praj-17/QA-MCQ-Open-ended huggingface dataset:
Title: Dutch_language
Context: Like in English, Dutch has generalised the dative over the accusative case for all pronouns, e.g. Du me, je, Eng me, you, vs. Germ mich/mir dich/dir. There is one exception: the standard language prescribes that in the third person plural, hen is to be used for the direct object, and hun for the indirect object. This distinction was artificially introduced in the 17th century by grammarians, and is largely ignored in spoken language and not well understood by Dutch speakers. Consequently, the third person plural forms hun and hen are interchangeable in normal usage, with hun being more common. The shared unstressed form ze is also often used as both direct and indirect objects and is a useful avoidance strategy when people are unsure which form to use.

question: What language besides Dutch uses the dative case instead of the accusative for pronouns? 

answer: English

question: In the lone exception to the dative case, which pronoun is prescribed for the third person plural direct object? 

answer: hen

question: When did the grammarians first draw the line between third person plural pronouns for Dutch? 

answer: 17th century

question: Since most Dutch speakers don't bother with the hen/hun rule, which of the two most often gets used? 

answer: hun

question: When speakers get confused about whether to use hen or hun, what interchangeable unstressed form would they probably use? 

answer: ze
Title: Dutch_language
Context: Like most Germanic languages, Dutch forms noun compounds, where the first noun modifies the category given by the second (hondenhok = doghouse). Unlike English, where newer compounds or combinations of longer nouns are often written in open form with separating spaces, Dutch (like the other Germanic languages) either uses the closed form without spaces (boomhuis = tree house) or inserts a hyphen (VVD-coryfee = outstanding member of the VVD, a political party). Like German, Dutch allows arbitrarily long compounds, but the longer they get, the less frequent they tend to be.

question: How would a Dutch speaker say "doghouse"? 

answer: hondenhok

question: Is Dutch like or unlike English in its treatment of compound nouns? 

answer: Unlike

question: "Tree house," which is two words in English, would be what single word in Dutch? 

answer: boomhuis

question: What language is like Dutch in allowing compounds to be any length? 

answer: German

question: In English, what usually separates newer compound nouns written in open form? 

answer: spaces
Title: Dutch_language
Context: Dutch vocabulary is predominantly Germanic in origin, with an additional share of loanwords of 20%. The main foreign influence on Dutch vocabulary since the 12th century and culminating in the French period has been French and (northern) French, accounting for an estimated 6.8%, or more than a third of all loanwords. Latin, that has been spoken for centuries in the south of the Low Countries, and has since then for centuries plaid a major role as the language of science and religion, follows with 6.1%. High German and Low German, influential until the mid of the 19th century, account for 2.7%, but are mostly unrecognizable since many German loanwords have been "Dutchified", e.g. German "Fremdling" become Dutch "vreemdeling". From English, Dutch has taken over words since the middle of the 19th century, as a consequence of the gaining power of Britain and the United States. The share of English loanwords is about 1.5%, but this number is still on the increase. Conversely, Dutch contributed many loanwords to English, accounting for 1.3%.

question: What percentage of loanwords are present in Dutch vocabulary? 

answer: 20%

question: What language has exerted the most influence on Dutch vocabulary since the 12th century? 

answer: French

question: What language does Dutch get its second highest percentage of loanwords from? 

answer: Latin

question: Together, what percentage of Dutch loanwords comes from High and Low German? 

answer: 2.7%

question: In the loanword sharing between Dutch and English, which language got the higher percentage of loanwords? 

answer: Dutch
Title: Dutch_language
Context: Dutch is written using the Latin script. Dutch uses one additional character beyond the standard alphabet, the digraph IJ. It has a relatively high proportion of doubled letters, both vowels and consonants, due to the formation of compound words and also to the spelling devices for distinguishing the many vowel sounds in the Dutch language. An example of five consecutive doubled letters is the word voorraaddoos (food storage container). The diaeresis (Dutch: trema) is used to mark vowels that are pronounced separately when involving a pre- or suffix. Whereas a hyphen is used when this problem occurs in compound words. For example; "beïnvloed" (influenced), but zee-eend (sea duck). Generally, other diacritical marks only occur in loanwords, though the acute accent can also be used for emphasis or to differentiate between two forms. Its most common use is to differentiate between the indefinite article 'een' (a, an) and the numeral 'één' (one).

