praj-17/QA-MCQ-Open-ended huggingface dataset:
Title: Apollo
Context: Though the proportions were always important in Greek art, the appeal of the Greek sculptures eludes any explanation by proportion alone. The statues of Apollo were thought to incarnate his living presence, and these representations of illusive imaginative reality had deep roots in the Minoan period, and in the beliefs of the first Greek speaking people who entered the region during the bronze-age. Just as the Greeks saw the mountains, forests, sea and rivers as inhabited by concrete beings, so nature in all of its manifestations possesses clear form, and the form of a work of art. Spiritual life is incorporated in matter, when it is given artistic form. Just as in the arts the Greeks sought some reality behind appearances, so in mathematics they sought permanent principles which could be applied wherever the conditions were the same. Artists and sculptors tried to find this ideal order in relation with mathematics, but they believed that this ideal order revealed itself not so much to the dispassionate intellect, as to the whole sentient self. Things as we see them, and as they really are, are one, that each stresses the nature of the other in a single unity.

question: The statues of who were thought to incarnate his living presence? 

answer: Apollo

question: Representations of illusive imaginative reality had deep roots in what period? 

answer: Minoan

question: What people saw the mountains, forests, sea and rivers as inhabited by concrete beings? 

answer: Greeks
Title: Apollo
Context: These representations rely on presenting scenes directly to the eye for their own visible sake. They care for the schematic arrangements of bodies in space, but only as parts in a larger whole. While each scene has its own character and completeness it must fit into the general sequence to which it belongs. In these archaic pediments the sculptors use empty intervals, to suggest a passage to and fro a busy battlefield. The artists seem to have been dominated by geometrical pattern and order, and this was improved when classical art brought a greater freedom and economy.

question: Who seemed to have been dominated by geometrical pattern and order? 

answer: The artists

question: What rely on presenting scenes directly to the eye for their own visibe sake? 

answer: These representations

question: While each scene has its own character and completeness, it must fit into what? 

answer: the general sequence to which it belongs
Title: Apollo
Context: Apollo as a handsome beardless young man, is often depicted with a kithara (as Apollo Citharoedus) or bow in his hand, or reclining on a tree (the Apollo Lykeios and Apollo Sauroctonos types). The Apollo Belvedere is a marble sculpture that was rediscovered in the late 15th century; for centuries it epitomized the ideals of Classical Antiquity for Europeans, from the Renaissance through the 19th century. The marble is a Hellenistic or Roman copy of a bronze original by the Greek sculptor Leochares, made between 350 and 325 BCE.

question: Who is often depicted with a kithara or bow in his hand? 

answer: Apollo

question: What is the name of a marble sculpture that was rediscovered in the late 15th century? 

answer: The Apollo Belvedere

question: Who made the Apollo Belvedere? 

answer: Leochares

question: When did Leochares make The Apollo Belvedere? 

answer: between 350 and 325 BCE
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Context: Bush's margin of victory in the popular vote was the smallest ever for a reelected incumbent president, but marked the first time since his father's victory 16 years prior that a candidate won a majority of the popular vote. The electoral map closely resembled that of 2000, with only three states changing sides: New Mexico and Iowa voted Republican in 2004 after having voted Democratic in 2000, while New Hampshire voted Democratic in 2004 after previously voting Republican. In the Electoral College, Bush received 286 votes to Kerry's 252.

question: How many States renounced their preferred political party? 

answer: three

question: Which state switched sides and embraced the Democratic party after previously choosing the Republican party? 

answer: New Hampshire

question: How many votes did Kerry receive, in the Electoral College? 

answer: 252

question: How large of a gap was there between Bush's and Kerry's votes?  

answer: the smallest ever

question: Which candidate, in the 2004 election, had the majority of the popular vote? 

