praj-17/QA-MCQ-Open-ended huggingface dataset:
Title: Greece
Context: By the end of the month, the Peloponnese was in open revolt against the Ottomans and by October 1821 the Greeks under Theodoros Kolokotronis had captured Tripolitsa. The Peloponnesian revolt was quickly followed by revolts in Crete, Macedonia and Central Greece, which would soon be suppressed. Meanwhile, the makeshift Greek navy was achieving success against the Ottoman navy in the Aegean Sea and prevented Ottoman reinforcements from arriving by sea. In 1822 and 1824 the Turks and Egyptians ravaged the islands, including Chios and Psara, committing wholesale massacres of the population. This had the effect of galvanizing public opinion in western Europe in favor of the Greek rebels.[page needed]

question: In what year did the Greeks take Tripolitsa? 

answer: 1821

question: Who was the leader of the Greek revolt in 1821? 

answer: Theodoros Kolokotronis

question: The Greek and Ottoman Navy fought in which waters? 

answer: Aegean Sea

question: Turks and Egyptians attacked Greek island in what years? 

answer: 1822 and 1824
Title: Greece
Context: Tensions soon developed among different Greek factions, leading to two consecutive civil wars. Meanwhile, the Ottoman Sultan negotiated with Mehmet Ali of Egypt, who agreed to send his son Ibrahim Pasha to Greece with an army to suppress the revolt in return for territorial gain. Ibrahim landed in the Peloponnese in February 1825 and had immediate success: by the end of 1825, most of the Peloponnese was under Egyptian control, and the city of Missolonghi—put under siege by the Turks since April 1825—fell in April 1826. Although Ibrahim was defeated in Mani, he had succeeded in suppressing most of the revolt in the Peloponnese and Athens had been retaken.

question: How many successive civil wars occurred between Greek clans? 

answer: two

question: Who did Egypt send to Greece with an Army? 

answer: Ibrahim Pasha

question: Ibrahim Pasha landed with his army when? 

answer: February 1825

question: In what year did Missolonghi fall to the Egyptians? 

answer: 1826

question: Ibrahim Pasha finally faced defeat where? 

answer: Mani
Title: Greece
Context: After years of negotiation, three Great Powers, Russia, the United Kingdom and France, decided to intervene in the conflict and each nation sent a navy to Greece. Following news that combined Ottoman–Egyptian fleets were going to attack the Greek island of Hydra, the allied fleet intercepted the Ottoman–Egyptian fleet at Navarino. After a week-long standoff, a battle began which resulted in the destruction of the Ottoman–Egyptian fleet. A French expeditionary force was dispatched to supervise the evacuation of the Egyptian army from the Peloponnese, while the Greeks proceeded to the captured part of Central Greece by 1828. As a result of years of negotiation, the nascent Greek state was finally recognized under the London Protocol in 1830.

question: What three countries sent their Navy to Greece? 

answer: Russia, the United Kingdom and France

question: Which navy won the battle of Hydra? 

answer: the allied fleet

question: Which navy's ships intended to attack Hydra? 

answer: Ottoman–Egyptian

question: The recognition of a Greek state happened in what year? 

answer: 1830

question: What was the agreement that recognized Greece as a state called? 

answer: London Protocol
Title: Greece
Context: Corruption and Trikoupis' increased spending to create necessary infrastructure like the Corinth Canal overtaxed the weak Greek economy, forcing the declaration of public insolvency in 1893 and to accept the imposition of an International Financial Control authority to pay off the country's debtors. Another political issue in 19th-century Greece was uniquely Greek: the language question. The Greek people spoke a form of Greek called Demotic. Many of the educated elite saw this as a peasant dialect and were determined to restore the glories of Ancient Greek.

question: In 1893 Greece announced what? 

answer: public insolvency

question: To pay off the people they owed, Greece had to accept what? 

answer: International Financial Control authority

question: The people of Greece that had higher education saw what dialect as beneath them? 

answer: Demotic

question: A hot topic in Greece in the 19th century was what? 

