praj-17/QA-MCQ-Open-ended huggingface dataset:
Title: Steven_Spielberg
Context: In 2002, Spielberg was one of eight flagbearers who carried the Olympic Flag into Rice-Eccles Stadium at the Opening Ceremonies of the 2002 Winter Olympic Games in Salt Lake City. In 2006, Premiere listed him as the most powerful and influential figure in the motion picture industry. Time listed him as one of the 100 Most Important People of the Century. At the end of the 20th century, Life named him the most influential person of his generation. In 2009, Boston University presented him an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree.

question: In which Olympics was Spielberg a flagbearer? 

answer: 2002 Winter Olympic Games

question: Where was Spielberg an Olympic flagbearer? 

answer: Salt Lake City

question: How did Time Magazine recognize Spielberg? 

answer: one of the 100 Most Important People of the Century

question: What honorary degree did Spielberg receive from Boston University? 

answer: Doctor of Humane Letters

question: How did Life Magazine recognize Spielberg? 

answer: the most influential person of his generation
Title: Steven_Spielberg
Context: According to Forbes' Most Influential Celebrities 2014 list, Spielberg was listed as the most influential celebrity in America. The annual list is conducted by E-Poll Market Research and it gave more than 6,600 celebrities on 46 different personality attributes a score representing "how that person is perceived as influencing the public, their peers, or both." Spielberg received a score of 47, meaning 47% of the US believes he is influential. Gerry Philpott, president of E-Poll Market Research, supported Spielberg's score by stating, "If anyone doubts that Steven Spielberg has greatly influenced the public, think about how many will think for a second before going into the water this summer."

question: When was Spielberg named the 'most influential celebrity in America'? 

answer: 2014

question: How much of the US believes Spielberg is influential? 

answer: 47%

question: Who is Gerry Philpott? 

answer: president of E-Poll Market Research

question: How did Spielberg influence the public's behavior? 

answer: many will think for a second before going into the water this summer
Title: Steven_Spielberg
Context: A collector of film memorabilia, Spielberg purchased a balsa Rosebud sled from Citizen Kane (1941) in 1982. He bought Orson Welles's own directorial copy of the script for the radio broadcast The War of the Worlds (1938) in 1994. Spielberg has purchased Academy Award statuettes being sold on the open market and donated them to the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, to prevent their further commercial exploitation. His donations include the Oscars that Bette Davis received for Dangerous (1935) and Jezebel (1938), and Clark Gable's Oscar for It Happened One Night (1934).

question: When was Citizen Kane released? 

answer: 1941

question: When was 'The War of the Worlds' radio broadcast? 

answer: 1938

question: When did Spielberg buy a sled from Citizen Kane? 

answer: 1982

question: When did Spielberg buy Orson Welles' personal script copy from 'The War of the Worlds'? 

answer: 1994

question: What does Spielberg do with Academy Awards he buys? 

answer: donated them to the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, to prevent their further commercial exploitation
Title: Steven_Spielberg
Context: Since playing Pong while filming Jaws in 1974, Spielberg has been an avid video gamer. Spielberg played many of LucasArts adventure games, including the first Monkey Island games. He owns a Wii, a PlayStation 3, a PSP, and Xbox 360, and enjoys playing first-person shooters such as the Medal of Honor series and Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare. He has also criticized the use of cut scenes in games, calling them intrusive, and feels making story flow naturally into the gameplay is a challenge for future game developers.

question: What was the first video game Spielberg played? 

answer: Pong

question: When did Spielberg first play a video game? 

answer: 1974

question: What movie was Spielberg working on when he first played Pong? 

answer: Jaws

question: What game consoles does Spielberg own? 

answer: a Wii, a PlayStation 3, a PSP, and Xbox 360

question: How does Spielberg feel about cutscenes in games? 