answer: Bush
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Context: Just eight months into his presidency, the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 suddenly transformed Bush into a wartime president. Bush's approval ratings surged to near 90%. Within a month, the forces of a coalition led by the United States entered Afghanistan, which had been sheltering Osama bin Laden, suspected mastermind of the September 11 attacks. By December, the Taliban had been removed as rulers of Kabul, although a long and ongoing reconstruction would follow, severely hampered by ongoing turmoil and violence within the country.

question: What even occured during Bush's presidency that made him become a wartime president? 

answer: terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001

question: How long into Bush's presidency did tragedy occur on American soil? 

answer: eight months

question: Did Bush become disfavorable during the time of the 9/11 attacks? 

answer: surged to near 90%

question: How long did it take for the US military to respond by infiltrating Afghanistan? 

answer: Within a month

question: By which month, were the Taliban no longer controlling Kabul? 

answer: December
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Context: The Bush administration then turned its attention to Iraq, and argued the need to remove Saddam Hussein from power in Iraq had become urgent. Among the stated reasons were that Saddam's regime had tried to acquire nuclear material and had not properly accounted for biological and chemical material it was known to have previously possessed, and believed to still maintain. Both the possession of these weapons of mass destruction (WMD), and the failure to account for them, would violate the U.N. sanctions. The assertion about WMD was hotly advanced by the Bush administration from the beginning, but other major powers including China, France, Germany, and Russia remained unconvinced that Iraq was a threat and refused to allow passage of a UN Security Council resolution to authorize the use of force. Iraq permitted UN weapon inspectors in November 2002, who were continuing their work to assess the WMD claim when the Bush administration decided to proceed with war without UN authorization and told the inspectors to leave the country. The United States invaded Iraq on March 20, 2003, along with a "coalition of the willing" that consisted of additional troops from the United Kingdom, and to a lesser extent, from Australia and Poland. Within about three weeks, the invasion caused the collapse of both the Iraqi government and its armed forces, however, the U.S. and allied forces failed to find any weapon of mass destruction in Iraq. Traces of former materials and weapons labs were reported to have been located, but no "smoking guns". Nevertheless, on May 1, George W. Bush landed on the aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln, in a Lockheed S-3 Viking, where he gave a speech announcing the end of "major combat operations" in the Iraq War. Bush's approval rating in May was at 66%, according to a CNN–USA Today–Gallup poll. However, Bush's high approval ratings did not last. First, while the war itself was popular in the U.S., the reconstruction and attempted "democratization" of Iraq lost some support as months passed and casualty figures increased, with no decrease in violence nor progress toward stability or reconstruction. Second, as investigators combed through the country, they failed to find the predicted WMD stockpiles, which led to debate over the rationale for the war.

question: Who did Bush feel was important to remove from power, after removing the Taliban from Kabul? 

answer: Saddam Hussein

question: What does WMD stand for? 

answer: weapons of mass destruction

question: When did Iraq agree to allow UN inspectors into the country to check for weapons of mass destruction? 

answer: November 2002

question: Did Bush have the support of the UN, when he decided to infiltrate Iraq on March 20, 2003? 

answer: without UN authorization

question: After the Iraqi government and it's forces were defeated, were investigators able to locate the WMD? 

answer: they failed to find the predicted WMD stockpiles
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Context: On March 10, 2004, Bush officially clinched the number of delegates needed to be nominated at the 2004 Republican National Convention in New York City. Bush accepted the nomination on September 2, 2004, and selected Vice President Dick Cheney as his running mate. (In New York, the ticket was also on the ballot as candidates of the Conservative Party of New York State.) During the convention and throughout the campaign, Bush focused on two themes: defending America against terrorism and building an ownership society. The ownership society included allowing people to invest some of their Social Security in the stock market, increasing home and stock ownership, and encouraging more people to buy their own health insurance.

question: By what date did Bush obtain the number of votes required to become the 2004 Republican nominee? 

answer: March 10, 2004

question: When did Bush accept the Republican nomination? 

answer: September 2, 2004

question: Whom did Bush want to stand beside him as Vice President? 