answer: language
Title: Greece
Context: All Greeks were united, however, in their determination to liberate the Greek-speaking provinces of the Ottoman Empire, regardless of the dialect they spoke. Especially in Crete, a prolonged revolt in 1866–1869 had raised nationalist fervour. When war broke out between Russia and the Ottomans in 1877, Greek popular sentiment rallied to Russia's side, but Greece was too poor, and too concerned of British intervention, to officially enter the war. Nevertheless, in 1881, Thessaly and small parts of Epirus were ceded to Greece as part of the Treaty of Berlin, while frustrating Greek hopes of receiving Crete.

question: War between Russia and the Ottomans began in what year? 

answer: 1877

question: A revolt lasted for 3 years on which Greek island? 

answer: Crete

question: In what year did the Treaty of Berlin occur? 

answer: 1881
Title: Greece
Context: At the end of the Balkan Wars, the extent of Greece's territory and population had increased. In the following years, the struggle between King Constantine I and charismatic Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos over the country's foreign policy on the eve of World War I dominated the country's political scene, and divided the country into two opposing groups. During parts of the First World War, Greece had two governments; a royalist pro-German government in Athens and a Venizelist pro-Britain one in Thessaloniki. The two governments were united in 1917, when Greece officially entered the war on the side of the Triple Entente.

question: What divided Greece into two political groups? 

answer: the country's foreign policy

question: How many governments did Greece have in World War 1? 

answer: two

question: When Greece entered World War I, on whose side did they fight? 

answer: the Triple Entente

question: Greece's multiple governments came together in what year? 

answer: 1917
Title: Greece
Context: In the aftermath of the First World War, Greece attempted further expansion into Asia Minor, a region with a large native Greek population at the time, but was defeated in the Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922, contributing to a massive flight of Asia Minor Greeks. These events overlapped, with both happening during the Greek genocide (1914-1922), a period during which, according to various sources, Ottoman and Turkish officials contributed to the death of several hundred thousand Asia Minor Greeks. The resultant Greek exodus from Asia Minor was made permanent, and expanded, in an official Population exchange between Greece and Turkey. The exchange was part of the terms of the Treaty of Lausanne which ended the war.

question: What years did the Greco-Turkish war take place? 

answer: 1919–1922

question: After World War I, Greece wanted to expand into what area? 

answer: Asia Minor

question: An exchange of people between Greece and Turkey took place under what agreement? 

answer: Treaty of Lausanne

question: In what time period did the genocide of Greeks take place? 

answer: 1914-1922

question: Who caused the deaths of thousands of Greeks? 

answer: Ottoman and Turkish officials
Title: Greece
Context: The following era was marked by instability, as over 1.5 million propertyless Greek refugees from Turkey had to be integrated into Greek society. Because the term "Greeks" in the exchange was based on religion Cappadocian Greeks, Pontian Greeks, and non Greek followers of Greek Orthodoxy were all subject to the exchange as well. Many of these refugees couldn't even speak the language, and were from alien environments, such as the case of the non Greeks and Cappadocians. The refugees also made a dramatic post war population boost, as the amount of refugees was more than a quarter of Greece's prior population. The task was undertaken by settling the Pontians and Cappadocians in the Macedonian mountains, where they would adapt better, and settling the Demotic speakers and non Greeks in the Greek Isles and cities, where they were already adapted to.

question: How many Greek refugees came from Turkey? 

answer: 1.5 million

question: Pontian and Cappadocian refugees were relocated to where? 

answer: Macedonian mountains

question: Demotic speaking Greek refugees were placed where? 

answer: Greek Isles and cities
Title: Greece
Context: Following the catastrophic events in Asia Minor, the monarchy was abolished via a referendum in 1924 and the Second Hellenic Republic was declared. Premier Georgios Kondylis took power in 1935 and effectively abolished the republic by bringing back the monarchy via a referendum in 1935. A coup d'état followed in 1936 and installed Ioannis Metaxas as the head of a dictatorial regime known as the 4th of August Regime. Although a dictatorship, Greece remained on good terms with Britain and was not allied with the Axis.

question: The Greek monarchy was reestablished by who? 

answer: Premier Georgios Kondylis

question: In 1924, what was established? 

answer: Second Hellenic Republic

question: Who became the Greek leader in 1935? 

answer: Premier Georgios Kondylis

question: In what year did a coup take place and new dictatorship form? 

