourne
Context: At the time of Australia's federation on 1 January 1901, Melbourne became the seat of government of the federation. The first federal parliament was convened on 9 May 1901 in the Royal Exhibition Building, subsequently moving to the Victorian Parliament House where it was located until 1927, when it was moved to Canberra. The Governor-General of Australia resided at Government House in Melbourne until 1930 and many major national institutions remained in Melbourne well into the twentieth century.

question: Where was the first federal parliament convened in 1901? 

answer: Royal Exhibition Building

question: The Governor-General of Australia resided at the Government House in Melbourne until what year? 

answer: 1930

question: Where was the federal parliament moved after 1927? 

answer: Canberra

question: On what date was the first federal parliament convened? 

answer: 9 May 1901
Title: Melbourne
Context: As the centre of Australia's "rust belt", Melbourne experienced an economic downturn between 1989 to 1992, following the collapse of several local financial institutions. In 1992 the newly elected Kennett government began a campaign to revive the economy with an aggressive development campaign of public works coupled with the promotion of the city as a tourist destination with a focus on major events and sports tourism. During this period the Australian Grand Prix moved to Melbourne from Adelaide. Major projects included the construction of a new facility for the Melbourne Museum, Federation Square, the Melbourne Exhibition and Convention Centre, Crown Casino and the CityLink tollway. Other strategies included the privatisation of some of Melbourne's services, including power and public transport, and a reduction in funding to public services such as health, education and public transport infrastructure.

question: During which years did Melbourne experience an economic downturn? 

answer: 1989 to 1992

question: The Australian Grand Prix moved to Melbourne from where? 

answer: Adelaide

question: Which city is the center of Australia's "rust belt"? 

answer: Melbourne

question: Which government in 1992 began a campaign to revive the economy? 

answer: Kennett
Title: Melbourne
Context: The city reaches south-east through Dandenong to the growth corridor of Pakenham towards West Gippsland, and southward through the Dandenong Creek valley, the Mornington Peninsula and the city of Frankston taking in the peaks of Olivers Hill, Mount Martha and Arthurs Seat, extending along the shores of Port Phillip as a single conurbation to reach the exclusive suburb of Portsea and Point Nepean. In the west, it extends along the Maribyrnong River and its tributaries north towards Sunbury and the foothills of the Macedon Ranges, and along the flat volcanic plain country towards Melton in the west, Werribee at the foothills of the You Yangs granite ridge south west of the CBD. The Little River, and the township of the same name, marks the border between Melbourne and neighbouring Geelong city.

question: Which body of water and township of the same name marks the border between Melbourne and Geelong? 

answer: Little River

question: Little River marks the boundary between Melbourne and which city? 

answer: Geelong

question: Little River marks the boundary between Geelong and which other city? 

answer: Melbourne
Title: Melbourne
Context: Melbourne's air quality is generally good and has improved significantly since the 1980s. Like many urban environments, the city faces significant environmental issues, many of them relating to the city's large urban footprint and urban sprawl and the demand for infrastructure and services. One such issue is water usage, drought and low rainfall. Drought in Victoria, low rainfalls and high temperatures deplete Melbourne water supplies and climate change may have a long-term impact on the water supplies of Melbourne. In response to low water supplies and low rainfall due to drought, the government implemented water restrictions and a range of other options including: water recycling schemes for the city, incentives for household water tanks, greywater systems, water consumption awareness initiatives, and other water saving and reuse initiatives; also, in June 2007, the Bracks Government announced that a $3.1 billion Wonthaggi desalination plant would be built on Victoria's south-east coast, capable of treating 150 billion litres of water per year, as well as a 70 km (43 mi) pipeline from the Goulburn area in Victoria's north to Melbourne and a new water pipeline linking Melbourne and Geelong. Both projects are being conducted under controversial Public-Private Partnerships and a multitude of independent reports have found that neither project is required to supply water to the city and that Sustainable Water Management is the best solution. In the meantime, the drought must be weathered.