answer: Dick Cheney

question: Which two topics did Bush remain steadfast on, during his campaign? 

answer: terrorism and building an ownership society

question: In New York State, which party was the Bush/Cheney duo candidates of? 

answer: Conservative Party
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Context: By summer of 2003, Howard Dean had become the apparent front runner for the Democratic nomination, performing strongly in most polls and leading the pack with the largest campaign war chest. Dean's strength as a fund raiser was attributed mainly to his embrace of the Internet for campaigning. The majority of his donations came from individual supporters, who became known as Deanites, or, more commonly, Deaniacs. Generally regarded as a pragmatic centrist during his time as governor, Dean emerged during his presidential campaign as a left-wing populist, denouncing the policies of the Bush administration (especially the 2003 invasion of Iraq) as well as fellow Democrats, who, in his view, failed to strongly oppose them. Senator Lieberman, a liberal on domestic issues but a hawk on the War on Terror, failed to gain traction with liberal Democratic primary voters.

question: Who became the Democratic nominee, half way through 2003? 

answer: Howard Dean

question: Dean's admiration for internet campaigning accredited his strength as what? 

answer: a fund raiser

question: What did Dean's backers become known as? 

answer: Deaniacs

question: What government position has Howard Dean previously held? 

answer: governor

question: Which of Bush's policies did Dean criticize most notably? 

answer: the 2003 invasion of Iraq
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Context: In September 2003, retired four-star general Wesley Clark announced his intention to run in the presidential primary election for the Democratic Party nomination. His campaign focused on themes of leadership and patriotism; early campaign ads relied heavily on biography. His late start left him with relatively few detailed policy proposals. This weakness was apparent in his first few debates, although he soon presented a range of position papers, including a major tax-relief plan. Nevertheless, the Democrats did not flock to support his campaign.

question: Which Democratic nominee declared his intention to enter into the presidential race, in the fall of 2003? 

answer: Wesley Clark

question: What did Wesley Clark's initial campaign ads depend upon? 

answer: biography

question: What were Wesley Clarks's core issues? 

answer: leadership and patriotism

question: What shortcoming was noticeable, from the start, for Wesley Clark? 

answer: few detailed policy proposals

question: Was Wesley Clark influential in gathering the Democratic backing? 

answer: did not flock to support his campaign
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Context: In sheer numbers, Kerry had fewer endorsements than Howard Dean, who was far ahead in the superdelegate race going into the Iowa caucuses in January 2004, although Kerry led the endorsement race in Iowa, New Hampshire, Arizona, South Carolina, New Mexico and Nevada. Kerry's main perceived weakness was in his neighboring state of New Hampshire and nearly all national polls. Most other states did not have updated polling numbers to give an accurate placing for the Kerry campaign before Iowa. Heading into the primaries, Kerry's campaign was largely seen as in trouble, particularly after he fired campaign manager Jim Jordan. The key factors enabling it to survive were when fellow Massachusetts Senator Ted Kennedy assigned Mary Beth Cahill to be the campaign manager, as well as Kerry's mortgaging his own home to lend the money to his campaign (while his wife was a billionaire, campaign finance rules prohibited using one's personal fortune). He also brought on the "magical" Michael Whouley who would be credited with helping bring home the Iowa victory the same as he did in New Hampshire for Al Gore in 2000 against Bill Bradley.

question: Who had the least amount of backers, between Kerry and Dean? 

answer: Kerry

question: Which state was expected to show the least amount of support for Kerry going into the caucuses, before Iowa? 

answer: New Hampshire

question: What act showed that Kerry's fight for the White House was in trouble? 

answer: he fired campaign manager Jim Jordan

question: Who took over for Jim Jordon, when he was fired? 

answer: Mary Beth Cahill

question: What regulation did Kerry not follow to try to save his campaign? 

