praj-17/QA-MCQ-Open-ended huggingface dataset:
Title: The_Times
Context: The Times used contributions from significant figures in the fields of politics, science, literature, and the arts to build its reputation. For much of its early life, the profits of The Times were very large and the competition minimal, so it could pay far better than its rivals for information or writers. Beginning in 1814, the paper was printed on the new steam-driven cylinder press developed by Friedrich Koenig. In 1815, The Times had a circulation of 5,000.

question: In 1815, The Times had a circulation of how many people? 

answer: 5,000

question: Beginning in 1814, The Times was printed using what new kind of press? 

answer: steam-driven cylinder press

question: The Times used contributions from significant figures to build what? 

answer: reputation

question: Who developed the new press type in 1814 for The Times? 

answer: Friedrich Koenig
Title: The_Times
Context: Thomas Barnes was appointed general editor in 1817. In the same year, the paper's printer James Lawson, died and passed the business onto his son John Joseph Lawson(1802–1852). Under the editorship of Barnes and his successor in 1841, John Thadeus Delane, the influence of The Times rose to great heights, especially in politics and amongst the City of London. Peter Fraser and Edward Sterling were two noted journalists, and gained for The Times the pompous/satirical nickname 'The Thunderer' (from "We thundered out the other day an article on social and political reform."). The increased circulation and influence of the paper was based in part to its early adoption of the steam-driven rotary printing press. Distribution via steam trains to rapidly growing concentrations of urban populations helped ensure the profitability of the paper and its growing influence.

question: Who was appointed general editor for The Times in 1817? 

answer: Thomas Barnes

question: In 1817, The Times paper's printer James Lawson passed his business to which family member? 

answer: his son

question: Peter Fraser and Edward Sterling, two noted The Times journalists, gained what nickname for themselves? 

answer: The Thunderer

question: What kind of printing press helped increase the circulation and influence of The Times back in 1817? 

answer: steam-driven rotary printing press

question: Who succeeded Thomas Barnes as editor of The Times in 1841? 

answer: John Thadeus Delane
Title: The_Times
Context: The Times was the first newspaper to send war correspondents to cover particular conflicts. W. H. Russell, the paper's correspondent with the army in the Crimean War, was immensely influential with his dispatches back to England.

question: The Times was the first newspaper to send correspondents to what kind of event? 

answer: war

question: Who was The Times first correspondent with an army? 

answer: W. H. Russell

question: Which war did The Times first cover using correspondents? 

answer: Crimean War
Title: The_Times
Context: In other events of the nineteenth century, The Times opposed the repeal of the Corn Laws until the number of demonstrations convinced the editorial board otherwise, and only reluctantly supported aid to victims of the Irish Potato Famine. It enthusiastically supported the Great Reform Bill of 1832, which reduced corruption and increased the electorate from 400,000 people to 800,000 people (still a small minority of the population). During the American Civil War, The Times represented the view of the wealthy classes, favouring the secessionists, but it was not a supporter of slavery.

question: What major event did The Times reluctantly support in the nineteenth century despite being initially opposed? 

answer: Irish Potato Famine

question: The Times greatly supported what bill in 1832 which reduced corruption and increased the electorate? 

answer: Great Reform Bill of 1832

question: Many demonstrations in the nineteenth century convinced The Times editorial board to finally support the repeal of what laws? 

answer: Corn Laws

question: During the American Civil War, what classes of people did The Times support? 

answer: wealthy classes

question: The Times favoured which political side of the American Civil War? 

answer: the secessionists
Title: The_Times
Context: The third John Walter, the founder's grandson, succeeded his father in 1847. The paper continued as more or less independent, but from the 1850s The Times was beginning to suffer from the rise in competition from the penny press, notably The Daily Telegraph and The Morning Post.

question: What year did the founder's grandson succeed his father as editor of The Times? 

answer: 1847

question: What is the name of the The Times founder's grandson who succeeded his father as editor? 

answer: John Walter

question: In the 1850s, the Times was beginning to suffer from the rise in competition from what kind of press? 

