praj-17/QA-MCQ-Open-ended huggingface dataset:
Title: John_Kerry
Context: The Forbes 400 survey estimated in 2004 that Teresa Heinz Kerry had a net worth of $750 million. However, estimates have frequently varied, ranging from around $165 million to as high as $3.2 billion, according to a study in the Los Angeles Times. Regardless of which figure is correct, Kerry was the wealthiest U.S. Senator while serving in the Senate. Independent of Heinz, Kerry is wealthy in his own right, and is the beneficiary of at least four trusts inherited from Forbes family relatives, including his mother, Rosemary Forbes Kerry, who died in 2002. Forbes magazine (named for the Forbes family of publishers, unrelated to Kerry) estimated that if elected, and if Heinz family assets were included, Kerry would have been the third-richest U.S. President in history, when adjusted for inflation. This assessment was based on Heinz and Kerry's combined assets, but the couple signed a prenuptial agreement that keeps their assets separate. Kerry's financial disclosure form for 2011 put his personal assets in the range of $230,000,000 to $320,000,000, including the assets of his spouse and any dependent children. This included slightly more than three million dollars worth of H. J. Heinz Company assets, which increased in value by over six hundred thousand dollars in 2013 when Berkshire Hathaway announced their intention to purchase the company.

question: What was Teresa Heinz Kerry's net worth in 2004 according to Forbes? 

answer: $750 million

question: What range of estimates have been given for Teresa Heinz Kerry's net worth? 

answer: from around $165 million to as high as $3.2 billion

question: What was Kerry's mother's name? 

answer: Rosemary Forbes Kerry

question: When did Kerry's mother pass away? 

answer: 2002

question: Where would Kerry have ranked among richest US presidents, adjusted for inflation? 

answer: third-richest
Title: John_Kerry
Context: Kerry is a Roman Catholic, and is said to carry a religious rosary, a prayer book, and a St. Christopher medal (the patron saint of travelers) when he campaigned. While Kerry is personally against abortion, he supports a woman's legal right to have one. Discussing his faith, Kerry said, "I thought of being a priest. I was very religious while at school in Switzerland. I was an altar boy and prayed all the time. I was very centered around the Mass and the church." He also said that the Letters of Paul (Apostle Paul) moved him the most, stating that they taught him to "not feel sorry for myself."

question: What religion is Kerry? 

answer: Roman Catholic

question: What religious items did Kerry bring with him while campaigning? 

answer: a religious rosary, a prayer book, and a St. Christopher medal

question: What is St. Christopher the patron saint of? 

answer: travelers

question: What did Kerry do in the church while living in Switzerland? 

answer: was an altar boy and prayed all the time

question: Which part of the Bible did Kerry find the most moving? 

answer: the Letters of Paul
Title: John_Kerry
Context: Kerry told Christianity Today in October 2004 "I'm a Catholic and I practice, but at the same time I have an open-mindedness to many other expressions of spirituality that come through different religions... I've spent some time reading and thinking about religion and trying to study it, and I've arrived at not so much a sense of the differences, but a sense of the similarities in so many ways." He said that he believed that the Torah, the Qur'an, and the Bible all share a fundamental story which connects with readers.

question: Who interviewed Kerry in Oct 2004 about his religion? 

answer: Christianity Today

question: What did Kerry tell Christianity Today that he is open-minded to? 

answer: many other expressions of spirituality that come through different religions

question: What did Kerry say about major religious texts? 

answer: he believed that the Torah, the Qur'an, and the Bible all share a fundamental story
Title: John_Kerry
Context: In addition to the sports he played at Yale, Kerry is described by Sports Illustrated, among others, as an "avid cyclist", primarily riding on a road bike. Prior to his presidential bid, Kerry was known to have participated in several long-distance rides (centuries). Even during his many campaigns, he was reported to have visited bicycle stores in both his home state and elsewhere. His staff requested recumbent stationary bikes for his hotel rooms. He has also been a snowboarder, windsurfer, and sailor.

question: Who said Kerry is an 'avid cyclist'? 

answer: Sports Illustrated

question: What type of bicycle does Kerry prefer? 

answer: a road bike

question: What are 'centuries' in bicycling? 

answer: long-distance rides

question: What bicycles did Kerry use while campaigning? 

