praj-17/QA-MCQ-Open-ended huggingface dataset:
Title: New_Haven,_Connecticut
Context: On July 5, 1779, 2,600 loyalists and British regulars under General William Tryon, governor of New York, landed in New Haven Harbor and raided the 3,500-person town. A militia of Yale students had been prepping for battle, and former Yale president and Yale Divinity School professor Naphtali Daggett rode out to confront the Redcoats. Yale president Ezra Stiles recounted in his diary that while he moved furniture in anticipation of battle, he still couldn't quite believe the revolution had begun. New Haven was not torched as the invaders did with Danbury in 1777, or Fairfield and Norwalk a week after the New Haven raid, so many of the town's colonial features were preserved.

question: What is the name of the General who led the raid against New Haven on July 5, 1779? 

answer: General William Tryon

question: Who was the president of Yale at the time of the attack? 

answer: Ezra Stiles

question: Why did New Haven fair better than other invaded cities? 

answer: New Haven was not torched

question: What was the size  of the invading force? 

answer: 2,600

question: Who was the governor of New York under which the loyalist and British raid of New Haven took place? 

answer: General William Tryon

question: The students of what New Haven university formed an ad-hoc militia to confront the Redcoats? 

answer: Yale

question: Who was the professor of Yale Divinity School that led the student militia to confront the Redcoats? 

answer: Naphtali Daggett

question: On what date did the loyalists and Redcoats land in New Haven Harbor to commence a raid on New Haven? 

answer: July 5, 1779

question: Who was the president of Yale that provided diary accounts expressing disbelief over the commencement of the revolution in New Haven? 

answer: Ezra Stiles

question: What is the name of the general that lead British regulars to New Haven Harbor? 

answer: William Tryon

question: At the time what was the population of New Haven Harbor? 

answer: 3,500

question: A group of militia from a very famous modern town in Connecticut came to fought in the Harbor, what was the name of their town? 

answer: Yale

question: The militia that fought in New Haven was lead by who?  

answer: Naphtali Daggett

question: After the battle were New Haven historical features lost or torched? 

answer: town's colonial features were preserved.
Title: New_Haven,_Connecticut
Context: The city struck fortune in the late 18th century with the inventions and industrial activity of Eli Whitney, a Yale graduate who remained in New Haven to develop the cotton gin and establish a gun-manufacturing factory in the northern part of the city near the Hamden town line. That area is still known as Whitneyville, and the main road through both towns is known as Whitney Avenue. The factory is now the Eli Whitney Museum, which has a particular emphasis on activities for children and exhibits pertaining to the A. C. Gilbert Company. His factory, along with that of Simeon North, and the lively clock-making and brass hardware sectors, contributed to making early Connecticut a powerful manufacturing economy; so many arms manufacturers sprang up that the state became known as "The Arsenal of America". It was in Whitney's gun-manufacturing plant that Samuel Colt invented the automatic revolver in 1836. The Farmington Canal, created in the early 19th century, was a short-lived transporter of goods into the interior regions of Connecticut and Massachusetts, and ran from New Haven to Northampton, Massachusetts.

question: Who is the Yale graduate, inventor, and arms manufacturer that had a large positive impact on the New Haven economy in the late 18th century? 

answer: Eli Whitney

question: What invention, for which he is primarily known, did Eli Whitney develop in New Haven? 

answer: the cotton gin

question: What is the area near Hamden that was renamed for Eli Whitney? 

answer: Whitneyville

question: What was the nickname given to Connecticut due to the large number of arms manufacturers that arose in the state?  

answer: "The Arsenal of America"

question: In 1836, who invented the automatic revolver in Eli Whitney's gun manufacturing plant? 

answer: Samuel Colt

question: What is the name of the inventor that created the cotton gin in New Haven? 

answer: Eli Whitney

question: What is the name of the main road that connects New Haven to Hamden? 

answer: Whitney Avenue

question: What was the company that was responsible Connecticut rise as a manufacturing economy?  