answer: intrusive
Title: Steven_Spielberg
Context: Drawing from his own experiences in Scouting, Spielberg helped the Boy Scouts of America develop a merit badge in cinematography in order to help promote filmmaking as a marketable skill. The badge was launched at the 1989 National Scout Jamboree, which Spielberg attended, and where he personally counseled many boys in their work on requirements. That same year, 1989, saw the release of Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. The opening scene shows a teenage Indiana Jones in scout uniform bearing the rank of a Life Scout. Spielberg stated he made Indiana Jones a Boy Scout in honor of his experience in Scouting. For his career accomplishments, service to others, and dedication to a new merit badge Spielberg was awarded the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award.

question: What Boy Scout merit badge did Spielberg help develop? 

answer: cinematography

question: Which Spielberg movie showed its main character was a Boy Scout? 

answer: Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade

question: What was Indy's rank in Boy Scouts when shown in a movie? 

answer: Life Scout

question: Which major Spielberg movie character was a Boy Scout? 

answer: Indiana Jones

question: When was Spielberg's merit badge launched? 

answer: 1989
Title: Steven_Spielberg
Context: In 2004 he was admitted as knight of the Légion d'honneur by president Jacques Chirac. On July 15, 2006, Spielberg was also awarded the Gold Hugo Lifetime Achievement Award at the Summer Gala of the Chicago International Film Festival, and also was awarded a Kennedy Center honour on December 3. The tribute to Spielberg featured a short, filmed biography narrated by Tom Hanks and included thank-yous from World War II veterans for Saving Private Ryan, as well as a performance of the finale to Leonard Bernstein's Candide, conducted by John Williams (Spielberg's frequent composer).[citation needed]

question: What award did Spielberg receive on Jul 15, 2006? 

answer: Gold Hugo Lifetime Achievement Award

question: Who made Spielberg a knight? 

answer: Jacques Chirac

question: Where was Spielberg honored on Dec 3, 2006? 

answer: Kennedy Center

question: Who narrated a short Spielberg bio at the Kennedy Center? 

answer: Tom Hanks
Title: Steven_Spielberg
Context: The Science Fiction Hall of Fame inducted Spielberg in 2005, the first year it considered non-literary contributors. In November 2007, he was chosen for a Lifetime Achievement Award to be presented at the sixth annual Visual Effects Society Awards in February 2009. He was set to be honored with the Cecil B. DeMille Award at the January 2008 Golden Globes; however, the new, watered-down format of the ceremony resulting from conflicts in the 2007–08 writers strike, the HFPA postponed his honor to the 2009 ceremony. In 2008, Spielberg was awarded the Légion d'honneur.

question: When was Spielberg added to the Science Fiction Hall of Fame? 

answer: 2005

question: When did the Visual Effects Society give Spielberg a Lifetime Achievement Award? 

answer: February 2009

question: When did Spielberg win the Cecil B. DeMille Award? 

answer: 2009

question: Why was Spielberg's Cecil B. DeMille Award postponed from 2008? 

answer: watered-down format of the ceremony resulting from conflicts in the 2007–08 writers strike
Title: Elevator
Context: Starting in the coal mines, by the mid-19th century elevators were operated with steam power and were used for moving goods in bulk in mines and factories. These steam driven devices were soon being applied to a diverse set of purposes - in 1823, two architects working in London, Burton and Hormer, built and operated a novel tourist attraction, which they called the "ascending room". It elevated paying customers to a considerable height in the center of London, allowing them a magnificent panoramic view of downtown.

question: For which industry were elevators first used? 

answer: coal mines

question: In the mid 1800s what were elevators fueled by? 

answer: steam power

question: What were elevators originally built for? 

answer: moving goods in bulk in mines and factories

question: Who built the "ascending room", in 1823? 

answer: Burton and Hormer

question: The "ascending room" gave customers a view of what city's downtown? 

answer: London
Title: Elevator
Context: The hydraulic crane was invented by Sir William Armstrong in 1846, primarily for use at the Tyneside docks for loading cargo. These quickly supplanted the earlier steam driven elevators: exploiting Pascal's law, they provided a much greater force. A water pump supplied a variable level of water pressure to a plunger encased inside a vertical cylinder, allowing the level of the platform (carrying a heavy load) to be raised and lowered. Counterweights and balances were also used to increase the lifting power of the apparatus.

