praj-17/QA-MCQ-Open-ended huggingface dataset:
Title: Switzerland
Context: As of the 2000 census other Christian minority communities include Neo-Pietism (0.44%), Pentecostalism (0.28%, mostly incorporated in the Schweizer Pfingstmission), Methodism (0.13%), the New Apostolic Church (0.45%), Jehovah's Witnesses (0.28%), other Protestant denominations (0.20%), the Old Catholic Church (0.18%), other Christian denominations (0.20%). Non-Christian religions are Hinduism (0.38%), Buddhism (0.29%), Judaism (0.25%) and others (0.11%); 4.3% did not make a statement. 21.4% in 2012 declared themselves as unchurched i.e. not affiliated with any church or other religious body (Agnostic, Atheist, or just not related to any official religion).

question: What percentage of Swiss people claimed no church affiliation in 2012? 

answer: 21.4%

question: According to the census of 2000, what percentage of Swiss are pentecostal? 

answer: 0.28%

question: According to the census of 2000, what percentage of Swiss are Jehova's Witnesses? 

answer: 0.28%

question: According to the census of 2000, what percentage of Swiss are Buddhists? 

answer: 0.29%
Title: Switzerland
Context: The country was historically about evenly balanced between Catholic and Protestant, with a complex patchwork of majorities over most of the country. Geneva converted to Protestantism in 1536, just before John Calvin arrived there. One canton, Appenzell, was officially divided into Catholic and Protestant sections in 1597. The larger cities and their cantons (Bern, Geneva, Lausanne, Zürich and Basel) used to be predominantly Protestant. Central Switzerland, the Valais, the Ticino, Appenzell Innerrhodes, the Jura, and Fribourg are traditionally Catholic. The Swiss Constitution of 1848, under the recent impression of the clashes of Catholic vs. Protestant cantons that culminated in the Sonderbundskrieg, consciously defines a consociational state, allowing the peaceful co-existence of Catholics and Protestants. A 1980 initiative calling for the complete separation of church and state was rejected by 78.9% of the voters. Some traditionally Protestant cantons and cities nowadays have a slight Catholic majority, not because they were growing in members, quite the contrary, but only because since about 1970 a steadily growing minority became not affiliated with any church or other religious body (21.4% in Switzerland, 2012) especially in traditionally Protestant regions, such as Basel-City (42%), canton of Neuchâtel (38%), canton of Geneva (35%), canton of Vaud (26%), or Zürich city (city: >25%; canton: 23%).

question: When did Geneva convert to Protestantism? 

answer: 1536

question: How is a consociational state defined by the Constitution of 1848? 

answer: allowing the peaceful co-existence of Catholics and Protestants

question: When was the calling for a complete separation from church and state rejected by the majority of voters? 

answer: 1980

question: What percentage of voters rejected the separation of church and state in 1980? 

answer: 78.9%
Title: Switzerland
Context: Three of Europe's major languages are official in Switzerland. Swiss culture is characterised by diversity, which is reflected in a wide range of traditional customs. A region may be in some ways strongly culturally connected to the neighbouring country that shares its language, the country itself being rooted in western European culture. The linguistically isolated Romansh culture in Graubünden in eastern Switzerland constitutes an exception, it survives only in the upper valleys of the Rhine and the Inn and strives to maintain its rare linguistic tradition.

question: What culture is linguistically isolated from the rest of Switzerland? 

answer: Romansh

question: Where is the Romansh culture located? 

answer: in Graubünden in eastern Switzerland

question: How many of Europe's major languages are official in Switzerland? 

answer: Three
Title: Switzerland
Context: Alpine symbolism has played an essential role in shaping the history of the country and the Swiss national identity. Nowadays some concentrated mountain areas have a strong highly energetic ski resort culture in winter, and a hiking (ger: das Wandern) or Mountain biking culture in summer. Other areas throughout the year have a recreational culture that caters to tourism, yet the quieter seasons are spring and autumn when there are fewer visitors. A traditional farmer and herder culture also predominates in many areas and small farms are omnipresent outside the cities. Folk art is kept alive in organisations all over the country. In Switzerland it is mostly expressed in music, dance, poetry, wood carving and embroidery. The alphorn, a trumpet-like musical instrument made of wood, has become alongside yodeling and the accordion an epitome of traditional Swiss music.