question: How many extra characters does Dutch have in addition to the standard alphabet? 

answer: one

question: What's the name for the additional character Dutch uses? 

answer: digraph

question: Because Dutch has many vowel sounds and compound words, what occurs frequently in Dutch spelling? 

answer: doubled letters

question: What is an example of a Dutch word that has double vowels or consonants five times in a row? 

answer: voorraaddoos

question: What's the name for the type of accent that Dutch used to mark the difference between the word for "a" or "an" and the word for "one"? 

answer: acute accent
Title: Buckingham_Palace
Context: Originally known as Buckingham House, the building at the core of today's palace was a large townhouse built for the Duke of Buckingham in 1703 on a site that had been in private ownership for at least 150 years. It was acquired by King George III in 1761 as a private residence for Queen Charlotte and became known as "The Queen's House". During the 19th century it was enlarged, principally by architects John Nash and Edward Blore, who constructed three wings around a central courtyard. Buckingham Palace became the London residence of the British monarch on the accession of Queen Victoria in 1837.

question: What was Buckingham Palace orginally known as? 

answer: Buckingham House

question: Who was Buckingham Palace was originally built for? 

answer: Duke of Buckingham

question: Which king acquired the Buckingham House in 1761? 

answer: King George III

question: What was Buckingham House known as when Queen Charlotte resided there? 

answer: "The Queen's House"

question: Which two architects were commissioned to enlarge Buckingham in the 19th century? 

answer: John Nash and Edward Blore

question: For whom was Buckingham house originally built? 

answer: Duke of Buckingham

question: Who bought Buckingham House in 1761? 

answer: King George III

question: Who enlarged the house in the 19th century? 

answer: John Nash and Edward Blore

question: When did the palace become the London residence for the monarchs? 

answer: 1837
Title: Buckingham_Palace
Context: The original early 19th-century interior designs, many of which survive, include widespread use of brightly coloured scagliola and blue and pink lapis, on the advice of Sir Charles Long. King Edward VII oversaw a partial redecoration in a Belle Époque cream and gold colour scheme. Many smaller reception rooms are furnished in the Chinese regency style with furniture and fittings brought from the Royal Pavilion at Brighton and from Carlton House. The palace has 775 rooms, and the garden is the largest private garden in London. The state rooms, used for official and state entertaining, are open to the public each year for most of August and September, and on selected days in winter and spring.

question: What colors were added in the partial redecoration overseen by King Edward VII? 

answer: Belle Époque cream and gold

question: What original colors from the 19th century were used on the advice of Sir Charles Long? 

answer: brightly coloured scagliola and blue and pink lapis

question: How many rooms does the palace have? 

answer: 775 rooms

question: In which style are many of the smaller reception rooms furnished in? 

answer: Chinese regency style

question: What house were many of the furniture and fittings brought from? 

answer: Carlton House

question: Who suggested the use of brightly coloured scagliola and blue and pink lapis? 

answer: Sir Charles Long

question: Who oversaw the redecoration that used a Belle Époque cream and gold colour scheme? 

answer: King Edward VII

question: Smaller reception rooms are decorated in which style? 

answer: Chinese regency style

question: Furniture and fittings were brought over from which house? 

answer: Carlton House
Title: Buckingham_Palace
Context: In the Middle Ages, the site of the future palace formed part of the Manor of Ebury (also called Eia). The marshy ground was watered by the river Tyburn, which still flows below the courtyard and south wing of the palace. Where the river was fordable (at Cow Ford), the village of Eye Cross grew. Ownership of the site changed hands many times; owners included Edward the Confessor and his queen consort Edith of Wessex in late Saxon times, and, after the Norman Conquest, William the Conqueror. William gave the site to Geoffrey de Mandeville, who bequeathed it to the monks of Westminster Abbey.