answer: the penny press
Title: The_Times
Context: During the 19th century, it was not infrequent for the Foreign Office to approach The Times and ask for continental intelligence, which was often superior to that conveyed by official sources.[citation needed]

question: Which agency often used The Times for continental intelligence? 

answer: the Foreign Office

question: Which century was The Times first often relied upon for continental intelligence? 

answer: 19th century

question: Continental intelligence conveyed by The Times was often superior to what? 

answer: official sources
Title: The_Times
Context: The Times faced financial extinction in 1890 under Arthur Fraser Walter, but it was rescued by an energetic editor, Charles Frederic Moberly Bell. During his tenure (1890–1911), The Times became associated with selling the Encyclopædia Britannica using aggressive American marketing methods introduced by Horace Everett Hooper and his advertising executive, Henry Haxton. Due to legal fights between the Britannica's two owners, Hooper and Walter Montgomery Jackson, The Times severed its connection in 1908 and was bought by pioneering newspaper magnate, Alfred Harmsworth, later Lord Northcliffe.

question: Which editor nearly ruined The Times in 1890? 

answer: Arthur Fraser Walter

question: Which energetic editor rescued The Times from financial collapse in 1890? 

answer: Charles Frederic Moberly Bell

question: Which encyclopedia was The Times aggressively selling to American markets? 

answer: Britannica

question: Who was the creator of the encyclopedia that The Times was known for selling to America? 

answer: Horace Everett Hooper

question: Who later bought the well-known encyclopedia from The Times in 1908? 

answer: Alfred Harmsworth
Title: The_Times
Context: In editorials published on 29 and 31 July 1914, Wickham Steed, the Times's Chief Editor, argued that the British Empire should enter World War I. On 8 May 1920, also under the editorship of Steed, The Times in an editorial endorsed the anti-Semitic fabrication The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion as a genuine document, and called Jews the world's greatest danger. In the leader entitled "The Jewish Peril, a Disturbing Pamphlet: Call for Inquiry", Steed wrote about The Protocols of the Elders of Zion:

question: Who was The Times' Chief Editor in 1914? 

answer: Wickham Steed

question: The Chief Editor of The Times in 1914 argued that the British Empire should enter what war? 

answer: World War I

question: What anti-Semitic fabrication did The Times endorse in 1920? 

answer: The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion

question: After publishing anti-Semitic editorials in 1920, what did The Times refer to Jews as being? 

answer: the world's greatest danger

question: What was the name of the anti-Semitic article that The Time's Chief Editor published in 1914? 

answer: The Jewish Peril, a Disturbing Pamphlet: Call for Inquiry
Title: The_Times
Context: The following year, when Philip Graves, the Constantinople (modern Istanbul) correspondent of The Times, exposed The Protocols as a forgery, The Times retracted the editorial of the previous year.

question: A Constantinople correspondent of The Times exposed what anti-Semitic document as a forgery? 

answer: The Protocols

question: Who was the name of the The Times Constantinople correspondent who exposed the anti-Semitic document as a forgery? 

answer: Philip Graves

question: How did The Times respond to the exposing of anti-Semitic documents as forgery? 

answer: retracted the editorial
Title: The_Times
Context: In 1922, John Jacob Astor, son of the 1st Viscount Astor, bought The Times from the Northcliffe estate. The paper gained a measure of notoriety in the 1930s with its advocacy of German appeasement; then-editor Geoffrey Dawson was closely allied with those in the government who practised appeasement, most notably Neville Chamberlain.

question: In 1922, who bought The Times? 

answer: John Jacob Astor

question: In 1922, which estate sold The Times? 

answer: Northcliffe estate

question: The Times gained much notoriety in the 1930s because of its advocacy of what? 

answer: German appeasement

question: Which The Times editor was closely allied with the government who practised German appeasement? 

answer: Geoffrey Dawson

question: Which notable government official did The Times ally with in the 1930s whom practised German appeasement? 

answer: Neville Chamberlain
Title: The_Times
Context: Kim Philby, a Soviet double agent, was a correspondent for the newspaper in Spain during the Spanish Civil War of the late 1930s. Philby was admired for his courage in obtaining high-quality reporting from the front lines of the bloody conflict. He later joined MI6 during World War II, was promoted into senior positions after the war ended, then eventually defected to the Soviet Union in 1963.