question: What symbolism has played an important role in shaping the history of Switzerland? 

answer: Alpine

question: What highly energetic culture is in some concentrated mountain areas in the winter? 

answer: ski resort culture

question: What is the name of the trumpet like musical instrument made of wood has become the epitome of traditional Swiss music? 

answer: alphorn

question: What traditional culture predominates in many areas of small farms? 

answer: farmer and herder culture
Title: Switzerland
Context: The government exerts greater control over broadcast media than print media, especially due to finance and licensing. The Swiss Broadcasting Corporation, whose name was recently changed to SRG SSR, is charged with the production and broadcast of radio and television programs. SRG SSR studios are distributed throughout the various language regions. Radio content is produced in six central and four regional studios while the television programs are produced in Geneva, Zürich and Lugano. An extensive cable network also allows most Swiss to access the programs from neighboring countries.

question: What causes the government to exert greater control over broadcast media than print media? 

answer: finance and licensing

question: Where are television programs produced? 

answer: Geneva, Zürich and Lugano

question: What was the Swiss Broadcasting Corporations name recently changed to? 

answer: SRG SSR
Title: Switzerland
Context: Skiing, snowboarding and mountaineering are among the most popular sports in Switzerland, the nature of the country being particularly suited for such activities. Winter sports are practiced by the natives and tourists since the second half of the 19th century with the invention of bobsleigh in St. Moritz. The first world ski championships were held in Mürren (1931) and St. Moritz (1934). The latter town hosted the second Winter Olympic Games in 1928 and the fifth edition in 1948. Among the most successful skiers and world champions are Pirmin Zurbriggen and Didier Cuche.

question: What 3 mountain sports are among the most popular in Switzerland? 

answer: Skiing, snowboarding and mountaineering

question: Where was the bobsleigh invented? 

answer: St. Moritz

question: When were the first ski championships held in Murren? 

answer: 1931

question: Which town hosted the 2nd Winter Olympic Games in 1928? 

answer: St. Moritz
Title: Switzerland
Context: Swiss are fans of football and the national team is nicknamed the 'Nati'. The headquarters of the sport's governing body, the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA), is located in Zürich. Switzerland hosted the 1954 FIFA World Cup, and was the joint host, with Austria, of the Euro 2008 tournament. The Swiss Super League is the nation's professional club league. For the Brasil 2014 World Cup finals tournament, the country's German-speaking cantons will be closely monitored by local police forces to prevent celebrations beyond one hour after matches end. Europe's highest football pitch, at 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) above sea level, is located in Switzerland and is named the Ottmar Hitzfeld Stadium.

question: What is the nickname for the Swiss national football team? 

answer: Nati

question: What does FIFA stand for? 

answer: International Federation of Association Football

question: Where is Europe's highest football pitch located? 

answer: Switzerland

question: Where is the FIFA located? 

answer: Zürich

question: Which FIFA world cup did Switzerland host? 

answer: 1954
Title: Switzerland
Context: Many Swiss also follow ice hockey and support one of the 12 clubs in the League A, which is the most attended league in Europe. In 2009, Switzerland hosted the IIHF World Championship for the 10th time. It also became World Vice-Champion in 2013. The numerous lakes make Switzerland an attractive place for sailing. The largest, Lake Geneva, is the home of the sailing team Alinghi which was the first European team to win the America's Cup in 2003 and which successfully defended the title in 2007. Tennis has become an increasingly popular sport, and Swiss players such as Martina Hingis, Roger Federer, and most recently, Stanislas Wawrinka have won multiple Grand Slams. Swiss professional wrestler Claudio Castagnoli is currently signed with WWE, and is a former United States champion.