question: Which river runs underneath the palace? 

answer: river Tyburn

question: The site of the palace was once owned by which queen consort in the late Saxon times? 

answer: Edith of Wessex

question: Who did William the Conqueror give the site of the palace to? 

answer: Geoffrey de Mandeville

question: The site was passed to monks from which abbey? 

answer: Westminster Abbey

question: The site of the palace formed part of which Manor in the Middles ages? 

answer: Manor of Ebury

question: What was the name of the village that grew at Cow Ford? 

answer: Eye Cross

question: Who gave the site to the monks of Westminster? 

answer: Geoffrey de Mandeville

question: What was the name of the manor that previously existed on the site? 

answer: Manor of Ebury
Title: Buckingham_Palace
Context: Various owners leased it from royal landlords and the freehold was the subject of frenzied speculation during the 17th century. By then, the old village of Eye Cross had long since fallen into decay, and the area was mostly wasteland. Needing money, James I sold off part of the Crown freehold but retained part of the site on which he established a 4-acre (16,000 m2) mulberry garden for the production of silk. (This is at the northwest corner of today's palace.) Clement Walker in Anarchia Anglicana (1649) refers to "new-erected sodoms and spintries at the Mulberry Garden at S. James's"; this suggests it may have been a place of debauchery. Eventually, in the late 17th century, the freehold was inherited from the property tycoon Sir Hugh Audley by the great heiress Mary Davies.

question: Which property tycoon inherited the property in the late 17th century? 

answer: Sir Hugh Audley

question: Which village had fallen into decay? 

answer: Eye Cross

question: Who established a mulberry garden on the property? 

answer: James I

question: What product did the mulberry garden produce? 

answer: silk

question: Who suggests that the mulberry garden is likely a place for debauchery? 

answer: Clement Walker

question: What about the palace was subject to speculation in the 17th century? 

answer: the freehold

question: Which village had fallen into decay but the 17th century? 

answer: Eye Cross

question: Who sold off part of the Crown Freehold? 

answer: James I

question: What type of garden did James I create? 

answer: mulberry

question: What did the mulberry garden produce? 

answer: silk.
Title: Buckingham_Palace
Context: Possibly the first house erected within the site was that of a Sir William Blake, around 1624. The next owner was Lord Goring, who from 1633 extended Blake's house and developed much of today's garden, then known as Goring Great Garden. He did not, however, obtain the freehold interest in the mulberry garden. Unbeknown to Goring, in 1640 the document "failed to pass the Great Seal before King Charles I fled London, which it needed to do for legal execution". It was this critical omission that helped the British royal family regain the freehold under King George III.

question: Who built the first house on the site? 

answer: Sir William Blake

question: Which owner developed much of the garden still seen today? 

answer: Lord Goring

question: What was Lord Goring's garden known as? 

answer: Goring Great Garden

question: Under which king did the Royal Family regain the freehold title of the property?  

answer: King George III

question: Which king failed to execute Goring's freehold document before fleeing to London? 

answer: King Charles I

question: Who owned the first house built on the site? 

answer: Sir William Blake

question: Who developed what is much of today's garden at Buckingham? 

answer: Lord Goring

question: What was the name of Lord Goring Garden? 

answer: Goring Great Garden

question: Which king fled to London leaving allowing the Royal family to keep it's freehold on the property? 

answer: King Charles I
Title: Buckingham_Palace
Context: The house which forms the architectural core of the palace was built for the first Duke of Buckingham and Normanby in 1703 to the design of William Winde. The style chosen was of a large, three-floored central block with two smaller flanking service wings. Buckingham House was eventually sold by Buckingham's descendant, Sir Charles Sheffield, in 1761 to George III for £21,000. Sheffield's leasehold on the mulberry garden site, the freehold of which was still owned by the royal family, was due to expire in 1774.