answer: A. C. Gilbert

question: The rise of gun factories within Connecticut earn the state what name? 

answer: The Arsenal of America

question: In what year was the first automatic revolver invented? 

answer: 1836
Title: New_Haven,_Connecticut
Context: New Haven was home to one of the important early events in the burgeoning anti-slavery movement when, in 1839, the trial of mutineering Mende tribesmen being transported as slaves on the Spanish slaveship Amistad was held in New Haven's United States District Court. There is a statue of Joseph Cinqué, the informal leader of the slaves, beside City Hall. See "Museums" below for more information. Abraham Lincoln delivered a speech on slavery in New Haven in 1860, shortly before he secured the Republican nomination for President.

question: In what year did an important trial take place which situated New Haven among the forefront of the growing anti-slavery movement? 

answer: 1839

question: What tribesman were being transported  as slaves on a ship by the Spanish? 

answer: Mende

question: What was the name of the Spanish slave ship used to transport the Mende tribesmen? 

answer: Amistad

question: Who was the informal leader of the slaves to whom there is a statue dedicated beside City Hall in New Haven? 

answer: Joseph Cinqué

question: In 1860, what notable U.S. president gave a speech on slavery in New Haven? 

answer: Abraham Lincoln

question: Who was the leader of slaves during the New Haven anti slavery movement in 1839 

answer: Joseph Cinqué

question: What famous president made a speech in New Haven in 1860? 

answer: Abraham Lincoln

question: Exactly who were the slaves upon the Spanish slaveship? 

answer: Mende tribesmen

question: What is the name of the slaveship that once sit in New Haven Harbor? 

answer: Amistad
Title: New_Haven,_Connecticut
Context: The American Civil War boosted the local economy with wartime purchases of industrial goods, including that of the New Haven Arms Company, which would later become the Winchester Repeating Arms Company. (Winchester would continue to produce arms in New Haven until 2006, and many of the buildings that were a part of the Winchester plant are now a part of the Winchester Repeating Arms Company Historic District.) After the war, population grew and doubled by the start of the 20th century, most notably due to the influx of immigrants from southern Europe, particularly Italy. Today, roughly half the populations of East Haven, West Haven, and North Haven are Italian-American. Jewish immigration to New Haven has left an enduring mark on the city. Westville was the center of Jewish life in New Haven, though today many have fanned out to suburban communities such as Woodbridge and Cheshire.

question: What major war stimulated the New Haven economy by way of industrial goods purchased through the New Haven Arms Company? 

answer: American Civil War

question: What was the New Haven Arms Company later renamed? 

answer: Winchester Repeating Arms Company

question: The increase in immigrants from what country in southern Europe had a notable impact on the population growth in New Haven in the early 20th century? 

answer: Italy

question: What ethnic group currently comprises approximately half the population of East Haven, West Haven and North Haven? 

answer: Italian-American

question: What area of New Haven was known for being the center of the Jewish community? 

answer: Westville

question: What was the original name of the famous rifle manufacturing companies in New Haven? 

answer: New Haven Arms Company

question: In modern day New Haven who makes up for majority of the demographics in terms of ethnicity? 

answer: Italian-American

question: The Civil War had many effects after the war, what was the main effect for New Haven? 

answer: population grew and doubled
Title: New_Haven,_Connecticut
Context: In 1954, then-mayor Richard C. Lee began some of the earliest major urban renewal projects in the United States. Certain sections of downtown New Haven were redeveloped to include museums, new office towers, a hotel, and large shopping complexes. Other parts of the city were affected by the construction of Interstate 95 along the Long Wharf section, Interstate 91, and the Oak Street Connector. The Oak Street Connector (Route 34), running between Interstate 95, downtown, and The Hill neighborhood, was originally intended as a highway to the city's western suburbs but was only completed as a highway to the downtown area, with the area to the west becoming a boulevard (See "Redevelopment" below).

question: What New Haven mayor is responsible for projects that placed the city among the forefront of urban renewal in the U.S. circa 1954?  