question: Who was the name of the Soviet double agent who was the correspondent for The Times in Spain in the late 1930s? 

answer: Kim Philby

question: A Soviet double agent working for The Times in Spain was a war correspondent during what war in the late 1930s? 

answer: Spanish Civil War

question: During World War II, the Soviet double agent who was corresponding for The Times in Spain in the 1930s later joined what agency? 

answer: MI6

question: In 1963, a notable double agent providing valuable and high-quality reporting for The Times during a war in the late 1930s eventually defected to which country? 

answer: Soviet Union
Title: The_Times
Context: Between 1941 and 1946, the left-wing British historian E.H. Carr was Assistant Editor. Carr was well known for the strongly pro-Soviet tone of his editorials. In December 1944, when fighting broke out in Athens between the Greek Communist ELAS and the British Army, Carr in a Times editorial sided with the Communists, leading Winston Churchill to condemn him and that leader in a speech to the House of Commons. As a result of Carr's editorial, The Times became popularly known during that stage of World War II as the threepenny Daily Worker (the price of the Daily Worker being one penny).

question: Between 1941 and 1946, which left-wing British historian was Assistant Editor for The Times? 

answer: E.H. Carr

question: The Assistant Editor of The Times in 1941-1946 strongly supported what stance? 

answer: pro-Soviet

question: Which side did The Times support in the fighting that broke out in Athens in 1944? 

answer: Communists

question: Which major political figure condemned The Times in 1944 for not supporting the British Army? 

answer: Winston Churchill

question: During World War II, The Times was nicknamed what in 1944? 

answer: the threepenny Daily Worker
Title: The_Times
Context: On 3 May 1966 it resumed printing news on the front page - previously the front page featured small advertisements, usually of interest to the moneyed classes in British society. In 1967, members of the Astor family sold the paper to Canadian publishing magnate Roy Thomson. His Thomson Corporation brought it under the same ownership as The Sunday Times to form Times Newspapers Limited.

question: In what year did The Times resume printing news on the front page instead of small advertisements? 

answer: 1966

question: In 1967, what well-known family sold The Times to a Canadian publishing magnate? 

answer: Astor family

question: In 1967, which Canadian publishing magnate bought The Times? 

answer: Roy Thomson

question: What is the name of the corporation that bought The Times in 1967? 

answer: Thomson Corporation

question: Which other newspaper was brought under the same ownership as The Times in 1967 to form Times Newspapers Limited? 

answer: The Sunday Times
Title: The_Times
Context: The Thomson Corporation management were struggling to run the business due to the 1979 Energy Crisis and union demands. Management were left with no choice but to find a buyer who was in a position to guarantee the survival of both titles, and also one who had the resources and was committed to funding the introduction of modern printing methods.

question: In 1979, which corporation was struggling to run The Times? 

answer: Thomson Corporation

question: What crisis in 1979 caused near ruin to The Times? 

answer: 1979 Energy Crisis

question: What kind of demands were causing ruin to The Times in 1979? 

answer: union demands
Title: The_Times
Context: Several suitors appeared, including Robert Maxwell, Tiny Rowland and Lord Rothermere; however, only one buyer was in a position to meet the full Thomson remit, Australian media magnate Rupert Murdoch. Robert Holmes à Court, another Australian magnate had previously tried to buy The Times in 1980.

question: A media magnate from which country bought The Times in the 1980s? 

answer: Australian

question: What is the name of the media magnate that bought The Times in the 1980s? 

answer: Rupert Murdoch

question: Who did a media magnate in the 1980s buy The Times from? 

answer: Thomson
Title: The_Times
Context: In 1981, The Times and The Sunday Times were bought from Thomson by Rupert Murdoch's News International. The acquisition followed three weeks of intensive bargaining with the unions by company negotiators, John Collier and Bill O'Neill.

question: What corporation bought The Times in 1981? 

answer: News International

question: Who owned the major corporation that bought The Times in 1981? 