answer: mortgaging his own home to lend the money to his campaign
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Context: In the race for individual contributions, economist Lyndon LaRouche dominated the pack leading up to the primaries. According to the Federal Election Commission statistics, LaRouche had more individual contributors to his 2004 presidential campaign than any other candidate, until the final quarter of the primary season, when John Kerry surpassed him. As of the April 15 filing, LaRouche had 7834 individual contributions, of those who have given cumulatively, $200 or more, as compared to 6257 for John Kerry, 5582 for John Edwards, 4090 for Howard Dean, and 2744 for Gephardt.

question: Who, at the start of the primaries, had the most single campaign contributors? 

answer: Lyndon LaRouche

question: Who had the highest amount of single campaign contributors, at the final quarter of the primaries? 

answer: John Kerry

question: Who earned the fewest individual contributions as of the April 15th filing date? 

answer: Gephardt

question: What agency provided statistical information regarding the Presidential Candidates' individual contributors? 

answer: Federal Election Commission
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Context: By the January 2004 Iowa caucuses, the field had dwindled down to nine candidates, as Bob Graham had dropped out of the race. Howard Dean was a strong front-runner. However, the Iowa caucuses yielded unexpectedly strong results for Democratic candidates John Kerry, who earned 38% of the state's delegates and John Edwards, who took 32%. Former front-runner Howard Dean slipped to 18% and third place, and Richard Gephardt finished fourth (11%). In the days leading up to the Iowa vote, there was much negative campaigning between the Dean and Gephardt camps.

question: How many candidates remained by the end of the Iowa caucuses, in January 2004? 

answer: nine

question: Which two candidates had surprising results despite Howard Dean being the strong front-runner? 

answer: John Kerry, who earned 38% of the state's delegates and John Edwards

question: Which candidate slipped into third place, following the Iowa caucuses? 

answer: Dean

question: Preceding the Iowa caucuses, which candidates used naysaying tactics in their campaigning? 

answer: Dean and Gephardt

question: Which candidate dropped out of the race, leaving the field to nine candidates? 

answer: Bob Graham
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Context: The dismal results caused Gephardt to drop out and later endorse Kerry. Carol Moseley Braun also dropped out, endorsing Howard Dean. Besides the impact of coming in third, Dean was further hurt by a speech he gave at a post-caucus rally. Dean was shouting over the cheers of his enthusiastic audience, but the crowd noise was being filtered out by his unidirectional microphone, leaving only his full-throated exhortations audible to the television viewers. To those at home, he seemed to raise his voice out of sheer emotion. The incessant replaying of the "Dean Scream" by the press became a debate on the topic of whether Dean was the victim of media bias. The scream scene was shown approximately 633 times by cable and broadcast news networks in just four days following the incident, a number that does not include talk shows and local news broadcasts. However, those who were in the actual audience that day insist that they were not aware of the infamous "scream" until they returned to their hotel rooms and saw it on TV.

question: Which candidate, after dropping out, went on to endorse Kerry? 

answer: Gephardt

question: Which troubled candidate did Carol Moseley Braun end up endorsing, after she dropped out? 

answer: Howard Dean

question: The continual playing of Dean's post-rally speech by the media stirred what type of controversy? 

answer: whether Dean was the victim of media bias

question: What tag did the media attach to Dean's post-rally speech? 

answer: "Dean Scream"

question: Did those in attendance at Dean's speech know about the "Dean Scream"? 

answer: they were not aware
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Context: The following week, John Edwards won the South Carolina primary and finished a strong second in Oklahoma to Clark. Lieberman dropped out of the campaign the following day. Kerry dominated throughout February and his support quickly snowballed as he won caucuses and primaries, taking in a string of wins in Michigan, Washington, Maine, Tennessee, Washington, D.C., Nevada, Wisconsin, Utah, Hawaii, and Idaho. Clark and Dean dropped out during this time, leaving Edwards as the only real threat to Kerry. Kucinich and Sharpton continued to run despite poor results at the polls.