answer: Richard C. Lee

question: What major U.S. interstate runs along the Long Wharf section of New Haven? 

answer: Interstate 95

question: What New Haven thoroughfare runs between Interstate 95, downtown, and the neighborhood known as The Hill? 

answer: The Oak Street Connector

question: What area of New Haven was Route 34 originally intended to service? 

answer: the city's western suburbs

question: What did the western portion of Route 34 ultimately become? 

answer: a boulevard

question: What was the name of the mayor that lead the urban development project in New Haven 1954? 

answer: Richard C. Lee

question: What was of the major urban development that affected several New Haven neighborhood? 

answer: construction of Interstate 95

question: During this redevelopment process what happen to the West part of Route 34? 

answer: becoming a boulevard
Title: New_Haven,_Connecticut
Context: Since approximately 2000, many parts of downtown New Haven have been revitalized, with new restaurants, nightlife, and small retail stores. In particular, the area surrounding the New Haven Green has experienced an influx of apartments and condominiums. In recent years, downtown retail options have increased with the opening of new stores such as Urban Oufitters, J Crew, Origins, American Apparel, Gant Clothing, and an Apple Store, joining older stores such as Barnes & Noble, Cutlers Records, and Raggs Clothing. In addition, downtown's growing residential population will be served by two new supermarkets, a Stop & Shop just outside downtown and Elm City Market located one block from the Green. The recent turnaround of downtown New Haven has received positive press from various periodicals.

question: In approximately what year did revitalization most recently begin to occur in downtown New Haven? 

answer: 2000

question: What specific area of downtown New Haven enjoyed a notable increase in apartments in condominiums at the beginning of the current century? 

answer: the area surrounding the New Haven Green

question: What specific service sector has substantially increased in downtown New Haven in recent years? 

answer: retail

question: In addition to Stop & Shop, what new supermarket is located one block from the Green and is poised to serve the growing downtown population? 

answer: Elm City Market

question: In the 21st Century what has happen to most of Downtown New Haven in terms of retail? 

answer: the opening of new stores

question: How has the media perceive most of these changes to the Downtown area? 

answer: positive press from various periodicals.

question: What has happen in New Haven Green during the 2000s? 

answer: experienced an influx of apartments

question: Including to the growth, what market chain have expanded nearby Downtown New Haven? 

answer: Stop & Shop
Title: New_Haven,_Connecticut
Context: Major projects include the current construction of a new campus for Gateway Community College downtown, and also a 32-story, 500-unit apartment/retail building called 360 State Street. The 360 State Street project is now occupied and is the largest residential building in Connecticut. A new boathouse and dock is planned for New Haven Harbor, and the linear park Farmington Canal Trail is set to extend into downtown New Haven within the coming year. Additionally, foundation and ramp work to widen I-95 to create a new harbor crossing for New Haven, with an extradosed bridge to replace the 1950s-era Q Bridge, has begun. The city still hopes to redevelop the site of the New Haven Coliseum, which was demolished in 2007.

question: What multi-use project in New Haven is the largest residential building in Connecticut? 

answer: 360 State Street

question: What park is anticipated to extend to downtown New Haven? 

answer: Farmington Canal Trail

question: For what area are a new boathouse and dock being planned? 

answer: New Haven Harbor

question: What is the city landmark demolished in 2007 that the city ultimately wish to redevelop? 

answer: New Haven Coliseum

question: What is the name of building project is taking place in Gateway Community College downtown? 

answer: 360 State Street.

question: The New Haven Harbor is receiving what kind of adjustment? 

answer: dock is planned

question: The city of New Haven wants to redevelop/build what sort of structure? 

answer: New Haven Coliseum

question: In terms of infrastructure, what is being develop in the downtown area? 

answer: linear park Farmington Canal Trail

question: What type of bridge is replacing the old Q Bridge? 