question: In what year did William Winde design the house which forms the core of the palace? 

answer: 1703

question: Who sold Buckingham house in 1761? 

answer: Sir Charles Sheffield

question: How much did George III pay for the house? 

answer: £21,000

question: In what year was the leasehold of the Mulberry site due to expire? 

answer: 1774

question: How many flanking service wings did the original Buckingham House have? 

answer: two

question: The house which is the core of Buckingham was first built for who? 

answer: Duke of Buckingham and Normanby

question: Who designed the house for the Duke of Buckingham? 

answer: William Winde

question: How many flanking service wings did Buckingham House have? 

answer: two

question: Who bought Buckingham House in 1761? 

answer: George III

question: How much did George III pay for Buckingham House?  

answer: £21,000
Title: Buckingham_Palace
Context: Remodelling of the structure began in 1762. After his accession to the throne in 1820, King George IV continued the renovation with the idea in mind of a small, comfortable home. While the work was in progress, in 1826, the King decided to modify the house into a palace with the help of his architect John Nash. Some furnishings were transferred from Carlton House, and others had been bought in France after the French Revolution. The external façade was designed keeping in mind the French neo-classical influence preferred by George IV. The cost of the renovations grew dramatically, and by 1829 the extravagance of Nash's designs resulted in his removal as architect. On the death of George IV in 1830, his younger brother King William IV hired Edward Blore to finish the work. At one stage, William considered converting the palace into the new Houses of Parliament, after the destruction of the Palace of Westminster by fire in 1834.

question: What did King George IV originally want the structure to be? 

answer: a small, comfortable home

question: King William thought about converting the palace into what after a fire destroyed the Palace of Westminster in 1834? 

answer: new Houses of Parliament

question: Which architect helped modify the house into a palace? 

answer: John Nash

question: In what year was Nash removed as architect? 

answer: 1829

question: Who was hired in 1830 to finish the work on the palace? 

answer: Edward Blore

question: What year did remodeling of Buckingham House begin? 

answer: 1762

question: What was George IV's original plan for the house?  

answer: a small, comfortable home

question: What year did the king decide to make it into a palace? 

answer: 1826

question: Who was the main architect that transformed the house into the palace? 

answer: John Nash

question: Who did King William IV hired to finish the work after Nash was fired? 

answer: Edward Blore
Title: Buckingham_Palace
Context: Buckingham Palace finally became the principal royal residence in 1837, on the accession of Queen Victoria, who was the first monarch to reside there; her predecessor William IV had died before its completion. While the state rooms were a riot of gilt and colour, the necessities of the new palace were somewhat less luxurious. For one thing, it was reported the chimneys smoked so much that the fires had to be allowed to die down, and consequently the court shivered in icy magnificence. Ventilation was so bad that the interior smelled, and when a decision was taken to install gas lamps, there was a serious worry about the build-up of gas on the lower floors. It was also said that staff were lax and lazy and the palace was dirty. Following the queen's marriage in 1840, her husband, Prince Albert, concerned himself with a reorganisation of the household offices and staff, and with the design faults of the palace. The problems were all rectified by the close of 1840. However, the builders were to return within the decade.

question: Who was the first monarch to reside at Buckingham Palace? 

answer: Queen Victoria

question: Who died before the palace was completed? 

answer: William IV

question: Buckingham became a principle residence for the Royal Family in which year? 

answer: 1837

question: What was the problem with chimneys in the palace? 

answer: the chimneys smoked

question: At the end of which year were most of the design problems of the palace rectified under Prince Albert? 

answer: 1840

question: When did Buckingham officially become the principle royal residence? 

answer: 1837

question: Who was the first monarch to reside there? 

answer: Queen Victoria

question: Who died before seeing Buckingham Palace's completion? 

answer: William IV

question: What was the problem with the palace's chimneys? 

answer: the chimneys smoked

question: Who dealt with the design faults of the palace? 