question: Which candidate went on to win the South Carolina primary? 

answer: John Edwards

question: Which candidate won the Oklahoma primary? 

answer: Clark

question: Which candidate dropped out of the race, following losing the Oklahoma primary? 

answer: Lieberman

question: Which candidate received heighted support after winning caucuses and primaries in many states? 

answer: Kerry

question: After Clark and Dean dropped out, which candidate was considered to be the only real contender against Kerry? 

answer: Edwards
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Context: In March's Super Tuesday, Kerry won decisive victories in the California, Connecticut, Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, and Rhode Island primaries and the Minnesota caucuses. Dean, despite having withdrawn from the race two weeks earlier, won his home state of Vermont. Edwards finished only slightly behind Kerry in Georgia, but, failing to win a single state other than South Carolina, chose to withdraw from the presidential race. Sharpton followed suit a couple weeks later. Kuninch did not leave the race officially until July.

question: Which candidate was the fore-runner after definitively winning in the primaries and Minnesota caucuses? 

answer: Kerry

question: Which candidate won his state primary, despite having already dropped out of his race? 

answer: Dean

question: Which candidate finished in second place in the Georgia primary? 

answer: Edwards

question: Besides Georgia, what other state primary did Edwards win? 

answer: South Carolina

question: Which candidate dropped out of the race, next after Edwards? 

answer: Sharpton
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Context: On July 6, John Kerry selected John Edwards as his running mate, shortly before the 2004 Democratic National Convention in Boston, held later that month. Days before Kerry announced Edwards as his running mate, Kerry gave a short list of three candidates: Sen John Edwards, Rep Dick Gephardt, and Gov Tom Vilsack. Heading into the convention, the Kerry/Edwards ticket unveiled their new slogan—a promise to make America "stronger at home and more respected in the world." Kerry made his Vietnam War experience the prominent theme of the convention. In accepting the nomination, he began his speech with, "I'm John Kerry and I'm reporting for duty." He later delivered what may have been the speech's most memorable line when he said, "the future doesn't belong to fear, it belongs to freedom", a quote that later appeared in a Kerry/Edwards television advertisement.

question: Who did John Kerry choose to be by his side as the potential Vice President? 

answer: John Edwards

question: How many candidates did John Kerry name as potential prospects to be his running mate? 

answer: three

question: What was the Kerry/Edwards slogan that was released prior to the start of the convention in Boston? 

answer: "stronger at home and more respected in the world."

question: Which part of Kerry's Boston speech made reference to his military experience? 

answer: "I'm John Kerry and I'm reporting for duty."

question: Which famous line from Kerry's speech was later featured in one of his later television ad campaigns? 

answer: "the future doesn't belong to fear, it belongs to freedom"
Title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004
Context: Bush focused his campaign on national security, presenting himself as a decisive leader and contrasted Kerry as a "flip-flopper." This strategy was designed to convey to American voters the idea that Bush could be trusted to be tough on terrorism while Kerry would be "uncertain in the face of danger." Bush (just as his father did with Dukakis in the 1988 election) also sought to portray Kerry as a "Massachusetts liberal" who was out of touch with mainstream Americans. One of Kerry's slogans was "Stronger at home, respected in the world." This advanced the suggestion that Kerry would pay more attention to domestic concerns; it also encapsulated Kerry's contention that Bush had alienated American allies by his foreign policy.

question: What was the primary focus of Bush's campaign? 

answer: national security

question: How did Bush try to convey that he was the stronger, tougher candidate? 

answer: presenting himself as a decisive leader and contrasted Kerry as a "flip-flopper."

question: What phrase did Kerry use to try to express that he was more concerned for America? 

answer: "Stronger at home, respected in the world."

question: What does Kerry feel Bush aliented the American people with? 

answer: his foreign policy

question: The stategy that Bush used against Kerry was compared to what other similar strategy in the past? 

answer: just as his father did with Dukakis in the 1988 election