answer: 1936

question: The Greek Monarchy was abolished when? 

answer: 1924
Title: Greece
Context: Greece was eventually occupied by the Nazis who proceeded to administer Athens and Thessaloniki, while other regions of the country were given to Nazi Germany's partners, Fascist Italy and Bulgaria. The occupation brought about terrible hardships for the Greek civilian population. Over 100,000 civilians died of starvation during the winter of 1941–1942, tens of thousands more died because of reprisals by Nazis and collaborators, the country's economy was ruined and the great majority of Greek Jews were deported and murdered in Nazi concentration camps. The Greek Resistance, one of the most effective resistance movements in Europe fought vehemently against the Nazis and their collaborators. The German occupiers committed numerous atrocities, mass executions, and wholesale slaughter of civilians and destruction of towns and villages in reprisals. In the course of the concerted anti-guerrilla campaign, hundreds of villages were systematically torched and almost 1,000,000 Greeks left homeless. In total, the Germans executed some 21,000 Greeks, the Bulgarians 40,000 and the Italians 9,000.

question: How many Greeks starved due to Nazi occupation? 

answer: Over 100,000

question: In what years did thousands of Greeks starve? 

answer: 1941–1942

question: What civilian group in Greece fought against Nazi occupation? 

answer: The Greek Resistance

question: How many Greek citizens were displace due to Nazi retaliations? 

answer: almost 1,000,000
Title: Greece
Context: Meanwhile, Andreas Papandreou founded the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) in response to Karamanlis's conservative New Democracy party, with the two political formations alternating in government ever since. Greece rejoined NATO in 1980. Greece became the tenth member of the European Communities (subsequently subsumed by the European Union) on 1 January 1981, ushering in a period of sustained growth. Widespread investments in industrial enterprises and heavy infrastructure, as well as funds from the European Union and growing revenues from tourism, shipping and a fast-growing service sector raised the country's standard of living to unprecedented levels. Traditionally strained relations with neighbouring Turkey improved when successive earthquakes hit both nations in 1999, leading to the lifting of the Greek veto against Turkey's bid for EU membership.

question: Who founded the PASOK? 

answer: Andreas Papandreou

question: What does PASOK stand for? 

answer: Panhellenic Socialist Movement

question: In what year did Greece rejoin NATO? 

answer: 1980

question: Earthquakes hit both Greece and Turkey in which year? 

answer: 1999

question: Greece joined what later became the European Union when? 

answer: 1 January 1981
Title: Greece
Context: Located in Southern Europe, Greece consists of a mountainous, peninsular mainland jutting out into the sea at the southern end of the Balkans, ending at the Peloponnese peninsula (separated from the mainland by the canal of the Isthmus of Corinth) and strategically located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Due to its highly indented coastline and numerous islands, Greece has the 11th longest coastline in the world with 13,676 km (8,498 mi); its land boundary is 1,160 km (721 mi). The country lies approximately between latitudes 34° and 42° N, and longitudes 19° and 30° E, with the extreme points being:

question: Greece is where geographically? 

answer: Southern Europe

question: Where does Greece's coastline place in world rankings? 

answer: 11th longest

question: How long is Greece's coastline? 

answer: 8,498 mi
Title: Greece
Context: Eighty percent of Greece consists of mountains or hills, making the country one of the most mountainous in Europe. Mount Olympus, the mythical abode of the Greek Gods, culminates at Mytikas peak 2,918 metres (9,573 ft), the highest in the country. Western Greece contains a number of lakes and wetlands and is dominated by the Pindus mountain range. The Pindus, a continuation of the Dinaric Alps, reaches a maximum elevation of 2,637 m (8,652 ft) at Mt. Smolikas (the second-highest in Greece) and historically has been a significant barrier to east-west travel.

question: How tall is Mount Olympus? 

answer: 9,573 ft

question: The tallest mountain in the Pindus range is what? 

answer: Mt. Smolikas

question: How tall is Mt. Smolikas? 