answer: Rupert Murdoch

question: During the acquisition of The Times in 1981, John Collier and Bill O'Neill were part of what group that did three weeks of intensive bargaining? 

answer: the unions
Title: The_Times
Context: After 14 years as editor, William Rees-Mogg resigned the post upon completion of the change of ownership. Murdoch began to make his mark on the paper by appointing Harold Evans as his replacement. One of his most important changes was the introduction of new technology and efficiency measures. In March–May 1982, following agreement with print unions, the hot-metal Linotype printing process used to print The Times since the 19th century was phased out and replaced by computer input and photo-composition. This allowed print room staff at The Times and The Sunday Times to be reduced by half. However, direct input of text by journalists ("single stroke" input) was still not achieved, and this was to remain an interim measure until the Wapping dispute of 1986, when The Times moved from New Printing House Square in Gray's Inn Road (near Fleet Street) to new offices in Wapping.

question: When The Times was bought in 1982, who resigned as editor? 

answer: William Rees-Mogg

question: How many years as an editor was editor who resigned from The Times in 1982? 

answer: 14 years

question: In 1982, what is the name of the editor who replaced the previous editor of The Times? 

answer: Harold Evans

question: What printing process for The Times was replaced by computers in 1982? 

answer: hot-metal Linotype printing process

question: In 1982, the allowed print room staff at The Times and The Sunday Times was reduced by how much? 

answer: half
Title: The_Times
Context: Robert Fisk, seven times British International Journalist of the Year, resigned as foreign correspondent in 1988 over what he saw as "political censorship" of his article on the shooting-down of Iran Air Flight 655 in July 1988. He wrote in detail about his reasons for resigning from the paper due to meddling with his stories, and the paper's pro-Israel stance.

question: Which major journalist resigned as foreign correspondent of the Times in 1988? 

answer: Robert Fisk

question: The foreign correspondent who resigned from The Times in 1988 won how many major journalism awards? 

answer: seven

question: The foreign correspondent for The Times who resigned in 1988, resigned for what reason? 

answer: political censorship

question: What airplane was shot down in July 1988 that a famous foreign correspondent from The Times wrote an article about that later lead to his resignation? 

answer: Iran Air Flight 655

question: What stance did The Times take that cause a famous foreign correspondent to resign in 1988? 

answer: pro-Israel stance
Title: The_Times
Context: In June 1990, The Times ceased its policy of using courtesy titles ("Mr", "Mrs", or "Miss" prefixes) for living persons before full names on first reference, but it continues to use them before surnames on subsequent references. The more formal style is now confined to the "Court and Social" page, though "Ms" is now acceptable in that section, as well as before surnames in news sections.

question: In what year did The Times ceased its policy of using courtesy titles for living persons before full names on first reference? 

answer: 1990

question: What kind of style is now confined to the "Court and Social" page of The Times when referring to the use of courtesy titles? 

answer: formal style

question: When The Times ceased its policy of using courtesy titles, it continued to use them for what kind of name on references after the first? 

answer: surnames
Title: The_Times
Context: In November 2003, News International began producing the newspaper in both broadsheet and tabloid sizes. On 13 September 2004, the weekday broadsheet was withdrawn from sale in Northern Ireland. Since 1 November 2004, the paper has been printed solely in tabloid format.

question: In what year did News International begin producing The Times in both broadsheet in tabloid sizes? 

answer: 2003

question: When The Times began producing its newpaper in both broadsheet and tabloid sizes, which region did The Times withdraw its broadsheet from sale? 

answer: Northern Ireland

question: The Times is printed solely in what format since 2004? 

answer: tabloid format
Title: The_Times
Context: On 6 June 2005, The Times redesigned its Letters page, dropping the practice of printing correspondents' full postal addresses. Published letters were long regarded as one of the paper's key constituents. Author/solicitor David Green of Castle Morris Pembrokeshire has had more letters published on the main letters page than any other known contributor – 158 by 31 January 2008. According to its leading article, "From Our Own Correspondents", removal of full postal addresses was in order to fit more letters onto the page.

question: On 6 June 2005, The Times redesigned what page of its newspaper? 