answer: Prince Albert
Title: Buckingham_Palace
Context: By 1847, the couple had found the palace too small for court life and their growing family, and consequently the new wing, designed by Edward Blore, was built by Thomas Cubitt, enclosing the central quadrangle. The large East Front, facing The Mall, is today the "public face" of Buckingham Palace, and contains the balcony from which the royal family acknowledge the crowds on momentous occasions and after the annual Trooping the Colour. The ballroom wing and a further suite of state rooms were also built in this period, designed by Nash's student Sir James Pennethorne.

question: Who designed the new wing for the palace in 1847? 

answer: Edward Blore

question: The new wing was built by whom? 

answer: Thomas Cubitt

question: What is the East front of the palace known as? 

answer: "public face" of Buckingham Palace

question: The East Front contains what famous feature? 

answer: the balcony

question: Who was the student of Nash that designed the ballroom wing? 

answer: Sir James Pennethorne.

question: Who designed a new wing for Queen Victoria and Prince Albert when they felt they needed more space? 

answer: Edward Blore

question: Who built the new wing? 

answer: Thomas Cubitt

question: What is considered the public face of the palace? 

answer: The large East Front

question: What other wing was built during this time? 

answer: The ballroom wing

question: Which of Nash's students designed The Ballroom? 

answer: Sir James Pennethorne
Title: Buckingham_Palace
Context: Before Prince Albert's death, the palace was frequently the scene of musical entertainments, and the greatest contemporary musicians entertained at Buckingham Palace. The composer Felix Mendelssohn is known to have played there on three occasions. Johann Strauss II and his orchestra played there when in England. Strauss's "Alice Polka" was first performed at the palace in 1849 in honour of the queen's daughter, Princess Alice. Under Victoria, Buckingham Palace was frequently the scene of lavish costume balls, in addition to the usual royal ceremonies, investitures and presentations.

question: The palace frequently hosted which type of events prior to the death of Prince Albert? 

answer: musical entertainments

question: Which composer played at Buckingham on three occasions? 

answer: Felix Mendelssohn

question: Which piece of music by Johann Strauss was first performed at Buckingham in honor of Princess Alice? 

answer: Alice Polka

question: Queen Victoria hosted which type of balls? 

answer: lavish costume balls

question: Before Prince Albert died what sort of entertainment was held at Buckingham? 

answer: musical entertainments

question: Which composer played there on three occasions? 

answer: Felix Mendelssohn

question: Who performed Alice Polka in honor of Princess Alice? 

answer: Johann Strauss II

question: What type of balls did Queen Victoria hold? 

answer: lavish costume balls
Title: Buckingham_Palace
Context: Widowed in 1861, the grief-stricken Queen withdrew from public life and left Buckingham Palace to live at Windsor Castle, Balmoral Castle and Osborne House. For many years the palace was seldom used, even neglected. In 1864, a note was found pinned to the fence of Buckingham Palace, saying: "These commanding premises to be let or sold, in consequence of the late occupant's declining business." Eventually, public opinion forced the Queen to return to London, though even then she preferred to live elsewhere whenever possible. Court functions were still held at Windsor Castle, presided over by the sombre Queen habitually dressed in mourning black, while Buckingham Palace remained shuttered for most of the year.

question: When year did Prince Albert die? 

answer: 1861

question: What forced the Queen to return to London? 

answer: public opinion

question: What was the fate of Buckingham after the left? 

answer: the palace was seldom used, even neglected.

question: Where were court functions held upon the Queens return to London? 

answer: Windsor Castle

question: When did Prince Albert die? 

answer: 1861

question: What did Queen Victoria do in response to his death? 

answer: left Buckingham Palace

question: Which house did Queen Victoria stay at after she left Buckingham? 

answer: Osborne House

question: What happened to Buckingham after Queen Victoria left? 

answer: palace was seldom used, even neglected

question: Where did Queen Victoria hold court functions during this time? 

answer: Windsor Castle