praj-17/QA-MCQ-Open-ended huggingface dataset:
Title: Red
Context: Unlike vermilion or red ochre, made from minerals, red lake pigments are made by mixing organic dyes, made from insects or plants, with white chalk or alum. Red lac was made from the gum lac, the dark red resinous substance secreted by various scale insects, particularly the Laccifer lacca from India. Carmine lake was made from the cochineal insect from Central and South America, Kermes lake came from a different scale insect, kermes vermilio, which thrived on oak trees around the Mediterranean. Other red lakes were made from the rose madder plant and from the brazilwood tree.

question: What was red ochre composed of? 

answer: minerals

question: How were pigments like red lake created? 

answer: mixing organic dyes

question: What was red lake composed of? 

answer: insects or plants, with white chalk or alum

question: What was the source of color in Red lac? 

answer: the dark red resinous substance secreted by various scale insects

question: The Laccifer lacca was crucial to making what pigment? 

answer: Red lac
Title: Red
Context: In modern color theory, also known as the RGB color model, red, green and blue are additive primary colors. Red, green and blue light combined together makes white light, and these three colors, combined in different mixtures, can produce nearly any other color. This is the principle that is used to make all of the colors on your computer screen and your television. For example, purple on a computer screen is made by a similar formula to used by Cennino Cennini in the Renaissance to make violet, but using additive colors and light instead of pigment: it is created by combining red and blue light at equal intensity on a black screen. Violet is made on a computer screen in a similar way, but with a greater amount of blue light and less red light.

question: Which colors are part of the RGB model? 

answer: red, green and blue

question: What color light is created when one mixes red, green, and blue? 

answer: white

question: The RGB color model has three colors in it that are described as what kind of colors? 

answer: additive primary colors

question: Which era did Cennino Cennini actively paint in? 

answer: the Renaissance

question: What colors are used to create purple on a computer screen? 

answer: red and blue
Title: Red
Context: So that the maximum number of colors can be accurately reproduced on your computer screen, each color has been given a code number, or sRGB, which tells your computer the intensity of the red, green and blue components of that color. The intensity of each component is measured on a scale of zero to 255, which means the complete list includes 16,777,216 distinct colors and shades. The sRGB number of pure red, for example, is 255, 00, 00, which means the red component is at its maximum intensity, and there is no green or blue. The sRGB number for crimson is 220, 20, 60, which means that the red is slightly less intense and therefore darker, there is some green, which leans it toward orange; and there is a larger amount of blue,which makes it slightly blue-violet.

question: Over what numerical scale is color measured on a computer screen? 

answer: zero to 255,

question: What is the total number of possible sRGB colors? 

answer: 16,777,216

question: What is the number used to indicate pure red in sRGB? 

answer: 255, 00, 00

question: Crimson is identified by what sRGB number? 

answer: 220, 20, 60
Title: Red
Context: As a ray of white sunlight travels through the atmosphere to the eye, some of the colors are scattered out of the beam by air molecules and airborne particles due to Rayleigh scattering, changing the final color of the beam that is seen. Colors with a shorter wavelength, such as blue and green, scatter more strongly, and are removed from the light that finally reaches the eye. At sunrise and sunset, when the path of the sunlight through the atmosphere to the eye is longest, the blue and green components are removed almost completely, leaving the longer wavelength orange and red light. The remaining reddened sunlight can also be scattered by cloud droplets and other relatively large particles, which give the sky above the horizon its red glow.

question: What type of scattering is responsible for the shift in the color of sunlight? 

answer: Rayleigh

question: What occurs to colors of short wavelengths in Rayleigh scattering? 

answer: scatter more strongly

question: What is the effect on blue and green light experiencing Rayleigh scattering during sunrise? 

answer: removed almost completely

question: In comparison to blue and green, what would describe the wavelength of orange or red light? 

answer: longer
Title: Red
Context: Lasers emitting in the red region of the spectrum have been available since the invention of the ruby laser in 1960. In 1962 the red helium–neon laser was invented, and these two types of lasers were widely used in many scientific applications including holography, and in education. Red helium–neon lasers were used commercially in LaserDisc players. The use of red laser diodes became widespread with the commercial success of modern DVD players, which use a 660 nm laser diode technology. Today, red and red-orange laser diodes are widely available to the public in the form of extremely inexpensive laser pointers. Portable, high-powered versions are also available for various applications. More recently, 671 nm diode-pumped solid state (DPSS) lasers have been introduced to the market for all-DPSS laser display systems, particle image velocimetry, Raman spectroscopy, and holography.

question: When was the first ruby laser invented? 

answer: 1960

question: In what year did a red helium-neon laser come to be? 

answer: 1962

question: What type of laser is used in a LaserDisc player? 