answer: 8,652 ft
Title: Greece
Context: The Pindus range continues through the central Peloponnese, crosses the islands of Kythera and Antikythera and finds its way into southwestern Aegean, in the island of Crete where it eventually ends. The islands of the Aegean are peaks of underwater mountains that once constituted an extension of the mainland. Pindus is characterized by its high, steep peaks, often dissected by numerous canyons and a variety of other karstic landscapes. The spectacular Vikos Gorge, part of the Vikos-Aoos National Park in the Pindus range, is listed by the Guinness book of World Records as the deepest gorge in the world. Another notable formation are the Meteora rock pillars, atop which have been built medieval Greek Orthodox monasteries.

question: Where does the Pindus mountain range end? 

answer: the island of Crete

question: Islands in the Aegean Sea are formed by what? 

answer: underwater mountains

question: What is the deepest gorge in the world? 

answer: Vikos Gorge
Title: Greece
Context: The Greek islands are traditionally grouped into the following clusters: The Argo-Saronic Islands in the Saronic gulf near Athens, the Cyclades, a large but dense collection occupying the central part of the Aegean Sea, the North Aegean islands, a loose grouping off the west coast of Turkey, the Dodecanese, another loose collection in the southeast between Crete and Turkey, the Sporades, a small tight group off the coast of northeast Euboea, and the Ionian Islands, located to the west of the mainland in the Ionian Sea.

question: The Saronic gulf is near what city? 

answer: Athens

question: The Cyclade islands are located where? 

answer: central part of the Aegean Sea

question: The North Aegean islands are located where? 

answer: west coast of Turkey

question: The Dodecanese islands are located where? 

answer: between Crete and Turkey

question: The Sporades islands are located where? 

answer: off the coast of northeast Euboea
Title: Greece
Context: The climate of Greece is primarily Mediterranean, featuring mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers. This climate occurs at all coastal locations, including Athens, the Cyclades, the Dodecanese, Crete, the Peloponnese, the Ionian Islands and parts of the Central Continental Greece region. The Pindus mountain range strongly affects the climate of the country, as areas to the west of the range are considerably wetter on average (due to greater exposure to south-westerly systems bringing in moisture) than the areas lying to the east of the range (due to a rain shadow effect).

question: Greece's climate is mainly of what type? 

answer: Mediterranean

question: Greece's climate is affected by what range? 

answer: Pindus mountain range

question: East of the Pindus mountains, the climate is drier due to what? 

answer: a rain shadow effect
Title: Greece
Context: The mountainous areas of Northwestern Greece (parts of Epirus, Central Greece, Thessaly, Western Macedonia) as well as in the mountainous central parts of Peloponnese – including parts of the regional units of Achaea, Arcadia and Laconia – feature an Alpine climate with heavy snowfalls. The inland parts of northern Greece, in Central Macedonia and East Macedonia and Thrace feature a temperate climate with cold, damp winters and hot, dry summers with frequent thunderstorms. Snowfalls occur every year in the mountains and northern areas, and brief snowfalls are not unknown even in low-lying southern areas, such as Athens.

question: The climate of Greece in the Northwest is known as what? 

answer: Alpine climate

question: The Alpine climate of Greece gets what kind of weather? 

answer: heavy snowfalls

question: Northern Greece inland features what type of climate? 

answer: temperate

question: It has been known to snow even in what Southern city? 

answer: Athens
Title: Greece
Context: Phytogeographically, Greece belongs to the Boreal Kingdom and is shared between the East Mediterranean province of the Mediterranean Region and the Illyrian province of the Circumboreal Region. According to the World Wide Fund for Nature and the European Environment Agency, the territory of Greece can be subdivided into six ecoregions: the Illyrian deciduous forests, Pindus Mountains mixed forests, Balkan mixed forests, Rhodope montane mixed forests, Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests and Crete Mediterranean forests.

question: Greece's plant distribution belongs to what? 

answer: the Boreal Kingdom

question: How many ecoregions occupies Greece? 

answer: six

question: The Pindus and Balkan ecoregions are known as what? 

answer: mixed forests

question: The Crete ecoregion is known as what? 

answer: Mediterranean forests

question: The Illyrian ecoregion is known as what? 