question: What was hosted for the 10th time by Switzerland in 2009? 

answer: IIHF World Championship

question: What was the name of the 1st European sailing team to win America's cup in 2013? 

answer: Alinghi

question: Which Swiss professional wrestler is currently signed with WWE? 

answer: Claudio Castagnoli

question: Which Swiss sailing team was the 1st to win America's Cup in 2003? 

answer: Alinghi
Title: Switzerland
Context: Motorsport racecourses and events were banned in Switzerland following the 1955 Le Mans disaster with exception to events such as Hillclimbing. During this period, the country still produced successful racing drivers such as Clay Regazzoni, Sebastian Buemi, Jo Siffert, Dominique Aegerter, successful World Touring Car Championship driver Alain Menu, 2014 24 Hours of Le Mans winner Marcel Fässler and 2015 24 Hours Nürburgring winner Nico Müller. Switzerland also won the A1GP World Cup of Motorsport in 2007–08 with driver Neel Jani. Swiss motorcycle racer Thomas Lüthi won the 2005 MotoGP World Championship in the 125cc category. In June 2007 the Swiss National Council, one house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, voted to overturn the ban, however the other house, the Swiss Council of States rejected the change and the ban remains in place.

question: What was banned in Switzerland in 1955 after the Le Mans disaster? 

answer: Motorsport racecourses and events

question: Who voted to overturn the ban on motorsport events in June 2007? 

answer: Swiss National Council

question: Who rejected the  2007 vote to overturn the motorsport ban in Switzerland? 

answer: Swiss Council of States

question: Which successful World Touring Car Championship driver was produced in Switzerland despite the ban on motorsport events? 

answer: Alain Menu

question: Which Swiss motorcycle racer won the 2005 MotoGP World Championship in the 125cc category? 

answer: Thomas Lüthi
Title: Switzerland
Context: Traditional sports include Swiss wrestling or "Schwingen". It is an old tradition from the rural central cantons and considered the national sport by some. Hornussen is another indigenous Swiss sport, which is like a cross between baseball and golf. Steinstossen is the Swiss variant of stone put, a competition in throwing a heavy stone. Practiced only among the alpine population since prehistoric times, it is recorded to have taken place in Basel in the 13th century. It is also central to the Unspunnenfest, first held in 1805, with its symbol the 83.5 kg stone named Unspunnenstein.

question: Which popular Swiss sport is a cross between baseball and golf? 

answer: Hornussen

question: Which old, traditional sport is considered to be the national sport by some Swiss? 

answer: Swiss wrestling or "Schwingen"

question: What is thrown in the Swiss competition Steinstossen? 

answer: a heavy stone

question: Which Swiss population is the only one to have practiced Steinstossen since prehistoric times? 

answer: alpine

question: What was the name of the 83.5 kg stone that symbolized the Unspunnenfest, first held in 1805? 

answer: Unspunnenstein
Title: Switzerland
Context: The cuisine of Switzerland is multifaceted. While some dishes such as fondue, raclette or rösti are omnipresent through the country, each region developed its own gastronomy according to the differences of climate and languages.  Traditional Swiss cuisine uses ingredients similar to those in other European countries, as well as unique dairy products and cheeses such as Gruyère or Emmental, produced in the valleys of Gruyères and Emmental. The number of fine-dining establishments is high, particularly in western Switzerland.

question: What part of Switzerland has a particularly high number of fine-dining establishments? 

answer: western Switzerland

question: What unique dairy cheese is produced in the Swiss valleys of Gruyeres? 

answer: Gruyère

question: What differences primarily dictated some of the regional variations in Swiss cuisine? 

answer: climate and languages

question: What dairy product is produced in the valley of Emmental? 

answer: Emmental

question: How do the ingredients of traditional Swiss cuisine compare to that of other European countries? 