answer: Red helium–neon

question: What type of laser diode is used in a DVD player? 

answer: a 660 nm laser

question: What type of laser is used in Raman spectroscopy? 

answer: 671 nm diode-pumped solid state (DPSS) lasers
Title: Red
Context: During the summer growing season, phosphate is at a high level. It has a vital role in the breakdown of the sugars manufactured by chlorophyll. But in the fall, phosphate, along with the other chemicals and nutrients, moves out of the leaf into the stem of the plant. When this happens, the sugar-breakdown process changes, leading to the production of anthocyanin pigments. The brighter the light during this period, the greater the production of anthocyanins and the more brilliant the resulting color display. When the days of autumn are bright and cool, and the nights are chilly but not freezing, the brightest colorations usually develop.

question: At which period of the year are phosphates high? 

answer: the summer growing season

question: What causes sugar created by chlorophyll to breakdown? 

answer: phosphate

question: Where does phosphate within a leaf move in the fall? 

answer: the stem of the plant

question: What is created in fall when phosphates retreat to the stems of plants? 

answer: anthocyanin pigments

question: What occurs in bright light to leaves during fall? 

answer: greater the production of anthocyanins
Title: Red
Context: Red hair varies from a deep burgundy through burnt orange to bright copper. It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin (which also accounts for the red color of the lips) and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin. The term redhead (originally redd hede) has been in use since at least 1510. Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered. (See red hair).

question: What pigment accounts for the majority of color in red hair? 

answer: pheomelanin

question: There is another part of the face which gets its red color from the pigment pheomelanin, what is it? 

answer: the lips

question: Aside from pheomelanin what color pigment contributes to red hair? 

answer: eumelanin

question: In what year can the earliest used of redhead be traced to? 

answer: 1510

question: What type of temper are people with red hair considered to have? 

answer: fiery
Title: Red
Context: Red is associated with dominance in a number of animal species. For example, in mandrills, red coloration of the face is greatest in alpha males, increasingly less prominent in lower ranking subordinates, and directly correlated with levels of testosterone. Red can also affect the perception of dominance by others, leading to significant differences in mortality, reproductive success and parental investment between individuals displaying red and those not. In humans, wearing red has been linked with increased performance in competitions, including professional sport and multiplayer video games. Controlled tests have demonstrated that wearing red does not increase performance or levels of testosterone during exercise, so the effect is likely to be produced by perceived rather than actual performance. Judges of tae kwon do have been shown to favor competitors wearing red protective gear over blue, and, when asked, a significant majority of people say that red abstract shapes are more "dominant", "aggressive", and "likely to win a physical competition" than blue shapes. In contrast to its positive effect in physical competition and dominance behavior, exposure to red decreases performance in cognitive tasks and elicits aversion in psychological tests where subjects are placed in an "achievement" context (e.g. taking an IQ test).

question: In alpha male mandrills what party of the body is most red according to their rank? 

answer: the face

question: Wearing red is connected to what result in humans, in terms of sport? 

answer: increased performance

question: In what sport have judges been shown to favor athletes wearing red? 

answer: tae kwon do

question: What is the effect of exposing a human to red when it comes to cognitive skills? 

answer: decreases performance

question: The amount of red in mandrill males is directly related to levels of what? 

answer: testosterone
Title: Red
Context: Surveys show that red is the color most associated with courage. In western countries red is a symbol of martyrs and sacrifice, particularly because of its association with blood. Beginning in the Middle Ages, the Pope and Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church wore red to symbolize the blood of Christ and the Christian martyrs. The banner of the Christian soldiers in the First Crusade was a red cross on a white field, the St. George's Cross. According to Christian tradition, Saint George was a Roman soldier who was a member of the guards of the Emperor Diocletian, who refused to renounce his Christian faith and was martyred. The Saint George's Cross became the Flag of England in the 16th century, and now is part of the Union Flag of the United Kingdom, as well as the Flag of the Republic of Georgia.

question: What trait do people most commonly link red with? 

answer: courage

question: Why did the Popes of the middle ages wear red? 

answer: to symbolize the blood of Christ and the Christian martyrs

question: What was depicted on the banners of Christians in the First crusade? 

answer: a red cross on a white field

question: What is the cross on the banners used during the First Crusade known as? 

answer: St. George's Cross

question: Who was Saint George believed to be? 

answer: a Roman soldier
Title: Red
Context: Saint Valentine, a Roman Catholic Bishop or priest who was martyred in about 296 AD, seems to have had no known connection with romantic love, but the day of his martyrdom on the Roman Catholic calendar, Saint Valentine's Day (February 14), became, in the 14th century, an occasion for lovers to send messages to each other. In recent years the celebration of Saint Valentine' s day has spread beyond Christian countries to Japan and China and other parts of the world. The celebration of Saint Valentine's Day is forbidden or strongly condemned in many Islamic countries, including Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and Iran. In Saudi Arabia, in 2002 and 2011, religious police banned the sale of all Valentine's Day items, telling shop workers to remove any red items, as the day is considered a Christian holiday.