answer: recumbent stationary bikes for his hotel rooms

question: What other sports does Kerry participate in? 

answer: snowboarder, windsurfer, and sailor
Title: John_Kerry
Context: According to the Boston Herald, dated July 23, 2010, Kerry commissioned construction on a new $7 million yacht (a Friendship 75) in New Zealand and moored it in Portsmouth, Rhode Island, where the Friendship yacht company is based. The article claimed this allowed him to avoid paying Massachusetts taxes on the property including approximately $437,500 in sales tax and an annual excise tax of about $500. However, on July 27, 2010, Kerry stated he had yet to take legal possession of the boat, had not intended to avoid the taxes, and that when he took possession, he would pay the taxes whether he owed them or not.

question: What type of yacht did Kerry buy? 

answer: a Friendship 75

question: How expensive was Kerry's yacht? 

answer: $7 million

question: Where was Kerry's yacht built? 

answer: New Zealand

question: How much sales tax did Kerry owe on the yacht? 

answer: $437,500

question: Which state received Kerry's yacht's sales tax? 

answer: Massachusetts
Title: Rajasthan
Context: Rajasthan (/ˈrɑːdʒəstæn/ Hindustani pronunciation: [raːdʒəsˈt̪ʰaːn] ( listen); literally, "Land of Kings") is India's largest state by area (342,239 square kilometres (132,139 sq mi) or 10.4% of India's total area). It is located on the western side of the country, where it comprises most of the wide and inhospitable Thar Desert (also known as the "Rajasthan Desert" and "Great Indian Desert") and shares a border with the Pakistani provinces of Punjab to the northwest and Sindh to the west, along the Sutlej-Indus river valley. Elsewhere it is bordered by the other Indian states: Punjab to the north; Haryana and Uttar Pradesh to the northeast; Madhya Pradesh to the southeast; and Gujarat to the southwest. Its features include the ruins of the Indus Valley Civilization at Kalibanga; the Dilwara Temples, a Jain pilgrimage site at Rajasthan's only hill station, Mount Abu, in the ancient Aravalli mountain range; and, in eastern Rajasthan, the Keoladeo National Park near Bharatpur, a World Heritage Site known for its bird life. Rajasthan is also home to two national tiger reserves, the Ranthambore National Park in Sawai Madhopur and Sariska Tiger Reserve in Alwar.

question: How many square kilometers is Rajasthan? 

answer: 342,239

question: What percentage of India's total area is Rajasthan? 

answer: 10.4%

question: What are alternative names the Thar Desert is known by? 

answer: the "Rajasthan Desert" and "Great Indian Desert"

question: What province in Pakistan does Rajasthan border on its north? 

answer: Punjab

question: The Dilwara Temples are a pilgrimage site for whom? 

answer: Jain
Title: Rajasthan
Context: The first mention of the name "Rajasthan" appears in James Tod's 1829 publication Annals and Antiquities of Rajast'han or the Central and Western Rajpoot States of India, while the earliest known record of "Rajputana" as a name for the region is in George Thomas's 1800 memoir Military Memories. John Keay, in his book India: A History, stated that "Rajputana" was coined by the British in 1829, John Briggs, translating Ferishta's history of early Islamic India, used the phrase "Rajpoot (Rajput) princes" rather than "Indian princes".

question: When was the first usage of the word Rajasthan? 

answer: 1829

question: In what publication did the name Rajasthan first appear? 

answer: Annals and Antiquities of Rajast'han or the Central and Western Rajpoot States of India

question: What is another name for the Rajasthan region? 

answer: Rajputana

question: In what year did George Thomas write the memoir known as Military Memories? 

answer: 1800

question: Who wrote the book entitled India: A History? 

answer: John Keay
Title: Rajasthan
Context: Parts of what is now Rajasthan were part of the Indus Valley Civilization. Kalibangan, in Hanumangarh district, was a major provincial capital of the Indus Valley Civilization,. It is believed that Western Kshatrapas (405–35 BC) were Saka rulers of the western part of India (Saurashtra and Malwa: modern Gujarat, Southern Sindh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan). They were successors to the Indo-Scythians and were contemporaneous with the Kushans, who ruled the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. The Indo-Scythians invaded the area of Ujjain and established the Saka era (with their calendar), marking the beginning of the long-lived Saka Western Satraps state. Matsya, a state of the Vedic civilisation of India, is said to roughly corresponded to the former state of Jaipur in Rajasthan and included the whole of Alwar with portions of Bharatpur. The capital of Matsya was at Viratanagar (modern Bairat), which is said to have been named after its founder king Virata.