answer: similar
Title: Switzerland
Context: The most popular alcoholic drink in Switzerland is wine. Switzerland is notable for the variety of grapes grown because of the large variations in terroirs, with their specific mixes of soil, air, altitude and light. Swiss wine is produced mainly in Valais, Vaud (Lavaux), Geneva and Ticino, with a small majority of white wines. Vineyards have been cultivated in Switzerland since the Roman era, even though certain traces can be found of a more ancient origin. The most widespread varieties are the Chasselas (called Fendant in Valais) and Pinot noir. The Merlot is the main variety produced in Ticino.

question: What is the most popular alcoholic drink in Switzerland? 

answer: wine

question: When were vineyards first cultivated in Switzerland? 

answer: Roman era

question: What type of wine comprises a small majority of wine produced in Switzerland? 

answer: white

question: What are the two most widespread varieties of wines in Switzerland? 

answer: Chasselas (called Fendant in Valais) and Pinot noir

question: What 4 terrain variations are credited for Switzerland's notable variety of grapes grown? 

answer: specific mixes of soil, air, altitude and light
Title: Mali
Context: Mali (i/ˈmɑːli/; French: [maˈli]), officially the Republic of Mali (French: République du Mali), is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali is the eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of just over 1,240,000 square kilometres (480,000 sq mi). The population of Mali is 14.5 million. Its capital is Bamako. Mali consists of eight regions and its borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara Desert, while the country's southern part, where the majority of inhabitants live, features the Niger and Senegal rivers. The country's economy centers on agriculture and fishing. Some of Mali's prominent natural resources include gold, being the third largest producer of gold in the African continent, and salt. About half the population lives below the international poverty line of $1.25 (U.S.) a day. A majority of the population (55%) are non-denominational Muslims.

question: Of Africa what rank in size country is Mali? 

answer: Mali is the eighth-largest country in Africa

question: What is Mali's capital named? 

answer: Bamako

question: What are two major rivers located inside of Mali? 

answer: Niger and Senegal rivers

question: Besides salt what other major natural resources does Mali produce? 

answer: prominent natural resources include gold

question: More than half of the population is what religion? 

answer: (55%) are non-denominational Muslims
Title: Mali
Context: Present-day Mali was once part of three West African empires that controlled trans-Saharan trade: the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire (for which Mali is named), and the Songhai Empire. During its golden age, there was a flourishing of mathematics, astronomy, literature, and art. At its peak in 1300, the Mali Empire covered an area about twice the size of modern-day France and stretched to the west coast of Africa. In the late 19th century, during the Scramble for Africa, France seized control of Mali, making it a part of French Sudan. French Sudan (then known as the Sudanese Republic) joined with Senegal in 1959, achieving independence in 1960 as the Mali Federation. Shortly thereafter, following Senegal's withdrawal from the federation, the Sudanese Republic declared itself the independent Republic of Mali. After a long period of one-party rule, a coup in 1991 led to the writing of a new constitution and the establishment of Mali as a democratic, multi-party state.

question: In the latter part of the 19th century what country took control of Mali? 

answer: France seized control of Mali

question: What year did Mali gain independence as the Mali Federation? 

answer: 1960

question: Along with a new constitution, Mali became what type of state in 1991? 

answer: Mali as a democratic, multi-party state

question: Mali was once part of how many West African empires? 

answer: three

question: What was the name of the Empire that the country is now named after? 

answer: Mali Empire (for which Mali is named)
Title: Mali
Context: In January 2012, an armed conflict broke out in northern Mali, which Tuareg rebels took control of by April and declared the secession of a new state, Azawad. The conflict was complicated by a military coup that took place in March and later fighting between Tuareg and Islamist rebels. In response to Islamist territorial gains, the French military launched Opération Serval in January 2013. A month later, Malian and French forces recaptured most of the north. Presidential elections were held on 28 July 2013, with a second round run-off held on 11 August, and legislative elections were held on 24 November and 15 December 2013.

question: What area of Mali did conflict arise in January of 2012? 

answer: northern Mali

question: What were the rebels named in the conflict of 2012? 

answer: Tuareg rebels

question: What was the name that the rebels declared as a new state? 