question: Who invented the hydraulic crane in 1846? 

answer: Sir William Armstrong

question: Were was the hydraulic crane initially used? 

answer: Tyneside docks

question: In what manner did hydraulic cranes employ Pascal's law?  

answer: they provided a much greater force

question: The water pump supplied water pressure to a plunger located where? 

answer: encased inside a vertical cylinder

question: besides water pressure, what else was used to increase the lifting power? 

answer: Counterweights and balances
Title: Elevator
Context: In 1845, the Neapolitan architect Gaetano Genovese installed in the Royal Palace of Caserta the "Flying Chair", an elevator ahead of its time, covered with chestnut wood outside and with maple wood inside. It included a light, two benches and a hand operated signal, and could be activated from the outside, without any effort on the part of the occupants. Traction was controlled by a motor mechanic utilizing a system of toothed wheels. A safety system was designed to take effect if the cords broke. It consisted of a beam pushed outwards by a steel spring.

question: What Neapolitan architect created the "Flying Chair" elevator? 

answer: Gaetano Genovese

question: At what location was the "Flying Chair" installed in 1845? 

answer: Royal Palace of Caserta

question: What type of wood was used on the inside ? 

answer: maple

question: What controlled the traction? 

answer: a motor mechanic utilizing a system of toothed wheels

question: What did the safety system consist of? 

answer: a beam pushed outwards by a steel spring
Title: Elevator
Context: In 1852, Elisha Otis introduced the safety elevator, which prevented the fall of the cab if the cable broke. The design of the Otis safety elevator is somewhat similar to one type still used today. A governor device engages knurled roller(s), locking the elevator to its guides should the elevator descend at excessive speed. He demonstrated it at the New York exposition in the Crystal Palace in a dramatic, death-defying presentation in 1854, and the first such passenger elevator was installed at 488 Broadway in New York City on March 23, 1857.

question: Who created the safety elevator in 1852? 

answer: Elisha Otis

question: What feature did the safety elevator display?  

answer: prevented the fall of the cab if the cable broke

question: What did the govenor device engage to lock the elevator? 

answer: knurled roller(s)

question: At what location was it first presented? 

answer: New York exposition in the Crystal Palace

question: Where was the first safety elevator installed? 

answer: 488 Broadway in New York City
Title: Elevator
Context: The first elevator shaft preceded the first elevator by four years. Construction for Peter Cooper's Cooper Union Foundation building in New York began in 1853. An elevator shaft was included in the design, because Cooper was confident that a safe passenger elevator would soon be invented. The shaft was cylindrical because Cooper thought it was the most efficient design. Later, Otis designed a special elevator for the building. Today the Otis Elevator Company, now a subsidiary of United Technologies Corporation, is the world's largest manufacturer of vertical transport systems.

question: Which was built first, the first elevator shaft or the first elevator? 

answer: first elevator shaft

question: What year did constructrion begin for the Cooper Union Foundation? 

answer: 1853

question: What design did Peter Cooper feel was the most efficient? 

answer: cylindrical

question: The Otis Elevator Company is today a subsidiary of what major corporation? 

answer: United Technologies Corporation

question: What title does United Technologies Corporation hold? 

answer: world's largest manufacturer of vertical transport systems
Title: Elevator
Context: The first electric elevator was built by Werner von Siemens in 1880 in Germany. The inventor Anton Freissler developed the ideas of von Siemens and built up a successful enterprise in Austria-Hungary. The safety and speed of electric elevators were significantly enhanced by Frank Sprague who added floor control, automatic elevators, acceleration control of cars, and safeties. His elevator ran faster and with larger loads than hydraulic or steam elevators, and 584 electric elevators were installed before Sprague sold his company to the Otis Elevator Company in 1895. Sprague also developed the idea and technology for multiple elevators in a single shaft.