question: Some portions of Rajasthan were involved with what ancient civilization? 

answer: the Indus Valley Civilization

question: In what Indus Valley Civilization district was Kalibangan within? 

answer: Hanumangarh district

question: What were the Saka Rulers of Western India believed to be called? 

answer: Western Kshatrapas

question: Over what time period were the Western Kshatrapas in power? 

answer: 405–35 BC

question: The Kushans ruled what part of the Indian subcontinent? 

answer: the northern part
Title: Rajasthan
Context: Traditionally the Rajputs, Jats, Meenas, Gurjars, Bhils, Rajpurohit, Charans, Yadavs, Bishnois, Sermals, PhulMali (Saini) and other tribes made a great contribution in building the state of Rajasthan. All these tribes suffered great difficulties in protecting their culture and the land. Millions of them were killed trying to protect their land. A number of Gurjars had been exterminated in Bhinmal and Ajmer areas fighting with the invaders. Bhils once ruled Kota. Meenas were rulers of Bundi and the Dhundhar region.

question: Members of what tribe were exterminated in Ajmer? 

answer: Gurjars

question: What tribe formerly ruled Kota? 

answer: Bhils

question: What was the name of the group that formerly ruled Bundi? 

answer: Meenas

question: What is another way to refer to the PhulMali? 

answer: Saini

question: The Jats assisted in building what state? 

answer: Rajasthan
Title: Rajasthan
Context: The Gurjar Pratihar Empire acted as a barrier for Arab invaders from the 8th to the 11th century. The chief accomplishment of the Gurjara Pratihara empire lies in its successful resistance to foreign invasions from the west, starting in the days of Junaid. Historian R. C. Majumdar says that this was openly acknowledged by the Arab writers. He further notes that historians of India have wondered at the slow progress of Muslim invaders in India, as compared with their rapid advance in other parts of the world. Now there seems little doubt that it was the power of the Gurjara Pratihara army that effectively barred the progress of the Arabs beyond the confines of Sindh, their first conquest for nearly 300 years.

question: What empire stopped Arab invasions? 

answer: Gurjar Pratihar Empire

question: Arab attempted to invade the Gurjar Pratihar Empire beginning in what century? 

answer: 8th

question: Arab conquest was limited to what region? 

answer: Sindh

question: What was the most notable accomplishment of the Gurjara Pratihara Empire? 

answer: its successful resistance to foreign invasions

question: Which historian claims that even the Arabs acknowledged the importance of the Gurjara Pratihara Empire in stopping invasions? 

answer: Historian R. C. Majumdar
Title: Rajasthan
Context: Modern Rajasthan includes most of Rajputana, which comprises the erstwhile nineteen princely states, two chiefships, and the British district of Ajmer-Merwara. Marwar (Jodhpur), Bikaner, Mewar (Chittorgarh), Alwar and Dhundhar (Jaipur) were some of the main Rajput princely states. Bharatpur and Dholpur were Jat princely states whereas Tonk was a princely state under a Muslim Nawab. Rajput families rose to prominence in the 6th century CE. The Rajputs put up a valiant resistance to the Islamic invasions and protected this land with their warfare and chivalry for more than 500 years. They also resisted Mughal incursions into India and thus contributed to their slower-than-anticipated access to the Indian subcontinent. Later, the Mughals, through skilled warfare, were able to get a firm grip on northern India, including Rajasthan. Mewar led other kingdoms in its resistance to outside rule. Most notably, Rana Sanga fought the Battle of Khanua against Babur, the founder of the Mughal empire.

question: How many princely states of Rajputana contain? 

answer: nineteen

question: What is the name of the British district within Rajputana? 

answer: Ajmer-Merwara

question: Bharatpur is an example of what kind of state? 

answer: princely

question: Under a Muslim Nawab there was a princely state, what was its name? 

answer: Tonk

question: What families rose to power in the 6th century? 