answer: an extradosed bridge
Title: New_Haven,_Connecticut
Context: In April 2009, the United States Supreme Court agreed to hear a suit over reverse discrimination brought by 18 white firefighters against the city. The suit involved the 2003 promotion test for the New Haven Fire Department. After the tests were scored, no black firefighters scored high enough to qualify for consideration for promotion, so the city announced that no one would be promoted. In the subsequent Ricci v. DeStefano decision the court found 5-4 that New Haven's decision to ignore the test results violated Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. As a result, a district court subsequently ordered the city to promote 14 of the white firefighters.

question: In what year did the U.S. Supreme Court entertain a lawsuit filed by 18 New Haven firefighters against the city of New Haven? 

answer: 2009

question: What was the distinguishing issue of the lawsuit over which 18 white firefighters in New Haven sought relief from the U.S. Supreme Court? 

answer: reverse discrimination

question: What was the name of the case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the city of New Haven had violated the Civil Rights Act of 1964 by denying any firefighter a promotion?  

answer: Ricci v. DeStefano

question: In what year did low scores of black firefighters on a promotion test issued by the New Haven Fire Department ultimately halt promotions for all firefighters of any race in the city? 

answer: 2003

question: How many of the 18 white firefighters received promotions via district court order to the city of New Haven following the U.S. Supreme Court ruling in favor of the petitioning firefighters? 

answer: 14

question: What was the decision from the 2009 Supreme Court Case? 

answer: to ignore the test results

question: The Court case was involve between which two parties? 

answer: firefighters against the city

question: What did the city do after the fail test scores for promotions? 

answer: no one would be promoted

question: Out of how many of the white fireman got a promotion afterwards? 

answer: 14 of the white firefighters
Title: New_Haven,_Connecticut
Context: In 2010 and 2011, state and federal funds were awarded to Connecticut (and Massachusetts) to construct the Hartford Line, with a southern terminus at New Haven's Union Station and a northern terminus at Springfield's Union Station. According to the White House, "This corridor [currently] has one train per day connecting communities in Connecticut and Massachusetts to the Northeast Corridor and Vermont. The vision for this corridor is to restore the alignment to its original route via the Knowledge Corridor in western Massachusetts, improving trip time and increasing the population base that can be served." Set for construction in 2013, the "Knowledge Corridor high speed intercity passenger rail" project will cost approximately $1 billion, and the ultimate northern terminus for the project is reported to be Montreal in Canada. Train speeds between will reportedly exceed 110 miles per hour (180 km/h) and increase both cities' rail traffic exponentially.

question: Funding was awarded to Connecticut in 2010 and 2011 to build what line with a southern terminus in New Haven? 

answer: Hartford Line

question: At what terminal in New Haven was the Hartford Line slated to originate? 

answer: Union Station

question: What location provided the northern terminus for the Hartford Line? 

answer: Springfield's Union Station

question: What is the name of the corridor in western Massachusetts by which federal authorities sought to improve trip times and the amount of the population served in both New Haven and Springfield?  

answer: Knowledge Corridor

question: In what year was the "Knowledge corridor high speed intercity passenger rail" slated for construction? 

answer: 2013

question: What is the name of the train line that connects Connecticut and Massachusetts together? 

answer: Hartford Line

question: Where is the starting point of the terminus line in New Haven? 

answer: New Haven's Union Station

question: The purpose of the train line is to connect Connecticut and Massachusetts to what state north? 

answer: Vermont

question: When does the Knowledge Corridor line begins it's construction? 

answer: in 2013

question: Generally how fast are these trains? 

answer: 180 km/h
Title: New_Haven,_Connecticut
Context: New Haven's best-known geographic features are its large deep harbor, and two reddish basalt trap rock ridges which rise to the northeast and northwest of the city core. These trap rocks are known respectively as East Rock and West Rock, and both serve as extensive parks. West Rock has been tunneled through to make way for the east-west passage of the Wilbur Cross Parkway (the only highway tunnel through a natural obstacle in Connecticut), and once served as the hideout of the "Regicides" (see: Regicides Trail). Most New Haveners refer to these men as "The Three Judges". East Rock features the prominent Soldiers and Sailors war monument on its peak as well as the "Great/Giant Steps" which run up the rock's cliffside.