question: When was Saint Valentine martyred? 

answer: 296 AD

question: Who was Saint Valentine? 

answer: a Roman Catholic Bishop or priest

question: In which century did Saint Valentine's day become connected with lovers? 

answer: 14th

question: In what kind of countries is the celebration of Valentine's day forbidden? 

answer: Islamic

question: Which nation forbade the sale of Valentine's Day products in 2002 and 2011? 

answer: Saudi Arabia
Title: Red
Context: Red is the color most commonly associated with joy and well being. It is the color of celebration and ceremony. A red carpet is often used to welcome distinguished guests. Red is also the traditional color of seats in opera houses and theaters. Scarlet academic gowns are worn by new Doctors of Philosophy at degree ceremonies at Oxford University and other schools. In China, it is considered the color of good fortune and prosperity, and it is the color traditionally worn by brides. In Christian countries, it is the color traditionally worn at Christmas by Santa Claus, because in the 4th century the historic Saint Nicholas was the Greek Christian Bishop of Myra, in modern-day Turkey, and bishops then dressed in red.

question: What color gowns are generally worn by recent Doctors of Philosophy at Oxford? 

answer: Scarlet

question: What good traits is the color red associated with in China? 

answer: good fortune and prosperity

question: In what century did Saint Nicholas become the influence for red being worn by Santa Claus? 

answer: 4th

question: Who was Saint Nicholas? 

answer: the Greek Christian Bishop of Myra

question: In what nation is Myra? 

answer: Turkey
Title: Red
Context: Red is the traditional color of warning and danger. In the Middle Ages, a red flag announced that the defenders of a town or castle would fight to defend it, and a red flag hoisted by a warship meant they would show no mercy to their enemy. In Britain, in the early days of motoring, motor cars had to follow a man with a red flag who would warn horse-drawn vehicles, before the Locomotives on Highways Act 1896 abolished this law. In automobile races, the red flag is raised if there is danger to the drivers. In international football, a player who has made a serious violation of the rules is shown a red penalty card and ejected from the game.

question: What did a red flag signal in the Middle Ages? 

answer: defenders of a town or castle would fight to defend it

question: What was the importance of a red flag flown by a warship in the Middle Ages? 

answer: they would show no mercy to their enemy

question: Which British law forbade cars from following a bearer of a red flag as a warning to horse drawn vehicles? 

answer: the Locomotives on Highways Act 1896

question: Under what circimstance is a red flag flown in auto racing? 

answer: if there is danger to the drivers

question: What is a football player shown before being ejected from a match? 

answer: a red penalty card
Title: Red
Context: Red is the international color of stop signs and stop lights on highways and intersections. It was standarized as the international color at the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals of 1968. It was chosen partly because red is the brightest color in daytime (next to orange), though it is less visible at twilight, when green is the most visible color. Red also stands out more clearly against a cool natural backdrop of blue sky, green trees or gray buildings. But it was mostly chosen as the color for stoplights and stop signs because of its universal association with danger and warning.

question: In what city did the standardization of red as a color of stop lights occur? 

answer: Vienna

question: In what year did nations standardize on red as a color for stop lights? 

answer: 1968

question: At what event did the color red become the standard color of stop lights? 

answer: Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals of 1968

question: Red is the color of stoplights due to its universal affiliation with what? 

answer: danger and warning

question: At what time is red at its brightest? 

answer: daytime
Title: Red
Context: Red is used in modern fashion much as it was used in Medieval painting; to attract the eyes of the viewer to the person who is supposed to be the center of attention. People wearing red seem to be closer than those dressed in other colors, even if they are actually the same distance away. Monarchs, wives of Presidential candidates and other celebrities often wear red to be visible from a distance in a crowd. It is also commonly worn by lifeguards and others whose job requires them to be easily found.

question: In what way is red used in contemporary fashion? 

answer: to attract the eyes of the viewer to the person

question: What is the main impact of people wearing red as it relates to the perception of distance? 

answer: People wearing red seem to be closer

question: Why do monarchs sometimes wear red? 

answer: to be visible from a distance in a crowd

question: Some professions require employees to wear red because it allows them to be what? 

answer: easily found
Title: Red
Context: "So he carried me away in the spirit into the wilderness: and I saw a woman sit upon a scarlet coloured beast, full of names of blasphemy, having seven heads and ten horns. "And the woman was arrayed in purple and scarlet colour, and decked with gold and precious stones and pearls, having a golden cup in her hand full of abominations and filthiness of her fornication: "And upon her forehead was a name written a mystery: Babylon the Great, the Mother of Harlots and of all the abominations of the earth: And I saw the woman drunken with the blood of the saints, and with the blood of the martyrs of Jesus.