answer: Rajput families
Title: Rajasthan
Context: Over the years, the Mughals began to have internal disputes which greatly distracted them at times. The Mughal Empire continued to weaken, and with the decline of the Mughal Empire in the 18th century, Rajputana came under the suzerainty of the Marathas. The Marathas, who were Hindus from the state of what is now Maharashtra, ruled Rajputana for most of the eighteenth century. The Maratha Empire, which had replaced the Mughal Empire as the overlord of the subcontinent, was finally replaced by the British Empire in 1818.

question: What group in the Rajasthan region started to have internal disputes? 

answer: Mughals

question: In what century did the Mughal Empire come into decline? 

answer: 18th century

question: The Maratharas gained what over Rajputana? 

answer: suzerainty

question: Where were the Marathas from? 

answer: the state of what is now Maharashtra

question: In what year did the British Empire replace the Maratha Empire? 

answer: 1818
Title: Rajasthan
Context: The geographic features of Rajasthan are the Thar Desert and the Aravalli Range, which runs through the state from southwest to northeast, almost from one end to the other, for more than 850 kilometres (530 mi). Mount Abu lies at the southwestern end of the range, separated from the main ranges by the West Banas River, although a series of broken ridges continues into Haryana in the direction of Delhi where it can be seen as outcrops in the form of the Raisina Hill and the ridges farther north. About three-fifths of Rajasthan lies northwest of the Aravallis, leaving two-fifths on the east and south direction.

question: Which mountain range goes through Rajasthan? 

answer: the Aravalli Range

question: What is the length in miles of the Aravalli Range? 

answer: 530 mi

question: What peak is at the southwestern part of the Aravalli Range? 

answer: Mount Abu

question: What portion of Rajasthan is east and south of the Aravalli Range? 

answer: two-fifths

question: Which river separates the main Aravelli ranges? 

answer: West Banas River
Title: Rajasthan
Context: The northwestern portion of Rajasthan is generally sandy and dry. Most of this region are covered by the Thar Desert which extends into adjoining portions of Pakistan. The Aravalli Range does not intercept the moisture-giving southwest monsoon winds off the Arabian Sea, as it lies in a direction parallel to that of the coming monsoon winds, leaving the northwestern region in a rain shadow. The Thar Desert is thinly populated; the town of Jodhpur is the largest city in the desert and known as the gateway of thar desert. The desert has some major districts like Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Barmer, Bikaner and Nagour. This area is also important defence point of view. Jodhpur airbase is Indias largest airbase and military, BSF bases are also situated here. A single civil airport is also situated in Jodhpur. The Northwestern thorn scrub forests lie in a band around the Thar Desert, between the desert and the Aravallis. This region receives less than 400 mm of rain in an average year. Temperatures can exceed 48 °C in the summer months and drop below freezing in the winter. The Godwar, Marwar, and Shekhawati regions lie in the thorn scrub forest zone, along with the city of Jodhpur. The Luni River and its tributaries are the major river system of Godwar and Marwar regions, draining the western slopes of the Aravallis and emptying southwest into the great Rann of Kutch wetland in neighboring Gujarat. This river is saline in the lower reaches and remains potable only up to Balotara in Barmer district. The Ghaggar River, which originates in Haryana, is an intermittent stream that disappears into the sands of the Thar Desert in the northern corner of the state and is seen as a remnant of the primitive Saraswati river.

question: Dry and sandy conditions are indicative of which region of Rajasthan?  

answer: The northwestern portion

question: Which desert is in the northwestern part of Rajasthan? 

answer: the Thar Desert

question: What is the most populous city in the Thar Desert? 

answer: Jodhpur

question: What are the names of the major districts of the Thar? 

answer: Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Barmer, Bikaner and Nagour

question: Rainfall in the Thar Desert region is less than what amount each year on avarage? 