question: In addition to the New Haven Harbor, what additional natural element is a prominent geographic feature of the area, flanking the northeast and northwest boundaries? 

answer: basalt trap rock ridges

question: Which trap rock ridge was altered to accommodate the east-west portion of the Wilbur Park Crossway? 

answer: West Rock

question: What was the name of the group that once utilized West Rock as a hideout, known colloquially as "The Three Judges?" 

answer: "Regicides"

question: What is the name of the war monument located at the peak of East Rock? 

answer: Soldiers and Sailors

question: What is the name for the popular feature that ascends the cliffside of East Rock? 

answer: "Great/Giant Steps"

question: What is New Haven best known for in terms of the main landmark and structure? 

answer: large deep harbor

question: In terms of economy and geographic landscape what is the used for the two trop rocks ridges north nearby the city? 

answer: as extensive parks

question: The West Rock is also used for what sort of infrastructure? 

answer: highway tunnel

question: What does the Eastern Rocks offer as a park on the other hand? 

answer: war monument
Title: New_Haven,_Connecticut
Context: The city is drained by three rivers; the West, Mill, and Quinnipiac, named in order from west to east. The West River discharges into West Haven Harbor, while the Mill and Quinnipiac rivers discharge into New Haven Harbor. Both harbors are embayments of Long Island Sound. In addition, several smaller streams flow through the city's neighborhoods, including Wintergreen Brook, the Beaver Ponds Outlet, Wilmot Brook, Belden Brook, and Prospect Creek. Not all of these small streams have continuous flow year-round.

question: By how many rivers is the city of New Haven drained? 

answer: three

question: Which New Haven river releases into West Haven Harbor? 

answer: West River

question: Into what local body of water do the Mill and Quinnipiac rivers discharge?  

answer: New Haven Harbor

question: Into what larger waterway do the West Haven Harbor and New Haven Harbor recess as embayments? 

answer: Long Island Sound

question: What is the name of the western river in the city of New Haven? 

answer: the West

question: The eastern river bears the name of the Native American Tribes that once live in New Haven, what is the name? 

answer: Quinnipiac

question: The two eastern rivers meets in which of New Haven Harbor? 

answer: New Haven Harbor

question: These two harbors are part of what estuary? 

answer: Long Island Sound.

question: Are all of New Haven's smaller stream active through all four seasons? 

answer: Not all of these small streams
Title: New_Haven,_Connecticut
Context: New Haven lies in the transition between a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfa) and humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), but having more characteristics of the former, as is typical of much of the New York metropolitan area. Summers are humid and warm, with temperatures exceeding 90 °F (32 °C) on 7–8 days per year. Winters are cold with moderate snowfall interspersed with rainfall and occasionally mixed precipitation. The weather patterns that affect New Haven result from a primarily offshore direction, thus reducing the marine influence of Long Island Sound—although, like other marine areas, differences in temperature between areas right along the coastline and areas a mile or two inland can be large at times.

question: Though harboring transitive properties, what Koppen climate classification does the New Haven climate more closely characterize? 

answer: Dfa

question: What season is typically characterized as humid and warm in New Haven? 

answer: Summers

question: What baseline temperature threshold do temperatures normally exceed throughout the summer in New Haven? 

answer: 90 °F (32 °C)

question: How heavy is the snowfall typically throughout the winter in New Haven? 

answer: moderate

question: New Haven's climate is largely analogous to what major adjoining metropolitan area? 

answer: New York

question: The New Haven's area closesly resemble which type of climate? 

answer: humid continental climate

question: Does summertime gets weather hotter than 90 degrees? 

answer: 7–8 days per year

question: Due to being a coastal city, how much snow does the city gets? 

answer: moderate snowfall

question: What is the main effects  in New Haven's weather due to being a coastal city? 

answer: differences in temperature between areas