question: Has Melbourne's air quality improved or declined since the 1980s? 

answer: improved significantly

question: What factors deplete Melbourne water supplies? 

answer: Drought in Victoria, low rainfalls and high temperatures

question: Which government announced a $3.1 billion Wonthaggi desalination plant in June 2007? 

answer: Bracks Government

question: How many litres of water will the Wonthaggi desalination plant be capbale of treating per year? 

answer: 150 billion litres
Title: Melbourne
Context: Melbourne is an international cultural centre, with cultural endeavours spanning major events and festivals, drama, musicals, comedy, music, art, architecture, literature, film and television. The climate, waterfront location and nightlife make it one of the most vibrant destinations in Australia. For five years in a row (as of 2015) it has held the top position in a survey by The Economist Intelligence Unit of the world's most liveable cities on the basis of a number of attributes which include its broad cultural offerings. The city celebrates a wide variety of annual cultural events and festivals of all types, including Australia's largest free community festival—Moomba, the Melbourne International Arts Festival, Melbourne International Film Festival, Melbourne International Comedy Festival and the Melbourne Fringe Festival. The culture of the city is an important drawcard for tourists, of which just under two million international overnight visitors and 57.7 million domestic overnight visited during the year ending March 2014.

question: Which factors make Melbourne one of the moust vibrant destinations in Australia? 

answer: The climate, waterfront location and nightlife

question: For how many years in a row has Melbourne held the top position in a survey of the world's most liveable cities? 

answer: five

question: How many international overnight visitors came to Melbourne during the year ending March 2014? 

answer: just under two million

question: How many domestic overnight visitors came to Melbourne during the year ending March 2014? 

answer: 57.7 million

question: What is Australia's largest free community festival? 

answer: Moomba
Title: Melbourne
Context: The Story of the Kelly Gang, the world's first feature film, was shot in Melbourne in 1906. Melbourne filmmakers continued to produce bushranger films until they were banned by Victorian politicians in 1912 for the perceived promotion of crime, thus contributing to the decline of one of the silent film era's most productive industries. A notable film shot and set in Melbourne during Australia's cinematic lull is On the Beach (1959). The 1970s saw the rise of the Australian New Wave and its Ozploitation offshoot, instigated by Melbourne-based productions Stork and Alvin Purple. Picnic at Hanging Rock and Mad Max, both shot in and around Melbourne, achieved worldwide acclaim. 2004 saw the construction of Melbourne's largest film and television studio complex, Docklands Studios Melbourne, which has hosted many domestic productions, as well as international features. Melbourne is also home to the headquarters of Village Roadshow Pictures, Australia's largest film production company. Famous modern day actors from Melbourne include Cate Blanchett, Rachel Griffiths, Guy Pearce, Geoffrey Rush and Eric Bana.

question: What was the world's first feature film? 

answer: The Story of the Kelly Gang

question: In what city was the world's first feature film shot in 1906? 

answer: Melbourne

question: Why were films banned by Victorian politicans in 1912? 

answer: perceived promotion of crime

question: What year were bushranger films banned by Victorian politicians? 

answer: 1912

question: In what "lull" year was On the Beach filmed? 

answer: 1959
Title: Melbourne
Context: Residential architecture is not defined by a single architectural style, but rather an eclectic mix of houses, townhouses, condominiums, and apartment buildings in the metropolitan area (particularly in areas of urban sprawl). Free standing dwellings with relatively large gardens are perhaps the most common type of housing outside inner city Melbourne. Victorian terrace housing, townhouses and historic Italianate, Tudor revival and Neo-Georgian mansions are all common in neighbourhoods such as Toorak.

question: What are the most common type of housing outside inner city Melbourne? 

answer: Free standing dwellings with relatively large gardens

question: Is residential architecture in Melbourne defined by a single architectural style or an eclectic mix of buildings? 

answer: single architectural style

question: Are townhouses, condominiums, and apartment buildings found more prevalent in the metropolitan area or outside the city? 

answer: metropolitan area (particularly in areas of urban sprawl)