answer: 400 mm
Title: Rajasthan
Context: The Aravalli Range and the lands to the east and southeast of the range are generally more fertile and better watered. This region is home to the Kathiarbar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion, with tropical dry broadleaf forests that include teak, Acacia, and other trees. The hilly Vagad region, home to the cities of Dungarpur and Banswara lies in southernmost Rajasthan, on the border with Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh. With the exception of Mount Abu, Vagad is the wettest region in Rajasthan, and the most heavily forested. North of Vagad lies the Mewar region, home to the cities of Udaipur and Chittaurgarh. The Hadoti region lies to the southeast, on the border with Madhya Pradesh. North of Hadoti and Mewar lies the Dhundhar region, home to the state capital of Jaipur. Mewat, the easternmost region of Rajasthan, borders Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. Eastern and southeastern Rajasthan is drained by the Banas and Chambal rivers, tributaries of the Ganges.

question: What is a characteristic of the region to the east of the Aravalli range? 

answer: more fertile and better watered

question: What is the name of the ecoregion to the east and southeast of the Aravalli Range? 

answer: the Kathiarbar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion

question: What are two examples of trees in the broadleaf forests east of the Aravalli's? 

answer: teak, Acacia

question: What is the name of the region which is home to Dungarpur? 

answer: Vagad region

question: What is the most heavily forested region in Rajasthan? 

answer: Vagad
Title: Rajasthan
Context: The Aravalli Range runs across the state from the southwest peak Guru Shikhar (Mount Abu), which is 1,722 m in height, to Khetri in the northeast. This range divides the state into 60% in the northwest of the range and 40% in the southeast. The northwest tract is sandy and unproductive with little water but improves gradually from desert land in the far west and northwest to comparatively fertile and habitable land towards the east. The area includes the Thar Desert. The south-eastern area, higher in elevation (100 to 350 m above sea level) and more fertile, has a very diversified topography. in the south lies the hilly tract of Mewar. In the southeast, a large area within the districts of Kota and Bundi forms a tableland. To the northeast of these districts is a rugged region (badlands) following the line of the Chambal River. Farther north the country levels out; the flat plains of the northeastern Bharatpur district are part of an alluvial basin. Merta City lies in the geographical center of Rajasthan.

question: How many meters high is Guru Shikhar? 

answer: 1,722

question: What percentage of Rajasthan is to the northwest of the Aravalli range? 

answer: 60%

question: What is the average elevation of the south-eastern region of Rajasthan? 

answer: 100 to 350 m above sea level

question: A tableland is contained within what to southeastern districts? 

answer: Kota and Bundi

question: What river runs along the badlands in the northeast of Rajasthan 

answer: the Chambal River
Title: Rajasthan
Context: The Desert National Park in Jaisalmer is spread over an area of 3,162 square kilometres (1,221 sq mi), is an excellent example of the ecosystem of the Thar Desert and its diverse fauna. Seashells and massive fossilised tree trunks in this park record the geological history of the desert. The region is a haven for migratory and resident birds of the desert. One can see many eagles, harriers, falcons, buzzards, kestrels and vultures. Short-toed eagles (Circaetus gallicus), tawny eagles (Aquila rapax), spotted eagles (Aquila clanga), laggar falcons (Falco jugger) and kestrels are the commonest of these.

question: Which region contains Desert National Park? 

answer: Jaisalmer

question: How many square miles is Desert National Park? 

answer: 1,221 sq mi

question: What types of large fossils are found in Desert National Park? 

answer: massive fossilised tree trunks

question: What are the most common types of eagles one might see in the Jaisalmer region? 

answer: Short-toed eagles (Circaetus gallicus), tawny eagles (Aquila rapax), spotted eagles (Aquila clanga)

question: What is another name for a laggar falcon? 

answer: Falco jugger
Title: Rajasthan
Context: Ranthambore National Park is known worldwide for its tiger population and is considered by both wilderness lovers and photographers as one of the best place in India to spot tigers. At one point, due to poaching and negligence, tigers became extinct at Sariska, but five tigers have been relocated there. Prominent among the wildlife sanctuaries are Mount Abu Sanctuary, Bhensrod Garh Sanctuary, Darrah Sanctuary, Jaisamand Sanctuary, Kumbhalgarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Jawahar Sagar sanctuary, and Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary.

question: What Rajasthani national park is known for its tigers? 

answer: Ranthambore National Park

question: How many tigers were relocated to Sariska? 

answer: five tigers

question: Ranthamb National Park is known by photographers as what? 

answer: one of the best place in India to spot tigers

question: Why did tigers became extinct in Sariska? 

answer: poaching and negligence