question: How many heads did the scarlet beast which a woman sat on have? 

answer: seven heads

question: The horned scarlet beast that a woman sat on had how many horns? 

answer: ten

question: What kind of cup did the woman on the scarlet horned beast have? 

answer: golden

question: What was on the forehead of the woman on the scarlet horned beast? 

answer: a name

question: Outside of the blood of the saints, on what did the woman on the scarlet horned beast become drunken? 

answer: the blood of the martyrs of Jesus
Title: Red
Context: In China, red (simplified Chinese: 红; traditional Chinese: 紅; pinyin: hóng) is the symbol of fire and the south (both south in general and Southern China specifically). It carries a largely positive connotation, being associated with courage, loyalty, honor, success, fortune, fertility, happiness, passion, and summer. In Chinese cultural traditions, red is associated with weddings (where brides traditionally wear red dresses) and red paper is frequently used to wrap gifts of money or other objects. Special red packets (simplified Chinese: 红包; traditional Chinese: 紅包; pinyin: hóng bāo in Mandarin or lai see in Cantonese) are specifically used during Chinese New Year celebrations for giving monetary gifts. On the more negative side, obituaries are traditionally written in red ink, and to write someone's name in red signals either cutting them out of one's life, or that they have died. Red is also associated with either the feminine or the masculine (yin and yang respectively), depending on the source. The Little Red Book, a collection of quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-Tung, founding father of the People's Republic of China (PRC), was published in 1966 and widely distributed thereafter.

question: Which cardinal direction is signified by red in China? 

answer: south

question: What season is red identified with in China? 

answer: summer

question: Red paper is used to wrap gifts of money during what special celebration in China? 

answer: Chinese New Year

question: Who wrote the Little Red Book? 

answer: Chairman Mao Tse-Tung

question: In what year was the Little Red Book published? 

answer: 1966
Title: Red
Context: In Central Africa, Ndembu warriors rub themselves with red paint during celebrations. Since their culture sees the color as a symbol of life and health, sick people are also painted with it. Like most Central African cultures, the Ndembu see red as ambivalent, better than black but not as good as white. In other parts of Africa, however, red is a color of mourning, representing death. Because red bears are associated with death in many parts of Africa, the Red Cross has changed its colors to green and white in parts of the continent.

question: What central African warriors are said to cover themselves in red for celebrations? 

answer: Ndembu warriors

question: What does the Ndembu culture believe red symbolizes? 

answer: life and health

question: What color do the Ndembu believe is better than red? 

answer: white

question: What alternative colors does the Red Cross use in certain parts of Africa? 

answer: green and white
Title: Red
Context: Major League Baseball is especially well known for red teams. The Cincinnati Red Stockings are the oldest professional baseball team, dating back to 1869. The franchise soon relocated to Boston and is now the Atlanta Braves, but its name survives as the origin for both the Cincinnati Reds and Boston Red Sox. During the 1950s when red was strongly associated with communism, the modern Cincinnati team was known as the "Redlegs" and the term was used on baseball cards. After the red scare faded, the team was known as the "Reds" again. The Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim are also known for their color red, as are the St. Louis Cardinals, Arizona Diamondbacks, and the Philadelphia Phillies.

question: What team did the Cincinnati Red Stockings become? 

answer: the Atlanta Braves

question: When did the Cincinnati Red Stockings come to be? 

answer: 1869

question: What political movment was red identified with in the 1950s? 

answer: communism

question: What name did the Cincinnati Red Stockings become known as for a time in the 1950s? 

answer: Redlegs

question: Where did the Cincinnati Red Stockings move after leaving Cincinnati? 

answer: Boston
Title: Red
Context: In association football, teams such as Manchester United, Bayern Munich, Liverpool, Arsenal, Toronto FC, and S.L. Benfica primarily wear red jerseys. Other teams that prominently feature red on their kits include A.C. Milan (nicknamed i rossoneri for their red and black shirts), AFC Ajax, Olympiacos, River Plate, Atlético Madrid, and Flamengo. A red penalty card is issued to a player who commits a serious infraction: the player is immediately disqualified from further play and his team must continue with one less player for the game's duration.

question: What color jersey does Bayern Munich wear? 

answer: red

question: What is the nickname given to A.C. Milan? 

answer: i rossoneri

question: What has to occur for a player in association football to be shown a red penalty card? 

answer: a serious infraction

question: What occurs when a player in association football is shown a red penalty card? 

answer: the player is immediately disqualified from further play

question: How is an association football team impacted when a player is shown a red penalty card? 

answer: his team must continue with one less player for the game's duration