answer: Letters page

question: In 2005, The Times dropped the practice of printing what kind of feature of its correspondents? 

answer: full postal addresses

question: Which author and solicitor has had more letters published on the main letters page of The Times than any other known contributor? 

answer: David Green of Castle Morris Pembrokeshire

question: The leading author and solicitor of the letters page in The Times had how many articles published? 

answer: 158

question: What is the name of the leading article that referenced the removal of a major feature in The Times in 2005? 

answer: From Our Own Correspondents
Title: The_Times
Context: In a 2007 meeting with the House of Lords Select Committee on Communications, which was investigating media ownership and the news, Murdoch stated that the law and the independent board prevented him from exercising editorial control.

question: In what year was the meeting of the House of Lords Select Committee on Communications that was investigating media ownership and the news? 

answer: 2007

question: In the 2007 meeting with the government, Rupert Murdoch, owner of The Times, stated that the law and the independent board prevented him from doing what? 

answer: exercising editorial control

question: What government committee was investigating Rupert Murdoch and The Times in 2007? 

answer: House of Lords Select Committee on Communications
Title: The_Times
Context: In May 2008 printing of The Times switched from Wapping to new plants at Broxbourne on the outskirts of London, and Merseyside and Glasgow, enabling the paper to be produced with full colour on every page for the first time.

question: In May 2008, The Times switched from what plant to new plants in Broxbourne, Merseyside, and Glasgow? 

answer: Wapping

question: In 2008, The Times switched to a new plant in Broxbourne, which is on the outskirts of what city? 

answer: London

question: In May 2008, The Times switched to new plants which allowed for what kind of feature to be printed on every page for the first time? 

answer: full colour
Title: The_Times
Context: On 26 July 2012, to coincide with the official start of the London 2012 Olympics and the issuing of a series of souvenir front covers, The Times added the suffix "of London" to its masthead.

question: What major event took place in London in 2012? 

answer: London 2012 Olympics

question: What kind of front cover did The Times issue on 26 July 2012? 

answer: souvenir

question: In 2012, The Times added what suffix to its masthead? 

answer: of London
Title: The_Times
Context: The Times features news for the first half of the paper, the Opinion/Comment section begins after the first news section with world news normally following this. The business pages begin on the centre spread, and are followed by The Register, containing obituaries, Court & Social section, and related material. The sport section is at the end of the main paper. The Times current prices are £1.20 for the daily edition and £1.50 for the Saturday edition.

question: The Times features what in the first half of its newspaper? 

answer: news

question: What section begins after the first half of The Times newspaper? 

answer: Opinion/Comment section

question: What is The Times current price for the daily edition? 

answer: £1.20

question: What feature begins on the centre spread of The Times? 

answer: business pages

question: What section is featured at the end of the main paper of The Times? 

answer: sport section
Title: The_Times
Context: The Times's main supplement, every day, is the times2, featuring various lifestyle columns. It was discontinued on 1 March 2010 but reintroduced on 11 October 2010 after negative feedback. Its regular features include a puzzles section called Mind Games. Its previous incarnation began on 5 September 2005, before which it was called T2 and previously Times 2. Regular features include columns by a different columnist each weekday. There was a column by Marcus du Sautoy each Wednesday, for example. The back pages are devoted to puzzles and contain sudoku, "Killer Sudoku", "KenKen", word polygon puzzles, and a crossword simpler and more concise than the main "Times Crossword".

question: What is the name of the lifestyle column of The Times? 

answer: times2

question: The Times features a puzzles section called what? 

answer: Mind Games

question: What is the name of the sudoku game in The Times? 

answer: Killer Sudoku
Title: The_Times
Context: The Game is included in the newspaper on Mondays, and details all the weekend's football activity (Premier League and Football League Championship, League One and League Two.) The Scottish edition of The Game also includes results and analysis from Scottish Premier League games.

question: What sports activity is featured in The Times on Mondays? 

answer: football

question: What kind of football game is featured in the Scottish edition of The Times? 

answer: Scottish Premier League

question: What is the name of the section that features football on Mondays in The Times? 

answer: The Game