question: Who built the first electric elevator? 

answer: Werner von Siemens

question: The first electric elevator, built in 1880, was in what Country? 

answer: Germany

question: Who is credited with increasing the safety and speed of electric elevators? 

answer: Frank Sprague

question: Who ultilized von Siemens ideas to build a succesful business? 

answer: Anton Freissler

question: To whom did Frank Sprague sell his company to in 1895? 

answer: Otis Elevator Company
Title: Elevator
Context: Some people argue that elevators began as simple rope or chain hoists (see Traction elevators below). An elevator is essentially a platform that is either pulled or pushed up by a mechanical means. A modern-day elevator consists of a cab (also called a "cage", "carriage" or "car") mounted on a platform within an enclosed space called a shaft or sometimes a "hoistway". In the past, elevator drive mechanisms were powered by steam and water hydraulic pistons or by hand. In a "traction" elevator, cars are pulled up by means of rolling steel ropes over a deeply grooved pulley, commonly called a sheave in the industry. The weight of the car is balanced by a counterweight. Sometimes two elevators are built so that their cars always move synchronously in opposite directions, and are each other's counterweight.

question: What is another name for an elevator shaft? 

answer: hoistway

question: Elevator drive mechanisms have, in the past been, powered by what? 

answer: steam and water hydraulic pistons or by hand

question: What is the weight of the elevator cage balanced by?  

answer: a counterweight

question: How do elevators built in pairs work? 

answer: their cars always move synchronously in opposite directions,
Title: Elevator
Context: Elevator doors protect riders from falling into the shaft. The most common configuration is to have two panels that meet in the middle, and slide open laterally. In a cascading telescopic configuration (potentially allowing wider entryways within limited space), the doors roll on independent tracks so that while open, they are tucked behind one another, and while closed, they form cascading layers on one side. This can be configured so that two sets of such cascading doors operate like the center opening doors described above, allowing for a very wide elevator cab. In less expensive installations the elevator can also use one large "slab" door: a single panel door the width of the doorway that opens to the left or right laterally. Some buildings have elevators with the single door on the shaft way, and double cascading doors on the cab.

question: How do most elevator doors work? 

answer: have two panels that meet in the middle, and slide open laterally

question: What is a single panel door referred to as? 

answer: "slab" door

question: What design allows wider entryways within limited space? 

answer: a cascading telescopic configuration

question: The single door is sometimes located where? 

answer: on the shaft way

question: What do elevator doors protect riders from? 

answer: falling into the shaft
Title: Elevator
Context: Historically, AC motors were used for single or double speed elevator machines on the grounds of cost and lower usage applications where car speed and passenger comfort were less of an issue, but for higher speed, larger capacity elevators, the need for infinitely variable speed control over the traction machine becomes an issue. Therefore, DC machines powered by an AC/DC motor generator were the preferred solution. The MG set also typically powered the relay controller of the elevator, which has the added advantage of electrically isolating the elevators from the rest of a building's electrical system, thus eliminating the transient power spikes in the building's electrical supply caused by the motors starting and stopping (causing lighting to dim every time the elevators are used for example), as well as interference to other electrical equipment caused by the arcing of the relay contactors in the control system.

question: Throughout history, what type of engines were used for elevator machines? 

answer: AC motors

question: Why were AC motors used? 

answer: cost and lower usage applications where car speed and passenger comfort were less of an issue

question: What problem arises for fast and large capacity elevators? 

answer: the need for infinitely variable speed control over the traction machine

question: Generally, what powered the relay contoller? 

answer: MG set

question: What is a known advantage of the MG set? 