answer: new state, Azawad

question: What country sent military in response to terrorism in 2013? 

answer: French military

question: On July 28 2013 what type of elections were held? 

answer: Presidential elections
Title: Mali
Context: In the late 14th century, the Songhai gradually gained independence from the Mali Empire and expanded, ultimately subsuming the entire eastern portion of the Mali Empire. The Songhai Empire's eventual collapse was largely the result of a Moroccan invasion in 1591, under the command of Judar Pasha. The fall of the Songhai Empire marked the end of the region's role as a trading crossroads. Following the establishment of sea routes by the European powers, the trans-Saharan trade routes lost significance.

question: The Sonhgai Empire's demise was due to what invasion? 

answer: Moroccan invasion in 1591

question: What major impact did the falling of the Songhai Empire have? 

answer: Saharan trade routes lost significance.

question: What century did Songhai become independent from Mali? 

answer: 14th century

question: Who was the commander of the Moroccan invasion of 1591?  

answer: Judar Pasha

question: What type of trading routes did Europeans make that compounded to the profound effect? 

answer: establishment of sea routes
Title: Mali
Context: On 19 November 1968, following progressive economic decline, the Keïta regime was overthrown in a bloodless military coup led by Moussa Traoré, a day which is now commemorated as Liberation Day. The subsequent military-led regime, with Traoré as president, attempted to reform the economy. His efforts were frustrated by political turmoil and a devastating drought between 1968 to 1974, in which famine killed thousands of people. The Traoré regime faced student unrest beginning in the late 1970s and three coup attempts. The Traoré regime repressed all dissenters until the late 1980s.

question: What regime was overthrown in 1968? 

answer: Keïta regime

question: Who led the military on what is now celebrated Liberation Day? 

answer: Moussa Traoré

question: What position did Moussa Traoré take on as a result of his success? 

answer: president

question: Between what years did famine and drought afflict the country? 

answer: 1968 to 1974

question: In the 1970's how many attempts were there the overthrow the govenment? 

answer: three coup attempts
Title: Mali
Context: Anti-government protests in 1991 led to a coup, a transitional government, and a new constitution. Opposition to the corrupt and dictatorial regime of General Moussa Traoré grew during the 1980s. During this time strict programs, imposed to satisfy demands of the International Monetary Fund, brought increased hardship upon the country's population, while elites close to the government supposedly lived in growing wealth. Peaceful student protests in January 1991 were brutally suppressed, with mass arrests and torture of leaders and participants. Scattered acts of rioting and vandalism of public buildings followed, but most actions by the dissidents remained nonviolent.

question: In what year did Mali get a new constitution?  

answer: 1991

question: In January of 1991 what type of protests were violently curbed? 

answer: student protests

question: What type of administration did general Mousa Traoré have? 

answer: dictatorial regime

question: Strict rules were put in place to appease what monetary fund? 

answer: International Monetary Fund

question: It was rumored that people close to the government lived in what type of condition?  

answer: growing wealth
Title: Mali
Context: From 22 March through 26 March 1991, mass pro-democracy rallies and a nationwide strike was held in both urban and rural communities, which became known as les evenements ("the events") or the March Revolution. In Bamako, in response to mass demonstrations organized by university students and later joined by trade unionists and others, soldiers opened fire indiscriminately on the nonviolent demonstrators. Riots broke out briefly following the shootings. Barricades as well as roadblocks were erected and Traoré declared a state of emergency and imposed a nightly curfew. Despite an estimated loss of 300 lives over the course of four days, nonviolent protesters continued to return to Bamako each day demanding the resignation of the dictatorial president and the implementation of democratic policies.

question: What type of rallies were being held in March of 1991? 

answer: pro-democracy

question: There was a nationwide strike being held that was called les envenements and also named what? 

answer: March Revolution

question: After the president declared a state of emergency, what type of curfew was placed on the country? 

answer: nightly

question: How many people died over the course of four days? 

answer: 300 lives

question: After all of the governments efforts what types of protests continued?  

answer: nonviolent