answer: deciduous forests
Title: Greece
Context: Greece is a unitary parliamentary republic. The nominal head of state is the President of the Republic, who is elected by the Parliament for a five-year term. The current Constitution was drawn up and adopted by the Fifth Revisionary Parliament of the Hellenes and entered into force in 1975 after the fall of the military junta of 1967–1974. It has been revised three times since, in 1986, 2001 and 2008. The Constitution, which consists of 120 articles, provides for a separation of powers into executive, legislative, and judicial branches, and grants extensive specific guarantees (further reinforced in 2001) of civil liberties and social rights. Women's suffrage was guaranteed with an amendment to the 1952 Constitution.

question: What type of republic is Greece? 

answer: unitary parliamentary

question: What is the title of the leader of Greece? 

answer: President of the Republic

question: Who elects the president of Greece? 

answer: the Parliament

question: How long does the President of Greece serve? 

answer: five-year term

question: Greece's constitution has how many articles? 

answer: 120
Title: Greece
Context: According to the Constitution, executive power is exercised by the President of the Republic and the Government. From the Constitutional amendment of 1986 the President's duties were curtailed to a significant extent, and they are now largely ceremonial; most political power thus lies in the hands of the Prime Minister. The position of Prime Minister, Greece's head of government, belongs to the current leader of the political party that can obtain a vote of confidence by the Parliament. The President of the Republic formally appoints the Prime Minister and, on his recommendation, appoints and dismisses the other members of the Cabinet.

question: The constitution was amended to reduce the President's power in what year? 

answer: 1986

question: Who has the most political power in Greece? 

answer: Prime Minister

question: The Prime Minister is elected by who? 

answer: the Parliament

question: Who formally names the Prime Minister? 

answer: President of the Republic
Title: Greece
Context: Legislative powers are exercised by a 300-member elective unicameral Parliament. Statutes passed by the Parliament are promulgated by the President of the Republic. Parliamentary elections are held every four years, but the President of the Republic is obliged to dissolve the Parliament earlier on the proposal of the Cabinet, in view of dealing with a national issue of exceptional importance. The President is also obliged to dissolve the Parliament earlier, if the opposition manages to pass a motion of no confidence.

question: How many members are in Greece's parliament?  

answer: 300

question: How often are elections help for parliament? 

answer: every four years

question: Parliamentary statutes are put into effect by who?  

answer: President of the Republic
Title: Greece
Context: The coalition government led the country to the parliamentary elections of May 2012. The power of the traditional Greek political parties, PASOK and New Democracy, declined from 43% to 13% and from 33% to 18%, respectively, due to their support on the politics of Mnimonio and the austerity measures. The leftist party of SYRIZA became the second major party, with an increase from 4% to 16%. No party could form a sustainable government, which led to the parliamentary elections of June 2012. The result of the second elections was the formation of a coalition government composed of New Democracy (29%), PASOK (12%) and Democratic Left (6%) parties.

question: In May 2012, who started the parliamentary elections? 

answer: The coalition government

question: What led to the loss of power of traditional Greek parties?  

answer: their support on the politics of Mnimonio and the austerity measures

question: Who became the second major party after the elections? 

answer: The leftist party of SYRIZA

question: What caused the second election of 2012?  

answer: No party could form a sustainable government

question: What was the demographic result of the second election? 

answer: coalition government composed of New Democracy (29%), PASOK (12%) and Democratic Left (6%) parties.
Title: Greece
Context: Greece's foreign policy is conducted through the Ministry for Foreign Affairs and its head, the Minister for Foreign Affairs. The current minister is Nikos Kotzias. According to the official website, the main aims of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs are to represent Greece before other states and international organizations; safeguarding the interests of the Greek state and of its citizens abroad; the promotion of Greek culture; the fostering of closer relations with the Greek diaspora; and the promotion of international cooperation. Additionally, due to its political and geographical proximity to Europe, Asia, the Middle East and Africa, Greece is a country of significant geostrategic importance and is considered to be a middle power and has developed a regional policy to help promote peace and stability in the Balkans, the Mediterranean, and the Middle East.

question: Who is the head for Greece's foreign policy? 

answer: Minister for Foreign Affairs

question: Who is the present Minister of Foreign Affairs? 

answer: Nikos Kotzias

question: The goal of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is what? 

answer: represent Greece before other states and international organizations

question: Greece is though of as what kind of power? 

answer: a middle power

question: Greece has how much strategic importance? 

answer: significant