answer: electrically isolating the elevators from the rest of a building's electrical system
Title: Elevator
Context: Gearless traction machines are low-speed (low-RPM), high-torque electric motors powered either by AC or DC. In this case, the drive sheave is directly attached to the end of the motor. Gearless traction elevators can reach speeds of up to 20 m/s (4,000 ft/min), A brake is mounted between the motor and gearbox or between the motor and drive sheave or at the end of the drive sheave to hold the elevator stationary at a floor. This brake is usually an external drum type and is actuated by spring force and held open electrically; a power failure will cause the brake to engage and prevent the elevator from falling (see inherent safety and safety engineering). But it can also be some form of disc type like 1 or more calipers over a disc in one end of the motor shaft or drive sheave which is used in high speed, high rise and large capacity elevators with machine rooms(an exception is the Kone MonoSpace's EcoDisc which is not high speed, high rise and large capacity and is machine room less but it uses the same design as is a thinner version of a conventional gearless traction machine) for breaking power, compactness and redundancy(assuming there's at least 2 calipers on the disc), or 1 or more disc brakes with a single caliper at one end of the motor shaft or drive sheave which is used in machine room less elevators for compactness, breaking power, and redundancy(assuming there's 2 brakes or more).

question: In a gearless traction engine, what is the drive sheave attached to? 

answer: directly attached to the end of the motor

question: What speed is a gearless traction elevator capable of attaining? 

answer: 20 m/s (4,000 ft/min)

question: What motivates an external drum brake held open electrically? 

answer: spring force

question: One exception that is not high speed high rise and large capacity is what? 

answer: Kone MonoSpace's EcoDisc
Title: Elevator
Context: In each case, cables are attached to a hitch plate on top of the cab or may be "underslung" below a cab, and then looped over the drive sheave to a counterweight attached to the opposite end of the cables which reduces the amount of power needed to move the cab. The counterweight is located in the hoist-way and rides a separate railway system; as the car goes up, the counterweight goes down, and vice versa. This action is powered by the traction machine which is directed by the controller, typically a relay logic or computerized device that directs starting, acceleration, deceleration and stopping of the elevator cab. The weight of the counterweight is typically equal to the weight of the elevator cab plus 40-50% of the capacity of the elevator. The grooves in the drive sheave are specially designed to prevent the cables from slipping. "Traction" is provided to the ropes by the grip of the grooves in the sheave, thereby the name. As the ropes age and the traction grooves wear, some traction is lost and the ropes must be replaced and the sheave repaired or replaced. Sheave and rope wear may be significantly reduced by ensuring that all ropes have equal tension, thus sharing the load evenly. Rope tension equalization may be achieved using a rope tension gauge, and is a simple way to extend the lifetime of the sheaves and ropes.

question: What reduces the amount of force needed to propel the cab? 

answer: cables are attached to a hitch plate on top of the cab

question: Where will the counterweight be found? 

answer: in the hoist-way

question: What guides the traction machine? 

answer: the controller

question: The counterweight runs equal to the cab weight plus what percentage of the elevator capacity? 

answer: 40-50%

question: Maintaining that the ropes all have equal tension may reduce what? 

answer: Sheave and rope wear
Title: Elevator
Context: Elevators with more than 30 m (98 ft) of travel have a system called compensation. This is a separate set of cables or a chain attached to the bottom of the counterweight and the bottom of the elevator cab. This makes it easier to control the elevator, as it compensates for the differing weight of cable between the hoist and the cab. If the elevator cab is at the top of the hoist-way, there is a short length of hoist cable above the car and a long length of compensating cable below the car and vice versa for the counterweight. If the compensation system uses cables, there will be an additional sheave in the pit below the elevator, to guide the cables. If the compensation system uses chains, the chain is guided by a bar mounted between the counterweight railway lines.

question: "Compensation" is the name of the system used for what type of elevators? 

answer: Elevators with more than 30 m (98 ft) of travel

question: "Compensation" consists of what? 

answer: a separate set of cables or a chain attached to the bottom of the counterweight and the bottom of the elevator cab

question: What is the chain guided by in a compensation system that uses chains? 

answer: a bar mounted between the counterweight railway lines

question: What exactly does this system compensate for? 

answer: the differing weight of cable between the hoist and the cab